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NOTES AND QUERIES.
LONDON SATURDAY, JULY 5, 1862.
CONTENTS— N». 27.
NOTES • — Society of Sea-Serjeants, 1 — Sensation History
Th6roigne de Me'ricourt, 2 — Lowndes's Bibliographer's
Manual -. Notes on the New Edition, No. L, 3.
MINOR NOTES: — Leicester Town Library — John MTTre
alias Campbell — Battle at Cropredy Bridge— Dover Far-
QTJEK,IES . _ Pope's Epitaph on the Digbys, 6 — Belzebub's
Letter, 16. — De Coster, the Waterloo Guide, 7— Alan de
Galloway — Andrew Bates — Birds'- eggs — Berningh and
Ter Hoeven Families — Rowland Blakiston — " Catalonia,"
a Poem — Coins, &c.— Epithalamium on Her Majesty's
Marriage — Gold Thread Work — Hampshire Registers —
Heraldic Query — London Churches antb 1666 — Old Bona
Fide — Old Sarum — Philpot the Martyr — Queen Mary
and Calais — Quotations Wanted — Did the Ilomans wear
Pockets ?— Short-hand — Sicilian Order — Tennyson : Ca-
melot — Sir Martin Wright — Zurich Association for Micro-
scopical Science, 7.
QUERIES WITH ANSWERS: — "The Rival Friends" — "To
cotton to" — "The Marrow Controversy " — The Address
to the Mummy, 9.
REPLIES:— Coverdale's Bible, 10 — Mr. Justice Heath, 11
Philips' ; (not Phillips's) " Cerealia," 12 — " A Hundred
Sonnets," &c. — Quotation References, &c. — Dr. Joseph
Browne — " Ranse Canorae " — Sark — Lae-chow Islands —
The Blanshards — Blake Family — Jacob and James— The
Reynoldses — Aerolites — Hooker's " Ecclesistical Polity "
— ;Hunter's Moon — The Rev. Jas. Gray — Shortened Pro-
verbs — Gossamer — Nevison the Freebooter — Relative
Value of Money— Board of Trade — Parodies on Gray's
"Elegy" — Whig — Superstition — Singular Custom at
Grantham(?),&c., 13.
Notes on Books, &c.
THE SOCIETY OF SEA SERJEANTS.
This was the style and title of an association of
gentlemen belonging to the four maritime coun-
ties of South Wales. The Society was a secret
one, having a peculiar form of initiation ; and the
members of it were all men of family and fortune.
They held an annual meeting at a seaport town,
or one which was within the reach of the tidal
influence. The ostensible (and I believe the real)
object of the gathering was the promotion of in-
nocent recreation and social intercourse ; but
there were not wanting detractors, who attributed
the periodical assemblage of gentleman of station
and influence in secret conclave to motives of a
very different character. They were secretly and
openly accused of disaffection to the government,
and of trafficking with the exiled royal family.
This accusation, however, was always strongly
and indignantly repudiated by the sea-serjeants
themselves. The origin of the Society appears to
have been forgotten, as authentic record only
traces it back to the year 1726 ; at which time it
was revived. The rules and regulations then
drawn up limited the number of members to
twenty-five. Gentlemen wishing to become mem-
bers were obliged to continue probationers one
y<">r at least before they could be admitted, in
case of a vacancy, to the participation of the full
degree of «erjeant; such was the caution they
observed in the choice of their members. They
had a president, a secretary, an examiner, and
two stewards. When there was a call of Serjeants,
that is, on their first admission, they were to at-
tend in their coifs and proper habit of the order,
unless the president should dispense with the
same. A silver star, with the figure of a dolphin
in the centre, was to be worn as a characteristic
badge on the coat by every member during the
week of meeting. A'nd, " that there might be no
suspicion of their want of gallantry, they came to
a resolution, in the year 1749, to elect a lady
patroness — an unmarried lady of the town or
neighbourhood of their meeting "; and "that, as
soon as elected, the secretary was to wait on her
with the badge of the Society ; and that the mem-
bers, chaplain, and probationers, are allowed each
of them to introduce a lady to attend the lady
patroness to dine with the Society one day in the
week. That every member heard to curse or
swear, during the meeting in the public room, in-
curred a penalty ; as did every person who should
presume to play at dice in the public room, the
heavy forfeiture of five guineas." The examina-
tion of a candidate for admission to the Society
was as follows : —
" Tl &TT) rb foopd ffov ;
" Do you bear true allegiance to His Majesty ?
" Are you a member of the Church of England as by
law established ?
" Will you be faithful to your friends in prosperity,
and cherish them in adversity ?
" Do you desire to be admitted a member of this
Society?
" Will you faithfully observe the rules and orders that
have been read to you ?
" Will you, upon the honour of a gentleman, keep the
secrets of the Society, and the form of your admission
into it ? "
From the period of the revival of the Society
until its dissolution, there were three presidents :
Colonel William Barlow was the first ; at his
death, Richard Gwynne, Esq., of Taliaris, was
elected president ; and the first meeting under his
auspices was held at Tenby, on the 2nd of June,
1733. Mr. Gwynne died in 1752 ; and at a meet-
ing of the Society, held at Swansea on the 13th of
June in the same year, Sir John Philipps, Bart., of
Picton Castle, was elected in his stead. In the year
1754, when Sir John Philipps was candidate for
the city of Bristol, his being at that time presi--
dent of the Society of Sea-serjeants was made
the subject of various invectives, and tortured
every way to prejudice him with the citizens ;
which drew forth the following answer from the
honourable baronet : —
" I acknowledge that I am of that ancient Society,
which is composed of gentlemen of the first rank and
fortune in Wales: gentlemen who are as good and as
well affected subjects as any in His Majesty's whole
dominions, and whose delight it always will be to see a
great Prince, and a free and flourishing people, mutually
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'd S. IL JULT 5, '62.
striving to render each other happy. The intent, indeed,
of our annual meeting (which is always at some seaport
town, whence we are called sea-serjeants,) is to spend a
week together in innocent mirth and recreation, as other
gentlemen in England do at a horse race; and for no
disloyal purpose whatsoever that I know of, and I defy
any person to charge us with anything of that nature."
In order that a comparative estimate may be
formed of the difference between the price of
luxuries in those days and at the present time, I
subjoin a bill of one day of their festive week : —
" THE SOCIETY OF SEA-SEBJEANTS.
" Wednesday, July 31, 1745.
'• At Carmarthen.
" Breakfast. £ «. d.
Tea and Coffee - - - 0 5 6
Cards, three packs - - - - 0 4 6
" Dinner.
Thirty-one Gentlemen
Red Port, twelve bottles -
White Wine, two bottles -
Rhenish, six pints -
Ale, forty-two quarts
Cyder, twenty-five quarts -
Pnnch -
Tobacco ....
"Miuic.
Four men's dinners, 2s. ; ale, 1*. 4d.
Coffee, in the afternoon
" Supper.
Seventeen Gentlemen
Ale, twenty quarts -
Cyder, six quarts -
Punch - -
Tobacco, Raleigh Mansell, Esq.
Ale to the boatmen -
Ale to the Music, at the bumper -
- 0
0 10 0
3 17 6
140
040
6 0
0 14 0
084
026
026
3 4
2 0
0 17 0
068
020
050
002
008
010
9 6 8"
What the bumper was, I am not prepared to
say. It surely could not have been to " The King
over the Water" ! Fenton, in his History of Pem-
brokeshire, says that the Society was dissolved in
the year 1760. This could not have been the
case, as the following extracts from the Diary of
Sir John Fhilipps will serve to show : —
" July II*, 1760. Mr Tho. Bowen, for two stars, one
for Lady Patroness, and one for Richard,* II. It. Ye 12th.
In y« evening went with Richard to yc meeting of the
Sea Serjeants at the Long Room at Haverfordwest ;
Ringers, IL 1». ; lay at Mr John Phillips's. Yc 13th. Dr
James Philipps preached before us at S' Mary's. Y« 15th.
Rode to Hubberstone, and went with yc Gentlemen of y«
Society on board Sr Tho. Stepney's yacht; din'd on
board, sailed to Harbour's Mouth, and "back to Langwm
Pool, where my barge met us, and took us to Haverford.
•17. Lady Patroness (Miss Jenny Philipps), and 20
other Ladies, din'd with y* Society at Long Room ; when
was a Ball at night, and I danc'd with Lady Patroness.
8th, y« Ladies breakfasted with us there. Y« 19th.
M' John Phillips's Maid, 5». ; his Man, 2«. 6«t ; barber,
B«.; Taylor's man, 2«. 6A; Gloves, 2«. lOd.; Expense of
• Sir John Philipps'a son, afterwards Lord Milford.
the meeting, 2L 8s. ; Ditto, for Richard, who was elected
a Probationer, 21 8*.; Ditto, for Mr Martin, and for-
feiture, 3/. 9t. ; Breakfasts at y Long Room, 3s. Gd. ;
hostler, It. 22nd. Returned to Picton."
" 1761, June 18th. Went with my son to y" meeting of
y Sea Serjeants at Cardigan ; lodg'd at Uev1 Mr Davies's ;
din'd and supp'd at Black Lyon. Y' 19th Dr Philipps
preach'd before the Societv. Y« 20th. Rode to Blaenpant,
breakfasted with Dr Philipps, and returned, 2*. ; Miss
Anna Louisa Lloyd, of Bronwydd, was elected Lady
Patroness. Y«21»«. Rode towards Cardigan Bar to see
'em fish for Salmon. Y« 22nd. Went up the River as far
as Kilgerran. Yc 23rd. Lady Patroness and the Ladies
dined with us in the Town Hall, and at night there was
a Ball there. Y« 24th. They breakfasted with us, and
then went up the River as far as Kilgerran ; in ye Even
ing went on board Mr Vaughan's yacht. Yc 25'h. Horse
bill, and for Post Chaise boys, It 7». 9d; hostler, 4«. ;
Lodging for self and Son, II. 1 It. Gd. ; maid, It. Gd. ; bar-
ber, 6*. ; Thos. Davies and David Thomas's board wages,
11. It. ; Mr Geo. Bowen's son's nurse, 2». Gd. ; poor, 1*. ;
Expense of the meeting, 2/. 14s. ; Ditto for my son, 21. 14*. ;
Ditto for Mr Martiu, and Fine, 31. lot. ; Ditto for Mr
John Pngh Pryse, SL 15«. ; Lent James Philipps, Esq™,
3./ 3*. ; breakfasts, 2«. ; Returned to Picton."
" 1762, Julv 31". Went to the Meeting of the Sea-
Serjeants at Haverford; lodg'd at Mr John Phillips's.
Aug1 2. Gave two Serjeants and Coyer, It. Gd, ; Poor, 1*.
Y' 3d. My daughter Katharine was elected Lady Pa-
troness; and on the 5">, she, and 18 other Ladies, din'd
with the Society; danced at yc Ball at Long Room at
night, and breakfasted with Them there y« 6th. Y« 7th.
Bill for Horses at the Angel, 8t. Sd. ; Barbers, 6*. Gd. ;
Mr John Phillips's serv", 7s. Gd; hostler, 1*. ; Breakfasts
at Long Room, 3s. Gd. ; Tho. Davies's board wages,
10s. Gd. ; Expense of the meeting, 3L "2s. ; Ditto for my
Son, 31. 2s. ; Ditto for Mr Will. Vaughan and Forfeiture,
41. 3s. ; Ditto for Mr Sparks Martin and Forfeiture, 41. 3s. ;
Recd for Mr Hitchins, 5L 5s., and for M" Williams,* 2L 2s. ;
for Star for Lady Patroness, IL Is., and for advertising
y« Meeting, 19s. Gd."
I possess no farther account of the Society of
Sea- Serjeants, so that it is probable that this
was their last year of meeting. The Right Hon.
Sir John Philipps died on the 22nd of June
1764, and there is no record of any one having
been elected as president in his stead. Sir Richard
Philipps, Baron Milford, of the kingdom of Ireland,
was the last surviving member of the Society ;
and he died at Picton Castle on the 28th of June,
1823, in the eighty-third year of his age.
JOHN PAVIN PHIXLIPS.
Haverfordwest.
SENSATION HISTORY: THEROIGNE DE
MERICOURT.
The French Revolution offers such an un-
rivalled field for the class of historians who love
to indulge in this kind of narration, that it is no
wonder if scrupulous adhesion to fact is almost
wholly abandoned by them as unromantic. Any
one well acquainted with the recent performances
of distinguished writers in this line must be aw<"ge
Dr. Johnson's blind friend.
3rd S. II. JULY 5, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
of what the public in general have hardly yet
learnt — their utter worthlessness on matters of
detail. Truth on these can only be attained by
a search among original authorities. If a story,
or a received saying, illustrates a "principle,"
down it goes without inquiry. If it is simply
" telling " and picturesque, down it goes equally ;
inquiry, which might perchance rub the gloss off
it, being in this case sedulously avoided, unless
when a rival is to be criticised. The merest fic-
tions pass therefore from hand to hand, and are
reproduced by one great man after another, until
one almost fancies that they must become facts at
last by dint of repetition. Such instances as the
" Last Supper of the Girondists," the last word
of Louis XVI., the sinking of the Vengeur, the
heroism of Loirerolles, and many more will occur
to every one. I am about to adduce on the pre-
sent occasion an example from a trifling subject
enough — the misadventures of that pretty Re-
publican horse-breaker, Theroigne de Mericourt,
which, fury as she was, have somehow or other
interested serious-minded historians, so as to be
described by one after another with characteristic
comments.
I begin with our own distinguished " sensa-
tion " writer, Mr. Carlyle. He recounts how she
was set upon in May, 1793, by angry patriotic
women in the garden of the Tuileries : —
" The demoiselle, keeping her carriage, is for liberty
indeed, as she has full well shown: but then for liberty
with respectability. Whereupon these serpent-haired ex-
treme she-patriots do now fasten upon, batter her, shame-
fully fustigate her, in their shameful way ; almost fling
her into the garden ponds, had not help intervened."
Whereupon, he adds, the ill-used woman soon
lost the little wits she possessed.
M. Michelet next takes up the tale, and, like a
veteran squire of dames as he is, recounts it with
the strongest expressions of sympathy.
And M. Louis Blanc, that austerest of correc-
tors, who follows M. Michelet step by step, his
critical ferula in hand, in order to chastise the
slightest slip from fact into romance, he too re-
peats the story in the same reckless way as his
predecessors. He " turns sick " (le cceur se souleve
de degout), over Theroigne's horrible humiliation,
" qui la rendit folle."
Next come Messieurs Edmond and Jules de
Gencourt, who have not disdained to include poor
Theroigne among their "Portraits intimes du
18me Siecle," with a great array of original au-
thorities, but who merely repeat the old story,
with a " sensation " paragraph as usual : —
" Peu de jours avant le 31 Mai, The'roigne <Jtait aux
luilenes. Un peuple de femmes criait, ' XA bas les Bris-
sotms! Brissot passe. Les sans-jupons 1'entourent de
Burlemens. The'roigne s'e'lance pour le deTendre. ' Ah ! tu
Brissotine!' crient les femmes. • Tu vas payer pour
tons!' et The'roigne est fouette'e. L'on ne revit plus
ineroigne. Elle e'tait sortie folle des mains des flagel-
leuses. Uu hopital avait referme' ses portes sur elle."
Lastly, a writer in the last number of Frasers
Magazine, more excusable, repeats the same story
in as picturesque English as he can muster, doubt-
less reposing implicit faith in such a current of
authorities. He should not, however, have ven-
tured on an additional touch of colouring by mak-
ing the mob pull Theroigne out of her carriage—'
in the Tuileries' Gardens ! And yet the whole
story is worth absolutely nothing.
As to the flagellation, it rests solely on a careless
rumour among the " faits divers " of a newspaper
of the day, Prudhomme's Revolutions de Paris.
As to the consequent insanity, simply on the no-
torious fact, that the unhappy woman was some
time afterwards mad.
But it did so happen that at the time of the
catastrophe in question, there was a worthy Ger-
man patriot in Paris, George Forster, whose
genuine correspondence is as refreshing to the
soul, amidst high-seasoned dishings-up of the
events of the Revolution, as a slice of roast mutton
encountered in a dinner of rechauffes. On the
22nd July, 1793, Forster dined in company with
Miss Theroigne; that is, two months after her
biographers have consigned her to a mad- house,
and had the courage to tell his wife of it; and this
is what he has to say of her : —
" She talked much about the Revolution : her opinions
were without exception strikingly accurate and to the
point. The ministry at Vienna she judged with a know-
ledge of facts which nothing but peculiar readiness of
observation could have given .... Six or seven weeks
ago the furies who sit in the tribunes of the Convention
dragged her out into the garden of the Tuileries, beat her
about the head with stones, and would have drowned her
in the bassin if help had not fortunately arrived. But
since that time she has frightful headaches, and looks
wretchedly ill .... She has a strong thirst for instruc-
tion ; says she wishes to go into the country, and there
study to supply the deficiencies of her education. She«
wishes for the company of a well-informed man, who can
read and write well ; and is ready to give him his board
and 2000 livres a year."
A few months later she was no doubt mad in
earnest, whether the " headaches " were the com-
mencement of her illness or no, as appears from a
letter which she addressed to Saint-Just from a
maison-de-sante. And that is the grain of truth
at the bottom of a bushel of romance.
JEAN LE TBOUVEUR.
LOWNDES'S BIBLIOGRAPHER'S MANUAL.
NOTES ON THE NEW EDITION.
No. I.
A., B., The Haven of Hope, containing Godly
Prayers and Meditations, Lond. 1585. 16°.
Omitted. A copy is at Lambeth.
Abbot, — , Jesus prefigured, a Poem. 1623. 4°.
The Christian name of the author was John.
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. JUI.Y 5, '62.
Abell (Thomas), Invicta Veritas : An answer
that by no manner of law it may be lawful
for the King to be divorced. Luneberg,
1532. 4°.
Omitted. A copy is at Lambeth.
Academiarum qua; aliquando fuere, et hodie sunt
in Europa, Catalogus. Londini, 1590. 4°.
Omitted. A copy is at Lambeth.
Ady (Thomas'), A Perfect Discovery of Witches.
Lond. 1661. 4°.
Omitted. A copy in the Bodleian.
JEsop's Fables, translated by R. Henryson.
Of this version there appears, from the Catalogue of
Sion College Library, to be a copy of an edition 1577 in
that collection.
Alba, Duke of, An Answer to a Letter lately sent
to him by those of Amsterdam, translated by
T. W. Lond., n. d. 12°.
Omitted. A copy is at Lambeth.
Albion's Queene, The Famous Historic of. Lon-
don, 1601. 4°.
See Farmer's Catalogue, No. 5877.
Alcilia, Philoparthen's Loving Folly. Lond. 1613.
12°.
This volume is a 4to. Mr. Corser has a copy, formerly
Blight's. It wants three leaves.
Aleyn (C.)i The Batailles of Crescey and Poitiers.
Lond. 1631. 8°.
First Edition. There are two copies in the Museum.
Only one or two others are known.
Almansir, or Rhodomontados of the Most Hor-
rible, Terrible, and Invincible Captain, Sir
Frederick Fight- All. Engl. and Fr. Lond.
1672. 8°.
Omitted. Nassau, No. 30, IL'St.
Alynton (Robert), Libellus Sophistarum.
An edition by W. de Worde, 1530, 4to, is in the Pepy-
sian Library at Cambridge.
Angel (Chr.), De Antichristo.
The full title of this book is : Labor Chrittophori Angeli
Graci de Apostatid Ecclesia, et de Humano Peccato, Sci-
licet ASTICHRISTO ; et de Numeris Danielis et Apocalyp-
*eo» : Londini, 1624, 4°. Dedicated to both Universities.
Aratus, Phenomena (latino versu), per NICOULUM
AI.KXUM ANGLUM. Parisiis, 1561. 4°.
Omitted. Some original] poems by Allen accompany
the volume. Bright had a copy, dated 1562. A copy of
edition 1561, sold among Mitford's books in 1860. An-
other in Thorpe's Cat. for 1851 (poor), 10«. 6dl
Aristophanes: Acharnians, Knights, Birds, and
Frogs, translated by J. H. Frere. 1839-40.
4°. (A Malta-printed book.)
Omitted.
Armin (Robert), Nest of Ninnies. Lond. 1608. 4°.
A copy was in the Harleian Collection. Mr. Daniel
of Canonbury, who is the fortunate possessor of both
ames, informs me that this tract is nothing more than
an abridgment of Foole upon Foole, Lond. 1605, 4«.
Armstrong (Archibald), Banquet of Jests.
Myles Davies (Athena Britannicac, Part m.) speaks of
an edition, 1030. The edition of 1639 was in llarl Col-
lection.
Arthur of Little Britain, History of.
A damaged copy of edition by T. East (n. d.), sold at
Sotheby's, in 1856, for 17*.
Articles : A Collection of Certain Slanderous Ar-
ticles given out by the Bishops against the
faithful Christians whom they detain in prison,
n. p. 1590. 4°.
Omitted. In Lambeth Library there are four copies,
Articles devised by the King to sta-
blysh Christian Quietncs aud Unitie. Lond.
1536. 4°.
Omitted. A copy is at Lambeth.
Ascham (R.), Apologia pro Ccenii Dominica.
Lond. 1577. 8°.
From the press of H. Middleton. In Lambeth Library
is a copy of the same date which, from the Catalogue,
seems to have been printed by F. Coldock.
Astraea, or the Grove of Beatitudes. Lond.
1665. 12°.
I believe Astrcea to be an error for Ashrcea.
Atcheleys (Thomas), History of Violenta and Di-
daco. 1576.
The author's name is Achelley, or Atchelley ; but not
Atchtleys. In the Return from Parnatsus, 1606, he is
called Atchlow. The poem is a translation from Bandello.
A copy is in the Malone Collection.
The Key of Knowledge. Lond.
(1572), 12°.
Omitted. A copy is at Lambeth. ' This piece is in
prose.
Avale (Lemeke), Commemoration of Bastarde
Edmonde Bonner. 1569.
Avale is an assumed name. The tract was not im-
probably written by one T. W., whoever he was, the
author of The Recantation of Pasquin of Rome, 1570.
Aumale (Duke of), A True Discourse of His
DiscomBture in Picardie by the Duke of
Longueville. Lond. 1589. 4°.
Omitted. A copy is at Lambeth.
Austin (Samuel), Urania, or the Heavenly Muse.
Lond. 1629. 8°.
. . Naps Upon Parnassus. Lond. 1658. 8°.
These two works are quoted as if by one person:
whereas the former was written against Samuel Austin
the Elder, and the latter was written by several persons
against his son, Samuel Austin the Younger !
Austin (Wm.), Certaine Devoute Meditations.
Lond. 1635. Folio.
Atlas Under Olympus ; a Poem. Lond.
1664. 8°.
The Anatomy of the Pestilence ; a Poem.
Lond. 1666. 8°.
— — — Steps of Abuse. Daie. 1550.
Haec Homo. Lond. 1637. lqp.
3rd S. II. JULY 5, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
All these works are fathered most unnaturally on the
same William Austin, who is merely answerable for the
Devout Meditations and the Htec Homo. Steps of Abuse
is a translation from St. Augustin ; and Atlas under
Olympus, and The Anatomy of the Pestilence, were the pro-
ductions of a " William Austin of Gray's Inn, T£sq.," sup-
posed by some to have been the .son of the former
W. Austin, who died in 1633.
Awfield (Thomas), and Thomas Webley, Life and
End of, being both traitors, executed at Ti-
bourne, July 6, 1585. Lond. : Thos. Nelson,
1585. 12°.
Omitted. A copy is at Lambeth.
Aymon : The Four Sons of Aymon.
An edition was printed by CAXTON, q. v.
Ay ton (R.), Essays. Lond. 1825. 8°. With
portrait.
Omitted.
Aytoun (Sir R.), Poems, edited by C. Roger.
1844. 8°.
Omitted.
W. CAREW HAZLITT.
fHwar
LEICESTER TOWN LIBRARY. — Turning over the
pages of a stray number of the Monthly Magazine
for 1802, the following remarks relative to the
state of the ancient library came under my notice.
I should like to learn what degree of truth there
is in them, and if the library is still in existence ?
" A correspondent of the Leicester Journal laments the
neglected state of the Library in that town, and recom-
mends to the governors of the free school, to examine it
and restore it to its ancient and original purpose. This
library, commonly called the Town Library, contains, it
is well known, a number of very scarce and valuable
books ; it was begun to he erected in the year 1632, at
the sole expense of the corporation, was completed in
1633, and gave free access to any one. Collections of
books and money were made both in the town and county
to furnish it, and, according to a catalogue taken in 1775,
the books amounted to 1000 volumes. The last donation
made to it was by the Rev. J. Harryman, rector of Peck-
leton (about sixty years ago), who gave, by his will, up-
wards: of forty volumes. In the year 1676, Mr. Jacob
Bauthumley, at that time librarian, published a book,
dedicated to the mayor and aldermen of the borough,
which has the following passage : ' Your Worships' pious
devotion to religion and learning is apparent to all men
who love either.' It likewise appears that formerly young
gentlemen educated at the free school, ' were accustomed
to examine and peruse the books in this library.' This
correspondent further observes (and reprehends the cir-
cumstance as not very creditable to the taste and literary
attainments of the present day), that about nine years
ago, a number of gentlemen, part of the company of the
.Mayor's feast, dined in the library, when some hundreds
of the books were unchained, removed from their places,
and as a proof of inattention to learning and classical in-
struction, have lain in a confused state, without being
replaced therein ever since ! "
J. M.
JOHN M'URE alias CAMPBELL. — Scotch anti-
quaries are well acquainted with " a rare and curi-
ous work entitled A View of the City of Glasgow"
published there in 1736. It has a portrait of the
author in the seventy-ninth year of his age, a
venerable- looking old gentleman, which is notun-
frequently wanting, as are generally the two ex-
ceedingly curious plates of Glasgow, and the one
of the arms of that city.
How he came to call himself M'Ure alias
Campbell is not explained. His autograph is very
rare. Recently I purchased A New View of Lon-
don, or an ample Account of that City, 2 vols. 8vo,
London, 1708. On the fly-leaf is written, in a
neat strong hand, " John M'Ure, Clerk to the Re-
gistration of Session at Glasgow, his book, 1726."
There is no alias here, neither is there any in a
notarial instrument in 1730, which I have seen.
Can any of your correspondents tell when he first
used the alias, and why he did it ? His grand-
father, Robert, " son lawful to Charles M'Ure,
alias Campbel of Ballochyle," died at the age of
96, in 1634. After that period the alias seems to
have been discontinued. J. M.
BATTLE AT CROPREDT BRIDGE. — This is a copy
of a most interesting entry made in the parish
register books of Wardington, near Banbury,
Oxon, referring as it does immediately to the
celebrated " Fight at Cropredy Bridge," June 29,
1644. The said bridge is two miles distant from
Wardington, west. This place (W.) is now a
parish of itself, having recently been separated
from Cropredy, of which it was a township. The
Rev. Charles Walters, M.A. (my brother) is the
incumbent. His patron is the Bishop of Oxford.
I made the copy from which this is taken in
June 25, 1855 : —
" Anno Domin. 1644.
Junij 30. Buried in the parish Church of War-
dington in ye County of Oxon : John
Burrell, Cornet to Colonel Richard Neville,
wh Mr Burrell was slaine the dav before
in a smart battazYe against ye Rebels.
against the Parliament.
Ita tester Hen : Deane : Cap* Regim."
The main part of the old stone bridge of Crop-
redy still exists across the river Cherwell, which
empties itself into the Isis at Oxford.
The last line of the extract (in italic type) is
nearly obliterated ; but it was so made out by
the Rev. Charles Walters, Incumbent.
The opprobrious term of "rebels," and this
record of their signal defeat — evidently inserted
by a Royalist clergyman — was doubtless a sad
eye-sore to the " Puritan divine," who seems soon
after to have been thrust into the post of the
faithful and lawful pastor (who was probably
ejected), and this significant alteration (" against
the Parliament ") to have been made by him.
REV. ALFRED V. WALTERS, B.A.
Winchester.
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3fd S. II. JULY 5, '62.
DOVER FARTHING. — A specimen of local coin-
age has been lately found at Buckland, near
Dover, and is now in my possession. It is of
very thin copper, five-eighths of an inch in dia-
meter. On the obverse are the arms of Dover,
encircled by the words " Dover Farthing, 68 ; "
and on the reverse a neat representation of St.
Martin and the beggar, being the arms of St.
Martin's Priory. S. F.
[Mr. Boyne (Tokens of the Seventeenth Century, p. 130)
has the following interesting note on this farthing : — " St.
Martin was the patron saint of Dover, and the church of
St. Martin-le Grand the mother church. Amongst its
other privileges was that of beginning service before all
the other churches and chapels in the district The
church was destroyed 'at the time of the Reformation.
Dover Fair is still called St. Martin's Fair. The same
device as on the tokens appears on the Borough Counter-
Seal, which dates as far back as the year 1305. This
has been described by Browne Willis as 'a highwayman
robbing a man on foot.' The obverse side of the seal has
an antique ship with sail furled, a forecastle, poop, and
round-top all embattled; a steersman at the helm, two
men on the forecastle blowing horns, another climbing up
the shrouds, two below at a rope ; a tl.-ig at the stern
charged with the Port Arms. It is an admirable speci-
men of engraving for the period." — ED.]
POPE'S EPITAPH OX THE DIGBYS.
It may seem somewhat idle to occupy a portion
of the pages of " N. & Q." with remarks on a
single word in a line of poetry, even when the
poet is Pope. I would, however, call your readers'
attention to a line in the epitaph on the two
young Digbys — brother and sister — in Sherborne
Church ; unquestionably one of the most beauti-
ful of Pope's epitaphs.
The line on the marble stands thus : —
" Go, and exalt thy Moral to Divine " ;
and is so printed in the editions of Warburton
and Bowles. Roscoe's edition I do not possess.
On the other hand, in Johnson's Works (Oxford,
1825), Dyce's edition of Pope, and in Cunning-
ham's edition of Johnson's Lives, the line is
printed : —
" Go, and exalt thy mortal to Divine."
The antithesis is here stronger than in the line as
it stands on the monument, but Pope may have
used moral with a meaning akin to that which
Johnson calls rather a French than an English
sense — the same as morality : the practice or
doctrine of the duties of life ; " art de bien vivre,"
as the French translate or explain the word.
Johnson either found in some early edition of
Pope's Works, or he himself substituted the word
mortal for moral; and I will thank some cor-
respondent of "N.&Q."to refer to the earlier
editions of Pope — viz. those of 1736, 1741, and
1 749 — and to state the result of his examination.*
The second (1741) is called " Pope's own edition,"
and may have undergone the scrutiny of the
poet's own eye. We may presume that Warbur-
ton would carefully follow him. Had Mr. Croker,
in his projected edition of Pope, arrived at this
epitaph ? If so, how had he printed the line in
1 question ? J. H. MARKLASD.
BELZEBDB'S LETTER.
In 1751 there appeared at London (8vo, pp. 29,)
a letter signed /'Belzebub." It is entitled : —
" A Letter from the Prince of the Infernal Regions to
a Spiritual Lord on this side the Great Gulf, in answer to
a late invective Epistle levelled at his Highness," &c.
Neither the name of the printer nor publisher
is given. It contains a special enumeration of
the follies and vices of the great metropolis, which
are handled with proper severity. The fears of
the London great folk at the threatened earth-
quake are amusingly depicted. One of the anec-
dotes on this subject may be extracted : —
" A certain noble Lord, who at the time resided in
town, was so much affected with the shock, that he
ordered the chariot to be immediately got ready ; in he
pushed, drove off Jehu like, nor would he tarry one
minute for his disconsolate lady, whom he left in a dis-
consolate state, packing up her auls. But ere he de-
parted the town, he ordered his coachman to drive him
to a certain gentleman where he had some affairs to
discharge. When the gentleman came to the door to
attend his Lordship's pleasure, he whispered in the coach-
man's ear thus: 'Where is your master driving to?'
4 Why,' said the coachman, ' to the Devil.' When they
had got a few miles from town, says my Lord, ' What
reply did you make to the gentleman, who inquired
where I was driving to?' 4Why, my Lord,' says the
coachman, ' I told him you were driving to the Devil ; for,
as you arc flying from God, you can drive to no one else.'
Up'on which my Lord ordered him to drive him back to
London. So that this smart and just reflection of the
man made a convert of the master."
The writer, after enumerating his numberless
subjects, places in the first rank "Drury Lane
Playhouse," which is represented as one of his
" Royal Barracks " ; where " several regiments of
my best troops, all men of valour, and three or
four regiments of my brave and warlike Amazons,
keep constant quarter." These ladies rejoice in
" little round things resembling wafers as to form,
but black in colour. They are called ' Patches ' ;
and, oh ! how much my pretty Amazons delight
in them ; purely out of respect to me, their Prince,
seeing black is my livery. Your Lordship may
observe them about their eyes, under their chins,
[* In Pope's Works, edit. 1736, 3 vols. 12mo, also in
that of 1742-43, 9 vols. 12mo, and that of 1751, contain-
ing " his last Corrections, Additions, and Improvements,"
9 vols. 8vo, as well as in Roscoe's edition, 1824, the line
reads —
"Go, and exalt thy Moral to Divine." — ED.]
S. II. JULY 5, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
and upon their cheeks." Covent-garden Theatre
Royal is second in the list of Belzebub's fortresses.
The writers are all represented as his Satanic
Majesty's most loyal subjects. Then comes " the
Haymarket, that famous place for ' French strol-
lers and brute conjurers, but superlatively more
for foolish Britons.' " Broughton's amphitheatre
is then noticed, and it is celebrated for pick-
pockets and highwaymen ; and there follow
various other places of public entertainment, the
patrons of which are minutely particularised.
It is, on the whole, a singularly curious tract ;
so much so, that it would be satisfactory to ascer-
tain the author's name. The prelate addressed
was the Bishop of London, Thomas Sherlock.
J. M.
DE COSTER, THE WATERLOO GUIDE.
I have seen it lately stated as a fact now well
known, that the famous guide who for several years
showed visitors over the field of Waterloo, was an
impostor. It was averred that he never accom-
panied Napoleon, and was not at the battle at all,
but concealed in the neighbourhood. It was also
said that he had picked up much information from
various quarters, and supplied the rest by his own
ingenuity.
I visited the field of Waterloo in September,
1816, a little more than a year after the battle.
This man, whose name was De Coster, or Da
Costa, came out on our approach, and offered his
services as our guide, informing us that he had
been with Napoleon all the time of the memorable
battle, having been engaged to conduct him, and
in the event of his winning the battle, to be his
guide through the Forest of Soignies, into which
Napoleon expected that the English would re-
treat. He appeared perfectly familiar with all the
details of the battle, and pointed out every re-
markable spot as we went over the memorable
field. He led us to a ravine between two high
banks of sandy soil, where he told us that Napo-
leon took up his position for the last hour and a
half; that he was himself on horseback, and in
close attendance on the emperor. He said that
Napoleon kept constantly taking snuff, and ob-
serving the British line with his telescope ; and
that when he, the guide, lowered his head occa-
sionally as the cannon balls passed over them,
Napoleon told him not to do so, " for," said he,
"you will get those that were not intended for
you." He added, that when the emperor saw his
Old Guard give way, he turned to Bertrand, and
said, "VA present, c'est tout fini ; sauvons nous ! "
At the same time he caught hold of De Coster's
bridle, turned his horse round, and ordered him
to set off at full gallop, following him all the way
to^Genappe. The next morning Bertrand gave
this guide a Napoleon, and dismissed him.
I wish to know if this man was, after all, an im-
postor ? His manner, when I saw him, certainly
was not such as to raise the least suspicion. Nor
can I conceive, if the chief parts of his tale were
his own fabrication, and especially if he had not
been present at the battle at all, how he could
have escaped exposure in the outset, and still
more when his rapid gains, by showing numbers
of travellers over the field, must have excited the
envy and scrutiny of his neighbours, to whom he
was well known. F. C. H.
ALAN DE GALLOWAY. — Will any of your cor-
respondents do me the favour of stating of what
family was Alan de Galloway, who married the
eldest daughter and coheiress of David, Earl of
Huntingdon ; and whether it was the same Alan
de Galloway whose eldest daughter and coheiress
married (see Burke's Extinct Peerage, p. 443)
Roger de Quincy, the second Earl of Winchester ?
Also, what members of the Baliol family left
descendants ? HENRY CLINTON.
ANDREW BATES, son of Ralph Bates, Esq., of
Halliwell in Northumberland, was educated in
the school of Bury-St.-Edmunds, and admitted
a pensioner of [S. John's College, Cambridge,
May 23, 1674, set. 17, going out B.A. 1677-8, and
commencing M.A. 1681. After being usher of
Canterbury school, he was, Oct. 4, 1686, appointed
preacher of S. Anne's chapel, in Newcastle-upon-
Tyne. On Oct. 25, 1689, he was appointed lec-
turer of S. John's in that town. He died in or
about 1710. It is said that he published a work
in favour of conformity, against Richard Gilpin,
M.D. We shall be obliged to any of your cor-
respondents who can give us the title, date, and
place of publication of this book.
C. H. & THOMPSON COOPER.
Cambridge.
BIRDS'-EGGS. — The praiseworthy agitation now
in progress for the preservation of the eggs and
young of birds, prompts the Query, Is that useful
and sensible statute of Henry VIII. (1543-4) pro-
hibiting the taking of bird's-eggs, repealed, and
has there been any subsequent legislation on the
subject ? JAMES GILBERT.
2, Devonshire Grove, Old Kent Road, S.E.
BERNINGH AND TER HOEVEN FAMILIES. — Can
any of your correspondents in Holland state if
these families are extinct there, and what their
arms were ? UUYTE.
Capetown, S.A.
ROWLAND BLAKISTON, one of the king's es-
cheators for Herefordshire, 19-23 Hen. VII., of
what family was he ? C. J. R.
"CATALONIA," A POEM. — Can any reader of
"N- & Q." say who wrote this poem published
at Edin. 1811, and dedicated to Sir W. Scott?
B
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"1 S. II. JCLY 5, »62.
It is dated from on board "His Majesty's Ship
Caledonia, off Toulon," and is the fruit of a short
" respite from those duties which a very respon-
sible office imposes." J. O.
COINS, &c. — That the Notes and Queries of cer-
tain correspondents may be the better satisfied, I,
after some hesitation, send an instance of a silver
"article" with a circular gold coin set in its base.
It is a punch-ladle; and its little history is,
that the silver part, being the ladle, was formed
from a Spanish dollar picked up in Cheapside,
more than a century ago, by a forefather of mine.
Tradition adds, that the gold coin was also found
by him or his wife.
On one side of this coin, across the middle, is
the date 1758 ; and perpendicularly to the line of
these numbers, a well-stamped figure of a man in
full length, with sword drawn. Around this man
and this date, run the contractions: "RES. PAR.
CRES. IIOL. roNcoHDiA." On the other side, within
four lines which form a square, are these : —
MO . ORD.
PBO VIN.
FOB . DBS.
B E L G . AD
LEG . IMP.
I have placed and pointed each line of capitals
just as they appear on the coin, though I must
impute an error or two to the work; but the
letters are clear and even. If you can spare a
corner for this, and for any comments from a
numismatist or an antiquarian critic, I shall be
much obliged. S. C. FREEMAN.
Highbury New Park.
EPITHALAMITJM ON HER MAJESTY'S MARRIAGE.
Who was the Professor, " said to be the first
scholar in Bonn," that sent the late Prince Con-
sort a most astonishing Latin epithalamium. (See
Guardian, Dec. 21, 1861, p. 1162.)
P. J. F. GANTILLON.
GOLD THREAD WORK. — Some eighty or ninety
years ago there was an odd sort of amusement or
" fancy work " among fashionable people, which
consisted in unravelling the gold threads from
tapestry or embroidery. These gold threads were
afterwards sold, so that the love of gain had much
to do with the diversion. The Italian poet, Parini,
has a passage descriptive of it in his Satire //
Giorno. Can any of your correspondents give the
name of the amusement, or any other particulars
concerning it? AULIOS.
HAMPSHIRE REGISTERS. — Will you allow me
to state that I shall be most grateful to any Hamp-
shire clergyman who will favour me with a notice
of any remarkable entries in parochial registers
or other documents, which may bear upon the
antiquities (material and immaterial) of the county
of Southampton. THEODORE C. WILKS.
Hook, Winchfield.
HERALDIC QUERY. — To what family does the
following crest belong? A leopard's head, erm.
ducally crowned. Beneath are engraved the ini-
tials D.W.H. J.
LONDON CHURCHES ante 1666. — Can I be in-
formed whether there exist any views or descrip-
tions of the City churches that were so mercilessly
swept away by the unparalleled conflagration of
1666? Stow's Survey does not describe the
buildings. There are, indeed, perfect transcripts
of the monumental inscriptions in Weever and
Maitland. R. P.
OLD BONA FIDE. —
"Louis the Fourteenth of France, commonly called
Old Bond Fide, was born above twenty-two years after
marriage." — The Midwife" » Companion, by Henry Bracken,
M.D. London, 1737, p. 34.
" History makes mention of Old Bono, Fide, the late
King of France, being born with two teeth ; but whether
this was any omen of his tyrannical government after-
wards, I leave to the more learned to scrutinize, though
I am of opinion it only showed him to be of a hail (*ic)
and sound make and conformation." — Ibid. p. 236.
Why called Old Bon& Fide ? H. J.
OLD SARUM. — The accounts given of this
ancient borough differ so widely, and are most of
them so clearly mere political exaggerations, that
it would be interesting to see in your columns a
reliable description derived from persons having
local and personal knowledge upon the subject.
We might learn what was the actual condition of
the borough at the period immediately antece-
dent to the passing of the Reform Act ; how the
franchise was conferred, perpetuated, and exer-
cised; of what class the voters were composed,
and how many there were; in what part of the
borough the elections were held, and whether any
peculiar ceremonies or customs were observed ;
also, whether the election for the parent city was
considered, " an event " by any of the citizens of
Salisbury, or was allowed to pass over unheeded
and unnoticed, excepting by those immediately
interested. WM. TALLACK.
Norwich.
PHILPOT THE MARTYR. — In the original grant
of arms to Augustin Ballow, of London, merchant,
it is stated that his wife, Elizabeth, daughter of
Nicholas Philpot, of Hereford, gent., claims de-
scent from the martyr, who was son of Sir Peter
Philpot, of Hampshire. I am anxious to obtain
corroboration of these statements ; and also to
ascertain what relation the said Nicholas Philpot
was to Sylvanus Morgan ? C. J- R-
QUEEN MARY AND CALAIS. — History records
that Queen Mary said, that at her death the
3rd S. II. JULY 5, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
9
name of Calais would be found engraved on her
heart. This idea has since been often used. Has
it any deeper or hidden meaning than the meta-
phorical one of a lasting impression ?
SOLSBERGIUS.
QUOTATIONS WANTED. — Who is the author of
the following lines, and of what poem do they
form a part ? —
" Than when they went for Palestine with Lewis at their
head,
And many a waving banner, and the Oriflamme out-
spread,
And many a burnished galley, that with blaze of
armour shone,
In the ports of aunny Cyprus, and the Acre of St. John."
ION.
Prescot.
"The rabble cheered ; to them such words seemed fit:
Blockheads accept scurrility for wit.'' — Dunciad.
Quoted in an Essay on Periodical Literature,
by John Scott. Lond. 1781, p. 37.
What Dunciad? The lines are not in Pope's,
nor in The Modern Dunciad by Daniel. W. L.
DID THE ROMANS WEAR POCKETS? — The ques-
tion is asked as bearing upon the fact of so many
of their coins being found in all localities fre-
quented by them. J. P.
SHORT-HAND. — I do not find any English book
on Short-hand dated so early as 1562. Where
shall I find an explanation of the characters
formed of various angular lines terminating in
small circles, used in that year by Gerard Legh
in his Accidence of Arnwrie, at fol. 132? They
form two lines of verse : and may be seen in the
same place in any of the numerous editions of
later date, which were literal reprints.
JOHN GOUGH NICHOLS.
SICILIAN ORDER. — I have a Sicilian Order, cap-
tured from a French officer at the battle of Vit-
toria. It consists of a gold star of five points,
•with red enamel on it. In the centre, on one side,
is a figure showing three legs, with a head in the
centre, and an inscription, " Jos. Napoleon. Rex
Siciliarum instituit." On the other side a horse
rearing over a rock, and an inscription, " Pro patria
restituta." Can you tell me what this order is,
its history, and the meaning of the inscription ?
E. F. D. C.
TENNYSON : CAMELOT. — What evidence is there
to show that King Arthur's Camelot was Cadbury
Camp, near Clevedon ? (Cf. Pearson, Hist, of
England in Middle Ages, chap, i.) Does not
Camel mean a river in Anglo-Saxon ? Yet Cad-
bury is as dry as possible, scarcely a ditch in the
neighbourhood. How did the Roman name of
Camulodunum get mixed up in the matter at all ?
LIONEL G. ROBINSON.
SIR MARTIN WRIGHT. — Some of your contri-
butors may perhaps be able to enlighten me as to
the parentage and family of this gentleman, who
was a Baron of the Exchequer in 1739, and a Judge
of the King's Bench in 1740. He resigned in
1755, and died in 1767 at Fulham ?
EDWARD Foss.
ZURICH ASSOCIATION FOR MICROSCOPICAL
SCIENCE. — A few years since there was founded
an association of German savans with the view of
employing workmen in the manufacture of cheap
microscopes, mounting of objects, &c. I believe
it was known as the Zurich Association for Micro-
scopical Science. Is it still in existence, and if
so, who is its London agent? AIKEN IRVINE.
Fivemiletown.
" THE RIVAL FRIENDS," a Comedy by Peter
Hausted, was acted at Cambridge by the students
of Queen's College, on occasion of the visit of
King Charles I. to the University. Could you
oblige me with the names of the actors, which are
said to be given (in MS.) in a copy of the play in
the British Museum ? Who wrote the commen-
datory verses to this play ? ZETA.
[The poetical dedication "To the Eight Honorable,
Right Reverend, Right Worshipful, or whatsoever he be
or shall bee whom I hereafter may call Patron," is by
Peter Hausted himself. Of the Commendatory Verses,
the first set, in Latin Iambics, is subscribed by Ed.
Kemp; the second, consisting of twelve heroic lines in
English, are anonymous ; and the third, similar in style,
length, and language, are subscribed with the initials
J. R. The names of the characters and actors are as 'fol-
lows : —
Sacriledge Hooke -
Pandora
Mistress Ursely
Jack Loveall
Constantina -
Lucius -
Neander
Luscinio
Terpander
Anteros
Laurentio
Endymion
Isabella
Stipes -
Placenta
Morda -
Nodle Emptie
Wiseacres
Mungrel
Hammershin
Knowlittle
Tempest All-mouth
Armstrong
Stuchell Legg
Fillpot ---
Hugo Obligation -
Mr. Brian.
Mannering.
Romsbotom.
Sr Rogers.
Mr. Lin.
Mr. Kempe.
Mr. Hills.
Mr. Hausted.
Sr Cantrel.
Mr. Cotterel.
Freer.
Mr. Rogers.
Piercen.
Tiffin.
Mr. Harflet.
Mr. Hards.
Sr Wood house.
Hausted.
Kidbie.
Richardson.
Sr Carlile.
Stake.
The names of the actors printed in italics are in a much
more modern hand than the others ; and probably those
to which " Sr " is prefixed were in orders. 1
10
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. JULY 5, 'C:>.
" To COTTON TO." — Query, the meaning and
origin of this expression?
JOB J. BARDWELL WOBKARD, M.A.
[" To cotton to one is a cant phrase in tbe United
States, signifying to take a liking to one, to fancy him ;
literally, to stick to him, as cotton does to clothes." (Ogil-
vie, Imp. Diet. Supplement) The phrase is not noticed by
Bartlett in his Americanisms, second edition, 1859. To
cotton, in old English, meant to prosper, to succeed, to
answer. " It will not cotten," Almanack, 1615. (Wright.)
Yet neither of these explanations, we think, will fully
account for the meaning of the phrase " to cotton to," as
it is now used vernacularly among ourselves. To cotton
to any one signifies to flatter, to cajole him, to curry
favour by subserviency. Is it not to ho-tou to him ? The
ko-tou, ko-teou, or kS-tow, is the reverence regularly ren-
dered to the Emperor of China by his own vassals, and
earnestly solicited from European envoys and ambassa-
dors. Bow nine times to the earth, and each time knock
heads. Some have declined the ceremony. Others,
though little the}' gained, have ko-tou d to the celestial
Autocrat, Anglice, they cottoned to him.]
"THE MARROW CONTROVERSY." — Allusion is
made to this controversy in a note to Alex. Car-
lyle's Autobiography , p. 40. Where will I 6nd a
detailed account of it ? The cause of it, Fisher's
Marrow of Modern Divinity, I have long pos-
sessed. A. IRVINE.
Fivemiletown.
[Fisher's Marrow of Modern Divinity, was published
in 1646, 8vo, and about eighty years after was the occa-
sion of a keen controversy in the Kirk of Scotland. In
1720, it was reprinted by the Rev. James Hogg, and ex-
cited the attention of the General Assembly, by which
many passages in it were condemned, and the ministers
ordered to warn their people against reading it. Fisher's
sentiments are highly Calvinistical, and his work was
defended by Thomas Boston, Ebenezer Erskine, and
others, known by the name of " Marrow Men." For some
particulars of this schism consult An Historical Account
of the Rite and Progress of the Secession, by John Brown
of Haddingtou; The Life of Ralph Erskine, prefixed to
his Works, and the article SECKDEBS in the Encyclopaedia
Sritannica, seventh edition.]
THE ADDRESS TO THE MUMMY. — Has it been
ascertained who was the author of the celebrated
"Address to the Mummy in Belzoni's Exhibition?"
Whenever I have met with these lines, they have
always been described as the production of some
writer unknown. I observed, however, lately, a
verse quoted from them at the head of an article
on " Burial in Vaults," in the Mirror, vol. xv.
p. 325, and beneath the verse the name of Horace
Jsmith was given as that of the writer. Can any
t your correspondents throw any li«ht on the
authorship of that very clever production ?
F. C. H.
" The Address to a Mummy" is by Horace Smith,
f. 11, 8vo' 1846 ] 8taDZa8' See hi! P°etical
Bcpltcsf.
COVERD ALE'S BIBLE.
(3rd S. i. 433.)
I beg to thank the editor of " N. & Q." and
MR. OFFOR for their notes, and I hasten to correct
an error into which my first cursory examination
led me. I regret to say this copy is not quite so
perfect as I thought. It wants four leaves, which
contain a part of Zechariah and Malachi. My
copy certainly differs from the description of that
edition of Coverdale's Bible given by MR. OFFOR,
in the points mentioned by him. In mine the
Apocrypha is printed at the end of the Old Testa-
ment; the initial letters have no part of the Dance
of Death ; the Book of Esther ends on fol. cxx., not
on page 230, and the title to the New Testament,
which has no red letters, is simply this : —
" The newe testament in english | translated after the
Greke I contayning these bookes,"
and then follows on the same page the list of the
Books.
But I wish for some proof that it is a reprint
of Tyndale's Bible, and therefore would ask —
1. Where is there a copy of Tyndale's Bible, 4to,
1537, with which I may compare mine ? 2. On
what, positive, not merely negative or conjectural,
evidence is it held that this volume was printed
at Antwerp, and not where it professes to be, at
St. Thomas's Hospital, Southwark, and by Nycol-
son ? 3. If it be a reprint of Tyndale, of what
earlier edition is it the reprint, and in what library
is there a copy ?
I have had no opportunity of collating it with
any edition of the Old Testament by Tyndale, but
if 'Mr. Walter's collation be correct ("N. & Q."
1st S. v. 109) it does not agree entirely with his
version. Mr. Walter, on Gen. xli. 7, gives the
version thus : " Tyndale, And see here is his
dream ; Coverdale, And saw that it was a dream."
But my volume has, " And se it was a dreame"
One thing, however, is certain, that it is not a re-
print of the first edition of Tyndale's New Testa-
ment ; for, by the kindness of Francis Fry, Esq.,
F.S.A., I have been enabled to compare it with
a leaf of his facsimile of that edition, and I find
that the versions are quite different. In only six
verses, St. Matt. viii. 9-14, there are no less than
fourteen variations, many of them very impor-
tant.
One or two notes may interest some of your
readers. 1. At the beginning of the Almanack
it is said, "The yeare hath xii. monethes, lii.
weekes and one daye. And it hath in all iii. C.
and Ixvi. dayes and vi. houres."
2. In " the prologe to the reader," Myles Co-
verdale says, " And to helpe me herin I have
had sodry traslacyos not only in latyn but also of
the Dutch [sic] interpreters." In other editions
it was "Douche." (Cf. "N. & Q." 1" S. v. 153.)
3rd S. II. JULY 6, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
11
3. The disputed verse, 1 Job. v. 7, is printed in
a smaller type, and placed between brackets.
4. The initial capital letter P. of many of the
Epistles of St. Paul, and of the 1st of St. Peter, has
three figures within it, representing a schoolmaster,
as it seems, whipping a girl, who is kneeling be-
tween his knees, with a huge birch-rod, whilst
another girl or boy is looking on, and apparently
is either expecting or suffering from the same dis-
cipline. E. A. D.
MR. JUSTICE HEATH.
(3rd S. i. 208, 276.)
Having observed in " N. & Q." some time ago,
a notice from one of your correspondents, in-
viting information as to the place of burial, and
other particulars of the late Mr. Justice Heath,
I have much pleasure in referring to my early
recollections of him ; and as I have been assisted
in my inquiries respecting him by the kind com-
munications of a friend, a lady, a relative of his
who knew him well, and who shares with myself
a pleasant recollection of the old judge, I am in
hopes that the following notice of him may not be
uninteresting. Mr. Justice Heath died on Jan. 17,
1816, and was buried at Hayes, in Middlesex,
where he had resided with his sister many years
in the intervals of his professional occupations.
The parish register states that he was buried the
27th day of Jan. 1816 (sic), and that he was 80
years of age, — an account strangely at variance
with the following inscription upon a flat stone
placed at the north door of the church : —
" Here lieth the remains
of John Heath, Esqre.,
thirty-seven j^ears One of the Judges of
the Court of Common Pleas,
i Obiit 23d Jany, 1817 (sic),
^Etatis 85."
If this statement of the long period of his ser-
vices upon the judicial bench be correct, pro-
bably it has never been exceeded by any other
judge, and any information from your legal corre-
spondents as to this fact would be welcome.
For the following account of the judge, I am
obliged to his relative alluded to above : " After
the death of his unmarried sister, who lived with
him, which took place at their residence, No. 36
Bedford Square, I passed many hours with him
for several days, and about six months afterwards
I went to stay some days with him at Hayes in
very bleak winter weather. I believe that he was
then 83 years old. In the morning he would take
a ride on Hillingdon Heath, to harden himself, as
he told me, for his winter campaign (meaning his
work in town and on circuit), and in the middle
of the day he would take me a drive in his chariot.
I found him a'very agreeable companion, different
as our ages were. In the spring I saw him again
in London ; he was suffering greatly with the
gout, but I do not think he had given up the pro-
fession. His sister used to tell me that he was
determined to die in harness, and so I believe he
did. He died suddenly (I think at Hayes, in his
bed). A foolish story was in the paper of his
dropping down suddenly in Russell Square while
talking to Sir Vicary Gibbs about some dinner
engagement ; not a word of it true. I was away
from London at the time of his death.
" The Judge never would be knighted ; having
no wife to insist that he should spend the 100^.
in taking that honour, we used to suppose that
was the reason ; he is the only Judge now known
who has avoided it, so he appears in the judicial
lists as John Heath, Esq. He was a great friend,
I have heard, of Lord Thurlow. His father was
a mercantile man, and alderman of Exeter, second
brother to my grandfather, Benjamin Heath, who
was a very learned barrister, and latterly town
clerk of Exeter. The Judge's father had some
share of learning too, having made a Commentary
on Job, which, as he had three wives, rather
made his memory laughed at by the giddy young
ones in after times. To recur to Judge Heath :
I have heard from his sister that he used to say,
' where I die there I will be buried ; ' meaning, I
suppose, that if he should die on the circuit, he
would not be removed."
When I was a youth living in my father's home
at Hayes, it was my good fortune to meet the
Judge not unfrequently at my father's table.
They were very good friends, and had a great
regard for each other. He was always a welcome
guest ; full of anecdote, chiefly of a professional
cast; and if his stories were sometimes more
racy than refined, we must recollect what was
the taste of his day. I perfectly remember his
mentioning an adventure in which he was en-
gaged as a second in a duel between two law-
yers. When they met to give and receive satis-
faction, one of the principals, when the pistol was
placed in his hand, trembled to such a degree
that the pistol went off and shot off his own great
toe ; upon which he, the second, interposed, de-
claring that enough had been done for honour's
sake. Of his merits and qualities as a Judge I
cannot presume to offer any opinion. If he was,
as I have been told was the case, severe in his
sentences, as a friend and neighbour he was kind,
charitable, and good-natured. This was put to
the test on one occasion, when having hired four
black horses to take him the Home Circuit, a day
or two before he started some thieves cut off all
the hair from their tails. The Judge, more
amused than irritated, sent to a barber in London
for false tails, which answered the purpose per-
fectly well. His death was very sudden, and his
old housekeeper, who had lived with him for a
great number of years, died as suddenly in her bed
12
NOTES AND QUERIES.
S. II. JOLT 5, 'C2.
a year or two before her master. Speaking of
this and other old servants, I well remember, when
a lady was congratulating him upon his having
such old domestic friends about him, his saying
that there was not one of them who would not
leave him directly if they could get three guineas
a year more wages. Another of his opinions I
well remember. " Never bring your son up in
the profession of the law, unless he is in constitu-
tion as strong as a horse."
Mr. Justice Heath had the largest crops of
hay in the parish. His evidence in these days
upon the great sewage question would have been
very valuable. He was a liberal subscriber to
the Hayes parish school, but it was on this con-
dition,— that he should have the sole right to the
liquid manure which resulted from that valuable
institution ; this he rigidly enforced ; and his
crops of grass, though very coarse, were enor-
mous. I believe that his example was not fol-
lowed by any of the farmers in the neighbour-
hood. R. W. BLENCOWE.
PHILIPS' [NOT "PHILLIPS'S: CEREALIA.
(3rd S. i. 452.)
^ This Query may be termed one of the curiosi-
ties of "N. & Q."; an amusing, if not interesting,
collection of which will no doubt some day be
published. The querist, commencing with mis-
spelling the author's name, gives a garbled extract
from a rare poem, written in a peculiar inflated
classical bombast — in fact, in burlesque of the
style of Milton ; and, without giving either ante-
ceding or succeeding contexts, modestly says he
" shall be thankful for a brief exposition."
As some fellow-readers may vainly annoy their
brains with this blind puzzle, I shall explain it
for their benefit, without reference to the querist.
The scene of Cerealia is laid in Olympus, just
as Fame arrives bringing to Jove the news of the
battle of Blenheim. Bacchus calls for a mighty
bumper of nectar, to toast the heroic victors.
Ceres, producing some barley, indignantly asserts,
that as the battle was won by ale-drinking Bri-
tons, in ale alone should the victors' healths be
drunk; and ultimately gains her point. In the
course of her speech, Ceres describes an English
hearth, with black pots of laughing ale gaily pas-
sing round it ; while on a board, as large as
Arthur s Round Table, reclines a sirloin of beef—
Meet paragon for some Pancbsean hill." Then
lows the passage, which the querist has muti-
lated ; but I here give entire.
" Thus Britain's hardy sons, of rustic mould,
•tient of arms, still quash th' aspiring Gaul,
X™ iS^1"3" bo°" =which »hen they slightly prize,
Should they, with high defence of triple bras^i
^ ide-c.rchng, live immured (a3 erst was tried
acon s charms, on which the sickening moon
Look'd wan, ami cheerless mewM her crescent horns
Whilst Demogorpon heard his stern behest),
Thrice the prevailing power of Gallia'* arms
Should there resistless ravage, as of old
Great Pharamond. the founder of her fame,
Was wont, when first his marshal'd peerage pass'd
The subject Rhene."
There certainly can be no mystery here. The
passage maybe rendered as follows: — Britain's
hardy sons, blest with the boon (beer) of Ceres,
always conquer the French. But if the Britons
give up drinking beer, and attempt to defend
themselves with walls of triple brass, such as
Bacon tried to make, they (the Britons) will be
thrice ravaged by the French ; as, of old, Phara-
mond, the founder of France's fame, was used to
ravage the ancient Gauls when he crossed the
Rhine. Every one knows the story of " Frier
Bacon," and the brazen walls he attempted to
make by his magical art ; but if anyone does not,
let him at once procure Thorn's Early English
Prose Romances, and I envy him the treat he will
enjoy.
Having disposed of the exposition our querist
required, I now approach a very remarkable mat-
ter, which I wish to treat as seriously as possible.
It is pretty well known that there are persons at
the present day, who, if they cannot find sermons
in stones, manage to discover prophecies in every-
thing. Now, tried by the strictest canons appli-
cable to prophecy, the above ale-inspired lines
form a more curious and complete prediction than
any that the modern prophecy-mongers have yet
discovered. It would require little less than a
dissertation ;: to point out the various concealed
meanings in this wonderful prophecy, but a few
words must suffice. Prophetically explained, the
lines signify that when Britons become teetotal-
lers, and attempt to defend themselves with
iron-plated ships, they will be thrice ravaged as
Pharamond ravaged the ancient Gauls. Observe
the introduction of Pharamond's name here, and
the mystical number three. The uncle of a cer-
tain potentate was called the second Pharamond,
and the nephew is the third of his dynasty. That
ships, and not walls, are meant, is clear from the
next succeeding lines : —
" . . What though Britannia boasts
Herself a world, with ocean circumfused ?
'Tis ale that warms her sons t'assert her claim,
And with full volley makes her naval tubes
Thunder disastrous doom to opponent powers."
Some sceptics may say that brazen walls have
nothing to do with iron-plates ; but they must
consider the money — vulgo diet, brass — they cost.
I need scarcely point out the significant allusion
of crossing the Rhine, thereby meaning another
piece of water. Nor need I observe that, strictly
speaking, our old form of cannon could not be
termed " naval tubes," as our modern guns can be
designated.
S. II. JULY 5, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
13
But lest any one be needlessly alarmed, I must
in conclusion say, that there is no present danger.
For the predicted invasions and ravages are
not to take place till Britons lightly prize the
beer of Ceres, until, in short, our noble volunteers
despise pale ale — to all present appearances, a con-
summation most unlikely ever to take place.
WILLIAM PINKERTON.
Hounslow.
"A HUNDRED SONNETTS," ETC. (3rd S. i. 401.) —
MR. COLLIER, in his interesting notes from the
Register of the Stationers' Company, alludes to a
work licensed in 1593 with this title, on which
he remarks : " We never saw any copy of a work
so entitled : if it now exist, it has not fallen in
our way."
Is it possible that the author never carried out
his intention, and that the identical manuscript
may have been that published, under the title of
Ancient Devotional Poetry, by the Religious Tract
Society in 1846? The facsimiles given in the
Introduction, and the opinion of those conversant
in such matters, refer this beautiful MS. to the
period indicated, and the work itself answers to
the description given, as it contains 106 devotional
poems, by far the greater part of which are " Son-
nets." The subjoined specimen will give a good
idea of the spirit of the whole. It is numbered
"I.
" Up, sluggish Soule, awake, slumber no more,
This is no time to sleepe in sin secure ;
If once the Bridegroome passe and shutt the dore
^no entrance will be gaind, thou maist be sure.
Now thou art up, fill up thy lampe with oile ;
hast thee and light it at the fire of loue ;
Watch, and attend ; what is a little toile
To gain thee entrance to the ioies aboue?
Go, greete the Bridegroome with low reuerence,
humbly -with patience waite upon his grace ;
Follow his steppes with loue and diligence,
leaue all for Him, and only Him embrace. '
So shalt thou with Him, enter into rest,
and at his heauenlie table sit and feast."
DOUGLAS ALLFORT.
QUOTATION REFERENCES, ETC. (3rd S. i. 449.) —
The quotations which r. wishes to verify, are for
the most part so loosely translated, that it is no
easy matter to identify them. Those familiar
with the works of St. Augustin, especially, will
be aware how often the same thought occurs in
the saint's writings, with some variation in the
phraseology. A more elaborate search might be
successful in most of the passages required ; but
as r. is anxious for early answers, perhaps he will
accept the following, which are all that I have
been able at present to verify.
No. 6. " God hath made the rich for the poor, and the
poor for the rich . . . ."
This must refer, I think, to the following : —
" Fecit Deus pauperem, ut probet hominem : et fecit
Deus divitem, ut probet ilium de paupere." — In Psalm.
cxxiv. Enarrat. infine.
No. 7. " Think of Austin what you please ; as long as
my conscience accuseth me not with God, 1 will give you
leave to think what you will."
" Senti de Augustino quitiquid libet, sola me in oculis
Dei conscientia non accuset." — Lib. contra Secund.
Munich.
No. 8. " St. Augustine doth well define predestination ;
it is an ordaining to salvation, and a preparing of all
means thereto."
" Haec est Prsedestinatio sanctorum, nihil aliud; prse-
scientia scilicet et praeparatio beneficiorum Dei, quibus
certissime liberantur, quicumque liberautur." — De Dono
PerseverantitB, c. xxv.
No. 10. " St. Austin was once of this mind, that
people were not to be forced."
" Ad fidem quidemnullus estcogendus invitus." — Con-
tra Ep. Petiliani Donatistte, lib. ii. c. Ixxxiii.
No. 15. " As St. Cyprian saith, ' We carry as much
from God as we bring vessels.' "
" Nostrum tantum sitiat pectus et pateat. Quantum
illuc fidei capacis afferimus, tantum gratiae inundantis
haurimus." — Epist. I. ad Donation.
No. 28. " St. Bernard pitched his hope on charitatem
adoptionis, the love of God in making him his child; and
veritatem promissionis, the truth of God in performing his
promise."
" Tria igitur considero, in quibus tota spes mea con-
sistit, charitatem adoptionis, veritatem promissionis,
potestatem redditionis." — Serm. III. de 8 panibus.
F. C. H.
4. " Saith St. Austin, I dare say that it is profitable
for some men to fall: they grow more holy by their
slips."
Cf. Bp. Taylor's Serm., " Of Lukewarmness and
Zeal," Pt. i. : —
" How mam* severe persons, virgins and widows, are
so pleased with their chastity, and their abstinence even
from lawful mixtures, that they fall into a worse, — Pride;
insomuch, that 1 remember St. Austin said, audeo dicere
superbis contiuentibus expedit cadere, they that are chaste
and proud, it is sometimes a remedy for them to fall into
sin ... it is not a cure that men may use, but God per-
mits it sometimes with greater safety through His wise
conduct and over-ruling Providence ; St. Peter was safer
by his fall (as it fell out in the event of things), than by
his former confidence. Man must never cure a Sin by a
Sin; but He that brings good out of our evil, .He can
when He please." — Discourses, Lond. 1817, vol. i. p. 225.
11. "Cathedram habet in Ccelo, qui corda docet in
terris." — St. Augustin in 1 Epist. St. Johan. Tr. iii.
§ 13. Cf. also St. Augustin, De Disciplina Christiana.
I fear this reply is too late to be of any use to
r. ; but I send it, as the Queries were published
in " N. & Q." EIRIONNACH.
DR. JOSEPH BROWNE (3rd S. i. 465.)— For the
"Country Parson's Honest Advice," he was, on
May 30, 1706, sentenced to pay a fine of 40 marks
and to stand in the pillory. On November 14
following, he was, for his letter to Secretary
Harley, find 40 marks, and ordered to stand in
the pillory twice. We take him to have been the
14
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[8rd S. II. JULY 5, '62.
Joseph Browne of Jesus College, Cambridge, who
proceeded M.B. in 1695. We cannot find that he
took the degree of M.D., although he assumed the
title. In the Bodleian Catalogue he is called
D.D., but he was certainly a physician. In addi-
tion to the two works before mentioned, he wrote
and edited the following : —
"Lecture of Anatomy against' the Circulation of the
Blood. Read publicly at Exeter Exchange the sixth of
November last past." Lond. 4to. [1698.]
" Mayernii Opera Medica complectantia Consilia, Epis-
tolas et Observationes, Phannacopoeam,' variasque Medi-
camentorutn formulas." Lond. fo. 1701, 1703.
" Treatise on the Blood . . . 1701, 1708."
" The Modern Practice of Physick vindicated, and the
Apothecaries cleared from the groundless Imputations of
Dr. Pitt. With a Letter to bir J. Floyer concerning the
further Use of Cold Baths." Lond. 8vo. 1703, 1704, 1705.
" The Reviewer Reviewed .... 1705."
" The Moon Calf; or Accurate Reflections on the 'Con-
solidator.' Giving an Account of some Remarkable
Transactions in the Lunar World. Transmitted hither in
a Letter to a Friend. By the Man in the Moon." (Anon.)
[1705.]
" Specimens of a new Translation of Horace into Eng-
lish Verse .... 170 .."
" A Vindication of his Translation of Horace [from
the Animadversions of De Foe in the Review.] .
170 . . "
" A Dialogue between Church and No Church : or a
Rehearsal of the Review. Containing many necessary
Reflections on the State of Affairs both at Home and
Abroad." A periodical on a half-sheet 4to, commenced
in April, 1706.
" Volpone or the Fox: by Way of Fable, very appli-
cable to the present Times (Anon.)" Lond. 4to. 1706.
" An Account of the wonderful Cures perform'd bv the
Cold Baths." Lond. 12° [1707.]
" Works." Lond. 2 Vols. 8vo. 1715.
" A Practical Treatise of the Plague." Lond. 8vo.
1720.
"Antidotaria: or, a Collection of Antidotes against
the Plague aud other malignant Diseases." Lond. 8vo.
1721.
He continued the Examiner after Swift, Prior,
Atterbury, Oldsworth, and Mrs. Manley had
ceased to contribute to it. His portrait is pre-
fixed to his Treatise on the Blood. We shall be
glad of other particulars respecting him and his
works. C. H. & THOMPSON COOPER.
Cambridge.
" I ! A s r. CANOE^E
having been brought „ .„ „. _ ^., „
may ^be as well to complete the exculpation of
G. Wakefield's connexion therewith by assigning
the Ranee Canoree to its real author — that re-
markable character, John Oswald, alias Sylvester
Otway, originally an officer in the British service,
and one of Scotia's minor bards. Oswald had a
crotchet that it was unlawful to shed the blood of
animals, which he picked up while on military
service in India; and by consequence, a rigid
vegetarian, who, when dining in company would
eat the potato and leave the chop (Lives of Scot-
tish Poets). He was, however, a fierce democrat ;
(3rJS. i. 516.)— This book
t to notice in " N. & Q.," it
and by his political writings and example con-
tributed greatly to the eflusion of the blood of
his fellow-creatures by maintaining the principles
of the French Revolution. Oswald here showed
that he was no theorist by sacrificing his own
and the lives of his two sons in this murderous
struggle.
I nave, among others, his book entitled —
" The Cry of Nature ; or an Appeal to Mercy and
Justice on behalf of the Persecuted Animals. By J. O.,
Member of the Club des Jacobins." Lond. 12mo. 1791.
It has a frontispiece, representing a slaughtered
fawn mourned over by the parent doe ; and one
of the fair sex, in the costume of Eve before the
fall. J. O.
SABK (3rd S. i. 507.)— The article referred to
by A CONSTANT READER is probably that entitled
" A Week's Imprisonment in Sark," which ap-
peared last year in the Cornhill Magazine (vol.
iv., No. 23, p. 537). Your correspondent will also
find much information, both scientific and histori-
cal, of a popular character, in a little work en-
titled Rambles among the Channel Islands, by a
Naturalist, published by the Society for Promot-
ing Christian Knowledge. WILLIAM KELLY.
Leicester.
LAE-CHOW ISLANDS (3rd S. i. 506.) — Your cor-
respondent will find a full account of these islands,
containing the statement he refers to, in a work
entitled Narrative of an Expedition to the Polar
Sea, in the Years 1820, 1821, 1822, and 1823, by
Major Wrangell ; translated from the German by
Mrs. Sabine, and edited by Major Edward Sabine,
London, 1840. They are called Liichow, the
name of an enterprising merchant, who discovered
them about the year 1770. See pp. ciii. and
cxxix. of the Introduction to the above-mentioned
work. C. T.
THE BLANSHARDS (3rd S. i. 408.) — In answer
to R. B. P., there was a family of the name thus
spelt, resident at Scalby, in the parish of Black-
toft, near Howden, in the reign of Anne. William
Blanshard, of Scalby, then living, married a sister
of Robert Leadani of Beverley, gent., and left
issue : —
1. William Blanshard; 2. John Blanshard, of
Escrick, died, s. p., 1730-1 ; 3. Robert Blanshard,
of Beverley, tanner, an alderman and mayor of
the town in 1760. He died, *. p., Jan. 18, 1774,
aged 56, and was buried in the great north tran-
sept of the Minster. He was possessed of landed
property in Scalby, Blacktoft, and several other
places in the East Riding, most of which he left
to his nephew, Phineas Ellis, of Beverley ; Eliza-
beth, married John Ellis ; Mary. A. S. ELLIS.
BLAKE FAMILY (3rd S. i. 423.)— Perhaps the
following Notes concerning the Blakes may in-
terest SI'AL., especially as he seems desirous of
3rd S. II. JULY 5, 'G2.]
NOTES AND QUEKIES.
15
learning anything about Humphrey Blake, next
brother'of the Admiral or his descendants.
In Asholt church, co. Somerset, is a memorial
to Humphrey Blake, the elder, of Over Stowey,
gent., who died June 1665, and Humphrey Blake,
his son, who predeceased him September ^1664 ;
and in the chancel, another to Rev. Nicholas
Blake, M.A., thirty-five years rector, who died
Nov. 1705. In Collinson's History of Somerset-
shire, i. 245, I find that Robert Blake, Esq.,
afterwards Admiral of England, held the manor
of Tuxwell, in the parish of Spaxton, with lands
in Spaxton, Asholt, Over and Nether Stowey,
35th Eliz. Collinson errs, of course, in identi-
fying this Robert as the Admiral. In the reign
of Philip and Mary, George Sidenhara and Henry
Becher held Tuxwell, when the former had a
licence to alienate the premises to Humphrey
Blake.
In the church of the'adjoining parish of Over
Stowey are two monuments to the Blakes, one
commemorating John Blake, jun., of Court House,
in this parish, gent., who died May 2, 1723, aged
32; and John Rich, gent., who died May llth,
1747, aged 33, with the arms Arg. a chevron
between 3 garbs, and crest, a chough, sa ; the
other, Humphrey Blake of Over Stowey, clothier,
who died March 1619, and Anne his wife, died
December 1645.
Of this family was the late Dr. Robert Blake,
of Over Stowey, who left two sons, Rev. Robert
Blake, incumbent of St. Paul's, Bristol, and Rev.
John Blake, vicar of Bishop's Lydeard, near
Taunton, both of whom, I believe, died s. p.
A. S. ELLIS.
JACOB AND JAMES (3rd S. i. 411.) — Perhaps it
has not been observed, that in the English Prayer-
Book (1662), the 1st of May is " S. Philip and
S. Jacob" while the 25th of July is " S. James."
This is the case both in " Table of Proper Les-
sons," the list of " Feasts that are to be ob-
served," and the Calendar ; while the heading of
the Collect is " S. Philip and S. James1 Day."
I take this from Reeling's Liturgies Britannicce ;
in the ordinary Prayer-Books the printers have
altered the form.
Did the m creep into " James " through the
form " Jachimo," or is it independent ? S. C.
THE REYNOLDSES (3rd S. i. 356.)— F.R. R. has
confused two distinct persons. The Dr. John
Reynolds, or Rainolds, who attended the Hamp-
ton Court Conference in 1603, was by no means
identical with the Dr. Edward Reynolds, who
became Bishop of Norwich in 1660, and after-
wards, in 1661, attended the Savoy Conference.
There is a notice of John Reynolds in Fuller's
Abel Redivivus; and, as he was a Devonshire
man, the histories of that county probably give
some account of his family. S. C.
AEROLITES (2"d S. xii. 194.) — &O2 does mean
to create out of nothing. A. Z. Q.
HOOKER'S " ECCLESIASTICAL POLITY " (3rd S. i.
361, 362.) — MB. COLLIER evidently does not un-
derstand the question about Hooker's later books.
No one doubts that Hooker wrote three (not
merely two, as Mr. C. says) concluding books —
vi. vii. viii. — to his great work; but what men
doubt is, whether the fragments we have are what
Hooker wrote. It is known that his study was
pillaged ; so that if vi. vii. viii. are his, they are
at best but the rough copies, mended perhaps by
some friendly hand. MR. COLLIER is severe ou
those who have been positive without search. But
he, without search, is just as positive that Hooker
registered " eight books as completed." That the
title-page of the first edition expressed eight books
everybody knew, because Hooker intended to ex-
tend the whole work to eight books ; anybody
also who looked beyond the title-page knew that
Hooker at the end of the fourth book, and again
at the end of the fifth book, asked patience of his
readers, and explained why the whole was not
printed at once, — of course because he had not
then finished the whole. Does MR. COLLIER sup-
pose that the last three books were lying complete
at the printer's for years before the author's death,
without being put into type ? Has he never read
in Walton's Life of Hooker that this, the comple-
tion of his work, was what Hooker wished to live
for, and that be just completed it before his death,
though, as before said, the last fruit of his labours
was well nigh lost by the plundering of his study
after his death ? I am sure I do not wish to say
a word disrespectful to MR. COLLIER, but he should
not have been so hasty to parade a discovery
which is no discovery at all ; nor should he have
censured others for carelessness, when he has been
so careless himself. A. Z. Q.
HUNTER'S MOON (3rd S. i. 224, 334.)— May it
not be called hunter's moon, because about the
time of that moon hunting begins ? As harvest
moon is probably called so from occurring about
harvest time, and being valuable to harvesters, so
may it be with the moon that succeeds it.
J. C. S.
THE REV. JAS. GRAY (3rd S. i. 409.) — Your
correspondent from Glasgow will find in the Life
of the Rev. Robert Story, of Roseneath, notice of
some verses by Mr. Gray, entitled " A Sabbath
in the Mountains," written after a visit to Rose-
neath. Z.
~ SHORTENED PROVERBS (2nd S. xii. 298.) — PRO-
FESSOR DE MORGAN has mentioned several pro-
verbs, of which a part only of each is now in use.
Here are others : —
" Charity begins at home, but should not end
there."
16
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. JULY o, '62.
"He's like a fox, grey before he's good."
" Hell is full of good meanings and wishes, but
heaven is full of good works."
"Hunger will break through stone walls, or
anything else, except Suffolk cheese."
" Make not a toil of a pleasure, as the man said
when he buried his wife."
" Plain dealing's a jewel, but they that use it die
beggars."
"Possession is eleven points of the law, and
they say there are but twelve."
" Seeing's believing, but feeling's the truth."
" The more the merrier, the fewer the better
cheer."
"Choke up child, the churchyard's nigh."
(With which take another, " If you drink in your
pottage, you'll cough in your grave.")
" Live and learn, die and forget all."
Other proverbs commonly quoted incorrectly
might be given, as
" To be tossed from post to pillar," instead of
"to pillory." J. P.
GOSSAMER (3rd S. i. 403, 458.) —The hold which
the fable of the origin of these webs had on the
minds of the vulgar is shown by the persistent use
of the name Mary in Marien-Fdden, Mariengarn,
and Marien-sommer (Nativ. V. M., 8th Sept.), as
quoted by W. BELL. The French name also is
Fil de la Bonne Vierge. Hence, and as all these
religious fables were necessarily widely known, it
appears to me that gaze a Marie, Eng. gauze 6"
Mary, is a more likely derivation of gossamer than
any yet proposed. The old spellings of gossamour
and gossamore perhaps show the tendency to em-
phasize the last syllable, and as equivalent to
love-down (amour Fr., and amore Ital.) they are
worth notice, as exemplifying the fanciful and
euphuistic etymologies of Holofernes and others
of his day. BENJ. EASY.
NEVISON THE FREEBOOTER (3rd S. i. 428.) —
EBORACUM wishes for any information respecting
this noted robber. In 1657, the estate and manor
of Harewood and Gawthorpe passed into the
hands of Sir John Cutler, whom Pope has satirised
in his Moral Essays (Ep. iii.) —
" Cutler saw tenants break and houses fall,
For very want he could not build a wall ;
His only daughter in a stranger's power,
For very want he could not pay a dower," &c.
This, as I have shown in my history of this
neighbourhood, is a most unjust and unfounded
accusation, although reiterated by Maude in his
Verbeia, and Pennant. Tradition says, however,
that Sir John was very penurious, and on one occa-
sion, being out in the park, he was nearly pounced
upon by Nevison. A noted oak was formerly
shown near to old Gawthorpe Hall, under which the
knight was reclining, when Nevison sallied out of
a neighbouring wood, having been on the watch
for some days; but Sir John, suspecting the
nature of the visit, made a forced march, and in a
critical moment secured his retreat into the house.
His narrow escape, and the fact of his enormous
wealth having attracted Nevison to this neigh-
bourhood on several occasions, induced Sir John
to quit Gawthorpe Hall, and he took a cottage in
the village, where, attended by his servant, a man
of similar habits to his own, he lived secure from
the dread of attack. JOHN JONES.
Authentic particulars respecting him may be
found in Depositions from the Castle of York,
relating to Offences committed in the Northern
Counties in the seventeenth Century (edited by the
Rev. James Raine for the Surtees Society, 1861),
219—221, 259—262. Lord Macaulay (Hist, of
England), and Mr. C. J. D. Ingledew (Ballads
and Songs of Yorkshire, 125), call him William.
His real name was John. They also refer his
execution to the year 1685. According to Mr.
Raine he was executed in May 1684.
C. H. COOPER.
Cambridge.
RELATIVE VALUE OF MONET (3rd S. i. 395.) —
MR. KEIGHTLET seems somewhat to have mis-
understood my statistics. That gentleman says
(p. 145) : "They (i.e. MR. MERRYWEATHER and
myself) " spoke in general of ordinary farm horses
in remoter parts of the country, I of good road-
sters .... What I said of prices applied
only to London and its vicinity, with a radius of
say, thirty to fifty miles."
This is a misconception. My illustrations were
not confined to plough-horses or cart-horses. I
gave instances of the value put upon all the
horses possessed by a very wealthy squire of
Bucks, i.e. his own and his farm horses. As the
Michael Hampden of Hartwell and that ilk, from
whose inventory my extracts were taken, lived in
that part of the county which is so well known by
the name of " the Vale," he must have hunted.
In the " sorrell geldinge " and the " graye mare,"
we have the squire's hunters and their values ;
and as most hunters make good hacks, we have
in them and the " hobbye," the squire's roadsters
also, and their prices.
The " horse colte " was no doubt also the
squire's own horse, and was coming on. Hart-
well, the squire's residence, is no more than about
forty odd miles from London. H. C. C.
BOARD OF TRADE (3rd S. 5. 485.)—
" Cromwell seems to have given the first notions of a
board of Trade: in 1655 he appointed his son Richard,
with many Lords of his Council, Judges, and gentlemen,
and about" twenty merchants of London, York, Newcastle,
Yarmouth, Dover, &c., to meet and consider by what
means the trade and navigation of the republic might be
beat promoted."— Thomas » Note* of the Rolls (quoted in
Haydn's Diet, of Dates.)
There appear to have been at the commence-
3rd S. II. JULY 5, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
17
ment of Charles II.'s reign two distinct Councils,
— the Council for Trade, and the Council for
Foreign Plantations, — the institutions of that
monarch, which in 1672 became a united Council
for Trade and Plantations. This, however, ceased
after a few years, the duties of the Board de-
volving on the Privy Council. After having been
re-established in 1695, it was abolished in 1782.
The date of its present constitution is 1786.
F. PHILLOTT.
PARODIES ON GRAY'S ELEGY (3rd S. i. 197,
355.) — Let me add two additional parodies of
" Gray's Elegy," taken from The Spirit of the
Public Journals, as before named. The first is
"An Elegy written in Poets' Corner, West-
minster Abbey." The ^ following are its first two
stanzas : —
" Now sinks the hum confus'd of busy Care,
And solemn Eve begins her placid reign ;
Mild Contemplation muses on the air,
And Silence bends before the vestal train.
" In this cold solitude, this awful shade,
Where sleeps the lyre of many a tuneful breath;
The ghastly shroud, and dust-disturbing spade,
Invite the shuddering thought to gloom and Death."
Vol. vi. p. 131.
The second is of a very different order ; it ridi-
cules the proceedings consequent on Sir Francis
Burdett's imprisonment, and the legal decisions
against him. It is entitled " An Elegy written
in Westminster Hall," and is copied " from the
Morning Post, May 20, 1811." I transcribe the
first, and two or three other stanzas : —
" The Judges toll the knell of Burdett's fame,
The rabble-rout disperse with lack of glee;
The Counsel homeward plod, just as they came,
And leave the Hall to darkness and to me.
"For me no more the naming press shall teem,
Nor busy printers ply their evening care;
No patriots flock to propagate my theme,
Nor lick my feet the ill-got wreath to share.
" Can golden box *, though worth a hundred pound,
Back to poor Burdett bring his forfeit fame?
Can honour's voice now on his side be found,
Or flattery shield him from contempt and shame.
FROM THE " EPITAPH."
" Here hides his head, now humbled to the Earth,
A man to John Home and his faction known ; '
Fair talents never smiled upon his birth.
And Disappointment marked him for her own.
" Large were his wishes, but his lot severe,
To Tooke he owed his fortune and reverse ;
He gained from John, 'twas all his portion, shame,
John gained from him, 'twas all he wished — his
purse." — Vol. xv. p. 255.
Such extracts almost need an apology; but as
exhibiting the spirit of past times, and as having
* Proposed to be presented to him.
somewhat of literary curiosity about them, they
may be just worth inserting in the pages of
"N.&Q." X.A.X.
WHIG (3r* S. i. 436.) — tWig or whig, a sort of
cake, has nothing to do with " Wig turned up
with curls." Whig or wig is the same word as
whey — the watery portion of milk, of which the
cake was made. C. R.
SUPERSTITION (3rd S. i. 390.) — I have a refer-
ence to " N. & Q." 2nd S. v. 126, to an old trans-
lation of the passage in Cicero, and again (re-
translated and referred to) by your enlightened
and instructive correspondent EIRIONNACH, so he
is not original in his etymology. C. R.
SINGULAR CUSTOM AT GRANTHAM (?) (3rd S. i.
482.) — I believe that the paragraph forwarded by
MR. R. F. WHEELER appeared first of all in the
Grantham Journal of some weeks' back, and that
it then formed a portion of the hebdomadal supply
of intelligence relating to the little town of Bowen,
a place about twenty miles distant from the
borough within which the organ arises which
chronicles the eccentricity. Probably the Editor
of the local paper read at Whitby, North Shields,
or some other similarly responsible being before
him, had used scissors and paste without ob-
serving that the Grantham Journal takes note of
events happening in localities remote from its
native town, which, although celebrated for
" A lofty steeple and a living sign,"
(which latter is now wanting) although graced
by the Newton Monument and famed for its
manufacture of gingerbread and a peculiar kind
of biscuit called " Whetstone," has no such cus-
tom as that with which some inadvertence has
coupled its name. ST. SWITHIN.
REMAINING COVERED IN THE ROYAL PRESENCE
(3rd S. i. 208.) — With reference to a Lord King-
sale asserting his right to stand with his head
covered in the royal presence, I have to state that
John, 26th Lord Kingsale, came into the presence
of George IV. at a levee in Dublin with his head
uncovered, and his majesty at once said, "Put on
your hat, Lord Kingsale ; I like old customs."
His lordship was accompanied by his grandson,
the late Sir Andrew Agnew, who is the authority
for this anecdote. DAVID C. A. AGNEW.
Wigtown, N. B.
S.T.P. (3rd S. i. 231.)— I can answer for Scot-
land that the initials S.T.P. can be used only by
a professor — sometimes S.S.T.P. (Sacro-sanctse
theologise professor). A minister of the Gospel
sometimes adds to his name V.D.M. (verbi Dei
minister), and a Preacher, i.e. a Probationer or
Licentiate, E.C.P. (evangelii Christi predicator).
D. C. A. AGNEW.
Wigtown, N. B.
18
NOTES AND QUERIES.
S. IL JULY 5, '62.
PABACLEPTICS (3rd S. i. 464.)— The following
charm against book-stealers, which I picked up
some time since, is so awfully practical, that I
think it will come much nearer to the " busi-
ness and bosoms " of your readers, than any ap-
peal to a remoter power, however inexorable : —
" Si quitqvisfuretur
This little Libellum
Per Phcebum, per Jotem,
I'll kill him — I'll fell him —
In ventrem illius
I'll stick my scalpellum,
And teach him to steal
My little Libellum."
DOUGLAS ALLPORT.
DAMIENS' BED OF STEEL (3rd S. i. 364, 419,
479.) — I believe that Goldsmith did not indulge
in any poetical licence, but merely stated a plain
fact. Smollett, in his History of England, after
describing the first examination by torture of the
assassin at Versailles, states that he was removed
to Paris, and proceeds as follows : —
"Being conducted to the Conciergerie, an iron bed,
which likewise served for a chair, was prepared for him,
and to this he was fastened with chains. The torture was
again applied, and a physician ordered to attend to see
what degree of pain he could support," &c.
W. J. BERN HARD SMITH.
Temple.
TWINKLING or A BEDSTAFF (2"d S. vi. 347.)' —
A woodcut in Wright's Domestic Manners and
Sentiments of the Middle Ages, suggests to me
that we have not yet hit on the nature of this
instrument. Here we see the chambermaid in
the seventeenth century making use of a staff to
beat up the bedding, in the process of making the
bed. The rapid use of this implement would
quite give the idea of twinkling. Its size would
make it much more suitable for fencing, than a
mere pin, like that suggested by Johnson as used
to keep the bedding in its place. It would, in
fact, be precisely like a heavy single-stick ; and
would thus fall in with MR. BEBNHABD SMITH'S
idea at p. 487. The change from bedstaff to bed-
post is, no doubt, recent. Horace Walpole uses
the former word. VEBNA.
RABBIT (3rd S. i. 403, 490.)— With respect to
the etymologies of your two learned correspon-
dents, I confess I think " that much might be
said on both sides"; but, at the same time, I ven-
ture to state that the pronunciation of the word
in our West-country dialects, which is pretty
nearly " Herpet," suggests a connexion with the
Greek IpxtrAv, a creeper : & connexion which those
•who have observed the extraordinary affinities
between Greek and English in the nomenclature
of common objects, will scarcely deem impossible.
C. W. BlNGHAM.
Allow me to inform DB. CHANCE that in ety-
mology, letters of the same organ, as b and ;>, or
as d and t, are regarded as identical : so that the
only real difference between dapod and rabbit lay
in the first letter. For the commutability of I
and r with d and t, DR. CHANCE can only re-
member SaKpvov and lacryma ; but I think he must
have met with Cadiz and Coles, Madrid and
Madril ; and he must be aware that laisscr Fr.,
lasciare It., are dejar in Spanish ; that cicada is
cicala It., cigale Fr., hedera, ellera It., lierre Fr. ;
and that the Sicilian dialect turns the Italian II to
dd, as in Mongibeddo for Mongibetto. I cannot
remember so many instances of the commutation
of r with d and /, though I have met with many,
but I do recollect, the two following : Boccaccio
frequently uses fedire for ferire, and porfido is
the only Italian term for porphyry. I, therefore,
consider my etymology a perfectly legitimate one.
As to my assuming a syncope and apocope, it will
surprise no one acquainted with the French and
Portuguese mode of forming words from the
Latin.
I am much obliged to your correspondent who
informed me that catamaran is not the native
term for the surf-boat of Madras. It gives the
greater probability to the origin I assign to that
term. THOS. KEIGHTLET.
SERVICE " AT THE HEALING " (3rd S. i. 496.) —
The communication of X. A. X. gives the service
as in the Book of Common Prayer in the reign of
Anne.
Macaulay (vol. iii. p. 479, edit. 1859,) says that
" it was not till some time after the accession of
George I. that the University of Oxford ceased to
reprint the Office of Healing, together with the
Liturgy " — and he is therein correct.
I have before me a handsome copy of the
Liturgy, bound up with the Old and New Testa-
ments, and the title-page of each of them has —
" Oxford : Printed by John Baskett, printer to
the King's most Excellent Majesty, and to the
University, MDCCXV."
It is folio size, but the sheets are folded in
sixes ; and this service occurs on the fifth leaf of
signature I, immediately after the service for the
1st of August, on the King's Accession ; with the
close of which the service divides the first page of
the leaf, and its own close divides the second page
of the leaf with " His Majesty's Declaration," &c.,
prefixed to the Thirty-nine Articles.
The service is not noticed in the " Table of Con-
tents," which ends with the " Form of Prayer and
Thanksgiving for the 1st of August"; but, as
shown above, this service was undeniably printed
officially, in 1715, in the reign of Geo. I., as an
integral part of the Book of Common Prayer.
Some references are given by Macaulay in p. 480,
which may be added to those in " N. & Q ," 3rd S.
i. 314. LANCASTRIENSIS.
s. II. JULY 5, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
19
PETRIFIED HUMAN REMAINS (3rd S. i. 370,
437.) — The corpse referred to by ME. PARKIN,
was evidently not petrified, but simply encrusted
with a deposit from the water in which it lay, as
is the case with extraneous bodies — such as
twi^s, mosses, and birds'-nests — placed in our
so-called petrifying springs. Hathersage is in the
neighbourhood of the High Peak, about equidis-
tant from Tideswell and Castleton, where such
springs are abundant. The process is quaintly
described in Cotton's Wonders of the Peake, Lon-
don, 16 — . I quote from the fourth edition, but
am unable to give the date, the last two figures
having been carelessly ploughed off' by the binder:
" Propt round with Peasants, on you trembling go,
Whilst every step you take, your Guides do show
In the uneven rocks the uncouth shapes
Of Men, of Lions, Horses, Dogs, and Apes ;
But so resembling, each, the fancied shape,
The Man might be the Horse; the Dog, the Ape;
And straight, just in j'our way, a stone appears
Which the resemblance of a Haycock bears,
Some four foot high ; and bej'ond that, a less
Of the same Figure : which do still increase
In height, and bulk, by a continual drop
Which upon each distilling from the top,
And falling still exactly on the Crown,
There break themselves to mists, which trickling down,
Curst * into stone, and (but with leisure) swell
The sides, and still advance the miracle.
So that in time, they would be tall enough
; If there were need, to prop the hanging roof."
DOUGLAS ALLPORT.
REPRODUCTION OF OLD WITTICISMS (3rd S. i.
394.) — It may perhaps interest F. C. H. to know
that the anecdote of the asperges, is to be found
in HolcrofCs Diary as far back as 1798. On the
9th July in that year, Holcroft notes "Dined
with Phillips (Monthly Magazine.^" Amongst
others, he there meets Dr. Geddes, whom he re-
cords as being " fond of dull stories," but unfor-
tunately illustrates his observation with a very
lively anecdote ; for of Geddes he says : —
" One of his stories was of a Eomish priest, who sent
up to town to Coghlan, a Catholic bookseller, for three
hundred asparagus, which the man mistook for Asperges,
an instrument used to sprinkle holy water with. The
joke was the bookseller's distress at not being able to pro-
cure more than forty or fifty in the time, and promising
the rest."
EDWIN ROFFE.
BYE-LAW (1st S. iii. 109.) — Du Cange ex-
plains the Low-Latin word bellagines to be the
municipal laws of the Goths, and connects it with
Dan. bilage and Eng. bye-law. He gives a quo-
tation from. Jornandes, who wrote in the sixth
century : —
'I Physicam tradens, naturaliter propriis legibus vivere
fecit, quas usque nunc conscriptas, bellagines nuncupant."
De Eeb. Get. cap. ii. de Diceneo.
A. L. M.
* For crust, i. e. encrust; become encrusted; or, as
some would say, petrified.
YOUNG'S TYPE COMPOSING-MACHINE (3rd S. i.
448, 496.) — The first type composing-machine
was the invention of Mr. James Young, who died
at Dover during the autumn of last year. The
first copy of The Family Herald, dated Dec. 17,
1 842, and several following numbers, was printed
from type thus composed. A short notice, de-
scriptive of the machine, was given in the first
Herald. The writer observes : —
" The rapid composition of a given quantity in a short
period of time has been fully accomplished, and the paper
the reader has in hand was set up by two young persons
in the same space of time as would have required the
exertion of five skilled men by the ordinarj7 method."
At the head of the paper is an illustration of
the machine — the very counterpart of the one
now shown at the International Exhibition.
I have italicised " young persons " in the above
quotation, because the late Mr. G. Biggs, founder
and proprietor of The Family Herald, had his
mind set for the employment of females in the
printing office ; and the " young persons " are
females, as depicted in the engraving. After
employing the machine, worked by female labour,
for just half a year, Mr. Biggs' was obliged to
succumb to the evil threats of the Union men and
others in the trade, and abandon both projects.
Mr. Young waa also the inventor of the dis-
tributing-machine ; but the lingering illness, of
which he finally died, prevented him from taking
an active part among the great printers, and I fear
others reaped what he had sown.
G. W. SEPTIMUS PIESSE.
Chiswick.
MME. LOUISE DAURIAT (3rrt S. i. 486.) — This
lady is a native of Paris, but the year of her birth
is unknown. Her " Lectures on the Social Rights
of Women," delivered at Ranelagh, were closed
by order of the Prefet of Police, M. Franchet, as
being too liberal. Her object was announced to
be the restoration of her sex to the entire exercise
of its prerogative; and to effect this, she has
written on gymnastics, &c.
Mme. Dauriat has also written some historical
novels, and a Cours d'Histoire Religieuse et Uni-
verselle, intended to be in four volumes, but of
which only the first volume has appeared (Paris,
1828), see Querard, La France Litteraire.
J. MAC R Ay.
Oxford.
GEORGE HERBERT (3rd S. i. 249.) — George
Herbert's ode, -nyth the title "Virtue," begins : —
" Sweet day, so cool, so calm, so bright,
The Bridal of the Earth and Sky,
The Dew shall weep thy fall to-night,
For thou must dy."
The Temple, Sfc. §-c., 7th edition, p. 80,
London, 1656.
A new version was written by Bishop Home,
20
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"1 S. II. JOLT 5, '62.
and will be found in the volume containing his
"Life and Common Places." He changed the
metre : for instance, by substituting for the 4th
line of verse first —
" For thou with all thy sweets must die."
1). C. A. AGNEW.
"HURLOTHBUMBO" (3rd S. i. 411, 456.) — A
copy of the music to this play is now lying before
me. It is a thin folio of ten leaves, with the fol-
lowing title : —
"The Songs in Hurlothrumbo Compos'd by Mr. Sam1
Johnson. London : Printed for yc Author, Sold by Dan.
Wright at y° Golden Bass Violin, next yc Sun Tavern in
Holborn; P. Warmsley at yc Harp in Piccadilly, and
W. Smith at Corelli's Head ag< Norfolk Street in the
Strand."
This music is the most execrable stuff* that can
be imagined. E. F. B.
NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.
The Life of Sir Philip Sidney. By Julius Lloyd, M.A.
(Longman & Co.)
If biographers have been tardy in doing justice to that
accomplished scholar, gallant hero, skilful statesman, and
faithful Christian, Sir Philip Sidney, they seem now
ready and anxious to make amends for their former
neglect. The ink is scarcely dry in the pen with which
we called attention to Mr. Bourne's Memoir, when we
have to take it up again to record a fresh biography of
this observed of all observers. The work before us treats
rather of the man than his works — his actions rather
than his writings. It brings before us some new mate-
rials derived principally from the State Paper Office, and
records in a pleasing and graceful manner all the in-
cidents of his life. Mr. Lloyd does not fall into the com*
mon fault of biographers — the indiscriminate eulogy of
his hero; but while he admits the temptations and fail-
ings of Sidney, he justly describes him as "a genuine
patriot, a loyal lover of freedom, a brave and a wise
gentleman." Mr. Lloyd's Life of Sidney is an acceptable
addition to our biographies of English Worthies.
Of Anagrams: A Monograph treating of their History
from the Earliest Ages to the Present Time ; with an In-
troduction, containing numerous Specimens of Macaronic
Poetry; Punning Mottoes; Rhopalic, Shaped, Equivocal,
Lyon, and Echo Verses; Alliterations, Acrostics, Lipo-
grams, Chronograms, Logograms, Palindromes, Bouts
Rimes. By H. B. Wheatley. (YVilliams & Norgate.)
This extensive, and in the original quaintly printed
title-page, from the press of Austin of Hertford, describes
the contents of this amusing little volume. The author
professes, that —
" As dogs hunt rats, so would he rifle
The dustiest nooks to find a trifle," —
and he has certainly hunted with some success. The
subject is a curious one, which Sotlthey and Disraeli
amused themselves by writing chapters upon: and Mr.
Wheatley may, therefore, well be justified in going one
step beyond them, and writing a book upon it — more
especially when that book turns out to be a verv amusing
one to those who can take an interest in these quirks and
quiddities of literature.
Reminiscences Personal and Bibliographical of Thomas
Hartwell Home, B.D., F.S.A., §r. With Notes by his
Daughter, Sarah Anne Cheyne ; and a Short Introduction
by the Kev. Joseph B. M'Caul. (Longman.)
Mr. Home has been well called " the nursing father of
modern English biblical criticism " ; and this memoir of
his long and well spent, if not eventful life, is a valuable
encouragement to all to follow his example, and be per-
severing in well-doing.
History of the Parish of Ecclesfield, in the County of
York. By the Rev. J. Eastwood, M.A. (Bell & Daldy.)
Fourteen years' steady and conscientious inquiry into
the history of the church and parish of which be was the
Curate, has enabled Mr. Eastwood to produce one of the
most complete Parochial Histories which we have ever
met with. Originally undertaken without any view to
publication, inasmuch as the district had been'described
by the Rev. Joseph Hunter, the death of that gentle-
man, and the extent of Mr. Eastwood's special researches
both here and abroad, seem to call for its being made
public ; and we think students of topography will be well
pleased that the author has yielded to the " request of
friends," and given to the world the result of his long and
laborious inquiries.
BOOKS RECEIVED. —
The Chronicles of Oatlands and its Neighbourhood. A
Lecture. By Henry Gay Hewlett. (J. S. Virtue.)
A pleasant gossiping Lecture, delivered and printed
for the benefit of the Oatlands' Schools. Buy it, Reader.
The Iliad. Book I. In English Hexameters according
to Quantity. By John Murray. (Walton & Maberly.)
A fresh and interesting contribution to the Homeric
and Hexameter question.
The Crisis of Common Prayer. A Letter addressed to
the Very Rev. tlu Dean of Westminster. By William
John Blew. (C. J. Stewart.)
An able defence of the propriety of maintaining the
Prayer Book in its integrity, called forth by Lord Ebury's
proposed Bills; but which we hope are withdrawn not
tor this Session, but for all time.
Wliere shall tee Go? A Guide to tiie Watering Placet
of England, Scotland, and Ireland. With Maps and
Illustrations. Third Edition, revised and improved. (A. &
C. Black.)
It is enough to call attention to the fact, that this use-
ful Guide to Holiday Makers has reached a third edition,
which has been revised and improved.
Hints to Anglers. By Adam Dryden. Illustrated with
Maps. (A. & C. Black.)
This may be called a reply to the Angler's Query —
Where shall we go to fish ? — and contains accounts ol the
best fishing stations in Scotland, with illustrative maps.
ta
A monn other Paper* of interest, which >cf have been compelled to po*t-
pone, are Mr. Cottier'* Extracts from the Keiiintcn of the Stationers'
Company: Mr. J. O. Kichal*' The Feast of the Name of JeiUi; Jfr.
Comer' t JJuddyngton the Oman Builder, and Southwark or St. tieoiye'a
Barj Dr. fell OH Glovei: Jfr. Armistcatl on Faroe and F»irfleld; Jfr.
}iurtleti'* Forgetfulncss after Sleep; Dr. JieJx'* Families of Field and
De la Feldi Mr. Allport'.t North Devonshire Folk Lore, SfC.
:
THE INDEX TO TUB FIRST VOLUME or ran TBIBD SERIES will be iffwd
with "N. & <!•" of the 19(/i itvtant.
Tnr QENCBAI. INDEX TO THE SECOND SERIES will be ready
shortly.
ERRATCK — 3rdS.i.p. 515, col. il. note t, line 1,/or "Cmro," read
"Baro."
"NOTM AKB QDERIES " u pvbliihett at noon on Friday, and i* alto
iimed in MONTHLY PARTS. The Subscription for STAMPED COPIFI for
Six Month* forwarded direct from the Publunen (frdwling the Half-
teartu INDEX) u IK. 4d., which mat be paid by fott Office Order tn
favour Q/MEMRI. BELL AND DALDT, 18*. FLEET STREET, E.C.f to irAoro
all CoMMc.xicATioHB FOR THE EDITOR tfiouM btoddruttd.
3rd S. II. JULY 5, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
ESTABLISHED 1842.
TI7ESTERN, MANCHESTER AXD LONDON,
VV AND METROPOLITAN COUNTIES LIFE ASSURANCE
AND ANNUITY SOCIETY.
CHIEF OFFICES : S. PARLIAMENT STREET. LONDON, and
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Edm. Lucas, Esq.
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Bonamy Price, Esq., M.A.
Jas. Ljs Seager, Esq.
Thomas Matter, Esq.
John B. White, Esq.
H. E. Bicknell, Esq.
T. Somers Cocks, Esq., M.A., J.P.
Geo. H. Drew. Esq., M.A.
John Fisher, Esq.
W. Freeman, Esq.
Charles Frere, Esq.
Henry P. Fuller, Esq.
J. H. Ooodhart, Esq., J.P.
J. T. Hibbert. Esq.,M.A., M.P.
Peter Hood, Esq.
Henry Wilbraham, Esq., M.A.
Actuary. — Arthur Scratchley, M.A.
Attention is particularly invited to the VALUABLE NEW PRIN-
CIPLE by which Policies effected in this Office do NOT become VOID
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It will be observed, that the Rates of Premium are so low as to
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NOTES AND QUERIES.
21
LONDON SATURDAY, JULY 12, 1862.
CONTENTS— NO. 28.
NOTES : — The Registers of the Stationers' Company, 21 —
William Strode, 23 — Fseroe : Fair-field, Ib. — " The Times "
and Assam, 24.
MINOE NOTES:— Recovery from apparent Death — Lady
Hyndford — City — A Word -wanted — Jewelry — A Bird,
the Prelude of Death, 25
QUERIES: — Duddyngton, the Organ Maker: Organs and
Orsran Builders, 26 — John Abraham — Anonymous —
Arms on separate Shields — The Rev. Legard Blacker —
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Interments— Public Library, Dublin — Alexis St. Martin
— Sinnot and Dillon Families — Upsall — William of Dud-
ley, 26.
QUERIES WITS AJTSWERS:— Bible, 1682: Italic References
— The Ballad of Sir James the Rose — Jerusalem Cham-
ber : Henry IV. Part II. Act IV. Scene 4— Butter, But-
terfly, Ac. — Marabou Feathers — Quotation wanted, 29.
REPLIES: — Dr. Johnson on Punning, 30 — Gloves, 31 —
Forgetfulness after Sleep, 32— Families of Field and De la
Feld : the Prefix " De la " to English Surnames, 33 — Blue
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— Private Act — Birth-day of George III. — Longevity of
Lawyers — Ferula — Turkey-cocks — Age of Newspapers
— Portraits of Archbishop Cranmer — Braose Family —
Coins in Tankards, 34.
Monthly Feuilleton on French Books, 38.
JMal.
THE REGISTERS OF THE STATIONERS'
COMPANY.
(Continued from 3rd S. i. p. 503.)
23 Febr. [1593-4.] — Edward Allde. Entred
for his copie, &c. a ballad intituled A doleful
Songe made by Robert Randole, borne in Wales.
vjd.
[Ritson (JBiW. Poet. p. 309) speaks of this " doleful
song " as if it had really been written by, and not for,
this criminal : see also the next entry.]
John Danter. Entred for his copie, &c. a
ballad intituled A wofull and sorrowfull complaint
of Robert Randall and Tho. Randall his son, who
were executed at St. Thomas of Waterings the
xxvj of February, 1593 vjd.
[The preceding entries must have been made in anti-
cipation of the execution : Ritson gives the date erro-
neously. Stow says nothing of the crime committed,
but it was probably piracy.]
5 Marcij. — Thos. Creede. Entred for his copie,
&c. a booke intituled The Lookinge GZasse for
London, by Tho. Lodg and Robert Greene, gent.
vja-
_ [This drama was printed in 1594 by Creede under the
title of " A looking Glasse for London and England :
Made by Thomas Lodge, Gentleman, and Robert Greene."
It was three times reprinted, viz. in 1598, 1602, and
1617, and may be seen in the edition of Greene's Works,
in 1831, vol. i. p. 54. It is to be regretted that the editor
did not correct, or suggest the correction of, various mis-
prints : thus on p. 61 we have " mustering " for blus-
tering: on p. 62 "either" for highly, and "shelves "for
shoals; on p. 65 "through" for thought, &c. He took
great pains in the collation of the later editions, but they
repeated the blunders of the first.]
viij Marcij. — John Danter. Entred unto him
for his copie &c. a booke intituled A newe booke
of newe conceits.
[Probably some early jest book, but not now known,
at least under that title.]
xii Marcij. — Thomas Millington. Entred for
his copie &c. a booke intituled The Jirste parte of
the Contention of the twoo famous houses of York
and Lancaster, with the dealhe of the good Duke
Humfrey, and the banishment and dealhe of the
Duke of Suff". and the tragicall ende of the prowd
Cardinal! of Winchester, with the notable rebellion
of Jack Cade, and the Duke of Yorhes first clayme
unto the Crowne vjd.
[The Clerk copied nearly the whole title of the old
edition of this drama, which was " Printed by Thomas
Creede for Thomas Millington " in 1594. The only ex-
emplar known is in the Bodleian Library, where its
value is well understood, as a play to which Shakespeare
wrote additions, and which appears in the folio 1623 of
his works under the title of The Second Part of Henry
the Sixth. In 1843 the Shakespeare Society reprinted
the piece precisely as it stands in the unique 4to copy
at Oxford.]
xvjmo Marcij. — John Danter. Entred for his
copie, &c. a'booke entituled The number of Novel-
ties vjd.
xx j° Marcij. — Richard Jones. Entred for his
copie, &c. a booke in[ti]tuled The most delectable
and famous historic of the black Knight . . vjd.
[A romance of Chivalry, which, if it exist, we have
never seen.]
xxij° Marcij. — Abell Jeffes. Entred for his
copie, &c. a ballad entituled A moste sweete songe
of an Englishe Merchant that killed a man in
Guidine, and was for the same judged to lose his
head; and how in thende a mayden saved his lyfe,
by T. Daloney vjd.
[The Clerk, not being a very good geographer, could
not read the name of the place in the MS. laid before
him, and wrote Guidine for Embden. This is the ballad
upon which a play called The Marchant of Eamden was
founded, which was first acted at Henslowe's Theatre on
30th July, 1594, about four months after the date of the
above entry. The ballad itself is inserted in Evans's
Collection, "i. 28, of the last edition. Malone mis-read
Eamden, in Henslowe's Diary, Candew, and speculated,
erroneously of course, that the scene of the play was laid
in the island of Candia.]
xxiii die Aprilis [1594]. — Thomas Gosson.
Entred for his copie, &c. a booke intituled The
praise of a good name and the reproache of an ill
name . vjd.
xxvj0 die Aprilis. — John Danter. Entred for
his copie a ballad intituled A doleful adewe to the
22
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"> S. II. JULY 12, '62.
last Erie of Darby: to the tune of Bonny sweete
Robin vjd.
[The tune " Bonny sweet Robin " immediately brings
to memory the snatch of a ballad introduced by Shake-
speare into his Hamlet, and sung by Ophelia, " For bonny
sweet Robin is all mv joy." the "doleful adieu" to
the Earl of Derby was "to that tune. This Earl of Derby
was Ferdinando, who had died at Latham, according to
Stow (p. 1275, edit 1605) on April 16. The old Chronicler
gives a long account of the < ircumstances attending the
somewhat sudden demise of the Earl, who by many at
that day was supposed to have died of witchcraft or
poison — perhaps both — an image of wax, with some of
the Earl's hair, having been found in his chamber.]
Primo die Ma5j. — Mr. Feilde. Entred for his
copie, &c. a booke intituled The holye historye of
our lorde and saviour Jesus Christes nativitie,
lyfe, actes, miracle, doctrine, deathe, passion, Re-
fjarrection and asscention, gathered into Englishe
meeter by Robert Holland Mr of Artes . . vj*.
[This rare work was printed by Richard Field, and
came out in 1594; but the Clerk omitted from the entry
the most curious part of the title, which we subjoin :
44 published to withdraw vaine wits from all vnsaverie
and wicked rimes and fables, to some love and liking of
spirituall songs and Holy Scriptures." We never saw or
heard of more than one copy of it]
Secundo die Maij. — Peter Shorte. Entred unto
him for his copie, under Mr. Warden Cawoode's
hande, a booke intituled A plesant Conceyted his-
torie called the Taminge of a Shrowe . . . vjd.
[Not Shakespeare's comedy, but the old drama of
which he made considerable use, particularly as regards
the conduct of the story. The only known copy of the
date of 1594 is in the Library of the Duke of Devonshire,
•who most liberally allowed it to be exactly reprinted by
the Shakespeare Societv in 1844. The edition of 1596
is in the Library of the Earl of Ellesinere ; and Steevens
republished that of 1607.]
9 Maiv— Mr. Harrison, sen. Entred for his
copie, urraer thand of Mr. Cawood, warden, a
booke intituled The Ravyshement of Lucrece vjd.
[The word " ravishment," which, no doubt, the poem
bore in the MS., was dropped in the printed copy, which
was merely^ called Lucrece when it came from Field's press.
" for John Harrison, and are to be sold at the signe of
the white Greyhound, in Paules Church-yard " in 1594.
The impression of 1598 was from the types of P[eter]
S[hort] for the same publisher.]
xiiij0 Maij. — Thomas Creede. Entred for his
copie, under thnnd of Mr. Cawood, warden, a
booke intituled The famous Victories of Henrie
the Fyft, conteyning the honorable battell of Agin
court vjd.
[This registration does not apply to Shakespeare's i
Henry the Fifth, but to the older play (in which Tarlton j
performed, and which was therefore in being before 1688,
•when be died) and which was extremely popular. The
only known edition has no date, but it is ascertained
from Henslowe's MSS. that a play called " Henry V."
was acted at the Newington Theatre on 28 Nov. 1585 :
this was, doubtless, the play entered above.]
Thorns Creede. Entred unto him, by the like
warrant, a booke intituled The Scottishe story of
James the Fourthe, slayne at Flodden, intermixed
with a plexant Comedie presented by Oborom,
Kijige of Fayres vjd.
[We know of no copy of this drama by Robert Greene
: earlier than the 4to of 1598, where it bears very nearly
the title above given: it was probably first printed in
1594 in consequence of the preceding registration, but
the editor of Greene's Works was not aware of it He
tells us that the text is in some places "corrupted beyond
the power of emendation." Does he mean that plulantia
(p. 115) is a corrupted Greek word that he was unable
to amend to philautia, a very well-known and often em-
ployed term? In Latin he seems to have been also at
fault, when he appended a note to vermeum (p. 95), in
which he speculates that, it is a misprint for vermium.
Did he never hear of r,er, the spring, and could he not
conjecture that the old printer had by mistake joined the
two words ver and meum f Surely these corruptions were
not " beyond the power of emendation."]
xiii° Maij. — Thorns Creede. Entred for his
copie, under thandes of Mr Warden Cawood, a
plea booke intituled The Pedlars Propkesie vjd.
[A" plea booke" means here a play book; and the
Pedlar's Propltesy, a species of interlude, was printed and
published with the date of 1595. It was most likely by
R. Wilson, the famous comedian, who also wrote The
Cobbler's Prophesy, printed in 1594.]
xiiijto Maij. — Edward White. Entred for his
copie &c. a booke intituled The Historye of Fryer
Bacon and Fryer Boungaye vja.
[The well known play by Robert Greene, published in
1594. It was several times reprinted in consequence of
its popularity, and may be found in the last edit of D.
O. P. and in Greene's Works.]
Edward White. Entred alsoe for his copie,
under thandes of bothe the Wardens, a booke
entituled The moste famous Chronicle historye of
Leire, Kinge of England, and his Three daughters
vjd-
[The old " King Leir," which preceded Shakespeare's
tragedy on the same incidents ; but of which the oldest
extant edition has no date: it certainly was reprinted
about 1608, in consequence of the success of Shakespeare's
work, but what was the date of the earliest impression,
we are unable to state, excepting on the authority of the
above entry.]
Edward White. Entred likewise for his copie,
under the handes of bothe the wardens, a booke
entituled The famous historye of John of Gaunte,
sonne to Kinge Edward the Third, with his Con-
quest of Spaine, and marriage of his Twoo daugh-
ters to the Kinges of Castile and Portugale, SfC.
TJ*.
[We are not aware of the existence of any such his-
torical romance ; and we may suspect that it was a play,
although called " a book," because we see, in the pre-
ceding entry, that the old tragedy of" King Leir " has the
same designation.]
Edward White. Entred for his copie, under
thandes of both the wardens, a booke called The
booke of David and Bethsaba vjd.
[G. Peele's well-known play. Nobody that we are
aware has observed upon the fact that this must have
3rd S. II. JULY 12, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
23
been the second play on the story of David; for on p. 67
the Chorus promises " a third discourse " on the same
theme, which implies that another " discourse " had pre-
ceded it : we are further told that the " most renowned
death " of David would form the subject of the third
drama.]
Edward White. Entred for his copie a booke
entituled A pastorall plesant Comedie of Robin
Hood and little JoJm, &c., by aucthorytie from
the wardens vjd.
[This entry is probably of too early a date for it to
refer to either of Munday and Chettle's dramas, The
Downfall and the Death of Robin Hood, which were both
brought out at Henslowe's Theatre in the spring of
1598-9. It is very possible that in 1594 White con-
templated, or published, a reprint of the old play of
Robyn Hood, very proper to be played in May-games,
originally printed by Copland, n. d. and certainly re-
printed by White at a late period in the course of his
trade : the description " a pastorall pleasant comedy "
supports this notion. In the five preceding registrations
the name of Adam Islip was originally inserted by the
Clerk, but he subsequently altered it to Edward W'hite:
perhaps White purchased Islip's interest after the date
when the entries were made.]
J. PAYNE COLLIER.
WILLIAM STRODE.*
Was William Strode, the member of the earlier
parliaments of Charles I., and who was imprisoned
in 1628, the same person whom the King intended
to have arrested in 1641 ?
In the historical essays on The Grand Remon-
strance, and on The Arrest of the Five Members,
by Mr. Forster, extracts from Clarendon, D'Ewes,
and others, are brought forward, and a conclusion
drawn, that William Strode, who was a member
of the earlier parliaments of Charles I., and who
suffered a long imprisonment on the dissolution of
the third parliament of that monarch, was not the
same William Strode who was a member of the
Long Parliament, and whom the king intended to
have arrested on the 4th of December, 1641.
In the Athence Oxonienses, in the several editions
of the parliamentary histories, and, indeed, in all
the other publications (except Mr. Forster's Es-
says), in which William Strode of the Long Par-
liament is made a subject of history, he is treated
as one and the same person with the William
Strode who was imprisoned in 1628, as before
mentioned.
In support of these authorities, and against the
inference drawn by Mr. Forster, I call attention
to the following extracts from the sermon preached
at the funeral of Mr. Strode, especially to those
portions which are printed in italics :
" His parts were commendable, his judgment good, his
expressions rationall and quick, hts experience LONG in the
course of parliamentary affairs," p. 21.
" His tedious and heavy sufferings : Witnesse his long
* See " N. & Q." 2nd S. xii. 369, 441, 462, for notices of
the two members named William Strode.
imprisonment, and that in the prime of his time, when the
strength and delights of youth might have made him do
much for freedome. In those most dangerous forlorne
times, like another Curtius, he cast himself in hiatum,
into the gulfe, the jaws of extreme perill, for his countries
good : witnesse also the accusation of late cast upon him of
the highest crime. 'Twas his singular serviceablenesse
that caused him to be one of the first marked and destined
to destruction," p. 21.
Of his death the preacher says, —
" His disease, an epidemicall feaver, which after some
colluctations seized on his principals and spirits before
impaired and much exhausted both by sufferings and
services. . . . . T was not the plague."
Of his temper he says, —
" He was of a constitution something hot."
Extracted from
" The Life and Death of David, a Sermon preached at
the Funeralls of that worthy Member of the Honourable
House of Commons, William Strode, Esqre, in the Abbey
Church in Westminster, by Gasper Hickes, a Member of
the Assembly of Divines." London, 1645.
There is a copy of the Sermon in the Bodleian
Library. ROWLAND PEICE.
Stourbridge.
F^EROE: FAIRFIELD.
In a book, entitled The Northmen in Cumberland
and Westmorland, by Robert Ferguson, Carlisle,
1856, I find these words : —
" The principal term for a mountain, and also that
most characteristic of the Scandinavian district, is Fell.
This retains the Old Norse form of fell, or fall; which in
the present dialect of Norway has, in accordance with a
prevailing tendency, been corrupted into Fjeld. The
only case in which a similar change can be supposed to
have taken place in our district, is that of Fairfield, the
next neighbour to Helvellyn, which has been derived
from the Scandinavian faar, ' sheep ' : Fairfield signi-
fying ' the sheep mountain,' in allusion to the peculiar
fertility of its pastures. ' Fairfield has large, smooth,
pastoral savannahs, to which the sheep resort when all
its rocky or barren neighbours are left desolate.' — De
Quincey. I do not know who is the author of this ety-
mology, which has been quoted by several writers, but
it appears to me to be open to considerable doubt : first,
because we do not find any other instance of a similar
change inlofjeld or field, or of any tendency towards it ;
and secondly, because the summit of this mountain is
such a peculiarly green and level plain, that it might
not inappropriately be called a « fair field.' "
Thus far Mr. Ferguson. After reading Mr.
Ferguson's remarks, I opened the book called
Dansk Ordbog af C. Molbech, anden Udgave,
Kjobenhavn, 1859, and I found these words : —
"FAAR, et. pi. d. s. [Ordet findes allene i Dansk og
Svensk.] 1. Et almindeligt Huusdyr. Ovis aries."
Which I English thus : —
" FAAR, et. plural, the same. [The word is found only
in Danish and Swedish.] 1. A common domestic animal.
Ovis aries."
The readers of " N. & Q." must bear in mind
that Mr. Ferguson, in the book I have just spoken
24
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3*<> S. II. JULY 12, '62.
of, tries to show that in olden times many Norse-
men came and took up their abode in Westmor-
land and Cumberland ; but that few (or perhaps
no) Danes came from Denmark and took up their
abode in Westmorland and Cumberland. Most
likely Mr. Ferguson looked into Christian Mol-
bech's Ordbog, before he printed his book. In
such case, Mr. Ferguson would feel that Mol-
bech's remark clashed with his anti-Danish theory.
After reading Mr. Ferguson's book, I happened
to read The Oxonian in Iceland; or, Notes of
Travel in that Island in the Summer of 1860, by
the Rev. Frederick Metcalfe, M.A., London, 1861;
and on p. 35, of that work, I found these words : —
rt Yonder to our right, Vaagi) is dimly visible ; a name
also to be found in the Luffodens, from which islands,
judging from the similarity of local names, the original
population of the Faeroes are conjectured to have come in
Harold Harfager's days."
Now it struck me as very unlikely that Norse-
men settling in the Faroes should give a name
to these islands which was not Norse, but Danish.
So I wrote to my kind friend George Stephens,
the learned Professor of English and Old English
in the University of Cheapinghaven (or Kb'ben-
havn) and asked him what was the meaning of
Faer in the word " Fserb'e " ? Prof, Stephens writes
as follows : —
" There is no doubt that the Faeroes mean the sheep-
ilands, theep-oes. When first occupied by the Northmen,
in the 9th century, they swarmed with ' sheep and wild
fowl'; the former certainly the progeny of the sheep
formerly taken over by the Tapes,' Irish monks and
hermits. Bat Far (now Far) must have once been com-
mon in Scandinavia. It is found in the Old-Norse Gula-
things-law (chap, ccxxiii.), but in connection with the
other word sau-gr, as if it might otherwise be misunder-
stood, the word being now so old and rare: 'Giallda
fcer-tanfti, oc eigi geitr,' — one-shall pay-in-fine far-sands
(far-sheep) and not goats : goats shall not be legal ten-
der as fine-payment fin bdf). Two or three hundred
years ago, our word sheep was nearly driven out in the
book-dialect by muttons; and a man might then have
said, not to be misunderstood, theep- muttons. In fact, th«
word far became so extinct in Norway, that it does not
now exist even as a dialect word, saud being the usual
term there as in Iceland. In the latter island there is
still a trace of the old word left in the compound fceri-
Ifa, sheep-louse. In Sweden and Denmark the common
word is now (far) fur, faar, slid, being very rare. Bat
all over the North there are various other local and pro-
vincial words for sheep, ewe, &c."
Thus far Professor Stephens. The readers of
" N & Q." will now see that, inasmuch as Norse-
men settled both in the Faroes and in Westmor-
land and Cumberland, there is nothing to be
shown against the remark that the first part of
the name Fairfield means sheep. But now with
regard to the second part of the name. Let us
turn to p. 421 of Black's Picturesque Tourist of
Scotland, 15th edition, Edinburgh, MDCCCLXI, and
we shall find these words : —
" In the immediate vicinity [of the town of Moffat] is
the Hartfell group of mountains, the highest in the south
of Scotland."
A little lower down on the same page, are these
words : —
" Hartfell, or Hartfield, as it is often written in old
works, in former times gave a title (now extinct) to the
Annandale family."
If Hartfell was "often written Hartfield," it is
just as likely that^eW, in Fairfield, is only another
form of fell. I think I have now made it as plain
as need be, that Fcproe means sheep-Hands ; and
that Fairfield means sheep-fell, or sheep-mountain.
EDWIN ABMISTEAD.
Leeds.
" THE TIMES " AND ASSAM.
A singular mistake is to be found in Tlie Times
of June 12. The third leading article in that
number is chiefly based either upon erroneous
data, or, if the data are correct, as I believe them
to be, upon an erroneous calculation made from
them. The data, which appear both in the leading
article itself and in the correspondent's letter
which gave rise to the article,* are that the district
of Assam in India contains " 43,000 square miles
of valleys and glens resembling those of Scot-
land," and is inhabited by " a population of some
2,000,000 souls." In these numbers there can be
no great mistake, as in Fullarton's Gazetteer I
find the area estimated at 18,200 sq. m., or, if the
higher lands on both sides be included, at 70,000
sq. m., whilst the population assigned to the
18,200 sq. m. in 1835 is 602,500. Now the cal-
culation based upon these data is that " in this
region there is (sic) upon an average only TWO f
human beings to every 43 square miles — and we
have allowed ourselves to believe that India is
overpeopled ! " But, if 2,000,000 be divided by
43,000, it will be found that upon an average
there are about FORT T- six AND A HALF (4 6 '51)
inhabitants to every square mile, or, as nearly as
possible, TWO THOUSAND inhabitants to every 43
square miles. The fact is, the writer of the article
used in his calculation either 2,000 for 2,000,000,
or 43,000,000 for 43,000, or, perhaps, he intended
to write two thousand, and wrote only two. That
there is no misprint is evident, because the writer
argues as if there were really only 2 inhab. to
every 43 sq. m. But let us see whether an agri-
cultural'country containing on au average 2,000
inhabitants to every 43 sq. m. can be said to be
thinly populated. Scotland (the country which
the writer of the art. compares to Assam) contains
(according to Fullarton), 29,871 sq. m. with a
population in 1851 of 2,870,784, or about 96-106
inhabitants to every sq. m.=about 4,132 to every
* This letter is in the same paper.
f The small caps, and^the ital. are my own.
3* S. II. JULY 12, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
25
43 f q. m. The proportion o( area to population
in Scotland is therefore about double what it is
in the valley of Assam. But we must remember
that in Scotland there are two large cities anc
many large towns, and if we deduct the popula-
tion of these, or make allowance for them, we
shall find that the difference between Scotlanc
and Assam is not very great. Fullarton gives
the town-population of Scotland as 1,497,079, anc
the country-population as 1,391,663,* the latter
of which numbers would only yield 46'589 inhab
to every sq. m., or 2,003 to every 43 sq. m.,")
almost exactly the same proportion as in Assam
Again, if we take the county of Sutherland where
the town pop. is only 599, whilst the country pop
is 25,194 and the area 1865'53 sq. m., exclusive
of water, we find in the country only 13'505 inhab.
to every sq. m., or 580-715 to every 43 sq. m., little
more than a quarter of the proportion in Assam.
Assam is, indeed, we are told, " infinitely more
fertile " than Scotland, and therefore it certainly
ought to be much more densely populated than
the country portion of Scotland. Still I think I
have shown that the writer in The Times has
made a gross error in calculation, and that he
has thence drawn very false conclusions with re-
gard to the scantiness of population in India
generally.
No notice has, that I am aware of, been taken
of this error, either in The Times or elsewhere.
F. CHANCE.
Minav
RECOVERY FROM APPAHEUT DEATH. — My
authority for the following anecdote, is a lady who
heard it related some years ago by the gentleman
initialed "R." in my text. The late Baron Platt,
when a young man, had a severe illness, of which
he apparently died. Two or three days after the
fatal event, some gentlemen, friends of the de-
ceased, went together to the house where the
body was laid out, and obtained permission to
take a farewell look of their old associate. While
standing beside the corpse, one of them said :
" Ah ! we shall never again drink a glass of wine
with poor Platt ;" when poor Platt immediately
exclaimed — " But you will, and a good m.any too,
I hope." All fled in terror from the room except
Mr. R., and he remained until'his friend's resus-
citation was assured. L. W.
* These two totals added together give 2,888,742, or
nearly 18,000 more than the 2,870,784 quoted above as
the population of the whole country in 1851.
t I have here been obliged to divide, as before, by
29,871 (sq. m.), though the proper divisor would be
29,871 less the total number of sq. m. occupied by the
towns, but this number is not given by Fullarton. More
than sufficient allowance will, however, certainly be made
for it, if, for 46-589 we read 50 inhab. to every sq. m., or,
2,150 to every 43 sq. m.
LADY HYNDFOHD. — Reading the name of
" Hyndford " in your publication, I am reminded
of a circumstance, often told to me between thirty
and forty years ago, that used to surprise me
much as a child, and a little surprises me now.
My grandmother used often to describe her
acquaintance, the last Countess of Hyndford, who
resided near Edinburgh, as being distinguished
by a fine flowing beard down to her breast.
Beards on male chins are more common now a
good deal than they were in Lady Hyndford's
day ; but it is a comfort to think that her lady-
ship failed to make it the fashion to wear them on
female chins. E. S. S. W.
CITY. — The question has been mooted whether
a bishop's see confers the title of city on a town.
In all the Letters Patent of Henry VIII. for the
creation of Bristol, Chester, Gloucester, Peter-
borough, Oxford, &c., the clause occurs: —
" Qubd tota villa nostra . . . exnunc et deinceps im-
perpetuum sit civitas, ipsamque Civitatem vocari
appellari et nominari decernimus."
MACKENZIE E. C. WALCOTT, M.A., F.S.A.
A WORD WANTED. — I observe in the reports
of the proceedings of the Social Science Asso-
ciation that the members have been talking of
the language of the dumb, — an evident solecism !
Will no neologist come to the relief? We wrote
and spoke through long years of gas chandeliers,
until somebody (unknown to fame) came out
withg-aseliers. Honour to him therefor.
POBTICI.
JEWELRY. — An ill-looking word is making its
entry into our orthography, against which I hope
you will allow me to protest. I allude to jewelry
instead of jewellery. We say millinery from mil-
liner, haberdashery from haberdasher. Why not
jewellery from jeweller ? G. L.
A BIRD, THE PRELUDE OF DEATH. — Howell,
in his Familiar Epistles observes, July 3, 1632 :
' I can tell you of a strange thing I saw lately here
and I believe 'tis true. As I pass'd by St. Dunstan's in
Fleet Street the last Saturday, I stepp'd into a lapidary
or stone-cutter's shop to treat with the master for a stone
to be put upon my father's tomb : and casting my eyes
up and down, I might spie a huge marble with a large
inscription upon't, which was thus, to my best remem-
brance : —
' ' Here lies John Oxenham, a goodly young man, in
whose chamber, as he was struggling with the pangs of
death, a bird with a white breast was seen flattering
about his bed and so vanish'd.
" ' Here lies also Mary Oxenham, the sister of the said
John, who died the next day, and the same apparition
was seen in the room.
;< ' Here lies hard by, James Oxenham, the son of the
said John, who dyed a child in his cradle a little after,
and such a bird was seen fluttering about his head a little
before he expir'd, which vanish'd afterwards.'
At the bottom of the stone there is : —
'Here lies Elizabeth Oxenham, the mother of the
said John, who died sixteen years since, when such a
26
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. JULY 12, '62.
bird with a white brest was seen about her bed before
her death.'
" To all these ther be divers witnesses, both squires
and ladies, whose names are engraven upon the atone.' "
In the Memoirs of Lady Fanshawe, a similar
example occurs ; and Mr. Kingsley, in Westward
Ho! very effectively introduces the white bird
•which preceded the death of one of Captain
Drake's companions.
Mr. Fitz-Patrick, in his recently published
Life, Times, and Correspondence of Bishop Doyle,
vol. ii. p. 496, remarks, while describing the death
of Dr. Doyle: —
" Considering that the season was midsummer and not
winter, the visit of two robin-red-breasts to the sick-room
may be noticed as interesting. They remained flat-
tering round, and sometimes perching on the uncurtained
bed. The Priests, struck by the novelty of the circum-
stance, made no effort to expel the little visitors ; and
the robins hung lovingly over the Bishop's head, until
death released him."
Are there any other instances in which the
appearance of a bird would seem to have augured
approaching death ? C.
Awrfaf.
DUDDYNGTON, THE ORGAN MAKER.
ORGANS AND ORGAN BUILDERS.
" This endenture made the yere of onre lorde god
m1 v" xix, and in the moneth of July xxix. day. Wit-
nesseth that Antony Duddyngton, Citezen of London,
Organ Maker, hath made a full bargayn condycionally,
with Maister \Villm Patenson. Doctour in Divinite, Vicar
of Alhalowe Barkyng, Rob' Whytehed and John Churche
Wardeyns of the same Church e, and Maisters of the
Pisshe of Alhalowe, Barkyng, next the Tower of London,
to make an Instrument, that y« to say, a payer of organs
for the foresed churche, of dowble Cefaut ( ?) that ys to say,
xxvij. playno kayes, and the pryncipale to conteyn the
length of v foote, so folowing w* Bassys called Diapason
to the same, conteynyng length of x foot or more ; And to
be dowble pryncipalls thoroweout the seid Instrument, so
that the pyppes w'inforth shall be as fyne metall and
stuff as the utter parts, that is t» say, of pure Tyn, w'
as fewe stuppes as may be covenient. And the seid An-
tony to have ernest vju xiij* iiijd. Also the foreseid
Antony askyth v quarters of respytt, that y' to say, from
the fest of Seynt Mighell the Archaungell next folowing
to the fest of Seynt Mighell, the day twelmoneth folow-
ing. And also undernethe this condicion, that the fore-
said Antony shall convey the belowes in the loft abowf in
the seid Quere of Alhalows, w* a pype to the song bourde.
Also this pmysed by the seid Antony, that yf the fore-
seid Maister Doctour, Vicare, Churche Wardeyns, maisters
of the pisshe, be not content nor lyke not the seid Instru-
ment, that than they shall allowe him for convaying of
the belows xl« for his cost of them, and to restore the
rest of the Truest ( ?) agayn to the seid Maisters. And yf
the seid Antony decesse and depart his natural 1 lyf
•Win the forseid v quarters, that then his wvff or hys exe-
cutours or his Assignes shall fully content the foreseid
some of iiij11 xiij« iiijd to tne 8ejd Vicare and churche
wardeyns and maisters of the pisshe w'ont any delay.
And yf they be content w« the seid Instrument, to pay to
the seid Antony fyfty poundes sterlings. In Witnesse
wherof the seid pties to these endentures chaungeably
have set their sealls. Yeven the day and yere above-
seid."
This contract appears to have been performed,
as evidenced by the following receipt annexed : —
" Md. Yl I Anthony Duddyngtonne have Recd of
Harry Goderyk, Cherche Wardeyn of Barkyng the som
of xxx11 st.,"in pt of paym1 of 1" St., the wiche I shold
have for a payr of orgens. In Wytnesse heyrof, I the
forsayd Antony have subscrybed ray name the xxij day
of Mche, AO xvc xx.
" Be me, ASTON v DUDDYNGTON."
These interesting documents are extant among
the records of the parish of Allhallows Barking.
I should be glad to learn whatever may be known
of this early organ builder or his works.
GEO. 11. CORNER.
JOHN ABRAHAM. — Can any of the readers of
" N. & Q." give any information as to the where-
abouts of the descendants of a John Abraham, of
High Holborn, whose death is noticed in the
Gentleman's Magazine for the year 1 800 ? Perhaps
the following particulars relative to his family may
be a clue : He had four daughters and one son,
Henry, who went to India. Of the daughters the
first, Hannah, living in 1812, at 3, Roxburghe
Place, Edinburgh, married Ratcliffe ; she
died about 1820, and that branch of his family is
now extinct, excepting two daughters, if they still
survive, of which I am uncertain ; the elder of the
two has been twice married, but has no children.
2. Annie, married Jas. Stavely, a barrister, of a
Lancashire family. He obtained a situation in the
East India Company's Service, and removed there.
3. Sarah, married in India a Col. Bowler : they
afterwards came to England.
4. Elizabeth, married Dr. Clarke, after the
death of her husband she resided at Exeter ; they
left one daughter, who is supposed to be married.
DURHAM.
ANONYMOUS. — Who is the author of Oliver
Cromwell, a poem (Oliver & Boyd), Edinburgh,
1829, printed at Greenock ? Also, of Mardocheus,
a dramatic poem from the Book of Esther, Bou-
logne, 1846, 12mo? ZETA.
ARMS ON SEPARATE SHIELDS. — A friend of
mine, a scholar and an antiquary, who represents
two families, instead of quartering the arms after
the ordinary manner, bears them separately, each
in its own shield, side by side, on his seal. I be-
lieve there is old authority for this manner of
bearing the arms ; it has been said, however, to be
incorrect by many whose judgment en such mat-
ters is worthy of credit. What is the truth ?
GRIME.
THE REV. LEGARD BLACKER. — This clergyman
was the second son of Major George Blacker of
Carrick, in the county of Armagh. He entered
Trinity College, Dublin, May 3rd, 1668, when;
j|
3rd S. II. JULY 12, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
27
eighteen years of age (Entrance Books) ; and was
elected a Scholar in the year 1670 (Dublin Uni-
versity Calendar, 1862, p. 277). As stated in
Archdeacon Cotton's Fasti Ecclesice Hibernicce,
vol. iii. p. 303, he was collated to the prebend of
Dromaragh, in the diocese of Dromore, October
18, 1681 : he was rector of the parish of Shank-
hill, in the same diocese, in 1684, and presented a
baptismal font, which is extant, to his parish
church. Dying without issue (?) August 29, 1686,
he was interred at Shankhill.
Whom did he marry ? and in what year was he
appointed to Shankhill ? Any particulars of him,
besides what are here given, will be acceptable,
being required for a genealogical purpose.
ABHBA.
COUNSEL AND CAUSES. — I have lately read (I
think it is Lord Campbell, in his Life of Tenter-
den) a passage which runs somewhat thus : " A
counsel ought not to refuse a brief, even if he
thinks the cause is wrong, for there are some
notable instances on record where, from the mis-
representations of the parties themselves, their
counsel have been led to think they were wrong,
but which upon close examination proved their
claim to be both true and just." Can you refer
me to any of these notable cases ? SOLSBERGIUS.
S. DUNSTAN. — Is Dunstan, Archbishop of
Canterbury, a canonized saint or a beato ? If the
former, when was he canonized ? if the latter, is
it not strange to find his altar in churches ? What
are the attributes or symbols assigned to him in
mediseval art ? T. NORTH.
Leicester.
THE DRENSTEIGNTON CROMLECH. — On visiting
ihis interesting relic of antiquity a short time ago,
I discovered that the handywork of the three
stalwart spinsters had been destroyed, and that
the large granite slab formerly laid across three
supporting pillars, has been thrown down ; how I
am not aware, though there are several reports on
the subject, and it is generally supposed that there
has been some foul play. It is greatly to be re-
gretted that measures are not taken for the pre-
servation of these valuable remains. On whose
property is it situate ? Can you tell me whether
there is any probability of its being restored ?
J. B. R.
FLEMISH. — Is there any Flemish-English word-
book ? And is there any English- Flemish word-
took ? E. A.
HOLLANBISH. — What is the last published and
"best Hollandish-English and English-Hollandish
word-book ? E. A.
JAPANESE MARRIAGE CUSTOM. — In Crequiana,
Paris, an. viii., is a note on the customs of the Ja-
panese, which states, on the authority of Ka3mpfer
and Bononi, that the Japanese women shave their
heads on marrying, and that the same practice
prevailed in the Levant from the remotest an-
tiquity. As proof of this the following lines are
cited : —
" Guindi il letto bacib, bacib gli stipiti
D'ambo le parti ; vi palpo le mura;
E lunga di capei treccia divelta,
Colle sue man, nel talamo alia madre,
Di sua verginita lasciolla in segno.
Con mesta alfin voce piagnendo disse
I' me ne vado, di me invece questi
Lunghi capelli a te, madre lasciando,
Ma tu sebbene ita i di qua lontano
Sana rimanti." — Pirenesi.
I know Kzempfer but not Bononi or Pirenesi. I
shall be glad of a reference especially to the latter.
E. N. H.
JACOB OF ARCHAMGERE. — Banks, in the Sup-
plement to his Dormant and Extinct Baronage
(p. 7), quotes the following in evidence that Wil-
liam the Conqueror did not in all cases dispossess
the Saxons in their holdings : —
" Kex Baronibus. — Mandamus vobis quod occasione
arrentationis Serjantiarum, assessa? per Robertum Pas-
selewe, non distringas Jacobum de Archamgere per 2
marc, et dhnid. de tenemento quod de nobis tenet per
Serjantiam in Archamgere (in com. Southamp.) per
chartam beati regis Edwardi antecessoribus ipsius Jacobi
super hoc confectam, sed ipsum Jacobum de predictis
2 marcis et dimid. quietum esse faciatis in perpetuum,
quid chartam praefati beati Edwardi confirmavimus, et
ipsam volumus inviolabiliter observari.
" Breve est in ferulo Mareschalli, et mandatum est
vicecomiti Southamp. comparat. die Jovia die 15 Jan.
A.D.," &c. &c.
I am desirous of knowing if this Archamgere
can be identified at the present day. And if so,
where it is, and how it is now known. I do not
know how I can derive the information in this
country, or what source I can apply to anywhere,
with more chance of success, than to " N. & Q."
I take the liberty of sending my own transla-
tion of the passage, lest I may have rendered it
unintelligible by my handwriting : —
" The King to the Barons: — We command you, when
collecting the dues of Serjeantry assessed by Eob. Passe-
lewe, not to distrain Jacob of Archamgere by 2 marcs
and a half, for the holding which he has of us by
tenure in Archamgere (in the county of Southampton) ;
which moreover is secured to the ancestors of this same
Jacob by charter of blessed King Edward; but to -set
him at rest for ever as regards the aforesaid 2 marcs and
half, in as much as we have confirmed the charter of the
aforesaid Edward of blessed memory, and wish it to be
kept inviolate.
" N.B. The brief is in the archives of the Marshall, and
intrusted to the Viscount of Southampton, drawn up
Thursday the 15th Jan., A.D." &c.
What were the limits of the county of South-
ampton, and did it embrace the Isle of Wight ?
And what were these dues of Serjeantry ?
28
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'd S. II. JULY 1
" Archnmgere" would seem to have a significa-
tion in itself, but I cannot make it out exactly.
C. HALL.
New York, June 17, 1862.
KENT ARMS.— In placing the Kent arms (Gules,
a horse rampant, argent) on a public building,
will there be any impropriety in surmounting the j
shield with an ancient crown, as indicative of the
Saxon kingdom of Kent ? A MAN OF KENT, j
NUMBER OF KNOWN LANGUAGES IN THE SEVEN- !
TEENTH CENTURY. — An old writer says, " It were
more easy to learn the sixty-four languages than
this." Does he mean that such was the number ,
of languages then believed to exist ? I would be '
obliged by any of your philological readers indi-
cating which are referred to, or where the enumer-
ation of these may be found, and also by reference ,
to any parallel passages. J. BR.
NEPHRITIC STONE. — I have in my possession a
cup (holding about two quarts) made of this
stone, mounted with silver, that probably has
been in my family one hundred years.
A cup made of it is said to have been sold for
1,600 crowns in the time of the Emperor Rodolph
II. (say in the year 1576). The stone, a species
of jasper, was chiefly brought from New Spain
(Mexico) ; and was very dear, by reason of the ',
wonderful virtues ascribed to it. The name is '
probable from petyxfe, a kidney.
Can any of your correspondents give me any i
information as to its value in the present day ? ;
Whether now brought from Mexico or elsewhere, j
and who stated it to have been sold as above ?
J. SPEED, D.
Sewardstone.
PAVTOR, PAVIER, PAVOB. — Can any of your
correspondents give me any account of this family ?
There was (it is said) a Pavier, Town Clerk
of London, temp. Hen. VIII., who is reported to
have committed suicide out of vexation at the
Reformation ! ob. dr. 1564. There was a James
Pavyor, of , co. Gloucester, admitted to copy-
hold lands in Bushey, co. Hert. circa 1518, and
another James Pavyor, who claimed as his son
and heir circa 1566. In 1616 lands at Berkhamp- j
stead and Northchurch, co. Hert. are described as
formerly of the possessions of Jas. Pavyor.
JAMES KNOWLES.
STATISTICS OF PREMATURE INTERMENTS — A
reference to such statistics will oblige. When
was the plan of placing bodies in a reception
room, with a bell at hand, discontinued at New
York ? Is such a plan at present in practice at
Frankfort or elsewhere P J. P.
PUBLIC LIBRARY, DUBLIN. — Among the Or-
mond State Papers, catalogued for sale in 1834,
by Thorpe, 1 find the following entry tinder
No. 662: _
" Oct. 24, 1705. A warrant was issued to admit, free of
duty, sixty cases and fourteen hogsheads of Books pur-
chased in Kngland by the Lord Primate, for the use of
the Public Library in Dublin."
Is anything known of this purchase, which was,
I presume, intended for Marsh's Library ?
A IKEN IRVINE.
Fivemiletown.
ALEXIS ST. MARTIN. — Is this Canadian (the
subject, by a gun-shot wound, of Dr. Beaumont's
experiments in Digestion) still in England, and
have any additional experiments been made P
J. P.
SINNOT AND DILLON FAMILIES. — The following
genealogy is given in the earliest registry book of
the co. Wexford monthly meeting of the Society
of Friends or Quakers : —
Sinnot had two sons, viz. Sir Pierce Sin-
not, James Sinnot.
James Sinnot had one daughter, viz. Eleanor.
Eleanor Sinnot married Edmund Doran ; off*,
one daughter, Mary.
Mary Doran married (2nd mo. 12tb, 1659) to
Luke Dillon, son of Patrick and Anne Dillon of
Athlone.
Luke Dillon and his wife appear to have been
the first of the series who became Quakers. They
had a numerous family, and from them a great
number of persons in and out of the Society of
Friends in Ireland, can trace their descent through
the female line. Family tradition says that Luke
Dillon built a house (now standing, and occupied
by some of his descendants) at Coolerdine, near
Enniscorthy, on the site of an old castle of the
Sinnots, most of whose property was confiscated
early in the seventeenth century. It does not
appear, however, that their castle went by the
name of Cooladine. Can you or any of your cor-
respondents refer me to some list of forfeitures, or
other authority, from which I might discover some-
thing more respecting the Sinnots of the county
of Wexford, and their antecedents ? R. W.
UPSALL. — Can any of your readers inform me
where I can obtain information about the Lords de
Upsall ? Arms, arg. a cross sa. fretty or. (Burke's
Heraldry.) There is a meagre account of one m
Drake's Eboracum, and their arms are still to be
seen in a stained glass window in South Kilving-
ton church, Yorkshire. EBORACUM.
WILMER OF DUDLEY. — In the Visitation of
Staffordshire by George Harrison, Windsor Herald,
in 1663, it is recorded that Martha, natural
daughter of Edward Lord Dudley, and sister of
the celebrated Dudd Dudley, author of the Me-
taUum Marlis, and one of the earliest Staffordshire
ironmasters, married Thomas Wilmer of Dudley.
I should feel much obliged to any correspondent
of " N. & Q." who could refer me to a pedigree
of this branch of the Wilmer family, or give me
3rd S. IL JULY 12, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
29
any information respecting the descendants of this
Thomas by Martha his wife. H. S. G.
BIBLE, 1682 : ITALIC REFERENCES. — In an old
12mo Bible, " printed by the assigns of J. Bell,
T. Newcomb, and Hen. Hills, 1682," I find, in
places in the text an italic letter here and there,
occasionally often, which are not references (these
being by asterisks, &c.) Thus in Genesis, chap,
xxxiii. verse 3, " And he passed over b before
them, and c bowed himself to the ground d seven
times." What is the meaning of these letters ?
J. P.
[The italic letters in question will be found on ex-
amination to indicate, for the most part, renderings in
•which our Translators have felt it expedient to deviate
in a greater or less degree from the renderings of the
Vulgate. In a few instances, where this is not the case,
the italic letter appears to indicate the rendering of one
Hebrew by two or three English words — a thing'; not
always avoidable, as Hebrew scholars are aware. In
neither case are the italic letters employed with any re-
gard to method or uniformity. Our impression is, that
in this edition of the English Bible the italic letters
were in the first instance inserted passim ; that after a
part of the work was set up, it was wisely determined to
take them out ; but that this was done carelessly, so that
here and there they held their ground, as in part of Gen.
xxxiii. So also in a few other passages, as in Gen. iii.
24; xxv. 14; and xxvii. 35.]
THE BALLAD OF SIB JAMES THE ROSE. — Can
you or any of your readers inform me whether
the old Scottish ballad of Sir James the Rose, on
which the more modern poem of Michael Bruce,
bearing the same title is founded, be still extant ?
If it is, where is it to be found ? C. M.
[In the ballad written by Bruce, although the 'story is
dramatically constructed and skilfully worked out, there
is little originality. Many ancient compositions record
similar incidents, and Pinkerton and Motherwell have
both preserved copies of a very early ballad, from which
it is more than probable the ideas of Bruce were bor-
rowed. Motherwell (Minstrelsy, Ancient and Modern.
4to, 1827, p. 321) states, that "this old north country
ballad, which appears to be founded on fact, is well
known in almost every corner of Scotland. Pinkerton
printed it in his Tragic Ballads, 1781 (vol. i. p. 61),
' from,' as h« says, ' a modern edition in one sheet 12mo,
after the old copy.' Notwithstanding this reference to
authority, the ballad certainly received a few conjec-
tural emendations from his own pen ; at least, the pre-
sent version, which is given as it occurs in early stall
prints, and as it is to be obtained from the recitations of
elderly people, does not exactly correspond with his.
Two modern ballads have sprung out of this old one,
namely, Sir James the Rose, and Elfrida and Sir James
Perth. The first by Michael Bruce: the latter is an
anonymous production, printed in Evans's Collection, edit.
1810, vol. iv. It might be curious (continues Mother-
well) to ascertain which of these mournful ditties is
the senior, were it for nothing else than perfectly to
enjoy' the cool impudence with which the graceless
youngster has appropriated to itself, without thanks or
acknowledgment, all the best things which occur in the
other." In some copies the ballad is entitled Sir James
the Ross. Mr. Pinkerton informs us that "Rose is an
ancient and honourable name in Scotland. Johannes de
Rose is a witness to the famous Charter of Robert the
Second, testifying his marriage with Elizabeth More, as
appears in the rare edition of it printed at Paris in
1695."]
JERUSALEM CHAMBER : HENRY IV. PART II.
ACT IV. SCENE 4. —
" K. Hen. Doth any name particular belong
Unto the lodging where I first did swoon?
War. 'Tis called Jerusalem, my noble Lord.
K. Hen. Laud be to Heaven ! — even there iny life
must end.
It hath been prophesied to me manj' years,
I should not die but in Jerusalem ;
Which vainly I suppos'd the Holy Land : —
But, bear me to that chamber, there I'll lie ;
In that Jerusalem shall Harry die."
Does the chamber derive its origin from the
incident here recorded, the Earl of Warwick
framing his answer so as to prepare the King for
his approaching end ? or had the Jerusalem
Chamber been previously so called ? if so, from
what did it take its name ? Where may I find
any mention of this ? F. PHILLOTT.
[For an interesting paper on the Jerusalem Chamber,
by the Rev. Thomas Hugo, M.A., F.S.A., see the Gentle-
man's Magazine for July, 1861, p. 1. There was probably
a Jerusalem Chamber in Westminster Abbey erected by
Henry III., for the "Continuator" of Histories Croylan-
densis states, that " the King, relying upon a deceptive
prophecy, proposed to set out for the Holy City of Jeru-
salem ; but, falling into mortal sickness, died at West-
minster, in a certain chamber called of old time Jerusalem,
and so fulfilled the vain prediction." Mr. Hugo conjec-
tures that the first Jerusalem Chamber was furnished
with decorations from subjects in the Gospel narrative
painted upon its walls, and hence obtained its character-
istic title.]
BUTTER, BUTTERFLY, ETC. — The etymology of
these words is kindly asked for and required by
G. W. S. P.
[Butter is generally derived from the Gr. ^O-JTV^OV, which
some think to be of Scythian origin, while others view it
as compounded of /Safe, an ox or cow, and rvfo;, cheese. In
A.- S. we have buter, and in kindred languages boeter, hotter,
boter, &c., all signifying butter. The butterfly is so called,
as one etymologist thinks, " because of its buttery soft-
ness ;" or, as another suggests, because a particular sort is
yellow, like butter. The German language offers some-
thing that seems to come closer. The Germans have a
large kind of butterfly, or rather moth, which infests the
dairy, and has a marked partiality both for butter and
milk. This with them, especially in Low Dutch, is pro-
perly the butterfliege (butterfly). May not the name of
the species have passed to the whole race ? The same
pest of the dairy is called in German buttervogel (butter-
bird), molkendieb (whey-thief), and milchdieb (milk-thief).
It has, however, been suggested that the butterfly is
properly the fluttering-fly. Conf. in old English, bate, to
flutter, as a hawk.}
MARABOU FEATHERS. — One often hears now
of Marabou feathers. What are they ? X.
[We have heard it gravely stated that Marabou
30
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. JOLT 12, '62.
feathers are the under feathers of the ostrich's wing, and
that thev derive their name from their use, being worn
by the Marabouts of Africa. We suspect, however, that
this one of those cooked etymologies, the materials of
which are chiefly due to fancy. The "plumes de mara-
bou," according to Bescherelle, are the feathers of a bird
called Marabou, which have long been prized by French
ladies. " Marabou. Oiseau de genre cigogne." The fea-
thers are also imported into England. — " Marabou-stork.
At least two species of large storks are so called ; the
delicate white feathers beneath the wing and tail form
the marabou-feathers imported to this country. One
species is a native of West Africa (Leptoptilus marabou) ;
the other is common in India, where it is generally called
the adjutant; it is the Leptoptilus argala." — Ogilvie,
Supplement.]
QUOTATION WANTED. — By whom, when, and
where were the words, ~2,irdpT<u> £A.<XX«S, ravrav KoV/x«j,
originally said ? I am acquainted with the passage
in Cicero (Ep. ad Alt. iv. 6 ; cf. * i. 20), where
the expression is quoted ; but the only notes that
I have give no information as to the origin of the
saying. P. J. F. GANTILLON.
2, Fittville Parade, Cheltenham.
[The expression is employed by Plutarch, who seems
to use it as a proverb, De Animi Tranquillitate, ed Reiskii,
vii. 847. Erasmus, though apparently on insufficient
grounds, represents Plutarch as attributing the expression
to Solon. Adagia, ed. 1643, p. 638.]
DR. JOHNSON ON PUNNING.
(3rd S. i. 171, 498.)
I do not think that CLARRY should insist on
my being severely logical, whilst he indulges in a
style so flighty and figurative. I delayed an-
swering a question which, to me, seemed trivial
and unimportant, and he charges me, in a meta-
phor greatly out of place, with " making no sign."
I quoted a saying attributed to Dr. Johnson, and
he asks me jocosely if I have read that great man
" in the original" — in Johnsonese, I presume, as
contradistinguished from a less pompous style !
But, worst of all, he drags into the argument a
paper which I read nearly twelve months ago, on
a subject totally unconnected with that now before
us.
^ As he puts the question, however, I have no
difficulty whatever in answering it. I did get the
saying of Dr. Johnson on the authority of " some
quotation." I wish he had done the same with
regard to his assertion that I denied to the Pipe
Rolls " any value as evidence ; " for which asser-
tion he has drawn entirely on his imagination, as
I never said any thing of the kind. A copy of
my paper is now before me ; and as he has put
Olivet's Commentary, in loe., quoting from Manutius,
refert to Suidas and Plutarch for the origin of the adage.
me on my defence, I trust the Editor of " N. & Q."
will indulge me by printing the remarks exactly
as I made them : —
" Topography is, critically and really, the Art of De-
scribing Places, and their Associations: practically, it U
too often that of transcribing, without note, comment, or
application, wordy and uninteresting Documents, or Deeds
and Rolls, illegible or untranslatable by the generality of
readers. If, indeed, these documents be re-cast, almost
everything, beyond mere names and dates, is kept in
abeyance, and "little or no attempt is made to illustrate
obsolete or local habits and customs. With abundance of
suggestive incidents, which, if properly explained and
illustrated, would command general interest, we are tan-
talized with dry extracts from deeds, charters, close-
rolls, pipe-rolls, and patent-rolls, and are merely told by •
what tenure somebody who was never before heard of,
held of somebody long since forgotten, some scrap of a
manor that has now no existence.
" Yet there is scarcely an old record of the kind that
does not contain at least one or two points of quaint
primitive history, or refer to customs, which, cleverly
dilated on, could hardly fail to make pleasant reading.
But they are slurred over, as entirely beneath the notice
of a writer pledged to legal dulness and conscientiously
apprehensive of amusing."
Surely even CLARET, after reading this extract,
will be prepared to admit that so far from under-
valuing " the Pipe Rolls," I am only finding fault
with those who, whilst so well qualified to bring
out all their points of interest, content themselves
by placing them, verbatim et literatim, before the
reader, instead of making them the basis of a
pleasant and readable essay on the bye-gones of
Old England.
But to revert to the original question — Did
the great Johnson ever say anything so " illogical
and pointless," as that punsters and pickpockets
should be placed in the same category ? The
dictum is certainly not found in Boswell ; but,
bearing in mind his well-known aversion to puns—
his violent and unguarded denouncement of all
who were so unfortunate as to incur his displea-
sure, to mention only Whigs and Scotchmen, and
his own admission that by the definition of Oats
in his Dictionary, he "meant to vex" the latter
— it is more than probable that in one of his surly
moods, he broke out into the expression so gene-
rally attributed to him. When we find a contro-
versy still going on as to the last words of Pitt,
and have on record such diametrically opposite
opinions as to those of Addison, we must not be
too particular in insisting on the exact utterances
of a great man, especially where they are consistent
with his well-known sentiments.
May I suggest to CLARET that any further
communications from him should be subscribed
with his real name and address, as I have never
withheld mine. DOUGLAS ALLFORT.
Epsom, Surrey.
3'd S. II. JULY 12, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
31
GLOVES.
(3rd S. i. 403.)
With reference to the etymology of gloves, by
MB. KEIGHTLEY, I might refer to a paper which
was given by me to Messrs. Parkers' National
Miscellany, on their use and the derivation of the
word. Differing entirely from MR. KEIGHTLEY
in the last respect, I may again adduce my views
(which met at the time considerable assent) with
some additions.
After following their Greek" and Roman use, I
proceed : —
" This Roman and Grecian use would, however, tend
nothiug to their etymology or the elucidation of their
mediaeval and symbolical use, which is our principal aim
at present. The general name for gloves is, in French,
gant. In Italian, and classically derived languages, gunnto ;
from the barbarous Latin wantos and wantonene, by the
mere interchange of the initial gutturals. The Germans,
who wish to make their language pure and self-support-
ing, call them rationally shoes of the hand (handschuhe) ;
but the English term glove is, for our northern and sym-
bolical use, the most expressive and most ancient. John-
son was glad to find an Anglo-Saxon word to which he
could refer it in selope (gelofe), (not found in Bosworth),
without further explanation, as in all his etymologies.
A more careful examination of the word is necessary, and
will reward our exertions. In modern High German,
geloben, is to vow ; which, in the Low or Platt dialect, is
contracted into globen, and, by the identity of b and v
(understood by all philologists), gloven. As the Low or
Platt dialect was the sole spoken before Luther trans-
lated the Bible into his own High dialect of Over or
Upper Saxony, a Teutonic mediaeval knight, throwing
down the gauntlet as a challenge, and using the words
Dat is min glove, (That is my belief,) would only express
the confidence of his opinion ; but the act would soon be-
come a symbol, and the symbol thence receive its name
of GLOVE."
In Gent. Mag., 1791, June (p. 513), we have a
curious Dutch example of the same word in the
engraving of a Delft jug, with figures on three of
its sides, and explanatory inscriptions in capitals
below : " DE LEIFTE (love) ; DE GEREGTICHEID
(justice) ; GLOF (faith, or truth)." And in the
Glosses to an old German edition of De Olde
Reynike Voss, Hamburg, 1660 (p. 250*), the fol-
lowing remark, so much to my purpose that I
will venture to quote it : —
" Wo wol nu by den olden Dudeschen ein HantgeKffte
groth, geachtet gewesen, alse vdat darmit truwe und
gelove ys geholden worden."
(As, therefore, by the old Germans a Hand-vow
was held sufficiently binding to preserve thereby
troth and faith). And the annotator follows up
his words with the testimony of Tacitus, that the
German held more of simple promises than the
Roman of written deeds.
As, however, everything may be viewed in a
double point of view, — subjectively, when con-
sidered by the purely thinking, or objectively
when viewed from a spot out of or beyond the
spectator, — so this word glove, which is belief or
confidence, becomes faith and truth as inspired
by the firm belief in an assertion, a cause, or a
person : and the gauntlet (diminutive of the;
French gant) thrown down is the symbol, as the
English glove is the verbal actuality of such
confidence.
The permanence in the observance of a plighted
troth, and the symbol of the glove in our country,
is well exemplified in the following extract from
Chambers' Miscellany : —
" The Borderers having once pledged their faith, even
to an enemy, were very strict in observing it ; and looked
upon its violation as a most heinous crime. When an
instance of this kind occurred, the injured person at the
first Border meeting rode through the field displaying a
glove (the pledge of faith) upon the point of his lance,
and proclaimed the perfidy of the person who had broken
his faith ; and so great was the indignation of the assem-
bly against the perfidy of the criminal, that he was often
slain by his own clan to wipe out the disgrace he had
brought upon them."
I have already spoken of the old German apo-
logue of Reynike Voss, a poem which Gothe
thought equalled the Odyssey, and of which he
gave a very bad High German paraphrase. Upon
this poem Dryer, a very excellent German lawyer,
wrote a book to show its services in matters of
German and general jurisprudence; and I may,
therefore, adduce a passage of it in which a judi-
cial challenge is given with a glove by Isegrim the
Wolf to Reynard, as a true picture of such a
procedure, p. 228 (edit. Hamburg, 1660). The
Wolf says : —
" Dith ys de sake, darmit ick yuw betye,
Wy willen kempen umme oldt und nye.
Ick essche yuw tho Kampe tho disser tydt,
Ick spreke: dat gy ein Vorreder und Mbrder sydt;
Ick wil mit yuw kempen Lyff umme Lyff,
Es much sick einer endigen unse Kyff,
De uthbiith den Kamp, dat ys dat Recht.
Einen. Hantschen den andern tho donde plecht,
Den hebbe gy hyr, nemet en tho yuw,
Drade schal sick dat vinden nu.
Here Koninck und alle gy Keren gemeen,
Dith hebbe gy gehort und mo'gent hyt seen :
He schal nicht wychen uth dessem Recht
Ehr disse Kamp wert redder gelecht/'
Of which the following translation aims only at
being literal : —
" This is what my challenge will show,
We will fight both for old and new.
I demand you to single combat here,
And call you traitor, murderer.
The fight shall be fixed for life and death,
One of us here shall bite the earth :
He that survives shall be call'd i'th' right.
Each a glove must give to prove him true knight :
There is mine thrown, now you up it take,
God defend the right for Jesus' sake.
Great King, and all ye Peers around,
You've heard and I your ev'dence found :
He shall not be freed from this my plea,
Till the suit by combat decided be."
It seems the pledge, or glove, was given by
32
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3">S. IL JUI.Y U
both parties to the umpire : for (ibid. p. 229,) we
find: —
4t De KOninck entfinck de Pande do
Van Reinecken ock van Isegrime dartho."
" The King receives the pledge from both,
From Reynard and Isegrim, signs of troth."
It is unnecessary to go further into the nu-
merous examples of gloves given as challenges of
a subjective belief, or evidences of objective
truth, such as gifts or traditions of lands and
houses. Of this latter, the glove thrown by the
intrepid young Conraddin, the last of the Hoben-
staufen male line, from the scaffold in the market-
place at Naples in 1282, amongst the crowd, and
carried to Peter of Arragon, was the best voucher
of title in the Spanish crown to the kingdom of
both Sicilies, which it so long enjoyed.
WIU.IAM BEU, PhU. Dr.
FORGETFULNESS AFTER SLEEP.
(3* S. i. 406.)
Mr. George Combe in his System of Phrenology,
vol. ii. p. 224,* under the article " Memory," has
an abstract of a report read by Dr. Dewar before
the Royal Society, in February 1822, on a com-
munication from Dr. Dyce of Aberdeen, ** On
Uterine Irritation, and its Effects on the Female
Constitution ; " which abstract and Mr. Combe's
remarks thereon, I have abbreviated as follows :
Dr. Dewar stated that it was a case of mental
disease, attended with some advantageous mani-
festations of intellectual powers ; and these mani-
festations disappeared in the same individual in
the healthy state. It exhibited an instance of a
phenomenon which is sometimes called double
consciousness, but is properly a divided conscious-
ness, or double personality, showing in some mea-
sure two separate and independent trains of
thought, and two independent mental capabilities
in the ; same individual ; each train of thought,
and each capability, being wholly dissevered from
the other, and the two states in which they re-
spectively predominate subject to frequent inter-
changes and alterations.
The patient was a girl aged sixteen years ; the
affection appeared immediately before puberty,
and disappeared when that state was fully es-
tablished. It lasted from March 2 to June 11,
1815, under the eye of Dr. Dyce. The first
symptom was an uncommon propensity to fall
asleep in the evening. This was followed by the
habit of talking in her sleep on these occasions.
One evening she fell asleep in this manner, im-
agined herself an episcopal clergyman, went
through the ceremony of baptising three children,
and gave an appropriate extempore prayer. The
• Edit. 5th. Edinburgh : Maclachan & Stewart. 1863.
mistress took her by the shoulders, on which she
awoke, and appeared unconscious of everything,
except that she had fallen asleep, of which she
showed herself ashamed. She sometimes dressed
herself and some children, of whom she had the
care, while in this state, or, as her mistress called
it, " dead asleep ; " answered questions in such a
manner as to show that she understood the ques-
tion ; but the answers were often, though not
always, incongruous. Sometimes the cold air
awakened her ; at other times she was seized
with the affection while walking out with the
children. She sang a hymn delightfully in this
state ; and from a comparison which Dr. Dyce
had an opportunity to make, it appeared incom-
parably better done than she could accomplish
when well.
In the mean time a still more singular and in-
teresting symptom began to make its appearance :
the circumstances which occurred during the pa-
roxysms were completely forgotten by her when the
paroxysm, was over, but were perfectly remembered
during subsequent paroxysms; and it was on this
account that Mr. Combe introduced the case under
the head of " Memory." Her mistress said, that
when in this stupor on subsequent occasions, she
told her what was said to her on the evening on
which she baptised the children. On a following
Sunday she went to church with her mistress,
while the paroxysm was on her. She shed tears
during the sermon, particularly during the ac-
count given of the execution of three young men
at Edinburgh, who had described in their dying
declarations the dangerous steps with which their
career of vice and infamy had its commencement.
When she returned home she recovered in a
quarter of an hour ; was quite amazed at the
questions put to her about the church and the
sermon, and denied that she had been in any
such place ; but the next night, on being taken
ill, she mentioned that she had been at church,
repeated the words of the text, and, in Dr. Dyce's
hearing, gave an accurate repetition of the tragical
narrative of the three young men by which her
feelings bad been so powerfully affected.
Drs. Dyce and Dewar give no theory to account
for these very extraordinary phenomena. They
mention that the girl complained of confusion and
oppression in her head on the approach of the
fits ; and after that catamenia had been fairly es-
tablished, the whole symptoms disappeared. On
May 28, 1838, Mr. Combe saw a similar case at
Birmingham, — that of Mary Parker, aged six-
teen years, who during the three previous years
had exhibited similar phenomena. See Phren.
Journ. vol. xi. p. 604. He remarks that the facts
are interesting, though inexplicable.
These cases somewhat differ from that of the
German officer, insomuch as the phenomena ap-
peared at a certain and critical period, wheu a
S. II. JULY 12, 'C2.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
33
great physical change occurs in the female con-
stitution : yet are they none the less interesting on
that account.
While I now write, I am told of a similar case
to that of the officer. A middle-aged woman in
good health, has for some years been affected in
like manner. What she does in sleep is generally
forgotten ; and on being reminded, all that has
occurred to her while in that state " floats dimly
upon her recollection like a dream."
Many instances such as this last there are, es-
pecially among young persons ; though, perhaps,
few altogether like the case of the German officer.
ERNEST W. BARTLETT.
FAMILIES OF FIELD AND DE LA FELD :
THE PREFIX " DE LA " TO ENGLISH SURNAMES.
(3rd S. I. 427.)
Nothing is more natural than that the prefix
De la should have been dropped from the name
De la Feld, or that the foreign form Feld should
have been Anglicised into Field. Yet it does not
follow that all families bearing the English name
Field are descended from the foreign De la Felds.
The tracing of their descent must, however, be left
to the genealogist. My object in addressing you
is to point out the derivation of this name and
other similar names, once so common in England.
Mr. M. A. Lower, in his Patronymica Britan-
nica, says that the prefix De la "is found with
many medieval surnames. It does not' necessarily
imply the French extraction of the bearer, for
many of the names are purely English ; e. g. De
la Broke, De la Bury, De la Cumbe, De la Dale,
De la Field" &c. — P. 85.
Under the head " De la Pole " (p. 272), Mr.
Lower further states that " the French De la was
affected by the great merchant of Hull, who be-
came ancestor of the De la Poles, Earls of Suf-
folk. He flourished in the fourteenth century."
In the opinions thus expressed I cannot entirely
agree. That any such addition should have been
made in or about the fourteenth century, is of
all things most unlikely ; for it was then that the
French De or De la was generally dropped from
our surnames, in consequence, no doubt, of our
wars with France, which made such prefixes un-
popular or perhaps unfashionable, as it is now be-
coming fashionable to resume them.
The names which Mr. Lower cites as being
"purely English" I look on as Flemish, their origi-
nal bearers having come over to England when
French was the language of the higher classes,
and having translated this prefix, much in the
same way as, at the present day, is done with the
German von. For instance, Alexander von Hum-
boldt as often signed his name "de H." as "von H."
I have little doubt that for the whole of the
names given by Mr. Lower modern Flemish or
Dutch equivalents may be met with. Looking
merely into the London Directory I find Ten-
Broeke (De la Broke), Van den Bergh (De la
Bwry ?), Van der Com (De la Cumbe), Van der
Velde (De la Feld). So, too, De la Pole (or De
la Poole, as Shakspeare has it, and as it was com-
monly pronounced) is the modern Dutch Van der
Poel, the celebrated merchant of Hull having been
a Netherlander and not a native Englishman. A
learned countryman of his, a valued contributor
to " N. & Q.," could, no doubt, furnish you, if he
kindly would, with the key to most of our " Eng-
lish " surnames commencing with De la.
Among such names I would myself particu-
larise De la Beche, as being merely a Norman
rendering of the Flemish Van der Beke, written
by a Latin scribe, to whom the Teutonic k was
unknown, and who consequently represented it
by ch. This is made manifest by the entries on
the Roll of Boroughbridge, in which the names
of the father and brother of Nicholas, Lord de la
Beche of Aldworth, in the county of Berks, are
indifferently written " Sire Ph' de Bek' piere,"
" Sire Phelip de la Bech'," " Sire Joh'n de Beck'
65," and " Sire Joh'n de Bek'."
This indiscriminate use of the forms Beche and
Beke proves, beyond all question, that the latter
was the true pronunciation ; and I have little
doubt that the Bekes, whom we find at Reading,
Whiteknights, and Shinfield in the same county of
Berks, in the fifteenth century, were descendants
of the De la Beches of Aldworth ; they having, like
the De la Felds, dropped the unpopular Norman
prefix.
It is a fact deserving of notice that in all the
records, in which I find the name of the Lincoln-
shire family of Beke of Eresby, the ancestors of
the Lords Willoughby de Eresby, the k is pre-
served, or at times its equivalent, c ; whereas, in
the early records of Sussex and Kent (in Domes-
day Book CAenth), as in Berkshire, the name is
spelt BecAe, even in the case of those members of
the family who resided here at BeAesbourne, and
gave to it their name, the first of them being
Hugh de Beche of Battel, administrator of Battel
Abbey from 1171 to 1175.
This shows that in the north of England the
Saxon element prevailed among the " clerks,"
whilst in the south it was Latin or Roman ; and,
it is not irrelevant to add, that, when I was in
Tuscany the year before last, a custom-house offi-
cer gave me a receipt for duties in the name of
BecAe. How else could he, any more than his
Latin ancestors, spell the word Be&e ?
Before concluding this letter, which has run to
a greater length than intended when begun, I
would ask two questions : —
1. On what pretence did the late Sir Henry T.
De la Beche claim descent from the De la BecAes
34
NOTES AND QUERIES.
S. II. JOLT 12, '62.
of Aid worth ? As I have already shown, the ancient
name would naturally have reverted into Beke,
such being its pronunciation ; but it could never
have become Beach, Beech, or anything in which
the soft sound of ch prevails.
2. How is it that the distinguishing addition to
the title of Lord Willoughby de Eresby is so fre-
quently made tf Eresby, as if it were French ?
The de here is Latin. The family signature is
not abbreviated. I find the contraction made in
Dod's Parliamentary Companion and Peerage, and
other works : even in the otherwise scrupulously
correct Kelly's London Directory.
CHARLES BEKE.
Bekesboarne.
BLUE AND BUFF.
(3"1 S. i. 472, 500.)
Your correspondent L. asks if the combination
of blue and buif, as party colours in England, can
be traced to an earlier date than 1745. In The
Molriad, a description in verse of an Exeter elec-
tion, and a book (from which I have before quoted
in these pages) which was written in 1737, al-
though not published till 1 770, is more than one
reference to Blue and Yellow as party badges.
The poem itself, it is to be observed, was com-
posed in 1737, and only a portion of the prose
notes date to 1770. In the Preface, the origin of
the adoption of the two colours is thus referred
to: —
" Persons remote, who may possibly look over this
little Piece of Itallery, may want to be advertis'd, That
in the Time of the last Election of Members to represent
this Citv in Parliament (that which preceded the Mayor-
alt}' of Mr. Arthur Culme, which began in September,
1737), one Party distinguish'd themselves by Cockades
of Blue Colour or Yellow. The Seat of one of the then
chosen Members soon after becoming vacant, before it
was known who would be Candidates for the Succession,
the Mob (who before us'd to bawl about the Street, Sound
for . . . such an one : or Sound for . . . snch ! naming
the Gentlemen) resolving mostly to stick to their Leaders,
or Alloers, in the foregoing Election, though intirely
ignorant particularly for whom, chsmg'd their Notes to
Sound for tlie Blue ! and Sound for the Yellow ! — meaning
thereby they were absolute Retainers to such different
Parties as had distinguish'd themselves by Ribons of
those several Colours : And thence tfte Slue and the Yel-
low became the adopted Terms for Tory and Whig, &c."
In the poem itself, are the following (among other)
mentions of these party badges : —
" The Yellow Greeks with vast Huzza rush in ;
And Blues look bluer at the dauntful Din."
" Greeks. So we surname, I know not why, the rugged
inhabitants of St. Sidwella. The title seems to have
arisen from their contending with the City at Foot-ball,
&c., they being called Greeks, as making the Invasion,
and the Townsmen perhaps Trojans in defending their
Ground." (P. 75.)
" A Hundred Throats club Energy of Bawl
For Blue! A Hundred for the YtUow ! squawl."
(P. 78.)
"Again that malapert Sleeve-laughing Crew
In Mourning hang our Maud'len daub'd with Blue."
" Maudlen, or properly Magdalen, Gallows, the Execu-
tion Tree for High Treason, Felonies, &c. committed
within the County or City of Exeter. Divers super-
eminent personages of the Blue Army (among whom a
Blind man was one) having had the Whim to paint
their Houses, significantly, of that Colour, to show their
Extravagance of Zeal; — it happened that, on their
losing an Election, some conceal'd Wags of the contrary
Party, daub'd this Gallows partly of that Colour, and
withal hung ragged black Crape upon it, for Mourning."
(P. 143.)
" Old Prophecies, I've heard, in Terms declare,
The Turk shall fall by Men of Yellow Hair.
And shan't our Christian Yellow Knots subdue,
The more than heathenish Cockades of Blue?
They shall : I see how they inglorious droop
Ev'n on the Cockscombs of their Liv'ry Troop."
" Liv'ry Troop. The attendants on the Honourable
High-Sheriff at the Assizes, 1737 or 1738, wore Blue
Cockades, in profess'd Token of that Gentleman's being
of the Blue Party. [Many have followed the example
since, 1770.]" (P. 148.)
There is also an account of " a particular very
fat Madam" who "tore up her Blue Silk Gown
to make Cockades therewith;" of the City Waits
dressing themselves in Blue Cloaks ; and, of a
Warden of the Parish of St. Olave, " in his over-
boiling Love to the Blue Party," painting a Cob-
bler's Shop " of a very deep Blue, Windows,
Stall, and all." There is also the following pas-
sage, in which Buff is particularly mentioned : —
«• He ends. The hardy Bands of Buff attest
Their Potence with prevailing Voice the best."
" Buff. That formerly was the term of Distinction
assumed by the then low party, Sound and Buff being
the different Shiboleths then, as Blue and Yellow now are."
(P. 150.),
CTJTHBERT BEDE.
« HISTORY OF JOHN BULL" (3rd S. i. 340, 499.)—
There appears to be no sufficient reason for ques-
tioning Dr. Arbuthnot's exclusive title to the
authorship of this admirable satire. We have
Pope's distinct and positive statement to Spence,
that " Dr. Arbuthnot was the sole writer of John
Bull" (Spence's Anecdotes, by Singer, edit. 1820,
8vo, p. 145). The notices of it by Swift, in bis
Journal to Stella, are all in perfect accordance
with this declaration. He writes, May 10th,
1712: —
" I hope you read John Bull. It was a Scotch Gentle-
man, a friend of mine, that wrote it, but they put it upon
me."
And, June 17th, 1712: —
" John Bull is not wrote by the person you imagine "
(meaning, no doubt, the Dean himself). " It is too good
for another to own. Had it been Grub Street, I would
have let people think as they please, and I think that's
right."
And under the date, Dec. 12, 1712 : —
3rd S. II. JULY 12, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
35
" The Pamphlet of Political Lying is written by Dr.
Arbuthnot, the Author of ' John Bull.' "
Surely no more is needed to settle the question
of the authorship ; but if internal evidence is to
have its weight, it is all against Swift's being sup-
posed to be the writer. The straightforward nar-
rative and vein of humour, the simplicity and
general character of the composition, are clearly,
at least as appears to me, not in Swift's manner ;
but afford most manifest indications of the hand
of another great master of satire, with powers as
vigorous, distinct, and peculiar, as even those of
the immortal Dean himself. That Arbuthnot was
capable of any effort, however transcendant, in
that department of literature to which John Bull
belongs, take the evidence of those who knew him
best, the other two members of what has been
justly called " an illustrious Triumvirate." "He
has more wit than we all have," said Dean Swift
to a lady, " and his humanity is equal to his wit."
"His good morals," Pope used to say, "were
equal to any man's ; but his wit and humour
superior to all mankind." JAS. CROSSLEY.
If not noticed before, it may be worth while to
observe that Lord Macaulay ascribes this satire
to Arbuthnot without any apparent doubt. (Hist,
of England, v. 133.)
I do not follow MB. BOOTH in the reasoning of
his third paragraph. If he means to attach credit
to the opinion of Arbuthnot's son, the inference
should be that the " trashy " part of the book
referred to, not the History, was spurious.
On the opposite opinion Arbuthnot must be
considered a worthless writer, devoid of all real
wit and humour ; contrary to universal tradition
and opinion. LYTTELTON.
SARA HOLMES (3rd S. i. 465.) — With reference
to Lord MONSON'S inquiry, as to " who was Sara
Holmes," in your valuable magazine, I beg to say
that she was the wife of John Holmes, believed to
be the son of Sir John Holmes, Knt., Governor
of Usk Castle, Isle of Wight, circa 1670; and
nephew of Sir Robert Holmes, Governor of the
Isle of Wight in the time of Charles II., who left
a large property to the said John Holmes under
certain contingencies.
Query whether the property at stake is not
derivable from this source ? If so, it is unneces-
sary to inquire to what family Sara Holmes
belonged.
William, the son of John and Sara Holmes, it
is admitted, went to Ireland, and his great grand-
son is believed to have been George Holmes, born
in Ireland circa 1770, and settled in Bristol
1808 — whose grandson I am.
My grandfather was urged by several lawyers
to take steps towards the recovery of the pro-
perty. He did not do so, however ; and I can
only explain his apathy by the want of sufficient
means to prosecute his claims. I am in possession
of a good deal of information in MSS., &c., rela-
tive to the family, not however at hand just now ;
but I shall be happy to furnish Lord MONSON with,
further particulars through your columns on some
future occasion, and shall be glad if he can cor-
roborate or correct my statements.
AN ISLE or WIGHT HOLMES.
COVERDALE'S BIBLE (3rd S. i. 433; ii. 10.) —
E. A. D. may congratulate himself upon being
possessed of a hitherto undiscovered Tyndale's
Bible. The book he describes is certainly not
Coverdale's Bible, but Tyndale's translation of
1537. He asks where there is a copy of this book
to be found. In reply, he is told that no copy
has been hitherto discovered, only of the New
Testament, which is in the cathedral library at
Canterbury. I have compared the texts he men-
tions with Coverdale's quarto, 1537, of which
there is a copy in the British Museum ; and with
Taverner's, 1539, in my own collection, with the
quarto Coverdale and Tyndale, 1530, &c., and it
differs with them all to such an extent, as to war-
rant me in supposing it to be the lost edition of
Tyndale in its original state. It is needless to-
compare with Tyndale's first edition of the New
Testament, a correct edition of which I printed in
1836, which has since become scarce, although
4,000 copies were printed of it, with the Memoir
of the author, since reprinted in America in 1837.
The discovery of this book will operate in
forming a new era to the History of the English
Bible. I trust that E. A. D., if he disposes of
this book, will do it either to the Trustees of the
British Museum, or by public auction. It ought
upon no account to be kept in any private col-
lection. GEORGE OFFOB.
MACKELCAN FAMILY (3rd S. i. 409.) — I would
join a Query to that of H. M. N.'s by asking who
was the member of that family who published, at
London, by Richards, in 1753,
" A General History of the Lives and Adventures of
the most famous Highwaymen, Murderers, Street Rob-
bers, and Pyrates. The whole interspers'd with several
diverting Tales, and embellished with the Heads of the
most Remarkable Villains, neatly engraved. By Capt»
Mackelcan " ?
Title, matter, and cuts savour strongly of the
more famous chronicle of Capt. Johnson ; and,
until the Mackelcan family was inquired about, I
looked upon my book as a piratical compend of
that work, which some Curll of the day had put
forth with a fictitious name. I never saw but my
own copy of the book, which is a small octavo of
324 pages. J. O.
LITERATURE OF LUNATICS (3rd S. i. 451, 500.)
In an article by Mr. John Plummer, of Ketter-
insr, entitled " A Forgotten Poet," in Once a-
Week for May 11, 1861, is a poem on "The
36
NOTES AND QUERIES.
S. II. JULY 12, '62.
Daisy," dated 'March 20, 1860, and written by
John Clare, " the Northamptonshire Poet," who,
for the last twenty-five years, has been an inmate
of the Northampton County Lunatic Asylum.
CDTHBEBT BEDE.
ANALOGY BETWEEN COLOURS AKD MUSICAL
SOUNDS (3rd S. i. 485.)— By " colours " and " mu-
sical sounds " we mean either certain sensations .of
the brain, or else the impression made upon the
ear or eye which occasion such sensations.
In the first meaning of " colours " and " musical
sounds," it may be said that there is an analogy
between them, certain sensations of colour seem-
ing to harmonise (if that word may be allowed)
with certain sensations of sound.
But in such merely subjective sense of analogy,
much must depend upon individual idiosyncrasy.
I have not at hand Durandus On Symbolism, but
so far as my memory serves me, he speaks of the
"analogy" between the colour sky-blue and the
tones of the flute. In other words, the colour sky-
blue affects the mind in much the same manner as
would the tones of the flute. The sound of a
trumpet excites the tone of mind which the colour
scarlet suggests.
But it is possible to conceive of a mind so con-
stituted, or so compassed with associations, that in
it the colour sky-blue should excite morbid emo-
tions, and the colour scarlet should be suggestive
of happy peaceful summer days.
In the second meaning of " colours " and " mu-
sical sounds " there is so far an analogy between
them, that they are both the result of vibration.
In the one case the ear is affected by the waves of
air striking upon it ; in the other case the eye is
affected by the waves of that fluid of extreme te-
nuity which pervades all space so far as we are
cognisant of space.
It is possible that there may thus be some real
analogy, based upon the numerical relations of the
vibrations necessary for the effecting the percep-
tion of any particular colour or sound, such as
that which CHROMOPHONE suggests. W. C.
A series of articles " On the Analogy existing
between Musical Scales and Colours " by G. B.
Allen, Mus. Bac., appeared a few years past in
The Musical World. The writer quotes Field's
Chromatics, in support of his theories. Brewster
and other physicists have also written upon the
subject.
Taking one more step towards what I conceive
to be a universal law existing in nature, I have
enunciated, in The Art of Perfumery,0 the
analogy which exists between odours and sounds,
and have endeavoured to show that they depend
upon cognate laws.
At the Soiree of the Musical Society of Lon-
don, held at St. James's Hall last year, I ex-
* 3rd edition. Longman & Co.
hibited a series of odorous bodies arranged to a
scale of six octaves, each odour bearing its cor-
responding musical note. Many eminent musical
sarans there discussed the subject, and admitted
that I had at least established my theory. To
show facts, however, will require a series of diffi-
cult and recondite experiments. These I am
pursuing. Will CHBOMOPHOME help me to solve
the problem, the first proposition of which I have
laid down? G. W. SEPTIMUS PISSSE.
Chiswick, W.
I beg to refer CHROMOPHONE to The Music of
Nature, by William Gardener of Leicester, pub-
lished in 1832 by Longman & Co. Page 187.
H.J.
ADJUSTMENT OP THE ETE TO DISTANCE (3rd S.
J. 485.) — J. H. will find an account in the Hand-
book of Physiology, by Kirkes & Paget, p. 529.
1848. H. J.
Who, or what body of men may be intended
by u The optician," and " the physiologist," in
Dr. George Wilson's Essay, I do not pretend to
say ; but certain it is that the late Dr. Buckland,
who belonged to the latter class rather than the
former, did not continue proof against the argu-
ments so urgently " pressed upon his attention,"
until within three years of 1853.
In his Bridgewater Treatise published in 1837,
thirteen years earlier, after describing the " bony
sclerotic " surrounding the eye of the fossil Icthy-
osaurus, he continues : —
" In living animals, these bony plates are fixed in the
exterior or sclerotic coat of tha eye, and vary its scope
of action by altering the convexity of the cornea. By
their retraction, they press forward the front of the eye
and convert it into a microscope : in resuming their posi-
tion, when the eye is at rest, they convert it into a tele-
scope."— Geology and Mineralogy, bv Rer. W. Buck-
land, D.D., &c. 2 vote. 8vo. London, "1837. Vol. i. 174.
I think [it will be found on investigation, that
the worthy doctor was by no means the first to
"justify the optician " on this question, and that
therefore the animadversions in the Edinburgh
Essays were uncalled for. DOUGLAS ALLPOKT.
PLITRALITT OF EDITIONS (3rd S. i. 486.) — Will
your correspondent accept the following anecdote
of a person who some years ago stood prominently
forward in all the newspapers, and was placarded
upon all the walls of Liverpool, and other places,
as the major-domo of the Temple of JSsculapius ?
This gentleman, ycleped Dr. Solomon, made his
appearance at Paris upon the Peace of Amiens,
during the reign of Napoleon ; and wishing to
create a great impression of his importance, he
paraded -that city with a splendid equipage, and a
retinue of servants in liveries, exactly the coun-
terpart of those of the First Consul. Among those
he honoured with a visit was M. Pougens, the
celebrated Bibliophile, and proclaimed himself the
* S. II. JULY 12, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
37
author of the Guide to Health *— the most popular
work in England ! M. Pougens received him with
much politeness, and writing to an English friend
of mine, thus expressed himself: " Que est-ce que
c'est cet Docteur Solomon, qui s'appelle auteur
d'un Guide to Health? qui a eu, selon lui, cin-
quante cinq editions." And then significantly
added: " Je ne sais que la Bible qu'a eue un pareil
succes." I think your readers will not be much
at a loss to conjecture the reply my friend made.
RISUM TENEATIS ?
Dr. Buchan lived to see the eighteenth edition
of his celebrated Domestic Medicine. H. J.
CLIMATE OF ENGLAND (3rd S. i. 485.) — Many
of the causes affecting climate are easily explained.
Soil, elevation, nearness to the sea, or remoteness
from it, exposure to certain winds, or atmospheric
influences, natural barriers shutting out these
influences, and either causing the air to stagnate,
or warding off those that may be baneful or bene-
ficial ; proximity to large towns or manufactories,
drainage, and a variety of others.
In order to arrive at facts, great caution should
be used with regard to the statements contained
in locally-published Guide Books. "Every one
for his own " is especially the motto of all Little
Pedlingtonians, and the Cannibals who "live on
their lodgers " in Squampash flats, will unblush-
ingly hold forth in favour of the far-famed salu-
brity of the place.
Black's Where shall we Go ? gives the climate
and temperature of our various health-resorts
without prejudice ; but does not enter very deeply
into the philosophy of th'e question.
DOUGLAS ALLBORT.
RATS LEAVING A SINKING SHIP (2nd S. xii. 502 ;
3rd S. i. 78, 296.) — The following extract has
some bearing upon this question, submitted by
me some time ago, and since partially answered.
The superstition (for it seems to be little more)
appears to be of long standing : —
" I have often heard that the eating or gnawing of
clothes by rats is ominous, and portends some mischance
to fall on those to whom the clothes belong. I thank
God I was never addicted to such divinations, or heeded
them. I have heard indeed many fine stories told of
rats; how they abandon houses and ships, when the first
are to be burnt, and the second drowned. Naturalists
say they are very sagacious creatures, and I believe they
are so ;' but I shall never be of the opinion the}' can fore-
see future contingencies, which I suppose the devil him-
self can neither foreknow nor foretell ; these being things
which the Almighty hath kept hidden in the bosom of
* This Guide to Health was to promulgate, not a speci-
fic in any one particular disease, but a panacea, a medica-
mentum catholicum for all diseases; with the pompous
appellation of the " Balm of Gilead," and accompanied
with the quotation, from the Book of Jeremiah, viii. 22,
as a motto.
his divine prescience." — Sir James Turner's Memoirs,
temp. Car. II., Bannatyne edition, p. 59, quoted in the
Legend of Montrose.
JOB J. BAEDWELL WORKARD, M.A.
PRIVATE ACT (3rd S. i. 487.)— If Britton, in his
Architectural Antiquities, has not made a wrong
reference, the Private Act 35 Hen. VIII. ch. 9,
inquired for by VEDETTE, is the following : —
" Wapping Marsh, in the County of Middlesex, [not
Essex] shall be divided by certain Persons assigned, or
by any Six of them ; and Richard Hill, of London,
Mercer, the Assignee of Cornelius Wanderdelf (who at
his own Charge inned and recovered the same) shall have
one moiety thereof to him and his Heirs."
As the Act is private, and private Acts were
not printed until a subsequent period, VEDETTE
can nowhere obtain a copy, or see an abstract of
it. The original Roll may very probably be in-
spected at the Parliament Office, Westminster.
J. HOGGE DUFFY.
BlRTH-DAY OF GEORGE III. (3rd S. i. 305.) —
In contemporary publications the birth-day of
this prince is registered as being on May 24,
1738. It is so given in the Gentleman s Maga-
zine, wherein it is further said that " Mrs. Cannon
of Jermine Street, laid her Royal Highness, who
the evening before (the 23rd), had been walking
with the Prince in St. James's Park. EEIC says
the New Style pulled up the Calendar ten days.
The world was ten days in arrear, by Julius
Caesar's making the year eleven minutes too
long, when Gregory XIII. reformed the Calendar
in 1582 ; but when England adopted that Calendar
in 1752, we were eleven days in arrear. There-
fore, May 24 became June 4 (as September 3
became September 14) and the royal birth-day
was celebrated on the proper anniversary.
J. DOBAN.
LONGEVITY OF LAWYERS (3rd S. i. 345, 519.) —
There are at present at the Irish Bar three fair
samples of longevity, viz. Conway E. Dobbs, Esq.,
Under Treasurer of the Honorable Society of
King's-Inns, Dublin, called to the Bar in the
year 1795 ; the Right Hon. Thomas Langlois
Lefroy, Lord Chief Justice of the Court of
Queen's Bench, called in 1797, appointed a Baron
of the Exchequer in 1841, and promoted to his
present high post in 1852 ; and James Moody,
Esq., Chairman of Quarter Sessions, co. Cork,
W.R., called in 1797. With the exception of
the foregoing, all the members of the Irish Bar,
whose names, &c., are given in Thorn's Almanack
and Official Directory for 1862, pp. 915 — 924,
have been called subsequently to the commence-
ment of the present century. But, besides the
three above-named, there are sixteen of fifty
years' standing and upwards, the total number
upon the list being (as I have reckoned them)
1002. ABHBA.
38
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'<» S. IL JULY 12, 'G2.
FERULA (3rd S. i. 450, 512.) — Your corre-
spondent should be informed that the equivalent
in Greek of ferula, viz. vdp(h}£, is used in Xeno-
phon's Cyropeedia (n. iii. 20) for an instrument of
punishment. With what is the bastinado inflicted
in the East ? C. J. R.
TURKEY-COCKS (3rd S. i. 507.) — As these birds
were introduced from America and were unknown
in Europe previously, Izacke must be mistaken.
Perhaps in his day the Yeo family bore the
arms described, and he attributed the same to
their early ancestor. C. J. R.
AGE or NEWSPAPERS (3rd S. i. 287, 381, 435.)
In the following paragraph, your esteemed corre-
spondent MR. MACRAY, has, I think, made two
errors. He says : —
"The Caledonian Mercury of the present day was
founded by the celebrated printer and scholar Ruddiman,
in 1720, and, consequently, it cannot be said to be the
oldest newspaper in the realm. The resemblance in the
name to the Mercurius Caledonius has led to the mistake.''
The Caledonian Mercury was founded by Wil-
liam Holland, a lawyer, and it was printed for
him by William Adams, jun. The first number
appeared at Edinburgh, on Thursday, April 28,
1720. Adams printed 589 numbers, and on Jan-
uary 17, 1724, Ruddiman commenced printing
the subsequent number. In March, 1729, Rolland
died, and Ruddiman became the proprietor of the
paper.
MR. MACRAY says, the resemblance in the name
of the paper to the Mercurius Caledonius, has led
to the assertion that it is " the oldest newspaper
in the realm." It is not the similarity of name
that has led to the mistake, but the founder
of the Caledonian Mercury himself, who wished
the public to believe that his offspring was a con-
tinuation of the first native Scottish newspaper.
But, as Mr. Alexander Andrews justly observes :
" As that journal had ceased to exist for sixty years —
rather a protracted case of suspended animation — and
had never lived above ten weeks, it must be confessed a
bold stroke on the part of the projector of the new paper
to profess to have resuscitated, after so long a period, a
journal which might be reckoned to have come almost
still-born into the world ; but the founder, William Rol-
land, a lawyer, boldly brought it forth as a continuation of
the Mercurius Caledonius, and to this day (for it still
exists) it is, by some, stated to be the oldest paper in
Scotland." — The History of British Journalism, i. 288.
I may add, in conclusion, that, as regards dates,
Mitchell's Directory is a mass of error, calculated
only to mislead the uninitiated. If the ages of
some other newspapers were as easily settled as
that of the Caledonian Mercury, it would be no ]
very difficult task to compile a correct list.
EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. j
PORTRAITS or ARCHBISHOP CRANMER (3rd S. i.
416.) — I possess a small engraving of this prelate,
in which he is represented with a long beard and
moustache. There is neither date nor artist's
name given, but under the portrait (which is evi-
dently old from the character of the letters) is the
following : —
" THOMAS CUANMERCS.
" Errores Cranmere tuos tandem ultus, amore
Christi fers Hauunas, Martyriumque subis.
AB."
W. B.
BRAOSE FAMILY (3rd S. i. 489) — Your corre-
spondent F. L. has favoured us with a very elabo-
rate account of this family, and in conclusion
invites the communication of further particulars.
At a remote period they held considerable pro-
perty at Tetbury and the neighbourhood, in
Gloucestershire. In the Collection of Coats of
Armour of Gloucestershire, by Sir Geo. Nayler,*
Knt. (Lond. 1792,) the arms of Braose of Tet-
bury, are given (plate 8). There was a much
mutilated and dilapidated altar monument of the
Braose family, which was surrounded with figures
of members of that house, in the old church at Tet-
bury, pulled down rather more than eighty years
ago ; and I believe this monument was in such a
ruinous decayed state as not to admit of restora-
tion, so that I rather think it was thought neces-
sary to remove it altogether. Ralph Bigland,
Clarencieux-King-at-Arms, published Views in
Gloucestershire, now in the British Museum (191,
f. 3) ; these were of places taken alphabetically,
and were left off about midway from ill health of
the editor, and I do not conceive were finished
beyond the letter M. Still there are a few of the
plates, which were destined for the work had it
proceeded, which are preserved, and will be found
at the end of the volume as above. About the
101st plate is the representation of this Braose
monument, engraved by T. Bonner, an artist of
considerable merit. There are also views of the
old church, and two of the new church, which was
opened about eighty years ago. That of the old
church was for many years the only one in
existence. ANTIQUAHIUS.
COINS IN TANKARDS (3rd S. i. 50, &c.) — This is
a common practice at the present day among the
journeymen glass-blowers. II. S. G.
MONTHLY FEUILLETON ON FRENCH BOOKS.
Quelques Lettres de Louis XI V. et da Princes de sa Fa-
mille. 1688—1713. Paris, Aubry. London, Bartb.es
and Lowell.
This elegant little volume, published under the super-
* Garter King of Arms, Heralds' College (obit. Oct.
1831.)
. II. JULY 12, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
39
hitendence of M. le president Hiver, will serve to com-
plete th« collections which exist at present of letters
•written by Louis XIV. With the exception of three
curious documents, all the pieces now for the first time
printed are from the grand monarque himself; and they
illustrate, as the indication on the title-page sufficiently
shows, an extensive portion of his reign. The letter
addressed to Marshal Vauban was already known by
tradition ; and the reader cannot fail to admire it for the
noble sentiments it expresses, and the elegant terseness
of the style. M. Hiver aptly observes, that " la langue
de Bossuet e'tait devenue celle des hommes d'etat : " the
brochure with which he has presented us exemplifies this
remark in the most striking manner.
La Lettre de Change, son Origine. Documents Histo-
riques, by Jules Thieury. Paris, Aubry. London, Barthes
and Lowell.
M. Jules Thieury has inquired minutely into the origin
of Bills of Exchange, and presented his solution of the
problem under the shape of a pamphlet which will in-
terest, not only bankers and commercial men, but his-
torians and archaeologists. After alluding briefly to the
money transactions of classical antiquity, he quotes a pas-
sage showing that Bills of Exchange are mentioned in a
Venetian law, bearing date 1272, and which is quoted by
Nicolai de Tesseribus in his treatise De Scriptura Privata,
cap. de Litteris Cambli. The same author alludes like-
wise to a Statutum Avenionense of the year 1243, contain-
ing a chapter entitled " De Litteris Cambii." Starting,
therefore, from 1243, M. Thieury examines the two tradi-
tions which have hitherto passed current respecting the
•origin of Bills of Exchange. Some historians maintain
that they were invented by the Ghibelines on their ex-
pulsion from Florence, and they consider the Polizza de
Gambia as the origin of the modern document we are now
alluding to. If, however, the date 1243, or even 1272, be
admitted, it is impossible to acknowledge the claims put
forward in favour of the Ghibelines. The second hypo-
thesis consigns to the Jewish merchants of the Middle
Ages the honour of having first circulated Bills of Ex-
change ; and M. Thieury adopts it, quoting the learned
arguments of M. Nouguier (Des Lettres de Change et des
Effets de Commerce), and M. Pardessus (Introduction a
la Collection des Lois Maritimes). Our author thinks it
probable that the Crusaders of 1147 were the first who,
for the necessities of the journey, made use, through the
medium of the Jews, of " ces lettres au style concis et en
peu de paroles." The second part of M. Thieury's disqui-
sition contains several valuable historical documents ; and
amongst others, a copy of the first known Bill of Exchange,
being a specimen found in the works of the celebrated
Jurist, Baldus de Ubaldis.
Lettre en Vers sur les Mariages de Mile, de Rohan avec
M. de Chabot, etc., etc. Paris, Aubry. London, Barthes
and Lowell.
This poetical effusion is curious in more respects than
one. In the first place, the MS. from which it has been
transcribed, and which, at the latest, belongs to the year
1650, contains the following annotation: "L'autheur est
Je fils de M. le Maistre Paul Scarron. . . . Ce fils est un
jeune homme incommode de bras et de jambes, qui a le cul
dans un plateau, mais de tres bon esprit." If this indica-
tion is correct, it follows that the various editions of the
works of Madame de Maintenon's first husband are not
complete, since they none of them include the piece now
published by M. Aubry, and which extends to no less
than 250 lines. On the other hand, it would be perhaps
rash to ascribe to Scarron the authorship of the Lettre en
Vers merely from the testimony of an unknown anno-
tator; and although the poetry is neither better nor
worse than the average style of the burlesque rhymester,
the wisest course must be to leave the question subjudice,
especially as the printed Recueil des Mazarinades of the
Arsenal Library, in Paris, whilst reproducing (very im-
perfectly) the letter we are considering, does not supply
the name of the author.
But the interest connected with M. Aubry's amusing
volume arises from the historical events it relates, quite
as much as from its being the probable work of Scarron.
The marriage of Mademoiselle de Rohan created a great
deal of excitement at the time when it took place ; and
the brother of the bride, Tancrede de Rohan, by the
mystery of his birth, by his adventures, and his prema-
ture death, remains as one of the most singular charac-
ters of the seventeenth century If we now pass on to
the second episode described by the poet, namely, the
marriage of Julie d'Angennes with the Duke de Mon-
tausier, is it necessary to remind our readers that the
happy termination of a courtship which had lasted fifteen
years formed the topic of conversation amongst all the
ruelles and reunions of prScieux and precieuses ? The
third and last piece of matrimonial gossip mentioned in,
the letter refers to Mademoiselle de Brissac and Sabatier.
It has not left in history such recollections as the two
preceding ones, because the parties concerned have other-
wise obtained very little renown ; but it is most probable
that for the contemporaries of Scarron, Mademoiselle de
Brissac was quite as distinguished as the fair D'Angennes ;
and at all events, she was thought worthy of an equal
share in the inspirations of the poetical newsmonger.
The Lettre en Vers sur les Mariages is, to conclude, a
wretched piece of doggrel, never rising above the efforts
of Loret's well-known Muzc Historique; as a literary
production it deserves scarcely to be mentioned, and its
chief merit results from its historical importance. The
edition published by M. Aubry has reproduced all the
annotations contained in the original MS., and the nu-
merous incidents or characters mentioned have been,
further made the subject of illustrative comments, judi-
ciously added by way of supplement at the conclusion of
the volume.
Marguerite d'Angouleme, sceur de Franyois I., son Livre
de Depenses. E'tude sur ses dernierts Annies. Par le Comte
de la Ferriere-Percy. Paris, Aubry. London, Barthes
and Lowell.
M. de la Ferriere-Percy is well known in the anti-
quarian world for a number of interesting publications,
which have been received with the greatest success, and
even honourably mentioned by the Acadcmie des In-
scriptions et Belles Lettres. The monograph}' he now sends
forth from the press is particularly curious, because it
refers to one of the most illustrious princesses of the
Valois family, — a princess, moreover, whose reputation
is still a subject of debate amongst many. Marguerite
d'Angouleme's Livre de Depenses appears to have origi-
nally formed part of the papers preserved in the chateau,
of Conterne, in Normandy. This baronial residence,
pillaged during the revolution of 1789, belonged in the
first instance to Jehan de Frotte', secretary of the fair
Marguerite ; and it is through the kindness of the Mar-
quis de Frott^, a lineal descendant of Jehan, that M. de
la Ferriere-Percy has been enabled to publish it. Some
persons might be perhaps led to suppose that an account-
book can afford but very little historical information, to
say nothing of amusement and pleasure. M. de la Fer-
riere Percy, however, has triumphantly met this objec-
tion ; and his volume is really a narrative of the greater
part of Marguerite d'Angouleme's chequered life, and a
disquisition on the religious and intellectual movement
of the sixteenth century in France. The description of
the Registre des Dispenses leads naturally our author to
examine what was the amount of the princess's fortune ;
her'marriage is also alluded to as a matter of course, and
finally, an account is taken of the provisions which she
40
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[S^ S. II. JOLT 1
made for her family, her friends, and her retainers. It is
well known that Marguerite d'Angoulcme's court was
one of the most refined in civilised Europe ; her taste for
intellectual enjoyments had gathered together around
her a pleiad of brilliant and accomplished writers, whilst
the freedom of her opinions on matters of religion had
caused her to be suspected by the Sorbonne, and looked
upon with admiration by the early leaders of the Re-
formation in France. Hence the particular interest which
attaches itself to her Rcgistre des Dispenses, and which
makes every item it contains the fit text for a commen-
tary or a biographical excursus. The names of GeYard
Roussel, Boaistuau, Nicolas Denisot, Jacques Amyot,
Bonaventure des Periers, Clement Marot, occur repeated^',
reminding us both of one of the brightest epochs in the
history of French literature, and also of the zeal with
which the accomplished sister of Francis I. encouraged
the revival of elegant learning.
M. de la Ferriere- Percy has discussed, after M. Lut-
terote and others, the extraordinary charge adduced
against Marguerite d'Angouleme by the late M. Genin.
The document, which forms the sole basis of the accusa-
tion, being reprinted in the volume now before us, the
reader will be able to weigh the arguments of the learned
annotator. They seem to us irresistible. The Appendix
contains, besides, a transcript of several letters preserved
amongst the treasures of the Egerton Collection at the
British Museum, an accurate list of the persons com-
posing Marguerite's household during the year 1548, and
various other pages of equal importance. " An excellent
Index enables the reader, finally, to thread his way with
the greatest ease through the mass of details so judici-
ously accumulated by M. de la Ferriere-Percy.
Les Jeux d'Esprit, ou la Promenade de la 'Princesse de
Conti a Eu, par Mademoiselle de la Force ; publics par le
Marquis de la Grange. Paris, Anbry. London, Barthes
and Lowell.
The original MS. of the Jeux d'Esprit belonged to the
library of his late Majesty Louis Philippe, and was pur-
chased in 1852 by the Marquis de la Grange, who thought
that it might usefully appear in M. Aubry's amusing
Tr&or des Pieces rares ou incdites. As a literary produc-
tion, the work is not of very great merit ; but it is a
monument of the precieux style, which was so popular
during the seventeenth century, and which contributed so
much to polish the French language. M. de la Grange's
Introduction explains most clearly the influence exer-
cised by the Hdtel de Rambouillet, and other similar
reunions ; at the time when these salons first obtained
their popularity, the double action of Italian and Spanish
taste was busily at work, and it seemed probable that in
a very short time French roust become a kind of jargon,
made up of an illogical association of two dialects which
foreign politics had brought into every-day use. What-
ever may have been subsequently the defects and exag-
gerations of the prt-cieux and precieuses, they certainly
are entitled to the merit of having preserved to the
French language its national character, besides diffusing
throughout the kingdom a taste for conversation and for
literary pursuits.
Another remark made by M. de la Grange, and which
deserves to be noticed here, is, that the society of the
prfcievses outlived the H6tel de Rambouillet, and lasted
during the first thirty years of the following century. The
Duchesse du Maine's court, at Sceanx, was not merely
an active centre of political opposition, but also a bureau
d'esprit; and the features which both coteries had in
common are so numerous and so obvious, that it is use-
less to reproduce them. Thus, whilst the amusements of
Mademoiselle de Montpensier, at Saint Fargeau, had
been celebrated by Segrais in 1C56, under the name of
Divertissements de la Princesse Aurclie, in like manner
the Divertissements de Sceaux were sung by Genest and
Malr/.iru in 1712. The mania for adopting fictitious mime*
may also be given as a further characteristic of both
societies; and now, if, on the other hand, we wish to find
oppositions, we shall have no difficulty in discovering
them. " What a contrast," says M. de la Grange, " be-
tween the shepherds of Racnn and those who, after being
sung by Fontenelle and Malezieu, sat afterwards M
models for Watteau and Boucher 1 Compare the madri-
gals of the Hotel de Rambouillet with the Anacreontic
strains of La Fare and Chaulieu! Measure the distance
which separates the suitors of Julie d'Angennes from the
animals of the Duchesse du Maine's menagerie ! "
If we come finally to Mademoiselle de la Force herself,
we find that she was connected with persons belonging
to both phases of the prineux society. She composed
several novels which enjoyed much reputation at the
time when they first appeared ; and although banished
from Court, and obliged to live in a convent for the space
of sixteen years, she supported courageously a disgrace
which seems to have been unjustly severe. The Jeux
d1 Esprit were written by her for the amusement of the
society amongst which she lived. They remind us of
some of the drawing-room games which serve us still to
while away the long winter evenings ; but they possess
also real historical interest, and, under the fictitious
designations introduced by the fair authoress, we can
easily read names well known either at Sceaux or in
Paris.
GDSTAVE MASSOK.
Harrow -on-the-Hill.
to
THE INDKX TO TBK FIRST VOLUME or TBK THIRD Stain iriH be imed
u>itA next Saturday's " N. & Q."
ETON A. Certainly. The late Provost teat a frequent contributor to owr
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thirteenth war o/"N. <t Q.'s " existence.
JAYDKK. We have compared Mr. C. Edmondf'f version of the Sapptie
Ode printed at p. 33 o/The Poetry of the Anti-Jacobin, edit. >*M, with
the original in lh<- Morning Chronicle ofJJec. II aw.112, \rf!,a*d#»d itit
accurately copied. Distringer fceius tube a coined word. Dutriusu w
the correct legal term.
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hibitinc a perfectly i
3rd S. II. JULY 12, '62.]
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41
LONDON SATURDAY, JULY 19, 1862.
CONTENTS— NO. 29.
NOTES : — Southwark or' St. George's Bar, 41 — James
Lambert, 42 — Shakspeare Music, Jb. — William Mee, 43.
MINOR NOTES : — Metrical Date — Manners and Customs
of the English — Discoveries near Winchester Cathedral —
The Name Latimer — Dr. Edward Jenner — MSS. of Sir
Kenelm Digby, 44.
QUERIES : — Anonymo \s — Bibliographical — Cardinals'
Hats: Lawn Sleeves- Churches dedicated to the Holy
Ghost — A Cheap- Jack ?uzzle — Dudley of Westmoreland
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Swinton — The Thames — Wild Cattle — Wolfe Tone's
" Philosophical and Political History of Ireland," 45.
QUERIES WITH ANSWERS: — Cytryne in Chaucer — Sacred
Plants and Flowers — Forfeited Estates, Ireland (temp.
William III.) — Hymn in Praise of St. Macartin, 48,
REPLIES: — Paulson: "Cut Boldly," 49 — "Pole Fair," at
Corby (Northamptonshire), Ib. — The Town Library of
Leicester, 50 — De Coster, the Waterloo Guide, 51 — Nevi-
son the Freebooter — Shakes — Michael Scott's Writings
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Catholics — jVToneyers' Weights — .Gheast Family, &c., 52.
Notes on Books, &c.
SOUTHWARK, OR ST. GEORGE'S BAR.
In the third of Edward III., Roesia de Bur-
ford died seized of ten cottages at " Southwark
Bar."
And by an inquisition on the death of Humphrey,
Duke of Buckingham, in 1460, it was found that
he died possessed of an inn and seven cottages
annexed, " near St. George's Bar." — Inq. P. M.
38 & 39 Henry VI.
The entry of the emperor, Charles V., accom-
panied by King Henry VIII., into London, in
A.D. 1522, was conducted with great magnificence.
About a mile from " St. George's Bar " was
erected a tent of cloth of gold, where the royal
personages reposed themselves whilst the heralds
marshalled the procession.
Where was this Bar, and what was its object
and use ? I conjecture that it was like Temple
Bar, Holborn Bar, and Smithfield Bar, at some
distance beyond the City Gates, so as to embrace
the suburb, and that its object was to collect toll
of provisions and merchandise coming to the City
or Borough.
In the reign of King Edward III., the Earl of
Warren and Surrey is recorded (in placita, do
Quo Warranto), to have had the third part of all
toll in the towns of Guildford and Southwark,
however arising ; the king being entitled to the
other two-third parts ; and the king's bailiffs and
the bailiffs of the Earl had a certain common box
(pixis) in the town of Guildford, and another
box in the town of Southwark, in which they
were accustomed to collect the toll from time
immemorial ; and the boxes were always in the
custody of the king's bailiffs, and the keys in the
custody of the earl's bailiffs ; and both bailiffs,
at the same time and together, opened the boxes,
and then two parts of the money collected re-
mained to the king and the third part to the earl.
In 29th Henry VI., Sir Roland Lenthall was
found, by inquisition, to have been seised at the
time of his death, in right of his wife, Margaret,
one of the sisters and heirs of Thomas, late Earl
of Arundel, of the third part of a third part of
the tolls and customs in the town of Southwark,
and of a third part of certain rents of assize re-
ceivable from divers lands in Southwark, and of
a third part of one tenement, one acre of land,
and one acre of meadow, in Southwark and Cam-
berwell. Edmund Lenthall, son of Roland, dying
without lineal issue, the shares in these tolls and
hereditaments, which had descended to him from
his mother, went to his cousins and heirs-at-law,
John Duke of Norfolk and George Nevill (after-
wards Earl of Abergavenny) who held the shares
which had belonged to the other two sisters of the
Earl of Arundel. John Mowbray, Duke of
Norfolk, being grandson of Elizabeth, Duchess of
Norfolk, one of the sisters, and George Nevill,
being great grandson of Joan, Lady Abergavenny,
the third sister of Thomas, Earl of Arundel.
(ArchcBologia, vol. xxxviii. p. 38, et seq.)
At the end of Kent Street, just beyond the
Bull Inn, and on the south side of the street,
there is a long strip of ground, containing about
an acre, now built on and forming part of Buck-
enham Street and Square, which was called " The
Toll Acre," and is now the property of J. E. W.
Rolls, Esq.
I have not been able to learn whether this Toll
Acre is the identical acre of land in Southwark
which belonged to the Duke of Norfolk and the
Earl of Abergavenny ; but if I am right in con-
necting " the Bar " with the ancient tolls which
belonged to those noble families, the Toll Acre
in Kent Street probably marks the position of
" Southwark Bar," which was evidently in the
parish of St. George, as I take it, that " South-
wark Bar " and " St. George's Bar " are identical.
The Toll Acre is wholly within the parish of St.
George and the borough of Southwark, which
extends half a mile further, along both sides of
the Kent Road, as far as the sewer (supposed to
be Canute's trench) a little westward of the Al-
bany Road ; wLere was " St. Thomas a Watering,"
but that was in the fields ; and it seems to me
more likely that " the bar " was at the end of
Kent Street, where the town actually commenced,
on the road from Kent.
42
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"> S. II. JULY 19, '6
Southwark Bar might, however, have been at
the end of Blackmail Street, since called Stone's
End, being the entrance to London from Surrey
and Sussex.
When, and by what authority, were those local
tolls on provisions and merchandize abolished ? I
ought perhaps to know, but I do not ; and I shall
be much obliged to some better informed legal
antiquary who will inform me when and how they
were got rid of.
I believe a somewhat similar imposition existed
until recently in France, and was called " Octroi."
Was that toll collected at the entrance of French
towns, for the benefit of individual lords by
ancient right, or for municipal purposes ?
GEO. R. COBNEK.
JAMES LAMBERT.
The author of Critical Remarks, &c., who gives
the notice of " Ling Bob," supplies also a curious
note about the above personage, of whom I have
heard something in my youth. He was not, I be-
lieve, a professed astrologer, but had acquired
a reputation for prophesying, &c. I will give
the heading as it stands in the work before me,
but the remainder I must condense, as it is of
some length. The author no doubt speaks of the
time his work was published, 1794: —
"JAMES LAMBERT.
The miraculous Prophecy of James Lambert, now living
at Leeds, in Yorkshire, to the Rev. Nathan Dowling, an
American Clergyman (now in London) by whom it was
communicated to the Editor last Month."
The author then goes on to state, that Mr.
Dowling having come, in the year 1770, from
Philadelphia, had to visit Leeds, and was one
evening in company with a party of ladies and
gentlemen. The conversation turned upon the
possibility of any person foretelling future events.
Mr. Dowling, it appears, was the only sceptic in
company, and they ultimately offered to intro-
duce him to Mr. Lambert, who had been long
famed in the neighbourhood for his prophetic
powers.
The visit was paid next day, when he found
that Mr. Lambert was quite prepared to receive
him, although the company positively asserted
that they had given no intimation of the visit.
Mr.^ Dowling declared his errand, and asked for
an immediate proof of the " Seer's supernatural
powers." Lambert without hesitation declared
that he had hastened home expecting company,
and appealed to a boy who had been with him in
proof it. He then proceeded : " In my first sleep
last night, I saw a middle-aged man, with a band
on, sailing across the great waters, from towards
the setting of the sun, to consult me ; and you are
the man.' Mr. Dowling then said, "Do you
know my name P " To which Lambert replied :
" No, I do not; but you are a minister, and ha\
come from abroad, where they talk £nglish, an
you have finished all your affairs (save one),
are desirous to return home." Mr. Dowling as
him if he could tell him anything more, and he
told him of a deep scar that he had on the top
of his head, which Dowling knew that it was im-
possible anybody could know anything about in
Leeds, as it was covered with a peruke. Lam-
bert then said, " I saw a young child lying on
its mother's lap, its head covered with blood ;
but I then saw a lone house, two coffins, and
neither wife nor child." This incident came home
to a domestic affliction of Dowling's, who had bis
only child killed by the kick of a horse, and his
wife died two years after." He afterwards spoke to
Lambert about public affairs. He told him in
reply that his country, a long way off, would " be
overrun with soldiers;" that a great man should
arise who " would be a king and no king " (this
the editor supposes to be Washington), and that
all these events would happen "perhaps to his
(Dowling's) cost." Dowling then spoke to him,
hoping that he used no diabolical arts. Lambert
assured him that he did not, and the only account
he could give was this —
" That the shapes and shadows of things came into his
mind, sometimes sleeping and sometimes waking, and
that it had been so with him as long as he could remem-
ber; that sometimes he had his foresight, but at other
times no more than other people."
Is anything known of this seer, who seems from
this account to have had a large reputation ? Mr.
Dowling, as well as the narrator, seems to have
had a taste for the marvellous. The latter draws
attention to the words, " perhaps to his cost,"
stating that Dowling lost all he had in the Ameri-
can War. T. B.
SHAKSPEARE MUSIC.'
Amongst the various tributes to Shakspeare,
there seems to be no reason why, some day, an
uniform collection of all the music composed to his
poetry should not be one ; and I am not without
the hope that these little papers may give a grain
of help to the collector when he comes. In such
a work as I look forward to, everything should
be reproduced in its original form, whether that
be the full score, or the simple air with its base :
only, for the sake of easier perusal, replacing any
notation now obsolete, or nearly so, by that in
modern use. As copyrights would prevent the
collector from proceeding beyond a certain point,
he should note down at the end of his collection
whatever he may know concerning the Sliak-
spearian settings of his own time, as a help to his
successor.
Amongst those compositions to words by Shak-
3rd S. II. JULY 19, '62.]
NOTES AND QUEEIES.
43
speare, which I believe everybody is supposed to
know, must certainly be reckoned "The Load-
stars," by Mr. Shield ; the duet, " I know a bank,"
by Mr. C. Horn ; and the " Witches' Glee," by
Mr. M. P. King. Each of these compositions has
its comparatively little-known musical double.
Mr. Shield's glee, called " The Loadstars," is a
three-part setting of the following lines in a speech
for Helena, Midsummer Nights Dream, Act I.
Sc. 1 : —
« O happy fair !
Your eyes are loadstars, and your tongue's sweet air
More tunable than lark to shepherd's ear,
When wheat is green, when hawthorn buds appear."
These same lines will be found agreeably set as
a song for Helena in J. C. Smith's Fairies, with
the slight change of " O, happy fair," into
" 0, Hermia, happy fair ! "
This song has a second movement for two
more lines of the same speech, not used by Mr.
Shield: —
" 0 teach me how you look ; and with what art,
You sway the motion of your lover's * heart ? "
I do not know whether it has ever been re-
marked in print, but I have had it pointed out to
me, that Mr. Shield does not seem in this case
to have read the words correctly : for he has
brought the first strain of his music to a full close
at the words,
" And your tongue's sweet air " —
an error which is avoided in Mr. Smith's setting.
The musical double of Mr. Horn's very fa-
vourite duet — "I know a bank" (Midsummer
Nights Dream, Act II. Sc. 2,) — is to be found in
a pleasing setting of the words as a soprano solo
by Mr. John Percy, the composer of " Wapping
Old Stairs." Mr. Percy's work has the attraction
of a flute accompaniment superadded to that for
the pianoforte.
Mr. M. P. King's three-part glee from Macbeth,
"When shall we three meet again," is so
thoroughly known, that it only needs to be named ;
but it is not so much known that, in one of Mr.
Samuel Webbe's vocal collections, there is an-
other " When shall we three," &c., written for the
very unusual combination of three bases ; or,
more strictly speaking, two baritones and a base,
the third voice descending to the double E flat.
Mr. Webbe, in this composition, after taking the
voices up to the point at which Mr. King has
closed his glee, the words —
" That will be ere set of sun," —
proceeds to the question and answers : —
" Where the place?— Upon the heath! —
There we go to meet Macbeth."
The second line, it will be perceived, is altered
* The words, " your lover's," are a substitution for the
name "Demetrius" in the original.
from the original ; and then follows another move-
ment to these words, altered from part of Hecate's
speech in the Third Act : —
" There we'll perform such magic rites,
And raise such artilicial sprights,
As by the force of their illusion,
Shall draw him on to his confusion."
The glee is then closed with these two lines,
which are alterations from the incantation scene,
opening the Fourth Act of Macbeth : —
" We'll double, double, toil and trouble,
And make our hell-broth boil and bubble."
Mr. Webbe's glee is in the key of C minor ;
and, perhaps, with its low sombre tone, would be
felt, if it were really well performed, to be more
properly Shakspearian in its style of treatment
than the very popular lighter work of Mr. King.
ALFRED
Somers Town.
WILLIAM MEE.
The subjoined paragraph, from the Lough'
borough Monitor of June 5th, relates to a person
who has recently been the subject of inquiry in
" N. & Q," 2nd S. xii. 189, 238, 299 : —
" DEATH OK MR. W. MEE. — On the 29th ult. at the
Union House, Shardlow, died Mr. Wm. Mee, for some
time a correspondent to the Loughborough Monitor, aged
74. He was born at Kegworth ; and on attaining his
majority, received a good fortune in hard cash. He soon
afterwards went to London, where he resided some years.
About the year 1820 he returned to Kegworth ; but,
being of somewhat eccentric character, he could never
betake himself to a steady occupation. He was the author
of the song ' Alice Gray,' which, being set to music with
his concurrence, became so great a favourite with the
public. He frequently about this time wrote poetry,
which appeared in The Thrasher, and other periodicals,
under the assumed name of Richard Sparkle. ' Winter,'
' The Rose Bud,' ' Flaccus,' and other pieces were thus
brought out. His easily besetting sin was a love for
strong ale, of which, in the days of his affluence, he
allowed himself, to use his own words, six tankards
a-daj', and seven on a Sunday : one of his best odes being
the ' Goblet,' written in its praise. For many years he
has presented a not very comfortable appearance, though
for some years before finally entering the Union he was
allowed a maintenance by a few friends who admired his
genius, while they regretted his weakness; but, unfor-
tunately, he generally contrived to forestall it in some
way. It is certainly, however, due to him to say, that
since the allowance spoken of he has shown a decided
improvement in his personal appearance, and, no doubt,
felt an equally great improvement in his private com-
fort. Up to the time of his retirement, he was letter
writer in ordinary to the parish, correspondent to the
Loughborough Monitor, painter of public signboards, and,
we believe, something of a legal adviser. We copy, as a
specimen of his style, the following verses of his, which
appeared in The Thrasher, about 1825 : —
' WEEP NOT FOR ME.
' Ah ! why shouldst thou grieve or at fortune repine,
While beauty, sweet Laura, and youth are thine own ?
Thou shall find other bosoms as tender as mine
To hang on thy smile, love, and sigh at thy frown.
44
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3™» S. II. Jci/r 19, '62.
If the landscape be lost in the evening shade,
The sunbeams returning shall gild it anew.
If the flower thou hast cherish'd should wither or fade,
Why sigh o'er its loss ? There are more where it grew.
' For me let no stone idly tell of the past,
Or seek to gloss over my nselessness here ;
I covet no sigh but the sigh of the blast —
Save the light dew of heaven I seek not a tear.
My spirit, if conscious of pleasure or woe,
As allied to that earth where t'was once doomed to
dwell,
Could joy not in tracing a cloud on thy brow ;
Thy cheek bright and blooming would please me as
welL
' Regret not the moment that'cannot return ;
Improve thy brief day ere in darkness it set,
And a lesson of wisdom thoa haply may'st learn —
The secret of happiness is, to forget.
But if thine affection would fruitlessly mark
The spot where I sleep 'neath the sycamore tree,
Be my name, to content thee, engraved on its bark,
And thus write my epitaph, WEEP NOT FOR MEE.'"
HENRT MOODY.
iHtnnr fiotaf.
METRICAL DATE. — I send you a curious ex-
ample of a date comprised in a Latin hexameter
inscribed over the tomb of William Newnton,
Abbot of Pershore, in Worcestershire, in the
abbey church of that place.
Are similar ingenious arrangements common ?
" M. C. bis binos triplex et addere quarto (1434)
Anno Willmus dm Newnton fecit Abbas.
« H. VI. A° xn. W. N. A« xxir."
The inscription, carved on a wood tablet, is
much more recent than the altar-tomb with re-
cumbent 6gure. EDEN WAEWICK.
Birmingham.
MANNERS AND CUSTOMS or THE ENGLISH. — In
2nd S. v. 16, I quoted Smollett's Letters in proof
of some objectionable habits, in which only the
English indulged at the dinner-table in 1765. I
lately met with a volume of letters, purporting to
be written by a foreigner, and entitled, Novelties
of a Year and a Day, by Figaro, London, 12mo, j
pp. 222. It has no date on the title-page, but i
the last letter is dated London, May 28, 1785 : —
" The English differ from the French more essentially
in their manners at table, than the Spaniards do from
the Germans. It is some time before an Englishman can '
be reconciled to the appearance of a French table, where
the company have napkins fastened up to their chins, in
order to prevent the different sauces besmearing their
clothes. A Frenchman, from the habit of wiping his
mouth at every two or three mouthfuls, finds himself
uncomfortable and maladroit at an English table, where
no napkins are made use of. He is equally disgusted at
the idea of wiping his mouth on a table cloth which
might have been made use of by another person, as at
drinking out of the tame gluts.
" The English make use of their knives and forks at
table j the French eat with their forks only, having pre-
viously cut up their victuals in small morsels. The En£
condemn the French for a disgusting habit of pick
their teeth after dinner with a sharp- pointed knife
fork ; and the French accuse the English of making *te <
a pick-tooth before the rett of the company have
theirrepatt." — P.211.
AN INNER TEMPIAB.
DISCOVERIES NEAR WINCHESTER CATHEDRAL. —
Interesting discoveries have recently been made
during some alterations now being effected on
the premises of one of the prebendal bouses at
the west end of Winchester Cathedral. These
consist of an extensive crypt or charnel-house,
| once vaulted (or intended to be vaulted) with
stone ; as a springing-stone of the same, still left
in the N.E. corner, indicates. This is no doubt
the building of which Milner the historian speaks
in his famous History of Winchester. The en-
trance and steps leading down to this crypt have
also come to light. In it lies a stratum of bones,
seven or eight feet deep, and covered over only
with soil eighteen inches deep. Close by too,
east side, were also found six graves or coffins
made of blocks of hewn chalk, one above another,
in three tiers at least (for the lower one found was
still left) and close together ; so that the side of
the one formed the side of another. Unfor-
tunately, no antiquary was summoned to the
spot, and so the ignorant workmen knocked them
to pieces, and worked the blocks into the base of
a new wall. One block, however, was shown to
me as a specimen. This was of the uniform thick-
ness of •'>'. inches, 11 inches wide, and 1 foot
1 inch long ; very white, hard, apparently chopped
smooth, with traces of mortar on one surface.
More were also seen to the south of the excava-
tion made. The bones within were reported to
have been very long and large, and the teeth,
with one exception, perfect. I was told that
these were all interred again by the sides of the
new wall. Have we not here a clue to the old
Celtic name of Winchester — Caer Gwent, " the
white city"? A. V. W.
THE NAME L ATI MI: p.. — It is a curious fact that
the name of the great reformer should mean " an
interpreter " or " dragoman." It is a corruption
of Latiner, which had this meaning from Latin
being considered the language par excellence.
A. L. M.
DR. EDWARD JENNER. — One great advantage
of " N. & Q." is, that in future times it will be a
repertory to which antiquaries and others may
refer for enlightenment upon subjects veiled in
obscurity, or otherwise hastening to oblivion.
Even in the endeavour to record passing events,
errors will now and then glide in, and the lovers
of accuracy will readily excuse any amicable
attempt to rectify them. In Haydn's Dictionary
of Dates, 10th edition, 1861, the last of three im-
pressions which have appeared since the death of
3rd S. II. JULY 19, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
45
that worthy man, at page 687, it is stated that the
monument by Marshall to that greatest of philan-
thropists, Dr. Edward Jenner, was inaugurated
by a splendid oration from the Prince Consort on
September 17, 1858 ; this is a mistake, and which
has been copied in your publication (3rd S. i. 498) ;
it was on Monday, May 17, 1858, that the cere-
mony of dedicating the statue, then placed in
Trafalgar Square^took place. EMENDO.
MSS. OF SIR KENELM DIGBY. — Being en-
gaged a few days since in the Bibliotheque of
Ste. Genevicve, I discovered an English MS. in a
good state of preservation, which I believe to be
the original holograph copy of the two treatises
of Sir Kenelm Digby on " The Nature of Bodies"
and " On the Immortality of the Soul." The MS.
has been amended and corrected by the author,
and is prefaced by a letter, in which the work is
dedicated to his son. The letter is dated Paris,
August 1, 1644, which it may be remembered was
the year following Sir Kenelni's release from
Winchelsea House, where he had been placed
under confinement by order of the Parliament.
As I am not aware that the fact of the MS. being
preserved in the Bibliotheque is generally known,
its publicity may be of interest to those curious
in such matters. JOHN G. FOTHINGHAM.
43, Rue St. Georges, Paris.
ANONYMOUS. — Who wrote a novel called The
Inquisition, 2 vols. 12mo, about 1790? S.
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL. — I have vainly consulted
Bonn's new edition of Lowndes's Manual, and
other bibliographical works, for some notice of the
following poem, in folio, pp. 14 : "The Impertinent;
or a Visit to the Court. A Satyr, by Mr. Pope.
The third edition. London, for E. Hill. 1737."
Some information respecting it would oblige.
I also wish to learn the authorship of " The
Levellers; or Satan's Privy Council. A Pasquinade,
in three cantos. The author, Hugh Hudibras, Esq.
Printed by W. Browne (for the author) 1793,"
4to, pp. 26. J. AUSTIN HARPER.
Hulme.
CARDINALS' HATS : LAWN SLEEVES. —
" Your venal Peers address and vote ;
The Commons echo every note,
Yet talk of public good ;
That stall-fed Bench, a trusty corps,
Since you have no RED HATS in store,
Would dye their lawn in blood."
Fitzpatrick (about 1777). (N. F.
H.for Wit, vol. ii. p. 103.)
When did the Roman cardinals first adopt the
red hat, and what was its origin ? I do not think
it made any part of the dresses used in the pagan
worship, from which, as is well known, many of
the Christian vestments are derived. In particu-
lar, the linen surplice, and the circular tonsure
were imported from idolatrous Egypt —
" Qui grege linigero circumdatus, et grege calvo
Plangentis populi, currit derisor Anubis."
Juv. Sat. vi. 533.
Gibbon says : " The tonsure was a sacred em-
blem— it was the crown of thorns ; but it was also
a royal diadem, and every priest was a king."
That might be in the Christian acceptation ; but,
among the Pagans, it was designed to represent
the solar disk.
What was the date and origin of the lawn
sleeves worn by the English bishops ? W. D.
CHURCHES DEDICATED TO THE HOLY GHOST. —
I have seen it stated that there are but two, or,
at the most, three churches to be found in this
country, dedicated to the Third Person in the
Trinity : a chapel of the Holy Ghost in Basing-
stoke, Hants, being one ; another, I think, in
Devon ; and a third in Warwickshire. Can any
correspondent of "N. & Q." give instances of
others they may be acquainted with so dedicated ?
Those dedicated to the Trinity are very numerous,
the computed proportion being one in every five.
F. PHILLOTT.
A CHEAP- JACK PUZZLE. — I write to ask if you,
or any of your readers, can explain the meaning
of the following. Anybody who was at the Derby,
Ascot, or Hampton races, must have seen people
respectably dressed, standing in carts, addressing
a crowd, and giving them gold (?) chains and
other valuables. One in particular was a nigger,
dressed as a footman. He held out a long watch-
chain, well made, and looking like gold, saying :
" This chain is worth 20Z., upon my honour. I
have been offered that amount in the City ; but
no, I would not let them have it, I was deter-
mined to bring it here and sell it to you for —
what do you think ? — one shilling ! " &c., &c.
Well, I bought the chain. Out came another,
and he sold it to a friend of mine ; and about a
dozen others he sold, each for a shilling. He then
said : " Those who bought the chains, please hold
them up." We all held them up, and then he
gave us a ring of the same metal. " But," he
continued, " I don't want your money," — and gave
us each back one shilling.
He did the same, soon afterwards, with brooches.
At last he said : " Will anybody give me 2*. for
this half-crown?"- Of course, he got a florin
directly. The same florin he gave to another for
Is. 6d. ; returned the 1*. 6d. to another for Is. ;
and finally, received 3d. for 6^., which he threw
amongst the crowd. I watched him the greater
part of the day, but could not make out what he
gained by it. There were at the Derby two or
three other men like him. I have my chain and
ring now, the workmanship of both is good ; and
46
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. IL JULY 19, '
I have the shilling he gave me back, and a good
shilling it is. I enclose my card, to show you I
am not A YOUNG MAN FKOM THE COUNTRY.
P.S. I do not mean to say the articles were
gold ; but whatever they were made of, they were
certainly worth one shilling, and yet he gave
that back.
DUDLEY OF WESTMORELAND. — Thomas Sutton,
alias Dudley, by Sarah, daughter and coheir of
Launcelot Threlkeld, Esq., had issue a second son,
Thomas Dudley, Esq., of Stoke Newington. What
other issue had he ? H. S. G.
EXECUTION or QUEEN MARY. — It is stated by
Mr. Tytler (Hist, of Scotland) that when the news
of this event arrived in Scotland, Francis Stewart,
Earl of Both well, appeared at court in a coat
of armour, saying that this was the proper " dule
weed " for the occasion. What authority is there
for the incident mentioned ? Tytler gives no re-
ference. N. C.
ERRORS OF BOTH CHURCHES. — In Mr. J. H.
Burton's amusing work, The Book-Hunter, I find
the following passage (p. 125) : —
" In the perusal of a very solid book on the progress
of the ecclesiastical differences of Ireland, written by a
native of that country, after a good deal of tedious mat-
ter, the reader's complacency is restored by an artless
statement, how an eminent person ' abandoned the errors
of the Church of Rome, and adopted those of the Church
of England.' "
Who was the eminent man in question ? And
did he plagiarise the speech of Pope, who is re-
ported to have used almost the same words on his
death-bed ? Or, vice versa ?
LIONEL G. ROBINSON.
GASCOIGNE FAMILY. — Information required re-
specting that branch of the family settled at Par-
lington, co. York. More particularly of Sir John
Gascoigne, who died in 1723. Also, of his son
John, living in 1712, brother to Sir Edw. Gas-
coigne of Parlington, who died in 1750. The elder
John did not assume the title, for what reason is
not known. G. F.
GERMAN BALLAD. — Can any of your German
correspondents tell who is the author of the ballad
commencing : " Es ritten drei Reiter zum Thor'
hinaus," &c. ? H. G. B.
HERODOTUS. — About the year 1695-96, Addi-
son, Boyle, Blackmore, Adams, Dr. Hannes, and
Dr. Gibbons, proposed a translation of Herodotus.
Addison was to be the manager, and Tonson the
publisher. Addison actually completed the Polym-
nia, and, as it would seem, the Urania also. The
first appears to have been lost on the road from
Oxford to London, through the negligence of a
carrier. My object in writing this, is to inquire
whether the Urania still exists in MS., and
whether traces of the lost book have ever been
discovered. Did Littlebury (whose version a
peared in 1709) profit by the labours of th
scholars ?
In 1824 an anonymous translation of Herodoi
appeared at Oxford, in two volumes. Who was
the translator ? J. C. LINDSAY.
St. Paul, Minnesota.
HINCHCLIFFE. — In the clothing districts of the
West Riding of York, there are many families of
the name of Hinchliffe, or Hinchcliffe. I believe
those of the name in other parts of England have
emanated from that locality. I find, respecting
Darfield, that the living was augmented by 200J.
by John Hinchcliffe, M.D., in 1769 ; and 200/. by
the Bishop of Peterborough (I believe, Dr.
Hinchcliffe). At Wombell, a township in Dar-
field parish, the town land, fifteen acres, was given
by William Hinchcliffe in 1443 for the general
weal of the inhabitants.
Can you, or any of your numerous correspon-
dents, give any information respecting the John
Hinchcliffe, M.D. ; the birth-place and career of
Bishop Hinchcliffe ; their relationship, if any ;
whether they left any family ? Also, what is
known respecting the William Hinchcliffe, who
gave the land at Wombell in 1443, it being the
oldest gift or bequest that has come under my
observation ? From its antiquity, it is singular
that it should have survived the Reformation, as
bequests were at that period made to the religious
houses for distribution. C. WOOD.
ESTHER LSGLIS. — Can the date of death and
place of interment of this lady, wife of Mr. Bar-
tholomew Kello of Edinburgh, be ascertained ?
Uullard, in his Memoirs of Learned Ladies, states
that he was unable to discover these particulars.
Some account of her appears in the Proceedings of
the Society of Antiquaries just issued. She was
born in France in 1571, and a specimen of her
beautiful handwriting, executed at the age of
fifty-three, in which she speaks of her " tottering
right hand," is the latest trace of her. Her son
became rector of Spexhall, Suffolk.
JOB J. BARD WELL WORKARD, M.A.
JOAN OF ARC. — Has the attempt ever been
made to prove that Joan of Arc was never in
reality executed, by reference to certain French
registers of 1 436, where she is spoken of, not only
as being still living, but as having married Sir
Robert des Hermoises, and in 1439 receiving a
present from the city of Orleans ? Her execution
is said to have taken place in 1431. E. E.
" MY BOOK." — Who was the author of a volume
called My Book, by Aaron Philoinirth, Liver-
pool, 1821, 12 mo? ZETA.
PROFESSORS' LECTURES. — The following was
copied several years ago from an article on Ger-
3rd S. II. JULY 19, '62.3
NOTES AND QUERIES.
47
man History in the Quarterly Review, but the
volume and page were not put down : —
" One of their popular novelists says : ' A professor
always teaches that which is incontrovertible. When he
lias drawn up a syllabus of his lectures, he thinks he has
written a book, though it is as temporary as a bill of
fare at an eating-house, varying from day to day, and
thrown under the table as soon as a new cook comes.' "
I shall be obliged by a reference to the article
in the Quarterly, and still more by one to the
novel. T. G.
PORTRAITS OF THE QDEENS OF FRANCE. — Can
any one kindly help me in the following difficulty ?
Some months ago I purchased from a collector,
who was disposing of surplus stock, a series of en-
graved portraits of the Queens of France. I was
told on purchasing them that they had been cut
from a copy of Mezeray's Histoire de France. I
very much wish to obtain the book whence they
•were taken ; on obtaining a copy of Mezeray,
I find that it is not the book in question. I have
consulted booksellers and printsellers in vain, and
I turn to " N. & Q." The portraits are of quarto
size. They commence with Clothilde, and end with
Louise of Lorraine, Queen of Henri III., who died
in 1601 ; and, to judge from spelling and appear-
ance, I should certainly think they could not be of
much later date. On the backs of these engravings
is printed text, which seems to consist of short me-
moirs of each queen. The name of each queen is
printed in a tablet beneath the figure, which in
nearly all cases is half-length. There aresimilar sets
of portraits of the kings and the dauphins, taken,
as I imagine, from the same book. I enclose a du-
plicate for the Editor's inspection, purchased in a
lot from a bookseller, who cannot help me in my
perplexity. I hope some learned bibliophilist can
kindly assist me, or I shall be reduced to the fear-
ful alternative suggested by one of our most cele-
brated publishers of old English literature —
namely, a search in all the French historical works
in the British Museum. HEKMENTRDDE.
QUEEN MARGARET'S BLACK KOOD. — What is
the last authentic notice of this relic of St. Mar-
garet of Scotland ? N. C.
QUOTATIONS. —Who is the author of the fol-
lowing lines ? —
"Through the ages one increasing purpose runs,
And the thoughts of men are widen'd with the process
of the suns ;
Knowledge comes, but wisdom lingers, and I linger on
the shore,
And the individual withers, and the world is more and
more."
ALFRED JOHN TBIX.
I shall be glad to be informed whence the
following quotation is taken: it is found under
an engraving in the second volume of Burton's
Anatomy of Melancholy, ninth and eleventh edi-
tions, 1800 and 1806. The quotation is certainly
not in either of the volumes. Who was Brewer,
whose name is given as the author of the lines ?
" Dull Melancholy !
Whose drossy thoughts, drying the feeble brain,
Corrupts the sense, deludes the intellect,
And in the soul's fair table falsely graves
Whole squadrons of fantastical chimeras." — Brewer.
THOMAS H. CROMEK.
Who is —
"He who sings
That men may rise on stepping-stones
Of their dead selves to higher things," —
referred to in Stanza I. of the first lay in Tenny-
son's In Memoriam ? K.
" Only th' horizon bounds that desert plain,
Where silence, thirst and death, uninterrupted rei^n."
Dude.
I find the above in a common-place book con-
taining much interesting matter, but with few
precise references.
I shall be glad to know who Ducie was and
what he wrote. T. G.
SIR
SWINTON. — In "N. & Q.," 2nd S. x.
288, I asked what was the true Christian name of
a Sir Swinton, who commanded a company
of men at arms at the battle of Bauge in 1421,
Hume, Sir James Macintosh, and Sir Walter
Scott having respectively given him a different
one. This Query elicited the two interesting
notes of MELETES, the one on the following p. 394,
in which the conclusion is, that " the show of au-
thorities is in favour of John ; " but that the ques-
tion is still an open one ; and the other in the
succeeding volume, p. 133.
The name of the gallant knight has lately been
recalled to my mind on reperusing a note of Sir
Walter Scott to Jedediah Cleishbotham's Prole-
gomenon to the Heart of Midlothian, in the Edinb.
12mo. edit, of . 1830, of the Waverley Novels,
pp. 157-161, in which, after tracing his own de-
scent from Sir William Scott of Harden, through
that knight's third son, Walter Scott of Kaeburn,
who was the author's great-grandfather, and who,
with his wife, "had conformed to the Quaker
tenets," Sir Walter says : —
" There is yet another link betwixt the. author and the
simple-minded and excellent Society of Friends, through
a proselyte of much more importance than Walter Scott
of Kaeburn. The celebrated John Swinton of Swinton,
19th baron in descent of that ancient and once powerful
family, was, with Sir William Lockhart of Lee, the per-
son whom Cromwell chiefly trusted in the management
of the Scottish affairs during his usurpation. After the
Restoration, Swinton was devoted as a victim to the new-
order of things, and was brought down in the same vessel
which conveyed the Marquis of Argyle to Edinburgh,
where that nobleman was tried and executed. Swinton
was destined to the same fate. He had assumed the
habit and entered into the Society of Quakers, and ap-
peared as one of their number before the Parliament of
Scotland Jean Swinton, granddaughter of Sir
John Swinton, son of Judge Swinton, as the Quaker was
48
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3fd S. II. JULY 19, '62.
usually termed, was mother of Anne Rutherford, the
avtf tor's mot/itr."
The probability seems to me to be strong, that
this Ju.lge Swinton, the Quaker, the great-great-
grandfather of the mother of the author of the
Waverley Novels, was either a lineal or a collate-
ral descendant of the Sir John (if that was his
name) Swinton who fought at Baugc in 1421.
But can the descent be traced ? EBIC.
Ville Marie, Canada.
THE THAMES. — A reference to the most reli-
able authorities on the topography of the Thames,
the fishing to be obtained in it, and the botany
and flora along its course, will be esteemed a
favour. DRYAS. LINN. PISCATOE.
WILD CATTLE. — In Bewick's Quadrupeds
(1792), in the article on " Wild Cattle," he alludes
to descendants of the ancient wild cattle of the
country being preserved at Chillingham Castle,
Northumberland ; Lyme Hall, Cheshire ; Wolla-
ton Hall, Notts; Chartley Castle, Staffordshire;
and Gisburn Park, Yorkshire. Bewick speaks of
those at Burton Constable in Yorkshire having
been some time before carried off by distemper.
In Whitaker's History of Craven, he describes those
at Gisburn, and gives plates of them. He remarks
that Gisburn, Chillingham, and Lyme were then
(1805) the only places in South Britain where they
were preserved. In this respect I believe the
doctor was mistaken, as I am told they are yet at
Chartley. Are they now at Wollaton or else-
where ? It may be worth a note in " N. & Q."
that, as the last two or three of the Gisburn wild
cattle showed no prospect of perpetuating the
race, they were killed in 1859. The date when
the last descendants of the inhabitants of our an-
cient forests died off, at the places where they have
been preserved, would not be without interest.
WM. DOBSON.
Preston.
WOLFE TONE'S "PHILOSOPHICAL AND POLITICAL
HISTORY OF IRELAND." — In the Dublin and Lon-
don Magazine for 1827, p. 551, the following
paragraph occurs : —
" The celebrated Theobald Wolfe Tone, while agent to
the Catholic Committee, in 1794-5-6, compiled a 'Philo-
sophical and Political History of Ireland,' which was
subsequently deposited among other valuable papers, in
the hands of Dr. Reynolds, of Philadelphia, In 1807,
•when Tone's son visited America, he could find no trace
of this work, or of any of his father's papers: in the me-
moiro, just published, he feelingly laments his loss. We
are assured, however, that an Irish gentleman, once an
exile, is now in possession of nearly all these curious
documents; among the rest, the History alluded to.
How he came by them we are not informed ; but we sup-
pose he will not hesitate to lay them before the public."
Can any reader of " N. & Q." supply informa-
tion regarding this " History " ? AIJHBA.
CYTRYNE IN CHAUCER. — What is the exact
meaning of the word "cytryne" as used in the
Canterbury Tales f The passage to which I allude
is in the Knight's Tale commencing with line
2158. In describing "the gret Emetreus" the
poet says " his eyen were cytryne." The Glossary
to Urry's edition explains citrine to mean lemon
or citron colour, from the Latin citrinus, but this
is not sufficiently definite for my purpose. What
colour did Chaucer intend the King's eyes to
be ? Was the prevailing hue to be yellow or
green? What reasons or authorities are there
for either opinion ? W. W.
["Cytryne," or "citrine," is undoubtedly rendered
" lemon " or " yellow " in the Glossaries, and " citrine
ointment" still stands as the name of a yellow unguent,
which, when properly made, resembles the well-known
" golden ointment." It may be deemed strange that the
poet should have given Emetreus yellow eyes ; but it was
clearly the poet's intention to depict " the kyng of Ynde "
as a man of strange aspect. Witness the two following
lines : —
" A fewe/reAnes in his face y-spreynd,
Betwixt yelwc and somdel blah y-ineynd."
A critical friend, however, who considers yellow eyes
more out of the question than even yellow spectacles,
suggests that the term citrine is intended to express form
rather than colour. As we say almond- eyes, meaning
long eyes of a peculiar form ; and again, gooseberry
eyes, «. e. eyes round and protuberant ; so the poet, to
describe elliptical or oval eyes, might say citrine eyes
(equivalent to citron-eyes, or more probably lemon-
eyes), referring to form only, not to colour. We hazard
a third conjecture. In Romance, citrin sometimes stood
for the colour which the French call rmuc (a reddish
brown). Can Chaucer possibly have meant hazel eyes?]
SACRED PLANTS AND FLOWERS. — What are the
best authorities on this subject ? Is there any
treatise on the sacred plants of the Greeks and
Romans? or on those of the Celtic and Gothic
races ? Or amongst works on ancient or modern
" folk lore," are there any special books bearing
on this subject? References to the botanical
folk lore of any European country will be very
acceptable. K.
[Some notices of Floral Directories appeared in
«N. & Q." !•« S. vi. 503; viii. 585; ix. 5C8; x. 108; 2n"
S. v. 304 ; and for allusions to flowers and plants in our
early English poets consult The Romance of Xatu -e, by
Miss Twamley, and Poet's Pleasaunce, by Eden Warwick,
8vo, 1847.]
FORFEITED ESTATES, IRELAND (temp. WIL-
LIAM III.) — A report on this matter was delivered
(Dec. 1699) to the House of Commons by four
Commissioners : Francis Annesley, John Tren-
chard, James Hamilton, Henry Langford. Those
gentlemen were subsequently (1700) commended
and rewarded by Parliament. Can some of your
readers oblige me with biographical particulars
(or indicate the sources from which I may gain
. II. JULY 19, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
49
precise information), respecting them? Was a
title afterwards bestowed upon any of the fore-
going ? If so, of what kind ? In whose reign ? '
And" if possible, the date of bestowal ? GRANT.
[For particulars of Francis Annesley consult Lodge's :
Peerage, edit. 1789, v. 300, and passing notices of him in |
Swift's Works, by Scott, vols. iii. xvi. xix. His son j
William was created Viscount Glerawley, ancestor of the I
Earl of Annesley. See also Lodge's Peerage, iii. 8, for j
some account of James Hamilton, ob. 1701, whose son
James was created Earl of Clanbrassill, ancestor of the
Earl of Roden. Notices of Sir John Trenchard will be
found in the Biographia Britannica, vol. vi. Supp. ed.
1763-6, ."also in the Biographical Dictionaries of Chal-
mers and Rose. We have no note of Henry Langford.]
HYMN IN PRAISE OF ST. MACAKTIN. — Patrick
Culin, Bishop of Clogher, in the early part of the
sixteenth century, composed a metrical hymn in
praise of St. Macartin, the first Bishop of that
See. Where can I see a copy of this hymn ?
AIKEN IRVINE.
Fivemiletown.
[This hymn, according to Ware ( Works, i. 187, ed.
1764), is extant in manuscript among the collections of
Archbishop King, p. 335. There is also another copy
among the MSS. of Henry Earl of Clarendon, vol. xlii.
p. 79, now in the British Museum, Addit. MS. 4789.]
PAULSON: « CUT BOLDLY."
(3rd S.i. 210, 276,353.)
I have looked into the principal narratives of
cutting the whetstone, and I think " Cut boldly "
was first given by Dionysius. Cicero's version
seems to take the story out of the region of pure
fiction and place it in that of fraud. The whetstone,
augurio acto, and in comitium allatum, might have
been changed for a soft ob'line, which cuts more
easily than a Dutch cheese when newly dug, and
afterwards hardens. I do not express any opinion
as to Attius and Tarquin being the impostors, or
even as to the existence of those persons, but
something of the sort was probably done by some-
body.
Florus tells the story well :
"Attius Navius, summus augurio, quern rex in experi-
mentum rogavit,_/im'ne posset quod ipse mente conceperat?
Ille, rem expertus augurio, posse respondit. Atqui hoc,
inquit, ac/itabam, an cotem iUam secure novacula possem?
Augur, Poles ergo, inquit ; et secuit." — Epitome, c. v.
Lactantius, perhaps, took his version from an-
other source ; perhaps, like most historians, altered
it to what he thought effective :
" Accius Navius, summus augur, cum Tarquinium Pris-
cum commoneret, ut nihil novi facere inciperet, nisi prius
esset inauguratum, ei rex artis ejus elevans fldem diceret,
ut consultis avibus renuntiaret sibi, utrum ne fieri posset
id quod ipse animo concepisset, affirmaretque Navius
posse: Cape igitur, hanc, inquit, cotem ; earn novacula
disjice. At ille incunctanter accepit et secuit." — De
Origine Erroris, lib. ii. c. 7, p. 82, ed. Cant. 1685.
Dionysius Halicarnassensis amplifies like a clas-
sical rhetorician or a modern penny-a-line man.
After stating Tarquin's desire to expose the
augur's incompetency, he says :
" Tavra 5iavoT]9fls eWAet rbv Ne'/Stw «rl rb /3ri/u.a,
TroAAoO irapovros ox^ov Kara -rf\v ayopdv. IIpoSiaAexSels
8e rots Trepj avrbv Si ov rpoirov tyevSou.avrn' airo5ei|e(i' rbv
olavoffKOTTOV \me\<ifj.$av£V eVeiS}/ irapeyevero, <j)i\av0pairots
abrbv aa"iraff/J.ots avaXafi&v' ' NUP, e<£^, ' Kaipbs eVeSet-
|a(T0a£ <re ryv aKpiSetav r5js /j,avriK^s eViaT^urjs, 5 Ne/3(e.
IIpa|et yap e'-irixeipe'iv /j.eyd\T] Siavoovfjievos, tl rb Svvarbv
OUT?) irpoffeffri u-afitiv /3ovAofj.ai. AA.A.' &Trt8i Kal 5iau.av-
TevffdfJifvos ?iKe Tax^'os, eyu 8e eVflaSe KaOi'i/Mevos ava/j.evia'
'Eiroifi TO, Ke\evA/j.eva u pAvris, Kal fj.fr ov iroAi/ Trapfjv
alcriovs el\^<pevai \4y<av oiWous, Kal ^vvan]v flvai TT\V
irpa^iv ava<paiveav. TeXaffffas 8' b Tapnvivios M 'rip
Ao7ij), Kal irpoeyeyKas fK rov /ctJAirov S-vpbv Kal d/cJnjJ',
\eyei irpus aiirbv' ' 'EaAcojcas, S> Ne)3'6j Qevairifai' •fyuas,
Kal Kara^/tvSofifvos rov Satuoviov Kara<pavws' dirore Ka\
ras afivvdrovs irapd£eis, TeroAjUij/caj \eyeu> Swards'
'Eyc&y1 oi>f Siefj.ai'revo/j.Tji', el rip £vpy T(£5e rrjv O.KOVI\V
TrA/^os, /j.effi)v Swi/ffofJ-ai SisAeu/.' TeAtoTos 8' e| airdv-
rwv yevo/j.ei>ou reav irepl ~b )3i5/ua, ovSev eTTtTapox^els 6
NejBtos vwb TOV ruQafffJiov re Kal rov Bopvfiov, 'Hate
QafipiavJ ttpf/^ ' TapKvvif, n}v aKovriv, as irpoaipy, Staipe-
6>]fferai yap, ^ ird.<r)(<siv oriovv eroi/j.os £y<!>? &avfj.d<ras
Se 6 jSatTiAeuy rb Opdffos rov fj,dvretas, tyepti rb £vpbv Kara
rris aKoi/Tjs, i) Se OK/U?) rov ffifiripov St' b'Xou Kare\0ovffa
TOV A/flou, rj\v re aKuv7]v Siappe?, Kal r>}s Ka.re%ovai]s
avr>}v xe'P^s emrE/j.vei rb /ue'pos," K.T.\. — Antiquit. Horn.
lib. iii. c. 61, Ed. Reiske, Lipsise, 1774.
Fasr says, " When I draw on my imagination for
a good current lie I always forge indorsements as
well on the bill." The story is not made to look
more probable by the indorsements of Dionysius.
" Tarquin, being resolved to try the augur's skill, de-
manded whether that which he was then considering
could be effected ? Nsevius, having examined his augu-
ries, boldly affirmed that it might. ' Why, then,' cries
the king, with an insulting smile, ' I had thought of
cutting this whetstone with a razor.' ' Cut boldly,' said
the augur, and the king cut it through accordingly." —
Goldsmith, History of Rome, ch. 6.
Goldsmith's skill in selecting his materials is
shown by taking the best- told version from Florus,
and only two words from Dionysius.
FITZHOPKINS.
Garrick Club.
« POLE FAIR," AT CORBY (NORTHAMPTON-
SHIRE.)
(3rd S. i. 424.)
The following account of the festival, men-
tioned by your correspondent STAMFORDIENSIS,
was contributed to the Stamford Mercury, June
20th, by an eye-witness of the ceremonies ob-
served. The original of the transcript of the
50
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. JCLY 19, '62.
charter accompanying it is in possession of the
Kev. C. Farebrother, rector of the parish. Il
throws light on the origin of the custom, and may
probably interest many of your readers. I am
puzzled to know what can be the distinguishing
marks of a " Corby Cross."
" According to custom the inhabitants arose at an early
hour, played and sang the ' National Anthem ' and ' Rule
Britannia' in the streets, and proclaimed ihe fair. They
then began to carry on poles and chairs all the people in
the village, put them in the stocks, and gave them some
ale before liberating them from durance vile. Whole
families were fetched out of their houses and escorted to
the stocks with flags flying, the band playing lively airs.
After all the inhabitants had gone through the ceremony
strangers began to arrive in gigs, carts, vans, and other
vehicles to witness this singular custom. They cheer-
fully paid the toll which was demanded of them on en-
tering the village. Many hundred people were present,
and a great many went through the ceremony. Stalls,
shooting-galleries, shows, and a large portable theatre
rose up as if by magic, flags and banners floated in the
air, and the greatest hilarity prevailed. Parish officers,
constables, and policemen, weni through the ceremony,
no person being excused. Two good bands of music
paraded the streets during the day. AH the villagers
tried to vie with each other in decorating their houses
with devices, &c. There was a pretty triumphal arch
against the Exeter Arras inn: it exhibited the words
' God save the Queen,' and from which were suspended
numerous flags, one containing the Corby Cross. Alto-
gether, the decorations had an attractive appearance.
Near the Cardigan Arms inn, opposite the stocks, was
another large red, white, and blue flag, bearing the Corby
Cross. And above the stocks, on the wall, were the
words ' God save the Queen ' and ' Our Charter ' in large
characters. From the sign post of the Cardigan Arms
floated another large red, white, and blue flag bearing
the Corby Cross; and from the sign to the house hung a
handsome banner with a festooned wreath, bearing the
motto 'Long life to Cardigan'; and on the other side,
' Honour to the Brave.' Against the White Horse inn was
another triumphal arch, exhibiting the words « God save
the Queen ' and ' Our Charter,' and several flags. Against
the Black Horse inn was a prettv wreath, extending
across the street, with a flag and "the words ' God save
the Queen ' and ' Our Charter.' Against the Queen's
Head inn were two beautiful scarlet flags; and these,
with other decorations, had a pleasing effect There were
several handsome flags floating from private houses, par-
ticularly one from Mr. Chapman's, and another from Mr.
Saddington's. On the Kettering road was another trium-
phal arch, exhibiting the words ' Our Charter ' and ' God
save the Queen,' surmounted with three Union Jacks. On
the Rockingham road was another triumphal arch, with
the words • Our Charter ' and • God save the Queen.' On
this arch were the flags of England, France, Sardinia,
and Turkey. The business of the day was carried out
with the best of good feelings, and the greatest hilarity
prevailed till night threw her sable mantle over the
proceedings."
" Charles the Second, by the Grace of God, of England,
Scotland, France, and Ireland, King, Defender of the
uth, &c., to all to whom these present letters shall come
greeting, we have inspected the enrollment of certain
ttera patent of confirmation of our predecessor Eliza-
•eth, late Queen of England, bearing date at Westmin-
• the 2nd day of December, in the 27th year of her
reign, made and granted to the men and tenants of the
manor of Corbei, and remaining of record in our Court of
Chancery in these words: —The Queen, &c., to all and
singular sheriffs, mayors, bailiffs, constables, ministers,
and all other her faithful subjects as well within liberties
as without, to whom these present letters shall come
greeting. Whereas, according to the custom hitherto
obtained and used in our kingdom of England, the men and
tenants of antient demesne of the Crown of England are
and ought to be quit of toll, pannage, monage, and pas-
sage throughout our whole kingdom of England, and
according to the aforesaid custom the men and tenants of
antient demesne of the crown aforesaid have always
hitherto from the time whereof memory runneth not to
the contrary been accustomed to be quit from contribution
to the expenses of knights coming to our Parliament, or
that of our progenitors, formerly Kings of England for
the community of the commonalty of the same kingdom.
Also, according to the same custom, the men and tenants
of the manors which are of antient demesne of the crown
aforesaid ought not to be placed in any assizes, juries, or
recognizances for their lauds and tenements which they
hold of the same demesne, unless only in those which
ought to be had in the courts of the same manors, and
for that whereas the manor of Corbei, in the county of
Northampton, is of antient demesne of our Crown of
England, as is found by a certain certificate returned
into our Chancery by the treasurer and chamberlain of
our exchequer by our command thereupon. We enjoin
and command you, and every of you, that you permit all
and singular the men and tenants of the manor of Corbei
aforesaid to be quit from such toll, pannage, monage, pas-
sage, to be paid on account of their goods or things
throughout our whole kingdom aforesaid, & on account
of the expenses of the knights aforesaid ; also that you
do not place the same men and tenants of the same
manor in any assizes, juries, or recognizances, to be held
out of the court of the manor aforesaid, but only in those
which ought to be held in the court of such manor
against the aforesaid custom, unless the lands and tene-
ments be held of other tenure for which they ought to
be placed in assizes, juries, or recognizances, according to
the form of the statute of the Common Council of our
kingdom of England therefore provided. And if on these
occasions, or any of them, you should make any distress
on the aforesaid men and tenants of the manor of Corbei
aforesaid, you shall without delay release the same to
them. In witness whereof, &c., witness the Queen at
Westminster, the second day of December, in the 27th
year of her reign. We more'over have by these presents
caused the tenor of the enrollment aforesaid to be exem-
plified at the request of Robert Davis, gentleman, John
Lee, and others, men and tenants of the aforesaid manor
of Corbei. In witness whereof we have caused these our
etters to be made patent. Witness ourself at Westmin-
ster, the 6th day of July, in the 22d year of our reign.
" GKIMSTON : KARA PER.
,, ,-. . , . ,„ fThos. Estcourt, ) Two Masters in
Examined by us J Wil,iam Cbnde> j Chancery.
Endorsed " An Exemplification, at the request of Robert
Davis and others." " HAI.STED."
ST. SWITHIN.
THE TOWN LIBRARY OF LEICESTER.
(3rd S. ii. 5.)
I find in your impression of July 5 an inquiry
respecting this venerable institution. In answer
thereto, I forward the particulars which follow,
extracted from a work published by me in the
year 1849, entitled, A History of Leicester from
S. II. JULY 19, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
51
the Time of the Romans to the End of the Seven-
teenth Century.
In the middle of the reign of Queen Elizabeth,
it seems, the leading Puritans resident in this
locality, being desirous of promoting a knowledge
of Scripture and " sound doctrine," — that is,
the tenets of the Reformers, — among the people,
placed a few books of suitable character in the
belfry of St. Martin's Church, to which the stu-
dious and thoughtful portion of the townsmen
were allowed free access. In the parish accounts
for the year 1587, the following entry bears
testimony to the existence of this library : —
" Paid for two planks and two shelves in the library,
2s. 6rf."
In 1594 —
" Paid for whiting the library wall in the belfry, IGd."
The Earl of Huntingdon, who was at the head
of the ecclesiastical Puritans of the period, and
who then had a mansion in Leicester, was a donor
to the library ; and additions to its shelves were
made by other persons entertaining religious sen-
timents similar to the earl's.
In the course of fifty years the library had so
much increased as to need the appointment of a
keeper ; and accordingly the Corporation ap-
pointed one in 1628, to whom they paid a yearly
salary of twenty nobles. The name of this person
was Francis Peck.
In the year 1630, the Corporation expended
18Z. 9s. in the purchase of twenty-four volumes
from William Garratt, of the King's Arms, St.
Paul's Churchyard.
Two years afterwards — the library having been
removed from the belfry to the chancel of St.
Martin's Church — the books were placed in a
structure standing at the western end of the
church, and attached to the ancient Guildhall.
This movement took place at the instance of
Mr. John Angel, the public lecturer, the building
having been erected there on his recommenda-
tion. The Bishop of Lincoln, also, took an in-
terest in the transference of the library to the
new place, as his letter shows, dated Septem-
ber 18, 1633, which is given in the volume above-
named.*
The bishop's interest was not purely confined
to the library. The truth appears to be, that he
regarded the occupation of the chancel by the
shelves of a library as a kind of desecration. He
wished the communion-table to be restored to its
place in the chancel. He says : —
" I thank you right heartilj', and all the town of Lei-
cester, for your great care and charge in providing and
adorning so convenient a place for a library there; and
especially for your resolution, upon the motion I made
unto you, to return the old room unto that religious use
it was formerly builded and designed for, which is, to be
the chancel or quire of your fair and beautiful church."
* History of Leicester (1849), pp. 355, 356.
The bishop then proceeded to ask the mayor to
restore the chancel, by placing steps on it, " to
ascend to the upper end thereof, for your com-
munion table to stand therein, at such time as it
shall not be used in the participation of those
sacred mysteries ; " and further, his lordship's
" earnest suit " was that " the table may be fairly
covered and adorned wheresoever it stand."
From the year 1632 to the year 1862, the Li-
brary has remained in the same building, and has
always retained the name it first acquired. It is
entered by a door on the eastern front of the
Guildhall buildings, which opens upon a flight of
stairs. The apartment is well lighted, and lofty.
On both sides are shelves, on which are ranged
many ponderous folios, freed from the chains by
which they were once fastened to their places. A.
catalogue of the works was prepared and printed
by Mr. Thomas Combe (now of Oxford) some
years ago ; but I cannot find a copy, and I believe
the edition has long disappeared.
Among the books (speaking from memory) I
believe are the Voragine Aurea Legends. Sancto-
rum, printed in 1476; a Salisbury Missal; Lan-
quett's Chronicle, in black letter (imperfect) ;
Speed's History of Great Britain; Sir Walter
Raleigh's History of the World ; Clarendon's His-
tory of the Rebellion ; the Codex Leicestriensis
(MS.) supposed to be of the fourteenth century.
I remember also the works of Augustine, of Calvin,
of Luther, and of other theologians. Old works
on science are also in the collection.
Sixty or seventy years ago, I was once told by
an aged inhabitant, a needle-maker kept the
library. When wanting paper on which to wrap
up his needles, he tore a leaf out of an old book.
In years bygone, too, the boys of the Free Gram-
mar School were allowed to frequent the library ;
they, too, wantonly destroyed the old tomes.
The library is now in the care of Mrs. Dawson,
appointed to her post by the Town Council. She
keeps the place clean, and preserves the books
from mutilation, for she understands their value.
The room is still made very useful. Meetings
are held in it ; and I may mention that among
other bodies the Leicestershire Architectural and
Archseological Society assembles regularly in it
once in every two months. JAMES THOMPSON.
A sketch of the history, contents, and con-
dition of this library may be found in Edwards's
Memoirs of Libraries, i. pp. 747 — 751.
JOSEPH Rix, M.D.
St. Neot's.
DE COSTER, THE WATERLOO GUIDE.
(3fd S. ii. 7.)
Every visitor to the field of battle may obtain
evidence sufficiently conclusive that the man
52
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[8»d S. II. JULY 19, '62.
called " Jean de Costa," in representing himself
as Napoleon's guide, only laid claim to preten-
sions to which he was entitled ; and that the gains
which those pretensions secured to him were
fairly earned by the previous loss, peril, and in-
tense anxiety which that post of honour had
caused to devolve on him.
During the last fourteen years, I have fre-
quently visited the battle-plain of the 18th of June,
in company respectively with the late Serjeant-
Major Cotton, Serjeant Mundy, and various
" peasant-guides," as well as the more remote
fighting grounds of the 16th, Quatre Bras, St.
Amatul, and Ligny. These several guides concur
in speaking (as of a fact never questioned and
not admitting doubt) of De Costa as being the
person employed as the companion of Napoleon
during the memorable day, and from some lips
I have heard incidents of his having been forcibly
carried off from his own house, quaking with fear,
to the presence of the great Emperor. His house
is on the left hand of the high road to Genappe
and Charleroi, in the village of Belle Alliance,
and is the first past the public-house known by
that name : it is now inhabited by his sons, or
one of them. The barn and outbuildings have
been enlarged, and the extent of cultivated ground
attached to the farm greatly increased ; to this
the large fees paid by the earlier travellers mate-
rially contributed.
Soon after the battle, there sprang up among
the peasants of the locality a new and lucrative
trade of guides, relic-venders, and stick-cutters ;
all noisy and wrangling rivals, and all able and
but too willing to expose and cry down the pre-
tensions of any one of their number who should
set up an unfounded claim for the purpose of
securing an undue and a more highly-paid share
of the gains. Now all these acquiesced in the
pretensions of Jean De Costa, and would, when
required, corroborate his statements, and the sur-
vivors and descendants of them still so acquiesce.
One of the inhabitants of the district, living
there at the time of the battle, with whom I have
become acquainted, is Martin Pirson, of Piance-
noit, now an old man, with children and grand-
children. I believe Captain Siborne availed him-
self of this man's aid, when preparing his model.
This man has, on more than one occasion, assured
me that Jean De Costa was his (Pirson's) own
cousin, and that when De Costa was brought into
the presence of Napoleon, he was mounted on a
led horse, and fastened to the animal's back, to
prevent his trying to escape.
J. S. NOLDWRITT, Hon. Sec.
Walworth Literary and Scientific Institution.
but in the parish register of Pomfret no mentio
of Wm. Nevison is made. It was searched son
years ago. Legends have it that '• Swift Nick'
was born at Upsall near Thirsk, but I can find
authority even for that. EBORACUB
In the Impartial Protest Mercury, No. 32, fr
Tuesday, Aug. 9, to Friday, Aug. 12, 1681, p.
col. 1, is the following, copied as printed :
"One John Nevison who stands Convicted by Two
"Verdicts for a Robbery upon the High-way, and also for
Horse-stealing, is escaped out of the Gaol at York, and
since hath Committed several Robberies ; and on Sunday,
July 31, hath barbarously Murdered Darcy Fletcher, in
Howly Park : he is a Man of a Middle Stature, and
Brown Hair'd, inclining to be Fat, Aged above Thirty
Years, and is thought (if he hare left his old Roads in the
West-riding of York-shire) to be gone towards the Sea-
Ports Westward. All Officers and others his Majesties
good Subjects, are desired to Apprehend, and Secure him,
and give the Gaoler at York Notice thereof; as they in-
tend the discharge of their Duties, or expect the Reward
of His Majesties late Proclamation."
D. B.
SHAKES (3rd S. i. 334.) — I think it will be con-
ceived that for the explanation of the majority of
our slang terms we must look to those oriental
dialects from which expressions have been im-
ported into our language, whether by the gypsies
or otherwise it matters not here.
Scared by the recent attempt to establish the
affinity of " riot" and "ryot," I would not advance
an Oriental descent of " no great shakes " had I
not a proper belief in its correctness ; but, after
due consideration, I would suggest to Mr. S.
BEISLY the Arabic , ^>^li, shakhs, Lat. vir, as
the true solution. Thus, no great shakhs, a mere
nobody.
When we consider the derivations of "bosh,"
"jackass," " quite the cheese," " Christmas boxes,"
" cum multis aliis qua; nunc," &c., I do not
think this derivation of " shakes " will be held im-
probable.
I am sorry I did not see this inquiry in time to
answer it earlier. H. D. E.
MICHAEL SCOTT'S WRITINGS ON ASTRONOMT
(3rd S. i. 131, 176.)— In consequence of the indi-
cation furnished by MR. DE MORGAN, I applied
to Dr. Coxe, the Head Librarian of the Bodleian,
and have received from him the following in-
formation : —
MS. Bodl. 266, is a great folio of nearly 220
leaves, written in double columns. The first
title is : " Incipit prohemium libri introductorii
quern edidit Michael Scotus, Astrologus Friderici
Imperatoris et semper Augusti, quern ad ejus
preces in affectuosa [*] leviter composuit propter
NEVISON THE FREEBOOTER (3r* S. i. 428; ii. 16.)
I am much obliged to Miss NORMAN for her reply ;
scolares, novicios et pauperes intellectui, teinpore
domini Innocentii Pape quarti." A feminine sub-
, stantive seems to be wanting after " affectuosa."
for her reply ; The proem occupies about 100 columns, in which
S. II. JULY 19, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
53
the author treats of the divine and human natures'
the creation, the orders of angels, and finally
astronomy and astrology. In the remaining por-
tion of the volume, there is much of the same argu-
ment with the three treatises cited from the works
of Michael Scott ; much on the " Signa Planeta-
rum ; " a chapter " De notitia artis nigroman-
ticse pertinentis ad ymagines," and another which
might mean the Dogmata ; " De notitia sfere et
circulorum ejus secundum opiniones multorum
philosophorum, ut Ptholomei, Alexandri, Deme-
trii, Dorrothei, Jashar, Thebith, Bencarach, Al-
fragani," &c. But there appears to be no transla-
tion from an Aristotelian text. Aristotle is cited,
as others : " ut ait philosophus in ccelo et mundo,"
&c. G. C. LEWIS.
ETYMOLOGY OF MESS (3rd S. i. 403.) — MR.
KEIGHTLKY derives the word mess, in the sense of
food or joint-eating, from the Spanish mesa, a
table ; in the sense of confusion, from a corruption
of maze.
The word mess signifies either a portion of food,
as " a mess of pottage," in the authorised version
of Genesis, xliii. 34, or (as Nares explains the
word in his Glossary) a party dining together, a
set. At large dinners, the diners were divided
into messes of four ; a custom which is still ob-
served at the dinners of students in the halls of
the Inns of Court. Hence the word mess was
sometimes used to signify a set of four, generally,
and without reference to dining.
A more probable derivation than that suggested
by ME. KEIGHTLEY is the Italian messo, which is
explained " muta di vivande, servito," a course ;
or the French mets, a dish. The word may like-
wise be derived from metan, Ang. Sax., to mea-
sure, in the sense of a portion measured out.
Mess, in the sense of confusion, seems to be
corrupted from the old word muss, which meant a
scramble. See the examples cited by Nares and
Eichardson, and by Wright, in his Diet, of Obsol.
and Prov. English. In Cotgrave's French Dic-
tionary (1632), " a musse " is stated to be " the
boyish scrambling for nuts," &c., and is inter-
preted by the French " a la groee, mousche."
Again, " a la groee " is interpreted " the boyish
scrambling for nuts, &c., cast on the ground ; a
musse." One of the senses given for " mousche "
is " the play called musse." The French word
mouche is probably the origin of muss. L.
ARMS OP THE KINGDOM OF LEON (3rd S. i. 407,
471, 510.) — Spener, writing in the year 1690,
says that the colour of the lion in the arms of
Leon, was a " vexed question ;" that most persons
held purpure to be the true colour, but that Me-
nestrier had proved gules to be such. His words
are: —
" De hujus leonis colore disputatur. Plerique (ita et
Chiffletius qui propterea molochinwn vocat) non rubeum
sed purpureum esse volant. Sed Cl. Fr. Menestrier Verit.
Art du Bias. cap. 7, p. 85, et 1'Art du Bias, justif. c. 3,
p. 58, probat quod rubeus sit."— Spener, Insign. Theoria,
Pars Special, lib. i. c. 38, § 6, p. 162, ed. Giess. So.
Mttlleri,fol. 1717.
He asserts that ChifHet was of opinion that
the Gothic kings of Spain, up to the time of
Alphonso VI. A.D. 1065, bore a lion, sable, on a
shield argent, and that Raymund of Burgundy,
A.D. 1100 — 6 introduced the lion purpure (molo-
chinus = mauve), but that David Blondell had
exploded this notion. Spener himself inclines to
one opinion of the last-named writer, viz., that
the adoption of the lion in the arms had its origin
in canting heraldry, being a play upon the name
of the kingdom, Leon. In the plate given by
Spener the lion is gules, and is also crowned. It
may perhaps be worth noting as a curious coin-
cidence, that the cognizance of the noble family
of Leon, in Brittany, was a lion, sable : " leo
niger in clypeo Aureo pro fam. Leon Britann.
et corona aurea ornatus." — Spener, Insig. Theor.
p. i. s. 3. 19, p. 234. But whether the similarity
of name — both being Leon in the vernacular, and
Legio in Latin, may have led fc> any confusion in
the blason of armorial bearings by the early
heraldic writers, is a point on which I will not
venture to give an opinion. E. A. D.
HYMN AT EPWORTH (3rd S. i. 497.) — The story
of Mr. Wesley's clerk at Epworth, who had to
give out the verses beginning —
" Like to an owl in ivy bush
That rueful thing am I," &c.
is taken, I presume, from Adam Clarke's Memoirs
of the Wesley Family (p. 232). Can MR. WORK-
ARD, or any of your correspondents, tell me in
what collection of hymns these lines are to be
found ? I have often endeavoured to trace them
to some accredited source, but in vain, and have
almost come to the conclusion that, like many
reputed hymnological absurdities, the story has
its foundation in fiction rather than in fact.
X. A. X.
BAIS BRIGG (3ra S. i. 466.) — The reference to
the phantom familiarised with Bais Brigg was
caused by a speech made by the noble Marquis of
Lothian to the members of the Norfolk and Nor- •
wich Archasological Society, on one of their excur-
sions, at his well-known mansion of Blickling.
After showing his treasures, collected by himself
and many previous generations of Hobarts and
Harbords, with the relics of the Boleyns, he face-
tiously said " he had been told there was a ghost
in his house, but that he could not show it to
tnem."
The wanderings of the restless spirit of Sir
Thomas Boleyn has been long a favourite topic
with the neighbouring gossips ; and his being
compelled to cross forty bridges within a given
54
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"i S. II. JULY 19, '62.
space of time, has been the alleged penance he was
doomed to suffer to save himself from the more
dreaded power of the " Evil One."
This is the substance of a tale of many years,
but should more be found deserving a record it
.shall be forwarded to your correspondent, M. F.
Bais Brigg, crossing the rivulet called the Gar
(a tributary stream to the river originally of the
same name), which supplied the piscaries in the
disparked grounds of the ancient residence of the
noble but extinct family of Paston, was for ages
avoided by the benighted peasants, few daring to
enter the lone lane, but few indeed ventured to
cross the "troubled" bridge.
There is little but positive fact to merit the re-
cord of the following foolery in your pages : —
A firm believer in this spectral visitation having
occasion to cross the bridge in the nocturnal hours,
took with him, as was his custom, a companion.
The two, as they came near the scene of terror,
perceived a glimmering light; as they approached
it, it shone more glaringly forth on either side
from beneath the arch, a place of no human habit-
ation ; soon the very focus of the light was seen,
and a gaunt figure was limb by limb developed,
crawling over the parapet. They were amazed ;
but their very senses reeled as the figure stalked
along upon their path, and stood before them —
the light was raised, and a piteous voice beseech-
ingly exclaimed, — "Pray, sirs, as you came along
did you see anything of my ducks?"
H. D'AVENEY.
VAILLANT" (3rd S. i. 506.)— I find,
amongst the notes which I made when I was at
Bourges some years ago, the " canting" motto of
Jacques Coeur given as —
" A vaiilant Cceur rien impossible."
Am I wrong in my quotation ? W. C.
THE MARROW CONTROVERSY (3rd S. ii. 10.) —
MR. IRVINE will find what he wants in a work
which you do not notice, but of which I possess a
copy, entitled —
" A full and true State of the Controversy concerning
the Marrow of Modern Divinity, as debated between the
General Assembly and several Ministers in the year 1720
and 1721. Glasgow: Printed by John Bryce, 1773, 12mo,
pp. 184."
JOHN KINSMAN.
Penzance.
EPITHALAMIUM ON HER MAJESTY'S MARRIAGE
(3rd S. ii. 8.)— Was it not poor Peithmann, who
afterwards went mad ? He was author of a very
good Latin Grammar. "W. C.
COLE or SCARBOROUGH, WORKS (3rd S. i. 509.)
When the Bibliographical Tour was published,
Cole printed on the label " (Only 100 copies)."
Were there really 150 ? And did this number
include the copies on writing-paper and on tint
paper ? JOSEPH Rix, ** T
St. Neots.
BARON (3rd S. i. 515.) — Etymology, as eve
one knows, is merely conjectural ; except wh«
it rests on historical evidence, as in chowse, naml_
i pamby, and such like, which might be otht-rwis
inexplicable. My derivation of baron, from Wehr-
ntmin, was therefore a mere conjecture, and I
think a wrong one, as it seemed to myself soon
after I had sent it to " N. & Q." ; but it was a
legitimate one, for consonants, especially the
liquids, were constantly inserted and ejected ;
and in this case the m being ejected, wehran, pro-
nounced vehran, might easily become varon —
baron.
I object, however, altogether to DR. CHANCE'S
habit of deriving words in the modern Teutonic
and Romanic languages, from the Semitic — a
totally different family ; and also see not the use
of piling up a heap of cognate terms, as he does
here, in the case of bar. In fine, however, I in-
cline to agree with him in regarding the Latin
vir as the root ; and perhaps the simplest way of
accounting for the on, is to suppose that the
immediate root was virum. There are, I think,
instances, though I cannot at present recollect
any, of um becoming OH ; at all events, in those
Latin words in um, used by the French, it is pro-
nounced on.
But there is also, as MR. PHLLLOTT has re-
minded us, a Latin word baro, or raro, used by
Cicero and Persius in the sense of fool ; while the
Scholiast on the latter tells us, it was a Gallic
word, signifying a soldier's gillie or attendant ; in
which sense it would seem to be used by Hirtius,
Sell. Alex. 53. This then may also claim to be
the original of Baron. THOS. KEIGHTLEY.
RELATIVE VALUE OP MONEY (3rd S. i. 518.)—
As Ma. WORKARD gave his list of prices from
Yorkshire, and MR. MERRYWEATHER did not tell
where his came from, I thought myself justified in
setting it also down as provincial. Further, as
the latter seems to think slightly of my authorities,
I beg to state that comedies are as good authorities
in my opinion, for current prices, as any Sessions
Rolls or other documents ; for a comic writer
would never venture to make statements which
almost every one of the audience would know to
be false. I will then venture on another case
from a comedy.
MR. MERRYWEATHER states that, in the case of
, "horses, cattle, foods, rents, &c., money was in
i them considerably more than double or treble its
! present value," — four times, we may assume.
\ Now FalstafI says to the Host at Windsor : " I
sit at ten pounds a-week," i. e. I pay you 10/.
a-week for myself, my three men and a boy,
i and say four horses. This expense was, we may
3r* S. II. JULY 19, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
55
observe, all for articles which MR. MERRYWEATHER
sets down as being extremely low-priced, for sack
also was such ; and I ask, would any hotel-keeper
at Windsor now dream of asking 401. a-week for
a gentleman and his suite (as it is termed) of that
number ?
MR. MERRYWEATHER sees no difficulty in be-
lieving that Shakspeare, his wife, and daughter,
lived at the rate of 4,0001. a-year ; manufactured
articles he supposes made up the difference, these
being very high-priced. Mrs. Otter speaks of her
gown having cost 18Z., and other articles were
high in proportion. So, supposing Miss Judith
to have been a dressy person — for the old couple
could hardly have been such — and to have spent
even 2001. a-year present money on clothes, we
are as far as ever from understanding how the
4,OOOZ. a-year was got through in such a place as
Stratford. THOS. KEIGHTLEY.
PARODIES ON GRAY'S ELEGY (3rd S. i. 197, 355 ;
ii. 17.) — The following was published at the time
of the Reform Bill agitation. I quote from
memory : —
" Here rests his head upon a lap of earth,
A youth to fortune (not to fame) well known ;
A rotten borough smiled upon his birth,
And made him an M.P. at twenty-one.
" Dull were his speeches, glibly learnt by rote,
They drew his country's dearly bought attention ;
He gave to ministers his all — a vote ;
He gained from them — 'twas all he wished — a pen-
sion.
" No further seek his merits to disclose,
Nor view his faults with too severe an eye ;
For in the calm repose of Schedule A.,
His borough and himself together lie."
WM. DOBSON.
Preston.
POPE'S EPITAPH ON THE DIGBYS (3rd S. ii.
6.) — MR. MARKLAND will find, I think, that
" mortal " instead of " moral," in the line —
" Go, and exalt thy Moral to Divine," —
is a mere misprint in the editions to which he
refers. The substitute would certainly be no
improvement ; and, as it appears to me, would
spoil the epitaph. The meaning of " moral,"
which MR. MARKLAND has given, " the practice of
the duties of .life," is evidently the true one, and
the antithesis is between that practice and the
exaltation of being admitted to the beatific vision.
The term "moral" or "morality," like that of
" critic," frequently used in Pope's time for " criti-
cism," is borrowed from the French. There is a
fine passage in Norris of Bemerton which is some-
what analogous, though Norris is speaking only
of different states in this world. He distinguishes
between —
" Moral or Civil Virtue, the habitude of the Will to
good, whereby we are constantly disposed, notwithstand-
ing the contrary tendency of our Passions, to perform
the necessary Offices of Life, and that which, to dis-
tinguish it from the other, wermay call Divine Virtue,
the object of the former being Moral Good, and the ob-
ject of the latter God himself. The former," he says, "is
a state of Proficiency, the latter of Perfection. The
former is a state of Difficulty and Contention ; the latter
of Ease and Serenity. The former is employed in mas-
tering the Passions, and regulating the Actions of Com-
mon Life; the latter in Divine Meditation and the
Extasies of Seraphic Love. He that has only the former
is like Moses, with much difficulty climbing up to the
Holy Mount; but he that has the latter, is like the same
person Conversing with God on the serene Top of it, and
shining with the rays of Anticipated Glory. So that
this latter supposes the Acquisition of the former, and
consequently has all the Happiness pertaining to the
other besides what it adds of its own. This is the last
Stage of Human Perfection — the utmost round of the
Ladder whereby we ascend to Heaven. One Step higher
is Glory." — Miscellanies, edit. 1710, 8vo, p. 292.
JAS. CROSSLEY.
LINES ON PITT (3rd S. i. 486.) — The lines on
Pitt, quoted by SCIOLIST, he will find in Heber's
Europe (149). This poem, we are told, was com-
menced during a sleepless night at Dresden, in
1806. It was completed and published three
years afterwards, with a sheet Preface, which has
been rather unwisely omitted in the author's
volume of Poems and Translations, 1812, and
subsequent editions.
As given by the author, the irst line stands : —
" And thou, blest star of Europe's darkest hour,
Whose words were wisdom, and whose counsels power."^
SCIOLIST prints the line " bright star," an emen-
dation. J. H. MARKLAND.
TOADS IN ROCKS (3rd S. i. 389, 478.) — Shortly
before the Exhibition was opened, some of the
daily prints said there was, or would be deposited
in that building, a specimen of a toad, together
with the matrix of rock in which it had been dis-
covered. If such be now the case, it would be
well to examine the curiosity for the purpose of
ascertaining two points. 1st. Whether the crea-
ture be really a toad ; and, 2ndly. To what for-
mation, geologically speaking, the matrix of rock
belongs. MR. DOUGLAS ALLPORT'S geological
argument is irresistible and unanswerable, namely,
That toads cannot be enclosed in rocks of forma-
tions older than the period when toads first ap-
peared upon the earth. It comes to this, — that we
cannot find toads before they were created.
P. HUTCHINSON.
EPITAPH (3rd S. i. 389.) — The idea, so often
epitaphised, is borrowed from a stanza in a poem,
written by William Billyng, a poet of the four-
teenth century, and entitled JErth upon Erth.
Prefixed is a rude sketch of a naked body, ap-
parently just raised from the grave; with a mat-
tock in the right hand, and a spade at the feet.
Billyng's Poems were printed from the original
MS. by R. and W. Dean. I cannot recall to
memory the date of publication. J. L.
56
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3«i S. II. JULY 19, '62.
BARON or THE EXCHEQUER (3rd S. i. 466,
517.) — There is a curious, but I conceive a purely
fanciful explanation of this title, in Finch's Laic,
b. 4, c. i. p. 240, edit. 1627 : —
" The Judges whereof [the Court of Exchequer] are
called Barons, or housebands for the King's Revenue."
To make this intelligible to non-professional
readers, " les lays gents," who, as Littleton (s.331)
observes, " ne sont apprises en la ley," I may add,
that our law gives to the husband the pompous
feudal title of baron, while the wife is designated
by the simple, and to modern ears perhaps some-
what uncourteous, name of feme or woman only.
DAVID GAM.
"DURANCE VILE" (2Iia S. xii. 223, 253.) —
Burns had probably some vague recollection of
Shakspeare's use of a corresponding phrase in the
Second Part of King Henri/ IV., Act V. Sc. 5,
where Pistol says : —
" Thy Doll, and Helen of thy noble thoughts,
Is in base durance."
J. S. C.
CHURCH USED BY CHURCHMEN AND ROMAN CA-
THOLICS (3rd S. i. 427.) — In the parish church of
Standou, Herts, the chancel is raised by a flight
of steps above the level of the church, and I have
heard a tradition, that the chancel was used by
the Roman Catholics, and the church by the Pro-
testants. As the chancel would have belonged to
the Lords Aston, who adhered to the old faith,
there may be some truth in the legend. The uses
may have been illegal, but under the two first of
the Stuarts, the illegality may have been connived
at. J. H. L.
MONETERS' WEIGHTS (3rd S. i. 412.) — Much
light has been thrown upon the subject by W. C.,
but can he, or any other correspondent, furnish in-
formation respecting the words Estelin, MaiUe,
and Felin as applied to weights ? Cuo.
GHEAST FAMII.T (3rd S. i. 389.) — The arms of
Gheast, Geste, or Guest, now Dugdale, as en-
tered in the Worcestershire Visitation, 1634, are
az. a chev. or, between three shovellers' heads
erased, ppr. Crest, a shoveller's head erased,
ppr. between two ostrich feathers, or. ("Lee Pedi-
gree " in Hamper's Life of Sin Wm. Dugdale.')
The arms mentioned by the editor, at p. 389, are
those of Dugdale quartering Stratford.
H. S. G.
TREBLE (3rd S. i. 507.) — The derivation of
this word as advanced by your correspondent,
whether the correct one or not, has certainly the
merit of ingenuity to recommend it. As, how-
ever, I take treble to be a purely musical term, I
would suggest that it might take its name from
the high-toned bell which was carried by the
Thurible or incense-bearing chorister, and thus
give it_an instrumental, rather than a vocal origin.
F. PHILLOTT.
When the Query of NOTSA first appeared ir
" N. & Q." respecting the derivation of the wore
treble, as used to designate the high vocal part in
music, I was quite satisfied with the answer ap-
pended to it by the editor, which was as follows :
" The lowest sound in the scale was gam-ut-bass ;
the next octave was gam-ut-mean ; the third was
gam-ut-triple, or treble." But I own I can see
no probability, or even plausibility, in the sup-
posed derivation of treble from thurible. The
thurifers were certainly boys, but so were the
acolyths : and why should thurifers or thuribularii
have given their name to the vocal part suited to
boys, any more than acolyths ? The acolyths were
not connected with the choral department ; they
had only to answer and serve at mass ; but as to
the thurifers, they neither said nor sung anything,
but merely swung and served the thurible. I
must, therefore, consider the supposed derivation
wholly untenable. F. C. H.
MORTARS AND CANNONS (3"1 S. i. 504.) — Lewes
is in Sussex and not in Surrey, as N. P. has it.
The residence of Ralf Hogge, who, in 1543, cast
the first iron gun, still remains.
"Master Huggett and his man John,
They did cast the first cannon,"
is the old local rhyme. The names, Hogge and
Hugget, have got confounded in some way, but
there is no reason to doubt that the prose and the
poetical account refer to the same individual.
GEORGE F. CHAMBERS.
Campden Hill.
PEACOCK'S WORKS (3rd S. i. 508.) — Add also
jRhododaphne, a little poem containing passages of
great beauty. W. J. BERNHARD SMITH.
Temple.
CASTLE OF LIVERPOOL (3rd S. i. 504.) — As
another Note on the castle of Liverpool, it may
be mentioned that a confirmation charter to the
priory of Finchale, of Henry Duke of Lancaster,
Earl of Derby, Leicester, Lincoln, and Steward of
England, is dated " apud castrum nostrum de
Liverpull," on the 20th July, 1358. (The Priory
of Finchale, Surtees Soc. 1837, p. 162.)
N. H. S.
DR. JOHNSON AT OXFORD (3rd S. i. 512.) — Your
correspondent QUEEN'S GARDENS must surely be
incorrect in his assertion that Dr. Johnson was
" scourged over the buttery-hatch at Oxford."
In the face of such a fact, Johnson could hardly
have written thus of Milton : —
" I am ashamed to relate what I fear is true, that Mil-
ton'was one of the last students in either University that
suffered the public indignity of corporal correction."
As Johnson was at Oxford more than a century
3*4 S. II. JULY 19, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
57
after Milton was at Cambridge, I think QUEEN'S
GARDENS has committed an anachronism in allow-
ing to exist in Johnson's days what was at the
point of becoming extinct more than a hundred
years before. B. A.
" YANKEE DOODLE BORROWS CASH " (3rd S. i.
513) appeared in the Literary Gazette for Jan.
18, 1845, No. 1461. In a note from the editor,
he says : —
"Having heard it sung with the accompaniment of
some merry laughter, we begged the MS. from the author,
and print it in the hope that it will amuse on both sides
of the Atlantic."
GEORGE SHAW.
9, King Edward Street, E.G.
DURNFORD FAMILY (3rd S. i. 492.) — The re-
marks of M. S. R. on this family contain some
apparent inaccuracies, which I should be glad if
he would rectify by references to his authorities,
Thomas Durnford is said to have been baptised at
Andover in 1684, and buried at Ringwood in
1737 ; but the documents by which he is proved
to be one and the same person are not referred to.
Are the names of the parents, and any allusion
to their former residence at Andover, to be found
in the baptismal register at Ringwood, in the
entry of Elias Durnford, March 11, 1720? Where
is the marriage of Elias and Martha Durnford re-
gistered ? Where is the register of the birth of
Andrew their third son, and how is the latter, who
lived at Fordingbridge identified as the grandson
of Thomas Durnford of Andover ?
How is Augustus Durnford proved to be a de-
scendant of Thomas Durnford of Durnford, and
what connection is there between his daughter-
in-law, Susanna Stillingfleet, and the bishop of
the same name ?
I have examined the Registers of Wills for the
county of Hants or Southampton, and find only
the following four entered in the indices : —
"Jo. Durnford, of Brook, 1683, an admin*" (missing.)
" J. Durnford, of Whitsbury, 1714, ditto, ditto.
" John Dornford, of Gosport, 1746 (missing.")
There is, however, to be seen the will of Joan
Durnford of Barton Stacey, dated 1660, but al-
tered into 1670 by some later hand. In it she
mentions her residence in the parish of St. Mary,
Hants. To her son Thomas she bequeaths a bed
and bedstead, curtains, and a pair of blankets, one
table, and four stools. To her daughter Elizabeth
a bolster and pillows, a black coat, apron and a
table. To her daughter Frances Sopper similar
bequests. The testatrix affixes her mark to the
will. Her goods and chattels were valued at
28Z. 10*.
Apropos of the name itself, there is small street
in Winchester named Dura-gate, i. e. TFafer-gate.
SPAL.
WHITE QUAKERS (3rd S. i. 459, 515.) —As I do
not imagine that " N. & Q." are intended to be the
| medium for misrepresenting any body of Christian
professors, I hope to be allowed a few words in
reply to the communication of EIRIONNACH in
your number for June 7. His first paragraph is
mainly correct, although it would have been more
accurate to say that the " White Quakers " were
expelled from the Society by their more sober-
minded brethren. As to their having " succeeded
in adding several stringent rules to the book of
discipline," I must be allowed to doubt the fact
until EIRIONNACH produces his proof. Neither
Dublin Monthly Meeting, nor any other, has any
power to alter that book as stated ; such power
being exclusively in the hands of the Yearly or
National Meeting.
It is to the last paragraph, however, of EIRION-
NACH'S article that I wish chiefly to allude. No
one who has any considerable acquaintance with
the Quakers will, I venture to say, regard The
Story of my Life, so highly commended by
EIRIONNACH, as better than a gross caricature.
The picture it draws of the sect is about as fair a
one as that of the Early Christians by their
heathen opponents. A few specimens of its ac-
curacy will be found in a little work published by
Hodges & Smith, Dublin, in 1853, bearing the
title — Ostentation; or, Critical Remarks on ' Qua-
kerism, or, the Story of my Life' — and written by
Sandham Elly.
Your correspondent is incorrect as to the name
of the " respected " author of the " valuable (!)
work" which he recommends. Mrs. John Robert
Greer (not Mrs. Thomas Grier) is entitled to all
the honour (?) of its authorship.
To those who would wish to see the real prin-
ciples and practices of Quakerism treated of by a
pen — hostile, indeed, but not dipped in the gall
of bitterness — allow me to recommend a work
published a few months since by Hodges, Smith,
& Co., Dublin, intituled Charles and Josiah ; and
which is said to have been written by Prof. Har-
vey of Trinity College, Dublin.
J. T.
I must acknowledge the weight of your corres-
pondent's testimony and respect it, but see no rea-
son why Mrs. Greer's testimony should not have, at
least, equal respect ; and, let me remind HIBERNO-
CATHOLICUS, that her book has never been refuted.
I was in Dublin when the book was published, and
remember hearing that the Society made strenuous
efforts, both by bribes and intimidation, to prevent
it appearing, and afterwards to suppress it when
published. A crushing Reply was immediately
announced with an angry flourish of trumpets. I
watched eagerly for it, and lo ! after several
months' delay, parturiunt monies, — a thin pamphlet
appeared, by a well-known leader among the
Friends, full of bitterness and railing, but without
an attempt at meeting Mrs. Greer's charges. This
would have been too perilous a risk to have run,
58
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"i S. II. JULY 19, '62.
&a Mrs. Greer threatened that, if her facts were
questioned, she would publish names, dates, cor-
roborative testimonies, and original documents, at
full length. EIRIONNACH.
I have to thank EIHIONNACH for his reply to my
Query, and to say that I have read Mrs. Greer's
Quakerism ; or, the Story of my Life. Allow me
now, Mr. Editor, to make a few remarks on
HiiJKRNo-CATHOLicrs's note at p. 515, under the
head of " Quakers ; " and which was written as
a comment on a previous reply.
HIBKRNO-CATHOLICDS says that Mrs. Greer's
book " is a gross caricature, and abounds in fic-
tion." Now, I have not the pleasure of that
lady's acquaintance, but I know something of
her, and I believe she is incapable of either
false statements or misrepresentation.
Mrs. Greer had been for many years in con-
nection with the Quaker community, as well as
HIBEBNO-CATHOLICUS, and had probably better
opportunities for observing " men and manners "
among them ; and when her first edition of
Quakerism was attacked as " anonymous slander,"
and her statements impugned, she offered to bring
out a second edition, with names and places in
full. This silenced opposition, and there was no
more about " gross caricature " and " fiction."
HIBERNO-CATHOLICUS ought to bear in mind
that Mrs. Greer's work had reference to indi-
viduals and events which happened years ago,
when they were in their teens, or before it, and
not about " Quakerism in its present phase,"
which, he says, " is just now undergoing consider-
able transformation." GEOBGE LLOYD.
Thurstonland.
BLAKE FAMILY (3rd S. i. 423 ; ii. 14.) — I find
the Rev. Nathaniel Blake of Ashclt, co. Somerset,
executor to the will of Rev. John Rock of W.
Bagborough in 1680. He is probably identical
with Nath. Blake of Balliol Col., Oxford, and of
Harboro', Warwick, who was an eminent clergy-
man, and died at the latter place in 1712, aged
43. A good account of the Bhikcs of Somerset
would be interesting to others besides your cor-
respondent. In the new edition of Burke's
Landed Gentry (sub. " Blake of Renvyle,") it is
stated that John Blake, Mayor of Galway in
1646, had (besides Thomas, his heir), three sons;
of these, John went to Montserrat, and Nicholas
and Henry to Barbadoes. Now, the great. Ad-
miral must have been contemporary with these,
and in his family there was also a Nicholas and
a connection with Barbadoes! There is, there-
fore, abundant opening here for confusion and
the puzzlement of inquisitive genealogists.
C. J. R.
Your correspondent SPAL asks information in
your valuable periodical concerning the collateral
descendants of Admiral Blake. I can only tell him
that my grandmother, Elizabeth Bastone Blake
daughter of Francis Blake, Esq., of M inched
was believed to be the last descendant of Nichols
Bluke, or George (I am not sure which),
both settled in Minehead. My grandmother's
family had lived there for generations, and claimed
to be the descendants (collateral, of course,)
of the great Admiral. We have in the family
an old cup and a large table-cloth, with the
achievements of the Admiral displayed thereon,
which has been handed down as an heir-loom.
Elizabeth Bastone Blake, who was an heiress,
married the Rev. John Emra, Vicar of St. George's,
Bristol. Some of the family did emigrate to Ame-
rica ; but whether they were the descendants of
Humphrey or not, I cannot say. If I can assist
SPAL any further in his researches, I shall be
happy. J. EMRA HOLMES.
Hartlepool, Durham.
ADJUSTMENT or EYE TO DISTANCE (3rd S. i.
485.) — The recent discoveries referred to are
doubtless those discussed by Professor Goodsir in
a Communication to the Royal Society of Edin-
burgh, read 7th January, 1856. (See Proceedings,
vol. iii. p. 343.) The question had been simpli-
fied by Volkmann, who proved that the eye, when
passive, is adapted for distant vision. Dr. Cramer,
of Groningen, showed in 1851 that the eye be-
comes adapted for near vision by the pressure of
the iris and ciliary muscle upon the lens, render-
ing it more convex. The elasticity of the lens
restores it to the original form, on the removal of
the pressure. In 1853, Helmhotz independently
arrived at the same conclusion, and determined
the radius of curvature of the anterior surface for
distant vision to be 10 or 11 millemetres ; for
near vision, about 5 millemetres. W. S. J.
" The power by which it (the eve) adapts itself to
variations in the distance of the object — so as to form a
distinct image of it, whether it be six inches, six yards,
or six miles off, — is extremely remarkable, and cannot
be regarded as hitherto completely explained. — Vide
Carpenter's Human Physiology, 909, et seq. (1853); also
Todd & Bowman's Physiological Anatomy, vol. ii. p. 27 ;
and Dr. Clay Wallace on The Adjustment of the Eye to
Distances. .New York, 1851.
R. W. F.
" THE RIVAL FRIENDS " (3rd S. ii. 9.) — The
prefix " Sr," or its equivalent " Dr," is at Cam-
bridge the distinction of the Bachelor's degree.
Mr., of course, is prefixed to the name of an M.A.
It is worth 'notice that as Sir, or Dominus, was
prefixed to the names of parish priests, perhaps in
right of their being Bachelors (Bas-chevalier*), so
also in the sixteenth century the word Bachelor
was used in Western Europe, very often as an
equivalent for a man in Holy Orders. The Bache-
lor of that time represented the " divine " of The
Spectator. W. C.
MB. JDSTICE HEATH (3rd S. ii. 11.) — Another
judge who has not received knighthood, is the
3rd S. II. JULY 19, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
59
Plight Hon. Thomas Erskine, son of the late Lord
Erlkine. W. C.
PAPA AND MAMMA (3rd S. i. 505.) — I do not
know of an earlier instance of the use of those
infantile words than the one which G. A. C. will
find in Lilly's Euphues. Some such form must
always be the infant's mode of pronouncing the
designation of father and mother.
But it is somewhat remarkable that the form
"papa" should, in the language of so many
nations, have been appropriated to the priest or
religious father. The chief bishop of Western
Christendom — " the most Holy Father" — is com-
monly known as the Papa, or Pope. In Eastern
Christendom every parish priest is honoured by
the appellation of papa. It will I think be found,
that the common use of papa and mamma in Eng-
land, as equivalents for father and mother, dates
from the fondness for everything French, which
began to prevail amongst us towards the latter
part of the seventeenth century.
At present (and let me heartily congratulate
G. A. C. upon it) there is every symptom of the
fashion becoming speedily obsolete. Of course
it has long since become obsolete, even if it ever
prevailed, among the boys of our upper-middle
and higher classes. And by their sisters it is now
looked upon somewhat with disfavour. Nor is it
by any means so general in the nursery as it was
some years ago.
Altogether I think, that within a few years to
come, papa and mamma, as tantamount to father
and mother, will only be used by that class which
designates itself as " genteel." W. C.
CRAY (3rd S. i. 506.) — Cray is simply crecca,
a rivulet, or river landing place. A reference to
the Parliamentary Gazetteer will show that there
is not only a Cray, river and hamlet, in Brecon-
shire, but that the word enters into other forms
of composition in English topography. Crayford
appears as Creccanford, Crecganford, Creacan-
ford, &c. ; and Cricklade as Cracgelad, Creccage-
lad, &c., in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (vide Mr.
Thorpe's excellent Index).
MACKENZIE E. C. WALCOTT, M.A., F.S.A.
GERMAN PHILOSOPHERS (3rd S. 5. 450.) — In
reply to part of Grime's Query it may be stated,
that the recently-deceased German " philosopher,"
Schopenhauer, has expressed himself to the fol-
lowing effect. I translate his words as literally
as possible : —
" When we represent to ourselves, so far as we ap-
proximatively can, the sum of want, pain, and suffering
of every kind which the sun shines on in his course, it
will be conceded that it might have been far better if he
had not called forth the phenomena of life on our earth,
any more than he has done on the moon ; but had left
the surface of the earth, like that of the moon, in its
crystalline state. Our life may also be conceived as a
needlessly-disturbing episode in the blissful repose of
non-existence" (the Nirvana of the Buddhists). "In any
case, even he to whom life has been endurable, will be
convinced, the longer he lives, that it is on the whole a
disappointment — nay, a cheat (the words in italics are in
English in the original) ; or, to speak plainly, bears the
character of a huge mystification, not to say imposi-
tion."— Parerga und Paralipomena, 2r Band, p. 253.
Schopenhauer's last biographer, Wilhelm Gwin-
ner (Leipzig, 1862), says, that "before he went
to bed, he frequently opened his Bible — the Oup-
nekhat" (the theological portion of the Sanscrit
Vedas), " for the purpose of performing his devo-
tions. That book, he signified, would also be his
last consoler in the hour of death."
If " German philosophers " can bring the world
nothing more true and comforting than this, they
had better hold their tongue for evermore.
JOHN MACRAY.
Oxford.
CUSTOMS IN THE COUNTY OF WEXFORD (3rd S. i.
503.) — The writer of the article thus entitled,
after relating a case of the "cure" by passing
under and over a donkey, remarks that it would
probably " be in vain to seek for any origin of
this custom" ; but on the contrary, in the South
of Ireland, where the practice is well known, the
cure is believed to be performed Inj the virtue of
the craw, i. e. the cross, or longitudinal and lateral
lines which mark the donkey's back.
In regard to the custom of turning to follow a
funeral for a short distance (which is very general
in Ireland), it is thought that " coming against the
corpse hinders it its journey," it is useless to
question how. Another very strange article of
popular faith regarding the dead, is, that when
several funerals take place at one time, the last
body that enters the churchyard will be doomed
to draw water for the rest in the unknown world
to which they have gone, until the same event
(of several funerals at once) again occurs. And
so much is this fate dreaded, that on various oc-
casions the bearers of the coffins have had furious
battles at the churchyard gates for the precedence
of their own friend ; when the coffins have been
thrown down, and even broken in the heat of the
contention.
I do not know if the custom of lighting candles
on All Souls' Eve is universal in Catholic coun-
tries ; but in the South of France they ring the
church bells all the night through in the most
distracting manner, ringing backwards ; and with
every discord they can chime, with a sudden clash
and clang between each variation. I shall never
forget the All Souls' Eve I passed at Pont de
Beauvoisin many years ago, the hotel being close
to a church. Sleep was impossible, and violent
headache inevitable. A service for the rest of
the departed souls was going on in all the churches,
and the tolling of the bells was I believe between
the recitation of each prayer. M. F.
Cork.
60
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. JULY 19, '62.
POSSESSION NINE POINTS OF THE LAW (3rd S. i.
888.) — I observe that this proverb is quoted by
J. P. (3rd S. ii. 16,) in the following form: "Pos-
session is eleven points of the law, and they say
there are but twelve." I believe the usual read-
ing is that given by PROFESSOE DE MOBGAN —
"nine points." Is not the allusion to the de-
calogue, taken as a general representative of all
laws ? — q. d. " You have in your favour nine-
tenths of everything that is binding, when you
enjoy actual possession."
JOB J. BABDWELL WOBKABD, M.A.
NUMISMATIC : GOTHIC CROWN or QCEEN Vic-
TOBIA (3rJ S. i. 330, 379, 399.) — Following up
previous information, it may be interesting to
some readers to know that a very beautiful en-
graving, in silver, of this fine coin is given this
month in that excellent magazine, The Intellectual
Observer. The engraving is most faithful : the
obverse and reverse are both shown, and the edge
inscription is engraved also in two illustrations.
In the same number the celebrated and rare
" Petition Crown," of Thomas Simon (one of
which was exhibited by Capt. Murchison the other
evening at the Numismatic Society's soiree in
Mr. Virtue's), is similarly engraved in silver:
both engravings accompanying an interesting ar-
ticle on " Money and Moneyers," by Mr. Joseph
Newton of H. M. Mint. While producing Simon's
" Petition Crown," as a proof of the admirable
talent of that famous engraver, Mr. Newton says
it would be invidious to depict only the work of
an engraver of times long past ; and he accord-
ingly introduces the fac-simile of the "Gothic
Crown," which he calls " the scarcely less remark-
able work of the late William Wyon."
JAMES J. LAMB.
Underwood Cottage, Paisley. *
NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.
Lists of Foreign Protestants and Aliens resident in Eng-
land 1618—1688, from Returns in the State Paper Office.
Edited by VV. Durrant Cooper, F.S.A. (Printed for the
Camden Society).
When we bear in mind how large a proportion of our
more eminent commoners trace their origin to those
Protestant Foreign Refugees who in old times sought an
asylum in this country from the storms of religious and
political persecution, there cannot be a doubt that in
selecting the work before us for publication by the Cam-
den Society, the Council has evinced sound judgment
and a jnst appreciation of what will be at once acceptable
to the members of the Society, and useful to historical
students. The Lists contained in this volume are, first,
those of the names of the French and other Refugees
who, in 1622, were resident in St. Martin's-le-Grand in
London, and also of the foreigners who were then resi-
dent in Canterbury, Norwich, and other principal places
of refuge in England; and, secondly, lists of those refu-
gees who came into this country between the years 1678
and 1088 during the troubles preceding and immediat
following the revocation of the Edict of Nant.
whom free letters of denization were granted by Charles ]
and James II. Mr. Cooper, in his very able introductio
not only explains the circumstances under which the
various lists were prepared, but adds to their historic
value and interest by much curious biographical
formation, identifying the various representatives of
Refugees now existing in the Bouveries, Tyssens, Le-
fevres, Martineaus, &c. of our own time. While that
nothing might be wanted to give value to the book, he
has accompanied it by a most complete Index of the
names of all the parties mentioned in it.
Slack's Guide to the South- Western Counties of Eng-
land, Dorsetshire, Devon, and Cornwall. With Maps and
Illustrations. (A. & C. Black.)
Black's Picturesque Guide to YorksJiire. With Map of
the County, and Numerous Plans and Views. C Second
Edition.) (A. & C. Black.)
Where shall we Go 9 A Guide to the Watering-Placet
of England, Scotland, and Ireland. With Maps and
Illustrations. Third Edition, revised and imprond. (A.
& C. Black.)
Practical Swiss Guide Red Book for Switzerland, the
adjoining Districts of Savoy, Piedmont, North Italy, §-c.
By An Englishman Abroad. Sixth Edition. Fourteenth
Thousand. (Simpkin & Co.)
As the cuckoo heralds the Spring, so does the issue of
innumerable Guide Books herald in the time when the
roving Englishman and Englishwoman prepare to leave
the comforts of their quiet every day lives for the change,
variety, and incident of travel at home and abroad.
Messrs. Black.'who have established a sort of supremacy
in Guide Books for Scotland, have lately shown a strong
disposition to cross the Border and challenge our re-
nowned Murray on his own peculiar ground. We have,
in the first of the works enumerated above, a very useful
and instructive companion to the Tourist in the Southern
Counties. The Yorkshire Guide has been newly ar-
ranged in a way to combine an alphabetical and district
arrangement of the various localities described ; while
Where shall we Go ? in its improved and revised form
is better calculated than ever to solve the difficulty im-
plied in its interrogative title-page. Of the Stoiss Guide
we need say nothing more than that it bears on its title
certain evidence of the popularity it has attained in the
words, " Sixth Edition, Fourteenth Thousand."
BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES
WANTED TO PURCHASE.
Particulars of Price, tc., of the following Book to be sent direct to the
gentlemen by whom it is required, and whose names and addrew are
given for that purpose: —
SHARON TI-RNF.R'S EDWARD VI., MARY, AND ELIZABETH. 3rd Edition'
1835. 2Vol«.
Wanted by Messrs. Hcnningham tf Hottii, 5, Mount Street, W.
flatited to CnrreinorrtrenW.
Owing to the number of short BKPMES waiting far insertion, we tare
this \oede been compelled to omit a portion of our usual Notes on Bookj.
A CONSTANT READER ha* only to run hi» eue over the Index to the.
First Volume of our 3rd Serie*. issued with the present .\~umber,_for an
answer to hit ovation. " N. * Q,," while intend d to „•
man > His studies, is equally intended to assist the general :
obtaining solutions to tho<e inquiries which suggest themselves to all clones
ofrearlera, whether those inquiries refer <oaUusiims,qu> '
anecdotes, ohsrure phnivs, or any other of those nui"
the careful perusal of any book, worth reading, necessantf gives rite to.
"Nora AMD QUERIES " is published at noon on Friday, and it also
issued m MONTHLY PARTS. The Subscription for STAMPED COPIES for
Six Months fbnoardetl ilirect from the Publisher* (tnclutling ike Half-
yearly INDEX) is Us. 4d., which may be paid bu Post 00icf Order in
favour O/MEMJU. BELL AMD DALDT, 186, FLEET STREET, E.G.! to irAum
nU CovurNicATinNs FOB THE EDITOR should be addressed.
3rd S. IL JULY 19, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
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J. T. Hibbert. Esq.,M.A., M.P.
Peter Hood, Esq.
Directors.
The Hon. R. E.Howard, D.C.L.
James Hunt, Esq.
John Leigh, Esq.
Edm. Lucas, Esq.
F. B. Marson, Esq.
E. Vansittart Neale, Esq., M.A.
Bonamy Price, Esq., M.A.
Jas. Lys Seager, Esq.
Thomas Statier, Esq.
John B. White, Esq.
Henry Wilbraham.Esq., M.A.
Actuary. — Arthur Soratchley, M.A.
Attention is particularly invited to the VALUABLE NEW PRIN-
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with the Rates of most other Companies.
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MEDICAL MEN are remunerated, in all cases, for their Reports to the
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Now ready, price 14s.
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London: LONGMAN, GREEN, LONGMAN & ROBERTS.
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HOLLO WAY'S PILLS.— THE DIRECT REMEDY.
For the subjugation of disease, and the preservation of health, it
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UNITED KINGDOM
LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY,
No. 8, WATERLOO PLACE, PALL MALL, S.W.
The Hon. FRANCIS SCOTT, Chairman.
CHARLES BERWICK CURTIS, Esq., Deputy Chairman.
EDWARD LENNOX BOYD, Esq.
(Resident).
WILLIAM FAIRLIE, Esq.
D. Q. HENRIQUES.Esq.
J. G. HENRIQUES, Esq.
MARCUS H. JOHNSON. Esq.
A. H. MACDOUGALL, ESQ.
F. C. MAITLAND, Esq.
WILLIAM RAILTON, Esq.
THOS. THORBY.Esq., F.S.A.
HENRY TOOGOOD, Esq.
SUPERIOR ACCOMMODATION AFFORDED BY THIS
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This Company offers the security of a large paid-up capital, held in
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There have been three divisions of profits, the bonuses averaging
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ment of the Company.
Sum Assured. Bonuses added. Payable at Death.
£5,000 £1,987 10s. £6,987 10s.
1,000 397 10s. 1,397 10s.
100 39 15S. 139 15s.
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annum; but as the profits have averaged nearly 2 per cent, per annum,
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Loans granted on approved real or personal security.
Invalid Lives. Parties not in a sound state of health may be insured
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The funds or property of the company, as at 1st January, 1861,
amounted to £730,665 7s. lOci., invested in Government and other ap-
proved securities.
Prospectuses and every information afforded on application to
E. L. BOYD, Resident Director.
T AW LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY, Fleet Street,
±J London. Established 1823.
The invested assets of this Society exceed five millions sterling ; its
annual income is four hundred and ninety-five thousand pounds.
Up to the 31st December, 1861, the Society had paid
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„ Bonus thereon - 1,115,298
Together - £5,444,676
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[8"» S. II. JULY 26, '62.
THE PIOUS EGBERT NELSON.
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LIFE AND TIMES OF ROBERT NELSON,
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" At a time when historic doubts, arc fashionable, and almost all
early records are treated as mythical, it is a comfort to find the process
occasionally reversed, and a well-known myth proved to be an historical
truth. This is what has been done with much zeal and ability in the
case of the nursery legend of ' Whittinstton and his Cat,' by the Rev.
Samuel Lysons."— Saturday Review, Feb. S3, 1861.
"Who docs not know the story of Whittington and his Cat? and
who will not be glad to learn that it is a true story, and not a mere
fable, invented for the amusement of children, as had been too hastily
assumed by several recent writers on the subject 1 Mr. Lysons has been
at the pains thoroughly to investigate the matter, and he has suc-
ceeded in establishing the main facts of Whittington's life beyond all
cavil from authentic documents ; at the same time he has placed the
episode of the cat in a light to satisfy favourable critics." — Gentleman's
Magazine, Jan. 1861.
" We feared that all the recollections connected with the pleasant
reading of our childhood were about to be destroyed, and all our trea-
sured memories to be sacrificed to some new form of the withering in-
fluence of modern historical scepticism. The Cat, we supposed, would
be the first victim. Nothing of the kind. The treat incident of the
Cat is made so probable by Mr Lysons's investigations, that it can no
longer be reasonably doubted."— Co/burn's A'ctcJlimMy Magazine.
London : HAMILTON, ADAMS, ft CO., 33, Paternoster Row.
PIESSE andLUBIN'S HUNGARY WATER,
Cooling, refreshing, invigorating. " I am not surprised to learn."
says Humboldt, " that orators, clergymen, lecturers, authors, and
poets give It the preference, for it refreshes the memory." Empha-
tically the scent for warm weather. A case of six bottles, 10*.;
tingle samples, 2t.
*, New Bond Street, W.
3rd S. II. JULY 26, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
61
LONDON, SATURDAY, JULY 26, 1862.
CONTENTS— N«. 80.
NOTES: — Clohir and Edmund Burke, 61 — Folk Lore of
Devonshire, 62 — A Romance of Real Life, Ib. — Sir Francis
Bacon's Fall, 63.
MINOR NOTES: — Bishop Simon Patrick— Disunion of the
American States anticipated Fifty Years Ago— Yorktown,
Virginia, and the Nelsons — A Fact for Geologists —
Walker's " Sufferings of the Clergy," 64
QUERIES : — The American Partridge — Anonymous "Works
— Bacon's Essays — James Biss, M.D. — Isaac Hawkins
Brown — Church Notes by a Monk of Roche Abbey —
Correct Armory — De 1'Isle or De Insula Family — " Dub-
lin and London Magazine" — Epigrams of Martial— Ec-
centricities of Modern Religionism— Sir Thomas Mede —
F. N.'s Rebellion Rewarded — Osgqod Family — Peerage of
1720 — Potter and Lumley Families — Quotations — Re-
surrection Hymn — Sydserff— Ancient Ships— Speke —
St. Paul's School— A Strange Story — The Bed of Ware—
Whitehead Family, 65.
QUERIES WITH ANSWERS: — Penny Post— Paddington:
Bread and Cheese Lands — Lord and Lady Henry Stuart
— Beelzebub's Letter : the Will of the Devil — Medalet of
Queen Anne — Medal of Admiral Vernon, 68.
EEPLIES : — Drewsteignton Cromlech, 70— Athenian Man-
sion, Ib. — Curious Characters in Gerard Legh, 71 — Dr.
Johnson on Punning, 72 — Covcrdale's Bible, Ib. — Mutila-
tion and Destruction of Sepulchral Monuments — Dr.
Nicholas Barbon and the Phosnix Fire Office — Did the
Romans wear Pockets ? — The Blanshards — Sir John
Strange — To cotton to— Customs in the Coun ty of Wexford
— Biddenden Maids — Literature of Lunatics — Soul-Food
— Th6roignede Mericourt — Jerusalem Whalley — Gossa-
mer — Tennyson: Camelot, &c., 74.
Notes on Books, &c.
CLOHIR AND EDMUND BURKE.
Dr. Napier, in the Lecture to which you lately
drew attention, tells us on the authority of Bishop
O'Beirne — as Prior, on the same authority, had
told us long since — that every explanation of
obscure points in the character of Edmund Burke
will redound to his honour. I heartily hope so ;
but why, then, denounce so fiercely all who ask
for explanations ?
One of the obscure points, referred to by your
correspondent, related to the title of the Burkes
to the little property of Clohir or Clogher. The
question was not first raised by your correspon-
dent ; not raised after Burke's death ; not when,
as Dr. Napier tells us, Burke was " bearded and
bullied " by " a faction " led on by Charles Fox ;
but as early at least as 1773, when he was fore-
most man in the opposition ; not by an English
Whig, but by an Irish Tory, afterwards M.P. —
the doctor should remember these distinctions —
and it was revived years after by another Irish-
man, General Sir. G. Cockburn, whose explanation
was seriously damaging to Burke's character.
It is not necessary to quote in e.xtenso the state-
ment of Sir G. Cockburn, as it was given by your
correspondent (ante, 3rd S. i. 161). In substance
it amounts to this — that to elude the persecuting
rigor of the penal laws, a Roman Catholic family
made over their estate in trust to Garret Burke ;
that Garret Burke, availing himself of their con-
fidence, claimed and held the estate as his own,
and bequeathed it to his brother Edmund ; and
he gives the names of the solicitor who was em-
ployed to recover it from Edmund, and who,
finding the rigid letter of the law against the
claim, appealed to Edmund's humanity, but with-
out success.
Dr. Napier thus explains the matter from, as
we understand, the Records in the Court of Ex-
chequer : —
" Clogher," he says, " had been leased by Lord Done-
raile to Edmund" and Edward Nagle, for a term of thirty -
one j'ears, ending about the 1st of May, 1762. He
further demised the same lands to Charles Butler, a Pro-
testant, for the term of 999 years, to commence from the
1st of May, 1762. The Nagles were Roman Catholics,
and as the law then stood, they could not acquire a
greater interest than for 31 years. Before the month of
July, 1757, John Reade took the usual proceeding of
what was called a Protestant discoverer, by filing a bill
in the Equity Exchequer, in which he stated the making
the lease to" Butler, and that Butler had executed a de-
claration of trust to Edward and Edmund Nagle. A
decree was made in favour of Reade, who then became
entitled to the leasehold interest. It is, however, more
than probable, that all this was contrivance the more
effectively to evade the operation of the odious and op-
pressive laws ; that Reade was a friendly party, and was
put forward in order to prevent any selfish member of
the family, under the title of his conformity to Protes-
tantism, from proceeding to appropriate the whole of the
property, in which he could in justice have but a limited
interest. In the leasehold, each of the next of kin might
have a distributive share. The Nagle family had applied
to Garret Burke to become the leaseholder, and on their
solicitation, and on an arrangement with them, he con-
sented. It is likely that in this way, Reade's name had
been used as a formal plaintiff, for on the 2nd July, 1757,
Reade conveyed all the interest he acquired under the
decree to Garret Burke."
The Doctor continues to argue after this
fashion through many pages, and to illustrate
with speculations about friendly suits and formal
plaintiffs, presumed solicitations, and imagined
engagements, all, as it appears to me, tending to
prove the truth of General Cockburn's statement,
that Garret Burke held the property in trust;
that all the forms of transfer from Butler to
Reade, from Reade to Garret Burke, were " con-
trivances ... to evade the operation of the odious
and oppressive laws," and therefore that Garret
could only have bequeathed it to Edmund, and
Edmund could only have retained it, in continua-
tion of the trust. So far, then, as relates to the
title of the Burkes, the General and the Doctor
do not differ ; the one briefly asserting what the
other elaborately proves by argument and by
facts from the Records. But here they separate,
and here arises the moral issue. The General
tells ITS, that though the Burkes held this pro-
perty in trust, they appropriated it to their own
use, which the Doctor denies and denounces with
unbecoming violence, and assumes " some family
62
NOTES AND QUERIES.
S. IL JULY 26, '62.
arrangement," " whatever it was " ! which the
Burkes have never been shown to have " de-
parted from." Now, considering the ignorance
of the General — the ignorance of the public, in-
cluding the Doctor, of this "whatever it was"
agreement, how could it be shown ? Inferentially,
indeed, a light is thrown on the subject by a pas-
sage which, strange to say, appears, not in the
Lecture, but in an Appendix ! —
" As to the Clogher property, I have with the help of
Sir Bernard Burke, ascertained that on the 1st July, 1790,
it waa conveyed by Edmund Burke to Edmund Nagle,
who paid him 3000/. for it, and afterwards sold it for
more. It is now obvious that Garret Burke had ad-
vanced this amount when he got the title. The old
method of lease and loan is familiar to Irish lawyers.
The bill of discovery and decree was used to secure his
title at the time. The property had originally belonged
to the Nagles, but they had parted with it for value to
Lord Doneraile. At the time of the making of the lease
for 999 years, Lord Doneraile was owner in lee."
What, because Edmund sold the property for
3,000/., is it therefore " obvious " that his brother
had given 3,OOOJ. for it ? " obvious " that, because
he sold it, his brother must have bought it ? Dr
Napier has shown by many pages of argument,
illustration, and fact, that, Garret Burke held the
Clohir property in trust ; and does he mean that
" the old method of lease and loan," or any other
method, enabled a man, with honour, to convert
property whioh he held in trust, to his own use ?
The only thing " obvious " to me is, that if the
note in the Appendix be true, it confirms the
statement of General Cockburn, and that the
Doctor, the moment he received the information,
ought to have suppressed the Lecture.
What better success he has had with the Bea-
consfield purchase, I will consider hereafter.
J. R. T.
FOLK LORE OF DEVONSHIRE.
A farmer's widow has just told me the following
scraps of folk lore applicable to Midsummer : —
1. If you sit in the church-porch about mid-
night on Midsummer Eve, you will see everybody
in the parish pass into church. Those who come
out again will live, but those who do not come out
will die before the year is over.
2. On Midsummer Day pluck a rose ; fold it up
in paper, and put it by till Christmas Day. On
that day wear it at church ; and, presuming you
to be a woman, the man who comes and takes it
from you will be your husband.
3. To try your fortune, the following experi-
ment is made on Midsummer Eve at midnight : —
An empty room in the house is selected, round
the sides of this room on the floor, various objects
are placed — a turf, a basin of water, a ring, and
some others. Having been led into this room
blindfold, and left to yourself, you walk at hazard,
or creep on all fours. If you go to the turf, you
will die before the year is out ; if to the basin of
water, you will be drowned ; if to the ring, you
will be married, and so on.
4. Retiring to bed on Midsummer Eve, when
you take your shoes off, place them in the form of
a letter T, and repeat these lines —
" I place my shoes like a letter T
In hopes my true love I shall see,
In his apparel and his array,
As he is now and every day."
Then change the shoes, so as to make the down
stroke with the one that was the top stroke before,
and repeat the lines again. Reverse them, and
say the lines for the third time. Having written
a letter of the alphabet on so many little pieces of
paper, throw them all into a basin of water with
their faces downwards, and place the basin under
the bed. Then go to bed, but be sure not to
speak after having repeated the above lines, or
the charm will be broken, though friends in the
room do all they can by asking questions. In the
morning examine the basin. If any of the letters
have turned over, face upwards, they will indicate
the name of your future husband.
5. Having dug some ground in the garden, take
hempseed, and walking round the bed at mid-
night on Midsummer Ever, sow the seed whilst
repeating the following lines : —
" Hempseed I set, hempseed I sow,
lie who will be my true love,
Come after me and mow."
The old woman who told this, said slie waa
afterwards walking in a hay-field, when one of the
mowers cut the grass so close behind her, she was
afraid he would have cut her legs. Of course that
was the man she married. She didn't say she
didn't walk before him though.
6. On raking out the fire on Midsummer Eve,
sift the ashes fine, and leave them in a heap on
the hearth. Examine them the next morning,
and if any object is represented on them, your
future fortune will be foretold thereby. The
person who related this said her mother tried it
when young, and she saw in the ashes the repre-
sentation of a waggon, waggoner, and team of
horses. And sure enough it told true, for she
afterwards married one of the waggoners of the
late Lord Rolle of Bicton, Devon. — All the above
experiments were made by women.
P. HCTCHINSON.
A ROMANCE OF REAL LIFE.
Will you allow me to invite the attention of
your readers, or, at least, those among them who
are interested in genealogical questions, to a story
which went the round of the papers under the
S. II. JULY 26, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
63
above heading about twenty years ago? * The
"romance" was, briefly stated, as follows :-—
The Hon. Francis North, son of Francis, the
second Lord Guilfbrd, married in the year 1728,
Lucy Montagu, daughter of George, Earl of Hali-
fax, by whom he had a son Frederick, and a
daughter. On the death of his father in 1729, Mr.
North succeeded to the barony of Guilford, and
the earldom was conferred on him in 1752.
His son Frederick is well known to the readers
of history as the Prime Minister of George III.
But his daughter's story is involved in obscurity
and mystery.
Both, it is stated, were consigned to the care of
the same foster-mother in their infancy ; but
while the son was subsequently taken charge of
by his father, the daughter seems to have been
entrusted to her mother's relatives, then resident
in or near Grosvenor Square. At twelve or
fourteen years of age she was removed to Bushy
House, then the residence of the Earl of Halifax
and his sisters, by whom the education of the
young lady was carefully superintended.
At that time (about the year 1748) the Earl of
Halifax held office in the Admiralty, and was fre-
quently waited on by a Mr. Brett, who, it seems,
was in some way introduced to the lady, his relative.
An intimacy was speedily formed between them,
which it was found expedient to check, and the lady
was in consequence sent to Preston, Lancashire, to
the house of a Mr. Astley, then the mayor of the
town, for the purpose of breaking off the acquaint-
ance. While here, she was assured that Mr. Brett,
supposing she had gone to France, had set out
in pursuit of her, and, in returning, had been
drowned between Dover and Calais. The story
was an invention. Distressed at tho intelligence,
the young lady immediately went back to London,
and sought out her foster-mother, to whom she
communicated her grief, and her indignation at
the treatment she had experienced at the hands of
her family. She added that she would never see
them again, but that she would accept the hand of
the first man who would offer himself, if he were
at all eligible.
At that time there was living with the foster-
mother a nephew, a young man of respectable
origin and parentage, who was in the metropolis,
with ,a view to improvement in business. The
foster-mother communicated to him the declara-
tion of the lady. He thereupon made her an
offer of marriage ; she accepted him, and they
were married within three days at Keith's Chapel,
May Fair ! Neither of them was eighteen yejars
of age — their ages united did not number thirty-
five. After a short stay in London, the young
pair removed to Preston where they settled ; but
ever after the wife was ignored and repudiated by
* Preston Chronicle, Sept. 1842.
•.he relatives who had deceived her in the first in-
stance.
Mr. Brett, the lover of the Lady North, became
member for Sandwich, and was one of the Lords
of the Admiralty during the existence of the coali-
tion ministry of Lord North and Mr. Fox. He
died unmarried.
Such is the substance of the story which ap-
peared in the newspapers in the year 1842.
My purpose in inviting attention to it is to ask
if any of your readers, who may have in their pos-
session peerages or genealogical memoranda dat-
ing from 1734 to 1750, would oblige by referring
to them to ascertain whether any and what mention
is made in them of a daughter of Francis, the
third Lord Guilford, by his first wife, nee Lady
Lucy Montagu ?
In Debrett (ed. 1840) no such person is men-
tioned.
In Collins (ed. 1756) " a daughter Lucy, who
died an infant" is mentioned.
In the Gentleman's Magazine for April, 1734,
occurs the following announcement : —
"The lady of the Lord Guilford of a daughter."
In the same Magazine for May, 1734, among the
deaths, appears this entry i —
" May 7, 1734. The lady of the Lord Guilford, and
daughter of the Earl of Halifax."
But I cannot find — indeed I can positively
affirm — that there is no entry of the decease of
the daughter of Lord Guilford (born in 1734) in
any number, early or late, of the Gentleman's
Magazine.
If there be any other authorities than those here
referred to, which any of your readers will turn
to, they will oblige JATTEE.
SIR FRANCIS BACON'S FALL.
The various articles touching puns that have
appeared in your columns, do not seem to have
determined when punning versification first came
into fashion. The following, which I met with in
MS. in a contemporaneous hand, and which I do
not remember to have seen in print, is a good spe-
cimen of its kind ; and revels in play upon words
almost as plentifully as may be found in any
modern burlesque or extravaganza. Is there any
way to gain a clue to the author ?
" A Ballad upon the Removing of S>- Francis Bacon from
the Office of L<1 Chancellor.
'« Great Verulam is very lame, the goute of go -out feeling,
He humbly bcggs the crutch of state, wth falling sick-
lies reeling;
Diseased, displeased, greives sore to see that state by
fate shold perish,
Unhappy that no hap can cure, nor high protection
cherish.
64
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. JOLT 2G, '62.
Yet cannot I but mcrvaile much at this in comon reason
That Bacon should neglected be when it is most in
season.
Perhaps the game of Bucke hath vilified the Bore,
Or else hi* crescents arc in warr, and he cann hunt no
more.
Be it what it will, the Relative your Antecedent moving
Declines a case accusative, the dative too much lovinge.
Young this greife will make the old, for care wth youth
ill matches ;
Sorrow makes Mutts muse, that Hatchers under hatches
Bushell wants by halfe a pecke the measure of such
teares,
Because his Lord's posteriors make the buttons y* he
wearea.
Though Edney be casheired, greif moves him to com
passion,
To thinke how suddaiuely is lurn'd the wlieele of his
ambition.
Had Butler lived, he'ad vest and greired this dismall
day to see,
The Hogshead y' so late was brocht to run so ne«re
the [lee].
Fletcher may goe feather bolts for such as quickly
shout them;
Now Cockin's combe is nearly cult, a man may soone
confute him.
The Red rose house lamenteth much, y* this unhappy
day
Shold bring this fall of leafe in Marcbe before ye spring
in May.
Albones much condoles ye losse of this great Viscount's
charter,
Who suffering for his conscience' sake, is turned Fran-
ciscan Martire,"
ITHURIEL.
fiftirurr £otr4.
BISHOP SIMON PATRICK. — An unpublished ma-
nuscript of the celebrated Simon Patrick, formerly
Lord Bishop of Ely, has recently been discovered
by Mr. J. D. Denman, B.C.L., of St. John's Col-
lege, Cambridge, and has been purchased by the
Dean and Chapter of that ancient See, for the
library attached to the magnificent cathedral. Its
date is 1674. D.
DISUNION OF THE AMERICAN STATES ANTICI-
PATED FIFTY YEARS AGO. — Mr. R. Dinmore, who
wrote from Washington, was a frequent contri-
butor to the Monthly Magazine. In a letter which
appeared in that periodical, under date Jan. 1,
1811, he says, —
" Now that my pen is in hand, I will remark that the
observations of an annual reviewer, distinguished for the
correctness of his judgment on most subjects, are often
extremely erroneous when applied to the United States.
" As I have not the volumes of the Annual Review at
hand, I shall content myself with observing on one train
of thought which seems to hau'ut its editor. Mr. Aikin
dwells perpetually on the dissolution of our general go-
vernment and the separation of the States as an event
not barely probable but unavoidable. And this opinion
he derives from the impossibility of legislating by uniform
law for the hardy freeman of the East, the voluptuous
slave-holder of the South, and the daring subjugator of
the western wilderness.
"These are truths," continues the writer, "I shall not
attempt to controvert." Nevertheless Mr. Dinmore finishes
his letter by an attempt to controvert them, but admits
that the business of the government is simply to regulate
the exterior concerns of the United States. He then says,
" The Charter of the United States Bank will expire on
March 3, 1811, and a report upon the subject is already
submitted to Congress. The report advises to increase
the capital of the bank, so as to admit the different States
to become subscribers to it in their sovereign capacity;
thus the}' will become interested in the continuance of
our Federal Constitution. But there are other hoops
at our command by which we may bind our political
barrel."
Could Mr. Dinmore have lived to the present
time, I think he would admit that a new cooper
was required at Washington.
SEPTIMUS PIESSE.
Chiswick.
YORKTOWN, VIRGINIA, AND THE NELSONS.—
It may be desirable to secure a niche in " N. & Q."
for the following scrap, cut from the Times, July 1.
It is from a letter of the American Correspondent
of that journal, dated Yorktown, Juno 13 : —
" The most stately building of Yorktown belonged to
the Nelson family. It is a substantial good old brick
house, which looks yet comfortable, old as it is. On one
side you still see many traces of gunshots from the first
siege. One of the shots passed through the wall, and
went through several rooms full of people without hurting
one of them.
" Strolling around the wooden church, some grave-
stones indicated that there was a churchyard. It looked
desolate and wretched. Some of the crosses were torn
down, the graves levelled, and waggons and carts going
over them. If you can find nothing else to tell you the
history of a place, the churchyard will give you at least
some glimpses of the past, and I began to read the in-
scriptions on the few graves which had not been de-
molished. The oldest I saw was that of Thomas Nelson :
' ' Generosi filius Hugonis et Sarite Nelson de Penrith,
in comitatu Cumbriae, natus 20mo die Feb. A.D. 1677.'
" He died in 1745. His tombstone is headed by his
arms, bearing a bar and three lilies. A few paces from
this grave is the tomb of another Nelson : —
« • Hon. William Nelson, Esq., late President of His
Majesty's Council in this dominion, in whom the love of
man and the love of God so restrained and enforced each
other, and .so invigorated the mental power in general, as
not only to defend him from the vices and follies of his
age and country, but also to render it a matter of difficult
decision in what part of laudable conduct he most ex-
celled, whether in tender or endearing accomplishments
of domestic life, or in the more arduous duties of a wider
circuit; whether as a neighbour, a gentleman, or a
magistrate ; whether in the graces of hospitality or piety,
deader, if you feel the spirit of that exalted ardour which,
aspiring to the felicity of conscious virtue, animated that
. . relating . . . ine admonitions, perform the task and
respect the distinction of the righteous man. Ob. 19th
Nov., An. Dom. 1772, ^E tat is 01.'
u On another gravestone I found, —
" ' Here lieth interred the body of Mary Sansum, who
eparted life the 23d of Oct., 1786, aged 23 years.'
"And on another, —
" ' Here Ireth the body of Jane Frank, the daughter of
3rd S. II. JULY 26, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
65
Mr. \Vm. Eouth, of Kirklington, in Yorkshire. She died
on her passage at sea April 26, and was interred May 28,
1753, aged 28 years."
A FACT FOR GEOLOGISTS. — A large block of
rock, exceedingly hard, covered over with minor
swellings, or bulgings, of a dark-brown colour,
and smooth surface, of the calculated weight of
four or five tons, has been recently found in
marl, on the S.W. outskirts of the city of Win-
chester, about 2 feet 6 inches beneath the surface,
in digging for the foundation of a new house.
The huge stranger is quite alien to this locality,
which abounds in chalk.
It has the appearance of having been disrup-
tured from some kindred bed of rock, as it mani-
festly has a base 5 feet 3 inches by 4 feet 5 ex-
treme, from which it shapes off all round to a blunt
ridge. So placed, it stands 4 feet high, while its
circumference is about 13 feet. It lay, it seems,
on its side, and the bed in which the monster
lay presented a perfect cast of the same, and
looked like brown plaster, so that when the rock
settled in the same, it must have been in a moist
pliant state. What mighty process or convulsion
of nature, countless ages ago, could thus have
rent this rock from its kindred bed, and banished
it to this its distant resting-place ? or rolled it up
the vale of the Itchen ?
Fortunately it has fallen into the hands of a
gentleman (one of the Masters of the College),
who will preserve it. A. V. W.
WALKEE'S "SUFFERINGS OF THE CLERGY." — It
might be useful to supplement Walker's Attempt
by notices of evidence referring to the subject.
To begin with, I would mention an interesting
account of the Rev. Stephen Nettles, minister of
Lexden, given in Gent.'s Mag. (New Series), xlvi.
500 (Oct. 1856). Walker says he "was unable to
learn the particulars of his ill-usage." C. J. R.
THE AMERICAN PARTRIDGE. — Cobbett in his
Rural Rides, p. 128, writes —
" I am very happy to hear that that beautiful little
bird the American Partridge has been introduced with
success to this neighbourhood, by Mr. Leech at Lea (in
Wiltshire). I am told that they have been heard whist-
ling this summer (1822). They are a beautiful little par-
tridge, and extremely interesting in all their manners."
Will any of your Wiltshire readers please inform
me, through your medium, if this interesting par-
tridge is found in numbers in that or the adjoin-
ing counties, and is it preserved, or included in
the list of game birds, or left to breed as other
birds, and charm by their whistling ?
FRA. MEWBURN.
Larchfield, Darlington.
ANONYMOUS WORKS. — Can any reader name
the authors of the following ? —
1. Poems: Odes and Elegies. Glasgow: Chap-
man, 1810. The author must at this time have
been an old man, for I identify him as a writer of
poetry in Ruddiman's Magazine as far back as
1773, when he signed himself " M., Carse of
Gowrie."
2. Fugitive Pieces, written during a Residence
in Foreign Parts, 8vo, pp. 82. This is all the
title. On the back : —
" A few copies of the following pieces are printed at
the desire of two or three friends. If they should happen
to fall into the hands of any one to whom they •will not
afford any amusement, it is at least hoped they will not
furnish any cause of disgust. "
The first half of the volume is " A Journal " of a
run through Portugal, commencing June 5, 1787 ;
the remainder is poetical. The author speaks
of his pupils, and his happy days at St. John's
College.
3. Poems, consisting of Tales, Fables, Epigrams,
Sfc., by Nobody. A lively volume. 12mo. London,
and T. Saint, Newcastle, 1770. A. G.
BACON'S ESSAYS. — In his Essay " Of Envy,"
Bacon says, " There is no other cure of Envy but
the cure of Witchcraft ; and that is, to remove the
Lot, as they call it, and to lay it upon another."
Again, in the Essays " Of Wisedome for a Man's
selfe," "It is the Wisedome of Crocodiles, that
shed tears, when they would devoure."
Can any of your readers supply me with illus-
trations of these two passages? I have been
unable at present to trace the practice referred to
in the former. W. A. WEIGHT.
Cambridge.
JAMES Biss, M.D. — I should be glad of inform-
ation respecting this physician ; who was, I believe,
a benefactor to Wadham and All Souls' Colleges,
Oxford. He was born about 1670, and was a
member of the former Society. C. J. R.
ISAAC HAWKINS BBOWN. — In The Letters of
Peter Plymley, I find the following foot-note : —
" In the third year of his present Majesty, and in
the thirtieth of his own age, Mr. Isaac Hawkins Brown,
then upon his travels, danced one evening at the Court
of Naples. His dress was a volcano silk with lava but-
tons. Whether (as the Neapolitan wits said) be had
studied dancing under St. Vitus, or whether David,
dancing in a linen vest, was his model, is not known ;
but Mr. Brown danced with such inconceivable alacrity
and vigour, that he threw the Queen of Naples into con-
vnlsions of laughter, which terminated in a miscarriage,
and changed the dynasty of the Neapolitan throne."
Is there any foundation for this statement ? If
so, what ? T. LAMPRAT.
18, Clement's Tnn.
CHURCH NOTES BY A MONK OF ROCHE ABBEY.
Can any of the readers of " N. & Q." point out
66
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. JULY 2G, '62.
the resting place of a very curious volume of
Church Notes, said to be compiled by a monk of
Roche Abbey ? It was in the possession of a Mr.
Edward Canby, of Thome, Yorkshire, in 1720,
when the Rev. Ab. De La Pryme, F.R.S., made a
partial manuscript of its contents. He mentions
that it was bound up with other MS. matter. It
may assist to mention that Mr. Mordecai Cults, of
Thome, was Mr. Canby's grandson, and died 1787.
HENRY MOODY.
CORRECT ARMORY. — Can any of your heraldic
correspondents inform me whether a coat is cor-
rect armory which lias the field and chief "or"
and " argent," i. e. metal on metal ? Or, whether
there is such a charge as " parti per chief."
Leigh's Accidence of Armorie, date 1612, p. 180,
gives an instance in which this must often occur :
that of a daughter who is heiress to her mother
(also an heiress), and not to her father ; to whom
he assigns her maternal coat, with the arms of her
father on chief. Burke would put the father's
arms on a canton ; but in either case metal on
metal, or colour on colour, would often occur.
ELPMETI.
DE L'ISLK OR DE INSULA FAMILY. — What is
the most authentic sources of information to trace
the branches of the family of De Insula or De
1'Isle, or Warren de 1'Isle? Some English fami-
lies are named as being descended from Warren
(Earl Warrenne, the Conqueror's brother-in-law),
others from Bryan de 1'Isle, who had lands at
Bryanstone, Dorset ; others from Win. de 1'Isle.
Any information respecting these families or
branches will be thankfully accepted ? Also, as
to the point whether the Lisles of Upway, several
of whom bore the name of Warren, were of any
branch of the De Insula family ? C.
"DUBLIN AND LONDON MAGAZINE." — Who was
the editor of this magazine (4 vols. 8vo, London,
1825—1828)? ABIIBA.
EPIGRAMS OP MARTIAL. — In 1773 there was
published, by Wilkie, a farrago entitled Epigrams
of Martial, §*c., with Mottos from Horace, Sfc.,
translated, imitated, and addressed to the Nobility,
Clergy, and Gentry ; with Notes, Moral, Historical,
Explanatory, and Humorous; by the Rev. Mr. Scott,
M.A., late of Trinity College, Cambridge. Dedi-
cated to Garrick, Column, and Foote. This at first
sight would seem to be a production of the Rev.
James Scott ; but looking to the contents, may it
not be satirical upon Anti-Sejanus alias Old Sly-
loots f I have another copy, without Scott's
name, with a title better befitting the work : —
" The Wit's Miscellany ; or a Companion for the Choice
Spirits. Consisting of a great Variety of odd and un-
common Epigrams, Facetious Drolleries, Whimsical Mot-
tos, Merry Tales, Fables, &c. All calculated for the
Entertainment and Diversion of Good Company, ami to
pass « Winter Evening in Mirth and Good llumour.
London: Printed for the Author, and sold to anybody
that will buy it," &c., 1774.
Is this a re-issue P Or is it the title of some
other book, which a former proprietor may have
substituted as the more appropriate ? On the
paper cover of the first is written " Mr. Garrick";
and on the fly-leaf, "Ex dono Auctoris — Mnjor
Old-Fox, Dec. 31, 1772." J. O.
ECCENTRICITIES OP MODERN RELIGIONISM. —
In the concluding paragraph of an article on "The
O-Christians " just published (July 5) in The Sa-
turday Review, the writer observes : —
"Considering that Dr. Cumming is a recognised
preacher, and is accredited by The Times, and that Mr.
Congreve not long since inaugurated a temple for M.
Comte's worship at Wandsworth, and that Johanna
Southcote is a fact of recent history, and that the Quar-
terly Review has adopted the Irish Revivals, and that
hundreds, perhaps thousands, of English Christians have
accepted the Book of Mormon and the religion of Joe
Smith, and that some forty or fifty years ago Mr. Tay-
lor, the Platonist, sacrificed a ram to Jupiter in bis back
parlour at Walworth, we should not be at all surprised
if Mr. Mann, the Registrar, had to chronicle in the next
census of English sects the ' O-Christian ' as an actual
working religion. It is not the only, if the strangest,
Neo-Christianity which we owe to this nineteenth cen-
tury."
I shall be glad to get some detailed information
about the "temple" for the Positive Philosophers *
at Wandsworth ? I would also ask, what authority
is there for the story about Taylor the Platonist ?
The article referred to is a review of a most ex-
traordinary work entitled —
" Miranda. A Book divided into Three Parts, entitled
Souls, Numbers, Stars; on the Neo-Christian Religion.
With Confirmations of the Old and New Doctrines of
Christ, from Wonders hitherto unheeded in the Words
and Divisions of the Bible ; of the Facts and Dates of
History ; and in the Position and Motions of the Celestial
Bodies. Vol. I. containing Parts i. and n. Printed and
published by James Morgan, 48, Upper Marylebone
Street, London."
ElRlONNACH.
SIR THOMAS MEDE. — There is in the north aisle
of the Chancel of St. Mary, Redcliffe church,
Bristol, a large tomb to the memory of Sir
Thomas Mede and his brother Philip, the former
of whom was bailiff of Bristol in 1438, and sheriff
in 1452, and had a residence in the parish of
Wraxall, in the county of Somerset. Can any of
the readers of " N. & Q." give me any account of
the descendants of either of these gentlemen, and
who at present is their representative ? J. T.
F. N.'s REBELLION REWARDED. — I have in my
possession a small quarto manuscript, entitled,
" Rebellion rewarded, being an account of the affairs in
Ireland after the Restoration of King Charles 2nd in
1GCO."
It is in the form of a letter, containing thirty
* See a review of a curious pamphlet on "Religious Posi-
tivism " in The Saturday litvicu; July 20, 1857, vol. iii.
p. 567.
3rd S. II. JULY 26, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
67
closely-written pages, and signed at the end
F. N.
Can a^y of your correspondents give me in-
formation regarding it, whether it has ever been
published, and who the writer F. N. may have
been ? THOS. E. WINNINGTON.
Stanford Court, Worcester.
OSGOOD FAMILY. — Can any of your numerous
readers give me information of the family of
Osgood ? There are very few of the name in
England at present, but the descendants of Chris-
topher and John Osgood are numerous in the
United States.
At the time of Domesday survey, the Osgots
and Osgods were found in nearly half the coun-
ties of England. In more modern times, the
Osgoods were chiefly settled in Hants and Wilts.
I have a pedigree of one branch of the family,
settled at Maryborough, Wilts, and commencing
about 1600, in which occurs the name of Christo-
pher ; but I am not prepared to say if he is the
same as the one previously referred to, who was
admitted freeman by the General Court of Massa-
chusetts, May 6, 1635 ; and who settled at Ipswich,
in New England, shortly after. John Osgood is
said to have emigrated from Andover, Hants, and
to have been born July 23, 1595. He was ad-
mitted freeman by the Massachusetts' General
Court, May 22, 1639 ; and settled at Andover,
Massachusetts, in or before 1645.
Another John Osgood, of Low Leighton, Essex,
and of Whitehart Court, Gracechurch, leased
ground in Plough Court, Lombard Street, in 1669,
and built Nos. 2 and 3. His estates descended by
marriage to the Hanburys.
John Osgood, of Andover, Massachusetts,
brought with him from England the arms of his
family as follows, worked in tapestry or worsted :
Or, three garbs ; the crest the same as given be-
low. Berry's Encyclopaedia states the arms of
Osgood of London to be : Argent, three garbs
within a double tressure, flory and eounterflory,
gules. Crest. A demi-lion rampant proper, sup-
porting a garb, gules. Probably the first are the
original arms. O.
PEERAGE OF 1720. — Who was the compiler of a
Peerage (small 24mo demy, with plates of the
arms, &c.) of this date ? And is there any earlier
edition ? UUYTE.
Capetown, S.A.
POTTEE AND LuMLEY FAMILIES. Archbishop
Potter related to a family named Lumley of Carl-
ton-Miniot, near Thirsk. What was the connec-
tion, and of what family were the Lumleys? Any
particulars respecting them will oblige ?
ELPMETI.
QUOTATIONS. — Will any correspondent kindly
state the writer of the following lines, and in what
work they may be found ?
" For wounds like these Christ is the only cure !
Go, speak thou to them of the world to come,
Where friends shall meet and know each other's face ;
Say less than this, and say it to the winds."
II.
Where are the following lines to be found ?
"See in Beren's (?) pool reflected
Wave the cattle's graceful shapes ;
And Murillo's soft boy-faces
Shine amid the sunny grapes."
S. O. M.
Cork.
RESURRECTION HYMN. — Can any reader of
" N. & Q." acquainted with the various editions
of Tate and Brady's Version of the Psalms, kindly
state at what period the hymn commencing "Jesus
Christ is risen to-day " was appended, and (if
known) who composed it ?
In the seventh edition of A Supplement to the
New Version of Psalms, by Dr. Brady and Mr.
Tate, 1712, this hymn does not appear, so that it
must have been added in some subsequent edition.
DANIEL SEDGWICK.
Sun Street, City.
SYDSERFF. — In the Commissariat of Edinburgh,
there are the following entries : —
" 1631. May 4. William Sydserff of Ruchlaw, par. of
Stentoun, Haddington."
1670. May 19. Sir Archibald Sydserff, Mer. bur. of
The above surname, being very uncommon, I
should be glad to have an explanation of its
origin. In the above registers are many other
curious names, with their evident variations, as
" Hangitside" for the present Handaside, or Han-
disyde, and others, in which the letters g and z
are used apparently indifferently. SPAL.
ANCIENT SHIPS. — In the Rotuli Normannice,
5 Henry V., 1417, are mentioned the names of
nearly every kind of ship then in use. Among
others, Helebotes, Farecosts, Coggeships, Balin-
geres, and Collets. Information is requested re-
garding the form and other particulars of these
vessels, and the derivation of the names.
DESDICHADO.
SPEKE. — What is the origin of the word speke,
which is attached to the names of various places
in England, ex. gr. Bamford Speke ? It is also
given to one very ancient locality in Lancashire,
without any prefix. T.
ST. PAUL'S SCHOOL. — The scholars of St Paul's
School acted, in 1770, Abradates and Panthea, a
play. Are the names of the actors given in any
of the newspapers or magazines of the day ? Is
this the last occasion of a play acted at St. Paul's
School ? ZETA.
A STRANGE STORY. — The following was told
me the other day. Can any of your readers vouch
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"« S. II. JOLT 26, '62.
for the correctness, and let me know when it oc-
curred P
During the assizes at Exeter (?) Judge Bol-
land presided at a trial for murder. The evidence
left no doubt as to the guilt of the man in the
dock. To the astonishment of everybody the
jury acquitted him. That night the judge was
dining alone ; a man who wished to see him was
admitted. "I am going to tell you something
which I wish you not to reveal for three days."
The judge agreed to this. " Well, sir," he con-
tinued, " I am the man who committed the mur-
der. It was not the man who was tried this
morning. I was foreman of the jury, and from
knowing all the circumstances of the case, I
pointed out to the jury various discrepancies in
the evidence, and got them to bring in a verdict
of not guilty. Tomorrow I leave for America,
but make this confession to you in case anybody
else should be charged with the murder." He
was not heard of again. P. E. A.
THE BED or WAHE. — In vol. y. of the 1" S. of
" N. & Q." p. 128, there is an inquiry as to the
history of this celebrated bedstead, to which the
mere allusion of Shakspeare has given immor-
tality. The reply (p. 213) refers the querist to
an engraving which Mr. Knight, in his edition of
the Twelfth Night, has offered, as better than any
" description." But still the original query re-
mains unanswered : What is the history of this
relic? When and for whom was it made ? Why
of such huge dimensions? and whence did it de-
scend into its present depository, the Crown and
Bull Inn, at Ware. J. E. T.
WHITEHEAD FAMILY. — Will any of the readers
" N. & Q." be pleased to say, is " Whitehead "
Saxon or Norman ? " Pengwyn " is the Welsh,
and has Winne anything to do with it? Their
arms are 3 fleur de lys, which is said to have
originated in 481, with Clovis, after the battle of
Talbiac and his marriage with Clotilde.
I never found any of these people assume any
rank ; and imagine they originated at Bury, in
Lancashire.
In 1300 Nicholaus Whitehead, or Whyteheved,
was " manucaptor " of Gilbartus de Donale Citi-
zen, returned for York 28 Edw. I. ; and »
In 1302 Johannes Whyteheved, manucaptor of
Willielmus de Wanton, knight of the shire, re-
turned for Gloucester 30 Edw. I. ; and
Johannes Whyteheved, burgess, 'returned for
Truro, Parliament at Northampton, in 15 days of
St. Mich!., Oct. 13, 1 Edw. II.
Next I- find in an old poem, translated from the
Breton, that a chronicle of the drowning of the
" Kaer-is," in Armorica, in the fifth century, was
recited by Thomas Pen-venn, that is " Whitehead,"
a peasant of Tregunk, which induces me to think
the Whiteheads were ancient British, who went to
of
Armorica, and relumed perhaps with the Con-
queror, and so got the fleur de lys. T. W.
Ouertrrf imtl)
PENNY POST. — The penny postage system was
introduced, I believe, in 1840; but in a volume
of Slate Poems, published in 1697, and in which
the names of Milton, Prior, Lord Rochester, &C-,
appear as authors, I find a poem " On the late
Invention of the Penny Post by Mr. Dockwra."
Can you tell me if the system then introduced
was similar in every respect to that now in use ?
The poem concludes : —
44 Hail mighty Dockwra, son of Art !
With Flavio, Middleton, or Swart,
In the foremost ranks of Fame,
Thou shall fix. thy lasting Name:
Nor new Inventor's Fate thee hurt,
To be damned or beggar'd for't."
It is curious to find that a system, possessing
such manifest advantages in these days, should
have been tried and abandoned so much earlier.
The difficulties and expense attending the trans-
mission of mails, doubtless occasioned the cessa-
tion of the undertaking. R. TURNER.
[In The First Report of the Postmaster- General on the
Post Office, presented to Parliament in 1856, very full
and curious details will be found illustrative of the his-
tory of the Post Office. From this report, p. 11, we
learn that, M in 1683, a Penny Post for the conveyance of
letters and small parcels about London and its suburbs
waa set up by Robert Murray, an upholsterer, who
assigned the same to William Dockwra. This was de-
nounced by the ultra-Protestant party as a contrivance
of the Jesuits; and it was alleged that, if the bags were
examined, they would be found full of Popish Plots. . . .
Dockwra seems to have conducted his undertaking with
success for some years, till its profits excited the envy of
the Government, who seized it on the ground of its being
an infringement of the rights of the Crown ; though a
Pension of 200/. a-year was afterwards granted to Dockwra
by way of Compensation. This was the origin of the
London District Post, of which Dockwra was subse-
quently appointed Controller. ... In 1G98 Dockwra was
removed from the office on a charge of mismanagement."
The particulars of this charge will be found in the same
Report (pp. 12, 13,) where we are told that, in 1708, an
attempt was made by Mr. Povey to establish a Halfpenny
Post in opposition to the Official Penny Post ; but this
enterprise, like Dockwra's, was suppressed by law.]
PADDINGTON : BREAD AND CHEESE LANDS. —
" Sunday, 18 Dec. 1737. This day, according to annual
custom, bread and cheese were thrown from PadJington
steeple to the populace, agreeable to the will of two
women, who were relieved there with bread and cheese
when they were almost starved ; and Providence after-
wards favouring them, they left an estate in that parish
to continue the custom for ever on that day." — J^ondon
Magazine, Dec. 1737, p. 705.
" Mr. Lysons informs us, that ' Some lands said to have
been given by two maiden gentlewomen for the purpose
of distributing bread, cheese, and beer among the inhabi-
tants (of Paddington) on the Sunday before Christmas
Day, arc now let at 211. per annum. The bread was
3rd S. II. JULY 26, '62 ]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
69
formerly thrown from the church steeple to be scrambled
for, and part of it is still distributed in that way.' " —
Hughson'sXoncfon, §-c., 1809, vol. vi. p. 440.
" Among the parochial charities (of Paddington) the
anniversary festival of an Abbot of Westminster is thought
to explain 'the Bread and Cheese Lands;' and until
1838, in accordance with a bequest, bread and cheese
were thrown from the steeple of St. Mary's church, to be
scrambled for in the churchyard." — Timbs's Curiosities of
London, 1855, p. 563.
These " Bread and Cheese Lands " in Padding-
ton, which were worth 211 a-year when Lysons
wrote (sixty years ago), and v\ hen Paddington was
" contiguous to the metropolis," but " containing
many rural spots which appeared as retired as if
at a distance of many miles," are probably of suffi-
cient value now to provide bread and cheese to a
very considerable extent indeed ! It would be
interesting to know where these lands are situated ;
and in what manner the bread and cheese are now
distributed amongst " the populace." There is
nothing in Dugdale in connection with the West-
minster Abbey Lands in the parish, or in the ad-
joining hamlet of Kilburn, to bear out any such
hypothesis as that hinted at by Mr. Timbs.
S. H. H.
[The bread and cheese lands consist of three parcels:
1. A piece of arable land lying in the common field,
called Bayswater-field, containing 2£ acres. 2. Another
piece of land (formerly two) containing one acre, two
roods, and twenty-four perches, lying on the south-west
side of the Harrow road at Westbourne Green. 3. Ano-
ther piece of meadow or pasture land, lying near Black
Lion Lane, containing one acre or thereabouts. With
the rents of this land it was formerly the custom to pur-
chase bread and cheese, which, on the Sunday before
Christmas, were thrown down from the church among
the poor assembled in the churchyard. Latterly, a less
objectionable mode of distribution has been adopted:
bread and coals are now given by the minister and parish
officers to poor families inhabiting the parish, of whom a
list is made out annually for the churchwardens, stating
their residence and occupation, and the number of chil-
dren under ten years of age : and much care is taken in
selecting those to receive this gift who are most de-
serving. One or two four-pound loaves, and one or two
bushels of coals are given to each family, according to its
number. No distinction is made between parishioners
and unsettled resident poor, nor between such as do not
receive parochial relief. For a more extended account of
this bequest consult Win. Robins's Paddington : Past and
Present, pp. 62-64, and the Report of the Commissioners
concerning Charities, 1826.]
LORD AND LADY HENRY STUAET. — Cobbett, in
his delightful volume of Rural Bides, p. 73,
writes: —
"I could not pass by the Grange Park (Alexander
Baring's residence) without thinking of Lord and Lady
Henry Stuart, whose lives and deaths surpassed what we
read of in the most sentimental romances. Very few things
that I have met with in my life ever filled me with sorrow
equal to that which I felt at the death of this most virtu-
ous and most amiable pair."
Will you, or any of your readers, please refer
me to any work in which I shall find a memoir of
this " most virtuous and amiable pair " ? There
must have been something peculiar in their cha-
racters to call forth so enviable an eulogium from
the pen of Mr. Cobbett. But, I may observe,
whene he does indulge in praise, it is richly merited.
FEA. MEWBTJHN.
Larchfield, Darlington.
[This appears to be only an expression of personal
friendship towards an amiable couple. Cobbett met with
Lord Henry Stuart in America, and when he left that
country in 1800, presented his Lordship with "a small-
headed and sharp-nosed pointer, hair as fine as that of a
greyhound, little and short ears, very light in the body,
very long-legged, and swift as a good lurcher." (Rural
Rides, p. 275.) Lord Henry Stuart was the fifth son of
the Marquis of Bute, and married July 1, 1802, Gertrude-
Emelia Villiers, sole heiress of George Villiers, last Earl
of Grandison. Lord Henry died at VValdershare in Kent
on the llth August, 1809, and his lady on the 30th of
the same month at the Bull Inn on Shooter's Hill on her
way to town. They were both interred in the family vault
at Cardiff Castle.]
BEELZEBUB'S LETTER : THE WILL OF THB
DEVIL (3rd S. ii. 6.) — The curious tract of which
your correspondent J. M. gives an account re-
minds me of a little black-letter book which I
once saw at Bp. Cosin's Library, Durham. The
title was as follows : —
" C The Wyll of the Devyll, with his x detestable
Commaundementes ; directed to his obedient and accursed
Chyldren, and the Rewarde promised to all suche as obe-
diently will endeuer themselues to fulfill them. Verye
necessarie to be read and well considered of all Chris-
tians.
" G Imprinted at London by Richarde Johnes."
The copy I saw was apparently incomplete, and
terminated thus : —
" <E Written to our faithfull Secretaryes Hobgoblin
Rawhed and Bloodybone; in the spitefull audience of
all the court of Hell. Teste meipso.
" C The . . ."
An extract will give your readers some idea
of the style in which it is written : —
"Item: I geue to everyche of the cheefest men of
Lawe, a Moyle, to bringe hym to Hell, and two right
handes to helpe himselfe withall, to take money of bothe
parties : And to euery of these Pety bouget me of law and
Tearmers, a couple of Geldynges for hym and his man to
ryde up & downe, & a Bouget to put their Sup penas in,
to cracke the poore men withall in the cuntrey."
Is the author of this quaint production known,
or the circumstances unde'r which it was brought
out? I suppose the date was about 1590.
C. J. K.
[Forty copies of this very rare work were reprinted at
Edinburgh about the year 1825, to which the Editor has
prefixed the following " Notice" :— " Although the Devil's
Will has been assigned to George Gascoigne, the claim
put in for him rests on rather a slight foundation. It is
said ' that a copy appears to have been in the library of
the Hon. Topham Beauclerk. See Paterson's Catal.
Bibl. Beauclerk, 1781, Part I. No. 4137, where it is as-
cribed to George Gascoigne.' (See Gascoigne's Princely
Pleasures, &c. ed. 1821, Introductory Preface, p. 17.)
70
NOTES AND QUERIES.
II. JULY 20, '02.
Upon (his authority it is inserted in the list of Gas-
coigne's works given in the British Bibliographer, i. 80.
It is by no moans impossible that Gascoigne may hare
been the author, but there arc various circumstances
which militate against this supposition. The indefati-
gable Anthony Wood makes no mention of such a pro-
duction ; and in Whetstone's Poetical Life no notice is
taken, or allusion made to it. In addition to which, it
is to be remarked, that Gascoigne uniformly puts his
name to all his publications ; and although the piece in
question is satirical, still the satire is general, and by no
means so personal as it is in the Sleek Glas, of which
poem Gascoigne makes no scruple to avow himself the
author. The DeviCs Will is a very curious performance,
and merits preservation as a severe, but tolerably just
satire upon existing habits. It derives no little interest
from its minute catalogue of the vices of the time."
There is a copy of the original work in the Advocates'
Library.]
MEDALET OF QDEEN ANNE. — I have a medalet
struck on very thin brass, about the size of a
florin. Obv. The bust of Queen Anne : legend,
•'Anna D. G. Mag. Br. Fr. Et Hib. R.;" beneath
the bust, the letters " I. D. R." Rev. The front
elevation of a church, with three cupolas ; legend,
" Eccles. Angl. Fundamentum Quietis Nostrae."
Would some reader kindly inform me on what
occasion was this medalet struck ? 11. C.
Cork.
[This medalet of Queen Anne is a High Church medal,
struck probably about the time of Sacheverell. Similar
reverses will be found on medalets of other sovereigns,
viz. George I. &c. &c.]
MEDAL OF ADMIRAL YERNON. — My gardener
has brought me a medal, which he dug up in my
garden. On one side is a naval officer, ship, and
cannon, with an inscription : " The British Glory
reviv'd by Admiral Vernon." On the other six
ships and a fort, surrounded by the words : " Who
took Porto Bello with Six Ships only, Nov. 22,
1739." The medal is as good as new. Is it at
all rare? C. J. R.
[This was struck upon the taking of Porto Bello.
Vernon was a strong opponent of Walpole and his pacific
measures. He rashly declared in the House of Commons
that he could take Porto Bello with six ships. He was
taken at his word and he kept it, and at once became
the idol of the populace. The medal is of abominable
workmanship, but such was the demand for it that up-
wards of 100 varieties of it are in the national collection
in the British Museum.]
DREWSTEIGNTON CROMLECH.
(3rd S. ii. 27.)
In reply to the Query as to the above, I will
first remark that, in my opinion, the cause of the
fall is not to be ascribed " to foul play." Living
in the next parish, I often visit the cromlech.
I was at it for a considerable time three days
before its full, and then there were no eigna of
the earth being disturbed about the upright stones ;
and when I visited it again, within a few days, no
change appeared to have taken place, save that
which was evidently caused by the fall. The
quoit, prior to the accident, rested on the tops of
of two stones, and against the sloping side of the
upper part of the third. In Lysons's Devonshire,
p. cccviii., there is a woodcut showing the quoit
resting on the two stones ; the manner in which it
rested against the third is not there seen. The
cause of the fall I consider to have been this :
the heavy quoit has acted as a wedge on the stone
against which it rested (and which still remains),
and has pushed it a few inches backwards ; the
ground, which is a light granite gravel, being
saturated by the unusually long rains of this
spring, and thus rendered softer than usual ; the
giving way of this stone would cause the quoit to
move forwards, and it would draw with it the two
stones on which it rested. The action on these
two stones was clearly seen at the time of the
accident. One stone (that on the left hand in the
woodcut) was only about eighteen inches in the
ground, and this has been drawn over ; the other
(that to the right) was of weak coarse granite;
this was moved a little, and then it broke off near
the surface of the ground. As the fall of this —
I believe the only perfect cromlech in Devon-
shire — has caused much regret, I have occupied
a considerable space in stating what I consider to
have been the cause ; and the above is the result
of a very careful examination made shortly after
the accident. Probably if the green swnrd had
been preserved for a few yards round the crom-
lech the fall would not have taken place ; but the
field has been in tillage, and the support has been
diminished by the gradual lowering of the sur-
face thereby, and the action of Dartmoor storms
on the broken up soil, in which the upright stones
had but a slight hold. On the day of the fall, the
wind was unusually violent. An able stone-mason
in this town was instructed by a gentleman residing
in the parish of Drewsteignton shortly after the
fall to make the needful examinations preparatory
to restoring the cromlech, and I believe that it is
intended to proceed with the same as soon as the
corn crop, which now surrounds it, is removed.
I had taken several outline drawings of the crom-
lech before it fell, so fortunately exact working-
drawings exist by which it can be replaced.
G. WABEIKG OBMEROD.
Chagford, near Exeter.
ATHENIAN MANSION.
(3rd S. i. 386.)
All that is known, and much which has been
guessed, about Athenian mansions, may be found
in Smith's Dictionary of Greek and lloman
S. II. JULY 2G, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
71
Antiquities, art. " House (Greek)." One such as
that described in the extract would probably have
brought upon its occupier that species of income-
tax called Liturgies, and vividly described by
Mr. Mitchell in the preface to his edition of the
Vespa, p. ix.
I do not often intrude criticism into " N. & Q."
but I feel obliged to dissent from S. T. G.'s
opinion that Mr. Mitchell is " a faithful trans-
lator." At present I quote only one example,
and that the nearest — the first two lines cf The
Wasps : —
" Sosius. Why, Xanthias, my toy (shakes him), why
vrhat ails the poor boy ? Some affection upon him is
creeping."
" Xanthias. These eyes (rubbing them) so much ache,
,hat (yawns) a lesson they take in the (yawns') sweet
little science of sleeping."
" Sosias. Girds, T'I iratrxeJJ) 5 Ka.K65ai/j.ov s,av8ta. ;
"Xanthias. <J>uAaK7)i> Ka.ra.\vfiv vvKTepivyv 5i5ci<nco)uai."
vv. 1, 2.
The first line is diffusely paraphrased, the
second is not translated at all. Mr. Mitchell in
a note cites Aristotle (Polit. v. 8), which shows
,hat he knew the meaning of tyvXa.K^v Kara\veii',
and put in something else. His stage directions
ire equally unwarranted: —
"A magnificent mansion, with a large net spread over
ts noble fore-court, occupies the stage. The bristling of
spears, and the occasional appearance of armed Gentries
roin its spacious avenues, show that a strict surveillance
is kept over some prisoner lodged within it. Before the
loor stand two slaves in mock suits of Phrygian armour,
ind with fpits in their hands instead of spears. A plen-
iful supply of flasks, cups, and goblets on the stage,
ihows on what materials the fatigues of the night-watch
jave hitherto been supported, but even these now prove
neffieient."
So far as we can gather from the play, Bdely-
:leon is a gentleman in good circumstances, whose
ather has no pecuniary temptation to serve as a
licast, but the way in which he describes the
nfiuence which the triobulum had on his coming
lome, v. 603, does not indicate a family of great
wealth. For the " armed centries" the only autho-
•ity is Philocleon's telling the chorus —
Kara TOJ 8i68ovs ffKOiriupovvTcu,
T« Se Sv avruv «rl raiffi Ovpats
nffTTtp /ue •yaX-fiv Kpta /cAetyaercw
Trjpovfftv fXOVT' o§e\iffKovs." — vv. 359 — 364.
The hoplites are " in buckram suits." The real
tuards are Sosias and Xanthias, by whom (v. 5)
Philoclcon is watched, and who would not have
>een so careful to keep each other awake, had
irmed men traversed the passages. The reference
;o Sabazios (v. 9) shows they had been drinking ;
>ut there is no more warrant for the " flasks,
sups, and goblets" on the stage, than for the
somewhat contradictory direction for Sosias to
" apply his pitcher to his mouth," and Xanthia?
kis " flask."
Sosias and Xanthias have been sleeping. Mr.
Mitchell makes each sleep and dream " for the
course of four or five lines" on the stage after
the play has begun. I have looked into other
translations and commentaries, and I believe that
he is original in that view.
I have confined myself to the opening of the
Vespcs, and, I think have shown that, so far,
Mr. Mitchell is not a " faithful translator." There
yet is more behind, but I have already taken as
much space as I can expect. Mr. Mitchell's notes
are learned and valuable ; he understood and
admired his author; but there was one merit which
he seems not to have felt — condensation. He
seldom gives us Aristophanes, and very often
something totally different ; but his versification
is good, and his matter generally spirited and
sometimes Aristophanic. H. B. C.
U. U. Club.
CURIOUS CHARACTERS IN GERARD LEGH.
(3rd S. ii. 9.)
These are the cabalistic characters called by
the Rabbins "the passing of the river," mixed
with other cabalistic characters called the " celes-
tial writing," and others called "Notariacon."
The language is probably Rabbinical Hebrew.
There are, however, two difficulties which render
it almost impossible for any one, except a very
expert Talmudist, to make out the verses. The
first is, there is no division of the letters into
words. The next, that the "Notariacon" points
are wanted ; so that most of the characters may
stand for one of three various letters; thus, |_ may
be either p, », or N. Had one, two, or three
points been added it would have been the first,
second, or third of these letters, reckoned, of
course, from right to left, as Hebrew is written.
If any Talmudical scholar would like to try what
can be made of the verses, I subjoin them in He-
brew characters ; premising that where three
letters are bracketed together, he may take any
one of the three, but only one, while the single
letter must be taken absolutely. If he wishes to
know more on this subject he will find it in De
Occulta Philosophia of Henry Cornelius Agrippa,
lib. iii. cap. xxx., folio, Mechlin, 1533. As the
line would be too long for the width of your page
I will give each bracket of the Notariacon by it-
self, with a number ; and, in transcribing the line
as it stands in Gerard Legh, will use the number
instead of writin the three letters over and over
Bracket number 1 is (p»X), 2 (133), 3 (.&?)), 4
5 rpro, 6 (DDi). 7 qyt), » (*ian>. and 9 q>vo).
Then bearing in mind that one letter only is to
72
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3" S. IL JULY 26, '
be selected from each bracket; and using the
number instead of writing out each bracket at
length, the verses will stand thus ; and, if Hebrew,
as I surmise, will, of course, read from right to
left.
6, 4, y, : , 4, 6, B, 3, », 1, V, 2, J, 3, 1 ;•
X, 3, », 2, (qy.) ^», 3, (qy.), J. 3, {?, »,l,:, 3, 1, D. 2, » >
In the " celestial " alphabet the character for »
is used in the " passing the river " for p : what
the dots mean I cannot guess.
Occult writers say the tradition is, that the
" Celestial " writing was the earliest Hebrew cha-
racter ; that it was succeeded, in the times of the
Kings by that called " Melachim," or the royal
writing ; then at the Babylonian captivity by that
called the "passing of the river" (probably the
Euphrates) ; and that the present Hebrew character
was introduced by Ezra. Can any Rabbinical
scholar inform us further on these matters ?
A. A.
PoeU' Corner.
DR. JOHNSON ON PUNNING.
(3rd S. i. 371, 498 ; 3rd S. ii. 3(X)
" Leonard. Do you mean to say, Sir, tbat that aphorism
is not in Lord Bacon? Why, I have seen it quoted as his
in almost every newspaper, and in almost every speech
in favour of popular education.
" Riccabocca. Then that should be a warning to you
never again to fall into the error of the would-be scholar,
viz. quote second hand." — My Novel, book iv. chap. 19.
I am very sorry that I should upset the equa-
nimity of MB. DOUGLAS ALLPOBT, but this result
always ensues, so my experience teaches me,
when you show that a man's practice is contrary
to his theory. He laid down the rule of the
necessity of " practically, personally, and in situ
investigating all the belongings of the objects "
that attract our attention, but in the two cases to
which I referred him he does not speak from
practical or personal experience, but only from
quotations. In the last instance he says he de-
layed answering a question because it seemed
trivial and unimportant Are we then to presume
that a saying may be attributed to a great man,
and its absurdity made current by the use of his
name? And when the authenticity is questioned,
are we to be told that it is trivial and unim-
portant ? With regard to his remarks in connec-
tion with the Pipe Rolls, permit me to say I was
present, and shared with many the impression
that I stated, and I well remember the alacrity
with which the respected Secretary of the Kent
Archaeological Society replied to him.
In The Builder of August 10, 1861, there was
an account of the meeting, from which I extract
the following : —
" In the evening Mr. Douglas Allport read a paper on
Antiquities. The inference drawn by most of his audi-
tors was that he preferred conjecture to evidence, and
that he did not value the Pipe Rolls and other do
ments of a similar character. This was a strange corol-
lary to his quotation, ' book openeth book.' It called
up Mr. Larking, who claimed the greatest value for these
truly historical evidences. Mr. Allport explained that
he only meant in their untranslated form, and that they
were too dry for general perusal. This did not mend
the matter, as he ought to be aware of the pains taken
by Mr. Larking to put in a popular form those papers of
Which he has superintended the publication."
But, Mr. Editor, an ample apology is due to
you from myself. Your correspondent states that
I ought not to insist on his being severely logical,
seeing that my style is so flighty and figurative.
I was not aware of this ; but for the future, when
I venture to put another question through the
medium of " N. & Q.," I will endeavour to be as
solemn and sober as a judge, in the hope that my
respondents may not have the inductive process
of their minds impaired by my frivolity, or their
judgments rendered inconsequential by my flights.
In the paragraph in which your correspondent
" reverts to the original question, did the great
Doctor ever say anything so illogical, &c.," he
seems to me to make sad havoc with the law of
evidence. Because the learned Doctor had an
aversion to puns, and because he was violent and
unguarded in his denouncement —ergo, it is more
than probable that he " broke out into " the ex-
pression so generally attributed to him. His-
toric doubts would soon be settled if you admit
such an argument as this. In the case of the last
words of Pitt to which your correspondent alludes,
they could be easily settled by him, at least to his
own satisfaction, thus : — Knowing Pitt's patriotism,
seeing how many of his financial schemes had not
answered his expectations, and knowing the
amount of national debt incurred while he was
minister, it is more than probable that he " broke
out into" the expression "O my country, my
poor country ! "
With respect to the last request that I should
give my real name and address, I can see no
object to be attained by this. I am a very
humble aspirant for the truth, and I am content
to get it by means of a pseudonym ; or if I have
any reason to urge, I would rather that convic-
tion were enforced by the correctness of my
conclusions than by the authority of my name.
On the one hand I am not ambitious to adver-
tise myself, and on the other, I do not desire to
contribute to my amour propre that delight which
we are told arises from seeing one's name in
print. CLABBY.
COVERDALE'S BIBLE.
(3rd S. i. 433 ; ii. 10, 35.)
If this book be the unique copy of "the 'lost
edition" of Tyndale's Bible, which MB. OFFOB
supposes it to be, a further description of it may
s. II. JULY 26, '62.]
NOTES AND QUEKIES.
73
be acceptable to such of your readers as are in-
terested in the subject, and may help to deter-
mine tbe question either for or against this
hypothesis.
Tbe size of this quarto is 9£ by 6£ inches : the
type being 8 by 5| inches, including the heading
line, the catch word at the bottom, and the mar-
ginal references, respectively. The binding, now
damaged by age, is plain black calf, fairly tooled
with a leaf from an old Latin Psalter or Service
Book, with square musical notes 'and red initial
letters, pasted inside each cover. The preliminary
matter is printed, not in columns, but across the
whole page, except the Calendar ; which, with the
text itself, is in double columns, with sixty-two
lines in each column, exclusive of the heading
line and catch word, as far as chap. vii. ver. 27
of the Second Book of Esdras inclusive ; after
which it has sixty- one lines in a column, for the
most part. The contents are given at the begin-
ning of every chapter, and there are marginal
references : each chapter being also marked at
the side by capital letters, A, B, C, D, &c.,
though not according to space or number of lines,
but subjects apparently.
The initial letters throughout both the Old and
New Testament have, for the most part, the same
or florigated patterns ; and the text of both is
evidently off the same fount of types, but I cannot
find, in the initial letters of the Old Testament,
the three figures mentioned in my last letter.
There are jive title-pages : of which the first,
for the whole volume, and the last for the New
Testament, have already been given in " N. & Q."
(3rd S. i. 406 ; ii. 10). The first part, contain-
ing the Pentateuch, occupies eighty-seven folios.
The second title is this : " The seconde parte
of the Byble contaynynge these bookes " ; and
then follows immediately, on the same page, the
list beginning with " The booke of Josua," and
ending with " The booke of Hiob" [Job], occu-
pying one hundred and thirty-two folios. The
third title-page runs, " The thyrde parte of the
Bible, contaynynge these bookes," beginning with
" The Psalter, The prouerbes, Ecclesiastes, Can-
tica canticorum," and " The prophetes " — 'from
"Esay" to "Malachy" — of which the colophon
is, " The ende of the prophecy of Malachy : and
consequently of all the prophetes," one hundred
and fifty folios. The fourth title-page is, "The
volume of the bookes called Hagiographa," be-
ginning with "The thirde booke of Esdras,"
and ending with "The seconde booke of the
Machabees," eighty-eight folios. On the re-
verse of this fourth title-page is an address, " To
the Reader"; stating that whereas these books,
"whiche are called Hagiographa (because they
were wont to be redde, not openly and in comen,
but as it were in secret and aparte), are nether
founde in the Hebrue nor in the Calde : . . . And
that also they are not receaued nor taken as le-
gittimate and leafull .... we haue separate them
and set them aside, that they may the better be
knowen." In which we may remark, that the rea-
son is right, but the derivation wrong ; the writer
having palpably mistaken " Hagiographa," for
" Apocrypha." This address, with the heading
and ending, occupies fifty-four lines ; printed,
not in columns, but across the page ; and con-
cludes with, " So be it." The Book of Ecclesi-
asticus has only the second of the two Prologues
now prefixed to it, but very differently translated.
The fifth part, or New Testament, occupies on'e
hundred and twelve folios, the last folio contain-
ing part of the Table being lost, except a frag-
ment. It is curious that in the Bible itself the
Apocrypha is placed in the usual position ; but
in the preliminary matter in the " abbreviation "
of the books, the " Apocripha" (sic) is put be-
tween the second and third parts, after the Book
of Esther, as MR. OFFOR describes Coverdale's
quarto.
The books have generally the Hebrew name
given : as, for instance, " The first boke of Moses,
called in the Hebrue Bereschith, and in the Latin
Genesis" Again : " The fifth booke of Moses,
called in the Hebrue Ellehaddebarim, and in the
Latin Deuteronomium." But the Song of Solomon
is termed " The Ballet of Ballettes of Salomon,
called in Latin Canticum Canticorum" There are
many errata, especially in the paging; thus, in the
first part, folio 29 is put for 39 : in the second
part, folio 14 for 10, and 15 twice repeated instead
of 16 ; and so in the third part.
In the language generally, and often in the
spelling, this translation approaches far more
nearly to our authorised version than the later
edition by Froschover in 1550.
I will finish this description by giving a few
verses, which appear to me to afford a fair speci-
men, from the Old and New Testament; which,
without encroaching much on your valuable space,
may enable your readers to collate this transla-
tion with that of any other edition to which they
may have access.
[Gen. ii. verses 15 — 20.] " The Lorde God also toke
Adam, & put hym in to tbe garden, of Eden, that he
myght dresse and kepe it. And the Lorde God com-
mauded Adam, saying : Eatyng, thou shalt eate of euery
tre of the garden," but as touching the tre of knowlege
of good and euell, thou shalt not eate of it : Els, i what
daye soeuer thou eatest therof thou sbalte dye the death.
And agayne the Lorde God sayde : It is not good that
Ada should be alone : 1 wyl make hym an helpe, which
may be presente with hym. And so out of the grounde
shope the Lorde God euery beaste of the felde, and euery
foule of the ayre, and brought it vnto man: that he
myght se how he would call it. For lyke wyse as man
hymself named euery lyuyng thyng, euen so was the
name therof. Man hym self therfore named the names
vnto all catell, and foule of the ayre, and to euery beaste
of the felde. And for man founde he not an helpe, that
myght be psent wyth hym."
74
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3">S. IL JULY 26,
[S. Luke i. verses 1 — 5.] " For as rauche as many haue
taken in h&-.le to set forth the declaracio of those thinges,
which are inoost surely to beleued amoge us, euen as the)*
delyuered the vnto vs, which fro the beginnyngo ?a\ve
the with their eyes and were ministers of the thinges
that they declared: I determined also (as sone as I had
scan-lied out diligently nil thinges fro the beginnyng)
that then I wolde wryte unto the, good Theophilus: that
thou mightest knotre the certenty of those thinges where
of thou hast bene infourmed.
" C. The first Chapter.
" <T The concepcion and birth of John the Baptist. The con-
cc[>eion of Christ. The thankful songcs of Mary and zachary.
" There was in the dayes of Herode, the kyng of Jurie,
a certayne Prieaste named zacharias of the course of
Aliia. And his wyfe was of the daughters of Aaron : &
her name was Elizabeth: they wer both ryghteous be-
fore God, and walked in all the lawes and ordinaances of
the Lorde, that no man could find fawte with them."
As my only object is to ascertain the truth, I
shall be glad to know : 1st, What is the evidence
that there ever was an edition of Tyndale's Bible
published in 1537 ? 2ndly, If, as one authority
supposes, this copy be a mixed one, and chiefly of
Craniuer's Bible of 1550, how is the fact of its
having the title-pajje and preliminary matter of
Coverdale's of 1537, an edition thirteen years
earlier in date, to be accounted for ?
EDWD. A. DAYMAN.
Shillingstone Rectory, Blandford.
E. A. D., and other gentlemen who have writ-
ten on this subject, appear at a loss to understand
what version, or even what edition, the Bible is.
Why it is supposed to be any edition of Tyndale's
rersion, I do not see explained. E. A. D. says,
that he has compared six verses of my Reproduc-
tion of the first edition of Tyndale's Testament,
and finds " no less than fourteen variations, many
of them very important." I think the editions of
Tyndnle's Testament have not been so much al-
tered as this would indicate. I find in the same
six verses, Math. viii. 9 — 14, only five variations
between the first edition of Tyndale's Testament
and the well-known first edition of Tyndale's
Bible (as some call it), folio, 1537, by " Thomas
Matthew." I submit, therefore, it is not likely
that any edition, if found, of the same year, will
contain fourteen variations in six verses. This
folio, which was edited by John Rogers, has al-
ways been supposed to be the only edition in that
year, with so much of Tyndale's version as he had
translated. ^ Where is there any evidence that a
quarto edition has been lost, as GEORGE OFFOB,
Esq., in his last letter supposes ? And I would
also beg leave to remark, that I do not see how
the Bible of E. A. D. is proved to be a lost edi-
tion of Tyndale's version, because ceriain texts in
it do not agree with a "Coverdale in 4to, 1537, or
with Taverner's Bible, 1539, or with the quarto
Coverdale and Tyndale, 1530,"* &c. I would
suggest, that the mystery may be solved in a way
I nave explained many such difficulties. The
volume will, I think, prove to be made up of two
editions or more. I have not seen it; and, there-
fore, only give the idea as probable. The title
and preliminary are perhaps one edition, 1537 ;
and the text is, I conclude, that of Cranmer's ver-
sion, 4to, by Whiteburch, 1550 — which I have.
The reasons why I think so are these : E. A. D.'s
Bible, Genesis xli. 7, reads, as he tells us — " And
se it was a drcame." So does the 4to Cranmer.
The same reading is in the 1539 Cranmer, as some
call it; and in the first edition by Cranmer, April,
1540. I have all the folio editions of Cranmer's
Bible, nnd could refer to them, but it would not
strengthen the argument. The 4to Cranmer also
agrees with E. A. D.'s Bible in all the other
points he describes. Esther ends on fol. xx. The
New Testament title is the same wording. 1 John
v. 7, is in smaller type ; and the initial letter he
describes as used 1 Peter, &c., is used in several
places in the 4to Cranmer.
I shall be most happy to compare the Bible with
mine, if E. A. D. will do me the favour to call on
me with it, or send it to me. FRANCIS FBT.
Gotham, Bristol,
[We gladly avail ourselves of the opportunity here
afforded us to call attention to Mr. Fry's faithful and
valuable reprint of the " only known copy of the first
edition of Tyndale's New Testament ; " perhaps the most
interesting book in our language. The following parti-
culars of this reprint may interest man}- of our readers,
and certainly deserves to be put upon record as an evi-
dence of the great pains taken by the editor to insure
accuracy : —
"It contains 692 pages of close small type; is a faith-
ful representation of the original ; and will be valued not
only as a Version, but as showing the state of the Eng-
lish language, the style of the printing, the orthography
( which is very irregular), the punctuation, the divisions
of the words at the ends of lines (even to a letter), and
the contractions used. It has been made by tracing
on transfer paper, placing this on lithographic-stones,
and then printing it in the usual way: a method evi-
dently calculated to insure the closest possible correspon-
dence with the original.
" To prove the correctness of the work, -I have com-
Eared a proof of every page, folding it so as to place each
ne parallel with, and close to, the same line in the ori-
ginal ; so that, by comparing the line all along, I could
easily see that it was correct. In this way I have exa-
mined every line throughout the volume, and I believe that
not a single incorrect letter will be found in it "
The impression consists of 177 copies, of which 2G are
in quarto. Fifty copies are already appropriated, and the
work has been effaced from the stones.]
MUTILATION AND DESTRUCTION OF (SEPULCHRAL
MONUMENTS (2nd S. xii. 509.)— Of Dr. Lyne, see
Harwood's Alumni Etonenses, 1797, p. 94; Gor-
ham's Hist, of Eynesbury and St. Neofs, i. 120;
f Is not this a mistake :
1530"?
Coverdale and Tyndale, 4t
4to,
3rd S. II. JULY 26, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
75
" N. & Q." 1st S. vi. 507, 615 ; xii. 132, 179, 195 ;
and Cole's MSS. Brit. Mus. xxx. 94—98.
JOSEPH Rix, M.D.
DR. NICHOLAS BARBON AND THE PHCENIX FIRE
OFFICE (3rd S. i. 253, o95.) — In Button's New
View of London, 1708, p. 787, is an account of
the various insurance offices then existing. The
first fire insurance office is thus described : —
" The Phcenix Office, at the Rainbow Coffee-House,
Fleet Street, established about the year 1682, whose
Undertakers for 30s. paid them in hand, Insure 100/. for
i 7 years, and so in proportion for other sums, for the
payment of which Losses they have settled a fund.
They employ several men (with Liveries and Badges) to
1 extinguish Fires on occasion. The first Undertaker was
; Dr. Nicholas Barbone, and now there are several Gent.
concerned. This Numb, is about 10,000."
For particulars respecting Nicholas Barbon,
M.D., who was M.P. lor Braraber, and died in or
about April, 1698, consult Bodleian Catalogue, i.
182; Biog. Brit. 1st ed. 219 [B], or edit. Kippis,
i.289, 290 ; Luttrell's Diary, i. 135, 309 ; ii. 403;
iii. 512; iv. 13,364,409; Lysons's Environs, iii.
27 ; Munk's Coll. of Phys. i. 326 ; North's Lives
of the Norths, ed. 1826, i. 427, 428 ; Parl. Hist.
v. 542, 959 ; and Watt's Bill. Brit.
In that useful compendium, Rosse's Index of
Dates, is this article : —
" Barton, Dr., sets up the first Insurance Office against
fire, 1667."
I believe the date to be tolerably accurate, but
I doubt not that for " Barton, Dr.," ought to be
read " Barbon, Dr." C. H. COOPER.
DID THE ROMANS WEAR POCKETS ? (3rd S. ii. 9.)
It appears from Dr. Adams's Roman Antiquities,
that in the earliest times of Rome, part of the
" toga " was drawn up and "thrown back over the
left shoulder, and thus formed what was called
sinus, a fold or cavity upon the breast, " in which
things might be carried." In later times there was
worn below the toga, a white woollen vest called
" tunica" fastened by a girdle or belt about the
waist to keep it tight, " which also served as a
purse in which they kept their money." I quote
from Dr. Boyd's edition of Adam, 1842, pp.350 —
355. Q.
THE BLANSHARDS (3rd S. i. 408; ii. 14.) — The
following are probably the Blanshards for whom
R. B. P. inquires : —
George Blanshard of York, gent., by Margaret,
daughter of Timothy Wilkinson, had Wilkinson
Blanshard, of York, gent., who married Elizabeth
Simpson, of Fishlake, and left a son, Wilkinson
Blanshard, M.D. of London ; and two daughters,
Hannah and Elizabeth, who were interred in St.
Mary's, York, 1820 and 1822. J. S,
SIR JOHN STRANGE (3rd S. i. 271, 353, 306.)—
It is but an act of common justice to MESSRS.
COOPER of Cambridge, who are always so ready.
to assist others, to inform them, that since I made
my last communication relative to Sir John
Strange, I find that in his admission to the Mid-
dle Temple, in 1712, he is described as the "son
and heir of John Strange of Fleet Street, Gentle-
man." Thus by degrees we mount the ladder ;
the next step must be the parentage and the posi-
tion of the father, which some of the archaeolo-
gical delvers in " N. & Q." will, no doubt, discover .
and communicate. D. S.
To COTTON TO (3rd S. ii. 10.) — As I suspect that
a phrase of mine in " N. & Q." prompted MR.
WORKAKD'S Query, permit me to say that I think
I can remember " cottoning to " in the sense of
taking kindly to, as used before Americanisms
became of cant use in England. Indeed, some
of Nares's quotations show its early use in this
sense, and he explains them by the similar but
not very happy synonym " agree." One of his
examples is — " Styles and I cannot cotten."
Hence and despite Nares's conjecture, I am in-
clined to believe that " cotten," in this and in the
American sense, and also in that of attaching one-
self to a patron or superior, is the — en and per-
haps older form of the verb "to cote," Fr, cote,
old French, costoyer. The use in the sense of
succeed may be derivative, and Nares's quota-
tion—
" It cottens well, it cannot choose but bear
A pretty napp —
may be merely a conceit of the writer. But it
is also possible that both Nares's etymology and
mine may be right, for one of the fancies of the
age was to use words in a strictly etymological
sense, and to do this they both wittingly and un-
wittingly adopted new and fanciful derivations,
and generally from roots in the more learned
languages. Hence the same spelt word might
have two etymologies and two meanings more or
less confused and allied. In Euphuism this fashion
ran into the extremes of extravagance. Thus
Holofernes gives us abhominable, and I lately had
occasion to adduce two examples (from Nares) of
goss-amour and -amore. So Sbakspeare uses
exorcist, not as «£, opKifa, but as one who raises
spirits ex orco ; and his peculiar use otfeodary
(old copies fedary) ia based on Its ^wnsz-deriva-
tion from the Italian fede, faith. When Claudio,
in Measure for Measure, says, he kept his mar-
riage secret that her friends might acquiesce and
allow " the propagation of her dowry," he means
the forth-payment (Ital. pagare, to pay) of her
dowry. And when Henry V. asks for the " late
commissioners," he talks Latin-English, and means
the commissioners who were lati or chosen, the
" Commissioners designate " whose appointments
had not been confirmed by the issue of their com-
missions. Shakspeare, especially in the speeches
of court-gallants and those who in his day af-
fected this style, has dozens of such words which
76
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'<i S. II. JOLT 2C,
"
ie rest-
from inattention to this custom or fashion, have
been and still arc sources of never-ending con-
tention to commentators.
BENJ. EAST, M.D., and Logomachist.
CUSTOMS IN THE COONTY OP WKXFORB (3rd S.
i. 503.) — The custom of turning on meeting a
corpse, and following it for some distance, is uni-
versal in Ireland, and must have been brought
from the East by the earliest inhabitants — for it
exists just the same in Persia. W. Franklin, in
his Observations made, on a Tour from Bengal to
Persia, in the Years 1786-7, published in London
1790, says at p. 127, as follows : —
" If any Mussulman should chance to meet the corpse
during the procession, he is obliged, by the precept of
his religion, to run up to the bier and offer his assistance
in carrying it to the grave, crying out at the same time :
Lah ///a/i /// Lillah I — ' There is no God but God I '"
I have heard the wild shouts of the followers of
the corpse in the same place that T. B. mentions ;
and I have been struck with the similarity of
sound of the Ullaluah of the Irish with the above
Persian exclamation. It may be that the Persian
words will bear the meaning given to them by
Franklin ; but there can be little doubt that both
the Persian and the Irish terms are merely cor-
ruptions of the old Hebrew rp Mil, Halle lujah,
or more properly Halle lu yah ; which originally
was used as a pious ejaculation, equivalent to
" Praise ye Yah ! " which our Bible renders " Praise
ye the Lord." R. J. M.
The custom alluded to by T. B. as being
prevalent in Devonshire, and by S. REDMOND as
common in Wexford, is also practised in the West
Riding of Yorkshire. In a district about eight
miles from Leeds, a favourite remedy for hooping-
cough, not many years ago, was to take the child
to a certain hill in the vicinity, and pass it three
times round the body of a donkey. In some cases
it is possible that the simple change of air might
have a salutary effect. H. E. WILKINSON.
BIDDENDEN MAIDS (3rd S. i. 508.)— Whatever
may be the truth about these particular Kentish
maids, upon the authority of a church register a
similar case did occur, and in the same county.
In Burn's Regislrum Ecclesia Parochialis, 1st ed.
p. 81, I find the following : —
" Herne, Kent.
" 1565. John Jarvys had two woemen children bap-
tised at home, joyned together in the belly, and havynge
each the one of their armes lyinge at one of their own
shoulders, and in all other parts well-proportioned chil-
dren. Btiryed Aug. 29."
Although the kind of conjunction is here rather
obscurely described, it is not very unlike that of
the figures on the Biddenden cake, which may be
seen engraved in Hone's Every-day Book, vol. ii.
p. 443. A double junction in both cases.
The credibility of the Biddenden maids, is cer-
tainly not diminished by this case at Herne rest
ing, as it does, upon the authority of a parish
register. Their possibility, of course, is proved by
the modern certainty of the Siamese twins.
A. B. MlDDLETON.
The Close, Salisbury.
LITERATURE or LUNATICS (3rd S. i. 451, 500.)
One of your correspondents makes inquiry for
works written by madmen. The following cutting
is from The Tunbridge Wells Old Book Circular
for this month, published by Joseph Palmer : —
" Privately Printed — The Christian's Armour : God's
Love to Humanity, his Invitations, &c. By H. B.(
an inmate of a lunatic asylum. 12mo, sewed, 2». (!</.
Not published, \
" A singular performance, written and printed while
tho author was confined in a private Asylum."
D.
SOUL-FOOD (3rd S. i. 468.) — This word is pro-
nounced in Lancashire saill, not sool, as Halliwell
gives it ; and its meaning there, is almost equiva-
lent to "relish." I never heard butter called
saal, but meat, eggs, &c., quite come under that
denomination. HERMENTRUDE.
THEROIGNE DE MERICOURT (3rd S. ii. 2.) —
Your readers who are interested in the matter,
will find a detailed account of her case in M.
Esquirol's treatise, DCS Maladies Mentales, torn. i.
pp. 445-50. Nothing is said of the assault in the
Tuileries Gardens. She was sent to an asylum
after the Directory came into office, and died in
the Salpetriere in 1817. The story is curious,
but hardly adapted for your pages. J. N., R.N.
JERUSALEM WHALLET (3rd S. i. 452.) — In ad-
dition to the information respecting Hook's "Par-
son Whalley," kindly furnished me, allow me in
turn to supply an item or two from a note on
p. 182, of Lord Cloncurry's Personal Recollections,
Dublin, 1849: —
" Thomas Whalley, the husband of my eldest sister,
was known in Ireland as « Jerusalem Whalley,' from the
circumstance of his having won a bet by performing a
journey to Jerusalem on foot, except so far as it was
necessary to cross the sea ; and finishing the exploit by
playing ball against the walls of that celebrated city.
He was a perfect specimen of the Irish gentleman of the
olden time. Gallant, reckless, and profuse, he made no
account of money, limb, or life when a bet was to be won,
or a daring deed to be attempted. He spent a fine fortune
in pursuits not more profitable than his expedition to play
ball at Jerusalem ; and rendered himself a cripple for life
by jumping from the drawing-room window of Daly'f
Club House, in College Green, on to the roof of a hackney
coach which was passing."
CLERICUS WHALLEY.
GOSSAMER (3rd S. ii. 16.) — I have been mucb
pleased with MR. BENJ. EAST'S derivation of this
word, and should be disposed to adopt it at once
if he could show that it had been in use in France
If it was, the form I should suppose to have beei
3rd S. II. JCJLY 26, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
77
Gase-Marie, like Hotel- Dieu, Fitz-Aymon, and
our Fitz-roy, Fitz-Empress, &c. Gossamer would
then be from Gase-Marie, like sink-apace from
cinque pas. THOS. KEIGHTLEY.
TENNYSON : CAMELOT (3rd S. ii. 9.) — Your cor-
respondent L. G. ROBINSON asks : " Does Camel
mean a 'river 'in Anglo-Saxon?" An Anglo-
Saxon dictionary will answer him in the negative.
But supposing it did ; how, in the name of history,
could it assist in arriving at the meaning of an
ancient British name ? Camel (whence Camel-
ford) is the name of a river of Cornwall ; and
may be rendered, in British, the " crooked or
winding river" (cam-el). The first syllable, cam,
" crooked," is found in the names of several
j rivers : as the Cam, Cambec, Camlas, Camlet, Cam-
! lin, Camon (i. e. Cam-avori). Cam may have even
denoted a river, from winding.
R. S. CHARNOCK.
DOUBLE CONSCIOUSNESS (3rd S. ii. 32.) — In
On the Truths contained in Popular Superstitions,
3rd edit. 1851, Dr. Mayo, among other observa-
tions on this subject, says : —
"If the fits of trance recur frequently, and are pro-
longed . . . the trance development of the intellect and
character of the patient — oftenest a girl — ^may get
a-head of their development in her natural waking . . .
I knew a case in which the patient at length retained her
trance recollections alone, from long continuance in that
state .... Ordinarily the recurrence of fits does not ex-
tend over longer than three to six months, after which
thev never reappear." — P. 109.
J.P.
PORTRAIT OF ARCHBISHOP CRANMER (3rd S. ii.
38.)— The engraved portrait of Archbishop Cran-
mer in the possession of \V. B. is from Holland's
Heroologia Anglicani, published in 1620 in two
volumes folio, at the expense of Crispin Pass, who
probably engraved several of the plates, sixty-five
in number. The following account of this work
is given in a foot-note to Walpole's Catalogue of
Engravers : —•
"This book was the first regular collection of English
heads, and though it had probably a wide circulation
upon its appearance, it is, at this time, in a complete state,
very rare. What greatly enhances its merit is, that all
the portraits are professedly drawn from original pictures.
The finest copy known is that formerly in the Harleian,
now in the library of the British Museum."
J. H. W.
ST. DUNSTAN (3rd S. ii. 27.) — In answer to the
queries of MB. T. NORTH, I beg to state that St.
Dunstan is a canonised saint. As to when he was
canonised, he died in 988, and his festival was
ordered to be kept throughout England by a
synod at Winchester in 1021 in the reign of
Canute. It was not till the end of the eleventh
century that the formal process of canonization by
the Pope began to be observed. A solemn trans-
lation of his relics to a more honourable place in
the cathedral of Canterbury took place on Sep-
tember 7, by Archbishop Lanfranc, after the
rebuilding of the cathedral, which had been burnt
down in 1074;. and his monument was on the
south side of the high altar, where his relics were
found in 1508, by Archbishop Warham in a
leaden chest, with this inscription : "Here reposeth
St. Dunstan, Archbishop." Many churches were
dedicated to God in his name.
The attributes or symbols assigned to St. Dun-
stan are several. The most common modes of
representing him are playing on a harp, and seiz-
ing the devil with pincers. There is a picture of
him painted %by himself in the Bodleian at Ox-
ford, in which he is prostrating himself at the feet
of our Saviour. He is sometimes represented
with a dove at his ear, or hovering near him. For
these, and other symbols of St. Dunstan, MR. T.
NORTH is referred to the Emblems of Saints, 2nd
edition, under the name of St. Dunstan. F. C. H.
CLERICAL KNIGHTS ; SIR ROBERT PJBAT (3rd S.
i.209, 273—275, 354.)— Sir Robert Peat is styled
D.D., (1.) In the notification of his presentation
to the rectory of Ashley with the vicarages of
Silverley and KIrtling, co. Camb. 1803. (2.) In
the royal licence of Oct. 2, 1804. (3.) In the
notification of his presentation to the vicarage of
New Brentford, 1808. (4.) In the announce-
ment of his marriage, 1815. (5.) In the inscrip-
tion to his memory in New Brentford church.
He did not obtain that degree at Oxford or
Cambridge. From 1797 to 1836 his name was
on the boards of Trinity College, Cambridge, as a
ten year man. He printed a Sermon on the
Thanksgiving Day for the Peace. Lond. 8vo,
1814. C. H. & THOMPSON COOPER.
Cambridge.
JOHN MOTHERBY (3rd S. i. 486.) — John
Motherby was the youngest son of a Scotch mer-
chant at Konigsberg, of the firm of Green,*
Motherby, and Detrusina. His elder brother,
William, embraced the medical profession, and
was in 1801, Ober-Feldstabs-Medicus of the East
Prussian army, and published some excellent
medical works, amongst which his Medical Dic-
tionary is well known, and has, I believe, been
translated into English. He had a son, Robert,
who followed his father's profession, and also
published some medical treatises, as well as a
Taschenworterbuch des Schottischen Idioms und
Deutscher Sprache.
But the subject of inquiry, John Motherby,
took up the profession of the law, and soon after
leaving the University of his native city, was
* Whilst writing, I am reminded by Mr. J. Macray
of the Taylor Institute, Oxford, that he has read in a
Life of Kant, that he was a frequent guest with this Eng-
lish merchant, Kant himself being of Scotch origin,
from a family named; but before I entered the University
both merchant and philosopher, host and guest, had died.
78
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'd S, II. JULY 26,
appointed to the office of Refendarius, an in-
cipient step in the Prussian Courts towards the
higher degrees. As we were nearly cotemporaries
at the University and almost countrymen, an
intimacy sprung up betwixt us which I believe
was the solace of many hours when, in conse-
quence of the peace of Tilsit, all communication
from England was cut off*.
I find from entries in a journal which I then
kept, that in company with some Prussian stu-
dents, I accompanied our friend at the commence-
ment of a pedestrian journey, which he undertook
on August 2, 1808, throughout Germany on his
first stage, but with another youth determined on
not leaving him till we had gone over the battle-
field of Eylau together, about forty miles English
from Konigsberg. The curious details I have
noted of this pedestrian impromptu, at the dis-
tance of almost htilf a century, recall many
pleasing recollections which have no interest for
a stranger : suffice it to say that I parted from
ray friend, never to see him again, at Eylau, for
having soon found opportunity to return to Eng-
land through the favour of the Prussian Govern-
ment, I could only learn some years later that,
having been promoted to a command in the
Prussian Landwehr, when the country rose as one
man against the French rule, he fell at the head
of his company when storming the town of Leipsig
in the three famous days of October 17 to 19,
1814, and was buried in the breach.
I have amongst my papers a poem in German
hexameters on the Death of Nelson, which he
composed, and which, if of any interest, I believe
I could find. One verse I recollect : —
"Britaniens Flagge hoch vom \Vinde bewegt war des
Sieges Pan ier;"
and Nelson's last command by signal, —
" England hofft dass keiner von uns der Pflichten
vergesse."
WILLIAM BELL, Phil. Dr.
2, Burton Street, Euston Square.
THE SIXTY-FOUR LANGUAGES OF THE SIX-
TEENTH CENTURY (3rd S. ii. 28.)— The " sixty-
four languages " are those of the descendants of
Noah enumerated in the tenth chapter of Genesis,
each of whom was supposed to have acquired a
distinct language at the time of the confusion of
tongues. The old writer referred to by J. BR.
must therefore be understood to mean, " It were
more easy to learn aU the languages of the earth
than this. ' CHARLES BEKE.
PLURALITY OF EDITIONS (3rd S. i. 486.) — The
Christian Year has passed through more than
fifty large editions. My copy is of the fifty-fourth
edition, published in 1 858. J. F. S.
JEWELRY (3rd S. ii. 25.)— The answer to G. L.
is obvious. "Jewelry" is not derived from
jeweller, but from jewel; and in the sense of a lot
or a collection it corresponds exactly with
snntry, Irishry, devilry, (" the ministerial devil
Byron, in Moore's Life, ii. 209, ed. 1836),
many more that could be named. LYTTELI
HERALDIC OR HERALDRIC (:)rd S. i. 234.)
E.L. S.will find the question he has raised tr
of in the preface to Lower's Curiosities of He
dry. II. S.
YOUNG'S TYPE COMPOSING MACHINE (3rd S. i
19.) — We are indebted to the courtesy of tl
editor of the Kent Herald for a copy of that journal
of the 10th instant, containing the following in-
formation on this subject : —
" The writer in Notet and Queries has been very wrongly
informed upon the matter regarding Mr. Biggs and the
composing machine. Mr. Biggs was not the man to 'suc-
cumb to the evil threats of the Union men and others '—
even supposing that such threats were ever made, which
from personal acquaintance with the London Trade at the
time, our printer denies. — Mr. Biggs, with the best inten-
tions of giving a trial to an ingenious invention, and to
afford an opening for female labour, hart the earlier num-
bers of the family Herald 'composed' by Young's ma-
chine ; but it was soon found that the incompleteness of
the work was such that it required so much afterwork as
to become a more expensive process than the ordinary
labour. This has been the case with all the composing-
machines invented at present; and the absolute require-
ments of 'thoroughly accomplished compositors to finish
the work— in fact, to do the thinking part,— is inevitable,
however clever the merely mechanical arrangements may
be."
NEVISON THE FREEBOOTER (3rd S. i. 428, 473 ;
ii. 16.) — There is a good deal of information about
this celebrated man in Scatcherd's History of
Morley, p. 250, et seq. What renders the par-
ticulars more interesting, is, that the author
gathered them in a great measure from one whose
grandfather had personally known Nevison.
I well remember going with a relative, many
years ago, to the ruins of Howley Hall, and see-
ing there the stone Mr. Scatcherd speaks of, with
the inscription : " Here Nevison killed Fletcher,
1684." It was then lying in a piece of waste
ground, near a farm house. The Cicerone who
accompanied us related, in addition to many par-
ticulars which are given at full length in the work
referred to, that it was universally believed by
the inhabitants, that if any one moved the stone,
it would of itself at once roll back into its former
place !
A short notice of Nevison's celebrated leap
may be found in the Gent. Mag. for 1820, Part
1st, p. 420. H. E. WILKINSON.
PHARAOH'S STEAM VESSELS (3rd S. i. 485.)—
" There is not a passage that more outrages all the
rules of credibility than the description of these
ships of Alcinous," wrote Pope in the last cen-
tury, when steam boats and steam power were
unknown.
The old proverb, " nothing new under the sun,"
',
3rd S. II. JULY 26, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
may be true, and in this generation we may read
Homer with a new light to guide us in the inter-
pretation of his marvellous poems.
Would your correspondent, W. D., inform us,
where he has read that one of the Pharaohs had
steam vessels ? THOMAS E. WINNINGTON.
QUOTATIONS (3rd S. ii. 47.) — MR. TRIX is a
reader of Tennyson, and it is odd he should not
have recollected that the first of his passages is in
one of the finest of Tennyson's poems, and one
rather unusual in metre. It is in Locksley Hall
(vol. ii. p. 110, 4th edit, 1846). But there are
two lines interposed between the second and third
of those quoted. LYTTELTON.
Louis THE FIFTEENTH (2ud S. viii. 268, 297.)—
Amongst the admirable collection of autographs
lately exhibited at the meetings held in the Hall
of the Law Society is a holograph letter of this
monarch. The letter in question is addressed to
Madame de Pompadour, and bears date March 9,
1760. The signature is "Louis." No doubt Mr.
Young, the owner of the collection, would be able
to give satisfactory proof of its authenticity.
J. A. Pw.
EPITAPH ON DURANDUS (3rd S. i. 519.) — I beg
to inclose the copy of the epitaph on Durandus :
" f& Hoc est sepulcrum Dfii Gulielmi
Duruti epi Mimatensis *, Ord. Prsed.
Hie jacet egregius doctor, proesul Mimatensis
Nomine Duranti Gulielmus; regula morum
Splendor honestatis, et cast! candor amoris,
Altum consiliis, speciosum, mente serenum
Hunc insignabant, immotus turbine mentis,
Mente pius, sermone gravis, gestuque modestus
Extitit infestus super liostes, more leonis:
Indomitus domuit populos, ferroque rebelles
Impulit Ecclesiae victor servire coegit;
Comprobat officiis, paruit Romania sceptro
Lelligerj comitis Martini tempore quarti ;
Edidit ille in jure librum quo jus reperitur
Et ' Speculum juris,' patrum quoque ' Pontificate,'
Et ' Rationale Divinorum ' patefecit ;
Instruxit clerum scriptis, monuitque statutis;
Gregorii deni, Nicolai, scita perenni
Glossa diffudit populis, sensusque profundos
Scire dedit mentes corusca luce studentum
Quern memori laudi genuit Provincia dignum
Et dedit a Podio Missone dicecesis ilium
Inde Biterrensis, pnesignis cerica Papse;
Dum foret ecclesiae Mimatensis serie quietus
Hunc vocat octavus Bonifacius, altius ilium
Promovet, hie renuit Ravenna; prajsul haberi ;
Fit comes invictus simul hinc, et Marchio tandem
Et Romam rediit, Domini sub mille trecentis
Quatuor amotis annis, tumulante Minerva :
Subripit hunc festiva dies et priina Novembris,
Gaudia cum Sanctis tenet omnibus inde Sacerdos,
Pro quo perpetuo datur hac celebrare capella.
iff Jobs, filius Magri Cosimati fee. hoc. op.
(Camillus Ceccariui restaurari fecit, A.D. 1817.)"
* Bishop of Mende, in France, Province of Narboune.
" Hoc opus " alludes to the beautiful mosaic of
the Blessed Virgin and Child, which ornaments
the back wall of the upper part of the tomb,
under the canopy. On the lower part of the
tomb are five shields, the bearings on all the same,
and are —
Argent, on a fesse sable, 3 mullets of four
points, oj" ; in chief a demy-lion rampant of the
second, and in base 3 bendlets gules. F. D. H.
SARA HOLMES (3rd S. i. 465 ; ii. 35.) — The
obliging communication by the correspondent who
who signs himself AN ISLE or WIGHT HOLMES
(as no doubt it can be supported by documentary
evidence) is very satisfactory in identifying Sara
Holmes, and in proving a connection with so re-
spectable a family, that there will be less difficulty
in genealogical inquiry.
Further than what I have already mentioned
I cannot however "corroborate or correct" Mr.
Holmes's statements, but in one respect I come to
a different conclusion. Unless Sara Holmes is
the pivot on which the beneficial importance of
the descent turns, the advertisement of 1824 has
been carelessly worded, and the reference to the
second marriage was quite unnecessary. I say
this with due deference, for Mr. Holmes's grand-
father probably interested himself in the inquiry
of that period, and may have arrived at results of
which I am ignorant ; and, moreover, he also pro-
bably knew those contingencies which are hinted
at as guiding the reversion of Sir Robert Holmes's
estate.
I wish nevertheless explicitly to declare that
the curiosity I have to discover who might be
Sara Holmes, is confined to a genealogical pur-
pose. No mercenary advantage could personally
accrue. None of our present family can claim
any descent from the lady ; and it is very clear
that until all issue of John and Sara Holmes
should be extinct, nobody of our name, even in
direct lineage, could be entitled to succeed.
It is not, therefore, the question of the deriva-
tion of, or the succession to, the property that I
wish so much to solve as the simple fact of who
was Sara Holmes ; and I shall be very grateful
for " the information from MSS." that MR. HOLMES
is kind enough to offer. MONSON.
Chart Lodge.
ANALOGY BETWEEN COLOURS AND MUSICAL
SOUNDS (3rd S. ii. 36.) — I do not remember the
occurrence of any passage in Durandus like that
to which your correspondent alludes; but. in their
Introduction to the English translation in 1843,
the learned editors remark —
" According to Haydn, the trombone is deep red ; the
the trumpet, scarlet; the clarionet, orange; the oboe,
yellow; the bassoon, deep yellow; the flute, sky-blue;
the diapason, deep blue; the double-diapason, purple;
the horn, violet ; while the violin is pink ; the viola, rose ;
80
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. JULY 26,
the violoncello, red ; and the double-bass, crimson," &c. —
P. xlvii.
MACKENZIE E. C. WALCOTT, M.A., F.S.A.
PUBLIC LIBRARY, DUBLIN (3rd S. ii. 28.) — In
the year 1700, Dr. Narcissus Marsh, then Arch-
bishop of Dublin, wrote to a friend in England : —
" I do design to leave all my Oriental MSS. to Bodley's
Library, and for the rest of my books I hope to
dispose of them thus : — The Archbishop's house in Dub-
lin hath no chapel nor library belonging to it .... This
consideration hath made me resolve to build both ....
The library for public ute .... In this library (in order
to the building whereof I have laid by 8007.) my inten-
tions are to lodge all my printed books; .... and I
have now six hundred pounds' worth of books lying
ready in Dublin to be put into the library as soon as it
shall be built"
The collection referred to in this letter was that
of a Mr. Bonnereau. A far more important one
was shortly afterwards acquired by Archbishop
Marsh, and the public, in the purchase of the
library of Bishop Stillingfleet, containing 9512
volumes, " besides many pamphlets." This, I sus-
pect, is the purchase alluded to in the Ormond
State Papers.
Marsh's library was incorporated by Act of Par-
liament in 1707, and was endowed with a rent-
charge of an estate in the county of Meath,
amounting to 2501. a year (Irish currency), by
the last will of the founder, who died in the pri-
matial see of Armagh, on the 2nd November,
1713 (in the seventy-sixth year of his age), and
was buried near his library in the graveyard of
St. Patrick's Cathedral. See Edwards's Memoirs
of Libraries, vol. ii. p. 63, for further notice of
Archbishop Marsh's library.
EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.
NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.
A Hand- Book of Autographs ; being a Ready Guide to
the Hand- Writing of Distinguished blen and Women of
every Nation, designed for the Use of Literary Men, Auto-
graph Collectors, and Others. Executed by Frederick G.
Netherclift Nos. 4, 5, and 6. (F. G. Netherclift.)
We have already called attention to this book, which,
in a small space, gives so much valuable information to
the Historian, as enabling him to test the genuineness of
the documents he consults ; to the Autograph Collector,
as helping to secure him from the frauds to which he is
so incessantly exposed, and to the Frequenters of Old
Book Stalls, as enabling them to ascertain by whom the
marginal notes and various memoranda, which give so
much value to such volumes, have been written. The
three parts now issued, accompanied by a Biographical
Index by Mr. Sims of the British Museum, form the first
volume of the work, which contains between five and
six hundred autographs, selected for the most part from
undoubted originals in the National Collection. It will
readily be seen, therefore, how well the present Hand-
Book is calculated to accomplish the object for which it
has been published. But it is also, we are bound to say,
a volume which cannot be turned over on a drawing-
room table without affording both amusement and
struction.
The River-Namet of Europe. By Robert Fe
(Williams & Norgate.)'
The object of the present work is to arrange and <
plain the names of European rivers on a more comprehen-
sive principle than has hitherto been attempted. And
the interest of the subject is obvious, when one considers
that the names given to the rivers of Europe, when the
first tide of Asian immigration swept over this quarter of
the globe, have probably in many instances remained to
the present day. Mr. "Ferguson brings much learning
and ingenuity to his self-imposed task.
Predictions Realized in Modern Times. Note first Col*
lected. By Horace Welby. (Kent & Co.)
A small volume, containing a variety of curious and
startling narratives on many points of supernaturali-nn,
well calculated to gratify that love of the marvellous
which is more or less inherent in us all.
The new number of The Quarterly Review opens with
a pleasant biographical sketch of the two Brunels, in
which full justice is done to those eminent engineers. Dr.
Hooks' "Lives of the Archbishops of Canterbury" forms
the subject of a well-considered Paper, in which clue
commendation is bestowed upon the labour of the Dean
of Chichester. A clever sketch of " English Poetry, from
Dryden to Cowper," will please students of our national
literature, and a gossip about " Sussex " our holiday
makers. The article on " The Volunteers and National
Defences," advocates the advance hand in hand of the
volunteers and the fortifications. The Paper on "The
Hawaiian Islands " furnishes a pleasant account of that
interesting group. "The International Exhibition" is
a Paper replete with sound views of Art, and concludes
with a fitting tribute to the wise and good Prince, who
had so eminently the capacity of swaying events by his
consciousness of quiet power. The Q'tarterly very pro-
perly winds up with a good sound article entitled " The
Bicentenary Movement,'1 upon the "projected commemor-
ation " of the Puritan partisans, who paid the penalty of
defeat by losing their spoil just two hundred years ago.
But in addition to the Quarterly, we have several other
periodicals and serials which call for special notice from
us. The second number .of the New Series of the Journal
of Sacred Literature contains, among many other ar-
ticles of interest— such as the " Religion of the Romans,"
" The • Te Deum,' " " Clement of Alexandria," " Sacred
Trees," "The Antediluvian World," and many others — one
to which we may call the especial attention of our readers,
" What is Superstition ? " — a question discussed at
some length in our own columns. The sixth number of
The Museum, or Quarterly Magazine of Education, Litera-
ture, and Science, is distinguished by the same variety
and learning as its predecessors. The articles, more par-
ticularly interesting to lovers of literature are those on
"Edmund Spenser," " Merivale's 'Keatsii Hyperion,'"
and " Port Royal as an Educational Establishment."
$otice4 to Corretfjmntttntrf.
Jon* HATNES. An account of the futr nf the last three Boots of
Sooter't Ecclesiastical Polity it given by Izaak Walton in the Appendix
to hit Life of Kicluinl Hooker. Some additional particulars art fur-
nisheil m Mr. Keltic's notes to thin Appendix in Hooker'* Works, edit.
1836, i. lll-ISS.
ZETA. The authnrihip of the ifS. play* in Aytcongh's Catalogue
hoe not been discovered. The fragment* in JVu. 848, arts. 9, 10, are not
dramatic.
ERRATUM. — 3rd 8. 11. p. 17, col. ii. 1. 20,/or " Bowen " read" Bourn."
" NOTES AMD QUERIES" it published at noon on Friday, and it alto
(toted in MONTHLY PARTS. The Sufacriptum for STAMPUD Onii for
Six Month* forwarded direct from the Publisher* (inrlit-ling the Half-
yearly INDEX) is 11*. 4</., which may be paid by Post Office Order in
favour Q/MEMR*. BELL AND DALDT, I8«, FLEET STREET, B.C.; to whom
all COMMUNICATIONS ran THE EDITOR should be addressed.
S. IL JULY 26, .'62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
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WESTERN, MANCHESTER AND LONDON,
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AND ANNUITY SOCIETY.
CHIEF OFFICES : 3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON, and
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W. Freeman, Esq.
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Peter Hood, Esq.
Director!,
The Hon. R. E. Howard, D.C.L.
James Hunt, Esq.
John Leigh, Esq.
Edm. Lucas, Esq.
F. B. Marson, Esq.
E. Vansittart Neale, Esq., M.A.
Bonamy I'rice, Esq., M.A.
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Actuary — irthur Scratchley, M.A.
Attention is particularly invited to the VALUABLE NEW PRIN-
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through the temporary inability of the Assurer to pay a Premium, as
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The attention of the Public is confidently invited to the several
Tables and peculiar Advantages offered to the Assurers, which will be
found fully detailed in the Prospectus.
It will be observed, that the Bates of Premium are so low as to
afford at once an IMMEDIATE BONUS to the Assured, when compared
with the Rates of most other Companies.
The next Division of Bonus will be made in 1861. Persons entering
within tne present year will secure an additional proportion.
MKDICAI. MEN are remunerated, in all cases, for their Reports to the
Society.
The Rates of ENDOWMENTS granted to young lives, and of ANNUITIES
to old lives, are liberal.
Now ready, price 14*.
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on SAVINGS BANKS, containing a Review of their Past History and
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London: LONGMAN, GREEN, LONGMAN & ROBERTS.
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T AW LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY, Fleet Street,
\J London. Established 1823.
The invested assets of this Society exceed flve millions sterling ; its
annual income is four hundred and ninety-five thousand pounds.
Up to the 31st December, 1861, the Society had paid
in claims upon death.— sums assured - £1,329,378
i, Bonus thereon - 1,116,298
Together - £5,444,676
The profits are divided every fifth year. All participating policies
effected during the present year will, if in force beyond 31st December,
1864, share in the profits to be divided up to that date.
At the divisions of profits hitherto made, reversionary bonuses exceed-
ing three and a half millions have been added to the several policies.
Prospectuses, forms of proposal, and statements of accounts, may be
had on application to the Actuary, at the Office, Fleet Street, London.
February, 1862. WILLIAM SAMUEL DOWNES, Actuary.
THHE LIVERPOOL and LONDON FIRE and
JL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY. - OFFICES- 1. Dale Street,
Liverpool: 20 and 21,Poultry,'-London: Manchester, Sheffield, Glasgow,
Sydney, Melbourne, New York, and Montreal.
Fire Income £360,130
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The numerous Boards and Agencies of this Company throughout
Europe, Asia, Australasia. South Africa, and America, afford peculiar
advantages to Life Policy holders visiting or residing in foreign coun-
tries.
The Life Bonuses are guaranteed, and therefore neither contingent
nor fluctuating.
SWINTON BOULT, Secretary to the Company.
JOHN ATKINS, Resident Secretary, London.
June 17, 1862.
MO RING, ENGRAVER and HERALDIC
ARTIST, 44, HIGH HOLBORN, W.C. — Official Seals, Dies,
Diplomas, Share, Card-Plates, Herald Painting, and Monumental
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or Rin s, &". ; Press and Crest Die, 1 5s. ; Arms sketched, 2s. 6d. ; in Colours
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Macon, 30s., 36s. ; choice Burgundy, 48s., 60s., .72s., 84s.; pure Chablis,
30s.. 36s., 48s.; Sauterne, 48s., 72s.; Roussillon,36s.; ditto, old in bottle,
42s.; sparkling Champagne, 42s., 48s., 60s., 66s., 78s.
SUPERIOR GOLDEN SHERRY,
of soft and full flavour, highly recommended, at 36s. per dozen.
Good dinner Sherry 24s. to 30s.
High class Pale, Golden, or Brown Sherry 42s. „ 48s.
Port, from first-class Shippers i 36s. 42s. 48s. „ 60s.
Hock and Moselle 30s. 36s. 48s. 60s. „ 120s.
Sparkling Hock and Moselle 60s.66». „ 78s.
Fine old Sack, rare White Port, Imperial Tokay, Malmsey. Fron-
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W. NOEL SAINSBURY (of Her Majesty's State Paper
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" Mr. Salnsbnry has discovered in H. M. State Paper Office docu-
ments which throw additional liifht on Rubens' character and per-
formances .... and a variety of particulars informing as to the
acquisition of some of the masterpieces of ait in our English Collec-
tions.''—?'** 7"»»ie».
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well is on his connection with the English Court." — Spectator.
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TOR
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No. 31.]
SATURDAY, AUGUST 2, 1862.
f Price Fourpence.
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CONTENTS :
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INTELLECTUAL OBSERVER.
CONTENTS OF THE SEVENTH NUMBER : —
Ribband Fishes oi the Genus Gymnetrus. By Jonathan Couch,
I'M. S. With a Coloured Plate and other Illustrations.
Moss Parasites. By the Rev. Miles Joseph Berkeley, M.A., F.L.S.
With Illustrations.
Is the Giraffe provided with more than Two Horns ? By T. Spencer
Cobbold, M.D., F.L.S. With a Tinted Plate.
The Minstrels of the Summer. By Shirley Hibbcrd.
Insects Injurious to the Elm. By H. Noel Humphreys. With
Illustrations.
Star Finding. With an Illustration.
De La Rive on the Aurora Borealis.
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81
LONDON, SATURDAY, AUGUSTS, 1862.
CONTENTS NO. 31.
NOTES: — Burke and Beaconsfield, 81 — Turner and Law-
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BURKE AND BEACONSFIELD.
The only other vexed question as to Burke's
moral conduct which Dr. Napier has attempted
to elucidate, relates to the purchase of, and the
establishment at, Beaconsfield. Burke came to
London as a student at the Temple, on an allow-
ance of 100Z. a-year from his father. After some
time, not exactly known, he abandoned the idea
of going to the Bar, and married Miss Nugent.
For one or other of these causes, or for some
unknown cause, his father withdrew the allow-
ance, and Burke, we are told, " adopted the all-
honourable course of relieving the lightness of
his purse by the powers of his brain," which means
that he resolved to live by literature, and we
had evidence of this when he undertook the
drudging labour of writing and compiling the An-
nual Register for an annual 100Z. About 1761
he obtained the appointment of Secretary to Mr.
Hamilton, which he retained up to 1764 at a
salary, it is understood, of 300Z. a year. In 1765
the Rockingham party came into office, and it
was Burke's good fortune, " being then," to use
his own words, " in a very private station, un-
knowing and unknown ... by the intervention of
a common friend," William Burke, as Edmund
more than once said, " to be appointed private
Secretary to the Marquis ; and by an arrange-
ment with Lord Verney, for which, as he afco said,
he was indebted to William Burke, he came into
Parliament. The Secretaryship was " a situation
of little rank and no consequence," and the Rock-
ingham ministry lasted little more than a twelve-
month ; but the seat in Parliament gave him a
position which enabled him to make manifest his
great talent. So far, then, as evidence can help us
to a conclusion, we found Burke a poor struggling
man up to 1765, when he had the good fortune
to obtain the Secretaryship, and we leave him a
poor man in 1766, when he lost office ; for though
the secretary's place may, as he said, have given
him " opportunities near enough to see as well as
others what was going on," it is not to be be-
lieved that the secretary's salary would have left
any very large balance, after defraying the ex-
penses of a man with a wife and two children.
Yet within a period not to be calculated by years
but by months — in April, 1768 — Burke purchased
Beaconsfield, giving for it 22,823Z. !
This startling change in Burke's fortune gave
rise to many unpleasant comments — to what, as
I suppose, the Doctor calls " sneering at his
honest poverty " ; his " honourable efforts " to
" gain a position." It had been long suspected
that " the Burkes," as they were called, and their
friends, were great gamblers in East India Stock,
and these suspicions were terribly confirmed in
May 1769, when Lord Verney, William Burke,
Richard Burke, Edmund's brother, Lauchlan
Maclean, and other of his friends were declared
defaulters to an incredible amount. There is no
proof that Edmund had been engaged with them,
though Lord Verney afterwards asserted it, and
the public inquired how, if it were not so, did he
become possessed, in such a moment of time, of
the money with which he had bought. Beacons-
field, and kept up that costly establishment.
At first the public were told that Lord Verney
had given Burke 20,0007. ; then that Lord Rock-
ingham had advanced the entire amount; then
Mr. Prior informed us that " a considerable part,
undoubtedly, was Burke's own money, the bequest
of his father and elder brother," the " remainder "
only being a loan from the Marquis. This state-
ment was, however, somewhat qualified in the
last edition, where we read that " a part un-
doubtedly was his own, the bequest of his elder
brother, and some portion, it is believed, came
from William Burke," and " the remainder "
from the Marquis.
Neither of these statements, both " undoubted,"
though contradictory, were satisfactory. Burke's
" own property," assuming that he had nothing
to do with the stock-jobbing, could not, to judge
by his antecedents, have been much ; the bequest
from his father is given up ; the Clohir estate,
the bequest of his elder brother, will not help us,
for it was not sold for more than twenty years
82
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[8>-<> S. II. AUG. J
after •«- in 1790 — and any assistance received
from William Burke must, in honour and con-
science, have been repaid within a twelvemonth ;
BO that we remain pretty much as at starting, —
if the Marquis paid the "remainder," he must
have paid the whole.
We come now to Dr. Napier's version, and
whether satisfactory or not, we are equally obliged
for the trouble he has taken to help us to inform-
ation. It appears, he tells us, from title-deeds and
documents in Chancery — that "there were en-
cumbrances on and charges on the property, which
were paid off by Burke in the month of February,
1769, amounting to the sum of 6.633Z. 17s. lOrf.
There was a further sum ,of 10,400Z. advanced
to Burke in mortgage, by Caroline Williams, and
3,GOO/. advanced, on another mortgage, by Ad-
miral Sir Charles Saunders. These two mort-
gages remained outstanding until the sale of the
property by Mrs. Burke, in 1812, when they were
paid off out of the purchase money. The furni-
ture and effects in the house were valued at
2,8237. 8s. Not long before this, Garret Burke
had left Edmund almost the whole of his pro-
perty — his house and effects in Dublin, his mort-
gages, judgments, and all costs due to him from
clients, and made him his sole executor and re-
siduary legatee. Garret was a bachelor, and had
succeeded early to his father's business ; was his
executor and residuary, and was very successful
himself in his profession. It is obvious, therefore,
that the property which Garret had left to Ed-
mund, and which probably had been realised in
cash just about this time, enabled him, with an
advance which he got from Lord Rockingham, and
with the two mortgages, to complete his purchase."
Dr. Napier appears to have forgotten that
Burke declared, in his answer to Lord Verney's
Bill (see ante 3rd S. i. 221) that, " in order to make
and accomplish his purchase " he borrowed 6,000£.
of a friend. The case then, as to the purchase,
stands thus — Burke gave 20.000Z. for the estate,
and borrowed 20.000Z. to pay for it ; and it re-
quired all "his own property," and "the whole"
of the properties so elaborately enumerated by the
Doctor, as " probably realised in cash about this
time" — we omit the "some portion" which, it
has been said, " came from William Burke" — it
required all these to enable him to pay for " the
furniture and effects."
Burke had now, by what Dr. Napier calls
" honourable efforts," gained " a position." How
waa he to maintain it ? So far as appears from
the biographers, Burke had no fixed income ex-
cept a possible hundred or two hundred a year
from Clohir. Yet this " position " involved an
expenditure of from 3,000/. to 3,500/. a year !
This appears from Burke's statement to Mr. Pitt,
when the " arrangement," as he calls it, was con-
cluded about his pensions. " My first object,"
Burke avowed, " is the payment of my debts."
"I know this object enters into your
plan. I am to say that these debts were stated,
by my son, below their real amount." The
"plan" agreed on was a pension of 1,200Z. out of
the Civil List, for his own and Mrs. Burke's
life, and another of 2,500Z. a year by vote of Par-
liament, which, however, Pitt did not bring under
the notice of Parliament, but made payable out
of the West India four and-a-half per cents. It
was further understood that the Civil List pen-
sion was to be sold by Burke for " present re-
pose," that is, for the payment of his debts, and
it was, at his request, antedated for the better
accomplishing that purpose ; and then said Burke,
if the grant from Parliament be " twenty-five
hundred clear," it will be enough for " our per-
sonal ease " — " sufficient, without obliging us,
late in life, to change its whole scheme, which,
whether wise or justifiable or not, is now habitual
to us." — Stanhope, Life of Pitt, ii. 250.
It here appears that, after he had retired from
Parliament, and no longer required a sessional
residence in London, after the death of his only
son, Burke could not live at Beaconsfield under
2,500Z. a year "clear"; and if we add another
thousand for the expenses of his parliamentary
and London life, it is below probability.
Whether under the circumstances stated,
"honest poverty" was "justified or not" in
buying such an estate, and entering on such a
"scheme" of life, I leave to the judgment of
others. J. R. T.
TURNER AND LAWRENCE.
It is greatly to be regretted that the bio-
graphies of these distinguished painters should
have fallen into such incompetent hands : that of
the latter into those of a political writer who
hated George IV., and that of the former into
the hands of a gentleman who confesses his en-
mity with the Royal Academy established by
George III. Beyond the circumstances of my
father being an early student, and afterwards for
forty-five years Secretary of that institution, the
connection of my grandfather and my uncle as
members of the Society, and my being a student
in the schools, I have no connection with the
Academy ; yet I am quite prepared to defend the
iioyal Academy as then existing as decidedly as
Turner did ; but I conceive that your publication
is not to be taken up by considerations of opinion,
and I withhold any remarks upon them except
so far as may be unavoidably connected with the
statements of facts.
In his Life of Turner, Mr. Walter Thornbnry
has availed himself of the information of the
Rev. H. Trimmer, who is very free in his com-
ments on distinguished artists, and confounds
S. II. AUG. 2, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
83
myself and my father (who was old enough to be
his father), under the general designation of our
surname in such a manner as to make it doubtful
which was his informant on certain points ; but
insomuch as the following statement is wholly
inaccurate, and relates to the practice of the
greatest portrait- painter of modern times, I trust
you will be able to afford me space to make the
truth public.
In vol. ii. p. 69 Mr. Thornbury quotes from
the Rev. H. Trimmer : —
" I have been told by Howard, who is a good authority,
that he (Sir Thomas Lawrence) always made a crayon
drawing of the sitter, from which he did his oil ; but if
this had been the case, the drawings would now be in
existence.
"At first there is no doubt he was a crayon painter,
and hyper-critics, as they have called Turner's oils large
water-colours have called Lawrence's oils large crayons,
the old chalky manner still adhering."
Strictly speaking, there is not a word of truth
in this. Sir Thomas Lawrence began his pictures
by an elaborate drawing of the head, only, in
black and red chalk, heightened with white chalk
in the lights, over which he afterwards began to
paint, and finished the head before he even in-
timated the intended figure. This practice ac-
counts for the drawings not being in existence.
But a few do still remain, and some have been
engraved in fac-simile by F. C. Lewis (the father
of the present distinguished J. Lewis) ; among
these the first idea of the portraits of the daugh-
ters of Mr. Calmady, afterwards painted in a dif-
ferent groupe, and at present called " Nature."
It is to these children, and not to young Lambton
that the circumstance related by Mr. Trimmer
(p. 70) refers, that after repeatedly refusing to
accept the commission, Mrs. Calmady prevailed
upon him to get into her carriage and go to see
the children, when he said, " Ah ! I see I must
paint them." When he abandoned the idea of
completing his first intention, he probably drew
in a little more of the figures so as to constitute
it more intelligible than he would have cared to
do for his own painting. My father once asked
him whether he did not find the chalk interfere
with his colour, but he said " No, I find it works
in."
Lawrence was never a " crayon painter," but
his early attempts were in delicate drawings in
Italian chalk with a little Chinese vermilion put
on the cheeks and lips. I copied one of these
drawings (which he occasionally made in later
life), a profile of most delicate character, a portrait
of Mrs. John Angerstein. This drawing has been
engraved in fac-simile by F. C. Lewis, as have
many others. After Lewis's death, many fac-
similes on stone were drawn by R. J. Lane, and
all of these are constantly before the public.
The " hypercritics " referred to by Mr. Trimmer
were painters of the Rembrandt and Reynolds
school, who were enamoured of " texture " —
" the cheesy quality " which fascinated Reynolds
in the portraits of some alderman at Plymouth
by an artist of the name of Cozens, I believe,
and which quality Sir Joshua declared to be the
" true mode of painting flesh." The adherents
to this doctrine naturally disliked the smooth
surface of Lawrence, and called them "water-
colour drawings in oil." Till a very late period
all works in water-colours were called drawings,
but until still later no body-colour or roughness
beyond the surface of the paper was tolerated.
At the present day, they should be called " dis-
temper painting." FRANK HOWARD.
j&tuar
EDGAR or POLLAND. — This family has been
described as "In Danskin infra regnuni Polonia;."
It is worthy of remark that there is, or was, a
hamlet named Danskein, near a place called Pol-
land, in Berwickshire, where it is probable that
this branch of the Weddenly family was located.
SPAL.
BOOK INSCRIPTION. — The following, copied
from an edition of the Companion to the Festi-
vals and Fasts, 8vo, 1717, is worth inserting in
" N. & Q." : —
" To the Borrower of this Book.
" Hie Liber est meus,
Deny it who can,
Samuel Showell, Junior,
An honest man.
In vico corvino (St. Paul's, Cov1 Gard.)
I am to be found,
Si non mortuus sum,
And layd in the ground.
At si non vivens,
You will find an Heir '
Qui librum recipiet,
You need not to fear.
Ergo cum lectus est
Restore it, and then
TJt quando mutuaris
I may lend again.
At si detineas,
So let it be lost,
Expectabo Argentum,
As much as it cost (viz. 5s).
" Aug. 18°, A.D. 1719. GEOUGII REGIS, A. R."
JAS. COOMBES.
POTATOES, INTRODUCTION OF. — In " Taylor's
Goose " by the famous Water Poet, near the end,
are these curious lines : —
" So blackberryes, that grow on every bryer,
Because th' are plenty, few men doe desire :
Spanish potatoes are accounted dainty,
And English Parsneps are course meate, though plenty :
84
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. IL AUG. 2, '62.
i
But if these Berryes or those Rootes were scant,
They would be thought as rare, though little wont
That we should eate them, and a price allow,
As much as Strawberryes, and Potatoes now."
Potatoes are said to have been introduced by
Raleigh about 1588, but not to have been grown
in England except as curiosities till many years
after, when an Irish vessel, having some on board,
was wrecked on the coast of Lancashire. Gerard
mentions them in his Herbal as curiosities about
1590. Taylor's Goose was first printed 1621.
Potatoes are mentioned by Shakspeare and other
writers of the time. Is it possible we imported
them from Spain at that period, instead of growing
them ourselves ? A. A.
Poets' Corner.
LISTS OP NAMES RUBRICATED. — The names
are thus printed in Heath's Loyal Martyrs, a book
of which the full rubricated title-page is as fol-
lows : —
" A new book of Loyal English Martyrs and Confes-
sors, who have endured the Pains and Terrours of Death,
Arraignment, Banishment, and Imprisonment, for the
Maintenance of the Just and Legal Government of these
Kingdoms both in Church and State. By James Heath,
Gent. Psal. cxii. 6 : ' The Righteous shall be had in
Everlasting Remembrance.' London, Printed for R. H.
and are to be sold by Simon Miller at the Star in St.
Paul's Churchyard."
Facing the title-page is a folded leaf containing
in red Gothic letters the names of thirty-three
sufferers for conscience-sake, including Charles I.
and Dr. John Hewit.
In Walker's History of Independency, the names
of the regicides are printed in red.
So also the list of English "Revolters' to
Rome " in the Legenda Ignea ; with an Answer
to Mr. Birchley's Moderator {pleading for a
Toleration of Popery*). 12 mo, 1653.
Was this use merely ornamental, or was it
symbolical ? Did it extend to other books ? E.
Sow AND PIGS OF METAL. — The derivation of
these words, as applied to masses of metal, is
uncertain. I, therefore, send the following sug-
gestion, and shall be glad of the assistance of
your readers in its elucidation.
The fused metal from a blast furnace is run
into a straight gutter, slightly inclined, having a
number of short parallel gutters, running at right
angles to the main one, on one side ; the first is
called the " runner" or "sow," and the latter
the " pigs." The whole casting forms something
like a large comb ; the back of the comb being
the " runner " or " sow," whilst the teeth repre-
sent the " pigs." The term " sow " was origin-
ally used, which, I believe, means a run or runner;
that is, as much metal as was run at one melting,
and forming one mass. " Sows," in the plural is
written " sowze," in the Preface to Lambarde's
Perambidation, ed. 1596. Sec Halliwell's Archaic
Words. When the quantity of metal increased,
and it became inconvenient from its size, the side
gutters were added, and the term " pigs" was
humorously given as proceeding from the " sow."
That the latter word means a run, or running,
I infer from its being applied to rivers, and to
an open running sewer ?
There are two rivers in England called the
" Sow." One, in Staffordshire, runs by Stafford ;
the other, in Warwickshire, runs near Coventry.
In Ireland, also, there is a river " Sow ; " and in
that amusing work, Life amongst the Colliers, the
scene of which is apparently laid in Yorkshire,
" a foul open sewer running sluggishly down the
street " is called a " sow." The word " sough,"
pronounced " suff," a term for a drain prevalent
in the midland counties, is, no doubt, derived
from the same source. Can any of your cor-
respondents inform me the exact etymological
meaning of the word " Sow," as applied to rivers
and open running sewers? C. T.
THE « NAME OF JESUS."
In the Calendar prefixed to Tfie Book of Com-
mon Prayer, under the date of the 7th of August
is this entry,
"NAME OF JESUS,"
which I venture to say there are very few church-
men who can explain, and of which I am ready to
confess that I have sought for an explanation in
vain, though I cannot imagine that its origin is
so entirely forgotten that no author whatever has
explained it.
I have consulted Medii ^Evi Kalendarium, by
R. T. Hampson, 1841, 8vo, where, at p. 216, I find
two entries : —
1. " Jesuits' Day, August 6. ' On Monday, the anniver-
sary of Jesuits' Day was observed with its usual solem-
nity in the loyal city of Exeter,' " &c. &c.
Being an extract from The Cambrian for August
18, 1838, in which the origin of the said celebra-
tion at Exeter is attributed to the magistrates
having ordained the 6th of August to be kept as a
day of thanksgiving for the defeat of the Devon-
shire rebellion in 1547.
2. " Jesus Day, Aug. 6. This is no doubt the same as
Jesuits' Day, but Gough gives a different account of it,
as well as a different name : ' The city of Exeter, for its
opposition to Perkin Warbeck, received great commenda-
tion from Henry VII., who gave it his sword, and a cap
of maintenance. For his deliverance from the Cornish
rebels, August 6 is annually observed as a day of thanks-
giving, and commonly called Jesus Day.' — Camden's
Britannia, by Gough, vol. i. p. 36."
Now, which of these two historical events is the
origin of the celebration at Exeter is a matter of
local interest, and deserves a separate investiga-
3rd S. II. AUG. 2, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
85
tion and answer. But that is not the main object
of ray inquiry. Jesuits' Day is obviously a cor-
ruption of Jesus Day, and Jesus Day is certainly
not a term arising from the commemoration of the
deliverance of Exeter at either rebellion, but only
of that deliverance having occurred upon a day
already so designated.
But if Jesus Day was the sixth of August, that
was the festival of the Transfiguration, of which
no observant is retained by the Church of Eng-
land, though it is mentioned in the Calendar pre-
fixed to our Prayer Book, as well as the " Name
of Jesus " ou the next day. Of the latter feast
(if such it was) on the seventh of August, Mr.
Hampson gives no notice. But on looking further
in his Glossary I find, in the letter N, the follow-
ing items : —
" Nomen JFBUS. — The Name of Jesus, Jan. 14.'
"Nomen MAULS. — Our Lady's Name, in the German
church, is the octave of ^her Nativity, instituted by Inno-
cent II. to commemorate the deliverance of Vienna from
the Turks, who had besieged it in 1683."
This reads almost as if the commemoration of
the deliverance of Vienna had been an imitation
of that of tho deliverance of Exeter. Is there
any connexion whatever even in the motives of the
two institutions ?
And it will be observed that a totally different
date is assigned to the Name of Jesus.
I have further consulted another book that I
thought likely to aflbrd the required information,
The Calendar of the Anglican Church Illustrated,
1851, 12mo. (J. H. Parker.) There AUGUST 7,
Name of Jesus, is made the occasion for introduc-
ing notices of the monograms used for the name
of Jesus ; but no explanation nor suggestion is
furnished why the " Name of Jesus " should be
connected with the seventh of August.
Saint Peter had emphatically declared that
there was no other name under heaven given
among men whereby we must be saved (Acts
iv. 12) ; and St. Paul that God hath given him a
name which is above every name ; that at the name
of Jesus every knee should bow. (Philippians
ii. 9, 10.) Upon these texts may very probably
have been founded certain commemorative ser-
vices, in which the worship of a Name may un-
happily have taken the place of that worship as a
Spirit which God requires from his creatures.
There were in mediaeval times, in this country,
many Jesus Guilds, particularly one very fre-
quently mentioned, whose services were celebrated
in the crypt of St. Paul's Cathedral in London.
I suspect that these were especially connected
with the worship of the Name of Jesus. But
surely some of our ecclesiastical antiquaries must
have treated of the matter, and I shall not inquire
in vain among the readers of " N. & Q." N. H. S.
NULLIFICATION.
Can any of your readers procure me one or
more instances of the use of this word, or of its
verb, prior to 1620? The following statement
will show why I want it : —
It has always appeared to me that the alge-
braical phrase " root of an expression," would have
been much more significant if, instead of root, the
word nuUifier had been used. A few days ago,
remembering that Harriot introduced the word
root in this sense, I looked at his posthumous
work (he died in 1621) to see what account he
gave of it. I found I had, years ago, made a
note (from Aubrey) in the book to the effect that
Harriot rejected the Old Testament, whence the
divines of his time attributed his death — which
was caused by a cancer in the lip, owing, others
said, to a habit he had of holding compasses and
other brass instruments in his mouth — to a
special judgment, in punishment for his having
nullified the word of God. It struck me that the
word was not in the English of that time, and I
found that Phillips has no word inserted between
nullifidian and nullity. Hereupon I began to sus-
pect that the clergy who used the phrase intended
a satirical allusion to Harriot's algebra. Har-
riot was the first who wrote A = B in the form
A — B = 0 ; and this zero must have appeared
excessively strange when it was first introduced,
though very familiar to us. It would take too
much space to describe the very slow steps by
which 0 came to represent nothing, cessation of
the idea of magnitude : down to Harriot's time, or
nearly, the cipher, as it was called, was only a
blank type, useful in keeping the digits of a
complex number in their proper places. It seems
not unlikely that the clergy, by way of satire, put
it that Harriot had made the word of God = 0 as
as well as A — B. And the supposition is some-
what confirmed by the option of using the phrase
" of none effect," which occurs several times in
the authorised version in connection with the
" word of God." Would a clergyman have used
such a word as nullify, when he had a strong sub-
stitute which was in possession of the popular ear,
unless he had some reason derived from the occa-
sion ?
But it may be said that in 1621 the authorised
version (1611) had not had time to lite in. I
looked therefore at the various English versions
of Matthew xv. 6 and Mark vii. 13 ; and I find,
curiously enough, that " of none effect " is a
piece of pure Protestantism. In the second pas-
sage, it is used by Tyndale, Cranmer, the Geneva,
and the Authorised ; Wicklif has " breken," and
the Rhemish " defeating." In the first passage it
is used by Cranmer and the Authorised, the.
other two having " without effect : " Wicklif has
" made void," and the Rhemish " made frustrate."
86
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3«» S. n. AIK;. 2, '62.
It follows that the phrase " of none effect " was
perfectly familiar at the time in question.
No doubt, even though the word existed, the
clergy might have levelled it at Harriot's alge-
braical practice : but it would be much more
curious if they invented for the occasion a word
which the algebraist might with advantage have
invented for himself. I wait to see whether any
use of it can be produced prior to 1G21 ; if not, I
shall conclude that the clergy invented the word.
And thereupon I shall pray your clerical readers
to sneer a little at our present algebra ; for we are
much in want of good words.
I ought to have stated that Harriot was not a
retired student: he was a leading member of one
of those societies of learned men which noblemen
of intellectual tastes used to collect around them-
selves. His patron was Henry, Earl of Northum-
berland: and Harriot, Hues, and Warner, who
were constantly with this Earl when prisoner in
the Tower in 1G06, were called his three Magi.
A. DK MOBGAN.
A-KIMBO. — In the Heart of Midlothian, ch. xi.
p. 196, of vol. xii., of the Waverley novels, Edin-
burgh edit, of 1830, is a scene in the court-yard of
Duinbiedikes, in which the author says : —
The Laird " clapped on his head his father's gold-laced
hat, and opening the window of his bed-room, beheld, to
his great astonishment, the well-known figure of Jeanie
Deans herself retreating from his gate ; while his house-
keeper, with arms a-kimbo, fist clenched and extended, bod}'
erect, and head shaking with rage, sent after her a volley
of Billingsgate oaths."
Can any reader of "N. & Q." explain how
Mrs. Balchristie managed to perform the feat
indicated by the italicised words ? Like Jeremy
Didler, in the old farce, " I only ask for informa-
tion's sake ! "
Webster, under the word KIMBO, says : —
" To set the arms a-kimbo, is to set the hands on the
hips, with the elbows projecting outward."
ERIC.
Ville-Marie, Canada.
ANONYMOUS. — Who is the author of The Dis-
pensary, an interlude. By Three Coxwold Scholars,
12mo, pp. 26, 1780 ? 2. A new cantata, called-Ero*
and Antcros ; or Love and no Love. The principal
part by Merry Cupid, addressed to the Rev. Mr.
, Fellow of Caius College, Cambridge. Sm.
8vo, pp. 18, 1774? This piece is introduced by a
letter from Cambridge, " To the Editor of the
Norfolk Chronicle." Neither of these dramatic
pieces are mentioned in the Biog. Dramatica.
ZETA.
BEKANQER'S VIEWS OF RUINS, Co. DUBLIN. —
In the Gentleman's Magazine, 1770, pp. 205 — 209,
there is " a topographical description of Dalkey
and the environs," in the county of Dublin, by
Mr. Peter Wilson of Dalkey. It is in the form
of a letter to John Lodge, Esq., Deputy-keeper
of the Rolls, and contains the following passage : —
"To illustrate this description, I have inclosed a sketch
[which is given] of one of the castles, from a view taken
by my ingenious friend Mr. Beranger, who, with great
industry and correctness, hath drawn a curious collection
of ruins, principally in the neighbourhood of Dublin,
and means to have them engraven and published, if
suitable encouragement be not wanting."
Can you give me any information respecting
I these views ? Have they been published ? Or, if
j not, where are they deposited ? I am particu-
larly anxious to know more [about them. Who
was Mr. Beranger ? ABHBA.
CHESS LEGEND. — It is said of the man who in-
vented chess, that when he showed the game to the
king he was asked to name his reward. He said
all he asked was to be given a grain of corn for
the first square, two for the second, four for the
third, eight for the fourth, and so on, doubling on
each square. The calculation was made how
much he was to receive, and it is said that it
amounts to more corn than the whole world has
produced since Adam. There are fifty million
square miles in the world. Can any of your
readers tell me the average number of ears of
corn there are in an 'acre ? I believe there are
about twenty-five grains in an ear. P. R. O.
CRUELTY TO ANIMALS. — Has the Society for
Prevention of Cruelty to Animals edited any
pamphlets for general distribution designed to
second their efforts ? If so, how may such be
accessible ? References also to any essays, recent
or antique, on the morale or rationale of this matter,
both pro and con, will oblige. N. B.
JOHIC DIAMOND THE CALCULATOR. — In my
early days I recollect to have seen, — I am in-
clined to think not in the Gentleman's but in the
Lady's Magazine, — an analysis of the component
parts of the Bible ; viz. an enumeration of the
totalities of the different books of the Old Testa-
ment, the chapters, verses, words, and letters ;
also, how often certain particles occurred in the
sacred volume ; and the middle chapter, verse,
&c., were also particularised. Those details, as
far as I had seen, were anonymous, but lately ac-
cidentally looking into Lysons's Environs of Lon-
don (5 vols. 4to, London, 1795), I observed,
vol. ii. Hanwell, p. 557, that these computations
were by John Diamond, a native of Lincolnshire,
who, strange to say, was blind from a month old ;
and, marvellous as it may appear, was capable of
keeping a school and instructing others. The case
is altogether most extraordinary, but as Mr. Ly-
sons's work is easily accessible I will not occupy
your space with longer details, but merely state,
that the man was then sixty years of age, and
living at Hanwell, and I trust some reader of
3'd S. II. At7G. 2, '02. ]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
87
" N. & Q." •will favour us with the conclusion of
the history of this wonderful character.
COMPTJTATOB.
DISINTERESTED GENEROSITY AND MORAL DE-
LINQUENCY.— Under this heading I have a news-
paper paragraph, at least twenty years old, as
follows : —
" It is a most extraordinary fact that the Scotch pea-
sant who sheltered Prince Charles after his defeat at
Culloden Moor, an.d when the price of 30,OOOZ. was set
upon his head, was afterwards hung for stealing a cow ! "
Can any of your readers supply the name of
this man and the particulars of his trial and con-
demnation ? If true, it is a fact worthy of being
put on lasting record. T. B.
Fox AND LOKD ' NORTH. — When and upon
what occasion did Fox contemptuously call Lord
North " A thing," and what was North's reply ?
E. H.
" GENERAL ADVERTISER." — Who was the ed-
itor of the General Advertiser about 1780, and
did he advocate a plan for enlarging Newgate ?*
E. H.
THE HALSEYS. — In Wharton's Queens of Society
I find the following passage. Speaking of Thrale's
Brewery, it is said : —
" The brewery then belonged to Edmund Halaey,
whose family still flourish in Hertfordshire, and own
Gaddesden Park. The concern was situated at St. Al-
ban's, and was highly profitable ; it was the foundation
of the provincial greatness of the Halseys."
The highly respectable family, referred to here,
would scarcely, 1 presume, admit the correctness
of this latter designation; but they might also, if
I am not mistaken, disclaim the whole of the state-
ments respecting them contained in these short
sentences.
There is no reason, that I am aware of, to
doubt but that Great- Gaddesden was granted to
the ancestor of the Halseys by Henry VIII., and
that their family has maintained its standing there
ever since ; but there is great reason to doubt
whether this Edmund Halsey had any connection
with them. At any rate his name does not ap-
pear in their pedigree ; and one who is interested
in the subject would be glad of any proofs by
which it could be established. C. W. B.
HARROW SCHOOL. — Any readers who may be
in a position to contribute any memoranda or
reminiscences of Harrow School (especially of its
earlier days) will confer an obligation by com-
municating with M. A., care of Messrs. Black-
woods, Publishers, 45, George Street, Edinburgh.
The advertiser's name and address will be readily
given.
[* James Perry (latterly editor of the Morning Chro-
nicle) was, in 1780, one of the leading writers in the
General Advertiser. — ED.]
JAMES STEPHEN LUSHINGTON, youngest son of
Thomas Godfrey Lushington, Esq., of Sitting-
bourne, in Kent, by his first wife Dorothy,
daughter of John Gisbourne, Esq., was educated
at Peterhouse; B.A. 1756, Fellow 175—, M.A.
1759. He was Canon of Carlisle 1777—1785,
and Vicar of Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1782. He
also held the vicarage of Latton in Essex, and is
described as of Rodmersham in Kent. We shall
be glad to be informed of the date of his death.
C. H. & THOMPSON COOPER,
Cambridge.
LINEN. —
" The linen, I also observed, was very neatly lapped
up, and to their praise be it spoke, was lavender proof." —
Glasgow in 1658.
Does this passage mean that the linen was kept
so sweet and clean that it did not require lavender
to be strewn over it ? — a custom I remember as
in vogue even in 1825. W. P.
COLONEL DANIEL O'NEILL. — Wanted, an au-
thority showing the relationship between the
above-mentioned officer (who was in attendance
on Charles II. during his exile in France), and
his uncle, General Owen Roe O'Neill, who gained
the battle of Benburb in 1646. HERBERT HORE.
Conservative Club.
OLD PAINTING OF THE REFORMERS. — I have in
my possession an old oil painting of considerable
merit, and am most anxious to know whose work
it is. It represents the fourteen most celebrated
Reformers, whose portraits are all given, seated or
standing round three sides of an elevated table, on
which is placed a candle representing the light of
the gospel ; while on the other side, from below,
a friar, a pope, a cardinal, and the devil, in the
form of a bull, are trying to extinguish this
light, complaining that " they cannot blow it
out." The friar, in addition to his breath, is throw-
ing holy water on it with a kind of spoon. Is
another similar painting known to exist anywhere ?
I am under the impression that I have heard that
such is the case, but am quite ignorant as to
where it is now to be found. Can any of your cor-
respondents inform me ? H. C. F. (Herts.)
OLD PICTURES AND ALLUSIONS. — In the Analy-
tical Magazine for July, 1802, is an article on
" Pictorial Anomalies : " —
"Plato has been depicted as a schoolmaster with a
rod, sitting in his school ; Aristotle saddled and bridled,
led by Cupid and ridden by Venus ; and Judas Maccabeus
in full armour by the side of a cannon."
The same writer says : —
« « When the Devil was sick, the Devil a monk would
be,' &c., is taken from JSschylus."
I shall be obliged if told where I can see the
pictures, or the passage in JEschylus. E. W.
88
NOTES AND QUERIES.
.:,VT;.
PICTURE AT BBOOM HALL. — In the dining-
room of Broom Hall, the residence of the Earl of
Kl^in, in Fife, is an old picture containing two
figures ; the subject is, the flaying alive of a
monk by a fellow-monk, agreeably to the terms
of a bet which had been laid between them.
Can any of your readers refer me to the story of
which said picture is illustrative, or give me any
other information regarding the matter ? W. G.
PENNY HEDGE AT WHITBT. — A very curious
ceremony prevailed at one time at Whitby, and I
am not aware whether it still survives. The
origin of the custom is, I believe, purely local,
la a common-place book of my own 1 have some
years ago entered the following account, but ap-
pear to have omitted the authority from whom
I have quoted it, and the date of transcription.
i will give it in the words as it stands : —
" Two persons of distinction in the neighbourhood
being out a hunting the wild boar, the animal, closely
pressed, obtained shelter in the hermitage of Eskdaleside,
but almost immediately dropped lifeless. The hermit
having closed the door, it was broken open, and the old
anchorite beaten so severely with their boar-staves as to
occasion his death. The Abbot of Whitby, attending
him in his last moments, ordained, not their deaths, but
the following expiatory penance: that on every Ascen-
sion Day they should repair to the Abbot's woods, pre-
ceded by his bailiffs blowing a horn, and at intervals crying
out, " Out on you ! " and cut from thence a certain num-
ber of stakes and stowers, with a knife of no more value
than a penny. With these materials they were to erect
a hedge, at nine o'clock in the forenoon, at low-water
mark in the harbour of Whitby, which was to stand the
•washing of nine tides, on pain of contiscation of the whole
property. The Lord of Whitby Manor, as successor to
the abbots, about half a century since, offered to dispense
•with the ceremony, but the proprietor of th-> -mining
lands held by this remarkable tenure decli:
Does this singular ceremony still prevail ?
T. B.
RESURRECTION MEN. — The Messrs. Chambers,
in their Book of Days, give an account of this
class of men. In turning over a scrap-book, I
find the following account, but unfortunately it is
without date, and I have made no memorandum
from what paper it is extracted. Can any of your
readers furnish the means of verifying the cir-
cumstances therein related ? —
" RESURRECTION MEN.
" Who has not heard of the diabolical exploits of
Burke and Hare in Edinburgh, and of the murder of the
Italian boy in London, for the purpose of selling the
bodies of their murdered victims for dissection ? At the
time when the latter deed of darkness transpired, and
filled all England with horror, a circumstance came to
light ..which illustrated the fatal and criminal facility
with which the medical profession aided the murderer
and the sacrilegious disturber of the dead in their nefa-
rious occupations.
" A gentleman of the name of Box, a miller, residing
at Barnet, was returning from London, where he bad
been attending the corn market at Mark-lane. He was
in a gig, and having reached Finchley Common —-a
lonely spot — he saw at some distance a eqnare cart,
•with two men in it, driving rapidly towards him on the
same side of the road. He instantly t'arned out of the
way in order to avoid a collision, bat tJhe driver of the
cart did the same, and in a moment the two vehicles
were locked together by the wheels. One of the meu,
who was not driving, then stepped ou'c of the cart, and
placing his foot on the shaft of Mr. Box's gig, )>•
a pistol, and fired at him. Mr. Box. instantly drew a
pistol from his pocket, and returned t'ne fire, upon which
the man, giving a dreadful shriek, fell be.ck into the
cart. His companion instantly disentangled the vehicles
and drove off at full speed.
"As soon as Mr. Box came to his recollection, he
turned his horse's head and drove after him ; but the
other had got the start, and having a powerful horse,
contrived to elude the pursuit, by turning into a b3fe-
street upon reaching Islington. Application was made
at Bow Street, and a diligent inquiry was set on foot,
but to no purpose. The affair, which mada a good deal
of noise at the time, gradually (lied away, until the
murder of the Italian boy caused a revcistion of tho
finale of the tragedy to the following effect:
" It appeared that the two men were body-snatchert, or
resurrection-men, who, having been upon a fruitless ex-
pedition into the country, were returning to town, and,
unwilling to go home "empty-handed, resolved, upon
seeing Mr. Box in his gig, to make a subject of him, if
nothing else. They accordingly enacted the scene we
have described. The driver of the cart, finding hia friend
dead, and thinking it of no use to have a friend if he did
not make use of him, drove off to St. Bark'i-itiimew's Hot-
pital, and sold him for dissection! Of courr-o, it v,-as not
known at the moment of purchase how tho man came
by his death ; but the wound was found as soon as the
corpse was exposed, and a friend of the writer saw the
bullet extracted under tho disseoting-knifc, but no in-
quiry was instituted, although the time corresponded
with the affair in which Mr. Box was so conspicuous an
actor.
"In explanation of the singular escape of Mr. Box
from the point-blank shot of the assassin, that gentleman
happened to have a large bag of silver in his coat side-
pocket ; aud when he reached home, he found the ball
safely lodged amongst the harmless shillings and half-
crow'ns ! "
T. B.
ROYAL MOTTO. —
" Dieu est mon droit."
Was this ever the reading of the royal motto ?
I have seen it thus under the royaL arms, with
the date 1641. UUYTE.
Capetown, S.A,
SCANDINAVIAN PROVERBS. — In Ji Boston re-
print of Ray's Proverbs, the two following are
marked " Scandinavian : " —
"He who allows himself to bo taken deserves to be
hanged.
" Two cats to one mouse is sorry hunting."
Can any reader of " N. & Q." help me to the
originals ? E. W.
imtf)
STERNHOLD AND HOPKINS'S PSALMS : W. W.
AND N. — It has often been matter of inquiry
who W. W. was. He versified several psalms at
3rd S. II. AUG. 2, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
89
the end of Sternhold and Hopkins's old version.
In Tom Brown's Letters from the Dead to the
Living (Joe Haines's third letter) he says, walk-
ing in Elysium, he met " three old-fashioned
thread-bare mortals," the eldest, of whom in-
troduced himself thus — " Sir," says he, " my
name is J. Hopkins, and my two companions are
the famed Sternhold and Wisdom ; " and then
goes on to inquire whether upon upper earth their
version of the Psalms is to be superseded by that
of "two Hibernian bards" (no doubt Tate and
Brady), whom he calls "two new-fangled usur-
pers." This would clearly lead us to suppose
that their coadjutor's (W. W.'s) name was Wis-
dom. I have a vague recollection of having heard
something like this before. Can any of your
readers assist me ? Was he related to Simon
"Wisdome, who published a sort of epitome of the
Old Testament in 1594 or thereabouts? Who was
X., whose single initial stands before several
psalms near the end ? A. A.
Poets' Corner.
[The initials, W. W. belong to William Whittyngham,
Dean of Durham, who died on 10th June, 1570. Only
five psalms are generally given to him, but he contri-
buted more largely, and in the edition of 1561 the num-
bers are 23, 37, 50, 51, 67, 71, 114, 115, 119, 121, 124, 127,
1-29, 130, 133, 137, in all sixteen. He paraphrased the
Ten Commandments, still inserted at the end of the
Psalms, and also the Song of Simeon, and two versions of
the Lord's Prayer, now only to be found in edit. 1561.
Wisdom's Christian name was Robert, obit. 1568. He
contributed a second version of Psalm 125, and a well-
known prayer at the end of the collection. It seems
improbable that this " arch-botcher of a psalm or prayer "
should be ridiculed into celebrity by the facetious Bishop
Corbet, unless he was a noted psalm-singer, or author of
more than is generally ascertained. He is likewise men-
tioned by Sir Thomas Overbury, who says, a Precisian
" conceives his prayer in the kitchen, rather than in the
church, and is of so good discourse, that he dares chal-
lenge the Almighty to talke with him extempore. He
thinks every organist is in the state of damnation, and
had rather heare one of Robert Wisdom's psalmes than
the best hymn a cherubin can singe." ( Wife, &c. 1638).
The letter N is intended for Thomas Norton, a barrister-
at-law, and assistant of Lord Buckhurst in the once
popular tragedy of Gorboduc. Consult a valuable paper
on Sternhold and Hopkins's Psalms by Joseph Hasle-
wood in Centura Literaria, edit. 1815, i. 69-87, and War-
ton's History of English Poetry, iii. 149, edit. 1840.]
THE GROYNE. — What place was thus desig-
nated ? I find the word in a warrant signed by
Cromwell, now forming part of the choice collec-
tion of autographs at the 'Law Society's Institu-
tion : —
" Oliver P.
" Forasmuch as wee have receaved Intelligences that
the Spanish Fleet which are expected from the West
Indies intend to take their course for the Groyne," &c.
Certain ships are ordered "to saile unto Cape
Finnester, and to plye thereabouts for the pro-
tection of trade."
A groyn is a breakwater, but some special port
seems to be alluded to in the warrant. JAYDEE.
[" The Groyne " is the well-known Spanish port of
Cornna (English Corunna, French Corocine), on the north-
west coast of Galicia. The place is called " The Groine "
in Hakluyt, as it still is by British Seamen — an easy
corruption from Cruna, the name bestowed upon it at
the beginning of the thirteenth century, when Alonzo IX.
founded it, and removed thither the inhabitants of Burgo
Viejo. Cruna is the Galician word for cnluna, a column
or pillar ; and it is supposed that the town took its name
from the Torre de Hercules at the entrance of the port,
that well-known light-house having this appearance
when seen from a distance.]
ST. PATRICK'S CUKSE. — In the Autobiography of
Adam Martindale, printed by the Chetham Society,
I find this proverb : — " Those that fare well and
flit have St. Patrick's curse." Can any of your
readers give any information as to the reference
here? Martindale was a native of Lancashire,
born in the early part of the seventeenth century :
is the proverb a local one ? Is it still in use in
Lancashire ? K.
[So many maledictions stand recorded in the Acta
Sanctorum as pronounced on the contumacious by St.
Patrick on various occasions, that it;is difficult to say posi-
tively which is the one referred to in the above proverb.
A person is said to " flit " who removes or changes his
residence ; not an advisable step if he " fares well," i. e. is
doing well where he is, andean comfortably remain there.
The reference to " St. Patrick's curse " seems to indicate
that curse in particular which he pronounced on a cer-
tain Oengus, who had impeded the erection of a church
which the Saint wished to build : " Soon shall thy house
be overthrown, and thy substance wasted." (Erit in brevi
domus tua destructa, et substantia tua dissipata. Acta
Sanct. Mar. 17, p. 565, col. 2, E.) The purport of the
proverb will then be, " Those who are well off as they
are, and who shift their position, will get more loss than
profit : " much as we say, " Let very well alone : " "A
rolling-stone gathers no moss," and " Two removes are
as bad as a fire."]
TURNER'S BIRTH-PLACE. — How are we to re-
concile J. W. M. Turner's assertion to Mr. Cyrus
Bedding (Fifty Years' Recollections, i. 198,) that
he was a Devonshire man, from Barnstaple, with
the commonly received opinion that the great
painter was born in Maiden Lane, London ?
GRIME.
[This statement did not escape the notice of Mr. W.
Thornbury in his Life of J. M. W. Turner, i. 3. He
says, " The assertion of Mr. Cyrus Redding, that Turner
usod to say that he came up from Devonshire to London
when he was very young, must be a mistake, as we find
that his father was married in August, 1773, and he him-
self baptised in London in May, 1775. Perhaps Turner
meant that it was his father who, early in life, came
up from Barnstaple to London ; or perhaps he purposely
mystified Mr. Redding, as he did so many other people."]
MEDAL OF SHAKSPEARE. — The writer having
in his possession the following medal, would be
glad if you, or your readers, would inform him
when it was struck ? who was the designer ? and
90
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"> S. II. AUG. 2, '62.
what object or event it was meant to comme-
morate ?
Obverse. Bust of Shakspeare after the Chandos
picture, with the inscription : " Guilielmus Shake-
speare."
Reverse. Mountain landscape, surmounted by
the words " Wild above rule or art." Underneath
the view, "Nat. 1564."
The medal is in bronze, about an inch and a
half in diameter. A. B. G.
[This was not intended to commemorate any particular
event. It is a complimentary, struck probably about
the beginning of the reign of George II. by J. Dassier. ]
LORD BYRON. — I have in my possession a
bronze medal of Lord Byron, 2£ inches in diame-
ter, with his Lordship's effigy on one side, and on
the obverse three trees ; with the inscription —
" AOelTON AIEI."
Round the edge is the inscription : —
" F. lIIKEPINr. KAI . F. I'OI'01NrrnNTO2 .
KA0IEPii2I2 .A.I. 2TO0APA . En . au^a." \
What is the meaning of the above ? And on
what occasion was the medal struck ? DELTA.
[This medal was a genuine compliment to Byron. It
was not struck upon any particular occasion, but as an
offering to Byron's genius by Pickering & Forthington,
and executed by A. J. Stothard, we believe, in 1824, but
the Greek numerals are incorrect. The three trees are
laurels, which the legend pronounces indestructible or
immortal as his genius.}
POPE'S EPITAPH OX THE DIGBYS.
(3rd S. i. 6, 55.)
" Go, just of word, in every thought sincere,
Who knew no wish but what the world might hear ;
Of gentlest manners, unaffected mind,
Lover of peace, and friend of human kind ;
Go, live, for heaven's eternal year is thine ;
Go, and exalt thy mortal to divine."
So mortal stands inscribed on a black marble
slab in the Digby aisle of the abbey church at
Sherborne. Johnson, then, was right ; and a simi-
lar contrast at the end of a letter from Pope to
this very Mr. Digby, on whom the epitaph was
written, confirms Johnson's reading : —
" The moment I am writing this, I am surprised with
the account of the death of a friend of mine; which
makes all I have been talking of — gardens, writings,
pleasures — a mere jest! None of them (God knows) are
capable of advantaging a creature that is mortal, or of
satisfying a soul that is immortal ! "
The letter is one of a series which passed be-
tween the Hon. Robert Digby and Pope from
Juno, 1717, to April, 1726. (Vide Pope's Works,
ed. London, 1770). At the end of this series is
added a letter of condolence to Mr. Digby 's
brother, dated April, 1726, to which the following
foot-note is attached : —
" Mr. Digby died in the year 1726, and is buried in
the church of Sherburne, in Dorsetshire, with an Epitaph
written by the Author."
The letter is too long for " N. & Q.," although
interesting, as it marks the manners and senti-
ments of what has been called the English Augus-
tan age. It is written in Pope's best style — less
laboured, less laudatory than the composition of
the epitaph ; but in both the same genus scribendi
prevails — the exaltation of moral worth. MR.
MAHKLAND justly observes that, "art dc lien
vivre " is the French translation of a good life ;
but this is only another phase of the bene beatcque
vivendi in heathen philosophy. With the excep-
tion of " Vital spark of heavenly flame ! " (an ode
sometimes to be found in the selection of hymns
at the end of the Book of Common Prayer, and
which I have myself heard after a funeral in a
parish church, sung with an accompaniment of
fiddles and flutes) in which the poet has embodied
the apostle's words, "When this mortal shall have
put on immortality," and concludes with the rap-
turous questions —
" 0 Grave ! where is thy victory ?
O Death ! where is thy sting ? "
Here we get a glimpse of Christian sentiment ;
but, in the opening of the Ode, Pope's line,
" Trembling, hoping, ling'ring, flying,
seems a butterfly (Psyche) plagiarism of the
heathen emperor's Address to his Soul,
" Animula, vagula, blandula." — Hadr. Imp. in Spart.
With the exception of this ode, Pope's Worhs^
whether Poetry or Letters, are at best but " Moral
Essays," the frigid religion of the age in which he
lived. For this frigidity (to use no stronger
term) was not confined to the poet's Works, but
appears in the Correspondence of Atterbury, a
series of letters which follows immediately after
the Digby series mentioned above. The last
letter of that series is headed : " The Bishop of
Rochester on the Death of his Daughter." The
composition of this epistle is of a higher order in
style, and the religious tone rather more distinct
than in Pope's letter of condolence at Mr. Digby's
decease ; but still here religion only holds the
second place, as a source of consolation under
God's afflictions : —
"At my age, under my infirmities, among utter
strangers (he was at Montpellier) how shall I find out
proper reliefs and supports? 1 can have none but those
which Reason and Religion furnish me."
This discussion of the incidental question on
morality, involved in ME. MARKLAND'S Query,
has taken me away from the main subject — the
Epitaph. I must not, however, conclude without
endeavouring to fix the date when it was in-
scribed on the marble : certainly not till three
years later than Robert Digby's death, 1726 ; for
his sister, whose virtues are also commemorated
3'd S. II. AUG. 2, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
91
in the epitaph, did not depart this life till 1729.
In a letter (vide Bowles's ed. 1806) to Miss
Blount, Pope gives a very interesting account of
a visit to Sherborne Castle; and particularly
mentions his being at this " cathedral " (i. e. the
abbey church) in which the Digby mausoleum
had been made out of a cemetery chapel, where the
o!d abbots, mouldered into dust, lay buried, and
from which their stone coffins were ejected (1698)
to make room for John Digby, Earl of Bristol.
" A noble monument, one of the finest things in
the cathedral," Pope says, particularly struck his
attention. The earl is standing in his parliamen-
tary robes, holding a coronet in his right hand.
His two wives stand on either side of him: the
first with a burning lamp in her hand, and both
flanked with cupids, holding burning torches.
Now it is on the wall abutting this monument
that Pope's lines, " In Memory of Robert, second
son, and Mary, eldest daughter of William Lord
Digby," are inscribed on a plain marble slab,
surmounted with a fiery urn, the fashionable
symbol of the seventeenth century. May we not,
t hen, reasonably conclude from these facts that, in
liis visit, the epitaph must "have undergone the
scrutiny of the poet's own eye," although modesty
would not permit him to allude to it in his letter ;
and more especially as "A. Pope" is sculptured
beneath the verses ? QUEEN'S GARDENS.
NORTH DEVONSHIRE FOLK LORE.
(3rd S. i. 404.)
There is scarcely a popular tradition that has
not some foundation in fact ; and I think it will
generally be found that the reasoning of our
rustics is so far sound, that it proceeds " from the
known to the unknown." A circumstance occurs,
perhaps, which, to their uninformed minds, ap-
pears difficult of explanation, and they forthwith
invent a story to account for it. The little nu-
cleus of truth soon dilates enormously, losing (by
a well-known law in mental as in natural optics)
in light what it gains in size.
Thus it is not impossible, that the awful story
of Molly Richards may have grown out of the
discovery of the candle-ends in Mar wood church :
such discoveries being by no means unusual,
during the repair and alteration of our ecclesias-
tical structures. A large quantity was found not
many years since at Chessington church, Surrey ;
and the probability is, that they were the remains
of votive and other tapers used before the Re-
formation.
The verse to charm an adder is, I should sup-
pose, Ecclesiastes x. 11.: —
" Surely the serpent will bite without enchantment ;
and a babbler is no better."
The power of curing scrofula by " striking "
the hand over the patient, has been, as your
readers are aware, ascribed to kings ; and MR.
COLLISON will find, by reference to "N. & Q."
(3rd S. i. 313), that the prerogative has been also
assigned to the seventh son of a seventh son, on
the authority of The Tatter. But in the text to
which he refers, the putative operator is a pro-
phet ; and the adoption of the local word striking,
seems to hint that the custom in Devonshire is
derived from Naaman's reference to Elisha.
Without committing myself to all the absurdi-
ties of mesmerism, I am decidedly of opinion that
something of the kind prevailed extensively
among the ancients generally, whilst the strange
pantheistic theology of Egypt, as embodied in her
papyri and mural paintings, seems full of it. I
do not think, moreover, that any one conversant
with the subject will deny the weakening effect
consequent on performing repeated operations in
this art; or that some are much better able to
mesmerise than others, owing chiefly to robust-
ness of constitution, which may be one reason
why a seventh son should be so privileged ; the
developement of one physical stamina being sup-
posed to culminate in this mystic number.
DOUGLAS ALLPORT.
MODERN ASTROLOGY.
(3rd S. i. 481.)
It may .assist T. B. in his efforts to obtain a
history of the men who, within the present cen-
tury, have made a profession of judicial astrology,
if he will peruse the following list of a few of
them, with whose works I am acquainted.
Mr. Worsdale, of Lincoln, author of several
works on astrology, at the commencement of this
century.
Mr. Worsdale, Jun., his son.
Mr. Thomas White, author of The Beauties of
Occult Science investigated (published by Davies,
Aldersgate Street, 1811), who died in prison, a
martyr to his faith in astrology.
Mr. Wilson, author of The Astrological Dic~
tionary, and Tables for making Astrological Com-
putations; about the year 1820.
Mr. Smith, author of The Manual of Astrology,
and The Prophetic Messenger Almanac, about
1820 ; which almanac is still continued.
Dr. Simmonite, author of numerous works on
astrology within the last thirty years.
Mr. Dixon, author of The Spirit of Partridge,
published about 1824 by Davis and Dickson.
Mr. L. B., author of a weekly work named The
Astrologer, and who is a well-known dramatist.
The anonymous author of The Grammar of
Astrology, published in 1834, and which passed
quickly through five editions ; also The Horoscope,
two series, in 1835 and 1841 ; Lilly's Introduction
92
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[8"» S. II. AUG. 2, '
to Astrology, published 1835; The Handbook of
Axtrology, published in 1861 ; Ephemerides of the
Heavenly Bodies yearly, from 1840 to 1864 ; and
Z'idkieFs Legacy, in 1842; and ZadhieFs Tables
for Calcidating Nativities. Who is also the editor
of Zadkier s Almanac, from 1831 to 1862 ; which
sells now about 55,000 copies yearly.
If T. B. wish to refer to any of these works, he
may obtain them of Millard, in Newgate Street.
Perhaps on perusing them, and learning some-
thing of their authors, T. B. may qualify his
accusation as to their being " charlatans." He
may even come to believe with the writer, who
hns studied and practised astrology for thirty-nine
years, that it is not by any means " imposture."
if T. B. will, from any of the above publications,
lourn to " draw a figure," he will then learn that
ho is very ignorant of the object of that operation.
It is nothing more than a map, or representation
of the heavens, at a given time ; and he will see
that the term he uses — "the conjunction of the
planets" — is totally unmeaning; since it is to the
aspects and positions of the planets the astrologer
refers, and not conjunctions only, which are very
rare events. I never before heard of the in-
dividual, of whose operation T. B. informs us ;
and I have no doubt that he was one of those
ignorant men into whose hands astrology has been
chiefly thrown, in consequence of the prejudices
against the science of such otherwise able writers
as T. B.
'It might form a useful ^Query for " N. & Q.,"
since we are often told that astrology has been
11 exploded," as to who are the writers who have
exploded astrology ? It has never fallen to my
lot to discover their works. R. J. M.
ANTIQUITY OF SCOTTISH NEWSPAPERS.
(3rd S. i. 287, 351, 435 ; ii. 38.)
The following cutting, which I happen to have
preserved, is from the Edinburgh Evening Courant ;
and as it may throw some light on the point in
question, I send it for insertion. The date would
appear to be Jan. 2nd, 1861. I thought that the
compiler of the "Age of Newspapers" in The
Standard must have been misled by the similarity
of names, in the instance of the Mercurius Cale-
donius, and Caledonian Mercury, and had there-
fore ascribed to the latter an antiquity to which
it ^ is not entitled. The discrepancy as to the
original founder of the Caledonian Mercury is
striking; but DB. RIMBAULT'S well-known learn-
ing and habits of research are fully able to con-
test the matter in dispute with the Editor of the
Edinburgh Evening Courant and Chalmers, who
describe the founder of that paper as Ruddiman,
and make no mention of Rolland. I have not had
the advantage of being able to refer to the news-
papers themselves — an advantage which I suppose
DR. RIMBAULT and Mr. Andrews have enjoyed.
Chalmers, to whom I referred, was my chief autho-
rity : —
" The Caledonian Mercury appeared yesterday accom-
panied by a fac-simile of the Mercurius Caledonia* of
1660-1, and laid claim, in a long leader, to the honour of
being the oldest member of the Scottish Press. This is a
pure delusion of our contemporary's, — who is no more
descended from that ' Mercurius,' than any present John
Smith from a John Smith then living, to whom his pedi-
gree cannot be carried. The present Mercury, as its pro-
prietors surely know, was founded by the celebrated
Ruddiman in 1720. Now, the great antiquary, George
Chalmers, wrote Ruddiman's Life, and, of course, investi-
gated all these points. We cannot, therefore, do better
than extract from that work, — published in 1794, and
now before us, — a few short passages on this subject : —
"'On the 31st of December 1660, appeared, at Edin-
burgh, MERCURICS CALEDONIUS: Comprising the Affairs
in Agitation, in Scotland, with a Survey of foreign Intelli-
gence. It was a son of the Bishop of Orkney, Thomas
Sydserfe, who now thought he had the wit to amuse, the
knowledge to instruct, and the address to captivate, the
lovers of news, in Scotland. But. he was only able, with
all his powers, to extend his publication to ten number*,
which were very loyal, very illiterate, and very affected.'
" ' In the annals of our literature, and our freedom, it is
a memorable fact, that there was not a newspaper printed
in Scotland, at the aera of the Revolution.'
"'On the 24th of December, 1718, the town-council
gave an exclusive privilege to James M'Ewen, stationer-
burgess, to publish three times a week, The Edinburgh
Evening Courant ; " the said James heing obliged, before
publication, to give ane coppie of his print to the magis-
trates." This paper continues to be published by David
Ramsay, though I am unable to tell, whether he comply
with the original condition, of giving ane coppie of his
print to the present magistrates.
" ' We have, in this manner, been led forward, while
we left Ruddiman engaged in his philological labours, to
the epoch, in his life, of the establishment of the CALE-
DONIAN MERCERY, which he was first to print, and after-
wards to own. The original number of this newspaper
was published, at Edinburgh, on Thursday, April the
28th, in the year 1720.'
"From what Chalmers says, — and we could easily for-
tify it by the authority of living antiquaries, — it is
plain that the present Edinburgh Courant is at least two
years older than the present Caledonian Mercury. It is
not, perhaps, an important point, but since it has boon
started, the truth may aa well be accurately known."
J. MACBAT.
Oxford.
"ROMEO AND JULIET."
(3rd S. i. 363.)
It is impossible not to be struck by the inge-
nuity of MB. LEO'S suggestion ; but, I woulc
remark, that if the " eyes " of which Juliet speak;
are to be referred to the sun, there is no need o
any alteration of the received text, a libert}
always to be avoided as much as possible. Foi
in the Merchant of Venice, Act II. Sc. 6, Lorenzo
S. II. AUG. 2, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
wishinj to point out that the night is fast drawing
to a close, says —
" For the close night doth play the runaway."
Now, if Shakspeare calls night a " runaway " in
reference to approaching day, he may well make
Juliet call day, or the sun, a runaway in reference
to approaching night.
I see, too, by the note in Mr. Charles Knight's
edition that all the old copies read "weep," and
that " wink " is an innovation. It seems to me
that "sleep" would be a much less violent change,
and then the passage would stand, " That run-
a-.vay's eyes may sleep ; " or that the departing
day's "garish eye" may be closed in slumber,
und unable to watch Romeo.
But I confess to have always doubted whether
any metaphor was ever intended here, and whe-
ther " runaways " is not the genitive plural, and
does not allude to mischievous spies. In London
it was common enough formerly, before the esta-
blishment of the police force, for young lads (the
Parisians would call them gamins) to knock at a
street door, or tie a cat or dog to the knocker,
and make their escape after having enjoyed the
astonishment of the servant. These boys were
called "runaways," and the servant would call
their exploit " a runaway's knock." I have been
told that in some country neighbourhoods boys of
:i similar character are fond of spying out sweet-
hearts' assignations, and playing' a very unwel-
come third at their meetings, darting upon them
at the most inopportune moments, and running
away to avoid the vengeance of the disappointed
swain. If such a practice prevailed at Stratford
in Shakspeare's time, he was quite capable of trans-
ferring it to Italy, and of representing Juliet as
fearful that her lover's steps might be watched by
these troublesome urchins and traced to her door.
She hopes, therefore, that the night may be so
dark —
" That runaways' eyes may wink (or sleep), and Romeo,
Leap to these arms, untalk'd of and unseen."
STYLITES.
CARDINAL'S CAP.
(3rd S. ii. 45.)
The red cap was granted to cardinals by Pope
Innocent IV. at the Council of Lyons, A.D. 1245,
and allowed to be borne in their arms at the same
time, as an emblem that they ought to be ready to
shed their blood for the Church ; especially against
the Emperor Frederick II., who had just been
deposed, and his subjects absolved from their alle-
giance by that Pope and Council. Gilbert de
Varennes, however, looking for a less temporary
reason, quotes Gregory of Nyssen to prove that
this colour was the mark of supreme dignity ; and
appeals even to the prophet ISTahum (ii. 3), saying :
" viri exercitus in coccineis" — " the valiant men
are in scarlet." Hence he concludes that " the
royal priesthood " belongs to the cardinals, and
that they are the chief leaders of the church
militant. So their eminences must have the royal
and the martial colours — purple and scarlet.
Upon which Spener quaintly remarks, " that if
the cardinals be the ' royal priesthood,' St. Peter
(I. ii. 5,) did not know what he was talking about,
when he spoke of the ' royal priesthood ' as a dig-
nity common to all Christians, seeing it was due
to the cardinals who were yet unborn."
Until the above Council, only legates a laterc.
had worn the scarlet cap ; and cardinals even,
who were regulars, continued to wear only thu
head-dress of their order until Gregory XIV'.,
in the year in which he died, A.D. 1591, granted
them the red hat.
At first the hat had only three knots, fringes,
or tassels, on each side. Afterwards it had five,
whilst an archbishop's had four, and a bishop's
three ; but for the two latter prelates the colour
was green.
The origin of this hat is traced by Budseus to
the " causia" (from Kaiw, to burn), the white, or,
as some say, purple broad-brimmed hat, worn by
the Macedonians as a protection against the heat,
and by sailors : —
" Facito ut venias ornatus hue oruatu nauclerico,
Causiam habeas ferrugineam, culcitatn ob oculos laneara."
Plaut. Mil. Glor., iv. 4. 42.
This hat and a purple cloak were considered
royal presents among the Macedonians. Cf. also,
Val. Max. v. 1, No. 4.
We may note, with regard to the rest of the
cardinal's costume, that Pope Boniface VIII.,
about A.D. 1299, gave them the purple dress in
imitation of the Roman consuls, who wore it in
their year of office : though others when legates
had worn it, of whom the first noticed was Car-
dinal Pelagius, when ambassador at Constanti-
nople, A.D. 1213. Pope Paul II., A.D. 1464-71,
granted them the episcopal dress : the white silk
mitre and red coif, also the white horse with pur-
ple housings. But the title of " Eminence " was
not given to them until Jan. 10, A.D. 1630, by
Pope Urban VIII. Whereas, before that time,
they were designated as " most illustrious " and
" most reverend." Cf. Macr. Hierolex. ii. 266 ;
Spener, Insign. Theor., i. ii. 67; vi. 316; Gilb.
de Varennes, pp. 4, 584 ; De Vaines, Diet. Di-
plom., i. 227.
The lawn sleeves of our bishops are merely the
sleeves of the rochette, made wider and fuller ;
and more nearly resembling those of the surplice,
except that they are confined at the wrist, than in
mediaeval times. The rochette itself is of very
ancient use in the Western Church ; though the
name, " rochettum " is probably not earlier than
the thirteenth century. The derivation is uncer-
94
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"« S. II. AUG. 2, '62.
tain. Some trace it from tbe late Greek word
fav\lov, or f>ov\ov = rock, in German ; frock, in
English ; rochet, or roquet, in French. (Meursius,
Gloss. Gr&cobarbarum, ed. Lugd. Batav., 1610,
p. 605.) Gavanti asserts that it was a "new-
word" of French origin, and introduced pro-
bably when the Popes were at Avignon, A.D.
1305 — 1377. Ignatius Braccius thought it might
be got from the Hebrew, and meant " a vest fair
to see" (Gavanti, Thes., i. 80, ed. Lugd., 1669).
It was called " linea" in the old " Ordo Romanus."
So it is said of St. Cyprian, "remansit in linea
prope martyrium." Baron. Ann., 261, and St.
Alexander : " Episcopus et martyr sub Antonino
dicitur suscepisse gladium stans in linea" Ado,
MartyroL, 26 Nov. ; cf. also, Palmer's Origines
Liturgicee, ii. 31 8, where there is a brief account
of this vestment ; and a picture is given of a
bishop with rochette and chimere at the end of
the volume. E. A. D.
The Cardinals began to wear, as a privilege,
the red hat at the Council of Lyons, 1245, to
show their readiness to shed their blood for the
liberty of the Church. (Nich. de Corbio, in Vita
Inn,, c. xxiv.) : —
" Per hoc innuens, qnbd in' persecutions fidei et jus-
t iliac, Romana Ecclesia, qute caput eat omnium aliarum,
prae caeteris debet caput apponere, si necesse fuerit, crtien-
tandum." — Nangis.
Innocent IV., in 1244, appears to have directed
the use of the red hat ; and Paul II., in 1464,
granted for use, with sacred vestments, the scarlet
bonnet, " rubrum capitium," which had been the
prerogative of the Pontiff. (See Polydore Yergil,
De Inv. Rer., book iv. c. vi. p. 90, London, 1551.)
The Cardinal's dress is a red sattane, a rochet, a
short purple mantle, and red hat. The form of
appointment consists in the ceremonial of putting
the red bonnet upon the head of the Cardinal by
the Pope, who signs him with the cross, and says
to him — "Esto Cardinalis."
The Bishop's rochet is a fine linen dress,
shorter than the albe, and having properly tighter
sleeves. There is no ancient authority for the
large sleeves at present worn. They seem to have
reached their large dimensions about the time of
Bishop Overall, who appears in voluminous sleeves
in his portrait. The closeness of the sleeve at the
hand, denoted " ne quid non utile faciant." (Bede,
De Tabern., cited by Amalarius, JBibl. Patrum,
lib. x. p. 389.) The rochet was enjoined in public
by the Canon Law : —
" Pontifices in publico et in EcclesiA superindumcntis
lineis omnes utunlur."— Deere/., lib. iii. tit. 1, c. 15.
Erasmus mentions it as something peculiar in
Bishop Fisher, that he left off his rochet in travel-
ling:—
" Decreverat, posito cultu Episcopalis, hoc est, linea
veste qua semper utuntur in Anglia," &c.
The rochet, according to Ducange, is " •
linea cum manicis strictioribus ; " and is define
by Lyndwood to be " sine manicis," being us
for convenience at the ministration of Holy Bap
tism. (Ad Prop. Eccl. Cant., lib. iii. tit. 27.
Bishops on horseback, or a- foot, were to
" camisias albas sive rosettas " by the Council
Bude, 1279, c. 3 ; and Catalani explains " camisia'
as the same with the linen vest, prescribed for
in the city, or church, by the fourth Council
Lateran under Innocent III., A.D. 1213. (Car.
JEpisc., lib. i. c. 1. p. 10).
MACKENZIE E. C. WALCOTT, M.A., F.S.A.
QUOTATIONS, REFERENCES, ETC. (3rd S. i. 449 ;
ii. 13.) —
4. " Saith St. Austin, I dare say that it is profitable
for some men to fall; they grow" more holy by their
slips."
" Audeo dicere, superbis continentibus'expedit cadere,"
&c. — De Divers. Serm. cccliv. cap. ix. torn. v. col. 1378,
ed. Ben. fol. Par. 1679, sqq.
" Audeo dicere, superbis esse utile cadere in aliquod
apertum manifestumque peccatura, unde sibi displiciunt,
qui jam sibi placendo ceciderunt." — De Civ. Dei, xiv. 13.
C. P. E.
WILLIAM GODWIN (3rd S. i. 503.) — Walter
Wilson, in his Dissenting Churches (i. 385), sup-
plies the following particulars : — The father of
John Godwin of Guestwick was Edward Godwin,
who was born at Newbury, 1695 ; was forty years
pastor of a Presbyterian church in Little St.
Helen's, London ; died 21st March, 1764, and was
buried in Bunhill Fields. This gentleman's elder
son, Edward, preached a short time in Mr. White-
field's connexion, but died early. The other son,
John, was educated under Dr. Doddridge ; and
he (not his father) settled at Wisbeach, where he
continued twelve years. He removed in 1758 to
Debenham in Suffolk, and again in 1760 to Guest-
wick in Norfolk, where he died in November,
1772. Both these ministers appear to have been
much and deservedly respected. Wilson states
that Edward Godwin, the son, was " not trained
to the ministry ; " but in Orton's list of Dod-
dridge's pupils (Doddr. Corresp. ed. Humphreys,
v. 548, 550), are " Edward Godwin, Methodist,
1736," and "John Godwin, minister, Wisbeach,
1743."
With deference to G. A. C., I believe that the
affix "Clerk" to a dissenting minister's name,
whether strictly correct or not, was not uncom-
mon in deeds and wills. That the solicitor who
prepared the will of John Godwin was " ignorant
as to the real status of his client " is surely incon-
ceivable. S. W. Rix.
Beccles.
THE TOWN LIBBART OF LEICESTER (3rd S. ii.
5, 50.) — The mayor's feast at which this library
3rd S. II. AUG. 2, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
95
was desecrated, took place in 1793, when several
hundreds of books were removed from their places,
and thrown together in a confused heap. But
this was all of a piece with the character of the
guardianship, when we find it gravely recorded in
the Annals of the Corporation that a certain libra-
rian was "promoted" to be macebearer! Bare-
faced depredations, says Mr. Edwards, were com-
mitted. From a MS. Latin Bible (on vellum)
many leaves were cut out, by and for visitors, and
by way of " keepsakes." The macebearer, it
seems, is succeeded by one Mrs. Dawson, a biblio-
graphical charwoman, who "keeps the place
clean " ! and " understands " the value of the
books !! Shame, shame upon this town council of
Leicester. Alas ! how little did the worthy foun-
ders and donors of these old libraries imagine their
good deeds would be thus rewarded.
Among the original donations to the Leicester
library were the Nuremberg Latin Bible of 1549 ;
Stephanus' Greek Testament of 1550 ; the Eng-
lish Bibles of Tyndale and Cranmer ; the Rheims
New Testament of 1582, &c. Sir Henry Savile's
Chrysostom was given by Sir Thomas Dolman in
1668. Walton's Polyglot Bible was added by
Dr. Lazarus Seamen ; and Archbishop Tenison
gave Castell's Lexicon in 1696. But the treasure
of the library is the famous Codex Leicestrensis of
the Greek Testament, ascribed to the fourteenth
century. It was the bequest of Thomas Hayne,
one of the schoolmasters of Christ's Hospital,
whose portrait hangs over the library door.
Will the worthy librarian who " keeps the place
clean," and looks after the books ! tell me if the
above-named tomes are safe in her custody at the
present time ? EDWABD F. RIMBAULT.
BAEA (2nd S. xii. 194 ; 3rd S. ii. 15.) — The best
explanation that I have seen of the verbs applied
to the creation in the first chapters of Genesis is
given in Aids to Faith, p. 203, by Dr. McCaul,
and is as follows : —
" There are three words used in reference to the pro-
duction of the world, — Sara, he created; yetzar, he
formed ; asalt, he made. The last two may be used of
man ; the first is never predicated of any created being,
angel or man ; but exclusively appropriated to God.
Creation is, therefore, according to the Hebrew, a Divine
Act, something that can be performed by God alone;
and though it does not necessarily imply a creation out of
nothing, it does signify the Divine Production of some-
thing new, of something that did not exist before."
Is not such an explanation of the use of these
terms worthy of a place in " N. & Q." ?
C. S. GEEAVES.
FOEM OF PEAYEE FOE THE DBEADFUL FIBE OF
LONDON (1" S. v. 78 ; 3rd S. i. 388.) — An origi-
nal copy is preserved in Sion College Library.
The title is : —
" A Form of Common Prayer, to be used on Wednesday,
the Tenth day of October next, throughout the whole
Kingdom of England^ and Dominion of Wales, being ap-
pointed by his Majesty a day of Fasting and Humilia-
tion, in consideration of the late dreadful FIRE, which
wasted the greater part of the City of London. Setfortli
by His Majestie's special command. London : Printed by
John Bill and Christopher Barker, Printers to the King's
most excellent Majesty, 1666."
This Form also contained a prayer to be " used
continually so long as the navy is abroad." The
rubric before the litany directs that it, " as it is
here printed, together with the other proper Col-
lects in this Book, shall be used publickly in
Churches, not onely upon the Monthely Fast-days,
but on Wednesday in every Week (and may by
every man be used daily in private Families) dur-
ing the time of this Visitation." The prayers
contain no particular mention either of the city,
or the plague, or the fire.
The 2nd of September, being the day on which
the fire began, was afterwards appointed for the
yearly commemoration ; and the Form of Prayer
was printed in some Oxford editions of the Prayer
Book, between 1681 and 1683. There are five
copies which contain it in the British Museum.
The Form was afterwards revised: Archbishop
Tenison's Imprimatur is dated August the 7th,
1696. An entirely different versicular hymn was
composed, to be usedjnstead of Venite exultemus ;
a Collect was added, making mention of the city,
and praying that it may be preserved from the
rage of fire. One of the Proper Psalms was
changed, and a choice given of First Lesson and
Gospel. In this shape it was inserted in his Latin
Prayer Book by Tho. Parsell, of Merchant Tay-
lors', in 1744. The Form of Prayer appears to
have been issued from time to time by the king's
printers. I have seen a copy printed in 1821 ; and
I have heard that the Form was yearly used in
St. Paul's until it ceased, together with the Forms
of Prayer for the State Holydays, which were dis-
used after the proclamation of the 17th of January,
1859. F. PBOCTEE.
JEBUSALEM CHAMBEB (3rd S. ii. 29.) — Thomas
of Elmhain says that Henry IV. died in the Beth-
lehem Chamber : —
" Mortem regis Henrici IV.
" Ficta prophetia sonuit quam vivus habebat,
Qubd sibi Sancta fuit Terra lucranda cruce.
Improvisa sibi Sacra Terra datur nescius hospes
In Bethlem Camera Westque monasterio."
Compare Eulog. Hist. i. 256-7 ; Polit. Song.i, ii.
122. Capgrave merely gives his dying address to
his eldest son.
MACKENZIE E. C. WALCOTT, M.A., F.S.A.
QUOTATION WANTED (3rd S. i. 249, 415.) —
" Cosi colui del colpo non accorto,
Andava combattendo ed era morto."
These lines are pointed out by a correspondent
(K.) to be in four stanzas, inserted by Berni in
lib. ii. c. xxiv. of his rifacimento of Boiardo's Or-
lando Innamoruto. Ariosto, in the fifteenth canto
96
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[8^ S. II. AUG. 2, '
of the Orlando Furioso, a poem published before
Berni's rifacimento of Boiardo's Innamorato, tells
a similar but more whimsical story of the robber
Orrilo, whose life, protected by enchantment,
could not be destroyed until a particular hair on
his head was shorn or plucked out. Two brothers,
Gryphon and Sacripant, engaged in combat with
him, and first cut off some of his arms and limbs,
which rejoined themselves to the trunk. After-
wards, having cut off his head, they throw it in
the river Nile ; but the body followed, swimming
like a bark on the water to the other side, re-
gained the head, and escaped. The English'.Duke
Astolpho, to whom the secret of the enchantment
of his life had been made known by a friendly
fairy, next engaged him in combat. As in the
former duel, the separated members reunited
themselves ; but Orillo's head having been again
cut off, Astolpho seized it, and while the body
was searching for it in the dust, he gave the spur
to his steed llabican, and galloped over a great
distance of plain. Orillo wished to cry "Stop,
horse — turn ! " but his mouth was away with the
duke. Carried by his swift horse afar, Astolpho
took the head, and looked for the life-depending
hair ; but seeking in vain, with his sword he shore
off the whole locks; on which the countenance
paled, the eyes turned up, and death came on
the head and body. This and other similar agree-
able extravagances have led Berni's lines to have
been ascribed to Ariosto. I hope K. is mistaken
in supposing Italian literature to be little culti-
vated in England. W. W. F.
Kirkwall.
NUMEROUS EDITIONS or BOOKS (3rd S. i. 486.)
The first part of the Query — the largest number of
editions any one work has passed through, extended
to translations, opens a wide and interesting field.
The Bible and Homer are the two books most
multiplied in editions and translations. I have
heard 25,000 editions assigned to the former, but I
d;> not know on what authority. It may be men-
tioned as analogous to this subject, that Professor
Marsand of Padua collected a Biblioteca Pe-
trarchesca, a Petrarchian library, consisting of 900
volumes, illustrative of the life of the Italian poet
Francis Petrarch. A catalogue was published at
Milan, but the collection was purchased in 1829
for the private library of the King of France in
the Louvre. ( Vide Preface to Campbell's Life of
Petrarch.) W. W. F.
Kirkwall.
" Regimen Sanitatis Salernilanum, a Poem on the Pre-
servation of Health, in rhyming Latin Verse, addressed
by the School of Salerno to Robert of Normandy, son of
William the Conqueror; with an ancient Translation,
and an Introduction and Notes by Sir Alexander Croke,
D.C.L. and F.A.S." Oxford, Talboys, 1830. Small 8vo.
The Editor mentions in his Preface, that up-
wards of one hundred and sixty editions had been
published of this poem, and gives a catalogue
the printed editions, from which it app;
no less than nineteen editions of the poem,
four German translations, were published hefo
the year 1500, and eighteen between that
and 1520.
The Saturday Review for April 19 of the
sent year, p. 436, in an article headed "
Cradle of Fine Writing," criticises the 235th
tion of Butter's Spelling-Book, of which the fir
edition^seems to have been published in 1829.
OMEGJ
The case of Dr. Buchan and his eighteen
tions sinks into insignificance by that of
highly venerated and now venerable Vicar
Hursley. Mr. Keble has already lived to
that beautiful collection of church poetry,
Christian Year, pass through seventy-one editiot
and I am sure all will join with me in hoping
may be spared to see many more. Has any ot
author been similarly honoured ? J. A. Pi
NEW EDITION OF VOLTAIRE (3ra S. i. 185.)
Many years ago when at sea on a voyage I
an English translation of Voltaire's Candide
Cooke's Pocket Edition of English Authors, pul
lished at the end of the last century. On rea "
afterwards Candide in the original French, I
the feeling there was some omission, which ws
cleared up to me when I saw the second part
Candide published by M. Plon of Paris. T
second part is contained in Cooke's edition, whict
I have just now seen ; but there is this difference,
the English translation contains some few detail
omitted in the present French edition. The
second part is not equal to the first, but if not
written by Voltaire, is a fair imitation, and plea-
sant reading. W. W. F.
Kirkwall.
BLUB AND BUFF^ (3rd S. ii. 34.)— If CUTHBERT
BEDE will reperuse the passages which he has
cited, he will perceive that they afford no evi-
dence of the use of the combination of blue and
buff, as a party badge. On the contrary, they
prove that in the election-contests for Exeter,
from 1737 to 1770, blue was the colour of the
Tory, and yellow, or buff, of the Whig party. L.
CHURCH USED BY CHURCHMEN AND ROMAN
CATHOLICS (3rd S. i. 427 ; ii. 56.) — I 'add the
following statement without remark, beyond cita-
tion of authority, namely, " Mapledurham," Skel-
ton's Oxfordshire, 1823. Langtree Hundred, p. 3 :
"A considerable portion of the inhabitants of this vil-
lage, as well as the present and preceding lords of tb
estate, being of the Roman Church, retain the privily
of burying their dead according to their usual forms
burial; upon which occasions, those ceremonies are
this day performed in the church."
LANCASTBIENSIS.
2«iS.II. AUG. 2, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
97
QUOTATIONS (3rd S. ii. 30, 47.) —
The proverbial verse in question is derived
from the following passage of the Telephus of
Euripides : —
Aaxes, Ketvijv K0ff/j.ft,
Tas Se Mincvji/as f^fts *5tcc.'
Ap. Stob. Anth. xxxix. 10. Fragin. 23, ed. Din-
dorf.
It appears to be an extract from a speech of
Agamemnon to Menelaus, who were represented
as quarrelling. See Wagner, Poet. Gr. Trag.
Fragin, vol. ii. p. 359. L.
" Through the ages one increasing purposejuns," &c.
from Tennyson's Locksley Hall.
" I held it truth with him who sings1
To one clear harp in divers tones,
That men may rise on stepping-stones
Of their dead selves to higher things."
I would refer K. to a poem of Longfellow's,
entitled The Ladder of St. Augustine, where he
will find Tennyson's idea expressed. I give the
first two stanzas : —
" Saint Augustine ! well hast thou said,
That of our vices we can frame
A ladder, if we will but tread
Beneath our feet each deed of shame !
" All common things — each day's events,
That with the hour begin and end ;
Our pleasures and our discontents,
Are rounds by which we may ascend."
But I am rather inclined to think that Tenny-
son, by " him who sings to one clear harp in divers
tones'" meant to point to Coleridge, who, in a
poem called Religious Musings, has the following
lines : —
" And blest are they
Who, in this fleshly world, the elect of Heaven,
Their strong eye darting through the deeds of men,
Adore with stedfast, unpresuming gaze
Him, Nature's essence, mind and energy !
And gazing, trembling, patiently ascend,
Treading beneath their feet all visible things,
As steps that upwards to their Father's throne
Lead gradual."
" See the strange working of dull Melancholy!
Whose drossy thoughts, drying the feeble brain,
Corrupts the sense, deludes the intellect,
And in the soul's fair table falsely graves
Whole squadrons of phantastical chimeras."
The above lines are to be found in Act I.
Scene 7, of an anonymous play, called Lingua ; or
(he Combat of the Tongue and the Five Senses for
Superiority. This play has been ascribed by
some writers to Anthony Brewer, a dramatic
writer of the reign of James I., of whom Chal-
mers says, " there are many disputes as to his
works, and no information concerning his life."
The play entitled "Lingua" is contained in the
fifth volume of Dodsley's Select Collection of Old
Plays.
Dublin.
TOADS IN ROCKS (3rd S. i. 389, 478 ; ii. 55.) —
I can inform MR. ALLFORT that I saw in the
Exhibition, about a month since, a toad, ap-
parently in a torpid state, imbedded in a cavity
in a large block of stone. It was in the open air,
and near some gigantic specimens of coal.
HENRY MOODY.
Nottingham.
ESTHER INGLIS : SAMUEL KELLO (3rd S. ii.
46.) — Amongst the MSS. in the Great National
Library at Copenhagen is —
" The Booke of the Psalme of David in prose, written be
Esther Inglis, in the fiftie-thre yeere of hir age, at Eden-
brovgh the v March, 1624."— Retr. Rev., SrdSer. ii. 408.
Her son, Samuel Kello, Rector of Spexhall in
Suffolk, is said to have been educated at Christ-
church, Oxford (Proc. Soc. Antiq., 2nd Ser. i.
321). I cannot gainsay this statement; but one
of the name, an alumnus of the University of
Edinburgh, is author of Carmen Gratulatorium ad
Jac. VI., Edinb., 4to, 1617 ; and also contributed
a short Latin poem to The Muses' Welcome.
(Nichols's Prog. Ja. /., iii. 324, 386.)
It would seem that Samuel Kello was ejected
from the rectory of Spexhall in the Great Rebel-
lion. (Walker's Sufferings, ii. 289.)
C. H. COOPER.
Cambridge.
JOHN HlNCHCLIFFE, OR HlNCHLIFFE, D.D.,
BISHOP OF PETERBOROUGH (3rd S. ii. 46.) — He
was born in 1731, at Westminster ; admitted on
the foundation there, 1746; elected thence to
Trinity College, Cambridge, 1750, where he was
admitted a scholar 1751 ; took the degree of B.A.
1754, and was chosen a Fellow of his College in
1755. In 1757, he commenced M.A. ; and March
8, 1764, was elected Head Master of Westminster
School, which place he resigned in June following.
In July the same year, he was created D.D. The
Duke of Grafton conferred on him the vicarage
of Greenwich in 1766 ; and the same ministerial
interest got him appointed chaplain in ordinary
to the King, by whom he was promoted to the
Mastership of Trinity College, Cambridge, in
1768, and in that year was chosen Vice-chancellor
of the University. On obtaining the Mastership
of Trinity College, he resigned Greenwich. In
1769, he was consecrated Bishop of Peterborough ;
and in 1788, was promoted to the deanery of
Durham, which he held in commendam with his
bishoprick, instead of the Mastership of Trinity
College. He died at his palace, in Peterborough,
Jan. 11, 1794. His father, Joseph Hinchclifie,
kept a livery stable in Swallow Street. The
Bishop married the sister of Lord Crewe, who
had been under him at Westminster School, and
left two sons and three daughters. See Gentle-
man's Magazine ; Nichols's Literary Anecdotes ;
and Welcb i's Alumni Westmonasterienses.
Dublin.
98
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'1 S. II. AUG. 2,
John Hinchliffe (or Hinchcliffe, as I believe it
to be sometimes erroneously written) of Trin. Col.
Cambridge, D.D., Bishop of Peterborough, 1 769,
appears from Cole's MS. 5846, fo. C8, to have
been born in Swallow Street, Piccadilly, in 1731,
and died in 1 794. Although I suspect him to have
been the son of the John Hinchcliffe mentioned by
your correspondent as M.D., I have no proof of
his parentage, male issue, or place of burial ; but
can assert from an authentic source, his marriage
with Elizabeth, the second daughter of John
Crewe, of Crewe Hall, Cheshire, and sister of
John, the first Lord Crewe, by whom his eldest
daughter Emma became the wife in 179o of
Thomas Duncombe, Esq., of Copgrove, in York-
shire, and the mother (amongst others) of the
late Thomas Slingsby Duncombe, Esq., M.P.
She died in 1 840.
The arms borne by this prelate, Or, a wyvern,
between three fleur-de-lis vert, assigned to Hinch-
liffe of London, though it is beyond a doubt that
the family derived their descent from Yorkshire,
are mentioned in Warburton's London and Mid-
dlesex Illustrated, ed. 1749, as the right of Do-
rothy, only daughter and sole heir of Thomas
Hinchliff of Saint Bride's parish, London, mer-
chant, by Frances, his wife, daughter of Sir
Michael Wentworth of Wooley, in the county of
York, Knight. Did Dorothy marry ? and what
relation was Thomas to the Johns.
H. G.
A good account of John Hinchliffe, Bishop of
Peterborough and Master of Trinity College, Cam-
bridge, and his family is given in —
" Barthomley ; in Letters from a former Rector to his
Eldest Son. By the Rev. Edward Hinchliffe, Rector of
Mucklestone, and Domestic Chaplain to the Earl of Lis-
burne." Lond. 8vo, 1856.
A very able and interesting work.
C. H. & THOMPSON COOPER.
Cambridge.
CURIOUS COINCIDENCE : " SCRATCHING LIKE A
HEN " (3rd S. i. 345.) — DEFNIEI. exhibits from
Plautus " gallina scripsit," as an old term for bad
writing. He will find, in the Dublin University
Magazine for May, the poet Waller's handwriting
described in nearly similar terms from Aubrey's
Letters : " He writes a lamentable hand, as bad
as the scratching of a hen." D.
ERASMUS ANDULRIC HUTTBN (3rd S. i. 289.) —
Bailey's Erasmus is a very common book, con-
taining a translation of the " Colloquies."
The Pilgrimage to Walsingham was very re-
cently put out by Mr. J. G. Nichols.
A translation of a few of the Epistolce Obscu-
rorum Virorum is given in the 40th volume of the
Foreign Quarterly, if I recollect aright ; and some
papers were contributed to the Gentleman's Ma-
gazine by Dr. Doran, between 1842 and 1852,
Ulric Hiitten and his writings.
I write in a country parsonage, away fr
large libraries of reference, which must exci
want of precision. The facts may be relied on.
LATIMER = LATINER (3rd S. i. 44.) — This ns
was first given to Wrenock ap Merrick, a learne
Welshman, who acted as interpreter between
Welsh and English in the old fighting days,
not the office, as in Eastern countries, the nai.
of it at least, became hereditary in his family. I
will avail myself of this opportunity to ask of any of
your learned correspondents the derivation of the
German word for interpreter — Dolmetscherf It
is almost the only German word that does not
convey its own meaning with it ; and though
many derivations are assigned — one of which
would make it equivalent to " talk-mixer" — I
have seen none that is satisfactory. J. DORAN.
JOAN or ARC (3rd S. i. 46.)— The legend re-
specting the substitution of another person at the
stake, and the subsequent marriage of the Maid
to Robert des Hermoises, has been treated by
M. Octave Delepierre, the learned Belgian
Consul in England, in a volume (Doute His-
torique'), privately printed. If G. E. should find
access to that work difficult, I would refer him
to the Athenaeum for September 15, 1855, where
there is a complete analysis of the story, from
which it appears that more than two centuries
after the alleged execution of Joan, namely in
1645, Father vignier found documents among the
archives at Metz, which spoke to the presence and
recognition of Joan in that city, five years after
her alleged execution. The Father was then a
guest of a descendant of Robert des Hermoises, in
whose muniment chest he discovered the marriage-
contract of Robert and Joan. The matter was
forgotten, when in 1740, documents were found
at Orleans which recorded, among other things,
a gratuity made to Joan in 1439, " for services
rendered by her at the siege of the same city,
210 livres." The tradition has many singular
points, and is full of a delightful uncertainty.
J. DORAN.
HYMN AT EPWORTH (3rd S. i. 497 ; ii. 53.) —
I related the story from memory, and have not
seen for several years Adam Clarke's book, which
I believe contains it.
The version of the Psalms in use at the time to
which it refers was Sternhold and Hopkins, in
which Psalm cii. 6, is rendered : —
" And as an owl in desert is,
Lo, I am such a one."
These lines, I suppose, are the foundation of
the story, if it has any. I quoted it as I have
always heard it. It certainly loses much of its
S. IL AUG. 2, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
99
point when the " ivy bush " and the " rueful
thing" disappear.
Jon J. BARDWELL WORKARD, M.A.
FABER v. SMITH (2nd S. viii. 87.)— MR. JOHN
TALBOT inquires whether the English surname
Fuber is not an attempt to struggle out of Smith,
l>v turning it into Latin. It seems to me much
niore probable that the English Faber should
have been derived from the French Fabre, or
Favre, common names in France. Lefevre is
another form of the same name. L.
MESS (3rd S. ii. 53.) — Is not this word derived
from the Italian commesso, any person who boards
with another ? Cormon & Manni's Dictionary gives
i his explanation : " Comme.tso, Pensionaire, celui
qui paie pension pour Stre nourri." The word is
chiefly used by seamen, and probably brought by
them from the Mediterranean, as many other sea
terms have been. Thus " Avast, avast! " is the
Italian Basta, basta ! " Enough, enough ! "
A. A.
Poets' Corner.
DUDLEY OF WESTMORELAND (3rd S. ii. 46.) —
In answer to F. S. G.'s inquiry as to the issue of
Thomas Dudley who married the daughter of Sir
Lancelot Threlkeld, I have much pleasure in fur-
nishing him with the following, which is extracted
from a recent book entitled The Sutton Dudleys
of England, by George Adlard, Esq., of New
York : —
Thomas Dudley, younger son of Edmund
Dudley, and half-brother of Edward second Lord
Dudley, married Grace (not Sarah) daughter
and co-heir of Lancelot Threlkeld, or Thirlkeld,
Knight of Threlkeld, Cumberland, and had the
manor of Yeanwith by his marriage.
Their issue was as follows : —
1st. Eichard Dudley, who married Dorothy,
daughter of Edmund Sandford of Askham.
2nd. John (not Thomas) Dudley of Stoke
Newington, who died Dec. 29, 1580, and was
buried in the church of St. Mary, Stoke Newing-
ton. He married Elizabeth, daughter of John
Gardiner of Grove, Bucks, who was afterwards
married to Thomas Sutton of Charterhouse.
3rd. Thomas Dudley, steward to Robert Dud-
ley, Earl of Leicester.
4th. Lucy, who was married to Albany Fether-
stone of Cumberland.
5th. Winifred, who ;was married to Anthony
Blenco, of Blenco.
Gth. Elizabeth, married to John Allen of
Tiiackstead, Essex. . ALFRED B. ADLARD.
Islington.
CORBY, NORTHAMPTONSHIRE (3rd S. ii. 49.) — I
make no doubt but, that the cross alluded to in the
ensigns of this town, and termed a " Corby Cross,"
was the heraldic cross patonce (or flory) as borne
in the arms of Latimer, the antient lords thereof
temp. Edward I. Their coat armour was " Gules,
a cross flory or," in other instances, called a Laty-
mer's Cross, and I believe is so borne at this
present time on the sleeve or badge of some
scholars at Hammersmith, Middlesex, belonging
to a foundation, by one of that. name. H. G.
NEVISON THE FREEBOOTER (3rd S. i. 428 ; ii.
16, 52.) — It may not assist the inquiry, but
it is perhaps worth while to call the attention of
EBORACUM to a History of Thirsk, by J. B. Jef-
ferson, published in 1821. The following men-
tion is made of Nevison : —
" About half-way between Thirsk and Upsal stands a
house, which has long been known by the name of Nevi-
son Hall, said to have been the occasional residence of a
man, about a century and a half ago, who was very cele-
brated in his way. Though William Nevison was born
at Pontefract, we cannot call him an ' honest Yorkshire-
man.' He was, in fact, the most notorious robber and
highwayman of the age in which he lived. His various
exploits have been recorded in tne calendars of different
gaols in the kingdom. A pamphlet, printed at York, a
few years ago, records his life and adventures, till they
were terminated by the due reward of his deeds .... on
the gallows at York."
I remember the pamphlet alluded to, and should
think that EBORACUM will be able to trace it by
applying to some of the booksellers at York. I
remember having a copy offered to me, I think in
York, with the last dying speech, &c. of Nevison,
for 30.?. This professed to give some account of
his birth, life, and exploits. T. B.
EXECUTION OF SIR EVERARD DIGBY (3rd S. i.
506.) — The following is from a letter in The
Evening Standard of July 10, 1862, by one who
professes to have been an eye-witness of the exe-
cution of Taeping prisoners by the Imperialists.
Perhaps some medical reader of " N. & Q." will
give an opinion on the possibility of the matters
related.
" Amongst those wretches were young and old, of both
sexes, and of all ages and sizes : from the infant recently
born, to the man of eight}' tottering on his staff; from
the enceinte woman, to the young maiden from ten to
eighteen. The latter were pushed out by the guards
among the crowd of ruffians assembled ; and were taken
into sheds and by- places and debauched, and again drag-
ged back by the hair of the head to the Chinese guards,
to await their turn for execution. Some of them had
fainted, and were pulled along the ground to the execu-
tioners ; who threw them on their backs, tore off their
clothes, and ripped them from the lower part of the ab-
domen to their breasts, which were cut off, and dashed
with a curse in their faces. The bowels, as a matter of
course, gushed out ; but the cut was made in such a way,
and so skilfully and with such expertness, that the in-
testines were seldom injured. After a little time in this
state of excessive torture, the executioner thrust his hand
into the chest and tore out the reeking heart, his victim look-
ing him in the face all the while. A young female, ap-
parently about eight months pregnant, who never uttered
a groan or sigh at all the previous cruelties she had en-
dured from the surrounding mob, had her infant cut out
100
NOTES AND QUEKIES.
II. Auo. 2,
of her womb, and held up in her sight by one of its little
hands, bleeding and quivering ; when, at the sight, she
gave one heart-rending piercing screech that would have
awakened pity in a tiger ; and after it bad been in that
state dashed on her breast, she, with a last superhuman
effort, released her arms from those holding her down,
and clasped her infant to her bleeding heart and died;
holding it there with such force, that they could not be sepa-
rated, and teere thus thrown together on the pile of other
carcases."
FlTZHOPKINS.
Garrick Club.
PLURALITY OP BENEFICES (3rd S. i. 428, 478.)
It is passing strange that anyone could for a
moment suppose that any clergyman of the Church
of England ever held twenty or more livings at
the same time. Williams, as everyone at all ac-
quainted with the principality knows, is one of
the most common names in Wales ; and I can
reckon six Reverend William Williams within
the circle of my own acquaintance now living.
Of the list of twenty- one benefices given at
p. 478 as held by a person of the name, I can
speak confidently of six of them as having in
1822 been held by four different persons, and the
remainder most probably were in the possession
of ten or a dozen more. One of these may have
died in 1825, and a reference to the Clerical
Guide for the following year would probably
show of which of the livings the deceased had been
the incumbent. VIGIXARIUS.
ALAN DE GALLOWAY (3rd S. ii. 7.) — Alan, Lord
of Galloway, was son of lloland, Lord of Gallo-
way, by Helen, daughter and heiress of Richard
de Morville, grandson of Uchtred, and great
grandson of Fergus, Lord of Galway. He mar-
ried Margaret, eldest daughter and co-heir of
David, Earl of Huntingdon ; and died A.D. 1233,
leaving three daughters and co-heirs (his only son
Thomas having died *. />.) : —
1. Divorgal, wife of John Balliol, and mother
of John Balliol, King of Scotland.
2. Helen, wife of Roger de Quincy.
3. Christiana, wife of Wm. de Fortibus, Earl
of Albemarle, died s. p. H. S. G.
MESTLING (3rd S. i. 34.) — Most of the old dic-
tionaries describe this as bolymong, or bolmong,
i. e., mixed corn of wheat and rye sown together,
from which an inferior bread was made. The
word is often found in monastic records, and it is
said such grain was sown to feed the vassals of
the monastery. The mestling-pot mentioned was,
probably, that in which the grain was boiled to
make that favourite food of our ancestors, fur-
mety. A. A.
Poets' Corner.
EPITAPH ON DURANDUS (3rd S. i. 380, &c.)— It
never was supposed that this was a genuine epi-
taph ; it is traditionally cited as a satire on him
after his death by a controversial opponent. " The
most resolute Doctor," as he was styled, wai a
keen champion in the scholastic disputes •
times, and dealt heavy blows to his adversaries.
Can any readers of " N. & Q." inform us who this
opponent was, who seems not to have been able
to forgive even when the grave had parted them ?
A. A.
Poets' Corner.
CHURCHES DEDICATED TO THE HOLY GHOST
(3rd S. ii. 45.) — .The sacristy, or chapel, between
the south-transept tower and the chapter-house
of Exeter Cathedral, is dedicated to the Holy
Ghost.
MACKENZIE E. C. WALCOTT, M.A., F.S.A.
"MY BOOK" (3rd S. ii. 46.) — In answer to
ZETA, asking " Who was the author of My Uovk,
Liverpool, 1821 ?" I beg leave to state he is John
Hamilton Parr, a gentleman resident in Liver-
pool, and highly esteemed there, and wherever
known, for high character and genial disposition.
He is author, among other things, of a well-known
ballad, set to music, called " Diamond cut Dia-
mond," written in the Yorkshire dialect. The
signature, " Aaron Philomirth," is an anagram of
his name. B.
ffiistttttmcavut.
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LORD LYTTK.TON'S interesting communication respecting the death of
Thomas Lord Lyttclton is unavoidably postponed until next week.
We are also obliged to postpone Notes on Lowndes, No. 1 1 Mr. Peter
Cunningham'* Accession of Henry VI.s Dr. Johnson at Oxford; Statis-
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our usual Notes on Books.
We must bring this discussion to a
DR. JOHNSON ON PUNNINO.
close.
COILA must apply to some American bookseller for a copy o/Robert
Burns, as a Poet and a Man, by K. Tyler. It vxu published by Wiley of
tfeic York in 1849.
REV. S. F. CRESWEU. will lie glad of any references to the custom Of
female» in country places carrying their books to church in a uthit-
napkin. The usage has been incidentally alluded to somewhere in
" N. & Q."
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NOTES : — Burke and Beaconsflcld — Turner and Lawrence.
MINOR NOTES: — Edftar of Polland — Book Inscription —
Potatoes, Introduction of— Lists of Names Rubricated—
Sow and Pigs of Metal.
QUERIES: — The "Name of Jesus" — Nullification —
A-kimbo — Anonymous — Beranger*s Views of Ruins,
Co. Dublin — Chess Legend — Cruelty to Animals — John
Diamond the Calculator — Disinterested Generosity and
Moral Delinquency — Fox and Lord North — " General
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Byron.
REPLIES: — Pope's Epitaph on the Digbys — North
Devonshire Polk Lore — Modern Astrology — Antiquity
of Scottish Newspapers — " Romeo and Juliet " — Car-
dinal's Cap — Quotations, References, &c. — William God-
win — The Town Library of Leicester — Bara — Form
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Books — New Edition of Voltaire — Blue and Buff —
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July 28, 1862.
NOW READY, PRICK SIX SHILLINGS.
SERMONS
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CONTENTS :
XI. Sins of the Tongue.
XII. Youth and Age.
XIII. Chri-t our Kcst.
XIV. The Slavery of Sin.
XV. The Sleep of Death.
XVI. David's Sin our Warninc.
XVII. The Story of fit. John.
XVIII. The Worship ot the Sera-
phim.
I. The Way to be happy.
II. The Woman taken in
Adultery.
III. The Two Records of Crea-
tion.
IV. The Fall and the Repent-
once of Peter.
V. The Good Daughter.
VI. The Convenient Season.
VII. The Death of the Martyrs.
VIII. God is Love.
IX. St. Paul's Thorn in the
Flesh.
X. Evil Thought!.
XIX. Joseph an Example to tho
Young.
XX. Home Religion.
XXI. The Latin Service of the
Romish Church.
" Mr. Secretan is a pains-taking writ- r of practical theology. Called
to minister to an intelligent middle-class London congregation, he has
to avoid the temptation to appear abstrusely intellectual, — a great error
with many London preachers,— anil at the same time to rise above the
strictly plain sermon required by an unlettered flock In the country.
He has nit the mean with complete success, and produced a volume
which will be readily bought by those who are in search of sermons for
family reading. Out of twenty-one discourses it Is almost impossible
to give an extract which would show the quality of the rest, but while
we commend them as a whole, we desire to mention with especial re-
spect one on the ' Two Records of Creation,' in which the rexata
quffttio of ' Geology and Genesis ' is stated with creat perspicuity and
faithfulness; another on ' Home Religion.' in which the duty of the
Christian to labour for the salvation of his relatives and friends is
strongly enforced, and one on the ' Latin Service in the Romish Church,"
which though an argumentative cermon on a point of' controversy, is
perfectly free from a controversial spirit, and treats the subject witli
great fairness and ability."— Literary Churchman.
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our readers. It is characterised by a liberality nnd breadth of thought
which might be copied with advantage by many of the author's bre-
thren, while the language is ncrvou-, racy Saxon. In Mr. Sccretan't
sermons there are genuine touches of feeling and pathos which are im-
pressive and affecting ; — notably in those on '(the «Vonmn taken In
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contribution to sterling English literature, Mr. Secre.au'> sermons are
worthy of our commendation."— Globe.
London: BELL & DALDY, 186, Fleet Street, E.G.
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Dinneford's Pure Fluid Magnesia
Has been, during twenty-five years, emphatically sanctioned by the
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NOTES AND QUERIES.
101
LONDON, SATURDAY, AUGUST 9, 1862.
CONTENTS.— N°. 32.
NOTES:— Record Commission Publications, 101— Lowndes's
Bibliographer's Manual : Notes on the New Edition, No. II.
102 — Christmas Carol, 103.
MINOR NOTES : — Gladstone, Shirley, G. Herbert— Charles-
ton Memoranda— Table-turning Fifteen Hundred Years
ago, 103.
QUERIES: — Anonymous — "The Belfast Magazine" —
Captain Calcraft — A Churchwarden's Answers — Great
Scientific Teacher— Hanclasyde or Handyside — Adm. Sir
Robert Holmes — Kingstown, Co. Dublin — Lawrence —
Marauder — Naval Uniform — Noel, a Painter — " Poems
by Anglo-Indian " — Quotations, References, &c. — The
Earl of Suffolk's Fool — A Wrestler, 104.
QUERIES WITH ANSWERS : — Pilgrims exempted from Tolls
— Fish Crawford — H. Scudder — Quotation Wanted —
Bobs and Buttercups — Holman Hunt's " Light of the
World " — Warriston MSS., 106.
REPLIES : — A Bird the Prelude of Death, 107 — De Costa,
the Waterloo Guide : Anecdote of Wellington, 108 — Dr.
Johnston at Oxford, 109 — After Meat .Mustard, Ib. — Sta-
tistics of Premature Interments, 110— Refugees in Hol-
land, 111 — " The Impertinent," Ib. —William Strode —
Cruelty to Animals — Coverdale's Bible — Durnfprd Family
— The Climate of England— "And your Petitioner shall
ever pray " — Slavery — Recovery from Apparent Death —
The Organ at Allhallows, Barking — Pegler the Artist —
The Name of Jesus — St. Luke : Simile of a Woman to the
Moon — White-head Family — Literature of Lunatics —
Fact for Geologists — Correct Armory — Treble — Rabbit
— Wigs — Quotation — Soul- Food — Potter and Lumley
Families — Passage in Bacon — Sydserff — Anonymous
Works — Beelzebub's Letter — Walkinshaw Family —
Peerage of 1720 — Caxton, Pinson, &c. — The Finger-Burn-
ing Chaplain of Coventry — A-Kimbo, &c., 112.
Notes on Books, &c.
fiatrt.
RECORD COMMISSION PUBLICATIONS.
I will feel greatly obliged to any reader of
"N. &. Q." who could kindly inform me what
became of the printed copies of the following Re-
cord Commission Publications, any of which I am
most anxious to procure a sight, of even for a few
days. I am aware that they are not to be pro-
cured through the ordinary channels, and having
on more than one occasion, when placed in diffi-
culty under similar circumstances, received valu-
able aid through " N. & Q.," I am emboldened to
transmit the present jotting from my notes : —
1. The Appendices which were printed for Mr.
Charles Purton Cooper's intended Report on a new
edition of the Fcedera. These were known as
Appendices A, B, C, D, and E. A copy of Ap-
pendix A. ami its supplement is in the library of
the Dublin University (Gal. G. 12, 27), presented
I believe by Mr. C. P. Cooper. The other Ap-
pendices I have never seen.
Appendix A. is an octavo volume of 259 pages,
with Supplement (116 pages), and plates; and
contains much that is most valuable from manu-
scripts in various Continental libraries, but little
known in this country.
Appendix B. consists of transcripts and fac-
similes of various Anglo-Saxon MSS. found on
the Continent.
Appendix C. consists of documents principally
preserved in the Archives of Hamburgh.
Appendix D. contains the result of researches
made in France.
Appendix E. contains a chronological catalogue
of materials transcribed for a new edition of the
Fcedera.
I have merely indicated the nature of the con-
tents of these volumes, referring those who feel an
interest in the subject to the sale catalogue of
that portion of Mr. C. P. Cooper's library, which
was sold by Messrs. Sotheby and Wilkinson in
July, 1857, where they are noticed at some length.
Before finally dismissing these Appendices, I
wish to refer to two recent sale catalogues, entries
in which apparently refer to them. In December,
1861, the books of the late Rev. Joseph Hunter,
F.S.A., were sold by Messrs. Sotheby and Wilkin-
son. At p. 65 I find Lot 820 entered as —
"Rymeri Fcedera. List of Transcripts from Charters,
Early Saxon Manuscripts, &c., obtained from the Tresor
de Chartes, Archives de France, &c., to enrich the New
Edition edited by Caley, Houlbrook, and Clarke. Not
published. 4 vols."
Were these volumes any of the Appendices, and
what did they sell for ? A similar Query may be
asked respecting the following entry in the sale
catalogue of the library of the late Sir Francis
Palgrave (Sotheby and Wilkinson, May, 1862): —
" 2024. Appendices to Mr. Cooper's Report and Chro-
nological Catalogue of the Materials transcribed for a
New Edition of the Feeders. 7 vols. ; fac-similes, no title-
pages, and vol. vii. ending abruptly at p. 160."
How far was the Commissioners' edition of Ry-
mer's Fcedera printed ? The latest date I am
acquainted with printed under their direction is
the 6th of Richard II., and even this I have not
been able to procure an examination of.
2. The Proceedings of His Majesty's Commis-
sioners of the Public Records of the Kingdom,
June, 1832; August, 1833. Edited by C. P.
Cooper. I believe no second volume appeared,
though one printed in 1844 under the care of Mr.
Henry Cole, may be regarded in some measure, I
am informed, as supplementary to this volume.
Do any of the " Agenda," "Notes of Business" of
a later date than Aug. 1833 (and therefore not
included in this volume), remain extant ; and if
BO, to what date do they reach ?
3. Where will I see the Report made to the
Lords of the Treasury in March, 1831, by which
the then printed Liber Munerum Publicorum Hi-
bernite was condemned ? I have the Supplemen-
tary Statement of Mr. Lascelles, drawn up under
Permission of the Chancellor, and addressed in
Feb. 1820 to his Excellency Lord Baron Manners,
&c. &c., and I am curious to know where I will
see a copy of the original statement to which this
refers, and other papers in reference to his work
as a Sub-Commissioner of Records.
102
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. Auo. 9,
„.
I hail intended making a few remarks on other
unpublished productions of the late Record Com-
missioners, but am unwilling to occupy more
space. I would however suggest that some one
•who is in possession of sufficient information would
give, through the medium of "N. & Q" a com-
plete list of the unpublished and unfinished works
of the late Record Commissioners, and where
practicable, give a clue as to the fate of the exist-
ing sheets, which are probably lying stored up in
some musty warehouse, if not already consigned
to the waste-paper merchant, from whose custody
I have rescued more than one such curiosity.
It may not be thought desirable to complete
unfinished works, yet sets of all the portions in
print might be given to our public libraries, and so
far as the copies in store would extend, sold at a
moderate price to the few students who take an
interest in their fate. AIKEN IRVINE.
Fivemiletown.
LOWNDES'S BIBLIOGRAPHER'S MANUAL.
NOTES ON THE NEW EDITIOX.
(Continued from 3rd S. ii. p. 5.)
No. II.
B. A., The Fame of the Faithful, Lond. T. Marsh,
1578. 12°.
Omitted. A copy is at Lambeth.
.B. G., A most Wicked Work of a Wretched
Witch, wrought on Richard Burt, Lond. by
11. B. for WfBarley, 1592. 4°.
Omitted. A copy is at Lambeth.
B. H., Moriemini: A Sermon preached before
Her Majesty at the Court about 13 years
since, Lond. 1593. 4°.
Omitted. A copy is at Lambeth.
Textes of Scripture chayning the holy
chronycle, untyl the sunne lost lyght, and
the Sonne brake the serpente's head ; dying,
rising, and ascending. Lond. 1591. 4°.
Omitted. A copy is in the Bodleian Library (Malone
Coll.).
B. J., Two Treatises on the Preservation of the
Eyesight : the first written by Dr. Baily, the
second collected out of those two famous
physicians Fernelius and Riolanus. Lond.
1626. 4°.
Omitted. A copy 'IB in the Bodleian.
B. R., Greene's Funerals in xiv Sonnets. Lond.
1604. 4°.
Certainly not by R. Barnfield.
Babington (Anthony), Letter to the Queene.
(n. p. or d.)
Omitted. A copy is at Lambeth.
Bacon (F.), Historic of Henry VII. Lond.
1622. Fol.
There are copies on large paper.
Tomus Primus Operum. Lond. 1623. Fol.
The Museum copy is described as on large paper.
Certaine Psalmes. Lond. 1625. 4°.
Pickering, 1854, III.
Law Tracts.
Lond. 1630. 4°.
A copy was in the Tenison Collection.
Operum Moralium et Civiliifm Tomt
Lond. 1638. Fol.
There are copies on large paper.
Baldwin (Wm.), Treatise of Moral Philosophic.
Lond. 1547. 16°.
A copy was in the Heber Collection. The same was
afterward* in Bliss's hands. Edit. 1550 sold at Bright's
sale in 1845, as the first, for 11. 2«.
Beware the Cat. Lond. 1534. 8°.
Certainly by Baldwin, but not here enumerated among
his works. There was an edition in 1570, quite unno-
ticed by Lowndes and his new editor; Dr. Bliss had a
fragment of it.
Bales (Thos.), a Seminary priest, hanged on Ash-
wednesday ; and Annis Baukin burned the
same day. An account of their executions.
Lond. By W. Wright, 1590. 8°.
Omitted. A copy is at Lambeth.
Balzac (J. L. Guez de), Letters translated by
W. T(irwhyt), Esq. Lond. By N. Okeu,
1634. 4°. Again by J. N., 1638. 4°.
This translation ia overlooked. Both editions are now
before me.
Bancroft (Thos.), Heroical Lover. Lond. 1658.
This volume is an 8°.
Bandello (Matteo), Tragicall Historye of Romeus
and Juliet, translated by Ar(thur) Br(ooke).
Lond. 1562. 4°.
Mr. Daniel of Canonbury has a copy.
Bansley (Charles), Rhyming Satyre on the Pride
nnd Vices of Women Now-a-Dayes. Lond.
By Thomas Raynalde (about '1540). 12°.
The correct title of this tract is: A Treatise shewing
and declaring the Pride and Abuse of Women Now-a-
Diiyes. It was not printed "about 1540," but after 1547,
and before July, 1553, — since mention is made in it of
Edward VI. as the reigning prince. A copy of the book
was formerly in Lincoln Cathedral Library; but wt> be-
lieve that it was .sold to Heher, and was the same which
occurred in Part iv. of his Catalogue.
Barbour (John), Actes and Life of Robert Bruce.
Edin. 1620. 8°.
A copy of the earlier edition. 1616, referred to by Pin-
kerton, was in the Harleian Collection.
Barclay (John), Poematum Libri Duo. Lond.
1615. 4°. Again, Oxon. 1636. 12°.
Both editions are omitted, and the book is unnoticed.
3rd S. II. AUG. £>, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
103
Barker (Thomas), Barker's Delight, or the Art of
Angling. Lond. 1657 or 1659. 12°. The
second edition.
There was an edition of this book in 1651 ; and another,
the second, in 1653. This therefore was, at least, the
third.
Barnfield (R.), The Affectionate Shepheard.
Lond. 1594. 4°.
The testimony of Beloe was not wanted to establish
the existence of a copy of this book in Sion College. I
have more than once had that copy in my own hands. It
is to be suspected that the impressions of 1595 and 1596,
if they ever existed, are lost.
•• Encomion of Lady Pecunia, and other
Poems. Lond. 1598. 4°.
There was certainly a reprint of this in 1605, with al-
terations and omissions.
Bas (Win.). Great Brittaine's Summer-set, be-
wailed with a Shower of tears. Oxford,
1613. 4°.
"Summer-set" should be "sonne's-set." Eight instead of
four leaves are known to exist, and they complete Sig. A ;
no perfect copy has yet been found. Mr. Corser has an
unpublished poem by Bas, entitled Polyhymnia.
Battie (John), The Merchant's Remonstrance.
Also, a Letter to the Two Houses of Parlia-
ment ; whereunto is annexed a Discourse on
the Excellency of Wool. London, 1648. 4°.
Omitted. A copy at Oxford.
Bauthamley (Jacob), Historical Relation of the
most material Passages and Persecutions of
the Church of Christ, from the Death of
Our Saviour to the time of William the
Conqueror. London, 1676.
Omitted. A copy was sold by auction in 1861.
Beard (Thos.), Theater of God's Judgments.
The second edition was, I believe, 1612, 4°. A copy
of that date occurs in Bindley's Catalogue.
Bel. Adam Bel, Clym of the Clough, &c.
An edition, London, 1683, 4°, is in the Bodleian.
Bel or Bell (Thos.), His Motives concerning
Romish Faith and Religion. Cambridge,
1593. 4°.
Omitted. A copy sold at the Savile sale in 1860.
W. CAREW HAZLITT.
CHRISTMAS CAROL.
The following Christmas Carol was sung, to a
singular wild and beautiful tune, by a boy,
who came to my house as one of a company of
morris-dancers during the Christinas season some
years ago. I took it down from the boy's dic-
tation ; he said he had learnt it from his father,
and had never seen it written or printed. It
•was in North Staffordshire. I should be obliged
to any of your correspondents who will tell me
anything respecting the ballad, and give a more
perfect copy, if such there be. Also, can any one
supply the tune ? —
" Over vender's a park, which is newly begun,
All bells in Paradise I heard them a-ring ;
Which is silver on the outside, and gold within,
And I love sweet Jesus above all things.
"And in that park there stands a hall,
All bells in Paradise I heard them a-ring ;
Which is covered all over with purple and pall,
And I love sweet Jesus above all things.
" And in that hall there stands a bed,
All bells in Paradise I heard them a-ring;
Which is hung all round with silk curtains so red,
And I love sweet Jesus above all things.
" And in that bed there lies a knight,
All bells in Paradise I heard them a-ring ;
Whose wounds they do bleed by day and by night,
And I love sweet Jesus above all things.
"At that bed side there lies a stone,
All bells in Paradise I heard them a-ring;
Which is our blessed Virgin Mary then kneeling on,*
And I love sweet Jesus above all things.
"At that bed'a foot there lies a hound,
All bells in Paradise I heard them a-ring;
Which is licking the blood as it daily runs down,
And I love sweet Jesus above all things.
" At that bed's head there grows a thorn,
All bells in Paradise I heard them a-ring;
Which was never so blossomed since Christ was born,
And I love sweet Jesus above all things."
' I took down at the same time, from oral de-
livery, a version of " St. George," as acted by
the boys ; " St. Mary's Joys ; " the Christmas
Carol of " The Three Ships ; " and " My Daughter
Jane ; " but these, I apprehend, are well known.
•Minot flate**.
GLADSTONE, SHIRLEY, G. HERBERT. — There
has lately been a discussion, in the newspapers
and elsewhere, respecting Shirley's celebrated
Dirge on Death ; the said " dirge," at least its
closing lines,' having been erroneously ascribed
by Mr. Gladstone to George Herbert. The fol-
lowing version was done by the late W. M.
Praed when he was at Eton. I once possessed
the original MS.
" Tlus Glories of our Birth and State, &c.
" Heu, cur tam vano vitam miramur amore,
Quse velut umbra venit, qua velut umbra fugit?
Nil contra Parcas gladius, nihil hasta valebit;
Nil data regali celsa corona comae.
Sceptra cadunt, diadema perit ; terraque sub una
Extremes somnos rex et arator habent.
Sunt qui magmfici potiantur laude triumph!,
Sunt quorum decoret laurea vitta comas;
Sed marcent nervi, sed marcet dextera; cunctos
Serius aut citius tu, Libitina, domas.
Vix emptus pallescit honor; vix nata recedit
Gloria ; mitte nimis verba superba loqui !
* How is this line to be amended ?
104
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. AUG. 9,
Pontifices adsunt; culter mioat; araparatur;
Sanguineam victrix victima foedat humum.
Onine caput tuniulo debelur; sola piorum
Gloria ab accenso frondet oletque rogo."
W.D.
CHARLESTON MEMORANDA. — Perhaps the fol-
lowing items noted down (1851) eleven years ago
may not be uninteresting to some of your readers
at this time : —
" About three miles from Charleston, on the banks of
the Etiwan or Cooper river, is an old but now unused
magazine. Hard by, shuded by lofty pines and other
fore-t trees, lies the old cemetery; no fence or boundary
line now marks the hallowed precincts. A few broken
and crumbling tombstones, their inscriptions scarcely
legible, alone point out the resting place of the departed.
One tomb, and that the largest, contains the remains of
some British officers. There is no inscription. The
oldest memorial at present legible is the following:
• Here lies the remains of Mr. Artemes Elliot, who died
Aug. 24, 1700, <et. 40 years.' (As the city was founded
in 1671, this must have been one of the early settlers
there.) Another of white marble has the following: —
' To the memory of Capt. Robt. Cochrane, who departed
this life Janry. 12, 1824. Aged 88 years. As a true
patriot, he served his country with zeal and fidelity.
Also of Mary, his wif«, who d'ied April 17, 1829, in the
91st year of her age.' "
About six miles from Charleston is the parish
church of St. James the Less, one of the oldest
churches in this part of the country. In front
of the gallery at the west end the royal arms of
England still remain. It is said that at the time
of the breaking out of the war, the royalists,
finding the royal arms in the church, refrained
from injuring or destroying it, and that after-
wards, when peace was restored, the inhabitants,
in grateful remembrance of the preservation of
their church, retained the royal arms in their
accustomed place. It is the only church, I be-
lieve, in any State where such a memorial of the
colonial days now remains.
MONTAGUE WILLIAMS.
Westland House.
TABLE TURNING FIFTEEN HUNDRED YEARS
AGO. — In the curious work of De I'Ancre, L'in-
credulite et mescreance du Sortilege, (4 to, Paris,
1622, page 236), is an account of two magicians,
Patritius and Hilarius, who lived in the reign of
Valens. Describing their proceedings, he says :
" They prepared an enclosure of branches of laurel, in
the same form as was at the tripod of the oracle of
Delphi. And, after having pronounced many charms,
both by night and by day, they caused that a round
table surrounded by this enclosure should turn itself and
move (»e contournoit et remUoit) according to the matter
they might require."
It would occupy too much space to give the
whole of the ceremonies ; the result of the incanta-
tion, however, was, that the letters T. H. E. O. D.
were exhibited, and said to be a portion of the
name of Valens' enemy, and that emperor in
consequence took care that Theodorus should be
put to death. This was circiter A.D. 873. Is
there any later notice of table turning till its re-
vival in the present day ? A. A.
Poets' Corner.
ANONYMOUS. — Information is requested re-
specting a book entitled : —
" Marmion Travestied ; a Tale of Modern Times. By
Peter Pry, Esq. London : Printed by G. Hazard, Beech
Street, for Thomas Tegg, Cheapside, 1809."
Who was the author of it ? M. A. P.
"THE BELFAST MAGAZINE." — This periodical,
of which only one volume appeared (Belfast, 1825,
8vo), contains a considerable amount of interest-
ing information. By whom was it edited ?
ABHBA.
CAPTAIN CALCRAFT. — I should be glad to know
where I could find an account of a " well-known
Greenland captain named Calcraft" living in 1737,
mention of whom is made (as above) in an old
work, from which I quote. SENEX.
A CHURCHWARDEN'S ANSWERS. — I have before
me a paper of the early part of the reign of
Elizabeth, which is evidently some churchwarden's
rough draft of his answers to official questions.
So many articles of inquiry were issued in those
days, that I am at a loss to find those to which
these replies belong. Three of them are quite
unintelligible without the questions.
The first paragraph contains an account of the
state of the parish register. The succeeding ones
are headed *' Artycles," and numbered thus : —
1. "A reply to some questions as to a nun, and the
payment of her annuity."
2. " As we know we had none."
3. " Noe."
4. " A reply concerning a monk and his annuity."
5. " As before."
Will some one help me in this matter ?
GRIME.
GREAT SCIENTIFIC TEACHER. — Who is the
great scientific teacher of the present, century,
who asserts that the heavens declare, not the glory
of God, but only the glory of the astronomer ?
Professor Mansel, in Aids to Faith, Essay I. p. 39,
makes this statement. Proof by quotation is
requested. n K
HANDASYDE OB HAWDYSIDE. — Are there any
pedigrees extant of families of this name, and if
so, can any informant tell me whether the name
Priscilla is to be found in any of them, before the
year 1706 P M. (1.)
ADM. SIR ROBERT HOLMES. — Who was the
mother of Admiral Sir Robert Holmes, Governor
of the Isle of Wight, 1667-69 ? She must have
3r<» S. II. AUG. 9, '62.]
NOTES AND QUEEIES.
105
been an heiress, since he quartered her arms, which
are Or, three ermines (?), sable, with his own ; anc
his descendants, Thomas Lord Holmes of Kilmal-
lock, Leonard Lord Holmes, and others, bearing
the same. Burke and other heralds give only the
paternal arms, Barry of six or and az. on a can-
ton gules, a lion rampant, or. Sir Robert may
in some sort be considered an historical person-
age, since Hume calls him " the cursed beginner
of the two Dutch wars;" and indeed it must be
admitted he cared more for the king — and he
was a great favourite at court — than the com
mons. Charles II. was obliged to put him in the
Tower to please the Parliament and the Dutch,
but he very soon afterwards knighted him, and
made him Governor and Captain of the Isle of
Wight.
He was the founder of the family which is now
represented by Lord Heytesbury, who married
the daughter of the late Sir L. W. Holmes, Bart.;
but it is believed that some of the male line still
exist. Sir Robert was the 3rd son of Henry
Holmes, Esq., of Mallow in the county of Cork ;
so in all probability his mother would be an Irish
woman. Some heralds call Sir Robert a baronet.
Could he have been one ? E. M. R. A.
KINGSTOWN, Co. DUBLIN. — In Dr. Wade's
Catalogus Systematicus Plantarum Indigenarum in
Comitatu Dubliniensi Inventarum, p. 108 (8vo,
Dublini, 1794), in reference to a particular plant,
I find these words : " Inveni in uliginosis apud
King's-town, et Clough ad radices montium Dub-
liniensium." Can any Irish reader of " N. & Q."
supply me with information regarding this locality,
which I have not as yet been able to discover ?
Kingstown, formerly Dunleary, i. e. " the fort of
Leary," is of course well known. Its present ap-
pellation was given to it by permission of King
George IV. on his embarkation there for England
after his visit to Ireland, in 1821 ; in commemo-
ration of which a handsome obelisk of granite,
with an appropriate inscription, and surmounted
by a crown of the same material, has been erected.
ABHBA.
LAWRENCE. — Any information concerning
Sampson, son of Sir John Lawrence, would much
oblige. He was born between 1620 and 1630.
,, SPAL.
MARAUDER. —
" General Blenker's taste for rapine is so strong, that
the verb • to blenker ' threatens to confer upon him as
unenviable a notoriety as the word ' marauder' has con-
ferred on Merode."— Saturday Review, July 5, 1862.
Is the above derivation of marauder correct ?
And on what authority ? H. W.
NAVAL UNIFORM. — The uniform of the Royal
Navy (blue, turned up with white,) is said to be
taken from the Duke of Bedford's livery ! What
Duke, and why? The rings on the arm, the
epaulettes, &c., are adopted from the Spanish :
brown is, or was, the colour of their navy. I
believe there was no regular uniform for the
navy for some time after the army had been
given a regular dress. The scarlet was given
to the army at the Restoration (the colour of
Charles's livery). In Queen Elizabeth's time it
was pea-green. P. A.
NOEL, A PAINTER. — I have a view of Alicante
bearing the signature of " Noel." The painting
is evidently French. Can any one give me any
information respecting the artist ? The picture is
painted on thick paper, and is about six feet by
four in size. B. H. C.
" POEMS BY ANGLO-INDIAN." — Who is author
of this volume ? No date, but published within
the last few years. ZETA.
QUOTATIONS, REFERENCES, ETC. — I have to
thank, very heartily, F. C. H. and EIRIONNACH,
together with other private Jriends, for answers
to certain of my quotation wants ; and I venture
to ask a corner for a few more which I have been
unable to trace. Again, " bis dat qui cito
dat " : —
1. "The blood of the martyrs is the seed of the
Church."
Where is the well-known saying first to be
found ?
[In Tertullian, at the conclusion of his Apologeticus
adversus Gentes. See " N. & Q.," 21"1 S. vii. 136.]
2. " A man need not to whip himself as the Scottish
papists do (1625)."
Why " the Scottish papists " ?
3. "Labour for innocency; that if they will speak
maliciously, yet they may speak falsely. Saith St. Am-
brose, Et nobis maltts" &c.
4. " Man is changeable because he is a creature, as
Damascene's speech is."
5. " As Cyprian saith well, it must be consent in the
truth."
6. "Luther saith, 'If they [the Papists] live and die
peremptorily in all the points preferred in the Tridentine
Council, they cannot be saved.' "
Where does Luther say so ? r.
REFERENCES WANTED. — " Smooth the wrinkled
(or furrowed) brow of care." Whose is it?
What king at his death " left his heart to his
wife, as a precious diamond ? "
Who was it that, wallowing on the grass, cried
out, Utinam hoc esset laborare ?
Whence the saying "Ignorance is the mother
of devotion ? " W. G.
THE EARL OF SUFFOLK'S FOOL. — An old
tombstone in the churchyard of Berkeley, Glou-
:estershire, bears the following inscription, said to
lave been written by Dean Swift : —
" Here lies the Earl of Suffolk's fool,
Men called him Dickey Pearce;
His folly served to make folks laugh
When wit and mirth were scarce.
106
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'<i S. II. ADO. 9, '62.
" Poor Dick, alas ! is dead and gone,
What signifies to cry?
Dickys enough are still behind
To laugh at by and by.
My Lord that's gone made himself much sport of him.
Buried 1728, aged G3 years."
What authority is there for the assertion that
the cynical dean was the writer of these lines, and
under what circumstances were they written ?
Perhaps some of the readers of " N. & Q." can
inform nie. Sir Walter Scott has somewhere re-
ferred to this epitaph.* F. G. B.
A WHKSTLER. —
" There lay at ease a bulky insolent,
Grim-looked : his eares by gauntlets scored and marred.
His vast chest like a bell was prominent.
His back was broad, with flesh like iron hard,
Like anvil-wrought Colossus to regard ;
And under either shoulder thews were seen
On his strong arms, like round stones which are jarred
In the quick rush of many a bound between
A winter torrent rolls down through the vast ravine.
" CHAPMAN."
From Specimens of Poetry, Lyric and Descrip-
tive. London, 1842, pp. 164. A good class-
book. Are the above lines by the translator of
Homer, or some other Chapman, and of what
poem do they form a part ? J. W.
tflucrtrS lattl) STnstocrrf.
PILGRIMS EXEMPTED FROM TOLLS. — Mr.
Thrupp, in The Anglo-Saxon Home, p. 245, tells
us —
" Pilgrims were exempted from paying toll on any
roads or rivers along which they passed, and had the right
to have their baggage carried gratuitously in merchants'
vessels."
Will Mr. Thrupp or any other of your readers
please to inform me what tolls pilgrims or other
passengers, whether on foot or on horses, or in
waggons or other vehicles, travelling or passing on
public highways, or rivers, were liable to pay ?
Of tolls for travelling on the continent of Europe
or any other foreign country I am ignorant ; but
in England I know of none. FRA. MEWBURN.
[Rome was the favourite destination of the Anglo-
Saxon pilgrims ; who, besides encountering the ordinary
difficulties of the journey to the shrine of St. Peter, ex-
perienced not a few detentions, more particularly at
bridges, for want of money to pay the numerous tolls.
Canute, in the year 1031, on his return from a pilgrimage
to Rome, obviated in a great measure those inconveni-
ences by purchasing at a considerable cost a free passage
for pilgrims in many places. (" In redeundo versus An-
gliain largas elemosynas dispersit ; passagium Peregrino-
rum magno pretio multis in locis redemit; clausuras
itinerum aperiri procuravit," &c. See XV. Scriplores,
[" This epitaph is printed in Swift's Works, by Scott,
xv. 212. The sentence, "My Lord that's gone made
himself much sport of him," is omitted. — Eo.'J
p. 275, fol. Oxon. 1G91.) According to Bayley (Tower of
Land. ii. 655), a custom of twopence was taken from
every person going and returning by the river Thames
on pilgrimage to the shrine of St. James at Compostella.
From a passage in Thomson's Ocellum Promontorium,
it would appear, not only that pilgrims were generally
exempt from all charges for the conveyance of their
passage, but that the merchant-traders in those early
times grossly abused the profession of Christianity : " In
order to elude," says he, " the payment of duties abroad,
they put on the habit of pilgrims and pretended that
they were travelling to Rome, or some other place, for
religious purposes. The bales, which they carried with
them, they insisted, contained only provisions for their
journey, and were exempt from paying any duty. But
the collectors of customs often searched the parcels of
those pretended pilgrims, and either seized them, or im-
posed a heavy fine on the owners of them." — See Fos-
broke's Srituh Monachium, pp. 315-369, passim.']
FISH CRAWFORD. — This gentleman is spoken
of in Lord Auckland's Correspondence, vol. ii. p. 220.
Pray who was he, and how did he acquire this
burlesque epithet to his surname P O. T.
[The gentleman alluded to was Mr. Quintin Craufurd
(sometimes spelt Crawford), born at Kilwinning, co. Ayr,
in Scotland, on 22nd Sept 1743 ; but who was for a long
time settled at Paris, where he attracted the notice of Marie
Antoinette, and was well known for his hospitality, and
for the elegance of his literary leisure. He was the
intimate friend of the Count de Mercy, and furnished
some very valuable information to the English govern-
ment respecting the state of affairs in the Netherlands.
Several of his letters are printed in the third volume of
Lord Auckland's Correspondence. He died at Paris on
the 23rd Nov. 1819. Some account of him, with a list of
his literary productions, will be found in the Bingrnphie
Universelle, edit. 1852, and Nouvelle Bingraphie Generate,
edit. 1856. He was the editor of Melanges d"Histoire et
de Literature, Paris, 8vo, 1817, and Supplement, 1820,
which are both curious and interesting to the lovers of
Literary History. The familiar cognomen, Fish Craufurd,
applied to him by Lord Sheffield, reminds us of an occur-
rence at a public dinner at Greenwich on a certain occa-
sion, which was more than usually well attended, in
consequence of an expectation that Mr. Canning, who
was to be present, would gratify the company by one of
his splendid exhibitions of oratory. The cloth removed,
he rose when called upon, and spoke to the following
effect: " This, gentlemen, is a fish dinner. Fishes drink
much, and say little. Let us be wise, and follow their
example." He sat down. It was all they got for their
guinea ticket. When a man is known as one who is
" fond of his bottle " (a character not so rare in good
society when Lord Sheffield wrote as now), one still hears
it occasionally said, " He is a regular fish,'1 or " He
drinks like a fish." Possibly it was on some similar
principle that his Lordship employed the expression " The
jfts/i Crawford."}
H. SCUDDER. — I have met with a book, printed
in 1620, entitled A Key of Heaven ; the Lord's
Prayer opened, §~c. and written by " Henrie Scud-
der, Preacher of the ' Word." Can any of the
readers of " N. & Q." afford any information con-
cerning the writer ? J. A.
[Henry Scudder, a pious Presbyterian divine, was
educated at Christ College, Cambridge; became minister
of Drayton in Oxfordshire, and afterwards of Colling-
born-Dukes, Wiltshire. In 1643, he was chosen one of
3"i S. II. AUG. 9, '62. ]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
107
the Assembly of Divines, and died before the Eestoration.
His best known work is The Christian's Daily Walk in
Holy Security and Peace, 12mo, Lond. 1652, the fifteenth
edition of which was published in 1813. This work has been
greatly commended by Baxter, Owen, and others. He
also published a Fast Sermon, preached before the Parlia-
ment, Oct. 30, IG44. Vide Brook's Lives of the Puritans,
ii. 504, edit. 1813, and Granger's Biog. Diet. ii. 183.]
QUOTATION WANTED. — Where does the follow-
ing occur : —
" If in thine house thou wouldst bear firm rule,"]
And sun thee in the light of happy faces,
Love, Hope, and Patience, these must be thy graces,
And in thine own heart let them first keep school."
P. R.
[These beautiful lines are by S. T. Coleridge (Poetical
Works, edit. 1834, vol. iii. p. 331). They are the com-
mencement of a poem, entitled " Love, Hope, and Patience
in Education " —
" O'er wayward childhood wouldst thou hold firm rule,
And sun thee in the light of happy faces," &c.]
BOBS AND BUTTEECUPS. — What does this mean ?
Of course buttercups we all know, but I think bobs
should be blobs, the common name in some coun-
ties of the flowers of the Caltha palustris, or marsh
marigold. S. BEISLEY.
[" Bobs and Buttercups ! " an exclamation, or expres-
sion of surprise, addressed to a naughty child. " Bobs "
may be for " blobs," as our correspondent suggests ; or it
may be an abbreviated form of "ods-bobs! " united with
^Buttercups " for the sake of the alliteration.]
•
HOLMAN HUNT'S " LIGHT OF THE WOELD." —
Can any one of your correspondents give the ex-
planation Mr. Ruskin gave some years ago of the
picture " The Light of the World ? "
INOJOIBEB.
[Mr. Raskin's critical notice of " one of the very noblest
•works of sacred art ever produced in this or any other
age," appeared in The Times of May 5, 1854, and makes
two-thirds of a column, too long for transcription.]
WABEISTON MSS. — Does there exist a collec-
tion of MSS. connected with Archibald Johnstone,
Lord Warriston, termed the Warriston MSS. ?
If there is, where is it deposited ? W. G.
[In the Library of the Faculty of Advocates, Edin-
burgh, is a manuscript in 4to, containing some Passages
of the Life of Sir Archibald Johnstone of Warriston. 3
A BIRD THE PRELUDE OF DEATH.
(3rd S. ii. 25.)
There are several versions of the well known
ghost story (so-called) connected with the death
of Thomas Lord Lyttelton. According to some
of them, the announcement to him of his ap-
proaching end was accompanied by the appear-
ance of a bird. I enclose two documents upon
the subject, which, if you think it worth while,
you can print together with this letter.
Hagley, Stourbridge, LYTTELTON.
July 21.
No. I. The first MS., so obligingly forwarded by Lord
Lyttelton, is written by Lord Westcote, and is the original.
It is enclosed in an envelope endorsed " Remarkable Cir-*
cumstance* attending the Death of Thomas Lord Lyttelton."
Lord Westcote, it will be remembered, was uncle of Lord
Lyttelton..
" REMARKABLE DBEAM or THOMAS LOKD
LYTTELTON.
"On Thursday the 25th of November, 1779,
Thomas Lord Lyttelton when he came to break-
fast declared to Mrs. Flood, wife of Frederick
Flood, Esq., of the Kingdom of Ireland, and to
the three Miss Amphletts who were lodged in his
house in Hill Street, London (where he then also
was), that he had had an extraordinary dream
the night before. He said he thought he was in a
Room which a Bird flew into, which appearance
was suddenly changed into that of a woman
dress' d in white, who bade him prepare to Die ; to
which he answer'd, I hope not soon — not in two
months. She replied, Yes, in three Days. He
said he did not much regard it, because he
cou'd in some measure account for it ; for that a
few days before he had been with Mrs. Dawson,
when a Robin Red Breast flew into his Room.
When he had dressed himself that day to go to
the House of Lords *, he said he thought he did
not look as if he was likely to Die. In the even-
ing of the following day, being Friday, he told
the eldest Miss Amphlett that she look'd melan-
choly ; but, said he, You are foolish and fearfull ;
I have lived two Days, and God willing, I will
live out the third. On the morning of Saturday
he told the same Ladies that he was very well, and
believed he shoud bilk the Ghost.
" Some hours afterwards he went with them, Mr.
Fortescue, and Captain Wolseley, to Pitt Place at
Epsom, withdrew to his bed-chamber soon after
eleven o'clock at night, talked chearfully to his
Servant, and particularly inquired of him what
care had been taken to provide good Roles for his
breakfast the next morning ; step'd into Bed with
his Waistcoat on, and as his Servant was pulling
it off", put his hand to his side, sunk back, and
immediately expired without a Groan. He ate
a good dinner after his arrival at Pitt Place that
day, took an Egg for his Supper, and did no*
seem to be at all out of order, except that while
he was eating his Soup at Dinner he had a rising
in his Throat, a thing which had often happened
to him before, and which obliged him to spit some
of it out. His Physician, Dr. Fothergill, told
[* Parliament Avas opened on that day by George III.
in person. Lord Lyttelton's name appears in the list of
Peers who were present. — ED. "N. & Q."]
108
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[&TA 8. IL Aua. 9, '62.
me Lord Lyttelton had in the Summer preceding
a bad pain in his side ; and he judg'd that some
great Vessel in the part where he had felt the pain
gave way, and to that he conjectured his Death
was owing. His Declaration of his Dream, and
his Expressions above mention'd consequential
thereunto, were, upon a close inquiry, asserted to
me to have been so by Mrs. Flood, the eldest Miss
Amphlett, Captain Wolseley, and his Valet de
Chambre, Faulkner, who dress' d him on the Thurs-
day, and the manner of his death was related to
me by William Stuckey in the presence of Mr.
Fortescue and Captain Wolseley, Stuckey being
the Servant who attended him in his bed-chamber,
and in whose arms he died.
" WESTCOTE.
« February the 13th."
The second docnment forwarded by Lord Lyttelton is
in the handwriting of Sir Digby Neave, and is endorsed
by Lord Lyttelton, " Given me by Sir Digby Neave, Sept.
I860.— L."
"Thomas Lord Lyttelton died in 1779 at his
own residence, Pit Place, Epsom. In 1828, Mr.
Taylor of Worcester Park, near Ewell, who was
then above eighty years of age, told me — then
residing at Pit Place — that he was in the neigh-
bourhood during the year 1779, and heard parti-
culars of the illness and death of Lord Lyttelton
from an Italian Painter visiting at Pit Place at
the time of Lord Lyttelton's death.
" Lord Lyttelton had come to Pit Place in a
very precarious state, and was ordered not to take
any but the gentlest exercise. Walking in the
Conservatory with Lady Affleck and two Misses
Affleck, a robin perched on an orange-tree close
to them. Lord L. attempted to catch it, but fail-
ing, and being laughed at by the ladies, said he
would catch it if it was the death of him, and suc-
ceeded, putting himself in a great heat by the
exertion. He gave the bird to Lady Affleck, who
•walked about with it in her hand.
" Lord Lyttelton became so ill and feverish that
he went off to London for advice to a house in
' Bruton Street. In his delirium he imagined that
a Lady with a Bird in her hand, drawing his cur-
tain, told him he would die. Dreams being the
Galamatia of waking thoughts, it needed no ghost
to fix such an impression on the mind of a sick
man ; and this may be said to clear away super-
natural agency thus far. As to his death occur-
ring at the moment indicated by an Apparition, and
the putting on the clock by his friends — from
the habits of his boon companions in the house at
the time, and the report of the Italian Painter,
his informant, Mr. Taylor was satisGed as to its
being a fable invented to mystify the public, as
the actual circumstances attending his death were
as follows : —
" Being in bed opposite a chimney-piece with a
Mirror over it, he desired his valet to give him
some medicine which was on the chimney-piece.
Seeing him mixing it with a tooth-brush, Lord
Lyttelton raised himself up and rated him, but he
was so weak that his head sunk below the pillow
on to his chest, and he gasped for breath.
" His valet, instead of relieving him, in his
fright, left the room, and death ensued before
assistance could be given.
"DiGBT NEAYB.
" Mr. Taylor of Worcester Park told me the
names of the party in the house. I only recollect
that Mr. Michael Angelo Taylor was one of them.
He named that Lord L. had become possessed of
Pit Place in payment of a debt of honor."
DE COSTA, THE WATERLOO GUIDE : ANECDOTE
OF WELLINGTON.
(3rd S. ii. 7, 51.)
I am glad to find my own conviction confirmed
as to the trustworthiness of John de Costa. I
remember that he dwelt strongly upon his un-
willingness to attend Napoleon as a guide, and
upon his being compelled to serve him, as men-
tioned by ME. NOLDWHITT. He also told us,
that though in the event of Napoleon's having
won the battle he should have received a hand-
some reward for his services, he was only too
glad to escape the next day with a whole skin,
and the Shabby pay of a single napoleon which he
received from Bertrand.
My visit to the field of Waterloo was on the
22nd of September, 1822. The harvest had been
got in, and I viewed the strong stubble with
amazement — the stalks were like goose-quills.
Byron had seen the corn growing ; for he was
there in the previous month of May, and testified
his astonishment in the well-known line : —
" How that red rain hath made the harvest grow ! "
The earth, indeed, seemed saturated with hu-
man blood. As the men were ploughing up the
stubble fields, I saw the soil in many places of a
deep purple colour, as it was turned up by the
ploughshare ; and at every step some memorials
of the battle were thrown out — broken swords,
pieces of knapsacks, belts, sashes, cannon balls
and bullets in profusion. But the narrative of
the guide, told on the very spot, heightened of
course exceedingly the interest of the visit to
Waterloo.
An anecdote of the great hero may here be ap-
propriately appended. Lady Holland once told
a lady, at a party where Wellington was present,
that the reason why he would not intercede for
Ney and save him, as he might have done, was
because Ney had once beaten him in battle. The
Duke overheard this ; and turning to the lady
shortly after, said : " I wish you would ask Lady
'd S. IL AUG. 9, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
109
Holland where that happened, for I do not at all
remember the occurrence." The anecdote may
be relied upon, for it was told to me by the lady
to whom the Duke spoke. F. C. H.
The late Professor Blunt, when one of the
travelling Bachelors of the University of Cam-
bridge, addressed to the Vice-chancellor a Latin
letter, dated " Lutetiae cal. Maii, 1818," narrating
anecdotes of Napoleon at the battle of Waterloo,
•which he heard from a rustic named La Costa,
who was at the emperor's side throughout the
day (Catalogue of MSS. in Library of University
of Cambridge, iv. 518.)
C. H. & THOMPSON COOPER.
DR. JOHNSON AT OXFORD.
(3rd S. i. 512.)
Whether Milton was "one of the last," or
Johnson was tbe last scholar, on whom corporal
punishment was inflicted, must rest on tradition ;
as there can be no written evidence to decide the
question beyond, it may be, a record of Common-
room anecdotes, or a musty letter of some old
bursar. There is just such a tradition, that in
the days of Busby, the Orbiliux plagosus, at West-
minster, an "old boy," who had been brought to
the block for stealing certain whipped syllabubs,
said it was " hard lines " for one of his age to be
publicly flogged ; and that, too, for mere trifles !
The Doctor, nevertheless, whipped him soundly,
with this answer : —
" Ha nugce in seria ducunt."
The pun was worthy of the Busbeian wig, and
affords a simpler and more conclusive argument
for corporal punishment than we get in parlia-
mentary debates on the subject at the present
day. It was many years since that I picked up
the anecdote of the buttery hatch, in a Memoir of
Johnson's early life; wherein it stated, that at
the time of the whipping he was only fifteen.
And when I myself, some time after, matriculated
at Oxford, I found that one of the lions shown to
visitors at Pembroke was the hatch over which
the incipient Doctor had been scourged. Pro-
bably he was sent thus early to College for
economy — to be "a term- trotter," i. e. to keep
terms as he could ; and he continued his desul-
tory residence for five or six years, and, at last,
left without taking a degree. After he had
reached literary eminence, an honorary degree of
A.M. was awarded to him by the University of
Oxford ; and, only yesterday I read, at the In-
corporated Law Institution, his autograph Latin
letter (dated Feb. 24, 1755,) thanking the Vice-
chancellor for the honour conferred upon him.
And in the same glass case was the original copy
of his Dictionary ; and in the title-page, " Samuel
Johnson, LL.D." — a degree, I presume, granted
him by the University of Cambridge. But B.A.
(which, by the way, should be A.B. according to
Johnson, so well versed in the A, B, C, of litera-
ture— 'tis, however, the fashion of the day to put
the cart before the horse, and so cabby sits
perched in a dickey behind the vehicle, as it rolls
through Rotten Row [rota ?~\ to the Exhibition) —
but it seems A.B., or B.A. (whichever he may
please to write himself), has discovered an ana-
chronism, viz. that the public indignity of cor-
poral correction was at the point of becoming
extinct more than a hundred years before John-
son was whipped. Whereas, it is beyond all dis-
pute, that, to this very day at Eton, scholars cetatis
seventeen or eighteen, for any open violation of the
college rules, still undergo the punishment of the
birchen rod at the hands of the Head Master.
QUEEN'S GARDENS.
AFTER MEAT MUSTARD.
(3rd S. i. 428.)
Under all its forms, the moral of the " too-late"
proverb is sufficiently obvious ; but, in old French
at least, CARL B.'s condiment is variously exem-
plified. A trifler, " s'amuse a la moutarde ;" a
driveller, " bave comme un pot-a-moutarde ;" a
child despatched on a short errand, " va a la
moutarde ; " a blockhead, " s'y entend comme un
rossignol a crier de la immtarde." Among the
deprecations in an ancient Litany is one — " d'un
boeuf sans moutarde" — suggestive, perhaps, of
poor Ka'herine's wedding-supper. And it was
said of an angry disputant : " la moutarde lui
monte a nez ;" even as Nick Bottom observed of
Monsieur Mustard-seed's nasi-pungent valour.
One way or other, moutarde has taken honours
in etymology. Its equivalent, Seneoe, is readily
traced to SiWin ; but no verbal or literal process
has hitherto evolved moutarde (Anjjlice, mustard,)
out of the Greek term. One story is, that in
1388 Dijon (the Grand Moutardier of France, as
Durham is of England), having raised a regiment
in aid of Duke Philippe of Burgundy against the
Flemings, was rewarded with a grant of the Ducal
arms and device — " Moult me tarde;" as is still,
I believe, to be seen on the portal of the Carthu-
sian church in that city. But the sculptor so
over-flourished its pronoun " me," that the device
came to be read " Moult tarde;" till " ce baume
naturel et restaurant," as Rabelais termed it, was
brought within the proverbial " too late," — a cir-
cumstance somewhat disparagingly noticed by
one of their poets, Bertrand : —
" La, plus d'un portail
S'ouvre en eventail
Dijon, moulte me tarde ;
Et mon luth camard,
Chante ta moutarde."
no
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[8'd S. 11. Am 9, »G2.
As if the loyal Dijonnais had been dilatorily mus-
tered. Make a note of the conceit, dear Captain
Cuttle!
But the compiler of Curiosiles Philologiques,
&c., 1855, and M. de Lincy, Le Litre des Pro-
verbes Frangaix, 1859, reject this paremiologic
legend as " inventee au plaisir." Sundry MSS.
and " Le Dit de 1'Apostoile," authorities elder by
two centuries than Duke Philippe and his device,
mentioning;, eo nomine, " la moutarde de Dijon."
Ibi omnin effuxus— knocked over by that sturdy
critic, old Chnmos! — and a more plausible, be-
cause subjective, derivation propounded in its
stead : " moult arde," multum ardenx : congenite
with the natural properties of moutarde, and ac-
cordant with the etymon of ~2lvairi — trivti 2>iroa.
Truly, since " rabbit" is extractible from Acwuirovy,
" rough-foot," moutarde may, with a little exege-
tioal fagging, be developed in SkaTn, " eye- smart."
E. L. S.
STATISTICS OF PREMATURE INTERMENTS.
(3rd S. ii. 28.)
" Death may usurp on nature many hours,
And yet the fire of life kindle again."
" How if when I am laid in the tomb
I wake
. There's a fearful point ! "
I believe no statistics have been published
which have direct relation to this fearful subject.
It is much to be regretted that some competent
person does not devote his time to the investiga-
tion of the various accounts which we have of
premature burial. I believe that nearly all of
them are untrue or much exaggerated. The bare
possibility of such a frightful end has been and
yet is the cause of much misery. That a belief
in the possibility of living-burial is prevalent
among many educated persons is known to most
of us ; it is proved by the fact that there are not
a few cases on record of persons requiring their
bodies to undergo mutilation, or their coffins to
be filled with quick-lime, so as to make resuscita-
tion impossible.*
1 have among my notes the following references
to books which treat on or refer to premature
interment. Most of them have been before noticed
in " N. & Q." (2nd S. ii. 103) in relation to this
subject by MR. BATES: —
" The Uncertainty of the Signs of Death, and the
Danger of precipitate Interments and Dissections demon-
strated, &c." London, 12mo, 1751.
• Francis Douce, the antiquary, requested in his will
that his head might be separated from his body; as did
also bis old friend Mr. Kerrick. " N. & Q " 2nd s. ii.
103; T. F. Dibdin's Lit. Rem. vol. ii. p. 777. Ritson,
the antiquary, wished his cofliu to be tilled with lime.
Nicolas'* Life of Ritum.
"The Duty of the Relations of those who are in dan-
gerous Illness, and the Hazard of hasty Interments. A
Sermon preached in the Prexbyterian Chapel, Lancaster,
17 July, 1803, by Rev. S. Girle."
"Garmanni (L. C. F.) de Miraculis Mortuorum, lib. HI.
quibus praemissa Disseriatio de Cadavere et Miraculis in
Gen ere, Opus Physico-medicum." 4to, Dresden, 1709.
" Observations on apparent Death from Drowning,
Hanging, Suffocation by Noxious Vapours, Fainting Fits,
Intoxication, Lightning, Exposure to Cold, &c. By
James Curry, M.D." London. 8vo, 1815.
" The Danger of Premature Interment proved from
many remarkable Instances of Persons who have re-
covered after being laid out for Dead. Bv Joseph Tavlor."
12mo, 1816.
" The Thesaurus of Horror, or the Chnrnol-Honse
explored! Being an historical and philanthropical In-
quisition made for the quondam Blood of its Inhabitants,
by a contemplative Descent into the untimely Grave,
showing by a Number of awful Facts that have tran-
spired, as well as from philosophical Enquiry, the re-
animating Power of fresh Earth in Cases of Syncope,
and the extreme Criminality of hasty Funerals, &c.
By John Smart." London, 8vo, 1817.
" A Dissertation on the Disorder of Death, or that
State of the Frame under the Signs of Death called Sus-
pended Animation, &c. By Rev. Walter Whither,
Rector of Hardingham, Norfolk, and late Fellow of Clare-
Hall, Cambridge." 1819.*
" Life of George Cheyne, M.D." Oxford, 1846.
" Observations on Trance, or Human Hvbernation.
By Baird." JSoO.f
" Narrative of a Journey in Rajwarra in 1835. By A.
Boile.iu." 1835-t
"The Medical Aspects of Death: and the Medical
Aspects of the Human Mind. By James Bower Harri-
son." London, 12mo, 1852.
" Traite" des Signes de la Mort, et des Moyens de
Pre'vcnir les Enterrements prematures. Par E. Bouchat."
Paris: BailHere, 1849.
" Missionary Travels in South Africa. By David
Livingstone, LL.D. 1857." P. 129.
" Raikes's Journal," vol. iii. p. 228.
" Quarterly Review," vol. Ixxxv. p. 346.
" Encyclopaedia Londinensis," svL voc. Mausoleum and
Reanimation.
" Diet, de Me'clecine et de Chirurgio," art. Inhumations
preci pite'es.
" Reports of the Royal Humane Society for 1787-8-9."
P. 77.
"Collet's Relics of Literature," p. 186.
" Granger's Biog. Hist, of England," vol. i. p. 330.
It has occurred to me that the custom so pre-
valent in the middle ages of bequeathing the
heart a place of sepulture different from the
body arose not entirely from motives of religious
devotion or local attachment. I believe that the
desire to prevent an awakening in the grave was
often the cause of these singular bequests.
GBIME.
• For an interesting notice of the author of this book
see the Life of Parian by John S. Watson.
f These works contain notices of the burial and re-
suscitation of Indian Fakeera. See also Medical Times,
1845, pp. 399, 439.
3'd S. II. AUG. 9, '62.3
NOTES AND QUERIES.
Ill
REFUGEES IN HOLLAND.
(3rd S. i. 409, 514.)
Since my last Note, I bave made further in-
quiry, and, by the aid of friends in London and
at Neuwied, am now able to supply to a certain
extent the information required by W. W. S.
It appears from the detailed History of the
Countly and Princely Houses of Ise?iburg, Runkel,
and Wied, by the Rev. J. St. Reck, evangelical
preacher in Neuwied, published at Weimar, 4to,
in 1845 (German), that Friederich, of the family
of Runkel-Wied, reigned over the principality of
Wied from 1634 to 1698, i. e. from the latter part
of the " Thirty Years' War," until thirteen years
after the revocation of the " Edict of Nantes'* by
King Louis XIV. of France. He, therefore, lived
at a time when there was much need of protection
for the mercilessly persecuted Protestants in
different countries.
Prince Friederich was eldest son, by his Coun-
tess Juliana-Elizabetha von Solmslich, who died
in 1649, of Hermann, the second Count of that
name, who died in 1631. He founded the town
of Neuwied, then called Neuen Wiedt (undoubt-
edly the Newinweek of your querist), in 1648 ;
which appears to have been destined, from the
beginning, for what it has always continued to be
until very recent times, a refuge for exiled and
persecuted Christians of every denomination.
The prince was evidently a very liberal-minded
man, as may be seen from the Act by which he
granted a series of privileges to his new town on
June 7 (O. S.), 1662; no doubt the instrument
alluded to by W. W. S., and of whose nine sec-
tions the following is a summary : —
" Section I. In reference to the point of religion, -which
is the most important, We promise to those who are not
addicted to the Reformed faith, freedom of conscience,
and the exercise of their religion in their own houses,
and will not allow them to be disturbed, even although
the terms of the Peace of Westphalia should _ be trans-
gressed."
By sect. it. he secured the inhabitants from
compulsory feudal labour; and by sect. iii. from
serfdom and inseparability from the soil. Under
sect. iv. market-fairs were to be held from year
to year. Sect. v. settled the magistracy, and that
Non- reformed were not excluded from honour-
able offices and magisterial employments. Sect. vi.
settled certain excise duties. Sect. iyi. gave per-
mission to levy municipal dues. By sect. viii.
to every settler the site of a house was granted
gratuitously, on condition of building upon the
line of the street. For ten years the builder or
purchaser of a house was to be free from imposts,
but subsequently to pay a moderate tax. And
sect. ix. settled some fiscal regulations.
In the month of October of the same" year,
this document was laid before the Imperial cham-
ber ; and it was confirmed by an Imperial decree
of the 4th of September, 1663; before and after
which time settlers of every country and Chris-
tian sect arrived from various places, and the
new colony soon increased to a very respectable
town.
This noble and venerable prince departed to a
higher life May 3, 1698, aged eighty; much re-
gretted by his subjects, towards whom he had
uniformly conducted himself as a father and pro-
tector during the whole of his benignant reign.
His mortal remains were interred on the 20th of
June in the Reformed Church of his town ; the
text of his funeral sermon being Psalm xvi. 6 :
" The lines have fallen to me in pleasant places ;
yea, I have a goodly heritage."
Prince Friederich married: 1. Maria-Juliana,
who died, in 1657, Countess of Leiningen ; 2.
Philippina-Sabina von Hohenloe ; 3. Maria-Sa-
bina von Solms ; 4. Conrad-Luise von Bentheim-
Tecklenburg; and by them he had sixteen children,
of which seven survived their revered parent.
D. B.
« THE IMPERTINENT."
(3rd S. ii. 45.)
The poem, about which MR. HARPER inquires,
has been known since the publication of Pope's
quarto edition of his Poems, 1735, as " The Fourth
Satire of Dr. John .Donne," and has appeared in
every subsequent edition of Pope's Works. Hill
was the great poet-pirate of that age ; and pro-
bably thought that The Impertinent, by Mr.
Pope — a fact which he had learned from the
quarto — might look like a new poem by Pope;
and he issued this edition, not in his usual Grub
Street ballad style, but Pope fashion, well printed,
and in folio.
There is no evidence, I think, that any of the
Pope editors, except Warton, had ever seen The
Impertinent ; and Warton refers to the same pira-
tical edition as your correspondent —the Hill of
1737. Yet the work was published four y£ars
before, as appears from the following advertise-
ment in The Daily Journal of Nov. 5, 1733 : —
" This day is published, The Impertinent, or a Visit to
the Court. A Satire. By an Eminent Hand. Printed.
byJ. Wilford."
And the work was announced as published in
The Gentlemans Magazine for the same month.
It will be observed, that there is no mention in
the advertisement of either Donne or Pope. Why
was this ?
Pope had suffered, and was still suffering, from
" the clamour raised" for the presumed attack on
the Duke of Chandos, raised and circulated, as
he believed, by Lord Hervey — he had suffered,
as he thought, by the prejudice of the Queen,
whose mind had been poisoned by Lord Hervey —
112
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'* S. II. Ace. 9, 'G*.
suffered " from the noise and bustle made about
him by court and town;" and at that painful
moment, when he was bound over to keep silence
by the death of his mother, Lord Hervey re-
newed the attack in the Epistle to a Doctor of
Divinity, from a Nobleman at Hampton Court.
In the first impulse of indignation, Pope wrote
his Letter to a Noble Lord, dated Nov. 1733;
which however, on reflection, he suppressed for a
time. But here was The Impertinent, with which
he might smite the court, the Queen, her Cham-
berlain, her favourite divines, and all connected
with the court, and without appearing personally.
The Impertinent, by his own after confession, was
"a satire on vicious courts," just the satire he
wanted ; and by suppressing all reference to the
old poet, it became the satire of the hour — a visit
to the " vicious court " of Queen Caroline.
That it was ready for his purpose appears from
the advertisement prefixed to the quarto : —
" The Satires of Dr. Donne I versified at the desire
of the Earl of Oxford while he was Lord Treasurer
[that is, in or before 1714], and of the Duke of Shrews-
bury, who had been Secretary of State ; neither of whom
looked upon a satire on vicious courts as any reflection on
those they served in."
As the satire had been " versified " some twenty
vears before, it was necessary for his purpose that
it should be new polished and new pointed ; that
it should have the appearance of being the satire
of the hour — an easy change to Pope. And,
accordingly, we find mention of Onslow, " the
perfect Speaker," not chosen Speaker till 1728 —
of Henley, a laborious and unheard-of student at
the University, or a drudging schoolmaster at
Milton, when Oxford was Lord Treasurer — of
" exciting courtiers," an evident reference to the
political cry of the year of publication, 1733.
That an attack on the court was intended by.
the hurried publication of The Impertinent became
still more evident on its re-publication in 1735.
Thus the courtier " whose tongue can compliment
you to the devil," says in The Impertinent, which
I take to be the version of 1714, modified —
" Spirits like you, believe me, should be seen,
And (like Ulysses) visit Courts and Men," —
had gained a point, in 1735 : —
" Spirits like you should see and should be seen,
The King would smile on you — at least the Queen."
Again, the general satire of the earlier ver-
sion —
" Not Naso's self more impudently near,
When half his nose is in his patron's ear,"—
became, in 1735 —
" Not Fannins self more impudently near,
When half his nose was in his Prince's ear."
The reader is not likely to have forgotten
Sporus "at the ear of Eve," or Pope's explana-
tion of the Lord Fanny of his former satire :
" Fanny, my Lord, is tlie plain English of Fan-
nius — a real person, who was a foolish critic, and
enemy of Horace ; perhaps a noble one." And
Pope then says of himself, " As my satire has al-
ways been directed against known vice, acknow-
ledged folly, or aggressing impertinence," I deserve
" some countenance even from the greatest per-
sons in the country. Your Lordship knows of
whom I speak. Their names I shall be as sorry,
and as much ashamed, to place near your* on such
an occasion, as I should be to see you, my Lord,
placed so near their persons, if you could ever
make so ill an use of their ear as to asperse or
misrepresent any innocent man."
There were other changes in the quarto ; but
my immediate purpose is only to show that Donne's
satire had been published anonymously two years
before the quarto ; that if it were " versified," as I
believe, when Oxford was Lord Treasurer, it was
so far altered in 1733, that it passed as a satire
provoked by "the vicious court" and courtiers
of Queen Caroline. D.
WILLIAM STRODE (3rd S. ii. 23.)— My atten-
tion has been called to a letter in " N. & Q.,M
from ME. ROWLAND PRICE, giving a reference to
a sermon preached on the death of the William
Strode of the Long Parliament, which demon-
strates his identity with the Strode of 1628-9. If
that gentleman refers to The Critic newspaper of
November 24, 1860, he will see that I have there
given some lengthened extracts from this sermon
for a similar purpose with his own. He will also
see in that communication some additional proofs
of the identity of the Strodes from the Journals
of the Commons, and some particulars of the
family of the patriot, and especially of his mother.
The only fact I need repeat here, is, that this
William Strode, " of Meavy-church," in Devon-
shire, was the second son of Sir William Strode
of Newnham Park, near Plympton, in the same
county, a distinguished member of the Parlia-
ments of James I.
Besides the William Strode of " Barrington,"
near Shop ton- Mullet, in Somersetshire, who sat
for Ilchester in the latter years of the Long Par-
liament, and who was the son of Geoffrey Strode,
there i* another Devonshire William Strode, who
sat for Plymouth in the first and second Parlia-
ments of Charles I. Beyond this fact, I can
ascertain nothing respecting him ; but perhaps
some of your readers may be able to supplv a
clue. The most likely person in the genealogical
tree of the Strodes of Devonshire seems to me to
be a William Strode, " of Ugborough," son of the
Rev. Sampson Strode, rector of Dittisham. This
William Strode was a first cousin of Sir William.
J. LANQTON SANFOED.
Athenaeum Club.
S. II. AUG. 9, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
113
CRUELTY TO ANIMALS (3rd S. ii. 86.) — The
Society issues tracts for distribution well adapted
to the apprehension of the class of persons having
the care of animals, and which may be obtained
by a subscriber to the Society on application to
the secretary. The Society has also granted pre-
miums for essays advocating humanity to animals.
See Youatfs Humanity to Brutes for example.
JULIA B.
Lichfield.
I cannot tell W. B. whether the Society for the
Prevention of Cruelty to Animals has published
pamphlets to second their efforts; but if he will
look back to the Debates he will find a speech of
Lord Erskine in support of his Bill for Preven-
tion of.Cruelty to Animals, commonly called " The
Humanity Bill ; " and if he should be able to
have access to any collection of caricatures of that
time, he will find one of Lord Erskine in a gig
with a thin worn out horse which he is flogging,
and underneath is written "Canvassing for the
Humanity Bill." SM. DE.
COVERDALE'S BIBLE (3rd S. i. 433 ; ii. 10, 35,
72.) — I have compared the description EI>WARD
A. DAYMAN has given in No. 30 of " N". & Q.,"
and, as I stated in my letter which you have been
so good as to insert in that number, * that I sup-
posed the text of his 4to Bible is that of Cranmer,
1550, so it proves to be, for every point he has
given is that of the Bible by Whitchurch, 4to,
1550, except that " Psalter" is not spelt with a
capital on the third title-page ; this I conclude
to be an error in quoting from the book. I say
so much having suggested that the Bible is made
up of two or more editions. I can see no difficulty
in the question when it could have been made up.
I should say at any time since 1550. I have
found many Bibles made up of different editions.
Some were so mixed I have no doubt when first
issued ; many others have been so treated simply
because the owner of the Bible wished to com-
plete an imperfect copy, and made to appear a
proper book with*a title, and the leaves for read-
ing ; whilst others have been made perfect for
sale or otherwise. I have found a large folio
Grimmer with a title of May, 1541, and the last
leaf the same imprint (so far correct) but the
volume consisted of six different editions. I know
in a public library a first Bishops' Bible, 1568,
with a title 1611 ; and in another, a 1613 Bible,
with leaves of 1611 bound in it. I could name
many such Bibles, but I need not enlarge.
FRANCIS FRY.
Gotham, Bristol.
DURNFORD FAMILY (3rd S. i. 492 ; ii. 57.) —
SPAL asks what connection there is between
* In my letter, Esther should have been stated to end
on fol. cxx., and not on xx.
Susanna, wife of the Rev. Thomas Durnford, and
Stillingfleet, Bishop of Worcester ? I can inform
him. In the chancel of the church of Cranborne,
Dorset, is a tablet with the following inscrip-
tion : —
" To the memory of Samuel Stillingfleet, Esq., and
Mary Symonds, his wife. She died, July 11, 1740, £et. 68 ;
he, March 13, 1750, aet. 85. He was nephew to the learn'd
Dr. Edward Stillingfleet, Bishop of Worcester. This
monument was erected by their eldest daughter, Susanna
Durnford, wife to the Rev. Mr. Durnford, late Minister
of Rockborne and Whitsbury."
W. W. S.
THE CLIMATE OP ENGLAND (3rd S. i. 485 ; ii. 37.)
It is a matter of curious research to trace the
various speculations which have been indulged in
from time to time, as to the changes of the Eng-
lish climate. I had lately an opportunity of look-
ing over a now.forgotten book, by a Mr. Williams,
On the Climate of Great Britain, with remarks on
the changes it had undergone in the preceding
fifty years. Mr. Williams in this work states, that
the hawthorn shrub, the crategus oxyacantha, being
the shrub of which English fences are made, is
highly injurious. The early protrusion of its
vernal foliage, together with the highly manured
pastures, tend to generate a vaporous atmosphere,
which becomes condensed in the upper regions of
the air, and descends again in the shape of snow,
hail, and cold rain. He suggests that instead of
the hawthorn, the holly, ilex aquifolium, should be
used. He says that the holly scarcely exhales at
all in winter, and that, in fact, the proportionate
exhalation of the hawthorn and the holly is as
nine to one. Mr. Williams also condemns canals,
and he says that the increased quantity of aque-
ous surface which had obtained for the last fifty
or sixty years of the last century, had tended to
increase the vapour and cloud of our unsettled
atmosphere. The book contains very much of the
same kind of speculation. The author seems quite
oblivious to the fact that the work of improve-
ment by reclaiming land from the sea by drainage
and by cultivating districts of fen and swamp, had
reduced the amount of aqueous surface to a much
greater degree than the causes he names had in-
creased it. He seems to have taken it for granted
that our climate had become more moist, a con-
clusion opposite to the fact. It is curious as the
crotchet of a clever man. T. B.
" AND YOUR PETITIONER SHALL EVER PRAY,"
&c. (lrt S. vii. 596.) — A correspondent shows the
conclusion of this phrase to have been " for your
Majesty's most prosperous reign." It has often
been asked why this phrase should be also ap-
pended to petitions to the House of Commons,
though applicable enough to those addressed to a
monarch. In the Proceedings in the County of
Kent, published by the Camden Society, a most
114
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. AUG. 9, '62.
interesting volume, containing a great many pe-
titions to the House of Commons against the epi-
scopal clergy (some of which are absurd enough),
we find, in several cases, the termination is for
" the prosperous successe of this highe and ho-
nourable Court of Parliament." At about what
period was this termination disused, and the ab-
breviated form adopted, or is it still continued at
length in the engrossed documents actually pre-
sented to the House ? A. A.
Poets' Corner.
SLAVERY (3rd S. i. 282.)— If we reduce the
blending of two constructions, as Winer expresses
it, to the ordinary grammatical form, for the pur-
pose of interpretation, we shall have [/yJ.uos] <ru>n<i-
TCDV KO! tyux&v (instead of Vt/xds) avdpu/vuv, cor-
t> y
responding to the Philoxenian Syriac, H i y /"I
tee 7 e e T t
(• > >»,2> (^ ti °\ IP |r-iih-£> meaning [cargo*]
of living human beings^ (Rev.xviii. 13). The Greek
writer of the Revelation thought in Hebrew, that
is (in the New Testament sense), the dialect since
designated West Aramaean, but closely allied to
the Syriac.
There is no authority for translating criafia by
slave, for Alford quotes Pollux as stating that
cruJuarc a7r\cSs OVK tiv eZVotj, aAAo cr^yuoro SoOAa (iii. 78);
and Phrynichus, crt&paTa M Ttav uviuv av$pair65<ai>,
oiov (TuuaTa irwAtfTcu, ou xprjlvTat of ap\a7ui (p. 378).
On the other hand, the Hebrew equivalent of ifn/x^,
tPiM, means a slave, as does ^/~»J3 in Arabic ; so
also in the later Greek compounds, tyvxayuyeu, to
kidnap ; tyvxdpirat, a kidnapper ; and tyvxt/J-iropas,
human traffic.
Bengel thought the a-^ara meant those slaves
who carried their masters and their goods, whilst
tj/yxaf meant those slaves who were on sale ; but
such distinction is conjectural, like that of Rosen-
miiller, who says the former word means slaves,
the latter men. T. J. BUCK/TON.
Lichfield.
RECOVERT FROM APPARENT DEATH (3rd S. ii.
25.) — Cases of this kind are by no means rare.
I know of two fully authenticated, which have not
to my knowledge been publicly recorded. The
circumstances of one, which I will name, were
related to me about twenty years ago by a mem-
ber of the Society of Friends in Nottingham-
shire ; and they were well known to all his family,
in whose presence the relation was made. It is
illustrative of a strange fallacy in medical treat-
ment. A young woman had an attack of virulent
small-pox, and was treated in the method once
' In Greek ami Syriac the word rendered " merchan-
dise " means weight, load, lading, freight.
t This form of expression is not found elsewhere in
Scripture.
adopted by the faculty, even within the recoil
tion of men living. The patient was shut
from fresh air, for the doors and windows were
kept closed as much as possible ; and, in addition
to this, with the view of keeping the patient warm,
the bed was covered by clothes and hanj;iiii:s.
Under this treatment, the young woman 1
of to all appearance died. There was no ?i^n of
life. The attendants proceeded to prepare the
corpse for what is commonly termed " laying out."
As a first step, they threw open the doors and
windows, and removed the hangings from the bed.
They then washed the body ; and, in this process,
were startled by the signs of returning life. In a
short time, the supposed corpse was able to con-
verse. The introduction of the fresh air had re-
vived the dying functions ; and at the time the
relation was made to me, the woman was living.
I never saw the woman ; but my informants w«
persons of much intelligence and of strict
racity, and were well acquainted with the woms
both before and after her singular recovery,
case was well known to many persons in tl
neighbourhood. T. B.
THE ORGAN AT ALLHALLOWS, BARKING (3rd !
ii. 26.) — 1 am not able to satisfy MR. G. R. Coi
NER with any particulars respecting " Antor
Duddington, the Organ Maker," nor the org
which he erected ; but, it occurs to me that tY
following description of the present organ in
hallows, Barking, may be acceptable to him ai
others of your readers. The most ancient part of
this instrument was erected by the celebrated
Renatus Harris, in 1675. It consisted of a great
organ and " echo," the predecessor of the modern
swell. In 1726, the choir organ was added to
this instrument, «.nd Harris's work repaired and
improved at an expense of 80Z., collected by volun-
tary subscriptions ; the parishioners having been
stimulated to undertake the work by an anony-
mous gift of 100Z. for the choir organ. The organ
now consists of —
Great Organ, compass GG to E, ten stops,
viz. : —
1. Open diapason; 2. Stop diapason ; 3. Princi-
pal ; 4. Principal ; 5. Twelfth ; 6. Fifteenth ; 7.
Cornet, not in use ; 8. Sesquialtra ; 9. Mixture ;
10. Trumpet.
Swell, the old " Echo " improved ; compass
tenor C to E ; six stops, viz. : —
1. Open diapason ; 2. Stop diapason ; 3. Prin-
cipal ; 4. Cornet ; 5. Trumpet ; 6. Hautboy.
Choir Organ, compass from GG to E ; six
stops, viz. : —
1. Stop diapason; 2. Principal; 3. Dulciana;
4. Fifteenth ; 5. Cremona.
Unfortunately for the modern player, there are
no couplers nor pedal pipes ; and many of the
stops are choked with dust, the pipes scarcely
S. II. AUG. 9, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
115
speaking their proper tones. Were the reeds
regulated, and the diapasons augmented, this in-
strument would be highly effective — one of the
finest in London. At present it is in a state of
great neglect, and requires only a musician to
descry its sadly marred but reparable qualities.
JUXTA TURBIM.
PEGLER THE ARTIST (3rd S. i. 372.) — Pegler
was a young man who attracted considerable
notice, when a student at the Royal Academy, by
painting two portraits of his sisters, handsome
girls ; shortly after which (I believe the next
year), he died. He never was a pupil of Sir
Thomas Lawrence. FRANK HOWARD.
THE NAME OF JESUS (3rd S. ii. 84.) — It
appears that this feast was appointed to be ob-
served perpetually in the province of York by
Archbishop Rotherham, with the assent of his
| clergy. This is mentioned in the will of that
prelate, dated 1498, (and printed among the notes
to Hearne's Liber Niger Scaccarii,) which begins
with the following words : —
"In Dei nomine, Amen. Ego Thomas Rotherham,
archiepiscopus Ebor. sanus mente, laus Deo, sexto die
mensis August! in festo Translacionis Jhesu, et festo
ejusdem Nominis, quae festa in provincia mea, ex decreto
meo et cleri mei assensu, pro perpetuo statui celebranda,"
&c.
(Hearne has printed Translacionis, which is
probably a misreading of Transfigurations, as the
former word could scarcely have been intention-
ally substituted.) J. G. N.
As authorities are at fault, we may be allowed
to conjecture. The feast of the most holy name
of Jesus is kept by the Romish church the second
Sunday after Epiphany, this year January 19.*
On July 31, in that church, the Feast of St. Igna-
tius Loyola, Confessor, is kept, the octave of
which is on August 7, when our Feast of the
Name of Jesus is to be kept in the Established
Church, but no such octave is kept by the Ro-
manists, and Loyola was not a saint when our
Liturgy was compiled. The theoretically correct
day would be the Circumcision (Luke ii. 21).
The English church, therefore, has retained the
memorial in the Calendar, but has placed it in
Trinity instead of Epiphany. T. J. BUCKTON.
Lichfield.
ST. LUKE : SIMILE OP A WOMAN TO THE MOON
(1st S. vi. 507, 615; xii. 132, 176, 195.) — Lyne's
verses, " In Divuni Lucrtrn Evangelistam et Me-
dicum," were printed, without the author's name,
in Popham's Selecta Poemata Anglorum Latina,
2nd edit., London, 1779, 8vo, p. 34. The varia-
tions from LORD BRAYBROOKE'S version are, " Lu-
* In 1855 it full on January 14, the earliest possible
date.
cas," " valens," and " iste" for " Luca," "potens"
and " ille." In the same volume (p. 49), also
anonymously, are the lines on "Luna est Fcemina,"
as given by D. S. in I8* S. xii. 176.
JOSEPH Rix, M.D.
St. Neot's.
WHITEHEAD FAMILY (3rd S. ii. 68.) — The
Whiteheads were an old Hampshire family seated
at Norman's Court, West Tytherley, Hants, ever
since the time of Edw. IV. I have the following
memorandums respecting them : —
Arms. Az. a fesse, between 3 fleurs-de-lis or.
Crest. A wolf sejant ar.
John Whitehead was sheriff 9 Edw. IV.
Sir Henry Whitehead was sheriff 7 James I.
Richard Whitehead was sheriff 1 1 Chas. I.
One of the daughters of Henry Whitehead, by
name Anne, married Sir Robt. Smyth, of Upton,
Essex, and had issue three sons. Sir Robert was
M,P. for Andover, 10 William III.
The heiress of this family, being heiress also to
the Nortons of Southwick, carried these estates
to the Thistlethwaites of Winterslow, Wilts ; who
was settled there about the time of Queen Eliza-
beth, as appears by the Visitation Books of Wilts.
One of the Thistlethwaites was M.P. for the
county of Hants in 1789. SAM. SHAW.
Andover.
LITERATURE OF LUNATICS (3rd S. i. 451, 500 ;
ii. 76.) —
" A sober and charitable Disquisition concerning the
Importance of the Doctrine of the Trinity, particularly
with regard to Worship and the Doctrine of Satisfaction,
endeavouring to show that those in the different Schemes
should bear with each other in their different Sentiments ;
nor separate Communions, and cast one another out of
Christian Fellowship on this Account."
Recommended by the celebrated Job Orton.
"'A fit Rebuke to a ludicrous Infidel ; in some Remarks
on Mr. Woolston's 5th Discourse on the Miracles of our
Saviour. With a Preface concerning the Prosecution of
such Writers by the Civil Powers."
Dr. Leland observes, that this piece " is written
with great smartness and spirit."
" Defence of the Religion of Nature, and the Christian
Revelation against the defective Account of the one, and
the Exceptions against the other, in a Book entitled
'Christianity as old as the Creation.' "
Styled by Dr. Leland " a solid and excellent
answer" to Tindal.
These works were published by Simon Browne,
who laboured under the singular delusion —
" That Almighty God, by a singular instance of divine
power had, in a gradual manner, annihilated in him
the thinking substance and utterly divested him of con-
sciousness: that, though he retained the human shape,
and the faculty of speaking, in a manner that appeared
to others rational, he had all the while no more notion
of what he said than a parrot. And, very consistently
with this, he looked upon himself as no longer a moral
agent — a subject of reward or punishment."
116
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. AUG. 9,
To the last piece he had prefixed a very singu-
lar dedication to Queen Caroline. This his friends
found means at the time to suppress ; but a copy
of it was published in The Advertiser, No. 88.
There is a very interesting account of this ex-
traordinary man, full of information respecting
him in Biog. Brit., vol. ii. pp. 646, 647 ; and Wil-
son, History and Antiquity of Dissenting Churches,
vol. ii. pp. 338, 358. SAM. SHAW.
Andovcr.
FACT FOE GEOLOGISTS (3rJ S. ii. 65.) — This
piece of rock is only another instance of a large
boulder, no doubt dropped from an iceberg and
deposited in the bed of the then sea. Such
boulders are known weighing 3,000 tons. Some
very interesting information on this subject is
contained in De la Beche's Geological Observer,
London, Longman & Co., 1853. A. W. M.
I should advise A. V. W. to obtain a small
piece of the stone and get it analysed ; as, pro-
bably, it may be a portion of a large aerolite.
THETANE.
CORRECT ABMORT (3rd S. ii. 66.) — It is not
unusual for a chief to be of metal when the field
is also of metal, or for both chief and field to be
of colour. The French heralds distinguish these
chiefs as chiefs "cousu," or sewed, and thus
blason them. For example, the family of Lesdi-
guieres bears : " De gueules au lion d'or, au chef
cousu d'azur charge de trois roses d'argent."
The town of Lyons: "De gueules au lion d'argent
au chef cousu d'azur semee de fleur-de-lys d'or."
The same term is also applied to any other
ordinary if placed metal on metal, or colour on
colour: thus Stens, in Misnia, bears — " Sinople
a deux chevrons cousus et appointed de gueules,
a. la rose d'argent brochant sur les deux pointes
des chevrons."
For one authority, see Nouvelle Methode rai-
sonee du Blason, par P. Menestrier, 8vo, Lyons,
1780. A. W. M.
TREBLE (2nd S. i. 195, &c.) — Is not this simply
the third, or triple part, of those which form the
chorus and accompany the bassus, or ground of
the harmony ? The first is the tenor, to which
the plain chant or melody was generally given ;
the second the counter-tenor, or part supporting
the tenor ; and the third the treble, or triple part
of the chorus. A. A.
RABBIT (8'd S. i. 403; ii. 18, &c.) — -When a
joiner makes a sinking in a piece of woo<l, he
calls it "a rabbet;" and the plane he forms it
with, "a rabbet- plane." Some have supposed
this word to be " rebate," not a very intelligible
derivation. It is^much more probably taken from
the French rabut, a plane. Is it possible, that
rabbit may mean the animal which makes rabbets
or sinkings in the earth? In some count r
their holes are called " rabbit stops." The rub!
plane has a shifting piece of wood by its sit
which is also called a " stop." A.
Poeta' Corner.
I WIGS (3rd S. i. 436; ii. 17.) — In confirmati
of the opinion, that wigs were so called beca
made with whey, i. e. wig or whig, I may mention
that there is a very common saying in North-
amptonshire : " As sour as a wig." We always
understood this to refer either to the whey itself,
or to the cakes known as wigs or whigs.
B. H. C.
QUOTATION (3rd S. i. 488.)—" See how the
Christians love one another," is not " the last forr,
of this phrase. Gibbon, on hearing of some the
logical quarrel carried on with great bitterne
exclaimed : " See how these Christians love o
another ! " ESTJ
SorjL-FooD (3rd S. ii. 76.)— Soul or sowl,
or was, used in the north of England " for ai
thing eaten with bread," which explains why
may sometimes mean " butter." Warner rende
the obs. words soul, sowl, " to afford suitable su
tenance;" and Webster seems to connect it wit
the Sax. sujl, sufel, broth, pottage.
R. S. CHARNOCI
POTTER AND LTJMLEY FAMILIES (3rd S. ii. 67.)
According to some, the family of Lumley,
Lumly, were originally from Lumellina, or Lome
lina : a district in the Sardinian States, said
have been anciently inhabited by the Levi
Lebui, a people of Liguria. There is also '
city of Lumello, vulgo Lomello, which was
inhabited by the same people, and mentioned
Tit. Livy, and Pliny ; and Laumellum, or Lui
line, was the name of an ancient province
Normandy. Others say that the Lumleys we
from Lumley Castle, on the banks of the Weare,
in Durham. We find in records, " Radus de"
Lumhalges," " Thomas del Lurahalge ;" and I
inclined to think that this must be the origin
the name Lumley, the last syllable of which woi
seem to be from halgh, Scot, haugh, halcke, '
low-lying flat ground on the bank of a river;"
whilst the first syllable of the name may be that
of a river or brook (the Lun, Lum, Learn).
R. S. CHARNOCK.
PASSAGE IN BACON (3rd S. ii. 65.) —The follow-
ing passage, from Mr. Thrupp's Anglo-Saxon Home
(Longman & Co., 1862), affords such an illustra-
I tion of the practice of " removing the lot," alluded
to in Bacon's essay Of Envy, as MR. WRIGHT
desires : —
" Diseases of which nothing was understood, such aa
epilepsy or insanity, were supposed to arise from the
influence of demons, and were dealt with accordingly.
The Anglo-Saxons had a notion, common to many
3rd S. II. AUG. 9, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
117
nations, that evil spirits could not be conjured out of one
man unless they were conjured into another, or into
something else. The disease was, therefore, commonly
charmed into a stick, and the stick thrown into a high-
way ; that it might be effectually separated from the
sufferer. It was supposed that the disease, or evil spirit,
would enter into the first person who picked it up." —
P. 276.
Mr. Thrupp adds, in a note : —
" In Wales it is, or was, not long ago, common to charm
away warts by pricking them with a thorn, and then
throwing the thorn across a highway. It is believed
that the warts will pass to the first person who picks up
the thorn. Children are forbidden to touch pieces of
paper, and other things which they find lying in the
road, for fear that they should thereby catch some
disease."
J. P.
SYDSERFF (3rd S. ii. 67) is a corruption of St.
Serf, or Serffii, i. e. St. Servanus.
R. S. CHAENOCK.
ANONYMOUS WORKS (3rd S. ii. 65.) — Poems,
consisting of Tales, Fables, Epigrams, frc., by
Nobody, were written by Mr. James Robinson, an
actor connected with the theatre at York. He
retired from the profession in 1779, after forty
years' service, and died at York, Aug. 18, 1795,
aged eighty-two. Most, if not all, of the pieces
contained in the above collection were reprinted in
1773, with the author's name, under the title of
Poems on Several Occasions. S. HALKETT.
Advocates' Library.
BEELZEBUB'S LETTER (3rd S. ii. 6.) The Letter
from, the Prince of the Infernal Legions (not
Regions as J. M. has it) was written by John
Campbell, LL.D., the well known historical, bio-
graphical, and political author.
The Invective Epistle, to which it professes to
be an answer, was Bishop Sherlock's Letter to the
Clergy and People of London and Westminster, on
occasion of the late Earthquakes, 4to. Lond. 1750.
S. HALKETT.
Advocates' Library.
WALKINSHAW FAMILY (2nd S.xi. 67.) — J. B.
desired some information as to four of the ten
daughters of John Walkinshaw of Barrowfield,
and (at p. 137 of the same volume) I showed that
one of the four, Barbara, died in April, 1780. I
have just observed in the Edinburgh Magazine
for 1787, p. 482, a notice of the death of another,
thus recorded, of date 27th February of that
year : —
" At Edinburgh, Mrs. p:iizabeth Walkinshaw, daughter
of the deceased John Walkinshaw, Esq. of Barrowfield."
^ Two of them have still to be accounted for —
viz. Anna and Jean, one of whom, according to
J. B., must have been a maid of honour to the
mother of King George III. As to this I may
notice, that Chamberlayne's State of Britain, which
was published annually for many successive years,
contains lists of that royal lady's household. I
have the volumes of it for 1741 and 1755, in
neither of which does the name of Miss Walkin-
shaw appear; but should J. B. get access to the
other volumes he may probably find the name, if
his supposition is correct. G. J.
Edinburgh.
PEERAGE OF 1720 (3rd S. ii. 67.) — Perhaps the
following Notes of all the Peerages known to me,
as having been published between 1718 and 1720,
may enable your correspondent to identify the
author of the Peerage in his possession.
1718. " The British Compendium; or a particular Ac-
count of all the present Nobility, both Spiritual and
Temporal, from His Majesty to the Commoner. Also an
Account of all the Bishopricks and Deaneries, &c. Like-
wise the Arms and Coronets of the Peers, &c. To which
is added an Introduction to the Ancient and most noble
Science of Heraldry." 12mo.*
1719. "A Second and Third Edition of the last Article,
with large Additions and Correction?." Both 12mo.
1720: (Scotland.) "Rudiments of Honour; or, the Se-
cond Part of the British Compendium: wherein is con-
tained a particular Account of the present Nobility of
Scotland, or North Britain — viz. their Descents, Public
Transactions, Titles, Posts, Marriages, Intermarriages,
Seats, and Issue: with all their Coats of Arms," &c.
12mo.
1720. "The Theatre of British Honours; being an
Account of the present Nobility, with what has happened
remarkable to them or their Ancestors," &c. 12mo.
" The last Work republished in the same year,
with Plates of the Arms engraven ; the Frontispiece to
the Plates containing the imprimatur of the Earl Mar-
shall." 12mo.
G.
CAXTON, PINSON, ETC. (2nd S. viii. 44.) — Three
years ago I had the fortune to discover a volume
which I took the precaution to make a note of.
That note, printed by you, attracted attention,
and the consequence has been the sale of the
volume in question, which, but for " N. & Q.,"
would have remained in obscurity. The following
extract will show the importance of the services
which you are from, time to time enabled to
render : —
" UNIQUE BOOK PRINTED BY CAXTON. — In a sale of
choice illustrated and other books, county histories, &c.,
which during the past week passed under the hammer of
Messrs. Puttick and Simpson, of Leicester Square, there
occurred a volume of theological tracts, including two
works from the presses of Caxton and Pynson, hitherto
unknown by bibliographers. That printed by Caxton
consisted of the office for Transfiguration Day, on ten
leaves, and that by Pynson, the office for the succeed-
ing day, occupying twenty-four leaves. An additional
interest attached to this book from the circumstance of
its being the first printed in England for the service of
the Church. The volume was sold, after an active
* The first edition of this work, which was subse-
quently extended to Scotland and Ireland, and continued
to be published at intervals for many years, under the
editorship of Francis Nichols, who was employed by the
booksellers.
118
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3«» S. II. AUG. 9, '€2.
competition, for 2007. Its destination is believed to be
the British Museum."
I need not add that I had no interest in the
book referred to, beyond a purely literary one.
B. H. C.
THE FINGER-BURNING CHAPLAIN or COVENTRY
(3rd S. i. 348.) — E. N. H. alludes probably to a
very modern phrase, which, however, belongs to
Warwick. Some few years ago, there was great
excitement here on account of the then chaplain
of Warwick Gaol, or some clergyman in the
neighbourhood, having thrust into a flame the
fin«er of a woman condemned to death, in order
to touch her hardened conscience by the physical
pains of the world to come. I have no doubt this
is the origin of the phrase, and will search our
local journals for the particulars, if E. N. H.
wishes to see them. ESTE.
A-KiMBO (3rd S. ii. 86.) — If Walter Scott had
written correctly "with arm a-kimbo, fist clenched
and extended," the word " arms" would be an
error of the press. He must have heard the song
of Mathews I., where occur the words —
" With one arm so,
And t'other kimbo,
Look'd very much like a tea-kettle."
This great comedian projected his right fore-
arm to the words " With one arm so," and then
curved his left arm, touching his hip with his
left hand ; the first action represented the kettle-
spout, the second, the kettle handle. The atti-
tu'le of defiance assumed by Billingsgate women,
Irish and Scotch women, &c., is to put both hands
to their hips and to project the elbows, that is,
both arms a-kimbo (curvati), but the excitement
of Walter Scott's eidolon housekeeper was so
great as to make her clench one fist and extend
it ready for a blow and something more than a
scratch. T. J. BOCKTON.
Lichfield.
PHARAOH'S STEAM VESSELS (3rd S. i. 485 ; ii.
78.) — In answer to SIR T. E. WINNINGTON, who
has done me the honour of noticing my contribu-
bution, I cannot recollect where I met with the
statement that one of the Pharaohs of Egypt
had steam- vessels. That I have somewhere seen
it so stated I am quite certain.
Owing to my careless, desultory way of reading,
I frequently cannot refer to authorities for any
information I may have acquired on any subject.
W.D.
A STRANGE STORY (3rd S. ii. 67.) — The story
has recently been related in a paper on " English
and Irish Juries" in All the Year Round, July 12,
1862, and the presiding judge is stated to have
been Sir James Dyce, Chief Justice of the Court
of Common Pleas. The judge, astonished at the
verdict of acquittal in so plain a case, sought an
interview with the foreman, who, having pre-
viously obtained a promise of secresy during
lifetime, confessed that he had killed the UKUI in
a struggle in self-defence, and said that he had
caused himself to be placed on the jury in or>U
to ensure his acquittal. E. MARSHALL.
LISLE, OB INSULA (3rd S. ii. 66.)— Brian de In-
sula died without issue, and his heirs did not
his name. They were Thomas Brito and Alicia hia
wife, Wm. de Glamorgan, and Ralph de Scophat
(Excerpt, e Rot. Finium, 18 Hen. III. m. 2).
two latter were perhaps sons of sisters of Briar
and Alicia another sister, whom he may have
married to his ward, Brito : —
" Brienus de Insula dat Regi 120 marcas et unum
fridum pro habenda custodia et maritagio pueror
Witti Britonis de Sidelis," &c.
Your correspondent C. will find informatioi
respecting Brian de Insula and his relatives '~
Foss's Judges of England, ii. 370 ; the Monastico
v. 317—319, vii. 1041; and Worsley's Isle
Wight, Append, liv. — lix. Ixiv. Mr. Foss says:
"No record appears which intimates the lineaj
of Brian de I." He snems to have been the per
son mentioned in the following record, Rot. Curia
Regis, 1 John : —
" Sudhamton. Assisa inter Robertum do Insnla tenen-
tem et Warinum de Aula petentem de terra de Me
destan ponatur in respectum sine die, quamdiu Briani
films Robert! fuerit in servicio dm Regis ultra mare
preceptum ipsius Regis."
On the same ground, in 4 John, a furthe
respite was ordered. The Harl. MS., SOI (f. 88]
which gives this record, states that the name o
Robert's father was Brian ; and adds the pedi-
gree, as drawn from the Roll : —
" Brianus de Insula :
Robertas =
I
Brianus. " •
Mordestan (Moteston, Mottiston,) is frequentlj
mentioned, in Inq. P. M., as the property of tt
Glnmorgans. •
The arms of Brian de Lisle are said to have
been, " Gti. a lion passant arg., crowned or," but
no authority is given. In the Harl. Collection
there is a charter (£2, B. 33) of his widow.
The seal l:as three crescents and a carton ; and
the inscription is " Sigillum Grace de Lile."
F. L.
CATS AND VALERIAN (V. officinalis) (3rd S. i
426.) — It is commonly believed that cats aw
very fond of this plant, but I never saw, read,
or heard of their rolling themselves upon it ; in
fact, I do not see what pleasure they could deri
S. II. AUG. 9, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
119
I from that exercise, as the scent -which they are
said to be so fond of is in the root of the plant,
and not detected until exposed to the air. _
I have often taken the powder of valerian root
and placed it before a cat without perceiving it
had any attraction for that animal. With respect
to the cat's liking the Nemophila, I much doubt.
I have had the plant growing in my garden many
years, but never saw a cat roll on it. Cats cer-
| tainly delight to bask in sunshine where the ground
'' is dry, and may there roll over the Nemdphila, or
any other small annuals which happen to be near
; them, not because they like the one better than
the other, but because the plants grow in dry
places. The valerian, be it observed, grows in
damp, shady places.
The following is taken from Topsell's Four-
1 footed Beasts, 1658, page 81 : —
" The root of the herb valerian (commonly called Phu~),
is very like to the eye of a cat, and wheresoever it
groweth, if cats come thereunto they instantly dig it up
for the love thereof, as I myself have seen in mine own
garden, for it smelleth moreover like a cat."
Your correspondent asks, How may plants be
preserved from the depredation of cats ? 1 would
advise him to plant some rue near to his flowers ;
for according to Topsell they cannot abide rue,
and he quotes Pliny, who says : —
" To keep cats from hunting hens, they used to tie a
little wild rue under their wings ; and so likewise from
dovecotes, if they set it in the windows, they dare not
approach unto it."
S. BEISLY.
HINCHLIFFE FAMILY (3rd S. ii. 46, 97.) —
Warburton (London and Middlesex, illustrated
ed. 1749), if correctly quoted by H. G. is, I
think, mistaken in stating that Frances, the wife
of Thomas Hinchliff', of London, merchant, was
the daughter of Sir Michael Wentworth, of
Wooley, co. York, knight.
In Fulham churchyard there is a tombstone
with an inscription to the memory of Thomas
Hinchliff, which states her to have been " the
only daughter of the Reverend Mr. Marshall
Brydges, Chancellor of the Cathedral Church of
Wells, and of the family of Tibberton, in the
county of Hereford." She died May 29, 1747,
set. 40, and her husband on November 23, 1762,
a? .59.
I shall be happy to send a copy of the in-
scription to any one interested on the point, and
may mention that I am now taking exact copies
of all the inscriptions in Fulham churchyard.
The amount of mistakes in those given in
Faulkner's History of Fulham is almost in-
credible. WALTER RYE.
King's Road, Chelsea, S.W.
DREWSTEIGNTON CROMLECH (3rd S. ii. 70.) —
The communication, as furnished by MR. OMEROD,
is so far satisfactory to all interested in these
ancient relics, as it shows the probability of the
immediate restoration of the cromlech ; but if
MR. ORMEHOD'S account of the fall is correct, it
is very unlikely, even if replaced, that it will
long remain in its pristine form unless great pre-
cautions are taken. Now I would suggest that a
railing of some kind be erected round it, so as
to prevent any decrease of the soil by tillage
affecting its position ; and also, as it is situated
so near the road, a small path might be railed off',
so as to prevent visitors trampling on the corn,
which they must now do before they can reach it ;
and 1 do not imagine that the person who farms
the property would suffer any loss by this course,
as I noticed the crop was very scanty and poor
between the hedge and cromlech. If this is the
only perfect cromlech in Devonshire, it is an
additional reason why the greatest care should
be used to its preservation. And I am sure the
inhabitants of that county, though not all anti-
quaries, would ill brook the loss of such a valuable
relic as the Drewsteignton Cromlech, whilst many
a visitor, tracing the TtaXaibv ?xv°£ of Time, would
grieve immeasurably over these fallen remains.
I should have thought that this cromlech would
have been proof against the fury of the winds,
as the incumbent stone is not nearly so heavy as
many others in Great Britain. It is greatly to be
hoped that the attempt to replace the Spinsters'
Rock may prove quite successful, and all praise
will be due to MR. ORMEROD for his furthering
this end. I am glad to hear that " the cause of
the fall is not to be ascribed to foul play," which,
from what I had heard in Drewsteignton and the
neighbourhood, I had feared was the fact.
J. Bo WEN ROWLANDS.
PENNY HEDGE AT WHITBY (3rd S. ii. 88.) —
" Then Whitby's nuns exulting told,
How to their house three Barons bold
Must menial service do."
Marmion, c. ii. s. 13.
Your correspondent will find a long note rela-
tive to this curious custom attached to the above
lines in all the recent editions of Sir Walter
Scott's Poems. K. P. D. E.
Sows AND PIGS OF METAL (3rd S. ii. 84.) —
The word " sow," the name given to the gutter
into which the fused metal is run from a blast
furnace, may probably derive thus : Sanskrit
(root) su, sava, water ; old German, sou (Latin,
SMCCMS), moisture ; Gael, sugh, a wave, in con-
nection with which latter may be taken Ir. sogh,
signifying tranquil. The rivers Sow in England
possess this characteristic ; as also the Suck, a
tributary of the Shannon, and the Suire, in Ire-
land. The word, as a probable etymon, and its
apparent meaning of " still river," may be traced
in the river names of various countries in Europe.
120
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3«» & II. f
Allowing for differences in language, it may, in
Germany, be detected in the Save or Sau, and in
the Stive which empties itself into the Elbe ; the
Save, which enters the Garonne, and the Sevre,
in France ; the Savio, the Sieve, and the Saona,
in Italy; the Seva in Russia; and in cognate
names of rivers in other countries. This conjec-
tural derivation, being supported by the fact that
" Sough" is still in use in England to designate
sluggish water, may possibly aid C. T. in the elu-
cidation of the word " Sow " as a river name.
J. HOGGE DUFFY.
f&ttttttimtaut.
NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.
We have this week to note the appearance of several
volumes of literary interest, but which, from the fact
of tlieir being privately printed, are not properly amen-
able to critical comment. Not that they need fear
criticism ; but, as the manner in which they are given to
the world does not invite it, we shall confine ourselves
to noticing their objects and contents. The first to which
we have to call attention have been edited by Mr. J. P.
Collier, and are the first three of the series of Reprints,
limited to fifty copies, which he has issued at co»t price
to subscribers, on the plan proposed by him sometime
since in The Athenceum. They are —
I. A Piththy Note to Papists All and Some That joy in
Felton's Martirdome, Sec. 1570.
Knell, the contemporary of Tarlton, witnessed the exe-
cution of Felton, who was hanged and quartered in -St.
Paul's Churchyard, on 8th Aug. 1570, for placing the
Pope's Bull upon the palace of the Bishop of London.
The poem which he wrote on the occasion was printed by
John Allde, father of the better known Edward Allde;
and the copy from which this reprint has been made is
the only one known.
II. The Trueth of the most wicked and secret Miirtliering
of John Bremen, Goldsmith of London, Committed by his
own wife through the provocation of one John Parker, whom
she loved, Sfc. 1592.
The original of this, which was from the pen of Thomas
Kydd, is also unique, and is interesting as the production
of one of Shakspeare's great contemporaries.
III. The HUtory of Jacob and his Twelve Sonnes. Im-
printed at London by John Allde for John Harrison.
The original of this reprint is equally rare; and al-
though the edition used by Mr. Collier was published
near the middle of the reign of Elizabeth, the poetry, or
rather versification, is obviously of the time of Henry
VII., or, at latest, of Henry Vlil.
The Sonnets of William Shakspere : A Critical Disqui-
sition suggested by a recent Discovery. By Bollon Corney,
M.R.S.L. This is a reprint of the two valuable papers
contributed by Mr. Bolton Corney to "N. & Q." on the
subject of M. Philarete Chasles' interpretation of the
mysterious Dedication of Shakspeare's Sonnets. The
first is reprinted verbatim, but Mr. Corney has repro-
duced the second in a more extended form in justice to
the argument.
The History of tfie " Thorn Tree and Bush " from the
Earliest to the present Time; in which is ckarly and
plainly shown the Descent of Her Most Gracinus Majesty
and far Anglo-Saxon People from the Half-tribe of
Ephraim, and possibly from the Half- Tribe of Manas
and consequently her Right and Title to posses*, at the proper
moment, for Herself and fur them, a Share or Shares of
the- Desolate Cities and Placet in the Land of their Fm
fathers. By Theta, M.D., a Lineal Descendant of \
Hereditary Standard-bearers of Normandy and Engl
£c.
This elaborate title-page fully describes the object
this Essay ; and the readers of " N. & Q.," to wh
THETA must be well known for the learning and in
gennity of the papers which he has contributed to thii
Journal, will readily anticipate how much of both the
qualities he has contrived to introduce into the pr
curious little volume.
Leeds, our Grandfather's native Village, with
Remains gathered in Memory of Robert Gibbell Ro^
Engraver. By Alfred, Felix, and Edwin Roffe.
In these hard matter-of-fact times, such a volume
the present, which will, in days to come, be highl;
prized by Kentish Antiquaries, is a pleasant proof tha
loving hearts still linger among us.
Did James the First of England die from the Effects i
Poison, or from Natural Causes ? By Norman Cheve'
M.D.
An Enquiry into the Circumstances of the Death
King Charles the Second of England. By Norms
Chevers, M.D.
These are probably not, strictly speaking, privately
printed Tracts, but inasmuch as, if published, they a
published in Calcutta, they will, we fear, be as hard
be procured by English readers as if printed only for pi
vate circulation. Dr. Chevers, who is Principal of t
Calcutta Medical College, after thoroughly investigating
the circumstances connected with the deaths of James I.
and Charles II., comes to a decided conclusion that sue
deaths were not the result of poison, but of natural caus
MR. WALTER NELSON.— The death of this much re-
spected gentleman, at the early age of forty- four, which
took place on Friday evening, August 1st, will be deeply
regretted by all engaged in literary researches at the Public
Record Office, Rolls Buildings. Having been officially
connected with this and the kindred establishment at
Carlton Ride for nearly thirty years, he was well ac-
quainted with the contents of the multitudinous papers
and records committed to his custody. Extremely courte-
ous in his manners, he always felt a pleasure in assisting
the researches of the literary student, and so won for
himself the regard of all who enjoyed his acquaintance.
BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES
WANTED TO PURCHASE.
Particulars of Price, *c., of the following Book to be tent direct to tha
eentlemen by whom it is required, and whose namei and address are
given for that purpose: —
SHORT (THOMAS), CHRONOLOGICAL HWTORT or THE WEATHER.
Wanted by Mr. William Piakerton, Hounilow.
ta CarttipantfenM.
News of Napoleon*. Escape from Elb»« a very interesting Paper on
/Ai> subject in our next.
We an also compelled to postpone until next weft Ifr. Cromleu'i Pap<r
on Dean Swift and Dr. Watfsiatfe. Ute Kev. Mr Lunon*' Piiperoa Wiiit-
tliiRton «nd hi» Cat, and m«»y other articles ofcontiderable interest.
"NOTES AHD QUERIES" u publinkvt at n-xm on Friday. «•>•( u nltfi
intued in MONTHLT PARTS. The Subscription for STAMPED Conn for
, Stt Month* fortoarilej direct from the Publwhert (Incltuling the llnli-
yrarlv INDEX) it Us. «<*.. which man be paid bw Poft Offlct Order in
/at'onro/MEMR.. BELL AMD DALDT, 186, FLEET STREET, B.C.; to whot»
all CoxtcojficATinNs ron rai EDITOR ihouhl beaddntttd.
S. II. AUG, 9, '62.]
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pray " — Slavery — Recovery from Apparent Death —
The Organ at Allhallows, Barking — Peeler the Artist —
The Name of Jesus — St. Luke : Simile of a Woman to the
Moon — Whitehead Family — Literature of Lunatics —
Fact for Geologists — Correct Armory — Treble — Rabbit
— Wigs — Quotation — Soul-Food — Potter and Lumley
Families — Passage in Bacon — Sydserff — Anonymous
Works — Beelzebub's Letter — Walkinshaw Family —
Peerage of 1720— Caxton, Pinson, Ac. — The Finger-Burn-
ing Chaplain of Coventry — A-Kimbo, &c.
Notes on Books, Ac.
Qtn JWemortal.
THB objects are to honour PufHn's memory, and to promote the study
of English Mediaeval Art, by establishing a Permanent Fund, to be
called the " PCOIN TRAVELLING FOND," for the benefit of Students j to
which will be added a Medal.
The Committee consists of upwards of loo Noblemen and Gentlemen.
CHAIRMAN- A. 3. B. BERESFORD HOPE, Esq.
TRKASCRBRS —
G. G. SCOTT, Esq., A. J. B. BERESTOBD HOPE, !><.
BANKERS-
MESSRS. BIDDTTLPH, COCKS, & CO., 43, Charine Cross.
Upwards of 1.0001. has already been given. At least UMOJ. will be
required. Donations received, and all information furnished, by
JOSEPH CLARKE,
13, Stratford Place, W.
TALBOT BURY,
SO, Welbeck Street, W.
Honorary .Secretaries.
TWICKENHAM HOUSE. — DR. DIAMOND
(for nine years Superintendent to the Female Department of the
Surrey County Asylum} has arranged the above commodious residence,
with Its extensive grounds, for the reception of Ladies mentally af-
flicted, who will be under his immediate Superintendence, and reside
with his Family. - For terms, &c. apply to DB. DIAMOND, Twicken-
ham House, S.W.
»»» Trains constantly pass to and from London, the residence being
about five minutes' walk from the Station.
3'd S. II. AUG. 16, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
121
LONDON, SATURDAY, AUGUST 16, 1862.
CONTENTS NO. 33.
NOTES: —Whittington and his Cat, 121 — Accession of
Henry VI., 122 — William .Viscount Fitzwilliam of Merrion,
123 — Anatolian Polk Lore, Ib.
MINOR NOTES:— Francis Bacon, Baron Verulam — The
Bonaparte Family Register— A Book Inscription — Post-
age Stamps, 125.
QUERIES: — Armagh Cathedral— Death by the Sword
in England — The Earth a living Creature — Farrant —
Goodhind Family — The Graceless Florin and the Potato
Disease — Bishop Hurd's Letters — King and Queen of
Kingue-faire : Mac-Mahon — Who was Duke of Orleans in
the Reign of Louis XII. ? — Professor Mansel's Allusion —
Rood Lofts — Monument in Westminster Abbey — Pho-
tography— Quotation — St. Thomas's Hospital — School
Discipline — Surun," Battle-cry of the Moguls— Wright's
" Louthiana," 125.
QCEBIES WITH ANSWERS:— Sir Robert Mackreth — Ha-
sher's "Body of Divinity " — Council of Forty — " Cock and
Bell " — Nef — Bishop Edmund Gheast, 127.
REPLIES: —News of Napoleon's Escape from Elba, 129 —
Dean Swift and Dr. Wagstaffe, 131 — The Halseys, 133 —
Astrology Exploded, Ib. — Ancient Ships, 134 — Old Pic-
tures and Allusions, 135— De Costa the Waterloo Guide — A
Romance of Real Life — English Kings entombed in
France — Chess Legend — Pope's Ode — The Digby Epi-
taph — Unlucky Days — Blue and Buff — Pomfret, Pount-
freyt, or Ponsfractus — Tetbury, alias Tedbury — Medal
of Admiral Vernon — Picture of the Reformers — Archi-
episcopal Mitres — The Potato — Quotation — Bishops in
Waiting — Precedence of Deans, &c. — South-Sea Stock —
Great Scientific Teacher — The Marrow Controversy —
Alan de Galloway — The " Name of Jesus " — " Ignorance
is the Mother of Devotion " — Soul-food : Pot-baws — Ma-
rauder — Catamaran — Literature of Lunatics, &c., 135.
WHITTINGTON AND HIS CAT.
Although we might have supposed that this sub-
ject had been already exhausted in your pages,
nevertheless the spade and the pickaxe are doing
no less for us in the way of the confirmation of
history and tradition, than they are at Nineveh,
Uriconium, Carthage, and elsewhere. A sculp-
tured stone in basso-relievo has been recently
discovered in the Westgate Street, Gloucester,
representing young Whittington with his cat in
bis arms. The stone was dug up in the founda-
tion of the house of the late Mr. Bonner. Upon
this very spot, we find from an ancient rent-roll
in possession of the corporation of Gloucester,
38 Hen. VI. 1460, Richard Whittington possessed
his family mansion, as follows : —
" The Prior of Lanthony holds all those houses and
buildings with their appurtenances in the aforenamed
lane, called Abbey Lane, up to the common highway
adjoining the chancel of the church of St. Nicholas, and
also the tenements of Richard Whitynton, Lord of Staun-
ton, which are called Rotten Row and Ashwell's Place."
The latter mansion, previous to its coming to
the Whittingtons, had been the property of
Richard Ashwell, representative of the city of
Gloucester, and bailiff of the same, temp. Rich.
II-5 and its locality is pointed out in the fol-
lowing lease, still I believe in the possession of
the corporation of Gloucester, and recited in
Archdeacon's Furney's MSS. : —
"Lease for 70 years from Walter Gybbes, the Prior
and the Brethren of St. Bartholomew, to Robert Boyfield
and Joan his wife of a void piece of ground, which the
Prior and Brethren obtained of the Proctors and
Parishioners of Trinity in Ebrugge Street (now Westgate
Street), lying in breadth between the tenement of the
said Boyfield in the occupation of Robert le Mason on the
east, and of John Pope, junior, on the west, and extend-
ing in length on the north from the lane under the
Abbey wall to another void piece of ground belonging to
the said Prior and Brethren on the south, containing in
length eleven ells, with inches between just wanting
half a quarter of a yard. In breadth in the front six
ells, with inches between just one inch and a half, and on
the back part in breadth five ells and a half, with inches
between just a quarter of a yard and one inch. Also of
another void piece of ground on the south side of the
foresaid ground, between the tenement of the said Boy-
field on the west and of John Pope, junior, on the east,
and extending in length from the said ground on the
north to the tenement of Richard Ashewell on the south,
containing in length, &c., &c., at the yearly rent of two
shillings, payable half yearly to the Prior and Brethren.
" Witnesses — Roger Recevour and Richard Asshewell
(Ashwell), Bailiffs of Gloucester." — Candlemas, 4 Rich. II.
We have therefore the locality of the Whitting-
ton mansion pointed out almost to an inch. More
especially as there were only four houses in the
parish of Trinity which had their frontage to the
Ebruge (Westgate) Street.
This stone (now my property) was exhibited
last week at Worcester in the fmuseum of the
Archaeological Institute of Great Britain and Ire-
land, and has been subjected to the scrutiny of
the most eminent antiquaries there assembled. It
has been pronounced by Mr. Franks, Dir. Soc. Ant.,
and Assistant Keeper of the British Museum, as
well as by Mr. Way, to be sculpture of the fifteenth
century ; the former of these gentlemen express-
ing his opinion that it was the work of an Italian
artist. If so, it might singularly account for the
origin of the Italian version of the Whittington
tale, which, however, might also be accounted
for by the fact that both Genoese and Venetian
captains and vessels were frequently employed by
our mediaeval merchants, and that it might not
be improbable that a captain of that nation was
employed by Hugh Fitzwarren on the occasion
alluded to in the tale. This sculpture, forming
now the fifth instance of a representation of Whit-
tington with a cat, brings the tale up to the times
of Richard Whittington himself; his great- nephew
Richard, to whom this house belonged, having
been contemporaneous with his renowned great-
uncle, and the rent-roll alluded to having been
compiled within thirty-seven years after his death.
The property indeed may have been in the family
even some years previously. We have then these
singular circumstances : —
1. The discovery of a sculptured stone repre-
122
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'<« S. IL AUG. 16,
senting a youth with a cat (an unmistakeable
cat) in his arms.
2. The fact (vouched for by the man who dis-
covered it) that it was dug up in the foundation
of the house of the late Air. Bonner, now occupied
by Mr. Compton, upholsterer in the Westgate
Street.
3. The fact corroborated by the rent-roll in
the corporation archives of Gloucester, that this
was the site of the house, Ashwell's Place, for-
merly the property of Richard Whittington,
great-nephew of the renowned Lord Mayor. Its
locality, as Ashwell's Place being more clearly
identified as the most northern of the only four
houses in Trinity parish which face Ebruge (West-
gate) Street, occupied temp. Rich. II. by Richard
Ashwell.
4. The identification of this sculpture by dis-
tinguished antiquaries as work of the fifteenth
century.
So that if it does not represent Whittington
and his cat what else can it represent discovered
in such a locality P The stone has evidently
formed a portion of a larger work — either a
tablet over the door, or a chimney-piece.
This discovery must, I think, set at rest for
ever all question on the subject of the cat ; but,
if sceptics will still contend that "there was no
part of the known world to which a cat could be
sent to realise a sum sufficient to lay the founda-
tion of any person's fortune," let me refer them to
the state of things in Morocco even down to 1780,
as described in Lempriere's " Tour to Morocco "
in Pinkerton's Voyages, vol. xv. p. 736, where it is
related as a " singular circumstance that in the
immediate vicinity of Morocco, for some distance
round the city, the ground is totally occupied by
a great number of rats of a larger species than
any I had before seen, which burrow underground
like rabbits, and allow strangers to approach very
near before they retire to their holes."
The whole of the African coast and the ad-
jacent islands are described by early and later
travellers as abounding in rats to the present day.
As it is quite evident that Dick Whittington's
little cat, without a companion, could not have
left any progeny, it is therefore also probable
that the first cats exported to those parts would
realise considerable sums; and if large fortunes
in ivory, gold dust, and palm oil have been realised
in olden times at the cost of a few beads or brass
buttons, why should not as useful an animal as a
cat have produced so large a return ?
SAMUEL LTSORS.
ACCESSION OF HENRY VI.
The following valuable letter was first pub-
lished in The Literary Gazette of, I think, 1838 or
thereabouts : —
" INTERESTING HISTORICAL DOCUMENT.
" The following curious unpublished letter from
Duke of Bedford to the Citizens of London, temp. ll.>nry
VI., having fallen under our observation, we have much
pleasure in making it public, together with some his-
torical remarks.
" 'By the Due of Bedford.
" ' RIGHT trusty and welbeloued, we grete you wel
with al oure herte, And for as muche as hit liked our
lord bat [but] late a goo to calle the King oure souuerain
lord, that was from this present world un to his par-
durable blisse, as we truste fcrmely, by whos deces,
during the tendre age of the King oure souuerain lord,
that is nowe the gouuernance of the Reaurae of England,
after the lawes and ancien usage and custumc of the same
Keaume, as we be enfourmed belongeth un to us as to the
elder brother of our saide souuerain lord that was, And
as next unto the coroune of England, and hauyng chief
interesse after the King, that is oure souuerain lord, Whom
God for his mercy preserue and kepe, We praye you as
hertely and entierly as we can and may, And also requere
you, by the faithe and ligeance that ye owe to God and
to the saide coroune, that ye ne yeue in noo wyse assent,
conseil, ne confort, to any thing that myght be ordenned,
pourposed, or aduised, in derogacion of the saide lawes,
usage, and custume, yif any suche be, or in prejudice of
us. Lattyng yow faithfully wite that our saide prayer
and requeste procedethe not of ambicion, ner of desir
that we myghte haue of worldly worshipe, or other of any
singuler commodite or prouffit that we myght resceyue
thereby, but of entier desir and entente that we haue,
that the forsaide lawes, usage, and custume, ne shulde be
blemysshed or hurt by onre lachesse, negligence, or de-
flfaulte, ner any prejudice be engendred to any personne
souffisant and able to the whiche the saide gouuernance
myght in cas semblable be longyng in tyme coramyng,
Making pleine protestacion, that it is in no wise oure
entente any thing to desire that were ayenst the lawes
and custumes of the saide lande, ner also ayenst the or-
donnance or wil of oure saide souuerain lorde that was
sauyng our righte, to the whiche as we trowe and truste
fully, that hit was not oure saide souuerain lordes entente
to deroge or doo prejudice. And God have yow in his
keping. VVriten under oure signet, at Rouen, the xxvj.
day of Octobre.
4 To oure right trusty and withe al oure hert wel-
beloued the Maire, Sheriffs, Aldermen, bourgoys,
and Comunes of the Cite of London.' "
The readers of "N. & Q." will observe that the
editor does not inform his readers where the
original is, or from whom he received the copy,
and to whom he was indebted for the " Historical
Remarks." The remarks are these : —
" This letter was written in the month of October,
immediately following the death of Henry V. From the
manner in -which the Duke alludes to Henry's • Will,'
we may infer that that document, which is yet to be dis-
covered, did not constitute him governor and protector
of the realm during the minority of the young king,
as has been stated by an able writer on the subject.*
Had such been the case, he would not have grounded his
right to the chief administration of the government upon
the information of others, who stated it to pertain to him
by ancient law and usage, as elder brother of the de-
ceased monarch, when, in fact, no law or usage of the
' Actt of the Privy Council, edited by Sir Harris Nico-
las. Vol. iii. Introd., p. xii.
S. II. AUG. 16, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
123
kind had ever existed ; * nor would there have been the
least necessity for him to disclaim, so repeatedly, all am-
bitious designs in requiring the citizens to acknowledge
his authority ; since, if his pretensions were recognised
by the Will, he could have distinctly referred to it, and
thereby quieted all apprehension respecting his views.
But the strongest confirmation, perhaps, of our opinion,
is to be found in the Duke's observation, that ' he trusted
it was not the late King's intention to prejudice his
right,' which is almost a confession that that right was
not alluded to nor acknowledged by the 'ordonnance, or
Will.' On the Parliament Roll, 1 Henry VI., is an entry
deserving of some attention, as it supports this view of
the matter.f The Bishop of London, Chancellor of
Henry V. for the Duchy of Normandy, shows the parlia-
ment that, of two great seals which he had in his keep-
ing, the one ordained for the said Duchy, and the other
similar to the Great Seal of England, he had delivered
the former, immediately after the King's death, to the
Duke of Bedford at Rouen ; and this be did by the ad-
vice of the Duke of Exeter, the Earl of March, the Earl
of Warwick, and several other English noblemen, seeing
that the late King, on his death-bed, had committed the
government of the same Duchy to the said Duke for a
certain time : but, as to the other great seal, he had de-
livered it to the King himself. Hence it is clear, that
if Henry's ' Will ' had given the Duke the same autho-
rity over England, and the other dominions of the Eng-
lish crown, as, by the King's dying injunction, he pos-
sessed over the Duchy of Normandy, the Bishop would
have been advised, and in duty bound, to deliver the
other seal to him also. But no such authority being
recognised by the lords, the seal was, as a matter of
course, given up to the young King and his council."
The anonymous writer of the " Remarks " was
that thorough English historical scholar, my old
schoolfellow and friend, the late T. Hudson Tur-
ner. Mr. Turner found the letter, as he told
me, in the office of the Remembrancer of the
City of London (Mr. Tyrrell). And here may I
ask, what has become of that rich and extensive
store of MS. materials relating to London, &c.,
made by Mr. Hudson Turner for Mr. Tyrrell, the
City Remembrancer ? Mr. Turner knew what
was of importance — no one better. And what to
transcribe, and how to annotate.
PETEB CUNNINGHAM.
WILLIAM, VISCOUNT FITZWILLIAM OF
MERRION.
There was inserted in "N. & Q.," 1st S. xi.
462, from the pen of the late MR. JAMES F. FER-
GUSON, of Dublin, a very interesting "Note of
the payments made in relation to the burial of
Viscount Fitzwilliam [in the churchyard of Don-
nybrook, near Dublin], in Charles II.'s time, as
they appear upon one of the records of the Irish
Exchequer, deposited in the Exchequer Record
Office, Four Courts, Dublin." The heading of
the extract, which gives some curious particulars
of funeral expenses nearly two centuries ago, is
* Witness the Minorities of Henry III. and Richard II.
t Acts of the Privy Council, vol. iii. Introd., p. xii.
in the following words : " The Funeral Expenses
of Thomas, Viscount JJitzwilliam of Merrion,
tempore Charles II. ;" but here there must be a
mistake, the individual buried having been, not
Thomas first Viscount (the exact date of whose
death appears to be unknown), nor Thomas fourth
Viscount (died February 20, 1704), but William
third Viscount, fourth son of the first named
Thomas, and successor of his elder brother Oliver,
Earl of Tyrconnel (died April 11, 1667), in the
Viscountcy of Fitzwilliam of Merrion, and Barony
of Thorncastle, in the county of Dublin. As
mentioned in Blacker's Brief Sketches of the
Parishes of Booterstown and Donnybrook, many
members of the Fitzwilliam family have been
interred at Donnybrook.
The last item in the document, as furnished by
MR. FERGUSON, is —
" Paid, the first of January, 1675, to Mr. Dellane and
his clerke, for his lordshipp's burial att Donebrooke, 18*."
The date here given proves that William Vis-
count Fitzwilliam was the individual in question ;
inasmuch as Oliver, who had succeeded his father
in the viscountcy, died in 1667, and Thomas
fourth Viscount in 1704. Archdall, moreover, in
his edition of Lodge's Peerage of Ireland, vol. iv.
p. 318, mentions that William Viscount Fitz-
william died " before the year 1681."
The " Mr. Dellane " to whom payment (as
already stated) was made, was Michael Delaune,
A.M., who was Archdeacon of Dublin, and con-
sequently Rector of Donnybrook from 1672 to
3rd November, 1675 ; and of whom a few par-
ticulars have been given by Archdeacon Cotton,
in his Fasti Ecclesias Hibernicce, vol. v. p. 114. I
may add, that the " clergymen " to whom three
payments were made, were Roman Catholic
priests ; and that there is no mention of his lord-
ship's burial in the parish-registers of Donny-
brook, the earliest extant register commencing
with the year 1712. ABHBA.
ANATOLIAN FOLK-LORE.
The following was picked up by one of my
children from a Greek servant. It has a like-
ness to Hop d1 my Thumb and Cock Robin, with
the repetitions of The House that Jack Built, quito
in the legitimate style : —
There lived in former days an old man and
an old woman, who had no children, and it so
happened the old woman was bringing home a
basketful of beans, and she wished they were all
children. No sooner said than done, for out of
her basket tumbled a host of elfin pigmies. Such
a family was beyond the eld woman's patience, and
she now wished them turned again into beans, to
which state they all went back but one little
urchin, whom she took home, and who was, from
his smallness, named Little Peppercorn, and was
124
NOTES AND QUEKIES.
[3rd S. II. ADO. 16, '62.
much beloved, being the hero of many adventures
in the Tom Thumb style.
One day it so betided the old woman was boiling
her broth, and Little Peppercorn, climbing up,
tumbled into the seething cauldron, and was
scalded to death. Being missed, in vain did the
old man and the dame call out everywhere for
Peppercorn to come to his meals; and so they
sat down without him, and when the broth was
poured into the bowl, the dead body of poor Pep-
percorn tumbled forth.
The wailing of the old man and old woman
made it known to the neighbourhood " Dear
Peppercorn is dead — is dead."
The dove, hearing of this, tore her feathers,
saying —
" Dear Peppercorn is dead,
The old woman and old man are wailing."
The apple-tree, seeing the dove had torn her
feathers, asked her why, and so she answered as
above, and the apple-tree shed his apples.
The neighbouring spring, seeing the apples fall,
asked the tree wherefore, and the tree said —
" Dear Peppercorn is dead,
The old woman and old man are wailing,
The dove has doffed her feathers,
Dear Peppercorn is dead."
And so the spring in grief gushed forth all its
waters, and when the queen's woman slave came
to draw water, she found none, and she asked of
the fountain, and the fountain answered —
" Dear Peppercorn is dead,
The old woman and old man are wailing,
The dove has doffed her feathers,
The apple-tree his apples has shed,
Dear Peppercorn is dead."
And so in grief the slave threw down her pitcher,
and when the queen asked why the pitcher was
cracked, the slave-girl said —
" Dear Peppercorn is dead,
The old woman and old man are wailing,
The dove has doffed her feathers,
The apple-tree his apples has shed,
The well-spring its waters has quenched,
Dear Peppercorn is dead."
And in her despair the Queen grieved and broke
her arm, and when the King knew of this he
asked the Queen why, and she answered —
" Dear Peppercorn is dead,
The old woman and old man are wailing,.
The dove has doffed her feathers,
The apple-tree his apples has shed,
The well-spring its waters has quenched,
The slave her pitcher has shivered,
Dear Peppercorn is dead.
And so the King destroyed his crown, and when
his folk asked him why, he said —
" Dear Peppercorn is dead,
The old woman and old man are wailing,
The dove has doffed her feathers,
The apple-tree his applea has shed,
The well-spring its waters has quenched,
The slave her pitcher has shivered.
The queen her dear arm has broken,
And I the king my golden crowD have lost,
Dear Peppercorn is dead."
HYDE CLARKE.
Smyrna, Asia Minor, July 29, 1862.
f&inat £at*4.
FRANCIS BACON, BARON VERULAM. — It is cus-
tomary, even with men of eminence, to speak and
write of " Lord Bacon," but it should be known
that there is no such title in the history of the
peerage.
Francis Bacon was created successively Baron
Verulam and Viscount St. Albans; therefore when
it is desired to indicate his works, one of these
titles should be used ; but to call him " Lord
Bacon" is as improper as to call the present
Chancellor " Lord Bethell." S. F.
THE BONAPARTE FAMTLT REGISTER. — The fol-
lowing cutting from to-day's Times is. worth pre-
servation in " N. & Q." —
" The register of the Imperial family, on which has
been inscribed the proces-verbal of the birth of Prince
Napoleon's son, is a large folio volume, bound in red
velvet, and having at the corners ornaments of silver
gilt, with the family cipher " N " in the centre. It was
commenced in 1806, and the first entry made was the
adoption of Prince Eugene by the Emperor. The second,
made the same year, relates to the adoption of the Prin-
cess Stephanie de Beauharnais, who recently died Grand
Duchess of Baden, and who was cousin of the Empress
Josephine. Next comes the marriage of the Emperor
Napoleon I. ; then several certificates of the birth of
Princes of the family, and lastly of the King of Rome;
which closes the series of the certificates inscribed under
the reign of the First Emperor. This register was con-
fided to the care of Count Regnault de Saint-Jean-
d'Angely, Minister and Councillor of State, and Secre-
tary of the Imperial family. It was to him, under the
First Empire, as it is now to the Minister of State under
the Second, that was reserved the duty of drawing up
the proces-verbaux of the great acts relative to Napoleon.
At the fall of the First Empire, Count Regnault de
Saint Jean-d'Angely carefully preserved the book, which
at his death passed into the hands of the Countess, his
widow. That lady handed it over to the President of
the Republic when Louis Napoleon was called by uni-
versal suffrage to the Imperial throne. In this same
register, continued by the Second Empire, may be seen
the certificates of the marriage of the Emperor Napo-
leon III., and of that of the Princess Clotilde ; of the
birth of the Prince Imperial ; of the death of Prince
Je'rome ; and, lastly, of the birth of the Prince Napoleon
Victor Je'rome Frederic, just born. The name of Napo-
leon commemorates that of the head of the dynasty;
that of Victor is in remembrance of the House of Savoy ;
Jerome is that of his paternal grandfather; and Fre-
deric was given in compliment to the family of Wurtein-
berg. — Galignani's Messenger."
GRIME.
July 23.
3rd S. II. AUG. 16, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
125
A BOOK INSCRIPTION. —
« This is book —
You may just within it look,
But you'd better not do more,
For the Devil's at the door,
And will snatch at fingering hands ;
Look behind you — There he stands I "
SM. DE.
POSTAGE STAMPS. — The New York correspon-
dent of The Times, whose letter dated July 25, is
printed in The Times of Aug. 8, gives the follow-
ing account of a new issue of American stamps.
The record of minute facts of this kind is seldom
at hand when wanted. Please, therefore, preserve
this in "N. & Q.": —
" The almost incredible announcement has been made
to-day that the Post Office is not to issue postage stamps
for currency, but that the Treasury is to issue them on
thick paper or cardboard nngummed, so that they cannot
he used for postal purposes, but for currency only!
Never since the invention of printing were paper and ink
applied to such a purpose. A Treasury-note for a sum
so low as one cent, or an English halfpenny! Only
think of this, ye old fogies of Europe, who have faith in
gold and silver, and learn from this young and vigorous
nation a lesson in finance ! There are to be eight different
kinds of notes (for if they are not to be available for the
payment of postage they cannot justly be called postage-
stamps), of which the following list and description has
been published for general information and guidance : —
Amount. Vignette. Colour.
1 cent - - - Franklin - - - Blue.
3 cent - - - Washington - - Pink.
5 cent - - - Jefferson - - - Chocolate.
10 cent - - - Washington - - Green.
12 cent - - - Washington - - Black.
24 cent - - - Washington - - Lilac.
30 cent - - - Franklin - - - Yellow.
90 cent - - - Washington - - Blue."
GEIME.
ARMAGH CATHEDRAL. — Is there any good ac-
count in print (in a separate form or otherwise)
of this cathedral, which was restored some years
since through the princely munificence of the
late Primate of all Ireland, Lord John George
Beresford ? I am aware that an 8vo pamphlet
was published anonymously in Armagh during
the progress of the work, or immediately after ;
but it is a very meagre production. Stuart's
valuable History of Armagh is of too old a date.
It may be well here to notice the remarkable
fact, that Archbishop Beresford, whose lamented
death has lately taken place, was appointed to the
bishoprick of Cork so long ago as the year 1805 ;
and that having been translated successively to
the sees of Raphoe, Clogher, and Dublin, he was
raised in 1822 to the archbishoprick of Armagh,
which he held for a few days more than forty
years. This is, I think, a case not easily paral-
ABHBA.
DEATH BT THE SWORD IN ENGLAND. — On the
wall of St. John's church, Beverley, Yorkshire,
on the outside, is an oval stone tablet. On its
upper portion are sculptured two straight swords,
crossed ; painted and gilded. Beneath are the
following lines : —
" Here two young Danish Souldiers lye ;
The one in quarell chanced to die ;
The other's Head, by their own Law,
With Sword was sever'd at one Blow.
" December the 23rd,
1689."
Does this record a fact ? I was not aware of
any execution by the sword having taken place
in England since that of Ann Boleyn, wbich was
an exceptional case. The permitting a foreign
mode of punishment to be inflicted on English
ground seems very strange indeed, and would
certainly not be legal at present. Could the sur-
viving combatant have been handed over to the
Danish authorities, put to death " by their own
law" on board a Danish vessel, in blue water, and
the body afterwards transferred to Beverley for
burial by the side of him who fell in the duel ?
This seems to be a probable solution, supposing
the epitaph to be correct ; but I should be very
glad of further information on the subject.
W. J. BERNHARD SMITH.
Temple.
THE EARTH A LIVING CREATURE. — A very
original monthly periodical, now in progress, en-
titled The Future, ably advocates the rather start-
ling postulate that the earth — the globe we
inhabit — is a living organism. This idea, how-
ever, seems to be not altogether new, for the fol-
lowing amusing epigram will be found in Bancroft's
Two Books of Epigrams, Lond. 1639 : —
"OF THE EARTH.
" Those that make Earth a living monster, whose
Breath moves the Ocean, when it ebbs and flowes ;
Whose wartts are rugged hills, whose wrinkles vales,
Whose ribbs are rocks, and bowels minerals.
What will they have so vast a creature eat,
With Sea's too salt, and Aire's too windy meate? "
Query, Who were the "those" that made earth
a living monster, in Bancroft's time ?
W. PlNKERTON.
Hounslow.
FARRANT. — Can any one inform me where
Richard Farrant, the composer, obtained the
words of his well known anthem, " Lord, for thy
tender mercies' sake ? " Some of the expressions
look like a translation from the Latin language;
but I should like to know whether the music was
written to the present words, or whether they
have been adapted by a later hand.
D. SEDGWICK.
Sun Street, City.
GOODHIND FAMILY. — Information is desired
respecting this family, who were seated at the
126
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"«S. ILAuo. 16,'
time of the Commonwealth, and for nearly a cen-
tury and a half subsequently, at Saltford, co.
Somerset, some of whom are interred in the church
of that parish, and others of them (if I am cor-
rectly informed) in Bath Abbey. F. A. R. VV.
THE GBAC BLESS FLOBIN AND THE POTATO
DISEASE. — The following story was stated the
other day at a meeting of some eminent natural
historians. When a particular type of florin was
coined some time ago, it was found the usual
affix to the royal title D. G. had been inadver-
tently omitted. The coin was called in, and
another type issued with the proper correction ;
the former is of course very scarce, and goes by
the name of "the graceless florin." The same
year was the first of the potato blight, and it was
stated at the meeting alluded to as a fact, that
a sermon was preached at the time, in which the
calamity was gravely asserted to be a Divine
judgment on the nation for the omission. Can
this be true ? And if so, who was the preacher,
and to what denomination did he belong ? He
could not have been an Irishman, as that country
suffered most, and must have had least to do with
the issuing of the coin. NUMISMATICUS.
BISHOP HUBD'S LETTERS. — I shall feel ob-
liged if the purchaser of two 4to vols. of Autograph
Letters, containing several from Bishop Kurd to
Dr. Macro, bought at Mr. Dawson Turner's sale
by Mr. Waller, bookseller of Fleet Street, and
sold by him, will acquaint me with his name and
address. F. KILVEBT.
Claverton Lodge, Bath.
KING AND QUEEN or KINGUE-FAIBE : MAC-
MAHON. —
1. In the 42nd chapter of the Chronique de
Mathieu de Coussy or dEscouhy, published by
Buchon in his Collection des Chroniques Nationales,
and in Le Pantheon Litteraire, and which I am
about to re-edit for La Societe de 1'Histoire de
France, mention is made of a King and Queen of
Kingue-faire ; who, in 1449, under these assumed
names, levied large sums of money, and assembled
an army of thirty or forty thousand men for the
purpose of making a descent on Normandy. Can
any correspondent of " N. & Q." throw any light
upon this matter ? Had it anything to do with
Cade's rebellion ?
2. In the same chapter mention is made of a
plot which was laid in Ireland, and of which the
Duke of York was intended to be the victim, by
an Irish chieftain of the name of Mache-maron
(Mac Mahon). Is there any mention of this in
any contemporary writer ?
G. DU FBESNE DE BEAUCOUBT.
Chat, de Morainville p. Blausy du Calvados,
2Aodt.
WHO WAS DUKE OF OBLEANS IN THE REIGN OF
Louis XII.? — In the Lellrcs des Rots, Reincs, et
autres Personnages des Cours de France et tfAn^
terre, published by the French government, the
are two letters to Mary Tudor, Queen of Franc
signed " Loys d'Orleans." Miss Costello, in h«
Anne of Brittany, also speaks of the Duchess
Orleans as one of the four ladies who stood
hind the Queen's chair on a particular occasion :
I presume her to have been the wife of " Loys."
Who, then, was this "Loys?" And what rel
tion was he to the King ? Louis XII. hima
bore the title of Duke of Orleans before his ace
sion ; while his son-in-law and successor, Franc
I., always bore that of Count of Angoulet
Anderson's Royal Genealogies gives no clue as
who this Louis of Orleans might be.
HEBMENTBUDE.
PBOFESSOB MANSEL'S ALLUSION. — From whs
author are the words, iireXeOcrjtre KaOavtptl TO
\dpia yewriQerra T^V /urjrt'po, quoted by Professor
Mansel in Aids to Faith, essay i. p. 37 ? And what
is the analogy — (1.) of the mother; (2.) of the
young foals; and (3.) of the parturition, to the
subject matter of the professor's argument in the
paragraph where these words are quoted ? n x
ROOD LOFTS. — At what period in the Eccle-
siastical History of England were rood lofts first
set up ? Are there any of early English or de-
corated in existence ? W. H. H.
MONUMENT IN WESTMINSTEB ABBEY. — In St.
Edmund's Chapel there is a monumental figure of
a certain Lady Elizabeth Russell, of whom the
vergers in their guide-book relate that " she
pricked her finger with a needle, which caused a
locked-jaw, and occasioned her death." Mr. Peter
Cunningham, in his Handbook of London, at once
dismisses this story as " foolish." Now, there is
nothing intrinsically foolish or improbable in it ;
and from a passage I lately hit upon in the
writings of Wiseman, Serjeant-Surgeon to Charles
the Second, it is evident that the story was ac-
cepted as true by that eminent surgical authority,
almost, if not quite, a cotemporary of the lady in
question. In his chapter on " The Method of
curing the Evill," p. 278, he says : —
" The monument at Westminster of the young lady
holding up her finger, prickt with a needle, of which
she died, may serve to show you that in ill habits of
body small wounds are mortall." — Severall Chirurgicall
Treatises, 1st edition, 1G76.
I conclude with a Query : — What was the date
of Lady Elizabeth Russell's death ? The style of
the monument is that of the early part of the
seventeenth century. The figure has now lost
the entire left hand ; thus sharing the fate of so
many monuments in this shamefully neglected
repository of our illustrious dead. JAYDEE.
PHOTOGBAPHY. — In Rational Recreations,vo\. iv.
p. 143 (London, 1774), occurs this: —
3'd S. II. Airo. 16, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
127
" Recreation XLIII. Writing on Glass by tfie Rays of
the Sun.— Dissolve chalk in aquafortis, to the consistence
of milk, and add to that a strong dissolution of silver.
Keep this liquor in a glass decanter, well stopped. Then
cut{out from a paper the letters you would have appear,
and paste the paper on the decanter ; which you are to
place in the sun, in such a manner that its rays may pass
through the spaces cut out of the paper, and fall on the
surface of the liquor. The part of the glass through
which the rays pass will turn black, and that under the
paper will remain white. You must observe not to move
the bottle during the time of the operation."
Are there any "earlier records of similar hints
towards the development of the modern art of
photography ? W. H. L.
Berwick-on-Tweed.]
QUOTATION. — From what source are the follow-
ing lines quoted ? —
" Friends whom she lov'd so long, and sees no more,
Loved, and still loves, not lost, but gone before." *
M. M.
ST. THOMAS'S HOSPITAL. — Bishop Burnet says
that St. Thomas's Hospital was surrendered to
Henry VIII., July 25, 1538, "by Thomas
Thirleby with two other priests ; he was Master,
and was designed Bishop of Westminster, to
which he made his way by that resignation."
Other authorities state that Nicholas Buckland
was the then Master, although I find that, ac-
cording to some, a Nicholas Buckland received
a grant of the hospital from the Abbot of Ber-
mondsey 1428. Will any correspondent kindly
help me out of this fog ? T. C. N.
SCHOOL DISCIPLINE. — To what do the words
italicised in the following extract refer? Some
one of your recent correspondents upon school
discipline can probably reply : —
" regular floggers, as at our own great schools,
always attended the inspectors of public instruction (i. e.
at Sparta)." — St. John's Manners and Customs of the
Ancient Greeks, i. 385.
S.F.
" SURTJN," BATTLE -CRT OF THE MOGULS. — In
most accounts of the Moguls, subjects of Zenghis
Khan and Timour, mention is made of their
favourite battle-cry, Surun, or Souroun. It was
heard with appalling effect at the great battle of
Angora, between Timour and Bajazet. What is
the meaning of the word, if it be not merely a
terrific sound ? It is probably to be sought in the
Zagatay language (Timour's native speech), of
which we possess a curious specimen in the Me-
moirs of Bdber, written by himself, — "A hero,
descended from Timour in the fifth degree, who
fled from the arms of the Usbecs to the conquest
[* See "ST. & Q." 2°* S. iii. 56, for the origin of the
phrase " not lost, but gone before," which has no doubt
done duty in many a poem, and on many a tombstone. —
ED.]
of Hindostan." (Gibbon.) I understand that
the Zagatay language is a branch of the Turkish.
W. D.
WRIGHT'S " LOCTHIANA." — In the year 1758,
Mr. Thomas Wright published in London the
second edition of his Louthiana ; or, an Introduc-
tion to the Antiquities of Ireland (in three Parts,
4to), which is still, and very deservedly, in con-
siderable demand. In 1794, the Rev. Edward
Ledwich edited Grose's Antiquities of Ireland, and
in vol. i. p. xiii. he states that —
" The account of New Grange is extracted from the
memoir of that accomplished antiquary, Governor Pow-
nall, in the Archaeologia, and the MS. additions of Wright
to his Louthiana, now the property of George Allen, Esq.,
of Darlington, in Yorkshire."
Can you oblige me with any information re-
specting these " MS. additions " ? In whose pos-
session are they at present ? And besides what
Ledwich has given, have they, in whole or in
part, appeared in print ? To one connected with
the county of Louth, they would prove particu-
larly interesting. ABHBA.
SIR ROBERT MACKRETH. — Any information
relating to Sir Robert Mackreth, commonly
known as " Bob Mackreth," will be gladly re-
ceived. I have heard that he was at one time a
waiter at White's. C. B.
[One of the most successful of the metropolitan club-
houses at the commencement of the last century was
that of White's at the bottom of St. James's Street,
which in its primitive days was known as White's
Chocolate house. It was here that George Selwyn, Gilly
Williams, Chesterfield, Steele, Cibber, and other wits
passed many of their idle hours. Owing to a fire which
happened on April 28, 1733, another house was opened
at the top of the same street, called Arthur's Chocolate
House, but now better known as White's Club House.
Arthur died on June 6, 1761, and in the following Oc-
tober Mr. Mackreth, employed as a waiter, was lucky
enough to marry his only daughter, and thus succeeded
to the business. Two years after Mackreth relinquished
the concern to Mr. Chambers, as appears from the fol-
lowing letter addressed to George Selwyn : —
"White's, April 5, 1763.
" SIR, — Having quitted business entirely, and let my
house to the Cherubim, who is my near relation, I humbly
beg leave, after returning you my most grateful thanks
for all favours, to recommend him to your patronage, not
doubting, by the long experience I have had of his
fidelity, but that he will strenuously endeavour to oblige.
I am, Sir, your most dutiful, and much obliged humble
servant, R. MACKRETH." ( Selwyn and his Contempora-
ries, i. 217.)
Time passes on, and we find our waiter figuring as
M.P. for Castle Kising in 1775—1784. But that spark-
ling letter-writer, Horace Walpole, shall tell his own
story of this signal elevation. Writing to the Rev.
William Mason in 1774 .he says, " The new s«nate, they
tell me, will be a curious assemblage of patricians and
128
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'<« S. II. AUG.
plebeians, and knights— of the post. An old cloatht man,
•who, George Selwyn says, certainly stood for Monmouth,
was a candidate, but unsuccessful. Bob [Robert Mack-
reth] formerly a waiter at White's, was set up by my
nephew for two boroughs, and actually is returned for
Castle Rising with Mr. Wedderburn :
Servus curru portatur eodem ;
which I suppose will offend the Scottish Consul, as much
as his countrymen resent an Irishman standing for West-
minster, which the former reckon a borough of their
own. For my part, waiter for waiter, I see little differ-
ence ; they are all equally ready to cry, 'Coming, coming,
Sir.' " (VValpole's Letters, vi. 119, edit. 1857.)
It appears that Lord Orford, having borrowed money
of Mackreth, brought him into parliament for his borough
of Castle Rising, and, to excuse it, pretended that his
mother, Lady Orford, who knew nothing of it, borrowed
the money. Walpole, in his letter to Sir Horace Mann,
dated Nov. 24, 1774, thus notices the transaction : " The
interlude of Mackreth has given so much offence, that,
after having run the gauntlet, he has been persuaded to
be modest and give up his seat. I should not say give,
but sell it. I do not believe that the buyer will be much
more creditable; but, happily, I am free from all this
disgraceful transaction." (Letters, vi. 152.) In another
letter from Walpole to Mason of 1st Nov. 1780, is the
following epigram : —
" When Bob Mackreth served Arthur's crew,
He said to Rumbold ' Black my shoe,'
To which he answer'd 'Yea, Bob.'
But when return'd from India's land,
And grown too proud to brook command,
He sternly answer'd, ' Nay-Bob.9 *
" I am told this is at least three years old, no matter;
good ink, like wine, is not the worse for age." (76. vii.
456.)
Gilly Williams mentions Mackreth in a letter to
George Selwyn (March, 1768) as one of the betters in
Change Alley on the success of Wilkes, when he stood
for the city. "Mackreth was the ally, and had various
negotiations." (Selwyn Correspondence, ii. 266.)
On June 3, 1784, Mrs Mackreth died at Putney, at
which time we find her husband was M.P. for Ashburton,
which he continued to represent till the year 1806.
In 1793, Mackreth sent a challenge to Sir John Scott
(afterwards Lord Eldon) for having abused him in a
speech delivered six years before. " The truth is (says
Sir John), three courts thought his conduct so bad, that
they made him pay a young man, of whom they declared
he had taken undue advantage, about 17.000/. and all
costs, and the fellow is fool enough to suppose he can
retrieve his character by insulting me." Mackreth was
convicted of a breach of the peace, and sentenced by the
Court of King's Bench, in May 1793, to six weeks'
imprisonment, and a fine of lOii/. But notwithstanding
this reprehensible transaction, he was two years after-
wards knighted by George III. on May 8, 1795. Sir
Robert died in the month of February, 1819, in the
ninety-fourth year of his age.]
USSHER' s " BODY OF DIVINITY." — Can any one
give the title-page of the first and eecond editions
of this work? I find by the third a remarkable
note : —
44 Collected long since out of sundry authors, and re-
duced into one common method by James Uxher. Bishop
* This epigram with some variations is printed in Si
E. Brydges's Autobiography, i. 194, who states that it wa
attributed to Lord Chancellor Camden.
Sir
was
of Armagh, and at the earnest desire of divers godly
persons lately printed, and now this third edition cor-
rected and much amended."
This was printed in 1648. In the fourth edi-
tion, published in 1653, this further sta-
occurs, which is copied in subsequent reprints:
" Corrected and much enlarged by the author."
The third edition, it appears, was printed three
years after his Grace's reproof to Downham
[Downame] for the surreptitious publication ; and
the fourth was by a new publisher, both during
his Grace's life. It is not credible that such a
liberty could have been taken so audaciously with
Ussher's name, if a falsehood was thus given to the
public during his lifetime.
JOSEPH D'AECY SIBB, D.D.
[We have before us the second edition of A Body of
Divinitie, folio 1647, which contains on the title-page the
same "remarkable note" quoted by our correspondent,
with the exception of one word, "and now, this second
edition, corrected and much amended." This edition
contains John Downame's prefatory address " To the
Christian Reader." There is a copy of the first edition,
1645, in the Bodleian Library. Dr. Elrington, in his
Life of Abp. Ussher ( Works, i. 249), states, that " many
editions have been published by those who were aware of
this letter [i. e. the Archbishop's letter disavowing the
work], and yet vaffixed the Primate's name; and every
advocate of supralapsarian doctrines quotes in his sup-
port the opinions of Archbishop Ussher, as put forth in
his Body of Divinity." Again, in a note, the Doctor
adds: "An edition was published in London so lately
as the year 1841, and the attention of the editors was
drawn to the letter of Archbishop Ussher. They pro-
mised to prefix the letter to the work, but they never
fulfilled the promise."]
COUNCIL OF FORTY. — What were the constitu-
tion and powers of the judicial " Council of Forty"
at Venice, and when was it instituted ? Any in-
formation relative to this body will oblige me?
Mr. W. C. Hazlitt, in his History of Venice, is
not sufficiently explicit. S. F.
[But little is known of the origin and positive duties
of the / Quaranta, or Venetian "Council of Forty." It
became the real depository of the republican power in the
twelfth century, after the violent death of Vitale (1173,
A.D.), and was exclusive^' composed of members of the
most n»ble families in Venice. Like the Ephori of Sparta,
they exercised directly but few of the functions of the
executive, but in them lay the power of electing every
new Doge, and of governing during every interregnum.
Prior to the appointment of " The Forty," the choice of a
Doge had vested, either ostensibly or virtually, in the
suffrages of the whole assembly of the people. Thus,
slowly and imperceptibly, arose that aristocratical domin-
ation which prepared the way for the silent usurpations
of the oligarchy. Consult " Sketches from Venetian
History," by the Rev. Edw. Smedley, in the Family
Library, 12 mo, London, 1831; and especially an article
in the Edinburgh Review, No. 92, or vol. xlvi. pp. 75 —
106, inclusive.]
" COCK AND BELL." — A common publichouse
sign, in the Eastern Counties, is "The Cock and
Bell." Was there a practice of giving a bell as
the prize of victory for fighting cocks, as there
3"i S. II. AUG. 16, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
129
was for horses ? And if not, what is the origin of
the combination ? If a cock " bore a bell," where
on his person did he carry it ? I presume, round
his neck. Do any bells exist, made for this pur-
pose ? And if so, what is their size, shape, and
material ? A COUNTRY BREWER.
[A thrifty housewife, says the fable, finding her maids
lazy in the morning, obtained a cock, which by its crowing
roused them from their morning slumbers. The maids, re-
solved to have their nap out, conspired and murdered the
cock. The good woman then procured a bell, and rang
them up. The sign of the " Cock and Bell," if it refers
to this antiquated story, may probably have been in the
first instance (though subsequently not so limited), the
sign of an early house. "Cock and Bell," however, may
be simply a modification of " Cock and Pail," an old
term for a spigot and faucet (Jamieson), no inappropriate
sign for a public house.]
NEF. — What is a Nef, of which I have seen
mention in a notice of the Loan Exhibition of
Fine Art Objects in the South Kensington Mu-
seum ? I presume it is some kind of ornamental
plate. Juv.
[The Nef is described in Labarte's Handbook of the
Arts of the Middle Ages and Renaissance, — a book which,
on account of the value of its information and the beauty
of its illustrations, should accompany every visitor to the
interesting Exhibition at South Kensington. At p. 226,
we are told a nef is " the piece of plate in which the
nobility of those days displayed the greatest luxury."
"The nefvf&s a kind of box in the form of a ship, which
was placed upon the table of a sovereign or great person ;
it had a lock to it, and served to contain the goblet and
various other utensils for the owner's private use." De-
scriptions of several of these splendid specimens of medi-
aeval luxury are given by Labarte.]
BISHOP EDMUND GHEAST. — Can any of your
readers inform me what were the arms and motto
of Edmund Geste, Bishop of Salisbury in 1570,
and who was buried in Salisbury Cathedral in
1576-7 ? LINDUM.
[According to Bedford's Blazon of Episcopacy, the
arms of Gheast, Bishop of Rochester, afterwards trans-
lated to Salisbury, were, Azure a chevron argent, be-
tween three swans' necks erased argent beaked gules.
The motto is not stated.]
NEWS OF^NAPOLEON'S ESCAPE FROM ELBA.
(2Dd S. viii. 86, 382,532.)
In the pages of the eighth volume of the Second
Series of " N. & Q." above referred to, there are
discrepant versions of the circumstances under
which the news of Napoleon's escape from Elba
reached the Congress of Vienna. The following is
the account of this incident, given by M. Thiers in
the nineteenth volume of his Histoire du Consulat
et de TEmpire, liv. 58 (p. 386, ed. 12mo, Brux-
elles). He states that when the news of the
landing in the gulf of Juan had reached Vienna,
by transmission from Genoa, it found the sove-
reigns and their ministers still present, with the
exception of Lord Castlereagh, whose place at
the congress had been filled by the Duke of Wel-
lington.
" They were all (he proceeds to say) assembled at an
entertainment (une fete) when the news was spread. It
produced the sensation of a thunderbolt Their first
sentiment was that of terror; and in that terror they
flattered us, alas ! for they thought that eleven months
had sufficed to restore the exhausted powers of France.
This sentiment was even sufficiently striking to excite
the malice of the English diplomatists, who having,
thanks to the ocean, scarcely anything to fear for their
country, laughed at the terrors of others. To this con-
sternation succeeded a violent anger against the real or
supposed authors of the calamities which appeared to be
imminent. The first object of this universal outcry was
the Emperor Alexander, who, by the treaty of April 11,
had had the imprudence to grant the island of Elba to
Napoleon, and after him came the Bourbons, who, by
their mode of governing, had facilitated his return to
France."
An authentic contemporary account of the
principal circumstances attending the receipt of
the intelligence in question at Vienna is con-
tained in documents published in the Duke of
Wellington's Despatches, and in the Castlereagh
Correspondence.
The following is an extract from a despatch of
the Duke of Wellington to Lord Castlereagh,
dated Vienna, March 12, 1815. (Gurwood, vol.
xii. p. 266) :
"I received here on the 7th inst. [March] a despatch
from Lord Burghersh, of the 1st, giving an account that
Buonaparte had quitted the island of Elba, with all his
civil and military officers, and about 1200 troops, on the
26th of February. I immediately communicated this
account to the Emperors of Austria and Russia, and to
the King of Prussia, and to the ministers of the different
powers, and I found among all one pervading sentiment
of a determination to unite their efforts to support the
system established by the peace of Paris.
" As it was uncertain to what quarter Buonaparte had
gone, whether he would not return to Elba, or would
land on any part of the Continent, it was agreed that it
was best to postpone the adoption of any measure till his
farther progress should be ascertained; and we have
since received accounts from Genoa, stating that he had
landed in France near Cannes on the 1st of March ; had
attempted to get possession of Antibes, and had been
repulsed, and that he was on his march towards Grasse."
Some further details as to the receipt of this
despatch are furnished by the following note of
a conversation of the Duke of Wellington, in
Kogers's Recollections (London, 1859, 12mo) —
"When Buonaparte left Elba for France, I was at
Vienna, and received the news from Lord Burghersh, our
minister at Florence. The instant it came I communi-
cated it to every member of the Congress, and all laughed ;
the Emperor of Russia most of all. ' What was in your
letter to his Majesty this morning? ' said his physician;
' for when he broke the seal, he clapped his hands, and
burst out a laughing?' Various were the conjectures as
to whither he was gone ; but none would hear of France.
All were sure that in France he would be massacred
by the people when he appeared there. I remember
130
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'd S. II. AUG. 16,
Talleyrand's words so well : ' Tour la France — non.' "
(P. 207.)
The following extract from a letter of M. Pozzo
di Borgo to Lord Castlereagh, dated Ghent, April
21, 1815, alludes to the fact that the Emperor
Alexander did not at first take a serious view of
Bonaparte's enterprise : —
" J'e"tois a Vienne au moment oil la nouvelle de 1'eVa-
sion de Bonaparte arriva, Je ne manquai de pre"sager
Jes suites dans toute leur e'tendue. L'Empereur [de
Russie] en fut egalement convaincu des le premier in-
stant." (Castlereagh Correspondence, vol. x. p. 319.)
According to Prince Hardenberg, however,
Memoires (Tun Homme cTE'tat (Paris, 13 vols.),
Pozzo di Borgo was not more prescient than his
master. Upon the arrival of the news, his re-
mark was : " C'est un fou ; il sera accroche au
premier arbre." (Vol. xii. p. 476.)
Lord Clancarty, in a letter to Lord Castle-
reagh, written from Vienna, and dated March 11,
1815, thus describes the arrival of the first intel-
ligence : —
" We were at Court the night of the arrival of Burg-
hersh's despatch containing the news of Buonaparte's
flight ; and though there was every attempt to conceal
apprehension under the mask of unconcern, it was not
difficult to perceive that fear was predominant in all the
imperial and royal personages there assembled; and
however much their principal officers endeavoured to
make light of this event, the task of disguise was too
heavy for them. It appeared to me desirable rather to
encourage than to weaken the fears which obviously
pervaded all, with a view through these, as well to af-
lirm the disposition of active co-operation, as to hasten
the march and final termination of affairs here." (Castle-
reagh Correspondence, vol. x. p. 264.)
It seems that the first intelligence of Napo-
leon's escape from Elba — that conveyed to the
Duke of Wellington by Lord Burghersh's de-
spatch — arrived, and was made known during a
Court entertainment. This fact is stated in
Prince Hardenberg's Memoires (vol. xii. p. 475) —
a work of which the authenticity is not indeed
quite clear. Lord Clancarty in the letter already
cited likewise mentions that they were at Court
when the news was circulated. Villemain, in his
Souvenirs Contemporains (Paris, 1855), vol. ii.
p. 79, states that the entertainment was a tableau
vivant, representing the interview of Maximilian I.
with Mary of Burgundy, and that it was inter-
rupted in consequence of the agitation produced
by the news. The account of Villemain is re-
peated by Flassan, Histoire du Congres de Vienne
(Paris, 1829), vol. ii. p. 4. The Duke of Wel-
lington's despatch makes no allusion to any Court
entertainment, and his conversation reported by
Mr. Rogers implies that he communicated the
information to the Emperor of Russia by a letter,
which his majesty read in the morning.
The news in question reached" Vienna on
March 7. On the 8tb, Prince Metternicb, Prince
Talleyrand, and the Duke of Wellington, set
for Presburg in order to hold a conference wi
the King of Saxony : they returned to Vienna
the 12th. (Hardenberg, ib. vol. xii. p. 47
Flassan states (ib. p. 12) that the celebra
manifesto, declaring Napoleon to be a politi
outlaw, and placing him under the ban of Euro
was planned by the three plenipotentiaries d
this journey ; that it was agreed to in substa
by the congress on the 12th, and was form
passed on the 13th, on which day it bears da
Villemain (ib. p. 85) says that the draft was pr
pared under the direction of M. de Talleyrand.
According to Villemain and Flassan, the ne
of Bonaparte's escape from Elba reached Vien
on March 5, and the news of his landing in Fran
on the 8th. Sir Archibald Alison (Lives of ~
Castlereagh and Sir C. Stewart, vol. ii. p. 595)
mentions the 7th and the 8th. The probability is,
that the intelligence of the second event arrived
at Vienna after the 8th and before the 12th. The
llth is the day specified by the authority cited in
" N. & Q." 2°* S. viii. 533. The declaration of
the 13th was obviously issued in the hope that
Napoleon's progress to Paris might be arrested.
(See Villemain, ib. p. 87.) His entry at Gre-
noble took place on the 7th, and his entry at
Lyons on the 10th, and if his reception at these
places had been known at Vienna on the 13th, a
less strong and more cautious tone would perhaps
have been adopted in the composition of this
famous document. This is an instance in which
the electric telegraph would have exercised an
important influence upon the acts of govern-
ments.
In a general sense it may be said that the news
of Napoleon's return to the throne from which he
had for so many years carried devastation over all
the continent of Europe, came upon foreign na-
tions like a thunderbolt ; and it is not likely that
the Congress of Vienna should have been exempt
from the universal consternation. But when
we come to examine the facts as they really oc-
curred, we find that this general description
requires much modification. The intelligence
which first reached Vienna, — that which was
circulated at the court entertainment — was sim-
ply that of the escape of the dangerous man from
Elba ; his destination was unknown, and was still
uncertain ; some, perhaps many, thought, with
M. de Talleyrand, that he would not risk a land-
ing in France. The event was so surprising, and
so strange, that it provoked a nervous laugh among
many of the chiefs of the congress ; and its full
gravity was not appreciated until Napoleon had
been known to have effected a successful landing
in France. M. Thiers's account of the news of
Napoleon's landing in France having reached
Vienna by way of Genoa, and falling like a thun-
derbolt upon the members of thQ congress, when
3'd S. II. AUG. 16, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
131
they were present at an entertainment, is inaccu-
rate. The news which arrrived at the court en-
tertainment was not of his landing in France, but
of his having left Elba, and it came from Florence,
not from Genoa. This difference is essential ;
because it affected the character of the event, and
the anticipation of its probable consequences.
The statement of M. Thiers, that the English
representatives at the congress made themselves
merry at the alarms of their colleagues, is highly
improbable, and is moreover contradicted by tuch
evidence as we possess. The Duke of Wellington
and his English associates must have known per-
fectly well that, although England might be less
exposed to invasion than the countries of central
Europe, still she was sure of being speedily in-
volved in a formidable war, and that a large share
of the expense of supporting that war was likely
to fall upon the English exchequer. They must,
if they had common foresight, have regarded the
event in a most serious light; and it is highly
improbable that they should have either expressed
or felt the malignant joy attributed to them by
M. Thiers. There is no approach to levity in the
tone of the dispatches written by the English re-
presentatives at Vienna. Those of the Duke of
Wellington are cool and determined, anticipating
a sanguinary struggle, and pointing out the pre-
parations to be made for it. Lord Clancarty's
letter of the llth describes his efforts to check
the affected indifference of some of the representa-
tives of other courts, and to encourage their fears.
His letter to Lord Castlereagh, written a week
later (dated Vienna, March 18,) begins thus : — •
" Under the overwhelming circumstances which are
hourly occurring in France, from the defection of the
army, and black and bloody prospects thence arising, plac-
ing as they do in jeopardy many of the arrangements
here made, and especially those relating to the Low
Countries," &c.
This is not the tone of a man who rejoiced in
the comparative security of England, or who
showed any want of concern for the probable suf-
ferings of the continent.
The feelings of the principal members of the
congress, upon this occasion, are described in
detail by Villemain, but he says nothing of any
exultation of the English plenipotentiaries over
their colleagues. He speaks of the " tranquillite
impassible, et pour ainsi dire 1'indolence hautaine
de M. de Talleyrand" (p. 82). On the other
hand, Hardenberg's Memoires represent Prince
Talleyrand as passing from the extreme of confi-
dence to that of alarm : —
"Get eve'nemenf, objet d'effroi pour le plus grand
nombre, et qui fit passer M. de Talleyrand d'une hauteur
insultante a la plus honteuse pusillanimite." (Vol. xii.
p. 475.)
It may be remarked that M. de Talleyrand, as
plenipotentiary of Louis XVIII., had reasons for
uneasiness which were peculiar to himself, and
were not shared by any of his colleagues.
The result of the above examination is that M.
Thiers's narrative of this short passage of history
is loose and inaccurate ; that it is founded, in great
measure, upon his own suppositions of what was
likely to have happened ; and that it is deficient
in characteristic features of truth, derived from
the positive testimony of the actors in the events.
Its subject is not indeed of great importance ; but
it may be taken as a sample of his mode of deal-
ing with historical evidence ; and if such is his
trustworthiness in points in which his materials
are accessible to the public, we may judge what
it is when he professes to found his account of
events upon unpublished documents. L.
DEAN SWIFT AND DR. WAGSTAFFE.
(3rd S. i. 381.)
Your correspondent D.:'S. A., in his ingenious
and elaborate article on Wagstaffe's Miscellaneous
Works, has raised a curious question. To go
through the whole of the points which he adverts
to would require a larger space than I at present
feel disposed to ask for, but as no reply has yet
been made to his paper, and the subject is an
interesting one, I feel tempted to offer a few
words, by way of caveat, against the transfer of
this literary stock to the account of the Dean
of St. Patrick's. D. S. A.'s position, to which I
must confess I am unable to subscribe, seems to
be that Swift, within about a year after the death
of Dr. William Wagstaffe, a resident London
physician of eminence, and Fellow of the Royal
Society, published under his, Dr. Wagstaffe's
name, a volume of various pieces, political, sa-
tirical, and humorous, extending to upwards of
400 8vo. pages, which were in fact the productions
of the facetious Dean himself, prefacing them by
a grave biography of the assumed author Dr.
Wagstaffe, who, on the credit of these works, has
taken his place as one of the humourists of the
time of Queen Anne from that day to this, and
been duly recorded as such by the careful and
industrious editor of Steele, King, and Swift, and
other literary biographers. Such a feat, if it
could only be satisfactorily established, would
form the climax of the mystifications of the author
of the Tale of the Tub, but the grounds alleged
seem to my mind altogether insufficient to war-
rant the conclusion for which your correspondent
contends. Let it be remembered that the in-
terval between the publication in 1726 and the
date of the earliest of the pieces as they originally
came out, was not more than fifteen years, and
was there therefore any rational probability that
such a hoax could be practised without immediate
132
NOTES AND QUERIES.
C3"> a IL Aco. 16,
detection and exposure? Were all the contem-
poraries, friends of Dr. Wagstaffe, and acquainted
with his early habits and character, or who were
conversant in the history [of the press and its
workings during the latter years of Queen Anne,
utterly perished from the face of the earth, so as
to afford an opportunity of dealing with the de-
ceased doctor's antecedents in any way which the
whim of the most whimsical of humourists might
dictate without fear or scruple? If not, how
comes it that no suspicion as to the genuineness of
the Wagstaffe Tolume appears to have been enter-
tained at the time of its publication, and that in
the prints and pamphlets of that day, as far as
can be ascertained from a pretty attentive ex-
amination, Dr. Wagstaffe's claim to its contents
is never doubted nor canvassed? So far from
that being the case, it seems never to have been
questioned from 1726 to the date of D. S. A.'s
article. I refer of course to the collection as a
whole, and the good faith with which it was
made, by no means denying the possibility that
the editor may have included some pieces in the
volume, in which other writers may have had a
share as well as Wagstaffe. Then, as to the
quality and literary merit of the contents, are they
fully up to the standard of Swift, or clearly marked
with any of his distinctive characteristics as a
writer ? Your correspondent thinks they are ; I
think not, and would merely solicit a careful
comparison with any of his undoubted writings
on similar subjects. Compare, for instance, the
" Plain Dealer" with an equal number of his
papers in the Examiner or " Toby's Character
of Richard Steele " with " The Importance of the
Guardian Considered," and the difference will be
at once discernible in the power and precision
with which the strokes are dealt out to the
writer's opponents. But it is obvious that your
correspondent's hypothesis must fall through, if
any one of the pieces contained in the volume are
clearly shown to be Wagstaffe's. Now, I possess
a very curious and extensive, indeed I should
suppose nearly complete, series of the 8vo Tracts
published in London from 1711 to 1718. The
party who formed it, whose name I do not know,
was evidently an indefatigable reader of pamph-
lets. He appears to have purchased them as
they came out, and where the date was wanting,
has supplied it, where erroneous, corrected it,
and in the body of each tract has filled up the
blanks, marked the allusions in the margin, and,
when he knew it, has written on the title-page
of each anonymous tract the name of the author,
and, as far as I have been able to test it, with ac-
curate information. In this series there is a copy
of the first edition of the Comment upon the His-
tory of Tom Thumb (London: Printed for J.
Morphew,jl711, 8vo, p. 24), on the title-page of
which the possessor has written, evidently at the
time, " By Mr. Wagstaffe." The " Comment on
Tom Thumb," so attributed to Wagstaffe by a
contemporary, is quoted in another tract included
in the Miscellaneous Works, the " Letter from
the Facetious Dr. Andrew Tripe at Bath to
Loving Brother, the Profound Greshamite,"
in exactly the same way in which the writer migh
be expected to quote one of his own productions.
Now the " Letter" itself bears every mark of
having been written by a member of the medical
profession, and who had an antipathy to Woodward
on professional grounds. The technical terms, the
details as to the cases and treatment of the small-
pox, on inoculation for which disease it will be
remembered Dr. Wagstaffe afterwards wrote a
pamphlet, all clearly place it completely out of
the category of works which can with any show
of reason be attributed to Swift, who was also
not in London at the time of its publication, and
took no interest in the controversy. If, therefore,
these two tracts, " The Comment upon Tom
Thumb," and the " Letter from Dr. Andrew
Tripe," are, on the grounds I have stated, to be
fairly accepted as Wagstaffe's, why should any
difficulty be made as to the remainder of the
pieces included, or the general bona fides with
which the collection was made be disputed? I
think I could show pretty conclusively in almost
every one of the remaining pieces, some decided
objection sufficient to negative its being considered,
at all events entirely, as a work of Swift ; but such
an examination would extend my communication
a much greater length than your limits could
possibly allow.
Your correspondent asks, " Who wrote the
Memoir prefixed to the volume ? " I would
answer, very probably Arbuthnot, with whom I
have no doubt Wagstaffe had a strong bond of
connection, being thoroughly imbued with the
same political principles, a party writer on the
same side at the same time, with the same pro-
fessional likes and aversions, and in all respects
one in whose memory and reputation Arbuthnot,
as the survivor, might naturally feel interested.
D. S. A. does not seem to be aware, otherwise
I think he would have alleged it in support of
his hypothesis, that some doubt exists as to whom
the portrait prefixed to the volume is intended to
represent. Nichols {Lit. Anec. vol. i. p. 325) at
once accepts it as a portrait of the author, but
Bromley (Cat. of Engraved Portraits, p. 300),
describes it as " Edward King, nephew of Abel
Roper, Printer." I find it prefixed to the " second
edition corrected" of the Character of Richard
Steele, Esq. (London : Printed by J. Morphew, 8 vo ;
no date, but " 1713 " supplied by the contemporary
collector), under the portrait as originally issued
is " Mr. Toby," and on one side " M. V. Gutch,
sculp." In its second state, as prefixed to the Mis-
cellaneous Works, " Mr. Toby " is omitted, and no
S. II. AUG. 16, '62.]
NOTES AND QUEKIES.
133
name is given. In the concluding paragraph of
the " Character " the writer observes : —
" As I am neither ashamed of my name or my Face, I
shall oblige them with my Picture, as my Brother has
done before me. I have the Honor, you know, to be a
Member with him of the same Society of Short Faces,
and we differ little in the lineaments of our Visage, not-
withstanding we disagree in our opinions."
It may be doubted, notwithstanding Mr. Toby's
assertion, whether the " Picture " he " obliged "
his readers with was the veritable phiz of the
author of this bitter attack upon Steele, or a
fanciful one in ridicule of Steele's own. The
title-page to the Miscellaneous Works mentions
" several Curious Cuts engraved on Copper," but
says nothing of a portrait of the doctor. Why it
was considered by Bromley to represent Abel
Roper's Nephew, Edward King, I know not, un-
less from his understanding Toby's claim of
kindred to Abel in a literal instead of figurative
manner. JAS. CBOSSLET.
THE HALSETS.
(3rd S. ii. 87.)
Edmund Halsey's brewery was not at St. Al-
bans ; but Edmund was the son of a St. Albans
miller, from whom, on a quarrel, he ran away,
went up to London, and took service as a labourer
in the yard of the Anchor Brewery, Southward,
then belonging to Mr. Child. Halsey, by industry
and integrity, rose to be chief clerk in the South-
wark brewery, married his master's only child,
and succeeded to the business.
The business prospered. Mr. and Mrs. Ed-
mund Halsey had one daughter, sole issue of the
marriage. This little Anne went to school at
Mademoiselle Pruelli's with Mary Granville, Lady
Catherine Knollys, daughter of the self-styled
Earl of Banbury, Lady Jane Douglas, subse-
quently mother of the Duke of Douglas, whose
illegitimacy was so stoutly asserted by the Hamil-
tons, and Diana Bertie, Mrs. Oldfieid's daughter,
who afterwards married a peer, whose title I
forget, but which some of your correspondents
can, no doubt, supply. Little Anne Halsey was,
ultimately, as successful as dashing Die Bertie,
for the brewer's heiress married Viscount Cob-
ham, that Richard Temple who was the friend
of Pope, the creator of the gardens at Stowe,
and whose " decayed carcase," according to Mrs.
Pendarves, in 1739, " contained a spirit that was
surprising." This Lord and Lady Cobham in-
herited the brewery at Edmund Halsey's death.
Before that death, however, Halsey had brought
up from Offley, Herts, a poor nephew of his,
named Ralph Thrale, — a handsome fellow, and as
hard-working as he was good-looking. Ralph, in
course of time, became manager of the brewery
in Southwark, and saved a large amount of
money. But he offended his uncle by marrying
a lady whom that uncle would fain have had for
his second wife, and the love-lorn widower left
Ralph nothing at his death. Ralph, however,
cared little for this. He had money and he had
experience. With the former he purchased the
brewery from Lord and Lady Cobham, and by
means of the latter he increased the business,
which passed at his death to his son Henry Thrale,
who married Hester Salusbury, afterwards Mrs.
Piozzi. At Henry Thrale's decease, the business
was purchased by his two chief clerks — Barclay
and Perkins.
It will thus be seen, I think, that Edmund
Halsey's property may have increased the com-
forts of the Temple- Grenvilles, but did not found
the provincial greatness of his namesakes, the old
Halseys of Gaddesden, a family of ancient standing
and fortune, tempered in later years by the shadow
of a great sorrow.
Should this be of use to C. W. B., I will ask
him, in return, to tell me, if he can, the name and
title of Diana Bertie's husband. J. DOEAN.
P.S.— A correspondent, D. (3rd S. ii. 98) at-
tributes to me the papers which appeared in the
Gentleman's Magazine, on " Ulric von Hiitten."
I wrote a paper on the subject in a Quarterly
Review, but, however flattered I may be by D.'s
supposition, I can lay no claim to the authorship
of the excellent articles on Ulric, which appeared
in the pages of the venerable Sylvanus. J. D.
ASTROLOGY EXPLODED.
(3rd S. ii. 92.)
To explode is originally to beat the hands to-
gether in disapprobation ; as in pars plaudite ergo,
pars offensi explodite. In this sense it is hardly
necessary to say what writers have exploded as-
trology. But in the common use of the word —
the active form of which is all but gone out — to
be exploded is to be made obsolete. In this sense
the question is not answerable. If astrology be
obsolete, the explosion can hardly be traced to
this or that writer ; if not, it is not exploded, and
no writer has done it, because it is not done.
Literally, it is not done : for some still believe in
astrology ; but the fact is notorious that, as your
correspondent himself says, they are "ignorant
men into whose hands astrology has been chiefly
thrown."
The long and the short of it is that your corre-
spondent, believing in astrology, thinks that it has
not been refuted, and challenges the names of those
who have refuted it. To this the answer is that
no one has refuted it to him, and that various
writers have refuted it to many others. I will
answer for it he knows some of these last. But
134
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. AUG. 1C, '62.
it may be feared that he wants to bring on the dis-
cussion ; and this I hope you will not permit : your
columns are not the proper place for it. A com-
promise may easily be effected : you can admit
that astrology has not been quite exploded ; and
your correspondent will not deny that it has been
pretty considerably blown up. It may also be
acknowledged that many, nearly all, of those who
actually cast figures by the old or new rules are not
charlatans, not intentional deceivers : if deceiving
others, they first deceive themselves. But it is
pretty certain that most of those who make a
trade of the thing are worse than charlatans, and
really know little about the details which they
pretend to use.
I will add to your correspondent's list the fol-
lowing : A New and Complete Illustration of the
Celestial Science of Astrology. By E. Sibly,
M.D., F.R.H.S. Twelfth edition, 1817. There are
two octavo volumes, containing more than 1100
pages. I cannot find this writer mentioned by
Watt. The date of his preface is " the year of
Masonry 5784," which I suppose to mean 1784,
or thereabouts. The following will give an idea
of the pretensions of the book, which is a remark-
able book if it really went through twelve edi-
tions. The owner of a privateer, which had not
been heard of, called to know her fate. Dr. Sibly
gave judgment on a figure " rectified to the pre-
cise time the question was propounded." "The
ship itself appeared well formed and substantial,
but not a swift sailer, as is demonstrated by an
earthy sign possessing the cusp of the ascendant,
and the situation of the Dragon's Head in five
degrees of the same sign." The ship itself was
pronounced to have been captured.
From the whole account it is clear that Dr.
Sibly's system — how now esteemed by astrologers
I do not know — has but this alternative. Either
one and the same figure will tell the fate of all the
ships which have not been heard of, including their
sailing qualities, or the stars will never send an
owner to ask for news except just at the moment
when they are in a position to describe his parti-
cular ship. M.
ANCIENT SHIPS.
(3rd S. ii. 67.)
Cowel says : " By stat. 28 Hen. VI. cap. v., ba-
lenger seems to be a kind of barge, boat, or water-
vessel;" and he adds, "balenger rather signifies
a man-of-war, tandem pene solus fugicns in Balin-
gario. Walsingh., in R. 2, Hostes armaverunt quin-
que vasa bellica qvalia Balingarias appellamus"
I qu. the Old Fr. balenier, " vaisscau corsaire."
Minsheu says: "Cock-boate; Belg. kaghe-boot;
Fr. coquet ; G. kahau, a forma galli nomen habet."
Bayley renders cogga, coggo, " a sort of sea vessel
or ship (Old Lat.); and coggle, cobble, a small
fishing boat (country word)." Cowel says:
" Cogo (cogones) seems to be a kind of vessel or
boat, upon the river Ouse and Jf umber, mentioned
in Sun. 23 Hen. VIII. c. 18, also a small ship :
for I find, in Matth. Westm. An. Dom. 1066
Venit ad hoc in Angliam (Rex Noricorum)
centis Coggonibus advectus. About Scarbc
they have still a sort of small vessels, which
call coggles — the little cogs" And under coggl
he says : " Upon some of the sea-coasts in lor
shire, a small fishing-boat is called a coggle, i.
a little coggc; and in some places, by corruptiot
a cobble — from the old Teuton hogge, a ship ;
whence the Lat. coggo, cogga, &c., anno 1066.
Venit ad hoc, &c., &c. Mat. West. sub. ann. Pra-
paratis cogonibus, galleis et aliis navibus onera-
riis — 600 naves, et 24 coggas bene prceparatas.
Mat. Par. sub. ann. 1218. Hence our old Sax.
cockede, a seaman ; called, in the Laws of King
Henry /., c. 29, cocseti; and c. 81, cothseti. The
old glossary to these laws, made in the reign of
Edward III. interprets cocsade by cocarius, which
Du Fresne seems to misunderstand for coquus, a
cook ; whereas cocarius is indeed a coker or boat-
man, from coca, coquia, a boat ; as, with little
variation, a coggesuane, a cock-swain, now a cog-
geson, or coxon, is an officer in a ship : hence the
old Lat. cogcio, coccio, a wandering and begging
seaman; which Sir H. Spelman (who rarely
trifles) believes to have been so called from the
Gr. KCD\VU, lugeo, ploro. But the true name and
orignal was cogciones, cog-men, or boatmen ; who,
after shipwreck or losses by sea, travelled about
to defraud the people by begging and stealing,
till they were restrained by many civil and good
laws : ut isti Mangones et Cogciones, qui sine
omni lege vagabundi vadunt per istam terram, non
sinantur vagari, et deceptiones hominibus agere.
Vide Spelm. in voce, et Du Fresne." The word cog,
or cock, seems to be from the D. kaag, a sort of
ship. Cf. the Ir. coca ; It. cocca ; W. cwc ; Fr.
caique, a skiff belonging to a galley ; Barb. Gr.
KcuKi} ; Turcic, ~«\., kaik. Webster says : " Cock
is a'small boat. It is now called a cock-boat, which
is tautology, as cock itself is a boat;" but tauto-
logy is quite allowable in the present " age of
progress, as it is called. Helebotes might be
a corruption of eel-boats, or would translate
" covered boats," from hele, to cover ; A.-S. helan ;
L. celo. Farecosts were probably coasting boats ;
boats that fared along the coasts. The origin of
the word collet is doubtful. It might possibly
be a diminutive of heel, a long sort of boat, in
which the Saxons invaded England ; also the
name of a low, flat-bottomed vessel, used in the
Tyne, to convey coals from Newcastle for loading
colliers ; from A.-S. ceol, a ship, small bark,
vessel. Cf. Junius, under COGOE.
11. S. CHABNOCK.
3'* S. II. AUG. 16, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
135
OLD PICTURES AND ALLUSIONS.
(3rd S. ii. 87.)
The anachronisms of painters, modern as well
as ancient, are numerous almost beyond belief.
(See " N. & Q." 2nd S. iii. 65, 115, 193.) Most
of them are the result of sheer ignorance of the
times, persons, and things which are striven to be
depicted. Not a few, however, of the works of
art of early date which represent persons of the
classic times, are illustrations of mediaeval ro-
mances, in which the heroes and sages of Greece
and Rome appear as characters.
A notable instance of this occurs in the Lai
(CArisiote, a thirteenth century poem by the
trouvere Henri d'Andeli. According to this le-
gend, Alexander the Great had a beautiful Indian
Princess for a concubine, in whose society he
spent much of the time which, in his tutor's
opinion, ought to have been given to higher
matters. Aristotle rebuked his pupil for this
dalliance so sternly that he prevailed on him for a
time to avoid the company of the fair damsel.
The lady, however, soon regained her ascendancy
over the conqueror, and prevailed upon him to
confess to her the reason of his absence. When
she knew the cause, her anger was great against
the philosophical meddler, and determining upon
revenge, she clad herself, at a suitable oppor-
tunity, in her most attractive attire, and waylaid
the Stagyrite, who, in spite of age, wisdom, and
virtue, was so captivated by her, that in the most
passionate language he pressed his love. The
princess would not regard his suit except on the
very hard condition that he should be saddled
and bridled like unto an ass, and going on all
fours should permit her to ride on his back round
the royal garden. Aristotle of course agreed to
these conditions, but in the midst of the ride was
surprised by Alexander, who showed himself at a
window and rebuked him for his folly.
The allusion in the Analytical Magazine, if not
to the above story, is no doubt to one of similar
character.
An elaborately carved ivory casket, probably
not of later date than the fourteenth century,
was exhibited before the Society of Antiquaries by
its owner, Seth William Stevenson, Esq., F.S.A.,
on May 13, 1847, on a portion of the front of which
this legend was to be seen. An engraving of
this beautiful work of art may be found in the
Journal of the Archaeological Association for
October, 1849. On the authority of a paper by
Thomas Wright, Esq., F.S.A., which illustrates
this engraving, I may remark that this legend is
to be found sculptured on the masonry of Lyons
Cathedral, on the stalls at Rouen, and on a column
of the church of St. Pierre at Rouen, where the
mistress of the great conqueror is represented
riding on the philosopher's back, " astride, with
saddle and stirrups." K. P. D. E.
DE COSTA THE WATERLOO GUIDE (3rd S. ii.
7, 51, 108.) — I write merely to point out a most
unfortunate misprint in the date of my visit to
Waterloo ; but whether the fault is mine or the
printer's I cannot tell, as I kept no copy of my
note.* In my last at page 108 of "N. & Q.," my
visit to Waterloo is stated to have been in 1822,
instead of 1816. This date is very important, as
the visit occurred in the year after the battle ;
which circumstance adds much interest to the
matters detailed in my communication, while it
strengthens the case of the faithfulness of De
Costa, which was the principal object of my com-
munication. F. C. H.
A ROMANCE OP REAL LIFE (3rd S. ii. 62.) —
In Jacob's Peerage, 1767, vol. ii. p. 205, it is
stated that Francis, third Lord Guildford, —
" Married on the 16th June, A.D. 1728, Lucy, daughter
of George, Earl of Halifax, by Ricarda Posthuma, daughter
and sole heir of Richard Saltonstall, of Chippin Warden,
in Northamptonshire, Esquire, and by her ladyship, who
departed this life on the 7th of May, A.D. 1734, and was
buried at Wroxton, had issue a daughter, Lucy, who
died an infant, and was interred at Wroxton; also a
son, Frederick North, Lord North."
Perhaps some correspondent of " N. & Q."
will search the Wroxton parish register for the
entry of the burial of the infant.
GEORGE RATSON.
Pulham.
ENGLISH KINGS ENTOMBED IN FRANCE (3rd S. i.
426.) — Notwithstanding the opinion of your cor-
respondent W. D. (3rd S. i. 498), that " The
French did a foolish thing when they brought
away the remains of Buonaparte from St. Helena,"
I think that the British nation would be success-
ful in asking for the " Lion Heart " of Richard I.
from Rouen, in exchange for the cancerous sto-
mach of Napoleon the Great, which, after his
decease, was sent to England from St. Helena,
and deposited in the Museum of our Royal Col-
lege of Surgeons, in London. It is disgraceful
to us as a nation, and to the medical profession in
particular, that this revolting object should be
made a vulgar show of, in such company as is
assigned to it in Bohn's Hand-Book to London,
where, at page 719, we read : — "Here" (College
of Surgeons) " are also the diseased intestines of
Napoleon ; and the skeletons of several remark-
able giants, dwarfs, and monsters, human and
animal." M. D.
CHESS LEGEND (3rd S. ii. 86.)— The first ques-
tion is, what is the number of grains required :
the answer is, 2^4 — 1, which gives 18447 with
fifteen additional figures : then, assuming 33^-
grains to make a penny-weight, and 60 Ibs. to be
the weight of a bushel, the result is 4,803,906
millions of quarters as equivalent to26* — 1 grains.
[* Not a misprint, but a slip of the pen. — ED.]
136
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3«» S. II. A0Q. 16,
The next question is, what is the possible
production of the earth if exclusively confined to
•wheat, on the assumption of a surface of 50 mil-
lion square miles : the answer is, that each square
mile containing 5760 acres, the total area will be
288,000 millions of acres, and the produce, as-
sumed at three quarters per acre, 5,184,000 mil-
lions of quarters in six years, and therefore more
than sufficient to fulfil the required terms. But
the earth has not produced any such quantity,
for it requires more than 800 million quarters
annually for six thousand years to satisfy the
terms demanded, namely, one grain for the first
square, two for the second, four for the third, and
the same duplicate ratio for the remaining sixty-
four squares of the chess board.
T. J. BUCKTON.
Lichfield.
POPE'S ODE (3rd S. ii. 90.) — To sing this at
funerals was not peculiar to parish churches.
Nearly half a century ago I used to hear it in a
country town, in which it was the regular funeral
psalm of two dissenting congregations. One, In-
dependent, of the type of 1662, which was the
date of the meeting-house ; the other, Unitarian.
It was sung to a florid air, very much like a glee :
in fact the well known glees, " Poor insect " and
" Glorious Apollo," are much more like hymns.
Those who wonder at this must remember that
church and chapel music cannot be extemporised;
at least by dissenters. It is somewhat curious in
the musical point of view, that those who adopt
extempore prayer and preaching are precisely
those who have rejected the only extempore de-
votional music which exists. Where the psalms
are chanted, any tolerable organist can throw off
a new chant, and those who sing catch it at
once : and this has been done often enough. But
regular hymns must be known beforehand. I
have more than once, in chapels in which the
minister determines the psalm, heard the an-
nouncement " I am sorry to say we have no tune
for that, Sir," proceed from the singers' gallery.
This necessity for set music may have the effect
of an ordinance, by bringing about an equally
powerful routine. At the first mentioned chapel
there was a man of notoriously bad life, who died
in trouble of conscience : his last expressions were
more correctly to be called expectations than
hopes; at least, so the rumour went. But the
singers had nothing appropriate to a funeral ex-
cept Pope's Ode; and Pope's Ode accordingly
was sung over his remains : whereat those who
objected to the general declaration in the esta-
blished service were much scandalized.
One thing brings on another. I remember
that certain singers of a rather crack corps in an
Independent chapel — but not the one mentioned
above — had some defects in their execution
which it was thought would be mended by their
meeting in private to practice a few rounds and
catches. Accordingly they tried their hands,
inter aZia, at the following, with much gravity : •
"Hot collets! Hot collets!
We boil! We boil!
Come quickly ! Come quickly !
Or else we spoil ! "
What are collets? I think I have the wor
right. Is this catch still known ? By whom
it?
THB DIGBT EPITAPH (3rd S. ii. 6, 90.) — MOT
not mortal, is the word inscribed on ihe mom
ment. It was correctly given in the first Not
(p 6) from the information of the vicar of She
borne. J. H. M.
UNLUCKY DATS (3rd S. i. 176.)— With referenc
to the articles which have appeared in " N. & Q."
on the subject of "Unlucky Days," I beg to for-
ward a literal copy of a small paper on the sut
ject which I found in La Bibliotheque du Roi, i
Paris, in MS., No. 198, de 1'anciens fond deNotr
Dame, in the hope that it may interest some
the readers of your curious miscellany.
" Ci commencent let .xxx. jorz perUleus de Fan.
" II a .xxx. iorz en 1'an qui moult sont perilleus. Ce
nos raconte Ii maistres des Cyrius.* Cil qui est enfersf
en ces iorz garra a paines. Item, se fame gist de flz ou
de fille en gesine il ne viura pas granment et se il viuoit
il seroit touziors poures de touz biens. Item, se home se
marie en ces iorz Ii ou sa fame ne viuront gaires et se il
viuent par auenture il ne s'entrameront ia ne n'auront
pais ensemble. Item, se il s'entrament par auenture il
seront toziors poures et soffreteus. Item, se il vont en
estrange terre il ne s'en venront en sante de lor cors ne
de lor chastel. Item, en ces iors ne doit on vendre
n'acheter ne edefier ne planter quar il ne puet profiler se
poi non. Item, en jenuier en a .v. iours le premier, le
secont, le quart, le sissieme, et le sessieme. En feurier
en a .iij. le .xij. le .xv. le .xix. En marz en a .iiij. le sis-
sieme, le sessieme, le .xv. et .xvij. En auril en a .ij. le
.xv. et le . xvj. En mai en a .iij. le .xij. le .xvij. et le
.xix. En juing en a .1 le .vj. En junanet [ ? ] en a .ij. le
.xv. et le .xvj. En setembre en a .i. le .vj. En octobre
en a .ij. le .xv. et le .xvij. En nouembre en a .iiij. En
decembre en a .iij. le vj. le .vij. et le nueuieme.
" Explicit."
L'EDITEUR DU ROMAN DE ROBEBT-
LE-DlABLE.
Bibliothequelde Caen, 31 Juillet, 1862.
BLUE AKD BUFF (3rd S. i. 472, 500; ii. 34, 96.)
Are not these colours entirely arbitrary ? They
vary in different places, and even in the same
place. In Norwich, for instance, during my re-
membrance, the Whig colours were blue and
white, and the Tory colours orange and purple.
In the county of Norfolk, the polling place for
which was in Norwich, the colours at the same
time were, for the Tories, pink and purple, and
* Cyrius, Cyrus.
f Enfers, infirme, malade. (Celui qui est malade en
ces jours aura grande peine a gueYir.)
8* s. ii. AUG. 16, '62.], NOTES AND QUERIES.
137
for the Whigs, at one election, orange and blue,
and at another orange and white ; and at one great
fifrht for a single seat the Whig colour was green,
and the Tory purple. In Ipswich, I believe, blue
is the Tory colour. I have always understood the
county colours, at all events, were the colours of
the livery of the candidates. Would it not be
worth while to record the party colours of different
places for the edification of our successors, to
whom such things will be entirely unknown, and
many allusions unintelligible. In my younger
days it was never said that a Norwich man was,
or voted for, Tory or Whig, but that he was
orange and purple, or blue and white. A. F. B.
PoMFEET, POUNTFREYT, OR PoNSFRACTUS (lrt S'
ii. 56, 205; ix. 343.)— Several years ago there
was a Query in your publication respecting the
locale from whence Edward II. dated several do-
cuments, which appear in Rymer's Fcedera as
from Pountfreyt, or Pontem fractum super Thamis'.
I was at that time engaged in making researches
about Shene, also on the Thames (the original
Richmond), and I was very desirous to ascertain
where this Pomfret could have been, but all my
endeavours proved ineffectual, and I reluctantly
relinquished the subject. Accidentally looking
in Lysons's Environs of London, vol. iii., p. 423,
Lond. 1795, I now discover, under " Stepney," a
full answer to the original Query of " N. & Q."
It there appears that John" Abel in 1323 died
seized of the manor of Pountfreyt upon the
Thames, and there is a long description how the
property descended from John Abel.
Although this is tardy information, still it is
satisfactory, as it clears up a point long in sus-
pense, and will stimulate myself, and perhaps
others, not to be discouraged in their investiga-
tions even under very unfavourable circumstances.
NIL DESPERANDUM.
TETBURT, alias TEDBURY. — Your correspondent
DUBITANS (3rd S. i. 487), who inclines to think
the original orthography of this place is rather
equivocal, may find plenty of authorities for the
d being customary, both in the spelling and pro-
nunciation, in quondam times. Tetbury, as well
as Malmesbury, four miles distant, were 300 years
ago, celebrated for a good breed of horses for the
chase. In the British Museum (Harl. Rolls, D.
35) there is the valuation of the personal pro-
perty of Robert Dudley, the great Earl of Leices-
ter, who had married the Countess of Essex, and
who died in 1588 at Wanstead House (where he
had entertained Elizabeth). Of his horses, six
only are pre-eminently noted, viz. : —
£ s. d.
"Bay Ley - - - - 26 13 4
Bald Bakers - - - - 15 0 0
Bay Tedburie - - - - 2 13 4
Bald Tedburie - - - - 2 13 4
Grey Tedburie - - - - 2 13 4
Bay Malmsburie - - - 2 13 4 "
which shows the Tedbury horses were in the
greatest estimation. The surface of the Cotswold
Hills forms a fine champaign country for hunting,
and at this day the neighbourhood is regularly
hunted by the Duke of Beaufort, from Badmin-
ton, within ten miles of Tetbury.
Before I dismiss the Earl of Leicester, I may
mention some particulars of his will. His personal
property was valued at 29.820Z. His books form
the most moderate item in the detail of his valu-
ables, they consisting simply of an old Bible, 4s. ;
the Acts and Monuments, old and torn, 3s. 4d. ;
Eight Psalters, 5s. 4d. ; and a Service Book^, Is.,
the whole library having been priced at 13s. 8d. !*
It seems to have been upon a par with that of the
Licencie Sedillo f, which he so generously be-
queathed to Gil Bias. Except his collection of
books, every thing about the earl was splendid ;
and so sumptuous was his funeral that it cost
4000Z., an enormous sum considering the value of
money in Queen Elizabeth's reign. 2. 5.
MEDAL OF ADMIRAL VERNON (3rd S. ii. 70.) —
I have two of these medals, one which was
ploughed up in a field in this neighbourhood about
three years ago, much corroded, but having dis-
cernible on one side, a portly figure, in uniform,
a sword in his hand, at his back a ship, in front of
him a cannon and a town, underneath which is
" HAVANA . . . . " the only remaining portion of
the superscription is " VE . . . . OF THE BLUE."
On the reverse are six ships, three forts, and a town.
The portion of the superscription discernible is
" TOOK PORTO .... SIX . . . ."
The other medal, which is in excellent preserva-
tion, has on one side a figure with a truncheon in his
hand, at his back a ship, in front a cannon. The
superscription — " THE BRITISH GLORY KEVIVED
BY ADMIRAL VERNON." On the reverse six ships,
large, three forts, and a town, and three ships,
small, in distance. The superscription and date
the same as those mentioned by C. J. R.
C. E. BIRCH.
PICTURE or THE REFORMERS (3rd S. ii. 87.) —
H. C. F. (Herts), may be glad to know that an
engraving similar to the picture he inquires after
was published in a modernised and abridged edi-
tion of Foxe's Martyrology, in one vol. folio, to-
wards the end of the last century. The book is a
worthless one, but I never saw but one copy, and
that in a library now dispersed, otherwise I would
have endeavoured to furnish your correspondent
with a more satisfactory description of the book.
GRIME.
ARCHJEPISCOPAL MITRES (2nd S. viii. 248 ; ix.
67, 188, 295.) — May I add a few particulars to
those already given on this subject? Your
[* These were probably the only books at Wanstead
House, and not the whole of the Earl's library. — ED.]
f Histoire de Gil Bias, livre second, chap. ii.
138
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3*1 a II. Aco. 16, '62.
correspondent, G., mentioned that in the print of
R. White representing Abp. Bancroft and his col-
leagues, the remaining six bishops, a mitre sur-
rounded by a Marquis's coronet, is placed over the
arms of the Archbishop. At the soiree given by
the Incorporated Law Society a few weeks back,
I saw a portrait of Abp. Bancroft, by D. Loggan,
from life, dated 1680, the mitre over the arms in
this print had no coronet at all. A portrait by
J. Savage, in the same room, of Abp. Tennison,
displayed a mitre rising from a Marquis's coronet.
A few days ago I saw nn engraving of Abp. Til-
lotson, by P. Vanderbank, after Maria Beal, which,
like the print by R. White, alluded to by G., had
a mitre with a marquis's coronet over the arms.
A day or two later I saw a portrait of Abp. Laud,
by R. White, but here the mitre was represented
without any coronet. As regards foreign mitres,
I may mention that a short time since £ received
a marriage certificate, signed by the Cardinal Abp.
of Florence. At the top of the certificate were
engraved the arms of the see with their accom-
paniments, and there the mitre was depicted with-
out any coronet whatever. The only thing in fact
to show that it was an archiepiscopal achievement
was the presence of the crosier instead of the pas-
toral stall'.
J. W. mentions that the tiara of a patriarch is
decorated with two coronets, but gives no autho-
rity for the statement. Now it is well known that
anciently even the tiara of the Pope was plain, the
first coronet being added by John XIII., the
second by Boniface VIII., and the third by Bene-
dict XIII. Had it been an ancient custom for
Patriarchs to use a mitre with two coronets, surely
the mitres of the earlier Archbishops of York
would have been so represented, for Dean Hook,
in his Church Dictionary, mentions the Abp. of
York as one of the thirteen Patriarchs of the early
ages of the church, and until about 1466 all the
bishops of Scotland were consecrated by and sub-
ject to them. Afterwards the Archbishops of
Canterbury became Patriarchs, and in the times of
William I. and his immediate successor were de-
clared to be metropolitans of the churches of Eng-
land, Scotland, and Ireland. At this time the
style of the Primate was Patriarch and Orbis Bri-
tannici Pontifex, and official documents under his
hand ran anno Pontificatus nostri primo, secundo,
&c. See Burn's Eccl. Law. Yet notwithstand-
ing all this, no instance earlier than the time of
Abp. Sheldon can be found of any coronet being
added to the archiepiscopal mitre. J. A. PH.
THE POTATO (3rd S. ii. 83.) — Mount Car-
tago, about sixty miles south of St. Juan de
Nicaragua (or Grey Town), is said to produce
the potato indigenously. Can it possibly have
been the locality whence the esculent was brought
to England ? A. L.
QUOTATION (3rd S. ii. 47.) — K. will find by a
reference to Longfellow's Ladder of St. Augustine,
that the American poet is, no doubt, the " one who
sings " alluded to by Tennyson, though the im
itself is due to St. Augustine. Longfellow's v
begin : —
"St. Augustine! well hast thou said,
That of our vices we can frame
A ladder, if we will but tread
Beneath our feet each deed of shame."
St. Augustine's words are " De vitiis nos
scalam nobis facirnus, si vitia ipsa calcamus." (
man III., De Ascensione.)
C. G. P.
Carlton Club.
BISHOPS IN WAITING (2** S. vii. 359.) — While
turning over an old volume of " N. & Q.," I came
on this, so far as I can find, hitherto unanswered
Query. In reply to COLONIST, I would say that
all bishops as such take precedence of barons of
the realm. This includes the junior English
bishop, the Bishop of Sodor and Man, the Irish,
Scottish, and colonial bishops. The precedence
of a bishop has now nothing to do with his barony,
as in that case, the Bishops of Gloucester, Bristol,
Peterborough, Oxford, and Chester would not
rank with the other bishops, as they have no
baronies. A bishop is a spiritual peer, and is
equally entitled to the prefix " Lord " whether he
has a seat in the House of Lords or not.
J. A. PK,
PRECEDENCE OP DEANS, ETC. (2nJ S. vii. 359.) —
I would recommend SAX to consult Dean Hook's
Church Dictionary. J. A. PN.
SOCTH-SEA STOCK (2ud S. x. 7.) — G. A. S. L.
asks for information respecting the holders of
South-Sea Stock from 1711 to 1720; as his
Qu«ry seems to have met with no reply, I beg to
inform him, that I have a list of nearly 20,000
holders of said stock ; and that I shall be pleased
to give him any particular information therefrom,
that he may desire. D. M. STEVENS.
Guildford.
GBEAT SCIENTIFIC TEACHER (3rd S. ii. 104.) —
The "Great Scientific Teacher" is Auguste Comte.
The passage will be found translated in Comte's
Philosophy of the Sciences, by G. H. Lewes, p. 88.
The following is one sentence : —
" To minds early familiarized with true philosophical
astronomy, the heavens declare no other glory than that
of Hipparchns, of Kepler, of Newton, and of all those
who have aided in establishing their laws."
S.F.
THE MARROW CONTROVERSY (3rd S. ii. 10,
54.) — A recent account of this controversy will
be found in the British and Foreign Evangelical
Review, vol. ii. London, Nisbet & Co. Biogra-
phies of the "Marrow Divines" are given in a
book entitled Gospel Truth accurately stated
3"« S. II. AUG. 16, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
139
illustrated, Glasgow, Blackie, Fullarton & Co.,
1831. The controversy turned upon free grace,
and assurance of salvation. The names of the
leading ministers, who defended the celebrated
book — Fisher's Marrow of Divinity, with Notes by
Hog — were James Hog, Thomas Boston,
Bonar, John Williamson, Kid, Gabriel Wil-
son, Ebenezer Erskine, Ralph Erskine, James
Wardlaw, Henry Davidson, James Bathgate,
William Hunter. Their chief opponent was Prin-
cipal Hadow, of St. Andrew's University. See
Wodrow's Correspondence, published by the Wod-
row Society ; and Boston's Memoirs.
D. C. A. AGNEW.
ALAN BE GALLOWAY (3rl S. ii. 7.) — The family
name of Alan, Lord of Galloway, was M'Dowall,
or M'Douall. One branch of his descendants is
represented by the Marquis of Bute, and another
branch by Colonel M'Douall of Logan, Wigtown-
shire. See Nisbet's Heraldry (1722), vol. i.
p. 288. D. C. A. AGNEW.
Wigtown, N.B.
THE "NAME OF JESUS" (3rd S. ii. 84.) — The
Feast of the "Name of Jesus" was one of those
retained in the Calendar of the Book of Common
Prnyer from the Catholic Ritual. It occurs on
the 7th of August in the Books of Hours of the
Sarum Use ; and is given in the Latin Calendar
inserted by Mr. Maskell in his Monumenta Ritualia
EcclesicE Anglicance, vol. ii., from an Enchiridion
ad usum Sarum, printed at Paris in 1530 ; where
we read, " Aug. vi. Transfiguratio Domini ; Aug.
vn. Festuni Nominis Jesu." The Feast of the
Holy Name of Jesus was granted by Pope Cle-
ment VIII. to the Franciscan Order in 1530, to
be celebrated on the 14th of January; but by
Innocent XIII., it was appointed, in 1721, to be
kept by the whole Church on the Second Sunday
after Epiphany, which has ever since been ob-
served. The Feast of the 7th of August appears
to have been peculiar to England. But when St.
Paul declares that every knee shall bow at the
adorable name of Jesus, no one may presume to
surmise that this festival encouraged the mere
worship of a name. F. C. H.
" IGNORANCE is THE MOTHER OF DEVOTION "
(3rd S. ii. 105.) — This assertion was made, in a
great disputation had at Westminster, by Dr.
Cole, who was a strenuous supporter of Roman
Catholic doctrines. F. FITZ HENET.
SOUL-FOOD; POT-BAWS (3rd S. ii. 76, 116.)—
At the beginning of the well-known Lancashire
Dialect, the author complains " Pot-baws are
scant, and dear is seawl and cheese." My edi-
tion (1793) contains a glossary said by the editor
to comprehend 800 words more than any other of
the same kind, and therein the word " seawl " is
interpreted " Wet stuff, &c. to eat with bread.
A.-S." The latter letters signify it to be de-
rived from the Anglo-Saxon. There is very
little doubt that Webster is correct, and that its
original is the Anglo-Saxon sufel or suful. Bos-
worth gives these words as the translations from
the Vulgate of" opsonium" and " pulmentarium."
(S. John, xxi. 5, and Deut. xv. 14.) Holloway
gives " Sool, Sowl, anything eaten with bread.
North." It is, however, curious that the copious
Lancashire Glossary does not give the etymology
of the first doubtful word, " pot-baws." Can tbe
readers of " N. & Q." inform us what is meant
by this phrase ? A. A.
Poets' Corner.
MARAUDER (3rd S. ii. 105.) — Richardson leaves
the derivation undecided. He says : —
"Menage notices the derivation of this word from a
Comte Merodea, who commanded in the armies of Fer-
dinand II., but Duchat shows that it existed long before.
... It is not improbably formed upon the verb to mar"
It has often struck me that a small but inter-
esting volume might be compiled of words derived
from proper names of men, places, &c. ; 'e.g.
Mausoleum, Myrmidon, Solecism, Pindaric, Pas-
quinade, Assassin, Lambiner. (See Hallam, Lit. of
Europe, i. 486.) Trepan (if from Trapani), Donat,
&c. &c. They might be counted by hundreds, if
not thousands. FRANCIS TRENCH.
Islip Rectory.
CATAMARAN (3rd S. i. 403, &c.) — It is true
the large boat that lands passengers from ships
through the three dreaded lines of surf at Madras
is called the " massoullah boat," but I have
always heard from old Indians that the little
canoes, made of one piece of wood, which go out
to ships as soon as they arrive with fresh fruits,
&c., and which accompany the massoullah boat in
case of a capsize, are called catamarans. I how-
ever feel a little doubt as to your correspondent's
derivation of the word, for of all animals cats
dread the water the most, and are the most help-
less in it. A. A.
Poets' Corner.
LITERATURE OF LUNATICS (3rd S. i. 451, 500;
ii. 76.) — Christopher Smart, the contemporary
and friend of Johnson, Garrick, and Charles Bur-
ney, and author of that bitter satire, The Hilliad,
composed in 1763, whilst confined in a mad-house,
his " Song to David" — a composition as regular
in its design and execution, as sublime in its
matter and spirit. Being deprived of writing
materials by his keepers, lest attempts at compo-
sition should aggravate his complaint, the unfor-
tunate poet was obliged to convert a key into a
stylus, with which he indented his verses on the
walls of his prison-chamber, and afterwards shaded
them off with a rough piece of charcoal. The
three concluding stanzas of this remarkable song
140
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[8"1 S. II. AUG. 16, '62.
afford a good criterion as well of our author's
poetical powers as of the perfect sequence of his
ideas : —
" Glorious the sun in mid career,
Glorious the assembled fires appear,
Glorious the comet's train ;
Glorious the trumpet and alarm,
Glorious th' Almighty's outstretch'd arm,
Glorious the enraptured main !
" Glorious the northern lights astream,
Glorious the song when God's the theme,
Glorious the thunder's roar ;
Glorious llosanna from the den,
Glorious the Catholic Amen,
Glorious the martyr's gore !
" Glorious — more glorious — is the crown
Of Him that brought Salvation down,
By meekness, call'd Thy Son :
Thou that stupendous truth believ'd,
And now the matchless deed's achiev'd,
Determined, dared, and done ! "
0.
The most extraordinary instance, I ever heard of
was that of a celebrated botanist who went out of
his mind, and fancied he had been travelling in
heaven; and sate down to write The Flora and
Fauna of Paradise, illustrated with drawings. I
have forgotten the name, but was told it exhibited
wonderful genius and imagination, of course both
strangely perverted. Is anything known of the
work or its author ? A. A.
Poets' Corner.
NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.
A Dictionary of the Bible, comprising Antiquities, Bio-
graphy, Geography, and Natural History. Bij various
Writers. Edited by William Smith, LL.D. Parts VJ1.
VIII. and IX. (Murray.)
1 The three Parts of this extremely valuable Dictionary,
which we have now to notice, very nearly complete the
first volume. Another Part will do so; and the pur-
chasers of the work issued in the present convenient
form will then be in possession of all that has yet been
published. We do not know what are Mr. Murray's in-
tentions with respect to the issue of the second volume,
but looking upon the present Dictionary as being almost
indispensable to every clergyman and student in divinity,
we trust he will be induced to go on at once with tbe
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We make this appeal oa behalf of the numerous hard-
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find several small payments more convenient than one
large one.
The Intellectual Observer. Review of Natural Hittory,
Microscopic Research, and Recreative Sciences. Parts IV.
V. VI. and VII. (Groombridge & Sons.)
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gets even better as it proceeds. It is full of variety ; and
while so arranged as to please the student who desires
information in an easy and popular form, contains matter
calculated to interest and instruct those who have made
themselves masters of the deep things of science.
The Book of Days. A Miscellany of Popular Antiq
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Biography, and History, Curiosities of Literature,
Oddities of Human Life and Character. Parts V., VI
and VII. (W. & R. Chambers.)
If we must still give a preference to Hone's Ev
Book for the beauty of its woodcut illustrations, and
comparison between them and those in the work
us is greatly to the disadvantage of The Book of .
the latter compilation has an increased claim to publ
favour in the large measure of novelty introduced
it, in the shape of Anecdotical Biography, Curiosities <
Literature, and Oddities of Human Life "and Chara
With a range of subjects of such popular interest, an
such %ng experience as they have had in catering
the public taste, it would be strange indeed if Me
Chambers failed in producing a work well calculated
amuse as well as instruct a very large class of readers.
Routledge's Illustrated Natural History. By the
J. G. Wood, M.A., F.L.S. Parts XXXIX., XL.,
XLI. (Routledge.)
In the Parts before us, which are as fully and strikir
illustrated as their predecessors, Mr. Wood concludes
account of Fishes, and proceeds to give us the Nato
History of the Invertebrate Animals ; and many a young
conchologist and every admirer of beautiful shells will
be pleased with Mr. Wood's account of those marvellous
structures and the wonderful organisms by which they
are formed and inhabited.
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R. I. The Rev. Thomas Wilson is not the author of an// dramatic
compositions, although he introduced theatrical representation* into t/ie
Clitheroe grammar school. - Men and Women of France, 3 vols. 8vo,
18M, if tran*latr<l, with atlditions and omissions, Jrom the Galerie de
Portraits ofArft-ne Houssaye -- We hare not been able to trace The
Oxford Miscellany. STO, 1795. The masque called " The Triumph of
Friendship," it not in The Student, Svo, 1793-4, 1 vols.
H. W. C. The last edition of the Works of Jonathan Richardton,
painter and art critic, wot printed at Strawberry Hill in 1 792, 4 to.
W. will fin>i the origin of the word Puritan in If ares'* Glossary, antl in
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" Plympton."
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Now ready, the 36th Thousand, post 8vo, price 7s. 6d.
COYER'S MODERN HOUSEWIFE. Comprising
V!v?e?? lpts fo1 V16 Economic and Judicious Preparation of every Meal
SOVF «ayw-Vj fTV, the Nllrserv a"d Rick Koom. By the late ALEXIS
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n." (?ould bc.,in the hands of eTerv keeper of a kitchen and larder in
the kingdom." Lancet.
Also, by the same Author,
SOYER'S GASTRONOMIC REGENERATOR;
Ix>ndon: SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, & CO., Stationers' Hall Court.
3RD S. No. 34.]
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pHRONICLES OF THE ANCIENT BRITISH
\J CHURCH, previous to the Arrival of St. Augustine, A. D. 896.
Second Edition. PostSvo. Price 5*. cloth.
"The study of our early ecclesiastical history has by some been con-
sidered one of great labour ; but a little work, entitled ' Chronicles of
the Ancient British Church,' has so collected the material from the
many and various sources, and has so judiciously classified and con-
densed the records, that there is no longer this plea. We recommend
the work not only to every student, but to every churchman who feel»
an interest in the early history of his church." — Literary Churchman,
June 16, 1855.
" An excellent manual, containing a large amount of information
on a subject little known, aud still less understood. We recommend
the volume to those who wish to know what were the religious insti-
tutions and advantages of our remote ancestors." — ClericalJournal,
August 22, 1855.
London « WERTHEIM & MACINTOSH. 24, Paternoster Row, E.G.
and of all Booksellers.
TWICKENHAM HOUSE. — DR. DIAMOND
J. (for nine years Superintendent to the Female Department of the
Surrey County Asylum) has arranged the above commodious residence,
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*** Trains constantly pass to and from London, the residence being
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NOTES AND QUERIES.
S. IL AUG. 23, '62.
NOW READY, PRICE SIX SHILLINGS.
SERMONS
PEEACHED IN WESTMINSTER:
»T THE
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CONTENTS :
I. The Way to be happy.
II. The Woman taken in
Adultery.
HI. The Two Beeordi of Crea-
tion.
IV. The Fall and the Repent-
ance of Peter.
V. The Good Daughter.
VI. The Convenient Sea»on.
VII. The Death of the Martyri.
VIII. God ia Love.
IX. St. Paul's Thorn in the
Hesh.
X. Evil Thought*.
XT. Sinn of the Tongue.
XII. Youth and Age.
XIII. Chri-t our Rest.
XIV. The Slavery of Sin.
XV. The Sleep of Death.
XVI. David's Sin our Warning-
XVII. The Story of St. John.
XVIII. The Worship of the Sera-
phim.
XIX. Joseph an Example to the
Youne.
XX. Home Religion.
XXI. The Latin Service of the
Romish Church.
" Mr. Secretan ii a pains-takine wrltw of practical theolnjry. Called
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with many London preachers.— and at the same time to rise above the
strictly plain sermon required by an unlettered flock in the country.
He has hit the mean with complete success, and produced a volume
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family readine. Out of twenty-one discourse* it it almost impossible
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perfectly free from a controversial spirit, and treats the subject with
great fairness and ability."— Literary Churchman.
" They are earnest, thoughtful, and practical — of moderate length
and well adapted for families."— English Chunliman.
" This volume bean evidence of no small ability to recommend it to
our readers. It is characterised by a liberality and breadth of thought
which might be copied with advantage by many of the author's bre-
thren, while the language is nervous, racy Saxon. In Mr. PccretarTs
sermons thrre are genuine touches of feeling and pathos wliich are im-
pressive and affectinc; _ notably in those on 'the Woman taken in
Adultery.' and on ' Vouth and Age.' On the whob. in the light cf a
contribution to sterling English literature, Mr. Secretan's sermons are
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"Practical subjects, treated in an earnest and sensible manner, give
Mr. C. F. Secretan's Sermons preached in Westminster a higher value
than such volumes in general possess. It deserves success."— Guardian.
" Mr. Secretan is no undistinguished man : he attained a considerable
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while there runs through them a poetical spirit and many touches of
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Mail.
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NOTES AND QUERIES
of $nfrr-<£0mmnnir.ttion
LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUAR
GENEALOGISTS, ETC.
Price, 4d. unstamped ; or 5d. stamped.
CONTENTS OF No. 33. — AUGUST 16TH.
NOTES : — Whittington and his Cat — Accession of He .
VI. — William, Viscount Fitzwilliam of Merrion — Anato-
lian Folk Lore.
MIITOB NOTES:— Francis Bacon, Baron Verulam — The
Bonaparte Family Register — A Book Inscription — Post-
age Stamps.
QUERIES: — Armagh Cathedral — Death by the Sword
in England — The Earth a living Creature — Farrant —
Goodhind Family — The Graceless Florin and the Potato
Disease — Bishop Kurd's Letters — King and Queen of
Kingue-faire: Mac-Mahon — Who was Duke of Orleans ia
the Reign of Louis XII. P — Professor Mansel's Allusion —
Rood Lofts — Monument in Westminster Abbey — Pho-
tography— Quotation — St. Thomas's Hospital — School
Discipline — " Surun," Battle-cry of the Moguls— Wright's
" Louthiana."
QUERIES \\TTH ANSWERS: — Sir Robert Mackreth — 'Da-
sher's "Body of Divinity " — Council of Forty — " Cock and
Bell " — Nef — Bishop Edmund Gheast.
REPLIES: —News of Najwleon's Escape from Elba —
Dean Swift and Dr. Wagstaffe — The Halseys — Astro-
logy Exploded — Ancient Ships — Old Pictures and Allu-
sions — De Costa the Waterloo Guide — A Romance of
Real Life — English Kings entombed in Prance — Chess
Legend — Popes Ode — The Digby Epitaph — Unlucky
Days — Blue and Buff — Pomfret, Pountfreyt, or Pqns-
fractus — Tetbury, alias Tedbury — Medal of Admiral
Vernon — Picture of the Reformers — Archiepiscopal
Mitres — The Potato — Quotation — Bishops in Waiting
— Precedence of Deans, &c. — South-Sea Stock — Great
Scientific Teacher — The Marrow Controversy — Alan do
Galloway — The " Name of Jesus " — " Ignorance is the
Mother of Devotion " — Soul-food : Pot-baws — Marauder
— Catamaran — Literature of Lunatics.
In 8vo, cloth, with Engravings, price Five Shillings,
THE
MODEL MERCHANT OF
AGES,
AS EXEMPLIFIED IN THE HISTOBY OF
"WHITTINGTON AND HIS CAT;"
Being an attempt to rescue that interesting story from the region of
Fable, and to place it in its proper position in the legitimate
history of this country.
By the REV. SAMUEL LYSONS, M.A., F.S.A., &c. &c.
Rector of Rodmaston, Gloucestershire,
Author of " The Homans in Gloucestershire,"
" Claudia and Pudens," a Tale of the First Century, &c. kc.
" Antiquaries are often accused of taking delight in rudely dissipating
our most favourite illusions. Here is a work of quite another sort, aud
that which many generations have been content to enjoy as fable U
set before us as very probable history." — Literary Examiner.
" At a time when historic doubts are fashionable, and almost
early records are treated as mythical, it is a comfort to find the proc
occasionally reversed, and a well-known myth proved to be an historical
truth. This is what has been done with much zeal and ability in the
case of the nursery legend of ' Whittinaton and hi» Cat,' by the Rev.
Samuel Lysons."— Saturday Review, Feb. 23, 1861.
" We feared that all the recollections connected with the pleasant
reading of our childhood were about to be destroyed, and all our trea-
sured memories to be sacrificed to some new form of the withering in-
fluence of modern historical scepticism. The Cat, we supposed, would
be the first victim. Nothing of the kind. The great incident of the
Cat is made so probable by Mr. Lysons's investigations, that it can no
longer be reasonably doubted."— Colbtcrn's lfev> Monthly Ma
London : HAMILTON, ADAMS, & CO., W, Paternoster Bow.
3"> S. II. AUG. 23, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
141
LONDON, SATURDAY, AUGUST 23, 1862.
CONTENTS.— NO. 34.'
NOTES — Richard Baxter, 141 — Lowndes's Bibliogra-
pher's Manual : Notes on the New Edition, No. III., 142—
Age of Macklin the Comedian, 143 — The Marquis of Wor-
cester, 141.
MINOB NOTES: — Kentish Proverb — The Last Charge at
Waterloo — Manning's " Surrey " — Legal Blunders — Her-
borisation in the Environs of London — "The Septuage-
narian," 144.
dressed to George III. — J. B. Greuze — Poem upon Lady
Jane Grey — Heraldic — Bishop Juxon — " Life of Robert ,
Earl of Leicester " — The Mayor of Galway — Henry Mud-
dinian, the Newswriter — National Anthems — Dr. Parr's
Vernacular Sermon — " Quare," &c. — Schiller — Tailors —
" A Tour through Ireland," 1748 — " The Trimmer " — The
Turnspit Dog, 146.
QUKEIES WITH ANSWEBS :— Thomas Potter — Parson
Whalley's Walk to Jerusalem — " The Trimmer " — Cache-
cache, Anglicb Hide-and-seek — Cluverius, Printed by El-
zevir — Ugo Foscolo — Jacob Zevecotius — Dramatic, 149.
REPLIES : — Statue of George I. in Leicester Square, 150 —
Customs in the County of Wexford, 152— Execution of the
Marquis of Argyle, Ib. — Naval Uniform, 154 — The " Name
of Jesus," Ib. — The Duke of Wellington and Lady Hol-
land — " The Fanne of the Faithful " — Napoleon's Escape
from Elba — Joan of Arc — Bara — Premature Inter-
ments — John de Costa, the Waterloo Guide — Modern
Astrology — " And in Berghem's pool reflected " — Hinch-
luj Family — Board of Trade — Sir Thomas Sewell — Pota-
toes, Introduction of— British-born Emperor— Dr. Johnson
at Oxford — Milton — Poisoning by Diamond Dust — A
Wrestler — English Refugees in Holland, 155.
RICHARD [BAXTER.
Recently, at Kidderminster, I have been making
researches into the connection of Richard Baxter
with that town; and I shall be glad of further
information on one or two points. The portrait
of Baxter, preserved in Dr. Williams's library,
and recently exhibited at the Archaeological Meet-
ing at Worcester, is that which is mentioned in
Nash's Worcestershire, as being in the possession of
"Mr. Benjamin Fawcet," who was an Independent
minister of Kidderminster. It then became the
property of his son, the Rev. Samuel Fawcet, also
an Independent minister. After this I lose trace
of it, unless it immediately passed into the posses-
sion of Dr. Williams. Perhaps Mr. Albert Way
could enlighten me on this point ? An etching of
the portrait is given in Nash, and it was well en-
graved in mezzotint by J. Spilsbury, August 1,
1763. It has also been engraved in The Evan-
gelical Magazine for the present month (August);
but, in the letter-press, the Rev. George Dance,
the vicar of Kidderminster in Baxter's time, is
wrongly called " one Drance."
Nash mentions a second original portrait of
Baxter as having been " in the possession of the
late Rev. Thomas Doolittel, M.A., till the year
1707, and from that time in the hands of his
grandson, Samuel Sheafe of London, 1763." What
has become of this portrait ? I have not (as yet)
been able to identify it with either of the portraits
of Baxter preserved at Kidderminster" in the
vestry of the parish church, and in the vestry of the
Independent chapel. (In the latter place, Bax-
ter's communion-table is also preserved ; in the
former, Baxter's chair, once in the possession of
the said Rev. T. Doolittel, who was a Kiddermin-
ster man.) These two portraits are bearded.
That in the parish church vestry bears the in-
scription, " Richardus Baxter, S.T.P., setatis- suae
75, anno 1690." The engraved portrait of Bax-
ter by " R. White, delin. et sculp.," bears date
" An. 1677, aetatis suae 62." It has no beard, but
merely a moustache and tip, as in the Fawcet
picture. The inference, therefore, appears to be
that Baxter did not wear his beard until the
latest period of his life. May we be warranted in
concluding that the Fawcet picture represents
Baxter as he appeared when in his prime at Kid-
derminster ?
From Baxter's own pen, we learn that his house
looked upon the market-place of Kidderminster ;
and this we know to have been the High Street,
in which, up to a recent period, the market was
held, and where indeed it is still partially held.
This, however, only decides the street in which
the house was located. Whereabouts in this
street was the house ? From my boyhood I was
always told that the second house above the Town
Hall, in High Street, was Baxter's house. There
is abundant traditionary evidence to this effect,
and the house is annually visited by hundreds of
inquiring strangers. I wish to know if there is
any documentary evidence to show that Richard
Baxter lived in this house, or must we search for
another house in the High Street? I have traced
the changes in the proprietorship of "Baxter's
house," from the present time up to 1769, when
it was purchased by a Mr. Powell from Nicholas
Harbeck and Mary his wife. Its prior history I
am unable to discover. The house is of consider-
able antiquity, but was so shamefully modernised
in 1848-9, that, save in the uppermost story, and
in the dimensions of the rooms on the second
floor, little remains to show us what the house was
like in Baxter's day. Fortunately, I have pre-
served a sketch of its exterior prior to its destruc-
tive alteration in 1849. Is any other similar
sketch (published or otherwise) known to be in
existence ? I cannot hear of one.
About the year 1730, a John Baxter, then
about sixty years of age, was land-steward to the
Foleys. Was this John Baxter of kin to Richard?
Was he a younger brother of, or related to, Bax-
ter's nephew, William Baxter, Master of the Mer-
cers' School, London, who was " a man of distin-
guished parts ? " It seems not improbable that
the Foley of that day, as Baron of Kidderminster,
142
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. Auo. 23, '62.
would feel an interest in the connection with the
town of the great Puritan divine, and, out of
respect to him, may have employed one of his con-
nections as land-steward to the Foley estates.
At p. 18 of vol. vi. of the l§t S. of" N. & Q.,M
your correspondent, ME. BEALBY, gives the title
of a theological work by B. Baxter, minister of the
gospel at Upton-on-Severn, in the county of Wor-
cester, " but now removed, with a Preface by
Richard Baxter, 1666." Were these Baxters re-
lated to each other and to John Baxter ? But
the name was not uncommon ; for, in his Life and
Times, Baxter mentions a namesake of his own,
who " was sent to gaol for refusing the oath of
allegiance, and it went for current that it was I."
(" N. & Q.," 1 S. ii. 206.)
CCTHBEET BEDE.
LOWNDES'S BIBLIOGRAPHER'S MANUAL.
NOTES ON THE NEW EDITION.
{Continued from 3rd S. ii. p. 103.)
No. III.
Bellendenus (G.), De Statu Prisci Orbis. Paris,
1615. 4°.
This edit, is omitted. Some copies, I believe, bear the
date of 1616. Bindley had editions, at any rate, of both
dates.
Bellot (James), The French Grammar. Lond.
1578. 4°.
Omitted. A copy is in the Bodleian.
Belou (Peter), The Mock Duellist, or the French
Vallet ; a Comedy. Lond. 1675. 4°.
Omitted. A copy is in the Bodleian.
Benlowes (E.), Theophila. Lond. 1651. Folio.
This article is merely introduced to notice the circum-
stance that Nassau's copy was the same as Bindley's,
but with additional plates.
Threno-Thriambeuticon. Lond. 1660.
4°. Two sheets.
Omitted. Dr. Bandinel had a copy printed on silk.
Bevis of Hampton.
There was an edit by W. de \Vorde, and another in
1662. Neither is noticed here. A fragment of the for-
mer, and a copy of the latter, are in the Bodleian.
Bisse (James, M.A.) Two Sermons preached, the
one at Paule's Crosse, the 8 of Januarie, 1580,
the other at Christe's Church in London, the
same day in the after-noone. Lond. 1585.
16°. Again n. d. 16°. Herbert possessed
both editions, but observes that Mr. Ames's
copy had a prayer at the end by Nich. Hem-
ming, which was wanting in both of his.
Omitted.
Boccaccio (Gio.), The Falls of Princes, Lond. by
John Waylande, n. d. Folio.
The circumstance that there were two ediliont from
Wayland's press without date, with entirely different
title-pages, seems to have been entirely overlooked. I
have seen both.
Bodenham (John), England's Helicon. Lond.
1600. 4°.
Of this volume, a copy is in the Malone Collection
Oxford ; a second was sold at Sothebys in 1856, and
third is in my possession. A fourth is not at pr
known. The Oxford copy contains 150 poems, wh
mine and the one sold in 1856 have only 148; but, aa t
one sold in 1856 came out of a very old library, and h
been purchased perhaps at the time of publication, it n
almost a question whether the extra page in the Oxford
copy was not cancelled, or added for some reason after a
portion of the impression had been worked off. This
view is strengthened by the fact that, although catch-
words occur throughout the volume, there is none at the
end of the last poem in my copy, which appears complete
as published. This point seems deserving of consideration,
as it is, I believe, a new one, and as the book is so intrin-
sically and so bibliographically valuable.
Book, The Book of Secrets ; how to make Colour?,
&c. Plates. Lond. 1596. 4°.
Omitted.
The Book of Oaths, Antient and Modern.
Lond. 1649. 12°.
Omitted. Nassau, No. 284, 8*.
A New Book of Merry Riddles in Picture.
Lond. n. d. 12°.
Omitted. Nassau, No. 286, 19*.
Borde (Andrew.)
Davies in his Athena Britannicce, i. 69, says that
Thomas Newton of Chester had a copy of the Pleatant
and Merry Hystory of Hie RHUer of Abington, Lond. n. d.
4°, on the title-page of which he indicated Borde us the
author. Such is very likely to have been the fact ; but
the tract is not mentioned" among Borde's books, nor is
the circumstance honoured with the slightest notice.
Regimente, or Dietary of Helthe.
As the original edition of this, really the most valuable
of Borde's works, is of the greatest rarity, and as a copy is
now before me, 1 may as well mention that the Preface
is dated the 5th May, 1542, and the volume, a small
8°, extends to sign. D in, without pagination. The colo-
phon on the last leaf on a large woodcut is ; " I m pry n ted
by me, Robert Wyer, dwellynge in Seynt Martyns
parysshe besyde Charynge Crosse, at the aygne of seynt
John Evangelyste. For John Gowghe — Cum Privilegio
Regali, Ad Imprimendum Solum."
Merry Tales of the Mad men of Gotham.
An edit. 1613, 12°, was in the Harleian Library.
Boulogne, A Letter of a Baker of Boulogne sent
to the Pope. Translated into English. Lond.
1607. 4°.
Omitted. A copy is in the Bodleian.
Bradstreet (Ann), The Tenth Muse lately sprung
up in America. Third Edition, enlarged.
Lond. 1758. 8°.
Omitted. Nassau, No. 303, 4*.
Brandon, H. and C., Dukes of Suffolk. Vita et
Obitus. Lond. 1551 (not 1552). 4°.
Of this volume eight or nine copies are known
.
3'dS. II. AUG. 23, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
143
these there are two in the British Museum ; a third is in
the Bodleian ; a fourtli is at St. John's, Cambridge ; a
fifth is at Althorpe, and a sixth is, or was, at Lincoln
Cathedral. One of the Museum copies has the date
(1551) printed at the foot of the title-page.
Breton (Nicholas), The Will of Wit and other
poems. Lond. 1597. 4°.
This book was licensed and probably printed, in 1580.
Another edition, 1599, 4°. Jolley, 1843, 101. 10s. A
copy, I think the same, is in the Museum. Of course
" The Miseries of Mavilia " form part of the Will of Wit;
and the " Praise of Virtuous Ladies," 1696, which Lowndes
converts into a separate book, is also included in this col-
lection, of which there was an edition in that year.
- Wit's Trenchmone. Lond. 1597. 4°.
Trenchmour, not Trenchmone.
— " Auspicante Jehova, 3 Marces Exercise.
Lond. 1597. 12°.
Marces ought to be Marie's.
— Pasquil's Mistress, or the worthy and un-
worthy woman. Lond. T. Fisher, 1600. 4°.
Omitted under this head, but inserted under Pasquil,
though not as by Breton. Caldecott, 1833, 4/. 8s.
- Wit's Private Wealth.
There were editions in 1613, 1615, and 1629, all over-
looked.
The Passionate Shepherd. Lond. 1604.
4°.
Omitted.
Divine Considerations on the Soule. Lond.
1608. 16°.
Omitted. A copy is in the Museum.
1 pray you not be angry, &c. Lond.
1605. 4°.
Farmer, 1798, 11s. An edition, not noticed here, but
published in 1624, is in the Bodleian.
— Sir Philip Sidney's Ourania. Lond. 1606.
4°. Again, Lond. 1655. 4°.
Both editions are dedicated to Lady Pembroke ; but the
book is certainly not by Breton, as an inspection of the
dedication will convince any one.
— AMurmurer. Lond. 1607. 8°.
Not unique. A copy is at Bridgewater House. Heber,
m 1834, 4s. Again, Jolly, 1843, 71. This copy is now in
the Museum.
- The Crossing of Proverbs, 2 parts. 1616.
^he title of the first part is: Crossing of Proverbs,
Cross- Answers, and Cross-Humours. Lond. 1616, 8°.
But no perfect copy seems to be known.
— A Solemn Passion of the Soule's Love.
1623.
This is merely a comparatively late impression of a
tract originally printed in 1595, and reprinted in 1598.
Breton (N.), see Manual under " Ramsey (Lady
M.)," and Roxburghe Ballads (Brit. Mus.),
i. 188. The Pain of Pleasure, 1580, has been
ascribed to Munday.
W. CAKEW HAZUTT.
AGE OF MACKLIN THE COMEDIAN.
In the work by Leigh Hunt, first published
as a supplement to the London Journal, and sub-
sequently published in a separate form — The
Town — mention is made of Macklin, and some
account given of his old age and of his haunts.
His age is given, 107. In Gorton's Biographical
Dictionary, the account of this actor, taken from
the Biographia Dramatica, states that he was
born May 11, 1690, and "died July 11, 1797, at
the great age of 107." I have never heard: this
statement of his age doubted, but lately a fact
came to my knowledge which I think, deserves
mention.
Macklin was interred in the parish church of
St. Paul's, Covent Garden. Somej three years
ago the vestry of that parish came to a resolution,
consequent upon the closing of the grave-yard,
to cover up the coffins laid in the vaults. They
packed them as closely as possible, and filled up
the interstices between with sifted earth, putting
a layer of two feet of powdered charcoal as a
covering to the whole. In moving the coffins, the
churchwardens were interested in looking over
the coffin-plates of the celebrities interred there,
and came upon those of Macklin and of his wife.
The age is there stated to be 97 years. I ob-
tained a copy from the beadle of the parish, the
correctness of which is attested by the three
churchwardens who superintended the removing
and replacing the coffins. I append a copy of the
coffin-plate of Charles Macklin, and that of his
widow. The tombstone in the graveyard gives
the age as it is recorded in the biographies, 107.
Is it likely that the date of his birth has been
incorrectly stated ? His name was M'Laughlin,
but he changed it to Macklin on his arrival in
London. It is to be presumed that those who
directed his interment, being doubtless his widow
and some intimate friends, would be little likely
to err on a point like this, while it might be that
his tombstone would be placed by some of his
admirers who might follow a traditional account
of his age. Up to 1741 little is known of his
pursuits, but in that year he established his repu-
tation in the character of Shylcck, the only cha-
racter in which he ever excelled. I am inclined
to think that the age of 97 is more likely to be
correct than that of 107, for the reasons stated.
A reference to the registry of his birth would of
course settle it. This might be difficult to ob-
tain, as he was born in the county of Westmeath,
Ireland, but in what part I do not find stated in
any notice of the man.
The following are verbatim copies of the coffin
plates : —
" Mr. Charles Macklin,
Comedian,
Died llth July,
1797,
Aged 97 years."
144
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. AUG. 23, '62.
" M« Elizh Macklin,
Widow of Mr Charles Macklin,
Comedian,
Died 21st November,
1807,
Aged 74 years."
T. B.
[Some conjectures relative to the period of Macklin's
birth will be found in The European Magazine, xxxvi.
298; and in vol. xxxii. p. 317 of the same work, it is
stated, that "his death happened on the llth July, 1797,
at the great age, it is supposed, of ninety-six years."
In the Memoirs of Charles Macklin [by Wm. Cooke],
p. 843, it is stated that Macklin, " by his own computa-
tion, died at the age of ninety-eight, but on very strong
and probable circumstances (related in the early part of
these Memoirs), at the very advanced age of 108." —
ED.}
THE MARQUIS OF WORCESTER.
Catalogued among the Harleian Collections, in
the British Museum, is an oblong MS. professing
to be a copy of the Marquis of Worcester's Cen-
tury of Inventions. The first portion of this
MS. contains another Treatise (upon Short-hand)
written in the same autograph, which is headed
thus : —
" An explanation of the most exact and most com-
pendious way of short writing, and an example given by
way of questions and resolves upon each significant point,
proving how and why it stands for such and such a let-
ter in order alphabetically placed in every page."
Query ^ Has this treatise ever appeared in print,
and is it in the autograph of the Marquis ?
The Century of Inventions was published in
1663; and a reprint in 1813. A copy is also to
be found in the Harleian Miscellany. But this
MS. has some slight variations from the published
copy. And from its bearing a later date, viz.
1659 instead of 1655, I am induced to think that
it ^might have been intended for an amended
edition, and is therefore worth a note.
The first of these variations appears at the
commencement, the words italicised being addi-
tions to the printed text : —
" From Augt y« 29«i to Sept ye 21»«, 1659.
" A Centurie of
The names and scantlings of such inventions as att
present I can call to mynde to have tryed and perfected ;
(my former notes being lost) I have endeavoured to
sett these downe in such a way as may sufficiently in-
struct me to putt any of them in practice, having wher-
unth to doe it."
Another variation that occurs, is at No. 88 ;
where, instead of " How to make a brazen head,"
&c., the entry runs thus : —
" 88. An engin without y« least noyce, knock, or use
of fyre, to coyne and stamp 100U in an hour by one
man."
Also at the end, after the words " Ad majorem
Dei gloriam," we have this addendum : —
" Besydes many omitted, and some of 3 sorts willingly
not sett downc, as not fitt to bee devulged, least ill use
may bee made therof, butt to shew that such things
also within my knowledge, I will here in my owne
cypher sett downe at least one of each, not to bee con-
cealed where duty and affection obligeth me."
I would further inquire how it happens, that in
notices of this savant, he is not unfrequently de-
signated as Henry instead of Edward, Marquis of
Worcester [vide Watt, Bibliotheca'] ? And touch-
ing one of his inventions, he states that it is his
intention to have buried with him the model.
Was this purpose ever performed ? ITHUBIEL.
jHtrurr flattt.
KENTISH PBOVERB. — Fuller, in his Worthies of
England, 1662, (" Kent," p. 62), gives the fol-
lowing version of a well-known proverb : —
" A Knight of Gales, and a Gentleman of Wales,
And a Laird of the North-Countree ;
A Yeoman of Kent, with his yearly rent,
Will buy them out all three."
In a copy of Weever's Funerall Monuments,
1631, which I have recently purchased, the same
proverb, but with a variation, is written in a con-
temporary hand on the margin at the bottom of
p. 347 : —
" A Knight of Cales, a Gentleman of Wales,
A Lorde of ye north -countrey;
A Yeoman of Kent, sitting on apeny rent,
Is able to buy all three."
As this is probably the earliest form of the
proverb, it may be worth preserving in the pages
of " N. & Q." EDWARD F. RIMBATJLT.
THE LAST CHARGE AT WATERLOO.— The fol-
lowing letter was printed in the Scotsman of
Aug. 11, and was transferred thence to The
Times. As an historical waif of some interest, it
may be thought worthy of a corner in " N. & Q.,"
where it will be readily accessible for future re-
ference : —
" Cromarty, Aug. 8. Sir, — I have recently observed
a paragraph in the public journals about ' The Last
Charge at Waterloo.' There is a great mistake in it, as
it was my brother-in-law, Sir Hugh Halkett, brother of
Sir Colin, who took Colonel Carabronne prisoner. I saw
him lately in Hanover, where he commands that army,
and this affair was much discussed of late. The par-
ticulars are thus : Sir Hugh galloped up to Cambronne,
who was commanding his regiment, and pointing a pistol
at him, asked him to surrender. He did BO. When Sir
Hugh's horse was shot under him, Colonel Cambronne
took advantage of this and ran off, but Sir Hugh fol-
lowed him, took him by the collar, and brought him
prisoner in view of his own regiment. — I am, &c. ALKX.
S. GRAHAM."
W. CAREW HAZLITT.
MANNING'S SURREY. — We are indebted to the
Rev. Owen Manning for one of our nio.-t valuable
county histories ; nor is the meed of praise less
due to his able continuator William Bray ; but
3'i S. II. AUG. 23, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
145
here and there little lapses from misinformation
must be expected. In vol. i. 43, Charles Bowles,
Esq., of East Sheen, Printsetter, is designated as
Sheriff of that county for 1794. The fact is,
Mr. Bowles, who had bought a considerable pro-
perty in the parish of Mortlake and erected an
elegant mansion thereon a few years previous to
the period indicated, has been confounded with a
Carrington Bowles who was a vender of second-
rate engravings at 69, St. Paul's Churchyard, the
corner of Paul's Alley, a well-known shop at the
beginning of this century. Mr. Charles Bowles
and his family for several generations had been
the most distinguished manufacturers of crown
glass in this country, and I believe were the first
to introduce here plate or fine mirror glass, but
perhaps some reader of your publication will in-
form us how far the Messrs. Bowles have con-
tributed to the improvement of the manufacture
of glass. I have heard, but know not how cor-
rectly, that Mr. Bowles above-mentioned, married
a Miss Galliard (or Gaillard) who had for her
dower the manor of Enn'eld, which Mr. Bowles
afterwards sold. 2. 5.
LEGAL BLUNDERS. — Another may be added to
those in The Book Hunter. A gentleman high
in the old Exchequer Bill Loan Office told me
that when the Bill was in Parliament for building
the famous bridge at Gloucester, there was a
clause enacting that the Commissioners should
meet on the first Monday in every month, " ex-
cept the same should fall on Christmas Day,
Ash Wednesday, or Good Friday." The blunder
as to the two last is palpable, and a moment's
reflection would show that Christmas Day can
never fallen the first Monday of the month. My
informant added he had been told that the mis-
take actually passed unobserved, and now stands
in the Act. Can this be so ? A. A.
Poets' Corner.
HEBBOEISATION IN THE ENVIRONS OF LONDON.
Allow me to premise my subject with two or
three extracts : —
" On Tuesday, Aug. 18, 1772, the Company of Apothe-
caries took their route in search of Botanical curiosities,
through Battersea, Wandsworth, Putney, Chiswick, &c.,
after which they dined at the ' King of Bohemia's Head '*
at Turnham Green."
The Gentleman's Magazine for 1789, lix. 200,
has also an account of the excursions of the Apothe-
caries' Company in search of wild plants in the
neighbourhood of the Metropolis. To these I
may add that there is in Lysons's Environs, iv. 283,
some interesting biographical notices of Richard
VV arner, Esq., of 'Woodlbrd, in which it is stated
that the herborisations of the apothecaries were
* The " King of Bohemia's Head," a tavern of the
bettermost sort, now the private residence of Dr. F. G.
Collier.
made once a year in that neighbourhood, and the
Company dined together, after their morning's
walk, at the house of Mr. Richard Warner, who
published the result of their annual researches
under the title of Planta Woodfordienses, 12mo,
1771.
I would ask if the Apothecaries' Company con-
tinue their exploratory summer tours, and if they
give to the world their consequent discoveries ?
I may remark, such has been the increase of
buildings in the vicinity of London, and such the
desire to bring under productive cultivation every
particle of waste, that it is now an almost un-
profitable task to start in search of indigenous
plants, and it is rarely the amateur botanist can
collect specimens to fill his tin case for examina-
tion, when he returns home. The New Park at
Richmond has been an enclosure for more than
200 hundred years, and adjoining is Ham Com-
mon, which may afford such plants as may be
expected in similar localities. Though not par-
ticularly rare, there are to be met with in places
the Anemone nemorosa, the Geranium pratense,
and on the Middlesex side, I have, by the banks
of the Grand Junction Canal, found the elegant
Butomus umbellalus, the beautiful appearance of
which has alleviated the fatigues of a long day's
ramble. AMBULATOR.
"THE SEPTUAGENARIAN." — The following an-
nouncement, which we have received from a highly
respected venerable correspondent, speaks for
itself: —
" PROPOSED NEW CLUB,
THE SEPTUAGENARIAN:
To consist of Three Orders.
1. From seventy to eighty, Members.
2. Above eighty, Downy Doctors.
3. From sixty-five to seventy, Cadets"
VETCS.
EDWARD LAYFIELD, D.D., 1636—1680.
Can any of your readers furnish me with par-
ticulars respecting this unfortunate divine, Vicar
of Allhallows, Barking, and deprived under Crom-
well for his loyalty ? I am aware of the account
in Walker's Sufferings of the Clergy, but require
further particulars. When deprived of his pre-
ferments in 1644, he suffered the most barbarous
treatment, and was one of those clergymen who
were confined on board ship. In his case there
does not seem to have been the least pretence of
unfitness for the sacred office, since his removal
was opposed by the parishioners. In the church-
warden's book there is an interesting proof of this
in the shape of a petition to Parliament, drawn up
by the inhabitants in the vestry assembled. The
146
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'i S. IL AUG. 23, 'C2.
usurping vicar, with characteristic Puritan honesty,
tore out of the book this testimony to his prede-
cessor's worth ; but a copy of it was recovered,
and properly inserted in its place after the Re-
storation. May I suggest, that clergymen should
examine their parish vestry books for the seven-
teenth century. The books were kept either by
the wardens, or by an elected registrar ; and are,
therefore, impartial records. I am convinced,
from what I know of these documents, that a
judicious selection of entries copied from them,
would disprove many of the incorrect statements
now being made by those who are celebrating
" the Bartholomew Martyrs of 1662." They would
materially tend to prove that the rule of the
Presbyterian clergy, who usurped the Church's
benefices under the Cromwell regime, was by no
means acceptable to the people ; they would go
far to show that the low state of religion, the
grievous neglect of the poor, and the disturbed
condition of the parochial economy, were quite of
a character to justify the rejoicings amid which the
ancient discipline in Church and State was restored.
In asking you to be the medium of this sugges-
tion, I trust I am not committing you to a par-
ticipation in what is now called "The Bicentenarian
Controversy :" since I am simply suggesting a
course that may throw light upon the real his-
tory— the social history — of the disturbed seven-
teenth century. This history is so clouded and
obscured by the dust that party spirit has raised,
that it is next to impossible to get at the truth by
ordinary means. JCXTA TUBBIM.
ARMAGH PUBLIC LIBBABT. — Is there any
printed catalogue of the large and valuable col-
lection of books in the Armagh Public Library,
which, having been founded in the last century
by Primate Robinson, Lord Rokeby, owes so
much to the munificence) of the late Primate
Beresford ? If not, it is, I think, a desideratum.
ABHBA.
" EPHEMEBIDES REBUM NATUBALICM." — The
late Alexander von Humboldt, writing on Aero-
lites (Cosmos, Ottes Trans., vol. i. p. Ill,) has
the following note : —
" Dr. Thomas Foreter (The Pocket Encyclopedia of Na-
tural Phenomena, 1827, p. 17*,) states that a manuscript is
preserved in the library of Christ's College, Cambridge,
written in the tenth century by a monk, and entitled
Ephemerides Rerum Naturalium, in which the natural
phenomena of each day of the year are inscribed ; as, for
instance, the first flowering of plants, the arrival of
birds, &c. The 10th of August is distinguished by the
word « meteorodes.' It was this indication, and the tra-
dition of the fiery tears of St. Lawrence, that chiefly in-
duced Dr. Forater to undertake his extremely zealous
investigation of the August phenomena." — Quetelet, Cor-
retpond. Mathbn., SeVie HI. t. i., 1837, p. 43:1.
[* Here is clearly some error, either in the paginal
figure or title of the work.— ED.]
To this note the translator attaches the follow-
ing remark : • —
" No such manuscript is at present known to exist in
the library of that College. For this information I am
indebted to the inquiries of Mr. Cory of Pembroke Col-
lege, the learned editor of Hieroglyphics of Horupollo
Nilous, Greek and English, 1840."
Can any reader of " N. & Q." explain this ? Is
it probable that Dr. Forster has made an error in
the name of the College, or are we to suppose the
MS. has been lost since he examined it ? An
Ephemerides Rerum Naluralium of the tenth cen-
tury would be a document of considerable value
to scientific persons. It is not impossible that a
notice in these pages may lend to its re-discovery.
GRIME.
HENRY FIELDING : SIB HENBT GOULD. — Henry
Fielding was born in 1707. His mother was the
daughter of the first Sir Henry Gould, of Sharp-
ham Park, in Somersetshire, a judge of the King's
Bench in the reigns of William III. and Queen
Anne. Thus much is certain; but the question
is, was the lady the sister or the aunt of the second
Sir Henry Gould, a judge of the Common Pleas
in the reign of George III. ? The carelessness of
genealogists has left this doubtful.
In 1856 I took the liberty of suggesting that in
your answer to one of your correspondents you
had confounded the two Sir Henry Goulds. You
acknowledged the error, but in your reply you
committed one, if not two, more blunders; first,
by calling them both " Chief Justices ; " and,
secondly, I suspect, by saying that the second Sir
Henry was the son of the first Sir Henry, and con-
sequently the uncle of Henry Fielding (" N. &
Q.," 2nd S. i. 295, 362). In this you were not to
blame, for such is the account in the pedigree in
vol. i. p. 564, of Phelps's Somersetshire. Yet this
author, in a previous page (p. 561), contradicts
the pedigree, by stating that the mother of Henry
Fielding was the " daughter of the first Judge
Gould, and aunt to Sir Henry Gould, Judge of the
Common Pleas ; " a statement which we also find
in Collinson's Somersetshire, vol. ii. p. 268. But
no writer mentions who was the second Sir Henry's
father, if the first. Sir Henry was not.
That he could not have been the son of the first
Sir Henry is apparent from the dates given. The
first Sir Henry died in March 1710; and his
daughter was old enough in 1707 to be the mother
of Henry Fielding. The second Sir Henry died
in March 1794, at the age of 84 ; so that he must
have been born in 1710, the year of the first Sir
Henry's death, if not in 1711 ; which would make
him twenty years at least younger than his sup-
posed sister, the mother of Henry Fielding.
Who then was the second Sir Henry's father ?
He had a brother, the Rev. William Gould, D.D.,
rector of Stapleford Abbotts, in Essex, who died
in March, 1799, aged above 80 (Gent. Mag. Ixix.
3'd S. II. AUG. 23, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
147
262, 345) ; so that he must have been considerably
younger than the judge. This Dr. William Gould
is stated in the pedigree to be the eldest son of
Davidge Gould the eldest son of the first Sir
Henry; an evident mistake, if the second Sir
Henry was older than the Rev. Doctor. The re-
sult, however, seems to be, that the second Sir
Henry was the son of Davidge Gould (who was
himself a barrister), and consequently the grand-
son, and not the son, of the elder judge.
As I am now writing the lives of these two
judges, I shall be much obliged if any of your cor-
respondents will confirm or disprove my sugges-
tion. EDWARD Foss.
LINES ADDRESSED TO GEORGE III. — Who was
the author of the following beautiful epigram,
addressed to George III. on his restoration to
health by a visit to VVeymouth ? —
" 0 sovereign of an isle renowned for undisputed sway,
Where'er o'er yonder gulf profound her navies wing
their way :
On juster claims she builds at length her empire of the
sea;
And rightly deems those waves her strength, which
strength restored to thee."
I have heard it attributed to Cowper, but in
some editions of his Works it is not found.
OXONIENSIS.
J. B. GREUZE. — Can any one kindly tell me
whether any correct list exists in any published
work of the pictures painted wholly or prin-
cipally by J. B. Greuze ? H. W. C.
POEM UPON LADY JANE GREY. — Who wrote
a fine though irregular poem on this subject, com-
mencing —
" The crown ! the crown ! it sparkles on thy brow " ?
Wanted, also, the author of the following
verse —
" This -was thy home, then, gentle Jane !
This thy green solitude — and here,
Thine eye oft watched the dappled deer,
When the soft sun was in the wane,
Browsing beside the brooklet clear :
The brook runs still, the sun sets now,
The deer yet browseth ; where art thou ? "
HERMENTHUDE.
HERALDIC. — Can I be informed, through
" N. & Q.," to whom the armour in a gold signet
ring, ploughed up in Surrey, belonged ? viz. 1st
and 4th paly of six per fess ; 2nd, on a fess be-
tween six martlets, two of the same ; and 3rd,
on a cross, couped, five pierced mullets. The 1st
and 4th quarterings were worn by Sir Richard
Gurney alias Gurnard, the Lord Mayor of Lon-
don in 1642. D. D. H.
BISHOP JUXON. — Of what family was the well-
known Bishop ? His father, Richard Juxon, was
probably a person in humble life. He appears to
have had two sons, both of whose lines (male and
female) are now extinct.
Bishop Juxon was born at Albourne, Sussex,
about 1582 ; and died in 1663, leaving his nephew,
created Sir William Juxon, Bart., his heir. Al-
though it has been said that the Bishop had a
daughter, it does not appear what became of her,
and it is almost certain that she predeceased
(issueless) her father. The issue of Sir William
Juxon (the only representative of Richard, his
grandfather,) became extinct ; and the baronetcy
expired on the demise of Sir Wm. Juxon, the
2nd baronet, in 1740. So far the proofs of the
extinction of this family are clear enough, but
concerning its origin there are some difficulties.
M. S. S.
" LIFE OP ROBERT, EARL OF LEICESTER." — Who
is the author of the crown 8vo volume so entitled,
and which was published in 1727 ? Watt says
" Jebb." Lowndes (new edition) says : " This is
generally attributed to the Rev. Samuel Jebb. It
is not, however, in the list of the works of that
learned author which Nichols has published in his
Literary Anecdotes, vol. i. pp. 160-1. L. R.
THE MAYOR OF GALWAY. — Can any of your
readers inform me where an authentic account of
the particulars which gave celebrity to this name
may be found ? The popular histories seem to
comprise much of the romantic. As an example
of this I may mention the account given in
Burke's Anecdotes of the Aristocracy. The Coun-
cil Books of Galway contain the following no-
tice : —
" James Lynch, mayor of Galway in 1491, built the
choir of St. Nicholas Church, and hanged his own son out
of his window for killing and defrauding strangers, with-
out martial or common law, to show a good example to
posterity."
There can be no doubt as to the historical fact
of his having condemned his son. Whether he
executed him admits of question. It is pro-
bable he was present to see it enforced. He is
at this time spoken of at Galway as the Galway
Brutus, and the window where the execution took
place is still shown ; but the histories I obtained
in Ireland were somewhat contradictory ; and
even the traditional history, as given by ^ the citi-
zens, is at variance with the recorded history in
the Guide Books and other published histories.
T.B.
HENRY MUDDIMAN, THE NEWSWRITER. — Samuel
Pepys has the following passage in his Diary,
under date of Jan. 9, 1659-60 : —
"I met with W. Simons, Muddiman, and Jack Price,
and went with them to Harpers, and staid till two of the
clock in the afternoon. I found Muddiman a good scholar,
an arch rogue; and owns that, though he writes new
books for the Parliament, yet he did declare that he did
148
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3* S. IL AUG. 23, '62.
it only to get money ; and did talk very basely of many
of them."
The noble editor of Pepys has not supplied any
note with respect to Muddiman, who is no doubt
identical with Henry Muddiman, son of Edward
"sutoris vestiarii," of the Strand, in the suburbs
of London ; who, after being educated in the
school attached to the church of 6t. Clement
Danes, was admitted a pensioner of St. John's
College, Cambridge, Sept. 24, 1647, at eighteen.
In or about April, 1660, he was authorised by
the Council of State to set out a newspaper every
Thursday, under the title of Mercurius Publicus.
Many articles of news sent to him are specified
in Mrs. Green's Cat. Dom. State Papers, chap. ii.
vols. ii. and iii.
He was the writer of the Oxford Gazette, com-
menced Nov. 7, 1665; and which became the
London Gazette, Feb. 5, 1665-6. Soon after this
period, we are told that Sir Joseph Williamson,
then Under-Secretary of State, procured the writ-
ing of the Gazette for himself; and that, from that
period till about 1671, he employed Charles Per-
rot, M.A., and Fellow of Oriel College, Oxford,
to do that office.
We have been unable to find any mention of
Muddiman subsequently to 1665. We hope that
some of your correspondents may be able to throw
additional light on the history of this early
journalist. C. H. & THOMPSON COOPER.
Cambridge.
NATIONAL ANTHEMS. — -Is there any work pub-
lished on M National Anthems," or " National
Music ? " I should be glad of references on the
subject, where I could obtain information regard-
ing the authorship, &c., of any of the national
hymns, as " Partant pour la Syrie," or "God
save the Queen." W. H. TILLETT.
DB. PARR'S VERNACULAR SERVO?,-. — When
Hurd was asked his opinion of Parr's Sermon on
Education, he is said to have replied that he did
not much like Dr. Parr's vernacular sermon. It
is said also, that some one repeated the remark to
Dr. Parr, and that this was one of the causes of
Parr's dislike to Hurd. If the story is true, Hurd
had doubtless some reason for using the word
" vernacular." Can any courteous reader inform
me what it was, or is supposed to have been ?
QUJBSITOB.
"QUAKE, ETC." — The article in "N. & Q."
(3rd S. ii. 113), on the meaning and applicability
of the usual conclusion of petitions to Parlia-
ment— "And your petitioner shall ever pray" —
has induced me to inquire if any one can supply
the whole sentence, of which only " Quare, etc."
appears at the end of all petitions to his Holiness
the Pope, and the officials of the Roman Court.
F. C. H.
SCHILLER. — Can any of your readers inform
me who are the authors of the following English.
translations from Schiller : — 1. Piccolomini, 1806,
Anon. 2. A translation of The Robbers (having
the signature "Seleniakos"?), in the King1* Col-
lege, or London University Mag., about 1841 or
1842. 3. Fiesco, 1843, Edinburgh? K.J.
TAILORS. — Can any of your contributors relax
from their more rocondite labours, and solve a
riddle which has long puzzled me, and seems as
inexplicable as the ejaculation of the inhabitants of
Tickhill recorded in your earlier numbers. Whj
is a tailor never a tailor pur et simple, but always
a tailor " by trade"? If any one doubts this, let
him ask the first score of artisans he meets with
what are their occupations. The carpenter or
mason will reply simply, "I am a carpenter" or
" mason," as the case may be. The tailor will
say, " I am a tailor by trade." I have had fre-
quent occasion to make this inquiry professionally,
and almost invariably with this result. The ex-
pression is not new, for though, having lost some
notes I had made on the subject, I cannot now
give you exact references, I can remember to
have read in Jacke of Dover that one of the cha-
racters introduces himself with " And, save you,
Sir, I am by occupation a tailor." It is to be
found in Taylor the Water Poet, and is still
common in print, as any one may satisfy himself
by glancing at the Police Reports of the day,
where he will generally find some "Patrick
Murphy, a tailor by trade," brought up to suffer
the penalties of a too ardent worship of Bacchus.
Neither is it confined to England. I have met
with it in French books, ranging in date from
Le Moyen de Parvenir to L Almanack Comique
of the present day ; and it is the seeing Stowe
the Antiquary described by a modern author
as " 1'excellent Stowe tailleur de son metier,"
that has impelled me into print The only ex-
planation that my much belaboured brain sug-
gests, and I offer it in all humility is, that the
prejudices of mankind having allotted to the
knight of the shears only a portion of humanity,
he has been driven to a continual protest against
this injustice, and an assertion of his right in
spite of the ignoble occupation to which fate has
bound him to be considered " a man for a*
that." A. F. B.
"A TODR THROUGH IRELAND," 1748. — I have
a copy of an 8vo volume, published in Dublin in
the year 1748, and entitled, A Tour through
Ireland, in several entertaining Letters. By Two
English Gentlemen (pp. 246). The editor, whose
initials are " W. R. C.," says —
"The only obligation I am laid under by the authors of
this work is, to conceal their names, which I shall re-
ligiously observe."
Is there any means now-a-days, notwithstanding
3'd S. II. AUG. 23, '62.]
NOTES AND QUEKIES.
149
the editor's silence, of ascertaining who these
" two English gentlemen " were ? And can you
inform me whether any more than "the First
Part " appeared in print ? In pp. 239, 240, there
are some curious particulars of the mansion and
demesne of Chetwood Eustace, Esq., whose name
has occurred in " N. & Q." 3rd S. i. 378.
ABHBA.
" THE TRIMMER." — Who is the author of a
tract, entitled The Trimmer, Cautions respecting
the Union, printed at Edinburgh in 1706 ?
A SUBSCRIBER.
THE TDRNSPIT DOG. — In Chambers's Book of
Days, p. 490, there is an interesting article on
Turnspits, with an illustrative engraving. The
writer of the paper mentions having a few months
ago, seen at an auction a box and wheel, of
which no one could tell the use, till an old black-
smith solved the puzzle by stating that it was
the wheel which used to be trodden by a turnspit
dog. He adds, that besides the blacksmith, he
has met with only one other person who can
remember seeing a turnspit-dog on his wheel.
If I had come in his way, I could have given
additional evidence. I well remember seeing a
turnspit at work at the " Sugar-loaf inn " at
Bristol, at the beginning of the present century.
The house was near the market, was well fre-
quented, and had a large kitchen, where huge
joints of beef were to be seen roasting every day.
1 remember seeing the poor turnspit in a box high
up on the right-hand side of the wide fire-place,
and watching the rapidity of his motion on the
dreary tread-wheel, to which for hours he was
doomed every day to confinement and hard labour.
F. C. H.
THOMAS POTTER. — Malone, speaking of Bishop
Warburton's son, his only child by Ralph Allen's
niece, says : " Many supposed him to be Mr. Pot-
ter's son " (Prior's Life of Malone, p. 445). Can
any one tell me what Mr. Potter is meant, or
what foundation there was for this supposition ?
[This was Thomas Potter, second son of John, Arch-
bishop of Canterbury, who gave such promise of political
distinction that Walpole, writing to Horace Mann, said
of him : " The world is already matching him against
Mr. Pitt." A very curious biographical notice of him
will be found at p. 42 of the 5th volume of our Second
Series. In the 4tli volume of the same Series is a vin-
dication of VVilkes from the authorship of the infamous
Essay on Woman ; which is, with good show of reason,
attributed by the very able writer of the article in ques-
tion to Thomas Potter. A passage from Horace Wal-
pole — describing Warburton's conduct in the House of
Lords when that indecent publication was brought under
the notice of the House, which contains an allusion to
the scandal referred to by Malone— forms the subject of
a Query at p. 74, vol. iv. Second Series, but did not elicit
any reply. Walpole's words as there quoted are, " War-
burton's part was only ridiculous, and was heightened by
its being known that Potter, his wife's gallant, had had
the chief hand in the composition of the verses."")
PARSON WHALLEY'S WALK TO JERUSALEM (3rd
S. i. 452.)— Should not this be Buck Whaley ? It
is stated that one of the conditions of his tratop to
Jerusalem was to play ball against the walls of
that city. I believe he was the founder of the
Hell-fire Club. Having a taste for the fine arts,
and means to gratify it, he accumulated a large
number of valuable paintings in his mansion at
Stephen's Green, Dublin. What_became of them?
GEORGE LLOYD.
[The paintings of this eccentric Buck were no doubt
dispersed, if we may credit the following account of him
printed in The Dublin University Magazine, Iviii. 722 :
" In the centre of the southern side of Stephen's Green
stands a noble building, with a large stone lion reposing
over the entrance, and finding his legs and tail encroached
on by grass and weeds. Its fine halls and spacious apart-
ments are now occupied by the students and professors of
the building known as the Catholic University; but
while we were ruled by the Duke of Buckingham, and
were so anxious that Prince George should enjoy an un-
fettered regency during the mental malady of his father,
that mansion belonged to the great Buck Whalley, and
witnessed many a noble feast and mad carouse. At last,
when all the pleasures that could be procured on Irish
land were tried, and found to result in satiety and dis-
gust, and his tailor and wine-merchant began to disturb
him, he resolved to seek new scenes of excitement, and
made a wager that he would have a game of ball against
the walls of Jerusalem. A bard who contributed to a
collection of political squibs, entitled ' Both Sides of the
Gutter,' (1790, or thereabouts) sung the going forth of
the expedition.' This ballad is entitled " Whalley's
Embarkation," to the tune " Rutland Gigg," and is re-
produced in the Dublin University Magazine, supra,"]
" THE TRIMMER."— I have a MS. of 92 closely
written pages, small 4to, with the above title. It
is dated at the conclusion " 1688." It commences
thus : " It must be more than an ordinary provo-
cation that can tempt a man to write in an age
overrun with scribblers, as Egypt was with fleas
and locusts." The last words are " prudence,
humanity, and common sense." Has this ever been
printed ? On a blank leaf are written the words
" Lord Shaftesbury." A SUBSCRIBER.
[This work was published in 1688, entitled The CJut-
racter of a Trimmer: his Opinion of 1. The Laws and
Government. 2. Protestant Religion. 3. The Papists.
4. Foreign Affairs. By the Hon. Sir W. C. 4to. The
third edition, 12mo, 1697, was issued with the name of
Sir William Coventry on the title-page. Lord Macaulay
(Hift. of England, i. 244, ed. 1856), has the following
note on this work : " It will be seen that I believe Hali-
fax to have been the author, or at least one of the authors,
of The Character of a Trimmer, which, for a time, went
under the name of his kinsman, Sir William Coventry."
Vide « N. & Q." 2"<i S. iv. 474.]
CACHE-CACHE, Anglice HIDE-AND-SEEK. — This
as a play has sometimes been pursued with tragic
150
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'<« S. II. AUG. 21
results. In the Register of Burials of the parish
of Deptford is this entry : —
'• William Showers and John Finicho, two children,
•which, playing together, shut themselves into a hutch
(or chest), and were smothered, buried Aug. 26, 1631."
I think I have heard of a similar catastrophe
which happened to a young lady in the family of a
knight near Banbury, but who was afterwards
created a baronet of Hampshire by James I. Can
any reader of " N. & Q." state particulars of this
last disaster ? A. C.
[Oar correspondent is thinking probably of the drama-
tic story of " Ginevra " narrated by Mr. Rogers in his
beautiful poem of Italy, the scene of which he lays at Mo-
dena. But there are likewise two mansions in Hampshire
connected by tradition with the story of Ginevra, namely,
Bramshall, of which there are some views in Nash's
Mansions, and Marwell Old Hall, situated between Win-
chester and Bishops Waltham. Vide « N. & Q." !•« S.
v. 129, 209, 333.]
CLUVEBIUS, PRINTED BY ELZEVIR. — I have a
folio copy of the Germania Antigua of Philip,
Cluverius, printed by Lud. Elzevir, Lugdunum
Bat. 1616, containing many spirited copper- plates
of the habits and customs of the people.
When did Cluverius live, and is his Germania
based upon the work of Tacitus, the text of which,
from two editions, is printed in the book.
Is it usual to find large copper-plates in the
works issuing from the Elzevir press ? The books
I possess of that printer's type are generally of
12iuo size, with no other plate than an engraved
title-page ; and is this particular folio edition of
Cluverius with the plates common in our public
libraries ? THOMAS E. WINNINQTON.
[ Philip Cluverius is stated by Zedler to have died at
Leyden, of consumption, in 1623, aged 43. How far he
was indebted to the Germania of Tacitus may be seen
from his own statement, that his work was, in the main,
a sort of running commentary on that of the Roman his-
torian (" plurima ex parte quasi commetarius est per-
petuus ad ejus librum.") Lectori auctor, introducing the
two editions of Tacitus. The folio edition of Germania is
in the Bodleian and British Museum.]
Uoo FOSCOLO. — Are there any memoirs exist-
ing of this writer? Is it true that Orsini ex-
pressed a wish that after his death his body might
be laid at rest beside that of Ugo Foscolo at Chis-
wick ? SEPTIMUS PIESSE.
[The life of Ugo Foscolo has been written by two of
his countrymen. Vita di Ugo Foscolo, scritta da "Giuseppe
Pecchio, 8vo. Lugano, 1830. Also by Carlo Gemelli,
Delia Vita e dtlle Opera di Ugo Foscolo ; libri tre. Con
un Appendice contenente trentatre Lettere di U. Foscolo,
e un Frammento della Storia di Napoli. Firenze, 12mo,
1849. Consult also the articles on Foscolo in the Foreign
Quarterly Review, ix. 312-344, May, 1832; The Athe-
n<cum, Dec. 14, 1850 ; and' Gent. Mag. Dec. 1827, p. 566.
In the former periodical it is stated, that " the remains of
Foscolo were buried decently, but without ostentation, in
Chiswick churchyard, attended by five friends, English,
Italian, and Spanish. Mr. Hudson Gurney, of Norwich,
had a plain marble slab placed over his grave, with the
simple inscription of his name, age, and day of his death.
Strange to say, the last two are both erroneous, the first
being stated as iifty-two, while at most he was but fifty ;
and the latter being given as the 14th of September, in-
stead of the 10th of October." We have never heard of
the wish attributed to Orsini.]
JACOB ZEVECOTIUS — Can you give me any
biographical particulars relating to Zevecotius,
author of a Latin drama on the subject of Roso-
rnond ? See " N. & Q." 2nd S. xii. 195. 11. I.
[Jacob Zevecotius, a jurist and a distinguished poet,
was born at Ghent of noble parents. In the first instance
he became a monk, in which character he visited Rome.
But on his return, in consequence of some disgust con-
nected with his journey, he joined the Reformers. II-
resided for some time at Leyden, where he wrote much of
his poetry. Subsequently, says Zedler, he became a
professor at Hardewyck (probably Harderwick on the
Zuyder-Zee, where there was a celebrated university.)
He died on the 17th March, 1642, aged forty-six. For a
list of his separate works see Zedler's Universal Lexicon.
A collected edition of his Poem*, edited by P. Blommaert,
was published at Ghent in 1840, 8vo.]
DRAMATIC. —
"Masque, called the Institution of the Garter; or,
Arthur's Round Table Restored," 8vo. Becket.
"Institution of the Garter: a Poem," by Gilbert West.
Can any of the readers of" N. & Q." say when
the above-named publications appeared ? Who
was Gilbert West, and when did he die ? From
his Poem it has been said the Masque was in
great part borrowed. J. R.
[The first piece appeared in Nov. 1771, and is entitled,
The Songs, Chorusses, and serious Dialogue of the Masque,
called the Institution of the Garter; or, Arthur's Round
Table Restored, 8vo. The second appeared in Feb. 1742 ;
The Institution of the Order of the Garter ; a Dramatick
Poem (Anonymous.) Dodsley, 4to. Most biographical
dictionaries contain a notice of Gilbert West, ob. 1756.
Seo also Cunningham's edition of Johnson's Lives of the
Poets, iii. 273.]
ftffttf*.
STATUE OF GEORGE I. IN LEICESTER
SQUARE.
(3rd S. i. 227.)
In some MS. remarks on London localities, in
the handwriting of Horace Walpole, it is said : —
" The equestrian statue of George I., one of the numer-
ous sculptures that adorned the grounds of Canons, is
now the ornament of Leicester Square. It was purchased
by William Hallett, Esq., then a cabinet-maker in Long
Acre, who also purchased the estate at Canons, and
erected on the spot the present villa."
Unfortunately we are not told who caused it to
be erected in the square, or whether it was by
gift or purchase.
J. T. Smith, in his amusing Ramble in the Streets
of London, (i. 72,) says : —
" The equestrian statue of George I., which now stands
in the middle of the [Leicester] Square, was put up
shortly before the year 1812. It originally stood at Canons,
3'a S. II. AUG. 23, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
151
near Edgeware, and was the property of James Bn'dges,
Duke of Chandos, whose property, after his death, was
sold by auction in 1744. Who was the possessor of it
between that time and the date of its erection in the
square, we have not been able to ascertain."
It is impossible to account for this statement,
as its author was intimately acquainted with Lon-
don localities, and must have known Leicester
Square, and its associations, almost from infancy.
I suspect some bungling on the part of the editor
of Smith's work, the publication of which, it must
be remembered, was posthumous.
Peter Cunningham, in his Hand-Book of Lon-
don, a work I always quote with pleasure, says : —
" I have a proof of the view of Leicester Square, in the
1754 ed. of Stow, without the statue in the centre. The
print in the book contains the statue ; it was therefore in
all likelihood erected about the year 1754."
I do not think the fact of the proof not having
the statue proves anything, because many of Sut-
ton Nichols's plates (including that of Leicester
Square) were published long before (some twenty
years' perhaps) the 1754 edition of Stow appeared.
But if your correspondent is correct in saying, the
statue was " first uncovered " on the birthday of
the Princess of Wales, 19th November, 1748, and
I see no reason to doubt it, although he does not
give his authority, the date of the setting up of
the statue in the square is settled beyond dispute.
Mr. Cunningham calls it " the equestrian statue
of George II." (?) He is not alone ia this asser-
tion, as I find the following passage in A Tour
through the whole Island of Great Britain, 5th ed.
1753, ii. 130: —
" In Leicester Square is a statue of his present, and in
Grosvenor Square another of his late Majesty ; the latter
of which, formerly gilt, is now painted white.".
Your OLD CORRESPONDENT says : —
" The statue of George I. was modelled by C. Buchan
for the Duke of Chandos."
But this is contrary to the received opinion.
Dallaway in his edition of Walpole's Anecdotes of
Painting, ed. Wornum, ii. 697, has the following
note upon a statuary named Van Ost or Nost : —
" The equestrian statue of George I. was cast in mixed
metal, and afterwards gilt by him and his scholar Char-
pentier for the Duke of Chandos at Canons. The horse
was exactly modelled from that by Le Soeur at Charing
Cross, and the man is much better. When Canons was
taken down, and its sumptuous ornaments dispersed, this
statue was brought to its present station in Leicester
Square. A few years since it was regilt. Indeed our
bronze statues in squares appear, at the further extremity
of the avenues, to be so grim with smoke and dirt, as to
present a shapeless lump."
Van Nost, a native of Mechlin, came to England
in the early part of the reign of George I., and
was much employed. One of his patrons was
the magnificent Duke of Chandos, for whom he
did all the statuary and carved work at Canons,
besides being partially employed in the other
l"rge edifices of that time. He was encouraged
to visit Ireland, where he met with much patron-
age. The celebrated equestrian statue of King
William III. in College Green, Dublin, is by his
hand.
Mr. Sarsfield Taylor, in his Origin, Progress,
and Present Condition of the Fine Arts in Great
Britain and Ireland, ii. 64, says, speaking of this
statue : —
"The king is attired in the garb of a Roman general,
without a helmet, but having his brow adorned with the
laurel wreath, emblematic of his triumph over James II.
The horse is Avell designed, more in the style of RafFael
or Julio Romano than those in the Athenian frieze.
There is an air of command in the monarch, and solemn
dignity about the whole, which is rather superior to that
in the statue of Charles I. at Charing Cross."
The same writer, after noticing that Van Nost
cast and gilt the equestrian statue of George I. in
Leicester Square, adds : —
"When that expensive pile of masonry [Canons] was
taken down, and its removable decorations dispersed, this
Statue was bought for a. small sum, and fixed in its present
situation. It has since been regilt. A repetition of that
process now [1841] would do it no harm."
I must now quote a curious passage from an
article on Leicester Square, by that clever " ready
writer " Mr. G. A. Sala : —
" From 1671 to the middle of the eighteenth century,
Leicester Fields were Leicester Fields. Then the royal
German gentleman, second of his name, endowed the enclo-
sure in the centre with an equestrian statue of his gracious
self (brought from Canons, the seat of the Duke of Chan-
dos), and the fields became thenceforward a square and
fashionable." ( Gaslight and Daylight, p. 175.)
Query, is not the passage in italics a stretch of
the imagination ? I do not think Mr. Sala can give
any authority for his statement that the statue
was placed in the square by George II.
As regards the enclosure of the square, it was
probably early in the eighteenth century. John
Macky, in his Journey through England, 4th
edition, 1724, i. 178, speaking of the square,
The middle is planted with trees, and railed round,
which gives an agreeable aspect to the houses. This was
till within these fourteen years always called Leicester
Fields, but now Leicester Square."
The first edition of Macky's book was printed
anonymously in 1714; but whether the above
passage is contained in it I am not aware.
In a newspaper called the Country Journal, or
Craftsman, dated the 16th April, 1737, we read :—
" Leicester Fields is going to be fitted up in'a very ele-
gant manner ; a new wnll and rails to be erected all round,
and a basin in the middle, after the manner of Lincoln's
Inn Fields, and to be done by a voluntary subscription of
the inhabitants."
Whether this improvement was carried into
effect I have not ascertained. If so, the basin
must have been done away with upon the erection
of the statue.
As regards the present position of the statue,
152
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» 8. IL AUG. 23, '62.
I shall quote a passage from Willis's Current
Notes for 1857, p. 56, which, from my knowledge
of the writer, I think may be depended upon : —
" It was understood that in the permission granted for
raising the structure for the Great Globe, the statue was
in no way to be interfered with, that a spiral staircase
was to surround it, as it stood, and the figure to remain
in its position, when the Great Globe itself should leave
not a rack behind. That stipulation appears to have been
wholly set at naught : the statue was displaced, and some
Irish labourers, who believed the figure to be of lead,
backed off one of the legs, but were unable to master its
possession from the iron skeleton or frame-work within
it It it now hidden in the earth, within the railing, oppo-
site to the late Panopticon, from where, if nothing is said
respecting it, or a claim mado on the part of the public,
it may find its way, one morning early, to some Jew
metal-dealer."
It is quite time the inhabitants of the locality
bestirred themselves in this matter, not only to
fet the statue replaced (which, from the passages
have quoted, is surely an important historic
monument), but also to endeavour to remove that
ugly nuisance which " blocks out the fresh air,"
and occupies the open space intended for the
benefit of our fellow-creatures.
EDWABD F. RIMBAULT.
CUSTOMS IN THE COUNTY OF WEXFORD.
(3rd S. ii. 76.)
As I am entirely ignorant of Irish, I cannot
pretend to say whether Ullcduah has any connec-
tion with the Heb. fl» 177H HaUelu-yali, but if it
has, then our hollobaloo (Halliw.), or hullabaloo, may
also, I think, fairly lay claim to the same Semitic
origin ! At any rate, R. J. M. is grievously mis-
taken when he asserts that the well-known Persian
(or rather Arabic) cry, «jjj\ ^\ £\ ^ td Huh ilia
(a)llah, lit. not god but God, i. e., there is no god
but God, is merely a corruption of the Heb.
i"l* 177H hallelu-yah, praise ye Jehovah. There is
not the slightest resemblance between them ex-
cepting some little in sound, which, as usual, has
here shown itself a bad guide to the etymologist.
Every one of the Arabic words has a correspond-
ing and very similar word in Hebrew and Chaldee
with the same meaning, so that I am justified in
expressing myself positively. Thus the Arab.
3 Id = the Heb. K? (the same letters, but pron. to
or lou), and the Chald. vh l&, and all three mean
not; A\ iluk, and <dj\ * allah, both correspond to
the Heb. ai?» Eloha and the Chald. Pl^K (with
* It is well known that $\ Allah, is nothing more than
A\ Huh, god, with the def. art. J^ al, the, so that allah
means the god, i. &, GOD par excellence.
precisely the same letters as the first Arab, word)
Elfih, and they all mean God. Lastly, the Arab.
*$\ ilia, — the Chald. Kv>X ella (comp. Gr. ixxi),
and both mean but.
It is very probable notwithstanding that -the
Arabic exclamation has been borrowed from the
Hebrew, for the Heb. njn; ng^ao 7K »» (2 Sam.
xxii. 32.) Who [is] God save Jehovah f is, it
is hard to say why, translated in the Targum
« «ta Nr6x* 0^ [there'] is not a god but Jehovah,
and in the Arab. vers. t^j\\ ,+c. si\ , u*J leis
ildh gheir arralb, [ There] is not a god excepting the
Lord. Here indeed three of the Arabic words
will be seen to be different from those given above,
although the meaning is almost precisely the same,
but in the corresponding passage in Ps. xviii. 32
(where the Heb.f and Chald. remain the same),
the Arab. vers. has t-jJ^ !ft 4)\ ¥ &> Huh illd
(a)rrabb, [There is] not a god but the Lord, which
differs from the Arabic exclamation quoted by
R. J. M. only in the substitution of C->J! arrabb,
the Lord, for &\\\ allah, which was not, perhaps, at
the time this vers. was made, so commonly used in
Arabic as a designation for the Supreme being, as
it was at a later period.
In conclusion, I may say that in France it is
usual for any man who meets a funeral procession
to take off his hat, and remain uncovered, until it
be passed. F. CHANGE.
EXECUTION OF THE MARQUIS OF ARGYLE.
(3rd S. i. 326, 397, 457.)
The question as to the mode of the execution of
this nobleman appears to be just in as much doubt
as ever. T. in his first Note said, that " in Scot-
land as in England decapitation, not hanging, was
always the mode of putting the culprit to death "
for treason. T. now admits that I have shown
that his statement " was not sufficiently accurate
as to the English mode of punishment," and it
certainly was equally inaccurate'as to Scotland also ;
for on examining Pitcairn's Trials, to which T.
himself refers, I find that decapitation was not
by any means always the mode of putting traitors
to death in Scotland. The mode of executing
* D v is merely a contraction for JVX N? [there] is
not, = Heb. B» «7. The Arab. \ is evidently the
same word. See Golius.
f The Heb. has, however, HP
^K toO-
* (Elolw,), instead of
S. II. Aua. 23, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
153
traitors, therefore, will not solve the question in
issue as to the execution of the marquis.
T. in his last, Note says that the punishment in
treason was assimilated in Scotland to that in
England "at the Union." This is inaccurate.
The Union was effected by the 5th Anne, c. 8, and
article 18 clearly continued the law of treason in
Scotland as it existed before the Union. But
two years afterwards, the 7th Anne, c. 21 did
assimilate the law of treason in the two kingdoms
in sundry respects, and perhaps section three of
that Act may have been considered to make the
judgment in treason the same in both kingdoms ;
but I entertain very great doubt whether it did
more than make the consequences of the judg-
ment, i. e. corruption of blood, forfeiture, &c., the
same.
T. in his first Note stated that the marquis suf-
fered on a conviction for treason. In Clarendon's
Life, vol. ii. 403, it is stated that " the Marquis
of Argyle was brought to trial upon many articles
of treason and murder, wherein all his confederacies
with Cromwell were laid open, and much insisted
upon to prove his being privy to the resolution
of taking the king's life, and advising it ; and
though there was great reason to suspect it, and
most men believed it, the proofs were not clear
enough to convict him. But then the evidence
was so full and clear of so many horrid murders
committed by his order upon persons in his dis-
pleasure, and his immediate possessing himself of
their estates, and other monstrous and unheard-of
acts of oppression, that the Parliament condemned
him to be hanged on a gallows of unusual height."
Clarendon, therefore, plainly indicates that he was
acquitted of treason, and convicted of murder,
and the sentence given by him accords with that
being so. It is true that Burnet (History, vol. i.
p. 124, &c.), says that he was charged with several
treasons and many murders, and acquitted of
some of the treasons, but convicted of one, and
executed for it ; but his account is evidently in-
accurate, as he takes no notice of the result of
the charges of murder ; and, as Clarendon was a
lawyer, possibly his statement may be more likely
to be accurate. I have not the means of refer-
ing to other authors, and comparing their state-
ments.
T. is pleased to say that the fact of a traitor
after being disembowelled knocking his execu-
tioner down is utterly incredible, and would " re-
quire much better authority than that which he
(myself) gives for it. It would be fully as credible
to be told, that after the culprit was decapitated, he
threw his head in the executioner's face." I shall
leave to the better judgment of your readers
whether such language be as courteous as becomes
a writer in " N. & Q.," and apply myself to the
fact. In Walcot's case, which is reported in
2 Salkeld's R. 632, and 4 Modern R. 395, the
judgment was reversed on the ground that, after
ordering his bowels to be extracted, it omitted to
order them to be burnt " ipso vivente " or " in
conspectu ejus;" and in answer to an argument
that the omission was " with great reason, for it
is inconsistent in nature for a man to be livinw
after his entrails are taken out of bis body," the
court say, " Harrison, one of the regicides, rose
up and struck his executioner after his bowels
were cut out, which shows that the thing is not
impossible." Now no case appears to have under-
gone more consideration, and to have been more
solemnly decided than this ; and the judgment
was delivered by Lord Holt, who was called to
the bar in 1663, and was a student in 1660, when
Harrison was executed, and may perhaps have
witnessed the execution, and, at all events, would
be likely to learn the fact on undoubted autho-
rity. It is difficult, 'therefore, to conceive a
higher authority for this statement than such a
deliberate judgment ; and, as far as it goes, it en-
tirely supports my account, but it omits the effect
of the blow. This, however, is easily accounted
for : the statement was only made to show that
the culprit might be alive after his bowels had
been taken out, and his act of rising up and
striking proved that fact whatever the effect of the
blow might be. I feel sure that neither of the
Reports I have referred to was the origin of
my former statement, but that it rested on some
account of Harrison's execution which I read
elsewhere, but which, after some search, I can-
not yet find; but, possibly, now the person to
whom the statement referred is fixed, some of
your correspondents may be able to refer me to
the account, and I shall be very grateful for such
a reference.
One mourns to think that so great a judge as
Lord Holt should ever have said (4 Mod. R. 399),
that " treason should be punished not only cum ul-
timo supplicio (death), sed cum aggravatione pcena?
corporalis vel cum pcena qua nulla asperior ; " but
whilst such was the opinion of the Court, and the
sentence itself required the executioner to burn
the bowels whilst the culprit was alive, one cannot
be surprised that the executioner should endea-
vour so to extract the bowels as not to destroy life
immediately, but to prolong the " corporal suffer-
ing " of the culprit in accordance with the sen-
tence ; and an eminent medical man informs me
that he has no doubt that this might be so done,
that it is quite possible that the culprit might im-
mediately afterwards knock a man down.
As to T.'s supposition that a traitor's arms were
tied, Lord Holt's statement is an answer in the
very cases mentioned ; and from the account of
the execution of Garnett, the celebrated Jesuit,
it is plain that, even where the traitor was to be
hanged till he was dead, his arms were not tied.
Jardine's Gunpowder Plot, 263, The truth is,
154
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[8" S. II. AUG. 23,
tying the arms was a merciful proceeding, and
mercy in the execution of traitors was indeed a
rarity in those days. C. S. GREAVES.
NAVAL UNIFORM.
(3rd S. ii. 105.)
The correct tradition is as follows. Some old
admirals, at one of their Clubs, resolved that a j
uniform dress was useful and necessary for com-
missioned officers agreeably to the practice of other
nations ; and a deputation was appointed to wait
on the Duke of Bedford, then First Lord of the
Admiralty. Admiral Forbes was selected for this j
office, and was shown into a room hung round
with coats ; he chose those made of red and blue
cloth, as being our national colours. " No," re- j
plied the Duke, " the King has decided otherwise.
He saw her grace, my Duchess, riding in the park
some days since in a habit of blue, faced with
white ; and his majesty was so pleased, that he
has ordered it to be the uniform of the Royal I
Navy." And, in 1748, it was established accord- '
ingly. About the year 1837, King William IV.
changed the facings to red ; but the navy thought
them too like those of the artillery, and the old
colour white was restored. George IV. intro-
duced the gold-striped blue trousers.
The scarlet and blue of the army was not de-
finitely established until the time of Queen Anne.
In fact, a uniform became necessary only when
armour was laid aside. The scarlet and blue, being
the blason of the royal standard, was adopted for
the royal troops ; as the armorial bearings of the
feudal lord regulated the liveries of their re-
tainers. In the time of Elizabeth and James,
naval commanders wore scarlet ; while in the
reign of Henry VIII. soldiers wore white coats,
with a red cross on the breast and back.
MACKENZIE E. C. WALCOTT, M.A., F.S.A.
I think P. A. is mistaken in supposing that the
Duke of Bedford's livery was the model for the
uniform of the Royal Navy. I do not know what
the Bedford livery is, but heraldically blue and
white would not be the colours.
In Mr. Planche's History of British Costume,
p. 422, it is stated that George II. commanded
the adoption of those colours in 1748, his choice
having been occasioned by his seeing the Duchess
of Bedford in a riding habit of blue faced with
white. This regulation " appears never to have
been gazetted, nor does it exist in the records of
the Admiralty Office ; although a subsequent one,
in 1757, refers to it."
In a note on the above, Mr. Planche says : —
" This traditionary, but certainly authentic informa-
tion, was communicated by Mr. Locker, one of the Com-
missioners of Greenwich Hospital, to Sir H. Ellis; and
formed part of an interesting paper on the subject of the
Naval Uniforms read by the latter gentleman at
Society of Antiquaries, Thursday, March 18th, 1830."
At the same time was read a letter from Lord
Nelson, declaring " that he should certainly cut
the acquaintance of two officers (one of them the
late gallant Sir Alexander Ball), in consequence
of their mounting epaulettes in imitation of mili-
tary foppery."
The facings were changed to scarlet by Wil-
liam IV. The white facings were resumed in the
present reign, but have, I believe, nearly disap-
peared again ; and only remain, if I remember
rightly, in the white lapel of the jackets worn by
naval cadets and midshipmen. J. WOODWARD.
New Shoreham.
THE "NAME OF JESUS."
(3ra S. ii. 84.)
It requires no conjuror to understand the fol-
lowing explanation of this Festival, and the reason
of its present position in the Calendar. I give a
quotation from a modern work, but doubtless
there are many readers of " N. & Q." who can
supply information on the subject from more an-
cient sources. On p. 117 of the second volume of
the second edition of Claris Calendaria; or, a
Compendious Analysis of the Calendar, by John
Brady, in two volumes, London, 1813, are the
words " Name of Jesus (7th August)," followed
by a notice of the error made in some almanacs
in marking this day by the title of the " Nativity
of Jesus," and certain false conclusions that have
been drawn from the circumstance respecting the
true period of our Lord's birth. And on the next
page it is said : —
"By the English Liturgy in use before the Conquest, it
appears that the church antiently included her devotion
to the Name of JESUS in her general service on the
Feast of the Circumcision, that appellation having been
given to our LORD, as directed by the angel, when he
submitted to that rite. At subsequent periods, the second
Sunday after the Epiphany was appointed expressly for
that ceremony, with particular offices considered appro-
priate to the occasion.
" Our Reformers annulled the offices as superstitious
and unnecessary; but, out of respect to established usage,
retained the name of the Festival, which they removed
from the second Sunday in Epiphany to this day, ex-
punging for that purpose from our Calendar the anni-
versary of ST. DONATUS, which was before held on the
7th August, and which had, some time prior, been made
the substitute for the anniversary of ST. AFRA.
" The whole of the Christian churches were formerly
extremely attentive to every minute particular that ap-
pertained to the passion of our LORD: they not only
instituted the festival upon which we are now treating,
with a devout intention of animating the sensibility of
converts, but erected innumerable crosses for the like pur-
pose throughout those counties that had been enlightened
by the divine rays of our holy religion "
Then follows an account of various crosses,
ceremonies, and monograms. HBBUS FBATEB.
3rd S. II. AUG. 23, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
155
Dr. Burton in 1834 edited the three Primers
of 1535, 1539, and 1545. In the Calendars of
the first and last, the 7th of August is marked as
"The Feast of Jesus," in that of 1539 "The
Name of Jesus," and in the last, portions of Acts
iv. and Matt. i. are referred to, I suppose as form-
ing part of the offices of the day. E. V.
In the replies to this Query no mention is made
of " Justorum Semita, History of the Lesser Holi-
days of the English Kalendar" (Edinburgh: Grant,
1844), in which work, p. 329, it is implied that
that day was the anniversary of the "angel's visit to
St. Joseph, announcing the name the Divine Child
should bear." W. M. M.
THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON AND LADY HOL-
LAND (3rd S. ii. 108.) —I think F. C. H.'s infor-
mant was mistaken as to the Duke having over-
heard Lady Holland say, that the reason why
Wellington would not intercede to save Ney, as
he might have done, was because Ney had once
beaten him in battle ; for I am quite confident
that Lady Holland was never in company with the
Duke, at least after the peace in 1815, and could
not possibly have been in company with him after
Lord Holland's dispute with him, arising from his
letter about Ney's execution. Lord Holland
died in 1840, and after that Lady Holland never
went out into company. She died in 1845.
E. C. B.
"THE FANNE or THE FAITHFUL" (3rd S. ii.
102.) — MR. HAZLITT has been misled by Herbert
in giving the title of this rare volume. Herbert
prints it Fame of the Faithful, but it is described
in Dr. Maitland's Index of such English Books
printed before the Year MDC. as are now in the
Archiepiscopal Library at Lambeth, as The FANNE
of the Faithful ; and in the Preface (p. viii.) Dr.
Maitland remarks : —
" The book which stands in the Index as The FANNE
of the Faithful, printed by Thomas Marsh in 1578, is
(one can scarcely doubt) the same which is only men-
tioned cursorily in a list made, in the year 1591, of copies
which had belonged to that printed, as The FAME of the
Faithful."
L. D.
NAPOLEON'S ESCAPE FROM ELBA (3rd S. ii. 129.)
If the foreign ministers were at a Court party at
Vienna on the day on which Bonaparte's return
from Elba was first known, and the great event
was there publicly talked about, they did not ge-
nerally show the discretion which was evinced by
Prince Talleyrand. He was ill in bed, and a lady
nearly connected with him by marriage, who re-
sided in his house, was sitting by his bedside,
when a note was brought to him, which he desired
her to read. It announced the departure of
Bonaparte from Elba. Prince Talleyrand did
not say a word, but putting out one hand to hold
the lady back, he helped himself out with the
other, then strode to the door, and locked it after
him ; nor did he let her out till he found the news
was generally known. SM. DE.
JOAN OF ARC (3rd S. ii. 46.) — Although there
is no question that Jeanne d'Arc was burnt at
Rouen, on Wednesday, May 30, 1431, attempts
have been frequently made to show that she really
never was executed, but was married some years
later. A Monsieur Vignier (brother of Father
Vignier of the Oratory, who died in 1661), inserted
in the Mercure Galant of November, 1683, a
letter addressed to M. de Grammont, in which are
brought forward various proofs which had carried
conviction to the mind of P. Vignier. In 1749,
M. Polluche, a native of Orleans, renewed the
inquiry in a memoir entitled Probleme Historique
sur la Pucelle d? Orleans (24 pp. in 8vo). This
tract, which is of extreme rarity, was reprinted by
Leber (vol. xvii. p. 289) in his Collection des Meil-
leures Dissertations sur THistoire de France, 20
vols. 8vo.
In the same volume, p. 373, will be found the
letter of P. Vignier. Polluche adduces several
fresh arguments in support of Vignier's opinion.
After quoting several passages from the accounts of
the Receiver of Orleans, he adds : " De pareils te-
moignages sont bien capables de faire douter de
1'opinion qu'on a communement, que la Pucelle
est morte en 1431," and then proceeds to discuss
the objections to which his theory is open. Le Pere
Vignier and Polluche were refuted by the Abbe
Lenglet du Fresnoy in his Histoire de Jeanne
d'Arc. I have not at present access to the follow-
ing works in which the question is discussed : —
" Jeanne d'Arc a t'elle re'ellement subi 1'Arret qui la
condamna au Supplice da Feu. By M. de Lanevere,
aucien Mousquetaire." (Mercure de France de Novembre,
1764.)
" Quelques pieces curieusea sur le Mariage pretendu
de Jeanne d'Arc." (Paris: Dentu, 1830, in 8 vo.)
" Si Jeanne d'Arc a e"te brulee." (Magasin Pittoresque
de 1844.)
"Me"moire sur les fausses Jeannes d'Arc. ParVergnaud-
Romagnesi." (Orleans, 1854, in 8vo.)
But the reader who is desirous of consulting all
that has been produced on the subject of these
pretended Joans must have recourse to tome v.
pp. 321, 330, of the work of M. Quicherat, Proces
de Condemnation et de Rehabilitation de Jeanne
d'Arc (Paris: Renouard, 1841-9, 5 vols. in 8vo),
published under the auspices of La Societe de
I' Histoire de France.
G. DU FRESNE DE BEAUCOURT.
BARA (2nd S. xii. 194; 3rd S. ii. 95.)— The
statement of Dr. McCaul (Aids to Faith, p. 303),
that " though " bara " does not necessarily imply
a creation out of nothing, it does signify the Divine
156
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rt S. II. AUG.
Production of something new, of something that
did not exist before," is a contradiction in terms
as it stands, and requires the addition of the words
" in the same form to make it correct and intel-
ligible ; the chanjje (bara) being in the form of
the material. The doctor is also in error in say-
ing that bara " is never predicated of any created
being, angel, or man ; but is exclusively appro*
priated to God," for in Jos. xvii. 15, 18, it is
predicated of the children of Joseph in the sense
of cutting wood ; in 1 Sam. xvii. 8, Goliath uses
this word in the sense of choosing or fitting out an
antagonist ; also to a human being in Ez. xxi. 19
(24), in choosing or marking out a place. In Ez.
xxi. 30 (35), and Ps. cii. 18, it means birth or
producing a child. So in Chaldee and Syriac bar
means a son. In Ez. xxiii. 47, it means to cut up
with swords by the congregation. The passages
in which bara means to produce flesh, to make
fat are too numerous for quotation here. The
cognate languages confirm the above etymology.
That the words bara, yetzar, and asah are iden-
tical synonyms is apparent from Isaiah xlv. 7,
where they all occur in " I form (yetzar) the light,
and create (bara) darkness ; I make (asah) peace,
and create (bara) evil. I the Lord do (asah) all
these ; " and from Amos ir. 13, " He that formeth
(yetzar) the mountains, and createth (bara) the
wind . . . that maketh (asah) the morning dark-
ness." Bara, yetzar, and asah are also identical in
Gen. i. 21, '26, 27; ii. 4,7; v. 1; Ex. xx. 11;
Isaiah xliii. 7 ; Jer. xxxii. 17, et passim.
The notion of creating something out of nothing,
as opposed to ex nihilo nihil fit, is not likely to
have been a conception of the Jewish people in
the time of Moses or Solomon. Esse = non-esse
is as 1 = 0, a result which shows either an error
in computation, or (if correctly computed) a ma-
thematical impossibility, as the former is an impos-
sibility to human conception. Those who are
curious in the doctrine of nothing, as many are in
its opposite (antinomy) the Infinite, should study
the Parmenides of Plato, bearing in mind the
nature of the old or exhaustive method of reason-
ing which prevailed anterior to the invention of
Logic by Aristotle. T. J. BDCKTON.
Licufield.
PREMATURE INTERMENTS (3rd S. ii. 110.) — It
would be interesting to have the opinion of one
of the writers quoted by your correspondent
GRIME, viz. Boucher, Des Moyens de prevenir les
Enterrements Prematures, 1849, as a belief in
the bare possibility of living-burial has been the
cause of much misery to very many persons.
Your correspondent is mistaken in saying that the
late Mr. Douce gave similar testamentary instruc-
tions to those in the will of his friend Mr. Kerrick,
of Cambridge ; the former did not direct decapi-
tation, but that his body should be opened, and
that his heart should be removed. The custom
-
prevalent in the Middle Ages, referred to at
p. 110, may have occurred to Mr. Douce, and may
have partly induced him to give this direction.
I once conferred with a sensible medical man on
this fearful subject. He stated that the moment
of returning consciousness would be the last of
existence, as suffocation must necessarily and
speedily occur; but what a moment must that be!
Surely no one should be placed in his coffin
unless a medical man has assured himself by per-
sonal inspection, not by mere report, that life a
extinct. We are careful in satisfying ourselves
that vaccination has been performed ; why not
that reanimation is out of all question ? MD.
JOHW DE COSTA, THE WATERLOO GUIDE (3r* S.
ii. 7, 51, 108.) — The following passage from
Lockhart's Life of Sir Walter Scott, where it ap-
pears as an extract from the personal memoirs of
Major Pryse Gordon, who accompanied Sir Wal-
ter over the field of Waterloo in August, 1815, is
anything, I think, but confirmatory of the trust-
worthiness of John de Costa : —
"In our rounds we fell in with Monsieur de Costar,
with •whom he got into conversation. This man had
attracted so much notice by his pretended story of being
about the person of Napoleon, that he was of too much
importance to be passed by. I did not, indeed, know as
much of this fellow's charlatanism at that time as after-
wards, when I saw him confronted with a blacksmith of
La Belle Alliance, who had been his companion in a
hiding-place ten miles from the field during the whole
day ; a fact which he could not deny. But be had got
up a tale so plausible and so profitable, that he could
afford to bestow hush-money on the companion of his
flight, so that the imposition was bat little known ; and
strangers continued to be gulled. He had picked up a
good deal of information about the positions and details
of the battle ; and being naturally a sagacious Wallon,
and speaking French pretty fluently, he became the
favourite cicerone, and every lie he told was taken for
gospel. Year after year, until his death in 1824, he con-
tinued his popularity, and raised the price of his rounds
from a couple of francs to five ; besides as much for the
hire of a horse, his own property ; for he pretended that
the fatigue of walking so many hours was beyond his
powers. It has been said that in this way he realised
every summer a couple of hundred Napoleons."
Lockhart states that Major Pryse Gordon was
then on half-pay, and happened to be domesticated
with his family at Brussels. We may, I suppose,
conclude therefore he was a fixed resident there,
and likely to be well informed on any matter con-
nected with Waterloo.
Can the above extract be the statement to
which F. C. H. refers in his communication to
"N. &Q.,"3rdS. ii. 7? S. T. P.
Victor Hugo, in Les Miserable*, tome 3eme,
livre premier, Waterloo, mentions Napoleon's
guide repeatedly by the name of " Lacoste, paysan
hostile, effare ; " and represents him as probably
" perfide," in his reply, when the emperor ques-
tioned him previous to gmng Milhaud's Cuiras-
S. II. Ana 23, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
157
siers the order to take the plateau of Mont- Saint-
Jean. JOHN MACEAY.
Oxford.
MODERN ASTROLOGY (3rd S. i. 481 ; ii. 91, 133.)
It is a matter of no surprise to me that there
should be so many writers on Astrology, for I can
easily imagine it to be a very seductive study.
The wish to know something of the future is in-
herent in almost every human being, and when we
remember how great a part of the Holy Scriptures
consists of pure prophecy, to which we are told
" to take heed," we may almost imagine the desire
to be excusable.
I have always felt inclined to believe that the
future 'may be read by Astrology, though I have
never had the leisure to satisfy myself by taking
up the study. There are, however, two facts that
have rather puzzled me in connection with the
science, and I should be glad if your learned cor-
respondent could throw some light upon the
matter, and so at once gain me over to his side.
1. If the future of any individual can be fore-
told by the aspect of the planets at the time of
birth, it necessarily follows that every child born
at the same moment throughout the world must
have the same fortune, which I imagine is irrecon-
cileable with fact.
2. There are hundreds of persons whose time-
pieces and watches are not always accurate —
often too fast, often too slow. In this case how
could the cleverest astrologer " draw a figure,"
unless he was certain that he knew the moment of
the child's birth was astronomically correct ?
B. B.
I deprecate equally with M. any discussion in
" N. & Q." on the lawfulness of judiciary astro-
logy. In answer, however, to the query as to what
writers have exploded it, I think the following by
St. Gregory the Great, in the sixth century, may
be admitted as a very decisive explosion. Having
mentioned that the Priscillianist heretics believed
that every one was born under the laws of the
stars, that holy Father and Doctor proceeds thus :
" Neque enim propter Stellas homo, sed stellas propter
hominem factse stint : et si Stella fatum hominis dicitur,
ipsis suis tninisteriis subesse homo perhibetur. Certe cum
Jacob de utero egrediens, prioris fnatris plantam teneret
manu, prior perfecte nequequam egredi potuit, nisi subse-
quens inchoasset : et tamen cum uno tempore, eodemque
momento utrumque mater fuderit, non una utriusque vitse
qualitas fuit." — Horn. x. in Evangelia.
F. C. H.
" AND IN BERGHEM'S POOL REFLECTED " (3rd S.
ii. 67.) — The lines quoted by S. O. M. occur in a
poem "Dover to Munich," in Verses and Trans-
lations, by C. S. C. (Calverley of Christ's, Cam-
bridge), published this year. The correct reading
" And in Berghem's pools reflected
Hang the cattle's graceful shapes,
And Murillo's soft boy-faces
Laugh amid the Seville grapes."
PHILEBOK.
HINCHLIFF FAMILY (3rd S. ii. 46, 97, 119.) —
WALTER RYE writes of a Thomas Hinchliff, who
died in 1762; — H. G. of a person of the same
name who was dead, leaving an only daughter his
sole heir in 1749. H.
BOARD OF TRADE (3rd S. i. 485; ii. 16.) — In
my copy of Mr. Thomas's Notes for Materials for
the History of Public Departments, there is oppo-
site to the text extracted by Mr. Phillot the follow-
ing marginal memorandum in the author's own
writing, and signed by him : —
" I find, however, that there is in the State Paper
Office a Docket of a Commission appointing the Lord Pre-
sident of the Council, the Lord President of Walea, and
fifty-one others to inquire into the causes of the decay of
trade, and to suggest remedies, and they were from time
to time to certify the same to the King and the body of
the Privy Council. It was to be a standing commission,
and to continue untill reyoked. Dated 10 Oct. 1622."
JAMES KNOWLES.
SIR THOMAS SEWELL (lrt S. viii. 521, 621 ; ix.
86 ; 2nd S. x. 396.) — Your correspondents, in their
various communications above referred to, are
very explicit in their information as to the de-
scendants of Sir Thomas Sewell, Master of the
Rolls from 1764 to 1784; but they omit to say
anything about the root from which these branches
sprang. I look in vain in the ordinary books of
reference within my command for any account of
Sir Thomas's parentage or early life, with the ex-
ception that in the announcement of his death in
the Gentleman's Magazine, vol. liv. p. 555, it is
stated that "he was bred up under an attorney ;"
but under what circumstances, in what locality, or
who were his ancestors, paternally or maternally,
the obituary is altogether silent. Will those who
have made the former communications, or some
other of your numerous correspondents, be kind
enough to supply the deficiency.
EDWARD Foss.
POTATOES, INTRODUCTION OF (3rd S. ii. 83.) —
Dr. Campbell, in his Political Survey of Great
Britain, says that potatoes were first planted in
Ireland about 1610. I have somewhere read that
they were grown from tubers given by Sir Walter
Raleigh to the grandfather of Sir Robert South-
well. It was very shortly after this date that
they were commonly cultivated in England.
The potatoe was known in Spain early in the
sixteenth century, and was imported here as a
great dainty. Our potatoes were distinguished
from the Spanish by the name of Virginian pota-
toes — or battatas, as they Avere sometimes called.
The Virginian potatoe, however, was known in
England in 1597, for old Gerard, the herbalist,
158
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'd S. IL AUG. 23, '62.
expressly speaks of having received the root from
Virginia.
I have not the smallest doubt that when Taylor
the Water Poet wrote, the potatoes received from
Spain were considered greater dainties than those
grown here.
In an old cookery-book, The Good Huswives
Jewell, 1596, is the following receipt " to make a
tarte": —
" Take two quinces, and two or three barre rootes and
a Potaton, and pare you re Potaton and scrape your roots,
and put them into a quart of wine, and let them boyle
till they bee tender, and put in an ounce of dates, and
when they be boiled tender, drawe them through a
strainer, wine and all, and then put in the yolkes of
eight eggs, and the braynes of three or four cocke-spar-
rowes, and straine them into the other, and a little rose-
water, and seeth them all with sugar, cinnamon, and
ginger, and cloves, and mace ; and put in a little sweet
butter, and set it upon a chafing-dish of coles between
two platters, to let it boyle till it be something bigge."
From numerous passages in the Elizabethan
dramatists, it appears that the potatoe was a dainty
to be ranked with the date, the orange, and the
" plum of Genoa." EDWARD F. RIMBADLT.
We are indebted to Raleigh for the introduction
of this esculent here, who found it growing in Vir-
ginia in a cultivated state. The native soil of the
stock-plant is Chile, where, says Molina (vol. i.
p. 136), it is called maglia. According to Humboldt
(who gives an interesting historical account of the
potato in his N. Spain, book iv. chap, ix.), it was
transported thence by the Indians to Peru, Quito,
N. Granada, and the whole Cordillera, from 40° S.
to 5° N. He adds, that it was unknown in Mexico
previously to the Spanish conquest. In that case,
its presence in Virginia was a comparatively re-
cent fact at the period of Raleigh's visit there.
The same observation applies ,to Nicaragua. Mr.
Charles Darwin, in 1835, found growing among
the Chonos Islands (in lat. 45° 30') in great abund-
ance, a wild potato, which, he says, more closely
resembles the cultivated kind than the maglia, and
notwithstanding the opinions of Molina and the
great German traveller, concludes that the Chonos
Archipelago is its true birth-place. See his Jour-
nal, appended to Captains Fitzroy and King's
Surveying Voyages of H. M. SS. Adventure and
Beagle, 8vo, Lond. 1839, pp.- 347, 348. 0.
BRITISH-BORN EMPEROR (3rd S. i. 426.) — The
British-born emperor signifies Constantine, though
I believe the story of his British birth is now re-
jected. The Isaurian is Leo. The following are
probably the laws alluded to : —
" Eornm eat scientia punienda, et severissimis merito
legibus vindicanda, qui magicis artibns accincti, aut con-
tra salutem hominum moliti, aut pudicos animos ad libi-
dmem deflexisse detegentur. Nullis vero criminalibus
implicanda sunt remedia humanis qusesita corporibns, aut
in agrestis locis innocenter adhibita suffragia, ne maturis
yindemiis metuerentur imbres, aut ventis grandinisque
lapidatione quaterentur; qnibus non cujusquam salus,
aut sestimatio lacderetur, sed quorum proficerent actus ne
divina numen, et labores hominum sternerentur." — Cod.
L.ix.t.1 8,1.4.
" Ego promulgatam a veteribua legislatoribus leg
considerans, earn qute modo incantamentum malum «
rata, id punit, modo vero admittit et approbnt, quanqu
id ex intentione proposito malum non fiat, sed sua i
vitiositate, tanquam sterquilinia graveolentia scat
non tamen illos legislatores reprehendendos dixerim,
ne quis legem, quod merito fiat vituperet, earn ex legur
quasi fundo, tollendum puto. Vult autem puniri incan-
tationes eo quod modestia animi sublata stimuli*, fu-
roreque amatorio rationem ad insaniam adigant: ac
approbat rursum illas, tanquam segetes, et fructus cu-
rent, aliaque bona, ut quidem videtur, suppeditent. Atqui
ita quod tanquam insidiosum puniisset, idem rursum tan-
quam beneficium honoret. Atqui nos istiusmodi in-
cantationes perniciosas ease persuasum habemus: et ut
bonum quicquam inde manare credamus, iuduci non pos-
sumus. Ac sane etiam si boni quippiam producere illas
appareat (quomodo quidam approbanti ipsas legi videtur)
non id bonum esse, sed illecebram atque nassam, qua
illectos in malorum omnium extremum, ubi a summo
bono excidant, absorbeat, compertum habemus. Notum
enim nobis est, illas, ut qui se ipsis dedunt, pr» crea-
tore et Domino infaustis dirisque daemoniis adhsereant,
efliccre: et qui illas assectantur, hos per externarum
rerum laetam quandara speciem, vulnera in animam exci-
pere. Qnale quiddam inter pugnandum meticulosis fre-
quenter accidit ; qui dum ictus in maims excipere nolunt,
illis vel caput vel ventrem exponunt. Sane vero, si quis
aliquo modo incantamentis usus esse deprehensus fuerit,
sive id restituendce conservandseve valetudinis, sive aver-
tendffl in rebus frugiferis calamitatis causa facerit, is
apostatarum p sen am subiens, supremum supplicium sus-
tineto." — Imp. Leonii Conttit. c. Ixr.
FlTZHOPKJNS.
Garrick Club.
DR. JOHNSON AT OXFORD (3rd S. ii. 56, 109.)—
Dr. Johnson was made M.A., by diploma, Feb. 10,
1755 ; and D.C.L. of Oxford, by diploma, March
30, 1770 (Oxford Graduates, 368). I confess
that I never heard of the expression, " term-
trotter," used of any university man, nor have
any graduates with whom I have spoken. Dr.
Johnson did not " continue his desultory resi-
dence for five or six years," but for little more
than a year. He entered at Pembroke College in
1728, on Oct. 31 (Boswell, i. 57), and left College
in 1731 (ibid. i. 79). When he was entered, he
was in his nineteenth, not his fifteenth year. And
Mr. Croker observes, that there is no trace of him
at Oxford in the year 1730; during which he
j was possibly labouring under morbid melancholy,
j and absent from College. He personally left Col-
lege, Dec. 12, 1729, though his name remained on
the books till Oct. 8, 1731 (ibid. Croker's notes,
' 62, 79). His College life was remarkably happy
j by Boswell's showing. A little before Aubrey's
time, the rod was in use. Dr. Potter, of Trinity
College, flogged his pupil with his sword by his
side, then being a student of an inn of court.
Dr. Bathurst, President of that College, who died
in 1704 at the age of eighty-four, used to surprise
the undergraduates, if walking in the grove at
unseasonable times, with a whip in his hand, — an
3rd S. II. AUG. 23, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
159
instrument of academical discipline not then en-
tirely put aside ; but " not from any principle of
approving or intention of applying an illiberal
punishment." (See Oxoniana, iv. 106.)
MACKENZIE E. C. WALCOTT, M.A., F.S.A.
Whoever the author of the Memoir, alluded to
by QUEEN'S GARDENS, may be, I do not feel dis-
posed to place much reliance on his assertions, if
the date he gives of Johnson's residence at Oxford
be a specimen of his accuracy. The author in
question says that the Doctor was fifteen years of
age when he underwent the alleged scourging.
According to Boswell, Johnson did not leave the
school at Stourbridge till he was seventeen ; and
was between nineteen and twenty when he was
entered as a commoner at Pembroke College. I
had flattered myself that, during three years'
residence at Oxford, I had exhausted the lions of
the place ; but I am indebted to QUEEN'S GAR-
DENS for disabusing me of so vain an idea. I now
know — at least, if I believe QUEEN'S GARDENS —
that the buttery-hatch at Pembroke is a lion, and
by no means an insignificant one. But I am not
yet convinced ; for I am at a loss to comprehend
how Johnson could have expressed any shame at
Milton's being flogged at Cambridge, when it
must have been notorious that he himself had
suffered a like indignity at Oxford. In answer
to my charge against him of anachronism, QUEEN'S
GARDENS states, that so far from corporal punish-
ment having nearly died out in Milton's days, it
still flourishes at Eton. So it does in our gaols
and army ; but not in our Universities, to which,
and to nothing else, as QUEEN'S GARDENS must
have been aware, I alluded. B. A.
B. A.'s italics first drew my attention to the am-
biguous wording of this passage. Had one of the
great philologer's contemporaries — rattlebrain
Goldsmith, for instance, or barnacle Boswell —
approached him with —
" I was reading your Life of Milton this morning,
Doctor Johnson ; hut there was one leetel point which I
could not exactly understand " —
some such colloquy, perhaps, as the following
would have ensued : —
J. " Why, Sir, many of its points might have been in
that predicament. But what was the occasion of your
particular obtuseness? "
G. (or B.~) " Only this one, Doctor. Were you ashamed
of Milton's having been whipped at College, or of only a
tew students having since undergone a whipping ? "
J. " Sir, the subject of my pudicity was obvious enough.
Xot that Milton was one of the vapulated penultimates,
but that one of the vapulated penultimates was Milton."
Chorus of Contemporaries, among whom G. (or B.~) was
eminently vivacious. " Hear him ! hear him ! "
J. "Be quiet, Sir. And now, I am additionally
ashamed that the birch is no longer cultivated inter
sylvas Acadcmi for the correction of idle questioners.
With them, Sir, the fittest argument is the a posteriori."
E. L. S.
POISONING BY DIAMOND-DUST (3rd S. i. 486.)
In Chapter xiii. of i the Autobiography of Ben-
venuto Cellini, he relates an attempt to poison him
when in prison at Rome by the administration of
pounded diamond in his food ; and he tells us he
escaped in consequence of the accomplice re-
serving the valuable diamond for himself, and
substituting pounded glass. He says the diamond
is not poisonous in itself, but that it acts me-
chanically by perforating the intestines, which no
other sort of stone or glass can do. Can this be
correct ? Surely the angles of broken glass are
quite as capable of lacerating the internal mucous
surfaces as those of a diamond. Besides, how is
it possible any person could swallow such sub-
stances without perceiving the grit in the mouth ?
Cellini adds it was not to produce its effect for
four or five months. He was credulous enough,
but probably expressed th§ opinions of the time.
Can any medical reader of " .N". & Q." give some
better information ? A. A.
Poets' Corner.
A WRESTLER (3rd S. ii. 106.) — J. W. inquires
whether the lines describing " a wrestler," and
commencing with —
" There lay at ease a bulky insolent,"
are by Chapman, the translator of Homer? If
the diction and style are not sufficient answer in
the negative to this Query, I may be allowed to
inform J. W. that they are from Mr. M. J. Chap-
man's Translation of the Idylls of Theocritus
(Idyll xxii. 6th Stanza.) Mr. Chapman was an
M.A. of Trin. Coll. Cambridge ; and his transla-
tion first appeared within the last thirty years.
Though it is not mentioned in Smith's Dictionary
of Greek and Roman Biography among noteworthy
translations of Theocritus, it is by far the best in
our language, and gives abundant proof not only
of the aptitude for translation which its author
possessed, but also of his high poetic talent.
When Mr. H. G. Bohn added a Literal Transla-
tion of Theocritus, Bion, and Moschus to his
Classical Series, in 1853, he was induced to ap-
pend to it the metrical versions of Chapman.
J. W. may, if he will, compare the literal with
the poetical version in that volume, and I will
further add that he will find in the Idyll in ques-
tion a curious parallel between the contest of
Pollux with Amycus, and that of Heenan with
Sayers in our own day. This parallel was noticed
by Mr. Walter Severn of the Council Office,
Whitehall, in a letter to The Times of April 20,
1860, who quoted the literal version in Bohn's
volume. JAMES (BANKS) DAVIES.
Moor Court, Kington.
ENGLISH REFUGEES IN HOLLAND (3rd S. i.
409, 514 ; ii. 111.) — All honour be to Friederich
Count Wied ! — a name that must be for ever
venerated by the friends of religious liberty.
160
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"« S. IL Aco. 23, '
Not only am I personally obliged to D. B. for the
inquiries he has so successfully instituted in refer*
ence to my Query, but I think the obligation
should take a wider range for bringing more pro-
minently under our notice a man who must have
been in his day to the persecuted for conscience
sake, as " rivers of water in a dry place, as the
shadow of a great rock in a weary land ; " and
though no history of Nonconformity, rather I
should say, of Protestant Christianity, can be well
complete without some allusion to this noble-
minded German prince, I do not remember ever
to have seen his name mentioned in connection
with the subject before. W. W. S.
BEVERLEY MONUMENT (3r4 S. ii. 125.) — Is
MR. J. W. B. SMITH quite sure that the inscrip-
tion he refers to is on the wall of St. Johns
church at Beverley, more commonly known as the
minster ? I am rather inclined to think it is on
the wall of St.. Mary's in that town, a most mag-
nificent cruciform church, but eclipsed by the
splendour of the minster, which is, as is well
known, one of the finest ecclesiastical structures
in England.
The Query about this same epitaph was asked
in one of the early volumes of the 1 tt S. of" N. & Q.,"
but I do not think it was answered.
Was Anne Boleyn executed by the sword, and
not by the axe f OXONIENSIS.
HECOED COMMISSION PUBLICATIONS (3rd S. ii.
101.) — MR. I it VINE will find one or more of the
Appendices he inquires for in the last (or last
but one) number of Mr. John Gray Bell's Cata-
logue (Manchester). I have not my copy at
hand, to give him a more particular reference.
D. J.
HUNTFR'S MOON : SEEDSMAN'S MOON (3rd S. i.
225.) — Having occasion to travel through the
south-eastern parts of England lately, I took the
opportunity to inquire about the hunter's moon.
It seems known traditionally, but no one could
agree definitely as to its period. One old farmer
told me, when he was a boy, there were three
moons much talked of: the harvest, the hunter's,
and the seedsman's moon. This last is, I think,
new to most of us. Probably the correct investi-
gation of one will give a clue to the others. My
informant could not tell; he only knew he had
heard of it when very young. A. A.
Poets' Corner.
HON. JAMES STEPHEN LUSHINQTON (3r* S. ii.
87.)— In Brand's History of Newcastle, Mr. Lusb-
ington is stated to have died on June 17, 1801 ;
and to have been interred at the church of St.
Nicholas in that town. i ; . B.
BISHOP EDMUND GESTE (3rd S. ii. 129), was
born 1513, Bishop of Rochester 1559-60, Bishop
Almoner of Salisbury 1571, died 1576-7. Arms
as entered in Visitation of Worcestershire, 16S
" B. chev. o. betw. 3 shoveller's heads erased m
Crest, a shoveller's head erased ppr. betw. 2
trich feathers o." He was son of Thomas
grandson of John Gheste, of Handsworth,
Stafford.
A family of Guest who bear the arms, and are
probably of the same family as the bishop, uses
for motto, " Nee temere nee timide." H. S. G.
ARCHIEPISCOPAL MITRES (3rd S. ii. 137.) — The
correspondent who signs himself J. A. PN. has
fallen into the mistake of several others — that of
confounding Patriarchs with Primates. The Arch-
bishops of Canterbury and York were Primates,
but never Patriarchs, in the proper sense of the
word. At first there were only two Patriarch?,
those of Alexandria and Antioch. Subsequently
there were four, Constantinople and Jerusalem
being added to the two former. These are con-
sidered Patriarchates of the first rank, nrimarios.
But some others were afterwards established of a
secondary rank, such as the Patriarchates of
Venice, of the Indies, and of Ethiopia ; and lastly,
in 1716, Pope Clement XI. instituted the Patri-
archate of Lisbon. It is quite correct that Pa-
triarchs wear a tiara, encircled with two crowns.
I know this from actual inspection ; but there is
no authority, but heraldic, for the coronet on the
mitre of an Archbishop. F. C. H.
ffltettttzneauS,
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ARMOUR-CLAD SHIPS.
Strengthening ships with armour-plates or
shields would seem to be no modern invention.
It was practised in the age of Elizabeth, and with
considerable success. This appears from the fol-
lowing curious extract, which is taken from a
contemporary MS. preserved in the State Paper
Office. It was penned in the year 1596 by "poor
Capt. John Yong of G* Lawraunce Powltneis-
lane, in London, neare to the oulde Swanne," a
veteran of forty years' experience in naval affairs.
Like too many more of our early mechanical
geniuses, he profited little by his skill, and (to the
disgrace of the queen) still less by his patriotism.
The captain was specially employed in the memor-
able summer of '88 " for the discovery of the Duke
of Medina," i. e. to give warning to the govern-
ment of the approach of the Spanish Armada.
He was afterwards associated with another officer
of his own rank named Prowse, in disposing the
fire-ships which effectually dispersed that magnifi-
cent fleet when anchored off Calais — a service for
which the poor gentleman was never remunerated,
nor even compensated for his " own great ship,
worth more than a thousand pounds," which was
one of the eight selected for combustion. A very
curious document is the inventory of her contents.
Yong's paper, or " motion " as he designates it,
is addressed to the Earl of Essex. By substitut-
ing shields for "frames," and rendering his account
in modern English, it then might very well pass
for one of those descriptions of experiments in
naval architecture, and the resisting powers of a
ship's hull, with which we are now-a-days so
frequently favoured by contending engineers : —
" May it please yor honor to consider of this article fol-
lowing:—
" If y * maye please yor honor to thinke good of this
mocon to the greate strengthening of her Ma*7 navye, as
other princes have bin inforced to doe the_like ; that is to
sale, some of the greatest shippes and some of the others
to be put into frames made of straight & smothe rownde
masts, not verve bigg but reasonable ; & the frames to be
made in this sorte, viz. ffrom the fore parte of the fore-
castell on the one side, & soe all alongst & rownde abowte
the poope alsoe, & soe all alongst the other side upp to
the fore parte of the forecastell alsoe; & that theare
muste bee made rounde holes through the ships side no
bigger then thende of the masts will goe in, close &
straighte to fill the wholes ; & the eandes of the masts
must be made fastdowne to thedexor overlops; but 3rou
must remember' to place the eandes within boorde, iuste
betweene yor greate peece, for hindering of the trauesing
of them in the tyme of seruice, & the longe masts wch
muste make the" frame without boorde, & theye must
be made faste to the eandes of them wthowte boorde, &
fastened wth strong plates of Iron made of purpose, or
ells with bowlts rings & forlocks, within boorde & without
alsoe ; and yor frames maie be in lengthe withowte horde
10 or 12 foot longe, or longer or shorter at yor pleasure;
but the King of Dentnarke in his ships their frames
wear eightene, ffbwre & twentie, & thirtie foot longe
withowt borde ; but in my opinion they weare to mon-
sterous longe; but wttin borde thende of your masts
maye be as shorte as yo" shall thinke good. By this pol-
lecye two hundreth men shalbe able to hold owte a
thowsande men, yea two thowsande men, & alsoe the
enemie lying in this greate daunger so neare to or greate
ordynance, & theye being not able by noe meanes pos-
sible to make entrie for the frames, & wee maye easelie
sincke them or spoile them in shorte time; & these
frames will not hinder the tackling of the shippe, & you
may take them of & on when you thincke good. I have
seene the King of Denmarke inforced to doe all this, or
ells the King of Sweathlande woulde not have lefte him
not one shippe, & if he had lefte his navye he had loste
his kingdome alsoe, for the Kinge of Sweathlande his
ships weare more in nomber & bigger, & muche better
manned, wth abundance of all warlike furniture & muni-
con, & of greate copper peeces wch shoote a hondreth
waight of osementes * or shot at euery shot ; & cuery
one of his good ships weare made of saker shot proof
above in their cage works, & betweene winde & water of
cannon shote proof, to keepe them from sincking ; and
theye had alsoe greate murdering peeces of copper to
scowre their fights. Moreouer, the frames aforesaide are
good to be used especiallye in the narrow seas, yf the
greate inuincible fleete of the Spaniards doe come againe,
for the frames will make or navie ten thousand men
stronger then euer theye weare before. I meane, if all
or the moste parte be p'ut into fframes of or men-a-war
heere pnt at home, for that the frames are not to be used in
farre & longe voyages excepte you will bestowe them in
yor ships some parte within borde & some parte wthowt,
* Osmund or Osemuth ; i. e. balls made of the best
Swedish iron.
162
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[8* S. II. Aui.. .30, '6'.'.
the longest lasht w°H)wt borde, & when you coihe wheare
yor enemies bee you maye sone put them owt for yor de-
fence; but it will be troblesome to carrie."
In the same paper, Capt. Yong suggests the re-
vival of " the oulde fashion, in the time of King
Henry VIII.," of having "a chaine nettinge of
iron " suspended to the sides of the largest men-
of-war; the adjusting of which he describes at
length. He strongly urges its re-adoption in the
Royal Navy as a perfect safe-guard, both against
the fire-works of the enemy, and their attempts at
boarding. ft.
CURLL'S VOITURE LETTERS.
My attention has been directed to the following
strange story in reference to the above, told by
Mr. Carruthers ill the Appendix to the second
edition of his Life of Pope : —
" Since the first edition of this work was published,
the following manuscript note has been discovered in a
copy of Pope's Works, which belonged to Francis Douce,
the eminent antiquary:
"'The Miss Blount which our son Charles mentioned to
vou, was your granddaughter, begotten by Charles himself.
Bookseller Curll, having good success with publishing
a volume of letters of Air. Pope's and others, he pro-
ceeded to a second, and. by laying out far and wide, for
letters of all sorts, he has now, I think, made them up
6 vols. When Charles found him so greedy of letters, he
translated three or four letters of Yoiture's to Madlle.
Ramhouillet, &c., and sent them by the Penny Post to
Curll as Pope's to Miss Blount, and Curll has not fail'd
to publish them to the world as such.' — From a letter
written by Mr. J. Plumtre to his wife Annabella, dated
Jermyn Street, 1 May, 1744."
It is impossible that Mr. Carruthers can be-
lieve this story ; it runs counter to his recorded
opinions, after an examination of the original
letters still preserved among the Rawlinson MSS.,
and yet he published it, to the certain bewilder-
ment of the trusting public, without an attempt
to support it by authority. The extraordinary
Note must have been discovered within half a
dozen years; why not tell us when, where, and
by whom ? Douce left his library to the Bod-
leian. Is the edition of Pope's Works to be
there found? Is the note in Douce's hand-
writing? If yes, a dozen questions still remain
to be answered before it could be received in
evidence. Where is the original letter? How
can it be authenticated ?
Mr. ^ Carruthers, before he received this in-
formation, had stated the facts correctly, and pro-
nounced judgment. I agree with him that the
letters are in the handwriting of Pope, somewhat
disguised ; but there is better evidence than
hand-writing; they have all been crowded into
one single sheet of quarto paper, and the letter
to Curll was written on the half sheet which
enclosed them — here we have evidence of the
writer's paper-sparing habits, to which Swift
alluded — and they are indorsed in those print-
like letters in which Pope delighted.
The pretended statement of Mr. Plumtre con-
tains internal evidence of its untruthfulneM.
" Our son Charles," it appears, " translated three
or four letters of Voiture's to Mdlle. Rambouillet,
&c., and sent them by the Penny Post to Curll."
Why should the young gentleman take the trouble
to translate them, seeing that they were already
translated ? Two translations of Voiture's Let-
ters had been published — one in 1657, and|the
other in 1715 — and a writer, in The Grub Street
Journal, believed to be Pope himself, says, " they
are not so much as transcribed anew from the
French, but taken from an old English trans-
lation, published in 1657." Further : " They
are word for word transcribed, excepting only
two or three words, to adapt them more to these
times, and a quotation from Shakspeare." Son
Charles, we are told, then sent the letters, which
he did not translate, " by the Penny Post to
Curll." This admits of direct disproof, and is
conclusive against the whole foolish story. The
letters were not .tent by post ; there is no trace of
a post-mark on the cover ; and the direction is
further evidence, if further can be required.
They are addressed —
For
Mr. Edmund Curll, Bookseller, in Ease Street,
Covent Garden,
London.
Carriage Paid.
The "London," the " Carriage Paid," and the
absence of a Post-office stamp, are conclusive.
D.
ENTRIES RELATING TO CLERGYMEN, IN THE
PARISH REGISTER OF ROMFORD, CO. ESSEX.
The following extracts from the Church Regis-
ters of the important market town of Romford,
may be interesting to the genealogical readers of
"N. & Q." The burials, especially, will form
valuable additions to Newcourt.
I have very carefully examined these Regis-
ters, and believe that I have included every entry
in any way relating to clergymen, to be found in
them for about two hundred and fifty years.
Here and there the registers are defective ; and
for obvious reasons, I send nothing later than
A.D. 1790.
The Romford Registers begin in the year 1561,
and have been pretty well kept throughout.
Baptism.
1591, Aug. 1. flrancis Holden, films Thomas Holden.
1594, Sep* 25. Laurence, filius Mr. Hill, Minister.
1596, Dec' 25. Elizabeth, filia Willm. Tichbourne, Mi-
nister.
1619, June 19. Lydia Morse, filia John Morse, milri oa-
pellae de Rumford.
S. II. AUG. 30, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
163
1620, Sep' 10. Thomas Morse, son of John Morse, milr of
Rumford.
1622, March 3. Anne Morse, daughter of do.
1635, Decr 29. Elizabeth Petchy, daughter of Mr. John
Petchy, ranr at Havering.
[Havering Atte Bower, near Romford. For many
years, the Havering Church Registers were included at
Komford. ]
1637. March 23. Mary Peachie, daughter of Mr. John P.
1659, Decr 11. Marye'Vaughan, daughter of Mr. Edward
Vaughan, Minister.
1660, Dec1' 30. Edward Vaughan, son of do.
1662, Jany 12. Elizabeth, daughter of do.
1664, Octr 2. Phillip Peck, son of Mr. Phillip Peck,
Minister.
1668, Nov. 27. Daniell Peck, sonn of Phillip Peck, Minis-
ter here.
1670, Nov. 4. Martha Peck, daughter of Mr. Phillip Peck,
Minister of Rumford.
1672, Decr 14. George Peck, son of do.
1674, May 14. Elizabeth Peck, daughter of do.
1G76, Feb. 17. John Peck, sonne of do. ; borne the 5th
inst.
1678, Jany 15. Abigail Peck, daughter of do.
1680, May 18. Mary Peek, daughter of Philip Peck,
Clerke.
1683, ffeb. 4. Simon Peck, son of Mr. Philip Peck,
Minister here.
1706, May 23. Mar}-, daughter of Mr. John Tomlins,
Clericus, and Eliz.
, Aug. 4. fflorence, daughter of Mr. Sam1 Dunston,
Clerici, and Mary.
1707, Octr 7. John, son of the Rev. Dr. John Searl, Rec-
tor of Willingale, and Vicar of North Weal, and
Mrs. Judith his wife, bapt., by James Hotchkis,
Chaplin.
. 1730, Oct1' 30. Will1", son of ye Rev. Mr. Richd Bolton,
and Eliz. his wife, Romford.
1733, March 9. Ann, daughter of the Rev. Mr. Ralph
Bolton and Eliz.
1734, April 5. Jane, daughter of Mr. Ralph Bolton and
Eliz.
1735, Sep' 12. Philip, son of ye Rev. Mr. Philip Fletcher,
and Frances his wife," Romford.
1736, June 10. Mary, daughter of y° Rev. Mr. Ralph-
Bolton, and Eliz. his wife.
1742, Nov. 5. Frances, daughter of yc Rev. Mr. Philip
and Mrs. Frances Fletcher.
1752, Octr 8. Simon Hillat, son of the Rev. Mr. John
Heath and Ann, Romford.
1754, Jany 23. Elisabeth, daughter of do.
1755, Jany 27. Ann, daughter of do.
1756, March 24. Richard, son of do.
1757, April 14. Richard Gilbert, son of do.
1763, April 16. Half baptized, James John, son of the
Rev. James and Ann Ridley, Romford (James
Ridley, Chaplain) [sic].
1764, May 29. Ann, daughter of James and Ann Rid-
ley.
1/65, May 29. Mary Judah, daughter of the Rev. Mr.
James Ridley, and Anne his wife.
1767, April 29. John, son of the Rev. John William Hop-
kins, Chaplain of Romford, and Mary his wife.
1769, Sept. 29. Margaret, daughter of do.
1789, May 13. Mary Ann, daughter of the Rev. Wm.
Stewart (decd, late Vicar of Campsey Ash, Suff. ;
and once Curate of this chapel), and Eliz. his
wife ; born 10 Jany, 1784 ; privately baptized
Feb. following, and admitted into the Church
this 13 May.
Marriages.
1689, Decr 23. William Mandrett, son of Mr. William
Mandrett, a master dyer in terns St. in London,
and Elizabeth Peck, daughter of Mr. Phillip
Peck, Minister of Romford.
1713, Aug. 6. The Reverend Mr. Arthur Heron, Rector
of Morten in this county, Wid1', and Mrs. Phila-
delphia Mildmay of Marks, sing., were married
by a license.
[Philadelphia, daughter of Francis Hervey alias Mild-
may, Esq., of Marks in this parish.]
1719, Aug. 11. The Reverend Mr. John Maryon, of White
Roothing, in ys Co., s., and Mrs. Jane Weller, s.,
of va Town, were md by a Licence.
1774, July"26. Rev. William Stewart, of this Parish,
Bachelor, and Elisabeth Meredith of this P., sp.,
a minor. Present— Richard Meredith, Theophilus
Denison Hume.
1788, May 1. The Rev. Matthew Willson of yc Parish of
St. Man% Cambridge, and Frances Barwis of this
P Married by Licence. Present — Jane Jack-
son Barwis, Rich. Wyatt, Dorothy Milnes.
Burials.
1566, Sept. 15. Sepultus fuit Johannes Acanthus qui fuit
senex et literatus.
•[Query if in Holy Orders?]
1605, May 3. Mar Willm. Tichborne, Minnister.
1611, Sept 24. Joyce Perryn, daughter to Mr. Pem'n,
Minister.
1612, Aug. 18. Mr. Anthony Warde, Mynister.
1615, June 5. James Morse, son of John M., milr of ye
word.
1618, March 17. George Crosse, a gram1' scholler, son of
a mnr.
1619, May 5. Margarett ffirman, daughter of Mr. ffirman,
mfir at Havering.
1620, Septr 13. Thomas Morse, son of Jo. M., mnr.
1621, June 9. Lydia Morse, daughter of Jo. M., mnr.
1627, May 30. Ane Morse, daughter of John M.
, Nov. 3. Thomas Morse, son of John.
1628, July 16. John Morse, son of John.
, Nov. 16. Sidrack Simson, son of Mr. Simsoi:, a
miir of London.
1648, Jany 31. John Morse, Minister of Romford.
1665, Nov. 15. A Male Child of Mr. Phillip Peck.
1667, Jany 12. A female Ch. of Mr. Peckes.
1668, Feb. 7. George Stonehouse, sonn of Robt. S., Clerke.
1673, Jany 21. Martha Peck, daughter of Mr. Phillip
Peck, Minister of R.
1678, Nov. 13. Mary Blackmore, wife of Wm. Blackmore,
Clerke, from Hare St.
1679, May 15. Mrs. Mary S., wife of Robt. Stonehouse of
Romford, Clerke.
1683, Dec1' 14. Mr. Robert Stonehouse, Clerke, from Chil-
derditch.
1684, July 18. Mr. Wm. Blackmore, Clerke, from Hare St.
1686, Nov. 5. Edward Stonebouse, the younger son of
Robt. Stonehouse, Clerke, deed, from London.
1687, Feb. 10. Zechariah Fitch, Clerke, from Cockerells.
[Cockerells, at that time a manor house of importance
near Hare Street, a village in this parish.]
1690, Dec1 23. Mrs. Mary Pecke, wife of Mr. Phillip
Pick, Minister.
1692, Feb. 5. Prudentia Noble, daughter of Mr. Mark
Noble, of Havering, Minister.
1695, Sepr 2. Mr. Robert Stonehouse, Clerk, minister of
Woodham Mortimer.
, „ 20. Eliz. Noble, daughter of Mr. Mark Noble,
Clerk, of Havering.
164
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. AUG. 30, '62.
1695, Nov. 26. Mr. Philip Peck, Clerk, minister of this
parish.
1697, July 20. Edw. Whiston, Clerk of this ward.
1703, May 10. Mary, daughter of Mr. Robertson, a
Preacher.
1706, Aug. 19. fflorence, daughter of Mr. Dunston, a
Clergyman.
, « Mem. that Sam1 Keckwich, Curate of Romford,
and Vicar of Raneham, died y« 18 day of 7ber,
1706, and was buried y° 23 do. at Raneham ; and
that Mr. Roberts, Vicar of Hornchurch, was
pleas'd to appoint me, J. Hotchkis, to succeed
him ; and y« I entered upon ye curacy ye 14 day
of October, 1706."
1715, July 11. The Rev. Mr. John Bret, Curate of Dagen-
ham, native of y* place.
1718, Dec' 7. Mrs. Judith Searle, relict of y* Rev. Dr.
John Searle, late Rector of Willingale.
1734, Ocf 21. The Rev. Mr. James Hotchkis, M. M. R.
1735, Feb. 14. Mrs. Eliz. Hotchkiss.
, Octr 26. Philip Fletcher, son of the Rev. Mr.
Fletcher.
1737, May 12. The Rev. Mr. Ralph Bolton.
1750, July 14. The Rev. Mr. Richard Monins, buried at
Charlton, near Dover, in Kent.
1753, Ocf 10. Simon Hillat, infant son of the Rev. Mr.
John Heath and Ann his wife, Romford.
1754, Jan* 9. Margaret, relict of the Rev. Mr. Hans De-
veri), Felstead.
1755, May 15. Elisabeth, infant daughter of the Rev.
Mr. John Heath and of Ann his wife.
, June 4. Ann, infant daughter of do.
1756, May 7. Richard, infant son of do.
, „ 14. John, son of do.
1765, March 1. The Rev. Mr. James Ridley.
[For ninety-five years after this time, no clerical in-
terment appears on the Register.]
EDWARD J. SAGE.
16, Spenser Road, Newington Green.
flattH.
TKLEMACHUS : MENTOR'S VESSEL. — I have been
surprised, in reading the Seventh Book of Tele-
machus, at the account of the building of Mentor's
ship, and unable to reconcile it with the sound
judgment and consistency of Fenelon. Mentor,
at the suggestion of Calypso, goes to a cavern ;
finds the requisite tools, cuts down some tall
poplar trees, and builds a vessel ready for sea —
all by himself, and all in a single day ! When we
read this, we think we must have got hold of the
Arabian Nights, and of Aladdin's lamp, instead of
a sober, classical composition of the illustrious
Fenelon. He seems to have considered some ex-
planation needed for a feat so incredible ; but the
one which he offers affords but a poor apology.
Mentor is, of course, the goddess Minerva in dis-
guise: and so the author thinks it sufficient to
observe : " Que la puissance et 1'industrie de
Minerve n'ont pas besoin d'un si grand terns pour
achever les plus grands ouvrages.
But if we allow full value to this solution of a
most startling difficulty, it will be still impossible
to reconcile such a statement with consistency in
the author's story. Calypso is not permitted to
know Minerva under the guise of Mentor : she is
only allowed to regard "him as some very wise
ana superior mortal. Yet she expresses no sur-
prise at beholding the astounding and incredible
performance of Mentor — a vessel completed by
a single pair of hands in one day ; and it never
enters into her thoughts that the man who could
perform such a feat must be more than mortal.
Surely here is an inconsistency, quite out of cha
racter and keeping with the professed object '
the narrative — the concealment of Mentor's re
character from Calypso. F. C. H.
INTELLIGENCE ATTRIBUTED TO INANIMAI
THINGS. — I was witness to a curious instance
this a short time ago. A scientific friend has
very good chronometer, in which he takes gr«
interest. It had been cleaned, and he called
the watchmaker's to say, it went with great
larity, but had a losing rate of rather more
count than he liked, and he requested
alteration made to the regulator. The ma
looked at it carefully some time, and at last saic
" Really, Sir, I think you would do it bett
yourself. You see, Sir, you know the watch,
the watch known you. I think you would succ
better with it than I should. We often he
sailors speak of their ships as if they had set
and feeling, but I never heard a watch so spoke
of before. A. A.
Poets' Corner.
LlKES WRITTEN ON A PAKE OF GLASS. —
following lines are (or were) visible on a window-
pane of the Hotel des Pays-Bas, Spa, Belgium :-
" 1793.
/' I love but one, and only one,
Oh Damon, thou art he ;
Love thou but one, and only one,
And let that one be me."
HERMENTRUDE.
LONGEVITY. — In Wimbledon churchyard is
board over a grave recording the deaths of Thou
Taylor, died Dec. 25, 1827, aged 108 years; and
of Sarah his wife, died July 4, 1834, aged ninety-
seven years. W. P.
INSCRIPTION. — A remarkable one for the year
1847 in Wimbledon churchyard : —
" Good friends for Jesus' sake forbear
To dig the dust that's interr'd here.
Bless'd be the man that spares these stones,
And curs'd be he that moves my bones."
AV. P.
PARTRIDGE SHOOTING.
Are partridges and pheasants natives of these
islands ? If not, where and whence were they
first introduced. Partridges are most probably
3rd S. II. AUG. 30, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
165
indigenous ; for Chaucer, in his description of the
Franklin, tells us : —
" Ful many a fat partrich had he in mewe,"
And both partridges and pheasants are men-
tioned in the Act 11 Henry VII., cap. 17, en-
titled " The Forfeiture for taking of Fesants
and Partridges, or the eggs of Hawkes or
Swans : " as also by his successor, in a proclama-
tion dated July 7, in the twenty-seventh year of
his reign, wherein he recites his great desire " to
the partridges, pheasants, and herons, from his
Palace at Westminster to St. Gyles-in-the-Fields,
from thence to Islington, Hamsted, Highgate, and
Hornsey Park ; and that if any person of any
rank or quality presumed to kill any of these
birds, they were to be imprisoned, as also suffer
such other punishment as to His Highness should
seem, meet." But "sport" in the good old times
was very different from sport at the present day.
Hawking was one form of it. Snaring or netting
was another. But when did partridge shooting,
as now practised, begin ?
The present race of sportsmen will be surprised
to hear that a learned gentleman, Daines Bar-
rington, when discussing in 1775 the daily de-
crease of game, did not hesitate to affirm : " It
will, however, in time be discovered that the prac-
tice of shooting at the bird on the wing is the
real occasion of this diminution." (See his Ob-
servations on the Statutes, p. 455). And he justi-
fied this assertion by a note, which may well find
a place in the columns of " N. & Q." : —
" As this is looked upon at present to be the only fair
sporting, and the decrease of the game is not only attri-
buted to other causes, but is productive of statutes at-
tended with some rigour,S'this assertion may possibly
seem to require some proof. Less than a century ago,
when a bird was once on the wing, the shooter dropped
his gun, despairing to hit it. And I have myself con-
versed with old men, who could find all sorts of game on
the ground. The consequence of this was, that the gen-
tleman had no other amusement but what is now called
poaching; and in the reign of (Charles the Second, a very
costly and pompous book (in folio, with engravings,)
was published, with the title of The Gentleman's Recrea-
tion; in which there are copper-plates, representing
tonelling, and all kinds of snares. This treatise was in
so great repute at the time of its publication, and was
considered as being of such general utility, that it was
abridged in the Philosophical Transactions for the year
1675. The greater plenty of game, which is said to be
in France than in England, I take to be a confirmation
of this conjecture. I have been informed, that few of the
French gentry shoot; on the contrary, they sell their
game at the market; which brings a better price like-
wise when taken in a snare, at the same ^time that the
expense of gunpowder is saved."
Jeremiah Markland, of St. John's, Oxford,
afterwards Prebendary of Westminster and Mas-
ter of St. Cross, published his Pleryplegia, or the
Art of Shooting Flying, a poem, in 1727 ; and in
his Preface he speaks of the great superiority of
the French in the use of the gun : " It is as rare
for a professed marksman of that nation to miss a
bird, as for one of ours to kill." The following
lines will give the readers of " N. & Q." some
notion of Markland's style, and no doubt amuse
such of them as are shots : —
" Our Sport, almost at hand, we charge the Gun,
Whilst ev'ry well-bred Dog lies qui'tly down.
Charge not before. If over-night the piece
Stands loaded, in the Morn the Prime will hiss:
Nor Prime too full ; else You will surely blame
The hanging Fire, and lose the pointed Aim.
Should I of this the obvious Reason tell,
The caking Pressure does the Flame repel,
And Vulcan's lam'd again, by his own Steel.
Yet cleanse the Touch-hole first : A Partridge Wing,
Most to the field for that wise Purpose bring.
In Charging next, good Workmen never fail
To ram the Powder well, but not the Ball :
One-third the well-turn'd Shot superior must
Arise, and overcome the nitrous Dust ;
Which, dry'd and season'd in the oven's Heat,
Has stood in close-mouth'd Jarr the dampless night.
Now search for Tow, and some old Saddle pierce ;
No Wadding lies so close, or drives so fierce !
And here be mindful constantly to Arm
With Choice of Flints, a Turn-screw, and a Worm ;
The accidental Chances of the Field
Will for such Implements Occasion yield." — Pp. 3 — 5.
It would be easy to add to this specimen of
Markland's Poems, and this illustration of Sport-
ing Life, at the commencement of the Eighteenth
Century ; but your graver readers will probably
grumble at your giving more space to
A COCKNET.
ALEXANDER ARSIC. — Matthew Paris (vol. i.
p. 119, Bohn's edition) states that among the es-
cutcheons laid low in 1237, was that of Alexander
Arsic. Who was this Alexander ? I may, per-
haps, assist by saying that in the same year there
died an Alexander, abbot of Selby. If he be the
same, when was he elected, and what were the
particulars of his life ? MONOS.
ASSURANCE, ESSAYS ON. — I should be glad if any
contributor could refer me to essays, &c., on as-
surance, fire or life, written in a lively style, or
interspersed with startling and accurate illustra-
tions. THISTIS.
CAM-SHEDDING. — Can you favour a subscriber
with the following information? — A term is mado
use of in water engineering for which no notice is
to be found in any Dictionary ; neither is any de-
finite mode of orthography correctly ascertainable,
or the unde derivation to be learned. I allude to
that system of wooden casing for the support of
earth-work contiguous to rivers, brooks, &c. The
accepted term is cam shedding, or camp shedding,
or kem shading : I have seen it variously spelt.
A MECHANIC.
166
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3">S. II. A
CONGLKTON BIBLE AND BEAR. — Passing through
Congleton some time since, a gentleman heard
some tailors, singing,
" Congleton rare, Congleton rare,
Sold the Bible to pay for a bear."
Being in the vicinity, I made inquiry about this,
and was told that such n thing did occur, and that
it was a standing Jest against the Congletonians to
this day. May I ask what this alludes to, and
when it happened ? W. W.
SIR HUMPHREY DAVY, — Some time since
" N. & Q." had some allusions to Sir Humphrey
Davy in the character of poet. It appears from
Dr. Paris's Memoir, that when he was a school-
boy he was also a dramatist, having written a
pantomime. The following is a cast of the cha-
racters : —
' '- - Davy.
' Harlequin -
Clown
Columbine
Cupid
Fortuna
Ben -
Nurse
Muccaroni
Hichens.
Veale.
Scobell.
Billy Giddy.
Robyns.
Dennis."
Dr. Paris says in the Memoir : —
" The performers, who, I believe with one exception,
are all living (circa 1831) will perhaps find some amuse-
ment in examining how far their future characters were
shadowed forth on this occasion. At all events, I feel
confident that they will receive no small gratitication at
having their recollections thus carried back to the joyous
scenes of boyhood, connected as they always are, and
must ever be, with the most delightful associations of our
lives."
The Billy Giddy, whose name appears above in
the dram, persona, was, I presume, Mr. Davies
Gilbert. Can any of your readers identify the
other coadjutors of Sir Humphrey in his juvenile
performance ?
Query, Are any of the'performers now living ?
DUDLEY OF WESTMORELAND. — Will MR. AD-
LAUD, whose kind reply to my query under the
above heading appears in 3rd S. li. 99, add to his
kindness by informing me how a copy of the book
from which he quotes may be procured ?
II. S. G.
MR. HERBERT, PRESIDENT OF NEVIS IN 1787.
" Nelson married, in 1787, Mrs. Nisbet (widow of Dr.
Nisbet, a physician in Nevis), niece to Mr. Herbert, Pre-
sident of that island. Mr. Herbert at this time was so
much displeased with his only daughter, that he had re-
solved to disinherit her, and leave his whole fortune to
his niece. Nelson dissuaded him from this, and reconciled
him to his child." — Life of Nelson, by Southey
Any information or particulars relative to Mr.
Herbert, or to his daughter, — when Mr. Herbert
died, and where, and whether the daughter mar-
ried, and whom? will be thankfully received.
G. P.
"LEAVES FROM PORTUGUESE OLIVK." — Who
was the author of "Leaves from Portuguese Olive,"
published in the Dublin University Magazine,
1852-3, signed " M. E. M. ? " Has he writ
other wotks ? W. M. -M.'
LETTERS IN HERALDRY. — Can any one of your
heraldry loving correspondents inform a humble
student of the noble science of blazonrie, whether
the bearing of a letter of the alphabet, probably
an initial letter, in coats of arms, generally on the
chief, is a common or ancient custom, and if ever
prevalent in England ? One Italian, I think Flo-
rentine, family, bears the word " Libertas " on a
chief. Any information on the subject would
oblige A READER.
MACCLESFIELD REMAINS. — In one of the sloping
streets near the church of St. Michael at Maccles-
field, there is an old gateway to a castle, formed
of large rough-hewn blocks of sandstone. In the
yard of a house in Mill Street adjoining, there is
a fragment of the wall from thence. An under-
ground passage is said to lead to the church.
This is said to have been destroyed by Cromwell.
Is anything known respecting the above ?
W. W.
MATILDA, DAUGHTER OF HENRY I. — I have
lately met (I think in some Magazine) with the
following piece of scandal respecting this princess :
" That when she was sent to Germany to be married
to the Emperor, her first husband, she was escorted by
her cousin, Stephen, who, in the course of the journey,
took the opportunity of corrupting her innocence."
It is added, —
" That this circumstance afterwards encouraged him to
lay claim to the crown of England ; thinking that, after
what had taken place between them, Matilda would be
ashamed and afraid to oppose herself to his pretensions."
Supposing the tale to be true, the event showed
that Stephen was mistaken, as those who calculate
on female weakness or timidity frequently are.
On what authority is this story, which is probably
a calumny, founded ? It is not mentioned in any
History of England with which I am acquainted.
Some accounts state that the intimacies between
Stephen and Matilda took place after the death of
the emperor. This is more probable, especially i"
it be true that the princess, when she first went
Germany, was but eight years of age. — Baker
Chronicle, p. 49, folio. W. D.
QUOTATION. — Who is the author of the follow-
ing line V
" For sudden joys, like grief, confound at first."
RD. SLOCOMBE.
ST. LEGER : TRUNKWELL. — I want very much
to find out a place in Berkshire called Trunkiccll.
A family of St. Legers lived there in 1730, and
perhaps some years earlier. I should be glad to
of
I
3rd S. II. AUG. 30,
NOTES AND QUERIES.
167
know something of them, as well as the locality
of their above-named residence.
F. FlTZ-IlENRY.
SERPENTS IN ? —
"RADICALISM IN 1862. — The political annalist who
should undertake to write the records of the Session of
1862 from the Radical point of view would encounter at
the outset a difficulty not uulike that which embarrassed
the learned Norwegian when he came to treat of the
natural history of the serpents of his native land. ' There
are no serpents in Norway; ' and there is nothing in the
parliamentary events of the past six months which any
judicious friend of .Radicalism can be interested in pre-
serving from oblivion." — Saturday Review, August 2,
1862.
The above illustration has been used many hun-
dred times, and is so appropriate that it will be
used many hundred more. The chapter on snakes
is generally ascribed to a writer on Iceland. If
any reader of " N. & Q." has actually seen the
book in which it is, and will send title, date, and
page, he will gratify a reasonable curiosity, and
promote accuracy of quotation. FITZHOPKINS.
Amiens.
TYPOGRAPHICAL QUERIES. — 1. By what names
did the Romans call the letters of their alphabet ?
2. Is the origin of the names; of our letters
H, Q, Y, and Z, known ? and if so, what is the
derivation of those names ?
3. Do all the nations who use printing make a
distinction between the characters used in that art
and those used in penmanship ? and is it known
at what period such distinction commenced in
Europe ?
4. What is the origin of the characters called
Old English and those called Church Text?
S. B.
THE WARDEN OF GAIAVAY. — Some weeks ago
I sent you a Note respecting this man, who has
been dignified in several local histories as the
Brutus of Galway. I was anxious to obtain a
faithful account of a transaction which was in
itself remarkable, and which has come down to us
•with many variations and embellishments. I ob-
serve in Lloyd's Newspaper of Aug. 3, some men-
tion is made of a drama founded upon the event,
and entitled the Warden of Galivay, and said to
have been produced at the Olympic Theatre.
The Musical World, it appears, had asserted that
such a tragedy had been produced, and damned ;
but the critic of Lloyd's had been unable to find
any trace of it. His remarks, however, have
brought out the following letter, giving an account
of the drama, and also of the event upon which
it was founded. I gave you the only authentic
piece of intelligence I have ever been able to pro-
cure, viz. an extract from the Public Records of
the Town of Galway. Mr. Donaldson gives the
history as it is related, but the details vary in all
the histories extant. Is it possible to procure an
accurate history of the event ? The letter, I pre-
sume, is addressed to the editor of Lloyd's News-
paper, but it does not say so. It is taken from
that journal : —
"August oth, 1862.
" Sin, — Your edition of Sunday last notices a tragedy
founded or. The Warden of Galway. Such a drama had
a considerable run at the Theatre Royal, Hawkins Street,
Dublin, thirty-three years ago, during the management of
Mr. Calcraft. According to your notice it failed at the
Olympic Theatre : that is no criterion in regard to its
want of merit In 1831, while attached to the Liverpool
Theatre, when under the management of Mr. H. Bever-
ley, I produced a drama founded on the tragedy of The
Warden of Galway, and it was received with consider-
able applause. The winding up of the drama is cer-
tainly revolting — the idea of a father turning the exe-
cutioner of his own son partakes pf the days of the elder
Brutus.
" Walter Lynch, the warden or chief magistrate of
Galway, condemns his son to death for the murder of a
young Spaniard. The gallows was erected close to the
warden's house ; but in consequence of a rising of the
people, and the hangman refusing to perform the exe-
crable task, the stern and inflexible father stepped for-
ward, and, to the horror of the multitude, tied the rope
round his son's neck, and turned him off. This circum-
stance" is an historical fact — the story is extant, and is
written in choice Irish. — I remain, Sir, yours, &c.
" WALTER DONALDSON."
T. B.
MEETING OF WELLINGTON AND BLUCHER AT
WATERLOO. — A writer in the Illustrated Times
of Aug. 16, in making some remarks upon the last
picture put up in the Queen's Gallery, says : —
" By-the-by, I have heard it confidently asserted that
this meeting of the chiefs is a myth, and that the great
Duke himself said that it never occurred."
I have always understood that the Duke of
Wellington denied that any meeting had taken
place on the field of Waterloo between Blucher
and himself, but I have not the authority at hand.
Dr. Alison says that such a meeting did take
place, and gives the time, place and other parti-
culars ; and many popular accounts of the battle
support this statement. The Duke's testimony,
if such exists, would be conclusive. The general
impression is, that the two heroes met and em-
braced after the final charge of the British guards,
and such meeting has been made familiar to us by
an engraving of no high order of merit ; and I
think a plate showing the meeting there was in
Kelly's History of the Battle, Sj-c., published many
years ago — a 4to volume, compiled from all sources,
and designed, for popular use. I believe, apart
from the Duke's statement, that the victorious ge-
nerals did not meet on that day. It is a pity
that the artist under such circumstances should
have selected, or permitted others to select for
him, a doubtful episode in a history so rich with
thrilling scenes and glorious results. Historical
painting ought to aim at faithfulness in the events
it attempts to immortalise, else it reflects a shade
168
NOTES AND QUERIES.
O'' S. IL Ano. 80,
of doubt on all history. Perhaps some of your
readers may be able to tell us whether the Duke
did make the statement referred to, and where it
is to be found. T. B.
WIGS. — Did Charles I. wear a wig? if so, was
it a Welsh wig ? In " The Wye, with its associated
Scenery, by a member of the Royal Cambrian So-
ciety," I find recorded " A Relic of the Royal Mar-
tyr," in these words :
" Being at Werndee (where he was suspected to be
hidden) the king was disturbed in the middle of his
dressing, and was obliged to escape through the window,
without his shirt and wig. He left these and his toilette
brushes behind him, which, with the exception of the
wig, are now at Llandago priory."
My own impression has always been that wigs
caine into England with Charles II. at the Restora-
tion ; and the amusing incident recorded in the
Diary of Pepys, when he purchased his first, periwig,
and walked into church on a Sunday morning, to the
admiration of the devout ladies, seems to confirm
my notion on this subject. Perhaps some corre-
spondent will kindly elucidate what the Cambrian
antiquary intends by " his shirt and wig." Had
Charles I. a foretaste of wiggery before wigs were
adopted by his subjects, as Queen Elizabeth wore
silk stockings while her loyal subjects had only
cloth hose ? Or were the flowing curls with which
Vandyke always graces the portraits of Charles
mere false hair, such as ladies now (Truefitt tells
me) very commonly add to their pericraniums ?
The point is worthy the consideration of the big
wigs in antiquarian research, as is also the shirt
question. Did the king leave his shirt to the last
to put it on over his armour, as we see the linen
tunics in the picture of the bold barons demand-
ing Magna Charta ? We know that many shirts
and fine cambric pocket handkerchiefs, marked
C. R., and under a crown-crest, are in the posses-
sion of loyalist families, relics they retained after
the decapitation at Whitehall. Or was the shirt
one of those delicately worked collars so pictu-
resque in Vandyke's portraits ? Or, lastly, was it
a chemisette (so ticketed in shop windows), for
fair ladies, or dandy minotaurs,
" Semibovemque virnm, semivirumque bovem " ?
I hope some man-milliner, learned in shirting,
will be able to settle this knotty question ; or that
the proprietors of the Priory will send up the
identical relic (to the care of Messrs. Bell and
Daldy) for your inspection. The wig, unfortu-
nately, won est inventus. But, at last, it might only
have been a Welsh wig, or woollen cap, which the
king put on for the nonce, the more effectually to
hide his devoted head from his pursuers ; as his
son afterwards donned the miller's clothes when
he came down from the Royal Oak, and escaped
in this disguise to the French coast. As Welsh
wittles are closely analogous to Welsh wigs, I
should also be glad to learn the date and origin of
this useful branch of commerce in the Principality.
"QUEEN'S GARI
THE REV. Jonx WINDER. — This clergyman
went to Ireland as chaplain to Kinjj William I (I.,
and soon after married Jane, daughter of M.ijor
Done (or Doane), of Cromwell's army, by 1.
daughter of Roger Lyndon, Esq., of Carrick
Are any of Mr. Winder's lineal descendants still
resident in Ireland ? An :
THE FIRST LORD MAYOR OF YORK. — In 1389,
when Richard II. went to York to settle a dispute
between the archbishop and his dean and chapter,
taking his sword from his side he gave it to Wil-
liam de Selby, to be carried before him, and at the
same time called him lord mayor. Can any one
give me the pedigree .' of William de Selby, and
what he was at that time? MONOS.
EXECUTIONER OF CHARLES I. — There is an old
" tradition," even if it rests on no better authority,
that the executioner of King Charles I. (who was
supposed to be a native of the neighbouring village
of Attercliffe), was interred in Sheffield church-
yard. Perhaps some of your correspondents may
be able to give some idea of the site, &c.
HAIXAMSHIRE.
[Close to the door on the south side of the chancel of
St. Peter's church, and affixed to the wall, was formerly
a brass with an inscription commemorating William
Walker, who is supposed to have been, the executioner of
King Charles I. His epitaph is printed in the Gent. Mag.
xxxvii. 548, and in Hunter's Hallamskire, p. 144. Mr.
Hunter has furnished the following particulars of this
individual at p. 254 : " After the Restoration, there re-
tired to Darnall, his native village, a person named Wil-
liam Walker. He continued to reside here till the year
1700, when he died, and was buried in the parish church
of Sheffield. From his monumental inscription it appears
that during the time of the Commonwealth he was en-
gaged in many civil employments, that he retired to a
little paternal estate, and that he spent his time in the
study of the mathematical and other sciences. What the
particular employments were in which he was engaged
during the Interregnum has never been explained ; but
the writer of the Memoir* of Thomas Hollis, p. 131, who
is now known to have been Archdeacon Blackburne, con-
jectures that he is the person to whom there is an allusion
in the Apology for the Presbyter ianlMinisters, 1649, on the
charge of holding anti-monarchical principles, ' the same
Walker who has written the Monthly Mercuries,' and
that therefore he was the translator of the Vindidcc
contra tyrannos, published in 1G48. The tradition of the
village of Darnall goes to fix on Walker that his was the
rash hand which smote off the head of the King. The
evidence which was collected by the late Mr. Wilson and
Mr. Goodwin, and laid before the public in successive
communications in the Gentleman's Magazine (xxxvii.
648 ; xxxviii. 10, &c.), is thought by the writer of the
Hollis Memoirs, to fix the deed on Walker with more
certainty than attends the evidence which would fix the
3'd S. II. AUG. 30, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
169
blood}' and evil deed on any other name. It consists of
recollected confessions in his dying moments, tradition
of a warrant having been sent for his apprehension,
which he escaped through the connivance of Mr. Spencer
of Atterclilfe, joined to the fact, that in the trials of the
persons who composed the court of justice, Walker was
several times mentioned as being the name of the man
who actually struck the blow." See An Exact and
Impartial Accompt of the Indictment, Sfc., of Twenty-nine
Regicides, 8vo, 1679, pp. 228, 272,1and 279.]
BASINGSTOKE CHAPEL. — The Holy Ghost Chapel
at Basingstoke, Hants, mentioned by your corre-
spondent (3rd S. ii. 45), is, I believe, now in ruins.
Can any of your readers furnish me with inform-
ation about this said edifice, when erected, &c. ?
J. B. R.
[The Holy Ghost Chapel was so called from its having
been connected with a guild of the" Holy Ghost, instituted
by Sir William Sandys, Knt.» afterwards first Lord Sandys,
and Fox, Bishop of Winchester, under a license from
Henry VIII. The fraternity was dissolved in the first of
Edward VI., and its possessions vested in the crown ; but
in the first of Philip and Mary, a brotherhood was again
established here, and the former possessions re-granted
for " the maintenance of a priest for the celebration of
Divine service, and for the instruction of the young men
and boys of the town of Basingstoke." About the com-
mencement of the reign of James I. the brotherhood be-
came extinct; and during the confusions of the Civil
Wars, the chapel estate was seized by the Parliament,
and the school shut up ; but through the care of Bishop
Morley, the estate was again restored, about the year
1670. " Mr. Carter, in the Gent. Mag. for Nov. 1802,
p. 1022, states that the style of the architecture of the
chapel appears of the time of Edward IV. ; but that it is
possible many of the carvings, with some shields of arms,
were added in the reign of Henry VIII., in consequence
of repairs or alterations then taking place. See also
Gent. Mag. for April, 1806, p. 306. In the year 1819, was
published at Basingstoke, The History of the Holy Ghost
Chapel at Basingstoke, and of the Brotherhood or Guild,
with curious Charters, 8vo.]
FAUSTUS, BISHOP OF RIEZ. — What is known of
"the learned Faustus, a native of Britain, who
became Bishop of Riez, in Provence," or, as some
have thought, of D61e, in the north of France ?
Where can his works be met with ? Are they in
print? F.
[St. Faustus, or Faustinus, was born A.D. 390, and
died about A.D. 485. His day, according to Bishop Tan-
ner, is Jan. 17 ; but, probably on account of his alleged
semi-pelagianism, lie does not appear under that date
either in Butler's Lives, or in the Acta Sanctorum, Ac-
cording to one authority, he was born in the province of
Bretagne; according to another, he was "Britannus;"
while a third styles him " Scotus," which may mean
either a Scotchman or an Irishman. He began the world
as an advocate, then became a monk, was made Abbot of
Levins (on the coast of Provence), and in 466 Bishop of
Riez (Episcopus Regiensis). He was esteemed one of
the most learned bishops of his time, and is said to have
been entrusted with the duty of revising the letters of
Sidonius Apollinaris. Faustus also wrote against the
notions entertained by some of the disciples of St. Augus-
tine, respecting predestination and reprobation. These
works are all inserted in the eighth volume of the Bibli-
otheca Patrum, and the principal of them are analysed
by Dupin. Some of his works are lost.]
WATER-MARKS ON PAPER. — Can you inform
me whether any description of the water-marks
on paper of an early date has been published ? I
find a great variety of these marks on old MSS.,
and possibly, when other indications fail, the date
of a treatise may be inferred through their means.
THOS. E. WINNING-TON.
[The late Samuel Sotheb}* was the first to direct the
attention of bibliographers to the historical interest at-
tached to the study of paper-marks. He has left the
result of his investigations in the two following works :
" The Typography of the Fifteenth Century : being Speci-
mens of the Productions of the Early Continental Prin-
ters, exemplified in a Collection of Fac- Similes from One
Hundred Works, together with Water-Marks. Arranged
and Edited from the Bibliographical Collections of the
late Samuel Sotheby, by his Son, S. Leigh Sotheby, fol.
1845." Consult also his 'Principia Typographica, fol. 1858,
vol. iii. which consists entirely of notices of Water-
Marks. Vide also " N. & Q." 1st S. ii. 310, 347 ; ix. 32,
41, 75 ; 2nd S. vi. 434, 491 ; vii. 110, 265 ; viii. 77.]
J. B. GREUZE (3rd S. ii. 147.) — I have seven
volumes or parts of a book by John Vinett, en-
titled Catalogue Raisonne of the Works of Painters.
At the end of the 7th part, published in 1836, it
is announced that Part vm. will contain, among
others, the works of Greuze. I do not know how
it happens that I have only these seven parts,
which I have had, I believe, twenty-five years ;
and I rather doubt whether the 8th part (which,
however, was to have been the last) ever appeared.
Some of your readers may know this.
LYTTELTON.
[Thanks to LORD LYTTELTON'S kindness, we are now
enabled to inform H. W. C. that an account of the works
of Jean Baptiste Greuze will be found in Smith's Catalo-
gue Raisonne", Part vni. (published in 1837), pp. 397-444.
It may be as well to add that, although Part vni. was
intended to be the last part, a ninth part, containing nearly
900 pages of supplementary information, was published in
1842.]
" EATING THE MAD Cow." — In the third part
of Victor Hugo's novel, Les Miserables, at -the be-
ginning of the first chapter of the fifth book, is this
sentence : —
" II mangea de cette chose inexprimable qu'on appelle
de la vache enragfe"
The italics are in the original. What is the
meaning and origin of the proverb ? Is there a
corresponding one in English ? ALLEN.
[" Manger de la vache enrage'e " (to eat the mad cow)
is a phrase applied by the French to persons who are re-
duced to extreme distress and misery. It is an allusion
to those who are impelled by want and hunger to eat
flesh unfit for human food, even if it be that of a cow that
has died of hydrophobia. In our own language we know
of no proverb equally revolting. We speak, indeed, of
"eating humble pie" and "eating the leek; " and when
we have beaten an electioneering opponent, we say that
we have "given him the ticket for soup."]
CORTE-REAL'S "NATJFRAGIO DE SEPULVEDA." —
Perhaps some reader of/' N. & Q," can inform me
170
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[.3">S. II. AUG.:
if there ia any translation into English or French
of O Naufrugio do Septdoeda, par Corte-Keal ?
W. M. M.
[A French translation was published by Carrier of
Paris in 1844, entitled " Xaufrage do Manoel de Souzade
Sepulveda et de Dona Lianor de So, I'oi'me I'ortutiais de
Hieronimo Corte-Keal, traduit pour la premiere fois par
Ortaire Fournier, auteur d'uue Traduetion des Lmiades."
8ro.]
STATUE OF KING GEORGE IN LEICESTER
SQUARE.
(3rd S. i. 227 ; ii. 150.)
In September, 1845, during an idle visit to
London, I one day made an outline sketch t)f the
king on horseback. Oa referring to this sketch,
I see that the group stood so as to look towards
the north, or higher side of the square, and that I
took the east side of the statue. The king is re-
presented as sitting low down in his saddle, his
body being very upright. His head is encom-
passed with a wreath of laurel. He wears a
breast-plate, and has plate armour, apparently, on
the right arm, the left not being visible in the
sketch. The right arm is extended downwards,
and held back almost beyond the body. The
hand seems originally to have grasped something,
afterwards lost. A scarf passes over the left'
shoulder, and is tied on the right side of the back.
There are breeches to the knee, with lace or braid
on the seam ; and buskins below, with the top
edge turned down, so as to show a small portion of
the leg. The feet are disagreeably square ; by
which I mean that the toes do not hang down,
like those of George IV. in Trafalgar Square.
There are two square saddle-cloths, under a
square saddle. The horse is walking ; the off
fore leg being lifted, and the hoof of the near hind
leg placed on a stone or lump, according to a most
uuartistic practice. A horse has always got three
feet on the ground, by which he stands on a tri-
angular base ; and he does not lift one foot up,
until he is in the act of putting another down.
It is remarkable that even in the present day, or
within recent times, both painters and sculptors of
repute represent horses on two legs, standing
diagonally on one hind leg and the opposite or
contrary fore leg. The tail flows long, and is
tied round with a fillet somewhat below the mid-
dle. The pedestal resembles that on which stands
George III. in Pall Mall East, though not so
plain. The sides and ends are ornamented with
subjects in relievo. The ends have something
like shields, charged with masses of fruit, seen in
profile in the sketch. The east side bears a
Roman breast-plate and helmet, flanked by two
circular shields ; and backed by the tops of spears,
flags, or other trophies of war. Every one will
agree with DR. RIMUAULT (3tJ S. ii. 150), 'that
this statue ought to be rescued from its i
degradation, repaired, and re-erected i!' p >-Mblu.
Indeed, it appears to me that it ought to become
royal property. P. HUTCH;
I cannot help thinking that DR. RIMIIAUI.T
using somewhat sharp practice with a poor " r
writer " in comparing a haphazard passage in
magazine article with the well-weighed st "
ments in works of such moment, and ,sueh g<
ral accuracy, as J. T. Smith's Streets of ~
and Peter Cunningham's Handbook. The article
on Leicester Square now forming part of the
contents of Gaslight and Daylight was originally
written for Household Words, ten years since, on
a sick bed in Germany, posted the same night, and
printed without revision by the author. 1 honestly
confess that I have no printed authority for
statement that the statue was placed in the sq
by George II. beyond a vague impression fi
mention in some out-of-the-way book, the n
of which I had forgotten, that such was the c
As my dim memory served me, the story was
that the statue at Canons was originally that of
George I. ; but that it was furbished up, and
altered to pass for George II. when, about 1736 or
1737, Leicester Fields were " improved " in
5
Leicester Square. There had been precedents fo
such artistic " vamping " and " clobbering." Di
not Jacob Tonson incite the engraver of the plates
to Dryden's Virgil to aggravate the nasal promon-
tory of the son of Anchises into the similitude of
William III.'s nose ? Did not a loyal lord mayor,
Sir Robert Viner, I think, once set up an eques-
trian statue of his gracious sovereign in the Stocks
Market, which statue was originally intended for
John Sobieski, King of Poland, trampling on a
prostrate Turk; and, in the "vamped" edition, did
not the Turk pass muster for Oliver Cromwell ?
One cannot banish these vague impressions from
the mind ; and I still adhere to the notion that the
statue in Leicester Square was made to do duty
as George II. ; but, please to remember that my
paper in Gaslight and Daylight was written in
haste, away from home, without books or notes,
and that the journal in which it appeared made no
pretensions to antiquarian accuracy.
GEORGE AUGUSTUS SAL A.
Reform Clnb.
DE L'ISLE OR DE INSULA FAMILY.
(S'd S. ii. 66.)
The most authentic sources of informati
the case of the family of De Insula, or De risk-,
or Warren de 1'Isle are, it appears to me, the
Heralds' Visitations themselves for the counties
Hants and Dorset, Dugdale's Baronage, Banks1
toi
rd S. U. AUG. 31),
NOTES AND QUERIES.
171
I | Extinct Peerage, Burke's Extinct Peerage (title,
"L'lsle, Barons de 1'Isle"), Burke's numerous
. heraldic publications, Collins' s Peerage, edited by
Sir Egerton Brydires, Nicolas's Report of the Lords
Proceedings on the Claim to the Barony of de
I Me; VVorsley's Hir.tory of the Isle of Wight;
Cleaveland's Genealogical History of the Noble
Family of Courtenay ; the MSS. in the archives
ot the noble and gentle houses of Cholmondeley,
Courtenay, and Oglander ; and Mr. Bond's * MSS.
so often referred to by Hutchins in his History
of this county. I think your correspondent will
also find Sims's Index to Pedigrees and Arms con-
tained in the Heralds' Visitations, and other ge-
nealogical MSS. in the British Museum, of very
great use to him.
In Hutchins's Tree of the High-born Norman
Race of Oglander (vol. i. p, 270), it is stated that
Sir Henry Oglander, Knight, circa tempore Ed-
ward II., wedded Mary, daughter of Sir Bartho-
lomew 1'Isle, Knight ; and I find the following
•i important note bearing on the subject : —
" The family of the Lisles, who take their sirnaq^e
from their habitation in the Isle of Wight, were in an-
tient times Barons of Parliament and Peers of this realm.
Woddeton, now called Wotton in the said island, was the
capital seat of their barony, and Galfrid de Insula their
ancestor was lord thereof at the time of William the
Conqueror. Bartholomew Lisle, whose daughter Mary
\ married Sir Henry Oglander, Knight, lies buried in
: Thruxton church, Hants, with Elizabeth his wife, daugh-
ter of Hugh Courtney, Earl of Devon."
With respect to the De Warren family, permit
me to remark, that William Warren, first Earl of
Warren and Surrey, was not the Conqueror's
brother-in-law, but his son-in-law. The most
learned authorities differ much as to the question,
whether or not he was any relation of the Nor-
man Duke. Dugdale, in his Baronage (tome i.
p. 74), says : " Lady Gundred (wife of William
de Warren, Earl of Surrey), was sister of Gher-
bode, a Fleming, to whom King William the First
had given the Earldom and City of Chester," and
there is a marginal reference to Ord. Vit. There
are two most excellent and valuable pedigrees of
the line of De Warren in the first volume of
Manning and Bray's; Surrey. In one of these
charts is the following note (vol. i. p. 483, n.) : —
"Dugdale, from Ord. Vitalis, calls this Gundred sister
of Gherbode a Fleming ; but the Earl, her husband, in his
charter for founding the Priory of Lewes, calls her the
daughter of Queen Matilda. See also Speed, &c."
I have the greatest respect for Sir William Dug-
dale's talents and learning, but I cannot forbear
saying that, after Hornby's able exposure of the
numerous mistakes and inaccuracies in his work,
every statement of Dugdale's ought to be received
with extreme caution, and that indeed every thing
he has written requires confirmation.
* Alice Lady 1'Isle was maternally descended from the
Bonds of Grange.
I have not any information in my possession
bearing on the descent of the De 1'Isles of Upway.
Mr. William Clapcot 1'Isle of Upway married the
Honourable Hester Cholmondeley, granddaughter
of the third Lord Cholmondeley. It seems im-
possible that a noble lady of the Cholmondeley
family should, with the sanction of her illustrious
house in the middle of the eighteenth century
(when birth was yet reverenced in England), have
given her fair hand to a person who had not in his
veins the blood of princes and nobles ! Conse-
quently, I conclude that the L'Isles of Upway
were well-born, and members of the order of the
aristocracy.
The name of " Warine de 1'Isle " is often to be
met with in Burke's Extinct Peerage. " Warren "
having been the Christian name of one of the
L'Isles of Upway, the presumption is that they
were a branch of the baronial race.
THOMAS PARR HENNING.
Leigh House, Wimborne.
SHAKESPEARE MUSIC; DR. JOHN WILSON;
ROBERT JOHNSON.
(3rd S. ii. 42.)
If it could be shown that settings exist of
" Full fathom five," and "Where the bee sucks,"
by a musician contemporary with Shakespeare
(Robert Johnson), a certain interest would at-
tach to the fact. Those who read Dr. Burney's
History, a great authority upon musical things,
might suppose that the compositions alluded to
are not extant, and must conclude that Dr. John
Wilson was the composer of what I imagine to be
Eobert Johnson's settings of the above-named
songs. I wish to offer reasons for thinking that
Dr. Burney has fallen into a mistake (a very
natural one, however), in this matter. I will first
quote the Doctor's own words, which will be
found in a note at p. 335, vol. iii. of his History :
"(Of) The Songs in this Play (The Tempest), Dr.
Wilson, who reset and published two of them, tells us,
in his Court Ayres or Ballads, published at Oxford, 1660,
that Full fathom five, and Where the bee sucks, had been
first set by Robert Johnson, a composer cotemporary with
Shakespeare."
In the British Museum is a copy of Dr. Wil-
son's work, which is in three volumes, the first
and second vols. being given to the first and
second soprano parts, and [the third to the base.
The title of the work is —
" Cheerful Ayres (not Court Ayres), or Ballads first
composed for one single voice, and since set for three
voices."
I will now give the exact, words of Dr. Wilson
himself, in his Preface to this work : —
" Some few of these Ayres were originally composed
by those whose names are affixed to them, but are here
placed, as being new set by the Author of the rest,"
172
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3r<1 P. II. A
Upon examining Dr. Wilson's work it will be
found that there are three airs with the name of
Robert Johnson affixed to them, and two airs
with that of Nicholas Laniere. All the rest
have Dr. Wilson's own name. When I saw what
it was that Dr. Wilson really did say, it seemed
to me that his phrase new set, did not mean, as
Dr. Burney apparently conceived (and as it would
mean now), newly composed, but newly arranged,
or harmonized. That is, the air of another com-
poser taken, and arranged for three voices, by
Dr. Wilson. A priori, it seemed to be very un-
likely, that if Dr. Wilson had newly composed
these five songs, that he should put the names of
Robert Johnson and Nicholas Laniere to them,
simply because they also had once composed the
same words. Afterwards, this high probability,
that Dr. Wilson, by set merely meant arranged,
seemed to be raised into something like certainty
by examining his title-page more carefully. (The
italics are mine.) —
"Cheerful Ayres, or Ballads, first composed for one
single voice, and since set for three voices."
Thus it would appear that the work consists of
what we should now call Songs, harmonized for
three voices, and that Dr. Wilson retained, to five
out of some seventy songs, the names of Robert
Johnson and of Nicholas Laniere, for the very
simple reason that the melodies were theirs.
" Where the bee sucks," in its three-voiced
form, is to be found in Playford's Musical Com-
panion (1672), with Dr. Wilson's name to it, and
on that authority I assigned it to the Doctor in
the first of these papers on " Shakespeare Music."*
I now offer the present view as to Robert John-
son's claim, for the consideration of musical anti-
quaries. ALFRED ROFFE.
Somers Town.
DOLMETSCHER.
(3rd S. ii. 98.)
Grimm, in his Germ. diet. s. v. Dolmetsch, a less
common form of the same word, says that it was
borrowed from the Slavonic as far back as the end
of the thirteenth cent., and quotes the equiv.
Russ. tolmatch, Pol. tlumacz (pron. tlumatch) , and
Hung, tolmdts (pron. tolmatch}. These forms agree
very closely with the Old Germ, forms given by
Grimm, viz., tulmach, tolmecz, tulmetz, tulmetsch,
dulmetsch, &c., and have, without doubt, a com-
mon origin. Still, if we examine Russian, Polish,
and Hungarian diet., we shall, I think, find that
the equiv. for Dolmetsch have not taken firmer
root in these three lang. than Dolmetsch itself has
in Germ. ; and that in all of them the word is ge-
nerally used = interpreter in its strictest sense,
i. e., = a person who helps another by translating
2"« S. viii. 285.
for him vivd-voce * from one lang. into another ;
and that, as holds true also of the verbs derived
from it, it is but rarely used in a figurative sense.
In other words, our interpreter, and more espe-
cially our verb, to interpret, are much more
rendered in the lang. above mentioned by
metsch, dolmetschen, and their equivalents,
they are by such words as Ausleger, Erkli
auslegen, erkliiren, deuten, &c., and their
lents. Hence I would conclude that the
not at home in any of these lang., and tl
therefore neither of Slavonic nor of Hungj
(i. e. Turanian) origin, but that it has been :
duced into these families from without, jt
Dolmetsch has confessedly been into German,
deed, I do not understand why Grimm calls the
word Slavonic, since, for anything he shows to the
contrary, it might just as well have been borrowed
from the Hungarian, a member of an entirely dif-
ferent family.
Now there is a Semitic root, signifying to inter-
pret, and, as it would seem, nearly always f in thn
restricted sense assigned to the equivalents of in-
terpreter in the four lang. already quoted (i.
translator), and from this root, from which
modern European languages have confessedly
rowed words signifying interpreter, I would
derive Dolmetsch. I allude to the Chald.
or DjnFI (tirgaym or targaym), Arab. *s>-
jama), to interpret, Syr., .ZEthiop., Pers., and Ti
very nearly the same, and from this root we
the Chald. jOJO-in (turg(h)eman), Arab.
(turjeman, tarjemun, or tirjeman), interpreter,
Ital. turcimunno (pron. toorchimanno), Span, tn
jaman, Port, trugimao, or trugiman, Fr. droguema i
drogman, trucheman, or truchement, and our drag>
man. J
In the Span., Port., Fr., and Eng. forms it w
be noticed that a transposition has taken place
the first syll., the r having usurped the place
* This is allowed by Grimm to be true of the Rn
lang., although he draws no inference from it. He sa
that " in Russia the tohnatches, who interpret viva
are distinguished from the perevodchiks, who make w
translations." In other words, perevodchik and its v« :
perevodit', are the ordinary equivalents of our interprt i
and to interpret.
j- Targaym in Chald. would seem always to mean to
terpret = to translate from one lang. into another, whetl
the translation be oral or written; but the noun tiirg^h^en
is in the Targwn (the Chald. transL of the Bible) once o I
twice used fig. Thus in Exod. iv. 16. where the Heb. i a
" he shall be to thee instead of a mouth," in the Targ. .v
have " he shall be to thee (for) a turg(h)eman," i. e., an n-j
terpreter, and so again in Exod. vii. 1, instead of iheproj V-
of the A. V. In Arab, too both the verb and the sul s
seem to be chiefly, if not entirely, used in their strict i ti j
literal meaning.
J In all these subst. whatever follows the m is mei •!
termination and not root Thus in dragoman, dragm :
root, and an termination.
S. II. AUG. 30, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
173
the vowel which originally separated it from the
'•( (or (/), and a similar transposition will be noticed
on comparing the Russ. and Pol. forms given
above. This is an argument, if but a feeble one,
in favour of my derivation.* But let us see how
the root targaym, or rather tarjam\ may have
become, say, tolmatch, the Russ. equiv. of Dol-
metsch. The transformation is by no means dif-
ficult. Change r into I in the first syll., and
transpose the _/ and the m of the last syll. and we
.have talmaj ; and this, by exchanging the first a
• for o (comp. the Eng. dr&goman and the Fr. drag-
man), becomes tolmaj, which, pronounced tolmadge,
very closely resembles the Russ. form.
It is true that I can show no other example in
which the r of tarjam is known to have become an
j /, or in which the last syll. jam, has been reversed
into maj, but I do not think these changes are so
violent as to bear their condemnation with them.
Who would say that our ewer came from the Lat.
aqua ? yet it indisputably does.
The equiv. for Dolmetsch and dolmetschen, in
•j Low Germ, and Dutch, are folk, (ver) tolken, in
' Dan. folk, tolke, in Swed. talk, tolka, and in Ice-
J land, tulkr, tulka, whilst in Lithuan. we find both
tlumaczim (like the Pol.), 'and tulkas, the verb
', being tulkoju. Now, is it possible that these words
,i and targam (as the Arab, tarjam is pronounced in
' Egypt), are connected ? Targam might as before
' become tolgam, and this, tolkam, when, by leaving
out the m, which might well be looked upon as a
mere termination, we should have tolka, the Swed.
I verb. I should be sorry to insist upon this de-
! rivation, though the following Old Germ, lines
• quoted by Grimm, seem to afford some slight sup-
, port to it. The lines are :
" tolmetsch, vernimz,
wilt du uns tiutsch J verdolken ? "
At all events, the root folk seems to be con-
nected with our talk.
In conclusion, I may mention that some etymo-
logists (see Menage) have been so far led astray
by the Ital. form turcimanno as to reject the Arab,
or Chald. derivation and to maintain that the
word is derived from the Ital. turco (our Turk)
and so = iurcoman, because the first dragomans
were employed at the Porte. Similarly, compar-
ing the Fr. drogueman, they would ascribe the same
origin to the Fr. drogues (our drugs) and droguet
* Thus there is really considerable resemblance be-
tween the Pol. tlumatch (as pronounced), and the radical
part of the Span, trujaman and the Fr. trucJieman, viz.
tmjam and truchem (or, if we reverse the last syll., trumaj,
trume(t)ch, — certainly much more than between the Fr.
reglisse and the Eng. liquorice, which are yet undoubtedly
different forms of the same word.
t Tarjam, because it is probable that the mod. deriva-
tives were taken from the Arab, (very likely through the
Turkish), rather than from the Chaldee.
1 i. e., Deutsch.
(our druggef). But I needly hardly attempt to
refute these derivations, especially the first.
F. CHANCE.
THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON AND LADY HOL-
LAND (3rd S. ii. 108, 155.) — My informant could
not well be mistaken, for I had this anecdote from
the late Marchioness Wellesley, who assured me
that the words were addressed to her by Lady
Holland, and that the Duke was present, and
overheard them, which led him to make known
his wish and his surprise to the Marchioness, in
the words given in my former communication. I
could mention the very day and year when Lady
Wellesley told me this, for I made a note of it
immediately. F. C. H.
DEATH FROM WOUNDING THE FINGER WITH A
NEEDLE (3rd S. ii. 126.) — Maria Wentworth,
daughter of the Earl of Cleveland, died some year
toward the end of the sixteenth century, in con-
sequence of pricking her finger with a needle,
while making up child-bed linen for the poor ;
and Carew, who wrote her epitaph, alludes to this
circumstance in the opening triplet with a certain
quaint and pensive grace : —
" And here the precious dust is laid,
Whose purely tempered clay was made
So fine, that it the dust betrayed."
Some twenty-five years ago, I deciphered with
some trouble the epitaph on her monument in a
village church near Woburn, in Bedfordshire.
The roof over it was then broken ; and the monu-
ment, which displayed fine artistic taste, was all
discoloured and covered with debris and mould.
Some correspondent of "N. & Q." can tell
whether this church, with its monuments, has
been since -restored. I cannot call the name to
mind;* but at thetime^ofmy visit, the incumbent
of the parish was the Rev. Burke Lewis, long
since deceased. J. L. (Royal Dublin Society.)
BOOKS CARRIED TO CHURCH IN A WHITE NAP-
KIN BY FEMALES (3rd S. ii. 100.) — The REV. S.
F. CRESWELL asks (in the " Notices to Correspon-
dents") for references to this custom. In A.D. 447,
it was forbidden in the Western Church to women
to receive the Sacrament with the bare hand, and
they were obliged to provide themselves with white
linen cloths to receive the same with. Vide Battley's
JZccles. Digest., p. 37. JAMES KNOWLES.
The following may assist in deciding whether
the custom be local, sacramental, or merely for
ornament and vanity.
In the picture gallery of the International Ex-
hibition, Swedish school, are these two pictures : —
" Nordenburg, B.
" 1380. The Celebration of the Lord's Supper in a
Swedish Country Church. . . . National Gallery, Chris-
tiania."
[* Toddington.]
174
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"«S. II. A i <.. o<i, '62.
Here a little gir], with white handkerchief
round her book, assists in leading an old or blind
man to Communion.
" Hocktrt, Johan Fredrick.
" 1389. Girl of the Parish of Kiittvik, in Dalccarlia,
going to Church. . . . Beyer, E*q."
This girl is grown up, and has a peacock's
feather stuck in her book, which is wrapped in a
white handkerchief with a red stripe near its
edge. S. F. CRESWBLL.
The School, Durham.
" To COTTON TO" (3H S. it. 10, 75.)— The dis-
cussion of this phrase suggests to me that the
Glossaries (such, at least, as I have at hand,) do
not recognise the phrase, " to cotton on, or of," in
the sense of recovering from a disease. "You'll
cotton on it," was a very familiar phrase in my
native district, Rutland ; and I dare say is so
still. This sense is akin to that of " prospering,"
or "succeeding." which is illustrated by Mr.
Wright in his Glossary. S. C.
GBEAT SCIENTIFIC TEACHER (3rd S. ii. 104,
138.) — Your correspondent confirms my opinion,
that Professor Mansel (Aids to Faith, p. 37,) re-
fers to Comte. But I am at a loss to understand
what title Comte has to the above designation of
a " Great Scientific Teacher." After an attentive
perusal of his works, I can find no evidence of
great scientific attainments, nor does he make any
profession except that of philosophy, which in
France is equivalent to metaphysics and mental
philosophy. It is true he has for the purposes of
his system, surveyed all the departments of " in-
ductive science." His merit consists, like that of
Aristotle and Bacon, in an attempt to withdraw
philosophy from loose generalities in the abstract
to positive facts in the concrete. The philoso-
phical schools which he attacks are the German
and Scotch ; where words, ill-defined and obscure,
form the materiel of thought, instead of objective
phenomena as the materiel of subjective reflection.
Apart from the infidelity of Comte, which is
doubtless most objectionable, the inference which
I deduce from his criticism on astronomy, is, that
he supposes be has discovered ojuapr^/xaTo, errors,
in the physical world — a counterpart to a^opr^-
fiaro, sins, in the moral world. His supposition is,
however, erroneous ; and it appears to me to
arise from his observing that the astronomical
phiiMiomriia do not coincide with calculation.
This is a hysteron-proteron, for the error is not in
the phenomena, but in the calculus, which mea-
sures the phenomena ; and which, however nearly
it may approximate to the truth, is not absolutely
exact ; and, also, in the omission of equations of
disturbing causes as yet undiscovered or unas-
certained. Had Comte devoted a tithe of the
time bestowed by Newton to theoretical and prac-
tical astronomy, he would probably have been as
ready to admit that the advance in astronomic
knowledge was very limited, compared with " tl
immense ocean of truth which extended itself un-
explored before him" (Life of Newton, L. I.. K.,
p. 37) ; and that, whatever merit attaches to the
pioneers in astronomy, the " heavens still de-
clare the glory of God." The admission by Comte
of phrenology amongst the sciences is proof, I
think, of his imperfect appreciation of the term
science, and of his defect of logical acumen.
n K
Whether he " is Auguste Comte," remains
to be proved. Mr. Lewes's book, from which
" one sentence" is quoted by S. F., is an original
digest, or mere apercu, of M. Cointe's bulky work,
which is in several volumes octavo. J. P.
DR. JOHNSON ON PUNNING (3rd S. i. 371, 498 ;
ii. 30, 72.) — I do not believe that the remark in
question was ever made by Dr. Johnson. The
only allusion to punning which I find in Boswell
is as follows : —
" Talking of puns, Johnson, •who had a great contempt
for that species of wit, deigned to allow that there was
one good pun in Menayiana, I think on the word
corps : —
" Madame de Bourdonne, Chanoinessc de Eemiremont,
vcnoil d'entendre uu discours plein de feu et d'esprit,
mais fort pen solide, et tres irregulier. Une de sea amies,
qui y prenoit interet pour 1'orateur, lui dit en sortant:
•Eh bien, Madame, que vous semble-t-il de ce que voua
venez d'entendre? Qu'il a d'esprit?' 'II y tant,' repon-
dit Madame de Bourdonne, ' que je n'y ai pas vu de
corps.' (Menagiana, tome ii. p. 64, Amoterd., 1713)." —
Bosireirs Johnson, vol. ii. p. 156, Ingrain's edit.
I remember, many years ago, reading an anec-
dote of Johnson's dislike to punning, and his
witty rejoinder to an observation of Boswell's
thereupon ; but as " N. & Q." had then no exist-
ence, I did not " make a note on," and the source
of the anecdote has passed away from my memory.
The story was told in the following way : —
" Sir," said Johnson, " I hate a pun. A man
who would perpetrate a pun, would have little
hesitation in picking a pocket." Upon this, Bos-
well hinted that his "illustrious" friend's dislike
to this species of small wit might arise from his
inability to play upon words. " Sir," roared
Johnson, " if I were punish-ed for every pun I
shed, there would not be left a puny shed of my
punnish head." JOHN PAVIN PHILLIPS.
Haverfordwest.
WILD CATTLE (3rd S. ii. 48.) — Your corre
spondent WM. DOBSON is right in his conjecture
with regard to the wild ox being still found at
Chartley Castle. The park of Chartley was sepa-
rated in the thirteenth century by William de
Ferrariis from Neeclwood Forest. The whole of
the enclosure, about 1,000 acres, remains even now
almost in its primitive state ; and therein roams
at leisure a herd of wild oxen, which retain their
original characteristics like those at Chillingham.
S. II. AUG. 30, '62. ]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
175
The red deer ((?. elaphus) is also preserved there.
A remnant, doubtless, like the former, of the
ancient stock of Needwood Forest. W. I. S. H.
BISHOPS IN WAITING (2nd S. vii. 359 ; 3rd S. ii.
138.) — It is true that the question has not been
answered, and I rather think because reflecting
persons see a difficulty. Will your correspondent
J. A. PN. be so kind as to give his, or any autho-
rity, for broadly saying that ''all bishops" as
such, take precedence of barons of the realm ?
Bishops having a seat in the House of Lords, and
summoned thereto by writ, have, as Spiritual
Lords of Parliament, a precedence over barons by
virtue of a special Act of Parliament, 31 Hen. VIII.
If all bishops have the precedence, of course
colonial and all other bishops must be included ;
but what gives the Bishop of Sodor and Man any
such precedence, except to be included in the
general assertion that all bishops have precedence
of barons ? The Prelates of Gloucester, Bristol,
Peterborough, Oxford, and Chester, sit by virtue
of writs directed to them to sit in the House of
Lords, and therefore included by the Act of
31 Hen. VIII.
The Irish bishops sit in the House of Lords, in
rotation, in pursuance of the provisions of the Act
of Union, and are in the same position as Irish
and Scotch representative peers. The Scotch peers
have no Parliamentary recognition.
Upon what authority does the assertion rest,
that a bishop is a Spiritual peer, whether he has
a seat in the House of Lords or not ?
The answer to the long neglected Query is by
no means satisfactory to the Querist I should
think.
The prefix of " Lord" is very decidedly given
by your correspondent to a bishop, whether he
has a seat in the House of Lords or not ; but that
attribute in cases of colonial bishops may require
confirmation. I believe that when the Bishop of
London (Bloomfield) resigned his prelacy, he was
only styled " Bishop Blooinfield." J. R.
WEEPING AMONG THE ANCIENTS (3rd S. i.
132.) — W. B. J., adverting to "the abundant
weeping among the ancients," observes : " Tears
of modern heroes are scarcely ever described by
poets, or recorded by historians." Is not this an
overstatement of the difference between the an-
cients and moderns ? My impression is, that
abundant weeping by men has disappeared not
from all modern, but only from quite recent
literature. It is prevalent up to the time of
Shakspeare inclusive ; prevalent, not to say uni-
versal, in books of all kinds and countries. The
singularity, as compared with recent manners and
literature, has long struck me. W. M. ROSSETTI.
OLD PAINTING OP THE REFORMERS (3rd S. ii.
87.) — I have one half of a curious but coarse en-
graving, which has no doubt been taken from
such a painting as that described by your corre-
spondent H. C. F. (Herts). It contains only seven
ot' the fourteen portraits, namely, Luther, Zuingle,
Knox, Melancthon, Zanch, Bullinger, and Huss ;
with a cardinal, bull, and pope below. On the
table we read : " The candle is lighted." And
lower down : " We cannot blow " On a
label in the upper part of the engraving, is —
" Maugre all Romish, Hellish, Spanish Spight,
Truth's Caudle faire shall allways burne most bright."
It is not unlikely that H. C. F. may find it
mentioned in some list of engravings, and thus be
led to the painter of his picture. M. D.
CATAMARAN (3rd S. ii. 139.)— The "catamaran "
of Madras beach is made of three pieces of timber
tacked together. This frail craft is only used
for conveying a " chit " or letter, though often
they also carry fruit, and even sucking-pigs and
live birds (quail I have often seen), as a venture,
for sale on board vessels anchoring in the roads.
They seldom carry more than two men, and these
are clad in the scantiest possible manner, viz.
with a Jig leaf! (of cloth) and a conical hat, in
which they put the letters confided to their care.
They go to and fro through the tremendous never-
subsiding surf in almost any weather. The "gatta
marina " alludes to the many lives of a cat, and
not to " puss " hersdf taking to the water.
A. L.
POLITICAL COLOURS (3rd S. ii. 1361) — Acting
upon the hint of A. F. B., I enclose an extract
showing the political colours of the borough of
Preston : —
" Now that the use of flags, banners, party-coloured
ribbons, and other such favours are forbidden at elections,
it may not be amiss to place on record the colours adopted
by the different parties in times gone by, when expendi-
ture on such exciting items was so large, being next to the
cost of ' open houses,' the heaviest charge a candidate had
to pay. The Tory party sported favours of dark blue, the
partisans of the house of Stanley [Whig] orange, and the
Independent Liberal party, green. When Hunt was a can-
didate, his friends adopted red as their colour." — History
of the Parliamentary Representation of Preston, by William
Dobson.
PHESTONIENSIS.
TOADS IN ROCKS (3rd S. ii. 5£.) — I saw a week
or two since in the International Exhibition a
large block of coal cSntaining a hole into which
a man might thrust his fingers, and from which
the toad spoken of in your pages is said to have
been taken. As I was not able to discover the
corresponding surface, it was impossible to see
whether the orifice was completely closed, or whe-
ther it was a mere fissure into which the toad
(having some way got into the mine) had crept.
The animal itself was exhibited in a bottle. To
me it looked like a starved and diseased frog more
than a toad. There must be scores of scientific
176
NOTES AND QUERIES.
S. II, AUG. 30, '£
naturalists in London quite able to pronounce
upon its species, if it be still living. P. P.
INSCRIPTION AT TIVOLI (2nd S. xii. 521.) —
"TIBCRTIHA MVM.II VOPI8CL
" Cernere facundi Tibur glaciate Vopisci
Si quis, et inserto geminos Aniene penates,
Aut potuit socie commercia noscere ripie,
Certantesque sibi dominum defendere villas;
Ilium nee calido latravit Sinus aatro.
Nee gravis aspexit Nemees frondentis alumnus ;
Talis hiems tectis, frangunt sic improba solem
Frigora, Piseoque domus non eatuat anno."
Statii Syh. L. i. EC. iil.
Amiens.
FlTZ HOPKINS.
DESTRUCTION OF SEPULCHRAL MONUMENTS (3rd
S. i. 17, 119, 218.) — The following instance oc-
curs in a common, though little known book : —
" A few years ago I was in Ireland. One of the me-
morable scenes which were visited by me on that occa-
sion, was a spot interspersed with ruins, called the Seven
Churches, in the county of Wicklow. It is a vale, en-
closed on every side with rocks and hanging woods, and
seems entirely cut off from the rest of the world. At the
further end (for it is accessible only in one point) is the
smooth expanse of a lake, and by climbing along a nar-
row and irregular path which fringes the overhanging
rock, you may arrive, at the hazard every moment of
being precipitated into the water below, at St Cavan's
Bed, an excavation in the rock, with a couch, or seat,
running the whole length of the cave, where the saint
was accustomed to sleep, and which has the virtue, if
resorted to by a pregnant woman on the anniversary of
the saint, of securing her a safe and easy delivery. The
ruins at the nearer end of the valley, instead of seven,
appear to have belonged to thirteen or fourteen inde-
pendent buildings. As you enter the valley, they are on
your left hand. When I was there, the unoccupied space
on the right was covered with a small camp. I conversed
with the officers, and found that they had taken up most
of the flat gravestones with which the valley abounded,
to make a pavement in front of the principal tents. They
complained that the superstitious vulgar were offended
with this proceeding of theirs as a sacrilege, and I own
that my feelings were, nearly in unison with those of the
superstitious vulgar. I did not stay, nor had I sufficient
practice in this species of decyphering, to make out the
half-effaced inscriptions on these stones, which were
doubtless of extraordinary antiquity." — Essay on Sepul-
chres, by William Godwin, 1809, p. 44
GRIME.
THE EARTH A LIVING CREATURE (3rd S. ii. 125.)
The great astrologer and astronomer Kepler (born
1571, died 1630), actually ^nd literally professed
to believe that the earth was an enormous living
animal, and he has enumerated the analogies he
recognised between its habits, and those of men
and other animals, of which the following are ex-
amples : —
"The earth sometimes appears lazy and obstinate, and
another time (after important and long-continued
configuration) she becomes exasperated, and gives way
to her passion, even without the continuation of aspects
*or m fact the earth is not an animal like a dog, ready
t every nod; but more like a bull, or an elephant, slow
to become angry, and so much the more furious when in-
censed."
" If any one, who has climbed the peaks of the highest
mountains, throw a stone down their very deep clefts,
a sound is heard from them; or if he throw it into one
of the mountain lakes, which beyond doubt are bottom-
less, a storm will immediately arise, just as wl<
thrust a straw into the ear or nose of a ticklish animak.
it shakes its head, or runs shuddering away. What so
like breathing, especially of those fish who draw water
into their mouths, and spout it out again through their
gills, as that wonderful tide! For, although it is so re-
gulated according to the course of the moon, that, in the
preface to my Commentaries on Mars, I have mentioned
it as probable that the waters are attracted by the moon
as iron is by the loadstone ; yet, if any one uphold that
the earth regulates its breathing according to the motion
of the sun and moon, as animals have daily and nightly
alternations of sleep and waking, I shall not think his
philosophy unworthy of being listened to ; especially if
any flexible parts should be discovered in the depths of
the earth to supply the functions of lungs or gills." —
Harmonics Mundi, lib. iv. Lincii, 1619. See Life of
Kepler (L.'jU. K.), p. 40, and list of his published works.
T. J. BUCKTON.
Lichfield.
CHURCH USED BY CHURCHMEN AND ROMAN CA-
THOLICS (3rd S. i. 427.) — In the north-east corner
of Lancashire, not very far from Clitheroe, is a little
village called Mitton. In its church an old Roman
Catholic family, the Sherburnes of Stoneyhurst,
anciently worshipped ; and, it is said, in some way
enlarged the church for their own convenience.
When Stoneyhurst Hall became Stoneyhurst Col-
lege, the new occupants laid claim to that portion
of the church built by the Sherburnes, and, as
my informant saitb, altercations sometimes ran
very high. The account, as I give it you, came
from the sexton. J. E. S.
NEPHRITIC STONE (3rd S. ii. 28.) — With refer-
ence to the inquiry respecting the above, perhaps
the following may be interesting : — Fen ton, in his
History of Pembrokeshire, speaking of a small
stone hatchet which had been discovered, says,
" It was most likely worn as an amulet or orna-
ment, being composed of a species of marble or
inferior gem, known by the name of Lapis Ne-
phriticus Germanorum, clouded with different
colours," &c. In a foot note he says, " This is a
stone found in several parts of Germany, particu-
larly Bohemia, but it abounds in South America."
— Cf. Boot, De Gemmis.
Some fine specimens of nephrite are the war
hatchets of the New Zealanders. It is known
also by the name of the Amazon Stone, and is
found on the banks of the Oronooko. J. B. R.
CACHE-CACHE (3rd S. ii. 149.) — It is odd that
the reply to this query does not notice one of the
most popular songs ever written, — " The Mistletoe
Bough " of Thomas Haynes Bayly, which must be
known by heart by many readers of" N. & Q."
Probably some of your readers can tell the
date of the first appearance of this song. My im-
3rd S. II. AUG. 30, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
177
pression is that it was since 1830, the date of
Rogers' s Italy; and that it is imitated from the
Ginevra of that poem, noticed in the reply, with
which it is substantially identical.
Rogers, in his notes, mentions that the legend
is attributed to some English houses, as Bayly has
done. LTTTELTON.
MARAUDER (3rd S. ii. 105.) — On the road (the
old carriage road, not the railway) from Achen to
Cologne, not very many miles from Achen, is an
extensive wood ; in that wood will be found a fine
old chateau, called Merode. It was formerly quite
concealed from the road by the thick wood, or,
perhaps, more, correctly speaking, forest. It had
the reputation of possessing a brigand for its
owner. The persons who made expeditions with
the owner from this chateau were called Meroders,
and were marauders. I was there many years
ago. F. FITZ HENRY.
WORDS DERIVED FROM PROPER NAMES (3rd S.
ii. 139.) — We contribute the following list of such
words : — Macintosh, Bluchers, Wellingtons, Al-
berts, M'Adam (stone), Minie (rifle), Guillotine,
"Sally Lunns," Tontine, "Bobby" and "Peeler"
(slang for a policeman), Devonport, Derrick (for
raising sunken ships), Isabelle (colour), Philippics,
Jeremiade, Algebra, Spencer, Sandwich, Van-
dalism, Bayonet, Morocco. A. H. G. DORAN.
Folkestone.
ROOD LOFTS (3rd S. ii. 126.) — Remains of these
screens or galleries may still be seen in many
churches in England ; they have a projecting top,
divide the nave from the chancel, were made for
the reception of images, and are so called from the
rood or cross which stood in front looking towards
the nave. Their introduction into England was
probably in the early part of the fourteenth cen-
tury, or coeval with the rise of the decorated Eng-
lish, and it is to this period in ecclesiastical
architecture that we must look for them ; the pre-
cise date, however, is uncertain.
In Beverley minster we find remains of a rood
loft behind the wooden screen of more recent
date; this rood loft we at once recognise as be-
longing to the decorated style, though the general
feature of the edifice is early English, with some
decorated and perpendicular additions. In the
remains of this rood loft we have all the delicate
ornament, flowing tracery, and intricate workman-
ship of the decorated period ; or, to speak more
exactly, of a few years later than that style is ge-
nerally supposed to extend, commonly known as
the later decorated. The careful study of these
remains will assist W. H. H. to fix a more exact
date to the introduction of rood lofts than I have
done. I will now mention the names of certain
churches which have remains of rood lofts ; they
will, perhaps, be useful to W. H. H. in his in-
quiry into their history. We will take the county
of Devonshire, which is very rich in screen work,
and presents an ample field for study of this kind.
Remains of these lofts will be found in Buries -
combe church, as also Ashton, Bridford, Dowland,
West Oswell, Manaton, and others. I should be
glad if any of your correspondents would inform
me whether the church at Clay hanger has any re-
mains of a rood loft now in existence. Also, if
some one would furnish a description and probable
date of the one at Manaton.
In a manuscript by Roger Martin, Esq., of
Melford Place, about the state of the church of
the Holy Trinity, Melford, Suffolk, is the follow-
ing:—
" Memorand. — There was a fair Rood Loft, with the
Rood, Mary and John, of every side, and with a fair pair
of organs standing thereby ; which Loft extended all the
breadth of the Church, and on Good Friday a Priest, then
standing by the Rood, sang The Passion. The side
thereof, towards the body of the church, in twelve par-
titions in boards, was fair painted with the images of the
twelve Apostles."
This Roger Martin lived at the time of the Re-
formation.
Mobberly church, Cheshire, has remains of a
rood loft ; also, I believe, the church of the Holy
Trinity, Ingham, Norfolk.
J. BOWEN ROWLANDS.
THE Rx. HON. SIR THOMAS SEWELL, KNT.
(3rd S. ii. 157.)— I am inclined to think MR.FOSS
will find the above learned gentleman was SUCE
fortunes faber, and chiefly owed his advancement
to unwearied assiduity, good talents, and respect-
ability of character. He came into possession of a
considerable estate at Stanstead Montfichet, Essex,
which had belonged to Thomas Heath, Esq., and
Sir Thomas's son and heir was named after Mr.
Heath— Thomas Bailey Heath Sewell. The latter
became a Lieut.- Col. of the Surrey Light Dra-
goons, Fencibles, an important armc of our British
troops in 1794 (see " N. & Q." 2nd S. v. 155).
The Stanstead property, I believe, came into the
family by Sir Thomas's marriage. In 1761 Sir
Thomas bought a manor at Chobham, in Surrey,
and lands at Chertsey, but dying intestate the
whole devolved upon the Lieut.-Colonel ; which,
with other particulars, will be found in the con-
tinuation of Manning's Surrey, by Bray, vol. iii.
pp. 196, 201, and 224. Z.
P.S. Since writing the above, I have, by going
through Manning's Surrey, discovered a pedigree
of the Heaths, at vol. i. p. 498, which accounts for
the Stanstead Montfichet property, and Sir Tho-
mas's connection with the Heaths, and Baileys
also. The references to the Heaths in Manning,
and particularly in Bray's continuation, are very
numerous.
178
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3«» S. II. AUG. 30, '62.
SPEECH OF MEMBER roE ODIUM (2nd S. x. 293.)
The satirical poem, Speech of the Member for
Odium, printed in your 10th vol. 2nd S , is not by
Mr. .1. ISayers, as stnted by the correspondent, but
by Mits Catherine Fanshawc, the same lady whose
riddle of the " Letter II " was at one time attri-
buted to Lord Byron, and even printed in some of
the earlier editions of his poems. After the np-
penrance of the Speech in the Morning Post it was
printed (by Iloake and Varty) for private circula-
tion. W. M. M.
Da. PAKE'S VERNACULAR SERMON (3"1 S. ii.
148.) — Vernacular, in Latin, has two meanings,
the popular one of provincial or home-bred, and as
applied to Dr. Parr's manners and speech suffi-
ciently appropriate ; and also the less familiar one
of rude, petulant, scoffing, equally characteristic ;
and the term had special severity to a man of such
qualities, who preached on education. (Tac. Hist.
ii. Ixxxviii. 2; Mart. x. iii. 1.) In modern Latin
vernaculus means a home -born slave. j-|.j,$
Tun FERULE (3rd S. i. 450.) — I am told that a
ferrel (ferula) was in use some forty or fifty years
&°o in the school at Howgill, near Sedbergh,
Yorkshire ; and it is not improbable that it may
still exist there, as well as an example of the an-
cient "scrapple," or two-leaved wooden hornbook.
Both are worth inquiring for by any one resident
in the neighbourhood.
The ferrel at Howgill is described to me as
being of wood, shaped like a battledore ; and
wooden battledores, with the alphabet impressed
upon them (hence the old phrase, " to know A B
from a battledore"), were sold at the lower class
toy-shops within my own recollection. I learned
my letters from .a battledore ; but this was a paper
hornbook bearing the name, and I still preserve
one as a curious relic. A work on the right use
of the pronouns thee, thou, and you, by George
Fox, the Quaker, is also called The Battledore.
The common seals of the Grammar Schools of
Tewkesbury and Camberwell display a formidable
battledore in the hands of the master ; and as I
find nothing but wands and birch-rods on other
grammar-school seals, I conclude that the battle-
dore is the veritable ferula, minus the A, B, C.
I enclose an impression of the Tewkesbury
Grammar School seal, in which, whilst the master
wields the battledore, the birch stands up in a
threatening position in the background. M. D.
FORM OF PETITION (1>1 S. vii. 596 ; 3rd S. ii.
113, 148.) — The question is, what does et cetera
mean after the words " and your petitioners shall
ever pray " ? Several comparatively modern forms
have been already mentioned ; but the most an-
cient is that of our Acts of Parliament, which are
still in the form of petition, although this prayer
is not now attached to them, because they have
the Royal Assent. (Ruff. Pref. xv., Rot. Parl,
2 Hen. V. No. 22.) The Parliament Rolls she
that prior to Henry VI. the et cetera, as used 1
the House of Commons, meant " for God's sal
and ns an act of charity [alms ?] " — Vos
communes prieiit et suppliciit, pur Dieu et en oevr
de charite. The House of Commons, in the
of Richard II., was so well practised in the vir
of humility, that they even prayed for the assist-
ance of the Lords to instruct them in their duty,
"on account of the arduousness of their char
and the feebleness <if their own powers and under-
standings,"— pur I'arduite de lour charge, et le
feeblesre de lour poiars et sens. (Rot. Parl.,
1 Ric. II. No. 4 ; Christian's Blachstone, i. 181, n.)
T/ J. BUCKTON.
Lichfield.
ANALOGY BETWEEN COLOURS AND MUSICAL
SOUNDS (3rJ S. ii. 36, 79.) — The extract quoted
by MR. MACKENZIE WALCOTT from the Introduc-
tion to the English translation of Durandus, is no
doubt correctly given, but the learned editors are
at fault. Haydn had no theory whatever as to the
analogy between colours and musical sounds.
The probability is that he had never given the
matter a single thought. The editors in question
have referred to a book called The Lives of Haydn
and Mozart, translated from the French of L.A.C.
Bomliet, with Notes by the Author of the Sacred
Melodies, 1818. On p. 255, Mr. Gardiner, the
author of The Music of Nature, who edited this
work, appends a note upon the subject of sounds
and colours, and refers to Haydn's music by way
of illustration. After ascribing to each instrument
used in the orchestra a particular colour, he goes
on to say, —
"The sinfonia in 'The Creation,' which represents tho
rising of the sun, is an exemplification of this theory. In
the commencement of this piece our attention is attracted
by a soft streaming note from the violins, which is scarcely
discernible, till the rays of sound which issue from the
second violin, diverge into the chord of the second, to
which is gradually imparted a greater fulness of colour as
the violas and violoncellos steal in with expanding har-
mony. At the fifth bar the oboes begin to shed their
yellow lustre, while the liute silvers the mantling rays of
the violin. As the notes continue ascending to the highest
point of brightness, the orange, the scarlet, and the pur-
ple, unite in the increasing splendour ; and the glorious
orb at length appears, refulgent with all the brightest
beams of harmony."
The analogy drawn by Mr. Gardiner is some-
what fanciful, but I am hardly prepared to reject
the theory altogether. Sir Isaac Newton, it is
well known, supposed the impulse upon the nerves
of the eye, produced by colours, to be similar in
kind or degree to that produced upon the ear by
sounds. If so, the impression upon the sensorium,
or seat of sensation in the brain, would probably
be the same.
Louis Bertrand Castel, a learned Jesuit of
Montpellier, whose Physical System ranks among
the best philosophical works of the early part of
3'd S. II. AUG. 30, '62,]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
179
the last century, and whose Optics of Colours is still
esteemed, studied vision and the nature of colours
as blended or contrasted with each other, till his
imagination getting the better of his understand-
ing, he fancied that colours, scientifically arranged,
would produce the same effect upon the eye as
musical sounds on the ear. Infatuated with this
idea, he invented what he called an ocular harpsi-
chord, which was strung with coloured tapes in-
stead of wires, and being placed in a dark room,
when the keys were touched, the transparent
tapes, which respectively corresponded with them,
became visible ; and the various successions and
combinations of colours, consequent to this oper-
ation, produced effects on the sight which his
fancy assimilated to the impression made on the
ear by melody and harmony. This instrument
was publicly exhibited in London, in 1757, as ap-
pears by a rare tract in my possession, entitled,
Explanation of the Ocular Harpsichord, upon shew
to the Public. London, printed for S. Hooper, &c.,
1757. EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.
HERBORISATION NEAR LONDON (3rd S. ii. 145.) —
I cannot but agree with your correspondent AM-
BULATOR, when he laments how much the Flora
of the yicinity of London has been circumscribed
by the changes attendant upon its increased popu-
lation. The greatest range for the botanist in
Middlesex has been, and perhaps, is still within
three or four miles of Uxbridge, about equidistant
between that place and Rickmansworth, at Hare-
field, where the ground offers much variety, and
is in part moorish. A very intelligent botanist,
Mr. Blackstone, so long ago as 1737, published a
complete herbal for that neighbourhood.* I have
selected, and subjoin a list of a few of the indi-
genous plants, which if not altogether rare, are
not commonly met with, and have added the
classes to which they belong, and given the mo-
dernised nomenclature in the few instances in
which it might be thought desirable : —
Class II. Urticularia minor.
„ V. Specularia hybrida.
Bupleurum rotundifolium.
Sambucus Ebulus.
Parnassia palustris.
Drosera rotundifolia.
„ VI. Fritillaria Meleagris.
Acorus calamus.
„ X. Saxifraga granulata.
„ XIII. Aquilegia vulgaris.
„ XIV. Mentha Pulegium.
Lathraea squamaria.
„ XV. Dentaria bulbifera.
Cardamine amura.
„ XVII. Lathyrus Nissolia.
„ XIX. Corvisartia Helenium.
„ XX. Orchis militaris.
Ophrys mucifera.
Ophrys apifera.
* Fasciculus Plantarum circti, Harefield sponte Nascen-
tmm, 1737, 8vo.
There is Another locality south of Uxbridge
about four miles (Harmondsworth), where the
botanist may find some specimens, which may pro-
bably recompense his paying it a visit.
HERBARIUS.
DIAMOND DUST (3rd S. i. 486; ii. 159.)— Your
first correspondent on this subject has evidently
been hoaxed. In reply to A. A., I would say —
1. That it is equally at variance with the laws of
physics and physiology, that "diamond dust"
should be able to penetrate the intestines. 2. That
if it did penetrate, it would do no harm as a me-
chanical irritant. 3. That, according to all ex-
perience (and any one may prove it by swallowing
a spoonful of charcoal or burnt toast) carbon is
innocuous in itself and inert, and incapable of
forming any hurtful poisonous compound within
the intestines, or even within the body. And,
lastly, that, of all forms of carbon, the diamond
most resists chemical change. In fact, the Middle
Age fable is of equal credence with that which
attributes to a he-goat's blood the power of dis-
solving the diamond. BENJ. EAST, M.D.
EXORCISM: LUTHER (3rd S. i. 171, 218.) —
Perhaps the four infallible rules for detecting evil
spirits disguised as angels of light, are those laid
down by Mengs : —
1. Though the demon assume the form of the
most sacred personages, he has always some de-
formity, such as horns or tail, which may be seen
by those who examine him closely.
2. An evil spirit makes the person to whom he
appears joyous at the beginning of the visit, and
leaves him sad. A good spirit, the contrary.
3. An evil spirit suggests evil things, and
hardens the heart. A good spirit, the contrary.
The first rule is of easy application. Othello
says, " I look down towards his feet, — but that's
a fable" ; the second is useless till the visit is over ;
the third is rather indefinite. I think the fourth
is best in the original Latin ; —
4. "Quod si ille cni apparet, respondent ei aliquo
verbo sordido,'in sui dedecns et opprobrium prolate, subito
disparet, ut habetur in prsedictis chronicis *, ubi legitur
cum B. Franciscus vellet liberare Fratrem Euffinum ab
ilia diabolica tentatione, inter alia illi dixit : ' Ut vere
scias cognoscere, quod ille, qui tibi apparet in forma
crucifixi, non est Christus, sed diabolus, cam tibi appa-
ruerit, dicendo Ego sum Christus,'respondeas illi, Aperi os
tnum, et implebo illud stercore.' Quod cum fecisset Frater
Ruffinus, indignatus daemon cnm maximo tumultu inde
recessit, dirumpendo lapides et rapes illius mentis Sa-
basii, ubi usque in hodiernum. diem, ut fertnr, videtur
ilia magna ruina a dasmone illo facta." — Fustis Dannonwn,
anctore Hieronymo Mengo. Lugduni, 1615, t. iii. p. 18.
" The prince of darkness is a gentleman ! "
FlTZHOPKINS.
Fontainebleau.
Chrrni. Ordinis B. Francisci.
180
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. AUG. 30, t.-'.
IMA (3*8. i. 233.) — You state truly in your
reply to E. H. A. that two editions of the tragedy
called Inn were published by Mrs. Wilmot in
1815. It would be as well to add that the same
drama is found, with some alterations, in the col-
lected Dramas, Translations, and Occasional Poems
of Barbarina Lady Dacre (which was Mrs. Wil-
mot's subsequent name), 2 vols. Murray, 1831.
Not published.
ANATOLIAN FOLK LOBE (3rd S. ii. 123.) — A
little friend, to whom I rattled off "Little Pepper-
corn," says "That is the Spider and the Flea," and
turns up her favourite Grimm (D. Bogue, 1857,
p. 54.) The resemblance is certainly very great ;
the German version, in making the rush of the
streamlet to carry off all the interlocutors with it,
being however much more complete in the cata-
strophe. Q. Q.
NAPOLEON'S ESCAPE FBOM ELBA (3rd S. ii. 130.)
Does the quotation from Pozzo di Borgo bear out
the remark to support which it is cited, or is there
not a slight misprint in one or other of them ?
Q.Q.
MislttUaneaut.
NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.
The Autobiography of the Emperor Charles V. Re-
cently discovered in the Portuguese Language by Baron
Kervyn de Lettenhove, Member of the Royal Academy of
Belgium. The English Translation by Leonard Francis
Simpson, M.R.S.L. (Longman.)
We have here one of the most interesting historical
documents ever given to the -world. A narrative which,
having been concealed for three centuries, in the first in-
stance, it may be presumed for political reasons, and
afterwards probably by accident, has, by the zeal and
perseverance of some Belgian Men of Letters, at length
been brought to light On June 14, 1550, the Emperor
Charles V. embarked at Cologne on his way to Mayence.
He reached Mayence five days afterwards, and on the
leisure of that navigation the Emperor undertook to write
his journeys and expeditions from the year 1515 up to
that time. At Augsburg Charles V. cloistered himself
with Van Male, to dictate to him four hours consecu-
tively, and it was here that he completed the work
which extended from 1516 to the month'of September,
1548. When in 1552 Charles was compelled precipitately
to leave Inspruck during the night, that be might not
fall into the hands of his enemies, he was concerned
about the fate of his Memoirs, in which he had explained
the secrets of his policy, and judged the faults of the
Protestant Princes of Germany ; and the Narrative dic-
tated by Charles V. to Van Male was remitted to the
young Prince of Spain. The original MS. was in exist-
ence in 1620, and may possibly still be preserved among
the secret State Papers of Spain. For years have scho-
lars regretted the loss of those Memoirs traced by the
hand of the most powerful of monarchs, and perhaps of
the most profound political genius of the sixteenth cen-
tury. But though the original Memoirs have not yet
been found, the researches of the Royal Academy of
Belgium into the history of that Monarch have been
rewarded by the discovery, in the Imperial Library of
: Paris, of a translation of them into the Portuguese lan-
; guage, and thus the voice of that Prince whom the faith-
ful Quijada called " the greatest man that ever lived or
will live " is heard after three centuries of silence free
and unshackled by murmurs and contradictions. Of the
value and importance of such a book, it were superfluous
to utter one word. Historical students are under great
obligations to the Baron Kerwyn de Lettenhove for pub-
lishing it, and English students are especially indebted
to Mr. Simpson for his careful translation of it.
An Alphabetical Dictionary of Coats of Arms belonging
to Families in Great Britain and Ireland, forming an Ex-
tensive Ordinary of British Armorials. By John W. Pap-
worth, F.R.I.B.A. Part IX.
The present Part, which is occupied with the article
" Chevron," completes the portions of the work issued for
the Subscriptions of 1860. We are sorry to learn that
the diminution in the number of the Subscribers, by
deaths, has not been supplied by new names. The work
is proceeding with great regularity ; for although ap-
parently only down to the letter C, every other part of
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states, that four-fifths of heraldic charges are composed
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A History of Preston Guild: The Ordinances of Vari-
ous Guilds Merchant, the Custumal of Preston, the Charters
of the Borough, the Incorporated Companies, Lists of
Mayors from 1327, Sfc. By William Dobson and John
Harland, F.S.A. (Dobson, Preston; Simpkin & Mar-
shall.)
This is a most seasonable little book, and as good as it
is seasonable. The " Preston Guild," a municipal festi-
val, unique of its kind, is celebrated every twenty years ;
and the Guild of 1862 commences on Monday, and will
last through the whole of next week. It commences
under circumstances which are very dispiriting, for the
operatives of Preston and all around are suffering from
want of employment; but that fact is used as a stimulus
to the opening carnival, for its proceeds are to be applied
to their relief. May those proceeds equal the expecta-
tions of the promoters of the present Festival, and may its
sights and shows serve for awhile to divert the thoughts
of those of the labouring classes who are witnesses of
them, from the gloomy prospect of the coming winter.
Mr. Dobson and Mr. Harland have laboured most suc-
cessfully both to tell us the history of past Guilds, and to
add to the enjoyment of the present.
flatten* ta
WILLIAM GALLOWAY, EM. We have a pamphlet for thit correspon-
dent. Where can we forward it T
W. P. An account of Vulture Hopkiim is given in ottr 2nd 8. viii. MS.
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C. J. R. The authorship of " Darby and Joan " hat been noticed in
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Romola. (With Two Illustrations.)
CHAPTER XI. Tito's Dilemma.— XII. The Prize is nearly
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Does Alcohol act as Food ?
The Story of Elizabeth. Part I.
Manoli. A Moldo-Wallachiau Legend. By W. M. W. Call. (With
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The State Trials.
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A Summer Night on the Thames.
Our Survey of Literature, Science, and Art.
LITERATURE.. Poems of Arthur plough. Maurice de Gui'rin's Jour-
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The Spas of Europe. An Inquiry into the Theories
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SCIENCE The Antiquity of Man. Two Anatomical Discoveries.
Atmosphere of the Stars. Sun Snots and the Mag-
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Music Review of the Season.
Thomas Betterton, late of the Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre.
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CONTENTS i
I. The Way to be happy. I
II. The Woman taken in ,
Adultery.
HI. The Two Record* of Crea-
XI. Sim of the Tonfrue.
XII. Youth and Ace.
XIII. Chrirt our Bart.
XIV. The Slayerj" of Sin.
XV. The Sleep of Death.
XVI. David's Sin our Warning.
XVII. The Story of St. John.
XVIII. The Worship of the Sera-
phim.
XIX. Joseph an Example to the
Y"-.n .
XX. Home Religion.
XXI. The Latin Service of the
Romiih Church.
tion.
TV. The Fall and the Repent-
ance of Peter.
V. The Oood Daughter.
VI. The Convenient Seatoa.
VII. The Death of the Martyr*.
VIII. God 1> Love.
IX. St. Paul'* Thorn In the
Flesh.
X. Evil Thouzht*.
" Mr. Secretan it a palns-taklnz writer of practical theology. Called
to minister to an intelligent middle-cUss London congregation, he ha*
to avoid the temptation to appear abstrusely intellectual,— a great error
with many Ixmdon preachers,— and at the aamc time to rise above the
strictly plain sermon required by an unlettered flock in the country.
He haii hit the mean with complete success, and produced a volume
which will be readily bought by those who are in search of sermons for
family reading. Out of twenty-one discourses it i* almost impossible
to give an extract which would show the quality of the rest, but while
we commend them a* a whole, we desire to mention with especial re*
<pect one on the ' Two Records of Creation,' in which the rrxata
aumlio of ' Geology and Genesis ' is stated with great perspicuity and
faithfulness; another on ' Home Religion.' in which the duty of the
Christian to labour for the salvation of his relative* and friends is
strongly enforced, and one on the* Latin Service in the Romish Church,'
which though an argumentative sermon on a point of controversy, is
perfectly free from a controversial spirit, and treats the subject with
treat fairness and ability."— Literary Churchman.
" They are earnest, thoughtful, and practical — of moderate length
and well adapted for families."— Enylim CAonAman.
" This volume bears evidence of no small ability to recommend it to
our reader*. It is characterised by a liberality and breadth of thought
which might be copied with advantage by many oi the author's bre-
thren, while the language i* nervous, racy Saxon. In Mr. Sccretaa's
sermons there are srenuine touches of feeling and pathos which are im-
pmwivc and affecting ; — notably in those on ' the iVoman taken in
Adultery.' and on ' Youth and Age.' On the whob, in the light of a
contribution to sterling English literature, Mr. Secretan's sermons are
worthy of our commendation."— Olobe.
" Practical subject*, treated in an earnest and sensible manner, give
Mr. C. F. Secretan's Sermons preached in Westminster a higher value
than snch volumes in general possess. It deserves success."— Guardian.
Ixmdon: BELL ft DALDY, 186, Fleet Street, E.C.
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NOTES AND QUERIES:
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Romford, Co. Essex.
MINOR NoTKS:— Telomachus: Mentor's Veaael— Intelli-
gence attributed to Inanimate Things — Lines written on
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and Bear — Sir Humphrey Davy — Dudley of Westmore-
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Quotation — St. Leger: Trunk well — Serpents in ? —
Typographical Queries — The Warden of Galway — Meet-
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THE
MODEL MERCHANT OF THE MIDDLE
AGES,
AS EXEMPLIFIED IN THE HISTORY OP
"WHITTINGTON AND HIS CAT;"
Being an attempt to rescue that interesting story from the region of
Fable, and to place it in its proper position in the legitimate
history of this country-
By the REV. SAMUEL LYSOXS, M.A.,
&c. &c.
Rector of Rodmaston, Gloucestershire,
Author of " The Romans in Gloucestershire,"
" Claudia and Pudens," a Tale of the First Century, &c. &c.
" Antiquaries are often accused of taking delight in rudely dissipating
our most favourite illusion*. Here is a work of quite another sort, and
that which many generation* have been content to enjoy as fable 1* now
set before u» as very probable hl*tory. " — Literary Examiner.
At a time when historic doubt* are fashionable, and almost all
early records are treated as mythical, it is a comfort to find the proce**
occasionally reversed, and a well-known myth proved to be an historical
truth. This is what has been done with much zeal and ability in the
case of the nursery legend of • Whlttinaton and hi* Cat,' by the Rev.
Samuel Ly*on*."— Saturday Jieview, Feb. S3, 1861.
" We feared that all the recollections connected with the pleasant
reading of our childhood were about to be destroyed, and all our trea-
sured memories to be sacrificed to some new form of the withering in-
fluence of modern historical scepticism. The Cat, we supposed, would
be the flrst victim. Nothing of the kind. The great incident of the
Cat is made so probable by Mr. Lysons's investigation!, that it can no
longer be reasonably doubted."— Coitarii'* A'etc Monthly Magazine.
London i HAMILTON, ADAMS, ft CO., 33, Paternoster Row.
S. II. SEPT. 6, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
181
LONDON, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 1862.
" ; CONTENTS.— N". 36.
NOTES:— General Literary Index: Index of Authors, 181
— List of American Cents and Tokens, 184— Clock Punish-
ment, 185 — An Old Pocket Dial, Ib.
MiJfOK NOTES : — Old Jokes — Anecdote of Pope — Horses
and Stabulary Expenses — "Wife Sale at Birmingham —
Dial Mottoes, 185.
QUE RIES : — Edward Tuckey, 186 — Lines by Lord Nelson,
187 — Shakspeariana : Edward Helder, 188 — The First
_ _ea-coast Superstition — Edgar— ]
nicle" — Gerard: Priestley — Harefleld, or Harvil — Lec-
tures at International Exhibition — Mister— Price, Comp-
troller — Quotation — Rhyme to Chimney — St. Peter's,
Sheffield — Stratford Family — Bulstrode Whitelock's Me-
morials, 188.
QTTEEIES WITH ANSWERS : — Panel : Intran — "Theological
Doubts," &c. — Booker's " Bloody Irish Almanack," 1646 —
General Wade — The Baptism of Church Bells — Smart's
" Song to David " — Cromwell Token — Colberteen : Marli
— Milton's " Paradise Lost," 191
REPLIES: — A Churchwarden's Answers (temp. Eliz.) to
certain "Artycles" proposed to him beyond the usual
Questions on the Register, 193 — Execution of Argyle, Ib.
— Premature Interments, 194 — Customs of the County of
Wexford : the Irish Funeral Cry, 195 — Henry Muddiman
— Whittington and his Cat — Napoleon's Escape from
Elba— Centenarianism : John Pratt — St. Leger : Trunk-
well — Literature of Lunatics — Fresnel — Nef — Toads in
Rocks— Paintings by Greuzo —Thomas Maud— Legal
Blunders— Henry Fielding: Sir Henry Gould — Parodies
on Gray's " Elegy," 196.
flattst.
GENERAL LITERARY INDEX.
INDEX OF AUTHORS.
In the 1st S. x. 486, a correspondent writes :
" Of Joachim and Marino I know nothing. Can
any of your readers refer me to their works ? "
The easiest reply would be a reference to Watt's
Bibliotheca Britannica ; but I propose to supply
his deficiencies under this title, and to furnish
another specimen of the " General Literary In-
dex," which I would remind your correspondents
has been projected by a Society (1st S. x. 356).
Joachim (Abbas), Florensis Calabriae. The
dates of the various editions of Joachim's works,
enumerated below, are as follows : —
Liber Concordise Vet. et Novi Test. Venet., 1519, 4to.
Expositio in Apocalypsim. Venet., 1527, 4to.
Psalterium decetn Chordarum. Venet., 1527, 4to.
Comment, in Hieremiam. Venet., 1516. Colon., 1577,
16mo.
in. Isaiam. Venet., 1517, 4to; 1519, 8vo.
Revelationes super statuin Summorum Pontincum,
circa 1475, folio. (Probably the same work as the follow-
ing, or the Rota, ut infra.) See Heyne's Repertorium.
Vaticinia, Venet., 1527, 4to.
Vaticinia J. et Anselmi cum Explanatione Pauli Sca-
ligeri, 1570; cum annot. Regiselmi, Venet., 1589: Vatic.
J. et Merlini cum annot. Jo. Adrasder, Francof., 1608.
Vaticinia de Regibus Castellse, &c., ut infra, 1670. See
Fabricius.
" Far more graphically depicted (than in Hildegard)
did the image of the future present itself in the soul of
the Abbot Joachim, who at first presided over the monas-
tery at Corace (Curatium), in Calabria, at length founded
the monastery of Floris, and a peculiar congregation of
monks, and died between the years 1201 and 1202. He
was reverenced in his time as a prophet, and stood in
high consideration with popes and princes." — Neander,
vii. 206.
Neander refers to the records and collections
on the history of his life in the Ada Sanctor., 29th
of May. Compare Dr. Engelhardt's " Essay on
the Abbot Joachim and the Everlasting Gospel"
(p. 32), in his Kirchengeschichtlichen Abnand-
lungen. The eternal Gospel consisted of three
parts, or libri, of which the first was entitled Liber
Concordice Vet. et Novi Test. Some extracts from
this work will be found in Wolfii Led. Memorab.,
i. 489-91. For an account of this liber, see Ada
Sanctor. Bollandi, ubi supra, p. 142, sqq. Here
he expounds the three periods of revelation, and
the three states of the world — a division conform-
able to the doctrine of the Trinity : the state
under the time of the law belonging especially to
God the Father ; the state under the Gospel be-
longing to the Son ; the last times belonging to
the Holy Spirit, when the fire of love in contem-
plation will predominate. See also Neander, vol.
viii. 210, 439. The third state commences with
St. Benedict, the precursor of St. Francis ; whose
Order, as well as that of St. Dominic, Joachim is
supposed clearly to have foreseen and pictorially
predicted. The new Gospel was to throw into
the shade the four antiquated Evangelists. Com-
pare his Expos. Apoc., p. 84. Joachim agreed
with Hildegard in announcing a terrible judg-
ment that was coming upon the corrupted Church,
from which, however, she was to emerge purified
and refined. The secular power was to combine
with the heretical sects (the Patarenes) in com-
bating the church : —
" Mixed Antichrist shall be a certain pseudo-pope of
German origin, whom the Emperor shall create by force
and fraud, which pope shall crown the said Emperor;
who, together with the pope, shall overturn and root up
the state of Christianity and the Church." — De Magnis
Tribulationibus, fol. v. a.
See British Magazine (vol. xvi.) " Antichrist in
the Thirteenth Century," in which the history
and opinions of Joachim are discussed with great
learning and ability.
The second liber was Expositio Apocalypsis.
(Not in Watt, nor any printed catalogue of the
British Museum or the Bodleian, but found in
the Library of St. Patrick's and in Trin. Coll.,
Dublin.)
" Clades quoque triumphosque Ecclesiae Sacer Vates
praecinuit, et prsesertim celebrem illam ad Naupactum
victoriam quae incidit in annum 1571; quatuor fere ab
obitu Joachimi retroactis sseculis in illis Commentariis,
quos in Apocalypsin scripsit .... non obscure prasvidit
prasdixitque." — Sartorii Cistercium Bis-Tertium.
The third, Psalterium decem C/wrdarum. These
three works are considered by Neander to be
182
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. SEPT. G, HS?.
certainly genuine, and in them no prophecies are
found which seem to have arisen post factum.
With these three works of Joachim, a Commen-
tary became confounded, which, after the middle
of the thirteenth century, the Franciscan Gerard
published under the title of Introductorius in
Evangelium eeternum. On this subject Neander
refers to the learned and profound essay by En-
gclhardt above mentioned. With this agree, also,
the words of Thomas Aquinas ; see Oniisculum
XVI. contra impugnantex religionem (the oppo-
nents of the Mendicant Orders) Opp., ed. Venet.,
t. xix. p. 415 ; [fol. Paris, 1634, p. 308].
" The Introduction placed, what was called ' the
doctrine of Joachim* in a distinct and glaring
light — perhaps first wrought it into a system. No
one would own the perilous authorship. It was
ascribed by the more orthodox Franciscans to ;i
Dominican; by the Dominicans, more justly, to a
Franciscan. According to Hahn, Geschichte der
Ketzer im Mittelalter (t. iii. p. 72 et seqq. Stutt-
gard, 1850), there was a gradual approximation to
the book through unauthentic writings attributed
to Abbot Joachim, in which he is made more and
more furiously to denounce the abuses in the
Church. This is the new Babylon." (Milman's
Hist, of Latin Christianity, v. 255 ; Mosheim's
Institutes, cent. xiii. part ii. ch. 5.)
In his Commentary on the Prophet Jeremiah,
the genuineness of which is doubtful, Joachim
complains of the exactions of the Roman Church ;
to which he frequently applies the name of Baby-
lon, see Wolfii L. M., p. 489. He is fond of
marking the course of history ; particularly the
history of the Papacy. In the same Commentary
(p. 284), he represents the restoration of Jerusalem
as a project opposed to the declarations of Christ
concerning the destruction of that city. (Wolfius,
p. 497 ; Neander, vii. 254.) Yet we find, in Roger
of Hoveden (Rerum. Anglic. Script, prcecipui post
Bedam, fol. 1596, p. 388), that he encouraged
King Richard in his march to Jerusalem by ap-
plying a prophecy of St. John in the Apocal. to
Saladin, as one of the seven kings whose fall was
predicted.
" When in the year 1197, at the particular invitation
of the emperor Henry the Sixth, he wrote his commen-
tary on the prophet" Jeremiah, he expresses himself in
one place as uncertain whether or not another emperor
would yet intervene between him and his heirs. Such
an intervening emperor did in fact come in, after the
death of Henry, in the same year [Otho IV., see Milman,
vol. iii.]. He foretold, though without intimating that
the event was so near at hand, that Frederick the
Second would remain under the tutelage of his mother
Constantia . . . Sometimes the year 1200, sometimes 1260,
is mentioned as one which would constitute an epoch in
history." — Neander, vii. 304; Wolfii L. M. ; Dunham's
Europe during the Middle Age*.
In Bishop Stillingfleet's Collection, preserved in
the Library of St. Patrick's, Dublin, is a very rare
and most interesting volume : Joachimi Abbatis
Vaticiniorum de Apostolicis Viris, sive tic Romanis
Pontificihus Historica et Syrnbolica Explicatio, din--
tore R. P. D. Gregorio de Lands, alias de 7,"//n>,
S. T. D. Ablate Sagitlariensi, Neapoli, 1660, folio.
In the same volume, and by the same author,
Joachimi Abbatis S. Cisterc. Ord. . . . Miralrilinm
Veritas defensa, Neapoli, 1660. The Vaticiuia are
thus explained by Gregorio Lauri : —
Vatic.
17. Innoc. VII.
18. Gregor. XII.
19. Alexander V.
20. Joannes XXII. iilius
XXIII.
21. Martin V.
22. Kugenius IV.
23. Concilium linsiliense.
24. Nicolaus V.
25. CPolitanum Excidi-
nm.
ilia*
V»tlc.
1. Nicolaus III.
2. Martin II.
3. Honorius IV.
4. Nicolaus IV.
5. Celestinus V.
6. Bonifacius VIII.
7. Benedictus X.
8. Clemens V.
9. Joannes XXI.
XXII.
10. Benedict X I. alias XII.
11. Clemens VI. 26. Calistus III.
12. Innocens VI. 27. Pius II.
13. Urban V. 28. Paulus II.
14. Gregor. XI. 29. Sixtus IV.
15. Urban VI. 30. Iimocciis VIII.
16. Bonifac. IX.
The series extending from the thirteenth cen-
tury to nearly the close of the fifteenth. (Commu-
nicated by Robert Travers, Esq., A.M., M.B.).
" Circa annum 1520, reperta stint exemplaria Prophe-
tiarum cum imaginibus liujus Abbatis: untiin in Car-
thusianornm monasterio: alterum in Bibliotlieca Senatus
Nora mbergen sis, pictum ante annos 200 : tertium editutn
est a Theophrasto Paracelso : quartum a Joanne Adras-
der [excnsum 1608:] quintum typis Venetianis anno
1589, a Poscbalino Regiselmo: omnia cum annotatis, ut
in sequentibus constabit. Sed et Scalichius (sire Paulus
Scaliger) contra inentem authoris super eas pro papa
glossas mendaces edidit " [Colon. 1570]. — Wotfius, p. 443.
In the annotations of Paracelsus, ad undecimam
Figuram, will be found a passage analogous to the
words inquired for in 3rd S. xii. 149, which form
a commentary on the 26th figure. In the same
paragraph are these words : —
" Hie finis est omnium Ecclesiasticorum, etenim qui
unquam sunt nncti, aut characteribus Papa; insigniti, illi
pereunt oinnes : unicus manebit," &c. (In marg. " Hoc
Papatui etiam est minatus Joannes de Rnpe Scissa. Quis
hie unus?")
The last writer's prophecies are inserted in
Gratii Fasciculus, Brown's Append., iv. 494 — 508.
The edition of Regiselmus, now before me, con-
tains, Lat. et Ital. : " Vaticinia sive Prophetic
Abbatis Joachimi et Anselmi Episcopi Marsicani,
cum imaginibus £ere incisis. . . . Quibus Rota et
Oraculutn Turcictun maxime considerationis a<l-
iecta sunt. Una cum Praefatione et. Adnotationi-
bus P. R." Appended to these is, " Joachimi
Abbatis Vita per Gabrielem Barium Francis-
canum edita." On the Rota a Commentary
was published by Joanninus, in 1600. The life
is inserted also in Wolfii L. M., who subjoins
the testimonia, or opinions of other authors, Vin-
"i S. II. SEPT. 6, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
183
cent of Beauvais, Laonicus Chalcondyles (in whose
History, translated into French, 1620, are in-
serted the Oracles of the Emperor Leo), Sche-
delius, &c.
Fabric! us mentions Vitam et vaticiniorum J.
ex})licationcm, by Leander Albertus, MS. Ma-
billon, in the forty-fourth Dissertation of his
Antiquitates Kalicce Medii JEvi, describes "astro-
logorum somnia, commenta prophetiarum," of
the eleventh and succeeding centuries, e.g. the
pictures in the Bibliotheca Estensis pourtraying
the future events of Papal history : mentions
" inanes pracdictiones Hermae, TJguettini, Fratris
Roberti Ordin. Pnedic., Hildegardis, Elizabeth et
Mechtildis ;" and concludes with " Specimen in-
terpretationum Theophori Cusentini Eremitse in
Pseudo-Prophetias Joachimi Abbatis et Anselmi
EpiscopS, pp. 949-52. Heic incipit narrari, sicut
praesens Schisma erat futurum in Ecclesia Dei,
justo Dei judicio propter peccata Cleri et Populi
Christian!, et quod Schisma erat prognosticatum
a Spiritu Sancto et a multis Prophetis jaindiu,
pp. 953-55." " Meliora nunc," Mabillon remarks,
"Deo juvante, sapimus, et ejusmodi ridendas
Prophetias prorsus dimisimus phantasticis quibus-
dam hominibus extra Ecclesiae castra militantibus,
qualis sevo nostro fuit Calvinista Jurieu." The
work here referred to, and now before me, was
printed Venetiis, 1516, 4to, in a volume the title-
page of which is as follows, except that the abbre-
viations are not retained : —
" Abbas Joachim magnus propheta. Hec subiecta in
hoc continentur libello. Expositio magni prophete Joa-
chim : in librum beati Cirilli de magnus tribulationibus
et statu sancte ecclesie: ab his nostris tempovibus usque
in finem seculi : una cum compilatione ex diversis pro-
phetis novi ac veteris testament! Theolosphori de Cusen-
tia; presbyteri et heremitse. Item explanatio figurata
et pulchra in Apocalypsin de residuo statu ecclesie."
It is a compilation from the vaticinations of
Cyrillus, Joachim, Dandalus, Merlin, and the
Sybils, abridged by Frater Rusticianus. It con-
tains also a treatise of Joannes Parisiensis De
Antichristo, and Ubertinus de Casali De septem
statibus Ecclesie; and concludes with Joachim
Super Hieremiam. Other editions B. Cyrilli ere-
initse montis Carmeli are mentioned by Fabricius,
who subjoins to the title of the last tractatus, " et
specialius de horrendo illo schismate mystici An-
tichristi, prsecursoris veri Antichrist!." Compare
British Magazine (pp. 370-75), or Dr. Todd's
Donnellun Lectures on Antichrist, where these
Essays are largely quoted, 460 et seqq. From the
similarity of title and subject to this treatise of
Ubertin de Casali, another work has been attri-
buted to him, Onus EcclesicK (Liber Jo. Chie-
mensis) : —
" In hoc libro lector candidissime admiranda quaedam
ac plane obstupenda, de septem ecclesie statibus, abusi-
bus quoque gravissimis, et futuris ejusdem calamitatibus
ex SS. Prophetiia et novarum revelationum vaticiniia
solidissimisque Scripturis luce clarius enarrantur." (Fol.
Colonite, 1531).
This work is quoted by Gerhard in torn. iv. of
his Loci Communes, p. 440, and in Wharton's
Treatise of the Celibacy of the Clergy, 1688,
p. 164.
Chap. xlii. is " De Idolo seu Papa falso, qui
dicitur Antichristus mixtus." Ziegelbauer men-
tions : —
" Joachimi insigne illud opus posteritati mirandum,
Ecclesia3 S. Marci pavimentum, ubi et parietes et fornices
vermiculato opere, insolenti plane prodigio secuturis etiam
seculis eventura quaelibet majoris momentt praenunti-
ant." — Hist. Rei Literarice Ord. S. Benedicti, t. ii. 211.
In reference to his Commentary on Jeremiah
and Isaiah, Neander's opinion is confirmatory of
the suspicions expressed by Engelhardt. From
the latter Commentary, which was printed Venet.,
1517, 4to, including " nonnulla Capitula Nahum,
Habacuc, Zachariae, et Malachise," some extracts
are given by Wolfius, p. 488. In Fabricii Bibli-
otheca Media. Latin, the manuscript works of
Joachim are described ; and he mentions another
printed work, which appears not to be in any of
our public libraries : " Vaticinia de Regibus Cas-
tellse et Legionis a Ferdinando I. usque ad Phi-
lippi V. qui hodie Hispanias regit, successorem
quintum, scripta versibus." For the manuscripts,
Cave refers to Carolus du Vesch, Bibliotheca
Scriptorum Cisterc., p. 172. He wrote a book
against Peter Lombard, de Unitate SS. Trinita-
tis, in which his ignorance of dialectics exposed
him to the charge of Tritheism, from which he is
exonerated by Papebrochius, ut supra p. 104.
For other authorities, see Fabricius. His work
mentioned above, " Psalterium decem Chorda-
rum," should be included among those which have
been dedicated to the Triune Deity (2nd S. xi.
477). See Vita Joachimi, per Gabriel. Barium,
appended to the Vaticinia, 1589 ; and in Wolfii
L. M.
According to Fabricius, the MS. of Leander
Albertus is deposited in the Colbert Library.
Brunet mentions Histoire de I' Abbe Joachim sur-
nomme le prophete, avec tanalyse de ses ouvrages.
In conclusion, I am anxious to learn what is
become of the unpublished work of Hugo de
Mancestria, De Fanaticorum Deliriis : —
" Adeo apud Dominicanos," says Bale, " profecit, ut
magnus in theologia magister, Prsedicatorum in Anglia
Provincialis, ac regi Edouardo primo et ejus matri Aleo-
norae, quasi a domestica familiaritate haberetur. Ejus
nempe adPhilippum Francomm regem cum Guil. Geynes-
burgo Minorita, nuncius erat pro recuperandis terris suis
in Aquitania fraudulenter ablatis. Scripsit hie demum
praefati regis jussu, adversus impudentissimum quendam
impostorem maleficiis ac fraudibus instructum, qui prses-
tigiis ejus dementaverat matrem, De Fanaticorum de-
liriis." — Scriptores Brytannite, p. 347.
BlBLIOTHECAE. CHETHAM.
184
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'd S. II. SEPT. 6, '02.
LIST OF AMERICAN CENTS AND TOKKN-.
In consequence of not seeing " N. & Q." until
the completion of the volume, I have only just
been made aware of the kindness of MB. SAMUEL
SHAW of Andover and MR. JEEVES of Green-
wich in replying to my inquiry respecting Ame-
rican cents.* I have now endeavoured, through
their answers, in combination with a New York
sale of cents last year, and my own collection,
to form a sort of list that may be of some use to
those interested in the matter. I know it to be
very imperfect, but trust some one better versed
in the subject will take it in hand through your
columns. In the mean time I return my thanks
to the gentlemen named, and to you for your
kindness in forwarding my views in your excel-
lent publication : —
1781. North American token, female with harp sitting,
looking left. Obv. Ship in full sail. Commerce.
Very rare and valuable. (C. Clay, M.D.)
1783. Head of Washington, "Washington and Inde-
pendence" laureled. Obv. Sitting female, hold-
ing a sprig of laurel, right hand ; in the left, a
pole with cap of liberty, Washington's bust, with
military dress and queue. Very rare. Two copies,
one very fine. ' (C. Clay, M.D. ; S. Shaw, And-
over.)
. Do. same in all respects except the bust being
naked. Very rare. (C. Clay, M.D.)
. Do. same head of Washington. Obv. "'United
States of America, one cent." (S. Shaw, And-
over).
1787. "Auctori. *• Connec.," bust. Rev. "Inde*** et
Lib." Britannia sitting. (S. Shaw, Andover.)
. "Auctori. Connec." bust. Rev. "Inde. et Lib."
Figure sitting on a globe, a shield at side. (S.
Shaw, Andover.)
. " Auctori. plebis," bust. Rev. " Indep. et Liber."
Figure sitting, right arm on a globe, left on an
anchor. Very rare. Connecticut. (S. Shaw,
Andover.)
. " E pluribus unum," shield with stripes across and
downward. Rev. " Nova Csesarea," head of a
horse, and a plough. (S. Shaw, Andover.)
1788. "Common Wealth," an Indian standing, bow in
right hand, arrow in the left. Rev. " Massa-
chusetts," eagle spread, with shield on its breast
striped. Very rare. (C. Clay, M.D.; C. B.
Jeeves, Greenwich.)
1791. Washington cent, large eagle. Sold for 10 dollars,
and very rare. (New York American sale.)
1792. Washington cent, extremely rare. Die sold lor 28
dollars 60 cents. (New York American sale.)
1793. Ring or link cent. Sold for 12 dollars 60 cents.
(New York American sale.)
. Wreath cent, very fine. Sold for 5 dollars 13 cents.
(New York American sale.)
— . Liberty cap, fine. Sold for 7 dollars 25 cents. (New
York American sale.)
. "Washington President," head of Washington,
military dress. Ret. Ship in full aail. (C.
Clay, M.D.)
. Half cent, head of liberty to the right, cap behind,
" Liberty " over. (C. B. Jeeves, Greenwich.)
1794. Very fine cent, no description. Sold for 4 dollars
6 cents. (New York American sale )
• See « N. & Q.," 8«« S. i. 208, 255, 434.
1795. Thick die cent Sold for 2 dollars 50 cents. (New
York American sale.)
. Thin die cent. Sold for 1 dollar 50 cents. (New
York American sale.)
. " George Washington," bust Rev. " Lib«>r.
security," spread eagle over American shield.
(S. Shaw, Andover.)
1796. Liberty cap, very fine. 4 dollars. (New York
sale.)
Fillet head, do. 4 dollars. (Do.)
1797. Head of Liberty to the right, with bow or knot be-
hind. Rev. "One cent " in laurel wreath.
exergue a United States of America." :•
13 dollars. (C. B. Jeeves, Greenwich.)
. Very fine. Sold for I dollar 50 cents. (New York
sale.)
1798. Quite perfect. 2 dollars, 50 cents. (Do.)
1799. Very fine date, but not quite perfect. 7 dollars.
(New York sale.)
1802. Very fine. 1 dollar, 65 cents. (New York Sale.)
. " Liberty " filletted head. Rev. " United States of
America," yl(- wreath in centre, "One Cent."
Very fine- (C. Clay, M.D.)
1803. Very fine. 1 dollar 25 cents. (New York Sale.)
1804. Do." do. 6 dollars 50 cents. (Do.)
1805. Do. do. 2 dollars. (Do.)
1809. Do. do. 3 dollars. (Do.)
1817. Liberty head, 13 stars; head labelled "Liberty."
Rev. " One Cent" in centre, with wreath, " United
States of America." (C. Clay, M.D.)
1820. Liberty head, labelled "Liberty," 13 stars. Rev.
Wreath in centre, "One Cent" and "United
States of America." (C. Clay, M.D.)
1822. Exactly as the one 1820. (Do. )
1826. Same as 1820 and 1822. (Do.)
1831. Do. do. (Do.)
1834. Do. do. (Do.)
1837. Do. do. (Do.)
. Thirteen stars, with label " E pluribus unum," lau-
reated head with knot behind. Rev. " George
Jams, Tea Dealer, 142, Grand Corner of Elm
St. New York." American Token. (C. Clay,
M.D.)
1838. Thirteen stars, head labelled "Liberty." Rev.
Wreath in the centre "One Cent." Round,
" United States of America." (C. Clay, M. D.)
1839. Very perfect (termed Bull-head.) 4 dollars. (New
York sale.)
1842. Thirteen stars, head labelled " Liberty." Rev.
Wreath in centre " One Cent." Round, " United
States of America." (C. Clay, M.D.)
1851. In all respects like 1842 but the date. (C. Clay,
M.D.)
1852. Do. do. do. (Do.)
With no Dates.
O. (Size of the dimo) " Colombia " head. Rev. A
female figure seated, holding a balance. (S. Shaw,
Andover.)
O. Letters U. S. A. in monogram, plain. Rev. Thirteen
bars, very rare. Sold at Philadelphia for 10 dol-
lars. (C. B. Jeeves, Greenwich.)
O. " E pluribus unum," fifteen stars arranged in tri-
angle, with rays from the sides ; each star with
initials of the separate States. Rev. A hand
holding a scroll, labelled " Our cause is just."
Round. " Unanimity is the strength of society,
Kentucky." (S. Shaw, Andover; C. Clay, M.D.)
Why the last coin has fifteen stars whilst usually
on the cents there are only thirteen, I wish some
3rd S. II. SEPT. 6, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
185
one versed in the matter to explain. I should
also be glad to hear of other specimens from any
of your correspondents. C. CLAY, M.D.
101, Piccadilly, Manchester.
CLOCK PUNISHMENT.
When I knew the military asylum at Chelsea
between thirty-two and forty years ago, a punish-
ment was in vogue there, called " the clock."
The clock, guarded by a cage large enough to
admit a boy slightly stooping, stood on four sturdy
legs sufficiently high not to inconvenience the
body of a culprit while in action. It was fixed,
horizontally, in a heavy frame, with its face pro-
tected by plate-glass and cross-wires, looking at
the ceiling. In exact proportion to the labour
accorded to it, the hands moved round the dial,
by means of a long turning-handle, requiring
some strength to work it, fitted to a spindle,
which, being connected with the machinery, set
the instrument in motion.
The cage which shielded the clock, made of
stout wire closely meshed on iron bars, was se-
cured to the wall of the school-room. When the
offender was placed in it, the door was fastened
by a contrivance that defied all ingenuity to
tamper with its efficiency, and the duration of his
incarceration altogether depended on the amount
of sustained exertion he expended at the time-
piece. Hurry gave him no advantage ; and fits
of violent effort rather retarded than accelerated
his work. The motion required to make true
progress, was something like, that employed in
working a barrel-organ, steady and uniform,
neither too slow nor too quick. The moment he
rested, and this was often, for the work was toil-
some, the clock rested, taking its ease as long as
the young labourer indulged in indolent re-in-
vigoration. In this way a sentence of three hours
at " the clock" was seldom completed under five
or six hours' confinement, during which time the
wearied boy was only permitted to refresh himself
with a very spare allowance of bread and water.
Except by accident, "the clock" never cor-
responded with the true time of day, its machinery
and motive-power being different from other
time-pieces. This was of no consequence. The
time indicated on the cage-clock only was looked
to. This was noted, as the orderly sergeant, who
was responsible for the execution of the sentence,
locked up the offender, and he took good care
not to release his charge till the truth-telling
machine gave evidence, by , the position of its
exacting hands, that the last tick of the sentence
had been worked out.
This kind of chastisement, I fancy, was peculiar
to the Chelsea Military Asylum, but it has long
fallen into disuse. I never heard of its being
followed in any other school. No journal that I
know of ever gave a description of it, or ever
hinted at it, as a punishment resorted to at any
time in any institution. From its novelty, there-
fore, and its interest as a novelty, you may con-
sider this account of " the clock " punishment
deserving of a place in " N. & Q." M. S. K.
AN OLD POCKET DIAL.
I have in my little collection of local antiquities
a pocket ring-dial, obtained from a labourer in
the parish of Pelynt, Cornwall. Never having
seen any mention of such a form of horologe, I am
induced to send you a description of it, and shall
be glad to have my supposition confirmed, that it
is just such another as that which gave occasion
to the fool in the Forest of Arden to " moral on
the time : " —
" And then he drew a dial from his poke,
And, looking on it with lack-lustre eye,
Says, very wisely, ' It is ten o'clock.' "
It is a ring of brass, much like a miniature dog-
collar ; and has, moving in a groove in its circum-
ference, a narrower ring with a boss, pierced by a
a small hole to admit a ray of light. The latter
ring is made moveable to allow for the varying
declination of the sun in the several months of the
year, and the initials of these are marked in as-
cending and descending scale on the larger ring,
which bears also the motto —
" Set me right and use me well,
And i ye time to you wil tell."
The hours are lined and numbered on the opposite
concavity.
In conformity with the verse, we will set the
boss of the sliding ring at M. (May), and suspend
it by the string directly towards the sun, so that a
ray of light passing through the hole in the boss,
may impinge on the concave surface opposite.
The hour is told with fair accuracy.
Another specimen, unfortunately defective, has
been seen in the same district, but its occurrence
is, I believe, rare. The passage quoted may be
fairly taken to imply that Shakspeare was ac-
quainted with its use among the peasantry of his
day ; but I know of no other author who makes
allusion to such an instrument.
My friend Mr. Blight, whose burin has done
so much to illustrate the antiquities of his native
county, has kindly represented the dial for me in
a woodcut, a proof of which, Mr. Editor, I send
you with this Note, as it will serve to make my
description quite intelligible to you.
THOMAS Q. COUCH.
Bodmin.
OLD JOKES. — Many jokes, like the myths and
nursery legends, are scattered over the world, and
186
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. SKPT. G. T.2.
differ only in the local colour which is sometimes
given to them. I am surprised to find that one
of the most obvious has not been naturalised in
France. " Helping Jack who is doing nothing,"
is familiar in almost every workshop and farm in
England, and too stale to be printed for any
readers ; but it appeared in the last number of
Figaro, a journal which ranks ia wit as The Times
in politics : —
"' Qui est la? ' s'ccriait un contre-maitre dans 1'entre-
pont d'un vais.seau marchand.
' C'est moi,' repondit la raousso Will.
' Kt que fais-tu ? '
4 Kien, Monsieur.'
'Tom, est-illa? '
' Oui, Monsieur,' rupliqua Tom.
' A quoi t'occupes-tu ? '
' Monsieur, j'aide Will.'"— Figaro, Aug. 21, 18C2.
FITZHOPK.INS.
Fontainebleao.
ANECDOTE or POPE. — An acquaintance of Mr.
Pope's having lost a daughter named Lastitia, was
very desirous for Mr. Pope to oblige him with an
epitaph, which Mr. Pope declined ; but, upon re-
peated importunities, spoke these lines extem-
pore : —
M Goodman Death,
To please his palate,
Has cropt your Lettice
For a sallet."
Fugitive Miscellany (1775),
Part n. 85.
E. H. A.
HORSES AND STABULART EXPENSES. — The price
of horses, and the necessary disbursements for
their provender, &c., at different eras, form a sub-
ject of curious inquiry. An ancestor of mine,
who was born in the middle of the reign of Wil-
liam III., from a very early period began to record
all the minutice of his expenses ; and I subjoin a
few particulars under the above heading : —
£ t. d.
" May 28, 1723, Bought of Mrs. Alland, in the
Mint, a Bay Stone Horse (or a bay horse,
a cheval entier), with Bridle and Saddle at 8 0 0
Paid a Person for inspecting Horse - - 0 10 0
Coach hire, &c., on the occasion - - -046
Paid a Man for riding him home - - 0 1 6
8 16 0
Jane 14. To 4 New Shoes - - - - 0 2 0
„ 22. Altering a pair of Old Pistols - 0 12 0"
N.B. He appears, from documents left, to have
been very recherche in dress, &c. ; and it seems
the horse-furniture, &c., included in his purchase,
did not please him long : for I find the following
entry in the same year (1723) : —
£ s. d.
"July 10. Paid Saddler's Bill, for Saddle,
Whip, &c. 600
And July 25, 1724, a new Bit, Bridle, and
Bosses 0 15 0"
It appears he had apartments at Chiswick, and
left town on Saturdays and returned on the Mon-
days. And I find, on Saturday and Sunday the
6th and 7th July, 1723, and several succeeding
Saturdays and Sundays, the keep of the horse put
down, with corn, at lid. per night; and if beans
were added, Id. per night more.
The accounts seem to have been very regularly
kept for about two years ; and the standing at
the livery stable for the whole term is IQd. per
night, exclusive of corn. In May the horse used
to go to grass at the Isle of Dogs, or Poplar
Marshes, for a month. AMICUS.
WIFE SALE AT BIRMINGHAM. — The following
extract, from an old newspaper (1773), may
amuse some of your readers: —
" On 31st August, 1773, three men and three women
went to the 'Bell Inn.' in Edgbaston Street, Birming-
ham, and made the following entry in the Toll Book
which is kept there : —
"' Aug. 31, 1773. Samuel Whitehouse, of the parish
of VVillenhall, in the county of Stafford, this day sold his
wife Mary Whitehouse, in open Market, to Thomas Grif-
fiths of Birmingham, value One Shilling. To take her
with all faults.
' (Signed) SAMUEL WHITEHOUSE,
MARY WHITEHOUSB.
' Voucher, THOMAS BUCKLEY, of Birmingham.'
" The parties were all exceedingly well pleased ; and
the money paid down, as well for the toll as purchase."
H. S. G.
DIAL MOTTOES. — "N. & Q."has recorded many
sun-dial mottoes. The following are not to be
found in its columns. They are given in Mr.
Cyrus Redding's Fifty Years' Recollections Literary
and Personal, vol. iii. p. 86 : —
" Hora, dies, et vita fugiunt, manet unica virtus."
" Once at a potent leader's voice I stayed ;
Once I went back when a good monarch prayed ;
Mortals, howe'er we grieve, howe'er deplore,
The flying shadow will return no more ! "
GRIME.
EDWARD TUCKEY.
Perhaps some of your readers can furnish ad-
ditional particulars of an individual who attempted
to communicate with Mary Queen of Scots in
prison. In Sir Ralph Sadleir's Correspondence,
edited by Sir Walter Scott, is published an ex-
amination of this person ; in which he declares
that he sent to the Queen for so much money as
was mentioned in his writing, viz. 100 double
ducats, thinking that she had been acquainted
with his father, and would have done so much for
his sake ; and that he had heard his father speak
of her when she was in Scotland, and that it be-
cometh him to write such a style to a princess;
and that he was going over the sea to see the
world as he had done before, and had heard of
her liberality.
S. II. SEPT. 6, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
187
In the State Paper Office there are unpublished
documents relating to this matter. In one of
them, Sir Ralph Sadleir writes to Walsingham,
that —
" Upon friday last hither came a poore fellow, dwelling
at Ashboii, x miles hence, who useth to go on errands ;
and asking of the outward warders here for some of the
Scottish queene's gentlemen, he was brought to the gent.
Porter Salter, as all strangers ar, to whome he shewed
the litle IFe (here included) to be deliv'id to one of hers
for herself (and so is it directed). The gent. Porter
brought it to me. Upon the sight thereof, mistrusting
some greater mater to be hid under the color of the words
thereof wche seemed very strange unto me, I sent that
night iiij from hence in company of the messenger;
whereof ij went before to Sr Thorns Cockayn, dwelling at
that towne's end, to acquaint him w' suche a fellowes
being there, and to have assistance to apprehend him,
which very readily for the (?) did himself, and so took
the party named Edward Toky ; who being examined by
Mr Cockayn, answered as j-ou shall see it here included ;
he was not proceeded any further w'all there, as was so
thought good. The next day, my folk brought him
within two miles of this place, which I and Mr Somer
rode and examined him upon his Ire. He confessed to
have written and sent it, thinking that he did not offend
therein, but thought that the Sco. Queen had been the
Queene's Mats friend; and further, as you shall see by
his examinacon and confession herew* also sent. I was
fayne to set it down in short questions, and his answers
to them: for I found that he cowed not, or wold not,
answer ptinently to longer questions — such a running or
mad head sheweth he to have : and surely, to say what
I think of him, eyther he is a very noughty dissembling
body, which I cowed not well copy, or ells is not sound
of mynde, and of both I judge the later, both by his
fonde and vayne talke, alwayes smyling, and his mynde
ru'ning still on the c ducats in this his need ; and in his
gestures of body, and other unman'ly behavyor besyds
his wylde looke, and meane apparell for a gentleman's
eldest and onely son, as he say that he is, traveling abrode
so farre from his friends or acquaintance."
Besides the above, there is also an unpublished
examination of this person taken by Sir Thomas
Cockayne, headed thus : —
" The examination of Edward Tuckeye, taken the
xxiijth of October by me, Thomas Cockayne; the wch
Tuckeye is sonne, as he saithe, to George Tuckeye, dwel-
ling at Hunnington, in Haleshowine, in Woostershire."
And proceeds thus : —
" Firste, this examinate saithe that he came from the
forreste of Fecnam, and lay with one Shewere there half
a yeare a tennaunte of his fathers, and from thence he
came to Wedsberie Tewesdaye, where he lay all nighte at
an alehouse, not knowing his host's name. Wednesday
he came to TJlceter, and then he lay all night at the
sign of the Swanne. Thursday he came to Ashbourne,
&c., &c. "(Signed) " E. TOKYE."
I wish to know who was this man's father, who
we here learn was acquainted with the Queen of
Scotland ? In Nash's Worcestershire (vol. i. p.
517, &c.), and Appendix, No. 8, is mention of a
George Tuckey, or Tokeye, styled "esquire," also
"servant," to John Dudley, Earl of Warwick,
afterwardsDuke of Northumberland, who perished
on the scaffold. I think there was at one time
some negotiation for the marriage of his son
Robert, Earl of Leicester, with the Queen of
Scots. Perhaps this man may have been sent to
Scotland on the business. Any particulars re-
lating to him or his family would be acceptable.
It seems strange that Sir Walter Scott should
have omitted the above documents from his pub-
lication. C. P.
LINES BY LORD NELSON.
In the Letters of Lord Nelson to Lady Hamilton
(2 vols. 8vo, Lond. 1814), the tenth purports to
be written by the Admiral on board the " San
Joseph," and is dated 16 Feb. 1801. Assuming
it. to be a genuine composition, it, puts beyond
debate the naturally vulgar character of the hero's
mistress : but this by the way. Amongst other
matter (too gross for repetition) it contains the
following lines, which, notwithstanding their irre-
gularity and tameness, are a great curiosity — if
really by Lord Nelson. "I send you," says he
(vol. i. pp. 29, 30), " a few lines, wrote in the late
gale, which I think you will not disapprove : —
" Though 's polish'd verse superior shine,
Though sensibility grace every line ;
Though her soft Muse be far above all praise,
And female tenderness inspire her lays :
" Deign to receive, though unadorn'd
By the poetic art,
The rude expressions which bespeak
A Sailor's untaught heart !
" A heart susceptible, sincere, and true ;
A heart, by fate and nature, torn in two :
One half to duty and his country due ;
The other — better half— to love and you !
" Sooner shall Briton's sons resign
The empire of the sea ;
Than Henry shall renounce his faith,
AND PLIGHTED VOWS TO THEE !
" And waves on waves shall cease to roll,
And tides forget tc flow,
Ere thy true Henry's constant love
Or ebb or change shall know."
The italics and capitals are his own.
Both the place and date of this composition
suggest a doubt whether it is from the pen of
Nelson. The " San Joseph " was captured by
him at the battle off Cape St. Vincent in 1797,
and was immediately sent to Plymouth along with
another Spanish prize. We no where read that
the admiral hoisted his flag in her. In 1801, he
sailed (with Sir Hyde Parker) in the "St. George "
to the Baltic ; and there, before attacking Copen-
hagen, shifted his flag to the " Elephant." To-
wards the close of the same year, when appointed
to the command of the Channel Fleet, he hoisted his
flag in the "Medusa" frigate. Thus it will be seen,
that the above lines could not have been written,
as alleged, on board the Spanish ship, in the
year 1801. Who were the editors (there were
188
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"»S. II. SKIT. •
two at least, as appears from the advertisement
to the first volume) of the Leltert f Did Lady
Hamilton take an interest in the work ? 0.
SIIAKSPEARIANA: EDWARD HELDER.
The following scrap from the Canadian Free Press
of Aug. 1, if new to English readers, ought to find
a place in the columns of " N. & Q." The piece
of intelligence here contained, if founded on fact,
is very curious. But the circumstance may be
already familiar to Shakspearian critics and stu-
dents, or it may be a hoax.
" It appears that one of the pall-bearers of Shakspeare
is buried in the old burying ground of Fredericksburg,
Va. On one of the tombstones is the following inscrip-
tion : — ' Here lies the body of Edward Holder, practi-
tioner in physic and chirurgery. Bora in Bedfordshire,
England, in" the year of our Lord, 1542. Was contempo-
rary with and one of the pall-bearers to the body of Wil-
liam Shakspeare. After a brief illness his spirit ascended
in the year of our Lord 1618, aged 76.' "
W. CAREW HAZLITT.
Will some of your readers here, or over the
water, verify or demolish this very circumstantial
statement of fact? If genuine, it may lead to
the discovery of some further details of the poet's
life and death. If Helder thought it an honour
to have borne Shakspeare to his grave, and his sur-
vivors considered the fact so important as to have
it recorded on his tomb, may we 'not hope that
some verbal traditions, if not actual records, may
still exist concerning the poet's later life and
death? The author of a recent pamphlet —
"SHAKESPEARE: WAS HE A CHRISTIAN?" —
quotes from The Watchman and Reflector, a-i
American journal, a rather apocryphal anecdote :
that an old lady (of Stratford) said, fifty years
ago, that she heard from her grandmother, who
was present at the funeral sermon, that the con-
gregation "was very large and very serious in
their feelings ;" and that the preacher, after pour-
traying the poet's mighty powers, and comparing
his knowledge of human nature with that of the
Apostle Paul, exclaimed : " Would to God he had
been a Divine ! " Although very sceptical con-
cerning both these " facts," I am sure I speak for
hundreds of Shakspearians here in hoping that all
such stories may be carefully traced out, as they
may afford clues to the more important details,
unhappily so few and far between, relating to our
great poet's life. The Tercentenary of Shak-
speare's birth will soon arrive ; and American
Shakspearians could not send more welcome con-
tributions than a few genuine " new facts," which
may have been wafted over the Atlantic by the
poet's friends. ESTE.
THE FIRST FEINTED ADVERTISEMENT. — It ap-
pears from a clever article on Advertisements
before alluded to by me (2B<I S. viii. 58) in the
Quarterly Review (vol. xcvii. No. cxcm, p. 185),
that the very first advertisement the writer could
find was in the January No. of the Mercurius
Politicus, and ran thus : —
"Irenodia Gratulatoria, an Heroick poem; being a
congratulatory panegyrick for my Lord General's late
return, summing up his successes in an exquisite manner.
To be sold by John Holden, in the New Exchange,
London : Printed by Tho. Newcourt, 1652."
I am anxious to know whether any reader of
" N. & Q." has an earlier one than this in his
possession, as also something of the merits, and
the habitat of this work.
I recommend the entire article to all interested
persons, and will conclude by a short paragraph
from the New Orleans Correspondent's letter to
the New York Tribune : —
" The merchants of New Orleans are far more liberal
in advertising than those of your city, and it is they
alone which support most of our papers. One firm in
this city, in the drug business, expends 29,000 dollars
a-year in job printing, and 30,000 dollars in advertising.
A clothing firm has expended 50,000 dollars in adver-
tising in six months. Both establishments are now
enjoying the lion's share of patronage, and are deter-
mined to continue such profits and investments. A corn
doctor is advertising at over 10,000 dollars a month, and
the proprietor of a ' corner grocery ' on the outskirts of
the city has found it advantageous to advertise to the
extent of 7000 dollars during the past winter."
T. C. ANDERSON,
H. M.'s 12th Regt, Bengal Army.
SINGULAR BURIAL ENTRY. — In the register of
Sprotborough, Yorkshire, the following occurs : —
" Godfrey Copley, Esquire, late Lord of Sprotborough,
my singular good friend, and most worthy kindest patron,
departed this life ye 18th of November, in the morning,
A.D. 1633, and was buried y° 19th, at 9 o'clocke in y» night
in his own seat"
Is it known under what circumstances he died ?
The burial follows the death with unusual rapi-
dity. C. J. K.
BURTON GOGGLES. — Can any correspondent
give the derivation of Goggles, in the name of the
above parish, near Corby in Lincolnshire ?
F. C. H.
" THE CAPTIVE KNIGHT." — Who is the author
of the song or modern ballad called, I think, "The
Captive Knight," and beginning " A knight looked
down from a paynim tower ? " I thought Airs.
Hemans, but have hitherto failed to find it in the
collected edition of her Poems, published by W,
Blackwood and Sons. Q. Q.
CHARADE ; " SIR GEOFFRET LAY." — Would the
Editor of" N. & Q." be so kind as to insert in his
valuable miscellany the following " Poetical Cha-
rade," with a view to obtaining the answer (if
there is one) from some correspondent. If one
can be found, a boon will be conferred not only
3rd S. II. SEPT. 6, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
189
on the sender, but on many gouty sufferers like-
wise. The charade in question is to be found in
an old volume of the New Monthly Magazine,
and the initial * is appended. It has somewhat of
the ring of the writings of Winthrop Mackwortli
Praed, whose beautiful poetical enigmas are not
so well known as they deserve to be.
The charade has been shown to numbers of
people, but an answer never been discovered.
" Sir Geoffrey lay in his cushioned chair,
Nursing his gouty knee ;
The Lady Dorothy, tall and spare,
Was mixing his Colchicum tea;
And Beatrice, with her soft blue eyes,
Was teaching her poodle to jump at flies.
" Sir Geoffrey muttered, Sir Geoffrey moaned,
At each touch of his ancient foe ;
Aunt Dorothy grumbled, Aunt Dorothy groaned,
' Was there ever so red a toe ? '
That poor old knight, when it twinged him worst,
To the hatchet had willingly yielded my first.
" She smoothed his pillows, she mixed his draft,
No doctor was half so clever ;
He swallowed the pill, and the dose he quaffed,
But that toe was as red as ever ;
Oh a maiden lady of sixty-three
Makes my second but ill for a gouty knee.
" But Beatrice came with her tiny hand,
To where the old knight lay,
And a single touch, like a fairy's wand,
Hath banished the pain away ;
And Sir Geoffrey uttered nor cry nor call,
While blue-eyed Beatrice smoothed my all.
" I've read of Sir Benjamin's far-farmed skill,
At setting a broken bone ;
I've swallowed Sir Anthony's marvellous pill
When Sciatica twitched my own ;
But I never could hear, among rich or poor,
Of so wondrous a thing as Sir Geoffrey's cure.
" For all your doctors with all their brains
Might write till their pens ran dry ;
But they ne'er could have banished Sir Geoffrey's
pains ;
Shall I tell you the reason why ?
Old Galen's pages have quite left out,
A young maid's cure for an old man's gout."
OXONIENSIS.
CURIOUS CARVING. — I should be glad to know
the meaning of a design carved upon the pulpit
door of Sprotborough church, Yorkshire. It re-
present a jug, mug, and pack of cards ; the card
upon the top of the pack being, I think, the ten
of spades. The carving of the pulpit seems coeval
with that of the pewing, and not later than the
first half of the seventeenth century. C. J. R.
DYING WITH THE EBBING TIDE : A SEA-COAST
SUPERSTITION. — In reading David Copperfield,
one of Mr. Dickens's most celebrated works, I
was struck by the following passage ; which I
send in the hope of eliciting information, not
having noticed any allusion to the superstition
elsewhere : —
" ' He 's a-going out with the tide,' said Mr. Peggotly
to me, behind his hand.
" My eyes were dim, and so were Mr. Peggotty's ; but
I repeated in a whisper: ' With the tide? '
" ' People can't die, along the coast,' said Mr. Peggotty,
'except when the tide 's pretty nigh out. They can't be
born, unless it 's pretty nigh in — not properly born, till
flood. He 's a-going out with the tide. It 's ebb at half-
arter three, slack water half-an-hour. If he lives till it
turns, he '11 hold his own till past the flood, and go out
with the next tide.'
" We remained there, watching him, a long time —
hours
" Mr. Peggotty touched me, and whispered with much
awe and reverence : ' They are both a going out fast.'
" I was on the point of asking him if he knew me,
when he tried to stretch out his arm, and said to me dis-
tinctly, with a pleasant smile : ' Barkis is willin ! '
" And, it being low water, he went out with the tide."
I would fain learn whether this singular super-
stition be a real piece of Suffolk coast folk lore,
or an accessory of Mr. Dickens's own invention ?
As David Copperfield is said to embody many of
the author's early recollections, I think it may be
the former. C. H. E. CARMICHAEL.
Lincoln.
EDGAR. — An Alex. Edgar is described in one
of the books of the parish of S. Leith, about 1756,
as " from Netherhouses." There is a place of the
same name near Wedderly (par. Lauder), in
Berwickshire.
This Alex. Edgar appears to have been iden-
tical with Alex. Edgar of Auchingrammont, who
was born in 1698. Qu. Was Netherhouses a vil-
lage ? And is there any other place of the same
name in Scotland at the present day ?
With reference to the remarks of a correspon-
dent on this subject, may I ask where the will is
to be found of Mr. Edgar, who was secretary to
the Cardinal York, and who was living at Rome
with the latter when he died ? SPAL.
ERLESHALL " CHRONICLE." — In M'Crie's Life
of Knox (his son's edition, 1855, p. 124, note 8),
there is mention of a Chronicle by the Laird of
Erleshall, as being referred to by Knox in his
Historic. Is this Chronicle extant, and where ?
If published, when and how ? Q. Q.
GERARD : PRIESTLEY. —
" Das Gebiet des Komischen ist daher sehr weitlaufig,
und in alien wie in neuern Zeiten haben sich viele mit
Untersuchungen liber das Komische beschaftigt, mit
mehr oder minder gliicklicherem Resultat, je nach der
Verschiedenheit des Gesichtspunkts, von demsie ausgin-
gen, oder nach der richtigen oder unrichtigen Anwendung
algemeiner Lehrs&tze, auf die sie ihre Forsclmngen ge-
grundet haben. Unter die Alien gehoren hieher Aristoteles,
Cicero, Quintilian ; unter die Neuern bei den Franzosen
Vavasseur und Battieux ; bei den Englandern Home, Ge-
rard, Beattie und Priestley, u. s. w." — Die Hof- und Volks-
Narren, von Fr. Nick, Stuttgart, 1861, B. ii. Vorwort.
The list of writers on the comic, " is rather
wide than good." Home, I presume, is Lord
190
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"« S. II. SEPT. G, '62.
Kames ; who, as well as Beattie, said something on
the subject. I shall be glad to be told Priestley's
claims to be thus noticed ; and who was Gerard ?
FITZHOPKINS.
Fontaineblcan.
HAREFIELD, OR HARVIL — About six miles from
Uxbridge there is a village called Harefield, but
which on old maps is marked Harvil. The people
say their town was' once much larger, but was
ruined by a battle. From the circumstance of the
spot where the prison used to stand having been
pointed out to me, I infer this must have happened
during the civil wars in the time of Charles.
w.w.
LECTURES AT INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. —
Have any lectures been delivered on the present
International Exhibition similar to those of the
Society of Arts in 1851 ? ' W. M. M.
MISTER. — Two derivations have been given of
the word Mister, contracted Mr.
1. From the Gr. nwrrt\piov, Eng. " mystery." In
the Middle Ages, mechanical arts were kept se-
cret, and a man's trade was called his mystery, as
in Chaucer : —
" In youth he learned hadde a good mistere :
He* was a wel good wright, a carpentere." — Prol.
We find frequently in Spenser, the phrase :
" What mister wight is that ? " e. g. What is that
man's employment, consequently, condition of
life?
2. From Fr. maistrie, from magister (magis-
terium), which means also a trade.
Qu. When was the title Mr. first universally
prefixed to the surnames of the commonalty of
England ? It is very curious that a word, which
originally meant some mechanical art or trade,
should be prefixed to the names of the proudest
English aristocracy. A. L. MATHEW.
Oxford.
PRICE, COMPTROLLER. — A Price was "Comp-
troller of the King's kitchen" in the reign of
James I., and described as filling " a very con-
siderable post," and keeping a very great table.
What was the nature of the appointment, and
what office corresponds to it now ? Who was
Price, and where was his " considerable estate ? "
In North Wales ? Was he buried in London ?
Where could the date of his appointment at
Court be ascertained ? E. P.
QUOTATION. — Is the remark, that "the clergy
are orthodox liars for God," rightly attributed to
Coleridge ? J. P.
RHYME TO CHIMNEY. — To find a word that
will rhyme with chimney is a well-known diffi-
culty ; and well-known also is the mock solution
of the problem by the authors of the Rejected Ad-
dresses : —
" Thick calf, fat foot, and slim knee,
Mounted on roof and chimney"
But my present object is to inquire, Who first
I proposed the problem, and where? It was fami-
[ liar to Sir R. L'Estrange, for he has in the Visions
of Quevedt>, p. 4, ed. s. d. : —
"Some (poets) are beating their Heads, and biting
' their Lips, in a Rage thnt they cannot come to a Resolu-
tion whether they shall say Face or Vitage; whether
Jail or Gaol! whether Cony or Cunny, because it <
from Ciiniculut, a Rabbit. Others are at their Jfit's end
I for a Rhyme to Chimney, and walk musing in a brown
study till they drop into a Hole, and then they give us
trouble enough to draw them out again."
E. S. J.
ST. PETER'S, SHEFFIELD. — In the old parish
churchyard of Sheffield (St. Peter's) I remember
when quite a boy there existed a large old flat
gravestone, which, to the best of my remembrance,
was not far from the entrance to the bell- tower,
on the north side of the church ; it recorded that
the occupant of the grave beneath (whose name and
time of decease I now quite forget) " lived in yc
reigns of twelve crowned heads of Englande."
It is now many years since I saw this stone, and
can find no traces of its existence ; or, if it does
exist, the lettering must have become quite obli-
terated. Perhaps some of your readers may be
enabled to furnish information respecting the
name and date, and who were comprised in these
" twelve crowned heads." HALLAMSHIIIE.
STRATFORD FAMILY. — In the Ilarl. MS. pedi-
gree, No. 1543, Straitford of Farm Cote, county
of Gloucester, commencing with John Stratford of
the thirteenth Parliament of Edward II. His son,
the next in succession, Sir Stephen Stratford,
Knt., is said to have married Elizabeth, daughter
of Robert, Lord Monkault. As no such barony
is to be found in Dugdale's Baronets, he must
have been a foreigner, possibly a Scotch Baron,
as the Stratfords have a tradition that they be-
lieved he was such. Could you inform me who
he was, and what is known respecting him ?
John Stratford, the tenth in succession (I have
learned from other sources died in 1553), appears
to have been the first of the family seated at
Farm Cote. He married Margaret, the daughter
of William Tracey ; who was, I believe, the re-
presentative or a descendant of the William de
Traci, one of the four who killed Thomas a
Becket, in 1170, in Canterbury Cathedral ; from
whom also descended the Viscount Tracys of
Rathpoole, in the peerage of Ireland. Would
you give the descent of the William Tracy, whose
daughter was the wife of the above John Strat-
ford ? And also that of the last Viscount Tracy,
who died in 1797, from the William de Traci who
killed Archbishop Becket in 1170.
WILLIAM INGALL.
S. II. SEPT. 6, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
191
BULSTRODE WHITELOCK'S MEMORIALS. — Is there
any hope that the original manuscript of Bulstrode
Whitelock's Memorials of English Affairs may
yet exist ? Imperfect and corrupt as they are,
these annals are one of the most valuable docu-
ments we possess relative to the great civil war.
The unpublished passages probably surpass in in-
terest the portions we have at present. It would
seem, from the following, that there is yet some
chance of the recovery of this precious docu-
ment : —
" A great portion of his Annals, containing an im-
mense amount of suppressed passages, not suffered to
appear either in the first or second edition of the Me-
morials, has seemingly been lost in some inexplicable
way. The probability is, that one of his descendants has
mislaid them ; and hence my hope that time may reveal
the spot where they lie neglected and forgotten." —
Memoirs, Biographical and Historical, of Bulstrode White -
lock, by R. II. Whitelocke, 1862, p. 444.
K. P. D. E.
PANEL : INTRAN. — Can any legal antiquary
explain the etymology of the following terms ? —
1 . Panel as applied in Scotland to an accused
person upon and after his appearance in court for
trial. Baron Hume states that the justiciary
court in 1695 enacted that this term should be so
used, and not defender, prisoner, &c. Pannel, in
English law, seems to have reference to the jury,
and not to have a well-settled or intelligible deri-
vation.
2. Intran. used in all old records of criminal trials
in Scotland, and perhaps used in the courts to this
day, immediately before the mention of the ap-
pearance of thepanel. It stands in a line by itself,
is italicised as if it were Latin, and may be a con-
traction. What is the full word, what does it
mean when used as above, and how derived ?
Q. Q.
[The etymology of the term Panel is doubtful. Sir
Edw. Coke says, "'Panel is an English word, and signifieth
a little part, for a pane is a part, and a panel is a little
part." (Co. Lift. 158, b.) Spelman derives the word from
pagella, a little page, supposing the g to be changed to n.
(Gloss, tit. " Panella.") In tho old work called Les
Termes de la Ley, pannel is said to come from the French
word panne, a skin ; whence, in barbarous Latin might
come panellus or panella, signifying a little skin of parch-
ment: hence, the jury, or the names of those inscribed
upon it, were termed thepaneZ. Luder remarks, in his tract
On the use of the French Language in our Ancient Laws :
" In the earliest records of the forms of jury-prccess, as
given by Glanville, it appears that the sheriff was com-
manded by the writs in certain real actions to cause to be
imbreviated (imbreviari facere) the names of the jurors
by whom the land in question was viewed. But at this
time the word panel never occurs, nor is it used by Brae-
ton, Fleta, or Britton, nor in any statute earlier than
20 Edw. III. c. 6 (1349), which forbids sheriffs from
putting suspected persons in 'arrays of panels.' This
was precisely the period at which the French language
began to be fully introduced into our law proceedings."
In Scotland the term pannel is applied to one brought
to the bar of a court for trial. (" The defender is, after his
appearance, styled the pannel" Erskine's Inst. b. iv. t. iv.
ch. 90). The word, says Jamieson (m loco), although
used in Scotland in a peculiar sense, must be viewed as
the same with the English panel, which denotes a sche-
dule, containing the names of a jury who are to pass on a
trial. Intran. (which is most probably a contraction of
some barbarous Latin term) manifestly refers to the ac-
tual presence or " appearance " of the " panel " or pri-
soner, just as we in England say he is brought to the bur,
and puts himself upon his country.]
"THEOLOGICAL DOUBTS," ETC. — Who was the
author of Theological Doubts, or an Inquiry into
the Divine Institution of the Priestly Office, by a
Layman ; originally published in Dublin by A.
Kilburn, 1776, and the second edition in London
by John Green, 121, Newgate Street, 1841 ? In
p. 387, of the second edition, reference is made to
" the renowned William Jones of Pluckley, in
Kent." Who was he ? And what was he re-
nowned for ?
What is known of Mr. Burgh, whose book drew
forth the Theological Doubts ? For what place
was he M. P. ? F.
[We have not been able to discover the author of
Theological Doubts. The work that elicited it is entitled,
A Scriptural Confutation of the Arguments against the One
Godhead of the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, produced ly the
Rev. Mr. Lindsay in his Apology. By William Burgh,
Esq. This work obtained for the author the honour of a
Doctor's degree, by diploma, from the University of
Oxford. Mr. Burgh died at York on the 26th of Dec,
1808. See a long biographical notice of him in the Gsnt.
May., July, 1809, p. 611. Wm. Jones of Pluckley, is
better known as of Nayland, a learned, pious, and exem-
plary divine, author of The Catholic Doctrine of the
Trinity, and original projector of The British Critic."}
BOOKER'S "BLOODY IRISH ALMANACK, 1646."
Can you oblige me with a few bibliographical
particulars of this publication, of which a copy
was lately sold by Messrs. Sotheby and Wilkin-
son, but which I have never seen ? According to
Lowndes, (Bonn's ed. vol. i. p. 237), it " contains
some memorable particulars relative to the war in
Ireland," and "is the only work of Booker worth
the reader's notice."
I have a copy of Bourk's Hibernice Merlinus,
1683 ; and I shall be glad to know the date of the
earliest Irish almanack. William Farmer, Chirur-
geon, " writ," says Walter Harris, in a slip added
to some copies of his edition of Ware's Writers of
Ireland, p. 363, " an Almanack for Ireland, Dub-
lin, 1587, 4to, which I mention as being perhaps
the earliest almanack ever published in or for that
country." ABHBA.
[Booker's Irish Almanack consists of fifty-seven pages
of small quarto. The full title reads, " A Bloody Irish
Almanack, or Rebellious and Bloody Ireland, discovered in
some Notes extracted out of an Almanack, printed at
Waterford in Ireland for this Yeare 1646. (Then follows
an hieroglyphic engraving.) Whereunto are annexed
192
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3«» S. II. SKIT. C, '62.
some Astrologicall Observations upon a Conjunction of
the two Malignant Planets Satvrne and Mara in the
midle of the Signe Tavrvs the Ilorroscope of Ireland,
upon Friday the 12 of June thisYeare 1646, with memor-
able Predictions and Occurrences therein. By John
Booker. Printed at London for John Partridge, 164<) : "
i. e. March 18, 1645-6. Booker died in April, 1667, and
his books were sold to Elian Ashmole, who, as Lilly
informs us, gave more for them than they were worth.]
GENERAL WADE. — It is stated by Chambers,
in his Domestic Annals of Scotland, vol. iii. p. 562,
that a Latin inscription from the pen of Dr.
Freind of Westminster, complimentary to Wade's
skill as an engineer and road-maker, was placed
upon the Tay-bridge built by the general. Can
any Scottish correspondent of " N. & Q." oblige
me with this inscription ? F. K.
[The following is the inscription : —
" Mirare
Viam hanc Militarem
Ultra Romanes Terminos
M. Passuum CCL hac iliac extensam
Tesquis et Paludibus insultantem
Per Kupes Montesque patefactam
Et indignanti Tavo
Ut cernis instratam :
Opus hoc arduum situ solertia
Et decennali Militum opera
Anno Mr. X» 1733 perfecit G. WADE
Copiarum in Scotia Prafectus.
Ecce quantum valeant
Regia Georgij 2di Auspicia."
The aid of good Dr. Robert Freind was so constantly
invoked for epitaphs and inscriptions, that Pope, jealous
of his celebrity on that score, wrote the following surly
epigram on him : —
" Friend, for your epitaphs I'm grieved,
Where still so much is said,
One half will never be believed,
The other never read."]
THE BAPTISM OP CHUECH BELLS. — In the Bee-
hive of the Romish Church, written by John Stell,
and published in 1580, are the following words : —
" Nowe, over and above all this, the belles are not only
conjured and hallowed, but are also baptized; and have
apoynted for them godfathers, which hold the rope
(wherewith they are tied) in their hands, and doe answere,
and say Amen, to that which the suffragane or bishop
doth speak or demand of the belle ; and then they put a
new coat or garment upon the belle, and so conjure it. to
the driving away of all the power, craft, and subtiltie
of the devil!, and to the benefit and profit of the souls of
them that bee dead (especially if they be rich, and can
pave the sexton well,) and for many other like thynges.
Insomuche that the belles are so holy, that so long as the
church and people are (upon any occasion) excommuni-
cate, they may not bee rung."
I shall be glad if some of your readers will
favour me with fuller particulars as to the origin,
disuse, &o., of this ancient custom, as well as refer-
ences to any works bearing on the subject.
W. I. S. H.
[Consult for the Benediction or Baptism of Bells Mar-
tene, De Antiquit Eccletitt Ritibiu, lib. ii. cap. xxi. (tome
ii. 828), edit 1736, which contains the service for the oc-
casion. AUo, Hook'i Church Dictionary, p. 100, edit
1854; The Sell, by Dr. A. Gttty, pp. 21-27, and Hone's
Every- Day Book,~\\. 139.3
SMART'S SOHG TO DAVID. — Can /3, or any
reader of "N. & Q." inform me whether th
an edition of Christopher Smart's poems contain-
ing the Song to David, unquestionably the finest
of his productions ?
I once ordered a copy of his poems to be for-
warded to me by a London bookseller, and to my
surprise foun.d it did not contain the Song to
David, which some time before I had seen in the
first edition of Chambers's Cyclopaedia of J'.
Literature. OXONIENSIS.
[Christopher Smart's Song to David is not included in
the collected edition of his poems published in two vols.
12mo, 1791. It was long supposed that it had never been
printed, having, according to tradition, been only written
upon the walls of the apartment in which he was confined
as a lunatic ; and a writer in the Quarterly Review (vol. xi.
p. 497), after quoting some passages from it, lamented
the loss of a poem which exhibits so much genius. The
Song to David was however printed separately in the
year 1763, and also at the end of his Translation of the
Psalms attempted in the Spirit of Christianity, and adapted
to the Divine Service, 4to, 1765. It consists of eighty-six
stanzas.]
CROMWELL TOKEF. — Will any numismatist bo
good enough to explain the coin described below,
which is in my possession. It is apparently a
half-crown of Oliver Cromwell, but not of genuine
silver, probably pewter, a good deal worn, and
coarsely executed ; on the face is the head of the
Protector and the usual legend, on the reverse are
the arms as usual, and the legend, " Fax quseritur
bello," which is by mistake engraved bellon. With-
in the legend on each side of the escutcheon, arc
in the same type, and evidently contemporary with
it, the words Garden Crom. Beneath the es-
cutcheon is the figure 6, with a small mark like
a d above it. The weight is about 162£ grains.
The Commonwealth, we know, circulated pewter
tokens for necessary change; but I can no where
find any record that any were struck with Oliver
Cromwell's effigy. T. PYNDAR LOWE.
Thorp Hall, Colchester.
[Our correspondent is the fortunate possessor of a rare
piece. It is the refreshment ticket of admission (6<f.) to
the Cromwell Gardens at Old Brompton, a favourite place
of public resort in the middle of the last century. It was
here that Hughes, who built the Surrey theatre in 1782,
used to exhibit his feats of horsemanship.]
COLBERTEEN : MARLi. — Can any of your readers
inform me what description of lace colberteen was?
It is spoken of by Swift, Congreve, Evelyn, and
others. Johnson says, " a kind of lace worn by
women." Handle Holme, " a kind of lace with a
square grounding."
The Alenqon point manufacture was established
by Colbert, but colberteen would appear to have
been an inferior lace.
Again, what texture was "inarli." In Tableau
de Paris, 1782, we find, "Le tul, le gaz, et le
S. II. SEI-T. 6, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
193
marli ont occupe cent mille mains, et Ton a vu des
soldats faire de marli," &c. C. M.
[" Colberteen,a kind of open lace with a square ground-
ing." (Ogilvie, Supp.) " Colbertain, a kind of lace men-
tioned in Holme's Academy of Armory, 1688. (Halliwell).
"Marli (says Landais), tissu a jour en fil ou en soie,
fabrique sur le me'tier a faire de la gaze."]
MILTON'S "PARADISE LOST." — I have recently
obtained a copy of Milton's Paradise Lost, which
was published in 1669, in, as I suppose, the second
edition. Will you have the kindness to inform me
whether copies of that edition are either rare or
valuable ? H.
[The first edition of Milton's Paradise Lost was issued
with eight different title-pages, with the dates 1667, 1668,
1669. See Todd's Life of Milton, 1809, pp. 109, 190;
Lowndes's Bibliographer's Manual (Bohn), art. MILTON,
and " N. & Q." 2"d S. v. 82. The second edition did not
appear till 1674. Our correspondent's copy, 1669, con-
tains either the seventh or eighth title-page according to
Mr. Bohn's list, and has lately sold for SI. 3s. (Bliss),
4i. 10s. (Utterson), 41. 6s. (Gardner.) Sea other prices in
Bohn's Lowndes, p. 1558.]
A CHURCHWARDEN'S ANSWERS (temp. ELIZ.)
TO CERTAIN "ARTYCLES" PROPOSED TO HIM BEYOND
THE USUAL QUESTIONS ON THE REGISTER.
(3rd S. ii. 104.)
The warden, in this case, seems to have left a
rough copy of the answers he gave officially : —
1. "A reply to some questions as to a nun, and the
payment of her annuity."
2. " We had none," that we know of.
3. " Noe," payment.
4. Concerning a monk's annuity.
5. " As before."
When Eeligious Houses were arbitrarily se-
questered at the Reformation, pensions (" poor
pittances ") were allowed to the inmates, turned
out into the wide world, without any means of
support. The amount for each, according to his
rank, was fixed by the Commissioners, and charged
upon the estates belonging to the nunnery or
monastery, as it may be ; which they took pos-
session of, stock and block, for Henry VIII. And
these annual pensions were probably paid through
the churchwardens of the parish, into which each
may have retreated to finish his life, eking out a
poor existence from the King's bounty. Ex uno
disce omnes. Take what happened at Taunton
Priory : —
" TAWNETON. — Herafter ensuyth the namys of the
late p'or and Covente of Tawneton in the countie of
SomV with the annuall pencons assigned vnto them by
vertue of the Kinges highnes com'ission, the xij daye of
ffebruary in the xxx11 yere of the reigne of or sou'eigne
Lorde Kinge henry the viijth the furst payment of the
saide pencons & eu'ry of them to begynne at the ffeaste
of th' annunciacon of or blessid Ihdy next comyng for
one halfe yere, and so to be paide from halfe yere to halfe
yere durynge ther lyffes.
" That is to saye : —
Will'm Will'ms p'or - - - lx»
Will'm Gregory - - xu
Willi'm Baylye - vju xiij8 iiijd
Nicholas Berame - vju
John Heywarde " , •/ • ^ • cvj* viijd
Thomas Dale - cvj' viijd and
the Cure of Saynt Jamys in Tawneton [suinge
to haue for his yerly wages viiju ac-
comptynge his pencon for p'te of the
same.
Thomas Mathewe - cvj8 viijrt
Will'm P'son - cvj8 viijd
John Waren - cvj8 viijd
Will'm Bynnesmede - cvj8 viijd
Will'm Culronde - cvj8 viijd
John Cockeram - cvj5 viijd
" Thomas Crumwell.
Jo. Tregonwell.
Wylliam Petre.
John Smyth."
Extract from Pension Book, vol. 245, No. 144.
From the original document in the Augmenta-
tion Office, intituled — " Certificates of Monas-
teries surrendered into Thandes of the Comys-
sioners to the vse of the kings Majestie and his
heires for ever," I find " Pencons assigned to the
late religiouse dispetched," of the same amount to
each inmate, when the Priory of Christ Church,
Hants, was dissolved, and
" the Houses & Buyldings deemed to be superfluous, the
Church, dormytory, cbaptrehouse, ffrayter, &c., comytted
to the custodie of Willm Avery, essquier, to thuse of the
kings matie. The Plate of Goolde, Silver gylte, juelles,
&c., were resued to the use of the kings majestie."
In a word, Henry VIII. pocketed every thing,
giving only to the ejected Monks or Nuns such
slender annuities as are mentioned above. These
explanations will, perhaps, help GRIME to the solu-
tion of his Query.
QUEEN'S GARDENS.
EXECUTION OF ARGYLE.
(3rd S. ii. 152.)
MR. GREAVES virtually concedes that his con-
jecture of the shifting of the head, as alluded to
by Sir George Mackenzie, having taken place
after a partial hanging and disembowelling, must
be erroneous. I pointed out that in Scotland no
culprit who was sentenced to be hanged and be-
headed, was ever subjected to the decapitation
till he had been hanged " quhill he be deid ; " and
MR. GREAVES, who says he has searched Pitcairn's
work, does not aver that he has found anything to
the contrary.
It humbly appears to me that MR. GREAVES is
over sensitive, and that he has no right, from any-
thing I said, to tax me with discourtesy to him,
all intention of which I entirely disclaim. Surely
the statement that any man, after being half
194
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. SEPT. 6, '62.
hanged, nnd had his bowels taken out, could
knock down the executioner, is not, primd facie,
so very credible as to be believed merely because
some one has said or printed it ; and I am in the
judgment of your readers, whether the illustration
I ventured to give, by way of comparison, was
uncivil or out of place. He must excuse me for
saying that I retain my scepticism, and would not
be satisfied unless I saw the fact averred by an
unexceptionable eye-witness to it. Chief Justice
Holt was probably misled ; and it is more rational
to suppose so than to credit what must, at any
rate, be all but, if not absolutely, a physical im-
possibility; while I can appeal to what cannot be
ilenied to be good negative evidence on the sub-
ject. Pepys, in his Diary, vol. i. p. 162, says, —
" I went out to Charing Cross to see Major-General
Harrison hanged, drawn, and quartered, which was done,
he looking as cheerful as any man could do in that con-
dition. He was presently cut down, and his head and
heart shewn to the people; at which there was great
shouts."
Not a word here as to the blow of the execu-
tioner : a very unlikely circumstance to have been
overlooked and left unnoticed by so minute and
gossiping a writer. Again, Mr. Caulfield, in his
Memoir of the Regicides (1820), alluding to Har-
rison's execution, says, —
" Some seeing his hands and legs tremble very much,
noticed it, when he assured them that it was an infirmity
which he had been subjected to for twelve years, owing
to the vast quantity of blood he had lost by wounds in
the battles he had fought, and that it had ever since af-
fected his nerves."
Does this corroborate his alleged ability to
knock down the executioner ? T.
With regard to the tortures inflicted on the un-
fortunate Taeping prisoners, I beg to inform your
correspondent FITZHOPKINS that there is no state-
ment in the account that exceeds the bounds of
possibility, though so grossly inhuman and bar-
barous. The instance of the enceinte woman who
had her child cut out of her womb is simply a
case of Caesarian section, — an operation which
in extreme cases is performed by the profession,
though, thanks to the anaesthetic influence of
chloroform, with not such agony [as doubtless at-
tended the Chinese operation. The words in
italics about the mother clasping her offspring so
firmly that they could not be separated mi^ht
apply when the mother was dying, but when life
was extinct the muscles would relax, and then
of course the bodies could be disentangled.
W. I. S. H.
PREMATURE INTERMENTS.
(3rd S. ii. 156.)
In the Appendix to Literary Recollections, by the
Rev. Richard Warner, your correspondent MD.
will find some interesting cases of apparent death,
and the opinion upon them of Dr. Moyes, a lec-
turer on Natural Philosophy in the last century.
As your readers may not have access to the work,
although copies of it are very common, I will
transcribe one paragraph, which bears upon the
point of inquiry of MD. : —
" After the Doctor had related this anecdote, a gentle-
man present mentioned the stories which had been told
of persons having come to life after they had been put
in their coffins. I said I imagined this to be imposribte ;
because, if the want of respirable air in a closed coffin
were sufficient to destroy a living person, it must positively
prevent the restoration of a person apparently dead. The
Doctor, however, thought that I reasoned inconclusively;
and remarked, that a body which does not breathe cannot
want air while it continues in that state; and, therefore,
it cannot consume the air which was already in the coffin
when the lid was shut down. If it should afterwards
resume the faculty of breathing, it may make two or
three inspirations; after which the want of air would
produce actual suffocation, in the manner of a quiet sleep.
I asked him if it were possible that, daring two or three
inspirations, the mind might be in a state of agony and
terror, perceiving its horrible situation ; but he thought
it not possible that in so very short a time the faculties
could be sufficiently awakened, to be capable of perceiving
anything, before the suffocation would take place."
This is also the opinion of several medical men
with whom I have conversed. It is very important
that sound knowledge should be diffused on this
subject, as no doubt the apprehension referred to
has been the cause of much mental suffering. I
knew a lady upon whose mind it had preyed to an
extent such as to embitter her existence. Her
mind had been first startled by some magazine-
account of a number of cases where the corpse
bad been found turned upon the side, and sup-
posed to be the desperate effort of returning con-
sciousness. The much more probable explanation
is, that the body in such cases had been shaken
into that position in the passage from the home to
the grave.
The passages to which I have referred will be
found pp. 389, 395, Literary Recollections.
I have extracted the following cutting from the
Cork Daily Reporter, Aug. 14, 1862: —
"STRANGE CASE OF SUSPENDED ANIMATION. — A
strange case of this nature occurred a few days ago in this
city, the sufferer being an old woman of over sixty years
of age. This person was a caretaker of a house in Nelson
Street, and it appears that the gentleman who owned the
house went to it on Thursday morning and found the
woman lying on the floor, in her night clothes, apparently
dead. She had not been seen by any person after Wed-
nesday evening. He called in the police, who pronounced
her lifeless, and sent a requisition to the coroner to hold
an inquest on the body. The coroner arrived about three
o'clock, and was about swearing a jury, when a police-
man intimated to him that he thought he felt warmth in
the deceased's hands. The coroner examined the body,
and soon found that there was a slight action of the heart,
almost imperceptible. He immediately called for brandy,
warm water, and towels, and directed those present to
rub her limbs. In a short time the action of the heart
began to be more distinct, and when the brandy was ap-
S. II. SEPT. 6, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
195
plied the supposed decease began to move. She opened
her eyes, and began to look about her, to the great alarm
of many who were present, who could scarcely be pre-
vented from running away. The poor woman was alive
on Sunday, and doing very well."
T. B.
CUSTOMS IN THE COUNTY OF WEXFORD:
THE IRISH FUNERAL CRY.
(3rd S. ii. 59, 152.)
My original note on some of the customs of the
county of Wexford has, I arn glad to find, pro-
duced the effect which I contemplated, namely,
a variety of learned theories, but beyond these I
do not find any of the gentlemen who have written
on the subject in " N. & Q." to come to any point
that may be termed conclusive. However, a dis-
cussion on a given point answers all the purposes
of a good cross-examination of a witness, and
evokes valuable collateral information which points
to something that may be relied upon as approxi-
mating to what is sought. The valuable note of
MR. F. CHANCE (3rd S. ii. 152) and others which
have appeared since this question was mooted, have
given me some insight on a subject which I have
for many years Cuttle-ised from many authors and
places where I found allusion to it. I allude to
the ancient and misunderstood^ — if indeed not
ridiculed — Irish funeral cry, commonly pro-
nounced the Irish Keenc. From an early period
of my investigation, I had arrived at the no-
tion that this cry was derived from an ancient
Eastern Hebrew custom, and MB. CHANCE'S Note
strengthened me in that respect. The first time
I ever heard the Irish funeral cry was in the
county of Roscommon, and I concluded that I
had previously heard something very like it. At
that time I was acquainted with an affluent and
intelligent Jewish family in Dublin, and fre-
quently had been a guest at their feasts and fes-
tivals. On the vigils of their great festivals I
had frequently dined at the house of the Rabbi,
or High Priest, where I used to meet a large
company of Hebrews, all wealthy and educated
persons ; and the ceremonies that took place
during the night were extremely interesting to
me. One portion was a song or lamentation,
which was given out by the master of the house,
the High Priest, the guests joining in a chorus
wild and beautifully euphonious, and this exactly
resembled the Irish funeral cry. I find in the
History of the Travels of Maria Theresa Amur,
a Babylonian princess, published in 1844, 2 vols.
by Colburn (vol. i. pp. 95, 211), that in Mesopo-
tamia and other eastern countries, at funerals
women are hired for the purpose of preceding
the body to interment, strewing flowers on the
way and on the grave, and raising a lamentable
cry during the procession. I also find it stated in
the Irish Chronicles written by O'Conor 1600
years B.C., that the Irish Alphabet and language
came from Phoenicia, and the same as was used by
Moses and the Jews up to the time of the Cap-
tivity, and was the very same spoken at Carthage
more than 3000 years ago. The Keeners both in the
East and in Ireland recounted the good, virtuous,
and hospitable conduct of the deceased, lamenting
the loss and almost with Hamlet despairing of
" ever looking on his like again." Two other cir-
stances I may mention. It is true these are not
strong corroborative evidence, but may go for
what they are worth. I have been often struck
with the similarity that exists between the names
of Irish localities and others in India, Syria,
Persia, and other Eastern countries. Indeed, the
similarity has been more than strong, for a short
time since a learned Irish scholar (Mr. M. A.
O'Brennan) now editor and proprietor of a news-
paper in Galway, published a list showing an
identity in the orthography and pronunciation of
such places. And I also find the Irish word
Hurrah (almost universal now) originated from
an Oriental language, and was used as a war-cry.
It is a Sclavonic word, and means Paradise, — that
is, all who died in a just war in defence of his
country would enjoy Paradise. It is true these
are only hypotheses, but I think on investigation
they will be found of some little interest. Another
circumstance is the fact that in the East the
Arabs have a dance called Pedro-Pill, and the
Irish have a dance of the very same name, and
most of us have seen this dance on the stage by
professional Scotchmen ; it is called the sword
dance. It consists merely of laying two swords
crosswise and dancing round the points and across
the blades without touching them ; sticks being
used in Ireland instead of swords ; and to make
use of an Irish term, it requires the dancer to
handle his feet with great agility and caution in
order to go through the performance. I fear I
have exhausted the space allowable in " N. & Q.,"
and therefore must reserve further remarks for a
future number. S. REDMOND.
Liverpool.
HENRY MUDDIMAN.
(3rd S. ii. 147.)
I can carry the history of this newswriter a step,
but only a step, further than the notes already
given by MESSRS. COOPER. On the commence-
ment of the London Gazette by Joseph William-
son, in 1665, Muddiman, previously a news agent
of Williamson, was discarded ; and attached him-
self to the interests of Sir William Morice, Se-
cretary of State, by medium of Sir William's
secretary, John Cook. He endeavoured to retain
all his former news correspondents, by persuading
them that Sir William was the principal secretary,
196
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. SEPT. 6, '62.
through whom alone all important business was
transacted. This was untrue, for Sir Wm. Morice,
as appears by his letter- books, was chiefly, though
not entirely, occupied in foreign correspondence. I
It was also very offensive to Williamson, whose j
patron and master was Lord Arlington, the other
Secretary of State. An old clerk of the Post
Office, by name James Ilickes, exasperated the
parties still further, — by complaints of the losses
to the Office from the free transmission of Mud-
diman's letters, and by accounts of the ruses he
employed in seducing the Gazette correspondents
to direct their letters to him.
Muddiman was himself an elaborate newswriter,
and his MS. news letters, or rather newspapers,
for such they really are, regularly circulated to
his subscribers, unless intercepted at the Post
Office. That this was sometimes done, is proved
by the fact of their being occasionally found in
the State Papers endorsed, in Williamson's hand,
" Muddiman " or " Mudd."
Williamson had an agent, John Francis, who
had similar subscribers for news letters ; and
there was a rivalry between the two as to the
length and value of their respective communica-
tions ; so that when a subscriber thought himself
ill-supplied by the one, he would threaten to em-
ploy the other.
Writing from the country, I cannot enter into
further detail ; but the facts here recorded will
be substantiated in due time by my Calendar of
the papers of 1665 to 1667, beyond which period
I know nothing as yet of Muddiman.
M. A. EVERETT GREEN.
Your accomplished correspondents, C. H. and
THOMPSON COOPER, lose sight of Mr. Muddiman
in 1665. I am happy to introduce him again to
those gentlemen, eleven years later, namely in
1676. In the latter year, Sir George Etherege's
comedy The Man of Mode, or Sir Fopling Flutter,
was first played at the Duke's Theatre, in Dorset
Gardens, ft is a comedy of the day, and all its
allusions are to contemporary men and things —
the men and things, that is to say, of 1676. Among
these allusions is one to the old newswriter, who
appears to be still connected, and that in a lead-
ing way, with the press. In Act III. Scene 2,
the following passage occurs: —
" Emilia. You are a Hying libel, a breathing lampoon.
I wonder you are not torn in pieces.
"Medley. What think you of setting up an office of in-
telligence for these matters? The project may get money.
" Lady Townley. You will have great dealings with
country ladies.
" Medley. More than Muddiman. has with their hus-
bands."
From the above it would seem that, in 1676,
Muddiman, as a journalist, was supporting the
landed interest, or the " country party."
J. DOBAN.
WHITTINGTON AND HIS CAT (3rd S. ii. 121.) —
MR. LYSONS, I fear, is not so completely out of
the wood as he seems to think he is. I grant him
all he claims, and even that the sculpture in ques-
tion was executed by Whittington u own order,
and yet I see in it no proof of the legend of the
cat. There are, in fact, many other ways of ac-
counting for it. Suppose, for example, that when
he was a poor boy he had a cat and nothing more,
his sole companion and friend, it was quite in
Whittington's character to wish to commemorate
this his early condition, and so to have had it cut
in stone to form one of the ornaments of his house.
This then, when the memory of the real cause had
been lost, may have given occasion to the appro-
priating to him a cat-legend, probably current at
the time ; for it must not be forgotten that this
legend was known in both Europe and Asia many
years before Whittington was born. This, in fact,
is to any one versed in these inquiries, proof quite
sufficient of the legendary character of the sup-
posed foundation of Whittington's fortune. So in
the same work, my Tales and Popular Fictions, I
gave as a convincing proof of the legendary cha-
racter of Tell's shooting the apple, the fact that
long before Tell was born the same story had been
told of a hero named Toko, by Saxo Grammaticus.
Hogarth, when painting his own portrait, added
that of his favourite dog. Had he lived in Whit-
tington's time we should, in all probability, have
had a legend of the dog. THOS. KEIGUTLEY.
NAPOLEON'S ESCAPE FROM ELBA (3rd S. ii. 129,
155.) — I am ignorant of the authority for the
anecdote of Prince Talleyrand, told by SM. DE.,
but if M. de Talleyrand was ill in bed on March 7,
the day on which the news arrived at Vienna, his
recovery must have been rapid, for on the 8th he
left Vienna for Presburg with Prince Metternich
and the Duke of Wellington, and did not return
to it till the 12th. The news isolated in Harden-
berg's Memoires to have been made known at the
court entertainment, and if this was the case (a
fact which he could easily have ascertained from
the persons attached to his mission), it is not
likely that he would have resorted to the strong
measure of locking up a lady of his own family,
even for a few hours. L.
CENTENARIANISM : JOHN PRATT (3rd S. i. 281,
399, 412, 453.) — I have made (as in my former
communication I engaged to do) a few more in-
quiries respecting the age of John Pratt ; and am
now bound to confess, that either his recollection
of events is remarkably and unusually treacherous,
or that it is convenient to him that the events
themselves which would prove his age should not
be accurately reported.
Towards the end of June I called on him again,
and found him rapidly failing and confined to his
bed. In the course of conversation, I asked him
8. II. SEPT. 6, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
197
if he recollected where his first marriage took
place. He replied, half laughing : " I should
think I do ! " " Where was it ? " said I. " At
St. Martin's, Norwich." Upon going on to ask
one or two more questions of date and name, he
complained of pain and confusion in his head, and
said he could not bear the attempting to think ;
and so having obtained the clue I wanted, I ceased
to trouble him further. Through the kindness of
Mr. J. M. Davenport of Oxford, and Mr. Kitson
of Norwich, I am, however, now enabled to re-
port that Pratt was not married at the church he
mentioned. The latter gentleman writes thus to
the former : —
" Search has been made at the churches of St. Martin-
at-Palace and St. Martin-at-Oak (the only two St. Mar-
tins in this city), from 1770 to 1800 ; but no marriage of
a John Pratt is to be found in either. In 1782, there is
the marriage of William Pratt and Elizabeth Beck at the
former parish."
The fact that both baptismal and marriage re-
gisters are not to be found, creates a grave sus-
picion that Pratt's alleged age does not admit of
proof; although his own appearance certainly
shows that he has long passed the usual limits of
man's longest life. It is observable that in 'Mr.
Tyerman's account of him, his first wife (to whom
he was married when he was twenty-three years
old) is said to have borne the somewhat romantic
name of Maria Dellamore. I am informed that
the town clerk of Oxford (Mr. G. Hester) has
been also making inquiries upon this subject with
a view to publication, and that he does not give
credit to Pratt's alleged age. W. D. MACRAT.
ST. LEGER: TRUNKWELL (3rd S. ii. 166.) — It
may serve as a hint to F. FITZ-HENRY to be in-
formed, that there was a place named Trunkwood
in the parish of Shinfield, Berks, mentioned in
the pedigree of the Noyes family, who had resided
there for three generations when, in 1664, the last
visitation for the county was made. (Harleian
MS., in the British Museum, No. 1483, fol. 124.)
D. B.
Trunkwell is the name of a gentleman's house
not far from Strathfieldsaye. P. F.
LITERATURE OF LUNATICS (: 3rd S. ii. 139.) —
The references in " N. & Q," drag at each remove
a lengthened chain. By placing, as I have done,
a colon, the mark of division of a sentence into
two parts which can stand alone, before the re-
ference, it may be signified that prior references
will be found at ii. 139, with which I have
nothing to do. This is a bit of the literature of
lunatics, the class of people who follow their own
fancies without caring what others say to or of
them.
Looking for Smart's Song to David in An-
derson's British Poets, I find that the editor,
though claiming to be the first who had inhumed
Smart in a Corpus Foetarum, and printing from
the collected edition of 1791, could not find a
copy of the song to print from. It must there-
fore be rather scarce, and it would be well to re-
print the whole in this journal. *
But, while looking over the notes to the Hilliad,
which are for now as dull as the text is smart, I
came upon what may well be the origin of the
sign of the Punster and Pickpocket. The Hil-
liad, be it remembered, was published in 1753,
before Johnson's colloquial fame had become uni-
versal : —
"V. 193. — There is neither morality, nor integritjr, nor
unity, nor universality in this poem. The author of it
is Smart. I hope to see a Smartead published. I had
my pocket picked the other day, as I was going through
Paul's Churchyard; and I firmly believe it was this
little author, as the man who can puu will also pick a
pocket." — John Dennis, Junr.
This aspersion must then have been widely
known before Boswell knew Johnson, and no
doubt Johnson and many others had used it.
While on the subject, I add Dodsley's epigram
on Burnet, which caught my eye in finding out
Smart : —
" A.n Epigram, occasioned by the words ' one Prior ' in
the second Volume of Bishop Burners History.
" ' One Prior ' ! and is this, this, all the fame,
The Poet from th' Historian can claim ?
No : Prior's verse posterity shall quote,
When 'tis forgot ' one Burnet ' ever wrote."
To make this true, the sting of Person's re-
mark on Southey must be added — " but not
till then." I believe Macaulay alone has said
more from and about Burnet than all Englishmen
who were not writing biography have said from
and about Prior in the last forty years. The
prophecies of the poets would, if collected, look
like a part of the literature of lunatics ; and votes
would have to give up one of its meanings.
A. DE MORGAN.
FRESNEL (2nd S. xii. 169.) — I give a partial
answer to my own Query ; not so much for its
own sake, as to record a curious coincidence, of
the kind which many will believe too good to be
ti'ue, when it has passed through several hands.
I hold it useful to substantiate such things from
time to time. My Query was, What had become
of the papers of the editor of the European Review
of 1824, &c., whose name I did not know ? After
examining the Review at the Museum, I wrote to
my querist at Paris, informing him that the only
chance left lay in finding out who was the editor
of the Review. I posted this letter on my way
home, and in something less than five minutes
afterwards I stopped at a book stall ; where my
eye was caught by a sixpenny book of anecdotes
about Macaulay, which I bought. At the first
turning of the leaves, I came upon the following
[* See ante, p. 192.— ED.]
198
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. SKIT. G, '61'.
extract relating to the affairs of Charles Knight's
Quarterly Magazine : —
" When it was stated that the three sheets on Lord
Byron would have to be cancelled, and that with their
present staff they could not supply the deficiency by the
day of publication, Tristram [Macaulay] hinted at a
solution. ' Gentlemen,' he remarked, • the bravest and
most glorious nations of antiquity were sometimes con-
strained to employ mercenaries. Let us look out for
foreign aid.' One of the young fellows immediately
•wrote to the Editor (Mr. Walker) of the European Re-
view! And I dare say they thought it was an excellent
joke."
I soon ascertained that there was no chance of
recovering the papers. I ought to add that, for
a moment, I was under the full belief that my
search at the Museum had disordered my brain,
and had enabled it to throw out what it had been
thinking of upon the puper. A. DK MORGAN.
NEF (3rd S. ii. 129.) — I have not seen Labarte's
Hanilbook of the Arts of the Middle Ages and
Renaissance ; but judging from the extract quoted
by you, as above, I suspect that he, in common
with all previous writers upon the subject, has
neglected to mention a purpose to which the nef,
a ship on wheels, was applied ; of which we have
the most irrefragable proof on the seal of Stephen
Payn, almoner to King Henry V., of which I
enclose an impression for your acceptance. Here
we have an ecclesiastic, no doubt Payn himself,
bearing an undoubted nef, filled to the brim with
coin, the purpose of which is fully explained by
the legend : " Sigillum officii elemosynarij regis
Henrici Quinti Anglise." The present Lord High
Almoner bears upon his official seal a large ship
in full sail, yet few know that it is a mere vesti-
gium of the ancient nef. And again, we little
thought in our childhood's days, that the promise
of a toy " when my ship comes in," has meant
from time immemorial, " when somebody gives
me some money." M. D.
TOADS IN ROCKS (3rd S. i. 389, 478 ; ii. 55,
97.) — Without pretending to understand how a
toad " imbedded in a cavity in a large block of
stone," can be said to be " in the open air," let
me remark, that MR. MOODY has a much larger
faith than the generality of marvel-makers.
Surely it would have been wonderful enough
to have found a toad, of the present type, in any
rock belonging to a period millions of years earlier
than the living races of reptiles. To discover one,
therefore, in a formation carbonised by excessive
heat, " bangs Banagher ;" and ought to satisfy all
reasonable minds that toads not only existed be-
fore they were created, but crept into places her-
metically sealed, lived through millions of years,
and cared nothing whatever for being roasted
alive. DOUGLAS ALLPOBT.
PAINTDIGS BT GBEUZE (3rd S. ii. 147.) — Your
correspondent H. W. C. will find, in Cassell's
Illustrated Magazine of Art (vol. i. pp. 397—407),
an account of Greuze, together with a list of his
pictures ; the collections in which they were to be
found, and the prices that they had fetched. The
article is illustrated by eight very excellent French
woodcuts of as many celebrated pictures by the
painter. Smith's Catalogue Raisonne describes
184 pictures by Greuze. The Art Jmirnal for
1848 (p. 328), gives a line engraving of Greuze's
head of "Innocence," in Mr. Mayer's Gallery,
Liverpool But no list of the paintings by this
favourite artist would be complete without men-
tion being made of the important collection of
pictures by Greuze, now in the possession of
T. J. Norbury, Esq., Sherridge Court, near Wor-
cester. These capital examples of the artist were
purchased by Mr. Norbury some forty years ago,
during his residence in France when attached to
the English embassy ; but I have not seen them
noticed in any account of Greuze that has fallen
under my notice. They include the life-size pic-
ture of the " Girl and Dog," of which a French
woodcut is given in Cassell's publication, p. 400.
CUTHBEBT EEDE.
THOMAS MAUDB (2nd S. viii. 407.)— On looking
over an old volume of " N. & Q.," I find that
M 4. inquires whether the poetical historian of
Wensleydale, Mr. Maude, and his patron the Duke
of Bolton, are described in one of Smollett's
novels ? I am not aware that the character of
the former is depicted by the witty novelist, but
the latter is supposed to be the original of " Cap-
tain Whiffle," in the Adventures of Roderick
Random.
Mr. Maude had been surgeon on board the
" Harfleur," when commanded by Lord Harry
Powlett ; who, on his accession to the Dukedom
of Bolton, appointed him agent for his northern
estates. Mr. Maude died at Bolton Hall in 1798,
aged eighty, and was buried in the churchyard of
Wensley. OXONIEMSIS.
LEGAL BLUNDERS (3rd S. ii. 145.) — In the legis-
lative enactment for building the bridge at
Gloucester, the extraordinary mistake specially
indicated by A. A. does not exist, although the
Act affords a plentiful crop of analogous blunders.
The Act is the 46 Geo. 111. cap. 45 (Local), and
is " for the taking down and rebuilding the bridge
across the river Severn at Gloucester, called the
Westgate Bridge, and for opening convenient
avenues thereto." The only part of the Act that
bears on the matter in question is Section vii.,
which provides for the meetings of the trustees in
the following terms : —
" And be it further enacted, That the said trustees
shall meet at the ' King's Head Inn,' in the said City of
Gloucester, on the second Monday next after the passing
of this Act, between the hours of eleven of the clock in
the forenoon, and two of the clock in the afternoon, and
proceed to carry this Act into execution ; and in case
S. IT. SEPT. 6, '62.]
NOTES AND QUEKIES.
199
none of the said trustees shall attend such meeting, then
such meeting shall be and be deemed to be adjourned to
the next day (Sunday, Good Friday, Christmas Day, and
any day on which divine service is ordered by authority
to "be celebrated, only excepted, and then to the next
day), and so toties quoties until a sufficient number of
trustees shall attend at such meeting to act in the exe-
cution of this Act, or until a trustee or trustees shall
attend, so as to adjourn such meeting," &c.
It would seem difficult to surpass this in the
way of legal blundering. Thus, it will doubtless
not be apparent to non-legal minds, how that
can be a meeting of trustees whereat " none of
the said trustees " attend ; nor how " such meet-
ing" is to be adjourned, if there is nobody pre-
sent to do so, " until a sufficient number" attend,
" or a trustee or trustees " adjourn it anew.
Neither is it obvious how Sunday can be the next
(subsequent ?) day to be excepted ; unless we
suppose that every day from Monday to the end
of the week had been got rid of as a dies non from
want of attendance, and that by successive ad-
journments of meetinjs where nobody was pre-
sent Saturday had been reached ; in which case
we might say of the exception — Cela va sans dire.
Laxity of language is, however, characteristic of
our " statutes at large ;" and the " coach-and-
four " of Lindley Murray, or even a Manchester
omnibus, might career through their grammatical
construction as freely as the famous four-in-hand
of Daniel O'Connell could be driven through their
legal meshes. J. HOGGE DUFFY.
HENRY FIELDING : SIR HENRY GOULD (3rd S.
ii. 146.) — If the following information is of any
use to MR. Foss, I am happy to be able to afford
it: —
Some time ago, when engaged in inquiries re-
lating to Fielding, I thought of looking at Doc-
tors' Commons for the will of his grandfather,
Sir H. Gould. I found it there, and have a copy
of it. It is very short, and seems chiefly to have
been made for the sake of providing for his daugh-
ter, Mrs. Fielding, and it was executed on the
8th of March, 1706-7, a little before the birth of
her first child, Henry. In this he says, " I give
to my son William Day 3,0001. in trust for the
sole and separate use of my daughter Sarah
Fielding," &c. Then, after giving 100Z. to his wife,
he adds, " And all the rest of my goods, chattels,
and plate, debts and money, 1 give to my son
Davidge Gould, whom I make my whole and sole
executor of this my last will and testament." I
am no lawyer, but I presume that William Day
Gould was the eldest son, who came in for the
landed property ; and I have an impression on
my mind that he was the father of the second Sir
Henry, who was, beyond doubt, Henry Fielding's
first cousin, to whose Miscellanies he was a sub-
scriber in 1743.
It is rather remarkable that the name of one of
the witnesses to Sir Henry Gould's will is Wil-
liam Day, a relation it may be supposed.
THOS. KEIGHTLEY.
MR. EDWARD Foss is referred to the first part of
the new edition of Burke's Landed Gentry, where,
under " Gould of Upway," he will find a perfect
pedigree of the family to which those two judges
belonged. For further information, if needed, he
might apply to their venerable kinsman, the pre-
sent Rector of Beaconsfield. X.
PARODIES ON GRAY'S ELEGY (3rd S. ii. 17.) —
When parodies are collected, they should have
the first line given, as index-matter, and then
some one the same point should be cited in all.
The rest of the parody on Gray's Elegy might be
divined from the treatment of one marked verse.
For instance, that in the Morning Herald (3rd S.
i. 356) cannot be characterised by the two verses
quoted. But take the following, and it comes
out clear enough : —
",,Haply some hoary-headed thief may say,
Oft have I seen him with his lighted link,
Guide some unwary stranger cross the way,
And pick his pocket at the kennel's brink."
Can any one give a description of the parodies
on Walter Scott's poems ? I mean the actual paro-
dies, not such imitations as those of George Col-
man. " Jokeby," the parody on " Rokeby," was
one of the cleverest things of the kind. That on
the " Lay of the Last Minstrel " was very infe-
rior. That on " Marmion," or one of them, was
on the story of the Duke of York and Mrs. Clarke.
Who wrote these things ?
What has become of peoples' memory of the
Elegant Extracts, that "boy's own book" of
forty years' ago ? It was, I believe, just men-
tioned that Duncombe's parody is in the Elegant
Extracts ; but learned references were given to
it, while there it is open to everybody, and familiar
to a great many. Again, the epigram on the
Nabob (3rd S. ii. 128), is there given with the
true point, which Walpole's version nearly misses,
as follows : —
" On a waiter, once at Arthur's, and a fellow -servant of
his there, both since Members of Parliament, and the last
a Nabob.
" When Bob M — ck — th, with upper servant's pride,
' Here, Sirrah, clean my shoes,' to K — mb — Id cried,
He numbly answered, ' Yea, Bob ; '
But since returned from India's plundered land,
The purse-proud K — mb — Id now, on such command,
Would stoutly answer, 'Nay, Bob.' "
Perhaps the generation which is yet on the
anterior side of fifty had not as much acquaintance
with the Elegant Extracts as their seniors. I am
inclined to think so now and then, when I see
splendid new wit, warranted fresh from the mint,
from which I used to snatch a fearful joy in school
hours, hearing an usher in every step. M.
200
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[8»d S. IL SEPT. 6, ?62.
RIVAULX ABBET : LOBD DE Ros (3rd S. i. 467.)
Does not all hair become red after lying many
years in the coffin ? I think the question has been
discussed. Certain it is that the hair in such
cases is, if not always, at least most generally, de-
scribed as being red or auburn. P. P.
FRANCIS BACOK, BARON VERULAM (3rd S. ii.
124.)— S. F., in announcing that there is no such
title as that of " Lord Bacon" in the peerage, has
merely told us what every one, whose knowledge
of Bacon's life amounts to anything worth talking
about, knew very well before. Lord Macaulay
has alluded to it in his well-known Essay : —
" Posterity has felt that the greatest of English Phi-
losophers could derive no accession of dignity from any
title which James could bestow, and in defiance of the
royal letters patent, has obstinately refused to degrade
Francis Bacon into Viscount St. Albans. — Essays, p. 872,
1 vol. edit.
I think S. F. will find that it is now too late
to change the world-wide and world-honoured,
though not perhaps strictly accurate, title of" Lord
Bacon," for either " Lord Verulam " or1 " Lord St.
Albans."
The dates of Bacon's dignities afford some ex-
planation of the origin of this designation. He
was declared Lord Keeper, March 7, 16^?; and
Lord Chancellor, Jan. 4, 16i£ : and was created
Baron Verulam, July 11, 1618 ; and Viscount St.
Albans, Jan. 27, 16$£. See Bacon's Works, iii.
337, 543 (n.), edit. 1765; and Nicolas's Synopsis
of the Peerage. By these dates it appears that
he attained the Chancellorship whilst he was a
commoner. And as we know that persons hold-
ing the inferior offices of Chief Judges in the
Courts of Common Law were then, and after-
wards, until a comparatively recent period, called
Lords though not peers — as Lord Coke, Lord
Hale, and Lord Holt — it seems by no means im-
probable that Bacon acquired the title of Lord in
connexion with his surname at the time of his
obtaining the Great Seal. DAVID GAM.
BAUOL FAMILY (3rd S. ii. 7.) — The main line
of the Baliols became extinct on the death of
Edward de Baliol, son of John de Baliol, King of
Scotland.
The only daughter and heiress of Walter de
Berckley, Lord of Reidcastle, and Great Cham-
berlain of Scotland in the reign of William the
Lion, was married to Ingelram de Baliol, Lord of
Harcourt ; their eldest son was Hugh, progenitor
of John, father of the abovenamed John.
Another son, Henry de Baliol, was Great Cham-
berlain of Scotland under Alexander II., and
inherited Reidcastle. He married Lora de Va-
loigncs, second daughter of Philip, Lord of Pan-
mure, and left an only child and heiress, Constance,
wife of Mr. Fishburn, and mother of Henry de
Fishburn of Reidcastle (so styled 1306).
The second son of John de Baliol the elder, and
uncle of the (so-called) King of Scotland, was Sir
Alexander Baliol of Cavers, in Roxburghshire;
who, in 1290, during the competition for the
crown between his nephew and Bruce, was ap-
pointed Great Chamberlain of Scotland (which
office he relinquished in 1305). He married
Isabel de Chilam, Dowager Countess of Athole,
and left a son.
Alexander Baliol, who was a prisoner in the
Tower, and stripped of his property (Cavers being
given to the Earl of Mar). He seems to have
married Isabel Stewart, Dowager Countess of
Mar, by whom he had a son.
Thomas Baliol, who was repossessed in Cavers
by his half-brother, the Earl of Mar : the feudal
superior being his brother-in-law, William, Earl
of Douglas.
This Thomas Baliol, having no heirs, resigned
Cavers to the aforesaid Earl of Douglas in March,
1368. The conclusion must be in the words of
George Crawford (see his Lives of the Officers of
the Crown and State in Scotland, fol.Edin. 1726) :
" So ended the family of the Baliols, after they
had continued in great lustre in this realm for
upwards of 200 years."
It has been suggested that the ancient and
highly respectable Scottish family of Baittic may
represent the Baliols ; but this is an unsupported
conjecture. D. C. A. A.
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CONTENTS OF No. 33. — AUG. 16iH.
NOTES • — Whittington and his Cat — Accession of Henry
VI. — William, Viscount Fitzwilliam of Merrion — Anato-
lian Folk Lore.
Mi NOB NOTES:— Francis Bacon, Baron Verulam — The
Bonaparte Family Register — A Book Inscription — Post-
age Stamps.
QUERIES: — Armagh Cathedral— Death by the Sword
in England — The Earth a living Creature — Farrant —
Goodhind Family — The Graceless Florin aud the Potato
Disease — Bishop Hurd's Letters — King and Queen of
Kingue-faire : Mac-Mahon — Who was Uuke of Orleans in
the Ueign of Louis XII. V — Professor Mansel's Allusion —
Rood Lofts — Monument in Westminster Abbey — Pho-
tography—Quotation — St. Thomas's Hospital — School
Discipline — Surun," Battle-cry of the Moguls— Wright s
" Louthiana."
QUERIES WITH ANSWERS: — Sir Robert Mackreth — Us-
sher's "Body of Divinity " — Council of Forty — " Cock and
Bell " — Nef — Bishop Edmund Ghoast.
REPLIES: —News of Napoleon's Escape from Elba —
Dean Swift and Dr. Wagstaffi; — The Halseys — Astro-
logy Exploded — Ancient Ships — Old Pictures and Allu-
sions — Do Costa the Waterloo Guide — A Romance of
Real Life — English Kings entombed in France— Chess
Legend — Pope's Ode — The Digby Epitaph —Unlucky
Days — Blue and Buff— Pomfret, Fountfreyt, or Pons-
frnctus — Tetbury, alias Tedbury — Medal of Admiral
Vernon — Picture of the Reformers — Archicpiscopal
Mitres— The Potato — Quotation — Bishops in Waiting
— Precedence of Deans, Ac. — South-Sea Stock — Great
Scientific Teacher — The Marrow Controversy — Alan de
Galloway — The " Name of Jesus " — " Ignorance is the
Mother of Devotion " — Soul-food : Pot-baws,&c.
CONTENTS OF No. 34. — AUG. 23 RD.
NOTES : — Richard Baxter — Lowndes's Bibliographer's
Manual: Notes on the New Edition, No. III. — Age of
Macklin the Comedian — The Marquis of Worcester.
MINOR NOTES : — Kentish Proverb — The Last Charge at
Waterloo — Manning's " Surrey " — Legal Blunders— Her-
borisation in the Environs of London — " The Septuage-
narian."
QUERIES : — Edward Layfleld, D.D.. 1636—1680 — Ar-
magh Public Library — "Ephomeridos Ilerum Natura-
lium" — Henry FielifiiiK;: — Sir Henry Gould — Lines ad-
dressed to George III. — J. B. Greuze — Poem upon Lady
Jane Grey — Heraldic — Bishop Juxon — " Life of Robert,
Earl of Leicester " — The Mayor of Galway — Henry Mud-
diinan, the Newswriter — National Anthems — Dr. Parr's
Vernacular Sermon — " Quare," Ac. — Schiller — Tailors —
" A Tour through Ireland," 1748— " The Trimmer " — The
Turnspit Dog.
QUKRIBB WITH ANSWERS: — Thomas Potter — Parson
Whalley's Walk to Jerusalem — " The Trimmer " — Cache-
cache, Anglice Hide-and-seek — Cluverius, Printed by El-
zevir — Ugo Foscolo — Jacob Zevecotius — Dramatic.
REPLIES: — Statue of George I. in Leicester Square —
Custom* in the County of AVexfprd — Execution of the
Marquis of Argyle — Naval Uniform — The " Name of
Jesus," — The Duke of Wellington and Lady Hol-
land — " The Fanne of the Faithful " — Napoleon's Escape
from Elba — Joan of Arc — Kara — Premature Inter-
ments — John de Costa, the Waterloo Guide — Modern
Astrology — " And in Berghem'H pool reflected "— Uinch-
lifT Family — Board of Trade — Sir Thomas Sewell — Pota-
toes, Introduction of— British-bom Emperor— Dr. Johnson
at Oxford— Milton —Poisoning by Diamond Dust, Ac.
CONTENTS OF No. 35. — AUG. SOra.
: — Armour-Clad Ships — Curll's Voiture Letters —
Entries Relating to Clergymen, in the Parish Register of
Romford, Co. Essex.
MINOR NOTBS:— Telemachus: Mentor's Vessel— Intrlli -
gence attributed to Inanimate Things — Lines written on
a Pane of Glass — Longevity — Inscription. '
QUERIES : — Partridge Shooting — Alexander Arsic —
Assurance, Essays on — Cam-shedding — Congleton Bible
and Bear — Sir Humphrey Davy — Dudley of Westmore-
land— Mr. Herbert, President of Nevis in 1787 — "Leaves
from Portuguese Olive" — Letters in Heraldry— Mac-
elesfleld Remains — Matilda, Daughter of Henry I. —
Quotation — St. Leger: Trunk well — Serpents in ?—
Typographical Queries — The Warden of Galway — Meet-
ing of Wellington and Bluolier at Waterloo — Wigs —The
Rev. John Winder — The first Lord Mayor of York.
QUERIES WITH ANSWERS : — Executioner of Charles L —
Basingstoke Chapel — Faustus, Bishop of Riez — Water-
marks on Paper — J. B. Greuze — " Eating the mad Cow "
— Corte-Real s ".Naufragio de Sepulveda."
REPLIES : — Statue of King George in Leicester Square,
— De 1'Isle or De Insula Family — Shakespeare Music:
Dr. John Wilson; Robert Johnson — Dolmetscher —
The Duke of Wellington and Lady Holland — Death
from wounding the Finger with a Needle — Books car-
ried to Church in a White Napkin by Females — " To cot-
ton to" — Great Scientific Teacher — Dr. Johnson on
Punning — Wild Cattle — Bishops in Waiting — Weep-
ing among the Ancients — Old Painting of the Reformers
— Catamaran — Political Colours — Toads in Rocks — In-
scription at Tivoli — Destruction of Sepulchral Monu-
i wnts — The Earth a Living Creature, Ac.
CONTENTS OF No. 36. — SEPT. 6ra.
NOTES: — General Literary Index: Index of Authors —
List of American Cents and Tokens — Clock Punishment
— An Old Pocket Dial.
MINOR NOTES : — Old Jokes — Anecdote of Pope — Hones
and Stabulary Expenses — Wife Sale at Birmingham —
Dial Mottoes.
QUERIES: — Edward Tuckey — Lines by Lord Nelson,
— Shakspcariana : Edward Helder — The First printed
Advertisement — Singular Burial Entry — Burton Gog-
gles — " The Captive Knight" — Charade: "Sir Geof-
frey lay" — Curious Carving — Dying with the Kliliing
Tide : a Sea-coast Superstition — Edgar— Erleshall " Chro-
nicle"— Gerard: Priestley — Harefield. or Harvil — Lec-
tures at International Exhibition — Mister — Price, Comp-
troller — Quotation — Rhyme to Chimney — St. Peters,
Sheffield— Stratford Family— Bulstrodo Whitelock's Me-
morials.
QUERIES WITH ANSWERS : — Panel : Intran — " Theological
Doubts," Ac. — Booker's "Bloody Irish Almanack," 1646 —
General Wade — The Baptism of Church Bells— Smart's
" Song to David " — Cromwell Token — Colberteen : Marli
— Milton's " Paradise Lost."
REPLIES: — A Churchwarden's Answers (temp. Eliz.) to
certain "Artycles" proposed to him beyond the usual
Questions on the Register — Execution of Argyle —
— Premature Interments — Customs of the County of
Wexford : the Irish Funeral Cry — Henry Muddiman
— Whittingtou and bis Cat — Napoleon's Escape from
Elba— Centenarianism : John Pratt — St. Leger : Trunk-
well — Literature of Lunatics — Fresnel — Nef — Toads in
Rocks — Paintings by Greuze — Thomas Maud — Legal
Blunders — Henry Fielding: Sir Henry Gould, Ac.
3'd S. II. SEPT. 13, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
201
LONDON, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 13, 1862.
CONTENTS __ NO. 37.
NOTES : — Pictures of the Great Earl of Leicester, 201 —
Lowndes's Bibliographer's Manual: Notes on the New
Edition, No. IV., 202 — Inedited Lines by Dryden, 205 —
Fiddles, Flutes, and Fancies, 206 — Terry Alts, 207.
MINOR NOTES : — Sir Marmaduke Constable — Admiral
Fitzroy anticipated — T. Hearne the Antiquary, and
Walker's " Sufferings of the Clergy " — Baptismal Names
— Curious Simile — Cut-throat Lane : Chalk Farm, 208.
QUERIES: — Anonymous — Arms of Canterbury and Ar-
magh — " Away with the kiss," &c. — Castelvetro : Scarron
— Christian Blackadder — Calligraphy — Curious Antique
— Du Halde's " China "—Galileo and the Telescope— Greek
Phrases — Hebrew Queries — Thomas Law Hodges — In-
sanity : Lamech's Sin — " Lessons appointed by the Church
of Rome," &c.— Lost Registers — Macaronic Poem— Man-
chester Poets — Medal of Innocent XL — Overbury Fa-
mily — The Rod in the Middle Ages — Song, " John Peel "
; — Urquhart Pedigree— Various Lengths of the Perch —
Views of Ruins, Co. Dublin — Warrant for Execution of
Charles I., 209.
QXTEBIES WITH AsswEHS :— Stanzas by Caroline Bowles —
Tontine — Callis — Dean of Wells, 1641 — Siebmacher's
" Wappenbuch " — " The Lamp of Life " — Quotation, 213.
REPLIES: — Napoleon's Escape from Elba, 214— Mutila-
tion of Monuments, 215 — Typographical Queries, 216 —
Sir Isaac Newton, 217— Dr. Rippon's Meeting-House —
Pheasants — Vernacular — Charade : " Sir Geoffrey lay "—
Eldest Sons of Baronets and their Knighthood — Let-
ters in Heraldry — Turnspit Dogs — Poisoning by Dia-
mond Dust — Chief Baron Reynolds — Catamaran, Ac.,
218.
Notes on Books, &c.
PICTURES OF THE GREAT EARL OF LEICESTER.
I am enabled by the kindness of the noble
Lord to whom the MS. belongs, to lay before the
readers of " N. & Q." a very interesting Catalogue
of the Pictures which were in the possession of
the Earl of Leicester at the time of his death,
Sept. 4, 1588. It is extracted from an Inven-
tory taken in October following. And I think
those who are interested in the History of Art in
England, will join me in thanking the owner of
the manuscript for thus putting them in posses-
sion of information which would have gladdened
the heart of Horace Walpole. If any of your
correspondents can identify any of these pictures,
and point out where they are now preserved, I
hope they will give us the benefit of that know-
ledge.
The Earl died possessed of pictures at Kenil-
worth, Leicester House, and Wansted. The fol-
lowing pictures were at Kenilworth. I will
forward the lists of those at Leicester House and
Wansted next week.
Kenilworth, viij Oct. 1588.
Two greate Tables of the Queene's Majesties Pic-
tures, with one curtaine changeable silke,
Two greate Pictures of my Lord in whole pro-
portion : the one in Armour, the other in a
sute of russett sattin. With one curtaine to
them.
An other Picture of my Lord in halfe proportion,
done in black garments.
The Picture of St. Jerorn naked, with a curtaine
of silke.
The Picture of the Lord of Arundell, with a
curtaine.
The Picture of the Lord Mattreuers, with a
curtaine.
Two Pictures of the Lord of Pembroke, with
curtaines.
Two Pictures of the Count Egmounte, with
curtaines.
The Picture of the Queene of Scotts, with a
curtaine.
The Picture of King Phillip, with a curtaine.
The Picture of the baker's daughter, with a
curtaine.
The Picture of the Duke Feria, in clothe ; whole
proportion.
The Picture of Alex. Magnus, with a curtaine.
The Pictures of two yonge Ladyes, with cur-
taines.
Two Pictures of Poppsea Sabina, with curtaines.
The Picture of Frederick, Duke of Saxon, with-
out a frame and curtaine.
The Picture of themperor Charles, with a curtaine.
The Picture of King Phipplips (sic) wiefe, with
a curtaine.
The Picture of the Prince Orainge, with a curtaine.
The Picture of the Princes [Princess of Orange],
with a curtaine.
The Picture of the Marques of Berges, with a
curtaine.
The Picture of the Marques wiefe, with a curtaine.
The Picture of the Counte Home, with a curtaine.
The Picture of Counte Holstrate, with a curtaine.
The Picture of Mounsier Bredrerods, with a cur-
taine.
The Picture of the Duke Alva, with a curtaine.
The Picture of the Cardinall Granduile, with a
curtain.
The Picture of the Duches of Parma, with a
curtaine.
The Picture of Henrie, .Earle of Pembrooke.
The Picture of the younge Countisse.
The Picture of the Countis Essex, in a wainscot
case.
The Picture of the Lord Mountacute, with a
curtaine.
The Picture of Sir James Crofte, with a curtaine.
The Picture of Edwin, 2. Arch Bishop of Yorke,
with a curtaine.
The Picture of Sir Walter Mildmaie, with a cur-
taine.
The Picture of Sir William Pickering, in clothe ;
in whole proportion.
The Picture of Occasion and Repentance.
A Table of an Historic of Men, Women, and
^•Children ; molden in wax and broken.
A little foulding Table of Ebanie, garnished with
202
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"> S. IL SEPT. 13, '02.
white bone ; wherein are written verses with
lettres of goulde.
A Table of my Lord's Armes, cracked.
Fyve of the Plannetts painted in frames.
Twentie three Gardes, or Maps of Countries.
There is one picture in this list respecting which
I would make a special query — What is the pic-
ture of the Baker s Daughter ? Could we suppose
it to represent the Legend to which Shakspeare
refers in Hamlet, " The owl was a baker's daugh-
ter," we might see in this allusion a recollection
of one of them any visits which Shakspeare doubt-
less paid to the glories of Kenilworth.
WILLIAM J. THOMS.
LOWNDES'S BIBLIOGRAPHER'S MANUAL.
NOTES OX THE HEW EDtTIOS.
(Continued from 3rd S. ii. p. 143.)
No. IV.
Bristol. Bristol's Joiefull Reuniting of England
and Scotland. Oxford, by J. Barnes, 4°.
Omitted. Bindley, part i. No. 1099. 11.
Eben-ezer; As a Thankefull Remembrance
of God's great goodnesse unto the City of
Bristol!, in preserving them from the forces
of Prince Rupert without, and a Treacherous
Plot within, to betray the City to them the
11 March, 1642, by T. P. Printed at London
for Michael Sparke, Senior, 1643, folio.
Omitted. A poetical broadside in double columns, sur-
mounted by a woodcut of the arms of the city.
An Extraordinary Deliverance from a
Cruell Plot and Bloody Massacre contrived
by the Malignants in Bristol for delivering
up the City to Prince Rupert and his Forces.
Loud. 1642. 4°. 2. Relation of a most Hell-
ish, Cruell, and Bloody Plot against Bristol.
Lond. 1642. 4°. 3. Letter from the Mayor
of Bristol Relating to the Great Defeat of the
Cavaliers. 1643. 4°. 4. Articles agreed
upon at the surrender of Bristol. 1643. 4°.
All omitted. See Sir F. Freeling's Catalogue, Nos. 383 —
93*.
Britannia. De Rebus Gestis Britannia} Corn-
mentarioli Tres.
The edition " Hamburg!, 1598, 12° " is overlooked.
Brooke, Robert Greville, Lord. An Elegie upon
the Death of the Mirrour of Magnanimity,
the Right Honourable Robert Lord Brooke,
Lord Generall of the Forces of the Counties
of Warwick and Stafford, who was slain by a
musket shot at the siege of Liechfield the
second day of March, 1642. Lond. 1642,
folio. A poetical broadside in double columns
with borders.
Omitted.
Brookes — Melanthe, Fabula Pastoralis, 1615.
4°.
Bright, 1845. large paper, but stained, 3*. Several
copies are extant.
Browne (Edward), Description of an Annual
World and Sacred Poems. 1641.
• Warning-Piece for England. 1643.
A Rare Pattern of Justice and Mercy, and
other Poems. 1642.
These articles are printed as if there had been three
distinct poets of the name of Edward Browne ; whereas
all these publications are by one and the same writer.
They should have been quoted as such.
Brown (Edward) Discourse of the Original of
the Cossacks. 1672.
Travels in Divers Parts of Europe, 1673,
fee.
Are not these two works by the same writer, a phy-
sician and traveller, perhaps related to the poet? If so,
let us by all means get rid of three of the Edward
Browns, who at present figure in Lowndes.
Browne (Win.), Britannia's Pastorals.
A copy with MS. notes ascribed to MILTON sold at an
auction in 1851 for 71.
Shepheard's Pipe.
The edit, of 1620, 8°, is merely part of the " Workes of
Master George Wither," to which volume it appears to
have been annexed, because some of the Eclogues in the
latter portion of the Pipe were from Wither's pen.
Broxyp (W.), Saint Peter's Path to the Joys of
Heaven, wherein is described the Frailtie of
Fleslu. &c. A Poem. Lond. 1598. 4°.
Omitted. Caldecott, 1833, 47. 19*.
Brutus, Stephanus Junius. Vindicise contra Ty-
rannos.
Both the first edition of 1579 and the second of 1580
are omitted. The earliest mentioned is one of 1589.
Bucaniers. History of the B. of America. 1684.
There are copies on large paper.
Bunny (Edmund) Institutionis Christianas Re-
ligionis per Johannem Calvinum Scriptum
Compendium. Sm'. 8°, Londini 1576, and
Londini, 1579.
Both these Latin editions are overlooked. The Edition
of 1576 is at Lambeth. A copy of that of 1579 was
marked in a bookseller's catalogue two or three rears
agb at Is. Gd.
Buoni (T.) Problemes of Beautie and all Hu-
mane Affections, translated by S. L[ennard],
Gent. Lond. 1606. 16°. Another Edition
or issue without date.
Omitted.
Burnet (Thos.), De Fide et Officiis Christianorum,
1722.
There are copies on thick paper.
Bushe (Paul), The Exterpacion of Ignorancie,
in verse. Lond. R. Pynson, n. d. 4°.
Caldecott, 1833, 9/. 15«.
3*d S. II. SEPT. 13, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
203
C. J. A Poor Knight His Palace of Private Plea-
sures. A Collection of Poems. Lond. 1579. 4°.
A copy was in the Harleian Collection.
C. R., i. e. Chambers (Robert), Palestina, a Ro-
mance. Florence, 1600. 4°
Omitted. Bandinel, 1861, 21.
C. T. Saint Marie Magdalen's Conversion, a
Poem. Printed with license (1603) 4°.
Omitted. Caldecott, 1833, 3?.
C. W. A Philosophicall Epitaph, in hierogliphicall
figures. A Brief of the Golden Calf (the
World's Idol). The Golden Ass well man-
aged, and Midas restored to reason, written
by J. Rod, Glember, and Jchior, the three
principles, or originall of all thinges. Pub-
lished by W. C. Esquire. Lond. 1673. 8°.
Engraved title.
Omitted.
Cacoethes Leaden Legacy, or his Schoole of Ill-
Manners. Lond. n. d. 8°.
Omitted.
Calabria. Strange News out of Calabria, pro-
gnosticated in the year 1586 upon the year
1587, and what shall happen in the said year.
(1586). 4°. 3 leaves.
Omitted.
Camden (W.), Annales Rerum Anglicanarum.
Lugd. Bat. 1628, 8°.
There was an earlier Edit, from the same press, 1625.
8°.
Campion (Thomas), A New Way of making Four
Parts in Counterpoint. Lond. n. d. 8°.
This musical pamphlet consists of 30 unpaged leaves,
and extends to Sign. £. It is dedicated to Prince Charles.
Epigrammatum libri II. Lond.
1619. 12°.
No notice is taken of the original edition, which ap-
peared in 1595. 12°.
Canes (J. V.) Fiat Lux, or a general conduct to
a right understanding and Charity in the
great Combustions and Broils about Religion
here in England betwixt Papists and Protes-
tants, Presbyterians and Independents. Se-
cond Edition reviewed, 1662. 8°.
Omitted. ? date of first edition.
Cap and the Head, a Dialogue, 1565.
A copy is at Bridgewater House. An earlier ed. Lon-
don, 1564, 12", is at Lambeth.
Capystranus, a Metrical Romance, 4°.
Probably from the press of W. de Worde. A fragment
is in the Bodleian. Farmer had an imperfect copy. See
his Catalogue, No. 6427.
Carew (Thos.) Poems. Edin. 1824, 8°.
An imperfect and inaccurate edition. There are few
of our elder poets in such sad want of a careful editor as
Carew.
Carew (Sir Peter).
Independently of the modern life of this gentleman,
published a few years ago, there is one (printed in the
ArchtEologia, xxviii.) by John Hooker, the nephew of the
noted divine.
Sir George.
There is a MS. life of him in the British Museum.
Carliell (Robert), Britaine's Glorie. Lond. 1619.
8 .
Some copies are dated 1622.
Carlile (James), The Fortune-Hunters ; or Two
Fools well-met, a Comedy. Lond. 1689. 4°.
Omitted. In the M alone Collection.
Carving. The Booke of Carving and Sewing.
An Edition without date is in the Museum. %
Cat. Beware of the Cat. Lond. 1584, 12°.
The title is : Beware the Cat, and the author, WILLIAM
BALDWIN. There was an earlier edition in 1570, of which
no notice is here taken. It was entitled : A Marvellous
Hystery intitulede, Beware the Cat. Contayning divers
Wounderfull and incredible matters, Very "pleasant and
mery to read. The late Dr. Bliss had a fragment of this
older impression. A fragment of one leaf ( ? edition) of
the .book is among Deuce's books at Oxford. See also
" N. & Q." l'« S. v. 318 ; vii. 487.
Catascopo. Surveigh of the Christian world, in
verse, 1615.
Farmer, No. 6116, 13s., not 13/. 13s. as quoted in the
Manual.
Caxton. The Lucidary. (Believed to le apo-
cryphal.)
A copy occurs, at all events, in the Harleian Cata-
logue. In the List of Books printed by Caxton, there are
a few other points which demand revision : nor indeed is
the list quite complete.
Cebes. Table translated (with Epictetus Manual
and Theophrastus Characters}, by John Hea-
ley. Lond. 1616, 18°. Again, 1636, 18°.
Healey's Cebes was first printed with Epic-
tetus alone in 1610, 18°; but this is a very
rare volume, and seems quite unknown.
Omitted.
Chamberlaine (Bartholomew), A Sermon preached
at Farrington in Berkshire, 17 Feb. 1587,
at the burial of the Lady Anne, daughter to
the Duke of Somerset his Grace, and Widow
to Sir Edward Knipton, Knt. 1591.
Omitted.
(Robert), Nocturnal Lucubrations and
Poems. Lond. 1638. 16°.
Another Edition. " London : Printed by T. F. for the
Use and Benefit of Andrew Pennycuicke, Gent. 1652."
16°. I believe this impression to be quite unknown. In
a copy now before me, there are 118 pages, whereas the
edition of 1638 contains 124, but there is no dedication in
my copy to the prose portion. Whether the edit, of 1652
should have it, I cannot at present pretend to say. It
may not be generally known, that Pennycuicke was an
actor in Massinger's City Madam. In 1658, that drama
was published " for his use and benefit."
204
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'd S. IL SEPT. 13, '62.
Charron (Pierre) of Wisdome, translated by S. I
Lennard.
This, the earliest English Version of a once cele-
brated book, deserved to be more fully described. There
•were four editions. The first, dedicated to Prince
Henry who died in 1612, may be assigned to 1611;
it is a very rare book, though not one of price. See
" N. & Q." 2nd 8. vi. 33. The second edition did not
appear till after Prince Henry's death, and was dedicated
by Lennard the translator to " the right worthy and my
Honorable Cosen Mr. Samson Lennurd, Esquire ; " like
its predecessor, it is undated, bat may be assigned, from
the wording of the dedication, to 1613 or 1614. There
are copies on large paper, of which one in old morocco
sold at Abp. Tenison's sale in 1861 for II. Gs. There was
a third Edition in 1630, and a fourth in 1658. The last
alone is iu Lowndes.
Chartier (Alain). A Brief Declaration of the
greate and innumerable myseries and wretch-
ednesses used in Courts Ryal, made by a
lettre which Mayster Alain Chartier wrote to
hys brother. Newly augmented by Francis
Segar. 1549. 12°, black letter.
Omitted. A copy is in the Bodleian. See DEMANDS.
Chaucer (Geoffrey), Workes, 1561.
Some copies of this edition purport to be' printed by
Henry Bradsha, or Bradshaw, Citizen and Grocer of
London, who also had an interest in one if not both of
the Editions of Fabyan's Chronicle published in 1559.
Chauncey (M.), Historia Martyrum. Moguntise,
1550. 4°. 41. 4s.
This book fetches about 12s. at sales. Watt in his
Slltliotheca says that there should be copper-plates in the
volume. I have seen several copies, but none had any
plates whatever. Perhaps Watt saw an illustrated copy.
Childhood. The Civilitie of Childhood. Lond.
J. Tisdale, 1566, 12°.
Omitted. In the Pepysian.
Chillingworth (W.), The Religion of Protestants
a safe way to Salvation. Oxf. 1638, fol.
There are copies of this first edition on large paper.
Christine of Pise. The Fayt of Armes and Chy-
valrie. Per Caxton (1489) folio.
In Lambeth Library is a fragment of two leaves belong-
ing apparently to an edition of this book from the press
of W. de Machlinia.
Christmas Carols. Good and True, Fresh and
New, Christmas Carols. Lond. 1642. 12°,
black letter.
Omitted. A copy is in the Ashmolean Museum. A
fragment of a collection of Carols is in the Douce Col-
lection, but what edition does not appear from the Cata-
logue. A book of Christmas Carols bv Christopher
Payne was licensed to James Roberts in 1*569—70. See
Publications of the Warton Club and Chappell's^PopK/ar
Mutic.
Christophilus (Richard), A True Relation of the
Conversion and Baptism of Isuf, the Turkish
Chaous, named Richard Christophilus. Lond.
1684. 8°.
Omitted. See ISUF-BASSA.
Church. The Church of the Evil Men and
Women. Lond. 1511. 4°.
A copy was in the Ilarleian Collection.
. The Churche's Thank-Offering to God
Her King, and the Parliament, for rich and
ancient mercies, &c. (since the year '88.)
Lond. 1641. 4°.
Church Policy. An Assertion for true and Chris-
tian Church Policie. Wherein certaine Poli-
tike objections made against the planting of
Pastours and Elders in every congregation
are sufficientlie answered, n. p. 1604. 8°.
Omitted.
Churchyard (Thos.), A Pleasante Discourse of
Court and Wars. Lond. 1596. 4°.
Churchyard's Cherishing. Lond. 1596.
One and the same book, the latter being the second
title.
Chute (Anthony), Beauty Dishonoured, a Poem.
Lond. 1593. 4°.
A copy was in the Harleian Collection. Not more
than two are known.
Clereville (Bartholomew de), The Copye of the
Letter followynge, whyche epecifyeth of the
greatest and marvelous-vysioned batayle that
ever was sene or herde of. Antw. by John
of Doesboro, n. d. 4°.
Omitted. In the Bodleian.
Comines (P. de), Memoirs translated by Thos.
Danett. Lond. 1596. Folio.
There are copies on large paper.
Common Conditions, a Drama.
It may be worth mentioning that this piece was li-
censed to John Hunter in 1576, though not known at
present in so early an edition.
Constable (F.), Pathomachia, a Play. Lond.
1630. 4°.
Certainly not by Constable, who was merely the pub-
lisher. It is attributed by some to Henry More. See
PATHOMACHIA.
Constable (Henry), Sonnets and other Poems
now first collected and edited by W. Carew
Hazlitt. Lond. 1859. 8°. 230 copies printed
on small, and 20 on large paper.
Diana : The Praises of his Mistres in
Certaine Sweete Sonnets. Lond. 1592. 4°.
First Edition. Heber, part 4, 9Z. 12s. Other
Editions. Lond. 1594 (but dated by mistake
1584), 12°. A copy is in the Bodleian. It
has been reprinted in fac-simile (1818).
Lond. 1597. 12°. Lond. 1604. 12°. Bindley,
part i. 1190 (6 leaves wanting), 7/. 17s. 6rf.
The Diana has also been reprinted by the
Roxburgh Club. Lond. 1818. 4°. 17 of
Constable's Spiritual Sonnets are preserved
among the Harl. MSS. ; but only 16 were
rA S. II. SEPT. 13, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
205
printed in Heliconia. The Sonnets by the
same writer printed by Park in the Harl.
Misc. are accompanied by pieces by other
poets, and inter alia, by two sonnets addressed
to Constable which are included in the Collec-
tion as though they had been from his own
pen.
I have attempted to rewrite this article as above, it
being in the text very confused and imperfect.
(John), Epigrammata, 1520.
Respecting this writer, see Myles Davies {Icon Libel-
lorum, p. 55.)
Cooke (Thos.), The Triumphs of Love and
Honour, a Play ; with observations on the
Drama. Lond. 1731. 8°.
Omitted. Shakespeare's "Lear," as altered by Tate,
and other pieces, are mentioned.
Cookery. The Good Huswife's Handmaid for
the Kitchen, containing many principal points
of Cookery, &c. Lond. 1594. 8°.
Omitted. In Bodleian.
Cornaro (L.) on Health, translated by George
Herbert.
This was first published at Cambridge with Lessius'
Hygiasticon in 1634, 24°.
Cotgrave (John), Wit's Interpreter.
An Edition 1662, 8°.
Cotton (C.), Scarronides.
An Edition 1678.
(Clement) The Mirror of Martyrs. Lond.
1612. 18°. Lond. 1614. 8°. Again 1629, 8°.
There were perhaps other editions.
Omitted. See Harl. Cat. No. 1970, and Nassau's Cat.
No. 765.
Large and Complete Concordance
to the Bible, in English, corrected and amended
by Samuel Newman, teacher of the church
of Rehoboth in New-England, 1658. Folio.
Omitted.
(John of Boston, N. E.), A copy of a Let-
ter sent in Answer of Certaine Objections
made against their Discipline and Orders
there, directed to a Friend, 1641. 4°.
This is omitted, and, which is very remarkable, this
writer is quite overlooked. He published several other
books and tracts.
Countrymans New Commonwealth, 1647.
Of this there were two distinct impressions in the same
year, a point not noticed in the Manual. In both the
contents appear nearly the same ; but the arrangement of
the matter is different.
Covent (Fr.), Enchiridion of Faith. Doway,
1655. 12°.
Omitted.
Cowley (A.), The Guardian, a play. Lond. 1650.
4°.
The Cutter of Coleman Street. A play,
Lond. 1663. 4°.
These two articles are quoted as if they were distinct
pieces, whereas the Cutter of Coleman Street is nothing
more than the Guardian with a new title and alterations.
Cowley : Poems of Mr. Cowley and others, Com-
posed into Songs and Ayres, with a thorough
Basse to the Theorbo, Harpsecon, or Basse-
Violl, by William King, Organist of New
College, in the University of Oxon. Oxford.
Printed for the Author, 1668, folio.
Omitted. In a volume of tracts which came from
Cornwall a few years ago there was an uncut copy of
the book.
Croftes (Anthony), The Husband, a Poem. Lond.
1614. 4°.
The volume is a small 8°. It was reprinted in 1710,
sm. 8°, pp. 16. Of this republication no notice is taken.
Crofts or Croft (Robert), Terrestrial Paradise.
1639.
The Happie Mind, 1640.
The Lover, or Nuptial Love. 1638.
These three pieces are by the same writer, and there-
fore it is not quite easy to comprehend why they should
be quoted as if they were by two distinct authors.
Crompton (Richard), The Mansion of Magna-
nimity. Lond. 1599. 4°. Again, 1608. 4°.
There is no apparent reason why edit. 1599 should be
placed under the Author's name, and edit. 1608 under
Mansion, as if the two impressions were totally inde-
pendent of each other.
Cross (Thomas), Nolens Volens, or you shall
learn to play on the Violin, whether you will
or no. Lond. 1695. 8°.
Omitted. In the Bodleian.
Crosse (Wm.), Belgia's Troubles and Triumphs,
a Poem. Lond. 1625. 4°.
Omitted. Caldecott, 1833. 2Z. 19s.
Crowley (R.), On the Supper of the Lord. Lond.
1533. 8°.
Not by Crowley. See " N. & Q." 1" S. i. 332—3.
Culros (Lady), Ane Godlie Dreame. Aberdeen,
1644. 12°.
Here said by Lowndes to be the first book printed at
Aberdeen; elsewhere in the Manual books printed at
Aberdeen as early as 1(522 are mentioned.
W. CABEW HAZLITT.
INEDITED LINES BY DRYDEN.
One of Dryden's happiest poems, " full," says
Walpole, " of luxuriant but immortal touches," is
his " Epistle to Sir Godfrey Kneller. Pope had
it by heart, and in his " Epistle to Jervas," worked
in noble emulation of his master. Dryden did not
labour his. verses; his finish was more through hap-
piness than pains ; yet he could file and reject and
discreetly blot. That the "Epistle to Kneller" was
not thrown off at heart, I have new and ample
evidence to produce. Let the readers of "N. & Q"
compare the printed Epistle with the following
206
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"« S. IL SEPT. 13, »C2.
omitted and altered lines. The cancelled allusion
to Eve is Dryden all over ; so is the reference to
himself and to his sons : —
" Sons may succeed their greater Parents gone ;
Such is thy Lott ; and such I wish my own."
The new readings (" luxuriant but immortal
touches") are taken from The Annual Miscellany
for 1694, or The Fourth Part of Miscellany Poems,
octavo, Tonson, 1694, where the Epistle appeared
first in print : —
" Oar arts are Sisters, though not twins in birth,
For hymns were sung in Eden's happy earth
By the first pair ; while Eve was yet a Saint ;
Before she fell with pride and learn'd to paint.
Forgive th' allusion ; 'twas not meant to bite ;
But Satire will have room, where e'er I write."
The Annual Miscellany for the year 1694, p. 93.
" Some other Hand perhaps may reach a Face ;
But none like thee a finish'd Figure place :
None of this Age, for that's enough for thee, *\
The first of these Inferiour Times to be;
Not to contend with Heroes' Memory. J
Due Honours to those mighty Names we grant,
But Shrubs may live beneath the lofty Plant ;
Sons may succeed their greater Parents gone ;
Such is thy Lott : and such I wish my own."
1694, pp. 94-5.
"To future days [times] a libel and [or] a jest.
Meantime while just Incouragement you want,
You only Paint to Live, not Live to Paint."
Ibid, 1694, p. 98.
" Mellow your colours, and imbrown the tcint,
Add every grace which Time alone can grant."
Ibid, 1694, p. 99.
In Mr. Robert Bell's edition of Dryden (the
only edition I have at present access to) the rhyme
to " grant " is printed " tint."
PETER CUNNINGHAM.
FIDDLES, FLUTES, AND FANCIES.
I send a cutting from a periodical of six or
seven years ago : —
" Otto, in his Treatise on the Construction of a Violin,
has the following remark : —
" • That it is not age, but the constant use of an in-
strument, which produces a smooth clear tone, is an
incontrovertible fact.
" ' I have by me some common made violins which
had been used by a village musician for twenty years in
playing dances, and being in a damaged state I bought
them at a trifling price. Finding, upon examination,
that they were strong throughout in the wood, and had
good red deal bellies, I tried what could be made of
them by giving them the true proportions, and succeeded
in obtaining a violin, which, although every connoisseur
immediately knew to be a trade fiddle, yet the tone
turned out by no means inferior to an Italian one. I
sold it to the concert director at Fulda for forty dollars.
From this circumstance the idea occurred to me that a
vibration, kept up for a length of time, tended to extract
the resinous particles from the wood, and to make it
more porous and better adapted for producing a good
tone — and such is the fact. This induced me further to
try what improvement in the tone could be effected by a
constant playing of two tones in fifths: after an hour's
exercise in this manner, these two tones became much
less rough and glassier than any other in the instrument.
Having now discovered that two tones played together
with a strong bow produced a greater volume of vibra-
tion, I then tried it by fourths throughout all the tones.
They all experienced alike the desired improvement, and
A sharp and C sharp were equally as good as D or G.
I shall, however, notice the alterations it produces in the
tone of the instrument. When the instrument is first
put into use, the tone is clear and easily brought out.
By practising it, however, eight days in the manner above,
the tone becomes harsh and offensive to the ear and
difficult of production : the instrument then appears as
if it would never be fit to be heard again. In this second
stage the greatest number of instruments are spoilt, from
the want of patience in the professor or dilettante, by
scraping out the wood, alteration of the bass bar, and
other contrivances. Those that are weak in wood be-
come bad in this process, and never afterwards improve.
They never reach the third period. But by persevering
in exercising on two tones together it gradually reaches
the third period ; as the instrument, like wax, receives
every impression, and eventually recovers its fulness and
power. It then becomes easy in the tone, and acquires
the beauty of an instrument which has been long in use.
This, however, requires three months' continual practice.
A violin proved in this manner cannot be afforded under
thirty dollars, nor a bass under fifty.' — Treatise on the
Construction, Preservation, Repair, and Improvement of the
Violin, and all Bow Instruments, together with a Disser-
tation on the most eminent Makers, pointing out the surest
Marks by which a genuine Instrument may be distinguished.
By Jacob Augustus Otto, Instrument Maker to the Court
of the Archduke of Weimar. Translated from the Ger-
man, with Notes and Additions, by Thomas Fardcley,
Professor of Languages and Music, Leeds. London:
Longman, 8vo, pp. 66, 1833."
This is a striking instance of the benefit of
theory. Otto, finding that a well played- on violin
was all the better for it, would never have had
heart to go on with his trials, unless it had " oc-
curred " to him that vibrations " tend to extract
the resinous particles," and to produce porosity ;
and on trial, "such is the fact" says he. The
process is an exceedingly common one : an ex-
periment suggests a theory; to try the theory
another experiment is made, which agrees with
the first ; therefore, the theory is true. Dismis-
sing the theory with the remark that vibrations
produced by a well-resined bow are likely to in-
troduce at least as much resin as they extract, I
go on to say that, long before I knew of these
very remarkable experiments, I had become satis-
fied that musical instruments are as much creatures
of habit as the Christians who play upon them :
that their particles — some how or other, which is
my mode of explaining it ; amosgepotically, as
Aristophanes and the other philosophers say —
take a set, or get a way, or a knack, or a savoir
faire. Not long ago, I mentioned this opinion of
mine to a manufacturer of flutes, and I found I
was not quite alone. My friend gave me the
philosopher's look, and said : " Then, Sir ! I sup-
pose you support the vagary of those gentle-
S. II. SEPT. 13, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
207
men (sic) who say to me, ' I lent my flute to ,
and the fellow lias blown it out of tune.1 "
I have no skill on any instrument except the
flute, which I have watched for forty years. It is
more extraordinary that the flute should take a
set than the violin. On the fiddle, the immediate
agent of sound is a string, which remains until it
breaks ; but the chief part of the flute is a column
of air, the case of which is commonly called the
flute ; this column is frequently changed. But
then there is something in the manner in which
the particles of air nearest the case rub, or hold
on to, the case itself. Were it not so, the material
of the case would have nothing to do with the
tone ; but all those who know the flutiness of the
old instruments, which are wood all the way up,
as compared with the new instruments, in which
the head-joint is metal, though concealed by
wood, will understand what I say. Or if they
will not, Horace shall : —
" Tibia non, ut nunc, orichalco vincta, tubeeque
jEmula; sed tenuis, simplexque foramine pauco
Aspirare et adesse choris erit utilis, atque
Nondum spissa nimis complere sedilia flatu :
Quo sane populus numerabilis, utpote parvus,
Et frugi, castusque, verecundusque coibat."
I think it likely enough that others may have
made observations of the above kind. Such things
are often suppressed until some one makes a be-
ginning. I remember that when my friend Francis
Baily first called attention to those phenomena of
a solar eclipse which are now called Bully's beads,
more than one avowed having noticed something
like them, and several hesitating announcements
were discovered in"print.
A word about "taspirare et adesse [choris," in
the preceding passage. All the translators and
commentators that I have met with shirk the
distinction. They say, in general terms, that the
passage means that the flute is to help the chorus.
One Italian translation connects aspirare with
foramine pauco ; but this the original will not
bear. Premising that Horace was just the man
to be familiar with the technicalities of the stage
and the orchestra, it seems to me clear that he
states the old use of the flute to be both to lead
the chorus at one time, and at another to accom-
pany it. It seems to be supposed that, because a
flute is spoken of, aspirare must refer to blowing.
But one of the meanings of the word is what we
call to inspire, to suggest what is to be done. No
one will suppose that in —
" Vos, 0 Calliope, precor, adspirate canenti," —
the muse was requested by Virgil to blow breath
into the singer. And the Latin idiom seems to
require that aspirare should refer to choris : if so,
the instrument is to guide or lead the chorus. If
this be correct, then adesse, as in one of its com-
mon meanings, refers to such assistance as does
not imply complete guidance, and may mean ac-
companiment. Looking at the manner in which
Horace has scattered the technicalities of the
theatre through what is called the Ars Poetica, I
suggest the preceding explanation as giving, first,
meaning, which the phrase has never had ; se-
condly, a meaning quite in keeping with the whole
character of the epistle. It adds some force to the
probability of technical character that the word
vincta is highly technical. It means bound with
metal, not externally, but internally ; or, as we
should say, lined. External binding would not
affect the tone, or make the instrument tubas
cemula.
To complete the comment on the passage, fora-
mine pauco shows that the modern history of the
flute is on this point also, a repetition of the
ancient. The old flute had seven holes, not count-
ing the emboucheure ; the modern flute has four-
teen. Forty years ago, though always spoken of
as a flute, the instrument never appeared in print
except as a German flute. The fact is that the
old flute was the flageolet, or an instrument like
it. In French, the new flute was the flute traver-
siere.
Horace, like Sallust, and all rakes who write
morality, connects the downfall of good habits
with the increase of art and convenience ; which
acts Tenterden steeple to their Goodwin Sands.
I have played on a flute with seven holes and no
metal in the Regency, and on one with fourteen
holes and metal in the reign of Victoria : but I
cannot make out any depravation of manners. I
should rather say there has been some improve-
ment : and this in spite of increased complexity,
not merely in the flute, but in every other musical
instrument. A. DE MORGAN.
TERRY ALTS.
To any one who resided in Ireland, and parti-
cularly to a resident of the county of Clare in
the years 1828-30, the name of "Terrence" or
" Terry Alts," will recall recollections of a "reign
of terror " such as could hardly have existed in
any other portion of the British dominions. An
organised band of murderers ruled the county
absolutely, and for more than two years the
Executive was virtually powerless. Murders of
the most brutal description took place in open
day, cattle were " houghed" (hamstrung), houses
burned, ricks of hay and corn destroyed, persons set
upon and beaten till left for dead, and threaten-
ing notices sent by post or nailed upon the doors
of the devoted victims, all under the command of
" Terry Alts," and by a gang called after their
leader, " the Terries." Now, the supposed
" Rockite leader " and brutal murderer, was a
most respectable young farmer, a Protestant, and
most loyal subject ! with whom I have often con-
versed ; and thus it was that he obtained such an
208
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"> S. II. SEPT. 13, '62.
unenviable notoriety. The state of affairs in Clare,
and particularly in the neighbourhood of Cor-
rolin, a village close to the Lake of Inchiquin
(for sundry legends of this beautiful lake, see
"N. & Q." lrt S. viii. 145, &e.), was very much in
the primitive style described by Maxwell in his
famous sketch — where the priest of the parish
lends the rector a congregation. However, about
1823 or so, a Mr. S came to reside on his
estate about four miles from Corrofin, and among
the first of his arrangements was the building of
two school-houses on his property, to which he
insisted on his tenants sending their children.
The schools were, I believe, in connection with
the Kildare Place (Dublin) Society; and the
reading and committing to memory of large por-
tions of the Bible formed part of the course of
instruction in them. This soon attracted the
notice of the Roman Catholic priests, who forbid
the attendance of the children. Mr. S was
equally determined ; and those of his tenants who
refused to send their children to the schools must
give up their farms. Then came the burning down
of the school-houses, attacks on Mr. S 's house,
and upon such of his tenants as obeyed his orders.
Mr. S was at last fired at by a number of
assassins, and dangerously wounded, and his ser-
vant was killed by the same discharge. But be-
fore matters had gone so far his tenants could not
venture to attend fairs or markets without incur-
ring the danger of being beaten, and having their
corn sacks cut or hay scattered, &c. One fair
day at Corrofin these unfortunate men had been
set upon by the mob, and all their corn destroyed,
while they were themselves severely beaten ;
but as usual, when the constabulary arrived on
the spot, " no one," as is usual in Ireland, had seen
the perpetrators. Terry Alts was walking about
in the fair, and, among the rest, anxiously think-
ing and speaking of the recent occurrence, when
a*" Gamin " cried out, " Terry Alts is the man ! "
The suggestion was greeted with shouts of laugh-
ter, and poor Terry became on the spot an invo-
luntary hero, for he was so annoyed by the jest that
he even applied to some of the local magistrates to
assist him in shaking off the imputation ; but of
course in vain, and his struggles against it only fixed
it on him more firmly. For a time, with a species
of " honour," his person and property were spared.
However, a custom arose of the people assem-
bling in crowds at spring or harvest time with
horses, ploughs, carts, &c., sowing or reaping the
crops of such of the gentry or farmers as they pre-
tended to honour and regard ; the involuntary
recipient of the " favour " was only expected to
supply food, or at all events whiskey, to his
" friends." And so one night they assembled, and
cut down and stacked all poor Terry's corn long
before it was ripe ! This, and some other indica-
tions not to be neglected, induced him to surren-
der his farm, and to apply for admission into the
constabulary force, in which he succeeded, as he
was a man of excellent character and the victim of
undeserved persecution. He was stationed not
far from Dublin, and I have seen and conversed
with him often, as he used, whenever opportu-
nity allowed, to visit his old rector, who was resid-
ing near Dublin for medical assistance a few years
before his death. It often caused a laugh, and no
little surprise, when the quiet respectable man in
the simple uniform of the constabulary was intro-
duced to chance visitors as the great Rockite
leader, who had defied the whole government for
so many years. CT. W. R. M.
Forth yr Anr, Carnarvon.
JMtnor
SIR MARMADUKE CONSTABLE. — The accom-
panying letter, I believe, has never yet appeared
in print. Can any of your readers inform me
whether the title of Constable is extinct or only
unclaimed ? —
" To Sir Marmaduke Constable after the Battle of Flod-
den Field, for doing good service there with four of
his Sons, who were all knighted by the King.
"Trusty and well Beloved, we greet you well, and
understand, as well by the report of our right trustv
Cousin and Chancellor, the Duke of Norfolk, as other-
wise, what acceptable service you amongst others did by
your valient forwardness, in the assisting of our said
Cousin against our great eneinye the late king of Scots,
and how courageously you, as a very hearty loving
knight, acquitted yourself, for the overthrow of the said
king, and distrusting his Malice and Power, to our great
Honour, and the advancement of your no little Fame and
Praise : for the which we have good cause to favour and
thank you, and soe, we full heartilie doe, and assured
you may bee, y* we shall in such effectual wise remember
your said service in any your reasonable Pursuit as vou
shall have cause to think the same right will be em-
ployed to your comfort and Weale hereafter: and espe-
cially because you (nothwithstanding our License to you,
granted by reason of your Great Age and Impotence, to
take your Ease and Libertie) did thus kindly and dili-
gently to your praise, serve us at this time, which re-
quire long Thanks and Remembrance accordingly.
" Given under our Signet at our Castle of Windsor —
26tl> day of NoV 1514.— To onr trusty and well beloved
knight for our Body, Sir Marmaduke Constable the
Elder."
A handsome brass to the memory of this gallant
knight is still in the parish church of Flamborough,
Yorkshire. It contains an inscription of three
stanzas, showing that he commanded the left wing
of the English army at Flodden ; lived in six
reigns, from Henry VI. to Henry VIII. ; born in
1443 ; fought at Flodden, 1513 ; and died in 1530.
E. WALFORD.
Ilampstead, N.W.
ADMIRAL FITZROT ANTICIFATBD. — Acting under
the advice of your commendable motto, I transcribe
the following verbatim from The Times of this
3«» S. II. SEPT. 13, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
209
day (Aug. 28), and shall be glad of further parti-
culars on the subject : —
" ADMIRAL FITZROY ANTICIPATED. — A very singular
fact on the subject of electricity is mentioned by Bian-
chini. There had existed from time immemorial in one
of the bastions of the Castle of Dnino, situated in the
Trione, on the banks of the Adriatic, a pointed iron rod,
standing in a vertical position. In summer, when the
•weather had the appearance of being stormy, the soldier
who mounted guard in this bastion examined the iron
rod, and presented to it the point of an iron halbert,
which was always ready for this purpose, and whenever
he perceived that the iron rod gave sparks, or displayed
a small gerb of fire at its point, he rang a bell, to give
notice to the country people who were working in the
fields, or to the fishermen who were at sea, that stormy
weather was approaching. This custom was of great
antiquity, and is mentioned by Imperati, in a letter dated
1602."
W. I. S. H.
T. HEARNB THE ANTIQUARY, AND WALKER'S
" SUFFERINGS OF THE CLERGY." — A nonconfor-
mist lecturer the other day, abusing this book,
stated that even " Hearne, the antiquary, and a
violent nonjuror," discredited the volume. Is there
any foundation for this statement? The only
passage I can find in Hearne is the following, from
Reliquiae Hearniance, vol. i. p. 305 : —
" A loose and inconsiderate piece of writing. A man of
parts and skill would have reduced the whole to an 8vo,
and have made much more pertinent and useful remarks.
There are many things which, instead of clearing the
clergy, reflect very much upon them, and are to their
disgrace. For the collection acquaints us that some were
notorious for drinking, which however true (as I believe
it to be false) should not have been acted. Things of
this nature should have been concealed. A wise man
would have past over such accidents as infirmities of
human nature, and confined himself purely to the vir-
tues of the clergy, which were much greater than their
vices."
No reasonable man can call this " discrediting."
Hearne here condemns Walker for his candour; for
not concealing the truth, rather than for any want
of credit. JUXTA TUHRIM.
BAPTISMAL NAMES. — The following contains
such an extraordinary collection of baptismal
names, and is given as an authentic record in the
Lansdowne Collection, that it may be worth while
to transfer it to the pages of " N. & Q.," to test
its authenticity. No date is given, but the suit
would probably afford that. The first name on
the list, that of Accepted Frewen, is well known.
"A copy of a Sussex Jury impannelled between Tho.
Collier, gent., & Redeemed Compton of Woodchurch,
clerk, in the county of Kent : —
" Accepted Fruin of Nordiham.
Elected Nisney of Heathfield.
Faint-not Hewit of ye same.
The-guift-of-God Stringer of Hartfeild.
Make-peace Wendham of Hoo.
Return Spilman of Wartling.
Repent Hazel of ye same.
Called Glover of Glynne".
More-fruit Fowler of East Hoadverley.
Search-scripture Norton of Salehurst.
Fly-debate Roberts of Holdendale.
Fight-ye-good-fight-of-faith Blakeden of Ufforsk.
Zealous King of ye same.
Earth Adams of Warbleton.
Be-thankful Playnard of Brightling.
The-work-of-God Fanner of Cornhurst.
Kill-sin Pimble of Westham.
Be-courteous Cole of Pevensey.
Stand-fast-on-high Small of Uckfield.
Peace-of-God Knight of Burwash.
More-tryal Goodwin of y° same.
Faithful Long of East Grinstead.
Joy-from-above Brown of y° same.
God-reward Snot of Fycehurst."
ITHURIEL.
CURIOUS SIMILE. — Beveridge says in one of his
Sermons (No. 112),—
" All things that are needful for you, while you are
upon earth (xe.wn.ftii<nrmt), shall be added to you, over and
above what you first sought : they shall be given you, as
the word intimates, like paper and packthread, into the
bargain."
A5.
CUT-THROAT LANE : CHALK FARM. — Almost
every part of England has its " Cut-throat Lane,"
a lonely bye-way, which is generally thought to
take its name from actual or probable murder
there done, or to be done. In Stanford's large
Map of London, six inches to the mile — of which
I recommend every one to get his own district at
least — the scale allows these bye-lanes to be
named. I find " Cut-throat Lane " in one case,
and " Cut-through Lane " in another : surely the
first has been the second, and is but a corruption
of it.
Another corruption has given the name of
Chalk Farm to a spot which the adjacent lump
of clay called Primrose Hill proves to have been
without chalk since the days of Professor Owen's
pets with the hard names. The old village of
Chalcot is the source of the name. The Board of
Works having merged Chalcot Villas in the Ade-
laide Road, to my great convenience, no testi-
mony to the old name remains on the spot. This
Note will make future readers of " N. & Q." as
wise as if they had consulted Camden, whose maps
would show them both Upper and Lower Chalcot.
A. DE MORGAN.
CUtter fo*.
ANONYMOUS. — I have a very small volume
bearing the following title : —
" Heavenly Meditations vpon the Pvblican's Prayer :
Luke xviii. 13, O God, be mercifull to mee a Sinner. At
London, Printed by I. R. for lohn Flasket. 1606."
Prefixed is an " Epistle Dedicatory " —
" To the Right Worshipfull, my worthy and honoured
Patron, Sir Henry Wallop, Knight, high Sherifie of
Shropshire, and to the vertuous Lady ; Elizabeth, his
wife."
210
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'<i S. II. SEPT. 15, 'G2.
It is signed "Your Worship's moat bounden
and dutifull Orator, T. F." Who was this T. F. ?
From the introductory words of the Epistle, which
are as follows, —
" As Christian modestie (right Worshipful) mooved a
Devine (I make no question) the Anthour hereof, not
onely to conceale his Name, but also, etc." —
it would appear he was not himself the author of
the quaint little volume. Can any one oblige
me with the name of the author ? I do not find
it enumerated under the names of any of the
Puritans ; nor is it noticed under " Thomas Ford,"
" ,Thomas Foxley," or " Thomas Farrar." For
Fuller, whose style it much resembles, the date
(1606) is of course too early. r.
ARMS OF CANTERBURY AND ARMAGH. — What
is the difference between the arms of these two
sees? According to Guillim, the former are bla-
zoned thus : azure, a staff in pale or, thereupon a
cross-patee, argent, surmounted by a pall of the
last, charged with four other similar crosses fitched,
sable, edged and fringed of the second ; that is, or.
(Display of Heraldry, B. 4, c. 2, p. 206, 2nd ed. of
1660.)
The arms of Armagh appear, according to all
the engravings I have seen, to be precisely the
same. I suppose, however, there must be some
difference. The arms of Dublin also seem to
differ only in the number of crosses upon the pall,
live instead of four. DAVID GAM.
"A WAT WITH TIIK KISS," ETC. — Where is the
following, or something like it, to be found ? —
" Away with the Kiss, and away with Tear,
Away, away with the Sigh ;
But give me a smile from a rosy lip,
And a glance from a bright black eye :
For the smile tells of hope and of innocent joy,
And the glance tells of love deep and true ;
And the smile and the glance
Make a young heart dance,
And throb with a pleasure anew."
Q.Q.
CASTELVETRO : SCARRON. —
" Castelvetro objects that the second book of the jEaeid
ought not to be divided from the third, as there is no in-
terruption in the narrative. Scarron gives a comical rea-
son, but it is sufficient to ask why the unusual number of
eleven books should be substituted for twelve, by making
one as long as two." — Notes vpon Virgil and OvU, p. 142,
London, 1749.
What is the title of Castelvetro's book ? Where
does Scarron gives his comical reason ? I have
looked into several editions of his burlesque with-
out finding it. W. B. J.
CHRISTIAN BLACKADDER, wife of Robert An-
derson, who owns land near Newington, Edin-
burgh in 1670. Was she of the Blairhall family
who appeared in the neighbourhood about this
date ? 2. e.
CALLIGRAPHY. — The men of fashion and wits
of the reign of Elizabeth, and of some succeeding
reigns, wrote elegant, or at least intelligible hands.
Can any readers of " N. & Q." throw light on the
date and origin of the foolish conceit, that a bad
hand is characteristic of a gentleman ? K.
CURIOUS ANTIQUE. — Can any correspondent of
" N. & Q." throw a light on the meaning of the fol-
lowing curious device, painted on a hard substance
resembling enamel, and about an inch in length,
the form being oblong ? — A black cube on a white
ground, over which two naked cherubs are hover-
ing, and sustaining a celestial crown. On the
cube rest a skull and cross-bones ; and on the
two sides visible are— 1st, the date "if?" and
2nd, an escutcheon, azure, thereon, a bend be-
tween six covered cups or. On either side of the
arms are inscribed N° (obi.), and the date " Decr
28." SPAL.
Du HALDE'S "CHINA." — There was published
in 1737 a translation in English of Du Halde's
China, by the Rev. R. Brookes. In Boswell's
Johnson (edited by Croker, ed. in one vol. 1848,
p. 663), I find the following relating to another
translation : —
"Green and Gothrie, an Irishman and a Scotchman,
undertook a translation of Du Halde's History of China.
Green said of Outline that he knew no English, and
Gnthrie of Green, that he knew no French ; and these two
undertook to translate Du Halde's History of China."
Guthrie is well known as author of a History of
England, and other works. Who was Green, the
Irishman referred to ? Is there any other trans-
lation of Du Halde's China ? R. I.
GALILEO AND THE TELESCOPE. — On one occa-
sion, being at Florence, I was favoured with a
sight of some of the MSS. of this great man, and
of his mathematical and other instruments ; and, in
particular, of some of his first telescopes. A story
was there related to me, which I do not remem-
ber to have seen in any of his biographies ; and
which may probably have been the great turning
point in his career. It was stated that, when he first
began to promulgate his remarkable theories, a
friend came to him and remonstrated with him seri-
ously on the trouble he was inevitably bringing on
himself. " Besides," said he," you must be in error.
If the sun were the centre of the system, and all
the planets revolved round him, Venus, as viewed
from the earth, would be sometimes behind, some-
times before, and sometimes on one or the other
side of him ; and would present all the phases of
a moon. When on one side, and at right angles
with the sun half her body would be illuminated,
and the other half dark ; and when between the
sun and earth she would be seen as a dark spot
on his disk, and so form a sort of eclipse. Now
we know Venus is always a star : as soon as she
emerges from the sun's rays she is a star ; and at
her greatest elongation is also a star, and not like
a half-moon at any time." Galileo replied he had
3rd S. II. SEPT. 13, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
211
no doubt Venus did present such phases, if they
could only magnify her to such a size as to be
able to perceive them ; and, it is said, from that
hour he devoted all his energies to perfect the
telescope. Of course when complete the correct-
ness of his theory was established ; and the phases
of Venus clearly exhibited. Can any of your
readers refer me to a recorded account of this
incident, or where it took place, or the name of
the friend who so unwittingly contributed to the
advancement of science? A. A.
Poets' Corner.
GREEK PHRASES. — Can any one give rne any
quotations — not in the New Testament — in which
cTaupJf occurs in conjunction with j8a<rTc££a>, alpecc,
or \afj.&dva ? I wish to establish proof that the
expression in which these words occur in con-
junction were proverbial prior to their use in the
New Testament, and that they were in use com-
monly among the profane writers. I am aware
of the occurrence of the expression in Philo, in
Place, ii. p. 527 ; Lucian, de Mart. Pereg. c. xxxvi.
p. 45 ; and Diod. Sic. Q. 18, and others commonly
given in lexicons.
Again, can any one furnish me with an instance
of the use of the word Ancaiuxris in its forensic ac-
ceptation prior to the date of the translation of
the Septuagint, when it became the equivalent of
i?."l;f in the sense of "justification ? "
JOHN PATON.
HEBREW QUERIES. — What German or English
work would explain grammatical (?) difficulties
like these: — 1. I find, in Genesis ii. 7., T*'\'l ;
but when this verb occurs again, in ver. 19 of the
same chapter, I find but one \ Why so ? 2. In
JVCW3, the first word in the Hebrew Bible, I
expect from analogy to find either the letter, or
the pointing, equivalent to our word " the."
Where could I see some explanation of this seem-
ing omission ? H. Q.
THOMAS LAW HODGES, of Emmanuel College,
B.A. 1799, M.A. 1810 ; M.P. for Kent, 18.30 and
1831; and for West Kent, 1832 to 1841, and
1847 to 1852; died May 14, 1857, aged eighty.
He is mentioned as having in 1840 published a
pamphlet, entitled The Use and Advantages of
Pearsons Draining Plough. We shall be glad to
know the size and place of publication of this
pamphlet, and whether Mr. Hodges published
any other work. C. H. & THOMPSON COOPER.
Cambridge.
INSANITY : LAMECH'S SIN. — Can any readers
of " N. & Q." give me information on the follow-
ing points ? 1. Insanity. In an article on this
subject in Curiosities of Civilisation, the following
passage occurs : —
"When the beneficent thought struck the great
Pinel to knock off the fetters of the English Captain, he
struck a note which reverberated through Europe," &c.
Who was the English Captain ? I see it stated
also, but not in the before-named compilation,
that the revivals in Ireland have been followed
with an increased per centage of insanity. Is that
known to be the case ?
2. LamecJis sin. In Dr. Temple's contribution
to Essays and Reviews, we read : " Atheism is
possible now, but Lantech's presumptous compari-
son of 'himself with God is impossible." In what
respect did Lamech compare himself with God ?
CAMUL.
" LESSONS APPOINTED BY THE CHURCH OF
ROME," ETC. — There is in my possession a very
neatly-executed MS. volume, 8vo, pp. 308 en-
titled —
"The Lessons appointed by the Church of Rome to be
read at the First, Second, and Third Nocturns of all
Sundays and Moveable Feasts throughout the Year;
translated from the Romish Breviary. MDCCLXX ;"
and I have good reason to believe that the trans-
lator (whose name is not given) was the Rev.
James Hingston, A.M., Vicar of Clonmeen, in
the diocese of Cloyne, in the year 1770. Has this
MS. been published ?
Mr. Hingston was collated to the prebend of
Brigown in 1771, and in the year following to
Donoghmore, both in the above-named diocese.
(Archdeacon Cotton's Fasti Ecclesia Hiberniccp,
vol. i. pp. 321, 326.) In what year did he die ?
As is mentioned by Archdeacon Cotton, " he
translated some of the classical authors into Eng-
lish ; composed an Abridgment of the Statutes ;
and left several MSS. in his own handwriting,
including ' The State of the Diocese of Cloyne in
1770.'" Where is this MS., which, if I mistake
not, has not been printed, to be found at present ?
I have consulted Mr. Gibson's History of Cork,
but without gaining the information I desire.
ABHBA.
LOST REGISTERS. — The Brook Street Presby-
terian Chapel at Knutsford was founded about
the year 1688. The registers deposited at Somer-
set House commence only on the 20th March
1791.
It is said that a former" minister, the Rev. Mr.
Lord, had the earlier registers in his possession
at, one time ; that he had a son, who died at
Nantwich. but that all efforts to trace his papers
or the missing registers have as yet been unavail-
ing. Can any of your correspondents assist in the
inquiry
AGMOND.
MACARONIC POEM. — Will any correspondent
of " N. & Q." be kind enough to give me the name
of the author of the following lines ? Also where
they may be found, together with any other speci-
mens of the same style of composition ? It is
some years ago that I first met with them ; but,
as fur as I can remember, they ran as follows ; —
212
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[8"» S. II. SKPT. 13, '62.
" Anno incipiente happinabit snowee multum
Kt Gelu intensum streetas coverabit wi' sliilas,
Constanterqae little boys glided and pitched about
enow-balls,
Quorum not a few bunged up tbe eyes of Studentes.
Irritate Studentes chargebant policemen to take up
Little boys, sed Charlies refusabant so for to do, then
Contemptim Studentes appellabant ' Pedicatores.'
Studentes indignant reverberant Complimenta ;
Cum multi homines, ' blackguards' qui gentlemen vo-
cant,
Bakers and Butchers et Bullies et Colliers atres,
Et alii cessatores qui locus ecclesise frequent,
•Tron Church ' et Cowgate cum its odoriferous abyss,
Assaultant Studentes stickis et umbrellibus.
'Hit 'em hard! Hit 'em hard!' shoutant 'dainnatos
puppies,'
• Cataniitosque torios ' appellant et various vile terms,
Studentes audiebant, sed devil an answer returned."; «$J
RICHARD RABSON, B.A.
MANCHESTER POETS. — Can any of your Man-
chester readers give me any information regard-
ing the following poets of that city? 1. John
Lowe, jun., author of Poems, published in 1803.
2. William Harper, author of Poems, published
about 1847.
Who are authors of the following? 1. The
Brothers, a drama. Simms and Dinham, Man-
chester, 1843. 2. The Azomoglan, a play, 1845.
By a Manchester author. 3. Past and Present, a
comedy. Manchester, 1847. R. I.
MEDAL OF INNOCENT XI. — I have in my pos-
session a medal struck in brass bearing date 1684,
and having on the obverse the head of Pope Inno-
cent XI. Only a part of the design on the re-
verse is legible, the remainder being apparently
worn off. This, I am told, however, is not so ; the
part standing in relief off which I had thought
the design had been rubbed, being an addition to
the medal as originally struck, and covering a
cavity, in which there is probably a relic deposited.
The appearance of the medal seems in a measure
to confirm this suggestion, there being no trace
of any design upon the part under which the
hollow is said to be. The medal is bored, having
probably been worn about the person. Perhaps
some of your readers may be able to inform me
whether my information on this subject is likely
to be correct. REX.
OVEEBUET FAMILY. — Somewhere I have seen
it stated that Sir Thomas Overbury, who was so
cruelly poisoned in the Tower in 1613, is cele-
brated as being the last state prisoner in England
who was put to death without first having gone
through the forms of law. From tbis circum-
stance, I have endeavoured to gather what is
known respecting him, and of the Overbury
family ; but what I have seen is of the most
meagre description. His Works, recently pub-
lished, is one of a series of old authors ; it contains
some account of his life, which is the best I have
seen, but to me it is far from satisfactory. I
should like to see a more genealogical account of
the family of Overbury, how, and when it came
extinct ? If you could impart this, it would be
generally interesting. WILLIAM INGALL.
THE ROD IN THE MIDDLE AGES. — In a cathe-
dral in Italy there is a picture of the Virgin Mary
whipping the child Jesus in our ordinary nursery
fashion. Is there any legendary authority for
such a painting ? In your 2nd S. i. 355, a similar
question, unanswered, was put as to representa-
tions of " Venus chastising Cupid." Is there
any classical authority to show to what part
Greek and Roman mothers applied the rod ? Is
it true that it would be difficult to quote from
any modern writer any passage, not more or less
jocular, to prove that mammas of the present day
take little culprits across their knees to birch
them ; and that, therefore, centuries hence, it may
be plausibly asserted that indecent flogging was
retained in our public schools long after it had
been banished from our nurseries ? ANTIBIRCH.
SONG, " JOHN PEEL." — Can the editor or any
reader of " N. & Q." kindly inform me where I
can find the words of a hunting song, of which the
first verse runs somewhat like the following : —
" Do ye ken John Peel with his coat so gray,
Who hunted the Cotswold(?) once in a-day;
Now he's gone far, far, far away.
We shall ne'er see his like again.
For the sound of his horn . . . . ,
And the sound of the hounds he had often led,
Peel's view-halloo would awaken the dead,
Or the fox from his lair in the morning."
I quote from memory only. The air is a very
pretty one. SOUTH BANK.
UEQUHAET PEDIGREE. — I am anxious to bring
the following " difficulty " in the pedigree to the
notice of genealogists, in the hope that it may be
cleared up. Douglas (Baronage, voce " Ur-
quhart") says Sir William Urquhart (fourth of
the family), knighted by Robert III., 1390-1406,
married Susanna, daughter of Alexander, first
Lord Forbes, and left William (who succeeded)
and Alexander. Now I can find no notice of any
Susanna Forbes, as a daughter of Alexander, first
Lord Forbes in any pedigree I have seen of the
Forbes family. In Macfarlane's AtSS. Genealo-
gical Collections, preserved at Edinburgh, I find
an " Inventory of the old writs of the family of
Urquhart." In this mention is made of a charter
granted by John de St. Claro to Esabel de Forbes,
spouse to William de Urchard, shirreff of Cromarty,
dated 1441 ; but nothing to prove that she was
connected with Lord Forbes. What I wish to
discover is this : Is there any evidence to show
that Esabel de Forbes was a daughter of Lord
Forbes ? If so, of which Lord Forbes, and the
date of her marriage, and the issue she left ?
2. e.
3rd S. II. SEPT. 13, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
213
VARIOUS LENGTHS OF THE PKECH. — In an old
book on arithmetic, dated 1701, are the following
tables : —
" 16^ feet = 1 perch, statute measure.
18 „ =1 do., woodland do.
21 „ = 1 do., church do.
24 „ = 1 do., forest do."
Can any reader of " N. & Q." explain the reason
for these differences, particularly of " church mea-
sure." A. A.
Poets' Corner.
VIEWS or RUINS, Co. DUBLIN. — Since my
Query respecting Gabriel Beranger appeared (3rd
S. ii. 86), I have ascertained that some of his
drawings (if not all) are in the possession of an Irish
gentleman. Can any correspondent of " N. & Q."
tell me where to find other unpublished drawings
of ruins in the county of Dublin ? Ruins which
were extant in the latter half of the past century
(as, for example, Donnybrook Castle, which was
demolished in the year 1759, and one at Irishtown,
in the same neighbourhood, which was standing in
1781), have in many cases disappeared in toto;
and therefore drawings of what they were are the
more to be desired. As I have a particular ob-
ject in asking the question, I shall feel very much
obliged for the information. ABHBA.
WARRANT FOR EXECUTION OF CHARLES I. —
Having a fac-simile of the warrant for the execu-
tion of Charles I. as published by the Society of
Antiquaries, 1750, I should be obliged if you could
inform me if the seeming erasures in the docu-
ment have been at any time accounted for? They
occur thrice in the body of it ; the names of the
officers to whom it is addressed are erased appa-
rently, and two of the signers' names, viz. John
Venne and Gregory Clement — the same lines,
only finer, being drawn in the same transverse
direction from right to left downwards, through
the name of " Tho. Challoner."
I observe that, in the Tryul of (he 29 Regicides,
published 1739, " the two bloody warrants for
trial and for execution of his Majesty were read,
the latter of which is as followeth," being the one
as published by the Society of Antiquaries, with-
out any notice of these erasures being taken.
What is the other warrant quoted as above ?
H. M. W.
(Suedes' ontb
STANZAS BY CAROLINE BOWLES. — In the ",Notice
sur R. Topffer," by Sainte-Beuve, published with
Nouvelles Genevoises, is this note : — ]
•' Je trouve chez une humble) et douce muse de 1'An-
gleterre, chez Mistriss Caroline Southey, femme du
grand poe'te de ce nom, et fille elle-meme de Paimable
poete Bowles, une toute petite piece qui me parait
computer la pensee de M. Topffer, et que je voudrais
en passant cueillir comme une pervenche au bord du
chemin.
SONNET.
" Je n'ai jamais jete la fleur
Que 1'amitie m'avait donnee,
— Petite fleur, mgtne fanee, —
Sans que ce fut & contre-cceur.
" Je n'ai jamais centre un meilleur
Change le meuble de 1'annee,
L'objet use de la journe'e,
Sans en avoir presque douleur.
" Je n'ai jamais qu'a faible haleine
Et d'un accent serre de peine,
Laissc tomber le mot adieu ;
" Malade du mal de la terre,
Tout bas soupirant apres 1'ere
Ou ce mot doit mourir en Dieu."
I should be very glad to know the original Eng-
lish of these lines, if they are, as I suppose, a
translation. Perhaps " N. & Q." will give me the
said English at length ? K. M. C.
[The stanzas were contributed by Caroline Bowles to
Blackwood's Magazine, of June, 1824, vol. xv. p. 705 : —
" I never cast a flower away,
The gift of one who cared for me,'
A little flower — a faded flower —
But it was done reluctantly.
" I never looked a last adieu
To things familiar, but my heart
Shrank with a feeling, almost pain,
Even from their lifelessness to part.
" I never spoke the word ' Farewell ! '
But with an utt'rance faint and broken ;
An earth-sick yearning for the time
When it shall never more be spoken."]
TONTINE — What is a " Tontine Inn ? " In not
a few towns we find an inn bearing this title.
What is the etymology, or the origin of the name ?
SPERMOLOGOS.
[Tontine, a species of life annuity, so-called from Lo-
renzo Tonti, a Neapolitan, with whom the scheme origi-
nated, and who introduced it into France, where the first
tontine was opened in 1653. Tontines have seldom been
resorted to in England as a measure of finance. The last
for which the government opened subscriptions was in
1789. The terms may be seen in Hamilton's History of
the Public Revenue, p. 210. There have been numerous
private tontines in this country, for the purpose of carry-
ing into effect some desirable public improvement, the
whole of whom derive a considerable profit from their
investments now, whilst the last survivor becomes the
sole possessor of the capital. It has frequently been ap-
plied beneficially towards the erection of great hotels,
such as the Tontine establishment in Glasgow, of which
Mrs. Douglas, of Orbiston, who died on the 28th of July,
1862, was the last of the original shareholders. Hamil-
ton remarks (p. 61), that " Tontines seem adapted to the
passions of human nature, from the hope every man en-
tertains of longevity, and the desire of ease and affluence
in old age ; and they are beneficial to the public, as afford-
ing a discharge of the debt, although a distant one, with-
out any payment."]
CALLIS. — Can any reader of " N. & Q." give
the meaning of the word Callis? There was
214
NOTES AND QUERIES.
13'* S. II. SEPT. 13, '62.
until recently a bedehouse in Stamford (known by
this name, the inmates being females. It was an
Elizabethan building, and its dilapidated state
necessitated the pulling it down. The Callis wo-
men have now no settled home. In the parish
register of All- Hallows, Barkinir, is this entry :
" 1558 [the year of the loss of Calais], christened
n poor callies woman's child." And aguin: " 1560,
May 15, christened a callies woman's child."
" Callot, caller, and callis (says a writer in the
City Press) seems to have been a nickname for a
scold, or woman of ill repute." Were these erec-
tions occupied by female refugees fronrlCalais
after its loss in the reign of Mary ?
STAMFORDIENSIS.
[ Cal!yet, in old French," signifies a sort of Lose or
stockings, possibly of an inferior quality, as a soldier who
had only the worst protection for his legs and feet was
called " caligatus miles." If the founder of the Stamford
bedehouse directed that the almswomen should wear
ealitjrii, they might easily have acquired the name of the
"Caliges women," and this may have passed into "Cal-
lis women; " a term which may also have applied else-
where to women similarly clothed. If this conjectural
explanation should fail in fully satisfying our Stamford
correspondent, we would respectfully suggest that an
investigation on the spot might perhaps lead to a disco-
very of the original term, of which Calli» is probably a
modification. See " N. & Q." !•« S. v. 466. where there
is an inquiry as to Callis, a workhouse. Calasses, there
mentioned, may be merely our old acquaintance galoches
or galloches, with a new face. Galochier was a " rus-
tical 1 " person who wore galoches; and galocher was to
" behave himselfe rudelie."3
DEAN OF WELLS, 1641. — Can any reader of
" N. & Q." direct me to the history of a Dean of
Wells (I believe of the Granville family), who, in
the time of the civil wars, was deprived, committed
to the charge of a cobbler and his wife, and so ill
treated as probably to have died in consequence ?
I have not, upon a cursory examination of the
recent abridgment of Walker's Sufferings of the
Clergy, found any mention of the case, though
apparently a most gross one. F. K.
[The Dean of Wells at the breaking out of the Civil
Wars was Dr. Walter Raleigh, the nephew of the cele-
brated Sir Walter. The full particulars of his cold-
blooded murder will be found in Itelitjuicc Raleighianae,
Lond. 1G70, 4to, edited by Dr. Simon Patrick, Bishop of
Ely ; also in the folio edition of Walker's Sufferings of the
Clergy, 1714, Part II. p. 71, and in the valuable recent
abridgment of the latter work published bv Messrs. Parker
of Oxford, pp. 289-292. Consult also "Wood's Atliena
Oxon. by Bliss, iii. 197, and any biographical dictionary
for some particulars of this eminent divine, of whom
Chillingworth was wont to say, " that Dr. Raleigh was
the best disputant that ever he'raet withal."]
SIEIIMACHER'S " WAPPENBUCH." — Can you in-
form me if an edition of Siebmacher's Wappen-
buch has been published since the one of 1734?
Or if any supplements to that edition have been
issued '( J. WOODWARD.
[There is another edition published by Gabriel Nico-
laus Ra«pe of Nurnberg in 6 theilen, with 12 Supple-
ments in 2 vols., 1777, fol. A new edition, much enlarged,
is now in the course of publication by Bauer ami Ka-pe
of Xllrnberg. It commenced in 185G.]
"THE LAMP OF LIFE." — In 1856, I read in a
Scarborough newspaper a poem on the sinking of
the "Birkenhead" ship, off the Cape of
Hope, quoted from The Lamp of Life. Can any
reader of " N. & Q." give me any information
about this book ? X.
[TAe Lamp of Life, 12mo, 185G (--Inon.), was printed
at Birmingham, and published by Simpkin. Marshall, &
Co., London. It is attributed to J. A. LaiigforU.]
QUOTATION. — Where does Addison say, "We
have religion enough to make us hate, but not re-
ligion enough to make us love one another"? F.
[Vide Tlie Spectator, No. 459, the last sentence.]
NAPOLEON'S ESCAPE FROM ELBA.
(3rd S. ii. 129.)
Your correspondent L. has, after much re-
search, entered upon the subject of the effects
produced by the escape of Napoleon from Elba,
upon the monarchs and ministers then assembled
in Congress at Vienna. His evident intention is
to collect the best founded statements from the
discrepant versions which have appeared in print,
and to detect the misstatements of others, whose
minds were too much occupied with the magni-
tude of the approaching events to dwell upon the
fortuitous occurrence of such seeming trifles.
Of the contemporary writers, the statement of
Rogers probably has the least claim to implicit
confidence. Thiers, being " loose and inaccurate,"
cannot be relied upon as a sufficient authority.
Count Hardenberg's Memoires, a "work of
which the authenticity is not indeed quite clear,"
is far from leaving a satisfactory impression.
In this notice it is proposed only to repeat the
readings of the events as they occurred, and are
related in the Pastes Universels, a work not
quoted by L., but at least as worthy of credit as
those named above : —
" Mars 4. Le roi de Saxe se rend a Presbourg."
The King of Saxony, being forbidden to ap-
proach Vienna, was "invited" to meet the minis-
ters of the allied monarchs at Presburg.
" Mara 11. Le roi de Saxe refuse a Presbourg de faire
e sacrifice des deux cinquiemes de ses tftats."
This is conclusive evidence that the ministers
of the Great Powers were in Presburg on that
day.
" Mars 11. On apprend a Vienne en Antriche le depart
de 1'empereur Napole'on de 1'ile d'Elbe."
There is necessarily an error in this sentence,
but it may be in the printing : thus, for " depart"
3rd S. II. SEPT. 13, '62.]
215
read " debarquement," — if this is admitted, much
of the difficulty is removed. Such despatches
would be instantly forwarded to Presburg, where
it is believed they arrived in the night, and the
ministers left early in the morning of the 12th
on their return to Vienna ; and the same day the
Duke of Wellington wrote the letter quoted
by L. : —
" Mars 13. Premiere proclamation des so.uverains re"-
unis au congres de Vienne, centre 1'empereur Napoleon,
qu'ils regardent comme perturbateur du repos du monde ;
ils y de'clarent qu'il est hors des relations civiles et
sociales, et livre a la vindicte publique ; qu'ils maintien-
dront le traite' de Paris, et qu'ils re'uniront leurs efforts
pour que la paix ge'nerale ne soit pas trouble'e."
These dates are all that appear necessary to re-
peat in furtherance of the present investigation.
Your correspondent H. N"., p. 382 of the same
volume, will now admit that such things may be,
and yet not "quite susceptible of proof;" but if
any of your numerous correspondents will refer
the statement to any descendant, connection, or
private friend of the Prince of Rohan, the most
trifling circumstance bearing on this subject may
be satisfactorily explained ; and difficulties may
be removed which now impede the' full develop-
ment of one of the most unparalleled events of
this, or of any age. Of the ambassadors it may in
truth be affirmed, that their minds were too much
occupied by the vast amount of responsibility
hurled upon them by the approaching contest, to
find time to note trifles ; to them, at that moment,
of the utmost indifference, and probably haunted
by the fear of the terrible reproach of doing that
with the pen which others would have to undo
with the sword. H. D'AVENEY.
Q. Q. asks whether the passage, cited by me
from Pozzo di Borgo's letter, bears out my remark
upon it. I quoted a note of a conversation of the
Duke of Wellington, stating that, on the first re-
ceipt of the news of Napoleon's escape from Elba,
the Emperor Alexander burst into a laugh. I
then remarked that a letter of M. Pozzo di Borgo
showed that the Emperor Alexander " did not at
first take a serious view of Bonaparte's enter-
prise." His words are as follows : —
" Je ne manquai de presager les suites dans toute lenr
etendue. L'Empereur en fut egalement convaincu des le
premier instant." ,
These words imply that, at the first instant, the
Emperor was not conscious of the gravity of the
event. L.
MUTILATION OF MONUMENTS.
(3rd S. i.218; ii. 176.)
Last autumn/ 1 was on the banks of the Boyne,
when a storm drove me and my party to seek
shelter in the woods at Slane. We found poor
refuge in a small ruined chapel ; where, how-
ever, our attention was speedily directed to a
handsome square tomb, fast going to decay, ex-
posed as it is within that roofless edifice. What
with the pelting of the storm, and the growing
darkness of that turbulent autumnal evening, it
was impossible to decypher the inscription. This
has been since done for me, by the kindness of
Arthur Murray, Esq., of Ashfield, near Slane ;
and I transmit it to " N. & Q." because of the
names, once of importance, which time and hard
weather will soon efface from the marble, if the
Marquis of Conyngham do not look to it. On
the flat surface, under a coat of arms bearing the
device of " Bearne Rigny," is the following in-
scription : —
" This Monument was erected by Randal, Lord Baron
Slane. Married, first to Elinor Barnwall, who here is
entered. Daughter to Sr Richard Barnwall, of Chuckis-
towne. Knight and Baronet, and after to the Lady Pene-
lope Moore, Daughter to Henry Moore, Earl of Drogheda.
" Anno 1667."
On the front elevation are the following
words : —
" This is the Coate (here the arms are engraved) of
Henry Moore, Earle of Drogheda, and Dame Alice Spen-
cer his wife, whose Daughter Penelope Moore is second
wife to Randal, Lord Baron of Slane. The said Dame
Alice Spencer was Daughter to William, Lord Baron of
Worme Layton ; whose Sonn, being killed at Newberry
in his Mas'" service, was before by Charles the first his
said Mas*'1 created Earl of Sunderland. Mother to the
said Dame Alice, was Penelope Wrioethsly, Daughter of
Henry, Earl of Southampton ; whose Brother Thomas,
Earl of Southampton, son to the said Henry, was created
Lord High Treasurer of England, and died Anno 1667."
Alice Spencer was the sister-in-law of Sacha-
rissa ; her brother Henry, the third Lord Spencer
of Wormleighton (afterwards Earl of Sunderland),
having married that famous daughter of the Sid-
neys, whose character poetry and romance have
a little unduly elevated.
The Penelope Wriothesley, mentioned above as
the mojther of Alice Spencer, was the daughter of
Shakspeare's Southampton, and of that saucy
Mistress Vernon, whose " venue under the girdle,"
as Chamberlain has it, was "justified," as Eliza-
beth's Maid of Honour gaily remarked, by Lord
Southampton. Penelope's brother Thomas was
the last of the four Wriothesleys who bore the
title of Earls of Southampton, 1547 — 1667. Since
which last-named year we have had one Countess
of Southampton in the person of the notorious
Barbara Villiers ; two Dukes in the persons of
her son and grandson ; and three Barons, descen-
dants of Barbara, through the first Duke of
Grafton, the brother of the first Duke of South-
ampton.
More recently than this visit to Slane — a few
weeks ago in fact — on passing through Folkestone
churchyard, I saw half of the inscription on the
tomb of the Rev. Thomas Harvey (whose contest
216
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'd S. II. SEIT. 13, '62.
with the Bishop of London agitated certain cir-
cles a few years ago) defaced by the filling up of
the letters, and covering them by broad lines of
black paint.
From the same churchyard has disappeared a
tombstone, with many others, notably those of
the Sladens, which "improvements" have swept
away. On the stone in question was engraved a
curious epitaph, which I copied a score of years
ago, and which I now send for preservation among
the undique gaza congesta of " N. & Q." : —
"In
Memory of
REBECCA ROGERS,
Who died August 22nd, 1688,
Aged 44 years.
" A house she hath, it's made of such good fashion,
The tenant ne'er shall pay for reparation ;
Nor will her landlord ever raise her rent,
Or turn her out of doors for nonpayment.
From chimney-money, too, this cell is free :
To such a bouse who would not tenant be ? "
This chimney, or hearth- tax, was first imposed
by Charles II. in 1662, and was abolished by
William : so that Rebecca Rogers, had she lived
on, would soon have been as free from the im-
position as where she lay. The tax, however, was
renewed and repealed more than once before it
finally went out. Macaulay says that William III.
" abolished it for ever." It was not indeed re-
newed in his reign ; but, in 1695, our forefathers
got the window- tax in its place. J. DOBAN.
I scarcely apprehend the object of GRIME'S ex-
tract from Godwin On Sepulchres. The practice
of removing old tombstones for more practical
purposes, although reprehensible, is by no means
rare. In the city of Winchester may be seen a
paving stone in one of the streets, with enough
remaining of the inscription to show that it is the
tombstone of some old worthy named "^Cing."
Its neighbours may have a similar origin. In
Barbadoes. the fine old black marble monumental
slab of Sir Robert Hackett, an adherent of
James II., now forms the door-step of a sugar
boiling-house. The walls around the graveyard,
at the parish church of St. Lucy, in the same
island, are formed in many parts of such frag-
ments ; while the pavement, leading to the gate,
is merely a row of tombstones thrown on their
faces.
The officers mentioned in the extract are cer-
tainly unlike those of the present day, if we are
to believe the evidence of the numerous military
cenotaphs in our cathedrals, and the sepulchral
monuments, to be found in all our colonies and
foreign possessions, — the memorials of officers and
soldiers. SFAX,.
TYPOGRAPHICAL QUERIES.
(3rd S. ii. 167.)
The names given by the Romans to their letters
may be seen in EichhofFs Vergleichung der Spra-
chen, p. 49, a, be, ke, de, e, ef, g, ha, t, yod, ka, el,
em, en, o, pe, kit, er, es, te, u, we, iks, ypsilon, zet*,
which must be pronounced as German. The
Etruscans and Romans, although borrowing their
characters from the Greek, abandoned the Greek
namesf, which, as respects the older letters, are Phoe-
nician or Syrian, nearly coinciding with Hebrew
and in the Shemitic, their meaning is to be found,
corresponding with the Egyptian hieroglyphic
equivalents. See Ballhorn's Alphabets (Quaritch,
1859), p. 8, in which work will be found the printed
and written characters of nearly all the eastern and
western languages : and it will be there seen
how the written or script character, as in Hebrew,
Greek, Russian, German, &c., is but a more facile
or cursive form of the original larger or square
character, as the smaller Greek letter is the cursive,
and the capitals the uncials. The Arabic, Persian,
Turkish, and Affghan character in use is only the
cursive form of the Cufic. Alphabets were subject
to alteration: Claudius (Suet. 41) added three
letters to the Roman alphabet, which were after-
wards abolished (Tacit., Ann. xi. 14). F and Q
had once places in the Greek alphabet, as their
method of numeration shows ; both, however, have
been retained in Latin. K, Y, and Z, are really
not Latin letters. U and V are one, so are I and
J, in Latin. The name of our letter H is from
the French ash, Spanish achey, Portuguese agha,
and Italian acca. Q, the same sound in all these
languages, is from the Shemitic hoph. Y is the
Greek u-psilon (slender u). Z, called dseta in Ita-
lian, shows, by name and form, its Greek origin.
The Hebrew meaning of H H is said by Gesenius
to be unknown, but in Chaldee it signifies lol
behold ! Q p, koph, means head, in Egyptian
hieroglyphics. The Hebrew origin of Y is 1 van,
a hook, and Z T, zain, in Syriac, is a weapon or
sword, which is also confirmed by the Egyptian
hieroglyphic (Ballhorn, p. 8). The Old English,
the Church Text, Irish, Bohemian, Danish,
Swedish, German, and Old Dutch, belong to one
family, and derive their character from the Mosso-
Gothic of Ulphilas, with alterations from German
and Sclavonian (Eichhoff, p. 51). Church Text
varies so little from Old English, that it may be
considered merely as an embellishment of the
latter form of character. But see Astle, plate xvi.
* In the time of Suetonius (Augtutus, 88), the Roman
alphabet ended with X, for Y and 2 are not found in Latin
words. The sixteen original letters are in italics.
t Alpha et beta in Juvenal (xiv. 209) mean alphabet.
u Hoc discunt omnes ante alpha et beta puellae."
Cicero called his country seat at Formiae digamma, be-
cause the name begins with F.
3«» S. II. SEPT. 13, '62. ]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
217
p. 100. The Hebrew, Syriac, and Ethiopia, in
their MSS., and in print, are confined to the pro-
per large or square character, as now printed. The
more ancient Greek MSS., as well as their in-
scriptions, are all in uncial or capital letters.
Greek MSS. in the cursive (script) character, are
of later date. The Roman inscriptions are in ca-
pitals. That people, and the Romanic nations, with
the Dutch and English (in later times), have fol-
lowed the Greek in their running hand : the Ger-
mans and Russians are also mainly indebted to the
Greek, whilst the Jews have a written (script)
character peculiar to themselves. The time when
the script character was invented [is a difficult
question. MSS. of the New Testament before
the ninth century after Christ are in the uncial
character ; those of a subsequent date are in the
smaller or script character ; but this fact does not
determine when the 'Greek script was first in-
vented ; it must, however, have been before the
second century. (Jerome.) The Romans had the
minuscule, or lower case letters, when Pompeii
flourished, and their running hand existed prior to
the second century. * The German script cha-
racter was invented after Ulphilas, who lived in
the fourth century ; and the Russian, after Cy-
rillus, of the ninth century. Astle, On Writing,
furnishes many specimens, from which much in-
formation may be derived. See particularly
chap. v. p. 159, and Westwood's Palceographia
Sacra Pictoria, and his authorities, preface, x.
T. J. BUCKTON.
Lichfield.
Three of the names of letters inquired after —
H, Q, and Z — seem to have precisely the same
origin as that of the other letters of the alphabet,
being the nearest syllabic approximation to the
primary sound of which the letter is the index.
Thus aitch, or aich, pronounced softly, so as almost
to drop the c, expresses as nearly as any syllable
well can the sound of the aspirate ; and kit is the
nearest practicable form by which the sound of
Q could be expressed, unless the impossible kwu
be thought preferable. Z is identical with the
Greek Zeta, the sound of which is most nearly ex-
pressed by sd, which, when put into a pronounce-
able form, becomes sed, or zed. Y is a misno-
mer ; the consonantal sound of the letter (for the
vowel sound in no way differs from that of i)
being yi, and not ivi, though the form wj would
go near to express it, and may be the origin of the
name. J. EASTWOOD.
Hope, Stoke-on-Trent.
* A specimen of Roman running-hand, A. D. 168, on a
wax tablet, is mentioned in the Encyc. Metr., ii. 753, as
found in a gold mine in Transsylvania, in 1790. (Libellus
Aurarius, by Masaman, Leipz., 1841.)
SIR ISAAC NEWTON.
(2nd S. xii. 399 ; 3rd S. i. 475.)
I am extremely obliged to Y. S. M. for refer-
ring me to Lord Rossmore's case, as a little ex-
planation will show that it in no way weakens my
reasoning as to the grant of the Newton Baro-
netcy ; but on the contrary, it is a case of an
exceptional class, which very much strengthens
the opinion I ventured to express.
Generally, titles are conferred on persons in
respect of their own merits, real or supposed ;*
but in the case of husbands and wives there has
long prevailed an exception, which is probably
founded on this, that the law looks upon the hus-
band and wife, for many purposes, as one person.
Thus, the merits of the husband have been con-
sidered sufficient to cause a title to be conferred
on the wife, as in Lady Stratheden's case ; or on
the widow, as in Lady Canning's case. And the
ancient descent and large possessions of the wife
have led to the ennobling of the husband, as in
Lord Londonderry's case on his marriage with
the heiress of the Vane Tempests. But then in
these cases the title is not limited generally to the
heirs of the body of the person to whom it is
granted, but specially to the heirs of the body of
that^ person by the person who really was the
cause of the grant. Thus, Lady Stratheden's
barony was limited to the heirs male of her body
by Sir John Campbell ; and Lord Londonderry's
titles of Seaham and Vane were limited to his
issue male by the heiress of Sir H. Vane Tempest.
So that no one can inherit the title in these cases,
unless he be of the blood of the person who was
the cause of the grant of the title ; and thus the
issue by another husband or wife of the person, to
whom the grant was actually made, are excluded.
Nothing can more strongly prove than this, that
I was right in supposing that a title would not be
limited to a person who was a total stranger in
blood to the person who really obtained the title :
for, if the son of the original grantee is excluded
because he is not of the blood of the person who
was the cause of the grant, how can it be sup-
posed that a title would be limited to a person a
total stranger in'j blood to the first grantee, whose
own merits obtained the grant ?
Lord Rossmore's case is clearly similar to Lord
Londonderry's, as the grant evidently was on ac-
count of his wife ; who was one of the coheiresses
of Lady Blayney, who was the heiress of Sir A.
Cairns, Bart. ; and, therefore, the title was limited
* In Lord Dundonald's Diploma, the reason for grant-
ing titles is thus stated : " Apud omnes reges liberosque
principes vetere et laude dign£ consuetudine semper in-
valuerit titulos et gradus honoris et dignitatis bene me-
rentibus et virtute (sic) studiosis conferre." — Evidence in
'he Dundonald Peerage Case, June 27, 1862, printed for
the House of Lords, p. 8.
218
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3«d S. II. SEPT. 13, 'G'2.
to the heirs male of the two other daughters suc-
cessively.
I have now examined the Patent Roll of the
12 Car. II. pt. 7. p. 7, at the Record Office, and
found the grant of the Newton Baronetcy. By it
the baronetcy is granted to John Newton, of
Barscourt, Gloucestershire, for life ; and after his
death the baronetcy is limited to John Newton of
Hadar, Lincolnshire, and the heirs male of his
body. Nothing is stated in the patent as to the
relationship between the two ; but the patent de-
scribes the first baronet as " virum familia, patri-
monio, censu, et morum probitatc spectatuin, qui
nobis auxilium et subsidium satis amplum gene-
roso et liberal! animo dedit ad manutenendum
triginta viros in cohortibus nostris pedestribus in
regno nostro Hibernie per tres annos integros
pro defensione dicti regni nostri, ac prascipue pro
securitate plantacionis provincie Ultonie." Now
the family of the first baronet was illustrious. He
was the heir male of Chief Justice Newton, whose
paternal name was Caradoc, and who was de-
scended (according to the Welsh pedigrees) from
the ancient British kings, and who was also the
heir, through females, of the great families of
Gournay, Harptree, Hampton, Barr, and others';
and whose patrimony included the great estates of
these families. Here then we see abundant rea-
son why the first baronet should obtain a baro-
netcy in respect of his family and patrimony ; but
none whatever why it should be limited over to
the second baronet, unless he were of the same
family. If, however, that were the case, then the
whole transaction seems to be quite reasonable
and proper.
Thinking it likely that on 'the creation of the
baronetcy a pedigree might have been entered at
the Heralds' College, I went thither, and learned
that at that time it was not the practice to make
such an entry, and no pedigree connecting the
two baronets could be found ; but there was a
pedigree there, entered by some descendant of
the second baronet long after his time. This
pedigree is entered on two opposite pages. At
the top of the left-hand page is a shield con-
taining many quarterings : the two first of which
are the Caradoc and Newton arms (garbs and cross-
bones). On the same page is part of the pedigree
of the first baronet, ending with himself. On the
right hand page is part of the pedigree of the second
baronet, ending with his father ; and then the se-
cond Baronet is placed just under the first baronet
on the left hand page, and a line runs across to
connect him with his father. This may be in-
tended to show that the second baronet was the
heir male of the first, but the pedigree shows no
connection between them. The pedigree of the
first baronet might have been carried" higher by
other pedigrees at the Heralds' College ; but I
know not whether there were any means of tracing
the second baronet's pedigree any higher at the
time these entries were made. I also saw Sir
Isaac Newton's pedigree ; which he states, under
his bold signature, he believed to be correct. By
this a relationship is shown between himself and
the second baronet. An amended copy of this
pedigree is in Gent. Mag. for 1772, vol. xlii.
p. 521. C. S. GREAVES.
DB. RIPPON'S MEETING-HOUSE (3rd S. i. 172.)
Observing in " N. & Q." an account of the Rev.
Dr. John Rippon's Baptist Meeting-House, which
stood in Carter Lane, Tooley Street, Southwark,
and as my late grandfather was the possessor of
the lease, which, with the reversion to the chapel
at the expiration of the lease, he bequeathed to
me, I should feel much obliged if your corre-
spondent can tell me the year and month the lease
was sold ; also, where I can see a catalogue of the
sale of the building materials ; or if he can give
me the month, and day of the month, in 1830, on
which they were sold, and the auctioneer's name.
My grandfather purchased the property between
1800 and 1822. J. R. D.
Brixton Hill, S.
PHEASANTS (3rd S. ii. 165.)— Pheasants were in-
troduced into this country long before the time of
Henry VII. or Chaucer. In the Life of St. Thomas
a Becket, by Canon Morris, p. 317, it is mentioned
that on the day of his martyrdom he dined at three
o'clock, and that his dinner consisted of a pheasant.
One of his monks said to him, " Thank God, I see
you dine more heartily and cheerfully to-day than
usual." His answer was : " A man must be cheer-
ful who is going to his Master." That day was
the 29th of December, 1 170. F. C. H.
VERNACULAR (3rJ S. ii. 178.) — The remark at
the end of your correspondent's reply, that "in
modern Latin vemaculus means a home-born slave"
would lead to the supposition either that the word
itself was of modern coinage, or that this meaning
was of modern application, whereas the word
itself is used by Cicero as an adjective, in connec-
tion with domesticiis, and by Martial as a substan-
tive, and is itself a derivative of verna, the primary
meaning of which is home-born slave; the second-
ary meaning of scoffer, petulant, &c., being derived
from the fact that home-born slaves usually took
greater liberties with their masters, — were more
saucy, in fact, than slaves otherwise obtained.
J. EASTWOOD.
CHARADE : " SIR GEOFFREY LAY " (3rd S. ii.
188.) — There are at least two editions of Praed's
Poems published in America, but in this country,
to our disgrace, none. In the second of these
editions there are thirty of the Charades, and in
the second volume are appended the supposed
answers. Unless OXONIENSIS has been referring
3'd S. II. SEPT. 13, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
219
to this edition, it is a curious coincidence that
the charade which he quotes is the only one which
the Editor professes himself unable to solve. Yet
the explanation appears to me as easy at the least
as the others. Surely it must be Foot-stool.
If it be objected that such solution is dull and
spiritless, I would remark that this is too much
the case with all. I would instance the well-
known charade of " Sir Hilary," No. VI. in that
collection, to which Praed's own answer was, on
his uncle's testimony, Good Night (the American
Editor gives five other interpretations) ; and
there is an anecdote of Walter Scott appended,
who evidently thought the merit was in the poetry,
not in the Charade. May it not be that the spirited
beauty of the compositions makes the explanations
appear the more disappointing? How many mys-
teries are so when found out ! MONSON.
Barton Hall.
OXONIENSIS will find the Charade of " Sir
Geoft'rey lay " also in Christmas Carols by Sphinx
published at Shrewsbury in 1847; and he will
be glad to know that the " gouty sufferers " may
find a boon in a " leg-rest" although they may
not obtain a Beatrice to " smooth it." C. S.
[Monday's Post brought us a similar solution of the
Charade from our valued correspondent E. C. H. — ED.
« N. & Q."]
ELDEST SONS OF BARONETS AND THEIR KNIGHT-
HOOD (3rd S. i. 275, 420.) — The covenant, which
was made in the patent of creation of a baronet,
to confer knighthood on the eldest son at twenty-
one years of age, upon due notice being given to
the Lord Chamberlain of the Household, has been
omitted in all patents granted since 1824. If the
O'Malley creation was before, the eldest son could
claim of course the honour ; but when Sir Wni.
O'Malley did so claim, or when or where he was
knighted, does not appear. He might have re-
ceived the honour without reference to being the
eldest son of a Baronet. J. R.
LETTERS IN HERALDRY (3rd S. ii. 166.) — Ex-
amples of letters, used as charges in heraldry, are
not very uncommon, in England. The arms of
Bridlington Priory are : Per pale sable and ar-
gent, 3 Roman Bs counterchanged.
The family of Kekitmore : Gules, 3 text Jjs or.
Tofte : Argent, a chevron between 3 text 2£s
sable.
Chark (London, granted in 1604) : Sable, on a
pale argent, a Greek ¥ gules.
In foreign heraldry the following coats occur,
amongst many others : —
Belloni (Venice) : Azure, a Roman B or.
The town of Glogaw : Gules, a Lombardic G5
argent.
The town of La Liviniere, in Languedoc :
Azure, a Roman L or.
The ancient Counts of Mascon : Azure, a Lom-
bardic GO or.
The family of Reding, in Switzerland : Gules,
a' Roman R argent.
The town of Wildperg: Gules, a Roman W
argent, a chief sable.
The family of Dibbets, in Belgium, bears : Or,
a Roman W, between 2 cocks in pale, sable.
Berget, of Lorraine : Az., a Roman B, between
3 acorns or.
The republic of Lucca : Azure, the word LIBER-
TAS in Roman letters, in bend between 2 co-
tices, or.
Mendoza, Spain : Per saltire, vert and or, in
chief and base, a bend or surmounted of another,
gules ; the dexter and sinister quarters charged
with the words " AYE MARIA GRATIA PLENA," in
Roman letters, azure. A. W. M.
TURNSPIT DOGS (3rd S. ii. 149.) — As your cor-
respondent F. C. H. appears to be of opinion that
the use of turnspit dogs ceased in the early part
of the present century, I take leave to mention an
instance occurring fifty years later. The Rev.
Thomas Parks, Curate of Lismore, in Ireland,
who died (in the house where he was born) in the
year 1854, aged eighty-six, retained one of those
animals in his service through life. I have seen
the dog at work in his wheel, in Mr. Parks's
kitchen, within a few years of his death.
Thurles. H. COTTON.
POISONING BY DIAMOND DUST (3rd S. 5. 486 ;
ii. 159, 179.) — With reference to the doubt which
is expressed whether pounded glass can perforate
the intestines and cause death, let me remark that
I have heard of several persons whose death was
attributed to such cause; and I know that
pounded glass has too commonly been known to
have been employed (chiefly by jealous negresses)
on the west coast of Africa 10 ensure the death of
a rival or a faithless lover. The finely pounded
glass is introduced into some favourite food, the
native " foo foo," for example. JAMES CLARKE.
CHIEF BARON REYNOLDS (3rd S. i. 276, &c.) —
Chief Baron Reynolds is mentioned in Morant's
Essex (vol. ii. pp. 522, 532), as having possessed
the great tythes, or Rectory of Saling, in Essex ;
and inherited property, in Bumpstead Helions,
from Thomas Ferrand, Esq., of Hildersham, in
Cambridgeshire. HERUS FRATER.
CATAMARAN (3rd S. ii. 139.) — How could A. A.
suppose that I spoke of a cat in the water ? All
I meant was, that as a cat when jumping through
or thrown into the air always manages to come on
her feet, so the boats in question, however tossed
by the waves, keep bottom downwards, and I
supposed the analogy to have struck the Portu-
guese. I find in Webster that the catamaran is
220
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. SEPT. 13, '62.
also used on the coast of Brazil, which connects it
also with the Portuguese.
May not " pot-baws," which A. A. queries, be
" pot-balls" or hard dumplings, also, I believe,
culled dough-boys, — this last a corruption also of
ball f THOS. KEIGHTLET.
LONGEVITY (3* S. i. 226,281, 282, &c.) — In
1822, there was living (two miles from Whitehall,
on the Salem road to Albany, in the state of New
York,) a Frenchman, Henry Francisco, who is
believed, on good grounds, to have been at that
time in his 135th year. He seems to have been
born in 1686 ; to have been expelled from France
in 1691 (probably on account of the revocation of
the edict of Nantes, in 1685) ; to have witnessed
the coronation of Queen Anne, in 1702 ; to have
fought under the Duke of Marlborough ; to have
emigrated to this country early in the last cen-
tury ; to have been wounded in the defeat of the
British under Braddock, in 1775 ; and, finally, to
have been carried to Quebec as a prisoner, during
the Revolutionary War.
These facts I glean from a notice of Francisco
in the Monthly Magazine for 1822 (vol. liii. p. 6),
which was probably taken from Silliman's Tour
from Hartford to Quebec in 1819 (p. 183 of the
2nd edit., New Haven, 1824). This notice may
be found, in a condensed form, in Peignot's
Amusements Philologiques (Dijon, 1824); and is
reprinted in full m the Philobiblion for July,
1862, a paper published in New York.
SL Paul, Minnesota. J. C. LIKDSAY.
POPE'S ODE (3rd S. ii. 136.)— Collets are young
cabbages, or, as they are now termed in London,
greens ; being tied up in bunches of six or eight
each. ITHUBIEL.
NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.
The Guir« Hornbook. By T. Decker. Imprinted at
London for R. S., 160'J. (Reprinted for William
M'Mullen.)
Some years ago, students of the literature of the Eliza-
bethan Age were rejoiced by a reprint, under the editor-
ship of Dr. Nott, of Decker's amusing picture of the life
of the Young Gallant of Shakspeare's day. That reprint
•was a handsome quarto, and published at a proportionate
price. The present reprint, which seems to be very care-
fully executed, costs 2s. only. And as the tract is, to use
the words of Dr. Nott, " well worthy of notice, for it
familiarises us more with the habits and customs of ordi-
nary life at the time it was written, than any other work
of the kind with which he was acquainted," we trust its
sale will be such as to induce the publisher to give us
some more specimens of Decker's curious productions.
SERIALS AND PERIODICALS. — We owe some of our con-
temporaries a few words of recognition. Our old friend
Prater still maintains its high character for a skilful
intermixture of deep thought and pleasant fiction : Mr.
Knskin's paper on " Political Economy," « Henry Thomas
Buckle," and "Our Manufacturing Districts," furnishing
the former ; and the two tales, " A First Friendship" and
" Adrian," the latter. Thackeray's long drawn, but clever
story, having come to an end in The Cornhill, its place
is being supplied by "Romola," in which Georpe Elliott
appears in a new phase; and "The Small House at
Allington," by Trollope, which opens extremely well.
" Thomas Betterton " is an admirable sketch of the great
actor, by one who has his facts well in hand, and knows
how to use them with effect Macmillan is as usual
strong in its anti-slavery views : and the writer of the
" Outlook of the War " tells us, unhesitatingly, that " the
success of the North is the thing we ought to hope and
wish for." " The Water Babies," by Professor Kingsley ;
and " Vincenzo, or Sunken Rocks," by the author of
" Doctor Antonio ;" are the light papers of this month's
Mucmillan. The new Number (No. 9) of The Reliqvary,
edited by Mr. Llewellyn Jewitt, is before us, and is marked
by the same pleasing variety of iuformation which dis-
tinguished its predecessor. The notices of the " Tissing-
ton Well Dressing," will please lovers of old customs.
The Intellectual Observer for September opens with an
article on " Birds of Paradise," illustrated by a coloured
plate, worth more than the price of the whole Magazine,
which is full of papers alike instructive and amusing.
We know nothing more likely to encourage a taste for
scientific knowledge than this cheap and well-conducted
journal. Mr. Beeton's monthly issues of his cheap and
very handsome Illuminated Family Bi/Je ; bis equally
cheap and very useful Dictionary of Universal Informa-
tion ; his Home Pets ; his Curiosities of Savage Life ; and
his Englishwoman's Domestic Magazine, all call for a few
words of notice.
BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES
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Particulars of Price, &c., of the following Books to be sent direct to
the gentleman by whom they ore required, and whose name and addict*
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LOKFFS (ISAAC), The Soul's Ascension in a State of Separation. 1690.
SCORTWRBTH (GnoROK ), Word of Warning to all Slumbering Virgins.
KINO (.BENJAMIN), Discourse of Marriage of the Lamb.
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(EDWARD), The Soul's Looking- Olass.
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_— — England's Bane, or Deadly Danger of Dmnkenneas.
Sovereign Antidote against Fear of Death.
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The Beloved Disciple.
Sermons on Grace and Temptation.
BAUNEV (ANDREW), The Helmet of Hope.
DL-RANT ( JOHN >, Sips of Sweetness for Weak Believers.
— The .Spiritual Seaman.
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T. O. ha* our very best thanks for the copy of Smart'* Song to David
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CONTENTS.— NO. 38.
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tonic Order — Judge Saunders — " Letters concerning My-
thology " — Knaton, Yorkshire, 229.
REPLIES : — Bishop Juxon, 231 — Rood Lofts, 233 — Origin
of the Word Superstition, 234— De Costa, the Waterloo
Guide, 235 — National Anthems — Serpents in
Surun — Congleton Bible and Bear — The Earth a living
Creature — Chestnut Timber — "To cotton to" — Slavery
— Meeting of Wellington and Blucher at Waterloo —
Coster Festival at Haarlem — Cam-shedding — Great
Scientific Teacher — Pharaoh's Steam Vessels — Archie-
piscopal Mitres — American Tokens — An Old Pocket Dial
— Inscription : Shakespeare's Tomb — Faustus, Bishop of
Riez, &c., 236.
HENRY VIII.'s IMPRESS AT THE FIELD OF THE
CLOTH OF GOLD.
The celebrated interview between Henry VIII.
and Francis I. at the field of the cloth of gold
will ever be remembered as the most splendid
pageant which chivalry has presented to Europe.
Its general results were unimportant ; but amongst
the various incidents connected with that scene of
ostentation, there is one of a political character
which has been much noticed, and which has never
yet received the kind of treatment it requires.
In order to accommodate his court during the
interview, and to display his own magnificence,
Henry caused a temporary palace to be erected
at Guines, near the place of meeting. It is as-
serted that in front of his palace he set up a
colossal figure of an English archer, handsomely
painted, and bearing the motto Cui adhcereo
preeest — he whom I support prevails. In the lan-
guage of the times this was called an Impress,
which, as explained by Camden, is " A Device in
picture, with its Motto or Word, borne by noble
and learned personages, to notify some particular
conceit of their own"; " and all the historians who
have commented upon the impress used by Henry
agree that he intended by it to allude to himself,
as holding the balance between the rival monarchs
Francis I. and the Emperor Charles V. The
authenticity of this impress will be considered in
the following remarks.
I am not. aware that any doubt has hitherto
been cast upon the truth of the incident just
described, although the internal improbability of
it, when suspicion has once been aroused, will, I
think, appear to be very great. The acquiescence
of historians, however, in admitting the genuine-
ness of the impress, will prevent me from relying
upon the argument derivable from that source ;
and I shall therefore only venture, by way of in-
troduction, to allude briefly to one or two of the
difficulties that occur in reconciling the alleged
conduct of Henry with other events which are
incontestable.
I. The object of the interview between Henry
and Francis was personal, no less than political.
The two sovereigns, who were still young, differed
only slightly in age, and they possessed the same
tastes and accomplishments, being both of them
inclined to magnificence, and to the display of
their skill in those martial exercises which dis-
tinguished the yet unexpired age of chivalry.
Thus each of them proposed to gain the friend-
ship of the other, and for that purpose exerted
himself to put in practice every attention which
could be devised to please and conciliate. All
the accounts of the interview agree in repre-
senting the admirable courtesy which marked
every stage of the royal intercourse, and several
circumstances indicating this disposition have been
related by the witnesses who were present. The
temper which Henry brought to the meeting mani-
fested itself at the earliest possible opportunity.
After their first greeting on horseback, the two
monarchs retired to a tent in order to discuss the
articles of their alliance.
" Hereupon," says Hume, " Henry began to read the
treaty, / Henry, King — these were the first words. He
subjoined only the words of England, without adding
France, the usual style of the English monarchs. Francis
remarked the delicacy, and expressed by a smile his ap-
probation of it."
The generous confidence shown by Francis, when
he passed almost unattended through the midst of
the English camp into the presence of Henry, is
a fact which is well known. But the same dis-
position, to please and be pleased, lasted through-
out the interview, and no circumstance of a
contrary tendency, besides the uncourteous and
incongruous incident in question, has ever been
pretended. The declaration on this point, made
by a contemporary who had the best means of
knowing the truth, is singularly forcible.
" The two kings," he states, " were frequently together
in the most friendly manner, and such as best became the
life and character of Christian princes ; for Christ saith,
' A new Commandment I give unto you, that ye love
one another, as I have loved you.' And truly, in this
particular respect, that royal interview was deserving of
the highest commendation." *
* "In qua una equidem re ille regum congressu pluri-
mum meruit laudis." — Polydore Yergil.
222
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3«» S. II. SEPT. 20, '02.
Again, looking at the interview in its political
aspect, the discourtesy attributed to Henry would
have been arrogant and rash ; since the most
ordinary policy must have forbidden him to of-
fend not only Francis I., but also the Emperor
Charles V. by such an exhibition. It is not un-
usual, I admit, to ascribe to Henry the qualities
of arrogance and rashness, and this imputation
cannot be summarily rejected ; but it ought not
to be suffered to countervail the plain evidence of
facts. The interview between Henry and Fran-
cis I. took place in June 1520 ; and this date
deserves to be kept steadily in view. Francis, at
this time, was not twenty-six years of age, while the
Emperor Charles V. was only twenty. The former
had succeeded to the throne of France in 1515 ;
the latter to that of Spain in the year following.
They had hitherto been always at peace together ;
they had even entered into a treaty of alliance at
Noyon, and during the' conferences which fol-
lowed, news had reached Henry of the project for
a confederacy between them to make war against
England."
Charles V. states in his Autobiography that his
refusal, in 1518, to join Francis I. in this project
occasioned the first disagreement between himself
and the French monarch, which was increased in
the following year by his own election to the em-
pire. Each of the two sovereigns, under these
circumstances, became anxious to secure the alli-
ance. An interview between the latter and
Francis had for some time previously been agreed
upon ; and this circumstance alarmed the em*
peror, who, availing himself of a voyage from
Spain to the Low Countries, landed at Dover,
where Henry came to welcome him on May 27,
1520. Three days afterwards they separated,
when Henry embarked for Calais, and on June 4,
he took possession of his newly-erected palace at
Guines, preparatory to his interview with Francis.
Under these circumstances, it must be assumed
that Henry then found the impress set up in front
of the palace. The immense and artistically
painted archer could not have been the suggestion
of sudden caprice, but would have been in pre-
paration some weeks at least before the work
was completed ; yet only eight days had elapsed
since Henry met the emperor, and the impress
must therefore have been determined upon prior
to that meeting. But it is well ascertained that,
before the emperor's arrival in England, Henry
had no settled plan of policy, in regard to the
part he should take between the two aspirants to
his favour, and who themselves had no expecta-
tion of the hostilities which were to follow. At
that time and for months afterwards both Francis
and the Emperor were averse from commencing
* Lcfebvre, Hist, de Calais, i. 218. See also the re-
cently published Autobiography of the Emperor Charlet V.
pp. 6 and 9.
a war.* Even if Henry could have ventured to
assume the probability of such a war, he could
not foresee that it would last for years. No
malignant influence was yet discoverable in the
political horizon, from which it could be prognos-
ticated that the new-born jealousy between the
two early friends was to be perpetual. It was
not unlikely that events might occur to produce
a combination between them which should be
prejudicial to England. Nor is this merely con-
jecture, for there is evidence to show that so late
as July the French court were not without ex-
pectation of a fresh alliance with the Emperor,
and that Henry himself contemplated the possi-
bility of such an arrangement^ Henry VIII., it
will not be denied, was a man] of sense ; and it
is hard to believe that in such a conjunction
of affairs he would deliberately have affronted,
out of mere wantonness, the two most powerful
potentates of Christendom.
But there is a farther objection against the
impress if we revert to the time when it is sup-
posed to have been adopted. It is true that at
a later period Henry might have boasted with
some reason that the sovereign whom he sup-
ported prevailed ; but this truth, which in the
sequel became notorious, could not have been
anticipated in June 1520. When Francis bad
been taken prisoner by the Emperor at the battle
of Pavia in 1525 ; when he had languished for
more than a year in captivity ; when he had re-
fused to fulfil the stipulations of the treaty under
which he was set at liberty ; when the Emperor
had charged him with a violation of faith, and
when Francis had formally given the lie to the
emperor, and had sent a public challenge defying
him to single combat ; when long and sanguinary
wars between them had inflamed to the uttermost
their resentment towards each other ; when, con-
trary to the traditional policy which the descend-
ants of the Crusaders had made it a point of
honour to maintain, and with a recklessness which
was looked upon as profanation, Francis at last
reduced to desperation, had called in the Turk,
the common enemy of Christian nations — to
equalise the balance between himself and his op-
ponent ; then indeed their mutual animosity was
flagrant ; and during that long enmity, it might
well have been believed that rivals so exasperated,
and between whom there existed so many causes
of dissension, would never become cordially re-
conciled. But with the contrary experience of
the past, and with the ever distant and unknown
* Sismondi, Hut. des Franyais, xvi. 112.
t See the letter of the Bishop of Bayeux dated from
Poissy, July 19, 1520, in the Letters di 'Principi. There
was also the contingency of other combinations. See
Strype's Memorials, i. 13, for information respecting a
former plot between France, Scotland, Denmark, and
some English rebels to invade England in 1515.
S. II. SEPT. 20, '(52.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
223
future before him in 1520, Henry VIII., it seems
to me, must have possessed something like the
spirit of prophecy, if he then announced to the
world, He whom I support prevails, and events
afterwards verified the prediction in so extra-
ordinary a manner as they actually occurred,
during the quarter of a century which succeeded.
Still, whatever importance may be attached to
considerations such as the preceding, it is not
likely that they will be suffered, at this distance
of time, to determine between the truth or false-
hood of the impress. I shall therefore proceed to
examine the evidence of a different character
relating to the question.
IT. In our own country the story of the impress
has been adopted, with more or less of detail, by
Camden, Lord Herbert, Carte, Hume, Robertson
(History of Charles F.), Henry, Tytler (Life of
Henry F7//.), and many other writers of in-
ferior note.* Amongst the several French his-
torians who have similarly treated the subject,
it will be sufficient to select the names of Mezerai,
Anquetil, and M. Henri Martin.f The story has
also become naturalised in Germany. In tracing
back the impress through the sixteenth century,
it will be found referred to, upon the alleged
authority of Polydore Vergil, by David Chambre,
an adherent of Mary Queen of Scots, who pub-
lished in French, A.D. 1579, An abridged History
of the Kings of France, England, and Scotland.^
It is also described by Paulus Jovius in his His-
toria sui Temporis, first published at Florence
A.D. 1552, and which within ten years afterwards,
was translated into French §, Italian ||, and
Spanish.^
An incident thus circulated and uncontradicted,
which is related so circumstantially, and which
has become firmly rooted in European history,
will generally be assumed without further inquiry,
to possess the ingredients of truth. Before I
commence an examination of the testimony upon
which the incident rests, there is a preliminary
point which requires to be mentioned.
Lord Herbert, who published his Life of King
Henry VIII. in the year 1649, has deviated from
the common tradition, by representing the figure
which formed the device to be " a savage carrying
* Russell's Modern Europe and The Pictorial History
of England, in consequence of their popularity, may also
be cited as containing the impress.
f M. Michelet has given credit to the impress in his
earlier Summaries, but has omitted all mention of it in
his recent more elaborate History of France. For a spe-
cimen of the ramifications to which the story has ex-
tended, Mr. Hawkins's excellent work, On the Silver
Coins of England, may be referred to, p. 289.
1 F. 203 b.
§ The second volume, which is the only one I have
seen, was published at Lyons, 1555, fol.
|| Venice, 1555-C. 4tol
1 Valencia, 15G2, fol. Translated by Antonio Villa-
frauca.
a bow and arrows," whereas the earlier writers
describe it as an English archer; and on this
point he has been followed by Carte, Tytler, and
some others.* Lord Herbert had to reconcile, as
he best could, the description of King Henry's
palace which he found in Hollinshed with the
account of the impress which he did not find
there. He could discover no English archer
about the palace, but he might have met with
" images of sore and terrible countenances " ; and
whether he hastily assumed that the archer must
be one of them, and called him a savage accord-
ingly, or whether he derived his information from
some other source, I have been unable to discover.
I must therefore leave the origin of the device of
the savage unaccounted for; but the difference
between the traditions is not material in the pre-
sent inquiry, since it is impossible that both of
them can co-exist; and as the one introduced
by Lord Herbert is nearly a century later than
the other, is unsupported by authority, has not
been generally received, and is in itself grossly
improbable, I do not deem it of sufficient im-
portance to require further attention.
To return then to the common tradition : it
is remarkable that, with the exception of Hume
and Chambre, not one of the authors previously
mentioned quotes any earlier narrative in sup-
port of his own ; nor does any writer whom I
have met with refer to any authority beyond the
circle included in the preceding remarks. Hume
quotes Mezerai, whose account is merely a more
modern version of the antiquated French transla-
tion of P. Jovius. Polydore Vergil, though cited
by Chambre, is silent on the point of the impress,
and his real testimony on the interview I have
already given. Chambre, who is a careless and
worthless writer, has evidently inserted the name
of P. Vergil (Polidore)f by mistake for that of
P. Jovius (Paul Jove), whom he cites elsewhere
in his work. If, then, the tradition reported by
Lord Herbert be set aside as inadmissible, I can
find nothing of consequence in the details relating
to the impress which is inconsistent with the
account given either by Camden or Paulus Jovius,
and which may not be regarded as derived from
one or the other of those writers. \
* Larre3r, in his Histoire d'Angleterre, citing Lord
Herbert, has introduced the tradition of the savage into
French literature. Larrey's history had some reputation
in its day, and part of it has been translated into English,
and the whole of it into Dutch.
f Sic. Spelt with i and not y by Chambre.
j I exclude from this remark the additional details
of modern writers, which are plainly imaginary. Thus
C. D. Voss, in his " Henry VIII., King of England and
his Family," contained in the Historische Gemalde, says :
" Francis, upon entering the place remarked this ex-
hibition of Henry's vanity [i. e. the impress] with a
passing smile, but took no further notice of it." In the
Memoirs of the Court of Henry VIII. the same kind of
observation is repeated.
224
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3*d a II. SEPT. 20, '02.
The following passage from the chapter on
"Impresses" contained in Camden's Remains
concerning Britain, first published A.D. 1605, gives
his version of the story : —
" King Henry himself at the interview between him
and King Francis I. whereat also Charles V. was present,
used for his impress an English archer in a green coat,
drawing his arrow to the head, with this inscription, —
Cui adhareo pneut ; whenas at that time those mighty
princes banding one against another wrought him for
their own particular."
The passage from the Historia sui . Temporis
by P. Jovius, next inserted, follows his account
of the interview between Henry and Francis, in
the course of which he had described the tem-
porary or timber palace (ligitea domus) erected
by Henry at Guines : —
" Nee inulto post Csesar, qubd jam enata essent semina
orientis belli inter se et Galliae Regem, ab Hispania re-
diens in Britanniam divertit, non obscura obtrectatione
ejus colloquii, ita at tres simul lieges coire voluisse ere-
derentur. Sed uterqae prjemoliens bellum, et jam anna
parans, Britannum socium sibi asciscere contendebat.
Nam ille belli et pacis arbiter existimari cupiens, dudum
nnimi sui argumentum tarn aptum quam insolens in fori-
bus lignete domus supra armatum ingentem sagittarium
habitu Britannico scite perpictum, prxtulerat hoc titulo:
Cui adhtereo prcetgt"
On comparing together these two narratives,
it will be seen that Camden represents the English
archer as being in a green coat, and as drawing
his bow to the head. This is rather beyond a
free translation of P. Jovius ; and the considera-
tion due to an historian of Camden's eminence
renders it necessary to inquire from whence he
derived these particulars. On this point it will
be proper to advert to the character of the pub-
lication in which they occur. The work entitled
Remains concerning Britain was published anony-
mously, although Camden is unquestionably the
author ; and in the dedication he deprecates criti-
cism by calling his book a " silly, pitiful, and
poor treatise," which he further adds is " only
the rude rubble and outcast rubbish of a greater
and more serious work," meaning his Britannia.
It is thus plain that Camden never intended to
hold himself responsible for every insignificant
detail included in the multifarious subjects which
he has treated in his Remains. He probably
quoted the history of P. Jovius from memory, in
which case the words armatum and habitu Britan-
nico scite perpictum of the original would easily
have suggested the additional particulars. That
he did so is the more likely, from the glaring
error which he has fallen into by representing
that the Emperor Charles V. was present at the
interview between Henry and Francis ; an error
which is no more than a step in advance of the
allegation of P. Jovius, that it was believed the
three sovereigns had been desirous of meeting
together, and for which there is no foundation
whatever. Thus the conclusion at which I ar-
rive, as the result of the previous investigation, is
that the whole of the evidence which can be
brought forward in support of the impress, since
the year 1552, will be found ultimately to spring
out of the passage which I have extracted from
the Historia sui Temporis of P. Jovius. II. P.
(To be continued.")
PICTURES OF THE GREAT EARL OF LEICESTER.
(Continued from p. 202.)
I now give, as I promised, an account of the
pictures which were at Leicester House when the
inventory was taken of them on December 22,
1588: —
A fayre large table of the Picture of Christe calling
Peter out of the Custome house.
A historic of Cookerie, in a frame of woode all
gilt about the border, with a Curtaine of
silk.
A very fayre picture of Noah and of the drowning
of the whole world.
A Table of the historic of S* J. Baptist preacheing
in the wildernes.
Of Elias taken up in the fyerie chariott.
One of Cupid and Venus.
One of the picture of Christe how he was borne in
an ox stall, with 2 leaves to fould and un-
foulde.
A picture of Charles the fifte.
Another of the Duke of Alva.
One of the Cardinale of Lothereng.
One of the Cardinale Shatillian.
One of Henry King of Scotts.
One of the picture of a naked woman with three
babes aboute hir.
One of an old man looking on his booke and
a Ladye by him entysing him from it, in a
frame of woode.
A picture of the young Lord of Denbidghe.
A picture of the Duke of Savoy.
A picture of the Prince of Orainge.
My Lord's Armes richlie painted and silvered with
ragged staves upon both sides of it silvered,
2 lyons and ragged staves likewyse silvered,
the lyon on the top silvered.
The picture of her Majestic whole proportion.
A picture of the Lady Sheffield in a frame.
Nyne Moddles of Alablaster.
A Picture of Fryar Peto.
The Picture of Faithe sett forth in a frame with
certaine Verses.
A Table of my Lord's Armes painted under glasse
in a black frame parcell gilt with the ragged
stafle on the cover.
A picture of a gentlewoman with verses under her,
with a curtaine changeable taffeta.
A Counterfeit of a gentlewoman in a petticote of
yellow satin.
S. II. SEPT. 20, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
225
A smale picture of the Earle of Essex father.
One of the Lord of Leycester with a little cur-
taine of greene sarcenett.
A long picture of Sir F. Knollis.
One of Mr. Sidneie when he was a boye.
Another picture of her Majestic.
One of the Earl of ^Leicester whole proportion
without a frame, with boye his dogg by him.
A Table of the persecution of Saule.
A devise made by Hubbard on clothe of a butcher
and a maide buying meate.
A Picture of a naked Lady sleeping and Cupid
menaicing hir with his darte.
The Countisse Leycester whole proportion in
clothe, and my yong Lord standing by hir,
made by Hubbert 1584.
A Picture of Julius Ceasar.
A Picture of Penelope.
Another Picture of Venus and Cupid.
A Picture of the Lady Riche.
A Picture of the Lady Dorothe.
A Picture of the young King of Scotts.
An ould Picture of my Lord with a curtaine red
sarcenet.
A Picture of the Earle of Leycester before his
going into Flanders.
Another Picture of the Lady Rich.
A Picture of the Countish of Pembroke.
A Picture of Sir F. Knollis thelder, halfe pro-
portion.
One of the Lady Garret, halfe proportion.
One of the Lady Dorothi, halfe proportion.
One of Susanna and the Judges.
One of the Lady Laiton, halfe proportion.
Diana bathying hirselfe with hir Nimphes.
One of a Marriage in Venice.
A naked boye with a ded man's skull in his hand
and an houre glasse under his arme.
One of an ould women.
Tenn smale pictures of Dutch women.
Another of therle of Leycester, whole proportion
in armour, with a frame of woode.
One of the Lord Admirale in black armore, with
the ship painted within the Garter by him.
A Picture of Bewchamp.
Mary Magdalin.
A Picture of Sir R. Sidney leaning on his hol-
berde, and his armore lying by him.
The Lady Darcies daughters' picture.
The Prince of Orainge Sonn.
The Picture of Mrs. Lettice Garrett.
A Picture of Laura.
Two Pictures of the Countisse, with blackamoors
by hir.
The Lady Garrett.
One of Petrarch.
A picture of therle of Warwycke, whole propor-
tion.
A Picture of Cassimeere.
Another little picture of the Lady Leycester.
The Prince of Orainge.
A little picture of my Lord, halfe proportion in
armour.
A little picture of a strainger, with a cheine or
wreath of pearle about his neck.
A picture of a froe selling frutage.
A picture of the Queue's Arnies.
An ould picture of Sir Humfrey Gilbert.
A picture of the governor of Laidon.
A picture of therle of Leycester, made in Hol-
lond.
Another of the Countisse, half proportion.
The pictures of the Kinge of Portingalles sonnes.
A picture of Diana and Acteon.
The 'foregoing ; list, among other points of in-
terest, furnishes us with the name of an artist
hitherto I believe unknown. I mean Hubbard or
Hubbert, the painter of the " Butcher and of the
Maid buying Meat," and of the whole-length of
" The Countess of Leicester," painted in 1584. I
can find no trace of him in Walpole. —
The following is a List of the Pictures which
were at Wanstead: —
King Henry the Eight.
Queene Elizabeth.
Queene Marye.
Two Portraits of Mountsier.
The Duke of Polonia.
The Prince of Orainge.
The Duke of Darskote,
The Duches Darscote.
The Lady Lennox.
The Cardinal Shatilion.
His Wyfe.
Charles the Emperor.
The Palgrave and
His Wyfe.
The Prince of Oraing.
His Wyfe.
The Count Holstrock.
Donn John.
The Count Douerstaine.
The Counte Home.'
The Counte Burie.
The Counte Mansfield.
The Duke Dalva.
Duke Domall.
Marques Berges.
S* Brederode.
Don Frederick.
Counts Darrenberdg.
Lanowe.
Cardinall Grandville.
Grand Prior.
Queene Mother of Fraunce.
Queene of Hungarie.
The Pope.
Queene of Portingale.
Queene of Persia.
226
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. SEPT. 20, '62.
The Lord of Denbidgh naked.
The Picture of Susanna.
Suiale Pictures half proportion : —
The man of Eataya.
A picture of a woman without name.
A Lady of Venccin.
The Baker's daughter.
The Count iss Man-field.
The bride of Venecia.
The Counties Egraountc.
The Ringraue.
The Marques of Berges.
The Countie Home.
The Countie Mansfield.
The Counte Egmoute.
Sl Brederodes.
S' John Baptist beheaded.
The Countisse of Burin.
Three pictures one of my Lady.
Cassmiere.
The Lady Dorothe.
The Picture of Christe taken from the Crosse.
Since my first communication appeared, my
friend MB. HENRT Foss, has suggested to me that
the picture of the Baker's Daughter, of which it
will be seen there was another copy at Wanstead,
is the well-known Fornarina of Raffaele : while
MB. J. G. NICHOLS, judging from the two pictures
of Philip and the Baker's Daughter being to-
gether, inclines to the opinion that they were
companions, and that the latter was a portrait of
a female, respecting whom there was scandal cur-
rent during Mary's lifetime ; it being said in an
old ballad that Philip loved
«• The baker's daughter in her russet gown,
Better than Queen Mary without her crown."
WILLIAM J. THOMS.
LEGERDEMAIN.
If I remember right, one of your correspondents
once suggested the propriety of forming a cata-
logue of books on the subject of legerdemain. As
a small contribution towards such a list, I beg to
mention that I possess the following : —
1. " Rational Recreations, in which the principles of
Numbers and Natural Philosophy are clearly and copi-
ously elucidated, by a series of easy, entertaining, in-
teresting experiments ; among which are all those com-
monly performed with the Cards. By W. Hooper, M.D."
4 vols. 8vo. London, 1774. Plates.
2. " The Conjurer Unmasked, being a clear and full
explanation of all the surprising performances exhibited
as well in this Kingdom as on the Continent, by the most
eminent and dexterous Professors of slight of hand, to-
gether with the tricks of the Divining-rod, Automaton
Chess-player, Speaking Figure, Artificial Serpents, Me-
chanical Birds, Automaton Flute-Player, Vaulting Figure,
Magical Table, Perpetual Motion, &c. &c. The second
edition, with large additions and alterations. By T.
Denton, Proprietor of the Mechanical Exhibition lately
exhibited in London, Edinburgh, Newcastle, York, &c.
London, 1788." 12mo. Portraits. Pp. 96.
In the same volume is another tract, unfortu-
nately wanting the title-page, but headed " Phy-
sical Amusements and diverting Experiments."
It appears to be the work of a foreigner. In his
Preface he says : —
" The honour of performing several Physical Amuse-
ments before their Britannic Majesties and the Kov.il
Family was an event that flattered my ambition in the
highest degree. To obtain their suffrages, and those of
that part of this enlightened nation before which I have
repeated the same experiments and amusements at the
Theatre Royal Haymarket, was the summit of my wishes.
. . . Some invidious hints, insinuated relative to the
means I practised for performing these several experi-
ments, came to trouble the happiness I enjoyed. . . .
Being near my departure for France, I shall trace has-
tily a few experiments, which will be as simple as they
are entertaining, and easy to be performed. . . . Mv
project on my return to this metropolis is, to endeavour
to obtain again the suffrages of the nation, by performing
some new experiments. To reveal on this occasion those
which I have performed till now would be hurtful to my
future." 12mo, pp. 68.
W. H. L.
Berwick-on-Twced.
THE RHYMED WILL OF JOHN BAXTER.
In my Note on Richard Baxter, at p. 141, 1 asked
who was John Baxter ; who, about the year 1730,
being then about sixty years of age, was land-
steward to the Foleys ? Since I wrote the Note
I have been put in possession of a copy of the
rhymed " WiH of John Baxter, of Conderton,
Overbury, Worcestershire ; Proved in the Con-
sistory Court of Worcester in 1724." Whether
or no he is of kin to the John Baxter, for whom I
made inquiry, I do not know ; but the will itself
is sufficiently curious to merit preservation in the
columns of " N. & Q." : —
" July the 25, Anno 1723.
" With God's good leave this is my last will,
Which to deceive is past man's skill,
I do bequeath unto his hill. My soul for to abide.
My body to be turned to dust nere to my wives yf my
sonnes nurat,
To meet my soul againe I trust : when it is glorifule.
For this world's good, as God did lend it,
If I hcvc not for to spend it : after this manner I com-
mend it,
As hereafter is directed :
My goodes and cattle greate and small, to my sonn
John I give them all ;
And unto him my land doth fall. He's my executor.
And tho' to my "wife I little give, I mean with John
that she to live,
And boath my sonns her to relieve, and not to let her
want.
I leand som pounds to my sonn Thomas :
Thirty of which, by bond and promis,
He must pay back at the next lamas after my decease.
Nine thereof I bequeath unto his seede, three a-peece I
have decreed :
3rd S. II. SEPT. 20, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
227
Which being paid, his bonde is freede, I meane the
thirtj' pounds.
I give and bequeath tenn pounds to my sonn-in-law
John Jones;
And three pounds a-peece to his 3 youngest ones —
Samuel, Jone, and Mary Jones.
I give and bequeath to my sister's three children —
John,
Moses, and Ann — one pound nobles a-peece. A slen-
der fee
I give and bequeath to my sonn-in-lawe, William
Whithorn,
And to his wife Elizabeth, and to his sonne William,
and to his daughter Sarie, five shillings a-peece.
Last of all, if my daughter Jones do out-live her hus-
band,
I desire she may have free abiding at Conderton or
At Kinsham."
The rhyming powers of John Baxter seem to
have deserted him at the close of his will.
CUTHBEET BEDE.
ANDREW MARVELL. — The following verses on
the death of Andrew Marvell have been copied
from a parish register, in the north of Yorkshire ;
and perhaps you may think they merit a wider
publicity than the writer had secured for them : —
"VERSES UPON THE DEATH OF MR. MARVELI,
PREACHER, OF HULL, 1641.
" A flocke without a sheppeard goeth a-stray,1
And is exposed to danger everie day.
Now this sad case is ours, if right applyde,
For we have lost a pastor dignified.
" Dearly beloved, of God and man esteemed,
Yet could not be from such a death redeemed.
Keplenisht wholly with the Holy Spirit,
Yet lost his breath, and now doth life inherit.
" Even thus you see how death spares none at all,
Both good and bad must come when God doth call ;
While Marvell lived he taught the way to God,
With great delight therein his foote steps trod.
" Much paines he tooke by prayer and exhortacion,
To move his hearers to true reformacion ;
A light he was to church and corporacion,
He prayed for both, and gave them consolacion.
" Religiously he lived, he taught, he prayed,
Marvell, I meane, who in the depth is layd.
Volved in thicke claye his comely bodie lies,
His soule hath mounted farr above the skies.
" Even to his God is his sweete soule removed,
And there she lives with Christ her best beloved.
Life mortall he hath changed, and mortall things,
And sings Hallellujahs to the King of kings.
" Loe ! Marvell hath obtained a safe convoy,
And entered is into his Master's ioy."
LITTERATEUR.
[Of course these lines commemorate the father of the
witty author of The Rehearsal Transprosed, who was first
Rector of Winestead, which he resigned, in 1624, for the
Readership of the Holy Trinity Church, Hull. See
" N. & Q.," 1st S. vi. 20.— ED.]
PRINCE CHARLES EDWARD STUART. — M. Michel,
in his work, Les Ecossais en France, les Franqais
en Encossc, mentions that the Scottish Guard
having come to an end, Prince Charles .Ed ward
Stuart being wishful to distinguish the Masons of
Artois for many kindnesses he had received from
them, founded in the city of Arras a " primatial
sovereign chapter of R. C.X., under the distinctive
title of Jacobite Scotland." Did he bestow any
jewel on that body of Free Masons ? There is
preserved by the Masonic Lodge of the city of
Stockholm, a jewel which once belonged to Prince
Charles Edward. The Prince belonged, I believe,
to the order of Knight Templars ; and a curious
account of his proceedings with regard to that
order is given in an account of " The Prince's
Court" at Holyrood House, in 1746, in Memoirs
of Sir Robert Strange, SfC., by James Dennistoun
of Dennistoun, vol. i. p. 81.
There is a relic which the Prince wore, con-
nected with this order, in the Abbotsford edition
of the Waverley Novels. . M. M.
GUESTEN HAIX, WORCESTER. — Dean Peel and
Canon Wood have asked, What was the good of
the Guesten Hall ? — now demolished. Let Valen-
tine Green reply : —
" There remains one public office of the monasterj',
that may give us some idea of its hospitality. This is the
audit-house, anciently called Guesten Hall ; built, in
1320, by Wolstan de Braunsford, then prior, afterwards
Bishop of Worcester, for the entertainment of strangers by
tMemselves : the rules of the order not allowing them to
sit with the monks, at the tables of the refectory
The building is still sacred to hospitality ; and the noble en-
tertainments furnished here, at the annual audits, do honour
to a capitular body, established by one of the greatest of
our kings." — Survey of the City of Worcester, Worcester,
1764, p. 65.
A Query in reply to the Dean and Canon might
be — What will they do with the books in their
chapter-house, when that chapter-house is re-
stored, now that they have lost their Guesten
Hall ? Will they get rid of them, too, as good-
for-nothing ?
As salve to sacrilege — the noble wood-roof,
which spanned the hall, has, I believe, been given
to spoil a church. Only another instance of the
fact, that " Non ex quovis ligno fit Mercurius."
QUAKER.
FIVE SORTS or TREES CONJOINED. — The fol-
lowing curious circumstance is mentioned by
Blomefield, in his History of Norfolk, vol. ii.
p. 283 : —
" On Caston Common there is a tree grown in a very
unusual manner : it was first a large willow, on the head
or tod of which an acorn, the key of an ash, an elder-
berry, and a hazle-nut, were lodged (probably carried
thither by the birds) ; all which took root in the dirt and
rotten part on the tod, and so run downwards till they
reached the earth, and rooted in it, and continued grow-
ing till they split the body of the willow open ; and so
the first roots, which ran from the tod to the earth, are
become a tree ; and the outward rind of the willow being
228
NOTES AND QUERIES.
II. SEPT. 20, '62.
standing, thero are five sorts of trees conjoined, viz. an
oak, an ash, a willow, a hazle, aud an older."
A. W. M.
" A NEW YEAB'S GIFT TO THE PEOPLE op IRE-
LAND," 1750. — I have a copy of a 12mo. volume,
entitled A New Years Gift for the People of Ire-
land, for the Year 1750 (Dublin, 1750), and dedi-
cated to the Lord Archbishop of Armagh. The
author, who has not given his name, describes
himself on the title-page as " a sincere lover of
his country." The book is rather curious, and
contains a considerable amount of good reading ;
and so far as I am aware, is not well known.
Who was the author ? ABHBA.
THOMAS AGEE. — Information concerning this
divine, author of A Paraphrase on the Canticles or
Song of Solomon, 1680, will much oblige. He is
called, on the title-page of the excellent little
volume, " the late learned and pious Protestant,
Thomas Ager." An address to the reader is
signed " J. H." Query, John Howe ? I do not
find Ager in Watt, or any of the common autho-
rities. Did he write anything else ? r.
APBES MOI LE DELUGE! — Upon what authority
is this saying attributed to Talleyrand ? Afira~
beau quoted it in 1785 as if it were not altoge-
ther new. After the suppression, by the council
of state, of his work, De la Banque cTEspagne, dite
de St. Charlet, he published a pamphlet, under
the title of
" Lettre da Comte de Mirabeau h M. Le Couteulx de
la Noraye, sur la Banque de Saint-Charles et BUT la
Caisse d'Escompte."
At p. 91 (Appendix), arguing that the refusal
of the shareholders of the Caisse-d'Escompte to
reduce the rate of discount from 4| to 4 per cent,
was based upon stock-jobbing views, he deals
some heavy blows to the marchands d'actions, who
"raisonnent k 1'egard des actions qu'ils veulent
vendre incessament, comme les gens sans poste-
rite sur les futurs contingens de leur fortune.
APBES NOUS, disent-ils, APBES NOUS LE DELUGE ; et
ce mot odieux est, comme on voit, aussi peu
propre a la conservation de la Caisse d'Escompte
qu'a celle de la Socie'te'."
M. Le Couteulx, to whom the pamphlet is in-
scribed, was one of the Committee of Shareholders.
The date is Paris, July 15, 1785. Query if
printed at Paris, although nominally at Brussels ?
The concluding paragraph, as well as many other
passages, is full of epigram, and of sharpness of
perception — " Quant aux actions, c'est 1'affaire
de ceux qui les possedent ; il y a long temps que
1'agiotage a pour devise, CAVEAT EMPTOB."
FRED. HKNDRIKS.
[In the 3rd vol. of our 1«* S. p. 299, will be found a cha-
racteristic note by the late Douglas Jerrold upon this
saying, which had been by The Times attributed to Mtt-
tcrnich, but which he shows had been bv Barriere as-
cribed to the Marquise de Pompadour. " It may reason •
ably be doubted," says Douglas Jerrold, " that her brai:i
originated it ; for it was not an order of brain that packs
wisdom in few syllables." — ED.]
BLONDIN. — What is Blondin's weight ? This
sounds like one of the queries addressed to the
omniscient editor of a sporting paper ; but per-
haps the editor of " N. & Q." can answer it. At.
p. 72 of the Annual Register for 1861, a droll
misprint assigns to Blondm such a weight as will
make future readers wonder how so heavy a man
could walk the tight rope at all. The writer
says, " In height he is about five feet six inches,
and weighs nearly sixteen stone." J.
BREEDING PEARLS. — Nearly five years ago,
while staying with some kind friends in Pulo
Penang (Straits of Malacca), I was shown by a
lady resident, wife of a merchant of high position
in this island, some five ordinary-looking small
pearls, which had increased and multiplied while
in her possession. She had set them aside for
about a twelvemonth in a small wooden (screw)
box about 2£ inches broad, and 1£ inches high.
They were packed in soft cotton, and accompanied
by half a dozen grains of common rice. On open-
ing the receptacle at the expiration of the abovo
time, she found four additional pearls. These
I myself saw and examined not long after tin;
lady had made the discovery — beautiful little
things they were, and about the size of small pins'
heads.
My story, such as it is, will of course be re-
ceived with shouts of laughter by your readers.
I can only most solemnly assure you of the truth
of my having seen these pearls, and I have not
the slightest doubt of the perfect truthfulness ot
the lady who possessed them. I questioned an
eminent Malay merchant of Penang, old Noor-ed-
Deen, on this subject, and he assured me that one of
his daughters had once possessed a similar growth
of pearls. He promised, moreover, to procure me a
set of these breeding pearls (!) as he called them,
but I fear the worthy old gentleman, if he is in-
deed still alive, has forgotten me. Perhaps Sir
Emerson Tennent may have heard of such a case
in his experience of the Ceylon Pearl Fisheries.
A. L.
Monkstown, Dublin.
WILLIAM COLQUITT, of Christ's College, Cam-
bridge, B.A. 1781, was author of a poem on first
seeing York Minster. York, 4to, 1784.* Addi-
tional information respecting him is desired by
C. H. & THOMPSON COOPER.
[* This poem, with six others by William Colquitt,
was published in 1802, in a quarto volume printed at
Chester, and sold by Cadell and Davis, Strand. — ED.]
S. II. SEPT. 20, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
229
DEPUTY CLERKS AND CHAPLAINS IN ORDINARY.
Can any of your readers inform me where to
apply in order to obtain the dates of the appoint-
ment of the following persons to the offices of
Deputy Clerk of the Closet, or Chaplain in Ordi-
nary to the King, respectively : —
Dr. Zachary Cradock, died 1695, chaplain. Qy.
date ?
Dr. William Clagett, died 1688, chaplain. Qy.
date ?
Abp. Wm. Wake, died 1737, deputy- clerk. Qy.
date?
Dr. Thomas Richardson, died 1733, chaplain.
Qy. date.
Dean Robert Moss, died 1729, chaplain. Qy.
date?
Archd. H. Stebbing, died 1763, chaplain. Qy.
date ?
Dr. H. Stebbing, died 1787, chaplain. Qy date ?
J.A.H.
FEMALE " PRINTER'S DEVILS." — In Boswell's
Johnson (ast. 72, 1781), a curious anecdote is
'given of a friend having married " a printer's
devil," and Johnson justifying the proceeding by
declaring that the "woman had a bottom of good
sense," &c. &c. Has Miss Emily Faithful or any
of the staff of her office heard of the employment
of women in printing so early or earlier than this
date ? What other similar cases are known, as the
employment of women in such work has generally
been considered as one of the novelties of this
generation ? ESTE.
JAPANESE IN EUROPE. — Hakluyt, in his 2nd
vol. p. 123, in the account of Sir F. Drake's ex-
pedition of 1587, mentions that the celebrated
navigation took as a prize a carrack called the
" St. Philip," which in its " outward voyage had
carried the three princes of Japan that were in
Europe into the Indies."
Wanted to know if there is any account of this
Japanese visit at that period, and what localities
they visited ? ABRACADABRA.
FRANCIS MEEKE, ESQ. published a volume of
poems, York, 4to, 1782. One of the name was of
Christ's College, Cambridge, B.A. 1773, M.A.
1776. Can any of your readers furnish particu-
lars respecting Mr. Meeke the author ?
C. H. & THOMPSON COOPER.
Cambridge.
GHERARD MERMAN'S " BOATMAN'S DIALOGUES."
In the notes at the end of " A Sermon preached
at St. Martin's Church, Oxford, on March 15, 1713,"
some " sturdy opponents of Rome" are mentioned,
and the author says : —
" In the last century, Gherard Merman wrote a book
in Low Dutch, called the Boatmen's Dialogues, which was
translated into French, Entretiens sur la mer. I wish we
had an English translation."
Can any reader of " N. & Q." give an indication
of these books ? They are not in Brunet, and I
have looked without success into various cata-
logues. M. E.
REV. F. NEWNHAM. — Can any reader of
" N. & Q." give me any account of the Rev. F.
Newnham of Horsleydown, who in 1809 published
a curious book. The Pleasures of Anarchy ? Se-
veral later editions appeared — one so lately as
1852. Mr. Newnham, I believe, was of Worces-
ter College, Oxford. R. I.
QUOTATION. —
" Fools build houses,
Wise men live in them ! "
Where is this proverb from ? M. K.
ROOD SCREEN. — Can any correspondent of
" N. & Q." inform me if any case has been tried
to decide whether the rood-screen belongs to the
church or to the chancel ? and if so, where the
particulars can be found ? A. W. M.
ST. GEORGE FOR ENGLAND. — At what battles
was " St. George " used as a rallying call or war-
cry by the English, and what were the exact words
used ? A. M. C.
REPRESENTATIVE OP JUSTICE SHALLOW. —
Southey in his letter to the Rev. J. W. Warter,
vol. iv. p. 240 of Selections of his Letters, 19 Oct.
1831, writes: —
"James White thought it prudent to keep me in a cog
(as the present representative of Justice Shallow says he
travels') while I was at Cruck Mede."
Will you or any of your correspondents please
to inform me who this representative of Justice
Shallow was ? It strikes me he was a celebrated
city politician. FRA. MEWBURN.
Larchfield, Darlington.
THE FAIRCHILD SERMON. —
" The old church at St James's, Aldgate, on Whit-
Tuesday evening wore a charming aspect, which was
certainly not due to its architectural pretensions, nor
to its ornate condition, for it is terribly out of repair.
The charm lay in the pleasant smiling faces of the girls
and boys who filled the pews, and in the bouquets of
flowers which they carried in their hands. They listened
with fixed attention while the rector (the Rev. W. Mey-
nell Whittemore) discoursed, according to annual custom,
on a topic allied to 'flowers.' His text was Isaiah Ixi. 11,
and his subject was 'Beauty of Character, as illustrated
by Floral References.' The preacher duly admired a
nosegay which some kind young friend had placed in the
pulpit, and requested his audience to notice how beauti-
ful are the flowers which God has so bountifully scattered
over the earth." — City Press.
How, when, and with whom originated that
singular " annual custom," which is the subject of
the preceding paragraph ? ST. SWITHIN.
[This is not the celebrated endowed lecture founded by
Mr. Thomas Fairchild of Hoxton, and which is preached
yearly in the church of St. Leonard, Shoreditcb, on Whit
230
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. SEI-T. 20, '62.
Tuesday; but one of a similar character originated by the
present excellent Rector of St. James'n, Aldgate. Mr.
Fuin-hild, the worthy gardener of Hoxton, was a man of
considerable abilities in his profession, and carried on his
business in the premises recently called Selby's Garden.",
extending from the west end of Ivy Lane to the New
North Road. By his will, dated 21st February, 17:28, he
bequeathed to the trustees of the charity children at
Hoxton and their successors, and the churchwardens of
Shoreditcb, the sum of 25/., the interest of which he
desired might be given annually to the lecturer of this
parish for preaching on Whit Tuesday a sermon on "The
Wonderful Works of God in the Creation ; " or " On the
certainty of the Resurrection of the Dead proved by the
certain changes of the Animal and Vegetable parts of the
Creation." The bequest came into operation in 1730, and
has been continued ever since. The yearly sum pro-
vided by Mr. Fairchild not proving sufficient, a subscription
was entered into, whereby the capital sum was increased
to 1001. South Sea Annuities, producing ;-{/. per annum, and
which was transferred to the President, Council, and
Fellows of the Royal Society in 174G, the trustees,
churchwardens, and subscribers considering that body as
being the most proper in whom to repose and perpetuate
a trust so suitable to the very end of their incorporation —
that of promoting the knowledge of natural things to the
glory of God and the good of mankind. Some celebrated
clergymen have preached this lecture, among others Dr.
Denne, Dr. Stukeley, Samuel Ayscough, J. J. Ellis, and
the present Bishop of Oxford.
Mr. Fairchild died 10th October, 1729, and was buried
in the " Poor's Ground" in the Hackney Road; a plain
brick tomb was built over his grave, on which was a
stone recording his death, and the death of some mem-
bers of his family ; but it having become ruinous, a new
stone was provided by the churchwardens, on which is
the following inscription : — ".Sacred to the memory of
Mr. Thomas Fairchild, of Hoxton, gardener, who departed
this life the 10th October, 1729, in the sixty-third year
of his age. Mr. Fairchild was a benefactor to the paro-
chial schools, and founder of the lecture annually preached
in Shoreditch Church on Whit Tuesday, on the subject
of 'The Wonderful Works of God in the Creation ;* or
' On the Certainty of the Resurrection of the Dead proved
by the certain changes of the Animal and Vegetable
parts of Creation.' The stone originally placed over his
remains having gone to decay, the present memorial was
erected in 1846, and 117 years after his decease, in ad-
miration of his benevolence.
<*»*— ~-
For additional particulars of Thomas Fairchild, consult
Ellis's History of Shoreditch, pp. 283-288 ; and " N. & Q."
!•« S. xi. 66, 151 ; 2n* S. i. 507; viii. 480.]
GALLOWSES. — Will you or any of your readers
please to give me the derivation of the word
gallowses, which was in constant use in my early
days, but " slings " or " braces " now supplies its
place, as more elegant or more pleasing in pro-
nunciation ? The word gallowses is used by
Southey in the 4th volume of Selections from his
Correspondence (p. 530, n.), in his very amusing
description of that most excellent and truly
worthy, but very fussy, gentleman, Mr. C. W. W.
Wynne. I have consulted several dictionaries,
ancient and modern, but have found the word in
Dyclie only. He, however, does not give the de-
rivation of it. In the Crave* Dialect Glossary,
the word gallows appear?, and is thus expressed —
" 1. To be buried under the gallows. '2. Braces."
And in the Glossary of Yorkshire Words, gal-
lowses is thus defined — "A pair o' gallowses, braces,
or suspenders for men's trowsers." But Brockett
in his Glossary omits the word, which surprises
me, as it was, as I have stated, in use in my early
days. FBA. MEWDUBN.
Larchfield, Darlington.
[Braces for keeping up the trowsers being commonly
called suspenders, we cannot help imagining some connec-
tion between gallowses and gallows. The term msjtendtrs
would naturally suggest the idea of " hanging by the
neck," through the medium of the judicial "sus. per
coll.," or "suspendatur per colluin." Moreover, in old
Latin, suspendium meant a gallows — " patibuhim, furca."
Cf. the provincial term gallace, braces, and gallat, the
gallows.J
" HERE AWA', THEEB AWA'." — Will " N. & Q."
give me any trustworthy account of the air of
" Here awa', there awa', wandering Willie ? "
What is the earliest date to which it can be traced
back, and is there good musician- like reasons for
supposing it Scotch ? The second part sounds to
me more like English. Query, Northumbrian ?
K. M. C.
[Mr. G. F. Graham, in The Songs of Scotland adapted
to their appropriate Melodies, i. 67, 8vo, 1848, informs us,
that " this simple and charming little melody was first
published by James Oswald, in his Caledonian Pocket
Companion, book vii. Its melodic structure is remark-
able. The commencement indicates the major key of F,
while the close is in D minor. We have seen such modu-
lation in modern classical music, but only in the first
strain of an Andante; the second strain reverting to the
key first indicated, and concluding in it. In this Scottish
melody there is, therefore, a curious peculiarity of modu-
lation, which is not only free from harshness, but is
pathetically pleasing and effective. .... The date
of the composition of this air, or its author, cannot now
be ascertained. Burns' first version of his song ' Hero
awa', there awa',' was written in March, 1793, and sent
to Mr. George Thomson. Some alterations were proposed
by the Hon. Andrew Erskine and Mr. George Thomson,
in which Burns at first acquiesced. But, as Dr. Currio
remarks in his edition of Burns' Worfts, 'our poet, with
his usual judgment, adopted some of these alterations,
and rejected others." "3
"LITURGICAL QDERY. — When was the custom
dropped by the royal printers of putting the words
of consecration, " This is my body," &c., in the
Communion Service of the Anglican Prayer Book
in capital letters ? I possess an old folio Prayer
Book of great rarity, as I am informed, in which
the ancient custom is followed (ed. London : Bon-
ham Norton and John Bill, 1627.) And why can-
not this excellent old custom be restored at the
present time ?
FREDERICK GEORGE LEE, F.S.A.
Aberdeen, N.B.
[Our correspondent's copy seems to be an exception to
the general rule adopted by the royal printers. We have
consulted the following editions of The Book of Common
Prayer, all in black-letter, and find the words of conse-
cration invariably in the ordinary small type; viz.
3'* S. II. SEPT. 20, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
231
Edward VI. 1549 and 1552 ; Elizabeth, 1559 ; James I.
1604; Charles I. 1G37, commonly called "Laud's Book;"
and Charles II. 1662, the Sealed Boole.]
" A BRIEFE DESCRIPTION OF THE WHOLE WORLD,"
by George Abbot, late Archbishop of Canterbury.
I. In what year was the first edition of this work
published ? 2. Of the many editions of it, which
is the most accurate ? 3. When the author states
in p. 250 of the 5th edition, 1664, that, of those
who had written on ^the subject, ONE of some
special note, had interpreted the many islands and
great countries which King Arthur had under his
government to signify the northern parts of Ame-
rica, to what writer does he allude ? The first
edition that I have seen was dated 1608, but the
work appears to have been written, if not pub-
lished, in the reign of Queen Elizabeth.
LLAJLLAWG.
[Of this work, which, according to Anthony Wood>
was commonly called " Abbot's Geography," there have
been many editions, viz. 1599, 1600, 1C03, 1608, 1613,
1617 (the ninth), 1620, 1624, 1634, 1635, 1636, 1642,
. 1656, 1G64. See Bohn's edition of Lowndes's Manual.]
LITRE : DOYERCOURT. — In Sadler's French
Dictionary, " Litre" is translated thus—" a black
girdle with coats of arms round a church." What
does this allude to ?
Petaud — "La cour du Roi Petaud, Dover-
court." What is Dovercourt ? ALPHA.
[According to Cotgrave, Litre, in old French Littre,
was " a funerall girdle ; the blacke wherewith the upper
part of a church is compassed at the funerall of a great
person." This black girdle, which was placed either on
the inside of the church, or on the outside, had appended
or painted on it the arms of the defunct. (Bescherelle,
Du Cange.)
Petaud. Th3 proverb in full is, " C'cst la cour du roi
Petaud, chacun y est maitre." Sadler's explanation of
"La courdu roi Pe'taud"is "a place where every one
is master, Dover-court." Some explanation of Dover-
court is given by Halliwell : — " Dover-court. A village
in Essex, apparently celebrated for its scolds. Keeping
Dover-court, making a great noise. Tusser (p. 12) men-
tions a Dover-court beetle, i. e. one that could make a
loud noise." " Dover's-games. Annual sports held on
the Cotswold hills." Revived shortly after 1600 by Cap-
tain Dover.~\
ARMS OF WHITEHEAD. — Could you kindly give
me the arms borne by Richard. Whitehead, Esq.
of Claughton near Preston, who was High Sheriff
for Lancaster in 1759 ? J. W.
[The arms borne by the Whitehead family in the
northern parts of England are Az. a fesse arg. between
three fleurs-de-lis or.]
GRAND MASTERS OF THE TEUTONIC ORDER. —
Where is a list of the persons who have filled the
office of Grand Masters of the Teutonic Order
during the last 120 years to be found ? Caspar
von Ampringen is the last whose name appears in
my list. J. WOODWARD.
[We are enabled to add three more names to our cor-
respondent's list. The first two from Notice Histarique
stir Vuncienne Grande Commanderie des Chevaliers dc rOr~
dre Teutonique, Gand, 8vo, 1849.
" 46° Jeau-Gaspar <T Ampringen, elu en 1GG4, mort le
9 Septembre 1684.
" 47° Louis-Antoine, comte "palatin du Rhin, elu en
1685, mort le 4 Mai 1694.
'•48° Francois-Louis, comte palatin du Rhin, e'lu en
1694."
We are indebted to Zedler (vol. xlii. col. 1900) for the
third, who, after Francois-Louis, gives Clemens-Augus-
tus, born 1700, chosen 1732.]
JUDGE SAUNDERS. — Is there any biographical
account extant in print or MS. of the English
judge, Sir E. Saunders, who died in 1683, which
states from whom he was descended, or to what
family he belonged ? LLALLAWG.
[The parentage of Sir Edmund Saunders is unknown.
He was at first no better than a poor beggar boy, if not
some parish foundling, without known parents or rela-
tions. His favourite locality for soliciting alms was Cle-
ment's Inn, where a lawyer caused a desk to be fixed for
him on the top of a staircase, and gave him papers to
copy, till he acquired such an expertness as enabled him
to set up for himself. Most biographical dictionaries
contain some particulars of Sir Edmund. Consult also
North's Life of Lord Guildford, 4to, 1742 ; R. W. Bridg-
man's Short View of Legal Bibliography, 8vo, 1807 j and
European Magazine, Ivii. 338. ]
" LETTERS CONCERNING MYTHOLOGY, London
1748, 8vo." — Is the author known? It is a thick
volume containing much learning, which would be
acceptable if three-fourths of the verbiage and
clumsy familiarity adopted to make the letters
look like real correspondence, were struck out.
E.G.
[The work is by Dr. Thomas Blackwell, first Greek
professor, and afterwards Principal of the Marischal Col-
lege, Aberdeen. A second edition, or rather a new title-
page, appeared in 1757. His principal work was the
Memoirs of the Court of Augustus, Edinb. and London,
1753-63, 3 vols. 4to.]
KNATON, YORKSHIRE. — Is there a place of this
name in the county ? Dugdale, in his Visitation
(p. 81), mentions " William Watson of Knaton."
Now there was a family, Watson of Knapton.
2. 0.
[In Adams's Index Villaris, fol. 1700, Knaton is stated
to be in the hundred of Allerton, North Riding of York-
shire. In Lewis's Topog. Diet, it is spelt Knayton, a joint
township with Brawith, in the parish of Leak, four miles
north from Thirsk.]
BISHOP JUXON.
(3rd S. ii. 147.)
M. S. S., while inquiring of what family was the
well-known Bishop Juxon, proceeds to sketch a
history of the descendants of that brave, loyal,
and faithful prelate, and concludes by saying,
" So far the proofs of the extinction of this family
are clear enough;" but inasmuch as evidence
exists tending to establish the contrary as the
232
NOTES AND QUEKIES.
[3rd S. II. SEPT. 20, '62.
fact, and as M. S. S. does not adduce any authority
for, or corroboration of, his statements, I appre-
hend we may consider he forms his inference on
insufficient grounds, and with regard to this, I
will first relate as much of the case to which I
allude, as memory and information enable me ;
proceed to notice in M. S. S.'s account, the points
which appear open to contravention, and then
await further communication.
Some years ago I became acquainted with a
gentleman resident in Jamaica, whose ancestors
had been settled in that island since the time of
the Commonwealth, and one of whom had re-
ceived at the Restoration an extensive grant of
crown lands there. His name was Jackson, and
he was a clergyman, and formerly of Pembroke
College, Oxford, and he and his ancestors pos-
sessed large estates in the island. He claimed
to be descended from Archbishop Juxon, though
whether in the male or female line I forget ; but
at all events, the impression remains on my mind
that he clearly established his right to represent
that house, either deriving through male or fe-
male. He possessed two gold cups, heirlooms in
the family, the one of which was reputed to be
the identical vessel out of which the martyred
monarch of blessed memory received at the hands
of the pious bishop, the wine of the holy sacra-
ment; and tradition relates that Archbishop Juxon
owned a third cup, which now belongs either to
the see or to the Corporation of London ; and I
think that it was also added that the beakers had
been presented to the prelate either by the king
or by the corporation ; and among the family
pictures at Catherine Hall, Montego Bay (an
estate of the Jacksons) was one representing
Archbishop Juxon and Bishop Shepley, who also
was connected with the family. The arms borne
by the Rev. Mr. Jackson and his ancestors were
the same as those of the house of the same name
settled at Combhay, Devon, and in Cumberland ;
the crest, a horse, arg. courant guttee de sang on a
knight's helmet, and the younger sons had been
accustomed to bear the same crest, but a mitre in
lieu of the helmet. I noted these points, and
also the arms, inscriptions, and stamps on the
gold cups alluded to. So far as I could read the
device (no tinctures were visible), the one cup
bore Quarterly 1 and 4 a bend between a mullet
in chief, and an annulet in base ; 3rd and 4th on a
bend engr. 3 mullets (or cinquefoils) impaling on
the sinister sjde, a cross between 4 blackamoors'
heads couped at shoulder and wreathed about the
temples (Juxon.) This cup is large ; had a flat
lid (whereon the same arms are displayed), orna-
mented with an acorn as handle, and two handles
at the side. The other vessel is somewhat in
shape like a common drinking horn, bears a crest,
a blackamoor's head crowned with an eastern
crown, with earrings pendant from the ears, and
round the base is incribcd " The Gift of ye most
Reverend William Juxon, D.D., Lord Arch-
bishop of Canterbury, and Lord Treasurer of
England, dyed yc year 1663." Stamp on one of
the cups (but my notes do not state which), 1st.
a lion pass. ; 2nd, a lion's head affrontee, ducally
crowned ; 3rd, capital letter B ; and 4th, letter
(EP).
The points in M. S. S.'s communication open
to contravention are,' — his assertion that Richard
Juxon's (brother of Archbishop) line is extinct,
both male and female, and his statement that the
Archbishop's daughter predeceased him.
May I ask M. S. S. to inform me on what
authority he assumes Richard Juxon had two
sons ; and why he imagines both of these sons'
descendants are extinct ; how he knows the
Archbishop had a daughter, and why he thinks
she predeceased her father issueless ?
I am a very old reader of, and an occasional
contributor to, " N. & Q.," and am very much
interested in it and its success, and I regret to
notice that lately a tendency has been exhibited
to admit biographical and genealogical notes where
the writer has omitted to record his authority for
his statements and proofs of each link, and also
hap-hazard assertions similar to those made by
M. S. S. I apprehend that the mission of the
note portion of the publication is the correction
of generally-received errors ; the rescuing from
oblivion facts not known, and discovered by the
contributors ; and therefore that instead of state-
ments which may possibly be erroneous being
embalmed in its columns, proof should be required
of every link in a pedigree, and of every assertion
made. I will take one instance which particularly
struck me ; I allude to the contrast between MB.
HEWETT'S Notes on Dr. John Hewett (2nd S. viii.
391), a contribution on the same subject (2n<l S.
viii. 45), and MR. CL. HOPPER'S biography of that
divine (2nd S. xii. 409.) It may be observed that
in the two first communications no assertion is
made without the authority and source of in-
formation being scrupulously given, while in the
last no references whatever are afforded, thus ren-
dering comparatively worthless an article that
would be otherwise invaluable, but is, confessedly,
as it stands, highly interesting. I do not for a
moment mean to convey an idea that the article
is not authentic, but without references it is
more adapted for a magazine than for the pages
of « N. & Q." CJEDO ILLUD.
I shall be glad if the following notes may be of use
to your correspondent M. S. S. The Archbishop
was a Merchant Taylor, and therefore it is probable
that some, at least, of those mentioned below were
members of his family. The Archbishop was
grandson of John Juxon of London. One of this
name was a member of the Merchant Taylors'
3'* S. II. SEPT. 20, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
233
Company, and by his will, dated August 17, 1626,
bequeathed several sums of money for the pay-
ment of certain lectureships in the city of London;
or, failing these, to found exhibitions at Oxford
and Cambridge, for the benefit of Merchant Tay-
lors' school. Possibly this John Juxon was the
archbishop's grandfather. Others of the name at
the same school were
Rowland Juxon, elected Fellow of St. John's,
Oxford, 1601 (three years after the Archbishop),
M.A. 1608. Rector of Radnige, Berks.
John Juxon, born Feb. 10, 1609.
Rowland Juxon, born Dec. 24, 1608.
Thomas Juxon, born June 24, 1614.
George Juxon, born Sept., 1661.
Walter Juxon, born Sept., 1663.
Charles Juxon, born 1666, and
Thomas Juxon, who became B.A. of Queen's
College, Cambridge, 1623.
In Dugard's Register of the School, mention is
also made (anno 1645) of Samuel Juxon, third
son of Thomas Juxon, gent., born March 4, 1635,
and baptized at St. Giles's, Cripplcgate, London.
I extracted the following some time ago : —
" Married, at St. Giles's-in-the-Fields, London, 25 June,
1680, John Juxon, of St. Michael, Queenhithe, and Mary
Parker of St. Martin's-le-Grand."
See also Burke's Landed Gentry, vol. i. p. 691
(edition 1862) : —
"John Fred. N. Hewett, married Elizabeth La Motte,
daughter of the Rev. S. J. Jackson of Ayton St. David's,
Jamaica, representative of the family of the loyal Bishop
Juxon."
C. J. R.
From the following graphic statement, ex-
tracted from a recent volume, The History of
West Street Episcopal Chapel, London, by the
Rev. R. W. Dibdin, the family of Bishop Juxon
would appear to be not extinct. Speaking of the
year 1860, the good and holy-minded author re-
cords a conversation and its results : —
" A poor man, a shoemaker, with an invalid wife,
came, as he often did, to me in the vestry for some
coals. He told me that if he worked hard, and had a
good week, he could earn eight shillings. The wholesale
dealer paid him ten pence for a pair of ladies' boots. I
said it was a pity he could not keep a shop himself, or
otherwise get more money for so much labour. It was
sad to see a pious man coming, week after week, for
years together, for relief from the church, when his
labour entitled him to enough for his wants. ' Now,'
said I, ' could you not manage to do this, if I helped you
with a sum of money ? '
" W. — Why, sir, I could, if I lived in a more genteel
situation.
" 1. — Genteel ! what, in Belgravia?
" W. — No, Sir; but if I could get a. front parlour, in-
stead of two pairs back.
" /.— In Seven Dials ?
" W. — Wh}', yes, Sir; or better, in St. Ann's — that's
very respectable.
" I- — Well, if that is genteel enough, we can manage
it. Now, you have often told me that your mother was
named Juxon, and was the last of the family of Bishop
Juxon, who attended Charles I. on the scaffold. Now,
do this — write a statement of your case, and mention
that you are the last of the Juxons, and let me have it.
« w.— How shall I do it, Sir?
" 1.— Write a letter.
« IT.— To whom, Sir?
" /. — To me, of course.
« fr._\Vell, Sir, I will try.
" The next day he appeared with a letter addressed to
the Archbishop of Canterbury! — 'Why W !' 1 ex-
claimed ; ' what's this ? '
" IF.— The letter, sir.
" /. — What could induce you to write to the Arch-
bishop? I am. quite astonished! You don't suppose I
can take this to so great a man as he?
" W. — Well, / was astonished. But I thought you
said so !
" /.—I ! — I never mentioned his name.'
" The only way I can account for this strange blunder
is, that while we conversed, we stood before the tire-
place; and a portrait of the Archbishop hangs over the
fire-place. Possibly I may unconsciously have pointed to
it, and in his gratitude and confusion (for I had spoken
of getting 8/. or 10/. for him), he may have misunder-
stood me ; for he said in some excitement, ' Ten pounds !
I never had such a sum in my life.' — ' Well,' said I,
' leave the letter and go.' It struck me that it might
be a providential leading. So, knowing the thoroughly
amiable disposition of the primate, I went next day to
Addington, and found him alone. He received me courte-
ously (as he always has). I told him my errand. He
laughed at the mistake, and saying that he had two or
three similar applications every day of his life, gene-
rously gave me '21. to head my list. I soon got all I
wanted. R. C. L. Bevan, Esq., gave me 21. ; and the
poor man was, to use his own expression, now made
' quite a gentleman.' Over his mantlepiece are the
portraits of his great ancestor, Bishop Juxon, and op-
posite (in more respects than one) that of his ' great
benefactor,' as he calls the Archbishop."
EDWABD F. RIMBAULT.
ROOD LOFTS.
(3rd.S. ii. 126, 177.)
Rood lofts were not made exactly for the re-
ception of images, excepting the large crucifix,
and the figures of the B. V. Mary and John,
which always stood upon them ; but were intended
for several purposes connected with the ancient
Catholic services. Certain devotions were per-
formed upon them, hymns and psalms were
chanted, and announcements made from them,
and they were lighted up and ornamented on cer-
tain festivals. The staircases leading to them
were frequently constructed outside of the church,
but oftener inside. Many of these still remain,
more or less perfect, in Norfolk churches : as in
those of Little Melton, Barford, Babur, Catfield,
Horsey, Ingham, Ludham, and Stalham. At
Little Witchingham the staircase is outside ; and
at Coston it is very ingeniously contrived, being
entered through a lancet doorway in the thick
chancel arch on the north side.
234
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3-* S. II. SEPT. 20, '62.
There are also many rood lofts partially re-
maining in Norfolk, and some still perfect, and
well preserved; particularly those at Worstead
and Breccles. But a few years ago, a very beau-
tiful specimen of a rood loft remained in the
church at Babur ; but it was removed by some
ruthless Vandal; and as no account of its fate
could be gathered, I fear it was sold and broken
up as old lumber. Fragments of rood lofts re-
main at Barton Turf and Kainham, a bracket of
one is seen at East liudham, and a beam at
Tunstead.
In the fine church at Attleborough, the rood-
screen has been removed, and set up at the west end.
It is of unusual extent, and fills up nearly all the
west wall. The arched and canopied support for
the rood loft still remains, and along it are shields
with the arms of the bishoprics of England and
Wales. This noble screen was covered with paint-
ings of saints and sacred devices, of which but a
few are left, and those very faint. The saints
still visible are SS. John Baptist, Edward K. C.,
John, Apostle, Bartholomew, and Thomas of Can-
terbury; the last wearing a long pallium, with
many black crosses upon it. There is also a re-
presentation of the B. Trinity, and two curious
crosses, with Latin inscriptions partly effaced by
decay. The following fragments remaining of
these inscriptions are worth preserving. About
one of the crosses may still be read these words : —
" Blessed arc they y* are . . . unto thejambes hymen."
" Spus . . . ." " Quanta pertulit pro peccis nostris Chris-
tus . . . bis salus."
" Tibi Adam sepultus,
Tibi Christus crucifixus."
Above, at the sides, and underneath the other
cross, are the following fragments of sentences : —
" I will come in unto him and will suppe with him, and
be with me."
". . . . _ . . gloria."
" Quanta pertulit pro peccis nostris." " Si compateris
coronaberis." "Quo di M* ntero eodem
Christus sepultus."
I have been led away by the extraordinary
character of this fine old screen from the proper
subject of rood lofts ; but I cannot think that the
above notice will be unacceptable to ecclesiolo-
gists. I will only add, that I believe the earliest
wooden rood-screen is at Stanton Harcourt, Ox-
fordshire : it is of the thirteenth century.
F. C. H.
Your correspondent W. H. H. will find about
fifty examples of rood-screens in our old churches
in the north-east part of Norfolk, and for the
most part of great beauty. Several are mentioned
in the Norfolk Archaeology ; but there is not, I
think, any complete list of the existing remains.
The stairs leading to the rood loft may still be
seen in a few churches. F. PBOCTBB.
There is a fine and nearly perfect rood-screen,
in the parish church of Shelsley Walsh, situated
near Worcester, in the vale of Teme. It is richly
ornamented with carving of bunches of grapes
and the Tudor flower; a skreen of similar pattern
extends round an adjoining pew. Until recently,
the royal arms of a very early pattern were fixed
in the place formerly occupied by the rood : but
have been removed in the recent restoration of
the church.
The church, which was founded in the thirteenth
century by Sir Henry le Waleys, Knt., is early
English in style, and rich in encaustic tiles ; but
the skreen must have been erected at a much
later period. T. E. WIHNINQTON.
In Weever's Funeral Monuments (p. 117), I
find the following lines, which were often inscribed
underneath the rood : —
" Effigiem Christ!, dum transis, semper lionora,
Non tamen clligiem, sed quern designat, adora ;
Nam Deus est quod imago docet, sed non Deus ipsa:
Uanc videas, et mente colas quod cernis in ilia,"
W. I. S. II.
ORIGIN OF THE WORD SUPERSTITION.
(Continued from 3rd S. i. 393.)
The remarks and objections of your corre-
spondent (3rd S. i. 476) scarcely require or ad-
mit of a reply; for when people see the same things
with different eyes, and form different inferences
from the same facts, it is nearly as vain to argue
as in a matter of taste. Thus, whether the deri-
vation recorded by Cicero be true or not, if any
man after reading the whole passage in the De
Natura Deorum (lib. ii. 28) comes to the conclu-
sion that it is a " conjectural etymology " fabri-
cated by Cicero — why there is an end of the
matter. Again, Cicero speaks of an obscure prac-
tice which obtained at a remote period with some
few fanatics among his Ancestors ; but your cor-
respondent denies that such 'a practice or such
persons ever existed save in Cicero's imagination ;
" and the proof is, that Superstitio is never used
in this sense by any Latin author." Whether
this be " proof" — when we consider that extant
Latin literature scarce reaches back 200 years
before Cicero's time, and that, throughout this
early period, it is very scanty and fragmentary —
I leave to others to decide.
It cannot fail to strike most men that Cicero
mentions the derivation of the word Superstition
not as a conjecture of his own, or of any other
persons, but, with undoubting faith, as an undis-
puted fact. It is observable, moreover, that he
brings it forward, not prominently and for its own
sake, but by the way, as furnishing an incidental
proof of his position, that the ancients have
always drawn a line between true and false Reli-
3rd S. II. SEPT. 20, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
235
gion. That the Superstitiosi were thus marked
out by a name descriptive of their peculiar prac-
tice, shows that the practice itself was looked
upon as a singularity and innovation not counte-
nanced by the majority of the old Romans. That
tkis should have been so, seems strange, as the
practice in question appears to have been but
the natural and logical result of the sacrifices for
the Manes, which were considered orthodox, and
of which Cicero himself thus speaks (De Legibus,
ii. 21) :
" I now como to the Rites of the Manes, or Ghosts of
the. Dead — which our Ancestors most wisely instituted,
and most religiously observed. They therefore ordained
that the people should sacrifice for the Ghosts of the
Dead, in the month of February, then the last month in
the year by the ecclesiastical calendar."
Ancient Eastern literature throws some light
upon the probable connection between the two.
In one of the most esteemed of the ancient Indian
Dramas, Sacontald, or the Fatal Ring — written in
Sanscrit by Calidas, who, like Cicero, " flourished"
in the century preceding the Christian era, — the
hero of the piece, Dushmanta Emperor of India,
sorrowfully exclaims : —
" Oh ! how great a misfortune is it to die childless !
Ah me ! the Departed Souls of my Ancestors, who claim
a share in the funeral cake, which I have no son to offer,
are apprehensive of losing their due honour, when Dush-
manta shall be no more upon earth : — who then, alas,
will perform in our family those obsequies which the
Veda prescribes ? — My Forefathers must drink instead of
a pure libation, this flood of tears, the only offering which
a man who dies childless can make them." *
Again, in the Bhagavad-Gitd, which was pro-
bably written in the same century, occurs the
following passage : —
" Confusion "of Caste is a gate to hell, both for the
destroyers of the tribe and for the tribe itself. For their
fathers are deprived of the rites of funeral-cakes and
libations of water, and thus fall from Heaven." — Chap. I.
Mr. Thomson appends the following note to
this passage in his valuable English version of the
Shagavad- Gitd :
" The present is one of those deplorable perversions of
common sense which make the happiness, and even Sal-
vation of the Dead, depend on the practice of the living,
and which are found in many churches where the hie-
rarchy have had recourse even to menaces, to enforce
their injunctions on an ignorant and superstitious popu-
lace. For a full account of the ceremonies here alluded
to, we must refer the reader to Colebrooke's Essays, vol. i.
p. 187, &c., and vol. ii. p. 363 ; and to the Asiatic Re-
searches, vol. vii. p. 245. It is only necessary here to state
that the Shniddha was a Funeral Ceremony performed
at different periods by the nearest relatives of the de-
ceased, and for fathers, grandfathers, and great-grand-
fathers. It consisted in offering libations of pure water,
and of Pindas (balls of meat or rice mixed with curds).
The latter were offered for dead relatives generally, once
a month in the new moon ; or for one who had just died,
during the ten days of mourning, one on the first, two on
* Sacontala. (Trans, by Sir W. Jones.) Lond. 1790.
4to, pp. 79—80.
the second, three on the third day, and so on. The former
were included in the daily duties of the householder. The
neglect of their performance would cause the Dead to quit
their residence in Heaven, and be precipitated into Naraka.
See Manu, iii. 120—280; and Yajnavalkya, i. 217—225,
and 249—257." *
Another note on the same passage, by Dr.
Wilkins, is worth quoting : —
" The Hindoos are enjoined by the Veds to offer a cake,
which is called Peenda, to the Ghosts'of their Ancestors,
as far back as the third generation. This ceremony is
performed on the day of the new moon in every month.
The offering of water is in like manner commanded to be
performed daily : and this ceremony is called Tarpan, to
satisfy, to appease. The Souls of such Men as have left
Children to continue their generation are supposed to be
transported, immediately upon quitting their bodies, into
a certain region called the Peetree Log, when they may
continue in proportion to their former virtues, provided
these ceremonies be not neglected; otherwise they are
precipitated into Nark, and doomed to be born again in
the bodies of unclean beasts, until, by repeated regene-
rations, all their sins are done awaj', and they attain such
a degree of perfection as will entitle them to what is
called Moohtee, eternal salvation, by which is understood
a release from future transmigration, and an absorption
into the nature of the godhead, who is called Brahm."f
ElEIOHNACH.
DE COSTA, THE WATERLOO GUIDE.
(3rdS. ii. 7, 51,108, 156.)
Presuming that F. C. H. is desirous of eliciting
the truth as far as possible, permit me to confirm
my previous communication in your columns, and
to refer to the two letters in " N. & Q." 3rd S. ii.
156, from two different correspondents, tending to
opposite conclusions. May I ask S. T. P. if there
are any means of ascertaining the name of the
blacksmith, fellow-inhabitant of Belle Alliance,
who it is alleged was hiding with De Costa ten
miles away from the field during the whole day of
the battle of Waterloo ?
It is my impression (which I will endeavour
to verify the first opportunity) that Belle Alliance,
a little hamlet of scarce half-a-dozen houses, if so
many, does not possess a blacksmith, its only
tradesman being the keeper of the public-house
where it has been said (rightly or wrongly) that
Wellington and Blucher met.
MR. JOHN MACBAY quotes Victor Hugo's au-
thority that this peasant was " hostile," and pro-
bably "perfide " in one particular. This accords
with what I have heard asserted on the spot as
to his being " perfide " in another particular, viz.,
that, on being questioned, he deceived Napoleon
* The Bhagavad- Gitd ; or, A Discourse between Krishna
and Arjuna on Divine Matters. A Sanskrit Philosophical
Poem : Translated with Copious Notes, an Introduction
to Sanskrit Philosophy, and other matter. By J. Cock-
burn Thomson. Hertford. 1855.
t Bhagvat-Gheeta, translated by Charles Wilkins,
LL.D. Lond. 1785. 4to.
236
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. SEPT. 20, '62.
by saying that the orchard of Hougoumont was not
surrounded by any wall. This misrepresentation
caused the emperor to imagine that the line of
reddish brickwork indistinctly seen in that direc-
tion through the rainy atmosphere and occasional
smoke was a line of red-coated British infantry,
and that his battalions and artillery appointed to
that duty would meet no obstacle in advancing
to sweep away those defenders of the chateau.
Who was really the countryman detained at
Napoleon's side the day of the battle P Ask the
question of any inhabitant of the district, and
the unvarying reply is " Jean de Costa." If he
was not Jean de Costa, who was he ? No rival
ever started up to dispute with De Costa his title
to his gains. If De Costa was an impostor, did
the real guide and his connections keep . silence
for the nine years of De Costa's life and ever
since, and never advance their just claim to earn-
ings which they saw pass entirely from them for
want of a word ? And are we to conclude that
the dwellers Jin Mont St. Jean, Braine 1'Alleud,
Belle Alliance, Plancenoit, and Maison du lloi,
all conspired to uphold a series of lies put forth
by one of their number for his exclusive indi-
vidual benefit, the special market thus created
for this man's services being just so much loss of
employment to the others ?
We might understand their motive for abetting
a falsehood that would help to put a share of
undeserved profit into their pockets, but we can-
not understand what motive they could have for
abetting a falsehood that would help to deprive
them of a share of legitimate gain.
The supposition of the blacksmith's silence
being remunerated by the false guide would not
account for the silence of the true guide, or for
the positive and consistent statements made by
every resident between Waterloo and Genappe.
The officers in authority about the person of
Napoleon had actual knowledge of the guide's
name, and testimony borne by, or derived from
them, whether direct or incidental, ought, I think,
to be conclusive. The fact of information being
arrived at orally, among peasants, easily explains
slight variations in ; spelling, when names are
committed to writing by different persons under
different circumstances.
In my first communication I inadvertently
spoke of Belle Alliance as a village. It is only
a very small hamlet of one of the adjoining vil-
lages; just as Quatre Bras is a hamlet of the
village of Baisy. J. S. NOLDWBITT, Hon. Sec.
Walworth Literary and Scientific Institution.
NATIONAL ANTHEMS (3rd S. ii. 148.)— W. H.
TILLSTT will find, in the Book Catalogue just
issued by Mr. C. Lonsdale of 26, Old Bond Street,
two works on this subject, numbered 1423 and
1455. W. I. S. H.
" Langton said very
uld repeat Johnson's
could
SERPENTS lit (3rJ S. ii. 167.) — The only
instance I have ever seen of this illustration (and,
doubtless, it is the great original whence all the
others have come), is in BoswelCs Johnson (vol. iii.
p. 300, ed. 1799), under ret. 69 (1778) : -
well to me afterwards, that Be
conversation before dinner, as
Johnson had said that he could repeat a complete chapter
of The Natural Hittory of Iceland from the Danish of
Horrebow, the whole of which was exactly thus : —
' Chap. Ixxii. Concerning Snakes. There are no snakes to
be met with throughout the whole island.' "
EsTE.
The curious chapter about which FITZ- HOP-
KIN'S inquires is the 72nd of N. Horrebow'a
Natural History of Iceland, printed at Copenhagen
in 1752; and of which a translation, in folio, was
published in London in 1758.
DELVES BROUGHTON.
Stnatm (3rd S. ii. 127.) — The Turkish word
suren, signifies " attack," " assault."
R. S. CHARNOCK.
CONGLETON BlBLB AND BEAR (3rd S. ii. 166.) —
The following extract may throw some light on
this question, and will also serve to show that the
irreverent tradition is not confined to Congle-
ton: —
" According to tradition, the churchwardens of Eccles-
field (though some shift the scene to Bradfield), on one
occasion gave a practical answer to Hudibrai question —
' What relation has debating
Of church affairs with bear-baiting ? ' "
•The profane myth says: —
" That ways and means of the usual kind being awant-
ing for the procuration of the usual annual bait at the
feast, the churchwardens pawned the Bible from the
sacred desk in order to obtain the means of enjoying
their immemorial sport." — Eastwood's History oflScclei-
field, p. 354.
J. H. G.
The same legend attaches to Clifton, a village
near Rugby, in the following couplet : —
" Clifton-upon-Dunsmore, in Warwickshire,
Sold the Church Bible to buy a bear."
E. M.
THE EARTH A LIVING CREATURE (3rd S. ii. 125,
176.) — I find in my Common Place Book the
following extract, but cannot recollect whence it is
taken. It takes up the idea previously noted,
that the earth is a living organism, and illustrates
the same rather quaintly : —
"All living creatures have parasitical companions;
and this is not confined to the animal world, for plants
have also parasites. Indeed, while man himself is the
victim of Cuvier's third order of insects, is he not himself
a parasite of another kind, if the notion that the earth
itself is a living thing be true, as some have argued ? "
JAMES J. LAMB.
Underwood Cottage, Paisley.
ne
elf
th
3rd S. II. SEPT. 20, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
237
CHESTNUT TIMBER (2lld S. xi. 430.) — MR.
HORNE'S questions may have been answered in
vol. xii. (I have it not at hand to see), but if not,
I would refer him to a paper on the subject, read
June 14, 1858, before the Royal Institute of
British Architects, by Mr. Wyatt Papworth, and
published in the Transactions of that body. He
has collected, perhaps, all that has been said on
the subject ; and proves (?) that chestnut timber
was not used in buildings. The paper, I believe,
was also printed in the Builder of the same period.
W.P.
" To COTTON TO" (3rd S. ii. 10, 75, 174.) — I
have long thought this word "cotton" derived
from coire, and I am somewhat confirmed in my
supposition by the information that the noun is
used in the sense of coifus or coitio. I find the
word " to cotton," in Ainsworth's Latin Dictionary,
" agree well together," so whatever its origin, it is
not of recent introduction. B. H. C.
SLAVERY (3rd S. ii. 114.) — MR. BUCKTON
quotes, in his note, the Syriac version of the Re-
velation, which he calls the Philoxenian. I should
feel obliged to that gentleman if he would state
the authority for calling it the Philoxenian. He
also quotes four Syriac words which your printer
has not printed quite correctly. They should be
1
i ->>
What is most important is MR. BUCKTON'S blunder
in translating the words " [cargo] of living human
beings." The word p ***£ is not grammatically
connected with the words which follow ; if it is, it
is in apposition. In the next place the words
which remain, signify " bodies and souls of men,"
and nothing else ; nor has MR. BUCKTON the
shadow of a right to say they mean " a cargo of
living human beings." This is a gross, and yet,
no doubt, unintentional, misrepresentation of the
Syriac, repeated probably from Walton's Polyglott,
where the words are rendered onus .... corporum
et animarum hominum, the identical version of
MR. BUCKTON. The same mistake occurs in
Schaaf 's edition, but any one who understands the
language will see at a glance that the words have
not the sign or form of the genitive. The Syriac
text has a double construction partly as the Greek.
But here, for KO! OW/U^TCOJ', Kal tyvxas avOp^-iroiv, it
simply has, et corpora et animus hominum : no man
buys the cargo which comprises or consists of the
bodies and souls of men. The Syriac version
leaves us just where we were before. B. H. C.
MEETING OF WELLINGTON AND BLUCHER AT
WATERLOO (3rd S. ii. 167.) — This is popularly be-
lieved to have taken place near the farm-house of
La Belle Alliance, a name evidently too significant
to be lost sight of. The story is disposed of in a
letter from the Duke to Mr. Mudford, at page 332
of the concluding volume of The Wellington Dis-
patches, wherein his Grace, alluding to the above,
and other misstatements regarding his last battle,
observes, —
" Of these a remarkable instance is to be found in the
report of a meeting between Marshal Blucher and me at
La Belle Alliance ; and some have gone so far as to have
seen the chair on which I sat down in that farm-house.
It happens that the meeting took place after ten at night',
at the village of Genappe ; and anybody who attempts to
describe with truth the operations of the different armies
will see that it could not be otherwise. In truth, I was
not off my horse till I returned to Waterloo, between
eleven and twelve at night."
THOMAS CARTER.
COSTER FESTIVAL AT HAARLEM (2nd S. xii.
417, ETC.) — In the autumn of 1852 I saw at
Bordeaux a play in which Coster was represented
as the inventor of printing, and Faust and Gut-
temberg as his workmen. Satan and the Em-
peror of Austria were prominent characters, and
Aspasia was revived, as Helen, in the second part
of Faust. There were some good situations and
strong writing. Being tired with travelling, I
did not give so much attention to the piece as I
think it deserved ; but shall now be obliged to
any of your readers who can tell me its name,
and whether it has been printed. M. E.
CAM-SHEDDING (3rd S. ii. 165.) — The deriva-
tion of the latter part of this word is clearly
from the A.-S. Scea-dan, to separate, or divide,
from which comes also the " wnter-shed " of
modern geography ; the former part, " Cam," ia
identical with a word used in East Yorkshire,
and probably elsewhere, for a mound of earth, a
bank boundary to a field ; but in its more usual
meanings the word always contains the idea of
crookedness, and a connection between it and
Kd/j.irTct>, to bend, has been suggested, I think, by
Skinner. J. EASTWOOD.
Hope Parsonage, Stoke on Trent.
I suspect that the proper spelling is Camp-
Shading, and that the derivation is from two
German words, kampf and shaden, signifying in-
jury or damage from conflict with the waters,
from which the wooden casing is a protection.
F. C. H.
Sheet-piling may be named cam- or comb-shed-
ding from its sloping and bulged form. Cambered
is the term used for the deck or keel of a ship
when they are higher in the middle of the length
than towards stem and stern, as when a ship is
broken backed. Cam, or Kam, in Dr. Hyde
Clarke's Dictionary, means crooked, awry. In
French cambrer means to vault, to bend, and se
cambrer, to warp. I therefore conceive that
cambrer is the origin of cam or camb. In the Il-
lustrated News of August 23, the woodcut of the
Boulogne dock works shows this sheet-piling or
camb-shedding. T. J. BUCKTON.
Lichfield.
238
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. SEPT. 20, '62.
GREAT SCIENTIFIC TEACHER (3rd S. ii. 104,
138, 174.) — n N, with good will to expose the
mistakes of M. Corate, has strangely travestied
his views. Either jour correspondent's statement
that he has made " an attentive perusal of the
works of M. Comte" is an error, or that other
(for instance) — which is ridiculous from its dia-
metrical incorrectness, — that M. Comte " pro-
fesses metaphysics," is a misprint.
I forbear making obvious remarks upon the
other erroneous statements of fl N, controversy
being scarcely either Note or Query. But gra-
tuitous incorrect interpretation of opinion is still
less so, and I trust will not pass into record in
" N. & Q." without this remonstrance. J. P.
PHARAOH'S STEAM- VESSELS (3rd S. ii. 78, 118.)
Some Irish clergyman officiating in England (I
believe named Stevenson) has published a Com-
mentary on the Eighteenth Chapter of Isaiah,
wherein he displays a fuller acquaintance with
the Hebrew language than with the canons of a
sound criticism. He finds English fleets and steam
vessels in " the land shadowing with wings," and
in the " vessels of bulrushes on the waters,"
verses 1,2. I have read the volume, but as it
was some time ago, cannot be certain of the
author's name. It is of no critical value, and
belongs to the school which has found a prophecy
of railways in Isaiah xl. 4, " Every valley shall
be exalted, and every mountain and hill shall be
made low, and the crooked shall be made straight,
and the rough places plain."
From the North British Review of August 1 862,
it is evident that Dr. John Gumming, of London,
holds the steam-vessel view. Talking of the cele-
brated Irving the Review says (p. Ill) : —
" Irving was a very different man from Dr. John
Camming; yet essentiallj' his prophetic system is as
meagre as that of the man who turns ' vessels (or cups)
of bulrushes ' into screw.'and paddle steam-ships ; only in
Irving's case it is with sorrowing pity that we witness
the blind j-et mighty groping of a great and noble man."
This is merely suggested to W. D. as
A CLEW.
AHCHIBPISCOPAL MITRES (3rd S. ii. 137.) — In
one of the stained glass windows in the south side
of the chancel of Bristol Cathedral is the figure of
an archbishop, wearing a mitre of peculiar shape,
which rises from a ducal coronet. This is the only
ancient authority that I have met with for the
modern custom of adorning the mitre of an arch-
bishop with a ducal coronet, as in olden times the
mitre of an archbishop did not differ in shape
from that of a bishop. As, however, mitres have
ceased to be worn in the English church, the
modern practice seems a very convenient form of
heraldically denoting the difference in degree be-
tween a bishop and an archbishop.
The Bishop of Durham being also a prince
palatine appears always to have used the coro-
netted mitre on seals, &c. Query, Did he so
wear it ?
In "N. & Q." (lrt S. ix. 384), J. A. PN. will
find authority for the statement made by me in
" N. & Q." (2D<1 S. ix. 188), that the tiara of a
patriarch is decorated with two coronets encir-
cling it. J. WOODWARD.
New Shoreham.
AMERICAN TOKENS (3rd S. ii. 184.) — I beg to
add descriptions of seven, selected from a large
collection of copper coins and tokens in my pos-
session : —
Canadian Token*, Sfc.
1. Ob. A hunter with bow and arrow, and a dog:
" Star and Hannou, Halifax." Ex.1815. Rev. Ship in
full sail. Halfpenny token, Nova Scotia.
2. Ob. An ass statant: "The Constitution as I under-
stand it" — "Roman firmness." Rev. The bust of a sol-
dier, with a sword in one hand and a bag in the other,
appearing out of an iron-bound chest: "I take the re-
sponsibility."
3. Ob. An ass courant : " I follow in the footsteps of
my illustrious predecessor." Rtv. A tortoise supporting
a money chest on its back : " Executive Experiment,
1833, Fiscal."
4. Ob. A man threshing: "Xo labour: no bread."
Rev. A man ploughing with two oxen: "Speed the
plough." Halfpenny token.
5. Ob. The head of an officer? "Victoria nobis est."
Rev. Britannia : " Halfpenny token."
6. Ob. "Self Government and Free Trade." Rev.
" Prince Edward's Island, 1855."
7. Ob. A bishop's mitred head, crosier : " Cronbane
Halfpenny." Rev. A. coat of arms (defaced). Crett.
A draw well, 1789. ;
SPAL.
AN OLD POCKET DIAL (3rd S. ii. 185.)— I well
remember the pocket ring-dials, such as the one
described by MR. COUCH ; and I believe I had
one of my own more than fifty years ago. Another
ingenious pocket dial was sold by one T. Clarke ;
and one of these I have had nearly the above
length of time. It is merely a card with a small
plummet hanging by a .thread, and a gnomon,
which lies flat on the card, but, when lifted up,
casts the shadow to indicate the hour of the day.
This ingenious card shows not only the time of
day, but also the hours of sunrise and sunset.
F. C. H.
INSCRIPTION : SHAKESPEARE'S TOMB (3rd S. ii.
164.) — These doggerel lines are probably more
commonly used than is generally supposed. In
the nave of Solthull Church there is a slab and a
brass plate with this inscription : —
" This stone is not placed here to perpetuate the Me-
mory of the Person interred beneath it, but to preserve
her ashes sacred from violation : Therefore,
" Good Friend for Jesu's snke forbear
To dig the Dust inclosed here ! 174G."
Does the Shakespeare slab contain the oldest
known copy of the lines ? Nobody probably be-
3'd.S. II. SEPT. 20, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
239
lieves that Shakespeare wrote them ; but he may
have wished his bones to be protected from re-
moval to the common charnel house, by such
homely lines as the humblest could read and un-
derstand. ESTE.
Birmingham.
FAUSTUS, BISHOP or RIEZ (3rd S. ii. 169.) —
Faustus of Riez was first Abbot of Lerins, and
succeeded St. Maximus in the Bishopric of Riez
about the year 460. He is generally understood
to have been born in Britain. By a Council, held
probably at Aries, he was charged to write against
certain errors of a priest, named Lucidus, on the
subject of predestination. This he did by two
books addressed to Leontius, Bishop of Aries ;
but in these he fell into the opposite error, advo-
cating Semi-Pelagianism. His writings were cen-
sured in a Council at Rome held by Pope Gela-
sius in 494. Semi-Pelagianism, however, was not
definitively condemned by the Church till the
second Council of Orleans in 529. Hence many
Catholics were unsuspectingly drawn into it. As
to Faustus, he is not generally considered a saint ;
but as he is honoured as such in his own church
at Riez, it is probable that he retracted his error
before his death, which happened about the year
493. His chief work is his Treatise on Free Will
and Grace. F. C. H.
BEN WILSON, THE CARICATURIST (3rd S. i.
468.) — To the statement in answer to the ques-
tion, " Who was Ben Wilson, the Caricaturist ? "
given in your paper, may be added that it is be-
lieved he was the father of Sir Robert Wilson of
renown. That if so, he left his widow with three
sons and two daughters, who continued to live in
Great Russell Street, until the widow died in
1789. The sons were Major, Robert, Edward;
the daughters, Frances and Jane. They became
wards in Chancery ; each having a moderate for-
tune left by their father, and which, tbey being
all minors, accumulated considerably. J. B.
DUDLEY OF WESTMORELAND (3rd S. ii. 166.) —
I have much pleasure in informing H. S. G., that
the book from which I quoted, viz. The Sutton-
Dudleys of England, may be obtained from Mr.
John Russell Smith, of 36, Soho Square.
ALFRED B. ADLARD.
Islington.
TRAVERS FAMILY (3rd S. i. 378.)— [Sir J. Ber-
nard Burke, among other memoranda, kindly sent
me the following (relating to the Horton branch
of this family in Cheshire), which he has extracted
from a Record in the Ulster Office : —
" . . . . 1647. Confirmation of Crest and Motto by
Roberts, Ulster : On a coronet an arm armed, hand hold-
ing a sword gules. Motto. ' Vulnera mihi vis.' "
Could any of your readers tell me if an older
crest or motto of this family is known? They
were descended from the family of Travers of
Nateby, in Lancashire, who settled there temp.
Conquest. I should also be much obliged for any
other cotes concerning this house, either privately
or through your columns. SIDNEY YOUNG.
4, Martin's Lane, E.G.
OSGOOD FAMILY (3rd S. ii. 67.) — Besides the
branches of the Osgood family mentioned by O.,
there was a family of that name settled at Fulham,
co. Middlesex, bearing for arms, as registered in
the Heralds' College: Vert, 3 garbs within a
double trefoure flory, counter-flory, or.
Elizabeth Osgood, the daughter and heiress of
Richard Osgood, Esq., of Fulham, married, in
1764, Thomas Northmore, Esq., of Cleve House,
near Exeter, Devon (vide Burke's L. G., edit.
1858) ; and their direct descendant is the present
proprietor of that estate. Mrs. Northmore, as
well as her father, Rich. Osgood, Esq., are buried
in Fulham church. I believe there was also a
William Osgood, who died in 182-, Chief Justice
of Quebec. J. N.
SLIPS AND OMISSIONS (3rd S. ii. 161, 180.) —
Davies Gilbert (p. 166) was more nearly patron
than schoolfellow to Davy, than whom he was
thirteen years older. Davy never knew Gilbert
till after he had left school. Bishop Blomfield,
when he resigned his see, did not take on a second
o. Among words from proper names are omitted
Brougham, Stanhope, Tilbury, Petersham. Ought
not Hackney to be there, and Dennet ? M.
OLD JOKES (3rd S. ii. 185.) — FITZHOPKINS'S
communication immediately reminded me of my
album, where I find the following version of the
story, which was transplanted into its pages dr.
1835 : —
ON THE WORD "NOTHING."
" ' What are you doing, Joe? ' said I.
' Nothing, Sir,' was Joe's reply.
1 Are you there, Will ? Pray let me know.'
' I'm busy, Sir, I'm helping Joe.'
• ' Is nothing then so hard to do,
That thus it takes the time of two? '
Poor Will then answered with a smile,
And laughed and giggled all the while :
' We are such clever folks, d' you see,
That nothing's hard for Joe and me.' "
ST. SWITHIN.
LETTERS AND WORDS IN COATS OF ARMS (3rd S.
ii. 166, 219.) — A READER will not, I think, find in-
stances of this in the coat-armour of any ancient
family.
I have notes of a few families, &c., with letters
in their shields, and subjoin them : —
Rashleigh, Bart. : Sa. a cross or between, in
the 1st quarter a Cornish chough ar. beaked and
legged, gu. ; in the 2nd a text T ; in the 3rd and
4th, a crescent, all ar.
The family of And bear : Gu. a Roman & ar.
Thos. Villiers, 1st E. Clarendon, bore on his
240
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. SEPT. 20, '62.
paternal coat an inescucheon ar., displaying the
Prussian eagle, charged on the breast with F.B.R.
The Taukes' bear : Ar. three garlands, and a
text T in base vert.
The city of Rochester : Or, on a cross gu., an
r of the first ; on a chief of the second, a lyon of
England.
See also the sinister supporter of the arms of
Sir Sidney Smith, supporting a banner, on which
is inscribed "Jerusalem, 1799."
I have never met with any instances beyond
the above in English heraldry. A READER, how-
ever, will find them more frequent on the Con-
tinent, if he will consult any works on foreign
heraldry. . SIDNEY YOUNG.
4, Martin's Lane, E.C.
THE BAPTISM or CHURCH BELLS (3rd S. ii.
192.) — The origin of the blessing of church bells
must be referred to the time of their first intro-
duction, about the seventh century. Alcuin, in
the eighth century, says of it : " Neque novum
videri debet campanas benedicere et ungere, eisque
nomen imponere." The term " baptism," as applied
to church bells, is an expression not sanctioned by
the Church : the ceremony in all Rituals is called
the " Blessing of Bells " only. They are blessed
upon the principle that every thing used in the
divine worship should be specially set apart, and
consecrated, with the invocation of the divine
blessing upon it. It is usual to bless the bell in
honour of some saint, whose name it afterwards
bears. Thus the Roman Pontifical has this
form : —
" Sanctificetur, et consecretur, Domine, signum istud.
In nomine Patris, et Filii et Spiritus Saucti. In honorem
Sancti N. Pax tibi."
The Pontifical of Bishop Lacy of Exeter, in the
fourteenth century, has the form very similar : —
" Consecretur et sanctificetur signum istud per istam
sanctam unctionem et nostram benedictionem in honore
Sancti N. In nomine Patris, etc., Amen. Pax tibi."
Neither of these has any mention of sponsors ;
but the Sarum Manuale has the following ru-
bric : —
" Et imponatur sibi nomen per sacerdotem, apponendo
raanus supra, et simul imponunt patrini et matriiw. Et
post presbyterum nominant suum nomen, cooperiendo
clocam lineis."
This custom of sponsors prevailed only in some
places, and the term, "Baptism of Bells," was
merely a vulgar mode of expression.
The blessing of bells still continues in use in
the Catholic Church ; but was discontinued, with
many other rites, in the Protestant churches in
the sixteenth century. For authorities, the in-
quirer may be referred to Card. Bona, De Rebus
Liturgicis, 1. i. cap. 22, n. 3 ; Benedict XIV.,
Jnst. 20 ; Baronius, ad Ann. 968, t. xvi. ; P. Me-
nard, n. 587, ad Sacr. S. Greg. ; Banier, Cere-
monies Religieusex ; Ferrari?, Bibliothfca, ad verb.
Camnana; and Maskell, Monumcnta Ritualia, vol.i.
p. cclxi. F. C. 11.
SEVENTEENTH CENTCRT PEWING (3rd S. ii. 189.)
C. J. R. says that the pewing in Sprotborough
Church is not later than the first half of the
seventeenth century. May I ask whether the
sittings are formed of pews or open benches?
During a few months' residence in South Devon,
I have been much interested in the remains which
exist, in some of the beautiful churches of that.
county, of the old open seats, to the fashion of
which we have now returned. In the little church
of Revelstokc, most picturesquely situated close to
the sea in a secluded part of Bigbury Bay, the
sittings consist of the old open benches in a greater
degree than in any other church I have seen,
there being only here and there a pew stuck in.
I should be glad to know if there is a list to be
found, in any book on church architecture, of
churches where these original open benches re-
main. If not, it would be interesting, if such of
your correspondents as know of any would men-
tion them. The sittings at Revelstoke are almost
exactly similar to those in my own parish church,
built eight years ago.
Am I right in believing that pews were un-
known much before the commencement of the
eighteenth century ? J. H. S.
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NOTES AND QUERIES.
Volume First of New Series.
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S. II. SEPT. 27, '62.]
NOTES AND QUEKIES.
241
LONDON, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 27, 1862.
CONTENTS — NO. 39.
NOTES : — Henry VIII.'s Impress at the Field of the Cloth
of Gold, 241 — Irish Folk Lore, 244 — The "Wild Turkey,
245 — Entries relating to Clergymen in the Parish Regis-
ters of Hornchurch, Co. Essex, Ib.
MINOR, NOTES : — The Morgan Papers — Fixity of Dress on
the Greek Stage — The Passing Bell — Advertising Statis-
tics— Bath Epigram, 246.
QUERIES : — Anonymous — Henry Barnard, Apothecary —
Handle Cheney, Esq., of Broxbourne — Ancient Chessmen
— The Foot of Thomas of Lancaster — Gobelins Tapestry
— Ghetto, Derivation of — Hume — The Names of the
Three Wise Men, a Charm against the " Falling Sickness "
— The " Organs " at Wrexham, Denbighshire — Quotations
— Colonel Thomas Rainsborough — The Shrine of St. Pal-
ladius, or Paldy, at Fordoun, 247.
QUERIES WITH ANSWERS : — Mr. John Lockman — Mar-
r, quis of Anglesey's Leg — "Memorial of the Church of
England" — Archbishop Tillotson — Doll — Inscription —
Goldsmith and Malagrida — Poem on William Rufus, by
W. S. Rose — Lilly's Grammar, 249.
REPLIES : — Essays on Assurance, 251 — Swift v. Wag-
staffe, 253 — The Family of .the Bowles's the well-known
Printsellers, 254 — Turnspit Dogs, 255 — Shaksperiana :
the Pall Bearer — Wigs — The Glover Family — Good-
hind Family — Macaronic Poem — Mutilation of Monu-
ments — Pomfret — " Term Trotter " — Wedderley : Ne-
therhouse — Painting of the Reformers — "A Tour through
Ireland," 1748 — Dying with the Ebbing-tide — Soul-Food :
Pot-baws — Charade — Hebrew Queries — American Cents
—Cut-throat Lane— St. Leger: Trunkwell— Sun-dials,
&c., 256.
HENRY VIII.'s IMPRESS AT THE FIELD OF THE
CLOTH OF GOLD.
(Continued from 3rd S. ii. 224.)
III. I have now to inquire how far the account
which P. Jovius has published is confirmed by
earlier writers.
If the incident of the impress ever happened at
all. it must have been visible to the eyes of ten
thousand persons, who were officially assembled
at the interview, including the sovereigns, and
the chief nobility and gentry of England and
France. Surely there would be something to
attract observation in that device of the immense
and finely-painted archer in his defiant attitude,
decorating the front of a palace which formed the
principal object of admiration amidst a scene of
wonders. When the French monarch, attended
by his courtiers, passed before the old familiar
emblem of England's warlike success to the ban-
quet which King Henry had prepared for them,
the contrast, it may be thought, must have been
suggestive. To awaken the sad memory of a
disaster, which, not far from that very spot, had
laid prostrate the kingdom of France, and which
had elevated another English Henry to her throne
less than a century before, might not be accordant
with the spirit of royal hospitality ; but it would
be fitted to arrest one moment at least for serious
reflection. "We are consequently entitled to re-
quire the most convincing proof of the existence
of the impress from the testimony of eye-witnesses.
Whether, however, such proof "can be produced,
is now the question which demands consideration.
The original authorities, from which the descrip-
tion of the Field of the Cloth of Gold has passed
into general history, are Hall's Chronicle, the Me-
moirs of the Marshal de Fleurange * and of Mar-
tin du Bellay, and a contemporary French tract
inserted in Montfaucon.^ The French tract con-
tains the official account published by authority
at the time.f Hall, who was a man of character,
and afterwards Recorder of London, states ex-
pressly that he was present at the interview; and
he is said to have been charged by Henry VIII.
to write the English official account. Fleurange
was likewise present, in attendance upon the per-
son of Francis, as Captain of the Swiss Guard,
and is known to have remonstrated with him on
the rashness of his informal visit to Henry. Du
Bellay, who was there also, is a writer of unim-
peachable character. Now, it is worthy of special
notice, that in every one of the four contemporary
narratives here referred to, there is a description
of King Henry's palace, and that given by Hall
is characterised by the excessive minuteness of
detail which the old chronicler delighted in ; but
throughout the whole of them there is not the
slightest allusion to the impress. There are no
other ancient authorities that I know of which
add anything material to the information thus
given. A volume formerly existed in the Cot-
tonian Library containing several contemporary
narratives of the interview, but it unfortunately
perished in the fire which destroyed so many of
the manuscripts belonging to that collection.§
Hall, after speaking of the grandeur displayed by
Wolsey on the occasion of the interview, adds :
" Of the nobleness of this cardinal the Frenchmen
made books." Some of these " books " — for the
word meant works in manuscript as well as in
print — in all probability do not now exist. One
of them, however, is the French tract before
alluded to, the whole of which is supposed to be
incorporated in Montfaucon, though the last three
pages of the original publication referring to a
different subject, and to which I mean to recur,
have never been reprinted. But another of these
* Henry's palace, according to Fleurange, was a crystal
palace, and it seems to have been as much the wond'er of
that age as the Palace of 1851 in Hyde Park was to our
own.
f Les Monumens de la Monarchic Franyoise. The
greater part of it had previously been inserted, with the
language slightly altered, in Le Ceremonial Francois.
{ M. Brunet, in the new edition of his Manuel, now in
;he course of publication, vol. ii. 993, has given under
the word " Entre'e " the full title of this tract ; although,
not having seen it, he has assumed that it relates to
LiOuis XII.
§ Archceologia, iii. 198.
242
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"« S. II. SEPT. 27, '62.
books, and one which Hall must have had princi-
pally in his memory, is a still earlier tract con-
sisting of a letter written from the French camp
near Ardres on the llth June, or only four days
after the first meeting of the two kings. The
writer, who reports Wolsey's proceedings at length,
appears not to have yet seen Henry's palace, but
he gives evidence of the courtesy'and good feeling
then prevailing.* Clement Marot, the poet, was
also at the interview ; and amongst the allegorical
personages whom he represents as being present,
he points particular attention to the circumstance
that Love, bearing " a standard, white and pure,"
was the first to enter upon the field.f
In recent times the attention paid to the study
of history from original sources has led to the
publication of some contemporary documents
throwing light upon the Field of the Cloth of
Gold. These will be found amongst Sir Henry
Ellis's Letters Illustrative of English History (1st
series), in the Chronicle of Calais, and the Rutland
Papers printed for the Camden Society, and in the
Archceologia.\
In none of these works, however, illustrated as
they are by the researches of learned editors, is
there to be found any reference whatever to
the impress as existing prior to P. Jovius's his-
tory.
But, it may be asked, are there no historians
who flourished during the period which intervened
between the years 1520 and 1552 ? The life of
Machiavelli extended to it, but his works were
written earlier, and relate chiefly to Italian affairs.
There was also Guicciardini, who will be quoted
presently. Had there been others, P. Jovius
would hardly have acquired the brief reputation
which fell to his lot. That period was coincident
with the earlier years of the Reformation ; and
on this side the Alps and the Pyrenees, the intel-
lect of Europe, after a long bondage, was in its
passage through the wilderness ; and the time
was not yet come for secular triumphs and
conquests. Dull chroniclers and continuators,
and compilers of ecclesiastical affairs there were,
whose writings with a few exceptions are now
forgotten, but there was no historian worthy of
the name. No one can pretend to have exhausted
the literature of that period of more than thirty
years, to say nothing of the centuries which have
followed ; and a summary of my own researches
would present little more than a parade of names.
All I ^can do is to express my conviction that
there is not in existence a tittle of evidence to
* The title of this tract is La description et ordre du
camp, fcstins et iotutes. The .French tracts mentioned
in the text (including the one. printed at Arras after-
wards referred to) are in the British Museum, and en-
tered in the new catalogue under the title " Henry VIII."
(Euvres de Clement Marot, ii. 299. ed. 18^3.
j Vol. xxi. 175.
show that the impress was ever heard of, until the
account of it was published by P. Jovius, A.D.
1552 in his history.
If there had been any such evidence, during
the earlier half of that period, Francis Guicciar-
dini would hardly have overlooked it. He had
slight respect, it may be admitted, for mere pa-
geants ; but the range of his information was wide,
and the impress would have indicated one of those
decided features of character, which his subtle
genius* was almost certain to have seized upon.
After giving an account of the battle of Pavia,
when the Emperor Charles V. had first obtained
a dangerous ascendency in Europe, the Italian
historian proceeds to describe the policy
quent on that event adopted by Henry VIII.,
who, he adds, " pursuing the counsels of the Car-
dinal of York, seemed to make it his principal
aim to become the arbiter in the differences be-
tween other princes ; so that, when the decisive
moment arrived, all the world might recognise its
dependence upon him." Here was an opportunity,
of which it may be presumed, that Guicciardini
would have availed himself to refer to the impress,
had he been aware of it. Indeed the editor of the
best edition of his history, who was a believer in
the impress, seeing the omission in his author's
text, has added a note giving a full account of the
English archer, " with his proud motto." " The
fact, that Guicciardini himself has made no such
allusion, may reasonably be urged to show that
in his time the impress had not been born. Ho
died in 1540, or twenty years after the inter-
view.
The same reasoning applies to the Correspond-
ence of the Emperor Charles V. and his Ambas'
sadors at the Courts of England and France,
published by Mr. Bradford, A.D. 1850, from the
original letters in the imperial family archives at
Vienna. If the impress had existed elsewhere
than in the imagination of P. Jovius, we surely
ought to find some trace of it in this correspon-
dence, which extends over the period from 1521
to 1530. On the contrary, however, during the
negotiations which followed the battle of Pavia,
the Emperor's minister, De Praet, adopts sub-
stantially the language of Guicciardini, that it
was Wolsey's policy to hold the balance between
the Emperor and Francis I.f and this language
gives rise to another reflection. So conspicuous
were the influence of Wolsey, the loftiness of his
genius, and the pride of his character, that if the
impress had been actually used at the Field of the
Cloth of Gold — when the fame of Wolsey was at
its culminating point — the allusion in the motto
would, in all probability, have been held to apply
* Col superbo motto. See litoria d" Italia, vol. iv. p. 36,
ed. Friburgo, 1776.
t P. 178.
3>-(! S. II. SEPT. 27, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
243
to him personally, and not to Henry VIIT. ; and
this having once taken place, the tradition could
not afterwards by any possiblity have been altered.
Henry might be first in the tournament, but in a
matter relating to statesmanship, he was second
to Wolsey. Both then, and for years afterwards,
Ego et rex mens was not merely the form of a de-
spatch, but a reality which was felt from the one end
of Europe to the other. A quarter of a century
after Wolsey's decease, the memory of what he had
been in 1520 still survived in France, and gave
rise to a strange exaggeration on a point which
ordinary men deemed more important in that age
than mere statesmanship. Arnold Ferro, or Fer-
ron, published in 1555 a continuation to the
Chronicle of the Kings of France, by Paul us
2Emilius; and he states that on the occasion of
the interview three magnificent pavilions were
erected midway between Ardres and Guines ; one
for the King of France, another for the King of
England, and a third for Cardinal Wolsey.
But there is a stronger argument against the
impress than can be derived from the silence of any
single contemporary writer, since the impress itself
is met by a positive contradiction in a contem-
porary fact which could hardly have been ex-
pected, and which, having been embodied in a
permanent work of art, is still visible. King
Henry, in order to perpetuate the memory of the
interview, caused its principal circumstances, and
amongst them his temporary palace, to be repre-
sented in a painting, which is at the present time
exhibited at Hampton Court.* A full description
of this picture written in 1770, by Sir Joseph
Ayloffe, is inserted in the third volume of the
Archceologia, and it contains the following curious
passage : —
"History informs us that Henry caused one of the
fronts of this palace to be adorned with the figure of a
Sagittary, under which the following motto was placed,
Cui adfucreo prceest. But they are not represented in the
picture. As the front therein exhibited appears to be
so fully decorated as not to leave room for the admission
of such an ornament, we may with the greater probability
presume that the Sagittary was placed on the rear dr
back front of the building, which faced towards the place
of interview, and from its point of situation was best
adapted for the reception of that allusion."
We are indebted to Sir Joseph Ayloffe for an
interesting account of this picture, but the infer-
ence which he has drawn in the preceding passage
is unwarrantable, since all the evidence that there
is en the point concurs in placing the impress in
front, and not at the back of the palace. Nor has
he been more successful a little further on, when
he comes to explain the allegorical figure occupy-
ing the exact position in front of the palace,
where we might have expected to find the sagit-
* A large engraving of this picture has been pub-
lished by the Society of Antiquaries.
tary. This he does by suggesting that the figure
may have alluded to Henry's "then newly-ac-
quired title of Defender of the Faith ; " the palace
having been already erected, as we have seen, in
June, 1520, and the title having been actually
acquired in the latter part of the following year.
Hence we may venture to disallow the reasons of
Sir John for the absence of the impress, and ac-
cept from him the fact, which I can myself con-
firm, and which, to my apprehension would, under
ordinary circumstances, be a sufficient refutation
of the narrative of P. Jovius.
For a particular description of the palace itself,
I must refer to Hall or the Archceologia. One
circumstance only in connection with that edifice
I will here notice, as it may possibly have helped
to suggest the idea of introducing the impress.
Upon the greensward before ths principal en-
trance to the palace, there was erected on one
side a handsome fountain, surmounted by a
figure of Bacchus, and which continually poured
forth Malmsey and claret wine for all comers.
On the other side was a large and richly-orna-
mented gilt pillar sustaining another figure ; and
this was certainly an archer, but neither an Eng-
lishman nor, according to the tradition of Lord
Herbert, a savage. What the figure was Hall
informs us, for he states that " on the summit of
the said pillar stood an image of the blind god
Cupid, with his bow and arrows of love, ready
by his seeming to strike the young people to
love."
And thus it is everywhere when we turn to the
earlier authorities. Whatever may have been the
sentiments of Henry and Francis during the in-
terview, we find in all their external proceedings
the manifestation of mutual regard, of generosity,
courtesy, and the demeanour of gentlemen.
To counterbalance, then, the inconsistencies and
contradictions which I have pointed out, we have
merely the single statement of P. Jovius. If we
receive the genuineness of the impress upon his
authority, we must believe also that the quick-
witted and high-spirited nobility of France were
either too stupid to comprehend, or too tame to
notice, even if they felt, the affront offered to their
sovereign,* and on the other hand that the Eng-
* What the French nobility thought of Henry's actual
conduct there is some evidence to show in a despatch
sent to him, a few days after the interview, by Sir
Richard Wingfield, his ambassador in France. Sir Richard,
writing from Abbeville, mentions also another circum-
stance illustrating our present subject, and which, I
believe, is not generally known. He says : —
"In myne opinion, Sir, there was neuer prince more
bownden to thancke God then ye be, for that it bathe
pleasyd Hym to ordeigne you to make your voiage
into these parties. In the whyche, besydes the grete
honnour whiche you haue acquestyd, wherof the lyke
luithe nother bene seen or harde, ye haue whon not onlye
the beste and moste faithefull frende of cristendom, but
244
NOTES AND QUERIES.
II. SEPT. 27, '62.
glish were too modest to boast of the discourtesy
of Henry- We must believe that this insensibility
lasted throughout a generation, and that it was
reserved for P. Jovius to inform the French in
1552 how their fathers, the conquerors of Marig-
nano, had submitted in silence to the " arro-
gance " of the King of England.
It is now time to add a few remarks on the re-
putation for veracity which belongs to the author,
whose narrative makes this demand upon our cre-
dulity. H. P.
(To be continued.)
IRISH FOLK LORE.
The following examples will perhaps add some-
thing to the collection of odd customs, either
dying out or still existing, brought under notice
from time to time in " N. & Q."
In the county of Armagh a cow, suffering under
some ailment, was submitted to the following
treatment ; whether as the sole means of cure, or
auxiliary to some more active remedies, I do not
now recollect. The animal being brought out,
the owner and the cow-doctor took their places
gravely on opposite sides of her, one of them
holding in his hand a burning coal or turf. This
was put nine times over the back, and of course
also ye baue whon the hartes of all the nobles of hys
Realme, fro the hyest to the lowest; whyche cesse not
from tyme to tyme to gyff you the hyest louengea [t. e.
praises] that may be thowght; in suche wyse that it
semythe theye be not satisfyed with other deuises then of
your highnes vertues, and the manyfolde gyffts of nature
wyche your royall person is endowed with, off all wyche
bye thankea mott be gyffyn to Allmyghty God.
" Also your Grace shall vnderstonde that by the waye
towardes the kynge your beste and mostelovyngebroder,
I passyd by my ladye hys moder, beynge at Rue ; where I
made vnto her your moste harty and effecteous recom-
mendations, and also shewyd her that your Grace had
geffyn me charge to desyr her in your name, that she
wolde contenuallye haue in her lovyng souuenance your
highnes her newe acquestyd son, whyche for your parte
dyd here vnto her the semblable honnour, reuerence &
affection that the kynge your lovynge good broder and
her sou dyd, in like manner as thowghe she where your
Graces natnrall moder ; and also shewyd vnto her suche
credence as your Highnes had geffyn me to declare vnto
your best and most lovynge broder. All wh3'che when
she had harde, with moste joyeuse visaige & countenance,
she yeldyd vnto your Grace moste harty and lovynge
thankes, as well of the recommendations made bv ine as
also that it had lykyd you of your bye bowntie and
goodnesse to accept her in the lieu of your moder; wherin
she sayde ye dyd her not onlye the hyest honnour that
euer lady receiued, but also the gretyst comfort ; for now
she thowght that she myght wele save, thowghe she
toke not her selff so to be worthie, to 'be moder to two
the most perfytt and accomplisshyd princes that euer
[were] harde or redde of to haue been in this worlde at
onys; sayenge that [where] hertofore she had but one
Harte and one son, from henceforthe [that her] harte
V/i a £*,- eKfllye devvd3'd betwene ye bothe." — Cotton
JUS., Caligula, D. VH. p. 239.
an equal number of times under the belly of the
cow ; being passed from hand to hand by the two
performers in the farce, thus encircling lor a short
time as with a burning brand the body of the
beast. Reflecting on this scene since, the remark-
able part of the ceremony was, that the owner of
the cow was a person of considerable wealth and
in a respectable rank of life. It is certainly also
many years since the matter occurred, and it is
to be hoped that in the county of Armagh, one of
the most improved and enlightened in Ireland,
no person in any rank whatever could now be
found to adopt so extraordinary a method of heal-
ing bodily disease.
The wealth of the Irish consisting in early times
to so great an extent of cattle, the cow seems to
have been always the object of their peculiar
care ; at least, while various charms in connexion
with her are known, I have never heard of other
animals being made the subjects of this mode of
treatment. Thus, in addition to the fiery charm
already mentioned, it seems difficult to imagine
why there should be such connexion between the
cow and the flint arrow-heads of primitive days.
I have heard a cow, when sick and the disease not
readily distinguishable, described as elf shot ; and
even invited to feel an imaginary hole or indenta-
tion in the side, as a wound thought to be in-
flicted by that old and simple, but supposed
supernatural weapon, shot from an unseen bow
by an unseen and mischievous elf — some myste-
rious complaint being thereby produced. The
elf-stone was sometimes also hung at the cow's
head, or on her horn, to avert the approach of
the spirits of the air with hostile intentions ; and
on other occasions it was dropped into the drink
of the sick cow, from the belief that it possessed
some power of rendering the operation of the
soluble ingredients of the mixture more effectual.
A convincing proof of its application to this last-
named purpose was recently given to me by a
near relative, possessed of a large collection of
Irish antiquities. A respectable butcher, on whose
statement the utmost reliance was to be placed,
once brought him an arrow-head, found in the
stomach or bowels of a cow just slaughtered.
The immediate conclusion from this circumstance
was that a mixture, into which the elf-stone was
dropped, had been administered to the animal at
some time ; and that, in licking up the meal and
other ingredients contained in it, she had actually
swallowed the flinty substance in which the charm
resided — with what effect the record is silent.
It appears to be impossible for people entirely
uneducated, and in a low state of civilisation, to
conceive a condition of society materially different
from that in which their own lives or the lives of
their fathers have passed, — to realise in their
thoughts, for instance, even a time when pota-
toes were not grown ; much less to form a mental
3rd S. II. SEPT. 27, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
245
picture of the days when a scanty population,
following no husbandry, half naked or clothed in
skins, wandered over the hills and through the
woods, shooting at one another or at wild ani-
mals with those very arrows now dug up in their
pasture grounds, — having no better employment,
and, it is thought by many, no better weapons.
Not being able to conceive anything of this kind,
they form the conclusion that these strange in-
struments, so useless apparently for all the pur-
poses of life known to them, cannot be the work
of men's hands. They, therefore, call the arrow-
points elf-stones ; and the large stone hammers
and hatchets, thunderbolts. In the part of the
county of Antrim from which I write, the opinion
of their supernatural origin is however greatly
disturbed, on account of the profusion in which
they are found. In districts long cultivated, most
objects of the kind have been dug up and long
since scattered ; but in places where there was,
and still is, good natural pasture, the locality at
the same time being sheltered and secure — so as
to have presented inducements in old times for a
comparatively numerous body to occupy as per-
manently as their mode of life permitted, and
which is only now being brought under culture —
the flint arrow-heads, hatchets, and other primi-
tive instruments of stone are found in such num-
bers, that the simple explanation to the most
unenlightened of their probable use and origin is
received with apparent credence. So much is
this the case, that I cannot say that flint arrows
are now put to any of the uses I have described ;
or, if they are, some concealment must be prac-
tised ; which is in itself one step towards the dis-
continuance of customs so much at variance with
the practical matter-of-fact and advancing age
in which we live. G. B.
Glenravel House, County of Antrim.
THE WILD TUEKEY.
Benjamin Franklin says that this bird (the
Mcleagris gallopavo of naturalists) is a native of
America — a statement which is repeated by Lucian
Bonaparte in hisAmer. Ornithology, (i. 79) : —
" The native country of the wild turkey (says the
Prince) extends from the north-western territory of the
United States to the Isthmus of Panama, south of which
it is not to be found, notwithstanding the statements of
authors, who have mistaken the curassow for it."
This reasoning maybe all very just so far as
concerns its habitat on the northern continent of
America ; but query if the bird was not known an-
terior to the discovery of the western hemisphere,
and therefore elsewhere ? I have been informed
that it was first introduced to the notice of Eu-
ropeans (or rather made known to them) by
Marco Polo, the Venetian, who has described it
somewhere in his book of Travels as the "big
fowl," and representing it as an inhabitant of
Cathay (Northern China), where it is called Ta
hi; and hence our English "turkey." It is doubt-
ful, I believe, whether Polo composed his Travels
in the French or in the Italian language. Can
any one confirm, by reference to an early MS. or
printed edition of his work, that the Ta ki is
really identical with the Meleagris gallopavo of
our naturalists ?
The mentioning of Franklin's name in connection
with the wild turkey tempts me to add the following
characteristic passage from one of his letters to his
daughter, Mrs. Sarah Bache (Works, vol. x. p. 63),
in which he regrets that the Bald Eagle had been
preferred to the Turkey as the national emblem
of his country : " For my own part (he wrote in
the seventy-eighth year of his age), I wish the
bald eagle had not been chosen as the represen-
tative of our country ; he is a bird of bad moral
character ; he does not get his living honestly ;
you may have seen him perched on some dead
tree where, too lazy to fish for himself, he watches
the labour of the fishing-hawk ; and when that
diligent has at length taken a fish, and is bearing
it to his nest for the support of his mate and young
ones, the bald eagle pursues him, and takes it
from him. With all this injustice he is never in
good case, but, like those among men who live by
sharping and robbing, he is generally poor, and
often very lousy. Besides, he is a rank coward ;
the little king-bird, not bigger than a sparrow,
attacks him boldly, and drives him out of the dis-
trict. He is, therefore, by no means a proper
emblem for the brave and honest Cincinnati of
America [a proposed transatlantic Order of which
the philosopher disapproved], who have driven all I
the King-birds from our country ; though exactly
fit for that order of knights which the French call
Chevaliers ^Industrie, I am, on this account, not
displeased that the figure is not known as a bald
eagle, but looks more like a turkey. For, in truth,
the turkey is, in comparison, a much more respect-
able bird, and withal a true original native of
America. Eagles have been found in all coun-
tries, but the turkey was peculiar to ours. He is
besides (though a little vain and silly, 'tis^ true,
but not the worse emblem for that), a bird of
courage, and would not hesitate to attack a grena-
dier of the British guards, who should presume to
invade his farm-yard with a red coat on." £.
ENTRIES RELATING TO CLERGYMEN IN THE
PARISH REGISTERS OF HORNCHURCH,
CO. ESSEX.
The following extracts from the Parish Regis-
ters of Hornchurch, include every entry relating
to clergymen from A.D. 1576, when the register
begins, to the year 1700.
246
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. IL SKIT. 27, 'C_>.
They may form a fitting supplement lo the
Romford excerpts, printed in "N. & Q.," 3rd S.
ii. l(>-2. Komford, though the more important
town, was, until late years, only a Chapelry of
Hornchurch. Newcourt gives no list of the in-
cumbents of Romford and Hornchurch.
These Registers are in good order, and have
very few " breaks." The entries of baptisms,
marriages, and burials, arc intermixed from a
very early date.
1594, June 30. (Francis Hall, the sonnc of Raffe Hall,
Vicar of Hornchurch. Bapt.
1595, May 5. Kaffe Hall, Mr of Arts, and godly minister
of Hornchurch. Bur.
, Nov. 16. Raphe Hall, the sonue of Mr. Raphe Hall,
late Vicar of Hornchurch. Bur.
1C08, July 31. Mr. Richard Atkins, Curate of Havering.
Bur.
1G08-9, Feb. 16. Edward Cooke, sonne of Matthew Cooke,
Curat. Bapt.
1610, Decr 11. The reuerend man Charles Ryues, Doctor
of Diuinitee, and Vicar of Hornechurche. Bur.
1613, June 4. Buried, George Rives, Dr of Divinity.
Warden of Newe College, in Oxon.
[The College owns large estates in this parish, and is
patron of the living.]
1623, Feb. 10. Bur, Josias White, faythfull pastor.
1626, Sept. 28. Married, Robert Polden and Margaret
Jackman.
[Daughter of Edward Jackman, Esq., of Hacton, in
this Parish.]
1630, June 11. Bapt., Elizabeth Chambers, the daughter
of Richard Chambers, Dr of divinity, and minis-
ter of S' Andrew Hubbord, London.
1632, March 31. Bur., Robertus Polden, ecclea pastor
doctissimus vigilantissimus et pacificus sacra
theologirc baccalaureus.
1648, Sept. 18. Bur., Thomas Man, Vicar, doctissim. &
pacific. S.T.B.
1657-8, Jan7 21. Bur., Mr. Matthew Leacok, Vicker.
1685-6, March 17. Mr. Michael Wells, Vicar of Horn-
church, was buried.
[This entry contradicts the positive statement of
Catamy, that Wells was ejected in 1662 under the Act
of Uniformity.]
1688, Aug. 20. Francis, son of Francis Shaw,', Vicar of
Hornchurch. Bapt.
1689, Aug. 20. Mary, daughter of do. Bapt
1691-2, March 23. Ann, daughter of Francis Shaw, Vicar
of this Church. Bapt.
1695, Ocf 28. Jane, daughter of do. Bapt.
1696, Nov. 17. Francis Shaw, Vicar of y« Parish. Buried.
1697, May 19. Bapt, Eliza. yc daughter of Mrs. Mary
Shaw.
, July 22. Bur., Edward, the sonne of Mrs. Mary
Shaw.
, Ocf 10. Bur., Eliz., daughter of do.
EDWARD J. SAGE.
Stoke Newington.
Minat
THE MORGAN PAPERS. — In the possession of
T. H. Glutton Brock, Esq., of Pensax Court,
Worcestershire, are a remarkable collection of
letters and documents relating to the Civil Wars,
which have descended in the family from tin*
famous parliamentary General Sir Thomas Mor-
gan, Bart, an heiress of whose race brought Kin-
nersley Castle, in Herefordshire, to the Chit i
They consist of letters from General
relating to military affairs in Scotland; also
from Col. Lockhart, who married Cromwell's
niece; Gilbert Mabbott, licencer of the Parlia-
mentary Gazette, in 1648; Doctor Troutbeck, a
surgeon; Capt. Witter; Mr. Clark
Secretary ; llobson, and Dr. Barrowe, Judge
Advocate of Monck's army ; Sir Thos. M
appointment as Governor of Jersey; let
him at that post from the Duke of Monmouth,
besides many orders signed by King Charles di-
rected to him. There are also pictures at 1
Court of Sir Thomas Morgan and his descend-
ants.
These document?, which are very voluminous,
contain many important details of the history of
the times, and their existence was little known,
even to those who reside in the vicinity of Pensax.
There is a picture of Sir Alan Cotton, Lord
Mayor of London, carrying the city sceptre at
the coronation of King Charles I. He was also
an ancestor in the female line of the Gluttons.
Sir Thomas Morgan was created a Baronet in
1660 for his zeal in promoting the restoration.
He bore arms 3 bulls' heads cabossed sable. The
arms of the Tredegar family are different, from
which I presume he was not directly connected
with that branch of the Morgans.
THOMAS E. WINNINGTON.
Stanford Court, Worcester.
FIXITY OF DRESS ON THE GREEK STAGE. —
" Our theatrical costumes are supposed to convey an idea
of the dresses actually worn by the characters represented,
whereas those of the Greeks were modifications of the
festal robes worn in the Dionysian processions, and were
prescribed by the ceremonial law of the stnge as strictly
as the albs, copes, hoods and surplices used by religious
functionaries in graver scenes." — Article on Donaldson's
Theatre of the Greeks in Saturday Revieu', Sept 6, 1862.
Is not this laid down too broadly ? Dicajopolis,
when he begs the ragged garment, of Telephns,
mentions others who have appeared in rags on the
stage ; and Euripides says : —
TH iroT, Sbs avrtf T;jAe$ot» fiaxw/JMTa '
KeTroi 8' &vu6(V ruv Qveffreiuv (IOKUV
Merely TUV 'ivous. Acharnes, v. 432.
The joke would have fallen dead had not the
audience been accustomed to see these gentlemen-
in-difficulties dressed in varied clothes.
FITZUOPKISS.
Paris.
THE PASSING BELL. — It is curious, and often
painful, to observe how many old customs .-ire
changed from their original purpose, and that
purpose completely forgotten. The passing bell
was originally intended to give notice of a soul
S. II. SEPT. 27, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
247
departing, or passing out of the world, and to
procure prayers for its happy passage. Now the
bell is tolled only when a person is actually dead ;
and in Norfolk we hear the clerk or sexton speak
of passing the bell, or going to pass the bell, for
some one just departed ; so that here passing has
come to signify tolling ! F. C. II.
ADVERTISING STATISTICS. — Casually looking
into an entertaining periodical, which was started
in the year 1824, entitled the Literary Magnet,
I found in vol. ii. for 1826, pp. 65-74 (new
series), an interesting article on " Booksellers
and Authors," which reveals to us many arcana
connected with literary matters. At p. 67 it is
stated that Messrs. Longman, in 1817 — 1818, paid
nearly 50001. for advertisements, and that Messrs.
Whittaker, in 1824—1825, expended nearly 6000Z.
in advertising. These remarks appeared between
thirty and forty years ago ; and since that period,
the system of advertising, both by publishers and
the public in general, having been greatly on the
increase, it might be a great curiosity to have some
idea what, at the present time, we may estimate
the expense to be annually of disbursements on
that account, or else have some items of such ex-
penditure. Some conjecture may be formed of
the expense attending it, when I state that, having
leisure, I lately amused myself in my journey on
the railway, by counting the multitudinous adver-
tisements in my Sradshaw, and they amounted to
315. When I reached home I pursued my object
with the Edinburgh and Quarterly Revieivs : bound
up with the former I found 182 pages of adver-
tisements to 292 pages of review — total 474 pages.
The contents of the Quarterly were : pages of
review 280, index 8, advertisements 148, total
pages 436. I hope some reader of " N. & Q."
will furnish us with some information on this sub-
ject, which, as I have said, I consider curious.
A LOOKER-ON.
BATH EPIGRAM. — The fine and perfect Abbey
Church of Bath, dedicated to St. Peter and St.
Paul, has, flanking the great western door, a
statue of each of its patrons ; the hands of both
which have been knocked off, no doubt by the
zealots of former iron times, and by some strange
neglect, have never been replaced. This has
given rise to the following epigram : —
" In effigies SS. Petri et Pauli manibus truncatas.
" His plagatus sum in domo eorum qui diligebant
me." — Zech. xiii. 6.
" Petre, quid ingeminas ; et quid tu, Paule, reponis,
Ostentans manibus brachia trunca suis ?
Ethnica lassisset si me violentia, ferrem ;
Sed data Cbristiadis impia plaga dolet."
B. E.
ANONYMOUS. — Who was author of a dramatic
satire relating to Ireland's Shakspeare forgeries,
called Precious Relics, 1796 ? 2. Narcissus and
Eliza, a dramatic tale, 1754? 3. Marcellus and
Julia, a dialogue. London, 1788, Debrett? 4. A
Peep into High Life, or Fashionable Characters
Dramatised, 8vo, 1812 ? R. I.
HENRY BARNARD, APOTHECARY. — Information
respecting this gentleman, who was an apothecary
in London about the year 1730, — his place of re-
sidence, if married, the name of his wife, and the
date and place of his death, — will much oblige
H.
HANDLE CHENET, ESQ., OF BROXBOURNE. — It ia
stated, in Clutterbuck's Herts (vol. iii. p. 250),
that the foregoing by his will, dated in 1795, left
to the minister and churchwardens of Stanstead
Abbots, in that county, a certain sum ; the in-
terest of which was to be expended in keeping in
repair the tomb of his late wife, in the church-
yard of that place. I should be much obliged for
any particulars of Handle Cheney, as to what
branch of the great house of Cheney he derived ?
Whom he married, and if he left issue ? G. B.
ANCIENT CHESSMEN. — In the History of Do-
mestic Manners and Sentiments, by Thomas Wright,
among other curious illustrations, are given some
of ancient Icelandic chessmen (p. 203), said to be
of the twelfth century ; where the bishop is re-
presented as one of that order, with his mitre and
crosier.
I have in my possession a very curious set in
silver and silver-gilt (Venetian, I believe), where
the bishops, as we now call them, are habited as
men-at-arms ; with long maces in their hands, on
one side a three-cornered hat, on the other a kind
of cap. The knights are on horseback, armed ;
the one with spear, matchlock, and straight broad-
sword, with a Persian cap ; the other with curved
scimitar and matchlock only. The rooks, or cas-
tles, are elephants bearing castellated towers on
their backs, with men and cannon, or cross-bows.
The kings and queens would appear, from their
dress, to be of the age of Elizabeth, or older. I
am no antiquary ; but should like to know when
the term bishops was first used in chess ? Whether
it is the older term, which the Icelandic chess-
men would imply ? Were they ever called men-
at-arms ? At what period ? And when did the
modern term bishop again come into use ?
MONTAGUE WILLIAMS.
Woolland House.
THE FOOT OF THOMAS OF LANCASTER. — In the
" Rentale of Charyte" (quoted in Nichols's Leices-
tershire, vol. i. p. 113, Appendix), there is the item,
,"Pes Thome Lancastrie ! respondebat, vju x'.,"
among the receipts appertaining to St. Martin's
248
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. SETT. 27, '62.
church, Leicester. Query, Was this sum received
at the " foot" of an image of Thomas of Lancaster,
or was his "foot" preserved in the church as a
relic ? T. NOBTH.
Leicester.
GOBELINS TAPESTBT. — In an original letter from
Paris, in 1753, the writer, speaking of the Gobe-
lins Tapestry, says that the then director of the
manufactory was a Scotchman. Can any reader
of " N. & Q." say who this Scotchman was ; or
refer to any book from which something of him
and of the establishment, about the above year,
can be learned ? R. WEIGHT.
Great Russell Street.
GHETTO, DERIVATION OP. — The authors of
the Architectural Publication Dictionary find two
etymologies given for this word, which you will
remember is the name for the Jews' quarter,
or that portion of cities in Italy to which that
nation is restricted. One is the Hebrew word
ghet, said to signify division or separation. We
cannot find such a word except the Talmudic
form Ojl, a biU of divorce, or separation. The
other offered is the Low Latin guetta, a sentinel
or watchman. Thus Du Cange, s. v. " Wactse,"
quoting the will of Philip the Fair (1311), says
he leaves " to Adam and Stephen, our watchmen
(guettis nostris) 60 shillings [each." The ghetto
was enclosed by gates, and guarded or watched
to prevent the Jews going in or out after certain
hours. The latter seems the better derivation, as
the former is rather the bill than the separation
itself. Could any of your readers assist one who
takes a great interest in the [subject as early as
possible ? A. A.
Poets' Corner.
HUME. — In the churchyard at Reigate is a
large black marble slab without any date or in*
scription of any kind, except only the one word,
HUME. To whose memory is this a memorial ?
A LOUD OF A MANOR.
THE NAMES or THE THREE WISE MEN, A
CHARM AGAINST THE " FALLING SICKNESS." — A
silver ring was found some years ago at Dunwich,
in Suffolk, bearing round the circumference the
following words : —
" Jasper fert Myrrhara ; Thus Melchior ; Balthasar Au-
rura:
Haac tria qui secum portabit nomina Regum,
Solvitur a Morbo, Christ! pietate, caduco."
Can any of the readers of " N. & Q." inform me
as to the origin of this receipt or charm ? Blom-
field, in his History of Norwich, gives the follow-
ing old English translation of the Latin : —
" Myrrh, Frankincense, and Gold the Eastern Kings
Devote to Christ the Lord, as offerings ;
For which all those, who their three names do bear,
The • Falling Sickness ' never need to fear."
It is said that the heads of the three wise men
are preserved in the cathedral of Cologne.
S. DALTOS.
St. John's, Norwich.
THE "OBGANS" AT WBEXHAM, DENBIGHSHIRE
In a Gazetteer of England and Wales, in oblong
octavo, which I take to be of the period of
Charles I., inasmuch as it is published by John
Bill, I find at the close of the account of Denbigh-
shire, the following paragraph in manuscript : —
" In Wrcxham is y° Rarest Steeple in y* 3 Nations; &
hath had y» Fayrest Orgaines in Europe, till y late VVarr
in Charles y* 1" his raigne, whose Parlarnent Forsses
palled Him & Them downe, with other Ceremoniall Or-
naments; & made yc Blackcoates rather weare Swordes
than Sirplns, & Drumes were waged where Orgaines
stood, and Pikes instead of Pipes."
The tower of Wrexham" church still remains
pre-eminent amongst our ecclesiastical architec-
ture. But is there any other known record of
the surpassing excellence of its organ ? M. D.
QUOTATIONS. — At the risk of displaying but
small acquaintance with the works of the poets, I
must ask for the names of the writers of the fol-
lowing lines, cited in an American book which
has lately come under my notice : —
" Calvaries are everywhere, whereon
Virtue is crucified, and nails and spears
Draw guiltless blood."
" No more'desperate endeavours,
No more separating evers,
No more desolating nevers,
Over there."
ST. SWITHIN.
Who is the author of the following lines : —
" No priest stood by to soothe the hour of death ;
No wailing sire received his fleeting breath ;
Above his grave waves no memorial yew.
Nor parting friends there wept a long adieu ! "
OXONIENSIS.
COLONEL THOMAS RAINSBOROCGH killed in
Doncaster, October 29th, 1648. — Can any reader
of " N. & Q." give me references to sources of in-
formation, fuller or lesser, concerning this "re-
nowned Commander" as he is designated in
Brooks's funeral sermon ? I am specially desir-
ous to have light upon his career while Vice-Ad-
miral of the Fleet. r.
THE SHRINE OP ST. PALLADIUS, OB PALDT, AT
FOBDOUN. — Archbishop Spottiswoode (Hist, of
the Church of Scotland, vol. i. p. 13, Bannatyne
Club edition, Edinb. 1850), having mentioned
from Boetius that William Schewe, Archbishop
of St. Andrews, had caused the relics of St. Pul-
ladius to be honourably deposited in a silver
shrine at Fordoun in 1494, adds that, "at the de-
molishing of the churches," by which he means
the Scottish Reformation, the shrine was "taken
up by a gentleman of good rank, who dwelt near
3"* S. II. SEPT. 27, '62.]
NOTES AND QUEKIES.
249
that place. The people of the country," he adds,
" observing the decay which followed in that
family not many years after, ascribed the same to
the violation of Palladius's grave."
What was the family whose decay is here al-
luded to ? J. H. TODD.
Trin. Coll. Dublin.
MB. JOHN LOCK.MAN. — Would any reader of
" N. & Q." be so obliging as to favour us with a
biography of this gentleman ? who was author of
a " History of England by question and answer,"
which he dedicated to Arthur Onslow, the Speaker;
and which, as a school-book, ran through a host
of editions with myriads of exemplars. He was
also distinguished for some of his translations of
epigrams and short pieces from the French of
L'Abbe de Chaulieu ; to which he gave la pointe,
et le tour d esprit, with singular felicity. _ Many
of these appeared in the different periodicals of
the time. I glean from one of these, that he was
a native of the adjoining village of Petersham.
In the London Magazine (vol. iv. p. 41, 1735),
there is an imitation of Chaulieu's : —
" O Fontenay ! * lieu delicieux,
Oil je vis d'abord la lumiere," etc. —
which is rendered by Lockman : —
" O Petersham ! delightful spot," &c.
The mention of Chaulieu induces me to relate
an anecdote of Danton, who fell by le tribunal
revolutionnaire, the victim of Robespierre. Dan-
ton had the genius of Mirabeau, with full as much
perverseness and also unparalleled courage ; for
when the sentence, "/a mart" was being pro-
nounced upon him, unawed, he sat coolly reading
an ode of Chaulieu — " Sur 1'Imagtnation," the
15th stanza of which was not unappropriate to his
desperate situation. As the CEuvres de fAbbe de
Chaulieu are scarcely to be met with in this
country, unless they may be in the British Mu-
seum, perhaps a transcript of the lines I allude
to may be acceptable : —
" Mais qu'a done tant h, se plaindre,
Qui sait me'priser la mort;
Et qui, bien loin de la craindre,
La regarde corame un port ?
C'est comme je 1'envisage,
Et 1'attends tranquillement ;
Tout ce qui fait 1'homme sage,
N'est que le dernier moment."
*.
Richmond, Surrey.
[John Lockman was born in 1698, but of his early days
no particulars are recorded. He was such an amiable,
inoffensive man, that the wits of his time called him The
Lamb. The only time he deviated from the gentleness
* Fontenay le-Comte, ville de France, dep. de la
Vende'e.
of this animal, was when Cooke, the translator of Hesiod,
abused his poetry to his face. " It may be so," retorted
Lockman, " but, thank God, my name is not at full length
in The Dunciad." In conversation he had some humour,
but his attempts to excite merriment on paper were
wretchedly unsuccessful. Being a man of much literary
industry, especially as a translator, he frequently went to
court to present his poems to the royal family ; and after
he became Secretary to the British Herring-Fishery,
tendered to the same illustrious personages presents of
pickled-herrings together with his small literary ware ;
all which, both poems and herrings, he took care to in-
form the public "were most graciously received." He
was one of the writers engaged on The General Dic-
tionary, and was abo concerned in several translations
and compilations. He died much lamented at his house
in Brownlow Street, Long Acre, on Feb. 2, 1771. A list
of his productions is given in Watt's Bibliotheca. Consult
also "N. & Q..," 2«"i S. xi. 102.]
MARQUIS OF ANGLESEY'S LEG. — By whom was
the epitaph on the leg of the Marquis Anglesey
written ? I am unable to meet with it, and should
therefore feel much obliged if the Editor of
" N. & Q." would either insert it, or refer me to a
source where it may be found. The leg is, I
think, buried in the garden of an inn near the
field of Waterloo. OXONIENSIS.
[Among the curiosities of Waterloo, to the examina-
tion of which the most strenuous persuasion is used to
invite the passing stranger, is the grave of the late Mar-
quis of Anglesey's leg, the house in which it was cut off,
and where the boot belonging to it is preserved ! The owner
of the house to whose share this relic has fallen finds it
a most lucrative source of revenue, and will, in spite of
the absurdity of the thing, probably bequeath it to his
children as a valuable property. He has interred the leg
most decorously within a coffin, under a weeping-willow,
and has honoured it with a monument, and the following
epitaph : —
" Ci est enterre' la Jambe
de 1'illustre et vaillant comte Uxbridge,
Lieutenant-Gene'ral de S. M. Britannique,
Commandant en chef la cavalerie anglaise, beige, et hol-
landaise, blesse' le 18 juin, 1815,
k la memorable bataille de Waterloo ;
qui, par son he'roi'sme, a concouru au triomphe de la cause
du genre humain ;
glorieusement decidee par 1'e'clatante victoire
du dit jour."
Some rollicking wag scribbled an infamous couplet be-
neath the inscription : —
" Here lies the Marquis of Anglesey's limb ;
The Devil will have the remainder of him."
More apposite are the following lines, which went the
round of the papers at the time : —
" On reading the Description of the tomb erected to the
Memory of the Marquis of Anglesey's Leg.
" He, now in England, just as gay
As in the battle brave,
Goes to the rout, review, or play,
With one foot in the grave.
" Fortune indulged a harmless whim ;
Since he could walk with one,
She saw two legs were lost on him,
Who never deigns to run."]
250
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. SEPT. 27, '62.
" MEMORIAL OF TUB CHURCH OF ENGLAND." — I
have a small quarto pamphlet printed at " Lon-
don, in the year 1705," called " The Memorial of
the Church of England, humbly ofier'd to the
consideration of all true lovers of our church and
communion ; " which has a MS. note stating that
the book, when first published, was ordered to be
publicly burnt, and was burnt, by the common
hangman. Who was its author, and what were
the circumstances of its issue ?
FREDERICK GEORGE LEE, F.S.A.
Aberdeen, N.B.
[Few pamphlets occasioned a greater sensation in their
day than The Memorial of the Church of England, 1705.
It was noticed by Queen Anne in her speech to parlia-
ment; proscribed by both Houses of Parliament; con-
demned to be burnt by the grand jury of Middlesex in
the presence of the court, and again before the Royal Ex-
change; moreover a reward of 1000/. was offered for
the discovery of the author. The unlucky printer, David
Edwards, in bis examination, stated that a woman in a
mask, with another barefaced, brought him the manu-
script, and ordered 350 copies to be printed, which he
delivered to four porters of their own ; but from this
"cock and bull story" the Secretary of State found it
was impossible to fix it with certainty upon any one. It
was, however, the production of James Drake, M.D.,
assisted by Mr. Pooley.'the member for Ipswich, to whom
he was indebted for the legal information it contains.
Drake was certainly a man of learning and abilities, and
at this time finding that the repeated failure of the bill
against Occasional Conformity in the House of Lords
greatly incensed the Church party, published The Memo-
rial, which may be regarded as a precursor of those ser-
mons of Sacheverell, which, a few years after, convulsed
the three kingdoms. The Memorial was reprinted in
1711, with an Introductory Preface containing the Life of
the Author ; but the most accurate account of him and his
writings will be found in Dr. Munk's Roll of the College of
Physicians, ii. 16. Dr. Drake seems to have possessed
qualifications for more permanent fame, as a scholar, a
physician, and a man of genius, than that of an ephemeral
writer on politics.]
ARCHBISHOP TILLOTSON. — I am desirous to
know the author of the following remarkable trac-
tate : —
" The Charge of Socinianism against Dr. Tillotson con-
sidered. In Examination of some Sermons he has lately
published on purpose to clear himself from that imputa-
tion. By way of a Dialogue betwixt F., a friend of Dr.
T.'s, and C. a Catholic Christian. To which is added
Reflections upon second of Dr. Burnet's four Discourses,
concerning the Divinity and Death of Christ. Printed,
169-1. To which is likewise annexed a Supplement upon
occasion of a History of Religion lately published sup-
posed to be wrote by Sir R H d. Wherein like-
wise Charles Blount's Great Diana is considered; and
both compar'd with Dr. Tillotson's Sermons. By a True
Son of the Church." Edinburgh : Printed MDCXCV, 4to,
pp. 33.
My copy bears the autograph of W. C. Hazlitt,
with this note, " This tract on Tillotson is ex-
tremely uncommon." r.
[This remarkable treatise is by Charles Leslie, a non-
" "Leslie," says Dr. Johnson, " was a reasoner, and
a reasoner who was not to be reasoned against." Though
zealous against Romanism as such, and against
James's unconstitutional measures. Leslie could not recon-
cile his conscience to the oaths to William and Mary, and so
became a nonjuror, of which party he was one of the chief
literary and theological supports and ornaments. Tillot-
son had printed 1'our Sermons to clear himself of the
charge of Sociuianiam, which drew forth the above trac-
tate from Leslie. Dr. Ilickes, speaking of Leslie's pro-
duction, says, " In it will be found that Dr. Tsllot.ioif s
vindication of himself is but a shuffling vindication,
which hatli much of Arian cunning and reserve in it."
Cf. Some Discourse* upon Dr. Burnet and Dr. Tillotson,
Sfc., p. 54, 1795, 4to : and Birch's Life of Abp. Till.
edit. 1753, p. 296. The supposed author of a Ul\iun/ <>f
Religion, alluded to in the title-page, is Sir Robert
Howard.]
DOLL. — When was this word first introduced
into our language ? I find a Puritan divine, in
1655, speaking of children " playing with their
babies." I should be glad to have an example of
" doll" in this 'sense of earlier date. r.
[Cooper (Lot. Die., 1573) renders O capitulum Ir/riilis-
siiiuim of Terence, " 0 pleasaunt companion : O little
pretie Doll polle." Drydeu translates Pujxz, in Persius,
"Baby-Toys;" and in a note says, that "those Baby-
Toys were little Babies, or Poppets, as we call them ;"
whence (says Richardson) "it seems that the name of
Doll was not in general use." The introduction of fashions
from Paris by means of a wooden mademoiselle, or jointed
baby, is the subject of an amusing letter in the 277th
number of The Spectator, dated Jan. 17, 1711-12, in
which the superior fancy and elegance of the French modes
is exemplified in various points. In the Gent. Mag. for
Sept. 1751, p. 426, we read that "several dolls, with different
dresses, made in St. James's Street, are sent to the Cza-
rina, to show the manner of dressing at present in fashion
among the English ladies." Knox, in his Essay* (No.
36), published in 1777, says that " they who live only to
display a pretty face, without one domestic or social vir-
tue, can scarcely rank higher than a painted doll, or a
block-head placed with a cap on it, in a milliner's win-
dow."]
INSCRIPTION. — I have been asked to interpret
the following remarkable collection of words, syl-
lables, and letters ; but as all my efforts at solving
the enigma have hitherto been unavailing, I am
induced to look for help to the readers of
" N. & Q-," and I hope that my appeal may not
be made in vain : —
R. S. D. D. Hippolito
CaL Fior. Fondat Delia
Gong. Delia D. O.
Surely I have not been puzzling over anything of
the nature of "Bill Stumps, his mark ! "
ST. SWITHIN.
[We beg leave to suggest one or two slight emenda-
tions in this inscription, and would read it thus : —
R. S. D. D. Hippolito
Gal. Fior. Fondat. Delia
Cong. Delia D. C.
That is,
Reverendo Servo Di Dio Hippolito
Galantini Florentine Fondatore Delia
Congregazione Delia Dottrina Cristiana.
This will be found to correspond almost verbatim with
3rd S. II. SEPT. 27, '62.]
NOTES AND QUEKIES.
251
part of the title of a work published at Rome in 1721.
We italicise the part in question : —
" Vita del ven. servo di Dio Ippolito Galantini Fioren-
tino Fondatore delta Congregazione di S. Francesco della
Dottrma Cristiana in Fioreuza, Scritta da Dionisio Bal-
docci Nigetti Fiorentino."]
GOLDSMITH AND MALAGRIDA. — There is an anec-
dote of Goldsmith : that sitting at the theatre by
the Earl of Shelburne, he said to him that he
wondered his enemies should call him Malagrida,
for Malagrida was a good man. Can you tell me,
1. Whether the Earl of Shelburne really was the
nobleman in question ? 2. Who Malagrida was ?
3. Where the anecdote is to be found ?
W. L. S.
["He (Johnson) said Goldsmith's blundering speech
to Lord Shelburne, which has been so often mentioned,
and which he really did make to him, was only a blunder
in emphasis — 'I wonder they should call your Lordship
Malagrida, for Malagrida was a very good man,' meant
I wonder they should use Malagrida as a term of re-
proach." (See Boswell, Murray, one-vol. edition, p. 716.)
The story is also told in the same volume, p. 643, note, in
an extract of a letter from Beauclerk.
Malagrida was the celebrated Portuguese Jesuit of that
name, who was implicated in that conspiracy against
Joseph I. which ultimately led to the expulsion of the
Jesuits from Portugal. He was executed on the 20th
Sept. 1761.]
POEM ON WILLIAM RUFCS, BY W. S. ROSE. —
I have met with the following stanza, but have
been unable to discover the poem from which it is
taken. Can you inform me whether the poem
was ever published, or only printed for private
circulation : —
" The Red King lies in Malwood Keep ;
To drive the deer o'er lawn and steep,
He 's bound him with the morn ;
His steeds are swift, his hounds are good,
The like, in covert or high wood,
Were never cheer'd with horn."
T. FLETCHER.
[The beautiful ballad of " The Red King " is appended
to William Stewart Rose's translation of Partenopex de
Blois, a Romance in verse from the French of M. Le
Grand, 4to, 1808. This ballad is quoted in the Edinburgh
Review, xiii. 425.]
LILLY'S GRAMMAR. — Is anything known of
Thomas Robinson, who wrote the Qua genus, or
" Rules for Nouns Heteroclite," of Lilly's Gram-
mar ? And why was this small portion assigned
to him, since the entire remainder of the grammar
appears to be the work of Lilly himself? M. D.
[Thomas Robertson (sometimes called Robinson") was
an eminent grammarian, educated at Queen's College and
Magdalen College, Oxford. During the reign of Queen
Mary he was made Dean of Durham, but refused to take
the oath of supremacy to Queen Elizabeth. He died
about 15GO. In 1532, he printed a commentary on the
rules which Lilly wrote in verse, and added Qute Genus,
and the versifying rules, with a dedication to Bishop
Longland. An account of Robertson and his works will
be found in Wood's Athena;, by Bliss, i. 320.]
ESSAYS ON ASSURANCE.
(3rd S. ii. 165.)
Life assurance is not a "lively" subject, and
does not admit of frequent illustration which is both
" startling " and " accurate." Mr. Francis's An-
nals of Life Assurance is said, by the author of the
Handbook presently mentioned, to be the work to
which he always turns for the " romance " of the
subject. I have skimmed this book, and can tes-
tify to its collecting all I know of the startling,
and more. I know from the History of the Sank
of England, by the same author, with which I am
better acquainted, that he has a turn for the col-
lection of the startling. This of course would
infer that accuracy must not be easily taken for
granted ; but I know of nothing to impeach it in
his case, which can be supposed due to himself.
The periodicals devoted to Life Assurance con-
tain little to which the whole of the required de-
scription applies. The Life Assurance Record, the
single volume of which was completed in 1848,
never startled me but once. On turning the page, I
found a poetical advertisement of the advantages
of assurance which I think worth quoting : —
" THE WIDOW AND ORPHAN'S FRIEND.
" When God removed Papa to Heaven,
And Ma was left to strive for seven,
With scarce enough for burial fees
(So lingering was poor Pa's disease) :
Though full of grief, we'd no despair,
Relations spoke so kind and fair.
Our Grandpa said that he, for one,
Would think and see what could be done.
Our uncle William and our aunt
Hoped we would never come to want ;
But mother's brothers talked the best, —
A great deal kinder than the rest.
They said that home they'd take us all,
Only their rooms were few and small.
We'd promises from uncle Page,
To push us forward when of age.
They then went home, — but stop, I miss —
They gave us every one — a kiss :
And said, ' Be good, and mind Mamma,
And we will be to you— Papa ! '
So much engaged were they at home,
For many weeks they could not come ;
Until they heard Mamma had found
A writing for five hundred pound ;
Which some Insurance Office paid,
So Ma commenced a genteel trade.
And then they came— it seemed so funny —
To beg Mamma to lend them money !
But Ma said — 'No! if you are poor,
A trifle will your life insure ;
And then the Office (our Lest friend),
Whenever your good life shall end,
Will comfort to your orphans send.' "
The most startling production I ever met with
was an Assurance Almanac, published about fifteen
years ago. Every almanac takes a line, and the
line this almanac took was eating. This was an
252
NOTES AND QUERIES.
. IL SEPT. 27, '62.
excellent subject for a work, encouraged, as the
almanac was, by various assurance companies ; for
the misuse of the stomach turns more policies into
claims than all the other modes'of conversion put
together. But any one would have supposed tnat
this almanac was put forth at the instigation of
annuity offices. It was a register and reminder of
every unwholesome feat of cookery ; and the most
killing dishes, as they came into season, were as
prominently set forth as the most killing flies in a
fisherman's year-book.
The Assurance Record gave rise, after an in-
terval, to the Assurance 'Magazine, which com-
menced in September, 1850, and still continues.
Though containing a very large quantity of valu-
able investigation, it has but little of the amusing.
But your correspondent's question, so far as con-
cerns the best mixture of the startling and ac-
curate, is answered by The Insurance Guide and
Handbook, 1857, published by Pateman, Post
Magazine Office, Wine-Office Court, Fleet Street.
I do not know the author's name. The work is
written expressly for the agents rof Assurance
Offices. It is but rarely professional above ordi-
nary knowledge, and contains a mass of fact and
anecdote put together in a manner which entitles
the author to the thanks of all who are interested
in the subject. A. DB MORGAN.
Insurance literature has become of late years a
very wide subject. Numerous productions of
very various orders of merit, on the subject of
Life and Fire Insurance, are constantly issued ;
most of them, probably, for the benefit of a much
larger circle of readers than of purchasers.
In the first place, nearly every manager of an
insurance office, of the younger and more pushing
school, publishes a pamphlet on the subject for
the special use of the agents of his Company, as
an asssistance to them in canvassing for policies.
To mention a few : Why is not Life Assurance
Universal f by Mr. Lake, of the " British Nation"
Office ; a Treatise on Life Assurance, by the late
Mr. Hillman, of the " Star ; " a small narrative
pamphlet by Mr. Messent, of the " Briton ;" What
is Life Assurance f by Mr. Jenkin Jones of the
" National Mercantile ;" On the Nature and Value
of Life Policies, by Mr. Robertson of the " Scot-
tish Indisputable;" a pamphlet by Mr. F. G.
Smith, of the " Scottish Union," &c. These are
all well stored with startling and (more or less)
accurate illustrations of the importance of life
assurance, though of course with a special view to
the peculiar privileges afforded by each writer's
office. Thus, Mr. Messent's pamphlet enlarges on
the advantage of the plan of "payment during
life," put forth by the "Briton" Society; and
Mr. Robertson's work is an elaborate legal Trea-
tise on Indisputability.
A second class of assurance publications con-
sists of those written by outsiders for the use of
such managers as are not disposed to issue original
works. Among these occur to me : Life Assur-
ance Leaflets, by H. R. Sharman ; The Life Agenfs
Vude Mecum, by J. B. Langley ; the Insurance
Guide and Handbook, by Mr. Walfonl, now of the
" Unity " Office ; the Insurance Agent's Ansistniit,
by G. Currie ; and many others. Mr. Shannan's
handbills and tracts are cleverly- written app
and narratives in favour of life assurance. Mr.
Walford's book is a valuable and comprehensive
treatise of 440 pages.
There are also works of a higher character,
which combine an appeal to popular circulation,
with some degree of scientific value : such as a
Treatise on Life Assurance, by Mr. Scratchley of
the "Western" Society ; a Life Assurance Manual,
by P. A. Eagle ; W. T. Thomson on Life Assur-
ance ; and others. Mr. Scratchley's work, be-
sides happy mathematical investigations, contains
instances of premature decease in sound lives,
remarks on the moral urgency of assurance, &c.
Some of the publications above-mentioned would
probably meet the requirements of TBISTIS ; but
the student of insurance would have to consult
many others.
On the history of insurance, there are the works
of Pocock, Francis, (Annals of Insurance, an in-
teresting collection of anecdotes and legends con-
nected with the early days of assurance specula-
tion), Life Assurance, its Schemes, Difficulties, and
Abuses, a powerful anonymous description of the
swindling concerns set on foot some years ago ;
and others. Your correspondent, MB. HENDBIKS,
has also made important contributions to this
branch of the subject.
On the law of insurance : Beaumont and Bun-
yon, both valuable treatises. Mr. Bunyon's is a
complete and able exposition of the law bearing
on the subject ; but so many new statutes have
been passed since its publication, that another
edition is necessary, which I should be glad to
hear that Mr. Bunyon was engaged in producing.
As to tables of mortality : — Dr. Price, based
on the Northampton law ; Milne, on the Carlisle ;
Davies, on the experience of the Equitable So-
ciety ; John Finlaison, on the Government An-
nuity returns ; Jones, on the experience of
seventeen London offices ; the 5th, 12th, and 20th
Reports of the Registrar- General, containing the
English Life Tables, Nos. 1 and 2 ; Mr. Sheppard
Homans, of New York, on the experience of the
" Mutual" Society there ; and the interesting
theoretical laws of Mr. Gompertz and Mr. Ed-
monds.
As to the mathematical principles of Life In-
surance : Arthur Morgan, Francis Baily, Griffith
Davies, Peter Hardy, PROFESSOR DE MOHGAK
(who is well known to the readers of " N. & Q.")>
and many others.
3^ S. II. SEPT. 27, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
253
For useful working tables : the late David Jones,
of the " Universal" Office, whose invaluable work,
published by the Useful Knowledge Society, re-
mains the most useful and convenient of any ;
Peter Gray, Tables of Survivorships ; Todd, In-
vestigation Tables ; M'Kean ; Willich, Popular
Tables, a very compendious and useful volume ;
and numerous others.
The Institute of Actuaries publishes a quarterly
journal ; containing many valuable mathematical
papers by Mr. Jellicoe, its President, and other
accomplished members. And there are several
weekly periodicals, more or less devoted to in-
surance information. The Prospectuses of many
of the Companies contain a large amount of useful
detail ; and some of them, particularly those of
the Scottish Offices, are got up with wonderful
taste and elegance. That of the "North British"
Company, for the creamy richness of the toned
paper, and the beauty of the printing, strikes me
as the best I have seen.
The States of New York and Massachusetts,
in America, carry the doctrine of government
interference into the transactions of Assurance
Companies to a much greater extent than would
be tolerated in England ; and in consequence, in
the annual reports of the official inspectors, there
are very interesting and important documents.
A yearly valuation of the whole affairs of every
Company is made by the inspector, and pub-
lished. And it may be mentioned that, on testing
the condition of some English. Companies doing
business in the States by this means, they were
found wanting; and their entering into further
contracts for assurance in America was at once
prohibited.
I have endeavoured to give as complete an
answer to the querist as I could, but possibly
some works are omitted equally worthy of men-
tion with those I have named. Nearly all of them
may be procured at Layton's, 150, Fleet Street,
who are Insurance Booksellers.
JOB J. BARDWELL WORKABD, M.A.
SWIFT v. WAGSTAFFE.
(3rd S. i. 381 ; ii. 34.)
My letter (3rd S. i. 381) was a reply, by antici-
pation, to MR. CROSSLEY (ii. 34). That gentle-
man states the case in favour of Wagstaffe as I
found it, and as it had passed current for more
than a hundred years. His authorities I showed
were no authorities, and traced them all up to the
anonymous biography prefixed to the Wagstaffe
volume.
MR. CROSSLEY thinks the hypothesis strange,
almost incredible. I thought so too, and therefore
it was that I drew attention to the subject. I still
think it strange, though less incredible, now^that
MR. CROSSLEY, with a sensible distrust of it, and a
nearly complete collection of all the pamphlets
published between 1711 and 1718 at his command,
has not found one single fact tending to disprove
it — not one "independent testimony" in favour
of the Wagstaffe theory.
MR. CROSSLEY observes that not more than
fifteen years— 1711 to 1726— passed between the
publication of the first tract and the republication
in the volume ; and he asks : —
" Were all the contemporaries, friends of Dr. Wagstaffe,
and acquainted with his early habits and character, or
who were conversant in the history of the press and its
workings during the latter years of Queen Anne, utterly
perished from the face of the earth, so as to afford an
opportunity of dealing with the deceased doctor's ante-
cedents in any way which the whim of the most whimsical
humourists might dictate without fear or scruple? "
The humourists would not so often have mysti-
fied the public, if they had not anticipated and
provided against such very natural questions.
Has MR. CROSSLEY forgotten what the memoir-
writer tells us — all the tracts were originally
"published without a name " — that the Doctor
"never did intend it should be known who wrote
them." Under these circumstances I see no ne-
cessity for this fearful mortality. The wonder I
expressed (3rd S. i. 381) seems to me more natu-
ral ; as did another wonder I then recorded, that
all the important tracts published were published
by Swift's publisher ; and were all written be-
tween 1711 and 1714, while Swift was in London,
carrying on his fierce literary and political war-
fare, and not one after Swift went to Ireland,
though Wagstaffe continued to live in London for
ten years — up to 1724 or 1725.
The hypothesis, MR. CROSSLEY says, " must fall
through, if any of the pieces contained in the
volume are clearly shown to be Wagstaffe's."
Here again he seems greatly to underrate the
skill of the artists. I, on the contrary, assumed
(3rd S. i. 383) as " not improbable, and very much
after the fashion of the Scriblerians," that they
had " introduced some trifles" written by others
"into the Wagstaffe volume as a misleading
light " — written by Wagstaffe, if MR. CROSSLEY
pleases, after he has shown that Wagstaffe ever
wrote a line on any literary or political subject.
However, we are agreed that " the misleading
lights " I named, have none of " the distinctive
characteristics" of Swift; and therefore, as I
said, were probably not written by Swift — not by
the same person who wrote Toby's Character of
Steele, The Memoirs of Charity Hush, or The
Story of the St. Albaris Ghost. Here, however,
we differ ; for MR. CROSSLEY sees none of Swift's
characteristics even in Toby's Letter. Be it so ;
I never dispute about mere opinions, and mine
are on record, with curious facts to strengthen
them, of which MR. CROSSLEY takes no notice.
254
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. IL SEPT. 27, '62.
I shall, therefore, only observe that Steele himself
agreed with me ; that the Character was at-
tributed to Swift in 1728 in Gulliveriana, and re-
printed in the edition of Swift's Works by Sir
Walter Scott, who remarks in reference to the
disputed authorship, that " it must be allowed to
contain some strokes of Swift's peculiar humour."
MB. CROSSLEY proceeds to show that the
" Letter from the facetious Dr. Andrew Tripe, at
Bath," has marks of having been written " by a
member of the medical profession." Why, I said
so : called it " a medical satire ;" observed, which
is more to the purpose, that it was published many
years later than the other tracts in the volume,
and just when the Scriblerians were at open war
with Dr. Woodward, and suggested that it was
probably written by Dr. Arbuthnot. Further, I
drew attention to the curious and significant fact,
that the " Letter from the facetious Dr. Andrew
Tripe, at Bath," the medical satire, published in
the Wagstaffe volume, was a wholly different
work from the " Letter from the facetious Dr.
Andrew Tripe, at Bath," the satire on Steele. I
also pointed out the ingenious use which has been
made by the Scriblerians of this re-publication
of the medical satire; for they took occasion to
warn the public against the rascally Grub Street
people ; who, among other misdeeds, charge them
with writing works actually owned by others ;
and, among illustrations, refer to " a pamphlet
by Dr. Andrew Tripe, which proved to be one Dr.
Wagstaffe." Those who agree with ME. CROSS-
LEY must believe that the Scriblerians, though
they knew of the publication of this obscure
volume, by " one Dr. Wagstaffe " — knew the con-
tents of the volume — did not know Wagstaffe
himself; did not know that the Tripe Letter,
which they were accused of having written, was
published in 1714, and addressed to Nestor Iron-
sides, the name under which Steele wrote The
Guardian ; whereas the other was not published
before 1719 or 1720, and was addressed to "the
profound Greshamite," Dr. Woodward. I wish
your correspondent would concern himself with
facts like these and others pointed out in my
letter. Has he, for instance, among his collection
of pamphlets, a copy of the original Letter ad-
dressed to the Greshamite ? And does it contain
the amusing Appendix promised in the title-page
of the reprint, but not given f
I said nothing in my former letter about the
portrait prefixed to the Toby pamphlet, and can
say nothing now ; for, in truth, I do not under-
stand MR. CHOSSLEY'S argument. I certainly never
supposed that it was a portrait of anybody ; but
a vcra effigies such as the great master of this sort
of matter-of-fact fiction, De Foe, occasionally
made use of to mystify his public — with a
touch of satire superadded. One word, however,
on this point, to avoid future difference : — MR.
CROSSLEY speaks of the plate in the volume as of
a re-issue. I believe it to be a new engraving.
MR. CROSSLEY should not forget, that strange
as the hypothesis may be, it is not more strange
than some known facts. It is not ten years since
most persons believed that the first edition of The
Dunciad was published in Dublin : it is not half
that time since all believed that the Swift Letters
were first published there, and published by
Swift. D. S. A.
THE FAMILY OF THE BOWLES'S, TUE \Y E
KNOWN PRINTSELLEBS.
(3'" S. ii. 145.)
I am much interested to know all about tlie
Bowles's, who for upwards of a century were
celebrated publishers and vendors of prints. Old
John Bowles, " at ye Black Horse in Cornhill,
opposite ye Stocks Market," was in business as
early at least as 1 720 ; and at the same date I
find Thomas Bowles " in St. Paul's Churchyard."
A few years later the latter name is changed for
that of Carington Bowles, which was continued
down to the first thirty years of the present cen-
tury. The well-known prints which used to adorn
the windows of Bowles & Carver's shop at the
corner of Paul's Alley, in St. Paul's Churchyard,
must be in the recollection of many of the readers
of "N. & Q." " Death and the Lady," a figure
half skeleton, half female ; " Keep within Com-
pass," a beau with cocked hat, scarlet coat, &c.,
standing between the two legs of a pair of com-
passes ; " A Scene at Bagnigge Wells," two hand-
somely dressed females promenading in the gardens
of this once famous place of amusement ; " Mr.
Deputy Dumpling and Family," a fat old gentle-
man, his wife &c., in the quaint costume of a
century and a half ago, taking their Sunday walk ;
and many others, the remembrance of which has
passed away, but which in my boyisk days were
often the subjects of wonder and admiration.
Old John Bowles of the " Black Horse " was a
money-getting patron of the arts, who realised a
fortune from the brains of others.* He used to
boast that he bought some of the early engravings
upon copper of the inimitable Hogarth at so much
a pound. Bindley had a whimsical caricature in
which he was characteristically introduced super-
intending the engraving of a plate. Pyne, in his
Wine aiid Walnuts (ii. 136) thus describes it : —
[* Jonathan Eade, Esq. of Stoke Newington, the owner
of the manor of Highbury, married Margaret, only daugh-
ter of John Bowles of Cornhill, printseller, and after-
wards of Stoke Newington, and had issue three sons,
Jonathan Bowles, William, and Joseph, and seven or
eight daughters. Mr. Eade died on Sept. 26, 1811. aged
sixty-live. — See Lewis's Isliiiyton, p. 71. An int>
notice of John Bowles, Barrister at Law, (ob. 1819), son
of the printseller, will bo found in Britton's History of
Batlt Abbey Church, 8vo, 1825, p. 215.— ED.]
3rd S. II. SEPT. 27, '62.]
NOTES AND QUEBIES.
255
" Jack Laguerre was holding the blankets over a
newly-engraved plate, to take a proof, whilst Bowles was
in the act of pulling the lever of the press, and Crispin
Tucker, kindling the charcoal fire, with his lips pouched
out, like those of a black-moor, blowing the French-horn.
Old Bowles's exclamation, when a plate was in hand,
was bite it deep; in allusion to which a label from his
mouth is inscribed ' Jack ! is it black ? ' to which the
artist answers, 'Black as your muzzle, 'twill print as
many as the Mint.' (Old Bowles was nick-named Black
Jack.) Crispin, at the same time he is blowing the sparks
of the charcoal, exclaims, ' There is no more warmth in
the coal than in the Cornhill flint ; ' a fourth head is
introduced in shadow behind a door, peeping in, from
which also issues a label inscribed —
' Go tramp this griping city round,
Go take the Crier's bell,
Go cry, 0-yez ! a wight is found,
Who treats the artists well ! !
' Who takes a Black Horse for his sign,
He being a driving man ;
A rogue in the print-selling line;
Show me his match who can !
« Whose muzzle black and brazen front,
Will never change, depend upon't,
Until a greater Jew be found,
To buy engraving by the pound ! '
So says Guglielmus, the copper-scratcher.' "
Thomas Bowles, of St. Paul's Churchyard, was
a brother of " Black Horse " Bowles, at least so
I have been informed ; but I should be glad of
any early particulars of the family. Towards
the latter part of the last century, Henry Caring-
ton Bowles, Esq., F.S.A., married the sister of
Daniel Garnault, Esq., of the manor of Gold-
beaters, Enfield, which estate subsequently be-
came his property. It descended to his son, the
late Mr. II. C. Bowles, and is now the property
of his nephew, Mr. H. C. B. Bowles. The house is
named in honor of Sir Hugh Myddelton, who
had a residence near the spot. The Manor of
Goldbeaters was purchased in 1724 by Michael
Garnault, who died in 1746. It descended to
Aime Garnault, who died in 1782, and then to
the before-mentioned Daniel.
EDWARD F. RJMBAULT.
TURNSPIT DOGS.
(3rd S. ii. 149.)
Thirty years ago, the kitchen of nearly every re-
spectable house in Haverfordwest possessed a dog-
wheel and a turnspit dog. There was no other way
of roasting meat, saving that of the kitchen-maid
turning a spit placed on andirons, as roasting-
jacks had not then penetrated into this far-away
region. In those days, we were thirty-six hours
distant from London : now, eight hours will bring
us within view of the metropolis. I remember
two turnspit dogs in the possession of a friend, a
clergyman resident in the city of St. David's.
They had to work in the wheel on alternate days ;
and as meat was not roasted every day, some days
would elapse without the services of a turnspit
being required. Yet each dog knew well when
it fell to his turn to occupy the wheel ; and if the
cook did not lock him up before she began to
prepare her meat for roasting, he infallibly3 made
his escape. In that case, the other dog had to
take his place ; and he would lie down in the
wheel, and howl dismally, in expression of his
sense of the injustice with which he was treated.
If the cook locked up the proper dog, the other
one took no notice of the culinary preparations,
excepting by significant wags of his tail and
lickings of his lips, indicative of his extreme satis-
faction at the prospect of dinner.
JOHN PAVIN PHILLIPS.
Haverfordwest.
Perhaps the readers of " N. & Q.," and espe-
cially those who are interested in Gloucestershire,
may like to know that two turnspit wheels at
least still exist in that county. There may be
more, but these two I have recently seen. One is
at Wick Court, about seven miles from Bristol : a
house of which a beautiful engraving, by Kip, is
in Sir Robert Atkyns's Gloucestershire. The
stately gardens which that view shows are effaced ;-
and there are other signs of decay in and about
the house. But the dogs' wheel remained in the
kitchen a few years since. The other is at St.
Briavel's Castle, on the edge of the county, on
the left bank of the Wye. I saw this in 1856.
The wheels have a high side to keep the dog in ;
and stand against the wall at a height from the
floor, which allows a person to lift a dog into
them easily. I put my dog into the wheel at J3t.
Briavel's ; but whether it was that the wheel
would not turn easily or at all, or that my dog
felt that he was not of a turnspit family, he re-
fused to move, and laid himself down in the
wheel : so that I had to take him down, without
the gratification of seeing a wheel in motion.
D. P.
Stuarts Lodge, Malvern Wells.
I well remember seeing at St. Briavel's, near
Tintern, in the habitable part of the castle, a
wooden turnspit wheel, which was in use. I did
not see the turner thereof; but was informed by
his master, that the old dog was in the habit of
quietly slipping out of the house at the approach
of strangers, fearing lest he should be called upon
to do extra duty for their gratification : a great
proof, were any needed, of canine wisdom. This
was about the year 1844.
W. J. BERNHARD SMITH.
Temple.
There was a genial old Fellow of Magdalen in
my undergraduate days at Oxford — now, alas!
more than thirty years ago — who was a bit of a
256
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'd S. 1L SEPT. 27, '62.
Jacobite in spite of his college, and had a picture
of the Pretender conspicuously displayed in his
rooms. It was given him, he used tell us, by a
lady of the same political persuasion, who deemed
him worthy of inheriting it, and of whom he was
invariably in the habit of informing us that " she
had a little turn-spit dog."
A friend of mine from the North of England,
inspired, I think, by the doctor's story and his
port wine, once told me of a certain great house
in Northumberland, — Brancepeth Castle, if I do
not forget, — where turn-spit dogs had been in
constant request up to our own times, receiving,
virtute officii, the hereditary name of " Wheeler."
On one great occasion dinner was unaccountably
delayed, and the lady of the house having im-
patiently rung the bell to ascertain the cause, was
informed — " Please, Ma'am, Wheeler's pupping ! "
C. W. B.
SHAKSPERIANA : THE PALL BEARER (3rd S. ii.
188.) — " Timeo Danaosetdonaferentes." I am sus-
picious of Americans, even when their stories seem
to elucidate the funeral of Shakspeare. Taking
it for granted that some memorial at Fredericks-
burg may exist, such as ESTE describes, there
would be difficulty at once in reconciling dates.
The pall-bearer died in 1618, aet. 76 ; Shakspeare,
April 23rd, 1616, ergo the pall-bearer was 74
when he assisted in the funeral ceremony at Strat-
ford-on-Avon, and after that must have gone to
settle in America. This is so improbable as to be
scarcely credible without further explanation.
Moreover, we ought to have proof from ocular
inspection, that the said tombstone is standing at
Fredericksburg, with the said inscription on it.
Until this evidence has been produced I shall be
of the same opinion as ESTE, that the story may
be only an American hoax. By the way, where
does hoax come from ? The word is not to be found
in Johnson's Dictionary.* QUEEN'S GARDENS.
WIGS (3rd S. ii. 168.)— Is not James I. painted
in a wig ? Queen Elizabeth wore a wig in her
latter day» ; Mary Queen of Scots did the same.
F. C. B.
THE GLOVER FAMILY (3rd S. i. 182.)— I am
sprry I cannot give S. M. S. any information re-
garding the Lady Ann Glover, but I can give
him some respecting her issue. In the old register
of Willesdon parish is the following entry: —
"Thomas Glover, Knight, and Jane Roberts,
daughter to Mr. Francis Roberts, were married
the 7th of October, 1605." Lady Jane Glover's
brother, Barnes Roberts, married Ann Glover, as
appears by the same register : " Barn Robertes
gentleman, and Ann Glover, were married 19th
[* See the sixth volume of our 2nd S. for six articles on
the derivation of hoax. — ED. ]
October, 1600"; the Visitation of Middlesex,
Harl. MS. No. 1551, f. 134, calls her Mary, and
further makes Edward Roberts the second son of
the above-named Francis marry " . . . . d.
of Sr William Glover of London, K' and Alder-
man " ; but I do not find this alleged marriage of
Edward (who was baptized at Willesdon, Sept. 13,
1578), nor his name at all in the Roberts pedigree,
Harl. MSS., No. 1180, fo. 152 ; No. 6125, fo. 105 ;
No. 6183 fo. 122, it is not in the Willesdon re-
gister as is that of his brother Barnes.
Sir Thomas and Lady Jane Glover had issue,
as appears by the Register of Willesdon parish, —
Ann, christened Aug. 4, 1608 ; Frances, buried
Sept. 12, 1610; C (the rest defaced), a son
christened April 23, 1612 ; Mary, christened
Aug. 4, 1614, and Frances, a daughter, who was
either christened or buried, Dec. 23, 1616, and
Anne, whose marriage is mentioned hereafter, but
whose name I do not find in the register.
Lady Jane having survived her husband, mar-
ried secondly to his third wife, Geo. Purefoy, of
Wadley, Esq., whom also she survived. She
died Jan. 8, 1664/5, at seventy- seven, and was
buried at Fetcham, co. Surrey, where there is an
inscription to her memory on a black grave stone
in front of the communion rails : —
" Here sleepeth ye Body of Dame Jane Glover, al's
Purefoy who waa the daughter of Francis Roberts, of
Willsden, in the County of Middlesex, Esq., Wife of Sir
Tho. Glover, of Hayes Parke, in the said Count}-, Kl, and
Relict of George Purefoy, y" eldest of Wadley, in the
County of Berkes, Esq., who Exchanged this life for a
better y° 8th of Jan. 1664, An. aetat. 77.
" Non habemus hie manentem Civitatem."
In " Le Livre des Accents pour Chevalier Jean
Francklyn en son maison au Wilsden," mention
is made of Lady Glover thus: "May 11, 1642.
Itm for a fl) of Sp. Tobacco for the Lady Glover,
12§."
Geo. Purefoy, son and heir of the above Geo.
by his first wife Mary, daughter and heiress of Sir
Valentine Knightley, is said to have married first,
Feb. 28, 1626, Anne, daughter and coheiress of Sir
Thomas Glover. JAMKS KNOWLES.
GOODHIND FAMILY (3rd S. ii. 125.) — I do not
recollect having met with this name either in
Bath Abbey or Saltford church. But in Whit-
church church, near Bristol, there is a marble
tablet to the memory of " Richard Goodhind,
gent., whose ancestors for many generations re-
sided in this parish." He died May 2, 1754, set.
49, leaving by Mary his wife, daughter of John
Whippie of " ye Greene," who died 1789, an
only daughter Anne, who died 1762, set. 13. On
the tablet is a shield with the arms of the said
Richard and Mary his wife : Gules, a fess between
3 fleurs-de-lis, or., per Goodhind, impaling arg.
on an inescutcheon gules between 3 greyhounds
courant sable, 3 bezants in pale for Whippie.
S. II. SEPT. 27. '62.]
NOTES AND QTJEKIES.
257
Before the recent restoration of Whitchurch
church there were a great many slabs in the floor
to the Whippie family, but they have all since
disappeared. A. S. ELLIS.
MACARONIC POEM (3rd S. ii. 211.) — Your cor-
respondent quotes about a fourth part of a Maca-
ronic poem, entitled " Froste'idos," to be found
in " The University Snowdrop : an appendix to
the great Trial, containing a Selection of Squibs,
old and new, descriptive of the Wars of the
Quadrangle, and the Consequences thereof, with
magnificent embellishments. 8vo. Edin. 1838."
This quizzical publication has reference to a
famous snow-ball riot among the Edinburgh Col-
lege Students, and is the collected poetical squibs
which arose out of it. The author of the particular
one inquired for was B. B., which I have autho-
rity for saying was the late Dr. Edward Forbes,
himself one of the rioters, although not one of the
captured; and, indeed, the principal contributor
of witticisms, both literary and artistic, to the
Snowdrop, and its ally in the interest of the stu-
dents, The University Maga.
Your correspondent further asks, what other
Macaronic poems are known? Compositions of
this kind are, I think, not uncommon ; the most
remarkable is that, which Dr. Forbes must have
had in his eye when working his Froste'idos, — the
Polemo-Middina (or Midden- Fecht, i. e. Dung-
hill-Fight), describing another bloodless combat,
founded upon some rustic dispute which the sup-
posed author, William Drummond, may have
witnessed when resident at Scotstarvet, in Fife,
often printed, but notably, with a learned Preface
and notes by E. G. (Edmund Gibson, afterwards
Bishop of London), 4to. Oxonii. 1691. See a
more modern example in Epistola Macaronica
ad Fratres, describing a meeting of Protestant
Dissenters at the London Tavern, by Alex. Geddes,
LL.D. 4to. Lond. 1790. J. O.
The characteristic composition inquired for by
MR. RABSON is one of the comic effusions put
forth by the late Edward Forbes in the University
Maga, a periodical temporarily got up for the
occasion of the celebrated snow-ball riots at Edin-
burgh College, 1839. A copy of the work in
question, in which the humble individual who now
addresses you had the honour of being caricatured
as a leader of some students' meeting, would now
be very difficult to procure. The publishers were
Messrs. Maclachlan & Stewart, opposite the Col-
lege. Some account of it is given in Professor
George Wilson's Life of Professor Edward Forbes.
SHOLTO MACDUFF.
MUTILATION OF MONUMENTS (3rd S. ii. 215.) —
Rebecca Rogers's tombstone has not disappeared
from Folkestone Churchyard, as your correspon-
dent seems to imagine. It is now fixed against
the wall on the north side of the church, and I
deciphered its inscription, which is fast becoming
illegible, for the benefit of a friend, only a few
days ago. Like your correspondent, I have long
felt an interest in the fate of poor Rebecca and
her sufferings in the flesh from " powers of dis-
tress," " action of ejectment," " covenants to
repair," from the bustle and liabilities of which
she is happily now free. Her harsh treatment at
the hands of the chimney-men has become quite
famous in song : —
" The good old dames, whenever they the chimney-man
espied,
Unto their nooks they haste away— their pots and pip-
kins hide.
There is not one old dame in ten, and search the nation
through,
But, if you talk of chimney-men, will spare a curse or
two." — Macaulay, vol. i. 287.
The inscription is well worth rescuing in this
age of " improvements ; " for it illustrates the
peculiarly odious character of chimney-money,
even more happily than the ballad quoted by
Macaulay. F. W. B.
POMFBET (1st S. ii. 56, 205; 2nd S. ix. 343;
3rd S. ii. 137.)— There is no doubt that NIL DES-
PERANDUM may find a Pomfret in Stepney. It.
was the name of a manor in Stepney Marsh, alias
Poplar Marsh, and now the Isle of Dogs. A
number "of quotations to prove this will be found
at pp. 10 and 34 of my History of the Isle of Dogs,
published in 1853. Among the references there
is one to the Testa de Nevill, pp. 360, 362, from
which it appears that Ricardus de Pontefracto
held a third part of his estate in Stebeneth. He
was required to furnish aid to the King to marry
his sister, Isabella, who was married in 1235.
Here we have a clue to the origin of the name of
Pomfret or Pontefract. Maitland thinks the
manor included the present site of Chapel House,
in the Isle of Dogs, and formerly belonging to the
convent of St. Mary of Graces, near the Tower.
Now, unless Edward II. went to this chapel to do
penance, I cannot understand why he should be
there, and transact important business there. It
is very apparent that the buildings were originally
extensive. One other difficulty and I have done.
St. Mary of Graces was founded in 1349-50, but
the documents dated from the dependent chapel
are of an earlier date. Was the chapel founded
earlier than the monastery ? B. H. C.
" TERM TROTTER " (3rd S. ii. 158.) — MR. M.
WALCOTT and the fortunate graduates whom he
consulted, have, it appears, never heard of the
above expression. Nevertheless, both name and
condition are, alas ! too well known to many.
They apply to an humble but creditable and per-
severing class of men, whose aspirations after
University distinction, kept down by the res an-
gusta domi, forced them, whilst drudging as ushers
ia schools, to keep terms as their opportunities
258
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[8«» S. II. SEPT. 27, '62.
and means allowed — a privilege which the less
stringent requirement! of the Universities in times
past, granted them. It was sometimes several
yours before they attained an University degree ;
but they were a class not to be despised. As
curates and schoolmasters, they were useful and
respectable in their generation ; and their tedious
career, with the contempt thrown on it by the
thoughtless and the unfeeling, if they produced no
other good effect, were a check to presumption
and self-conceit, and allowed patience to have her
perfect work. A TERM TROTTER.
WEDDERLT: NETHERHODSE (3rd S. ii. 189.) —
Your correspondent, SPAL, is mistaken in placing
Wedderly in the parish of Lauder, it being in the
parish of Westruther, which adjoins Lauder on the
east.
I am in possession of two large maps of Ber-
wickshire, one in Thomson's County Atlas of Scot-
land (1832), and the other by Mr. Fowler (1844),
but in neither do I find the name of Netherhouses,
near Wedderly. In the County Directory of Scot-
land, lately published, there appear four Nether-
houses : one near Bathgate, in Linlithgowshire ;
two in the parish of Dunlop, in Ayrshire ; and the
fourth near Lochwinnoch, in Renfrewshire ; be-
sides Netherhouse, and Netherhouse Farm, both
near Glasgow. S.
PAINTING OF TUB REFORMERS (3rd S. ii. 87, 137,
175.) — H. C. F. inquires if there is any similar
painting to his in existence? Yes, I have one,
and there is, or was, another in Dr. Williams's
library, Redcross Street, London. An engraving
from the latter forms a frontispiece to Williams's
Dictionary of all Religions, 8vo, 1823. I have not
the book by me now, but think there is some ac-
count of the painting prefixed to it. There is
also a similar engraving in Taylor's England's
Bloody Tribunal, 4to, 1770. H. C. F.'s painting
contains fourteen portraits, that in Dr. Williams's
library fifteen (?), and mine seventeen, not including
the pope, cardinal, friar, or " that other person-
age." Usher and Perkins are the two portraits in
mine that I have not seen in 'any engraving. They
are represented in the upper left hand corner of
the painting, standing. WM. GEORGE.
Bristol.
II. C. F. (Herts) is informed that his old paint-
ing of fourteen Reformers sitting round an ele-
vated table, &c., is not the only one extant. The
late Walter Wilson, the intelligent author of the
History of Dissenting Churches, had one, which I
have often seen; it was sold, with his valuable
library and other effects, on his lamented decease.
II. C. F. will find an engraving from it, together
with a key to the portraits, prefixed to Williams's
Dictionary of all Religions, 8vo, 1823.
X. A. X.
"A TOUR THROIGII IRI:I..YM>," 174S (3rJ S. ii.
148.) — In Bibliolhi-cn Uil>. • mica; or a Descri/iti*->-
Catalogue of a select Irixh Library, collected /'<>r
the Right Hon. Sir Robert Peel, 8vo, Dublin, 1 -J-!.
p. 43, it is stated that Chetwood U the author of
A Tour through Ireland in 1748; a second part
appears to be unknown. There are several other
anonymous works connected with Ireland. Can
any of your readers inform me who wrote A Trip
to Ireland, being a Description of the Country,
People, and Manners ; as also some select Observ-
ations on Dublin, fo., printed in the year 1 (!!>!) Y
Also, who was the author of A Description ofKil-
larney, 12mo, Dublin, 1776 ? In my copy, which
appears to have been Horace Walpole's, it is
written in his autograph " By Dunn."
Who was the author of The Compleat Irish
Traveller, 2 vols. 8vo, London, 1788 ? This, how-
ever, appears to me to be a mere bookseller's com-
pilation, a great part of it being word for word
the same as A Tour through Ireland in 1780 ; and
this again appears to have been founded on the
Tour through Ireland, by the brothers Chetwood,
in 1748.
Again, who was the author of Sketches of His-
tory, Politics, and Manners, taken in Dublin and the
North of Ireland, in the Autumn of 1810, 8vo, Lon-
don, 1811? and, Three Months in Ireland, by an
English Protestant, 8vo, London, 1827? and that
admirable work, " for private circulation only,"
Journal of a Tour in Ireland during the Months of
October and November, 1835. 8vo, London, 1836.
Any answers to these questions will oblige
Ev. PH. SHIRLEY.
Lough Fea, Carrickmacross.
DYING WITH THE EBBING-TIDE (3rd S. ii
189.) —
Falstaff " parted even just between twelve and one,
e'en at the turning o' the tide."
" Derham, in his Astro-Theology, alludes to the opinion,
as old as Plirn', that animals, and particularly man, ' ex-
pire at the time of ebb.' Mr. Dickens has varied this
superstition : ' People can't die, along the coast, except
when the tide's pretty nigh out,' says the honest fisherman
of Yarmouth." — Mr. C. Knight's note on the above
passage in Henry V., Act II. Sc. 3.
KENRICK WREFORD.
Clifton.
There are other counties in which the same and
similar superstitions prevail, though at present I
can only refer to NICTILWS NICTOLLIS' assertion
(lrt S. vi. 311), that at Hull, " a common belief
is, that most deaths take place at tide-time or
turn of the tide." ST. SWITIIIX.
I think your correspondent is hasty in assuming
this to be essentially a sea-coast superstition. Tin-
notion prevails, or once did, in London. Thomas
Chalkley (a member of the Society of Friends, who
died in the early part of the last century) in re-
cording the death of his father, particularly men-
3rd S. II. SEPT. 27, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
259
tious this subject. See Life of Thomas Chalkley,
On my return home I can, if your correspondent
wishes it, give the extract from the work in ques-
tion. WM. L. J. CLARK.
SOUL-FOOD; POT-BA.WS (3rd S. ii. 139.) — In
Cheshire and Lancashire words are strangely cor-
rupted, and it is possible that sea-kale is meant by
sufel. It is pronounced seecle, and sometimes
seall, just as the village Saughal is pronounced
Sauchall or Soughal. It is also eaten in broth or
on toast. Pot-baws are really dumplings, but
small, and are properly called pot-balls, and boiled
in broth, very often with the kale. Many years —
centuries — ago, kale was eaten very much more
than now, and was considered so common that it
is still called cottagers' kale in many places. Just
outside the walls of Chester is a timber yard, still
called the kale-yard, where the monks grew their
kale : an ancient gate leads from the cathedral
through the yard to the town outside. A. G.
Peckhain Rye.
CHARADE (3rd S. ii. 218.) — I have always had
some doubt on the solution, Good Night, said to
be Praed's " own" of his Charade, " Sir Hilary,"
and have not seen the American interpretations.
Good Night does not, certainly, satisfy the first
two syllables of prayer. I venture to propose
another solution, and, as the charade is short and
not always at hand, I append it, with the inter-
pretation in brackets :
" Sir Hilary charged at Agincourt :
Sooth 'twas an awful day !
The revellers of camp and court
Had little time to pray !
'Tis said Sir Hilary uttered there
Two syllables by way of prayer: [aide Dieu~\
My first to all the brave and proud
Who see to-morrow's sun, [aid]
My next, with its cool quiet cloud, [dew]
To those who win their dewy shroud
Or ere this day be done.
My whole to those whose bright blue eyes [acf/eu]
Weep when a warrior nobly dies."
U. O. N.
HEBREW QUERIES (3rd S. ii. 211.) — 1. In Ge-
nesis ii. 7, the word ">-?\'l is read without the
second yod, according to the cethib velo keri. In
the Samaritan Pentateuch it has properly one yod
only. This is not a question of grammar, but of
biblical criticism (see Eichhorn's Einleitung in A.
T., cap. ii. s. 119). The explanation may be thus
shortly given : the ancient Jews finding in the
oldest MSS. certain redundancies and omissions
of letters, did not alter the text according to their
assumed grammatical rules, as our Greek and
Latin editors alter the Classics, but they retained
such errors in the text, indicating in the margin
the recognized redundancy or omission ; the re-
dundancy being termed cethib velo keri, " written
but not read," and the omission keri velo cethib,
" read but not written." Kennicott's Bible and
De Rossi's works are the best sources of inform-
ation as to a correct Hebrew text.
2. The corresponding Hebrew article to our the
is not to be looked for, any more than the Greek
article in eV apxjf, the translation of IVK'&Oa ; so
B&hQ from the beginning (Is. xl. 21, xli. 26), has
no corresponding article to the, A foreigner might
ask why we did not introduce the article ^e°in
saying " at first" The answer is the usus loquendi.
The Hebrew, like other written languages, must
regulate the grammars.- Grammars contain only
proximate rules for writing : the Hebrew gram-
mar is best learnt in Hebrew literature, notwith-
standing the labours of Buxtorff, Vater, Stewart,
Lee, Frey, Gesenius, and Ewald. The grammatical
rules for the use of the Hebrew articles n, J1K, &c.,
are not well settled ; the same may be said of the
Greek article, although the labors of Middleton
and Winer have thrown much light on the general
grammar of the article. The variations in the
usus loquendi render it difficult to fix the norma
loquendi. T. J. BUCKTON.
Lichfield.
AMERICAN CENTS (3rJ S. ii. 184.) — Dr. Clay
wishes to hear of specimens. I have a rather
handsome one of 1783. As the neck is bare, I
suppose mine is the same as No. 2 for that year.
Dr. Clay's description exactly applies to it.
B. H. C.
It will be very convenient to know what are the
initials of the fifteen stars on the Kentucky cent,
mentioned 3rd S. i. 255. j-| j^
CUT-THROAT LANE (3rd S. ii. 209.)— Cut-throat
Lane, Highgate, is a narrow footpath, leading from
Swain's Lane, Kentish Town, to Highgate Hill,
and cutting through the estate of Miss Burdett
Coutts. The wooden palings and the trees on
both sides of the way are so tall and dense, that
after nightfall the path is in absolute darkness.
As regards this particular lane, therefore, PRO-
FESSOR DE MORGAN may have his choice of the
titles " Cut-through" and " Cut-throat," for both
are equally applicable.
JOB J. BARDWELL WORKARD, M.A.
Haverstock Hill.
ST. LEGER: TRUNKWELL (3rd S. ii. 166, 197.)—
Trunkwell House is situate in the immediate
vicinity of Reading, the road only dividing it from
Strathfieldsaye Park, one of the residences of the
Duke of Wellington. It was until within the last
six or seven years in the possession and occupa-
tion of Capt. Greenway, of the Royal Berkshire
Militia, who has now sold it. He would probably
be able to afford some information concerning the
St. Legers, R. B. W.
SUN-DIALS (3rd S. ii. 185, 238.)— -The old pocket
dial mentioned by MR. COUCH, was common in the
county of Wexford some twenty-five years ago;
260
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. SEPT. 27, '62.
there was hardly a farm-house where one could
not be had. When I was a schoolboy I purchased
one for a mere trifle, and kept it for many years
in Dublin, and it really was surprising the accu-
racy with which it " kept time" — of course by the
sun — which is the best and only true " time-
keeper."
I may here mention a curious fact, which no
doubt can be corroborated by some of your rural
correspondents. I knew a young lady who had
marked for every day in the year the hours on the
door sill. It was in a country place, with a full
southern aspect, so that when the sun shone, she
could tell by the mark as correctly as any watch,
and I have often seen it tested by the best " time-
keepers," and never found that she was more than
a minute " fast or slow." This fact, however,
would not accord with the Shaksperian rural
doctrine of
" Where merry larks are ploughmen's clocks,"
for the larks are always up before the sun, whereas
the sun must have been always up and shining
before my fair friend could tell the time.
S. REDMOND.
Liverpool.
EXECUTION OF THE MARQUIS OF ARGYLE (3rd S.
ii. 152.) — The sentence on the Marquis of Argyle
is given in Wodrow's History of the Sufferings of
the Church of Scotland, vol. i. book i. chap. ii. It
is quoted within inverted commas as follows : —
" That he was found guilty of High Treason, and ad-
judged to be execute to the Death aa a Traitor, his Head
to be severed from his Body at the Cross of Edinburgh,
upon Hunday, the 27th Instant, and affixed in the same
Place where the Marquis of Montrose's Head was for-
merly, and his Arras torn before the Parliament, and at
the Cross."
It appears from Wodrow's narrative, that the
instrument of decapitation was the Maiden. This
is also stated in Croker's History of the Guillotine,
where two engravings of the Scottish Maiden are
inserted. Mr. Croker quotes as his authority for
the Marquis of Argyle's mode of execution the
following sentence from Laing : " His head was
separated from his body by the descent of the
maiden." D. C. A. A.
REFERENCE WANTED (3rd S. ii. 105.)— The fol-
lowing Note occurs in the first Lecture against
Popery in the " Morning Exercise ": —
" I shall here relate what happened at the Convocation
at Westminster: A disputation is appointed by the
Council, nine Popish bishops and doctors on that side,
eight Protestant doctors on the other side, Sir Nicholas
Bacon, lord keeper, Moderator. The first question was
about service in an unknown tongue. The first day
passed with the Protestants ; the second day the popish
bishops and doctors fell to cavilling against the order
agreed on, and the meeting dissolved. Dr. Cole stands
up and declares, « I tell you, that ignorance is the mother
of devotion.' "—Fuller's Hutory.
D. C. A. A.
BULSTRODE WHITELOCK.' s MEMORIALS (3rd S. ii.
191.) — Whitelock having been lord of the manor
of Henley, and possessing a large estate in this
neighbourhood, I collected many unpublished par-
ticulars of him, and gave them with two correct
pedigrees of the family in my History of Henley
(1861). I was, however, unable to procure a
sight of the MS. said to be in the possession of
Lord de la Warre at Buckhurst ; but those be-
longing to George Whitelock, Esq., of Harewood
Square, and the Rev. E. P. Cooper of Little
Dolby (two descendants of Sir Bulstrode) were
very liberally submitted for my use.
I may here repeat my inquiry (2od S. viii. 207)
for any particulars of Bulstrode Wm. Whiteloek,
a great grandson of Sir Bulstrode, who came of
age in 1723, sold Phyllis Court, and thencefor-
ward disappears most unaccountably from all the
family deeds and papers. J. S. BURN.
The Grove, Henley.
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NOTES AND QUERIES.
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NOTES : — Honry VIII.'s Impress at the Field of the Cloth
of Gold— Irish Polk Lore — The Wild Turkey — Entries
relating to Clergymen in tho Parish Registers of Horn-
church, Co. Essex.
MIKOR NOTES : — Tho Morgan Papers — Fixity of Dress on
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tics— Bath Epigram.
QUERIES : —Anonymous — Henry Barnard, Apothecary —
Handle Cheney, Esq., of Broxbourne — Ancient Chessmen
— The Foot of Thomas of Lancaster — Gobelins Tapestry
— Ghetto. Derivation of — Hume — The Names of tho
Throe "\Vise Men, a Charm against the " Falling Sickness "
— The " Organs " at Wrcxham, Denbighshire — Quotations
— Colonel Thomas Rainsborough — TneShrinoof St. Pal-
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QUEHIES WITH ANSWERS : — Mr. John Lockman — Mar-
quis of Anglesey's Leg — "Memorial of tho Church of
England " — Archbishop Tillotson — Doll — Inscription —
Goldsmith and Malagrida — Poem on William Rut'us, by
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REPLIES : —Essays on Assurance— Swift v. Wagstaffe —
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Fable, and to place.it in its proper position in the legitimate
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By the REV. SAMUEL LYSONS, M.A., F.S.A., &c. &c.
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"Remember" of Charles ',L— Landing of Prince of Orange-Gun-
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•
3rd S. II. OCT. 4, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
261
LONDON, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 4, 1862.
CONTENTS.— N°. 40.
NOTES : — Henry VIII.'s Impress at the Field of the Cloth
of Gold, 261 — Eva Maria Garrick, 264 — Lpwndes's Biblio-
grapher's Manual : Notes on the New Edition, No. V., 266
— Passage iu Hamlet, 269— Dares and Dictys, 270.
MINOR NOTES : — Original and Unpublished Letters of
John Knox,the Scottish Reformer — Alchemy— Ten Com-
mandments in Hexameter Verse — Crinoline — Suggy,
271.
QUERIES: — An Efflgiac Enigma, 271 — Strange Sale of
Books, Tb. — Anonymous — Baptisteries — Charles Bowles,
Esq. — Domesday -Book — Drawings by Bentley — Foreign
Citizenship of the Scots — "Foreign Libraries" — "The
Gospel Shop"— Secretary Johnston and Lady Mar —
Monumental Effigies — Gabriel Naude1, the Jesuit — Sir
Phelim O'Neil's MSS. — A Scottish Aceldama — Samuel
Slipper — S. Botolph : Far thell — Stewart of Brugh : Smith
— West Humble Chapel, 272.
QUERIES WITH ANSWERS: — John Tweddell: Athenian
Stuart — Baker's " Chronicle " — Deodands : Coroners' In-
quests — Paschal — Dr. Henry Holden — " Worthy " —
Brentwood School — Slaugham, Sussex — Holy Fire, 274.
REPLIES : — Letters in Heraldry, 276 —Words derived
from Proper Names, 277 — Typographical Queries —
Gerard : Priestley — Vernacular — Quotation — Bishop
" Maltby — Burton Goggles — Spencer Cowper — Adver-
tising Statistics — Fontenelle : Fenelon : the Jansenists —
" Apres moi le deluge ! " &c., 278.
Notes ou Books, &c.
ftote*.
HENRY VIII.'s IMPRESS AT THE FIELD OF THE
CLOTH OF GOLD.
(Continued from 3rd S. ii. 241.)
IV. The character of Paulus Jovius as an
historian is too well known to require any
lengthened dissertation. He was one of the worst
of a class of writers which has long since disap-
peared from Europe. Corrupted by kings and
great men, they cared not so much to write what
was true as what was agreeable to the patrons
who rewarded them ; or, like Aretin, "the scourge
of princes," they libelled all such as would not
consent to purchase silence. P. Jovius offended
in both ways. He boasted that he kept two pens :
one of gold, and the other of iron ; and that he
availed himself of either according to the favours
which he received. Hence it has become an
axiom that no statement can be relied upon for
which he is the sole authority. The reader who
is desirous of knowing more of this author may
consult Roscoe's Life and Pontificate of Leo X.,
Bayle's Historical and Critical Dictionary, Sir
Thomas Blount's Censura Celebriorum Authorum,
Tirdboschi* or the memoir inserted in the Bio-
graphie Universelle. Any one of these autho-
rities will establish the fact that P. Jovius is
altogether untrustworthy. But I have already
* Storia della Letteratura Italiana,
shown that in the present case he is the only wit-
ness ; and his testimony would be of but little
value, even if it were not exposed to the difficul-
ties and contradictions which we should be in-
volved in by accepting it.
V. Such then is the evidence upon which, if it
cannot be controverted, I might claim to have the
incident of the impress blotted out of history.
But if I concluded at this point, although I should
have convinced, I am not likely to have satisfied
the historian. He would have a right to complain
that there is beyond the preceding argument
something which still remains to be told; and
after all that has been said, it must be allowed
that the impress is no ordinary, vague, unsubstan-
tial fiction. The time, the place, the opportunity,
the actor, the motive, the carefully- described
device, and the motto containing the actual words
in a dead language, are all specified and inter-
woven with truths which are indisputable. Are
the whole of these details mere creatures of the
imagination, or out of what real elements have
they been composed ? I shall now endeavour to
satisfy this inquiry ; and, in order to do so, I
must call attention to a different scene.
When the two kings and their courtiers had
separated after the interview at the Field of the
Cloth of Gold, Henry VIII. returned to Calais,
where the Emperor Charles V. visited him again
in the ensuing month of July. For the purpose
of showing honour to his guest, a gorgeous pavi-
lion or banqueting-house had been erected by
Henry within the town, but it was blown down
by a high wind the day before it was to have been
used for a banquet to be given to the Emperor.
The interior of this banqueting-house had been
surrounded by a great number of emblematical
figures in wicker-work painted, and of the size
of life ; and these figures had been accompanied
by escutcheons, and also by mottoes invented
for the occasion. A description of the ban-
queting-house will be found in the Chronicles of
Calais, printed for the Camden Society.* The
three last pages, which were omitted from the
official French tract reprinted by Montfaucon,
relate chiefly to the same subject ; the informa-
tion which they contain being announced in this
head- title preceding it : —
" Hereafter follow the devices and mottoes of the kings
and personages set up over the doors of the banqueting-
house at Calais ; and the interview and visit of the Ca-
tholic king." f
It appears from the pages thus introduced, that
over the principal door inside the banqueting-
* This description had previously been inserted by
Stow in his Chronicles of England, and was copied in the
enlarged edition of Hollinshed.
f " Sensuyuent les diuises et dictz des Roys et person-
nages miz et apposez au dessus des portes du festin faict
a Callays, et lentre veue & visitation du roy Catholique."
262
NOTES AND QUERIES.
S. II. OCT. 4, '62.
" DA spatium vita, multos da Juppiler annos,"
under the arms of the King and Queen of England ;
the other was the Emperor's motto, " Plus Oultrc "
house there were the figures or statues of three
kings, the middle one of which, raised rather
higher than the others, represented King Arthur,
whom, it will be remembered, the sovereigns of
the House of Tudor claimed as their ancestor.
The figure of King Arthur, therefore, being the
principal one of the group, was to have occupied
the place of honour on the occasion of the in-
tended banquet. On the right-hnnd side of the
second door was an Englishman drawing his bow
(ting Anglois qui lire de son arc), and having for
his motto —
" Stet procnl hinc pacem qni violare velit."
On the left-hand side of the same second door was
a lansquenet carrying a pike, and having a motto
also inculcativc of peace. Thus the English
archer and the German lansquenet symbolised the
respective forces of Henry VIII. and the Em-
peror. The remaining mottoe?, eight in number,
belonging to the several other devices mentioned
in the tract, refer exclusively to the advantages
and duties of friendship, and have no political
allusion.*
But a much more ample description of Henry's
banqueting-house is contained in another French
tract printed at Arras on the 27th October, 1520,
the title of which commences as follows : —
" The festive Triumph, welcome, and honorable Recep-
tion given by the King of England in the town of Calais
to his most Sacred, Imperial, Catholic Majestj-," &c.f
In the publication, which is manifestly that of
an eye-witness, all the devices and mottoes men-
tioned in the previous tract are reproduced, and
an account is given of many others in addition.
All these other mottoes also have reference to I
friendship, except two of no importance, J and
one besides accompanying a device upon a shield !
under the before-mentioned statue of King Arthur, j
I quote at length this latter motto, and the passage :
which introduces it : —
" Over the first door of the said doorway there were I
?<et up three statues, of the size of life, well painted and I
gilt. The one in the middle represented a King Arthur, !
* As this point is of some weight, I allow the mottoes I
to speak for themselves. They were the following: —
" Verus amicus est alter ego"."
" Amiens fidclis protectio fortis."
" In ainicis non res qu.erilur, sed voluntas."
" Ver« amicitiaa sempiternze sunk"
" Nullus diligit vivere sine amicis."
" Amicitiam natura ipsa peperit."
" Amico fideli nulla est comparatio."
" Diliges amicum tuum sicut teipsum."
It will be found that the 2nd, 3rd, and 8th of these
mottoes are taken from the Vulgate.
t " Le triumphe festifz bien venue & honorable recoeul
faict perle roy d'angleterre en la ville de Calais a la tres-
sacre Cesaree Catholique maieste," &c.
One of these was —
who kept a round table for all good and lawful knights
to support and defend everybody; and he bore for his
coat of arms, azure, three crowus or; and on another
shield underneath him, in a field azure, two swords held
in two hands interlaced by a device [motto] Cui adhereor
pre me ett." *
I have quoted the motto literally ; and it hap-
pens rather remarkably that the same occurs
twice, since the original paragraph here introduced
concludes a page in the printed tract, and in con-
sequence of an error of the printer the next page
commences with a repetition of the Latin motto.
Here, then, is the motto made use of in the im-
press described by P. Jovius.f What struck me
when I first read this motto was the additional
word me in it ; for, being aware of the old inter-
pretation, this word appeared to make a serious
alteration in the sense, the political and defiant
motto, He whom I support prevails, or is superior,
being widely different from the friendly and
courteous motto, He whom I support is superior
to me. Besides, instead of the statue of the Eng-
lish archer above the motto, here was the statue
of King Arthur. The author of the tract printed
at Arras, who seems to have been ignorant of King
Arthur's relationship to the Tudors, has added a
French translation of all the Latin mottoes, and
he sets down as the meaning in the present in-
stance Deiiat &f cely a q ie adhere (Devant est
celui a qui j'adhere), thus giving no definite ex-
pression to the word me. I might indeed admit
that Cui adhtereo praest, He whom I support pre-
vails, gives both the true Latin motto and the
correct English translation, and yet show that the
motto, like every other mentioned in the tract,
bears no political allusion. What is the nomina-
tive case to adheereo * Clearly the device of the
impress ; not the false device, but the true one ;
not the statue of the English archer, or even of
King Arthur, but the two swords, held in two
hands tied together by the band on which the
motto itself was inscribed, and symbolising, as
I believe, the union of justice and mercy. He
whom justice and mercy support prevails, would
therefore, under the conditions stated, be the true
meaning of the motto. But I maintain, on the
contrary, that the word me is necessary to com-
plete the sense of the present impress, and that
and !
* "Stir la premiere por[te] dudict portail y auoit
trois statues esleuees de haulteur dung homme bien
painct et bien dore. Celle qui cstoit au miellieu estoit
denotee a ung roy Artus qui tenoit une table ronde a tous
bons cheualiers & droicturiers a soustenir et deffendre
tout le monde pourtant ensesarmes dazur trois couronnes
dor et en ung aultre escu desoubz luy deux espees en
camp dazur tenues de deux mains entrelacies de une
diuise, Cui adhereor pre me est." [I quote the French as
I find it; but the Arras tract is in every respect the
worst specimen of typography I have ever met with.]
t The strange word adhtcreor, instead of adhaeren, I
presume to be a blunder either of the transcriber or prin-
ter.
3rd S. II. OCT. 4, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
263
the expression prce me est points to Arthur, King
of England, the ancestor of King Henry, the first,
the greatest, and most renowned of the heroes of
chivalry, and therefore at a time when the eyes of
all men were turned towards the display of chi-
valry which had recently taken place, the best
representative of Henry VIII. himself. It was
underneath the statue of King Arthur that the
shield containing the impress was placed, and that
shield belonged to him. The true reading of the
motto then, and that which is not inconsistent
with the French translation, must have been He
whom I cleave to is before me, where he refers
to King Arthur, and / and me refer to the device
of the two swords combined. The impress, there-
fore, merely embodied a terse expression of the
sentiment To King Henry V1IL, in preference to
all other men, belong the attributes of justice and
mercy.
Thus, the internal evidence supplied by the
impress itself, shows that no political allusion was
designed ; and it will readily be anticipated that
King Henry personally could have had nothing
whatever to do with the composition of the motto.
The proof of this latter fact — for we have ,the
means of tracing the origin of the impress — is
sufficiently clear.
Two months before the interview at the Field of
the Cloth of Gold, Henry's Commissioners were in
France, superintending the erection of the tem-
porary palace at Guines. They then wrote to
Wolsey in England, to request that Master Mayhu
and Alexander Barclay might be sent over to
them for the purpose of supplying the devices and
mottoes to decorate, not only the palace, but also
a^ banqueting-house, intended to be erected out-
side the castle walls at Guines.* It proved, how-
ever, in the sequel, that there was not sufficient
time for completing the banqueting-house prior
to the interview ; and as in the meanwhile the
subsequent meeting at Calais between Henry VIII.
and the Emperor had been agreed upon, the ori-
ginal intention was abandoned, and the materials
provided for the banqueting-house at Guines were
appropriated to the construction of the unfortu-
nate building which was blown down at Calais.
There were no devices accompanied by mottoes
employed to decorate the temporary palace ; and,
therefore, Barclay and his coadjutor, in the ab-
sence of proof to the contrary, must be held solely
responsible for all the devices and mottoes de-
scribed in the two French tracts from which I
See the Chronicle of Calais, pp. 79—85, where Maynu
is misprinted Mayun. This person was probably Gra-
cious Menerve, who afterwards wrote against Auricular
Confession, and also against the Ministration of the Sa-
crament under one kind ; both of which works are in the
Bodleian Library. Alexander Barclay, the black monk
and post, is best known by his English version of the
Ship of Fools.
have quoted. Is it not more likely that two ob-
scure monks, suddenly called away from their
books of morality and devotion, should have em-
bodied in a really clever form an obvious compli-
ment to -their sovereign, than that they should
have risked incurring the displeasure of Wolsey,
the omnipotent ruler in Church and State, by
presuming to enter upon the domain of politics
which he guarded with such jealousy ? It may bo
proper for me to add, that although I have given
what seems to me the true solution of the impress ;
yet as impresses were always designed to be enio--
matical, I dp not wish to exclude a better solu-
tion from being propounded. * All I am concerned
to show, is, that the motto had not the political
signification attributed to it by P. Jovius, and
this I am satisfied is sufficiently proved.
I have now produced, upon the unexception-
able authority of eye-witnesses, the painted statue
of the English archer of the size of life, together
with the genuine motto ; and it will be seen that
all the details of the impress described by P.
Jovius are assembled in the French tract, printed
at Arras, the fabrication having been effected by
suppressing the device of the two swords, and ex-
cluding the word me from the motto ; by placing
the motto thus altered under the statue of the Eng-
lish archer instead of under that of King Arthur ;
and by transferring both the substituted statue
and the false motto from the banqueting-house,
at Calais, to the temporary palace at Guines. Can
there be a doubt that here are the elements that
have been combined to form the impress, which
has so long imposed upon Europe ? It must be
confessed that the ingenuity, the audacity, and
the success of the contrivance were worthy of a
better cause.
VI. Having thus exposed the fabrication of the
impress, there remains but little inducement to
accompany P. Jovius any farther. Had he been
an author of fair fame, the question how far he is
morally responsible for the narrative which he
has propagated would have formed an interesting
subject of inquiry. But the case is otherwise.
Historians of his character can claim no interest
with a posterity at the distance of ten generations.
The evil which they produce we avoid as well as
we are able ; but a period arrives when it be-
comes superfluous to reason about the men them-
selves. They cross our path and meet our glance,
and we pass on : for in this sublunary world,
* Had the impress been used twenty years later, and
under different circumstances, there might have been
room for alleging that the two swords represented the
spiritual and temporal powers ; and that Henry alluded
to the union of them both in himself, after he became
supreme head of the Church of England. For the reason
stated in the text, however, I think that the spiritual
and temporal swords were weapons too dangerous for the
inventors of the genuine impress in any way to have med-
dled with.
264
NOTES AND QUERIES.
S. II. OCT. 4, '62.
where truth is to be sought and work is to be
done, there is no more time left to expend upon
these convicted disorganisers of knowledge. It
can be of no moment, so far as the credit of P.
Jovius is affected, whether or not I bring home to
him one disreputable action more. Fortunately,
the theory which such writers pursue — to care
nothing for the truth, to mock the present and
to defy the future— must always prove ultimately
to be untenable, since they become discredited
and despised ; and even the most hardened and
inveterate deception, when the time comes for it
to be handled, is as brittle as the transparent
falsehood of yesterday. There may be a few per-
sons, however, who desire to know more of the
method practised by the earliest historian that
went out of his way to defame a sovereign whose
character has been more fiercely assailed, and
more feebly defended upon the points where it is
defensible, than that of any other distinguished
personage in English history. I will, therefore,
take the liberty to follow up my previous inquiry
to its last result.
Tiraboschi reports, that certain persons amused
themselves at the expense of P. Jovius, by gravely
relating to him fabulous events which he forth-
with transferred to his history; and that being
warned by others to be more cautious, he used to
reply : " It is no matter, for when the present
generation has passed away, all will be believed."
He is, therefore, entitled to the benefit of this
equivocal conduct ; so far as it may avail him on
the consideration, whether in the present instance
he has wilfully imposed upon others, or been
imposed upon himself?
P. Jovius was a voluminous author, and the
most popular amongst his various works is his
Dialogue or Discourse on Impresses. It was the
earliest treatise devoted to a subject which engaged
much attention during the sixteenth century. It
has passed through many editions, and been trans-
lated into the principal European languages.*
There is some difficulty in conveying a just im-
pression of his fondness for the theme on which
he discourses, or of the pleasure that he exhibits
in dilating upon the excellence of the various
impresses which he invented for the Spanish and
Italian nobility of his day. No one can peruse
his treatise without being convinced that P. Jovius
formed a high estimate of the value of impresses,
as well as of his own skill in composing them, and
that he would be likelv to avail himself of all op-
portunities to pursue his favourite study. Henry's
impress, however, is not in his book, which was a
posthumous publication.
* The first edition was published at Rome, in 1555,
under the title of Dialogo deli' Imprest MUitari et Amo-
roie. The second edition -was edited by Ruscelli, and '
published at Venice in the following year, under the title
Of Ragtonamento di Mont. Paolo Giovio sopra i motti, §•
P. Jovius wrote also the Descriptio Britannia,*
which was first published at Venice in 1584. The
latter portion relating to England, in this work,
contains an account of the life of Henry VIIL ;
in the course of which the writer expresses a
hope t that the king's sixth wife, Katherine Parr,
may prove chaste and fruitful ; so that there
might be no necessity for his having recourse to a
seventh marriage. This, and other circumstances,
lead to the conclusion that the present work
was completed before the death of Henry VIII.,
though it was not published until the year after.
The Descriptio Britannia also contains an ac-
count of the interview between Henry and Fran-
cis ; briefer indeed than that afterwards published
in the Historia sui Temporif, though strongly re-
sembling it in substance ; and the account given
in the earlier printed work is followed by a pas-
sage which I here extract, for the purpose of
placing it in juxtaposition with the parallel pas-
sage which I have already inserted : —
"Excepit et [Henricus] paucos post dies Carolum
Csesarem designatnm, qui ab Hispania classe devectus in
Angliam appulerat, inter duos enim [Carolum et Francia-
cum] infestis jam plane animis de abrumpenda pace co-
gitantes, volebat existimari disceptator et arbiter, quum
vires haberet ad terrendum, si quis paulb durius et con-
tuinacius, uti aequum foret, ipsius judicio parere recusas-
set, exequatas enim amborum opes esse cupiebat, ut
hunc et ilium, ancipiti illius studio, et voluntate suspen-
sum ape metuque pariter in amicitia coatineret."
H. P.
(To be concluded in our next.)
EVA MARIA GARRICK.
Considering how minutely, for the most part,
the actions of Garrick have been recorded, we
cannot but be struck by the meagre account his
biographers give with regard to his marriage ; in-
deed, the way it is mentioned can hardly fail to
raise a suspicion that nothing of the lady's antece-
dents was known, or that it was discreet to say as
little as possible on the subject. With a view of
eliciting additional particulars, I have put toge-
ther what I have been able to gather of the his-
tory of Eva Maria Violette or Violetti, who
afterwards, as Mrs. Garrick, is so often brought
before our notice in the annals of the last cen-
tury.
disegni d'Arme, et d'Amore, che communemente chiamano
Imprese. Eight editions in Italian, the latest of which
bears the date of 1574, are in the British Museum, and
show how popular the work must have been. Hie
English translation, by Samuel Daniel, which was pub-
lished in 1595, must be read with caution; for that poet
has interpolated passages of his own invention.
* The full title is Descriptio Britannia, Scotice, Hy-
bernia, et Orchadum ; and in the work each country is
treated separately.
t F. 25. a.
3'd S. II. OCT. 4, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
265
The first account I take from Davies, whose
memoir was published in 1780. He says : —
"In July, 1749, Mr. Garrick was married to Ma-
demoiselle Viletti (sic), a young lady, who, to great ele-
gance of form and many polite accomplishments, joined
the more amiable virtues of the mind." — Life of Gar-
rick, i. 162.
Murphy, whose biography appeared in 1801,
writes : —
" In the month of July (1749) Garrick entered into a
new scene of life. He married the fair Violetti, a native
of Vienna, who chose to grace herself with an Italian
name. She was an elegant figure, and, as a dancer,
greatly admired for the uncommon charm of her move-
meats. Previous to this match it is certain that Garrick
was on the point of marrying Mrs. Woffingtori. The
writer has heard her declare, at different times, that he
went so far as to try the wedding ring on her finger. But
Violetti was patronised by Lord and Lady Burlington,
who, it was generally understood, gave her a fortune of
six thousand pounds." — Life of Garrick, i. 171.
This is all I find from those living at the time,
and who, from their connexion with Garrick, were
likely to be acquainted with all the particulars.
The next account is from a memoir prefixed to
the Private Correspondence of Garrick, 1835.
In this, after mentioning the marriage (as on
the 22nd June, 1749), the writer goes on^to say : —
" Something may be added as to the Burlington pa-
tronage of the lady. The charming Violette had entirely
sympathised with'her ardent lover, and Lady Burlington,
during an indisposition, had extorted from her that sort
of declaration she anticipated. Mr. Garrick wrote a very
respectful and proper letter to Lady Burlington, making
his proposals in due form : they were accepted. All re-
serve and distance thus happily got over, Mr. Garrick
became, as was to be expected, a great favorite at Bur-
lington House."
In the same notice we read that Madame Eliza-
beth de Saar (" my wife's niece, now with us at
Hampton,") to whom Garrick left a legacy of one
thousand pounds, was originally Mademoiselle
Furst, the only daughter of Mrs. Garrick's sister
Theresa. I mention this as being the sole instance
where I find any allusion made to Mrs. Garrick's
relatives.
The following comes more directly to the
point : —
" The beautiful Violetti, a dancer of supreme excel-
lence, a native of Vienna, who took, that Italian name,
attracted his (Garrick's) affections. She was patronised
by Lord and Lady Burlington, who, on her wedding day,
presented her with a casket of jewels, and six thousand
pounds — a gift so magnificent that it confirmed the
rumours, then in vogue, that she was the natural daughter
of the Earl."— Gait, Lives of the Players, i. 275.
The marriage of Garrick, who was at that time
joint-proprietor with Lacy in Drury Lane, must
have been much discussed and commented upon.
Indeed we are told, that " lampoons, epigrams,
sonnets, and epithalamiums fluttered in every
coffee-house;" and we can hardly doubt that
these "paper pellets of the brain" must have con-
tained allusions to the above circumstance if it
were the current belief at the time.
" To give a check to the malice of the day," says Mur-
I phy, " Ned Moore wrote an ironical satire to anticipate
i every topic of malevolence, and thereby to silence the
j scribblers, and take the trade out of their hands."
The verses to which so much power is attributed
may be seen in Johnson's Poets, vol. Ixv. p. 25,
ed. 1790.*
Gait gives no authority for his statement, but
I think there is no doubt that it is taken from the
Memoirs of Charles Lee Lewis, published in 1805,
which is the only book I have seen containing
what purports to be "a circumstantial and au-
thentic account of Garrick's courtship and mar-
riage." The impression this conveys is, that it
is much too circumstantial to be authentic, an
impression in no way lessened on reading that it
was derived " from an aged domestic, who lived
at the time it happened at Burlington House, Pic-
cadilly."
The account is altogether too long for extract,
I must therefore refer those who wish to see it to
the Memoirs themselves in vol. ii. p. 67 ; briefly
related, it runs thus : —
The Earl of Burlington, when abroad, had an
amour with a young lady of family, of which Vio-
lette was the result. The Earl returned to Eng-
land before his daughter's birth, and, for family
considerations, soon afterwards married. Violetti's
mother died before she reached womanhood, and
a villain (so necessary to complete the melo-
drama) under whose care she was placed, applied
the funds sent by the Earl for his daughter's
support and education to his own use, and placed
his charge as a dancer at the theatre. The Earl
hearing of this caused her to be enticed to Eng-
land by the offer of a higher salary than she was
receiving, and subsequently took her to his house
as companion and teacher of Italian to his legiti-
mate daughter.
Then comes the'episode of the illness, and con-
fession of love, followed by an interview between
Lord Burlington and Garrick, during which no
doubt the " aged domestic " occupied a station at
the keyhole. .The concluding remark of the noble-
man is characterised by liberality and candour.
He says : —
"Do you think you could satisfactorily receive her
from my hands with a portion of ten thousand pounds —
and here let me inform you that she is my daughter."
The rest of course is all orange blossoms and
marriage bells.
It will be observed, that from the six thou-
sand pounds spoken of by Murphy (who says
that sum, left specially in the will, was the dowry),
the reported " good gifts " have been increased by
* This poem, though published as Moore's, was sup-
posed to have been written by Garrick himself. See Xote
prefixed to L. M. Hawkins's Anecdotes, vol. i. (1822.)
266
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. OCT. 4, '62.
a "casket of jewels," in one account, 'and the
amount brought up to ten thousand pounds in
another.
On the other side of the question appears the
following, which, had it been more definite, might
have been accepted as disproving Lewis's asser-
tions. As it is, it hardly appears to me to do
more than throw great doubt upon them. Mr. J.
T. Smith, formerly of the British Museum, records
a visit he made in August, 1829, to Garrick's
villa, then inhabited by Mr. Carr, who, if I mis-
take not, had been Mrs. Garrick's solicitor. After
other matters, he relates this conversation : —
" I naked his opinion as to the truth of the anecdote
related by Lee Lewis concerning ,Mrs. Garrick's mar-
riage.
" ' There certainly is,' he replied, ' a mystery as to who
her father wad.'
" Mrs. Carr observed, that after Mrs. Garrick had read
Lewis's assertions, she, with her usual vivacity, ex-
claimed < He is a great liar ! Lord Burlington was uot my
father ; but 1 am of noble birth.'
" « Is it true,' I asked, ' that Lord Burlington gave Mr.
Garrick 10.000/. to marry her?'
"•No; nor did Mrs. Gnrrick ever receive a sum of
money from Lord Burlington. She had only the interest
of 60UO/., and that she was paid by the late Duke of De-
vonshire.' " — Book for a Rainy Day (1845), p. 271.
This last negation loses much of its force if
Lewis be correct in stating that Lord Burling-
ton's (legitimate) daughter married the Marquis
of Harrington, who, at his father's death, be-
came Duke of Devonshire ; in this case, to have
received it from the latter would be no proof
that it was not the gift! of the former. Here
the matter rests as far as I can trace it, and
it appears to me that Mrs. Garrick's claim to be
of noble birth, without stating how derived,
amounts to an admission that she was a natural
daughter of some nobleman. If not of Lord Bur-
lington, then of whom ? To do her justice, she
was sensible enough to make no demands that
were not compatible with her position as Gar-
rick's wife ; and probably had little satisfaction
in any reference to the time when she danced
upon the stage, and was known by a name so
little distinguishing as Violetti — Violette, or, as
I have somewhere seen it, the German forerunner
of Veilchen or Veigl.
She was received into the best circles of her
time, and secured the esteem of all who knew
her.*
In illustration of "her usual. vivacity," J. T.
Smith relates as follows : —
"A stonemason brought in his bill with an overcharge
of sixpence more than the sum agreed upon, on which
occasion he endeavoured to appease her rage by thus ad-
dressing her: 'My dear Madam, consider.' 'My dear
• For an account of a dinner party at her house in the
Adelphi, when a widow, see Boswell's Johnson, vol. iv.
p. 63, ed. 1823 ; and of a visit paid to her at Hampton
Court by Queen Charlotte, Book for a Rainy Day, p. 219.
Madam ! What do you mean, you d d fellow ? Get
out of my house immediately. My dear Madam in-
deed ! "'
As a specimen of laconic writing these letters
are.hardly to be surpassed : —
" Dear Sir,— You cannot play Abel Drugger.
"Yours,
" EVA GABRICK."
" Dear Madam, — I know it.
« Yours,
"Emiuxn KI.AN.''
(.Life and Times of Charles Kean, vol. i. 49.)
Upon the occasion of visiting the museum to
inspect some engravings representing Garrick, she
said, addressing Mr. Smith, " I suppose now, Sir,
you wish to know my age. I was born in Vienna,
February 29, 1724, though my coachman insists
upon it I am over 100." Mrs. Garrick died
at her house in Adelphi Terrace on October 16,
1822. On that day she had ordered several
dresses to be looked out, that she might deter-
mine in which she would go to Drury Lane in
the evening. She was buried in Westminster
Abbey beside the remains of her husband, whom
she survived forty-three years, having, if the above
date of birth be correct, attained the extraor-
dinary age of ninety-eight. CHARLES WVLIE.
50, Devonshire Street, Portland Place. \V.
LOWNDES'S BIBLIOGRAPHER'S MANUAL.
KOTES OH THE KEW EDITION.
(Continued from 3rd S. ii. p. 205.)
No. V.
Culpeper (Sir Thomas). A Discourse on the
Abatement of Usury; with a Short Ap-
pendix. Lond. 1668. 4°. Again, Lond.
1670. 4°.
Omitted.
Culverwell (Ezekiel), A Treatise of Faith. Lond.
1629. 12°.
Omitted.
(Nath. M.A.), A Discourse of the Light
of Nature; with several other Treatises.
Lond. 1652. 4°. Again, Lond. 1661. 8°.
Omitted.
Cupid. Cupid's Cabinet Unlock't ; or Odes,
Epigrams, Songs, Sonnets, Poesies, &c. By
W. SHAKESPBAR. Lond. n. d. 12°.
No notice occurs of this volume. I have not Isaac
Reed's Catalogue at hand, but I have an impression that
he possessed this collection. The description of the book,
which I have not seen, is taken from a London book-
seller's Catalogue for 1862. The copy was imperfect.
Perhaps it was one of the unsold copies of Shakespeare's
Poems, 1640, 12°, with a new title-page.
Curtis (Martin), Art of Navigation, 1596.
The Manual does not notice the edition, Lond. IGfl
3rJ S. II. 0 CT. 4, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
267
Curtis (Richard, Bishop of Chichester), A Sermon
preached before the Queene's Majestie. Loud.
1573. 8°.
An edit. 1575, 8°, is at Oxford.
Customs.
Several works on old English customs will be found in
the Brit. Mus. Catalogues ; but none occurs here. The
art. Customs (Department of Revenue) is not satisfactory
or complete. <
Customer's (The) Apologie. n. p. or d. 4°.
Doubtless the work of Thomas Milles, who published
in 1604 77(e Customer's Replie, or Second Apology.
D. J. The Secrets of Angling. Lond. 1613. 12°-
An uncut copy of this, the first edition, occurred at an
auction a year or two ago, and fetched more than 18/.
As to the various impressions, see "N. & Q.1' 2nd S.
vi. 80, where the existence, or at least the publication of
four different editions of the book is intimated. Lowndes
mentions two only.
D., Sir J. Knight, Reason's Academy ; or A New
Post with a Sovereign Salve to cure the
World's Madness. Lond. 1620. 8°.
Under art. " Davies (Sir John) " this book is ascribed
to the author of Nosce Teipsum without any suggestion
that it may not have been from';his pen. Here Lowndes
says : " Query by Sir John Davies." In neither instance,
however, is an}' notice taken of the fact that, in 1605, the
same work was published with the name of " Robert
Mason, of Lincoln's Inn " on the title-page, as the author.
The edition of 1C05 also has the poem- in eleven six-line
stanzas, entitled " Reason's Moane " at the end, and per-
haps Davies is answerable for the latter, Mason merely
writing the prose portion.
Da (Edw.), The Prayse of Nothing. Lond. 1585,
4°.
Here Lowndes seems to have fallen into an error by
copying Herbert (p. 1134), who evidently never saw the
book which he describes. Edward Da ought to be Sir
Edward Dyer, who was a contributor to England's Heli-
con and other miscellanies of the time. His Praise of
Nothing has been reprinted by Mr. Collier.
Damon or Daman (Win.), The Paalmes of David
in English meeter. 1579.
This work is inserted under " Psalms," but not under
" Daman," the composer. There should at all events be
a cross-reference. A work of a somewhat similar cha-
racter, published by Daman in 1591, is duly registered
under his name. This arises from want of "consistency
and plan.
Daniel (George), Poems. 1647.
The original unpublished MS. was sold at Caldecott's
sale (1833) for 227.
Daniel (John), Songs for the Lute, jViol and
Voice. Lond. 1606. Folio.
Omitted.
(John, of Deesbury, Esq.), The Birth,
Life, and Death of the Jewish Unction.
Lond. 1651. 12°.
Omitted.
(Richard, Dean of Armagh), A Paraphrase
on some select Psalms. See PSALMS.
Daniel (Samuel), Works. Lond. 1602. Fol.
A few copies of this volume appear to have been
printed for private circulation in 1601. At Bridgewater
House there is one, I believe on large paper; and t!;e late
Mr. B. H. Bright had another. This impression is now-
very rare ; that of 1602 is quite common.
Whole workes in Poetrie. Lond. 1623
4°.
The frontispiece described by Lowndes does not belong
to this book, but to the complete edition of the Civil
Wars, which appeared in 1609. Some copies of the
Whole Works were still unsold in 1635, and were reissued
in that year by John Waterson (? the son of Simon),
under the title of "Drammaticlie Poems, written by Samuel
Daniell, Esquire, one of the Groomesofthe most Honour-
able Privie Chamber to Queene Anne." London : Printed
by T. Cotes for John Waterson, at the signe of the
Crowne, 1635.
Delia. Lond. 1592. 4°.
I have seen it stated somewhere, though I cannot find
or recollect the reference, that there was an edition of
Delia in 1592 in 16°. Has such an impression ever been
seen ? Is there a copy at Devonshire House ?
Daniel (Samuel), Delia and Rosamond aug-
mented.
An edit., 1598, 16°, of which no notice is here taken,
occurred in one of Mr. Halliwell's sales.
The First Fowre Bookes of the civile
Warres. Lond. 1595. 4°.
Some copies of this edit, of which there were two if
not three issues, with variations, in 1595, possess the 5th
book, which Lowndes supposes to have appeared for the
first time in 1599.
The Civile Wares. Lond. 1609. 4°.
This volume does not contain frontispiece and portrait
separate from each other ; but the portrait occupies the
lower part of the frontispiece, which is after all, more
strictly speaking, an engraved title-page.
Tragedie of Philotos. Lond. E. Blounr,
1607, 12°.
Philotas, not Philotos. Blount and Waterson were the
two stationers constantly and (with one exception) ex-
clusively intrusted by Daniel with the publication of his
poems ; and we suspect that it will be found on examin-
ation of this impression of Philotas, side b,v side with
that printed for Waterson in the same year in Certaine
Small Workes, that it is identical, with the exception of
the title-page. The probability is indeed, that the Certaine
Small Workes were on sale in 1607 by Blount as well as
by Waterson, and that the Philotas of 1607, quoted by
Lowndes as a complete book, is merely a fragment of one
of Blount's_copies.
Certaine Small Workes (including Philo-
tas.) Lond. 1607. 12°.
The same. Lond. 1611. 12°.
Two different editions of the same collection of pieces,
and not two separate and distinct publications, as we are
here led to suppose.
A Panegyricke congratulatorie &c. Load.
1603. 8°.
Originally published with the Works, Lond. 1602, folio.
The 8° of 1603 was the second, if not the third appear-
ance of the pamphlet. Perhaps there was an earlier
268
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"> S. II. OCT. 4, '62.
edition of Campion's Observations than any now known,
or perhaps Daniel had it in MS
Daniel (Samuel), Hymen's Triumph. A Pastorall
Tragi Comoedie. Presented at the Queene'a
Court in the Strand, at her Majestie's mag-
nificent entertainment of the King's most
excellent Majestie, being at the Nuptials of
the Lord Roxborough. Lond. Imprinted for
Francis Constable, 1615. 8°.
Omitted. Bandinel,; 1861, mor. 18L 5s.
Dansie (John), A Mathematical Manual for the
embatteling of Armies. Lond. 1627, 12°.
Omitted.
Darcie (Abraham), The Honour of Ladies, or a
true description of their Noble Perfections.
Lond. 1622. 8°.
Omitted.
Original of Idolatries; or, the Birth of
Heresies. 1624, 4°.
Omitted.
Davenant (Sir Wm.), Madagascar and other
Poems. Lond. 1635. 12°.
1635 ought to be 1638.
, Certaine Verses written by
several of the Author's Friends. Lond. 1653,
12°.
This is not a satire on the times, but on Davenant
himself, who is represented by one of his assailants as
bearing a grudge against Ovid, because he was called
Naso.
Davenport (Chr.), Deus; Natura; Gratia. Lug-
duni, 1634. Fol.
Omitted. Bliss, 1858, large paper, Sir K. Digby's
copy, 21. 12».
• — (Francis), alias Franciscus a Sancta Clara.
This person, who is sometimes confounded with Chris-
topher, published several works, a list of which will be
found in Watt's Btbliotheca. They should have been
given in the Manual. Christopher Davenport is not
even mentioned by Lowndes or his new editor.
Davies (Lady Eleanor), Blasphemous Charge
against her for writing Expositions of divers
parts of the Chapters of Daniel. 1649, 4°.
Tobit's Book, a Lesson appointed'for Lent
1652. 4°.
Both omitted.
Davies (John, of Hereford), A Scourge for Paper-
Persecutors. Lond. 1625. 4°.
An edit., Lond. 1624, 4°, is in the Bodleian.
(Sir John), Hymnes of Astraea, in acrostic
verse. Lond. 1599. 4°. Another edition,
Lond. 1618. 8°.
Omitted. Both impressions are in the Bodleian Li-
brary.
Orchestra. Lond. 1596.
This volume is an 8°. There is a copy in Malone's
Collection at Oxford, so that it can scarcely be said to
have " escaped the researches of modern collectors." A
second copy is at Bridgewater House.
Davies (Sir John), Discoverie of the true Causes
why Ireland was never entirely subdued.
A second edition appeared, Lond. 1613. 4°.
Davison (Francis), A Poetical Rapsody, 1602.
Pearson's copy was bought for a trifle by Malone
(6*. 6dL I think), and is. now among M.'a books at Ox-
ford. It is imperfect, but no other seems to have turned
up. The volume is an 8°.
Day (Angel), Daphnis and Chloe, excellently
describing the weight of affection, the sim-
plicitie of love, the purport of honest meaning,
&c. finished in a Pastorall, and interlaced
with the praises of a most peerlesse Princesse,
&c., and celebrated within the same Pastor all,
and therefore termed by the name of the
SHEPHEABD'S HOLIDAIE. Lond. 1587. 4°.
Omitted. Bliss, 1858, 222. The book is in prose and
verse.
Death. Here begynneth1, a Treatise how the hye
Fader of Heven &c. Lond. by John Skot,
n. d. 4°.
This is the moral play of Every Man, of which there
was an edition by Pynson, and two by Skot, one with
and one without a colophon. According to Botfield
there was formerly a copy of one of Skot's editions in
Lincoln Cathedral library, but perhaps this was the same
as that which occurred at Jolley's sale in 1844. The
manner in which this article is introduced, piecemeal,
under two different heads ; viz. " Death " and " 5lan," and
in both cases obscurely, inaccurately, and incompletely, is
very curious.
Debtor. The Cruell Debter. Loiid. by Wayer.
This ludicrous entry requires explanation. During the
reign of Elizabeth there were two dramatists named
Wager, and one of them, probably William Wager, wrote
a play called the Cruel Debtor, in which the interlocutors
are Rigour, Flattery, Simulation, &c. A fragment of this
drama (a portion of sign. C. iii.) is among Bagford's col-
lections at the British Museum. A perfect copy does not
seem to be known, and Mr. Collier (Extracts from the
Registers of the Stationers' Company, i. 135) confesses his
ignorance of the production, although licensed in 1565-G,
and proved to have been printed.
Decker (Thomas), The Guls Horne-Booke. Lond.
1609. 4°.
Copies are in the British Museum, in the Bodleian, and
at Bridgewater House. Jolley, 1843, imperfect,
Canaans Calamitie, &c.
An unnoticed edition, Lond. 1625, 4°.
Four Birds, 1609.
The only copy yet found of this little book wanted the
title-page, and the title here given I conceive to be
merely conjectural. The order in which the " Four Birds"
occur "in the volume is The Pelican, the Eagle, the Phoenix,
and the Dove.
Defoe (Daniel), The true Relation of the Appari-
tion of one Mrs. Veal. Lond. 1705. 4°.
Printed by Hazlitt as well as by Lewis.
3rd S. II. OCT. 4, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
Defoe, Daniel, A Hymn to Peace. Lond. 1706,
4°.
Another edit. Lond. 1709, 8".
Christian Conversation, 1720. 8°.
One of the doubtful pieces, but printed by Hazlitt.
For two pieces most probably from Defoe's pen, but not
noticed by Lowndes or his new Editor, see " N. & Q."
1" S. iii. 195.
Narrative of the Proceedings in France
for discovering and detecting the Murderers
of the English Gentlemen, Sept. 21, 1793
(sic), near Calais. Translated from the
French. Lond. 1724. 8°.
Possibly not by Defoe, but printed as such by HazlitL
Deloney (Thomas), Strange Histories.
The earliest edition mentioned here is that of 1612, 4°.
But there was one in 1607, 12°.
Thomas of Reading.
An edition printed by John Deacon. See Sill Far-
meriana, No. 5885. The fifth edit, appeared in 1623, 4°.
— — History of the Gentle Craft.
Generally ascribed to Deloney on the authority of the
author of Kemp's Nine Dates Wonder, 1600. It is not,
however, inserted here under DELONEY, but one is re-
ferred to CKAFT, where one is sent back to Deloney, and
referred to CRISPIN, where one finds nothing but a vague
statement that there were several editions in 4° and 12°.
The following is the title of the first edition : " The His-
toric of the Gentle Craft, a most merry and pleasant His-
tory, very fit to passe away the tediousness of the long
Winter's Evenings. Lond. E. White, 1598, 4°." There
were other editions in 1632, 1648, 1670, 1674, 1676, 1678,
all, I think, in 4°.
Three broadsides on the Spanish Armada,
all printed in 1588, and all in verse.
Omitted. Keprinted together iii a little 12° vol. in
1860.
Jacke of ITewbery.
The earliest edition here quoted is 1633. But the tract
was first printed in 1596 or 1597, and there was an edi-
tion (the eighth) in 1619, 4°. The tenth edition was
printed Lond. 1626, 4°.
The Garland of Good-Will.
There was an edition in 1688. An edition which, from
the appearance of the type, was printed probably in the
early part of the seventeenth century, was sold among
Miss Currer's books in August, 1862. The copy was un-
fortunately defective, wanting the title and other leaves.
A most joyfull Songe, made Anno 1586.
By the same person who wrote the Garland of Good-
Will, Sec., though here inserted as if by another Deloney.
The "Declaration made by the Archbishop of Collen,"
Lond. 1583, 12°, I have never seen, and therefore cannot
speak as to the authorship ; but both pieces were in all
probability by one and the same writer.
W. CABEW HAZLITT.
PASSAGE IN HAMLET.
There is a passage in Shakspeare's Hamlet
which has caused the commentators some trouble,
as it stands in the early editions ; and of which I
beg leave to offer an explanation which renders
any change in the original text unnecessary. The
passage I allude to is in the 4th Scene of the 1st
Act ; in the conversation Hamlet has with Hora-
tio, just before the appearance of the Ghost. The
quarto of 1604 reads : —
" The dram of eale
Doth all the noble substance of a doubt
To his owne scandle."
Steevens endeavoured to make a meaning by the
following change of the text : —
" The dram of base
Doth all the noble substance often dout [i. e. do out],
To his own scandal " ;
which is certainly bad enough, but Malone pro-
posed : —
" The dram of base
Doth all the noble substance of worth dout •
To his own scandal ;"
which is a falling from bad to worse. All the
stance " a verb, of which " doth " is its auxiliary.
Thus : —
" The dram of eale " [i. e. ill, or evil which is in a.
man,] " doth all the noble " [t. e. nobleness which is in
him,] "substance of" [i. e. with, a sense common in early
English writers,] "a doubt" [which works] "to his
owne scandle."
The sentence should be read with brief pause
after " noble " : —
" The dram of eale doth all the noble, substance of a
doubt to his owne scandle."
" Substance " is used in its metaphysical sense :
meaning, to imbue with a certain essence. " The
dram of ill, or evil in a man, transubstantiates the
noble," — it essences the nobility of his nature.
This explanation has at least the merit of being
less forced than those given by Steevens and
Malone.
As a proof that Shakspeare was acquainted
with the metaphysical sense of " substance," the
expression of Lady Macbeth, in Act I. Sc. 5, may
be cited : —
" Come to my woman's breasts,
And take my milk for gall, you mnrd'ring ministers,
Wherever, in your sightless substances,
You wait on Nature's mischief ! "
" Sightless substances," i. e. (" sightless " being
used objectively,) invisible substances, pure es-
sences, with no phenomenal attributes.
Chaucer, in The Prologe of the Nonne Prestes
Tale (v. 14809 of Tyrwhitt's edition, v. 16289 of
Wright's,) uses the word substance to express the
essential character or nature of a man : an evi-
dence that the meaning I have given to the word
in the passage in Hamlet is not peculiar to modern
philosophy, but is as old as the language.
The Host objects to the Monk's Tale, as being
270
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"« S. II. Ocr. 4, '62.
too dull for the occasion ; and, that the fault may
not be thought to lie in himself, says : —
" And well I wot the substance is in me,
If eny thing schal wel reported be."
That is, I am so substanced, so constituted, so
tempered, such is my cast of spirit, that I can
apprqpiate and respond to, as well as the]] next
man, a good story well told.
You will much oblige me by giving this a place
in " N. & Q." So far as my knowledge extends,
no such explanation has as yet been given of the
passage in Hamlet. HIRAM CORSON.
Philadelphia, U. 8.
DARES AND DICTYS.
Speaking of the reign of Henry I. of England,
Dr. Lingard mentions the publication of Geoffry
of Monmoulh's History of Britain, and of Arch-
bishop Turpin's History of Charlemagne. He
then proceeds thus : —
" About the same time, the adventures of Alexander the
Great, by the pretended Dares Phrygius and Dictys
Cretensis, were brought by some of the Crusaders into
Europe. These three works supplied an inexhaustible
store of matter for writers in verse and prose ; the gests
of Alexander, and Arthur, and Charlemagne, were re-
peated and embellished in a thousand forms : spells and
enchantments, giants, hypogriphs [hippogryphs] and
dragons, ladies confined in durance by the power of ne-
cromancy, and delivered from confinement by the courage
of their knights, captivated the imagination of our an-
cestors; and a new species of writing was introduced,
which retained its sway for centuries, and was known by
the appellation of Romance; because it was originally
written in the Gallic idiom, an idiom corrupted from the
ancient language of Rome." — History of England, vol. ii.
p. 222, edit. 1823.
It is clear that Dr. Lingard never could have
looked into Dictys Cretensis, or Dares Phrygius ;
and that he could not even have read a descrip-
tion of their contents, which, as is well known,
relate exclusively to the Trojan war : and have
no more to do with Alexander the Great than
with Julius Caesar, or with Godfrey of Bouillon.
It is, however, true that the poets, and other
writers of the Middle Age, drew their accounts of
the Trojan war from these Latin histories. Guido
of Colonna, a native of Messina, composed a His-
tory of Troy in Latin, after Dictys and Dares, in
1287; but with additional matter of his own.
This book was printed several times in the fif-
teenth century. It was translated into French ;
and an English translation of it was printed by
Caxton, in 1471. Lydgate's History, Siege^ and
Destruction of Troy, published in 1555, was
founded on the work of Guido ; and Shakspeare
was indebted for the story of Troilus and Cressida
to Lydgatc. See the note of Steevens prefixed
to this play. Concerning the poem of Lydgate,
see Ellis's Early English Poets, vol. i. p. 280.
L.
&iinar fioteii.
ORIGINAL UNPUBLISHED LETTERS OP JOHN
KNOX, THE SCOTTISH REFORMER. — In a recent
number (1821) of the Athenceum, there appeared
an intimation, that —
" Previous to 1840, when Mr. Carlylc delivered in
London bis lectures on ' Heroes and Hero Worship.' the
name of John Knox, as an arrogant northern Jutun,
might be known to most of his audience, but little be-
yond that The seed sown by Mr. Curl vie by a fortunate
accident has turned out highly productive ; and, among
other fruits arising from this increased interest in Knox,
we are to have toon, from a tried and competent historian,
a volume of history devoted to this particular period, in
which tome 1,300 letters of Knox'*, never before published,
will be made the basis of some chapters on Scottish
aflairs."
Now, at this period of time, this is certainly
a most startling and important piece of informa-
tion ; and if really true, I would ask, nay respect-
fully solicit the " tried and competent historian"
to put himself in communication with Mr. David
Laing (of the Signet Library, Edinburgh), who
is now engaged in passing through the press the
sixth and concluding volume of his series of the
first collected, and only complete edition of the
Works of John Knox : for I feel assured Mr.
Laing will be delighted with, and very grateful
for such information. The accession of 1,300
new and additional unpublished letters of John
Knox is a treasure, and would be of great value
to Mr. Laing. Where have they been found ? —
is the question asked here.
JOHN A. STEVENSON.
Edinburgh.
ALCHEMY. — We have lately been favoured
with some amusing Notes on astrology. As anti-
quaries, we should not forget their cousins the
alchemists. I have before me a little book called
Secrets Revealed, or an open Entrance to the Shot-
Palace of the King, by Eirenseus Philaletha (pro-
bably Vaughan), London, 1669. The 13th chapter
I think deserves a note, it being the coolest piece of
writing, and the most intrepid of all assurances
that may probably be met with. It appears the
making any quantity of gold or silver was to him
(the author) the easiest thing imaginable. The
difficulty (let the nineteenth century hear it) was
to get rid of it. He tells us the metals he made
were so fine, that the goldsmiths knew they were
not natural products. He says, p. 38 : —
" We have known the time that when we would have
sold so much pure silver as was of six hundred pounds
value (in a forreigu country), being cloathed like Mer-
chants (for we durst not adulterate it because almost all
Countries hath its standing Balance of the goodness of
Silver and Gold, which tho Goldsmiths do easily know
in the Mass; that we should pretend It was brought
from hence or thence, they would presently distinguish
by their Probe, or Tryal, and apprehend the Seller) they
presently said unto us that brought it, This Silver is made
by Art. We demanded the reason of their saying so. They
3'J S. II. OCT. 4, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
271
replied only thus; The Silver that comes out of England,
Jr>pain, &c., we are not now to learn how to know it, but this
is not any of these kinds: which when we heard we pri-
vily withdrew, and left both the Silver, and the price of
it, never more demandable."
Wliy any man, who was a chemist, able to make
gold and silver in any quantity, should not know
how to alloy it to the standard of the country he
was in, our author does not condescend to inform
us. At the end of the work he says, " the Adeptist
(of whom he is the model) hath this field of con-
tent(!), first, if he should live 1000 years, and
every day provide for 1000 men," he should have
plenty to do it with ; secondly, he tells us he can
" make precious stones and gems such as cannot
be paralleled in Nature for goodness and great-
ness;" and, lastly, that he or any " one true Adep-
tist can easily cure all the sick people in the
world." If Eugenius Philaletha be still living
(and the 1000 years are not nearly out since
1669), and he would go over to New York, he
probably would be heartily welcomed. All books
on alchemy are now so excessively scarce, and
their general contents so little known, I believe I
need not apologise for this Note on one of the
popular credulities of the seventeenth century.
A. A.
Poets' Corner.
TEN COMMANDMENTS IN HEXAMETER VERSE. —
In the Libellus de Modo Confitendi et Penitendi,
printed at Antwerp in 1485 by Gerard Leeu, the
following short and curious summary is to be
found : —
" Unum crede Deum, nee jures vane per ipsum,
Sabbata sanctiiice?, Habeas in honore parentcs,
Non sis Occisor, Fur, Moechus, Testis iniquus,
Alterius nuptam, nee rem cupias alienam."
These lines are preceded by the following : —
" Decem prsecepta domini Moysi scripta,
In tabulis binis lex est descripta petrinis.
The same book contains other summaries which
are equally curious. B. H. C.
CRINOLINE. — In the course of a month or two,
we shall again be thinking with complacency of a
tire in our sitting- rooms, and benevolence sug-
gests the increased danger of combustion in con-
nection with crinoline. Have you heard the new
name for a crinoline dress ? — The "SAN-BENITO."
A LOVEE OF THE FAIR.
SUGGY. — A Huntingdonshire woman said to me
that her child did not sit so heavy in her arms
now as he did in the winter, and that he was not
" near so suggy" By " suggy," she meant a
heavy dead weight, an inert mass. The word is
new to me, and I cannot find it in any provincial
glossary. CUTHBERT BEDE.
AN EFFIGIAC ENIGMA.
In SoutfrLuffenham (Rutland) church, there is
a recumbent effigy of Ketton stone. It evidently
represents a person who had recently arrived at
manhood, or womanhood. The date of the monu-
ment is the fourteenth century, and the work is
very fresh throughout. On the face of the pedes-
tal or table, below the head, in a quatrefoil, is
a Norman shield charged with a bend, engrailed
(Culpeper) ; a label in chief of three points. The
head of the effigy is within a trefoil, under a
crocketed canopy ; a hood fitting close to the
skull, the same portion of dress extending to be-
low the shoulders. The head rests upon a lozenge-
shaped cushion, and under this is a square cushion.
The habit from the hood has straight folds, ex-
tending to the ankles, the covering for the face
being pointed. I cannot find any examples of
secular costume resembling this belonging to the
fourteenth or any other century ; but the head-
gear resembles hood-mould terminations occa-
sionally seen about work of the decorated period —
a face in a hood, nearly circular. This effigy is
generally believed . to be that of a female ; but
that it represents this sex I am inclined to doubt,
thinking it probable the costume is that of a
monk — a Dominican friar. It is within memory
when, on every feast Sunday, a sickle was placed
upon the neck of this effigy ; and considering this
fact, I wish to offer this suggestion : — That the
person here represented was engaged in a con-
flict ; that he killed his adversary, and that from
feelings of remorse, in having taken away the life
of a fellow creature, and probably that of a
friend, he retired to a monastery, and did not
survive long after the fatal event. A label in
chief of three points, as the readers of " N. & Q."
know, represents the arms of the eldest son during
the lifetime of the father. Would a similar label
be adopted for the eldest daughter also ? If not,
this fact alone would go far to determine the sex
of the deceased. In Connington church, Hunts,
there is an effigy of a soldier- monk ; a coat of
chain mail being seen under a monastic dress.
STAMFORDIENSIS.
STRANGE SALE OF BOOKS.
In a book published in 1858 by Abel Hay wood,
No. 58, Oldham Street, Manchester, entitled The
Hawkers and Street Dealers of the North of Eng-
land Manufacturing Districts, the following ac-
count is given (p. 81), under the article " Hand-
Sellers of Books : " —
" As a proof that these dealers in old books sometimes
meet with great bargains, I will relate an instance that
occurred to a dealer in old books at Manchester, in the
purchaser's own words : —
"•In the early part of 1819 (a mistake; it should be
272
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3* S. II. OCT. 4, 'G?.
1809 or 1810), a man of the name of John Webster, who
kept a shop for the sale of second-hand clothes in Turner
Street came to me at my stall, and said — 'James, I un-
derstand thou buys old books.' I answered ' Yes, I do.'
' Well, then,' said he, ' I know where there is a lot they
want to get rid of badly. I bought all their old clothes
yesterday, and had as many as almost filled my shop for
a trifle.' ' How many books have they,' I asked ? ' O
many thousands,' he replied ; ' and they can be bought
at your own price, as the woman in charge of the bouse
is anxious to give up the key.' At this time a man of
the name of James'.Crook kept a paper shop close to my
stall in the Market Place. We were on very friendly
terms, and I went and told him of the bargain I thought
I could get if I could raise money enough. So it was
agreed between us that he should find the whole of the
money required to purchase the books, and I was to allow
him five pounds for the use of it, the principal to be paid
as soon as the books were resold. Accordingly, he pat
forty pounds in his pocket, and we all three went to the
bouse where the books were. The house was in Oldham
Street, next door to the chapel (the New Connection Me-
thodist Chapel.') We knocked at the door, and a young
woman answered, — thai same as Webster had bought the
old clothes from. Webster having introduced me as a
buyer of old books, she said she was glad we bad come,
and at once showed us into the room where lay the .old
books. The number quite startled me ; they lay in a
heap in the middle of the room, many of them good
books, and in excellent condition. I began to think we
had not brought money enough to buy them, for up to
that time not a word had been said about the price, so I
broke the ice by saying — ' What are your instructions
respecting them ? ' She said she had no instructions at
all,, more than she was to dispose of them for what they
would fetch ; and that she was tired of stopping in the
house alone, and that she was anxious to sell, that she
might get away. I did not know what to bid, so said it
was no use stopping if she would not put a price upon
them, and turned to go away. When she saw this, she
called out, ' Will you give five-and -twenty shillings for
them ? ' I was completely stunned, and could scarcely
believe that I heard aright. Thinking, however, that
she would probably take an even pound, I bid her seven-
teen shillings for them ; and, to my still further surprise,
she said — ' Well, give me the money, and take them
away.' I gave Crook five pounds for coming with the
money (although it was not used), and I gave Webster a
pound-note — all he asked — for the introduction. Web-
ster was afterwards in Lavender's police. He is yet
living, and keeps an old iron stall opposite the Rising
Sun in Swan Street. The books I sold for considerably
over a hundred pounds. There was a mystery attending
them when I purchased them which I could not under-
stand, and which time has not enabled me to solve.' "
Can any reader of " N. & Q." throw any light
upon this very curious narrative ? F. R. S.
ANONYMOUS. — Who is the author of An Old
Man's Lesson, and a Young Man's Love, 1605 ?
This old poem was edited by Nich. Breton, to
whom the authorship was unknown. 2. The Tus-
can Treaty, or Tarquin's Overthrow, 1733. This
play was revised and produced by Mr. Bond, with
a prologue by Aaron Hill. It is said to have been
written by "a Gentleman deceased." Who was
he? 3. Nayland's Miscellanies and Dramatic
Satire, 1735 ? Who was this author ? R. I.
BAPTISTERIES. — I am anxious to know the date
of the earliest mention of baptisteries in the Chris-
tian era. " A. D. 323, when Constantino gave his
basilica to Pope Sylvester, who built a baptistery
at the back," is the first notice I have been able
to find of one.
I should also be glad if you could inform me of
any in England besides Luton in Bedfordshire,
which is not a good example, being in the church
and moveable, instead of the exedrae, and also
about where the general position, the authorities I
have been able to refer to being unsatisfactory.
BAPTISMAL INQUIRER.
CHARLES BOWLES, ESQ. — DR. RIMBACLT has
favoured us (ante, p. 254) with such an amusing
account of Bowles and Carver, the print-sellers of
St. Paul's Churchyard, as nearly to charm me
from my object, which was the genealogy of the
Sheriff for the county of Surrey in 1794, who is
mentioned in Lysons's Environs of London, vol. ii.
p. 302, and vol. iii. p. 475. The great grand-
father of the Mr. Bowles I allude to was the first
manufacturer of crown glass in this kingdom.
He formerly possessed the manor of SufTolks, En-
field, which he sold, and afterwards purchased
the large property now belonging to Joshua Bates,
Esq., of East- Sheen. The influence of Mr. Bowles
on the manufacture of plate-glass appears in Lord
Auckland's Journal, vol. i. p. 158. A son of Mr.
Bowles, I have heard, had a living in Surrey, and
another was an officer in the militia of one of the
home counties. 2. 2.
DOMESDAY -BooK. — I should be glad to be
directed to any explanation of the words se de-
fendebant, not unfrequently occurring in Domes-
day, e. g. under Dorchester : Hce pro omni servitio
regis se defendebant, et geldabant pro x hidis.
Elsewhere it is, ad omne servitium regis.
Mr. Basavi Sanders of the Record Office trans-
fates the words thus : " These were rated for all
the King's service, and paid geld for ten hides."
The Rev. W. Bawdwen, in his translation, pub-
lished in the second edition of Hutchins, gives
them, I think (for I have not the book before me) :
" These answered for, &c."
In Adelung's Du Cange, there is a reference to
Domesday, but no explanation of the phrase.
What I want is, not only its meaning, but also
how it came by that meaning.
My own strong impression, not by any means
diminished by a correspondence in your last
volume is, that the phraseology of Domesday, now
happily presented to us by Sir H. James veluti in
specula, demands a little more careful examina-
tion before extensions and versions should be
ventured upon. C. W. BINGHAM.
DRAWINGS BY BENTLEY. — Can you inform me
who is the present possessor of the Design* by
Bentley, i. e. drawings to illustrate six of Gray's
3rd S. II. OCT. 4, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
273
poems ; published in 1752, and preserved in the
library at Strawberry Hill, according to the note
(p. xxix.) in the Life of Gray prefixed to the
Aldine Edition of 1851 ? C. B.
FOREIGN CITIZENSHIP OF THE SCOTS. — The fol-
lowing letter was written by the eldest son of
" Scotland's most illustrious son," and is addressed
to the editor of the Dumfries Courier : —
" 12, English Street, Dumfries,
3rd January, 1857.
" DEAR SIB. — It is possible that the truly noble and
gallant Kossuth may not be aware of the fact I am
going to state. A member of the family of Douglas,
and a number of his countrymen, happened to be in exile
from their native land, .and to be residing at Dantzic.
The army of Sigismund, King of Poland, made a furious
attack on one of the gates, which was successfully de-
fended by Douglas and his companions ; and ever since,
all persons born in Scotland are citizens of Dantzic.
" Every person born in Scotland is also a citizen of
France, by a law made by Francis II., the husband of
our unhappy Mary : and consequently, by the Code Na-
poleon, is entitled to all the privileges of a Frenchman.
" I am, &c.
" ROBERT BURN."
I should be glad of some further particulars
relative to the above curious letter. ABERDEEN.
" FOREIGN LIBRARIES." — Who is the author of
a little 12mo book entitled, —
" A Critical and Historical Account of all the Cele-
brated Libraries in Foreign Countries, as well Ancient as
Modern, with General Reflections upon the Choice of
Books, and the Method of furnishing Libraries. A Work
of great Use to all Men of Letters. By a Gentleman of
the Temple. London : Printed for J. Jolliffe in St. James's
Street, 1739."
We are told on the second page of the Preface :
" That should the present work meet with the appro-
bation of the Public, the Author will proceed with the
Libraries of these Kingdoms."
Did he proceed with the work here mentioned,
and was it ever published ? H. TAYLOB.
"THE GOSPEL SHOP." — Who is the author of
The Gospel Shop, a comedy in Five Acts, 8vo,
1778 ; with Prologue and Epilogue by R. Hill,
Esq., of Cambridge ? This satire on the Methodists
appears to have been suppressed. The name,
R. Hill, was probably fictitious. See Watt's
Bibliotheca. R. 1.
SECRETARY JOHNSTON AND LADY MAR. — I
have stumbled on the following passage in The
Macpherson Papers, ii. 612 : —
" Mr. Johnston, who was formerly Secretary of State
in Scotland, told L'Hermitage, that the plan was formed
for bringing in the Pretender, but that it was communi-
cated only to four persons. He dined that day with Lord
Mar, who married his niece."
Mar was twice married. To which of his wives
does the writer refer? The passage quoted is
avowedly an extract, and without date ; but in-
ferentially, the date ought to be May, 1714. If
this inference be correct, the niece referred to
must have been the daughter of Thomas, Earl of
Kinoull, by Elizabeth, daughter of the Earl of
Strathallane ; as Mar did not marry his second
wife, Lady Frances Pierpont, till July, 1714.
T. J. A.
MONUMENTAL EITIGIES. — Can any of your con-
tributors inform me of whom the following effigies
are in memory ? One is that of a knight clad in
the chain mail of the Crusaders, lying crosslegged
with a dog at his feet, and on whose breast is a
shield with arms, viz. a bend between six ham-
mers.
The other represents a woman holding two
escutcheons, one in her right hand, viz. on a fesse,
three fleurs-de-lis — in her left on a bend between
six martlets. On the right side of her head an
escutcheon bearing the same arms, on the left
side a field and chief. Qy. : Did she belong to
the family of William de Fortibus, who bore arg.,
a_chief gules ?
There is another monument with a shield ;
arms, on a bend between two frets, three fleurs-
de-lis.
This latter represents the figure of a knight,
exquisitely wrought in marble, laid on a splendid
marble tomb, though both are now much muti-
lated ; but I think the knight has been clad in a
complete suit of plate mail. Ignorant of heraldry,
I have given Dr. Burton's descriptions of the
escutcheons. W. W.
GABRIEL NAUDE, THE JESUIT.— I have a little
book, " Considerations Politiquessur Coups tfEstat,
par Gabriel Naude, Parisieu." It is imprinted
" sur la copie de Rome, 1677," and proceeds to
justify, in the course of five chapters, every spe-
cies of political villany, including murder, on the
strength of classical quotations employed exactly
as divines do texts of Scripture. But the book
has not been intended for the learned merely, as
the citations are all rendered somewhat literally
into French at the bottoms of the pages. This
book must have a history. There is an Ad-
vice to the Reader, stating that it had been
originally composed for the satisfaction of one
individual only, and no more than twelve copies
thrown off". That individual would appear to
have been the Cardinal de Bagni, to whom it
is inscribed as " mon tres-bon et tres-honore
Maistre." Whilst in one of those complimentary
poems which it was customary to prefix to the
works of the period, a friend of the author's, " Jac.
Bouchard, a Rome," writes of him admiringly : —
" C'est que ssachant si bien le naturel des Grands,
Leur maxime et leurs COUPS, vous soyez si long-temps
Reste dans une vie innocente et priveV'
I think I know who Bouchard was ; but what
is known of Naude, and where is there anything
of his history, or of that of his book ?
SHOLTO MACDUIT.
274
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[S'<i S. II. OCT. 4, 'G2.
SIB PHEMM O'NRILL'S MSS. — What became
of the papers and MSS. of Sir Phelitn O'Neill of
1641? particularly of his mock commission from
Charles I. to wage war in his name. Do any of
his descendants live in Tyrone now ? ULSTEB.
A SCOTTISH ACBT.DAMA. — In the course of a
controversial correspondence in a country paper,
between a Mr. " Churchward " and a Mr. Paull,
the latter, who is an Independent minister, makes
the following statement : —
" I might point him to the history of Scotland, where
I have seen one monument which commemorates the
murder of 18,000 Presbyterians by ' black prelacy.' "
Will some of your readers inform me : 1. Where
this monument, which was seen by Mr. Paull,
exists? 2. What was the event which it is said
to record P 3. And who were the " black " pre-
lates, thus charged with so foul a " murder" ?
I have examined many historical works to dis-
cover, if possible, some details of this tragedy ;
but, as yet, I have no other evidence than the
statement of this gentleman. Such a question as
this ought to elicit an early reply.
CHESSBOBOCOH.
SAMUEL SLIPPER. — In Blomefield's History of
Norfolk, p. 237, in the List of the Rectors of
Sopham, occurs the following: —
" 1681, 2 May. Samuel Slipper, A.M. Chaplain to the
Duke of Norfolk on Salmon's death. John Meek and
John Jay patrons for this turn."
Could any of your readers enlighten me as to
the family of the above rector, or inform me the
arms he bore ? OXOMENSIS.
S. BOTOLPH : FARTHELL. — The two following
Queries arise out of Mr. Smiles' s Lives of En-
gineers : —
In vol. i. p. 254, note, Mr. Smiles derives the
name "Boston" (correctly enough, I have no
doubt,) from " Botolph's Town." But he takes
S. Botolph for a contracted form of S. Bartholo-
mew. Is there any foundation for this notion ?
I always thought S. Botolph was a " pious
Saxon."*
Vol. i. p. 293. The Gravesend men undertake
to carry passengers from London " for twopence
each one with his farthell" which word is ex-
plained parenthetically to mean "a truss of
straw.'1 Is there any reason why " fart hull " or
"fardel" should not mean the bundle, or baggage,
which each man carried with him ? His luggage
in fact. The document is of the time of Richard
II- S. C.
STEWAHT or BBUGH : SMITH. — Andrew Smith,
the seventh son (but eventually the second sur-
viving son) of Patrick Smith, of Braco and
Methven, born about 1635, married a daughter
[• Respecting S. Botolph, a Saxon saint, see " N. & Q."
1* S. v. 476, 566; vii. 193; 2<« S. xi 90.— ED.]
of Stewart of Brugh, in Orkney; and left a son
Robert. I am anxious to trace this Robert and
his descendant, who are the oldest cadets of the
family of Braco and Methven. I have reason to
believe he went into the church. Was he the
Robert Smith who married Margaret Cummin, and
had a daughter Margaret, in 169G ? (Register of
Kirkwall, Orkney). Who is Robert Smyth, elected
Provost of Perth, in 1689, by a commission : one
of whom is Patrick Smyth, of Braco ? (See The
Muses' Thrcnodie.)
I will be glad of a reference to a pedigree of
the Stewarts of Brugh, or any information about
them. 2. e.
WEST HUMBLE CHAPEL. — Can nny reader
of " N. & Q." tell me where I can learn the his-
tory of an old chapel, of which three sides still
remain, in West Humble Lane, in the parish of
Mickleham, about half a mile from Burford
Bridge ?
There is a foot-bridge on the river Mole, in the
parish of Mickleham, called " Pray " Bridge ; and
there is a lane, " Paternoster Lane," on the other
side. If the Canterbury Pilgrims from the west
traversed the north downs, as is supposed, they
must have descended into the valley of Mickle-
ham ; as there is there a gap in the chain, caused
by the passage of the river Mole.
The manor of West Humble, the advowson of
Dorking and Mickleham, and much other pro-
perty in the neighbourhood, belonged to the
Priory of Reigate. Hence it has been believed
that this chapel was in connexion with this priory.
(See Manning and Bray's Surrey, vol. i. p. 296 :
" Charge at Court Baron, at Reigate, A.D. 1644."
See Ibid., vol. i. p. 296, sect. 8 and 10 : •« Tem-
poralities of Reigate Priory.")
But there was another manor adjoining, called
Polesden Lacey (Ibid., vol. ii. p. 657). Under
the account of this manor, the chapel is men-
tioned ; though unfortunately the account of the
descent of the manor begins from 1566 only.
From the Patent Rolls, 9 Henry IV., it appears
that this manor previously belonged to the Ab-
bey of Merton. Perhaps from these hints some
Surrey antiquary may be enabled to solve the
query. C. D.
JOHN TWEDDELL : ATHENIAN STUART. — Can
you inform me what are the dates of the birth and
death of Mr. Tweddell, a Fellow of Trinity Col-
lege, Cambridge, who died at Athens, and was
buried in the Acropolis ? A beautiful copy of
Greek iambics, by way of epitaph, was written
on the occasion, which perhaps some classic reader
may also be able to furnish. I have seen it in
print, but where I cannot at this present moment
recollect
s. II. OCT. 4, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
275
Required further, the dates of the birth and
death, and a few other particulars of Mr. Stuart,
commonly known as "Athenian Stuart."
OXONIENSIS.
[John Tweddell was born on the 1st of June, 1769, at
Threepwood, near Hexham. At the age of nine years he
was sent to school at Hartforth near Richmond, in York-
shire; from thence he was taken to Cambridge, after
having spent some time under the tuition of the celebrated
Dr. Parr. The Prolusiones Juveniles, published in 1793,
furnish an ample testimony to the extent and versati-
lity of his talents. In 1792 he was elected Fellow of
Trinity College, and soon after entered of the Middle
Temple. To qualify himself for the diplomatic line, he
went to Hamburgh in 1795. In Switzerland, Russia,
Poland, and several parts of the East, he continued his
indefatigable course of study and observation. After
visiting the Greek Islands, he had fixed his residence at
Athens, investigating every minute particular of its in-
teresting remains, where he fell a sacrifice to an aguish
complaint, contracted while travelling among the Swiss
mountains, on July 25, 1799. He was buried in the
Temple of Theseus at Athens, and a plain marble, with an
elegant and classical inscription in Greek verse, by the
Rev. Robert Wai pole, has been erected on the spot This
epitaph, with an English translation, is printed in his
Remains, 4to, 1815, p. 14, where will be found a brief
biographical Memoir of him, by the Rev. Robert Twed-
dell, A.M.
A well- written Life of Athenian Stuart is a desidera-
tum. He has received a passing notice in most biogra-
phical dictionaries ; perhaps the best is that in Knight's
English Cyclopaedia, Biography, v. 794. Consult also the
Gent. Mag. Iviii. 95, 181, 216; and European Mag. xiii.
68, 143, 284. James Stuart's extraordinary escape from
being put to death by the Turks, as related by himself to
Dr. Percy, Bishop of Dromore, is printed in the European
Magazine, xlvi. 369. See also "N. & Q." 2nd S. ii. 80,
100; ix. 201,231; xi. 163.]
BAKER'S " CHRONICLE." — I have a copy of this
work, with an Appendix describing the Restora-
tion of Charles II. I shall be obliged if you will
tell me whether it is a valuable and authentic
publication. W. I. S. H.
[Our correspondent has not given the date of his edi-
tion of Sir Richard Baker's Chronicle, which formed s
conspicuous an article of furniture in the hall of good
Sir Roger de Coverley. The editions before the Restora-
tion are dated 1641, 1643 (omitted by Lowndes), 1653,
and, according to Allibone, there was one in 1658. To
this edition was added the reign of Charles I., with a
continuation to 1658, by Edward Phillips, nephew to
Milton. The next (which Lowndes calls the third edition)
is dated 1660. In that of 1665, it is continued to the
coronation of Charles II. The account of the Restoration
was principally written by Sir Thomas Clarges (brother-
in-law of the Duke of Albemarle) though adopted by
Phillips. In 1670 appeared another edition, when Thomas
Blount published a severe criticism upon the work, under
the title of Animadversions upon Sir Richard Baker's
Chronicle and its Continuation, 8vo, 1672. The edition
of 1733 is considered the best, though the earlier ones
contain many curious documents, and several interesting
particulars, omitted by Phillips and his followers. With
all Baker's short-comings, he is the only ancient chroni-
cler who has given the date of Gower's death correctly.
He says, " Chaucer died in the fourth yeare of this King
[Henry IV.], and lyeth buried at Westminster: Gower,
in this King's ninth year, and was buried in St. Mary
Overy s church in Southward" But according to most,
??L ™nters> Gower is represented as dying in 1402
or 1403. This error, we regret to find, is perpetuated in
the new edition of the Encyclopedia Biitannica. Baker
expressly says, the ninth of Henry IV., i. e between
Sept. 29, 1407, and Sept. 29, 1408; and by his will, dis-
covered by Mr. Richard Gougb, it appears that he died
after Aug. 15 and before Oct. 24, in 1408.]
DEODANDS : CORONERS' INQUESTS Within my
memory when an accident occurred, it was cus-
tomary to inflict a kind of fine or penalty thus :
supposing a boy was run over by a vehicle, the
verdict was recorded accidental death, with a
deodand of one shilling upon the cart. As this
appears to have fallen into desuetude, I imagine
there must be some statute repealing such an en-
actment. Can you refer me to it ? Further, did
the deodand go to the Lord of the manor or the
crown originally ? One would be inclined, from,
the derivation, to say to the church. To amplify
this Query, can you inform me if Coroners' Records
are preserved, and where ? ABRACADABRA.
[The Deodandum of our jurisprudence may be reckoned
among the mysterious things of history. "Tbe deodand
is philanthropic, it is religious, and it is so far clerical,
that its value, when levied, was handed over to the clergy.
Fleta, a commentator on English law, temp. Edward I.,
Buys that the deodand is to be sold, and the price dis-
tributed to the poor, for the soul of the King, his an-
cestors, and all faithful people departed this life. Yet it
was not ecclesiastical : it cannot be recovered by suit in the
courts of canon law, but only in the courts of the King's
coroner, either for counties, or for all England. This an-
cient custom was abolished by act 9th and 10th Viet.,
cap. 62, which enacts that subsequent to Sept. 1, 1846,
there shall be no forfeiture of chattels in respect of homi-
cide. See " N. & Q." 1«* S. iv. 484.]
PASCHAL. — What was the special use of the
large candlestick so called, and used, previous to
the Reformation, during the services of the church
at Eastertide ? T. NORTH.
[Dr. Rock, in his Hierurgia, 8vo, 1851, pp. 404 — 408,
has given some interesting particulars of this ancient rite.
He says, " The paschal candle is regarded as an emblem
of Christ. While it remains unlighted, it is figurative of
His death and repose in the tomb ; when lighted, it re-
presents the splendour and the glory of His resurrection.
Before it is blessed, the officiating deacon inserts the five
grains of incense, to signify that the sacred body of our
Divine Redeemer was bound in linen cloths with spices,
and thus consigned to the grave by Joseph of Arimathea
and Nicodemus. The five incisions made to receive the
grains of incense, which are so arranged as to form the
figures of the cross, represent the five wounds that were
inflicted on the body of Christ at his crucifixion."]
DR. HENRY HOLDEN. — Can you refer me to
any account of the life and writings of Dr. Henry
Holden, a divine of the seventeenth century ?
MELETES.
[Dr. Henry Holden, a learned divine of the Roman
communion, was born in Lancashire in the year 1596;
studied at Douay ; removed to Paris, and was admitted,
at the Sorbonne, to the degree of Doctor of Divinity.
He died about the year 1665. He was one of the party
276
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"« S. II. OCT. 4, '62.
in the Church of Rome entitled " Blackloists." His
principal work, Dlvinee Fidei Analysis, 1652, 1767, ac-
quired him great reputation. For a list of his other
works, with some account of him, see Dodd's Church Itis-
tory, iii. 297, fol. 1742. Consult also Charles Butler's
Memoirs of Ent/lidt, Irish, and Scottish Catholics, ii. 426 ;
iv. 426, edit 1822. Holden's controversial writings are
noticed in several places by Archbishop BramhalL]
" WORTHY." — What is the origin and meaning
of worthy as the termination of the names of i
places in the north-west corner of Devon ? Be-
sides the market-town of Holsworthy, there are
Pyworthy, Bradworthy, Woolfardisworthy, and
several more. All these are con6ned to one dis'
trict, and I cannot call to mind a single instance
of the same in any other part of England. S. {
[ Worth and Worthy (Anglo-Sax. Worth, Worthig,
Weorthi) mean a field, a farm, or enclosed lands (Boa-
worth's Anglo-Saxon Diet.) Dr. Leo gives them the
more definite meaning of " a plot of ground surrounded
with water, but elevated above it, or secured with dykes
or piles." Other authorities say that they mean " the
farm near the source of a stream." — Vide Pulman'a Local
Nomenclature, p. 119.]
BRENTWOOD SCHOOL. — I should be happy to
receive some information respecting the early his- j
tory of this school, and of John Greenwood, one
of its masters, who died probably in London
about 1608-9. VIVAX.
[For the history of the Brentwood School consult the
Reports of the Charity Commissioners, 1824, vol. xiv.
pp. 203-216 ; Carlisle's Endowed Grammar Schools, i. 408 ;
An Inquiry into the Revenues and Abuses of the Free
Grammar School at Brentwood, 8vo, 1823 ; and Morant's
Essex, i. 123. These works, however, do not contain any
biographical notices of John Greenwood, one of the Head
Masters.]
SI.AUGHAM, SUSSEX. — Five miles from the Bal-
combe station of the Brighton Railway lies the
rural village of Slaugham. This village has an
interesting church and picturesque ruins of an old
manor house, with a moat on one side. The man-
sion, I believe, belonged to the family of Covert,
whose tombs are in the church, and bear date
about the latter half of the sixteenth] century.
The farm-houses, thinly scattered about the dis-
trict, appear to belong to the reign of Elizabeth
and James I. Can you furnish'me with the his-
tory of this village ? T. W.*N.
[For a detailed account of this rural village ourjjcorre-
spondent must consult Magna Britannia, 1730, V. 518 ;
Dallaway's Western Sussex, vol. ii. part n. p. 366 ; Lewis's
Topog. Diet, of England, and Burrell's Sussex Collections
in Brit. Museum, Addit. MS. 5684, pp. 267-271. A short
notice of it will be found in Murray's Hand-Book for
Svssex, p. 276.]
HOLT FIRE. — What is meaning of the follow-
ing entry in a churchwarden's account, dated
1558: —
" Pd for a stryke of charcole for the hallowed fyer - vd."
used, I believe, on Easter Eve ? T. NORTH.
[May not this entry refer rather to the u Hallow Eve
fires," formerly kindled on All Hallow Even, vulgarly
called Halle E'en, or Nutcrack Night, i.e. November 1st?
Vide Brand's P»i>ulur Antiquities, i. 377, edit. 1848 ; and
Brady's Clarit Calendaria, it. 240.]
LETTERS IN HERALDRY.
(3rd S. ii. 16G, 219.)
Letters of the alphabet and words, are by no
means so frequently employed as charges in
British as in foreign heraldry. The following
examples of both, which I have collected in a
hasty search, may interest A READER.
I. BRITISH. — The book in the arms of the Uni-
versity of Oxford is charged with the words
" Dominus illuminatio mea," or sometimes " Sapi-
entia et felicitate."
The families of Nelson, Collingwood, Carnegie,
and Codrington, charge their arms with the word
" TRAFALGAR," in memory of that famous victory.
Lord Heathfield, the gallant defender of Gibraltar,
augmented his arms with those of the town of
Gibraltar, and the words " Plus Ultra."
On the chief, in the arms of Sir John Ross, the
Arctic navigator, are the words " Arctaeos numine
fines."
Other examples are to be found in the arms of
Smyth, Hamilton, Vassall, &c.
The arms of the town of Preston, in Lancashire,
are : Az. a paschal lamb, couchant arg. ; in base,
the letters P. P. or.
Gu. 3 text Ss, or 2 and 1, are the arms of Ke-
kitmore.
Arg. 3 garlands in chief vert, and a text T in
base gu., are the arms of Tauke.
Erm. on a chief indented gu, 3 Ts or, are the
arms of the family of Thurland.
Gu. 3 Ts arg. within a bordure, vair, are the
arms of the family of Tookey.
Arg. two chevrons, between 3 text Ts, sable,
are the arms of Tofts.
A text T is also one of the charges in the arms
of the old Devonshire family of Rashleigh.
II. FOREIGN. — The Duke de Massa-Carrara is
the Italian prince who places the word " Libertas"
in the chief of his arms.
Az. between two cotices, the word " LIBERTAS,"
are the arms of Lucca ; and, Arg. 3 bends az.,
over all the word " LIBERTAS" in fess or, are those
of Ragusa.
The arms of the Spanish family of Mendoc,a
are : " Ecartele en sautoir, le haut et le bas de
sinople, a une bande de sable bordee d'or, au deux
costez d'or avec ces mots, 'AVE MARIA GRATIA
PLENA.' " The family of Vega, in the same country,
bears : " De Sinople au chateau ;i trois donjons
d'or, a 1'orle de ces mots, 'AVE MARIA GRATIA
PLEWA.'"
3rd S. II. OCT. 4, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
277
Gu. on a fess arg. the word " AVE," is borne by
the family of Nadler of Nuretuburg.
Sa. on a fess arg., the word "LIES," gu., are
the arms of the Bavarian family of Zachareis.
The arms of Cigogna are : Gu. an estoile or ;
over it, in an escroll, the word " Victoria."
On the fess, in the arms of Origlia, are the
words " Questa con questa et a questa."
In the arms of the family of Beekeman of Ham-
burg, a man holds a scroll, inscribed " Salvum me
fac Deus." But in German heraldry letters are
more numerous as charges than words.
The Counts von Althan bear : Gu. on a fess
arg., a text A, sable.
The Barons von Wertema : Gu. on a fess arg.,
the letter F, or.
The Silesian family of Dambroucken : Sa. the
letter Z. arg.
Die Hagn, of Austria : Gu. the letter Z, sa.
Die Rauftten, of Styria, bear : Arg. on a bend
wavy gu., the letters M. R. or.
The Franconian family of Haimben bear : Quar-
terly, gu. and arg. on a fess az., the text letters
I. A. M. silver.
Die SeehofFer, von Rotenburg : ^Az. the letter
S arg. ducally crowned, gu.
The cypher SA appears on the inescutcheon in
the arms of the Dukes of Courland.
The arms of Berthier Due de Wagram/were :
" D'or, parti d'un trait, au premier un bras arm 6
d'azur rehausse et seme d'abeilles d'or, tenant une
epee haute en pal de sable et charge d'un bouclier
de sable au W d'or & 1'orle du me me entoure de
la devise suivante 'Commilitoni victor Ca3sar,"' &c.
The French family of L'Heritier bears : D'arg.
h, la cuirasse de sable chargee de trois H, d'or."
Vieuxbourg in France bears : " D'azur "h la
fasce d'argent chargee a dextre d'une T de sable,
et a sinistre d'un molette de meme."
Ulsenheimer, of Mindelsheim, bears : Az., the
letter V, between 3 estoiles or, one in chief and
two in base.
In cases where family arms have been aug-
mented with those of the empire, the breast of
the eagle is often charged with the cypher'of the
Emperor whose grant it was ; analogous to this is
the cypher on the breast of the Prussian eagle, in
the augmentation of Lord Malmesbury's arms.
The German cities of Kempten, and Schwe-
bischworth, bear for arms, the imperial eagle
charged on the breast with the initial letters of
their names, in an escutcheon.
Gules, the letter G floriated, arg. are the arms
of the towns of Getting and Glogaw.
In the arms of the towns of Allendorf, Mellen-
berg, Wildperg, Wangen, Tull, and Newenstadt,
the initial letters of the names of those towns ap-
pear as charges. JOHN WOODWARD.
WORDS DERIVED FROM PROPER NAMES.
(3rd S. ii. 139, 177.)
In the following list of words derived from
proper names words are omitted such as Dresden,
Kidderminster, Cashmere, Honiton, Valenciennes,
Blucher, Colt, Enfield, Bowie, Swedes, Savoys,
Dorking, Alderney, as a second word is still un-
derstood in conversation.
The products of nature come first, — Damson,
Damascene, Damask (Damascus), Spaniel (Es-
pagnol), Pheasant (Phasis), Gypsy (Egyptian),
Silk (Serious), Chalybeate (Chalybes), Guinea,
Turquoise and Turkey, Copper (Cyprus), &c. ;
Fuchsia, Dahlia, &c., Tobacco (Tobago), Rice
(Orissa), Port (Oporto), Sherry (Xeres), Cur-
rants' (Corinth), Cherry (Cerasus in Pontus),
Colchicum (Colchis), Campanula (Campania),
Sardine and Sardonic (Sardinia), Creta chalk
(from the Island of Crete).
Terms of manufacture and invention come
next: Damask and Damascene, as above ; Diaper
(d'Ypres), Dimity (Damietta), Calico (Calicut),
Arras, Cambric (Cambray), Landau, Brougham,
Cordwainer (Cordova, unless from Cordonnier),
China, Japan, Delf (Delpht), Drugget (Drog-
heda), Canopy (Canopus, unless from KcSranJ/),
Pistol (Pistoia), Bayonet (Bayonne), Gingham
(Guingamp), Sarcenet (Saracen), Muslin (Mosul),
Cardinal (the cloak), Guillotine, Algebra (Al
Giaber), Pharos, Cravat (Crabat= Croat), Jersey,
Guernsey, (but not Sark), Fez, Morocco, Cognac,
Gaz® (Gaza perhaps), Tweed, Worsted, Macin-
tosh, Macadamize, Hollands, Brown Holland,
Candy (if from Candia), Parchment (Pergamena
charta), Padua, Inverness, Tontine (Tonti).
Some take their origin from local and per-
sonal circumstances, as Roam (Rome), Meander,
Mausoleum, Morris dance (Moorish), Sterling
(Easterling), Museum, Scylla and Charybdis,
Labyrinth, Humbug (if from Hamburg), Argosy
(Argo), Academy, Daric, Napoleon, and other
nanies of coins, Hector, Solecism, Shibboleth,
Peeler, Bobby, Tram (doubtful from Outram),
Silhouette, Rubicon.
Others from fiction or fancy, as Eutopia, El
Dorado, Europe, Punch and Judy (if from
Pontius Pilatus cum Judssis), Grifiin, Lilliputian,
Brobdignagian, Golgotha (where the Heads of
Houses sit), Quixotic, Hudibrastic.
Some make mortal the characters of Gods, as
Jovial, Mercurial, Saturnine, Volcano, Vulcanized,
Panic, Cereal, Bacchanal, Herculean; others render
immortal the characters and occupations of men
and events, as Assassin (from the sect of the old man
of the mountain), Jew, Turk, Tartar, Goth, Punic,
Scythian, Boeotian, Laconic, Spartan, Arcadian,
278
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. OCT. 4, '62.
yEolian, Myrmidon?, Mentor, Cannibal (if from
Carib), Gasconade, Babel, Rubicon, Gordian knot,
Philippic, Stentorian, Stoic, Epicurean, Hector,
Machiavellian, Slave (The Sclaves), Sybarite,
Maudlin (from the picture of St. Mary Magda-
lene in tears), Gasconade, Martinet; so also
Burke, Lynch, Spenser (the verb), Cicerone,
Simony, Outherod, Jehu, Gallic, Marauder^Jack
Ketch, Dunce (Duns), Out-Herod.
Some nre derived from proper names in com-
position, as Handy-Paddy, Thursday, Oswestry,
Hyderabad, St. John's wort, Talbotype, perhaps
Balderdash ; a legion of proper names are derived
simply from other proper names, as July (Julius
Caesar), Mamertines (Mamers or Mars), Belize
(Wallace), Jacobites (King James), Jacobins
(convent of the Jacobins), Wesleyans, Jesuit (e
societate Jesu), Antioch ; query also Grog, from
the introducer, an admiral nick-named " Old Grog,"
from his wearing a Grogram coat; also many
technical terms, as Sapphic, Derrick, Dollond,
Cohorn, Georgium Sidus.
The names in the above list are, of necessity,
rather arbitrarily classified; any one helping to
extend or correct it by letter or otherwise, would
greatly oblige S. F. CRESWELL, M.A.
The School, Durham.
Gibberish, a Stanhope, a Tilbury, a Martinet,
Chestnut (from Castania, Asia Minor), Currant
(from Corinth), Calico (from Calicut). It is re-
lated that the member of a Cambridge etymo-
logical society, to whom the collection of such
examples was committed, on putting his hand to
his neck in a mood of etymological abstraction,
found that he had got hold of three cases ; for in
cambric muslin cravat, the first word was from
Cambray, the second from Mosul, and the third
from the Croats, who appeared in Europe at first
with some peculiar scarf tied about their necks,
though this last derivation might be questioned.
DELTA.
TYPOGRAPHICAL QUERIES (3rd S. ii. 216.) —
I think your correspondent is very much mis-
taken in saying that the Romans borrowed their
characters from the Greeks. It seems to me to
be much the same as to say that the Romans bor-
rowed any of the words, such as sits, vinum, from
fa, olvov. The words are identical, and so are the
characters ; but so far from the Latin being de-
rived from the Greek, the former is in fact the
older and more genuine form, showing the com-
mon origin of the Greek and Roman people. The
same may be said of the alphabet, which is an
)lder one than the Greek, containing letters which
were disused in Greek of historic times, though
:nown to them as numeral signs and as marks for
horses. So that the Italian nations must have
this alphabet before historic Greek times.
In other words, they had it as members of a com-
mon race, and not as borrowers from an alien lan-
guage. The reason of the more ancient forma
being retained in Latin arose from their long
state of uncivilisation, just as we find many very
old and genuine Saxon forms in the most uncul-
tivated and distant parts of England. You might
just as well say that the Greek xV. a goose, is
borrowed from the Latin anser, or vice versa ; or
coquo from W<nr«. In all these the words are the
same, drawn from an older language, common to
the two peoples, and, in fact, in different forms to
most of the Indo-Europeans.
It would have been more satisfactory if MR.
BUCKTON had given some original authorities, such
as Ter. Maur., for saying that the Romans did
not use the Latin Greek names for letters, and
that "alpha et beta puelhe " means alphabet, and
not the first two letters. We find alpha used by
Martial, v. 26—" alpha poenulatorum," meaning
the first, and beta for the second.
I think it has already been noticed in your
columns that the Transsylvanian triptych is in all
likelihood a forgery. It was, I believe, offered to
the British Museum authorities, and refused on
that ground. Even mediaeval waxed tablets are
usually spurious, at least as far as the wax is con-
cerned.
Could any of your correspondents say where
this triptych now is ? J. C. J.
GERARD: PRIESTLEY (3rd S. ii. 189.) — The sub-
ject of the Ludicrous is treated by Dr. Priestley,
in his Lectures on Oratory and Criticism (p. 211);
and by Dr. Alexander Gerard, in his Essay on
Taste (p. 62), a work quoted by Sir William
Hamilton in his Metaphysical Lectures (ii. 232).
Gerard wrote also an Essay on Genius.
T. J. BCCKTOX.
VERNACULAR (3rd S. ii. 178, 218.)— MR. EAST-
WOOD will find, on reference, that vernaculus, as
a substantive in the sense of home-born slave, is
placed by Ainsworth, in his Index Vocum Vitan-
darum ; and his only authority is Prosper Aqui-
tanus (A.D. 433). This word is not used, I believe,
by any classic in this sense. As an adjective it is
used by Cicero (Fern, iii. 61); by Pliny (ii. 4),
and by Varro (R. R., iii. 5), for home-born ; and
as a substantive by Martial (x. iii. 1) for a rude
scoffer ; but not for home-born slave- I may add,
that the etymology of the word is not in this
instance a correct key to its classical use. n X
QUOTATION (3rd S. ii. 11, 214.) — "We have
religion enough to make us hate, but not religion
enough to make us love one another." The " ex-
cellent author," whose words Addison quotes
thus in Spectator 459, is either Swift or Pope.
The aphorism is the first of the " Thoughts on
various Subjects " to be found in Swift's collected
works, which he, in conjunction with Pope, agreed
3rd S. II. OCT. 4, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
279
to accumulate. Doubtless this one is to be rele-
gated to Swift's authorship, as it bears intrinsic
impress of his penetrating cynicism. N. B.
BISHOP MALTBT (2nd S. xii. 24.) — The state-
ment that Dr. Maltby was appointed preacher of
Gray's Inn in 1817 (and which appears also in
Gent. Mag. ccxi. 304) is inaccurate. The office
became vacant by the resignation of the Rev. John
Honywood Randolph, M.A. on the 24th of June
in that year; and on the 12th of November fol-
lowing the Rev. George Shepherd, B.D. was
elected preacher, holding tte office till his death
in 1849, and being succeeded January 16, 1850,
by the present preacher, the Rev. James Augus-
tus Hessey, D.C.L.
C. H. & THOMPSON COOPER.
Cambridge.
BURTON GOGGLES (3rd S. ii. 188.)— Pebbles are
frequently called coggles by the inhabitants of
South Lincolnshire ; but whether or not Burton
owes its cognomen to this provincial peculiarity,
I confess myself utterly unable to decide. Bur-
ton Pedwardine (pronounced Pepperdine), in the
same county, is another nut which I offer for some
good-natured etymologist to crack.
ST. SWITHIN.
Coggles I consider to be a corruption of Cobbles,
as Cogglestone for Cobblestone (Dr. H. Clarke's
Diet.) Cobble (quasi Goggle) means a large
round pebble. In the coal districts Cobble is
commonly applied to a large lump of coal. There
are many Burtons, and the term served to distin-
fiish this place from B. Aynes, B. Constable, B.
leming, B. Joyce, B. Latimer, B. Lazars, B.
upon Trent, &c. Many names of places are
compounded of stone, sand, chalk, rock, &c.
T. J. BUCK/TON.
SPENCER COWPER (3rd S. i. 438.) — " Man-
hattan," the New York correspondent of The
Standard, gives the following version of Spencer
Cowper's case, which I think should be preserved,
as it differs so widely from the ordinary reports : —
" Edwin James is winning fame and monev. He has
some prize cases on tbe part of English houses, and he
is to appear at Freehold, New Jersey, on the 1st Sep-
tember, at the trial of Radetzki, who murdered a wealthy
German last year, named Fellmer. He was induced to
commit the murder by two beautiful women, who have
since committed suicide. The Attorney-General of the
state of New Jersey will appear for the prosecution; so
that, if Mr. James should gain this hopeless case, he will
have a monopoly of all the murder cases for years to
come. The opening of this case will be to prove that
the murder was committed in New Jersej', and that the
court has not any jurisdiction in the case. The body was
found floating in the river, and may have floated from
New York harbour to Monmouth, New Jersey. The only
similar case in this countr)', or England, is when Mr.
Spencer Cowper murdered a Mr. Stone, who was very
wealthy. The body in that case was found at a great
distance from where the murder was committed. The
prisoner was tried in the county where the body was
found, but medical testimony was offered to show that
the body had floated a considerable distance. This
raised a question of how long a time a body could float ?
The length of time was decided in favour of the prisoner,
and he was acquitted. Very likely Edwin James, who
is familiar with the Cowper case, will get Minder Ra-
detski free on similar grounds."— Standard, Sept. 2, 1862.
FlTZHOPKINS.
Paris.
ADVERTISING STATISTICS (3rd S. ii. 247.) — I
beg leave to contribute another Note to the sta-
tistics of advertising. The Clerkenwell News is a
local paper which is largely circulated in the
northern and north-eastern parts of the metro-
polis ; it is published three times a-week, and con-
sists of four pages of closely-printed matter, nearly
three-fourths of which are advertisements; the
price is one halfpenny. This paper was com-
menced in 1855 under the name of The Business
and Agency Gazette, which was a most humble
specimen of journalism ; but, mainly through vi-
gorous management and advertisement, it has
developed itself into a flourishing paper — The
Clerkenwell News — which has a much greater
popularity than the local name would imply. In
the number for the 26th September, 1862, there
are no less than 1340 advertisements, which cover
a space of about 1440 superficial inches. The
charge for advertisements averages about 2rf. a
line, and the total cost of those above enumerated
would be, according to my estimation, about 50Z.
That 1340 advertisers should be found for one
issue of a local paper is, I think, a curious fact.
EDWARD J. WOOD.
FONTENELLE : FENELON : THE JANSENISTS (3rd S.
i. 436.) — In theological polemics the utter ground-
lessness of a charge affords no reason to suppose
that it has not been made. If Jansenism was
imputed to Fenelon, the following will show how
falsely : —
" La lettre que dicta Fenelon immediatement apres
avoir recu 1'extreme-onction, et que 1'auteur de cette re-
lation avait en ordre de faire partir aussitot qu'il avait
les yeux forme's, fit la plus grande sensation lorsqu'elle
fut devenue publique. Elle attestait les veritables senti-
ments de Fe'ne'lon, dans un moment ou aucune considera-
tion hnmaine ne pouvait plus influer sur son Jangage ou
sur ses dispositions.
" Elle etait addressee au pere le Tellier, et concue en ces
termes.
" ' Je prends la liberte de demander a sa Majeste deux
graces, qui ue regardent ni ma personne, ni aucuu des
miens.
" ' La premiere est, qu'il ait la bonte de me donner un
successeur pieux, re'gulier, bon, et ferine contre lejansen-
isme, lequel est prodigieiisement accredits srir cette frontiers.'
— Histoire de Fenelon, par M. L. F. de Bausset, t. iii.
p. 458, Paris, 1809.
FlTZHOPKINS.
Paris.
" APRES MOI LE DELUGE!" (3rd S. ii. 228.) —
MR. HENDRIKS will I think find, that to attribute
280
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. OCT. 4, '62.
" Apres moi le deluge " to Talleyrand, is what
the French would call " une erreur insulaire."
French writers and talkers universally father it
upon Louis XV. WAI. TIPPISQ.
Brasted Park, Kent
STARCH (3rd S. i. 156.) — H. S. G. repeats on
this subject that which I have often read, that
Vrouw van Plasse charged 51. for a single lesson
in starching. As often as I have encountered
this allegation, I have been compelled to doubt it.
51. temp. Eliz. represents, according to general
acceptation, 351. of modern money ; and to sup-
pose that anybody would pay this amount for a
single lesson in starching, at a time when there
were church livings of lOi. per ann., is prepos-
terous. Was it five pounds Flemish ; which would
be "quite another pair of shoes," and then dear
enough ? Where does mention of the price first
occur ? There is something of it in D'Israeli's
Curiosities of Literature, but my copy is lent.
JAMES KNOWXES.
KINGSTON MSS. (3rd S. ii. 211.) — " The State
of the Diocese of Cloyne in 1770," was published in
the Topographer and Genealogist, part xvi. p. 303,
et seq., from a copy which I made from the original.
Ami n\ will find prefixed some account of Mr.
Kingston's family, and the MSS. he left behind at
his decease. R. C.
The Life and Letters of Washington Irving. Edited by
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and May, 1832 — when Washington Irving," having re-
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Irving's own account of his residence in Spain, and the
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NOTES AND QUERIES.
281
LONDON, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 11, 1862.
CONTENTS. — N°. 41.
NOTES : — Henry VIII.'s Impress at the Field of the Cloth
of Gold, 2S1 — Jacobite Psalter, 282 — Entries Relating to
Clergymen in the Parish Register of Little Ilford, County
i of Essex, 2S3.
MINOR • NOTES : — Sepulchral Memorials — Longevity —
Photozincograph of Shakspeare's Will— 'Letters cut by
Preston Prisoners — Hue and Cry Portraits, 284.
QUERIES: — Aristophanes — Blackadder — What is an
Edition? — Fylfot-Gammadion — Admirals Keppel and
Rodney — Oxfordshire Feast — Mrs. Reynolds — Sir Roger
de Coverley — Sackbut, what Instrument — St. Patrick's
Sermon — Wycliffo and Indulgences — William the Con-
queror's Companions, 285.
QUERIES WITH ANSWERS: — Quotation — "Caster, the
First M.A." — Motto — Wood of Lancashire and Middle-
sex — Hopton Haynes, Esq. — " Knock ! O, good Sir
Robert, knock ! " — Anonymous, 287.
REPLIES : — Galileo and the Telescope, 288 — Bishop Juxon,
290 — Premature Interments, 291 — Gradeley, Ib. — Oaths,
292 — Bales Family, Ib. — Whittington and his Cat, 293 —
Sara Holmes — Quotations, References. &c. — A Curious
Gravestone Inscription — Ghetto, Derivations of — Chief
Justice Saunders — " The Captive Knight " — The Marrow
Controversy — Song, " John Peel " — Andrew Bates —
Curll's Voiture Letters — Pictures of the Earl of Leicester
— Shield's Glee, " The Loadstars " — Caroline Bowles —
Epigram : The Jesuits — Greek Phrases — Warden of
Galway — Slavery — Various Lengths of the Perch —
Japanese in Europe — De Costa, the Waterloo Guide —
Death by the Sword in England : Beverley Monument —
id Dennel
, &C., 294.
"Dublin and London Magazine" — Hackney and Dennet
— Mitton Church and Roman Catholic Services,
Notes on Books, '&c.
fiatesl. %
HENRY VIII.'s IMPRESS AT THE FIELD OF THE
CLOTH OF GOLD.
(Concluded from 3rd S. ii. 264.)
The story of the impress, it will be seen, does
not appear in this extract. Both of the extracts,
however, follow the description of the interview
in the two works ; they start from precisely the
same point of time, and they both commence with
the same historical mistake : the meeting at
Dover, which is alluded to, having taken place
before and not after the interview with Francis I.
Immediately after this mistake, there is in each of
the extracts an identity in the use of the adjec-
tives uterque and duos, as applied to Charles and
Francis, whereas Henry also had just previously
been _ mentioned or alluded to. The extracts
likewise are about equal in length, the difference
between them being that, in the one of earlier date
the disposition of Henry to hold the balance be-
tween the two potentates is expressly stated,
while in the other it is illustrated by means of the
impress. What is the cause of this difference?
If P. Jovius had believed the impress to be
genuine, there could be no reason for his not
publishing in the Historia Britannice an historical
incident which was apposite to support the opi-
nion he was expressing, which must have been
known to him as well as to Francis I. and Henry
VIII., and which, with his own partiality for im-
presses, it may be presumed he would not will-
ingly have omitted. The impress, if it ever
existed at all, was used by a King of England,
and certainly would have been inserted more ap-
propriately in an historical description of Eng-
land than in a general hisftry of the affairs of
P. Jovius's own time relating to all the world.
But if P. Jovius had been aware of the false-
hood of the impress — how then ? A comparison
of dates has an important bearing upon this ques-
tion. I have shown that the Historia Britannia
was written during the lifetime of Henry and
Francis. The former of these monarchs died on
the 18th January, and the latter on the 30th
March in the same year, 1547. The second vo-
lume of the Historia sui Temporis, from which
the account of the impress is taken, was published
in September, 1552,* or when the survivor of the
two sovereigns had been dead about five years
and a half; and the last moments of each of them
are described in that history. Now, amongst the
exclusive privileges from royal personages pre-
fixed to the Historia Britannia, there is one from
Francis I. dated the 26th October, 1546, granted
to his " dear and good friend Messire Paulus
Jovius " prohibiting for a term of ten years the
unauthorised printing of his histories thVoughout
France. With this privilege before his eyes,
while writing in the lifetime of Francis, he would
not have dared to insert in the Historia Britannice
the impress so affronting to that monarch, with a
knowledge that it was spurious ; although several
years afterwards, when Henry and Francis were
no more, experience proves how successfully the
fabrication might be launched upon the future.
The only reasonable inference which can be de-
duced from these circumstances is that P. Jovius
must have known the impress to be false.
The remaining question, whether he actually
fabricated the impress himself, is of quite minor
importance, although upon that also I propose to
add a few words.
It is known that P. Jovius was a diligent col-
lector of materials for the history of his own
time, upon which he was engaged during the
greater part of a long life ; he had ample pecu-
niary resources, and through his connexion with
France he must have enjoyed sufficient opportu-
nities for supplying himself with all the historical
tracts which issued from the presses of that
* This date is fixed by a letter from P. Jovius to Pope
Julius III., written from Florence on the 26th Sept.
1552, and accompanying the new volume of the remain-
der of his history. (See Delle Lettere di tredici Huomini
Illustri. Venice, 1554, 4to.) It may be assumed that he
would send to the Pope one of the earliest copies from
the press. In the Paris ed. of the Historia sui. Temporis,
published 1553-4, and which is much more common than
the first edition, the account of the impress appears to-
wards the end of the first volume.
282
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. OCT. 11, '6?.
country. These tracts, though there were more
of them published during the earlier half of the
sixteenth century than is generally imagined, yet
could not have been so numerous as to occasion
to an author any embarrassment. The whole of
them might probably have been contained on a
single shelf of his libmry.*
Now, the thirty years which followed the pub-
lication of the French tract printed at Arras, de-
scribing the bnnqueting-house, were precisely
those during which P. Jovius was employed in
gathering materials and writing his history. It
is difficult to believe therefore that he could have
failed to meet with this particular tract, which
would have been useful to him in the composition
of his history, and highly interesting also from
the number of devices and mottoes which it con-
tained, affording information on the subject of
impresses, to which he paid such particular atten-
tion. He could not have misunderstood the allu-
sion of the motto to the device, by pleading
ignorance respecting the character of King Arthur,
since in his Descriptio Britannia he has stated f
that the blood of Arthur was restored to the Eng-
lish throne in the person of his descendant King
Henry VII. He was of mature age at the time
of the interview between Henry and Francis, and
must have conversed and corresponded with many
persons who had been present; and he must fur-
ther have been aware of a great portion of the
evidence against the impress which I have already
brought forward, as well as of much more which
has escaped my researches.
The case against P. Jovius, therefore, stands
thus : —
He first published the impress.
He is unworthy of belief.
The impress is not genuine.
He knew the impress was not genuine when he
published it.
He was an inventor of impresses.
The tract printed at Arras would have supplied
him with the elements out of which the impress
was composed, and there is reason to believe that
he was acquainted with the contents of this tract.
He could not have misinterpreted the motto by
mistake, and he was one of the very few indivi-
* The largest assemblage of these tracts now existing
will be found in the Bibliotheque Imperial at Paris. la
the first volume of the printed catalogue of that library,
the titles of such of them as relate to French History will
be found at length. The British Museum contains some
interesting French tracts of the same period relating to
the common ground of English and French affairs, and
which are not in the Imperial collection. There are
several others, however, of this latter class, not to be found
in either library, or amongst the reprints which have
issued in such abundance from the presses of Frnnce
during the last twenty or thirty yeara. Arras, though a
French town, belonged in 1520 to the Emperor.
t FoL 10, a.
duals who combined the peculiar ingenuity, the
knowledge, the moral laxity, and the dislike to-
wards King Henry,* which were all necessary to
to turn the Arras tract to account.
Now, taking all these circumstances together,
and looking at the character of the proof by which
they are supported, I submit that the cumulative
weight of the whole establishes against P. Jovius
the fact that he himself wilfully and corruptly
fabricated the impress.
VII. I have, lastly, to consider the motives
which actuated P. Jovius in fabricating the im-
press. These were most likely of a varied
kind. He was a dignitary of the church, and re-
sided many years at the court of Rome, where
Henry in his latter days was no favourite ; and
although it would be irrational to assume that
such circumstances could influence any per-
son of common honesty to the commission of a
serious offence against truth ; yet, in judging of
the conduct of so unscrupulous a writer as P.
Jovius, they are not without weight. His bias,
as an ecclesiastic, had previously been evinced by
his giving to the world a character of Henry, ex-
pressed in terms of passionate invective.f Ho
was venal and mendacious, while on the other
hand, Henry, who was profuse in his bounty to
Aretin, appears never to have supplied with
money the worthy rival of that notorious libeller;
and this neglect on the part of a sovereign
celebrated for his liberality, was alone suffi-
cient to render P. Jovius his enemy. We have
an instance to this effect recorded. Osorius,
one of the most eminent authors of the sixteenth
century, affirms J that P. Jovius suppressed in the
Historia sui Temporis all mention of the signal
victory won by the Portuguese under the Viceroy
Almeida, because King John III. refused to
gratify the writer with a present. He was a pro-
fessed maker of impresses, and took peculiar
delight in inventing them. In exercising his
perverse ingenuity upon the one in question, he
must have enjoyed a double satisfaction. He
gratified his vanity by secretly appropriating the
cleverness of it to himself, and his malignity by
assigning the arrogance to Henry. II. P.
JACOBITE PSALTER.
" THE LOYAL MAN'S PSALTER ; or, some Select PSALMS
in Latin and English Verse, fit for the Times of Persecu-
tion.
' Carmine Dii super! placantur, Carmine Manes.'
Horat. lib. i. Ep. ad Augustum."
* See further on for the proof of this dislike.
t In his Elogia Virorwn Illuslrium, where he says of
Henry, after the latter had rejected the Pope's authority,
"Itaque paucissimis annis, secus ac ante fuerit, irrilata
tigride ssevior, efferato lupo rapacior, foeta leaena rabid ior,
et siti cxusto dracone virosior evasit."
I De Rebut Emmanuelis, lib. vi.
3rd S. II. OCT. 11, '62.]
NOTES AND QtJEKlES.
283
Such is the heading of the small publication to
which I beg leave to call attention, and a copy of
which, " uncut and not cut up," is now in my
possession. The only reference to this book which
1 can hear of is in Wilson's Memoirs of Defoe,
vol. iii. p. 344, under date of 1713. He says, that
in anticipation of the death of the queen, and the
success of their cause, the insolence of the Jaco-
bites arrived at a high pitch : —
" Indeed, so confident were they of success, that they
began to prepare their psalms of thanksgiving against
the expected event, and actually published for the use of
their people some select psalms in English, with the
Latin version of Buchanan."
Wilson then gives the title as above, and the
opening verse, together with two others, which he
caJls the last. This account of The Loyal Man's
Psalter is copied by Holland, but Cotton does not
mention it. I am told there is a copy of this
Psalter in the Bodleian, and this is all I can hear
about it. I stumbled upon my copy accidentally
in a volume containing some curious tracts and
broadsides, and as it appears to be a rara avis, I
make a note of it.
The book consists of eight small quarto pages
in double columns, a trifle smaller than " N. & Q."
It has no separate title, and never had, as p. 3 has
the signature A 2. There is no date, no name of
printer nor of place. The title and motto from
Horace (!) occupy nearly half of p 1 ; then comes
a metrical version of Psalm i. in English, and [to
the tune of the 100th Psalm] beginning —
" 1. Blest is the Loyal Man, whcse steps
No tray t'rous Counsel leads aside,
Nor stands in Rebel's ways, nor sits
Where God and Justice Men deride.
" 2. But on God and his lawful King,
Fix's his love and whole delight," &c.
The right-hand column contains the Latin ver-
sion of Buchanan. But into this sundry interpo-
lations or alterations have been foisted. For
example, where Buchanan wrote (I quote the
editio princeps) —
"Non ita divini gens nescia foederis, exlex,
Conteroptrixque poli : subiti sed turbine rapti,"
the editor of The Loyal Man's Psalter has —
" Non ita Rebellis gens, poetae nescia sacri,
Contemptrixque poli : subito sed turbine rapti ; "
or rather rapli, for here there is a misprint, as
elsewhere in the book.
I will not describe the other psalms minutely.
They are Psalms iv. xii. xiv. xv. xxxvii. Ixxiii.
xciv. and xcvii. The last two verses are not those
given by Wilson, although they occur in the 97th
Psalm, as he says. The last verse is this : —
"12. Then let your chearful temper show
The God you serve is kind ;
Praise him for mercies past, and wait
With joy for those behind."
I must quote the verse preceding this, for the
pleasure of confronting it with one by Dr
Watts : —
" Th' immortal seeds of light, and bliss,
For loyal men are sown ;
A joyful harvest will at length
Their work, and sorrows crown."
Dr. Watts says : —
" Immortal light and joys unknown
Are for the saints in darkness sown ;
Those glorious seeds shall spring and rise,
And the bright harvest bless our eyes."
After the Psalms the following words occur, and
no more : —
" Turned into Metre,
By JOHN HOPKINS.
Finis."
Probably this is the only instance of a political
psalter, either for the Jacobites or any other
party. Some of your correspondents can perhaps
tell us more about it. I for one shall be glad to
hear them, and especially if they can unveil the
pseudonymous John Hopkins, and find the true
date of this singular publication. If I may judge
from the company in which I found it, and a MS.
note of it in a list of contents of the volume, it
ought to be twenty years at least older than 1713 ;.
non scio. B. H. C.
[The author of The Wisdom of Looking Backward, to
judge the better of one side and t'other by the Speeches,
Writings, Actions, and other mutters of Fact on both sides
for the four Years last past, London, 1715, (attributed to
Bishop White Kennett), has the following entry (pp.
337, 338) : " March 5th 1713-14. The Jacobites began to
prepare their psalms of thanksgiving against a time ex-
pected ; and for the use of their people they published
some select psalms in English, with the Latin version of
Buchanan, entitled The Loyal Man's Psalter : or some
select Psalms in Latin and English verse, Jit for the Times
of Persecution. As specimens he quotes Psalm i. (as
above), and also two verses of Psalm xcvii. : —
" Confounded be those rebels all
That to usurpers bow :
And make what Gods and Kings they please,
And worship them below," &c.]
ENTRIES RELATING TO CLERGYMEN IN THE
PARISH REGISTER OF LITTLE ILFORD, CO-
ESSEX,
The Register of this small parish begins at the
unusually early period of 1539. It has, however,
been imperfectly kept, and I have had to note
many deficiencies.
The entries of the family of Thomas Newton,
Rector of Little Ilford, from 1583 to 1607, and
author of several works, popular in their day, will
be read with interest by many of the readers of
"N. & Q." Newton died in May, 1607, and is
stated to have been buried in the church of Little
Ilford ; but I find no record of his burial on the
register : —
284
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3f<» S. II. OCT. 11, '62.
Baplitms.
1583, Dec' 26. Moses Newton.
1584-5, Feb. 2. Faith Newton, daughter of Mr Thomas
Newton.
1586, May 19. Grefill Newton, daughter of do.
1587, March 9. Abel Newton, gone of do.
1589, Sept. 27. Sara Newton, daughter of do.
Marrtagei.
1706, Dec* 17. D' John Nash, a Minister, and M" Judith
Mildmay of Marks, with a Licence from y Bishop
of London, by Mr Hopkins, Minister of Kom-
ford.
Burial t.
1649, . John Cheynie, Presb.
1584-5, Feb. 12. Faith Newton, daughter of Mr Thomas
Newton.
„ „ 14. Moses Newton.
1588, May 18. Charitie Newton.
1588-9. Jan/ 18. Israeli Newton.
1593, Feb. 12. Sara Newton.
1654, Sepr 11. Mr Humphrey Richards, Rector of the
Parish.
1674, May 5. Joice Osbaston, Widow, late Wife to Mr
Henry Osbaston, Reef of this Parish.
[I believe that Mr. Osbaston died in 1669, and was
buried here, but no entry appears in the register. ]
1713, March 30. Mr. Stephen Robins, Rector of Little
Ilford, by Rob« Blakeway, Rector.
1750-1, IV. Non. Feb. iuhumatus est Jacobus Finlay,
S. T. P. Hujus Ecclesiae Rector desideratus Non
Tumulo Vivorum at Mente repostus, W. Parker,
Rectr.
1752, March 15. The Rev. Mr Joseph Harris, Lecturer of
West Ham, Essex.
EDWAKD J. SAGE.
Stoke Newington.
Minor
SEPULCHRAL MEMORIALS. — So much has been
said of late in " N. & Q." on the wanton destruc-
tion of sepulchral memorials, that I think the
following advertisement, dictated by a conserva-
tive spirit, deserves to be noticed and com-
mended : —
"Whereas, in the churchyard of Romford, Essex, a
tomb to the memory of Joseph Letch, who died in 1727,
and of others, the last of whom died in 1783 ; also,
another tomb to the memory of John Betts and Mary
Betts, the latter of whom died in 1827; are in a dilapi-
dated and unsightly condition, and need to be repaired;
notice is hereby given to the representatives of either of
the above-named persons, that they are required to
cause the tomb or tombs above-mentioned to be repaired
forthwith ; in default of which the churchwardens of
Romford will take steps to put the said tombs in a decent
state; and such of the materials as may be required,
bearing no inscription, will be parted with to defray the
expense."
This is taken from The Times of the 4th Sept.
1862; and the conduct of the churchwardens of
Romford in the matter, may form a proper prece-
dent for the conduct of other churchwardens on
the like occasion. J. G. N.
LONGEVITY. — In connection with the stories
of longevity which have recently appeared in
" N. & Q." note may be taken of an extraordinary
instance of a newspaper " stock paragraph" which
was unblushingly refurbished and reproduced
some five-and-twenty-years ngo. In the Gentle'
man's Magazine for 1816, at p. 633 of the first
half-yearly volume, will be found an account of
Mrs. Jane Lewson, stated to have died on the
28th of May in that year inColdB:itli Square, at the
very advanced age of 116 years, having been born
in the year 1700 in Essex Street, Strand. The
biography of this lady was republUhed in the
newspapers of 1837, artfully varied. To give
greater apparent truth to the tale, it was thus
commenced, " On Thursday afternoon was buried in
the church of St. Margaret's [?], Pentonville, Mrs.
Margaret Lawson," for the name was changed,
whilst the details of the story were retained : the
age was altered to 112; instead of cutting two
new teeth at 87, she cut them at 85 ; instead of
remembering the events of 1715, she remembered
those of 1745, and so forth. It is one of many
proofs that these marvellous tales are to be re-
ceived with suspicion. J. G. N.
EXTRAORDINARY LONGEVITY. — Perhaps the fol-
lowing statement, which has lately appeared in
several of the Paris journals, is worth adding to
the many records of a similar nature preserved in
the pages of «' N. & Q." : —
" An old man, aged 105, named Gallot, and residing
in the Rue des Ecoles, presented himself within the last
few days at the Ministry of War to receive an allowance
from the state. He was accompanied by his wife, aged
103, both enjoying excellent health, and not appearing to
have any intention of leaving this world just yet. The
old man had served nine years under Louis XVI., and in
part of the wars of the republic and the empire. He left
the service in 1815."
EDWABD F. RIMBADLT.
PHOTOZINCOGRAPH or SHAKSPEABE'S WILL. —
Some time ago I suggested in your columns that
Shakspeare's will should be photographed, so that
exact copies might easily be obtained and ex-
amined without the necessary wear and tear of
unfolding the original will. According to the
traditions of " the office," this invaluable relic of
the poet is kept like other " wills," and opened
and unfolded when required. No correct copy is
obtainable ; for that issued some years ago is de-
fective in several points, and photography only
will produce the accuracy required. The new
process of photozincography, so successfully ap-
plied to the reproduction of Domesday Book, and
more recently of Shakspeare's Sonnets, ought to
be employed in the case of this most valuable
record, containing three of the few signatures of
the poet which now remain. Such a document is
probably beyond all reasonable chances of loss or
damnge, except by frequent handling; but it is
surely due to the vast body of Shakspearians that
a fac-simile should be made, now it can be exe-
uted so cheaply, and without the slightest risk.
S. II. OCT. 11, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
285
Once more, Ma. EDITOR, let me appeal to you
and your numerous and influential readers to get
this simple but important object accomplished at
once. ESTE.
LETTERS CUT BY PRESTON PRISONERS. — In the
interesting memoir (by his son) of The Prison
Chaplain; the Rev. John Clay, we read how the
completion of and decorations of the prison chapel
at Preston Gaol, were due to the labours of the
prisoners.
" It was by prisoners that "the panels in the roof were
painted blue'and spangled with yellow stars, or adorned
with ecclesiastical devices: that the Creed, Lord's Prayer,
Ten Commandments, and chosen texts, were gilded on the
wall on either side the altar."
This word gilded scarcely expresses the full extent
of the prisoners' work in this particular. It is
nine years since Mr. Clay pointed out to me the
various items of interest in that prison chapel of
which he was so justly proud ; and my memory is
somewhat hazy on this especial point of the gild-
ing. But I well remember that Mr. Clay called
my particular attention to the circumstance of
of each individual letter being cut out and then
affixed to the wall; and that, in the majority of
cases, this was done by prisoners so totally illite-
rate as not to know the letters of the alphabet, or
how to form them, except by the patterns sup-
plied to them, or how to fix them so as to make
them " stand on their heels," without being amply
directed. I also remember Mr. Clay making some
very pertinent observations on the prisoners thus
making commandments that they had so grievously
broken. The circumstance of the cut letters for
the Commandments, &c., seems to deserve a note.
COTHBERT BEDE.
HUE AND CRT PORTRAITS. — The system of
sending the likeness of an individual as a means of
his capture, now so frequently employed by the
police, appears to have been known and carried
on in the East as early as the tenth century.
When Avicenna had escaped from Mahmoud,
the first Sultan of the dynasty of Samanides,
" Mahmoud, who had gloried in the thought of keeping
him at bis palace, was greatly irritated at his flight, and
despatched portraits of the philosopher to all the princes
of Asia, with orders to have him conducted to Gazna, if
he appeared in their courts." — Chalmers's 5109. Diet., art.
Avicenna.
FRANCIS TRENCH.
Islip Rectory.
ARISTOPHANES. — Who are authors of the fol-
lowing translations from the classics? — 1. The
Birds, of Aristophanes, by a member of one of
the Universities, London, 1812. 2. Four plays of
Aristophanes : The Acharnians ; Knights, &c. ; by
a Graduate of Oxford, Oxford, 1830. 3. The
Clouds, and Peace, of Aristophanes, London, 1840.
4. The Trimimmus of Plautus, by an Old West-
minster, 1860. R. I.
BLACKADDER. — In 1734, one John Blackadder,
" tailor burgess of Edinburgh," claimed the baro-
netcy and estate of Tulliallan, in Perthshire. He
not only failed to make good his claim, but was
sentenced to the pillory for perjury. Can any-
one give me any information on this claim ; and
if possible, a copy of the tailor's pedigree P Is
the claim to be found in print anywhere ?
I am also very anxious to know who is now the
representative of the ancient family of Blackadder.
Burke's account (Extinct Baronetage) is utterly
at variance with the pedigrees in the Memoirs of
Blackadder, the Covenanter, and Memoirs of Col.
Blackadder of the Camer onions, his son. There
is no doubt that there are many descendants of
the former still flourishing. And in his examina-
tion before the Lords of the Privy Council, he
distinctly stated, in answer to General Dalzell,
that he was the eldest representative of the family.
The Covenanter's daughter Elizabeth, married,
in 1687, a Mr. Young, a writer in Edinburgh,
and left issue. Any account of her family and
descendants will be gladly received. 2. 0.
WHAT is AN EDITION ?— In " N. & Q." (3rd S.
ii. 37), I read: "Dr. Buchan lived to see the
eighteenth edition of his celebrated Domestic Afe~
dicine" This induces me to ask, through the
medium of your pages, a Query which has never
been satisfactorily answered to me, although I
happen to be an author with no little experience
in " editions." Of course, so far as regards my
arrangements with publishers, I know what "an
edition" means — as the number of copies of the
"edition" is specified in our agreement. But,
what do the public know about this ? What
number of copies does an " edition " signify to
them ? Thus, of my three last published works,
the first edition of each was 500, 1,500, and 20,000:
the two first being expensive books, the last being
published at one shilling. It is evident, therefore,
that when the first-named reached its 501st copy,
its publisher had commenced its " second edition."
But, how should the public discriminate between
this and the " second edition " of the 20,000 book ?
The only satisfactory way of getting over the
difficulty, appears to me to be this: — Let the
publisher, when he advertises the book, instead of
saying " second " or " third edition," say " second"
or "third thousand" — or, whatever the sale may
be. I perceive that Mr. Murray has lately adopted
this plan ; and every other publisher should follow
his example, until the Query — "What is an
Edition ?"— shall have received a definite answer
from authority. AN AUTHOR.
FYLFOT GAMMADION. — While visiting the cata-
combs of San Nereo et Achileo, at Borne, last
286
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. OCT. 11, '62.
winter, with the learned Jesuit Padre Tongeorgi,
I observed tlie following sign impressed upon a
brk-k, ^. Padre Tongeorgi told me that it was a
symbol of uncommon occurrence, and that he was
not acquainted with its meaning.
I have searched in vain through Menzel'a Christ-
liche Symbolik ; but in Planche's Pursuivant of
Arms (8vo, 1852, p. 135), I find the following
notice : —
" The Fylfot is a mystic figure, called in the Greek
Church ' Gammadion.'
" It is very early seen in heraldry, and appeared in
the paintings formerly in the old Palace of Westminster.
Its signification is at present unknown."
la anything known respecting this mysterious
symbol ? A. R.
ADMIRALS KEPPEL AMD RODNEY. — Can any
reader of " N. & Q." give me the words of tho
epigram written on the occasion of the freedom of
the City of London being presented to the cele-
brated Admirals Keppel and Rodney ? To the
one it was given in an oaken box ; to the other
in a golden one. The last lines are —
" To Keppel they gave heart of oak,
To gallant Rodney gold."
OXONIENSIS.
OXFORDSHIRE FEAST. — I have in my library a
small 8vo pamphlet, entitled —
" A Sermon preached at the Oxfordshire Feast, No-
vemb. 25,- 1674, in the Church of St. Michael's Cornhill,
London. By John Woolley, M.A., and late Fellow of
Trin. Coll. in Oxon, and Rector of St. Michael's, Crooked-
lane, London. London : Printed by A. Maxwell for R.
Royston, Bookseller to His Most Sacred Majesty, at the
Angel in Amen Corner, MDCLXXV."
There is nothing very profound in Mr. Wool-
tey's discourse, which perhaps may be accounted
for by his having had " only thirteen days " to
prepare anything worthy of the solemnity. My
main inquiry, however, is for the purpose of gain-
ing a little enlightenment as to the institution
and duration of the Oxfordshire Feast.
FOBESTAHIUS.
MRS. REYNOLDS. —
" Death, 1797, June 1. Mrs. Reynolds, widow, of the
late Mr. Reynolds, of Mount Street, Grosvenor Square." —
Gent.'t Mag., June, 1797, p. 532.
Query the maiden, Christian, and surname of
Mrs. Reynolds ; and the Christian name and call-
ing of her husband ?
" Death, 1799, March 1. At Ramsgate, Kent, aged 85,
Mrs. Mary Reynolds." — Gent.'t Mag.,\ March, 1799,
p. 258.
Query the maiden surname of Mrs. Reynolds ;
and the Christian name and calling of her hus-
band ? GLWYSIG.
SIB ROGER DE COVERLET. — Whence did Ad-
dison derive the name of his favourite character ?
He introduces him in these words : —
"The first of our Society is a gentleman of Worcester-
shire, of ancient descent, a Uaronet. His name is Sir
Roger de Coverley. His great-grandfather was inventor
of that famous country-dance, which is called after him."
The Spectator, No. 2, March 2, 1710-11.
Now, was the country dance so called really
anterior to the second number of The Spectator f
If so, my question is already answered. Or was
Addison writing in jest ? (for the " great-grand-
father" of Sir Roger would carry us back into
the early days of Queen Elizabeth \) and have the
inventors of country dances named one of their
measures to meet the demand for Addison's " fa-
mous country dance?" I know of no place
named Coverley : but there is Cubberley in
Gloucestershire, near Cheltenham. Addison's
mention of Worcestershire seems to have led
people's ideas to Westwood and the Pakingtona,
as the original of his model country squire, an idea
I find suggested at least as early as 1779, in the
Gentleman s Magazine : but whether on any just
grounds seems very doubtful. J. G. N.
SACK.BUT, WHAT INSTRUMENT. — In that excel-
lent work, The Popular Music of the Olden Time,
the author quotes the following passage from
Burton's Anatomy of Melancholy, to show that the
sackbut was a bass trumpet, with a slide like the
trombone : —
" As he that plaies upon a Sagbut, by pulling it up
and down, alters his tones and tunes," &c. Ed. 1800,
p. 379.
That Mr. Chappell's suggestion was correct as
to its being of the nature of the trumpet, may, I
think, be proved from Wren's Parentalia, p. 208.
Sir Christopher is speaking of making tubes for the
wheel-barometer (an instrument which he either
invented or perfected), and he says : —
"If the circular pipes, which cannot be truly blown in
glass, were made of brass by those who make trumpets
and eackbuts, who wire-draw their pipes through a hole
to equal them, and then filling them with melted lead,
turn them into what flexures they please," &c. &c.
Burton's assertion is that it is an instrument
played by pulling part of it up and down. Wren's
is that it is of brass made by trumpet-makers, and
bent by them just as that instrument is. If any-
thing was wanted to complete Mr. Chappell's con-
jecture, this surely supplies it. When did it lose
the name of sackbut, and assume that of trom-
bone P In the score of Samson at the Dead
March it is called Trombano. A. A.
Poets' Corner.
ST. PATRICK'S SERMON.- — Is the sermon attri-
buted to St. Patrick, by Stanihurst, as addressed
to the Pagan Irish, genuine or authentic ?
VERITAS.
WTCLIFFE AND INDULGENCES. — Will some
one kindly explain the following statement ? —
" The first whom we read to have contradicted (indul-
gences) was John Wycliffe, who, among the Bohemians
8* S. II. OCT. 11, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
287
first taught that indulgences were not to be believed
in. — Primus quern legimus contradixisse fuit Johannes
Wikleph, qui apud Bohemos primus doeuit non esse
credendum indulgentiis," &c. (Tra.cta.tus de Instil. Sacer-
dot. Dillingen, 1558, fol. 306, by Petrus de Soto.)
This De Soto was, I believe, a professor at Ox-
ford at one time. Was WyclifFe the first to
oppose indulgences publicly, and why is it spe-
cially said that he taught among the Bohemians ?
B. H. C.
WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR'S COMPANIONS. — I
shall be obliged if some of the readers of " N. & Q."
will refer me to a journal, English or French,
wherein I can find a detailed account of the
gathering to inaugurate the affixing in the old
church of Dives the list of the Norman William's
coadjutors? I trust the statement in the inade-
quate report, now going the round of the news-
papers, may be incorrect in regard to there being
no English present. An omission to be regretted
if true, as a meeting of such historic interest
rarely occurs.
I am sure all Englishmen will thank M. De
Caumont for his able superintendence of the
above list, and likewise for his munificence in
erecting last year a commemorative column on
the very spot where the famous Normans met ere
they embarked. W. I. S. H.
britlj
QUOTATION. — I have repeatedly found fn ser-
mons, and other religious works, a distich quoted
descriptive of a Christian's consciousness of a
special providence ; but cannot tell whence it
comes, nor have I ever met with the stanza com-
plete. , The words are : —
" I see a hand thou canst'not see :
I hear a voice thou canst uot hear."
To state the bare fact to " N. & Q." will be to
secure the information wanted.
It may interest some of your readers to see the
same doctrine expounded in a sentence by Bar-
row (Ninth Sermon on the Creed) : —
" O taste and see that the Lord is good ! O taste and see !
He appeals to experience: he supposes the Divine good-
ness maybe seen and felt; that surely -will be a most
efficacious argument of God's existence and providence.
And so it is, indeed, to all good men, for whose comfort
and confirmation it is chiefly mentioned — though it is
not likely to have much influence upon those who have
alienated themselves from God, and driven Him out of
their thoughts ; except they should (beyond what can be
expected from them) be so civil and candid, as to believe
the testimony of others, who assert this great truth unto
them from their own inward conscience and experience."
D.
[These oft-quoted lines occur in Tickell's beautiful
ballad of "Colin and Lucy," and read as follows: —
" I hear a voice, you cannot bear,
Which says, I must not stay ;
I see a hand, you cannot see,
Which beckons me away,
By a false heart and broken vows,
In early youth I die :
Was I to blame, because his bride
Was thrice as rich as I? "]
" GASTER, THE FIRST M.A." — Though my
academic pursuits leave me no time for general
reading, I always contrive to get a sight of
Blackwood ; and I am now brought to a stand-
still by an amusing poem in the current number
of Maga, under the title, " Gaster, the First M.A."
This clever production is based on a citation from
Rabelais : —
" The ruler of this place was one Master Gaster, the
first Master of Arts in the world."
Who was Gaster ?
A CAMBRIDGE UNDERGRADUATE.
[Our querist is quite right in putting the question, as
it is sure to be asked at the next Cambridge examina-
tion for the University scholarship, and a good reply can-
not get less than 1,000 marks. It is a "casus belly" as
he will at once perceive by referring to the first line of
the ninth stanza : —
" I must own we've had bloodshed by Gaster's advice."
By this time, indeed, it has no doubt occurred to our
correspondent that Gaster is f»<r-n^, venter, ventriculus,
the belly or stomach. It is, however, worthy of remark •
that the idea attributed to Rabelais, of making Gaster a
Master of Arts, is originally due to Persius : —
" Magister artis, ingenique largitor
Venter, negatas artifex seqni voces."
In Prolog.
For this remark, however, we claim no originality, as
it is evident from the two concluding lines of the poem
in question that the talented author, whoever he may be,
was aware of the coincidence between Persius and Ra-
belais.]
MOTTO. — " Francha leale toge " is the motto of
the Hammersmith^Foundation Grammar School.
Can any of your readers give us a clue to the
meaning ? MAGISTEB.
[This is the motto of Lord Godolphin, and appears to
be a mixture of French and Romance. In The Arms of
the Nobility, published by G. Kearsly in 1781, it is ren-
dered " A free, loyal gownsman ; " but, taken literally,
it means " A free, loyal toga " (or robe). In explana-
tion of this phrase as the motto of a nobleman, we may
remark, that toga, or toge, formerly signified the robe
proper to a person above the common rank. " Las togas,
lasquals so maniera de vestidura nobla als cavaliers."
("Les toges, lesquelles sont maniere de vetement noble
pour les chevaliers." — Raynouard.) It is worthy also of
observation that the two epithets, francha and leale, else-
where appear in company: " Francx e Hals ses bauzia,"
(Franc et loyal sans tromperie.)]
WOOD OF LANCASHIRE AND MIDDLESEX. —
" Arms sa. a chief gu., over all a lion ramp. ar. —
Confirmed, June 20th, 1634." Can any of your
readers inform me where this family were located
in Lancashire, and where a pedigree may be found?
VIATOR.
[The Wood family appears to have been seated at
Turton, in Lancashire, as early as the 19th Edward III.,
if not before that time, as the following Charter, dated
288
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"»S. II. OCT. ll,.'6t>.
19 Edw. III., annexed to a pedigree of the family in
Harl. MS. 1437, testifies: " Willielmus del NVod capel-
lanus concessit, etc. Alexandra do Wod omnia ilia ter-
ras tenementa cum perlinentilus que habui in villa de
Tnrtou in uno loco qui vocatur le >Yod," etc. 3
HOPTON HAYNES, ESQ., Assay- Master of the
Mint. What is known of this gentleman beyond
the meagre account given in the Preface to the
third edition of his most admirable work: The
Scripture Account of the Attributes and Worship of
God ; and of the Character and Offices of Jesus
Christ f F.
[The fourth edition of the above •work, published in
1815, contains some additional particulars of Hopton
llaynes by Robert Aspland of Hackney, extracted from
Nichols's 'Literary Anecdotes, ii. 140, 141 : consult also,
Nichols's Literary Illustrations, vi. 876, 876; but espe-
cially Aikiu's General Biography, \. 86. j
"KNOCK! O, GOOD SIR ROBERT, KNOCK!" —
In the current number of Temple Bar, in The
Strange Adventures of Captain Dangerous, is the
following sentence ; it is relating to a punishment
in Bridewell : —
" Afterwards I learnt that she had been seen beating
hemp, in Bridewell, in a satin sack lined with satin; and
I warrant that she was fain to cry ' Knock, O good Sir
Robert, knock,' many a time before the blue-coated
beadles had done ' swingeing her.' "
What is the origin of the cry " Knock ! O,
good Sir Robert, knock " ?
Why " Sir Robert," especially ? Was he the
patron or inventor of cats, or rods, or hemp-beat-
ing ? I should have expected an appeal for mercy
from the swinged fair one ! Now, in what works
shall I find authentic details of the discipline at
Bridewell during the sixteenth and seventeenth
centuries ? And in what publications shall I meet
•with the apocryphal accounts ?
Some years since I read, that " fashionable par-
ties were made up to visit Bridewell on Wednes-
days (the writer I have quoted, speaks of " Evil
Thursday,") to see the female culprits flagellated ; "
but it was before the advent of Captain Cuttle.
I unfortunately made no note thereof of my
authority — Hinc illce. lachrymee, E. M.
[The author of Captain Dangerous appears to have
derived his account of Bridewell punishments from the
Notes on Hogarth, Mr. Peter Cunningham's Handbook of
London, and Ward's London Spy, Part VI. The punish-
ment, which was inflicted by men with the cat, ceased
when the presiding magistrate dropped his hammer:
hence the cry for relief, " Knock ! O, good Sir Robert,
knock ! " Perhaps some of onr City Antiquaries may be
enabled to identify the Sir Robert; whose name is thus
immortalised in a saying which was once a common cry
of reproach among the lower orders, to denote that a
woman had been whipped in Bridewell.]
ANONYMOUS Who was the author of The
Pleader's Guide ; a didactic poem, in two parts,
&c., &c., by the late J. J. S., Esquire, Special
Pleader and Barrister-at-Law : London, Cadell &
Davies, 1803, 2nd edition, 12mo?
THOMAS II. CEOMKK.
Wakefield.
[The first edition of The Pleader's Guide was published
in 1796, with the following pseudonymous name on the
title-page: "By the late John Surrebutter, Esq., Special
Pleader, and Barrister-at-Law." It is the production of
John Anstey, son of Christopher Anstey, author of Tlie
New Bath Guide, Sfc. ]
.
GALILEO AND THE TELESCOPE.
(3rd S. ii. 210.)
It should have been stated, if not by whom, at
least by what sort of person, the story was told.
In my remarks upon it I shall follow the plan
adopted by Mr. Weld, in his History of the Royal
Society. He overthrows the legend that the So-
ciety's mace is the bauble which Cromwell ordered
off, by showing separately and independently —
first, that the Society's mace is not the one in
question ; secondly, that it is another.
The facts of Galileo's biography — I mean, the
undisputed facts — show that he never "began to
promulgate " Copernican doctrines until after the
invention of the telescope. In his since cele-
brated letter to Kepler of 1597, he declares his
opinion, and his intention to suppress it from fear
of ridicule. He divined the telescope from what
he heard of the Dutch invention, in May 1609.
He found Jupiter's satellites January 7 — 13, 1610 ;
and the phases of Venus towards the end of Sep-
tember, 1610. There was, therefore, no long
period during which he " devoted all his energies
to perfect the telescope," before discovering the
phases of Venus. And he did not begin to agi-
tate in favour of the Copernican theory, until
the revelations of the telescope had put it on
quite a new footing. There is then every possible
biographical reason to refuse all admission of cre-
dibility to the story narrated.
Next, the story itself seems to be an echo of the
one which was for so many years told without
contradiction of Copernicus himself. I have not
traced it higher than Keill's Lectures (Latin, 1718 ;
English, 1721). Query, Can any one trace it
higher still. This story is that Copernicus, on the
absence of phases in Venus being brought against
him as an objection, prophesied that the day
would come when those phases would be dis-
covered. That Copernicus should have heard an
objection or answered an objection to his book,
is impossible : for the author s copy reached him
on the day, and near the hour, of his death : —
" Contigit autem," says Gassendi, " ut eodem die, ac
horis non multis priusquam animam efflaret, operia
3'd S. II. OCT. 11, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
289
exemplum ad se destinatum, sibiqne oblatum, et viderit
qnidein, et contigerit : sed erant jam tuna alias ipsi curas."
And as to what Copernicus thought or said
about his system, except as appears in his book,
there is nothing of which we know less.
This anecdote was revived, in 1846-47, by the
discussions about the planet Neptune ; and it
struck me to look at the work of Copernicus, to
see whether anything was said about Venus and
her phases. I found (book i. cap. 10) that the
difficulty is noticed ; and especially in its ex-
treme case, the transit of Venus over the sun's
disk — the black phase, as it might be called. Co-
pernicus takes quite for granted that no phase
exists ; which obliges him to acknowledge that
the planets have not the opacity of the moon, but
either shine by their own light, or are soaked
through by the sun's rays : —
" Non ergo fatemur in stellis opacitatem esse aliquam
lunari similem, sed vel proprio lumine, vel solari totis
imbutas corporibus fulgere, et idcirco solem non im-
pediri "
If it had been the fashion really to read Coper-
nicus, or even Galileo, who gives an account of
this opinion of Copernicus, this story would not
have held its ground for more than a century.
A. DE MORGAN.
Even if contemporary evidence could be ad-
duced in confirmation of the story related by
A. A., it must be rejected as inconsistent with
established facts. We are told, in this story of
Galileo's remarkable theories, of the non-appear-
ances of phases of Venus as an objection of some
one to his theories, and of the prompt determina-
tion thereupon to make a telescope. The follow-
ing are the facts : — Galileo and his father were
good mathematicians : the son, born at Pisa in
1564, commenced his studies in 1581 at the uni-
versity there. Before he left that university, he
discovered the isochronism of the pendulum, which
was first practically applied by physicians to ascer-
tain the beats of the pulse ; Galileo being de-
signed for such profession by his father, who died
in 1591. The principles of specific gravities by
Commandine succeeded to his study of Euclid
and Archimedes ; and in 1589 he became pro-
fessor of mathematics at Pisa. He next studied
dynamics, or motion, as it was then termed ; and
Galileo embraced the astronomical theory of
Copernicus, or the true one of the solar system as
published in 1543. This system had already been
adopted by Kepler, the correspondent of Galileo,
1597 — 1630. Many eminent men at this time
held " the remarkable theories." All this took
place before his appointment to the mathematical
chair at Padua, in 1592. Galileo wrote much,
and re-invented the thermometer prior to 1597;
when he tells Kepler that he had been a Coperni-
can " many years ago." Before 1606, he invented
the sector and [Gunter's] sliding scale. His lec-
tures became very popular, especially after the
first appearance of a star in great splendour in
Ophiuchus. In 1607, Galileo became acquainted
with our Gilbert's works on the magnet. In
writing to Cosmo, in 1609, he speaks of his writ-
ings in progress : one immense work on the struc-
ture of the universe, full of philosophy, astronomy,
and geometry ; another on motion ; one on me-
chanics; others on natural subjects — as sound
and speech, light and colours, the tide, the com-
position of continuous quantity, and on the motions
of animals ; besides books on various branches of
the military art, mathematical instruments, &c.
It was probably from Baptista Porta that Galileo,
in 1609, with an organ pipe for tube, learned to
make the first telescope, on the principle of our
opera-glass, and publicly exhibited it at Venice.
His first use of this instrument was directed to
our moon ; his second, to Jupiter's moons ; and
his third, to the nebulae. The result he published
in his Nuncitis Sidereus, in 1610. In 1611, his
fourth principal use of his telescope was directed
towards Saturn ; where he resolves the rings (now
known, but not then,) into two stars, giving it an
oblong appearance, of which he made a secret by
transposing the letters enunciating the discovery.
His fifth use was directed to Venus, a month
afterwards ; and then he announced, as before, in
a conundrum, the discovery of the phases of this
planet.
I now come to the origin of the story related
to A. A. : —
" Twenty-five years before this discovery of the phases
of Venus," * says Mr. Drinkwater-Bethune (L. U. K.
Lives of Eminent Persons, GALILEO, p. 35), " a commen-
tator of Aristotle, under the name of Lucillus Philalttueus,
had advanced the doctrine that all the planets except
the moon are luminous of themselves, and in proof of his
assertion had urged, ' that if the other planets and fixed
stars received their light from the sun, they would, as
they approached and receded from him, or as he ap-
proached and receded from them, assume the same
phases as the moon, which,' he adds, ' we have never yet
observed.' He further remarks, ' that Mercury and Venus
would, in the supposed case of their being nearer the
earth than the sun, eclipse it occasionally, just as eclipses
are occasioned by the moon.' Copernicus, whose want of
instruments had prevented him from observing the
horned appearance of Venus when between the earth and
sun, had perceived how formidable an obstacle the non-
appearance of this phenomenon presented to his system ;
he endeavoured, though unsatisfactorily, to account for
it by supposing that the rays of the sun passed freely
through the body of the planet ; and Galileo takes occa-
sion to praise him for not being deterred from adopting
the system, which, on the whole, appeared to agree best
with the phenomena, by meeting with some which it did
not enable him to explain."
The above is extracted from Mr. Drinkwater-
Bethune's admirable Life of Galileo, where, at
* Or, five years alter Galileo commenced his medical
studies at Pisa, and three years before lie taught mathe-
matics there.
290
NOTES AND QUERIES.
S. IL OCT. 11, '62.
p. 106, will be found a list of his works. His life
has also been written by Viviani, Gherardini,
Nelli, and Salusbury , and Venturi has published
some of his MSS. ' T. J. BCCKTON.
Lichfield.
BISHOP JUXON.
(3rd S. ii. 147, 232.)
Small errors are often useful in angling for
large ones. I shall confine myself at present to
CJEDO ILLUD'S remarks, as he has oddfyr enough
transferred the inquiry from the good bishop's to
a Jamaica family of a different name, and ap-
parently unconnected with it ; and seems entirely
to ignore the family of Hesketh, on which the re-
presentation of the Juxons really devolves ; and
to which only an apology is due from me, for my
recent oversight.
I mentioned, not positively, but on hearsay, and
(as the context shows) without attaching any
value to it, the belief amongst some persons, that
the Primate had a daughter. I said so ; just as
CJEDO ILLUD sets forth the Jackson hypothesis,
with this difference, that he appears to believe
implicitly the idle story which he so strongly
advocates.
Had G£DO ILLUD followed out his own dictum,
and supported his argument with a veritable
Jackson pedigree and grant of arms, then indeed
he would have been consistent ; but as the matter
stands, his whole evidence rests on his own asser-
tion— that the owner of two gold cups bearing
the Juxon arms made a statement to him, and
that the " impression remains " on his mind that
he " clearly established his right to represent
that house (Juxon), either deriving through male
or female." (!)
As for the " grant of crown lands " in Jamaica,
any one may be satisfied that ordinary respecta-
bility, and the means to clear and keep the same,
under certain limitations, were the government
terms.
Now, may I ask : Where is CJEDO ILLUD'S au-
thority * Where are his connecting links f What
does his vague evidence go to prove ? What
would a jury say, were such a case on such evi-
dence placed before it ? There is nothing more
common than mistakes about portraits ; but in
the present instance, the very existence of such a
portrait as that of Bishop Juxon rests on no
foundation whatever. There " is said " to have
been one also of Bishop Shipley. Was he, there-
fore, likewise an ancestor? And what of the
" Jacksons of Cambay," or of the ancestors of the
possessors of the gold cups ? How were they con-
nected ? Is the simple possession of a seal, of
unknown date, and traceable by no names, to be
seriously offered in proof of a very feeble attempt
to make out a case of historical descent from the
semblance of circumstantial evidence?
ILLUD, with warm sympathies, has been betrayed
into rather illogical statements ; but I trust that
he will yet pursue the more profitable inquiry as
to the origin of Bishop Juxon's family.
In conclusion, I beg to name Dallaway's Sussex
as my authority for saying that Richard Juxon
had two sons. By a reference to that work, I
think that C.KDO ILLUD will be satisfied that there
is no proof whatever to destroy the belief that
Sir R. Hesketh was, in 1792, the sole representa-
tive of the Bishop's family, and that the represen-
tation remains in his family to this day.
M. S. S.
P.S. C. J. R. will find, on reference to the his-
tory of Sussex, that Archbishop Juxon's grand-
father "suffered for his religion in 1557," at
Cbichester. In the Cal. State Papers (Col. Series)
a certain Nicholas Juxon is mentioned in con-
nection with Barbadoes ; but he does not appear
to have been a relative of the Prelate.
I feel assured, from inquiries that I have made,
that the learned Ulster King-at-Arms does not
guarantee the [pedigrees inserted in the Landed
Gentry.
CJEDO ILLUD has fallen into precisely the same
error that he condemns in M. S. S., namely, that of
advancing statements unsubstantiated by the facts
of the case. If such a statement as that made by
the former, with reference to the claim which he
puts forward in behalf of the family of Jackson,
be seriously entertained, our titled classes would
soon have enough to do to ward off the approaches
of supposed ill-used heirs to their honours.
The practice of claiming to represent this or
that mediaeval celebrity is one of the salient fol-
lies of the day ; and arises from causes which are
obvious, and do not therefore require to be pointed
out.
It must be evident to the serious reader of
"N. & Q.," that the connection between the
families of Juxon and Jackson remains quite as
apocryphal as ever. The similarity of names, and
the possession of the cups mentioned, are the sole
foundation for such a conjecture. There may or
may not have been a picture of Bishop Juxon at
Catherine Hall, Jamaica, but in either case that
fact would prove nothing : for nothing is more
common than for families to possess portraits of
the members of other families. But to cut the
supposed Gordian knot (although I fail to detect
one), let the Jackson pedigree, authorised by
the Heralds' College, be produced ; and let it be
compared with any known pedigree of Juxon. If
then, there should appear to be any connection
between the two, I shall deny my nom de plume.
Ex HIH1LO H1HIL TIT.
s. II. OCT. 11, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
291
The conversation between the Kev. R. W. Dib-
din and the poor shoemaker (ante, p. 233), reminds
me of the following, which appeared among the
Answers to Correspondents in a weekly journal
issued in 1854 : —
" Q., Birmingham. — 1765, there was a Juxon, a shoe-
maker in the cloisters, West Smithfield, descended from
a younger brother of the celebrated Archbishop Juxon."
W. W. TAYLOR, Jun.
I am the only surviving son of the Rev. S. J.
Jackson of Ayton, St. David's, Jamaica, to whom
CJEDO ILLUD refers, and can corroborate most of
his statements. Being now in England, none of
the documents which would throw a light on the
matter are immediately accessible, but I will en-
deavour to obtain some authentic information on
the subject ; and, when found, will communicate
it to " N. & Q." I remember hearing of a pedi-
gree which commenced long anterior to Bishop
Juxon ; and there is a tree, in our family, which
shows the descent. J. B. J.
PREMATURE INTERMENTS.
(3rd S. ii. 110, 156.)
In addition to the writers named by your cor-
respondent GRIME, this frightful subject will be
found discussed in the following modern and
accessible works : —
" On the Truths contained in Popular Superstitions
By Herbert Mayo, M.D. 2nd edition. London, 1851."
" The Philosophy of Mystery. By Walter Cooper
Dendy. London, 1841."
" P'hysiology of Common Life. By G. H. Lewes.
Edinburgh, I860." Vol. II.
" Mysteries of Life, Death, and Futurity. By Horace
Welby. London, 1861."
Dr. Mayo endeavours, I think with some degree
of success, to connect this subject of premature
interment with the strange one of " Vampirism ;"
making the former, in part at least, to explain
the latter.
Your correspondent M.D. observes : " Surely
no one should be placed in his coffin unless a
medical man has assured himself, by personal in-
spection, that life is extinct." This, no doubt,
would be a very sensible precaution ; but then
the question suggests itself — What are the in-
fallible signs of death? It may surprise the
nonscientific reader to be informed that, under
ordinary circumstances, the only really infallible
sign is the commencement of decomposition. Yet
this is the conclusion at which Mr. Harrison, Dr.
A. T. Thompson, and Mr. Lewes arrive. I say
" under ordinary circumstances," because it seems
probable that auscultation may afford a second in-
fallible sign (see M. Bouchut, Traite des Signes
de la Mart, Sfc., 1849) ; which is, however, only
available in cases where the stethoscope can be
applied, and where there is an experienced medical
practitioner to apply it.
_ A case of recovery from apparent death, very
similar to that referred to by your correspondent
T. B. (3rd S. ii. 114) is recorded by Dr. Paris, in
his Medical Jurisprudence, of the infant daughter
of Henry Laurens, the first President of the
American Congress. Dr. Paris tells us that the
child " was laid out as dead, of the small-pox ;
upon which the window of the apartment, which
had been carefully closed during the progress of
the disease, was thrown open to ventilate the
chamber, when the fresh air revived the (sup-
posed) corpse, and restored her to her family.
This circumstance," adds the Doctor, " occasioned
in her father so powerful a dread of living inter-
ment, that he directed by will that his body should
be burnt; and enjoined on his children the per-
formance of this wish as a sacred duty."
W. MAUDE.
Birkenhead.
GRADELY.
(lrt S. ii. 334.)
I think few of your Lancashire correspondents
can have perused the page here indicated without
falling into fits of laughter during the progress of
their reading, especially on arriving at the defini-
nition of E. H. I have never yet seen a correct
definition of " gradely " in any glossary, for the
compilers of glossaries are mostly Southerners, and
no Southerner ever appears capable of thoroughly
comprehending the Lancashire dialect. I do not
enter into the question of its derivation, but its
signification ; and permit a Lancashire writer to
inform your Southern readers that " gradely "
does not mean either " orderly," or " greyhead-
edly" (!), or " respectable," or " tolerable "(!),
or " moderately," or " according to degree."
There is nothing " moderate " or " tolerable " in
the meaning of " gradely." It means, as AREDJID
KOVEZ states, " out and out " — " thoroughly,"
" perfectly," " in the utmost perfection." " De-
cent," " proper," and " very," are weak and
diluted words compared with " gradely." It has
no connection whatever with " wisdom." " Gradely
weel " means " perfectly well," not " tolerable,"
as G. P. states.
" Gradely " is not synonymous with " decent,"
which is supplied in the Lancashire dialect by
" tidy." " Hoo 's a tidy lass " : " it is a tidy
day" : and I have even heard that the poulterer
had brought " a tidy goose " !
Allow me to recommend to any one who de-
sires to obtain a thorough acquaintance with the
Lancashire dialect, to read Th' Pellet/ fro Rachde's
Visit to th' Greijt Eggsibishun, published by
Wrigley of Rochdale, and to be had from Rout-
ledge, or Hamilton, Adams, & Co. It is far
292
NOTES AND QUEKIES.
II. OCT. 11, '62.
superior in every sense to Tim Bobbin, and pre-
serves the rich Lancashire humour to perfection.
May I quote one specimen P The " Felley " has
succeeded in persuading " Mestur Kobdin" to
give him an order for the Strangers' Gallery,
House of Commons : —
'• \Vliol aw wor lukin at thooso slcopin chaps, 0 uth
suddin, th' fuke us were sittin raand obaftt wheere aw
wor startud o riinnun aiit, un thinks aw to mcsel, bith
mon, ther's suminut fur to doo, a foire, ur clze th' gal-
lery's foi'n, ur suminut, so aw nipt up me hat nn cut off e
sich a splutter whol aw'd welley [almost] loikt fur to
fone o'er sum chaps we cuttiu so fast daiiu sum stares us
we ad fur to goo dattn, aw wor so freetent. Won chap
doubelt his neyve [fist] ut me fur thrutchin [pushing]
so, but watcud aw doo? it wer every mon fur his-sel,
un aw dident want fur to be othur 'brunt to death or
kilt so fur fro whorae. O ut wonst we koome to o ston,
oppo o londin plaze, un aw sed, ' Watever is ther to doo?'
un a centulmon sed, ' The bails is dividin, Sur.' 'Bith
mon! ' [by. the man — who he was I never knew] aw sed,
" connut us get fur off? we's 6 be kilt! fur ith hatts is
spliltin, it met fo [must fall] this rode on, connnt we get
aiit o this ole?' "O!" E sed, "u misunderstand me,
Sur, the memburs ar dividin, goin to vote.' ' 0 ! ' aw
sed, « is tad 6 [is that all] ? ' "
I have slightly altered the spelling where it did
not seem quite calculated to give the correct pro-
nunciation. I cannot praise the glossary to this
book in some instances ; it seems to me to have
been furnished by some one who did not always
understand one of the two languages. I fear your
compositor will owe me a grudge for the above.
HEBMEKTBCDE.
OATHS.
(!•' S. viii. 364, &c.)
A long time ago I asked how it was, that Welsh
witnesses, when they took an oath, were in the
habit of laying their fingers on the top of the
Bible. This question never received a satisfac-
tory answer ; but I think I am now able to afford
a reasonable solution of it.
On talking with a clergyman, who was born in
Wales, on the subject, he informed ine that when
he was at school he was taught that the laying of
the three larger fingers on the Bible was intended
to indicate the Holy Trinity ; and I think this is
confirmed by a fact I have learned from Moore's
Lost Tribes of the Saxons of the East and West
(p. 234), where it is stated that the high priest of
the Jews, in order to signify the name of Jehovah,
was accustomed to extend his three fingers in a
manner of which he gives a figure ; in which the
thumb is represented as holding down the little
finger, whilst the other three fingers are extended.
The earliest mode of swearing was that mentioned
in Gen. xiv. 22 : " I have lifted up my hand to
Jehovah." And I cannot help thinking that it is
very probable that originally the Jews, when they
lifted up their bands in taking an oath, extended
their three fingers, but were silent. It is well
known how sedulously they avoided littering the
name of Jehovah; now this would naturally lead
them to adopt some symbol, instead of uttering
the sacred name. And, if so, none would appear
to be more likely than that so used by the lii^h
priest. If then the oath was originally so t-ikcn,
it seems highly probable that, when the hand came
in process of time to be laid on the book instead
of being held up, the three fingers would be laid
upon it; and, when it became the practice to
raise the book up to the lips, the position of those
fingers would very likely be continued, and the
thumb placed under the book in order to raise it.
This would seem to afford a reasonable expla-
nation of the practice still in use amongst the
Welsh.
Dr. Moore endeavours to prove that the an-
cient inscriptions in India are really in Hebrew,
though expressed by Sanscrit letters and points.
He gives long inscriptions, which he turns into
Hebrew, letter by letter and point by point, and
he adds an English version of the Hebrew. I
mention this in the hope that some one much
more competent than myself may carefully test
these versions, as the subject is one of great in-
terest. I have tested parts of his versions into
the Hebrew letters, and they appeared to me very
accurately to correspond ; but I found an instance
or two where the Sanscrit letter was not con-
tained in the alphabets given by Dr. Moore, but
was to be found in those given by M. Williams
in his Sanscrit Grammar, and yet Dr. Moore had
correctly rendered it in Hebrew.
C. S. GREAVES.
EALES FAMILY.
(2nd S. i. 510.)
In answer to the Queries of A. K., to which I
have not seen any reply, I beg leave to give you
a few memoranda, as there requested, of my old
and esteemed friend Richard Eales, Esq., and
some of his family. The great-grandfather of
the present Charles Thomas Eales, Esq., was
born in Ashburton, Devon, and had two sons,
Richard and William. They married two sisters,
the Misses Smerdon, of Ashburton, where John
was born. Richard Eales lived at Buckland
House, near Ashburton. John Eales married
Susanna Hoyles of Dartmouth. He had sons, —
Richard, born at Ashburton in 1759, Thomas,
John, and William, and five daughters. Richard,
with whom I was well acquainted, married Eliza-
beth Young, a descendant of the Martins of
Combe Marlon. By her Richard had three chil-
dren,— Charles, who has the Stamp Office at
Bristol, and lives at Clifton, and is married to
Frances Elizabeth Daniel, daughter of George
Daniel, M.D., of Exeter, a physician of great
3** S. II. OCT. 11, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
293
repute ; — Elizabeth, married to Michael Williams,
Esq. of Trevince, and Carhayes Castle, Cornwall ;
Caroline married William Williams, Esq., of Tre-
gullow, Cornwall ; Thomas died young. Richard
bought the manor of Duwlish, and sold it again,
except the Easdon estate, where he lived and
died, on Monday, August 18, 1851, at the age of
ninety-three, having been Clerk of the Peace,
for the county of Devon, more than fifty years.
He left Easdon and other property to his son
Charles Thomas Eales, who lives at Clifton. The
above-named Richard Eales had three brothers, — •
John, a Lieut, in the Royal Navy, who married
and left three daughters ; William, in Holy Or-
ders, who married and left sons and daughters,
and Thomas, who died unmarried. I cannot
refrain from sending you the following extract
from an Exeter paper : —
" The highly respected and worthy Clerk of the Peace for
this county (Devon), Richard Eales, Esq., entered on his
ninety-third year on Monday, August 18th, having been
born at Ashburton in the year 1759. It rarely falls to
the lot of man to attain this age, in possession of all his
faculties, as he has done, and it was cheering to hear the
venerable gentleman say in reply to the inquiries and
congratulations of his many friends and neighbours who
called upon him or sent on the above day, that he was
better than he had been for two years past.
" ' Though fallen into the sere and yellow leaf,
He had all that should accompany old age,
As Honour* Love, Obedience, troops of Friends.'
" There is not in the kingdom so remarkable an in-
stance of a Clerk of the Peace having been attached to
that office so many years. Mr. Eales having been
articled as Clerk to the late Mr. Gulletr, then Deputy
Clerk of the Peace, in the year 1770, being then sixteen
years old: when Mr. Gullett was appointed Clerk, Mr.
Eales was appointed Deputy Clerk in the year 1784, and
Clerk in the year 1798, so that he had belonged to the
office the long period of seventy-six years, during the
first sixty of which he had only been absent from its
duties, at Assize and Sessions, six times ! Mr. Eales has
contributed handsomely to the new church at Starcross,
and given a donation of 10/. towards the repair of the
organ in the church of his native town, Ashburton."
"Scire tuum nihil est, nisi tescire, hocsciat, alter."
W. Coi-LTNS.
Chudleigh Newton.
WHITTINGTON AND HIS CAT.
(3rd S. ii. 121, 196.)
Absence from home has prevented me from
giving an earlier reply to the article of ME.
KEIGHTLEY". The cat legend is in reality a very
insignificant part of the history of that very great
man, Sir Richard Whittington, nor should I have
taken so much pains to endeavour to establish the
truth of it, had it not so happened that the very
remarkable story attached to that great man's
name had well nigh thrown his whole history (a
history well worth rescuing) into the region of
fable.
I cannot agree with MR. KEIGHTLET'S inference
that repetition of an historical fact need cast any
doubt upon the repetition. We know that history
does and must repeat itself over and over again ;
innumerable instances of- such repetitions might
be given. The more remarkable the fact, the
more likely is it to produce imitation.
That similar cat legends should have been cir-
culated elsewhere, does not, to my mind, take the
Whittington tale out of the sphere of possibilities,
or even probabilities. Whatever may be the an-
tiquity of some of the cat legends to which MB.
KEIGHTXEY refers, I can only trace the Italian
version of it to the novels of Megalotti, who was
ambassador from Cosmo III., Grand Duke of Tus-
cany, to Vienna, in 1670, and he attributes the
story to Messer Ansaldo degli Ormanni, in the
time of Americus Vespucius, more than half a
century after Whittington's death. But do we
not constantly see the disposition of history to re-
peat itself? Is there ever a murder or a forgery,
under aggravated or peculiar circumstances, but
we immediately see repetitions of the same, or a
nearly similar character ?
Whatever may have been the truth of the story,
of William Tell's shooting the apple off his son's
head (which I am not going to vindicate here), I
don't think that the fact of the same feat having
been performed by the hero Toko, as related by
Saxo Grammaticus, need cast a shade of doubt
upon the repetition (if it were so) by Tell. Had
the tyrant of Hapsburg read or heard of Toko's
exploit, it would have been precisely the sort of
thing his cruel mind would have rejoiced in imi-
tating. That histories of this sort have a tendency
to repeat themselves, let me refer those who take
an interest in such things, to the following extract
from the Daily News of Sept. 24, 1862 : —
" Three sportsmen who happened to meet last week at
a public house near St. Cyprian (Belgium), began talking
of their skill in shooting, when one of them, a wealthy
farmer, named Cyrille S , betted that he would hit, at
a certain distance, a lantern placed" on the head of his son,
a boy five years old. A lighted lantern was accordingly
placed on the child's head, and cleverly knocked off by a
pistol shot, which just grazed the boy's cap. But the
affair did not end here, for while the parties were drink-
ing the wine which the loser had paid, the police came and
arrested all thiee ; Monsieur S on the charge of en-
dangering his son's life, and the others as accomplices."
Whether Monsieur S was merely a pla-
giarist upon the legend of Tell, or whether he
committed this actproprio motu, signifies little; the
act was, with variation of minor circumstances,
repeated, and is not the less worthy of credit from
its having been performed some centuries pre-
viously.
Sufficient contemporary biographers of Hogarth
have shielded him from having any dog-legend
attached to him, in consequence of his having
painted his favourite dog's portrait together with
294
NOTES AND QUERIES.
'i S. II. OCT. 11, '62.
his own. I confess that I still like my pudding
with the plums in it, but I will not quarrel with
those who prefer their historical pudding plain.
SAMUEL LTSONS.
Hempsted Court, near Gloucester.
SABA HOLMES (3rd S. i. 465 ; ii. 35.) — About
three months ago a correspondent who signed
himself AN ISLE OF WIGHT HOLMES, wrote to
" N. & Q." that Sara Holmes was the wife of
John, son of Sir John Holmes, the latter being
brother of Sir Robert, governor of that island,
and he was good enough to promise further par-
ticulars from MSS. in his possession. No further
corroboration of this opinion having appeared, I
take the liberty to mention a few circumstances
that militate against it.
In the original advertisement which gave rise
to this inquiry, it is stated that Sara Holmes
married John Holmes, Nov. 1684. Now in the
will of Sir Robert Holmes, dated Oct. 28, 1692,
he requires that in default of Henry, his nephew,
not marrying Sir Robert's natural daughter, Mary,
within eighteen months, then his other nephew,
John, should either marry her within another
eighteen months, or in his turn forfeit the pro-
perty.
Apart from the fact of the Christian names,
Sara and Mary, not being in accordance, it is
evident that John, the husband of Sara, being at
the time of Sir Robert's death already married,
a,nd when he died, in 1700, his widow Sara sur-
viving him, Sir Robert could not have required
him to marry his daughter, nor could he hereafter
have so wedded ; his identity, therefore, with
John, the son of Sir John Holmes, is the reverse
of being established.
There is a query started by the ISLE or WIGHT
HOLMES, which evidently indicates a belief that
this Sara was the natural daughter and heiress of
the property in question, and which idea cannot
be established. MONSON.
Burton Hal).
QUOTATIONS, REFERENCES, ETC. (3rd S. ii. 105.)
Luther did not live to review the Tridentine
Council. See Bungener's History of the Council
of Trent, Scott's translation, page 66 : —
" For the first time (it was now the 22nd of February),
the Council met to deliberate in good earnest. The
legates appeared radiant with smiles. Why so? . . .
....... Luther was dead ! "
D. C.A.A.
A CURIOUS GRAVESTONE INSCRIPTION (3rd S.
ii. 190.) —
[The Qnery of HALLAMSHIRE having been quoted by
the Sheffield Independent has elicited the following reply,
which appears in that journal of the 9th ult., and which
has been obligingly forwarded by the Editor : — ]
"To THE EDITOR.— I, like your correspondent «Hal-
lainshire,' have often, when a boy, read the inscription
upon the gravestone in the parish churchyard to which
he refers in this day's Independent. I have pleasure in
informing him that the stone is still in its position, and
the lettering is not materially defaced. The twelve
crowned heads referred to were: — Charles II. and his
Queen; James II. and his Queen; William and Mary;
Anne ; George I. ; George II. and las Queen ; George ill.
and his Queeu.
"The inscription is as follows: — 'Joseph Newton,
who wished to live peaceably with all men. Born 12th
July, 1682; Died January 10th, 1767. He lived in the
Reigns of ^Twelve Crowned Heads of England.' The
stone is on the north side of the church, under the belfry
door. I shall be happy to show the stone to ' Hallam-
shire,' or to any other person who may be wishful to see
it. — Your obedient servant,
" JOHN KIRK, Parish Clerk.
« Cemetery Road, Sheffield, Sept 8, 1862."
GHETTO, DERIVATIONS OF (3rd S. ii. 248.) —
The query proposed by my friend and your cor-
respondent, A. A., respecting the signification of
the word "-ghetto," is answered, I apprehend,
without much difficulty. A very significant de-
rivation, and one consistent with the contempt
formerly endured by the Jews, would be that
from the Arabic, i^, ghft, or ghitan, a lurking
place, a den into ivhich an animal descends (comp.
Heb. nt3y, ghata, to veil, cover). But I am con-
vinced that the word ghetto is derived from the
Arabic ^~^. hheito, or hhaito, an enclosed space,
a court, a precinct. This word would be pro-
nounced very nearly as ghetto. The letter which
I have expressed by double h, hh, is a guttural,
rather less strong than the Greek x> which can
only be expressed in Italian, I imagine, by the
letter g, and is so expressed in the word grisolito
for chrysolith. J. R.
The derivation from ghet, Hebrew, a bill of
divorce, is 'given by Muratori, Ant. Hal. Diss.,
33, in v. I would suggest, as a more probable
origin, the German word, gitter. The Jews*
quarter was enclosed at the end with a wicket
gate. L.
CHIEF JUSTICE SAUNDERS' (3rd S. ii. 231.) —
By Chief Justice Saunders's will it appears that
he was born in the parish of Barnwood, which is
about two miles from Gloucester ; to the poor of
which he leaves 20i to be distributed at the dis-
cretion of his father Gregory. He also bequeaths
legacies to his father and mother Gregory, his
, sister Frances Hall, bis old aunt Saunders, and
his cousin Sarah Hoare. Gregory, no doubt, was
the name of his mother's second husband. (See
Lord Campbell's Chief Justices, vol. ii. p. 73.)
He died on June 19, 1683, at his house on Par-
son's Green. (2 Shower, 315.)
EDWARD Foss.
"THE CAPTIVE KNIGHT" (3rd S. ii. 188.)— The
song alluded to by Q. Q. is, I think, the poem by
3fd S. II. OCT. 11, '62. ]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
295
Mrs. Hemans, entitled " The Captive Knight,"
and begins thus : —
" 'T was a trumpet's pealing sound,
And the Kniglit looked down from the paynim's tower."
The mistake might easily occur, if your corre-
spondent quoted from memory. The lines may
be found in the edition of Mrs. Hemans's Poems,
published by Blackvvood and Sons, 1828. I re-
member that the lines I refer to were set to music
by Mrs. Hemans's sister, as were also some other of
her poems. E. S. WODDERSPOON.
THE MARROW CONTROVERSY (3rd S. ii. 138.)—
There is a misprint in my Reply on " The Marrow
Controversy," i. e. " Nbtes by Hog " ought to be
" Preface by Hog." There are three principal
editions of the book entitled The Marrow of
Modern Divinity, by Edward Fisher, A.M., Oxon :
1. The original English edition, published for
the author in 1646.
2. The first Scottish edition, with preface by
James Hog, Minister of Carnock, published in
1717.
3. The standard Scottish edition, being a re-
print of the above, with the«addition of Notes by
Thomas Boston, Minister of Ettrick, published in
1726. D.C.A. A.
SONG, " JOHN PEEL" (3rd S. ii. 212.)— I have
in my possession the words of this song, and shall
be most happy to copy them for your corre?pon-
dent, if he will send his address. 11. A. GATTY.
Ecclesfield, Sheffield.
ANDREW BATES (3rd S. ii. 7.) —
" Mr. Andrew Bates, a gentleman born, came to St.
John's. He had in writing a scuffle with Dr. Gilpin
touching conformity, wherein the doctor was said to treat
him with worse manners than, were due to his birth,
which was far superior to his own. But the doctor had
the better of him, the gentleman's zeal far exceeding his
abilities." — MS. Life of Ambrose Barnes, in the Library
of the Lit. and Phil. Soc., Newcastle-on-Tyne, cited by
Mackenzie in his History of the Town.
I should doubt Bates's letter, or whatever it
was, ever having been printed or published.
Bourne, who must have remembered him, and
probably knew him personally, says of him : —
" He was a man of good sound principles and an ex-
cellent parish priest, being very diligent in his parish, in
taking care of the poor and visiting the sick." — Hist, of
Newcastle, p. 28.
E. H. A.
CURLL'S VOITURE LETTERS (3Id S. ii. 162.) —
The story given by MR. CARRTJTHERS is correctly
printed (with the exception of omitting the word
"had" after "having" in the third line, and
spelling the writer's name as Plumtre instead of
Plumptre), from a MS. note in Douce's own hand-
writing inserted in his copy of Warburton's edi-
tion of Pope's Works, now in the Bodleian. Douce
does not mention where the original letter was to
be found. He adds another quotation from an
earlier letter, as follows : —
" 'You may perhaps wonder what the Mohocks, men-
tioned in to-day's Spectator, are. They are a club of
drunken Templers who scour the streets o'nights, and
pull people by the nose, overturn coaches and chairs with
the passengers in them, and play other foolish frolicks.'
From a letter written by J. Plumptre, Member for Not-
tingham, to his wife, dated London, 11 March, 17l£. He
was one of the 7 commissioners for taking and stating the
accounts of the debt to the army, appointed 1 Sept. 1715."
W. D. MACRAY.
PICTURES OF THE EARL OF LEICESTER (3rd S. ii.
201.) — Conjectures appear to be invited as to the
picture of the " Baker's Daughter " in this strange,
but interesting, catalogue. Might I venture to
suggest the Fornarina as its possible prototype ?
Whether that famous picture of Raffaelle had so
early obtained its nick-name or not I am not at
all aware, but should be glad to be informed.
The mixture of portraits in Leicester's Gal-
lery, combining Alva, Granville, Philip, &c. with
Egmont, Hoorn, and Brederode, seems to me
very remarkable, and hardly to be accounted for.
C. W. BlNGHAM.
SHIELD'S GLEE,' " THE LOADSTARS " (3rd S. ii.
43.) — Shield's ignorant setting of a passage in the
Midsummer Nighfs Dream has been often noticed,
but particularly by Mr. Hogarth in the following
passage in his History of Music, p. 326, note : —
" This glee (' The Loadstars ') affords an amusing in-
stance of the want of attention with which composers
sometimes read their poetry. The words are from The
Midsummer Nighfs Dream : —
" . . . ' 0 happy fair,
Your eyes are load-stars, and your tongue's sweet air,
More tuneable than lark to shepherd's ear,
When wheat is green, and hawthorn buds appear.'
" Shield writes the first part of this glee upon the first
two lines, with a full close. This is sung twice over ;
then comes the second part of the glee to the two fol-
lowing lines, with a semi-close; after which the subject
is resumed, and the whole terminates with the words of
the first part, which are written as before,—
" '0 happy fair,
Your eyes are load-stars, and your tongue sweet air ! '
" To make three people, indeed, sing this pretty com-
plaint of a jealous damsel, and, ' toss the words about
from side to side,' is bad enough, though the abuse is
sanctioned (if it can;, be sanctioned) by usage. But we
do not remember any parallel to such a reading as the
above."
I am sorry to add that the Shaksperian music
of the last century abounds with bad readings,
and similar absurdities. EDWARD F. BIMBAULT.
CAROLINE BOWLES (3rd S. ii. 213.)— K. M. C.
has omitted to, notice the misapprehension of the
French writer whom he quotes, that Caroline
Bowles was " fille elle-meme de 1'aimable poe'te
Bowles," meaning of course William Lisle Bowles,
to whom the lady was not related. J. G. N.
296
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"»S.II. OCT. 11, '62.
EPIGRAM : THE JESUITS (3rJ S. i. 347, 438.) —
" Pour mettre au-detsom du Portrait d« N. S. J. C. ha-
billc an Jtiuite.
" Us ont voW mon nom, rejette mon esprit,
Persecute les miens par leur jalouse rage,
lienvernc inoa e'glise, el pour coinble d'outrage,
JU m'ont couvei t de leur habit.
" Voyez jusqn'oh va U malice
De cea Peres industrieux.
Us ont habilld Dieu comme enx,
Alhi que chticun le haisse."
Histoire de la Calotte aux E'tats Caluiins,
1752, toin. ii. p. 112.
E. N. H.
GREEK PHRASES (3rJ S. ii. 211.) — As the cross
was not a Greek punishment, it is not in Greek
that we must look for the phrases equivalent to
jBcwTafco, eupiu, Aa.u/Jai'a) -ibv ffravp&v, but it was Per-
sian, Carthaginian, and Roman ; consequently it is
to the Latin language reference must be had for
phrases such as " to ride upon the cross," " to be
borne upon the cross," " to rest upon the sharp
cross," &c. Compare Irenoeus, Against Heresies,
ii. 42 ; Justin's Dialogue with Trypho ; and Tor-
tullian, Against the Oenliles, lib. ii. ; also Against
Marcion, iii. c. 18. And as respects the expres-
sions " to mount upon the cross," " to leap upon
the cross," " to bring one upon the cross," &c.,
compare Cicero, Against Verres, v. 66, and Jose-
phus, Jewish War, vn. vi. 4.
There is, therefore, no evidence that the phrase,
although the fact was notorious, " to bear the
cross," was proverbial, out of the church, at any
time prior or subsequent to its use in the New
Testament. (See Jahn's Archceolog. Bill., a. 260 ;
Casaubon, Exercit. Antibar., xvi. s. 77 ; Lipsius,
De Cruce, ii. 5.)
The word SiicaiWis, according to the scholiast on
Thucydides, means claim, command, just demand
(i. 141, v. 17, viii. 66), and in Lysias, titulus juris
(Pro Milite, 3). The proper Hebrew word to
correspond with SjKafoxm, in the N. T. sense, is
from the root H3T, to be pure, as in the Syriac
(Rom. v. 18); the word pHV being equivalent to
SiKaioffvvri (Kinnoel on Mat. iii. 15, and Jno. xvi. 8).
The Christian idea, conforming to Jewish phrase-
ology, imparts a meaning to this word, which has
no representative in heathen Greek. j-| N
WAEDBN OF GALWAT (3rd S. ii. 146, 167.)—
The Rev. Mr. Groves, a well-known patriotic
and literary gentleman in Dublin, wrote a tragedy
under this title, founded on the celebrated history
of Walter Lynch, who was the warden or mayor
of Galway, in the early part of the seventeenth
century ; and about whose acting as the execu-
tioner of his own son, for the murder of a young
Spanish merchant, there is no historical doubt
whatever. This tragedy was produced at the
Theatre Royal, Hawkins Street, Dublin, in the
year 1831 or 1832, I forget which, and had a most
enthusiastic run, under the able management of
the then lessee, Mr. Culcraft. The drains has been
frequently repeated in Dublin and elsewhere, since
that time ; and so far as the best newspaper criti-
cism goes, the Rev. Mr. Groves has been lauded
with no sparing hand. I believe it would be
found to continue a stock play, but for the want
of persons to fill the leading characters. Some
years ago, in Galway, a house in a street leading
from the square to the bridge on the left side, was
pointed out to me as that of the Irish Drutus ; and
high up on the wall was a well-executed sculptured
death's head, &c., as commemorative of the event :
probably this memorial remains there yet. I
think it right to add this to what has already
appeared in "N. & Q." on the subject.
S. REDMOND.
Liverpool.
T. B. will find some information about this cha-
racter in Hardman's History of Qulway. I think
the house is non est, for being in the town of Gal-
wny in 1848, and wishing to see " the window," I
was informed that the house had been pulled
down some years before that time.
' GEORGE LLOTD.
SLAVERY (3rd S. ii. 114, 237.) — B. H. C. asks
my authority for speaking of the Philoxenian ver-
sion of the Syriac. My answer is that the words
quoted, being deemed apocryphal by the Syrian
churches, are not in the Peshito, and therefore I
quoted them from the Philoxenian version. Per-
haps B. H. C. is not aware that the Apocalypse is
wanting in the Peshito. Walton's is merely a
word-for-word translation, but I have given the
sense of the Greek as well as the Syriac, which is
no " blunder." If B. H. C. will refer to Winer,
he will find that the writer of the Apocalypse
often errs in grammar, — if our grammars are to be
the criteria. As to the want of the Revelation in
the Peshito, see Hug's Introd. New Test. s. Ixiv.
pp. 343, 345 (Wait), Penny Cycl xxiii. p. 478,
&c. The small typographical error in the Syriac
word for men was corrected in the proof, but
missed correction in print, by Satanic influence.
T. J. BUCKTON.
VARIODS LENGTHS OF THE PBRCH (3rd S. ii. 213.)
As no specific authority can be quoted for the va-
rying lengths of the perch or pole, I think a valid
reason may nevertheless be found from the stand-
point of Political Economy. The principle is
this : maintain prices, and to the largest customer
give the largest measure. Hence, bakers'-dozens,
long-hundreds, &c. The excess of 1$ foot for
woodland measure may partly arise from some in-
creased difficulty of exact measurement, as well as
from the greater quantity required than for an
ordinary purchase of arable or grazing land. To
the church the excess of 4k feet may be attributed
partly to that establishment not being sellers, but
3rd S. II. OCT. 11, 'G2.J
NOTES AND QUEKIES.
297
always buyers, and partly to religious motives, for
which the churchmen buyers would be able to
supply many texts. The great excess of 7| feet for
forest land, stands, I think, partly on the difficulty
of measurement, partly on uncertainty of value on
felling the timber, and partly on the largeness of
the purchase as compared with woodland.
T. J. BUCKTON.
Perch (pertica), pole, or rod, was, in com-
mon English measure, 16£ feet in length, and was
called a statute perch. But it was of different
lengths in different counties. In Staffordshire it
was 24 feet ; in the forest of Sherwood, 25 (and
in some old works fixed at 21). In Herefordshire
a perch of walling was the ordinary statute perch,
16£ feet; whilst a perch of ditching was 20 feet.
Cf. Skene, De Verborum Significatione. I think
A. A. will find this difference of the length of
measures by no means uncommon : the account-
ing for it in each case would, I imagine, be some-
what difficult, if not impossible. A foot was also
of different lengths. The Paris foot was of two
lengths : one called the royal, and another ; the
royal foot being 12 inches 8 lines. The pesforestce
equalled 18 inches : —
"Notandum est quod pes forest® usitatus tempore Ric.
Oysell, in Arrentatione Vastorum, factus est, signatus et
sculptus in pariete cancellse ecclesiae de Edwynstone, et
in ecclesiS Beatae Mariae de Nottingham : et dictus pes
continet in longitudine octodecim pollices. Ex Regist.
Abb. de Novo Loco in Com. Nott."
In France the perch varied from 18 to 27 of
their feet. JOHN BOWEN ROWLANDS.
JAPANESE IN EUROPE (3rd S. ii. 229.) — The
three Japanese princes visited the courts of Rome
and Madrid. They were very young, and had
been sent to Europe by the Jesuits for reasons too
obvious to mention. In 1585, Philip II. commis-
sioned his own magnificent carrack (the " San
Felipe") to convey them as far as Goa, on the
voyage back to their own country. They were
driven by stress of weather into Mosambique ; in
which port they found the " San Lawrence," a
large Spanish East Indiaman, little better than a
wreck. Her cargo (of fabulous value) was saved.
After landing the princes at Goa, the " San
Felipe " returned to Mosambique ; received the
contents of the disabled ship, and sailed for Lis-
bon. When off Terceira (one of the Azores), she
was captured, after a smart action, by Sir Francis
Drake ; who, after discharging her crew, carried
her and all her valuables safely into Plymouth.
There she shortly afterwards took fire, and was
totally consumed. Among other goods found on
board this magnificent prize, were several crates
of genuine china ware ("anneales," as it was then
termed) ; the first, I believe, ever brought into
this country. (For an account of the Japanese
princes' visit to Europe, see Hugen van Linscho-
ten's Discours of Voiages. fol., London, circa
1590.) 0.
DE COSTA, THE WATERLOO GUIDE (3rd S. ii. 7,
51, 108, 156, 235.) — I am sorry that it is not in my
power to inform MB. NOLDWBITT " if there are
any means of ascertaining the name of the black-
smith, fellow-inhabitant of Belle Alliance, who it
is alleged was hiding with De Costa, ten miles
away from the field, during the whole day of the
battle of Waterloo." The extract from Major
Pryse Gordon's personal memoirs, that I sent to
" N. & Q.," at p. 156, was copied from Lockhart's
Life of Sir Walter Scott ; and was sent only as it
appeared to me to be a kind of an answer to the
Query, at p. 7, of F. C. H. : " I wish to know if
this man was, after all, an impostor ?" S. T. P.
DEATH BY THE SWORD IN ENGLAND : BEVER-
LEY MONUMENT (3rd S. ii. 125, 160.)— The tablet
is on the wall of St. Mary's church,* and in the
parish register of burials are the following entries :
" 1689, Dec. 16th. Daniel Straker, a Danish trooper,
buried. — Dec. 23rd. Johannes Frederick Bellow (be-
headed for killing the other), buried."
Oliver, in his History of Beverley, 4to, 1829,
states, that some regiments of Danish soldiers had
been landed at Hull, for the service of the new
monarch (William III.), and marched to Beverley,
and that during their short stay two young men,
belonging to one of the regiments, having had a
quarrel on the passage which could not be de-
cided on board the vessel, sought the first oppor-
tunity of a private meeting to settle their differ-
ence by the sword (pp. 238, 239). There is no
doubt of the correctness of the epitaph or of the
fact which it records. BEVEBLACENSIS.
DUBLIN AND LONDON MAGAZINE (3rd S. ii. 66.)
Some weeks ago a correspondent asked who was
the editor of the above publication. The follow-
ing may satisfy him, as it is authentic. Mr. Mi-
chael James Whitty, the able editor and proprietor
of the Liverpool Daily Post, and Weekly Journal,
of this town, was the editor of that Magazine, and
one of its chief contributors. S. REDMOND.
Liverpool.
HACKNEY AND DENNET (3rd S. ii. 239.) — M. asks
whether hackney and dennet are not words de-
rived from proper names. A Dennet, like a Til-
bury, probably was named from the person who
invented this form of vehicle, or let it out to hire ;
but a hackney coach, I conceive, derived its name
from the word hackney, which meant a hired horse
for the road, and not from the parish of Hackney.
Hackney, in the sense of a hired horse, was derived
from the French haquenee. L.
MITTON CHURCH AND ROMAN CATHOLIC SEB-
VICES (3rd S. ii. 176.) — As I was not living in
1796, about which time Stonyhurst became a col-
[* Not St. John's, as stated ante, p, 125.]
298
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3*o S. II. OCT. 11, '62.
lege, and am not sufficiently near to make personal
inquiry at once, I cannot venture to say that
J. E. S. and the sexton have misunderstood each
other as to Romish services being held in the
Sherburne chapel. Such a circumstance must,
however, have caused ferment enough at the time,
and would probably have been mentioned by the
local historians, and certainly requires stronger
evidence to prove it than has yet been given. The
Sherburne chapel is an excellent specimen of the
old family chantry, so common in our ancient
parish churches, and in which the founders' de-
scendants so often bury till this day. Many such
are yet held by Roman Catholics in Lancashire,
but the only right they claim is that of burial,
and this without service, for they object to ours,
and cannot have their own. P. P.
The portion of Mitton church in Lancashire (or
rather, I believe, in the West Riding of Yorkshire),
alluded to by your correspondent, J. E. S., is the
burial chantry of the ancient Roman Catholic
family of Shireburn of Stonyhurst, and no doubt
was built by them. The only service celebrated
therein would be the burial service, and I believe
that formerly it was not at all uncommon in Lan-
cashire, through the courtesy of the clergy of the
Established Church, for Roman Catholics to be
interred with the service of their own church in
the parish churchyard, the incumbent, of course,
receiving his accustomed dues ; and I am told that
this custom still exists in some parts of that
county. I believe the last time the Shireburn
vault was used was in 1796, at the interment of
one of the Weld family, who was a student in
Stonyhurst College at the time of his death. On
this occasion it is probable that permission was re-
quested to perform the funeral according to the
rites of the Roman Catholic church, and this may
be the claim that J. E. S. says he is informed was
made.
On the extinction of the Shireburn family their
estates, passed to the Welds of Lulworth Castle,
Dorsetshire, with whom they had intermarried,
and who are now the representatives of the Shire-
burns. J. F. W.
" THE COUNTRY PARTY" (3ra S. ii. 196.)— Your
correspondent, J. DORAN, refers to the "country
party' as existing in 1676 as if it were only an- !
other term for the " landed interest" Will you
allow me to ask him what is his authority for so
doing? Burnet uniformly speaks of the "country
party " as opposed to the " court party," and as
constituting the nearest approach to what we now
call the " opposition " in the Houses of Parliament.
Its greatest strength lay in the city of London,
some of the wealthiest inhabitants of which were
not even freeholders. Its most noted leaders were
not the greatest territorial lords, and what they
professed to have in view was, not the interest of
the "rus" as opposed to the " urbs," — the agri-
cultural population rather than the commercial
and manufacturing — but the interest of " the
country," putria, in opposition to the party which
maintained the prerogatives of the crown and sup-
ported the interests of the court. J. DOBAN writes
as one who professes to be acquainted with " allu-
sions to the men and things of 1676 ;" the mistake
therefore is the more strange. I am aware that
some newspaper writers of the present day have
thought proper to give the supporters of the
agricultural interest the name of the " country
party," but that I supposed was merely a cock-
neyism. S. H. M.
Hodnet
LAMBCH'S Siw (3rd S. ii. 211.) —Dr. Temple is
not the only interpreter of Holy Scripture that
requires an interpreter of himself.
Dr. Temple has mistaken Lamech for Enos ; of
whom, according to some commentators, it is said
(Gen. iv. 26), that " he profaned in calling him-
self bylthe name of Jehovah ;" where the Autho-
rised Version reads, " then began [men] to call
upon the name of the LORD;" and our marginal
reading rather confirms the former than the latter
translation. The contrast intended by Dr. Temple
is present Atheism, and past assumption of Divine
attributes ; but he is wrong in asserting that the
latter is impossible, for it is the prerogative of
sovereigns to assume Divine attributes, and even
our Queen "can do no wrong," although Dr.
Temple knows to the contrary.
With respect to Lamech, his declaration to his
wives, which takes the poetic form, means that he,
as descendant of Cain, was to be punished for
Cain's murder of Abel by the old law of visiting
the sins of the fathers on their children unto the
third and fourth generation, and, further, that
he should be punished for his own act of murder:
therefore, if he were punished seven times for Cain's
sin, he should be punished seventy-seven times
for his own sin and Cain's together. Lamech was
in the fifth generation from Cain (see Josephus,
Antiq I. ii. 2).
Perhaps Dr. Temple may think that the last
words of this chapter, where they now imply a
charge of impiety against Enos, should be inserted
at the end of the 24th verse, so as to apply to
Lamech ; but it is scarcely necessary to say, that
there is no textual, or even conjectural criticism, to
support such a transmutation. II N
PENNY HEDGE AT WHITBY (3rd S. ii. 88, 119.)—
The custom referred to still, it seems, exists. See
the excellent Glossary of Yorkshire Words and
Phrases collected in Wkiiby and the Neighbourhood,
by an Inhabitant, 1855, pp. 127—129, where the
origin and particulars of this observance are given
in detail from Young's History of Whitby.
WM. MATTHEWS.
Cowgill.
3rd S. II. OCT. 11, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
299
CONGLETON BlBLE AND BEAR (3rd S. ii. 166.)
I send the following extracts from a MS. volume
of mine which mny interest W. W., and perhaps
some of your readers, as they mark the manners
and prices of the times : —
"1621. £ s. d.
To the Prince's Players - - - 100
To the King's and Earl of Derby's - 184
Lady Elizabeth's Players - - - 0 10 0
Mr. Redman, the Preacher of God's Word,
and Schoolmaster, his Quarter - - 500
Thorley the Reader, his Quarter - - 2 10 0
" 1622.
To Buglawton Folks, who brought a
Rush Bearing to our Chapel - - 060"
It is supposed that the tale of selling the word
of God to buy a bear arose about this time at
Congleton. There are several accounts of it, but
one of the following seems most probable. A new
Bible being wanted for the chapel, a sum of money
was laid up for that purpose ; but the town bear
happening to die at that time, and the bearward
being unable to purchase another, applied to the
corporation for assistance, who gave him the sums
set apart for buying the new Bible, and left the
minister to put up with the old one as well as he
could. Others say they only gave the bearward the
money arising from the sale of the old Bible, or
what amounts to the same, gave him the old Bible
to sell for that purpose. However it arose, the
scandalous tale was spread abroad through the
nation, that at Congleton they sold the word of
God to buy a bear.
"1623. £ *. d.
The greatest Bell cast ; cost - 10 19 3
(The Mayor, Alderman, &c., went to
make a collection for it in Buglawton.)
To the Churchwardens of Astbury for the
Poor 100
To the King's Bearward - - - 0 13 4
" 1624.
Tipping, Schoolmaster, Quarter - - 368
Calls, a Chester Musician, to play for the
Scholars when they played a play on
Shrove Tuesday - - - - 100
Luddington, Preacher, Quarter - - 500"
From the above extracts, it is plain that the
Congletonians were in those times of a " sporting
turn," and spent, relatively speaking, considerable
sums on amusements of that description. There
are other entries of sums in succeeding years paid
to the bearward and bullward, and for the cockpit
and cocks. OXONIENSIS.
The popular origin of this couplet is, that some
years ago, the clerk of Congleton having taken the
old church Bible, or had it given to him as his
perquisite, sold it to buy a bear, in order to bait
him. Mention of this incident to the Congleto-
nians will quickly ruffle their temper ; indeed, the
rhyme is now used as a taunt to the inhabitants.
W. I. S. H.
CATS AND NEMOPHLLA (3rd S. i. 426 ; ii. 118.) —
I have repeatedly been annoyed by the cats rolling
over this plant, to its almost total destruction,
whilst other small annuals in its immediate vici-
nity have been left untouched by them.
WM. MATTHEWS.
Cowgill.
"A STRANGE STORY" (3rd S. ii. 67, 118.)— Is
not this story as old as the time of Queen Eliz.
or Jas. I. ? I have a perfect recollection of having
seen it somewhere referred to one of these reigns,
and fancy the name of Bacon or Coke was mixed
up with it. WM. MATTHEWS.
Cowgill.
"THE TRIMMER" (3rd S. ii. 149.) — On a copy
of this tract, in the Advocates' Library, I find the
following note in the handwriting of Wodrow :
" By Sr Jo. Spotswood, Dec. 6, 1706."
S. HALKETT.
Advocates' Library.
HENRY FIELDING : SIR HENRY GOULD (3rd S.
ii. 146.) — Would not the admission of the latter
as a member of the Middle Temple, on the 16th
of May, 1728, give the name of his father ? S. O.
" ST. GEORGE FOR ENGLAND" (3rd S. ii. 229.) —
At the battle of Poitiers, Sept. 19, 1356, upon
the advance of the English men at arms —
" The Duke of Athens, Constable of France, was the first
to throw himself in their way : his shout of ' Mountjoy,
St. Denis,' was answered by the national cry of ' St.
George for Guienne'; and in a few minutes the Duke,
with the greater part of his followers, was slain." — Lin-
gard's History of England, vol. iv. p. 104, edit. 1823.
The same cry was used, on the part of the king,
at the battle of Shrewsbury, fought July 21, 1403,
between Henry IV. and the Percies :
"The air resounded with the adverse shouts of 'St.
George ' and ' Esperance, Percy ' ; and the archers ou
both sides discharged their arrows with the most mur-
derous effect."— Ib., p. 394.
L.
KINGUE-FAIRE (3rd S. ii. 126.) — I think it very
probable, that the " Kingue-faire " of the chroni-
cler was Nevile, Earl of Warwick, known in his-
tory as " The King-maker." But without seeing
the passage, it is not easy to establish the identi-
fication. , MELETES.
AP RHYS, OR PRICE (2nd S, x. 126.) — Your
correspondent will find, in the second volume of
the History of Brecknockshire, by Theophilus Jones,
a list of several families in the county, descended,
through Bleddin ap Maenarch (temp. Wilh. I.),
from Caradoc Vreichfras, all bearing substantially
his coat of arms. Among them occur the names
of Sir J. Price of the Priory, Brecon, with the
chevron embattled ; and Price of Fonmore. The
book is in the reading room of the British Museum,
and probably contains the pedigree of Price,
which may furnish the required information. The
300
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"« S. II. OCT. 11, 'C2.
impaled coat (S, a chevron between 3 garbs A,)
occurs in Glover's Ordinary under the name of
Felde ; and with the tinctures reversed, under
those of Blage, Blake, and (omitting the chevron)
De Mantinge. Three garbs likewise appear in
the name of Cradock, borne on a chevron.
NED ALSNBD.
NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.
The Manual of Dates : a Dictionary of Reference to all
the most Important Events in the History of Mankind to
be found in Authentic Record*. By George II. Towusead.
(Ron! ledge, Warne, & Routletlge.)
Of the value and utility of works of the character of
The Manual of Dates, if carefully and correctly executed,
there cannot be a question. To the general reader they
furnish, in a ready and convenient form, a mass of in-
formation which may be said to supply the place of
illustrative notes to books of ordinary information ; while
to the more critical reader, the severer student, they
afford the ready means of testing the accuracy of authors
or solving those doubts as to facts, which are so fre-
quently started in the mind, more especially during the
perusal of literary and historical controversies. The
value and utility of books of this class depend, however,
upon their fulness and accuracy ; and as we have taken
some pains to test both the fulness and the accuracy of
Mr. Townsend's Manual of Dates, and the result has been
most satisfactory, wo cordially recommend it as a book
of reference which may be placed with advantage upon
the library table of every reading man. He will rarely,
we think, have occasion to refer to it without finding the
information of which he is in search.
The Land's End District; its Antiquities, Natural His-
tory, Natural Plienomeni, and Scenery. Also a Brief
Memoir of Richard Trevithick, G.E. By Richard Ed-
monds, &c. IVilh a Map, Six Plates, and several Wood-
cuts. (J. Russell Smith.)
The present volume is, in a great measure, a reprint of
various contributions made by the author, who is Secre-
tary for Cornwall of the Cambrian Archaeological Asso-
ciation, to variom literary and scientific periodicals.
Those who are interested in this extreme western portion
of our island will find in Mr. Edmund's book much use-
ful information ; although the form in which it is given
is, from the circumstance we have mentioned, not so at-
tractive as it might have been made.
Reminiscences of the late Thomas Assheton Smith, Esq. ;
or, the Pursuits of an English Country Gentleman. By
Sir John E. Eardley Wilmot, Bart. New and Revised
Edition. (Routlcdge, Warne, & Routledge.)
This is a new edition, carefully revised, of a book,
which, containing as it does, an interesting notice of a
line old English gentleman of sporting tendencies, right
good feeling, and strong common sense, will be a favourite
book as long as sport is loved in England ; that is, as
long as Englishmen are Englishmen.
Ince and Gilbert's Outlines of English History. (201st
Thousand.) (Kent & Co.)
We need only say of this 20 1st thousand of these use-
ful Outlines, that the book has been thoroughly revised,
and, by improved form of printing, so enlarged as to give
an equivalent of nearly fifty pages of new matter.
PERIODICALS. — The new number (the 3rd) of The
Journal of Sacred Literature has just been issued, con-
taining many articles of considerable interest, among
which we may mention those on " Prophecy," " Krnest
Kenan," " Life and Miracles of Apollonius of Tyana,"
&c. — The Museum: a Quarterly Magazine of Educution,
Literature, and Science, in addition to its educational
papers, has two articles of general literary interest, to
which we would call attention — "American Poetry " by
Professor Nichol, and "Galileo" by Professor Kelland. —
The new number of The Intellectual Observer is as interest-
ing and varied as any of its predecessors. — In The Corn-
hill, in addition to its usual supply of pleasant reading —
and Mr. Trollope's new story is a very pleasant one —
there is an article on the " Influence of Travelling on
Health," which deserves general attention. — Eraser of the
present month is as Eraser always is, both instructive
and interesting. We are glad to see Eraser denouncing
the mingled folly and wickedness of tho so-called Spiri-
tualism.
PISHEY THOMPSON, ESQ. — The name of this topogra-
phical antiquary, and one of our oldest correspondents,
must be familiar to most of our readers; and it is with
much regret that we have to record his death in our
pages. Mr. Thompson died at his residence, 44, Church
Street, Stoke Newington on the 25th ult., aged seventy-
seven. He was born at Copledyck Hall, Freiston, in
Lincolnshire, in 1785, and was the author of The History
of Boston, 4to, 1820 ; the second edition in fol. 185G.
The last edition is well " got up," and may be regarded
as a model both of literary composition and typographic
art.
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E. M. (.Wokinghim.) We Kave omitted the description nf the prints,
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thcmt
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Good dinner Sherry ...................................... 24s. to 30s.
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Hock and Moselle .......................... 30s. 36s. 48s. 60s. „ 120s.
Sparkling Hock and Moselle ........................ 60s. 66s. „ 78s.
Fine old Sack, rare White Port, Imperial Tokay, Malmsey. Frrm-
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SONS, London, Ac., sc. ; and by Grocers and Oilmen universally.
Sold by Grocers and Confectioners.
FRY'S CHOCOLATE,
FRY'S FRENCH CHOCOLATE FOR EATING,
in Sticks, and Drops.
FRY'S CHOCOLATE CREAMS.
FRY'S FRENCH CHOCOLATE IN CAKES.
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[3»J S. II. OCT. 18, '62.
MR. MURRAY'S
AUJEMAIU.E STRKET,
Octob.r, 1862.
FORTHCOMING WORKS.
i.
A HISTORY OF GREECE. From the Earliest
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S. II. OCT. 18, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
301
LONDON, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1862.
CONTENTS. — N°. 42.
NOTES : — Manuscripts of the New Testament, 301 —
Lowndes's Bibliographer's Manual : Notes on the New
Edition, No. VI., Ib. — Corruptions into Sense, 303 — An-
trim Proverbs, 304 — The Songs of Joseph Mather, Ib.
MINOR NOTES : — Gentleman of Blood — Riddle by Charles
II. — Tennyson : Shakspcare — Bazier — Breakneck Crows
— Dr. Johnson's Epitaph on Goldsmith, 305.
QUERIES : — Quotations, References, &c., 306 — Chrisma-
tory — Pronunciation of the Word "Cucumber" — Dal-
rymple Family — English Coinage — William Freeman,
D.D. — Andrew Horn(e) — Injunctions — Local Names —
"Modern Midnight Conversations" — "The Newry Ma-
gazine"—Paley's Sermon before Pitt — Papers, Ballads,
&c. — Revocation of the Edict of Nantes — The Seasons —
Trouvaille — Virginia Herald — Wilcox Family, 307.
QUF.EIES WITET ASSWEES: — Blarney Stone — Rabbis —
Cardinal Wolsey's House at Cheshunt — John Boston —
Forthiuk — Letter of James VI. to Queen Elizabeth, 308.
REPLIES :— Rood-Screen, &c., 309— Ancient Ships, 310— The
Fairfax Family of Deeping-Gate, Ib.— Rod in the Middle
Ages, 311 — Date of Pews — Blondin — Resuscitation after
Hanging — Suggy — Painting of the Reformers — The
Wild Turkey — Dr. John Hewett — Smart's " Song to
David"— "The Gospel Shop:" Rev. Rowland Hill —
John Tweddell — Assurance Literature — The "Organs"
at Wrexham — Naval Uniform — The Graceless Florin and
the Potato Disease — Legerdemain — Buck Whalley —
Female Printers — Morgan Family — Names of the Three
Wise Men, Ac. — St. Legers of Trunkwell — Colonel
Thomas .Rainsborough — Wedderly : Edgar Family —
American Cents, &c., 312.
fltafctf.
MANUSCRIPTS OF THE NEW TESTAMENT.
It is certain that the Romans copied the Greeks
in writing; and the discovery of Pompeii showed
that the Romans possessed, A.D. 79, the cursive or
round-hand form of writing, distinct from the
square or angular, or uncial character. (C. Words-
worth, Specimens and Facsimiles of Writing,
Lond., 1838); also, the discovery in a gold mine
in Abrudbanya in Transylvania, proved that they
used a running hand A.D. 169. (J. F. Massman,
Leipz., 1841.) These facts were necessarily un-
known to Mabillon when he wrote De Re Diplo-
matica, and at his decease in 1707. On all ques-
tions of Palaeography Mabillon has been the great
authority, and succeeding writers have closely
followed his footsteps. Hence the general opinion
has prevailed that the cursive form of Greek MSS.
necessarily belongs to a period as late as the ninth
or tenth century, whilst the uncial form of such
MSS. is taken as sufficient evidence of the greater
antiquity of the latter. So far, therefore, as judg-
ment from the character of uncial or cursive goes,
we are now entitled to say that some of the cur-
sive may be as old, if not older, than some of the
uncial Greek MSS. now extant, whose antiquity
cannot be otherwise precisely determined. Al-
though my view is confirmed by a correction of Ma-
billon's error, it is not now necessary, with the new
facts before us, to occupy time and space by show-
ing how he fell into it by misapprehension of Je-
rome's Preface to Job, Plautus's Bacchides, Pliny's
Quotation of Cicero, Seneca's Epistle, Palladius's
description of the writing of Evagrius, and
Suetonius's of Caligula's. (I. xi. 47, 48.) But I
conceive it of great importance to remark, that all
critics of the New Testament, from Griesbach to
Tischendorflf, have assumed, in weighing the evi-
dence of textual authority, that the uncial are
older than the cursive. So much is this the case,
that the cursive MSS. have been almost set aside,
and Alford quotes only in his margin the uncial
MSS. To those who are not conversant with this
subject, it may be necessary to state, that the age
of few or none of the MSS. on which our received
text, and of that text as amended by biblical
critics, can be precisely determined ; all that can
be determined is, that each MS. existed certainly
prior to a determinate period ; but the exact time
or the exact order of priority in time, is unknown,
or indeterminate.
The usual method of examining or collating
these MSS. is to assort them into classes, accord-
ing to certain peculiar and favourite readings
which are found in them. Of these Griesbach
has made three classes, and Scholz (who concurs
with Bengel), two only, having amalgamated two
of Griesbach's classes into one of his own. Thus
the uncial and the cursive fall into one or other of
these classes, preference, however, being given in-
variably to the uncial over the cursive MSS. as
more ancient. But if it turn out, as above re-
marked, and as there is now every reason to
believe, that some of the cursive are as old or
older than the uncial, so important a fact must be
weighed in amending the text of the New Testa-
ment, for the cursive are by far the more numer-
ous. The rule non numerantur sed ponderantur is
still, however, to be adhered to. The slowness
with which truth advances in this country in bib-
lical criticism, and the prejudices arising from the
difficulty of forgetting, and beginning again to
learn, amongst those who are learned or wish to
be so reputed, induces me now to put this view
of a subject of vital interest on record within the
public eye. n x
LOWNDES'S BIBLIOGRAPHER'S MANUAL.
NOTES ON THE NEW EDITION.
(Continued from 3rd S. ii. p. 269.)
No. VI.
D. I. Solomon's Pest- House Re-edified, 1630.
"The Plague of 1615" should be "The Plague of
1625," and instead of Freeling, 1858, read Sir F. Freeling,
1836, No. 1058, 11. 10*.
Deliverance. A Happy Deliverance, or a Wonder-
ful Preservation &c. Lond. 1641. 4°.
The curious incident related in this tract will be found
more succinctly told in a volume published in the same
302
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. O.T. 18, 'o2.
year, being a collection of small pieces of current interest.
It forms No. 1 of the collection, and is there entitled 77i«
WonderfnU Deliverance offoure honourable Peeres of tbis
Land, which should have been poisoned at a supper by a
French Coohe.
Demands (Delectable), and Pleasant Questions,
15GG.
' This is a translation from Alain Chartier, and ought to
have been placed under CIIAKTIKIC.
Dent (Arthur, of Shoobery, Essex), Ruin of
Rome, or an Exposition of the whole Reve-
lation. Lond. 1611. 12°.
Plain Man's Pathway to Heaven.
A very popular work, of which the 21st edition ap-
peared in 1631,8°.
A Sermon of Repentance. Lond. 1636.
12°.
A Pastime for Parent?. Lond. 1637. 12°.
AH omitted : nor is the name of Dent mentioned.
Dering (Edward) Sermons.
The Discourses of this excellent and celebrated man
•were published separately, in 8vo, but were sometimes sold
us a collection with a half-title expressing The Worhetof
Sinister Dering. A copy of this description occurred at
the Tenison sale. None of the pieces in the volume had
any imprint or date. The only collected edition noticed
by I.owndes, is that of 1614, 4°. This article is not at all
satisfactory; and on some new principle of alphabetical
arrangement, Dering comes before Defoe.
• — A Sermon preached before the Queene's
Majestic, 25 Februarie, 1569. Lond. 1578.
12°.
There were earlier editions of this piece, one from the
press of Henry Denbam.
Deus et Rex. 1616.
The first edition appeared in 1615, 12°, with a frontis-
piece. See MOCKET (R.)
Deusberry (W. Quaker, of Northampton), Works.
[Lond. 1688.] 4°.
Omitted.
Devil. The Mowing Devil, or Strange News out
of Herefordshire, 1678. With frontispiece.
For Herefordshire read Hertfordshire, and for frontis-
piece read woodcut on title. This piece was published with
another (" Strange Xewes from Bexly, 1679,"), in a
somewhat condensed shape, under the title of Strange
News out of Ifartfordtliire and Kent, printed for R. G.
1679, 4°, 4 leaves.
Dialogue. A Dialogue between a Courtier and
a Scholler ; wherein several Passages of State
are briefly discussed for the further satisfac-
tion of the Common People, n. p. or d.
(oirca 1643), 4°. 4 leaves.
A Dialogue between a N"ew Courtier and
a Country Gentleman. 1712. 8°.
A Dialogue between March and October.
Lond. 1712. 8°.
A Dialogue between a Romanist and an
Englishman. Loud. 1714. 8°.
Dialogue. A Dialogue between Sir Courtly Jobber
and Tom Telltruth. Lond. 1741. 8°.
A Dialogue between the Gallows and a
Free-Thinker. Lond. 1744. 8°.
A Dialogue between a Christian Catholic
and a Roman Cutholic. Lond. 1747, 8°.
All omitted.
Dictionary. Dictionarium Latinum et Anglicum.
Camb. 1693. 4°.
Historical, Geographical, nnd Poetical
Dictionary. Lond. 1694, folio, 2 vols.
A Dictionary of all Religions, Antient
and Modern. Lond. 1704. 8°.
• • A Dictionary, German and English.
Lond. 1716. 4°.
An English Dictionarie, by Edward
Cocker. The fourth Edition. Printed on
London Bridge, 1724, 8°. Query 1st, 2nd,
and 3rd Eds.
All the preceding works remain to be added in any
future edition of the Manual to art. DICTIONARY, which
might very well have been made fuller at the expense of
art. DIBDIK. The earliest edition of Cockeram's Dic-
tionary mentioned is that of 1632 (see art. COCKUKAM);
hut the third edition of that work appeared in 1031.
That of 1655 was the tenth.
Digby (Sir Kenelm), Two Treatises on the
Nature of Bodies &c. 1645.
It is to be presumed that the edition of Paris, 1014,
folio, of which there are a few copies on large paper, is
the first, though not given here as such. There was an
edit. Lond. 1665, 4°, w.hich is not noticed.
Choice and Experimental Receipts, 1668.
An unnoticed edition, 1675, 8°.
Closet opened, 1677.
An Edit. 1669, 8°, is in the Museum.
A Late Discourse touching the cure of
wounds, 1658.
There was a French Edition of this, Paris, 16GO, 12»,
and a German one, Francfort, 1660, 8°. Neither is men-
tioned.
A Discourse concerning Infallibility in
Religion. Paris,. 1652, 4°.
On the Vegetation of Plants. Lond. 1661,
12°. The same in Latin, Amst. 1669, 12°.
Chymical Receipts, publ. by G. Hartman.
Loud. 1683. 8°.
The three last are omitted.
Digges (Thomas), England's Defence. A Treatise
Concerning Invasion. Edited and Published
by Thomas Adamson. Lond. 1680, folio.
Omitted. This was written in 1588.
Dilke (Thomas), The Lover's Luck, a Comedy.
Lond. 1696. 4°.
claimed.
- The City Lady, or Folly
Lond. 1697. 4°."
Re-
3rd S. II. OCT. 18, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
303
Dilkc (Thomas), The Pretenders, or the Town
Unmasked. Lond. 1698. 4°.
All omitted ; the name of the author is not mentioned.
Directoriurn Sacerdotum. Ordinale Sacrum sive
D. S. W. de Worde, 1504. 4°.
An Edit, by W. de Worde, 1503, 4°, is in the Pepysian.
Discourse. Help to Discourse.
This article has been split into two ; see HELP. The
edition of 1620 is in the Bodleian.
Discourse of Wolves in Lamb Skins, 1605.
This piece is by A. M , believed to be the initials of
Anthony Kfanday, and the title of the tract, which is here
given erroneously, will be found under A. M., and under
MUNDAY. This is one instance, among many, of a totally
useless occupation of valuable space.
Dixon (Robert), Canidia, or the Witches, in five
parts. Lond. 1683, 4° (not 1682—3).
The following collation of this volume, rare in a com-
plete state, is from a copy which seems remarkably per-
fect, and differs from that given in the Manual. Part 1,
45 pp. with title, prologue, and to the reader, 3 leaves. —
Part 2, 79 pp., with title and prologue, 2 leaves — Part 3,
171 pp. with title and prologue, 3 leaves. — Part 4, 64 pp.
with title and prologue, 2 leaves. — Part 5, 162 pp. with
title and prologue, 2 leaves. — " Close," Epilogue, 2 leaves. —
Appendix, 1 leaf. — The IVilch to the Reader, in two Can-
toes, 27 leaven. — I have marked the variations or omissions
by italics. There are three sets of signatures, and the
work extends to G, g, g, g, 2. The general title to the
volume also forms the title to part 1. Dixon's Canidia
is a perfect Cyclopaedia of slang ; and the author in its
pages has lashed all the vices of all ages and nations
without mercy and without delicac}'.
Doctrinal. The Doctrinal of God's Servants, a
Poem. Woodcut on title. Lond. by Johan
Butler, n. d. 4°.
Omitted. Caldecott, 1833, 41. 11s.
Donne (John), An Anatomy of the World.
The first edition was in 1611, the second, in 1612. There
was an edit. 1621.
Devotions. 1624.
Both the first and second editions of this volume ap-
peared in 1624, sm. 8°.
. Juvenilia. 1633.
There were two editions in the same year.
Letters, 1651.
There are copies on large, paper.
Double. Sir Thomas Double at Court and in
High Preferment. 1710.
Omitted. See Examiner for Sept. 28, 1710.
Doultreman (Father), True Christian Catholique,
or the Maner how to live Christianlie. Trans-
lated by J. Heigham. Sfc. Oniers, 1622, 12°.
Omitted.
Dove (The) and the Serpent ; or, Points and
Principles of Conversation and Negotiation.
Lond. 1614. 4°. Verse and prose.
Omitted. Thought by some to be Decker's. Nassau,
No. 1291. 3s. A second, or indeed possibly the same
cop}', occurred in one of Mr. Halliwell's sales, and fetched
II. 6».
Dove (John), Of Divorcement ; a Sermon preached
at Paule's Crosse the 10th May, 1601. Lond.
1601. 12°.
A Confutation of Atheism. Lond.
1605. 4°.
Both omitted.
Doy/name (George, Bishop of Derrj), An Ab-
stract, &c. 1635.
The only edition of this book I have ever seen is that
of Lond. 1620, 8°.
Downe (John), Certaine Treatises. Oxf. 1633,
4°.
Omitted.
Downing (Calypute), A Discourse of the State
Ecciesiasticall of this Kingdome in relation
to the Civill. Oxf. 1634. 4°.
ADiscoverie of the False Grounds
the Bavarian Party have laid to settle their
own Faction, and shake the peace of the Em-
pire. Considered in the case of the detei-
nure of the Prince Elector Palatine his dig-
nities and dominions. With a Discourse on
the Interest of England in that Cause. Lond.
1641. 4°.
Both omitted.
Draper (Mr.), The Dryades, or Nymphe's Pro-
phecy. Lond. 1713, folio.
Omitted.
W. CAREW HAZIJTT.
CORRUPTIONS INTO SENSE.
It is well known that words, adopted from one
language into another, are sometimes subjected
to a partial modification for the purpose of assimi-
lating them to a word of the language into which
they are admitted. The inducement for such a
change is strengthened, if the word thus imitated
has some connexion in meaning with the sense
required. The following are instances of this
species of corruption in words received into Eng-
lish from other languages : —
Artichmix, French, con verted into artichoke, Eng-
lish ; the syllable choke being applied to the por-
tion of this vegetable which is hard, and not
eatable.
Asparagus, Latin, corrupted into sparrow-grass,
By a further corruption "Battersea sparrow-
grass " has been abbreviated into " Battersea
grass."
Berfredus or belfredus, Low Latin, from bervrit,
German, a fortified tower ; whence battifredo,
Ital. ; bejfroi, Fr., and belfry, Engl., anciently
written berfrey (Halliwell in ?;.) The Italian form
alludes to battere, the English form to bells.
304
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. OCT. 18, '62.
Binocolo, Ital., linocle, Fr., whence barnacles,
Engl. Grose, in his Glossary, has the following
article : —
" Barnacles, spectacles. Borrowed from the instrument
by which a horse's nose is held when he will not stand
still to be shoed."
It seems more probable that the sense of spec-
tacles was the original one, and that the instru-
ment in question was so named from its resemblance
to spectacles.
Chaussee, Fr., from calciala, a raised road, con-
structed with cement. Hence causeway, Eng.,
originally causey ; where the syllable way alludes
to the sense required.
Chartreuse, corrupted into charter -house. See
Q. Knight's London, vol. ii. p. 113.
Giro/tee, Fr., corrupted into gillyflower; an-
ciently written girofie and gillofer. See Nares' s
Gloss, in gillofer.
Passamezzo, Ital., a dance, converted into passy-
measure. A measure formerly meant a dance.
See Nares in passy-measure and measure.
Racaille, Fr., like canaille, dregs of the people
(of uncertain etymology, see Diez in ».) Thus
explained in the Diet, de TAcad. : " La lie et le
rebut du peuple, ce qu'il y a de plus vil et de plus
incprisable dans la populace." Hence, with a
slight deflexion of meaning, the English word
rake-hell, for a man of dissolute life, and subse-
quently by euphemismus, a rake, without the
final syllable. Swift uses rakehcll; Pope uses
rake — " Every woman is at heart a rake." It is
possible that rakeheU may be corrupted from the
old English word rakel, which meant "hasty,"
41 rash " (Halliwell in ».)
Itauscfi, Germ., whence rouse for a drinking
bout : —
" The king doth wake to-night, and takes his rouse."
Hamlet, I. 4.
Other examples are given by Nares in v.
Soubresault, old Fr., whence svmerset, Engl.
See Nares in somersault.
Wholesome. This word ought properly to be
written holsome, as it is derived from to heal, and
it corresponds to the German heilsam. By a mis-
taken etymology, the first syllable has been re-
ferred to the entirety and soundness which cha-
racterises health. L.
ANTRIM PROVERBS.
As your valuable periodical is open to receive
scraps of local information, which otherwise would
never find their way into print, perhaps you can
spare a corner for some specimens of proverbial
sayings of the Antrim peasantry, which came
under my notice in a remote village on the coast
of that county. Many of them probably have
been brought from Scotland, from which country
many of the families in the north-east of Ulster
originally came. In some cases I have thought it
necessary to add a few words of explanation.
1. " A clean fast is better than a dirty breakfast."
2. " Ye may keepy're dry rubs for your watery p'raturs
("potatoes)."
3. " Best shane (soon) as syne (late)."
4. " Keep your hurry in your fist."
6. " Your a big man, but a wee coat fits you."
G. " Dont scad (scald) your tongue in other folk's
broth."
7. '^Marriage comes unawares, like a soot-drop," /. <•.
* an allusion to the rain finding its way through the
thatch, blackened by the smoke of the peat fires.
8. " Better loping (full of high spirits) than lifting "
(»'. e. removing a coffin).
9. " She gars me a look that would spen (wean) a foal."
10. " A cow in a clout is soon out," i. e. the price of a
cow wrapped, as is usual, in a rag, is easily lost or
spent
11. "A fool of forty will never be wise."
12. " Your like Dan's boys — too hot and too full, and too
many clothes on." (Spoken of a discontented
person.)
13. " A raggetty colt makes a good horse."
14. " The wicked one is aye kind to his ain."
15 When work is finished, the last stroke is apostro-
phised : " That's what the shoemaker hit his wife
with."
16. Of a stupid person: "She sees none till far in the
day, and then she sees none at all."
17. " They're walking and talking like hens in harvest."
18. Of an unpopular individual: " There will be many a
dry cheek after him."
19. " It takes your eye like a new tin under a dresser."
20. " As small as a hap'orth of soap on a Saturday right."
21. " The longest road 's aye the shortest."
22. " Let everj- herring hang by its own tail." (An
allusion to the drying of the fish.)
23. Of a lazy and greedy servant : —
" First to sit down and last to rise,
Easy to loose and hard to yoke."
24. Of a thick-skinned person : " He takes all affronts as
compliments."
25. " He doats on his midden (rubbish heap at the cabin
door), and thinks it the moon."
26. " As narrow in the nose as a pig at ninepence."
(Spoken of a stingy person.)
27. " Ye're early with yere orders, as the Bride said at
the church door."
28. " As light on his foot as a rag-man."
29. Of an envious person : " He could drown you in a
spoonful of water."
30. " He coughed till a twine-thread could have tied
him."
J. W. HABDMAN.
THE SONGS OF JOSEPH MATHER.
A friend of mine has been kind enough to for-
ward me a copy of a book with the above title,
printed in Sheffield ; for private circulation as I
should think, as it bears a printer's but no pub-
lisher's name. On glancing over it, it occurred to
me that it would not be uninteresting to your
readers to be made acquainted with the man,
Joseph Mather, who seems at one time to have been
a celebrity in Sheffield. A collection of his songs
3rd S. II. OCT. 18, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
305
sold at the sale of Hunter, the historian of Hal-
larashire, for a very large sum ; and they have
been thought worthy, in the present generation, of
republication. Many of the songs are even now
familiar to the people of that locality. They are
mostly satirical, and on subjects belonging to the
time in which he lived. They appear to have
exercised a great influence over the working
classes. They are strangely illustrative of the
state of mind and condition of things among the
people of that period.
The songs are prefaced by a Memoir written by
the editor, Mr. John Wilson. And in that Me-
moir it is said, that Mather was born in 1737 ;
and it is supposed that " in early life he belonged
to the Methodists." Mather was a great favourite
with the grinders who worked at Park Wheel ;
and he was often induced by them to quit his
work, " and go to the public-houses frequented by
the employers of labour, or other persons deemed
obnoxious, and in their presence to sing his sati-
rical productions. It, therefore, often happened
that not only Mondays were spent as Saint- day st
but many other days of the week."
" As it was necessary to take home something on
Saturday night, if Mather's employer refused to ' tip up '
for ' sour?,' our author used to ' raise the wind ' by vend-
ing his songs in the streets ; seated on the back of a
grinder's donkey, or on the back of Ben Sharp's Bull.
Should it chance to begin raining, he would ride into the
nearest alehouse ; and apologise for his rudeness, by de-
claring that the rain would rust his hardware."
The Memoir, as well as the Introduction, gives
much insight into the habits of the workpeople of
that town during the last century. The editor
says : —
" There can be little doubt that the tone of morals was
low at that time; and many things deemed highly cul-
pable now would have been considered venial at the
close of the last century. Mather was frequently seen
among the recruiting parties, that were so numerous
after the breaking out of the French War. His singing
attracted numbers to the rendezvous, who, under the in-
fluence of drink and excitement, accepted the recruiting-
sergeant's shilling, ' to serve their King and country.'
Mather was an attendant at the races and fairs of the
neighbourhood."
The causes of his popularity among a rough,
but quick-witted working class — writing his songs
in their own language, and singing them in their
own manner — are apparent on reading his pro-
ductions. He shared their prejudices, and pan-
dered to their errors. His satire was levelled
against those they disliked. He was most un-
scrupulous in his attacks upon private character ;
and there was a rude power about him which
made these attacks just as obnoxious to the sub-
jects of his satire as they were acceptable to the
audience among whom Mather launched his dia-
tribes.
Mather died in 1804. His last years were em-
bittered by sickness and poverty, and he had to
resort to the parish. There is much in the volume,
especially in the notes, which will be instructive
to those who seek for information as to the man-
ners, &c., of the last age. The songs are mostly
of a local character, and full of personal allusions,
so that they scarcely admit of quotation. T. B.
iHtitor
GENTLEMAN OF BLOOD. — Selden, in his Table
Talk, makes the observation that neither God Al-
mighty nor the king could make a gentleman of •
blood ; and when tlie nurse of James I. begged
him to make her son a gentleman, " My good
woman," said he, " a gentleman I could never make
him, though I could make him a lord." The Em-
peror Charles V., however, was of a different
opinion, for, in the patent of nobility conferred
by him on George Sabin, he declared him a knight,
and noble of four degrees, both on father's and mo-
ther's side ! J. WOODWABD.
RIDDLE BY CHARLES II. — The following riddle
occurs in Tom Hearne's MS. Collections, 1706,
vol. xi. : —
" What's that in the Fire, and not in the Flame?
What's that in the Master, and not in the Dame ?
What's that in the Courtier, and not in the Clown ?
What's that in the Countrv, and not in the Town?"
63° R.
TENNYSON : SHAKSPEARE. —
"And in thy bowers of Camelot, or of Usk,
Thy shadow still would glide from room to room,
And I should evermore be vext with thee
In hanging robe, or vacant ornament,
Or ghostly footfall echoing on the stair."
Idylls of the King, Guinevere.
" Grief fills the room up of my absent child,
Lies in his bed, walks up and down with me ;
Puts on his pretty looks, repeats his words,
Remembers me of all his gracious parts,
Stuffs out his vacant garments with his form."
King John, III. 4.
Compare JEschylus, Agamemnon, 404, et seq.
C.
BAZIER. — In Chambers' Booh of Days, p. 547,
in one of the Swinton May songs, occurs the fol-
lowing refrain at the end of each verse : —
" And the baziers are sweet in the morning of Majr."
Sazier appears to be the Lancashire name for
the auricula flower. In a note, the editor has the
following query : " Can its Lancashire name, say
base-ear (i. e. low ear), have any relation to the
name auricula ? (q. d. little ear)."
It seems more probable that Bazier was ori-
ginally Bear's ear, the usual name of the auricula
in the eastern counties ; certainly a very coarse
name for a very beautiful flower, but founded, no
doubt, upon the resemblance of the leaf to an ear,
which gave occasion to the botanical name of au-
ricula. F. C. H.
306
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"> S. II. OCT. 18, '62.
BREAKNKCK CROWS. — "I know'd it would
rain ! " said an old Huntingdonshire rustic to me,
the other day ; " for not only was my cat eating
grass, but I SAW the breakneck crows." I note
this piece of folk lore for the sake of the (to me)
unusual expression, " breakneck crows," which
my informant thus explained: — The crows fly
high, ami then " tumble down'ards, head over
heels." When you see them doing that, it will
rain within twenty-four hours.
CUTIIBERT I'l.i-i-:.
DR. JOHNSON'S EPITAPH ON GOLDSMITH. — The
" Nullum tetigit quod nnn ornavit," in Dr. John-
son's Epitaph on Goldsmith, is perhaps more re-
markable for its "curiosa felicitas verborum,"
than for any originality in the thought expressed.
There is a striking coincidence, however, between
the idea and a remark of Lord Chesterfield in one
of his Letters to his Son ; in which, speaking of
Lord Bolingbroke, he says : " Whatever subject
he either speaks or writes upon, he adorns it with
the most splendid eloquence." (See his Letters,
vol. ii. p. 289.)
As those Letters were not published until some-
time after Goldsmith's death, and if I mistake not
in the year 1775, it seems quite certain that
Johnson could not have been indebted to the
Earl, either for the thought or the language.
H.N.
New York.
titatrfetf.
QUOTATIONS, REFERENCES, ETC.
It will much oblige me if any readers of
*' N. & Q." will kindly favour me with references
for more, or fewer, of the following anonymous
quotations in an old divine being prepared for the
press : —
1. Lux gloria creationis, tencbrtz sunt opprobria.
2. fides est spiritualty oculus.
3. Christus till crucijixus est, cum credls in Christum
crucijixum.
4. It was a good prayer of a holy martyr that " God
would shine on him in the face of Jesus Christ." [Who?]
5. The very heathen could say, " Likeness to God and
communion with God, is the foundation of happiness."
0. Liberatio a summo mail, sum mi boni liabet rationem.
7. Da/i'it regnum et non dabit viaticum.
8. Judices terra; terram judlcant.
9. It [the Bible] is no leaden dagger, as the Papists
blasphemously term it. [Authority?]
10. Ao/o hanc yratiam. I will not this grace, saith
one of the Ancients, that leaveth the will to be flexible
and at liberty? [Who? And where?]
11. Therefore, as they say very well, he worketh tva-
r.'ter ct fortiter : snaviter by entreaty, agreeable to the
nature of man ; and furtiter, powerfully.
12. Diini jubet jutat, where God corumandeth he
hclpeth.
1-J. Loquitur J)eus ad modum nostrum, ag!t ad nutdum
mum. God speaketh according to our measure, .worketh
according to His own.
14. And therefore it is true that is usually spoken.
That where God will defend a city and country, a cob-
web may be the walls thereof; but where God will not
defend a city or country, a wall is but a cobweb. [Any
reference for this saying?]
13. That is no matter, Mille malt ttptcies, tiiille salutis
erunt: If a thousand waj-s of trouble, there will bo a
thousand ways of deliverance.
10. As he saitb, It is a kingly thing to suffer evil, &c.
[Who?]
17. As one saith : I would pray but my prayers are in
vain.
18. The presence of Christ, as he said, made the grid-
iron sweet unto Lawrence. [Any reference?]
19. Verpertiliones in fide, as he calls them : bats that
will neither be amongst the birds or other creatures.
[Who?]
20. As be said [with reference to a listless speaker] :
If thou didst believe these things, wouldst thou speak
so of them ?
21. We must not think to come de scelo in caelum as he
saith, out of the tilth of sin to heaven : but heaven must
be begun here.
Having failed to trace the following fragmen-
tary quotations — all very loose I suspect — I
venture to ask the kind and usually unfailing
help of my fellow-readers and contributors to
" N. & Q. : " —
Ambrose.
1. Therefore Ambrose calleth it, lux prlma gratia mundi.
2. Therefore St. Ambrose saith well, Chrutus umbra
in Ltge, imago in Evangelio, reritas in C<elo.
Augustine.
3. He is the first fruits of God's predestination, as Aus-
tine saith [of Christ].
4. As Austin saith well, Respire terram, §-c.
5. The Fishermen cast their great nets into the great
world, as Austin saith, and get in whole nations.
G. As Augustine saith well, 1'olentem hominem talcum
fucere : when God will save a man, no stubbornness of his
will shall withstand, &c.
7. St. Austin saith well, Though we live well in times
of peace, j-et avdi, audi mi f rater, begin to live as a Chris-
tian should live, and see if you be not persecuted : you
shall find Babylon in Jerusalem.
8. Comforts are not found in adversity, that are not
sought for in prosperity, as Austin saith.
9. St. Austin saith, by straits and afflictions, the
Church hath been delivered and spread abroad to the
uttermost parts of the world.
Basil.
10. You know there was a primitive light, lux jirimo-
genita, as Basil calls it.
Chrysostom.
11. The disposition both of speakers and hearer*, saith
Chrysostom, makes this work [of preaching] difficult
&c,
Laclantius.
12. As Lactantius saith well, AH morality without
piety is as a goodly statue without a head.
Luther.
13. Luther was wont to say, If he were to choose his
calling, he would dig with his hands rather than be a
minister.
Phih.
14. It was the speech of Philo, A man's help faileth
where God begins.
^ S. II. OCT. 18, '62.]
KOTES AND QUERIES.
307
Hilary.
15. As Hilary saul in a time of schism, it requireth a
great deal of wit to be a Christian.
Cyprian.
16. As Cyprian saith, Consecra habilacufitm, &.C.. enter
into thy bed-chamber, consecrate a habitation for thyself.
r.
CHRISMATORY. — The chrismatory, when com-
plete, consisted of three phials or divisions ; one
containing the oil used in the sacrament of ex-
treme unction, one the chrism or oil used in bap-
tism. Query, what was contained in the third ?
M. C.
PRONUNCIATION OF THE WORD "CUCUMBER." —
I am told, on excellent authority, that fifty years
ago the fashionable pronunciation of the above
word was cou'cuinber, and that thejpresent sound
cucumber was confined to the lower classes. I
want to know, then, whether, if this be true, the
word was then spelt as pronounced, just as apricot
was once spelt apr'icock ; and, in short, any changes
that can be traced in the spelling and sounding of
the word. Many words are now accented by the
uneducated only, as they once were by all classes,
for instance theatre ; but I can recall no case of
verbal corruption among educated people so re-
markable as the one on which I now invite infor-
mation in " N. & Q." ALFRED AINGER.
DALRYMPLE FAMILY. — I am anxious to trace
some descendants of the first Lord Stair, who
seem to have settled in Yorkshire. The peerage
writers mention a granddaughter, " Magdalen,"
who dies at Knaresborough, s. p. 1763. I am in-
clined to belieye that she was married, I also find
a "Thomas Dairy mple," and a "John Dairy mple,"
who appear at Knaresborough about 1700. Who
were they ? 2. ©.
ENGLISH COINAGE. — When did the custom of
turning the effigy of succeeding sovereigns to the
right and left alternately begin ; and has it any
heraldic significance ? U. O. N.
WILLIAM FREEMAN, D.D. — Henry" Brougham,
Esq. grandfather of the ex-chancellor, married
Mary, daughter of Wm. Freeman, D.D. She died
at Carlisle in 1807, aged ninety-three years. Can
any of your correspondents give any information
respecting William Freeman, D.D., his place of
abode, or the name of his wife ? Was Miss Free-
man the only wife of Mr. Brougham and mother
of his children, or had he been previously mar-
ried ? E. H. A.
ANDREW HORN(E.) — Of this famous compiler
of the Mirror of Justices I have nothing to say,
except that I wish people would not give their
sons the Christian names which have become cele-
brated in connexion with their surnames. There
ought to be no more Isaac Newtons nor David
Humes. Not that there would be any mistake
between the new and the old, but because hun-
dreds can play at the game, and if two contem-
porary Isaac Newtons were to gain celebrity,
there would certainly be confusion. There is
Andrew Home, who wrote optical papers (1813-
1818, circa)', and Andrew Horn, who published
The Insufficiency of Reason and the Necessity of
Revelation, London, 1820, 12mo. The second I
take from a title-page, the first from mentions,
the spelling of which may be wrong. Are these
the^names of two different persons ?
A. DE MORGAN.
INJUNCTIONS. • — There are three sets of injunc-
tions printed in Burnet's Records, vol. iii. pp.
135-147, which appear to have been printed in
1538. They were issued respectively by Lee,
Archbishop of York, Lee, Bishop of Coventry
and Lichfield, and Shaxton, Bishop of Salisbury ;
and no doubt are like all the other documents
printed by this author full of errors. No copies
of the originals exist in the Museum, or Bodleian,
or Public Library at Cambridge : neither do they
appear in the registers of these bishops, where they
ought to be. Perhaps some of your learned cor-
respondents may be able to say whether any copy
exists. It is scarcely likely they should not have
been printed, as they are mentioned in books of
bibliography. NICHOLAS POCOCK.
Clifton.
LOCAL NAMES. — I shall be very much obliged
to any gentlemen who will favour me with the
etymologies of the following proper names : Tir-
wick, Suffolk, Terling, Essex, Amphlete, Sussex?
JAMES KNOWLES.
. " MODERN MIDNIGHT CONVERSATIONS." — Who
is the author? It was published in London, 1774.
R. I.
" THE NEWRY MAGAZINE." — Who was the
editor of The Neusry Magazine, which supplies a
large amount of useful information, and of which
four 8vo volumes appeared (1815-18) ? ABHBA.
PALEY'S SERMON BEFORE PITT. — When the
youthful premier was at Cambridge, Paley was
selected to preach before him ; and, it said, his
text was, " There is a lad here which hath five
barley loaves, and two small fishes ; but what are
they among so many." This is stated on the au-
thority of the amusing little work, Facetia> Cantab.,
and is repeated in Preachers and Preaching, by
the Rev. H. Christmas. In the former we may
class it asfacetia, but in the latter it is printed as
a fact. Now, at Hone's second trial before Lord
Ellenborough, " for publishing a parody with an
alleged intent to ridicule the Litany," on the 19th
Dec. 1817, Hone quotes this anecdote as a case in
point, but with a small and important addition to
308
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"i S. II. Cvr. 18, '62.
the text ; viz. " What are they among so many of
?«."
Lord Ellenborough stoutly denied that such a
sermon had been preached, but subsequently
qualified it by saying —
"' You are confounding two things; there was no such
sermon preached. You have heard some story, and that
has misled you.'
" Mr. Hone. — The anecdote misled me. Your Lord-
ship must have heard it talked of.
" Lord Ellenborough. — There was some such anec-
dote, and I am sorry for it ; bat there was no sermon
preached."
Now, as Paley was tutor to Lord Ellenborough,
it is likely his Lordship knew the facts, but what
does he mean by " You are confounding two
things? " What are the two things, and what the
correct reading of the affair ? GEORGE LLOYD.
PAPERS, BALLADS, ETC. — Are there any papers,
ballads, or records in existence which bear on the
Glamorganshire elections in 1791, when Mr.
Wyndhain opposed Captain Windsor?
MORGANWG.
REVOCATION OF THE EDICT OP NANTES. — The
number of families driven from France by this
revocation is stated as high as 50,000. Is it
known, and what sources of knowledge are there,
what were the names of these families, what their
place of refuge, what their subsequent history ?
Such an exodus is unparalleled, but little seems to
be known of its details. F. H. J.
THE SEASONS. — In reference to the harvest,
The Times remarks, that a cold and wet summer
has been succeeded by a warm and dry autumn.
It was then the middle of September, and the
autumn quarter had not begun. A difference
exists between the popular and astronomical ideas
of the seasons, occasioned probably by the 24th
of June, being described in the almanacs as Mid-
summer Day. Whence did this misnomer arise ?
STYLITES.
TROUVAILLE. — Is it not true that there is no
word in English to represent the Greek etfynj/zo,
and the French trouvaille ? Are the other lan-
guages of modern Europe and the Latin any
better off in this respect than our own ? C.
VIRGINIA HERALD. — When was this office in-
stituted? Any further particulars will be accept-
able. An allusion was made to it recently in one
of the leaders in The Daily Telegraph.
J. WOODWARD.
WILCOX FAMILY. — Wanted, information re-
specting the family of Wilcox, or (as I have been
given to understand they were sometimes styled,)
Prior-Wilcox, of Warwickshire ? They were evi-
dently residing there in the early part of this
century, but at what spot I have been unable to
ascertain. OMICHON.
Ouerterf fantl)
BLARNEY STONE. — Can any of your Irish readers
give us information of the origin of the " Blarney
Stone's " peculiar virtues and attributes ? A. L.
[To Crofton Ooker belongs the merit of elucidating
this obscure tradition. It appears that in 1002, when
the Spaniards were exciting our chieftains to harass the
English authorities, Cormac M'Dermot Carthy held.
among other dependencies, the Cattle of Blarney, an<!
had concluded an armistice with the Lord-PrwUaat« on
condition of surrendering this fort to an English garrison.
Day after day did his lordship look for the fulfilment of
the compact ; while the Irish Pozzo di Borgo, as loath
to part with his stronghold as Russia to relinquish the
Dardanelles, kept protocolising with soft promises and
delusive delays, until at lastCarew became the laughing-
stock of Elizabeth's ministers, and Blnmey talk prover-
bial. (Retlques of Father front, ed. I860, p. 35.)
A popular tradition attributes to the Blarney) Stone
the power of endowing whoever kisses it with the sweet,
persuasive, wheedling eloquence, so perceptible in the lan-
guage of the Cork people, and which is generally termed
Blarney. This is the true meaning of the word, and not,
as some writers have supposed, a faculty of deviating
from veracity with an unblushing countenance whenever
it maybe convenient. (J. S. Coyne.) The curious tra-
veller will seek in vain the real stone, unless he allows
himself to be lowered from the northern angle of the lofty
Castle, when he will discover it about twenty feet from
the top, with the inscription —
CORMACK MAC CARTHY FORTIS
HE FIERI FECIT. A.D. 144G.
As the kissing of this would be somewhat difficult, the
candidate for Blarney honours will be glad to know that
at the summit, and within easy access, is another real
stone, bearing the date 1703. A song published in the
Rfliquet of Father Prout contains an allusion to this mar-
vellous relic : —
" There is a stone there,
That whoever kisses,
Oh ! he never misses
To grow eloquent
'Tis he may clamber
To a ladj-'s chamber
Or become a member
Of Parliament.
" A clever spouter
He'll sure turn out, or
An out and outer,
' To be let alone ! '
Don't hope to hinder him
Or to bewilder him,
Sure he's a pilgrim
From the Blarney Stone."
Vide Black's Picturesque Tourist of Ireland, p. 152, edit.
1857, and Cork, Quetnstoicn, and Blarney, 12mo, 1852.
An admirable description of Blarney Castle from the gra-
phic pen of T. Crofton Croker is given in his Researches
in the South of Ireland, 4tO, 1824.]
RADIUS. — What are the position and duties of
the Rabbis among the modern Jews ? Can any
Jew attain to the office, or is it restricted to a par-
ticular family ? M. J. W.
[The term Rabbi has a general as well as a strict sig-
nincatior. and we have known it applied by Jews even to
learned men who were not of their nation, if well up in
Jewish literature. In the strict sense of the word the
II. OCT. 18, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
309
Rabbis are the Jewish clergy, having a " Chief Rabbi " at
their head. The Chief Rabbi not only preaches occa-
sionally, but performs the rite of circumcision, celebrates
marriages (between parties of the Jewish persuasion),
sanctions the appointment of ministers to particular sy-
nagogues, keeps an eye upon Jewish salesmen to see that
they sell such meat only as a Jew may lawfully eat, and
authoritatively adjudicates on disputes between Jews.
We believe that no one family of Jews is exclusively
eligible to the office, and that the chief care of the commu-
nity is to select from their own number a man eminent
for learning and of good repute.]
CARDINAL WOLSEY'S HOUSE AT CHESHUNT. —
Can any one tell me if the cardinal had a resid-
ence at Cheshunt ? There are the remains of a
mansion which goes by his name at Cheshunt, where
are certain dungeons, which his political enemies
are said to have inhabited. NOTSA.
[Clutterbuck, in his History of Hertfordshire, \\. 99,
states in a note, that "one site of the manor of Half
Mote, surrounded by a moat, upon which there is no re-
mains of a manor-house, is situated south of Goff's Lane,
the other lies on the north side of the same lane, in a
park of forty-four acres, upon which stands the present
manor-house, called Cheshunt House. The hall, which
is spacious and lofty, and well calculated for the enter-
tainment of a numerous tenantry, is probably coeval with
the house, said to have been erected, in a quadrangular
form, in the reign of Henry VIII., and to have been the
residence of Cardinal Wolsey, to whom the manor be-
longed during the reign of that king." Consult also The
Illustrated London News, Nov. 8, 1856, p. 484.]
JOHN BOSTON. — Any information about John
Boston and his Catalogue of Monastic Libraries,
will be acceptable to the Querist. A. B. C.
[John Boston was a monk of St. Edmunds Bury, and
is thought to have died in 1410. He wrote a Catalogue
of the principal manuscripts contained in our universities
and monasteries, with some account of the lives of the
•authors. According to Bale and Pits it was entitled
Catalogus Scriptorum Ecclesias. Archbishop Ussher had
the most curious MS. copy of this book, which after-
wards came into the possession of Dr. Thomas Gale,
who (according to Oldys) intended to publish it. In
fact, Oldys further states, that towards the end of the
reign of William III. there appeared an advertisement
announcing a speedy publication of Boston's work. It
was, however, never published as a separate work. The
best portion of this Catalogue has since been printed by
David Wilkins in the Preface to Tanner's Bibliotheca
Britannico-tfibernica, pp. xvii. to xlii., fol. 1748. In the
Lambeth library (Cod. MSS. Wharton, 594, p. 40). are
"Excerpta ex Libro Bostoni Buriensis de Scriptoribus
Ecclesiasticis." Boston wrote also, Speculum Ccenobita-
rum, in which he gives the origin and progress of mona-
chisin. This was printed at Oxford in 1722, 8vo, by Hall,
at the end of Triveti Annalium Continuatio.]
FORTHINK. — As a friend of mine was leaving a
cottage in this neighbourhood, at which he had
occasion to call, the good woman of the house
said to him, "I hope you dunna fortliink com-
ing." On his looking puzzled and inquiringly at
her, she repeated her words again, laying a
stronger emphasis on the vfordforthink, as though
she thought the meaning of what she had said
plain enough, but concluded that he had not
heard her. On a moment's reflection, he saw that
she meant " I hope you do not regret coming."
Perhaps some of your readers will be able to s°ay
whether this word is still in use in other parts of
the country, and whether it occurs at all in the
writings of any author. If it was at any period
in general use, it is to be regretted that it ever
parted company with forbid, forgive, forget^ and a
few others of like formation. F. H. BRETT.
Carsington Rectory, Derbyshire.
[" FOKTIIINEL: to repent," will be found in Nares's
Glossary, with the following quotations : —
" Therfore of it be not to bolde,
Lest tho\i for think it when thou art olde."
Interlude of Youth.
So used by Spenser also : —
"And makes exceeding mone, when he does thinke
That all this land unto his foe shall fall,
For which he long in vaine did sweat and swinke,
That now the same he greatly doth fortfrinke."
Faerie Queen, vi. iv. 32.]
LETTER OF JAMES VI. TO QUEEN ELIZABETH.
At the time when the Spanish Armada was daily
expected in the English Channel, King James
addressed a letter to the Queen, in which he not
only assured her of his devotion, but concluded
by intimating that their political interests were
identical, and that he, in the event of the discom-
fiture of the English, would be afterwards " eaten
up." A reference to this letter will greatly oblige
S. M. M.
[In the valuable collection of Letters of Queen Elizabeth
and King James VI. of Scotland, edited by Mr. Bruce for
the Camden Society, our correspondent will find, at p. 51,
the letter which James wrote to Elizabeth on the 1st of
August, 1588, on the approach of the Armada; in which
he expresses his anxiety to be employed in the defence
of England, that the Queen's " adversaries may have ado
not with England, but with the whole ile of Bretayne."
But it contains no such passage as that quoted by our
correspondent]
ROOD-SCREEN, ETC.
(3rd S. ii. 126, 177,233.)
A fine large remnant of an oak wood rood-
screen, with dismantled loft, and narrow stone
staircase from the north wall, to lead via the loft
to south side of chancel — with elaborately co-
loured work on the carving, much disfigured, but
in remarkable preservation — is in the old church
at Southwold, dedicated to Saint Edmund the
Martyr, to whom it is inscribed in prayer (" S'te
Edmund, ora p. nobis,") over the west entrance.
It was for years well cared for by the Rev. -
Birch, father of him whom the Queen delighted
to honour as her children's tutor, and is now un-
dergoing seasonable and judicious repairs. Nor
does any injurious Vandalism or injudicious va-
nity seem to threaten its ancient features.
310
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. OCT. 18, '62.
Besides higher influences in its favour, the
parish clerk being — not a very usual case — him-
self of architectural, or at least of technical talent,
watches its treatment (alike by workmen and
visitors) with wholesome jealousy and interest.
The place is well worthy of a summer day's
visit. S. C. FBEEMAN.
Adelaide House, Highbury New Park, N.
The readers of " N. & Q." all round the world
must not take up the notion, that all the fine old
screens are in East Anglia.
Devcn rejoices in the remains of many, some
still {"lowing with gold and colour, &c. ; and with
pictures of the saints in the basement panels, and
fan tracery at the summit on either side — all
finished off' with Tudor brattishings. Some too
there are, left in the plain oak, as clean as it came
from the carver.
At Bradninch and Cullompton, there are glori-
ous specimens, about fifty feet wide, with fifty- two
pictures of saints, extending across the three aisles.
At Cullompton there is what is called the Galilee,
though now laid aside in the western porch:
massive carvings, representing skulls and bones.
This originally was the basement of the roods,
and was on the top of the screen : the mortices,
into which the crosses were fitted, may still be
seen.
Fine specimens are figured in the 2nd volume
of the Transactions of the Exeter Architectural
Society, with the rich details of the cornice
carvings. Though the Devon screens are not
stereotyped, like modern work, the very same
mind is observable in all, and all seem to have
been turned out from the same shop. How is
that to be accounted for ?
H. T. ELLACOMBE, M.A.
Flamborough Church, in Yorkshire, contains a
very fine one. P. P.
ANCIENT SHIPS.
(3rd S. ii. 67, 134.)
On referring to Jal (Glossaire Nautique, Par.
1848), I find 1 am confirmed in my suggestion as
to the meaning and origin of the word Balingeres.
Jal says : —
" Baleinier, Balennier, Ballenier, vicux fr. (variantes
da nom d'un navire qui, dans les documents latins du
moyen age, eat appcle' Balaneria, Balanerivm, Balenei-ium,
linfifiiierius, Balingaria, Balingarius, Balingera; qu'on
voit nomine Ballenjer, Ballenger, Balenghii-re (we/), et
Bitiencr, dans le.3 divers manuscrits des Chrnniuues do
FroUsard, et dans FOffics dcs Heraults; que la Ballade of
impossibilities nomrac Ballinger; quo 1'autcur florentin du
livre des Navigat. de Vasco de Gama nppelle Balioner ;
que Quirino nomme Balingerio; enfm, que les ecrivains
espaguols ont nonime' Baltner ou Balltner."
In relation to this craft, Froissart (liv. iii. chap.
103, edit, de Buchon), says : —
" Si menoient on leur arnu'e" (the English in 1388),
" vaisseaux que on appelle Baleiniers courseurs, qui fron-
tioient sur la mer, et voloicnt dovant pour trouver les
adventures, ainsi que par terre aucuns chevaliers et
c«uyers montent sur fleur de coursiers, volent devant les
batailles, et chevaucuent, pour d&ouvrir les embuches."
And at chap. cxii. : —
" Et avoient en leur arme'e vaisseaux qu'on dit Balle-
niers, qu'escuraeurs de mer par coutumeont volontiers, et
qui approchent les terres de plus pres que les autres vais-
seaux ne font."
Referring to the above passages from Froissart,
Jal says : —
" De ces deux passages il resulte quo le Baleinier etalt
un batiment le'gcr, propre'fc la course, dont les e'cumeurs
de mer faisaient souvent usage, et qui entrait comme
navire de clccouvertes dans la composition des armies
navalcs au xiv« siecle. line phrase cxtraite par Carpen-
tierdes Lettres des remission dat&s de 1412, nous montre
qu'au commencement du XV" siecle le Baleinier e'tait
encore au nombre des navires armcs poor la piraterie :
' Lesquelx ont mene le suppliant avec eulx en uu Balei-
nier en escumerie sur la mer.' Au milieu du nieoio
siccle, le Baleinier etait, comme quarante ana aupara-
vanf, un batiment le'ser, arme" par les corsaires; des
Lettres des remission, dat&s de 1455, et citees aussi par
D. Carpentier, disent: ' Comme Robert Du Quesnay, es-
cuier, east fait] e'quiper et mettre sur la mer un Balle-
nier.' ..... . De tous les renseignements que
nous avons pu rccueillir, il re'sulte evidemment que le
Baleinier fut, aux XI V« et XV» siecles, un petit navire
fait pour la course. Quelques mots de Thomas Wulsing-
ham nous portent a croire qu'il e'tait leger et rapide."
After referring to the etymology given in Du
Cange, adopted by Capmany, &c., Jal continues: —
" Selon nous, batlinia ou /3«C«x«» (a cradle), malgre" les
ressemblanccs apparentes, n'ont aucun rapport avec Ba-
leinier, Ballenjer, Balingariui ; -et balena, ou 9*X«/»«, nous
scmble I'eVmolog'6 veritable du nom d'un navire qui,
d'abord, barque servant a poursuivre la baleine sur la
cote ou a la harponner au large, ou vaisseau le'ger, effil^,
rapide comme la baleine h ailerons, ou bien encore navire
a}-nnt a son avant nne figure de baleine, et continuant,
jusqu'a un certain point, la Prislis antique, fut cnsuite
un batiment de course et un aviso dans les flottes du
moyen ftge."
Again lie renders Baleinier : —
" Fr. bas-bret (Du lat. Balaana ; Gr. *«>-«»«), (Sous-
entendu : Navire.) (Ttal. Balenarin; basq. vulg. Baleniera;
esp. Ballenero, port. Baleeiro ; Angl. Whale-fisher). Ba-
timent employe" a la peche de la baleine."
If DESDICHADO is anxious for any information
on ancient ships, I should strongly advise him to
consult Jal's very valuable work.
R. S. CHARNOCK.
THE FAIRFAX FAMILY OF DEEPING-GATE.
(3rd S. i. 370, 431.)
Notices of the Fairfax family of Barford, co.
Warwick, having appeared as above, perhaps a
few notes as to another family of the same name
may have interest for some of your readers. I
possess a small MS. Calendar for the three years,
1463, 1482, and 1501, at intervals of nineteen
S. II. OCT. 18, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
311
years. The vellum leaves of which, preceding
the Calendar, contain various prayers of the
Roman Catholic Church, moral distiches, a list of
unlucky days throughout the year, &c. Imme-
diately preceding this last, seven of the small
quarto pages are filled with fifteen entries ; chiefly
of the births, baptisms, sponsors, &c., of a family
of Fairfax, residing at Deeping- Gate, in the parish
of Maxey, and liberty of Peterborough, co. North-
ampton ; but so near the border of Lincolnshire,
that Deeping-Gate is but a mile and a quarter
south-east of Market-Deeping in that county.
These, and two other neighbouring Deepings, ap-
pear to have derived the name for their situation
among the low or deep meadows or pastures,
overflowed by streams and by the river Welland.
These family entries are all in Latin ; and it will
probably suffice if the first be given exactly as
written, and the others simply noted by their
names and dates : —
" Margareta p'mogenita filia Will'i Fairfax armig'i &
Elene p'me ux'is sue,* nata fuit apad Stannford xxj°
die mens August! Anno D'ni m° ccccmo xlvto 1'ra D'nica
C. circa hora nova. Co'matres sue fuer'nt Editha Seynt
John filia ducissede Somerset post qu'm ducissa no'i'abat.
JCt Elizabeth Zouche, filia D'ni de Grey de Coodnor, ux'
Johannis Zouche. Et compat' ejus fuit Abbas de Burgo
S'ti Petri & ip'emet baptizauit' ea si*' in ecc'ia S'ti
Georgij in Stannford p'dict' & com'at' ejus cora' ep'o fuit
Margareta uxor VVill'i Broun de Stanaford p'dict nobil'
mercatoris de le Staple."
The chief curiosities of this baptismal record
are the specification of the Dominical letter at the
date of birth ; the two noble godmothers ; the
holy godfather ; and lastly, another godmother
before the bishop, of inferior rank, being the wife
qf a " noble merchant of the Staple " of Stann-
ford (now Stamford), co. Lincoln.
2. Margery, second daughter of the aforesaid. Bora
at Dcpyngate, in the parish of Maxsev, in co. North •
arapton, Oct. '28, 1447.
8. VVm. Fairfax, married, at London, Agnes, his second
wife, daughter of Kobert Canfeld, Esq., in the church of
the blessed Mary called Aldermanberj-, June 26, 1455.
4. William, eldest son of VVm. Fairfax and Agnes his
second wife. Born at Depyngate, July 10, 1456.
5. Ann, eldest daughter of the same. Born at Depyn-
gate, July 23, 1457.
6. Elizabeth, second daughter. Born at Depyngate,
Jan. 25, 1458. This entry ends thus: "Johanna Dey de
Tr^'nden, mydwife, obstetrix."
7. Thomas, son, &c., born at Depyngate, Sept. 12, 1460.
8. John, son, &c., born at Depyngate, March 18, 1462.
9. Robert, son, &c., born, &c , April 23, 1464.
10. Charles, son, &c., born on the Feast of St. Andrew
[Nov. 30], 1465.
11. Susanna, thud daughter, &c., born Oct. 25, 1466.
1'2. Hugh, sixth son, &c., born Oct. 9, 1467.
13. Agnes, fourth daughter, &c., born May 7, 1469.
14. Henry, seventh son, &c., born Aug. 6, 1470.
15. Mary (" Maria "), fifth daughter, £c., born June 4,
1472.
* A marginal note states that this Ellen was daughter
of Wm. Brereton, Knight.
Each of the entries is as full as that given in
extenso. They are curious in the names of the
sponsors, the godmothers being chiefly ladies of
rank ; and the godfathers, ecclesiastical or mo-
nastical dignitaries. Amongst them are : Master
Richard Dykeloun, rector of [East] Deeping and
and Norborough ; Master Thomas Tanfeld, B.D.
(" bacularius sacre theologie") ; Wm. Borough,
priest, monk, and sacristan of the monastery of
Peterborough (" de Burgo Sancti Petri ") ; the
Abbot of Peterborough ; Master Tlios. Parley,
rector of Etton; Sir Nicholas Croyland, monk,
and then prior of E:ist Deeping ; Sir William
Wyttelsey, monk, and then prior of East Deep-
ing ; Sir John Dykeloun, rector of Peykirke ; Sir
John Russeton, vicar of East Deeping, parish of
St. James; Master Win. Witham, "decretorum
doctor," and at that time archdeacon of Leicester ;
Thomas, abbot of Burne [Bourne] ; Sir Wm.
Maxsey, rector of West Deeping ; Sir Robert
Edleham, priest of the chapel of the Blessed Mary,
in Depyngate; Sir John Martyn, then parish
priest at Norborough ; Master Richard Burton,
licentiate in laws, and. rector of Potbroke, for-
merly prior of the Cenobites of Peterborough ;
Sir Wm. Beaumond, then parish priest of the
church and parish of St. Guthlac in East Deeping.
This will be sufficient to give an idea of these
baptismal records of the fifteenth century. I
should be glad to know something more of this
family of Fairfax of Deeping Gate, who seem to
have borne for arms : Four bars, and a canton
gules.
The manuscript is in different handwritings :
the family entries in a small neat legible hand of
the period. The Calendar has its chief initials in
gold ; and it is duly rubricated, the colours being
vermilion, pink, and light blue ; but all the great
feasts are in burnished gold letters.
EODJN THE MIDDLE AGES.
(3rd S. ii. 212.)
Your correspondent ANTIBIRCII questions the
antiquity of the use of the rod, and the part of
the person to which it was applied (if applied at
all) in olden times.
I am sorry I cannot help him to any legendary
authority for the picture of the Virgin Mary
whipping the infant Jesus, as exhibited in the
cathedral in Italy, to which lie alludes ; but there
is satisfactory mediaeval evidence to show to what
part of the person the rod was applied by the
monks to themselves, and others : —
" Cum virgis asperis flagellisque nodosis dorsum quo-
tidie totnm usque ad sanguinis fluxum exponeret, tninutis
virgulis diliqenter ad hoc consertis." — Anglia Sacra, vol. ii.
p. 267.
" Ita monachi vlrganun flayra quse tergo nudato cceien-
tis infligit acrimonia." — Ibid., p. 267.
312
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[8"> S. II. OCT. 18, '62.
With regard to the classical authority, there
was a painting discovered at Pompeii, still pre-
served I believe in the Royal Museum at Naples, in
which one boy is represented as taken upon an-
other's back (a custom not exploded in our schools
until within my memory, commonly called hors-
ing), and is undergoing the operation of flagel-
lation. Boys among the Romans were punished,
if plebeian, with the ferule and rod ; if noble,
with dried eel-skins. The part of the person to
which they were applied, I leave to Martial and
Juvennl to explain. See Lubin's Juvenal, p. 57.
The slipper is a well-known and effective instru-
ment, used in the East for a similar purpose, both
upon children and refractory females : sometimes
upon the soles of the feet, and sometimes upon
other tender parts of the person.
Your correspondent would hardly require to
be referred to our oldest and best authority ;
which, however, too many of our antibirchites,
wise above what is written, are desirous of inter-
preting after a figurative manner. If, however,
the following passages are figurative I know not
what is literal : —
" Chasten thy son while there is hope.'and let not thy
soul spare for his crying." — Prov. xix. 18.
" A rod is for the back of him that is void of under-
standing."— Prov. x. 13.
'• He that spareth his rod, hateth his son : but he that
loveth him chasteneth him betimes." — Prov. xiii. 24.
" A whip for the horse, a bridle for the ass, and a rod
for the fool's back." — Prov. xxvi. 3.
Solomon had no hesitation~either as to the in-
strument of castigation, or the part of the person
to which it was to be applied.
I confess I have no sympathy with that maudlin
sentiment which seeks in the present day, in the
cases both of young and old, to sacrifice justice to
mercy. Our nation has already begun to suffer
severely from a misplaced confidence in criminals,
which becomes in effect sympathy with crime.
The recent leaders of some of our most powerful
periodicals are beginning to call our attention to
the mistake committed, in the matter of the
ticket- of-leave system, and our punishments of
crime in general. Alas for a country, which
sacrifices common sense and the experience of
ages to modern, but not better, notions of philan-
throphy ! What can this tend to, but the sad state
of things foretold in 2 Tim. iii. 2 — 5, as the
sign of the latter days ? An experience of more
than fifty years' close watching'of human nature,
has tausht me, that while there is nothing more
demoralising than an indiscriminate use of flog-
ging, yet many of our most eminent Christians and
statesmen owe their eminence in this world, and
their hopes in the world to come, to a discreet
administration of the rod in their youth.
I would not harden by frequent and injudicious
flogging, but I would take care that the punish-
ment should be for such offences as require it,
and with such effect that it should not be for-
gotten. Well do I remember an anecdote of a
youthful relative of my own, now of distinguished
rank ; who, in a fit of excessive naughtiness, said :
" I know I shall never be better till I have had a
good whipping ! " His father gave it to him.
After it was over, he said : " 1 am better, but
papa's whippings are no joke! "
ONE WHO WAS FLOGGED IN HIS YOUTH,
AMD HAS NEVER REGRETTED IT.
ANTIBIRCH may see the punishment of the rod,
as applied to a disobedient schoolboy of the time
of Edward VI., set forth in a most lively fashion
upon the seal of the Louth Grammar School.
There is a good engraving of it in tho Notitite
Ludce, 8vo, 1834, p. 70. The inscription is —
" sioiLi. : COM : LIBERE : SCUIE : ORAMATC :
EDWAIIDI : IN : VILLA : DE : LOWTII ;"
Over the head of the master and his pupils is a
scroll, bearing the following quotation : —
" QVI : PARCIT : VIRGK : ODIT : i-iuv
One seal is dated 1552.
(rRIMI..
Perhaps ANTIBIRCH may find the authority
that he is in quest of in the old nursery rhyme :
where the schoolmistress, inflicting what he would
call an indecent castigation, sings : —
" Smick 'em ! smack 'em ! over iny knee :
Say—' Thank you, Good Dame, for whipping o' me."
MELETHS.
DATE OF PEWS (3rd S. ii. 189, 240.) —The fol-
lowing quotation, from Weever's Ancient funeral
Monuments (fol. 1631, p. 701), may help to an-
swer the Query : —
" Many Monuments of the dead in Churches in and
about London, as also in some places of the Country, are
covered with Seats, or Pewt; made high and easy, for the
parishioners to sit or sleep in, — a fashion of no long con-
tinuance, and worthy of reformation."
As for a list of churches where the old open
benches remain, no general catalogue has been
put forth. They are to be found more or less in
the majority of churches in Devon and Cornwall.
H. T. ELLACOMBE, M.A.
Though the woodwork in Sprotborough Church
is not later than the first half of the seventeenth
century, yet it has not existed in its present form
more than thirty years. The open benches were
converted into pews, with the addition of very
little fresh wood-work, about 1830. In Bloxam's
Gothic Architecture (pp. 464-5, ed. 1859,) your
correspondent will find notices of early pewing.
C. J. R.
BLONDIN (3rd S. ii. 228.) — According to the
lately published Life of Blondin, edited by Mr.
3rd S. II. Ocr. 18, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
313
G. Linneus Banks, the height of the " hero of
Niagara " is 5 feet 5 inches, and his weight about
ten stones. ST. SWITHIN.
RESUSCITATION AFTER HANGING (2na S.xii.355.)
"Lanigan was hanged for the murder of Captain
O'Flaherty. Some time after, he made his appearance at
the chambers of Mr. Lander, a barrister in the Temple.
Sir Joseph Harrington was present, and knew the man. He
and Mr. Lander smuggled Lanigan over to France, where
he died in a monastery of La Trappe, near Abbeville,
many years after." — Sir Jonah Harrington's Personal
Sketches, &>-c., vol. i.
" Maggie Dickson hanged at Edinburgh, and brought
to life again in the year 1738." — Chambers' Traditions
of Edinburgh.
"Lamartine's cook (during his travels in Syria), Abou-
lices, hanged and recovered." — Voyage en Orient, 1832.
C. J. P.
SUGGY (3rd S. ii. 271.) — This word, applied by
a woman in Huntingdonshire to the dead weight
of a child in arms, is evidently a corruption of
saggy, and is formed from the old [verb to sag,
which is retained both in Scotch and many pro-
vincial English dialects. The verb to sag, is ex-
plained by Halliwell, " To hang down heavily, as
oppressed by weight." L.
This word is in common use among the peasan-
try of Wilts and Berks, and is used there in '.the
acceptation of moist or springy, being applied to
meadow where there is an accumulation of water
under the turf. "There is a path across that
field, but you will find it rather suggy." |No doubt
it is a corruption of the word sucky, from the noise
made by the tread in passing over ground of this
nature. ITHURIEL.
An explanation of the meaning of this word,
both as an adjective and a substantive, will be
found in the abridgement of Dr. Jamieson's Dic-
tionary of the Scottish Language, p. 657. ANON.
PAINTING OF THE REFORMERS (3rd S.ii. 87, 137,
175, 258.) — Allow me to thank the various cor-
respondents who have kindly replied to my query
respecting the abovenamed painting. Soon after
I wrote it, I discovered that I had accidentally
stated the number of figures to be fourteen,
whereas they are in reality seventeen (not includ-
ing the pope, friar, cardinal, or " that other per-
sonage") six sitting at the table, that of Luther
being in the centre, and eleven standing behind
them. My picture differs from that of your cor-
respondent, WM. GEORGE, in that in mine Bu-
linger stands next to Bishop Usher in the upper
left hand corner of the picture, while Perkins is
placed last but one on the upper right, next to
Archbishop Cranmer. I may mention that the
names of the Reformers represented are, with one
exception, written on or near to their portraits.
On the table are inscribed the words, " The candle
is lighte[d]. We cannot blow it out."
H. C. F.
Herts.
THE WILD TURKEY (3rd S. ii. 245.) — The wild
turkey of America is a totally distinct bird from
our common English barnyard turkey ; instead of
the miserably dull appearance of our bird, his
plumage glows with all the colours of the rainbow
when he moves in the sunlight. He has a tassel
of long hair hanging from his breast, and is one of
the most wary and cautious creatures in existence.
There is no game in America so difficult to catch.
An Indian said, when asked how he often brought
deer for sale but seldom wild turkey, " When the
deer sees me I stand still till he has done looking ;
he takes me for a stump, or an old log, and goes on
feeding again, and I kill him ; but the turkey looks
and says to himself, I don't know whether he's
stump or whether he's Indian, but I'll be off any
how." They are principally got by calling them
early in the morning from behind a log, till they
come near enough to be shot. The call is made
from one of their own wing bones, and sometimes
from a leaf. They will breed with the common
or tame turkey, but the cross, of course, loses in
beauty. Their flesh is not nearly so good as the
tame, being hard and dry.
They are or were to be obtained in this country
from Mrs. Ferguson Blair, Inchmartine, Perth.
Our turkey was first imported from India via
Persia, from whence comes the French name
D'Inde or D'Indon ; as also our name turkey from
the place of first import, as Cochin Chinas at this
moment. COPPERCAP.
DR. JOHN HEWETT (3rd S. ii. 232.)— Had your
correspondent, C^EDO IJLLUD, more courteously
requested my authorities for the article upon
Dr. Hewett, he would doubtless have met with a
ready reply. I do not generally trouble myself
to answer an anonymous attack, but may content
myself with stating, that in the British Museum
may be found authentic MS. authority for the
entire article, if your correspondent feels inclined
to search for the same. CL. HOPPER.
SMART'S " SONG TO DAVID " (3rd S. ii. 139.) —
That this poem, which consists of eighty stanzas,
and six lines in each, or any considerable part of
it, should have been indented with a key on the
walls of the apartment in which the author was
confined as a lunatic, is clearly impossible ; but,
admitting that some part of it may have been so
indented, whence comes the evidence that " the
verses were shaded off with a rough piece of
charcoal " ?
The writer of the " Life of Smart," in Chalmers's
Biographical Dictionary, says : " In what manner
he lived," meaning, I suppose, how he supported
himself and his family, " during his latter years,
his biographer has not informed us," but it was,
doubtless, in part, at least, from the proceeds of
the subscription to his Psalms and Hymns, " printed
for the author" in 1765, and to which the " Song
314
XOTES AND QUERIES.
S. II. OCT. 18, '0-?.
to David " was appended. His subscribers number
between seven and eight hundred, and it is pleasant
to observe among them so many distinguished by
rank and talent. Of dukes and duchesses, earls
and countesses, bishops and right honourables,
there are not less than thirty ; and of the eminent
in literature and art there are the names of Arm-
strong, Akenside, Arne, Balguy, Burney, Colman,
Cowper, Churchill, Cumberland, Gray, Garrick,
Hawkesworth, Heberden, Hogarth, Hurd, Lang-
home, Lowtb, Mason, Motteux, Murphy, Porteus,
Smollett, Warton, and others. Many subscribe
for two copies, several for six, one for ten, and one
(Brigadier General Draper) for forty. What was
the subscription for one copy ? J. D.
"TuE GOSPEL SHOP": REV. ROWLAND HILL
(3rd S. ii. 273.) — There cannot, we think, be any
doubt that the author of The Gospel Shop, in as-
cribing it on the prologue and epilogue, to R. Hill,
Esq., of Cambridge, intended to reflect on Row-
land Hill, M.A., of St. John's College, who, at the
period in question, was a well-known itinerant lay
preacher, although he soon afterwards became the
settled minister of a dissenting congregation.
C. H. & THOMPSON COOPER.
Cambridge.
JOHN TWEDDELL (3rd S. ii. 274.) — Your cor-
respondent, OxoNiENSis,may be interested, though
sorry, to learn, that the slab with the Rev. Robert
Walpole's inscription in Greek verse, to the me-
mory of John Tweddell, has long since been de-
stroyed. In my rambles at Athens, in 1834, 1 saw a
small fragment of the slab bearing the name, in full
or in part, I for get which, lying among a quantity of
loose stones which had been used in the formation
of a boundary wall close to the Temple of Theseus.
This fact is noted down in my Diary ; and at pre-
sent I can only express my regret that I did not
cause the fragment to be preserved.
THOMAS H. CROMEK.
Wakefield.
ASSURANCE LITERATURE (3rd S. ii. 165, 251.) —
The following extract, from a newspaper para-
graph, showing the mortality amongst insurance
offices, may interest some of your readers : —
" In 1848, four insurance companies ceased to exist; j
in 1849, seven; in 18oO, three; in 1851, none; in 1852, j
two; in 1853, efght; in 1854, six; in 1855, ten; in 185G, I
sixteen; in 1857, thirty-four; in 1858, twenty-five; in j
1859, fifteen ; in I860, six ; in 1861, ten. Whilst, during
the year 1862, eleven have disappeared, or are disap-
pearing."
Total, 157 in fourteen years.
EDWARD J. WOOD.
THE "ORGANS" AT WKEXIIAM (3rd S. ii. 248.)
With reference to the Query respecting this in- i
strument, I am able to cite poetical evidence of
the celebrity it had acquired two hundred and '
thirty years ago ; and, without doubt, the volume
of organ tone, and mastery of organ-playing skill,
\ which could suggest to any mind associations of
the supernatural in connection with the Intililcris
and blowers thereof, must have been something
extraordinary. In Fletcher's play, the Custom of
the Country, a Welchman is introduced, making
boast (even in the the distant land of Spain) of
the wonderful music to be heard in that sacred
edifice, which has been justly described (I think
by Pennant) as " the glory of North Wales."
These are the words of "Taffy": —
" The organs at TZ/a-ham were made by Revelations !
And (here's a Spirit blows, and blows the bellows;
And then they sing ! "
A. SEDGE.
Temple.
NAVAL UNIFORM (3rd S. ii. 154.) — Lord Nel-
son is represented with an epaulette in a wax
medallion (which I possess) by Miss Sharpe,
modeller in wax to H. M. Queen Charlotte ; no
doubt taken subsequent to the letter referred to.
L. L. B.
THE GRACELESS FLORIN AND THE POTATO
DISEASE (3rJ S. ii. 126.) — In the popular edition
of The Recreations of a Country Parson (p. 44),
the author says : —
" Sydney Smith put Catholic Emancipation as com-
mon justice and common sense; Dr. M'Neile puts it as a
great national sin, and the origin of the potato disease."
This hint may afford a clue to the requirement
Of NUMISMATICCS. ST. SwiTHIN.
LEGERDEMAIN (3rd S. ii. 226.) — Continuing
W. II. L.'s list of books on the subject of leger-
demain : —
3. " The Magician's Own Book ; or the whole Art of
Conjuring." 8vo. New York. Dick & Fitzgerald.
4. " Thaumaturgia ; or Elucidations of the Marvel-
lous." 8vo. Churton. London.
5. " Le Magicien de Socie'te'; ou Lc Diablo Couleur
de Rose." 8vo. Paris. Germain Mathiot.
6. " Chymical Magic, with invisible Portrait of the
Author." 8vo. • Longman & Co.
7. " Brewster's Natural Magic."
8. " Demonology and Witchcraft" Lockhart. 12mo.
Murrav.
G. W. S. P.
BUCK WHALLEY (3rd S. ii. 76, 149.) — Extract
from the Gentleman's Magazine, second volume
for the year 1800, relating to this gentleman : —
" He then retired to the Isle of Man, where he em-
ployed himself in cultivating and improving an estate
he possessed there, and in educating his children, lie
at the same time drew up Memoirs of his own life, with
a view to their publication, written for the express pur-
pose of preventing other young men from being led into
similar errors with himself, and containing some excel-
lent reflections on the folly of the life he had led ; niul
on the small share of happiness he had (with the ample
means he possessed) produced to himself or others."
Were these " Memoirs " ever published ?
X. Y. Z.
3rd S. II. OCT. 18, 'G2.J
NOTES AND QUERIES.
315
FEMALE PRINTERS (3rd S. ii. 229.)— Dr. Bed-
does of Clifton, Bristol, printed in 1792, but never
published, a poem on Alexander's Expedition to
the Indian Ocean, with elaborate notes. His bio-
grapher, Dr. Stock, gives an analysis of the poem,
with some extracts, and a pretty copious report
of the dissertations appended to it, and adds : —
" One circumstance more relating to this work should
be" recorded, because it suggests a benevolent hint, too
valuable to be lost. It was printed in a remote village,
and the compositor was a young woman. ' I know not,'
says Dr. Beddoe.*, ' if women be commonly engaged in
printing, but their nimble and delicate fingers seem ex-
tremely well adapted to the office of compositor, and it
will be readily granted that employment for females is
among the greatest desiderata of society.' "— Stock's
Memoirs of the Life of Thomas Beddoes, M.D., 1811,
p. 68.
J.D.
MORGAN FAMILY (3rd S. ii. 246.) — SIR T. E.
WINNINGTON would confer a great boon upon
South Wales genealogy if he would favour you
•with the descent of General Sir T. Morgan, Bart.,
which may perhaps be preserved with his papers, j
There is little doubt but that the General was a
branch from Tredegar. The Baronetcy (12mo,
1727,) makes him son of Lewis Morgan of Llan-
gattoe, Monmouthshire ; and when created ba-
ronet, Feb. 7, 1660, he is styled of that place.
The Baronetage gives his arms : " A. 3 bulls
heads (cabossed) S, langued gules ;" but also
states those of Morgan of Llsingattoc to be, " Or
a griffin segreant sable." The Tredegar family
have long used both, and their very numerous
cadets used sometimes one, and sometimes the
other. Thus Lewis of St. Pierre used both, put-
ting the bulls in the second quarter, and Morgan
of Llanrhymny put them in the first. And this
long before William Morgan of Tredegar (ob.
1682) married the heiress of Morgan of Ddrw,
whose paternal coat was also the bulls.
Lewis is not a common Christian name in the
Morgan family. After the match with Catherine
Lewis of Ruperra, there were two descents of
that name ; but they certainly did not migrate to
Llangattoc.
There is another Sir Thomas, " a great com-
mander," who was of Pencarn, and therefore a
cadet of Tredegar ; and whose grandson, Sir
Charles, was a General of the States in the Low-
Countries, whose heiress married Sir Lewis Mor-
gan of Ruperra.
Is there any foundation for the prevalent belief
that the buccaneer Governor of Jamaica, Sir
Henry Morgan, was brother to the Llangattoc
baronet ? He, at least, is always" claimed as of
the lineage of Tredegar. C.
NAMES OP THE THREE WISE MEN, ETC. (3rd S.
ii. 248.) — A communication at the above refer-
ence, signed S. DALTON by mistake, for I. DALTON,
mentions a silver ring found at Dunwich, with
three lines engraved upon it, bearing the names
of the three' Magi, as a charm against the falling
sickness. CANON DALTON inquires the origin of
this charm ?
Such rings were not uncommon. They were
sometimes inscribed with the unmeaning words:
+ Dabi + hdbi + haber -f- liel>r + : but the verse
in honour of the Three Wise Men was more usual ;
and even their three names alone, carried about
the person, were considered by the ignorant a
charm against the falling sickness. It is impos-
sible to assign any origin to this, and a thousand
other superstitions. It had even found its way
into some rituals, as that of Chartres, in 1500.
F. C. H.
The more modern translation of the Latin
charm has the merit of introducing the names of
the Three Wise Men : —
" Christ Jasper, Balthasar, and Melchior sought ;
Myrrh, Gold, and Frankincense, the gifts they brought.
Who wear the names of those three Kings shall be
For ever from the ' Falling Sickness ' free."
A. H. N.
ST. LEGEES OF TRUNKWELL (3rd S. ii. 1G6, 197,
259.) — Trunkwell, formerly belonging to the St.
Legers, in the parish of Shinfield, near Reading,
consists of about 260 acres. A respectable farmer
in the neighbourhood (to use his own words) knew
Madam St. Leger very well. She died at Trunk-
well House, most likely buried either at Shinfield
or Strathfieldsay, a nearer church.
Trunkwell is pleasantly situated, and sur-
rounded by well-planted gardens and pleasure
grounds. The views all round are beautiful,
especially from Beech Hill, and not far from the
celebrated Miss Mitford's last residence.
Mr. Rich succeeded the St. Legers, who sold
it to the Hon. Mr. Law. Capt. Scott bought it of
Mr. Law ; at his death, it was sold to Mr. Green-
way, and is now the property of Mr. Robert Al-
frey of Oakfield Park, in t&e parish of Mortimer.
JULIA R. BOCKETT.
Bradney, rear Burgh field.
COLONEL THOMAS RAINSBOHOUGH (3rd S. ii.
248.) — r. is referred to The Historical and Topo-
graphical View of Strafford and Tic/thill, by John
Wainwright (vol. ii. pp. 54, £5, 56, 57, 58), for
particulars of the attack upon and death of Col.
Thomas Rainsborough ; which death it is there
stated, on the authority of Whitelock, Boothroyd,
and Paulden, took place on the 31st Oct., 1648,
and not on the 29th as stated by Miller ; who
confounds the day Captain Paulden and his com-
panions left Pontefract, with that on which Rains-
borough was killed. JOHN PARKIN.
Idridgehay, Worksworth.
WEDDERLY: EDGAR FAMILY (3ld S. ii. 189,
258.)— My substitution of Lauder for Westruther,
the adjoining parish, was simply a slip of the pen.
316
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. OCT. 18, V2.
The Netherhouse, to which I alluded, is marked
on a large old map of Berwickshire ; which is pro-
bably still to be seen at the office of the old
parish registers, R. H. Edinburgh. I beg to thank
S., however, for the information relative to the
other Netherhouses.
I may take this opportunity of observing, that
in the Commissariat of Lauder there is the will of
" Alesone Edzer (Edgar) at Wedderlie, parish of
Gordoune," in 1564.
" Danskin " is, or was, a hamlet in the parish
of Garvald Haddington. -The family of Edgar of
Wedderly branched oft' in this direction ; and I
suppose that Alexander Edgar, Commissioner of
Haddington between 1680 and 1707, was the re-
presentative of one of these branches.
In the will of John Edgar, of VVederlie' (1657),
mention is made of Alexander Edgar of West-
ruther (he was probably his brother). This John
Edgar left an only daughter, Mary.
Without considerable caution, one would be apt
to be misled by the frequent occurrence of the
names Alexander, James, and Patrick, in the wills
of Edgars. These names having been common in
the Edinburgh, as well as in the Berwickshire
family, or rather families. SPAL.
AMERICAN CENTS (3rd S. i. 255 ; ii. 184, 238,
259.) — I have two specimens of the Kentucky
cent ; and as correctly as I can make it out (and
I have used a magnifying glass), the following
are the letters on the fifteen stars : — (K.) Ken-
tucky. (R. I.) Rhode Island. (V.) Vermont.
(V.) Virginia. (N. Y.) New York. (N. C.) North
Carolina. (M1.) Massachusets. (Md.) Maryland.
(S. C.) South Carolina. (N. H) New Hampshire.
(D.) Delaware. (P.) Pennsylvania. (N. J.) New
Jersey. (G.) Georgia. (C.) Connecticut. I have
added the States to whom I have attributed the
initials ; of course, the latter is on no authority, —
only my surmising. SAM. SHAW.
Andover.
THE SCOTTISH ACELDAMA (3rd S. ii. 274.) —
Where the Mr. Paull referred to may have seen
an inscription recording "the murder" of 18,000
Presbyterians by " black prelacy " it might not
be easy to say, as I believe that in Scotland se-
veral " martyrs' monuments " bear that assertion,
as may be seen by a little sixpenny book pub-
lished by McPhun of Glasgow, in which copies of
the inscriptions on the tombstones of martyrs and
covenanters all over Scotland are collected, and
given. The original authority for the above
statement is, however, John Howie of Lochgoin,
* The style of "Sir" in the Church, as already re-
marked in " N. & Q.," was common in the feudal times,
and even later. An instance of its use occurs in this
family, or one of its branches : for we find in the Commis-
sariat of Edinburgh, 1579, Oct. 29, " Schir William Ed-
gare, Prebendar of Lineluden in Nidisdale."
who, in his celebrated Scots Worthies, enters into
the following computation, whence it will be ob-
vious that there is no intc'ntion of saying, that, on
any single occasion, 18,000 victims perished "at
one fell swoop;" for it is doubtful how many
really perished at all : —
"It is computed that [i. e. from 16CO to 1C83] not less
than 18,000 people suffered death or the utmott hardships
and extremities [surely a very different thing.] Of these,
about 170) were banished to the plantations, and of this
number 200 were lost in shipwreck by the carelessness,
or rather, as it appears, by the cruelty of the seamen.
About 750 were banished to the northern islands and
doomed to wear out a miserable existence on these then
unpeopled shores. Those in addition, who suffered im-
prisonment and the privations accompanying it, are
computed at above 2800 ; those killed in* the several
skirmishes and insurrections are computed at G80 ; and
those who went into voluntary banishment\_\'] about 7000.
About 498 were murdered in cold blood, besides 3G2 who
were by form of law executed. The number of those
who perished through cold, hunger, and other privations
in their wanderings upon the mountains, and their re-
sidence in caves cannot well be calculated, but will cer-
tainly make up the sum total to the number above spe-
cified."
All this is bad enough ; but really the story when
analysed closely resembles that of the three black
crows ! Had it been an Irish instead of a Scottish
piece of history, one could have understood the
distinction betwixt those that were only " kilt "
and those actually murdered. But the propor-
tion of the latter seems, as above stated, much
too small to dominate the whole aggregate of
18,000 "martyrs." SHOLTO MACDCFF.
STEWARTS OF BDRRAY, BURGH, OR BRUGU (3rd
S. ii. 274.) — There is no difficulty about Stewart
pedigrees, since genealogists of the name are as
plentiful as blackberries. The following is Craw-
furd's account of this particular branch in his
History of the Royal and Illustrious Family of
Stewart : —
" STEWART LORD DOCN, NOW EAHL OF HURRAY.
" From the family of Ochiltree [the precedent genealogy,
in which it is shown that the first of this family was An-
drew Stewart grandchild of Murdoch, Duke of Albanv, by
James, one of his younger sons] the Stewarts of Doun
derive their descent. Sir James Stewart of Baith, their
ancestor, was a younger brother of that noble family.
He obtained from King James V. the hereditary com-
mand of the Castle of Doun with the Stewartry of Men-
teith in the year 1534. He married Margaret Lindsay,
Dowager Lady Innermeath, by whom he had two sons;
James his successor, and Henry, author of that branch of
the Stewarts of Burray in Orkney, whose "lineal heir is Sir
James Stewart, Baronet."
It is the spelling of the word " Burray,"
according to the local and provincial pronun-
ciation, which has probably obscured this gene-
nealogy. In Orkney " Burgh," " Brugh, ' or
" Burray," however pronounced (though Generally
spelled in the first of these three fashions), always
refers to the well-known remains of some Danish
fort or burgh. SHOLTO MACDUFF.
3'* S. II. OCT. 18, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
317
It appears from the Abbreviate of Scottish Re-
tours (i. e. Returns or Verdicts of Juries) that
on February 25, 1679, Robert Stewart, of New-
wark, was served or retoured heir of his father,
Colonel John Stewart of Newwark, in, inter alia,
"18 denariatatis terrarum de Burgh in Itisula de
Sanday." An Edward Steward of Burgh is no-
ticed in the same publication, Appendix, vol. ii.
p. 309, under date February 13, 1634. The
Abbreviate is printed up to, and including, the
year 1700, but not subsequently. The continua-
tion of it will, however, be found in the Chancery
Office, Register House, Edinburgh ; and is, I be-
lieve, in an alphabetical arrangement. G.
Edinburgh. •
EVA MARIA GARRICK (3rd S. ii. 264.) — To
complete the collectanea of MR. CHARLES WYLIE
the following seems wanting, from the Autobio-
graphy of Jupiter Carlyle : —
" We had one cabin passenger, who was afterwards
much celebrated. When we were on the quarter-deck in
the morning [era voyage from Holland], we observed three
foreigners of different ages, who had under their care a
young person of about sixteen, very handsome indeed,
whom we took for a Hanoverian baron, coming to pay
his court at St. James's. The gale freshened so soon,
that we had not an opportunity of conversing with these
foreigners, when we were obliged to take to our beds in
the cabin. The young person was the only one of the
strangers who had a berth there ; because, as we sup-
posed, it occasioned an additional freight. My bed was
directly opposite to that of the stranger, but we were so
sick that there was no conversation among us ; till the
3'oung foreigner became very frightened in spite of the
sickness, and called out to me in French if we were not
in danger. The voice betrayed her sex at once, no less
than her fears. I consoled her as well as I could, and
soon brought her above the fear of danger. This beau-
tiful person was Violetti the dancer, who was engaged to
the Opera in the Haymarket. This we were made cer-
tain of by the man who called himself her father waiting
on us next day at Harwich ; requesting our countenance
to his daughter on her first appearance, and on her
benefit. I accordingly was at the Opera the first night
she appeared, where she was the first dancer, and main-
tained her ground till Garrick married her. . . . We
passed the night at Colchester, where the foreigners were
likely to be roughly treated ; as the servants at the inn
took offence at the young woman in men's clothes, as one
room was only bespoke for all the four. We interposed,
however ; when Monkly's authorit}', backed by us, pre-
vented their being insulted. They travelled in a separate
coach from us ; but we made the young lady dine with
us next day, which secured her good treatment." — Auto-
biography of Dr. Alexander Carlyk, p. 184.
Carlyle afterwards adds, —
.... "I was twice at the Opera, which seemed so very
far from real life, and so unnatural, that I was pleased
with nothing but the dancing, which was exquisite, espe-
cially that of Violetti."— Ib., p. 197.
. . . . " We returned and dined sumptuously [i. e. at
Garrick's villa at Hampton], Mrs. Garrick, the only lady,
now grown fat, though still very lively, being a woman
of uncommon good sense, and now mistress of English,
was in all respects most agreeable company. She did not
seem at all to recognise me, which was no wonder at the
| end of twelve years, having thrown away my bag-wig and
i sword, and appearing in my own grisly hairs, and in par-
son's clothes; nor was I likely to remind her of her
I former state." — P. 344.
SHOLTO MACDXJFF.
The following may be added to the Notes on
I Eva Maria Violetti : —
" June 23, 1749. Yesterday was married, by the Rev.
Mr. Francklin, at his Chapel near Russell Street, Blooms-
bur)-, David Garrick, Esq., to Eva Maria Violetti; and
afterwards on the same day, according to the rites of the
Roman Catholic Church, by the Rev. Mr. Blyth, at the
Chapel of the Portuguese Embassy in South Audley
Street." — General Advertiser, June 23rd.
J. Y.
MARAT IN ENGLAND (2nd S. x. 214)— The
following is extracted from a letter of Charles
Joseph Harford, Esq., dated Stapelton, Nov. 26,
1822, to the Rev. Samuel Seyer, author of the
Memoirs of Bristol : —
"... The infamous Marat, stabb'd by Charlotte Corde,
once disgraced this city ^Bristol], and was unfortunately
released from Newgate by the Society for relief of per-
sons confined for small debts. This I know from the late
Mr. James Ireland of Brislington ; who told my father,
that being at Paris, I forget what j'ear, he went to the
National Assembly, and took his servant with him, who,
on seeing Marat rise to speak, assured his master with
astonishment the man was the very person to whom he
had often taken money and victuals from him when a
prisoner in Bristol gaol. I think it will be worth while
to look into the books of the Society, to see if a man of
the name of Marat le Maitre, or Lemain, or [Farlin de la
Jan (?), nearly illegible] — for by this last he was French
Tutor at Warminster — was released by them. As I do
not know the year, I can give no direction ; but I remem-
ber who Marat was, by my father relating what Mr.
Ireland told him I will add, my father saw this
villain in 1772 at Warminster. Mr. Bush could remem-
ber him there. He afterwards was a hair- dresser at Ox-
ford ; robbed the Ashmolean Museum ; was taken in
Dublin, but convicted at Oxford, and sent to Woolwich
to the Hulks. This I prove thus :— In 1776, Mr. Lloyd,
of Newbury, and the late Mr. J. S. Harford, of Blaize
Castle, went to London; where, among other sights,
they visited Woolwich ; and Mr. Lloyd recognized his
Warminster tutor as one of the convicts wheeling a
wheelbarrow, and pointed, him out to Mr. Harford."
C. J. P.
BAPTISTERIES (3rd S. ii. 272.) — The earliest
Fathers who mention baptisteries are St. Justin
in the second century, and Tertullian in the third.
They were called 4>corio-Tijpicz, places of illumination.
Thus, St. Justin says, in his First Apology to An-
toninus Pius, that those who were prepared to be-
come Christians were taken to the place where the
water was, and there regenerated in the same way
that all Christians were : tirena. &JOVTO.I v<$> fyu£f
ffda. vScap «TTJ, Kal rpuirov avayevv-ljffftas fcf Kal %te?s
avTol aveyevvfiOrifj.f}', avajevvccvrai. This laver, he
says, is called the Illumination, as enlightening the
minds of those who learn the Christian doctrine :
/coAerai 8e rovro rb \ovrpbv f&mcrjubs, us <pur t£opfvuy
TIJV Sidfoiaf T£V ravra nwQavnvrtav. It is evident
318
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. OCT. 18, '62.
that these baptisteries were buildings separate from
the places where the Christians assembled for divine
worship ; for St. Justin goes on to say, that after
they were baptised, the new Christians were con-
ducted to where the brethren were assembled :
ijutts 5^ /j.frd rb ourus \ov<Ta.i rbv vnrnfffiivov, Kal
<rvyK3.TXTtQffJitvov, M rots AeyoueVojv a3eA</>ois
Tertullian also testifies that the baptistery was
a separate place from the church : that when the
catechumens were to go to the water, they pro-
tested beforehand in the church to the bishop, that
they renounced the devil, his pomps and wicked
spirits :
" Aquam aditnri, ibidem, sed et aliquanto prius in EC-
clo<i;i sub antistitis maim contestamur nos renuntiaro
diabolo, et pompse, et angelis ojus." — De Corona, cap. iii.
St. Cyril of Jerusalem, in the fourth century, in
his Calechesis Mi/stag., I., speaks of the porch
where the catechumens renounced Satan, and
which he styles, iepoy.v\iov roD ^nTni<rrnp(ov: and in
the Catechcsis My stag., II., he speaks of the bap-
tistery itself as the interior house, or apartment:
'
This answers the first query of the BAPTISMAL
INQUIRER : to the second I ain unable to reply.
F. C.'H.
ADMIRALS KEPPEL AND RODNEY (3rd S. ii. 286.)
The words of the epigram sought by OXONIENSIS
are given in the Gentleman's Magazine for March,
1780, p. 149, col. 2, as copied from the papers of
the day, and are as follows : —
" Your wisdom, London's Council, far
Our highest praise exceeds ;
In giving each illustrious tar
The very thing he needs.
For RODNEY, brave, but low in cash,
Your golden gifts bespoke :
To KEPPEL, rich, but not so rash,
Yon'gave a heart of oak."
D. B.
ARMAGH CATHEDRAL (3rd S. ii. 125.) — Your
correspondent, ABHBA, who inquires after a de-
scription of Armagh Cathedral, will find one in
the Ecclesiologist, vol. xvi. No. 106, for February,
1855. Y. K
HOLT FIRE (3rd S. ii. 276.) — There can be no
doubt that the churchwarden's entry of " a stryke
of charcole for the hallowed fyer" referred to the
fire which was, and is still, in the Catholic Ritual,
enkindled in the church porch on the morning of
Holy Saturday, that is, Easter Eve ; which fire is
blessed by the officiating priest, and from it the
deacon lights the triple candle, which he carries
in the procession into the church. From this the
paschal candle the lamps in the church and the
candles on the altar are lighted, and, in some
places, the primitive custom of the church is pre-
served, of keeping some of this blessed fire all the
year, for lighting the church lamps and candles.
The entry cannot be supposed to refer to the
fires formerly kindled on All Hallow Eve, th.it is,
the Eve of All Saints, October 31 ; because those
fires were not recognised by the church, and
formed no part of her ceremonial. F. C. II.
PENNY HEDGE AT WIIITBY (3rd S. ii. 88, 119,
298.) — The vqry curious ceremony referred to bv
T. B. is still continued. The following is from the
Whitby Gazette of May 31, 1862 : —
"The feudal service of the Penny Hedge was duly ob-
served on Wednesday morning (Ascension-eve) by Mr.
Herbert, in the presence of Mr. Pt-unock and others."
The legend abridged by T. B. (but not quite
accurately, for three " persons of distinction " were
implicated, and the hedge was required to stand
not nine but three tides), is given at length in the
notes to Scott's Marmion, and in a very correct and
interesting little book lately published, entitled,
IV/ritby, its Abbey, and the Topography and An-
tiquities of the surrounding Country , by F. K. Ro-'
binson, and in several older works on Whitby.
J. D.
CENTESAHIANISM (3rd S. ii. 196.)— With refer-
ence to former notices of John Pratt, I enclose a
statement of his death, which has recently appeared
in the newspapers : —
" DEATH OF A CENTENAKIAX. — Died, at the patriarchal
age of 100, at Oxford, Mr. John Pratt, a native of Gren-
don-Underwood, near Bicester. Deceased, upwards of
half a century ago, was for many 3-ears employed in tho
herbal department of Apothecaries' Hall, London, and was
latterly well known in Oxford and many other parts of
the country as a gatherer of herbs for medicinal purpose?.
He retained his faculties in an extraordinary manner.
Shortly before his death he was seen enjoying his walks
through the streets of Oxford."
L.
In the churchyard of Maresfield, Sussex, there
lies buried an old man of the name of Goldspring,
who died a few years ago in the parish of Bar-
combe. The inscription on his coffin stated that
he was 104 years old, and there is very good
reason to believe that this was about his age. He
was born I believe in Norfolk, and there has been
a difficulty in ascertaining the parish where he was
christened.
Passing through the churchyard of Ditchelling
the other day, I read the following inscriptions on
two tombstones : —
"George Howell, born at West Hothly Jan. Cth, 1754.
Died at Ditcheling, May 7th, 1858. Aged 100 years and
336 days."
On the other stone" is engraved —
" To the memory of Mary Jane Turner, who died Sept.
14, 1857. Aged 100 years and eight months."
These latter cases have been fully verified by
reference to parish registers. R. W. B.
WORDS DERIVED FROM PROPER NAMES : BL vx-
KBTS (3rd S. ii. 139, 177, 277.) — I have heard it
3rd S. II. OCT. IS, 'G.Vj
NOTES AND QUERIES.
319
said, that blankets take their name from three
brothers in Worcester, who invented the article,
and gave it their name. At Claines, adjoining the
city of Worcester, is a place still called the Blan-
kets, and a family of that name resided there in
the reign of Edward I., according to Nash's His~
tory. THOMAS E. WINNIKGTON.
JOHN DUER, ESQ., OF ANTIGUA ("1" S. xi. 425.)
The following copy of an inscription in Fulham
churchyard seems to give some of the information
required by J. K. : —
" Here lyeth the body of John Duer, Esqr, who died
Der 1", 17G4, aged G7. Mary Duer, died December 21",
1757, aged 16 years. John Frye, died February 6th, 17GO,
aged 16 years. Mary Frye, died June 11th, 1760, aged
81 years. Also, M™ Elizth Frye, widow of John Frye,
Esq , of Antigua, died August the G, 1768, aged 58 years.
M™ Frances Duer, relict of the above John Duer, Esqr,
died July ye 3d, 1787, aged 74."
In Burn's Fleet Marriages (London, 1834,
p. 105), is this entry, which may relate to some
of the family, —
" 1C Sept. 1717. John Duer, Esq., St. James, and Eliza-
beth Eyre, St. Clements, B. & S."
WALTER RYE.
THOMAS AGEE (3rd S. ii. 228), was matriculated
as a sizar of Queen's College, Cambridge, Dec. 14,
1G38, and proceeded B.A. 1641-2.
C. H. & THOMPSON COOPER.
BURTON GOGGLES (3'* S. ii. 188.) — The last
syllable in Pepperdine, or Pedwardine, is most
probably derived from the Med. Lat. gardianus, a
warden, " he that hath the keeping or charge of
any person or thing by office," as warden of the
marshes, warden of the forest, warden of the
peace, warden of the Stannaries. It is not un-
common in Great Britain, especially in cos. Here-
ford, Radnor, and Salop. We have Belswardine,
Bedwardine, Bradwardine (Waverley), Bullwar-
dine, Carwardine, Chiswardine, Fouswardine,
Leintwardine, Petwardine, Shilwardine, Shrawar-
•line, Stanswardine, and Wrockwardine. In the
following it contracts into dine, as Ellerdine, In-
jardine, Llanvair Waterdine, Pollerdine.
It. S. CHARNOCK.
TRUE BLUE (3rd S. ii. 175.) — An old Tory
wishes to be informed when and how the colour
which, during the great Civil War, was borne by
fanatics and rebels, became in aftertimes the em-
blem of the party, whose watchword was " Church
and King." It looks like a reversion to the old
symbolic meaning of the word, which from the
time of Chaucer, has always denoted " constancy "
and " trueness." It would be interesting to
have a complete list of the real election party
favours for the counties, cities, and principal towns
(not the mere fancy colour of a candidate) pre-
vious to the passing of the Reform Bill.
C. J. P.
CUT-THROAT LAME (3rd S. ii. 259.) —Not only
England or Middlesex have these lonely bye- ways,
but London can boast one or two choice-named
paths, as, for instance, Squeeze-Gut Alley, in
I Wapping most correctly named ; and IIole-in"-the-
I Wall Passage, one of the courts between Holborn
| and Baldwin's Gardens. NOTSA.
CALLIGRAPHY (3rd S. ii. 210.) — K. inquires
I when the habit of writing bad hands as " gentle-
j manly" arose; observing that "elegant, or at
least intelligible," hands prevailed in and after the
I reign of Elizabeth. The well-known passage in
j Hamlet shows, however, that the bad practice re-
j ferred to by K. was already rooted in the time of
1 Shakspeare : —
" I once did hold it, as our statists do,
A baseness to write fair, and laboured much
How to forget that learning."
W. M. RoSSETTr
NAPOLEON'S ESCAPE FROM ELBA (3rd S. ii. 215.)
j Why does L. say that his assertion that the Em-
• peror Alexander " did not at first take a serious
j view of Bonaparte's enterprise," is groundei on
j the statement, " Je ne manquai pas de presager
les suites dans toute leur etendue : I'empereur en
fut egalement convaincu des le premier moment"?
This statement distinctly affirms the contrary ;
viz., that the emperor foresaw the serious conse-
quences from the first moment inclusive*
W. M. ROSSETTI.
ALGEBRA. (3rd S. ii. 277.) — This word must have
I some algebra applied to it, that is, it must be re-
j stored to its proper meaning. Al j'ebr, a restora-
j tion, is part of the phrase al gebr c al mokabula,
I "restoration and reduction," the name given to
the distinctive parts of algebra in the old Maho-
j metan books of algebra, and introduced into
! Europe with those books. The Spanish word
[ algebrixta, a surgeon, has a Moorish origin in the
I word jebr. When the word was forgotten, a
j notion arose that the Arabian astronomer, Geber,
was the inventor of algebra, which was therefore,
called after him. This Geber also gave his name
to gibberish — at least it is so supposed — and
j some think that his two godsons were twins, if not
I one and the same individual. And certainly,
since algebra and gibberish are equally Greek to
those who understand neither of the three, there
is some excuse for the mistake. For the word and
its meaning see the note in the late Dr. Rosen's
edition and version of the algebra of Mohammed
Ben Musa (Oriental Translation Societyj 1831).
The "distinguished friend of mathematical sci-
ence," whose help is acknowledged, was the late
Henry Warburton, who contributed both know-
ledge and money to the undertaking.
A. DE MORGAN.
320.
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. OCT. 18, 'C2.
MARQUIS OF ANGLESEY'S LEG (3rfl S. ii. 249.) —
The epitaph referred to by OXONIENSIS has been
attributed to the Right Hon. George Canning, and
reads thus : —
" Here rests — and let no saucy knave
Presume to sneer or langh,
To learn that mould'ring in this grave
There lies — a British coif.
" For he who writes these lines is sure
That those who read the whole,
Will find that laugh was premature,
For here too lies a soul.
" And here five little ones repose,
Twin born with other five ;
Unheeded by their brother toes,
Who all are now alive.
" A leg and foot, to speak more plain,
Lie here of one commanding ;
Who, though he might his wits retain,
Lost half his understanding.
" And when the guns with thunder bright,
Poured bullets thick as hail,
Could only in this way be taught,
To give the foe ley bail.
" And now in England just as gay,
As in the battle brave,
Goes to the rout, the ball, the play,
With one leg in the grave.
" Fortune in vain has showed her spite,
For he will still be found,
Should England's sons engage in fight,
Resolved to stand his ground.
"But fortune's pardon I must beg,
She meant not to disarm ;
And when she lopped the hero's leg,
She did not seek his h-arm.
" And but indulged a harmless whim,
Since he could u-alk with one;
She saw two legs were lost on him,
Who never meant to run"
So lately as 1856 I did the field ofWaterloo
during an entire day, and humbly paid all fees
demanded. I regret that I never heard of the
grave of the marquis's leg until I read of it in
" N. & Q." T. W. BELCHEB, M.D.
Cork.
When the noble marquis was, for the second
time, Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, he became very
unpopular, in consequence of a speech he deli-
vered (I forget where) ; and this gave the late
Mr. O'Connell an opportunity of falling foul of
the noble marquis, which he frequently did, and
with all the powers of ridicule of which he was a
master. I well remember the following, which
caused an immense " sensation " at the time ; but
I do not believe Mr. O'Connell was the author, nor
can I say who was. In a speech of Mr. O'Con-
nell's, in quoting the well-known lines —
" God takes the good, too good on earth to stay,
And leaves the bad, too bad to take away,"
the great orator continued —
" This couplet's truth, in Paget's case we find,
God took his leg, and left himself behind ! "
I well remember a ballad being sung in the
streets of Dublin, the chorus of which ran as fol-
lows. It was in ridicule of the marquis : —
" He has one leg in Dublin, the other in Cork,*
And you know very well what I mean, O ! "
There were several others, but I only recollect the
above. S. REDMOND.
Liverpool.
OLD POCKET DIAL (3r4 S. ii. 185.)— ME. COCCH
will find a description of a pocket ring-dial, in the
possession of Mr. Charles Knight, among the notes
to As you like it in that gentleman's Pictorial
Edition of Shakspeares Works, It is accompanied
by an engraving, showing the manner of holding
the dial in order to tell the hour. W. II. HUSK.
* It was stated that he had an artificial cork leg.
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"... ncf snn magsior dolorc,
Che ricordarsi del tempo felice
Nella miscrla."— /ii/<Tflo, canto :>, v. 121.
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NOTES AND QUERIES.
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CONTENTS OF No. 42. — OCT. 18TH.
NOTES : — Manuscripts of the New Testament — Lowndes's
Bibliographer's Manual : Notes on the New Edition, No.
VI. — Corruptions into Sense — Antrim Proverbs — The
Songs of Joseph Mather.
MINOR NOTES : — Gentleman of Blood — Riddle by Charles
II. — Tennyson : Shakspeare — Bazier — Breakneck Crows
— Dr. Johnson's Epitapn on Goldsmith.
QUERIES : — Quotations, References, Ac. — Chrisrna-
tory — Pronunciation of the Word " Cucumber " — Dal-
rymplo Family — English Coinage — William Freeman,
D.D. — Andrew Horn(e) — Injunctions — 1 .ocal Names —
"Modern Midnight Conversations " — " The Newry Ma-
gazine"—Paley's Sermon before Pitt — Paners, Ballads,
Ac. — Revocation of the Edict of Nantes — The Seasons —
Trouvaille — Virginia Herald — Wilcox Family.
QUFBIES WITTT ANSWERS : — Blarney Stone— Rabbis-
Cardinal Wolsey's House at Cheshunt — John Boston —
Forthink — Letter of James VI. to Queen Elizabeth.
REPLIES : — Rood-Screen, Ac. — Ancient Ships — The
Fairfax Family of Deeping-Gate — Rod in the Middle
Ages — Date of Pews — Blondin — Resuscitation after
Hanjrinit — Buggy — Painting of the Reformers — The
Wild Turkey — Dr. John Hewett — Smart's "Song to
David"— "The Gospel Shop:" Rev. Rowland Hill —
John Tweddell — Assurance Literature — The "Organs"
at Wrexham — Naval Uniform — The Graceless Florin and
the Potato Disease — Legerdemain — Buck Whalley —
Female Printers — Morgan Family — Names of the Three
Wise Men, &c. — St. Lexers of Trunkwell — Colonel
Thomas Rainsborough — Wedderly : Edgar Family —
American Cents, Ac.
Now ready, 18mo, coloured wrapper. Port Free, id.
GOUT AND RHEUMATISM. A new
.by DR. LAVlLLEof the Faculty of Medicine. Paris, ex-
perfectly new, certain, and »afe method of cure. Translated
lish Practitioner.
London : FRAS. NEWBERY ft SONH, «, St. Paul1! Church Yard.
AN G
V »<»*•
hibitlng a pc _„,
by an English Practitionsr.
NOW READY, PRICE SIX EHTLLINO8.
SERMONS
PREACHED IN WESTMINSTER:
BT THB
REV. C. F. SECRETAN.
Incumbent of Holy Trinity, Vauxhall Bridge Road.
The Profits will be given to the Building Fund of the West-
minster and Pimlico Church of England Commercial
School.
CONTENTS:
I. The Way to be hapny.
II. The Woman taken in
Adultery.
III. The Two Kccordf of Crea-
tion.
IT. The Fall and the Repent-
ance of Peter.
V. The Good Daughter.
VI. The Convenient Season.
VII. The Death of the Martyrs.
VIII. God is Love.
IX. St. Paul's Thorn in the
Kle»h.
X. Evil Thoughts.
XT. Sins of the TonfTW.
XII. Youth and Ace.
XIII Chri tour Kest.
XIV. The Slavery of Sin.
XV. The Sleep of Death.
XVI. David's Sin our Warning.
XVII. The Story of St. John.
XVIII. The Worship of the Sera-
phim.
XIX. Jmeph an Example to the
Young.
XX. H..me Religion.
XXI. The Latin Service of the
Romish Church.
" Mr. Secretan is a pains-taking writer of practical theol"jry. Called
to minister to an intelligent middle-class London congregation, he has
to avoid the temptation to appear abstrusely intellectual,— a great error
with many London preachers,— ami at the same time to rise above the
strictly plain sermon required by an unlettered flock in the country.
He has nit the mean with complete success, and produced a volume
which will be readily bought by those who are in search ol sermons for
family reading. Out of twenty-one discourses it is almost impossible
to give an extract which would show the quality of the rest, but while
we commend them as a whole, we desire to mention with especial re-
spect one on the ' Two Records of Creation,' in which the rtrat.i
qtuestio of ' Geology and Genesis ' is stated with great p«-rspicui'y and
faithfulness; another on ' Home Religion.' in which the duty of the
Christian to labour for the salvation of his relatives and friends is
strongly enforced, and oneo.i the' Latin Service in the Romish Church,'
which though an argumentative sermon on a point of controversy, is
| perfectly free from a controversial spirit, and treats the subject with
I great fairness and ability."— Literary Churchman.
' " They are earnest, thoughtful, and practical — of moderate length
and well adapted for families."— English Chw\limsui.
" This volume bears evidence of no small ability to recommend It to
our readers. It is characterised by a liberality and breadth of thought
which might be copied with advantage by many of the author's bre-
thren, while the language is nervous racy Saxon. In Mr. Sccretan'i
sermons there are genuine touches of feeling and pathos which are im-
pressive and affecting ; — notably in those on ' the tVoman taken in
Adultery,' and on ' Youth and Age.' i >n the who!:, in the light of a
contribution to sterling English literature, Mr. Secretau'n sermons are
worthy of our commendation."— Globe.
"Practical subjects, treated in an earnest and scn«ible manner, give
Mr. C. F. Secretan's Ser-,,on» preached in W e*tminster a higher value
than such volumes in general posses*. It deserves tnccess."— Guardian.
London: BELL at DALDY, 186, Flec(8ti\et, E. C.
. II. OCT. 25, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
321
LONDON, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1862.
CONTENTS. — NO. 43.
NOTES: — Pindar, Hallam, and Byron. 321 — Laceby
Parish Registers, 322 — Animal v. Vegetable Oils, 323 —
Elizabeth Lady Russell : Sir Thomas Posthumus Hoby,
321 — Family of Goolkyn, Gookin, or Gokin, Ib. — Kentish
Polk Lore.. 325 — Dudley of Russells Hall, Ib.
MINOR NOTES: — Adieu — Skedaddle — Anagrams — The
Steep Holm in the Bristol Channel — Cocytus — Poets,
326.
QUERIES : — The Written Tree of Thibet, 327 — Ballowe of
Norwich — Bells "in a Tune"— Butler of the Analogy
— George Condey — Death of Charles VIII. — Archibald
Dalziel — Inedited Poems by I)ante — Emblematical
Flowers — Ferencz — Friendly Societies — Homeric Theory
— "The Irish Hudibras" — " Journey Overland from the
Bank to Barnes" — London Churches — "Lydia" — Mil-
lennarian Balloons — Osborne of CJyst St. George — Ro-
bert Perceval, AJ.D. — Quotations Wanted, 328.
QUERIES WITH ANSWERS: — Esther Inglis: Samuel
Keilo — Delphic Oracles — Anonymous — Snip-suap-
snorum — Dr. Drake's Herodotus — Crosses, 330.
REPLIES : — Gabriel Naude, S32 — Letters in Heraldry, 333
— Arthur Rose: William Smith, 334 — Verelst — John
Healey — Archiepiscopal Mitre — Hackney — Anonymous :
"Pli-ader's Guide " — Baptismal Names — Coster festival
at H;iarlem — Oaths — Fylfot, Gammadion — Wycliffe and
Indulgences — Colberteen — Blackadder — Mrs. Cockle —
Worthy — Romance in Real Life — Palty's Sermon before
Pitt — Wilcox Family — Suggy — Bell Metal — Sackbut —
Burning of Moscow — Trouvaille — English Coinage — Re-
vocation of the Edict of Nantes — Fairfax of Deeping Gate
— Chrismatory, &c., 334.
Notes on Books, &c.
PINDAR, HALLAM, AND BYRON.
I doubt if a complete account of Byron's sar-
casm on Hallatn has ever been given : it is a very
fit subject for your pages.
The sarcasm is contained in a line of the Eng*
lish Sards and Scotch Recieiuers, —
" And classic Hallam, much renowned for Greek."
To which is appended the following note : —
" Mr. Hallam reviewed Payne Knight's Taste, and was
exceedingly severe on some Greek verses therein ; it was
not discovered that the lines were Pindar's till the press
rendered it impossible to cancel the critique, which still
stands an everlasting monument of Hallam's ingenuity.
.... If Mr. Hallam will tell me who did review it, the
real name shall find a place in the text, provided, never-
theless the said name be of two orthodox musical syl-
lables, and will come into the verse; till then, Hallam
must stand for want of a better."
The last part of the note refers to another re-
view. Bat for all that, the line quoted requires,
not indeed a better name than Hallam's, but a
worse : and there is a name of two orthodox mu-
sical syllables, the only one concerned which can
claim the context. That name is Byron : how it
happens I proceed to show.
Pindar (10th Nemean, verse 75, or 1-41, accord-
ing as the verses are long or short) has the follow-
ing:—
a 8e reyjuf Sdicpva, ffrovuXflls
<j>cavaffe.
If the first line were a clause by itself, it could
mean nothing but " moistening warm tears with
sighs (or groans)." This would be nonsense. A
gentleman may possibly moisten a sigh with a
tear ; though throwing salt en a bird's tail would
perhaps be easier. But the attempt to moisten a
tear with a sigh is right in the teeth of those
steady-going fundamentalities which we call the
laws of nature ; for any sigh, however slight, would
do its little percentage towards drying up any tear,
however large. But (nova.-x.dts refers to Qcavafff ;
and, by a little forcing of TeVytw, the like of which
is not unknown to less erratic Greeks than Pindar,
the passage means that " shedding warm tears he
cried out loud with groans "
Payne Knight gave some of his own Greek lines,
a translation of p;irt of Gray's Ode, beginning
" On a rock whose hoary brow." Byron must be
taken to have known that Pindar lived too early
to translate Gray : we cannot suppose that he
confounded Peter with the Boeotian. It was not,
therefore, very candid to say that "the lines"
were Pindar's. When Knight comes to "struck
the deep sorrows of his lyre," he shows his power
of sticking to his original by giving as the trans-
lation —
o(i\ov /j.e\os (pofifpu
/;6(8e (jxovz.
Here <f>oj8ep£ </><w$ cutsV-roraxa"? away from
and makes the first line break Nature's head in
manner and form as above. Hallam criticised
"the lines" in several of their epithets, guarding
himself by saying, as to one, that it might possibly
be a " critic trap," having some authority. He does
not criticise the Greek of the first line above
given : but he says it is nonsense ; and so it is.
Had he remembered every line of his Pindar, he
might have caught the travestie, and exposed it.
As it is, bis words are, " the twelfth line is non-
sense ; " and this is all he says about it. It is no
more true that the line is Pindar's than that
" We fought and conquered ere a sword was drawn,"
is Home's.
It has been doubted whether Hallam wrote the
article. I am quite sure he did, from its internal
evidence. His defenders, so far as I know them,
take " the line " to be Pindar's, not thinking it
worth while to look further. One of them admits
that Hallam's criticism has a rather ludicrous ap-
pearance. I should have stopped at the end of
the line, if a scholar of my acquaintance had not
suggested the propriety of reading on ; but I was
quite prepared to maintain, even against Pindar,
that the line, read as a clause, is nonsense.
A number of good retorts might have been made.
on Byron : a satirist should have no hole in his
coat; and he had many. In the note next but
three to the one quoted above, he says, in excuse
322
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[8"> S. II. OCT. 25, '02.
for inventing a goddess to save Jeffrey, that " the
gude neighbours (spirits of a pood disposition) re-
fused to extricate him." A very slight know-
ledge of Scottish mythology, far less than might
have been got from the notes to Scott's Poems,
would have taught him that the good neighbours
got the name just as the Furies got the name of
Eumenides, and in no other way.
A. DE MORGAN.
LACEBY PARISH REGISTERS.
I send some extracts from the above-named
registers, which go back as far as 1538. The list
of occasional preachers, and the licenses to eat
flesh, are taken from the churchwardens' n< count-
book. ,
" 1546. A WITCH WAS devoured in the Bounds of . he feilds
of Lacebye, and buried there the same c'ay.
[Query. What is the meaning of this entry ? Was she
baited with dogs?]
"1611. John , Somerstales, of Croxton, Clerke, and Jane
Harnesse, were married the xxiij day of August,
1641. Cum licencia."
In 1654-57, there are entries of no less than
twenty-four Puritan weddings, celebrated before
the justices of the peace.
" 1663. John Hunt, of Bradley, Clerk, and Elianor Beat-
niffe of this parish, widow, were married the xxvij
day of August, at Thornton Curtis. Cum licencia.
"1C64. John Humfrey, of Ruckland, Clerk, and Martha
Codd, daughter of Thomas Codd, of this Towne,
Clerk, were married here the 3d day of January.
P. licenciam.
Date. Preacher's Name. Who Ordained by.
1662, July 27. John Moore, of South Dr. Racket. B. of Lichfteld
Ferriby. and Coventry.
.Sept. 28. JeremuhVagyn.Rcc. john Williams, B. of Lin-
ofSkirbecke. coin.
, Dec. 1 «. Jo. Ham-is, Rec. of Acceptiu Lord Archb. of
Kirtun.co. Notting- York.
1669, June 27. Thos. Lambe, M.A., William (Fuller), B. of Lin-
Rec.of Healing. coin.
.July 26. John Greene, M.A. Jlumpherv, B. of Norwich.
, AUK. 15. Joshua Westeand, Cu- William, B. of Lincoln.
rate of Swallow.
1670, Sept. Si. Patrick Jackson. Thomas, B. of Orknay.
, Oct. 16. John Holmes, M.A. Gilbert. B. of London, and
licensed bv William, B. of
Bath and Wells.
.Dec. 18. Francis Beatniffe. B. c.fEly.
1670-1. Jan. 8. Henry Ward, M.A. B. of 1'eterborouch.
.March 5. J. Dennis Pepper, Archb. of York.
B.A.
1672, May 19. Wm. Wolfltt, LL.D.
, June 30. Timothy Wallls, M.A. Priest by Henry, B. of El-
phin. licensed by Gilbert,
Archb. of Cantnar, and
Richard. Archb. of York.
1674, July 12. J. Garthwaite, \ Priests by William Fuller, B.
.Sept. 6. Timothy Hammond. / of Lincoln.
1671, Sept. 27. Dennis Pepper, M.A.
Kec. of Roth well.
" Md that the xiiijth of October, 1G61, a licence to eat
flesh on fish dayes was granted by Thomas Codd, Rector
of the parish Church of Laceby, to Mr Theophilus Uarncis,
being weake, and visited w* a quartane Ague.
" And the xiiij"1 of Nouember, 1661, a like licence
was granted to him and to his wife, being weake and
great w"> child; and to bis sVant Mary Greene, then
also sore visited wth a quartane Ague.
" And the xxvij'b day of February, 1661 (1662), a like
licence was granted to the said MT. Harneis, being still
by reanon of the continuance of his qnartane ague ,
and to Francis his wife, then weake and lately delivered
of a child ; and his son Theophilu* Harneis, and his s'vant
Thomas Burton, then both sick of the weslinge ( ?) ; and
his servant Mary Greene, yet visited wth her Ague and
weake.
" RICHARD K i KMOND, Churchwarden."
What disease is meant by " weslinge," or " whcs-
linge" P I am not quite certain of the word.
The following list of the Rectors is written on
one leaf of the old Register. I have endeavoured
to arrange them in order. The present church is
what was formerly the chapel of St. Margaret :
the old church of St. Mary having entirely dis-
appeared. The entry which I have placed first
appears but fragmentary. I cannot, however,
upon careful examination, discover any traces of
further writing on the parchment : —
" Thomas ..... fuit psona de Lesseby.
" Eccl'iaSte Marie Virginia de Laceby, Anno Dili 1464,
in testamento J olios Wo wen de Thorpe.
" Capella Sle. Margarete Virginia.
" Dfts Johe* de Stretton fuit psona Eccl'ie de Layseby,
20 Aug., 1349, 24 Edw. 3.
" Johes Tredgold fuit psona de Layceby, 8 Maii, 8 Ric.
2, 1384, qui fuit psona de Brockles'by temppre con6r-
macois sexte partis eccl'ie illius Abbathie.de New-
shRm, quas quidem Abbatbia duas partes eiusdem eccl'ie
antea obtinuisset. Idem Johes Tredgold fuit psona do
Laysseby, 1367.
" Robertus Caweth fuit Rector de Laceby Anno xxvij9
(1448) R. Ilenr. Sexti et usque iuitiu regni R. llciir.
Septimi, vel de circiter 1485.
"Diio Ricus Butler fuit parochialis psbiter de Lacebv,
A« 12 Hen. 7, 1490.
" William Skerne, Parson of Laceby, was buried there
19 Jan., 1545; and was parson there 13 Apr., 19 Hen. 8,
1527.
" Robert Dalyson, Dr in Divinitie and Chaunter of
Lincoln Minster, was Parson of Laceby about Anno 5
Edw. 6, and until 8 Eliz. Reg., 1565.
" Thomas Stoninge was Parson of Laceby, Anno 1571.
" Dr. Whitgift Archbishop of Canturburv.
" Wm Bradely. A.M., Cambridge, buried" Oct 10, 1590.
" John Clark^ M.A., Oxford, buried Feb. 8, 1606.
" Thomas Rishwortb, M.A., Cant., buried Sept 7, 1632.
" Thomas Codd, M.A., Cant, ob. March 10, 1665.
" Steph'us Boynton, Clicus in Artib? Baccalaureus
psentatus fuit ad Rectoriam de Laceby p Anthonia Tho-
rold, et JohCm Cooper, Armiges veres vacone * Guardia-
nal. Belhelis Wrav, Baronetti, Lunatic!, ijs a dno Rege
comisso ejusdem Rectoris patronos, et admissus fuit ad
eandem p Beniamin Lany f Epiii Lincolniensis, 23 Maii,
1666, ac inductus fuit 28 die eiusdem Mensis. Obijt apud
Ulceby 13, et sepnltus fuit ibrri 16 die Februarij, Anno
Dm 1667, 20 Car. 2.
Wilts Potter, Clicus in artib3 Magister, Socius Col-
legij sci Johos in Cantabrigia psentatus fuit ad Rectoriam
de Laceby p serenissimu principem Carolum SeCdm
] Regem Anglie, et eiusdem Rectorie vacone Lunatici
Belhelis Wray, Baronetti, indubitatura pro ilia vice
patronu, et admissus fuit ad eandem p Witim Fuller,
Epm Lincolniensis, 24 die Marcij, 1667, 20 Car. 2.
" Lionellus Gatford, Clicus in artib3 Magister, psenta-.
tus fuit ad Rectoriam de Lacebv p Thomam Vic. Fenshaw
verum vacone Guardinal Bethelis Wray, Baronetti, Luna-
* Is vacone the true word? And what is its proper
meaning?
I Benjamin Lany, mistake for Lancy.
S. II. OCT. 25, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
323
tiei, do a cine Roge comissus eiusdem Rectorie patronus,
et admi-sus fuit ad eandeni p YVHim Fuller, Epm Liu-
cclniensis, ac inductus fuit, 29 Dec. 1670.
" Guil. Poplewell, A.B., de St. Andrews in Scotia, Hec-
tor Ecclesiie Parochialis de Lai:el>3'.
" Nicho Sye, A.B., Cantab , Rector.
<• Antonius Smythe, A.B., Cantab.
" Robertas Jan'ny, A.B., Cantab., 1686.
" Henricus Champanle, A.M., Trin. Coll. Cant., 19 June,
1696.
" Johannes Clark, A.M., St. Job., Cant., Prelector IIul-
lensis, 1727, ob. 17C8.
" John Beatnifte, A.B., Trin. Coll., Cant., 1768.
" Jonathan Winship, ob. Jan., 1783.
" Thomas Dixon, 1783, ob. dr. 1833."
W. T. T. D.
ANIMAL versus VEGETABLE OILS.
The ordinary chimney-pot hat is sometimes
accused of causing the premature baldness which
so frequently affects the children of men ; but if
Sir Francis Head be an authority on the poll —
forgive, blest shade of Johnson (?) — the modern
covering for the cranium cannot be guilty of
nearly all the mischief which is done ; but it must
in great measure be ascribed to the agency of
those many vegetable oils, which are so exten-
sively applied in the present day, "for strength-
ening and beautifying the hair." According to
the theory of the ingenious author of The Horse
and his Rider, the old-fashioned specific, olive oil
and rum, the long trusted castor-oil pomade, and
of course the new favourite glycerine, are all de-
lusions and snares, and must be banished from
our toilet tables ; unless we be content to find
ourselves in the condition of the venerable Uncle'
Ned of the song, who
— " had no wool on the top of his head,
In the place where the wool ought to grow."
Listen to Sir Francis Head (The Rome and his
Rider, p. 95) : —
" We all know that throughout our country, and in-
deed throughout the world, there are exposed for sale
two descriptions of oil : and as one of them is compressed
from vegetables, and the other obtained from animals,
without reflecting for a moment, it ought surely at once
to occur to everybody, that as all things were created
good ' according to their kind,' vegetable oil would not
prove 'good' for animal substances. And, accordingly,
every coachman and stableman concurs in testifying, on
their practical experience, that while animal oil mollifies
and preserves all descriptions of bridles and harness,
vegetable oil burns and destroys any leather it is applied
to, disfiguring as well as impairing it by deep cracks
crossing each other like network (declared in Johnson's
Dictionary to mean anything reticulated or decussated at
equal distances, with interstices between the intersec-
tions.)
" But just as the texture of linen is infinitely finer and
more beautiful than that of broadcloth or flannel, so is
vegetable oil cleaner and more inodorous than animal oil ;
for which reason the former, instead of the latter, is
almost invariably used by perfumers in concocting what
is sold by them as hair oil, which, when extracted from
almonds, olives, or any other vegetable substance, is,
although highly scented, exactly as injurious to the lian-
as it would be to harness: and thus, it is lamentable to
observe, young people blooming around us in all direc-
tions becoming prematurely bald-headed, and old ones
more or less rheumatic,* £c., from having bv their own
acts ami deeds, namely, by rubbing their "heads, and
clothing their bodies with the wrong substances, foolishly
deserted the animal kingdom to which they bel.ng to
go over to an alien, that, for the purposes for'whiuh they
seek its protection, is really their enemy."
Had the logic of the foregoing passage been
more worthy of the name, we, being ignorant of
chemistry, and not knowing what differences
animal and vegetable oils might present upon
analysis, should perhaps feel impelled to cast away
our castor oil pomade (unless the individual was
right who said it was obtained from the castor),
and to fly for aid to marrow, bear's grease, and
neat's-foot oil. But there is something in the
"good- according- to-their-kind" arguments, which
tempts us to go through the process of " reflect-
ing for a moment," — a process which is in the pre-
sent instance deemed unnecessary by Sir Francis
Head, but which has, nevertheless, led us to be-
lieve that his statements concerning the delin-
quencies of vegetable oils must be taken cum
grano sails.
Of course we should never think of disputing
the dictum of coachmen and stablemen, toxiching
the dire effects of vegetable oils on " bridles and
harness" (Qu. Are not bridles harness?); but
still, after all, the human hair may be " nothing
like leather," and the baldness of this generation
may not be attributable to its desertion of animal
oleaginous products for more cleanly and in-
odorous substitutes. We do not remember having
read that the Jewish cuticle became reticulated,
or indeed was deteriorated in any way, in conse-
quence of the applications of olive oil to which it
was subject ; on the contrary, one of the judg-
ments denounced by Moses against the disobedient
was —
" Thou shalt have olive trees throughout thy coasts,
but thon shalt not anoint thyself with the oil." — Deut.
xxviii. 40.
And Micah foretells the sinner of a later day,
that he must endure a like deprivation : —
" Thou shalt tread the olives, but thou shalt not anoint
thee with oil." — Micah, vi. 15.
Seeing then, that vegetable oil has been em-
ployed as a toilet requisite for so many centuries,
we would ask if it be really as injurious as Sir
F. B. Head would lead us to suppose. This may
not be a question calculated to interest " literary
men, artists, antiquaries, genealogists," &c. in
their learned capacities, but it is of vital import-
ance to them as human beings ; if, to quote the
* A word is here lacking which we cannot supply, as
we have not Sir F. B. Head's woik at hand, but are
copying from some rather illegible notes jotted down some
weeks since.
324
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"i S. II. OCT. 2.1, Y.i.
gushing periods of Rowland, they have any re-
gard for " the crowning ornament of the person,
the noblest appendage to manly symmetry and
strength, and the richest adornment of female
loveliness and beauty ! " ST. SWITH i N .
ELIZABETH LADY RUSSELL: SIR THOMAS
POSTHUMUS HOBY.
A paper signed W. H. K. in the Book of Days
(April 4) contains the following passage relative
to Elizabeth, one of the learned daughters of Sir
Anthony Cooke, and widow, first of Sir Thomas
Hoby, and afterwards of John Lord Russell : —
" There is a curious ghost story about Lady Russell.
She was buried at Bisham by the remains of her first
husband, Sir Thomas Hobby, and in the adjoining man-
sion still hangs her portrait, representing her in widow's
weeds, and with a very pale face. Her ghost, resembling
this portrait, is still supposed to haunt a certain cham-
ber, which is thus accounted for by local tradition. Lady
Russell had by her first husband a son, who, so unlike
herself, had a natural antipathy to every kind of learn-
ing, and such was his obstinate repugnance to learning to
write, that he would wilfully blot over his copy-books
in the most slovenly manner. This conduct so irritated
his refined and intellectual mother, that to cure him of
his propensity, she beat him again and again severely,
till at last she beat him to death. As a punishment for
her cruelty, she is now doomed to haunt the room where
the fatal catastrophe happened; and as her apparition
glides through the room it is always seen with a river
passing close before her, in which she is ever trying, but
in vain, to wash off the blood-stains of her son from her
hands. It is remarkable that about twenty years ago, in
altering a window shutter, a quantity of antique copy-
books were discovered pushed into the rubble between
the joists of the floor, and one of these books was so covered
with blots, that it fully answered the description in the
story.
" There is generally pome ground for an old tradition ;
and certain it is that Lady Russell had no comfort in her
son by her first husband. Her youngest son, a posthu-
mous child, especially caused her much trouble, and she
wrote to her brother-in-law. Lord Burleigh, for advice
how to treat him. This may have been the naughty
boy who was flogged to death by his mamma, though he
seems to have lived to near man's estate."
The youngest son by her first husband, a post-
humous child, could be no other than Sir Thomas
Fosthumus Hoby of Hackness in Yorkshire,
sometime one of the council of the north, and
M.P. successively for Appleby, Scarborough, and
Ripon. Not only did he live to near man's estate,
but till Dec. 30, 1640, when (as his father died
July 30, 1566), he must have been about seventy-
four. The inscription on his monument in Hack-
ness church states that he was in his seventieth
year, but in that respect it must be inaccurate ;
and it may be observed, that the monument was
erected more than forty years after his death.
^ The inscription terms him a very learned nnd
pious man ; and, as some proof of his learning,
the epitaph on his wife, which is ulso in Hackuess
church, concludes with a Latin couplet to which
his name is subscribed.
It may be noted as curious that he gave Hack-
ness to Sir John Sydenham, who was also a post-
humous child. C. H. & THOMPSON COOPEE.
Cambridge.
FAMILY OF GOOLKYN, GOOKIN, OR GOKIN.
The following letter, dated September 29th
last, has just reached me from Boston, U.S. I
suppress the name of my correspondent (who was
previously unknown to me), but give publicity to
his letter nnd to my reply to it, for two reasons :
first, as affording an instance (though hardly
needed) of the great value of " N. & Q." in all
such cases ; and, secondly, with a view to procure
information for my correspondent from other
sources.
The letter is in these terms : —
" Noticing your interest in the antiquities' of Bekes-
bourne (see "X. & Q." June 7th, 1862, 3"» S. i. 448), I
beg leave to ask your attention in your researches to the
name of Gokin or Gookin in your locality. By a pedigree
published in Berry's Kent Genealogies, it appears that
Thomas Gokin of Bekesborne (son of Arnold), bad by his
wife Durant, a son John Gokin, who married Catherine,
daughter of William Denne of Kingston, who died at
Bekesborne, 1588, testate. His will is at Canterbury.
"Supposing Thomas Gokin to be contemporary with
William Denne, who died 1588 — their children inter-
marrying— entries of the name in the Parish Register of
Baptisms, Marriages, and Deaths would be fouud before
and after (say) 1550.
" If, in your examinations, you should find the name
Gokin, however spelled, in the parish records, in inscrip-
tions in the church or churchyard, in deeds, leases, or
local history, will you be pleased to note them for me?
"The pedigree in Berry does not locate ArnoM Gokin.
He may have been of Bekesbourne, but my impression is
that the family originated at Canterbury."
I have had much pleasure in examining the
registers of Bekesbourne parish, which go back,
however, only to the year 1558, in which ta-k 1 was
assisted by our vicar, the Rev. George Taswell.
Our search gives the following results : — " John
Goolkyn and Catheryn Denne" were married
here October 28th, 1566 ; and on the same day
were also married " John Sanders and Jhoane
Goolken."
These two, John and Joan, were doubtless
brother and sister, children of "Thomas Gookin,"
who appears to have been a nocus homo at Bekes-
bourne.
On August 28 in the following year, 15G7, \* the
baptism of " Anne Golkyn," who may be looked
on as the daughter of the John and Catherine
married in October, 1566.
I find no further entries of either births or mar-
riages; but on Februury 15th, 1580-1, is the
burial of " Amy, wife of Thomas Goolkyn," seem-
ingly the parents of the John and Joan, uianied
iu 1566, — Amy's maiden family name, as would
S. II. OCT. 25, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
325
appear from my correspondent's statement, having
been "Durant;" and on August 29th, 1598, the
burial of " Sybbell, wife of Thomas Goolkyn," as
if he had married and buried a second wife.
On June 14th, 1599, is the burial of " Thomas
Gookin " himself.
There were no burials whatever at Bekes-
bourne in the year 1588. Nor do I know of any
other memorial of the family in the parish regis-
ters, in the church or churchyard, or elsewhere. .
CHARLES BEKE.
Bekesbournc.
KENTISH FOLK LORE.
I beg to send you an item of folk lore in rela-
tion to witches in the county of Kent.
In a certain hollow or " bottom " not many
miles from Sevenoaks lived an old woman (now
deceased), who had the local reputation of being
a witch, and who could, according to the vulgar
belief, convert herself into a hare at will. Her
cottage had a drain- hole or aperture in one of its
outer walls, through which hole the so-called
witch used to pass when she had metamorphosed
herself into a " puss." A relation of mine was
lately told by the daughter of this old woman,
that the power of witchcraft had been transmitted
through her family for several generations by
means of " the parchment," which I assume to
have been a kind of demoniacal charter. A
neighbour of this witch told me, in all sober
seriousness, that he — being a burly blacksmith —
was once affected by her. His story ran thus :
He, when a boy, met the witch on a particular
occasion, and called after her jeeringly, where-
upon she threatened him in vague terms After-
wards, in the course of the day on which this
event happened, he was engaged in a meadow
turning newly cut grass for hay, but every time
he turned it over it spontaneously resumed its
first position. After performing his fruitless la-
bours for a short time, he became very giddy, and
then tried to leave the field, but he was so both-
ered that he could not do so until the bewitch-
ment was stopped by his enemy — the old woman.
Another man who had known her told my rela-
tive that she had once prophetically said to him
that he should not reach a certain place on a cer-
tain day, and sure enough he did not, for he was
driven under a tree by a storm on his way ; and
there, in the whirl and bustle of the sky, he saw
the witch with some others taking aerial flights
round the tree. Amongst the neighbours of the
old woman was a matronly housewife, who is now
living, and who lately told some member's of my
family that she did not believe there was any
harm in this locally famed person, who was an
eccentric, quiet dame ; but the informant could
say this, viz., that she was one day walking with
the old woman along a road, and when they parted
company she said to the informant that she would
presently be asked for a pin by some young wo-
men whom she would meet at a certain named
place ; but she was strictly enjoined by the witch
not to give them the required article. The in-
formant did meet the young women at the stated
place, and they did ask her for a pin, which cir-
cumstance struck the informant as being very
curious, — that was all she could say.
These are the things which are told in 1862 at
a place distant not more than thirty miles from
the International Exhibition. Surely there are
antipodes in this mortal life !
EDWARD J. WOOD.
DUDLEY OF RUSSELLS HALL.
The following account of a branch of the
powerful house of Sutton-Dudley, Barons of
Dudley Castle, derived from original deeds, should,
I think, for the benefit of future inquirers, who
may not know where to look for information, be
preserved in the columns of " N. & Q." The
" aspiring blood " of Plantagenet seems to have
indeed " sunk into the ground " in this instance : —
John Dudley of Russells Hall, near Dudley,
gent., died circa 1 723, intestate and s. p., seised of
considerable landed property at Russells, and at
Feckenham, co. Worcester. His wife Katharine,
described in 1724 as Katharine Sutton, alias Dud-
ley, widow, remarried William Winter, whom she
also survived, as in 1727 she is described as
" widow of Wm. Winter." On the death of the
said John Dudley, intestate, his property reverted
to the descendants of Thomas Dudley, his grand-
father.
This Thomas (besides the father * of John, the
intestate,) had issue five daughters, coheirs to
their nephew John, viz.: — 1. Margaret, wife of
Thomas Boucher, alias Butcher of Newport, co.
Salop, apothecary ; 2. Anna, living 1723, a widow,
and " very far advanced in years," wife of ....
Parkes ; 3. Priscilla, wife of .... Hand (widow,
1724, dead in 1727 ; 4. Eleanor, widow of ....
Attwood of Dudley in 1724, dead in 1726 ; and
5. Elizabeth, wife of Edward Marsh of Dudley,
lime-man, both dead in 1724.
Anna Parkes had issue Thomas Parkes, of the
borough of Southwark, shoemaker, "eldest son
and heir," who appears to have died s. p. ; and
Judith, wife of Benjamin Linton of Bilston, baker.
Their son and " heir apparent " was Thomas Lin-
ton.
Priscilla Hand had issue — 1. Thomas Hand of
Dudley, cooper, whose wife's name was Mary ; 2.
Ann of Dudley, spinster, 1724; 3. Mary of Dud-
ley, spinster, 1724 ; 4. Sarah, wife of William
* This person's Christian name does not occur.
326
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. U.T. 25, 'U->.
Butler of Dailaston, and Lad Sarah, Elizabeth,
and Jnuies.
Eleanor Attwond left issue a son (name not
mentioned), whose children were — 1. Edward of
Dudley, locksmith, came of age circa 1726 ; his
wife Klizabeth was living 1727; 2. Mary Attwood,
wife of Samuel Green way of Dudley "cole carrier"
1725 ; 3. Hannah, and fourth Elizabeth, wife of
James.
Elizabeth Marsh had issue, Edward Marsh,
whose wife's name was Margaret.
In 1727, Richard Kidson of Kinver, cooper,
and Mary his wife, aud William Willis and Ann
his wife, released their right to one-third of one-
fifth of Russells Hall estate. These two ladies
were no doubt the two daughters of Priscilla
Hand, described as spinsters in 1724.
The whole of the property of John Dudley
came (by mortgage and purchase, &c.) into the
hands of Thos. linden of Wolverhatnpton, gent.,
and Robert Greisbrook of Shenstone, gent., from
whom it was purchased by Ferdinando Dudley
Lee, Lord Dudley, and is now the property of his
representative, Ferd. D. Lea Smith, Esq. of Hales
Owen Grange. The old hall has been long since
demolished, and its site occupied by coalpits and
iron furnaces.
These Dudleys of Russell's Hall descended from
Geffrey Sutton, alias Dudley, second son of Ed- j
ward Lord Dudley (d. 1531), who was seventh in
descent from Edmund of Woodstock, son of Ed-
ward I., of whom he was a co-representative, and
consequently entitled to quarter the royal arms of
Flantagenet. This Geffrey married Eleanor,*
daughter of Sir Gilbert Talbot, Knt. (of the
Shrewsbury family), by whom he had issue a son |
Thomas Dudley of Russells, and Catharine, wife
of Simon Dickenson of Bradley. The next of the
family I have met with is another Geffrey of Rus-
sells, who married at Tipton, 1611, Elizabeth,
natural daughter of Edward Lord Dudley, and
sister of Dudd Dudley, the ironmaster (Vis. of :
Staffordshire, 1663.) This last-named Geffrey
was perhaps father of the Thomas Dudley above-
named.
There is another family of Dudley still extant j
(who bear a chevron between three lions' heads
erased f), who were formerly of the Green House,
Tipton. Thomas Dudley of Tipton, or Tybbington,
married Catharine Dudley, sister of Geffrey Dud-
ley's wife ( Visitation, 1 663, ut supra.) Some further
particulars of this branch are to be found in
Shaw's History of Staffordshire, ii. 136; and j
Erdeswicke'i J Survey. H. S. G. |
• Adlard's Sutton Dudley* of England, and will of
Talbot quoted in Collins.
t These are the same arms as the Clopton Dudleys.
J "In the sume lordship is the ancient seat of a gen-
tleman that beareth the surname of Dudley, (who as I
take it) descends paternally from the Somerie Lords of
ftaits.
AUIEU. — I venture, through the medium of your
valuable columns, to commend to the attention of
Dr. Trench the following suggestion as to the
derivation of the word " Adieu," as being prefer-
able, in my opinion, to the idea generally received,
that it is an abbreviation of the term Je nous re-
commando d Dieu. The modern Greek, in quitting
the presence of a superior, asks his leave to go
away, saying, Zifrw -r^v &btult> trov — I ask your
leave. The same custom prevails in Ceylon. A
Cingalese gentleman, on rising to quit a room,
courteously says, if he speaks English, " I take
your leave," not " I take my leave." Surely it is
as natural that we should have received this mode
of expression from the East of Europe, or even
from India, as from France. At all events, if I
have not shown that Adieu is derived from the
Greek 'Aotio to the satisfaction of etymologists, I
venture to think I have given an explanation of
the expression " I take my leave of you," which
has not hitherto been noticed. G. L.
SKEDADDLE. — The following Note, sent by Lord
Hill to The Times (Monday, Oct. 13, 1862, p. 10,
col. 3), shows that one Americanism at least is of
British origin : —
" To the Editor of1 The Times.'
" Sir, — Your correspondent, in an article upon the Ame-
rican war, tells the public that the war has brought to
the surface, and added to the American vocabulary, a
new word, viz. ' skedaddle.'
" My object in writing this note is to correct the above
error. Skedaddle is a word commonly used ill Dumfries-
shire, my native home. To skedaddle, means to spill in
small quantities any liquids. For instance, a person car-
rying two pails of milk, — jabbling and spilling the milk
right and left — would be skedaddling the milk. An in-
terested observer would cry at once : • You blind buzzard,
don't you see you arc skedaddling all that milk I ' The
same word applies to coals, potatoes, or apples, and other
substances falling from a cart in travelling from one place
to another. But skedaddle does not apply to bodies of
men scattered, under any circumstances, either in peace
or in war. The Americans totally misapply the word.
" It is not their invention, of that you may rest perfectly
assured Yours faithfully,
" Dartford, Oct. 9. Hux."
Kingsley, in his Westward Ho ! makes the
Devonshire men use to for at; if other British
dialects were compared with the American, some
corroborations and corrections might be made in
the claims to relationship made between counties
here and districts there.
A comparison of dialects might do the same for
the Saxon emigrations from this island to Ireland ;
at any rate, the tendency of English and Scotch
pronunciation in the seventeenth century could
be traced, although locally affected by the Irish
brogue. " Sowl," " lay," " shillings a-piece," and
Dudley, for he beareth blue, a chevron between 3 lions'
heads erased, gold." — Harwood'g Erdetwicke, p. 272.
3'd S. II. OCT. 25, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
327
the like, can be heard in our districts still, or
found with the same peculiar spelling or rhyme in
old English books. S. F. CRESWELL, M.A.
The School, Durham.
ANAGRAMS. — In the First Series of "N. & Q."
several anagrams appeared ; I send two quaint
specimens that I have lately met with : —
" ' And, Joseph, though thy sufferings be most great ;
Yet thinke upon the letters of thy name:
Which being inverted, bring some comfort yet,
For (Hope is) is (Joseph), his anagramme.'
Sir F. Hubert's Egypt's Favorite, 3rd Part, 34.
" There was then given him an anagram of his name
as then he was to write himselfe, which he made good
ever after, viz. James Meath, I am the same. He did not
now slack in the constancy of preaching; but, as Possi-
donius of St. Augustine, was still the same, and bound
himselfe the rather to it by the motto of his episcopal
seal — ' Vae mihi si non Evangelizavero ' — which he con-
tinued in the seale of his primacy also." — Bernard's Life
of Usher, p. 52.
E. H. A.
THE STEEP HOLM IN THE BRISTOL CHANNEL. —
The following description of this island is copied
from an Account Book of the Manor of Norton
Beauchamp for the year 1625 : —
" THE STIPE HOLMES.
" There is belongeinge to the Manour one little Hand,
called Stipe Holmes; beinge West from Norton Beau-
champ 7 or 8 miles into the Sea called Seaverne, the
which cent, by estimacon xxiiij acres; whereuppon
groweth nothinge but a certen kinde of small fuell called
Privett Elder, and a kinde of wilde garlicke, esteemed to
be of noe more value then the cuttinge or carrieinge
awaip, nor yet that.
" There be also within the said Hand certen graie
Coinies, to the nomber of xx or xxx copies by estimac,
but of noe value ; because, by experience had of them,
they be so fedd with garlicke, privet, and elder (grasse
lackeinge), that they do saver of the garlicke and privet
in eatinge. And there is in the West side of the said
Islande one little Springe of freshe water, never drie, but
not to be gone unto without some danger; because it is
in the side of the Islande, between the Sea and the
highest of the Ilande.
" Item, there breedeth yerelie within the said Ilande
Gulls and some Pewetts, and some other kinde of Sea
Fowles, but of smale nomber and value; but there
breedeth and cometh to good comonlie, of Gulls 16 or
20 dozen, sometymes more and sometymes lesse; but
they must be watched from thend of Julie to tbend of
August b3' 2 men.
" Item, there is to the same noe Entrance in but in
two places onlie ; the other parts be a hundred faddum
of height and more, and impossible to enter unto it. The
same to be rented may be worthe a yere the commoditie
of the Gulls, valued at 20*. a dozen as the plentie or
scantie is. But the chardges must be taken out of that
monie for the Watchemen.
" The Comoditie of the Pewetts is of noe value, be-
cause there be few or none at all to be accounted of."
C.' J. P.
COCYTCS. — Sir Walter Scott, in his Life of
Napoleon (vol. i. c. 1), after describing the dis-
solute and licentious life of the Regent Duke of
Orleans and his associates, proceeds thus ; —
" From this filthy Cocytus flowed those streams of im-
purity which disgraced France during the reign of
Louis XV. ; and which, notwithstanding the example of
a prince who was himself a model of domestic virtue,
continued in that of Louis XVI. to infect society, morals,
and, above all, literature."
Cocytus, the river of Hades, is described by
Virgil and Horace as black : —
" Quos circum limus niger et deformis arundo
Cocyti." Georg. IV. 478.
" Cocvtusque sinu labens intern" uit atro."
JEn. vi. 132.
" Visendus ater flumine languido
Cocytus errans." Carm. ii. 14.
It i?, however, difficult to see what connexion
this river of lamentations can have with the con-
text in the passage of Walter Scott. Perhaps there
is some confusion with the goddess Cotytto : —
" Talia secreta coluerunt orgia tffida
Cecropiam soliti Baptae lassare Cotytto."
Juven. ii. 91.
L.
POETS. — What unpoetical offices some of our
poets seem to have found it necessary to accept, in
order, we may presume, to live! Thus, on Sept.
18, 1716, Nicholas Howe, Poet Laureat, was made
a land surveyor of the Customs ; and on his death,
Dec. 6, 1718, he is noticed as also holding the
office of Clerk of the Presentations to the Lord
Chancellor. Greoffry Chaucer was Clerk of the
Works at Windsor Castle fora few months. Wil-
liam Congreve, though not a Poet Laureat, was
one of the four Patent Searchers in the Port of
London, and Secretary to the Islnnd of Jamaica,
at his death, Jan. 19, 1729. Perhaps other lite-
rary men holding posts having equally little re-
ference to their natural pursuits, may be known.
W. P.
THE WRITTEN TREE OF THIBET.
It exists among the chronicles of Eastern Thi-
bet, that when the mother of Isong-Kaba, one of
their famous Lamas, and the reformer of the
Buddhist religion (about the middle of the four-
teenth century), cut off his long flowing hair, as a
preparation for his devoting himself at the age of
three to a religious life, she threw it outside the
tent, and it spi'ang up into a tree, " the wood of
which dispensed an exquisite perfume around,
and each leaf of which bore engraved on its sur-
face a character in the sacred language of
Thibet." The tree still exists at Kounboum-
Lamasery, and is thus referred to by the intrepid
French Lazarist Missionaries, MM. Hue and
Gaber, who penetrated thus far in pursuit of their
sacred mission : —
"The tribe of Amodo, previously obscure, and of n«
importance whatever, has, since the reformation of
328
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. OCT. 25, '62.
Buddhism, acquired a prodigious celebrity. The mountain
at the foot of which Isong-Kaba was born became a
famous place of pilgrimage. Lamas assembled there
from all parts to build their cells, and thua by degrees
wan formed that flourishing Lamasery, the fame of which
extends to the remotest confines of Tartary.
"It is called Kounboum, from two Thibetian words, sig-
nifying'ten thousand images,' and having allusion to the
tree which, according to the legend, sprang from Isong-
Kaba's hair, and bears a Thibetian character *n each of
its leaves. It will here be naturally expected that we
say something about this tree itself. Does it exist?
Have we seen it? Has it any peculiar attributes? All
these questions our readers are entitled to put to us.
We will endeavour to answer as categorically .as pos-
sible.
"Yes, this tree does exist, and we had heard of it too
often during our journey not to feel somewhat enger to
visit it. At the foot of the mountain on which the La-
masery stands, and not far from the principal Buddhist
temple is a great square enclosure formed by brick walls.
Upon entering this we were able to examine at leisure
the marvellous tree, some of the branches of which had
already manifested themselves above the wall. Our
eyes were first directed with earnest curiosity to the
leaves; and we were filled with an absolute consterna-
tion of astonishment at finding that in point of fact, there
were upon each of the leaves, well-formed Thibetian
characters, all of a green colour — some darker, some
lighter than the leaf itself. Our first impression was a
suspicion of fraud on the part of the Lamas ; but, after a
minute examination of every detail, we could not disco-
ver the least deception. The characters all appeared to be
portions of the leaf itself, equally with its veins and
nerves; the position was not the same in all: in one leaf
they would be at the top of the leaf, in another in the
middle, in a third at the base or at the side. The younger
leaves represented the characters only in a partial state
of formation. The bark of the tree and its branches,
which resemble that of the plane-tree, are also covered
with these characters. When you remove a piece of old
bark, the young bark under it exhibits the indistinct
outlines of characters in a germinating state : and, what
is very singular, these new characters are not unfrequently
different from those which they replace. We examined
every thing with the closest attention, in order to de-
tect some trace of trickery, but we could discern nothing
of the sort; and the persoiration absolutely trickled
down our faces under the influence of the sensations which
this most amazing spectacle created. More profound in-
tellects than ours may, perhaps, be able to supply a satis-
factory explanation of the mysteries of this singular
tree ; but, as to us, we altogether give it up. Our readers
may possibly smile at our ignorance, but we care not, so
• hat the sincerity and truth of our statement be not sus-
pected. The tree of the Ten Thousand Images seemed
to us of great age. Its trunk, which three men could
scarcely embrace with outstretched arms, is not more
than eight feet high. The branches, instead of shooting
up, spread out in the shape of a plume of feathers, and
are extremely bushy ; few of them are dead. The leaves
are always green, and the bark, which is of a reddish
tint, has an exquisite odour, something like that of cinna-
mon. The Lamas informed us that in summer, towards
the eighth moon, the tree produces large red flowers of
an extremely beautiful character. They informed us
also that there nowhere exists such another tree; that
many attempts have been made in various Lamaseries of
Tartary and Thibet to propagate it by seeds and cuttings,
but that nil these attempts have been fruitless." *
* Trnrrh in Tarfary, T/iihft, and China durinrj the
M. Hue adds that the Emperor Kbang-Hi,
when on a pilgrimage to Kounboum, constructed,
at his own private expense, a dome of silver over
the tree. He supplies a figure representing the
tree as in the description, with this dome over it,
and a leaf with the Thibetian characters.
Unfortunately neither M. Hue nor his fellow-
traveller were naturalists, but their credibility and
undeviating veracity is unquestionable ; and it is
difficult to suppose, intimately acquainted as they
were with the Tbibetian character, that they
could be deceived even by such finished rogues
and artists as the neighbouring inhabitants are.
They resided for some time in this Lamasery or
monastery.
Though explainable by no law or phenomena
in vegetable physiology, possibly some of your
readers of " profounder intellect than ours,1' may
unravel this very curious theologico- botanical sub-
ject. This was only about seventeen years ago.
Could specimens not be got ? The whole matter
would form an excellent prize subject for some of
the academies and learned societies. B.
BALLOWE OF NORWICH. — I shall be plad of
any particulars of this family with which your
correspondents may be able to favour me.
In Warburton's London (ed. 1749), the follow-
ing arms are assigned to Henry Ballowe, Esq. of
St James's, Westminster, son of Henry Ballowe
of Norwich: Azure, a star of eight points wavy,
or, between three keys argent. C. J. R.
BKLLS " IN A TUNE." — Stow, describing St.
Bartholomew's Church, in Smithfield, says (p. 381,
which is mispaged 388, edit. 1603) : —
" This church having in the bell Tower sixe Belles in
a tune, those bels wero sold to the parish of Saint Se-
pulchre," &c.
This was at the surrender of the monastery,
1540. What can be meant by this expression,
" in a tune "? Could it have been one of the first
steps to change-ringing ; which, as is well known,
is peculiar to England, and the origin of which is
unknown ? An account of the method of ringing
bells in South Europe is given in 2nd S. vii. 76 ;
and was probably the custom here in early times.
When came the alteration, and how did change-
ringing come into vogue P In Elizabeth's days it
seems to have been a fashionable amusement.
A. A.
Poets' Corner.
BUTLER, OF THE ANALOGY. — Dr. Williams, in
his review of Bunsen, contained in the volume
called Essays and Reviews says : —
" Butler foresaw the possibility that every Prophecy of
Years 1844, 1845, and 1846, by M. Hue. Translated from
the French by W. Hazlitt, vol. ii. pp. 52, 53, and 54.
3"i S. II. OCT. 25, '62.]
NOTES AND QUEKIES.
329
the Old Testament might have its elucidation in contem-
poraneous history."
Where does Butler say this ? A. B.
GEORGE CONDEY. — Can any of .your readers
give me any account of George Comiey, who was
author of Camillas, a tragedy, published about
1837 ? Was the author a native of Scotland ?
ELL
DEATH OP CHARLES VIII. — Can any reader,
happening to be in Paris, verify the letters patent
January 29, 1497, cited in the first volume of
the Bulletin du Comite Historique, p. 168, which
says that they are letters patent of Louis XII.
And at the same time it might be convenient to
ascertain, on good authority, the date of tlie death
of Charles Vllf., fixed generally April 7, 1498,
but mentioned in the Autres Nouvelles Chnmiques
Addition ees a Monstrelet as April 12, 1496, in the
margin 1497, and on the next page 1498.
J. W. PAP WORTH.
ARCHIBALD DALZIEL. — Archibald Dalziel, the
Governor of Cape Coast Castle in 1762, and au-
thor of a History of Dahomey (London, 1792, 4to),
had a brother Andrew, M.A., F.R.S., &c., Profes-
sor at Edinburgh (who married and had issue) ;
and an aunt, Elizabeth Dalziel, who, about 1739,
married an Alexander Burt. Is anything known
of his ancestors, and was he connected with the
Dalziels, Earl of Carnwath ?
I may mention that he was distantly related to
an Archibald Dalziel, consul at Stockholm, and
afterwards at Port Mahon. WALTER RYE.
King's Road, Chelsea, S.W.
INEDITED POEMS BY DANTE. — In Murray's
Handbook for Travellers in Northern Italy, edition
of 1860 (p. 275), I find the following statement
regarding Verona : " The Biblioteca Capitolare
also contains inedited poems by Dante." Can
this be true ? I should imagine not. What is
the authority, and what is known about the
poems ? W. M. ROSETTI.
EMBLEMATICAL FLOWERS. — Bernard, De Pas-
sione Dom., has the following : — " The violet of
humility, the lily of chastity, the rose of patience,
the saffron of abstinence" I wish to know why
the rose is here made an emblem of patience, and
the saffron of abstinence ? S. B.
FERENCZ. — Is this word Romany, or what ; and
what does it signify ? It occurs in a letter from
the great pianist Liszt to a former gipsy pupil of
his, Jozsi ; the latter had married, and unto him
a child was born, of which he apprised Liszt, who
in answering him says : " I will especially love
the Ferencz" The two letters are in the Athe-
nceum of Sept. 20. JAMES KNOWLES.
FRIENDLY SOCIETIES. — Will any correspondent
of " N. & Q." kindly oblige me with references to
published Reports, &c., of Friendly Societies, as
well in the United States of America as in this
country, showing the mortality of their members,
the immediate causes of it, their ages, occupations,
&c. ; and more particularly the names, and similar
returns of those societies that admit teetotallers
only ? Any information bearing upon the above
subject, the result of independent inquiries, will
add to my obligation.
H. G. SCTTON, M.B., LOND.
5, Walter's Buildings, Holloway, N.
HOMERIC THEORY. — The wild notion that the
Iliad and Odyssey are collected fragments, and
not the work of one great poet, is, I believe, uni-
versally abandoned by Homeric scholars ; but I
am desirous to trace back its history. Though
brought to its climax by Wolf, it had been va-
guely indicated by former writers. Reference to
any of them will oblige S. S.
" THE IRISH HTJDIBRAS." — Who was the author
of The Irish Hudibras (8vo, London, 1689), which
did not escape the notice of the late Lord Ma-
caulay ? In Lowndes' Bibliographer's Manual
(Bohn's edit., vol. ii. p. 779), it is attributed to
James Farewell; while, in an interesting paper
by no mean authority, Surgeon Wilde, of Dub-
lin, on " The Introduction and the Time of the
general Use of the Potato in Ireland, and its
various Failures since that Period," in the Pro-
ceedings of the Royal Irish Academy (vol. vi.
p. 361), we may read the following words : —
" It is stated in Durfey's Irish Hudibras, published in
the May of that year [1689], and in which the esculent
is frequently referred to, that after the arrival of Wil-
liam III,, the natives are said to have been prevented
enjoying their Banniclabber [thick milk] and pottados."
Of course, I do not refer to William Moffet's
more recent publication. ABHBA.
" JOURNEY OVERLAND FROM THE BANK TO
BARNES." — Who was the author of the clever little
book bearing this alliterative title ? It was pub-
lished in 1829. Its full titlepage I forbear from
quoting, but fully two thirds of the work is occu-
pied by a distinct paper, entitled, " A Model for a
Magazine, being the Product of the Author's So-
journ at the Village of Barnes during five rainy
Days," and a very humorous " Model " it is.
H. C. INDEX.
LONDON CHURCHES. — A few days since I heard
it asserted, that the churches that were built to
replace those destroyed in the great fire of London
have all black tops to their steeples, and that the
dome of St. Paul's is black, to make it as one of
the rebuilt. I can find no authority to support
this statement. Can you tell me if such be the
fact? M. A.T.
Great Yarmouth.
"LYDIA." — Can any one inform me who is
the author otLydia, or Conversion, a sacred drama.
830
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"»S. II. OCT. 25, '62.
1835, by .1 clergyman of the Church of England?
It is inscribed to the Jews. R. I.
MILLENNARIAN BALLOONS. — In the current
number of the Journal of Sacred Literature, in an
able paper on prophecy, occurs the following sen-
tence : —
"They [Millennarian writers] have even invented
balloons for the conveyance of all nations to worship at
Jerusalem in the latter days. For the same purpose they
have dried up the Mediterranean, and made railways
from all parts of the world to the Holy City."
What millennarian expositors have published
such views as these ? D.
OSBORNE OF CLTST ST. GEORGE. — I shall be
much obliged to any reader of " N. & Q." who can
throw any light on the. extraordinary virtues of
llichard Oiborne, Esq., as they are recorded on
his monument in this parish church : —
" RICARDUS OSBORNE, ARMIGER.
" Per antiqua prosapia oriundus, aniino tamen qnam atirpe
Clarior, H. S. E.
'•' Vir ad omnia prsertim optima quaeq: comparatus, pie-
tatis, virtutis, Justitise cultor pertinacismui, pauperum
patronus Cle'ri fautor, Studiosis™"1 singular! ingenio,
eruditione baud vulgar!, moribus sanctissimis pnc'litus;
nemini nocuisse parum reputans, maximas autem opes
profuisse multis, quern probi omnes, docti omnes amavere,
suspexere vel improbi. Summa prudential fide, integritate
Irenarchaj functus innncre; sed neq: minore applausu
militarem, quam civitatem, ornavit provinciam.
"Obiit (non sine maerore publico) v. Id. Sep1 A.I>.
MD.CCV. ictatis suaj LII. nupt. IX. Cal: Jan: 1680."
The above is on a richly ornamented marble
tablet, over which is a white marble bust of the
esquire. On another tablet below is the follow-
ing:—
" Vir agri Devoniensis decus et deliciaa. Quantus in
ilium extiterit patrise amor, Quanta in illius patriam pie-
tas, Res sacra; civilesque abunde perhibent. Divinis se
Mime oblectavit, quibus obsequendo factus est doctior
senibus. At quorsum hsec? Cum Sebaj regina dicendum
de sapientia Regis sapientissimi, nc dimidium hujusce
indicatum famam superantis, nam nil nisi vita ejus ad-
instar tantum virum depingere possit. Hoc tamen quale
quale, picntissimi amoris ergo eiigi curavit
"Conjux mcestissima.
" Underneath lie the Remains of Bridget, Relict of the
abovenamed Richard Osborne, Esq. who left this life in
hopes of a better, the 18 day of Feb. 1738. She was the
chearful donor of twenty pounds towards the Communion
plate of this Church." "
The arms over the bust are quarterly— arg. and
az. ; in the 1st and 4th quarter, an ermine spot,
on a cross engrailed, or.
The family lived at Kenniford, and their names
appear in the registers from 1581 to the death of
Bridget, the relict of the esquire ; but they are
not sufficient for a full pedigree. One Richard, a
son of Edward Osborne, was baptised 1585. Ken-
niford, though now a farm-house, has all the ap-
pearance of a gentleman's residence in days gone
by. H. T. ELLACOMBE.
Clyst St. George, Devon.
ROBERT PERCEVAL, M.D. — Where may I find
any biographical particulars of the late Doctor
Perceval, who was for many years an eminent
physician in the city of Dublin ? ABHB v.
QUOTATIONS WANTED. —
1. "Tola trahit series ex turpi fine pudorem."
2. "Tu quovis caro carior e*to tibi."
3. " Cui non suffecerat orbis,
Sufficit exciaa defossa ex cespite terra
Quiiique pedum fabricata."
These lines are different from those in Lucan's
Pharsalid) on Pompey's death. O. B.
" Ubi tres medici ibi duo athei."
J. WOODWARD.
Where are the following lines to be found ? I
fancy I met with them in The Courier in the early
part of this century : —
CIVIL ADVANTAGES.
"Come, take my advice, never trouble your cranium,
When civil advantages are to be gained."
W. H. OVERALL.
Wanted the words of a military song of the
Long War. The last stanza is as follows: —
"The French are coming with a fresh supply,
And swear they'll drink Old England dry ;
Let them come, those Frogs of France,
And we will teach them how to dance."
A CONSTANT READER.
Who says, and where ?
"Nullum animal superstitioso, rudi praesertim, morosius
cst, aut major! arte tractandum."
F.
Where does Synesius say, —
TavTTi Kal ri> <j.f^5oj o<f>eA.»j tlvtu rlOt^M Si/jute, nal
f3\a§tpbv T^V o\/)0eioj' TO« OVK Iffxvoviriv iva-rfviffan
irpbs TT)V ruv orrwv Ivapytiav. F.
" Procul armis et discordia civium."
c.
&urrte£ to(tt)
ESTHER INGLIS : SAMUEL KELT.O (3rd S. ii. 46,
97.) — I have nothing to communicate about the
register of the burial of the first ; but I enclose
a copy (relating to Samuel Kello, her son,) from
the register of Spexhall. Walker mentions only
(without date) that he was among the ejected
ministers: —
" Samuel Kello, of Spexhall, in the countie afores.,
Clarke, being chosen by the Inhabitants of Spexhall
aforesd, was sworne Register of the said towne, according
to the late Act of Parliament, dated 24th of August, 1653,
and was accordingly nllowe.l by me, this 16 Day of
February, 1653.— SAM. HAWF.TBEE."
In the same register is also the following en-
try :—
" Famuel Kello, A.M., Rector of the Parish Church of
Spexhall, was buried the 9th Day of December, 1680.
" VV. NUTIIALL, Curate."
Can you inform me— 1. When he was ejected ?
3rd S. II. OCT. 25, 'G2.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
331
2. Whether restored ? 3. What was the office of
"Register"?
In the same register, under date of 1620, is the
first record of his name as rector : —
" SAMUEL KKLLO, Ecclesite de Spexall.
" SAMUEL JOHNSON, Minister Ecclesiae de Spexall."
O. L. G.
[As neither Walker nor the ^church register has given
any particulars of the ejectment of Samuel Kello from the
rectory of Spexhall, it admits of a doubt whether he is to
be included among the " Suffering Clergy." Farther,
no intruder into this living is mentioned by Calamy
among his ejected ministers, and it is clear that Samuel
Kello was incumbent at the time of his death. His son,
Mr. Samuel Kello, was sword-bearer of Norwich, and
died April 4, 1709, leaving a son of his own names, who
was living in London, Sept. 16, 1711. (Biographical
Mirrour, iii. 52.) The choice of a Registrar by the Act,
anno 1653, cap. 6, was vested in the inhabitants of each
parish, who was sworn and approved by a Justice of the
Peace. The registrar's duty was to enter into a book all
birtbs, marriages, and burials. See Scobell's Acts and
Ordinances of Parliament, fol. 1658.]
DELPHIC ORACLES. — At what time did they
cease ? Juvenal, who lived and probably wrote
temp. Domitian (A.D. 81 to 96), dying temp.
Adrian (A.D. 128), says in his Sixth Satire :
" Dixerit Astrologus, credent a, fonte relatum
Ammonis, quoniam Delphis oracula cessant;
Et genus humanum damnat caligo futuri."
F.
[That the oracles were silenced about or soon after the
time of Our Saviour's advent, may be proved, says Dr.
Leland in the first volume of his work on The Necessity
and Advantages of Revelation, Sfc., from express testi-
monies, not only of Christian, but of heathen authors.
Lucan, who wrote his Pharsalia in the reign of Nero,
scarcely thirty years after Our Lord's Crucifixion, laments
it as one of the greatest misfortunes of that age, that the
Delphic oracle, which he represents as one of the
choicest gifts of the gods, was become silent : —
" Non ullo saecula dono
Nostracarent majore Deum, quam Delphica Sedes
Quod sileat." — Pharsal. v. 111.
Lucian says, that when he was at Delphi, the oracle gave
no answer, nor was the priestess inspired. (Phalaris Oper.
torn, i.) Porphyry, in a passage used from him by Euse-
bius (Prcep. Evang. lib. v. c. 1) says, " the city of Rome
was overrun with sickness, ^Esculapius and the rest of the
gods having withdrawn their converse with men ; be-
cause since Jesus began to be worshipped, no man had
received any public help or benefit from the gods."
Milton, in his " Ode on the Morning of Christ's Nati-
vity," also alludes to the cessation of oracles at the com-
ing of Christ. But, after all, this has been a much con-
troverted point, as it appears from the edicts of the
emperors Theodosius, Gratian, and Valentinian, that
oracles existed, and were occasionally at least consulted
till so late as A.D. 358. About that period they entirely
ceased, though for several centuries previously they had
sunk very low in public estimation. Consult Rees's Cy-
clopaedia and Penny Cyclop&dia, art. Oracles, and the
works quoted in the latter.]
ANONYMOUS.— In a work entitled A Tour in
Quest of Genealogy through several Parts of Wales,
Somersetshire, and Wiltshire, by a Barrister, 8vo,
1811, I find at p. 179, a description of some Sbak-
sperian MSS., Letters, &c., and several of the
letters are printed in the following pages. As I
cannot find that any notice has been taken of
these Letters, perhaps some of your readers could
give some information as to their authenticity.
W. H. OVERALL.
[The Tour in Quest of Genealogy, is one of the humor-
ous productions of Richard Fenton, Esq. of Glynamel,
the author of A Historical Tour through Pembroke-
shire, 4to, 1811. In the early part of his life he spent
much of his time in London whilst studying for the law,
and being a man of a lively and social "disposition, asso-
ciated with Goldsmith, Glover, Garrick, and other wits
of the age. As to the Shaksperian documents, &c., they
must be added to the categories of Ireland's forgeries.
Fenton was also the author of another anonymous work,
Memoirs of an Old Wig, 8vo, 1815, full of humour and life.
He died in November, 1821.]
SNIP-SNAP-SNORUM. — I should be glad to know
from one of your correspondents the meaning of
this word or these words ; and if it be the name
of a game, how it is played ? P. H. F.
[Snip-snap-?norum is a round game at cards played
with counters, and a pool. A pack of cards is dealt out
to the players. The first player lays down, exposed to
view, any card he pleases, say a knave of any suit. If
his left-hand neighbour has a knave of another suit, he
lays it down, f.nd says " Snip," the first player has then
to" forfeit one counter. If the left-hand neighbour of the
second player should have another knave, he lays it
down, and says " Snap ; " the second player then forfeits
two counters. If the left-hand neighbour of the third
player has a knave, he lays it down, saying " Snorum ; "
and the third pla3rer forfeits four counters. Should the
neighbour of the first player not have a knave, he plays
any card he pleases, and exposes himself to the chance
of being " Snipped " by his neighbour. After all the
cards are laid down, a fresh deal commences. As each
player has only a definite number of counters, the party
becomes gradually reduced, and the person who is the
last to possess a counter wins the pool.]
DR. DRAKE'S HERODOTUS. — In 1707 James
Drake, M.D., died at Westminster, leaving behind
him a manuscript translation of Herodotus. Has
this MS. ever been published? Is it still in exist-
ence ? J. C. LINDSAY.
St. Paul, Minnesota.
[Dr. James Drake's translation of Herodotus was not
published, undoubtedly owing, as conjectured by Dr.
Kippis (Biographia Britannica, v. 358) to Mr. Littlcbury's
excellent translation, published in the year 1709, 2 vols.
8vo. For some notices of Dr. Drake, see p. 250 of the
present volume of " N. & Q."J
CROSSES. — I know that there are at least six
different kinds of crosses; viz. Latin, Maltese,
Irish, Cornish, St. Andrew's, and Trigrade ; and
wish to know how many more there are, and what
are their respective shapes. I have heard of an
Antique and a Greek one, but do not know whe-
ther such exist. CANTAB.
[For extended notices of the different varieties of
crosses, our correspondent may consult Didron's Christian
Iconography, translated by E. J. Millington, edit. 1851,
i. 374 — 405; and Berry's Encyclopaedia Heraldica,vo\, 5.]
332
NOTES AND QUERIES.
,3'J S. II. OCT. 25, '62.
ft (fife*.
GABRIEL NADDE.
(3rd S. ii. 273.)
Scarcely had I despatched my Query concern-
ing Naude", when, by turning up Watt (where,
however, I had hardly expected to find anything
about a book so thoroughly mystified as his Coups
dE'tat\ I was pretty well enabled to answer my
own question. The matter being rather curious
in itself, and somewhat apposite as regards the
recent Bicentenary of St. Bartholomew, I never-
theless let it go without recall. Naude" turns out
to have been the celebrated bibliographer of that
name. There is no evidence of his having been
a Jesuit — save and except his Jesuitical vindica-
tion of the Massacre of St. Bartholomew ; in
illustration of which, I feel surprised that his
Coups (TE'tat should not have been more con-
sulted during the bicentenary proceedings of the
12th of August la.*t. The book was given to me
as a curious Jesuitical book ; and I must have
set it down as the work of a Jesuit accordingly !
Although it is a very different thing — a literary
forgery. The signature, " Bouchard & Rome,"
attached to the complimentary poem, is neces-
sarily a fiction : for Watt says that Rome, in this
case, means (as in another case now-a-days) sim-
ply Paris. Only, happening to possess a book
plate of the Bouchard family (crest, an elephant,)
on another volume, I fancied I could have traced
that name. Naude produced more than one curi-
ous book. The list ia not long, and it ia remark-
able enough for citation : —
1. " La Marfore, on Discours centre les Libelles." Paris,
1620.
2. "Instruction a la France snr la Verite' de la Histoire
des Freres de la Rose Croix." Paris, 1 623.
[In this work he considers the Rosicrucians as im-
postors.]
3. "Apologie pour les Grands Homines SoupQonnds de
Magie." 1625.
[This is one of his most curious works, Englished by
J. Da vies, 1657. It probably explains the allusion, "le
natnrel des grands," quoted in my original Query.]
4. " Avis pour dresser une Bibliotheqne." Paris, 1627.
[An excellent little work, reprinted with Louis Jacob's
Traitd des plus belles Bibliotheques, 1644; and, these con-
joined, probably the original or foundation of the little
English 12mo, 1739, inquired after in " N. & Q." (3rd S,
ii. p. 273), under the head of " Foreign Libraries."]
5. " A Latin harangue on the Origin and Dignity of the
Medical School at Paris, delivered at the Admis-
sion of a licentiate." Paris, 1628.
6. " Addition a 1'Histoire de Louis XI." Paris, 1630.
7. " Consideration^) Politique(s) sur les Coups d'E'tat,"
par G. N. P. Rome, t. e. Paris, 1639, 4to. (My
small French edition is in 12mo.)
[This work is, it seems, renowned for its vindication of
the massacre of St. Bartholomew. It was Englished by
Dr. King, London, 1711, 8vo.]
8. « Bibliographia Politica." Ven., 1633; Leyden, 1642.
[A learned work, not very correct.]
9. « Hieronymi Cardani Vita." Paris, 1643.
10. " Jueement He tout re que a e'te' imprime' contre le
Cardinal M;i/..irin depuis Jan. 6, jusqu* an 1 Avril,
1649." Paris, 1649.
[A curious work of great rarity, sometimes called
Mntcurat, as containing a dialogue between St. Ang<s a
librarian (t. e. Naude)> *nd Mascurat, a printer («. e.
Camusat ]
11. " Avis a Nosseigneurs du Parlement gnr la Vente de
la Bibliotheque du Cardinal Mazarin." London,
1652.
12. "Instructions concerning erecting a Library; inter-
preted by John Evelyn, Esquire." London, 1661.
13. " Nundaana et Patiniana." Paris, 1701.
[In which are many of his sentiments, and come par-
ticulars of his history." The printer ouggpsta" Nandwana."
The reading is highly probable; but it is not that of the
Bibliotheca Britannic i.~\
His justification of the St. Bartholomew Mas-
sacre is exactly what we might expect. History
is ransacked for great slaughters, with some of
which it weighs aa nothing : 20,000 Jews in one
day ; 1,902.000 barbarians by Csesar, in his foreign
wars ; a still larger number by Pompey. And so
on, down to the atrocities of the Spaniards in the
New World. The doctrinary justification, which
is too long and too absurd to foreshadow, is backed
up by a maxim of Crassus, quoted from the
annals of Tacitus : " Habet aliquid ex iniquo
omne magnum exemplum, quod contra singulos
utilitate publica rependit." Oh yes, two blacks
make a white ; do evil, therefore, that good may
come. SHOLTO MACDCIT.
Two excellent notices of Gabriel Naude" exist :
the first by the late Mr. Charles Labitte, in the
Revue des Deux Mondtt for August 15, 1836 ; the
other by Mr. Sainte-Beuve, in his Pin-traits Lit-
teraires, vol. ii. pp. 458—502. See also, Alfred
Francklin's Histoire de la Bibliotheque Mazarine,
12mo, Paris, Aubry, 1860.
Allow me, at the same time, to correct a slight
mistake committed by your correspondent * in
" N. & Q." (3rd S. ii. 249, article on " John Lock-
man "). Chaulieu was not born at Fontenay-le-
Comte, as * supposes ; but at Fontenay-en- Vexin,
or, as it is usually called, Fontenay-aux-Roses —
a small town near Paris. G. MASSON.
Harrow.
It is honourable to the Jesuits that any priest of
the seventeenth century who showed great learn-
ing and diligence both, hnd a good chance of being
set down as one of the order. But neither Moreri,
who calls him " Chanoine de Verdun, et Prieur
d'Artige en Limosin," nor any other whom I can
consult, makes him a Jesuit. He was born in
1600, and died in 1653, and was successively libra-
rian to the Cardinals de Bagni, Ant. Barberini,
Mazarin ; and then to Christina of Sweden. He
had much fame for his knowledge of books ; but
he is now best known by his Apologie pour tous
let grands Personnages qui ont este faussement
S. II. OCT. 26, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
333
soupqonnez de Magie. If we are to judge by the
edition before me (Hague, 1653), having no mark
of being a reprint, it must be the author's last
work ; but it by his neat little envoi, it must be
one of the first.
« Jntactaa virtutis opus, juvenisque laborem
Excipite illustres animse, doctique parentes
Nominis et Genii, ne postera t-aecula credant
Et vos in Magicis pariter peccasse susurris."
Take, as a contrast, a specimen of the nonsense
with which, after the fashion of the day, he al-
lowed his friends to deface his book. Hear James
Jouvin, M.D., —
" Dutn Magica doctos homines defendis ab arte
Non sapis inde Magum ; sed sapis inde Magus."
No one I know of the time mentions the tract
on the Coups d'Estat. Brunet says that the
original edition (1639) has Rome in the title, but
was printed at Paris : he also says that the story
of the twelve copies is very doubtful. He names a
Dutch edition of 1667, a Strasbourg of 1673, and
one of 1752. A. DE MOKGAN.
LETTERS IN HERALDRY.
(3rd S. ii. 166, 219, 276.)
The following foreign examples have occurred
to me since I sent my first reply : —
The book, supported by the winged lion, in the
arms of Venice, is charged with the words : " PAX
TJBI MARGE EVANGELISTA MEDS."
Gu. a cross, between four Bs or, are the arms
of Constantinople. Some take these to be fusils
(the steel instrument used in striking a light with
a flint), as in the collar of the order of the Golden
Fleece.
Chifflet, Insignia Gentilitia Equitum Velleris
Aurei, blazons this coat : " Gueulles a la croix
plaine d'or, cantonnee de quatre fusils ou B Grecs,
adossez de mesmes."
Triers, Einleitung zu der Wapenkunst (p. 741),
says: "Andere sagen, es seyn vier Feuer-Eisen.
Diejenigen welche es vor Buchstaben halten, ma-
chen diese Erklarung davon; BatriXews Ba(nAe'«j>, das
ist, der Kb'nig der Kbnige welcher iiber die Konige
herrschet." Brianville, Jeu (TArmoiries (p. 90),
takes them for Bs, and explains them : " Bo<n;uuy
BaaiXfwc 'Ba<n\evwv Ba<n\fv<n, I. e. Rex Regum
regnans super reges."
The Barons von Bazendorff bear, in the centre
of their arms, an escutcheon : Arg. on a mount, a
tree vert, pressed down by a column in fess gu.,
in chief, the words "PRESSA RESURGO."
The arms of Nankowski are : Or, a pelican in
its piety ; round the base of the shield, the words
"PRO REGE ET GREGE CHRISTIANO."
The von Startzhansen of Bavaria, bear, Sa. on a
fess arg. the word ' Itrfi ' or. •
The religious order of the Humiles bore for
arms : " Az. on a mount vert, a lamb arg. ; from
its mouth a ribbon gu., charged with the words,
" VINCIT OMNIA HTJMILITAS."
The Celestins bear : Az. a long cross, round the
foot of which is twisted the letter S ar£.
The order of St. Anthony bore : Or, a cross
Tau, az.
The order of the Hermits of St. Augustine, in
Tuscany, bore : Arg. on 'a mount, between two
trees vert, a long cross, round the foot of which is
twisted the letter S.
The Servites, another religious order, bore:
"D'azur a un S, et un M de fleurons entrelassez
d'or, dont nait une plante de lys a sept branches
et autant de fleurs au naturel."
The abbey of Rhein, in Styria, bears : Az. a
Gothic letter CD, ducally crowned or, the centre
stem being in the form of a cross, and cantoned
with the letters A, R, I, A ; makinsr, with the
great letter, the name of the blessed Virgin.
The abbey of Lamprecht, in Styria, bears : Az.
the letter L or.
The abbey of Neuberg, bore : Az. a long cross
botonnee fitchee ; round the stem of which is
twisted the Gothic letter N, or.
The family of Von Gastel, bear : Sa. on a mount
vert, a patriarchal cross or cantoned with, in chief,
the letters A, M ; and in base, C, E.
The> family of Trappen, at Hamburg, bear:
Arg. a bird close, in its beak a gem ring or in
chief, the letters M, G, H, of the last.
' The fess in the arms of the Hamburg family of
Germers is charged with the letters C, I, A, M, T.
The arms of the Swabian family of Von Hen-
dorff are : Quarterly 1 and 4, gu. an eagle dis-
played arg. ; 2 and 3, per pale arg. and gu., in
the last three Ns in pale sa.
Per fess gu. and nrg., in the first the letter N of
the last, are those of die Kladrubsker.
Die Hannolden, of Franconia, bear : Az. two
Vs interlaced or ; the lower one being reversed.
The arms of Die Meyer are : Quarterly 1 and 4,
or, the Gothic letter 00 sa. ; 2 and 3, gu. a vol
arg. And gu. the letter © arg. are the arms of
Seyboldt of Nurenberg.
The Austrian family, Die Tausend, bear : Per
fess, arg. and gu., a gryphon issuant of the second ;
and in base, the letter M of the first, in allusion
to the name.
Die Aichelberger, in the same country, bear,
Per pale, first, sa. the letter L or ; second, per fess
arg. and gu. an oak sprig or.
The arms of the Swiss family of die Reding are
quarterly 1 and 4, gu. and letter R arg. 2 and 3,
or. a laurel sprig vert.
The base of the arms of Matheoni is : Arg. a
W gu. And the fess, in the arms of Borlasca is :
Az. a cross, between four Bs, or.
Per fess, gu. and arg., the letter B, are the
arms of Braun.
334
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'<» S. II. OCT. 25, '62.
Per fess, or and arg. in chief, a crane, and in
base the letter X, are the arms of Die Cran. And,
per fess, arg. and gu., a letter X counter-changed,
those of Die Creutzer.
The letter Y occurs in the arms of Pirckmayer,
and sa. the letter Z arg. are the arms of the Sile-
sian family of die Komantzky.
Or, a W sa., in chief a sprig of ( ?) vert,
are the arms of the Hamburg family of Die Wet-
ken. And a golden W is one of the charges in
those of the family of Walter, at Rotenburg; it is
also one of the charges in the arms of the city of
Breslau.
In the arms of De Passis, are four Ps in fess.
A cypher of two Es appears in the arms of the
Tburingian family, Von Hagen. And the letters
S, M, in cypher in those of Schneider and Schoup-
pen, of Frankfort/
The Franconian family of Die Jungen, charge
the second and third quarters of their arms with
the figure 3. And the arms of Die Treu, are :
Sa. a lion ramp, crowned, and holding the figure
3 or, surtout on a bend arg. three hearts gu.
Cardinal Fechs bore the imperial arms of France,
with, on the thunderbolt, an oval medallion arg.,
charged with the letter F. JOHN WOODWARD.
New Shoreham.
If I mistake not the Regius Professor of He-
brew at Cambridge bears the letter ri as his offi-
cial arms. I write from memory, since the coat
is not mentioned in Burke's Armory. A5.
he is mentioned as having exerted himself success-
fully to protect the citizens from the soldiers of
Prince Charles, who then occupied the town.
This he effected through his intimacy with many
of their leaders.
I cannot help thinking that MR. CARMICHAEL' g
supposition that William Smyth may have been
twice married, must be correct, for I am under
the impression that he had at least two other sons
besides James of Aitherny ; viz. William and John,
both in the church, though from the wandering
life he seems to have led at that stormy period,
I have not been able to find evidence of their
birth. Can MR. CARMICHAEL kindly inform me
where he was in the years 1695-1700? I am
also anxious to have the dates and places of birth
of James of Aithernie's daughter. I have searched
the registers of Perth in vain, and also the regis-
ters of the parish of Largo, Fifeshire, in which
Aitherny is situated. I find on looking over
Lyon'a History of Saint Andrew's, that it is not there
that George Smithe, Esq. is quoted as an autho-
rity on Archbishop Rose, but I have certainly seen
it somewhere, unfortunately I cannot remember
where. But the fact of there being a gentleman of the
name descended from the archbishop strengthens
my idea that William Smyth married a daughter
of Archbishop Rose, and that male descendants of
this marriage still survive, a fact I am very anxious
to establish. DACTTL (2. e.)
ARTHUR ROSE: WILLIAM SMYTH.
(3rd S. i. 518.)
I trust MR. CARMICHAEL will excuse me for
being so long in replying to his Query, but there
were good reasons for the delay. I have no au-
thority but Douglas for saying that William
Smyth married a daughter of Archbishop Arthur
Rose. I am of opinion that it is much more pro-
bable that it was Bishop Aitkin's daughter that he
married. The following facts seem to prove it.
Bishop Aitkin was the son of Henry Aitkin, Com-
missioner of Orkney, and was born in Kirkwall.
William Smyth's father and brother own land in
the neighbourhood. Again, in 1680, when Aitkin
is Bishop of Moray, I find " Maister William
Smyth, brother gerinan to Patrick Smyth of
Braco," seized in lands near Fortrose, the cathe-
dral town. The following particulars relating
to William and his son James may interest MR.
CARMICHAEL.
In Wilson's Presbytery of Perth I find William
Smyth ordained minister of Mone'lie in 1678. In
1710, he is proceeded against by the Presbytery
for intruding himself on Methven Parish. In
vol. ii. of The Mimes' Threnodie, I find Mr. James
Smyth, baillie of Perth in 1715 ; ogam, in 1745,
VERELST (l§t S. ix. 148.) — Jo. Verelst, the
painter, was an artist of some celebrity in his day.
He died March 7, 1734 (Vide Gent. Mag., iv.
164). He lived at the Rainbow and Dove, by Ivy
Bridge, in the Strand, and painted the four Indian
princes (vide Gazette, 4693), for which he waa
paid 107Z. 10*. — Enrollment Book, xv. 36.
" Whereas an advert, was published on Monday last,
that the effigies of 4 Indian princes were drawn from Mr.
Verelst's original pictures, these are to give notice, that
Mr. Verelst has not permitted any person to uk-? .1
draught or sketch from them ; if he should, he will take
care, to have it done by a skilful hand, and inform the
publick thereof in the Gazette. John Verelst, at the
Rainbow and Dove, by Ivy Bridge, in the Strand."
I have little doubt but that he was one of the
family of the other Verelsts, of pictorial celebrity.
C. HOPPER.
JOHN HEALEY (3rd S. ii. 203.) — In addition to
the translation of Cebes, be was the author of a
Discovery of a New World ; or, a Description of
South Irtdies hitherto unknown, by an English Mer-
cury, Lond. n. d. It is a singular and humorous
version of Bishop Hall's Mundus alter et idem.
John Healey was matriculated as a sizar of Em-
manuel College, Dec. 10, 1586, being then only
twelve years old, and proceeded B.A. 1590-1.
We suspect that he is identical with John Healey.
3rd S. II. OCT. 25, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
335
alias Vavasour, who was in custody at; York in
March 1605-6, charged with complicity in the
Gunpowder Plot. He is called servant to Lance-
lot Carnaby ; and in one of his examinations stales
that he was converted to the Roman Catholic
religion at Florence, by Wiseman, an English
capuchin. (See Green's Cal. Dom. State I'apers,
Ja. /., i. 295, 299, 301, 310-313.) Any informa-
tion respecting him will be acceptable to
C. H. & THOMPSON COOPER.
Cambridge.
ARCHIEPISCOPAL MITRE (3rd S. ii. p. 238.) —
Your correspondent will oblige by giving the
name of the Archbishop, whose figure is repre-
sented in Bristol Cathedral ; or the period of the
painting ? Without this information, the anti-
quity of the authority cannot be judged of. P.
HACKNEY (3rd S. ii. 297.) — The derivation
given by L. is the obvious and probable one.
But a word mny arise from two different sources.
See the case in favour of alarm (1st S. ii. 252) :
and we know that our old word buss, a large box
or boat, has come in recently as an abbreviative
corruption of omnibus ; and, more curious still, as
meaning a large box (on wheels). Now it has
been said, but I forget where, though I have seen
it in more places than one, that the hackney coaches
derive their name from the village of Hackney.
This was sure to be said, whether or no : but such
things are sometimes truly said. It may be asked
then, which was the derivation ? and this is an
historical question of about 1625.* M.
ANONYMOUS : " PLEADER'S GUIDE " (3rd S. ii.
288.) — John Anstey, the son of Christopher An-
stey, the humorous author of the New Bath
Guide, has always been the reputed author of the
Pleaders Guide ; but, as it was thought unusual
for father and son to have the same vein of
humour, and as the Pleaders Guide appeared
during the father's lifetime, it has been shrewdly
suspected that the father had more to do with the
authorship than the son. It was, I believe, the
son's only effort of the kind. My edition is the
fifth, Cadell and Davies, 1808. R. W.
BAPTISMAL NAMES (3rd S. ii. 209.) — I suppose
we derive these names from the Puritans. Mercy,
Faith, Fortune, Honour, Virtue, — all are within
[* The "historical question" extends much farther
back than 1625. Rymer's additional MSS. contain an
article upon Hackneys and Hackney-men (Donat. MSS.,
v. p 18, dated Jan. 5, 19 Rich. II.). It sets forth that Re-
ginald Shrewesbury and others, of Southwark, Dartford,
Rochester, and other towns between London and Dover,
•were hackney-men ; that the hire of a hackney from bouth-
wark to Rochester was sixteen pence. An order is also
issued, that in future the hire of a hackney from South-
wark to Rochester should be twelve pence. Ash derives
the term hackney from the old British hacnai, to ride ;
but Pegge, more correctly, from haquenee, cheval de
louage. See Archteologia, xx. 96. — ED.]
my knowledge. Also Alethe, Protbesa, Euphro-
syne, Kezia, Keturah, Mehehabel, Malvina, Me-
linda, Sabrina, Alpina, Oriana. I have heard of
a servant Dalilah, and saw the marriage of Anne
Menelaus in The Times. While reading Blome-
field's Norfolk, I was struck with the changes that
took place in baptismal names in early times, even
in the same family. Also I found that surnames
proceeded from baptismal names, often with slight
modifications ; I mean from feminine names. I
began to make notes of these things, but found
the subject was in better hands. I also began a
list of surnames, which, having been translated and
re-translated, had retained somewhat of their
meaning, but wholly changed their form ; and
also of those which had slipped away from both
spelling and meaning. Thus, the name for which
I was searching, " Kyneste, alias Kersal," has set-
tled into Kindersley, which hitherto we had sup-
posed to be Dutch. Pole underwent strange
changes ; and Meadows was formerly Meadhouse,
suggestive of Saxon extraction. I think the
topic is not exhausted : the /act of translation and
re-translation bears upon our national history, as
showing the powers then in the ascendant.
While on this subject, I mentioned that the
great Turenne bore the name of Marie, and I think
was not the only male of his family who did so.
F. C. B.
COSTER FESTIVAL AT HAARLEM (3rd S. ii. 237.)
The play which M. E. saw at Bordeaux in 1852
was —
" L'lmagler de Harlem, ou la Dtcouverte de Vlmpri-
merie, Drame-Legende en 5 actes et 10 Tableaux, do
MM. Mery et Ge'rard de Nerval. Represent^ pour la
premiere fois a Pari.*, sur le Theatre de la Porte-Saint-
Martin, le 27 Decembre, 1851. Paris, 1851.
I believe the success was great, and if we trust
the title-page, the sale must have been rapid, as
it says " nouvelle edition." It is an imitation, but
by no means a servile one, of Faust. The part of
Aspasia is beautifully worked out, and so much
wit and imagination are seldom found in Porte-
Saint-Martin drama. The scene in which Satan
relieves the difficulties of the Emperor of Austria,
by applying the new invention of printing to the
creation of" a paper currency is very good, and
applicable to present events. Perhaps the highest
praise I can give, is to say that I have read the
play twice, and expect to read it again.
FlTZHOPKINS.
Paris.
OATHS (1" S. viii. 154 ; 3rd S. ii. 292.) —The
following fact may be taken as at least curious,
and therefore, perhaps is entitled to preservation
in "N. &'Q." Some time ago I was present in
the Liverpool Borough Police Court, and my at-
tention was drawn to two Chinese sailors, both of
whom spoke English tolerably well. They had
336
NOTES AND QUERIES.
S. 11. OCT. 25, '62/
been robbed of some property, and were prose-
cuting the thief. Although, as remarked, they
spoke English plain enough, and appeared intel-
ligent, a lawyer, who attended for the accused
party, raised an objection to their being sworn, as
they could not satisfy the magistrate as to their
religious belief. The proceedings then were at a
stand, and the lawyer called on the magistrate to
discharge the prisoner, as there was no c«ise proved
against him. This was about to be done, when a
police-officer stepped forward, and said (addres-
sing the bench)— "I will soon settle it all." The
magistrate asked him if he spoke Chinese?
He replied he did not, but he would find out
what religion the witness belonged to ; at the same
time taking the subject of the Celestial Empire by
the shoulder, and giving him a hearty shake, he
said in a loud voice, "Tell the magistrate whether
you are a Catholic or a Christian ? " This strange
query caused a roar of laughter in the court.
Yet, notwithstanding its apparent ludicrous-
ness, it elicited the information required, for Mr.
John Chinaman promptly replied, " I am a Catho-
lic;" and on further investigation it turned out
that he was a member of the Roman Catholic
church, and of course he was then sworn in the
usual way on the New Testament. I may remark
that, previous to the above elucidation which was
Caused by the officer, it was proposed by some
one in court that the way in which the Chinese
took an oath was by using a game cock instead of
a book, and then cutting the head off the animal ;
and another party said that a Chinese saucer was
the proper thing to use, and then break it. The
two latter modes are popularly believed to be
correct. Why so ? . S. REDMOND.
Liverpool.
FYLFOT, GAMMADION (3rd S. ii. 285.) — The
monogram inquired after by A. R. is considered
by Lord Broughton, in his illustrations of the 4th
canto of Childe Harold, stanza clxxiv. p. 341, as
denoting the hammer or battle-axe of Thor, the
Scandinavian god. He gives copies of many varia-
tions, six from medals bearing also the figure of
Thor, and others from Runic monuments or in-
scriptions. He also gives figures of more compli-
cated forms from the vases of Alba Longa, &c.
With respect to his allusion to the connexion of
the Scandinavians with Italy, Sir W. Betham in
his Etrurio-Celtica, figures an Etruscan coin,
with the symbol upon it, Etruscan Coins, vol. ii.
pi. 33, fig. 3. See also Arch&ologia, vol. xxx. ;
" Mason's Marks," pi. 10; No. 157, "On Roman
Altars, Risingham;" and No. 136, "Cologne Ca-
thedral." J. BLADON.
Albion House, Pont-y-Pool,
WTCLIFFE AND INDULGENCES (3rd S. ii. 286.)
Wycliffe was not the first who opposed indul-
gences publicly. They were denied by the Wal-
denses two centuries before his time. He is said
to have tauglit among the Bohemians, probably
because his writings were brought into Bohemia
by one of his disciples; and his doctrines liud
begun to spread in the University of Prague,
when they were condemned by the Archbishop
Sbinko in 1410, and afterwards in a council at
Rome by Pope John XX I II. in 1412. The
Council of Constance in 1415 condemned the fol-
lowing among forty-five propositions ol Wycliffe :
" Fatuum est credere indulgentiis Papas et Kpis-
coporum." (Caranzir, Summu Condi.) F. C. H.
COLBERTEEN (3rd S. ii. 192.) — I recollect this
lace BS worn for ruffles fifty years ago. The
ground was square and coarse, and it bad a fine
edge with a round mesh, on which the pattern was
woven. The ground was, I think, like what is
still called French ground. I suppose it was con-
sidered an inferior lace, as it was every-day wear.
F. C. B.
BLACKADDER (3rd S. ii. 285.) — A full statement
of the case of John Blackadder will be found in
the printed Memorial given into the Court of
Sessions in Scotland for the Duke of Hamilton
and others, pursuers (t. e. plaintiffs) in the great
Douglas Cause. It is too long to be quoted, but
copies of the Memorial arc easily accessible. See
pp. 8, 9, and 10 of it.
Blackadder's sentence for perjury appears in
the printed Acts of Sederunt of the same court,
under date January 8, 1736 : —
[They] " find that the said John Blackadder is a false
and perjured witness, and therefore appoint him to be
imprisoned in the Tolbooth of Edinburgh till the 21st
day of this instant month of January, and upon that
day to be taken to the Market Cross of Edinburgh, with
a paper on his forehead, with these words written on it —
'John Blackadder, for the crime of perjury/ and to have
his ear nailed to a post, and there to continue from eleven
to twelve o'clock in the forenoon, and thereafter to be set
at liberty; and they also declare the said John Blackad-
der to be infamous in all time coming, and ordain hia
linill moveable goods and gear to be escheat (forfeited),
and inbrought to his Majesty's use."
By the statute 7 Ann. 20, it had been enacted
that no person accused of a capital offence or
other crime in Scotland should suffer or be sub-
ject to any torture. Surely the spirit at least of
this enactment was outraged in Blackadder's case :
for to keep one standing for an hour, with his ear
nailed to a post, must have been torture of no
slight description. G.
Edinburgh.
I have a duodecimo pamphlet, entitled Extracts
from the Diary of Miss Elizabeth Blackadder,
afterwards Mrs. Young, to which is added a Letter
from her Husband, Sfc. (Edinburgh, W. Oliphant,
1824), which affords some little information re-
specting the family of the lady. If your corre-
spondent 2. 0. has not this production already, I
3rd S. II. Ocr. 25, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
337
will gladly lend it to him for a short time ; and,
therefore, enclose my card of address. M. D.
MKS. COCKLE (2nd S. vii. 393.) — This lady was
the daughter of a Mr. Roop of Ipswich, and was
probably born about 1780. She married Mr.
Cockle, a gentleman of easy circumstances in
Suffolk ; but in consequence of his ill-treatment
she left him, and maintained herself as a gover-
ness during the remainder of her life. She lived
in many families in the north of England, but
ultimately died in that of Dr. Burney at Green-
wich, about 1836. She was the authoress of
Female Studies, and other educational works, also
contributed poetry to periodicals ; and is said to
have versified the translations from Portuguese in
the Life of Camoens, by the late J. Adamson,
Esq. W. M. M.
WORTHY (3rd S. ii. 276.) — As one of your cor-
respondents cannot call to mind a single instance
of worthy as the termination of the name of a
place, in any other part of England than the
north-west corner of Devon, allow me to remind
him of He&dbourne-worthy and Kings-worthy, in
Hampshire. The former memorable as the parish
of which Bingham was Rector, and where he wrote
the greater part of his celebrated work on the
Antiquities of the Christian Church. E. H. A.
ROMANCE IN REAL LIFE (3rd S. ii. 62, 135.) —
In reply to ME. GEORGE RAYSON, of Pulham —
who suggests that some correspondent of "N.& Q."
should search the Wroxton parish register for the
entry of the burial of the infant Lucy, daughter
of Francis, third Earl of Guilford, by his first
wife Lucy, daughter of the Earl Halifax — I beg
to say that I diligently searched the Wroxton
parish register, in the year 1840, for the entry
here mentioned", but did not find it ; in fact, it
was not there. I had no difficulty, however, in
finding the entry of the burial of the mother,
Lady Guilford — who was said to have died within
a few days either before or after her infant. It is
true there was a tablet in the church, the inscrip-
tion upon which stated that mother and child
were interred near the spot ; but, I repeat, the
parish register did not record the burial of the
infant. I have the strongest reasons for believing
that the entry in the peerage, and the statement
on the inscription, were both untrue.
THOS. THOMPSON.
Chronicle Office, Leicester.
PALEY'S SERMON BEFORE PITT (3rd S. ii. 307.) —
Your correspondent Ma. GEORGE LLOYD will find
the true version of the story in Stanhope's Life of
Pitt, vol. i. p. 205. It was not a sermon that was
ever preached, or that ever existed. It was an
after-dinner jest as to what, under the circum-
stances, would be an appropriate text. A. B.
WILCOX FAMILY (3rd S. ii. 308.)— If OMICRON
applies to the Rev. Richard Lickerish, the incum-
bent of Wolston, near Coventry, he may probably
be able to obtain every information respecting
the family of Wilcox. It is now more than half
a century since, that I rode with a friend from
Rugby, who went to call on a gentleman of the
name of Wilcox, that resided at Brandon, a ham-
let in the parish of Wolston. He was advanced
in years ; and, I believe, had no family. |j.
SOGGY (3rd S. ii. 271, 313.) — Jamieson, in his
Scottish Dictionary, with the Supplement (edit.
4to), has the following articles : —
To SOGG, v. n. To move heavily, as a corpulent
person does ; to move somewhat in a rocking
manner. Jamieson connects" this word with, to
swag.
SUGGAN, s. A thick coverlet.
SUGGIE, ». 1. A young sow. 2. A person who
is fat. Jamieson derives this word from sug,
A.-S., a sow.
SUGGIE, adj. Moist suggie land, wet land. Ja-
mieson derives this word from soak.
Jamieson himself has " to sag, to press down,"
and " to seg, to fall down," which he traces to the
A.-S. sigan, to fall, to sink down. To sug, is
evidently connected with this word, and not with
to swag ; of which to sway is another form, and
which expresses the idea of swinging.
The origin of suggan, for a thick coverlet, is
obscure. L.
BELL METAL (2nd S. viii. 249.)— The difficulty
of stating with accuracy the quantities of tin and
copper to be combined in this manufacture, arises
from the fact that the latter metal fuses with
difficulty ; while the former melts at about 440°
F., and immediately afterwards begins to oxidize
with rapidity. The consequence is, a great, quan-
tity of tin is wasted in the operation before a
complete union of the metals can take place. It
is only by practice the bell-founder can tell when
there is a proper quantity of tin in the furnace,
and when the two metals are in a perfect state of
combination. If this last condition is not com-
plete, the fracture will be somewhat crystalline,
and the metal brittle. Of course, after the bell-
metal is made, the respective contents may be told
by analysis, or even by its specific gravity. The
modern rule, based on an examination of old bell-
metal, is four and a half parts of tin to sixteen of
copper. If the quantity of tin is increased, the
sound is said to be improved, but the metal is
rendered more brittle. Big Een had seven parts
of tin to twenty-two of copper, which is nearly
one-sixth more than the usual proportion.
A. A.
Poets' Corner.
SACKBUT (3rd S. ii. 286.) — It is strange that
the real nature of the sackbut should be so unde-
338
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. Ucr. 25, VJ.
termined. From its Latin name .\<nnliicti, so
similar to the name of the elder tree, sambucwt,
one would suppose it to have been some wind in-
strument at first made of elder ; and that it may
have been improved in time into a sort of trum-
pet, such as the old lexicographers describe it : —
"A musical instrument of the trumpet kind, used for
playing bass, and contrived so as to be drawn out, or
shortened, according to the gravity or acuteness of the
tones." — Dyche.
But, on the other hand, it is described by re-
spectable authors as a stringed instrument, a sort
of dulcimer. It occurs among the musical instru-
ments in Daniel iii. 15, and the following is the
explanation of the learned commentator, Corne-
lius iv Lapide : — .
" Sambuca, sive sambyx.erat genus instrument! musici
trianguli, quod nervis longitudine et crassitudini insequa-
libus constabat : solebat leviori carminum generi adhi-
beri. Unde proverbium, Sambucam aptare cothurno, id
est, levia aptare gravibus."
In that valuable work, Recherches sur les Cos-
tumes etc. des Anciens Peuplef, par Malliot, tome ii ,
the instrument is thus described: —
"La sambuque <ftait un instrument a quatre cordes
qui avail quelque rapport avec le tympanon."
Calinet gives a representation of the sackbut
very like a dulcimer, and with four strings, agree-
ing with the above description. Further evidence
is wanted ; but it is extraordinary that the sackbut
should be so confidently described both as a wind
and a stringed instrument. F. C. H.
BURNING OF Moscow (3rd S. i. 228.) — " Ros-
topchin had avowed his resolve," if the city were
not to be defended by the Russian army, to con-
voke all the authorities and inhabitants for the
purpose of arranging a general and municipally-
regulated conflagration, a sacrifice which he was
confident would unhesitatingly be made by their
patriotism excited by their horror of the inva-
der. As a further security against the counter-
action of his design, he insisted on, and obtained, a
solemn promise from Kutusow "that, if any change
should occur in his resolution to defend the city,
he would give him three days full notice"
The question has often been mooted, and never
satisfactorily resolved, to whose advice and direc-
tion should the burning of Moscow be ascribed ?
It was useful at the time to be silent, and "to
suffer the enemy to be charged with the atrocity,
that public indignation might be incensed to the
highest degree against them; and, on the other
hand, it was equally desirable not to deprive
Russian patriotism of that title to the admiration
of the world. Rostopchin, the governor, was
placed in a false position. He could neither deny
nor adopt the act; but his previous, announce-
ment of that intention, his demand of Kutusow
"_for three days' notice," the removal or destruc-
tion of all the fire-engines and apparatus, the re-
lease of several hundred malefactors, and the
organisation of' tlu-ir lunds in <k>r directing supe-
riors, impress conviction that Rostopchin was the
author and abettor of the transaction. He never
forgave Kutusow for the infraction of the promise
— a promise which he publicly declared Kutusow
" swore by the white hairs of his head " to keep,
and the breach of which compelled him to make
clandestine preparations, and take measures as if
he were instigating an offence against his country-
men and country ; whereas, if it had been kept,
an occasion would have been presented to him to
assume the avowed responsible lead in an act of
public virtue, enhancing national fame. (Sir
Robert Wilson's Narrative of Events during the
Invasion of Russia, SfC. pp. 162, 173.)
At Woronowo, Rostopchin, assisted by Sir Ro-
• bert Wilson, set fire to and destroyed his mugni-
ficent palace residence. The night preceding he
had prevented all sleep to Sir Robert, Lord
Tyrconnel, and various generals and officers, by
his bitter complaints against Kutusow "for his
evacuation of Moscow without giving him the
covenanted notice, and for having thus deprived
the authorities and inhabitants of an occasion to
display, not Roman, but more than Roman, Rus-
sian dignity, by a municipal and popular ignition
of their city before it had been contaminated by
an invader's presence." He declared that " he
never would forgive the Marshal for deceiving
him " (and he kept his word), but that he would
now fire with his own hands the palace we all so
much admired, if the enemy pushed on ; and he
only- lamented that it was not manifold more
worthy of preservation. (Ibid. p. 178.)
All dissuasion was useless ; his resolve was in-
flexible. C. S. P.
TEOUVAILLK (3rd S. ii. 308.) — The popular use
I of tlie word waif would, I think, pretty accurately
j represent the French trouvaille, though its strict
legal and etymological meaning would rather fix
it to something lost, than something ybimrf. With
regard to etfpnM"? it seems to involve some idea of
benefit, as represented by Liddell and Scott in
the explanations windfall and Godsend. The school-
boy's slang word, a find (e. g. " What a jolly
find I "), perhaps deserves adoption into our lan-
guage to meet this acknowledged deficiency.
C. W. BlNGHAM.
ENGLISH COINAGE (3rd S. ii. 307.)— Your
correspondent U. O. N. asks when the custom of
turning the heads of successive sovereigns in oppo-
site directions began, and if it has any heraldic
signification.
The latter part of the question I cannot answer,
but I can inform him that the origin of the cus-
tom was this : When King Charles II. was re-
stored to the throne, he desired the impression of
his face to be cast in the opposite direction to that
3"» S. II. OCT. 25, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
339
in which Cromwell's was, to signify his utter aver-
sion to that usurper of the kingly power ; and
after the death of that monarch, his successors
kept up the custom, though it does seem strange
that they should have done so, as they thus
seemed to put the regicide Cromwell and the
rightful heir to the throne on a par.
Jos. HARGROVE.
Clare College, Cambridge.
REVOCATION OF THE EDICT OF NANTES (3rd S.
ii. 308.) — Some pains have been taken to ascer-
tain the numbers of the French refugees of 1685,
without any very reliable result, for very many were
secretly conveyed to the coast, and shipped by night
to various ports, and settled in England, Holland,
Prussia, &c. A celebrated French historian has
been very desirous of ascertaining with some cer-
tainty the correct numbers, for they have been
stated at 500,000 persons, and by Voltaire at
600,000. These refugees are not without their
history, and F. H. J. is referred to the following
works on the subject : Memoires pour servir a
CHisloire des Refugies Francois dans les Etats du
Hoi, Berlin, 9 vol. 8vo; Histoire des Refugies
Protestants de France, par M. Ch. Weiss, 2 vols.,
Paris, 1853 ; Burn's History of the Foreign Pro-
testant Refugees in England, 8vo, London, 1846;
The Ulster Journal of Archaeology, Smith, Soho
Square ; and the last publication of the Camden
Society, edited by Mr. Durrant Cooper, contain-
ing lists of foreign Protestants and aliens resident
in England, 1618—1688. For this last work, we
are indebted to the access afforded to the State
Paper Office. JOHN S. BURN.
The Grove, Henley.
FAIRFAX OF DEEPING GATE (3rd S. ii. 310.) —
William Fairfax died in 1497. He devised his
estate at Deeping Gate and Maxey to his son and
heir, William ; on whose death, without issue
male, it descended to his daughter and heiress
Margaret, the wife of Myles Worseley, and widow
of Payton. (See Bridges' Northamptonshire,
ii. 525.) By Sims's Index it appears that pedi-
grees of Fairfax are to be found in Harl. MSS.,
1187 and 1188, CRUX will confer a favour by
forwarding his address to Jos. PHILLIPS, Jun.
Stamford.
CHRISMATORY (3rd S. ii. 307.) — A chrismatory,
properly speaking, is the silver box or vase con-
taining the holy oil called Chrism, which is com-
posed of olive oil and balm of Gilead. It is usual,
however, to fit up a case with three holy oil boxes
of silver. One of these contains the Chrism, an-
other the Oleum Infirmorum, used in adminis-
tering the Sacrament of Extreme Unction ; and
the third, the Oleum Catechumenorum, with which
the breast and shoulders are anointed in "baptism.
It is about this last that M. C. inquires ; pro-
bably not being aware that this, as well as Holy
Chrism, is used in baptism. The Chrism is re-
quired to anoint the top of the head, immediately
after the actual baptism has been conferred.
F. C. H.
TONTINE (3rd S. ii. 213.) —Did not this, in a
secondary sense, mean also some sort of social
club ? In Guide Books to country towns, pub-
lished fifty or sixty years since, one often meets
with such notices as the following : " There is also
a news-room, a tontine, and an assembly room."
Or : " There is an ordinary for gentlemen, and
another for farmers every market-day. There is
also a circulating library, an assembly room, a
tontine, and a coffee-room." I quote from me-
mory, having no Guide Book at hand to refer
to. P. P.
MARQUIS OF ANGLESEY'S LEG (3rd S. ii. 320.)
The "Epitaph for the Tablet" in memory of the
Marquis of Anglesey's leg, incorrectly quoted in
" N. & Q.," is mine. It originally appeared in
the Morning Pout in 1815. How it came to be
ascribed to Canning I know not. The error has
more than once been pointed out. By the late
Mr. Harral, in La Belle Assembles, which he con-
ducted, the lines were most positively asserted to
be mine ; and in Many-coloured Life, published
in 1842, and to which I prefixed my name, they
were the first article.
The sense of the " Epitaph," as given in your
columns, is impaired by several inaccuracies, a
few of which permit me to indicate. The closing
lines of the first stanza should be —
" To learn that mouldering in the grave
Is laid — a British calf."
The corresponding lines of the second verse should
read thus: —
" Will find such laugh were premature,
For here, too, lies a sole."
The opening line of the fifth stanza should have
been printed : —
" Who, when the guns with thunder fraught."
The substitution of " ball " for "review" in the
sixth verse, as furnished by MR. BELCHER, almost
imparts a burlesque meaning to it. The original
runs : —
" Goes to the rout, review, or play
With one foot in the grave."
The first line of the succeeding stanza should
be —
" Fortune in vain here showed her spite . "
and the last line of the " Epitaph " is —
" Who never meant to run,"
quite different from " deigned to run."
The tomb, if still preserved, would in vain bo
looked for on the Field of Waterloo. Twelve
years ago I saw it in the town of Waterloo; which
340
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"« S. II. OCT. 25, '62.
is distant two miles from the battle-field ; the vil-
lage of Mont St. Jean lying between them.
THOMAS GASPBY.
Shooters' Hill.
Descriptive Catalogue of Material* relating to the History
of Great Britain and Ireland to t/ie End of the Reign of
Henry VII. By Thomas Duffus Hardy, Deputy -Keeper
of the Publie Records. Published by the Authority of the
Lords Commissioner* of Her Majesty's Treasury, under the
Direction of the Master of the Rolls. Vol. I. Parts I.
and II. From, the Roman Period to the Norman Invasion.
(Longman & Co.)
Although we had fully intended to postpone, until the
detailed notice of the various Chronicles, Memorials,
and Calendars, issued under the direction of the Mas-
ter of the Rolls, which is in preparation, was completed,
any account of the works of this class which might in
the meantime be issued from the press, the appearance
of these volumes has determined us to make them an
exception to such rule. And there are many reasons
for this course. The nature of the volumes themselves,
which is essentially different from any other likely to
be included in either series, is one of these Another
is the fact, that they were undertaken long before the
present excellent scheme for publishing our Chronicles
.Till Calendais of State Papers was projected. And last,
and not the least reason of all, may be found in the
great importance of the books themselves. When we
tell oar readers that in these two goodly volumes, occu-
pying nearly a thousand ptges, we have a Descriptive
Catalogue of the Materials (manuscript and printed) for
the History of these Islands, from the Roman Period to
the Norman Invasion only — that the MSS. here described
are no less than 1277 — that many of the->e are critically
examined, and their historical value carefully estimated —
our readers will give a ready credence to Mr. Hardy's
assurance that the work is the result of many years of
patient and conscientious labour; and will well believe
how many years were consumed in the mere collection
of the materials how many in the reduction of them into
order and uniformity; and how often during its progress
the author was tempted to abandon it, in despair of
making it as complete and accurate as the subject seemed
to require; and will rejoice that the conviction that
perseverance was a duty induced him to resume it.
Let us point out, as briefly as possible, in what the present
Catalogue, in which, for the first time, notices of all the
known sources of English History, printed and unprinted,
are presented to the reader in one continuous sequence,
differs from other Catalogues that have preceded it. 1.
It is strictly confined to the materials for the history of
this country. 2. The materials, when historical, " are
arranged under the year in which the latest event is re-
corded in the chronicle or history; and all Biographies
are enumerated under the year in which the person com-
memorated died. 3. A brief analysis of each work has
been generally added, the original portions being distin-
guished from those which are compilations, and the
sources of such compilations indicated. 4. The title of
each piece is given as found in the Catalogue of the
Collection in which it occurs, or in default of such Cata-
logue, as it occurs in the MS., the beginning and ending
of such work being set down for the greater facility of
identification. Lastly, a Biographical Sketch of every
Author has been given, where any historical materials
exist for such biography. No encomium that could be
passed upon Mr. Hardy for bis learning and industry
can equal that which is conveyed in this brief analysis of
the result of his forty j-ears" labour of love. We con-
gratulate him on the publication of the present volumes.
We look forward anxiously for the remaining portion;
and we are sure that our readers will echo our wi>h that
Mr. Hardy may be spared to bring his good work to a
close, and to receive for many years from historical
students, their thanks for his labours, and their acknow-
ledgments of his merits.
The Quarterly Review, A'o. 224. We have scarcely
left ourselves room to notice this new and admirable No.
of The Quarterly. The article on " The Confederate
Struggle and Recognition," is a very able one, and will
be perused by political readers with as much avidity
as thaton "Aids to Faith," bv our clerical friends "The
Waterloo of M. Thiers and Victor Hugo " is a complete
vindication of the truth of history. "China anil the
Taeping Rebellion." " The Platonic Dialogue*." " Modern
Political Memoirs," and " Belgium," are all well- written
papers; and that upon " Le* MiaeYiibles " is an ad-
mirable specimen of a just but kindly analysis of a work
destined to last as long as the literature of France.
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LONDON, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER. 1, 1862.
CONTENTS.— NO. 44.
NOTES : — Wills at the Court of Probate, 341 — Folk Lore :
Fern Folk Lore — Birth Rhyme — Dog's Teeth : Pointing
at Lightning — Yorkshire Legends — An Ague Charm, 342
— Entries Relating to Clergymen in the Parish Registers of
Barking, Co. Essex, 343 — Cats, Dogs, and Negroes as Arti-
cles of Commerce, 345 — Byron's Early Poems, 346 — Let-
ters of Charles, Earl of Peterborough, Ib. — Roast Beef,
347.
MINOR NOTES : — Chapter and "Worse — Epitaph on the
Empress Matilda — Wyndham, Somerset : Windham, Nor-
folk— Mr. Dockwra of the Penny Post — Daify's Elixir
— An Old Friend in a New Dress, 347.
QUERIES : — Dr. John Askew — Bell at Campden Church ,
Gloucestershire — Large Bells at Canterbury and Ely —
Enigma attributed to Praed — Sir Mark Kennaway,
Knight — Mediaeval Seal — Arthur O'Connor's Memoirs —
Oliver, Earl of Tyrconnel — Political Nick-names — " Rela-
tion of a Whale, 1679 " — Religious Tests — Slipper Arms
— Scandinavian Race — Thames Encroachments — When
will the Prince of Wales attain his Majority ? — Week —
Horace Walpole, 348.
QUERIES WITH ANSWERS : — " Ourania " — Prophecy of the
White King, Charles I. — Petrus Pictavensis — Horace
Walpole — Canterbury Gallop — Puddle-Dock Gaol —
" Quantulumanque " — Sir David Ximenes, 350.
REPLIES:— Alchemy, 352 — List of American Cents and
Tokens, 353 — Record Commission Publications, 355 —
Quotations, References, &c., Ib. — Kingue-faire — William
the Conqueror's Companions — Breakneck Crows — Smart's
" Song to David " — Pronunciation of the Word Cucumber
— Romish Services in Lancashire Churches — Cheney of
Broxbourne — Old Sarum — The Newry Magazine, &c., 356.
WILLS AT THE COURT OF PROBATE.
The readers of " N. & Q." are already aware
that Sir Cresswell Cresswell has made liberal
arrangements, at the Court of Probate, for the
accommodation of those who are desirous to ex-
amine the Wills there registered, for the purposes
of historical and literary inquiry. The Camden
Society, through whose exertions this happy
change has in great measure been brought about,
have undertaken to give the world some proof
how rich a storehouse is thus opened for investi-
gation, affording materials of the highest value
towards the illustration of our history, genealogy,
biography, arts and manufactures, and ancient
manners and customs. They propose to issue,
very shortly, a selection of the Wills left by some
of the most distinguished men and women who
have flourished in this country ; and I may men-
tion that it will include those of Archbishop
Warham, Bishop Gardyner, Cardinal Pole, Sir
Francis Walsingham, Sir Francis Drake, Sir
Thomas Gresham, Sir Hugh Myddelton, Selden,
Hampden, and Pym, the poets Cowley and Den-
ham, the painters Lely and Oliver, Prince Rupert,
and others. Of ladies : Cecily, Duchess of York ;
Dame Maude Parr (the mother of Queen Katha-
rine) ; Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia ; Mary, Prin-
cess of Orange, &c.
There have already been published six collec-
tions of English Wills :— The Royal and Noble
Wills, edited by Dr. Ducarel and Mr. Nichols,
1780, 4to ; the Testamenta Vetusta, edited by Sir
Harris Nicolas, 1826, royal 8vo ; five volumes
edited by the Surtees Society— two from the
registry of Durham (1835 and 1860), two from
that of York (1836 and 1855), and one from the
Archdeaconry of Richmond (1853) ; and one by
the Camden Society, from the Registry of Bury
St. Edmund's (1850).
Besides these collections, various detached wills
of persons of eminence have been published from
time to time in biographical, genealogical, and to-
pographical works, notwithstanding the great ex-
pense that has hitherto attended the procure-
ments of transcripts at Doctors' Commons. It is
not the intention of the Camden Society to re-
edit any that have in this way already appeared ;
but it will be useful to form a Catalogue of re-
ference to them, and I shall feel much obliged to
any of the correspondents of " N. & Q." who can
make additions to the list which follows. I do
not include the genealogical abstracts which ap-
peared in the Collectanea Topographica et Genea-
logica (communicated for the most part by the
late Mr. Baker, the historian of Northampton-
shire), nor the wills that have been inserted in
the histories of families : as those of Botfield,
Gurney, and Shirley. But I have mentioned
some that were published by Arthur Collins, who
appears to have enjoyed access to this source of
information, and to have availed himself largely
of it, early in the last century.
1225. William Longespe'e, Earl of Salisbury. Excerpta
Historica, 1831.
1375. Elizabeth of Hainault (sister to Queen Philippa)
Ibid.
1385. William de Walworth. (Two wills.) Ibid.
1394. Alice de Nerford (wife of John de Neville), find.
1403. William of Wykeham. Lowth's Life of Wykeham.
1420. John Fromond of Spersholt, benefactor to Win-
chester College. Archaeological Journal, 1859,
xvi. 169.
1475. King Edward the Fourth. Excerpta Historica,-1831.
1483. Anthony, Earl Rivers. Excerpta Historica, 1831.
1492. Edward Grey, Lord Lisle. Collins's Memoirs of the
Sidneys (prefixed to Sidney Papers), p. 13.
1510. Christopher Carlysle, Norrov King of Arms. Car-
lisle's Family of Carlisle," 1822, p. 370.
1511. Robert Fabyan, the Chronicler. Prefixed to Ellis's
edition of his Chronicle, 1811, 4to.
1513. William Smyth, Bishop of Lincoln, and Founder of
Brazenose. Churton's Lives of Smyth and Sut-
ton, 8vo, 1800, p. 512.
1519. John Colet, Dean ^of St. Paul's. Knight's Life of
Colet, Appx. No. xx.
1524. Sir Richard Sutton, Founder of Brazenose. Chur-
ton's Lives of Smyth and Sutton, p. 451.
. Thomas Linacre, M.D. Life of J. N. Johnson, M.D.
1536. Dame Elizabeth Unton. Unton Inventories (Berks
Ashmolean Society), 1841, p. xxv.
1542. Sir David Owen, bastard uncle to King Henry VII.
Sussex Archax>logical Collections, vol. vii. 1854.
342
NOTES AND QUERIES.
S. II. Nov. 1, '62.
15-19. Sir Christopher Barker, Garter King of Arms. Car-
lisle's Family of Carlisle, 1822, p. 372.
1555. Jane, Duchess of Northumberland. Collins's Me-
moirs of the Sidneys and Dudleys (as before),
p. 33.
1556. Sir Andrew Dudley, brother to John, Duke of
Northumberland. Ibid. p. 80.
1557. Queen Anne of Cleves. Excerpta Historica, 1831.
1558. Queen Mary. Privy Purse Expenses of Queen
Mary, edUed by S'ir Fred. Madden, 1831.
1575. Archbishop Parker. Strype's Life of Parker, Appx.
Number C.
1576. Sir Thomas Smith, Secretary of State. Strype's
Life of Smith, chap. xvi.
1581. Sir Edward Unton. Union Inventories, 1841,
p. xxxix.
1582. Raphael Holinshed, the Chronicler. Hearne's Pre-
face to Camden's Annales.
1583. Archbishop Grindal. Strype's Life of Grindal,
book it. chap. xv.
1586. Sir Philip Sidney, Collins's Memoirs of the Sid-
neys and Dudleys, p. 109.
1587. Robert Dudley, Ea'rl of Leicester. Ibid. p. 70.
——. Edwin Sandys, Archbishop of York. The Pre-
amble, in Works (Parker Soc., 1841), p. 446.
1588. Frances, Countess of Sussex. Collins's Memoirs of
the Sidneys, p. 80.
1589. Ambrose Dudley, Earl of Warwick. Ibid. p. 40.
1590. Alexander Nowell, Dean of St. Paul's. Churton's
Life of Nowell, 1809, p. 430.
1598. William Cecill, Lord Burghley. Collins's Life of
Bnrghley.
1603. Anne, Countess of Warwick. Collins's Memoirs of
the Sidneys, p. 42.
1608. Thomas Sackville, Earl of Dorset, Lord Treasurer.
Collins's English Baronage, 4to, 1727, pp.421 —
450 ; and in later editions of his Peerage.
1612. Sir Thomas Bodley, founder of the Library at Ox-
ford. Attached to the Statutes of the University.
1623. William Camden. Hearne's Curious Discourses.
1626. Francis Lord Bacon, Viscount St. Alban's. Bacon's
Works, edited by Basil Montagu.
Io34. Dame Dorothy Shirlev. Unton Inventories, 1841,
p. 31.
1639. Sir Henry Wotton. Walton's Life.
1644. Abp. Laud. Laud's Benefactions to Berkshire,
(Berks Ashmolean Soc.), 1841, p. 61.
1655. Godfrey Goodman, Bishop of Gloucester. Yorke's
Royal Tribes of Wales, 1799, Appendix, No. 17.
1658. William Harvey, M.D. Works, edit. Willis, for
Sydenham Society.
1674. John Milton (his nuncupative will, and the depo-
sitions relating to it). Johnson's Lives of the
Poets, edit Cunningham, 1854, vol. i. p. 166.
1679. Sir Thomas Browne, M.D., of Norwich. Works
(edit. Wilkins), 1836, i. p. ciiL
1691. Robert Boyle of Stalbridge, co. Dorset, Esq. (now
called the Hon. Robert Boyle.) Prefixed to bis
Works, 4to, 1772, vol. i. p.'clviii.
Robert South, D.D. Life of South, 1717, p. 63.
J. G. N.
171
FOLK LORE.
FERN FOLK LOBE. — Even in " the Black
Country " there are green oases where the ferns
grow in luxuriant beauty. The natives, however,
look upon them with a superstitious feeling, think
it bad luck to gather them (even for fuel) or to
touch them, and call them by the singular name
of " the Devil's Brushes." I have been unable
to get at the why and the wherefore of this ; but
it may possibly have something to do with the
belief that fern-seed will produce invisibility — a
notion that is also credited by the denizens ot
the Black Country. CUTHBERT BEDE.
BIRTH RHYME. — If the following scrap of folk
lore has not already appeared in the pages of
" N. & Q.," I think it sufficiently pretty to submit
it to the notice of the editor : —
" Monday's bairn is fair of face j
Tuesday's bairn is full of grace ;
Wednesday's bairn 's a child of woe ;
Thursday's bairn has far to go;
Friday's bairn is loving and giving ;
Saturday's bairn works hard for a living ;
But the bairn that is born on the Sabbath-day,
Is lively and bonnie, and wise and gav."
M.D.
DOG'S TEETH: POINTING AT LIGHTNING. — I
remember two notions, current in one locality
about fifty years back, to which my subsequent
reading in folk lore has never furnished any allu-
sion. The first was, that if a person incautiously
handled teeth which had been recently drawn
from another — or, still better, knocked out by
accident, — he himself would have dog's teeth.
What these were I never knew : but they were
something terrible. I have seen a schoolmaster,
with his hand over his mouth to keep out the in-
fection, picking up (he teeth of a poor little fel-
low who had tumbled against a pump-trough ; all
the boys being first peremptorily ordered away,
for fear of dog's teeth. The second notion was-
that it is wicked to point towards the part of the
heavens from which lightning is expected. I have
seen a little boy, for this offence, made to kneel
blindfold on the floor, to teach him how he would
feel if the lightning came and blinded him. It is.
possible that this was a modern notion, derived,
from the efficacy of the pointed conductor.
A. DE MORGAN.
A revolting instance of folk lore has lately ap-
peared in the newspapers. Popular superstitions
influence our criminal population to a much
greater degree than many of us suppose : —
" George Gardiner was hanged on Monday, for the
murder, on the 23rd of April last, of a servant girl, on
the farm of Outhill, when he was a ploughman. His
confession is a melancholy evidence of superstition and
brutality. He says, ' I did not want to pay my addresses-
to Sarah Kirby, but she would never draw* me the proper
quantity of beer, and that vexed me. I did not know
the master was away on the 23rd of April, and the wit-
ness who said I asked him where he was will have to-
suffer for his perjury. I tried my luck in the field by
throwing up the ' spud ' of the plough, which came down
with the point in the earth. If it had fallen flat, I should
not have killed her ; but as it came down point foremost,
I left the field with the determination to do it. I should
have killed Miss Davis if I had got near enough to her,
3rd S. II. Nov. 1, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
343
and it's a good job no one stopped me before I sold the
gun." — Public Opinion, Aug. 30, 1862.
K. P. D. E.
YORKSHIRE LEGEND. — Some while ago, a cor-
respondent asked for some Yorkshire legends ;
permit me to add one. I was taking a holiday
stroll, and passing by a plantation at Upsall,
near Thirsk, called " Beechpath Beckstead," I met
•with a garrulous old man. "What do you call
this wood ? " I asked. The old fellow shook his
head solemnly, and whispered : " That part is
' Lost Corpse End.' " " Why ? " A very long
pause. " I was seventeen years of age, and I am
now eighty-four ; so you may count how many
years 'tis ago. Well ! I was one of the bearers
of poor Dame , and we were to bury her
at Kirby Knowle. Just as we arrived at the
spot, we set down the body. It was a hot au-
tumnal day, and the nuts were so enticing. It
was the best nut year I ever remember. We all
went off to gather them ; and when we returned,
the corpse was lost ! " " Washed away by the
burn?" I remarked. "No, Sir, wished it Jhad.
We should then have got it back. The coffin was
there, never moved, never touched by mortal
man. We took up the coffin, but it was as light
as an empty coffin could be. We ran with it to
Kirby Knowle ; and the parson buried the coffin,
but the corpse is — is — is there ! It is all along
o' our nutting."
Can your readers suggest that there is any-
thing analogous between nutting and departed
spirits ? EBORACCM.
AN ^AGUE CHARM. — The following has just
been given to my brother, near Faversham, to
cure a child. The man who gave it says he has
cured thousands. The charm is to be sown up in
a bag and worn suspended about the neck : —
" Wen Jeasas saw the plais wair he was to be cruse-
feyed he trembeled then sais the gues hunto him hath
though and ha}' gue. Jesus saith unto them hif hainey
man ceap these woord he shal never be troubeled with
hay gues nor feavers sow the Lord help this thy sur-
vent that puts is trust in the."
What is the gues * that said, " Hast thou an
ague ? " To me it looks like a goose. B. H. C.
ENTRIES RELATING TO CLERGYMEN IN THE
PARISH REGISTERS OF BARKING, CO. ESSEX.
The Registers of the once important and well
inhabited parish of Barking begin in the year
1558, and have been carefully kept. They were
the subject of a very able and highly interesting
paper, by Mr. Henry W. King, printed in the
Transactions of the Essex Archceological Society a
year or two since.
The entries relating to Thomas Cartwright,
[* The Jews.— KD.]
the celebrated Bishop of Chester, whose Diary
was published by the Camden Society in 1843,
are not without interest. It will be observed
that the earlier entries completely upset the story
of Benjamin Way's expulsion from Barking in
1662,- under the Bartholomew Act. This story
is very circumstantially told by the modern edi-
tors of Calamy, but, so far as regards Barking,
it is untrue from beginning to end. In point of
fact, Cartwright was appointed to the vicarage
of Barking in August, 1660, and continued vicar
until his death, in 1689. Of this there is abundant
proof. It is, therefore, simply impossible that
Way could have been ejected from Barking in the
year 1662.
A Mr. Edward Kightley is stated to have been
ejected from a living at Aldborough (otherwise
Abury) Hatch at the Restoration. I greatly
doubt the correctness of this statement. Several
entries of a Mr. Edward Kightley occur after
1662, but none before that year; and it may be
further be asked where and what was the living
of Aldborough, or Abury, Hatch.
From 1628, for some years onward, I find con-
tinual entries of one Christopher Love ; but I
cannot connect them in any way with the famous
Puritan divine of that name and time.
Baptisms.
1573. Marye, the daughter of Mr. William Leyland, Cu-
rate, bapt. Oct. 4.
1576. John, the sonne of Mr. Richard Tirwitt, Vicar,
bapt. 21 June.
1580. Peter, the sonne of John Horton, Minister, bapt.
11 Jan?.
1582. Millicent, daughter of do, bapt. 17 Aug*.
1586. Joane, the daughter of Mr. Edward Edgeworth,
bapt. the 16 of July.
[Edw. Edgeworth succeeded Rich. Tirwitt as Vicar of
Barking inTeb. 1584, — afterwards ejected for recusancy.]
1587. Thomas, sonne of John Lyde, Clerk, bapt. 20 July.
1588. Katheren, daughter ot Air. Edward Edgeworth,
bapt. the 9th of Ocf.
. Elizabeth, daughter of Mr. John Lyde, Clerke,
bapt. 22 Decr.
1592. Alice, the daughter of Michaell Wood, Clerk,
bapt. 17 June.
1593. Nicholas, sonne of do., bapt. 22 Nov.
1601. Elizabeth, the daughter of Mr. Richard Wignal,
bapt. the 29 daye of Maye.
[Rich. Wignal succeeded Edgeworth as Vicar some
years before this date.]
1619. Dorothee, the daughter of Mr. Richard Wignal,
bapt. the 14 day of June.
1623, Decr 21. An, ye daughter of John Lacy.
[Curate to Dr. Hall, Vicar of Barking.]
1625, April 18. Thomas, y« son of do.
, April 20. Tobias, sonne of Dr. Hall.
1627, Jan? 12. Martha, the daughter of Doctor Hall.
1628, July 13. Thomas, the son of Mr. Doctor Halle.
1630, April 31 (szc). William, y« son of Mr. Doctour Hall.
1632, Octr 30. Richard, the sonne of Doctor Hall.
1642, June 12. Thomas, sonne of Tho. Cowley, Curat.
nat. 27 May.
[This gentleman retained his position as Curate and
344
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3«« S. II. Nov. 1, '62.
Registrar of Barking, under a succession of Vicars of all
grades of opinion, for a period of twenty-three years.]
1645-6, Jany 30. Henry, the sonne of Mr. Rowland Gowen.
1647-8, Feb. 29. William, the sonne of do., minister.
1661, Aprill 16. John, y» sonne of Mr. Hicks, minister.
1601, Nov. 29. Katherina, the daughter of Thomas Cart-
wright, D.D., Vicar of Barking, and of Mary his
wife (born Nov. 17.)
1663, Sepf 25. Thomas, the sonne of Thomas Cartwright,
D.D., Vicar, and of Sarah his wife.
1664, Sepf 18. Henery, the sonne of Dr. Tho. Cart-
wright
1665, AUK- 9- Was borne and baptized William, the sonne
of Doctor Cartwright, Vicar.
1666, Sepf 1. Gervaise, sonne of do.
1667-8, Jan? 20. Alicia, daughter of Dr. Thomas Cart-
wright, Vicar.
1669, July. Hannah, ye daughter of M* Edw. Kightley
, Sepf 23. Richard, yc sonne of Dr. Thomas Cart-
wright, Vicar.
1670, June 21. John y« sonne of Mr Edw. Kightley.
1670-1, March 9. Sarah, ye daughter of Dr. Thomas Cart*
wright, Vicar.
1672, Dec. 17. Sarah, daughter of do.
1672-3, Feb. 8. Thomas, son of Gervase Wawen, Curate.
1674, Decr 31. Thomas, son of do.
1675, Ocf 25. Ann, daughter of do.
1683, Aug. 29. Richard, the son of Richard Taylor, Clerke.
Born the 14 of y° same month.
[Mr. Taylor married Elizabeth, daughter of John
Brewster, Esq., of Wy fields, a manor house in this
parish.]
1684, Aug. 19. Elizabeth, yc daughter of do., and Eliza-
beth his wife.
— — , Nov. 9. Elizabeth, yc daughter of John Chisenhale,
Clerk, and Eliz. his wife.
[For many years Curate and Vicar of Barking.]
1685, July 20. Mary, ye daughter of Richard Taylor,
Clerk, and Etiz. his wife.
1686, Aug. 22. Anne, yc daughter of John Chisenhale,
Curate, and Elizabeth his wife.
, Dec' 16. John, son of Richard Taylor, Clerke, and
Elizabeth his wife.
1687, Decr 27. Mary, daughter of Richard Taylor, Clerke,
and Eliz.
[After June 19, 1688, comes in this note : " Mr. John
Chisneale, Exit for not reading the Declaration, R. Hall,
Curate." Chisenhale was at this time Curate to Bishop
Cartwright, who appears from his Diary to have been
very little at Barking. After Feb. 5 following, this
note : " Exit Mr. Hall, restaurC Joh. Chisenhale." En-
tries to the same effect appear in the Burial Register.]
1688, Ocf 9. Frances, daughter of John Chisenhale, Cu-
rate, and Elizabeth his wife ; who was borne upon
y« 9th day of Sepf.
1691, April 7. Augustine, son of Richard Taylor, Clerke.
1692, Sepf 25. Mary, daughter of John Chisenhale.
1701, Ocf 5. Sarah, daughter of John Howell, Clerk.
1703, March 28. John, son of do.
1705, July 1. Frances, daughter of do.
1708, Aug. 4. Robert, son of Samuel Hilliard, Clerk,
Rector of Stifford.
1723, Aug. 11. Eliz. daughter of y« Rev* Mr. John
Bridger (Query, Badger.)
1741, June 1. John, son of Lewis and Elizth Owen, B.D.,
Born and Christned.
1743, April 10. Bladen Downing, son of George Downing.
[Chaplain of Ilford Hospital, in this parish, where he
was buried in 1779, aged 70.]
174 4, Ocf 10. William, son of the Revnd Mr. Owen, D.D.,
Vicar.
1745-6, Jan. 19. George Gascoyne, son of Revn'1 Geo.
Downing. Horn Jany 11.
1750, April 15. Elizabeth, daughter of the Rev. Geo.
Downing, Clerk, and Eliz. bis wife
Marriage*.
1616. John Park and ffrances Wignnl. .'7 Mny.
1619. Toby Huek and Elizabeth Wignal. 4 Febr.
1662, May 27. This day were maryed, Thomas Cart-
wright, D.D., and Sarah the daughter ll-ury
Wight, Esq., and Margaret his wife; both of
this parish.
[Wight of Gay shams Hall, a family of long standing
in this parish. Dr. Cartwright had only buried his first
wife in Dec. 1661.]
1690, Aug. 28. Mark Noble, Clerk, and Mrs. Anne Spit-
tle, widow, Barking.
1700, Sepf 26. John Hewett, Clerk, and Frances Mea-
dows.
Burials.
1568. Richard Tirwitt's child, buried 4 Sep«.
1572. Richard Stoninge, a stranger and minister, bur.
Jany 29.
1573. Sr Robert Knighte, Clerk, of Illford, bur. July
[Great Ilford was formerly included in the parish of
Barking.]
1575. Thomas Brewer, or Minister, bur. Nov. 8.
1578. John, the sonne of John Horton, Curat., bur.
lAug.
1582. Anne, the wife of John Horton, Mintster, bur.
16 Aug.
. Millicent, daughter of do.,hur. 16 Sepf.
. Zachary, sonne of Thomas Newton, Minister, bur.
Ocf ii. •
[No doubt the celebrated Rector of Little Ilford, a
parish hard by.]
1583. John Wignal], bur. 4 Ocf.
1584-5. Richardus Tirwitt, Barkingensis, ecclfe vicarius,
buried the 13 day of Februarye.
1585. Samuell, sonne of John Lyde, Clerk, bur. 16 Dec.
1686. Abigail, daughter of do., bur. 28 Sepf.
1592. Alice, the daughter of Michaell Wood, Clerk, bur.
11 July.
1593. Nicholas, the son of do., bur. 12 Dec.
1620. Mr. Richard Wignal, Vicar of Barkinge, buried
y« 9th day of Aprill.
1625, Ocf 7. Derate, the daughter of Mr. Richard Wig-
nall.
, Nov. 21. Mr. Richard Robartes, Curat.
1C31, Jany 28. Widdow Ranford, Dr. Donne's mother.
[This was, I suppose, the celebrated Dean of S. Paul's,
who was much connected with Barking at this time. His
eldest daughter, Constance, married Samuel Harvey: a
man of fortune and good family, residing at Aldborough
Hatch, in this parish, where Dr. Donne frequently visited
him. At Aldborough Hatch, in August, 1630, Donne was
seized with his last illness.]*
[• Izaak Walton informs us, that "Dr. Donne was,
even to her death, a most dutiful son to his mother;
careful to provide for her supportation, of which she
had been destitute, but that God raised him up to pre-
vent her necessities j who, having sucked in the religion
of the Roman Church with the mother's milk, spent her
estate in foreign countries, to enjoy a liberty in it, and
died in his house but three months before him." Whilst
abroad she re-married a gentleman of the name of Kains-
ford, or Ranford. The Doctor in his Will, signed and
3rd S. II. Nov. 1, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
345
1641, Septr 27. Edmund, son of D.r. Hall.
1653. Mr. William Ames, Vicar de Barking, buried the
6th of October.
[Described in the Parliamentary Keport, 1650, as " an
able godly preaching minister."]
1661, Dec'- 3. Mary, the wife of Tho. Cartwright, D.D.,
Vicar.
1662, Septr 24. Katherine, the daughter of Dr. Thomas
Cartwright, and Mary his wife.
1665, Aug. 14. Thomas Cowley, Curate.
1668, March 16. M« Isabella Kightley, from Aldborough
Hatch.
1669, March 11. Mr. Edward Humphrey, Curate.
1671, March 24. Mr. John ffidor, clarke.
, March 26. Sarah, ye daughter of Dr. Tho. Cart-
wright, Vicar.
1673, Feb. 9. Thomas, son of Mr. Geruase Wawen, Curate.
1675. Hannah, the wife of Mr Edward Keightley.
1676, Aug. 1. Anne, daughter of Gervase Wawen.
1685, Ocf 29. Mary, daughter of Mr. Rich. Taylor,
Clerk, and Elizabeth his wife.
1691, April 16. Susannah, daughter of John Chisenhole.
1696, March 3. Gervace Wawen, Clerke.
1697, Aug. 18. Richard Taylor, Clerke.
1698, Nov. 3. Mary, daughter of do.
1699, May 21. Edward Taylor, Gent, son of do.
1701, July 3. Edward Kightley.
1707, Aug. 21. John, son of Richard Taylor, Clerke.
1708, Aug. 29. Richard, son of Samuel Hilliard, Clerke.
, Octr 4. Elizabeth, daughter of Richard Taylor,
Clerke.
1718, Decr19. Elizabeth, wife of yeRevd Mr. John Chisen-
hale, Vicar.
1722, Feb. 9. Thomas and John, sons of the Reverend
Mr. Williamson.
1723, Sepf 11. Elizabeth, daughter of yc Revd Mr. John
Badger.
1724, April 5. The Rev. Mr. John Chisenhale, Vicar.
[The Parish Knell-book records that he " Dyed March
y« 31, 1724, aged 71 years."]
1726, Feb. 6. Mr. Wm Chisenhale, of London.
1729, April 27. Mr. John Chisenhale.
1734, Sepf 11. Died, at Carlisle, the Reva Mr. Thomas
Machen Fiddes, Vicar of Barking.
1745, March 6. William, son of the Revd Lewis Owen,
B.D., Vicar of Barking.
1747, Sepf 28. The Revd Mr. Peter Walkden.
1750, Oct* 10. (At Ilford Chappel), Eliz. Downing, inf«.
1751, Feb. 1. THe Rev. Dr. Wm Stephens, Vicar of this
Parish.
1762. Note in May : " Entred by Chr Musgrave, succes-
sor to Dr. Tyndal, who d'ied at Barking, May 10,
and lies buried at Kensington."
1771, July 13. The Rev. Mr. Richard Carter, School-
master and Lecturer.
1780, Octr 5. The Rev. Christopher Musgrave, D.D.,
Vicar of this Parish.
1781, Sepf 23. Revd Benjamin Symonds (Curate of this
Parish.)
1792, May 10. Susan Musgrave.
[Widow of Dr. Musgrave 'above. In July, 1775, he
was married to Susan Parfect, widow, at St. An-
drew's, Holborn.]
EDWARD J. SAGE.
Stoke Newington.
sealed on the 13th December, 1630, bequeathed 500/. to
.his "dearlie beloved mother, whom it hathe pleased God,
after a plentifull fortune in her former times to bringe to
decaye in her verie olde age." She, however, died to-
CATS, DOGS, AND NEGROES AS ARTICLES OF
COMMERCE.
The discussion respecting Whittington's cat in
some late volumes of " N. & Q." has reminded me
of the following notice of cats, which I met with a
few years ago when compiling a certain commer-
cial memoir. It is extracted from the " Petition
of William Bragge to the Honorable Sir Thomas
Smith, Knight, and all the Company of the East
India and Sommer Islands," contained in MSS.
Reg. 17 B. X. Bragge claiming the sum of 6875Z.
from the Company, not only petitions but also
furnishes his account, one of the items of which is
as follows : —
" Item, more for 20 Dogges and a greate many Catts
which, under God, as by your booke written of late, ridd
away and devoured all the Ratts in that Hand * which
formerly eate up all your corne, and many other blessed
fruites which that land afforded. Well, for theis, I will
demand of you but 5lb a piece for the Doggs, and let the
Catts goe - 100Ib O1 Od."
Another item in this curious account is well
worthy of record here, as it shows the strong anti-
slavery feeling, founded on pure Christian princi-
ples, of a British merchant as early as 1621, the
date of the document. A chapter might be writ-
ten, contrasting the conduct of this worthy citizen
of London, with that of the Christian slave-
dealers and slave-holders of a much more en-
lightened and modern era ; but there can be no
occasion for more than the following extract from
this account-book in Bragge's own words, of whom,
without profanity, it may be said — "being dead,
he yet speaketh : " —
" Item, more, for thirteen negroes or Indian people, six
women, seaveu men and boyes, the price of them not to
bee vallewed, for why, before Mr Powell brought them,
into that countrey, you never had a pownd of Tobacco
which came to England worth 2d per pownd. Whereas
now, it is sold heere in England for 10s, 8s, and 51 per
pownd, the which I myself paid so much.
" Well, for Estimacion of theis poore Soules, they are
not to be vallewed at anie price. The cause why, 1 will
shewe unto you, because the Lord Jesus hath suffered
Death as well for them as for all you, for in time the
Lord may call them to be true Christians, the' which I
most humbly beseech thy Great and Glorious Majestie in
Thy good appointed Time, that thou wilt, Good Father,
out of Thy most great, sweete and careful Louecall them
all home in Thy most good appointed Time, most merci-
ful and most loving sweete Father, which must Good
Lord be done, if it pleaseth Thy greate and glorious
Majestie, before that most heauenlie Kingdome of Thine
is finished."
Bragge continues in this unbusiness-like strain
to some length, which I need not quote, and then
suddenly returns to his accounts thus : —
" And now for the Thirteen Heathens So farre
wards the close of the following month, and her son, as
we learn from his epitaph, " was stripped of his Deanery
by death on the last day of March, 1631."— ED.]
• * Bermuda.
346
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[8* S. II. Nov. 1, '62.
now my most Worshipful Masters, I most bumblie be-
seeche my heauenlie God, I may not rcceeve Rewards
either of Gold or Silver for such as are Created after the
Image, Similitude, and Likenesse of God, our most
heauenlio, most sweete Comforter, whom in Troubles is
reddy ahvaies to bee founde.
" Well Masters, this Buisnesse floweth so sweete unto
mee that I can hardly leaue off my penn from ray paper,
but it will ende in this small Buisnesse, although they
are worth unto you 1000lb, and above, I will not aske
000. And so much in the name of God as touching that
Bnisnesse, and touching the Negroes or Indians
Qlb 0' Od."
Touching cats in regard to commerce, I have
been informed, by good authority, that marine
insurance does not cover damage done to cargo
by the depredations of rats ; but if the owner of
cargo thus damaged can prove that the ship was
not furnished with a cat, he can recover compen-
sation from the owner of the ship. Again, a ship
that is found, under certain circumstances, without
a living creature on board, is considered a derelict,
and, according to certain conditions, a forfeiture
to the Queen, Lords of the Admiralty, and other
interested parties. And it has not unfrequently i
occurred, after all the crew have been lost or
the ship otherwise abandoned, that a live canary-
bird, domestic fowl, but most commonly a cat,
being found on board has saved the vessel from
being condemned as a derelict. Consequently, ship-
owners, considering the cat's proverbial tenacity
of life, as well as its presence being a bar to claims
of damage by rats, always take care not to send a
ship to sea without having a cat on board.
W. PlNKERTON.
Hounslow.
BYRON'S EARLY POEMS.
The following cutting, from a recent Nottingham
journal, may perhaps appear worthy of preserva-
tion. It is part of the account of a Volunteer
Bazaar at East Retford, held about the beginning
of last September : —
" What attracted the most curiosity was a genuine
relic of the late Lord Byron, a volume of his earlier
poems, 'For various occasions,' printed for private circu-
lation. All the volumes printed were as far as possible
withdrawn, but five or six were retained; and the one
exhibited in the bazaar (priced at 251.) was a presenta-
tion copy, from the noble poet to his godson, Mr. Pigot.
It is a very plain specimen of the typographicfil art. On
the title page are the words, 'Byron's Early Poems.'
The imprint bears the name of Ridge, Newark, and the
date of publication, 'MDCCCVII.' It is a volume in
12mo. Within the original fly-leaves, in the front of the
volume, have been inserted two or three pages of note-
paper, on which the history of the book is written, as
follows:— ' This book was given to H. E. Pigot, when he
•was twelve years of age, by Lord Byron ; and when Lord
Byron wrote his name in it, he laughed as he put "the
gift of his grandfather;" and said, "In after years people
sponsorship; but instead of adhering to the title of god-
father, he persisted in calling himself the grandfather of
young Pigot. The interpolation, which is probably in
the handwriting of a female, proceeds : ' This H. E. Pigot
obtained [subsequently] a cadetship for India, and when
he was seventeen years of age he took this book with
him, as he valued it highly. How it came into its pre-
sent condition was thus: — In sailing down the Coosa
River, with all he had in the world, a sudden squall up-
set the vessel, and precipitated the people on board into
the water, and they had to swim for their lives. Amon^
the few things * that were recovered was this book, in
which H. E. Pigot had been reading just before the acci-
dent—soiled, saturated, and in its present forlorn state.
H. E. Pigot died in India, on the 28th of October, 1830,
a Captain of the 23rd N. I. (Native Infantry.) His widow
preserved this volume; and it was finally brought to
England by his surviving daughter, Constance Eliza-
beth, who married Mr. William Heberden. This little
history of the life and adventures of Lord Byron'a early
poems was written by Elizabeth B. Pigot (sister of H. E.
Pigot), an early friend of G. G. Byron, when he resided,
during the vacations, with his" mother, on Burgtge
Green, Southwell ; and printed these poems, having writ-
ten most of them during his sojourn in that place. —
January 22, 1862; the 75th anniversary of Lord Byron's
birth-day.' On the original fly-leaf of the book is" writ-
ten in Byron's own hand: 'Henry Edward Pigot; the
gift of his grandfather, George Gordon Byron, 1807.' "
FT.
LETTERS OF CHARLES, EARL OF PETER-
BOROUGH.
will wonder how that could be.'" (At that time" Lord , . .,„_ „ .„., . ,
Byron was only seventeen years of age.) To the young was to comply with your occations, as
Pigot here mentioned, Lord Byron took upon himself the ; compatible with the King's service and
Charles Mord^unt, Ea/1 of Peterborough, was
the most distinguished man of his family, particu-
larly as a military commander ; and a memoir of
him will be found in the General Biographical
Dictionary (voce Mordaunt), as well as in Birch's
Lives, and elsewhere. It is stated that after
having been ambassador at Vienna, Turin, and
other Italian courts, in 1710 and 1711, he was,
upon his return to England, made Colonel of the
Royal regiment of Horse Guards ; and in August,
1713, was installed a Knight of the Garter. The
two letters, of which the annexed are copies, are
both sealed with his arms, surrounded by the
garter ; they were, therefore, written subsequently
to the latter date. The Earl died in 1735.
Sir Michael Wentworth, to whom they are ad-
dressed, was Captain of a troop in the Earl of
Peterborough's regiment. One of the letters, it
will be seen, relates to leave on furlough ; the
other to a military riot, resulting in loss of life, at
Oxford. Though not of great importance, they
will probably be thought worth preserving as
memorials of the manners of the days of George I.
I copy them from the originals by favour of Sir
Michael's descendant, George Wentworth, Esq.,
of Woolley Park, near Wakefield.
" Whitehall, the 26 of lO1"'.
" Sir,
" I wrote to yon in my last, whow (how) willing I
as fair as they were
and his orders. I am
S. II. Nov. 1, 'C2.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
347
in the same intention still. But tell I can despatch the
raaior (Major), or Captaine Barloe, or that Sir Jhon
Talbot will have leisure from the King's buisness whearin
he is em ploy VI, I cannot dispence with your absence.
Sir, I will hastne them all I can, and hope to sett you
soone at liberty; but, Sir, they whoe desire the honor
and advantages of the King's service must thinke to
preferr his buisness to thayr owne, and if it be incon-
venient, tbay know whow (how) to helpe themselves.
" Your affectionate Servant,
" PETERBOROW.
" For Sir Michseell
Wentworth, at his
Q" at Oxford."
" May the 26.
" Sir,
" I have this day received yours, for which I give you
thankes, and am extreamly mortified at the Accident
has hapned in my Trooper for besides the loss of three
Good men, it is an unhappyness to have such disorder
happe wheare any man has a Charge or Goverment.
" By the grace of God, I will be my selfe at Oxford by
the end of next weeke, wheare I hope to see you ; and I
desire you will, in the meane time, keepe the best order
you can.
" I am,
" Your very affectionate Servant,
" PETERBOROW.
" For Sir Micaiell Wentworth,
these
at Oxford."
(Seal of quarterings, surrounded by
the Garter.)
J. G. N.
ROAST BEEF. '
The old English fare of roast beef and plum-
pudding, as opposed to the frog repast of the
Frenchman, has been heard of by every English-
man from childhood, and indulged in, as is said,
by all classes of the people, — the rich, the middle,
and the poor. Can you, Mr. Editor, or any of
your readers, give me the date or origin of this
boast, and tell me to which class it applies, — for
to all it could not ? The lower orders are out of
the question. Mr. Wright, in his valuable and
truly interesting History of Domestic Manners and
Sentiments in England during the Middle Ages,
informs us the 'mediaeval landlords were obliged
to consume the produce of the land on their own
estates ; and, for this and other very cogent rea-
sons, a large proportion of the provisions in ordi-
nary use consisted of salt meat, which was laid up
in store in vast quantities in baronial larders.
Hence boiling was a much more common method
of cooking meat than roasting, for which indeed
the mediaeval fire, placed on the ground, was
much less convenient : it is, no doubt, for this
reason that the cook is most frequently repre-
sented in the mediaeval drawings with the caul-
dron on the fire (p. 144). To the farmer it could
not apply. In the romance of Berthe (p. 78) we
are told the farmer, even when he had become
rich, had no such luxuries as salmon or partridges,
but his provisions consisted only of bread and
wine, and fried eggs, and cheese in abundance.
The burgher class in towns had soup, and two or
three plain dishes of meat, followed by cheese,
pastry, and fruit. It was common, says Wright,
p. 281, for the burgher class to ape gentility,
even among people of a lower order; for the
great merchant was often superior in education
and intelligence as he was in wealth to the great
majority of the aristocratic class. Even the wife of
the miller (God help us !) aspired to the aristocra-
tic title of Madame.
To the higher classes the boast assuredly did
not apply. That nothing, however, could be more
incorrect than this boast as applied to that class,
Mr. Wright informs us, is fully proved by the
rather numerous mediaeval cookery b*ooks which
are still preserved, and which contain chiefly
directions for made dishes, many of them very
complicated, and, to appearances, extremely deli-
cate (p. 143).
To the class represented by the yeomanry of
the present day it would seem from Chaucer to
apply: —
" Without bakemeat was never his hous,
Of flesh and fish, and that so plenteous."
Cant. Tales, 341.
But I am at a loss to conceive how the yeoman
(who, I take it, represented our secondary class of
landowners) could give to their friends baked
meat, whilst the great landowners gave boiled
only. I shall, however, be glad to be informed oa
this point, which, but for Mr. Wright's instruc-
tive history, would have passed unheeded by
FEA. MEWBURN.
Larch field, Darlington.
Minor fiattt.
CHAPTEK AND WORSE. — So much has lately
been said about chapters and prebendal residence,
that it seems worth while to unearth a joke on
the subject, from Chambers's Biographical Illustra-
tions of Worcestershire, 1820, p. 470. The Rev.
Wm. Hughes was a minor canon of Worcester
Cathedral for fifty years, and died 1798. The
Dean having complained to him that he was
greatly annoyed by rats, Mr. Hughes replied :
" Make prebendaries of them, Mr. Dean ! you
will then only see them once a year."
CTJTHBERT BEDE.
EPITAPH ON THE EMPRESS MATILDA. — The
following epitaph was engraved on the tomb of the
Empress Matilda at Rouen. She was the daughter
of Henry I. of England, the wife of Henry IV.,
Emperor of Germany, and the mother of Henry II.
of England : —
" Ortu magna, viro major, sed maxima partn,
Hie jacet Henrici filia, sponsa, parens."
Lingard, Hist, of Eng., vol. ii. p. 325.
348
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3*d S. IL Nov. 1, '02.
Compare the epitaph on Archerlice, the daughter
of Hippias, tyrant of Athens, who was married to
/Eantides, the son of Hippoclus, tyrant of Lam-
psacus.
afOpi>s apiffTfvffMTos fvT.\\d?>i ruv ty tavrov
'linriou 'Apx'Simjj' fyot KtKfv6« /cows'
% iroT/xJr T« Kal fotiphs a$t\<pwi' rolaa. Tvpavmav,
iralSuv T', OVK IjpOii vow Is iercur6a\triv.
Thucyd., vi. 59.
L.
WTNDHAM, SOMEBSBT : WINDHAM, NORFOLK.
I have long noticed the mistakes and confusion
which are continually occurring with respect to
these two names. May I be permitted, once for
all, to explain the difference between them P
Sir WilHani Wyndham, a Somersetshire baro-
net of large fortune, was a leader of the Tories in
the reign of Queen Anne, and at one time their
Chancellor of the Exchequer. It is said he did
not go the length of Jacobitism. He was one
of the Wyndhams, Earls of Egremont, an extinct
title. This family is now represented by the
Wyndhams of Petworth, Sussex, and by those of
Cockermouth Castle, Cumberland.
Mr. Windham,' of Felbrigg Hall, Norfolk, was
a Whig statesman in the reign of George III.
Frightened by the French revolution, he took
office under Pitt, and became one of the most eager
for war. He was a great patron of " old English
sports," boxing, dog-fighting, &c. The Wind-
hams are an old Norfolk family.
It is remarkable that Fitzpatrick, a contempo-
rary and an admirer, should, in an ode addressed
to Windham, mis-spell his name : —
" My Wyndham spare, in bloom of youth,
Endued with knowledge, genius, truth,
Fitted for virtue's shrine ;
O Jebb! appease the fever's strife,
(Britain owes you her Glo'ster's life)
I'll sing your skill divine."
(N. F. H.for Wit, voL ii. p. 162.)
I know nothing about the illness of the Duke
of Gloucester here alluded to.
After all Wyndham and Windham came from
the same stock. See Collins's Peerage, 4th vol.
p. 401. W.D.
MB. DOCKWBA OF THE PENNY POST. — It IS not
always known what became of those who have dis-
tinguished themselves in their later days. Per-
haps the following note of the death of the pre-
decessor of Rowland Hill may be valuable : —
" 171G, Sept. 25, Mr. Dockwra, the first projector of the
penny post office, died, aged near 100 years,"
as recorded in the Historical Register of thatyear.
DAFFY'S ELIXIR. — Until I read the following, I
had always considered this name to be an Assumed
one. Perhaps the perusal of it by others may be
equally instructive .
" 1732, Aug««30. Died at her home, in Salisbury Court,
Mrs. Daffy, preparer of the Elixir known by that name."
W.P.
[Her husband, Antony Daffy, died October 8, 1750. —
Gent. Mag. xx. 477. — ED.]
AN OLD FRIKND IN A NEW DRESS. —
If deservedly praise on the Times was conferr'd
For liHvin^ first us'd, where I am
Glad to see it retain'd as the most proper word
For the Telegraph's news — Telegram ;
Why should we not all again hasten to school,
And in Greek grammar have a good cram,
And so learn to say, by the very same rule,
Not Photograph, but Photogram ?
Or suppose that we try, when around us there press
Many minds for all novelty ripe.
On that marvel of sunlight and shade a new dress,
Aud for Photograph, put Lucetype?
But if \re are told that's a dress that won't do, —
One at which a good linguist would laugh, —
Let us try on another that's only half new,
And use Phototype for Photograph.
So either let Photograph or Photogram,
Or Lucetype fill up the space.
From which we remove Phototype in a gram-
matical kind of disgrace.
Da. JOHN ASKEW. — Will any of the readers of
" N. & Q.," who may have access to sources of in-
formation, such as Cole's MSS. in the British Mu-
seum, under "Emmanuel College Records " (one of
the Cole Volumes), be so kind as to acquaint me,
through the medium of your useful publication,
with any particulars of the birth-place and parent-
age of Dr. John Askew, admitted June, 1754,
and proceeding through the intermediate degrees,
D.D., 1786. He was incumbent of North Cad-
bury, Somerset, a college living, and married
twice; the name of one wife, Frances Pochin; the
name of the other is desired, and whether the
Doctor's first or second wife. E. W.
BELL AT CAMPDEN CHURCH, GLOUCESTER-
SHIRE. — Stow, or rather his successor, says (vol. i.
part i. p. 288, edit. 1720), that Sir Baptist Hicks,
who died in 1629, gave a bell to this church which
cost 66J. Is this bell now in existence ? If so,
could its dimensions and weight be given ? It
would give a clue to the value of metal at that
period. A. A.
Poets' Corner.
LARGE BELLS AT CANTERBURY AND ELT. — In
the edition of Dugdale's Monasticon (folio, 1817,
vol. i. p. 85), it is stated that Wibert, the prior,
gave to Christ Church a bell, so large, that it re-
quired thirty-two men to ring it ; but no authority
or reference is afforded. At present I have not
the opportunity of access to the chroniclers.
3rd S. II. Nov. 1, '62.]
NOTES AND QUEIilES.
349
Could any reader of " N. & Q." kindly supply
the passage ?
In the Cole MS. (vol. xxvii. p. 7), is this
entry : —
" Annis 19 & 20 Edw. III., by the direction of Prior
Alan de Walsingham, one magisfer Joannes de Glocestria,
bell-founder, cast these bells in Ely western steeple : the
Mary weighing 2180lbs; the John, 2704lb8; the Jesus,
3792lb> ; the Walsingham, 6280""."
This must have been an extraordinary work for
those days. The larger bell would be about the
weight of the tenor at Bow Church, Cheapside.
But this used to be rung easily by three men,
often by two. What sort of bell must it have
been to require thirty-two ringers ?
What was the probable scale of notes of the
bells at, Ely ? The largest seems to have been
much deeper in tone than that next above it, it
being nearly double the weight. The difference
between the first and second is only 524 Ibs. ; be-
tween the second and third, 1 088 Ibs. ; while be-
tween the third and fourth, there is a difference
of 2488 Ibs. The proportions seem to indicate
descending notes something like C, B, G, C ; not
an unusual scale abroad. Alau de Walsingham
was made prior in 1341. A. A.
Poets' Corner.
ENIGMA ATTRIBUTED TO PRAED. — Some amus-
ing Notes having recently appeared with regard
to Praed's Enigmas, I should be glad if an answer
can be given to the following, which is attributed
to him : —
" The Reverend Hildebrand Pusey de Vere,
Whose living -was worth some two thousand a-year,
Was a pattern of parsons — wrote rhythmical flummery
Far better than Gaber, or Keble, or Gomery :
His parishioners all might be Brahmins or Hindoos,
If they'd only subscribe for stained glass in the win-
dows.
But of all his offences, perhaps this was the worst,
He entered the lectern arrayed in my first.
" His brother, Sir Arthur, a careless M.P.,
Was a man about town, full of frolic and glee ;
His creed was my second — good Hildebrand's homilies
He thought dry and dusty, and full of anomalies ;
Well loved he clear music of foxhound and horn,
When the Autumn sun rose on brown uplands of
Quorn.
He never drank wine of inferior quality,
And lie lived in my whole with a great deal of jollity."
ALFRED JOHN TRIX.
SIR MARK KENNAWAT, KNIGHT. — The query
about this knight, which, appeared 2nd S. iv. 368 ;
ix. 27, has not yet been answered — quis et unde ?
In 1716 he was one of many committed to the
Savoy for divers treasonable acts. CCRIOSCS.
SEAL. — In my cabinet of seals I
have one of a municipal character, which I am at
a loss to assign to any specific town or city. The
device is a castellated building, surmounted by
three cupolas or turrets. An eagle stands on the
balustrade, and below the gateway of the castle is
a lion passant, with a singularly prolonged tail.
The legend reads : — * IN FANI : PORTIS : CUSTOS :
EST : HIC : LEO : FOBTIS. Any information or sug-
gestion respecting it will be very useful to me.
M.D.
ARTHUR O'CONNOR'S MEMOIRS. — The follow-
ing is an extract from " N. & Q." 1st S. v. 579
(19th June, 1852): —
"Having inquired from O'Connor [in the year 1834]
whether he did not intend to publish the events of his
variegated life, he told me that he was preparing the nar-
rative; but, on mentioning to his wife [whose father was
the Marquis de Condorcet] that he had made this ac-
knowledgment, she immediately called on me with an
earnest request that I would dissuade him from doing so.
She did not explain her motive, and I only promised to
avoid the future renewal of the subject in our conversa-
tions. As yet, whatever preparations he may have made,
the press has not been resorted to ; though, if in exist-
ence, as may be presumed, the work, or its materials, /
will not, mo'st probably, be suffered to remain in closed '
and mysterious secrecy. The Memoirs, for so he entitled
it, cannot fail to be most interesting ; for he was a man
of truth, and incapable of misrepresentation, though, of
course, liable to misconception, in his recital of events ;
nor can it be denied, that a history, in any degree worthy
of the theme — that is, of the Irish Rebellion — is still un-
published. Whatever objection may have prevented the
publication during his life, none, I should suppose and
hope, can now be urged after his death," &c.
Can any correspondent of " N. & Q." give in-
formation respecting Arthur O'Connor's Memoirs ?
Is the narrative in existence? If so, where? and
is there any likelihood of its publication ? " No
descendant," as stated by J. R. (of Cork), " either
of Condorcet or O'Connor, now survives."
ABHBA.
OLIVER, EARL OF TTRCONNEL. — As is stated
in Archdall's Lodges Peerage of Ireland, vol. iv.
p. 317, Oliver Fitzwilliam, Earl of Tyrconnel
(who succeeded his father in the viscounty of
Fitzwilliam of Merrion, and barony of Thorn-
castle, in the county of Dublin), married, first
Dorothy, daughter of Brereton, Esq., of
Malpas, in Cheshire; and, secondly, the Lady
Eleanor Holies, eldest daughter of John, first Earl
of Clare, who survived him. And yet I find in the
Parliamentary Papers (1844), vol. xli. p. 604, that
by letter of privy seal, dated 20th April, 1657,
Oliver Cromwell granted to this same "Oliver
Viscount Fitzwilliams of Merrion, in Ireland, au-
thority to receive such moneys as should arise
from two-thirds of the estate of Mary Plunkett,
his mother-in-law, under special circumstances
herein set forth." The Earl of Tyrconnel, I may
add, " died at his hou.se i" Meryong [Merrion,
near Dublin,] April llth, 1667."
Will any one oblige me with an explanation of
this discrepancy ? ABHBA.
POLITICAL NICK-NAMES. — Can any reader of
" N. & Q." say where I can find a list of the prin-
350
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'd S. II. Nov. 1, '62.
cipal political nicknames which occur so frequently
in the squibs, ballads, and caricatures of the last
century. Pulteney, I know, was as frequently
designated Caleb and Sqiiabb as Wai pole Robin or
Bluestring; Bolingbroke was Gambol, and Harley,
Earl of Oxford, was Harlequin.
" Here be <le politique Harli-quin, mind him ;
You never shall twice in the same posture find him."
If no such list exist, any readers of "N. & Q-,"
who can contribute to its pages materials for such
a literary desideratum, would, I have no doubt,
oblige many others as well as PHILO FUN.
" RELATION OF A WHALE, 1679." — A copy of
the " Relation of a monstrous and prodigious
Whale cast on shore at Rings-End near Dublin,
1679 " (four leaves inlaid), was sold by Messrs.
Sotbeby and Wilkinson on. the 21st of last July
(lot 258.) If this "Relation " appeared in a pe-
riodical, as was probably the case, will you kindly
tell me where to find it ? ABHBA.
RELIGIOUS TESTS. — What are the several re-
ligious tests in Roman Catholic, Protestant Dis-
senting, and Scotch Kirk, places of education in
Great Britain, by which entrance, advantage, emo-.
lament, degree, or office, is accompanied or barred ?
Any one kind enough to reply would further
oblige by keeping the title and denomination of
each seminary and its tests, actual or virtual, dis-
tinct from those of others : mentioning, also, if
possible, the successive stages at which a test is
taken, and the nature of such test.
S. F. CRESWELL, M.A.
The School, Durham.
SLIPPER ARMS. — What were the arms borne
by a family of the name of" Slipper of Norfolk,"
a name mentioned in Blomefield's History of
Norfolk, among the lists of the Rectors of Lop-
ham (1681), Reydon (1664), and Rising (1664) ?
R. A. S.
: SCANDINAVIAN RACE. —What were the ancient
territorial limits of this race ? C.
THAMES ENCROACHMENTS. — How far inwards
towards the Strand did the Thames extend pre-
vious to the erection of the Adelphi Terrace by
Adams ? The Strand has, it is well known, been
the highway between the City and Westminster
for centuries, following probably near the same
course as it does at the present day ; but the
river, it would seem, must formerly have ap-
proached it much more nearly. In the New
Foundling Hospital, iv. 189 (ed. 1784), are the
following bitter lines on the encroachments made
by the Adams: —
' Four Scotchmen, by the name of Adams,
Who ketp their coaches and their madam?,'
Quoth John, in sulky mood, to Thomas,
' Have stole the very river from us.' ;
" O, Scotland, long has it been said,
Thy teeth are sharp for Kn-jlish bread;
What! seize our bread and water too,
And use us worse than jailors do ;
T is true, 't is hard ! 't is hard, 't is true.
" Ye friends of George and friends of James,
Envy us not our river Thames ;
The Princess, fond of raw-boned faces.
May give you all our posts and places;
Take all — to gratify your pride,
But dip your oatmeal in the Clyde."
T. E.
WHEN WILL THE PRINCE OF WALES ATTAIN HI»
MAJORITY? — The popular answer to this ques-
tion is, on the ninth of November ; but this is an
error. The Prince was born November 9, 1841 ;
and as there cannot be twenty-two ninths of No-
vember in twenty-one years, he will be of age on
the eighth ; for on the ninth, he will be twenty-
Qne years and a day. I can cite a case in proof
within my own knowledge. In the mouth of June,
1829, there was an election of a member to serve
in Parliament for the University of Cambridge.*
The poll was taken on the 16th, 17th, and 18th of
that month. On the last day of the poll the pre-
sent Earl of Abingdon, then Lord Norreys, ten-
dered his vote ; which was objected to by the-
opposite Committee on the ground that, as he
was born on the 19th of June, 1808, he was a
minor. The case was argued before the Vice-
Chancellor of the University and his legal asses-
sor, and Lord Norreys' vote was received on
reasons similar to those I have given. E. V.
WEEK. — What is considered the root of this
word? (Wuce, A.S.) C.
HORACE WALPOLE. — An edition of his Cata-
logue of Engravings, from the MSS. of George
Vertue, in 8vo, was published in 1794. London,
printed by J. Moore, for J. Caulfield, T. Coram,.
and G. Barrett, 1794. This edition is not men-
tioned either by Watt or by Lowndes. I have
two copies, both having the title-page as above,
but one of them has an additional title-page, which
has an engraved view of Strawberry Hill, and de-
scribes the work as " reprinted from the edition of
Strawberry Hill. London, printed for Eglin and
Pepys; price half a guinea, boards" (no date).
Docs this latter title-page belong to a different
edition? or, if not, is it known why there should
be two title-pages to the same work with different
publishers' names ? R. J. R.
" OCEANIA." — " Sir Philip Sydney's Ourania ,-
that is, Endimion's Song and Tragedie, containing
all Philosophic. Written by N. B. 4to. London,
* The candidates were Mr. Cavendish, now Duke of
Devonshire, and the late Mr. George Banks, Cursitor
Baron. Lord Norreys voted for the latter.
3rd S. II. Nov. 1, 'C2.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
351
1606." Has it not long since been settled, before
the time of Watt, and since the Bibliotheca Anglo-
Poetica was published, up to the present time,
that Nicholas Breton was the author of the above ?
And so I thought, Mr. Editor, until my attention
was now invited to an investigation of the matter
upon having bought a copy of the work, and I
find that Breton is not the undisputed author.
In the Catalogue of a very valuable and im-
portant collection of early English poetry, from
the library of an eminent collector deceased, which
was sold by Messrs. Sotheby & Wilkinson on 29th
and 30th June, 1854, is Lot 141 : —
" Baxter (Nathaniel), Sir Philip Sidney's Ourania, fyc.,
very rare, Sykes's Cop}-. Edit. Allde, 1606. — *»* This
Poem has often been erroneously ascribed to Nicholas
Breton. The Author was Tutor to Sir Philip Sidney."
In Sykes's Catalogue, Breton is named as the
author, and the new claim of Nathaniel Baxter
appears to have been first put forth in 1854 ; but
whether it was doubted or overlooked, in the sub-
sequent Catalogue of Harward's sale at Sotheby's
in 1858, Breton is mentioned as author of the
edition* jf 1653. In the new edition of Lowndes
a note is appended to the work, under Breton's
name, stating that Mr. Hunter alleges Baxter, the
tutor of Sir Philip Sidney, is the author. Will
some of your learned contributors kindly en-
lighten me as to the authorship, and explain on
what grounds Mr. Hunter ascribed it to Baxter ?
CATO.
[Mr. Hunter's reasons for attributing Sir Philip Sid-
ney's Ourania, 1606, to Nathaniel Baxter, are stated in
his Illustrations of Shaki>peare, 1845, i. 354. He says :
" The writer of this poem (hitherto supposed to be Bre-
ton) was evidently a clergyman, and a tutor of Sir Philip
Sidney. His poetical name is Endymion ; and we have
an evident reason why he gives himself this name. He
lived at the place called Troy. This suggested to me
the probability that something might be learned respect-
ing the author by inquiries respecting Troy : and I soon
found that there was at the time when this poem was
printed an incumbent of Troy, whose name was Na-
thaniel Baxter. He compounded for his First Fruits on
entering on the living of Troy on May 26, 1602. With
the name of the author thus before us, we are at no loss
to understand the propriety of the name Tergaster, which
Sir Philip Sidney appears sportively to have given to his
tutor — that is, Back-ster. We find, indeed, a more di-
rect allusion to his name where, speaking of an enemy of
his, he says :
' Baxter •o-mastix may disparage me.'
There are works in divinity by Nathaniel Baxter, with
his name at full : and in one of them, Calvin's Lectures
on Jonah, translated by him, 1578, there is a poem by
him, entitled The Complaint."']
PROPHECY OF THE WHITE KING, CHARLES I. —
In an article upon astrology and alchemy, which
appeared in the Quarterly Review for October,
1821, referring to the prognostications of the mis-
fortunes of the Stuarts as exemplified in the case
of Charles I., the writer states : —
" Charles, yielding to his destiny, was obstinate in the
signs of evil death. He refused to be clad in the gar-
ments of Edward the Confessor, in which all his prede-
cessors had been arrayed, and he would be attired in
white satin. Strongly did the Earl of Pembroke attempt
to dissuade him— for the prophecy of the misfortunes of
the White K'mg'ha.A long been current— but his entreaties
were vain ; and Charles was crowned, invested with the
raiment which indicated his misfortunes."
Is this statement correct ? If it be so, to whom
is the prophecy attributed, or where may it now
be found ? If there be anything in this story,
the circumstance of the pall at the king's funeral,
which took place on the 9— 19th of February,
1648-9, being covered and whitened by the falling
snow, was at least a singular coincidence.
ROBERT H. BOWNESS, M.D.
Poulton le Fylde.
[It was the lot of Charles I. to live in an age of omens,
when trifles as light as air were afterwards expounded
into presages. At his coronation he was clothed in
white satin, instead of the regal purple of his ancestors.
This, of course, was considered ominous ; and he was re-
minded, that of two exceptions to the rule, Richard II.
and Henry VI., who wore white satin at their corona-
tions, both had come to a violent end. This circumstance
gave occasion for one of the astrological divinations of that
prince of prognosticators and time-serving rascal, William
Lilly. The wit of Butler and the graphic sketch of
Hogarth have given Sidrophel and his man Whackum a
niche in the Temple of Fame to the latest posterity.
Lilly, availing himself of a popular tradition, published
A Prophecy of the White King, 4to, said to be " recorded in
man}r ancient libraries ; and amongst the rest, in Sir Robert
Cotton's at Westminster. The original hereof was found by
the Lady Poston of the County of Northampton, amongst
the evidences of Edward the Fourth his time." In his
Autobiography he informs us that, "in the year 1644, I
published The White King's Prophecy, of which there
were sold in three days eighteen hundred, so that it was
oft reprinted: I then made no commentary upon it."
Again : " In 1646, I printed a collection of prophecies,
with the explanation and verification of Aquila, or The
White King's Prophecy.'" Lilly's interpretation of this
prophecy is given in his Observations upon the Life and
Death of Charles /., edit. 1774, p. 258, entitled " A Pro-
phecy of the White King, wrote by Ambrose Merlin,
nine hundred years since, concerning Charles the late
King." For another explanation of it, our correspon-
dent may consult the following work : The Sword's
Apology, and Necessity in the Act of Reformation, with a
further Explanation of The Prophecy of the White King,
and the Eagle, and the Eagle's Chicken in the same
Prophecy mentioned. By Christofer Syms, Gent. Lon-
don, printed for Tho. Warren, 1644, 4to.]
PETRUS PICTAVENSIS. — Are there any works
extant, of a chronicler known as " Petrus Picta-
vensis." I find reference made to him in a chro-
nicle of English history compiled in the reign of
Richard II., wherein the words of this Peter con-
cerning King Canute are particularly quoted.
Can any of your readers help me in elucidating
this WILLIAM HENRY HART, F.S.A.
Streatham.
[There is another early writer of the names Petrus
Pictaviensis, but the "Chronicler" alluded to by our
correspondent is no doubt Peter Berchoriw, a Benedic-
tine, who died at Paris in 1362. Basilius Johannes
352
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. Nov. i
Heroldus mentions Berchorius as tho author of a C/ironi-
con, a, word which may imply (say* VVarton), though
not with exact propriety, his Gexto. liomanomm. It ia
in the Epistle dedicator}' of his edition of the Chronicles
of Marianus Scolus, and Martinua Polonus, addressed to
Queen Elizabeth, in which he promises to publish many
Latin Chronica, among others that of Peter Berchorius.
Peter Langius, however, who wrote about the year 1400,
in his enumeration of Berchorius's writings, says nothing
of this compilation. For an account of Berchorius, Pic-
tavien.sis, and of his writings, see Warton's History of
English Poetry, vol. i. pp. cc. to ccvii. edit. 1840, 8vo. J
HORACE WALPOLE. — I possess a copy in MS.
of the second edition (1759) of his Royal and
Noble Authors, which formerly belonged to the
late Mr. James Jones, of the Admiralty. It has
the appearance of a MS. prepared for the press,
and has some corrections, which are stated, upon
very good authority, to be in the handwriting of
Walpole himself.
On a spare leaf at the beginning of the volume
are copies of two letters by Horace Walpole
" from the British Museum," relating to this
work. One is of the letter to Dr. Birch, of the
4th May, 1758, which is given t>y Mr. Cunning-
ham ; the other, which is, I presume, also to Dr.
Birch, ^but is without address, I do not find in
Mr. Cunningham's edition, and I therefore sub-
join a copy. I have little doubt that it was
transcribed by Mr. Jones, and that its genuineness
may be relied upon : —
" SIR, — I am extremely obliged to you for the favour
of your letter, and the enclosed curious one of Sr William
Herbert. It would have made a very valuable addition
to Ld Herbert's life, which is now too late, as I have no
hope that Ld Powis will permit any more to be printed.
There were indeed so very few — and but half of those for
my share — that I have not it in my power to offer you
a Copy, having disposed of my part. It is really a pity
that so singular a curiosity should not be public ; but I
must not complain, as Lord Powis has been so good as to
indulge mv request thus far.
" I am, Sir,
" Yo* much obliged humble Serv',
" HOB. WALPOLE.
"Sept. 3, 1759."
Query. Has the " curious " letter of Sir William
Herbert appeared in print ? R. J. R.
[Horace Walpole's letter is among Dr. Birch's manu-
scripts in the British Museum (Addit. MS. 4320.) ' The
date should be Sept. 3, 1764. The " curious letter " of
Sir William Herbert is also in the same collection
(Addit. MS. 4173, p. 4), apparently an autograph of Sir
William's. It is printed in the Gent. Mag. vol. Iv. pt. i.
p. 32.]
CANTERBURY GALLOP. — In the 1st vol. of
Johnson's Dictionary, edition printed for J. Knap-
ton, 1760, I find the following :
" Canterbury Gallop. The gallop of an ambling horse,
commonly called a canter."
Wanted particulars as to the origin of this am-
plification. W. I. S. HORTON.
[Canterbury in this phrase is not an amplification of
the word canter ; but the latter is usually considered a
corruption of the former. Canterbury, applied to a slow
gallop, occurs in an old book called CYiVus's If 'hi nates,
and is likewise used so lately as by Dennis, OH the
Prelim, to the Dunclad, both quoted by Nares. Berenger
(a better horseman probably than etymologist1,
clined to doubt upon the common reason given for the
usage of this word; viz. that it is derived from the pil-
grims riding at this pace to Canterbury : and he suggests
the Latin cantherius, a gelding (see Gesner) ; horses of
that kind, from the calmness of their temper, performing
this soft and easy pace (now called canter) with the
greatest docility ; and the appellation of the animal being
transferred to the pace. Berenger, On Horsemanship,
quoted by Richardson.]
PUDDLE-DOCK GAOL. — Where was this prison
situated, and when abolished ? F.
[The only allusion to this gaol that we have met with
is in Hudibras, Part in. canto iii. line 590, where we read
that the old dull sot of a justice who attended at Bride-
well when petty criminals were whipped, is said to have
sent —
" Many a trusty pimp and croney,
To Puddle-dock for want of money."
To which an early annotator has added the following note :
" There was a gaol for puny offenders." It was probably
only a cage for juvenile delinquents, or one of the spong*-
ing-houses belonging to the sheriffs at Paddle-Dock,
Blackfriars, a property belonging to the authorities of
the city of London, which formerly conferred the pseudo
titles of the " Duke and Countess of Puddle-Dock.'*]
" QuAKTULtJMANQOB." — I have before me two
editions (Murray, 1844, 1860) of Croker's Bos-
well's Johnson, each of which mentions Sir William
Petty's Quantulumanque concerning Money ; but I
can find no such word in my Latin Lexion, and
Sir William's essay is not at the moment penes me.
Will somebody kindly enable me to correct my
copies ? E. L. S.
[Sir William Petty's work is entitled Quantulumcunque
concerning Money, Lond. 1682, 4to; 1760, 8vo.]
SIR DAVID XIMENES. — I shall be very thank-
ful for any information respecting the bearer of
the above illustrious name. Dr. Hefele of Tubin-
gen, in his valuable Life of Cardinal Ximenes
(Ed. Tubingen, 1851, p. 45), mentions that a
Lieut.-General Sir David Ximenes was for some
time in the English service, and that he died in
Berkshire, August, 1848, aged seventy-one. In a
note, Dr. Hefele refers to the Augsburg Attg.
Zeitung, No. 246, p. 3917, &c. Sir David is be-
lieved to have been a descendant of the great Car-
dinal Ximenes. JOHN DALTON.
St. John's, Norwich.
[Biographical notices of Sir David Ximenes will be
found in the Gentleman's Magazine for October, 1848,
p. 424 ; and the Annual Register, vol. xc. p. 246. Con-
sult also " N. & Q." 2nd S. iv. 190, 258 ; v. 138.]
Steplterf.
ALCHEMY.
X3rd S. ii. 270.)
As antiquaries, we are not to forget alchemy,
the cousin of astrology — a ".popular credulity" of
* S. IL Nov. 1, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
353
the seventeenth century. A word both on the
relationship and the character.
Alchemy was an aspiration, an inquiry ; astro-
logy was an assertion of'power obtained. Alchemy
thought that substanc.es could be transmuted, and
tried to find out how to do it : astrology declared
that the future could be foretold from the stars —
that she knew how to do it, had been doing it
from all time, and was ready to go on.
Some alchemists declared they had obtained
gold: these, and these only, were the scientific
cousins of the astrologers. And it must be re-
membered that the list of writers would contain a
much larger proportion of the successful than of
the others.
Alchemy was more than a " popular" credulity.
Newton and Boyle were among the earnest in-
quirers into it. There is the letter of Newton to
Oldenberg in 1676 ; in which, speaking of some
rumours about what Boyle had been doing, he
says that he " hopes the great wisdom of the noble
author will sway him to high silence, till he shall
be resolved of what consequence the thing may
be . . ." . The future Master of the Mint felt a
little uneasy about the coinage. The very work
which A. A. mentions, by Philaletha, exists among
the Portsmouth Papers, covered with notes in
Newton's handwriting (Brewster, vol. ii. p. 371) —
and this not the only one.
Since the discovery of totally different substances
composed of the very same elements, which modern
chemistry has established, our chemical philo-
sophers begin to recognise the possibility of the
metals being transmutable. Many suspect them
to be compound bodies ; and it has been hinted
that oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon, perhaps
even hydrogen and carbon alone, are the com-
ponents of all matter. Faraday says that the
doctrine of the alchemists, on the transmutation
of metals, is no longer opposed to the analogies
of science. If not so now, it never was : it was
only opposed to the analogies of savans.
For myself, if they will only leave me a soul to
go on with, I will not object to being bodily such
sort of hydro-carburet as the analogies of science
shall please to ordain. But there are whispers
that man is to be only a developed gorilla ; and if
to this it be joined that the poor monkey is
nothing but hydrogen and carbon, it will be insult
added to injury. In the meantime, we had better
not be too knowing about the credulities of former
ages : in more than one matter it seems likely,
that in rooting up the tares, some of the wheat
has been lost.
I will end with a Query. Can any of your
readers detect the phrase, experimentum crucis,
among the alchemists ? I have heard of their
crux ; but I want the whole phrase.
A. DE MORGAN.
LIST OF AMERICAN CENTS AND TOKENS.
(3rd S. ii. 184.)
In compliance with the suggestion of DR. CLAY,
I send you a list of sixty-four American cents,
&c., in my cabinet, which are not included in DB.
CLAY'S list or in that of SPAL (3rd S. ii. 238) : —
1. 1773. Halfpenny, head of George III., " Georgius III.
Rex." Rev. Arms of Great Britain and Ire-
land, " Virginia." This is said to be the
last American coin struck by the British go-
vernment.
2. 1776. Pewter, diam. 1£ inch. In the centre " Ameri-
can Congress — We are one," surrounded by a
circle of links, each link inscribed with the
name of one of the thirteen States. Rev.
The sun shining on a dial, " Mind your busi-
ness— E. G. Fecit. — Fugio, Continental Cur-
rency." This piece is engraved in Knight's
Pictorial History of the Reign of George III.
vol. i. p. 688, where it is said to be the first
coin issued by the Americans.
3. 1783. Size of the cent, " U. S.," within a wreath
" Libertas, Justitia." Rev. An eye surrounded
by rays, and 13 stars, "Constellatio Nova."
4. 1785. Same as the last, but " U. S." in flourished capi-
tals, and the legend " Libertas et Justitia."
5. . Same size. A plantation, below, a plough, " Ver-
monts. Res Publica." Rev. An eye surrounded
by raj's, and 13 stars, " Stella Quarta De-
cima."
6. 1786. Same as the last, but reads " Vermontensium
Res Publica."
7. . Same as Dr. Clay's, 1787, No. 4, except the
date.
8. 1787. Same size. The sun shining on a dial, " Mind
your business. — Fugio." Rev. In the centre
"United States — We are one," surrounded
by a chain of 13 links.
9. . Same size. A shield of arms ; supporters, two
women, crest, a bird, " Excelsior." Rev.
Spread eagle with shield of arms on breast,
round its head 13 stars, " E Pluribus Unum."
(New York?)
10. . Same size. Laureated head to the right, " Nova
Eborac." Rev. Woman seated, holding a
branch and a pole, surrounded by a cap of
Iibert3% a shield of arms by her side, " Virt.
etLib." (New York.)
11. . Same as Dr. Clay's, 1788, except the date.
12. . Half cent. Same as last except size, and the
words " Half Cent."
13. 1789. Size of cent, head of Washington to left in
military dress, " Geo. Washington, born Vir-
ginia, Feb. 11, 1732." Rev. "General of the
American Armies, 1775, Resigned 1783, Pre-
sident of the United States, 1789."
14. 1791. Similar to Dr. Clay's, 1791, but the date on the
rev., the eagle smaller, clouds and 8 stars
round the head of the eagle, and the inscribed
scroll omitted.
15. 1794. Same as Dr. Clay's, 1793, No. 5, except the
date, and the head being turned the reverse
way.
16. . A ship sailing, " Talbot, Allum, & Lee, New
York, One Cent." Rev. Woman standing by
a bale of goods, and holding a pole sur-
mounted by a cap of liberty — " Liberty &
Commerce." On the edge, "Payable at the
store of."
354
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. Nov. 1, '6.».
17. 1795. A ship sailing, "At the Store of Talbot, Allum,
& Lee, New York." Rer. Same as the last
except the date. On the edge " We Promise
to Pay the Bearer One Cent."
18. 1800. Same as Dr. Clay's, 1797, No. 1, except the
date.
19. . Same as last, except size " Half Cent," and
• ni'i-
20. 1803. Same as last, except date.
21. 1804. Do. do.
22. 1806. Do. do.
23. 1807. Same as No. 18 except date.
21. 1808. Cent, head of liberty to left (not heraldically)
surrounded by 13 stars. On a fillet round the
forehead " Liberty." Rev. Same as No. 18,
but J^ omitted.
25. 1809. Half Cent, same as last except date, and " Half
Cent."
20. 1810. Same as No. 24 except date.
27. 1811. Do. do.
28. 1812. Do. do.
29. 1816. Similar to the last, but a different arrangement
of the hair.
30. 1818. Same us last, except date.
31. 1819. Do. do.
32. 1821. Do. do.
33. 1824. Do. do.
34. 1825. Do. do.
35. 1828. Do. do.
36. 1832. Do. do.
37. 1833. Do. do.
88. 1834. A boar running, " Perish Credit, Perish Com-
merce— My Victory, my Third Heat — Down
•with the Bank." Rev. Bust of a military
officer, " My Substitute for the U. S. Bank.—
My Experiment, my Currency, my Glory."
Size of cent.
39. 1835. Same as No. 29, except date.
40. . A building, " Merchants' Exchange, Wall St.
N. York, Built, 1827, Burnt, 1835." Rev.
"Not One Cent for Tribute — Millions for
Defence." The five first words surrounded
by a wreath. Size of cent.
41. 1836. Woman seated, holding a wreath and a pole
surmounted by a cap of liberty, by her side
an eagle standing on a shield of arms ; be-
hind her a caduceus, cornucopia, &c. ; before
her a ship, spinning-wheel, wheat-sheaf, &c.
41 American Institute, New York — H." Rev.
" Copy of a Gold Medal Awarded to R. & W.
Robinson for the best Military, Naval, Sport-
ing, & plain Buttons." Size of cent.
42. . Same as No. 29, except date.
48. 1837. A phoenix in flames, "Substitute for Shin
Plaster, Nov*, 1837." Rev. "May Tenth,
1837 ; " within a wreath, " Specie Payments
suspended." Size of cent.
44. . Obv. Same as Dr. Clay's, 1837, No. 2. Rev.
Same as my No. 40.
45. . The face of a dial, "Time is Money." Rev.
"Smith's Clock Establishment, No. 7J,
Bowery, New York." Size of cent.
46. . A boot, "Henry Anderson, Mammoth Boot,
Chatham Square, New York." Rev. " Henry
Anderson, Cheap Boot and Shoe Store, Chat-
ham Square, New York." Size of cent.
47. 1840. Similar to No. 29, except date.
48. 1845. Same as last, except date.
49. 1847. Do. do.
50. 1849. Do. do.
61- • Size of the half cent, brass. Head of liberty
surrounded by stars, as on the cents. Hcv. A
gold-dipper at work, "California."
52. 1850. Same as No. 47, except the date.
53. 1854. Do. do.
54. 1857. Thick whitish metal, diam. ". inch., an eagle
flying, " United States of America." Rev.
u One Cent " within a wreath.
55. 1858. Same as last, except the date.
66. 1859. Head of liberty to the left, with a crown of
feathers, " Liberty " on a band across the
forehead, "United States of Amerir.i." Same
reverse, size, and metal as the last.
57. 1860. Same as last except the date, and a shield of
arms at the top of the reverse.
58. 1861. Same as last, except the date.
59. Nodate. Laureated head to left, " Vermon. Avctori."
Rev. Britannia seated, " Inde. et Lib.," date
below, but not legible. Size of cent.
60. Same as Dr. Clay's, 1787, No. 3, but the head
the reverse way. Rer. Blank.
Cl. . Bust of Washington in military dress, "Wash-
ington." Rev. Same head, " One Cent"
62. . Size of penny. Same as Dr. Clay's, 1795, No.
3, except the size and date; and on the edge,
"An Asylum for the Oppress'd of all Na- .
tions."
63. . " Cloths, Cassimeres, & Vesting*, W°» H. Mil-
ton & Co., Merchant Tailors, NM 4 & 6,
Faneuil Hall, Boston." Rev. " Paneuil Hall
Clothes Warehouse. An Extensive Assort-
ment of Fashionable ready made Clothing."
Size of cent.
64. . An ornamental comb, " Alfred Willard, 149,
Washington St., Boston." Rev. " Importer of
Jewelry, Fancy Goods, Cutlery, &c. Brushes,
Perfumery, Combs, &c., Wholesale or Retail."
Size of cent.
I may mention that, in addition to the above, I
have nearly all those mentioned by DR. CLAY and
by SPAL. I beg to add a few remarks on DR.
CLAY'S list : —
1781. This piece bears internal evidence of
British origin, and of having been struck more
than ten years later than the date indicates.
1783. No. 2. What is here described as a naked
bust, should, I think, have been called a bust
clothed with the paludamentum. I have two
specimens of such ; one has "T. W.I." and " M. S."
in the exergue of the reverse ; the other is with-
out those letters.
1783. No. 3. This piece appears to have been
struck at least ten years later than the date indi-
cates. My specimen reads "Unity" instead of
" United."
1787. No. 3. Why is this attributed to Connecti-
cut ?
1787. No. 4. I have two varieties of this from
very different dies ; one has a small sprig below
the horse's head, and another below the shield.
1793. No. '2. 'I have two of these ; one reads on
the edge, " One Hundred for a Dollar." The
edge of the other is divided into compartment?,
containing stars and stripes alternately.
1795. Nos. 1 send 2. What is meant by " Thick
die Cent," and "Thin die Cent": I have two
cents of this date ; one has on the edge, " One
. II. Nov. 1, '62. ]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
355
Hundred for a Dollar." The other has a plain
edge.
1795. No. 3. This is probably of British manu-
facture. I have two ; one reads on the edge,
" Payable at London, Liverpool, or Bristol." The
other " Birmingham, Redrutb, & Swansea."
1839. Why termed " Bull Head "?
No dates. No. 1. There are three varieties of
these coins ; one has the word " Columbia " over
the head, another under the head, a third over the
head, and a bundle of fasces below. What is the
origin of these pieces ? I have seen them attri-
buted to the free state of Columbia, in South
America.
No dates. No. 3. In reply to the inquiry of
D N (3rd S. ii. 259), I may say that the letters on
the stars are K, HI, v1, v, NY, uc, MS, MD, sc, NH, D,
p, HJ, G, c. Why is this piece attributed to Ken-
tucky ? It is more probably English, as I have
several with different legends on the edge, mostly
.the names of English towns.
In concluding this very long " Note," I would
ask why SPAL (3rd S. ii. 238) attributes his 4th,
5th, and 7th pieces to America ? The last appears
to be a very common Irish token, of which I have
many varieties, generally reading on the edge
" Payable at Cronebane Lodge, or iruDublin."
J. C. WlTTON.
Bath.
[Dr. Clay sent us a revised list, which, on account
of its length, from his having repeated in it all the Cents
included in his first list, we have been unable to insert. —
ED. « N. & Q."]
RECORD COMMISSION;PUBLICATIONS.
(3rd S. ii. 101.)
Some weeks since, when I forwarded a few
Notes on the Appendices to Cooper's intended
Report on the Fcedera, and other unpublished
works of the late Record Commission, I ventured
to express a hope that some reader of " N. & Q.,"
who was acquainted with the subject, would for-
ward for insertion a complete list of works printed
(whether finished or unfinished) and never issued
by the Record Commission. As I see no other
correspondent has furnished such a list, I send a
few notes on some of the works alluded to. Re-
gretting that a long distance from any public
library, prevents as full a notice of their contents
as I would send were I able to procure access to
them : —
1. " Chartse, Privilegia, et Immunitates." (Irish.) Fo-
lio. — 92 pages, ending abruptly in a document, dated
March 26, 1395. The earliest document is dated 1171.
The principal sources from which the documents are
transcribed are, the Plea Rolls; the Memoranda Rolls;
the Patent Rolls ; and Archbishop Alan's Register. There
is no title-page; but the running title explains, with
sufficient accuracy, the class of documents printed.
2. "An Unfinished Calendar of Irish Patent Rolls,
temp. Henry viij."— 32 pages, ending abruptly, and most
appropriately, with the words : " Inrohnent unfinished."
These sheets contain the following years of the reisrn •
5,6; 22 and 24 to 37.
3. " Calendar of Patent Rolls, Ireland, 1 to 16 James I."
4. " Prefaces and Introductions to the Publications of
the old Record Board." — Printed in 4to. for the private
use of the Commissioners.
5. " Proceedings of His Majesty's Commissioners on
the Public Records of the Kingdom, June, 1832 — Aug.
1833." Edited by C. P. Cooper, Esq., vol. i. folio, 1833.—
I am informed that this volume, which I have never
seen, contains much valuable information not elsewhere
printed.
6. " Foedera, Literae, et Acta Pnblica anno 6° Johannis,
A.D. 1204." — Number of documents, 48. Uniform with
the new edition of Rymer's Foedera.
7. " Fo3dera, Literae, et Acta Publica, 1—6 Ricardi
II."— Number of documents 566, and 172 pages. This is
a portion of an unfinished volume of the edition of Ry-
mer's Fcedera, projected by the Commissioners.
8. Catalogue of Records remaining in the Office of the
King's Remembrancer of the Exchequer." — Folio, 28 pages,
to end of Henry III.'s reign.
9. " Calendar of Surveys of the Estates of King
Charles I., his Queen, and the Prince of Wales." — Taken
pursuant to an ordinance of Parliament, tempore inter-
regni. Complete, but never issued.
10. " Libraries and Repositories in which Works,
printed under the Direction of the Commissioners of
Public Records have been distributed." — Folio, one sheet,
Feb. 1835. At foot of list there is a note that certain of
the works — as Statutes of the Realm ; Domesday Book ;
New Edition of Rymer's Fcedera, &c. — have been pre-
sented to persons engaged in historical and antiquarian
researches.
For even the very slight acquaintance I possess
with the greater number of these, I am indebted
to the admirable Catalogues of Messrs. Sotheby
& Wilkinson, and other similar sources, as no
public library thaf I am acquainted with, in Ire-
land, possesses a complete set even of the few I
have named. At a future time, should these
Notes be inserted, I will add the titles of a few
other works ; printed under the direction of the
Record Board, but never issued to the public.
I trust that some one, who feels an interest in
the subject, will add to the above list ; or, if pos-
sible, give some clue to the fate of the works
enumerated. AIKEN IRVINE.
Fivemiletown.
ME. IKVINE will find one or more of the Ap-
pendices he inquires for in the last (or last but
one) number of Mr. John Gray Bell's Catalogue
(Manchester). I have not my copy at hand, to
give him a more particular reference. D. T.
QUOTATIONS, REFERENCES, ETC.
(3rd S. ii. 306.)
The 14th question of r seems to refer to the
history of S. Felix of Nola. This saint, being
hotly pursued at the close of the Decian per-
secution, took refuge in a ruinous old wall, the
356
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"> S. II. Nov. 1, '62.
aperture through which he passed being almost
immediately covered with a large spider's web.
His enemies not imagining that any person could
have entered a spot which was so closely covered
by a tender fabric which ordinarily requires much
time for its perfection, missed their prey ; and the
saint, reflecting upon the mode of his escape from
his blood-thirsty pursuers, observed, that " with
Christ's presence, a spider's web becomes a wall :
if He be absent, a wall is no better than a spider's
web." Praesente Christo, aranea fit murus: ab-
sente Christo, murus ft aranea. The circumstances
are recorded by S. Paulinus (A. D. 398), in a poem
in the Ada Sincera of lluinart, pp. 216-230, of
which the following lines refer to the event already
mentioned : —
"Et capiendus erat, quia nulling obicc claustri,
Hie repellendis locus obsistabat iniquis.
Nam foribus nullis, in publica rostra patebat
Semiruti paries malefulus fragmine imiri.
Sed divina mauus Sese sanctum inter et hostes
Opposuit, miroque locum munimiae sepsit ;
Non strae saxorum, neque ferratis data valvis
Claustra, per humanas quibus atria claudimus artes ;
Rudere Bed subito concrerit sordidus agger,
Jussaque nutantes intendit aranea telas,
Et sinibus tremulis in totum struxit a pert urn,
Desertseque dedit faciem sordere ruinse.
Quse simul occurrit minitantibus, obstupuerunt,
Defixoque gradu, sibimet dixere vicissim :
Nonne furor tentare aditus, aut credere quemqnam
Hac intrasse hominum, minimi qua signa dedissent
Vermiculi? raodicae rumpunt hsec retia muscae,
Nos penetrasse virum per clausa putamns inepti,
Et tenerum tanto non ruptuin corpore text um ? "
The saint is then introduced as saying, —
" Vana salus hominum, virtus mea'non mihi virtus,
Si caream virtnte Dei. Quo yasta gigantum
Robora ? quo Pharii regis ? ubi magna Hierichus ?
Omnibus exitio sua gloria, qua tumuerunt,
Cassa fuit. Neque vero suis virtutibus ista,
Sed magis infirmis divina potentia fregit
Hie gigas pueri funda pastoris obivit,
Ut canis : illam urbem sonitus solvere tubarom ;
Littorea jacuit Rex ille superbus arena,
Divitiaa regni pendens in funere nudo
Sic ubi Christtts adest nobis, et aranea mvro est :
At cut Christus abest, et murus aranea fiet.n
J. L. G.
Exeter.
The following are the best guesses I can make
at the authorities for some of the passages in-
quired for by r. : —
14. " Sicubi ChriBtns adest nobis, et aranea muro est, '
At cui Christus abest, et murus aranea fiet,"
which may be thus translated, or rather imitated —
With Christ, a cobweb is a wall to thee,
Without him, walls shall but as cobwebs be.
The verses embody the sense of the lines of St.
Faulinus of Nola, alluding to the escape of St.
Felix of Nola, by cobwebs miraculously closing
•up the hole in the wall, into which the saint had
crept to escape from his pursuers.
16. Probably grounded upon tlie followii:
tence of St. Chrysostom on the words of St. Paul :
Obsecro DOS ego vinclus, Sfc. —
" Magna dignitas ct multa, regno, consulatu, universis-
que major, pro Christo liguri."
18. " Has fiamtnas fidei calore non sentit, et dam
Christ! prsccepta cogitat. frigidum est illi omne quod pa-
titur." — S. Auy. tit S. Law., Serm. II
Again —
" Dum Christi ardet desMerio, persecutoris pcenam non
sentit — Divinus Salvatoris ardor inaterialem tyranni
restinxit ardorem." — Ibid., Serm. I.
St. Aiigtulin.
3. " Ergo ille tanquam Filius Dei unigenitus, etiam
primogenitus ex mortuis praedestinatus est, ex r
tione mortaorum." — Exposit. Epitt. ad Rom. Inchoat.,
lib. i.
5. " Accepernnt (Apostoli) ab eo retia verbi Dei, mise-
runt in rnundum tanquam in mare profundutn, ceperunt
quantam multitudinem Cbristianorum cernirous et inira-
mur." — Serm. de temp. CXLVIII. Fer. 4 Paschae, Serm. I.
7. * Incipiat ergo pie vivere in Christo, et probet quod
dicitur, incipit desiderare pennas eloncrere, fugere et
manere in deserto." — Enarrat in Ps. LIV.
Lactantius.
12. "Ubi Deus colitur unus; ubi vita et actaa omnis
ad iinuin caput et ad unam sum mam refertur. — Ilia enim
religio muta est, non tantum quia mutorum est, sed .quia
ritus ejus in manu et digitis est, non in corde, aut lingua,
sicut nostra vera est." — Divin. Instil., lib. iv. de vera Sap.
et Relig.
F. C. H.
"Mille mali species," &c. — Ovid, Bern. Amor.
" Lux prima gratia." — S. Aniir. HexaSm., lib. i. cap. ix.
" Umbra in Lege, imago in Evangelic, veritaa in Caeles-
tibus."— S. Ambr. in Psalm XXXVIII. § 25.
" Lux primogenia. «D a-fanyntu <s«ns i*uW"— S. Basil,
in Hexaem., horn. ii. § 8, torn. i. p. 2'J, B. Kd. Hen.
"Enter into thy bedchamber." — "Denique magisterio
suo Dominus secreto nos orare praecepit, in abditis et se-
motis locis, in cubiculis ipsis." — S. Cypr., De Orat. Dom.,
§iv.
"As Lactantius saith: — 'Omnis enim justitia ejus
similis erit humano corpori capnt non habenti." " — Dh.
Inst., lib. vi. cap. ix.
E. M.
KINGUE-FAIRE (3rd S. ii. 126, 299.) — It may
not be useless to furnish MKLETES with the pas-
sage of the Chronicle, of which he has been so kind
as to furnish an interpretation : —
"... Icelles divisions durans, aucuns grans seigneurs
dudit Royalme consentirent quo ting s'elevast et mis BUS,
ce que fist, et se faisoit nommer le Roy de qtiinqveinfare,
et avoit une Roynne qui pareillement se faiaoit nommer
la juiiiquefiirc. Et combien que elle se deist fenime,
toutteffois si estoit-ce ung homme fort pren et vaillant a
merveilles; et selon la rellacion d'aucuns dudit royalme,
ces personnages estoient deux grans seigneurs ; et affin
qu'ils ne fnssent point congnus du poeuple, avoient les
visaires colloure'a et pains de conllenrs. Et en c'est estat
assamblerent gens de guerre en grant nombre, comme de
chascun cinq mille combattans ou environ, dont chas-
cun d'eulx en avoit la moietfe" en son obelssance qui
tousjours estoient auprez de luy; et estoient gens tres
bien paiez de leurs gaiges, et p'ar ce moyen chascun lea
3** S. II. Nov. 1, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
357
sievoit. Et, pour 1'entretenement d'icelles gens de guerre,
faisoient les dis Roy et Roynne de grans empruntz, tant
aux gens d'eglise comme autres, oil ils savoient qu'il y
avoit argent ; et ceulx qui de ce faire estoient refusans
estoient du tout contraincts sans Justice. Et, en la fin,
par ces moyens, sourdirent et assamblerent bien xxx u
xl mille horames, & intencion de, au plus brief qu'ils por-
roient, eulx bouter en eaue, pour aller descendre en Nor-
mendie et faire resistence centre le roy Charles ; mais ce
ne firent pas, pour ce que encores sourdy en icellui roy-
aumc plus grans divisions, comme vous orez ci apprez."
G. DU FRESNE DE BEAUCOUBT.
WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR'S COMPANIONS (3rd S.
ii. 287.) — In the Journal TOrdre et la Liberte, a
journal published at Caen, will be found a detailed
account of the fete held at Dives (in the numbers
published on Tuesday, 19th, and Thursday, 21st
of August, 1862.)
G. DU FRESNE DE BEAUCOURT.
BREAKNECK CROWS (3rd S. ii. 306.) — The
above heading reminds me of a few notes, which
have been lately haunting me, respecting my
friends and neighbours, the rooks. The evolution
of tumbling, which they perform quite as artisti-
cally as the tumbler pigeon, always, I think, takes
place in wild weather, and so frequently prognos-
ticates rain.
One of the popular notions about them amongst
the rustics of the West is, that they never die a
natural death. "You never see a dead rook
lying about, Sir" (I heard not long since), "with-
out somebody a-killed 'un."
The author of the Journal of a Naturalist men-
tions that " some few of them commence the
repair of their shattered nests," when they pay
them their autumnal visit. This I can corroborate
from my own observation ; for no later than last
Saturday (Oct. 18) I saw one flying towards the
rookery with a large branch in its bill, evidently
with a view to carpentry.
Not long ago I was told by a very credible
person living at Trowbridge, Wilts, that when he
first came to his present abode, some ten years
since, he was much troubled by some rooks close
by. At length they went so far as to root up a
whole rank of his fresh-sown peas : whereupon he
soaked a quantity of peas in brandy, and scattered
them in his garden. The results were unques-
tionable. The rooks soon finished them ; but their
intoxication speedily followed, as testified by the
most ludicrous antics, helpless graspings at boughs,
and other breakneck operations ; but the gentle-
man further assured me that if they were sadder,
they were also wiser rooks when they " rose the
morrow morn," for they have never troubled his
garden again from that day to this.
C. W. BlNGHAM.
SMART'S " SONG TO DAVID " (3rd S. ii. 313.) —
I do not quite agree with your correspondent
J. D. that it is " clearly impossible " that this song,
or any considerable part of it, should not have
been originally indented on the walls of the luna-
tic's prison-chamber. The tradition, notwith-
standing its general acceptance, seems (I confess)
a little improbable. The facts contained in my
former note were culled from an admirable article
on the writings of Smart, which appeared a few
months ago in the Dublin University Magazine.
I have not the volume at hand at this moment,
or would have enclosed a more particular refer-
ence to it. 0.
PRONUNCIATION OF THE WORD CUCUMBER (3rd
S. ii. 307.) — I can safely aver that fifty years ago
matters stood very much as they do now, as to
the pronunciation of this unlucky word ; and as
to the spelling, no educated person ever wrote
" eoujcumber." Walker, when his Pronouncing
Dictionary first appeared, about sixty years ago,
gave up as hopeless the attempt to decide upon
the right pronunciation of this word. In the late
editions it is given Awcumber. I lived at that time
in the West of England, where the pronunciation
of the common people was, as it still is, cookumer.
Some years later, I found it in the Midland
Counties generally, cowcumber. My impression
is that it varies in different parts of England,
without any marked distinction between the prac-
tice of the upper and lower classes. But I do
not believe that the word was ever written other-
wise than cucumber, at least by persons of any
education. F. C. H.
ROMISH SERVICES IN LANCASHIRE CHURCHES
(3rd S. ii. 297.) — Here again I cannot but think
your correspondent has been misinformed. Aa
an old resident in Lancashire, and acquainted
with many Roman Catholic families who have
burial chantries, I can only say I never heard of
their being now or formerly allowed to use their
own service. A clergyman must be something
more than " courteous," who would risk a colli-
sion with his bishop and the ecclesiastical law
(even if " the dues " were paid), merely to in-
dulge a rich family with a privilege he could not
always be conceding to one or other of the many
poor ones to whom it would be equally acceptable.
Of course, if a proved instance is brought forward,
I have nothing more to say. P- P.
CHENEY OF BROXBOURNE (3rd S. ii. 247.) —
Inquiry is made relative to a " Randle Cheney of
Broxbourne," in Herts, which I am unable to
answer. However, as there had been at one time
the "Le Chens," or " Le Cheynes" of Strath-
brook, alias Broxburn, in Scotland ; and as there
are at the present day the " Cheynes " of Badger
Hall, in Shropshire, I feel some curiosity in the
inquiry.
In the Sketches of Early Scotch History by
Cosmo Innes, at pp. 134, 155, 439, there are
358
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"> S. II. Nov. 1, '62.
notices of the " Le Chens " or u Le Cheynes " of
Strathbrook.
Stratbrook or Strathbrock, long since called
Broxburn, is a district in the county of Linlith-
gow ; and historians assert that the name was
given to the locality in consequence of the strath
or valley, through which a burn or rivulet runs
being infested with badgers or brocks, as they |
were called in Scotland.
The family of " Le Chen," who held Strath-
brock, was a powerful one, and of Norman de-
scent ; and the following inquiries are suggested ;
for consideration : — Did the family hold lands
called Broxbourne in England, and did they give
the same name to their lands in Scotland, or did !
they, when they retired from Strathbrock or
Broxburn, carry with them the name or title of
the lands in Scotland?
It is somewhat strange that this family should
have stuck so long to the badgers. Can any of j
the readers of " N. & Q." give a reason for their |
doing so other than what is abovementioned ? j
Also, was it the head or only a branch of the i
family that settled in Scotland ? G. M. G. i
Broxburn by Edinburgh.
OLJ> SARUM (3rd S. ii. 8.) — As no reply has ,
appeared to the Query of your Norfolk querist, j
perhaps he will allow me to refer him to Gorton's j
Topographical Diet., 3 vols. 1831 (though the '
second and third vols. are dated 1832, 1833 re- i
spectively, yet the majority of the articles must
have been written in 1831, or before) under the i
head of " Sarurn, Old, Co. Wilts, Population,
none; Members of Parliament 2 !! " — it is stated
towards the end of the article, that —
" Old Sarum returned members to Parliament the
23rd Edw. I., and the next return was in the 34th
Edw. III., since which they have continued to the present
time. The' right of election, by a decision of the H. of
C. in 1688, appears to be vested in the freeholders, being
burgage-holders of the borough, seven in number ; and
the bailiff is the returning officer. The property and- in-
fluence in this borough belongs to Lord Caledon, who is
said to have given CO.OOO/. or 70,000;. for the very small
estate which comprises it."
The celebrated Home Tooke was returned for
Old Sarum, throvgh the influence of Lord Camel-
ford. The bailiff must have bad little trouble'in
taking the votes. I am quite aware this reply-
will not satisfy your Norwich correspondent, but
it may serve to draw forth an answer from some
one better acquainted with the neighbourhood
than I am. Surely some of your Shakespearians
must have picked up information about Old
Sarum whilst on their pilgrimages to Stratford.
CHESSBOROUGH.
THE NEWRY MAGAZINE (3rd. S. ii. 307.)— Was
not this edited by Dr. James Stuart, who was
A.B. when he published his Historical Memoirs
of the City of Armagh, 1819 ? And was he not,
when he edited the Magazine, editor also of some
Newry newspaper ?
This is a conjectural reply to AUHBA. D.
ABCIUEPISCOPAL MITRES (3rd S. ii. 238, 335.)
I am unable to furnish your correspondent P.
with the name of the Archbishop who is repre-
sented in the window in Bristol Cathedral to
which I alluded.
The window, which has been cleaned within
these few years, is an old one, and contains in
the heading shields charged with the arms of
Mortimer, Earl of March, St. Loo, and another
(qu. a chcv. or), the ownership of which is doubt-
ful. The three lights in the upper range contain
a representation of the martyrdom of St. Edmund,
King of East Anglia, by the Danes. In the base
are three small heads in circle?. The lower range
contains the figure of the archbishop between
two knights in armour of the time of Edward III.,
the surcoat and shield of the one being charged
with the Berkeley arms, and the shield of the
other with the doubtful coat, gu. a chev. or. In
the basement of the window are three shields
within geometrical borders, containing the arms
of De Bohun, Warren, and Berkeley of Stoke-
Gifford with a label az. JOHN WOODWARD.
New Shoreham.
SiRRoGER DE COVERLET (3rd S. ii. 286.) —There
is certainly no such place as Coverley in Worces-
tershire, and I know not whence Addison derived
the name of his knight in the Spectator. The
claims of Westwood to be the type of his model
country residence were disputed by the late Col.
Bromley, of Abberley Lodge, in the same county,
which seat had descended to him from Walsh the
critic. An avenue at that place still bears the
name of the Widow's Walk. Addison more pro-
bably visited at Abberley than Westwood, and
the Walshs and Pakingtons of that day were
in political opposition. The latter family had a
memorable dispute with the Bishop of Worcester,
who took up the cause of Walsh at the county
election. Still, amongst Worcestershire's ancestral
homes, the Elizabethan mansion of Westwood is
pre-eminent, and I do not wonder at the public
mind at once identifying this stately place with
Addison's fine description of country life.
THOMAS E. WINNINGTON.
LOCAL NAMES (3rtl S. ii. 307.) — MR. JAMES
KKOWLES asks for the etymologies of Suffolk,
Essex, Sussex, Tirwick, Terling, and Surphlete.
I have transposed the names for convenience of
answering : the first three being unquestionable
and well known ; the last three questionable, and
perhaps little known. Suffolk is from South-folk,
in contradistinction to Norfolk — North-folk; Essex
is East-Saxon; Sussex is South-Saxon. In Tirwick
'd S. II. Nov. 1, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
359
and Tirling, the first syllable is obviously Saxon :
Tir being a dialectical spelling of the name of the
godThor; it is also another spelling of tor, a tower or
hill (same as turris, Latin). Assuming, then, both
syllables of both names to be Saxon, Tirwick sig-
nifies, a village by the hill ; and Tirling, the cul- |
tivated hill, or enclosed hill. Surflete may admit
of various readings. The locality is not indicated; j
but I would suggest Ham-fleet, a house or home
by the water. I know several ams which had
obviously this origin. It has been thought a re-
finement of orthography to omit the initial H,
and disguise the true meaning : take Ambleside
for an example, which was anciently spelled Ham-
el-side, a home by the side of (Windermere)
water. C. N.
LAWN AND CRAPE (3rd S. i. 188.) — A moment's
reference to the common voucher, Samuel John-
son, would have shown J. DIXON the ecclesiastical
uses of crape and of lawn : the one being " a thin
stuff, loosely woven, of which the dress of the
clergy is sometimes made ; " and the other, " fine
linen, remarkable for being used in the sleeves of
bishops."
The same authority would have satisfied him
that the curate's crape did not possess "twice"
the sanctity of the bishop's lawn ; but that, so
soon as the top-round of the scala sancta was
reached, the bishop's lawn " doubled" the sanctity
of the curate's cape. Just as the satire might
have been in Queen Anne's time, in Victoria's
it is, happily, a thing of the past. E. L. S.
WBEXHAM ORGAN (3rd S. ii. 248.)—
" Here was, about the time of 3'° civil warrs, a very
extraordinary organ which the clerk compared to that of
S' Peter's at Rome, onely owr.'d that to be ye superi-
our." — Note by Edw. Lhuyd, in Bodl. MS., Rawlinson,
B. 464, fol. 159 b.
W. D. MACRAY.
TWINKLING OF A BED STAFF (2nd S. vi. 347 ;
3rd S. ii. 18.) — Any one who has resided in Glas-
gow, or other Scotch towns, and has enjoyed the
luxury of a room with windows overlooking " a
green," — the Green, par exemple, — will easily un-
derstand the meaning of the above sentence. The
Scotch servant lassies display such agility or elas-
ticity of wrist in the dusting of beds, carpets, et
hoc genus omne, that the staves or sticks they use
can hardly be seen while in motion, though the
noise of the blows given with them, with the per-
petual rap-rap-rap, can be compared to nothing so
well as to the action of steam machinery. I may
add, that during my absence on one occasion, a
servant borrowed from my room half a pair of
singlesticks to be used as a bed, or carpet, staff'.
CHESSBOROUGH.
FYLFOT, GAMMADION (3rd S. ii. 285, 336.)— The
term Gammadion has different significations ; but j
the ecclesiastical Gammadion, Gammation, Gam-
madium, or Gammadia, was one of the various
forms in which mediaeval piety portrayed the em-
blem of our faith, the Holy Cross. It was made
from the letter gamma (capital). Sometimes two
were employed, as in the form -j- ; but more fre-
quently four, =j{=. The use of the gamma for
this purpose is explained by Balsamone, on the
ground that the letter, by its rectangular form,
fitly represents the doctrinal truth that our Lord
is the " chief corner-stone " of the church. The
Gammadion was used as a bordering for the bishop's
cape or pianeta, and occasionally Tor other sacred
purposes. Cf. Du Cange, Gloss. Grcec., under
Tan,u.a, ra/jifjiariov ; Hofmannus, Lex, Univ.; Acta
Sanct.t vol. iii. for May, p. 395, col. 2, D ; Moroni,
Diz. Eccles. ; Magri, Notitia de1 Vocabrdi ; &c.
The mark which your correspondent, A. R., saw
at Rome, if it be not identical with the two-gam-
ma form of the cross given above, is probably one
sort of that ancient representation of the Cross
called Tau, Thau, Taau, and Tauma, because made
from the letter tau, of which one form, though
now little used, was 7-
I should be truly grateful for a good explana-
tion of the word "Fylfot;" whence it comes, and
how it comes to be used, for so it seems to be, as
an equivalent for the Greek Gammation, or Gam-
madion. VEDETTE.
LETTERS AND WORDS IN COATS OF ARMS (3rd S.
ii. 166, 219, 239.)— Westmoreland: two "C's"
fleurees addorsees (? !) in fess. Chester : two
" C's " fleurees accrochees (or affrontees). Flint-
shire : two " F's " fleurees counter salient (?).
These three I learn from provincial tokens, but
as the description is original, I will not be answer-
able for its heraldic correctness. The " Dominus
illuminatio mea " in the arms of the University of
Oxford, seems to have been overlooked by your
correspondents. I think there are several ex-
amples in English heraldry of words borne, as
augmentations of honour, in coats of arms.
CHESSBOROUGH,
Harberton, Totnes.
BLANKETS (3rd S. ii. 318.) — Blankets are said
to have been first manufactured in Bristol, and to
have taken their name from their inventors, who
lived in, I think, St. Thomas Street, or in the
neighbouring Temple Street. Though claiming
them as Bristol worthies, I do not mean to dis-
pute SIR THOMAS WINNINGTON'S assertion that they
were Worcestershire men. JOHN WOODWARD.
New Shoreham.
CLUVERIUS, PRINTED BY ELZEVIR (3rd S. ii. 150.)
I have just hit upon a query of SIR THOMAS E.
WINNINGTON, concerning the Germania Antiqua of
Cluverius ; it may, perhaps, interest him to know,
that a few years ago I purchased a copy of the same
360
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. Nov. 1, '62.
book, exactly such as he describes, together with a
copy of Scapula's Lexicon, for six shillings ! at the
sale of the late Lord Orford, at \Voolterton, in
Norfolk. I did not attach any great value to my
copy as several great book-buyers were present,
and would, I imagined, have prevented its sale at
so small a price if it were really rare. Neverthe-
less, I find written upon a blank leaf in the copy
I bought " Editio perrara." One point which I
find SIR T. E. WINNINGTON does not notice is, that
the Arnobii Disputationum adversus Gentes, and
the Oclavius of Minutius Felix, are bound up in
the same volume. My copy has the plates and
the two texts of the Germania of Tacitus.
C. NOEBIS.
BITTERN (l§t S. x. 125.) — SHIRLEY HIBBARD
inquires if the American Bittern really emits light
from its breast to enable it to discover its prey.
I can vouch for the fact, having often witnessed
it. Common report ascribes it to the fatty sub-
stance on the breast, but I presume the point has
been examined by competent men ere this.
As I am on the subject of natural history,
allow me to say that there is some reason to be-
lieve that the Dodo, or some allied species, may
yet exist in Madagascar, as the Rev. Mr. Ellis has
suggested. k Certainly, during a brief sojourn on
the island in 1861, the natives spoke of a bird
hardly able to fly, and easily caught when once
discovered, larger than a goose, but of somewhat
similar form. The native name, as translated to
me, signifies " a bird that is not a bird." Con-
sidering the proximity of Mauritius, and the
facilities of communication, one would think the
inquiry might easily be instituted.
Also, the curious animal now at the Zoological
Gardens, called the Aye-Aye, is known to the
natives as the Hi-hi, with the aspirate strongly
marked. I tested this by showing an engraving
to several natives, who at once recognised it, and
pronounced the name as I have written it.
W. H. WHITMORE.
Boston, U. S. A.
DELPHIC ORACLES (3rd S. ii. 331.) — The work
of Van Dale on the oracles of the ancient Gen-
tiles is not within my reach, but I believe it con-
tains the fullest information on the subject.*
Allow me to echo an observation made by Hartley
Coleridge in his Essays (ii. 315) : —
" A learned collection and philosophical examination
of extra-scriptural oracles and predictions is a great
desideratum, but hardly to be expected from this age,
when one party pique themselves on walking by sight,
and another think that an indiscriminate credulity is
walking by faith."
C. J. R.
BAPTISMAL NAMES (3rd S. ii. 335.) —The an-
cient family of Meadows, of Witnesham and Beal-
* Has not Plutarch a treatise on the cessation of ora-
cles in his time?
ings took their name, according to their own
account, not from Meadhouse, but from the
meadow land of Witnesham. De Medewe is a
former spelling of their name. Will F. C. B. ex-
plain this ? W. C.
FERENCZ (3rJ S. ii. 329.) — In any dictionary
of Liszt's mother tongue (Hungarian), MR.
KNOWLES will find that Ferencz stands for Fran-
cis. W. C.
LETTERS IN HERALDRY (3rd S. ii. 166, 333, &c.)
If your correspondents are not tired of this sub-
ject, it may be worth while adding the English
family of Lang bears on a fesse the letters
A, B, C, I), E, F. What could be the origin of
so strange a charge ? H. S. G.
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To bs had of all Booksellers and Stationers.
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. Xov. 8, '62.
MR. BENTLEY'S
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Immediately, in 1 Volt, post 8vo,
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Immediately, in I Vols. 8vo, with fine Portraits of Dr. Whallty by
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NOTES AND QUERIES.
361
LONDON, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 8, 1862.
CONTENTS. — N>. 45.
Address : the Prince of "Wales's Birthday, 361.
NOTES : — Bishop Porteus and George III., 361— Lqwndes's
Bibliographer's Manual : Notes on the New Edition, No.
VII., 362 — Shipwreck on Portland Beach, 365.
MINOE NOTES : — Paleario's " II Beneflcio " — A Pillar of
the Church — G. P. B. James — Erasmus — Tenby in 1621,
365.
QUERIES : — Provincial Synods, Ireland, 366 — Anonymous
— Baker of Boulogne— Centenarianism — Half-timbered
Houses — Immunity from Diseases — Inez de Castro —
Legendary Sculpture — Lines — Medicine — Oscney Bells :
Great Tom of Oxford — Peterborough Bells — Prideaux
Query — Samaritan Pentateuch and Chronicon — St. Ce-
cilia, the Patroness of Music — Walker, Berwickshire —
Clifton AVyvil — Where was Wellington educated, 363.
QUERIES WITH ANSWERS: — Bible: Authorised Version
— Medal of Charles I. — Green Cloth — Pill — " Essays and
Meditations])" — Rev. Ingram Cobbin — Robert Taylor —
Anonymous, 371.
REPLIES :— Galileo and the Telescope, 372 — Early MSS.
of the Scriptures, 373 — Written Tree of Thibet, 374—
i Harrison, the Regicide, Ib. — Coins, &c., 375 — The Prince
of Wales's Majority — Asserted Baptism of William Oldys
at Adderbury — Various Lengths of the Perch — Ghetto —
Ancient Chessmen — Words derived from Proper Names
— " I'm off to Charlestown " — Forthink — Alexander
Cosby, Lieut.-Goveruor of Nova Scotia — Adieu — Mari-
ner's Compass Queries — Churches dedicated to the Holy
Ghost — Sicilian Order — Beranger's Dublin Ruins —
Blackadder Family — Laceby Parish Registers — Quota-
tion: Ducie — English Coinage — Hackney — Farthell —
Snip-snap-snorum — Mr. Thomas Law Hodges, &c., 375.
ADDRESS.
THE PRINCE OF WALES'S BIRTHDAY.
To-morrow the heir to these realms, Albert Edward
Prince of Wales, attains his majority. The loss which
Her Majesty, His Royal Highness, and the country sus-
tained less than a year since forbids any public cele-
bration of the event. Still all English hearts warm
with good wishes for the health and happiness of His
Royal Highness : instead, therefore, of the Notes appli-
cable to a public celebration of this eventful day, which
We once thought of laying before the readers of" N. & Q.,"
We will give utterance to our good wishes in the noble
words which Ben Jonson addressed to one of the Sidneys
on his birthday : —
" This day says, tben, the number of glad years
Are justly summed that make you man;
Your vow
Must now
Strive all right ways it can,
T' outstrip your peers :
Since he doth lack
Of going back
Little, whose will
Doth urge him to run wrong, or to stand still.
"Nor can a little of the common store
Of nobles' virtue.sbow in you ;
Your blood,
'So good
And great, must seek for new,
And study more :
Nor weary, rest
On what's deceased ;
For they that swell
With dust of ancestors, in graves but dwell.
" So may you live in honour, as in name,
If with this truth you be inspired ;
So may
This day
Be more, and long desired ;
And with the flame
Of love be bright,
As with the light
Of bonfires ! then
The birthday shines, when logs not burn, but
men."
flats*.
BISHOP PORTEUS AND GEORGE III.
A paragraph has found a place in some news-
papers,— I have seen it in the Patriot of October
23, — professedly taken from Good Words, a
monthly periodical, edited, I believe, by the Rev.
Norman Macleod, D.D., a Scottish Clergyman,
who has, if I mistake not, lately preached before
Her Majesty in Scotland. A passage in it I beg
to refer to ; it reads thus : —
" There was a man in the last century who was made
a Bishop by George III. for having published a Poem on
the death of George II. That Poem declared that
George II. was removed by Providence to Heaven be-
cause he was too good for the world. You know what
kind of man George II. was: you know whether our
BISHOP PORTEUS could probably have thought he was
speaking the truth in publishing this despicable piece of
toadyism. Yet BISHOP PORTEUS was really a good man,
and died in the odour of sanctit}'," &c.
Now I do not happen to have, nor have I ever
seen, Bishop Porteus's poem on the " Death of
George II." Such a poem there may be, and the
account given of it in Good Words may not be
materially incorrect ; but that it was published
from a corrupt motive, and with a desire to ob-
tain preferment, I altogether doubt. The writer
of the paragraph might have made some allowance
on account of the age of the writer, or the indul-
gence of a poetic fancy, or a blind partiality to
the hero of his eulogy : this he might have, but
has not, done. Neither has he been at any trouble
to sift the truth of the allegation. The imputation
is a telling one : a man was made a bishop for
writing " a despicable piece of toadyism," — that
man was Porteus, — record his shame in Good
Words!
That the poem had anything to do with Por-
teus's appointment to a bishopric is absurd, and
little short of impossible. Thos^ who know his-
tory are aware that George III. was not so par-
tial 'to hia grandfather as to bestow bounty on
362
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. Nov. 8, '62.
his admirers. Porteus, though a distinguished
scholar, and a most able man, was not even made
a Royal Chaplain until 1769, nor a Bishop until
Dec. 20, 1776! A mitre sixteen years after the
" despicable" eulogy, seems to be a very late
reward ; but the detractor, as Barrow has ob-
served, " bolteth every circumstance " that stands
in the way of his object.
Again, the writer of these Good Words might
have glanced at some of the compositions of the
day, especially of sermons preached on the occa-
sion, and he would have found that the writers
in 1760 pronounced their eulogies more easily
and lavishly than in 1862. Kings and courts are
more closely observed, and better known, than
they were ; and the moral and religious taste of
this age very properly repudiates excessive and
undeserved commendation. It was not so in
1760: in proof of which I might give extracts
from many sermons preached on the death of
George if. by ministers not of the established
church. I will, however, only subjoin two speci-
mens tending to show that Porteus's eulogy was
quite in harmony with the disinterested compo-
sitions of the day, and that corrupt and selfish
motives ought not, and cannot fairly be, imputed
to him in connection with his production.
The Rev. Edward Johnstone, M.A., Minister
of the Kirk of Scotland at MofFat, published a
Sermon on the Death of George II., printed at
Edinburgh, 8vo, 1760, in which he says: —
" Surely every member of this grand community must
feel, when such a nation has been deprived of such a
Head. For, who was it that dignified the British throne
by acts of justice, that maintained your laws, nor ever
violated public or private right, either in a civil or re-
ligious sense? Who was it that showed an exemplary
religious regard for public worship, and greatly awed
every indecorum from around his Royal person.
" • . . . Who was it that raised the fame and power
of Britain to a pitch and eminence exceeding all its
former splendour. It was — it was, my brethren, your
deceased monarch.
" Mourn, ye sons and daughters of this land of liberty,
the loss of your great protector, who with a tender-hearled
parent's feelings watched over all your civil and sacred
interests ; who clothed you with scarlet," &c.
^The Rev. Dr. Gibbons, a most respectable
Dissenting minister, the friend and biographer of
Dr. Watts, not only preached a sermon on the
occasion, but added to it " An Elegiac Ode."
After avowing in the exordium of his sermon,
" the painful concern of his heart under this very
affecting stroke," he goes on to say : —
" IV e have lost a King whose Reign has been in-
variably and constantly equitable, mild, and full of
blessing to oar country. . . . This long and glorious
day is now closed. The breath of our nostrils, the Anointed
of the Lord (Lam. iv. 20) it now brought down to the pit
of Death, of whom we said under his shadow we shall live
in defiance of all our enemies. Great is our loss, very
weighty is our affliction, and the sorrows which we feel
whole nations will feel too. Time and History will
labour in the praise of the best of Kings ; and enco-
mium and panegyric will even be too faint and languid
to proclaim the Mercies we have enjoyed under the Reign
of George II., but our hearts will be their faithful re-
gister."
I add three stanzas from the " Elegiac Ode": —
" Fame take thy silver Trump, and sound
Our Monarch's praise the Nations round :
Nations shall swell the loud acclaim,
And Time's last accents bless his name.
" But ah ! no more our monarch lives ;
No more his Heavenly blessings gives;
All conqu'ring Death has quench'd his light,
And drawn the shades of endless night.
" Fast flow our tears, thick heave our sighs ;
Our Prince, our Friend, our Father dies:
How agonising is the Wound!
Where can our healing balm be found? "
These good men, like Bishop Porteus, " died
in the odour of sanctity." ' X. A. X.
LOWNDES'S BIBLIOGRAPHER'S MANUAL.
NOTES OX THE NEW EDITION.
(Continued from 3rd S. ii. p. 303.)
No. VII.
Drax (J.), Callipeia, or a Rich Storehouse of
proper, choice, and elegant Latine wordes
and phrases, in alphabetical order. Lond.
1613. 8°. ;
Omitted. There were other editions.
Drayton (Michael), Poemes, Lyric and Pastoral,
&c. Lond. n. d. 8°.
Of this volume more than two copies are known in a
complete state, and imperfect copies are tolerably com-
mon. See Catalogues of the Malone Collection at Oxford,
and of the Drummond Collection at Edinburgh.
— — — — The Harmonie of the Church. 1591.
I doubt the uniqueness of this book. Farmer had it
(see Bill. Farmeriana, No. 1137), and the copy in the
King's Library at the Museum bears no marks of the
Doctor's former ownership. It is at any rate the least
interesting of Drayton's performances, being merely a
metrical paraphrase of portions of the Pentateuch. It re-
appeared, under the title of Spiritual Songs, in 1610, 4°:
perhaps the original edition, with a new title-page only,
as it must have been a slow-selling publication.
Endimion and Phoebie. n. d.
Phcebe, of course, not Phabie. It is unfortunate'if the
Bridgewater copy should turn out to be unique, as that
copy is not perfect. Kndimionand Phoebe was reprinted for
the Roxburghe Club in 1856, with Drayton's other early
pieces. See Herbert, fol. 1302. It seems that this poem
was licensed in 1595.
Idea. 1593.
Copies are at Sion College, and in Mr. Collier's hands.
Idea's Mirrour. n. d.
Not omitted in all the editions of .Drayton's Works, as
it appears in that prepared by Mr. Collier for the Rox-
burghe Club, in 1856.
3" S. II. Nov. 8, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
363
Drayton (Michael), The Tragical Legend of Ro-
bert, Duke of Normandy, &c. 1596.
In this volume Piers Gaveston appeared for the third
time. It had been originally published by the author in
1593 ; it was afterwards surreptitiously p'rinted without
Drayton's consent, in an imperfect manner; and, in 1590,
it was, in a revised and enlarged form, again sent to the
press by the poet himself. Referring to the spurious
impression of the Legend, between 1593 and 1596, Dray-
ton observes in his Preface to the edition of 1596: —
" Since my first publishing of these tragical coplaints of
Piers Gaveston and Matilda, it is not unknowne to any
•which traffique with Poetry, how by the sinister dealing
of some unskilfull Printer, Piers Gaveston hath been lately
put forth contrary to my will, with as manie faults as
there be lynes in the same ; beeing indeede at the first
(i. e. in the edit, of 1593) no perfect Coppy, but left un-
formed and undigested, like a Beare whelpe before it is
lickt by the Dam. But now of late understanding by the
Stationers, that they meant the thyrd time to bring it to
the Presse ; for which purpose, as it seem'd, they kept
Matilda from printing, onely because they meant to jojrne
the together in one little volume, I have taken some
paines in them both to augment and polish them."
— England's Heroical Epistles.
The earliest edition here noticed is that of 1598. But
the original and very rare impression of 1597 is in the
Bodleian.
Mortimeriados. 1596.
It is an error to state that only two copies of this
volume are known. It is to be found in the Museum, at
Oxford, Cambridge (Capel Collection), and elsewhere.
Piers Gaveston, his Life, death, a/id
fortune.
Why this, one of the earliest of the poet's productions,
should be placed in the list of his writings as though it
had been one of his last, I do not quite.see. Piers Gave-
ston was licensed in 1593. See Herbert, fol. 1302.
Dreams. The Interpretation of Dreames, entil.
(? entit.) to bee Josephe's Dreames. Lond.
By W. Copland, n. d.
- A most briefe and pleasant Treatise of
the Interpretation of Sundry Dreames, enti-
tuled to be Joseph's. 1626.
Two editions, with variations in the title and contents,
of the same book ; though here given as two different
books.
Drexelius (Hieron), Considerations upon Eter-
nity, translated by Winterton.
An edit. Cambridge, 1654, 18°.
Drummond (W.), Poems. 1616.
Three copies of the first edition, and six at least of the
second, are traceable.
Drury (Robert), Madagascar. 1722.
For a notice of this book, and of an edition, 1729, 8°,
see " N. & Q.," 1« S. v. 533.
Dryden (John), The Indian Emperour. 1668.
The first edition appeared, Lond. 1667, 4°. Why have
we not Drydeniana, as well as Popiana ?
Du Bartas, His Divine Weekes and Days, trans-
lated by Sylvester.
The first quarto edition of this translation, a most diffi-
cult book to procure complete, though common enough in
a more or less fragmentary condition, appeared in 1605 —
1607. Almost all the separate pieces have distinct title-
pages, which vary in date from 1605 to 1607. The pro-
bability is, that the edition was commenced in the former
year, and that it was finished, and the general engraved
title-page added, in 1607. Lowndes and his new editor
value a copy of this impression, on large paper, at2Z. We
should like to have a copy at the price.
Du Bartas. Posthumous Bartas. 1607.
This is merely a portion of the collected edition. The
signatures show that clearly enough.
Dudley (Dud.), Metallum Martis ; or, Iron made
with Pit-Coale, Sea-Coale, &c. Lond. Printed
for the Author, 1665. 12°. It was reprinted
at West-Bromwich by N. Bagnall, Esq., in
1851.
Omitted.
Dunbar (John), Epigrammata. 1616.
Bright's copy sold for 15s., not 15/.
Du Val (Michael), Rosa Hispani-Anglica, sen
Malum Punicum Angl' Hispanicum, with en-
graved title-page containing portraits (full-
length) of Charles I. as Prince of Wales, and
of the Infanta Donna Maria. 4°. Sine loco
vel anno.
This Latin version is not noticed. See Sale Catalogue
(Dec. 1861), of Dr. Bandinel's Books and Tracts, No. 213.
Dyer (Sir Edward), The Prayse of Nothing.
1585.
See supra under Da Edw. Sir E. D. was a contributor
to the Paradise of Dainty Devices, 1576, and to England's
Helicon, 1600. At the end of Sydney's Arcadia, 1598,
are two sonnets, signed E. D. Dyer published, in 1588,
six of the Idyllia of Theocritus ; and his name occurs as
the author of one or two poems in Lyson's MS. of old
English poetry, of which Steevens had a transcript. See
also Collier's Bridgewater Catalogue, 1837.
(William), Christ's Famous Titles, and a
Believer's Golden Chain; together with a
Cabinet of Jewels, &c. Printed for^tbe use
of Private Families, especially his friends in
Devon. 1676. 8°.
Omitted.
Dyke (Jeremy, of Epping), Divers Select Ser-
mons on several Texts. Published by his
son, D. Dykes. Lond. 1640. 8°.
A Caveat for Archip-
pus; a Visitation Sermon. Lond. 1619. 4°.
Both omitted. Dyke published other works.
(D.), Sixe Evangelical Histories.
Lond.
1617. 4°
Comfortable Sermons on the cxxivth
Lond. 1617. 4°.
Psalm.
Both omitted.
E. E., An Alphabet of Elegiac Groanes. 1654.
This is well known as the production of Edmund Ellis.
It would have been quite sufficient to enter it once in the
364
NOTES AND QUERIES.
S. II. Nov. 8, 'G2.
right place, instead of twice in ihe wrong. See FOBTESCUE
(SiR J.)
Eagle (The) and the Robin ; with an Old Catt's
Prophecy (a Poem), supposed to be writ by
John Lydgate, a Monk of Bury. 1709. 8°.
Omitted.
Eagles (Rev. J., M.A.), A Garland of Roses.
Gathered from the Poems of the Rev. John
Eagles, M.A. By his old friend, J. M. Gutch.
Worcester, 1857, 8°. 50 copies printed for
private circulation.
Omitted. Gutch, 1858, 41. 6*. Several of Mr. Eagles'
contributions to periodical literature have been of late
years collected and published. For an interesting notice
of the amiable and accomplished writer, see Introduction
to Mr. Gulch's volume.
Earthquake. Hevy Newes of an Horrible Earth-
quake. 1542.
There were two editions of this tract in the same year:
one from the press of Lant, the other from that of Nicho-
las Bourman. Lowndes and his new editor mention the
former only.
Account of the late Earthquake in
Jamaica, June 7, 1692. By H. L. Lond.
1693. 4°.
Omitted.
Ecclesia. Ecclesise Anglican* Trophsea. 1608.
Compare CAVALERIUS.-
A Book of the Valuations of all the Ec-
clesiastical Preferments in England and
Wales, alphabetically arranged. 1660. 12mo.
Omitted.
Eckius (Johannes), Enchiridion, &c. 1525.
Another edition appeared at Antwerp, 1535, 12°; and
there were others without name of place or printer in
1529 and 1541.
Eden (Richard).
Eden (R.), Treatise
of the New India, with
other New found landes
and Ilandes. Lond.
Sutton. 1533.
E.
Munster (Sebastian), A trea-
tyse of the newe India, with
other newe founde landes and
Islandes, as well eastwards as
westwarde. Translated into
English by Rycharde Eden.
Lond. By Edward Sutton.
(1553.) 16«»o.
Here are two descriptions of the same volume brought
together from different parts of the Manual, and placed
in parallel columns for the sake of comparison. In one,
the date is 1533; in the other, 1553. In one place the
book is given as an original work of Eden, in the other it
is shown to be merely a translation by him from Mun-
ster.
Edwards (Richard), Damon and Pythias. 1571.
Jolley, 1843, mor. £21 10s. (not £2 10«.) In a work
of the present kind these points, though apparently
trivial, are of consequence.
Elegies. Certain Elegies done by sundrie excel-
lent wits. 1620.
There were tliree or four editions of this book. Com-
pare FITZQEFFBKY (HENRI ), where the remainder of
the article may be found. Why it is here at all, except
as a cross-reference, is totally incomprehensible to me.
Eliot (John), Poems. 1658.
The circumstance that Eliot's name is attached to one
poem in this collection is the only ground for assigning
it to him. The publication belongs to the series of Drol-
leries. Lowndes and his new editor appear to confute John
Eliot, the writer of poems in 1G58, witli John Eliot, who
published Fruit* for the French in 1593, and another
work in 1591, not mentioned in the Manual. They were
surely two distinct persons.
(Sir John), Grave and Learned Speech
spoken in the High Court of Parliament.
Desiring an orderlie proceeding in matters of
Rel.gion, &c. Lond. 1641. 4°.
Omitted. The present and other published speeches
of this great patriot ought certainly to have found a
place in the Manual, but his name is entirely over-
looked.
Elizabeth (Queen), A Copy of the Brief or Let-
ters-patent granted by Q. Elizabeth unto
Richard Grafton, in 1600-1, for the lawiull
Collection of alms from the charitably-dis-
posed through all the realrue of England for
two years, to recompense and repaire his
great losses both in Spaine and Ireland.
Lond. by Thomas Purfoote, n. d. Folio. A
broadside.
Orders taken 10 Oct., 3 Eliz. Ad-
dressed to Her Highnesse's Commissioners
* for Causes Ecclesiasticall. Lond. By R.
Jugge. E. d. 4°. 2 leaves.
Both omitted. The Richard Grafton above mentioned
was an English resident in Spain at the period of the
Spanish project Against this country, and was principally
instrumental, by the timely information he gave to his
countrymen, in averting the danger then impending,
and in enabling England to make preparations against
the Spanish invasion.
Ellis (Clement).
This writer published a poem on the Restoration of
Charles II., 1660, folio.
(Edmund), Anglia Rediviva ; or the Mira-
culous Return of the Breath of our Nostrils.
A Poem. By Edmund Elis, Master of Arts.
Lond. 1660. 4°.
Omitted.
An Alphabet of Elegiac Groans.
1654.
See supra, art. " E. E." By an almost incredible piece
of carelessness, this poetical tract, while it is omitted
under its proper head, is placed under art. FORTESCUK
(SiR JOHN) ; as if the Lord Chief Justice to Henry VI.
had been the person intended, instead of John Fortescuo,
Esq., one of the author's friends, prematurely cut off by
death.
(George), The Lamentation of the Lost
Sheep, in verse. 1605.
Heber's copy was not unique. See " N. & Q." 1" S.
xi. 386.
W. CABEW HAZLITT.
II. Nov. 8,'C2.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
365
SHIPWRECK ON PORTLAND BEACH.
Of all the records of shipwrecks perhaps none
was ever more calamitous than that which hap-
pened to our outward-bound West India fleet,
under Sir Hugh Christian, on the night of Novem-
ber 17-18, 1795, when passing down Channel, and
off Weyinouth. In that dreadful hurricane se-
veral transports full of troops were lost, and it was
stated upwards of 1600 bodies were thrown on
the beach. The remorseless wreckers from Port-
land, alone intent on plunder, refused all assist-
ance to the unhappy sufferers. It is, however,
gratifying to place in opposition to such villanous
conduct the noble behaviour of the Gloucester-
shire militia, then quartered at Weymouth, who
drove off the wreckers, and were indefatigable in
rendering every attention to recover those who had
any signs of life, and collecting the bodies of those
who were drowned, to all of whom the rites of
sepulture were duly administered. We lament to
say that an officer of that militia, whose name
ought not, but has passed into oblivion, remained
for thirty hours without quitting the beach, until
every straggling body which reached the shore
had all the succour that it could require. This
gallant man also attended the funerals as chief
mourner.
Charlotte Smith, a pleasing poetess and novelist,
gave a very interesting account of the sad cata-
strophe in a pamphlet entitled, A Narrative of the
Loss of the Catharine, Venus, and Piedmont, Trails-
ports, and the Thomas, Golden Grove, and 2Eolust
Merchant Ships, near Weymouth, 8vo, 1796. See
also The Annual Register, Chronicle, 1795, vol.
xxxvii. pp. 44-46.
Having been at Weymouth, and seeing that
time and the weather are fast obliterating the me-
morial placed in the churchyard of Wyke-Regis,
Dorset, for the sufferers, I have copied it as cor-
rectly as I could in its dilapidated state, that you
may be enabled to perpetuate the inscription : —
"To THE MEMORY
of Capt. Ambrose William Bancroft, Lieut. Lovett Ashe,
and Mr. Kelly, Surgeon, of the 63rd * Regiment of Infan-
try; of Lieut. Stephen Jenner of ye 6th f West India
Reg1; Lieut. Stains, 2nd J West India Reg* ; Lieut. James
Sutherland, of Col. Whyte's § W. I. Reg1; Lieut. B.
Chadwick, of Col. Whyte's W. I. Reg« ; Cornet Stukeley
Burns, 26th || Light Dragoons ; Cornet [ ? Lieut.] Benjamin
Graydon, 3rd ^ W. I. Reg*; 215 Soldiers and Seamen, and
9 Women : who perished by Shipwreck, on Portland
Beach, opposite the Villages of Langton, Fleet, and Chick -
erell ; on Wednesday, the 18th of November, 1795.
Erected by the friends of Capt. Bancroft and Lieut.
Jenner." 2. 2.
Richmond.
* Commanded by Major-Gen, the Earl of Balcarras.
t Commanded by Major-Gen. John Whitelocke.
j Commanded by Major- Gen. Wm. Myers.
§ Commanded by Major-Gen. Whyte (1" Regt.)
I! Commanded by Gen. Russell Manners.
If Commanded by Major- Gen. Wm. Keppell.
BALEARIC'S " IL BENEFICIO." — In the Life
and Times of Paleario by M. Young (London,
1860), vol. i., Appendix, p. 567, is a list of known
editions of the original and translations of the
famous tract II Beneficio di Christo. On this
list number 24 stands thus : —
" ENGLISH. From French of 1552. London, 1573 ?"
I do not know whether, since this list was pub-
lished, the doubt concerning the existence of an
edition bearing date of 1573 has been cleared up,
If not, it may interest some of your readers to
learn of a copy of this edition — the earliest edi-
tion of the English translation — now in my pos?
session. It is a small 16mo, of 118 pages not
numbered. The title-page reads as follows : —
"THE BENEFITE
that Christians receive
by Jesus Christ
Crucifyed.
Translated out of French into English by A. G.
1573.
IMPRINTED AT
London for Lucas Harison
and George Bishop."
The translation seems to conform with the re-
print of the edition of 1638, edited by Rev. John
Ayer, and published in London in 1848. This
reprint was republished at Boston, America, in
1860, and it is with a copy of the American edi-
tion that I have compared my early copy.
In the edition of 1573, after the address " To
the English Reader," which occupies the back of
the title-page, comes another address, apparently
by the French translator, —
" The Translator sendeth greetings to all Christians
that are under Heaven."
This occupies eight pages. It is not reprinted
in the American edition. I do not know whether
it was omitted in that of 1638.
At the end of the tract is the colophon : —
"Imprinted at London by
Thomas Fast, for Lucas Harison
and George Bishop."
CHARLES ELIOT NORTON.
Shady Hill, Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A.
October 20, 1862.
A PILLAR OF THE CHURCH. — The following
cutting from the obituary of the Worcester Herald
for October 4, seems worthy of preservation in
"N. &Q.": —
" Sept. 28th, at Whatcote, near Shipston-on-Stour, aged
82, Mr. Thos. Marshall, who succeeded his father as
churchwarden of that parish wheu ouly 15 years old, and
held it uninterruptedly for 67 years."
This long tenure of office must necessarily be
very rare ; -and I should suppose that the early age
at which the office was entered upon must be
equally rare. The law, I believe, only forbids
persons under ten years of age being appointed
to the office of churchwarden. CUTHBBRT BEDE.
366
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3">S. II. Nov. 8, '62.
G. P. R. JAMES. — Will the Editor preserve the
enclosed cutting in " N. & Q." ? —
" The following epitaph, written by Walter Savage
Lamlor, has been placed upon the grave of Mr. G. P. K.
James, at Venice: — 'Georgo, Payne Rainsford James,
British Consul General in the Adriatic, died at Venice,
aged GO, on the 9th of June, I860. His merits as a writer
are known wherever the English language is, and as a
man they rest in the hearts of many. A few friends
have erected this humble and perishable monument." —
Stamford Mercury, Oct. 17, 1862.
K. P. D. E.
ERASMUS. — Among the numerous school-books
published by Clarke, in the early part of the last
century, was a selection of the Colloquies of
Erasmus, with an English translation ; but from
the absence of notes, it is of little use to the cri-
tical reader. The study of this book formed part
of Dr. Johnson's " Scheme for the Classes of a
Grammar School" (See Boswell's Life, chap, ii.)
The following parallelism may be of interest
to your correspondent : —
" 0 senem impie pium." — Colloquium Senile.
" With impious piety that grave I wronged."
Young's A'ight Thoughts.
ii. D.
TBNBY lit 1621. — In an old MS. at Stanford
Court, entitled " Notes beginning 21" of May,
1621," I find the following description of Tenby,
in South Wales, which may prove interesting to
some of your readers : —
" The Description of Tenby.
" The Castle standes upon the North East, but alto-
gether ruinated. The Hand of Cawdie lieth on the south
west side, and so doth the little Hand called Margate
(Qu. St. Margarett's). The bay is upon the north side
of the town. St. Katharine's Hand standeth East. The
whole town is built with lime and stone, verie stronglie,
and is sett upon a sand rocke in most places above the j
sea, at least 20 yardes. One windmill standes on the
south side. There is a fresh brooke or little river that
runneth west by south. The length of the town is north
west, and south east.
" One windmill standes by the north side. The Coale
mines lie on the north side, and the Coale is fetched into
France, and into all the parts of South Wales lying upon
the sea coast. The poorer sorts for the most part live i
by fishing. Tenby lieth very commodious for traffique
with Spayne, France, 'and Ireland. There is before yon
come to the town by 3 miles a little valley between two
hills called the Greene Streete, where the water runs
into the ground 2 miles, and after comes above the
ground again. To conclude : if the Hand of Cawdie be
fortified, and the ile of Marrgates, and the ile of St.
Catherine, the hill on the north side, and the greene
field at the windmill on the south side, and the wall
made on the west side, I think it be no way pregnable,
so long as men and victuals endure.
" The Nangle is a little village on the west part of Pem-
broke, some G miles from the town, where there is safe
riding for shipps. This village is seated in a very good
soyle for corne."
THOMAS E. WINSINGTON.
" Pembroke is another longe town, which lieth east
and west. It is all built of timber and stone, but half
the houses in the town are so ruinated and decayed, that
they are not habitable. The Castle is ruinated, but may
be repaired ; it 19 very fit it should be rebuilt.
PROVINCIAL SYNODS, IRELAND.
On a former occasion I addressed a Query to
the readers of "N. & Q." (3rd S. ii. 89), seeking
aid towards drawing up a complete list of the
synods held by the Roman Catholic Church in Ire-
land since the close of the twelfth century. To
that inquiry I received some valuable replies
directed to myself personally (for which I take
the present opportunity of expressing my thanks),
and hoping to procure still further assistance, I
beg to direct attention again to it, and to add
some information showing exactly the aid I re-
quire in my researches.
There is reason to believe that both in England
and in Ireland, for nearly a century past, there
have been printed various diocesan statutes or
constitutions for the internal regulation of the
Church of Rome in -these countries. I wish to
procure an accurate list of these works, which
are usually only issued to the ecclesiastics of the
diocese for which they were primarily designed.
^Through the kindness of friends I have been
enabled to examine a good many of them, and
have been informed of the existence of others. I
append a list of all at present known to me, mark-
ing with an asterisk those I have already ex-
amined, or which I possess copies of. Only a very
few of those in my list are to be found in the last
edition of Martin's Catalogue of privately printed
Works. The present list may therefore interest
those who collect such publications.
I will feel grateful to any one who can add to
this list, or enable me to examine any works not
marked in it as already consulted by me. Such
communications may be addressed to me either
through " N. & Q." or to my address, which I
append. As I make the inquiry with a special
object in view, an early reply will confer addi-
tional obligation : —
Ardfert, 1747 ?
" Constitutiones Ecclesiastic® pro Unitis Dicecesibus
Ardfertensi & Aghsedensi." Waterford, s. a.
A Catalogue of C. J. Stewart assigns 1747 as
the probable date.
* Armagh, 1854.
" Acta et Decreta Concilii Provincialis Armacani, Drog-
hedae !Celebrati, Mense Maio, 1854." 8ro, pp. 46. Dub-
]inii, 1855.
This provincial synod was convened to promul-
gate throughout the province the decrees of the
Synod of Thurles.
3rd S. IT. Nov. 8, '62. ]
NOTES AND QUEKIES.
367
* Cashel, 1810.
" Statuta Synodalia pro Unitis Dioecesibus Cassel et
Imelac," &c. 2 vols in one, pp. 397. Dub. 1813.
This curious and not common volume was
drawn up during the episcopate of Archbishop
Bray, and was adopted at a diocesan synod held in
September, 1810. The first volumq contains the
diocesan statutes, &c., and closes with the regula-
tions adopted at two provincial synods held at
Limerick and Cork in 1808. The second volume,
which is in Irish and Latin as well as English,
consists for the greater part of instructions and
exhortations for the use of parish priests when
addressing their flock on the topics specified in
them. I am not aware of any other similar work
where Irish is used.
Cashel, 1853.
" Acta et Decreta Provincias Casseliensis in Hibernia
Celebrati, A.D. 1853." Dub. 1854, 8vo,
pp. viii. 88.
This is another of the provincial synods which
arose out of the Synod of Thurles. I am most
desirous to procure the " Acta et Decreta " of the
synods held in the remaining provinces ; and,
though I have watched for their occurrence at
sales, and inquired of friends who are well in-
formed in such matters, as yet they have escaped
me. Possibly a passage in the next item, which
provides that the rural dean, when he visit a dy-
ing priest, "exemplar vero horuin statutorum
secum domum portabit," may be a general rule,
and account for this.
* ClogJter, 1834.
" Statuta Diocesana in Dicecesi Clogherensi observanda
. . . ." Small 8vo. Dublinii, 1834.
These statutes, from the press of the " Society
for the Diffusion of Catholic Books," were also
issued in the same year for the united diocese of
Down and Connor. It is possible they may have
been issued all through the province. I have,
however, only seen them for the two dioceses, the
change being merely in the title-page.
Cloyne and Ross, 1756.
" Monita Pastoralia et Statuta pro Unitis Dioecesibus
Cloynensi et Rossensi," &c. &c. Pp. 96, 16mo, 1756.
This book consists of seven chapters, and refers
to the statutes of Kerry, 1748. I only know it
through a description in Martin's Catalogue above
quoted.
Cork, 1810.
" Statuta Synodalia pro Dioscesi Corcagiensi." Corca-
giae, 1810.
Cork, 1821.
"Coppinger Monita Pastoralia et Statuta Ecclesias-
tica." Corcagise, 1821.
So entered in a sale catalogue of the library
of the late Rev, Dr. Renehan, President of May-
nooth College.
* Dublin, 1770.
" Constitutiones Provinciates et Synodales, Ecclesise
Metropolitans et Primitialis Dubliniensis, Anno 1770 "
Pp. 148, 12mo.
This rare little volume without name of place
(but probably Dublin), printer, or compiler, pre-
serves many curious facts in Irish ecclesiastical
history. It consists of forty-eight chapters or
sections, containing statutes affecting the Church
of Rome in Ireland, from 1624 (1614?) to 1761.
An account of it may be seen in Martin's Cata-
logue of privately printed Books (2nd ed., Lond.
1854, p. 566.) The copy I possess has inserted
after p. 148— a page numbered [121] [122] con-
taining "Statuta facta sub Illmo et Rmo Dom.
Ricardi Lincoln Archiepiscopo Dubliniensi." Is
this insertion invariable ?
Dublin, 1831.
" Statuta Dioecesana per Provinciam Dubliniensi ob-
servanda." Small 8vo? Coyne, Dublin, 1831.
A reprint of this with translations and notes,
edited by Rev. R. J. M'Ghie, appeared in 1837. I
am not possessed either of the original or its re-
print. So far as I can learn, no edition of the
diocesan statutes except that quoted above (1770)
appeared previous to this. I believe later statutes
have been printed, but I have never seen them.
Limerick, 1804.
" Statuta et Constitutiones Diocesis Limericensis." J.
and T. M'Auliffe, Limerici, 1804.
Limerick, 1808.
"Statuta," &c., as above. Gee. M'Auliffe, Limerici,
1808.
Are these different issues of the same work?
Limerick, 1842.
" Statuta," &c., as above. J. F. O'Gorman, Limerici,
1842.
* Thurles, 1850.
" Decreta Synod! Plenarisa Episcorum Hiberniae, apud
Thurles Habits, Anno 1850. Jussu Superiorum." 8vo,
pp. xvi. 79. Dublinii, 1851.
Illustrative of this synod, which must exercise
a great influence both on the temporal and spiri-
tual power of the Church of Rome in Ireland, I
have collected a great many documents ; and I
will feel grateful for any references to works not
usually consulted (more especially continental
ones) where it is referred to.
Tuam, 1817.
"Decreta Synodi Tuamensis habita diebus 6, 7, 8
Maii, 1817, prout a sacra Congregatione de Propaganda
Fide approbata sunt, confirmat: 2 Julii, 1825." 18mo.
See sale catalogue of Hon. Col. Onslow's library.
I possess a transcript of what appears to be an
earlier copy of this publication, with the follow-
ing :—
" * Acta Decreta et Ordinata in Concilio Provincial!
habito Tuatna) sub lllmo D. Oliverio Kelly Arcbepo Tua-
mensi Conacise Metropolitano et Primate, Ejusque Suf-
fraganeis, diebus 6ta, 7ma, 8V» mensis Maii, Anno Domini
1817."
Was this a copy from an edition made previous
to the official approbation of these decrees at
368
NOTES AND QUERIES.
II. Nov. 8, '62.
Rome ? If so, a curious topic for inquiry might
be started.
I have not added to the above list any of the
regulations, &c., adopted at meetings of bishops,
and printed in English: as, for example, those
adopted by the bishops of the province of Mun-
ster at Fermoy in 1828, though they obviously
belong to this class of books. My reason for this
omission was partly unwillingness to extend the
list unduly, and partly because my mind is not
quite decided as to the place they should occupy
in it. They are, however, well worthy of exami-
nation.
I have excerpts from the decrees of other dio-
cesan synods held in Ireland during the last half
century, but am not acquainted with the original
form in which they appeared, though the sources
from which I extracted them furnish conclusive
evidence as to their existence. I have not in-
cluded any of these in the above list, which I
believe is the most perfect yet made on the sub-
ject. I hope some one will take in hand the
formation of a similar list for England,; ample
materials for which no doubt exist.
AIKEN IRVINE, Clk.
Fivemiletown.
ANONYMOUS. — Who is the author of 1. Pygma-
lion, a lyrical mono-drama, from the French of
Rousseau, London, 4to, 1 779 ? 2. The Fall of the
Czar, a Poem, by a Clergyman, 1855, Hope,
& Co. f R. INGJLIS.
BAKER OF BOULOGNE. — Can any of your many
readers inform me of the purport of A Letter of a
Baker of Boulogne, sent to the Pope, translated
into English. London, 1607, 4to ? mentioned by
Mr. Hazlitt in his Notes to Lowndes's Biblio-
grapher's Manual, p. 142, ante. I wish to know
further, the name of the Baker, his place of re-
sidence in Boulogne, and the date of his own
proper letter, supposing always that the " Baker
of Boulogne " was a baker of Boulogne. Some
Oxford correspondent might oblige me, or perhaps
Mr. Carew Hazlitt might.
AUGUSTS DE ST. GEST, PREVOT.
Boulogne.
CENTENARIANISM. —
" DEATH OF A CKNTEWARTAV. — A man named George
Brown died at Ramsgate on Tuesday, at the advanced age
of 101. For a considerable time past he has been in the
habit of taking daily exercise, which he did as recently as
Thursday last."
The above notice is extracted from The Globe
of Thursday, October 30, 1862. Could any of
your correspondents at Ramsgate be induced to in-
vestigate this case ; and particularly to ascertain
what was George Brown's physical and mental
state near the close of his life; and whether there
is any registry ol his baptism, or other authentic
evidence of the date of his birth ? G. C. L.
HALF-TIMBERED HOUSES. — Can any reader of
"N. & Q." throw light on the connection of the
"half-timbered houses" of Worcestersii ire, Che-
shire, &c., with similar structures in those parts
of France (especially the ancient province of
Guienne), so long occupied by the English. Which
side of the Channel gave the original idea P
W. M. M.
IMMUNITY FROM DISEASES. — I am well aware
that medical disquisitions, strictly so called, are
incompatible with your plans ; but on a point,
which may be of material and universal utility,
perhaps you may be disposed to admit the follow-
ing observations. In the Travels in South Africa,
by Dr. David Livingstone, London, 1857, at chap,
xxv. p. 504, he, speaking of the climate and the
diseases of the Barotse Valley, says, —
"There is no consumption or scrofula, and but little in-
sanity. ... I have seen but one case of h ydrocepha-
lus, a few of epilepsy, none of cholera or cancer; and
many diseases, common 'in England, are here quite un-
known."
Of the respectability of the author and hia work,
the general estimation of the public renders any
commentary here unnecessary ; and as to bis
qualification as a medical man, I need only refer
to his book, Introduction, p. 7 ; where it will be
found that he was an admitted Licentiate of Fa-
culty of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow, and it
is well known, that there the examinations are the
very reverse of pro forma. The question then is,
Whence this exemption from four of the most
dreadful diseases that "flesh is heir to" ? What
is the prophylactic, or JEgis, which protects man-
kind from such terrible disorders ? Let us hope
that some philosopher, taking the noble Jenner,
with his indomitable energy, for his prototype,
may, like him, bring his scientific mind to bear
upon this subject, and, like him, by the discovery,
immeasurably benefit the human race.
SUGGERO.
INEZ DE CASTRO.— In "N. & Q." (2nd S. v. 95)
E. H. ADAMSON states the number of works he
possesses on Inez de Castro : would he kindly
specify the authors, and whether they are transla-
tions from the Portuguese or original works on
the same subject ? W. M. M.
LEGENDARY SCULPTURE. — At Buckhurst, co.
Sussex, there is a carving in bas-relief, probably
of the fourteenth century, which has hitherto
puzzled the archaeologists who have inspected it.
The design includes the following pictures : on a
funeral pile, and enveloped in flames, lies a female
figure, her arms apparently bound by her sides,
and her visage expressing all the equanimity of a
martyr; above are two clouds, from one of which,
immediately above the head of the lady, issue rays
of light, apparently to signify divine support and
benediction. From another clo.ud (as tangible as
3rd S. II. Nov. 8, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
many that one sees on eighteenth-century monu-
ments in Westminster Abbey), issues an eagle
with downward flight, whether with friendly or
hostile intentions towards the victim does not ap-
pear. To the right of these objects is a castle or
palace, with spires or minarets of mauresque or
oriental character, and a great tree completes the
design. The slab, which is of alabaster, measures
three feet by twenty-one inches. It is set in a
marble chimney piece of the seventeenth century,
and surmounted with the arms and crest of the
noble family of Sackville. It is said to have been
brought from the old Sackville mansion at Bole-
brook, not far from Buckhurst, about thirty years
since, and it is now in Lord De la Warr's private
sitting room at Buckhurst.
I shall be greatly obliged if any reader of
" N. & Q." can inform me as to the person repre-
sented in this curious work of mediaeval art.
MAUK ANTONY LOWER.
LINES. — I send some lines which were found in
the pocket-book of a young man, who was drowned
in an arm of the sea near Nelson, New Zealand,
on Easter Monday last. An intimate, friend says
of him : " He was the nicest fellow I ever saw.
He had been roughing it four or five years, and
had had several very narrow escapes from drown-
ing, though he was the best swimmer, as well as
the best boatman, in the colony. He was popular
with every one high and low, shrinking from no
fatigue or hardship ; yet a perfect gentleman in
every respect." I have not seen the lines else-
where ; and they are fresh, and like what a man
of strong feeling and poetic temperament, not
accustomed to versification, would write after one
of his escapes. Some of his friends will be glad
to know whether the lines are original or not.
If not known, I think them well worthy insertion.
Lines found in the Pocket of H. B., drowned Easter
Monday, 1862, New Zealand.
" From the deep and troubled waters comes the cry :
Wild are the waves around me! — dark the sky.
There is no hand to snatch me from the sad death I die.
" To one small plank that fails me, clinging low,
I am dashed by angry billows to and fro :
I hear death-anthem's singing, in all the winds that
blow.
" A cry of suffering gushes from my lips,
As I behold the distant white-sailed ships
O'er the dark water glancing, where the horizon dips.
" They pass : they are too lofty and remote :
They cannot see the spaces where I float.
The last hope dies within me, with the gasping in my
throat.
" Through dim cloud vistas looking, I can see
The new moon's crescent, sailing pallidly ;
And one star coldly shining upon my miserj'.
" There are no sounds in nature but my moan—
The shriek of the wild petrel, all alone —
And roar of waves, exulting to make my flesh their own.
" Billow with billow rages, tempest trod —
Strength fails me— coldness gathers on this clod —
From the deep and troubled waters I cry to thee, 0
God ! "
H. B. C.
U. U. Club.
MEDICINE. —
" In the Christian world the higher education is re-
solved iuto three Faculties, Theology, Jurisprudence, and
Medicine : of which the first conducts our mental culture
with reference to religion ; the second with reference to
the State and its business; the third, with reference to the
material world, and the properties of its component parts.
For Medicine, in its original and comprehensive sense, as
one of the great divisions of human culture, must be con-
sidered as taking in the whole of physical science." —
Whewell, Elements of Morality, including Polity, 1845,
vol. ii. p. 321.
How is this shown to have been the " original
sense " of medicine ? J. D.
OSENEY BELLS : GREAT TOM OF OXFORD. — The
notes of the celebrated Antony a Wood, as col-
lected from his MSS. by Mr. Skelton, seem to
have been as follows, as regards the bells at
Oseney : —
" At the West end of the Church was situated the
Campanile, or Tower; which, enduring the brunt, stood
firm and whole till 1644. It contained a large and me-
lodious ring of bells, thought to be the best in England.
At the first foundation there were but three bells, be-
sides the Saint and Litany bells; but by abbat Leech
[elected 19th Henry 3rd, 1235] they were increased to
the number of seven. The bells were christened, and
called by the names of Hauteclare, Doucement, Austj'n,
Gabriel, and Joun. All which, for the most part, before
the Suppression, being before broken and recast, bad gotten
new names; which by tradition we name thus: Mary and
Jesus, Meribus [?] and Lucas, New Bell and Thomas,
Conger [?] and Godestbn ; which Thomas, now com-
monly called Great Tom of Christ Church, had this in-
scription not long since remaining upon it: —
' In Thomce laude, resono BIM BOM sine fraude,'
and was accounted six feet in diameter, which is eighteen
feet in compass."
The MSS. are said to be dated 1661. , Can any
of your readers tell me whether there is now any
such inscription on Great Tom ? It" is said tradi-
tionally, he was recast when Sir Christopher Wren
rebuilt the turret over the entrance gate. The
present Great Tom of Lincoln is 6 feet 10£ inches
across ; the great bell of St. Peter's, Rome, is
7 feet 4 inches. It seems probable that the name
only one which had the name of " Big Ben," be-
fore the one at Westminster was cast.
It appears there were seven bells at Oseney
before the suppression. This number would make
but an awkward peal. Afterwards they were in-
creased to the octave. Will this circumstance
assist us in our researches as to change-ringing ?
A. A.
370
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[8»« S. II. Nov. 8, '62.
PETERBOROUGH BELLS. — In the inventory taken
of the " Treasure of the Church of Peterborough,"
1539, is the following entry : —
" Item. In the two steeples of the Monastery at the
front, bells 10 ; and in other several places of the houses,
bells four."
This sterns an unusual number ; the ten could
not, however, have been rung in peal as they
were distributed in two steeples. Do any of the
ancient bells exist at present ? And if so, have
they any inscriptions ? A. A.
Poets' Corner.
PRJDEAOX QUERY. — In The Times for Friday,
Oct. 3, 1862, under the head of East India and
China Mails, it states, " The French sailing trans-
port, Prideaux, was at Alexandria." As I have
for some time past been collecting information
respecting the Prideaux family, I shall be glad if
any of your correspondents can inform me why a
French transport ship should be called Prideaux?
was it named after a person or place ? if the latter,
where situated ? G. P. P.
SAMARITAN PENTATEUCH AND CHRONICON. —
In a treatise entitled, A Discourse of Free Think-
ing, London, 1713, without any name of author
[who was he ? *] or publisher, it is said (p. 53), —
" The Rabbis among the Samaritans, who now live at
Sichem, in Palestine, receive the five books of Moses (the
copy whereof is very different from ours) as their scripture ;
together with a Chronicon, or history of themselves from
Moses's time, quite different from that contained in the
historical books of the Old Testament. This Chronicon f
is lodged in the Public Library of Leyden, and has never
been published in print."
Is this still at Leyden ? Has it been since pub-
lished ? Have this Pentateuch and this Chronicon,
or either of them, been translated (faithfully) into
any modern language, or into Latin ? If so, where
is the translation to be met with ? F.
Is there any ground for supposing that what is
called the Samaritan Pentateuch existed among
the Ten Tribes before the Captivity ?
MELETES.
ST. CECILIA, THE PATRONESS or Music. —
Can any of the readers of " N. & Q." inform ine
about what period St. Cecilia came to be regarded
as the Patroness of Music ?
The Very Rev. Dr. Husenbetb, of Cossey, in
his valuable Life of Bishop Milner (Duffy, Lon-
don, 1862), refers to a note in one of the earlier
publications of the Bishop, entitled, An Inquiry
into the Existence and Character of St. George, in
which his lordship states that, —
" Musicians have been very unfortunate in the choice
of their patroness, no less than painters have been in
their mode of representing her, as in the only passage
[* Anthony Collins, an English controversialist and
metaphysical writer.— ED.]
t Relandi Disser., vol. ii. p. 16.
in her ancient acts, in which there is any mention of
music, the Saint appears rather to hare blighted than ad-
mired it: ' Cantautibus organic, Csecilia in corde suo de-
cautabat ; fiat, Domine, cor meum immaculatum aute,' "
&c., &c.
On the other hand, Mrs. Jameson, in her Sacred
and Legendary Art (vol. ii. p. 202, ed. London,
1848), quotes long passages from the Acts and
! Legends of the Saint, amongst which arc the fol-
lowing words : —
" As she excelled in music, she turned her gifts to the
glory of God, and composed hymns, which she sang her-
self with such ravishing sweetness, that even the angels
\ descended from heaven to listen to her," &c.
Again, —
" She played on all instruments, but none sufficed to
breathe forth that flood of harmony with which her whole
soul was filled ; therefore she invented the organ, cause-
crating it to the service of God."
Sir John Hawkins, in his General History of the
| Science and Practice of Music (ed. London, 1853,
| vol. ii. p. 746), refers, in a long note, to the tradi-
I tion connected with the Saint, —
" That she excelled in music, and that this has been
{ deemed sufficient authority for making her the patroness
; of music and musicians."
It seems that in the ancient devotional repre-
sentations of St. Cecilia, both in Rome and Flo-
rence, she was not painted with any musical
attributes. Much curious and valuable inform-
ation about the saint was published by Abbe
j Gueranger, in a work entitled L'Histoire de Sainle
Cecile (Tournai, 1854). But not having the volume
by me, I quite forget what the writer says re-
specting the " Acts " of the Saint, and how far
they may be considered as authentic. I should be
glad to see the subject discussed in " N. & Q."
JOHN D ALTON.
Norwich.
WALKER, BERWICKSHIRE. — Perhaps MENYAN-
THES, or MR. TURNBULL, or some of your Berwick-
shire correspondents, can assist me in the follow-
ing : — About one hundred years ago Margaret
Fisch, sister of the last Fisch of Castlelaw, married
a Mr. Walker, a farmer near Greenlaw, Berwick-
shire. He had a relative, I believe, a physician,
in Jedburgh, about the beginning of the present
century. I am anxious'to know this Mr. Walker's
name, place of abode, and parish. 2. e.
CLIFTON WTVIL. — Edward Wyvil, second son
of D'Arcy Wyvil, second son of Sir William, fourth
baronet of Constable Burton, general supervisor
of excise at Edinburgh, married on December 18,
1737, Christian Catherine, daughter of William
Clifton of that city. He died March, 1791, leav-
ing an only son, Christopher Wyvil. I am anxious
to know more of William Clifton, particularly who
his wife was. Her name was Mary, and their son,
William Clifton, was vicar of Erableton, in North-
umberland. 2. 0.
i
3'd S. II. Nov. 8, '62.3
NOTES AND QUERIES.
371
WHERE WAS WELLINGTON EDUCATED ? — Can
any reader of " N. & Q." solve the difficulty
mooted in the accompanying extract, cut some
time since from a country newspaper?
" In Francis's Life of the Duke, he says, ' His education
commenced at Eton ; from thence he went to the Military
Academy of Angers.' Whereas upon his leaving Eton, he
went to his mother, Lady Mornington, then (i.e. 1785)
residing at Brussels, and was educated under a French
Avocat, Louis Gobert, which fact is more peculiarly wor-
thy of notice, as in after years the Duke went from this
very place to the ever-memorable Battle^cf Waterloo. It
seems strange, therefore, that such an event, though ap-
parently of a trivial kind, should be omitted in all the
hitherto authenticated accounts of so great a man.
" In the latter part of the year 1785, John Armitage,
Esq., who was under the said Gobert, and who put me in
possession of the above fact, left Brussels, and the Duke
still remained. This will account for the gap in the his-
tory. Mr. Armitage was formerly in the Koyal Regiment
of Horse Guards Blue, but is now living at Northampton.
He met the Duke at Doncaster races, in 1828, and was
recognised by him, and the Duke made the following ob-
servation to him : ' The man we were with was alive the
year of the Battle of Waterloo.' "
O. E. G.
BIBLE : AUTHORISED VERSION. — By what au-
thority is the "authorised" version used? I ask
for information, as I heard a lecturer the other
day boldly assert that the book was never pre-
sented to Parliament ; that there was no act au-
thorising its use ; no order in council ; nor even
any decree of convocation. In short, that the
present version has no legal authority whatever.
The lecturer, a well-known man, reiterated his
statement, and no one seemed disposed to question
it. It seemed to me so extraordinary, that I
thought some of your readers might be able to
give some information on the subject. If true,
the " Bishops' Bible " is the only true authorised
version, the one put forth by Matthew Parker.
J. CLARKE.
[The authorised version may be regarded as a revision
of the Bishops' Bible, rather than as a new and indepen-
dent work. The translators were enjoined to follow " the
ordinary Bible read in the church, commonly called the
Bishops' Bible," and not to make alterations unless the
meaning of the original could be more accurately con-
veyed. This revision was undertaken by Royal autho-
rity. James I. issued letters to the archbishops and
bishops, commanding them to inform themselves of the
learned men in their several dioceses, who, by their at-
tainments in Hebrew and Greek, and by the direction of
their studies to the Scriptures, were best fitted to be en-
gaged in such a work. Two of the classes sat at West-
minster, two at Oxford, and two at Cambridge, who
were employed on the work for three years, 1607-1610,
proceeding with that deliberation, and care which so
weighty an undertaking required. Next to the Book of
Common Prayer no work has been issued with more
authority than the present received translation of the
English Bible; and it is admitted universally that it was
in the main most admirably accomplished. Moreover,
the King or Queen, as the executive power, has a prero-
gative copyright in the Holy Bible as well as in the
Book of Common Prayer, Statutes, &c., to insure accu-
racy, and to preclude false and corrupt readings.]
MEDAL or CHARLES I. — I should be glad if
any reader of " N. & Q." could give me informa-
tion as to a coin or medal of King Charles I. in
my possession. It is about the size of a crown
piece, silver, rather thin, but the designs stamped
in very high relief. Obv. The king mounted, in
armour bare-headed, right hand grasping a baton
upright, a plumed helmet under the horse's feet ;
under the figure the date 1633, and round it the
inscription, " CAROLVS . AVGVSTISS . BT . INVICTISS .
MAG . BRIT . FRAN . ET . HIB . MONARCHA." Im-
mediately over the baton is the " All-seeing Eye "
dividing the beginning from the last letter of the
inscription. Rev. A town on a river, with cathe-
dral and bridge, evidently old St. Paul's and
London Bridge ; above it, the sun shining in
splendour, with clouds behind it. The inscription
round is, " SOL . ORBEM . REDIENS . sic . REX . IL-
LUMINAT . URBEM." F. D. H.
[This medal is engraved in Evelyn's Numismata; a
Discourse of Medals, fol. 1G97, No. xxxi. p. 109, with the
following note : " After which, returning out of Scotland,
we see the King on horseback, crowned, and in complete
armor, pointing with his commanding- staff to a providen-
tial eye in the clouds."]
GREEN CLOTH. — To what does this apply ? It
can hardly be the " Board of Green Cloth," an
office so called. And yet what could have rendered
the notice being made public?
" On a representation made to the king of the great
expense of the Green-cloth Table at Court, it was ordered
to be laid aside, June 5, 1721." — Historical Register.
W. P.
[The table of the Board of Green Cloth was formerly
used for more mundane objects than the trial of of-
fences committed within "The Verge of the Court."
From an order copied by Mr. Cunningham (Handbook of
London, p. 62, ed. 1850) from the Warrant Book of the
Board, we learn the nature of the duties of the Lord
Steward of the Household at certain times:. —
"Board of Green Cloth, 12th June, 1681. Order was
this day given, that the Maides of Honour should have
Cherry Tarts instead of Gooseberry Tarts, it being ob-
served that Cherrys are at threepence per pound."
From the same" book it appears, that Henry Duke of
Kent, when Lord Steward of the Household in part of
the reigu of George II., had 1001. allowed him, and six-
teen dishes daily at each meal, with wine and beer. The
dishes have vanished, and the income of the Lord Steward
is now a settled salary. The Poets-laureat used to re-
ceive their annual tierce of canary from this office. The
Court of Verge was abolished by 9 Geo. IV. c. 21, June
27, 1828.]
PILL.— Who was the inventor of the following
medicine ? — *
" 1736, Feby. Died, Vesey Hart, Esq., of Lincoln's Inn.
About fifteen months ago he took the celebrated pill,
which had at first such violent effects as to throw him
372
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"> S. II. Nov. 8, '62.
into convulsions, and deprive him of his sight; on re-
covery, he fell into a consumption."
W. P.
[This celebrated pill wns prepared by Joshua Ward, of
Whitehall, a famous empiric " shown up " in the Grub
Street Joiinuil in 1734 (vol. iv. p. 61C), and in No. :.'<;.;,
Jan. 9, 173.5. Consult also Gent. Mag. xxxiii. 75 ; Wadd's
Mems., Ma xims, &c. 1827, p. 158; Duncan's Medical Com-
tnentariet for 1788, vol. xiii. ; Bvrom's Remain*, i. 530 ;
and Churchill's Poemt, edit. 1854," iii. 13. Ward's Will is
printed in the Gent. Mag. xxxii. 208. The principal in-
greJient in the pill was antimony prepared in a particu-
lar manner. See An Account of Mr. Ward's Medical
Nostrums, by John Page, Esq. 8vo, 1763.]
" ESSAYS AND MEDITATIONS." — Who was the
author of a small volume, which was reprinted in
Dublin, for private circulation, in the year 1824?
It is entitled Essays on Retirement from Business,
and Afeditatiuni on Religious Subjects (12mo, pp.
137) ; and is stated, on the title-page, to have been
written " by a late eminent physician." In a note
appended to the Advertisement, by " J. C. [Alder-
man John Cash], Rutland Square [Dublin], 1824,"
the reader is informed that " the above was writ-
ten, and handed to the printer of the first Dublin
edition, about the year 1777, byDr.M'Bride of Ca-
vendish Row, an eminent physician, and a man of
very distinguished literary talents." Dr. M'Bride
was the author's literary executor. ABBBA.
[This work was first printed at Edinburgh in 1762, en-
titled Essays and Meditations on Variant Subjects. By a
Physician, 12mo, and consists of three Essays and fourteen
Meditations. It is the production of James Mackeneie,
M.D., Fellow of the Koyal College of Physicians in
Edinburgh, and author of the History of Health, 1758.
He died at Stutten in Warwickshire on Aug. 7, 1761,
aged seventy-one. See a notice of him in The Scots Ma-
gazine, xxiii. 447.]
REV. INGRAM COBBIN. — Can you give me any
biographical particulars regarding the Rev. In-
gram Cobbin, author of many works, prose and
verse ? I wish information regarding his poetical
writings. R. INGLIS.
[The Rev. Ingram Cobbin was born in London in
December, 1777, educated at Hoxton Academy, and be-
came pastor of the corigregational church at South Mol-
ton, Devon. Ill health having compelled him to resign
the ministry, he became first Assistant-Secretary to the
British and Foreign School Society, and in the j'ear 1819
founder and Secretary to the Home Missionary Society.
From the year 1828 he devoted himself entirely to au-
thorship, and a list of his numerous works is given in
The London Catalogue of Bo:)ks, 1816-1851. Mr. Cobbin
died at his residence, Camberwell, on March 10, 1851,
and a short Memoir of him appeared in The Evangelical
Magazine for July, 1851. His only poetical works are
Philanthropy, a Poem, with Miscellaneous Pieces. Lond.
12mo, 1817; and Scripture Parable* in Verse, with Ex-
planations and Reflections. Lond. 12mo, 1818.]
ROBERT TAYLOR. — Wanted any information
regarding the Rev. Robert Taylor, A.B., author of
Swing, or Who are the Incendiaries f a political
drama. London, 1831. R. INGLIS.
[A Memoir of the Rev. Robert Taylor, B.A. called by
Henry Hunt "The Devil's Chaplain," is prefixed to vols.
i. and ii. of The DeviC* Pulpit, published by Richard
Carlilo in 1*31, 12mo. The copy of Swing befon in is
the one presented to Mr. Kemble with the following note
on the fly-leaf: "The Rnv. K. Taylor respectful!
fies his o'.vn vanity with the hope of affording some en-
tertainment to Mr. Kemble in this sp-. -linen <n
Drama sliould be. 17, Carey Street, Lincoln's Inn."]
ANONYMOUS. — Who is the author of Ch
your own Path, or the Predeylinnrian, a play i
five acts, published by Partridge and Co. 1857,
where printed, and is there any dedication ?
R. INGLIS.
[Printed by Shaw and Spurgeon, Crane Con;-
Street. There is no Dedication.]
GALILEO AN*D THE TELESCOPE.
(3rd S. ii. 210, 288.)
If my remembrance be correct, I beard the
tradition at "Lo Specolo," at Florence ; and I be-
lieve from one of the gentlemen connected with
that interesting place. It is with the greatest
diffidence I would venture to differ from two such
authorities as the correspondents who have so
kindly replied to my Query ; but they must ex-
cuse me, if I cannot see that " the legend is over-
thrown." How stand the facts? Copernicus
nearly a century before the time of Galileo, hi
entertained the notion of the system of the uni-
verse which now bears his name; namely, that the
sun is the centre, and that the earth and the other
planets revolve round him. This system is saic
by some to have been that of Pythagoras, by
others of Apollonius of Perga. It matters, how-
ever, little to our present question ; suffice it to
say the idea seems rather to have been revived
by Copernicus, than to have been invented bj
him. It appears also to be clear, from the pas-
sage quoted from Mr. Drinkwater Bethune's
book, that he was met by this argument : that,
were this theory correct, Venus must at certain
times appear horned and gibbous, and in fact
present to the earth all the appearances of a moon
as she revolved round the sun : whereas, said the
opponents, look at Venus when you will she is
always a star. This argument seems to have
puzzled Copernicus so much, that he resorted to
(pace tanti riri) what appears to be the some-
what clumsy evasion, of supposing the planet
Venus to be transparent. He had no means of
ascertaining any other facts than such as were
afforded him by the use of the naked eye.
Thus stood the argument till 1597, when Ga-
lileo seems to have taken up the question in the
letter to Kepler, which is cited by your able cor-
respondent. In my Query I used the word
"promulgate," which is perhnps scarcely the pro-
per phrase. What I intended to convey was, that
the theory about that time was communicated to
3'd S. II. Nov. 8, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
373
others, but (ni fallor) not as yet "published" to
the world. Now in May, 1609, Galileo hears of
the Dutch invention. It does not seem clear,
from the biographies that I have had access to, that
he ever saw their instrument ; but it seems plain
he devoted his energies to perfect the telescope,
and succeeded so far, that sixteen months after,
September 1610, he actually discovered the phases
of Venus ; and cleared away the powerful objec-
tion over which his great predecessor had stum-
bled, and supplied the last conclusive proof to the
correctness of his theory.
Now what is there in all this inconsistent with
the tradition that he was "promulgating" (if you
will pardon the word) his famous theory? It is
clear he did so to Kepler. Why not to other per-
sons ? What is there improbable in the tradition
that an intelligent friend should use against him
the arguments which Copernicus could not get
over ; and what is more likely than that Galileo
should eagerly seize on the first means that were
likely to unveil the fact which supplied the an-
swer? This is all the "legend;" and really I
must beg to say, deferentially, the facts do not
seem to " overthrow " it.
The antiquary always is in the great difficulty
of believing too much or too little. He must
indeed be very judicious to steer clear between
the Scylla of credulity, and the Charybdis of
scepticism. For my own self I generally find,
however perverted or deformed they may be by
ignorant narrators, there is (to use a homely
phrase) " something in " most local traditions, and
much more so when coming from educated men.
Whether it be true or not, the story is interest-
ing ; and I am the more pleased to have narrated
it, as it has elicited two such able Notes from two
such valued correspondents. A. A.
Poets' Corner.
EARLY MSS. OF THE SCRIPTURES.
(3ra S. ii. 301.)
that fi N insists upon seems to be that
there was certainly a Roman cursive mode of
writing in early times, which, I suppose, was
known long ago, and quite independently of the
pseudo-Roman Transylvanian diptych.* There
are very early writings in cursive character upon
papyrus. Most nations, in fact, have a cursive as
well as a formal character.
His argument appears to be twofold — 1. The
Romans had a cursive in early times ; they bor-
* This wretched forger}- having been referred to twice
lately, it may be well to inform the readers of " N. & Q."
that they may see a facsimile of it in Sylvestre's Paleo-
graphy, vol. ii. plate 76. The Hues are nicely divided
into words, which alone would prove it spurious. The
characters are about as much like anything Roman as
the writing on the recently forged leaden tokens, &c., re-
sembles mediaeval letters.
rowed their characters from the Greek (which
is quite doubtful) : ergo, the Greeks had a cur-
sive character in early times. This may or may
not be true. The Romans may have borrowed
their uncials from Greece, and still invented their
cursive or common mode of writing. It beinn-
in fact nothing more than a quick mode of writing
uncials, leaving just sufficient of the character to
determine the letters. His second argument is,
that as the Greeks had a cursive mode of writing
therefore we ought to consider some, at any rate,
of our cursive copies of the gospels as of at least
equal date with the uncial copies ; or, even fur-
ther than this, he would almost seem to say,
" ergo, the cursive- copies are per se of equal
authority with the uncials"; for he blames the
modern authorities for not referring to the cur-
sive MSS. This, of course, is no argument at all.
It may be quite true that the Greeks had a cur-
sive character, and yet they might have never or
very seldom used it for the writing of books,
keeping it for its natural purpose — domestic and
ordinary writings, such as autograph letters, ac-
counts, and the like. Again : It might be true
that some scribes even wrote books in cursive
character; and 0 N's argument will not help him.
For it does not follow that any such examples
still exist, even if we allow that they might have
done so in ancient times. All that he shows is,
that it is worth while to look out for an earlier
date among cursive MSS. than we have been in
the habit of doing.
To put his theory to the test, I would ask him
if he can name a single cursive MS. of the scrip-
tures in England to which he would assign an
earlier date than to any uncial copy ? If he can
point out one copy in characters at all resembling
the long thin scrawling cursive Roman writing ?
Before he can do this, he has no right to find
fault with the rejection of cursive MSS. as au-
thorities. He says that we do not know for cer-
tain the dates of the uncials. All we know is,
that they were written before such and such a date.
This is a fair test enough. Can he name one cur-
sive book in the world that is known to have
been in existence at a very early date ?
Lastly, supposing for a moment that we may in
time discover cui-sive MSS. of the gospels as old
as the uncial, still they would not be as good for
authorities, for of course they would have been
done for cheapness, and so much less carefully
than the sumptuous and beautiful uncial MSS.
With regard to these latter, it does seem that we
should be as careful as possible in examining
their character, for it is probable that all the
copies may not be genuine. This caution is, I
think, especially necessary with regard to all un-
cial codices discovered within the last hundred
years. J. C. J.
374
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[8"1 S. II. Nov. 8, '62.
WRITTEN TREE OF THIBET.
(3rd S. ii. 327.)
A simple explanation of the mjstery of this tree
occurred to me while reading the interesting work
of MM. Hue and Gabet.
There are a few rare, and even unique trees —
the last of their species — still existing, and this
may be one of the latter. The Buddhist legend
may be of comparatively modern invention ; while
the tree to which it refers may, from the pecu-
liarity of its leaves and bark, have suggested —
at a very remote period, when Thibetan first came
to be a written language — the primitive idea of an
alphabet. Analogies are numerous ; and the spe-
cial wonder of the Thibetan " green robed sena-
tor" ceases, when we remember the strangely
scored Music-shell of the West Indies, the re-
markable Bourra Courra of Guiana ; to say nothing
of the suggestive Snake-nut, the Butterfly Orchis,
the Mexican Hand-plant, the Vanilla, the Vallis-
neria, the strange Stapelias, the Fly-traps, and
some of the Mimosas, &c.
The Glastonbury thorn in England, the Dra-
gon-tree of Tcneriffe, and the Upas (?), are all
celebrities in their way ; and in some respects
equal iheir Thibetan rival.
Jn The Testimony of the Rocks we learn, that
the type of a supposed original and popular pat-
tern for cotton prints was afterwards recognised
on the bark of one of the fossil Sigillaria.
We ought also to bear in mind, that an enthu-
siast (M. Hue), however honourable, is apt to
recognise a resemblance when told of it, where
another would look for it in vain, or detect it but
faintly.
The Llamas' assertion, that their sacred tree
cannot be propagated by slips or seeds, may be
as reasonable as the Jamaica idea, that the Pi-
mento has a similar peculiarity to a certain ex-
tent; and that its seeds will not germinate unless
they have passed through the crop of a bird.
Central Asia is, as a botanical region, but little
known. The fact has been the subject of an in-
genious calculation (vide Humboldt's Aspects of
Nature), and it is not improbable that the Thi-
betan tree may yet, without difficulty, trace its
family (so to speak) amongst already known
species.
> On the hypothesis, that the Thibetan tree
afforded a written character to one of the early
races to mankind, in the dawn of its civilisation,
some specimens of its leaves in our Museums
would indeed be generally desirable. SPAL.
As it yet remains to be proved that no other
tree similar to that seen by MM. Hue and Gabet
has ever existed, are we not justified in revers-
i°g (?) the order of cause and effect, and (in the
absence of more satisfactory explanations) take it
for granted that the letters of the sacred language
were copied from a similar tree ? This may be a
Christopher Columbus way of solving difficulties
(quite unlearned), but it is submitted to B. as
the best explanation of the phenomenon that was
given to CHARLOTTE
HARRISON, THE REGICIDE.
(lil S. xi. 350.)
I have just seen in " N. & Q." a paragra'L
signed BACH, Philadelphia, referring to the regi-
cide Gen. Harrison. It states that Anne Har-
rison, granddaughter of the General, married in
Bristol. Your correspondent asks, through what
descent was she a descendant of Cromwell's co-
adjutor, Harrison?
I do not know, but the following mems. may
interest. I am, by connexion, allied to the Har-
risons. The last Bristol descendant, and in a
direct line, was Mrs. Harrison of that city : a lady
of fortune, who was alive thirty»five years since.
She bore Harrison's arms, viz. what I believe
heralds term an eagle displayed ; which we iden-
tify, because it is exactly that figured on the seal
of " Harrison," as represented in the fac-siinile of
Charles I.'s death warrant. The crest is a helme'
I possess a large silver tobacco- or snuff-bo:
with this coat handsomely engraved on it. The
is no motto, but an inscription : " Stanley H
risou, 1712." It is curious that (as pointed cu
to me by a silversmith) the " silver mark "
Austrian ; and the box may have been purcha
when the owner was a fugitive at Vienna, p
haps in the Austrian service — to escape thi
vengeance of the Restoration, and possibly hi
father's fate.
I received the box from Mrs. Harrison, an
also a very elegant large pocket knife ; such
was customarily carried by visitors, before kniv
and forks were generally laid upon the board,
is of rich tortoiseshell and silver, with a blade
most extraordinary temper. A silver etui, fill
with the customary implements ; and a pair
ancient pistols, richly mounted in silver, of whi
the locks, though still ancient, are not the origi
nals. These things, much older than the bo:
were handed down by old Mrs. Harrison as hei
looms, having belonged to the regicide. She
lieved that the box itself belonged to him, an
that it has been inscribed as above by his so
Stanley. Harrison was executed at Charing Cros
in 1660. Pepys says, with the greatest noncha-
lance, that he made a holiday to witness the
hideous spectacle of his execution, disembowel-
ment, and quartering. I have been thus minu
in particulars, in case any descendant of
family might be interested in these relics. M
BACH says that Lady Ashburton is one. The:
is a vulgar tradition that General Harrison w
* S. II. Nov. 8, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
375
of base origin, the son of a Carlisle butcher. A
mere weak invention of the enemy, very common
at the period. He was a gentleman of coat ar-
mour ; and his father, grandfather, and great-
grandfather, were men of landed estate in the
county of Durham and in London. They always
bore the above coat, which is assigned them in
heraldic visitations. SAGITTARIUS.
COINS, ETC.
(3rd S. ii. 8.)
The gold coin mentioned by your correspondent
. is simply a Holland ducat. If MR. FREEMAN has
made no mistake in his pointing " each line of
capitals just as they appear on the coin, there
must be an " error in the work," for in the third
line there should be no point, or stop, between
FOE and DER. One specimen of this coin, date
1760, was sent to me from India by a relative,
the late Capt. C. Powys, of the 9th Lancers, who
labelled it as a Venetian zeccbino. He obtained
it at Goozerat from a private of his troop, " who
had picked it out of a dead Sikh's hair, in which
it was concealed." I have somewhere heard that
Shere Singh distributed many of these coins
amongst his troops as pay ; and we can easily ac-
count for the existence in India of large quanti-
ties of the money of the " United Provinces."
Capt. Powys, in' describing the coins as a sequin,
made a mistake, but others have also fallen into
the same error, and with less excuse. I remember
reading in some back number of the Athenaeum a
report of the proceedings at a meeting of one of
our learned societies in London, on which occa-
sion one of these Holland ducats was either pre-
sented or exhibited by a member, and declared
by him to be a Venetian sequin. Strange to say,
his statement was allowed to pass without contra-
diction by the learned body before whom it was
made. I intended at the time to correct this
mistake, but by some accident mislaid the paper
which contained the report. How in the face of
the " HOL." on the obverse, or the " PROVIN.
FOEDER. BELG." on the reverse, any society but
that of which Mr. Pickwick was the distinguished
president, and which so ably settled the " B. I.L.I,
S.T.U.M.P.S " &c. question, could have swallowed
such a mistake, I cannot imagine.
The coin in MR. FREEMAN'S punch-ladle most
probably found its way into this country in the
purse of Boreel, or his retinue, who came here
in 1761, as ambassador from the States- General
to congratulate George III. on his accession to
the throne. At any rate the intercourse between
Holland and England during the latter half of
the last century, hostile or friendly by starts,
will easily account for the existence in this country
of many such coins as the ducat in question,
especially if we remember that in the very year,
1758, in which MR. FREEMAN'S coin was minted,
the Dutch had suffered losses, in one month, to
the tune of 13,000,000 guilders, from English
privateering or piracy. The legends on this coin
may be read at full thus : Obv., Moneta ORninaria
pRoviNcialis (or provinciarum) roEDEsis BELaicse
AD LEGCS iMperii. Rev. — RES PARV^E CRESCUNT
HOLLANDS CONCORDE, — a sentiment akin to the
Belgian motto, " L'union fait la force."
CHESSBOROUGH.
Harberton, Totnes.
The gold coin mentioned by S. C. FREEMAN, as
being inserted in his punch-ladle, is a ducat of the
Low Country Confederate States, minted for the
province of Holland. I have before me two ex-
amples, one of which, dated 1759, is of or for
West-Friesland, and the other, dated 1803, for
Trajectum or Utrecht. The third line of the in-
scrjption on the reverse should read FOEDER, not
FOE . DER (the latter, I presume, being one of the
errors alluded to by your correspondent). The
figure in armour holds a sheaf of arrows in his left
hand, and there are numerous varieties of this
particular design, according to the date when, and
place where, the ducat was coined. SIGMA-TAU.
Capetown, S. A.
THE PRINCE OF WALES'S MAJORITY (3rd S. ii.
350.) — Your correspondent, E. V., is right in
saying that the Prince of Wales attains his ma-
jority on the eighth of November. He will have
done so, in fact, from the moment after the clock's
striking twelve at midnight of Friday the seventh
instant ; so that when, in the morning of Saturday
the 8th, these lines appear in " N. & Q.," his Royal
Highness will already have been legally of age
several hours. •
This is quite irrespective of the hour of the day
at which the Prince was born ; which might even
have been such — just before midnight of Nov. 9,
1841 — as to allow of his attaining his legal ma-
jority forty-eight hours, except the smallest frac-
tion of an hour, before the completion of the full
twenty-one years. For the law knows of no part
of a day, any more than of a law-term or session
of Parliament.
It is on this principle of regarding a part, how-
ever small, of any division of time, as the whole,
that the Jews computed their kings' reigns. In
Origines Biblicce, p. 83, I had occasion to refer to
the doctrine of the Talmud (Treatise Rosh-Hash-
shanaJi), that " a king who ascends the throne on
the 29th of Adar [the last day of the year], has,
on the 1st of Nisan [the first day of the following
year], completed one year and commenced another
. . . for one day of a year is regarded as a [whole]
year." In such a case, then, while the Jewish
376
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. Nov. 8, '62.
historian would record that the king had reigned
two years, we should say that he had reigned only
two (Itiy-t. CHARLES BEKE.
Bekesbourne.
It is pronounced by 15. V. to be an error to say
that the Prince of Wales will attain his majority
on his approaching birthday, the 9th of the pre-
sent month. But, as the Prince will certainly
not complete his twenty-one years of age till the
clock strikes twelve at night on the 8th of Novem-
ber, he cannot be said to be of age on the 8th ;
but only when the 8th is past. On this account
the majority is always kept on the recurring
birthday, that being the earliest period when it
can be kept in truth. Of course, if we know
the hour of the Prince's birth, we can keep bis
majority on the 8th, when that hour is past; but
this would be splitting straws, and mere trifling.
It is possible, however, that on some such quibble
the vote of Lord Norreys was admitted.
F. C. E.
It was long ago settled that the full age of
twenty-one years is completed on the day preced-
ing the anniversary of a person's birth; that if born
just before midnight on the 1st day of January,
he may do any legal act just after midnight on the
31st of December, though not having lived twenty-
one years by nearly forty-eight hours. W. C.
ASSERTED BAPTISM OF WILLIAM OLDYS AT
ADDERBURY (3rd S. i. 343.) — I some time since
sent you a communication upon this subject, and
suggested that the parish register of Adderbury
should be searched, under the date of 1G96. I
have now to report to you that, through the kind-
ness of the Rev. George Miller of Rad way, and of
Mr. Thomas Beesley of Banbury (nephew of the
historian of that place), what I suggested has
been done. The Rev. H. D. Gordon, curate of
Adderbury, has very kindly inspected the parish
records, but without success. The year 1696
seems an especially unfortunate one for the de-
sired purpose. The registers of Adderbury were
much better kept a little before, and a little after
that period. Baptisms and deaths are jumbled
together at that date, and half a page of the year
1696 is partially illegible. To make sure of Wil-
liam Oldys, if he were there under some other
surname, Mr. Gordon looked at all the Williams,
but could not find any one that would at all suit
the antiquary. JOHN BRUCE.
VARIOUS LENGTHS OF THE PERCH (3rd S. ii. 213,
296.)— Of course, every reader of " N. & Q." is
aware there is scarcely a weight or measure, or
even, so to speak, number, which does not vary.
The point which interests the antiquary, however,
is to discover if possible whence the difference
arose. Thus the weight of twelve and of sixteen
ounces show the pound of Roman origin and that
of the uvoir-du-pois . The church perch appears to
me to be worthy of especial inquiry. But I must
venture to differ from your learned eorr>j>|>on-
dent. The church had very lai-^e possessions in
woodlands ; and, therefore, must have been lar;
sellers instead of buyers. We find, throughout
country, Abbey Woods, Priors' Coppices, Mon
Holts, &c. And the computua rolls of eve
monastery, as well as those of the Augmui.i ai
Office, not only enumerate prata and pascua, bi
mereniiium, or timber felled ; andbosci, or growin
thickets. The presumption seems rather to be,
that the church was a more liberal seller than her
feudal neighbours. Some old chartulary may
throw light upon this.
Where I am at present I have no access
documents. Could any legal reader refer me t
the Act which makes 16} feet the statute perch ?
A. A.
Poeta' Corner.
GHETTO (3rd S. ii. 248, 294.) — This word is
scarcely ancient enough to admit of its derivation
from the Arabic. Moreover, the body of the
Jews know little or nothing of that noble lan-
guage, and would rather have given it either
Hebrew or an Italian name. Italians would, me
probably, have named it from their own language
I am disposed to think that the word may
simply the tail of some Italian diminutive, ending
in ghetto or chetlo, of which there must be many :
as borghelto, boschetto, \arghetto, laogheito, mar
ghetto, porcAe/to, righetto, licheUo. Menage sug-
gests that ghetto may come from Qiiulaicet
(perhaps clausum understood) : thus, Giudaicetnr,
cetum, getum, ghetum, ghettum, ghetto.
R. S. CHARNOCK.
ANCIENT CHESSMEN (3rd S. ii. 247.)— MR. MON-
TAGUE WILLIAMS asks certain questions relative
to the " bishops " in chess : I beg to add another.
A member of my family lately bought an oldisu
set of chess, said to be Chinese, in which tt
" bishops " have head-dresses in the mitre fora
Can this be really Chinese ? If so, how are tl
apparent mitres to be accounted for ?
W. M. ROSSETTI.
WORDS DERIVED FROM PROPER NAMES (3rd
ii. 277, &c.) — A few additional instances : Terms
pant (from mediaeval mythology, see the Tale
Sir Tkopas, in Chaucer, 1. 15221); qu. Bunkui
or Buncombe, Romance, Orrery, Alexandrine,
Anacreontic, &c.
JOB J. BARDWELL WORKARD, M.A.
" I'M OFF TO CHARLESTOWN" (2ud S. xii. 503.)-
This is only a popular " negro melody," I be
lieve, and has nothing to do with the war, unle
" Carry me back to Old Virginny," or " I went
down to New Orleans," — two similar songs •
were respectively prophetic of Antietam and
Gen. Butler.
I do not understand exactly the remark of
3rd S. II. Nov. 8, 'C->.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
377
K. P. D. E. (2nd S. xii. 178) : " Supposing Savage's
Dictionary to be correct, it is not impossible that
George Bunker, of Charlestown, may have been a
Laughton man." It is not what is here termed
" a case of suppose." Mr. Savage is unquestion-
ably right. Bunker owned the hill, and in ac-
cordance with usage here, gave it his name. As
to the man, he writes : " George Bunker was of
Charlestown 1634, and died in 1664 or 5. He
had three sons, two of whom married and left
issue. In later years he removed to Maiden,
but he owned, before and after, the summit of
that hill of glory bearing his name."
W. H. WHITMOBE.
Boston, U. S. A.
FORTHINK (3rd S. ii. 309.)— See Chaucer's Can-
terbury Tales, 1. 9780.
" That me for-thiriketh, quod this Januarie;
He is a gentil squj'er, by my trouthe,
If that he ileyde, it were harm and routhe."
JOB J. BARDWELL WORKABD, M.A.
ALEXANDER COSBY, LIEUT.- GOVERNOR OF
NOVA SCOTIA (2nd S. xii. 269.) — lam fortunately
able to throw some light upon this disputed point,
as I have one of the MS. letter books of Jean Paul
Mascarene, who is styled Lt.-Gov.] in 1740 by
Judge Haliburton. This book commences June 7,
1740, when Mascarene writes : " I am not sure
tJ'at this title of commander-in-chief over this
Province will be of any advantage to my income,"
&c. Sept. 29, 1740, he writes: " We have a
report that Lt.-Col. Cosby is Lt.-Gov. of the
Province." — Aug. 4, 1741, he says, the Governor
" writes to me, indeed, in a very civil manner,
as att the head of the council," &c " The
agent is pretty much on the same strain, but more
open in his telling me of the little hope there is
for the Lt.-Col. and I to obtain the post of Lt.-
Gov. of this Province." Nov. 23, 1741 : " I go
on, however, hitherto in the duty of my office of
President and Commander-in-chief over the Pro-
vince."
Lt.-Col. Cosby's death on the 27th Dec., 1742,
is thus noticed : — " The death of Governour
Cosby has brought a considerable change in our
affairs, as it has putt the Civil and Military Power
without any farther controversy into my hands."
We may assume, then, that in the disturbed
state of affairs ensuing after the suicide of Lt.-
Gov. Armstrong on the 8th Dec. 1739, Cosby as
commanding officer, and Mascarene as President
of the Council, both claimed the rank, and the
dispute was never formally settled, but terminated
only at Cosby's decease. Mascarene then acted
until 1750, when he resigned.
W. H. WHITMOBE.
Boston, U. S. A.
ADIEU (3rd S. ii. 326.) — G. L. has not explained
how, according to his theory, we are to account
for the precise equivalent of A Dieu in A Dio
(Italian), and A Dios (Spanish). Moreover, is
not exere uyeiav the Romaic equivalent for the
Italian addio f
In old French and English the phrase " ask
leave " or " take leave to go " is given in its full
form, and it is but a modern barbarism which
has dropped the significant last words, and put in
the absurd " my."
In French, donner conge, or congedier, is still
the equivalent for dismiss, give him leave to go.
So in English workshops^to "give a man leave"
signifies to turn him off.
It is worthy of notice that in another phrase
we are losing the " leave." " I beg " or " take
leave to go" has become " I take leave." " I
beg" or " take leave to say," is fast becoming " I
beg to say."
MARINER'S COMPASS QUERIES (2nd S. xii. 480.)
Referring to the above, I am now able myself to
supply the information which I requested re-
specting Buterfield, a mathematical instrument
maker, of Paris. I find that he " was a German
mechanician, and engineer to Louis XIV.; he
died in 1724. He invented the sun-dial compass,
which has retained his name."
It was apropos to the date of one of these sun-
dial compasses that my Query appeared. I quote
the authority for the present Note on Butertield :
Biographie Portative Universelle^ J. J. Durochet
et Cie. Paris, 1844. SIGMA-TAU.
Cape Town, S.A.
CHURCHES DEDICATED TO THE HOLY GHOST
(3ra S. ii. 45.) — I cannot give any instances of
churches in England so dedicated, but the fol-
lowing list of continental churches (for which I
am indebted to Didron's Christian Iconography),
may interest your correspondent : —
" In Italy. — At Florence, the church and cloister of
Santo Spirito. At Rome, the church and hospital of
' Santo-Spirito-in-Sassia.' At Arezzo, an oratory of the
Holy Ghost. At Palermo, ' The church of Santo Spirito,
famous in the history of the ' Sicilian Vespers.'
" In Germany.— At Cobourg, a church.
" In France. Department de la Somme, a chapel in the
parish of Rue, called ' S. Esprit.' In the same depart-
ment, an abbey called ' Paraclet-des-Champs.' At No-
gent-sur-Seine, in the diocese of Troyes, ' the Abbey of
the Paraclete,' founded by Abelard, of which Heloise
was Abbess. At Dijon, the church of the Holy Ghost,
founded 1204."
Abbeys of the Holy Ghost existed at Beziers
and Luxembourg ; abbeys of the ' Sainte Co-
lombe* existed in the diocese of Limoges, in the
territories of Ardres, near Vienne, near Sens, and
in the diocese of Chartres.
" Thus " (says M. Didron), " the Third Person of the
Holy Trinity, under His twofold appellation of the Holy
Ghost and Paraclete, and also under that of 'Santa
Columba,' possessed considerable establishments; and
churches and chapels, cloisters and monasteries, were
NOTES AND QUERIES.
. II. N..\. -
dedicated to Him. It will be sufficient to have men-
tioned the preceding facts, without noticing similar de-
dications either in England or Spain."
M. Didron also alludes to the first Basilicas
placed generally upon eminences, and called " Do-
nms Columbae," dwellings of the dove,* that is, of
the Holy Ghost, as some think ; but he suggests
that the name may possibly have been given,
because " doves and wood-pigeons there found
shelter, rather than from any reference to the
Holy Ghost."
Bingham, however, thinks that " the house of
the dove is the same as the house of Christ, who
is pointed out by the dove, as Tertullian words
it, " Christum columba demonstrare solita est ; "
or else, as Mede (Disc, of Chur. p. 329) explains
it, we may take it for the house of the dove-like
religion." — Bingham, Book viii. ; Chap. I. Sect. 2.
UUTTE.
Cape-Town, S.A.
SICILIAN ORDER (3rd S. ii. 9.) — Surely this is
the " Order of the Two Sicilies," founded by
Joseph Napoleon in 1808, remodelled by Fer-
dinand IV. in 1815, and replaced by the " Order
of St. George of the Re-union in 1819."
SIGMA-TAU.
Cape-Town, S.A.
BEBANGEB'S DUBLIN RUINS (3rd S. ii. 86, 213.)
If ABUBA has not got the information he wants,
as stated in " N. & Q.," -and still wishes for it,
the writer (who saw his query only a few days ago),
may be able to give him some : Mr. Beranger
was a native of Holland, and died in Dublin in
the year 1817. B. D.
BLACK.ADDER FAMILY (3rd S. ii. 210.) — Being
able to afford SIGMA THETA some information
he desires, I have enclosed my card to the Editor
of "N. & Q.," and will be happy if SIGMA
THETA will communicate with me. BETA.
LACEBT PARISH REGISTERS (3rd S. ii. 322.) —
In the curious entries of institutions to the rec-
tory of Laceby, during the lunacy of Sir Bethel
Wray, Bart., the word vacone— meaning vacatione
when written at length — has been correctly copied,
but there are several mistakes in other words ; of
which the most important is, Guardianal. I pre-
sume for Guardianorum. In the first entry, the
word " comisso," and in the third " commissus," I
imagine should read " commissi," agreeing with
"Lunatici." In the presentation of Steph'us
Boynton, read : " Armig'os, veros vacatione Guar-
dianorum, &c., patronos." In the next read :
" Joh'is " and " Lincolniensem." In that of " Gat-
ford," read " Guardianorum" again ; and (in the
first line of p. 323) read, " eo a d'no Rege com-
* Tertul. contra Valentin, c. 3. : " Nostraa Columbae
domus simplex. Amat figuram Spiritds Sancti, orientem
Christi figuram."
missi," answering to " ijs a d'no Rege commissi,"
under Boynton. For " patronus," read " pair
num ;" and again, " Lincolniensem." Above, reat
"Joh'is Wowen," and " Dus Ricus Butler."
In the English Lent licenses the disease men-
tioned, and printed " weslinge," is probably met
Huge, the same which we now call measles ; bi
with the plural in en instead of es, altcre.l ir
spelling to ingc. J. G. N.
QUOTATION: DUCIE (3rd S. ii. 47.) —
". Tu ne vois, poursuit-elle, en ce desert immense,
Qae la soif, que la mort, I'espace, le silence."
Ducis, Abufar, Act I. Sc. 2. CEuvres, iv. 14,
Paris, 1826.
The above two lines are quoted as an example
"lacouleur locale" by Boucharlat, Cours de
Litteraliire, Paris, 1826, i. 35. FITZHOPKINS.
Paris.
ENGLISH COINAGE (3rd S. ii. 338.) — Would
MR. HARGBAVE be good enough to give the au-
thority for his statement touching the custom of
which he writes ? I cannot reconcile it with the
facts of the coins. So far as I know, Henry VII
was the first English sovereign represented ir
profile upon our coin. We have, beginning
series with him : —
Profile looking to the Right. — Henry VII. ;
Henry VIII. and Edward VI. (when not full-
faced) ; James I. ; Charles II. (late coins) ; Jame
II. (on Scotch coins) ; William and Mary ; Wil-
liam III., &c.
Profile looking to the Left. — Mary (alone, or
with Philip "billing"); Elizabeth; Charles I.
(with a few exceptions) ; Oliver Cromwell ; Charle
II. (earlier coin) ; James II. ; William and Mar
(on Scotch coins), and William III. ; Anne, &c.
W. C.
HACKNEY (3rd S. ii. 335.) — Hackney is rathe
an adjective than an independent noun. A hack-
ney nag, a hackney wench, and a hackney coacl
are three amongst many old phrases in which the
word hackney signifies " for hire," or rather " for
common use." The original sense, whence come
the derived meanings of hack and hackney, is that
of reiteration, repetition. Thus, you hack and
hew at a tree. FalstaffAacfod his sword. Henc
the meaning of getting common ; " these knight
will hack" " prove my love a hackney" Thes
hackneyed truths, known to all who read the hack
neyed road of modern philology, I might illus
trate by scores ol hackneyed quotations. Possiblj
the strange notion of hackney coaches taking
their name from the village of Hackney niigb'
arise from some confusion of the hackney coae
with the fiacre, which I suppose is named fron
St. Fiacre. W. C.
FARTHELL (3rd S. ii. 274.) — Farthelling means
binding up anything or things close together.
3'd S. I!. Nov. 8, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
379
It had somewhat the same meaning as the nautical
term " furling," and was probably a seafaring ex-
pression, and thus made use of by the Gravesend
men, who made a substantive of it — " farthell,"
i. e. pack. I think S. C. is correct in his idea
that it meant the passengers' luggage, or at least
as much as one would be likely to carry in his
hand, hodie, carpet bag !
Fardel was a land measure. Two fardels were
said to equal one nook, and four nooks one yard
land. JOHN BOWEN ROWLANDS.
SNIP-SNAP-SNORUM (3rd S. ii. 331.) — In the
directions given for playing this game, no pro-
vision seems made for the fourth card of the
suit. When I used as a child to play this game,
the formula ran thus : Snip-snap-snorum-bache-
loruin ; and as well as I can remember, we played
the game differently, more like Pope Joan, the
first player having the privilege of laying down
the card wanted, if none of the others held it.
The first card was Snip, the second Snap, the
third Snorum, and the fourth Bachelorum. The
meaning of this term I do not know. E. S. W.
I have known this game for upwards of twenty
years, and have seen it played in various counties,
and always after one fashion, which entirely dif-
fered from that given^ in the editorial note. In-
stead of three similar cards of the pack (as three
knaves) being played, and coining to a stop at
the " Snorum," five cards were played in a se-
quence, with the addition of " High cockolorum "
and "Jingo." Thus: the leader would consult
his hand, and if he found that he had an ace — a
card which could not be called for — or the card
next in sequence to the turn-up card, he would
play it — the first policy of the game being to get
rid of the cards that could not be called for. But,
in the absence of such cards, he would consult
his hand for the chances of a sequence limited to
five cards. Thus, suppose he has the 5 and 7 of
spades, — he leads off the 5 and says " Snip ; "
and, when another player has thrown down the 6
and cried " Snap," he plays his 7, saying " Sno-
rum ; " leaving two other players to play the 8
and 9 for the " High Cockolorum " and " Jingo."
This would leave the 10 of diamonds for a " Stop,"
which the holder should get rid of at the first
opportunity. A few cards are also dealt out as
stops, together with the turn-up card, in order to
increase the risks of the game, as the player who
holds the major portion of an apparent sequence
may then be stopped in full career. There is a
" pool," of which the first player out takes the
largest proportionate share. Tricks are paid for,
and losers are fined. Such is the game of " Snip-
snap-snorum-High Cockolorum-Jingo," as I have
known it. CUTHBERT BEDE.
MB. THOMAS LAW HODGES (3rd S. ii. 211.)— In
reply to the inquiries respecting works published
by this gentleman, it may be stated that MESSES.
C. H. &"THOMPSON COOPER will find in the fifth
volume of the Proceedings of the Royal Agricultural
Society of England, p. 55 1, a letter from Mr. Hodges
to Earl Spencer on the merits of temporary kilns
for burning draining-pipes ; and also in the
Journal of the Society, for August, 1848, a second
letter on the same subject addressed to the late
Mr. Pusey, who adds a note expressing his opinion
of the great value of Mr. Hodges' invention.
J. F. H.
Queen's College, Belfast.
JOHN DUER OF ANTIGCA (3rd S. ii. 319.) —
Better late than never ! I am very much obliged
to MR. WALTER RYE for his response to my long
desolate Query in 1st S. xi. I was previously
in possession of the inscription in Fulhain church-
yard (in which, by-the-bye, " N. & Q." has very
pardonably printed Fryefor Trye). The extract
from Burn's Fleet Marriages is welcome to me,
and I thank MR. RYE for it. From evidence
which I hold, I recognise the John Duer there
mentioned as the John Duer of the Fulham
epitaph ; my interest, however, is not in John
Duer per se, but in relation to John Duer Dun-
combe, who was also of the island of Antigua,
merchant, and whose will, dated London, 27 Dec.
1750, was proved in the Prerogative Court of
Canterbury (Bushby 8) 9 Jan. 1751, by Slingsby
Bethell, alderman of London, power being re-
served to the testator's widow, Ann, the co-
executrix. Many circumstances with which the
columns of " N. & Q." cannot be incumbered,
tell me that there was a family connection be-
tween these two. Can any reader assist me to
a conclusion much wanted ?
Mr. Duer is not stated in the epitaph to have
been of Antigua ; but John Trye, who, I believe
to have been his brother-in-law (brother of his
second wife) is described in it as of that island,
where Mr. Duer had an estate of 3000Z. or 4000J.
per an., on which he resided some years. He was
an intimate friend of Cole, the Buckinghamshire
antiquary. He had by his first wife a -son who was
educated at Clare Hall, Cambridge, and was after-
wards in the King's service in Scotland. By his
wife he had a son Roland, who was an Eton
scholar. According to Cole, Mr. Duer " was a
free-thinker, and used to say that the church of
England, when it quarrelled with the Romanists
talked as a Presbyterian ; when with the Dis-
senters, like a Papist." J- K.
NAVAL UNIFORM (3rd S. ii. 314.)— The earliest
patterns of uniforms for the officers of the royal
navy (1748) are preserved in the Museum of the
Royal United Service Institution, Whitehall
Yard. S.D.S.
PRIVATE BAPTISMS (2nd S. vi. 110, 159.)--
There is a statute on this subject (Edmundus,
380
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. Nov. 8, '62.
A.D. 1236, 26 Henry III.) to be found in Gibson,
tit. xviii. caput it folio 435, in edit. 1713, which
I do not find mentioned in any of the replies to
this query. It is as follows : —
" Si vero puer domi propter nece»8italem faerit bap-
tizatus, Aqua ilia, propter reverentiam Baptiami, vel
fnndatur in igne vel ad Kcclesiam in Baptiaterium fun-
denda deferatur, ct Vat itlud comlinatur, vel ad usuin
Ecclctia deputetur."
UOTTE.
Cnpctown, S. A.
Mi&tttt&neaut.
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OTR SECOND SERIES. Subscriber! requiring any back yumlicrs. Parti,
or Volume* of ow Second Series, are requested to make early apjilica-
tiou for the scene,
DOXICFLLA ict'8 excuse our repeating the answer which we gave lately
to A CONSTANT READER ; funnily, that, while " N. ft Q." is intended to
ansist literary anil reading men in lArir researches, it if equally intended
to assist the general public in obtaining solutions tti those, tnquirirs which
siigr/est themselves to all classes of Readers, whether tltoseitiquirifs refer
to allusiO'.f, quotation*, forgotten anecdotes, obscure phrases, ur an// other
of those man/i queries, luhirh the careful perusal of any book worth
reading necessarily gives rise to,
THEODORE. " Speech given to man to conceal his thoughts," u attri-
buted to Tn'lfifrand, teas rai'l by Goldsmith in one of his Kssays, tun! has
been tnid l>u many other*. Sef" N. ft <J." 1st 8. i. 83i ii. 318; vi. 575
"A Mud World, my Masters! " i* the title of one of Jfiddleton's come-
dies, reprinted in Dodsley't Old Plays (Collier's ed.), v. p. 283.
COMPTE'S POSITIVK PHILOSOPHY. We are lorry that our valued Corre-
spondent should have sent us another copy of this article, as ire fear, from
its great length, we shall no' be able to find room for it,
H. P. C. The eniitma " On the. Letter B." vas not m-itten by Lord
I'.uron, but bg Mitt Catherine Fanshaice. See '• N. ft Q." 1st S. v.' 5S«.
T. P. P. Ttie article was received, and with it the " carte," for which
\oe are much obliged. We utere wmvitling to open our pages to tchat we
feared would prove a very angiy controvert*.
E. F. WiLLot'OHBY. There is much on the subject of the " Bee Super-
stition," to which our Correspondent refers, in our 1st Scries.
A. K. M. .Vo reply was ever received ta tta Qnsry about MacGil-
livray, a Greek Chief, which, appeared in " N. * Q." Znd 8. iii. 14!>
R-plits respiting the Kirkham family, in, our toft 8. iv. 160; U. 143.
PISIIEY THOMPSON, Es«. A long >
•i The Lincolnshire Guardian and News of
account ft" '/>/» oentle-
R. I NOUS. The dialogue* in Carr's Craven Dialect are not in
dramatic form.
ERRATA. The last verse of " An Old Friend in a
p. 348, should read at follow* : —
" So either let Vhototupe, or Photojram,
or l.ncrtype till up the space.
From whic!« vr«. remove PhotoprajiA in a gram-
matical kind of disgrace."
"Norms AND QUERIES " u published ttt *nm tm Friday, and i* o.__
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EDITOR should bcaddrctted.
IMPORTING TEA -without colour on the leaf
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Homimnn's Tea is uncoloured, therefore, always good alike. Soil in
•
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ESSRS. PUTTICK & SIMPSON beg respect-
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M
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other fine Books.
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S. II. Nov. 8, '62.]
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I. The Way to be happy. XL Sin* of the Tongue.
II. The Woman taken in XII. Ymith and Age.
Adultery. XIII. fhri-t our Rert.
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NOTES AND QUERIES.
381
LONDON, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 15, 1862.
CONTENTS. — NO. 46.
NOTES : — Oldys on Milton, 381 — Entries relating to
Clergymen in the Parish Register of Dagenham, County
Essex, 382— Poem by the Earl of Bristol, 883 — Judge
Page, Ib.
MiifOE NOTES : — John Alasco — Mermaiden with Two
Tails— Dr. Johnson — Harvest Home — If not — Queen
Elizabeth's Weakness, 383.
QTJE RIES : — Stone Seats in Church Towers, 384 — Cheston
of Mildenhall, Suffolk, and Gloucester, and Bristol —
Emancipated Slaves" — " Green-yard," " Green-coat,"
" Green-cloth " — Hampole's Works — Ludovic Houston—
The Jewel House — Lee : Haggas — Samuel Otway, 1669 —
Paver's Abstracts of Yorkshire Wills— Bells at Pisa —
Punch and Judy — Is it a Reliquary ? — Salt — Dr. Samuel
Smith — "Tour to the Caves — The Intellectual Capa-
city of Twins — West v. Wright, and Romney v. Beechey
— St. Willebrod : Frisic Literature, 385.
QUERIES WITH ANSWERS : —Knight of the Carpet — Wil-
liam, Lord Downes — Dr. John Hall, Bishop of Bristol —
Clement Augustus, Elector of Cologne — The "Silver"
Wedding-Day—Sublime— Chiffonier, 388.
EEPLIES: —Fairfax Family, 390 — Charade, Ib. — Temple
Family, 391 — Arms of Canterbury and Armagh, Ib. —
Oxfordshire Feast : County Feasts, 392 — Drayton's " En-
dymion and Phoebe, 394 — Medicine — Jonathan Gould-
smith, M.D. — Legendary Sculpture — Drewsteignton
Cromlech — Wyndham, Somerset, &c. — Arthur Rose :
William Smyth— Cats: Insurance — Holy Fire — Letter
of James VI. to Queen Elizabeth — The Letter from Dr.
Andrew Tripe — Dudley of Russells Hall — Foreign Citi-
zenship of the Scots — "Journey overland to Barnes" —
Anagrams — Experimentum crucis, &c., 394.
Notes on Books, &c.
OLDYS ON MILTON. ,
Oldys, in his notes on John Milton (" N. & Q."
2nd S. xi. 203), makes the following remark:
" Remember my dates of all Milton's Works at
the end of his Life byE. Philips." This identical
volume is now before us ; and for the perusal of
it we are indebted to the kindness of our valued
correspondent, DE. UIMBADLT, who obtained the
loan of it from a friend. It is possible that some
other annotated books by William Oldys, dispersed
by Thomas Davies at his sale in April 12, 1762,
may still be found in private libraries. If any of
these literary relics should be discovered, we shall
esteem it a special favour in being permitted the
use of them for " N. & Q."
The volume before us is a small 12mo, con-
sisting of the following biographical pieces : 1.
A Relation of the Poysoning of Sir Thomas Over-
bury, 1651. 2. The Life of Dr. Thomas Fuller,
1661. 3. The Life of John Milton, 1694. 4.
Addison's Notes on Paradise Lost, 1719; and
5. Memoirs of the Life of Elias Ashmole, Esq.,
1717. On the fly-leaf are the autographs of two
eminent bibliopolists, namely, Isaac Reed and
Thomas Jolley, F.S.A., with the book-plate of the
latter.
The only two Lives annotated by our literary
antiquary are those of Milton and Fuller. The
notes on the anonymous Life of the latter face-
tious historian have been used by Oldys in his
article contributed to the Biographia Britannica^
Lond. 1747-66, fol., 7 vols. On the back of the
title-page is the following MS. note : " This Life
[i. e. Thomas Fuller's] finished for the Biographia
Britannica in June, 1750 ; printed 25 June by
Rich. Reily. W. O." The following curious
jottings in Edward Philips's Life of Milton, edit.
1694, may be turned to account by the future
biographers of this eminent poet : —
Page v. RavenscrofCs Psalms."] Oldys adds, " la Dr.
Wm. Slater's Psalmes of David, engraved in Four Lan-
guages, 12mo. 1643, we see the llth Psalm set by J.
Milton."
Page viii." At Cambridge lie was under the tuition of
a very eminent learned man, whose name I cannot call to
mind.] It was William Chappel), afterwards Bishop of
Ross.
Page ix. He thought fit to leave the university, not
upon any disgust or discontent for want of preferment.]
But so he does suggest in his own words. See his Ready
and Easy Way to Establish a Free Commonwealth, 4to.
1659.
Page xxvi. Making his usual visit [at Blackborough's]
his wife was ready in another roam, and on a sudd e n
was surprised to see one whom he thought to have never
seen more.] His wife returns after four years' separa-
tion, and when the garrison of Oxford was surrenderedi
that is, in 1646.
Page xxxi. Ei»tn»^curn}f, or Image-Breaker.] This
Iconodastes, after the King's return, was called in by
proclamation, dated 13th August, 1660. [See the Pro-
clamation for suppressing Milton's books in George Chal-
mers's Supplemental Apology, p. 7. ]
Page xxxiv. His adversaries imputed his blindness
as a judgment upon him for his answering the King's
book [£;*«» Baff-iAwen], whereas it is most certainly known,
that his sight had been decaying for above a dozen years
before, and the sight of one for a long time clearly lost.]
He lost the sight of one eye in the beginning of 1651,
and the other in 1654.
Page xxxiv. His papers for a new Thesaurus Lingua
Latino; were made use of for another Dictionary.] The
Cambridge Dictionary, 4to. 1693 [i. e. Lingua Roman*
Dictionarium Luculentum novum. A New Dictionary of
Five Alphabets, etc. Camb. 1693, 4to. See " N. & Q."
2nd S. iv. 183.]
Page xxxviii. Milton removed to a house in the
Artillery Walk, leading to Bunhill Fields.] I have.been
showed the house by Captain Saunders.
Page xxxix. Some passages in his History of Britain
which, being thought too sharp against the clergy, could
not pass the hands of the licenser, were in the hands of
the late Earl of Anglesey while he lived, where at present
is uncertain.] Published under the title of his Character
of the Long Parliament, etc. 4to. 1681.
Page xl. Milton's Treatise of True Religion, Heresy,
Schism, and Toleration, was doubtless the last thing of
his writing that was published before his death.] 1673.
382
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. Nov. 15, '62.
But A Declaration of the Election of John King of Poland,
1C74, 4to, seems to be the last.
Page xl. Milton died in the year 1673, towards the
latter end of the summer.] A. Wood says he died the
9th or 10th of November, 1674. Toland says he died
1674, aged sixty-six. So I think, therefore, born 1608,
not two years sooner.
In the list of Milton's Works Philips has omitted
the dates, which are supplied by Oldys, with the
following additional articles : —
Character of the Long Parliament, and of the Assembly
of Divines in 1611, 4 to, 1681. This was a digression in
his History of Britain, near the beginning of the Third
Book, but not suffered to be published in it, through
tenderness to the clergy.
The Rights of the People over Tyrants. 4to.
His Body of Divinity. MS.
Latin Thesaurus. MS.
He published Sir Walter Ralegh's Prince: or his
Maxims and Aphorisms of State.
Also, Sir Walter Ralegh's Cabinet Council. Svo.
An Argument or Debate in Law of the Great Question
concerning the Militia, &c. 4to, 1642. J. Nickolls's Cat.
ENTRIES RELATING TO CLERGYMEN IN THE
PARISH REGISTER OF DAGENIIAM, CO. ESSEX.
The Dngenham Register begins in 1598, and
has been generally pretty well kept. Like most
of the registers hereabouts, it is defective in part,
and some important entries are wanting.
I think the following will be found to include
all strictly clerical entries, from the earliest date
of the register until about 1800.
Dagenham adjoins the parishes of Barking,
Romf'ord and Hornchurcb, extracts from the re-
gisters of which have been already printed in
" N. & Q. : " ante, pp. 161 and 245.
Baptisms.
1619. James, sonne of John Bell, Clerk, baptized 17 Ocr.
1620. Thomas sonne of Thomas Manninge, Vicar, bant.
yc 12 Ocf.
1623. Samuell, sonne of Thomas Manninge, Vicar, bapt.
y« 3 August.
1628. John, sonne of do. do. bapt.
>•• 3 of August.
1629. Joseph sonne of do. do. bapt.
3" 3 Sept'.
1630. Beniamin, sonne of do. do. bapt.
y« 21 of Xovr.
1631. Robert, sonne of do. do. bapt.
y» 2 Nov.
1649. Cornelia, daughter of John Bowyer, minister, bapt.
May 20.
1652. Anna, the daughter of Jonathan Lloyd, waa bapt.
the 5 Dec'.
Marriages.
1618. Gowyn Diar, clarke, and Margaret Haygood,
maryed 28 Decr.
1619. Thomas Manninge, Vicar of Dagenha, & Marye
Worsleye, widdow, married y° 26 Novr.
1627. William Least, Clerk, single, & Ann Manninge,
Daughter ofTho' Manninge of Dagenham, Clerk,
single, 30 of July.
1631. Thomas Petchye & Francis Manninge, both single,
marr' y« 22 of Octr.
1704. Edward Osborne & Mary Lamplugh, both of this
Parish, were marrred Febr y« 10.
Burials.
1618-9. Joane, y* weife of Thomas Manninge, Vicar,
Buryed y» 26th Jan*.
1626-7. Mar3-e, weife of Thomas Manninge. Vicar, — a
wooman beeloved of all, and much lamented, was
Buryed ye 3 of Febrnarve.
1631. Alice, wife of Thomas Manning, Vicar, Buried \»
9 of Decr.
1637. Elizabeth, wife of Thomas Manninge, Vicar, Burved
y« 20 of July.
. Mr Thomas Manninge, Vicar, Burved y« 28 Sepf.
The Vicar Dyed.
[Thos. Manning, A.M. succeeded Job. Berriman as
Vicar of Dagenham'in Nov. 1617.]
1637-8. Mr Thorn: Fountain, Curate, buried Jan* 17.
1647. Ewe, the son of Mr John fcowyer, Feb: 7.
. Noah, son of Mr John Bowyer, minister, Nov: 24.
1650. Mr. John Bowyer, minister of Dagenham, was
buried by the Communion table, Octr 15.
1652. Anne, the wife of Jonathan Lloyd, minister of
Dagenham, was buried Dec' 5.
[A mural monument in the church, to "the Happy
Memory of Jonathan Lloyd, Mr of Arts and faithfnll
Pastor of Dagenham," states that he died Nov. 18, 1654.
No entry of his burial, however, appears in the register.
Newcourt mentions neither Bowyer nor Lloyd. 3
1663. Mr fredrick Tillney, minister of dadginhara [»ic]i
buried Aug. 1.
1674. Isaac Smythies died at Stisted, & buried May
30. — Minester of this place tenn years & a half.
Aged too & fifty.
1704. M™ Elizabeth Lamplugh, wife to the Vicar, buried
Sept. 14.
1704-5. Mr William Lamplugh, Vicr 23 years, buried
Janr 21.
1735. The Rev5 Dr Wright of Spittlefields, buried Ang«
y« 23.
[Thos. Wright, D.D. Rector of Spitalfield.«, died Aug.
15, aged only forty-four. His connection with Dagen-
ham arose from his marriage with Hester, 4th daughter
of Henry Merttins, Esq. of Valence, in this parish.]
1735. The Revd Mr Wm Butler, Vicar, bur: Octob* 3 • 12,
1743. Edward Butler, Son to the late Vicar (from Lon-
don), buried June y* 29.
1762. M™ Wright, from Hackney, buried in y« Vault,
April 17.
[ Wife of Dr. W. above.]
1797. Memorandum. Nov. 26, 1797, died the Reverend
Abraham Blackbourne, fifty-eight years Vicar of
this Parish, aged eighty-two, — was buried at
Richmond on Wednesday, Decr 6.
[Married Frances, daughter of Thos. Fanshawe, Esq. of
Parsloes in this parish.]
1811. The Revd Tempest Slinger, Vicar of Dagenham,
aged 73, buried May 27.
[The Rev. John Fanshawe, of Parsloes, Vicar of Frod-
sham, Cheshire, died Out. 27, 1843, aged seventy, and
was buried here Nov. 3. His brother and heir, the Rev.
Thos. Lewis Fanshawe, for forty-one years the esteemed
Vicar of Dagenham, died March 5, 1858, aged sixty-six,
and was buried here March 17 following.
3«* S. II. Nov. 15, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
383
In the extracts from Romford (3rd S. ii. 1G2), I have
omitted the following entry, which is not without special
interest: —
" Buried. 1697. July 20. Edwd Whiston, Clerk, of this
Ward. — Romford."
Does this refer to Edward Whiston, stated to have
been ejected from Little Laver, co. Essex, in 1662? And
was Zechariah Fitch, buried at Romford in 1687, the
ejected minister of Shelley, co. Essex?
Mr. Win. Blackmore, of Hare St., buried at Romford in
the year 1684, was, according to Calamy, the ejected
minis'ter of S. Peter's, Cornhill, London.
The same authority also states that Mr. Thomas Hor-
rocks, ejected (vide Calamy) from Hal don in 1662, kept
a school for the sons of gentlemen at Romford before
taking the living of Alaldon. I find three entries on the
Eoinford Register of this gentleman : —
« 1642. Sept. 19. John Horrocks, son of Mr Thomas
Horrocks, bapt.
1644. Dec. 10. Sara Horrox, d. of Mr Thomas H., bapt.
1C42. Dec. 6. John Horrocks, son of Mr Thomas, buried."
Mr. Richard Taylor, buried at Barking in 1697 (3rd S.
ii. 345), was also, according to Calamy, one of the ejected
clergy. It seems that he held some preferment at Holt,
in Denbighshire, when he was "silenced" in 1662, and
that he removed thence to London, and at length became
pastor of a congregation at Barking. I can add to this
that he married the daughter of a man of wealth and
high family ; that he had, as appears by the Register,
several children ; and that he lies buried in the chancel
of Barking Church, under a gravestone inscribed with his
name and armorial bearings.]
EDWABD J. SAGE.
Stoke Newington.
POEM BY THE EARL OF BRISTOL.
^George Digby, second Earl of Bristol, whose genius,
talents, and eloquence, have commanded both the respect
and contempt of mankind, is included by Horace VVal-
pole among our noble authors. The Earl not only trans-
lated from the French into English the first three books
of the popular romance Cassandra, but was also the
author of a comedy, called Elvira, or the Worst not al-
ways True. Lond. 1667, 4to. This piece occasioned his
introduction into Sir John Suckling's Session of Poets.
The following lines by this nobleman from one of Dr.
Rawlinson's manuscripts (Poet. 147) afford a better spe-
cimen of his poetical abilities than the song printed by
Mr. Ellis. The Earl died on the 20th of March, 1676-7,
in the sixty-fifth year of his age.]
" Fair Archabella, to thy eyes,
That flame just blushes in the skies,
Each noble heart doth sacrifice.
" Yet be not cruel, since you may,
"When ere you please, to save or slay,
Or, with a frown, benight the day.
" I do not wish that you should rest
In any unknown high-way breast,
The lodging of each common guest,
" But I present a bleeding heart,
Wounded by love, not prickt by art,
That never knew a former smart.
" Be pleas'd to smile, and then I live;
But if a frown, a death you. give,
For which it were a sin to grieve.
" Yet, if it be decreed I fall,
Grant but one boon, one boon is all : —
That you would me your martyr call."
JUDGE PAGE.
We are indebted to you and to your cor-
respondents for information about this " hang-
ing judge," immortalised by Pope ; but none
of you, nor the Pope commentators, give us
a hint as to Pope's motives and feelings. It has
indeed been said, as if in explanation, that Page
was the judge who tried Savage, and that he
pressed hard for a conviction ; but Savage was
tried in 1727, and Pope's Satire was not published
till 1742. It is possible, of course, that Page's
death, in October 1741, may have recalled him to
Pope's memory. I would however ask, whether
there were not some later circumstance which had
made Page obnoxious to the whole Tory party ?
Page, we are told, obtained his legal preferment!
by writing political pamphlets — Whig pamphlets
of course ; and it is not improbable, that he may
have given some political manifestation, even in
his old age. Mr. Carruthers tells us (Pope's
Works, ii. 313), that he thus commenced one of
his charges to the grand jury of Middlesex : "I
dare venture to affirm, gentlemen, on my own
knowledge, that England never was so happy,
both at home and abroad, as it now is." Mr. Car-
ruthers has here fallen into a trap set by the
satirists. He quotes from a pamphlet, entitled
The Charge of J P to the Grand Jury
of M or, o?i Saturday, May 22, 1736, London,
printed in the year 1738. It is not possible to
look at the title-page, with its initials only, and
without bookseller's name, and not suspect that
it is a satire ; and not possible to read the work
without being certain of it. Can you or your
correspondents say, whether Page did deliver a
charge to the grand jury in May, 1736, ridi-
culous perhaps for its extravagant loyalty, and
which made Page especially obnoxious to the
Tories ? J. P. W.
Minat
JOHN AI-ASCO. — Of this eminent divine, who
plays a conspicuous part in the history of the Re-
formation, much may be learnt from the indexes
to Strype, and to the Parker Series, from the
references in the Biographic Generale, and in
Grasse's Allgemeine Literiirgeschichte, iii. (1), 42,
note 66, and from a biography by Petrus Bartels,
which was published at Elberfeld in 1860, as one
of the series of Leben und ausgewahlte Schriften
der Voter und Begriinder der reformirtcn Kirche.
See also Gerdes, Serin. Antiq., ii. 672, iv. 446-449,
vi. 645 ; Pestalozzi's Leben Eullingers, 638, 640,
384
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. Nov. 15, '6?.
bis ; Prynne's Canterburie's Doome, 395 ; II. Me-
der's Openlijhe kerkleer der evangelisch-gerefor-
meerde gemeente in Emden en Oostfriesland, i. 15t
seq.; Ypeij and Dermout's Geschiedenis derNeder-
landsche Henormde Kerk (Breda, 1819), i. 155,
483 seq., 470, 523 seq., of the text, and pp. 13, 32,
54, 197 seq., 200 seq., 243 of the notes.
JOIIN E. B. MAYOR.
St. John's College, Cambridge.
MKEM AIDEN WITH Two TAILS. — In Claud.
Ptolemy's Geography, Basle edition of 1540, on
plate 19, is represented a double-tailed mer maiden,
disporting in the sea. I have always understood
that one tail is the regular allowance conceded by
legendary authority. The present instance may
be a freak of exuberant fancy on the part of the
artist (unknown) ; and thus thinking, I note the
singularity. SIGMA-TAU.
Cape Town, S.A.
DB. JOHNSON. — I enclose a cutting from The
Midland Counties Herald (Oct. 23), relative to
the family of Dr. S. Johnson which may be
worthy of preservation in your pages : —
" The readers of Boswell's Life of Johnson, and of the
numerous other memoirs of the great lexicographer, will
feel pleasure in being informed that Mr. John Hannett,
of Henley-in-Arden, who has in the press a topogra-
phical account of that town and vicinity, has recently
discovered in the register of Packwood church, in this
county, the entry of the marriage of the Doctor's parents.
The following is a verbatim copy ; — ' Michell Johnsones
of Lichfield and Sara Ford married June ye 19th, 1706.'"
W. I. S. HORTON.
HARVEST HOME. — I cut from The Guardian of
Sept. 10, the following, which I abridge from a
much longer notice. May I claim a place in
" N. & Q." for it, especially for its couplets ; as
in 1962 its family and folk lore may be interesting
to the antiquaries of a future century : —
" Archdeacon Denison, a few years back, inaugurated
an annual Harvest-home in his parish, which has now
become a kind of institution in the neighbourhood. The
festival for 1862 came off on Thursday last.
" The proceedings were commenced with a procession
to the church, where service was performed. The spa-
cious edifice was completely filled.
" At the finish of the discourse an appropriate harvest
hymn was sung, commencing :
' Come, ye thankful people, come;
Raise the song of harvest-home ! '
" The service over, the company proceeded to the spa-
cious tent where the dinner was laid. The tent was de-
corated with evergreens and flowers, and banners with
varied mottoes appeared in every direction, which had
reference not only to the occasion itself, but included
aspirations for high and low, rich and poor. Amongst
them was one which we have often quoted before :
• May God pour His benison
On Archdeacon Denison.'
Another claiming notice was a new one on two scrolls :
' God speed Catherine Reed,
And her squire, Captain Fryer.1
This one we understood referred to a local hymeneal
event shortly anticipated in the parish, in which the con-
tracting parties are the daughter and heiress of the lord
of the manor, George Reed, Esq., and Captain Fryer.
" There were between 500 and 600 guests. The Ven.
Archdeacon Denison occupied the chair, and Mr. G. Reed
the vice-chair. Among those present were Sir Stephen
Glynne, Sir Arthur Elton, Sir Henry Hoare, Colonel
Luttrell, &c."
Do.
IF KOT. — I have, in various places, met with
with such an idiom as the following : — "His per-
formance was respectable if not masterly." Some-
times it can be gathered that if IB a synonyme of
perhaps even ; sometimes it seems that if is used
in the sense of though. Attention should be called
to the ambiguity. A. DE MORGAN.
QUEEN ELIZABETH'S WEAKNESS. — In looking
over the Nugee Antiques of Sir J. Harington,
now scarce, 2 vols. 1769, I find in p. 134, the
following curious passage, which affords us an
insight into one of the failings of Queen Eliza-
beth, as told us by one who knew her well : —
" Yet I will adventure to give her Magtstiefire hundred
pounds in money and some pretty jewel or garment, as you
shall advyse, onlie praying her Majettie to further my
suite with some of her lernede counsel, which I pray you to
find some proper tyme to move in ; this some bold as a
dangerous adventure, but five and twentie manors do
well warrant my trying it."
The occasion on which this letter was written
by Sir J. Harington was, when a lawsuit was
pending to recover some lands that had been
forfeited by Sir James Harington for espousing
the cause of Richard III., and of which a rever-
sion had been granted to his family by Henry VIII.
Miss Harington was, I believe, a maid of honour
to the Queen, and was therefore in a position to
know her Majesty's fancies, and the " proper
tyme to move in." CHESSBOROCGH.
Harberton.
STONE SEATS IN CHURCH TOWERS.
The tower of Barnack church is attributed to
the Saxon period. In lowering the floor of the
interior of the tower a recess, having a stone seat,
was found in the west wall. In 1861, the mem-
bers of the Archaeological Institute of Great
Britain and Ireland assembled at Peterborough,
and in one of their excursions Barnack church
was visited. The Rev. Canon Argles, the rector,
seized the opportunity of directing the attention
of the company to the discovery that had been
recently made ; and an interesting discussion en-
sued between Professor Earle, Mr. J. H. Parker,
Lord Alcoyne Compton, and Canon Argles, re-
specting the original use of this seat. It was
suggested that it may have been occupied by
3rd S. II. Nov. 15, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
385
those who presided at the councils held in
churches, or by the judge who presided at the
ordeals that took place there. No similar example
of a seat in the interior of the tower was alluded
to by the speakers ; and the peculiarity here was,
therefore, supposed to be unique in our own day.
The other day I examined Catton church, and there
observed a pointed recess, having a stone recess
in the wall, at the west end of the nave. This
church is Early English, and the west wall is
crowned by a bell turret. Some of the readers
of " N. & Q." may know of other seats in similar
positions ; and by recording them in these pages,
may lead to a ventilation of their uses by those
learned in ecclesiology. We are informed by the
Rev. Henry Soames, in his Anglo-Saxon Church,
its History, Revenues, and General Character, that,
among the uses to which Anglo-Saxon churches
were applied, was the trial by ordeal, and which
had been inherited from Pagan times. An ac-
cused party, for three days previous to the trial,
lived on bread, salt, water, and herbs, regularly
attending mass and making his offering each day.
On the day of his trial he received the eucharist,
and declared his innocence upon oath. Frie was
then carried to the church. This being done, the
priest and the accused went into the church to-
gether, but no one was to be there besides. Space
was then measured for carrying the hot iron, ex-
actly nine times the length of the accused party's
foot. Notice was given to the friends without,
that the required heat had been reached, and two
of them were to enter — one for the accuser, the
other for the accused — to ascertain this. Their
report being satisfactory, twelve were to enter on
either side, and to range themselves opposite
each other along the church. No further heating
was allowed. Holy water was sprinkled upon the
whole party : they then kissed the Gospels and the
cross, and a service was read. At the last collect,
the iron was removed from the fire, and laid upon
a ^supporter of the nine measured feet. From
this the accused removed it, his hand being pre-
viously sprinkled with holy water. He was only
required to carry it along three of the nine feet ;
on reaching the last of which, he threw it down,
and hastened to the altar : there his hand was
bound and sealed up. On the third day the
bandage was opened, but not before. Other
ordeals required an accused person to walk un-
hurt over red-hot ploughshares ; or to sink im-
mediately when cast, bound by a rope, into water.
The red-hot iron ordeals were most in favour.
The first prohibition of ordeal mentioned by Sir
H. Spelman in England, is from a letter from
Henry III. to his justices itinerant in the north,
in the third year of his reign; but eight years
afterwards, he granted the religious of Sempring-
ham, Lincolnshire, who had a hall at Stamford,
power to administer it. When the trial by ordeal
was suppressed by Act of Parliament is not
known. That the law was not repealed so early
as the third year of the reign of Henry III., as
has been asserted, is certain. STAMFORDIENSIS.
CHESTON OF MILDENHALL, SUFFOLK, AND GLOU-
CESTER, AND BRISTOL. —
"Tuesday last [i.e. Sept. 8, 1772], at S. Stephen's
church, Bristol, was married, Mr. Bensley, of the Theatre
Royal in Covent Garden, to Miss Cheston, of Queen
Square in the same city." — Public Advertiser, Sept. 15,
1772.
The inscription on a mural tablet in Stanmore
church, commemorative of " Robert Bensley, late
of this parish, Esq., who died 12th November,
1817, aged 75," has appended to it " also Francina-
Augustina, widow of the above, the only daughter
of Daniel Cheston, Esq., late of Gloucester, who
died August 9th, 1825, aged 74 years," &c.
The subscriber wishes to be able to connect the
above Daniel Cheston with the pedigree of Ches-
ton of Mildenhall, co. Suffolk, in Harl. MS., 1169,
fo. 15, and which Davy has copied into his Suffolk
There was a Richard Brown Cheston, M.D., of
Gloucester, who died in 1815, aged 77, of whom
Davy (Suff. MSS.~) says, that " he was descended
from the Chestons of Mildenhall," and who, to-
gether with his son Joseph-Bonner Cheston, is in-
serted at the foot of the same pedigree, a pencil
mark alone showing an unascertained connection
with the ancient stock. How were the said Daniel
and Richard-Brown Cheston connected ? Is the
family extant still ? Any genealogical information
will be acceptable to THOS. BENSLEY.
Trevandrum, South India.
EMANCIPATED SLAVES. — Will any of your
readers, having a knowledge of the management
of sugar and coffee plantations in our colonies,
please to inform me, whether those plantations
are cultivated and managed as well and as pro-
fitably, since the abolition of slavery, as pre-
viously ? If not, is any amount formed or ascer-
tained of the loss occasioned by the emancipation
of the slaves in our colonies^? And where can I
obtain information on the subject? Are the
emancipated slaves paid wages for their services ?
If not, how and in -what manner are they com-
pensated for their daily labours in the plantations?
Are those slaves educated ? And do the 'planters
publish statistics of the education of them ?
FHA. MEWBURN.
Larchfield, Darlington.
" GREEN - YARD," " GREEN -COAT," "GREEN-
CLOTH." — Now I also am a querist as to some
things touching " vert " if not vension. Unde
derivatur " Green-yard " ? — that urban pound whi-
ther the police convey strayed animals and vehicles
of which the drivers are inebriated. " Green-
coat " and " Green-cloth " affect things theatrical.
386
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"« S. II. Nov. 15, '62.
When was the theatrical footman, who sweeps and
•waters the stnge between the acts, first called a
"Green-coat"? At Drury Lane he wears a
scarlet livery, and at Her Majesty's I have seen
him appear, to the immense amusement of the au-
dience, in a "super's" habit, ns a Crusader or a
Roman soldier ; but in the parlance of behind the
scenes he is always a "Green-coat." The "Green-
cloth " is the large sheet of green baize or drugget
laid down on the stage when tragedies are [or
were] performed. I have bracketed the past
sense, because I go so seldom to theatres as not
to be aware whether the " green-cloth " custom is
dying out or not ; but it was in full force at the
Royal Princess's Theatre, in 1845-6, when Mr.
Macready was performing his round of Shak-
sperian characters. Has the " green-cloth " any
reference to the rushes with which the stage in the
Elizabethan theatres was strewn ? My theory as
to a drugget being laid down is this : that, up to
the period of Betterton, and even Wilkes, the so-
vereign, the royal family, and the chief nobility
were in the habit of bestowing their cast-off coro-
nation and birth-day suits on the players ; that
the patent theatres were very rich in wardrobes
so acquired, and that a drugget was provided to
prevent the actor) spoiling their fine clothes when
they died ; for in the good old days of legitimacy
at least half the dramatis persona were on their
backs before the curtain fell. Numerous readers
of " N. & Q." would, I doubt it not, be glad of
enlightenment on these points, likewise as to the
meaning of " Green-room"; for the old theatrical
regime is fast passing away, and Mr. Boucicault
threatens us with a radical reform in the construc-
tion of theatres, and the paraphernalia of the stage.
G. A. S.
HAMPOLE'S WORKS. — Ritson (Bibliog. Poet.,
p. 37), and after him Mr. Price (in Warton's His-
tory of English Poetry), speaks of a copy of
Ham pole's Works left to the " Friars- Minors at
York," and which afterwards came into the pos-
session of Dr. Monro. I should be glad to know
where the MS. or MSS. are now ? Perhaps some
of your correspondents could help ine in this mat-
ter ? * M. R.
LUDOVIC HOUSTON, a merchant in Edinburgh
in 1736. Any account of him will greatly oblige
2. 0.
THE JEWEL HOUSE. — Thomas Pepys, a kins-
man and namesake of the diarist, is noted under
the date of May, 1 665, as Master of the Jewel
House temp. Car. II. and Jac. II. Bayley, how-
ever, tells us (History of the Tower, part i. 196,)
that Sir Gilbert Talbot was appointed to that
[* There is a MS. of the fourteenth century of Richard
de Hampole's Prick of Conscience in Sir Thomas Phil-
lipps's collection at Middle Hill. See Haenel, Cataloyl
Lib. Manuscriptorum, 1830, p. 888.— ED.]
office at the Restoration, anno 1660 ; and we know
that he held it in 1G73, when Blood made his
hazardous — even if prepardoned — attempt on the
crown. The Diary had been discontinued before
that notable exploit ; and its noble editor did not
enlarge its chronology, beyond the death-dates of
the personages whom it mentioned. Was Sir
Gilbert dismissed by the Merry Monarch from
the charge which his old servant had so officiously
defended ? Did his mastership extend into the
succeeding reign ? How long, inter the pious
James's accession and abdication, was it retained ?
I should like to see a list of the Masters of the
Jewel House. Bayley records only four, in the
reigns of Edward III., Henry V. an'l "\rlll. Hey-
lin and Kennett have set down certain of its
occupants under William III., Anne, and the first
George ; but I have not their histories at hand.
Of the last three Keepers of the Jewel House I
can speak with some precision. Their appoint-
ments, in 1736, 1768, and 1813, covering ex ordine
126 years : the latest of these having retired in
1852, and still surviving to avouch himself, as
Shylock reckoned of the patriarch Jacob : —
" The third possessor, — aye — he was — the third."
Let us hope, that his gallant successor in this
important trust, will count as many years in the
Macrobian series ! * E. L. S.
LEE : HAGGAS. — John Lee, Curate of Irby-in-
the-Marsh, Lincolnshire, in 1541 ; and Thomas
Haggas, Curate of the same parish, about 1545.
Information regarding the above individuals, es-
pecially as to what families they belonged, and
the places of their birth, would greatly oblige
WM. WIXCKLET, Jun., F.S.A.
Aighton House, Harrow, Middlesex.
SAMUEL OTWAT, 1669. — Can any reader of
"N. & Q." give me information concerning this
name P I have in my library a Latin MS. by him :
a finished theological treatise of much ability and
acuteness, with autograph dated 1669, corre-
sponding with the handwriting of the MS. I am
desirous to know if he was in any way related to
the great dramatist, Thomas Otway. I may give
the headings of the opening and closing chapters
of my MS. : —
[* We are inclined to think that Lord Braybrooke's
authority for stating that Thomas Pepys, of Hatch am
Barnes, Surrey, was Master of tho Jewel" Office, is Man-
ning and Bray's Surrey (i. 255), which needs further
confirmation. The cousin of our diarist, from the little
that is known of him, appears to have been a banker,
and probably a jeweller. He married Ursula, daughter
of Bryan Stapyltnn, Ksq. His only daughter, Olivia,
married Edward Smith of Edmundthorpe, co. Leicester,
Knt. There was also a Jewel Office at Whitehall, for
Pepya (Diary, 4th Jan. 1GGO-1,V informs us, that, "he
had been early this morning at Whitehall, at the Jewel
Office, to choose a piece of gilt plate for my Lord, in re-
turn of his offering to the King." — ED.]
3^ S. II. Nov. 15, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
387
" Cap. I. De Origine Sacrae Scripturse.
" Cap. ir. De Auctoritate Scripturse.
" Cap. in. De Librorum Canonicorum.
" Cap. XLII. De Materia et; Forma Justificationis.
" Cap. XLIII. De Certitudine, Inmiutabilitate et ..'Equa-
litate Justitise.
" Cap. XL.IV. De Libertate Christiana."
The caligraphy is very neat, and the SIS. in
excellent preservation r.
PAVER'S ABSTRACTS OF YORKSHIRE WILLS. —
MR. JOHN GOUGH NICHOLS'S inquiries (p. 341) re-
specting Wills already in print, remind me of a
quarto pamphlet, of which I possess a copy, and
which bears the following title : —
" Original Genealogical Abstracts of the Wills of Indi-
viduals of Noble and Ancient Families now or formerly
resident in the County of York, with Notes Genealogical
and Elucidatory. Bv William Paver. Part I. 1830.T)
(Printed by J. I. Brushy, at Sheffield, 4to, pp. 32.)
I beg to inquire whether any more than these
thirty-two pages were ever printed ? Their con-
tents are, I presume, superseded by the volumes
of the Surtees Society.
"The Will of King Henry VIII., from an
authentic copy in the hands of an attorney [Mr.
Francis Searle]," was printed in 1794, 4to. This
was printed uniformly with the Royal and Noble
Wills, by way of Supplement. (Nichols's Literary
Anecdotes, ix. 151.) N. H. S.
BELLS AT PISA. — On the top of the famous
campanile at Pisa, better known by the name of
"The hanging tower," are five bells; on one of
these is the following inscription, in Lombardic
capital letters, which has been^ forwarded by a
friend : —
" Lotteringus Pepisis me fecit Corad Hospitularius
Solvit A.D. M.C.C.LX.II."
There are some running ornaments, rosettes,
&c., about the bell, and " Ave Maria, G. P.,"
between two angels — followed by some other in-
scription my friend could not make out. If this
date 1262 is correct, this must be the oldest bell
in the world, unless there are any Russian bells
to contest the palm of antiquity. Can any reader
of " N. & Q." assist us further ? A. A.
Poets' Corner.
PUNCH AND JUDY. — Where may be bought a
little chap book containing the patter of the Peri-
patetic Punch ? I have two only of an imperfect
COP7- C. P. I.
Is IT A RELIQTJABY ?— Peakirk church, North-
amptonshire, is dedicated to St. Pega. In the
east wall, northward of the five-light window, in
the churchyard, about seven feet from the ground,
is a recess in the form of a quatrefoil. On the
margin of the upper and lower foils are three
circular holes, and near each of the two foils is a
similar hole, all evidently made for the purpose of
receiving stancheons. This peculiarity is unique,
as far as my acquaintance with mediceval churches
extends, and I have examined all in one county.
To what purpose could this recess be devoted ?
Some reader of " N. & Q." may have seen a
similar peculiarity. I- would suggest that it was
a reliquary, the contents of which were exhibited
to congregations or processions in the churchyard.
Near this church is a chapel of the Early
Decorated period, now occupied by a farmer.
Tradition says this was the site of the cell or mo-
nastery, built and occupied by St. Pega, sister of
St. Guthlac, of Crowland, five miles distant.
STAMFORDIEXSIS.
SALT.— What proof is there of the "fact" (of
the Encyclopaedias) that when some criminals
formerly, in Holland, were deprived of the use
of salt, they perished miserably, infested with
worms ? Multitudes of savages in different parts
of the world do not use salt with their food,
which would indicate that its use is not impera-
tively necessary, as is commonly held. Dr. Living-
stone found ' When I procured a meal of flesh
[after a long use of vegetable diet,] though boiled
in perfectly fresh rain-water, it tasted as pleasantly
saltish as if slightly impregnated with that condi-
ment."— Travels in South Africa in 1857, p. 27.
Mr. Galton says, " The Damaras never take
any salt . . . We never found it a necessary or
life."— P. 182. " The game in the Swadop do
not frequent the salt licks as they do in America."
And he adds : " I am informed that certain New-
Zealand tribes not only eat without salt, but
actually look upon it with distaste and aversion."
—P. 183.
Admiral F. Von Wrangell mentions that the
natives about the Kolyma River, Siberia, " never
use salt, and even dislike it." — Expedition to the
Polar Sea in 1840, pp.76, 377.
Mr. J. G. Kohl observes, " The Ojibbeways
have a perfect aversion for salt," and that even
European traders among them came to employ
" sugar instead of it" (p. 319), though a decoc-
tion of wood-ashes used to take off the insipidity
of the maize cakes, "is a sort of use of salt." —
Kitchi-Gami, 8vo, 1860, p. 322.
Mr. Catlin says : " None of these tribes or
Indians (on the Upper Missouri) use salt in any
way, though their country abounds in salt-springs
. . . and incrustations of salt. . . . The Indians
cook [boil] their meat more than we do." (Vol. i.
p. 124.) He says, however, that Indians along
the frontier who use vegetable food, take salt
(vol. i. p. 125); but this may be from imitation
of the whites. Mr. Catlin also says : —
" During the ravages of the cholera ... I was in these
regions, and I learned from what I saw and heard ....
that it carried death among the tribes on the borders in
many case?, as far as they had adopted the civilized
modes of life, with its dissipations, using vegetable food
and salt ; but wherever it came to tribes living exclu-
388
NOTES AND QUERIES.
II. Nov. 15, '62.
sirely on meat, and that without the use of salt, its pro-
gress was suddenly stopped." — Letters and Nntet on the
N. American Indium, vol. ii. p. 258. 2 vols. 1841.
J. P.
DR. SAMUEL SMITH. — Of what family of the
Smiths was Dr. Samuel Smith, headmaster of 8.
Peter's College, Westminster, from 1764 to 1788,
(i. e. between Doctors Hinchcliffe and Vincent),
and fat her to Dr. Samuel Smith, Dean of Christ
Church, Oxon, 1824-31 ? Was he not of a French
Protestant family, who were originally called
Favre or Lefevre ? H. M. W.
" TOUR TO THE CAVES." — I have before me an
octavo pamphlet (100 pages), entitled A Tour to
the Caves, in the Environs of Ingleborough and
Settle, Sfc., "in a letter to a friend." It is " the
second edition, with large additions ;" and is pub-
lished at London by " Richardson & Urquhart,
under the Royal Exchange ; J. Robson, New
Bond Street ; and W. Pennington, Kendal." The
date is 1781. The friend to whom it is addressed,
is "Thomas Pearson, Esq., of Burton, in Kendal,
Westmoreland." And the writer signs " J. H."
Who was J. H. ? PBESTONIENSIS.
THE INTELLECTUAL CAPACITY or TWINS. — In
the October number of the Edinburgh Medical
Journal, Dr. Simpson is reported to have made
the following statement : " He (Dr. S.) was not
aware of a single instance where a twin had dis-
tinguished himself intellectually." My own ex-
perience has not led me to believe that the intel-
ligence of twins is below the average ; but perhaps
some of your correspondents may be able to supply
me with a categorical contradiction of the learned
Professor's observation ? M. D.
WEST v. WRIGHT, AND ROMNET ». BEECHET. —
In the interest of truth allow me to inquire
throu»h your " medium," on what authority the
whole-length portrait of Sir Joshua Banks, in the
International Exhibition, is named as a produc-
tion of Joseph Wright of Derby f The portrait
was engraved in mezzotint by J. R. Smith, in
1788, and appears by the inscription on the plate
to be a work of BENJAMIN WEST. It would be
treason to doubt the integrity of such inscription,
published in the lifetime of both the subject of the
picture and its painter, and at a period when each
may be considered as in the zenith of his popu-
larity. I should not have proposed this query
but for the marked expression of The Examiner
of last week, and its indorsing as authentic the
palpable error set forth in the Official Catalogue.
1 should like to inquire, also, the wherefore of
the suppression of the name of George Romney in
connection with the portrait of Archdeacon Paley,
in the National Portrait Gallery, there ascribed to
Sir^ William Beechey. The descendants of an
artist and the neighbours of his birth-place, have
a property in his fame, and that property is wor-
thy to be preserved against overt misappropria-
tion : but apart therefrom, the national art-treasures
should be unimpeachable as authorities on every
point associated with their individual character
and collective value. From a mere passing glance,
on a miserably dark day, and its elevation beyond
the reach of scrutiny, on my only visit to that
most valuable embryo institution, I am not pre-
pared to aver that the Paley portrait exhibited is
absolutely by the hand of Romney; but if other-
wise, and really by that of Sir W., then I must
ask, why, as in the case of Jackson's copy of Sir
Joshua Reynolds's " Dr. John Hunter," it is not
declared to have been copied from Romney's
three-quarter's length figure (witli fishing-rod), of
which a fine mezzotint, by John Jones, was pub-
lished in 1792 ? An engraving by Engleheart,
from the head, appeared in Meadley's Memoirs of
Paley, 8vo, 1810, ascribing the original to Sir Wil-
liam Beechey, which was and is aside from the
fact. Can any of your readers say, whether the
picture is extant as engraved by Jones ?
JOHN BUHTOX.
Preston.
ST. WILLEBROD: FRISIC LITERATURE. — Will
your correspondent, JOHN H. VAN LENNEP, tell
me whether there linger in the neighbourhood of
Utrecht any traditions and legends of interest
touching St.Willebrod and his companions ? When
last year I was near Zeyst, I wished much that I
could ask your correspondent that question by'
word of mouth.
Would he also have the goodness to mention
the names of any good introduction to Frisic P I
want also to purchase a cheap dictionary of that
language. Perhaps he can help me in the matter.
W. C.
KNIGHT OF THE CARPET. — In Baker's Nor-
thamptonshire, i. 307, pedigree of Lord Winchel-
sea and Nottingham's family, a Sir Thomas Finch,
living 1553, is styled " Knight of the Carpet."
Can any one explain ?
[The carpet knight is a term characteristically applied
to those who obtained their honours " with unlocked
rapier and on carpet consideration " (Shakspeare, Twtlflh
Night, Act III., Sc. 4), amidst the holiday gifts of their
sovereign, rather than bravely acquired in the field of
battle, or boasting a prescriptive claim by proving vic-
torious at a tournament. Greene uses the term in "The
Dowufal of Robert Earl of Huntingdon," 1601 : —
. . . . " Soldiers, come away :
This carpet knight sits carping at our scars."
Of their insignificance and futile employments innumer-
able passages may be adduced from early writers, with
whom it was current as a term of great contempt. The
character is minutely delineated in the following lines
from " A Happy Husband, or Directions for a Maid to
I
3>-d S. II. Nov. 15, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
389
chuse her Mate, together with a Wives behaviour after
mariage," by Patrick Hannay, Gent. 1622 : —
"A carpet knight, who makes it his chiefe care^
To trick him neatly up, and doth not spare
(Though sparing) precious time for to devoure
Consulting with his glasse, a tedious houre
Soone flees, spent so, while each irregular haire
His Barbor rectifies, and to seeme rare,
His heat-lost lockes, to thicken closely curies,
And curiously doth set his misplac'd purles ;
Powders, perfumes, are then profusely spent,
To rectify his native nasty scent :
The forenoone's task perfortn'd, his way he takes,
And chamber practis'd craving curtsies makes
To each he meets ; with cringes and screw'd faces,
(Which his too partial glasse approv'd for graces:)
Then dines, and after courts some courtly Dame,
Or idle busie-bout misspending game ;
Then suppes, then sleepes, then rises for to spend
Next day as that before, as 'twere the end
For which he came ; so womaniz'd turn'd Dame,
As place 'mongst Ovid's changlings he might claime;
What? doe not such discover their wcake ininde
(Unapt for active vertue) is inclin'd
To superficiall things, and can imbrace
But outward habits for internall grace? "
For other notices of carpet knights, consult Nares's
Glossary ; Brydges's British Bibliographer, ii. 86 ; Ma-
lone's Shakspeare by Boswell, xi. 458; and Dodsley's
Old Plays, edit. 1825, iii. 273.]
WILLIAM, LORD DOWNES. — Will you kindly
refer me to any sources of information respecting
this distinguished lawyer, who for nearly twenty
years was Lord Chief Justice of the Court of
Ring's Bench in Ireland ? Has any biographical
memoir appeared ? He resigned his judicial post
in 1822, when he was created an Irish peer, by
the title of Baron Downes, of Aghanville, in the
King's County, with remainder, in default of male
issue, to his cousin Sir Ulysses Burgh; andrf. s.p.
March 3, 1826.
Since I sent a similar Query respecting the late
Dr. Perceval (3rd S. ii. 330), I have received a
very interesting and unpublished memoir of (as
the late Dr. Cheyne so justly styled him) " the
honoured head of the medical profession" in Ire-
land. ABHBA.
[Biographical notices of Lord Downes may be found in
the Gentleman's Magazine for March, 1826, p. 270; The
Annual Register, Chronicle, 1826, p. 230 ; and The Dublin
Evening Post of March 4, 1826. See Burke's Peerage for
hia family history.]
DR. JOHN HALL, BISHOP OF BRISTOL. — I shall
be obliged to any of your correspondents who can
furnish me with any account of Dr. John Hall,
who was Bishop of Bristol in- 1691, and was also
Master of Pembroke College, Oxford. A descrip-
tion of his armorial bearings is required by me;
and whether or not he was connected in any way
with the family of Bishop Joseph Hall of Exeter,
1627. N. S. HEINCKEN.
[The arms of John Hall, Bishop of Bristol, as given by
Bedford, in his Blazon of Episcopacy, are sable, crusilly
argent, three talbots' heads erased of the second, langued
gules. Tire authority is his monument at Bromsgrove.
Barrett/however, in his History ,->f Bristol, 1789, p. 333,
has given the following: " Arg. on a chevron engrailed,
inter three lions' heads erased, sable, an etoile or." Those
of Joseph Hall, Bishop of Exeter, on the authority of
Blomefield's Norfolk, are sable, three talbots' beads erased
argent, langued gules. John Hall was born at Broms-
grove, co. Worcester, of which parish his father was vicar,
and in 1647 became a scholar of Pembroke College, Ox-
ford, under the tuition of his uncle Edmund Hall. He
was elected Master of Pembroke College 31st Dec. 1664,
and Margaret Professor of Theology. He was conse-
crated Bishop of Bristol on the 30th August, 1691 ; and
died 4th Feb. 1709-10, at Pembroke College, setat. seventy-
seven. He was buried at Bromsgrove, where there is a
long Latin epitaph to his memory, composed by William
Adams, M.A., Rector of Staunton-upon-Wye, co. Here-
ford, and printed in Willis's Cathedrals, ii. 782. Consult
also Wood's Athena by Bliss, iv. 900 ; and Barrett's Bris-
tol, p. 333.]
CLEMENT AUGUSTUS, ELECTOR OF COLOGNE. —
Clement Augustus of Bavaria, Elector and Arch-
bishop of Cologne ; Prince Bishop of Munster,
Paderborn, Hildesheim, and Osnabriick, and
Grand Master of the Teutonic Order, was born
in 1700, made Elector and Archbishop, in 1723,
and elected Grand Master of the Teutonic Order in
1732. What is the date of his death, and who
succeeded him in his electorate, and especially, in
his grandmastership ? JOHN WOODWARD.
[Clement Augustus, Elector of Cologne, died on the
4th or 6th of February, 1761 ; succeeded in Electorate
by Maximilian Frederic, son of Albert, Count of Koenig-
segg-Rottenfels, 6th April, 1761; succeeded in Grand-
Mastership by Charles Alexander of Lorrain, brother of
the Emperor Francis I., 4th May, 1761. — L'Art de v6
rifier les Dates, xvi. 498, and xv. 241.] •
THE " SILVER" WEDDING-DAT. — I am told
that this applies to the twenty-fifth anniversary of
a marriage, and that on this day it is customary
to present the married pair with some silver token
of its occurrence. Unfortunately, in my own case,
it passed by unnoticed some years ago ; but I send
you a note of this pretty bit of folk lore, in the
hope that it may benefit others, and also with the
view of ascertaining whether the custom is ob-
served elsewhere. M. D.
[The custom prevails in some parts of Northern Europe,
where the festival of the twenty-fifth anniversary is
called the silver wedding, and that of the "fiftieth the
golden wedding. The " Siller marriage " of Aberdeen-
shire is altogether a different thing from the " Silver
wedding " now under discussion, being the same as the
" Pennie-brydal " or " Penny- wedding," which is a wed-
ding where the guests contribute money.]
SUBLIME. — I have read and heard more sug-
gestions as to the possible or probable derivation of
this word than of any that I can think of, but
none has as yet appeared at all satisfactory, or
even plausible. E. F. WILLOUGHBT.
[The origin of the word is involved in obscurity. The
Latin sublimis has been derived from sublimen, the upper
lintel of a door. But this derivation is not quite satis-
factory ; and there is some difiiculty as to the origin of
390
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. Nov. 15, '0?.
rublimen itself, as well as a measure of uncertainty as to
the true meaning of the word.]
CHIFFONIER. — This word in French signifies a
" rag-picker." How came it to be the designa-
tion of an article of drawing-room furniture?
E. F. WlLLOUGHBT.
[The confusion commences in the French language,
which derives the won), in both meanings, from Chiffon,
a rag, any old bit of linen or cloth.
Chiffonnier, Chiffoniere, a man or woman that collect*
rags.
Chiffonnier, an article of furniture, properly with drawers,
where ladies keep their odds aitd endt. Some learned
Frenchmen think this latter word ought to have the
feminine form, Chiffonniere, which is indeed the more
usual of the two.]
FAIRFAX FAMILY.
(3ra S. ii. 310.)
Your correspondent CRUX, on the subject of the
Fairfax family of Deeping Gate, may derive some
assistance from the following notice of the family
of the same name long situated in Norfolk :
Thomas and John Fairfax were lords of the
manor of La Veyles in the twelfth year of James I.
Henry Fairfax, D.D., Dean of Norwich, was
the son of Charles Fairfax of Merton, Yorkshire,
the third son of Thomas, Lord Halifax. He had
this Deanery conferred upon him by William III.
on account of his sufferings in the reign of
James II.
He was buried in the Cathedral, near the north-
east part of the sixth south pier, and a stone laid
over him, but now removed, on which was the
following inscription : —
(Arms, the Deanery imp. Fairfax.)
" Hie deposits sunt Exuviae
Henrici Fairfax, S.T.P.,
Hujus Kcclesiae (nuper) Decani
Obijt decimo die Maij A" Dni. MDCCII."
On a monument of white marble attached to
the sixth pier is the following' inscription : —
" Hie jacet
Ilenricns Fairfax, S.T.P.,
Apud Eboracenses Natus,
Familia Antiqua perinde ac nobili
Fairfax illius Xasebiani Nepos,
Si species res gestas, Magni, si Consilium Pij,
. Acadetniam Oxoniensem,
Cui hie pepercit, benignus Hostis,
Propugnavit ille Fantor acerrirnus,
Maluit nempe Magdalenensis Soeius,
A Collegio decedere, quam Fide,
Ab ol >s tin a 'a Religionis Defensione,
Ilium nee Minaa Regis dimoverunt, nee illecebrse,
Frangi non potnit, flecti noluit,
Judices enim iniquissimos,
Quibus non obsequi alijs in Gloriam cessit,
Ipse ausus est, et Lacessere,
Terreng Magis, quam metuens,'
Tandem,
In hnjns Ecclesira Decanatum assnmptus,
Pcriculi quod ultro subierat,
Merceilem invitus tulit,
Ubi facundid pariter simplex et moribus,
Prudens aeque ac Liberal!*,
Severus juxta ac Benevolus,
Qua Yirtute Universam defendit Ecclesiam,
Ornavit suam.
Obiit die vicesimo Maij Anno Dom. MDCCII.
ylitatis suae LXV11I.
Thomas Fairfax llajres ac Nepo*.
Hoc Monumentum gratus, Mecrensq; posuit."
Arms, Fairfax, erg. three bars gemels gul.;
over all, a lion rampant sa.
Crest, a lion passant gardant sa.
About the year 1700, a marriage was contracted
with the ancient and highly respected clerical
family of Franklin, who to the present period have
used Fairfax as a Christian name.
Further particulars of this family may be found
in Blomfield's History of Norfolk, vol. iii. p. 626,
and in Thoresby's Hist, of Leeds, p. 610.
II. D'AVEMET.
CHARADE.
(3rd S. ii. 218, 259.)
The difficulty in finding a satisfactory solution
to Praed's charade of Sir Hilary, calls to mind
a similar difficulty in regard to Dr. Byrom's
rebus, which has been the rounds of literary
papers time out of mind, and has never, up to
the present period, found an answer ; but is now
thought to have no answer, and was only meant
by the Doctor for a doubtful joke to perplex and
mystify his readers. Whether Mr. Praed in-
tended perpetrating the same joke, I know not ;
but the solutions of his other enigmas are so
obvious and transparent, that some colour is
given to this conjecture. Your correspondent
U. O. N. has, I think, given the best solution to
the charade ; 'Jiis adieu is clearly better than
Praed's good night; and one cannot imagine he
intended his readers to take this for the answer.
The answer either has not yet been hit on, or
else, like Dr. Byrom's, it has no answer. 'Apro-
pos to Byrom, he was the author of a System
of Shorthand, which, I believe, still retains its
popularity. His Miscellaneous Poems, facetious
and religious, were published by Nichols of Leeds
in 1814, 2 vols. with his portrait. He wrote
doggrel verse with extreme facility : witness his
" Three Black Crows," " The Bean and Bed-
lamite," &c. Besides these he wns the author of
the pastoral published in the eighth vol. of the
Spectator, beginning —
" My time, O ye Muses, was happily spent,
When Phoebe went with me wherever I went."
The Phoebe was Dr. Bentley's (Pope's Aris-
tarchus) youngest daughter, to whom Byrom was
3'd S. II. Nov. 15, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
391
paying his addresses. These verses were happily
parodied by Anstey in his Bath Guide : —
" My time, my dear mother, was wretchedly spent,
With a gripe or a hiccup wherever I went."
X\* VY •
TEMPLE FAMILY.
(2nd S. xii. 359.)
In the article cited, * says that Sir William
Temple of Shcne was of a distinct family from
that to which Viscount Palmerston belonged, and
also inquires about Sir John Temple of New
York. As I published an account of the latter
family, partly from original documents, may I
offer what seems to be the connection between
these families ? Commencing with Peter Temple
of Stow and Burton Dasset, second son, who d.
1577, he is said to have had sons, John and An-
thony. Anthony was grandfather of Sir John
Temple, Master of the Rolls, who had issue Sir
"William, Bart, (of Triple Alliance fame), Sir John
and Henry. This Sir John m. at Dublin, was
Speaker of the Irish House of Commons, and was
father of Henry, first Viscount Palmerston.
Henry's grandson was the second Viscount, and
his son Henry John is the third and present Vis-
count.
The elder branch begins with John, brother of
Anthony, whose son Sir John Temple of Stowe
was created a baronet, and had thirteen children,
of whom we notice Sir Peter, second Bart., and
Sir John of Biddleson and Stanton Bury. Sir
Peter was succeeded by his son Sir Richard, and
grandson Sir Richard, fourth Bart., which lest
was created Viscount Cobham. He d. without
issue, and the higher title reverted to his sister
Hester, who had m. Richard Grenville, and from
whom is descended the ducal house of Bucking-
ham and Chandos.
The baronetcy reverting to heirs male was in-
herited by Sir William, great grandson of Sir
John of Stanton Bury, son of the first baronet.
This Sir John had four sons, — Peter, Edward,
Purbeck, and Thomas, Governor of Nova Scotia.
Peter had William of Lillingstone Dayrell, who
had William and Peter, fifth and sixth baronets.
This last Peter had an only son, Sir Richard,
seventh baronet, who d. s. />., and the title again
went to a distant branch, Sir Purbeck Temple's
heirs. Sir Purbeck had Thomas, whose eldest
son Robert lived at Ten Hills, Maiden, Massa-
chusetts. Robert's son John was the English
Consul at Boston in the revolutionary times, and
was the eighth baronet. He married a dau. of
Gov. Bowdoin of Mass., and died at New York
in 1798. His son Sir Grenville Temple was
grandfather of the present baronet, the eleventh.
His daughter Elizabeth m. Hon. Thomas Lindall
Winthrop, Lieut.- Governor of Massachusetts, and
was the mother of Hon. Robert C. Wintbrop, who
has been U. S. Senator and Speaker of the U. S.
House of Representatives.
I send a copy of my pamphlet to the Editor* of
" N. & Q.," and shall be happy to send one to
<1>, if he will oblige me with his address.
W. H. WHITMOBE.
Boston, U.S. A.
ARMS OF CANTERBURY AND ARMAGH.
(3rd S. ii. 210.)
In looking over some back numbers of the pre-
sent volume of " N. & Q.," I find a Query con-
cerning the difference in the Archiepiscopal arms
of Canterbury and Armagh. And as no answer
has as yet appeared, will you allow me to offer
the following remarks ?
The title-page of an Illuminated University
Almanack now before me, gives the armorial bear-
ings of the four primatial Sees, and of five of the
Universities, in, as I presume, their proper colours
or tinctures, chromolithographed fcy M. and N.
Hanhart. The arms of Canterbury are not in
accordance with the description given by our
venerable friend Guillim ; but as they stand here,
may be thus described : — Canterbury : Azure,
a staff in pale, thereupon a 'cross patee or, tipped
on its three upper arms and charged in centre
with a pearl argent (not perhaps strictly the lan-
guage of heraldic blason), surmounted of a pall of
the last edged and fringed of the second, charged
with four crosses patees fitche'es sa.
The arms of Armagh on the same title-page
have no staff, but a cross patee fitchee or, in the
chief point. To a casual observer, the two coats
might appear to be precisely similar ; but a closer
examination will discover the foot of the staff
protruding beneath the fringed end of the pall in
the arms of Canterbury. So much for Messrs.
Hanhart's chromolithograph, and I believe the
details to be correct. But I have also before me
a folio plate of the arms of our nobility, which
places an unmistakeable staff in the Armagh coat ;
whereas, in that of Canterbury, the cross patee in
chief seems not to be placed upon a staff at all ;
and what elsewhere is the protruding end of the
staff in base, seems to 'be merely a part or pen-
dant of the pall. On another folio plate of arms,
also before me, there is a large engraving (" Parr,
sculp") of the seal of the Canterbury Prerogative
Court, which represents in the arms the staff with
cross patee or; but the pall is or, edged and
fringed arg. This is doubtless a mistake in the
engraving ; as the pallium, made of the softest
and whitest lambs' wool, must be in heraldic
parlance argent.
[* Which we regiet to say has not yet reached us.— ED.]
392
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3«« S. II. Nov. 15, 'C2.
Between the arms of Dublin and Armagh, as
they are represented by Hanhart, there is another
difference besides that mentioned by your Querist.
In the former coat the cross, patee fitcliee in the
chief, is arg. ; in the latter, it is or. In the first
folio plate above-mentioned, the arms of these two
sees are represented as being precisely similar,
and both have the staff with cross pntee argent.
I am inclined to think that Hanhart's chromolitho-
graph may be depended on as regards the arms
in question. Heraldic engravers, however, fre-
quently commit gross blunders, especially in tinc-
tures. By my side is a premium obtained by a
friend at Trinity College, Dublin ; on each of the
covers is impressed a medallion of the University
arms ; and on the printed label, or certificate,
which usually accompanies these prizes, on the
fly-leaf, there is an engraving of the same arms.
Between the two representations, both official,
there are several heraldic differences worthy of
note. In the anus on the cover, the harp faces
to the dexter side : in the certificate, the harp is
reversed, or facing to the sinister. On the cover,
the large castle has a tower on either flank ; each
tower is surmounted by a flagstaff, springing out
of a conical turret, bearing an ensign to right,
gules, charged with a saltire. In the certificate,
the place of these ensigns, flagstaves, and turrets,
is supplied by flames. On the covers, the book
is gules charged with a saltire ; in the certificate
there is no saltire on the book, but there is an
ornament which might be described as a bordure
per saltire — if there is such a term in heraldry.
Another official authority — namely, the University
seal, appended to the Certificates of Degrees —
presents us with a new variety. In this the harp
faces to right, or dexter side of shield. The
towers are surmounted neither with turrets, flags,
nor flames.
The Dublin University Calendar, also official,
gives us a fourth variety : here the harp faces to
left, or sinister. There 'are no turrets on the
towers, and the ensigns float to the left. On the
book there is an ornament like that in the prse-
mium certificate ; but within the bordure per
saltire is a cross cercelee pierced. A sixth variety
is found in the seal of the University Club, which
has the flagstaves springing out of conical turrets,
with ensigns to right ; but the harp faces to left
of shield. And Hanhart's chromolithograph, re-
ferred to above, provides us with a seventh, in
which the field is argent (an undoubted error) ;
the ensigns, flying to right, are argent, a cross
gules. The harp is facing to left ; and the book
is gu. (without device) clasped, and edged or.
I observe that several of your correspondents
write from the sister Isle. Perhaps they will
take the trouble to inform me, in heraldic phrase-
ology, what are the exact bearings in the arms of
the University of Dublin. I have produced seven
varieties : five of which, at least, seem to have
received official sanction. And of these five, three
bear ensigns on the towers: one fiunes instead of
ensigns, and the fifth neither fl,mien nor ensigns.
Surely this is a matter that should be looked to ;
and for the credit of the University, to which I
have the honour to belong, no such glaring dif-
ferences in the representations of its armorial
bearings should be allowed to continue, as that
between the coat as stamped on the outside, and
as engraved on the inside of every book premium
that issues from the shop of the University book-
sellers. Our excellent friend, Dr. Sir Bernard
Burke, should present to the senate an accurate
drawing of their arms, as the most fitting " ex-
ercise " on his admission to the degree of LL.D.
CHESSQOBOUGU.
Harberton, Totnes.
The ribbon and motto of the Order of St.
Patrick with which the Archbishop of Armagh, aa
prelate of the order, surrounds his arms, suffi-
ciently distinguishes them from those of the See
of Canterbury.
It is curious that Menestrier, the great French
authority on heraldic matters, and one who is
usually most scrupulously accurate, denies that the
figure in the arms of Canterbury is the pall (pal-
lium.) He has apparently been misled by the
staff behind it, which he mistakes for a part of the
pall itself. (See L'Art da Blason jiistlfie, Lyon,
1661, p. 167.) J. WOODWABD.
New Shoreham.
I
OXFORDSHIRE FEAST: COUNTY FEASTS.
(3rd S. ii. 286.)
The Oxfordshire Feast was one of a class
entertainments prevalent during the latter half
the seventeenth century, and for many years after
the commencement of that following, and known
as the "County Feasts."
These feasts were annual assemblages of the
gentry and others, natives of many of the princi-
pal English counties, who were inhabitants of
London. They were carried out by the company
first attending divine service at one of the city
churches (usually that of St. Mary-le-Bow), and
hearing a sermon preached either by a native
or one holding preferment in, the county,
afterwards dining together at the hall of one
the city companies, hired for the occasion.
The earliest meeting of the kind, of which I
have found mention, was one of the men of Wilt-
shire in 1654; the sermon preached at which was
published in the following year, with this title : —
" The First Dish at the Wiltshire Feast, November 9,
1654, or a Sermon Preached at Lawrence Jury to those
that there offered their Peace Offerings, ami went thence
to Dine at Marchant-Taylors' Hall. By Samuel Annei
ley, LL.D. Minister of the Gospel at John Evangelist'
London."
S. IL Nov. 15, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
393
The latest gathering, of which I have'any know-
ledge, was that of the natives of Herefordshire
on February 7t.b, 1727-8, when Dr. Thomas Bisse,
Chancellor of Hereford, so well known in connec-
tion with the establishment of the Meetings of the
Three Choirs of Gloucester, Worcester, and Here-
ford, preached, at St. Michael's Cornhill, — a ser-
mon which he afterwards published under the
title of Society Recommended.
In one instance only have I yet discovered
when the natives of any particular county Jirst
assembled in this festive manner. The men of
Yorkshire met for the first time on December 3rd,
1678; and for the second, on February 17th,
1679-80.
Occasionally more than ordinary pains were
taken to increase the interest in, and add to, the
splendour of the feast. Thus, in March, 1689-90,
we find the Yorkshire meeting announced in the
London Gazette (then the ordinary vehicle for
such intimations), as follows : —
"The Annual Yorkshire Feast will be held. the 27th
instant, at Merchant Taylors' Hall in Threadneedle
Street, where will be a very splendid Entertainment of
all sorts of Vocal and Instrumental Musick. Tickets are
to be had at Man's Coffee- House at Charing Cross, at
Clifford's Inn Coffee-House in Fleet Street, and at Blew-
Coats Coffee-House in Swithin's Alley, near the Koyal
Exchange in Cornhill."
The " very splendid Entertainment of all sorts
of Vocal and Instrumental Musick," promised in
this advertisement was the Ode written by D'Ur-
fey in celebration of the Revolution of 1688, and
the part taken therein by the men of Yorkshire,
and set to music by Henry Purcell, to the ad-
mirers of whose genius it is well known under the
name of " The Yorkshire Feast Song." The per-
formance of this ode, D'Urfey tells us, cost nearly
IQQl. — no inconsiderable sum to be expended on
such an object at that period.
Again : The English Post newspaper of Novem-
ber 21st, 1701, gives us the following account of
the Kentish meeting : —
" Yesterday being the Anniversary Feast of the Natives
of the County of Kent, an excellent "Sermon was preached
before them by Dr. Stanhop at Bow Church ; after which
they went to dine at Merchant Taylors' Hall, the famous
strong Man carrying a large Tree before them, followed
by several others with large boughs as a Memorial of the
Stratagem whereby their Predecessors preserved their
ancient liberties and customs when King William the Con'
queror came to Scoanscomb [Swanscombe], near Graves-
end. There followed Trumpets, Hoyboys, and Kettle
Drums, a handsome appearance of Gentlemen of the
County ; and after Dinner the Strong Man was chosen
one of the Stewards for the year succeeding."
The preacher, Dr. George Stanhope, was then
vicar of Lewisham ; he subsequently held the liv-
ing of St. Nicholas, Deptford, and later became
Dean of Canterbury. The " famous strong Man "
was William Joyce, a native of the county, who,
under the name of " the English Sampson," was
wont to exhibit feats of bodily strength at Bartho-
lomew and other fairs, and was on one occasion at
least called upon to display his powers for the
special delectation of his Majesty King William
III.
The Biographia Dramatica mentions a piece
entitled The Huntingdon Divertisement ; or, an
Ente.rlude for the general Entertainment at the
County Feast held at Merchant Taylors' Hall,
June 20, 1678, the scene of which, it tells us, lies
in Hinchinbrooke grove, fields, and meadows. I
have not had an opportunity of seeing this piece,
but think it probable it is a musical entertain-
ment, cast in a dramatic mould, but nevertheless
intended for performance, not on the stage, but
in an orchestra.
The counties, whose natives held these celebra-
tions, were Dorsetshire, Gloucestershire, Hamp-
shire, Herefordshire, Huntingdonshire, Kent,
Northamptonshire, Oxfordshire, Warwickshire,
Wiltshire, Worcestershire, and Yorkshire. Al-
though Merchant Taylors' Hall appears to have
been the favourite place of meeting, the halls of
the Drapers', Stationers', and Haberdashers' Com-
panies were occasionally resorted to.
It seems probable that these meetings were not
merely of a social character, but were employed
also as a means of raising contributions to be dis-
bursed for charitable purposes. In the second
edition of the Rev. James Clifford's Divine Ser-
vices and Anthems, 1663, the words of an anthem,
set to music by Adrian Batten (Psalm cxxxiii., Old
Version), are given with the heading, "This is to be
Sung at the Charitable Meeting of each County."
Similar meetings were held by the natives of
some localities more circumscribed than the coun-
ties. Thus I find an anniversary meeting of na-
tives of St. Martin-in-the-Fields in 1684 ; one of
the natives of the parish of St. James, Clerken-
well, in 1698 ; and one of the natives of the city
of London in 1704.
The sermons preached at the county feasts ap-
pear to have generally been printed.
At a time when the means of communication
between the metropolis and the county were few,
slow, and uncertain, we may readily conceive with
what interest an annual assembly like the county
feast would be regarded. Not only was there the
pleasant re-union of those long resident in the
great city to talk over the cherished recollections
of old times, and scenes and beings far away ; but
each year would possibly bring some later comer,
whose tidings of the more recent doings in the
much-loved locality would impart a fresh interest
to the meeting. These combined circumstancess
will, I think, account for the vitality of the county
feasts, which, as I have shewn, were certainly
held for more than three quarters of a century.
There exist, I believe, in the metropolis at the
394
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'd S. II. Nov. 15, '62.
present time a Yorkshire Society, a Westmore-
land Society, and a Cumberland Society, and
there may possibly be others. The objects of these
associations are the relief of needy natives of the
counties resident in London, or the support, cloth-
iug, and education of their children. Have these
institutions in any manner sprung from the county
feasts? W. H. HUME.
DRAYTOVS "ENDYMION AND PIICEBE."
(3rJ S. ii. 362.)
I may, perhaps, be allowed to set MR. W.
CAREW HAZLITT right upon one point in his
very useful additions to Lowndes. There is no
copy, perfect or imperfect, of Drayton's Endimion
and Phcebe in the library at Bridgewater House.
It is true that in my Catalogue of rare English
books there, I mention that poem ; but only by
•way of illustration to Drayton's Owle, 1604. It
is true also, that I reprinted Endimion and Phcebe,
with other early pieces by the same author, for
the Roxburghe Club in 1856; not from an im-
perfect copy, but from a perfect one, which I dis-
covered about ten years after I had first noticed
Endimion and Phcebe in the Bridgewater Cata-
logue. My own copy of it unfortunately wants
the title-page ; but that, I am happy to find, is
all : the rest is complete.
When I compiled the Bridgewater Catalogue,
my object was to illustrate the books in Lord
Ellesmere's possession by any others I owned, or
could procure. The separate headings belong to
volumes in that library ; and in the course of my
task I often employed other works in other libra-
ries, whether in print or in manuscript, that would
contribute to my purpose. Even some of the
numerous woodcuts are from independent sources.
Therefore, while speaking of Drayton's Owle, I
introduced a notice of his Endimion and Phoebe,
1594 ; which happened to be on my own shelves,
although I did not think it necessary to parade
myself as the owner of it. I gave it the date of
1594 ; which is not, nor any other figures, upon
the title-page, because I found the poem quoted
with praise by Thomas Lodge in 1595.
I am often much indebted to MR. W. C. HAZ-
LITT for the information he supplies, and I take
this opportunity of asking him where a copy of
Drayton's Harmonie of the Church under the
title of Spiritual Songs, dated 1610, which he men-
tions, is to be found ? I am anxious to make a
note of it in the volume of Drayton I superin-
tended in 1856, and if possible to collate it with
the impression of 1591. As MR. W. C. HAZLITT
states, it is very likely merely the old edition
•with a new title-page.
J. PAYNE COLLIER.
MEDICINE (3rd S. ii. 3G9.)— J. D. inquires, how
it is shown the original source of medicine in-
cluded the whole of physical science, as I havu
stated in m}r Elements of Morality (first edition,
art. 1079.) To this I reply, that it appears from
the words that physic was originally identified with
physics. I may add, that physics, the doctrine of
Nature, was, in its first form, the doctrine of tha
elements, and that this doctrine of the elements,
whether ret-koned as four or three, was made thu
basis of physiology and of medicine, as I have
shown in the History of Chemistry (Hist. Ind. Sc.,
b. xiv.) In the Philosophy of the Inducticn
Sciences (b. vi.), I have borrowed a story front
Hadgi Baba, from which it appears, that amonjj
the Persians the doctrine of the four elements \:>
still the basis of practical medicine.
W. WHBWELL.
JONATHAN GOULDSMITH, M.D. (2nd S. x. 305,
394; xi. 19.) — T. E. S. inquires: "Is anything
known of his parents, John Gouldsmith and Eliza-
beth his wife ?"
Among some extracts from various sources I
have collected, for a family genealogical purpose
is the following, which I submit to him may refer
to the above-named couple. The names and date
agree ; the distance of the locality is certainly no .
conclusive against it : —
" 1690, Oct. 22. John Goldsmith, s. m. of Tasburgh,
and Elizabeth Bensley of Saxlingham, s. w. by license."—
Par. Reg. of Marriages, S. Stephen's, Norwich.
John Bensley, of Saxlingham Thorpe, Norfolk
by his will, proved Jan. 16, 1705, in the Arch-
deaconry Court of Norfolk, bequeaths lands to b<
held, after his wife's death, for the benefit of "raj
four daughters' children," ». P. Elizth* Barnes.
Jane Jerrnan, Mary Hudson, Elizth* Gouldsmith
If this be of use to T. E. S., I shall be glad
though I regret that I have allowed so long i
time to elapse since he made his Query. Bette:
late than never, though. In truth, an Indiai
climate, travelling, and sickness, much indisposi
one to proper attention to " N. & Q."
Tiios. BENSLEY.
Trevandrum, South India.
P.S. Should T. E. S. be still prosecuting hi:
inquiries, and he be able to add any particular:
respecting the above-named, I shall be glad to b(
informed thereof; either through your column?
or to my address as given.
LEGENDARY SCULPTURE (3rd S. ii. 368.) — It ii
evident to me that MR. LOWER, by seeking for {
mediteval source for the subject of this carving
has overlooked and forgotten its classical origin
The story is told by ^li.-in, Pliny, and, I believe
Phylarcus. Here it is, from Phil. Holland's quain
translation of the Naturalis Histories, lib. x. 5 : —
» Sic in my MS.
3rd S. II. Nov. 15, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
395
" A strange and wonderful Accident of an Egle.
' There hapned a marvellous example about the City
of Sestos, of an Egle: for which in those parts there goes
a great name of an Egle, and highly is she honoured
there. A yong maid had brought up a yong Egle by
hand : the Egle again to requite her kindness, would
first, when she was but little, flie abroad a-birding, and
ever bring part of that shee had gotten unto the said
nurse. In processe of time, being grown bigger and
stronger, would set upon wild beasts also in the forrest,
and furnish her young mistresse continually with store
of venison. At length it fortuned that the damosell
died : and when her funeral fire was set a burning, the
Egle flew into the mids of it, and there was consumed
into ashes with the corps of the said virgin. For which
cause, and in memoriall thereof, the inhabitants of Lestos
and the parts there adjoyning, erected in that very place
a stately monument, such as the}' call Heroum, dedicated
in the name of Jupiter and the virgin : for that the Egle
is a bird consecrated unto that God."
The carving, then, may bo taken as an emblem
of friendship, or gratitude, to the last extremity.
The Sackville motto — " Aut nunquam tentes aut
perfice" — is not less applicable to it than many
mottos I have seen applied to mediaeval emblems.
As the chimney-piece, in which the carving is set
under the Sackville arms, is of the seventeenth
century, I would suggest that the emblem refers
to the family motto, as also to the death of Ed-
ward Sackville, fourth Earl of Dorset ; who, loyal
to the last, we are told, " look so much to heart
the murder of Charles I., that he never after
stirred out of his house." W. PINKERTON.
DREWSTEIGNTON CROMLECH (3rd S. ii. 70.) —
The stones forming this cromlech were last week
replaced, as nearly as was possible, in their former
positions. It was needful to clear away the soil
under and about the cromlech, to place the ma-
chinery for raising the quoit (estimated to weigh
sixteen tons) and fixing the stones ; and the soil
did not appear to have been disturbed, and no
remains were found. The restoration was done
by Messrs. W. Stone & Ball, builders at Chagford,
at the expense of the Rev. W. Ponsford, the
Rector of Drewsteignton.
G. WAREING ORMEROD.
Chagford, near Exeter, Nov. 11, 1862.
WYNDHAM, SOMERSET, ETC. (3rd S. ii. 348.) —
Your correspondent, W. D., is too confident in
correcting mistakes on this subject, as he has
equally fallen into them himself. He states " the
Wyndhams, Earls of Egremont, is an extinct title.
This family is now represented by the Wyndhams
of Petworth, Sussex, and by those of Cockermouth
Castle, Cumberland." In the first place the pos-
sessor of Petworth and Cockermouth Castle is one
and the same, Lord Leconfield (late Col. George
Wyndham). The only legitimate male represent-
ative of this family at present is William Wynd-
ham, Esq., of Dinton, Wiltshire. See Shirley's
Noble and Gentlemen of England.
CUMBRIEWSIS.
ARTHUR ROSE : WILLIAM SMYTH (3rd S. ii. 334.)
I am much obliged to DACTYL (2. 0.) for his kind
answer to my Query on his former article, and
think I may be able to give him some help in his
research, from private notes and MSS., as my
great-grandmother was the eldest daughter of
James Smyth, of Aitherny. I shall be glad to
hear from your correspondent, and for that pur-
pose append my address, in order that he may, if
so minded, communicate with me directly.
If any question of general interest, such as I
conceive the true representation of the last Pri-
mate of all Scotland would be deemed, should be
eventually solved, perhaps the Editor may deem
an account of it worthy of a corner in " N. & Q.,"
part of whose value consists assuredly in its being
a repository for authentic genealogical informa-
tion, and the correction of any faulty accounts
such as are too often to be met with in our Peer-
ages and Baronages. With this view I shall be
glad to take up the question I mooted in my
former note, and endeavour to bring it to some
issue. C. H. E. CAHMICHAEL.
Trin. Coll. Oxon.
CATS : INSURANCE (3rd S. ii. 346.) — The case
Laveroni v. Drury, 8 Excli. 170; 16 Gur. 1024;
22 L. J. Exch, 2, decided that damage done by
rats is not a danger or accident of the seas ; and,
therefore, if a ship is infested by rats, and serious
damage is done to the cargo, the undertaker of
the work of carrying is responsible for the injury,
although he may have kept cats on board for the
express purpose of destroying the rats. There is
a very good legal decision of Mr. Lonsdale, one
of the County Court Judges, on the value of, and
property in, a cat ; namely, Whittingham».Ideson,
County" Court Chronicle Reports, 1861, p. 390.
T. F.
HOLY FIRE (3rd S. ii. 318.) —I am pleased to
be now able to corroborate the statement of
F. C. H. that the entry in the churchwarden's ac-
count quoted in my query, referred to the fire
kindled in the church porch on Easter eve. I
now find a second entry : —
" 154-5-6. Item for a stryke of chercole on Easier
Even ...... ijd."
I presume the candles on the altar were not
lighted until Easter morn, because the " creeping
to the cross " was allowed early on that day. Then,
too, and not before, the Paschal candle would be
lighted, to typify the resurrection of our Lord.
Will F. C. H. say if I am correct in saying this ?
Will he also kindly refer to my query respecting
" Catch-cope-bells," 2nd S. viii. 36, which has
never received a satisfactory reply. T. NORTH.
Leicester.
LETTER OF JAMES VI. TO QUEEN ELIZABETH
(3ra S. ii. 309.) -S. M. M. will find the letter he
396
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'<» S. II. Nov. 15, '62.
is in quest of quoted in Robertson's Hist, of
Scotland, vol. iii. B. vii. : —
" He " (Jas. VI.) "offered to send an army to Eliza-
beth's assistance, and told her ambassador that he ex-
pected no other favour from the king of Spain, but that
which Polyphemus had promised to Ulysses, that when
he had devoured all his companions, he would make him
hit latt monel."— Camb. 544, Johnst. 139, Spotsw. 369.
S. D. S.
THE LETTER FROM DB. ANDRUW TRIPE (3rd S.
i. 381.) — It may be just worth notice, with refer-
ence to the speculations of your correspondent as
to the writer of the Tripe letter addressed to
Nestor Ironsides, and published in London by
Morphew, Swift's publisher, in 1714, that it was
immediately reprinted in Dublin, and has on the
title 1714. Reprinting in Dublin was a matter of
course with works of interest, but I doubt whether
Nestor Ironsides was sufficiently known there to
suggest a reprint to a Dublin bookseller.
T. L. F.
DUDLEY OF RCSSELLS HALL (3rd S. ii. 325.) —
Will you permit me to add to my account of this
family —
1. That Thomas Boucher had by Margaret, the
eldest coheir, a son Joseph Boucher, alias Butcher,
of Birmingham, spurrier and founder, who, with
his wife Elizabeth, was living 1727.
2. That Eleanor Attwood's granddaughter,
Hannah, married Elisha Westwood of Broseley,
Salop, glassmaker.
3. That Elizabeth (sister of Hannah) described
in my former communication as the wife of
James, married subsequently Joseph Jones of
Dudley Castle, yeoman, as appears by a deed of
1731.
I should feel much obliged for any further in-
formation respecting this family, especially should
I be glad to have the descent complete from
Geffrey, son of Edward Lord Dudley (1531), to
John Dudley, the intestate of circa 1723.
H. S. G.
FOREIGN CITIZENSHIP OF THE SCOTS (3rd S. ii.
273.) — On taking up the Se-ntimental Journey a
few days ago, I was surprised to find in the
second page a singular corroboration of the state-
ment that recently appeared in your columns,
that by a law of Francis II. every person born in
Scotland is a citizen of France.
Speaking of the droit cTaubaine, Sterne says in
a note : —
"All the effects of strangers (Swiss and Scotch excrptetT)
dying in France, are seized by virtue of this law, though
the heir be upon the spot."
MELETES.
"JOORNET OVERLAND TO BAHNES " (3rd S. ii.
329.) — Jerdan of the Literary Gazette was the
author of this skit on the flood of journies here
there and evesywhere, and by everybody, which
then deluged the press. The idea, I apprehend,
was taken from the Voyage de Paris a St. Cloud,
par Mer, et de Retour par Terr e, published long be-
fore at Paris, in which the captain of the ftaquebot
is made to astonish his badaud passengers by an
assurance that, although he had for twenty years
encountered the perils of the trajet, he had never
once been drowned — jamais I
JAMES KNOWLES.
ANAGRAMS (3rd S. ii. 327.)— In the old regis-
ter of the parish of Willesdon, co. Middlesex, is
the following entry of burial, 9th July, 1661,
" Ralphc Hewes, his Anagram, 'he was helper.'
Tho: Gyffard, Vicar de Wilsden."
The vicar's signature is so placed to this entry
as to show that, past doubt, his object was by it
not to attest the truth of the alleged burial, hut
to carry down to future generations the important
information that his reverence was the author of
this delectable morsel of not very " ingenious tri-
fling." He did not think at the time, that 241
years afterwards he and his anagram would look so
small, as I suppose I may say they do.
JAMES KNOWLES.
EXPERIMENTUM CRUCIS (3rd S. ii. 353.) — Mr.
DE MORGAN, at the end of an article on Alchemy,
addresses the following question to his readers : —
" I will end with a Query. Can any of your readers
detect the phrase, exprimentwn crucis, among the alche-
mists? I have heard of their crux ; but I want the whole
phrase."
I know no reason for supposing that the phrase
experimentum crucis was borrowed from the lan-
guage of alchemy. It is, I conceive, a modern
phrase, coined from Bacon's Instantia crucis, which
is thus explained in the Novum Organum : —
"Inter praerogativas instantiarum ponemus loco de-
cimo quarto Instantias crucis; trantltto vocabulo a cruci-
but, qua erectte in triviis indicant et signant riurum sepa-
rationet. Has etiam Instantias decisorias et judiciales, et
in casibns nonnullis Instantias oraculi et mandati, appel-
lare consuevimus." — Lib. ii. Aph. 36.
By an Instantia crucis, Bacon means a logical
finger-post, which points out which of two roads
is the right one. From the luminous and demon-
strative character of these instances, he likewise
called them decisive, judicial, oracular, and man-
datory. By a crux in this passage, Bacon alludes
to the resemblance of a finger-post to the shape of
a cross or a gibbet. I am not aware that the phrase
" pjxperimentum crucis " occurs in Bacon ; but it is
evidently borrowed from his phraseology. It means
such an experiment as would afford an "Instantia
crucis."
Crux'aa applied to alchemists, or to astrono-
mers, or mathematicians, or any other cla.^s of
scientific men, means, I conceive, a logical diffi-
culty of so severe a character as metaphorically to
put them to the torture for its solution. It has no
connexion with the peculiar use of the word crux
'd S. II. Nov. 15, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
397
(which is by no means classical) in Bacon's phrase
0 Instantia crucis." L.
ELDEST SONS OF BARONETS AND THEIR KNIGHT-
HOOD (3rd S. ii. 219.)— Sir William O'Malley, son
and heir of Sir Samuel O'Malley, Bart, of Rose-
hill, Mayo (created 1804), claimed the honour of
knighthood under the letters patent of James I.,
and was knighted at Dublin Castle in 1835.
Sir John Edmund de Beauvoir also claimed the
honour, and was knighted at Dublin Castle in
1827.
The late Sir Richard Broun, Bart, applied for
knighthood vita patris in 1836, but was refused in
spite of the letters patent. J. WOODWARD.
New Shoreham.
REVOCATION OF THE EDICT OF NANTES (3rd S.
ii. 308, 339.) — In addition to the works men-
tioned by your correspondent (p. 339), as afford-
ing information respecting the Protestant refugees,
I will add the following ; and perhaps some of
your correspondents can make the list still more
complete : —
" Re*ponse aux Plaintes des Protestants, par Brueys de
Montpellier, 12mo. Paris, 1686."
" Eclaircissemens sur Protestants en France, et Edit
de Nantes, depuis commencement du regne de Louis
XIV. & nos jours, tires des Archives du Gouverne-
ment." (Privately printed 1788 )
" Account of Persecution of the Protestants of France,
Last Efforts of afflicted Innocence, View of Reformed
Religion, translated, 1682."
TRETANE.
PRAED'S ENIGMA. — The charade alluded to in
" N. & Q." Srd S. ii. 349,—
" The Reverend Hildebrand Pusey de Vere," &c. —
appeared in a tale written for the Nottingham
Athenceum about August last, by my friend Mor-
timer Collins, an occasional contributor to your
columns. I do not doubt that it is his own com-
position ; and I am sure he will feel gratified that
he has caught somewhat of the ring and spirit
which characterises the graceful but never equalled
trifles of Praed. HENHT MOODY.
Nottingham.
This enigma is new to me, but I think the
solution can hardly be other than Alb — any !
ALFRED AINGER.
Alrewas.
[We have received similar replies from N. M. F., J. B.,
and other friends.]
HAIR OF THE DEAD : RIVAULX ABBEY (3rd S.
ii. 200.) — I do not know whether hair that has
laid long in a coffin necessarily becomes of a red
tint, but I can testify to the blackness of a long-
buried plaited tress, cut from the head of one of
the South American aborigines which was brought
to me as a curious relic by my brother. These
people, when slain by the Spanish invaders, were
buried where they fell on the sands of the shore,
above high-water mark ; and there they may still
be seen by those who seek for them, — the bodies
being shrunk and dried, but perfectly preserved.
M. F.
NAMES OF THE THREE WISE MEN, ETC. (3rd S.
ii. 248, 315.)— My father, G. C. Bainbridge, also
had one of the silver rings described. It was
rather thick, and cut with two surfaces meeting
at a point. The inscription was simply the
names of the Magi, — " Jasper, Melchior, and
Balthazar," in old English or Gothic characters.
It was found either near Melrose or Kelso (I
think the latter). I remember my father showing
it to Sir Walter Scott (who was his friend and
neighbour), and I believe he presented it to him.
M. F.
HUNTER'S MOON (3rd S. i. 225 ; ii. 160.) —In
the south of Scotland, south of Ireland, and in
Lancashire, I have always heard the moon of
September called the harvest moon, that of Oc-
tober the hunter's moon. Of the seedsman's I
know nothing. M. F.
CORBY POLE FAIR (3rd S. ii. 49.) — The Rev.
C. Farebrother (son of the deceased London
auctioneer, Aid. F.), is rector of Corby, Lincoln-
shire, not of Corby, Northamptonshire (where
the " Pole Fair " takes place). T. P.
FAMILY OF GOOKIN (3rd S. ii. 324.) — I have a
note extracted from Harleian MS. fol. 11, which
may interest your correspondent : —
" Mrs. Margaret, dau. of John Gokeyn of Riple Court,
co. Kent, Esq., relict of Thos. Marshe,"of Marton, rA of
East Langdon, co. Kent, Esq. She was buryed 20 March,
1640, in Abchurch, London."
Arms (granted by Sir Wm. Segar, Garter,
1616). Marshe (gules, a horse's head arg.) im-
paling Gokeine, viz. : —
Quarterly 1 and 4, gules, a chrevron erm. be-
tween 3 cocks, 2 and 1, or; 2 and 3, a sable across
erm. I believe my transcript is pretty correct, but
it was hurriedly made, and should therefore be
verified before use.* C. J. R.
RIDDLE BY CHARLES II. (3rd S. ii. 305.)— Did
the Royal Riddler intend the Litera Canina which
^° R has so significantly indexed ? OlSiirovg.
PALEY'S SERMON BEFORE PITT (3rd S. ii. 307.)
It can scarcely be doubted that Dr. Paley did not
E reach before the new premier, Mr. Pitt, at Cam-
ridge, in 1784, from John vi. 9. Mr. Meadley
may be heard in reference to this subject. He
says : —
" A report has been long in circulation, that Mr. Paley
being appointed to preach before the University of Cam-
bridge, on the day when Mr. Pitt, after his elevation to
the premiership in 1784, made his first appearance at St.
Mary's, chose this singular, but appropriate text — ' There
[* Oar correspondent has not stated the number of the
Harl. MS.— ED.]
398
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'< S. II. Nov. 15, '02.
is a lad here who hath live barley loaves, and two small
fishes; but what are they among so many?' A lady
•who had seen this story in a newspaper, ouce asked the
facetious divine if it was true? • Why no, Madam,' he
replied, • I certainly never preached such a sermon ; I was
not at Cambridge at the time ; but I remember that one
day when I was riding out with a friend in the neigh-
bourhood of Carlisle, and we were talking about the
bustle and confusion which Mr. Pitt's appearance would
then cause in the university, I said that if I had been there,
aud asked to preach a sermon, I would have taken that
passage for my text.'"— Life ofPaUy, 2nd ed. p. 121.
X. A. X.
DAFFY'S ELIXIR (3rJ S. ii. 348.) — The follow-
ing extract From Martindale's Autobiography,
printed by the Chetham Society, may interest your
readers. It concerns Martindale's daughter, a
young woman twenty-five years old, who died of
cough, " her flesh consuming with much pains,"
in the year 1673 : —
"That which seemed to doe her most good was Elixir
Salutis, for it gave her much ease (my Lord Delamer
having bestowed upon her severall bottles that came im-
mediately from Mr. Daffie himselfe), and it also made
her cheerful ; but, going forth and getting new cold, she
went fast away. 1 am really perswaded that if she had
taken it a little sooner, in due quantities, and beene care-
full of herselfe, it might have saved her life. But it was
not God's wilL"
M. K.
BUTTEBFIELD OF PARIS (3rd S. ii. 377.) — There
is an article on this instrument-maker in the
Biographic Universelle. He went to Paris " to-
wards the end " of the reign of Louis XIV., and
died May 28, 1724. He published -on ihe level
in 1677, and on an odometer in 1681. If, then,
he went to Paris towards the end of the reign
of Louis XIV., he must have had some connec-
tion with Paris many years before he settled
there. Peter of Russia visited his manufactory
in 1717. His name is spelt with it on an old
sector — meaning a drawing instrument — in my
possession. It is of solid brass, and the lines are
rudely, but well, laid down. A. DB MORGAN.
CARDINAL'S CAP : ROCHET, ETC. (3rd S. ii. 94.)
To what edition of the Decretals does MR.
WALCOTT refer when he states that the use of
the Rochet in public was enjoined by Decret.
lib. iii. tit. i. c. 15 ? I can find no such passage as
that quoted by him in the place mentioned. Lib.
iii. titulus i. treats " de vita et honestate clerico-
rum," and chapter 15, headed " ex litteris pon-
tini," contains nothing about linen " superindu-
menta." Several of the other chapters under the
same "titulus" treat of clerical attire, — c. 14
orders clerical persons to avoid finery in dress ;
and c. 18 threatens with punishment all " utentes
tdbardo notabiliter brevi integre foderato," and
forbids them to wear " certas caligas." Compare
with this last the order in our own Canons, " and
that they wear not any light-coloured stockings."
I may add that my copy of the Decretals is a
folio, printed in contracted black letter, by John
de Westfalia, at Lovaine in 1480, and is a perfect
specimen of early topography.
CHESSDOROUGH, M.A.
Harhcrton, Totnes.
DR. JOHN HEWETT (2nd S. viii. 391, 456 ; xii.
409 ; 3rd S. ii. 232, 313.) —The remarks made by
C.EDO ILLUD (3rd S. ii. 232), and the rejoinder by
MR. CL. HOPPER, have caused me to compare my
Note (2nd S. viii. 391) with his (2nd S. xii. 409)*;
and I find that the latter gentleman state-; thij
divine was born Sept. 4, 1614. But the register
of Merchant Taylors' School record his birth as
having occurred Jan. 3, 1604 ; while the college
admissions to Pembroke College, Cambridge, have
it that May 16, 1633, he was admitted to the class
of Sizars, under the tutorship of Mr. Mappletoft,
at the age of eighteen. Thus (and no shadow of
doubt exists that the entries refer to one and the
same individual), as the dates will not allow the
ages to correspond, one or other source of in-
formation must be erroneous, or MR. HOPPER or
myself must have made a mistake in transcription.
MR. CL. HOPPER'S statement of the date of birth,
allowing eighteen years, nearly corresponds with
the age at which Dr. John Hewett entered col-
lege ; but as he has not referred to the source
whence he derived the information, we are unable
to judge which authority bears the greatest weight.
This is an instance which shows the value of full
references. I am compiling a Biography of Dr.
John Hewett, and am therefore much interested
in anything which relates to him ; and should
feel very much obliged to MR. HOPPER, if he
will kindly do for me what he states he would
probably have done for CJSDO ILLOD, had the
latter asked more courteously, viz. kindly furnish
me with reference to the sources from whence he
obtained the information which enabled him to
write so interesting an article.
J. F. N. HBWETT.
Tyr Mai Ellis, Pont y Pridd, Glamorgan.
BLANKETS (3rd S. ii. 318, 359.) — There were
three brothers of the name of Blanket who were
connected with Bristol in the Middle Ages. I find
it first occurring in the annals of the city * in the
year 1340, when Thomas Blanket was bailiff: his
brother Edmund held the same office in 1349, and
was member of Parliament for the town in 1369 ;
to which dignity a third brother, Edwaid, who
was the oldest of the three, had been elected in
1362. The trio seem to have been extensively
engaged in the manufacture of coarse woollen
cloths, for which at that time Bristol was much
celebrated ; but to Thomas, the youngest of the
three, the introduction of the article of bedding,
called after the family name, is probably due.
* Although the word city is used here, Bristol was not
such until the reiga of Henry VII I.
3'd S. II. Nov. 15, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
399
The cloths made by the brothers, although of the
coarser sorts, were sold by them in large quanti-
ties to be made into garments for the peasantry,
who, until their time had worn only coarse cloths
made from hemp. Blankets soon came to be used
by sportsmen, soldiers, and travellers, in lieu of
the loose mantle and puckered cloak and cape,
which, as well as the long loose robe or gown,
were inconvenient. The former could be readily
thrown across the shoulders, or used to wrap
about the wearer in cold or wet weather ; and
Edward I. found them very useful in his army,
when encamped against the Welsh and Scots.
When stump bedsteads came into use among the
wealthy, about the reign of Edward III. — before
which time they had slept on rushes, straw, or
fern, laid upon the floor — blankets, soon after-
wards manufactured, came to be part of their
necessary furniture ; and repeated mention is
made of them in the " Expenses of the Great
Wardrobe of Edward III. from 29th Sept. 1347,
to 31st Jan. 1349." (See Archoeologia, vol. xxxi.)
GEORGE PRYCE.
Bristol City Library.
WORTHY (3rd S.ii.276.)— Worth undWorthy are
common in English local names. We have between
120 and 130. Among others are, Bedworth, Blox-
worth (formerly Blocesworth, "Bloe's manor"),
Bosworth, Bladworthy, Chilworth, Chillingworth,
Colsterworth, Emswortb, Epsworth, Handsworth
(2), fianworth (2), Holsworthy, Ixworth, Little-
worth, Lulwortb, Lutterwortb, Mereworth, Nails-
worth, Petworth, Pyworthy, Sawbridgeworth,
Shuttlewortb, Silksworth, Stetchworth, Tamworth
(from the Tame), Tetsworth, Theddingworth,
Tortworth, Unsworth, Wadsworth, Wandsworth,
Warkworth, Wensworthy, Wentworth, Whit-
worth, Wirksworth, Wcolfardisworthy, Words-
worth, Worth, AVorth Maltravers, Wortham,
Worthing.
Worth is also found in German local names ;
and worth and worthy in many English surnames
derived from locality. R. S. CHARNOCK.
MONUMENT IN CONINGTON CHURCH, HUNTS (3rd
S. ii. 271.) — Your correspondent STAMFORDI-
ENSIS has referred to the effigy of the soldier-
monk in Conington church. As published il-
lustrations (more especially pictorial ones) of
Huntingdonshire are excessively rare, as com-
pared with other counties, I may do well to men-
tion, that the above monument was engraved for
the first time in The Art World, No. 5, March 29,
1862 — a periodical which I believe had but a
brief existence. This periodical's description of
the monument was quoted in the local papers, but
was wrongly attributed to The Art Journal. The
monument had been before described (but with-
out an illustration) by Mr. M. H. Bloxam, in the
Journal of the Archaeological Institute, v. 146.
The monument has been duly cared for by the
present rector of Conington, the Rev. G. Heath-
i COte. CUTHBERT BfiDE.
CARDINAL WOLSEY'S HOUSE AT CHESHUNT (3rd
S. ii. 309.) — I remember, in 1825, the ruins of a
house at Cheshunt, which the old woman who
then showed it called " Cardinal Wolsey's house."
Forty rooms fell in at that time, leaving the prin-
cipal hall : a lofty apartment, about 80 feet long
by 40 wide, with banners above, and suits of
armour round it. There was a large window at
one end, and a gallery, where the old woman
pointed to a blood stain on the floor, stated to be
the spot where a murder was committed. No
one but the person in care of it then resided in
the building, which was situated not far from a
celebrated tree, standing out in the road, called
GoflTs Oak. JOHN FREEMAN.
CENTENARIANISM (3rd S. ii. 196.)— The follow-
ing apparently undoubted instance of longevity is
recorded on a tomb- stone in the churchyard at
Corwen, North Wales : —
" In memory of Mrs. Susannah Lewis, widow of David
Lewis, Surgeon in the R. N. Mrs. Lewis was born in
London, Septr 17, 1750, and died at the Vicarage, Cor-
wen, October 28, 1852.
" Mrs. Lewis had resided at the Vicarage for the last
twenty years of her life, and her death is deeply lamented
by the Vicar and the poor of Corwen."
According to this inscription, she must have
been in her 103rd year. A. W. D.
LOCAL NAMES (3rd S. ii. 358.) — I am a good
deal amused at C. N. supposing that I am ignorant
of the etymology of Suffolk, Essex, and Sussex ;
but perhaps he was warranted in his assumption by
the manner in which my Query is printed at
p. 307, where the proper names are only divided
by commas, and by the omission of " CO." I sup-
pose it is my own fault that I have been set down
for an utter ignoramus. The object of my Query
was to elicit the etymology of Tirwick, co. Suffolk ;
Terling, co. Essex ; and Amphlete, co. Sussex.
I cannot agree with C. N. that Tir is Saxon, or
Turris Latin for a hill ; Tir is Celtic for a town,
and wick is Saxon for a village. Still less can I
concede to him without proof, that Tirling signi-
fies a cultivated or enclosed hill. *Shrflete is evi-
dently a lapsus penna of C. N., meaning to write
Amphlete, as he goes upon Hamfiete and Amble-
side, which are not at all satisfactory. If C. N.
should oblige me further, will he be kind enough
to give authorities ? Meantime I shall be obliged
to any other gentleman who will assist me.
JAMES KNOWLES.
DOG'S TEETH (3rd S. ii. 342.) — In relating a
superstitious notion about dog's teeth, MR. A. DB
MORGAN says he never knew what these were.
They are so-named from their resemblance to the
400
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"> S. II. Nov. 15, '62.
teeth of a dog, being long, and ending in a point.
Such teeth would project beyond the rest in the
human jaw, and much disfigure their possessor.
Hence the dread of them as/' something terrible."
F. C. H.
STATCE OF KINO GEORGE I. IN LEICESTER
SQUARE (3rd S. i. 227; ii. 150, 170.) — I beg to
call the attention of your correspondents on this
subject to the following passage: —
" His (George II. 's) son Frederic affected the same con-
tradictory fondness for his grandfather, and erected the
statue of George I. in Leicester Fields ; and intended, if
he had come to the crown, to place a monument to his
memory in St. Paul's." — Walpple's Memoir* of the Reign
of George II., vol. iii. (Appendix), p. 315.
CHARLES WYLIE.
NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.
Servia and the Servians. By the Rev. W. Den ton, M.A.
(Bell & Daldy.)
We have, i'n this unpretending volume, a narrative of
a journey during the early part of the present year, under
circumstances peculiarly favourable, in a country of which
but little is known in England : and we shall be greatly
surprised if Mr. Denton's book does not attract in a
marked manner two very distinct classes of readers. The
Politician may learn from it much that it is well that he
should know respecting the condition of a people, whose
virtues have not been destroyed by four centuries of
oppression ; while the Churchman will peruse, with the
deepest interest, Mr. Denton's valuable notices of the
state of the Eastern Church. Thanks to the kindness of
the Archbishop of Belgrade — a kindness which the Bishop
of London, on the author's return, warmly and most
properly acknowledged — Mr. Denton had peculiar facili-
ties afforded him for acquiring the most accurate in-
formation upon this interesting subject.
Bacon t Essays, and Colours of Good and Evil; with
Notes and Glossarial Index. By \V. Aldis Wright, M.A.,
Trinity College, Cambridge. (Macmillan & Co.)
There is no book which has higher claims to be in-
serted in the beautifully printed Series, to which the
publishers have given the name of The Golden Treasury
Series, than the profound and suggestive Essays of the
great Bacon. Mr. Wright, to whom the editorship of the
volume has been entrusted, has obviously been ani-
mated by a desire to do justice, alike to the author and
to his own reputation as an editor ; and as he has had
the benefit of Mr. Spedding's ready assistance in all cases
of doubt and difficulty, the present edition of the Essays,
with its valuable bibliographical preface, its illustrative
notes, and its carefully compiled Glossarial Index, may be
pronounced to be as well edited as it is tastefully got up.
On the Mountain : being the Wehh Experiences of Abra-
ham Black and Jonas White, Esquires, Moralists, Photo-
graphers, Fithermtn, and Botanists. By the Rev. George
Tugwell, M.A. (Bentley.)
Made up, as the title-page tells us, of travelling, pho-
tographising, botanising, moralising, and fishing, and of
a little love-story which, if not included in the moralising,
is not mentioned at all, this amusing little volume may
b« called a travelling novel or a travelling novelty as the
reader thinks best.
Beaut fs de la Poesie Anglaite. Par Le Chevalier de
Chatelain. 2 tomes. (Rolandi).
We have had so frequently to call attention to the
mastery which the Chevalier de Chatelain has acquired
over our language, as proved by his admirable transla-
tion of Chaucer, &c., that we can now only express oar
hope that he is an exception to the law which denies
honour to a prophet in his own country ; and that the
Chevalier's translation of the numerous gems of English
poetry collected in these volumes will make the names
and genius of many of our best poets familiar to oar
literary brethren on the other side of the Channel.
The Poems of S. T. Coleridge. (Bell & Daldy.)
This new volume of Bell & Daldy's Pocket Series is a
perfect little gem. It realizes to the full the publishers'
object of giving the best books " moderate in price, and
compact and elegant in form." Coleridge's Poems beau-
tifully printed for three shillings. Can combined elegance
and cheapness go beyond this ?
The Toicn and Borough of Leominster, with Illustrations
of its Ancient and Modem History. By the Rev. G. Tyler
Townsend, Vicar of Leominster; and a Chapter on the
Parish Church and Priory. By Edward A. Freeman,
Esq. (S. Partridge, Leominster.)
In this very useful addition to our stock of topographical
books, the Vicar of Leominster has presented his parish-
ioners with a most appropriate testimony of his good
will. It would be well if his good example were fol-
lowed more generally ; for from their education and their
ready access to the materials of local history, the pa-
rochial clergy of England are especially fitted for furnish-
ing good histories of their respective parishes.
BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES
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Amu-erf to other Coi respondent* in our next,
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all COMMUNICATION! roa TBI EDITOR thould beaddretted.
3rd S. II. Nov. 15, '62.]
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Products and Industry of the British Colonies as shown in the Inter-
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VT PHILOLOGICAL ESSAYS of the late Rev. RICHARD GAR-
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LATHAM'S PHILOLOGICAL, ETHNOGRA-
PHICAL, and other F.SSAYS. By R. G. LATHAM, M.D., F.R.S.
&c. 8vo, cloth. \Os.W.
KENNEDY (JAMES)- ETHNOLOGICAL and
LINGUISTIC ESSAYS. Edited, with Preface. *c., by his Son. 8ro,
(uniform with Garnctt's and Latham's Essays), cloth. It. W.
WILLIAMS 4: NOROATE, 14, Henrietta Street, Covent Garden,
London; and 20, South Frederick Street, Edinburgh.
S. II. Nov. 22, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
401
LONDON, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 22, 1862.
CONTENTS.— NO. 47.
NOTES: — Satirical Print against Lord Bolingbroke, 401 —
Thomas Howard, Earl of Aruiiclel, 403 — Wills of Eminent
Persons, Ib. — Unpublished Manuscript of William Fiske,
404.
MINOS 'NOTE3: — Walter Scott's Burial-Place— Curious
Epitaph at Cookham, Berks — The Phrase " That accounts
for it" — Fly-leaf Scribblings — France, its Mutations
since 1789 — A Puzzle for Antiquaries — Telegram — Rein-
deer, Raindeer : Origin of the Word, 405.
QUERIES:— Napoleon Queries, 406 — Quotations, Refer-
ences, &c., 408 — Goisfrid Alselin or Hanselin — Book of
Common Prayer: Prayer for the Church Militant —
Thomas Campbell — La Camorra — Dartmouth Arms —
Owen Fitz-Pen, alias Phippen — Heraldic Queries — The
Martyr's Penny: the Suet Penny — The Lord Mayor of
Dublin, 1862 — Sir Hugh Myddleton — John Milton's
Works — Lord Pigot's Marriage — Poems — Portland Is-
land — The Preston Guild — Quotation — Samuel Rowe —
Stature of a Man from his Skeleton — Rev. J. Webbe —
James Whitaker, 409.
QUERIES WITH ANSWERS : — Bradshaw the Regicide— Dra-
matic Queries — Pied Piper of Hamelen — " Arthur O'Brad-
ley " — George Edwards, F.R.S. — Jesuits — Sir Benjamin
Hammet — Gary's " Itinerary/' — Quotation, 411.
REPLIES:— Bishop Porteus and George III., 414 — Sack-
but, Ib. — John Hall, Bishop of Bristol, 415 — Picture of
Dr. Paley — Statue of George II. in Leicester Square —
An Ague Charm — Religious Tests — St. Leger of Trunk-
well — Scandinavian Proverbs — Board of Green-cloth —
Wrexham Organ — Immunity from Diseases — The Prince
of Wales's Majority — Lawn and Crape, &c., 416.
Notes on Books, &c.
SATIRICAL PRINT AGAINST LORD
BOLINGBROKE.
Among the many curious satirical prints in the
remarkable Collection of Mr. Hawkins is one
which has hitherto defied explanation ; but upon
which accident has recently thrown some little
light.
The print, which has probably some reference
to the Treaty of Utrecht, is about 6 inches by 5,
and represents three individuals in the costume of
the early part of the last century, seated at a table
with papers before them. They are attended by
two clerks or secretaries. A small devil is whis-
pering into the ear of the more prominent per-
sonage, at whose feet is a fool's cap ; two similar
caps are introduced as belonging to the other
parties. On the back-ground, on the right, is a
picture, — a portrait of an old man in a fur cap ;
and over the mantel-piece of the room a picture
in which is represented what is said to be a very
remarkable incident in the life of Lord Boling-
broke. In the picture in question he is seen
sitting up in bed, in a sort of dressing-gown.
Leaning over the bed is a female as scantily at-
tired as a Venus, and upon that part of her figure
from which Venus Callipyge took her name,
Bolingbroke is signing a paper. This incident
furnishes so strange a picture of the manners of
the times, and of the recklessness of Bolingbroke,
as to justify the preservation in " N. & Q." of
the few notes illustrative of it which accident
has lately brought under my notice.
Some few weeks since, when turning over, for
a very different purpose, the 54th vol. of the
Gentleman's Magazine, I accidentally found, in
a review of De Lolme's Memorials of Human
Superstition, a reference to an anecdote of Boling-
broke, which passage, coupled with the reviewer's
note upon it, served at once to identify the allu-
sion in Mr. Hawkins's engraving.
After speaking of Lord Bolingbroke as a States-
man, a Politician, and a Philosopher, De Lolme
says, " It was on that part of his mistress's body
we are alluding to, his Lordship, then a Secretary
of State, chose to write and to sign one of the
most important dispatches of his ministry, and
on which the repose of Europe depended at
that time." Adding in a note : " Miss Gumley.
She became a few years afterwards Countess of
Bath. His Lordship, no doubt, boasted of the
fact, as it seems to have made some noise at the
time." On which the Reviewer in the Gentleman 's
Magazine remarks, that the author " seems not to
know that the Letter of Lord Bolingbroke was
produced before the Secret Committee, of which
Mr. Pulteney happened to be a member." It has
been stated that the letter so curiously signed was
an important despatch connected with the Treaty.
By a very strange coincidence, within a few
days of my stumbling upon this clue to the story
in the Gentleman's Magazine, I picked up a con-
temporary pamphlet, which shows that De Lolme
was correct in stating that the " affair made some
noise at the time."
The Pamphlet is entitled, " As much as may be
publish' d of A Letter from the B of R — ch — r
to Mr. P . To which is added The several
Advertisements for which Mr. Wilkins was assaulted
at the Crown Tavern in Smithfield. London,
Printed for A. Moore, near St. Pauls. Price
Three-Pence? 12mo, pp.24, without date.
The pretended Letter of Atterbury, which ends
on p. 16, bears, however, the date Paris, Feb. 12,
N. S. 1728. This is followed by the Advertisements,
for which Mr. Wilkins was assaulted at the Crown
Tavern, in Smithfield. We are not told who
Mr. Wilkins was, but we think there can be little
doubt that he was William Wilkins, the favourite
printer of the Whig party, a resident in Little
Britain, and at one time the printer of The White-
hall Evening Post, The Whitehall and London
Journal, and three other newspapers : and a search
among those papers would probably furnish not
only the originals of the following advertisements,
but some particulars of the assault which their
publication drew down upon the unlucky printer.
The Advertisements are four in number. The
first is as follows : —
402
NOTES AND QUERIES.
S. II. Nov. 22, •<
" JVif.r< week will be published, and sold by all the Print-
tellers of London and Westrainster,/««d/br Young Gen-
tlemen's SxUFF-Bo.M.s
"A Curious Mezzotinto Print of the Famous WRITING-
DESK, and the SECRETARY at it. Done from the Original,
late in the Possession of HARRY GAMBOL, Esq."
It is, perhaps, needless to remark, that Harry
Gambol is Bolingbroke. The second Advertise-
ment again alludes to Bolingbroke and the Lady :
" In a few Days will be reoiv'd,
" By the same Company that acted last Winter,
" AT the Great Rouse near Piccadilly, next Door to the
Dispensatory, AN Entertainment in Grotesque Characters
called the CABAL: Or HARLEQUIN a Patriot. The Part
of HARLEQUIN by Mr. SQUAB. To which will be added,
the Metamorphosis ; Or the LADY a WRITING-DESK. In
which HARUY GAMBOL has promised to play his Original
Part of the SECRETARY, and the LADY will not fail to
perform her's with her usual Spirit.
" N.B. The Hackney- Writer who was employed to
write out some of the under Parts in this agreeable En-
tertainment, having mangled and disguised several
Characters, has lately imposed them upon? the Publick
in the CRAFTSMAN, under the title of HARLEQUIN a
STATESMAN."
The third Advertisement runs as follows : —
"AT SQUAB'S AMPHITHEATRE, near the DISPENSATORY*
adjoining to PICCADILLY, will be revived a TRAGK.DY, in
which will be represented
The Destruction at CANADA,
The Slaughter O/DENAIN, and
The Massacre of the CATALANS.
" To which will be added, a Farce called —
" The PADLOCK, or the MOCK GENERAL. The prin-
cipal Parts in both to be perform'd by HAUIIY GAMBOL,
who hath desired to appear again upon the Stage, and
who acted the same Originally; but the other original
Actors being dead, the under Parts will be now per-
formed by SQUAB, CALEB, and others."
The fourth Advertisement clearly refers, among
other things, to the story told by Lord Hervey of
the second Lady Bolingbroke (Madame de Vil-
lette) swearing that she was not married to
Bolingbroke, for the sake of recovering certain
monies from her banker, Sir Matthew Decker.*
* " Soon after his (Bolingbroke's) return, he acknow-
ledged Madame de Villette as his wife, which everybody
knew she had been for some time, though not a year
before she had solemnly forsworn her being so in a court j
of judicature, in order to draw a sum of money out of the
hands of a banker, who pretended (very likely only ]
for the advantage of fingering the money a little longer), \
that without a decree in Chancery he could not be sc-
cure in delivering it. The Banker said, if she was Lord
Bolingbroke's wife, as was currently reported, and by
everybody believed, her money was his; and as his was
forfeited by his attainder to the Government, conse- j
qnently any Banker in whose hands it was lodged would,
notwithstanding the repayment to his wife, be account- |
able to the Government for it.
" This Chicane of the Banker's put her ladyship under
the disagreeable difficulty of either risking her 52.000/.
(for the sum was no less), or denying that upon oath,
which in a few months would be owned, and was already
known, to all the world; however, her conscience and
" There it preparing for the Press by
"ToM CARBINE of COL. PLATOON'S Kcgiment,
" A TKKATISE, plainlj1 showing it Lawful for a Man to
Get an Estate by the SAMK MKANS whereby he lost it.
With a true Copy of an AFFIDAVIT proving that GAM-
BOL'S Wife is still the Widow of the Fien>-!i Miiryns. To
which is added a Dialogue between HARRY GAMBOL and
j WILL SQUAB; demonstrating the Strict Alliance between
' PERJURY and TREASON, and proving that INGRATII
is no CUIME. Ingratum si dixeris nihil dlxeris.
" Let SQUAU remember brawny HILO'S End,
Wedg'd in the Timber which he strove to rend.
" TOM CARBINE."
That it was at the time very generally be-
lieved that Bolingbroke had signed some despatch
under such strange circumstances, said to be
connected with the Treaty of Utrecht, cannot
surely, after the allusions to it here produced, 1 e
doubted. It only remains to say a few words as
to who the lady was, of whose assistance he
availed himself upon the occasion.
De Lolme says unhesitatingly that it was Miss
Gumley : and a distinguished nobleman, whose
political and literary recollections are as exten-
sive as they are valuable, has conBrmed De
Lolme' s statement, — a statement which will pre-
sently be corroborated by Lady Betty Germaine.
Anna Maria Gumley was the daughter of John
Gumley, Esq., of Islewortb, who is said to have
amassed a large fortune by carrying on a glass
manufactory ; but as it is asserted that he was a
contractor for the army, this last probably con-
tributed as much as his manufactory to the great,
wealth which he is said to have amassed. The
lady was known to Pope, probably during the
time that she was under Bolingbroke's protection,
and the verses entitled The Looking- Glass, which
he addressed to her as Mrs. Pulteney^ were, it
may be supposed, written just at the time when
" charming Gumley " was " lost in Pulteney's
wife." I have been unable to ascertain precisely
when this marriage took place, but there is reason
to believe it was in December, 1714.
The lines are as follows : —
" THE LOOKING GLASS.
" With scornful mien, and various toss of air,
Fantastic, vain, and insolently fair,
Grandeur intoxicates her giddy brain ;
She looks ambition and she moves disdain.
Far other carriage graced her virgin life,
But charming G y's lost in P y's wife ;
Not greater arrogance in him we find,
And this conjunction swells at least her mind :
O, could the sire, renowned in glass, produce
One faithful mirror for his daughter's use!
Wherein she might her haughty errors trace,
And by reflection learn to mend her face ;
The wonted sweetness to her form restore,
Be what she was, and charm mankind once more! "
her interest had no long struggle: she forswore her
marriage and received her money." — Lord Jlervey's
Memoirs of the Kc'njn of George JL, vol. i. pp. 16, 17.
S. II. Nov. 22, 'C2.'j
NOTES AND QUEKIES.
403
This was not, however, published until after
Pope's death, he having probably suppressed it
on becoming intimate with Pulteney — when Pul-
teney and Bolingbroke became political allies.
Far more bitter, however, were the attacks
made upon her by the political opponents of her
husband. Sir Charles Hanbury Williams, who, as
Horace Wai pole says, inflicted deeper wounds in
three months on Lord Bath than a series of
Craftsmen, aided by Lord Bolingbroke, could
imprint on Sir Robert Walpole, has frequent
allusions to Lady Bath. Thus, in The Country
Girl, he writes : —
"'Tis said besides that t' other Harry
Pays half the fees of Secretary,
To Bath's ennobled doxy."
And again, in the Ode to the Author of The
Conquered Dutchess, he says : —
"How Pulteney truck'd the fairest fame
For a Right Honorable name,
To call his vixen by."
But it is somewhat remarkable that no allusion
to the subject of this curious print is made by
Sir Charles.
Walpole has certainly one covert allusion to j
this incident. In his Letter to Mann of 19 July, |
1743 (vol. i. p. 259, Cunningham's edition), speak-
ing of Lord Bath, he says : —
" My Lady Townshend said an admirable thing the
other day to this last : he was complaining much of a
pain in his side, — ' Oh ! ' said she, ' that can't be ; you
have no side.' "
None of Walpole's editors have considered that
this " admirable thing " required explanation.
Had they remembered Lady Betty Germaine's
remark, " We all know Lady Bath has a side"
they would probably have pointed out the refer- j
ence to what appears to have been well known at
the time as Bolingbroke's Writing-Desk.
Perhaps some reader of " N. & Q.," versed in
the political squibs and caricatures of the last
century, may be able to furnish other allusions
to this subject, and to say whether any copy of
the mezzo-tinto print advertised by Mr. Wilkins
is known to be in existence. While some graver
reader may be able to tell us what the precise
paper was, which, signed in so peculiar a manner,
was afterwards produced by Pulteney before a
Secret Committee of the House of Commons.
S. P. B.
pose from time to time to forward samples of my
collections under the letter A. To begin with
the eminent patron of letters, Lord Arundel. See
Heylin's Life of Laud, 361 ; Birch's Court and
Times of James /., vol. ii. p. 24. He was for
peace with Rome, Panzani's Memoirs, 249 (cf. for
his grandson the cardinal, ibid. 305), and Prynnc's
Canterb. Doome, 422. (Marprelate, Epist. p. 31,
ed. Petheram, already complained that J. C. the
Earl of Arundel's man printed popish books.) He
was general against the Scots, 1639, Lilly's Life
of Charles I., pp. 211, 212 ; his character, ibid.
224, seq. His MSS., Scrivener's Collation, fyc.
(1853), p. xxxviii. He is mentioned as tilting in
1613 (Wotton's Remains, 405, a large estate left
to him, ibid. 435). In 1638 he purchased Pirck-
heimer's library (Leben des gelchrten Petri Lam-
bccii, 91). See further, Richterus Redivivus,
Norimb. 1686, pp. 224, 232, 236. In a letter
from Christopher Arnold to Geo. Richtcr (7 Aug.
1651, ibid. 485), we read : —
" Nobilissimus Dn. Foxius, olim Comitis ab Arundell
ad invictissimum Imperatorem nostrum legati in itinere
comes, velut admissionalis, hortos Arundellianos ita mihi
aperuit, ut omni tempore statuas, imagines, marmora,
inscriptiones, urnas et vasa varia perlustranti pateant."
His chaplain Petty travelled into Greece and
Italy to make collections for him, and was so ill
rewarded that he died of chagrin (Colomesii
Opera, 328). Fras. Junius was his librarian and
tutor to his son (ibid. 323 ; Clarorum Virorum ad
G. J. Vossium Epistolce, pp. 29 b, 73 a). Suf-
fering from a fall, ibid. 32 a. Ambassador to the
Queen of Bohemia (ibid. 105 b. Cf. 141 b, 143 b,
163 b; Vossii Epistolce, 136a, 149a, I80a, 212b).
He procured the see of York for Harsnett, who
was tutor to his younger son (Le Neve's Pro-
testant Bishops, i. pt. 2. p. 132).
JOHN E. B. MAYOR.
St. John's College, Cambridge.
THOMAS HOWARD, EARL OF ARUNDEL.
As we have a new Biographia Britannica in
prospect, it seems desiderable to collect without
delay materials for the lives of our worthies, es-
pecially of those'whose names or titles occur early
in the alphabet. With a view of drawing your
readers' attention to this important field, I pro-
WILLS OF EMINENT PERSONS.
I offer a second list of the Wills of persons of
eminence that have already appeared in print. So-
liciting, as before, the correspondents of "N. & Q."
to favour me with references to any others that
may occur to them.
1450. Sir John Fastolfe, K.G. Norfolk Archaeology,
1849, vol. ii. p. 228.
1556. Sir John Gage, K.G. Gage's History of Hengrave,
p. 229. (And, in the same work, several others
of the Gages and Kytsons.)
1560. Thomas Phaer, translator of Virgil. Shakespeare
Societv Papers, iv. 1.
1561. Eleanor, "Countess of Bath. Gage's Hengrave,
p. 135.
1562. Gerard Legh, author of the Accedens of Armory.
The Herald and Genealogist, 1862, Part n.
The "fellows" of Shakespeare, in Collier's
404
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. Nov. 22, '6
Memoirs of Actors in the Plays of Shakespeare
(Shakespeare Soc., 1846), viz. : —
1603. Thomas Pope, p. 125.
1G05. Augustine Phillips p. 85.
1G08. William Sly, p. 1.07.
1613-14. Alexander Cooke, p. 187.
1623. Nicholas Tooley, p. 289.
1628. Henry Cundall, p. 1-15.
1630. John'Heminge, p. 73.
1619. Samuel Daniel, the Poet. Shakespeare Society
Papers, iv. 156.
1626. Edward Alleyn, the actor, and founder of Dnlwich
College. Alleyn Papers, (Shakespeare Soc. 184 1),
p. xxi.
. Sir John Hayward, D.C.L., the historian. Hay-
ward's Elizabeth (Camden Soc.), 1844, p. 75.
1650. Inigo Jones, architect. Life by Peter Cunningham
(Shakspeare Soc.), 1848, p. 49.
. Sir Anthony Van Dyke. Carpenter's Pictorial
Notices of Yandyck, 1844, p. 75.
1656. Penelope, Lady Gage. Gage's Hengrave, p. 240.
1665. Abraham Cowley, the poet. Shakespeare Society
Proceedings, ii. 146 ; and Johnson's Lives of the
Poets (edit. 1854), i. 62.
1684. Robert Leighton, Archbishop of Glasgow. Banna-
tyne Miscellany, vol. iii.
1689. Thomas Sydenhara, M.D. Works, printed for the
Sydenham Society, 1844.
1697. Thomas Hobbes, of Malmeabury. Aubrey's Lives,
iii. 635.
. Sir Thomas Rokeby, Justice C.P. Brief Memoir
of Mr. Justice Rokeby (Surtees Soc. Miscel-
lanea, I860), p. 64.
1701. King James the Second. Clarke's James II., vol.
ii. p. 646.
1702. Henry Sidney, Earl of Roraney. Collins's Lives of
the Sidneys, p. 174.
1715. George Hickes, D.D., the Nonjuror. London, 1716,
8vo.
. Charles Montague, Earl of Halifax. His will was
published by Curll.
1760. Dr. John Ward, the fabricator of Ward's Pill
(see " N. & Q.," 3rd S. ii. 372). Gentleman's
Magazine, 1762, xxxii. 208.
178k Dr. Samuel Johnson. Gentleman's Magazine, 1784,
p. 946, and Boswell's Johnson.
1841. Sir Francis Chantrey. In the Atheneum soon
after his death, and in the Gentleman's Maga-
zine for March, 1842.
J. G. N.
The following may be added to the list of pub-
lished wills : —
1441. Robert Large (citizen of London and mercer) Life
and Typography of William Caxton, vol. i. 4to,
London, 1861.
WILLIAM BLADES.
1552. The will of James Bicton, M. A. of Oxford, and Dean
of Kilkenny, Ireland, a very curious document, is
printed iu Cotton's Fatti Ecclesite Hibernice, ii.
407.
1695. The Preamble to the Rev. John Kettlewell's will
in his Life, 1718, 8vo, p. 479.
1714. The will of " the pious" Robert Nelson is printed in
Secretan's Life and Times of Robert Nelson,
p. 281.
• . Dr. Gilbert Burner, Bishop of Salisbury. John
Macky's Characters of the British Nobility. Ap-
pendix I. Second edition, 8vo, 1742.
1740. Mr. Alderman Barber. Printed by Curll, in Life,
Amours, Sfc., of Al(L rman Barber, 1711.
1755. The Deed of Trust and Will of Richard Rawlinson,
of St. John Baptist College, Oxford, Doctor of
Laws. Lond. James Fletcher, 1755, 8vo, pp. 30.
J. Y.
UNPUBLISHED MANUSCRIPT OF WILLIAM
FISKE.
Subjoined are some "scribblings" from the
fly-leaves and broken pages of a folio manuscript
in the possession of Robert Fiske, Esq. of Beccles.
It is chiefly in the handwriting of William Fiske,
of New House, Pakenham, Suffolk, and was writ-
ten, 1G40-4, " after he was 60 years of age." The
volume was designed " for private use," and con-
tains " Notes of Observations for the helpe of un-
derstanding the Holy Scriptures ; following herein
the circumstances of Time, Place, and Person."
This is an elaborate compilation on the chrono-
logy, geography, and history of the Bible, extend-
ing to 312 very closely and neatly- written pages.
Then follows " A Sermon, not printed, preached
the 23rd of November, an. 1634, at Christ's Church
in Dublin by Bishop Bedle, the Bishop of Kil-
inore in Ireland, at a Parliament there." Also
various extracts, and a long argument on the
lawfulness of usury. Further on, upwards of 150
pages are devoted to a digest of universal and
English history, in the same type-like style of
penmanship.
The book was left by William Fiske to his son
Lieut.-Colonel John Fiske, who, in 1655, was the
possessor of Clopton Hall, Rattlesden, Suffolk.
In some vacant leaves, which would have been
filled up by the father, "but death prevented,"
the son has inserted various extracts, remarks,
and rhymes, chiefly on religious subjects. At the
end is a memorandum, dated 20th May, 1680,
by which Colonel Fiske gives the MS. to his son
James Fiske, Rector of Whepstead, Suffolk, an
ancestor of the present possessor.
It is worthy of remark that the industrious
sexagenarian was a layman. His son calls him
" gent.;" and in a modest preface to the "Notes,"
he describes himself as " having neither skill nor a
publique calling."
" A Prophesie found an 100 Years since, in the Abbey of
St. Sennet's.
"If eighty-eight be past, then thrive
Thou maist, till thirty-six or five ;
After the maid is dead, a Scot
Shall governe thee ; and if a plott
Prevent him not, sure then his swayo
Continue shall for many a daye.
The P. shall dye yonge, and the first
P'haps shall raigne ; but oh, accurst
Shall be the time when you shall see
To sixteen ioyned twenty-three;
For then the eagle shall have helpe
By craft to catch the Lyon's \vhelpe,
3rd S. II. Nov. 22, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
405
And hunt him sore, except the same
Be cured by the Mayden's name.
In July month, in that same yeere,
Saturn conioyr.s wth Jupiter:
Perhaps false prophets will arise,
And Mahomet shall play his prise.
But sure much alteration
Shall alter [s«c] in Religion ;
Beleeve this truth, if then thou see
A Spaniard Protestant to bee."
" Instinct and Reason.
" The Great Creator gave to Brutes the light
Of sense and Natural Instinct, that might
Conduct them in a sensuall life; by this
They steere their course, and very rarely missa
Their instituted rule, nor yet reject
Its guidance, or its influence neglect.
But the Creator's great beneficence
Gave unto man, besides the light of sense,
The nobler light of reason, intellect,
And conscience, to governe and direct
His life and actions, and to keep at rights
The motions of his sensuall appetites.
But wretched man unhappily deserts
His Maker's institutions, and perverts
The end of all his bounty, prostitutes
His noble soule, his reason, and his witte ;
And intellect, that in the throne should sit,
Must lacky after lust, and so fulfill
The base commands and pleasures of her will.
And thus the humane Nature's great advance
Becomes its greater ruine, doth inhance
Its guilt : while judgment, reason, witt
Improves the very sinnes it doth comraitte.
Deare Lord, Thy mercy sure must overflowe,
That pardons sins which from Thy bounty grow."
" A Poem on Christmas Daye.
" What ! the Messias borne and shall a daye
Be thought too much expensiveness to paye
To that memoriall? Shall an anniverse
Be kept with ostentation to rehearse
A mortal Prince's daye, or [to] repeato
An Eighty-eight, or Powder plott's defeat,
A Purim, or some petty victory,
Though with the victor's losse or infamy?
And shall wee venture to exterminate
And starve at once the memorie and date
Of CHRIST Incarnate, wherin such a store
Of ioye to mortalls lave, as nere before
The sunne beheld, a treasury of Blisse,
The birthdaye of the world, as well as his?
Ingratefull man! it was for only thee
And for thy restitution, that hee
Did stoope to weare thy raggs, chose a discent
Below himselfe and angells, was content
Thus to assume thy nature, and thereby
His passing Love to thee to magnyfie.
And canst thou thus requite it, or [sic — as ?] to raze
The name it beares, that future ages may
Forgett as well the blessing as the daye?
Deare Lord, when to thy honour I designe
To give a Daye, 'twas what before was thine,
But were it mine, I only paye a debt
To the Remembrance of this benefit."
" ' In religione vera virtus : in virtute vera nobilitas.'
"For true nobillitie standeth in the trade
Of vertuous life, not in the fleshly line
Of nature's race, whose offspring soone doth fade ;
For blood is brute, but Gentry is divine."
" Of Idolaters.
"Ah, wretched they that worship vanities,
And consecrate dumbe Idols in their heart,
Who their owne maker (God on high) despise,
And feare the worke of their owne hand and art.
What furye, what great madnes doth beguile
Men's mindes, that man should ugly shapes adore
Of birds, or bulls, or dragons^ or the vile
Halfe dogge, half man, on knees for aid implore.
Fearfull to thinke, an horrid thinge to tell,
Some serve that blacke Inhabitant of hell."
S. W. BIX.
Beccles.
fSiinav fiates.
WALTER SCOTT'S BURIAL-PLACE. — Accuracy
as to the locality of the burying-place of Sir
Walter Scott seems of sufficient importance to
have a mistake on the subject corrected through
the medium of "N. & Q." In the Edinburgh
Review, No. 228, p. 497 (October, 1860), it is
stated that Dryburgh Abbey, within the precincts
of which his remains lie, is in Roxburghshire,
whereas it is in Berwickshire. This not un-
common error comes from overlooking what is
apparent on inspecting the county maps, — that
the parish of Mertoun in Berwickshire, in which
Dryburgh is situated, forms an interjection of
some miles on the north side of the Tweed, be-
tween those of Melrose and Makerstown, both of
which are in the county of Roxburgh. G.
Edinburgh.
CURIOUS EPITAPH AT COOKHAM, BERKS. —
"In
Memory of
William Hemy Pullen,
Who died the 8th of June, 1813,
Aged 27 years.
" Scarce does the Sun each Morning .rise, and close its
Evening Ray,
Without some human Sacrifice, some tragic Scene dis-
play;
A shocking Accident occur'd, alas, with grief I tell!
The Youth who now lies here inter'd, to Death a Victim
fell.
Well could he drive the Coursers fleet, which oft he'd
drove before ;
When turning round a narrow Street, he fell To rise no
more.
No one commanded more Respect, obliging, kind, and
fair,
None charg'd him with the least neglect, none drove
with greater Care.
He little thought when he arose, the fatal fifth of
June ;
That Morn, his Life's Career would close and terminate
BO soon.
Tho' snatch'd from Earth, we hope and trust he's called
to joys above;
Virtues like -His, so pure, so just, ensure Celestial
Love."
Q. D.
406
NOTES AND QUERIKS.
[3"« S. II. Nov. 22, '62.
Tin; TIIKASK " THAT ACCOUNTS FOE IT." — Mrs.
Richard Trench, in her Diary for July, 1800,
s.iys : —
" I dined also again with the Arnsleins, who I see hate
Austrian government. She is a Prussian, and, according
to the late cant phrate, ' That accounts for it.' " — Remains
of the late Mrs. Richard Trench, p. 80.
C. J. R.
FLY-LEAF SCRIBBUNGS. — On the last leaf of a
" Breeches Bible," edit. 1611, in handwriting of
the period : —
" The peace of God, a quiet life,
A contented mind, a honest wife,
A good reprvrt, a friend in store,
Why should a man have any mere?"
"The peace of quiet life; a contentel minde;
A honest wife; a good reporte; a friend in store;
Why should a man desire more, or have any more? "
On one of Dr. Donne's Sermons (Sermon xlvi.),
e.lit. 1639 :
" Talk of Blooming charms and graces,
All's notion, all's name;
Nothing Differs but their Faces ;
Every woman is the same.
"Anne Herbert, her Booke, 1C50."
On the first page —
41 Elizabeth Morgan, William Morgan, Esq."
UUYTE.
Capetown, S. A.
FRANCE, ITS MUTATIONS SINCE 1789. — The fol-
lowing is a work which has lately appeared in
Paris, and is much read and admired in the lite-
rary circles of that capital : Souvenirs de soixante
Amiees, par Delccluze, chez Levy Fieres, 1862,
12mo. At p. 143, it speaks of the hero of the
piece as having been born February 26, 1781,
and having lived under the governments of —
" Louis XVI., monarque; de Louis XVI., roi constitu-
tionel ; de la l&rc Re'publique; du Directoire; des Trois
Consuls; du Consulat a vie; du premier Empire; de la
l&re Restauration ; des Cents Jours; de la 2<J<= Restaura-
tion ; de Louis-Philippe; de la 2de Re'publique; de la
Pr&idence ; du 2'1 Empire; sans compter les gouverne-
raents intercalates et provisoires."
This appears to me a very good synopsis of the
phases, or various mutations, which the govern-
ment of France has undergone, beginning with
the revolution of 1789 ; and would form a simple
and useful table, if any reader of " N. & Q." would
supply us with the dates of the events chronologi-
cally arranged. QU;KSITUS.
A PUZZLE FOR ANTIQUARIES. — The following
inscription was found on a stone in the Roman
Amphitheatre at Nismca, some forty years ngo : —
" Similiter causaque, ego ambo te, fumant cum de
suis."
It defied the efforts of antiquaries and gram-
marians, until one with more French and less
Latin suggested reading it with a purely French
pronunciation, which immediately solved the mys-
tery. It was —
" Six militaires Cossaqucs, rfgaux en beauttr, fumant
comme des Suisses ! "
Written by a wag during the occupation of
France by the allies. E. F. WILLOUGIUIY.
TELEGRAM. — Why should not this word be
abbreviated into telni, quasi " tell them," " tell-
'em," or "tell him "5* Were tclm commonly
used as an abbreviation, it would doubtless soon
be adopted as a word, which Macaulay's New
Zealander may believe to be pure Anglo-Saxon.
G. O. W.
REINDEER, RAINDEER : ORIGIN OF THE WORD.
Having been accustomed to regard this famous
Laplander as an animal of dravght, I was sur-
prised to learn from a recent Times' correspond-
ence, that the latter mode of spelling had been
sanctioned by so many lexicographer?, ranking
Johnson among its authorities. Bailey adopts,
and Craig admits, raindeer ; but on what ety-
mological grounds? Reindeer, or as I have seen it
synonymed, Rhendeer, = Germ. Renn-thier, q. a
Rennen, to run swiftly, and thier, a wild animal
(Greek, 0//p), a female of the deer kind. Seeing
that this Arctic racer has acquired such wide
turf celebrity, I have been induced to seek from
you, or your readers, its derivation, if the one
already given be incorrect. Perhaps the oracular
wisdom of " N. & Q." may be the means of pre-
venting the recurrence of any golden duels on
the subject. An answer will, at any rate, confer
a favour on your querist.
The reindeer has been known to run with a
light sledge at the rate of nearly nineteen miles
in the hour. One is recorded to have carried an
officer express 800 miles in forty-eight hours, —
a fair illustration of characteristic fleetness ex-
pressed by its German etymon. Ten to one on
Reindeer! F. PUILLOTT.
NAPOLEON QUERIES.
A recent perusal of Mr. Forsyth's very inter-
esting, and to the best of my judgment strictly
impartial, History of Napoleon's Captivity at St.
Helena, has made me desire further elucidation
of the following points : —
1. Napoleon constantly protested against cer-
tain restrictions imposed on him, as going beyond
those usually imposed on prisoners of war. Had
he ever been officially declared a prisoner of war?
Pie also objected, that even had he been one, " les
droits des nations civilisees sur un prisonnier de
guerre fiuissent avec la guerre mume." Was this
objection not valid ? And if not, why not ?
2. Las Cases, towards the end of the Memorial,
asserts that a present of wine, &c., sent by him
from the Cape to Napoleon, was not delivered at
3rd S. II. Nov. 22, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
407
Longwood till after much objection and delay on
the Governor's part. He subsequently asserts,
that the Governor would not allow Napoleon to
receive Hortense's present of Josephine's portrait,
set in glass on purpose to render obviously im-
possible any clandestine communication by means
of it. Mr. Forsyth does not notice these asser-
tions of Las Cases. Could they be disproved or
explained ?
3. Vol. iii. p. 287. Mr. Forsyth states, in a note,
that his reason for saying nothing of the placing
of a crucifix on Napoleon's death-bed pillow, is,
that he finds no mention of the circumstance in
the Lowe papers. He says nothing, either, of
Napoleon's receiving the sacraments. Is it be-
cause the Lowe papers do not allude to that in-
cident, or because the incident itself has been
disproved ?
4. Vol. iii. p. 290. " Sir Hudson Lowe did not
feel authorised to give up the heart to Count
Montholon." Why did he not. feel authorised?
Had not the British government pledged their
word to Napoleon (vol. i. p. 16) that the disposi-
tions of his will should be carried out ?
In addition to the above Queries, I subjoin a
few Notes on points chiefly respecting Napoleon
himself, which seem to me open to further dis-
cussion : —
1. In vol. iii. it appears, that Napoleon ex-
pressed very strong objections to the iron railing
which nearly surrounded the new house built for
him ; he looked on it as an iron cage. The reply
was, that the railing should be continued no'far-
ther if he disliked it; but that this mode of en-
closure would better than any other answer his
convenience, as it did not strike the eye, &c. It
was further observed (on that or some other
occasion), that the railing was such as is cus-
tomary in England round gentlemen's parks. But
the earliest allusion to the railing occurs in vol. i.
p. 151. We there find, in a letter officially ad-
dressed by Sir Hudson Lowe to the minister, a
statement respecting the peculiar difficulty of
guarding Napoleon, owing to the non-enclosure
of Longwood ; this statement is followed by a
request that a very considerable amount of iron
railing may be sent out. And Lord Bathurst, in
a letter to Sir Hudson Lowe (vol. i. p. 313),
speaks of certain methods of vigilance as neces-
sary, especially till the iron railing shall arrive.
No wonder, therefore, that Napoleon should re-
gard his fence as an iron cage.
2. Count Montholon remarked, that Lieutenant
Jackson had had a fortunate escape of being ap-
pointed orderly officer at Longwood ; as, had he
been so, the French there would have infallibly
ruined his reputation — it was their system with
all who came to them. They do not, however,
seem to have always acted on this system. La3
Cases, towards the end of the Memorial, publishes
a letter addressed to him by Count Bertrand, in
which the latter designates the orderly officer first
stationed at Longwood as "le digue Capitaine
Poppleton, dont nous n'avons eu qu'a nous louer."
3. At vol. ii. p. 49, it is noticed as remarkable
that Napoleon seldom alluded to his son. This
observation seems quite inconsistent with the tes-
timony of Gourgaud (vol. iii. p. 393) ; who, after
quitting Longwood, stated to Count Sturmer re-
specting Napoleon : " II parle souvent de son fils,
surtout dernierement." The impression the Me-
morial has left on my mind is in entire accordance
with Gourgaud's testimony.
4. Vol. ii. pp. 263, 264. In a quotation from
Mr. Henry, a contrast is drawn between Napo-
leon's attendance on dying marshals and his ap-
parent neglect of his faithful and attached maitre-
d'hotel, poor Cipriani, who died at St. Helena.
Yet here again, Gourgaud's replies to Count
Sturmer seem to show that Napoleon was habi-
tually more tender to his servants than to his
officers. To the Count's inquiry (vol. iii. p. 394),
"Comment est-il dans son intcrieur?" the an-
swer is, " Excellent pour les domestiques." To
the question, " Quelle est son attitude avec les
personnes de sa suite?" — " Celle d'un souverain
absolu." And the ex-Emperor, in his will, re-
cords of his valet Marchand, " les services qu'il
m'a rend us sont ceux d'un ami :" terms surely
of scarcely less touching gratitude than those in
which he acknowledges the soins flials rendered
him by Count Montholon.
5. Vol. ii. p. 361. In commenting on Lord
Bathurst's speech in parliament, Napoleon states :
" Sir Hudson Lowe endeavoured to induce the
French officers and domestics to abandon Napo-
leon." To which statement the Governor ap-
pends the note : " This is wholly unfounded."
Now I dare say Sir Hudson did not act on his
instructions in this respect, but of the nature of
those instructions there can be no doubt : for
(vol. i. p. 190) Lord Bathurst wrote to him : "I
hope you will have been able to reduce very much
the number of attendants on General Bonaparte,
by encouraging the disposition several must have
felt to return home." Must have felt! No won-
der their master, speaking of their devotion to
him, added the indignant comment Las Cases re-
cords : " Tant pis pour ceux qui ne sauraient
comprendre cette conduite."
6. Vol. iii. p. 294. We are told that, after the
dissection of Napoleon's body, Bertrand objected
to Antommarchi signing the medical report ; on
the alleged ground, that he would never consent
to any attendant of Nnpoleon's signing a docu-
ment in which the imperial title was omitted.
Mr. Forsyth adds, "the real reason, no doubt,
wa?," that the report stated the cause of death to
be cancer ; whereas the French wished to reserve
the power of asserting it to be the climate. Yet
408
NOTES AND QUERIES.
S. II. Nov. 22, '62.
there seems some evidence that the real reason
was the alleged one. Bertrand, the very next
day, in writing to Cardinal Fesch, and to some
one else, himself attributes his master's death to
cancer in the stomach; thus showing he had then
no wish to put forward any other cause. And as
respects the force of the reason itself: Napoleon
had once forbidden his suite to sign an official
declaration in which he was not styled Emperor,
on the express ground that he would not have
hid own hands used to degrade him ; and they
signed at last, only because removal from Long-
wood would have been the consequence of their
persisting in their refusal. No such consequence
was to be dreaded now ; and Napoleon's wishes
were invested with the additional sacredness of
death. Again, from the orderly officer's account
(vol. iii. p. 211), we incidentally learn that Ber-
trand had peculiarly clung to the imperial etiquette,
keeping his hat in his hand while walking with
Napoleon in the garden. This Montholon did
not do.
7. Vol. iii. pp. 302, 304, 305. Mr. Forsyth ob-
serves of Napoleon : " He seems to have been
unfortunate in the choice of his companions in
exile. ... it may be doubted whether he would
have tolerated men more truthful and indepen-
dent," &c. Doubted, of course, it may be ; but
there seems some probability that he would. Vol.
iii. p. 294, we find Gourgaud saying to Count j
Stiirmer : " Ce n'est ni Bertrand ni Montholon
qu'il fallait k 1'Empereur. C'est le Due de Rovigo
(Savary), le Due de Bassano, des hommes h, ca-
raciere enfin, qui lui eussent empeche de faire des
sottises." Now (vol. iii. p. 258) Napoleon, in an
official note, mentions this very Duke de Rovigo
as one he would receive with pleasure as succes-
sor to Bertrand or Montholon. And his original
choice cannot here be objected : for the British
government had expressly excepted Savary from
the permitted objects of that choice.
MABIA F. ROSSETTI.
QUOTATIONS, REFERENCES, ETC.
I have very gratefully to thank J. L. G., F. C. H.,
and E. M., for their prompt help in former quo-
tations, &c., wanted. May I indulge the hope
that others may yet be traced for me. (See 3rd S.
ii. 30G.) I take the liberty to send a few more ;
and in doing so may explain that what I have
sent, and now send, and may still send, are mere
residua of many thousands which I have myself
expiscated : —
Schoolmen.
1. Man hath thus added to his dignity to know it.
And this is given him, as a Schoolman eaith, that he
may rejoice in what he hath and in Him that gave it.
[The earlier thought seems a reminiscence of Pascal :
but who is the Schoolman?]
Baroniut.
2. But should I tell thee what is paid of Ilironius and
some others; and what might be said of the honour of
that calling [of the "ministry."] [Any reference to
Baronius "on the calling " of the " minister"?]
A Latin Postiller.
8. A Latin Postiller upon that in Exodus xxx. 31,
where it is said, Thou shalt anoint Aaron, his son?, &.<-.,
because it is said (v. 32) upon man's flesh it shall not Le
poured: thence infers, in an hyperbolical sense, th ••
priests are angels, not having human flesh. [Who was
this Latin postiller or commentator?]
4. Cephas and Paul are servants of the Church, and I
that am Peter's successor am so; but yet he stamps in
his coin, " That nation and country that will not serve
thee shall be rooted out" [Authority?]
5. As a wise philosopher could say, that man is the
end of all things in a semicircle. [Who?]
6. That terrible of teriibles, as the philosopher saith of
death. [Who?]
Ambrose.
7. And, therefore, as St. Ambrose, If thou hast not
nourished one: however, in the law thou art not a mur-
derer, yet before God thou art. [Reference?]
Bernard.
8. As Bernard saith, Donum Del sine Deo — they have
the gift of God without God. [Reference?]
9. As Bernard saith, I go willindy to a Mediator made
bone of my bone ; my brother. [Reference?]
10. Saith St. Bernard, Oh! love that art so sweet,
why becamest Thou so bitter to Thysulf ?
11. Licitis perimus omnes, it is an ordinary speech : we
all perish by lawful things. [Any reference for this
saying?]
12. Dum patitur vincit, etc. — When he suffers he con-
quers. [Reference?]
13. The modeste.it and learnedest Jesuit of late times,
speaking of this argument of Christ saith, If the
Pope say otherwise, his authority were more to me than
the definition of all the holy Fathers: nay, saith he, I
say with Paul, If an angel, &c. [Query, Bellarmine?
Any reference ? ]
Augustine.
14. As St. Austin saith, Surely he was no king, who
feared he should be a king.
15. Learn on earth that that will abide in heaven,
saith Austin.
1C. Take all from me, saith Austin, so Thou leave me
Thyself.
17. As Austin saith, Wicked men have the Spirit of
God knocking, and he would fain enter .... but God's
children have the Spirit entering, dwelling, resting there.
Bellarmine.
18. The Papists would have Christ a beggar. Bellar-
mine, to countenance begging friar?, would have Christ
to be so. [Reference?]
Chrysostom.
19. Therefore He, Christ, was a principal (as Chrysos-
tom saith) with a principal. He differ:) nothing from the
Father. [Reference?]
Salvian.
20. We give it to Christ in them, as Salvianus saith :
Christ doth hide himself under the person of the poor.
21. Homo turn, said Salvian, tecreta Dei non intelligo.
[Reference?]
Tlieodnsius.
22. Be therefore of Theodosius, his mind : Value thy-
3rd S. II. Nov. 22, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
409
self according to thy measure in grace and assurance of
salvation..
23. The Philosopher saith: There is nothing in the
understanding but it came into the senses. [This, writ-
ten before 1635, long preceded Locke. Who is the
philosopher?]
24. Nature, therefore, is against Atheism, as one ob-
serves, that naturally men run to God in extremity.
[Any references, various, will be acceptable.]
25. It was the speech of a heathen : We are best when
we are weakest. [Who?]
26. The saying is true : Qui nlmis amat, nimis dolet.
[Reference?]
r.
GOISFRID ALSELIN OR HANSELIN. — I shall be
greatly obliged by information respecting the fa-
mily and descendants of this follower of William
the Conqueror. He possessed extensive lands in
the north of England, but I do not know for what
length of time he enjoyed them. C. J. R.
BOOK OF COMMON PRAYER : PRAYER FOR THE
CHURCH MILITANT, — In a 12mo edition of the
Book of Common Prayer, which was printed at
Edinburgh by Sir D. Hunter Blair and J. Bruce,
1824, the prayer for the Church Militant, in the
Holy Communion Service, commences: "Al-
mighty and everlasting God." I have examined
many copies of all sorts of dates and editions, but
this is the only instance in which I have dis-
covered "everlasting" substituted for "everliv-
ing," the authorised word. It seems, therefore, that
" everlasting" is a printer's error. As, however,
it may occur in other editions, I should be glad
to see any such examples noted in your pages.
SIGMA- TAU.
THOMAS CAMPBELL. — In The Collegian (Glas-
gow, 1827), it is said that, " Campbell, when in Glas-
gow College, published his first poetical piece in the
form of a small pamphlet, price sixpence, and
some of the subscribers to this profound specula-
tion are still to be found in Glasgow." Is the
correct title of this curiosity known to any of the
present generation ? J. O.
LA CAMORRA. — My late friend Rossetti, when
treating of the Fehm-gerichte in his Mistero dell'
Amor Platonico, &c., says in a note (p. 677) : —
" From my earliest to my ripest years, I have always
heard tell in Italy, of a society like this anciently existing
there, and termed Beati Pauli, perhaps because they were
Paulicians ; but with all the inquiries I was able to make,
history has thrown no light on them, and has not even
retained their name."
Now, as evil institutions, civil and religious,
are often merely deteriorations and corruptions of
good ones, is there not a possibility that the odious
Camorra of Naples may be the degenerate off-
spring of this former Italian Fehm-gericht ? The
subject seems to me worth inquiring into, by
some one who has the means and opportunity.
THOS. KEIGHTLEY.
DARTMOUTH ARMS. — Can any of your readers
inform me what was the origin of the very quaint
arms of the town of Dartmouth, viz. A king in a
boat, supported on either side by a lion rampant?
And at what period were they granted to the
town? A lion also may be seen carved fre-
quently, not only in the curious old church, but
also on old houses in the town. The old Norman
family of Pomeroy were seated in the neighbouring
castle of Berry Pomeroy. Their arms were a
lion rampant. Had their arms and name (Pome-
roy) anything to do with these arms of Dart-
mouth ? Is there any legend attached to them ?
M. W.
OWEN FITZ-PEN, alias PHIPPEN. — In the
summer of 1859, while on a yacht cruise in the
British Channel, I, with some other friends, ran
into Falmouth harbour, and thence up the river
Fal to Truro. In St. Mary's Church in that
town I observed some curious antiquities, and
copied some epitaphs. In the north aisle, in let-
ters partly Roman, is this very curious history : —
" To the pious and well deserved memory
of Owen Fitz-Pen, alias Phippen,
who travelled over many parts of the
world, and on the 24 March, 1620, wag
taken by the Turkes, and made a
captive in Argier. He projected sundry
plots for his libertie, and on ye
17 June li;27, with 10 other Christian
captives, Dutch and French, persuaded
by his counsel and courage, he
began a cruel fight with 65 Turkes
in their owne ship — which lasted three hours —
in which 5 of his company were
slaine ; yet God made him captaine,
and so he wrought the ship into Cartagcne>
being of 500 Tuns and 22 ordce.
The king sent for him to Madrid to see
him, he was profered a captaines'-
place and the K» favour if he would
turn papist, which he refused. He sold
all for 6.000Z. returned into England
And died at Lamoran 17th March, 1630.
" Melscombe in Dorset was his place of birth
Age 54, and here lies earth in earth.
t" Geo Fitz-Pen alias Phippen
Ipsius frater et hujus ecclesia; Rector, H.M.P.''*
Can any reader of " N. & Q." give me further
information respecting the hero of this epitaph
and his exploit, which seems more marvellous
than the recapture of the " Emily S. Pierre "
from the U. S. cruiser in last spring?
T. W. BELCHER, M.D.
Cork.
HERALDIC QUERIES. — Required, the arms ot
Sweyne of Binfield, co. Berks ; and of Beacons-
field, co. Bucks?
[* This epitaph is printed in Lysons's Cormvall, iii. 312,
and in the Beauties of England and Wales, ii. 436.— ED.]
410
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"« S. II. N..v. .'2, '62.
An impression of the book-plate of Dr. Edward
Young, author of the Night Thoughts f
The arms of D'Arcy, co. York, as borne by one
of the family who was a knight banneret in the
reign of Charles I., and is said to have been after-
wards created a baronet.
FREDERICK GEORGE LEE.
Aberdeen, N.B.
THE MARTYR'S PENNY : THE SUET PENNY. —
In looking over Simeon Ruytinck's MS. Annali
of the Dutch Church in Austin Friars, I find a
notice in 1563 of " The Martyr's Penny in Zea-
land," and I am desirous of knowing what it al-
ludes to. Among the churchwarden's accounts of
Henley, I find a notice in 1554 of the Suet Penny :
" Itm, payd at Myhelmas the suet peny - ld."
I shall be glad if one of your correspondents
will enlighten me on this subject also.
JOHN S. CORN.
The Grove, Henley.
THE LORD MAYOR OP DUBLIN, 1862. — The
Hon. John Prendergast Vereker, M.A., Barrister-
at-Law (second son of the present Lord Viscount
Gort), has been elected by a majority of the Cor-
poration of the city of Dublin, at a meeting held
on the 1st November, 1861, to fill the office of
Lord Mayor during the year 1862; and it is, I
think, almost the only instance of a son of a peer
or peeress of the realm, being placed, by a popular
election, in such a position. Can any reader of
" N. & Q." supply parallel cases ? The only one,
so far as I am at present aware, is that of the
Hon. Thomas Henry Skeffington, son of Mar-
garetta, Viscountess Ferrard (whom he suc-
ceeded in 1824), who served as Mayor ofDrog-
heda in 1816. ABHBA.
SIR HUGH MYDDLETON. — I have two letters by
Sir Hugh Myddleton, a captain in the navy, dated
1713 nnd 1714. Was he the grandson, or great-
grandson of the Sir Hugh, the projector of the
New River? Nothing can be learned fromBurke's
Extinct Baronetage. I have also a letter of Anna
Myddleton (endorsed Lady Middleton), addressed
to "the Honmblc Gentm" (probably the Commis-
sioners of the Navy), complaining that she cannot
procure the Michaelmas payment of her pension
of 601. per annum, granted by his majesty for the
support of herself and child, through the alteration
of the style, and being in the greatest distress for
want thereof. Dated from Chigwell, Nov. 20,
1752. Who was she ? BIBLIOPHILE.
JOHN MILTON'S WORKS. — When reading a
biographical sketch of the late Edward Hill, M.D.,
Regius Professor of Medicine, Trinity College,
Dublin, in Wills' s Lives of Illustrious and Distin-
guished Irishmen, vol. vi. pp. 471 — 473, I met
with the following paragraph, which deserves, I
think, to find admission into " N. & Q." : —
" At an early period of his life [having been born in
17-11] he became passionately fond of Milton's works,
particularly the Paraditc Lost; and having discovered
that numerous alterations and mistakes wore made in
every edition of that divine poem, through the careless-
ness of editors and printers, he procured a copy of every
edition, and determined on correcting them in'an edition
to be edited by himself. He began this laborious task
about the year 17G9, and made it the business of spare
hours from medical attendance. He compiled a most
laborious index of all the words, a prolegomena, a critical
examination of French translations, and a number of
notes of his own, of Newton and others, and went over
this laborious work several times in a most beautiful
style of writing, both as to composition and penmanship,
and was engaged in that work to within a short time
before his death [which took place on the 31st October,
1830, in his 90th year] ; but unfortunately his labours
have not been brought to press, though many exertions
have been made to attain that object."
Can you, or any of your correspondents, supply
information regarding Dr. Hill's MSS. ? Where
are they at present ? Have any exertions been
made to bring them to press since the publication
of Mr. (now Dr.) Wills' s sixth volume in the
year 1845? and with what result? Doubtless
they well deserve attention, inasmuch as, " in
literary attainments, Dr. Hill stood unrivalled
among his contemporaries, a highly accomplished
scholar, in Greek, Latin, French, and Italian, in
grammatical composition and elegance of expres-
sion no man could excel him. From extensive
reading he was well acquainted with every sub-
ject and science, and possessed a great share of
mechanical ingenuity." ABHBA.
LORD PIGOT'S MARRIAGE. — Under the head of
Vicount Galway, you will read in any Peerage,
that the Hon. Edward Monckton, son of John,
first Viscount Galway, married, in 1776, the Hon.
Sophia Pigot, daughter of George, Baron Pigot,
of Patshull. In the Extinct Peerage no mention
is made of Lord Pigot's having married ; and it is
stated that he died without issue. Can any of your
readers inform me whom he married, and whether
he had any further issue, besides the above-men-
tioned daughter, Sophia? II. M. W.
POEMS. — Nearly fifty years ago, a friend of
mine remembers reading two very cleverly writ-
ten ballads ; but at this distance of time forgets
both the authors' names, and the date of publica-
tion. One commenced, " Lords of creation men
we call ;" and the other was a dialogue between
Body and Mind.
If, through the medium of your publication,
you could refer me to any party who possesses
these ballads, I should be exceedingly obliged?
JOHN WHITTIXGTON.
Bath.
[" The Dialogue between Body and Mind," is by Mis.
Elizabeth Carter, see her Poems, ii. 39, edit. 1808; and
Gentleman's Magazine, xi. 46. " Lords of Creation, men
we call," must remain a Query.]
3rJ S. II. Nov. 22, '62. ]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
411
PORTLAND ISLAND. — The following is an ex-
tract from the letter of a friend, received some
years since : —
" From time immemorial this island has been in-
habited by the fine old Saxon race, who have inter-
married solely with each other without degenerating.
The men now are all above six feet, and the women in
due proportion. They all bear the name either of Stone
or Pearce, and are esteemed a ' rough and ready race.1 "
If any reader of " N. & Q." can corroborate
these statements or refute them, I shall feel
obliged. Being so contrary to the received
opinion respecting frequent intermarriages, this
exceptional case, if true, is curious ; but my cor-
respondent, a lady, may have made her state-
ments too hastily. M. F.
THE PHESTON GUILD. — Our attention has
lately been called to this ancient institution, but
I have not seen any allusion to anything similar
in other English towns, if there be such. Now,
in my younger days, I often heard described a
civic procession -which used to take place in
Dublin exactly resembling the procession of the
trades at Preston. It was called Riding the
Fringes (z. e. Franchises), a name corresponding
to the Preston Guild, and it ceased, I believe,
during the American war. A full account of it
will, I presume, be found in any of the histories
of Dublin. K.
QUOTATION. — Where does Coleridge say : —
" He who begins by loving Christianity better than
truth, will proceed by loving his own sect or chnrch
better than Christianity, and end in loving himself
better than all ? "
F.
SAMUEL ROWE. — John Bradsbaw, president on
the trial of Charles I., by his will bequeathed " an
annuity of 40£., for seven years, to Samuel Rowe,
gent., his secretary, for maintaining him at Gray's
Inn," &c. Did the said S. Rowe enter himself of
Gray's Inn, and pursue his studies ? If not, what
became of him ? Was he the son of Owen Rowe,
the regicide ? Did he not receive an Oxford M.A.
degree at the time that that University conferred
the hon. degree of Doctor of Laws on Cromwell
and Fairfax, and that of M.A. on sundry others ?
Was not there a Samuel Rowe admitted to the
Hackney almshouses at a time allowing of its
being the same individual, and was it he ? If so,
is it known when he died ? THOS. BENSLEY.
Trevandrum, South India.
STATURE OF A MAN FROM HIS SKELETON. — I
should be much obliged to any one who will
point out the best mode of ascertaining the pro-
bable stature of a man by means of his skeleton.
In Batemnn's Ten Years1 Diggings in Celtic
and Saxon Grave Hills, there are many instances
mentioned of thigh bones of great length. Now
it seems to me that probably the stature of the
men may be calculated from their thi^h bones.
If any one could say what was the ordinary length
of the thigh-bone of a man of the average stature,
say 5 feet 8 inches, then, by the rule of three, the
stature of any man might be found by means of his
thigh-bone; for the length of the thigh-bone of
the man of ordinary stature would be to the
length of the thigh-bone of the skeleton, as 5 feet
8 to the required height of the dead man.
Or possibly the thigh-bone may bear such a
proportion to the height of the man as may enable
one to find that height. I rather think the thigh-
bone is something more than a fourth of the
height.
At Madame Tussaud's, in Baker Street, there
are the thigh-bone and tibia of Luskin the Rus-
sian giant, who is said to have been 8 feet 5 ; the
thigh-bone is 26 inches long, and the tibia 22, if
I rightly remember.
It frequently happens that only some of the
bones are found entire in a barrow, and, therefore,
I should be thankful for any suggestion for finding
the height by means of more than one bone.
I am well aware that the length of the bones in
men of the same height varies considerably, and
therefore all that can be ascertained in any way
will only be the probable height.
C. S. GREAVES.
REV. J. WEBBE. — The English version of
Haydn's Seasons is by the Rev. J. Webbe, who is
also author of Timotheo, a musical piece. Can you
give me any information regarding the author?
R. INGLIS.
JAMES WHITAKER, a Nonconformist minister of
Whitchurch, and afterwards of Ringwood, Hants,
is said to have been a grandson of Alicia Lisle,
who in 1685 suffered death under the merciless
sentence of Judge Jeffreys. Evidence and par-
ticulars of this family relationship would be thank-
fully received through your columns by D. B.
BRADSIIAW THE REGICIDE. — Treeton church
possesses considerable interest to the antiquary,
and appears to have been built in the thirteenth
century. It is situated in the North [West?]
Riding of Yorkshire, nearly bordering on Derby-
shire. A stone in the chancel of this church con-
tains the following inscription, which may interest
some of the readers of " N. & Q." : —
"Hie jacet Edwardus Bradsbaw, armiger, in occiduo
cinere expectans eum cui nomen est oriens. Qui XXH .
die Decemb. JI.D.C.LXV. occubuit."
Hunter, the historian, says : —
" A common opinion at Treeton is that this stone covers
the remains of President John Bradshaw, who is sup-
posed to have retired to this obscure village at the
412 NOTES AND QUERIES.
[8fd S. II. Nov. 22, '62.
suggestion of William Walker, his accomplice in that
deed of guilt and blood, who had found a secure asylum
in the neighbouring village of Darnall.
"Village tradition, fruitful in expedients, assigns as
the reason of Edward and not John appearing on the stone,
that the true name was suppressed to save the reliques of
so obnoxious a man from posthumous indignities. But
there was a family of the name of Bradshaw possessing
considerable property at Brampton in this parish, of
whom there are other memorials in the church of Tree-
ton, to whom doubtless this Edward Bradshaw be-
longed."
The body of John Bradshaw, who presided at
the trial of Charles I., and passed sentence of
death upon the king, was, I believe, buried in
Westminster Abbey with great pomp ; but was
disinterred after the Restoration, and the head
struck off, and placed upon a pole. He died Nov.
22nd, 1659.
Edward Bradshaw, according to the inscription,
was a military inun ; but John Bradshaw, the
president, was a lawyer. Perhaps some of the
readers of " N. & Q." may be able to state what
family John Bradshaw descended from, the place
of his birth, and what afterwards became of the
body. A.
[John Bradshaw, the lawyer, was a younger son of
Henry Bradshaw of Marple Hall, in the parish of Stock-
port in Cheshire: his mother was Catherine, daughter
and co-heir of Ralph Winuington, Esq. of Offerton. For
a pedigree of the family see Ormerod's Cheshire, iii. 408.
The remains of John Bradshaw, with those of Cromwell
and Ireton, will more probably be found beneath No. 49,
Connaught Square, which stands on the site of the Ty-
burn gallows, than in the church of Treeton. His pom-
pous burial first in Westminster Abbey, the disinterment
of his body, his decapitation, and reburial under Tyburn
gallows, were events of public notoriety at the time. Our
gossiping diarist, Samuel Pepys, notes on the 30th Jan.
1660 61, <;To my Lady Batten's, where my wife and she
are lately come back again from being abroad, and see-
ing of Cromwell, Ireton, and Bradshaw, hanged and
buried at Tyburne." Rugge, too, in his Diurnal, informs
us, that "This morning (Jan. 30) the carcases of Crom-
well, Ireton, and Bradshaw (which the day before had
been brought from the Red Lion Inn in Holborn) were
drawn on a sledge to Tyburn, and then taken out of their
coffins, and in their shrouds hanged by the neck, until
the going down of the sun. They were then cut down,
their heads taken off, and their bodies buried in a grave
under the gallows. The coffin in which was the body of
Cromwell was a very rich thing, very full of gilded
hinges and nails."]
DRAMATIC QDERIES. — 1. Is the Stratagem (it
contains the character of Aimwell), which was
frequently played during the last half of the last
century, Farquhar's play of the Beaux Stratagem f
If not, who was its author, and when was it pro-
duced ?
2. Is The Life and Death of Sir Walter Raleigh,
which was performed at Drury Lane Theatre on
the 14th December, 1789, the same as Sir Walter
Raleigh: a Tragedy, by George Sewell, 1719,
mentioned in Watt's Bibliolheca Britannica f If
not, who was its author, and when and where
it produced ?
3. The Modern Wife, or The Money Wife, was
produced at Covent Garden Theatre, April ~27 ,
1771. My MS. note of it says, "A play by G
I cannot, however, find that Gay ever wrote a
play by that title ; and if he did, as he died in
1732, how came it to be so long in getting before
the public ? The Modern Wife, a novel, was pub-
lished in 1770. Was the play founded on it?
Was it written by Gay the poet, or any other
Gay ? What is the correct title of the play ?
4. Does the character of Sir John Trolley
occur in The Haunted Tower (1789), by James
Cobb, Secretary to E. I. C. ? If not, can you
inform me in what play it does occur ?
5. In Dr. Doran's Habits and Men (I know not
what page) an anecdote of Bensk-y as the Ghost of
Henry VI. in Richard III. is related. The same
anecdote — minus some embellishments — I find in
Barham's Life of Theodore Hook, where the re-
presentative of departed niiijesty is said to have
been " poor old Murray," and " the wicked low
comedian" who " played off the mischievous
prank," " Jack Johnstone, commonly known as
Irish Johnstone, the original Dennis Brulgrud-
dery." The Rev. R. H. D. Barbara states he
finds it in his father's note-book, bearing the date
of August, 1839. What authority had the Dr.
for the substitution of names ? Will you kindly
give me the page of his book on which it is to be
found, and tell me the date of publication of his
volume ? THOMAS BENSLBT.
Trevandrum, South India.
[1. Farquhar's Beaux Stratagem contains the character
of Aimwell, and was first acted at the Haymarket Thea-
tre, March 8, 1707. (Genest's History of the Stage, ii. 365.)
2. Both titles relate to the same tragedy, Sir Walter
Raleigh, by George Sewell, first acted at Lincoln's Inn
Fields, Jan. 16, 1719, and revived at Drury Lane, Dec. 14,
1789, but only acted one night.
3. The Mortem Wife is a comedy altered from Gay's
Distressed Wife, and was not acted the second time.
4. The character of Sir John Trotley occurs in Gar-
rick's farce Bon Ton ; or High Life above Stairs, acted
with The Haunted Tower at Drury Lane, May 7, 1791.
5. The anecdote will be found in Dr. Doran's Habits and
Men, p. 62, Second Edition, 1855, and was clearly nar-
rated from memory. Dr. Doran says, " a better illustra-
tion of stage costume is afforded us of (I think, Bensley.)
He had to play Henry VI. in Richard the Third," &c. ]
PIED PIPER OF HAMELEN. —
" The story of the Pyed Piper, that first by his pipe
gathered together all the rats and mice, and drowned
them in the river; and afterwards, being defrauded of his
reward, which the town promised him if he could free
them from those vermin, took his opportunity, and by
the same pipe made the children of the town follow him ;
and, leading them into a hill which opened, buried them
there all alive, hath so evid-nt a proof of it in the town
of Ilammel, where it was done, that it ought not to be
discredited. For the fact is very religiously kept among
their ancient records, painted also in their church
3rd S, II. Nov. 22, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
413
windows, and is an epochejoyned with the year of our Lord
in their bills and indentures, and other law instruments.'" —
Dr. H. More, Antidote against Atheism, p. 100. London,
1G7-2.
I shall be obliged by any reference to the date
of the " epoche," and still more by evidence of its
use in law instruments. E. R.
[The legend of the Pied Piper, or " Tibicen Oranicolor,"
recited at some length by Master Richard Verstegan in
his Restitution of Decayed Intelligence in Antiquities, p. 69,
ed. 1655, has given rise to much controversy, in which
learned men have taken part on both sides. The chief
upholder of the story in its integrity was perhaps
Erichius, in his Exodus Himelensis, a work written ex-
pressly on the subject. The leading opponent is beyond
a question Martin Schooclc, in his Fabula Hamelensis.
The legendary part of the narrative remains, to be cre-
dited or rejected. The historical statement, that the fact
was made an epoch in public documents conjointly with
the year of Our Lord, rests on very inadequate autho-
rity, and cannot, we fear, be vindicated. Kirchner, in-
deed, a learned Jesuit, says ambiguously, that it was the
custom of the town to reckon their years (" annos suos
computare,") from the exit of our children (" a filiorum
nostrorum exitu"). But here he says nothing about
any public documents bearing such a date. Weir states
only that such dating was the practice of the older magis-
trates : " Vetustior prseterea Magistratus in historic hujus
confirmationem suis codicillis publicis inscribere solet
conjunctim, Anno Christi, etc., et exitus puerorura
anno," etc. Schoock, however, stoutly denies the fact of
any such epoch : " Epocbae rationem apnd Hameleuses
non habuit annus exitus puerorum."
Verste_gan's date of the "tragedy" is the 22nd day of
July, 1376, but the one most generally given is the 2(Jth
June, 1284. Robert Browning, in his very amusing versi-
fication of the story (Poems, ii. 306, ed." 1849), makes it
" About five hundred years ago ; " and the different nar-
ratives of the event vary considerably.
With respect to the period when, if ever, any public
use of the date commenced, we have nothing to say.
Nor do we find it stated by any writer, on either side of
the question, that he ever saia any public document bear-
ing the alleged date. Harenberg maintains, according
to Zedler, that a number of Hamelen children, who were
carried away captive {in a contest with the Bishop of
Minden, never returned to their native land, and so gave
occasion to the tradition that they had been swallowed
up alive. The Bishop of Minden, at the period in ques-
tion, was Conrad II.
We may also remark that the German pfeiffen, to pipe,
signified also to decoy, to entice, to inveigle. "Allego-
rice est allicere " ( Wackier}. So also in French : " Gallis
piper allicere, decipere, sensu ab aucupio desumpto." (/&.)
Thus perhaps we get to the bottom of the Hamelen myth,
so far as relates to the children's being spirited away by a
piper.
As all the mischief came from not paying the " Tibicen
Omnicolor " his just dues for drowning the rats, have we
not here a curious illustration of our own beautiful ver-
nacular? "PAY THE PIPER," we would submit, is the
moral of the whole story, and which we beg leave to
tender, at this late day, to our Hong Kong correspondent
as a reply to his unanswered Query respecting this fami-
liar saying in our 1st S. viii. 198.]
" ARTHUR O' BRADLEY." — Can you give any
information as to an old ballad called "The Wed-
ding of Arthur O' Bradley," in which the bride-
groom and the affiancee mutually give a list of
their possessions in amusing doggrel, of which I
only remember a few lines : —
" My father in his will left me all,
When Death does him call,
Some good old looms,
With a dozen of wooden spoons :
And a dozen of buttons hanging upon a string,
One left-hand mitten, and an old curtain ring."
H. M.
[A copy of this amusing ditty is preserved among the
Roxburgiie Ballads, iii. 283, in the British Museum. It
commences —
" All in the merry month of May
The maids a May-pole they will have," &c.
It makes between eight}' and ninety line?, and has pro-
bably been reprinted in various collections of Comic
Songs. There are two other ballads of " Arthur O'Brad-
ley," one of an earlier, and the other of a later date,
noticed by Mr. Chappell in his admirable work, Popular
Music of Olden Time, ii. 539. A parody on " Arthur
O'Bradley's Wedding " was written by Mr. Taylor, and
adapted by S. Hale, and published about 1807.1
GEORGE EDWARDS, F.R.S. — Can you oblige
me with information as to whether George Ed-
wards (who, it appears, was born at Stratford in
Essex, in 1700 and odd, afterwards was appren-
ticed to a woollen-draper! in Fenchurch Street, in
the city of London, and eventually, after the lapse
of some few years in travelling abroad, became the
librarian to the Royal College of Physicians) was
ever married, and whether lie had any and what
children, and their names ? He was the author
of one or two works on Natural History. Any in-
formation respecting him will much oblige. I
wish to know his present representative if possible.
Is there any good history of Essex published,
and where may it be obtained ? T. F.
[George Edwards, the eminent naturalist, was born at
Stratford on April 3, 1693, died a bachelor on July 23,
1773, aged eighty-one, and was interred in the south-
east part of the churchyard of West Ham, Essex, where
his executors have placed a memorial stone. A print of
Mr. Edwards, engraved by J. S. Miller in 1754, after a
painting by Dandridge, is considered a most striking
likeness. Mr. Edwards left two sisters, to whom he be-
queathed the fortune acquired by assiduous application
to his favourite pursuits ; they died, not long after their
brother, within a few hours of each other, and were
buried together. For other particulars consult Some Me-
moirs of the Life and Works of George Edwards, 1786, 4to ;
Nichols's Literary Anecdotes, v. 317-323, and any bio-
graphical Dictionary. The History of Essex has been
written by Salmon," Morant, Mailman, Tindal, Ogborue,
Wright, and Suckling.]
JESUITS. — Who is the author of A History of
the Jesuits, to which is prefixed a reply to Mr.
Dallas's Defence of that Order ? The work was
published by Messrs. Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy
in 1816, and is dedicated to the Right Honourable
Charles Abbott, Speaker of the House of Com-
Q r»
mons. »• v.
[By John Poynder, Esq., an excellent lay member of
the Church of England, whose labours in the cause of
414
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. Nov. 22, '62.
religion and humanity were of the most vital importance
to England and India. To him we are mainly indebted for
the prohibition of Suttees, and the abolition of the Pilgrim
Tax. Mr. Poynder died on March 10, 1849, at Montpelier
House, South Lambeth, in his seventieth year. For a
biographical account of him, with a list of his publica-
tions, see The Christian Observer for May, 1849, pp. 354-
357.]
SIB BENJAMIN HAMMET. — Is there any ac-
count of this knight, who lived during the latter
part of the last century, to be found in any maga-
zine or other work ? LLALLAWG.
[Sir Benjamin Ilammet, Knt, M.P. for Taunton, died
at his seat at Castlcmalgwyn, Wales, on July 22, 1800.
See a notico of him in the Gent. Mag. for August, 1800,
p. 798.]
CART'S " ITINERARY." — When did Gary sur-
render the sceptre to Bradshaw ? in other words,
what is the date of the latest edition of Gary's
Itinerary f The first edition bears date 1798, and
the fifth, 1812. LITHGOW.
[\Ve have not met with a later edition of Gary's Itine-
rary than that of 1820, which is the tenth.]
QUOTATION. — I should be obliged by a reference
to the following line : —
" But to destruction sacred and devote."
GHARLES BEKE.
[See Milton's Paradise Lost, book hi., line 208.]
BISHOP PORTEUS AND GEORGE III.
(3rd S. ii. 361.)
That popular essayist, A. K. H. B., must be
deemed responsible for the passage cited bv the
Patriot and by X. A. X., as it forms part of an
article entitled " Getting On," which appeared
under his signature in the number of Good Words
for September, 1862. It is somewhat curious that
Mr. Boyd is not the only writer who has singled
out Bishop Porteus's production as the creme de la
creme of the post-mortem eulogiums which were
lavished on our second George.. The laudatory
powers of the reverend poet seem to have struck
Mr. Thackeray as being even more remarkable
than those displayed by. the other loyal divines of
the period whom the death-knell of the monarch
awoke to the consciousness of his transcendent
virtues. Some of the most characteristic remarks
in the lectures on the Four Georges are those
which we beg permission to transplant to the
pages of " N. & Q.," because we think that some
who take an interest in the Porteus question may
not dislike to be reminded of the existence of such
a passage, and because we imagine that X. A. X.
may not object to be made acquainted with an
episcopal outpouring which, to say the least, is the
very quintessence of the de mortuis nil nisi bonum
principle : —
"On the 25th day of October, 17GO, he (George II.)
being then in the seventy-seventh year of his age, ami tlu-
thirty-fourth of his reign, his page went to take him his
royal chocolate, and, behold! the most religious and
gracious king was lying dead on the floor. They went
and fetched Walmoden ; but Walmoden could not wako
him. The sacred Majesty was but a lifeless corpse. The
Hng was dead: God save the king! But, of course, poets
and clergymen decorously bewailed the late one. Here
are some artless verses in which an English divine de-
plored the famous departed hero, and over which you
may cry or you may laugh, exactly as your humour
suits: —
' While at his feet expiring faction lay,
No contest left but who should best obey ;
Saw in his offspring all himself renewed ;
The same fair path of glory still pursued ;
Saw to young George Augusta's care impart
Whate'er could raise and humanise the heart;
Blend all his grandsire's virtues with his own,
And form their mingled radiance for the throne —
No further blessing could ou earth be given —
The next degree of happiness was — heaven.'
" If he had been good, if he had been just, if he had
been pure in life and wise in council, could the poet have
said much more? It was a parson who came and wept
over this grave, with Walmoden sitting on it, and claimed
heaven for the poor old man slumbering below. Here
was one who had neither dignity, learning, morals, nor
wit; who tainted a great society by a bad example ; who
in youth, manhood, old age, was gross, low, and sensual ;
and Mr. Porteus, afterwards my Lord Bishop Porteus,
says the earth was not good enough for him, and that his
only place was heaven ! Bravo, Mr. Porteus! The di-
vine who wept these tears over George the Second's
memory wore George the Third's lawn. I don't know
whether people still admire his poetry or his sermons."
A. K. H. B. is undoubtedly a reader of Thacke-
ray, and it is possible that he may believe the
satirist to be hinting at cause and effect when he
pats the poet's shade upon the back, with sx
" Bravo, Mr. Porteus I The divine who wept
these tears over George the Second's memory
wore George the Third's lawn." ST. SWITHIN.
SACKBUT.
(3'd S. ii. 286, 337.)
Respecting the sackbut of the ancient Hebrews,
so various have been the conjectures of commen-
tators, that their opinions form no satisfactory
information to the curious inquirer. Indeed,
scarce any ancient instrument has been heard of,
for which the sackbut or the psaltery has not found
a name. It is ^thought that the sackbut was a
wind instrument, formed of the root of a tree,
and played upon by stops like a flute. Isidore
considers it a kind of flute or hautboy, and others
have imagined it an instrument of four strings ;
! but as the word seems to signify something that.
j may'be lengthened or shortened, there can be little
doubt that it was what we call the trombone. An
ancient sackbut was found in the ruins of Pompeii,
3"» S. II. Nov. 22, '02.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
415
and appears to have resembled our modern trom-
bone, which was formed by the Italians, from the
one they discovered in the ashes of Vesuvius,
where it had been buried nearly two thousand
years. The ancient instrument was presented to
George IV. by the King of Sicily. It is made of
bronze, with the upper part and mouth-piece of
gold, and its tone is said to be unrivalled.
Whether the sackbut was ever lost, or only fell
into disuse in early times, is not certain. It often
occurs in old paintings, and is figured in the
Triumphs of Maximilian in 1516, and in Padre
Bonauii's curious work, 11 Gabinetto Armonico,
Home, 1722. It formed one of the instruments
in the royal bands of our kings and queens, from
Henry VIII. downwards ; and in the statutes of
Canterbury Cathedral, provision is made for
" players on sackbuts and cornets," which, on
high festivals, were probably used in aid of the
organ.
Nares correctly describes " SACK-BUT, a bass
trumpet ; corrupted from sambuca, used in Latin
for the same instrument." After adding that the
word is still in use among musicians, he says : —
" Yet sambuca, in the sense of an instrument, is only
Low Latin, and as that word originally meant the elder
tree, it is most probable that it properly meant a iassoon,
or some kind of pipe, which the elder so readily makes."
This opinion of Nares is confirmed by the fol-
lowing passage in Batman's translation of Tre-
visa's De Proprietatibus Rerum : —
" De Sambuca.
" Sambuca, is the Ellerne tree brotyll, and the bowes
therof holowe, and voyde and smothe, and of those same
bowes ben pipes made, and also some maner symphony,
as Ysyder [Isidore] sayth."
He then explains —
" De Symphonia.
"The symphonye is an instrument of musyke, and is
made of an holowe tree, closyd in lether in eyther syde,
and mynstralls betyth it wyth styckes; and by accorde
of hyghe and lowe therof "corny th full swete note?, as
Isyder sayth."
Although the strings are not mentioned in this
curious passage, it is evidently a description of
the dulcimer. Hence it is easy to see that the
confusion which occurs in old writers about the
nature of the sackbut arises from two instruments
of different powers and construction being made
i'rom the wood of the elder tree, and both deno-
minated sambucas.
A. A. (3rd S. ii. 286) talks about " Mr. Chap-
pell's suggestion," "completing Mr. Chappell's
conjecture," &c. On the part of my friend, the
editor of the Popular Music of the Olden Time, I
beg to say that he makes no suggestion or con-
jecture whatever in the matter. He merely re-
peats what is well-known to everybody. All the
musical dictionaries agree in their description of
the sackbut. I shall quote from John Hoyle's
Dictionarmm Musica, 1770, the following : —
".SACKBUT, an instrument of the wind kind, being a
sort of trumpet, though different from the common trum-
pet both in form and size : it is used to play a bass, and
is contrived to be drawn out or shortened, according to
the tone required, whether grave or acute. It is called
by the Italians trombone."
EDWARD F. RIMBAUXT.
Sackbut was a name once given in England to
the trombone, a wind instrument recently intro-
duced into concerted music. It is not mentioned
by Rousseau. Mozart introduced it into his wind
accompaniments to Handel, and into his own Re-
quiem and Don Giovanni ; and Weber, with still
greater effect, into his Freyschiitz : it is well
adapted for the wild, the terrible, or the horrible ;
but the ophicleide and cornet-a-piston are su-
perseding the trombone, which is a very imperfect
instrument even in the hands of a skilful per-
former.
The sackbut proper is a stringed instrument,
the same as sambuca in Latin, aa^vn-^ in Greek,
and &O3D (sabca) in Chaldee (Dan. iii. 5, 7, 10,
15.) Athenaeus thinks it was named from Sam-
byx, who invented it (xiv. 40) : he describes it as
very shrill, and as having four strings. He de-
scribes also the military engine " called sambuca,
because when it is raised up it gives a sort of ap-
pearance of a ship and ladder joined together, and
resembles the shape of the musical instrument of
the same name" (xiv. 34.) See Polybius, viii. 3.
This military engine Athenaeus states, on the au-
thority of Moschus in his first book of Mechanics,
is originally Roman. This is probable, as sambuca
is not a significant derivative word in Greek or
Chaldee, but sambucus means in Latin an elder
tree. The proper Greek name of the sambuca
was Aupo<J>oiVi£ (Athen. iv. 77.) Other musical in-
struments mentioned in Daniel are really Greek
names, as D-lJVj?. H^DS and n^bp-1D.
T. J. B0CKTOJT.
Lich field.
JOHN HALL, BISHOP OF BRISTOL.
(3rd S. ii. 389.)
For his admission at Merchant Taylors', see
" N. & Q." 2nd S. ix. 280 ; cf. Wilson's Merchant
Taylors, 287, 326, 789, 816, 855, 860, 884, 885,
905. Calamy (Account, 109), says of Thos. Gil-
bert: —
" He spent the latter part of his time in a Private Life
in Oxford, where to the last he met with much respect
from Dr. Hall, Bishop of Bristol, Dr. Bathurst, Dr. Jane,
and others, who were fit Judges of his real Worth."
In Calamy's Own Life (ed. by Rutt, 1829, i.
271, 272), he says further of Gilbert : —
" He was much respected by several persons of emi-
nence in the University, as Dr. Hall, Bishop of Bristol,
and Master of Pembroke, &c., and used to be much in
416
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. Nov. •_•_
conversation with them. Being himself in but indifferent
circumstances in his declining years, his children having
drained him, he sometimes received from some of those
gentlemen handsome presents on account of his known
worth and learning. He statedly attended the preaching
of Dr. Hall, Bishop of Bristol (of whom he was a great
admirer, and who, he common!}' used to say, preached
like Dr. Preston, the famous Puritan) one part of the
Lord's day, as he did on Mr. Oldlield, at the Meeting,
the other. Some few of the Dissenters in Oxford used
to do so too. This Bishop Hall was one of eminent piety,
but not much esteemed by the young wits of tl:e Uni-
versity. He catechised at St. Toll's near his College
every Lord's day evening, and I sometimes heard him.
He could bring all the Catechism of the Westminster
Assembly out of the Catechism of the Church of Eng-
land. I never heard Mr. Gilbert applaud any one more
than this bishop ; a letter of whose, to Mr. Risley, the
Nonconformist, which I have inserted in my ' Account
of the Ejected Ministers,' plainly shows him to have been
of an excellent spirit."
The letter (or rather an extract from it) will
be found in Calamy's Continuation, 100, 101.
A complaint of the fellows of Pembroke Col-
lege against Dr. Hall, and his reply, with other
papers on the subject, may be found in the
Cambr. Univ. MS. Ee. vi. 42, arts. 3 and 4. Cf.
Statutes of the Colleges of Oxford (1853), vol. iii.
(Pembroke), p. 33.
Calamy (Contin. 893), tells us of John Spils-
bury : —
" He was exceedingly valu'd by Dr. flail, the late
Bishop of Bristol, whose Sister he married. The Bishop
ordinarily visited him once a Year, and continn'd some
Weeks at his house. And when he died, he made Mr.
Jofm Spilsbvry (the only child of the former Mr. Jolm
Spilsbury') his Heir."
Evelyn's Diary, 11 July, 1669 : —
'•' The Act Sermon was this forenoon preached by Dr.
Hall, in St. Mary's, in an honest practical discourse
against Atheism."
Luttrell's Diary, Aug. 1861 (Vol. i. p. 118) :
" Stephen Colledge since his condemnation seems very
penitent, and is visited daily by Dr. Marshall and Dr.
Hall, two able divines of the university." — See also
vol. ii. pp. 24G, 267, 279, vi. 544.
JOHN E. B. MAYOR.
St John's College, Cambridge.
disturbed him. He composed his works while ho
seemed to fish. ELLEN BOROUGH.
Southam Delabcre, Cheltenham,
PICTURE OP DR. PALEY (3rd S. ii. 388.) — You
may inform your correspondent that I am in pos-
session of what I believe to be the only original
picture of Dr. Paley. It was painted for my
father, who described it in his will as painted by
Romney. It was, I think, copied for Christ's
College when I was a boy. Dr. Paley was painted
with the fishing-rod by his own particular desire,
not because he cared much about fishing, but be-
cause while he was so occupied he could keep
intruders at a distance, and give his mind to un-
interrupted thought. He kept people away not
because they disturbed the fish, but because they
STATUE OF GEORGE II. IN LEICESTER
(3rd S. ii. 400.) — About three weeks ago,
workmen were removing Mr. Wy Id's Great Globe,
I found in the centre of the enclosure the horse
lying on its side, but his rider was not visible.
Can any of your readers say what has become of
the fallen monarch ? PEDES.
AN AGUE CHARM (3rd S. ii. 343.) — This is an
old charm, probably imported from France, where
it prevailed, and perhaps still prevails, among the
ignorant. The French form runs thus : —
The patient must say a certain number of Our
Fathers and Hail Marys fasting, in memory of
the five wounds of our Blessed Saviour, and wear
the following words hung about his neck : —
"Quand Dieu vit la croix oil son corps fut mis, sa
chair trembla, son sang s'emeut: les Juifs lui ont dit je
crois que tu as peur, ou que les fievres te tiennent ; je
n'ai point peur, ni les fievres ne me tiennent point."
This professes to cure fevers and jaundice, and
it is generally accompanied with the following
writing : —
" Tons ceux et celles qui cette oraison diront,
Ou stir enx la porteront,
Jamais ficvre, ni jaunisse n'auront.
Jesusf Mariaf Amenf."
Alas ! that such superstitions should meet with
favour in any Christian country ! F. C. H.
RELIGIOUS TESTS (3rd S. ii. 350.) — I am not
sufficiently acquainted with the rules of the educa-
tional establishments belonging to the Romish and
Scotch churches in this country to render much
information concerning them ; but of those of
the Protestant Dissenters (i. e. Independents and
Baptists) I know a little. When a young man de-
sires to enter the ministry, he makes known the
fact to the minister of the congregation to which
he belongs. If he deems him intellectually and
otherwise suitable for such a profession, he will
give him a recommendation to the council of a
college. The young man is then brought before
the council of the college, and questioned by them
as to his religious belief; the chief points of which
are the doctrine of the Trinity, original sin, justi-
fication by faith, and the atonement. He is then
required to read a sermon or essay of his own
composition before the council, to ascertain his
preaching powers. If in all these matters he
meets the approval of his examiners, he is taken
on trial for three months. If during that time
he evinces aptitude for study, he is then accepted
as a student, and may remain there from two to
six years, according to his age and other circum-
stances. Besides those I have mentioned, no other
test is required by college authorities. Those that
3rd S. II. Nov. 22, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
417
intend to stay the whole time generally enter the
Arts course, and graduate at the University of
London. But there are many who go only for two
years, and in that case study Theology exclu-
sively. When a student leaves he is given a cer-
tificate, stating that he " left with the approbation
of the council." The principal and professors
then endeavour to obtain for him a church. This
is very much the plan adopted at New College,
St. John's Wood (which has fifty- one students
on its foundation), and is the same with slight
variations at all the other colleges. For further
particulars I would refer the REV. S. F. CRES-
WELL to the Year Books of the two Denominations,
and Dale's Life of John Angell James. London :
J. Nisbet, 1861. RALPH WOODMAW.
ST. LEGER OF TRUNKWELL (3ra S. ii. 315.) —
I have to thank JULIA R. BOCKETT and others
for replies. I want to make out the connection
between the St. Legers of Trunkwell, and Sir
John Chardin, the traveller. Sir John Chardin
had three daughters, Julia = to Sir Chr. Mus-
grave ; Elizabeth, ccelebs ; and Mary Charlott,
married and lived at Oakfield. Now, I find Mary,
who also appears to have been a daughter of Sir
John, married to a St. Leger of Trunkwell. How
is this ? Can JULIA R. BOCKETT inform me if this
question can be resolved by any monuments or re-
gisters in Shirfield ? I shall have no objection
to going there to search the registers, &c., if I see
a chance of acquiring information about the de-
scendants of Sir John Chardin. F. FITZ- HENRY.
SCANDINAVIAN PROVERBS (3rd S. ii. 88.) — I
have no evidence of the Scandinavian origin of
these proverbs ; but the first is adopted by Teg-
ner : —
" Bjorn. Ga dock ei ensam, din hemv-ag kan stangas.
Frithiof. Ej gar jag ensam, mitt svard fo'.jer med.
Bjorn. Mins du hur Hagbart blef hangd i trad?
Frithiof. Den som kan tagas, ar vard att hangas."
Frithiofssuga, xvi. p. 214. Frankfurt am
Main, 1846.
The second is diffused. Here are two examples,
but not Scandinavian : —
" Zwei Katzen und eine Maas,
Zwei VVeiber in einer Haus ;
Zwei Hund in einem Bein
Kommen selten Uberein."
" Twa cats and ae mouse,
Twa wives in ae house,
Twa dogs and ae bane,
Ne'er will agree in ane."
Literary Gazette, Feb. 1, 1862: Review
of Hislop's Proverbs of Scotland.
H. B. C.
U. U. Club.
BOARD OF GREEN-CLOTH (3rd S. ii. 371.) — The
"Table of the Board of Green-cloth" was cer-
tainly used for the mundane objects mentioned by
Peter Cunningham, just as at the present day
it exercises control over the carriages and lac-
queys of ambassadors and others having the pri-
vilege of the entree to St. James's Palace on civic
and drawing-room days. Still it appears that
the real signification of " the great expense of the
Green-cloth Table " has escaped the attention of
the Editor of " N. & Q." I conjecture this
" Table " to have been a kind of public " spread "
or ordinary open every day at court, and at which
all manner of backstairs hangers-on and their
friends were accustomed to dine gratis. The
eleemosynary banquet grew at last very costly,
and was discontinued. I am led to form this
opinion by the fact that a similar relic of the old
hospitality of the English sovereigns is still (1862)
to be found in the " guard dinner at St. James's."
A sumptuous repast is laid every evening in one
of the saloons of the palace, and is open " free
gratis and for nothing," to the officers of the Horse
and Foot Guards on duty within the verge of the
court, and to sundry of the palace officials in wait-
ing. I believe also that officers have occasionally
the privilege of inviting their friends to this, as
to a regimental mess. In The Newcomes, Mr.
Thackeray makes Jack Belsize invite Clive New-
come to the guard dinner at St. James's. I may
remark, en passant, that this daily banquet (which
the officers on duty could very well afford to pro-
vide and pay for at the neighbouring clubs in Pall
Mall) costs the country about four thousand
pounds a-year, and formerly cost double that
amount. GEORGE AUGUSTUS SALA.
WBEXHAM ORGAN (3rd S. ii. 248, 359.) — An
interesting notice of this celebrated organ is given
by Fuller in his Worthies. Under Denbighshire,
he says : —
" Organs. These were former!}' most famous (the more
because placed in a Parochial, not Cathedral Church) for
beauty, bigness, and tunableness : though far short of
those in worth which Michael Emperor of Constantinople
caused to be made of pure gold, and beneath those in
bigness which George, the Salamitan Abbot, made to be
set up in the Church of his Convent, whose biggest pipe
was eight and twenty foot long, and four spans in compass
What is become of Wrexham Organs I know
not, and could heartily wish they had been removed into
some Gentleman's house, seeing such as accuse them for
superstitious in Churches must allow1 them lawful in pri-
vate places. Otherwise such Morosos deserve not to be
owners of an articulate voice sounding through the Organ
of a Throat."
The clerk's claim for the superiority of the
Wrexham organ over that of St. Peter's at Rome
(as given in MR. MACRAY'S communication from
the Rawlinson MSS.) might safely be made, as
the Roman cathedral never had an organ. The
distance between the west door and the great
altar is wholly a free and unbroken space. Two
of the side chapels indeed have very small move-
able organs on wheels, but they are of recent
introduction, and very rarely used. The Roman
41S
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'<» S. II. Nov. 22, '02.
Catholic service, as performed in the pontifical
chapel, and St. Peter's at Rome, does not demand
the aid of this noble instrument.
EDWARD F. HIMBAULT.
IMMUNITY FROM DISEASES (3rd S. ii. 368.) —
Captain Burton observes, in his City of the
Saints (8vo, Longman & Co., 1861), that the at-
mosphere of Utah territory is too fine and dry to
require, or even to permit, the free use of spiri-
tuous liquors. Scrofula and phthisis are unknown,
as in Nebraska. Also, that though all drink
snow-water, and though many live in valleys
where there is no free circulation of air, goitre
and cretinism are not yet named (p. 337).
J. P.
Though " medical disquisitions " are not admis-
sible into " N. & Q ," a brief Note on the com-
munication of SUGGERO may be, for it conveys the
erroneous impression that the Barotse Valley in
South Africa is healthier than the valleys in Eng-
land ; but, in the very page from which Dr. Liv-
ingstone is quoted, he says : —
" The Makololo generally have an aversion to the Ba-
rotse Valley, on account of the fevers which are annually
engendered in it as the waters dry up : " and " the great
humidity produced by heavy rains and inundations, the
exuberant vegetation caused by fervid heat in rich moist
soil, and the prodigious amount of decaying vegetable
matter, annually exposed after the inundations to the
rays of a torrid sun, with a flat surface often covered by
forest through which the winds cannot pass, all combine
to render the climate far from salubrious for any portion
of the human family."
The truth apparently is, so many die there of
fevers that few are left to die of consumption or
any other disease, except perhaps of " a leprosy
peculiar to the Barotse Valley." (Livingstone,
p. 503.) J. D.
THE PRINCE or WALES'S MAJORITY (3rd S. ii.
350, 375-6.) — It is hardly necessary for me, after
the replies of CHARLES BEKE and W. C., to de-
fend my position on this subject against F. C. II.
(p. 376), or to prove that the vote of Lord Nor-
reys was received not on any " straw-splitting "
or " quibble," but upon an established principle
of English law. I gave that case because it was
within my own experience, as I happened to be a
member of Mr. Banks's Committee ; but as addi-
tional proof, take; the following : 1. Modern Re-
ports, 281 : —
" In a devise the question was, whether the testator
was of age or not ; and the evidence was, that be was
bora on the 1st of January in the afternoon of that day,
and died in the morning on the la»t day of December
[twenty-one years after]. And it was held by all the
.judges that he was of full age, for there shall be" no frac-
tion of a day."
In 1 Kebles Reports, 589 : —
" H., born the 1C Feb., 1608, is, the 15 Feb., 1C29, of
full age ; and whatever hour he were born is not material,
there being no fraction of days."
A similar case is cited in Lord Raymond's
Reports, 481, in which Chief Justice Holt made
a like decision. For the same reason, a person
sentenced to one year's imprisonment on the 1st
of January is discharged early in the morning of
the 31st December.
The custom of considering part of a day as an
entire day prevailed amongst the Jews. Hence
our Saviour is spoken of as being "three days
and three nights in the heart of the earth " (Matt,
xii. 40), although he was actually in the grave
but one whole day, and small parts of two others :
upon which Grotius remarks : " dies legalis non
computatur de tempore ad tempus." See also,
Lightfoot and Whitby, i« locum. E. V.
LAWN AND CBAPE. — I nm greatly obliged to
E. L. S. (3rd S. ii. 359) for his reply to my Query
(3rd S. i. 188). If he reads it again, however, he
will see that I did not fall into the error he im-
putes to me, of supposing that a higher sanctity
was attributed to crape than to lawn. I expressed
quite the contrary opinion.
E. L. S., by directing my attention to John-
son's definition, has explained my difficulty as to
the meaning of the passage in Pope. But this
definition suggests a curious fact : that in Pope's
time, and apparently even so late as that of John-
son— unless he adopted the explanation of some
older dictionary — crape was a fabric totally un-
like that which we now know under that name.
Assuming that crape was formerly what it is now,
I knew that it could never have formed the attire
of those who consulted cheapness or durability in
their dress ; even lawn would have suited such
persons better. On turning to Richardson, I find
a quotation fully bearing out Johnson's defini-
tion : —
" The crape-clad hermit, and the rich-rob'd king,
Levell'd, lie mix'd, promiscuous iu the tomb."
Cunningham.
This is decisive as to the dissimilarity between
old and modern crape. " Lace-clad," would now-
a-days be hardly a more unsuitable epithet than
crape-clad, as applied to a hermit. In by-gone
years we used to hear of " Norwich crape," as a
material for ladies' dresses. What has become of
it ? It was made of wool, and was a kind of
bomlazine. This word also seems to have become
obsolete. Such a material would have been suit-
able for a clergyman's cassock, or hermit's gown.
Certainly any modern editor of Pope ought to
give a short note about crape, for the benefit of
the rising generation. Can any of your corre-
spondents, learned in the history of manufactures,
fctate when this change in the nature of crape
took place ? And when the fragile, gauzy fabric
we now know by this name, was first made ?
It is probable that, originally, a somewhat
coarse and unsightly material was purposely
chosen as the garb of woe ; and that by degrees a
S. II. Nov. 22, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
419
love of show, and of what was becoming, led to
a more delicate and ornamental fabric being
adopted. " One would not, sure, look frightful
when one's dead," says Narcissa. " Nor when
mourning forgone' s dead friend," adds fashion.
J. DIXON.
HACKNEY (3rd S. ii. 335, 378.)— With all due
deference to W. C., it is necessary to state, that
Hackney is much less an adjective than a per-
fectly independent noun. It is not derived from
the v. a. To hack (haccan, Saxon ; hacken, Dutch ;
hacher, French, acare, an axe, Saxon) ; but from
the old French noun, haquenee, haquet, or hacque-
ton, a little pacing horse. Thus, in old French
chronicles, written hundreds of years before
hackney-coaches were dreamt of, you will find
the knight mounted on his destrier ; the man-at-
arms (gendarme, or gensd'arme,) on his coursier,
and the peaceful merchant or traveller on his
haquenee. The word survives, abbreviated, in the
livery stable or hunting word, " hack," on which
a gentleman rides to cover. Of course, in the
usual modern acceptation of the term, " hack," or
" hackneyed," is an adjective, signifying hired or
commonly used : thus, a hack-cab, a hack-author,
a hackneyed joke or quotation ; but a hack is not
necessarily a .thing let or sub-let. The hack
which the sportsman uses to save his hunter may
with perfect propriety belong to him. A hackney-
coach was obviously a vehicle drawn by haque-
ne.es — humble, safe- pacing horses. W. C. is cor-
rect in deriving fiacre from St. Fiacre : the first
hackney-coaches set up in Paris customarily start-
ing from the Hotel St. Fiacre. Compare our
"Favourites," "Elephants," "Eyre Arms," "Royal
Blues," &c. &c. GEORGE AUGUSTUS SALA.
THE NEWRY MAGAZINE (3rd S. ii. 307), re-
specting which ALPHA inquires, was edited by the
late Dr. Jas. Stuart. He was also editor of a
newspaper in Newry ; subsequently editor for a
time of the Belfast News Letter ; and author of
Historical Memoirs of the City of Armagh, pub-
lished in 1819. G. B.
SAMARITAN PENTATEUCH (3rd S. ii. 371.) — The
statement quoted differs from the facts. The
Samaritan Pentateuch is mentioned by Eusebius,
Cyril of Alexandria, Procopius of Gaza, Diodorus,
Jerome, and others. After a period of more than
ten centuries, this work was again disclosed.
Peter Delia Valle first, in 1616, procured a com-
plete copy ; which De Sancy, then French am-
bassador at Constantinople, sent to the library of
the Oratoire at Paris, in 1623. It was first de-
scribed by Morin, and afterwards printed in the
Paris Polyglott. Soon after, Archbishop Ussher
procured six copies from the East ; and so great
was the number in the time of Kennicott, that he
collated sixteen for his edition of the Hebrew
Bible. The hypothesis first advanced by Morin
has been adopted by Houbigant, Cappellus, Ken-
nicott, Michaelis, Eichhorn, Bauer, Bertholdt,
Stuart, and others ; it is, that copies of the Penta-
teuch must have been in the hands of Israel (the
ten tribes) from the time of Rehoboam, as well
as among Judah (the Jews), and that they were
preserved by the former equally as by the latter.
Gesenius has found no material variation between
the Samaritan and Hebrew texts — a most im-
portant fact, as demonstrating the critical care
bestowed by the Jews on our Hebrew text. An
inspection of Walton's Polyglott, where a Latin
translation is given, or the varice lectiones of the
Samaritan Pentateuch in Baxter's Polyglott, will
show that the following are the most, important
variations from the received text : Gen. iv. 8,
xxx. 36; Exod. vii. 18, 29, viii. 19, ix. 19, xi. 4,
xx. 17 — 22 ; Num. x. 10, xiii. 34, xx. 17, xxi. 20,
xxxi. 21 ; and Deut. v. 18. Other variations may
be said to be of spelling only.* The Pentateuch
of the Septuagint is translated from this Samari-
tan (Eichhorn, A. T., s. 388). By Chronicon is
probably meant the Samaritan book entitled
Joshua, but it did not always form part of their
canon. It appears to be a compilation from our
Joshua, Judges, and Samuel, with fables and
oriental traditions. T. J. BUCKTON.
Lichfield.
WEEK (3rd S. ii. 350.)— The word week may
be traced to a higher source than the Anglo-
Saxon. The oldest known root is the Sanscrit vaks,
meaning to increase, to grow ; it is the root, also,
of our English word, wax, of the same meaning,
and doubtless was originally referred to the moon
in its different phases from new to full moon, the
week designating the period of one of the moon's
four phases. Akin to this word are «e|a> [afe|a>]
in Greek, vegeo in Latin, wahsian in Gothic, and
wachse and woche in German. T. J. BUCKTON.
Lichfield.
DELPHIC ORACLES (3rd S. ii. 331, 360.) — The
following are the references of Dollinger in his
Gentile and Jew, which will supply the best original
information on this subject : — Alccei Fragm., xvii.
p. 23, Matthias ; Plato, Legg., vi. p. 750 ; Xeno-
phon, Memor., i. 3, 1 ; 5. 1, 6-9; Schol. Pind., Nem.t
iii. 38 ; Arrian, Exp. Alex., iv. cap. xi. ; Pausan.
i. 36, 1 ; Orig. adv. Cels., vii. p. 125 (p. 333, -Spen-
cer) ; Chrysost. Horn. 20, ad 1 Cor. 22, torn. x.
p. 260; Longin., c. 13 (p. 32, Weisk) ; Plut.,
Orac. def., opp. vii. 642, 724, Reisk (480, 536,
Wyttenbach) ; Plato, Conviv., p. 202, E ; Plut.>
Nic., xiii. 14; Herod., i. 165—167. Gotte has
written Das Delphische Orakel (1839), explained
as founded on espionage ; and Hiillmann, Wiir-
digung des Delphischen Orakels, (1837), treated as
apocryphal ; both whose views, however, Dollinger
controverts (i. 212, n. Darnell) in his admirable
* The variations are most clearly given by Kennicott.
420
NOTES AND QUERIES.
. Nov. 22, 'G2.
Summary of the Oracles of Antiquity (i. 209— 218).
Further information may be obtained from Har-
dion, in the Mem. Acad. Inscr., iii. 137 ; Wilster's
De Religione et Oraculo Apollinis Delphici; and
from Klausen in Ersch und Gruber JSncyc., art.
" Orakel." The Delphic Oracle, which was de-
caying in the first century after Christ, according
to Plutarch (De defectu Oracc., 5, 38), was sus-
pended at various times, and became finally silent
soon after the death of the Emperor Julian, A.D.
363 (Eschcnburg, by Fiske, p. 166). None of the
above authorities are quoted in the Penny Cyclo-
paedia. T. J. BUCK.TON.
Lichfield.
NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.
Gongora : an Historical Essay on the Times of Philip
III. and J V. of Spain. With Translations. By Edward
Churton. 2 Vols. (Murray.)
Although Lewis da Gongora y Argote was a writer
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the staple of his argument," 3~et his severest critics have
awarded him the praise of wit, genius, and learning. A
contemporary of our own Shakspeare, and one who exer-
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native country, comparatively little is known in England
either of the poet or his writings; and therefore, as a
contribution to our stores of literary history, the present
volumes will be welcome to a large class of readers. In
his introductory Essay on the Life and Times of Gongora,
in which he gives us many graphic pictures of the Spa-
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contemporaries, Mr. Churton shows himself to be per-
fectly acquainted with the history and literature of Spain ;
while in his translations from Gongora's Poems, which
are of various style and character, he exhibits the true
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and grace of original compositions. " Gongora's poems,"
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and statesmen of his age; his other poems were often
suggested by the events which were then passing, and
have thence a further interest beyond their poetical
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The Life of Joiepli Locks, Civil Engineer, M.P., F.R.S.,
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NOTES AND QUERIES.
421
LONDON, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 29, 1862.
CONTENTS. — N°. 48.
NOTES: — The Registers of the Stationers' Company, 421
— Early Historical French Song, 4'23 — Noticeable Entries
in the 'Parish Registers of Allhallows, Barking, Ib. — Dr.
Peter Allix, 425 — Anglo- Americanisms : " Platform, 426 —
Byron's School Days, Ib.
MINOR NOTES : — " Body and Sleeves " — ' Proposed Ces-
sion of Gibraltar to Spain — Charlotte Shorter, Lady Con-
way — A Bilingual Derivation — Remote Traditions
through few Links — Wimpole Street, 427.
QUERIES:— Bacon Queries — MSS. of Bishop Baines —
Bartlet — Mathew Barlow — Antique Bath — Lord Clyde's
~ Regulations — Cheap Food for the Poor — Robert Dyson
— Edward the Black Prince — Egyptian Inscriptions —
John Gilpin — Heiress' Son — Legrand's Psalms of David
— Lovelace of Quiddenham — " The old oaken Bucket "
— Oratorios — Record Publications — Royal Standard —
Dean Swift : Macky's " Memoirs " — Taylor the Platonist
— Tennyson — Trinity College, Dublin : its Centenary —
Welsh Chap-Books — Wildfire, 428.
QUERIES WITH ANSWERS : — Curfew — The Lord Mayor of
London's Diamond Sceptre, &e. — Moriaus — Sir Wm.
Monson — George Smith — Sanctuary, 431.
REPLIES: — St. Cecilia, the Patroness of Music, 433 —
Wills at the Court of Probate, 454 — Drayton's " Endimion
and Phoebe " — Ghetto—" Lords of creation men we call"
— Table for the Guards at St. James's — Statue of George
II. in Leicester Square — Rev. Ingram Cobbin — Scandi-
navia — Various Lengths of the Perch — John Duer of
Antigua— Oliver Earl of Tyrconnel — Ancient Chessmen
— Great Tom, Oxford — Chapel dedicated to the Holy
Ghost — Archiepiscopal Mitres — County Feasts — Arms
of Canterbury, Armagh, and Trinity College, Dublin —
Holy Fire : Catch-Cope Bells, &c., 435.
Notes on Books, Ac.
THE KEGISTERS OF THE STATIONERS'
COMPANY.
(Continued from 3rd S. ii. p. 23.)
After a considerable interval, I resume my Ex-
tracts from the Registers of the Company of
Stationers of London, with the request that
where I commit an error I may be set right ; or
where additional information can be given by
any of the correspondents of " N. & Q.," they will
do me the favour to supply it. Of course in an
undertaking of this kind, where materials are often
scanty and dubious, I cannot hope to be always
correct, while on particular points, it is quite cer-
tain that others may be better informed than I can
pretend to be. J. PAYNE COLLIER.
Maidenhead, Nov. 15, 1862.
xvito Maij [1594.] — John Danter. Entred for
his copie, &c. a ballad intituled The murtherous
life and terrible death of the riche Jew of Malta.
vja.
[This was a ballad upon the same subject as Christo-
pher Marlowe's famous tragedy, which we shall see was
entered for publication on the very next day. It was
Banter's intention, as he bad no MS. copy of the drama,
to anticipate the appearance of it by this ballad, founded
upon the same story. The Jew of Malta, as acted, did
not in fact come from the press until thirty-nine years
after the period of which we are now speaking.]
xvij Maij. — Tho. Gosson. Entred for his copie,
&c. a booke intituled The famous Cronicle of
Henrye the first, with the life and death of Bellin
Dun, the firste thief e that was ever hanged in Eng-
land vjd.
[If this historical play were ever printed, it has been
entirely lost sight of. On June 8, 1594, Henslowe enters
Bellendon as a new play ; so that the dates agree pretty
exactly, the above entry having been made less than a
month before the play was brought out, in order to secure
the publication of it. Three years afterwards, viz. on
May 30, 1597, Henslowe produced at his theatre Harry
the firste, life and death ; and, under date of March 13,
1598, we find him paying Drayton, Dekker, and Chettle
for " the booke called The famous wares of Henry the
fyrste and the prynce of Wattes. (Diary printed by the
Shakesp. Soc. 1845, p. 120.) Nothing is known of anv
of these. Malone confounded Henry the First with Henry
the Fifth.']
Richard Jones. Entred for his copie, &c. a
booke intituled Oenone and Paris, ivherein is de-
ciphered the extremitie of love, the effects of hate,
the operation of them bothe vjd.
[As long ago as 1567, Turbervile had directed atten-
tion to this subject by his translation of Ovid's Epistle
of CEnone to Paris.]
Nichas Linge, Tho. Millington. Entred for their
copie &c. The fammisc tragedie of the Riche Jewe
of Malta vjd.
[Of course, Marlowe's drama : in 1594 it had been on
the stage several years, and the earliest memorandum
relating to it in Henslowe's Diary is Feb. 26, 1591. It
was not printed until 1633, when Thomas Heywood, who
had no doubt often acted in it, became the instrument of
its publication. Alleyn performed the part of Barabas
in a false nose, to give the character a more Israelitish
appearance ; and the Rev. Mr. Dyce says, " It would seem
that on our early stage Jews were always furnished with
an extra quantity of nose." ^Ye have no such tradition
as regards Shylock, and we can hardly suppose that a
great actor like Burbadge would condescend so to dis-
figure himself, and thus render the character rather gro-
tesque and ludicrous, than tragical and impressive.
Still, there is no doubt that the actor of the part of Bara-
bas was distinguished by a large artificial red nose.
Usurers and money-lenders were also often so marked,
perhaps because they were Jews.]
xxijdo die Maij. — Edward White. Entred for
his copie, under thandes of bothe the wardens, a
booke entituled A Wynter nightes pastime . vjd.
[This entry may possibly apply to some earlier dra-
matic production than Shakespeare's Winter's Tale, but
we do not believe that they had any connexion ; and it
is'almost certain that The Winter's Tale was not written
until 1610, or produced at the Globe until 1611.]
xxiiijto die Maij. — John Danter. Entred for his
Copie, &c. a booke intituled The woundes of Civille
Warre, liuely set forthe in the true Tragedies of
Marius and ScAlla vjd.
[This drama, by Thomas Lodge, was printed and pub-
lished in 1594, 4to, by the stationer who entered it . It
is reprinted in the 8th vol. of the last edition of Dodsley's
Old Plays. It is a dull heavy performance, and Lodge's
best efforts in poetry were unquestionably of a lyrical
kind.]
422
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. Nov. 29, "62.
xxv'° die Maij. — Edward Blunt. Entred for
his Copie, &c. a booke intituled The profitt of im-
prisonment, a paradox first written in Frenche by
Odet de la None, Lorde of Telcigine, and trans-
lated by Josue Silvester vjd.
[Joshua Sylvester began his rather long career of au-
thorship in 1590, and then styled himself "merchant ad-
venturer;" but he afterwards seems to have subsisted
mainly by his translating pen. He was a poor original
poet, and not worth much as a translator.]
xxviij die Maij. — "Cuthbert Burbye. Entred
for his copie, &c. a booke entytuled The historic
of Orlando Furiow, frc vjd.
[By Robert Greene and published, with the'date of 1594,
in consequence of the preceding memorandum. The cha-
racter of Orlando was sustained by Edw. Alleyn, and at
Dulwich College is preserved his part as written out by
the copyist of Henslowe's theatre. The earliest date of
its performance, as recorded bv the old manager, was Feb.
21, 1591-2.]
xxx° Maij. — 'Nicholas Linge. Entred for his
copie under thande of Mr. Cawood, a booke inti-
tuled Ideas Myrrour, fyc vjj.
[This is the original registration of M. Drayton's cele-
brated collection of Sonnets printed in 1594, of which we
believe only a single copy is in existence. Ideas Hfir-
rour : Amours in Qitatorzains was never reprinted entire;
but the author selected some of the fifty- one sonnets of
which it consists, and inserted them in his poems pub-
lished in 1605, 8vo. They all relate to his real or fanciful
passion for a lady whom he designates as "Idea." It
deserves remark, that under date of Jan. 3, 1GOO-1, we
find a book entered with the title of Amours by J. I)., with
certen sonnetts by W. S." It is possible that these sonnets
were by Shakespeare.]
Thomas East. Entred for his Copie, &c. a
booke intituled The passions of the spirite . vjd.
Ult° Maij. — James Robertes. Entred for his
copies, by order of the Court, certen Copies which
were John Cbarlwood's, Salvo jure cujuscunque: —
The book of husbandry.
Marcus Aurelius.
A pennyworth of wit. v
C. mery tales.
Adam Bell.
The banishment of Cupid.
Robin Conscience.
A proud wyves pr. nr.
A sachfull of newes.
Gowre de confessione amantis.
The good shepherd and the bad.
Northbroohe's confession.
The Castle of Knowlege.
An amorous complaint of Shepherdes and
Nymphes.
A Replication offrere John Frauncis.
The image of Love.
The Lady Katherincs praters, called the swcte
songe of a synner.
The billes for plaiers.
The treasure of gladnes.
Palimedes §• tomacian, in vij bookes.
Turberviles songes and sonnets.
The mery metinge of the maydcs of London.
M or all ph ilosnphy.
The history of Palmeryn.
The defensative against the Poyson of supposed
provises.
[Opposite The merry meeting of maids of Is>ndon, in this
rather long list of books that had belonged to John Charl-
wood, the words "Betwene him and Jones " are written
in the margin ; the meaning being that Richard Jones
had an equal right with James Roberts to the copies of
that book, handed over by Charlwood's executors. Many,
if not most, of the titles have occurred before, as entered
to Charlwood ; so that it is not necessary for us to dwell
upon them again. Of some of them, like The amorous
Complaint of Shepherds and Nymphs, and two or three
others, we should be glad to know more than the mere
names. The " bills for players" means the exclusive
right to print them, which, it may be remembered, had
been assigned to Charlwood. Some names are obvious cor-
ruptions, such as "Palimedes and Tomacian," and " The
defensative against the Poyson of supposed provises,"
which last refers to the Earl of Northampton's work against
" supposed, prophecies," which had been published in
1583.]
6 Junij. — Mr. Byshop, Mr. Entred for his
Copie, \The Thirde parte of the French Academic.
vjd.
[Bishop was Master of the Company this year, which
explains the " Mr." both before and after his name. If a
third part of Primaudaye's French Academy were published,
we have never seen it. The two first parts were printed
by, or for, George Bishop, with the date of 1594 ; and it
is possible that the success of them induced the Stationer
to enter a third part, which did not make its appearance.
However, this is merely conjecture, and a third part may
not have fallen in our way. The second part contains
a violent attack upon Marlowe and his associates, as un-
believers and atheists. Marlowe and Greene were then
both dead.]
Edward White. Entred for his Copie, &c. a
booke and a ballad intituled A newe prophetic
seene by the Viccere Sunan Bassa at his comminge
into Hungarie vjd.
[This would probably corns under the designation of a
"supposed prophecy," against which the Earl of Nor-
thampton had written. We cannot attempt further to
explain the title of the book, or the name and office of
the " Viccere Sunan Bassa." It is noticeable, that White
contrived to enter two separate works for the sum invari-
ably paid for only one.]
7 die Junij. — Nicholas Linge. Entred for his
copie, &c. a book entitled A spider's Webbe . vjd.
viii Junij. — Cuthbert Burbye. Entred for bis
copie a booke intituled The Cobler's prophesie.
vjd.
[By Robert Wilson, the famous comic performer who
was living in the time of Tarlton, but who does not seem
to have obtained any great notoriety until after Tarlton's
death. Wilson's name is at length on the title-page of
the edit, of 1594, which was "printed by John Danter
for Cuthbert Burbie." The play must soon have become
scarce from the popularity of its actor-author, for a copy
is now before us, where, a few lines being wanting, they
were supplied in MS. by no less a man than Geo. Chap-
3«» S. 11. Nov. 29, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
423
man, the translator of Homer, himself a dramatic poet of
no mean celebrity.]
10 die Junij. — Thomas Creede. Entred for his
copie, &e. a booke intituled Menechmi, beinge a
pleasant and fine conceyted Comedy taken out of the
moate excellent wittie 1'oett Plautus, chosen purposely
from out the reste as least harmfully and yet moste
delightfull vjd.
[It came from Creede's "press with 1595 on the title-
page. The late Duke of Devonshire having accidentally
two copies of this piece in his matchless collection gener-
ously gave one of them to the writer, whereon J. P.
Kenible had written by mistake " first edition," when in
fact no other is known. The entry follows exactly the
wording of the title-page, with the omission of " Written
in English by W. W.," generally supposed to mean Wil-
liam Warner, the author of Albion's England, 1586, &c.
From the real or imaginary connexion of Mencechmi with
The Comedy of Errors, it was reprinted by Steevens in
1779.]
xi die Junij. — John Danter. Entred for his
copies, &c. twoo ballettes, the one intituled A
lookinge glasse for disdaynefull lovers, the other
The Ruflinge woer xijd.
xiiij die Junij. — Thorns Creede. Entred for
his copie, &c. a ballad intituled Lustye Lawrence,
uppon condition that yf the company question of
yt, then this entrance to be void .... vjd.
[This was in the summer of 1594, and we hear nothing
more of the ballad of Lusty Lawrence, whatever may
have been its subject or import, until April, 1597, when,
according to the registers, William Blackwall was fined
two shillings " for sellinge of ballades called lustie Lar-
rance," as if there were or had been more than one pro-
duction so entitled. Whether it was ever printed by
Creede is not known, and no such ballad has, we believe,
come down to our day.]
J. PAYNE COLLIER.
EARLY HISTORICAL FRENCH SONG.
The following little scrap of poetry is, I think,
from its historical interest, worthy of a place in
" N. & Q." It is in a book at the Heralds'
College (marked I. 3. fo. 83b), which contains
several miscellaneous matters, chiefly, however,
relating to funerals in the early Tudor period,
and (in some very few instances) in the time of
the House of York. These verses appear to
refer to the time of Edward IV., who, I imagine,
is the " noble Roy " to whom the writer was a
traitor, and to whom the Count de St. Pierre
sends word (after his followers had arrested the
writer) to invade France. I have not had time
to look well into the matter, and so cannot make
out who the author, or rather the hero, of these
lines may be, but I dare say some of your readers
will be able to do so, either from Philip de Comines
or elsewhere.
About 1462 Louis XL tampered with the
ministers of the Duke of Burgundy for the re-
storation of Amiens and Abbeville.
In 1468 the celebrated meeting at Peronne
took place, and in 1475 Edward IV. sent an army
over to Calais (certainly not " hardernent ") to
assist the duke ; which army, having been bribed
by the French King, departed without having
effected any thing.
" Trayson Dieu te mauldie
Par toy me conviendra * morir
A Parie on f grant vilaneye
Le Roy na de moy mercy.
" Quand Je party devant Perone
Ja perceu bien q' Je estoy mort
Car Javoye trahy la coronne
Du noble Roy dont Javoye tort.
" A Paris fus mene grant j erre
Lie bate come ung meschant
Des gens au Count de S* Pierre
Ung peu devant soleil couchant.
" II manda au Roy DEngleterre
Quil vint en France hardement
Et quil auroit de benne § guerre
Trois villes du commencement.
" Perronne auroit et Abevylle
Sans guerroier aucunement
Et Amiens la bonne ville
Et que cela tint surement."
G. E. A.
NOTICEABLE ENTRIES IN THE PARISH REGIS-
TERS OF ALLHALLOWS BARKING.
The Registers of this parish consist of fifteen
volumes. The oldest book commences 1558, and
ends 1650. It is on the whole well written, ap-
parently for many years, by the hand of a pro-
fessional scribe. The earlier names appear to be
copied from rough entries made at the moment,
with here and there the signature of vicar and
churchwardens by way of certification. For the
last fifty years of the volume, the entries look
more like originals, and are usually in the hand-
writing of the vicar. As might be expected, the
writing degenerates towards the end, and is often
illegible. An educated vicar was deprived under
Cromwell, and his place supplied by an illiterate
clergyman ; as this Register, like so many others,
plentifully proves.
In examining this book, the first thing that
struck me was the number of foundlings. Entries
abound of this character : —
" Christd, a child found in Water Lane, and named
William.
* The dot for the t is over the third stroke in the
original thus, "coninendra;" but I take the liberty of
reading it as if it had been over the fifth.
f Qy. on for en.
j " In great baste." See Cotgrave's Dictionary, 1611,
where alter grand erre is rendered " to speed, make haste."
§ Sic.
424
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. Nov. -
" A child out of Preest's-alley Christ-1, Thomas Barkin.
" Christ*, a child out of Seething Lane, named Charles
Parish."
Christian Names. — I have not in this volume
found any instance of a double Christian name.
I suppose this is quite a modern practice.
Of curious baptismal names, now disused or
very unusual, the following are picked out at
random : — Pleasaunce, Mark Antony, Angelica,
Joice, Fortune, Bridgett, Sibell, Amyas, Hippo-
lita, Jasper, Stable, Milton, Fabian, Bardolph,
Boniface, Boclarke (*zc), Reynold, Marmaduke,
Erasmus, Gower, Polidorus, Bennet, Faith, Ver-
tue, Creature.
Curious Surnames. — Stony street, Pantry, Hodge-
skin, Locksmyth, Thickpenny, Pumthell, Lynacre,
Hedgehog<r, • Ghost, Tounnermaude, Grissel, God-
liman, Fulljames, Drybutter.
The names of foreigners are very frequent.
The nearness of this parish to the port of London
may account for their frequency here.
The following entries accord with the history |
of the period — the recent loss of Calais by the ;
English : —
1558, Ap1 25. Christ'1, a poor Callis woman's child.
1560, May 15. Buried, a poor starved Calais man.
Entries of this kind are frequent.
Of Baptisms, the most noticeable in Book I.
are the following : —
1565, Decr xxx. Bee it knowne by these p'sentes, that
the wiffe of July bone tempo Dutpotzo, whose
name is Lodwicke, a Venetian, was delivd of a
man child XXth daie of Decemr, Anno 1565, in
the house of Mr. Anthony Bassanye, one of the
Queene's Musisyans, dwelling in Mark-lane, in
the p'she of Alle hallowes, Barkinge ; and was
baptd in the foresd p'sh church the xxiind daye
of ye sd monetb, whose name is called Thomas.
Wnereunto were godfathers, John de Pezharo
and Placito Bayazonye, Marchantes and Vene-
tians. The godm11"* Elizabeth frigera, daur of
Anthonye Bassanie; and the midwiffe, Mrs.
Harison. In witness whereof the Minister then
being, with the Clarke and Sexton of the sd
church, have sett to there hands, the xxxtu of
Decbcr, Anno 1565, in the eight yeare of our
Souerainge Ladie, quene Elizabeth/'
[No names follow, as this is only a copy.]
1568, Aug* xxiii. William Tyrwytt, sonne of Mr. Ri-
chard, christd. (The Vicar.)
[Also (?) Vicar of Barking, in Essex. See p. 343.]
1591, Maye xxvii. An Procter was clirist'1, beinge a
Tartaryan, of yc age of xxii years.
1596, Janr xxii. John Lippsor, sonne to Derricke, christd
In yc Dutch churche, and borne in the parishe,
[This kind of entry is frequent.]
1598, Sepf xii. Marget Newell, daught. to Mr.'Edmnude
Lorde Latimer, chrisl4.
1601, Dec* 22. Kathcrine, daur. to Robert Tunstall, of
Peterbro', Esq1*.
1602, Dec' 28. Mary dau' to Robert Tlghe Clerk, Vicar
of this parish.
1607, July 24. Robert, s. of Sir James Bourchier, Knight.
1616, Aug1 20. William, s. of Sir James Bourchier, Knt.
1609, Feb/ 5. Francis, s. of Sr James Bourchier, Kni-lit.
[Sir James B. was father-in-law of Oliver Cromwell,
who married Elizabeth B. at Cripplegate church, in 1>
Her name does not appear'in this registry. Sir James
was a City merchant — a skinner or furrier?]
1610, May 10. Richard, s. of Robert Tighe, Doctor.
(Vicar.)
1614, Febr 2. Sara James, daur of Sir Roger Ja
Knight.
1616, Sept. 5. Allen Apsley.s. of Sir Allen Apsley, Kni
[Sir Allen was Lieutenant of the Tower, where he d
1630. His son, to whom this entry refers, became Sir
Allen after his father; and had the care of Prince Charles
as Governor of Barnstaple, in 1645. He was appointed
Royal Falconer in 1660, and was the maternal ancestor
to the Bathurst family.]
1617, April 16. Anne, daur of Sir William Harris, Knt.
1618, July 9. Sara, danr of Sir William Russell and Eli-
zabeth, his Ladie.
[Sir W. was Treasurer of the Navy, in conjunction
with Sir H. Vane.]
1621, Ang1 29. Marmaduke, sonne of Marmaduke Roy-
don and Elizabeth, his wife.
[A Life of Capt. Rawdon, or Roydon, is printing for
the Camden Society.]
March 13. John, sonne of Sir Roger Nevinson,
Knight, and Marie his wife.
1623, Jane 29. Abraham, sonne of Abraham Waring
(Minister), and Mary his wife.
Jan7 31. John, sonne of Sir William Russell, Knight, '
and v" Ladie Elizabeth his wife.
1628, Nov' 5. Ann, dau' of Sir Richd Saltonstall, Knight,
and the Ladie Elizabeth his wife.
[Sir Rich. S. was Lord Mayor in 1597. He died 1631,
and was buried at S. Oxenden, in Essex. See Clatter-
buck's History of Hertfordshire, vol. iii. p. 362 ; and a
note in vol. i. of the Transactions of the Middlesex Archae-
ological Society. ~\
1G28, Decr 7. William, son of Sir Wm. Russell, Knt, and
the Ladie Elizabeth his wife.
1630, Febr 20. Thomas, sonne of Robert Louell, Curatt of
this p'sh, and Alse his wife.
1632, February 8th. John, son of Mr. Robert Lovell,
curate of this p'sh.
1637, March 2. Elizabeth, daur. of Mr. Edward Layfield
(Vicar), and Ann his wife.
1644, Oct. 23. William, son of William Penn, and Mar-
garett his wife, of the Tower Liberty.
[This is none other than the illustrious founder of Pen-
sylvania. Penn, the father, was, in 1644, a Lieutenant of
the Navy, residing on Tower Hill — a favourite residence
with navy-men at that time. William was his eldest
son, born here Oct. 14, 1644. The exact locality is indi-
cated in a letter from P. Gibson to Wm. Penn, quoted in
Cunningham's Handbook of London : " Your late father
dwelt upon G' Tower Hill, on the east side, within a
court adjoining to London Wall." Most biographers of
Penn describe him as a native of St Katherine's pre-
cinct. This is an error. He was born in the Tower
Liberty.]
Marriages.
1600, Decr 15. Rich. Wilbraham to Grace Savidge, at
Mr. Carmarthen's house, by Andrew Brigge,
Minister.
[This is the only entry which has the minister's name
appended.]
1619, May 11. William Crashaw, Parson of Stc Marie
Maltfellon alias Whitechappell, B.D., and Eli-
3rd S. II. Nov. 29, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
425
zabeth Skinner, daur of Anthonie Skinner of the
same p'ish, Gent.
1625, March 28. George Langdale, Clerke, and Mary
Exall, daughter of Mr. Emauuel Exall, of this
p'sh.
1628, April 12. Sir William Russell, Knt., to Mrs. Eliza-
beth VVheatley.
1650, March 18. " A cuppel being marred, and went away,
gave not there names."
Burials. — The entries are very numerous. The
plague years are specially full. Thus, in 1563,
occur 284 names, chiefly those of women and
children : a considerable excess above the average,
since, in 1562, are only fifty names ; and twenty-
eight only in 1564.
In 1603, another plague year, occur 490 names;
being some 430 in excess of the average.
In 1625, 394 names are entered; six times the
average mortality.*
1583, March 22. Mr. Jerome Bonalia buried.
[This gentleman, an Italian of Bergonum, has a hand-
some alabaster monument in the church, north aisle.]
1587, Feby 24. Berangier Duportall, Esq., Generall of
Gynen, burd.
1591, Feb? 19. Mr. Walter Devereux, sonne to the K'
Hon. ye Earle of Essex.
1596, May 7. Henry, son to the Earle of Essex.
1599, June 27. Penelope Devereux, daur to the Earl of
Essex.
[Children of Queen Bess's favourite and victim, who
possessed a house in this parish in Seething Lane.]
1591, March. Mr. Eoger James, Beer Brewer.
[This gentleman possesses a brass, on the chancel floor,
described by Mr. Maskell, in his Notes on the Sepulchral
Brasses of AUhallows Barking."]
1605, Api 14. Sir Francis Cherry, Knight.
1606, Feby 18. A poore souldier, dyinge in the streets,
whose name is unknown.
1607, Sept. 4. A poor boy, died in the streets.
Jany 15. One unknown, starved on Tower Hill.
[Entries of this kind are frequent — a sad picture of the
state of the poor.]
1613, Nov. 19. Wynifred,' wife of Ezekiel Culverwell,
Clerk.
16 17, June 4. Kathrine, dau. of Sir John Scorie, Knt.
1618, July 13. Frances Gouldsmith, wife of F. Gould-
smith, Esq.
[This lady has a monument in the corner, south aisle
chancel, nearly obliterated. ]
Jany 26. Joice, late wife of Mr. Edward Abbot,
Vicker of this par.
1619, June 5. "John Walker, silkraan, murdered."
1620, Jany 5. " A poore ffrenchman slain in the streets."
[Entries like this are very common, showing the fre-
quency of broils and street frays. See Strype's Annals."}
1621, June 19. Sir John Jolles, Knt., ffree of the Drapers.
[Lord Mayor, 13 Jas. I.]
1623, Feby 24. The Ladye Alice Jolles, widdow.
1622, Jany 21. Mr. John Burnell, March1.
[This gentleman has a monument, nearly defaced j
but his best memorial is the elegant oak Communion
table, which he presented to the church in 1618.]
* The years 1582 and 1593 also contain evidence of an
excessive mortality.
1623, Nov. 4. Abraham Waring, Minister of God's word,
and Curate of this p'sh.
1624, Sept. 10. Mr. Arthur Bassano, one of the King's
servants.
[His tombstone remains on the church floor, nearly
obliterated.]
1624, Decr 20. Bartram Midford, ffellow of Pembroke
Hall, Cambridge.
1625, Sept. 8. Mr. Frauncis Covell, one of the Vestrymen.
[He has an elegant monument on the south wall, which
records his benevolence to the parish.]
1626, Dee* 11. Mr. Antony Wotton, a worthy Minister.
1631, July 11. Rowlande Rainworth, a poore Minister.
1632, Aprill 2. Mr. John Davys, one that was drowned,
and a stranger.
[See The Obituary of W. Smith, Camden Society.]
1633, Mar. 28. Alice, wiffe of Mr. Robert Lovell, Curatt
of this p'sh.
1634, Mar. 6. Mr. Edward Abbott, Parson of this parish.
[See the Transactions of the London and Middlesex
ArchcEological -Society, 1862.]
1640, Novr 12. Baldwin Hameus, phisitian.
[This gentleman appears, from his monument in the
north aisle, to have been a Dutch physician of some
celebrity. There is a long Latin inscription.]
1644, Jany 1. John Hotham, Esqr. Beheaded for betra-
ing his trust to ye state.
Jany 2. Sir John Hotham, Knight, beheaded for
betraing his trust to the parl*.
Jany 11. William Laude, Archbishup of Canter-
berry, beheaded.
[Laud's body was removed to Oxford in 1665.]
1645, June 17. Dorathie Hotham, daur of Sir John H.,
Knt., and the Ladie Eliza, his wife.
1649, Januarie. [Under this date is a long entry re-
cording a dreadful accident which happened to
the church and parish, by which the former was
defaced, and many of the inhabitants of the lat-
ter destroyed by gunpowder. Not less than
thirty deaths occurred. The damage to the
church was chiefly confined to~the tower, which
became so unsafe that it had to be taken down
and rebuilt a few years subsequently.]
1650, August 23. Col1 Andrewes behedded, burried in the
Chauncell.
[Col. Eusebius Andrews, an old royalist, implicated
in a plot against the Parliament, and executed on Tower
Hill, Aug. 23, 1650.]
JuxTA TURBIM.
DR. PETER ALLIX.
DR. PETER ALLIX, " universally esteem'd^ the
greatest Master of the Age in Rabbinal Learning,"
died 21 Feb. 1717-18 (Historical Register). See
Haag's La France Protestante, Grasse's Lehrbuch
einer allgemeinen Literargeschichte, Hi. (2), 396,
note 52, 954, note 139 : Biogr. Brit, with the
Addenda in vol. ii. ; Saxe's Onomasticon, v. 297,
631.
Patrick's Autobiography (1839), 251 : —
" The Bishop, among other learned foreigners, had a
great esteem for the learned Dr. Peter Alix, who, when
the persecution was very hot in his own country, fled to
England, where he was well received by our Bishops,
426
NOTES AND QUERIES.
(.3'dS. II. Nov. 29, '62.
particularly by Bishop Burnet, who made him Treasurer
of Saruni, by which he was enabled to go forward with
his studies ; and as the Bishop was a candid reader of
other men's works, so none more ready to receive any
fair objections against his own. He was not so fond of
his own notions, but that he would give his friends free
leave to make what animadversions they thought fit.
Thus we find his friend Dr. Alix . . . ."
The appendix, containing the account of Pa-
trick's friends, suddenly breaks off here.
In a letter of Burnet's (Uhlius, Sylloge Nova
Epistolarum, vol. v. p. 33), he states that Allix
was engaged on an edition of the councils in four
volumes. On his works, see also Thesaur. Epistol.
Lacroz, ii. 92, iii. 40. Dr. Wm. Stanley, writing
to Dean Moss, 3 July, 1725, says : —
" I wish you could spur up Dr. Alix to publish his
father's papers. I wish I could see something done in it
before I die." (Nichols's Lit. Illustr. iv. 414.)
Allix was a correspondent of Dean Gale's
(Nichols's Lit. Anecd. iv. 542). He approved
John Humfrey's treatise, De Justificatione (C&lamy,
Account, 622). Evelyn's Diary, 8 July, 1686 : —
"I waited on the Archbishop at Lambeth, where I
dined and met the famous preacher and writer, Dr. Allix,
doubtless a most excellent and learned person. The
Archbishop and he spoke Latin together, and that very
readily."
See also Bentley's Correspondence, 243.
Dr. Peter Allix, the son, was rector of Castle
Camps, 1724, buried 15 Jan. 1758 (MS. Cole, xli.
325). The editor of Evelyn's Diary (ed. 1854,
ii. 243 n.) has confounded him with his father, as
Grasse has the father with Allinga, a Dutchman.
JOHN E. B. MATOK.
St John's College, Cambridge.
ANGLO -AMERICANISMS : " PLATFORM."
The Americans have gotten a bad name for de-
facing the English tongue with a number of words
seemingly compounded of thieves' slang, [dating
from the days when we sent our rogues to the
" plantations " ; bastard Red Indian epithets, and
original deformities of their own devising. I won't
pretend to find etymons for "bogus," "catawamp-
ous," "absquatulate," and the like; but most
students of philology are agreed that very many
so-called Americanisms were terms in common
use in England or Scotland long before the United
States were colonised. '; Skedaddle " has recently
been claimed as a north British archaism. The
word " platform," as used in a political sense, is
more to the point. Our cousins themselves seem
inclined to confess that " platform " is an Ameri-
canism,— that it has a direct connection with the
wooden stage on which political orations are de-
livered, and that it is only an enlargement of the
"stump." Thus we hear that the honourable
Rufus Such-a-one is prepared to defend the Re-
Eublican or the Democratic "platform" to the
ist " splinter " of the last " plank." Xcr.v, I hold
that the Americans got their " platform " from
us, and in this wise. In that curious omnium
gatherum of truth and lies the Bloody A.^izc.
(all the statements in which the great historian of
England has chosen to swallow entire, just
J. Wilson Croker s wallowed all the Jacobin enormi-
ties recounted by the Abbe Barruel, and endorsed
for his own purposes by unscrupulous old Cobbett
in the Bloody Buoy *) — in the Assize, or rather in
the " Life of George Lord Jeffreys " appended
thereto, you will find a curious deposition of Mr.
Moses Pitt, bookseller, who let a house near
Storey's Gate to the chancellor. Jeffreys also
coveted a piece of ground between the house and
the park. Pie begged it of the king, and obtained
it at a peppercorn rent. Now proceeds Mr.
Moses Pitt : —
"... All of which the Lord Chancellor agreed to. For
that purpose he sent for Sir Christopher Wren, his Ma-
jesty's Surveyor and myself, and ordered Sir Christopher
to take care to have the said Ground measured, and a
Platform taken of it, and that the Writings and Deeds be
prepared to pass the Great Seal."
The obvious meaning of "platform" is here a
draught or ground plan. What could be more na-
tural than that the draught or plan of action of a
knot of politicians should be called a " platform"?
In these instant days we hear of a Chancellor of the
Exchequer preparing a "sketch" of his "budget,"
which expression is to me a hundred times more
incongruous than the " platform."
Grant that English politicians had their " plat-
form " or scheme of action, the transplantation of
the word into American politics is easy of concep-
tion ; but in process of time, as spouting from
wooden stages grew into an " institution " in
America, the original bearing of- " platform " be-
came obscured, and was at last accepted as typical
of the boards on which the spouters stood. I
admit this to be a very roundabout way of reason-
ing, but what is the study of philology itself but a
concentric of that outer circle, whose circumfer-
ence is that of the history of the world ?
GBOKQE AUGUSTUS SAIA.
BYRON'S SCHOOL DAYS.
The following is an authentic anecdote of the
early school-life of Lord Byron, not hitherto pub-
lished.
* Louis Blanc's narrative of the "Terreur Blanche" in
his recently published volume of the History of the French
Revolution may be read as a salutary corrective. I don't
pin my faith to either historian ; but it is curious to re-
mark that the Abb^ Barruel accuses the Jacobins of hav-
ing young girls flogged arec des nerft de Ixeuf, and that
with these same nerfs de bceuf Louis Blanc accuses the
Royalists of having flagellated the daughters of the
people.
S. II. Xov. 29, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
427
He entered the Grammar School at Aberdeen
in the year 1794, and it was the custom to pass
from the forenoon class at twelve to the writing
school through the city churchyard. In the com-
pany of his two favourite companions, supported
on each side by an arm, on the 5th of February,
1795, while in the churchyard, a furious hurricane
in an instant, without the slightest warning, as-
sailed the trio, dashing them to the ground, and
blinding them with sleet and hail. Two of the
party contrived to scramble to the writing school,
a distance, perhaps, of two or three hundred yards,
concluding, of course, that he also had escaped
into the same retreat, and found their way to their
homes under the protection of the family servants
despatched for their safe escort.
In the evening of that dreadful day Mrs. Byron's
servant arrived at the house of the parents of one
of his companions, where he was in the habit of
spending an evening occasionally, inquiring if
master George was there, as he had not returned
home since he went to school in the morning. Not
finding him there it was surmised that he might
have gone home with the other companion, and on
not finding him there also, the servant returned
to the former house in the greatest alarm, anxious
to learn when they last saw him. She was in-
formed of the calamitous occurrence in the church-
yard ; and his companion then thinking it possible
that he might have sought a retreat under one of
the large gravestones, urged her at once to pro-
cure the assistance of the sexton, with a lantern,
and to search for the dear boy, who, to their joy,
they discovered, surrounded with snow, still in
life.
In the year 1825, after the death of George
Lord Byron, the writer of this, one of his school
companions, when in India, received a letter from
the biographer (T. Moore), inquiring if he could
furnish him with any incidents or anecdotes of
Lord Byron's early school-life, but being unable
to write at the time, he (Dr. C.) transmitted the
letter to the other school companion (Mr. Young),
then a Major in the Upper Provinces, asking him
to reply, and especially reminding him of the
churchyard catastrophe ; but it would appear that
this was never communicated to Mr. Moore, as
the same never appeared in the latter's life of the
poet. W. C.
fHtnor
"Boor AND SLEEVES." — Since you are so much
bent on the explication of current phrases, I
think I ought to send you what I have just stum-
bled on in looking up the privileges of the Scots in
France, as the probable origin of the above ex-
pression. It was primarily applicable to the
Scots Body Guard in France : for it would seem
that the first twenty-four guards, to whom the
first Gendarme of France being added, made up
the number of twenty-five, were commonly called
" Gards de Manche " — Sleeve Guards ; and were
all Scots by nation. Thus, in the time of James
VI., 1599, it appeared in answer to his and the
Queen-mother (Mary's) remonstrances against
the admission of any but Scottish gentlemen,
sprung of good families, that " three-fourths of
the Yeomen, as well of the body as of the sleeve,
were still Scots." SHOLTO MACDUFF.
PROPOSED CESSION OF GIBRALTAR TO SPAIN. —
" The Spaniard roars for his old rib;
But Elliot padlocks Donna Gib,
And swears he ne'er shall kiss her ;
Yet, as she only swells our debts,
Since Twitcher showed her naked streights,
Some think we scarce should miss her ! "
N. F. H.for Wit, vol. iv. p. 235.
The following is from the Annual Register for
1783, p. 140: —
" In the House of Commons a young member, sup-
posed on this occasion to be in the confidence of the admi-
nistration, made some pointed allusions to the cession of
Gibraltar ; with a view, it was imagined, of discovering
in what manner such a measure would be received by
the House. The alarm and dissatisfaction which this
information spread, was very considerable ; and, as it was
generally believed that the Minister was at this time
treating with the Court of Spain for the exchange of
that important fortress, it is probable that he was de-
terred from his purpose by the declaration of several
members of great weight in the House, that they con-
sidered it as a possession almost invaluable to this
country."
At a still earlier period, it was believed that
the ministers of George I. wished to restore Gib-
raltar to Spain ; but were deterred by the un-
popularity which they knew would attend on such
a proposal (Scots Magazine).
The discussion has lately been renewed by
Professor Goldwin Smith, who argues for the
voluntary cession of Gibraltar, on the ground of
its expense, of its uselessness to England, and^of
its being a continual irritating sore to Spain.
Whatever may be the force of this reasoning, it is
certain that no minister could, under present cir-
cumstances, venture to bring such a proposal
before Parliament. W. D.
CHARLOTTE SHORTER, LADY CONWAY. — In tin;
Hertford pedigree, published annually by Sir
Bernard Burke in his Peerage, a mistake is per-
petuated which may be fitly corrected in the
pages of " N. & Q." Charlotte Shorter, who was
the third wife of the first Lord Conway, is stated
to have been the daughter of Sir John Shorter,
who was Lord Mayor of London in 1688. This
is not the fact. Lady Conway was the grand-
daughter of Sir John Shorter ; having been one
of the two daughters of John Shorter of Bybrook,
in the county of Kent, Esq., son of the Lord
428
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3«» S. II. Nov. 29, '62.
Mayor, by Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Erasmus
Philipps, Bart, of Picton Castle, in the county of
Pembroke. Lady Conway'a sister was Katherine,
wife of Sir Robert Walpole. Mrs. Elizabeth
Shorter died on the 27th of July, 1728, as will
appear by the following extract : —
" My Aunt Shorter, elder yn my Father, died in Lon-
don, July 27Ih, 1728. She was taken ill of a Fever and
Ague on the 23rd." — MS. Diary of Sir Erasmus Philipps,
Sort.
JOHN PAVIN PHILLIPS.
Haverfordwest.
A BILINGUAL DERIVATION. — Strolling last sum-
mer along the Dyke of Ostend, I met a fellow-
student, a Trinity man of high repute in the
litercB humanioret. After the customary notices
of that magnificent work, he became very erudite
on its etymology, which, as he said, was based iu
the depths of classical antiquity : —
'HWojufc 8e Ofbv <jr?ivai Wpos' avrdp fry f/juw'
AEI'HE, Kal fytayti ir«'\oyoj fnfffov fls
Well, said I, here we have the dyke, and the
sea, and as pretty a breakwater as one could de-
sire : but Lexicon Sam (who, by the way, ortho-
graphises it dike) derives it more simply from
" die, Saxon, dyk, Erse." Sir, replied the scholar,
when Lexicon Sam found an etymon to his hand,
he seldom troubled himself with pursuing it ad
radices, A little more diligence would have found
his die and di/k in Seiiwui, as I have just shown
you from the Odyssey; and which, curiously
enough, is fortified by its Latin term, Ostendo :
thus, between Homer and Virgil, you have the
dyke and the town in the same word.
Why did I not think of this the other day, said
I, when I was getting squeamish on board the
Emerald, and the steward sung out, " Hold hard,
sir, yonder is Ostend;" and I faintly answered,
Quodcunque Ostendis mihi sic? Looking up for
acceptance of my " witty quotation" (which surely
deserves a place in " N- & Q-"), I missed my com-
panion : he had indignantly disappeared.
IBAM FORTE.
REMOTE TRADITIONS THROUGH FEW LINKS. —
In the Life of Baron Alderson, by his son Charles
Alderson, M.A., Fellow of All Souls, Oxford,
writing from Appleby, February 19, 1833, the
Baron says (p. 58) : —
" I saw a tombstone in the churchvard here, the re-
cord of three persons of the name of hall. The grand-
father died in 1716, aged 109, and the father aged 86 ; and
the con died in 1821, aged 106. So that the father had
seen a man (his father) who saw James I. ; and also a
man (his son) who saw me, or might have done so."
A.
WIMPOLE STREET. — Dr. Brown, in his Horce
Subseciva, tells us in a note to his very interest-
ing paper on the late Arthur Hallam, that the
"long unlovely street," in which Tennyson in In
Memoriam represents himself as standing at a
door, waiting for the pressure of his frk-ndV h.tnd,
was \Vimpole Street, in which the llall;im.-i lived.
The " long, unlovely " character of this
must be familiar to all Londoners. There is an
anecdote of Sydney Smith, which I have iiover
seen in print, and which may not be authentic,
connected with this street. It is certainly cha-
racteristic. According to the version I have
heard, the Canon was in his last illness, and
moralising upon the instability of earthly things,
observed ; " Ah ! there's an end to all things —
except," he added, correcting himself, "except
Wimpole Street I " If the story is new, it is
perhaps worthy of a place in " N. & Q." Can
any of your correspondents give me authority for
it, if it is true. ALFRED AINGER.
Alrewaa.
BACON QUERIES. — 1. In Bacon's Essay "Of
Prophecie," the following is quoted : —
" There shall be scene upon a day,
Betweene the Bavgh and the May,
The.BIacke Fleet of Norway, &c."
It has been suggested to me that by the
" Baugh " is meant the Bass Rock, and by the
" May," the Isle of May in the Frith of Forth.
The two are associated in " The Complaynt " of
Sir David Lyndsay (Works, i. p. 277, cd. Chal-
mers) : —
" Quhen the Bas, and the Isle of May,
Beis set upon the Mont Sinay."
But I should be glad to know if there is any
authority for such a conjecture, which in itself is
reasonable. Had "Bas" at any time a French
pronunciation, through which it might be written
Bavgh f or was this another name for the rock ?
2. What wns the earliest date at which the fol-
lowing prophecy of Nostrodamus appeared ? It is
applied to Henry II. of France, who died of a
wound received in a tournament in 1559. The
following is the thirty-fifth quatrain of the first
century of " Les Propheties," as it appears in the
edition of 1568 : —
" Le Lion ieune le vieux surmontera,
En champ bellique par singulier duelle,
Dans cage d'or les yeux lay creuera,
Deux classes vue, puis mourir moit cruelle."
For " classes " in the last line the later edition
of Garancieres has " plaies." Do these lines
appear in the edjtion of 1555 P
W. ALOIS WRIGHT.
Cambridge.
MSS. OF BISHOP BAINES. — About seven years
ago I saw in a shop in Fleet Street a collection of
MS. letters of the late highly esteemed Bishop
3rd S. II. Nov. 29, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
429
Baines, on the question of Anglican Ordinations.
Some of them were addressed " My dear Sir
Harry," and, if I am not mistaken, there were also
transcripts of certain documents connected with
Courayer's work on English Orders, which had
once belonged to Mr. Charles Butler of Lincoln's
Inn. Would the present owner dispose of them,
or permit the undersigned to have a copy of them ?
FREDERICK GEORGE LEE, F.S.A.
Fountain Hall, Aberdeen, N. B.
BARTLET. — Will any one describe the arms of
Thomas Bartlet, who died in 1489, a monument to
whom, and to his wife Elizabeth was afterwards
erected in the church at Billinghurst, Sussex ?
Information as to his ancestors and descendants is
also required. E. W. B,
MATHEW BARLOW. — I shall be much obliged
by any information respecting this person, who
was in April, 1662, of All Hallows, Bread Street,
London. In particular, I should be glad of a
reference to his will. J. P.
Clifton.
ANTIQUE BATH. — Pinkerton, in his Essay on
Medals, 1719 (i. 10), makes the following state-
ment in alluding to Thomas, Earl of Arundel and
Surrey, Earl Marshal of England, "well known
by the Arundelian Tables, and other monuments
of antiquity which he imported into the island
from Greece and Italy" : —
" In the cellar of a house in Norfolk Street, in the
Strand, is a fine antique bath, formerly belonging to this
Earl of Arundel, whose house and gardens were adjacent.
It is a pity it ia not more known and taken care of."
Query, Is anything known of this bath ? Is it
still in Norfolk 'Street ? A. W. M.
LORD CLYDE'S REGULATIONS. — During the
sepoy mutiny, Lord Clyde issued regulations for
the preservation of the health of the English
troops. Where can they be found ? W. J.
CHEAP FOOD FOR THE POOH. — A few years ago
a money prize was offered by a lady of title for
the best receipts for cheap and wholesome food
for the poor, but I never heard the result. If
successful, a knowledge of such receipts would
now be of the greatest importance to those who,
like myself, are resident amongst the distressed
operatives of Lancashire, and I shall be truly
thankful to any reader of " N. & Q." who can
direct me to such information. As the prize was
a most liberal one, it could not fail to produce
some important suggestions. M. D.
ROBERT DYSON. — Can any of your correspon-
dents inform me where I can meet with
" The last dying Words, Speech, and Confession of
Robert Dyson (of Bawtry), who was executed at Ty-
burn, near York, on Wednesday, Aug. 30, 1797, for em-
bezzling one Bank of England bill, &c., and destroying a
letter in which the said bill was inclosed."
C. J. D. INGLEDEW.
North Allerton.
EDWARD THE BLACK PRINCE. — Canon Stan-
ley, in his interesting work, Historic Memorials of
Canterbury, asserts that this renowned hero died
at Westminster: "Day by day his strength ebbed
away, and he never again moved from the Palace
at Westminster," p. 129.
How can this be reconciled with the poetical
account by Sir Walter Scott of the death of the
Black Prince, given in RobJRoy : — i
" Sad over earth and ocean sounding,
And England's distant cliffs astounding,
Such are the notes should say
How Britain's hope, and France's fear,
Victor of Cressy and Poitier,
In Bourdeaux dying lay :
" ' Raise my faint head, my Squires,' he said,
' And let the casement be display'd,
That I may see once more
The splendour of the setting sun
Gleam on thy mirror'd wave, Garonne,
And Blaye's empurpled shore.' "
Your readers will of course recollect the severe
criticism passed on this effusion of Mr. Frank
Osbaldistone by his father. OXONIENSIS.
EGYPTIAN INSCRIPTIONS. — In Schiller's Essay
on the Legation of Moses, first printed in the 10th
part of the Thalia, I find the following state-
ments : —
1. That on a pyramid at Sais this inscription
was found : " Ich bin alles, was ist, was war, und
was seyn wird ; kein sterblicher Mensch hat
meinen Schleyer aufgehoben."
2. That under an ancient statue of Isis, these
words were to be read :. " Ich bin was da ist."
Schiller does not give any references. I am
consequently not able to verify the statements.
Can any of your correspondents give me any infor-
mation on the subject ? I would beg particularly
to inquire in what language, and in what charac-
ters the supposed inscriptions were written.
MELETES.
JOHN GILPIN. — In a recently printed volume,
entitled, Colliers' Water, Croydon (12mo, 1862),
which the emblems on the title-page seem to
assign to some city author, I find it stated that the
farm of Colliers' Water, which is the chief subject
of the book, was at one time, " in the possession of
the renowned John Gilpin and his good dame,
whose journey to Edmonton the poet Cowper has
immortalised in verse. This good citizen sprang,"
it is farther affirmed, " from a noble ancestry, as
recorded in English history." A biography is
then given of Bernard Gilpin, the Apostle of the
North, after which the writer proceeds thus, at
p. 49 : —
430
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. Nov. 29, '62.
"George Gilpin, the brother of Bernard Gilpin, was
likewise a clergyman, and had a large family : his eldest
aon lived at Cheam, in Surrey. From this branch we
trace the lineage to John Gilpin, citizen of London. His
parents lived in Westmoreland, and he was sent to Lon-
don to learn the business of draper, and was apprenticed
in Fleet Street; married, and commenced business in
Newgate Street, where he must have lived forty years or
more, very near to Christ's Hospital. He was very suc-
cessful, and bought an estate in Kent, and the old Colliers'
Water Farm, in Surrey. At his death, in 1750, he leaves
his property to his two daughters, who were married, his
only sou having died young. Thus we see that the poet
Cowper had some knowledge of his friend of London's
great city, though perhaps he might have been very im-
perfectly informed as to his lineage, of which Mr. Gilpin
was very justly proud."
In addition to these particulars, it has been
stated in a newspaper, that Mr. Bennington, the
present occupier of Colliers' Water, and in whose
family it has been for many years, has in his pos-
session several deeds of the Gilpin family. There
is so much fiction mixed up with fact in the little
volume alluded to, that one is inclined to ask to
which of these regions the assertions respecting
John Gilpin belong. If to the latter, it would be
very agreeable if the writer of Colliers' Water, be
he whom he may, would link his name with that
of Cowper, by communicating the evidence of his
assertions to your pages. I. BE.
HEIRESS' SON. — Can you tell me whether the
son of an heiress is entitled to quarter his mother's
arms in her lifetime ? P. I. F.
LEGRAND'S PSALMS OF DAVID. — Can any of
the contributors of " N. & Q." give any account
of a version of the Psalms of David, which first
appeared in 1740? The title as follows : —
" The Psalms of David in Metre. Collected out of the
principal versions now in use. To which are added
Hymns' particularly designed for the Lord's Supper.
Dublin : printed by S(arah) Powell for Abraham Brad-
ley, at the Two Bibles in Dame's Street, over against Syca-
more Alley, M.DCCXL." 12mo, pp. 362, and 10 pages of
Tunes.
A copy that the writer has seen was lettered on
the back, " Legrand's Psalms." The collection
was again reprinted at Belfast in 1776- Several
of the versions are by the editor, and to the
others the names of the versifiers are given.
DANIEL SEDQWICK.
LOVELACE or QUIDDENHAM. — Where can a
copy of the pedigree of Lovelace of Quiddenbam
Hall, Norfolk, be seen ? L. Q.
"THE OLD OAK.EN BUCKET," &c. — Will some
one inform me where I can find a poem (I believe
by an American author), the burden of each verse
of which is : —
" The old oaken bucket, the moss-covered backet,
That hangs by the well "?
A. AL.
ORATORIOS. — Who are authors of the libretto of
1. Israel Restored, by Bexfield, performed at Nor-
wich about 1850? '2. Ruth, by Forbes, performed
in London 1857 ? R. INGLIS.
RECORD PUBLICATIONS. — In the year 1853, lists
of the probates and administrations granted in the
different dioceses were printed and supplied to
the diocesan registrars, and I believe to a few
other public officers. I wish to know how copies
of these lists can be obtained. I have inquired at
the office of the Queen's Printer, and other places,
for information, in vain. F. FITZ-HENRT.
ROYAL STANDARD. — What is the rule with
respect to the use of the Royal Standard ? I
mean by Royal Standard a flag on which are de-
picted the arms of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland. I was under the impression
that this flag was only hoisted on fortresses or ships
when the sovereign was present in person, but,
being detained by the late gales in the Island of
Guernsey, I was surprised to see it, on the anni-
versary of the Prince of Wales's birthday, flying
over Castle Cornet and Fort George. It appeared
to attract attention as a novelty, but I presume
that the Lieutenant-Governor of Guernsey would
scarcely have given directions for it to be hoisted,
or have allowed it to remain flying during the
whole of the day, unless the use of it on such an
occasion had been according to rule. TOURIST.
DEAN SWIFT : MACKY'S " MEMOIRS." — Can you
inform me whether there has been any notice
taken of certain MS. marginal notes made by
Dean Swift, in a copy of Macky's Memoirs, Lon-
don, 1733 ? I had an indistinct idea that these
appeared in " N. & Q." ; but if so, I cannot now
find them. Or, have they been noticed else-
where ?*
The following notices, occur on a fly-leaf of a
copy of Macky's Memoirs in my possession, in the
exquisite left-hand writing of Bishop Jebb : —
" The following MS. information is copied from the
original in Mr. Thorp's own handwriting, in a copy of
Macky's Memoirs, which was purchased at the sale of
the late Mr. Charles Butler's books by Mr. Cochran,
Bookseller; and by his kindness put into my bands,
that all the notes might be transcribed by me.
" JOHN (JEBB), Bp. of Limerick.
" East Hill, Wandsworth,
Feb. 16, 1833."
" The gift of Robert Thorp, p:sq., to Doctor Will™
King, Principal of St. Mary Hall ; as a token of respect
and esteem, as well as acknowledgement for the many
favours conferred by Docr King on Mr. Thorp during his
residence at Oxford : and which is only rendered of any
value, as it may recal to Dr King's mind the many
agreeable hours he had spent with that great genius the
Rev* Doctr Jonathan Swift, Dean of St. Patrick'.-, in
[* The Dean's notes are printed in the Supplement to
Swift's Works, edit. 1779, vol. iii. pp. 348— 350.— ED.]
3rd S. II. Nov. 29, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
431
Ireland, author of the several observations and remarks
contained in these trifling memoirs.
" Oxford, April y« 10th, 1759."
" The following note is added, in another hand.
" J. L.
" ' Mr. King added the MS. notes, in his own Jiand,
from Swift.'
" Not so : the handwriting of the above memorandum,
and of the notes, is the same ; and that, manifestly, the
handwriting of the donor, Mr. Thorp. How he had ac-
cess to Swift's autograph, or whether he had access to it
[at] all, does not appear. But there cannot be a doubt
that the notes are the genuine production of Swift.
They are exactly in the manner of those on Bishop Bur-
net's Own Time, published by Dr. Routh; betraying,
throughout, the same sarcastic severity and the same
unhappy temper. *
' J. L.
The above-mentioned notes of Swift are all in-
serted in the margin of the book, in Bishop Jebb's
handwriting. J. JEBB.
Peterstow Rectory.
TAYLOR THE PLATONIST. — I understand that a
privately printed work was issued in 1831, called,
A brief Notice of Thomas Taylor, the celebrated
Platonist, with a complete List of his published
Works, by J. J. W. 8vo, pp. 16. I cannot find
this book in the British Museum. If any reader
of " N. & Q." can tell me where a copy may be
seen, or, still better, lend me one for two or three
days, he will confer a great favour.
EDWARD PEACOCK, F.S.A.
TENNYSON. — Can any one give me the reference
to the Laureate's famous couplet to something
like this effect : —
" Sayings, five-words long,
That sparkle on the forefinger of old Time"?
STUDENT.
TRINITY COLLEGE, DUBLIN : ITS CENTENARY. —
In 1694 Nahum Tate wrote, and Henry Purcell
set to music, an Ode commemorating the cente-
nary of the foundation of Trinity College, Dublin.
The words of this Ode were printed in the Gentle-
maris Journal for January and February, 1694,
where it is described as " An Ode upon the 9th of
January, 1694, the anniversary of the University
of Dublin, being one hundred years since their
foundation by Queen Elizabeth." No allusion is
made to its performance, the writer merely adding
that " Mr. Tate, who was desired to make it, has
given Mr. Purcell an opportunity, by the easiness
of the words, to set them to music with his usual
success." The score of the music was printed by
Goodison in his collection of Purcell's pieces, with
the title of " Commemoration Ode, performed at
Christ Church, in Dublin, Jan. 9, 169f." Manu-
script scores of earlier date are extant, in which
the same statement as to the place of performance
is made. But the Ode being of a purely secular
" * On consideration, more frequently abusive than
sarcastic."
character gives occasion for doubt as to the accu-
racy of such statement. I should feel obliged to
any correspondent who can elucidate this subject
by giving some particulars of the nature of the
commemoration ceremonies, which were probably
not confined to the performance of the Ode ; and
especially if it can be ascertained where, how, and
by whom the Ode was performed, and whether the
composer went over to Dublin to superintend the
production of his work ? W. H. HUSK.
WELSH CHAP-BOOKS. — Can any of your readers
inform me where I can find an account of Chap-
Books or Garlands of Local Songs in the Welsh
Language, or any auctioneers' catalogues in which
they have occurred for same ? I purchased, a
few weeks since, nine ; each consists of eight pages
with woodcuts on title, and date about 1760.
JOHN PEARSON.
Millbank Row, Westminster.
WILDFIRE. — Can any of your many readers
tell what natural phenomenon is meant by the
wildfire, of which we read in the old law books? —
" Si parte del terre en leas soit ure ove Wildfire, uncore
ceo ne faira ascun apportionment [of the rent] ; car le
terre remain nient obstant, et ne poet estre issint consume,
mes ascun benefit poet estre fait de ceo." — Rolle's Abr. 236
(C.), pi. 3, referring to Dyer's Reports 35 Hen. VIII. 56.
It appears to be spoken of even by Rolle, who
lived in the former part of the seventeenth cen-
tury, as something which, if not very common,
was at all events sufficiently known to require
no explanation ; and the extent of the mischief is
also alluded to in the words which contain the
reason of the decision. • DAVID GAM.
CURFEW. — On the 30th of July, 1862, I went
over Exeter Cathedral ; the nave, minstrels' gal-
lery, choir, organ-loft, north tower, to the great
bell and leads, and then again descended into the
building. It was approaching eight o'clock in
the evening (still daylight), when a man, whose
office it was, came into the north transept to toll
the curfew. The north tower contains the Peter
bell only. The peal of ten bells are suspended in
the south tower. The great bell is not rung ; the
clock strikes upon it, and it is tolled by hand by
means of a rope which descends from the hammer
(an egg-shaped mass of iron as big as a child's
head) down to the floor. To perform the opera-
tion, it is necessary to pull the rope to raise the
hammer, and then let it go, when the weight of
the iron brings it down upon the bell ; but it im-
mediately flies back an inch by the action of a
spring placed under it for the purpose, so that the
vibration of the bell is not impeded. I had never
tolled the curfew, and I thought this was an oppor-
tunity not to be lost. Thinking of William the
Conqueror, I went over and took the rope in my
432
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. Nov. 29, '62.
hand, and then did as I was bid. First, I struck
thirty-one strokes, not rapidly, for it was not
easy to strike quick with that hammer; then I
was directed to wait for about ten seconds, and
then I struck eight strokes more. This over, 1
asked for an explanation. The man called the
operation "tolling the curfew," but what curfew
meant he could not explain. It was an old cus-
tom in Exeter ; but beyond that he was lost. I
elicited a vague and uncertain sort of explanation,
that the first thirty-one strokes referred to the
days in the month, and the following eight to the
time of day. So much for my Note. My Query
would solicit some account of curfew in this,
country, whether it was not abolished by one of
William's immediate successors, how it came to
be revived, and especially to inquire in what
parishes this old feudal custom is still kept up.
P. HUTCHINSON.
[Although there is no evidence to show that the
couvre-feu law originated with the Norman Conqueror,
yet it appears certain that in the year 1068 he ordained
that all people should put out their fires and lights at the
eight o'clock bell, and go to bed. This law was rigidly
observed during his own reign, and that of his successor.
In 1103, Henry I. repealed or modified the enactment of
his father, and restored the use of lamps at court after
the ringing of the curfew-bell. But although the couvre- !
fen law was abrogated by Henry I., yet the custom of
ringing the ball at eight o'clock long continued (Knight's
Life of Dean Colet, p. 6), and is not only mentioned in
several old documents, but even to the present time in
London as well as in some parts of the country —
" The curfew tolls the knell of parting day."
For the places where the bell is still tolled, we must
refer our correspondent to the General Index to our First
Series (art. "Curfew "), in which a reference is made to
fourteen articles specifying the churches where the cus-
tom is continued. Consult also an interesting paper on
the Curfew Bell in The Journal of the British Archaeolo-
gical Association, No. xiv. p. 133.]
THE LORD MAYOR OF LONDON'S DIAMOND
SCEPTRE, ETC. — It is a general idea that at the
the demise of the sovereign the Lord Mayor of
London is king ad interim till the Privy Council
receive notice. Has the diamond sceptre, which
was mentioned last year at the inauguration of
the Lord Mayor of London, any connection with
this circumstance ? Mention was made lately of
a sceptre of the Lord Mayor's as follows : —
" The sceptre is the emblem of the jurisdiction exer-
cised in the city of London by its chief magistrate, and
as such has been tendered to the sovereign along with the
keys on the occasion of a royal visit to the east of Tem-
ple Bar. On being entrusted to Messrs. Rundell and
Bridges some years since for needful repairs, the crown
was found by those gentlemen to be made out of an alloy
not used in art manufacture since the Conquest. The
fleurs-de-lis which ornamented the crown were added
about the time when the Plantagenet kings first set up
their claim to the throne of France, perhaps in the time
of Richard II."
Is this the diamond sceptre before mentioned P
From a representation, it has evidently jewels
set in it, or the places where they have been
set. " There is also a black sword." This is
borne before his lordship on the SOth January,
and 2nd September in each year, as a memento of
the death of King Charles I., " and of the com-
mencement and termination of the Great Fire of
London." When was this sword made ? Pro-
bably in the reign of King Charles II.
L. M. L.
[The dignity and power of the Lord Mayor of London
is great. He is the representative of royalty in the civil
government of the city, and is always summoned to the
council on the accession of a new sovereign. By virtue of
his authority, as chief magistrate, he takes precedence of
all other subjects within his jurisdiction. This precedence
was successfully asserted and established during the
mayoralty of Sir James Shaw at the funeral of Lord
Nelson in 1806, when, on its arrival at Temple Bar, the
Lord Mayor took precedence of the Prince of Wales and
the Dukes of York and Clarence. The emblem of his
authority, the Mace (sometimes called a Sceptre) is pre-
served in the Chamberlain's Office. The staff, about
eighteen inches in length, is composed of crystal, cut and
channeled, and alternated with bands df gold, in which
the channeling is continued. The channeling of the
crystal is filled with thin fillets of gold; and the golden
divisions are decorated at intervals with eight strings of
large seed-pearls. The coronet is composed of four
crosses and four fleurs-de-lis, and decorated with three
rubies and three sapphires, besides six very large seed-
pearls, and other pearls arranged in groups. There is
in record of the time when this curious relic was ori-
ginally made ; but in its present shape it has been as-
signed to the early part of the fifteenth century. In the
ceremonials of the various coronations the Lord Mayor is
always described as " bearing the Mace." For these his-
torical notices of the Mace we are indebted to an interest-
ing article in the first volume of The Transactions of the
London and Middlesex Archaeological Society, p. 355,
where also is given an engraving of it. There are four
swords belonging to the city, which were formerly carried
on stated occasions. The Hack, used on Good Friday,
30th January, the Fire of London, and all Fast days, when
his Lordship ought to go to St. Paul's. It is still pre-
served at the Mansion House, but has not been used in
any pageant for. many years. The common sword, to go
to the sessions, courts of aldermen, common council, &c.
The Sunday sword, and the Pearl sword, which used to
be but seldom carried, but is now exhibited on all occa-
sions.]
MORIANS.
Psalm Ixviii. 81 (Prayer Book translation): "Then
shall the princes come out of Egypt : the Morians' land
shall soon stretch out her hands unto God."
Psalm Ixxx. 4. " Behold ye the Philistines also : and
they of Tyre, with the Morians ; lo, there was he bora."
This is the translation of the great Bible of
1541, the word " Morians " being spelt in the 6rst
instance Moryans, and in the latter Morians, as it
appears now ; and the Morians' land expresses
Ethiopia, or the Land of Cush, as it is in the He-
brew. The Bishops' Bible by Jugge, 1568, reads
Ethiopia.
I am at a loss for the history of the word Mo-
rians, which seems to express Moors, or dark men,
but where else does it appear ? The change of
3*d S. II. Nov. 29, '62.]
NOTES AND QUEKIES.
433
the word in the Bishops' Bible would appear to
imply that it was hardly understood even at that
time. Can any of your learned correspondents
enlighten me? W.
fWe are inclined to think that the word Morians, as
employed in the two passages cited by our correspondent,
must be traced to the mediaeval Mauriana, which was
the name of an episcopal city of that part of Mauritania
which is now Algiers. There was also an African mar-
tyr, S. Maurianus, called also S. Publius.
" Although Morians may have been used as an equiva-
lent to " Moors," it seems desirable to bear in mind that
the latter term formerly applied to bltcks or negroes,
though now used in another sense. Of this meaning of
the word Moor we still have a trace in blackamoor. The
" Moor of Venice " also is understood by some to have
been a negro, not what we now call a Moor ; and a care-
ful reader of the play will detect many things which tend
to strengthen that conclusion. We offer these remarks,
because it seems to have been in a similar sense that the
term Morians' land was used for "Gush" or "Ethio-
pia."]
SIR WM. MONSON. — Some writers, on subjects
more or less historical relating to Devonshire, ob-
serve that when Edward III. projected an invasion
of France, he required from Sidmouth (amongst
other places) a contribution to his forces of three
ships, and sixty-two mariners. These writers, as
their authority for the assertion, refer to Sir Wil-
liam Monson's Naval Tracts. For historical pur-
poses I have wished to verify this point. Some
years ago I tried to find a copy of these old tracts
in the British Museum, but failed. Can any one
kindly inform me whether they are in existence,
and whether they are get-at-able ? Excuse this
expressive compound word. P. HUTCHINSON.
[Sir William Monson's Naval Tracts are printed in
Churchill's Collection of Voyages, 1704, vol. iii. pp. 155-560,
and are easily come-at-able in the Reading-room of the
British Museum, press-mark 2058 d. "They are very
little known, or noticed," says James Pettit Andrews,
"in comparison of their merits." (Anecdotes, p. 30.) Con-
sult also "N. &. Q." 2"d S. xi. 101.]
GEORGE SMITH. — The following inscription I
have just copied from a penny ground smooth : —
" Speak of me as you find. George Smith, Cast to Death,
May 12, 1831." On the reverse, "When this 3^ou see, o
Think of me, and Bear me In your mind, Let all the
world say Avhat They will."
Perhaps you may be able to give me some in-
formation respecting this George Smith. What
gave rise to the expression, " cast to death ? "
E. L/.
[George Smith was indicted before the first Middlesex
jury on May 12, 1831, for stealing, on the 29th of April, at
St. Andrew, Holborn, a mare valued 15/., the property of
Charles Harrington Twight. Found guilty : sentence,
Death ; but we do not find that he was hanged. — To cast
for death, is to condemn, or to give a verdict of guilty.
In one of King James's apothegms it is said, that "a jury
may cast upon evidence."]
SANCTUAHY. — Where can I find a history of
Sanctuary, from the earliest to the latest period
of the existence of the privilege ? E. P.
[Historical notices of the privilege of sanctuary will
be found in Kempe's Church of St. Mnrtin-le- Grand ;
Tomlins's Law Dictionary, ed. 1835 ; Reeve's Hist, of
the English Law; Comyn's Digest, art. "Abjuration;"
4 Blackstone'ti Commentaries ; Hallam's Middle Ages,
ed. 1853, iii. 302, and Supplemental Notes; and any
C}rclopaedia, except the new edition of the Encyclopaedia
Sritannica. The privilege of sanctuary was taken from
churchyards, as well as from all other places, in 1623, by
the 21 Jac. I. c. 28, which provides: "That no sanc-
tuary, or privilege of sanctuary, shall be hereafter ad-
mitted or allowed in any case."]
ST. CECILIA, THE PATRONESS OF MUSIC.
(3rd S. ii. 370.)
To point out about what period St. Cecily be-
came regarded as the patroness of music, I take
to be as hopeless a task, and I may add one as
unprofitable, as to undertake to decide a similar
question of patronage for many other saints.
There seems, however, to be a special object in
the inquiry with respect to St. Cecily; which is to
ascertain why she has been chosen patroness of
music, if there be really no allusion to her being
musical in her Acts. Dr. Milner's authority is of
no small weight, and he declares that in her an-
cient Acts there is no mention of her playing
music herself; but only that while music was
playing, in the festivities on the day of her nup-
tials, she was singing in her heart to the Lord her
earnest wish to be preserved in her purity :
" Cantantibus organis, Csecilia in corde suo de-
cantabat, Fiat, Domine, cor meum immaculatum."
And Dr. Milner contends that her patronage of
music is wholly grounded on a misinterpretation
of this passage.
The German work of A. v. M., Die Attribute
der Heiligen, takes precisely the same view. This
is his explanation, speaking of St. Cecily : —
" War dem Heiden Valerian verlobt. Wollte aber
Jungfrau bleiben, und betete deshalb am Hochzeitstage
nur urn gottliche Hiilfe, nicht achtend auf die Feier-
klftnge der hochzeitlichen Musik. (Cantantibus organis,
ilia in corde suo soli Domino decantabat.) Von diesem
missverstandenen Ausdrucke, ' organa,"1 musikalische In-
strumente, ist Sie von den Malern zur Heiligen der Mu-
sik gemacht. Die Orgel ist aber weit spater erfunden."
The Acts of St. Cecily are generally considered,
as the judicious Alban Butler says, "of very small
authority." Fleury also, when relating the dis-
covery of the body of St. Cecily by Pope Paschal,
in 820, and its translation into her church at
Rome, observes that her Acts appear to be indeed
more ancient than the period of that translation,
but not sufficiently so to be quite worthy of be-
lief: " mais non pas assez pour y donner une
entiere creance." (Hist. Secies, lib. xlvi. § 41.) He
notices, however, that the Acts were believed at
434
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[8"» S. II. Nov. 29, '62.
that time, since Pope Paschal had one of the
precious hangings, with which he adorned her
church, wrought with a representation of the
angel crowning SS. Cecily, Valerian, and Tibur-
t in~, with wreaths, as described in the Acts.
The Acts of St. Cecily were compiled by Si-
meon Metaphrastes in the tenth century. The
feneral character of his compilations is well
nown : —
" II ne se contenta pas de rassembler les vies originates ;
il en changea le style et les refit pour la plupart, les
trouvant trop simples et trop o'loignees du gout de son
siecle, qui n'etoit pas celui du vrai et du nature), mais du
brillant et du merveilleux. Ainsi, rapportant les actes
des martyr?, il ne les donne pas dans leur premiere sim-
plicite', mais il les abrege ou les am pi i fie : il fait dire aux
saints, non pas ce qu'ils ont dit en effet, mais ce qu'H
juge qu'ils devoient dire, et retranche souvent des paroles
importantcs. — Simeon ne s'est pas content^ de changer le
style des actes; il y a souvent ajoute des miracles et
d'autres fails qu'il a cru e'difians, soit qu'il les ait inventes,
ou pris d'ailleurs." — Fleury, Hist. Eccl, lib. Iv. § 31.
Surius has given the Life of St. Cecily in many
respects similar to that by Simeon Metaphrastes ;
but he is hardly more trustworthy. L'Advocat
says of him : —
" Surius avoit de Pe'rudition, mais il donnoit tete bais-
se'e dans les fables, et manquoit de critique."
I have an English version of the Life of St.
Cecily by Metaphrastes, and there is not a word
in it about music. I have also a French Life of
the Saint taken from Surius, and the only men-
tion of music in that con6rms the opinion of Dr.
Milner, and of the German writer referred to
above. These are the words of the French ac-
count, taken from Surius : —
" Lorsqu'elle entendoit deja les concerts et les sym-
phonies qui se trouvent dans ces sortes de magnificences ;
elle chantoit au fond de son coeur ces paroles de David :
Que mon corps, etc."
But in a question of this kind, the authenticity
of the Acts of a Saint is immaterial. Painters
and poets, as well as devout votaries, would lay
hold of the current traditions, to furnish emblems
of a saint, as well as to guide their choice of a
patron for any art, science, or profession, without
much care to ascertain how far those traditions
were deserving of credit. The early painters did
not represent this Saint with any musical in-
strument. Cimabue, in the thirteenth century,
painted her merely with a palm branch and book.
Fra Angelico, in the fourteenth, represented her
only with the wreath of white lilies and red roses
on her head, which forms so prominent a feature
in her Life by Metaphrastes : and on the rood-
screen at North Elraham in Norfolk, probably of
about the same date, the Saint is painted with a
similar wreath on her head, and in her hand.
Several other rood-screen paintings represent her
also with flowers and wreaths only, in allusion to
the same legend. Raphael appears to have been
the first who painted St. Cecily as musical, with
organ pipes in her hand ; and later artists have
improved upon this, by representing her playing
upon a violin, or a harp. But De Vois has gone
the farthest in his picture of St. Cecily ; where
one angel is regularly seated at an organ and
playing, and another is looking on, while the Saint
sits crowned with her wreath, and is singing to
the angel who plays.
Poets have not been behindhand with painters
in celebrating the Saint, in connexion with music.
Innumerable odes have been written in her praise ;
but Dryden, in his celebrated Ode, actually makes
her the inventress of the organ, which is an out-
rageous poetical license : —
" At last divine Cecilia came,
Inventress of the vocal frame ;
The sweet enthusiast from her sacred store
Enlarged the former narrow bounds,
And added length to solemn sounds,
With Nature's mother wit, and arts unknown before."
For my own part, I do not believe that there
is any authentic foundation for attributing musi-
cal talent of any kind to St. Cecily : and 1 incline
considerably to the sententious account of the
Saint by L'Advocat, in his Dictionnaire Historique-
Portatif, expressed in these words : —
" Sainte Cecile est honored comme Martyre dans
1'Eglise Latine depuis le 5e siecle; mais on ignore ce qui
concerne sa vie, ses actions, et sa mort."
F. C. H.
WILLS AT THE COURT OF PROBATE.
(3rd S. ii. 341, 403.)
In compliance with the request of J. G. N. I
send some additional notes towards a catalogue
of the British wills that have been already printed.
Your correspondent will be doing good service to
antiquaries if he will compile and print such a
list ; but he should certainly include those which
appear in family histories and privately printed
books. If an endeavour be made to select " per-
sons of eminence," and index them only, endless
confusion will ensue. Who are eminent persons,
is a query that the editor of " N. & Q." would
probably not admit into these pages ; it is a
question, however, that will suggest itself to every
one who may have the misfortune to use fruit-
lessly such a select catalogue. Every will that
has been worthy of type and printer's ink is
worthy also of a line in an index to indicate its
whereabouts. The number of printed wills is not
great, exclusive of the collection of wills named
by J. G. N. I do not believe a complete index
would occupy more than ten pages of " N. & Q."
1303. John Schayl, Burgess of Hull. Frost's Historic
Notices of Hull, Appendix xxx.
1498-9. Marmaduke Clervaux of Croft, co. Durham.
Longstuffe's Hist, of Darlington, Ixxii.
S'"d S. II. Nov. 29, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
435
1505.
1519.
1550.
1556.
1557.
1565.
1571.
1577.
1578.
1579.
1580.
1581.
1581.
1582.
1583.
1589.
1610.
1616.
1618.
1655.
1669.
1717.
John Allyn, Dean of St. Patrick's, Dublin. Monk
Mason's Hist, of St. Patrick's, Dublin. Appendix
xiv.
John Lee of Chertesey. Gent. Mag. vol. Ixxxi.
pt, 1, p. 30.
Alice Swerdor, widow, of Harlowe, co. Essex.
Ibid. vol. cxvi. part 2, p. 153.
Eobart Arden of Wyllmcote. Halliwell's Life of
Shakespere, 1848, p. 15.
Arthur Wilson (of Sheffield?) Hunter's Hallam-
shire, p. 60.
Andrew Browne, Burgess of Kinsale. Gent. Mag.
vol. cxxxii. pt. 2, p. 300.
Danyell Conwey (of Cork?) Ibid. vol. cxxxi.
pt. 2, p. 35.
Adam Goole (of Cork?) Ibid. vol. cxxxi. pt. 2, p.
501.
John Teige M'Cartie of Cork. Ibid. vol. cxxxi.
pt. 2, p. 504.
Nicholas Fagan of Cork. Ibid. vol. cxxxi. pt. 2,
p. 36.
George Galwey Fitz Edward of Cork. Ibid. vol.
cxxxi. pt. 2, p. 257.
Agnes Ardenne, widow of Wylmcote. Halliwell's
Life of Shakespere, p. 12.
Edmonde Fitz Nicholas alias Frankaghe of Cork.
Gent. Mag. vol. cxxxi. pt. 2, p. 36.
Andrewe Galwey of Cork. Ibid. vol. cxxxi. pt. 2,
p. 257.
William Baies of Kinsale. Ibid. vol. cxxxi. pt. 1,
p. 531.
Eliyne ny Connyty (of Cork?) Ibid. vol. cxxxi.
pt. 2, p. 35.
William Galwey of Cork. Ibid. vol. cxxxi. pt. 2,
p. 257.
Richard Hathway, of Shottree, co. Warw. Halli-
well's Life of Shakespeare, p. 292.
James Fitz Andrew Browne (of Cork ?) Gent. Mag.
vol. cxxxi. pt. 1, p. 532.
Henry Browne of Kinsale. Ibid. vol. cxxxi. pt. 2,
p. 33.
Genett Creaughe (of Cork ?) Ibid. vol. cxxxi. pt. 2,
p. 34.
William Galwey Fitz Jeffry of Kinsale. Ibid. vol.
cxxxi. pt. 2, p. 260.
Genet Galwey, widow, of Cork. Ibid. vol. cxxxi.
pt. 2, p. 261.
Christopher Galwev of Cork. Ibid. vol. cxxxi.
pt. 2, p. 261.
David Lombard of Cork. Ibid. vol. cxxxi. pt. 2,
p. 503.
Richard Mathew of Cork. Ibid. vol. cxxxi. pt. 2,
p. 504
Annys Carye of-Chidlingstone, Kent. Ibid. vol.
xcvii. pt. 2, p. 315. ^
John Browne Fitz Andrew (of Kinsale?) Ibid.
vol. cxxxii. pt. 2, p. 301.
Piers Gold, of Cork. Ibid. vol. cxxxi. pt. 2, p. 501.
Gilbert, Earl of Shrewsbury. Hunter's Hallam-
shire, p. 76.
William Shakespeare of Stratford upon Avon.
Halliwell's Life of Shakespeare, p. 274.
Edmond Oge Gerald of Culogorie com. Cork.
Gent. Mag. vol. cxxxi. pt. 2. p. 501.
Godfrey Goodman, Bp. of Gloucester. Ibid. vol.
Ixxviii. p. 680, as quoted from Royal Tribes of
Wales, No. 17. 167.
Dame Elizabeth Barnard. Halliwell's Life of
Shakespere, p. 318.
John Sheffield, Duke of Buckingham. The Works
of the Duke of Buckingham, 4th Edit. 1753,
vol. ii. p. 259.
1733. Richard Norton, of Southwick, co. Hants. Gent.
Mag. vol. iii. p. 57.
1737. John Hedges. Ibid. vol. xliv. p. 274.
1770. William Hickington, of Pocklington, Poet. Ibid.
vol. xlii. p. 492.
EDWARD PEACOCK.
Bottesford Manor, Brigg.
1396. William Canynges, senior, an eminent merchant of
Bristol. From Memorials of the Canynges' Fa-
mily and their Times, &c., by my friend and your
correspondent Mr. George Pryce, F.S.A., of Bris-
tol.
JOB J. BABDWELL WORKARD, M.A.
1505. Sir Henry Colet, twice Lord Mayor of London
father "of Dean Colet. Knight's Life of Colet,
Appx. No. xix.
ST. Liz.
1623. George Heriot, founder of Heriot Hospital. Me-
moir of G. Heriot, by Dr. Steven, 1845, Appx.
p. 29.
1676. Sir Bulstrode Whitelocke. Burn's Hist, of Hen-
ley-on-Thames, 1861, p. 250.
JOHN S. BURN.
DRAYTON'S "ENDIMION AND PHCEBE" (3rd S.
ii. 394.) — If MR. J. PAYNE COLLIER will refer to
the new edition of Lowndes in voce, he will find
that it is that work which is at fault, and not I.
The editor of the Manual describes Endimion and
Phoebe as " unique, in the Bridgewater Collection."
Now I remembered perfectly well, that the copy
mentioned in the Bridgewater Catalogue was de-
scribed there as wanting one, if not two leaves,
and taking it (somewhat incautiously perhaps)
for granted that the Manual was correct in its
assertion that the book was at Bridgewater
House, I made the remark to which MR. COLLIER'S
Note alludes. Respecting MR. COLLIER'S Query,
I may state that Drayton's Heavenly Harmonie of
Spirituall Songs and Holy Hymnes, of godly men,
Patriarkes, and Prophets, 1610, 4 to, sold at
Sotheby's Feb. 26, 1861, for 24Z. 10s.; and was
described in the Catalogue as " excessively rare,
if not unique." I have heard the purchaser
named ; but as I am not certain on the point, and
the book was bought by an agent, I do not wish
to take the liberty of mentioning the gentleman
in whose hands I believe the volume now to be.
W. CAREW HAZLITT.
GHETTO (3rd S. ii. 248.) — Pasqualino, in his
Vocabulario Siciliano, says, " From the Hebr.
geth or ghit, grex, quod ipsis mandrse et caulas
loco sit. Vinci, Etimologicum Siculum." My
limited knowledge of Hebrew does not enable
me to recognise the word meant, but others may
be more fortunate. The objections to the deriva-
tion from guetta are, the change of gue into ghe,
a change very unlikely to have occurred in an
Italian mouth ; and the fact that an Italian form
of this root already existed in guatare, to look
upon, and aguatare, or agguatare, to look at,
436
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[8"» S. II. Nov. 29, '62.
watch, or lay in ambuscade ; substantives, guato,
an ambuscade, and agitato, a rustic word for a look
or regard. BJBNJ. EAST.
" LORDS or CREATION MEN WE CALL " (3rd S. ii.
410.) — This is the first line of a (feeble) comic
song, published about 1840, by W. Hawes, 355,
Strand : —
" Obey I Obey I Obey 1 or, the Lords of Creation, sung
by Miss J. Mordaunt at the Olympic Theatre. Written
by C. F. B.» R. R.
Some twenty years since I heard the ballad
Bung which your correspondent J. W. inquires
about. I can only remember the first verse, which
is as follows : —
" Lords of creation men we call,
They think they rale the whole ;
They're much mistaken after all,
They're under woman's control.
For ever since the world began,
It's always been the way,
For did not Adam, the very first man,
The very first, woman obev."
O. F.
[We have received a copy of the entire song for J. W.
ED.]
TABLE FOR THE GUARDS AT ST. JAMES'S (3rd S.
ii. 417.) — Your correspondent GEORGE AUGUSTUS
SALA wishes it to appear that the " sumptuous
repast in one of the saloons at St. James's Palace "
is a job, perpetrated in favour of the Guards. An
excellent dinner, in a very small room, is provided
every day for the Field Officer and Adjutant of the
day, for five officers of the Foot Guards and three
of Horse Guards, doing duty — in all ten. There
are no palace officials. The Field Officer and
Adjutant seldom take advantage of this repast,
so their places are allowed to be filled up by the
Lieut-Colonel in command of the guard : it was
one of these vacancies Mr. Newcome filled. The
reason for this repast is, it is intended as a sort of
compensation to officers on duty in London, for
allowances granted to officers of the Line, but
which they (the Guards) do not receive. These
allowances consist in 250J. a-year to each regi-
ment, called the Regent's allowance ; which goes
towards the expenses of a mess, more particularly
towards the bill for wine ; a daily allowance to
the mess, and to each officer, of coals and candles ;
also a mess-room and barrack-room for every
officer. The Regent's allowance to the five bat-
talions generally doing duty in London would
amount to 1,2501. : and to provide barrack accom-
modation, coals and candles, to all the officers of
the Guards would amount to a considerable sum.
The 4,000/. a-year, allowed by Government for
this mess, which includes breakfast, is, I think, a
capital bargain on the part of Government, and
not a job. AH OFFICER.
STATUE of GEORGE II. IN LEICESTER SQUARE
(3rd S. ii. 416.)— Will your correspondent PEDES
state whether the horse he saw lying on i
in the centre of the enclosure of Leicester Square
was in bronze or plaster? It was always under-
stood that the equestrian statue of Geoi
was a bronze statue ; but in certain proci
in Westminster Hall some time ago, in the course
of which complaint was made of the disappear-
ance of the statue, it was alleged, on behalf of
Mr. Wyld, that the statue was only of plaster,
and of very little value. This statement appears
extraordinary, and has been subject to much
doubt and objection. Perhaps your correspon-
dent, FEDES, can throw some light on the matter.
It may not be out of place to observe that it is the
duty of the public press, which often troubles
itself with less important matters, to insist on
the restoration of this statue, whether bronze or
plaster. What right has Mr. Wyld to appro-
priate it ? EQUES.
REV. INGRAM COBBIN (3rd S. ii. 372.) — I have
before me three books by the Rev. Ingram Cob-
bin not mentioned in the reply, all poetical, viz. :
" The Pilgrim's Fate and other Poems, 12mo, platea.
London, 1818."
"The Village Hymn Book, for the Use of Village Con-
gregations, 2nd Ed., 32mo. London, 1824."
" Hymns by the Rev. Caesar Malan of Geneva, trans-
lated into English Verse. By the Rev. Ingram Cobbin,
32mo. London, 1825."
This last work has the following written in the
fly-leaf: "The Revd Mr. Pritchard with Chris-
tian Respects from the Translator, I. Cobbin,
Sep. 17, 1826." DANIEL SEDGWICK.
P.S. Since writing the above I have discovered
that the small book of translations from " Caesar
Malan," was translated by John Cobbin, author of
the French Preacher, &c.
Bun Street, Citj-.
SCANDINAVIA" (3rd S. ii. 350.) — Tytler (Gen.
Hist.) includes under the terms Scandinavia, Scan-
dia vel Baltia, Nerigon and Si tones, correspond-
ing with Drontheim and Bergen in Norway ; and
(l)Scritofinni, (2) Suiones, (3)Gutae et Hillevio-
nes, (4)Finningia, and (5)Insulse Sinus Codani, as
corresponding with (l)Lapland and West Bothnia,
(2)Sweden proper, (S)Gothland, (4)Finland, and
(.5) Islands of Gothland, (.Eland, Aland, and Rugen
in Sweden. Koch (Tab. Rev. de YEur. iii. 118)
describes Scandinavia as the country of the Nor-
mans, comprising Denmark, Sweden, and Nor-
way ; and his series of maps show the alterations
made in the geographical designations of these
countries at seven different periods, prior and
subsequent to the invasion of the barbarians. It
was not till the time of Charlemagne, towards the
end of the ninth century, that the people under
the general designation of Scandinavians began to
be recognised by their proper names and locali-
ties. Scandinavia was very obscurely known to
3** S. II. Nov. 29, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
437
Pliny (Nat. Hist. iv. 13.) The Penny Cyclopaedia
appears to exclude Denmark from Scandinavia,
but this is perhaps an accidental omission. Iceland,
unknown in the ages when these northern coun-
tries were termed Scandinavia, is now the only
seat of Scandinavian literature.
T. J. BUCKTON.
Lichfield.
VARIOUS LENGTHS OF THE PERCH (3rd S. ii.
213, 296, 376.)— I still think that the Church was
a much greater purchaser than seller of land. In
this I am confirmed by Blackstone, who speaks of
the Church of Rome as " not content with the
ample pro vision of tithes, . . . endeavoured to grasp
at the lands and inheritances of the kingdom, and
(had not the legislature withstood them [by the
statutes of Mortmain]) would by this time have
probably been masters of every foot of ground
in the kingdom." (Comm. iv. p. 108.) Many sta-
tutes of Mortmain were passed in the reign of
Edward I. (p. 426), and after the Revolution of
1688 (p. 441.) The early statute by which the
perch is fixed at 16£ feet or 5£ yards is entitled,
Compositio Ulnarum et Perticarum.
T. J. BUCKTON.
Lichfield.
Records and books of survey of great antiquity,
chiefly relating to manors and manorial rights,
will show that the lords' demesnes were measured
with a pole of 20 feet, which was called maior
mensuru ; and the customary by a pole of 16£
feet, called mensura minor ; though in some places
the tenant's claim the 18 feet pole, particularly
in measuring wood land, because, says a work in
my possession, dated 1607, " in vnderwoods for
yi
ale,
sale, they haue in many places sundry void places
and galles, wherein groweth little or no wood, or
very thin. And to supply these defects, the buyer
claymeth this supply by measure."
The same work gives the parts of a statute
acre thus : —
" There go 160 perches to one acre ; 80 perches to half
an acre ; 40 perches to one roode, one-fourth part of an
acre ; ten days- works to a rood ; foure perches to a day-
worke; 16 foote and a halfe to a perch."
The arpent, or French acre, is 100 poles : these
poles, however, differ. One pole is 22 feet, and
was used in measuring the king's arpent, and
chiefly in measuring wood. There is another
pole of 20 feet, another of 19£, and another of 18.
It would appear, therefore, that the perch,
like the acre, is only a perch in name ; but varies
in length, according to the customary measure of
divers countries. JOHN PARKIN.
Idridgehay, Wirksworth.
It is enacted in Anno 35° Elizabethse, cap. vi.,
that a mile shall contain 5 [8 ?] furlongs, every
furlong 40 poles, and every pole (rod or perch)
16 feet.
The church, we know, were large possessors, as
your correspondent has mentioned ; and the mea-
sure of 21 feet was always used with reference to
such land as was already possessed by the church.
I do not think that the excess in the church perch
over the statute is so very surprising, when we
take into account that the church was rich in
woodlands, and that the forest perch in different
counties varied from 18 feet to 25 (as in the
forest of Sherwood) ; in that of Clarendon it
was 20. JOHN BOWEN ROWLANDS.
JOHN DUER or ANTIGUA (3rd S. ii. 319, 379.) —
The epitaph as given by me at p. 319 is correct,
and the name " Frye " (which occurs four times,
and is very legibly cut) could be mistaken for
nothing else. Probably it is an error of the stone-
mason's. WALTER RYE.
Chelsea.
OLIVER EARL OF TYRCONNEL (3rd S. ii. 349.)
— The Earl's mother was Mary, some say Mar-
garet, Plunket, daughter to Oliver Plunket, Lord
Louth ; her brother, Matthew Plunket, married
Mary Fitz William, sister to the Earl's father.
So that "Mary Plunket" was the name borne
by the earl's mother after her marriage, and by
his aunt before she married. Notwithstanding
the expression " mother-ztt-Zaw," I cannot think
it refers to any one but the earl's lawful mother.
Amongst the agricultural people of my part of
England, "step-mother" and "mother-in-law"
are synonymous terms ; at least, the latter is in
general used to denote the former. " Belle-mere"
in French is applied both to " mother-in-law "
and " step-mother." I have no reason to think
that Mary Plunket was step-mother to the earl,
especially as he bore the name of her father,
Oliver. The earl was buried in Donnybrook
church, but I need hardly tell this to ABHBA.
. CHESSBOROUGH.
Harberton.
ANCIENT CHESSMEN (3rd S. ii. 376.) — I should
be surprised were the chessmen in question older
than the seventeenth century.
Many of the curiosities from China, which bear
a strange resemblance to accidental forms, and
suggest associations bordering on the marvellous,
are, on inquiry, often accounted for by the fact
that our earlier traders with China used to give
their own designs, to be carried out by the ivory
carvers, and these have in many instances been
perpetuated to the present day, with variations.
The old-fashioned cap of the Chinese, such as
we see in their portraits of sages and heroes,
might be mistaken for a mitre. Then we know
from M. Hue, that in many respects the Buddhist
priest bears a resemblance to the Roman Catholic
in his ecclesiastical costume.
Probably in Williams's Middle Kingdom some
account may be found of the Chinese game of
438
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[8Td 3. II. Nov. 29
chess, which I believe to be different from our
own, both in the number and forms of its figures,
those that are brought to us from China being
simply made for exportation to the .barbarians.
SPAL.
GREAT TOM, OXFORD (3rJ S. ii. 369.)- The
following, from a MS. in the Bodleian, will answer
A. A. : —
" In 1681 the famous Tom, now the greatest Bell in
England, for it weighs 16,700 pounds, was cost ; but it
miscarried three times; twice it wanted metall to make
out the Canons, and the third time it burst the mould
and ran into the ground, so that poor Keen or King, the
Woodstock Bell-founder, whose ill-luck it was therein to
fail, was half besides himself, and quite undone till the
College made him amends; at last it was brought to
perfection by Christopher Hudson, a London Bell-
founder."
The following is embossed on it : —
"MAGXUS * THOMAS » CLVSIV3 • OXONIENSIS ! RE-
NATVS • Al'UII.lS • VIII » MDCLXXX * REGNANTE
CAKOLO • DEOAXO • IOANNE • (= Fell) OXON »
EPI8COPO • SVBDECANO • GVL • LANE • S3 • TH •
P • THE8AVRARIO * HEN « SMITH • S3 * TH • P •
CVRA • ET « ARTE • CHRIST • HODSON « • • ."
H. T. E.
CHAPEL DEDICATED TO THE HOLT GHOST (3rd S.
ii. 45, 377.) — Near the railway station, Basing-
stoke, are the ruins of a chapel erected in the
reign of Henry VIII., by Sir William (afterwards
Lord) Sandes, dedicated to the Holy Ghost. The
site is known to have been a burying place during
the Heptarchy, and said to have possessed a re-
ligious building there, aa certain remains tend to
show. These particulars are gathered from The
Official Illustrated Guide to the Great Western
Railway, by Geo. Measom, who calls the ruin
" the Holy Ghost Chapel." . E. P.
ARCHIEPISCOPAL MITRES (3rd S. ii. 358.) — The
explanation given in the above reference gives
nothing more than the former assertion. Nothing
less than an exact drawing (except seeing the
original) can possibly satisfy an inquirer : nay,
the whole window should be examined with a
critical eye. The cleaning is not at all pleasing to
the antiquary. Has there not been some tamper-
ing with the window ? The doubtful coat (gules
a cheveron or), looks like an attempted restora-
tion ; it is evidently intended for the arms of Fitz-
hardinge, gules, a cheveron argent, which became
the armorial ensign of the Berkeleys ; and to
which were added the ten crosses patee. I think
it has been made quite clear in the pages of
" N. & Q." that the introduction of the ducal
coronet from which the mitres of the archbishops
are now made issuing, is a very modern and un-
justifiable innovation.
THOS. WM. KING, York Herald.
COUNTY FEASTS (3rd S. ii. 286, 393.)— As your
valued correspondent (W. H. HUSK) has men-
tioned various counties (p. 393), of which the
natives held celebrations, it would almost appear
those were the only ones. Allow me to add, there-
fore, Suffolk to the list. I have in my collation
the sermon preached at the church of St. Mi< huel,
Cornhill, at the Suffolk Feast, Nov. 30, 1686, by
Dr. Wm. Claggett. Printed for J. Robinson at
the Golden Lion, by Thomas Newboroujjh, at the
Star, in St. Paul's Churchyard, 1687, together
with the List of Stewards at the said feast.
C. GOLDIJIG.
ARMS OF CANTERBURY, ARMAGH, AND TRINITY
COLLEGE, DUBLIN (3rd S. ii. 210, 391.)— The arms
of Canterbury are blazoned exactly in the same
way by Gwillim, and by the editor of A Help to
English History, Lond. 1709, originally compiled
by Dr. Heylin, but continued down to the year
of the new edition. They are thus blazoned (I
shall give the tinctures throughout this Note in
the proper heraldic terms, not in the fanciful bla-
zoning by Parian stones, which Harris strangely
intermingles with the celestial method, and with
such dishonourable terms as "gold" and "silver,"
&c.) : —
Azure, an episcopal staff in pale, or, ensigned
with a cross patee argent, surmounted of a pale of
the third, charged with four crosses fitchee, sable,
edged and fringed of the second.
In Harris's edition of Ware, the arms of Ar-
magh are blazoned in the same way, except that
the staff is argent, the cross patee or.
But the arms of Dublin have two differences
from that of Armagh, as given by Harris, and as
they are always blazoned now. In the first place,
the staff and cross patee ensigning it are both
or. In the second place, the cross patees fitchee
are five in number, not four.
As for the arms of Trinity College, Dublin
(are these also those of the University ? they cer-
tainly are those of the former), I have by me a
premium book of the year 1820: on the cover.the
harp faces the dexter side. The towers of the
castle have conical tops ; the flags are square,
bearing each a saltire, and floating in opposite
directions : the dexter to the dexter side, the
sinister to the sinister. No tincture is marked,
except on the book, which is gules with two lines
saltirewise. On the certificate, the tops of the castle
are hemispherical. The flags are pennons of two
points, not charged, and both floating dexterwise.
The book has no tincture ; but has an oblong
bordering in centre, and thereon lines at each
angle to the corners ; representing, of course, a
common sort of binding. The only tincture is
that of the field, azure.
In the Dublin University Calendar for 1834 and
1836 (the only number 1 have by me), there are
no tinctures. The turrets are hemispherical at
op the square flags, charged with crosses, float
S. II. Nov. 29, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
439
dexterwise. No bases to the towers as in the
former cases. The book quite plain ; no charges
on it, faces sinister.
In premium books, also in my possession, of
1795, &c. The medallion on the covers are from
a different mould from those of 1820: the harp
turns to the dexter side ; the towers are domical,
but without bases. The flags exactly as in 1820.
The charge on the books is indistinct ; but I think
is merely a double square bordure. The certifi-
cate, very slightly executed from a much worn
plate, has an azure field ; the harp to the dexter
side ; the towers sloping upward, with bases ; the
pennons (without charges) floating to the sinister
side. The book without tinctures or charges.
J. JEBB.
HOLT FIRE: CATCH-COPE BELLS (3ra S. ii.
318, 395.) — T. NORTH is perhaps not aware that
the service on Piaster Eve, or Holy Saturday, was
anciently performed immediately after midnight,
that is, early on Sunday morning ; and was allowed
in process of time to take place by anticipation oh
the Saturday morning. Hence the frequent re-
currence of the word nox in the Blessing of the
Paschal Candle, the directions for lighting the
lamps in the church, &c. The mass on Holy
Saturday is, in fact, in honour of our Lord's
Resurrection ; but is short, on account of its
having formerly come at the end of a long service
in the night. The candles on the altar were
lighted at that mass from the new fire, which was
obtained on Saturday morning from the sun, by
means of a crystal or burning glass, if the morn-
ing was bright ; or otherwise struck from a flint.
On Easter Sunday morning the candles on the
altar were not lighted till mass, because they were
not previously required ; but this had no con-
nexion with the ceremony of creeping to the
Cross, which took place on that morning. For
this took place in one of the side chapels, where
the crucifix was placed on a cushion before the
altar, after being removed from the sepulchre
under the high altar, where it had been placed on
Good Friday.
The " Catch-cope-bells," about which MR. T.
NORTH also inquires, were probably the three
bells contained in the small belfry, or campanile,
on the gable end of a church. Cope signifies an
arch, a hill, or the top of a wall. This belfry
standing in that position might well have been
called catch, i. e. cache cope, from its covering the
top of the wall. This is the best explanation I
can offer. F. C. H
HAIR OF THE DEAD (3rd S. ii. 397.) — I assisted
at the examination of an embalmed body, wrapped
in cere cloths, which was discovered in the ruins
of Wymondham Abbey, about thirty years ago.
It was satisfactorily ascertained to 'be that of the
Countess D'Albini, wife of the founder of the
abbey. I published a description of it at the
time. My present purpose is merely to mention
that the hair, which was very long and well pre-
served, was of a reddish or auburn colour. I have
a lock of it still, in perfect preservation ; it is very
fine, and as glossy as if just taken from the head
of a living person. It may have been of an au-
burn colour in the lifetime of the lady ; but this
could not be determined. She had been dead
about seven hundred years. F. C. H.
PRAED'S ENIGMA (3rd S. ii. 349, 397.) — I was
surprised to find my solution of this enigma
omitted, with " similar replies from other friends,"
because it happens not to be a similar reply.
First, let me repeat it : —
" The Reverend Sir Hildebrand Pnsey de Vere
Was a sort of a Puseyite parson, that's clear :
His love of old vestments he often displayed,
And he entered the lectern in long alb arrayed.
" His brother saw things in a different light,
His practice was wrong, though his creed was thought
right ;
He relished a foxhunt, and loved a hard gallop,
And lived in Alb-right in the county of Salop."
When we see a charade with only a first and
second, we conclude that it has only two syllables.
Hence Albany, having three, does not appear to
answer this charade correctly. It is possible,
however, that the author overlooked that defect
in his enigma, or else meant first and second parts
rather than syllables. As the puzzle is worded,
however, my solution seems to answer it more
closely. F. C. H.
BURTON GOGGLES (3rd S. ii. 188.) — Sanderson,
Bishop of Lincoln, says, in his Collections for Lin-
colnshire, 1 640 : —
" Burton en les Goggles, so called from the multitude
of coggle stones there. A coggle is a hard smooth stone,
for the most part of a round form," &c.
C. J.
NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.
Five MontJis on the Yang-Tsze: with a Narrative of the
Exploration of its Upper Waters, and Notices of the Pre-
sent Rebellions in China. By Thomas W. Blakiston, late
Captain, Royal Arti-lery. Illustrated from Sketches by
Alfred Barton, M.R.C.S., &c. With Maps by Arrow-
smith. (Murray.)
If, as Captain Blakiston justly observes — " No apology
is required at the present time for the publication of any
reliable information concerning China and its inhabit-
ants, particularly with respect to the state of the dis-
turbed districts," — still less can such apology be required
for a work like this, which gives us the narrative of a
private expedition, which, principally by means of its
own resources, ascended no less than eighteen hundred
miles of the Yang Tsze— one of the greatest rivers in the
world. The party which consisted, in addition to the
author, of Lieut.-Colonel Sarel, Dr. Alfred Barton (from
whose sketches the book is illustrated), and the Rev. S.
Scheresehewsky, of the "American Episcopal Board of
440
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. Nov. 29, '62.
Foreign Missions," started from Shangai on the llth of
February, 18U1 ; and after an absence of just five months,
returned there on the 9th of July following: having, be-
fore they were compelled to abandon their original plan
of passing through China, thence into Thibet, and across
the Himalaya* into North-western India, ascended the
mighty Yang Tsze some thousand miles higher than it
had been before penetrated by any European, with the
exception of some Roman Catholic missionaries. Tra-
versing so large a tract of country, as interesting and as
little known as China, our small band of explorators
found much to tell for the information of ethnological
students, and the guidance of future travellers. And the
perusal of Captain Blakiston's well-told narrative will
contribute alike to the instruction and to the amusement
of the reader. But there is a class to whom the work
will have a special attraction, — we mean those who agree
with the author, that it will be by our steamers and
mercantile enterprise, rather than by our arms and mis-
sionaries, that we shall humanise the Celestials; and
who, seeing in the approaching enterprise of Captain
Sherard Osborne and his associates a means to that de-
sirable end, are prepared on the sailing of that expedition
heartily and earnestly to bid Heaven speed it.
Mr. John Gough Nichols, in his Second Part of The
Herald and Genealogist — in addition to some valuable
articles on Gerard Legh's Accedence of Armory, " Refugee
Families in England," " The Arms of the Nine Worthies,"
&c. — has an amusing paper on the assumption of De
before surnames, a fancy in which Sir Henry Hoghton
and some others have recently indulged. This reminds
us of De Beranger's song of " Le Vilain " (which we
wonder that the writer of the Essay has not called to his
aid): —
" Eh quoi ! j'apprends que 1'on critique
A Le de qui precede mon nom.
Etes vous de noblesse antique?
Moi noble ! oh vraiment,
Messieurs, nou ! "
Messrs. Griffith & Farran have got ready, against the
coming Christmas, a series of volumes of very varied
character, for the especial benefit of the spelling, as well
as the reading public. The Memorable Battles in English
History, where fought, why fought, and their Results, by
Mr. Adams, is well calculated to encourage in our boys
the spirit to which we owe our Trafalgars and Waterloos :
and the same remark applies to Mr. Kingston's two
volumes, Our Soldiers and Our Sailors, in which he has
gathered together a goodly collection of Anecdotes of the
gallant deeds done in the field and on the quarter deck
during the reign of our present Sovereign. The authoress
of Tiny Tadpole hag collected for the use of younger
children My Grandmother's Budget of Stories and Songs,
which will amuse and gladden many a little heart:
•while good funny Mr. Charles Bennett has drawn a
whole book full of Nursery Fun, which he calls also The
Little Folks' Picture Book, and which will delight those
who can neither read nor spell.
MESSRS. DB LA RUB'S DIARIES, BTC. — Keats the
poet and Messrs. De La Rue are decidedly at issue, in
theory at least. The former, as it is well known, insisted
that a " thing of beauty " was " a joy for ever." Now
Diaries and Almanacks are intended for anything rather
than for ever. An old almanack has come to be pro-
verbial for worthlessness ; yet no one can see the manner
in which this celebrated firm put forth their Pocket
Diaries and their Desk Diaries, rich in purple and gold,
velvet, rus.sia, and morocco, and richer yet in good taste
and in the amount of valuable information which they
contain, without feeling that they ought to be not for a
passing year, but for all time. The Diaries, &c. i-ucd
for the present season are now before us; and whou we
say that they maintain the character for exolk-nce
which has been so unanimously accorded to them, we
say everything that need or can be said in recommenda-
tion of them.
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medium of collecting sukicriptions for this desirable object, ice <
bring liii proposal forward, — so many, and so much [more ajipri
channels, are open fur that purpose.
F. MEW^URN. your suggestion has often been under the conside ration
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the great man have been given to the world.
W. H. F»r "God tempers the wind," ftc., set "N. & Q." 1st S.
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godliness," see 1st S. iv. 401.
H. C. F. Steune or stene = stone, Srighthelmstone, Ke lit S. ii. IOC,
H. H. R. Thomas Rugae's Diurnal is in the British Museum, Adilit.
MSS. 10,116,10,117.
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by George Oeeves. Vide 'ftt. ft Q." Jnd 8. ix. 13; xii. 31.
JOHN PAVIN PHILLIPS. On the sequel to Coleridge's Christabel consult
"N. &Q." IstS. iv. 316, 410| vii.X9i; viii. 11, 111; ix. 18,456,529.
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WILLIAM SAMUEL DOWNES, Actuary.
October, 1862.
ALLIANCE LIFE AND FIRE
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Instituted 1824.
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President— SIR MOSES MONTEFIORE, Bart.
LIFE ASSURANCES in a variety of forms fully explained in the
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F. A. ENGELBACH, Actuary.
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T
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INVESTED FUNDS £1,350,000.
LONDON BOARD.
Chairman— SIR JOHN MUSGROVE, Bart.
Deputy Chairmen.
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In 1857 the Duty on Fire Insurances in Great Britain paid to Go-
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NOTES AND QUERIES.
S. II. Nov. 29, '62.
NOW READY,
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NOTES AND QUERIES.
441
LONDON, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 6, 1862.
CONTENTS. — NO. 49.
NOTES : — Noticeable Entries in the Registers of All-
hallows Barking, 441 — George Yilliers, Duke of Buck-
ingham, 412 — The supposed Lost Manuscripts, used by
the Editors of the Coniplutensian Polyglott, Ib. — Richard
Savage, Ib. — Slips of the Pen, 443 — Mathematical Biblio-
graphy, Ib.
MINOE NOTES : — Passage in Minucius Felix — Refugee
Registers — Asgill, John — Lady Dorothy Rokeby — Sepul-
chral Inscription — Elizabeth Gousell — Elizabeth House,
Hampstead — W. M. Praed, 445.
QUERIES :— Sundry Queries, 447 — Alphabet Keeper —
Anonymous Works — Thomas Barlow, Bishop of Lincoln
— Corbets of Sprowston, co. Norfolk — Sacred Dramas —
Edward II. and the Minstrel : Did Gower know Greek ? —
Epigram — Felkin's Papers — Foreign Money, &c. — Grind-
stone — Houghton Family of Jamaica — Heraldic Tiles at
Shaftesbury — Knight's Bequests — Lea of Salop — Pack-
wood — Quandorum: Quadrim — Refugees from Low
Countries — Steward, of Norfolk, &c., 448.
CJuEEiES WITH ANSWERS : — Roundheads — Civitas Colonia
Londinensium — Epigram — Waynflete Arms — "Letter
to Thomas Warton " — Marseillaise — Churchill : Lord
Loughborough — Quotations, 450.
REPLIES: — "Knock, O good Sir Robert, knock!": Rod
in the Middle Ages, 452 — Scots' Privileges in France, 453
— Caradoc Vreichfras, 454— Windhams of Norfolk, &c.—
Authorship of the " Musse Etonenses " — The Intellectual
Capacity of Twins — Zechariah Fitch — Tennyson — Offi-
cial Arms of Regius Professors — Prophecy found in St.
Benet's Abbey — Immunity from Diseases — • Emanci-
pated Slaves — Corruptions into Sense : " Raccaille " —
Reindeer, Raindeer — Fairfax Family — The Walkinshaws
of Barrowfleld — Bazier, &c., 454.
Notes on Books, &c.
NOTICEABLE ENTRIES IN THE REGISTERS OF
ALLH ALLOWS BARKING.
Book II. 1653—1676.
The second volume appropriately commences
with the appointment of a parochial registrar,
according to an ordinance of the House of Com-
mons, passed 1653. This Act became necessary
doubtless from the disturbed state of the parochial
economy all over the country consequent upon
the deprivation of the episcopal clergy in 1643-5.
The latter pages of the old book of the Barking
Registers (from 1649 to 1651) are most carelessly
written, scarcely legible, and full of blanks.
Several months are omitted, and the names gone
beyond recovery. In the Vestry Minute-Book
of this date, we find record of frequent complaints
brought against the minister for neglect of the
registers, &c. These, and complaints of a similar
kind, help to show that the intruding incumbents
were not always so acceptable to the people as
they are generally represented to have been. At
any rate, the condition of the Register Books of
most parishes from 1643 to 1653 shows that the
usurpers of the church's benefices were usually
inferior in education, and perhaps also in an ade-
quate sense of duty, to the more regular clergy
whom they superseded. The Registrar appointed
for this parish in 1653 was Mr. Benj. Shepherd,
who commenced his work with a register of
marriages in the form peculiar to the period,
1653 — 1656, during which years an Act was in
force abolishing marriages in churches, and re-
quiring parties, after publication in church or in
the market-place, to proceed to the marriage in
presence of a magistrate, " no other marriage
being valid." Consequently we find the signa-
ture of " John Fowke, Esq., J. P. of the City of
London," or of one of the Aldermen, and some-
times the Recorder, as the officiator at all the
weddings in this book from 1653 to 1656. The
favourite place of publication seems to have been
the church, as only a few are " published at Leaden-
hall Market." The Act was repealed in 1656, so
far as it related . to the magistrate's part of the
business, and from henceforth parties are married
and entered in " the ancient way."
There are no entries of any importance. Bap-
tisms are not regularly entered from 1653 to
1657, preference being given to births only, ac-
cording to the act of 1653, which apparently did
not recognise infant baptism. The following are
the most important entries : —
1663, Sept. 20. Thomas, son of Roger and Lucy Hatton.
[Hatton was Alderman of ? Ward.]
1668, Jan. 28. Bridget, the daur of Sir Edmund Turner
and ye Lady Margaret his wife.
1670, Feb. 2. Edrnond, the sonne of Edniond Turner,
Knt. and Margrett his wife.
1676, May 4. John, the sonne of Capt. John Kempthorne
and Ann his wife.
Burials.
1657, Mar. 16. Elizabeth, dau. of Thomas Clendon [Mi-
nister.]
1659, Ap" 22. Tho« Cooper a Minister.
1660, Mar. 1. Thomas, sone of Sir Thomas Leare.
1662, Oct. 14. Mr John Dickins.
Oct. 22. Elizabeth, daur of John Dickins.
[SeePepys's Diary, vol. ii. p. 52, and also vol. v. p. 232,
notes, Lord Braybrooke's edition.]
1665. In the great plague year, 333 persons were buried ;
or 5 times the average mortality in this parish.
The most fatal months were, Aug*, Sept, and Octr,
when the numbers were respectively 58, 94, and 70.
1666, July 26. Sir Roger Hatton.
[According to the New View of London, 1708, this
gentleman was Alderman of London, and possessed a gray
marble gravestone within the rails of the Communion
Table, which tomb is now lost.]
1668, March 27. Charles Thornhill, Esq.
[This gentleman had a monument on the floor of .the
chancel, now lost.]
1668. April 7, A Chrisom of Mr, Edm, Sherman*
[Chrisom has been defined to be a cb'H whd dies
within a month of baptism.]
1674. Aug* 27. Sir Samuel Starling, Knt. and Aid., &c.
[Lord Mayor in 1670. By his will, dated 1673, he
left an estate of 227. per annum to establish a school in
East Smithfield for St. Botolph's parish, Aldgate. See
Lambart's History of London, vol. ii. p. 281.]
1675. Decr. 15. Roger Hatton, Marchant.
[ ? Son of Sir Roger, referred to above.]
JUXTA TURRIM.
442
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3* S. II. DEC-. G, '62.
GEORGE VILLIERS, DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM.
[The following lines were transcribed from a copy in
Anthony Wood's handwriting, in a volume of hi* bal-
lads, Ashmole Museum, Wood, 41G. He say?, " This I
found written in a spare leaf before a Romance called
Elinna, Lond. 1661, fol."]
"ADDREST TO HIS MISTRESS.
" Though, Phillis, your prevailing charms
Hath forc'd my Delia's from my arms,
Think not your conquest to maintain
By rigour, or unjust disdain.
In vain, fair nymph, in vain you strive,
For Love doth seldom Hope survive ;
My heart may languish for a time,
As all beauties in their prime
Have justified such cruelty
By the same fate that conquer'd me.
When age shall come, at who?e command,
Those troops of beauty must disband :
A rival's strength once took away,
What slaves so dull as to obey ?
But, if you will learn a nobler waj,
To keep this empire from decay,
And there for ever fix your throne,
Be kind — but kind to me alone.
" Made by the Duke of Buckingham,
on the 20th of July, 1665."
THE SUPPOSED LOST MANUSCRIPTS, USED
BY THE EDITORS OF THE COMPLUTENSIAN
POLYGLOTT.
Respecting the above manuscripts, principally
consisting of Greek Codices, which were lent by
Leo X. to Cardinal Ximenes, Michaelis relates,
that Professor Moldenhawer, who was in Spain in
•1784, went to Alcala de Henares (the ancient
Complutum), with the object of discovering the
manuscripts which had been used for the Com-
plutensian Polyglott. It was supposed, that pro-
bably the Greek Manuscripts were preserved in
the Library of the University ; but on making
inquiries, the Professor found that about thirty
years before his arrival, an ignorant librarian,
who wanted room for some new books, had sold
the ancient vellum manuscripts to a person named
Toryo, as " membranas inutiles ; " and that this
man, who made fire-works for his living, had
used" them as materials for rockets. (See D.
Michaelis's Introduction to the New T?slaMenlt
translated bv Herbert Marsh, Part i. vol. ii.
pp. 440-441, ed. 1793.)
This same story is repeated by Mr. Ford, in his
admirable Handbook for Spain (see Alcala de
Henares) ; also by Bayer, Puigblanch, De Castro,
&c. ; but I have strong reasons for calling in
question the truth of the above statement.
1. When in Spain a few years ago, I was as-
sured by Sefior Don Vicente de la Fucntc, who
is one of the most learned Professors of the
"Universidad Central" in Madrid, that he took the
greatest pains in examining the papers and docu-
ments which were brought from Alcala to Madrid,
when the University of Alcala was suppressed ;
and that he could find nothing to justify the storj
related by Michaelis and others.
2. The learned Professor mentioned, that about
the period of Dr. Moldenhawer's arrival in Al-
cala, a rumour was current that some thirty or
forty years before, certain Arabic manuscripts
had been burnt there, and that probably this may
have led Dr. Moldenhawer into the mistake of
supposing that they were the "Greek Codices M
which he had been searching for in vain.
3. There i?, however, another reason which I
think sets the point completely at rest. The
Rev. Father Vercellone, in his " Prolegomena "
to the published Codex Vaticanus, Roma, 1857,
has discovered the Papal acknowledgment of the
" Manuscripts" having been returned.
The acknowledgement runs thus, translated
from the Latin : —
« August 23, 1518.
" Pope Leo X. Motu proprio, &c.
" We acknowledge to have received from our Vener-
able Brother John, Archbishop of Cosenza, our Nuncio to
Spain, two volumes of the Mosaic Bible, written in Greek,
which we had formerly commanded to be lent to the
Cardinal of Toledo, of happy memory, during his life-
time, by the hands of our Beloved Son, Eneas de Blan-
drata, Sub-deacon and our friend : We order the Librarian
that it be registered in the book and certified, and that it
be also registered in the Apostolical Chamber.
" Given at Rome, at S1 Peter's, August 23,
1518, in the vii. year of our Pontificate."
Father Vercellone seems to take it for granted
that the Cardinal of Toledo was Cardinal Ximenes
himself, whom Leo X. assisted so nobly in the
publication of the Polyglott. What manuscripts
composed the two " volumes of the Mosaic Bible,"
it is now impossible to discover, without a dili-
gent examination of the Vatican Greek Manu-
scripts. The subject has often been discussed by
Griesbacb, Scholz, Ernesti, Hanlein, and others.
JOHN DALTOK.
Norwich.
RICHARD SAVAGE.
I thought ME. MOT TIIOMAS had in "N.^fc Q.'r
so completely demonstrated " the inherent impro-
babilities, the cautious vagueness, the inconsis-
tencies, and proved falsehoods of Savage's stories "
(2nd S. vi. 389), that we should have heard no
more of him as the son of Lady Macclesfield;
and this opinion I know I shared in common with
some of the best living judges of evidence.
I have therefore been greatly surprised by an
article in the New Monthly for November, in
which, referring to MB. THOMAS'S paper (but not
3r<« S. II. DEC. G, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
443
stating where the paper is to be found), a corre-
spondent, under the signature " W. J. G.," not
only avows his opinion that the case against
Savage is " not proven," but praises very highly
the merits of Savage, whose works are " moral in
tone, have much originality, and evince poetical
genius and a rare knowledge of life."
Now I have understood, that many who have
made the life and writings of Savage their study
have come to the conclusion, that he was as great
an impostor in the literary as he was in the social
world : and that evidence exists that many of the
poems, which profess to have been written by
Savage, were actually written for him. I do not j
know whether MB. MOT THOMAS is of this class.
If he is, I wish, for the sake of truth, he would
tell us what he knows. And if Savage was the
" extortioner " which he is now by many believed
to have been, let his memory be 'gibbetted as it
deserves; and justice, though late, be done to
the memory of the poor woman whom he per-
secuted in so shameful and merciless a manner.
Poor Johnson ! His pity for Savage's misfor-
tunes blinded his judgment, and his innate love of |
truth prevented his suspecting his associate in I
poverty of so despicable and wicked a conspiracy
against the peace of an unfortunate lady.
P.S. Since the foregoing was written, I have j
taken the hint in your Notices to Correspondents of j
the 15th November, and referred to the General
Indexes to see what " N. & Q." has had upon the
subject. The result is, I find in your 2nd S. vol.
iii. p. 242, a record of Mrs. Piozzi's opinion — that
Savage " was an impostor ;" and at p. 247 of the
same volume, that Sir John Hawkins asserted the
same thing. While at p. 323 of vol. ix. 1st Series,
it is shown that the " Epigram on Dennis," which
he passed off under his name, and confessed to
Johnson that he had written, was really written by
Pope; and at 2nd S. vol. iv. p. 146, it is shown
that Aaron Hill wrote The Bastard, on the merits
of which Johnson expatiated ; and that Aaron
Hill also wrote the Volunteer Laureate, which got
Savage his annual fifty pounds from the queen, to
whom it was addressed. Surely it is time to leave
off talking either of the genius or the misfortunes
of Richard Savage. R. S. I.
SLIPS OF THE PEN.
Mr. Dickens, I believe, mentions a student who,
having read only one book, quoted confidently,
being sure of his author. The following examples
may warn those whose reading is more extensive
not to indulge in ornamental quotation hastily : —
" Sir Walter Scott, in one of his novels, tells a story of
a country gentleman, who, on being raised to the magis-
terial bench, and desiring to acquire a knowledge of all
the statutes relating to the office of a justice of the peace,
•wrote to Edinburgh for the ' axe ' belonging to a ' Gustus
of the Peas.'* Making a very bad pun, Scott adds, that
when this worthy had obtained the axe, he undoubtedly
hewed and hacked at British law to some purpose." —
Morning Star, Oct. 21, 18G2.
" Messrs. Harper should adopt the words of MAJOR
GALERAITH'S SONG for their motto —
'And this the robbers' only law,
And this alone their simple plan,
That they should take who have the power,
And thev alone should keep who can ! ' "
Standard, Oct. 28, 1862.
" We understand from Rome to-day, that not King
Victor, but Cavour is to be excommunicated, as, by the
Constitution of Sardinia, the sovereign of that country,
being considered not an absolute but a constitutional
monarch, his advising minister is supposed to bear the
blame of his misdeeds, as he would be incapacitated for
doing ill were the minister to do his duty to prevent it,
and therefore he, and not the principal is to be punished
as a warning, pour encourager les aulres; just as poor GIL
BLAS was compelled to submit to the whipping which
the young prince deserved, in order that the latter might
profit by the example without incurring the pain." —
Paris Correspondent of Morning Star, March 24, 1860.
" Your true-bred cockney is like SHELLEY'S Peter Bell,
endowed with no more imagination than a pint pot." —
Saturday Review, Dec. 24, 1859.
"It is now time to echo the doleful lament, Tu Mar-
cellus eris. M. Marcellus, the diplomatist, the author, the
friend of Chateaubriand and Charles X. died this morn-
ing."— Paris Correspondent of Morning Advertiser, May
3, 1861.
"Ecce iterum Crispinus, as Juvenal said NEARLY TWO
CENTURIES AGO, and as the clowns to this day in the
pantomime, ' Here we are again ! ' Here we are again,
having escaped from the turmoil and the troubles of the
Cherbourg fetes."— Id. Aug. 12, 1858.
The Americans of the War of Independence : —
" They used our press ; they canvassed our members ;
they held public meetings ; they had all the rights our
Imperial subjects possessed; but they conspired, plotted
with France, seceded from England, and conquered their
independence by the fleets of De Grasse, and the armies
of MONTCALM."— Weekly Dispatch, Nov. 2, 1862.
FlTZHOPKINS.
Garrick Club.
MATHEMATICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY.
(Continued from 3rd S. i. 307.)
Bhascara in the Lilavati gives the names of the
places of figures up to hundred thousand billions.
Taylor (Lilawati, p. 5, note A) says
" The Udaharna, or book of examples, states that the
names of these eighteen places are put down on the au-
thority of the "Vedas; but it also adds that in some
books there are names for 32 places."
Colebrooke (Algebra, &c., p. 4, note 4) says
" A passage of the Veda, which is cited by SURYA-
DASA, contains the places of figures."
Taylor (p. 29 note A) says that
' In the Udaharna it is observed, that "in proportion
as the divisor is small, so is the quotient great; but the
* See " N. & Q." 1»* S. x. 51, 155.
444
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"> S. II. DEC. 6,
divisor when it is cipher being infinitely small, the quo-
tient is therefore infinite." '
Colebrooke (Alg., p. 19, note 5), speaking of a
fraction with cipher for its denominator, says
" RANOANATHA affirms, that it is infinite, because the
smaller the division is, the greater is the quotient : now
cipher, being in the utmost degree small, gives a quotient
infinitely great."
At p. (80), footnote B, Taylor gives the fol-
lowing extract from the Udaharna,
" In a quadrangle, while the sides remain the same,
the area may vary, as it does not depend on the sides ;
but in a triangle* the area does not van' : Therefore it
Will not answer to assume a diagonal, but a determinate
diagonal must be found or demonstrated. It may then
be asked, if the diagonals be demonstrated, to what ob-
jection are they liable. I reply, that they are not appli-
cable to other cases, for while the sides remain the same,
different areas may be obtained ; therefore it is said, that
if the perpendicular or diagonal be given the deter-
minate or unchangeable area will be found. Otherwise,
as the measure of the diminution or shortening is not
known, the perpendicular and diagonal cannot be ascer-
tained. Udaharana " («c).
I do not find any passage resembling this at
pp. 73, 74 of Colebrooke. Taylor, in a footnote
at p. 14 says " Gangadhar gives another method
of performing the operation " of squaring. Gan-
gadhara's then was undoubtedly one of the three
commentaries which Taylor had the good fortune
to obtain (compare 2nd S, vol. xii, pp. 164-5).
Those who may feel surprize at the fact that
the Indians devised so many modes of performing
elementary operations will find that Halbert
thought it worth while to devise a mode by which,
the square of any number being known, the
square of that number increased by one figure
may be had (see Mr. T. T. Wilkinson's paper, Me-
chanics' Magazine, vol. Iv. p. 503).
The materials afforded by Fyzee (see Strachey,
p. 4) and Colebrooke (Alg., p. iii) would be al-
most sufficient to enable us to frame the following
bibliographic description of the Siromani : —
Biddur in the Deccan, eleven-fifty. BUASCARA-
ACHARTA. ' Siddhanta-siromani, with Lilavati
and Vija Ganita ', or, as we might say, ' A Course
of Astronomy, with an introduction on Arith-
metic and Algebra.' • Sanscrit MS.
Colebrooke has given restorations of the ' Gani-
tadhyaya ' and ' Cuttacadhyaya* as well as of the
Vija-ganita and Lilavati. The ' Ganitadhyaya '
and the 'Cuttacadhyaya' are, respectively, the
twelfth and the eighteenth chapters of a Sidd-
hanta or Course of astronomy, by Brahmegupta,
entitled 'Brahma-siddhanta' or ' Brahma-sphuta-
siddhanta' (Colebrooke, Alg., pp. ii, 277 and 325)
Colebrooke was fortunate enough to procure a
copy of the text and scholia of the Course of
Brahmegupta. This copy, although defective in
some respects, comprized (ib, pp. v and xxix) the
twelfth chapter (the ' Ganitadhyaya,' on arith-
metic and mensuration) and the eighteenth (the
' Cuttacadhyaya,' on algebra) both complete. But
the last-named chapter was in a separate form,
being transcribed from a different exemplar (ib.,
p. v, xxix). The scholia arc those of Cliaturveda
Prithudaca Swami, son of Madhusadana, whose
commentary on Brahmegupta's Course is entitled
Vasana-bhashya (ib., p. v, note 5).
Colebrooke had also in his collection Sridhara's
compendium of arithmetic called the Ganita-sara
(ib., pp. v, 3).
At a comparatively recent sale of rare books
and MSS. by Messrs. Sotbeby and Wilkinson the
following were disposed of (see The Times of May
4th, 1857, p. 6 col. 4) : — Berlinghieri, Geogrd-
phia (Florence, 1480) for £25 ; De Bry, Collcctio
Pe.regrinationum in Indiam Orientalent et Occiden-
talem for £150; Hygini, Fabulce et Astronomi
veteres Basilees (1535); Nautonier, Necomelrie
de leymant (Venes 1603) ? This work, on the
mariner's compass, was sold for £7; Ptolemaei
Cosmographia, 1st ed., for £19 ; Astronomica plu-
rium Auctorum et Macer de Herbis (MS. of the
14th century) for £29 ; Boethius de Arithmeticd
(MS., circa 900) on 35 leaves of vellum for
£26 10s.) ; Dati, La Sphera (MS. 15th century)
on vellum for £35 ; and I may as well add, though
the subject is not mathematical, the Opera
(Grace) of Dioscorides (Byzantine MS. of the
12 century on vellum with paintings) for £590.
A few years ago I endeavoured, through a
friend who was proceeding to India, to obtain
some information on Indian mathematics. A let-
ter, dated Mangalore, Mai 3. '55, refers to ' Cole-
brooke's translation of the Lilavati and Vija
ganita (Calcutta, 1818)' as well as to ' Cole-
brook e's Algebra of the Hindoos, London, 1817,'
and also, after naming other works, to ' Warren's
Kala Sankalita, Madras, 1825,' adding that "of
the last of these works an analysis is to be found
in the Journal Asiatique of Paris, 1827 Nro
LXVI."
From 1825 to 1837 or 38, the letter* proceeds,
* The letter proceeds further as follows — 'In 1838 I
left Germany, and had no farther means of following the
progress of Sanscrit literature. I have some recollection
of having read an advertisement of a new work on Indian
Mathematics some five or six years ago, in the adver-
tising appendix of the "Deutsche Morgenlttndische
Zeitschrift," but do not remember the particulars.' The
writer, in his coucluding sentence, makes mention of
Gildemeister's Handbook of Sanscrit literature. This
letter, or memorandum, was sent by its writer, G. W. to
a friend who enclosed it, in a letter dated Almanda,
3 May 1855, to the Rev. A. F., at Mercara. The en-
closing letter, to Mr. F., mentions 'some Sanscrit public-
ations, the Bibliotheca Indica printed at Calcutta, and
the treatises on the ancient philosophic systems of India
by Professor Ballantine at Benares.' Oriental scholars
at home are, as the writer of the last-named letter re-
marks, in a much better condition to collect this kind of
information, than Missionaries scattered over the wide
expanse of India.
3rd 5. II. DEC. 6, '02.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
4A5
nothing was done for the study of Indian Mathe-
matics.
Mr. W. H. LEVY, of Shalbourne, near Hunger-
ford, Berkshire has favoured me with a letter,
dated 18th Feb. 1862, in which he says,
" I have lately met with a solution of Colonel Silas
Titus's Problem by Mr. John Ryley in Whiting's
Scientific Receptacle, vol. ii. p. 95, published in 1790.
In your Horse Algebraicae I find you have given refer-
ences where solutions may be seen to the same Problem
by Messrs. Wallis, Frend," Whitley, Settle, and Ryley. I
have not had the good fortune to see the Liverpool Ap-
pollonius, and probably the solution in the ' Receptacle '
is the same you refer to in Quadratic Equations, Sec. 4,
p. 15. Mr. R}'ley did not determine the values of the
numbers required; he however gave the final biquad-
ratic for determining them.
" The equations given for finding them are (see Quest.
209, p. 77, No. xi. vol. ii, Whiting's Scientific Recep-
tacle): xy + 22 =1806520; xz + y* — 2225275 ; yz + .-r*=
5567720. I trust you will pardon the liberty I have taken
in mentioning the above facts in connexion with this
important question, as it seems to me, the above solution
was effected prior to those of Messrs. Whitley and
Settle."
•
As to Colonel Silas TITDS'S problem see the
Mechanics' Magazine, vol. 1., p. 34 and vol. lv.,
p. 446.
London. ? William Henry HALL. ' The
New Encyclopaedia ; or, Modern Universal Dictionary of
Arts and Sciences. On a New and Improved Plan ....
Including all the material Information that is contained
in Chambers's Cyclopaedia, the Encyclopaedia Britannica,
and the French Encyclopedic ... In three Volumes.
By William Henry Hall, Esquire The Third Edition.
.... By Thomas Augustus Lloyd, Assisted by Gentle-
men of Scientific Knowledge. Vol. I.' Folio.
The article Arithmetic appears to have been
•written by Robert Moody of the Excise Office,
Broad Street. From a statement in reference to
a question proposed by Mr. Moss in the Gentle-
man's Diary for 1789 I infer that one of the edi-
tions of Hall's Encyclopaedia was published to-
wards the end of 1788. The statement occurs
near the end of the article Algebra, which also
appears to have been written by Robert Moody.
The latter article contains a brief History of
Algebra. In "Art. XI" of the " Algebra " Moody
says that when 5 or 6 figures of a root of an
equation have been obtained it will shorten the
operation to seek a correction for the correction
instead of one for the whole root, and that the
rule doubles the number of figures true in the
root at each operation. This is equivalent to
adopting the method commonly called Newton's
instead of Raphson's modification of it. Moody
observes that if the term involving the square of
the correction be retained the correction will be
had by solving a quadratic equation, and that
then treble the number of figures will be had
each time. Moody bestowed some attention on
the subject of the extraction of the roots of num-
bers. Sect. I of his Chapter X of the article
Arithmetic is entitled " On Involution and Evo-
lution." In the " Supplement, to Chap. X " at
the end of the article Moody gives a rule for the
extraction of a cube root which he says will be
still more commodious for practice than a new
method given in Chapter X. It seems from a
statement at the end of Sect. V of Chapter X of
the Arithmetic that " Mr. Burrow, late mathe-
matical master at the Tower to whom" Moody
" was formerly assistant made some attempts" on
the problem of evolution.
It may be observed that Newton, at p. 10 of
his Fluxions (I spsak of the paging of my copy,
of which Prof. DE MORGAN has given a biblio-
graphic account in 2ud S. x, 232), suggests that in
certain cases the term involving the square of the
correction may be retained. On quadratic ap-
proximation see Fourier, ' Analyse des Equations,"
pp. 35, 221 et seq. and 239 et seq.
JAMES COCKLE, M.A. &c.
Goldsmith Building, Temple, London.
PASSAGE IN MINUCIUS FELIX. — In the Octavitts
(c. xxi. 14), the Ephesian Diana is spoken of (as
the text stands) " Ephesia mammis multis et veri-
bus extructa," instead of veribus some have con-
jectured uberibus, which, however, would be only
a kind of repetition. The grounds on which
Lucas Holstenius defended veribus (verubus) as
being the " iron rods by which the statue was
fixed in its position, and supported," would pre-
sent nothing peculiar or specially characteristic of
this idol in particular. But may not the reference
be to the towers represented on her head ? I am
rather surprised that neither in the edition of
Davies, 1712, nor in that of Holden, 1853, is the
correction ct turribus suggested. And yet this is
a most probable change, and one quite in accord-
ance with what is found as to errors of transcrip-
tion in the one MS. of Minucius Felix which has
been transmitted.
et turribus
©turribus
eturribus
etueribus
The gradual change would be more easily seen
in the writing employed in the MS. itself, than it
can be in print.
In the Clementine Recognitions, x. Ivi., Cote-
lerius edited from his MS. tertius fugit. In his
note he gives the correction, territm fugit; and
this has been sufficiently confirmed by MS. autho-
rities.
If my supposed correction, et turribus, has been
suggested before, let me say that I bring it for-
ward without knowing this to be the case.
S. P. TBEGELLES.
446
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. DEC. 6, '62.
REFUGEE REGISTERS. — If you would direct
attention to the fast-decaying early registers of
the refugee churches now lying in the vaults at
Somerset House, you would do a great service.
The earliest among them, that for Canterbury from
15 — up to 1GOO, is fast becoming illegible from
decay and damp. It could be copied by a clerk
in four or five days. E. F. D. C.
ASGILL, JOHN. — On this paradoxical writer see
Brydges1 Restituta, iii. 64. The following ex-
tract from Hcrrn Zacharias Conrad vnn Uffen-
bach merluviirdige Rcisen durch Niedersachsen
Holland und Engettand. Dritter Theil. Ullm. 1754,
p. 200, may be new to many of your readers,
though there are few books so interesting to the ;
literary historian of Bentley's age.
Uffenbach was in a coffee-house on the evening
of Oct. 21, 1710 (New Style), iu the company of
Baron Nirntsch and others :
" When we spoke of Asgill and his book to prove that
a man, if he hare faith, cannot die, we were assured
tbat lie wrote it, not in sober earnest, but to humour a
lady, who set him this thesis, when he asserted that there
was nothing in the world but could be defended. Baron
von Nimsch assured us that it was utterly untrue that
this book was the cause of his expulsion from parliament :
the real motive was, his being in debt; the book was
made the pretext, though it had been published seven
years before."
JOHN E. B. MAYOR.
St. John's College, Cambridge.
LADY DOROTHY ROKEBY. —
" Xmbr 1" 1729. My great Aunt, Lady Dorothy
Rokeby (the former Widow of Sir Wm Rokeby. and relict
of the IIonble Thomas Paston, Esquire, deceased), died
at her house at Knightsbridge. N.B. She sold her
Estate in Derbyshire to the late Lord Chesterfield; and
her Estate in Warwickshire, worth about 1007. per an.,
she has left by Will, in the hands of Trustees, to Geo.
Fairburne, Esqrc, aged about 15, only son of Sr Stafford
Fairburne, Kn', by Lady Rokeby's daughter. She was
buried in a very private manner in S* James's Church,
attended by Jn> Shorter, Esqre, my Brother, and Self.
My Father, Bro. Jno, and I, waited on Sir R. Walpole on
ye Occasion, in whose custody Lady Rokel>y's will, dated
Feby 2nd, 1722, was, where 'twas read ; and her Son-in-
Law, Sr Stafford Fairburne, Kn», was also there."— MS.
Diary of Sir Erasmus PhWppx, Bart.
JOHN PAVIN PHILLIPS.
Haverfordwest.
SEPULCHRAL INSCRIPTION. — A detached stone
with the following inscription was lately, and
probably now is, to be found in the parish church
of Messingham, co. Lincoln : —
" Prope hunc locum sepultus jacet Marmaducus Coggan
nuper hujus ecclesise pastor qui exuvias Mortalitalis de-
posuit decimo nono die mensis Octobris, Anno dom. 1G99,
,-Etatis suas 34."
EDWARD PEACOCK.
Bottesford Manor, Brigg.
ELIZABETH GOUSELL. — Elizabeth, second daugh-
ter and co-heir of Sir Robert Gousell, Knt., by
Lady Elizabeth Fitzalan, sister and co-heir of
Thomas Earl of Arundel, married, as is well known
to genealogists, Sir Robert Win»field, Knt. In a
pedigree, however, which has been given to me
by a professional genealogist, she is said to have
been married a second time to " William Hard-
wicke of Norton-Hardwicke, co. Stafford, who
was born 1406, and who built Ilardwicke Hall,
co. Derby," and by him to have been ancestress
of a flourishing wide-spread family. I have not
been able to find any authority for this marriage,
and the pedigree in question seems a mixture of
truth and fiction, a la Spence. At any rate the
Grosvenor portion differs from those descents of
that family entered at the Visitation of 1583 and
1614, in Harl. MSS. 6128 and 1439, to which I
have referred for its verification. H. S. G.
ELIZABETH HOUSE, HAMPSTEAD. — Lately my
attention was called to a building situated on the
eastern side of the High Street, Hampstead, and
known by the name of Elizabeth House. Lock-
ing at it from the High Street, it is nothing else
bub a private gentleman's residence — it is now in
fact a school — but the real mansion extends far
behind. According to tradition, it was a hunting-
box of " good Queen Bess," when the heath was
covered with thicket, and the place was surrounded
with woodland.
I was informed that some time since there was
discovered, during some reparations, a dungeon,
with a receptacle for a prisoner's allowance of
" bread and water," &c. ; that the walls were no
less than three feet thick, that vaults extended to a
considerable distance, and that on one occasion,
when the flooring boards of one of the rooms in the
building were removed, there was disclosed the
kitchen of an adjoining house. As I have not
examined the place myself I am unable to confirm
this information, but any correspondent who may
know more of this place of antiquity by giving a
Note or two on the subject will oblige
T. C. N.
W. M. PRAED. — In the pages of " N. & Q." we
have had recently printed one or two of the poeti-
cal charades of this celebrated and talented man.
It does indeed seem most strange that a collected
edition of his works has never yet been published
in England, though one has appeared in America.
In the Saturday Review of Nov. 1, there is a
most excellent critique upon the recent American
edition, and a sketch of the life of the author, who
died at the early age of thirty-seven. I append
a Query; where was Mr. Praed buried?* It seems
that after the service had been read, his old com-
peers at Eton, John Moultrie, Derwent Coleridge,
[* In the catacombs of Kensal Green Cemetery, and in
the mortuary apartments above them (on the right of the
chapel), is a handsome tablet to his memory, surmounted
with a fine life-size portrait of him in basso-relievo. —
ED.]
3rd S. II. DEC. C, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
44'
and Hookham Frere descended into the vault to
shed a tributary tear over the remains of one they
had loved so well.
The concluding sentence of the Agricola of Ta-
citus will occur 1 dare say to the mind of some of
your readers : —
"Quidquid ex Agricola amavimus, quidquid mirati
sumus, manet mansurumque eat in animis hominum,
in seternitate temportiin, famarerum. Nam multos vete-
rum, velut inglorios ac ignobiles, oblivio obruet ; Agricola,
posterituti narratus et traditus, supersles erit."
OXONIESSIS.
SUNDRY QUERIES.
Looking through a file of old newspapers for
the first half of the month of May, 1736, the fol-
lowing points occurred, which I am desirous of
noting for further information : —
London Dally Pout, May 5th. — " On Monday last an
information was laid before Oliver Lambert, Esq., against
Mrs. Bilbey, for wearing a chintz calico; for which she
paid ol. to the informer, according to the Act of Parlia-
ment. Thi*;is the third conviction within this month."
Again, May 18th. — " Last week, the wives of three
butchers in Leadetihall Market, were convicted on oath
before Sir Richard Brocas for wearing printed calico
gowns."
What was the nature of this sumptuary law,
and what the cause of its enactment ?
Lin 1720 (7 Geo. T. c. 7), the wear of all printed cali-
coes whatsoever, foreign and British, was prohibited by
a law, passed for the purpose of allaying the clamour of
tlie woollen and silk manufacturers; but in 1736 (9 Geo.
II. c. 4), Parliament was pleased to permit British cali-
coes only, made of cotton weft and linen warp, to be
printed and worn, on paying a duty of Gd. the square
yard. It was not till 1774 (14 Geo. ill. c. 72), and after
a most expensive application to Parliament, that cloth
made entirely of cotton was allowed to be printed.]
Daily Journal, May 8th. — " On Monday last was con-
stituted at the Flower-de-Luce, in St. Albans, a new
chapter of the ancient and honourable order of the Gre-
gorians, at which were present the Grand, Vice-Grands,
with their proper Officers, together with a large number
of the brethren. At their entrance into the town they
were received with the greatest acclamations of joy
that could be expressed by the populace. The bells rang,
and continued ringing till the Grand left the town."
What was this "Order?" And how was it,
that the solemnity described was looked upon as
an occasion of public rejoicing by the people of
St. Albans ?
[Pope, in The Dunciad, iv. 576, makes mention of the
Orders of Gregorian and Gormogon, which his commen-
tator defines to be " a sort of lay-brothers, two of the in-
numerable slips from the root of the Freemasons." The
Gregorians appear to have had numerous lodges or chap-
ters: see MR. HAWKINS'S article on this fraternity in
"N. & Q," 2nd S. vi. 273; and other particulars of them
in the same Series, v. 316, 424; vi. 206; vii. 156. Con-
sult also, The Freemasons' Magazine for May 12, 1858,
p. 877.]
Daily Journal, May 13th. — Particulars are given of the
following gentlemen (among others) made Serjeants-at-
Law : —
T. Hussey, of Lincoln's Inn, admitted July 2, 1C98;
called to the Bar, Easter, 1706.
R. Draper, of Gray's Inn, admitted May 11, 1714;
called Michaelmas, 1721.
T. Burnett, of the Middle Temple, admitted Jan. 15,
1708; called Hilary, 1728.
E. Bootle, of the 'inner Temple, admitted Feb. 24, 1726;
called Trinity, 1728.
I have selected these names (one from each
Inn) on account of the disparity between the
periods they respectively waited after their ad-
mission before proceeding to the Bar. Am i
right in the impression that now almost every-
one proceeds to the Bar about twelve terms, or
three years, after his admission to the Inn ? And
if so, was the rule different then ? Or is it that
these gentlemen had been practising under the-
Bar previously to their call ?
London Daily Post, May 14th.—" Died, at Kent Street,
Southwark, Richard Griffith, aged 116; reckoned the
oldest man in England."
Again, May 18th. — "At Stirling, in Scotland, last
month, died William Wright, weaver, aged 106."
Two cases of reputed centenarianism, reported
in one week ; but such cases are extremely fre-
quent. Mr. Wai ford (whose useful Insurance
Guide is referred to by PROF. I>E MORGAN and
myself in 3rd S. ii. 252,) gives a list of 220 per-
sons said to have reached the age of 120, or up-
wards ; headed by Thomas Cam, of St. Leonard's,
Shoreditch, who died January 28, 1588, at the
reputed age of 207 ! Mr. Walford is bold enough
to say that, this is the only case on the list he en-
tertains any doubt of!
[The falsity of this pretended entry in the burial re-
gisters of St. Leonard, Shoreditch, we exposed in our
1" S. v. 276. A few days after the publication of our
article we received a letter from the late Mr. Henry Ed-
wards, Clerk to the Trustees, in which he says: "Some
few years ago I examined the register-book in which
the entr.v is made. No one can mistake the figures 107.
There were not then any appearances of an a!te»ation."
It is correctly printed in Sir Henry Ellis's History of
Shoreditch, p. 77 : '' Thomas Cam, aged 107, January 28,
1588."]
Daily Post, May loth.— " Yesterday, at noon, as her
Royal Highness the Princess of Wales was passingthrough
the Guardchamber, at St. James's, seven young women
dressed in white were waiting in the said chamber, and
as her Royal Highness passed by, they presented a peti-
tion to her, praying that her Royal Highness would in-
tercede with his Majesty for the pardon of Francis Owen,
now under sentence of death for setting fire to the Bell
Inn, in Warwick Lane; and her Royal Highness was
pleased to promise them to use her influence with his
Majesty for that purpose."
I note this in reference to recent appeals to the
royal prerogative of mercy, merely in order to
448
NOTES AND QUERIES.
S. II. DEC. 6, '62.
mark the advance made since 1736 in the doc-
trine of ministerial responsibility. The present
practice of constituting the Home Secretary a Court
of Review, whatever may be its defects, is certainly
better for the ends of justice, than one which
would allow of appeals to the mere personal cle-
mency of the sovereign.
JOB J. BARDWELL WORKARD, M.A.
ALPHABET KEEPEB. —
"January 11, 1731. Mr Will. \Vhorwood, Alphabet-
keeper to the Foreign Post-Office [died]."
" Mr Alan Lavalade appointed Alphabet-keeper to the
Foreign Post Office."
The above extracts are from the Gentleman's
Mag. January, 1731. What office is indicated ?
GRIME.
ANONYMOUS WORKS. — A. (P.) — Eubulus. This
Dialogue, or Answers to the Romish Ryme, has,
according to Lowndes, been ascribed to Patrick
Forbes, Bp. of Aberdeen. In Select Poetry, col-
lected and edited for the Parker Society by
Edw. Farr, it is stated that it appeared in 1602,
as written by that Protestant Catholike, J. R., the
initials of J. Rhodes. In the Bodleian is the
original.
The Answere, with the same date mentioned
by Lowndes, s. v. Hieron, which I have examined
in Sam. Hieron's Sermons, fol. 1624, and which is
here, in a Dedication to a Friend, dated 1604, is
very much the same as that edited by Farr, with
this variation, that the former portion of Hieron's
Rime is much more copious, whilst the latter is |
shorter. There is a 4to edition in the Bodleian, ;
but this copy has no title. Who was really the {
author ? BIBLIOTHECAR CHETIIAM. j
THOMAS BARLOW, BISHOP OF LINCOLN. — S. T.,
in asking respecting the marriage of the daughter
of the above-named prelate, (2nd S. xi. 348), says
that he was great-grandson of the celebrated
Dr. W. Barlow, Bishop of Chichester. Would he
kindly oblige by giving the pedigree, or pointing
out where it is to be found ? THOS. BENSLEY.
Trevandrum, South India.
CORBETS op SPROWSTON, co. NORFOLK. — In
the Add. MS. (Brit. Mus.) 5522, ff. 226 and
245 b, is a pedigree of Corbet of Sprowston, co.
Norfolk. I should be glad to be informed how, if
at all, the following are connected therewith :
Miles Corbet, the Regicide ; Dr. Corbet, Chan-
cellor of the Diocese of Norwich, circa 1642-3 ;
Sir Thomas Corbet, of Sprowston, whose dau.
Amy was married to Robert Brewster, of Wrent-
ham Hall, who (i. e. R. B.) died in 1663 ; and Dr.
Vincent Corbet, Bishop of Oxford, and afterwards
of Norwich.
The pedigree mentioned above exhibits another
instance of two brothers bearing the same Christian
name, there being two Johns recorded, sons of
another John, both of whom lived to marry and
have children. THOS. BENSLET.
Trevandrum. South India.
SACRED DRAMAS. — Can any one give me in-
formation regarding the authors of the following
anonymous Sacred Dramas ? — I. Solomon, a
Drama from the Canticles, 8vo, 1744. Mentioned
in the Roxburghe Catalogue. II. Zoleika, a Dra-
matic Tale from Holy Writ, 1832. Carpenter,
London. III. Jephtha. By a Lady. Cainea,
London, 1846. IV. Mordecai, a Drama. Part-
ridge & Co., 1850 or 1851. V. Joseph and hit
Brethren, a Sacred Drama in Welsh. This was
performed at Swansea in oriental costume, pre-
sided over by an independent minister, the per-
formers being members of different chapels.
Proceeds for benefit of a Temperance Hall. See
London Era, March 31 , 1860. VI. Joseph and
his Brethren, a Sacred Drama, acted by amateurs
at Middleborough, for the benefit of the College
Hospital, April, 1861. . R. INGLIS.
EDWARD II. AND THE MINSTREL : DID GOWBR
KNOW GREEK? —
" Un jour que le roi Edouard II. tenant grande cour
ple'niere, recevait sea pre'lats, ses barons, et, suivant
1 usage agreste du temps, dinait sous la feuille'e, une
femine, habille'e en menestrel s'approcha, stir un coursier de
bataille, tout anpres du roi, et lui chanta une chanson
qui renfermait la plus vive satire de tout son gouverne-
ment. Ensuite, usant du privile'ge defemme et de menes-
trel, elle piqua des deux et sc retira, laissant la cour
tres-dbahie et le roi tres-irrite' de cette addresse." —
Villemain, Tableau de la Literature au Moyen Age, t. i.
p. 184. Paris, 1861.
I believe M. Villemain did not write his lec-
tures, which come to us through the short-hand
report. Whatever he says deserves attention, and
as no authority is given for the above, I shall be
glad of a reference which may show whether it
belongs to history or legend.
In the same lecture, p. 184, M. Villemain, no-
ticing Gower, says : —
"Cependant ce pofite, qui fut fort goute' h, la cour, qni
re'unissait a une faculte' naturelle de versifier en anglais
des connaissances assez &endues, qui savait le latin, le
grec, Phistoire, la mythologie, la scholastique et 1'alchimie,
n'a du reste aucun gdnie."
Is there any ground for supposing that Gower
knew Greek ? FFIZHOPKINS.
Paris.
EPIGRAM. — What is the solution of the fol-
lowing, said to be by an Archbishop ? —
" When from the ark's close bounds,
The world stepped forth in pairs ;
Who was 't first beard the sounds
Of boots upon the stairs ? "
II. P. C.
FELKIN'S PAPERS. — " William Felkin, Esq., has
published many useful papers on the hosiery and
3rd S. II. DEC. 6, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
449
lace trades, invaluable to the historian." (Wylis's
Old and New Nottingham, p. 293.) Where may
be found the papers here referred to ?
W. X. W.
FOREIGN MONET, ETC. — Can any one oblige
me by clearing up the following difficulties in an
account of the disposal of the goods of a fugitive
from the Low Countries about 1570 ; confiscated
under the orders of the Duke of Alva ? —
1. What coins of the present day would about
represent a livre, a sol, a denier, a livre parisis, a
livre tournois f And what is about the relative
value of money of that time and the present ?
2. The account of sale says, " De Martin and
Laurent auxquelz leur estoit demoret a recours
la despouille tant bled que lin, &c. &c." What
do these words signify ?
3. What is the meaning of " demoret a, leur-
vier" ?
4. How much is " ung bonnier," apparently a
measure of land ? Also, " ung quartier de terre " ?
Where is " Arcq" ? and where " Ausservelt" ?
I think somewhere in Hainautt. E. F. D. C.
GRINDSTONE. — In what part of Dr. Franklin's
works is a well-known anecdote called the " Grind-
stone " to be found ? H. P. C.
HOUGHTON FAMILY or JAMAICA. — Where is
there to be found a pedigree of the family of
Houghton, Jamaica, subsequent to the year 1740?
SPAL.
HERALDIC TILES AT SHAFTESBURY. — In exca-
vating on the site of the church of the ancient
Benedictine Abbey of Shaftesbury, we have come
on the tile floor of a side chapel. Some of the
tiles are heraldic, and display the following arms :
Three fusils in fess. Montacute's, Earls of Salis-
bury.
Three cheverons. De Clare's, Earls of Glou-
cester.
Four fusils in fess, each charged with a heart
(or an escallop shell ?).
May this have belonged to some branch of the
Percy family, of which several branches were
fixed in Dorset and Wilts from an early to a late
period? In 1600 the same arms were in the east
window of Sherborne Abbey Church. The North-
umberland branch bore five fusils in fess.
Per fess a demi-lion rampant, issuant tailed.
Quarterly per fess, indented, in the first quarter
a mullet. May this be for Leighton ?
A St. George's cross between four estoils.
_These are all yet found on the tiles : they are
laid in squares of fours, with a narrow border
round.
Besides- the tiles, a rude painting on stone has
been found.
Quarterly 1 and 4 arg. a chevron between three
birds sab. 2 and 3 (apparently) ermines, but only
the sinister base of the 3rd and the dexter side of
the 4th quarter are left.
I take these to be 1 and 4 arg. a chevron be-
tween 3 lapwings sab. Twyniho, Query as to
2 and 3 ?
Over the doorway, carved in stone, of an old
alms-house, founded by Sir Henry Spiller, 1642,
his arms are given. A St. George's cross voided,
between four mullets. I should be glad to know
the colours ?
In respect to the arms on the tiles, the only ones
I feel sure of are the first two. As to the rest I
shall be glad to learn the colours and the families.
J. J. REYNOLDS.
Rectory, Shaftesbury.
KNIGHT'S BEQUESTS. — In Sleater's Public Ga-
zetteer (a very useful Dublin newspaper of the
last century, and of which at least seven volumes
were printed, 1758 — 64), in the number for No-
vember 6, 1762, I find the following statement: —
" Agreeable to the bequest of Mr. Knight, two hundred
English shillings (each piece folded in a paper recom-
mending thankfulness to God for the signal deliverance of
this kingdom in the year 1690), were distributed [on
Thursday, November 4], to as many housekeepers in the
different parishes of this metropolis."
Who was this Mr. Knight? and is anything
known of his bequest at the present day ? Some
of the Dublin readers of "N. & Q." may be able
to tell ABHBA.
LEA OF SALOP. — Vert, a fesse flory counter-
flory, or. This coat is recorded to the name of
" Lea of Shropshire " in Burke's Armory. What
family of Lea bore it? H. S. G.
PACK.WOOD. — Many of your readers must have
heard of George Packwood, of razor-strop cele-
brity. His widow was married a second time. I
would be greatly obliged if any of your readers
could inform me when she died, and what was her
second husband's name ? S. O. P.
QUANDORUM : QUADRIM. — Halliwell gives quan-
dorum as a southern word. Can any one explain
the sense in which it is used ? And is quadrim
still used in Pembrokeshire ? H. W.
REFUGEES FROM Low COUNTRIES.' — The flight
from the persecution by the Duke of Alva in the
Low Countries about 1570, was an equally re-
markable exodus. Can any of your correspon-
dents give the same information respecting it as
asked for respecting the Edict of Nantes ?
E. F. D. C.
STEWARD, OF NORFOLK. — William Bensley, of
Worstead, co. Norfolk, by his will, proved April
20, 1670, in the Episcopal Conslstorial Court of
Norwich, gave hinds, &c., after the decease of
Bridgett his wife, to Anne his daughter, and
450
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"»S. II. l)i:>: C, '02.
Richard Steward her husband, upon condition
of their paying certain sums at certain times to
his (the testator's) grandchildren, Elizabeth,
Bridgett, Joseph, Pleasant, and Mary Steward.
The will is witnessed by Anthony Steward and
John Steward.
There is, according to Burke's Landed Gentry,
a family of Steward seated at Heigham Lodge,
Norwich, descended from Sir John Steward, who
accompanied Prince James of Scotland into Eng-
land, settled there, and died circa 1402, and who
was the direct ancestor of the mother of Oliver
Cromwell. The Norwich branch was probably a
younger one.
Were the above-mentioned Richard Steward
and Anthony and John of the same family ?
Their connection with it — in fact a detailed
pedigree from the said Sir John — would much
oblige THOS. BENSLET.
Trevandrum, South India.
ST. LEGERS OF TBUNK.WELL. — I wish to know
something about these St. Legers. Of what fa-
mily were they ? when did they first reside at
Trunkwell? and any particulars of marriages and
of children,, direct descendants. If your corre-
spondent (antt, p. 417) be correct, that Mary,
the daughter of Sir John Chardin, married one of
them, it is evidence that they resided at Trunk-
well early in the eighteenth century. Were they
Catholics or Protestants ? S. L. O.
YORKSHIRE SUFFERERS IN 1745. — Where shall
I find a list of those persons who were hung at
York for taking part in Prince Charles's attempt
to regain the throne of his fathers in 1 745 ? And
also the names of those then residing in the county
of York, whose landed property was confiscated
for the same offence ? FREDERICK GEORGE LEE.
Aberdeen, N. B.
ROUNDHEADS. — Why was this nickname given
to those who, in the civil wars, sided with the Par-
liament? The popular story is, that the partisans
of the king wore their hair long, while the Parlia-
mentarians cut theirs short. But is this true ?
If we examine the portraits of the parliamentary
leaders, we find no peculiarity as to hair. Milton,
Cromwell, Marvel!, Sydney, — and even the Puri-
tan divines, — differ not in this respect from
Royalists. Or was it only the common people of
the party who affected any special form of wear-
ing the hair ? Or, again, had " Roundhead "
been an established slang name for a low fellow,
answering to our snob, cad, chuu\ before the com-
mencement of the civil dissensions ? And was it
therefore contemptuously applied by the king's
partisans to their opponents of low condition, and
subsequently to those of higher rank ?
In Clarendon (Oxford edition, book iv. p. 528),
there is a promise of explanation, but nothing is
explained. The marginal note runs thus : —
" Some officers repel the rabble about Whitehall.
Hence [ ?] the terms of Koundhead and Cavalier."
After describing the contests that took place in
front of Whitehall between the officers about the
court and the people going with petitions to the
House of Commons, Clarendon says : —
"And from these contestations, the two terms of Round-
head and Cavalier grew to be received in discourse, and
were afterwards continued for the most succinct distinc-
tion of affections throughout the quarrel ; they who were
looked upon as servants of the king being then called
Cavaliers, and the others of the rabble contemned and de-
spised under the name of Roundheads."
J. DlXOK.
[In 1641, the London apprentices were among the agi-
tators for rooting out papists, innovators, and bishop?, and
particularly distinguished themselves, in opposition to the
flowing love-locks of the courtiers, by their cropped hair,
which made their turbulent heads look as round as bowl?.
Hence Queen Henrietta Maria, on one occasion, noticing
from her window a youth of the name Samuel Barnardis-
ton, exclaimed " See what a handsome young Roundhead
is there!" But the term became first popularly known
by the following circumstance narrated by Ru>hworth
(pt. m. vol. i. p. 463) : " David Hide, a Reformado in the
late army against the Scots, and now appointed to go in
some command into Ireland, began to bustle, and said
he would cut the throat of those round-headed dogs that
bawled against bishops (which passionate expressions of
his, as far as I could ever learn, was the first minuting
of that term or compellation of round-heads, which after-
wards grew so general), and saying so, drew his sword,
and desired the other gentlemen to second him," &c. See
also Rapin, ed. 1733, ii. 403. For this outrage Hide was
cashiered from his Irish employment. The reason com-
monly assigned by the Puritans for cutting their hair
shorter than their ears was, " because long hair hindered the
sound of the word from entering into the heart." " Few of
the puritans," says Mrs. Hutchinson, " wore their hair long
enough to cover their ears; and the ministers and many
others cut it close round their heads, with so many little
peaks as was ridiculous to behold; whereupon Cleveland,
in his Hue and Cry, describes them — ' With hair in charac-
ters, and lugs in texts.' From this custom of wearing
their hair (continues Mrs. Hutchinson) the name of
round/lead became the scornful term given to the whole
parliament party." See also "the Puritan," by John
Cleveland, in Wilkins's Political Ballads, i. 71.]
ClVlTAS COLONIA LoNDINENSITJM. — A bishop of
this place attended the Council of Aries, A.D.
314 (see Concilia.') In what part of Britain was
it situate ? C.
[The locality of "Civitas Colonia Londinensinm " has
been a subject of much controversy with our ecclesiasti-
cal antiquaries, and many opinions have been started
respecting this city, and where it stood. It appears that.
in the year 314 three bishops sat as representatives of the
British Church in the Council of Aries, convened by the
Emperor Constantino to take cognisance of the Donatist
! controversy. Sirmondus (Concilia Antiqua Gulliie, torn.
3rJ S. 11. DEC. C, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
451
i. p. 9, ed. 1628) has thus recorded their names and
sees : —
"Eborius Episcopus, de civitate Eboracensi, provincial
Britannia.
"Restitutus Episcopus, de civitate Londinensi, provincia
suprascripta.
"Adelfius Episcopus, de civitate Colonia Londinensium :
exinde Sacerdos Presbyter, Arrainius Diaconus. '
The first is York ; the second is London, but what are
we to understand by Colonia Londinensium ? Ussher and
lleylin say Colchester, that being so designated in An-
toninus. Selden, Sir Henry Spelman, and Cressy, take it
to be Camalodunura, now Maldon, or Colchester.
Whitaker says, it should read " Adelfius, the bishop of
the Colony of Londoners," that is, of Richborough in
Kent, then the colony of those soldiers of the second
Augustan legion who had been transplanted from Lon-
don. Whereas Dr. Henry and Bingham contend it is
Colonia Lindum, or Lindocolnia, the city of Lincoln;
these are followed by Dr. Lingard. The latter states that
Col. Lond. is plainly an error of the copyist for Col. Lind.
or Lincoln, which is named Lindum in the Itinerary,
Lindum Colonia in the Chorographia Anonymi Ruvennatis,
and Lindicolinum in Bede.
Stillingfleet's conjecture, of late years, has been more
generally accepted, especially by Welsh antiquaries. He
contends that Bishop Adelfius '.came, " ex Civit. Col. Leg.
II., which the ignorant transcribers might easily turn to
ex Civit. Col. Londin." (Antiq. of the British Churches, p.
78, ed. 1837.) This would fix it at Caerleon-upon-Usk,
called by the Romans Isca, Isca Colonia, and Civitas
Legionis II. Augustas. (Coxe's Tour in Monmouthshire,
pt. i. p. 80, ed. 1801, and Williams's Monmouthshire,
App. viii. 4to, 1796.) This city continued during the
whole of the Roman period to be the permanent station
or head quarters of the second legion, until it was with-
drawn thence early in the fifth century. Welsh tra-
dition has always reported it to have been once the
metropolis of Wales, and the third city in extent in Bri-
tain, also a ptimatial see from the establishment of Chris-
tianity until the year 521, when it was removed by St.
David to Menevia, since called St. David's, in Pembroke-
shire. The learned Rev. Rice Rees, in his Essay on the
Welsh Saints, p. 100, also states that "Adelfius is identi-
cal with Cadt'rawd (a saint and bishop), for the names are
almost a translation of each other."]
EPIGRAM. — Dr. Warton, in his Essay on Pope
(i. 299, ed. 1772), pronounces the following to be
" the most celebrated of modern epigrams : " —
"Lumine Aeon dextro,— capta est Leonilla sinistro,
Et potis est forma vincere uterque deos :
Blande puer, lumen quod habes concede sorori,
Sic tu ctecus AMOK, sic erit ilia VENUS."
Have these delicate verses, as he calls them, been
ilone into English, and if not, will some of your
correspondents render them correctly, in the same
number of lines ? LYDIA.
[The following translation of this beautiful epigram
appeared in our I1* S. iii. 289 : —
" One eye is closed to each in rayless night,
Yet each has beauty fit the gods to move,
Give, Aeon, give to Leonill thy light,
She will be Venus, and thou sightless Love."
Another translation is given in A Collection of Epi-
grams, 173,5, vol. i. No. 223 : —
" Aeon his right, Leonilla her left eye
Doth want ; yet each, in form, the gods out-vie.
Sweet boy, with thine, thy sister's sight improve;
So shall she Venus be, thou God of Love."
Also a paraphrase in the same work, No. 222 : —
"Fair half-blind boy, born of a half-blind mother,
Equall'd by none, but by the one the other ;
Lend her thine eye, sweet boy; and she shall prove
The Queen of Beauty, thou the God of Love."]
WAYNFLETE ARMS. — Wanted the armorial
bearings of Win. Patten, commonly called Win.
of Waynflete, founder of Magdalen College, Ox-
ford, or his descendants. C. J.
[The arms of William Waynflete, alias Patten, are
Fusily ermine and sable, on a chief of the second three
lilies slipped argent (Bedford's Blazon of Episcopacy
p. 102.) Dr. Chandler (Life of Waynflete, p. 30) remarks
that "the arms of the family of Patten alias Barbour
were a field fusily ermine and sable. Waynflete, as pro-
vost, inserted on a chief of the second, three lilies slipped
argent, being the arms of Eton College. This addition
was made as a token of gratitude to the king, because
from Eton he derived honour and dignity; not 'to ac-
knowledge his education there,' as Guillim most absurdly
supposes. Much stress has been laid on it, as a variation
from the Patten arms, by those who have contended that
his name was originally Waynflete. His arms are no-
ticed as remaining at Eton in 1763, cut in stone in two
places ; in the ante-chapel, over the north door ; in the
north-west corner, with the lilies on a chief; and over the
font without the lilies ; the latter, I suppose, placed in the
roof before he was provost. If they were painted, both
have been falsified about twenty years [circa 1790] ; azure
and or having been substituted in the room of sable and
ermine; and to those over the font a chief is added,
unless Hugget was mistaken, with lilies argent, but un-
like the other, and differing from their common represen-
tation. The glass in the chapel windows stained lozengy
argent, or rather ermine and sable, mentioned by him, is
no longer visible there."]
" LETTEB TO THOMAS WARTON." — A rare and
able tract, in my possession, said by Lowndes
to have been written by the Rev. Sam. Derby,
M.A., Rector of Whatfield, Suffolk (others say
Rev. S. Darby of Ipswich), entitled A Letter to
the Rev. T. Warton on his late Edition of Milton's
Juvenile Poems, 1785, is, I see, assigned by Mr.
F. S. Ellis of King Street, Covent Garden, in his
last catalogue, to Ritson. Can any correspon-
dent settle the question of authorship ? The in-
ternal evidence is, I must say, against Ritson's
claims, for the remarks, though acute, were cour-
teously expressed. LETUREDIENSIS.
[This tractate is by the Rev. Samuel Darbj', A.M.
first Rector of Whatfield, and afterwards of Bredfeld, in
Suffolk: ob. 3Ist of March, 1794. Thomas Green, in his
Extracts from the Diary of a Lover of Literature, 4to,
1810, has the following note under June 24, 1800, "Read
a very elegant piece of criticism, intituled A Letter to
the Rev. Mr. T. Warton, on his late Edition of Milton's
Juvenile Poems, ascribed, and I believe truly, to the late
Rev. Samuel Darby of Ipswich. In most of the strictures
I very heartily concur." Mr. Green and Mr. Darby both
resided and died at Ipswich. See Nichols's Literary Il-
lustrations, vi. 465-470, for a biographical notice of the
Rev. Samuel Darby.]
452
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. DEC. C, 62.
MARSEILLAISE. — You would greatly oblige me
by information respecting the history of the Mar-
seillaise Hymn. SUBSCRIBER.
[This celebrated republican hymn, called by Alison
the " Rule Britannia" of the Revolution, was entitled
the Marseillaise because a body of troops on their march
from Marseilles entered Paris, in July. 1792, playing the
tune, at that time little known in the capital. It has
been generally attributed to Rouget de Lisle, a French
officer of Engineers, whilst quartered at Strasburg in
February, 1792. (Lamarline's History of the Girondist*,
j. 518—520, edit. 1847; Alison's History of Europe, ii.
204, ed. 1849.) But the question as to who is the real
composer of the poem and the melody has been frequently
discussed by the literati of France and Germany, and we
believe still remains as dubious among them as the
authorship of Junius in our own country. Our cor-
respondent will find an article of some research on the
respective claims of Holtzmann of Mcersburg and Rouget
de Lisle to the composition of the Marseillaise in The
Athenaeum of May 4, 1861, p. 597.]
CHURCHILL: LORD LOUGHBOROUGH. — In Towns-
end's and Lord Campbell's Lives of Lord Lough-
borough, Churchill is represented as introducing
his Lordship (then , Mr. Wedderburn) into the
Rotciad, as the advocate of Murphy, the drama-
tist. One of the severe lines in his description
is —
" Mate at the bar, and in the senate loud." (1. 73.)
As the first edition of that satire was published
in March, 1761, and Wedderburn did not become
a member of Parliament till the following Novem-
ber, allow me to ask how the last clause of the
quotation could apply to him, unless indeed the
passage was an interpolation in a subsequent edi-
tion? Some of your correspondents will no doubt
solve the difficulty. D. S.
[We have before us the third edition of The Rosciad,
revised and corrected, 4to, 1761, without the line quoted
above. In fact, the poem was so far amplified in the
later editions, that what is the 105th line in the one edited
by Tookein 1804, is the sixty-ninth of that of 1761.]
QUOTATIONS. — The line of poetry, " And yet the
light that led astray was light from heaven," ap-
pears in one of your previous numbers. Can you
tell me who is the author of it, and where it is to
be found P X. Y. Z.
[" I saw thy pulse's maddening play,
Wild send thee Pleasure's devious way,
Misled by Fancy's meteor-ray,
By passion driven ;
But yet the light that led astray
Was light from heaven."
ROBEBT BURNS, The Vision,
duau second, ver. 18.]
Pray be so good as to inform me where the
following is to be found : —
" Speech is silver, but silence is gold."
C. M. F.
[This is a Dutch proverb: " Spreken is silver, zwijgen
is goud." Speaking is silver, silence is gold.]
"KNOCK, 0 GOOD SIR ROBERT, KNOCK!":
ROD IN THE MIDDLE AGES.
(3rd S. ii. 212, 288, 311.)
Some facts as to the use of the rod in the middle
ages may be found in RvushworMs Historical Col-
lections ; the Appendix to vol. iii. {jives the Star
Chamber Reports for the years 1625, 1626, 1627,
and 1628.
These reports will show that whipping was a
common punishment, and that women were not
exempt. In Michaelmas term, in the 3rd year
of Charles I., Susan Boyes and Grace Tubby
complained that Sir Thomas Jenkinson and other
justices of the peace hud plotted how to disgrace
them, and accused them of ill life and quality ;
that Susan had made mouths and jeered at a
preacher ; that the justices made their warrant
and sent them to the House of Correction, to be
there whipt, by reason of which whipping they
fell dangerously sick, and one of them was in
danger of death ; and witnesses were offered to
testify the danger they were in by reason of said
whipping. Sir Thomas Jenkinson said that, after
their whipping, they drank a health to him, and
craved a bell to be tolled in derision of the jus-
tices, and afterwards continued in their bold
courses, &c. (Appendix, p. 12.)
Again (Mich. 4 Car.), Joan Faulk brought a
false accusation against Taylor, by the advice of
Tolwyn.
The sentence of the Star Chamber was, that
Tolwyn be fined 200J. ; that both parties should
be bound to good behaviour through life, and
should acknowledge their offences and ask for-
giveness of the plaintiff at the Assizes ; that Joan
was to be whipped, and Tolwyn disqualified from
sitting on a jury. (Ibid. p. 18.)
Hill, 6 Car. Dorothy Blackburn, out of malice
against Monk, who had arrested her husband for
debt, intercepted two letters from Monk's at-
torney. In these she and others inserted treason-
able and libellous words, which put Monk's life
in danger, and for which he was imprisoned and
racked in the Tower.
For this wicked conspiracy Dorothy Blackburn
was sentenced to be imprisoned during his ma-
jesty's pleasure, and disabled from being a wit-
ness ; besides, she is sentenced to be well whipt in
the Palace Yard at Westminster, standing on a
high place, with a paper on her head declaring
her offence, to be branded on the face with the
letters F. A., false accuser, and to stand in like
sort and be whipt at Leicester. (Ibid. p. 34.)
Mich. 7 Car. — Richard Beck and Eleanor Beck
agreed in sundry foul accusations against Dalton.
It was ordered that they be committed to the
House of Correction, to be set at work three
3rd S. II. DEC. G, 'G2.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
453
months, and well whipped, and fined 40Z. a-piece.
(Ibid. p. 40.)
Mich. 8 Car. — The last case of this kind which
I find is the case of Dr. Peterson, Deacon of
Exeter. He was accused of misconduct by
Travers and his daughter Katherine Bampton,
and one Frost was implicated in the conspiracy.
As the accusation was proved to be malicious, the
Star Chamber fined Travers 1000/., and ordered
him to ask forgiveness. Frost was fined 500Z.,
and set in the pillory at Exeter, with a paper on
his head declaring his offence. Katherine Bamp-
ton was committed to the Fleet; she was thence
to be carried to the country, to be well whipped
at Collampton, and through the city of Exeter,
and then committed to the House of Correction
for a year, and to find sureties for good be-
haviour. (Ibid. p. 47.)
Now, Sir, without wishing to revive the custom
of whipping men and women through the streets,
might not the rod be properly introduced into
some of our public establishments ? We hear of
girls setting fire to a poor house in order to get
six months' imprisonment. We hear ako of small
offences against the authorities in the workhouses.
If the matron were entrusted with a birch rod,
and given authority to use it summarily, we
should hear less of such conduct. A whipping is
a sharp and sure punishment"; it cannot be
evaded, and it makes the delinquent look silly
before his companions. Perhaps we have grown
too fastidious on such matters. False accusation
is a crime which is easily committed ; its conse-
quences to society are frightful ; and this is the
oiFence which the Star Chamber visited with the
rod. SIE ROBERT.
SCOTS' PRIVILEGES IX FRANCE.
(3rd S. ii. 273, 396.)
If any of your readers desire full information,
supported by both Latin and English versions of
the original documents (Treaties and Charters) of
the 800 years' alliance between France and Scot-
land, they will find all this in the very curious,
but I think not very scarce, tracts of the Mixed-
lanea Scotica. I have this collection in four vols.
by Wylie & Co. of Glasgow, 1820, & v. y. The
particular tract to which I now refer —
" Memoirs concerning the Ancient Alliance between
the French and Scots and the Privileges of the Scots in
France, faithfully translated from the original records of
the Kingdom of France. By. Mr. Thomas Mencrieff," —
commences the fourth volume, and bears to have
been originally printed in Edinburgh by W.
Cheyne, 1751, and reprinted in Glasgow by
Robert Chapman for Wylie & Co. 1819. The
following authorities are in the first instance ad-
duced for the general opinion that the alliance
betwixt France and Scotland is as ancient as
Charlemagne, viz., Jo. Fordun, lib. iii. cap. 48 ;
Bceth. i. 10, p. 185, &c. ; Jo. Major, 1. ii. c. 13;
Paulus yEmilius, Scotch historians. Some French
historians are also said to relate the same fact ;
and it is certainly noticed, not only in the mar-
riage contract of the Dauphin Francis with Mary
of Scotland, but in an Act of Louis XIV.'s
Council of State in favour of the Scots in France,
1646, in these terms : —
" Whereas, it hath been represented to the King, in,
his Council, the Queen Regent his mother present, that
in the year 789, Charlemagne reigning in France, and
Achaius in Scotland, the alliance and confederacy having
been made between the two kingdoms, offensive and de-
fensive, of crown and crown, king and king, people and
people, as is set forth by the Charter called the Golden
Bull, it should have until this present continued without
any interruption, and been ratified by all the kings,
successors of the said Charlemagne, with advantages and
prerogatives so peculiar, that not only are the Scots in
capacity of acquiring and possessing estates, moveable
and immoveable, and benefices in France, and the French
in Scotland, without taking out any letters of natural-
isation; but also it should have been granted to the said
Scots to pay only the fourth part of the duties upon all
goods which they transport to the said country of Scot-
land ; a privilege which they have ever enjoyed, and do
enjoy at this day; that even whatever rupture there may
have been between the crowns of France and England
since the union of the kingdom of England with that of
Scotland, the French have nevertheless been still treated
by the Scots as friends and confederates," &c.
By this Act of Council the Scots are exempted
from the taxes laid upon foreigners. It may
just be observed that, although David Chamber
(one of the Lords of Council and Session of 1579),
in a history dedicated to Henry III. of France,
pretends to produce a series of treaties of alli-
ance, none of which are capable of substantia-
tion, such as —
Between Philip I. of France and Malcolm II.
of Scotland,
Louis VII. and Malcolm IV.,
Louis VII. and William of Scotland,
Philip II. and Alexander II.,
St. Louis and Alexander III., —
the existing Charters and renewals commencing
with those betwixt Philip the Fair and John
Baliol and Robert Bruce in 1295 and 1326 re-
spectively, extend down to the alliance between
Henry IV. and James VI. of Scotland, 1599.
How far any of these concessions would avail a
Scotchman of the present day, may certainly be
questioned, since I find that, although the subse-
quent charters and treaties go much farther, the
principal document, — the " Letters of Naturalisa-
tion for the whole of the Scottish Nation in
France, by Louis. XII., in 1513," contain this
fatal condition —
" Provided always, that the said King of Scotland and
his successors shall grant and allow such and like pri-
vileges to our subjects in their said kingdom."
454
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. DEC. G, 'C2.
Now though such concessions may, by Scotch
law, have continued to be reciprocated even after
the union of the crowns, as above alluded to in
1646, the Act of Union, passed half n century
later, must have disannulled them. A French gen-
tlemen whom I knew, after a protracted residence
in Scotland, came lately before one of the Regis-
tration Courts to claim a vote upon some pro-
perty of which he fancied himself the lawful
owner, and was informed that under the Alien
Act his tenure was extremely doubtful, and that
he could not assuredly obtain the franchise with-
out first taking out letters of naturalisation. That,
however, the Scots, on the other hand, still con-
tinue to obtain at least a popular recognition in
France, I can myself personally vouch, since the
mere word " Ecossais " was found to form a pass-
port in very troublous times in the streets of
Paris, when a mere Englishman would have been
stopped. In glancing in fact through the treaties,
I find that it is less on the antiquity of the alliance
that they proceed, than on the plea of the services
rendered by the Scotch against the English.
Those services appear to have been rendered
principally, but not entirely, in France, for it
was a natural consequence of the alliance, as
carried out by David II. and other Scottish
kings, that when England was engaged in her
French wars, the Scotch should cause a diversion
by an incursion into the neighbouring kingdom,
which more than once ended in the recall of the
English troops from the Continent. This was
rare devotion to an ally ; for David, being cap-
tured by the English, suffered ten years' captivity,
and was liberated only on paying a heavy ransom
which] long impoverished his country. Nor did
this deter his successors from following a similar
course. They sent, moreover, the flower of their
nobility and troops to France in every extremity
of the French ; and some of the best families of
Scotland were destined solely to the French ser-
vice. Hence the privileges granted to the Scotch
by the kings of France were —
1.^ To particular persons, by promoting or ad-
mitting them to all manner of dignities, honours,
and offices, military, civil, and ecclesiastical.
2. By committing to the Scots the guard of
their own royal persons with singular prerogatives.
3. By granting to all Scots in general letters
of naturalisation, and regarding them in par-
ticular as real denizens of their kingdom.
4. By granting particular exemptions of duties
to all the Scottish merchants in France.
All these points, with varied qualifications and
modifications, but still substantially amounting to
the privileges expressed, are fully detailed in the
documents cited.
SHOLTO MACDUFF.
CARADOC VREICIIFRAS.
(2nd S. x. 217, 251, 315 ; xi. 18.)
It would seem that under this name, two cele-
brated warriors have sometimes been confounded,
between whom there was an interval of two hun-
dred years. The first, to whom I believe the
surname of Vreichfras, or Brawny-arm, rightly
appertains, is spoken of in Sharon Turner's His-
tory of the Anglo-Saxons as a personal friend of
King Arthur (vol. i. p. '290, and vol. Hi. p. 573).
So lie could not have lived much beyond the
close of the sixth century, 542 being the latest
date for Arthur's death. Caradoc Vreichfras fell
at the battle of Caltraetb, supposed to have been
fought about the j'ear 570 on the shore of the
Forth, near the wall of Antoninus ; and the poet
Aneurin has devoted two stanzas of the Godudin,
which he composed on the occasion, to him. The
other Caradoc, who led the Britons against the
Mercians, and was slain by them about 795, is
mentioned by many of our historians. Sir Fran-
cis Palgrave, in his small volume on the Anglo-
Saxon period (p. 85), particularly alludes to his
loss, and that of the flower of the British youth
and nobility with him; and tells how the bards
mourned the event in a lament, entitled " Morva
Rhuddlan." I do not find that any historian
gives the surname of Vreichfras to this Caradoc,
though other writers have done so. I will only
add, that the two coats of arms, attributed to
Caradoc Vreichfras, will be thus accounted for.
The well-known bearing of a chevron between
three spear heads, on a sable field, evidently be-
longs to King Arthur's knight, as witnessed by
the records of Heralds' College, and the History
of Brecknockshire by Theophilus Jones. While
the other coat (Azure, a lion rampant per fesse
or and argent, within a bordure of the last,) may
be assigned to the later Caradoc ; and to all ap-
pearance correctly, judging from its close resem-
blance to that of Luddocka, the maternal grand-
father of Tudor Trevor ; coupled with the fact
that it, as well ns the former coat, has been ex-
hibited in the shield of Tudor Trevor as quarter-
ing in right of descent from Caradoc Vreichfras.
If this Note meets the eye of E. C. GBESFOHD,
will he oblige me by saying whether these two
Caradocs are distinguishable in Davies's Display
of Heraldry f And if so, whether that author
derives Tudor Trevor from both of them ?
NED ALSNED.
WINDHAMS or NORFOLK, ETC. (3rd S. ii. 348,
395.)— The \Yindh:uns of Felbrigge, in Norfolk,
are not Windhams at all by descent; their real
name being Lukin. I question their having any
Windham blood in their veins, even through
females. The last Windham of the real blood
3"* S. II. DEC. C, 'C2.J
NOTES AND QUERIES.
455
was the statesman, \vlio, I have always heard, left
his property to the Lukins, to whom he was re-
lated through his mother.
The Wyndhams of Orchard Wj'ndham, in j
Somersetshire, who afterwards became Earls of j
Egremont, are represented by William. Wyndham, |
Esq., of Dinton, in Wiltshire, who is the head of
of the family ; and who, it is said, could, the other
titles being extinct with the elder branch, make
good his claim to the baronetcy. The late Earl
of Egremont left the Wryndhams of Dinton the
reversion of the old Wyndham estates at Orchard
Wyndham, subject to the life interest of his
widow, &c. T. W. B.
AUTHORSHIP OF THE MUS^E ETONENSES (3rd S.
i. 372, 474.) — Although unable to help your
correspondents C. H. & THOMPSON COOPER as to
the authorship of the special pieces regarding
which they inquire, I add a few notes which may
be of use to them.
I have now before me a copy of the Musce
Etonenses (ed. of 1795, printed by Stafford)
•which belonged successively to two of the con-
tributors to the MUSCE Etonenses, viz. W. Herbert
and (H. V.) Bayley.
This contains several marginal notes and cor-
rections, from which I extract the following: —
(A.) Vol i. p. 295. — The piece here ascribed
to "Gibbs" is followed by a pencil note in a
handwriting unknown to me, but which I believe
to be that of Mr. Herbert. It runs thus : —
" Written by Dr. Foster entirely." Who Dr.
Foster was, however, or on what authority this
remark is made, I cannot tell.
(B.) Vol. ii. p. 266. (Mr. Herbert) 1795.—
Against this piece is written " From the German
of Gesner."
(C.) Vol. ii. p. 275. (Bayley, II. V.) 1795. —
Here, after the fifth stanza, is inserted the fol-
lowing at the bottom of the page : —
" Quippe has residens alite lugubri."
" Exercet aedes Comus, et ebrias."
" Cruore fauces ominoso."
" Eumenidum sociat furori."
The order also of the two following stanzas is
marked as to be inverted.
The two last notes (B. & C.) are in the hand-
writing of H. V. Bayley, on which also are many
critical notes, which, however, are of less general
interest than the above, and which therefore I
refrain from adding. E. C. B.
Calcutta.
THE INTELLECTUAL CAPACITY OF Twixs
(3rd S. ii. 388.) —I suspect the " learned Pro-
fessor " has been mis-reported in the fragment,
torn from, I presume, an elaborate context, by
M. D. One's own personal knowledge of intellec-
tual capacity in twins at once contradicts the
averment. But currcnte calamo I would name
the quaint, old, Herbert-like poet and essayist,
Henry Vaughan, the Silurist (of whom Dr. John
Brown discourseth so pleasantly in his Horce
Subseciva}, and his equally thoughtful and re-
markable twin brother Thomas, as a " categorical
contradiction," such as M. D. asks. Doubtless
your correspondents will furnish many others.
A. B. GROSART.
1st Manse, Kinross.
ZECHAHIAH FITCH (3rd S. ii. 163, 383) matri-
culated as a pensioner of Emmanuel College, July
5, 163:?, was B.A. 1635-6, and M.A. 1639. We
believe that he was the person who was ejected
from the rectory of Shelley, Essex, in 1662.
C. H. & THOMPSON COOPER.
Cambridge.
TENNYSON (3rd S. ii. 431.)—
" . . . Jewels, five words long,
That on the stretched forefinger of all Time
Sparkle for ever." — The Princess, p. 48.
HERMENTRUDE.
OFFICIAL ARMS OF REGIUS PROFESSORS (3rd S.
i. 311.) — Perhaps I may be permitted to reply to
my own Query, as far as the arms of the Cam-
bridge Regius Professors are concerned, since re-
ference has been recently made to one instance in
a reply to the Query on " Letters in Heraldry,"
cf which they furnish examples : —
Divinity. — Gu. on a cross, erm. between four
martlets arg., a book of the first garnished or.
Hebrew. — Arg. the letter n sa., on a chief gu.,
a lion pass. or.
Law. — Purp. a cross moline or, on a chief cousu
gu., a lion pass, of the second, charged on the
body with the letter L.
Medicine. — Az. a fess erm. between three lo-
zenges or, on a chief cousu gu., a lion pass, of the
third, on its body the letter M.
Greek. — Per chev. arg. and sa., in the first the
letters A and n ; in the second a grasshopper all
counter changed, on a chief gu., a lion pass. or.
J. WOODWARD.
PROPHECY FOUND IN ST. BENET'S ABBEY (3rd
S. ii. 404.) — In reference to MR. Rix's commu-
nication I send the following from Mercurius
Propheticus ; or, a Collection of some old Predic-
tions, 1643, p. 12. It differs slightly from the pro-
phecy given by MR. Rix from William Fiske's
MS.: —
" This Prophecy is Fathered upon Ignatius, and was
long since found in St. Benefs Monastery in Norfolk.
" When Eighty-eight be past, then thrive
Thoumaist, till forty-four or five,
After the Maide is dead, a Scot
ShaH govern thee: and if a plot
Prevent him not, sure then his sway
Continue shall till many a day.
The ninth shall dye, and the first
Perhaps shall reign : but (oh) accurst
456
NOTES AND QUERIES.
Jr. II. !
Shal be the time when thou shall see
To sixteen joyncd twenty *-three.
For then the Eagle shall have helpc
By craft to catche the Lyon's whelpe,
And hurt him sore, except the same
Be cured by the Maiden's name.
In July month of the same yeare
Saturn conjoyns with Jupiter.
Perhaps false Prophets shall arise,
And Mahomet shall shew his prize ;
And sure much alteration
Shall happen in Religion :
Beleeve this truly if then j'ou ?eo
A Spaniard a Protestant to be."
W. A. WRIGHT.
Cambridge.
IMMUNITY FROM DISEASES (3rd S. ii. 368, 418.)
Your correspondent J. D. appears to me to have
quite misapprehended my communication to you,
my object having been to point out, upon the
authority of Dr. Livingstone, four of the most
dreadful diseases which prevail in this country,
but which are unknown in South Africa ; and I
ventured an aspiration that some genius like that
of the immortal Jcnner might discover the won-
derful secret of this exemption from such direful
afflictions. I was aware that there were other
mortal diseases, which were epidemic, and might
be said to counterbalance in some degree those
indicated by me, especially fevers ; but still there
is an awful obscurity veiling the subject even
with respect to fever, which does not exist every-
where, as your correspondent, J. D., will perceive
if he turn to the Causation and Prevention of
Disease, by John Parkin, M.D., Lond. 1859,
p. 105, where it is said, there is one mystery for
which no solution can be conjectured — speaking
of our new settlement of Singapore in the Straits
of Malacca : —
"The land is a collection of jungles and woods, and
marshes, and rivers, and sea-swamps ; and it is a Sat
land, under a tropical sun, and it is a land of monsoons,
and yet it is a land where fevers are unknown."
SUGGERO.
EMANCIPATED SLAVES (3rd S. ii. 385.) — In a
pamphlet on The Case of the Free-Labour British
Colonies, issued by the Colonial Sub-Committee
of the " National Association for the Protection
of Industry and Capital throughout the British
Empire (London, 1852), the following authorities
are referred to: Report of Select Committee, 1849
(Blue Book, No. 297, H. C.) ; Edwards On the
West Indies ; Madden's Cuba ; Bigelow's Ja-
maica; Lord Dundonald's Notes on the British
Islands; and Taylor's United States and Cuba.
Another pamphlet by a Lady, Suggestions relative
to the Improvement of the British West India Co-
lonies (Bosworth: London, 1853), contains inter-
esting particulars as to the state of education
* Altered by the pen to " thirty " in the copy before
me, evidently after 1649. Quart— When was this pro-
phecy first published ?
there. Both these pamphlets are in the
Museum.
JOB J. BARDWKLL WOBKAI:
CORRUPTIONS INTO SENSE: "RACCAII.I.E" (3rJ
S. ii. 303.) — Is the etymology of raccaille s > un-
certain ? May it not reasonably be referred to the
verb racier, to rake? Raccaille, thut which is
raked together = refuse, rubbish.
Dr. MAHKVII.LE.
REINDEER, RAINDEER (3rd S. ii. 406.) — In
Italian version of Olaus Magnus, the only or
have at hand, I find a chapter (book xvii, chap, ix.)
concerning the above animals. It is headed ".
Rangiferi," and goes on to describe them as —
" Beasts which have three horns, being a species of
stags, but much larger, stronger, and swifter, and called
Rangiferi for two reasons: the first, because they have
long horns on their head, like boughs (rami) of the oak ;
the second, because those instruments which are placed
on their breasts and horns, to assist them in drawing
carriages in the winter, are called in that language,
Ruuclia and LocJta."
As the passage stands, the latter reason seems
rather farfetched, but I suspect a misprint.
C. W. BIN-CHAM.
Surely the etymology of "reindeer" admits of
no dispute. The earliest English description of
the animal bearing the name is, I think, that which
we find in King Alfred's book on Geography.
In that book we are told that in Finland the great
wealth of the people lay in certain animals. The
king's informant said that he himself owned — tam-
ra deora unbebohtra syx hund (tha dear hi hatath
hranas) thara u'aeron syx stael- hranas, tha beoth
swythe dyre mid Finnum, for theem hy foth tha
icililan hranas mid — six hundred tame deer un-
purchased (the deer they call ranes), of them six
were decoy ranes, which are of much value with
the Finlanders, for with them they catch the wild
ranes.
Rane was the name by which the Philander
distinguished the animal which we, not under-
standing the origin of the word, call reindeer,
rangifer, &c. In my translation I give deer as
the equivalent for deora, not presuming to judge
whether the original word in that connection sig-
nify " deer" in our modern sense of the word, or
simply "wild animal" in its more extended mean-
ing: (" Rats and mice and such small deer.") Your
readers can for my " deer " substitute " beast " if
they please. W. C.
FAIRFAX FAMILY (3rd S. ii. 390.) —
"Memorise Sacrum. Hie jacet Catherina Lvttleton,
filia D.D. Gulielmi Fairfax, de Steeton, in Comitatu
Eboracensi, equitis aurati, Uxor D.D. Caroli Lyttleton,
equitU aurati, et in Jamaica vice Gubernatori. Obijt
Januar. 26, A.D. 1GG2."
The above, from the cathedral church of Spanish
Town, Jamaica, may be acceptable. SPAL.
3'* S. II. DEC. G, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
457
THE WALKINSHAWS OF BAREOWFIELD (2nd S.
ii. 67, 137 ; 3rd S. ii. 1 17.)— Under the first of these
references, your correspondent J. B. gave what he
stated were the Christian names of the ten daugh-
ters of the family, and accounted for six of these ;
leaving then unaccounted for Barbara, Elizabeth,
Anna, and Jean. Under the second of the refer-
ences I showed the date of the death of Barbara,
and under the third that of Elizabeth. There still
remained, however, as he says, the other two; one
of whom he states was maid of honour to the
Princess of Wales, mother of George III.
Now I have just accidentally noticed what seems
to make it probable that your correspondent must
be in error on two points — 1. That the name of
either Anna or Jean must be a mistake ; and, 2.
That none of the daughters was maid of honour
to the princess, though one of them was her house-
keeper. What I allude to is Sir Walter Scott's
Introduction to the novel of Redgauntlet, where
he quotes Dr. King's Anecdotes of his own Times.
" When," says Dr. King, " Prince Charles Edward
was in Scotland, he had a mistress, whose name
was 'Walkinshaw' (Clementina according to J.
B.), and whose sister was, at that time, and is
still (i. e. in 1750), housekeeper at Leicester
House," the residence of the princess. I see ac-
cordingly in the list of that royal lady's house-
hold, given in Chamberlayne's State of Britain for
1755, p. 260, "Housekeeper, Catherine Walkin-
shaw ; salary, 250Z. per annum." This, I think,
must clearly have been one of the Barrowfield
daughters; for, though the family was very re-
spectable, their grade was hardly such as to let it
be supposed that any of them would hold the
high office of a maid of honour. Assuming, there-
fore, that the total number of daughters was ten,
there must be an error as to Anna or Jean ; but, on
the other hand, J. B. may have been misinformed,
and there may have been eleven daughters, — Cathe-
rine in that case falling to be added in the enu-
meration. G. J.
Edinburgh.
BAZIEB (3rd S. ii. 305.)— Hazier is undoubtedly
bear's ear. The common French name of the
auricula is oreiUes d"ours. DE MAREVILLE.
LETTER OF A BAKER OF BOULOGNE (3rd S. ii.
368.) — From a desire, in my Lowndes' Notes, to
economise so far as possible the valuable space of
" N. & Q." I did not give the full title of this
tract, which more clearly expresses what its pur-
port is. The full title is as follows : —
" A Letter of a Baker of Boulogne sent to the Pope,
translated out of the Italian Copy (printed at Florence)
into French and Dutch, and now into English." London,
1607, 4to.
• Boulogne is, no doubt, intended to signify Bo-
logna. I have copied the above verbatim from
the Malone Catalogue ; but perhaps one of your
Oxford correspondents may be able to enlighten
M. AUGUSTS DE ST. GEST, should that gentleman
still wish it, on the nature of the Letter^ which I
confess never to have met with.
W. CAREW HAZLITT.
HARRAN, IN PADAN AKAM (2nd S. xii. 347, 377 ;
3rd S. i. 95, i92.) — I have met with what I did
not expect to find in Milton's Paradise Lost,
namely, an "authority" in our great poet for the
position attributed by me to Harran, in Padan
Aram. In the 12th Book, the Archangel Michael
is represented as relating to Adam what was to
happen after the Flood ; and he describes the
call of Abraham in the following words : —
" Him on this side Euphrates yet residing,
Bred up in idol- worship
Him God the Most High vouchsafes
To call by vision, from his father's house,
His kindred and false gods, into a land
Which he will show him ....
He straight obeys;
Not knowing to what land, yet firm believes :
I see him, but thou canst not, with what faith
He leaves his gods, his friends, and native soil,
Ur of Chaldea, passing now tlieford
To Haran."— Ver. 114—131.
It is scarcely necessary to explain that Eden,
being placed within Mesopotamia, Ur of the Chal-
dees would be described as being " on this side
Euphrates;" and the "ford" passed by the pa-
triarch being evidently that of the Euphrates,
Harran would, of course, be on the west side of
that river — towards Damascus, in fact, where I
found it.
Can any of your readers say what was Milton's
authority for this ? And are there any other in-
stances of the use of the English word sacred,
like the Latin sacer, in a bad sense ? Devote(d),
in both a good and a bad sense, is common.
CHARLES BEK.E.
Bekesbourne.
GHERARD MERMAN'S " BOATMAN'S DIALOGUES "
(3rd S. ii. 229.)— -I have waited to see if any other
contributor to " N. & Q." would unravel this
Query for M. E. ; but there being no response,
I am strengthened in my belief that the book
wanted is Les Entretiens des Voyageurs sur la
Mer, 12mo, Cologne, Marteau, 1680 ; which, upon
the authority of Barbier, was written by Gabriel
Flournois. The book has been several times
printed, and is not uncommon ; there is nothing
to indicate its being a translation from the Dutch,
or that it ever bore the title of Boatman's Dia-
logues. That it emanated from " sturdy opponents
of Rome " there is little doubt ; as the leading
story in it, the " Hist, of Mad. de St. Phale," will
show. This latter, in English, is a well-known
and easily procured book. See " N. & Q.," 2nd
S. xi. 509. J- 0.
458
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. DEC. 6, 'C2.
GODFREY COPLKT (3rd S. ii. 188.) — Your cor-
respondent, C. J. 11., will find some explanation
of the hurried burial of Mr. Copley in the follow-
ing extract from a letter given by Hunter in his
South Yorkshire, vol. i. p. 342. It was written on
Dec. 18, by Francis Nevile, a near relative of Mr.
Copley's, to Lady May Partitigton : —
" In my retorne from London my purpose was to have
scene you ; but partely feareing your not being at home,
and partly drawne on with my companie, I tooke up my
lodgeing at Sprodbnrgh, •where I miste the best frienjl
that ever man had, and instead gf him found differences
betwixt all those to whom be left his estate, and most im-
placable and unnatural ones, betwixt the brother and
sister [Mr. William Copley and Mrs. Hastings], my ever
honoured kinsman buried (as I heard) if with Christian,
yett 1 dare toy not with decent buriale."
I may observe that Hunter does not give the
day of his death, but gives his burial on the 29th
of November [not the 19th]. Which is correct?
Hunter is generally most trustworthy. C. II.
Leeda.
SAMUEL OTWAY (3rd S. ii. 386.) — One Samuel
Otway matriculated as a sizar of St. John's Col-
lege, Cambridge, July 8, 1611, was B.A. 1614-5,
M.A. 1618, and rector of St. James's, Colchester.
He died before Oct. 6, 1642. We can find no
mention of any other person of this name, and
therefore suppose that he may have been the
author of the treatise mentioned by your corre-
spondent, and that the date, 1669, is merely that
of the transcription of the MS. Your corre-
spondent will, perhaps, furnish the tide of the
book. C. II. Si THOMPSON COOPER.
REVOCATION OF THE EDICT OF NANTES (3rd S.
ii. 308, 339, 397.)— In the sitting of the National
Assembly of Dec. 9, 1790, M. Barere (de Vieuzac)
proposed a decree, in twenty-two articles, in favour
of the descendants of exiled or fugitive Protest-
ants. This decree was adopted almost without
discussion. The twenty-first of these articles was
to the effect that " all persons born in a foreign
country, and descended in any degree, either on
the male or female side, from French parents who
were expatriated for their religion, were declared
to be French citizens, and to enjoy the rights
attached thereto, should they return to France
and fix their domicile in it, and take the civic
oath." By the same decree the property which
had belonged to the exiles was restored to their
descendants, on certain conditions, which are de-
tailed at great length. It would be extremely
interesting to know what has been the effect of
this decree of the National Assembly, and to what
extent the spoliated property was claimed and
restored. J. MACRAT.
BRADSHAW (3rd S. ii. 412.) — There is a monu-
ment to the memory of a son of the regicide I
Bradshaw, in Jamaica. SPAL. !
MERMAIDS WITH Two TAILS (3rd S. ii. 384.) —
Mermaids, in German heraldry, are frequently
represented with two tails. If your correspon-
dent, SIGMA TAU, can refer to Siebmacher's
Wappenbuch, he will find instances under the
following names : Colofia von Fols, Die Kietter,
Zeylln, Fcnnden, Die Fullin, Die Gebharat, Die
Weinnig, and Die Baibel.
The mermaid is also thus represented in the
arms and supporters of the French family of De
Tholosano (Armorial Universel, Paris, 1679).
J. WOODWARD.
The mermaid with two tails is not so rare a
beast as your correspondent seems to think. The
Venetian printers were fond of it. Examples
will be found in the title-pages of missals, &c., by
the Juntas, and J. Variscus, whose device is very
well executed. J. C. J.
THE SAMARITAN PENTATEUCH (3rd S. ii. 370.) —
MELETES inquires if there is any ground for sup-
posing that the Samaritan Pentateuch existed
among the Ten Tribes before their captivity ?
Undoubtedly it did. It differs very little from
the Hebrew Pentateuch, except in being written
in the ancient Hebrew characters, which are now
called Samaritan ; whereas the Pentateuch of the
Jews is written in Chaldaic letters, or at least in
characters more recent and elegant. The Sama-
ritan comes down from the time of the separation
of the Ten Tribes under Jeroboam. It is re-
corded in the 4th, otherwise called the 2nd Book
of Kings, xvii. 24, that the king of the Assyrians
brought people from Babylon, and from other
parts, and placed them in the cities of Samaria in-
stead of the children of Israel : and they possessed
Samaria, and dwelt in the cities thereof. These
men feared not the Lord, and he sent lions among
them for their punishment. Which, when the
king heard of, he ordered one of the priests of the
Israelites, who had been carried with the rest
into captivity, to go and dwell with these people
in Samaria, and teach them the ordinances of the
god of the land (v. 27). One of the priests went
accordingly, and taught them how they should wor-
ship the Z.or£/(v.28). This priest must have carried
with him the Samaritan Pentateuch, to teach them
from it the law of Moses. The Ten Tribes, there-
fore, must have had it before they were led into
captivity. F. C. H.
IF NOT (3rJ S. ii. 384.) — I do not know whether
I shall surprise PROFESSOR DE MORGAN, but I
can produce an example of the ambiguity he re-
fers to from the very first paragraph of his own
valuable Essay on Probabilities (p. 2). He speaks
of " the higher branches of mathematics " as
" things understood by very few, and frequently
distrusted, if not by those who have reached
them, by those who have passed some way up
3"» S. II. DEC. G, 'G2.-J
NOTES AND QUERIES.
459
the avenue which leads to them." I cannot gather
from this whether the if not is equivalent to per-
haps even, or the if used in the sense of though.
The point is important in this particular sentence,
and I shall be glad to learn the true meaning
from PROFESSOR DE MORGAN himself.
JOB J. BARDWELL WORKARD, M.A.
" Touu TO THE CAVES," ETC. — The J. H. of
the Query proposed by PRERTONIENSIS (3rd S. ii.
388), was the Rev. John Hutton, B.D., Vicar of
Burton. His Tour to the Caves, Sfc., has been
frequently republished as an addendum to West's
Guide to the Lakes, Sfc., printed by W. Penning-
ton, and also by John Kilner, his successor, at
Kendal — the eleventh edition (and I think the
last) having issued in 1821. The separate pub-
lication of 1781 may now be considered rare.
The initials, J. H., have been sometimes con-
founded as representing another topographical
writer, namely, John Houseman, of Corby, near
Carlisle, the author of A Descriptive Tour and
Guide to the Lakes, Caves, Mountains, and other
Natural Curiosities, in Cumberland, Westmoreland,
Lancashire, and Part of the West Riding of York'
shire, 8vo, Carlisle, 1800.
The gentleman to whom Mr. Hutton dedicated
his Tour was one of mark in his generation :
having signalised himself on various occasions in
the service of the East India Company under
Lord Clive, and successively rising to the rank of
Major, Military Secretary to the Governor, and
to the important office of Judge- Advocate in
India. On his return home, his taste for the an-
cient literature of his native country was indulged
in accumulating an extensive library of fine and
rare English books, which (after his death) were
sold by auction in 1788. He was author of several
poetic effusions, published in Pearch's collection.
JOHN BURTON.
Preston.
QUOTATION FROM COLERIDGE (3rd S. ii. 411.) —
F. will find the passages in question in Cole-
ridge's Aids to Reflection, Aphorism xxv. of the
" Moral and Religious Aphorisms."
ALFRED AINGEB.
Alrewas.
SAMUEL ROWE (3rd S. ii. 411.) — I am much in-
terested in all that relates to the family of Rowe,
and have been collecting information for some
years. I find, however, only one note in which
the above name occurs, viz. " Henry, son of
Samuel Row, baptized at St. Michael's, Lewes, in
] 670." A branch of the Rowe family was seated
at Lewes for several generations, and is recorded
in the Visitation of Sussex in 1634.
.With regard to Owen Rowe I should be very glad
to receive some fresh particulars. A correspon-
dent to a previous volume (2nd S. x. 322) ex-
tracted the following note from a Herald's work
book : —
" Arms of Col. Rowe (the Regicide) of Darlston, in
the parish of Hackney, impaled with those of his wife.
She was the daur of Hodges of Bristow, ob. 18 Sep*
1650, aud was buried at Hackney."
On the other hand Philipof, in his Villare Can-
tianum (sub. " Plumstead "), states : —
" Bur wash Court passed away to Mr. Rowland Wilson
of London : he, upon his late decease, gave it his daugh-
ter and her heirs, who was first married to Doctor
Crisp ; and now, secondly, to Colonel Row of Hack-
ney."
Owen Rowe died a prisoner in the Tower of
London, and was buried at Hackney, Dec. 27,
1670. He was evidently a member of the Hack-
ney branch of the family, and, I am inclined to
think, son of Robert Rowe ; who was the younger
brother of Sir Thomas Rowe of Swarford, co.
Oxon, and Hackney.
I learn also from the State Papers (Domestic
Series), Oct. 1660, that Owen Roe, whose estate
was confiscated through treason, was brother and
executor of Francis Roe of London.
I should be very glad if MR. BENSLET would
communicate with me upon this subject of com-
mon interest ; and should also be thankful for
further information from any other quarter.
CHARLES J. ROBINSON, M.A.
Healaugh Vicarage, Tadcaster.
BISHOP HAI.L OF BRISTOL (3rd S. ii. 3S9.) —
The entry of his admission into Merchant Taylors'
School, in 1644, states : —
" John Hall, only son of John Hall, Clerk, Incumbent
of Bromsgrove, born at Bromsgrove, 29 Jan. 1633."
C. J. R.
NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.
Handbook to the Cathedrals of England. Eastern Divi-
sion. Oxford, Peterborough, Norwich, Ely, Lincoln. With
Illustrations. (Murray.)
In this handsome volume of Murray's Handbook to
the Cathedrals of England, we have descriptions of the
five Cathedrals, which may be broadly classed as the
" Eastern Division," since Oxford and Peterborough
were originally included within the great diocese of
Lincoln. These descriptions have been drawn up, after
careful personal survey, with the assistance of the best
and most recent works on each Cathedral, and the
Editor very properly acknowledges how much he is in-
debted to the labours of Professor Willis, whose architec-
tural knowledge and extensive learning have made him
the great authority on all such matters. To Mr.
Parker, of Oxford, the Rev. G. A. Poole, and the late
Mr. L'Estrange, does the Editor, in like manner, avow
his indebtedness. The Editor himself, it is clear, has
worked honestly and heartil}', and the book, with its
beautiful illustrations, some ninety in number, is doubt-
less destined to receive its full share of that popularity
460
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"« S. II. DEC. C, '62.
•which public opinion has so unanimously accorded to
Mr. Murray's series of Handbooks.
Matitirontana Andra, ovemm Nottveaux Melanges de
Literature Macaroniqttt, par Octave Delepierre. (Trttb-
ner & Co.)
Students and admirers of Macaronic Literature are
already under considerable obligations to M. Delepierre
for the curious volume of Macarontana, published by him
in 1852. During the tea years which hare elapsed since
that volume was published, much valuable information
upon the subject has appeared in the literary and bibliogra-
phical journals, and many curious specimens of Macaronic
Literature have been disposed of by public auction. For
instance, at M. Libri's great sale in July last, some Ma-
caronic specimens of great antiquity and rarity were sold,
producing literally their weight in gold. Some of the
liberal purchasers of these literary treasures, having
kindly permitted M. Delepierre to make use of them, he
has availed himself of the opportunity to complete as far
as possible bis account of the Macaronic writers. The
present volume, which is limited to 250 copies, consists of
nine chapters, which are severally entitled : — I. Fossa
and his Poems; II. Vigonce opus Incipit; III. Virgi-
liana ; IV. Barthelemy Bolla ; V. Thesaurus Proverbiarum
Italico-Bergamascorum ; VI. Tifi Odassi; VII. Guarino
Capella; VIII. Jean Baptiste Lichiardus; and lastly,
IX. German Macaronics. Miscellaneous Fragments;
Zanclaio, and his Poems. Lovers of this quaint learning
are greatly indebted to M. Delepierre for this curious
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pretended Quene of Englande (1588)." This scurrilous
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NOTES AND QUERIES.
461
LONDON, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 13, 1862.
CONTENTS. — NO. 50.
NOTES : — The Registers of the Stationers' Company, 461 —
Greek Cross, 463 — Metric Prose, Ib.— Tyre and Retyre,
464 — The Copernican System, 465.
MINOR NOTES : — Yard-Laud : " Virgata aut Virga Terrse "
Sleep and Death — Traditions through [few Links — By-
ron's Plagiarisms — Rope "Walking, 465.
QUERIES: — The Lords of Galloway: De Carricks and
Kennedies, 466 — Anonymous — Abergavenny, Bergavenny
— John Russell Bartlett and the Welsh Indians — James
Bensley — "Be wise and be warned" — English Ensign —
" Farewell, Manchester " —, Garotte, or Garrotte — The
Hennings and "William of Wykeham — " The Highlander "
— Holdsworth and Aldridge s Shorthand — Jewish Songs
and Music — Lines on Napoleon I. — Mid-November — Pri-
vate Printing-Press — Seals — Sir Leonard de Sandersted
— " Stipendarise Lachrymae," &c., 1654 — Stanton-Har-
court, &c. — " Treatise on the Public Services" — Trinity
College, Dublin — A Two-headed Man, 467.
QUERIES WITH ANSWERS : — Dr. Richard Kingston — Pine
and his Descendants — French Testament, 1667 — Rouge-
Croix — Corporas Case — Sir Philip Sidney, 470.
REPLIES: — Cats and Derelict Vessels, 472— Family of
Goolkyn, or Colkin, Ib. — Reindeer, 473 — Dartmouth
Arms, 474 — " The old oaken Bucket " — Platform —
Thomas Campbell — Baker's " Chronicle "—" The Plea-
der's Guide "—Sundial and Compass — " Punch and Judy "
— Painting of the Reformers — Quotation : " The King
of France," &c. — Noel, a Painter — Gradely — Knight of
the Carpet — Local Names — Tir — " TwinkJing of a bed-
staff" — Sublime— Sir Hugh Myddleton — Burke's admired
— Fly-leaf Scribblings — The Written Tree of Thibet
Poet-
— Word derived from a Proper Name — Aristocratic
Mayors — Hackney, &c., 474.
THE REGISTERS OF THE STATIONERS'
COMPANY.
(.Continued from 3rd S. ii. p. 423.)
xvto Junij [1594]. — Thorns Creede. Entred
for his copie a booke intituled The troublesom and
hard adventures in love, with many fyne conceyted
sonnettes and pretty poemes, delightfull to the
reader. Written in Turkey by R. C. . . . vjd.
[This translation of one of the Novelas Exemplares of
Cervantes does not seem to have made its appearance in
print until 1652, 4to. The initials R. C. have been taken
for those of Richard Carew, of Antony ; but they really
belonged to Robert Codrington, who travelled in Turkey,
and resided for some time at Constantinople.]
25 Junij. — Mr. Harrison, sen. Entred for his
copie, &c. a booke entituled Orchestra, or a poeme
of Daunsinge vj*.
[By Sir John Davys, who has sometimes been con-
founded with the poor dull voluminous versifyft-, " John
Davies of Hereford." This distinguished wit and lawyer,
who afterwards became Attorney-General for Ireland, was
in earlier and later life, patronised by Lord Chancellor El-
lesmere, and at Bridgewater House is preserved, perhaps,
the only existing copy of the first edition of his Orchestra,
12mo, 1596, with the MS. sonnet presented with it to the
then Master of the Rolls and Keeper of the Great Seal.
The first edition varies materially from "others, because
Sir John Davys, having quarrelled with his friend Mar-
tin in 1597 or 1598, wished to recall what he had said in
his praise in 1596. He also then omitted his tributes to
the leading poets of the day, Spenser and Daniel, which
we quote because they are not to be found elsewhere : Sir
John Davys, expressing his wish to elevate his language
to a level with his subject, exclaims —
" O, that I could old Gefferies Muse awake,
Or borrow Colin's fayre heroike stile,
Or smooth my rimes with Delia's servant's file ! "
;' Old Geffery " is of course Chaucer ; and it was in 1596
that Spenser published the continuation of his Faery
Queen, while Daniel's Delia had at that date been several
times reprinted.]
Mr. Harrison, Sen. Assigned over unto him
from Richard Feild, in open Court holden this
day, a book called Venus and Adonis . . . vjd.
[A note appended to the above informs us that Shake-
speare's Venus and Adonis had been " before entred to
Ric. Feild, 18 April, 1593," and such, we have seen, was
the fact. The 4to editions of 1593 and 1594 both bear
Field's name on the title-pages, and Harrison was not
openly connected with the publication until the 8vo
impression of 1596 : it still bore the initials R. F., as those
of the printer.]
26 Junij. — John Danter. Entred for his copie,
&c. theis ballads followinge, viz.
The newe married wife's fayringe . . . vjd.
The Cuntry man's welcome to Barthm. fayre vjd.
A maydes lamentation for lack of a fayringe vjd.
The wofull spectacle of the just Judgement of
God shelved uppon a merchantes servant for his
cruelty toward his owne Mr, beynge in poverty.
vjd.
[The three first ballads were published in anticipation
of the commencement of Bartholomew Fair, then forming
a sort of epoch in the incidents of the year. Of the fourth
registration we know nothing.]
xx° die Julij. — Tho. Creede. Entred for his
copie, under thandes of the Wardens, The lament-
able Tragedie of Locrine, the eldest sonne of K.
Brutus : discoursinge the warres of the Brittans, Sfc.
vjd.
[The date on the title-page of the old printed edition
is 1595, where we are also told that it was " Newly set
foorth, overseene and corrected by W. S-" Upon this
authority it has been imputed to Shakespeare, while
Greene's and Peele's hands are certainly visible in dif-
ferent places. A copy was in the library of Heber con-
taining the following very curious note in the hand-
writing of Sir G. Bucke, Master of the Revels : " Chas.
Tilney wrote [a] Tragedy of this matter he named
•Estrild' [which] I think is this. It was [lost] by his
death, and now some fellow hath published [it.] I made
dumbe shewes for it, which I yet have. G. B." — We
believe that Charles Tilney was the original author of
Locrine, and that, when it was acted, other dramatists,
and possibly Shakespeare himself, made alterations in,
and additions to it, in order to adapt it better to repre-
sentation.]
2 Aug. — John Danter. Entred for his Copie,
&c. a ballad intituled A call to Repentance to all
true Englishe hartes vjd.
John Danter. Entred alsoe for his copie, &c. an
other ballad entituled Bellin Duns Confession,
[Probably connected in subject with a former entry of
May 16th in this year, which gave The life and death of
Bellin Dun : that was by Thos. Gosson.]
462
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'd S. II. Di-.r. 13, '02.
viii. Any. — John Danter. Entred for his oopie,
&C. a ballad intituled Howe a blacksmith used the
rich farmers of Denmark for raisinge their corne.
vjd.
[Stow bears witness that the price of grain was at this
date unusually high, and this ballad was intended to be
a warning to corn-hoarders and merchants, who, as the
old Chronicler states (Annnles, 1279), had "overmuch
transported" the produce of the country.]
John Dnnter. Entred for his copie, &c. a ballad
intituled The crucll handlinge of one Nichus Bur-
ton, merchantttilor of London, by the blody Spaniardes
in the Cittye of Cycill, ivhoe was there burned for
the testimony of Jesus Christ vjj.
x° Aug. — Cbthbert Burbye. Entred for his
copie, &c. a booke intituled Histoire de Primalion
de Grece.
Cuthbert Burbye. Entred for his copie, &c.
another booke intituled Seconde Here de Prima-
lion de. Grece vjd.
[These entries were, no doubt, made to secure the right
of publishing the translation when it was finished. We
are not aware that Primalion appeared in English until
1619, 4to.]
xxj Augusti. — John Danter. Entred for his
copie theis ballads insuinge, viz.
The newe marryed wifes fayringe. . . . vjd.
The Cuntry mans welcome to Barthorn faire vjj.
A maydes lamentation for lack of a fairing . yjd.
[These three ballads had already been entered and paid
for by Danter on the 2tith June. The re-entry of, and
repayment for, them would seem to have been a mistake
of rare occurrence. To omit payment altogether was very
usual.]
29 Augusti. — Thorns Gosson, Tho. Millington,
Thorns Dason. Entred for their Copie, &c. a booke
intytuled A true discourse of a most cruell and
barbarous murther committed by one Thomas
Merry on the persons of Robt Beeche and Thorns
Winchester, his servaunt, on the Fridaie night the
23 of August, beinge Barthmie Ece, 1594. Toge-
ther with the order of his arraynement and execu-
tion vjd.
[By several memoranda in Henslowe'a Diary, pp. 92,
93, 160, &c., it appears that John Day and William
Haughton were paid various sums by the old manager
for a drama founded upon the incident to which the
above entry refers. No such play has survived, but
it could not have been a piece got up in haste on the
occasion of the murder, because the receipts by Day and
Haughton belong to the year 1599. As late as 1601 was
printed Two Tragedies in Out by Robert Yarrington ;
" the one of the Murther of Maister Beech, a chandler in
Thames Street, and his boy, done by Thomas Merry ; the
other of a young Childe murthered in a wood by two
Kuffins, with the consent of his Uncle." The two sub-
jects are not very ingeniously combined, and the last
cannot fail to remind the reader of Deloney's famous
ballad of The Children in the IVood; which however, as
we apprehend, had appeared earlier than the date of Yar-
rington's compound drama. The preceding entry was a
prose narration, but it appears from what follows, that
the same stationers, as well as Danter, published ballads
on the event, and from the last we learn that Merry's
sister was implicated and executed.]
Tho. Millington, Tho. Gosson, Tho. Dason.
Entred for their copie, &c. a ballad entituled
Beche his ghosle, complayninge on the icofull mur-
der committed on him and Thomas Winchester, his
servant vja.
3 September. — Mr. Windet. Entred for his
Copie, &c. a booke entituled Willobye his acisa, or
the true picture of a modest maid and of a chast and
constant wife vj"1.
[ Willoby was no mean poet, especially if we are to take
literally the assertion that this Anita had been laid bv
by the author for thirty or more years. Shakespeare
seems mentioned in it by his initials" \V. S., and Lucrece
is spoken of by name. Windet produced ffillobie't
Anita in 1594, and it was again printed in 1596. The
fourth impression of it came out in 1G05, but we know
not of any third. See also " N. & Q." 2nd S. ix. 59.]
John Danter. Entred for his Copie, &c. a ballad
entituled A lamentable ballad describing the wofull
murder of Robert Beeche, §~c vjd.
7 Sept. — Thomas Gosson, Tho. Myllington.
Entred for their copie, &c. a ballad intituled The
pitifull lamentation of RacheU Merrye, ichoe sujfred
in Smithfield with her brother Thorns Merrye the
vj of September 1594 vj*.
[Her brother had been txecuted, according to a pre-
vious entry of the 29th Aug., before that date ; but the
probability is that they suffered on the same day, and the
<: lamentation " of the sister did not come out until after
Sept. 7. No such ballads are now known.]
Thomas Gosson. Entred for his Copie, &c. a
ballad entituled The lamentable ende of Thomas
Merrye and Rachell, his sister vj*.
[This seems to have been a separate enterprise by
Gosson, as the next entry shows that Millington also had
a ballad on the murder, in which he was solely con-
cerned.]
9° die Septembr. — Tho. Millington. Entred
for his Copie, &c. a ballad intituled The sad lamen-
tation of Thomas Merrye, SfC vjd.
x° Octobris. — Edward Aggas. Entred for his
copie, &c. a booke intituled The Jesuyt displaied,
translated out of Frenche by E. A. . . . vja.
[E. A. was doubtless the publisher himself.]
xi Octobm. — Symon Waterson. Entred for
his copie, under the Wardens handes, a booke
intituled The discention betwixt the houses of Yorke
and lancasfer, in verse penned by Samuel Danycll,
uppon Condition that before yt be printed he shall
procure sufficient aucthorily for the printinge of yt.
vjd.
[The earliest entry of Daniel's Civil Wars. The first
four books came out with the date of 1595, but copies in
that year differ in some respects materially. They were
printed again in 1593, and a fifth book was added in
1599 ; but the work was not completed until 1609. Its
merits and popularity were great.]
xv October. — Richard Jones. Entred for his
copie, &c. a booke intituled Newes from Jack
Srd S. II. DEC. 13, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
463
bcgger under the bushe, with the advise of Gregory
Gaddesman, his fettowe legger, touchinge the deare
prizes ofcorne, and hardnes of this present y ere.
vja-
[Gypsies are generally the makers of butchers' skewers,
or gads, as they were then sometimes called ; so that Gre-
gory Gadsman means Gregory the skewer-maker. The
publication, if it had come down to us, could not have
failed to afford curious matter. Here again the scarcity
of grain was the main topic.]
26 Oct. — Adam Islip, Willm Morynge. Entred
for his copies, &c. these xij severall bookes ensu-
ynge, to be printed in Englishe, viz. the 1, 2, 3, 4,
5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, of Amadis de Gaule \* vjd.
[We never saw any edition of the English Amadis of
an earlier date than 1G19, excepting the translation of
The Treasury, which Hacket had rendered into English,
aud Bynneman had printed about 1&7Q. Five and six-
pence would only pay for eleven books.]
J. PAYNE COLLIER.
GREEK CROSS.
Some time ago there was a short discussion upon
the proper mode of representing our Lord's cru-
cifixion : whether there should be three or four
nails. You may remember that I maintained
that at any rate the early artists invariably showed
four; and that the representation with three nails
only, and any fancied symbolical meaning attached
to that mode of representation, was an invention
of comparatively recent times. An opportunity
now offers which will probably not occur again
for a long time of testing this assertion.
At the South Kensington Museum, in the Loan
Collection, there are no less than twelve cases in
point among the early metal-work, ranging from
the ninth or tenth century to the thirteenth. Some
examples are crucifixes ; some are on the Limoges
enamelled chasses, &c. All, without one excep-
tion, bear out what I then said. Among them
we have — 1. The Hon. Mr. Curzon's fine chasse
(No. 1070), Limoges work of the twelfth cen-
tury.
2. Do. belonging to Mr. G. H. Morland (No.
1074.)
3. A crucifix of the thirteenth century belong-
ing to Mr. Curzon, also Limoges work (No. 1090) ;
with which compare Nos. 1091, 1092, and 1093, all
interesting examples, especially the last. I have
also two early crucifixes in my own possession, one
of the tenth, the other of the thirteenth century ;
each having four nails.
4. A book-cover belonging to H.R.H. the Due
d'Aumale, of the thirteenth century. If we refer
to the ivories, we shall also find them, without a
single exception, still showing the same thing. In
this branch of Eccesiastical Art, I would refer to
Nos. 41, 42, 43, 51, and 52 in Mr. Webb's beau-
tiful collection. These are all fine specimens ; the
first three being very good, ninth century work
(Carlovingian) ; the two others, eleventh and
tenth (?).
If we proceed to the National Collection in the
other rooms, at South Kensington, we shall still
find the same. Among the many very fine exam-
ples of Limoges, Byzantine, and Cologne work,
the subject of the crucifixion is also frequently
portrayed, and always in the same way. Thus
we have the very fine crucifix, with cloisonne
enamel, tenth century ; the magnificent reliquary
in the shape of a church, both from the Soltikoff
Collection, and many others, from the tenth to the
end of the thirteenth century. Having then here
as large a collection of these early works as are
ever likely to be brought together, and all the
examples telling the same story, I think that,
without fear of contradiction, I may assert for
certain that no artist before the fourteenth cen-
tury represented the crucified Saviour with only
three nails. I would go further, and recommend
to church artists that they return to the more
ancient mode of representation, as being less fan-
ciful, and probably nearer the truth. J. C. J.
METRIC PROSE.
It is now about a year since I made a promise
not to return to this subject. But such promises
are conditional, and may be broken when no one
is injured and something may be gained.
I now then return to this subject, because I
feel myself able to prove that for three centuries
and a half, from Chaucer and Wyckliffe to Dryden
and Tillotson, very nearly the whole of English
prose literature was composed in what I term
metric prose ; i. e. consisted of portions — lines I
may call them — arranged continuously, each con-
taining five, at times six, ictus or metric emphases,
each foot of two or three syllables : so that the
lines of five beats might contain fifteen syllables,
sometimes to the eye seventeen or eighteen;
which, however, were brought down by syncope
and synalcepha.
In this prose literature is contained all versions
of the Scriptures, from Wyckliffe's to the autho-
rised version inclusive, from which I shall pre-
sently give specimens : all polemical and didactic
pieces, from the Reformers to Barrow, South, and
Tillotson ; all translations, except perhaps Shel-
ton's Don Quixote ; all histories, from Sir T.
More's to Lord Clarendon's; all philosophical
treatises ; all the prose scenes of the drama, ex-
cept Killegrevv's Parsons Wedding, and the plays
of Wycherley — of Etheredge, and some others, I
cannot speak; all tales and romances, and such
books as Walton's Angler. In short, I can only
name Hollinshed, and the other chroniclers, Hac-
luyt, Purchas, Fuller, Burnet, and Bunyan, as
464
NOTES AND QUERIES.
"» S. II. DEC. 13, '62.
with any certainty not to be included. When we
pass from those to Addison, Swift, and their
contemporaries, we meet with quite a different
rhythm. I find it impossible, for instance, to
make the Vision of Mirza metric.
How this system, which is quite peculiar to
English literature, originated, I cannot tell. Per-
haps, as Chaucer introduced the five feet measure
in verse, he may have done the same in prose ;
and his Boecius have been an early work, the
style of which was adopted by Wyckliffe and
others. Be this as it may, I boldly assert that
the fact of such being the nature of English prose
during those centuries, is as certain as the Coper-
nican system.
I will now give a couple of examples taken
from the Bible, which thousands, even millions,
have been reading for so many centuries, without
ever having had a suspicion that it was in reality
blank verse : —
" In the beginning God created the heaven and the
earth. | And the earth was without form, and void ; and
darkness I was upon the face of the deep. And the
Spirit of God) moved upon the face of the waters. And
God said, | Let there be light: and there was lipht.
And God | saw the light that it was good: and God
divided | the light from the darkness. And God called
the light | day, and the darkness he called night. And
the evening | and the morning were the first day. And
God said | ," &c. — Gen. i.
" Blessed is the man that walketh not in the counsel |
of the ungodly, nor standeth in the way of sinners, I nor
sitteth in the seat of the scornful. But his | delight is
in the law of the Lord ; and in | his law doth he meditate
day and night And he | shall be like a tree planted
by the rivers of water, | that bringeth forth his fruit in
his season; his leaf also j shall not wither; and whatso-
ever he doeth shall prosper. | The ungodly are not so,
but are like the chaff | which the wind driveth away.
Therefore the ungodly | shall not stand in the judgement,
nor sinners in | the congregation of the righteous. For |
the Lord knoweth the way of the righteous: but the
way | of the ungodly shall perish. | " — Pt. i.
It will be observed, that the last line is short.
This is owing to the necessity of making the trans-
lation strictly literal.
In this way may be arranged and read every
chapter of the Bible, except those which contain
mere strings of proper names. In this way also
may be arranged and read the writings of Hooker,
Hall, Taylor, Barrow, South, Tillotson, and others.
My discovery may not be of importance, but it is
curious. It may be " pooh-poohed " and sneered
at ; but it is as certain as that of Copernicus, and
must eventually be generally recognised.
THOS. KEIGHTLEY.
TYRE AND BETYRE.
Under the word Tyre, in HalliwelPs Dictionary
of Archaic Terms, we have the following : —
" A tyre, or, as we spell it, tier, or teer of guns, is now
used to signify a number of guns placed in a row, as
along a ship's side. In the following passage it seems
mean the discharge of the whole row of battering or
nance. See the editor's note. [Quotation.] 'Thepiec
that lay upon St. Anthonie's steple were by them di
mounted, and within six or seven tyre after, the pieces on
St. Nicholas steple were cast downe.' — Hay ward's Qtt.
Eliz., p. 60."
The truth is, however, that there were, in the
Elizabethan days, several distinct words having
this same sound and spelling, and among these
was the older and more common tire, tyre, or tier,
signifying not so much a " row " as a " layer," and
the least common and more technical military
term tire, or tyre, derived from the French tirer,
or the Italian, tirare, subst. tiro, the act of dis-
charging, and signifying the discharge of a gun.
In proof of this last assertion I would adduce, in
addition to the quotation from Hayward, the two
following from Col. Antonie Winkfield's Portugal
Voyage, as printed in Hakluyt : —
"The fourth day were planted two demi-canons and
two colverings against the towne, defended or gabbioned
by a cross wall, thorow the which our battery lay : the
first and second tire [tyre, Hakl., vol. v.] whereof ah ooke
all the wall downe."
And in another part, —
" The commander [of the castle] granted that upon
five or six shot he would deliver the same. [But the
English waited two or three days, thinking he would give
in without this formality, and* finding he did not], the
general brought three or four pieces of battery against it,
upon the first tire [tyre, Hakl., vol. v.] whereof he sur-
rendered."
From these examples and from the Italian riti-
rare, to redischarge, whence was obtained the
" Itiili;uiat o word " retire, we are enabled to ex-
plain an hitherto unexplained pun in Lily's Mother
Bombie. In Act IV. Sc. 2, when Halfepenie has
jested on the horse having been set in the pillorie
for tiring (i. e. for contravening the sumptuary
laws), and when the stolid hackneyman replies, —
" He would never tire, it may be he would be
so weary hee would go no further, or so," Droraio
answers by a fresh jest on the same word — " Yes,,
hee was a notable horse for service (i. e. for mili-
tary service), he would tire and retire"
Fortified by these authorities, I think also that
we might advantageously retain the original read-
ing in Troilus and Cressida, when the old warrior,
Nestor, says (Act I. Sc. 3), —
" but when the splitting wind
Makes flexible the knees of knotted oaks,
And flies fled under shade, why then the thing of courage,
At roused with rage, with rage doth sympathise,
And with an accent tuned in self-tame key,
Retyres to chiding Fortune.
That is, that when in the storms of fortune the
roaring wind bends all before it, then, roused with
rage, the thing of courage, like a valiant foe, or
stoutly defended castle, resists, and with an accent
timed in the self-same hey, hurls back defiance to
his adversary. To my mind this word is much
3rd S. II. DEC. 13, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
465
more forcible and more consonant to the context
than any of the editorial "returns," "replies," "re-
torts," or "rechides" which have been successively
substituted for it, and which, to me, give the more
undignified idea of two wrangling fishwives rechid-
ing one another in shrill and choicest Billings-
gate. BENJ. EASY.
N.B. In Lily tire and retire are used like tirer
and tirare, i. e. for the discharge of any weapon ;
but in the three military quotations tire seems to
mean the simultaneous discharge, or salvoes, of
battering pieces. Further quotations are neces-
sary to decide whether in English the word, as a
strictly technical and military term, was so re-
stricted. Possibly this may have happened through
remembrance of the more common homonyme
tier.
THE COPERNICAN SYSTEM.
I think that the impression left on the minds of
most readers by the recent correspondence in your
columns, under the heading of " Galileo and his
Telescope," is that the theory of the solar system,
published by Copernicus on his death-bed in 1543,
was not adopted by men of science for a long time
after, and allowed to slumber until revived by Ga-
lileo's invention of the telescope in 1609; or at any
rate only taken up a few years earlier by some of
the more advanced astronomers of that day.
The object of my communication is to show
that such was not the case, and that long before
that period, to adopt the word of your correspon-
dent A. A., the Copernican system was " promul-
gated " here in England. In 1556, or thirteen
years after Copernicus made known his theory,
and eight years before Galileo was born, John
Field published his Ephemeris for this year, based
on the Copernican system. This was followed by
Ephemeridp.s for the three succeeding years, 1558,
1559, 1560, calculated like the first on the new
system.
These are all the known works of one whose
claims in the cause of science have been too
readily overlooked. They may be found in the
British Museum and Bodleian libraries. That
these publications, and Field's scientific acquire-
ments attracted considerable attention at the
time, is evident from the fact that on the 4th of
Sept. 1558, after confirming his family arms, the
following astronomical crest was granted to
him ; viz. " A dexter arm issuing out of clouds
proper, fesseways, habited gules, holding in the
hand, also proper, a sphere or."
The writer of a treatise in MS. in the Lambeth
library on the management of great ordnance,
probably of about the above date, makes this re-
mark : " Mr. Felde taught me astronomic after
Copernicus the great astronomer."
Field died in the latter part of 1586 or early in
1587, and was buried at Ardsley, a village between
Wakefield and Bradford in the West Riding of
Yorkshire, which was probably his birthplace also,
as it certainly was his father's residence.
Should any of your readers desire to know more
about him, I would refer them to the Gentleman's
Magazine of May, 1834, and of this present month.
OSGOOD FIELD.
Minat
YARD-LAND : " VIRGATA ATJT VIRGA TERR^:." —
This measure, like the perch, was different in
some parts of England to what it was in others.
At Wimbledon, in Surrey, it equalled fifteen
acres ; in some places it was twenty, others thirty,
and others as much as forty. In a MS. of the
abbacy of Malmesbury is the following : —
" Virgata Terras continet 24 acras, et 4 Virgatas con-
stituunt unam Hidam et quinque Hidse constituunt Foe-
dum Militate."
This uncertain quantity is called, in some old
statutes and MSS., a verge of land.
JOHN BOWEN ROWLANDS.
SLEEP AND DEATH. — I lately heard a little girl
between four and five years of age, whose mother
happened to be talking about death, exclaim, " Oh!
little girls never die, so I shall stop up till every-
body else is dead, till the world is over." Now it
is cleai', from the verb which she made use of, that
the child had some idea of the resemblance be-
tween sleep and death. F. CHANCE.
TRADITIONS THROUGH TFEW LINKS. — Lady
Hardwicke died 1861, aged about ninety-three.
Her grandfather was Lindsay. In his youth
he married a young lady of the court of Charles II.,
and the king gave away the bride; she died young.
In his old age he fell in love with a young lady
who refused him. He took to his bed, and said
he would die. She relented ; they married and
had a large family, of whom one child married
very late in life, and the issue of this marriage
was Lady Hardwicke. E. F. D. C.
BYRON'S PLAGIARISMS. — I am not aware if this
subject has been ever discussed in " N. & Q."
The wit of Don Juan is doubtless very abundant
and very excellent ; but is it all Byron's own ? I
was reading Rabelais some time since, and in the
description of a storm at sea and shipwreck, came
upon the following passages (I quote from me-
mory) : —
" Friar John, my dear friend, give me your blessing."
" Go to the Devil," quoth Friar John.
In the " Shipwreck " in Don Juan occurs the
following well-known couplet : —
" He begged Pedrillo for an absolution,
Who told him to be d d, in the confusion ! "
466
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. Di:c. 13, '62.
Again also, in Don Juan, a stanza ends wit!
these lines : —
"I tell him, if a clergyman, he lies!
If captains the remark, or critics, make,
Why they lie also — under a mistake."
I am under a strong impression that I have
met with this play upon words in the writings o
some earlier wit — perhaps Swift Some of your
correspondents \vill, I have no doubt, point out
the original, if there be any, and perhaps supply
other instances of conscious or unconscious pla-
giarism on the part of Byron. ALFBED AINQEB.
Alrewas.
HOPE WALKING. — It appears that in ancient
times animals were taught to walk on ropes. In
Le Clerk's Historical Dictionary, under the name
" Florales Ludi," or " Floralia," he notices that
in these recreations goats and hares, &c. were
publicly baited, and elephants taught to walk
backwards and forwards upon the ropes to gratify
the spectators ; and in Topsell's History of Four '
footed Beasts, it is said that, —
" When the prizes of Germanicus Cesar were played,
there were many elephants which acted strange feats or
parts ; four of them went upon ropes and over the tables of
meat, whereon they set their feet so warily, that they
never touched any of the Guests, the boards, or standing
cups, being fully furnished." And also, " They learned
to dance after pipes by measure, sometime dancing softly
and sometime apace, and then again leaping upright
according to the number sung or played upon the In-
strument ; and they are apt to learn, remember, meditate,
and conceive such'things as a man can hardly perform."
If would be amusing to see at the Crystal
Palace some day an Elephant walking on a rope
by the side of the wonderful Blondin. S. B.
THE LORDS OF GALLOWAY: DE CARRICKS
AND KENNEDIES.
1. Fergus, Prince of Galloway, deposed 1142
(Ridilel, Archeejl., ix. 49), died 1161, is said
(Earldom of Carrick, edit. 1857, p. 24,) to have
married a daughter of the King of England ; and
Hollingshead calls Uchtred the son of this Fergus,
cousin to Henry II.
Query, What was her name ? Was she legiti-
mate or bastard ?
2. A.D. 1215. Alan, Lord Galloway and Con-
stable of Scotland, was one of the Barons by
whose advice John granted Magna Charta.
Query, Is his seal affixed, and what arms does
it bear ? His father, Holland the Constable, sealed
with an equestrian figure : tha shield and capari-
sons of the horse charged with a chevron.
3. Ante 1196. Three of the De Morvilles were
successively Constables of Scotland.
Query, Their armorial bearings ?
4. Query, For what Lords of Galloway did the
Douglases quarter, Az. the lion rampant ar<j. ; and
when were the M'Dowals Lords of Galloway ?
The following pedigree will show that, if at all, it
must have been subsequent to Bruce's acces-
sion : —
Fergus, Prince of Galloway, Lord of the same up to
1142.
Gilbert and Uchtred succeeded their father. On I', h-
tred's murder, 1174, Gilbert became sole Lord: he died
1185.
Duncan, his son, succeeded as Lord of Galloway ; but was
at once expelled by his cousin Rolland, Lord of Galloway
and Constable of Scotland; died before 1215. He had
three sons : one unknown ; Thomas, Earl of Athol ; and
his eldest —
Allan, Lord of Galwav and Constable of Scotland ;
died 1234. He left an illegitimate son, Tliot. Macd-ial-
lan; who contested the Principality, and who appears
to have been father of Duncan M 'Dowal, who headed the
Gallwegians in 130G, against the Braces.
He had three daughters. By his first wife, daughter of
Hugh de Lacy, he had : —
1. Helen, who married Roger de Quincy, Earl of Win-
chester and Constable of Scotland, in right of his wife.
He died 12C4, leaving three daughters:
Ela, m. to Alan
de la Zuche.
Margaret, m. to
William de
Ferrars.
By his second wife Margaret, daughter of DaviJ, bro-
ther to the King of Scotland, he had two daughters:
2. Dervorguil, married John Baliol, who became in her
right Lord of Galloway, and is so named as candidate
for the Scottish crown. She received a summons, 1293,
as Dervorguilla de Galwayth, to attend Edw. I. in his
Welsh wars. She was mother of John Baliol, King of
Scotland.
3. Christian married De Fortibus, Earl of Albemarlc,
died s. p.
5. 1233. Gillekonel Manthac, brother to the
Earl of Carrick (Duncan ?), appears as a witness
in a controversy of the monks of Paisley.
Query, What is the signification of the name ?
Can it be further Anglicised ?
6. 1285. Nisbet says Sir Gilbert de Carrick's
seal of this date has the arms of the Earls of Cas-
silis, including the double tressure : a doubt has
seen thrown on this, but no contradiction. The
charter is at Panmure. It is printed among those
of North Berwick.
Query, Has the seal a tressure ?
7. 1308. In my extract from Mag. Sig. Scot.
'p. 119), of remission to Sir Gilbert de Carrick
or betrayal of Sir C. Seton, and delivery of
'Loch done" Cast le — which latter, it says, was
jiven up "p Arthuru genu suu" — Tytler over-
ooks this in his defence of Sir Gilbert. The
charter does not appear to me to convey any ri^ht
o the custody of the castle, or over the surround-
ng lands ; but rather to reverse a confiscation or
xttainder.
3** S. II. DEC. 13, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
467
Query, Am I correct in this interpretation, and
who was the "Arthur" alluded to?
8. In confirmation to John Kennedy, of the
above remission and of the two charters of Ken-
kynolship (Mag. Sig. Scot., pp. 114, 115), the
words of conveyance to him are, "confirmaco
Jotiis Keuedij ;" which is possibly an abbrevia-
tion of a fuller formula in the document in the
State Paper Office, or of that on the grants pos-
sessed by John Kennedy. That these documents
were in the chest of the Cassilis family (where
they are not now), would appear from Nisbet,
who quotes them (Appendix ii. 36) ; and says,
"they were put in the hands of Mr. Hay of
Drumboot, which the is printing in a pamphlet."
Of course, this at once puts out of the question
any idea that Nisbet quoted from public records.
Query, Is there a fuller form of confirmation,
and does it contain limitations as to heirs male ?
And how is John Kennedy designated ? Did
Hay of Drumboot ever publish the pamphlet, and
what became of the documents intrusted to him ?
9. In these charters occur the words " heredi-
bus suis."
Query, Did that, at the time (i. e. 1256, 1275,
1308,) imply male heirs only?
The grants of Kenkynol, or chiefship, was ap-
parently made in contemplation of the Earldom
of Carrick passing to a female, and to provide a
military leader fur the men of Carrick. In the
after and only confirmations of them which I
have met with, viz. —
" 1405. To James Kennedy, on his father Gibert's
resignation.
" 1450. To Gilbert, son of sd James (seemingly with
no object birt to make certainty more sure),"
the words used are, " heredes sui masculi."
10. 1386. Gilbert Kennedy, Knt,, sealed with a
chevron between 3 cross crosslets, a label of 3
points on chief. The seal is broken. It is attached
to a charter to Nuns of North Berwick.
Query, Might an injured tressure have been
taken for a label ?
11. Playfair says a dispensation was granted
for the marriage of William Dalrymple with
Agnes Kennedy, granddaughter of Malcolm de
Carrick de Stair, who had as her jointure the
lands of Stair.
Can a copy of the dispensation be seen ? Is
there any authority for its existence? Is any-
thing known of a Malcolm de Carrick de Stair ?
12. Malcolm was sheriff of Dumbarton, and
baillie^ of Carrick, circ. 1 329 ; and his name ap-
pears in Patterson's Ayr (ii. 267), connected with
accounts for repairs at Turnberry Castle.
Query, What was his surname ? What are the
accounts alluded to? And is anything further
known of Malcolm ? CHEVRON.
ANONYMOUS. — Who is author of — 1. The Pawn-
brokers Shop, a Drama, acted at the Primitive
Methodist School, Darwen, Lancashire, by the
Scholars. See Bolton Chronicle, March 3, I860 ?
2. The Fir Tree's Story, a little Masque for
Merry Christmas, 1852? 3. The Chess-board of
Life, a vol. of Miscellanies by " Quis." J. Biack-
wood, 1858? 11. IK^LIS.
ABERGAVENNY, BERGAVENNY. — When did the
latter mode of spelling this title give place to the
former ? Was Edward Nevill, who had the title
of Lord Abergavenny, or Bergavenny, confirmed
to him in the firi-t year of King James, 1603, the
first who was called Abergavenny equally with
Bergavenny ? JOHN BOWEN ROWLANDS.
JOHN HUSSEIN BABTLETT AND THE WELSH IN-
DIANS.— Sir James E. Alexander, in his L? Accidie
(vol. i. p. 89), states that in the winter of 1841,
he met at New York, Mr. Bartlett, the Secretary
of the American Ethnological Society, who had
been investigating the subject of the existence of
the Welsh Indians on the Continent of America,
and that;he had got possession of affidavits and
other documents to attest the truth of the fact.
Mr. J. Toulmin Smith, also, in his book on the
Discovery of America by the Northmen, published
in 1842, in reference to the same subject, says-
(p. 235) : —
" Mr. Bartlett has carefully investigated this matter
and it is to be hoped that he will favour the world with
the result of his investigations."
As several works, I believe, on American sub-
jects have been published by Mr. Bartlett since
the above statements were written, may I request
some of your readers who may have perused them
to inform me whether he has, in any of them,
satisfactorily decided the question as to the exist-
ence of the Welsh Indians ?
About four months ago I addressed to him, at
New York, a letter of inquiry relative to the re-
sult of his investigation of this matter, , to -which I
have received no reply. LLALLWG.
JAMES BENSLEY. — The Public Advertiser of
April 9, 1765, records the death of "James
Bensley, E«q., of Lincoln's Inn, Counsellor-at-
La\v," by a fall from his horse, which news was
" from Lincolnshire." The date of the occurrence
is not mentioned, but from another source (Gent.
Mag. 1765, p. 199), we learn that it was on the
5lh April, 1765. I much wish to know, further,
what part of Lincolnshire it happened in, and
whether he was buried there. It may be that
some monumental inscription falls under the eye
of some reader of "N. & Q." every time be
enters his parish church. If so, I should be
thankful to him for a copy. The said Mr. James
Bensley was married. I know not, but wish to
know, to whom. Of the wife, all I know is, that
468
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. DEC. 13, '(.2.
"her Christian name was Ann, and that in the
letters of administration to the effects of James
Bensley (described as of Allhallows, Staining),
granted to certain creditors on the 23rd May,
1766, she is stated to have died without having
taken out administration. Could it have been
that Bensley was on a visit to his wife's friends,
or even enjoying the honeymoon, when so sud-
denly called away ? Cowper alludes to his death
in his correspondence. (Grimshawe's Cowper, i.
35, 50.) THOS. BENSLEY.
Trevandrura, South India.
"Bfi WISE AND BE WARNED." — Can any ore
give the title of a 16mo tract in blackletter, tLe
running title of which is Be wise and be warned?
It seems to be a sermon, and ends on the reverse
of c. iv. ; the last page and a half being occupied
with the "The Petition of the Penetent" in verse.
My copy contains sixteen leaves, but only com-
mences with B. i. J. M. S.
ENGLISH ENSIGN. — A writer of 1600 speaks of
standards as " now in this age altered, forsaken,
and turned all to colours in the field ; and the
use thereof almost expired, except what we ob-
serve at funerals." When were the numerous
banners of the nobility laid aside, and the red
ensign with the St. George's cross adopted ? G.
New York.
" FAREWELL, MANCHESTER." — Where will be
found the words of the old ballad, " Farewell,
Manchester," which, I believe, was written about
the time of the Pretender being in Manchester ? *
WILLIAM HASLUM.
GAROTTE, OR GARROTTE. — I should be glad to
know on what authority the word "garotte" is
spelt with a single r f That, form seems to have
been almost universally adopted by the press,
though the Spanish garrotc (which I suppose sug-
gested the term), and the French verb garrotter,
would seem to indicate the greater propriety of
spelling the word with the double r. Now that
we have unfortunately (and are likely to continue
to have) so much use for the word, in its various
forms, would it not be advisable to have the
question of its orthography definitively settled ?
J. B. S.
THE HENNINGS AND WILLIAM OF WTKEHAM. —
There is an old tradition in the family of Ken-
ning of Henning's Crookston, co. Dorset, that
they are of the kin of William of Wykeham.
Until within the last few days, I have never been
able to ascertain the line through which they are
descended from the sister of the founder of New
College,, or to gain any clue through which to
unravel the intricacies attending the proving the
[* Mr. Chappell states that the song of "Farewell,
Manchester," is, in all probability, irrecoverably lost. —
Populir Mutic of the Olden Time,\i. 683.— ED.]
descent. I find, however, that the Hennii
Henning's Crookston are descended from the
Barkers of Great Harwood, co. Buckingham.
Vide Hutchins's Dorset, first edition, 1774, vol. i.
pp. 444, 445, 519, and 520. Collins states (vol. ix.
pp. 223, 224,) that —
" Edwin (Sandys) was chosen Fellow of New College,
in Oxford ; being by his mother (' Mary, only daughter
of Dr. Hugh Barker, Dean of the Arches, a younger son
of the Barkers of Great Harwood, in Buckinghamshire,')
related to the founder, William of Wickham, Bishop of
Winchester, and Lord High Chancellor of England. He
died at New College on January 8th, 1684; and was
buried in the cloisters there, and has' a mural monument
erected to his memory."
Will any of your correspondents do me the
favour to give me the particulars of the descent
of the Barkers of Great Harwood from the sister
of William of Wykeham ?
THOMAS PARR HENNING.
Leigh House, Wimborne.
" THE HIGHLANDER." — Has the following sati-
rical poem ever been printed, and where ? The
Highlander, a Satire : —
" From barr.-n Highlands in the freezing North,
The bonny lad with naked feet steps forth."
B.
HOLDSWOHTH AND AxDRIDGE's SHORTHAND. —
Can any correspondent of " N. & Q." supply me
with biographical particulars respecting William
Holdsworth and William Aldridge, of the Bank
of England, joint authors of a work entitled
Natural Shorthand, published in or about 1766 ?
N.R.
JEWISH SONGS AND Music. — It w said, Fs.
Ixix. 12, " And the drunkards make songs upon
me." Now, as we must consider that by drunk-
ards was meant, not the literally drunken, but
those who rejoiced over-much in the juice of the
grape : those that made their eyes red with wine,
I would ask if there be, in Jewish records or
traditions, any remains of Anacreontic odes or
songs. Solomon's Song is clearly a hymeneal
rhapsody ; why, then, should there not be love
and drinking songs (could we find them) of He-
brew making f or did the Israelitish harp only
thrill to sacred measures? Certainly it would
almost seem, from the little we know of other
poesy than the Scriptures record, that when the
Jewish exiles hung their lyres on the willows of
stranger rivers, none had ever thought of _ re-
moving them ; for although eminently musical,
as far as my small knowledge reaches, the list of
Israelitish poets of all countries together would
not fill a column of a page in a vocabulary.
Has the extent, or rather the voice, of the
Jewish muse, ever occupied the attention of any
of your ingenious and learned readers ?
J. A. G.
S. II. DEC. 13, '62.]
NOTES AND QUEEIES.
469
LINES ON NAPOLEON I. — Who is the author of
the following lines on Napoleon I. ? They are
the only portion I can recollect of a long poem,
which was published nearly twenty years ago in
one of the magazines : —
" Or turning from the battle sod,
Assumes the Consul's palm,
Or Caesar's giant empire's rod
In solemn Notre Dame.
" Again he grasps the victor's crown,
Marengo's carnage yields ;
Or bursts o'er Lodi, beating down
Bavaria's thousand shields."
Perhaps your correspondent MARIA F. ROSETTI
might be able to enlighten me. OXONIENSIS.
MID-NOVEMBER. — It may have been remarked
that about the middle of November, or soon after,
there generally occurs a week or ten days of cold
weather, after which the atmosphere becomes
mild again. It is known, also, that about this
period we pass through the region of falling stars.
Have these two circumstances ever attracted at-
tention ? And has any theory ever been pro-
pounded, which could in any way bear on the
principles of cause and effect ? P. HCTCHINSON.
PRIVATE PRINTING-PRESS. — Can any reader of
" N. & Q." inform me which is the best printing-
press for private use ? Of course, I do not mean
a mere plaything; but a press with which an
amateur might throw oif, say a duodecimo half-
sheet at a time. Any references as to cost, in-
structions, and the like, will much oblige r.
SEALS. — I possess an imperfect impression of
the seal of the Court of Queen's Bench of Queen
Elizabeth. I can only find one copy in the Bri-
tish Museum (Cat. of Det. Seals, xxxii. 50 c).
In some respects mine is better than this. Will
some correspondent tell me the value of this, or
if it is rare ? G. W. M.
SIR LEONARD DE SANDERSTED. — I have seen it
stated, in some topographical work, that the manor
of Sanderstead, in Surrey, was bestowed by Wil-
liam the Conqueror, on one of his followers, whose
name was Sir Leonard de Sandersted. Can any
of your readers, versed in genealogies, point out
to me where I may find some account of him,
together with a list of his descendants ?
LLALLAWG.
" STIPENDARL33 LACHRYM.ZE," ETC., 1654.— The
assignment of anonymous and unappropriated
productions to more or less well known writers,
is one of the most useful services which " N. & Q."
can render to literature and to literary men, and it
is my object in the present communication to con-
tribute, however slightly, towards this object.
In 1654 appeared a volume, entitled Stipendarice
Lachrymal, or a Tribute of Teares Paid upon the
Sacred Herse of the most Graciouse and Heroick
Prince, Charles I. Hague, 1654, 4to ; and at the
end of the book, with a new title and pagination,
occurs : An Anniversary Ode upon the King's (i. e.
Charles II.'s) Birthday, May 29, 1654. This pro-
duction is entirely anonymous, and no clue to the
authorship is any where discoverable. But it is
my impression that these Lachrymce were written
by Robert Pricket, the author of Newes from the
King's Bath, 1645, and several other works.
Pricket began life as a soldier, but afterwards
took orders. In 1603, he published The Souldier's
Resolution ; and in the following year Honor's
Fame in Triumph Riding, or the Life and Death
of the late Honorable Earl of Essex. In 1606 ap-
peared a poem by him, called Time's Anatomic.
Between 1606 and 1645 nothing seems to have
proceeded from his pen ; but in the latter year, he
gave to the world his News from the King's Bath;
he was then living at Bath in very narrow cir-
cumstances, as he informs the reader. Yet, never-
theless, he contrived to defray the cost of the
publication, which, as the imprints states, was
" printed at the author's charge." In the Newes
there is a strong similarity of style to the Stipenda-
rite Lachrymce, printed nine years later ostensibly
at the Hague; and I am tolerably confident that the
latter as well as the former was Pricket's. Al-
lowing this writer to have been twenty when he
produced his Souldier's Resolution, he was of course
sixty-two when he produced his Newes from the
King's Bath, and seventy-one when the Lachrymcs
came out. The exact period of his death is not
known ; but in a pamphlet printed after the
king's execution in 1649, I find some verses by
R. P., to which I am not aware of any other
claimant ; and if the Lachrymce may also be as-
cribed to him, there is at once proof that he sur-
vived till 1654, since a portion of that volume at
least seems to have been written only in the year
of publication. The question I wish to ask is, if
any of your correspondents can tell me whether
I am right in my opinion, that Stipendarice La-
chrymce ought to be added to the list of Pricket's
writings ?
I have a second Query. In 1694, a pamphlet ap-
peared, under the title of Country Conversations :
Being an Account of Some Discourses that happen d
in a Visit to the Country last Summer on Divers
Subjects, Sj-c. This piece is attributed to James
Wright. Who was he ?
W. CAREW HAZLITT.
[According to Thomas Warton (Milton's Poems, edit.
1785, p. 601,) the author of Country Conversations was
James Wright, one of the earliest historians of the Eng-
lish stage, and the compiler of that scarce and valuable
work, Historia Histrionica, reprinted, with a biographical
note, in the first volume of Dodsley's Old Plays, edit.
1825. Warton has given a long account of James Wright
and his literary productions in the first edition of Mil-
ton's Poems, 1785; but for some reason or other not ap-
parent, has omitted the article in the -second edition
published in 1791.— ED.]
470
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. DEC 13, '02.
STASTON-HAHCOURT, ETC. — In restoring the
church of Stanton-Harcourt, co. Oxford, a coffin
wns discovered, temp. Edward IV., in which a
lady wns interred, her grave-clothes in preserva-
tion. An account was given in The Illustrated
News. Can any of your readers say in what
year ? Also, where to find an account of the
opening of the coffin of Madame de Sevignd?
ANON.
" TREATISE ON TUB PUBLIC SERVICES." — Who
is "T. S." — " a well-meaning (though unlearned)
Layitk of the Church of England"? I have
before me a little work by him, which seems to
have been written about the time of the Restora-
tion. Mine is the " 2nd Edition, much enlarged.
Printed at London for Edward Vize, next shop
but one to Papers-head Alley, over against The
Royal Exchange in Conthill. 1683." Though
somewhat slip-shod in style, the book abounds in
excellent remarks, and has much of quaint argu-
mentation. For instance, a plea is put in for
the people's verses of the psalms to be repeated
as loud as the minister doth ; the writer recom-
mends the strong to stand at the reading of the
N. T. ; and advocates congregational responding
and singing as an exercise healthful to the lungs.
Our high church friends and ritualist restorers
would appear to have overlooked this small aux-
iliary : parts of it, indeed, are rather corrective
of their " use " : as where the writer challenges
" The devout Tone which puts an emphasis on
words where none is required," and consequently
becomes " an affectation of Devotion " ; and says
of " him that reads the prayers with a rambling
hast," that he " spoils the design of it." " The
poor reader" of that day seems to have been
libacious, as well as loquacious, a man too often
of the Macaulayan stamp, who did not aspire to
the gentlemanly graces desirable in the pulpit.
Appended to the book there is a list of " Daily
Prayers in and about the City," supplying not
quite so ample a testimony of London piety as
does a later one, which appeared in the time of
" good Queen Anne." R. LXM.
TRINITY COLLEGE, DUBLIN. — I wish to know
the exact date when a student in divinity," about
eighty years ago, took a degree. To whom, and
how, should I address myself? What fee will be
required, and will a Post Office order be ac-
cepted ? Or must I apply through an agent ?
BETA.
A TWO-HEADED MAN. — Is anything more
known of the following P —
"1714. I walked into Southwark to see the Italian
gentleman with two heads ; that growing out of his side
has long black hair I bought his picture." —
Diary of R. Thoresby,ii. 259.
W. P.
Ourricrf ro(tl)
DR. RICHARD KINGSTON. — Richard Kingston,
M. A. (eventually called Doctor Kingston), preacher
of S. James, Clerkenwell, was author of the fol-
lowing works : —
1. "Pillulw Pestilenthles, or a Spiritual Receipt for
the Cure of the Plague, delivered in a Sermon at S. Paul's
(on 2 Chron. viii. 13, 14.) Lond. 8vo, 16G5."
2. " The Gauss and Cure of Offences, in a Sermon (on
i Matth. xviii. 7). Lond. 4to, 1682."
3. " Vivat Rex, a Sermon (on 1 Sam. x. 2-1) before the
Mayor, &c., of Bristol upon the discovery of the late
Treasonable Phanatical Plot at S. James's Church, July
25, 1G83, bsing Sunday in the fair week. Lond. 4t6,
1683."
4. "A true History of the several Designs and Con-
spiracies against His Majesty's Person and Government
from 1688 to 1697, &c. &c. Lond. 8vo, 1698."
5. "Tyranny detected, and the late Revolution justified
by the Law of God, the Law of Nature, and the Practice
of all Nations, &c. &c. Lond. 8vo, 1699."
6. " A Modest Answer to Capt Smith's Immodest Me-
morial of Secret Service. Lond. 8vo, 1700."
7. "Impudence, Lying, and Forgery detected, in a re-
joinder to Smith's Reply. Lond. 8vo, 1700."
8. "Impartial Remarks upon Dr. Freind's Account of
the Earl of Peterborow's conduct in Spain, chiefly since
the raising the Siege of Barcelona, 1706. Lond. 8vo,
1707." (Anon.)
9. "Enthusiastick Impostors no divinely inspired Pro-
phets; wherein the pretended French and English Pro-
phets are shown in their true colours, &c. &c. Part I.
Part II. Lond. 8vo, 1709. Dedicated to
Henry Compton, Bishop of London."
10. " Apophthegmata Curiosa, or Reflections, Sentences,
and Maxims; a Collection of Cautions. Lond. 8vo,
1709."
For his remarks upon Dr. Freind's account of
the Earl of Peterborough's conduct in Spain, he
was taken into custody by order of the House of
Lords, who, on Jan. 19, 1707-8, ordered his dis-
charge, and directed him to be prosecuted by the
Attorney General.
We desire to I e informed — (a) When and where
he obtained his degrees, especially that of doctor ?
(b) When he became preacher of S. James's,
Clerkenwell, and how long he held that office ?
(e) What was the result of his prosecution by the
Attorney- General ? (c/) When and where was
published the first part of his Enthusiastich Impbs~
tors, no divinely inspired Prophets ? We have seen
two copies of the second part, but cannot meet
with the first, (e) When he died ? Any other
information respecting him will also be acceptable.
C. H. & THOMPSON COOPER.
[It is surprising so very little is known of this busy, med-
dling disputant. Posterity, indeed, would have heard of
him only from his literary productions, had he not, in an
unlucky moment, picked" a quarrel with that notorious
scoundrel and spy, Matthew Smith, the reputed author of
Memoirs of Secret Service, 8vo, 1699. Arcades ambo!
Kingston is taxed by Smith with not only forging his
letters of order?, but guilty of such licentious conduct
as compelled the Bishop of Bristol to expel him from hia
diocese. (See Smith's Reply to Kingston's Modest Antwer,
3rd S. II. DEC. 13, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
471
1700, pp. 36-38.) Kingston was accordingly constrained
fto give some account of his antecedents, which he has
i done in his Rejoinder to Matthew Smith, a Squire of Alsatia,
\now resident in the Gate-House, Westminster, 8vo, 1700.
Here is his own account of himself. He states, that he
was ordained Deacon and Priest at Westminster on the
17th July, 1662, by the Bishop of Gallowaj', who sub-
scribed himself "Thomas Candidae Casse Episcopus."
'That on the 6th of February, 1681-2, he was made Chap-
lain in Ordinary to Charles II. "After this," he adds,
("I had other considerable preferments, a prebend [un-
i noticed by Le Neve], and a rectory added to my living
| of Henbury. In the parish of Henbury I continued from
11678 till a little after the happy Revolution. Then I
sold an estate in Henbury, paid my just debts, and
brought above 200/. with me to London, where I have
; lived ever since." He further reminds his assailants,
jthat "their insinuating my not being in orders, after I
i am above sixty-three years of age. and have exercised
the ministerial function in the Church of England above
'seven-and-thirty years, and have been four times insti-
tuted and inducted into verjr considerable ecclesiastical
preferments, shows their ignorance is as great as their
malice." This was written in the year 1700, and it does
not appear that after his return to the metropolis " a
little after the happy Revolution," he was inducted into
any other church living.
In proof of the validity of his orders he printed the
following certificate :
" These are to certify whom it may concern, that Mr.
Richard Kingston, late Minister of Henbury, in the dio-
cese of Bristol, was ordained Deacon and Priest, accord-
ing to the rites and ceremonies of the Church of England,
in Westminster, by the Bishop of Galloway, who then
ordained there, and subscribed himself Thomas Candidas
Casas Episcopus, myself being ordained at the same time
and place with him, upon the 17th day of July, 1662.
In witness thereof I have hereunto set my hand.
" THOMAS BEESLY, Vicar of Little Marlow,
in the county of Bucks."
This certificate, it must be admitted, is not by any
means satisfactory. It is undated, and when first printed
Mr. Beesly had been dead three years. (Lipscomb's
Bucks, iii. 609.) Moreover, James Hamilton was Bishop
of Galloway in 1662, having been appointed to that See
in the preceding year. It is just possible, but not pro-
bable, that Thomas Sydeserf, his predecessor, who was
translated to the See of Orkney in 1662, may have exer-
cised his episcopal functions at Westminster.
Kingston's incumbency of St. James's, Clerkenwell,
has escaped the researches of Newcourt, Malcolm, and
Cromwell, the historian of that parish. His Sermon on
the Plague is dated "from my Study at St. James's,
Clerkenwell, Oct. 18, 1665 ;" and, according to Newcourt,
his successor, Mr. Sclatter, was appointed to the living
on Sept. 17. 1666. Granger (Biog. Hist., iv. 369) states,
that his Pillulce Pestilentiales has an engraved portrait of
him, which is absent without leave in the British Mu-
seum copy.
Kingston's work, Enthusiastich Impostors no Divinely
Inspird Prophets, was first published anonymously in
1707, by J. Morphew, near Stationers' Hall. It is dedi-
cated to Henry, Lord Bishop of London.}
PINE AND HIS DESCENDANTS. — In the review
of Bishop Colenso's recent work, in The Guardian
of the 3rd instant, occurs the following fromKalisch
(on Ex. xii. 57) : —
" We refer the reader further to the authentic and in-
teresting account concerning the Englishman Pine, who
was, in the year 1589, by a shipwreck, thrown with four
females upon a deserted island, south-east of the Cape
of Good Hope, and whose descendants had, after seventy-
eight years (in 1667) increased to more than 11,000
souls."
Where is this account to be found ? S. R.
[This marvellous story is taken from a fictitious work
published anonymously in 1608, entitled The Isle of
PINES , or a late discovery of a Fourth Island in Terra
Australis Incognita. It is the production of Henry Ne-
ville, the second son of Sir Henry Neville of Billingbeare,
co. Berks. Anthony Wood (Athence, iv. 410), says that
"when The Isle of Pines was first published, it was
looked upon as a meer sham or piece of drollery." In
The Famous Battel of the Catts in the Province of Ulster,
June 25, 1668, 4to, George Pine is alluded to in the fol-
lowing lines : —
" George Pine, to us thou art an ass,
One year thy hundred did surpass,
Amongst thy four, show one such lass.
"Thy Island in a hundred years,
( As on thy own account appears)
Bat only twice six thousand bears."]
FRENCH TESTAMENT, 1667. — Is the following-
work of any particular rarity or value ? —
"Le Nouvcau Testament de Nostre Seigneur Jesus
Christ, traduit en Fransois selon 1'edition Vulgate, avec
les differences du Grec ; a Mons. chez Gaspard Migeot,
en la rue de la Chauss^e, a 1'enseigne des trois vertus,.
M.DC.LXVII, avec privilege et approbation, 2 tomes en
8-petit. Permission et Approbation de M. 1'Archeveque
de Cambray, et de M. Eveque de Namur, et de M.
Pontanus Doyen de 1'Eglise collegialle de S. Pierre," &c-
The translation is by an anonymous Doctor of
the Sorbonne. On a fly-leaf, in an ancient hand-
writing, is written : • —
"Cette traduction a etc" condamne'e par Clement IX.,
Innocent XL, Clement XL, et par plusieurs eveques, et
par un arret du conseil d'etat, comme e'tant t&ne'raire,
pernicieuse, difierer.te de la vulgate, et contenante des
choses propres & scandaliser les simples."
H. C. M.
Hawstead, Suffolk.
[This Testament is generally known as the Mons, or
Montese version, but supposed to have been printed by
the Elzevirs at Amsterdam. The Duke of Sussex's
copv (lot 1335) in old red morocco, gilt leaves, fetched
19*." The prices in Brunet are 12 and 21 francs. The
anonymous doctor of the Sorbonne .was Anthony Ar-
nauld, who continued De Sacy's translation.]
ROOGE-CROIX. — When was the office of
Rowdgecrosse or Rouge-Croix pursuivant created,
and who held the same from the period of its in-
stitution until 1550 (3 Edw. VI.), when Nicholas
Tubman was appointed ? Gr.
New York.
[According to Noble, the office of Rouge-Croix was
first created by Henry V. The earliest noticed is John
Waters, usually given as created by Richard III.;
but more likely (says Noble) by Edward IV. George
Berry. Thomas Benolte. Thomas Hawley. Laurence
de la Gatta. Thomas Ponde. Thomas Wall. Charles
Wriothesley. Bartholomew Butler. Justinian Barker.
Gilbert De'thick. William Flower. Laurence Dalton.
Simon Nymbolthe. Nicholas Tubman.]
472
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[8'<> S. II. DEC. 13, '62.
COBPOHAS CASK. — What ? Frequently met
with in churchwardens' accounts and inventories
of church goods at the time of the Reformation.
M. C.
[Corporas is equivalent to corporate, a square piece of
linen cloth spread on the altar by the deacon at the
offertory, preparatory to the consecration. The cote for
holding the corporas had various forms, and was called
in old English burse, in mediicvul Latin bursa, in French
bourse. " Bnrsa, corporalis theca, nostris bourse . . .
' Bursa una dicti drappi pro corporalibut.'" — "Bourse,
T. d'e*glise. Double carton, couvert d'eioffe, sons lequel
on met Jes corporate qui servent a la messe." — Bes-
cherelle. ]
SIR PHILIP SIDNEY. — Can any of your readers
inform me where the portrait of Sir Philip Sidney,
painted by Paul Veronese in 1574 now is ?
T. B.
[The Rev. S. A. Pears, the editor of the Correspondence
of Sir Philip Sidney with H. Languet, 8vo, 1845, observes
in a note, " I cannot find that this portrait of Sidney by
Paul Veronese is known to be in existence." Vide
"N. & Q." V* S. ii 296; 2nd S. vii. 213 j x. 308.]
CATS AND DERELICT VESSELS.
(3rd S. ii. 346.)
Your correspondent states that if a live canary-
bird, or fowl, or cat, be found on a vessel, other-
wise abandoned, it will save that vessel from being
condemned as a derelict, and that, consequently,
shipowners are careful not to send a ship to sea
without having a cat on board. I know not if
this statement would hold good in maritime law,
but a curious instance has very lately occurred,
wherein that point of law — if law it be — was
disregarded. The barque " Genova," of 700 tons,
sailed from Quebec to Antwerp, and was aban-
doned, Sept. 24, 1862, in lat. 46° N., long. 34° W.
Her crew were eventually picked up by the Prus-
sian brig, " Louisa," from New York, and were
landed at Queenstown, Oct. 4. On Sept. 25, the
abandoned vessel was discovered by the " St. Mi-
chael," of Glasgow, Capt. Boyd, which was sailing
from London*(to Montreal. Nine feet of water
were then in the hold of the " Genova," and the
only living thing on its deck was a cat. William
Fordyce, the mate of the " St. Michael," volun-
teered to sail the " Genova " across the Atlantic,
and pilot her into the Clyde with her prize cargo
of timber. He did so ; but the weather proved
adverse, and the leakage of the water-logged ves-
sel was so great, that the pumps were worked
twenty-two out of the twenty-four hours. This
severe labour was sustained for eighteen days,
when they sighted Cape Clear. The mate would
have run in here, but the wind shifted, and the
vessel became unmanageable. She was now caught
by the memorable, gale of Oct. 1 1 and 12 ; her
canvas was torn to shreds ; and, at the mercy of
the elements, she drove on towards the <hir.»i-r<>us
Mull of Cantire, and drifted round close to the
Isle of Sanda, and into Carskey Bay, where, at six
in the evening of Oct. 13, she struck upon the
rocks, and by two o'clock on the following morn-
ing had wholly broken up. From the dangerooa
nature of the coast, no help could be afforded by
the many spectators on the shore; anil the new
life-boat, stationed at Campbelton, did not reach
the spot until its services were of no avail. The
four sailors were swept into the sea, and drowned;
but Fordyce. the mate, sprang to a portion of the
poop, and held on to it as it parted from the rest
of the vessel. As he did so, the abandoned cat of
the "Genova," who had shared the fortunes of.
the twice-shipwrecked vessel, sprang upon his
shoulders, and there firmly maintained her posi-
tion during the four hours and a half in which
Fordyce was battling with the waves, imperil
by the floating timber, and by the rocks 01
which he was twice driven, and as often wa
away again. At length, for the third time, he
dashed on to the rocks, when the cat leapt
his shoulders, and was safe ashore. Not so
mate, who was being drawn back by the refluj
the waves, when a brave old man, seventy yea
of age — James M'Millan by name, and a black- 1
smith by trade — rushed up to his shoulders in
the water, and, with great difficulty, succeeded in
dragging Fordyce to a place of safety. In the
mean time the cat had scampered away, but re- ]
appeared in the afternoon, and was given up to
her preserver, who arrived with her in Campbel- ,
ton on the 17th, from whence they went the next '
morning to Glasgow. The greater part of the
timber was washed ashore on the Mull of Cantire.
Could the owners of the " Genova " claim it in
consequence of that interesting episode of the
cat?
As a P.S. to this note, I may add, that the
gyllshire Herald for Nov. 21, 1862, contains
interesting account of a public meeting held
Southend, Mull of Cantire, Nov. 18, for the pur-
pose of presenting the silver medal of the Royal
National Life-Boat Institution, together with the
committee's vote on parchment, and two pounds
in money, to James M'Millan, for his gallant deed
above mentioned. CUTHBEBT BEDS.
FAMILY OF GOOLKYN, OR COLKIN.
(3rd S. ii. 324, 397.)
My correspondent at Boston, U.S., has written
me a letter dated November 18, from which the
following is an extract : —
" Your very courteous and interesting response to my
inquiries has been read with lively interest. The Bekes-
bourne records not only verify the pedigree in Berry's
S. 11. DEC. 13, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
473
Kent Genealogies, but singularly illustrate the curious
I and abrupt changes in the vain attempt to improve or
euphonise an ungainly name. In the lapse of six cen-
turies, 1 find the name Colkin, or Cukin, primarily borne
I bv one and the same family, and (as nearly as may be)
idem sonans, thus spelled : Cokin, Cockin, Cokayn, Cukain,
Colkin ; or Cokin, Gockin, Godekin, Goolkvn, Goolken,
Golkeyn, Gookin. Ireland's History of Kent (i. 659)
1 names John Gookin as owner of Little Betshanjier, temp.
Jac. I. ; and in p. 694, of the same volume, it is said that
I monuments of the Edolphs and Gookins are in St. Nicho-
! las's Church, parish of Kingswold, near Dover. I con-
I jecture that all these are descendants of Thomas Gookin
; and Amy Durant of Bekesbourne, which must be con-
i sidered the cunabula. The name Vincent occurs only as
a baptismal name in the Denne pedigree in Berry, thus :
William Denne= Alice Essehuut.
[of Kingston,
died at Bekes-
bourne 155*.]
Jane Kittall= Vincent Denne.
LL.D.
Ca'herine Denne=John Goolkyn.
[married at
iiekesbourr e.
Oct, 28, 1566.]
I ' I
Judith Wood=8ir Vincent Daniel Gookiu. dau.=Richar<1 Bird,
Gookin. 8.T.P.
" This pedigree will, I think, gratify your curiosity in
virtue of the alliance between Denne and Beke. Berry's
Pedigrees were severely criticised in the Gentleman's
Magazine; but I think more for deficiencies than errors.
"The name Durant, also allied wiih Beke, is honour-
ably distinguished in Hasted's History of Kent, iv. 715;
where it is said that John Dorante, temp. Eliz. (1558),
held the ancient seat of Howletts or Owletts, in the
N.W. of the parish of Bekesbourne, and is remembered as
" a good benefactor" to the poor of Littlebourne; that
his "descendant" [son?] of the same name alienated it
to Sir Henry Palmer, who died there in 1611. Probably
Amy Durant, wife of Thomas Gookyn, was of this family ;
perhaps daughter of John, the benevolent man. Was
not Durant's interest in Littlebourne owing to a former
residence, or family ties, in that parish? "
Not being able to supply my correspondent
with any further particulars, I make known the
contents of his letter, in the hope of eliciting
information from other readers of " N. & Q."
It is proper to explain, as accounting for the
introduction of the name of Beke into my corre-
spondent's remarks, that, in sending to him the
article in " N. & Q." p. 324, I added a reference
to the connexion between the families of Beke
and Denne of Denne Hill, in Kingston, through
the marriage of Robert Beake of Supperton with
Bridget, daughter of Vincent Denne, Serjeant-at-
Law, who died in 1693, as mentioned in Hasted's
History of Kent, iii. 685, 751.
CHABLES BEKE.
Bekesbourne.
REINDEER.
(3rd S. ii. 406, 456.)
It is an ill wind that blows nobody any good.
An able letter in The Times of the 15tti Nov.,
signed G. W. D., has transported us from the
stewy atmosphere of the betting-room to the
breezy Fjelds of Northern Scandinavia, the haunts
of the Turanian Lapp, after he was gradually
pushed to the verge of the " West Sea" by Odin
and his Goths.
Still, at the risk of being set down as pre-
sumptuous for treading on the heels of so dis-
tinguished a philosopher as G. W. D., I must take
leave to doubt the accuracy of his conclusion that
the first part of the word " rairt-deer " is a Tura-
nian or Lappish word. He bases this conclusion,
1st., on the words of the Norwegian Ohthere in
King Alfred's Orosius : Tha deor hi hatath hranas
(those deer they call reindeer), where he refers
the pronoun hi to the Lapps. If the context
be carefully considered, I think hi will be found
more applicable to Ohthere's Scandinavian or
Norwegian countrymen than to the Finns, who
are not mentioned in the sentence. In the same
way, in the sentence " He (Ohthere) was rich
in those possessions in which their wealth con-
sists," the pronoun " their " may very well mean,
the Norwegians of Halogaland. So, again, " Their
revenue is in the tribute which the Finns pay
them," "their" must refer to Norwegians.
2ndly. G. W. D. quotes, in support of hranas
being a Turanian or Lapp word, Ihre's Lexicon
Suiogothicum, sub voce " Ren " (reindeer) ; who,
after making several conjectures as to the ety-
mology of the word, cites Peter Gran's treatise
(Upsala, 1685), to the effect that the Lapps used
the word raingo of animal in general, and then
for this kind of deer in particular. Now, I would
suggest that Gran and Ihre were in error in sup-
posing raingo to be a Lappish word. I believe
that it was nothing but a corruption of the Scan-
dinavian (Indo-Germanic) word reen-ko (female
reindeer), which some Norman Lapps had picked
up from their neighbours, the Norwegians. If
raingo was the genuine Lappish for reindeer in
1685, surely it would be so in 1756. But it is
not to be found in J. Leem's Lapp Nomenclator^
Trondjem, 1756; and the only word like it in
Ihre's Lapp Dictionary (which was published
1789, i.e. eleven years after his Lexic. Suiogoth.)
is randur (cervus), which is plainly nothing but
the Norwegian rendyr. Indeed, every page of a
Lapp dictionary contains unmistakeable Norwe-
gian words, thus proving the truth of Malte
Brun's remark that, " the Lapponic has been
mixed, still more than the other Finnic tongues,
with the German and Scandinavian."
The real Lappish (Turanian) for reindeer,
given by both J. Leem and Ihre is paatzo, while
the Lapp for an animal is waissje, or eld (Finnish
JEloin, from elon, in vivis sum). ^ Neither can I
find any word like raingo in the Dictionary of the
sister tongue, the Finnic or Quain.
Kaltschmidt and Grimm both seem to con-
sider hran and hrein as belonging to the Indo-
474
NOTES AND QUERIES.
s. ii. n.
Germanic family of languages, and, if so, the
word could not have a Turanian root. What the
root is, that is the puzzle ; most likely it had an
aspirate in it. Compare r/tenones (Ctesar, De
Bell. Gall. vi. 21). Harini is the Sanscrit for a
deer ; but Rask, I believe, laid it down as a rule
that h, in Sanscrit, would, in the Northern tongue,
become k.
Again, G. W. D. states that hreinn is used in
the Orkney Saga of the Scotch red- deer. Now,
in my edit. (1780), p. 384, we read that the earls
used to cross Caithness to hunt the red-deer or
rein-deer, i. e. now one, now the other; upon
which the editor remarks, " evincit locus fuisse
tempore isto in Scotia Renones." And he asks,
why not ? for they are known to have existed in
Iceland in the twelfth century, although they
afterwards became extinct there.
FREDERICK. METCALF.
DARTMOUTH ARMS.
(3ra S. ii. 409.)
I have no doubt that M. W. would find an an-
swer to his Query in any history of Dartmouth ;
but there are several events in the national his-
tory of Britain, immediately associated with this
ancient part, from either of which the device of
" a king in a boat" may have derived its origin.
1. The landing of Brute, the Trojan, first king
and founder of the British nation, on the " Tote-
nesian litus " of which the site of Dartmouth
formed a part, in A.M. 2855, or B.C. 1149 : about
the time when " the child Samuel " was placed
under the protection of Eli in the tabernacle at
Shiloh. The rather appropriate armorial bearing
of King Brute was a lion passant, which some of
our heraldic friends would call a "canting" de-
vice. For the date and arms of this worthy, I am
indebted to Churchill's Divi Britannici, p. 51.
And for the story of this Brute, M. W. may be
referred to Nenius, Leland, Richard of Glouces-
ter, or Geoffrey of Monmouth.
2. The fact that Dartmouth was the rendezvous
of the fleet of Richard I., from whence the " Lion
King" — "in a boat," as a matter of course —
started on his expedition for the Holy Land in
A.D. 1190.
3. The grant of a charter of incorporation to
the port of Dartmouth by Edward III., in conse-
quence, perhaps, of the contribution by this town
of a large number of ships and men towards the
expedition against Calais. On the " gold nobles "
of Edward HI. there is this very design, or one
similar, of " a king in a boat," or rather, a galley.
Various reasons have been assigned, which are
mentioned by Mr. Humphreys, in his Manual of
Coins, vol. ii. p. 438. lor the adoption of this
device by King Edward, the most probable origin
of it is to he found in the naval su.
the French which Edward had obtained, in jrrea:
measure owing to the taking of Calais in 1347 (?)
At all events these nobles, with the "roya!
design, were first issued about that time. Am
Dartmouth received its charter, as I have s
posed, as a reward for her assistance to the Cal
expedition, it is probable that the cor;
ould have selected for their device this r<>
sailor pattern which was adopted by the
after his capture of Calais.
The two lions are still to be accounted
Edward's supporters were, I believe : Dexter,
lion rampant ; sinister, an eagle volant ;
royally crowned. And he was, as far as I kn
the first of our kings who adopted support
Perhaps, after all, the arms of Dartmouth are
tended to record all three of the events I h
mentioned. All are associated with " kings
boats," — Brute, Richard, and Edward ; but
the " king in a boat " was the peculiar device
Edward III., who granted the charter, one of
lions may be meant to represent (the) Ki
Brute ; the other to record the expedition of "
Lion King." With Curtius, however, I in
say : —
" Plura equidem transcribe qnam credo,
Nee eteuini nffirmare ausus sum quae dubio."
Doubtless, some learned antiquarian critic
offer a more satisfactory explanation than thos
have here attempted : —
" Mihi debetur collectionis gratiam ;
M. W. habeat electionis materiam."
CHESSBOROUGI
Harberton.
The name of Pomeroy has no more connexion
with the arms of Dartmouth than has the famil
with this little village, from which they have tat
their title.
"TnE OLD OAKEN BUCKET" (3rd S. ii. 430.)
A copy of this song will be found in the Sa,
Magazine, vol. ix. p. 120. The author, Sum
Woodwortb, was a native of Weymouth, M
chusetts, and pursued the business of a printer
New York, where he died Dec. 9, 1842, under
very painful circumstances, aged 57. An edition
of his Poems, Odes, Sfc., was brought out by liim-
self, at New York in 1830, but they seem to be
little known in this country. See Dr. Allen's
American Biographical Dictionary ; Duyckin
Cyclopaedia of American Literature, vol. ii. p.
and Poems and Pictures, 1 860. FLORENCE
This poem, by Samuel Wood worth, charmingly
set to music by T. German Reed, has been pu'
lished by Messrs. Addison, Regent Street, u
the title of " The old Moss- covered Well."
JOHN NEWM
3rd S. II. DEC. 13, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
475
PLATFORM (3rd S. ii. 426.) — If MR. SALA will
turn to Johnson's Dictionary he will find, nub voce,
Platform, a passage from Hooker which supports
his view of the origin of the use of this word in
the sense of " party." Exeter Hall meetings be-
ing in those days unknown, it seems plain that it
is so. To the example given in Johnson I can add
one from Patrick's Parable of the Pilgrim, p. 206,
ed. 1687. Speaking of persons changing their
sect, be says, —
"He can soon quit the way wherein he was, and be-
come religious, after the manner of this novel plat-form."
VEBNA.
THOMAS CAMPBELL (3rd S. ii. 409.) — I have
always understood that the first crude draught of
The Pleasures of Hope appeared as a Glasgow
High School exercise, — a seminary which Campbell,
being a native of the immediate neighbourhood,
would possibly attend before entering the Junior
Greek and Humanity Classes of the University.
English poetry was, in my time, and no doubt still
is, however, a regular class exercise in the college,
but being confined to translation, the probability
is that The Pleasures of Hope (Campbell's first
piece, undoubtedly) could not have been pro-
duced, although it might have been published
there, and in the manner asserted in The Collegian,
for, strange as it may appear, Campbell seems to
have experienced more than the usual difficulty of
"getting into print." I myself have seen the
newspaper notice in the Greenock Advertiser, pre-
served by a curious person in Renfrewshire, in
which the editor, I believe an Irish gentleman,
whose widow long continued to derive a pension
or allowance from the paper, makes the following
discriminating announcement : —
" Notices to Correspondents.
"T. C. The lines commencing —
' On Linden when the sun was low,'
are not up to our standard. Poetry is evidently not
T. C.'s forte."
SHOLTO MACDUFF.
BAKER'S " CHRONICLE" (2nd S. ii. 275.)— Your
note, in reply to a query, states, that this work
formed " a conspicuous article of furniture in the
ball of good Sir Roger de Coverley." It is also
noticed as one of the works which Joseph Andrews
had access to, as " laying open in the hall win-
dow," in the novel of that name, by Fielding. We
may possibly presume this to have been a custom
in the seventeenth century ; the book being left
for visitors to entertain themselves with whilst
waiting for the master of the house. Both cases,
it is noticeable, refer to the country house.
W. P.
"THE PLEADER'S GCIDE" (3rd S. ii. 288, 335.)
John Anstey, the author, was of Lincoln's Inn,
barrister at law, and a commissioner for auditing
public accounts. This Poem is a good-humoured
satire and burlesque upon the law and the legal
profession, and was a great favourite with, and
often quoted by, the lawyers in the early part of
the present century ; much of the spirit of it, how-
ever, is now lost, by recent alterations and im-
provements in the law. It was published in 1796,
and has run through many editions. In lecture
the seventh, the author, under the pseudonyme of
Mr. Surrebutter, gives this account of his profes-
sional education : —
" Whoe'er has drawn a special plea
Has heard of old Tom Tewkesbury,
Deaf as a post, and thick as mustard,
He aim'd at wit, and bawl'd and bluster'd,
And died a Nisi Prius leader.
That genius was my Special Pleader."
Who was old " Tom Tewkesbury " ? or rather,
what was the name of the barrister, so designated
by the author? E. B. E.
SUNDIAL AND COMPASS (3ra S. 5. 39.) — It may
interest your correspondents, A. A., SIGMA TAU,
and N. T. HEINEKEN, to be informed or reminded,
as the case may be, that the Hon. Robert Boyle,
in his charming Occasional Reflections, Discourse
xx.f " Upon the Magnetical Needle of a Sun-
Dyal," has this passage : —
" We had not yet dismiss'd the Water-man, when
Eugenius chancing to express a curiosity to know what
a clock it was, when we had freshly begun to Angle at
our new Station ; as Lindamor and the rest drew their
Watches to satisfie his Question, so the Boat-man took
out of his Pocket a little Sun-Dyal, furnished with an
excited Needle to direct how to set it ; such Dyals being
used among Mariners, not only to show them the hour of
the Day, but to inform them from what quarter the
Wind blows."
The date of the Occasional Reflections is 1665;
when, from this extract, the sundial and compass
would appear to have been in common use some
fifty years earlier than the date of the instrument
in MR. HEINEKEN'S possession.
I have been reminded of the above passage by
sitting almost upon the spot where stood the sun-
dial, which may often have been gazed upon by
Francis Bacon, long before his name became so
ingloriously associated with this very interesting
locality of old London. JOHN TIMES.
Gray's Inn.
P.S. As I am in Gray's Inn, I may as well men-
tion one of Lord Campbell's erroneous statements
respecting Bacon. His chambers were on the site
of No. 1, Gray's Inn Square, first floor. The
house was burnt, Feb. 17, 1679, with sixty other
chambers (Historians Guide, 3rd edit. 1688.)
Lord Campbell speculatively states, that Bacon's
chambers " remain in the same state as when he
occupied them, and are still visited by those who
worship his memory " (Lives of Chancellors, vol.
ii. p. 274.) 'Tis pity the author did not visit the
476
NOTES AND QUERIES.
. Di
present chambers, or inspect the Society's records,
which would have prevented the above error.
" PUNCH AKD JUDY" (3rd S. ii. 387.)— For the
entire " tragical comedy, or comical tragedy " of
" Punch and Judy," as well as an account of the
origin of puppet plays in England, I refer C. P. J.
to a book under the title of the hero and heroine,
published by W. J. Reid, Charing Cross. The
copy before me is the third edition, and is dated
1832. The book is admirably illustrated by G.
Cruikshank, and contains every information on
the subject, as well as the dialogue of the puppet
show. The volume is scarce. Mine is a poor
copy, but I do not remember ever having had the
chance of obtaining a better. CHARLES WYLIE.
PAINTING OP THE REFORMERS (3rd S. ii. 87, 137,
175, 258.) — I find an engraving, similar to the
painting described by H. C. F., forming the fron-
tispiece to the History of England (vol. i.), by the
Hon. Hugh Clarendon, of Wiqdsor, published in
London, 1768. The picture is entitled, "The
Primitive Reformers, to whom (under God) we
are indebted for the Glorious Light of the Gospel,"
and instead of fourteen persons, there are twenty-
four, eleven of whom stand in a line behind the
rest : a key is attached. G.
New York.
QUOTATION : " THE KING OF FRANCE WITH
40,000 MEN," ETC. (2nd S. xii. 462.)—
" France, as all Christendom besides, was in a profound
peace, and had continued so twenty years together, when
Henry IV. fell upon some great martial Design, the
Bottom whereof is not known to this Day; and being
rich (for he had heaped up in the Bastile a Mount of
Gold that was as high as a Lance) he levied a huge Army
of 40,000 Men; whence came the Song, The King of
France with 40,000 Men; and upon a sudden he put this
Army in perfect Equipage. But going one afternoon to
the Bastile to see his Treasure and Ammunition " — he
was murdered by Ravillac. — Howell's Familiar Letters,
b. L s. 1, L. 18.
C. I. P.
NOEL, A PAINTER (3rd S. ii. 105.)— I beg to
forward the information requested by B. H. C.
Noel, born at Rouen 1753, died 1834, a French
marine painter, was a pupil of Vernet (Joseph).
He painted, with talent, the principal ports of
Spain. (B. H. C.'s picture is doubtless one of the
series here alluded to.) SIGMA-TAC.
Cape Town, S. Africa.
GRADELT (3rd S. ii. 291.) —My northern ex-
perience agrees with that of HBRMENTRODE, but
why should not the derivation be gradus, grada-
tim, step by step, thoroughly? The northern
pugilist would be thus prompted — " That's it,
Bill, lick him gradely." " It met faw " does not
mean " it must full," as HERMENTBUDE interprets,
but " it might fall." T. ASIIE.
KNIGHT O^THE CARPET (3rd S. ii. 388.)— This
phrase is found much later than the writers here
referred to. In Scott's Lady of the Lake, jt
before the beginning of the combat betwc
Fitzjames and Roderick Dim: —
" Not yet prrpar'd ? By Heaven, I change
My thought, and hold thy valour light
As that of some vain carpet-knight," &c.
LYTTELTON.
LOCAL NAMES (3rd S. ii. 317, 358, 399.)
Morant suggests that the first part of the nan
Terling may be from a Saxon owner, and
termination from ing, a meadow. If so, the na
might translate " Terril's Meadow." I shot
rather render it "the meadow at or near the
rivulet." Some maps give a rivulet of this nae
which they make to rise near Little Leigh, to ri
through Great Leigh, past Terling and H.
rel, and to foil into the Chelmer near Ultir
Rivers named Ter, Thur, Tor, Dor, are dern
from the Celtic dwr, dour (£/5o>p), water. Agait
Tirwick in Sussex, which is also situated uj
a river, may translate "the dwelling near
water." This latter name, however, might
be corrupted from (Ro)/(h)ertoi'cfc, if, as I suspe
it is situated upon that river.* With regard
Amphlete, we have many local names ending
fleet; as Bemfleet or Benfleet, Purfleet and
fleet in Essex ; Northfleet and Southfleet
Kent ; and, among many others, Adlingfle
Broomfleet, Fax fleet, Marfleet, Ousefleet, Raver
fleet, Swinefleet, and Yokefleet in the north
England. Pamphlett is likewise a Kentish si
name. Places whose names end in fleet, phle
phlett, flett, when situated near water, are me
probably derived from the A.-S. fleot (PI. fleet,
small river; G. flethe, a channel), a place whe
vessels float, a bay, gulf, arm of the sea, the mout
of a river ; from fleot-an, to float, swim. Those
ending \nfleet, &c., when not situated near water,
may be from the same root as those ending \nfleth ;
viz. from A.-S. flet, a dwelling, a seat, hall; G.
fleck, vicus (mark-fleck, vicus e sylva excisus).
In Oldenburg are the local names Bardenfleth
and Elsfleth ; and Stockfleth is the name of the
author of the Norsk-Lappish Ordbog. Am and
ham in composition of looal names, though
mostly traceable to the Saxon ham, a dwelling,
&c., are frequently corrupted from the Celtic
avon, afon, aon ; i. q. amon, Gaelic amhainn ; i. q.
amnis ; so that if Amphlete is or was formerly
situated at or near the mouth of a river, the name
might translate " mouth of the Avon or river."
R. S. CHARNOCK.
Is MR. KNOWLES aware that Terling in Essex
is always pronounced TVjrling ? The spelling of
* Ter is the name of an arm of the sea in Morbihan
(Bretagne) ; Triru of a river, whence Pontrieu was so
called ; and Theyr of a river, at the confluence of which
with the Odet, Quimper is situated ; all derived from "
Bret, dour (Van. detir, daour, water).
> of which
1 from Bas
3rd S. II. DEC. 13, '62.]
NOTES AND QUEEIES.
477
a local name often presents difficulties, which dis-
appear as soon as its ordinary pronunciation is
ascertained. JAYDEE.
TIR (3rd S. ii. 399.) — As there are certainly
more than a thousand words in our language of
Shemitic origin, I would venture to suggest that
the word Tir in Tzrwick and Tirling, may 'be
from T>tD, tir, which means enclosed, locus muro
(Ringmaur, Ger.), also septum, pagus rusticorum
(Gen. xxv. 16 ; Ps. Ixix. 26). The Celtic use of
the word agrees with this. But tir is a Saxon
word also, being often prefixed to express the su-
perlative, as in ft'r-eadig, very happy ; ft'r-fsest, very
fast, &c. It is supposed to be from Tyr, the
Scandinavian god; possibly both are from T13,
implying exclusiveness. The tire surrounding a
wheel may have its name from the same source.
Tor, a kindred word, is Chaldaic, "I1L3, and English
also, meaning, in both languages, mons, standing
high and distinct, as the Tors of Dartmoor, &c.
GEO. MOORE.
Hastings.
"TWINKLING OF A BED-STAFF" (3rd S. ii. 18,
359.) — As this subject has turned up again in the
pages of " N. & Q ," I would add my mite to the
pictorial illustration referred to by VEBNA. Mine
is to be found in a rare little book, entitled A
luniper Lecture. With the Description of all Sorts
of Women, good and bad, Sfc., 24rao. Lond. : I. O.
for W. Ley, 1639.* The frontispiece to this illus-
trates one of the lectures. A Xantippe of the
period, in night costume, is entering the bed-
room pugnaciously bent, having both arms up-
reared, flourishing a heavy ladle, and uttering the
war-cry, " Rise, you drunken slave ! " In the bed
she is approaching, we see her lord and master in
a half-raised position, happily not taken unawares,
clutching in one hand a heavy shoe, while the
upreared right grasps the bed-staff as a foil to
protect his head from the descending kitchen
utensils.
This presumed " bed-staff" of my plate answers
to Johnson's general description of a pin, and, is
an implement of wood, of damaging capability;
grasped by the lower extremity, and hurled
through the air by a powerful arm, it would cer-
tainly reach the head of an offending party in a
twinkling.
So much for the bed-staff. Now for the book.
Can any of your readers, familiar with our old
English literature, tell me who wrote it ? It is an
amusing thing ; pretends to hold the scales fairly
between the sexes, but leans to the lords of the
creation ; is full of coarse bitterness, proverbial
phrases, some biting epigrams, and has a poetical
address to the author from Margery Quiet, of
Tame, in Oxfordshire. IsitaBraithwnit? J. O.
[* The third impression of 1652 contains many new
additions. — ED. ]
SUBLIME (3rd S. ii. 389.) — I had always supposed
that the word " sublime " was derived from, or
at least related to, the Latin word limus, with which
we are familiar in the lines —
" Sic tamen ut limis rapias quid prima secundo
Cera velit versu."
White and Riddle's Diet., in voc. " Limus,"
gives the meaning " Embracing, embracing with
the sight, turning the eyes round, casting sidelong
glances." The same authority says that the word
is probably akin to the Sansc. ling = amplecti,
and gives obliquus as a derivative.
May not sublimis also be a derivative, or at
least a cognate word, originally expressing the
direction of the glance towards an object on high ?
Compare " os sublime." C. A. L.
SIR HUGH MYDDLETON (3rd S. ii. 410.) — Among
the marriages at Westminster Abbey, the follow-
ing occurs : —
" 6 March, 1682. Sir Hugh Middleton and Mrs. Eliza-
beth Hall."
C. J. R.
BURKE'S ADMIRED POET (3rd S. i. 228.) — The
lines look like a translation from Pindar ; perhaps
they are only an imitation by the poet whom
Burke admired.
Tit SJ) i/€0(s aA<?xojy
J' a/j.ir\dKiov. KCL-
T' a/j.TJxal/ov
y\it>crffais.
Kano\6yoi 8e 7ro\?rai,
vlffxfl Te 7<*P uASos ov fnfiova <t>0$vov.
'O 5e xa[Mi\a, irvftav &<j>avrov €pf/j.fi.
Pyth. O. xi. a. 2.
H. B. C.
U. U. Club.
FLY-LEAF SCRIBBLINGS (3rd S. ii. 406.) — Re-
markably like some verses from a MS. in the pos-
session of Mr. Edward Farr, written about the
year 1620 : —
" A constant mind ; an equall health ;
A friend that is a second self;
Adde but to this a good fit wife,
And 3rou sum up a happy life."
The poet then proceeds to state the converse.
JOB J. BARDWELL WORKARD, M.A.
THE WRITTEN TREE OF THIBET (3rd S. ii. 374.)
The remarks on the possible origin of the Thibetan
letters as imitations of the lines on the leaves of
the tree referred to, will not apply, since we have
historical and direct evidence that those letters
were not thus invented, but borrowed from the
ancient Buddhistic or Lat alphabet, and intro-
duced into Thibet from north-western India by
Buddhist missionaries, at the time that Buddhism
was itself introduced. The Lat character is the
basis of the Sanskrit and many other alphabets.
478
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. DEC\ 13, 'fl
The veins on certain leaves much resemble the
common Thibetan writing, and if the leaf figured
in Bohn's edition of Hue's Travels bears any ap-
proximation to the appearance of the original, it
most likely belongs to a variety of the pome-
granate, or at least to one of the Myrtacea. It is
described as producing a red flower, and being
very fragrant, so far agreeing with several of the
Myrtaceee. If of this class, the difficulty of its
propagation is accounted for, as its fruit would
not ripen in that climate, and its seeds would not
be prolific. The tree, it seems, was kept alive by
careful protection. A tree indigenous to a warmer
clime would probably show more distinct veining
of the leaf in Thibet, and might thus attract atten-
tion to the markings as resembling the Thibetan
letters. I have observed that the veins on the
leaves of the common pear sometimes much re-
semble what may be called the running hand of
the Thibetan. G. MOORE.
Hastings.
WOBD DERIVED FROM A PROPER NAME (3rd S.
ii. 277.) — Hanks, a Brabant manufacturer, invited
over here by Edward III., circa 1331, gave his
name to the skein of worsted. 0.
ARISTOCRATIC MAYORS (3rd S. ii. 410.) — The
following sons of peers were Mayors (if Stamford :
Charles Bertie, s. of Montague E. of Lindsey in
1685 ; Charles Cecil, s. of John, 5th E. of Exeter,
in 1711, and William Cecil, s. of John, 6th E. of
Exeter, in 1726. Jos. PHILLIPS, Jr.
Stamford.
HACKNEY (3rd S. ii. 419.) —Ms. SALA is right
as to there being a connection between the
haquenee and the hackney, but I doubt whether
the connection which he suggests can be proved.
I repeat that in the sixteenth century and later
hack, hackney, &c. stood for common, primarily
that which was used or done very often; secondly,
that which was of common use to many. I illus-
trated my statement by quotations from Shak-
speare.
The haquenee of the knight, was the horse for
common use, as is the hack of the modern fox-
hunter. Of course I know what Menage and
others of his school have maintained touching the
origin of the word haquenee, but I do not care, in
our better state of etymological knowledge, to dwell
upon those old. speculations.
The question between MR. SALA and me is
simply this — Does hackney coach mean the hackney
or common coach (I purposely use the word com-
mon ns containing the primary and secondary
sense of hackney), as the coach drawn by hackney
or common horses. Now, as a matter of fact, I
find that in the eighteenth century hackney coach is
interpreted a coach plying for hire, I find in the
seventeenth century hackney chair signified a com-
mon chair, in distinction from a private chair.
Both were carried by men. If I were not afr
of too much lengthening this note, I could addi
many more illustrations of my statement.
I have not the book, at hand, and theref
make the reference with great diffidence, bt
think that MR. SALA will find cheval de fi<it/u<
used in Le Moyen de Parvenir. W.
P.S. I find hackney-porter used as equiva
to a common porter plying for hire.
I believe many early inventories will suppor
G. A. SALA'S view as to the early use of
word ; one such is now before me : —
" Inventoriutn bonorum et catellorum Johannis de Fj
chain factum die Mcrcurii in festo Sancti Michaelis .
angeli, anno regni Regis Edwardi tercii, post ConquesU
xiijmo.
" De Stauro. ii stotte p carecta. j hakenev p servo," &c
G. H. D.
ORGANS AT ST. PETER'S AT ROME (2nd S. ii.
417.) — DR. RIMBAULT has hardly stated the case
correctly about the organs at St. Peter's at Koine.
It is true that there is no great or<jan ia the nave
or main parts of the church, as with us ; and also
that the services in the Pope's Chapel are sung
without organs. But in the chapel of the choir,
which is practically the choir of the church, where
the Chapter attend the daily services, there are
two permanent organs, one of which (at least) is
used to accompany the ritual. The small move-
able organs of which he speaks are used for
other purposes, in other parts of the church. St.
Peter's can hardly be called the Roman Cathedral.
Of the seven Roman Basilicas, St. John Lateran
is the first in rank, and properly the Cathedral of
the Bishop of Rome. J. JEHU.
EPITOME OF THE LIVES OF THE KINGS or
FRANCE (2nd S. xii. 457; 3rd S. i. 14.) — The
White Knight's copy of this little book is dated
1639, and professes to be "translated out of the
French Copy." Out of what French copy ? Is
there an edition of this book ia the French Ian-
gvage older than 1639 ? I have before me Epitome
Chronicomm Regum GallitB a Pharamundo ad Ca~
roluin ejus nominis nonum, in Latin, 12mo, printed
or published at Paris in 1566, by William le Noir.
The titlepage gives a woodcut of the arms of Le
Noir. This book contains well executed portraits
of. sixty-one kings (the portraits in De Serres
folio History of France are evidently from the
same blocks). Is this a copy of the first edition
of "the French copy" from which R. B.'s trans-
lation was made ? I have also before me the
" Abrege de 1'Histoire des Empereurs Uomains, conte-
nant les cboses plus memorables . . . depuis Jule
Cesar jusques a 1'Empereur Rodolphe a present Regnan
. . . extraict de diuers Autheurs, par 11. -M."
The titlepage contains a cut of the imperia
arms, published at Rouen by Abraham Cousturier
S. II. DEC. 13, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
479
! in 1609. The work, which is a 12rao, commences
I with a dedicatory epistle to " Monsieur de Lisores
I sieur d'Equemeauville et Barneuille," privy coun-
! cillor of the king, and " Procureur-general " in his
[ " Court de Parlement de Normandie." There are
i portraits of all the emperors, many of them excel-
lent likenesses, as I have discovered by comparing;
them with coins in the Roman series. At the end
of the "Lives," but forming a portion of the same
book, are "Le Voyage deMonseigneur deMercceur
en Hongrie," and " Articles et Conditions de la
Trefue faicte entre I'Empereur et le Turc," which
•was executed in February, 1609, and the book
finishes with a short account " d' une entreprise
sur la ville de Genue," by a French gentleman, le
Sieur du Terrail, which appears to have taken
place in April, 1609. CHESSBOROUGH.
FORTHINK : CHAUCER (3rd S. ii. 377.) — In what
edition of Chaucer's Works does the passage quoted
by MR. WORKARD stand at line 9780 ? In a copy
before me, of an edition concerning which I ap-
pend a Query, the passage occurs at line 6200 of
the Canterbury Tales ; but if the Prologues and
Argument are to be taken into the reckoning, the
line must be numbered 7062. The passage runs
thus : —
" That me forthinketh (qd. this January)
He is a gentle sqw/re by my trouth,
If that he died, it were'harme and routh."
Thus differing in seven readings, as indicated
by the letters in italics, from the version of MR.
WORKARD.
I take this opportunity of seeking information
in reference to my own copy, and for the guidance
of bibliophilists who may be disposed to assist me.
I give the following particulars : — Folio, black-
letter, no pagination : folios, however, are num-
bered. No printer's name, or place of publica-
tion. Contains an introductory dedication to King
Henry VIII. The title runs thus : —
" THE WORKES OF GKFFREY CHAVCER, newly Printed,
with diners additions. WITH THE SIEGE AND DESTRVC-
tion of the worthie Citie of Thebes, compiled by John
Lidgate, Monke of Burie."
There is also on the title-page a large woodcut
of Chaucer's armorial bearings ; and the date,
1560," occurs between the helmet and shield.
To what, edition does my copy belong ?
Johnson (Typographic vol. i. p. 503,) men-
tions an edition of the " Workes of Geffray Chau-
cer" as having been printed by Reynes in 1542.
And at p. 566, " Chaucer's Woorkes," printed by
Kyngston in 1561. The title of my copy does
not agree with that of either of these editions ;
and I cannot find that Johnson makes any men-
tion of an edition printed in 1560.
The lines are not numbered in the original
print ; but I have attached numbers for my own
convenience. CHESSBOROUGH.
Harberton, Totnes.
POLITICAL NICK-NAMES (3rd S. ii. 350.) — I
know of no such List of Political Nick-names as
PHILO TAU inquires for. In compliance, there-
fore, with his suggestion, I forward a small con-
tribution towards such a desideratum : —
Lord Sandwich
George Grenville
Lord Shelburne
- Jemmy Twitcher.
- The Gentle Shepherd.
- Malagrida.
P. N
JOHN HEALEY (3rd S. ii. 203, 334.)— I have
thjs author's Epictetvs, Sfc., of 1616. and have seen
the impression of 1636; but now hear, for the
first time, of that of 1610. My book bears no
indication of a reprint, and appears a posthumous
work : the dedication to the Earl of Pembroke
being signed " T. Th." : —
" It is," aays he, " the bequest of a deceased man, who
(in his lifetime) hauing offered some translations of his
vnto your Lordship, euer wisht if these ensuing were
published they might only be addressed vnto your Lord-
ship as the best Testimony of his dutifull affection."
Healey's attachment to his patron reminds us
of Shakspeare and the Earl of Southampton:
" What I have done is yours ; what I have to do
is yours:" for Healey had shortly before ad-
dressed his Discovery of a New World " To the
True Mirror of truest honor, William, Earle of
Pembroke," in a glowing panegyric upon the mind
and " Phoenix-bounty " of his patron. It would
appear from this, that Healey was unpopular with
the wits of the day, " whose blistered mouthes
misinterprete most maliciouslie.'' "Only," says
the desolate dedicator, " give me my foote-holde
(i. e. his patron's countenance), and I will give
them an everlasting record in the Temple of In-
famy." Healey's translation of St. Augustine of
ihe Citie of God, 1610, is also addressed, by the
same literary executor (signing in this instance
" Th. Th." ; query, Thomas Thorp, the book-
seller ?), " To the Honorablest Patron of Mvses
and good Mindes, L. W. Earle of Pembroke ;"
which bulky work is also a bequest to that noble
lord on the hence' parting of the translator : —
" Wherefore his legacie laide at your Honour's feete is
rather here delivered to your Honour's humbly thrice-
kissed hands, by his poor delegate, Th. Th."
Another translation by Healey, is, —
" Philip 'Mornay, Lord of PJessis, his Teares for the-
Death of his Sonne, &c., 12mo. G. Eld, at the Sign of
the Printers' Presse, 1609."
This is offered —
" To his honored and Constant friend, Maister John
Coventry, as a Cataplasme to both our present Estates, it
being best known to ourselves how long we have sayled
in a deepe dark Sea of Misfortune."
I hope there is nothing in this last mysterious
passage to support MR. COOPER'S suspicion that
either Healey, or his friend " Maister Coventry,"
were Gunpowder Traitors. J. O.
480
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. DEC. 13, '6*.
PORTLAND ISLAND (3rd S. ii. 411.) — The corre-
spondent of your correspondent M. F. was per-
haps a little too sensational in her statements :
though the broad fact, that the Portlandcrs are a
fine race, notwithstanding their frequent inter-
marriages, is certainly undeniable.
In a clever sketch, in Household Words for
April, 1858, it is said of them : —
" Danes by descent, with a strong infusion of Saxon
blood, we Portlanders are a stalwart muscular race, ad-
mirably suited to our quarry-work, and still keeping a
good deal aloof from our neighbours on the mainland.
Four or five family names, of which Pearce and Stone
are the most common, suffice for the whole of us. There
are probably five hundred Pearces."
In A Summer Trip to Weymouth and Dor-
chester, published in 1842 by the late Mr. Buck-
ingham, this latter peculiarity is somewhat en-
larged upon : —
" There are two principal names in the island, Pearce
and Stone ; which, one would imagine, must have been
derived from their occupation as quarriers, since ' to
pierce the stone' is their chief and almost constant em-
ployment. Until of very late years, there was no ex-
ample of their marrying out of the island: and in the
matches made in their own circle, it was thought most
becoming for a Stone to wed a Pearce, or a Pearce a
Stone, rather than that two of the same name should be
united."
In the last contested election for Dorsetshire,
A.D. 1857, 1 find that 254 votes were given in Port-
land ; of which there were of the name of
Pearce - - - - - 38
Stone - - - - - 20
Attwooll - - - - 16
White 15
Comben - - - 9
Scriven - - - - 7
Lano - - • - 6
I know not that there are any good grounds
for supposing them to be of Danish origin. If
they are, they certainly treated their forefathers
somewhat unceremoniously : for they seem to have
fought many stout battles with Danish invaders.
The strange word Kimberlen, by which they de-
signate the inhabitants of the outer world — in
fact, all who are not Portlauders — might possibly
afford some clue to their race.
C. W. BlNGHAM.
PHARAOH'S STEAM VESSELS (3rd S. ii. 238.) —
In piloting another in pursuit of " Pharaoh's
steam-vessels," your correspondent has failed in
a clew, and fallen upon an Irish blunder. I will
try to set both of them in the right direction.
The name of the author alluded to is not Ste-
venson, and moreover, he claims to be an English-
man. The only modern Commentary upon the
Eighteenth Chapter of Isaiah is by the Rev.
Walter Chamberlain, M.A., Incumbent of St.
John's, Bolton, 8vo, pp. x. 424, published in 1860
by Wertheim & Co., a work which, whatever be
its relative merits, baa rendered signal service to
Dr. Gumming, who has acknowledged his obliga-
tion-; to its author. On the principle of carrying
out this rule of suum cuique, I may state that Mr. C.
wrote, some few years ago, another prophetical
work on the Restoration and Conversion of Israel ;
and has produced the best recent controversial
book against Unitarianism, which has been trans-
lated into the Welsh language, and is now in a
second edition. R. Lxac.
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OCR CHRISTMAS NCMBER on Saturday next ViM contain, among otittr
articles oj interest —
THE YOCNO HERD AND THI Kino's DACOHTER; a Western !
land Legend.
GREAT TOM or OXFORD; with a Poem to Young Tom.
KINO ALFRED'S JKWEL.
ABEKDEENSHIRE FOLK LORE.
A CAROL FOR " N. & Q."
THE lIiuHLA.su F.'iiTUNE TILLER.
And other Papers illustrative o/Folk Lore and Popular AntiqoiUet.
OXONIBNSIS is referred for particular* respecting Judge Page's con-
nection unth the parish of Steeple- Aston to v N. * Q.'7 3rd 8. 1. 153.
Johnxon, in his Life of Savage, describes Page's charge to the jury in
Savage's cote, which it said to have been the cause of Pope' t attack upon
him.
EDITOR will fold, on consulting our Indexes to lit and Ind Series, many
explanations of the phrase a Cock-and-bull-story; and unit probably
agi ee with us in preferring, not the Gallua super campanun, or Cock-on-
a-bell theory, but Coiepers, who tees in the phrase an allusion to the old
fashioned fames ; —
"And even the child who knows no better
Than to interpret by the letter
The story of a Cock and BuU,
Must hare a most uncommon tknll."
CMETRO* and JOHN TAYLOR. We have mislaid the addresses of then
Correspondents. Wilt they oblige us by furnishing them t
i. C. S. (
anticipated.
near Salisbury), will tee that his information hat been
H. The proposed List o/Preaclien witt be very acceptable. AH inch
lists are most valuable.
Hcacs F RATER, rullio. Viryil't 4fA Eclogue.
F. FITI-HENRT. Hot only the English Cyclopaedia, but all the biogra-
phical accounts of Robert Simson, the mathematician, say that he vat tht
son of John Siauon of Kirton Hall, Ayrshire. Our correspondent hat
not given any reason for his conjecture that he teas the ton oj' Patrick
Simson and Elizabeth Hay.
ST. Ln. The only published list of members of the House of Common)
is that by Robert Beatson, entitled, A Chronological Kegistcr of both
Houses of Parliament from the Union in 1706, to the Third Parliament
of the United Kingdom in 1807, 3 i-ols. Land. 8ro, 1807.
ERKATCM. — At p. •"«, col. i. anti in the second line of the inscription
for " Capt. A. W. Bancroft " read " Barcrolt."
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LONDON, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 20, 1862.
CONTENTS. — X". 51.
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Ship — Darley — Boniface — "Hoigh do la roy " — Offer's
" Description of Orcheston St. George and Elston " —
"Histoire Monastique d'Irolande," 492.
REPLIES : — King Alfred's Jewel, 493— Great Tom of Ox-
ford, Ib.— Sir Roger de Coverley, 495 — Statue of George
II. in Leicester Square — France, its Mutations since 1789
— Gokeyn Family — Bells at Pisa — Sackbut — Bishop
Trelawney — The Baptism of Church Bells — Suggy —
Edward the Black Prince — Bartlet — Noticeable Entries
in the Registers of Allhallows BaVking — Calls to the Bar
. — John Hall, Bishop of Bristol — Waynflete Arms —
Curfew — The Martyr's Penny: the Suet Penny, &c., 495.
A CHRISTMAS GREETING.
A MERRY CHRISTMAS AND A HAPPY NEW YEAR TO
ouu FRIENDS, CONTRIBUTORS, AND READERS! Twelve
months have now elapsed since the Nation had to de-
plore the loss of One, whose wise counsels and benign
influence are daily more and more missed and prized.
Under that deep loss all have exhibited the resignation
befitting a great people. During these twelve months,
the sufferings and deprivations of our manufacturing
classes have been borne by them with an amount of
Patience, and have called forth from their fellow-citizens
an extent of Charity creditable to us as a Christian
Nation.
In the confident hope that, by God's blessing, the com-
ing Year may prove to the Highest in the land a Year of
Christian Cheerfulness, and, from renewed employment
and increased means, a Year of Christian Contentedness
to the humblest of our fellow-workmen, We once more
bid our Readers a MERRY CHRISTMAS AND A HAPPY
NEW YEAE!
fkateil.
CHRISTMAS HOSPITALITY.
The latter years of good Queen Bess, when her
health and spirits failed, was a sad time for poor
old Father Christmas and all his merry train oj
minstrels, mummers, and frolicksome followers.
Of course the country took the tone from the
monarch, and the old icicled gentleman became —
" .... a pinch-back, cut-throat churl,
That keeps no open house, as he should do,
Delighteth in no game or fellowship,
Loves no good deeds and hateth talk;
But sitteth in a corner turning crabs,
Or coughing o'er a warmed pot of ale."
So says the author of Summer's Last Will and
Testament; and the writer of Father Hubbard's
Tales, the dramatist Middleton, echoes the strain,
adding —
" Do but imagine now what a sad Christmas we all
vept'in the country, without either carols, wassail-bowls,
dancing of Sellenger's Round in moonshine about May-
poles, shoeing the mare, hoodman-blind, hot cockles, or
any of our old Christmas gambols ; no, not so much as
choosing king and queen on Twelfth Night."
The too great resort of the English gentry to
the metropolis, their neglect of rural hospitali-
ties, and contempt of rural manners, appears to
have particularly engaged the attention of our
English Solomon, James I., and the contempla-
tive Bishop Hall, in the course of the seventeenth
century. Let us first hear what the king says,
in his address to the Council of the Star Cham-
ber : —
" One of the greatest causes of all Gentlemen's desiro
that have no calling or errand to dwell in London, is
apparently the pride of the women ; for if they be wives,
then their husbands, — if they be maids, theu their fathers,
must bring them up to London, because the new fashion
is to be had nowhere but in London : and here, if they
be unmarried, they mar their marriages ; and if they be
married they lose their reputations, and rot their hus-
band's purses. It is the fashion of Italy — that all the
Gentry dwell in the principal towns, and so the whole
country is empty : even so now in England, all the coun-
try is gotten into London, so as with time England will
be only London, and the whole country be left waste :
for as we now do imitate the French in fashion of clothes,
and lacquies to follow every man, so have we got up the
Italian fashion, in living miserably in our houses, and
dwelling all in the city: but let us in God's name, leave
these idle foreign toys, and keep the old fashion of Eng-
land ; and therefore as every fish lives in his own place,
some in the fresh, some in the salt, some in the mud, so
let every one live in his own place, some at court, some
in the city, some in the country : specially at festival
times, as Christmas and Easter, and the rest."
Lord Bacon, in his Apothegms tells us —
"King James was wont to be very earnest with the
country gentlemen to go from London to their country
houses : sometimes saying to them, Gentlemen, at Lon-
don you are like ships at sea, which show like nothing ;
but in your country villages, you are like ships in a river,
which look like very great things."
The flocking of the nobility to London at Christ-
mas, was the occasion of a proclamation by James,
which is thus noticed in a letter from Mr. Cham-
berlain to Sir Dudley Carleton, bearing date Dec.
21, 1622: —
" Diverse Lords and personages of quality have made
means to be dispensed withall for going into the country
this Christmas according to the proclamation ; but it will
not be granted, so that they pack away on all sides for
fear of the worst."
482
NOTES AND QUERIES.
s. ii. i
James's successor, Charles I., insisted by pro-
cliimation, that —
«« Every nobleman, or gentleman, bishop, rector, or
curito, unless he be in the service of tho Court or Council,
shall in forty days depart from the cities of London and
Westminster, and resort to their several counties, where
they usually reside, and there keep their habitations and
hospitality."
Bishop Hall, in his admirable Satires, thus
feelingly describes the gentry's desertion of their
country residences : —
" Beat the broad gates, a goodly hollow sound
With double ecclioes doth again rebound ;
I'ut not a dog doth bark to welcome thee,
Nor churlish porter can'st thou chafing see;
All dumb and silent, like the dead of night,
Or dwelling of some sleepy Sybarite?
The marble pavement hid with desert weed,
With house-leek, thistle, dock and hemlock-seed,
Look to the towered chimnies which should be
The wind-pipes of good hospitalitie ; —
Lo, there th' unthankful swallow takes her rest,
And fills the tunnel with her circled nest."
These few remarks will serve to introduce a
characteristic ballad, which must be as old as the
reign of James I., although the only two copies
that have come down to us are of a somewhat
later age. The copy from which I transcribe it
is contained in a MS. Collection of Songs and
Ballads, with the Music, collected by John
Gamble, " a playhouse musician," as he is termed
by Wood, of the latter part of the reign of
Charles I. "Yellow starch " is mentioned in the
sixth stanza, and it came into fashion towards
the end of the reign of Elizabeth, and con-
tinued until November, 1615, the date of the
execution of the notorious Mrs. Turner for par-
ticipation in the poisoning of Sir Thomas Over-
bury. When the Lord Chief Justice Coke sen-
tenced her to death, he ordered that, " As she
was the person who had brought yellow starched
ruffs into vogue, she should be hanged in that
dress, that the same might end in shame and
detestation." Even the hangman who executed
this unfortunate woman was decorated with yellow
ruffs on the occasion.
'•Christmas's Lamentation for ths /owe of hit acquaintance ;
fhotcing hoio he is font t~> have the Countrie, and come to
London.
" Christmas is my name, farre have I gone
Have I gone, without regard ;
Whereas great men by flockes there be flowne,
There be flowne, to London-ward :
There they in pomp and pleasure doe waste
That which oulde Christmas was wonted (o feast.
Well-a-day!
Houses where musicke was wont for to ring,
Nothing but batts and howlets doe sing.
Well-a-day, well-a-day,
Well-a-day, where should I stay ?
'• Christmas beefeand bread is turn'd into stones,
Into stones and silken raggs;
An<l Ladic Money sleepcs and makes rnoare*,
And makes moanes in misers' bag? i
Houses where pleasures once did abound,
Nought but a dogge and a shepherd is found,
Well-a-day!
Places where Christmas revells did keepe,
Now are become habitations for sheepe.
Wcll-a-dny, &c.
" Pan, the shepheard's god, doth deface,
Doth deface Lady Ceres' crown,
And the tillage doth goe to decay,
To decay in every towne ;
Landlords their rents so highly enhance,
That Pierce, tho plowman, barefoot may dance ;
Well-a-day !
Farmers, that Christmas would still cntcrt.-iin,
Scarce have wherewith themselves to maiiitainc,
Well-a-day, &c.
" Come to the countryman, he will protest,
Will protest, and of bull beefe boste ;
And for the citizen he is so hot,
Is so hot he will burne the roste.
The courtier, sure goode deeds will not scorne,
Nor will he see poor Christmas forlorn ! —
Well-a-day!
Since none of these good deeds will doe,
Christmas had best turn courtier too.
Well-a-day, &c.
"Pride and luxury they doe devoure,
Doe devoure hoifse-keeping quite ;
And soon beggary they doe beget,
Doe beget in many a knight.
Madam, forsooth, in her coach must wheele,
Although she weare her. hose out at heele,
Well-a-day !
And on her back weare that for a weed,
Which me and all my fellowes would feed.
Well-a-day, &c.
" Since pride came up with the yellow starch,
Yellow starch poore folks doe want,
And nothing the rich men will to them give,
To them give, but doe them taunt;
For Charity from the country is fled,
And in her place bath nought left but need ;
Well-a-day I
And come is growne to so high a price,
It makes poor men cry with weeping eyes,
Well-a-day, &c.
" Brief ely for to end, here I doe finde,
I doe find, so great vacation,
That most great houses seem to attnine
To attaino a strong purgation :
Where purging pills such effects they have shewed,
That forth of doores their owners have spewed ;
Well-a-day !
And where'er Christmas comes by, and calls,
Nought now but solitary and naked walls.
Well-a-day.
" Philemon's cottage was turn'd into gold,
Into gold, for harbouring Jove :
Kich men their houses up for to keepo,
For to keepe, might their greatnesse move;
But in the city, they say, they doe live,
Where gold by handfulU away they doe give : —
I'le away.
And thither, therefore, I purpose to pass,
Hoping at London to find the golden asse.
I'le away, I'le away,
I'lc away, for here's no stnv,''
S. II. DEC. 20, '6'A]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
433
At the restoration of Charles II., things took a
different turn : many of the good old Christmas
customs were revived, including the "jolly was-
sail bowl." The gentry retired from London to
their respective country seats, and kept open
house, entertaining their tenants and tradesfolks
after the manner of the olden times. In the
Pepysian Collection (vol. i. p. 474), is an old bal-
lad, printed for P. Brooksby, which may be con-
sidered as an answer to the foregoing complaint.
It consists of fifteen stanzas. After giving the
full title, I shall quote a few of the best : —
" Old Christmas returned, or Hospitality revived :
being a Looking-glass for Rich Misers, wherein the}' may
see (if they be not blind) how much they aro to blame
for their penurious house-keeping, and likewise an en-
couragement to those noble-minded gentry who lay out
a great part of their estates in hospitality, relieving such
persons as have need thereof: —
" Who feasts the poor, a true reward shall find,
Or helps the old, the feeble, lame, and blind.
" Tune of the ' Delights of the Bottle.'
" All you that to feasting and mirth are inclin'd ;
Come, here is good news for to pleasure your mind,
Old Christmas is come for to keep open house,
He scorns to be guilty of starving a mouse;
Then come, boyes, and welcome, for dyet the chief,
Plumb-pudding, goose, capon, minc't pies, and roast
beef.
" A long time together he hath been forgot,
They scarce could afford for to hang on the pot ;
Such miserly sneaking in England hath been,
As by our forefathers ne'er us'd to be seen ;
But now he's return'd you shall have in brief,
Plumb-pudding, goose, capon, minc't pies, and roast
beef.
' " The times were ne'er good since old Christmas was fled,
And all hospitality hath been so dead,
No mirth at our festivals late did appear,
They scarcely would part with a cup of March beer ;
But ROW you shall have, for the ease of your grief,
Plumb-pudding, goose, capon, miiic't pies, and roast
beef.
" Although the cold weather doth hunger provoke,
'Tis a comfort to see how the chimneys do smoke;
Provision is making for beer, ale, and wine,
For all that are willing or ready to dine ;
Then haste to the kitchen, for dyet the chief,
Plumb-pudding, goose, capon, minc't pies, and roast
beef.
" All travellers, as they do pass on their way,
At gentleman's halls are invited to stay;
Themselves to refresh, and their horses to rest,
Since that he must be Old Christmas his guest;
Nay, the poor shall not want, but have for relief,
Plumb -pudding, goose, capon, miuc't pies, and roast
beef.
" Now Mock Beggar-hall, it no more shall stand empty,
But all shall be furnisht with freedom and plenty ;
The hoarding old misers, who us'd to preserve
The gold in their coffers, and see the poor starve,
Must now spread their tables, and give them in brief,
Plumb-pudding, goose, capon, minc't pies, and roast
beef.
" Young gallants and ladies shall foot it along,
Each room in the house to the musick shall throng ;
Whilst jolly carouses about they shall pass,
And each country swain trip about with his lass;
Meantime goes the caterer to fetch in the chief,
Plumb-pudding, goose, capon, minc't pies, and roast
beef.
" Then let all curmudgeons who dote on their wealth,
And value their treasure much more than their health.
Go hang themselves up, if they will be so kind,
Old Christmas with them but small welcome shall find ;
They will not afford to themselves, without grief,
Plumb-pudding, goose, capon, minc't pies, and roast
beef."
EDWAKD F. RIMBAULT.
FOLK LORE.
ARERDEENSHIRE FOLK LORE, ETC. — The fol-
lowing particulars, which have been gathered
during a three years' resilience in the north, may
(if similar facts have not already been inserted
with regard to this part of Great Britain) be of
interest to some of the readers of " N. & Q."
On the 2nd of May, the eve of the Invention
of the Holy Cross, it is customary to form crosses
of twigs of the rowan tree, and to place them
over the doors and windows, as a protection
against evil spirits and witches.
All Hallows' Fires are still lit on the eve of
All Saints' festival ; >and baked cakes of a parti-
cular sort are given away on All Souls' Day, to
those who may chance to visit the house where
they are made. The cakes are called " dirge-
loaf."
In certain places the custom of not working
during the three days of Christmas (Old Style) is
still kept up, Presbyterian influence notwith-
standing. Straw, termed "yule straw," is ga-
thered beforehand ; and everything needed for
food and fuel prepared in a similar way, so that
this festival may be kept in peace. The tradition
that the oxen in their stalls, and the sheep in the
fold, kneel down at the midnight of Christmas, is
likewise, by no means uncommon. Cattle generally
get an additional feed on Christmas morning.
At funerals it is a practice for a large lighted
candle to be placed near the corpse on the day of
interment, which must on no account be blown
out, but must be left to burn down and go out
of itself. Another custom is to stop the clock at
the moment of death, and not to set it going
again until the body is carried out of the house
for burial. I myself have met with both of these
customs.
A little fresh earth taken from the open grave
of a child, who has been baptised within a twelve-
month of death, is regarded — if sprinkled on the
flower-plot— as calculated to make the blossoms of
484
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'<» S. II. DEC. 20, '62.
the plants large and handsome. I heard this
within two miles of my present residence.
FREDERICK GKORGB LEE, F.S.A.
Fountain Hall, Aberdeen, N. B.
" READING THE BOMB :" A WESTERN HIGHLAND
SUPERSTITION. — In my store of unpublished Can-
tire Legends (referred to on another page), men-
tion is made, in one of the stories, of an assemblage
on New Year's night, when those present devote
themselves to " Reading the Bone." This bone
is the transparent shoulder-blade of a sheep ; and,
in its faintly-traced lines and marks, future events
are supposed to be indicated to those who have
the skill to " read " them. CUTHBERT BEDB.
THE HIGHLAND FORTUNE-TELLER. — In addition
to " Reading the Bone," the Highland fortune-
tellers, were accustomed to exercise their arts by
" reading dreams," by cup- tossing, and by " read-
ing the palm." The following true anecdote has
never yet appeared in print. About fifty years
ago, the Rev. Dr. Norman MacLeod was minister
of Campbelton, having succeeded Dr. John Smith
in the year 1808. He remained in Campbelton
for sixteen years; and his subsequent eminent
career as the minister of St. Columba, Glasgow,
need not be further alluded to here. He died
only the other day (Nov. 25, 1862,) in the seventy-
ninth year of his age, full of years and honours,
having been appointed one of the Deans of the
Chapel Royal, and receiving the intimate friend-
ship of the Queen and the late Prince Consort.
His eloquence, his "Good Words" and good works,
his contributions to Gaelic literature, and his
labours on behalf of the poor Highlanders during
the two potato-crop famines — these, and many
more than these, are things to be long remem-
bered by his countrymen : and it may truly be
said, that he left his impress on the age in which
he lived. During the sixteen years that he was
minister of Campbelton, Cantire, he did much to
drive away the vain superstitions of the people ;
and was partially successful. On one day, when
he had gone over to Glasgow, he observed a crowd
of Highland reapers standing at the door of a
fortune-teller, and going in one after another to
have their fortunes told. They did not know
him, although he recognised them : for it so hap-
pened that they had come from Morvern, in
Argyllshire ; and Morvern was the Doctor's na-
tive place, where he was born in 1784, and where
his father was the minister for nearly half n
century.
" What are you doing here ? " said the Doctor.
" We arc getting our fortunes told us ; " was
the reply. " Tho fear fiosacha an so. There is a
fortune-teller in here, who tells us our fortunes
for a shilling."
" Silly people ! " cried the Doctor. " Come to
me ! I will tell you your fortunes for nothing.
Come here, you girl, and show me your haml."
She came, and showed him her hand. Ho re-
membered her well ; but he pretended to read
her palm, and then said : " Oh, woman ! you have
had an illegitimate child!" The others knew
this to be the case, and mightily wondered to hear
a stranger tell what was true.
Meantime the Doctor had spied another woman
of whom he remembered something. " Come here
to me," he said, " and I will tell you your fortune."
She would have hung back, but the others
pushed her forward ; and the Doctor caught hold
of her hand, and began to read the palm. At
length he cried : " Oh, woman ! you are worse
.than the other ! You have had two illegitimate
children." Which the rest knew to be the truth.
Then, when they wondered at this, the Doctor
made himself known to them ; and, after giving
them a severe rebuke for their folly in believing
that mortal man could tell their fortunes, sent
them away from the fortune-teller's door both
the richer and the wiser for not having entered it.
CUTHBERT BEDE.
LANCASHIRE. — 1. Hanging out the Broom is a
proverbial expression in Lancashire, as in the
West of England (l§t S. ii. 22), for the absence of
the head of the family.
2. Stirring the Fire (1" S. iii.55.)— My maid,
who comes from the weird neighbourhood of
Fendle, informs me that she has often heard girls
say, on poking the fire, "My sweetheart's coming,"
if it burnt brightly.
3. Fire on New Year's Eve (1" S. iii. 56.) —
My maid also informs me that an unlucky old
woman in her native village, having allowed her
fire to go out on New Year's Eve, had to wait
until one o'clock on the following day before any
neighbour would supply her with a light. This
was before the days of Lucy and lucifers. (The
pun is accidental, pray pardon it.)
4. Proverbs. — (1.) A creaking door hangs long
o' th' hinges.
(2.) There's a hill again a slack all Craven
through. (About equivalent to "Every bean
hath its black.")
(3.) " No, thank you," has lost many a good
buttercake.
(4.) He'll go through th' wood and ta' th'
crammock [crooked stick] at last.
(5.) Candlemas Day come and goiin,
Th' snow lies of a whot stoiin.
(6.) If you willn't when you may,
When you will I'll say you nay.
(7.) Pendle Hill, and Pennygent,
And little Ingleborough, —
You '11 not find three such hills,'
If you search all England thorough !
3rd S. II. DEC. 20, '62.] ".
NOTES AND QUERIES.
485
OXFORDSHIRE. — The following rhyme is re-
peated by children on seeing a rainbow : —
" Eainybow, rainybow,
Cock up your feather!
Please God Almighty,
Send us good weather."
The mother of the little girl who repeated the
above to me, could never be induced to look at
the moon through glass, or over her left shoulder ;
she would only catch sight of it, if possible, out
of doors, and always over her right shoulder.
HERMENTRUDE.
A CHRISTMAS CAROL FOR " N. & Q."
_ Will you accept the following as my contribu-
tion to your Christmas Number : —
MAKE A NOTE, this happy day,
Of its pleasures and its play,
And the frolicsome delight
@f a merry Christmas night.
NOTE again, around the door,
All the hungry and the poor,
Each with hand extended wide
For the dole of Christmas-tide.
QUERY, why are we so glad ?
Why so free to cheer the sad ?
Why so ready to dispense
Smiles and fuel, food and pence ?
Hark ! REPLYING from above,
Angels tell a tale of love :
" Jesus Christ to-day hath birth ;
Praise to God, and peace on earth ! "
JOB J. BARDWELL WORKARD, M.A.
THE YOUNG HERD AND THE KING'S
DAUGHTER.
(/I Western Highland Legend, hitherto unpublished.)
^ During the sixteen months that have elnpsed
since the publication of Glencreggan; or, a
Highland Home in Cantire — in which I gave
upwards of fifty popular stories of the peninsula
of Cantire, South Argyllshire — I have had col-
lectors at work, and by their aid, and by the
kindness of friends, I have now become possessed
of a goodly store of unpublished legends, which,
before another generation has passed away, might
have been partially, if not totally, lost. Cantire
is, at present, beyond the reach of railways, and
but little explored by the tourist, although he
would find there everything to interest him, not
only in its scenery, but also in its antiquities. It
was the first part of Western Scotland where
Christianity took root ; for there St. Columba's
tutor, and then St. Columba himself, preached
the Gospel, before it had been heard in lona,
or in any other part of the Western Highlands
and Islands. It was a chief territory of the Lords
of the Isles, — its soil was the scene of perpetual
feuds and chronic wars, — it was the original seat
of the Scottish monarchy, and its chief town was
the capital of the Scottish kingdom three cen-
turies before Edinburgh had any existence. Its
scenery, too, is as interesting as its history. The
wildness of its heathery hills, and of the confused
pile of mountains that form the dreaded Mull of
Cantire, — against which the Atlantic wave?, after
their three- thousand- mile race, are hurled with a
roar that has been heard (as is said) at the dis-
tance of forty miles, — is agreeably contrasted
with the soft and sylvan scenery of the West
Loch Tarbert ; while its peninsular characteristic,
and its grand backbone of lofty hills — one of
which, the Wild-Boar's Mountain, Beinn-an-
Tuirc, rises to an altitude of 2170 feet — con-
tribute to the formation of a grand series of
pictures, in which sea and mountain are combined
with all the well-known adjuncts of a Highland
scene. Gaelic still holds its own ; and the Cantire
people do not differ from other Western High-
land peasants in their remarkable powers of
memory, as displayed in the recitation of songs
and legends handed down by oral tradition only —
a circumstance that finds its complete parallel in
the Icelanders, the blind bards of modern Greece,
and (according to Max Miiller) in the circum-
stances connected with the early Vedic literature.
The work of collecting such stories is great, and
can only be done by those who are conversant
with Gaelic, and who have the gift of winning
the confidence of the people. Once get an old
West Highlander " in the vein," with a peat fire
well piled up, and a sympathetic auditory
gathered round it, and his tongue will roll out
legends and poems for the livelong-night — more
especially if whiskey is plentiful. The difficulty
is to write down what he says ; for a story-
teller will stumble and break down at the task of
dictation, which destroys the continuity of thought,
and stays the rush of memory. The task, how-
ever, is one that, if it is to be accomplished at all,
must be done now or never. The Highland
story-tellers are specimens of a class that is fast
dying out through the pressure of those new
creations of this railway era which hunt them
out of their far-away nooks, and bring them
within the realms of tourists, newspapers, and
Anglican fashions. Mr. J. F. Campbell, of Islay,
has done a good service in publishing four volumes
of Popular Tales of the West Highlands, in which
he has broken up comparatively new ground, by
introducing to the English reader those stories
and legends of the Western Highlands and Is-
lands, of which we have hitherto known but little
beyond what Mac Pherson's Ossian set before us
in a dressed-up semi-classical shape. But, among
486
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. Di.. . -Jo,
the eighty-six stories printed in Mr. Campbell's
volumes,- there is the very barest mention of Can-
tire. My peninsular collectors and friends have,
therefore, put me in possession of Western High-
land tales and legends which have been hitherto
unpublished, but which I hope to make public
at some future day. For the Christmas Number
of " N. & Q." for 1861, I transcribed from my
store the two popular Cantire stories of " The
King of Cantire, and the Knight of the Croft's
Daughter," and " The Sprightly Tailor and the
Apparition of Saddell." I will now transcribe
another unpublished Cantire story for the pre-
sent Christmas Number of " N. & Q." It Is
evidently the Cantire version of the popular
legend of St. George and the Dragon ; but it has
characteristic features of its own.
THE YOUNG HERD AND THE KING'S DAUGHTER.
A certain Fisherman and his wife had a brave
family of twelve sons ; and they all lived together
in a house by the sea ; and the fisherman fished
every day, and he always caught fourteen fish,
which was one apiece, for they were fourteen in
family. Now it happened on a day, that the
Fisherman and his wife were in the house to-
gether, and their twelve sons were abroad, save
the youngest, who had curled himself up by the
peat fire, and was sitting among the ashes. But,
the man and his wife were not to see him ; and
they talked freely to each other, and gave no
heed to the lad.
" What is it that is on thy mind ? " said the wife.
" I am thinking that I catch a great many fish
every day," said the husband ; " and that if it
were not for our twelve sons, we should have
abundance for ourselves."
" Yes," said she ; " but I have a likely plan
in my head, if thou wilt follow it."
" What manner of plan is it ? " said he.
" It is to put the twelve lads to sleep in the
old kiln," said she ; " and when they have gone to
sleep, then we will set fire to it ; and so we shall
get rid of them all."
" We will do that ! " said he. But they did
not think that their youngest lad was curled up
by the fire, and paying attention to all they said.
Then, at night, the twelve sons of the Fisher-
man were put to sleep in the old kiln, and their
parents went to the house. But the youngest
lad was not for sleeping ; and he woke the
others, and told them what he bad heard when he
was curled up by the peat fire. So they all got
up, and drew away some distance from the kiln ;
and, presently, they saw the kiln all in a blaze ;
so they knew that their parents intended to do
away with them. Then they went away sadly ;
and they walked on till they came to a place
where twelve roads met, and there they sat down,
and consulted together what they should do.
Then said the eldest, " Let us each one take a
road, and go our own way ; and, at tin: end of
seven years, when this day shall come round
ngain, let us all meet in this place, if we are
alive."
They agreed to that ; and they each went their
own way down the twelve roads.
It was days that the youngest lad had travelled
till he got him a master, who employed him to
herd cattle ; and the master was well pleased with
him, and showed him kindness. Now the land
was under spells ; for, every seventh year, there
came a great Dragon, and took away the eldest
daughter of the King of that country ; and the
time was drawing nigh for the Dragon to come ;
and the people were very sorry, for the King's
daughter was fair and amiable, and beloved in
the realm. So the King issued a proclamation,
that nny man who slew this Dragon should get
his daughter to wife, and should be the King's
son-in-law. Many took it in hand to kill the
Dragon ; and among them, the young man the
herd.
On a day, the warriors were all assembled upon
the shore ; for the Dragon was to come swimming
upon the sea ; and the King's daughter was taken
! to the shore to meet him ; for, if she was not
| there to meet him, the Dragon would kill every-
1 one until he could get at the King's daughter.
Then they saw in the distance the Dragon swim-
ming upon the sea ; and he splashed the water
like a great whale, and he roared like a thousand
bulls ; and when they saw him, all the warriors
ran away as fast as they could. Then there were
only the young herd and the King's daughter left
upon the shore.
" I would lay my head in thy lap," said the
young herd.
" Why would 'st thou lay thy head in my lap ? "
said the King's daughter. " The Dragon is
coming, and thou wilt full asleep."
" O let me sleep awhile," said the young herd,
" until the Dragon shall come. And if I do not
awaken in time, thou shalt clip with thy scissors
the top of my little finger."
" Then thou shalt sleep," said she.
So he laid his head in her lap, and went to
sleep. And all this time the Dragon was drawing
nearer; and his splashing was like a thousand
whales, and his roaring like ten thousand bulls.
And when he came close to the shore, the King's
daughter thought it was time to rouse the young
herd. And his head was in her lap, and she
tweaked him many times, and cried, " Wilt thou
not awake! the Dragon is upon us." But he
was sleeping on. Then she saw that he was
under spells ; and she remembered her of her
scissors. So she took them out, and eiip'd the
top of his little finger.
And the young herd awoke; and the Dragon
3rdS. IT. DEC. 20, 'C2.]ir
NOTES AND QUERIES.
was upon them. And be grasped bis sbining
sword, and stood up, and faced the Dragon. It
was a long fight, and it went hard with the young
herd, and bis sword was full of blood.
" I myself would rather die, than that thou
shouldst perish, thou young man ! " said the
King's daughter.
" If I am to get thee to wife, I will be worthy
of thee ? " said the young herd. '
Then they were long at the combat. And the
young herd's sword was for making more blood ;
and be struck it under and over the Dragon, and
thrust it into his heart. And the Dragon's life
went out with a great smoke ; and the young
herd sharpened his sword, and cut off his head.
And when the warriors saw that the Dragon was
dead, they ran back to the shore, and made great
rejoicings that the King's daughter was saved.
And they led her back to the King in triumph,
and told him that the Dragon had been slain.
And the King was glad to get his daughter again.
Now the young herd had gone back to his
flock ; and not a word said he to his master about
the Dragon and the King's daughter.
Then the King asked who it was that had slain
the Dragon. And seven of the warriors drew
nigh ; and they each claimed the King's daughter,
for the slaying of the Dragon.
And the King's daughter gave a laugh, and
she said, " It was none of these. These are the
warriors that fled for safety, because they are
old."
" I perceive, then," said the King, " that these
arc cowards ; and that the Dragon was slain by a
youth."
The King's daughter said that it was even so.
Then all the young men came forward ; but there
was not one among them who had slain the
Dragon, though many said so. Then the King
sent out a proclamation that all the youths in
the realm should come before him. And they
came ; and the young herd was among them.
Then said the King's daughter, " Hold out your
bands ! " and she walked by and looked at them.
And when she came to the young herd, she per-
ceived that the top of bis little finger had been
clip'd. So she said that he was the man ; and
they got themselves married ; and the King made
a great rejoicing.
Now, in the midst of his joy, the young herd
bad well nigh forgotten his promise to his brethren.
So, as the time had nearly come, he got himself
a swift steed, and he rode away till he came to
the spot where the twelve roads divided. And
there be found his eleven brethren, and they were
all weeping, for they thought that the youngest
of them was dead. Then he made himself known
to them, and told them how be had slain a
Dragon, and gotten a King's daughter to wife.
And the brethren told him what had befallen
them ; and they amused each other for some time.
Then they proposed to go and see if their parents
were alive ; but that they would not let them-
selves be known unto them. So they went, and
they found them alive. And their parents told
them, " We had once twelve sons ; but they are
all dead. And since they died, we have never
caught more than two fish whenever we have gone
a fishing." So they left the old people ; and they
came back to the twelve roads ; and each went
his own way ; and the young herd went home to
the King's Daughter. CUTHBERT BEDE.
A NEW VERSION OF " THE HOUSE THAT
JACK BUILT."
The following " Translation " of The House that
Jack Built, taken from a Canadian paper, is really
too good not to be embalmed in " N. & Q." : —
" The Domicile erected by John, translated from the
Vulgate of M. Goose by A. Pope.
" 1. Behold the Mansion reared by d.-cdal Jack.
2. See the Malt stored in many a plethoric sack
In the proud cirque of Ivan's bivouac.
3. Mark how the Rat's felonious fangs invade
The golden stores in John's pavilion laid.
4. Anon with velvet foot and Tarquin strides,
Subtle Grimalkin to his quarry glides,
Grimalkin grim, that slew the fierce rodent,
Whose tooth, insidious, Johann's sackcloth rent!
5. Lo! now the deep-mouthed Canine Foe's assault,
That vexed avenger of the stolen malt,
Stored in the hallowed precincts of that hall
That rose complete at Jack's creative call.
G. Here stalks the impetuous Cow with crumpled horn,
Whereon the exacerbating hound was torn,
Who bayed the feline slaughter-beast that slew
The rat predaceous whose keen fangs ran through
The textile fibres that involved the grain,
Which lay in Han's inviolate domain.
7. Here walks forlorn the Damsel crowned with rue,
Lactiferous spoils from vaccine dugs who drew,
Of that corniculate beast whose tortuous horn
Tossed to the clouds, in fierce vindictive scorn,
The harrying hound whose braggart bark and stir
Arched the lithe spine and reared the indignant fur
Of puss, that with verminicidal claw
Struck the weird rat, in whose insatiate maw
Lay reeking malt that erst in Juan's courts we saw.
8. Robed in senescent garb, that seems in sooth
Too long a prey to Chronos' iron tooth,
Behold the Man whose amorous lips incline,
Full with young Eros' osculative sign,
To the lorn maiden whose lact-albic hands
Drew albulactic wealth from lacteal glands
Of that immortal bovine, by whose horn
Distort to realms ethereal was borne
The beast Catulean, vexer of that sly
Ulvsses quadrupedal, who made die
The old mordaceous Rat that dared devour
Antecedaneous Ale in John's domestic bower.
9. Lo here ! with hirsute honours doffed, succinct
Of saponaceous locks : the Priest who linked
In Hymen's golden bands the torn.unthrift,
Whose means exiguous stared from many a rift,
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3«» S. IL DEC. 20, '62.
Even as he kisied the virgin all forlorn
\Vh<» milked the Cow with implicated horn,
Who in fine wrath the canine torturer skied,
That dared to vex the insidious muricide,
Who let auroral effluence thro' the pelt
Of the sly rat that robbed the place Jack built
10. The loud cantankerous Shanghae comes at last,
Whose shouts arouse the shorn ecclesiast,
Who sealed the vows of Hymen's sacrament
To him who, robed in garments indigent,
Inosculates the damsel lachrymose,
The emulgator of that horned brute morose,
That tossed the dog that worried the cat, that kilt
The rat that ate the malt that lay in the house Jack
built."
CTWBM.
Forth yr Aur, Carnarvon.
AN OLD CHRISTMAS CAROL.
The Ashmolean Museum (Anthony Wood's
Collection) contains several rare little tracts, ap-
pertaining to the present season of the year, which
are worth treble their weight in gold. Among
them are Examination and Trial of Old Father
Christmas, 1655; Christmas Carols, 1642; New
Carols for this Merry time of Christmas, 1661 ;
Christmas Carols, fit also to be rung at Easter ; New
Christmas Carols, 1688, &c.
A Carol, extracted from the brochure of
1661, may not be unacceptable to the readers of
" N- & Q." : —
" All you that in this house be here,
Remember Christ that for us dy'd,
And spend away in modest chere
In loving sort this Christmas tide.
" And whereas plenty God hath sent,
Give frankly to your friends in love ;
The bounteous mind is freely bent,
And never will a niggard prove.
" Our table spread within the hall,
I know a banquet is at hand,
And friendly sort to welcome all
That will unto their ticklings stand.
" The maids are bonny girls I see,
Who have provided much good cheer,
Which at my dame's commandant be
To set it on the table here.
" For I have here two knives in store
To lend to him that wanteth one ;
Commend my wit, good lads, therefore,
That comes now hither having none.
" For if I should, no Christmas pye
Would fall, I doubt, unto my share ;
Wherefore I will my manhood trv,
To fight a battle if I dare.
" For pastry-crust, like castle walls,
Stands braving me unto my face ;
I am not well until it falls,
And I made captain of the place.
" The prunes so lovely look on me,
I cannot chuse but venture on ;
The pye-meat spiced brave I see,
The which I mnst not let alone.
" Then, butler, fill me forth some beer,
My song hath made me somewhat dry ;
And so again to this good cheer,
He quickly falls couragiously.
" And for my master I will pray,
With all that of his household are,
Both old and young, that long we may
Of God's blessings have a share."
KDWAHD F. KIMBAULT.
ffiinat $at**.
THE ENTHRONISATION AT CANTKBBUBY. —
While the published account of the Enthronisation
of the Archbishop of Canterbury is fresh in recol-
lection, it may be well to notice any particulars
in which the mode of conducting so important a
ceremony is open to remark or explanation.
And first arises the question whether a formal
act of tradition or investiture can be repeated, in
the same form of words ? It appears that this
act, having been performed in what is usually
called the Throne, in the choir, was performed
again in the chair of St. Augustine, in one of the
transepts. And further, that the Archbishop was
then placed in the Dean's Stall in the choir, where
he remained to the end of the service.
Now, whatever be the probable antiquity of
Saint Augustine's chair, there can be no doubt
that it was made after the model of the marble
chairs which remain in several of the oldest
churches in Rome ; — that it had the same posi- •
tion which these invariably have, namely, against
the wall behind the high altar ; and that, so
placed, this is the true episcopal chair, cathedra,
or throne, the possession of which should carry
with it the rights and prerogatives of the pri-
macy of all England. With the present arrange-
ment of this part of the church, it is evident that
such a position for the chair cannot now be ob-
tained ; but, as a change in ancient practice, the
effect of its removal deserves a passing word.
Again : Why in the Dean's Stall? If the fore-
going be a correct view of the subject, the proper
place of the throne being within the Sacrarium,
that which we popularly call the " Throne," how-
ever distinguished by its architectural richness
and proportions, is in fact the Archbishop's or
Bishop's Stall in the choir. And how is the in-
tegrity of the choir preserved during the service,
if the Dean be not in his accustomed seat ?
A. T.
OLD PROVEBB. — To one whom it is wished to
hurry on his way, I have generally heard the pro-
verbial injunction given, " not to allow the grass
to grow tinder his feet;" but my man-servant, a
native of Wales, renders it, " not to allow the
grass to grow over his feet" — which is much more
in accordance with natural laws. M. D.
3fd S. II. DEC. 20, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
489
SINGULAR PREDICTION. — I copy a paper which
I have found, but of which I can give you no ex-
planation. My idea is, that I translated it some
years ago from a Latin original. It is sufficiently
curious to be interesting, and probably some of
your readers will recognise it.
" FROM THE PROGNOSTICATION OF THE BLESSED
VINCENTIUS.
(From an old parchment MS. written more than a hundred
years before this time.)
" When thou sbalt see the first cow bellow in the
church of God, then shall it begin to go lame ; but when
thou shalt see three signs, viz. an eagle joined to a ser-
pent, and a second cow bellow in the Church, then shall
be times of tribulation : for then shall be called from the
West a certain King by the second cow and the serpent,
who shall la}' waste the kingdom of asses ; and when the
prey is partly sent away he shall scarcely return to his
place : When he is dead there shall rise up an adulterous
boar, who shall drive out the serpent and the cow from
their resting places. Woe then to those who inhabit
Liguria and Emilia, for they shall see what they cannot
avoid, and there shall be a schism in the Church of God ;
and two popes — the one elected, and the other schis-
matic— who shall drive the true pope into exile among
the Venetians ; and the Church of God shall be taken
possession of by force. There shall enter Italy three
most powerful armies, one from the west, another from
the east, and the third from the north, who shall fight
together, and the shedding of blood shall be great as
ever was since the beginning of the world in Italy : and
the eagle shall seize the adulterous king, and shall sub-
ject everything by force and fear, and there shall be a
new reformation in the world. Woe then to them that
bear the tonsure. And the Mahometans shall cease."
B. H. C.
THE PARIS PRESS. — The following Note may
perhaps be worth recording as an illustration of
the manner in which the expression of public
feeling is controlled in France.
Galignanfs Messenger (which always contains
copious extracts from the English papers), says,
on Saturday, Nov. 22, 1862 : —
" Several of the Paris journals appear without any
original observations, and in general the articles which
are given are so devoid of interest as not to call for
extract or special notice."
And this was at the time when the Gramont-
Caderousse and Dillon duel was exciting in the
mind of every one, out of France, the greatest
indignation ; and the case of the miserable Rosalie
Doise creating intense feelings of horror.
The Times had vigorous articles on both these
subjects, and well might the Paris Correspondent
of that journal add : —
" If the Paris papers would now and then, were it only
for the sake of variety, descend from their sublime specu-
lations about 'nationalities' and the destinies of the
Latin races to topics nearer the earth — the case of Rosalie
Doise, and others like it— it would not derogate from
their lofty character. The Siech is, I believe, the only
paper that has said a few words on the subject, and that
in passing."
I visited the Library of St. Genevieve, and
there observed that every table was occupied by
readers. But is the result of all this reading only
the novels that now crowd the booksellers'
shops ? Or is thought only " bottled up " for
some future occasion ? Do " no original obser-
vations " indicate contentment : a belief in the
perfection of all the social institutions of France ;
or that passive obedience, the result of force,
which may put a gag upon the mouth, but cannot
hinder the workings of the brain ? CLARRY.
Paris, Nov. 1862.
DRAWING TH« FOUR ACES. — Some years ago I
was one of four whist-players, who, in drawing
cards for partners before playing, each drew an
ace.
If four persons were to play at whist every
night (Sundays excepted), they qould not, accord-
ing to the doctrine of probabilities, expect a re-
petition of the same combination in drawing for
partners, unless their lives were prolonged to the
antediluvian length of about nine hundred years.
I have never heard of an instance similar to the
above ; in which it was, moreover, a greater satis-
faction that the cards drawn were aces, than if
they had been of any other value. The ace being,
decidedly, the principal card of its suit.
A. M. W.
BIBLE OP 1611. — Some months ago, I gave 10.?.
for a copy of the first authorised Bible of 1611,
folio, black-letter. It was found amongst the
effects of a blacksmith, after his death. I have
since paid 6s. more to have the leaves re-fixed in
the (apparently) original leather binding, in which
appear the remains of brass clasps. From an
article in " N. & Q." (1st S. x. 97), my copy is
one of the second issue of the said year 1611. But
it is defective in several places ; and I wish to
display its defects to the reading world. As
thus —
The commencement is lost, the book beginning with
leaf B 2. " To the Reader." First words, " vfe them."
One leaf, being C 5 in the Calendar, is gone, being Sep.
and Oct.
G g, in 2 Sam., missing. Last word, " Ahitho-" [phel] ;
first word, " LORD."
Leaf preceding H h : last word, " thy " ; first of next
leaf, " thou."
Fff f lost; being end of Hosea, and commencement of
Joel. Last word, " there"; first, "doe."
Mem. The Apocrypha ends with C c c c c 6. The title-
page of the New Testament is perfect, bearing the date
1611. This leaf would be A; for the next, beginning
St. Matthew, is A 2.
E, in St. Mark, is gone. Last word, " Jn," or "In";
first, " 24. And."
M, in Acts, missing. Last word, "CnAp."; first on
M 2, " both."
490
NOTES AND QUERIES.
"» S. II. DEC. 20, 'G2.
X 3 and X 4 lost. Last word, " hee " ; first, " 12. But."
Mem. Z 5 is the last leaf in the book. All after Eeve-
ation, v. 4, is gone.
After stating thus much, I should wish to know
whether these missing parts are procurable ? And
secondly, whether the book is worth the expense
of making it a perfect copy ? P. HUTCHINSON.
MODERN WRITER ALLUDED TO BY BOILEAU. —
" M. Boileau admires in the ancient the comparison of
his hero to an ass, obstinate under the sticks of the boys;
but has no mercy for the modern, whose people, in a fiery
shower, twitch and scratch themselves like a dog bitten
by fleas." — Introduction to a Translation of the Third
hook of Lucan, in Poems by various* Hands. London,
1728.
The ancient of course is Homer. Who is the
modern, and in which of Boileau's works shall we
find the passage ? M. S. W.
" HISTORY OF THE CITY OP CORK." — Can you
inform me whether the late Mr. Thos. Crofton
Croker compiled a " History of the City of Cork,"
and if so, where the MS. is deposited ? Such a
work, as I am aware, was never published. I
have several of Mr. Croker's MSS., and amongst
them a " Proposed Outline for a History of the
City of Cork," dated 12th September, 1818. To
judge from this document, the work would have
been very comprehensive.
I have likewise some MS. collections for a
" History of Kilmallock," by the same writer. I
am under the impression that, besides what ap-
peared in his Researches in the South of Ireland,
Mr. Croker printed, for private circulation, His-
torical Illustrations of Kilmallock ; but I have
never seen the book, nor is any mention made of
it in Bohn's edition of Lowndes' Manual. Was
it printed ? Amongst the papers, there is a cha-
racteristic letter from Robert Lemon, Esq., sen.,
of the State Paper Office, dated 12th August,
1829, respecting the death of" the Arch-Traitor
Desmond." ABHBA.
LORD DUNDREARY. — Whence comes the title of
Lord Dundreary ? Has it any connection with
O'Keefe's song in The Castle of Andalusia f —
" A master I have, and I am his man,
Galloping, dreary dun;
And he'll get a wife as fast as he can,
With a haily/gaily, gatnbo raily ;
Gipglinp, nfggling,
Galloping galloway, draggle tail, dreary dun."
Is there any meaning in the latter three lines ?
Or are they merely rattling alliterative non-
sense ? D.
BALTHAZAR GEHBIKR. — Walpole, in his Anec-
dotes of Painting, in speaking of Sir Balthazar
Gerbier, says in a note : —
"While in Spain, he drew the Infanta in miniature,
•which was sent over to King James.''
Walpole's authority for his first statement is
evidently a letter from the Duchess of Bucking-
ham to the Duke when at Madrid, but I am
unacquainted with the authority for his second
statement, that "it was sent over to King James."
I should therefore feel greatly obliged if you, Mr.
Editor, or any reader of "N. & Q." could furnish
me with it. \- U.
HATTON AND STANSFELD FAMILIES. — Cun any
of your numerous readers inform me of an alliance
between the families of Hatton and of Stansfeld ?
The latter had been seated at Stansfeld Hall, in
the West Riding of Yorkshire, since the Conquest.
At Heptonstall chapel, in this neighbourhood, is a
window bearing the date 1508, containing tho
arms and quarterings of Stansfeld. Among the
latter are azure, a chevron between three garbs
or, which Whitaker says are for Hatton ; but
unless some proof can be given of a marriage
between these two families, I am inclined to think
that they are for Feld or Field, notwithstanding
that the ground differs from the arms confirmed
to John Field of this neighbourhood in 1558,
which were sable, a chevron between three garbs
argent. At this early period different branches of
a family sometimes varied the colouring of the
shield, and the Felds of Hampshire (who probably
claimed a similar origin to those of Yorkshire)
bore azure, three garbs argent, the ground being
identical with that in the window. A branch of
the Felds or Fields were seated at Croston, within
a mile or so of Stansfeld Hall about the time this
window was inserted. Robert Feld died there in
1525, and William Feld in 1530. O. F.
HOIAROOD HOUSE. — In the Second Series of
the Autobiography and Correspondence of Mrs.
Delany,-vo\. i. p. 171, there is a letter from that
lady to her niece, Miss Dewes, dated 4th October,
1768, in which she says : —
" I must again desire you not to give a copy of the
verses of ' Holyrood House,' for I was not to take one ;
they are fine and affecting, but I have not kept a copy.
The author was a Sir Gilbert Eliot, and he gave them
with an injunction they should not be given away, so I
am sure you will be true to j'our trust"
It is added in a foot-note, that this Sir Gilbert
Eliot was " father of the celebrated General Eliot,
created Lord Heathfield."
Can you or any of your readers say whether
these verses were ever published ; and if so, where
any copy of them is to be found ? The proper
spelling of the name of Lord Heathfield's family
is Elliot, not Eliot, as given by Mrs. Delany. S.
Edinburgh.
JORDAN HILT,. — This is a name, I believe, of
frequent occurrence ; two instances of it in my
own county I am aware of, and there % may be
more. Will some learned etymologist be kind
enough to suggest a plausible derivative for the
prefix ? Is it the corrupt reading of a Celtic or
Roman appellation ? Such an etymology must be
i S. II. DEC. 20, '62.1
NOTES AND QUERIES.
491
generally as well as specifically applicable, there-
fore it will be necessary to take into considera-
tion the physical or historical peculiarities of
many of the so-named localities. In the two
instances, to which I have alluded, the hills have
streams flowing at their foot ; one of them in
addition having the sea open in front; both are
associated with the discovery of Roman remains,
which in one are of an extensive and peculiar
character. W. W. S.
MEDIAEVAL SYMBOL. — I shall be glad if any of
the readers of " N. & Q." can inform me of the
signification of the lion's head, with tongue pro-
truded, often found on medifeval seals, and why,
in the arms of the see of Hereford, three of these
symbols, crowned with fleurs-de-lis, are fantasti-
cally reversed^ or turned upside down. M. D.
CAPT. HENRY PARRY. — Wanted information
respecting the family of Capt. Henry Parry, who
served under Lord Rodney in the West Indies,
and died there in 1783. FREDERICK DUNSFORD.
Liverpool.
POLVARTIST. — Whilst walking along a back
street in Edinburgh a short time since, my atten-
tion was struck by a sign board over a house,
with the words, "John Howeli, Polvartist" on it.
Never having heard of the word polvartist before,
I searched in several dictionaries, but could not
find it ; so I had the curiosity to go back to the
house, and ascending the narrow staircase, I
knocked at Mr. Howeli's door, and found him
sitting by the fireside. From him and his grand-
children I obtained the information that the
family was of Welsh extraction, and that his pro-
fession formerly was to clean pictures ; but that
he was now long past work on account of his great
age. Have any of the readers of " N. & Q." ever
seen or heard of the word before ? I suppose it is
derived from pulvis, Lat., dust. N. MACKIE.
Edinburgh.
QUOTATIONS. — Where can I find the following
quotations : —
" Earth could not bold us both, nor can one heaven
Contain my deadliest enemy and me."
" When all the blandishments from life are gone,
The coward slinks to death — the brave live on ! "
" la solemn psalms, and silver litanies."
" We are not worst at once ; the course of evil
Begins so slowly, and from such slight source,
An infant's hand might stop the breach with clay:
But let the stream grow wider, and Philosophy —
Aye, and Religion too — may strive in vain
To stem the headlong current."
" Be the day weary, or never so long,
At length it ringeth to evensong."
H. P. HOWARD.
Belton, Great Yarmouth.
Who is the author of the following pretty lines,
which I met with the other day in my reading,
marked as a quotation ? —
" O bold and true,
In bonnet blue,
That fear or falsehood never knew ;
Whose heart was loyal to his word,
Whose hand was faithful to his sword —
Seek Europe wide from sea to sea,
But bonny Blue-cap still for me."
OXONIENSIS.
In the Picture Gallery at the Crystal Palace
there is a picture, " The Antiquarian's Story,"
with the following lines inscribed on it . —
" Still would she linger in his father's house,
And feign an interest in the old man's tales
In hopes of hearing of his absent son."
Who is the author of these lines, and where are
they to be found ? J. HOGGE DUFFY.
"And grocers dwell where Mowbrays dwelt before."
Whence ? Z.
ROOD COAT. — In the accounts of the church-
wardens of St. Martin's parish, Leicester, under
date of 1553, there is —
" Recevid of Richarde Dane, for (amongst other things)
the Rowd Cotct ----- xxxiij" iiijd."
And again, in the first year of Mary's reign,
there is a payment for " a Roode Cote."
Query, What was a rood coat ? I think not
the hangings about the rood loft. T. NORTH.
Southfields, Leicester.
ROMAN AND SAXON ANTIQUITIES. — Having
made a small collection of Roman and Saxon an-
tiquities, I find those composed of iron are con-
tinually throwing out small globules of moisture,
which burst and scatter their contents over the
mounts, and other objects placed near them. I
should be much obliged, if any one conversant
with antiquities, could inform me whether there
is any means of preventing this, either by coating
the object with varnish or otherwise. Also, is it
advisable, previously to mounting bronze objects,
such as fibulas, to remove the larger patches of
corrosion, or the remains of the iron acus that may
adhere to them ? SCIENIS.
SKIPTON ARMS. — In Gutch's continuation of
Wood's Antiquities of the University of Oxford
(1786) p. 94, it is said, that, on the south side of
the library in Baliol College, the first window was
given by Robert Skyptown, wherein are his arms,
surrounded with the words, " Conditor ecce mei
Skyptown Ricarde fuisti." Now, what are the
arms ? When did Richard Skypton live, and what
is known of him ? Some of your Oxford readers
may be able to answer this. CHEVRON.
VIOLIN : RUGGIEHI. — I should be obliged by
any information respecting Ruggieri or Ruggie-
rius, a maker of very fine instruments about the
time of Straduarius. I believe he was a native
either of Cremona or Milan, E. C,
492
NOTES AND QUEKIES.
[3r< P. IL DBG. 2
WORSHIPFUL, o» RIGHT WORSHIPFUL. — From
time immemorial the mayor of Preston has been
styled " worshipful ;" but during our great fes-
tival, the Guild, the mayor assumed, or was
granted by somebody or other, the title of " Right
Worshipful;" and the higher prefix, if it be a
higher one, is continued to and by the mayor of
the present year. Most other boroughs are satis-
lied with the title of "Worshipful," but I have
noticed in some ancient cities and boroughs the
term " Right Worshipful " used. As there must,
I presume, be a right and a wrong in the matter,
I should like to know whether the ancient or the
modern custom is correct ? PRESTONIAN.
MORCELLI. — There is a note of one of my pre-
decessors in this place, highly prizing a 4to book
which he had purchased about the commence-
ment of the present century at Swinburne's sale,
entitled Morcellus de Stylo Inscriptionum Latina-
rum. It contains a variety of ancient and modern
inscriptions, with a copious commentary on each.
Is anything known of the author, who is not noticed
in Watt's Bibliotheca f The book was published
at Rome without date ; but, from passages in it,
I infer it to be between 1780 and 1790. It is styled
" Commentarium egregium cedro dignissimum "
by authorities quoted in the preface. Mine is a
presentation copy, in which Morcellus, who had
studied so many Latin inscriptions, gives a speci-
men of his own : —
" Marthas Swinburne,
Matronaa Clurissim:«
Munusculum ab auctore
Qui majora debet."
Possibly some of your correspondents may in-
form me who Martha Swinburne was, as well as
the author Morcellus, who was so much extolled
by his literary contemporaries.
THOMAS E. WIHNINQTON.
Stanford Court, Worcester.
[A good account of Stefano Antonio Morcelli will be
found in G. Corniani's Secoli delta Letteratura Italiana,
ii. 580-1 ; and there is also a separate biography by G.
Baraldi, 8ro, Modena, 1825. Morcelli was born at Chiari
near Brescia, in North Italy, Jan. 17, 1737, and lived to
Jan. 1, 1821, thus nearly completing his eighty-fourth year.
He passed a great part of his life in his native town,
where the inhabitants regarded him as their " benefice
Padre," and honoured his memory by a "magnifico mo-
numento in marmo di Carrara." He was celebrated as an
antiquary, and his works, in number twenty-three, are
enumerated by Baraldi, pp. 75-83. His work De Stilo
is dated by Baraldi 1781 — Martha Swinburne was the
wife of Henry Swinburne, the celebrated traveller. In
1771 they both visited the continent, in order to indulge
their taste for the fine arts and antiquities. They spent
six years in France, Spain, Italy, and Germany, during
which time they formed an intimacy with some of the
most celebrated literati of those countries, and received
many singular marks of esteem and favour from
sovereigns of the courts they visited. In 1780 M
Swinburne was admitted " a lady of the Croix K;
Order founded in the eighteenth century for noble worn
The library of Henry Swinburne was sold by Leigh
Sotheby in 1802, when the most interesting articles wen
purchased by his brother. Vide Nichols's Literary Anec-
dotes, ix. 157, and European Magazine, viii. 243. The
latter contains a portrait of Henry Swinburne.]
SIE FRANCIS DRAKE'S SHIP. — Sir Francis
Drake's little ship, of one hundred tons, was, on
his return from circumnavigating the globe, and
after an absence of two years and ten months,
drawn up in a little creek near Deptford, there to
be preserved as a monument of the most memor-
able voyage that the English had ever yet per-
formed. I shall be glad to know if this " little
ship " is still preserved,'or any fragment of it. Or,
if not, how was it ultimately disposed of?
F. FITZ-HERRT.
[According to tradition, Sir Francis Drake's littl
vessel, the " Golden Hind," in which he circumnavigate*
the globe, was, by the express command of Queen Eliza-
beth, to be for ever preserved as a memorial of her great
admiral's daring and skill ; but' it would seem, notwith-
standing, that no particular care was taken of it until it
was reduced to a "skeleton " (Hasted's Kent, i. 2), which
was then laid up in the Mast-Dock, near Sayes Court,
Deptford. Philipott ( Villare Cantianum, fol. Lond. 1659,
p. 100), says: "In a short time afterwards nothing was
left of her." A fragment, however, of this celebrated craft
was formed into a chair, which was presented to the Uni-
versity of Oxford by John Davies, Esq., and is now in
the Picture Gallery at the Bodleian. It is memorialised
by the poet Cowley in the following lines: —
" To this great ship, which round the world has run,
And match'd in race the chariot of the sun ;
This Pythagorean ship (for it may claim.
Without presumption, so deserved a name) ;
By knowledge once, and transformation now,
In her new shape, this sacred port allow.
Drake and his ship could not have wished from Fate
A happier station, or more blest estate.
For lo ! a seat of endless rest is given
To her in Oxford, and to him in Heaven."]
DARLEY. — Who was George Darley, and of
what is he the author beside the Introduction to
Moxon's edition of Beaumont and Fletcher ?
R. R.
[George Darley was a native of Ireland, and in hi*
youthful days connected himself with the London Maga-
zine, and latterly was a frequent contributor to The Athe-
nu-um. In addition to his fugitive articles in periodicals,
he was the author of two or three small popular treatises
on mathematics and astronomy, as well as of some ex-
quisite descriptive and lyric pieces. He died on Nov. 23,
1846. A biographical "account of him, with nearly a
complete list of his productions, will be found in the
Gent. Mag. for Jan. 1847, extracted from TheAtheiueum.]
BONIFACE. — This name is often applied to pub-
lirans. Can the origin and reason of this sobri-
\ quet be explained P D. B.
[Probably from the legend mentioned in the Ebrletatis
\ Encomium, that Pop« Boniface instituted indulgences for
S. II. DEC. 20, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
493
those who should drink a cup after grace to his own
memory or that of the Pope for the time being, which
cup is proverbially called S. Boniface's Cup. See " N. & Q."
2'»i S. iii. 188.]
" HOIGH DE LA ROT." — Wanted, the origin
and meaning of this expression, used by Tusser
in the line —
" A whip for a carter is hoigh de la roy."
(Husbandry Furniture, stanza 13, 1. 4.)
W. I. S. HORTON.
[Dr. Mavor, in his edition of Tusser, 4to, 1812, p. 13,
explains Hoi de la roi as a cant term for "just as it
should be." Can the phrase be a corruption of the French
" oie du roi " ? " Qui a plume I'oie du roi, cent ans apres
il en rend la plume."]
OFFER'S "DESCRIPTION OF ORCHESTON ST.
GEORGE AND ELSTON." — This book is not in the
British Museum. Can any one tell me where it
is to be had ? F. FITZ-HENHY.
[The Rev. John Offer assisted Sir Richard Colt Hoare
in The Modern History of South Wiltshire, and the de-
scription of Orcheston St. George with Elston will be
found in the Hundred of Heytesbury in vol. i. p. 178.
This work is in the Reading Room of the British Museum,
press 206-1 f.]
" HISTOIRE MONASTIQUE u'lRELANDE," printed
at Paris, in 1790. — Who was the author of this
interesting work ? It consists of 400 pages, with
Index ; and its imprimatur is granted to " Louis
Augustin Allemand, Avocat au Parlement ;" but
from its accurate account of Irish localities, &c.,
I suspect it was written by an Irishman.
WILLIAM FRAZER.
[By Louis-Augustin Alemand. Nourelle IJiographie
Generale, i. 755 ; and Barbier, Dictionnaire.~\
Krgltaf.
KING ALFRED'S JEWEL.
(2nd S. vi. 46, 78, 233, 312, 357.)
The usual interpretation of the Anglo-Saxon
inscription —
" XELFRED MEE HEHT EEVVREXN,"—
that surrounds this jewel, is —
" Alfred commanded me to be made."
A different explanation has, however, been
given by a learned Flemish philologist, M. Louis
de Baecker, who thinks the translation ought to
be — "Alfred has made me." The word heht of
the original, he says, is equivalent in Flemish to
the third person singular of the present of the in-
dicative of the auxiliary verb het, to have ; which
becomes hed, or hedde, in the dialect of Brabant
and Limbourg. That King Alfred worked with
his own hands at various arts, for the purpose of
improving his rude subjects, is stated by various
authors. Henry says that Alfred the Great, hav-
ing received some precious stones from India,
polished them and formed them into jewels;
some of which were still found in the cathedral of
Sherburn, when William of Malmesbury wrote
the history of the Bishops of that See. Alfred
also taught his people how to make lanterns of
wood and transparent horn ; and his invention
was so successful, that lanterns soon became ob-
jects of luxury.
M. de Baecker resides in a city (Ghent), " which
was founded," he says, " by the son of an Anglo-
Saxon king ; and, down to the eleventh century,
Anglo-Saxon missionaries came to preach the
Gospel in their native tongue to the inhabitants
of our coasts, which old authors called by the
name ofLiltus Saxonicus" As a proof of the resem-
blance existing between the Anglo-Saxon and
the Flemish, M. de Baecker gives the following
passage from King Alfred's own history of St.
Willebrod, in juxtaposition with a translation in
the Flemish of the present day. An English
translation is added. St. Willebrod was the holy
Anglo-Saxon missionary who evangelised Flan-
ders and Friesland, preached on the coasts where
Gravelines now stands, and founded a chapel
there, around which some fishermen collected.
This chapel bore his name, as well as the village
which surrounded it, down to the twelfth century.
Anylo- Saxon.
" Wilbrod was coman in Frisena land, and ne wolde
tham theodum godspell to laeranne, and mid thy the
deofolgild to wurpe."
Flemish.
" Wilbrod was e"comen in Friesland, enne wilde an de
heiden godspelling leeren, en mit die de duvelsgilde uit-
werpen." »
English (literal).
" Wilbrod was come in Friesland, and would to the
heathen gospel teach, and with it the devil's guilds cast
out."
J. MACRAY.
GREAT TOM OF OXFORD.
(3rd S. ii. 369, 439.)
I wish to add to my former communication,
that the present bell is the only one ever placed
over the Christ Church gateway, having been cast
in 1680-1, the year I believe in which that Cam-
panile was finished by Wren on the substructure
raised by Wolsey. Loggan, in his Oxonia Illus-
trata, published 1673, gives a view of its unfinished
state at that time. But there were other Toms
at Christ Church before the present one.
A. A. has quoted the names of the bells taken
from Oseney Abbey, and set up in the tower of
St. Frideswode. For many years they were the
"Bonny Christ Church Bells— 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,"
celebrated in words and notes by Dean Aldrich ;
the other bells were added to the peal 1628, that
being the date on the now 1st and 2nd. Two of
the peal are pre-Reformation bells, both bearing
494
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"> S. II. DEC. 20,
the same founder's marks; and as one is called
Johannes, both may be original Oseneys.
The first Thomas taken from the demolished ab-
bey was also placed in the same tower, now Christ
Church Cathedral (see Ingram's Memorials of
0X0H.), but meeting with some catastrophe, to
which all bells are liable, he had to be broken up
and recast ; he was drawn to his new locality by
" engines on rollers." Richard Corbet, who was
celebrated as a wit and a poet, has left us a
poem giving an account of what he calls Yonge
Tom, which may well be recorded in the pages
of " N. & Q.," and therefore I annex it.
Corbet proceeded M.A. in 1605 ; he became
Dean of Christ Church, 1620; and Bishop of Nor-
wich, 1629. His name appears on the fifth bell of
St. Mary's, Oxon, 1612, as "Junior Proctor."
Five was a usual number for a parish peal, and as
the present sixth, or tenor, is dated 1639 (too late
for Corbet's poem), the probability is, that the
bell which records his name 1612, was recast in
the place of " St. Marie's tenor," which he repre-
sents in his poem to have been "choaked with
envie " the very day Yonge Tom was cast. So
that we thus get at a probable date of the casting
of Yonge Tom. But he also came to grief, and
the present Tom was cast from what remained of
him, with more additional metal, and called Thomas
Clusius.
A. A. thinks seven must have been a queer
number for a peal ; but that was a canonical num-
ber for a cathedral and abbey (see lloccha, De
Campanis.)
Though there was plenty of pealings in those days,
there was no setting the bells up nor any change-
ringing. " A peal" then was any length of ring-
ing—a little above stock-level, and kept there a
certain time and then ceased ; and each time of
this repetition was called a peal. This explains
what Smyth states in his Lives of the Berkcleys,
p. 165, that in 1500, at the funeral of Lady
Isabella, they rung " at St. Michael's thirty-three
peals ; at St. John's thirty-three peals ; at Trinity
thirty peals; at Babylike, because it was so high,
fifty-seven peals."
The bells were not set up, for there was no
pally ; the ringers held the rope by the end as
they do now where the old half-wheel is still used.
In earlier days there was a ring at the rope's end
for the hands.
"To YONOE TOM.*
" Bee dum you infant Chimes, thump not the mettle
That nere outrange a tinker and his Kettle.
Cease all yore petty larums, for to-day
Yonge Tom's resurrection is from the clay.
[• These lines on Great Tom arc printed in Corbet's
Poems, edited by Octavius Gilchrist, 8vo, 1807, p. 200 ;
but our correspondent's version from the Ashmolean M S.
contains twenty-four extra lines, with many variations.
—En.]
And know when Tom shall ringe his loudest
The big'st of you'll be thought but Dinner Bells.
Old Tom's growne yonge againe — the fiery cave
Is now his cradle that was erst his grave.
Hee grewe upp quickly from his mother earth,
For all you see is not an howre's birth :
Looke on him well — my life I dare engage,
You nere caw preteyer babie of his age.
Some take his measure by the rule— some by
The Jacob's staffe take his profundilie :
And some his altitude; some bouldly sweare
Yonge Tom's not like the olde; but Tom, neru fear
Trie Criticke Geometrician's lyne,
If thou as loude as ere thou didst ringe nyne.
Tom did noe sooner peepe from under ground
But straight St. Marie's * tenor lost his soundr.
Oh how his Maypole's founder's hart did swell
With full moone sydes of joy, when that crackt bell,
Choaked with envie, and his admiration,
Runge like a quart pott to the Congregation.
Myles t, what's the matter? Belles thus out of i
I hope St. Marye's Hall wont longe forbeare.
You Cockscombe-pate, the Clocke hanges dumbe i
towre,
And knowes not that foure quarters makes an howre.
Now Broutet \ joyes ringe out, the Churlish Cur
Nere laughes aloude till great belles catch the ruiir.
This Bel! is proude and hopes noe other,
But that in'time hee shal be greate Tom's brother :
Thou art wise if this thou wishest : bee it soe.
Let one henn hatch you both ; for thus much know,
Hee that can cast great Christchurch Tom so well,
Can easily cast St. Marye's greatest bell,
Kejoyce with Christchurch — looke higher Oseney,
Of Gyante Belles the famous treasury :
The base vast thunderinge Clocke of Westminster
Grave Tom of Linconne — Hugh Excester —
Are but Tom's eldest brothers, and perchance
Hee may call cozen with the bell of Ffrance.
Nere greive, old Oseney, at thy heavy fall.
Thy reliques build thec up againe : they all
Florish to thy glory : thy sole fame
When thou art not will keepe great Oseney's name.
This Tom was infant of thy mightie steeple,
Yet hee is lord controwler of a people.
Tom lately went his progresse, and lookt ore
What hee nere saw in many yeares before.
But when hee saw the old foundation, §
And little hope of separation,
He burst with greife, and lest hee should not hav
Due pomp, hee's his owne bellman to the grave ;
And that there might of Tom bee still strange mentiir
He carried to the grave a ncwe invention :
The}' drew his browne bread face on pretty gines,|l
And made him stalke upon two rowlinge pinnes.
But Sander Hill *f swore twice or thrice by heaven,
lice nere sate such a loafe into the oven.
But Tom did Sanders, his Cyclops maker,
As much as hee did Sander Hill the baker.
Therefore loude thunderinge Tom bee this thy pride,
When thou this motto shall have on thy side-
(2Vbte* in tfie oriyinal 3IS.)
• " The very day that Tom was cast, St. Marie's ten
was burst in a peale."
t " The Clarke of the Universsitie."
j " The name of the Bel-caster."
§ " Christ Church." Qy. Of the Gateway ?
[j Engines.
T "Christ Church Butler,"
S. 11. DEC. 20, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
' Great World, one Alexander conquered thee,
But two as mightie men scarce conquered inee.'
Brave constant spirit, none could make thee turne,
Though hanged, drawne, quartered, till they made thee
burne,
Yet not for this nor tenn times more be sory
Synst thou wast martyred for the Churches glorie.
But for thy meritorious sufferinge .
Thou shortly shalt to heaven goe in a stringe:
And though wee grieve when ,thou wast thumpt and
bangd,
We all bee glad (Great Tom) to see thee hanged."
Ashm. MS. 36 and 37, fol. 200-1.
H. T. ELLACOMBE, M.A.
Keclory, Clyst St. George, Devon.
SIR ROGER DE COVERLET.
(3ra S. ii. 286, 358.)
The question which I raised, whether Addison
really took the name of his model Country Gen-
tleman from that of an old dance, is answered
by a communication that has been kindly made to
me by DR. RIMBAULT. He has referred me to a
book (of which he possesses a copy), entitled —
" The Division Violin : containing a Choice Collection
of Divisions to a Ground for the Treble Violin. Being
the first Musick of the kind ever published. London.
Printed by J. P., and are sold by John Playford, near the
Temple Church, 1685," obi. 4to.
On p. 10 is the tune of "Roger of Coverly."
It is substantially the same as the tune now
known as " Sir Roger de Coverley," but is very
different in notation and character. DE. RIM-
BAULT has no hesitation in pronouncing it to be as
old as the reign of Elizabeth. There is, there-
fore, no longer any doubt that the name was
suggested to Addison by this favourite tune, but
at the same time it was modified by the applica-
tion of de. " Roger of Coverly," in the eye of
t the composer of the dance, had been evidently a
country clown, a Roger or Hodge who still went
by a local designation, as in days of yore, and was
plain Roger of Coverly. Addison had in view a
character equally plain and unsophisticated ; one
ready to enter with cordial sympathy into all the
happiness of his fellow-creatures : but he was to
be a gentleman of ancient standing and descent;
and withal of a primitive model, like the subject
of the favourite ballad — A good old English gen-
tleman, one of the olden time.
It was therefore, as I presume, to give the
name a smack of antiquity that Addison made it
Sir Roger de Coverley. It was not until half a
century later that the same course began to be
taken with the names of real life. In 1752, the
Earl of Clanricarde and other Bourkes reverted
to the ancient form of De Burgh : and during the
century that has since elapsed the same fancy has
been followed in various other families. These
have been traced in a recent paper in the Second
Part of The Herald and Genealogist, down to the
case of the Lancashire baronet, who became Sir
Henry de Hoghton in the month of August last.
J. G. N.
In a recent search among the archives of Chi-
chester cathedral, I incidentally noticed that a
family name at Chichester, which was, at the be-
ginning of the seventeenth century, Coverley,
ultimately became corrupted toCubberley. Query,
Has not. the Gloucestershire parish undergone like
degradation, and was not the original or ancient
name of it Coverley ? M. A. LOWER.
STATUE OF GEORGE II. IN LEICESTER SQUARE
(3rd S. ii. 436.) — In reply to EQUES, and after see-
ing the remains of the above statue this day, it
appears to be of lead, hollow, well modelled and
cast. The figure of the king lies prostrate on his
face (three yards east from the horse), minus his
right fore arm, and his legs sadly mutilated. The
parts of the pedestal lying here and there, one
with the royal cypher, well cut. Will no one
rescue this public property ? The remains of the
rubbish (while I write) are being sold by auction.
PEUES.
FRANCE, ITS MUTATIONS SINCE 1789 (3rd S. ii.
406.) — In compliance with the suggestion of
QU^SITUS, that the dates of the events in the
brief synopsis, which he quotes from Delecluzc, of
the various changes of the French government
since 1789, would be useful, I give the following,
which will, I believe, be found correct : —
1774, May 10. Louis XVI. ascended the throne.
1790, July 14. Louis_XVI. took the oath to maintain the
constitution.
1792, Sept. 21. Royalty abolished, and France proclaimed
a republic.
1795, October 26. The executive Directory of five mem-
bers chosen.
1799, December 25. The three Consuls appointed : who
•were Bonaparte, Cambace'res, and Lebrun.
1802, August 2. Bonaparte made Consul for life, with
the right of appointing his successor.
1804, May 18. Bonaparte proclaimed Emperor.
1814, April 11. Napoleon abdicated the throne, and
Louis XVIII. restored.
1815, March 1. Napoleon landed in France from Elba:
commencement of the hundred days.
1815, July 8. Louis XVIII. restored the second time.
1830, July. Louis Philippe proclaimed King of the French.
1848, February 23. Flight of Louis Philippe, and com-
mencement of the second Republic.
1848, December 11, Louis Napoleon elected President of
the French Republic.
1851, December 3. Re-elected President for ten years.
1852, December 2. Declared Emperor.
F. C. H.
GOKEYN FAMILY (3rd S. ii. 324, 397.) — The
number of the Harleian MS. referred to is 1040,
fol. 11. C. J. R.
496
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. H..DEC. 20, 'i
BELLS AT PISA (3rd S. ii. 387.) — It appears
from Breve Pisani Communis, an. 1286, that the
Campanarii were at that date officers of the city,
and had by custom certain privileges assigned
them in a chapel dedicated to St. Ambrose, at-
tached to which was the bell-tower (cap. 72,
Statuti incditi dctta Citta di Pisa, by Professor F.
Bonaini ; Florence, 1854, vol. i. p. 169). Does
not this, as far as it goes, confirm the date in re-
spect to which A. A. inquires ?
JOB J. BARD WELL WOBKABD, M.A.
SACKBUT (3rd S. ii. 286, 337, 411.) — In reply
to DR. RIHBAULT, allow me to remark that,
though Nares is undoubtedly right in describ-
ing " Sackbut " as a " bass trumpet," he is cer-
tainly wrong in saying that it is " corrupted from
sambuca, used in Latin for the same instrument."
It is perfectly clear that the sackbut was a wind
instrument, while in all the ancient descriptions
I have met with, the sambuca is described as
a stringed instrument, except by Isidore of Se-
ville (Orig. iii. 20), who evidently connects sam-
buca with sambucus, the elder-tree, of which
pipes were made. Whatever be the derivation
of sackbut (O. Fr. saquebutte, Span, sacabuche,
perhaps from sacar, to draw out), it clearly has
nothing to do with sambuca, which is a foreign
word in Greek and Latin, and probably, like the
instrument it represents, of Syrian origin. (See
Athen. iv. 77). It bears the same relation to
sabbecd, the Chaldee word in Daniel, as the Lnt.
ambubaia to the Syriac abbubo, a flute ; the m in
each case occupying the place of the dagesh. So
far as I have observed, the only reason for iden-
tifying, or in any way connecting, the sackbut and
sambuca, is the fact that, in the English version of
the Bible, the one is employed to represent the
other, the translators being guided apparently by
the similarity of sound. I do not, therefore, see
on what ground MB. BUCKTON asserts that " the
sackbut proper is a stringed instrument." The
fact that the military engine, sambuca, was a
Roman invention, does not prove that the word
itself was Latin, for the engine is said in Athe-
nseus to resemble the musical instrument of the
same name, after which it was in all probability
called. W. A. WBIGHT.
Cambridge.
BISHOP TBELAWNKI (2nd S. xi. 16.) — It may
interest some of your readers to know that the
lines, " And shall Trelawney die," &c. still live at
Bristol as a nursery song. C. I. P.
THE BAPTISM OF CHURCH BELLS (3rd S. ii.
240.)— Your correspondent F. C. II. alleges (in-
ferentially) that bells have never been baptized
in the Roman Catholic Church, only blessed and
named. John Stell alleges that they were bap-
tized. He was evidently a Protestant, or at least
not a Roman Catholic ; but he does not state
how they were baptized, whether by immersion
or aspersion — the former would have been an
inconvenient mode. F. C. II. gives us, from the
Roman Pontifical, the Pontifical of Bishop Lacy
of Exeter, and the Saruin Manuule, the forms
used for the benediction of bells ; but the fact
that bells were blessed and named without bap-
tism at certain times, does not prove that bells
were not baptized at certain other times. I have
a note, but where from I am ashamed to say I
cannot tell, that Hugo Menardus, in his Aantc-
heningen on the sacrament book of Gregory the
Great, says that rituals for the purpose of the
baptism of bells, temp. Charlemagne, have been
found, and that a capitular of the same period
prohibits these christenings ; that Cardinal Baro-
uius says that Pope John XIII. was the first who
christened bells ; that in the year 968, he chris-
tened one "John" for the tower of the Lateran.
The names given to bells were sometimes almost
impious, and often ridiculous. In St. Ursula's
church at Delft was a bell called " Jesus," which
bore this inscription : —
" Doot Puvel noch Hel En mach mij niet scbaden
Want inijnen Noam is ' Jesus ' vol genaden," &e.,
which may be thus translated : —
« The Devil and Hell, I defy the brace,
For my name is Jesus full of Grace ! "
In 1503 the Dean and Chapter of Aberdeen
presented to the church of St. Mary-ad-Nives
alias St. Mary-in-the-Snow, a bell called " Shocht-
madony ! " The word is evidently a corruption,
and embraces "Madonna." What does Schocfu
represent ? JAMES KNOWLES.
P.S. I think I got my Note from a very learned
folio, most industriously and ably compiled : Z)<
Beschrijving du Stadl Delft, published in the earlj
part of the last century, which I cannot at pre-
sent refer to, having lent it.
SUGGY (3rd S. ii. 271, 313, 337.)—
" The mind I sway by, and the heart I bear,
Shall never toga with doubt, n,or shake with fear.'
Macbeth, Act V. Sc.
Is not eaccut, a bag, the origin ? STYLII
EDWARD THE BLACK PRINCK (3rd S. ii. 429.)-
Sir Walter Scott's statement that the Black Princ
died at Bordeaux, is quite unaccountable. Severr
modern writers, and among our earlier chronicler.
Stow, Speed, and Baker, have asserted that h
died at Canterbury ; on what authority I kno1
not, unless it were from a very natural suppositio
that as Edward was buried at Canterbury, he mui
have died there. Fabyan says he died at \Yi
minster.
The Black Prince quitted Aquitaine for
land in January, 1372, four years before his dea
and on his return to England, he resided at Be
hampstead Castle. When he removed to Wes
3'd S. II. DEC. 20, '62.]
NOTES AND QUEKIES.
497
minster I cannot ascertain ; but his will, written
the day before his death, leaves no doubt possible
that it was at Westminster he died. It is datec
" le vii jour de Juyn, 1'an de grace mil troiscent5
septantj et sisine, en n're chambre dedeyns le
palois de n're tresredote S'r et pere le Roy a
Westm'" (See Nichols's Royal Wills, p. 66.)
I think no one would suggest that Edward was
conveyed from Westminster to Canterbury pre-
vious to his death : for how is it possible that a
man who was dying of fever, and who had pre-
viously been reduced by dysentery to the last
stage of weakness, could have borne such a
journey ? And the date of the will leaves barely
time for its accomplishment, even by a man in
robust health. When Edward's widow, Joan of
Kent, travelled from Canterbury to London in
one day, six years afterwards, under the pressure
of extreme terror at the insurrection of Wat
Tyler, the feat was thought marvellous. Could
her dying husband have performed it ? The
Prince's will informs us that the reason for his
interment at Canterbury was his own desire to
be buried, as near as possible, to the grave of
Thomas a Becket. HERMENTRUDE.
BAETLET (3ra S. ii. 429.) — E. W. B. will find,
in Berry's Sussex Genealogies, at pp. 17, 18, 19,
the arms and a very full pedigree of the family of
Thomas Bartelot, of Billinghurst, Sussex ; which
commences with the great grandfather, Adam de
Bartelott. The quarterings of the following fami-
lies are given in the Visitation, 1634 : —
" 1. Stopham. 2. Lewknor. 3. D'Oyley. 4. Tregoz.
5. Camoys. 6. Walton. 7. Syheston. All those coats
quarterly confirmed, and the crest granted, in the hand
and seal of William Segar, Garter, Oct. 27th, 1616, 14th
King James." — Note to the Pedigree, bv Berry.
13.
NOTICEABLE ENTRIES IN THE REGISTERS OF
ALLHALLOWS BARKING (3rd S. ii. 423.) — I append
a few Notes to your industrious correspondent
JUXTA TURRIM'S extracts from the Registers.
Jerome Bonalio, buried 1583. — This gentle-
man's name appears in Strype's Annals, vol. iii.
book i. cap. 4, amongst the list of Papists in
London in 1581. Most of them are described as
"agents for foreign princes," living in Tower
Street Ward.
Duportal, General of Gynen, buried February,
1587. — Query, Guyenne, the ancient province in
S.W. of France.
Sir Francis Cherry, buried 1605. — See Calen-
dar of State Papers, 1605 and 1606 : whereby it
appears that Cherry was purveyor to the navy ;
and he and his son received from the king the
office of " Merchant for providing stores to the
Navy for life." He was knighted at Chatham,
1604. See Nichols's Topographica et Genealo-
gica, v. 2, sub. " St. Olave's, Hart Street."
Baldwin Hamens, buried 1640. — See Cooper's
Foreigners in London, 1618 (Camden Society,
1862), by which it appears that H. was a physician
and householder, born at Bruges. From the follow-
ing expressions in his epitaph, I presume he was
physician either to the Russian Company or the
Muscovite Embassy, whose quarters were in this
parish : " Favore in Magni Muscovitarum Ducis
aula."
Bassano, buried 1624. — See Visitation ofLond.,
1634, MS. Coll. Arms, c. 24.
Interested in all that concerns Allhallows
Barking, may I ask JUXTA TUERIM, or others of
your correspondents, for information respecting
Sir James Bourchier, father-in-law of Oliver
Cromwell ; some of whose children I perceive
were born and baptized on Tower Hill. His
country house was at Felsted, in Essex, where
Cromwell's eldest son Robert, a youth of great
promise, was buried 1639.
Is there any entry in the Barking Registers of
Geo. Snaith, auditor to Archbp. Laud, who was
buried "near his master " in 1651 ? Also, of Col.
Ashton, hanged in Tower Street by order of
Crpmwell, July 7, 1658 ? E. S. C.
CALLS TO THE BAH (3rd S. ii. 447.) — In answer
to one of MR. WOHKAED'S Queries — that relative
to the call of legal students to the Bar — I may
inform him that the usual interval between the
admission and the call was, at that time, seven
years. This applies to the first two of the gentle-
men he names. The third is Thomas Bui'net,
who was the son of the famous Bishop of Salis-
bury ; and the period that elapsed after his
admission, before his call, was occupied in dissi-
pation, in the composition of political pamphlets
and poetical pieces, and in a diplomatic employ-
ment at Lisbon : till at last, after twenty years,
he resumed his original profession, and obtained
such credit that he was constituted a judge in
1741.
Mr. Bootle, the fourth student named, had been
probably admitted at some other Inn of Court
before he entered the Inner Temple, from which
iis time would count. EDWARD Foss.
JOHN HAXL, BISHOP OF BRISTOL (3rd S. ii.
389, 415.)— Dr. Hall left a gift of Bibles, which
was, and I suppose still is, distributed at Kidder-
minster. My father-in-law was, during his life-
;ime, one of the trustees of this charity, and he
lad a large Bible which once belonged to the
bishop. The Bibles contain an inscription with
;he words, " The gift of Dr. John Hall," as far as
[ can remember. My mother-in-law claims de-
cent from Bishop Hall through his daughter, the
wife of John Spilsbury. The names of both Hall
and Spilsbury are household words in the family,
and it is very likely that I could obtain for N. S.
HEINEKEN some further information if he requires
498
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[>a S. II. DKC. L'
it. I am Inclined to think that the arms of Dr.
Hall are inserted in the Bibles of his gift, but I
have no copy of them. B. H. C.
P.S. — Bp. John Hall, if I mistake not, origin-
ated the annual festival of the Clergy and Sons of
the Clergy.
WAYNFLETE ARMS (3rd S. ii. 451.) — Surely
the quiet spirit of good Bishop Waynflete, if cog-
nisant of mundane afi'airs, must feel greatly scan-
dalised by the query of your correspondent C. J.,
as above, respecting his descendants. M. D.
CURFEW (3rd S. ii. 431.)— William the Con-
queror did originate in England the curfew bell*
(from the French, couvrefeu, cover fire). It was
rung at eight in the evening, when all fires and
candles were ordered to be put out. It was an
expedient of police to put down the Saxon beer-
clubs, the resort of political conspirators. This
had nothing to do with the ancient custom of
tolling the church bell at the same hour ; the
latter had reference to the holy rite of evening
prayer before retiring to rest; it is, however,
generally confounded with the civil law, which
was abrogated by Henry I. The custom of holy
church is not quite obliterated yet.
JAMES GILBERT.
I doubt if the practice of ringing the church
bell at sunset in many out-of-the-way parts of
England, particularly in the North, is the " cur-
few bell " at all. I am inclinedjto trace it, rather,
to the evening toll of the "Angelus," called
generally " the Ave Maria," which was probably
continued from habit, long after the change of
faith had obliterated all memory of the devotion
itself. J. J. W.
THE MARTYR'S PENNY : THE SUET PENNY (3rd
S. ii. 410.) — "Suet Penny" doubtless means
[* If the Conqueror did originate the couvre-feu law,
why then Fosbroke, Sir John Feshall, and Dr. Henry, no
mean authorities, have not a leg to stand upon. Fos-
broke says, " The Curfew bell did not originate with the
Conqueror, for the custom obtained abroad." (Encyclo. of
Antiq. 4to, L 231.) Sir John Peshall remark?, that " the
custom of ringing the bell at Carfax every night at
eight o'clock (called Curfew-bell, or Cover-fire bell) was
Inj order of King Alfred, who ordained that all the
inhabitants of Oxford should, at the ringing of that bell,
cover up their fires, and go to bed." (History of the City
of Oxford, p. 177.) Dr. Henry (Hist, of Britain, 4to, iii.
567), tells us, "The custom of covering up their fires
about sunset in summer, and about eight at night in
winter, at the ringing of a bell called the couvre-feu or
curfew-bell, is supposed by some to have been introduced
by William I., and imposed upon the English as a badge
of servitude. But this opinion doth not seem to be well
founded ; for there is sufficient evidence that the same
custom prevailed in France, Spain, Italy, Scotland, and
probably in all the countries of Europe, in this period,
and was intended as a precaution against fires, which
were then very frequent and very fatal, when ao many
houses were built of wood." — ED. j
" suit penny," from the law Lat. suetta, suit
service done to the superior lord ; from the
suicre, sequi. Pro omnibus servitiis, ruri:
sueltis, releviis, &c. (Paroch. Anliq.) Cf. Cowol
under " Aver-peny," " Borthal-peny," " Ilartl
peny," " Mark-peny," " Smoak-peny," " '
peny." It. S. Cn
WILD-FIRE (3rJ S. ij. 428.) — Surely "wil,l-
fire," as an injury incidental to real-property,
must be the accidental conflagration of heaths,
woodlands, &c., not unusual even in this country.
Nearly a hundred acres of forest were thus de-
stroyed within a few years ago in the north of
England. " To spread like wild-fire" is a com-
mon enough expression. Wild-fire means the
erysipelas in another sense.
JOHN MORRIS BUTLE
THE INTELLECTUAL CAPACITY OF TWINS (3
ii. 388.)— I should suppose that even Dr. Simper
would allow that William and John Scott, par
nobile fratrum, the glory of the Grammar School
of Newcastle, who raised themselves from a com-
paratively humble position in life to stations of
the highest eminence in the state, must have
been possessed of a more than ordinary share of
intelligence; yet, to give the well-known fact in
the words of Mr. Surtees, " Lord Stowcll and
Lord Eldon were each twins, having each been
born with a sister." E. H. A.
The Senior Wrangler at Cambridge, two or
three years ago, was a twin, if that fact is in any
F._
way calculated to console M. D.
T. ASHE.
AUSTIN FRIARS (2nd S. xii. 365.)— It may be
worth while to note in " N. & Q." the serious
injury done to this ancient London church by
fire on the 22nd November of this year. The
roof and much of the interior are entirely de-
stroyed. The fine tracery of the windows re-
mains, but the piers of the nave are injured.
The cause of the calamity was probably the care-
lessness of the workmen engaged on some repairs.
Jon J. BARDWELI, WORKAHD, M.A.
MRS. COCKLE (3rd S. ii. 337.) — Besides a
Monody on the death of Sir John Moore, which
I think I have seen in some bookseller's Cata-
logue, Mrs. Cockle wrote " Lines addressed to
Lady Byron," "A Reply" to Lord Byron's
" Fare-thee-Well," " An Elegy to the Memory of
Princess Charlotte," and " An Ele«ry on the
Death of George the Third," which last four
pieces were all printed by Mr. Adamson in the
series of Tracts issuing from the Newcastle Press.
In his Preface to the Life of Camoens, Mr. Adam-
son expresses his acknowledgements to ^1?;.
Cockle for having obligingly versified those of his
prose translations from the poet, to which hor
initial is attached. E. H. A.
3rd S. II. DEC. 20, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
499
BODY AND SLEEVES (3rd S. ii. 427.) — The.
" Gardes tie la Manche " were selected from the
Scotch " Gardes du corps," as your correspondent
states. The reason, however, why they were so
designated was because on grand occasions they
stood one on each side of the king, at his sleeve in
fact; and they were, as Pere Daniel expresses it,
" <le la garde immediate de la personne du roi."
Mil. Fran. ii. liv. x. p. 128.
They enjoyed privileges beyond even their
favoured brethren of the Body Guard, and were
distinguished by wearing on their doublets, before
and behind, the device of Louis XIII., — a club of
Hercules, encircled by the motto " Erit ha3C quo-
que cognita monstris." Louis XIV. subsequently
altered it to his own, with the words " Nee pluri-
bus impar."
Much interesting information respecting the
Scottish Body Guard will be found in Michel's
Les Ecossais en France. S. D. S.
FORFEITED ESTATES, IRELAND, temp. WM. III.
(3rd S. ii. 48.) — In addition to the names stated as
commissioners, there should be the Earl of Drog-
heda, who received 1000Z. from Parliament, and
also Sir Francis Brewster, and Sir Richard Le-
vinge.
A valuable copy of the " postings " of the for-
feited estates h preserved in the Library of the
Royal Dublin Society. I believe that Henry
Langford, one of the commissioners, was a near
relative (probably brother) to Sir Arthur Lang-
ford of Summerhill, co. Meath, who died April 8,
1718, and left valuable bequests to the Presby-
terian church in the south and west of Ireland.
His sister, Mrs. Susanna Langford, died in 1726.
They had no children. Any information as to
this family will be gladly received by
DR. W. FRAZER.
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marked at Clearance Prices. Forwarded on receipt of Address,
J. TAYLOR & SON, 2S. Gold Street, Northampton.
BOOKS (SECOND HAND). — CATALOGUES
may be had on receipt of a stamp. 1. An excellent Collection of
good Useful Books, interesting to all classes of buy ers, 2,000 articles. 2.
Natural History, 800 articles, scarce and valuable. In Botany, Ornith-
ology, Entomology, Conchology, &c. 3. Valuable collection of Mathe-
matics, the works of English and French writers. The above are
•elected from one of the largest collections of second-hand iu London.
Books Bo<uht.-Apply to JOEL KO\VSELL,!>, King William Street
Strand, W.C.
T<O BOOK BUYERS.— Gentlemen forming libra-
J- ries are respectfully requested to send for a NEW CATALOGUE
ofSECONO-IIAND BOOKS fust published by UPIIAM & BEET,
40, New Bond Street, London, W.
Libraries purchased. New Books at a discount of twopence in the
shilling for cash.
0
PRESENTS.— Prize Medal Collections of Minerals
L and Fossils, from One to Ten Guineas and upwardst also
lozical Works and Single Specimens of Minerals, Fossils, ft
JAMES R. QRKOORY, Museum of Mineralogy and <
Golden Square, London.
Note — The only Prize Medal awarded at the Exhibition for
tions of Minerals was to James R. Oratory.
PRIZE MEDAL MICROSCOPE. — W. LAI.I.
_L respectfully solicits inspection of his Microscopes. They are simple
in construction, avoiding all unnecessary work in maiml.
adapted for all accessary apparatus! combining first class wit
ness. Strongly recommended by Dr. Carpenter, in " The Microscope
and its Revelations," page 81.
W. LADD, 11 and 12, Beak Street, Regent Street, W.
Catalogues upon application.
, ' t.. I'M
Informa-
,j_
WHAT WILL THIS COST TO PRINT?
T T is a thought often occurring to literary minds, public characters,
and persons of benevolent Intentions. An immediate ansv
inquiry may be obtained. A SPECIMEN BOOK or TYPES, and infoi
t ion for authors, sent on application by
RICHARD BARRETT, 13, MARK LANE. LONDON.
rPO AUTHORS, &c.— W. FREEMAN is prepared
L to Print :md Publish all MSS. approved by him. — For further
ntatement, see " Plans of Publishing,'' sent Free on receipt of Oue
Postage Stamp.
London : WILLIAM FREEMAN. 102, Fleet Street, E.G.
EN RHYDDING, ILKLEY, YORKSHIRE.
I',
PHYSICIAN, DR. MACLEOD. F.R.C.P.E., F.A 8. Soot.
SURGEON, THOMAS SCOTT, M.D. Edin., M.H.<
BIN RHYDDIMI is one of the most complete and most comfortable
Establishments in England for the reception of patients and visitors.
While the method of treatment pursued at Ben Rhydding proceeds
on Hydrothcrupcutics as to its main principle, it is by no means i-uviutfd
to that, but includes the systematic application of the art of cure in its
whole range, and with all its resources.
TC. and J. FIELD, Original Manufacturers (in
. England) of PARAFFINE CANDLES, to whom the prize
medal (1862) has been awarded, and their Candles adopted by her
Majesty's Government for use at the Military Stations abroad. These
Candles can be obtained of all Chandlers and Grocers in tbc United
Kingdom. Price Is. M. perlb. Also Field's celebrated Unii
Soap Tablets, 6(1. and td. each. The Public arc cautioned to see that
Field's label is on the packets or boxes. Wholesale only, and for
Exportation, Upper Marsh, Lambeth, London, S.
TO CLERGYMEN, CHURCHWARDENS, AND ARCHITECTS
(ONLY).
GILBERT J. FRENCH, Bolton, Lancashire, sends
Post Free, on application, an Illustrated CATALOGUE of his
MANUFACTURES for Use in the Church of England, including full
particulars of Communion Linens, Altar Cloths, Carpets, Kobe*, Sur-
plices, &c. &c.
Having no authorized Accnts, all Orders are executed exclusively at
Bolton, and delivered carriage free when the railway arrangements
admit of pre-payment.
Direct communication by letter is respectfully Invited as most con-
venient, satisfactory and economical.
ANTIQUE CARVED OAK FURNITURE.—
XjL To be SOLD by Private Contract, a very rare and valuable Col-
lection of Antique Carved Oak FURNITURE (having been the uro-
pcrty of an Antiquary), consisting of Bed, Chairs, Wardrobe from
Queen Elizabeth's Room at Kenllworth Castle; elaborately canred Oak
Cabinet, which formerly belonged to Thomas * Becket; Oak Cabinet
beautifully carved, from Fountains' Abbey; Altar Table, extraordi-
narily carved by Monks, very early date; CHAIRS which belonged to
Juhn Howard. Michael Angelo, Ben Jonson, Cardinal P
one on which Henry III. sat when he was at the Priory, Voltaire, Li
Fayctte, ftc. &c.
For further particulars with reference to the above, apply to F
LETITimiDGE, Esq., Maize Hill, Greenwich, Kent; or to C. C
TEMPLER, Esq., Court of Bankruptcy, Leeds.
BE CAREFUL WHAT YOU EAT.— BOR
WICK'S is the BAKING POWDER recommended by DF
HAHSALL. analyst to the Lancet Sanitary Commission, author i
" Adulterations Detected," &c., for making pure and wl.olesome Brea<
instead of yeast.
Sold by all Chemists and Grocers.
Now ready, ismo, coloured wrapper, Post Free, lit.
AN GOUT AND RHEUMATISM. A ne .
\J work, by DR. LAV1LLE of the Faculty of Medicine. Paris, e
hlbltinc a perfectly new, certain, and safe method of cure. Translat If D
by an English Practitioner.
London : FRAS. NEWBERY & SONS, 4.1, St. Paul's Church Yart
3** S. II. DEC, 20, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
ESTABLISHED 1842.
WESTERN, MANCHESTER AND LONDON,
AND METROPOLITAN COUNTIES LIFE ASSURANCE
AND ANNUITY SOCIETY.
CBIEF OFFICES : S, PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON, and
77, KING STREET, MANCHESTER.
H. E. Bicknell, Esq.
T. Somers Cocks, Esq., M.A..J.P.
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John Fisher, Esq.
W. Freeman, Esq.
Charles Frerc, Esq.
Henry P. Fuller, Esq.
J. H. Goodhart.Esq., J.P.
J. T. Hibbert, Esq.,M.A., M.P.
Peter Hood, Esq.
Directors,
The Hon. R. E.Howard, D.C.L.
James Hunt, Esq.
John Leigh, Esq.
Edm. Lucas, Esq.
F.B. Marson.Esq.
E. Vansittart Neale, Esq., M.A.
Bonaray Price, Esq., M.A.
Jas. Lys Seager, Esq.
Thomas Statter, Esq.
John B. White, Esq.
Henry Wilbraham, Esq., M.A.
Actuary Arthur Scratchley, M.A.
Attention is particularly invited to the VALUABLE NEW PRIN-
CIPLE by which Policies effected in this Office do NOT become VOID
through the temporary inability of the Assurer to pay a Premium, as
permission is given upon application to suspend the payment at in-
terest, according to the conditions stated in the Society s Prospectus.
The attention of the Public is confidently invited to the several
Tables and peculiar Advantages offered to the Assurers, which will be
found fully detailed in the Prospectus.
It will be observed, that the Rates of Premium are so low as to
afford at once an IMMEDIATE BONUS to the Assured, when compared
with the Rates of most other Companies.
Society.
No CHAttOE MADE FOB POLICY STAMPS.
The Rates of ENDOWMENTS granted to young lives, and of ANNUITIES
to old lives, are liberal.
Now ready, price Ms.
MR. SCRATCHLEY'S MANUAL TREATISE
on SAVINGS BANKS, containing a Review of their Past History and
Present Condition, and of Legislation on the Subject; together with
much Legal, Statistical, and Financial Information, for the use of
Trustees, Managers, and Actuaries.
London: LONGMAN, GREEN, LONGMAN & ROBERTS.
SAUCE. — LEA AND PERKINS'
'WORCESTERSHIRE SAUCE.
This delicious condiment, pronounced by Connoisseurs
"THE ONLY GOOD SAUCE,"
is prepared solely by LEA & PERRIN.S.
The Public are respectfully cautioned against worthless imitations, and
should see that LEA & PERRINS' Names are on Wrapper, Label,
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ASK FOB LEA. AND PERKINS' SAUCE.
*** Sold Wholesale and for Export, by the Proprietors, Worcester ;
MESSRS. CROSSE- and BLACK WELL, MESSRS. BARCLAY and
SONS, London, &c., &c. ; and by Grocers and Oilmen universally.
A New and Valuable Preparation of Cocoa.
FRY' S
ICELAND MOSS COCOA,
In 1 lb., nb., and }lb. packets.
Sold by Grocers and Druggists.
J. S. FRY & SONS, Bristol and London.
PROTECTION FROM FIRE — PRIZE MEDAL.
BRYANT &. MEAT.
PATE N'T
[SAFETY MATCHES AND WAX VESTAS.
Ignite only on the Box.
"Incomparably the SAFEST form of Lucifers."
Examiner, Aug. 9th.
ITTOLLOWAY'S OINTMENT AND PILLS.—
i* JL 1 The scrofulous and consumptive will find in these noble reme-
dies the means of casting out the bad humours which originate and
prolong their sufferings. The Ointment should be well rubbed twice
' «-day upon the skin, as near as possible to the part affected. It will
penetrate and act moat wholesomely and energetically on the diseased
itructure. It manifests a wonderful power in removing all taints from
the blood, and consequently in curing a multitude of chronic ailments
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plaints, Holloway's Purify ing Pills should be taken, while his Ointment
U being used. Both remedies will rapidly bring about a cure of Bcro-
rula, scorbutic eruptions, and ulcerations.
LAW LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY,
FLEET STREET, LONDON.
Invested Assets, 5,000,000?. Annual Income, 495,coW.
Profits divided every fifth year.
Four-fifths of the Profits allotted to the Assured.
The Bonuses added to Policies at the five Divisions of Profits which
have hitherto been made amount to £3,500,000.
Policies on the Participating Scale of Premiums effected on or before
the 31st of December of the present year, will share in the next Divi-
sion of Profits, which will be made up to the 31st of December, 1864.
For Prospectuses and Forms for effecting Assurances, apply to the
Actuary, at the Society's Office, Fleet Street, London.
October, 1862.
WILLIAM SAMUEL DOWNES, Actuary.
ALLIANCE LIFE AND FIRE
ASSURANCE COMPANY.
Instituted 1824.
Capital—FIVE MILLIONS Sterling.
President— SIR MOSES MONTEFIORE, Bart.
LIFE ASSURANCES in a variety of forms fully explained in the
Company's Prospectus.
FIRE POLICIES issued at the reduced rates for MERCANTILE
ASSURANCES, and at MODSIIATK PREMIUMS for risks, at Home
and Abroad.
F. A. ENGELBACH, Actuary.
Bartholomew-lane, Bank. D. MACLAGAN, Secretary.
WINES OF FRANCE, SPAIN, ETC.
HEDGES & BUTLER solicit attention to their
pure
ST. JULIET* C&ARET,
at 20s., 24s., 30s., and 3Gs. per dozen; La Rose, 42s.; Latour, Ms.; Mar-
gaux, 60s., 72s.; Chateau, Lafttte, 72s., 84s., 96s.; superior Bcaujolais, 24s. ;
Macon, 30s., 36s.; choice Burgundy, 48s., 60s., 72s., 84s.; pure Chablis,
30s., 36s., 48s.; Sauterne, 48s., 72s.; Roussillon, 36s. ; ditto, old in bottle,
42s. ; sparkling Champagne, 42s., 48s., 60s., 66s., 78s.
SUPERIOR GOLDEN SHERRY,
of soft and full flavour, highly recommended, at 36s. per dozen.
Good dinner Sherry 24s. to 3fls.
High class Pale, Golden, or Brown Sherry 42s. „ 48s.
Port, from first-class Shippers 36». 42s. 48s. „ 60s.
Hock and Moselle 30s. 36s. 48s. 60s. „ 120s.
Sparkling Hock and Moselle 60s. 66s. „ 78s.
Fine old Sack, rare White Port, Imperial Tokay, Malmsey, Fron-
tignac, Constantia, Vermuth, and other rare Wines. Fine Old Pale
Cognac Brandy, 60s. and 72s. per dozen. On receipt of a Post-office
Order or Reference, any quantity, with a Priced List of all other Wines,
will be forwarded immediately by
HEDGES & BUTLER,
LONDON : 155, REGENT STREET, W.
Brighton : 30, King's Road.
(Originally established A.D. 16670
Foreign Wines, &.C.
THE ATTENTION OF GENTLEMEN AND
FAMILIES is respectively invited to our
FOREIGN WINES, LIQUEURS, ETC.,
at moderate Prices.
Ports in wood, 20s., 24s.; Matured, 28s., 36s., and 42s. per doz.
Ports, old in bottle, 36s., 42s., 48s., 54s., 60s., to 96s. per doz.
Sherry, 2 Is., 24s., 26s., 2&<i., 32s., 36«., 42s., 48s., 54s., and 60s. per do/.
Beaujolais, 20s. to 2fts. per doz. Beaume, :- 6s. to 48s. per doz.
Roussillon, 21s. to 25s. per doz.
Vin Ordinaire, 15s.; Medoc, 21s.; St. Julien, &c.. 30s. to 36s. per doz.
Larose, Leoville, Margaux, Lafitte, and Latour, at proportionate
rates.
Piccardin, Chablis, Grave, Sauterne, Chateau Yquem.
Champagne, Sparkling Hermitage, St. Peray, and Chateau-Grillet.
Detailed Price List of Wines, Liqueurs, Brandies, &c. on application to
ARTHUR COUPER & CO., It. Jermyn Street, St. James', S.W.
Established 1826.
PARTRIDGE: &. COZENS
Is the CHEAPEST HOUSE in the Trade for
PAPER and ENVELOPES, &c. Useful Cream-laid Note, 2s. 3d. per
ream. Superfine ditto, 3s. 3d. Sermon Paper, 3s. 6d. Straw Paper, 2s.
Foolscap, 6s. 6d. per Ream. Black bordered Note, 5 Quires for Is.
Super Cream Envelopes, 6d. per 100. Black Bordered ditto, Is. per
100. Tinted lined India Note (ft Colours), 5 Quires for Is. 6d. Copy
Books (Copies set), Is. 6rf. per dozen. P. & C.'s Law Pen (as flexible
as the Quill), 2s. per gross. Name plate engraved, and 100 best Carda
printed for 3s. 6rf.
No Charge for Stamping Arms, Crests, $c.from own Dies.
Catalogues Post Free; Orders over 20s. Carriage paid.
Copy Address, PARTRIDGE & COZENS,
Manufacturing Stationers, 1 , Chancery Lane, and 192, Fleet St. B.C.
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3'i S. II. I)K<-. 20, '02.
EARL STANHOPE'S LIFE OF PITT.
Now Ready, Second Edition, Revised, with Portraits, 4 Vols., Post 8vo, 42*.
LIFE OF THE RIGHT HON. WILLIAM PITT,
WITH EXTRACTS FROM HIS MS. PAPERS.
By EARL STANHOPE.
JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.
ELEVENTH EDITION (Corrected to December, 1862),
Dates and Facts relating to the History of Mankind from the most authentic and recent reco
especially interesting to the Historian, Members of (he Learned Professions,
Literary Institutes, Merchants, and General Readers.
In the course of December will be published, in One handsome Library Volume, beautifully printed in legible typi
price Eighteen Shillings, cloth,
A DICTIONARY OF DATES
RELATING TO ALL AGES AND NATIONS :
FOR UNIVERSAL REFERENCE:
COMPREHENDING REMARKABLE OCCURRENCES, ANCIENT AND MODERN,
The Foundation, Laws, and Government of Countries — their Progress in Civilisation, Industry, Literature,
Arts, and Science — their Achievements in Arms — and their Civil, Military,
and Religious Institutions, and particularly of
THE BRITISH EMPIRE.
BY JOSEPH HAYDN.
ELEVENTH EDITION, REVISED AND GREATLY ENLARGED, BY BENJAMIN VINCENT,
Assistant Secretary and Keeper of the Library of the Royal Institution of Great Britain.
London : EDWARD MOXON & CO., 44', Dover Street, W.
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF EMINENT CHRISTIANS.
In crown 6vo, with five Portraits beautifully engraved on steel, price
'.**. M., in extra cloUi,
T AMPS of the CHURCH; or, Kays of Faith,
JLj Hop*, and Charity, from the Liven and Deaths of come Eminent
Christians of the Nineteenth Century. By the HE V. II. CLISSULD,
M.A., Author of — 1. " Liut Hours of Kminent Christian Men; " y.
" Last Hours of Eminent Christian Women."
**• In this volume will be found Memorials of William Cowper —
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Rowdier — Thomas Renncll — Lesh Richmond— Hannah More — Mary
Jane Uraham- William Wilbcrforce— Thomas Arnold-Kobert Ander-
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i: any others.
RIVINGTOKS, Waterloo Place, London.
This Day, crown 8vo, price 9*.
'FHE COMMON-PLACE PHILOSOPHER IN
L TOWN AND COUNTRY : a Selection from the Contributions
of A. K. II. B. to " FRAICR'S MAOAIINE ;" with other Occasional
Es»cy».
London : PARKER, SON, ft BOURN, West Strand.
NEW VOLUME OF GTTRNEY'S SERMONS.
Now ready, in small 8ro, price 7*.
OERMONS on the ACTS of the APOSTLE
O By JOHN HAMPDEN GURNET, M.A., late Rector of
Mary's Church, Marylebone. With a Preface by the Dean of Cant, r
bury.
Lately published, by the some Author,
1. SERMONS on OLD TESTAMENT HISTO
RIES. Second Edition. 6s.
2. SERMONS on TEXTS from the EPISTL1 J
and GOSPELS. Second Edition. 6.-.
3. MISCELLANEOUS SERMONS. 6*.
RIVINQTONS, Waterloo PUce, London.
This day is published, price 1Z*. Svo, cloth.
OMER'S ODYSSEY; or, the Ten
Wandering of Oduweus after the ten years' siege of Troy. ) e
produced in dramatic blank verse. By the KEV. T. S. NOKUATI
WILLIAMS ft NOROATE. H, Henrietta Street. Covcnt Gardei .
London; and to. South Frederick Mrect, Edinburgh.
Printed by GEORGE ANDREW SPOTTISWOODE, at S New-street Square, iu the ParUh of St. Bride, In the City of London ,
Published by GEORGE BELL, at 1*5 Fleet Street, in the Parish of SfcDunstan in the West, in the same cit. rM,l«
NOTES AND QUERIES:
A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION
FOR
LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC,
" When found, make a note of." — CAPTAIN CUTTLE.
No. 52.]
SATURDAY, DECEMBER 27, 1862.
f Price Fourpence.
i Stamped Edition, 3d.
T AUSANNE COLLEGE, for Instruction in Manu-
_1_J facturing Art, Civil Engineering, ic., founded in 1853 by influen-
tial Swiss Gentlemen, to provide a scientific and practical education
for young men, without exposing them to the temptations of large
cities. The E'cole Specitite of Lausanne is under the direction of a
President, Council, and five Proftssors. The Courses of Study comprise
three annual terms, and embrace Mathematics, including Analytical
and Descriptive Geometry, Mechanical Drawing, Civil and Mining
Engineering, Chemistry, Geology, and Mineralogy.— Students enter at
and above the age of Seventeen. They can board "en pension" or
with a Professor. Having to pass an examination for admission, a few
months' preparation at Lausanne is strongly recommended. Prospeo-
tuses obtained from Andrew Pritchard, Esq., M.R.I., St. Paul's Road,
Highbury, London, N., and R. L. Chance, Jun., Esq., Edgbaston, Bir-
mingham, to either of whom reference is kindly permitted. — N.B.
Lausanne is a Protestant town, and has an English church.
THIRD AND CONCLUDING SERIES OF SIR BERNARD
BURKE'S VICISSITUDES OF FAMILIES.
May now be had, in crown 8vo, price 12s. 6d. cloth,
yiCISSITUDES OF FAMILIES; Essays and
» Narratives illustrating the surprising mutability of
fortune in the history of our noble houses. By Sir BER-
NARD BURKE, LL.D., Ulster King of Arms; Author of
the " Peerage and Baronetage," &c. THIRD SERIES,
completing the work.
THE Fifth Edition of the FIRST
SERIES and the Second Edition of
the SECOND SERIES, price 12s. 6d.
each, may also be had. Both
volumes have been carefully re-
vised and corrected by the Author,
and a few Additions made, the re-
sult of fresh researches.
London: LONGMAN, GREEN, and CO., 14, Ludgate Hill.
ILLUSTRATED EDITION OF LORD MACAULAY'S
LAYS OF ROME,
New Edition, in /cap, 4to, price 21s. cloth; 31s. Qd. well
bound in tree-calf; or 42s. in morocco elegant by Riviere,
T ORD MACAULAY'S LAYS OF ANCIENT
U ROME. With Illustrations, original and from the
antique, by G. SCHARF, engraved on Wood by S.
WILLIAMS.
An Edition of Lord MACAULAY'S Lays of Ancient Rome,
•with Ivry and the Armada, in 16mo, with Vignette, price
4s. Qd. cloth ; or 10s. Qd. in morocco by Riviere.
London : LONGMAN, GREEN, and CO., 14, Ludgate Hill.
LYRA GERMANICA WITH MUSIC.
Just published, complete in One Volume, fcap. 4to, price
10s. Cd. cloth, or 18s. handsomely half- bound in morocco.
THE CHOEALE-BOOK for ENGLAND; a
Complete Hymn-Book for Public and Private Wor-
ship, in accordance with the Services and Festivals of the
Church of England: The Hymns from the Lyra Ger-
manica and other sources, translated from the German by
CATHERINE WINKWORTH ; the Tunes, from the Sacred
Music of the Lutheran, Latin, and other Churches, for
Four Voices, with Historical Notes, &c., compiled and
edited by WILLIAM STERNDALE BENNETT, Professor of
Music in the University of Cambridge, and by OTTO
GOLDSCHMIDT.
London: LONGMAN, GREEN, and CO., 14, Ludgate Hill.
SRD S. No. 52.]
IN the UPPER and MIDDLE SCHOOLS,
PECKHAM, LONDON, S.E. (Private), every Pupil is as far as
possible well grounded in English, made to write a hand fit for busi-
ness, and trained to be quick at Accounts. French and German are
taught by Native Masters, and spoken by the Principal. Eminent
special Teachers attend the Senior Classes. The Institutions of the
Metropolis for Science and Art, as well as the various Museums and
Exhibitions, are frequently visited for Educational purposes. Peckham
Rye Common is near, the School Premises are large, and the general
accommodation for Boarders is superior. Terms moderate, and strictly
inclusive.
JOHN YEATS, LL.D., &c.
Re-opens JANUARY 15, 1863.
T ONDON LIBRARY, 12, ST. JAMES'S SQUARE,
JU This EXTENSIVE LENDING LIBRARY, the only one
of its kind in London, contains 80,000 Volumes, including a large
proportion of Old and Valuable Works not supplied by ordinary
Circulating Libraries. The Reading-room is furnished with the prin-
cipal Periodicals, English, French, German. Fifteen Volumes at a
time are allowed to Country Members, Ten to Residents in London.
Terms, on nomination, 31. a year, or 2Z. a year with Entrance Fee of 61. ;
Life Membership, 261. Prospectus, Free. Catalogue, 9s. 6d. Opeu
from 10 to 6. ROBERT HARRISON. Librarian and Secretary.
GOULBURN ON PERSONAL RELIGION.
'.Third Edition, with Two Additional Chapters, price Gs. 6<7.
THOUGHTS on PERSONAL RELIGION, being
_L a Treatise on the Christian Life in its Two Chief Elements, Devo-
tion, and Practice. By EDWARD MEYRICK GOULBUHN.D.D.,
Prebendary of St. Paul's, Chaplain to the Bishop of Oxford, und one of
Her Majesty's Chaplains in Ordinary.
RIVINGTONS, Waterloo Place, London,
WILLIAM WHEWELL, D.D.
Just published, a New Edition (the 3rd), Svo, 10s. 6d.
•MACKINTOSH'S ETHICAL PHILOSOPHY.
lit New Edition. Edited, with Preface, by WILLIAM WHEWELL,
D.D., Master of Trinity College, Cambridge.
Edinburgh : A. & C. BLACK. London : LONGMAN & CO.
Fcap. 8vo, price 5s.
Tlf ETEOROLOGY. By SIR J. F. W. HERSCHEL,
ITJ. BART.
" Contains a brief but elaborate survey of the whole domain of Me-
teorological Science."— Brit. Quarterly lievieiv.
Edinburgh : A. & C. BLACK. London : LONGMAN & CO.
Just published, in 1 Vol. 8yo, of nearly 1000 closely printed pages, and
40 plates; price, coloured, 50s. ; plain, 36s.
HISTORY OF INFUSORIA, including all the
British and Foreign Species of DESMIDIACE^E and DIATO-
E^E. By ANDREW PRITCHARD, Esq. Fourth Edition, en-
larged and revised by J. T. ABLIDOE, M.B., WM. ABCBER, Esq., J.
RALFS, M.R.C.S., PROF. WiLtiAMsoN.F.R.S., and the Author.
London: WHITTAKER & CO., Ave Maria Lane.
This day is published, price 12s. Svo, cloth.
HOMER'S ODYSSEY; or, the Ten Years'
Wandering of Odusseus after the ten years' siege of Troy. Re-
produced in dramatic blank verse. By the REV. T. S. NOKGATE.
WILLIAMS & NORGATE, 14, Henrietta Street, Covent Garden,
London; and 20, South Frederick btreet, Edinburgh.
Now ready,
THOS. DE LA RUE & CO.'S RED-LETTER
DIARIES and CALENDARS for 1863. Edited by JAMES
GLAISHER, F.R.S. In a variety of Sizes for the Pocket or the Desk.
Detailed Lists on application.
To be had of all Booksellers and Stationers.
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3«« S. II. DEC. 27,
EARL STANHOPE'S LIFE OF PITT.
Now Ready, Second Edition, United, with Portraits, 4 Vols., Post 8vo, 42*.
LIFE OF THE RIGHT HON. WILLIAM PITT,
WITH EXTRACTS FROM HIS MS. PAPERS.
By EARL STANHOPE.
JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.
MR. BENTLEY'S NEW PUBLICATIONS.
NOW READY,
In one handsome 8vo volume, with Fifty Illustration! by Wolf and
Zwecker, and a Portrait, price 21*., or in morocco, Kilt edges, 41*.,
AFRICAN HUNTING.
From Natal to the Zambesi, Lake Ngami, Kalahari. From 1862 to
I860.
By WILLIAM CHARLES BALDWIN, ESQ., F.G.S.
In One handsome Volume, u«., with a Portrait,
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NOTES AND QUERIES.
501
LONDON, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 27, 1862.
CONTENTS. — N». 52.
NOTES : — Somersetshire "Wills, 501 — Shakspeariana :
Passages in Hamlet — Shakspeare Emendations " To mose
in the chine " — Shakspeare and Bacon — " Boating herb
juice " — Shakspeare and Sir Thomas Browne — To " speak
by the card," 502 — Verses attributed to the American
President, 503.
MINOE NOTES : —Thomas Phaer, M.D.— King — "Suum
Cuique " — Provincial Officers of the Archbishop of Can-
terbury — Christmas Custom at Ackworth — Mock-Sun,
604.
QUERIES: — Anonymous — Cashmere — The Georges, a
London Club — George Marlay, M.A., Bishop of Dromore
— Everard Maynwaring — Old French Terms — St. Paul's
School — Rabit, or Rabyte — Roman Coins found in Mala-
bar— Seatonian Prize Poems — Scottish Heraldry — Lt.-
Col. Robert Walker, 505.
QUEBIES WITH ANSWERS : — Kaynard : Canard — Trimmers
— Erasmus and Dean Colet — Theocritus : Hesiod — Swiney
Bequests — Dr. Erasmus Saunders — Giordano Bruno —
Loggerhead, 507
REPLIES : — St. Cecilia, the Patroness of Music, 509— The
Scottish Aceldama, 510 — Bishops in Waiting, Ib. — The
Syriac Version of the Apocalypse, 511 — John . Clarke,
Schoolmaster of Hull, Ib. — Quotations, References, &c.,
512 — Centenarianism, Id. — The Hemmings and William
of Wykeham — Arms of Paget — Felkin's Papers — Dr.
John Askew — Egyptian Inscriptions — Elizabeth Gousell
— Owen Fitz-Pen, alias Phippen, a Melcombe Man —
Heiress's Son — Wills — Anonymous Works — Beauty and
Love — Jacobite Query: James Nihel — John Bradshaw
and Mar pie Hall — Origin of the Word Superstition —
Ignez de Castro, &c., 513.
Notes on Books, &e.
SOMERSETSHIRE WILLS.
The following wills are transcribed from an
ancient and authentic MS. : —
"T. Will" Harvie de Stowford, P'ochia de Barwicke.
" In the name of God, Amen, the xvj. day of the moneth
of Marche, in the yeare of owre lord god, 1540. I Wil-
liam Harvie of Stowford, beying good of remembrans,
mayke my testament and last Wyll, in this manner
folowen : — First, I bequethe my sowle to Almyghetie
god, to owre blyssed ladie Saynt Marie, and to all the
holie companye of heavyn, and my bodie to be buried
wythin the P'yshe churche of Mary Mawdelyn, yn Bar-
wycke. Also, I bequethe to the Mother Churche of
Wells, xijd. Also, I geve and beqaethe to the hie crosse
light of the churche of Barwycke, viijd. Also, I geve to
Syr John Gryme, my curett, for my forgotten tehyes,
iij8 iiijd. Also, y geve to the P'yshe churche of Barwick,
x«. Also, I geve vnto my sonne, Antonye Harvie, a
Goblett of Sylv. wyth cou. [cover]. Also, a bedde in the
low chambre, w* the tester and curtens p'teynyng to the
same, and the hangyngs of say ( ?) that ys in the hawle,
after my wyves decease. Also, I bequeth to Richard
Harvie, my sonne, my salte of sylver, wl the cou., and my
bedde that I do lye vpon, w* the p'tnaunce, after my
•wyves decesse, yn lyke man. Also, I geve vnto Jone
Harvye, yn money and ware, £vj xiij" iiijd. Also, to
Anne Coles I geve £iiij in money or catell. Also, to eu'y
one of my godchyldren, iiijd. Also, to eu'y one of Richard
Harvie's chyldren, a shepe. Also, I geve and bequethe
to Phillipp Harvie, one colte. The resideu of all my
goods, moveable and vnmovable, above not tbequethed, I
geve yt to Agnes my wyffe, whom I mayke my vereye
executrix to dispose y' to the welthe of my sowle as she
shall thynke y* best. To this beyng wytnes, Syr John
Gryme, P'son of Barwycke, Richard Harvie, Thomas Frye,
and many others."
" T. Margarete Jorden, de Frome.
" In the name of God, Amen. The viij. day of Marche,
the yeare of owre Iprde, 1539, I Margarett Jorden, hole
in mynd, and sicke in bodie, makethe my testament and
last wyll in this man. followynge : — First, I beqneth my
sowle to almyghtie god, my bodie to be buried in the
churcheyard of Seynt [sic] Baptist in Frome. Item, I geve
vnto the churche of Wells, iiijd. It'm, I geve vnto
Richard Morgan a payr of shets, one candelstycke, one
coppe of sylver gylte, and one spone of sylver. Item, I
geve vnto the wyffe of John Bayn, a Kyrtell violett
color. It'm, I geve vnto Cabege wj'ffe a gowne, violett
colour. It'm, I geve vnto Isbell Spender a violett kyr-
tell, one peticote, one smocke, one apurne, one kyrcht'n
holand, one neckyrchew. Item, I geve to Thomas Phil-
lipps, curate, one peyr of shets, and one candelstycke.
It'm, I geve vnto Robert Grey one payr of shets, one
candelstycke and a Towell of dyap. [diaper] for his aulter.
It'm, I geve vnto John Homer the yong'r, s'vant vnto
M'r. Thomas Homer, fower platters of pewter. It'm, I
geve vnto Thomas Bullocke iiij platters. It'm, to John
Horsman, iiij platters. It'm, to John Basyng iiij plat-
ters. It'm, to John Trugwell, iiij platters. It'm, to
George Felon, ij platters. It'm, to Denne Bnrnough, the
crowne of V, the which she borrowed of Edward Jorden,
my husband. It'm, to Jone Selvye, a kyrtell of violett.
It'm, to John Watman 'is wyffe, one payr of canvas shets.
It'm, to Jone Adene, one blacke kyrtell. It'em, Isbell
my elder daughter, one grene gowne, one reade peticote,
one brasse potte, one panne, and one kyrchew of bocke-
ram, vpon this condicyon, that her husband and she shall
seale to me and myne executor a generall acquitaunce.
It'm, to Maystres Cooke, one smocke, the best, one ker-
chew of holand, and one neckyrchew. It'm, to Margarett
Johns, one kyrche violett, one payr of clamlett sieves,
and my mantel). It'm, to the hie auter in Frome one
tabel clothe for an auter clothe. It'm, to John Bayn, for
his labor takyng for me ix' vjd of the money in his hand.
The Residew of all my goods not before bequest, my detts
and funerall expences payd, I geve frelie to John Danyell,
my servante, making him my hole executor, ordynging
Mr. Thomas Horner myn overseer, gevyng hym for his
labor and payns takyng, one pese of sylver and a Spruse
borde. The wytness's Syr Thomas Phillipps, Curett, Syr
Robert Grey, P'st, Mr John Cooke, and John Bayn, &
others."
This will is interesting as proving that the fa-
mily of the Homers, now of Mells Park, near
Frome, were settled in the neighbourhood in 1539,
the year in which Glastonbury Abbey was seized
by Henry VJII., and Abbot Whyting murdered
by order of the same rapacious and unscrupulous
monarch. The curious and well-known nursery
rhyme of " Little Jack Horner " originated, it is
said, at this time, in connection with a circumstance
by which one of the abbot's estates passed into the
name of Horner. Whether this legendary tale
had any foundation in fact I won't pretend to de-
cide, though it seems certain that the Homers did
get a considerable share of the abbey estates, and
to which circumstance the following old distich
may be traced : —
" HORNER, Popham, Wyndham, and Thynne,
When the abbot came out, then they went in."
INA.
Wells, Somerset.
502
NOTES AND QUERIES.
S. II. DEC. 27, '62.
SHAKSPEARIAXA.
PASSAGES IN HAMLET (3rd S. ii. 269.)—
" The dram of eale
Doth all the noble substance of a doubt
To his own scandle."
All difficulty would be removed, according to
MR. HIBAM COBSON, if Shakspeare had under-
stood the word " substance " as a verb ; but, un-
happily, he never has done so. It is a want in
him, I dare say, but we must bear his faults with
patience !
Let me propose another emendation : — The
doubtful word "eale," in its real form, must
have contained a sense opposite to " noble," and
for that purpose I find no better word than "vile."
" A doubt," I understand as a misprint for " a
draught;" for Hamlet has just spoken about
drinking, and has just used the word "draughts :"
so that he quite naturally, after a moral discourse,
returns to his first remark, uses it as an allegory,
and, as MB. HIBAM COBSON says, " imbues it with
the essence" of philosophical reflection." After
that, I should like to change the word "Doth"
into " Turns," and to read the lines as follows : —
" The dram of vile
Turns all the noble substance of a draught,
To his own scandal."
Berlin, Oct. 1862. Hafenplatz, 4.
F. A. LEO, DR.
" Hamlet. The king doth wake to night, and keeps his
rouse ....
And as he drains his draught of Rhenish down,
The kettledrum and trumpet thus bray out
The triumph of his pledge.
" Horatio. Is it a custom ?
" Hamlet. Aye, marry is't." — Act I. Sc. 4.
" King. Give me the cup :
And let the kettle to the trumpet speak,
The trumpet to the cannoneer withe ci,
The cannons to the heavens, the heavens to earth —
' Now the king drinks to Hamlet ! ' "—Act V. Sc. 2.
It has been suggested by critics, that there is a
covert allusion in these lines, and in other pas-
sages of the play, to the habits of the tipsy king,
Christian IV., brother of James I.'s Danish wife.
Rut whence did Shakspeare derive his account of
the "custom"? And was it the custom of the
Danish Court only, or of others ? And had it
any special meaning ?
In Gfrb'rer's Life of Gustavus Adolphus (Stutt-
gart, 1 837, p. 150), I find the following. He is
describing the reception of a Swedish envoy by
the same king, Christian IV., in 1616; a few
years after the appearance of the play of Hamlet.
" At a solemn banquet which was given in his honour,
and at which he occupied a place by the King's right
hand, Skytte (the envoy) rose up, addressed Christian IV.
in Latin, and drank brotherhood to him in the name
of his own sovereign. Christian arose, answered the
speech of the envoy, pledged him, and, with the sound of
cannon and kettledrums, emptied the goblet to the bot-
tom. This custom (adds Gfrttrer) was not then a mere
ceremony in the North. Gustavus might feel assured,
that the Danish king would not give him trouble, at
least for some time to come."
If this be true, and if Shakspeare knew it, then
the passage in the fifth act has a dramatic force
of its own. The king is giving a solemn (and
treacherous) assurance of good faith to Hamlet.
JEAN LE TROUVEUR.
SuAKSPEARE EMENDATIONS: " To MOSE IN THE
CHINE." — In the Taming of the Shrew, Act III.
Sc. 1, there is a ludicrous description of Petruchio
and his horse. The latter is said to be hipped
with an old motley saddle, and stirrups of no
kindred, besides possessed of the glanders, and
like to mose in the chine, &c. This should, I think,
be mourn in the chine ; and, if so, mose is a mis-
print.*
Bailey says, "Mourning of the chine (in horses),
a disease which causes ulcers in the liver ; " and
Edward Phillips's New World of Words has the
same.
In Topsel's History of Four-footed Beasts,
p. 289, " Mourning of the chine " is noticed as a
disease of horses, and he says, " it is a corrupt
name borrowed from the French tongue, wherein
it is called Mart deschien, that is, the death of the
back." S. BEISLEY.
SHAKSPEARE AND BACON. — One reason why
Bacon never alludes to Shakspeare was probably
the supposed covert attack, in the character of
Falstaff, upon the father of Bacon, who was re-
markable for some wit, but most distinguished for
his enormous size. Fuller describes this Lord-
Keeper Nicholas Bacon, as one " cui fuit ingenium
subtile in corpore crasso." . T. J. BUCKTON.
Lichfield.
" DOATING HERB JUICE " : Midsummer Nighfs
Dream, Act II. Sc. 2. — What is the name of the
herb which Shakspeare alludes to in this scene ? —
" The juice of it, on sleeping eyelids laid,
Will make or man or woman madly doat
Upon the next live creature that it sees."
Oberon says to Puck : —
« Fetch me thit herb ; and be thou here again,
Ere the leviathan can swim a league."
In the previous lines he speaks of a " flower,"
called " love in idleness," and Puck is commanded
to fetch that "flower" also. Am I correct in
supposing the " herb," which yields the juice, to
be a different plant to the flower called " love in
idleness"? S. B.
SHAKSPEARE AND SIB THOMAS BBOWNE. — In
the fifth act of Macbeth, Sc. 5, we have the
words — "I 'gin to be a-weary of the sun." The
same phrase occurs in the Religio Medici of Sir
Thomas Browne, forty-first section — " Methinks
['See Nares's Glossary, art. MOSE.— ED.]
3rd S. II. DEC. 27, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
503
I have outlived myself, and begin to be weary of
tbe sun." Macbeth, one of the later plays of
Shakspeare, was first published in 1623. The
Seligio Medici appeared in 1642. Are we to
infer that Sir .Thomas got the expression from
Macbeth, and is there any other internal evidence
in his writings of his familiarity with Shakspeare ?
J.
To " SPEAK BY THE CARD " (Hamlet, Act V.
Sc. 1), is said by Nares to be an allusion to the
card of the mariner's compass, but this seems
doubtful. In Hakluyt there is a letter from Davis
on his return home, to Sanderson, one of the chief
merchant adventurers, and in it he says : —
" I hope I shall find favour with you to see your Card-
I pray God it be so true as the Card shall be which I
will bring you."
Here the reference to Sanderson's Card evi-
dently shows that Sanderson had previously com-
municated with Davis, and probably on matters
touching the voyage and venture. Hence the
cards alluded to may have been " Gardes " or
charts of the regions visited, or more probably
the cartae or charters, or bonds of agreement as
to the vessel and her voyage and cargoes. Carta,
in Italian, whence so many mercantile terms were
borrowed, is " Any indenture, bill, bond, evidence,
record, or contract written " (Florio's Q. An. N.
World of Words') and Carta di partita is what
these cards may have been ; a charterparty, and
far la carta, is to write a bond, and dare carta
bianca, to give a blank bond or free licence.
Possibly some of the readers of " N. & Q." may
be able to adduce quotations in which card is
used in this sense of bond or contract; but
whether to speak by the card is to speak by the
chart, or by the bond, it, like the synonymous
expression, " to speak by the book " means to
confine oneself exactly to what is written or laid
down. BENJ. EASY.
VERSES ATTRIBUTED TO THE AMERICAN
PRESIDENT.
This cutting from The Star of Dec. 16th, 1862,
— is it not worth preserving in " N. & Q. ? " It
tells its own tale. I have a verbatim copy of the
lines, which I wrote in a scrap-book in 1828.
How they should have been ascribed to President
Lincoln is far more wonderful than that their
real authorship should have been so satisfactorily
proved, and for which many of your readers will
be as thankful to SIB JAMES EMERSON TENNENT
as J. O.N.K.
Brighton.
" To the Editor of ' The Star:
" SIR, — Some lines 'On Pride,' said to have been
written by the President of the United States, have been
put in circulation by the American press ; and Mr. Lin-
coin hasjbund it necessary to disclaim their authorship.
A correspondent of The Star, who assumes the verses to
be of English origin, wishes to ascertain by whom they
were written.
" Their author was well known to me. He was Mr.
William Knox, a Scotch gentleman, who died in youth,
about forty years ago, after publishing a small volume
of lyrics under the title of ' Songs of Israel,' chiefly
founded on passages in the Hebrew Scriptures.
" The lines now ascribed to the American President
were given to me by Mr. Knox, in the year 1824. They
were entitled by the author ' Mortality,' and have allu-
sion to some highly poetical portions of Job and Eccle-
siastes. A copy in extenso is subjoined.
"J. EMERSON TENNENT."
" MORTALITY."
" 0 why should the spirit of mortal be proud?
Like a fast-flitting meteor, a fast-flying cloud,
A flash of the lightning, a break of the wave, —
He passes from life to his rest in the grave.
" The leaves of the oak and the willows shall fade,
Be scattered around, and together be laid ;
And the young and the old, and the low and the high,
Shall moulder to dust, and together shall lie.
" The child that a mother attended and loved,
The mother that infant's affection that proved,
The husband that mother and infant that blest,
Each — all are away to their dwelling of rest.
" The maid on whose cheek, on whose brow, in whose eye,
Shone beauty and pleasure — her triumphs are by;
And the memory of those that beloved her and praised,
Are alike from the minds of the living erased.
"The hand of the king that the sceptre hath borne,
The brow of the priest that the mitre hath worn,
The eye of the sage, and the heart of the brave,
Are hidden and lost in the depths of the grave.
" The peasant whose lot was to sow and to reap,
The herdsman who climbed with his goats to the steep,
The beggar that wandered in search of his bread,
Have faded away like the grass that we tread.
" The saint that enjoyed the communion of heaven,
The sinner that dared to remain unforgiven,
The wise and the foolish, the guilty and just,
Have quietly mingled their bones in the dust.
" So the multitude goes, like the flower and the weed \
That wither away to let others succeed ;
So the multitude comes — even those we behold,
To repeat every tale that hath often been told.
" For we are the same things that our fathers have been,
We see the same sights that our fathers have seen ;
We drink the same stream, and we feel the same sun,
And we run the same course that our fathers have run.
"The thoughts we are thinking our fathers would think,
From the death we are shrinking from they too would
shrink ;
To the life we are clinging to they too would cling —
But it speeds from the earth like a bird on the wing.
" They loved — but their story we cannot unfold ;
They scorned — but the heart of the haughty is cold ;
They grieved — but no wail from their slumbers may
come;
They joyed — but the voice of their gladness is dumb.
" They died— ay, they died ! and we things that are now
Who walk on the turf that lies over their brow,
Who make in their dwellings a transient abode,
Meet the changes they met on their pilgrimage road.
504
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. DEC. 27, '62.
ondence, and pleasure and pain,
Are mingled together, like sunshine and rain ;
And the smile and the tear, and the song and the dirge,
Still follow each other like surge upon surge.
«"Tis the twink of an eye, 'tis the draught of a breath,
From the blossom of health to the paleness of death ;
From the gilded saloon to the bier and the shroud —
0 why should the spirit of mortal be proud? "
fSLinat flatti.
THOMAS PHAER, M.D. — This learned physician,
whose will is included in the list of " Wills of
Eminent Persons " (" N. &. Q." 3rd S. ii. 403),
ended his days in Pembrokeshire. George Owen,
the antiquary, in his History of Pembrokeshire
(temp. Elizabeths) speaks of Dr. Phaer in the
following terms : —
" Thomas Phaer, doctor of phisick, a man honoured
for his learning, commended for his government, and
beloved for his pleasant natural conceipts; he chose
Pembrokeshire for his earthly place, where he lived
worshipfully, and ended his days, to the greeffe of all
good men, at the Forest of Kilgarran his chosen seat ; he
translated the Eneydes of Virgil, a worke none worthily
commend, though commended of most, shewing in the
author, his great skill, learning, and aptness of nature." *
I have seen a copy of Phaer's translation of
Virgil. It is in black-letter.
JOHN PAVIN PHILLIPS.
Haverfordwest.
KING. — A familiar example of a name becom-
ing a title is " Caesar." In Hallam's Middle Ages
(n. to chap. ii. p. 2), the author, quoting from Sir
F. Palgrave, says — " Amongst the Teutons, in
general, the word king, probably derived from
the Celtic tongue," &c.
The Celts were of Oriental origin according to
the Encycl. Bri(., but were an earlier offshoot
than the Huns, Sclaves, &c.
China, like Egypt, had a monarchical govern-
ment from the remotest antiquity ; or at any rate
its subsequently consolidated provinces had their
petty kings to rule them ; and we know that king
was a very common termination of royal names
throughout several dynasties in China. Might not,
therefore, the emigrants from Central and Eastern
Asia have carried with them the name king ; and
on substituting for their petty rulers a sovereign
prince, bestowed on him the title of king, just as
the semi- barbarous Russians adopted that of Caesar
in mutation of the successors of Julius Caesar ?
S.
" SCUM CUIQUE." — The newspapers of the 20th
Nov. contain a report of the proceedings at a
meeting in Bankruptcy, in Basinghall Street, " re
Saltmarsh;" in the course of which the following
dialogue is given : —
[* Phaer is also noticed in Malkin's South Walts, p.
438.-ED.]
" Mr. Reid. Well, people must get a living some-how."
" Commissioner. That is just what the libeller said to
the Minister : ' We must live some-how.' To which the
Minister replied : ' I see no necessity for that.' "
Whereupon the report says there was " a laugh."
With all respect to the learned Commissioner,
1 state a doubt as to his accuracy with regard to his
dramatis persona. If my recollection serves me
right, these were Le Pere Adam and Voltaire :
the former, I need hardly say, was the philoso-
pher's chaplain at Sans Souci, where he officiated
in the chapel which Voltaire graced with the
impiously arrogant inscription, " Deo erexit Vol-
taire " (which, however, is hardly worse than may
be read any day, here in orthodox England, over
the almshouses on Richmond Hill : " Deo et Ca-
rolo"). Le Pere Adam, as his great master said
of him — " n'ctait pas le premier d'hommes." In
fact, he was a poor, ignorant, illiterate priest ;
whose imbecility recommended him to Voltaire
for the opportunity it gave him of maligning the
priesthood in general from a particular sample.
One day the Lord of Ferney was (his " custom
always of the afternoon ") poking his fun at his
reverence, and by dint of his superior powers had
poked him up into a theological corner, from
which the poor unlettered priest could not extri-
cate himself: then said Voltaire, "You see, your
tenets are incapable of defence, you can't believe
in what you can't prove. Why on earth do you
continue in the priesthood?" "II faut vivre,"
muttered the poor disconcerted religionnaire. To
which Voltaire replied, coolly, wittily, cruelly :
" Je n'en vois pas la necessite."
I am almost afraid to obtrude this story on
your readers, because it is so very familiar to me,
that I suppose it must be equally so to the ma-
jority of them ; but now-a-days, when the " Je
m'en vais voir," of Montesquieu ; the " La garde
meurt mais ne se rend pas," of Cambronne ; the
" Up, Guards, and at them," of Wellington ; and
other famous alleged words of famous men, are
sought to be washed out of the pages of history,
it is, it seems to me, of some importance that even
the biting, unfeeling, yet witty sneer on the sub-
ject of which I trouble you, should retain its
authorship before the world. JAMES KNOWLES.
PROVINCIAL OFFICERS OF THE ARCHBISHOP OF
CANTERBURY. — The enthronisation of a new occu-
pant of the Patriarchal See of Canterbury is
almost the only occasion on which those prelates
who hold ex officio provincial appointments ap-
pear in their official capacity. When recently
Archbp. Longley was formally placed in the chair
of St. Augustine, and publicly acknowledged as
his successor, three of the provincial officers at-
tended in person, and one by proxy ; whilst, of
the remaining two, one appears to have been
ignorant that he held office at all. A good deal
of misconception exists as to the nature of the
3'd S. II. DEC. 27, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
505
offices held by the Right Reverend Prelates who
appeared on the above-mentioned occasion at
Canterbury ; and even The Times, misled pro-
bably by the Clergy List, fell into several blun-
ders, which were more or less perpetuated in
other newspaper accounts of the ceremony.
The following list of provincial officers may,
therefore, not prove uninteresting ; it is extracted
from Burn's Ecclesiastical Law, and verified by
comparison with similar works of authority : —
Bishop of London, Dean ; Bishop of Winchester,
Chancellor ; Bishop of Lincoln, Vice-chancellor ;
Bishop of Salisbury, Precentor ; Bishop of Wor-
cester, Chaplain ; Bishop of Rochester, Cross-
bearer.
The Bishop of Salisbury, it may be noted, is
also Precentor of the College of Bishops. The
Clergy List and newspapers call the Bishop of
Winchester, Sub-dean ; and the Bishop of Ro-
chester, Chaplain ; but hitherto I have been un-
able to find any authority for the former of such
statements ; although, of course, the offices of
Chancellor and Sub-dean might be held by the
same bishop. The mistake of calling the Bishop
of Rochester chaplain probably arose from a
confusion between the crozier (which pertains to
an archbishop as a pastoral staff does to a bishop)
and the processional cross : the former being di-
rected by the rubric to be borne by the" chaplain,
if not carried by the archbishop himself; whilst
the latter was always carried immediately before
the officiating prelate by a functionary specially
appointed for the purpose. Numerous references
to the ancient office of " cross-rbearer," will be
found in Dean Hook's Lives of the Archbishops of
Canterbury. J. A. PN.
CHRISTMAS CUSTOM AT ACK.WORTH. — The fol-
lowing interesting custom at Saint Cuthbert's
Church, Ackworth, Yorkshire, may not be out of
place to record at this season ; viz., a sheaf of
corn is suspended on Christmas eve outside the
porch, for the especial benefit of the birds. Is
there any similar case of the same benevolence to
our warblers practised in England ? I believe it
of Norwegian origin. W. P. L.
MOCK-SUN. — Returning from Italy a few days
ago, I was delayed at Folkstone for the London
train. I passed the time by pacing the pier ;
while so doing, I saw, as I thought, the sun set-
ting over the coast of France ! While gazing in
astonishment, an old salt said to me, " Did you
ever see a mock sun ? " " Never before," said I.
" Well, then, there's one." This singular phe-
nomenon lasted about five minutes. The sky was
clear in England, but there were heavy clouds
over the French coast, and behind these, or in
their midst, appeared a perfect reflection of the
setting sun behind me. The time was about half-
past four o'clock, p.m. The day was calm ; but
for several days previously there had been con-
siderable wind.
Is a mock sun a rare sight in England ?
SEPTIMUS PIESSE, F.C.S.
Chiswick.
ANONYMOUS. — Who is author of (1.) A Bur-
lesque of the Alcestis of Euripides, 1815, by Is-
sachar Styrke? (2.) Prometheus Britannicus; cr,
John Bull and the Rural Police, by a Rugbean.
London, 1840? Tilt. (3.) The Brother and Sister,
a little drama for children, by the author of Lily.
London, 1808? Harris, publisher. (4.) Theodore,
or the Progress of Gaming, a Poem, published by
Vernor & Hood about 1799 or 1800 ?
11. INGLIS.
CASHMERE. — The writer is anxious to ascertain
the name, &c., of any published English translation
(or original) of a history of Cashmere ; also, an
exact reference to Mr. Prinsep's translation of
the Pali inscriptions on the lats at Allahabad and
Delhi. S.,
THE GEORGES, A LONDON CLUB. — Among the
numerous clubs of the last century were some
that were composed of persons of particular names.
Such was the Gregorians, of which some notices
have been given in "N. & Q." 2nd S. v. 316, 424 ;
vi. 206, 273 ; vii. 156.
Another instance is mentioned in The Spectator,
where it said : —
" A Christian name has likewise been often used as a
badge of distinction, and made the occasion of a club.
That of THE GEORGES, which used to meet at the sign
of the George on St. George's Day, and swear Before
George, is still fresh in every one's memory." — Spectator,
No. 9, March 10, 1710-11.
I should be thankful for any other notices that
are to be found of THE Georges. J. G. N.
GEORGE MARLAY, M.A., BISHOP OF DROMORE. —
Bishop Mant has thus written respecting Bishop
Marlay in his History of the Church of Ireland,
vol. i. p. 673 : —
" The only bishop, who died in possession of the See of
Dromore, from 1713 to 1781, the date of Bishop Percy's
appointment, was George Marlay. He died suddenly in
Dublin, April 13, 1763. The place of his burial I have
in vain attempted to discover ; but by his present lineal
representative it is thought that he was not buried at
Dromore."
i ,& Can any reader of " N. & Q." tell where he was
buried ? And whether any monument was erected
to his memory ? According to Bishop Mant (vol.
ii. p. 606), he " was of an English family, and, I
believe, of English birth ; as was his elder brother
[Thomas], at this time [1741—1751] Lord Chief
Justice of [the King's Bench in] Ireland." Arch-
deacon Cotton's valuable Fasti Ecclesice Hiber-
niccB throws no light upon the subject of my
506
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3rd S. II. DEC. 27, '62.
Query ; nor does any other book within my reach.
The point is of some interest in connection with
Bishop Jeremy Taylor. ABHBA.
EVEBARD MATNWARING, son of Reuben Mayn-
waring, rector of Gravesend, born in that town
and educated in the school there under Mr. Chan-
delor, was admitted sizar of 8. John's College,
Cambridge, 21 Jan. 1644-5, act. 16, and proceeded
M.B. 1652. He is author of numerous medical
works published 1664 to 1697, and to him is
attributed (but perhaps erroneously) Medica-
menta Chymica, Lond. 8vo, 1645. Any particu-
lars respecting him will be acceptable. As he
was not a Member of the College of Physicians,
it is presumed that he did not practise in London.
C. H. & THOMPSON COOPEB.
Cambridge.
OLD FRENCH TERMS. — If any of your cor-
respondents can explain the meaning of the words
italicised in the following passages extracted
from a French work in my possession, I shall be
greatly obliged to them. It is in two volumes,
published at Abbeville chez T. Jeunet, 1854-56,
and entitled, —
" Notices Historiques, Topographiqnes etl ArcWolo-
giques sur 1'arrondissement d'Abbeville. Par Ernest
Praror.d, Membre de la Societ<5 des Antiquaires de Pi-
cardie," &c.
The passages occur in the second volume,
Ep. 146, 147, in the description of the town of
e Crotoy (which was for many centuries a fief
held jointly by the kings of France as Counts of
Ponthieu and the Abbots of Saint Riquier),
where it is stated that by an" agreement made in
1248 between Gautier, Abbot of Saint Riquier
and Mathieu, Count of Ponthieu, and Marie, his
wife, it is stipulated —
" Que les betes de I'Abbd et du Convent et de leurs
Homines de Maioc (an adjoining village) peuvent aller
en pat ure par toutes lea terres guagnables et en esteules et
ailleurs sans faire dommage & autrui iTablais ni de wa-
gnegts ; mais si les betes e'taient prises dans les dunes, le
Comte aurait 1'amende; personne ne pourra faucher
1'herbe sans le conge' da Comte, mais il est convenu
qu'on cherquemanera les elites dunes."
A few clauses further on it is said : —
" Les tenemens du fief de Saint Riquier, dans la ban-
liene de la commune doivent etre cherquemanf.t par les
Maire et Echevins en appelant le Sergent de 1'Abbaye
pour qu'il soil present"
Most of your readers will probably know that
the " dunes " are the sand-hills driven up by the
wind on many parts of the coast between the
mouth of the Somme and Boulogne.
F. C. WILKINSON.
ST. PAUL'S SCHOOL. — Have the Lists of Admis-
sion to this School ever been published ? If not,
are they accessible, and by what means can a re-
sident in the country obtain information from
them ? Do the admissions record the parents of
the boys admitted ? T. P.
RABIT, OR RABTTE. — Du Cange quotes Ar-
noldus Lubecensis (ii. c. 7) : " ascensis equis,
rdbitis, mulis, quidam etiam asinis, processerunt
ad urbem Hierosolymitanam."
As I find in Egillson, Old Norse Poet. Lexic. —
" Rabitar, m. pi. Arabes " — I wish to propose this
Query : Whether rabyte, rabit, or rabyght, be not
an Arabian steed ? e. g. : —
" Then came the Dewke Segwyne ryght
Armed on a rabett wyght." — Halliwell.
Query the reference in Spenser for —
" With rich spoil of ransacked chastity " ? *
E. H. KNOWLES.
St. Bees.
ROMAN COINS FOUND IN MALABAR. — At a
meeting of the Royal Asiatic Society, on Nov. 17,
1862, Colonel Sykes mentioned " the recent acci-
dental discovery on the banks of a river in Mala-
bar of large quantities of gold Roman coins of the
early empire. These coins were found, not in
hundreds merely, but in bushels full." What is
the name of the river in Malabar on which these
Roman gold coins were found ? ANON.
SEATONIAN PRIZE POEMS. — The Rev. E.
Smedley published, in 1829, Saul at Endor, a dra-
matic poem, written for the Seatonian Prize. Are
there any other of the published Seatonian Prize
Poems written in dramatic form ? R. INGLIS.
SCOTTISH HERALDRY. — Will one of your cor-
respondents, learned in such matters, kindly give
me an answer to the following question ? —
Is the head of a Scottish family, descended by
the female line from the former chief, entitled to
carry supporters to his arms ?
It may be objected that a descendant by the
female line cannot, by Highland laws, be head
of his house ; but when the direct male line is
extinct, as there must be some head of the family,
the descendant by the female line is the only one
entitled to be regarded as such.
If this be conceded, my question in fact is re-
solved into this dilemma : Are supporters borne by
a chief, as being head of his family ; or, as being
a male descendant of the founder of his house ?
SCOTUS OXONIENSIS.
LT.-COL. ROBERT WALKER. — The Annual Re-
gister for 1842, and the Gentleman s Magazine for
the same year (p. 545), both state that on Aug.
6, died " at Holland Lodge, near Edinburgh, at
an advanced age, Col. David Walker, Lt.-Gover-
nor of Sheerness." A lengthy obituary notice
follows, which however neglects to state that Col.
David Walker was appointed M.-General in
July, 1821 ; and that in the Army List of Jan. 29,
[* See The Faerie Queene, book i. can. vi. ver. 5.]
3ri S. II. DEC. 27, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
507
1841, he is marked as dead. The Lt.-Governor
of Sheerness, however, who had held that office
since 1813, was Lt.-Col. Robert Walker, one
who had risen from an ensigncy in the 15th regi-
ment of foot (1776) to the rank of Lt.-Col. in
the Duke of Kent's 7th regiment of Royal Fusi-
liers, and who afterwards held the same rank in
the 9th R. Vet. Bn. ; he had also, I believe, been
an aide-de-camp of the duke in America. How
could such curious confusion of names occur ? G.
New York.
KAYNARD : CANARD. — What is the derivation
of the word " Kaynard," as used in the Wif of
Bathe's prologue? According to Halliwell, it
means a " rascal." What is the history of the
French " canard" as signifying an invented story
or hoax ? and can it be connected with Kaynard?
G. O. W.
[Tyrwhitt has a note on the line in the Wife of Bath's
Prologue, 1. 5817, in which he tells us, Cagnard or Cai-
gnard was a French term of reproach, which Menage
derived from Canis. It has not, apparently, any con-
nection with Canard, the origin of which, in a pleasant
hoax by Cornelissen, is related by M. Quetelet in the
A.nnuaire de f 'Academic, from which (through the me-
dium of Galignani), it has been transplanted into the
columns of " N. & Q." 2°d S. ii. 370.]
TRIMMERS. — Fishermen who fish in the River
Thame, near Dorchester, Oxon, catch pike by
setting what are called trimmers, being a line of
a certain length wound round a cork about three
inches in diameter (flotted like a bung), and cut
with a groove in the middle of the edge of the
cork. The end of the line, which falls into the
water about two feet, is furnished with a hook
baited with a small fish which the jack feeds on.
These trimmers are set in the evening, being
generally laid under a weed called by the com-
mon name of cap-weed (the water lily), and taken
up in the morning; sometimes with a jack, some-
times without. I do not find the word trimmer in
our dictionaries, or in Nares or Halliwell. What
is the word supposed to mean, and is there any
notice of its early use ? Walton and Cotton do not
mention the trimmer. S. BEISLBT.
[We suspect that the word, in the sense referred to by
our correspondent, is omitted by Halliwell for a very
good reason, namely, because Trimmer is not a merelv
provincial term, but good English. " Trimmer, in sport-
ing, a floating line left in the water to catch fish."
(Wright's Univ. Diet.') The trimmer is extensively used
in the upper waters of the Thames (where it is some-
times called a jigger), and throughout England. In
Norfolk the local term is Jigger. " Four days' pike-fishing
(in Norfolk) with trimmers, or liggers, as thev are pro-
vincially called." (Yarrell, British Fishes, i. 438.) The
trimmer, from being employed by night as well as by
day, is much used in poaching. It is also adopted occa-
sionally by sportsmen, but this is not considered quite
correct by the " two-handers," or regular anglers.
We have not met with any very early use of the word
trimmer in a piscatory sense ; but with a nautical mean-
ing it is employed by Camden: "their masts and trim-
mers overthrown, their cables cut:" and we should be
thankful to any reader who would give us a good account
of the word as used in this place.
The trimmer for pike-fishing is of various makes. A
good description of that employed in Norfolk is given by
Yarrell as cited above. In a trimmer commonly used in the
Thames the float is transfixed by a piece of wood loaded
with lead at the lower extremity, which is usually painted
of a bright colour. There is only just sufficient lead to
keep the stick upright in the water, and the line (with
hook baited) is attached to the upper end of the stick.
The pike on biting trims the apparatus, or brings it into
position : i. e. pulls under water what was before the
upper end of the stick, thus causing the painted end to
emerge and stand upright. Its appearance announces
that a fish has struck. Hence, according to the high
authority of one of our first London fishing clubs, the
origin of the piscatory use of the word Trimmer, j
ERASMUS AND DEAN COLET. — In Dodd's Cer-
tamen utrimque Ecclesias : a List of all the Eminent
Writers of Controversy, Catholics and Protestants,
since the Reformation, 1724 (reprinted in Scott's
edition of the Somers Tracts, xiii. 435), the names
of Erasmus and Colet are placed in antagonism,
although the subject on which these congenial
friends are represented as " adversaries " does not
appear calculated to produce any controversial
discord or embarrassment between a Roman Ca-
tholic and a Protestant. The list begins as fol-
lows : — Name and Dignity, John Colet, D.D.,
Dean of St. Paul's. Treatise, De pavore Christi.
Death, 1510. Adversary, Erasmus.
This treatise, which will be found in the Epi-
stolce of Erasmus, vol. iii. part n. c. 1789, ought
evidently to be placed under another controversy,
the Trinitarian or Humanitarian. Moreover,
Dodd was not justified in ranking Colet among
Catholics, for " his friend Erasmus owns that he
had much more heretical pravity in him than he
himself." (Knight's Life of Dr. John Colet, Oxf.
1823, p. 54.) Jortin (Life of Erasmus, ii. 201),
remarks : —
" Colet had a notion that Jesus Christ was not terrified
and cast down at the approach of his sufferings through
the infirmity of human nature, but that his agony pro-
ceeded from mere pity and grief for the impenitent Jews,
and for their destruction. Some of the Fathers had
talked much after the same manner. Erasmus wrote
this dissertation against the notion of Colet at Oxford.
Burigni hath given an inaccurate account of this treatise
of Erasmus," t. i. 178.
I shall be obliged if you or a correspondent will
furnish the account referred to.
BlBLIOTHECAR. CHETHAM.
[We subjoin the account from Vie d'Erasme, i. 175,
edit. 1757: "Us (Colet and Erasmus) &oient dans 1'ha-
bitude d'agiter, soit de vive voix soit par dcrit, des ques-
tions qui avoient rapport h 1'Ecriture sainte; et ils
n'e'toient pas toujours d'accord. Ils eurent une dispute
sur la crainte que J. Christ avoit temoigne de la mort,
508
NOTES AND QUERIES.
IS"1 S. IL DEC. 27, '62.
qui donna occasion u un Ecrit * qu'Erasme dedia h
Colet: il y examine si J. Christ otoit ttban<lonne de la
Divinite dans le terns qu'il demandoit quo si cela t-toit
possible, le Calice pnssat loin de lui. C'etoit le sentiment
de quelques The'ologiens ; mais ce n'etoit point celui
d'Erasme. II veat prouver dans son oavrage, quo c'est
«n-tant qn'Homme que J. Christ a parM ainsi, et qu'en
cette qualit^ il a craint la mort, qui est la suite du ptJehe,
et qui est mauvaise en elle-meme.
"Colet apres avoir vu 1'Ecrit d'Erasme, jugea (Epitt.
46, 1. 31 ) qu'il avoit fort bien de'fendu son sentiment : il ne
trouva cependant pas qu'il 1'eut de'montre'; il a'engagea
mime a re"pliquer quand il en auroit le loisir."]
THEOCRITUS : HESIOD. — An early Latin trans-
lation of part of Theocritus, as well as a Latin
translation of Hesiod's Opera et Dies, — the former
by Phileticus, the latter by Nicolseus de Valle,
both in hexameter verse, — I find in a small vo-
lume here, the former dedicated to Frederick,
Duke of Urbino, the latter to Pius II. There is
no date to the book, but it is evidently of very
early type. Phileticus praises the printer, whose
name was Eucharius, in fulsome terms at the
close of his portion of the translation —
" Mediis qui fulxit (sic) Athenis,
D»dalon exuperis artibus, ingenio.
Non tarn prajcipiti rapidus fluit sequore Tybris,
Quum celeri chartas imprimis ipse manu."
Is anything known of these translators, or the
date and residence of the printer Eucbarius ?
THOMAS E. WINNING-TON.
Stanford Court.
[This edition of Theocritus is noticed by Maittaire (An-
nalet Typog. torn. iv. pars i. and ii. p. 748), who has quoted
the laudatory lines on Eucbarius Argyrios, or Silber.
Cf. also Panzer, iv. 199. — NICHOLAS" VALLA, or DB
VALLE, who flourished in the fifteenth century, was a
Doctor of Civil Law, and Canon of St. Peter's, at Rome.
He undertook to translate Homer's Iliad into Latin verse,
but did not live to complete it. What he had already
translated was printed after his death in 1474, and again
in 1541. He died very young in 1473. (Bayle.)— Martin
PHILETICUS, or PHILELTHICUS, was an orator and poet in
the fifteenth century, and wrote, among other things, the
Life of Theocritus in Latin verse, 1471, 4to.— SILBKR,
otherwise called Franck (EUCHARIUS), was one of the
earliest printers at Rome under Julius II. He lived at
the end of the fifteenth and beginning of the sixteenth
century. — Zedler.]
SWINEY BEQUESTS. — Were the literary be-
qaeats of the will of George Swiney, M.D. of
Edinburgh, ever carried into effect? The will
may be seen in Gent's Mag. 1845, February.
GRIME.
[The two principal bequests of Dr. Swiney have been
carried into operation, namely, the establishment of a
Lectureship OH Geology, and the gift, every five years, to
the author of the best published work on Jurisprudence.
Dr. Swiney left 5000/. stock in the three per cent Con-
solidated Annuities (which the legacy duty reduced to
4500/.) to be administered by the Trustees of the British
* " Disputatinncnla de tsedio, pavore, tristitia Jesu in-
stante supplicio crncis, deque verbis quibns visns est mor-
tem deprecari : Pater, si fieri potest, transeat a me Calix
iste."
Museum, and which is paid by them annually to a Lec-
turer on Geology. Dr. Carpenter of Edinburgh was first
appointed by the Trustees, and according to the Ac-
counts of 1851-2, received for that year the sum of 140/.
In 1858, this lecture was delivered at the Museum of
Practical Geology in Jermyn Street, by Alex. Gordon
Melville, M D. The other bequest is administered by
the Society of Arts. On turning to their Journal of Jan.
27, 1854, we meet with the following resolution of the
Society: "That the bequest of the late George Swiney,
namely, 100/. contained in a silver goblet of the same
value, to the author of the best published work on Juris-
prudence, be adjudged to the work, entituled The Com-
mercial Law of the World, by Mr. Leone Levi." On the
third quinquennial anniversary of Dr. Swiney's death,
the prize was awarded to Dr. Alfred Swayne Taylor, F.R.S.
as the author of a treatise on Medical Jurisprudence.']
DR. ERASMUS SAUNDERS. — Lewis, in his Topo-
graphical Dictionary of Wale*, states, under
Manerdeivy, that "Dr. Erasmus Saunders was the
author of Short Illustrations of the Bible" Dr.
Saunders died in 1724. What is the size, the
date, and the title in full, of the said work ?
LLALLAWG.
£ This work is not in the list of Dr. Sannders's publica-
tions given in Watt's Bibliotheca Britannica, or in Darling's
Cyclnp&dia Bibliographica, nor is it to be found in the
Catalogues of the Bodleian or British Museum. Lewis
may be trusted on topography, but not on bibliography.]
GIORDANO BRUNO. — What are the authorities
for the engraved portraits of Giordano Bruno ? Is
any contemporary likeness known ? I am aware
of no portraits of him whatever, except the one
in Opcre di Jordano Brtmo, da Wagner, Lips.
1 830, and one (evidently a copy of this) in Vie et
Travaux de Jordano Bruno par Bartholm&s.
Is there any modern edition of the Latin works
of this great thinker ? K. P. D. E.
[The Latin writings of Bruno were published by
A.-Fr. Gfrorer at Stuttgard in 1834-36, Jordani Bruni
Nolani scripta qua latine confecit omnio, 2 vols, 8vo.}
LOGGERHEAD. — I am old enough to remember
some of the " squibs and crackers " of the Ameri-
can war of independence, and amongst others, I
recollect two lines, which were as follows : —
'• Solid men of Boston, go to bed at sundown,
And never lose your way like the loggerheads of Lon-
don."
Now I want to know the derivation of the word
loggerhead. Webster gives log and head as the
derivation, but I am not satisfied with his autho-
rity. I wish to see this word more effectually
ventilated. F. FITZ-HESRT.
[We so far agree with our correspondent, that we con-
sider Webster's derivation a little unsatisfactory at it
ttandt. But if it be borne in mind that log in Dutch, is
dull, slow, heavy, as in the phrase " een log verstand " (a
dull understanding), it may perhaps be admitted that
Webster is not far wrong.]
S. II. DEC. 27, '62.]
NOTES AND QUEKIES.
509
KtyKM.
ST. CECILIA, THE PATRONESS OF MUSIC.
(3rd S. ii. 370, 433.)
Many thanks to your valuable and obliging
correspondent F. C. H. for his answer to my
Queries respecting St. Cecilia. As the subject is
interesting, I venture to add a few more remarks
on the points in question.
I have lately received the loan of the Abbe
Gueranger's Histoire de Suinte Cecile (Paris, 1849).
The learned writer is Abbot of the Benedictine
Monastery of Solesmes, in France, and is well
known as the author of several liturgical works.
He appears to have used great diligence and
research in compiling his Life of St. Cecily.
But he has arrived at conclusions different from
those of Alban Butler. This judicious writer
asserts, that the " Acts are of very small autho-
rity." Gueranger, however, endeavours to prove
that they are of considerable authority. In chap.
xv. (p. 160), he enters into particulars, to which
I refer your readers. He maintains that the Acts
of the Saint were compiled in the ffth century.
These are his words : —
" C'est au cinquieme siecle, comme nous venons de le
dire, et non auparavant, que 1'on doit, ce nous semble,
rapporter la redaction definitive des Actes de notre Sainte.
.... Ces Actes appartiennent & la classe de ceux qui
furent rediges, apres la paix de PEglise, sur des Me"-
moires anterieurs. L'auteur voulut re*unir dans un seul
et meme re"cit les diverses circonstances de 1'histoire de
Sainte Cecile qu'il avait pu recueillir, soil des Actes re-
dige's par les Notaires de I'Eglise, soit d'autres ecrits
qui ne devaient pas etre rares dans une ville ou le culte
de la Sainte Martyre e"tait en si haute veneration, soit
enfin des traditions orales et des monuments figures. . . .
Nous aurons dans la suite de nombreuses occasions de
faire ressortir 1'exactitude de notre historien . . Qu'il jious
suffise d'observer ici que 1'auteur e"crivait sous les yeux
de ses concitoyens ; qu'il n'avait pas a raconter 1'histoire
d'un personnage obscur sur lequel il cut e"te" facile d'in-
venter sans exposer a etre contredit ; enfin, que ses re"-
cits ont 6t6 accepted universellement dans toutes les
Eglises de 1'Occident, des IMpoque que les vit paraitre.
La presomption la plus grave serait done en sa favour,
quand bien meme nous n'anrions pas & produire des
preuves distinctes et evidentes de sa veracite"," &c.
F. C. H. appears inclined to the belief, that
the Acts of St. Cecily were compiled by Simeon
Metaphrastes, in the tenth century. But the
Abbe Gueranger is of opinion, that Simeon Meta-
phrastes was merely a translator of the Acts
of the Saint into Greek : —
" Une version Grecque de ses Actes parut ;i Constan-
tinople vers la fin du neuvieme siecle." — P. 246.
The writer adds : —
" Nous ne nous sommes point impose la tache de de-
fendre ce pieux et celebre personnage de toutes les accu-
sations dont il a e"te" 1'objet ; mais nous devons attester
que Metaphraste, an lieu d'enfler par de nouveaux recits
et par ces amplifications qu'on lui a tant imputees, 1'ori-
ginal qu'il traduisait, s'est borne a faire passer dans la
langue Grecque, avec ur.e minutieuse fidelite, ce qu'il
trouvait sur le manuscrit Remain des Actes de Sainte
Cdcile," &c.— P. 247.
Dr. Milner's authority is found to be correct,
as well as the opinion of F. C. H., that there is no
ground, nor any foundation, for attributing musi-
cal talent to St. Cecily, as far as her authentic
Acts are concerned. While Gueranger blames
Alban Butler for following the opinion of Tille-
mont and Baillet, that the "Acts" of the Saint
" are of very small authority," he will not allow
at the same time, that Alban Butler is correct in
stating, " that St. Cecily, from her assiduity in
singing the divine praises (in which, according to
her Acts, she often joined instrumental music
with vocal), is regarded as patroness of church
music." The reason is, because there is no men-
tion— not even a single word — in her ancient
Acts, that she was acquainted with music.
Gueranger proves, that it was not till the six-
teenth century the Saint was chosen the Patroness
of Music. About the same period also, she was
for the first time represented in painting as musi-
cal, and with musical instruments, by Paul Vero-
nese, Salimbeni, Guido Reni, Carlo Dolci, and
Raphael. We are much indebted to the learned
Abbe for his valuable and most interesting Life
of St. Cecily. JOHN D ALTON.
I have examined the Histoire de Ste Cecile by
Gueranger, referred to by CANON DALTON, and it
has only confirmed my opinion. The author con-
tends, indeed, for the authenticity of the Acts of the
Saint — which is not the precise object of our pre-
sent inquiry — but he nowhere pretends that they
contain a word about any musical performances
of St. Cecily, beyond the hymn which she sang in
her heart to the Lord on the day of her nuptials.
When he comes to speak of the Saint's being
chosen Patroness of Music, he places the period so
late as the sixteenth century ; and he also repre-
sents Raphael as the first artist who painted the
Saint with a musical instrument, as I also did in
my former communication. When we consider
that this great painter represents her holding
organ pipes, it seems clear that he had in his
mind the cantantibus organis ; and Dr. Milner, I
still think, is quite correct in supposing that the
Saint was considered musical merely from a mis-
interpretation of those words. Gueranger, indeed,
derives the patronage attributed to St. Cecily
from no other source ; but he attempts an ampli-
fication which the words will not bear: —
" Au milieu de ces bruyants et profanes concerts, et
durant le cours de ceux qui s'executerent pendant le
festin, Cecile chantait aussi, mais dans son cceur, et sa
mllodie s'unissait a cells des Anges . . . . et pour honorer
le sublime concert que Cecile executait avec les Esprits ce-
lestes, bien audela des melodies de la terre, elle (la Chre-
tiente') 1'a saluee & jarnais Reine de Pharmonie." —
chap. iv.
510
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. DEC. 27, '62.
This is very fine and poetical, but it is not
borne out by the simple expression of the Acts :
" Caecilia Domino decantabat." I prefer confin-
ing myself to the plain words of the narrative,
and ain satisfied that the opinion of Bishop Milner
is the only one that will bear close criticism.
F. C. H.
THE SCOTTISH ACELDAMA.
(3rd S. ii. 274, 31G.)
On this subject allow me to correct an error,
under which I am afraid the memory of our Scot-
tish Covenanters is suffering prejudice.
The " original authority " for the statement in
question is neither John Howie, nor yet the
" martyrs' monuments," but an Englishman — a
Commissioner for the arrangement and ratifica-
tion of the Union, and highly popular author,
Daniel Defoe.
True, his fame chiefly rests on the free use made
of certain facts in the life of a Scottish sailor;
but it would be difficult to prove that his " Scot-
tish piece of history" is amenable to the like re-
lations of fact and fiction.
The writer professes to have —
— " applied himself by books, by just authorities, by oral
tradition, by living witnesses, and by all other rational
means, to make himself sufficiently master of the matters
of fact at least to furnish oat memoirs, though not a
perfect history, of these things; and to endeavour to
restore the general knowledge of these great transactions
to the use of posterity, till some more large and particu-
lar account of these things shall appear."
The computation, with its accompanying statis-
tical details will be found in Defoe's Memoirs of
the Church of Scotland, Part in. : " The Church,
in her persecuted state, from the Restoration to
the Revolution," and commences : —
" In this persecution, as has been collected from the
accounts both public and private, above 18,000 people
have suffered the utmost extremities their enemies could
inflict, of which the following particulars are a proof,
many of which can be proved even to the very names of
the persons, with the places of their abode."
The required " particulars " being furnished,
the author concludes : —
" The numbers of those who perished through cold,
hunger, and other distresses, contracted in their flight
into the mountains; wandering, without shelter or har-
bour, in dreadful winters, during the long space of twenty-
eight years' persecution, and who often came home in such
extremities as just to step into their own house to die,
and sometimes were, even in the article of death, de-
spatched by the murdering soldiers: these were many
thousands, and cannot be calculated, but will certainly
make up more than the number of 18.000 mentioned
above."
In an earlier paragraph of the same Part, we
find the nucleus of the above statement, as fur-
nished to Defoe, by an authority which may be
classed under the head either of " Oral Tradition,"
or " Living Witnesses :" —
" One reverend minister of the Church of Scotland
assured the writer hereof, that, taking in the people who
died in prisons and in banishment, there was an account
taken of above 18,000 people, whose blood these persecutors
have to account for; besides the numbers who, at the
time of the Revolution, were actually in prisons in the
Isle of the Bass, and another Castle, Blackness, Edin-
burgh, and other places."
These Memoirs were first published some years
after the Union ; and when, at a later date, those
who raised the Muirland headstones summarily
recorded the " murder of 18,000 Presbyterians by
' black prelacy ' ;" or when, later still, John Howie
prefaced his abridgement with the words, " It is
computed," they merely acted on that " general
knowledge of these great transactions," which it
was the object of Defoe to perpetuate.
WILLIAM GALLOWAY.
BISHOPS IX WAITING.
(3rd S. ii. 138,175.)
Absence from home, and other circumstances,
have hitherto prevented me from answering the
Queries propounded by J. R. I ain not able to-
produce any authority tatidem verlis for the state-
ment I made as to the precedence of bishops, but
I think the argument from analogy is very strong,
whilst that from authorised practice appears to me
quite conclusive. To begin with analogy : Scot-
tish and Irish peers, as such, have no seat in the
House of Lords, and consequently are not peers
of Parliament ; but will J. R. say that they are,
therefore, not entitled to precedence according
to their rank — that they are not to be accounted
"Lords"? A Scottish Earl, although having no
seat in Parliament, ranks as an Earl before Vis-
counts of England, Great Britain, and the United
Kingdom ; all of whom, as such, are numbered
amongst the members of the "Upper House."
This priority is granted to the Scotsman by an
Act of the legislature ; plainly showing that the
title and relative rank, but not the being a " peer
of Parliament," confers the right of precedence.
The case of Irish peers is similar. In the House of
Lords, the Duke of Argyll sits as Baron Sundridge;
but will J. R., in ordinary life, deny his grace the
titles and precedence of a duke ?
The case of the Irish bishops and Scottish re-
presentative peers is, I think, fatal to J. R.'a
theory : for, to be consistent, according to this
correspondent's view, " writs directed to them to
sit in the House of Lords " are necessary to make
them peers : ergo, whenever any of these prelates
or noblemen happen, by rotation or non-election,
respectively, to be without a seat among our
hereditary legislators, they ipso facto cease to be.
S'd S. II. DEC. 27, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
511
peers ; but are entitled, in some ensuing session,
to resume their former position only to lose it
again in the next ! The effect of such a doctrine,
if generally adopted, would be productive of some
rather curious results.
And now for ordinary usage : — King William
IV., it is well known, was always most particular
in giving the title of " Lord" to colonial bishops ;
and since the sovereign is "the fountain of honour,"
and can confer titles at will, this alone would
sufficiently justify my assertion at p. 138. Again,
if J. R. will inquire at any of the government
offices where a correspondence is maintained with
colonial bishops, he will find that the latter are
invariably addressed as " My Lord " and " Your
Lordship." Can higher authority than this b
required ? I am told also, on the first authority
that the reason of the late Bishop Weekes hesi-
tating about accepting the bishopric of Sierra
Leone, was because he objected to become
" Lord." A vulgar notion obtains, I admit
amongst an insignificant minority of the English
clergy, that colonial bishops are inferior to those
of the mother country ; but this idea only prevails
with those whose Erastian principles prompt them
to look upon a bishop as a mere servant of the
state. J. A. PN.
THE SYRIAC VERSION OF THE APOCALYPSE
(3rd S. ii. 296.)
I am obliged to MR. BUCKTON for his answer,
but it is not satisfactory. He says he quoted
Rev. xviii. 14, from the Philoxenian. I ask, did
the Philoxenian version contain the Apocalypse ?
To this he gives no answer, but suggests that I
may not be aware that the Apocalypse is wanting
in the Peshito, and refers to authorities in proof.
Not to know this I must be, indeed, a novice; and,
I am happy to say, that I also knew the defective
style of the Syriac Apocalypse. The question
should not be left here. I have for a long time
tried to find out where the Syriac version of Re-
velation came from, and I have found authors say-
ing that it was taken from the Philoxenian by De
Dieu, in 1627. This, however, is mere assump-
tion ; the Preface to De Dieu's edition which I
have does not say so. I do not find any intima-
tion of a version of the Apocalypse as part of the
Philoxenian, in White's edition. Ridley (De Sy-
riacis N. F. uersionibus, 176), it is true, mentions,
two MSS. of the Philoxenian as containing the
Apocalypse, but this is inconclusive, although
adopted by White as probable (Pref. p. xv.). Now
what says Adler, the great authority on these
matters ? Alluding to the very words of White
to which I refer, he says " sed tamen a genio Phi-
loxenianse versionis tantidem differt quantum a
simplice," &c. " It differs as much from the ge-
nius of the Philoxenian version as from the simple "
(Peshito). He concludes by saying, "We are
convinced that this version of the Apocalypse was
made by some one else than the common Syriac
version of the Gospels, but does not own Philoxe-
nus as its author." Dean Alford agrees with this
conclusion, and supports it by quoting Dr. Tre-
gelles and the German critic, Liicke. So far as I
can ascertain, also, the Syriac Apocalypse scarcely
ever occurs in MS., and never in very ancient
MSS. From personal examination I am able to-
add, that it is not to be found in MSS. where
there was every reason for noticing it if it really
formed part of the Philoxenian version. I may,
in explanation, say that I have examined nume-
rous Syriac lists of New Testament books, &c., at
the British Museum, and that I have found the
Apocalypse wanting from most of them, the Phi-
loxenian copies included. In one manuscript con-
taining the Apocalypse, I found the number 666
explained in Greek letters, AEATINO2, accompanied
by some characters which I could not read. The
same MS. contains 2 Peter and 2 and 3 John.
Prefixed to 2 Peter is a notice intimating that the
Second Epistle of Peter is not published in the Sy-
rian tongue with the books which were translated
in the days of the ancients, and is, therefore, not
found except in the version of Thomas, called the
Heraclean, after the name of Heraclea, his city.
This MS. is of the fourteenth century.
I had hoped that MR. BUCKTON had hit upon
some fact unknown to me, but I am disappointed,
and I must retain, for the present, my old opinion,
that the date and source of the Syriac Apocalypse
is a problem yet to be solved. At the same time
I expect it will be found that the version is not
very ancient. B. H. C.
JOHN CLARKE, SCHOOLMASTER OF HULL.
(3rd S. ii. 323.)
John Clarke, Rector of Laceby from 1727 till
his death in 1768, is termed M.A. of S. John's
College, Cambridge, and "Prelector Hullensis."
We can, we think, prove pretty clearly that the
only John Clarke, M.A., of S. John's College,
Cambridge, who could have held the rectory of
Laceby at the period specified was a layman, and
;hat he died in 1734, having been "Prelector
Hullensis " (if by that term is meant Master of
Hull School).
The only John Clarke, M.A., of S. John's
College, Cambridge, who could have held the
ectory of Laceby at the above time was John
Clarke, son of John Clarke " cervisarius," bora
,t York, educated in the school there under Mr.
Tomlinson, and admitted a sizar of S. John's,
May 7, 1703, sst. 17. He proceeded B.A 1706-7,
and commenced M.A. 1710.
512
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"» S. II. DEC. 27, '62.
Mr. PSckell (Hist of Hull, 830), after mention-
ing John Catlyn, who was turned out of the mas-
tership of the grammar-school in that town in
1676, says that he was succeeded by a Mr. Parks,
whose successor, Mr. Robert Pell, had a dispute
with the usher in 1683. He does not inform us
when or how Mr. Pell vacated his office, but pro-
ceeds thus : —
"The next master that occurs ia John Clarke, author
of Efsays upon Education and Study ; but better known
for bis literal translations of several of the classic authors,
and his free translation of Suetonius and Sallust. He re-
moved frnm hence to Gloucester, where he died. He was
succeeded in the school by a Mr. Blith. The two last
masters were both laymen. Mr. Theron, a Fellow of Trinity
College, Cambridge, about 1763, succeeded Mr. Blith."
It may be observed that Mr. Carlisle (En-
dowed Grammar Schools, ii. 833), omits Parks
and Pell in his list of the Masters of Hull School,
and gives 1720 as the date of Clarke's appoint-
ment, stating that he removed to Gloucester,
where he died. He makes no mention of either
Blith or Theron.
Mr. Fosbrooke (Hist, of Gloucester, 231, 303),
gives lists of the Masters of the College School,
and the Crypt School in Gloucester. As regards
the first of these schools, the list seems so incom-
plete that it occasioned us no surprise not to find in
it the name of Mr. Clarke. Mr. Fosbrooke, how-
ever, gives (Hist, of Gloucester, 331), the following
epitaph in the church of S. Mary de Crypt in
Gloucester : —
"Hie jacet vir eruditissimus & integerrimus Joannes
Clarke, qui ingenio snmmo industriam indefessam adjun-
gens, raulta ad rem literariam promovendair, et bonos
mores excolendos, scripts perutilia in disciplina gram-
niatica atq: etiam morali et vivens edidit et edenda
moriens relinuit. Ob. Apr. 29° anno salutis, 1734, aetatis
48."
This epitaph appears to us conclusively to esta-
blish that its subject was the person who had been
the schoolmaster of Hull, and bis age at the time
of his death so far agrees with that of the M.A.
of S. John's College, as to render it more than
probable (in default of evidence to the contrary)
that the schoolmaster of Hull, and the M.A. of
S. John's, were one and the same person.
On the title-page of his Sallust, 1734, he is
called John Clarke, late of Hull, now of Glouces-
ter. Prefixed is a "Dissertation upon the useful-
ness of Translations of Classick Authors," dated
Gloucester, Jan. 16, 1733-4.
There is a brief account of his life before his
Ovid, 1735. The following passage is note-
worthy : —
" His constant drink was small unless to oblige or en-
tertain a friend, and then he was both generous and
temperate."
This may serve to explain a very ambiguous
statement in a letter of Dr. Edwnrd Harwood
(Nichols's Lit. Anted, ix. 579). Any one reading
that letter might fairly suppose that Mr. Clarke
was frequently drunk, whereas it waa no doubt
Mr. Belsborrow, his pupil, of whom that is said.
C. 11. & THOMPSON COOPER.
Cambridge.
QUOTATIONS, REFERENCES, ETC.
(3rd S. ii. 408.)
11. Perimwt licilis. This has been the subject of
a query before, but without success. I can only
give S. Gregory's expansion of it : Solus in illi-
citis non cadit, qui se aliquando et a licitis ctiute re-
utringit. — Moral, lib. v. et Homil. 35 in Evang.
23. Nihil egt in intellectu quod non prius in sensu.
This was Aristotle's saying. As Bp. Berkeley
observes of him, " That Philosopher held that the
mind of man was a tabula rasa, and that there were
no innate ideas." — Siris, § 308. Aristotle was
always called emphatically " The Philosopher,"
as Cicero was styled "The Orator," and Seneca
" The Moralist."
Queries, p. 306, No. 16. Antisthenes being told
that Plato spoke ill of him, replied, " It is a royal
privilege to do well and to be evil spoken of."
See Diogenes Laertius.
14. This query has been answered, but it may
be worth adding, that preservation by a spider's
web occurs in the life of more than one mediaeval
saint, as Mr. Neale observes in his preface to the
legend of S. Meinrad. — See Deeds of Faith,
p. 119. EIRIONNACH.
25. Pliny the Younger, Epistol. lib. vii. 26 : —
"Xuper me cujusdam languor amici admonuit, optimos
esse nos dnm innrmi suinus."
B. L. W.
I regret my inability to give more than one re-
ference ; but as every little helps, perhaps r. wil
accept the following : —
" St. Augnstin.
14. " Quid cnim ? Non erat rex qui timebat fieri rex :
Erat omnino." — Tract. XXV. in Joan. VI.
It will be seen that the text of the holy Fathe
bears the opposite meaning to that of the Enizlisl
expositor : but I have no doubt that the abov
was the passage to which he alluded. F. C. H.
I
CENTENARIAN7! SM.
(3rd S. ii. 196, 399.)
I have now the pleasure to send you a note ( '
further centenarian ism, and what may possibly b ;
the solitary instance of a speech by acentenariai .
On the 8th of this month a dinner was given f >
Mr. Foster, of Derby, on his attaining his 1001 i
year, and in proposing his health the Chairma ;
said : —
" Our juvenile friend who sits on my right, lookir •
more like a young Archbishop than a centenarian- -
• I
S. II. DEC. 27, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
513
(laughter) — betrays no signs of rapidly failing health,
notwithstanding a life of great activity and vicissitude.
Born on tlie 8th of November, 1762, in the first American
war, many years ago, he joined the militia, and when
the French revolution broke out he went to Egypt with
General Abercrombie, and at his death Mr. Foster re-
turned home with 104 men, all more or less afflicted with
ophthalmia. His friends persuaded him to leave the
army, which he did on the day Nelson died. Being of
an active turn of mind, and having also a taste for the
fine arts, he in the first instance invented and patented a
machine; and, in the second instance, he turned his at-
tention to the fine arts. At the death of his son he took
to the publishing trade, having compiled some charts,
many thousands of which have been sold to clergymen
and other ministers, and found ready acceptance in public
and private schools. (Cheers.) Gentlemen, I cannot
detain you at this festive board by relating all the inci-
dents in our guest's varied life. I trust that you will
not consider that we are doing homage to a second
Bluebeard when I inform you that our guest has been
the husband of five wives (much laughter), that he has
had seventeen children (renewed laughter), that the
first-born, if now living, would have attained her 78th
3'ear, and that the last and only one which has been left,
we hope, to solace and comfort him in his declining
da3*s, only a few days ago celebrated her 10th birth-day.
(Cheers and laughter.) As a proof that Mr. Foster is
not a Bluebeard, I need only point out these facts to
prove his veneration for, and his high appreciation of,
the fair sex. (Cheers and laughter.) Though the snowy
locks of our guest attest increasing years, yet if we look
at his clear complexion, his bright eye when it flashes
up, though at times a little dimmed withal, his clear
intellect and retentive memory, we will not despair of
being spared to meet him again even another year.
(Cheers.) We all hope that years of happiness and
prosperity are still in store for him ; that, however, is a
matter entirely within the dispensations of a gracious
Providence, to whose behests we must all humbly bow.
(Hear, hear). But when our old friend has entered the
dark valley of the shadow of death, having faith and
hope in a bright future, he will at least have the con-
solation of knowing that he did not pass away from our
midst unwept, unhonoured, and unsung. (Loud cheers.)
Gentleman, I give you ' Continued health, happiness,
and prosperity to our juvenile friend, Mr. Foster.'
(Cheers and laughter.)
" (Three times three cheers were given.)
" MR. FOSTER, on rising, had a hearty reception. He
said — Mr. Chairman and Gentleman — The present mo-
ment is the happiest of my life. I am grateful and
thankful for your compliments. I am not used to making
speeches, but I know how to be grateful. Providence
has been kind to me. I am an old man, but get my
living by my own labour, and I hope to be able to con-
tinue to do so as long as there is a necessity. (Cheers.)
I hope to live a few years longer to meet my friends
on a future occasion. (Cheers.) You are kind to me,
and I am grateful to you. Good health, prosperity and
happiness to you all in this world, and blessings in the
world to come. (Loud cheers.)"
This report is taken from the Derbyshire Ad-
vertiser of Nov. 14th.
In the Broadwell Register, Samuel Cleaver was
baptized Nov. 20th, 1756, and buried Oct. 26th,
1859 ; but the entry states him to have been 101
years of age, which is one year less than his real
age. Such an inaccuracy, however, is too likely
to happen to raise any doubt as to the identity of
the deceased. C. S. GKEAVES.
I owe to the kindness of a correspondent (Mr.
D. M. STEVENS, of Guildford) the information
that there is now living at Alton, in Hampshire,
a woman named Sarah Lee, who was born and
baptized at Lasham in the year 1759; born on
the 3rd of May, baptized on the 4th of June ; and
who is therefore in her 104th year. She was the
daughter of Robert Trimmer and Margaret his
wife. Sarah Lee is in the possession of her facul-
ties, and is able to move about, and assist herself.
Her teeth are well preserved. This statement is
made on the authority of the Rev. G. F. Smith,
Curate of Lasham. G. C. LEWIS.
The Hants Advertiser, of the 6th inst., contains
the following under the head of" Lymington:" —
" A CENTENARIAN. — The venerable Dowager Lady
Blakiston has at length departed this life, at the ripe and
rare age of 102 years, well authenticated. The Sir Ma-
thew Blakiston of our chancel, whose monument even
has by this time assumed the appearance of antiquity,
was her husband; and his father was Lord Mayor of
London in 1760, and walked as such in King George the
Third's Coronation."
J. W. BATCHELOR.
Odiham.
THE HEMMINGS ASD WILLIAM OF WYKEHAM (3rd
S. ii. 468.) — The connection between the Barkers
and the family of the founder of Winchester was
made by the marriage of Robert Barker with
Mary, daughter of William D'Anvers, of Cul-
worth, Esq., by his wife Elizabeth, daughter of
Richard Fiennes, Lord Say and Sele. The 2nd
Lord Saye, who died in 1471, had married Mar-
garet, sole heiress of William Wykeham, eldest
son of Sir Thos. Wykeham, who was great nephew
of the bishop. See Nichols's Coll. Top. et Gen.,
ii. and iii. C. J. R.
ARMS OF PAGET (1st S. xii. 49.) — The arms —
Sable, a cross engrailed, argent, in the dexter
quarter an escallop of the last, — were, at the re-
quest of Thomas Pagite of the Middle Temple,
London, gentleman, son and heir of Richard Pa-
gite of Crayneford, in the county of Northampton,
gentleman, son and heir of Thomas Pagite of Bar-
ton Segrave, in the said county, gentleman, certi-
fied by Robert Cooke, Clarenceux King of Arms,
to have been borne by the ancestors of the said
Thomas Pagite, known by the name of Pagitt ;
and that the said arms did, of right, belong unto
the said Thomas Pagite. And because he could
find no crest or cognizance belonging to the said
arms, nor hath been borne by his said ancestors,
the said Clarenceux, at the request of the said
Thomas Pagite of the Middle Temple, then
514
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3"> S. IL DEC, 27, '62.
granted the crest following to be borne with the
said arms, viz. : On a helme a wreath (argent and
sable), an arm sable, hand proper, holding an
indented deed, inscribed, " Deo Pagit." To be
borne by said Thos. Pagitt, and his heirs. Patent
dated February 24, 1575, 18 Eliz.
The pedigree of the family occurs in the Visita-
tion of London in 1663 ; they were for three gener-
ations connected with the law: the son of the
grantee being one of the Barons of the Exchequer;
and the grandson, Justinian Paget, Gustos Bre-
vium of the Court of King's Bench. J. R.
FELKIN'S PAPERS (3rd S. ii. 448.) — The papers
which your correspondent inquires about are not
published in a collective form. I have not a copy
left of some, but as they have all been at one time
or other printed in the transactions of societies, re-
ports of parliamentary commissions, or committees,
&c., if W. X. W. will put himself in communica-
tion with me I shall be happy to assist him to find
them, if copies are not forthcoming. They are
numerous, extending over thirty-five years.
WILLIAM FJBLKIN, F.L.S., F.S.S., &c.
Park, Nottingham.
DR. JOHN ASKEW (3rd S. 55. 348.) — Although
I cannot supply E. W. with all the information he
seeks, the notes I subjoin may possibly assist him
in his inquiries. Mr. Askew was married to
Frances Pochin, at Lcughborough, co. Leicester,
May 24, 1786. He is described in the Marriage
Register as " the Rev. John Askew, of the parish
of St. Andrews the Great, in Cambridge." Of this
marriage there was a son named Anthony Adam
Askew, who was baptized at North Cadbury,
Somerset, July 15, 1787. Mrs. Frances Askew
died July 28, 1789, aged 42, and was buried at
North Cadbury ; and the following extract from
the Register of Burials, in 1812, for that parish,
will give the date of her husband's decease : —
" Rev. John Askew, Doctor in Divinity, 27 years
Rector of this parish ; died June 23rd, and was
buried July 1st" (1812). The Rev. Anthony
Askew, the Doctor's son, married Harriett Cornish,
daughter of William and Ann Cornish, of Yar-
linton, Somerset, March 16, 1813, and had by
her five or six children. He died in a lunatic
asylum, near Salisbury, Jan. 28, 1832, and was
buried at North Cadbury, and his widow died on
Nov. 8, in the same year. According to Phelps's
Hist. Somerset, Dr. Askew became rector of North
Cadbury in 1785 ; and from the same source I am
enabled to give a copy of the epitaph in that
church to the memory of his wife : " Underneath
lie the remains of Frances, wife of the Rev. John
Askew, D.D., rector of this parish, and daughter of
William Pochin, Esq., of Loughborough, in Leices-
tershire, who died July the 28th, 1789, aged 42."
I find no allusion to a second wife among the
family papers, though it is possible there may have
been one. The learned Dr. Ralph Cudwortb,
author of the True Intellectual System of the Uni-
verse, became rector of North Cadbury in 1650.
INA.
Wells, Somerset
EGYPTIAN INSCRIPTIONS (3rd S. ii. 429.) —
Schiller ( Werke, ix. 269) refers to the subject of
the following passage of Plutarch : — T<J 8' lv 2o*»
rf}s 'AflTyvay (V nal *\<ju> vofu^o&nv) ?5os l-riypatfav
«7x* TO'.avnjv, 'E-yc!) «j/xl irar rb -ytyovbt, Kal i>v, Kal ivo-
Htvov' KO! fbv fubf ictir\ov oubtls fta 6vTjrbj a.TCfna\\rfyfv.
(De hide et Oxiride, ix.) " At Sais the temple
of Minerva (whom they call Tsis) had upon it this
inscription : ' I am whatever has been, and is, and
will be, and my peplos no mortal has uncovered.' "
The peplos is neither a veil nor a petticoat ; it was
an outer garment which fell from the left shoulder
to the hips, leaving the right arm uncovered, and
might be raised to hide the features. The esoteric
meaning I conceive is, — " I (Wisdom) exist from
eternity to eternity, and no mortal has discovered
me." Sais is identified with Sa-el-hadjar, mean-
ing " Sa of Stones," in lat. 31° 4' N., on the right
bank of the Canopic or Rosetta arm of the Nile,
and is yet almost unexplored. AsAmasis (570 B.C.)
adorned Sais with the magnificent propylaea of
the temple of Minerva (Herod, ii. 175), it is pro-
bable that this inscription was hieroglyphic. He-
rodotus identifies Isis with Demeter (Ceres),
(ii. 59).
Neith is the Egyptian name of Minerva (Lar-
cher's note). Herodotus is the best authority, so
far as his vows of secrecy on initiation into the
mysteries of both these goddesses at Sais, allowed.
Plutarch, who wrote five centuries afterwards,
and when nearly all oracles were dumb, disclosed
what he learnt more freely ; but he mistakes I
for Minerva, although ascribing to Isis the attri-
butes of Ceres (ii. iii. liii.).
The other inscription to which Schiller refers is
I presume, the word El, " Thou art," on whicl
Plutarch also treats (xx. xxi.) ; it was engraver
over the gate of Apollo's temple at Delphi.
It is evident that Schiller did not quote fron
original sources. He refers to Br. Decius's Uebe,
die dltesten hebraischen Mysterien, " woraus," h<
says, " ich verschiedene die hier zum Grund ge
legten Ideen and Daten genommen habe." -
( Werke, ix. 282.)
T. J. BUCK.TOX.
Lichfield.
ELIZABETH GOUSELL (3rd S. ii. 446.) — I hav •
never seen it recorded that Elizabeth, daughter < :
Sir Robert Gousell, who married Sir Robe: :
Wingfield, married afterwards William Han
wick ; but William Hardwick of Hardwick, c .
Derby, the first of that name recorded in the t
pedigree, did marry the daughter of Gawse
3rd S. II. DEC. 27, '62.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
515
or Gowsell, of Barlborough, co. Derby, who may,
therefore, have been the lady in question.
Seven generations lower down in the Hardwick
pedigree, Mary, elder daughter of John, and
sister and coheir of James Hardwick of Hard-
wick, married Eichard Wingfield, of Suffolk, a
descendant of the above Sir Robert and Elizabeth,
in right of whom he placed Gowsell, barry of 6
or and gules, a canton ermine, in his third quarter.
SeeHarl. MSS., 886, 2218, 5871, p. 31 ; Topo-
grapher, 1791, iii. 323; Collins, by Sir E. Brydges,
i. 316 ; Hunter's Sheffield, pp. 62—92. C. D.
OWEN FITZ-PEN, alias PHIPPEN, A MELCOMBE
MAN (3rd S. ii. 409.) — In answer to T. W. BEL-
CHER'S Query, I beg to hand you the following : —
" Melcombe in Dorset was his place of birth."
The hero of the epitaph, which your correspon-
dent has given at length, appears to have been
a man possessed of more than an ordinary amount
of courage ; but, as far as Melcombe Regis is
concerned, the exploit recorded by the epitaph is
altogether unknown, as also the hero of it. I
have been unable to find any name at all like that
borne by the hero in connection with the Mel-
combe above-named. Neither is there any per-
son now residing there bearing the name of Fitz-
Pen or Phippen. Besides this Melcombe there
are two other Melcombes in Dorset ; viz. Mel-
combe-Horsey, and Melcombe-Bingham, the re-
sidence of the Bingham family. Melcombe-
Horsey and Melcombe-Bingham, or Binghams-
Melcombe, adjoin, and are situated nine miles
north-east from Dorchester (the .county town),
and nine miles south-west of Blandford ; they are
in the diocese of Salisbury, archdeaconry of Dorset,
and deanery of Whitchurch. I therefore think
that the epitaph must allude to one or other of these
last-mentioned Melcombes. It is very possible
that Fitz-Pen or Phippen began his career as a
seafaring-man by sailing out of the first-mentioned
Melcombe, which at the present time is a fashion-
able and much-frequented watering-place, and in
the sixteenth century carried on a very consider-
able foreign shipping trade.
Perhaps the old parish registers^ of the Mel-
combes above-named would throw some light out
as to the hero or his family.
J. ,B. KERRIDGE.
Weymouth.
Alas ! for the memory of editors, and the accu-
racy of transcribers, the epitaph on this fire-eating
Dorsetshire worthy has already been given, yet
not without differences, in 2nd S. ii. 305. Perhaps
some kind friend at Truro will collate the ver-
sions, and furnish us with an amended text.
In the former version his birth-place is written,
not Melscombe as now, but Melcomb, This would
probably be Melcombe Regis, as most likely to
be the parent of seafaring men ; and there is, as
the Post Office says, " no such name known " here
at Binghams Melcombe.
It is a colloquial rendering of Filius Pagani,
or Filzpaine, still existing in the village of Ockford-
Fitzpaine, commonly called " Phippen-Ockford,"
and was formerly pretty generally diffused in
Dorsetshire ; but respecting this gallant individual
I have no information. C. W. BINGHAM.
HEIRESS'S SON (3rd S. ii. 430.) — The Heralds'
College would certainly not permit, as a matter of
strict heraldic law, that a child should quarter the
arms of a mother, an heiress or co-heiress, during
her lifetime ; but all the same, as a matter of
courtesy, no one else could well raise an objection
to such being done. It is presumed, from the
question, that there is a paternal coat already to
admit of it, such being indispensable.
F. L.B. D,
WILLS (3rd S. ii. 434.)— The will, July 4th,
1635, of the famous Dr. Richard Sibbes, author
of The Bruised Heed, The SouTs Conflict, and
many other excellent and still vital books, Master
of Catharine Hall, Cambridge, and Preacher of
Gray's Inn, London, will be found in Grosart's
collected edition of this Divine's Works, vol. i.
pp. cxxviii — cxxx. It is~given verbatim et liter-
atim from " The Principal Registry of Her Ma-
jesty's Court of Probate in the Prerogative Court
of Canterbury." STUDENT.
ANONYMOUS WORKS (3rd S. ii. 448.) — If I
rightly understand the query of your correspon-
dent, BlBLIOTHECAR. CHETHAM., he has put it
under the impression that the metrical answer to
the " Romish Ryme," by Rhodes or Hieron, and
the prose answer, entitled Eubulus, by P. A., are
one and the same work, which is not the case.
Of the authorship of the former I know nothing
beyond what is stated by Watt, Lowndes, and
Farr ; the latter, I have no doubt, was written
by Patrick Forbes, Bishop of Aberdeen. As it is
somewhat scarce, I transcribe the title from a copy
in the Advocates' Library : —
" Eubulus, or a Dialogue, where-in a rugged Romish
Ryme (inscrybed, Catholicke Questions toj the Protes-
tant), is confuted, and the Questions there-of answered.
By P. A.
" ' Answere a Foole to his foolishnesse, lest hee bee wyse
in his owne conceit. Proverbs, xxvi. 5.'
" Aberdene, printed by Edward Raban, Dwelling vpon
the Market-place, At the Towne Arms, 1627. With
priviledge." 4to, pp. 166, and one page "Escapes, in
printing."
The place of printing, and the dedication to
Anna, Ladie Gordon, point to a northern origin ;
and that it was attributed to the bishop at the
time of its publication is attested by the follow-
ing note, in a hand of the period, appended to the
initials P. A. on the titlepage of the copy described
above : — " Patricius Aberdonensis, viz. the pre-
sent Bp. of Ab^rdeene, Laird of Corse, Forbes."
516
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[3* a II. DEC. L
As additional evidence, if more be wanted, I
may mention, that at page 165 of the volume, we
have, "The author his meditation on the 63 yeare
of his age, now out-runne." Bishop Forbes was
born in 1564, and consequently was 63 when his
book appeared in 1627. S. HALKETT.
Advocates' Library.
BEAUTY AND LOVE (2nd S. i. 225, 356.) — In
the sixth volume of Beloe's Anecdotes of Literature,
p. 91, the stanzas which were printed from my
MS. are quoted as taken from The Loyal Gar-
land, a Choice Collection of Songs highly in re-
quest, licensed Aug. 18th, 1686, and printed for
T. Passinger at the Three Bibles on London
Bridge. The llth line —
" And men of nobler parts they can
Our graces better find "
differs from the MS. as well as the copy of 1652
quoted by W. H. HUSK. There are several other
variations of synonymous words, but not of mate-
rial importance to the song.
THOMAS E. WINNINGTON.
Stanford Court
JACOBITE QUERT : JAMES NIHEL (3rd S. i. 329,
499.) — The name was probably Nihell, and came
from Limerick. I have an interesting medical
work on " The Pulse," published by a Dr. John
Nihell, and dedicated to Dr. Mead.
This Dr. Nihell was brother to the titular Bishop
of Killenora (whose arms are given at p. 499,
vol. i. 3rd S. " N. & Q.") He was born at Lime-
rick in 1705, and died there May, 1759. He
studied at Paris, Leyden, and Montpelier ; and
went to Spain on the invitation of his uncle, Sir
John Higgins, physician to Philip V., in hopes of
succeeding to his post, but Higgins died when
Nihell was at Cadiz on his way to Madrid.
W. FEAZER.
JOHN BRADSHAW AND MARPLE HALL (3rd S. ii.
411.) — Marple Hall used to be a favourite haunt
of mine. It was let a few years back as a farm-
house ; the ancient furniture and stock of curiosi-
ties, old armour, books, &c. were sold. A bed
used to be shown to visitors as one in which
Cromwell had slept. On a window, written with
a diamond, are the following lines : —
" My brother Henry must heir the land,
My brother Frank must be at his command ;
Whilst I, poor Jack, will do that
Which all the world shall wonder at"
T. ASHE.
ORIGIN or THE WORD SUPERSTITION (3rd S. ii.
235.) — I lately met with the following passage in
a periodical, which may be added to the illustra-
tions of this word from Eastern literature which I
gave in my last note : —
"There is this resemblance between Jewish Parents
and Chinese Parents, — they have an intense desire for a
Son, and for a like reason, When the Parent dies, it be-
comes the duty of the Son to present himself in the
Synagogue morning and evening for eleven months
afterwards, and to repeat a Song of Praise to the Al-
mighty: This is called the Kaddish, and is repeated by
the Son on the anniversary of his Father's death, all the
days of his life, and a lamp is likewise kept burning all
day.
"Though no express mention is made in this Song of
Praise of the Departed Soul, it is evident that it is ex-
pected it will derive some advantage from its repetition,
or Parents would not be so anxious to provide for its per-
formance ; moreover, the Souls of the Departed are prayed
for on the principal festival days throughout the year, the
prayer running as follows : —
" ' May GOD remember the Soul of my honoured Father
(or Mother, as the case may be), who is gone to his re-
pose ; for that I now solemnly offer charity for his sake ;
in reward of this, may his Soul enjoy eternal life, with
the Souls of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob — Sarah, Re-
becca, and Leah, and the rest of the righteous males and
females that are in Paradise, and let us say — Amen.'
"The Son alone is capable of offering up these
prayers." *
ElRIONNACH.
IGNEZ »E CASTRO (3rd S. ii. 368.) — I have to
apologise to W. M. M. for not sooner complying
with his request that I should specify the authors
of the works in my possession relating to Ignez
de Castro, and state whether they are originals or
translations. The four tragedies in Portuguese
are by Antonio Ferreira, Nicola Luiz, Domingo
dos Reis Quita, and Joao Baptista Gomez. I am
indebted to the kindness of a correspondent of
" N. & Q." for a fifth tragedy on the same theme
by Joaquim Jose Sabino, which was published in
London in 1812. The three Spanish dramas are,
the Nise Lastimosa, and the Nise Laureada (Nise
being an anagram of Ines), by the monk Gero-
nimo Bermudez, and the Reynar despues de
Morir, by Luis Velez de Guevara, all originals.
Mons. de la Motte's French play is also an ori-
ginal work. Of the eight English plays three
are translations ; one from Ferreira by Mr. Mus-
grave, one from Nicola Luiz by Mr. Adamson,
and one from Quita in prose, by Benjamin Thomp-
son ; Mr. Mallett's Elvira is taken from the
French of De la Motte, and Mrs. Catharine Trot-
ter's Agnes de Castro is founded on a novel ori-
ginally written by a French lady, but made Eng-
lish by the -notorious Mrs. Bebn. The other
three plays that I have are original works, viz.
Inez, of which the author is unknown, printed in
London, 1796 ; Inez de Castro, by Jonathan Skel-
ton, of Trinity Hall, Cambridge, London, 1841;
and Ignez de Castro, by the author of Rural
Sonnets, which appeared in Hood's Magazine in
1846. W. M. M. is probably aware that Mis?
Mitford wrote a play, and Mrs. Bray a novel,
called The Talba, on the same subject. It seems,
* From a paper on " Jews in England " in Once a Wt
Aug. 9, 1862, p. 194.
3'd S. II. DEC. 27, 'G2.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
517
too, there is a play called Ina by Mrs. Horton,
afterwards Lady Dacre. A German translation
of De La Motte's play was printed at Leipsic in
1774. The substance of this note on the works
relating to Ignez de Castro was communicated to
the Editor of Current Notes some years ago.
Vide No. Ixxviii. June, 1857. E. H. A.
FEMALE PUNISHMENTS (3rd S. ii. 452.) — Your
correspondent inquires whether it might not be
useful to revive the custom of scourging females
in such a manner as to make it evident that his
sympathies are on the side of the lash. The
practice has only been abolished within the me-
mory of persons now alive.* It is, I believe, the
general opinion of those who have considered the
question fully, that this kind of punishment ought
not to be practised at all ; its tendency is to harden
and debase the criminal. Several reasons of a
moral and psychological nature might be adduced
to prove that the use of the lash for members of my
own sex is especially unwise and unjust ; they
are probably, however, already familiar to most
persons over whom they would have influence.
The physical fact, that the tissues of the body of
the female are more vascular than those of the
male, of course proves that it is more liable to
sustain injury from being cut with a thong, or
pounded by a rod.
The laws of all countries are still in many par-
ticulars unjust to women. Let us hope that no
endeavour will be made, in this civilised land
especially, to make them more so.
LUCY PEACOCK.
Bottesford Manor.
ROWE FAMILY (3rd S. ii. 411, 459.) — There
are entries relating to this family, including the
poet, in the register of Little Barford, near St.
Neots. I have also seen in a Cranmer's Bible
(fol. May, 1541), in the library at Bushmead
Priory, details of two or three generations of
Rowe. Nicholas appears to have been a favourite
Christian name with them.
JOSEPH Rix, M.D.
St. Neots.
THOMAS BARLOW, BISHOP OF LINCOLN (2nd S. xi.
348.) — The register at Buckden, where the
bishop resided, contains an entry of his burial,
but no record of the marriage of his daughter.
JOSEPH Rix, M.D.
St. Neots.
SACRED (3rd S. ii. 414, 457.) — DR. BEKE asks
for instances of the use of the English word sacred
in a bad sense, as in " auri sacra fames," and the
French word sacre. I subjoin one, and I do
* The public exhibition of this mode of torture was
put an end to by statute 57 Geo. III. c. 75. Private
flopping of women was done away with by 1 Geo. IV.
c. 57.
not think it would be difficult to find other ex-
amples : —
" O sacred hunger of the greedie eye,
Whose need hath end, but no end covetise."
Giles Fletcher, in Christ's Victorie, 1610.
JOB J. BARDWELL WORKARD, M.A.
RECORD PUBLICATIONS (3rd S. ii. 430.) — The
work on Probates can be had at J. Sage's, 4, New-
man's Row, Lincoln's Inn Fields.
JAMES GILBERT.
2, Devonshire Grove.
LORD MAYOR OF DUBLIN (3rd S. ii. 410.) — In
1767, the Hon. Thomas Harley, brother of the
Earl of Oxford, was chosen Lord Mayor of Lon-
don; and for 1768 elected one of the four repre-
sentatives of that City. It is scarcely possible,
under the conditions of the Municipal Reform
Act, that any son of a nobleman or substantial
gentleman can be qualified for any corporate
office, except in cities and towns of great extent
and wealth, such as London, Dublin, Liver-
pool, &c. W. H. C.
ANONYMOUS WORKS (3ra S. ii. 448.) — A copy
of the work entitled " Eubulus, or a Dialogue,
wherein a rugged Romish Ryme (inscrybed 'Cath-
olicke Questions to the Protestant ') is confuted,
and the Questions thereof answered. By P. A.
Aberdene, 1627. 4°," is to be found in the Library
of Trinity College, Dublin. On the title-page
is written in an old hand- writing (probably con-
temporary) immediately after the letters P. A.,
" This was Patrick Forbes, Bishop of Aberdene.
See Baronius his epistolary dedication to him."
On referring to the " epistolary dedication " to
Bishop Patrick Forbes of the work of Robert
Baronius, D.D., and Professor of Divinity in
Mareschal College, Aberdeen, entitled " Ad G.
Turnebulli Tetragonismum pseudographum Apo-
dixis Catholica, Lond. 1657," I found the fol-
lowing sentence : —
" Et difficiles ac spinosas quaestiones, quce de Natura
et Notis Ecclesiae hac tempestate agitari solent, egregio
illo opere, quod Eubulus meritb inscribitur, more tuo, id
est, diserte, solide, et dilucide, explicasti."
Again, in the Lives of Eminent Men of Aber-
deen, by James Bruce, Aberdeen, 1841, p. 106, I
find it stated in an account of his life, " Bishop
Forbes again appeared as an author in the year
1627, when he put forth a treatise entitled "Eu-
bulus, or a Dialogue .... By P. A.," which
was printed at Aberdeen by Edward Raban. I
should think the above evidence amply sufficient,
even without the additional sanction afforded by
the testimony of Watt and Lowndes, to satisfy all
reasonable persons that Bishop Patrick Forbes
was the undoubted author of the book above re-
ferred to entitled Eubulus.
518
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[S«« S. II. Ui:. . -J7,
V*
In Select Poetry of the Reign of Queen Eliza-
beth, collected by Edward Fair, p. 267, is to be
found, not Eubulus, which is written in prose, but
" An Answere to a Romish Rime," a poem, which
is, I see, ascribed to J. Rhodes, but apparently
on no better evidence than that J. 11. are the
initials of his name. For the fact of Samuel
Hieron's being the author of what is substantially
the same work as this, we have his own direct
assertion in his dedicatory epistle, which of course
must outweigh all conjectures on the subject.
'A\ifvs.
Dublin.
LORD CLYDE'S REGULATIONS (3rd S. 5i. 429.) —
If any regulations, they will be found at the
Adjutant-General's Office, Calcutta. CHCTNEE.
ENGLISH COINS WITH PROFILE (3rd S. ii. 378.) —
Your correspondent W. C. doubts whether there
be any before Henry VII. For his satisfaction, I
beg to say, that H. N. Humphreys, in his Coinage
of the British Empire (Plate iv.), gives two coins :
a penny of William I., and one of Stephen. I
have a groat of Henry VI. in my possession, also
in profile. I am not at present aware of any
more. HENBY MATTHEWS.
METRIC PROSE (3rd S. ii. 463.) — I have read
•with much interest the ingenious remarks of MR.
KEIGHTLEY. If he establishes the position he has
taken he will render a great service to the history
of English literature, and perhaps rescue us from
the barbarity of modern prose. But I own (and
I do not say it ludicrously) it seems to me that
any article in The Times (which I suppose no-
body will suspect of poetry) might be turned into
blank verse on his system. Take a paragraph in
MR. KEIGHTLEY'S own letter, p. 464, may it not
be made blank verse ? e. g. —
" I will now give a couple of examples,
Taken from the Bible, which thousands,
Even millions have been reading,
For so many centuries without
Ever having had a suspicion
That it was in reality blank verse."
The truth is, that our language is so irregular,
and the accent so very ill denned, that nothing is
easier than to adjust it, by abbreviation and length-
ening, to the standard of blank verse.
For this very reason it is so difficult to write
conspicuously well in that form of versification,
and to rescue it from a trivial style. It is this which
makes the genius of Shakespeare and Milton, and
some, though longo intervaUo, of our early drama-
tists so wonderful. Let any one compare the
rhythm of Thomson, or Akenside, or Young, or
Byron, with that of Paradise Lost, or Comus, or
Macbeth, and he will see at once what I mean ;
•and this proves the truth of Horace's text, —
" Dt sibi quivis
Speret idem, sudet multum, frustraque laboret
Ausua idem."
I shall be very glad if MR. KEIGHTJ.EY thinks
it worth his while to enter more fully upon the
subject. LAUDATOR TEMPORIS ACTI.
IF NOT (3rd S. ii. 384, 458.) — Fairly caught ;
but not the least surprised : logic has given me
an eye for ambiguity which I had not in 1838. It
has made me sensible of the inferiority of my con-
temporaries in precision of language, as compared
with their distant foregoers. In the sentence
quoted I mean that distrust of the higher mathe-
matics is not frequent among those who have
reached them, but is frequent among those who
have stopped short.
Archbishop Thomson — so to be, I suppose, by
the time this is printed — in the first edition of his
well-known Outlines, speaks of the " slip-shod
judgments and crippled arguments of every- day
talkers." Writers, though not so bad as talkers,
are what we call bad enough, meaning too bad.
But the ambiguities, the false implications, the
equivocations, and the prevarications, which are
not uncommon in writing, swarm in conversation
to an extent which bears sad testimony to the
want of something in our education to teach the
speaker to say what he means, and the hearer to
make him say no more.
The confusion which might be avoided by
making the antithesis of if and though is very fre-
quent. These words are connected with affirma-
ation and negation ; but though is disappearing.
If is for conditions of antecedent probability;
though for conditions of antecedent improbability.
Thus, " If I go, I will take it," means that the
thing naturally goes with me ; but " Though I go,
I will take it," means that the thing would natu-
rally be left behind. But, by loss of though,
people are obliged to say " Even if I go, I will
take it," or, "If I go, I will take it for all that"
Even the horrible slip-slop " in spite of" is often
employed. Is there any book in which sound
English is placed, phrase by phrase, against col-
loquial substitutes of modern invention ?
A. DE MORGAN.
ENGLISH ENSIGN (3ra S. ii. 468.) — My impres-
sion is, but I speak with diffidence, that per-
sonal cognizances have not been used on banners
in the English array since the Restoration. In
the great Civil War they were common on both
sides. Add. MSS. 5247, in the British Museum,
contains " Banners of the Parliament Army." (See
Lives and Letters of the Deverenx Earls of Essex,
by Capt. Devereux, vol. ii. p. 347.) 1 • believe
there is an imprint of this in Sir J. Prestwich's
Eespublica ; I have, however, never compared the
manuscript and the printed book with each other.
K. P. D. E.
ANTIQUE BATH (3rd S. ii. 429.) —This is un-
doubtedly " the old Roman Spring Bath," situated
between Surrey Street and Strand Lane. It was
3rd S. II. DEC. 27, 'C2.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
519
unknown to Stowe, though he mentions the " lane
or way down to the landing-place on the banks of
the Thames." The bath itself is Roman ; the walls
being layers of brick and thin layers of stucco ;
and the pavement of similar brick covered with
stucco, and resting upon a mass of stucco and
rubble. The bricks are 9£ inches long, 4£ inches
broad, and If inches thick, and resemble the
bricks in the old city wall. It is stated in Timbs's
Curiosities of London, that the property can be
traced to the D'Anvers family, of Swithland Hall,
Leicestershire, whose mansion stood upon the
spot. The entrance to the bath is now in Strand
Lane, between Nos. 162 and 163, but the bath
itself lies immediately behind the east side of
Surrey Street, and must have been in close prox-
imity to the Earl of Arundel's mansion.
. RIMBAULT.
GAKOTTE, OR GARROTTE (3rd S. ii. 468.) — Your
correspondent says he supposes that the Spanish
instrument of death, the garrotta, suggested our
newspaper verb, to garotte. No doubt it did. It
may be as well to record in your pages the date of
its introduction into our tongue. I do not think
it can be found in English literature, used as a
verb, before 1851. On the first of September of
that year, General Lopez, whom the Spanish go-
vernment had succeeded in capturing, after hunt-
ing him with blood hounds, was put to death by
this method in the field of La Punta, in Havannah.
(See Illustrated News, Sept. 27, 1851.) This ex-
ecution was noticed in nearly all our papers ; and
much dwelt upon by many. Some of them at that
time spelt the word with two r's.
The other prisoners taken in the Lopez expe-
dition, did not suffer by the garrotte. Colonel
W. L. Crittenden and fifty of his men were shot
at Havannah, at one a. m., on the 16th of August.
K. P. L\ E.
PRINTING PRESS (3rd S. ii. 469.)— In answer to
a question in " N. & Q.," I can strongly recom-
mend " Cowper's Parlour Press," to be had of
Messrs. Holtzapfel & Co., 64, Charing Cross.
The price of one which I think would suit r. is
51. 6s. This size will print a page the size of a
sheet of note paper, i. e. about 4| by 7. This
price includes 2,500 type, with rules, quadrats,
ink, and in fact, everything. A larger size, for
foolscap, is 15/. I have used the'smaller sized with
great success ; in fact, it is perfect and simple.
Messrs. Holtzapfel & Co. can also supply type
of all sorts ; but if r. wants a great variety, I
should advise him to go to Messrs. Wood, at
Smithfield ; where he can choose them, and much
cheaper, as they are type founders.
Can anybody inform me how to proceed with
the anastatic process. I know it is necessary to
draw with a particular ink on thin paper, and that
it is transferred to a zinc plate by the Anastatic
Company, and printed off by them ; but can any-
body tell me how to transfer it ? — if it is an easy
and cheap process ? I often want to print off
little sketches for amusement, which are not worth
sending to the Company for printing. A. P.
In reply to r., I have used for some years a
lever press of Cowper's pattern, made by Holtz-
apfel of Long Acre, with very satisfactory results.
The construction is very simple, and the whole
tolerably portable. Mine carries four fcap. 8vo
pages. For a duodecimo half-sheet r. must, I
think, have a regular professional printer's "Al-
bion " press, costing for his size 151. to 20Z. My
lever was about 101. If r. will favour me with a
note and a call, subsequent to January 15, 1863,
I shall be happy to give him any advice in my
power. GEORGE F. CHAMBERS.
2, Palace Gardens Terrace, Kensington.
W. M. PRAED (3rd S. ii. 446.) — OXONIENSIO
must, I think, be mistaken in one point as to the
funeral of Winthrop Praed. He was at Eton
with me, but above me in school ; but I also
" knew him at home," as the phrase was : that is,
I knew his father, Serjeant Praed, and his bro-
thers and sisters. Moultrie and the twoColeridges,
Derwent and Henry Nelson, I believe major and
minor to us, were senior to Praed again, but were
I think intimate with him. There was no Frere
at Eton in his time, except my cousin John Frere
(who died as Rector of Cottenham). J. Frere
was junior to me again, and I do not suppose
knew Praed except by sight. He was a nephew of
John Hookham Frere, who was Canning's friend
and contemporary ; and as far as I know, there is
no Hookham in the family. I do not know after
whom Praed was christened Winthrop ; but as
that is an American name, he possibly had Ameri-
can connections, which may be partly the reason
why his connected works should have been pub-
lished in America. J. P. O.
MRS. ELIZABETH HALL (3rd S. ii. 477) was the
elder daughter and co-heir of Henry Hall of
Gretford and Burton-Goggles, co. Line, by Eliza-
beth, dau. of Sir Edmond Hartopp, Kt., and
widow of Montagu Cholmley, of Easton, co. Line.,
Esq.
Sir Hugh is described as of Pall Mall, Middlesex.
The house at Gretford remains but little al-
tered. It was long occupied by Dr. Willis as a
lunatic asylum. The house is panelled with
painted deal, and over the chimney-piece are the
arms and quarterings of Hall [and Willoughby of
Parham.
On the dexter side is a merchant's mark, pos-
sibly connected with the comptrollership of Calais,
held by Francis Hall, and on the sinister a friar's
head for Willoughby.
For the pedigree, see Blore's Rutland, pp. 130,
225. C. D.
520
NOTES AND QUERIES.
S. II. DEC. 27, '62.
ttisitellzntaui.
NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.
The Student's Guide to the University of Cambridge.
(Deighton, Bell, & Co.)
The utility of such a volume as the present, if drawn
up by competent hands, is so obvious, that little more is
necessary to recommend the work to those for whose
benefit it has been prepared than an enumeration of its
contents, and the names of the writers. The work has
been drawn up for the information alike of actual students,
and of those who contemplate entering the University.
It opens with a general Introduction by Mr. Seeley,
which is followed by a paper on " University Expenses,"
by Mr. Latham ; and one on " The Choice of a College,"
by the first-named gentleman. To these succeed a series
of articles on the studies and examinations of the Uni-
versity : that on the " Course of Reading for the Mathe-
matical Tripos" being by Mr. Campion; that on the
" Classical Tripos " by Mr. Burn ; that on the " Moral
Sciences Tripos" by Mr. Mayor; that on "Natural
Sciences Tripos " by Mr. Liveing ; that on " Law Studies
and Law Degrees " by Mr. Abdy ; that on " Medical
Studies and Degrees" by Dr. Humphry; and that on
" The Theological Examinations " by Mr. Harold Browne.
These are followed by papers on " Examinations for Civil
Service of India," on the " Local Examinations," on " Ex-
aminations for the Diplomatic Service," and a " Detailed
Account of the Several Colleges." We think we have
said enough to show that all who are in search of trust-
worthy information respecting Life at Cambridge, may
tind it* in this useful little volume.
Bishop Colenso's Criticisms Criticised, in a Series of
Eight Letters, with Notes. By the Rev. Joseph B. M'Caul.
(Wertheim.)
Under this title Mr. M'Caul has published a learned
and able pamphlet, which will be found most acceptable
to all who take an interest in .the subject, not only on
account of the valuable testimonies of Jewish scholars,
and the copious references to various sources of authentic
information, but from the clearness and cogency of the
author's arguments.
St. Winifred; or, the World of School (A. & C.
Black.)
The author of this schoolboy story explains at the
outset that it is not the picture of any particular school,
and of course we readily believe him : and, although the
boys are " more good " than we fear schoolboys often are,
we think he is right in fixing a high standard of mo-
rality as the example to be followed ; and we are sure
that no boy, young or old, will read this book without
being interested in its perusal, and the better for the
healthy tone which pervades every page of it
Katie; or, the Simple Heart. By D. Richmond. (Bell
& Daldy.)
What we have said of St. Winifred will well apply to
Katie, — a book written, not for children, but for young
girls, by whom it will assuredly be read with interest
and with advantage.
The Channings. By Mrs. Henry Wood. (Bcntley.)
This work, by the popular authoress of East Lynne,
is so closely allied to the books we have just been notic-
ing, that we may take this opportunity of calling atten-
tion to this new issue of it in the form of a five- shilling
volume.
Charades, Enigmas, and Riddles, Collected by a Cantab.
Fourth Edition. (Bell & Daldy.)
Fourth Edition! This is recommendation enough for
a publication so seasonable as a Riddle Book at Christ-
mas; but it has another and better recommendation,
namely, that the selection has been made with good
taste, and contains a large number of clever and amusing
Charades, Enigmas, and Riddles.
Karl and the Six Little Dwarfs. By Julia Goddard.
(Bell & Daldy.)
Nursery Carols, illustrated with One hundred and ticenty
Pictures by Ludwig Richter and Oscar 1'Ietsch. (Bell &
Daldy.)
We can safely promise our young friends, who can
read, a great treat \nKnrl and the Six Little Dwarf s ;
and we can promise all good-natured Grandpapas, Grand-
mammas, Uncles, and Aunts, that the little folks who
cannot read will be delighted with the sight of the 120
pretty pictures in the Nursery Carols ; and to hear the
quaint jingles by which they are accompanied.
It is with great regret that we have to record the death
of an accomplished Nobleman, LORD Moxsox, to whom
our readers and ourselves have been indebted for many
valuable communications on points of history and gene-
alogy. His Lordship, who was born on the 14th May,
1796, died, after a fortnight's illness, on Wednesday, the
17th instant.
BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES
WANTED TO PURCHASE.
Wanted written copies of the following. Chargrcs made for copying to
be «ent to Chevron, care of Editor of" N. & Q.": —
1. Grant, circa 1190, by Malcolm, Earl of Lenox, to Gilbert de Carrick,
son and heir of Sir Gilbert de Carrick, deceased, of the landi
of Bukmonzn Kennedy, in Earldom of Lenox.
2. Confirmation by Karl of Lenox. Oct. 2H, 1393, of grant of landi of
Bukmonzn Kennedy, by Sir Gilbert Kennedy, of Dunure, to
John Kennedy, son of Fergus Kennedy.
3. Grant from Malcolm, ton of Holland de Carrick, of the landi of
Treuchan and Kennochen, in Kirkmicluel Munterduffy.
4. Charter of Dav. II. "anent the lean of Muntercarduff, and John
Mackenedy the captain thereof-"
$atitet ta Catvtiparitjtntt.
We are compelled this week to request the intluttience of our Correspon-
dents for the poftponemfnt until next week of their QL-IRKS, teinfi
anxious to include in tki* dumber, the last of the Volume, at maim
KIPLIES as possible.
In the next or following lumbers, among other interesting Paper*, Kill
appear —
REGISTERS or THE STATIONERS' COMPANY.
DlSINTERMENT OF JoHN HAVPPE.l'» KlXAIXS.
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ARCHBISHOP LARD AND BIS SKFCLCBRI.
REFUGEES FROM Low COUNTRIES
WESTMINSTER SANCTUARY.
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LOST MSS. OF COMPLUTENJIAN PoLTOLOT.
INQUIRER. The Spirit of the Public Journals, in IS nob. <
i<» 1 797 and closed in 1 8 14. It was edited by Stephen Jones.
GAMMA. The Earldom of Bristol was in the Dinky family from 1CSS
to 1676. In \l\\theHervey funttly succeeded to the title.
E. F. W. On the custom of representing Mote* homed tee our l*t 8.
I. 419, 420 There were two medal* struct on the Pea-x of Utrecht.
The larger one in gold was presented to each member oj the House of
Lords; the smaller in gold to each member of the House of Common*.
Set our 1st 8. x. IS, 94.
LLALIAWO. A biographical notice of Adm. Sir Erasmus Oowrr mil
be found in the Gentleman's Magazine /or Sept. 1814, p. t89.
E. D. H. A statement on the supposed origin of Foolscap paper ap-
peared in the 1st vol. of our 2nd S. p. X&l.
E»*ATCM_ 3rd S.ii. p. 476, col. ii. line 24,/or " that river " read " the
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INDEX.
THIED SEEIES. — VOL. II.
[For classified articles, see ANONYMOUS WORKS, BOOKS RECENTLY PUBLISHED, EPIGRAMS, EPITAPHS, FOLK LOBI,
PROVERBS AND PHRASES, QUOTATIONS, SHAKSPERIANA, AND SONGS AND BALLADS.]
A. (A.) on alehemy, 270
Bell metal, 337
Bells at Pisa, 387
Bells in a tune, 328
Bells at Campden Church, co. Gloucester, 348
Bells at Canterbury and Ely, 348
Catamaran, its derivation, 139
Diamond dust a poison, 159
Durandus' epitaph, 100
Galileo and the telescope, 210, 372
Ghetto, its derivation, 248
Hunter's and seedsman's moon, 1 60
Intelligence attributed to inanimate things, 164
Legal blunders, 145
Legh (Gerard), characters in his " Armorie," 71
Literature of lunatics, 140
Mess, its derivation, 99
Mestling, and mestling-pot, 100
Oseney, and Great Tom bells, 369
Perch, its various lengths, 213, 376
Peterborough bells, 370
Petition formula, ellipsis, 113
Potatoes introduced into England, 83
Babbit, its derivation, 116
Sackbut, what instrument, 286
Soul-food: Pot-baws, 139
Sternhold and Hopkins's Psalms, 88
Table-turning 1500 years ago, 104
Treble, its derivation, 116
A. (B.) on Dr. Johnson at Oxford, 56, 159
Abbot (Abp. George) " Geography," 231
Abergavenny, formerly Bergavenny, 467
Abhba on Armagh Cathedral, 125
Armagh public library, 146
Belfast Magazine, its editor, 104
Beranger's Views of Ruins, 86
Blacker (Rev. Legard), of Shankhill, 26
Booker's Bloody Irish Almanack, 191
Downes (William Lord), 389
Dublin and London Magazine, its editor, 66
Dublin county, views of ruins, 213
" Essays and Meditations," 372
Fitzwilliam (Wm. Viscount) of Merrion, 123
Hill (Dr. Edw.) annotations on Milton, 410
" History of the City of Cork," 490
Abba on " Irish Hndibras," its author, 329
Kingstown, co. Dublin, 105
Knight's bequests, 449
Lessons from the Breviary, MS., 211
Longevity of lawyers, 37
Marlay (Geo.), Bishop of Dromore, 505
Mayors connected with the peerage, 410
" New Year's Gift to the People of Ireland," 228
Newry Magazine, its editor, 307
O'Connor's (Arthur), Memoirs, 349
Oliver, Earl of Tyrconnel, 349
Perceval (Robert), M.P., 330
Relation of a whale, 350
Tone (Theobald Wolf), manuscripts, 48
" Tour through Ireland," 1748, 148
Winder (Rev. John), descendants, 168
Wright (Thomas), MS. additions to " Louthiana,"
127
Abracadabra on Deodands, etc., 275
Japanese in Europe, 229
Abraham (John), descendants, 26
Ackworth, Yorkshire, Christmas custom, 505
Acts, private, temp. Henry VIII., 37
Adam (Le Pere) and Voltaire, 504
A. (D. C. A.), on Baliol family, 200
Marrow controversy, 295
Marquis of Argyle's execution, 260
Reference wanted, 260
Adieu, its derivation, 326
Adlard (A. B.) on Dudley of Westmoreland, 99, 239
Advertisement, the first printed, 188
Advertising statistics, 247, 279
A. (E.) on Flemish and Hollandish word-books, 27
A. (E. H.) on anagrams, 327
Anecdote of Pope, 186
Bates (Andrew), 295
Cockle (Mrs.), 498
Freeman (Dr. William), family, 307
Ignez de Castro, 516
Intellectual capacity of twins, 498
Worthy, a local termination, 337
A. (E. M. R.) on Adm. Sir Robert Holmes, 105
A. ( G. E.) on an early French song, 423
Ager (Thomas), inquired after, 228
Agmond on lost registers, 211
Agnew (D. C. A.) on being covered before royalty, 17
Degree of S.T.P., etc., 17
522
INDEX.
Agnew (D. C. A.) on Galloway (Allan de), 139
Herbert (George), ode " Virtue," 19
Marrow controversy, 138
Ague charm, 343, 416
Ainger (Alfred) on Byron's plagiarisms, 4G5
Coleridge quoted, 459
Cucumber, its pronunciation, 307
Wimpole Street, 428
A. (J.) on Rev. Henry Scudder, 106
A-kimbo, how performed, 86, 118
Alasco (John), reformer, 383
Album, the monster, 460
Alchemy, " Secrets Revealed," etc., 270, 352
Aldridge (Wm.), author of " Shorthand," 468
Alfred (King), inscription on his jewel, 493
Algebra, its meaning and derivation, 277, 319
Alice de Nerford, wife of John de Neville, her will, 341
'A\KVS on Bishop John Hinchcliffe, 97
Forbes (Bp. Patrick), " Eubulus," 517
Quotations, 97
Allen on " Eating the mad cow," 169
Alleyne (Edward), actor, his will, 404
All Hallows, Barking, its organ, 26, 114
Allix (Dr. Peter), biography, 425
ALport (Douglas), on climate of England, 3-7
Eye, its adjustment to distance, 36
"Hundred Sonnetts," 13
Johnson (Dr.) on punning, 30
North Devonshire folk lore, 91
Paracleptics, 18
Petrified human remains, 19
Toads in rocks, 198
All Souls' eve custom, 59
Allyn (John), Dean of St. Patrick's, will, 435
Alpha on Litra : Dovercourt, 231
Alphabet keeper at the Post Office, 448
Alselin, or Hanselin (Goisfrid), family, 409
Alsned (Ned) on Ap Rhys, or Price, 299
Caradoc Vreichfras, 454
" Amadis of Gaul," early editions, 463
American cents and tokens, 184, 238, 259, 317, 353
American stamps for currency, 125
American States, their disunion foretold, 64
Anagrams, 327, 396 ; their history, 20
Anatolian folk-lore, 123, 180
Anderson (T. C.) on first printed advertisement, 188
Angelas bell, 498
Anglesey (Henry Wm. Paget, Marquis of), burial of bis
leg, 249, 320, 339
Animal versus vegetable oils, 323
Animals taught rope walking, 466
Ann* (Queen), medalet of her reign, 70
Anne (Queen) of Cleves, her will, 342
Annesley (Francis), noticed, 48
Anonymous Works:—
Aristophanes, anonymous translators, 285
Azomoglan, a play, 212
Beelzebub's letter, 6, 117
Brother and Sister, a drama, 505
Brothers, a drama, 212
Burlesque of A Ices t is, 505
Catalonia, a poem, 7
Chess-board of Life, 467
Choose your own Path, 372
Complete Irish Traveller, 1788, 258
Anonymous Works : —
Country Conversations, 469
Cromwell (Oliver), a poem, 26
Discourses of Free-Thinking, 370
Dispensary, an interlude, 86
Dublin and London Magazine, 66, 297
Epitome of the Lives of the Kings of France, 478
Eros and Anteros, a cantata, 86
Essays and Meditations on Various Subjects, 372
Eubulus, Auswere to the Romish Ryme, 448, 515,
517
Fall of the Czar, 368
Fir Trees Story, 467
Foreign Libraries, 1739, 273
Fugitive Pieces written in Foreign Parts, 65
Gospel Shop, 273, 314
Heavenly Meditations upon the Publican's Praver,
209
Histoire Monastiqne d'Irelande, 493
History of the Jesuits, 413
Impertinent, or a Visit to the Court, 45, 111
Institution of the Order of the Garter, 150
Inquisition, a Novel, 45
Irish Hudibras, 329
Israel Restored, its libretto, 430
Jephtha, by a Lady, 448
Journal of a Tour in Ireland, 1835. 258
Journey overland from the Bank to Barnes, 329,
396
Joseph and his Brethren, a Welsh drama, 448
Juniper Lecture, 477
Killarney, a Description of, 1776, 258
Lamp of Life, 214
Leicester (Robert Dudley, Earl of), Life, 147
Letter to Thomas Warton. 451
Letters concerning Mythology, 231
Levellers, or Satan's Privy Council, 45
Lydia, or Conversion, 329
Mardoche'us, a dramatic poem, 26
Marmion Travestied, 104
Masque, called the Institution of the Garter, 150
Memorial of the Church of England, 250
Modern Midnight Conversations, 307
Mordecai, a drama, 448
My Book, by Aaron Philomirth, 46, 100
Narcissus and Eliza, 247
New Year's Gift to the People of Ireland, 228
Old Man's Lesson, and a Young Man's Love, 272
Past and Present, a comedy, 212
Pawnbroker's Shop, a drama, 467
Peep into High Life, 247
Pleader's Guide, a poem, 288, 335, 475
Poems, by an Anglo-Indian, 105
Poems, of Tales, Fables, Epigrams, etc., 65, 117
Poems, Odes, and Elegies, 65
Precious Relics, 247
Promotheus Britannicus, 505
Pygmalion, a lyrical mono-drama, 368
Ruth, by Forbes, its libretto, 430
Sketches of History, Politics, and Manners, 258
Solomon, a drama from the Canticles, 448
Stipendariae Lachrymse, 469
Theodore, or the Progress of Gaming, 505
Theological Doubts, and Priestly Office, 191
Three Months in Ireland, 1827, 258
INDEX.
523
Anonymous Works :—
Tillotson (Abp.), " Charge of Socinianism against,"
250
Tour through Ireland, 1748, 148, 258
Tour in Quest of Genealogy, 331
Tour in the Caves, 388, 459
Treatise on the Public Service, by T. S., 470
Trimmer, Cautions respecting the Union, 149, 299.
Trimmer, Character of a, 149
Trip to Ireland, 1699, 258
Tuscan Treaty, or Tarquin's Overthrow, 272
Wit's Miscellany, or Companion for Choice Spirits,
66.
Zoleika, a Dramatic Tale, 448
Anstey (John), " The Pleader's Guide," 288, 335, 475
Anthems, national, work on, 148, 236
Antiquaries, a puzzle for, 406
Antrim proverbs, 304
A. (P.) on naval uniform, ] 05
A. (P. E.) on a strange story, 67
Apocalypse, Syriac version, 237, 296, 511
Apothecaries' Company's botanical tours, 145
Arbuthnot (Dr. John), " History of John Bull," 34
Archamgere, its locality, 27
Archbishop's mitre, its coronet, 137, 160, 238. 335,
358, 438
Arden (Robert) of Wyllmcote, his will, 435
Ardenne (Agnes), of Wyllmcote, his will, 435
Argyle (Archibald Campbell, 9th Earl), execution, 152,
193, 260
Aries council, A.D. 314, British bishops at, 450
Armagh, arms of the see, 210, 391, 438
Armagh cathedral, 125, 318
Armagh public library, 146
Armistead (Edwin) on Fseroe: Fairfield, 23
Armory, correct, 66, 116
Arms, dictionary of coats of, 180
Arms, letters in coats of, 166, 219, 277, 333, 359,
360
Arms on separate shields, 26
Arsic (Alexander), A.D. 1237, 165
Arthur (King), relationship to the Tudors, 262
Arundel (Thomas Howard, Earl of), biography, 403
Asgill (John), a paradoxical writer, 446
Ashe (T.), on John Bradshaw and Marple Hall, 516
Derivation of Gradely, 476
Intellectual capacity of twins, 498
Ashton (Col.), noticed, 497
Askew (Dr. John), his family, 348, 514
Assam, in India, extent and population, 24
Assurance almanac, 251
Assurance, fire and life, essays on, 165, 251, 314
Astrology, modern, works on, 91, 133, 157
Ath on American cents, 259
Great Scientific Teacher, 104, 175
Greek phrases, 296
Lamech's sin, 299
Mansel (Prof.) allusion, 126
New Testament, uncial and cursive MSS., 301
Parr (Dr.), vernacular sermon, 178
Vernacular, 278
Athenian mansion, 70
A. (T. J.) on Secretary Johnston and Lady Mar, 273
Attleborough Church, its rood loft, 234
Aulios on gold thread work, 8
Austin Friars Church injured by fire, 498
Autographs, handbook of, 80
B.
B. on John Hamilton Parr, 100
" The Highlanders," a satire, 468 ; .
The written tree of Thibet, 327 h
/3. on armour-clad ships, 161
Japanese in Europe, 297
Literature of lunatics, 139 ;.
Nelson (Lord), lines attributed to him, 187
Potatoes introduced into England, 158
Smart's Song of David, 357
Wild turkey, 245
Word derived from a proper name, 478
B. (A.) on Bishop Butler and prophecies, 328
Gerbier (Balth.) miniature of the Infanta, 490
Bacon (Francis), Baron Vernlam, 124, 200 ; chambers
in Gray's Inn, 475; his will, 342; why unnoticed by
Shakspeare, 502 ; ballad on his fall, 63 ; " Essays,"
65, 116,428
B. (A. F.) on blue and buff, 136
Tailor by trade, 148
Baies (William) of Kinsale, his will, 435
Baines (Bishop), manuscripts, 428
Bais Bridge phantom, 53
Baker of Boulogne, " Letter to the Pope," 142, 368, 457
" Baker's Daughter," a picture, 202, 226
Baker (Sir Richard), " Chronicle," 275, 475
Baliol family, 7, 100, 200
Ballads entered in the Stationers' Registers, 21, 22,
421—423, 461, 462
Ballowe family of Norwich, 328
Banks (Sir Joshua), portrait, 388
Baptism, private, 379
Baptismal names, singular ones, 209, 335, 360
Baptisteries, early, 272, 317
Bar, calk to the, 447, 497
Bara = he created, 95, 155
Barber (Alderman), his will, 404
Barbon (Dr. Nicholas), founder of the Phoenix Fire
Office, 75
Barker (Sir Christopher), his will, 342
Barking registers, entries of clergymen, 343, 383 ;
noticeable entries, 423, 441, 497
Barlow (Mathew), his will, 429
Barlow (Thomas), Bishop of Lincoln, pedigree, 448 ;
burial, 517
Barnack church tower, stone seat, 384
Barnard (Dame Elizabeth), her will, 435
Barnard (Henry), apothecary, 247
Baron, its etymology, 54 ; as applied to the Barons of
the Exchequer, 56
Baronets, claim of eldest sons to the title, 219, 397
Bartholomew Fair, early ballads on, 461, 462
Bartlet (Thomas) of Billinghurst, arms, 429, 497
Bartlett (E. W.) on forgetfulness after sleep, 32
Bartlett (John Russell) and Welsh Indians, 467
Basingstoke, the Holy Ghost Chapel, 169
Bassano, his burial, 497
Batchelor (J. W.) on a centenarian, 513
Bates (Rev. Andrew), of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 7, 295
Bath in Norfolk Street, Strand, 429, 518
Bath Abbey, epigram on, 247
Bath (Eleanor, Countess of), will, 403
Bath (Wm. Pulteney, Earl of), and his wife, 403
524
INDEX.
Baxter (John), his rhymed will, 226
Baxter (Nathaniel), author of " Sir Philip Sydney's
Oorania," 351
Baxter (Richard) and his relatives, 141
Bazier, its meaning, 305, 457
B. (B.) on modern astrology, 157
B. (C.) on drawings by Bentley, 272
B. (C. W.) on Halsey family, 87
Turnspit dogs, 255
B. (D.) on Boniface as applied to publicans, 492
Epigram on Adm. Keppel and Rodney, 318
Nevison the freebooter, 52
Refugees in Holland, 111
St Leger of Trunkwell, 197
Whitaker (James), Nonconformist, 411
" Be Wise and be Warned," a tract, 468
Beaucourt (G. du Fresne de) ou Joan of Arc, 155
Kingue Faire, 126, 356
William the Conqueror's Companions, 857
" Beauty and Love," a poem, 516
B. (E. C.) on authorship of " Musae Etonenses," 455
Wellington (Duke of) and Lady Holland, 155
Bede (Cnthbert) on Richard Baxter, 141
Baxter (John), his rhymed will, 226
Blue and buff as party colours, 34
Breakneck crows, 306
• Cats and derelict vessels, 472
Chapter and worse, 347
Fern folk lore, 342
Grenze's paintings, 198
Highland fortune-teller, 484
Letters cut by Preston prisoners, 285
Literature of lunatics, 35
Monument in Conington Church, 399
Pillar of the Church, 365
Reading the bone, 484
Snip-snap-snornm, 379
Suggy, a provincialism, 271
Young Herd and the King's Daughter, 485
Beech (Rob.), murdered by Thomas Merry, 462
Beef: " Roast beef of England," origin of the boast, 347
" Beelzebub's Letter: "its author, 6, 69, 117
Beisley (S.) on Bobs and buttercups, 10?
Cats and valerian, 118
Shakspeare emendations, 502
Trimmers, for catching fish, 507
Beke (Charles) on " De la," a prefix to surnames, 33
Goolkyn, Gookin, or Gokin, 324, 472
Harran in Padan Aram, 457
Prince of Wales's majority, 375
Sixty-four languages of the 1 6th century, 78
Belcher (T. W.), M.D., on Marquis of Anglesey's leg,
320
Owen Fitz-Pen, alias Phippen, 409
" Belfast Magazine," its editor, 104
Bell (Dr. Wm.) on etymology of gloves, 31
Motherby (John), 77
Bell, the passing, its original purpose, 246
Bells, the blessing of church, 192, 240, 496; in a tune,
328 ; Oseney and Great Tom of Oxford, 369, 438,
493; Peterborough, 370; at Pisa, 387, 496; metal,
337
Bensley (James), death and epitaph, 467
Bensley (Robert), actor, anecdote, 412
Bensley (Thomas) on Bishop Barlow's pedigree, 448
Bensley (James), death and epitaph, 467
Bensley (Thomas) on Cheston of Mildenhall, Gloucester,
and Bristol, 385
Corbels of Sprowston, co. Norfolk, 448
Dramatic queries, 412
Gouldsmith (Jonathan), M.D, 394
Rowe (Samuel), Bradshaw's legatee, 411
Steward family of Norfolk, 449
Bentley ( — ), drawings for Gray's poems, 272
Beranger (Mr.), views of ruins near Dublin, 86, 213, 378
Berchorius (Peter), his " Chronicon,"351
Berningh family, its arms, 7
Beta on Blackaddcr family, 378
Beveridge (Bishop), his simile, 209
Beverlacensis on death by the sword, 297
Beverley, tablet in St John's Church, 125, 160
Beverley Minster, rood loft, 177
B. (E. W.) on Thomas Bartlet, 429
B. (F. C.) on baptismal names, 335
Colberteen, 336
Wigs worn by royalty, 256
B. (F. G.) on Earl of Suffolk's fool, 105
B. (F. W.) on mutilation of monuments, 257
B. (G.) on Randle Cheney, of Broxbonrne, 247
Irish folk-lore, 244
Lushington (Hon. James Stephen), 160
Newry Magazine, its editor, 419
B. (H. G.) on German ballad, 46
Bible of 1549, Psalm xci. 5, " Bugs by night," 46O ;
imperfect copy of edit 1611, 489 ; italic references
in that of 1682, 29; the Authorised Version, 371
Bibliothecar. Chatham, on anonymous works, 448
General Literary Index, 181
Erasmus and Dean Colet, 507
Bicton (James), Dean of Kilkenny, will, 404
Biddenham maids, 76
Bills of Exchange, their origin, 39
Billyng (Wm.), poet, quoted, 55
Bingham (C. W.) on Breakneck crows, 357
Domesday Book, 272
Owen Fitz-Pen's epitaph, 515
Pictures of the Earl of Leicester, 295
Portland Island, 480
Rabbit, its etymology, 18
Reindeer, Raindeer, 456
Trouvaille, 338
Birch (C. E.) on medal of Adm. Vernon, 137
Bird the prelude of death, 25, 107
Birds'-eggs, act for their preservation, 7
Birth rhyme, 342
Bishops in waiting, their precedence, 133, 175, 510
Bishops' lawn sleeves, origin of. 45, 359
Biss (James, M.D.), noticed, 65
Bittern, the American, 360
B. (J.) on Ben Wilson, the caricaturist, 239
Blackadder (Christian), her family, 210, 378
Blackadder family, 285, 336
Blacker (Rev. Legard). Rector of Shankhill, 26
Blackwell (Dr. Thomas), " Letters concerning Mytho-
logy," 231
Blades (Wm.) on Robert Large's will, 404
Bladon (J.) on Fylfot, Gammadion, 336
Blake family, 14, 58
Blakiston (Dowager Lady), her longevity, 513
Blakiston (Rowland), temp. Henry VIII., family, 7
Blanket, origin of the word, 318, 359, 398
Blanshard family, 14, 75
INDEX.
525
Blarney stone, its virtues and history, 308
Blencowe (R. W.) on Mr. Justice Heath, 1 1
Blondin, his weight, 228, 312
Blue and buff, party colours, 34, 96, 136, 175, 319
B. (N.) on works on cruelty to animals, 86
Quotation by Addison, 278
Board of Trade, its origin, 16
Bobs and buttercups, 107
Bockett (Julia E.) on St. Legers of Trunkwell, 315
Bodenham (John), " England's Helicon," 142
Bodley (Sir Thomas), his will, 342
" Body and Sleeves," meaning of the phrase, 427, 499
Boileau (Nicole), allusion to a modern writer, 490
Boleyn (Sir Thomas), his penance, 53
Bolingbroke (Henry St. John, Lord), satirical print of, 401
Bonalio (Jerome), noticed, 497
Bonaparte family register, 124
Bonaparte (Napoleon), escape from Elba, 129, 155, 180,
196, 214, 319 ; lines on, 469; noticed, 406
Boniface, as applied to publicans, 492
Book borrower, lines to one, 83
Book inscription, 125
Booker (John), " Bloody Irish Almanack," 191
Books, plurality of editions 36, 96
Books, remarkable sale of, at Manchester, 271
Books carried to church in a white napkin, 100, 173
Books recently published: —
Adams's Battles in English History, 440
Bacon's Essays, by W. A. Wright, 400
Black's Guide Books, 60
Blakiston's Five Months on the Yang-Tsze, 439
Blew's Crisis of Common Prayer, 20
Cambridge University, Student's Guide to, 520
Camden Society: Cooper's Lists of Foreign Pro-
testants and Aliens in England, 60
Charades, Enigmas, and Riddles, 520
Chambers's Book of Days, 140
Charles V., Emperor, Autobiography, 180
Chatelain's Beaute's de la Poesie Anglaise, 400
Chevers on the Death of James I. and Charles II.
120
Churton's Gongora, 420
Coleridge's Poems, 400
Corney (Bolton), Shakspeare's Sonnets, 120
Delepierre's Macarone'ana Andra, 460
De la Rue's Diaries, 440
Decker (T.), The Gull's Hornbook, 220
Denton's Servia and the Servians, 400
Devey's Life of Joseph Locke, 420
Dryden's Hints to Anglers, 20
Eastwood's History of the Parish of Ecclesfield, 20
Edmonds's Land's End District, 300
Ferguson's River Names of Europe, 80
Goddard's Karl and Six Little Dwarfs, 520
Handbook to the Cathedrals of England, 459
Hampshire Domesday with translation, 280
Hardy's Catalogue relating to History of Great
Britain, 340
Herald and Genealogist, 280, 440
History of Jacob and his Twelve Sons, 120
History of the Thorn Tree and Bush, 120
Home (Thomas Hartwell) Reminiscences, 20
Hewlett's Chronicles of Oatlands, 20
Iliad, in English Hexameters, by John Murray, 20
Ince and Gilbert's English History, 300
Books recently "published :—
Intellectual Observer, 140
Irving (Washington) Life and Letters, 280
Knell (Thomas), A Piththy Note on Felton's Mar-
tirdome, 120
Kydd (Thomas), " The Murder of John Brewen,"
120
Lloyd's Life of Sir Philip Sidney, 20
M'Caul on Bp. Colenso's Criticisms Criticised, 520
Marguerite d'Angouleme's Livre de Defenses, 39
Netherclift's Handbook of Autographs, 80
Nursery Carols, 520
Papworth's Dictionary of Coats of Arms, 180
Preston Guild, History of, 180
Quarterly Review, No. 223, 80 ; No. 224, 340
Richmond's Katie, or the Simple Heart, 520
Roffe's Remains of R. C. Roffe, 120
St. Winifred, or the World of School, 520
Smith's Dictionary of the Bible, 140
Smith (Thomas Assheton), Reminiscences, 300
Thieury (Jules), La Lettre de Change, 39
Townsend's Manual of Dates, 300
Townsend's Town and Borough of Leominster, 400
Tugwell on the Mountain, 400
Welby's Predictions realised in Modern Times, 80
Wheatley's Anagrams, 20
Wood (Mrs. Henry) on The Channings, 520
Wood's Illustrated Natural History, 140
Borde (Andrew), " Hystory of the Miller of Abington,"
142; " Regimente, or Dietary of Health," 142
Boston (John), Catalogue of Monastic Libraries, 309
Bothwell (Francis Stuart, Earl of), his dress at the
execution of Mary Queen of Scots, 46
Botolph (St.), a pious Saxon, 274
Bourchier (Sir James), noticed, 497
Bowles (Caroline), Stanzas translated, 213, 295
Bowles (Charles), glass-manufacturer, 145, 272
Bowles (John), printseller, 145, 254
Bowness (R. H.), M.D., on the White King, 351
Boyle (Hon. Robert), his will, 342
Br. (J.) on number of languages in 17th century, 28
Bradshaw (John), 516; his final burial-place, '41 1
monument to his son, 458
Bragge (Wm.), petition to East India Company, 345
Braose family, 38
Breakneck crows, 306, 357
Brentwood School, its history, 276
Breton (Nicholas), " The Will of Wit," and other works ,
143
Brett ( — ), M.P. for Sandwich, 63
Brett (F. H.) on Forthink, a provincialism, 309
Brewen (John), his murder, 120
Bridge and Shot, the Leeds ordinary, 460
Bristol (George Digby, 2nd Earl of), poem, 383
" British Plutarch," its editors and editions, 280
Broom Hall, picture of two figures, 88
Broughton (D.) on serpents in Ireland, 236
Brown (George), a centenarian, 368
Brown (Isaac Hawkins), memorable dance, 65
Browne (Andrew), of Kinsale, his will, 435
Browne (Henry), of Kinsale, his will, 435
Browne (James Fitz-Andrew), his will, 435
Browne (Joseph), M.D., his works, 13
Browne (Simon), his works, 1 15
Browne (Sir Thomas), M.D., his will, 342
526
INDEX.
Brace (John), on baptism of Wm. Oldys, 376
Brace (Michael), " The ballad of Sir James the Rose," 29
Bruno (Giordano), Latin works, 508
B. (R. W.), on centenarianism, 318
B. (S.), on emblematical flowers, 329
Doating herb juice, 502
Rope walking by animals, 466
Typographical queries, 167
B. (T.), on the climate of England, 113
Generosity and delinquency, 87
Lambert (James), 42
Macklin (Charles), his age, 143
Mather (Joseph), his Songs, 304
Mayor of Galway, 147, 167
Nevison the freebooter, 99
Penny Hedge at Whitby, 88
Recovery from apparent death, 114, 194
Resurrection men, 88
Sidney (Sir Philip), portrait by Paul Veronese, 472
Wellington and Blncher meeting, 167
B. (T. W.), on Windbams of Norfolk, 454
Buckingham (Geo. Villiers, Duke of), " Addrest to his
Mistress," 442
Buckingham (John Sheffield, Duke of), will, 435
Buckton (T. F.), on A-Kimbo, 1 18
Bara, 155
Cam-shedding, 237
Chess legend, 135
Goggles, 279
Delphic oracles, 419
Earth a living creature, 1 76
Egyptian antiquities, 514
Galileo and the telescope, 289
Gerard : Priestley, 278
Hebrew queries, 259
Name of Jesus, a festival, 115
Perch, its various length, 296, 497
Petition formula, 178
Sackbnt, musical instrument, 414
Samaritan Pentateuch, 419
Scandinavia, 436
Shakspeare and Lord Bacon, 502
Slavery, as noticed in Scripture, 114, 296
Typographical queries, 216
Week, its derivation, 419
Burgh (Dr. William), noticed, 191
Burghley (Wm. Cecil, Lord), his will, 342
Burke (Edmund) and the Clohir estate, 61 ; his esta-
blishment at Beaconsfield, 81; his admired poet, 477
Burn (J. S.), on Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, 339
Whitelock's Memorials, manuscript, 260
Wills in print, 435
Burnet (Bp. Gilbert), his will, 404
Burns (Robert) son of the poet, letter, 273
Burton (John), on "Tour to the Caves," etc., 459
West v. Wright, etc., 388
Buterfield (Mr.), mathematical instrument maker, 377,
398
Butler (Bishop Joseph), on prophecies, 328
Butler (J. M.), on wild-fire, 498
Butler (Samuel), " Hudibras," 1689, 260
Butter, Butterfly, their etymology, 29
B. (W.), on Abp. Cranmer's portrait, 38
Bye-law explained, 19
Byron (Lord), school life. 426 ; early poems, 346 ;
plagiarisms , 465 ; bronze medal by A. J. Stothard, 90
0.
C. on a bird the prelude of death, 25
Civitas Colonia Londinensinm, 450
De L'Isle, or De Insnla family, 66
Morgan family, 315
Tennyson : Shakspeare, 305
Cache-cache, Hide-and-Seek, its tragic results, 149,
176
Caedo Illud on Abp. Jnxon, 231
Caerleon, an archbishopric, 451
Calais, Henry VIII.'s banqneting-house, 261
Calcraft (Capt.) inquired after, 104
" Caledonian Mercury" newspaper, 38, 92
Calicoes, printed, formerly prohibited, 447
Calligraphy of gentlemen. 210, 319
Callis, or almshouse, origin of the word, 213
C. (A.M.) on St. George's rallying call, 229
Cam (Thomas), of Shoreditch, his longevity, 447
Cambridge Regius Professors, official arms, 455
Cambridge University, Students' Guide to, 520
Cambronne (Col.), taken prisoner at Waterloo, 144
Camden (William), his will, 342
Camelot, or Cadbury Camp, near Clevedon, 9, 77
Camorra of Italy, 409
Campbell (Thomas), poet, his first printed poetical
piece, 409, 475
Campden church, co. Gloucester, its bell, 348
Cam-shedding, or camp-shedding, 165, 237
Camul on Insanity : Lamech'ssin, 211
Canard, origin of the word, 507
Canterbury, arms of the see, 210, 391, 438
Canterbury (Abp. of), enthronisation, 488; his pro-
vincial officers, 504
Canterbury Cathedral, its large bell, 348
Canterbury gallop, meaning of the phrase, 352
Canynges (Wm.), of Bristol, his will. 435
" Captive Knight," a poem, 188, 294
Card : " To speak by the card," 503
Cardinals hats, origin of, 45, 93, 398
Carlysle (Christopher), Norroy, his will, 341
Carmichael (C. H. E.), on Dying with the Ebbing tide,
189
Rose (Arthur) and William Smyth, 395
Carpet Knights noticed, 388, 476
Carrick and Kennedy families, 466
Carter (Elizabeth), " Dialogue between Body and Mind,"
410
Carter Lane meeting-house, 218
Gary (John), latest edition of his " Itinerary," 414
Carye (Annys), of Chidlingstone, her will, 435
Cashmere, English History of, 505
Castelvetro (Lodovico) on the JSneid, 210
Catamaran, its etymology, 139, 175, 219
Catch-cope bells, 395, 439
Cathedrals of England, Handbook to, 459
Cato on " Sir Philip Sydney's Ourania," 350
Cats and derelict vessels, 345, 395, 472; and valerian.
118, 299
Cattle, Wild, of England, their relics, 48, 174
Caxton (Wm.), "Office for Transfiguration Day," 171
. (B. H.) on Ague charm, 343
American Cents, 259
Caxton, Pinson, etc., early works, 1 17
Commandments in hexameter verse, 271
INDEX.
527
C. (B. H.) on John Hall, Bishop of Bristol, 497
Jacobite Psalter, 282
Noel, a painter, 105
Pomfret in Stepney, 2 57
Prognostication of Vincentius, 489
Syriac version of the Apocalypse, 237, 511
" To cotton to," 237
Wigs, or Whigs, 116
Wycliffe and indulgences, 286
C. (E.) on " Letters concerning Mythology," 231
Kuggieri, violin-maker, 491
Cecilia (St.), patroness of music, 370, 433, 509
C. (E. F. D.), on foreign money, etc., 449
Refugees from Low Countries, 449
Refugee registers at Somerset House, 446
Sicilian Order, 9
Traditions through few links, 465
Centenarianism. See Longevity.
Cents, American, 184, 238, 259, 317, 353
C. (E. S.), on Allhallows Barking registers, 497
Chalk Farm, a corruption of Chalcot, 209
Chambers (G. F.), on mortars and cannons,. ?6
Parlour printing press, 5 1 9
Chance (Dr. F.) on Assam and " The Times, 24
Customs in the County of Wexford, 152
Dolmetscher, its derivation, 172
Sleep and Death, 465
Chantrey (Sir Francis), his will, 404
Chaplains in Ordinary, 229
Chapman (Mr J.), lines on a wrestler, 106, 159
Chapters and prebendal residence, 347
Charade: " Sir Geoffrey lay," 188, 218
Charades, enigmas, and riddles, 520
Charles I., the White King, 351 ; medal of 1633, 371 ;
warrant for his execution, 213; supposed executioner,
168
Charles II., his riddle, 305; death, 120
Charles V., Emperor, his autobiography, 1 80 ; and
Henry VIII., 221, 261, 281
Charles VIII., his death, 329
Charleston memorabilia, 104
Charlotte A. on written tree of Thibet, 374
Charnock (R. S.) on Burton Coggles, 319
Ghetto, its derivation, 376
Local names, 476
Martyr's and Suet pennies, 498
Potter and Lumley families, 116
Ships, ancient, 134, 310
Soul-food, its etymology, 116
Surun, 236
Sydserff, its derivation, 117
Tennyson: Camelot, 77
Worth and Worthy as local names, 399
Charron (Pierre), of Wisdome, translated by S. Len-
nard, 204
Chaulieu (1'Abbe' de), ode, " Sur 1'Imagination," 249
C. (H. B.), on Athenian mansion, 70
Burke's admired poet, 477
Lines found in the pocket of H. B., 369
Scandinavian proverbs, 417
C. (H. C.), on relative value of money, 16
Cheney (Randle), of Broxbourne, 247, 357
Cherry (Sir Francis), noticed, 497
Cheshunt House noticed, 309, 399
Chess legend, 86, 135
Chessborough on arms of Canterbury and Armagh, 391
Chessborough on Cardinal's cap and rochet, 398
Coins, etc., 375
Dartmouth arms, 474
" Epitome of Lives of the Kings of France," 478
Forthink: Chaucer, 479
Letters in coats of arms, 359
Old Sarum, 358
Queen Elizabeth's weakness, 384 *
Scottish Aceldama, 274
Twinkling of a bed-staff, 359
Tyrconnel (Oliver, Earl of), 43
Chessmen, ancient, 247, 376, 437
Chestnut timber, 237
Cheston family, of Mildenhall, Suffolk, and Glou-
cester, and Bristol, 385
Chevron on the Lords of Galloway, etc., 466
Skipton arms, 491
Chiffonier, its derivation, 390
Chimney, rhyme to, 190
China, rebellions in, 439
C. (H. P.), on epigram by an archbishop, 448
Franklin (Benj.), anecdote of Grindstoue, 449
Chrismatory, its three divisions, 307, 339
Christian IV., a wine-bibber, 502
Christmas carols, 103, 204
Christmas-day, poem on, by Wm. Fiske, 405
Christmas hospitality, 481 ; custom at Ackworth, 505
Church towers, stone seats in, 384
Church used by churchmen and Romanists, 56, 96, 176,
297
Churches dedicated to the Holy Ghost, 45, 100, 377,
438
Churches of London, their steeples, 329
Churchwarden's answers, 104, 193
C. (H. W.), on J. B. Greuze's paintings, 147
City, a bishop's see confers the title, 25
C. (J. S.), on " Durance vile," 56
C. (K. M.), on air of " Here awa, there awe," 230
Caroline Bowles's stanzas, 213
Clark (W. L. J.), on dying with the ebbing tide, 258
Clarke (Hyde) on Anatolian folk-lore, 123
Clarke (James) on diamond dust a poison, 219
Clarke (John), schoolmaster at Hull, 323, 511
Clarry on Dr. Johnson and punning, 72
Paris press in 1862, 489
Clay (C.), M.D., on American cents and tokens, 184
Cleaver (Samuel), his longevity, 513
Clement Augustus, Elector of Cologne, 389
" Clerkenwell News," its advertisements, 279
Clerks, deputy, and Chaplains in Ordinary, 229
Clervaux (Marmaduke), of Croft, his will, 434
Clifton Bible and bear, 236
Clifton (Wm.), of Edinburgh, 370
Climate of England, 37, 113
Clinton (Heary) on Alan de Galloway, 7
Clio on meneyer's weights, 56
Clock punishment, 185
Cluverius (Philip), " Germania Antiqua," 150, 359
Clyde (Lord), regulations in Sepoy mutiny, 429, 518
C. (M.), on corporas case, 472
C. (N.) on Earl of Bothwell's " dule weed," 46
Cobbin (Rev. Ingram), poetical works, 372, 436
Cock and bell, an inn sign, 128
Cockle (James), on mathematical bibliography, 443
Cockle (Mrs.), educational works, 337, 498
Cocytus, the river of Hades, 327
528
INDEX
Codrington (Robert), " Adventures in Love," 461
Coeor (Jacques), punning motto, 54
Goggan (Marmaduke), epitaph, 446
Goggles, its derivation, 188, 279, 319, 439
Coin, gold, in punch ladles, 8, 38, 375
Coins, Roman, found in Malabar, 506
Coinage, English, with profile, 307, 378, 518
Colberteen explained, 192, 336
Cole (John), of Scarborough, 54
Colenso (Bp.), his Criticisms Criticised, 520
Coleridge (S. T.), "Aids to Reflection" quoted, 411,
459 ; " Love, Hope, and Patience, in Education,"
107
Colet (Sir Henry), father of Dean Colet, will, 435
Colet (Dean John), and Erasmus, 507 ; his will, 341
Collets, yonng cabbages, 136, 220
Collier (J. P.) on extracts from the registers of the
Stationers' Company, 21, 421, 461
Drayton's " Endymion and Phoebe," 394
Collins (Mortimer), charade, 349, 397
Collyns (W.) on Eales family, 292
Colours and musical sounds, analogy between, 36, 79,
178
Colquitt (Wm.) of Christ's College, Cambridge, 228
Common Prayer-book of the English Church, the words
of Consecration in the Communion Service, 230;
Prayer for the Church Militant, 409
Complntensian Polyglott, supposed lost MSS., 442
Comte (Anguste), the great scientific teacher, 104,
138, 175,238
Condey (Geo.), author of " Camillus," 329
Congleton Bible and bear, 166, 236, 299
Coningtou Church, monumental effigy, 399
Constable (Sir Marmaduke), inedited letter, 208
Conway (Charlotte Shorter, Lady), 427
Conwey (Daniel), of Cork, his will, 435
Cooke (Alex.), his will, 404
Coombes (Jas.), on book inscription, 83
Cooper (C. H.), on Dr. Nicholas Barbon, 75
Kello (Samuel), Rector of Spexhall, 97
Nevison, the freebooter, 16
Cooper (C. H. and Thompson), on Andrew Bates, 7
Browne (Joseph), M.D., 13
Clarke (John), schoolmaster of Hull, 511
Colquitt (William), 228
De Costa, the Waterloo Guide, 109
Fitch (Zechariah), 455
Healey (John), 334
HinchclifFe (Bishop John), 98
Hodges (Thomas Law), 211
Kingston (Richard), particulars wanted, 470
Lushington (James Stephen), 87
Maltby (Bishop), 279
Maynwaring (Everard), 506
Meeke (Francis), Esq., 229
Muddiman (Henry), newswriter, 147
Otway (Samuel), 458
Peat (Sir Robert), 77
Russell (Eliz. Lady), Sir T. Posthumus Hoby, 324
"The Gospel Shop," 314
Copernican system, its promulgation, 465
Copley (Godfrey), his burial entry, 188, 458
Coppercap on the wild turkey, 313
Corbet (Bp.) on Great Tom 'of Oxford, 494
Corbet family of Sprowston, Norfolk, 448
Corby, co. Northampton, singular custom, 49, 99, 897
Corner (G. R.) on Dnddyngton, organ maker, 26
Southwark, or St. George's Bar, 41
Corporas case explained, 472
Corpse, custom of turning on meeting one. 76, 152,
195
Corruption of words into sense, 303, 456
Corson (Hiram), on passage in Hamlet, 269
Corte-Keal's " Naufragio de Sepulveda," 169
Cornnna, formerly called The Groyne, 89
Cosby (Alex.), Governor of Nova Scotia, 377
Coster festival at Haarlem, 237, 335
Cotton: " To cotton to," a slang phrase, 10, 75, 174.
237
Cotton (Ven. Archdeacon) on turnspit dogs, 219
Couch (T. Q.) on an old pocket dial, 185
Counsel and causes, 27
" Country party" in 1676, 196, 298
County feasts holden in London, 286, 392, 438
Coventry, the finger-burning chaplain of, 118
Coventry (Sir Wm.) and "The Character of a
Trimmer," 149
Coverdale (Myles), [ie. Tyndale's] Bible, 4to. 1537, 10,
35,72,113
Coverley (Sir Roger de), origin of the character, 286,
358, 495
Cowley (Abraham), lines on Drake's ship, 492 ; his
will, 404
Cowper (Spencer), trial for murder, 279
Cowper (William), " John Gilpin," 429
C. (R.), Cork, on Kingston manuscripts, 280
Medalet of Queen Anne, 70
Cranmer (Abp.), portraits, 38, 77
Crape, old and modern, 418
Craufnrd (Quintin), noticed, 106
Cray, a local name, its meaning, 59
Creaughe (Genett), of Cork, his will, 435
Creswell (S. F.), on books carried to church in a
napkin, 100, 173
Religious tests, 350
Skedaddle, a provincialism, 326
Words derived from proper names, 277
Crinoline called " San-benito," 271
Croker (Thos. Crofton), " History of Cork," 49O
Cromek (T. H.), on author of " The Pleader's Guide,"
288
Tweddell (John), monumental slab, 314
Cromwell Gardens, admission ticket, 192
Cropredy Bridge, note on the battle at, 5
Crosses of various kinds, 331
Crossley (James), on " History of John Bull," 84
Pope's epitaph on the Digbys, 55
Swift and Dr. Wagstaffe's Miscellanies, 131
Cruelty to animals, works on, 86, 113
Crux on Fairfax family of Deeping Gate, 310
C. (S.), on Jacob and James, 15
Reynoldses, 15
StBotolph: Farthell, 274
" To cotton to," 174
Cucumber, its pronunciation, 307, 357
Cumbriensis on Wyndham, Somerset, &c., 395
Cundall (Henry), bis will, 404
Cunningham (Peter) on Dryden's inedited lines. 205
Henry VI., his accession, 122
Curfew bell, its history, 431, 498
Cnrll (Edmond), and Voiture letter?, 162, 295
Cutler (Sir John), noticed, 16
INDEX.
529
Cut-throat Lane, a corruption 209, 259, 319
C. (W.), on analogy between colours and music, 36
Baptismal names, 360
Byron's school days, 426
Creur (Jacques), canting motto, 54
English coinage, 378
Ferencz, i.e., Francis, 360
Hackney, as an adjective, 378, 478
Papa and mamma, 59
Prince of Wales's majority, S76
St. Willebrod : Frisic literature, 388
Sir, or Dominus, 58
Victoria (Queen), epithalamium on her marriage,
54
C. (W. H.) on aristocratic mayors, 51 7
Cytrine, or citrine, in Chaucer, 48
Cywrm on the House that Jack built, 487
D.
D. on Lord Dundreary, 490
Erasmus and Ulric Hutten, 98
Literature of lunatics, 76
Nelson family of Yorktown, 64
Newry Magazine, 358
Patrick (Bishop Simon), unpublished MS., 64
Quotation: " I hear a voice," etc., 287
" Scratching like a hen," 98
A. on Bradshaw the regicide, 411
Traditions through few links, 428
Daffy's Elixir, its proprietors, 348, 398
Dagenham registers, entries relating to clergymen, 382
Dalrymple family, 307
Dalton (John) on Complutensian Polyglott, 442
Sir David Ximenes, 352
St. Cecilia, the patroness of music, 370, 509
Dalton, (S.) on the three Wise Men, 248
Dalziel (Archibald), ancestry, 329
Daman (Wm.), " The Psalms of David," 267
Damiens* bed of steel, 18
Daniel (Samuel), poetical pieces, 267 ; " Civil Wars,"
462 ; his will, 404
Dante, inedited poems, 329
Darby (Rev. Samuel), " Letter to Thomas Warton," 451
D'Arcy family arms, 410
Dares and Dictys on the Trojan War, 270
Darley (George), literary productions, 492
Dartmouth arms, 409, 474
Dauriat (Mme. Louise), lectures, 19
D'Aveney (H.) on Bais Brigg phantom, 53
Fairfax family, 390
Napoleon's escape from Elba, 214
Davies (Sir John), "Orchestra," 461
Davies (J. B.) on Chapman's Idylls of Theocritus, 159
Davy (Sir Humphrey), characters in his pantomime,
166, 239
D. (A. W.) on centenarianism, 399
Dayman (E. A.) on Coverdale's Bible, 72
Days, unlucky, 136
D. (B.) on Beranger's Dublin Ruins, 378
D. (C.) on West Humble Chapel, 274
Elizabeth Gousell, 514
Hall (Mrs. Elizabeth), 519
AS. on Bishop Beveridge's simile, 209
Letters hi heraldry, 334
D. (E. A.) on Cardinal's cap, 93
D. (E. A.) on Coverdale's Bible, 11
Leon, arms of the kingdom of, 53
Deans, precedence of, 138
Death, recovery from apparent, 25, 114
Death by the sword in England, 125, 297
Decalogue in hexameter verse, 271
Decker (Thomas), works, 268
De Coster, the Waterloo Guide, 7, 51, 108, 135, 156
235, 297
De Foe (Daniel), " Memoirs of the Church of Scotland,"
510; works, 268, 269
Degree of S. T. P., 17
" De la," a prefix to English surnames, 33
De L'Isle or De Insula family, 66, 118, 170
Delony (Thomas), ballads, " The Marchant of Eamden,"
21; Works, 269
Delphic oracles, when silenced, 331, 360, 419
Delta on Lord Byron's medal, 90
Words derived from proper names, 278
De Mareville on Bazier, 4^7
Corruptions into sense, 456
Denison (Archdeacon), celebrates harvest-home, 384
Dennet, origin of the word, 239, 297
Deodands, their history, 275
Derby (Ferdinando, Earl of), his death, 22
Dering (Edward), " Sermons," 302
Desdichado on ancient ships, 67
Devonshire folk-lore, 91
D. (F. L. B.) on Heiress's son, 515
D. (G. H.) on the word Hackney, 478
Dial, an old pocket, 185, 259, 320
Dial mottoes, 186
Diamond (John), the calculator, 86
Diamond dust a poison, 159, 179, 219
Dictionaries, early, 302
Digby (Sir Everard), his execution, 99
Digby (Sir Kenelm), discovery of his MSS., 45
Digbys, Alexander Pope's epitaph on, 6, 55, 90
Dillon family, 28
Dinmore (R.) and the continued union of the American
States, 64
Diseases, immunity from, in South Africa, 368, 418,
456
Dissenters, religious tests among, 350, 416
Dixon (J.) on lawn and crape, 418
Roundhead, origin of the term, 450
Dixon (Robert) " Canidia,'' 303
D. (J.) on female printers, 315
Immunity from diseases, 418
Medicine, original meaning, 369
Penny Hedge at Whitby, 318
Smart's Song to David, 313
D. (J.R.) on Dr. Rippon's meeting-house, 218
D. (M.) on Birth rhyme, 342
Blackadder family, 336
Cheap food for the poor, 429
English kings entombed in France, 135
Ferule, 178
Intellectual capacity of twins, 388
Mediaeval seals, 349, 491
Nef, a ship on wheels, 188
Old proverb, 488
Painting of the Reformers, 175
Robertson (Thomas), grammarian, 251
Silver wedding-day, 389
Waynflete arms, 498
530
I N D E X.
Wrexham organ, 248
_ m.) on Gray's " Elegy" parodied, 55
"M cattle in England, 48
Dockwra (\Vm.), originator of Penny Post, 68
Dodsley (Robert), epigram on Burnet's History, 197
Dog, the turnspit, 149, 219, 255
Dogs articles of commerce, 345
Dog's teeth : pointing at lightning, 342, 399
Doll, first use of the word, 250
Dolmetecher, its derivation, 98, 1 72
Domesday Book, an obscure phrase, 272
Donkey, the cross on its back, 59, 76
Donne (Dr. John), " Satires " versified by Alexander
Pope, 112; burial of his mother, 344
Doran (A. H. G.) on words from proper names, 177
Doran (Dr. J.) on birth-day of George III., 37
Halsey family, 133
Joan of Arc, 93
Latimer = Latiner, 98
Muddiman (Henry), 196
Mutilation of monument's, 215
Dorset (Thomas Sackville, Earl of), his will, 342
Dover farthing, 6
Dowling (Rev. Nathan), noticed, 42
Downes (William, Lord), biography, 389
D. (R.) on Erasmus and Dr. Young, 366
Drake (James), M.D., " Memorial of the Church of
England," 250; translator of Herodotus, 331
Drake (Sir Francis), fate of his ship, 492
Drawing the four aces, 489
Drayton (Michael), list of his works, 362, 363; "En-
dymion and Phoebe," 394, 435 ; " Ideas Mirrour," 422
Dress on the Greek stage. 246
Drewsteignton cromlech, 27, 70, 119, 395
Dryden (John), " Epistle to Kneller," 205
Dn Bartas, his " Divine Weekes and Days," 363
Dublin county, views of ruins, 213
DncU (J. F.) " Abufar," quoted, 47, 378
Duddyngton (Antony), organ maker, 26, 114
Dudley family of Russell's Hall, 325, 396
Dudley (Sir Andrew), his will, 342
Dudley (Thomas) of Westmoreland, issue, 46, 99, 166,
239
Duer (John) of Antigua, 319, 379, 437
Duffy (J. H.) on private act temp. Henry VIII., 37
Legal blunders, 198
Quotation, 491
Sows and pigs of metal, 119
Dun (Bellin), the first thief ever hanged, 421
Dundreary (Lord), origin of the title, 490
Dunsford (F.) on Captain Henry Parry, 491
Dunstan (St ), canonization and symbols, 27, 77
" Durance vile," 56
Dnrandus, his epitaph, 79, 100
Durham on family of John Abraham, 26
Dnrnford family, 57, 113
D. (W.) on Cardinal's hat and lawn sleevcs,'45
Gibraltar conceded to Spain, 427
Gladstone, Shirley, and George Herbert, 103
Matilda, daughter of Henry I., 166
Pharaohs steam- vessels, 118
Snrnn, battle-cry of the Moguls, 127
Wyndham and Windham families, 348
D. (W. T. T.) on Laceby parish registers, 322
Dyce (Sir James) and a case of murder, 118
Dyer (Sir Edw.), il The Prayse of Nothing," 267, 363
Dying with the ebbing tide, 189, 258
Dyke (Jeremy), his works, 363
Dyke of Ostend, its etymology, 428
Dyson (Robert), his dying speech, 429
E.
E. on rubricated names in books, 84
Eade (Jonathan) of Stoke Newington, 254
Eagle, the bald, American emblem, 245
Eales family, 292
Earth a living creature, 125, 176, 236
Eastwood (J.) on cam-shedding, 237
Typographical queries, 217
Vernacular, 218
Easy (Benjamin) on " To cotton to," 75
Diamond dust a poison, 179
Ghetto, its derivation, 435
Gossamer, its derivation, 16
" To speak by the card," 503
Tyre and Retyre, 464
E. (B.) on Bath epigram, 247
Eboracum on Nevison the freebooter, 52
Upsall barons, 28
Yorkshire legends, 343
Ecclesfield Bible and bear, 236
Ecclesfield parish, its history, 20
E. (C. P.) on quotations, references, etc., 94
Edgar family, 83, 189, 258, 315
Edition, what number makes one, 285
Edward II. and the minstrel, 448
Edward IV., his will, 341
Edward the Black Prince, place of his death, 429, 496
Edwards (George), naturalist, 413
E. (E.) on execution of Joan of Arc, 46
E. (E. B.) on " The Pleader's Guide," 475
Egyptian inscriptions, 429, 514
E. (H. D.) on A-kimbo, how performed, 86
" No great shakes," 52
E. (H. T.) on Great Tom of Oxford, 438
Eirionnach on eccentricities of modem religionism, 66
Quotation references, 13, 512
Superstition, origin of the word, 234, 516
White Quakers, 57
E. (K. P. D.) on Giordano Bruno, 508
English ensign, 518
Folk-lore, revolting instance, 342
Garotte, or Garrotte, 519
James (G. P. K.), epitaph at Venice, 366
Old pictures and allusions, 135
Penny Hedge at Whitby, 119
Whitelock's Memorials, manuscript, 191
Eldon (Lord), challenged by Sir R, Mackreth, 128
"Elegant Extracts" commended, 199
Elizabeth of Hainault, her will, 341
Elizabeth (Queen), love of bribes, 384 ; papal excom-
munication, 460
Ellacombe (H. T.) on Great Tom of Oxford, 493
Osborne of Clyst St. George, 330
Pews, their date, 312
Rood screens, 310
Ellenborough (Lord) on picture of Dr. Paley, 416
Elliot (Sir Gilbert), verses on Holyrood House, 490
Ellis (A. S.) on Blake family, 14
Blanshard family, 14
Goodhind family, 256
INDEX.
531
Elpmeti on correct armory, 66
Potter and Lumley families, 67
Ely Cathedra], its large bell, 348
E. (M.) on Coster festival at Haarlem, 237
Meerman's " Boatman's Dialogues," 229
Emperor, British born, 158
English, manners and customs in the last century, 44
Enigma, an effigiacone in South Lufienham church, 271
Ensign the red, when adopted, 468, 518
Enthronisation of the Abp. of Canterbury, 488
" Ephemerides Rerum Naturalium," of the tenth cen-
tury, 146
Epigrams : —
Bath Abbey, 247
Christ dressed as a Jesnit, 296
Dodsley (Robert), on Burnet's History, 197
Keppel and Rodney (Admirals), 286, 318
" Lumine Aeon dextro," 451
Pope's on Dr. Robert Freind, 192
" When from the ark's close bounds," 448
Epitaphs : —
Marmaduke Coggan at Massingham, 446
Durandus, 79, 100
" Earth walks on earth," etc., 55
Fitz-Pen (Owen), alias Phippen, 409, 515
James (G. P. R.) at Venice, 366
Matilda, Empress, 347
Newton (Joseph), at Sheffield, 294
Pullen (Wm. Henry) at Cookham, 405
Wimbledon churchyard, 164
Erasmus and Dean Colet, 507 ; and Ulric Hutten, 98 ;
parallel passage in Dr. Young, 366
Eric on Sir John Swinton of Swinton, 47
Erleshall Chronicle, 189
Errors in both Churches, 46
Essex, historians of, 413
Este on female printers' devils, 229
Finger-burning chaplain of Coventry, 118
Helder (Edward), Sbakspeare's pall-bearer, 188
Photozincograph of Shakspeare's will, 284
Quotation from Gibbon, 116
Serpents in Iceland, 236
Solihull church, inscription, 238
Eucharius, or Silber, a printer at Rome, 508
Exeter cathedral, the curfew-bell, 431
Exhibition, International, lectures, 190
Exorcism and Martin Luther, 179
'• Experimentum crucis," alchemetical phrase, 353, 396
Eye, its adjustment to distance, 36, 58
F.
F. on the Delphic oracles, 331
Faustns, Bishop of Riez, 169
Hopton Haynes, Esq., 288
Puddle Dock gaol, 352
Quotations, 214, 330, 411
Samaritan Pentateuch and Chronicon, 370
" Theological Doubts," etc., 191
Faber v. Smith, 99
Fabyan (Robert), chronicler, his will, 341
Fasroe : Fairfield, their meaning, 23
apan (Nicholas), of Cork, his will, 435
Fairchild (Thomas), founder of a lecture, 229
Fairfax family of Deeping-Gate, 310, 339, 390
Fairfield, its meaning, 23
" Fanne of the Faithful," 102, 155
Fanshawe (Miss Catherine), " Speech of the Member for
Odiham," 178
Fanshawe (Rev. John), Vicar of Frodsham, 382
Fanshawe (Rev. Thos. Lewis), Vicar of Dagenham, 382
Farquhar (George), " Beaux Stratagem," 412
Farrant (Richard), words of his anthem, 125
Fartbell, its meaning, 274, 379
Fastolfe (Sir John), will, 403
Faustus, Bishop of Riez, 169, 238
Feasts, County, held in London, 286, 392, 438
Felkin (Wm.), his papers, 448, 514
Felkin (Wm.), on Felkin papers, 514
Felton (John), executed, 120
Female punishments, 452, 517
Fenelon and the Jansenists, 279
Fenton (Richard) of Glynamel, his works, 331
Ferencz, its meaning, 329, 360 •
Fern folk-lore, 342
Ferula, instrument of punishment, 38, 178
Ff. on Byron's early poems, 346
F. (G.) on Gascoigne family, 46
F. (H. C.) on painting of the Reformers, 87, 313
Field and De la Feld families, 33
Field (Osgood) on the Copernican system, 465
Field (Robert), the proto- Copernican of England, 465
Fielding (Henry), parentage, 146, 199, 299
Fire of London, Prayers for the great, 95
Fisher (Edward), "Marrow of Modern Divinity," 10,
54
Fisher's Folly in Devonshire Square, 340
Fiske (William), unpublished MS., 404
Fitch (Zechariah), a Divine, 1 63, 383, 455
Fitz- Andrew (John Browne), his will, 435
Fitz-Edward (George Galwey), his will, 435
Fitz-Henry on Sir Francis Drake's ship, 492
" Ignorance the mother of devotion," 139
Loggerheads, 508
Marauder=Meroder, 177
Offer's description of Orcheston St. George, 493
Record publications, 430
St. Leger of Trunkwell, 166, 417
Simson (Dr. Robert), 480, 499
Fitzhopkins on British-born emperor, 158
Comic writers : Gerard, Priestley, 189
Coster festival at Haarlem, 335
Cowper (Spencer), 279
Ducis, " Abufar " quoted, 378
Edward II. and the minstrel, 448
Exorcism: Luther, 179
Fixity of dress on the Greek stage, 246
Fontenelle; Fenelon, the Jansenists, 279
Inscription at Tivoli, 176
Old jokes, 185
Paulson: " Cut boldly," 49
Serpents in Norway, 167
Slips of the pen, 443
Taeping prisoners, their execution, 99
Filz-Nicholas (Edmond) of Cork, his will, 435
Fitz-Pen (Owen), alias Phippen, epitaph, 409, 515
Fitzroy (Admiral), anticipated, 208
Fitzwilliam (Wm. Viscount) of Merrion, 123
Flemish Dictionaries, 27
Fletcher (1.) ou Rose's poem, "The R«.l King," 251
532
INDEX.
Floral Directories, 48
Florence V. on " The old oaken bucket," 474
Florin, the graceless, and the potato disease, 126, 314
Flowers, emblematical, 329
Flute, its tone improved by use, 206
Fly-loaf scribblings, 406, 477
F. (M.) on customs in county of Wexford, 59
Hair of the dead, 397
Hunter's moon, 397
Names of the Three Wise Men, 397
Portland Island, 41 1
F. (0.) on Hatton and Stansfeld families, 490
" Lords of creation," etc., 436
Folk Lore :—
Aberdeenshire, 483
Ague charm, 343
Anatolian, 123
Birth rhyme, 342
Devonshire, 62,91
Dog's teeth: pointing at lightning, 342
Fern folk-lore, 342
Funeral customs, 59
Highland fortune-teller, 484
Highland legend, 485
Kentish folk-lore, 325
Lancashire folk-lore, 484
Midsummer-eve custom, 62
Peppercorn is dead, 123
Reading the bone, 4?4
Witchcraft in Kent, 325
Yorkshire legends, 343
Young herd and the king's daughter, 485
Food for the poor, prize for cheap, 429
Forbes (Bp. Patrick), " Eubulus," 443, 515, 517
Forbes (Dr. Edward), Macaronic poem, 257
Forfeited estates, Ireland, 48, 499
Forthink, a provincialism, 309, 377, 479
Foscolo (Ugo), Memoirs, 1 50
Foss (Edward) on calls to the bar, 497
Gould (Sir Henry), 146
Saunders (Chief Justice), 294
Sewell (Sir Thomas), 157
Wright (Sir Martin), Judge, 9
Foster (Mr.) of Derby, his longevity, 512
Fox (Charles James), contempt for Lord North, 87
F. (P.) on St Leger of Trunkwell, 197
F. (P. H.) on Snip-snap-snorum, 331
F. (P. I.) on arms of an heiress's son, 430
France, its mutations since 1789, 406, 495
France, Queens of, their portraits, 47
Francis I. at the Field of the Cloth of Gold, 221, 261,
281
Francisco (Henry), longevity, 220
Franklin (Benj.), anecdote of the Grindstone, 449
Frater (Herns) on Feast of Jesus, 154
Reynolds (Chief Baron), 219
Frazer (Dr. Wm.J on forfeited estates, Ireland, 499
" Histoire Monastique d'Irelande," 493
Nihell (James), nonjuror, 516
Free and Easy under the Rose, a clnb, 280
Freeman (John) on Wolsey's house at Cheshnnt, 399
Freeman (S. C.) on coin in a punch-ladle, 8
Hood-screens, etc., 309
Freeman (Dr. William), his family, 307
Freind (Dr. Robert), inscription on Tay-bridge, 192
French books, monthly fenilleton on, 38
Friendly societies, statistics, 329
Frisic literature, 388
Fromond (John), of Spersholt, his will, 34 1
F. (R. W.) on adjustment of eye to distance, 58
Fry (Francis) on Coverdale's Bible, 74, 113
F. (S.) on Francis Bacon, Baron Verulam, 124
Council of Forty, 128
Dover farthing, 6
Great scientific teacher, 138
School discipline, 127
F. (T.) on cats: insurance, 395
Edwards (George), the naturalist, 413
Fuller (Dr. Thomas), biography, 381
F. (W. W.) on numerous editions of books, 96
Quotation wanted, 95
Voltaire, new edition, 96
Fylfot Gammadion, 285, 336, 359
G.
G. on English ensign 468
Painting of the Reformers, 476
Peerage of 1720, 117
Rouge-Croix office, 471
Walker (Lieut.-Col. Robert), 506
G. (Edinburgh) on Blackadder family, 336
Romans wearing pockets, 75
Scott (Sir Walter), burial place, 405
Stuarts of Burgh, 317
T. on Thomas Ager, 228
Doll, first use of the word, 250
" Heavenly Meditations on Publican's Prayer,"
209
Otway (Samuel), MS. treatise, 386
Quotations, references, etc., 105, 306, 408
Private printing-press, 469
Rainsborough (Col. Thomas), 248
Tillotson (Abp.) Charge of Socinianism against,
250
G. (A.) on anonymous works, 65
Soul-food: Pot-baws, 259
G. (A. B.) on Shakspeare medal, 89
Gage (Sir John), will, 403
Gage (Penelope, Lady), her will, 404
Galileo and the tejescope, 210, 288, 372
Galloway (Alan de), his family, 7, 100, 139, 200
Galloway (Wm.) on the Scottish Aceldama, 510
Galloway (the Lords of), 466
Gallowses, braces, derivation, 230
Galway, the Mayor of, who condemned his son, 147,
167,296
Galway (Andrew), of Cork, his will, 435
Galway (Christopher), of Cork, his will, 435
Galway (Wm.), of Cork, his will, 435
Gain (David) on Baron of the Exchequer, 56
Bacon (Francis), Baron Verulam, 200
Canterbury and Armagh arms, 210
Wildfire in old law books, 431
Gammadion, its meaning, 285, 336, 359
Gantillon (P. J. F.) on Epithalamium on Her Majesty's
marriage, 8
Quotation wanted, 30
Gardiner (George), murderer, 342
Garotte, or Garrotte, ita orthography, 468, 519
Garrick (Eva Maria), wife of the actor, 264, 317
INDEX.
533
Gascoigne family, 46
Gascoigne (George), " Beelzebub's Letter " attributed to
him, 69
Gaspey (Thomas) on epitaph on Marquis of Anglesey s
leg, 339
Gaster, the first Master of Arts, 287
Gatty (Dr. E. A.) on song " John Peel," 295
" General Advertiser,'' its editor in 1780, 87
Generosity and delinquency, 87
" Geneva" barque, its wreck, 472
Gentlemen of blood, 305
Geological lecture founded by Dr. Swiney, 508
Geologists, a fact for, 65, 116
George I., statue in Leicester Square, 150, 170, 400,
416, 436, 495
George III., his birth-day, 37 ; lines on his restoration
to health, 147
George, (St.), his war cry, 229, 299
George (Win.) on painting of the Reformers, 258
Georges, a club in London, 505
Gerald (Edmond Oge) of Culogorie, his will, 435
Gerard (Dr. Alex.), a comic writer, 189, 278
Gerbier (Bait.) and the Infanta in miniature, 490
German ballad, 46
G. (G. M.) on Cheney of Broxbourne, 357
G. (H.) on Corby, Northamptonshire, 99
Hinchcliffe (Bishop John), 98
Gheast, or Geste, family arms, 56, 160
Gheast (Edmund), Bp. of Salisbury, arms, 129, 160
Ghetto, its derivation, 248, 294, 376, 435
G. (H. S.) on Alan de Galloway, 100
Coins in tankards, 38
Dudley of Westmoreland, 46, 166, 325, 396
Gheast family arms, 56, 160
Gousell (Elizabeth), 446
Knight of the Carpet, 388
Lea family of Salop, 449
Letters in heraldry, 360
Wife sale at Birmingham, 186
Wilmer family of Dudley. 28
Gibbons (Rev. Dr.), Ode on the death of George II.,
362
Gibraltar, its proposed cession to Spain, 427
Gilbert (James) on statute for the preservation of
birds' eggs, 7
Curfew bell, 498
Record publications, 517
Gilpin (John), Cowper's hero, 429
Ginevra, story of, 150, 176
G. (J. A.), on Jewish songs and music, 468
G. (J. H.), on Congleton Bible and bear, 236
G. (J. L.) on quotations and references, 355
Glamorganshire election papers, 308
Glass written on by the rays of the sun, 126
Glover family, 256
Gloves, etymology, 31
Glwysig on Mrs. Reynolds, 286
Gobelins' tapestry, 248
'Godolphin (Lord), his motto, 287
Godwin (Edward), Minister of Little St. Helen's, 94
Godwin (John), of Guestwick, 94
G. (0. E.) on Duke of Wellington's education, 371
G. (0. L.) on Esther Inglis: Samuel Kello, 330
Gold (Piers), of Cork, his will, 435
Gold thread work, 8
Golding (C.) on county feasts, 438
Goldsmith (Oliver) and Malagrida, 251
jongora, his Life and Poems, 420
Goodhind family, 125, 256
Goodman (Bp. Godfrey), his will, 342, 435
Goole (Adam), of Cork, his will, 435
Goolkyn, Gookin, or Gokin family, 324, 397, 472, 495
Gossamer, its etymology, 16, 76
Gould (Sir Henry), Judge of the Common Pleas, 146,
199, 299
Gould (Sir Henry), Judge of the King's Bench, 146,
199, 299
Gould (Rev. Wm.), DJX, Rector of Stapleford Abbotts,
146
Gouldsmith (Jonathan), M.D., 394
Gousell (Elizabeth), her marriages, 446, 514
Gower (Adm. Sir Erasmus), biography, 520
Gower (John), poet, date of his death, 275 ; did he
know Greek, 448
Gradely, its meaning, 291, 476
Tpannarevs on an Old Friend in a New Dress, 348
Grantham, singular custom at, 17
Gray (Rev. James), poetic pieces, 15
Gray (Thomas), parodies on his " Elegy," 17, 55, 199
Greaves (C. S.) on Bara=he created, 95
Centenarianism, 512
Execution of the Marquis of Argyle, 152
Man's stature from his skeleton, 411
Newton baronetcy, 217
Oaths of Welsh witnesses, 292
Greek cross, 463
Greek phrases, 211, 296
Green (M. A. E.) on Henry Mnddiman, 195
Green cloth board, its dinner-table, 371, 417
Green-cloth in theatres, 385
Green-coat in theatres, 385
Green-yard, origin of the name, 385
Greene (Robert), " A Looking Glasse for London and
England," 21 ; " The Scottishe Story of James
IV.," 22; "The History of Friar Bacon," #. ;
" The History of Qrlando Furioso," 422
Greenwood (John), Master of Brentwood School, 276
Greer (Mrs. Thomas), " Quakerism ; or, the Story of
my Life," 57
Gregorians, the Order of, 447
Greuze (J. B.), list of his pictures, 147, 169, 198
Grey (Lady Jane), poem on, 147
Grime on Alphabet keeper at the Post Office, 448
Arms on separate shields, 26
Churchwarden's answers, 104
Destruction of sepulchral monuments, 176
Dial mottoes, 186
" Ephemerides Rerum Natnralium," 146
Picture of the reformers, 137
Postage stamps for currency, 125
Rod in the middle ages, 312
Statistics of premature interments, 110
Swiney (Dr.), his bequests, 508
Turner (J. M. W.), birth-place, 89
Grindal (Archbishop), his will, 342
Grosart (A. B.) on intellectual capacity of twins, 455
Groyne, the Spanish port Corunna, 89
G. (T.) on professors' lectures, 46
Quotation from J. F. Ducis, 47
Guards' table at St. James's, 417, 436
Gue'ranger (Abbe'), " Histoire de Sainte Ce'cile," 509
Guesten Hall, Worcester, 227
534
INDEX.
Guide's History of Troy, 270
Gumley (Anna Maria), Countess of Bath, 402
G. (W.) on pictures at Broom Hall, 88
References wanted, 105
Warriston manuscripts, 107
H.
H.on Hinchliff family, 157
Milton's Paradise Lost, 1st edition, 1 93
Hackney, origin of the word, 239, 297, 335, 378, 419
478
Haggas (Thomas), Curate of Irby-in-the-Marsh, 386
Hair, its colour after death, 200, 397, 439
Halde (J. B. Da). " China," 210
Halifax (Charles Montague, Earl of), will, 404
Halkett (Sir Hugh) at battle of Waterloo, 144
Halkett (S.), on anonymous works, 117
Beelzebub's Letter, 117
Forbes (Bp. Patrick) " Eubulus," 515
" The Trimmer." its author, 299
Hall (C.) on Jacob of Archamgere, 27
Hall (Elizabeth), wife of Sir Hugh Middleton, 410
477, 519
Hall (Dr. John), Bishop of Bristol, 389, 415, 459, 497
Hallam (Henry), Pindar, and Byron, 321
Hallamshire on executioner of Charles I., 168
St. Peter's, Sheffield, tomb inscription, 190
Hallow Eve fires. 276, 318
Halsey (Edmund), noticed, 87, 133
Hamelen Pied Piper, 412
Hamens (Baldwin), noticed, 497
Hamilton (James), noticed, 48
Hammersmith Grammar School, motto, 287
Hammet (Sir Benjamin), noticed, 414
Hampole (Richard), MSS. of his works, 386
Hampshire Domesday, Latin text and English trans-
lation, 280
Hampshire parochial registers, 8
Hampstead, Elizabeth House, 446
Handasyde, or Handiside, 104
Hanging, resuscitation after, 313
Hannay (Patrick) on carpet knights, 389
Hardman (J. W.) on Antrim proverbs, 304
Hardwicke (Lady), death, 465
Harefield battle, 190
Hargrove (Jos.) on English coinage, 338
Harley (Hon. Thomas), Lord Mayor of London, 517
Harper (J. A.) on bibliographical queries, 45
Harper (Wm.), Manchester poet, 212
Harran, in Padan Aram, 457
Harrison (Gen.), the regicide, 374
Harrow School, its reminiscences, 87
Hart (W. H.) on Petrus Pictaviensis, 351
Harvest-home festivals, 384
Harvey (Win.), M.D., his will, 342
Harvie (Wm.). of Stowford, his will, 501
Haslam (Wm.) on " Farewell Manchester," 468
Hathway (Richard), of Shottree, his will, 435
Hatton and Stansfeld families, 490
Hausted (Peter), actors in " The Rival Friends," 9, 58
Haynes (Hopton), his biography, 288
Hayward (Sir John), historian, hi* will, 404
Hazlitt (W. C.) on the last charge at Waterloo, 144
Drayton's " Endimion and Phoebe," 435
Helder (Edward), Shakspeare's pall-bearer, 188
Hazlitt(W.C.) on Lowndcs's Bibliographer's Manual, notes
on the new edition, 3, 102, 142,202.266,301,362
" Letter of a Baker of Boulogne," 457
Stipend arise Lachrymae, etc., 469
H. (C.) on Godfrey Copley, 458
H. (D. D.) on heraldic query, 147
Healey (John), author of " Cebes," 203, 334, 479
Heath (John), Judge of Common Pleas, 11,58
Hebrew queries, 211, 259
Hedges (John), his will, 435
Heincken (N. S.) on Dr. John Hall, Bp. of Bristol, 3S9
Heiress's son, quartering of his arms, 430, 515
Helder (Edward), pall-bearer at Shakspeare's burial,
188, 256
Heminge (John), his will. 404
H. (E. N.) on epigram. The Jesuits, 296
Japanese marriage custom, 27
Hcndriks (Fred.) on " Apres moi le de'luge," 228
Henning family and William of Wykeham, 468, 513
Henning (T. P.) on De L'Isle or De Insula family, 170
Hennings and William of Wykeham, 468
Henry IV., his death, 29, 95
Henry V., his "Famous Victories," ed. 1594, 22
Henry VI., his accession, 122
Henry VIlI.'s impress at the Field of the Cloth of
Gold, 221, 241, 261, 281 ; his will, 387
Heraldic, or heraldric, 78
Heraldry, letters in coats of arms, 166, 219, 277, 333,
359, 360
Heraldry, Scottish, 506
Herbert (George), new version of his Ode to Virtue, 19
Herbert (Mr.), President of Nevis, 166
Herbert (Sir Wm.), his letter, 352
Herborisation in the environs of London, 145, 179
Heriot (George), founder of the Hospital, will, 435
Hermentrude on Edward the Black Prince, death, 496
Gradely, its meaning, 291
Grey (Lady Jane), poem upon, 147
Lancashire folk-lore and proverbs, 484
Orleans (Duke of), temp. Louis XII., 126
Portraits of the Queens of France, 47
Soul-food, a provincialism, 76
Tennyson's " Princess" quoted, 455
Window inscription, 164
Terodotns, English translations, 46, 331
Jesiod, Opera et Dies, printed by Silber, 508
lewett (Dr. John), biography, 232, 313, 398
lewett (J. F. N.) on Dr. John Hewett, 398
1. (F. C.) on ague charm, 407
Archiepiscopal mitres, 160
Astrological discussions, 157
Baptisteries, 317
Bazier, 305
Blessing of church bells, 240
Cam-shedding, 237
Chrismatory, 339
Goggles, its derivation, 188
Cucumber, its pronunciation, 357
De Coster, the Waterloo guide, 7, 108, 135
Dogs' teeth, 399
Faustus, Bishop of Riez, 239
Hair of the dead, 439
Holy fire, 318, 439
France, its mutations since 1789, 495
Names of the Three Wise Men, 315
Name of Jesus, 139
INDEX.
535
H. (F. C.) on Passing bell, 246
Petition formula, 148
Pheasants in England, 218
Praed's enigma, 439
Prince of Wales's majority, 376
Quotation references, 13, 356, 512
King-dials, pocket, 238
Rood lofts in England, 233
Sackbut, musical instrument, 337
St. Cecilia, the patroness of music, 433, 509
St. Dunstan's canonization, 77
Samaritan Pentateuch, 458
Smith (Horace) " Address to a Mummy," 10
Telemachus: Mentor's vessel, 164
Treble, its derivation, 56
Turnspit dog, 159
Wellington (Duke of), and Lady Holland, 1 73
Wycliffe and indulgences, 336
H. ( F. D.) on epitaph on Durandus, 79
Medal of Charles I., 371
Hickes (Dr. George), his will, 404
Hickington (Wm.), poet, his will, 435
Highland legend : The Young Herd and the King's
Daughter, 485
" Highlander," a satire, 468
Hill (Edward), M.D., annotations on the " Paradise
Lost," 410
Hinchcliffe families, 46, 119, 157
Hinchcliffe (Bishop John), noticed, 46, 97
Kingston (Rev. James), manuscripts, 211, 280
Hippolito (Dio), inscription on, 250
H. (J. A.) on deputy clerks and chaplains in ordinary,
229
H. (J. F.) on Thomas Law Hodges, 379
Hobbes (Thomas), of Malmesbury, his will, 404
Hoby, (Sir Posthumus), of Hackness, 324
Hodges (Thomas Law), his works, 211, 379
Hogge (Ralf), cast the first iron gun, 56
Holden, (Dr. Henry), biography, 275
Holdsworth (Wm.), author of "Shorthand," 468
Holinshed (Raphael), his will, 342
Holland, English refugees in, 111, 159
Holland (Rob.), " Historye of Jesus Christ," in metre, 22
Hollandish word-book, 27
Holmes (J. E ) on Blake family, 58
Holmes (Adm. Sir Robert), his mother, 104
Holmes (Sara), her family, 35, 79, 294
Holy fire, 276, 318, 395,' 439
Holy Ghost, churches dedicated to the, 45
Holyrood House, verses on, by Sir Gilbert Elliot, 490
Homeric theory, 329
Hooker (Richard), "Ecclesiastical Polity," 15
Hopper (Cl.) on Dr. John Hewett's biography, 313
Verelst (John), artist, 335
Hore (Herbert) on Col. Daniel O'Neill, 87
Hornchurch, clergy entered in its registers, 45
Home (Andrew), two of the name, 307
Home (Thomas Hartwell), biography, 20
Horner family, co. Somerset, 501
Horrocks (Rev. Thomas) ejected minister, 383
Horses and stabulary expenses, 1723, 186
Horton (W. I. S.) on Canterbury gallop, 352
" Hoigh de la Roy," 493
Johnson (Dr.), marriage of his parents, 384
Houghton family of Jamaica, 449
" House that Jack built," a new version, 487
Houses, half-timbered, 368
Houston (Ludovic), of Edinburgh, 386
Howard (Frank) on Pegler the artist, 115
Turner and Lawrence, 82
Howard (H. P.) on quotations, 491
H. (S. H.) on Paddington: Bread and Cheese lands, 68
Hubbard, or Hubbert, a painter, 225
Hue and Cry portraits, their antiquity, 285
Hume, inscription at Reigate, 248
Hunt (Holman), "Light of the World," 107
Hunter's moon, 15, 160, 397
Kurd (Bishop), MS. letters, 126
Husk (W. H.) on County feasts, 392
Old pocket dial, 320
Trinity College, Dublin, Centenary Ode, 431
Hutchinson (P.) on the curfew bell, 431
Devonshire folk-lore, 62
George I.'s statue in Leicester Square, 170
Imperfect Bible of 1611, 489
Mid-November, 469
Monson (Sir Wm.) " Naval Tracts," 433
Button (Rev. John), " Tour to the Caves," 459
H. (W. H.) on rood lofts in England, 126
H. (W. I. S.) on the baptism of church bells, 192
Congleton Bible and bear, 299
Fitzroy (Admiral), anticipated, 209
National anthems, 236
Rood screen inscription, 234
Taeping prisoners, 194
Wild cattle, 174
William I., his companions, 286
Hyndford (Lady), her flowing beard, 25
I. (C. P.) on Punch and Judy, 387
" If not," as an idiom, 384, 458, 518
Ignez de Castro, his works, 368, 516
Ilford, Little, entries of clergy in the register, 283
Ina on Dr. John Askew, 514
Somersetshire wills, 501
Index, General Literary, 181
Indian mathematics, 414
Ingall (Wm.) on Overbury family, 212
Stratford family, 190
Inglis (Esther), date of her death, 46, 97, 330
Inglis (R.) on anonymous works, 368, 372, 467, 505
Cobbin (Ingram), poetical works, 372
Oratorios, 430
Sacred Dramas, 448
Seatonian Prize Poems, 506
Taylor (Robert), (; The Devil's chaplain," 372
Webbe (Rev. J.), musical composer, 411
Injunctions in Burnet's Records, 307
Innocent XL, his medal, 212
Insanity and the Irish revivals, 211
Intelligence attributed to inanimate things, 164
Interments, statistics of premature, 28, 1 10, 1 56,194,29 1
Intran., appearance of the panel, 191
I. (R.) on anonymous works, 247, 272, 307
Condey (Geo ), author of •' Camillas," 329
Davy (Sir Humphry), his pantomime, 166
Du Halde's " China," 210
Gospel Shop, 273
Lydia, or Conversion, 329
Manchester poets, 2.12
536
INDEX.
I. (R.) on Rev. F. Newnham, 229
Schiller, his English translators, 148
Zevecotins (Jacob), biography, 150
Ireland, its affairs temp. Charles II., 66; provincial
synods of the Roman clergy, 366
Irish funeral cry, 59, 152, 195
Irvine (A.) on the Marrow controversy, 10
Marsh (Abp.), public library, Dublin, 28
Provincial Synods in Ireland, 366j
Record Commission publications. 101, 355
St. Macartin, hymn in his praise, 49
Irving (Washington), " Life and Letters," 280
" Isle of Pines," a fictitious work, 47 1
Ithuriel on Sir Francis Bacon's fall, 63
Baptismal names, 209
Collets, young cabbages, 220
Suggy, a provincialism, 313
Worcester (Marquis of), " Century of Inventions/'
144
J.
J. on Blondin's weight, 228
Heraldic query, 8
Shakspeare and Sir Thomas Browne, 502
Jacob and James, 15
Jacob of Archamgere, 27
Jacobite Psalter, 282
James (G. P. R.), epitaph, 366
James I. [VI.], letter to Queen Elizabeth, 309, 395;
was he poisoned? 120
James II., his will, 404
Japanese in Europe, 229, 297; marriage custom, 27
Jaydee on Groyne, »'. e., Corunna, 89
Local names, 476
Russell (Lady Eliz.), monument, 126
Jaytee on Romance of real life, 62
J. (C.) on Burton Coggles, 439
Waynfiete arms, 451
J. (D.) on Record Commission publications, 1 60
Jebb (Bp. John), notes in Macky's " Memoirs." 430
Jebb ( J.) on arms of Canterbury, Armagh, etc. 438
Organs at St. Peter's, at Rome, 478
• Swift's notes in Macky's " Memoirs," 430
Jenner (Edward), M.D., Statue in Trafalgar Square, 44
Jerusalem Chamber, origin of name, 29, 95
J. (E. S.) on rhyme to chimney, 190
Jesus day iu the calendar, 84, 115, 139, 154
Jew of Malta, a ballad, 421
Jewel House, Tower of London, ita keepers, 386
Jewelry for jewellery, 25, 78
Jewish songs and music, 468
J. (G.) on Walkinshaw family, 117, 457
J. (H. j on analogy between colours and music, 36
Eye, its adjustment to distance, 36
Louis XIV., alias Old Bona Fide, 8
J. (J. B.) on Bishop Juson's family, 291
J. (J. C.) on the Greek cross, 463
Mermaids with two tails, 458
Scriptures, early manuscripts of, 373
Typographical queries, 278
Joachim (Abbas), his works, 181
Joan of Arc, was she executed? 46, 98, 155
John of Gaunte, " The Famous Historye of," 22
Johnson (Robert) and Shakspeare's songs, 171
Johnson (Dr. Samuel), marriage of his parents, 384
corporal correction at Oxford, 56, 109, 158; epitaph
on Goldsmith, 306; on panning, 30, 72, 174, 197;
tragedy of " Irene," 320; his will, 404
Johnson (Samuel), " Hurlothrumbo," 20
Johnston (Secretary), and Lady Mar, 273
Johnstone (Rev. Edward), sermon on the death of George
IL, 362
Jokes, old, 185, 239
Jones (Inigo), architect, his will, 404
Jones (John) on Nevisou the freebooter, 16
Jones (William), of Nay land, 191
Jordan Hill, derivation of the name, 490
Jorden (Margaret), of Frome, her will, 501
Jovius (I'aulus), his character as an historian, 223, 241,
261—264, 281, 282
" Juniper Lecture," described, 477
Jurisprudence, Dr. Swiney's bequest for best works on,
508
Juxon (Abp. Wm.), parentage and family, 147, 231, 290
Juxta Turrim, on Dr. Edward Lay field. 145
Hearne on Walker's " Sufferings of the Clergy," 209
Registers of All Hallows, Barking, 423, 441
J. (W.) on Lord Clyde's regulations, 429
J. (W. B.) on Castlevetro: Scarron, 210
J. (W. S.) on adjustment of eye to distance, 58
K.
K. on Calligraphy, 210
Preston Guild, 411
Sacred plants and flowers, 48
St. Patrick's curee, 89
Kaynard, its derivation, 507
Keble (Rev. John), editions of the " Christian Year," 96
Keightley (Thomas) on etymology of Baron, 54
Catamaran, 220
Fielding (Henry), his will, 199
Gossamer, its derivation, 76
La Camorra, 409
Metric prose, 463
Money, its relative value, 54
Rabbit, its etymology, 18
Whittington and his Cat, 196
Kello (Samuel), Rector of Spexhall, in Suffolk, 46,97,331
Kelly (Wm.) on history of Sark, 14
Kennaway (Sir Mark), Knt., particulars wanted, 349
Kennedy and Carrick families, 466
Kent arms, 28
Kentish annual feast, 393; folk-lore, 325
Kentish proverb, " A knight of Cales," etc., 144
Kepler (Johannes) on the earth a living creature, 176
Keppel (Admiral), epigram on, 286, 318
Kerridge (J. B.) on Owen Fitz-Peu, 515
Kettlewell (Rev. John), his will, 404
K. (F) on Dr. Freind's inscription, 192
Raleigh (Dr. Walter), Dean of Wells, 214
Kilvert (F.) on Bishop Hurd's letters, 126
King, supposed origin of the title, 504
King (T. W.), on archiepiscopal mitres, 438
Kings, English, entombed in France, 135
King's Evil, service at the Healing, 18
Kingsale (Lord), his prescriptive right, 1 7
Kingston (Richard), character and works, 470
Kingstown, co. Dublin, 105
Kingne-faire, King and Queen of, 126, 299, 356
Kinsman (John) on the Marrow controversy, 54
INDEX.
537
K. (M.) on Daffy's Elixir, 398
Knaton, Yorkshire, its locality, 231
Knight (Mr.), his bequests, 449
Knight of the Carpet, 388, 476
" Knock! Oh, good Sir Robert, knock!" 288, 452
Knowles (James), on anagrams, 396
Baptism of Church bells, 496
Board of Trade, 157
Books carried to church in a napkin, 173
Ferencz, its meaning, 329
Glover family, 256
" Journey overland to Barnes," 396
Local names, 307, 399
Pavier, or Pavor, family, 28
Eabit, or Rabyte, 506
Starch lessons, 280
" Sunm Cuique," 504
Knox (John), supposed unpublished letters, 270
Knox (Wm.) poem, " Mortality," 503
Knutsford Presbyterian chapel lost registers, 211
L. on blue and buff, 96
Cocytus, 327
Corruptions into sense, 303
Dares and Dictys, 270
Epitaph on Empress Matilda, 347
Experimentum crucis, 396
Faber v. Smith. 99
Ghetto, its derivation, 294
Hackney and Dennet, 297
Mess, its etymology, 53
Napoleon's escape from Elba, 129, 196, 215
Pratt (John), his death, 318
Quotation from the Telephus of Euripides, 97
St. George for England, 299
Suggy, a provincialism, 313, 337
L. (A.) on the Blarney Stone, 308
Catamaran, 175
Pearls, breeding, 228
Potato, its first locality, 138
Laceby parish registers, 322, 378
Lae-Chow Islands, 14
Lamb (J. J.) on earth a living creature, 236
Gothic crown of Queen Victoria, 60
Lambert (James), his prophetic powers, 42
Lamech's sin, 211, 298
Lampray (T.) on Isaac Hawkins Brown, 65
Lancastriensis on church used by Churchmen arid
Romanists, 96
Service at the Healing, 18
Langford (Henry), noticed, 48, 499
Languages, number known in 17th century, 28, 78
Large (Robert), mercer of London, will, 404
Latimer, origin of the name, 44, 98, 172
Land (Archbishop), his will, 342
Lawn and crape, 359, 418
Lawrence (Sampson), son of Sir John, 105
Lawrence (Sir Thomas), never a crayon painter, 83
Lawyers, their longevity, 37
Layfield (Edward), Vicar of All Hallows, Barking, 14;
L. (C. A.) on derivation of " Sublime," 477
L. (E.) on George Smith, 433
Lea family of Salop, 449
Lear : " The Chronicle Historye of Leire, King of
England," ed. 1594, 22
Leaves from Portuguese Olive," author, 166
Lee (F. G.) on Bishop Baines's MSS., 428
Aberdeenshire folk-lore, 483
Heraldic queries, 409
Liturgical query, 230
" Memorial of the Church of England," 250
Yorkshire sufferers in 1745, 450
Lee (John), Curate of Irby-in-the-Marsh, 386
Lee (John), of Chertsey, his will, 435
Lee (Sarah), her longevity, 513
Legal blunders, 145, 198
Legerdemain, works on. 226, 314
Legh (Gerard), curious characters in his "Accidence
of Armorie," 9, 71 ; his will, 403
Le Grand's Psalms of David, 430
Leicester (Robert Dudley, Earl of), valuation of his
personal property, 137; pictures at Kenilworth, 201,
295; at Leicester House, 224; at Wanstead, 225; his
will, 342
Leicester Square, 150, 170, 400, 416, 436, 495
Leicester Town library, 5, 50, 94
Leighton (Abp. Robert), his will, 404
Leinster (Duke of), his motto, 460
Leo (Dr. F. A.) on passage in Hamlet, 502
Leominster, History of the Town and Borough, 400
Leon, arms of the kingdom of, 53
Leslie (Charles), " The Charge of Sociniauism against
Dr. Tillotson," 250
" Lessons from the Roman Breviary," a MS., 211
Lethrediensis on " Letter to Thomas Warton," 451
Lewis (Right Hon. Sir G. C.) on Centenarianism, 512
Michael Scot's writings on Astronomy, 52
Lewis (Susannah), her longevity, 399
L. (F.) on Lisle, or Insula family, 118
L. (G.) on derivation of Adieu, 326
Jewelry for jewellery, 25
L. (G. C.) on Centenarianism, 368
Liggers, to catch fish, 507
Lilly (Wm.) prophecy of the White King, 351
Linacre (Thomas), M.D., his will, 341
Lindsay (J. C.) on translations of Herodotus, 46, 331
Longevity, 220
Lindum on Bp. Edmund Gheast's arms, 129
Linen and lavender, 87
Lisle (Edward Gray, Lord), his will, 341
Lithgow on Gary's Itinerary, 414
Litre, a funeral girdle, 231
Liverpool, its ancient orthography, 56
L. ( J.) on death from a wounded finger, 1 73
Epitaph from Wm. Billyng, 55
L. (J. H.) on church used by Churchmen and Roman-
ists, 56
Llallawg on Abp. Abbot's Geography, 231
Bartlett (J. R.) and Welsh Indians, 467
Hammett (Sir Benjamin), 414
Sandersted (Sir Leonard de), 469
Saunders (Dr. Erasmus), 508
Saunders (Sir Edmund), parentage, 231
L. (L. M.) on the Lord Mayor's sceptre, 432
Lloyd (George) on Paley's Sermon before Pitt, 307
Warden of Gal way, 296
Whalley's walk to Jerusalem, 149
White Quakers, 58
Local names, 307, 358, 399, 476
538
INDEX.
Locke (Joseph), civil engineer, his life, 420
Lockman (John), poetaster, 249
Lodge (A.) on the organs at Wrexham, 314
Lodge (Thomas), " A Looking Glasse for London and
England," 21; "The Woundes of Civil War," 421
Loggerhead, its derivation, 508
Lombard (David), of Cork, his will, 435
Londinensium, Civitas Colonia, its locality, 450
London, the Lord Mayor's mace and sword, 432
London churches ante 1G66, eight views of, 8
Longevity, remarkable cases, 164,220, 284, 319, 399
447, 5*12, 513
Lord, as applied to colonial bishops, 511
Longhborougb (Lord), noticed in " The Rosciad," 452
Louis XIV. alia* " Old Bon£ Fide," 8 ; his Letters, 38
Louis XV., his penmanship, 79
Lovelace of Quiddenham Hall. 430
Lowe (Sir Hudson) and Bonaparte, 407
Lowe (John), jun., Manchester poet, 212
Lowe (T. P.) on Cromwell Garden token, 193
Lower (Mark Antony) on legendary sculpture, 368
Sir Roger de Coverley, 495
Lowndes (Wm. Thomas), notes on the new edition of
his " Bibliographer's Manual," 3, 102, 142, 202,
266, 301, 362
" Loyal Man's Psalter," 282
"Lucrece," ed. 1594,22
Luffenham, South, enigmatical effigy, 271
Lumley and Potter families, 67, 116
Lunatics, literature of, 35, 76, 115, 139, 197
Lushington (James Stephen), date of his death, 87, 160
Luther (Martin) and exorcism, 179
L. (W. H.) on Legerdemain, works on, 226
Photography foreshadowed, 127
L. (W. P.) on Christmas custom at Ackworth, 505
Lxm (R.) on Pharaoh's steam vessels, 480
" Treatise of the Public Services," 470
Lydgate (John), " History, Siege, and Destruction of
Troy," 270
Lydia on epigram " Lumine Aeon dextro," 451
Lynch (Walter), Mayor of Galway, 147, 167
Lyne (Dr. Richard), verses on St. Luke, 115; noticed,
74
Lysons (Samuel) on Whittington and his Cat, 121, 293
Lyttelton (Lord) on Cache-cache, 176
Greuze (J. B.), the painter, 169
" History of John Bull," 35
Jewelry, its derivation, 78
Knight of the Carpet, 476
Lyttelton (Thomas Lord), his dream, 107
Tennyson's Poems, 79
Lyttelton (Thomas Lord), his death, 107
M.
M. on astrology exploded, 133
Hackney, 335
Parodies on Gray's Elegy, 199
Pope's Ode, 136
Slips and omissions, 239
M. (1) on Handa.syde or Handyside, 104
Macaronic literature, 460; poem, 211, 257
MacCartie (John Teige), of Cork, hut will, 435
Macclesfield, local remains, 166
.Macduff (Sholto) on Body and Sleeves, 427
Campbell (Thomas), poet, 475
Macduff (Sholto) on Eva Maria Garrick, 317
Macaronic poem, 257
Nande" (Gabriel), the Jesuit, 273, 332
Scots' privileges in France, 453
Scottish Aceldama, 316
Stewarts of Burray, 316
Mace, the Lord Mayor's, of London, 432
Mackelcan family, 35
Mackenzie (James), M.D., "Essays and Meditations,"
372
Mackio (N.) on Polyartist, 491
Macklin (Charles), birth and age, 143
Mackreth (Sir Robert), biography, 127, 199
Macky (John), Swift's notes in his " Memoirs," 430
MacMahon, Irish chieftain, 126
Macray (J.) on King Alfred's jewel, 493
Dauriat (Mme. Louise), her lectures, 19
De Costa (John), the Waterloo guide, 1 56
Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, 458
Schopenhauer, a German philosopher, 59
Scottish newspapers, 92
Macray (W. D.) on Curll's Voitnre Letters, 295
Pratt (John), longevity, 196
Wrexham organ, 359
M'Ure, alia* Campbell (John), "A View of the City of
Glasgow," 5
M. (A. L.) on Bye-l&w, 19
La timer, its meaning, 44
Malabar, Roman coins found there, 506
Maltby (Bishop), not preacher at Gray's Inn, 279
Man, a two-headed, 470
Manning (Rev. Owen), errata in his " Surrey," 144
Mansel (Prof.), allusions in " Aids to Faith," 126
Marabou feathers explained, 29
Marat (John Paul) in England, 317
Marauder, ite derivation, 105, 139, 177
Margaret (Queen), her black rood, 47
Marguerite d'AngoulSme's account-book, 39
Markland (Jeremiah), quoted, 165
Markland (J. H.) on lines on Wm. Pitt, 55
Pope's epitaph on the Digbys, 6
Marlay (Geo.), Bishop of Dromore, 505
Marli explained, 192
Marlowe (Chris.), tragedy " The Rich Jew of Malta,"
421
Marrow controversy, 10, 54, 138, 295
Marseillaise hymn, 452
Marsh (Abp.), additions to his public library, 28, 80
Marshall (E.) on a strange story, 118
Marshall (Thos.), churchwarden for 67 years, 365
Martial's Epigrams, a farrago of drolleries, 66
Martyr's penny, 410, 498
Marvell (Rev. Andrew), verses on his death, 227
Mary I. (Queen) and Calais, 8; her will, 342
Mason (Robert), " Sir J. Knight, Reason's Academy,"
267
Masson (G.) on Gabriel Naude, 332
Mathematical bibliography, 443
Mather (Joseph), his songs, 304
Mathew (Richard) of Cork, his will, 435
Matilda, daughter of Henry I., and her cousin Stephen,
166
Matilda, Empress, her epitaph, 347
Matthews (Henry) on coins with profile, 518
M Utliews (Win.) on cats and nemdphila, 299
Penny Hedge at Whitby, 298
INDEX.
539
Matthews (Wm.), on Strange story, 299
Maude (Thomas), Duke of 13ol ton's agent, 198
Maude (W.) on premature interments, 291
M. (A. W.) on correct armory, 116
Bath in Norfolk Street, 429
Fact for geologists, 116
Letters in heraldry, 219
Rood screen, its locality, 229
Trees, five sorts conjoined, 227
Mayhew (A. L.) on etymology of Mister, 191
Maynwaring (Everard), medical practitioner, 506
Mayor (J. E. B.) on John Alasco, 383
Arundel (Thomas Howard, Earl of), 403
Allix (Dr. Peter), 425
Asgill (John), 446
Hall (John,) Bishop of Bristol, 415
Mayor of London, mace and sword, 432
Mayors, aristocratic, 410, 478, 517
M. (C.) on ballad of Sir James the Rose, 29
Colberteen: Marli, 192
M. (Cy. W. R.) on Terry Alts in Ireland, 207
M. (E.) on Clifton Bible and bear, 236
" Knock! Oh, good Sir Robert, knock," 288
Quotations and references, 356
Medals struck on the peace of Utrecht, 520
Mede (Philip) of Bristol, descendants, 66
Mede (Sir Thomas) of Bristol, descendants, 66
Mediaeval seals, their signification, 49 1
Medicine, its original meaning, 369, 394
Mee (Wm.), author of " Alice Grey," death, 43
Meeke (Francis), inquired after, 229
Meerman (Gherard), " Boatman's Dialogues," 229, 457
Meletes on Egyptian inscriptions, 429
Foreign citizenship of the Scots, 396
Holden (Dr. Henry), 275
Kingtie-faire, 299
Rod in schools, 312
Samaritan Pentateuch, 370
Melford, the Holy Trinity Church, rood loft, 177
Mentor's vessel, 164
Mericourt (Theroigne de), her misadventures, 2, 76
Mermaiden with two tails, 384, 458
Merry (Thomas), murders Robert Beech, 462
Mesmerism in ancient times, 91
Mess, its etymology, 53, 99
Mestling and mestling-pot, 100
Metcalf (Fred.) on Reindeer, 473
Metric prose, 463, 518
Metrical date, 1434, 44
Mewburn (F.) on American partridge, 65
Emancipated slaves, 385
Gallowses=braces, derivation, 230
Pilgrims exempted from tolls, 106
Roast beef of old England, 347
Shallow (Justice), his representative, 229
Stuart (Lord and Lady Henry), 69
M. (G. W.) on seal of the Queen's Bench, 469
M. (H.) on " Arthur 0' Brad ley," a song, 413
M. (H. C.) on French Testament, 1667, 471
Micklebam, West Humble chapel, 274
Middleton (A. B.) on Biddeuham maids, 76
Millenarian balloons, 330
Milton (John), Oldys's notes on his Life, 38 1 ; " Para-
dise Lost," first edition, 193; annotated by Dr. Edw.
Hill, 410; his nuncupative will, 342
Minucius Felix, passage in Octavius, xxi. 14, 445
Mister, its derivation, 190
Mitres, archiepiscopal, 137, 160, 238, 335, 358, 438
Mitton church used by Romanists, 176, 297, 357
M. (J.), Edinburgh, on Beelzebub's Letter, 6
Leicester town library, 5
M'Ure, alias Campbell (John), 5
M. (J. H.) on Digby epitaph, 136
M. (M.) on Prince Charles Edward Stuart, 227
Mock-sun observed, 505
" Modern Wife," a comedy, 412
Money, its relative value at different periods, 16, 54
Money, foreign, A.D. 1570, 449
Moneyers' weights, 56
Monos on Alexander Arsic, 165
First Lord Mayor of York, 168
Monson (Lord) on Sara Holmes, 79, 294
Praed's charade, 218
Monson (Lord), his death, 520
Monson (Sir Wm.), " Naval Tracts," 433
Monumental effigies, 273
Monuments, sepulchral, their mutilation, 176, 215, 257
Moody (Henry) on church notes by a monk of Roche
Abbey, 65
Mee (William), his death, 43
Praed's enigma, 397
Toads in rocks, 97
Moore (Geo.) on derivation of Tir, 477
Written tree of Thibet, 477
Morcelli (Stefano Antonio), 492
Morgan papers, 246; family, 315
Morgan (Prof. A. de) on Alchemy, 352
Algebra, 319
Butterfield of Paris, 398 - <,
Cut-throat Lane, Chalk Farm, 209
Dogs' teeth: pointing at lightning, 342
Essays on Assurance, 251
Fiddles, flutes, and fancies, 206 '
Galileo and the telescope, 288
Home (Andrew), two of the name, 307
If not, an idiom, 384, 518
Literature of lunatics, 197
Nullification, origin of the word, 85
Naude" (Gabriel), 332
Pindar, Hallam, and Byron, 321
Walker (Mr.), editor of European Review, 197
Morians' land explained, 432
Mortars and cannons, origin, 56
Moscow, the burning of, 338
Motherby (John), biography, 77
Motto: " Francha leale toge," 287
Motto of Royal arms : " Dieu est mon droit," 88
" Mourning of the chine," a disease, 502
M. (R. J.) on modern astrology, 91
Custom in county of Wext'ord, 76
M. (S. H.) on " The Country Party," 298
Muddiman (Henry), newswriter, 147, 195
Murder, singular confession of one, 67, 118, 299
" Musse Etonenses," its authorship, 455
M. (W. M.) on Mrs. Cockle, 337
Corte-Real's "Naufragio," 169
Feast of Jesus, 155
Half-timbered houses, 368
Inez de Castro's works, 368
International Exhibition lectures, 190
" Leaves from Portuguese Olive," autho , 166
"Speech of Member for Odium," 178
540
INDEX.
Myddelton (Anna), letter of, 410
Myddelton (Sir Hugh), captain in the navy, 410, 477,
519
N.
N. (A. H.) on the Three Wise Men, 315
Nantes, revocation of Edict of, the scattered families,
308, 339, 397, 458
Napier (Rt. Hon. Joseph) and Edmund Bnrke's pecu-
niary affairs, 61, 81
Nando" (Gabriel), the Jesuit, 273, 332
Naval uniform, 105, 154, 314, 379
Nayland ( — ), author of " Miscellanies and Dramatic
Satire," 272
N. (C.) on local names, 358
Neapolitan Club, 280
Nef, a piece of plate, 129, 198
Negroes articles of commerce, 345
Nelson family of Yorktown, Virginia, 64
Nelson (Horatio Lord), lines attributed to him, 1 87
Nelson (Robert), his will, 404
Nelson (Walter), his death, 120
Nephritic stone, 28, 176
Nevison (John), the freebooter, 16, 52, 78, 99
Newman (John) on " The old oaken bucket," 474
Newnham (Rev. F.) inquired after, 229
Newnton (Wm.), abbot of Pershore, inscription on his
tomb, 44
" Newry Magazine," its editor, 307, 358, 419
Newspapers, age of, 38, 92
Newton baronetcy, 217
Newton (Joseph), epitaph at Sheffield, 294
Newton (Thomas), rector of Little Ilford, 283
N. (H.) on Dr. Johnson's epitaph on Goldsmith, 306
Nichols (John Gough) on early works on Short-hand, 9
Nicknames, political, 349, 479
Nihell (Dr. James), nonjuror, 516
N. (J.) on Osgood family, 239
Theroigne de Mericonrt, 76
N. (J. G.) on Caroline Bowles, 295
Coverley (Sir Roger de), 286, 495
Georges, a London club, 505
Laceby parish registers, 378
Letters of Charles, Earl of Peterborough, 346
Longevity stories, 284
Name of Jesus, a festival, 115
Romford churchwardens commended, 284
Wills at thj Court of Probate, 341; of eminent
persons, 403
Noel, a painter, 105, 476
Noldwritt (J. S.) on De Coster, the Waterloo guide, 51,
235
Norfolk, rood lofts, 234
Norris (C.) on Cluverins, by Elzevir, 359
North (Lady Lucy), her romantic history, 63, 135, 337
North (Lord) and Charles James Fox, 87
North (T.) on Foot of Thomas of Lancaster, 247
Holy fire, 276, 395
Paschal candle, 275
Rood coat, 491
St. Dunstan's canonization, etc.. 27
Northumberland (Jane, Duchess of), her will, 342
Norton (C. E.) on Paleario's " 11 Beneficio," 865
Norton (Richard) of Southwick, his will, 435
Norton (Thomas), barrister and poet, 89
:' Nothing," satirical lines on, 239
Notsa on Cut-Throat Lane, 319
Wolsey's house at Cheshnnt, 309
November, climate in the middle of, 469
Nowell (Alex.), Dean of St. Paul's, his will, 342
N. (T. C.) on Elizabeth House, Hampstead, 446
St. Thomas's Hospital, 127
N. (T. W.) on Slangham, Sussex, 276
Nullification, early use of the word, 85
N. (U. 0.), on English coinage, 307
Praed's charade, " Sir Hilary," 259
0.
0. on Osgood family, 67
Oatlands and its neighbourhood, 20
Oaths taken by Welsh witnesses, 292, 335
O'Bradley (Arthur), ballad, 413
O'Connor (Arthur), '* Memoirs," 349
Odium, speech of the member for, 1 78
"(Enone and Paris," 1594, 421
Offer (Rev. John), Description of Orcheston St. George
and Elston, 493
Offor (George) on Tyndale's Bible, 1537, 35
Oils, animal and vegetable, 323
0. (J.) on Thomas Campbell's first printed piece, 409
" Catalonia," a poem, 7
" Epigrams of Martial," 66
Healey (John), 479
Macaronic poem, 257
Mackelcan family, 35
Meerman's " Boatman's Dialogues," 457
" Ranre Canone," by John Oswald, 14
" Twinkling of a bed-staff," 477
0. (J. P.) on W. M. Praed's works, 519
Oldys (William), baptism, 376; notes on John Milton,
381
Omega on numerous editions of books, 96
Omicron on Wilcox family, 308
O'Neill (Col. Daniel), his family, 87
O'Neill (Sir Phelim), his manuscripts, 274
0. (P. R.) on chess legend, 86
Grant on Francis Annesley, etc., 48
Organ at Wrexham, Devon, 248, 314, 359, 417, 478
Orleans (Duke of), temp. Louis XII., 126
Ormerod (G. W.) on Drewsteignton cromlech, 70, 395
0. (S.) on Poynder's " History of the Jesuits," 413
Osborae family of Clyst St. George, 330
Oseney bells, and change-ringing, 369
Osgood family, 67, 239
Ostend Dyke, its etymology, 428
Oswald (John), " Ranse Canorae," 14
Otway (Samuel), 1669, his MS. treatise, 386, 458
Overall (W. H.) on a quotation, 330
" Tour in Quest of Genealogy," 331
Overbury family, 212
Owen (Sir David), his will, 341
Oxenham family, circumstance at their deaths, 25
Oxford, Great Tom Bell, 369, 438, 493
Oxfordshire feast, 286, 392
Oxoniensis on Marquis of Anglesey's leg, 249
Beverley monument, 160
Charade: " Sir Geoffrey lay," 188
Congleton Bible and bear, 299
Epigram on Adm. Keppel and Rodney, 286
George III., lines addressed to him, 14?
Edward the Black Prince, 429
INDEX.
541
Oxoniensis on Lines on N;ipoleon I., 469
Maude (Thomas), 198
Praed (W. M.), burial and works, 446
Quotations, 491
Slipper (Samuel), 274
Smart's song to David, 192
Stuart (Athenian), 274
Tweddell (John), 274
P.
P. ou archiepiscopal mitre, ,335
38. on Bartlett family, 497
Wilcox family, 337
P. (A.) on parlour printing-press, 519
Packwood (Geo.), marriage of his widow, 449
Paddington, its bread and cheese lands, 68
Page (Sir Francis), " the hanging judge," 383
Pagfet family arms, 513
Paleario (Aonio), " Of the Benefit of the Death of
Christ," edit, 1573, 365
Paley (William), sermon before Pitt, 307, 337,397;
portrait, 388, 416
Pali inscriptions at Allahabad and Delhi, 505
Panel, its etymology, 191
Papa and Mamma, origin of the names, 59
Paper water-marks, historical notices, 169
Papworth (J. W.) on death of Charles VIII., 329
Paracleptics, 18
Paris press in 1862, 489
Parker (Archbishop), his will, 342
Parkin (John) on Col. Thomas Rainsborough, 315
Perch, its various lengths, 437
Parr (John Hamilton), literary productions, 100
Parr(Dn Samuel), Vernacular Sermon, 148, 178, 218,
278
Parry (Capt. Henry), his family, 491
Partridge, the American, 65
Partridge shooting, 164
Paschal candle, 275
Passing bell, its original purpose, 246
Paton (John) on Greek phrases, 211
Patrick (St.), authenticity of his sermon, 286 ; his
curse, 39
Patrick (Bp. Simon), unpublished manuscript, 64
Paul's (St.) School, lists 'of admission, 506
Paulson: " Cut boldly," 49
Paver (Wm.), " Abstracts of Yorkshire Wills," 387
Pavier, or Pavor, family, 28
P. (C.) on Edward Tuckey's parentage, 186
P. (C. G.) on allusion in Tennyson, 138
P. (C. J.) on the burning of Moscow, 339
Marat in England, 317
Quotation from Howell's Letters, 476
Kesuscitation after hanging, 313
Steep Holm in the Bristol Channel, 327
True Blue colour, 319
Trelawny ballad, 496
P. (D.) on turnspit dogs, 255
P. (E.) on chapel dedicated to the Holy Ghost, 438
Price, comptroller, temp. James I., 190
Privilege of Sanctuary, 433
Peacock (Edward) on sepulchral inscription, 446
Taylor the Platonist, 431
Wills in print, 434
Peacock (Mr.), works, 56
Peacock (Lucy), on female punishments, 517
Peakirk Church, supposed reliquary, 387
Pearls, breeding, 228
Pearson (John) on Welsh chap-books, 431
Peat (Rev. Sir Robert), noticed, 77
" Pedlar's Prophesie," ed. 1594, 22
Peele (George), " The Books of David and Bethsaba,
22
Peerage of 1720, 67, 117
Pegler (Mr.), artist, 115
Pen, slips of the, 443
Penn (Wm.), baptism, 424
Penny Hedge at Whitby, 88, 119, 298, 318
Penny Post in 1698, 68
Pepys (Thomas) of Hatcham Barnes, Surrey, 386
Perceval (Robert), M.D., 330, 389
Perch, its various lengths, 213, 296, 376, 437
Petaud: " The Court of King Petaud," 231
Peterborough bells, 370
Peterborough (Charles Mordaunt, Earl of), letters, 346
Petition formula, ellipsis in, 113, 148, 178
Petrified human remains, 19
Petrus Pictaviensis, i.e. Peter Berchorius, his " Chro-
nicon," 351
Petty (Sir Wm.), " Qnantnlumcttnque concerning
Money," 352
Pews in churches, 240, 312
P. (G.) on Mr. Herbert, President of Nevis, 166J
P. (G. P.) on Prideaux, a transport ship, 370
P. (G. W. S.) on etymology of Butter and Butterfly, 29
P. (H.) on Henry VIII.'s impress at the Field of the
Cloth of Gold, 221, 241, 261, 281
Phaer (Thomas), translator of Virgil, will, 403, 504
Pharaoh's steam vessels, 78, 118, 238, 480
Pheasant, a native of Britain, 164, 218
*. on Mr. John Lockman, 249
Philebor on " Dover to Munich," quoted. 157
Phileticus (Martin), poet and translator, 508
Philipps (Sir John), president of the Society of Sea-
Serjeants, 1
Philips (John), " Cerealia," 12
Phillips (Augustine), his will, 404
Phillips (J. P.) on Dr. Johnson and punning, 174
Phaer (Thomas), M.D., 504
Rokeby (Lady Dorothy), 446
Shorter (Charlotte), Lady Conway, 427
Society of Sea-Serjeants, 1
Turnspit dogs, 255 .
Phillips (Jos.), jun., on Fairfax of Deeping Gate, 339
Aristocratic mayors, 478
Phillott (F.) on the Board of Trade, 16
Churches dedicated to the Holy Ghost, 45
Jerusalem chamber, 29
Reindeer, raindeer, 406
Treble, its derivation, 56
Philosophers, positive, at Wandsworth, 66
Philpot (John), the martyr, 8
Phoenix Fire Office founded, 75
Photography, its precursor, 126
Pictures, allusions in old, 87, 135
Piesse (G. W. S.)on analogy between colours and music,36
Disunion of American states anticipated, 64
Foscolo (Ugo), Memoirs, 1 50
Legerdemain, works on, 314
Young's type-composing machine, 19
Piesse (Septimus) on mock sun, 505
542
INDEX.
Figot (George Lord), marriage, 410
Pilgrims exempt from tolls, 106
Pindar, Hallam, and Byron, 321
Pine (George), and his fabulous island, 471
Pinkerton (Win.), on cats, dogs, and negroes, as articles
of sale, 345
Earth a living creature, 125
Legendary sculpture, 395
Philips's " Cerealia," 12
Piper of Hamelen, 412
Pisa, bells at, 387, 496
Pitt (William), lines on, 55
P. (J.) on Mathew Barlow's will, 429
Bible, 1682, its italic references, 29
Comte (Auguste), the scientific teacher. 1 74, 238
Double consciousness, 77
Immunity from diseases, 418
Passage in Bacon's Essays, 116
Proverbs shortened, 1 5
Quotation, attributed to Coleridge, 1 90
Romans, did they wear pockets? 9
St Martin (Alexis), the Canadian, 28
Salt, its disuse among savages, 387
Statistics of premature interments, 28
Plants and flowers, sacred, works on, 48
Platform=ground plan, origin of the term, 426, 475
Platt (Baron), recovery from apparent death, 25
Plurality of benefices, 100
P. (M. A.), on author of "Marmion Travestied," 104
Pn. (J. A.), on archiepiscopal mitres, 137
Bishops in waiting, 138, 510
Keble's Christian Year, its numerous editions, 96
Louis XV.'s autograph, 79
Officers of the Archbishop of Canterbury, 504
Precedence of deans, 138
Pocock (Nicholas) on Injunctions, 1538, 307
Poets, their un poetical offices, 327
Pole Fair at Corby, co. Northampton, 49, 99, 397
Political party colours. See Blue and Buff'.
Polyartist its derivation, 49 1
Pomfret, Pountfreyt, its locality, 137, 257
Pope of Rome, his tiara, 138, 160
Pope (Thomas), his will, 404
Popiana: — Epigram on Dr. Robert Friend, 192
Epitaph ontheDigbys, 6, 55, 90; on Laetitia, 186
" Impertinent," 45, 111
Pope's Ode, 90, 136
Portens (Bp.) charged with toadyism, 361, 414
Portland Beach, shipwreck on, 365
Portland Island, its inhabitants, 411, 480
Portraits, Hue and Cry, their antiquity, 285
Postage stamps for currency in America, 125
Potatoes introduced into England, 83, 138, 157
Pot-baws, a provincialism, 139, 259
Potter and Lumley families, 67, 116
Potter (Thomas), scandal noticed by Malone, 149
Poynder (John), his useful life, 413
P. (P.) on colour of hair after death, 200
Mitton church used by Romanists, 297, 357
Toads in rocks, 175
Tontine, 339
P. (R.) on London churches ante 1666, 8
Praed (W. M.), charade, '• Sir Geoffrey lay," 18(3, 218;
"Sir Hilary," 259, 390; charade attributed to him,
349, 397, 439 ; translation of Shirley's dirge, 103 ; his
works and burial, 446, 519
Pratt (John), his longevity, 196; death, 318
Prediction of Vincentius, 489
Preston Guild and Riding the Fringes, 411
Preston Guild, its History, 180
Preston prisoners decorate the gaol chapel, 285
Prestoniensis on Political colours, 175
" Tour to the Caves," by J. H., 388
Worshipful or Right Worshipful, 492
Price family in Brecknockshire, 299
Price (Mr.), comptroller, temp. James I., 190
Price (Rowland) on Wm. Strode, M.P., 23
Pricket (Robert), his literary works, 469
" Prideaux," a French transport ship, 370
Priestley (Dr. Joseph), a comic writer, 189, 278
Primaudare (Peter de la), " French Academie," 422
Printers' devils, female, 229, 315
Printing press for private use, 469, 519
Probates and Administrations, lists of, 430, 517
Procter (F.) on prayer for the great Fire of London, 95
Rood screens in Norfolk, 234
Professors' lectures characterised, 46
Prophecy found in St. Benet's monastery, 404, 455
Protestant foreign refugees, 60
Proverbs and Phrases:—
After meat, mustard, 109
Antrim proverbs, 304
Apres moi le de'luge, 228, 279
Body and sleeves, 427
Boniface, as applied to publicans, 492
Canterbury gallop, 352
Cotton: To cotton to, 10, 75, 174, 237
Durance vile, 56
Eating the mad cow, 169
Fools build houses : wise men live in them, 229
Helping Jack, who is doing nothing, 186
Hoigh de la Roy, 493
Ignorance the mother of devotion, 105, 139, 260
Kentish : " A Knight of Gales," etc., 144
Lancashire proverbs, 484
Not to allow the grass to grow wider his feet, 488
Pay the piper, 413
Petaud: " The court of King Petaud," 231
Possession nine points of the law, 60
Scandinavian, 88, 417
Shakes : " No great shakes," 52
Speech is silver, silence is gold, 452
That accounts for it, 406
To speak by the card, 503
Twinkling of a bed-staff, 18, 359, 477
Proverbs shortened, 15
Pryce (George) on blankets, 398
P. (S. 0.) on George Pack wood's widow, 4-19
P. (S. T.) on John de Costa, Waterloo guide, 156, 297
P. (T.) on Corby pole fair, 397
Lists of admissions to St. Paul's school, 506
Puddle Dock gaol, 352
Pnllen (Wm. Henry), epitaph, 405
" Punch and Judy " chap-books, 387, 476
Punch ladles, coins in, 8, 375
Punster and pickpocket, 30, 72, 174, 197
Puzzle, a Cheap-Jack, 45
P. (W.) on Baker's Chronicle, 475
Chestnut timber, 237
Daffy's Elixir, 348
Dockwra, of the penny post, 348
INDEX.
543
P. (W.) on Green cloth board, 371
Linen being lavender-proof, 87
Poets and their nnpoetical offices, 327
Two-headed man, 470
Ward's celebrated pill, 371
Wimbledon churchyard, inscriptions, 164
Q.
Q. (A. Z.) on Aerolites, 15
Hooker's Ecclesiastical polity, 15
Q. (Q.) on Anatolian folk-lore, 180
" Captive Knight," a ballad, 188
Erleshall Chronicle, 189
Napoleon's escape from Elba, 180
Panel: In tran., their meaning, 191
Poem, " Away with the kiss," 210
Qnaesitor on Dr. Parr's vernacular sermon, 148
Potter (Thomas), scandal respecting, 149
Quakers, white, 57
Quandorum: Qnadrim, provincialisms, 449
Queen's Gardens on Churchwarden's answers, temp,
Elizabeth, 193
Johnson (Dr. Sam.) at Oxford, 109
Pope's epitaph on the Digbys. 90
Shakspeare's pall-bearer, 256
Wigs, temp. Charles I., 168
Quotations : —
And in Berghem's pool reflected, 67, 157
Away with the kiss and away with the tear, 210
Be the day weary or never so long, 49 1
Calvaries are everywhere, 248
Clergy, orthodox liars for God, 1 90
Dull melancholy! whose drossy thoughts, 47, 97
Earth could not hold us both, 491
For sudden joys, like grief, confound at first,166
For wounds like these Christ is the only cure, 67
Friends whom she lov'd so long, and sees no more,
127
Grocers dwell where Mowbrays dwelt before, 491
I hear a voice you cannot hear, 287
In solemn psalms, and silver litanies, 491
Lords of creation, men we call, 410, 437
No priest stood by to soothe the hour of death, 248
0 bold and true, in bonnet blue, 491
O'er wayward childhood wouldst thou hold firm
rule, 107
Still would she linger in his father's house, 491
Than when they went for Palestine, 9
The light that led astray, etc., 452
The King of France with 40,000 men, 476
The rabble cheered, etc., 9
We are not worst at once, 49 1
When all the blandishments from life are gone, 491
Quotations, references, etc., 105, 306, 408, 512
R.
R (A.) on Fylfot Gammadion, 285
Rabbis, their position and duties, 308
Rabbit, its etymology, 18, 116
Rabit, or Raby te, an Arabian steed, 506
Rabson (Richard) on Macaronic poem, 211
Radicalism in 1862, 167
Rainsborough (Col. Thomas), 248, 315
Raleigh (Dr. Walter), his cruel murder, 214
" Ranae Canora?," by John Oswald, 14
Randall (Robert & Thomas), executed, 21
Ranford (Mrs.), Dr. Donne's mother, 344
Raphael, his " Fornarina," 202, 226
Rats leaving a sinking ship, 37
Rawlinson (Dr. Richard), his will, 404
Rayson (Geo.) on romance of real life, 135
R. (C.) on etymology of Superstition, 1 7
Whig, or wig, a sort of cake, 17
R. (C. J.) on Goisfrid Alselin, 409
Ballowe of Norwich, 328
Beelzebub's Letter, 69
Biss (James), M.D., 65
Blake family, 58
Blakiston (Rowland), 7
Carving on Sprotborough pulpit, 189
Copley (Godfrey), burial entry, 188
Delphic oracles, 360
Ferula, instrument of punishment, 38
Gookin family, 397, 495
Hall (John), Bishop of Bristol, 459
Hemmings and William of Wykeham, 513
Juxon (Abp.), his family, 232
Myddelton (Sir Hugh), 477
Philpot, the martyr, 8
Phrase, " That accounts for it," 406
Sprotborough church pews, 312
Turkey-cocks in arms, 38
Vernon (Admiral), his medal, 70
Walker's Sufferings of the Clergy, 64
R. (E.) on Pied Piper of Hamelen, 412
" Rebellion Rewarded," by F. N., 66
Record Commission publications, 101, 355, 517
Redmond (S.) on Marquis of Anglesey's leg, 320
Dublin and London Magazine, 297
Irish funeral cry, 195
Oaths, 335
Sun-dials, 259
Warden of Gal way, 296
R. (E. F.) on Johnson's " Hurlothrumbo," 20
Reformers, old painting of, 87, 137, 175, 258, 313, 476
Refugee Registers at Somerset House, 446
Refugees from Low Countries, 449
Registrar's duty temp, the Commonwealth, 331
Reindeer, Raindeer, origin of the word, 406, 456, 473
Religionism, eccentricities of modern, 66
Resurrection men, 88
Rex on medal of Innocent XII., 212
Reynolds (Dr. Edward), Bp. of Norwich, 15
Reynolds (Chief Baron James), 219
Reynolds, or Rainolds (Dr. John), 15
Reynolds (J. J.), on heraldic tiles at Shaftesbury, 449
Reynolds (Mrs.) inquired after, 286
Riding the Fringes (Franchises), 411
Rimbault (Dr. E. F.) on the Bowles family, 254
Antique bath, 518
Caledonian Mercury, 38
Christmas carol, 488
Christmas hospitality, 481
Colours and musical sounds, 178
George I.'s statue in Leicester Square, 150
Juxon (Abp.), descendant, 233
Kentish proverb, 144
Leicester town library, 94
Longevity of Mons. Gallot, 284
Marsh (Abp. Narcissus), library, 80
544
INDEX.
Rimbaolt (Dr. £. F.) on Potatoes introduced into Eng-
land, 157
Sackbut, musical instrument, 414
Shield's glee, " The IxwdsUrs," 295
Wrexham organs, 417
Rivers (Anthony, Earl), his will, 341
Rix (Joseph), M.D., on Bishop Barlow's burial, 517
Cole of Scarborough, works, 54
Leicester town library, 51
Lyne (Dr.), notices of, 74, 115
Rowe family, 517
Rix (S. W.) on poems by Wm. Fiske, 404
Goodwin family, 94
R. (J.) on Bishops in waiting, 175
Baronets' eldest sons and their knighthood, 219
Ghetto, its derivation, 294
Paget family arms, 513
Poem and Masque on the Institution of the Garter,
150
R. (J. B.) on Basingstoke Hoiy Ghost Chapci, 169
Drewsteignton cromlech, 27
Nephritic stone, 17C
R (J. 0. N.) on verses attributed to Pres. Lincoln, 503
R (M.) on Hampole's Works, 386
R. (M. S.) on clock punishment, 185
R. (N.) on Holdsworth and Aldridge's Shorthand, 468
" Robin Hood and Little John," a pleasant comedy, 22
Robertson (Thomas), grammarian, 251
Robinson (C. J.) on Samuel Rowe, 459
Robinson (James), author of " Poems," 117
Robinson (L. G.) on the locality of Camelot, 9
Errors in both Churches, 46
Roche Abbey, church notes by a monk of, 65
Rochet, a clerical attire, 94, 39S
Rod in the middle ages, 212, 311, 452
Rodney (Admiral), epigram on, 286, 318
Koffe (Alfred) on Shakspeare music, 43, 171
Roffe (Edwin) on witticisms reproduced, 19
Roffe (Rob. Cabbell), "Remains," 120
Rogers (Rebecca), her tombstone, 215, 257
Rohan (Mdlle. de), her marriage, 39
Rokeby (Lady Dorothy) noticed, 446
Rokeby (Sir Thomas), his will, 404
Roman and Saxon antiquities, 491
Romans, did they wear pockets, 9, 75
Romford register, entries relating to clergymen, 162,
383 ; the churchwardens commended, 284
Romney (Henry Sidney, Earl of), will, 404
Rood coat, 491
Rood lofts in England, 126, 177, 233, 309
Rood screen, does it belong 10 the church or chancel? 229
Rope-walking by animals, 466
Rose (Arthur), Archbishop of St. Andrews, 334, 395
Rose (Wm. Stewart), poem, " The lied King," 251
Rosetti (Maria F.) on Napoleon queries, 406
Rosetti (W. M.) on ancient chessmen, 376
Calligraphy, 319
Dante's inedited poems, 329
Napoleon's escape from Elba, 319
Weeping among the ancients, 1 75
Rostopchin and the burning of Moscow, 338
Rouge-Croix, its early officers, 471
Roundhead, origin of the term, 450
Rowe (Samuel), John Bradshaw's legatee, 411,459, 517
Rowlands (J. B.) on Abergavenny, Bergavenny, 467
Drewsteignton cromlech, 119
Rowlands (J. B.) on Farthell, its meaning, 378
Perch, its various lengths, 297, 437
Rood lofts in England, 177
Yard hind, its various measures, 465
Royal prerogative of mercy, 447
Royal Standard, rule for its use, 430
Royalty, remaining covered before, 17
R. (P.) on Coleridge's lines on education, 107
R. (R.) on George Darley, 492
R. (R. J.) on Horace Walpole's " Catalogue of Engra.
vers," 350; his letter to Sir Wm. Herbert, 352
Rubricated names in books, 84
Ruggieri, violin maker, 491
Russell (Elizabeth Lady), ghost story, 324; monument
in Westminster Abbey, 126, 173
Rye (Walter) on Archibald Dalziel, 329
Duer (John) of Antigua, 437
Rye (Walter) on Hinchliffe family, 119
S. on Cashmere, English history of, 505
Sir Gilbert Elliot's verses on Holyrood House, 490
" Ina," by Mrs. BarbarinaWilmot, 180
King, origin of the title, 504
Wedderly: Netherhouse, 258
Worthy, as a local termination. 276
Sackbut, what instrument, 286, 337. 414, 496
Sacred, in a bad sense, 414, 457, 517
Sage (Edw. J.) on Barking parish registers, 343
Dagenham parish registers, 382
Hornchnrch parish registers, 245
Little Uford parish registers. 283
Romford parish registers, 162
Sagittarius, on Harrison the regicide, 374
St. Botolph, a pious Saxon, 274
St. Cecilia, patroness of music, 370, 433, 509
St. George, his war cry, 229, 299
St. George's Bar, South wark, 41
St. Gest (Auguste de) on Baker of Boulogne, 368
St. Leger family at Trunkwell, 166, 197, 259, 315,
417, 450
St. Liz on Sir Henry Colet's will, 435
St. Luke, Old Street, origin of the parish, 260
St. Macartin, Bishop of Clogher, hymn in his praise, 49
St. Martin (Alexis), the Canadian, 28
St. Palladius, or Paldy, shrine at Fordoun, 248
St. Patrick, authencity of his Sermon, 286; his curse,
89
St. Paul's school, lists of admission, 506; play acted in
1770, 67
St. Pega noticed, 387
St. Swithin on animal and vegetable oils, 323
Blondin's weight; 312
Burton Coggles, 279
Custom at Grantham, 1 7
Dying with the ebbing-iide, 25S
Fairchild lecture, 229
Graceless florin, 314
Inscription, 250
Old jokes, 239
Pole Fair at Corby, co. Northampton, 49
Porteus (Bp.) and George II., 414
SL Thomas's Hospital, Southwark, 127
St. WUlebrod, traditions of, 388
Sais, inscription on the temple, 429, 514
INDEX.
545
Sala (Geo. Augustus) on board of Green Cloth, 417
George I.'s statue in Leicester Square, 1 70
Hackney, 419
Platform = ground plan, origin of the term, 426
Salisbury (Wm. Longespe'e, Earl of), his will, 341
Salt, not used by savages, 387
Samaritan Pentateuch and Chronicon, 370, 419, 458
Sanctuary privilege, historical notices, 433
Sandersted (Sir Leonard), inquired after, 469
Sandys (Abp. Edwin), his will, 342
Sanford (J. Langton) on William Strode, 1 12
Sark, the Island of, noticed, 14
Sarnm, Old, described, 8, 358
Saunders (Sir Edmund), parentage, 231, 294
Savage (Richard), poet, an impostor, 442
S. (C.) on Praed's charade, 219
Scandinavian race, its territorial limits, 350, 436
Scandinavian proverbs, 88, 417
Scarron (Paul) on the ^Eneid, 210
Schayl (John), his will, 434
Schiller (Frederick), English translators, 148
School floggers, 127
Schopenhauer, a German philosopher, 59
Scot (Michael), writings on Astronomy, 52
Scots, their foreign citizenship, 273, 396, 453
Scott (Sir Walter), burial-place, 405
Scottish Aceldama, 274, 316, 510
Scottish heraldry, 506
Script, or cursive letter, 217
Scudder (Henry), Presbyterian divine, 106
Sculpture, legendary, 368, 394
S. (D.) on Churchill's allusion to Lord Loughborough,
452
Strange (Sir John), parentage, 75
Seal, mediaeval, 349
Seal of the Queen's Bench, temp. Elizabeth, 46
Seals, mediaeval, their signification, 491
Sea-Serjeants, Society of, 1
Seasons, popular ideas of the, 308
Seatonian prize poems, 506
Sedgwick (Daniel) on Eev. Ingram Cobbin, 436
Fan-ant's anthem, 125
Le Grand's Psalms of David, 420
Resurrection hymn, 67
S. (E. L.) on " After meat, mustard," 109
Jewel House, at the Tower, 386
Johnson (Dr.) at Oxford, 159
Lawn and crape, 359
Petty (Sir Wm.), " Qnantulumcunque," 352
Selby (William de), first Mayor of York, 1 68
Senex on Captain Calcraft, 104
Sensation History : Theroigne de Mericourt, 2
Septuagenarian Club proposed, 145
Sepulchral monuments, their mutilation, 176, 215, 257
Serpents not found in Norway, 167. 236
Servia and Servians, 400
Se'vigne' (Madame de), opening of her coffin, 470
Sewell (George), " Sir Walter Raleigh," 412
Sewell (Sir Thomas), parentage, 157, 177
S. (G. A.) on Green- Yard, Green Coat, Green Cloth,
385
Shaftesbury, heraldic tiles at, 449
Shaksperiana :—
Shakspeare's will, 435; photo-zincograplied, 284;
Shakspeare unnoticed by Lord Bacon, 502
Shaksperiana :—*
Cupid's Cabinet unlock't, 266
Hamlet, Act I. Sc. 4 : " The dram of eak" 269
502
Christian IV. a tippler, 502
Helder (Ed.), Shakspeare's pall-bearer, 188, 256
Henry the Sixth, the Second Part, 21
Macbeth, Act V. Sc. 5 : " I 'gin to be a-weary of
the sun," 502
Medal struck, temp. George II., 89
Midsummer Night's Dream, Act II. Sc. 1: "Doat-
ing herb juice," 502
Music to his Songs, 42, 171, 295
Romeo and Juliet, Act III. Sc. 2 : " That »wi-
awayes eyes may wink, 92
Taming of the Shrew, Act III. Sc. 1 : "To mose
in the chine," 502
Troilus and Cressida, origin of the story, 270;
Act I. Sc. 3 : " Retyres to chiding Fortune," 464
Venus and Adonis, entry in Stationers' registers,
461
Shallow (Justice), his representative, 229
Shaw (George) on " Yankee Doodle borrows cash," 57
Shaw (Samuel) on American cents, 316
Literature of lunatics, 115
Whitehead family, 115
Sheffield, St. Peter's, inscription on gravestone, 190, 294
Shelsley' Walsh church, its rood loft, 234
Shield (W.), glee, " The Loadstars," 43, 295
Ships, armour-clad, temp. Elizabeth, 161
Ships, temp. Henry V., their names, 67, 134, 310
Shipwreck on Portland Beach, 365
Shirley (Dame Dorothy), her will, 342
Shirley (E. P.) on Irish topography, 258
Shoreditch register, age of Thomas Cam, 447
Shorter (Charlotte), Lady Conway, 427
Short-hand, early works on, 9
Shrewsbury (Gilbert, Earl of), his will, 435
Sibbes (Dr. Richard), his will, 515
Sicilian Order, 9, 378
Sidney (Sir Philip), Life of, 20; portrait by Paul
Veronese, 472 ; his will, 342
Siebmacher's " Wappenbuch," 2 14
Sigma-Tau on coins in punch-ladles, 375
Mariner's compass queries, 377
Mermaiden with two tails, 384
Noel, a painter, 476
Prayer for the Church Militant, 409
Sicilian order, 378
Sigma-Theta on Christian Blackadder, 210
Blackadder family, 285
Clifton (William), 370
Dalrymple family, 307
Houston (Ludovic), 386
Knaton, Yorkshire, 231
Rose (Arthur): William Smyth, 334
Stewart family of Brugh, 274
Urquhart pedigree, 212
Walker of Berwickshire, 370
Silber, called Eucharius, printer at Rome, 508
Silver and golden wedding-day, 389
Simon (Thomas), his petition crown, 60
Simson (Robert), mathematician, parentage, 480, 49 &
Sinnot and Dillon families, 28
Sir, Dominus, as a prefix, 9, 58
Sirr (Dr. J. D'Arcy) on Ussher's Body of Divinity, 128
546
INDEX.
S. (J.) on the Blanshard family, 75
S. (J. B.) on Garotte, or Garrotte, 468
S. (J. C.) on hunter's moon, 15
S. (J. E.) on church used by churchmen and Romanists,
176
S. (J. H.) on pewing in the 17th century, 240
S. (J. M.) on " Be wise and be warned," 468
Skedaddle, a provincialism, 326, 377
Skipton arms, 49 1
Slaugham, Sussex, 276
Slaves, their status in the Scriptures, 114, 237, 296;
status of emancipated, 385, 456
Sleep, forgetfulness after, 32, 77
Sleep and death, 465
Slipper family arms, 350
Slipper (Rev. Samuel), family, 274
Sly (William), his will, 404
Smart (Christopher), " Song to David," 139, 192, 197,
313, 357
Sm. De. on cruelty to animals, 113
Napoleon's escape from Elba, 155
Smith (George), horse stealer, 433
Smith (Horace), " Address to a Mummy," 10
Smith (Matthew), the spy, 470
Smith (Dr. Samuel), ancestry, 388
Smith (Sydney) and Wimpole Street, 428
Smith (Sir Thomas), his will, 342
Smith (Thomas Assheton), " Reminiscences," 300
Smith (W. J. B.) on death by the sword, 125
Peacock's Works, 56
Turnspit dogs, 255
S. (M. S.) on Bishop Juxon's family, 147, 290
Smyth (Wm.), his marriage, 334, 395
Smyth (Wm.), Bishop of Lincoln, his will 341
Snaith (Geo.), auditor to Abp. Laud, 497
Snip-snap-snorum, a game, 331, 379
Solihnll church, inscription in the nave, 238
Solomon (Dr.), " Guide to Health;" 36
Solsbergius on Counsel and Causes, 27
Queen Mary and Calais, 8
Somerset House, refugee registers at, 446
Somersetshire wills, 501
Songs and Ballads : —
Arthur O'Bradley, 413
Christmas Carols, 485, 488
Christmas's Lamentation for the Loss of his Ac-
quaintance, 482
Farewell Manchester, 468
French song, temp. Edward IV., 423
Here awa, there awa, 230
I'm off to Charlestown, 376
Jew of Malta, 421
John Peel : " Do ye ken John Peel," 212, 29 5
Lords of creation, men we call, 410, 436
Lusty Lawrence, 423
Old oaken bucket, 430, 474
Sir James the Rose, 29
Sonnet ts, a Hundred, 1593, 13
Soul-food, its derivation, 76, 116, 139
South (Robert), his will, 342
South-Sea stock, list of holders, 138
Southampton, county of, its limits, 27
South wark, or St. George's Bar, 41
Southwold church, its rood-screen, 309
Sow and pigs of metal, 84, 1 19
Spa, Belgium, inscription in a window, 164
Spal on curious antique, 210
American tokens, 238
Bradshaw in Jamaica, 458
Chessmen, ancient, 437
Durnford family, 57
Edgar of Poland, 83; family, 189, 3ir>
Fairfax family in Jamaica, 456
Houghton family of Jamaica, 449
Lawrence (Sampson), 105
Sepulchral monuments, 216
Sydserff, origin of the name, 67
Written tree of Thibet, 374
<: Spectator" and "Rambler," rival periodicals between
their publication, 499
Speed, D. (J.) on Nephritic stone, 28
Speke, a local affix, origin of the word, 67
" Spirit of the Public Journals," 520
Sprotborough church, Yorkshire, pulpit carving, 189,
240, 312
S. (R. A.) on Slipper family arms, 350
S. (S.) on the Homeric theory, 329
2. 5. on Charles Bowles, Esq., 145, 272
Manning's Surrey, 144
Shipwreck on Portland Beach, 365
Tetbury, its original orthography, 137
S. (S. D.) on Body and sleeves, 499
Letter of James VI. to Elizabeth, 395
Naval uniform, 379
Stamfordiensis on Callis, an almshouse, 213
Effigiac enigma, 271
Recess in Peakirk church, 387
Stone seats in church towers, 384
Stansfeld and Hatton families, 490
Stanton Harcourt, discovery of a body, 470
Starching, lessons on, 280
Starling (Sir Samuel), Knt., Lord Mayor, 441
Stationers' Company, extracts from their registers, 21,
421, 461
Steep Holm in the Bristol Channel, 327
Stature of a man from his skeleton, 411
Sternhold and Hopkins's Psalms, versifiers, 88
Stevens (D. M.) on South Sea stock, 138
Stevenson (John A.) on John Knox's unpublished
letters, 270
Steward family of Norfolk, 449
Stewart family of Brngh, 274, 316
Stone seats in church towers, 384
S. T. P. degree, 17
Stratford family, 190
Strange (Sir John), parentage, 75
Strathbrock, or Broxburn, co. Linlithgow, 358
Strode (Wm.), M.P., temp. Commonwealth, 23, 112
Stuart (Charles Edward), grandson of Jam»» II.,
masonic jewel, 227
Stuart (Lord and Lady Henry), 69
Stuart (James), the ""Athenian," 275
Stuart (Dr. James), editor of the Newry Magazine,
358, 419
Stylites on " Romeo and Juliet," 92
Seasons, popular ideas of, 308
Suggy, a provincialism, 496
Sublime, its derivation, 389, 477
Subscriber on " The Trimmer," 149
Suet penny, 410, 498
Suffolk annual feast. 438
INDEX.
547
Suffolk (Earl of), his fool, 105
Suggy, a provincialism, 271, 313, 337, 496
Sun-dial and compass, 475
Sun-dials, 185, 238, 259
Superstition, its etymology, 17, 234, 516
Surun, battle-cry of the Moguls, 127, 236
Sussex (Frances, Countess of), her will, 342
Sutton (H. G.) on Friendly Societies, 329
Sutton (Sir Richard), his will, 341
Sutton-Dudley family, 325, 396
Swerdor (Alice) of Harlow, her will, 435
Sweyne of Binfield, co. Berks, arms, 409
Swift (Dean) and Wagstaffe's Miscellanies, 131, 253
notes in Macky's " Memoirs," 430
Swinburne (Martha), her literary fame, 492
Swiney (George), M.D., his bequests, 508
Swinton (Sir John) of Swinton, 47
S. (W. L.) on Goldsmith and Malagrida, 251
Swords belonging to the city of London, 432
S. (W. W.) on Durnford family, 113
English refugees in Holland, 159
Jordan Hill, its derivative, 490
Sydenham (Thomas), M.D., his will, 404
Sydney (Sir Philip), " Ourania," its author, 350. See
Sidney.
Sydserff, origin of the name, 67, 117
Sylvester (Joshua), " The Profit of Imprisonment," 422
Synods, provincial, in Ireland, 366
Syriac version of the Apocalypse, 237, 296, 511
T.
T. on execution of Argyle, 193
Speke, a local affix, 67
T. (A.) on the enthronisation at Canterbury, 488
Table-turning 1500 years ago, 104
Taeping prisoners, their execution, 99, 194
Tailor " by trade," 148
Tallack (W.) on Old Sarum history, 8
" Taming of a Shrowe," ed. 1594, 22
Tate and Brady: " Eesurrection Hymn," 67
Taunton priory at the dissolution, 193
Taylor (H.) on author of " Foreign Libraries," 273
Taylor (John), Water poet, on Spanish potatoes, 83
Taylor (Rev. Richard) of Barking, 345, 383
Taylor (Robert), " the Devil's Chaplain," 372
Taylor (Thomas), his longevity, 164
Taylor (Thomas), the Platonist, sacrifices a ram to
Jupiter, 66; list of his works, 431
Taylor (W.W.) on Bishop Jnxon's family, 291
T. (C.) on Lae-chaw Islands, 14
Sow and pigs of metal, 84
T. (D.) on Record Commission publications, 355
Teacher, the great scientific, 104, 138, 238
Telegram, Su abbreviation, 406
Telegram and phoiogram. lines on, 348
Telemachus's account of Mentor's vessel, 164
Telescope perfected by Galileo, 210, 288, 372
Temple family, 391
Ten Commandments. See Decalogue.
Tenby, South Wales, in 1621, 366
Tennyson (Alfred) and Shakspeare, 305 ; passage in
his " Princess," 431, 455
Ter Hoeven family, its arms, 7
Term-trotter described, 158, 257
Terry Alts in Ireland, 270
Terling, co. Essex, its etymology, 307, 399, 476
Testament, French, 1667, Montese version, 471
Testament, New, manuscripts, their uncial and cursive
form, 301, 373
Tests required by religious sects, 350,416
Tetbury, its etymology, 137
Teutonic Order, list of Grand Masters, 231
Tewkesbury (Tom) inquired after, 475
Thackeray (W. M.), notice of Bp. Porteus, 414
Thames encroachments, 350; its topography and
botany, 48
Theocritus printed by Silber, 508
Thibet, the written tree of, 327, 374, 477
Thiers (M.) and Bonaparte's escape from Elba, 129
Thomas of Lancaster, foot at St. Martin's, Leicester, 247
Thompson (James), on Leicester town library, 51
Thompson (Pishey), his death, 300, 380
Thompson (Thomas) on Romance of Real Life, 337
Thorns (W. J.) on pictures of the Earl) of Leicester,
201, 224
Tiara of the Pope, 138, 160
Tibicen Ornnicolor of Hamelen, 412
Tickell (Richard), ballad " Colin and Lucy," 287
Tiles, heraldic, at Shaftesbury, 449
Tillett (W. H.) on national anthems, 148
Tillotson (Abp.) charged with Socinianism, 250
Tilney (Charles), " Tragedie of Locrine," 461
Timbs (John) on sun-dial and compass, 475
Tipping (Wm.) on " Apres moi le deluge!" 279
T. (J.) on Sir Thomas Mede, 66
White Quakers, 57
T. (J. E.) on the bed of Ware, 68
T. (J. R.) on Edmund Burke and the Clohir property,
61
Beaconfield mansion, 81
T. (M. A.) on London churches, 329
Toads in rocks, 55, 97, 175, 198
Todd (Dr. J. H.) on shrine of St. Palladius, or Paldy,
248
Tokens, American. 184, 238, 259, 317, 353
Tone (Theobald Wolfe), his manuscripts, 48
Tonsure emblematical, 45
Tontine explained, 213, 339 i
Tooley (Nicholas), his will, 404
Topography, its study made interesting, 30
Traditions through few links, 428, 465
Travers family, 239
Treble, its derivation, 56, 116
Trees, five sorts conjoined, 227
Tregelles (S. P.) on passage in Minucius Felix, 445
Trench (Francis) on Hue and Cry portraits, 285
Marauder, its derivation, 139
Trenchard (Sir John), noticed, 4 8
Tretane on revocation of Edict of Nantes, 397
Trimmer (Rev. H.) and crayon drawings, 83
Trimmers, the piscatory use of the word, 507
Trinity College, Dublin, lists of students, 470, 499;
Ode on its centenary, 431
Tripe (Dr. Andrew), " Letter," 396
[Yistis on Essays on Assurance, 165
Trix (A. J.) on enigma attributed to Praed, 349
Quotation, 47
Trotley (Sir John), a character in Garrick's " Bon Ton,"
412
"rouvaille, untranslatable, 308
548
INDEX.
Trouveur (Jean le) on Christian IV. a wine-bibber,
502
Sensation history: Theroigne do Mericourt, 2
Trunkwell House, near Reading, 259
Tnckey (Edward) and his father, 186
Turkey, the wild (Meleagrit gaUopavo), 245, 313
Tnrkey-cocks in armorial bearings, 38
Turner (J. M. W.), birth-place, 89; Life, by Walter
Thornbury, 82
Turner (R.) on penny post in 1683, 68
Turner (T. Hudson), noticed, 123
Turnspit dogs, 149, 219, 255
Tweddell (John), classic, 274, 314
Twins, intellectual capacity of, 388, 455, 498
Tyndale (Wm.), Bible, 1537, 10, 35
Typographical queries, 167, 216, 278
Tyrconnel (Oliver, Earl of), his marriages, 349, 437
Tyre and retyre, 464
U.
Unton (Sir Edward), his will, 342
Union (Dame Elizabeth), her will, 341
Upsall (Lords de), particulars, 28
Urquhart pedigree, 212
Ussher (Abp. James), not the author of " Body of
Divinity," 128
Uuyte on Berningh and Ter Hoeven families, 7
Churches dedicated to the Holy Ghost, 377
Fly-leaf scribblings, 406
Peerage of 1720, 67
Private baptisms, 379
Royal motto, 88
V.
Valla (Nicholas), his translations, 508
Van Dyke (Sir Anthony), his will, 404
Van Nost, statuary, 151
V. (E.) on Feast of Jesus, 155
Prince of Wales, his majority, 350, 418
Vebnaon platform-party, 475
Twinkling of a bed-staff, 18
Vedette on Fylfot Gammadion, 359
Venice: the Council of Forty, 128
Vereker (Hon. John Prendergast), Lord Mayor of
Dublin, 410
Verelst (John), artist, 334
Verney (Earl), Chancery bill against Edmund Burke,
81
Vernon (Adm. Edw.), medal, 70, 137
Victoria (Queen), Gothic crown, 60 ; Latin epithala-
minm on her marriage, 8, 54
Vmcentius's prognostication, 489
Violin, its tone improved by use, 206
Virginian Herald, when instituted, 308
Voltaire (M. F. A.) and Le Pere Adam, 504
W.
W. on Morians' land, 432
Wade (Gen.), inscription on one of his bridges, 192
Wager (Wm.), " The Cruel Debtor," 268
Wagstaffe (Wm.), M.D., the authorship of his Miscel-
laneous Works, 131,253
Walcott (M. E. C.) on cardinals' hats, 94
Churches dedicated to the Holy Ghost, 100
City, a bishop's see confers the title, 25
Colours and musical sounds, 79
Cray, its meaning as a local name, 59
Jerusalem Chamber, 95
Johnson (Dr.) at Oxford, 158
Naval uniform, 154
Wales, the Prince of, attainment of his majority, 350,
361, 375, 418
Walford (E.) on Sir Marmadnke Constable, 208
Walker (— ) editor of the " European Review," 198
Walker (John), works illustrative of his " Sufferings of
the Clergy," 65 ; his work noticed by Hearne, 209
Walker (Lieut.-CoL Robert), death, 506
Walker (Mr.) of Greenlaw, co. Berwick, 370
Walker (Wm.), supposed executioner of Charles I., 168
Walkinshaw family, 117, 457
Walpole (Horace), " Catalogue of Engravers," its title-
pages, 350; letter on Sir Wm. Herbert, 352
Walters (A. V.) on battle at Cropredy Bridge, 5
W. (A. M.) on drawing of four aces, 489
Ward (Edward), his celebrated pill, 372; will, 404
Ware, history of the bed of, 68
Warner (Wm.), comedy, " Menechmi," 423
Warriston (Arch. Johnstone, Lord), his MSS., 107
Warwick (Ambrose Dudley, Earl of), his will, 342
Warwick (Anne), Countess of, her will, 342
Warwick (Eden) on metrical date, 1434, 44
Waterloo, the last charge at, 144
W. (A. V.) on discoveries near Winchester cathedral,
44
Fact for geologists, 65
Waynflete (Bp. Wm.), arms and descendants, 451, 498
W. (B. L.) on quotations, references, &c., 512
W. (E.) on old pictures and their allusions, 87
Scandinavian proverbs, 88
Webbe (Rev. J.), musician, 411
Wedderly : Netherhouse, 189, 258, 315
Wedding-day, the silver and golden, 389
Week, its root, 350, 419
Weeping among the ancients, 175
Weid (Friederich Count), of Nieuweid, 111, 159
Wellington (Arthur, Duke of), where educated, 371;
and Lady Holland, 108, 155, 173; meeting with
Blncher at Waterloo, 167, 237
Welsh Chap-books, 431
Welsh Indians, 467
W. (E. S.) on snip-snap-snornm, 379
Wesley (Rev. Samuel), hymn by his clerk, 53, 98
W. (E. S. S.) on Lady Hyndford's flowing beard, 25
West (Gilbert), " The Institution of the Order of the
Garter," 150
Wexford, customs in the county of, 59, 76, 195
W. (F. A. R.) on Goodhind family, 125
W. (G. 0.) on abbreviation of telegram, 406
Kaynard: Canard, 50?
W. (H.) on Marauder, its derivation, 105
Quandorum: Quadrim, 449
Whale, relation of one in 1679, 349
Whalley (Clericus) on Jerusalem Whalley, 76
Whalley (Thomas) walk to Jerusalem, 76, 149, 314
Whewell (W.) on medicine and physics, 394
Whig, or wig, a sort of cake, 17, 116
Whitaker (James) nonconformist minister, his family
relationship, 411
INDEX.
549
Whitby, Penny Hedge at, 88, 119, 298, 318
White's club-house, 127
Whitehead family, 68, 115; arras, 231
Whitelock (Bulstrode), MS. of his "Memorials," 191,
260; his will, 435
Whitmore (W. H.) on American bittern, 360
Cosby (Alex.) Governor of Nova Scotia, 377
" I'm off to Charlestown," 376
Temple family, 391
Whittington (John ) on two poems, 410
Whittington (Richard) and his cat, 121, 196, 293
Whittyngham (Wm.), Dean of Durham, 89
W. (H. M.) on Charles I., warrant for his execution,
213
Pigot (Lord), his marriage, 410
Smith (Dr. Samuel), ancestry, 388
Wickliffe (John), and Indulgences, 286, 336
Wife sale at Birmingham, 186
Wigs, notes on, 168
Wilcox family, 308, 337
Wildfire, in old law books, 431, 498
Wilkinson (F. C.) on old French terms, 506
Wilkinson (H. E.) on custom in W. R, of Yorkshire, 76
Nevison, the freebooter, 78
Wilks (T. C.) on Hampshire registers, 8
Willebrod (St.), traditions of, 388
William de Walworth, his two wills, 341
William the Conqueror's companions, 287, 357
Williams (Montague) on Charleston memoranda, 104
Ancient chessmen, 247
WilloUe (Henry), " Avisa," 462
Willonghby (E. F.) on cheffonier, its different mean-
ings, 390
Puzzle for antiquaries, 406
Sublime, its derivation, 389
Wills already in print, 341, 403, 434, 515
Wilmer family of Dudley, 28
Wilmot (Mrs. Barbarina), "Ina," a tragedy, 180
Wilson (Arthur) of Sheffield? his will, 435
Wilson (Benj.), the caricaturist, 239
Wilson (Dr. John), and Shakspeare's songs, 171
Wilson (Robert), comic actor, 422
Wiltshire annual feast, 392
Wimbledon churchyard, remarkable epitaph, 164, 238
Wimpole Street, 428
Winchester Cathedral, discoveries near, 44
Winckley (Wm.), jun., on Lee and Haggas, 386
Winder (Rev. John), descendants, 168
Winnington (Sir Thos. E.) on Beauty and Love, a
poem, 516
Blanket, origin of name, 318
Clnverins' Germania Antiqua, 150
Coverley (Sir Roger de), 358
Hesiod and Theocritus, early edition, 508
MowlH (Stcfano Antonio), etc., 492
Morgan pap«0> 245
Pharaoh's steam veaadc, 73
" Rebellion Rewarded," a manuscript, 66
Rood-screen at Shelsley Wash, 234
Tenby in 1621, 366
Water-marks on paper, 169
Winter's Night's Pastime," 1594, 421
Wisdom (Robert), versifier, 89
Wise men, the names of the three, a charm, 248,
315, 397
Witchcraft in Kent, 325
Witticisms reproduced, 19
Witton (J. C.) on American cents and tokens, 353
W. (J.) on arms of Whitehead family, 231
Chapman's lines, "A Wrestler," 106
W. (J. F.) on Mitton church used by Romanists, 298
W. (J. H.) on Abp. Cranmer's portrait, 77
W. (J. J.) on the Curfew bell, 498
W. (L.) on Baron Platt's recovery from apparent death,
25
W. (M.) on Dartmouth arms, 409
W. (M. J.) on the position of Rabbis, 308
W. (M. S.) on writer alluded to by Boilean, 490
Wodderspoon (E. S.) on the " Captive Knight," 294
Wolsey (Cardinal), house at Cheshunt, 309, 399
Woman compared to the moon, 115
Wood family of Lancashire and Middlesex, 287
Wood (C.) on Hinchcliffe families, 46
Wood (E. J.) on Assurance literature, 314
" Clerkenwell News," 279
Kentish folk-lore, 325
Woodman (Ralph) on religious tests, 416
Woodward (J.) on archiepiscopal mitres, 238, 358
Arms of Canterbury and Armagh, 391
Baronets' eldest sons and their knighthood, 397
Blankets, origin of, 359
Cambridge professors, official arms, 455
Clement Augustus, Elector of Cologne, 389
Gentlemen of blood, 305
Grand Masters of the TeutonicJOrder, 231
Letters in heraldry, 276, 333
Mermaids with two tails, 458
Naval uniform, 1 54
Siebmacher's " Wappenbuch," 214
Virginia Herald, 308
Woodworth (Samuel), song, " The old oaken bucket,"
430, 474
Worcester (Edward Somerset, second Marquis), "Century
of Inventions," 144
Words derived from proper names, 139, 177, 277, 318,
376, 478
Workard (J. J. B.) on Austin Friars church, 498
Bells at Pisa, 496
Essays on Assurance, 252
Christmas Carol for " N. and Q.," 485
Cotton: " To cotton to," 10
Cut-throat Lane, 259
Emancipated slaves, 456
Fly-leaf scribblings, 477
Forthink, 377
Hymn at Epworth, 98
Inglis (Esther), date of her death, 46
" If not," its ambiguity, 458
Possession nine points of the law, 60
Rats leaving a sinking ship, 37
Sacred, in a bad sense, 517
Sundry queries, 447
Wills in print, 435
Words derived from proper names, 376
Worshipful, or Right Worshipful, 492
Worthy, as a local termination, 276, 337, 399
Wotton (Sir Henry), his will, 342
W. (R.) on authorship of the " Pleader's Guide," 335
Charade, 391
Sinnot and Dillon families, 28
W. (R. B.) on St. Leger family, at Trunkwell House, 259
Wreford (Kenrick) on dying with the ebbing tide, 258
INDEX.
Wcexham orpin, its excellence, 248, 314, 359, 417, 478
Wright (James), bis literary productions, 469
Wright (Sir Martin), Judge of the King's Bench, 9
Wright (R.) on Gobelins tapestry, 248
Wright (Thomas), MS. additions to his "Louthiana," 127
Wright (W. A.) on Bacon's Essays, 65, 428
Prophecy found in St. Benet's abbey, 455
Sackbut, a wind instrument, 496
W. (T.) on Whitehead family, 68
W. (W.) on Congleton Bible and bear, 166
Cytryne in Chaucer, 48
Monumental effigies, 273 *
Harefield battle, 190
Macclesfield remains, 166
Wykeham (William of) and the Henning family, 468,
513; his will, 341
Wylie (Charles) on Eva Maria Garrick, 261
Punch and Judy, 476
Statue of George I. in Leicester fields, 400
Wyndham and Windham families, 348, 395, 454
X.
X. on Sir Henry Gould, 199
" The Lamp of Life," 214
X. (X. A.) on Gray's Elegy, parodies on, 17
Hymn at Epvrorth, 53
Paley's sermon before Pitt, 397
Painting of the Reformers, 258
Porteus (Bp.) and George III., 361
Ximenes (Sir David), biography, 352
Y.
Yard-hind, its different measures, 465
Y. (J.) on David Garrick's marriage, 317
Wills already printed, 404
Yong fJohn), naval architect, 161
York, the first Lord Mayor, 168
Yorkshire, Picturesque Guide to, 60
Yorkshire annual feast, 393
Yorkshire legends, 343
Yorkshire sufferers in 1745, *50
Yorktown and the Nelson fanu./, 64
Young Herd and the King's Daughter, 485
Young (Dr. Edward), book-plate, 410
Young i James ', type-composing machine, ] 9
Young (Sidney) on letters in coats of arms, 239
Travers family, 239
Z. on the Rev. James Gray, 1 5
Zeta on anonymous works, 26, 86
Hausted's " Rival Friends," 9
" My Book," by Aaron Philomirth, 46
Poems by an Anglo-Indian, 105
St. Paul's school, plays acted, 67
Zevecotius (Jacob1, biography, 150
Zurich Association for Microscopical Science, 9
Z. (X. Y.) on Quotation, 452
END OF THE SECOND VOLUME— THIRD SERIES.
Printed by GEORGE ANDREW 8POTTI8WOODE, at 5New-itreet Square, in the Parish ofSt. Bride, in the City of London i
and Publialud by GEOKGE BELL, at 196 Fleet Street, in the Pariih of St. Dunrtan in the Wert, m the same city^atitntay,
January 17, 1863.
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