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NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 


of  JntmCmnmum'catfott 


TOB 


LITERARY  MEN,   GENERAL   READERS,   ETC. 


When  found,  make  a  note  of." — CAPTAIN  CUTTLE. 


THIRD      SERIES. —VOLUME     FIFTH. 

JANUARY — JUNE  1864. 


LONDON: 

PUBLISHED  AT  THE 

OFFICE,    32    WELLINGTON    STREET,    STEAND,    W.C. 

1864. 


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NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 

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No.  105. 


SATURDAY,  JANUARY  2,  1864. 


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irgies.  Hymns, 
>f  Life. 


.CiUropv. — iJrieut-Hi  oHureu    irauiuuua. —  AJ 

its  Emendation Renan's  Life  of  Jesus.— JXI\.UKHHH  .un-m^icu,  .u 

&c.  (Translated  by  the  Rev.  J.  M.  Rodwell.  M.A.) — The  Tree  01  i,ue. 
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THE    HOME    AND   FOREIGN   REVIEW. 
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NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


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THE  CAMDEN  SOCIETY. 


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I.  The  "Way  to  be  happy. 
II.  The    Woman     taken 

III.  The  Two  Records  of  Crea- 

tion 

IV.  The  Fall  and  the  Repent- 

ance of  Peter. 
V.  The  Good  Daughter. 


VI.  The  Convenient  Season. 
VII.  The  Death  of  the  Martyrs. 
VIII.  God  is  Love. 
IX.  St.    Paul's    Thora   in   the 

Flesh. 
X.  Evil  Thoughts. 


CONTENTS : 

XI.  Sins  of  the  Tongue. 
XII.  Youth  and  Age. 

XIII.  Chri-t  our  Best. 

XIV.  The  Slavery  of  Sin. 
XV.  The  Sleep  of  Death. 

XVI.  David's  Sin  our  Warning. 
XVII.  The  Story  of  St.  John. 
XVIII.  The  Worship  of  the  Sera- 

XIX.  Joseph  an  Example  to  the 

Young. 

XX.  Home  Religion. 
XXI.  The  Latin  Service  of  the 

Romish  Church. 


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to  avoid  the  temptation  to  appear  abstrusely  intellectual,-^  great  error 
with  many  Ixmdon  preachers,- and  at  the  same  time  to  rise  above  the 
strictly  plain  sermon  required  by  an  unlettered  flock  in  the  country. 
He  ha*  hit  the  mean  with  complete  success,  and  produced  a  volume 
which  will  be  readily  bought  by  those  who  are  in  search  ot  sermons  for 
family  reading.  Out  of  twenty-one  discourses  it  is  almost  impossible 
to  give  an  extract  which  would  show  the  quality  of  the  rest,  but  while 
we  commend  thi-m  as  a  whole,  we  desire  to  mention  with  especial  re- 
•pcct  one  on  the  '  Two  Records  of  Creation,  in  which  the  vexata 
atutftio  of  '  Geology  and  Genesis  '  is  stated  with  ffreat  perspicuity  and 
faithfulness;  another  on  '  Home  Religion.'  in  which  the  duty  of  the 
Christian  to  labour  for  the  salvation  of  his  relatives  and  friends  is 
strongly  enforced,  and  oneon  the*  Latin  Service  in  the  Romish  Church,' 
which  though  an  argumentative  sermon  on  a  point  of  controversy,  is 
perfectly  free  from  a  controversial  spirit,  and  treats  the  subject  with 
great  fairness  and  ability."— Literary  Churchman. 

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and  well  adapted  for  families."— English  Cku>  c'nnoji. 

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thren, while  the  language  is  nervous,  racy  Saxon.  In  Mr.  Sccretaa's 
sermons  there  are  genuine  touches  of  feeling  and  pathos  which  are  irn- 
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THE    ART-JOURNAL 

(Price  2s.  6d.  Monthly). 

fTHE    JANUARY  NUMBER  (now  ready)   com- 

X  metices  a  New  Volume,  and  contains  the  following  interesting 
articles,  the  most  important  of  which  will  be  continued  throughout  the 
year:  — 

On  the  Preservation  of  Pictures  painted  in  Oil  Colours.  By  J.  B. 
Pyne. 

The  National  Gallery. 

The  Proto-Madonna.    Attributed  to  St.  Luke.    Illustrated. 

Alnaanav.ac  of  the  Month.  From  Designs  by  W.  Ilarvey.  Illus- 
trated. 

Art- Work  in  January.    By  the  Rev.  J.  G.  Wood,  M.A.,  &c.  &c. 

The  Church  at  Ephesus.    By  the  Rev.  J.  M.  Bellew. 

British  Artists:  their  Style  and  Character.  By  J.  Daffurne.  Illus- 
trated. 

The  Houses  of  Parliament. 

Prosiressof  Art-Manufacture  :  — Art  in  Iron.    Illustrated. 

Portrait  Painting  in  England.    By  Peter  Cunningham,  F.  S.A. 

Hymns  in  Prose.    Illustrated. 

Lnys  of  the  Scottish  Cavaliers.   Illustrated. 

History  of  Caricature  and  of  Grotesque  in  Art.  By  T.  Wright, 
M.A.,  F.S.A.  Illustrated. 

New  Hall  China.  A  History  of  the  New  Hall  Porcelain  Works  at 
Shelton.  By  Llewellynn  Jewitt,  F.S.A.  Illustrated. 

The  Department  of  Science  and  Art. 

William  Blake  the  Artist. 

New  Method  of  Engraving  and  Multiplying  Prints,  &c. 

Early  Sun-Pictures.          &c.  &c.  &c. 

Also  three  I Jne  Engravings,  viz.  :— 
"  Alice  Lisle."    By  F.  Heath.  From  the  Picture  by  E.  M.  Ward, 

"Venice;  from  the  Canal   of  the  Giudecca."     By  E.  Brandard. 

From  the  Picture  by  J.  M.  W.  Turner,  R.A. 

M  A  Vision."    By  R.  A.  ArtLett.    From  the  Bas-relief  by  J.  Ed- 
wards. 

Engravings  will  be  given  during  the  ye? r  1864  from  Pictures  by  E.M. 
Ward.  R.A.,  W.  P.  Frith,  R.A.,  T.  Faed,  A.R.A.,  H.  O'Neil,  A.R.A., 
J.  Philip,  R.A.,  NoelPaton,  R  S.A.,  J.  R.  Herbert,  U.A.,  A.  Elmore, 
R.A.,  D.  Maclise,R.A.,P.F.Poole,  R.A.,  John  Linnell,  F.  Goodall, 
A.R.A.,  C.  R.  Leslie,  R.A.,  J.  C.  Hook,  R.A.,&c.  &c. 

Of  works  in  Sculpture,  the  "  Reading  Girl "  (Magni),  the  "  Finding  of 
Moses  "  (Spence), "  Ariel "  (Lough), "  Monument  to  Nicholson"  (Foley), 
"Religion"  (Edwards),  "  Prince  Leopold  and  Prince  Arthur  "  (Mrs. 
Thornycroft),  &c.  Ike. 

Selections  from  the  Turner  bequest  to  the  nation  will  also  be  con- 
tinued. 

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Muller,  E.  Crowe,  Mrs.  E.  M.  Ward,  Miss  Obborne,  -W.  J.  Grant,  and 
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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  JAN.  2,  '04. 


ERASER'S    MAGAZINE 

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The  Highway  of  Nations. 

Late  Laurels.-A  Tale.    Chapters  XXV.  and  XXVI. 

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Stephen  on  Criminal  Law. 

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ARCHITECTURE    AND    ARCHEOLOGY. 


AN  INTRODUCTION  to  the  STUDY  of  GOTHIC 

ARCHITECTURE      By    JOHN    HENRY    PARKER,    F.8.A. 
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ten, ai  the  auth-r  Bay*,  not  t o  much  '  for  architects  as  for  their  em- 
ployer*, the  gentry  and  clergy  of  England.  "—Art  Journal. 

II. 

AN  ATTEMPT  to  DISCRIMINATE  the  STYLES 

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TURE in  ENGLAND,  with  numerous  Illustrations  of  Existing 
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Architecture  come  in  most  opportunely  to  drive  away  this  t  rror.  His 
book  opens  to  us  a  vast  store  of  exquisite  remains  of  mediaeval  civil 
architecture  still  existing  in  our  own  country,  and  Rives  some  glimpses 
of  the  far  richer  stores  which  exist  in  other  lands.  The  popular  igno- 


rance of  this  subject  is  truly  amusing.  Our  land  is  still  studded  with 
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make  peopil  believe  that  they  are  domestic."  -  National  Review, 
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as  a  novel,  and  our  domestic  history  is  written  not  only  with  great  re- 
and liveliness." 


search,  but  also  with  much  spirit 


Christian  Remembrancer. 


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read."—  Athenosum,  March  9,  1861. 

VI. 

ANCIENT   ARMOUR  and   WEAPONS    in 

EUROPE.    By  JOHN  HEWITT,  Member  of  the  Archaeological 
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the  work,  1Z.  12s. 
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THE    HISTORY    OF  THE  VIOLIN,   and  other 
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to  the  Present.    Also,  an   Am.unt  of  the  Principal  Makers.  English 
and  Foreign.    By  W.  SANDYS.  F.S.  A.,  and  8.  A.  FORSTER. 
London  :  J.  RUSSELL  SMITH,  36,  Soho  Square. 


PHRONICLES  OF  THE  ANCIENT  BRITISH 

\J    CHURCH,  previous  to  the  Arrival  of  St.  Augustine,  A.  D.  596. 
Second  Edition.    PostSvo.   Price  5s.  cloth. 

"The  study  of  our  early  ecclesiastical  history  has  by  some  been  con- 
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the  Ancient  British  Church,'  has  so  collected  trie  material  from  the 
many  arid  various  sources,  and  has  so  judiciously  classified  and  con- 
densed the  records,  that  there  is  no  longer  this  plea.  We  recommend 
the  work  not  only  to  every  student,  but  to  every  churchman  who  feels 
an  interest  m  the  early  history  of  his  church."  —  Literary  Churchman, 
June  16, 18S5. 

"  An  excellent  manual,  containing  a  large  amount  of  information 
on  a  subject  little  known,  and  still  less  understood.  We  recommend 
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August  22, 1855. 

London  :  WERTHEIM  &  MACINTOSH,  24,  Paternoster  Row,  ftfC. 
and  of  all  Booksellers. 


3'd  S.  V.  JAN.  2,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JANUARY  2,  18G4. 

CONTENTS. —No.  105. 

NOTES  •  —Unpublished  Humorous  and  Satirical  Papers  of 
Archbishop  Laud,  1  -  A  State-Paper  Rectified,  5 -A  Law 
Pastoral,  6  —  Particulars  regarding  Sir  Walter  Raleigh,  7 
—  Fashionable  Quarters  of  London,  8  -Rye-House  Plot 
Cards,  9  — The  Lapwing:  Witchcraft  —  John  Rowe,  Ser- 
jeant-at-Law  — Charles  Lloyd— Cambridge  Tradesmen  in 
1635  — Robespierre's  Remains,  10. 

QUERIES :  —  Old  Latin  Aristotle  —  John  Barcroft  —  Ceno- 
taph to  the  79th  Regiment  at  Clifton  — William  Chaigneau 
—Eleanor  d'Olbreuse  -  Hyoscyamus  -  Laurel  Water  — 
Lewis  Morris  —  The  Prince  Consort's  Motto  —  Richard 
Salveyne  —  Swinburne  —  Captain  Yorke,  11. 

QUERIES  WITIT  ANSWERS:— Pholey—  Lines  addressed  to 
Charles  I.— Crest  of  Apothecaries' Company  —  Frumen- 
turn:  Siligo  — John  Burton  — James  II.  and  the  Preten- 
der —  New  Translation  of  the  Bible,  by  John  Bellamy, 
circa  1818, 12. 

EEPLIES  :  —  Exhibition  of  Sign-Boards,  14— "Est  Rosa 
Flos  Veneris,"  15— Rev.  P.  Rosenhagen,  16 -Collins,  Autho  r 
of  "  To-morrow,"  17  —  John  Hawkins  —  Rev.  F.  S.  Pope  — 
Mrs.  Cokayne  -  John  Donne,  LL.D.  — Scottish- Execu- 
tion for  Witchcraft  —  Mutilation  of  Sepulchral  Monu- 
ments—Longevity of  Clergymen  — Ehret,  Flower  Pain- 
ter :  Barberini  Vase  —  Rev.  Thomas  Craig  —  Dr.  David 
Lamont  —  Baptismal  Names  —  Tydides  —  Capnobatse  — 
Joseph  Washington  —  Handosyde  —  Early  Marriages  — 
Revalenta  —  Paper-Makers'  Trade  Marks  —  Christian 
Names  — As  Mad  as  a  Hatter,  20. 

Notes  on  Books.  &c. 


ADDRESS. 

A  Happy  New  Year  to  every  kind  Contributor,  gentle 
Reader,  and  warm  Friend,  under  whose  genial  influence 
"  NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  has  continued  to  flourish  for 
Fourteen  Years. — Yes,  Fourteen  Years ! 

At  fourteen  years  of  age  the  Roman  youth  Avas  entitled 
to  assume  the  toga  virilis.  The  toga  virilis  of  a  periodical  is 
its  own  Publishing  Office.  So  from  henceforth  "N.  &  Q." 
will  be  issued  from  No.  32,  Wellington  Street,  Strand, 
where,  We  trust,  with  the  continued  assistance  of  those 
kind  old  friends  who  have  rallied  round  it  in  its  new 
office  with  contributions  to  enrich  the  present  and  fol- 
lowing Numbers,  it  will  go  on  increasing  in  interest  and 
usefulness  for  years  to  come. 


UNPUBLISHED  HUMOROUS  AND  SATIRICAL 
PAPERS  OF  ARCHBISHOP  LAUD. 

Few  people  would  look  for  humour  in  anything 
said  or  written  by  Archbishop  Laud.  He,  whose 
"hasty  sharp  way  of  speaking"  is  commemorated 
by  Clarendon,  who  said  of  himself  that  he  had 
"no  leisure  for  compliments,"  and  whose  voice 
and  manner  in  speaking  were  such  that  they  who 
heard  and  saw  him  always  supposed  that  he  was 
angry  —  such  a  man  seems  very  unlikely  to  have 
been  gifted  with  the  slightest  predisposition  for 
drollery.  Yet  I  had  occasion,  some  time  ago,  to 
point  out  that,  in  his  letters  to  his  friends,  there 
existed  traces  of  a  heavy  but  kindly  pleasantry,  of  I 
which  I  quoted  several  examples.  I  have  now,  I 


going  a  step  farther  in  the  same  direction,  to  lay 
before  you  evidence  that  there  really  was  within 
that  cold  harsh  man — for  such  in  his  "  full-blown 
dignity"  he  exhibited  himself  to  the  world — a 
power  of  appreciating  and  applying  wit  and  wag- 
gery for  which,  without  this  evidence,  scarcely 
anyone,  I  think,  would  give  him  credit. 

But  I  must  premise  a  few  words  of  explanation. 
In  1613  the  future  Archbishop  was,  in  his  fortieth 
year,  President  of  St.  John's,  Oxford,  a  Doctor 
of  Divinity,  and  a  Royal  Chaplain.  In  that  same 
year  a  most  absurd  "sedition,"  as  it  is  termed 
by  Antony  &  Wood,  was  raised  in  the  University. 
Some  of  the  youngsters,  headed  by  one  Henry 
Wightwick  of  Gloucester  Hall,  deemed  the  dig- 
nity of  the  Convocation  House  diminished  by  the 
circumstance  that  the  Vice-Chancellor  and  Doc- 
tors were  in  the  habit  of  sitting  in  their  assemblies 
bare-headed.  There  have  been  many  foolish  re- 
bellions ;  but  surely,  if  we  know  the  truth  about 
this  matter,  no  one  was  ever  more  silly  than  this. 
Like  many  other  hare-brained  things,  however, 
it  found  patronage  among  men  of  higher  standing 
than  those  with  whom  it  originated ;  and,  thus 
supported,  what  appears  to  have  been  a  mere 
childish  outbreak  divided  and  excited  the  whole 
University.  We  must  suppose  that,  somehow 
or  other,  it  linked  itself  to  party  differences 
of  a  higher  character.  Dons  as  well  as  under- 
graduates were,  for  'several  years,  kept  in  hot- 
water  by  this  contemptible  dispute.  Some  of  the 
leaders  of  the  dissentients  even  went  the  length 
of  threatening  to  follow  an  example  which  had 
occasioned  considerable  trouble  once  before— that 
of  secession  from  Oxford,  and  the  erection  of  a 
new  college  at  Stamford. 

Occupying  an  eminent  station  in  the  University, 
Laud  could  scarcely  have  avoided  taking  some 
share  in  the  dispute ;  and  we  know  that  he  wae  not 
a  man  to  do  anything  otherwise  than  energetically. 
Whatever  he  did  or  said,  we  may  be  sure  that  on 
such  an  occasion  he  took  the  side  of  authority ; 
but  we  have  no  information  on  the  subject,  until 
the  proposal  was  made  to  dismember  the  Univer- 
sity. Aroused  by  a  suggestion,  which  was  either 
absurd  or  of  weighty  moment,  he  determined  to 
crush  it  at  once  by  overwhelming  it  with  ridicule. 

The  stories  of  the  folly  of  the  Gothamites, 
which  were  then  familiar  to  everybody,  gave 
him  a  foundation  to  build  upon.  He  conceived  the 
design  of  publishing  a  burlesque  account  of  the 
contemplated  foundation  at  Stamford,  under  the 
name  of  Gotham  (or,  as  he  spelt  it,  Gotam,)  Col- 
lege, introducing  into  its  imaginary  regulations 
such  Gothamite  recollections  as  could  be  made 
applicable,  with  such  other  strokes  of  humour  as 
could  be  brought  to  bear  upon  the  contemplated 
design,  in  the  way  of  quizzing  and  contempt. 

The  subject  has  not  been  mentioned  (so  far  as 
I  know)  by  the  biographers  of  Laud,  nor  are  there 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


^  S.  V.  JAN.  2,  '64. 


any  documents  respecting  it  printed  in  the  edi- 
tion of  his  Works  published  in  the  Library  of 
An-lo-Catholie  Theology  ;  but  there  exist,  among 
the° State  Papers  in  the  Publ.c  Record  Omce, 
placed  at  the  end  of  the  year  1613  various  papers, 
mostly  in  Laud's  handwriting,  which  clearly  in- 
dicate the  nature  of  his  contemplated  publication 


None  of  them  are  probably  quite  finished  ;  but 
more  or  less    advanced  towards  comple- 


, , 

Why  the  intended  pamphlet,  or  whatever 

- 


all are 
tion. 

it  was  to  have  been,  was  laid  aside,  does  not  ap 
pear.  The  Gothamite  scheme  may  have  ^die 
away,  and  it  was  not  deemed  advisable  to  stir  its 
decaying  embers  ;  or  Laud's  execution  of  his  de- 
sign, after  much  touching  and  retouching  (of 
which  the  papers  before  us  present  ample  evi- 
dence), may  not  have  pleased  him.  These  manu- 
scripts remain  —  mere  wrecks  and  ruins;  but 
there  is  enough  in  them  to  indicate  clearly  the 
author's  purpose,  and  to  demonstrate,  unless  I 
very  much  mistake  their  character,  that  he  pos- 
sessed no  mean  power  of  making  sport.  He  dealt 
•with  the  subject  before  him  in  his  naturally  sharp, 
but  also  in  a  frolicsome  and  witty  manner. 

The  first  of  these  papers  —  an  "Epistle  to  the 
Reader,"  designed  as  a  preface  to  the  intended 
work  —  seems  to  be  all  but  complete.  I  shall  give 
it  you  as  it  stands.  It  will  be  found  to  be  quaint 
and  oil-fashioned,  but  not  without  touches  of 
effective  pleasantry. 

"  To  THE  READER. 

"  Come,  Reader,  let's  be  merry  !  I  have  a  tale  to  tell  : 
I  would  it  were  worth  the  hearing,  but  take  it  as  it  is. 
There's  a  great  complaint  made  against  this  age,  that  no 
good  works  are  done  in  it.  Sure  I  hear  Slander  hath  a 
tongue,  and  it  is  a  woman's  bird  never  born  mute.*  "For 
not  long  since  (besides  many  other  things  of  worth)  there 
was  built  in  the  air  a  very  famous  college,  the  SEMINARY 
or  INNOCENTS,  commonly  called  in  the  mother  tongue  of 
that  place,  GOTAM  COLLEGE.  T  do  not  think,  in  these 
latter  freezing  ages,  there  hath  been  a  work  done  of 
greater  either  profit  or  magnificence.  The  founder  got 
up  into  a  tree  (and  borrowed  a  rook's  nest  for  his  cushion) 
to  see  the  plot  of  the  building,  and  the  foundation  laid.  He 
resolved  to  build  it  in  the  air  to  save  charges,  because 
castles  are  built  there  of  lighter  materials.  It  is  not  to 
be  spoken  how  much  he  saved  in  the  very  carriage  of 
timber  and  stone  by  this  politic  device,  which  I  do  not 
doubt  but  founders  in  other  place*  will  imitate.  Yet  he 
•would  not  have  it  raised  too  high  in  the  air,  lest  his  Col- 
legians, which  were  to  be  heavy  and  earthy,  should  not 
pet  into  it;  and  it  is  against  all  good  building  to  need  a 
ladder  at  the  gate.  The  end  of  this  building  was  as 
charitable,  as  the  ordering  of  it  prudf  nt  ;  for  whereas  there 
are  many  places  in  all  commonwealths  provided  for  the 
lame,  and  the  sick,  and  the  blind,  and  the  poor  of  all 
sorts,  there  is  none  anywhere  erected  for  innocents.  This 
founder  alone  may  glory  that  he  is  the  first,  and  may 
prove  the  only  patron  of  Fools.  He  was  ever  of  opinion 
that,  upon  the  first  finishing  of  his  College,  it  would  have 
more  company  in  it  than  any  one  College  in  any  Univer- 
sity in  Europe.  Such  height  would  be  waited"  upon  by 

•  Pinrtw. 


malice.  Therefore  he  resolved  to  build  it  in  no  Univer- 
sity, but  very  near  one  famous  one.  Not  in  an}',  for 
such  a  place  cannot  bear  their  folly;  not  far  off,  for  no 
other  place  so  liable  to  discover  and  publish  their  worth. 
I  could  tell  you  much  more,  but  it  is  not  good  manners  in 
the  Epistle  to  prevent  the  tract.  If  you  will  not  take 
the  pains  to  walk  about  this  College,  you  shall  be  ignor- 
ant of  their  building.  If  not  to  read  their  orders  and 
statutes,  you  shall  not  know  their  privileges.  If  not  to 
be  acquainted  with  some  of  the  students,  you  shall  he  a 
stranger  in  all  places,  and  not  well  acquainted  in  your 
own  country.  One  counsel  let  me  give  you :  whenever 
you  visit  the  place,  stay  not  long  in  it ;  *  for  the  air  is 
bad,  and  all  the  students  very  rheumatic.  I  have  heard 
that  Ladv  Prudence  Wisdom  went  but  once  (then  she 
was  masked  and  muffled,  and  yet  she  escaped  not  the 
toothache.)  to  see  it  since  it  was  built,  and  myself  heard 
her  swear  she  would  never  come  within  the  gates  again. 
You  think  the  Author  of  this  Work  (who  for  the  founder's 
honour,  and  the  students'  virtues,  hath  taken  on  him  to 
map  out  this  building)  must  depart  from  the  truth  of  the 
history.  Reader,  it  needs  not.  For  there  is  more  to  be 
said  of  these  men,  in  truth  and  story,  than  any  pen  can 
set  out  to  the  world.  His  pen  is  weak,  and  mine  too; 
but  who  cannot  defend  Innocents  ?  Farewell.  The  founder 
laughed  heartily  when  he  built  the  College :  if  thou  canst 
laugh  at  nothing  in  it,  borrow  a  spleen.  You  know  I 
dwell  a  little  too  near  the  College  that  I  am  so  skilful  in 
it,  and  have  idle  time  to  spend  about  it.  But  it's  no 
matter.  What  if  I  were  chosen  Fellow  of  the  house? 
As  the  world  goes,  I  had  rather  be  rich  at  Gotham  than 
poor  in  a  better  place.  You  know  where  I  dwell.  Come 
to  see  me  at  any  time  when  it  is  safe,  that  the  Ears  f  of 
the  College  hang  not  over  me,  and  I  will  show  you  as 
many  Fellows  of  this  Society  highly  preferred  as  of  any 
other.  I  know  you  long  to  hear ;  but  you  shall  come  to 
my  house  for  it,  as  near  the  College  as  it  stands.  There 
you  shall  find  me  at  my  devotion  for  Benefactors  to  this 
worthy  foundation." 

This  "Epistle  to  the  Reader"  is  followed  by  a 
variety  of  rough  notes,  scattered  over  seventeen 
leaves,  many  of  which  contain  only  a  sentence 
or  two.  They  were  apparently  intended  to  be 
worked  up  into  the  designed  work. 

We  next  have  a  Latin  Charter  of  Liberties, 
supposed  to  have  been  granted  to  the  College  by 
the  Emperor  of  Morea.  There  are  among  the 
papers  two  drafts  of  this  charter.  In  one,  the 
Emperor's  name  is  given  as  Midas.  They  are 
both  framed  as  if  granted  to  the  founder,  who  was 
at  first  designated  as  "Thomas  White,  miles,"  but 
the  "White"  was  subsequently  struck  out.  Why 
the  name  of  Sir  Thomas  White,  the  founder  of 
Reading  School,  where  Laud  was  educated,  and 
of  his  beloved  College  of  St.  John's,  was  thus  in- 
troduced, I  am  unable  to  explain. 

The  draft  of  a  Foundation  Charter  of  the 
College  then  follows.  It  runs  in  the  name  of 
"  Thomas  a  Cuniculis,  miles  auritus,  patria?  Mo- 
reanus." 

We  next  have  two  copies,  but  with  many  vari- 
tions  between  them,  of  a  paper  entitled  "  The 
Foundation  of  Gotam  College."  This  was  the 
author's  principal  effort.  In  his  account  of  the 

*  Anima  prudens  in  sicco.  f  They  are  very  long. 


S.  V.  JAN.  2,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


rules  and  regulations  of  the  college,  he  pours  out 
his  store  of  Gothamite  recollections,  with  such 
fresh  wit  ns  he  could  make  to  tell  against  the 
chief  members  of  the  party  to  whom  he  was 
opposed.  It  is  difficult  occasionally  to  identify 
the  persons  alluded  to,  but  many  of  them  will  be 
easily  recognised.  The  two  brothers,  Dr.  Samp- 
son and  Dr.  Daniel  Price,  together  with  Dr. 
Thomas  James,  the  author  of  Bellum  Papale,  were 
clearly  leaders  in  the  suggestion  which  excited 
Laud's  dislike.  Upon  them  the  vials  of  his  wrath 
were  consequently  poured.  All  three  were  strong 
anti -Romanists.  Antony  Wood  tells  us  that  Dr. 
Sampson  Price  was  so  distinguished  in  that  re- 
spect, that  he  acquired  the  name  of  "  'The  Mawl 
of  Heretics,'  meaning  papists ;"  and  that,  both  he 
and  his  brother,  were  regarded  with  especial  dis- 
like at  Douay.  Both  brothers  were  royal  chap- 
lains and  popular  preachers,  and  of  the  same  way 
of  thinking,  —  that  way  being  in  most  respects 
nearly  as  far  removed  from  Laud's  way,  as  could 
co-exist  within  the  pale  of  the  Church  of  England. 
Dr.  Thomas  James,  the  well-known  Bodley  libra- 
rian, was  a  man  of  precisely  the  same  anti-Ro- 
manist views  as  the  Prices,  but  probably  of  far 
greater  learning  than  either  of  them.  All  these 
had  no  doubt,  like  other  men,  their  vanities  and 
peculiarities ;  and  it  is  upon  these  foibles  that 
Laud  seizes  and  applies  them  to  the  purposes  of 
his  ridicule.  Thus,  we  learn  that  James  was 
highly  pleased  with  his  dignity  of  Justice  of 
Peace,  whence  Laud  styles  him  Mr.  Justice 
James,  and  appoints  him  library  keeper  of  the 
new  college.  We  learn  also,  that  Dr.  Sampson 
Price  enjoyed  his  nap  at  the  sermons  in  St.  Mary's, 
and  that  Dr.  Daniel  was  fond  of  an  anchovy  toast, 
and  had  a  general  liking  (in  which  respect  he  was 
probably  not  singular,  either  at  Oxford  or  else- 
where,) for  a  good  dinner.  All  these  points  come 
out  in  the  following  paper  ;  which  I  print,  with 
one  or  two  omissions,  from  one  of  the  two  manu- 
scripts, adding  here  and  there  passages  derived 
from  the  other. 

"  THE  FOUNDATION  OF  GOTAM  COLLEGE. 

"  The  founder  (being  the  Duke  of  Morea*)  made  suit 
and  obtained  leave  for  this  foundation,  that  it  might  be 
erected,  anno  1613.  The  reasons  of  his  suit  were :  — 

"  1.  Because,  in  the  midst  of  so  many  good  works  as 

had  been  done  for  the  bringing  up  of  men  in  learning, 

there  had  been  none  taken  in  special  for  the  Gotamists. 

"  2.  Because  every  College  in  the  University  had  some 

or  other  of  them  in  it,  which  were  fitter  to  be  elected 

and  chosen  out  to  live  together  in  this  new  foundation. 

"  3.  Because  it  is  unfit  that,  in  a  well-governed  com- 

^raon  wealth,  such  a  great  company  of  deserving  men,  or 

*  This  is  not  consistent  with  the  foundation  charter 

noticed    before,    and   is  an  evidence   that  the    author's 

design   was  still  unsettled.      In  the  margin  is  written, 

Bn    Thomas  Curiinsby,    con-founder."      This    is   evi- 

ntly  the  "Thomas   *  Cuniculis,"   mentioned    in  the 

toundation  charter. 


youth  full  of  hope  as  those  are  (for  stultorum  plena  sunt 

omnia'),  should  want  places  of  preferment  or  education. 

"  Maintenance. — Their  mortmain  is  to  hold  as  much  as 
will  be  given  them,  without  any  stint;  which  favour  is 
granted  them  in  regard  of  their  number  (being  the  great- 
est foundation  in  Christendom),  and  at  the  instant  re- 
quest of  the  honourable  patroness  the  Lady  Fortuna  favet : 
provided  always,  that  they  hold  no  part  of  this  their  land, 
or  aught  else,  in  capite,  but  as  much  as  they  will  in 
Knight's  service,  so  they  fit  their  cap  and  their  coat 
thereafter. 

"  Sociorum  numerus. — The  number  of  Fellows  may  not 
be  under  500,  and  200  probationers  (if  so  many  may  be 
found  fit) ;  which  it  shall  be  lawful  to  choose  out  of  anv 
College  in  Oxford :  Provided  that  when,  if  ever,  there  is 
any  eminent  man  found  in  the  other  University  of  Cam- 
bridge, or  any  other,  it  shall  be  lawful  for  them,  Avhich 
after  the  founder  shall  be  put  in  trust  with  the  election, 
to  admit  them  in  veros  et  perpetuos  socios. 

"  The  statutes  are  appointed  to  be  penned  in  brief,  for 
the  help  of  their  memory,  which  yet  is  better  than  the 
wit  of  an3r  of  the  Fellowships.  [Memorandum.  In  making 
of  a  speech,  they  must  not  stop  at  any  time,  but  when 
their  breath  fails.]  There  is  leave  granted  they  may  re- 
move '  Cuckoo- bush,'  and  set  it  in  some  part  of  the'Col- 
lege  garden :  and  that  in  remembrance  of  their  famous 
predecessors  they  shall  breed  a  Cuckoo  every  year,  and 
keep  him  in  a  pound  till  he  be  hoarse ;  and  then,  in  mid- 
summer moon,  deliver  him  to  the  bush  and  let  him  at 
liberty. 

"  Because  few  of  these  men  have  wit  enough  to  grieve, 
they  shall  have  '  Gaudyes  '  *  every  holyday  and  every 
Thursday  through  the  year ;  and  their  '  Gaudyes '  shall 
be  served  up  in  woodcocks,  gulls,  curs,  pouts,  geese,  gan- 
ders, and  all  such  other  fowl,  which  shall  be  brought  at  a 
certain  rate  in  ass-loads  to  furnish  the  College.  But  on 
other  days  which  are  not  'Gaudyes,'  they  shall  have  all 
their  commons  iu  calf's  head  and  bacon,  f  and,  there- 
fore, to  this  purpose  all  the  beef,  mutton,  and  veal,  shall 
be  cut  out  by  their  butcher  into  calves'  heads ;  and  on 
fish- days  conger,  cod's  head,  or  drowned  eel,  with  a  piece 
of  cheese  after  it — of  the  same  dairy  with  that  cheese 
which  their  wise  predecessors  rolled  down  the  hill,  to 
go  to  market  before  them. 

"  Broths,  caudles,  pottage,  and  all  such  settle- brain, 
absolutely  forbidden.  All  other  meats  to  be  eaten  assa. 

"  Fasts.  —  They  are  to  fast  upon  O  Sapientia.  The 
solemn  day  of  their  foundation,  Innocent's  day.  [Another 
solemn  feast  day  to  be  renewed,  St.  Dunstan's.] 

"Benefices.  —  Gotam  annexed  to  the  headship.  The 
other  benefices  belonging  to  the  Fellows  are  Bloxam, 
Duns-tu,  Dunstable,  St.  Dunstan's  (East,  West),  Totte- 
ridge,  Aleton,  Battlebridge,  Gidding  (Magna,  Parva),  the 
prebend  of  Layton  Buzzard,  Little  Brainford,  Little  Wit- 
nam  (Mr.  Dunns  being  patron  of  Little  VVitnam,  gave  it 
to  a  good  scholar),  a  petition  being  made  by  the  College 
that  VVitnam,  and  all  that  Mr.  Dunns  had  in  his  gift, 
should  belong  to  the  College.  [Added  in  the  margin : — 
Cookeham  (Magna,  Parva),  Steeple  Bumstead,  Uggly, 
St.  Asaphs.] 

"  An  Act  of  Parliament  held  for  them. 

"  The  College  to  be  furnished  with  all  munition  save 
head-pieces.  None  of  the  generations  of  Wisemen,  Wise- 
dom,  or  Wise,  eligible  into  the  hou?e,  for  the  disgrace  their 
predecessors  have  done  to  the  College.  The  book  of  Wis- 
dom to  be  left  out  of  their  Bibles.  To  abjure  Pythagoras, 
Tacitus,  Tranquillus,  and  Prudentius. 


*  Diet.  "Nepenthe  potus."  A  fool  at  second  course. 
Mustard  with  everything  to  purge  the  head. 

f  It  being  lawful  for  them,  as  well  as  the  toivn's-b;>ys,  io 
eat  bread  and  butter  in  the  streets. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


3,  V.  JAN.  2,  '64. 


»isssihs  ^- -SHS£SS 


«  OK**  dMemKK  Collegium.- Experience  to  be  ex- 
nelled  for  fear  of  corrupting  the  company,  and  yet  in 
some  cases  to  be  admitted,  for  ISxperienfia  stultorum  ma- 

^"ignoramus '  to  be  played  every  year  that  they  may 
be  perfect,  and  on  their  election  day  a  mock  play. 

"  No  pictures  but « We  three.'  . 

«  Si  sapientior  fiat  ipso  facto  amoveatur,  nan  si  dochor, 
because  the  greatest  clerks  are  not  always  the  wisest 

he  be  honest  and  constant  expelletur,  he  is  not  un- 


D 


l     aprimer;    Tenteelly;  Howes'   C*jviifc.;| 

tatione,  Puerile*  ;  a  children's  dictionary;  Seneca, 

y  keep  their  Act,  Dr.  James  to  answer  in 


•  Lottery  —  Dr.  Sh.  being  out  of  office,  and  so 
parted'with  his  custom,  drew  a  pillow.  Dr.  Dan.  Price, 
'anchovies,'  and  could  not  draw  anything  but  victual. 

"  Statutes  «i»  grc.'— He  that  dies,  if  he  have  not  a  son 
worthy  to  succeed  him,  must  leave  one  of  the  Fellows 

•  Benefactor*.— Will.  Sommers,  Charles  Chester,  Patch, 
"Buble,"^[  &c.,  Fortuna  pracipue.  [Margin.  Tom  Cop- 
per of  Okingham.f] 

"  The  College  never  to  be  overthrown,  because  the 
world  cannot  stand  without  such  a  foundation.  There- 
fore these  willing  to  guide,  &c. 

"Exercis.  Scltol.— Disputations  Deanimaet  intelligentus 
forbidden.  An  de.  sensu  et  sensato?  They  must  maintain 
a  vacuum.  The  diversity  of  moons  in  divers  places,  with 
the  cheesy  substance  of  it. 

"  For  geography,  Sir  John  Mandeville's  Travels ;  and 
the  South  Indies." 

"  Exercises. — They  may  play  at  no  game  at  cards  but 
Noddy  and  Lodam.  "No  Christmas  pastime  but  blindman- 
buff,  push-pin,  and  blow- point;  no  race,  but  the  wild 
goose  race ;  no  walking  in  the  summer,  but  to  look  [for] 
birds'  nests — especially  the  cuckoo. 

"Apparel.—  Wear  no  gloves  but  calfs  skin,  yes,  and 
goose  skin ;  no  breeches  but  motley,  and  are  therefore  to 
have  all  old  cloak-bags  given  them  to  help  the  poorer  sort : 
and  these  to  be  kept  in  their  wardrobe  till  time  serve : 
they  are  to  pluck  off  their  fur  from  their  gown,  that  they 
may  prove  true  men.  A  feather  in  their  cap, — they 
cannot  be  too  light-headed. 

"  lAinds. — They  must  hold  nothing  in  capite,  but  as 
much  as  they  will  in  socage,  and  nothing  in  fee  tail  but 
fee  simple. 

**  Probationers. — None  admitted  till  past  twent3*-four, 
lest  he  prove  wiser,  and  so  be  cut  off  from  the  hope  of  the 
fellowship. 

"  He  may  be  chosen,  be  he  never  so  old,  if  he  be  able 
to  show  himself  juveuis  moribus,  et  sic  inidoneus  auditor. 


*  Many  of  the  books  and  authors  here  mentioned  are 
well  known — those  I  have  not  thought  it  necessary  to 
note.  Some  few  I  do  not  know. 

t  Wood  notices  Prince  Henry,  his  First  Anniversary 
1G13,  4to,  as  written  by  Dr.  Daniel  Price.  He  also 
preached  Prince  Henry's  funeral  sermon. 

J  Josias  Bird  published  Love's  Peerless  Paragon,  a 
sermon  on  Cant.  ii.  10,  in  1613.  He  was  chaplain  to 
Alice,  Countess  of  Derby.  See  Wood's  Fasti,  i.  334. 

§  Perhaps  the  Commentary  of  Cartwright,  the  Puritan 
on  the  Book  of  Proverbs. 

||   Howes's  Chronicle. 

Tf  Who  were  these? 


-  luwa.  ™«»«  chosen,  because,  being  senior  proctoi 
of  Cambridge,  the  University  refused  him  to  be  ^ the 
father  of  the TAct;  a  thing  not  known  before,  and  given 
him  for  his  worth.  c 

«  Morly  chosen  for  a  most  famous  sermon  made  at  bt. 
Mary's  in  Oxon,  upon  which  both  head  and  fellows  took 
such  a  liking  to  him  that  there  was  [a]  particular  statute 
for  him,  that  he  should  not  be  expelled  whatever  he 
committed,  but  still  be  thought  worthy  of  his  place 

"  Traveller's  place.— Coryat's  successors :  if  he  have  a 
child  eligible,  they  are  bound  to  elect  him.  No  man  may 
travel  but  in  the  Ship  of  Fools,  never  coming  near  the 
Cape  Bonse  Spei,  and  their  travel  must  be  most  toward 
<  Gotsland ' ;  Fooliana  the  fat ;  Morea.  . 

«  The  head  to  be  married  and  to  keepe  his  wife  m  the 
College,  that  the  children  may  be  right-bred. 

«  He  must  give  over  his  house  that  accepts  of  any  other 
)enetice  but  those  that  are  in  the  College  gift ;  but  with 
any  of  them  he  may  keep  his  house  as  long  as  he  will. 

"  They  must  roast  their  own  eggs,  but  their  fuel  to 
be  borrowed  out  of  the  town. 

«  Founders'  kinsmen.—  The  Dunces,  Half-heads,  Calfes, 
Medcalfes,  Woodcock?,  Blocks,  Goslings,  Wildgooses,. 
larebrains.  ,  ,  . . 

"  Election.  —  Their  election  to  be  at «  Cookoe   t  time 
nore  formally,  but  at  all  times  else  extra  ordwem,  b< 
cause  of  the  number  of  those  who  continually  will  be  pro- 
vided for  the  place. 

"  Pictures  to  be  set  up  in  their  quadrangles.— Qihavrla 
Assentatio,  Oblivio,  MtcroTrovia,  Voluptas,  Amentia,  De- 
.itiaj;  Duo  dii—  Ke^ioy,  Deus  comissationis,  NiJYperos 
'JTTVOS,  Dulcis  somnus. 

Among  other  rough  notes  intended  for  inser- 
tion in  their  proper  places  in  the  complete  work 
occur  the  following :  — 

"  Whereas  there  hath  been  a  foolish  and  sophistical 
book  intituled  An  Homo  sit  Asinui,  which  maketh  a  doubt 
of  that  question,  and  lastly  resolves  negatively :  that 
hereupon  there  may  be  a  college  which  shall  not  b}'  such 
quaint  and  sophisticate  quiddities,  but  by  most  gross  and- 
sensible  realities,  prove  the  whole  tract  to  be  false. 

"  No  physicians,  for  physicians  are  no  fools. 

"No  other  tongue  to  be  spoken  than  their  mother 
tongue,  lest  they  should  forget  that  to  which  they  were 
born,  and  ne  affectare  videantur  exotica. 

"  No  division  of  texts  in  sermons,  because  no  division 
must  be  in  the  Church. 

"  St.  Needes  [Neots?],ifitwerc  not  for  their  patroness, 
Fortune,  had  all  dwelt  there. 

"  Asses  to  be  kept  against  the  consumption  of  their 
wit. 

"  Young  Mr.  Linkes  to  be  schoolmaster  to  and  of  the 
seminaria  of  the  College. 


*  Of  Pembroke  Hall,  proctor  in  1611. 

t  Originally  written  "  at  Midsummer  moon." 


3«i  S.  V.  JAN.  2,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


"  Paul  Clapham,  another  of  the  seminary  schoolmasters. 

"  They  have  this  privilege  of  nature  newly  bestowed, 
that  their  old  men  shall  not  be  ever-  bis  pueri,  if  they 
make  a  good  choice  at  first. 

"  Tell  the  holes  of  a  sieve  on  both  sides. 

"  Excluduntur  medici.  1st.  Quia,  a  fool  or  a  physician. 
2nd.  Less  he  should  cure  the  rest.  3rd.  Lest  any  man 
that  is  sick  should  borrow  a  physician  hence  and  be 
worse. 

"  Domimis  Thomas  Lectus,  collegii  con -founder,  et  ob 
hoc  pre clarum  opus  jam  nuper rime  honor e  militis  assignatus. 

"The  schoolmen  foresaw  this  worthy  foundation  should 
be ;  otherwise  they  bad  never  distinguished  of 
f  Intellectualis, 

A       A'J.       I  Sensitivus, 
Appetites  J  NatvraliSt  which  no  where 

(.     else  is  to  be  found. 

"  They  must  swear  by  nothing  but  '  By  this  Cookoe,' 
or  'By  the  swine  tha't  taught  Minerva;'  « Juro  per 
anserem.' 

"  This  title,  '  Octavus  Sapiextum '  annexed  to  the 
headship." 

There  are  many  other  similar  random  jottings 
which  I  must  leave,  at  any  event  for  the  present, 
and  among  them  that  which  some  people  may 
esteem  the  most  curious  thing  of  the  whole, — the 
outline  of  perhaps  an  intended  Latin  play  upon 
the  same  subject.  It  is  divided  into  what  would 
have  been  acts  or  scenes,  and  the  first  of  them 
runs  thus :  — 

"  Ingrediuntur,  Dr.  Sampsonus,  Dr.  Danielus,  Albeeus> 
Equinus,  colloquentes  de  Oxonid,  relinquenda  et  Stan- 
fordiae  erigendo  collegio  suis  ingeniis  magis  digno.  Causas 
hujus  secessionis  enarrant,  prsepropere  faciendum.  Dr. 
Dan.  et  Albeeus  statuunt  statim  Stanfordiam  iter  facere, 
et  ibi  situm  commodissimum  designare.  Interea  Equinus 
recipit  se  apud  Vilpolum  rhetorem  insignem  acturum  ut 
literas  sua.sorias  ad  Dominum  Lectum  det,  qua?  istos  ad 
hoc  collegium  junctis  sumptibus  sediGcandum  efficaciter 
hortantur.  Exeunt." 

I  shall  feel  obliged  by  your  correspondents 
directing  me  to  any  sources  of  information  re- 
specting the  subject  to  which  these  curious  papers 
relate.  On  many  grounds  they  seem  to  me  to 
have  an  interest.  Unless  your  readers  think  so 
too,  I  fear  they  will  consider  that  I  have  trespassed 
very  unreasonably  upon  your  pages. 

JOHN  BRUCE. 

5,  Upper  Gloucester  Street,  Dorset  Square. 


A  STATE-PAPER  RECTIFIED. 

In  the  Miscellaneous  state  papers  which  were 
edited  by  the  second  earl  of  Hardwicke  in  1778, 
in  two  quarto  volumes,  we  have  various  specimens 
of  the  correspondence  of  James  I.  and  the  favorite 
Buckingham.  I  shall  not  presume  to  characterise 
the  letters  on  either  side,  unexampled  as  they  are 
in  some  particulars,  the  interpretation  of  an  ob- 
scure phrase  in  one  of  the  letters,  assigned  to  the 
year  1624,  being  the  main  object  of  this  note.  The 
extract  which  follows,  modernised  by  the  noble 
editor,  contains  the  phrase  in  question  :  — 


"  Duke  of  Buckingham  to  king  James, 
Dear  dad  and  gossip, 

In  one  of  your  letters  you  have  commanded  me  to 
write  shortly,  and  merrilj'.  *  *  *  This  inclosed  will  give 
you  an  account  of  the  Dunkirker's  ships.  By  this  little 
paper  you  will  understand  a  suit  of  fine  Hollands.  By 
the  other  parchment,  a  suit  of  my  Lord  President's.  Of 
all  do  but  what  you  please,  so  you  give  me  your  blessing, 
which  1  must  never  be  denied,  since  I  can  never  be  other 
than 

Your  Majesty's  most  humble  slave  and  dog, 

STEENIE." 

Now,  what  are  we  to  understand  by  a  suit  of 
fine  Hollands?  No  doubt  the  manuscript  has 
been  mis -read,  and  we  must  have  recourse  to 
another  text. 

In  1834  a  small  volume  entitled  Letters  of  the 
duke  and  duchess  of  Buckingham  made  its  appear- 
ance at  Edinburgh.  It  contains  the  above-de- 
scribed letter  printed  from  the  Balfour  papers 
LITERATIM,  and  the  extract  must  therefore  be 
repeated :  — 
"  Dere  dad  and  gossope, 

In  one  of  your  letters  you  have  commanded  me  to 
right  shortlie  and  merelie.  *  *  *  This  inclosed  will  give 
you  an  account  of  the  Dunkerkers  ships;  by  this  little 
paper  you  will  understand  a  sute  of  hue  Holland's,  by  this 
other  parchment  a  sute  of  my  Lord  Presidents ;  of  all  doe 
but  what  you  please,  so  you  give  me  your  blessing,  which 
I  must  never  be  denied,  since  I  can  never  be  other  than 
Your  Maty,  most  humble  slave  and  doge, 

STEENIE. 

I  have  forgotten  to  write  my  legable  hand  in  this  letter, 
forgive  me." 

The  editor  adds  this  note  to  the  mysterious 
phrase  —  "Hardwicke  makes  this  a  suit  of  fine 
Hollands"  But  the  critic  leaves  it,  with  regard  to 
the  majority  of  readers,  almost  as  much  a  mys- 
tery as  before  !  I  must  act  the  commentator. 
The  form  of  the  small  h  was  sometimes  used  as  a 
capital.  A  fac-simile  of  the  signature  of  sir  Henry 
Wotton  appears  thus,  henry  Wotton — so  hue  means 
Hugh. 

We  now  advance  to  1846.  The  same  letter 
was  edited  in  that  year  by  Mr.  Halliwell.  For 
hue  Holland  he  substitutes  Hugh  Holland,  and 
adds  this  note  —  "This  is,  of  course,  a  petition  of 
a  person  of  the  name  of  Hvgh  Holland" 

The  accumulation  of  materials  on  the  life  and 
writings  of  Shakspere,  the  splendor  of  the  volumes 
in  which  those  materials  are  embodied,  and  the 
recent  patriotic  proceedings  at  Stratford-upon- 
Avon,  have  obtained  for  Mr.  Halliwell  a  very 
eminent  position,  but  I  cannot  conceal  the  sur- 
prise which  I  felt  on  observing  that  he  had  failed 
to  recognise,  in  a  person  of  the  name  of  Hugh 
Holland,  the  pupil  of  Camden— the  friend  of  Ben. 
Jonson — the  eulogist  of  Shakspere  ! 

The  best  account  of  Hugh  Holland  is  given  by 
Fuller  in  his  Worthies  of  England,  1662.  (Wales, 
p.  16.) — but  it  is  devoid  of  dates.  The  Cypres 
garland  of  Holland,  1625,  4°.  also  contains  many 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3»'d  S.  V.  JAN.  2,  '64. 


particulars  of  his  career.    Besides  that  poem,  and 
Tome  fugitive  verses,  he  left  three  works ,  in  ma- 
nuscript,— 1.    A  metrical  description  of  the  chitf 
cities  of  Europe;  2.  A  chronicle  of  the  reign  ol 
Q  Elizabeth;  3.  A  memoir  of  Camden.   1  he  duke 
of'  Buckingham  was  his  patron,  and  h.s  service 
are  thus  recorded  :  — 
«  Then  vou  great  lord,  that  were  to  me  so  gracious, 

In  twenty  weeks  (a  time  not  very  spacious) 

To  cause'mc  thrice  to  kiss  (me  thrice  your  debtor; 

That  hand  which  bore  the  lilly- bearing  sceptre. 

It  is  very  probable  that  our  non -poetical  poet 
presented  one  of  the  three  manuscripts  on  each  of 
those  occasions.  Alas !  neither  the  praise  of  Cam- 
den,  nor  the  friendship  of  Ben.  Jonson,  nor  the 
patronage  of  Buckingham)  availed.  He  did  not 
obtain  the  favor  which  he  solicited  ;  and,  as  Fuller 
expresses  it,  he  "  grumbled  out  the  rest  of  his  life 
in  visible  discontentment."  He  died  at  \Vest- 
minster  in  1633,  and  letters  of  administration,  of 
which  an  attested  copy  is  in  my  possession,  were 
granted  to  his  son,  Arbettinm,  on  the  31  August. 

BOLTON  "" 

The  Terrace,  Barnes,  S.W. 


A  LAW  PASTORAL. 

The  Transactions  of  the  Northern  Circuit  are 
said  to  be  recorded  in  a  book  accessible  to  mem- 
bers of  the  circuit  only,  and  to  them  under  the 
understood  protection  of  "  private  and  confiden- 
tial." So  the  Northern  Circuit  keeps  to  itself  a 
large  amount  of  very  good  wit  till  it  becomes 
mouldy  —  a  word  which  may  be  applied  to  jokes 
when  the  circumstances  under  which  they  were 
made  are  forgotten.  Should  some  modern  Cneius 
Flavius  treat  this  book  as  the  Roman  did  that  of 
Appius  Claudius,  he  will  serve  the  public ;  but  I 
wish  it  to  be  understood  that  I  have  not  seen 
the  sacred  volume,  or  obtained  an  extract  bv 
treachery.  The  poem  which  I  offer  was  repeated 
to  me  by  one  remarkable  for  the  accuracy  of  his 
memory;  and  by  putting  down  what  I  remem- 
bered then,  and  hearing  scraps  quoted  by  others, 
I  think  I  can  give  a  satisfactory  copy. 

About  thirty  years  ago,  Joseph  Addison  joined 
the  Northern  Circuit.  Sir  Gregory  Lewin  had 
been  on  it  some  years.  Addison  had  been  a  pleader 
under  the  bar :  he  was  a  first-rate  lawyer,  a  good 
scholar,  and  a  thorough  gentleman.  He  was 
neither  p-dantic  nor  obtrusive,  but  he  loved  to 
talk  law  to  those  who  could  appreciate  it.  Sir 
Gregory  Lewin  broke  with  meteoric  brilliancy  on 
the  criminal  courts,  which  he  led  for  some  time— 
I  believe  till  he  died.  In  1834  he  published  A 
Report  of  Coxes  determined  on  the  Crown  Side  of 
the  Northern  Circuit,—*  marvellous  work,  well 
worth  an  hour's  perusal.  He  took  a  clumsy  note 
of  the  cases,  and  had  a  strange  style  in  writino- 


the  marginal  summary.  Take  two  examples  from 
consecutive  pages  (113,  114):  — "The  hand- 
writing of  prisoner,  not  in  itself  pnma  facie  evi- 
dence "of  forgery  ;  "  and  "  Possession  in  Scotland 
evidence  of  stealing  in  England."  I  could  not 
explain  what  follows  more  briefly.  Tb.3  Eclogue 
is  by  the  late  John  Leycester  Adolphus,  whose 
reputation  is  still  too  fresh  to  need  revival  by 
me.  The  best  part  of  the  wit  will  be  understood 
by  lawyers  only,  and  the  Common  Law  Procedure 
Act  is  making  much  of  it  obsolete.  The  next 
generation  will  know  no  more  about  it  than  the 
present  does  of  attornments;  but  I  think  you 
have  enough  of  us  among  your  readers  to  ex- 
cuse the  insertion  of  a  piece  which  I  know  Lord 
Macaulay  thought  the  best  imitation  he  ever  read. 
Persons  are  mentioned  of  whom  I  know  nothing. 
If  anything  interesting  is  known  about  them,  a 
statement  of  it  will  be  acceptable.  I  believe  all 
but  one  are  dead.  I  leave  a  blank  for  his  name, 
though  I  am  sure  he  would  relish  the  joke  even 
more  than  the  char. 

«  THE  CIRCUITEERS.    AN  ECLOGUE. 
SCENE  :   The  Banks  of  Windermere.—TmE :  Sunset. 

ADDISON,   LKWIN. 

Addison.  How  sweet,  fair  Windermere,  thy  waveless 

coast ! 
'Tis  like  a  goodly  issue  well  engrossed. 

Lewin.  How  sweet  the  harmony  of  earth  and  sky ! 
'Tis  like  a  well- concocted  alibi. 

A.  Pleas  of  the  crown  are  coarse,  and  spoil  one's  tact, 
Barren  of  fees,  and  savouring  of  fact. 

L.  Your  pleas  are  cobwebs,  narrower  or  wider, 
That  sometimes  catch  the  fly,  sometimes  the  spider. 

A.  Come  let  us  rest  beside  this  prattling  burn, 
And  sing  of  our  respective  trades  in  turn. 

L.  Agreed  :  our  song  shall  pierce  the  azure  vault ; 
For  Meade's  case  shows,  or  my  report's  in  fault, 
That  singing  can't  be  reckoned  an  assault,* 

A.  Who  shall  begin? 

L.  That  precious  right,  my  friend, 

I  freely  yield,  nor  care  how  late  I  end. 

A.  Vast  is  the  pleader's  rapture  when  he  sees 
The  classical  endorsement,  "  Pleasa  draw  Pleas." 

L.  Dear  are  the  words  —  1  ne'er  could    read  them 

frigidly,— 
"  We  have  no  case;  but  cross-examine  rigidly." 

A.  Blackhurst  is  coy,  but  sometimes  has  been  known 
To  strike  out  "  Hoggins"  and  write  "  Addison." 

L.  Me  Jackson  oft  deludes,  on  me  he  rolls, 
Fiendlike,  his  eye,  then  chucks  the  brief  to  Knowles. 

A.  Thoughts  much  too  deep  for  tears   pervade 

Court, 
When  I  assumpsit  bring,  and,  godlike,  wave  the  tort. 

L.  When  witnesses,  like  swarms  of  summer  flies, 
I  call  to  character  and  none  replies; 
Dark  Attride  gives  a  grunt ;  the  gentle  bail  iff  sighs. 

A.  A  pleading,  fashioned  of  the  moon's  pale  shine, 
I  love,  that  makes  a  youngster  new-assign. 

L.  I  love  to  put  a  farmer  in  a  funk, 
And  make  the  galleries  believe  he's  drunk. 

A.  Answer,  and  you  my  oracle  shall  be, 
How  a  sham  differs  from  a  real  plea. 

*  "  No  words  or  singing  are  equivalent  to  an  assault.' 
—Meade's  and  Belt's  case,  Lewin,  Cro.  Ca.  184. 


the 


3rd  S.  V.  JAN.  ?,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


L.  Tell  me  the  difference  first — 'tis  thought  immense, 
Between  a  naked  lie,  and  false  pretence. 
Now  let  us  gifts  exchange,  a  timely  gift 
Is  often  found  no  despicable  thrift. 

A.  Take  these,  well  worthy  of  the  Roxburgh  Club, 
Seven  counts  struck  out  in  Gobble  versus  Grubb. 

L.  Let  this  within  thy  pigeon-holt  s  be  packed, 
A  choice  conviction  on  the  Bum-boat  Act. 

A.  I  give  this  penknife  case,  since  giving  thrives, 
It  holds  ten  knives,  ten  hafts,  ten  blades,  ten  other  knives. 

L.  Take  this  bank-note,  the  gift  won't  be  my  ruin  ; 
'Twas  forged  by  Dale  and  Kirkwood,  see  1st  Lewin.* 

A.  Change  the  venire  knight;  your  tones  bewitch: 
But  too  much  pudding  chokes,  however  rich. 
Enough's  enough,  and  surplusage  the  rest, 
The  sun  no  more  gives  colour  to  the  west. 
And  one  by  one  the  pleasure-boats  forsake 
Yon  land  with  water  covered,  called  a  lake. 
'Tis  supper-time ;  the  inn  is  somewhat  far, 
Dense  are  the  dews,  though  bright  the  evening  star. 
And  .  .  .  might  drop  in  and  eat  our  char." 

AN  INNER  TEMPLAR. 


PARTICULARS  REGARDING  SIR  WALTER 
RALEIGH. 

Thirty  or  more  years  ago,  I  began  to  make  col- 
lections for  a  new  "Life  of  Sir  Walter  Raleigh  ;" 
but  the  publication  of  Tytler's  biography,  and 
another  subsequently  by  Mr.  Whitehead,  induced 
ine  to  forego  my  scheme.  I  find,  however,  among 
my  scattered  papers,  a  few  that  I  think  may,  some 
time  or  other,  be  of  use  to  those  who  are  looking 
for,  or  arranging,  additional  materials  ;  and,  as  I 
do  not  know  of  a  better  depository  for  them  than 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  I  add  two  or  three  of  them  now : 
hereafter,  if  acceptable,  I  will  transmit  others  for 
insertion.  There  are  so  many  memoirs  of  Sir 
Walter,  that  it  is  possible  I  may  include  some 
particulars  already  printed ;  but,  to  begin,  I  do 
not  believe  that  such  is  the  case  with  the  follow- 
ing information,  derived  from  the  original  ac- 
counts of  the  Lieutenant  of  the  Tower,  at  the 
time  when  Sir  Walter  Raleigh  and  his  friend  and 
coadjutor  Lawrence  Key  mis,  or  Kemys,  were 
in  custody  early  in  the  reign  of  James  I.  Of 
course,  this  was  only  about  the  middle  of  Raleigh's 
career ;  but  I  do  not  profess  to  observe  chrono- 
logical order  in  my  contributions  to  his  history, 
and  those  who  at  any  future  period  may  avail 
themselves  of  thorn  will  be  able  at  once  to  deter- 
mine to  what  dates  they  belong,  and  what  events 
they  illustrate.  The  first  account  is  thus  headed  :— 

"  The  demaundes  of  Sir  George  Harvie,  Knight,  Lieut* 
of  the  Tower  of  London,  for  the  diett  and  charges  of 
Prisoners  in  his  custodie  for  one  whole  quarter  of  a  yeare, 
viz.  from  Michaelmas,  1603,  to  Christmas  following." 

After  a  statement  of  the  charge  on  account  of 
"  the  late  Lord  Cobham,  and  the  late  Lord  Gray," 
we  arrive  at  this  entry  :  — 

*  Kirk  wood's  case,  Lewin,  Cro,  Ca.  143. 


"  Sr  Walter  "|    Item  for  the  diett  and  charges  of  Sr  Wai- 
Raleigh,    Vter  Raleigh,  Knight,  for  himself  and  two 
Knight,    j  servants,  from  the  16  Decr,  being  then  sent 
from  Winchester  to  the  Tower  againe,  for 
one  weeke  and  a  half  ended  the  xxvth  of 
December,  att  iiiju  the  weeke  -        -  vj11." 

"  Lawrence"|    Item  for  the  diett  and  charges  of  Lawrence 

Kemishe,  >  Kemishe,  Esquior,  from  the  29th  Sept.  1603, 

Esquior.   )  untill  the  last  of  December,  on  which  day 

he  was  discharged  from  the  Tower,  being 

14  weekes  and  two  dayes,  at  xl8  the  weeke 

xxviiju  xj»  viij*.'* 

Here  we  see  the  precise  charge  made  for  Ra- 
leigh, and  that  he  was  attended  by  two  servants ; 
but  no  servant  is  mentioned  in  the  entry  for 
Kernys,  who  we  know  was  often  examined  and 
questioned  as  to  his  complicity  with  Sir  Walter 
and  his  friends,  in  the  plot  for  which  they  were 
tried  at  Winchester.  The  next  account  relates 
to  the  Fleet  Prison,  to  which  it  should  seem  both 
Raleigh  and  Kemys  had  been  removed  :  it  is  from 
Christmas,  1603,  to  the  feast  of  the  Annunciation, 
1604.  It  is  in  this  form  :  — 

"  Sir  Walter  1    Item  more  for  the  diett  and  charges  in 
Raleigh,      Vthe  Fleete  of  Sir  Walter  Raleigh,  Knight, 
Knigbt.      J  and  two  servants,  for  two  weekes  and  a 
halfe,  at  v11  the  weeke   -        -     xij11  x8." 

The  charge,  therefore,  for  Sir  Walter  was 
greater  in  the  Fleet  than  it  had  been  in  the 
Tower :  for  Kemys,  who  accompanied  him,  it  was 
the  same  as  in  the  Tower,  viz. :  — 

"  Lawrence )    Item  for  the  diett  and  charges  of  Law- 
Kemishe.  j  rence  Kemishe,  from  25  Decr,  1603,  untill 
the  last  thereof,  being  one  weeke  at  xl8  the 
weeke  --..---    xl»." 

Here  we  see  that  no  addition  of  Esquire  was 
made  to  the  name  of  Kemys  while  he  was  confined 
in  the  Fleet.  It  is  to  be  presumed  that  he  was 
discharged  at  the  end  of  the  week  ;  and  we  meet 
with  no  farther  mention  of  him,  on  this  authority, 
in  either  place  of  confinement.  Of  Raleigh  we 
next  hear  after  his  return  to  the  Tower,  in  an 
account  by  the  Lieutenant,  from  the  feast  of  the 
Annunciation,  1604,  to  the  feast  of  St.  John  the 
Baptist  in  the  same  year.  The  charge  is  for 
thirteen  weeks;  not  at  41.  per  week,  as  in  the 
first  instance,  but  at  51.  per  week,  as  in  the  Fleet ; 
and  the  total  is  65/.  The  latest  account  by  the 
Lieutenant  of  the  Tower,  that  I  was  able  to  pro- 
cure a  sight  of,  was  down  to  June  24,  1605  ;  when 
the  charge  of  51.  per  week  for  Raleigh  and  his 
two  servants  was  continued. 

I  may  mention  by  the  way,  and  as  a  biogra- 
phical note  of  some  interest,  connected  with  the 
i'ate  of  Henry  Constable,  author  of  the  beautiful 
sonnets  published  in  1592  under  the  title  of 
Diana,  that  he  was  in  the  Tower  for  ten  weeks  in 
1604,  between  the  feasts  of  the  Annunciation  and 
St.  John  ;  and  that  the  charge  by  the  Lieutenant, 
for  keeping  and  maintaining  him,  was  31.  per 
week.  In  the  next  account  nothing  is  said  of 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 


[3rd  S.  V.  JAN.  2,  '64. 


him  ;  so  that  we  may  infer  that  he  was  no  longer 
in  custody  there. 

Reverting  to  Kemys,  it  may  be  farther  stated, 
that  there  is  extant  from  him,  but  never  yet 
printed  that  I  am  aware  of,  a  long  letter  to  the 
Earl  of  Salisbury,  dated  August  15  [1604],  deny- 
ing the  truth  of  any  allegations  against  him  ;  and 
bearing  testimony  to  his  long  friendship  for,  and 
dependence  upon,  Sir  Walter  Raleigh.  ^  Kemys, 
as  is  well  known,  afterwards  destroyed  himself  on 
shipboard  in  a  fit  of  grief  and  despondency  at 
the  unmerited  anger  of  Raleigh,  who  had  been 
his  effectual  patron. 

Among  my  miscellaneous  papers,  connected  with 
the  long  and  friendly  intercourse  between  Raleigh 
and  Lord  Cobham,  tried  together  at  Winchester, 
I  have  met  with  the  following  letter,  which  bears 
the  date  only  of  "  12th  August,"  but  in  what  pre- 
cise year  I  am  unable  at  this  moment  to  deter- 
mine :  perhaps  some  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
will  be  in  a  condition  to  supply  the  year  from 
circumstances  mentioned  in  it.  It  is  addressed  — 

"  To  the  right  honorable  my  singular  good  Lorde,  the 
Lord  Cobham,  Lo.  Warden  of  the  five  Ports,"  &c. 

"  My  worthy  Lorde,  —  I  am  now  arived,  having  stayde 
so  long  as  I  had  means.  I  caused  the  Antelope  to  be 
revitled  for  14  dayes,  which  was  as  much  as  that  place 
could  afforde ;  and  that  being  spent,  I  durst  not  tarry  to 
cum  home  towards  winter  in  a  fisherman.  I  presume 
there  is  no  cause  to  doubt  it :  the  castells  are  defensibell 
enough,  the  country  reasonabell  well  provided,  and  the 
Spaniards  will  either  do  some  what  more  prayse  worthy, 
or  attend  a  better  opportunitye.  I  am  reddy  now  to  obey 
your  commandments.  If  you  will  come  to  the  Bathe,  I 
will  not  faile  yow,  or  what  soever  else  your  L.  will  use 
me  in  in  this  worlde. 

"  I  will  now  looke  for  the  L.  Henry  of  Northumber- 
land^ who,  I  think,  will  be  here  shortly,  knowing  my 
returne ;  and  I  doubt  not  but  he  will  meet  us  also  att  the 
Bathe,  if  your  L.  acquaynt  hyme  with  the  tyme.  It  is 
best,  if  your  L.  propose  it,  to  take  the  end  of  this  moneth 
att  farthest. 

"I  here  that  the  Lord  Chamberlayn  is  dead :  if  it  be 
so,  I  hope  that  your  L.  may  be  stayde  uppon  good  cause : 
if  it  b«  not  so,  I  could  more  willingly  cum  eastward  then 
ever  I  did  in  my  life.  How  so  ever  [it]  be,  they  be  but 
things  of  the  worlde,  by  which  thos  that  have  injoyed 
them  have  byne  aa  littell  happy  as  other  poore  men ;  but 
the  good  of  these  thinges  wilbe,  that  while  men  are  of 
necessity  to  draw  lotts,  they  shall  hereby  see  their 
chanses,  and  dispose  them  selves  accordingly.  I  beseech 
'our  L.  that  I  may  here  from  yow:  from'hence  I  can 

sent  yow  with  nothinge  but  my  fast  love  and  trew 
tion,  which  shall  never  part  from  studying  to  honor 
yow  till  I  be  in  the  grave. 

«  WemoQth,  the  12  of  August.  "  W'  RALEGH' 

[P.S.]  "  My  L.  Vicount  hath  so  exalted  Micros'  sutes 

agaynst  me  in  my  absence,  as  neather  M'  Sergent  Heale 

nor  any  one  else,  could  be  hard  for  me  to  stay  trialls 

while  1  was  out  of  the  land  in  her  Majesties  seYvice,  a 

right  anu  curtesy  afforded  to  every  begger.     I  never 

busied  mysealf  with  the  Vicount,  neather^  of  his  extor- 

as  or  poisonings  of  his  wife,  as  it  is  here  avowed  and 

I  have  forborne  hyti.e  in  respect  of  my  L 

Thomas,  and  chiefly  because  of  M'  Secretory  who  in  his 


love  to  my  L.  Thomas  hathe  wisht  mee  to  it :  but  I  will 
not  indure  wrong  at  so  pevishe  a  foole's  hand  any 
longer.  I  will  rather  loose  my  life ;  and  I  think  that  my 
L.  puritan  Periam  doeth  think  that  the  Queen  shall  have 
more  use  of  roggs  and  villayns  then  of  mee,  or  els  he 
would  not  att  Byndon's  instance  have  yielded  to  try  ac- 
tions agaynst  me,  being  out  of  the  lande." 

The  whole  of  the  above  is  in  the  handwriting 
of  Raleigh,  as  well  as  the  following  document, 
which  may  serve  to  explain  what  is  said  in  the 
P.S.  regarding  Mieres. 

"  Know  all  men  that  I  S*  Walter  Ralegh,  Knightr 
Capitaine  of  her  maties  Gard,  and  Lord  Warden  of  the 
Stanneries  of  Devon  and  Cornwall,  doe  hereby  aucthorise 
John  Meere,  my  man,  to  take,  cutt,  and  cary  away,  ov 
cause  to  be  cutt  downe,  taken,  and  caryed  awaye,  all  such 
manner  of  Trees,  growinge  in  my  manor  of  Sherborne,  or 
else'wher  within  any  other  my  manors,  or  lands,  in  the 
hundreds  of  Sherborne,  or  Yedmyster  in  the  county  of 
Dorset,  when  he  shall  think  convenient,  to  be  employed 
to  my  necessarie  use  in  my  castell  of  Sherborne,  as  to 
hym  I  have  gy ven  dyrection :  whom  I  have  appointed  as 
well  keper  of  the  same  castell,  and  to  demand  and  keepe 
the  kayes  of  the  same,  as  also  to  be  overseer  of  all  my 
woods  and  tymber  within  the  sayd  hundreds,  that  no 
spoyle  be  made  therein;  or  of  any  Fesaunts,  or  other 
game  of  the  free  warren  whatsoever,  within  the  same. 
Sloreover  I  doe  aucthorise  him  hereby  to  receave  to  my 
use  all  knowledge  mone}-,  dew  unto  mee  by  my  tenauntes 
within  the  sayd  hundreds.  In  witnes  where  of  I,  the 
the  sayd  Sr  Walter  Ralegh,  have  here  unto  put  my  hand 
and  seale  the  xxviijth  daye  of  Auguste  in  the  xxxiiijth 
yeare  of  the  Saigne  of  our  Soveraigne  Lady  Elizabeth, 
by  the  grace  of  God  Queene  of  England,  Fraunce,  and 
Ireland,  defender  of  the  Faythe,  &c.  W.  RALEGH." 

Out  of  this  deed  of  1586,  no  doubt,  grew  the 
lawsuit  between  Raleigh  and  Meere,  which  Jus- 
tice Periam  had  heard  during  the  absence  of  Sir 
Walter  from  England.  J.  PAYNE  COLLIER. 

Maidenhead. 


FASHIONABLE  QUARTERS  OF  LONDON. 

[NO.  n.] 

Though  York  House  (late  Norwich  House),  in 
the  Strand,  was  granted  to  Archbishop  Heath  by 
Queen  Mary,  for  the  town  residence  of  the  Arch- 
bishops of  York,  in  lieu  of  their  former  palace 
seized  by  Henry  VIII.,  it  is  doubtful  whether  he 
or  any  of  his  successors  ever  inhabited  it :  for  Sir 
Nicholas  Bacon  was  residing  in  it,  certainly  a& 
early  as  the  second  year  of  Elizabeth's  reign.  He 
had  previously  resided  in  Noble  Street,  Foster 
Lane,  Cheapside,  in  a  house  which  he  built, 
called  Bacon  House. 

Of  the  London  residence  of  Queen  Elizabeth's* 

!  next  Lord  Chancellor,  Sir  Thomas  Bromley,  there 

1  is  no  record ;  but  it  is  not  improbable  that  he 

also^  inhabited  York  House,  inasmuch  as  several 

of  his  successors  did. 

Lord  Chancellor  Sir  Christopher  ITatton  had  a 

grant  of  the  Bishop  of  Ely's  house,  in  Holborn, 

I  long  before  he  had  possession  of  the  Great  Seal, 


3*d  S.  V.  JAN.  2,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


9 


and  continued  to  reside  in  it  till  his  death.  His 
name,  and  the  bishop's  title,  are  preserved  in  the 
streets  built  upon  its  site. 

Sir  Christopher's  successor,  Sir  John  Puckering, 
who  was  only  Lord  Keeper,  lived  at  first  at  Rus- 
sell House,  near  Ivy  Bridge,  in  the  Strand.  He 
then  removed  to  York  House,  under  a  lease  from 
the  archbishop ;  which  enabled  his  widow  to  keep 
possession  for  a  year  after  his  death. 

At  the  end  of  that  yearv  the  archbishop  granted 
a  new  lease  to  Sir  Thomas  Egerton,  Queen  Eliza- 
beth's next  Lord  Keeper ;  who  resided  in  it  till 
his  death,  in  1617;  having  been  created  Lord 
Chancellor  by  James  I.,  and  ennobled  with  the 
titles  of  Baron  Ellesmere  and  Viscount  Brackley. 

King  James's  second  Chancellor,  Lord  Bacon, 
after  residing  for  a  short  time  in  Dorset  House, 
Fleet  Street,  removed  to  York  House>  the  place 
of  his  birth ;  which,  soon  after  his  disgrace,  be- 
came the  property  of  the  Duke  of  Buckingham  ; 
and  within  fifty  years  was  converted  into  various 
streets  and  alleys,  now,  or  lately,  designated  by 
the  names  and  titles  of  that  nobleman — George 
Street,  Villiers  Street,  Duke  Street,  Of  Alley, 
and  Buckingham  Street. 

Sir  Thomas  Coventry,  Lord  Coventry,  Lord 
Keeper  to  Charles  I.,  died  in  Durham  House,  in 
the  Strand— now  the  site  of  the  Adelphi.  The 
Lord  Keeper's  country  house  was  at  Canonbury, 
Islington. 

I  do  not  know  the  residences  of  King  Charles's 
three  remaining  Lord  Keepers  —  Sir  John  Finch 
Lord  Finch  of  Fordwich  ;  Sir  Edward  Lyttelton, 
Lord  Lyttelton  of  Mounslow ;  and  Sir  Richard 
Lane.  Nor  can  I  trace  with  any  certainty  the 
London  houses  of  the  Commissioners  of  the  Great 
Seal  during  the  Commonwealth. 

The  Earl  of  Clarendon,  the  first  Lord  Chan- 
cellor of  Charles  II.  after  the  Restoration,  resided 
at  first  in  Dorset  House,  Fleet  Street,  before 
mentioned  as  an  early  residence  of  Lord  Bacon ; 
then  at  Worcester  House  in  the  Strand,  the  same 
as  Russell  House,  where  Sir  John  Puckering  had 
for  some  time  resided  as  Lord  Keeper  in  the 
reign  of  Elizabeth  ;  and  lastly,  at  the  splendid 
mansion  he  built  at  the  top  of  St.  James's  Street. 

Sir  Orlando  Bridgeman,  who  succeeded  the 
Earl,  while  he"  held  the  Seal  resided  in  Essex 
House  in  the  Strand — now  the  site  of  Essex 
Street. 

Anthony  Ashley  Cooper,  Earl  of  Shaftesbury, 
while  he  held  the  office  of  Lord  Chancellor,  re- 
sided in  Exeter  House  in  the  Strand,  where 
Exeter  Street  and  Burleigh  Street  now  are.  The 
Earl  afterwards  lived  atThanet  House,  in  Alders- 
gate  Street,  where  several  of  the  nobility  had 
mansions  in  that  reign. 

Sir  Heneage  Finch,  Earl  of  Nottingham,  the 
next  Chancellor,  resided  at  Kensington  in  a  man- 
sion which  has  since  become  a  royal  palace ;  but 


he  also  had  a  town  house  in  Great  Queen  Street, 
Lincoln's  Inn  Fields,  where  he  died. 

Sir  Francis  North,  Lord  Guilford,  who  was 
Lord  Keeper  to  Charles  II.  and  James  II.,  resided 
when  he  was  entrusted  with  the  Great  Seal  in  a 
great  brick  house,  near  Serjeants'  Inn  in  Chan- 
cery Lane.  His  brother,  in  his  entertaining 
biography  of  the  Lord  Keeper,  intimates  that  he 
removed  to  some  other  house ;  but,  as  far  as  I 
recollect,  omits  to  name  where  it  was  situate. 

The  infamous  Chief  Justice  Jeffreys,  the  last 
Chancellor  of  James  II.,  heard  causes  in  his  house 
in  Duke  Street,  Westminster. 

Lest  I  should  fatigue  your  readers,  and  occupy 
too  much  of  your  space,  I  will  stop  here,  and 
commence  my  next  contribution  with  the  Revo- 
j  lution.  EDWARD  Foss. 


RYE -HOUSE  PLOT  CARDS. 

I  have  met  with  a  nearly  perfect  pack  of  play- 

!  ing-cards,  ornamented  with  figures  and  inscrip- 

|  tions,  all  of  which  relate  to  the  celebrated  Rye- 

I  House  Plot.     The  cards  are  distinguished  by  the 

!  mark  of  the  suit,  usually  on  the  right-hand  upper 

i  corner,  but  in  some  of  the  suit  of  Diamonds,  and 

!  the  ten  of  Spades,  on  the  left-hand  upper  corner. 

The  number  in  the  suit   is  indicated   by  the 

Roman  numerals,  i ,  ii.,  &c.,  to  x.,  and  then  by  the 

:  words,  Knave,   Queen,   King.      The   figures  on 

j  these  last  court  cards  have  no  relation  to  their 

i  character  as  cards.     Twelve  cards  are  missing — 

|  namely,  the  iv.  and  vii.  of  Hearts;  the  iii.,  vi.,  viii., 

and  x.  of  Diamonds  ;  the  iii.,  iv.,  ix.,  and  King  of 

Spades ;  and  the  i.  and  x.  of  Clubs. 

The  figures  upon  the  suit  of  Clubs  are  as  fol- 
lows : — 
i.  Missing. 

ii.  Figure  of  a  man  resting  on  a  walking-si  ick, 
!  and  the  inscription  "West  going  downe  to  White- 
|  hall." 

iii.  A  man  going  to  a  door,  with  the  inscription 
|  "  Keeling  going  to  the  Ld  Dart." 

iv.  A  man,  wearing  a  hat  and  robed,  sitting, 
•  and  another  man  standing  before  him  with  his  hat 
1  in  his  hand.     Inscription,  "Keeling  examined  by 
Sr  L.  lenkins." 

v.  A  man,  wearing  a  sword  and  hat,  with  words 
from  his  mouth,  "  I  beg  the  King's  mercy,"  bow- 
ing to  another  man  in  an  official  dress.  Inscrip- 
tion, "  C.  Rumsey  delivering  himselfe." 

vi.  Two  men  in  official  robes,  one  of  them 
wearing  a  hat,  standing  at  a  table,  examining 
another  man,  behind  stands  a  guard.  Inscription^ 
"Rumsey  examined  by  the  King  and  Councell." 

vii.  A  man  in  a  hat  writing  at  a  table,  the 
words  from  his  mouth  "  I  must  discover  all."    In- 
I  scription,  "West  writing  a  letter  to  Sr  G.  J." 
viii.  One   man,   attended   by   a  guard  with  a 


10 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


13rd  S.  V.  JAN.  2,  '64. 


javelin,  arresting  another  man  from  behind.  In- 
scription, "Lord  Grey  Apprehended." 

ix.  The  Tower  of  London  in  the  back  ground. 
A  man  in  a  hat  and  flowing  wig  landing  from  a 
boat,  received  "by  another  man  ;  a  coach  standing 
by.  Inscription,  "Lord  Grey  making  his  Escape." 

x.  Missing. 

Knave.  A  man  in  gown  and  bands,  with  the 
words  from  his  mouth,  "  Fight  the  Lairde's  bat- 
tle." Inscription,  "Ferguson  the  Independent 
Parson." 

Queen.  In  the  front,  a  man  standing  by  an 
overturned  cart ;  at  a  distance  a  coach  and  six  on 
the  road.  Inscription,  "  A  conspirator  overturn- 
ingji  cart  to  stop  the  King's  coach." 

King.  A  nobleman  sitting  in  an  arm-chair,  with 
the  words  from  his  mouth,  "  Assist  me  friends." 
Behind  him  a  shadowy  black  figure  with  horns, 
evidently  the  evil  spirit,  holding  the  back  of  his 
chair.  Inscription,  "  The  Lord  Shaftsbury." 

The  six  of  Hearts  has  a  representation  of  the 
execution  of  Lord  Russell,  with  the  inscription, 
"  Ld  Russell  beheaded  in  Lincoln's  Lin  Feilds." 

This  may  be  sufficient  to  give  a  notion  of  these 
very  curious  cards ;  and  I  should  be  glad  to  know 
whether  any  other  copy  of  them  is  known  to  be 
in  existence.  T.  C. 


THE  LAPWING:  WITCHCRAFT.  —  In  looking  over 
an  old  French  book  a  few  days  since  I  met  with  a 
word  which  caused  me  some  vexatious  research. 
The  author  tells  his  readers  how  they  may  render 
themselves  invisible,  and  his  directions  are  —  "To 
wear  a  wig  made  of  the  hairs  of  a  person  who  has 
been  hung,  having  first  had  the  wig  steeped  in 
the  blood  of  une  pupu"  I  sought  for  the  mean- 
ing of  pupu  in  Chambaud's  quarto  French  and: 
English  Dictionary,  in  French  and  Latin,  French 
and  German,  French  and  Spanish,  French  and  Por- 
tuguese, French  and  Dutch  dictionaries  in  vain  ; 
but  at  last  discovered  that  the  word  was  obsolete, 
and  synonymous  with  the  modern  huppe,  and  in 
English  signifies  a  lapwing,  peewit,  and  hoopoe  ; 
that  in  Latin  it  is  upupa;  in  Greek,  *7re»(/;  in  Ger- 
man Wicdehopf;  in  Dutch,  kievet;  in  Italian,  bub- 
bola  ;  in  Spanish,  avefria  ;  in  Portuguese,  pavon- 
cmo;  and  that  it  is  our  old  Ovidian  friend,  the 
naughty  Tereus,  who  fell  in  love  with  his  sister- 
law,  Philomela,  whose  tongue  he  cut  out  lest 
she  should  tell  his  wife  how  badly  he  had  behaved  • 
and  who  afterwards  dined  upon  the  remains  of 
his  son  Itys  I  traced  the  pupu  afterwards 
from  Ovid  Met  vi.  672,  673,  674;  to  Virgil, 
Eclog  vi.  78  ;  to  Plautus,  Copt.  Act  V.  Sc.  4,  Hne 
7  ;  and  found  honourable  mention  made  of  it  in 
I  Imv  s  Natural  History,  in  .Elian,  De  Animal  i. 

;1U-  2;  VI6     X'  16     xvi 


K-        ,n;  VI,V16;     '  nas, 

ib.  i.  c.  40.     ^  |,slt  I  wish  to  know  is,  does  the 
Jnpwmg,  so  remarkable  a  bird  in  ancient  lore  and 


legend,  and  an  ingredient  in  mediaeval  French 
magic,  hold  any  importance  in  the  folk  lore  of 
England  ? 

I  append  in  the  original  the  receipt  for  making 
one's  self  invisible  :  — 

"  Porter  une  peruque  faite  des  cheveux  d'un  pendu,  et 
trempee  dans  le  sang  d'une  pupu,  afin  de  se  rendre  in- 
visible." 

W.  B.  MACCABE. 

Dinan,  Cotes  du  Nord,  France. 

JOHN  ROWE,  SERJEANT-AT-LAW. —  Several  in- 
quiries have  been  made  in  previous  volumes  re- 
specting Serjeant  Rowe.  From  an  Inq.  p.  m.  at 
Exeter  Castle,  Oct.  28,  35  Henry  VIII.,  it  ap- 
pears he  died  on  the  8th  of  October,  leaving  a  son 
of  the  same  name,  aged  thirty-five  years  and  up- 
wards, a  widow  Agnes,  and  property  in  Dart- 
mouth, Totnes,  &c.,  &c.  Another  copy  states, 
that  his  son  John  was  thirty  years  of  age,  and  his 
wife's  name  Mary. 

It  will  be  seen  from  the  above,  that  Serjeant 
Rowe  was  closely  connected  with  Devonshire ; 
and  that,  therefore,  the  statement  in  the  Rowe 
pedigree  (Harl.  MS.,  1174),  that  he  was  the  son 
of  John  Rowe,  of  Rowes  Place,  Kent,  is  highly 
improbable. 

A  family  of  the  name  of  Rowe,  or  Roe,  had 
been  seated  in  the  West  of  England  for  at  least 
a  century  before  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII. 

C.  J.  R. 

CHARLES  LLOYD,  the  poet,  the  friend  of  Words- 
worth, Lamb,  and  Southey,  died  at  Chaillot,  near 
Paris,  January  16,  1839,  aged  64.  (Gent.  Mag. 
N".  S.  xi.  335.)  He  was  son  of  Charles  Lloyd, 
Esq.,  banker  of  Birmingham ;  was  born  in  that 
town,  and  privately  educated  by  Mr.  Gilpin.  On 
August  31,  1798,  being  twenty-three  years  of  age, 
he  was  admitted  a  Fellow  Commoner  of  Cains 
College,  but  never  graduated.  The  late  Mr. 
Justice  Talfourd,  in  his  Memorials  of  Charles 
Lamb,  referring  to  the  year  1799,  says  :  "  Lloyd 
had  become  a  graduate  of  the  University."  This 
is  a  mistake ;  but  it.  must  be  observed  that 
another  Charles  Lloyd,  a  native  of  Norfolk,  pro- 
ceeded B.A.  at  Emmanuel  College  in  that  very 
year.  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPEB. 

Cambridge. 

CAMBRIDGE  TRADESMEN  IN  1635.  —  Aristippus 
loq. :  — 

"Tis  beere  that  drowns  the  soules  in  their  bodies. 
Z/wsow's  cakes,  and  Paix  his  ale,  hath  frothed  their  braines : 
hence  is  the  whole  tribe  contemned ;  every  prentice  can 
jeere  at  their  brave  Cassockes,  and  laugh  the  Velvet  Caps 
out  of  countenance." — Randolph,  Aristippus,  1635,  p.  12. 

^  Topicks  or  Common-places  are  the  Tavernes;  and 
Jfamnn,  Wolfe,  and  Farlowes,  are  the  three  best  tutors  in 
the  Universities."— Aristippus,  1635,  p.  15. 

J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 


3rd  S.  V.  JAX.  2,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


11 


ROBESPIERRE'S  REMAINS. — 

"  The  mortal  remains  of  Robespierre,  St.  Just,  and 
LebaV'  says  the  Patrie,  "have  just  been  discovered  by 
some  workmen  occupied  in  digging  the  foundations  of  a 
house  at  the  Batignolles,  at  the  angle  of  the  Rue  du 
Rocher  and  the  old  Chemin  de  Ronde.  Those  men,  who 
played  80  important  a  part  in  the  Revolution,  were  buried 
at  the  above  spot ;  the  cemetery  of  the  Madeleine  being 
too  full  at  the  period  of  their  death  to  admit  of  fresh 
interments." — Leeds  Mercury,  Nov.  5,  1863. 

GRIME. 


OLD  LATIN  ARISTOTLE. — In  a  volume  of  Latin 
Sermones,  printed  at  Cologne,  and  in  the  original 
binding,  I  have  found  parts  of  two  leaves  of  an 
early  edition  of  Aristotle  in  Latin.  I  know  that 
they  are  early,  because  of  the  contractions,  of  the 
Gothic  letters,  and  by  the  omission  of  the  first 
letter  of  quoniam,  which  was  to  have  been  sup- 
plied by  hand.  I  give  a  short  extract  belo\v,  and 
I  know  that  it  Li  from  the  4th  book,  near  the 
beginning  of  the  treatise  ';De  Aninia;"  and  that 
it  is  not  the  translation  in  the  folio,  Paris,  1629. 
The  page  is  printed  in  columns,  just  two  inches 
wide.  As  far  as  potentia,  in  the  extract,  the  Ger- 
man-text letters  are  half  an  inch  high. 

"  [qluoniam  an|te  eade  potenjtia  ||  Postq;  phus  deter- 
mine vit  qua  si  queda  pambula  |  ad  potencia,  vegetativa 
hie  incipit  |  determinate  de  ipa  &  duo  facit.  qr.  | '' 

Will  some  of  your  bibliographical  readers  be 
so  kind  as  to  tell  me  the  edition  to  which  my 
fragment  belongs  ?  WM.  DAVIS. 

Oscott. 

JOHN  BARCROFT.— In  "  N.  &  Q  ,"  3rd  S.  iv.  187, 
it  is  stated  that  Laurence  Halsted,  Keeper  of  the 
Records  in  the  Tower  of  London,  was  born  in 
1638,  and  married  Alice,  daughter  of  John  Bar- 
croft,  Esq.  Is  anything  known  of  John  Barcroft  ? 
There  was  a  John  Barcroft,  perhaps  his  son, 
whose  history  presents  some  remarkable  features. 
He  was  one  of  Cromwell's  officers  in  Ireland, 
where  it  is  to  be  supposed  that  he  did  good  service, 
as  he  was  rewarded  with  the  estate  of  Castle  Car- 
bery,  near  Edenderry,  the  name  of  which  be 
changed,  according  to  the  fashion  of  the  times,  to 
Ask  Hill.  The  Castle  Carbery  estate  reverted,  on 
the  Restoration,  to  the  Colleys  or  Cowleys,  ances- 
tors of  the  Duke  of  Wellington,  to  whom  it  had 
belonged  from  the  time  of  Queen  Elizabeth.  John 
Barcroft,  sickened  perhaps  by  the  scenes  of  blood 
which  he  had  witnessed  during  his  service  under 
Cromwell,  joined  the  sect  of  Quakers,  and  be- 
came one  of  the  principal  founders  of  the  Quaker 
colony  at  Balitore,  co.  Kildare,  respecting  which 
some  interesting  particulars  are  given  in  the  Lead- 
beater  Papers.  URSAGELLUS. 
Ceylon, 


CENOTAPH  TO  THE  79TH  REGIMENT  AT  CLIFTON. 

Sir  William  Draper,  nearly  a  hundred  years  a^o, 
erected  in  his  garden  at  Clifton,  near  Bristol,  a 
cenotaph  in  memory  of  the  officers  and  soldiers  of 
the  79th  regiment  who  fell  during  the  war  in  the 
middle  of  the  last  century.      This   memorial   is 
alluded  to  in  the  Ann.  Reg.   1768,  vol.  xi.  236 
!  (6th  edit.   1800).     The  inscription,  which   is   in 
j  Latin,  is  given  in  the  Gent.  Mag.  1792,  vol.  Ixii. 
|  parti,  p.  168;  and  a  translation  of  it  occurs  in 
j  the  same  volume  at  p.   162.     According  to  the 
I  Gent.  Mag.  1789,  vol.  lix.  part  n.  p.  607,  it  would 
,  seem  that  under  the  base  of  the  sarcophagus  the 
exploits  of  the  regiment  in  the  East  Indies  are 
I  particularised,  and  the  names  added  of  thirty-four 
|  officers  who  were  killed  in  action.     These  names, 
as  far  as  I  have  been  able  to  learn,  riot  having 
been  copied  into  any  journal,  I  would  suggest, 
against  the   chances   of  that   obliteration    which 
time  and  the  weather  work  on  all  exposed  monu- 
ments, that  one  of  your  Clifton  or  Bristol  readers, 
interested  in  preserving  the  records  on  such  me- 
morials, impose  on  himself  the  task  of  sending  you 
a  list  of  the  names  of  those  brave  fellows  for  in- 
sertion in  **  N.  &  Q."     To  your  military  readers 
and  others  no  doubt  such  a  list  would  be  useful, 
more  so  as  the  London  Gazettes  of  the  period — the 
chief  source  of  reference  in  many  instances — only 
note  the  deaths  in  war  by  totals. 

For  purposes  of  identity,  the  names  should  be 
followed  by  any  other  information,  such  as  dates, 
and  the  names  of  the  battles  and  sieges  in  which 
the  officers  lost  their  lives,  if  such  particulars  occur 
on  the  cenotaph.  M.  S.  R. 

WILLIAM  CHAIGNEAU. — The  famous  Irish  novel 
entitled  The  History  of  Jack  Connor,  and  which 
I  believe  first  appeared  in  1752,  is  attributed  to 
William  Chaigneau,  Esq.,  who,  in  1796,  is  re- 
ferred to  as  deceased  (Gent.  Mag.,  Ixvi.  823). 
Information  respecting  him  will  be  acceptable. 

S.  Y.  R. 

ELEANOR  D'OLBREUSE. — Where  can  I  find  par- 
ticulars of  the  parentage  of  this  lady,  who  married 
one  of  the  Dukes  of  Zelle,  and  so  became  an 
ancestress  of  our  present  royal  family  ? 

J.  WOODWARD. 

New  Shoreham. 

HYOSCYAMUS.  —  In  Bishop  Hall's  Quo  Vadis 
(sec.  5),  the  following  pas-age  occurs  :  — 

"  The  Persian  Hyoscyamus,  if  it  be  translated  to  Egypt 
proves  deadly ;  if  to  Jerusalem,  safe  and  wholesome." 

I  wish  to  know  whether  this  is  a  positive  fact? 

W.  J.  SMITH. 

LAUREL  WATER.  —  It  was  stated  in  conversa- 
tion after  Donellan's  trial  for  the  murder  of  Sir 
Theodosius  Boughton,  that  a  book  on  botany  was 
lent  to  the  captain  by  Mr.  Newsom,  the  rector  of 
Harborough,  and  that  it  was  returned  with  the 


12 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  [3^  s.  v.  JAN.  2/64. 


leaf  doubled  down,  saying  that  laurel  water  dis- 
ked was  a  deadly  poison.  Can  any  of  your 
botanical  readers  state  in  what  book  this  account 
of  laur,l-water  is  to  be  found?  A  book  called 
the  Toilet  of  Flora  was  published  in  17/9.  This 
book  is  not  in  the  British  Museum  Perhaps  one 
of  your  readers  may  possess  the  book,  and  be  able 
to  state  what  the  account  of  laurel-water  is. 

AN  INQUIRER. 

LEWIS' MORRIS. —At  the  commencement^  of 
Lord  Teignmouth's  Life  of  Sir  William  Jones  is  a 
letter  signed  Lewis  Morris,  in  which  the  writer 
states,  that  he  has  sent  Sir  William,  as  a  new 
year's  "ift,  and  in  pursuance  of  an  old  Welsh 
custom  among  kinsmen,  a  pedigree,  showing  then- 
descent  from  a  common  ancestor.  Can  any  ot 
your  readers  inform  me  whether  the  writer  is  the 
celebrated  antiquary  and  poet  spoken  of  by  Mr. 
Borrow  in  his  recent  work,  Wild  Wales,  and  whe- 
ther anything  is  now  known  of  the  pedigree  in 
question  ?  I  should  be  glad  to  know,  too,  whether 
Lewis  Morris  has  now  any  lineal  descendants 
living  ?  H-  H- 

THE  PRINCE  CONSORT'S  MOTTO. — The  motto  of 
the  Prince  Consort—"  Treu  und  Fest"— was  one 
so  strikingly  applicable  to  his  high  character,  that 
I  should  be  glad  to  know  its  origin.  On  reading 
in  the  Bock  of  Revelations  (xix.  11),  that  he  that 
sat  upon  the  White  Horse  was  called  "faithful 
and  true,"  it  occurred  to  me  that  the  Elector  of 
Saxony,  from  whom  Prince  Albert  probably  de- 
rived it,  might  have  taken  the  motto  from  this 
passage  in  Luther's  translation;  but  upon  examin- 
ation, I  find  Luther's  words  are :  "  Treu  und 
Wahrhaftig."  As  it  seems  probable  that  this 
motto,  and  the  white  horse  in  the  arms  of  Saxony, 
have  been  derived  from  this  passage,  may  I  ask — 
When,  and  by  whom  they  were  first  used  ? 

T. 

RICHARD  SALVEYNE.  —  In  Chiswick  church, 
near  London,  upon  a  monument  is  read  this  im- 
perfect inscription  — 

"  Orate  pro  anitna  Mathildis  Salveyne  uxoris  Rychardi 
Salveyne  militia  Thesaurar:  Ecclesie.  MCCCCXXXH." 

So  states  an  old  MS.  in  my  possession,  but  I  do 
not  find  it  recorded  in  the  copious  list  of  inscrip- 
tions under  "Chiswick"  in  Lysons's  Middlesex 
Parishes,  though  it  existed  in  Weever's  time. 

It  is  further  stated  in  the  MS.  this  Richard 
Salveyne  was  of  the  same  family  as  Humphrey 
Salwey,  escheator  of  the  county  of  Worcester, 
whose  tomb  at  Stanford  in  that  county  is  there 
described. 

The  monument  at  Chiswick  I  presume  to  be  no 
longer  in  existence.  I  do  not  find  Richard  Sal- 
veyne in  Burke's  elaborate  pedigree  of  that  family. 
Is  anything  known  about  him,  why  his  wife  should 
be  buried  at  Chiswick,  and  what  was  his  official 
capacity  ?  THOMAS  E.  WINNING-TON. 


SWINBURNE.  —  Is  anything  known  of  a  person 
of  this  name  who  was  living  about  1610  ?  He  was 
secretary  to  Sir  Henry  Fanshaw.  CPL. 

CAPTAIN  YORKE. — I  am  anxious  to  obtain  in- 
formation about  a  Mr.  Yorke,  a  Captain  in  the 
Trained  Bands  of  London,  who  lived  about  the 
middle  of  the  last  century.  It  is  thought  that  he 
was  descended  from  the  Yorkes  of  Erthig,  Den- 
bighshire, Wales ;  and  I  should  be  grateful  to 
any  correspondent  who  could  give  me  any  details 
as  to  the  Captain's  connection  with  the  Yorkes  of 
Erthi?.  CARILFORD. 

Cape  Town. 


fottlj 

PHOLEY. — What  is  the  meaning  of  this  word 
in  the  following  advertisement,  which  I  copy  from 
a  List  of  Books  printed  for  and  sold  by  Edward 
Cave,  at  St.  John's  Gate,  Clerkenwell  ?  — 

Travels  into  the  inland  parts  of  Africa,  containing  a 
description  of  the  several  Nations  for  the  sp^ce  of  COO 
miles  up  the  River  Gambia,  with  a  particular  account  of 
Job  Ben  Solomon,  a  Pholey,  who,  in  th-3  year  1733,  was  in 
England,  and  known  by  the  name  of  the  African.  Being 
the  Journal  of  Francis  Moore,  Factor  for  several  years  to 
the  Roval  African  Company  of  England." 

E.  H.  A. 

[An  interesting  account  of  the  Pholeys,  a  free  and  in- 
dependent people  of  Gambia,  is  supplied  by  the  author  in 
the  above  work,  in,  the  first  edition,  1738,  p.  30,  in  the 
second  edition  (no  date),  p.  21.  He  says,  "In  every 
kingdom  on  each  side  of  the  river  Gambia  there  are  some 
people  of  a  tawny  colour,  called  Pholeys,  much  like  the 
Arabs ;  which  language  they  most  of  them  speak,  being 
to  them  as  the  Latin  is  in  Europe;  for  it  is  taught  in 
schools,  and  their  law,  the  Alcoran,  is  in  that  language. 
They  are  more  generally  learned  in  the  Arabick  than  the 
people  of  Europe  are  in  Latin,  for  they  can  most  of  them 
speak  it,  though  they  have  a  vulgar  tongue  besides,  called 
Pholey.  They  live  in  hoards  or  clans,  build  towns,  and 
are  not  subject  to  any  kings  of  the  country,  though  they 
live  in  their  territories ;  for  if  they  are  illtreated  in  one 
nation,  they  break  up  their  towns,  and  remove  to  another. 
They  have  chiefs  of  their  own,  who  rule  with  so  much 
moderation,  that  every  act  of  government  seems  rather 
an  act  of  the  people  than  of  one  man.  This  form  of  govern- 
ment goes  on  easily,  because  the  people  are  of  a  good  and 
quiet  disposition,  and  so  well  instructed  in  what  is  just 
and  right,  that  a  man  who  does  ill  is  the  abomination  of 

all,  and  none  will  support  him  against  the  chief 

The  Pholeys  are  very  industrious  and  frugal,  and  raise 
much  more  corn  and  cotton  than  they  consume,  which 
they  sell  at  reasonable  rates,  and  are  very  hospitable 
and  kind  to  all ;  so  that  to  have  a  Pholey  town  in  the 
neighbourhood,  is  by  the  natives  reckoned  a  blessing. 
They  are  strict  Mahometans ;  none  of  them  (unless  here 
and  there  one)  will  drink  brandy,  or  anything  stronger 
than  water  and  sugar."~| 


3'dS.  V.  JAN.  2, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


13 


LlNES    ADDRESSED   TO    CHARLES  I. 1  Copy  the 

following  verses  from  MS.  on  a  fly-leaf,  at  the 
end  of  a  copy  of  Jus  Imaginis  apud  Anglos,  or, 
the  Law  of  England  relating  to  the  Nobility  and 
Gentry,  by  John  Brydall,  of  Lincoln's  Inne, 
Esquier,  1675."  8vo  — 

"  Great  Charles,  thou  Earthly  God,  Celestial  Man ! 
Whose  life,  like  others',  though  it  were  a  span, 
Yet  in  that  life  was  comprehended  more 
Than  earth  hath  waters,  or  the  oceans  shore ; 
Thv  heavenly  virtues  angels  shall  rehearse ; 
It  is  a  theme  too  high  for  human  verse. 
He  that  would  know  the  right,  then  let  him  look 
Upon  this  wise  incomparable  book, 
And  read  it  o'er  and  o'er;  which,  if  you  do, 
You'll  find  the  King  a  priest  ar.d  prophet  too; 
And  sadly  see  our  lot,  although  in  vain  "  — 

(Cetera  desunt.} 

They  appear  to  have  been  written  by  the  hand 
of  one  William  Thomas,  as  they  follow  these 
words:  "John  ffarr  his  Booke.  William  Tho- 
mas witnes,  1675."  But  they  were  evidently  not 
William  Thomas's  composition,  as  he  was  an  un- 
educated fellow,  who  wrote  — 

"  Grate  charls,  though  earthly  god  se- 
Lastiel  man,  huse  Life  Like  others  " — 

and  so  on  —  oshians  for  "oceans,"  Engels  for  "  an- 
gels," &c. :  on  which  account  I  have  modernised 
the  spelling,  in  order  to  make  the  whole  intelligi- 
ble. They  seem  to  have  been  really  the  production 
of  one  who  could  write  verse,  as  well  as  the  most 
extravagant  adulation,  and  may  be  taken  as  an 
extreme  example  of  the  poetical  hyperbole  of  that 
hyperbolical  age.  The  "  incomparable  book,"  for 
which  they  were  first  written,  was  probably  the 
Eikon  Basilike.  Do  they  occur  in  print  in  any 
edition  of  it  ?  J.  G.  N.  ' 

[These  lines  are  entitled  "  An  Epitaph  upon  King 
Charles,"  signed  J.  H.,  and  are  usually  found  printed  in 
the  earlier  editions  of  the  Eikon  Basilike.,  e.  g.  that  by 
Royston,  24mo,  1649 ;  that  printed  at  the  Hague  by  S. 
Brown,  24mo,  1649 ;  and  in  the  Dublin  edition  of  1706. 
Vide  "  N.  &  Q."  2**  S.  iv.  347 ;  v.  393,  464 ;  vi.  179.] 

CREST  or  A TOTHEC ARIES'  COMPANY. — F.  H.  K. 
will  be  glad  to  know  the  meaning  of  the  rhino- 
ceros, or  whatever  the  animal  may  be,  which  orna- 
ments all  things  sent  from  Apothecaries'  Hall. 

[The  unicorn,  as  fictionized  in  heraldry,  is  a  white 
horse,  having  the  horn  of  the  narwhale  emanating  from 
the  forehead ;  the  belief  in  the  animal  being  based  on  the 
passage  in  Job  xxxix.  9 :  "  Will  the  unicorn  be  willing 
to  serve  thee?"  but  the  original  word  "Rem,"  thus 
translated  "  unicorn,"  is,  by  St.  Jerome,  Montanus,  and 
Aquila,  rendered  "rhinoceros";  and  in  the  Septuagint, 
" monoceros  "  signifies  nothing  more  than  "one  horn." 
The  rhinoceros  is  therefore  the  misinterpreted  unicorn  of 
the  ancients;  and,  from  a  belief  in  the  fabulous  medicinal 
qualities  of  the  horn,  has  been  advanced  as  the  crest  of 
the  Company  of  Apothecaries,  on  some  of  whose  sign- 


boards the  rhinoceros  presented  the  similitude  of  any- 
thing but  the  real  beast ;  and  being  frequently  mistaken 
for  a  boar,  the  practice  of  painting  the  monster  became 
more  monstrous,  and  the  boar  proper  has,  to  be  more 
agreeable  to  the  eye,  been  bedizened  as  a  blue  boar. — 
Beaufoy's  Tradesmen's  Tokens,  edit.  1855,  p.  58.] 

FRUMENTUM:  SILIGO.  —  In  an  account,  temp. 
Edw.  III.,  I  find  these  words  used  for  distinct 
kinds  of  grain.  What  kinds?  In  Littleton's 
Latin  Dictionary,  "  siligo "  is  defined  as  "  fine 
wheat,  whereof  they  make  manchet;"  and  "fru- 
mentum "  as  "  all  manner  of  corn  or  grain  for 
bread."  But  in  my  account,  the  price  of  fru- 
mentum  is  7s.  and  85.  the  quarter,  that  of  siligo, 
5*.  6d.  and  6s.  4d.  only.  Can  I  be  referred  to  any 
more  definite  explanation  of  these  terms  ? 

G.  A.  C. 

[Frumentum  was  used  in  the  Middle  Ages  somewhat 
indefinitely,  but  it  most  frequently  signifies  wheat.  Pure 
wheat—"  Saepe  saepius  designatum  opinor  triticum  purum, 
nee  aliis  granis  mixtum."  (T)u  Cange  in  verb.}  In  the 
passage  before  us  it  is  certainly  wheat. 

Siligo,  in  Middle-Age  Latin,  means  rye.  We  know 
that  in  classical  Latin  it  signifies  a  fine  \\heat,  praised  by 
Columella  and  Pliny,  as  preferable  to  ordinary  wheat  for 
food,  being  finer,  whiter,  and  lighter;  but  in  the  Middle 
Ages  it  almost  always  represents  rye,  as  it  assuredly  does 
in  this  passage.] 

JOHN  BURTON.  —  I  have  in  my  possession  a 
rather  scarce  tract  of  31  pages,  entitled  Saccrdos 
Parcecialis  Rusticus,  published  at  Oxford  in  1757. 
Its  author  is  "Johannes  Burton  de  Maple-Durham 
in  Com.  Oxon.  Vicarius."  The  duties  of  the  parish 
priest  are  in  it  beautifully  described  in  classical 
hexameters,  630  in  number,  and  occasionally  re- 
mind one  of  the  picture,  in  Goldsmith's  Deserted 
Village,  of  the  country  clergyman. 

Is  anything  known  of  the  author,  and  what 
college  in  Oxford  claimed  him  as  an  alumnus  ?  I 
presume  that  the  same  person  was  the  author  of  the 
following  effusions  in  "  Selectee  Poemata  Anglorum 
(Editio  Secunda  Emendatior,  1789),"  viz.  "De« 
borse  Epinicion,"  p.  28 ;  "  Psalmus  cxxxvii.,"  p. 
107;  "  Hortus  Botanicus,"  p.  147;  and  "Psalmus 
xlvi.,"  p.  275  for  the  name  "  J.  Burton,  S.  T.  P." 
is  appended.  OXONIENSIS. 

[Dr.  John  Burton,  a  learned  critic  and  divine,  was 
educated  at  Corpus  Christi  College,  Oxford.  He  died  on 
Feb.  11,  1771,  in  the  seventj'-sixth  year  of  his  age,  and 
was  buried  at  the  entrance  of  the  inner  chapel  at  Eton. 
His  Life  has  been  published  by  his  pupil  and  intimate 
friend,  Dr.  Edward  Bentham.  Most  biographical  diction- 
aries also  contain  some  account  of  him.] 

JAMES  II.  AND  THE  PRETENDER.  —  Can  any  of 

your  readers  refer  me  to  any  work  giving  details 
of  the  court  held  by  James  II.  and  the  Pretender 
at  St.  Germain-enrLaye,  until  the  death  of  the 


14 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3V<1  S.  V.  JAN.  2,  '64. 


former?   Did  James  II.  confer  patents  of  nobility 
upon  any  of  his  adherents,  and  upon  wh°m  *l  R 

[The  state  of  the  Court  of  St.  Germains  will  be  found 
in  the  following  works:  (1)  A  View  of  the  Court  of  St. 
Germai*sfrom  the  Year  1690  to  1693,  [by  John  Macky], 
8vo.  169G.  (2.)  "  The  Life  of  James  //.,  containing  an 
Account  of  his  Birth,  Education,  &c.,  the  State  of  his 
Court  at  St.  Germains,  and  the  particulars  of  his  Death. 
Lond.  8vo,  1702."  (3.)  Clarke's  Life  of  James  II.,  ii. 
472-647,  copied  from  the  Stuart  Papers  in  Carlton  House. 
Consult  also  chap.  xx.  of  Lord  Macaulay's  History  of 
England,  iv.  380.  *  For  the  titles  of  nobility  conferred  by 
James  II.  after  his  abdication,  see  "  N.  &  Q."  2nd  S.  ix. 
23;  x.  102,  215,  337.] 

NEW  TRANSLATION  OF  THE  BIBLE,  BY  JOHN 
BELLAMY,  circa  1818.  —  Bellamy  did  not  complete 
the  whole  Bible.  Query,  how  much  did  he  pub- 
lish? GEO.  I.  COOPER. 

[Eight  parts  of  this  new  translation  were  published, 
namely,  from  Genesis  to  the  Song  of  Solomon,  pp.  1368. 
See  Home's  Introduction  to  the  Holy  Scriptures,  ed.  184G, 
v.  304.1 


EXHIBITION  OF  SIGN-BOARDS. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  307.) 

Bonnell  Thornton's  object  in  establishing  an 
exhibition  of  sign-boards  was  to  convey  satire  on 
temporary  events,  objects,  and  persons.  It  took 
place  at  an  opportune  time,  when  the  good- 
natured  public  was  not  disposed  to  consider  it  as 
an  insult;  and  for  a  period  it  is  said  to  have 
answered  the  witty  projector's  most  sanguine 
expectations. 

The  mention  made  of  this  exhibition  by  the 
newspaper  press  of  the  day,  presents  so  many  il- 
lustrations of  the  state  of  art,  and  of  the  spirit 
of  the  times,  that  a  few  extracts  from  it  may  not 
be  unacceptable. 

The  St.  James  s  Chronicle  of  March  26,  1762, 
after  noticing  the  preparations  of  the  Society  of 
Arts,  adds  — 

"  The  Society  of  Sign-Painters  are  also  preparing  a 
most  magnificent  collection  of  portraits,  landscapes,  fancy- 
pieces,  history-pieces,  night-pieces,  Scripture-pieces,  &c. 
&c.,  designed  by  the  ablest  masters,  and  executed  by  the 
beat  han-is  in  these  kingdoms.  The  virtuosi  will  have  a 
new  opportunity  to  display  their  taste  on  this  occasion, 
by  discovering  the  different  styles  of  the  several  masters 
employed,  and  pointing  out  by  what  hand  each  piece  is 
drawn.  A  remarkable  cognoscenti,  who  has  attended  at 
the  Society's  great  room,  with  his  eye-glass,  for  several 
mornings,  has  already  piqned  himself  on  discovering  the 
famous  painter  of  «  The  Rising  Sun  '  (a  modern  Claude) 
in  an  elegant  nightpiece  of'  The  Man  in  the  Moon.'" 

The  London  Register  for  April,  1762,  as  quoted 
in  Mr.  Pye's  Patronage  of  British  Art,  gives  us 
the  following  account  of  the  exhibition  itself  :  — 


"  On  entering,  you  pass  through  a  large  parlour  and 
paved  yard,  of  which,  as  they  contain  nothing  but  old 
common  signs,  we  shall  take  no  further  notice  than  what 
is  said  of  them  in  the  Catalogue,  which  the  reader  will 
not  find  to  be  barren  of  wit  and  humour.  On  entering 
the  grand  room,  you  find  yourself  in  a  large  and  com- 
modious apartment,  hung  round  with  green  baize,  on 
which  this  curious  collection  of  wooden  originals  is  fixed 
flat,  and  from  whence  hang  keys,  bells,  swords,  poles, 
sugar-loaves,  tobacco-rolls,  candles,  and  other  ornamental 
figures,  carved  in  wood,  which  commonly  dangled  from 
the  pent-houses  of  the  different  shops  in  our  streets.  On 
the  chimney-board  (to  imitate  the  style  of  the  catalogue) 
is  a  large  blazing  fire,  painted  in  water-colours;  and 
within  a  kind  of  cupola,  or  rather  dome,  which  lets  the 
light  into  the  room,  is  written  in  golden  capitals,  upon  a 
blue  ground,  a  motto  disposed  in  the  form  following: — 


SPECTATUM 


'•  From  this  short  description  of  the  grand  room  (when 
we  consider  the  singular  nature  of  the  paintings  them- 
selves, and  the  peculiarity  of  the  other  decorations),  it 
may  be  easily  imagined  that  no  connoisseur  Avho  has 
made  the  tour  of  Europe  ever  entered  a  picture-gallery 
that  struck  his  eye  more  forcibly  at  first  sight,  or  pro- 
voked his  attention  with  more  extraordinary  appearance. 
We  will  now,  if  the  reader  pleases,  conduct  him  round 
the  room,  and  take  a  more  accurate  survey  of  the  curious 
originals  before  us;  to  which  end  we  shall  proceed  to 
transcribe  some  of  the  most  conspicuous  features  of  the 
ingenious  Society's  Catalogue,  adding,  by  the  way,  such 
remarks  as  may  seem  necessary  for  his  instruction  and 
entertainment : — 

"No.  1.  Portrait  of  a  justly  celebrated  painter,  though 
an  Englishman  and  a  modern. 

"  No.  8.  '  The  Vicar  of  Bray.'  The  portrait  of  a  beni- 
ficed  clergyman  at  full  length.  '  The  Vicar  of  Bray  '  is 
an  ass  in  a  feather -topped  grizzle,  band,  and  pudding- 
sleeves.  This  is  a  much  droller  conceit,  and  has  much 
more  effect,  as  here  executed,  than  the  old  design  of  the 
ass  loaded  with  preferment. 

"No.  9.  'The  Irish  Arms.'  By  Patrick  O'Blaney. 
N.B.  Captain  Terence  O'Cutter  stood  for  them.  This 
sign  represents  a  pair  of  extremely  thick  legs,  in  white 
stockings,  and  black  gaiters.  • 

"No.  12.  '  The  Scotch  Fiddle.'  By  M'Pherson.  Done 
from  himself.  The  figure  of  a  Highlander  sitting  under 
a  tree,  enjoying  the  greatest  of  pleasures,  scratching 
where  it  itches. 

"  No.  16.  '  A  Man.'  Nine  tailors  at  work,  in  allusion 
to  the  old  saving, '  Nine  tailors  make  a  man.' 

"No.  19.  "'Nobody  alias  Somebody.'  A  character. 
The  figure  of  an  officer,  all  head,  arms,  legs,  and  thighs. 
Tiiis  piece  has  a  very  odd  effect,  it  being  30  drolly  exe- 
cuted that  3'ou  don't  miss  the  body. 

"  No.  20.  '  Somebody,  alias  Nobody.'  The  companion 
of  the  foregoing,  both  by  Hogarty.  A  rosy  figure,  with 
little  head  and  a  huge  body,  whose  belly  swags  over, 
almost  quite  down  to  his  shoe-buckles.  By  the  staff  in 
his  hand,  it  appears  to  be  intended  to  represent  a  con- 
stable: it  might  also  be  mistaken  for  an  eminent  justice 
of  the  peace. 

"No.  22.  ' The  Stragglers :  a  Matrimonial  Conversa- 
tion/ By  Ransby.  Represents  a  man  and  his  wife  fight- 
ing for  the  breeches. 


3**  S.  V.  JAN.  2,  '64.  J 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


15 


"  No.  23.  '  A  Freemason's  Lodge ;  or,  the  Impenetrable 
Secret.'  By  a  Sworn  Brother.  The  supposed  ceremony 
and  probable  consequences  of  what  is  called  'making  a 
mason.'  Represents  the  master  of  the  lodge  with  a  red- 
hot  salamander  in  his  hand,  and  the  new  brother  blind- 
fold, and  in  a  comical  situation  of  fear  and  good-luck. 

"  No.  27.  '  The  Spirit  of  Contradiction.'  Two  brewers 
\rith  a  barrel  of  beer  pulling  different  ways. 

"No.  35.  'A  Man  in  his  Element.'  A  sign  for  an  eat- 
ing-house. A  cook  roasting  at  a  fire,  and  the  devil  basting 
him. 

"  No.  36.  « A  Man  out  of  his  Element.'  A  sailor  falling 
off  a  horse,  with  his  head  lighting  against  a  milestone. 

"No.  37.  « A  Bird.'  By  Allison.  Underneath  is  writ- 
ten— 

'A  bird  in  hand  far  better  'tis 
Than  two  that  in  the  bushes  is.' 

"No.  38.  'A  Man  loaded  with  Mischief,'  is  represented 
carrying  a  woman,  a  magpie,  and  a  monkey  on  his  back. 

"No.  39.  'Absalom  Hanging.'  A  perukemaker's  sign 
by  Sclatter.  Underneath  is  written  — 

'  If  Absalom  had  not  worn  his  own  hair, 
Absalom  had  not  been  hanging  there.' 

««  But  the  cream  of  the  whole  jest  is  No.  49  and  No.  50' 
its  companion,  hanging  on  each  side  of  the  chimney 
These  two  are  by  an  unknown  hand,  the  exhibition 
having  been  favoured  with  them  from  an  unknown  quar- 
ter. Ladies  and  gentlemen  are  requested  not  to  finger 
them,  as  they  are  concealed  by  the  curtains  to  preserve 
them.  Behind  the  curtains  are  two  boards,  on  one  of 
which  is  written  « Ha !  ha !  ha ! '  and  on  the  other  *  He ! 
he !  he'! '  At  the  opening  of  the  exhibition,  the  ladies 
had  infinite  curiosity  to  know  what  was  behind  the  cur- 
tains, but  were  afraid  to  gratify  it.  This  covered  laugh 
is  no  bad  satire  on  the  indecent  pictures  in  some  collec- 
tions, hung  up  in  the  same  manner  with  curtains  over 
them. 

"  No.  66.  « A  Tobacconist's  Sign.'  By  Bransby.  The 
conceit  and  execution  are  admirable.  It  represents  a  com- 
mon-councilman and  two  friends  drunk  over  a  bottle. 
The  common-councilman,  asleep,  has  fallen  back  in  his 
chair.  One  of  his  friends  (an  officer)  is  lighting  a  pipe 
at  his  nose;  whilst  the  other  (a  doctor)  is  using  his 
thumb  as  a  tobacco- stopper. 

"Some  humour  was  also  intended  in  the  juxtaposition 
of  the  signs,  as  « The  Three  Apothecaries'  Gallipots,'  and 
'The  Three  Coffins,' its  companion." 

The  locale  of  the  exhibition  was  the  house  of  I 
Bonnell  Thornton  in  Bow   Street,  Covent  Gar-  ! 
den — as  we  learn  from  the  following  advertise-  I 
ments,  and  from  the  title-page  of  the  catalogue. 
The  latter  reads  as  follows :  — 

"A  Catalogue  of  the  Original  Paintings,  Busts,  Carved  | 
Figures,  &c.  &c  ,  now  Exhibiting  by  the  Society  of  Sign  i 
Painters,  at  the  Large  Room,  the  upper  end  of  Bow-  j 
street,  Covent  Garden,  nearly  opposite  the  Playhouse  ! 
Passage.  Price  One  Shilling."  4to. 

An  advertisement  was  inserted  in  the  cata- 
logue, and  also  in  the  daily  papers,  in  these 
words  :  — 

"  The  Society  of  Sign  Painters  take  this  opportunity  of  ' 
refuting  a  most  malicious  suggestion,  that  their  exhlbi- 
bition  is  designed  as  a  ridicule  on  the  exhibitions  of  the 
Society  for  the  Encouragement  of  Art?,  £i-.,  and  <>f  the 
artists.  They  intend  theirs  as  an  apprudix  only,  or  in 
the  style  of  painters,  a  companion  to  the  others/  There 
is  nothing  in  their  collection  that  will  be  understood  by  ; 


any  candid  person  as  a  reflection  on  any  body,  or  body  of 
!  men.     They  are  not  in  the  least  prompted  by  any  mean 
I  jealousy,  to  depreciate  the  merits  of  their  brother  arti.-ts. 
i  Animated  by  the  same  public  spirit,  their  sole  view  is  to 
I  convince  foreigners,  as  well  as  their  own  blinded  country- 
men, that  however  inferior  the  nation  may  be  unjustly 
deemed  in  other  branches  of  the  polite  arts,  the  palm  for 
sign-painting  must  be  universally  ceded  to  us,  the  Dutch 
I  themselves  not  excepted." 

The  purchase  of  a  catalogue  entitled  the  owner 
to  an  admission  to  the  exhibition.      A   printed 
!  slip  was  appended  to  it  in  the  form  of  a  ticket, 
i  which  was  torn  off  by  the  door-keeper  upon  pre- 
sentation, thus  rendering  the  catalogue  unavail- 
able for  a  second  admission. 

Copies  of  the  catalogue  are  of  very  rare  occur- 
rence. The  only  one  I  ever  saw  was  sold  at 
Puttick's  about  a  twelvemonth  since. 

EDWAKD  F.  RIMBAULT. 


"EST  ROSA  FLOS  VENERIS." 
(1st  S.  i.  214,  458 ;  3rd  S.  iv.  453.) 

As  this  question  appears  to  be  of  so  ancient  a 
date  as  the  first  volume  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  it  certainly 
ought  to  be  disposed  of  at  the  earliest  oppor- 
tunity. The  lines  will  be  found  in  the  Anfhologia 
Veterum  Latinorum  Epigrammalnm  et  Poematum 
of  Peter  Burman,  the  younger;  and,  also,  in  the 
collections  of  Wernsdorf  and  Meier,  founded  on 
the  same  work.  It  is  pretty  evident,  from  their 
epigrammatic  character,  that  they  are  not  a  part 
of  a  larger  poem,  but  complete  in  themselves. 
Burman  quotes  De  la  Cerda  as  his  authority  for 
the  lines,  but  I  can  give  an  earlier  one,  having 
found  them,  introduced  seemingly  as  a  quotation 
into  a  work  of  Lievinius  Lemnius,  the  learned 
Canon  of  Zeric-Zee,  entitled  Herbarum  atque 
Arborum  qua  in  Bibliis  passim  obvice  sunt  Expli- 
catio,  Antwerpise,  1566.  Lemnius  does  not  give 
any  authority  or  reference  for  the  lines ;  but  in 
the  Opera  Omnia  of  Virgil,  edited  by  the  learned 
Spanish  Jesuit  Johannes  Ludovicus  de  la  Cerda, 
they  are  again  quoted,  the  editor  telling  us  that 
they  were  found  incised  on  marble.  The  lines 
occur  in  a  note  to  a  passage  in  the  first  book  of 
the  JEneid ;  and  the  first  six  books  of  the  JEneid, 
edited  by  La  Cerda,  were  published  at  Lyons  in 
1612.  This,  probably,  is  all  the  reply  that  can 
now  be  given  to  the  first  query  of  J.  S.  L. ;  his 
second  does  not  admit  of  so  ready  an  answer. 

One,  who  had  a  very  complete  idea  of  the  world 
of  literature,  shrewdly  observes  that  — 

"Commentators  sometimes  view 
In  Homer  more  than  Homer  knew." 

And,  in  all  likelihood,  most  of  the  readers  of 
"  -Nr.  &  Q."  will  coincide  in  the  opinion,  that, 
generally  speaking,  the  notes  and  quotations  of 
commentators  and  aimotators  should  be  received 


16 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  JAN.  2,  '64. 


cum  grano.  I  would  not  presume  to  say  that 
Lemnius  coined  the  lines  to  suit  his  purpose  ;  still, 
withal,  they  have  a  comparatively  modern  aspect. 
When  the  authority  is  so  very  vague  as  "  reperi- 
untur  in  marmore,"  we  have  every  right  to  look 
for  internal  evidence,  and  that,  as  far  as  regards 
the  antiquity  of  the  lines —  which,  indeed,  is  the 
whole  gist  of  the  question  —  is,  in  my  humble 
opinion,  wanting.  For  they  seem  to  be  deficient  of 
the  sonorous  ring  of  the  ancient  Augustan  metal, 
as  well  as  of  the  quaint,  flat  chink  of  the  mediaeval 
Latinity.  And  being  the  only  authority,  as  far  as 
lam  aware,  for  the  often -repeated  assertion,  that 
the  ancients  respected  the  rose  as  an  emblem  of 
silence,  and  consecrated  it  to  Harpocrates,  these 
lines,  with  regard  to  their  antiquity,  afford  a  very 
interesting  question ;  or,  as  J.  S.  L.  puts  the 
query  —  "  Is  the  custom  therein  referred  to  the 
origin  of  the  phrase  sub  rosa  ?  " 

There  is,  however,  something  more  than  a 
custom  referred  to  in  the  lines ;  there  is,  also,  a 
sacred  principle.  As  is  well  known,  it  was  a 
custom  for  the  ancients  to  decorate  their  festal 
tables  with  roses  ;  but  that  they  recognised  the 
rose  as  a  sacred  symbol  of  silence,  through  an 
alleged  mythical  connection  between  the  flower, 
Cupid,  Venus,  and  Harpocrates,  is  exceedingly 
doubtful ;  there  being  no  other  authority  for  the 
assertion  than  these  lines,  of  which  the  authorship 
is  unknown,  and  the  antiquity  most  questionable. 
La  Cerda,  though  not  the  first  to  quote  the  lines, 
is,  in  all  probability,  the  first  who  alleges  that 
they  were  found  on  marble ;  and  the  manner  in 
which  he  introduces  them  into  print  is  rather  sus- 
picious, they  being  dragged  in  as  an  annotation  to 
the  following  passage  in  the  text : — 

"  Hie  Regina  gravem  gemmis  auroque  poposcit, 
Implevitque  mero  pateram,  quam  Belus  et  omnes 
A  Belo  soliti :  turn  facta  silentia  tectis." 

A  more  inappropriate  quotation  than  the  lines 
in  question  can  hardly  be  imagined  ;  silence,  it  is 
true,  is  alluded  to  in  the  text,  but  there  is  cer- 
tainly not  one  word  about  roses.  How  then  does 
the  commentator  connect  the  two?  By  artfully 
and  illogically  dragging  in  another  quotation,  in 
which  roses  are  alluded  to,  without  any  reference 
to  silence.  Here  it  is,  from  the  nineteenth  epi- 
gram of  the  tenth  book  of  Martial :  — 

"  Haec  hora  est  tua,  dum  furit  Lv»u«, 
Cum  regnat  rosa,  cum  madent'capilli : 
Tune  me  vel  rigid!  legant  Catones." 

It  is  not,  then,  without  justice  observed  in  the 
Biographic  Universelle,  in  allusion  to  De  la  Cer- 
da s  Virgil  — 

"  Que  le  jcsuite  Espagnol  cxplique  souvent  ce  qui  n'a 
P^  besom  d'etre  expliqutf,  et  quelquefois  ce  qui  ne  devrait 

Whatever  doubt  there  may  be  respect in n-  the 
ancient  Romans  using  the  rose  at  their  feasts,  as 


an  emblem  of  secresy,  it  is  certain  that  the  Teu- 
tonic races  did  from  a  very  early  period.  The 
custom  and  principle  is  particularly  German,  ac- 
cording to  the  ancient  proverbial  saying  — 

"  Was  Kir  Kosen,  bleib'  unter  dem  Rosen." 
And  Wernsdorf  decides  against  the  antiquity  of 
the  lines  in  question,  because  they  form  the  only 
Latin  notice  of  a  peculiarly  German  custom  and 
idea,  while  Meier,  in  his  edition  of  Burrnan,  goes 
further,  and  says  the  Latin  lines  were  written  on 
the  German  proverb  — 

"  Hoc  epigramma  factum  est,  ut  proverbium  illud,  Hoc 
sub  rosa  dictum  est,  explicaretur  poetice." 

When  looking  for  the  origin  or  explanation  of 
an  emblem  or  symbol,  we  must  study  the  natural 
features  of  the  subject,  and  resolutely  reject  every 
thing  approaching  to  the  fabulous  or  mythical. 
And  so,  we  cannot  conclude  better  than  in  the 
words  of  our  worthy  English  philosopher,  Sir 
Thomas  Browne,  who  says  :  — 

"  When  we  desire  to  confine  our  words,  we  commonly 
say,  they  are  spoken  under  the  rose ;  which  expression 
is  commendable,  if  the  rose,  from  any  natural  property, 
may  be  the  symbol  of  silence,  as  Nazianzene  seems  to 
imply,  in  these'  translated  verses :  — 

'  Utque  latet  rosa  verna  suo  putamine  clausa, 
Sic  os  vincla  ferat,  validisque  arctetur  habenis, 
Indicatque  suis  prolixa  silentia  labris,' 

and  is  also  tolerable,  if  by  desiring  a  secresy  to  words 
spoken  under  the  rose,  AVC  only  mean  in  society  and  com- 
potation,  from  the  ancient  symposiac  meetings  to  wear 
chaplets  of  roses  about  their  heads:  and  so  we  condemn, 
not  the  German  custom,  which  over  the  table  describeth 
a  rose  in  the  ceiling." 

The  lines  which  have  caused  so  much  inkshed 
have  been  thus  paraphrased :  — 

"  The  rose  is  Venus'  pride ;  the  archer  boy 

Gave  to  Harpocrates  his  mother's  flower, 
What  time  fond  lovers  told  the  tender  joy 
To  guard  with  sacred  secresy  the  hour : 
Hence,  o'er  his  festive  board  the  host  uphung 

Love's  flower  of  silence,  to  remind  each  guest, 
When  wine  to  amorous  sallies  loosed  each  tongue, 
Under  the  rose  what  passed   must   never  be 
expressed." 

WILLIAM  PIKKEBTON. 
Hounslow. 


REV.  P.  ROSENHAGEN. 

(2nd  S.  x.  216,  315.) 

Nobody  seems  to  have  looked  at  Mr.  John 
Taylor's  Junius  Identified.  An  extract  from  this 
work,  and  the  original  communication  to  the 
Athenaeum,  on  which  the  question  was  raised  in 
your  pages,  will  secure  your  having  all  that  has 
been  said  (Taylor,  p.  119,  Athcnceum,  Aug.  28  and 
Sept.  4,  1858)  :  — 

"  The  Rev.  Philip  Rosenhagen  was  the  schoolfellow,, 
and  continued  through  life  the  mutual  friend,  of  Sir  Philip 
Francis  and  Mr.  Woodfall.  ...  It  is  a  little  remarkable^ 


3'd  S.  V.  JAN.  2,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


17 


that  to  Mr.  Rosenhagen  the  letters  of  Junius  were  at  one 
time  attributed,  though  certainly  without  foundation. 
In  the  Essay  prefixed  to  the  last  edition  of  Junius  the 
conjecture  is  thus  noticed :  —  'It  is  sufficient  to  observe 
that  Mr.  Rosenhagen,  who  was  a  schoolfellow  of  Mr.  H. 
S.  Woodfall,  continued  on  terms  of  acquaintance  with 
him  in  subsequent  life,  and  occasionally  wrote  for  the 
Public  Advertiser:  but  he  was  repeatedly  declared  by 
Mr.  Woodfall,  who  must  have  been  a  competent  evidenc.e 
as  to  the  fact,  not  to  be  the  author  of  Jumna's  Letters.  A 
private  letter  of  Rosenhagen's  to  Mr.  Woodfall  is  still  in 
the  possession  of  his  son,  and  nothing  can  be  more  dif- 
ferent from  each  other  than  this  autograph  and  that  of 
Junius.' " 

The  following  are  the  communications  to  the 
Athencsum:  the  second  by  myself.  The  first  is  an 
extract  from  the  Gazetteer  of  Jan.  24,  1774  :  — 

"  The  celebrated  Junius  is  at  last  discovered  to  be  the 
Rev.  Phil.  R gen.  He  was  originally  a  great  ac- 
quaintance of  Mr.  Home's,  and  a  contemporary  of  his  at 

Cambridge.  Mr.  R gen  was  there  celebrated,  above 

all  others,  for  his  classical  abilities.  Mr.  R gen  was 

in  London  during  the  whole  time  of  Junius's  publication  ; 
for  a  considerable  time  before,  and  ever  since,  he  has  been 
abroad.  He  is  now  resident  at  Orleans  in  France,  where 
he  cuts  a  very  conspicuous  appearance,  having  married  a 
very  beautiful  and  accomplished  young  lady,  sister  of  the 
celebrated  Mrs.  Grosvenor ;  nor  does  he  make  it  any  secret 
where  he  resides  that  he  is  the  author  of  Junius." 

"  The  identity  would  have  been  perfectly  clear  in 
1774,  though  few  would  see  it  in  1858.  The  Rev.  Philip 
Rosenhagen  is  lost,  because  he  published  nothing  with 
his  name.  But  he  was  very  well  known  in  the  literary 
world,  and  better  still  in  the  convivial  world :  this,  how- 
ever, must  have  been  more  after  1774  than  before.  He 
had  tbe  sort  of  reputation  to  which  Theodore  Hook 
should  attach  a  name,  as  the  brightest  and  most  enduring 
instance  of  it.  He  took  a  high-bottle  degree  in  England, 
and  was  admitted  ad  eundem  in  India,  where  he  went  as 
chaplain  some  time  before  1798,  to  increase  and  fortify 
the  well-earned  gout  which  he  carried  out  with  him.  I 
think  I  have  heard,  from  those  who  knew  him,  that  he 
had  been  one  of  the  boon  companions  of  the  Prince  of 
Wales.  He  was  a  necessary  man  to  be  fixed  on  as  the 
author  of  Junius,  at  a  time  when  any  man  of  much  talent 
and  no  particular  scruple,  who  wrote  nothing  which  he 
acknowledged,  was  set  down  as  one  to  be  looked  after  in 
that  matter.  And  if  it  should  turn  out  after  all  that 
Junius  is  to  be  written  by  some  biting  scamp  on  whom  no 
lasting  suspicion  has  settled,  this  same  Philip  Rosen- 
hagen has  a  fair  chance.  I  think  that  the  Junius  rumour 
was  current  among  his  acquaintance." 

It  now  appears  that  the  Junius  rumour  was  so 
strong,  that  Woodfall  himself  had  to  deny  it  re- 
peatedly. M. 


COLLINS,  AUTHOR  OF  "TO-MORROW." 

(3rd  S.  iv.  445.) 

It  will  be  difficult,  at  the  lapse  of  more  than 
half  a  century,  to  obtain  many  particulars  of  the 
life  of  John  Collins.  Of  the  many  who  laughed 
at  his  humorous  monologue,  The  Brush — per- 
formed as  an  interlude  at  the  Theatre  Royal, 
Birmingham,  then  under  the  management  of  the 
elder  Macready,  at  the  end  of  last,  or  the  begin- 
ning of  the  present  century — those  who  are  alive 


were  mostly  children,  who  cared  little  about  the 
private  doings  of  the  performer  who  amused  them 
in  public ;  while  the  elders  who  accompanied  them 
have  made  their  exits  from  that  larger  stage,  on 
which  they  were  fellow-actors  with  him.  He  was 
"  born  at  Bath,  and  bred  up  to  the  business  of  a 
stay-maker,"  as  I  gather  from  a  short  notice  of 
him,  as  "  an  actor,"  in  the  Thespian  Dictionary, 
8vo,  1805;  and  we  may  conclude  that  his  father 
was  a  professor  of  the  sartorial  art,  from  his 
verses,  "  The  Frank  Confession,"  "inserted  by  the 
author  some  years  ago  in  the  Bath  Chronicle,  in 
consequence  of  a  report  being  spread  with  a  view 
to  injure  him  in  the  eye  of  the  fashionable  world  ; 
which  report  was  nothing  more  nor  less  than  his 
being  the  son  of  man  who  supplied  his  employers 
with  raiment  for  the  body,  while  he  was  furnish- 
ing the  public  with  amusement  for  the  mind.'* 
In  this  piece  the  verses  occur :  — 

"  This  blot  on  my  scutcheon,  I  never  yet  try'd 

To  conceal,  to  erase,  or  to  alter ; 
But  suppose  me,  by  birth,  to  a  hangman  allied, 
Must  I  wear  the  print  of  the  halter? 

"  And  since  'tis  a  truth  I've  acknowledg'd  through  life, 

And  never  yet  labour'd  to  smother, 
That '  a  taylor  before  I  was  born  took  a  wife, 
And  that  taylor's  wife  was  my  mother.' 

"  Yet,  while  I've  a  heart  which  nor  envy  nor  pride 

With  their  venom-tipp'd  arrows  can  sting, 
Not  a  day  of  my  life  could  more  gladsome!}'  glide, 
Were  i't  prov'd — I'm.  the  son  of  a  King ! '" 

From  an  expression  in  this  piece  — 

"  While  I,  brushing  hard  over  life's  rugged  course, 
Its  up  and  down  bearings  to  scan,"  &c. — 

we  may  also  infer  that,  while  in  Bath,  he  had 
turned  his  attention  to  the  stage ;  and  set  to  work 
with  his  Brush  to  "rub  off"  cares  and  troubles. 
His  name  is  not  to  be  found  in  Pye's  Birmingham 
Directory  for  1785;  but  we  may  suppose  that  he 
shortly  afterwards  made  his  appearance  in  that 
town,  as  we  find  among  his  verses  an  "  Impromptu, 
on  hearing  the  young  and  beautiful  Mrs.  Second 
sing,  at  the  Musical  Festival  in  Birmingham,  for 
the  Benefit  of  the  General  Hospital  there," — this 
lady  being  one  of  the  vocalists  engaged  at  the 
Festival  of  1793.  We  find  his  name,  "Collins, 
John,  Great-Brook  Street,"  in  the  Directory  for 
1797  ;  since  which,  and  the  previous  one,  a  period 
of  six  years  had  elapsed.  It  was  in  that  street,  in- 
deed, nearly  opposite  the  church  at  Ashted — and 
not  Camden  Street,  though  he  may  have  subse- 
quently removed  there — that  he  is  known  to  have 
lived ;  and  he  was  editor,  and  part  proprietor 
with  Mr.  Swinney,  of  the  Birmingham  Chronicle^ 
under  the  firm  of  Swinney  &  Collins.  This  paper 
was  subsequently  purchased,  or  at  least  edited,  by 
Mr.  Joseph  Lovcll,  a  pin-maker  in  the  town.  I 
mention  the  fact  as  possessing  some  interest :  this 
gentleman  having  been  the  son  of  Robert  Lovell, 


18 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  JAN.  2,  '64. 


the  Pantisocrat  of  former  days,  the  early  friend 
and  brother-in-law  of  Coleridge  and  Southey,  who 
were  consequently  the  uncles  of  our  Birming- 
ham editor.  Lovell  also  became  a  resident  in  Great 
Brook  Street,  where  he  died.  Collins  had  no  fa- 
mily :  his  wife,  remembered  as  a  handsome  woman, 
suffered  from  that  fearful  malady  a  cancer  in  the 
breast,  and  never  rallied  from  an  operation  for  its 
removal.  His  portrait  —  the  chief  characteristic  of 
which  is  so  happily  hit  off  by  MB.  PINKERTON  — 
is,  as  I  have  been  informed  by  contemporaries, 
an  admirable  likeness.  I  believe  that  the  Brush 
was  never  published.  There  is  also  a  theatrical 
portrait  of  him  in  the  character  of  Master  Slender. 
Several  copies  of  mnemonical  lines  on  English 
history  have  appeared  in  these  pages.  The  fol- 
lowing by  Collins,  are  illustrative  of  his  manner, 
and  will  be  read  with  interest.  I  transcribe  them 
from  the  probably  unique  original  broadside  in 
the  possession  of  Mr.  William  Hodgetts,  an  in- 
telligent printer  of  Birmingham,  who  knew  Collins 
personally  ;  and  whose  portfolios  are  not  more 
crammed  with  literary  and  artistic  scraps  of  rarity 
and  local  value,  than  his  head  is  full  of  the  im- 
printed traditions  and  memories—  the  "trivial 
fond  records"  —  of  a  long  and  active  life  wholly 
devoted  to  letters.  Why  does  not  such  a  man 
provide  against  the  prospective  loss  of  the  vast 
mass  of  facts  he  has  accumulated,  by  embodying 
them  in  an  autobiography  or  local  chronicle? 
But  this  by  the  way.  The  document  is  as 
follows  :  — 

"The 
CHAPTER  OF  KIXGS. 

A  Comic  Song, 
In  Doggerel  Verse  ; 

Repeatedly  sung  with  Universal  Applause  by  Mr  Dienum 
at  the  Theatre  Royal,  Drury  Laue  ; 

and  written  by 

MR.  COLLINS, 

Author  of  the  '  Oral  and  Pictorial  Exhibition,'  which 

bears  that  Title. 

"  The  Romans  in  England  awhile  did  sway  ; 
The  Saxons  long  after  them  led  the  wav", 
Who  tugg'd  with  the  Dane  till  an  overthrow 
They  met  with  at  last  from  the  Norman  bow  ! 
Yet,  barring  all  pother,  the  one  and  the  other 
«  ere  all  of  them  Kings  in  their  turn. 

u  Bold  Willie  the  Conqueror  long  did  reign, 
Rufus,  Ins  son,  by  an  arrow  was  slain  : 
And  Harry  the  first  was  a  scholar  bright, 
Ami  Stephy  was  forced  for  his  crown  to  fight- 

k  .-t,  barring  all  pother,  the  one  and  the  other,  &c. 
"  Second  Henry  Plantagenet's  name  did  bear 
And  Cceur  de-  Lion  was  his  son  and  heir  ;    ' 

M;.gna  Charta  was  gain'd  from  John, 
Uh.ch  Harry  the  third  put  his  seal  upon. 

k  et,  barring  all  pother,  the  one  and  the  other,  &c. 


-    f  he  first  like  a  tvgcr  bo'd 
t  ,,  s,,oml  by  rebels  was  bought  and  s.,1,1  ; 
And  l«Mv  the  third  was  his  subjects'  ,,ri,lef 
Jl.ough  hi*  .grandson,  Dicky,  wa<  popp'd  aside. 
ket,  barmig  all  pother,  the  one  and  the  other  &c 


"  There  was  Harry  the  fourth,  a  warlike  wight, 
And.  Harry  the  fifth  like  a  cock  would  fight ; 
Though  Henny  his  son  like  a  chick  did  pout, 
When  Teddy  his  cousin  had  kick'd  him  out. 

Yet,  barring  all  pother,  the  one  and  the  other,  &c. 

"  Poor  Teddy  the  fifth  he  was  kill'd  in  bed, 
By  butchering  Dick  who  was  knock'd  on  the  head; 
Then  Henry  the  seventh  in  fame  grew  big, 
And  Harry  the  eighth  was  as  fat  as  a  pig, 

Yet,  barring  all  pother,  the  one  and  the  other,  &c. 

"  With  Teddy  the  sixth  we  had  tranquil  days, 
Though  Mary  made  fire  and  fnggot  blaze; 
But  good  Queen  Bess  was  a  glorious  dame, 
And  bonny  King  Jamy  from  Scotland  came, 

Yet,  barring  all  pother,  the  one  and  the  other,  &c. 

"  Poor  Charley  the  first  was  a  martyr  made, 
But  Charley  his  son  was  a  comical  blade ; 
And  Jemmy  the  second,  when  hotly  spurr'd, 
Ran  away,  do  you  see  me,  from  Willy  the  third. 
Yet,  barring  all  pother,  the  one  and  the  other,  &c. 

"  Queen  Ann  was  victorious  by  land  and  sea, 
And  Georgy  the  first  did  with  glory  sway, 
And  as  Georgy  the  second  has  long  been  dead, 
Long  life  to  the  Georgy  we  have  iu  his  stead, 

And,  may  his  son's  sons  to  the  end  of  the  chapter, 

All  come  to  be  Kings  in  their  turn. 

"  %*  As  the  idiom  of  this  whimsical  ballad  may  seem 
rather  singular,  it  may  be  necessary  to  observe,  that  it 
was  originally  sung  in  the  character  of  an  Irish  School- 
master. 

"  Printed  and  sold  by  Swinney  £  Ferrall,  No,  75, 
High  Street." 

This  song,  which  was  highly  popular  in  its  day, 
will  be  also  found  in  the  Scripscrapologia,  but  with 
a  different  heading. 

The  first  piece  in  this  volume  is  a  — 

"  Previous  Apostrophe  (for  it  cannot  be  called  a  Dedi- 
cation) to  MR.  MEYLER,  Bookseller  at  Bath,  at  once  the 
most  ingenious  and  most  indolent  Bard  of  his  Day ;  who, 
having  written  a  Thousand  excellent  Things,  which  he  will 
not  be  at  the  trouble  of  transcribing  and  arranging  for 
Publication,  is  now  become  such  a  Bui  yer  of  his  Talents, 
that  they  are  all  consigned  to  an  old  Lumber  Box  in  the 
Corner  of  his  Garret;  and  he  seems  quite  indifferent 
about  adding  to  the  Heap  the  bare  composition  of  another 
Couplet," 

These  verses  were  not  without  effect,  for  soon 
after  appeared :  — 

"Poetical  Amusement  on  the  Journey  of  Life;  con- 
sisting of  various  pieces  in  Verse,  Serious,  Theatric,  Epi- 
grammatic, and  Miscellaneous.  By  William  Meyler. 
Bath.  8vo.  1806." 

At  p.  193,  of  this  amusing  collection,  we  find 
retort  courteous  to  "John  Collins,  Esq."  — 

"  The  well-known  and  facetious  author  of  The  Morning 
Brush ;  who,  in  an  Apostrophe,  prefixed  to  a  collection  of 
his  1  oems,  published  under  the  humorous  title  of  Scrip- 
scrapologia, has  censured  the  author,  &c.  .  .  .  Perhaps 
the  vanity  that  was  awakened  by  the  praise,  mixed  with 
those  friendly  censures,  was  the  prime  cause  of  this 
Volume  being  put  to  press." 

These  lines  will  be  thought,  perhaps,  a  little  too 


3rd  S.  V.  JAN.  2,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


19 


long ;  but,  especially  in  connection  with  the  sub- 
ject, may  appear  to  merit  preservation  :  — 

"  To  JOHN  COLLINS,  ESQ. 
"  When  Players  and  Managers  of  Drury, 
Some  full  of  dread,  and  some  of  fury, 
Consulted  lately  to  enhance, 
Their  Treasury's  close-drain'd  finance; 
Ere  bounced  had  '  Carlo '  into  water, 
Or  Cherry  shown  his  '  Soldier's  Daughter ' ; 
'Mongst  various  schemes  to  prop  the  Stage, 
Brinsley  declared  he'd  now  engage 
His  long  expected  play  to  finish, 
And  all  their  cares  and  fears  diminish  ; 
Make  creditors  and  audience  gay — 
Nay,  actors  touch  their  weekly  pay. 
'  Fair  promises ! '  Mich.  Kelly  cries, 
On  which  no  mortal  e'er  relies ; 
Again  to  write  you  will  not  dare, 
Of  one  man,  Sir,"  you've  too  much  fear.' 
'  Fear !  whom  ?     I  dread  no  man's  control.' 
1  Yes,  yes,  you  dread  him  to  the  soul.' 
'Name  him  at  once,  detractive  Vandal! ' 
1  The  author  of  Tlie  School  for  Scandal: 
Thus,  Collins,  does  it  hap  with  me,) 
Since  noticed  by  a  Bard  like  thee,  V 
And  blaz'd  in  thine  '  Apostrophe.'  J 
I  fain  had  written  long  ago, 
Some  tribute  of  my  thanks,  or  so ; 
Some  warm  and  faithful  sweet  eulogia. 
At  reading  thy  Scripscr apologia  ; 
But  whisp'ring  fears  thus  marr'd  the  cause— 
'  Thy  Muse  is  not  the  Muse  she  was ; 
When  scarce  a  d<iy  but  would  inspire 
Her  mind  with  some  poetic  fire. 
Disus'd  to  rhyme,  in  "old  chest  laid," 
She's  now  an  awkward  stumbling  jade; 
And  if  thou  e'er  deserved  the  bays,         ) 
Resume  no  more  thy  peccant  lays,  >- 

Nor  damn  thy  friend's  poetic  praise.'     J 

Ah !  when  I  now  invoke  the  Nine, 
Ere  I  have  liammer'd  out  a  line, 
Some  queer  sensations  make  me  stop, 
And  from  my  hand  the  goose-quill  drop ; 
'  Richard's  himself,'  no  more  be  said, 
For  Richard's  of  himself  afraid. 

JBut  hence,  ye  stupefying  fears ! 
Why  should  I  dread  ?  "hence,  hence,  ye  cares ; 
Let  me  in  gratitude's  warm  strain, 
Thrilling  and  glowing  through  each  vein, 
Press  to  my  lip  that  friendly  hand 
Which  points  to  where  Fame's  turrets  stand  ; 
And  as  the  path  I  upwards  climb, 
'11  pau.se  and  listen  to  thr  rhyme; 
Wlrle  Poesy  around  me  glides, 
And  Laughter  holds  her  jolly  sides. 

Oh !  as  I  read  thy  motley  page, 
Where  wit  keeps  time  with  morals  sage, 
I  trace  those  days  when  pleasure's  morn 
Bade  roses  bloom  that  knew  no  thorn ; 
When  many  an  Epigram  and  Song, 
Came  from  thy  voice  with  humour  strong 
Those  well-known  notes  again  appear  ) 
To  come  fresh  mellow'd  to  mine  ear,      V 
With  accents  faithful,  bold,  and  clear,   ) 

May  ev'ry  pleasure  still  be  thine, 
That  hope  can  wish,  or  sense  define ! 
May  Ashted's  shades— if  shades  there  be, 

For  strange  is  thy  retreat  to  me 

Afford  thee  health— Oh!  cordial  bliss! 
Enjoying— what  can  be  amiss? 


May  Ashted's  blessings  round  thee  pour, 

Amid  th}r  autumn's  tranquil  hour ; 

And  may  the  partner  of  thy  cot, 

(Whom  never  yet  my  prayer  forgot,) 

Long  feel  as  cheerful,  bright  and  bonny, 

As  when  she  first  beheld  her  Johnny.''  [1804.] 

The  well-known  song" To-morrow"  has  figured 
in  many  collections  ;  the  last  stanza,  with  its  fine 
pathos,  is  eminently  poetical.  The  Rev.  Ja;nes 
Plumtre  has  the  following  remarks  upon  it :  — 

"The  serious  pun,  which  is  similar  to  the  Paronomasia 
of  the  Greeks  and  Romans,  is  sometimes  used  by  Collins 
in  his  songs.  The  "  Mulberry  Tree  "  has  some,  but  the 
fruit  is  not  of  the  best  flavour.*  The  following,  in  his  song 
of  "  To-morrow,  or  the  Prospect  of  Hope,"  (the  whole  of 
which  is  given  in  mv  Collection,  vol.  i.  p.  194),  is  not 
bad:  — 
'And  when  I  at  last  must  throw  off  this  frail  covering, 

Which  I've  worn  for  threscore  years  and  ten, 
On  the  brink  of  the  grave  I'll  not  seek  to  keep  hovering, 

Nor  my  thread  wish  to  spin  o'er  again : 
But  my  face  in  the  glass  I'll  serenely  survey, 

And  with  smiles  count  each  wrinkle  and  furrow ; 
As  this  old  worn-out  stuff,  which  is  threadbare  to-day, 
May  become  everlasting  to-morrow.' " 

Letters  to  John  Aikin,  M.D.,  on  his  Volume  nf 
Vocal  Poetry,  8vo,  Cambridge,  1811,  p.  3/2 

Having,  as  we  have  seen,  been  successively  a 
staymaker,    a   miniature  painter,    and   an   actor, 
Collins  was  somewhat  advanced  in  life  when  he 
took  up  his  residence  in  Birmingham.     He  was 
a  big  ponderous  man,  of  the  Johnsonian  type,  and 
duly  impressed  with  a   conviction  of  his  varied 
talents.     Men  of  this  manner  are  apt  to  become 
unwieldy  with  age;  and  so  it   was,  I  am  led  to 
believe,  with  our  friend  Collins  —  whose  Brush 
probably  ceased  to  attract  the  public,  with  his 
growing   inability    to   sustain   the   labours   of    a 
sprightly  monologue.     Even  in  1804,  the  date  of 
his  book,  he  speaks  of  it  as  his  "once  popular  per- 
formance," and  he  seems  then  to  have  retired  into 
private  life.      Pie  continued  to  reside   at    Great 
Brook  Street,  Ashted,  with  a  niece,  Miss  Brent. 
This  lady,  to  whose  parentage  some  degree  of 
mystery  was  attached,  was  possessed  of  a  fortune, 
and  kept  some  kind  of  carriage.     The  uncle  may 
not  have  been  entirely  devoid  of  means,  but  I 
fancy  was  somewhat  dependent  on  his  niece  for 
the  comforts  of  age.      He  died  suddenly  a  few 
years  later  —  probably  in   1809  or  1810,  as  Mr. 
Plumpton,  in  the  book  above  referred  to,  pub- 
lished in  1811,  speaks  of  him  (p.  331)  as  "the  late 
ingenious  Collins,  author  of  The  Evening  Brush  " 
— and  Miss  Brent  returned  to  Bath. 

John  Collins  was  undoubtedly  a  man  of  shrewd 
and  kindly  humour,  as  well  as  considerable  natural 
talent.  His  song,  "  To-morrow,"  is  a  piece  of 
unquestionable  merit:  1  hough  whether  it  deserves 
the  extravagant  laudation  of  Mr.  Palgrave  — 
whose  opinions  on  poetry  will  be  taken  cum  gram 
by  many  who  have  read  his  criticisms  on  art — is 
another  question.  Many  other  pieces  in  the  little 


20 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  V.  JAN.  2,  '64. 


volume  before  me— "How  to  be  Happy,"  p.  110; 
«'  The  Author's  Brush  through  Life,"  p.  152,  &c.— 
are  of  great,  if  not  equal  merit,  and  the  entire 
collection  is  well  worthy  revival  and  perusal. 

WILLIAM  BATES. 
Edgbaston. 

Your  able  correspondent,  MR.  PINKERTON,  has 
been  enabled  to  supplement  Mr.  Palgrave's  very 
scanty  notice  in  The  Golden  Treasury,  of  the 
author  of  the  admirable  poem  "  To-morrow." 
So  long  since  as  June  9,  1855,  I  had  called 
attention,  in  the  pages  of  this  periodical,  to  Col- 
lins and  his  Scripscrapologia,  and  said,  "  The 
book  contains  a  variety  of  poetical  pieces  ;  among 
which  are  several  songs.  One  of  these,  *  In  the 
downhill  of  life,  when  I  find  I'm  declining,'  ?till 
enjoys  a  justly  deserved  popularity."  ("N.  £  Q." 
!•'  S.  xi.  450.)  I  also  quoted  at  length  (apropos 
to  a  subject  then  under  discussion)  some  other 
very  popular  lines  by  the  same  ready  writer,  but 
which  were  often  ascribed  to  other  authors, — 
"  The  Chapter  of  Kings,"  that  historical  memoria 
technica  which  contains  such  well-remembered 
lines  as  — 

"  Then  Harry  the  Seventh  in  fame  grew  big, 
And  Harry  the  Eighth  was  as  fat  as  a  pig." 

The  Scripscrapologia  has  another  song  of  the 
same  character  as  "  To-morrow,"  and  embracing 
many  of  its  qualities.  As  the  book  is  so  rare, 
perhaps  you  would  like  to  print  the  song  in  ques- 
tion, which  I  here  subjoin  :  — 

"  HOW   TO   BE   HAPPY. — A  SONG. 

"  In  a  cottage  I  live,  and  the  cot  of  content, 

Where  a  few  little  rooms,  for  ambition  too  low, 
Are  furnish'd  as  plain  as  a  patriarch's  tent, 

With  all  for  convenience,  but  nothing  for  show : 
Like  Robinson  Crusoe's,  both  peaceful  and  pleasant, 

By  industry  stor'd,  like  the  hive  of  a  bee ; 
And    the  peer  who  looks  down  with  contempt  on  a 

peasant, 

Can  ne'er  be  look'd  up  to  with  envy  by  me. 
"  And  when  from  the  brow  of  a  neighbouring  hill, 

On  the  mansions  of  Pride,  I  with  pity  look  down, 
While  the  murmuring  stream  and  the  clack  of  the  mill, 

I  prefer  to  the  murmurs  and  clack  of  the  town, 
As  blythe  as  in  j'outh,  when  I  danc'd  on  the  green, 

I  disdain  to  repine  at  my  locks  growing  grey : 
Thus  the  autumn  of  life,  like  the  springtide  serene, 
Makes  approaching  December  as  cheerful  as  May. 
"  I  lie  down  with  the  lamb,  and  I  rise  with  the  lark, 

So  I  keep  both  disease  and  the  doctor  at  bay ; 
And  I  feel  on  my  pillow  no  thorns  in  the  dark, 

Which  reflection  might  raise  from  the  deeds  of  the 

day: 

For,  with  neither  myself  nor  my  neighbour  at  strife, 
Though  the  sand  in  my  glass  may  not  long  have  to 

run, 
I'm  determin'd  to  live  all  the  days  of  my  life, 

With  content  in  a  cottage  and"  envy  to  none ! 
"  Yet  let  me  not  selfishly  boast  of  my  lot, 

Nor  to  self  let  the  comforts  of  life  be  confin'd ; 
wu  3orilid  the  pleasures  must  be  of  that  sot, 
Who  to  share  them  with  others  no  pleasure  can  find ! 


For  my  friend  I've  a  board,  I've  a  bottle  and  bed, 
Av,*and  ten  times  more  welcome  that  friend  if  he's 

"poor ; 
And  for  all  that  are  poor  if  I  could  but  find  bread, 

Not  a  pauper  without  it  should  budge  from  my  door. 
'  Thus  while  a  mad  world  is  involv'd  in  mad  broils, 

For  a  few  Jeagues  of  land  or  an  arm  of  the  sea ; 
And  Ambition  climbs  high  and  pale  Penury  toils, 

For  what  but  appears  a  mere  phantom  to  me ; 
Through  life  let  me  steer  with  an  even  clean  hand, 

And  a  heart  uncorrupted  by  grandeur  or  gold; 
And,  at  last,  quit  my  berth,  when  this  life's  at  a  stand, 
For  a  berth  which  can  neither  be  bought  nor  be  sold." 
CUTHBERT  BEDE. 


I  find  the  following  account  of  this  autl.or  in 
Dr.  Hcefer's  Nouvelle  Biographie  Generate,  tome 
xi.  col.  194  : 

"  COLLINS  (John),  acteur  et  litterateur  anglais,  ne' 
vers  1738,  mort  en  1808,  a  Birmingham.  II  se  fit  re- 
marquer  au  theatre  dans  prcsque  tons  les  genres.  II 
chantait  avec  une  rare  perfection  des  Romances  et  d'autres 
poesies  de  sa  composition.  On  a  de  lui  :  The  Morning 
Brush,  ouvrage  face'tieux.  Ses  cours  publics  lui  pro- 
curerent  une  assez  grande  fortune.  II  etait  aussi  un  des 
proprietaires  du  Birmingham  Chronicle" 


Dublin. 

P.S.  A  notice  substantially  the  same  as  the 
above  may  be  seen  in  the  new  edition  of  Midland's 
Biogruphie  Uniuerselle,  tome  viii.  p.  606. 


JOHN  HAWKINS  (1st  S.  xi.  325 ;  3rd  S.  Sii.  459  ; 
iv.  425.)  — We  beg  to  refer  MR.  HARLAND  to  a 
communication  from  us,  which  appeared  in  your 
columns  so  recently  as  June  3  in  the  present  year, 
suggesting  that  the  author  of  the  MS.  Life  of 
Henry  Prince  of  Wales  was  John  Hawkins,  secre- 
tary to  the  Earl  of  Holland,  and  one  of  the  clerks 
of  the  council,  who  died  in  1631. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

REV.  F.  S.  POPE  (3rd  S.  iv.  395.)— MR.  BROD- 
RICK  begs  to  inform  the  inquirer  that  Mr.  Pope, 
formerly  minister  of  Baxtergate  Chapel,  Whitby, 
left  that  place,  and  died  at  York,  he  believes, 
some  twelve  or  fifteen  years  ago.  MR.  BRODRICK 
knew  and  was  well  acquainted  with  Dr.  Bateman. 
The  Rev.  WT.  L.  Pope,  Fellow  of  Worcester  Col- 
lege, Oxford,  and  now  Minister  of  the  Chapel  of 
Ease,  Tunbridge  Wells,  is  the  brother  of  the  late 
Mr.  Pope,  of  Whitby. 

18,  Talbot  Square,  Hyde  Park. 

MRS.  COKAYNE  (3rd  S.  iv.  305,  338,  415.)  — 
I  thank  DR.  RIMBATJLT  for  his  courteous  and  very 
satisfactory  answer  to  my  query.  His  account  is 
confirmed  in  several  particulars  by  Wood  in  his 
Life  of  Aston  Cockaine,  for  so  he  spells  the  name 
(A.  O.^  iv.  128,  ed.  Bliss.)  The  tradition  of  "Dr. 
Donne's  chamber  "  at  Ashbourne  is  valuable  as  at 


3**  S.  V.  JAN.  2,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


21 


once  identifying  her  with  his  "  noblest  and  lov- 
ingest  sister." 

H.  J.  H.  thinks  it  "  odd  that  Mrs.  Cokain  should 
be  so  little  known,"  not  being  aware  perhaps  that 
there  was  more  than  one  lady  of  the  name  at  the 
period.  I  shrewdly  suspect  that  he  has  learnt 
something  more  than  he  knew  before,  through  my 
query,  which,  like  many  others,  was  addressed  to 
*•  N.  &  Q.."  not  in  mere  ignorance,  but  in  order  to 
save  time  in  further  consulting  books  of  reference, 
and  to  elicit  something  more  than  I  did  know  on 
the  matter.  As  to  the  story  of  Charles  Cotton's 
witticism  on  her  head-dress,  and  his  losing  her 
estate  by  his  humour,  I  can  scarcely  reconcile  it 
with  the  fact  that  she  had  children  of  her  own, 
unless  she  intended  to  disinherit  them  for  the  sake 
of  her  nephew.  Will  H.  J.  H.  allow  me  to  ask  him 
to  trace  the  relationship  ?  In  *the  History  and 
Topography  of  Ashbourne,  8fc.  published  in  1 839,  it 
is  stated  that  Thomas  Cockayne  lived  in  London 
under  the  feigned  name  of  Brown  (p.  16).  On 
what  earlier  authority  does  this  statement  rest  ? 

Some  of  DELTA'S  queries  are  answered  by 
Wood  (A.  O.  iv.  128),  who  says  that  "during 
the  time  of  the  civil  wars  he  suffered  much  for  his 
religion  (which  was  that  of  Rome)  and  the  king's 
cause,  pretended  then  to  be  a  baronet  made  by 
King  Charles  I.  after  he,  by  violence,  had  left 
the  parliament  about  Jan.  10,  1641,  yet  not 
deemed  so  to  be  by  the  officers  of  arms,  because 
no  patent  was  enrolled  to  justify  it,  nor  any  men- 
tion of  it  made  in  the  docquet-books  belonging  to 
the  clerk  of  the  crown  in  chancery,  where  all  patents 
are  taken  notice  of  which  pass  the  great  seal ; " 
and  afterwards  he  adds  —  "  The  fair  lordship  of 
Ashbourne  also  was  some  years  ago  sold  to  Sir 
William  Boothby,  Bart."  Dr.  Bliss  refers  to  the 
British  Bibliographer,  vol.  ii.  pp.  450-463,  which 
I  have  not  got.  CPL. 

JOHN  DONNE,  LL.D.  (3rd  S.  iv.  295,  307.)  — 
Thanks  for  the  information  given  in  your  answer, 
though  it  does  not  meet  the  precise  point  to  which 
my  query  was  directed.  I  was  aware  of  his  ad- 
dressing Lord  Denbigh  as  his  patron,  but  I  do 
not  see  the  connection  between  this  and  his  being 
supposed  to  have  held  the  rectory  of  Martins- 
thorpe.  May  I  ask  where  his  will  is  to  be  found  ? 
Was  it  ever  proved  ?  The  "  Sr  Constantino  Huy- 
gens,  Knight,"  to  whom  Donne's  son  addressed  the 
letter  in  the  presentation  copy  of  the  BIA0ANA- 
TO2,  now  in  the  possession  of  your  correspondent 
A.  B.  G.,  was  not  the  brother  but  the  father  of 
great  astronomer. 

"HuYGHKNS  (Chretien),  Hughenim,  vit  le  jour  &  La 
Have,  en  1G'<J9,  cle  Constantin  Huyghens,  gentilhomme 
hollandois,  connu  pur  de  mauvaises  poesies  latines,  qii*il  a 
trfes-bien  intitules  Momenta  desultoria,  1655,  in-12."— 
Diction n air e  Historiqiie,  §-c.,  pour  servir  de  Supplement 
aux  Delias  des  Pays-Bas,  i.  274.  Paris,  1786. 

CPL. 


SCOTTISH  (3rJ  S.  iv.  454.) — I  beg  to  add  a  more 
complete  answer  to  ANGLUS  than  I  last  forwarded 
to  you. 

It  is  true  that  ish,  terminating  some  words,  has 
the  signification  of  rather,  as  darkish;  but  the 
other  word,  brackish,  is  not  an  English  word  at 
all  without  the  ish.  But  ish  has  no  more  mean- 
ing in  the  word  Scottish  than  it  has  in  Danish, 
Swedish,  Spanish,  £c.  A  Dane,  Scot,  or  Swede 
is  absolutely  of  Danish,  Scottish,  and  Swedish 
descent,  not  in  degree  or  rather  so. 

In  German  isch  is  a  termination  to  the  words 
Danisch,  Englisch,  Schottisch,  Swedisch,  Spanisch, 
in  the  same  sense  as  in  Danish,  &c.  SCOTUS. 

EXECUTION  FOB  WITCHCRAFT  (3rd  S.  iv.  508.) 
Sir  Walter  Scott,  in  his  Letters  on  Demonology 
and  Witchcraft,  mentions  a  trial  and  execution  for 
this  supposed  crime  which  took  place  in  Scotland 
of  a  date  six  years  later  than  the  English  case  re- 
ferred to  by'PELAGius.  In  1722,  the  Sheriff- 
Deputy  of  Sutherland  gave  sentence  of  death, 
which  was  carried  into  execution  on  an  insane  old 
woman  who  had  a  daughter  lame  of  hands  and 
feet,  which  was  attributed  to  the  mother's  being 
used  to  transform  her  into  a  pony,  and  getting  her 
shod  by  the  devil  (See  Letter  9th.") 

Sir  Walter  adds  that  no  punishment  was  in- 
flicted on  the  sheriff  for  this  gross  abuse  of  the 
law.  It  was  the  last  case  of  the  kind  in  Scotland ; 
yet  such  was  the  force  of  prejudice,  and  of  mis- 
taken interpretation  of  the  Scriptures  that,  in  a 
declaration  published  eight  years  afterwards  by 
the  Associated  Presbytery  of  Seceders  from  the 
Church  of  Scotland  (and  which  will  be  found  in 
the  Scots  Magazine  of  1743)  there  is  classed 
among  other  national  sins,  against  which  they 
desire  to  testify,  "  the  repeal  of  the  penal  statutes 
against  witches."  S. 

MUTILATION  OF  SEPULCHRAL  MONUMENTS  (3rd 
S.  iv.  286,  363,  457.)— My  note  of  certain  monu- 
ments which  had  suffered  mutilation  has  provoked 
so  many  observations  in  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
that  I  cannot  let  the  subject  drop  without 
making  one  or  two  remarks. 

I  admit  that  my  language  was  strong.  I  in- 
tended that  it  should  be  so.  The  uncalled-for 
destruction  of  family  records,  if  condemned  at 
all,  must  be  condemned  strongly.  Had  the  monu- 
ments in  question  been  to  members  of  my  own 
family,  I  should,  without  a  'moment's  hesitation, 
have  placed  the  matter  in  the  hands  of  my  soli- 
citor ;  as  they  did  not,  I  sent  copies  of  the  in- 
scriptions in  order  that  for  the  benefit  of  future 
genealogists,  they  might  be  rescued  from  oblivion. 
VEBNA  assumes  that  the  slabs  in  question  "  have 
been  overlaid  by  tile  paving,  more  suited  to  the 
sacred  character  of  the  spot."  As  far  as  I  can 
remember,  the  new  paving  was  of  white  bricks, 
such  as  I  should  be  sorry  to  see  in  any  decent 


22 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  JAN.  2,  '64. 


kitchen.  VEBSA  adds,  that  I  am  "  unfortunate 
in  my  selection  of  a  signature."  When  I  wrote 
the  note,  I  had  just  come  from  a  place  named 
P  -  ,  and  wanting  to  put  some  letter  at  the 
end  of  my  note,  ex  P.  suggested  itself  to  me,  and 
so  I  wrote  XP.  I  hope  this  solution  of  VEBNA'S 
"  mare's  nest  "  will  prove  as  satisfactory  as  that 
equally  intricate  puzzle  which,  when  deciphered, 
was  "  Bill  Stumps,  his  mark." 

I  agree  entirely  with  the  remarks  made  by 
MR.  U.  T.  ELLACOMBE  and  MR.  P.  HUTCHINSON, 
whom  I  have  to  thank  for  writing  replies  which  I 
felt  too  idle  to  do  myself.  I  must  add,  in  con- 
clusion, that  I  think  the  destruction  of  our  old 
sepulchral  memorials  —  the  only  witnesses  to  the 
greatness  of  many  a  bygone  family  —  is  to  be 
deeply  lamented.  And  I  would  ask,  what  place 
is  so  well  fitted  as  the  House  of  God  to  be  a 
storehouse  and  record  room  of  the  names  and 
acrions  of  those  who,  while  living,  have  worshipped 
at  His  altars,  who  are  numbered  among  the  faith- 
ful departed,  and  whose  actions 

"  Smell  sweet  and  blossom  in  the  dust"? 

XP. 

A  friend  of  mine  visited  Hereford  Cathedral 
lately  on  purpose  to  see  if  the  tombstone  of  a 
great-great-grandparent  required  recliiseling  or 
any  other  repairs.  Alas!  the  cathedral  had  been 
"restored."  The  tombstone  was  gone,  and  nothing 
could  be  learned  about  it  ;  and  the  whole  of  that 
part  of  the  floor  had  been  relaid  with  beautiful  tiles 
to  look  like  marbles  and  granites.  The  sooner  this 
sort  of  thing  is  put  a  stop  to  the  better.  P.  P. 
LONGEVITY  OF  CLERGYMEN  (3rd  S.  iv.  370,  502.) 
lo  the  instances  named  by  your  correspondents 
you  may  add  the  following  :  —  The  Rev.  William 
Kirby,  the  celebrated  entomologist,  was  rector  of 
tfarham  m  Suffolk,  sixty-eight  years,  and  died 
July  4  1850,  in  the  ninety-first  year  of  his  age 
(Life,  by  Freeman,  p.  505.) 

Dr.  William  Wall,  the  author  of  The  History  of 
Infant  Baptism,  was  vicar  of  Shoreham,  in  Kent 
bity-three  years,  and  died  January  13,  1727-g' 
aged    eighty-t™   years.      (Hook's   Ecclesiastical 

f  7  V     .Vm<  P-  642->     Dr-  Wal1  was  sue- 
ceed  d  in  the  vicarage  of  Shoreham  by  the  Rev 

' 


GEO.  I.  COOPER 
""' 


and  the  prices  in  manuscript.  There  were  many 
purchasers  of  the  works  of  the  above  flower- 
painter.  Among  them  are  the  names  of  Lady 
Weymouth,  who  bought  sixty-two  pieces,  Lady 
Stamford  twenty,  Lord  Brownlow  twenty-seven, 
Wedgewood  (the  potter)  eighty,  Lord  Parker 
nine,  Walker  ninety-two,  Shepherd  fifty-one, 
Morrison  thirty-six,  and  many  others.  I  find  the 
prices  varied  from  11.  3s.  to  8L  18*.  Qd.  the  lot  of 
four  paintings.  The  celebrated  Wedgewood  was 
a  purchaser  of  prints  and  other  things  at  this  sale, 
and  the  following  note  in  the  catalogue  regarding 
his  bidding  for  the  Barberini  Vase  may  not  be 
unacceptable:  —  "  1029J.,  bought  for  the  Duke  of 
Portland;  cost  the  Duchess  1300/.  Mem.,  the 
contest  for  the  vase  was  between  his  Grace  and 
Mr.  Wedgewood.  On  his  Grace  asking  Mr. 
Wedgewood  why  Ire  opposed  him,  he  replied,  'He 
was  determined  to  have  it,  unless  his  Grace  per- 
mitted him  to  take  a  mould  from  it  for  his  pottery, 
as  he  wished  to  possess  every  rare  specimen  of  art 
that  could  be  attained ; '  on  which  his  Grace  gave 
Wedgewood  his  consent,  and  the  vase  was  knocked 
down,  and  immediately  put  into  the  hands  of  Mr. 
Wedgewood,  who  has  moulded  from  the  same  in 
imitation  of  bronze,  &c." 

I  notice  Marryatt,  in  The  History  of  Porcelain, 
states  it  was  knocked  down  to  the  Duchess  at 
1800/.,  whereas  my  Catalogue  states  1029/.  Which 
is  correct  ?  A.  P.  D. 

REV.  THOMAS  CRAIG  (3rd  S.  iv.  325.)  —  The 
Rev.  Thomas  Craig,  minister  of  the  Associate 
Congregation  of  Whitby,  1789,  who  published 
Three  Sermons  on  Important  Subjects,  Whitby, 
1791,  of  the  time  of  whose  death  your  correspon- 
dent, S.  Y.  R.,  wishes  to  be  informed,  was  my 
lather.  He  died  in  the  year  1799. 

THOMAS  CRAIG, 

bixty-one  years  Pastor  of  the  Congregational 
Church  at  Booking. 

DR.  DAVID   LAMOKT   (3rd   S.  iv.  498.)  —  Dr 
David  Lament,  about  the  date  of  whose  death 

f'n  A  j  mak,es  in(luirv»  died  in  1837.  I  cannot 
tell  the  day  of  the  year,  but  that  may,  I  suppose, 
36  had,  from  any  contemporary  local  newspaper. 
He  was  Moderator  of  the  General  Assembly  of 
the  Church  of  Scotland  in  1822,  and  preached  be- 
fore King  George  IV.  in  the  High  Church  of 
Edinburgh,  on  the  forenoon  of  August  25,  same 

BAPTISMAL  NAMES  (3rd  S.  iii.  328;  iv.  508.)- 
should   say  that   in  case  of  any  objectionable 
name  being  given  at  the  font,  such  as  those  cited 
at  p.  328,  vol.  in.,  a  refusal  might  be  made  to  bap- 
se  on  the  ground  of  the  sponsors  attempting  to 
throw  scorn,   and   to   bring   contempt,    upon    so 
solemn  an  office  of  the   church.     1  very  much 
aoubt,  however,  whether  any  clergyman  could  re- 
fuse to  give  such  a  name  as  «  Bessie."     In  one  re- 


3rd  S.V.  JAX.  2, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


23 


gister  I  have  seen  tbe  name  "  Bob  "  recorded,  and 
a  clergyman  of  my  acquaintance  baptised  one  of 
his  own  children  by  the  name  "Tom."  "Kate," 
too,  is  of  frequent  occurrence.  Whether  Sir 
Thomas  Dick  Lander's  second  name  was  a  sur- 
name, or  an  abbreviation  of  Richard,  I  cannot 
say.  OXONIENSIS. 

TYDIBES  (3rJ  S.  iv.  139,  318.)—  I  have  no 
conjecture  as  to  who  or  wliat  is  intended  by 
"  Tydides;"  but  a  hint  or  two  may  put  others  in 
the  way  which  I  cannot  find.  Of  course  the  head 
of  the  clerical  Melanippus  on  the  table  is  that  of 
some  clergyman  ill-used  by  his  bishop,  —  perhaps 
his  preferment  eaten  up.  For  the  meal  of  Tydeus, 
see  Smith's  Classical  Dictionary,  iii.  1195. 

The  "  blazon"  of  Tydeus  is  given  by  ./Eschylus  : 


VTT 
a  8e  ir 


eV  /xe<ra> 


Septem  contra  Thebas,  \.  389. 

Tydides  has  added  to  the  arms  of  Tydeus, 
Gwillim  says  :  — 

"  He  beareth  azure,  the  sun,  the  full  moon,  and  the 
seven  starres,  or  ;  the  two  first  in  chiefe,  and  the  last 
of  orbicular  form  in  baee.  It  is  said  that  this  coate 
armour  pertained  to  Johannes  de  Fontibus,  sixth  bishop 
of  Ely,  who  had  that  (after  a  sorte)  in  his  escutcheon 
which  Joseph  had  in  his  dream."  —  Gwillim,  Display  of 
Heraldrie,  p.  123,  second  ed.  1632. 

Was  any  bishop  of  Ely,  about  a  century  ago, 
charged  (after  a  sorte)  with  ecclesiastical  can- 
nibalism ?  H.  B.  C. 

U.  U.  Club. 

CAPNOBATJE  (3rd  S.  iv.  497.)  —  The  only  in- 
formation I  am  aware  of,  respecting  the  Capno- 
batse,  is  in  the  French  translation  of  Strabo,  where 
it  is  suggested  that  intoxication  by  inhaling  smoke 
and  using  the  vapour  of  linseed  as  a  bath  are 
intended  by  that  designation,  referring  to  He- 
rodotus (i.  202,  iv.  75).  With  due  submission, 
I  think  this  very  doubtful.  Strabo,  in  the  section 
previous  to  the  mention  of  the  Capnobatse  (vn. 
iii.  2),  refers  to  the  Hippemolgi  (milkers  of 
mares),  Galactophagi  (people  who  live  on  milk), 
Abii  (people  devoid  of  ricnes),  Hamaxceci  (dwel- 
lers in  waggons)  ;  and  in  the  two  following  sec- 
tions he  mentions  the  Capnobatae  (people  who 
cover  the  smoke),  who  are  described  as  religious 
(0€o<re§e?y),  and  abstaining  from  animal  food  (<=/*- 
^ii>xuv)t  but  who  lived  in  a  quiet  way  on  honey, 
milk,  and  cheese.  They  were  also  remarkable 
(Strabo,  vn.  iii.  4)  for  living  in  a  state  of  celi- 
bacy, which  they  also  adopted  from  religious 
motives.  The  obvious  inference,  I  conceive,  is, 
that  requiring  no  cooking,  the  Capnobatse  closed 
the  aperture  (KWTJ/OB^KTJ)  which  served  as  a  chim- 
ney, and  thus  received  the  characteristic  descrip- 
tion of  Ka7n/o&£reH,  people  who  cover  the  smoke. 


Their  resemblance  to  the  Hindoos  cannot  escape 
notice :  — 

"  Contrary  to  what  might  have  been  expected  in  a  hot 
climate,  but  agreeable  to  the  custom  of  almost  all  Hin- 
doos, one  small  door  is  the  only  outlet  for  smoke,  and  the 
only  inlet  for  air  and  light."  ("The  Hindoos,"  L. E.  K. 
i.  387.) 

Their  state  of  celibacy  also  has  its  parallel 
amongst  the  Hindoos,  who,  by  destroying  female 
infants,  augment  the  ratio  of  the  males,  and  con- 
sequently of  unmarried  men,  leading  thereby  to 
the  legitimatised  prostitution  of  which  Ceylon  and 
the  Nairs  of  Malabar  furnish  examples.  (The 
Hindoos,  i.  247,  285-287.)  To  remedy  this  evil, 
marriage  is  rigidly  enforced  by  the  Hindoo  parent 
on  his  child,  even  prior  to  maturity,  and  the 
widower  speedily  provides  himself  with  another 
wife.  (Id.  i.  284.)  The  geographical  connection 
is  thus  shown :  "  Tartary,  or  the  environs  of 
Mount  Caucasus,  is  the  original  natal  soil  of  the 
Brahmins."  (Id.  i.  352.)  This  chain  reaches  to 
the  east  shore  of  the  Euxine,  whilst  the  Mysii  or 
Moesi,  amongst  whom  the  Capnobatas  are  found, 
occupy  the  south-western  and  western  coasts  of 
the  same  sea.  The  linguistic  connection  of  the 
Hindoos,  the  Romans  and  Greeks,  is  well  ascer- 
tained. This  brief  notice  of  the  Capnobatae,  which 
Strabo  extracts  from  Posidonius  (a  teacher  of 
Cicero),  is  an  historical  trace  of  what  has  been 
called  the  Thraco-Pelasgian  origin  of  the  Greeks. 

T.  J.  BUCK-TON. 

JOSEPH  WASHINGTON  (3rd  S.  iv.  516.)— He 
died  a  year  later  than  is  stated  in  the  reply  to 
C.  J.  R.,  as  his  will  was  dated  Feb.  25,  and 
proved  April  7,  1693-4.  He  describes  himself 
as,  not  of  Gray's  Inn,  but  "  of  the  Middle  Temple, 
Gentleman."  if  he  had  a  son  John,  he  was  probably 
dead  at  the  date  of  his  will,  for  he  provides  for 
his  "  only  daughter  Mary,"  and  then  leaves  the 
residue  of  his  property  to  his  son  Robert,  who  was 
still  living  in  1703.  The  daughter,  Mary,  was 
unmarried  in  1739,  when  she  proved  the  will  of 
her  aunt  Sarah  Rawson.  The  earliest  ancestor  to 
whom  I  can  yet  trace  him  positively  was  Richard 
Washington,  gent.,  of  co.  Westmoreland,  who,  ac- 
cording to  an  Inq.  p.  m.  died  Jan.  3,  1555-6.  He, 
Joseph  Washington,  is  mentioned  in  Wood's  Aihen. 
Oxon.  (ed.  Bliss)  iv.  394,  sub.  James  Harrington. 

J.  L.  C; 

HANDASYDE  (3rd  S.  iv.  29,  95,  432.)  —The  will 
of  the  Hon.  Major-General  Thomas  Handasyd 
(not  Handasyde),  who  died  in  his  eighty-fifth 
year,  March  26, 1729,  is  probably  at  Huntingdon. 

JOSEPH  Rix,  M.D. 

St.  Neot's. 

EARLY   MARRIAGES   (3rd  ,S.  iv.  515.)  — I  am 

much  interested  in  the  inquiry  started  by  VECTIS, 
and    am   tolerably   well    acquainted  with    social 


24 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


;OdS.  V.  JAN.  2, '64. 


science  literature;  but  do  not  know  that  any 
writer  has  entered  upon  a  scientific  demonstration 
of  the  postulate,  that  early  marriages  tend  to 
purity  of  morals.  The  statement  has  often  been 
made  in  fugitive  essays,  associated  with  a  con- 
demnation of  the  advice  given,  and  so  often  re- 
iterated by  a  certain  class  of  economists,  against 
early  marriages.  There  have  been  as  yet  no  data 
on  which  to  establish  it  positively.  The  statistics 
recently  published  in  relation  to  Scotland,  show- 
ing the  great  number  of  illegitimate  births  in 
excess  over  the  standard  of  Ireland,  and  even 
England — when  taken  in  connection  with  other 
established  facts— will  go  far  to  prove  that  "  fore- 
sight and  restraint"  in  entering  upon  marriage 
may  be  a  great  evil.  It  does  not  follow  that 
early  marriages  are  always  imprudent  ones ;  but 
that  doctrine  has  been  taught  to  a  most  injurious 
extent.  When  this  complex  question  is  entered 
upon  fairly,  and  the  condition  of  Ireland  con- 
trasted with  that  of  Scotland,  it  will  be  found 
that  great  mistakes  have  been  made  in  our  in- 
vestigations, and  that  hasty  conclusions  have  been 
arrived  at. 

The  whole  question  is  a  most  important  one, 
but  to  pursue  it  would  not  be  consistent  with  the 
objects  of  "  K  &  Q."  I  am  now  manipulating 
the  Statistical  Returns  of  the  Three  Kingdoms, 
with  the  view  of  elucidating  this  subject.  VECTIS 
will  do  well  to  consult  Quetelet.  In  his  Treatise 
on  Man  (see  Chamber's  People's  Edition)  will  be 
found  some  valuable  tables,  accompanied  by  his 
own  remarks.  Althcugh  he  does  not  enter  upon  i 
this  inquiry  specially,  his  chapters,  where  he  ' 
examines  into  the  causes  which  influence  the 
.ecundity  of  marriages,  may  be  read  with  much 
advantage  by  those  who  are  interested  in  the  i 
subject  immediately  before  us.  It  may  be  well 
also,  to  consult  Sadler's  work,  The  Law  of  Popu- 
lation. Both  these  works  were  published  before 
our  statistical  knowledge  had  assumed  a  definite 
form,  but  they  are  valuable  in  every  research  of 
this  kind.  rp  B 

REVALENTA  (3'd  S.  iv.  496.)  — I  remember  the  I 
it  introduction  of  the  article  now  called  "  Reva-  i 
lenta.      I  knew  the  man  who  first  prepared  it    I 
and  advertised  it  under  the  name  of  "  Ervalenta  " 
t  was  then  merely  the  meal  of  ground  lentils; 
the  Egyptian  sort,  but  the  common  lentil,  of 
i  lighter  colour.   The  botanical  name  of  the  lentil 
Entm  lens;  and  probably  the  name  Ervalenta 
found  rather  too   transparent:    and  so,  by 
transposing  the  first  two  letters,  the  article  was  ! 

etter  concealed,  and  some  mystification  gained— 
and  the  preparation  is  now  named  "Revalenta." 

F.  C.  H. 
PAPEB-MAKERS'  /TRADE   MARKS    (3rd   S.   iv. 

IfifcTir  Abtiif  any  classifi(*tion  of  the  trade 
marks  of  the  old  paper-makers,  and  the  water- 


!  marks  in  their  papers,  has  ever  been  published ; 

1  but  the  late  Mr.  Dawson  Turner  had  collected  a 
large  quantity  of  specimens  of  old  paper,  which 
he  showed  me  with  great  self-gratulation  on  his 
success  in  what  he  believed  to  be  a  hitherto  mi- 
pursued  inquiry.  He  entered  into  the  subject 
with  lively  interest ;  had  all  his  samples  of  paper 
arranged  in  chronological  order,  and  initiated  me 
readily  in  the  mysteries  of  "  Pot,"  "  Crown," 
"Feather,"  and  "Foolscap."  I  quite  understood 
from  him  that  he  could  determine  the  age  of  the 
paper  by  its  texture  and  water-mark.  Whether 
he  contemplated  the  publication  of  the  results  of 
his  researches  in  this  line,  I  do  not  know  ;  nor 
have  I  any  idea  what  became  of  his  large  collec- 
tion of  old  papers,  which  I  suppose  were  sold,  to- 
gether with  his  extensive  library,  and  very  curious 
and  valuable  collections  in  various  other  depart- 
ments. F.  C.  H. 

CHRISTIAN  NAMES  (3rd  S.  iv.  369,  416,  525.)— 
|  A  correspondent  asks,  how  we  are  to  account  for 
I  the  great  prevalence  of  Pagan  names  in  a  Catholic 
country  like  France,   if,   as  I  had  asserted,  the 
j  Catholic  Church  so   much  disapproves  of  Chris- 
I  tians    bearing    baptismal   names   which    are   not 
|  Christian,  and  admonishes  her  clergy  not  to  tole- 
I  rate  them  ?     I  answer  that  the  first  Revolution, 
|  when  Christianity  was  openly  disowned,  and  clas- 
|  sical  models  were  affected  in  everything,  will  ac- 
i  count  in  great  measure   for  the  introduction  of 
Pagan  names ;  but  it  must  also  be  remembered 
that  many  such  names  are  also  the  names  of  Chris- 
tian saints,  and  as  such  allowable.     The  following 
occur  to  me  at  this  moment:  Achilles,  Alexander^ 
Apollo,  Bacchus,  Horace,  Justin,  Leander,  Lucian, 
Marcian,  Martial,  Marius,  Nestor,  Plato,  Pollio, 
Socrates,  Valerian.  F.  C.  H. 

As    MAD   AS   A    HATTER  (2nd  S.  iv.    462.) 

Although  an  inquiry  respecting  this  simile  ap- 
peared in  "  N.  &  Q."  as  far  back  as  June  1860, 
it  has  not  hitherto  elicited  a  reply.  The  phrase, 
however,  has  now  again  come  up  in  that  very 
amusing  volume,  Capt.  Gronow's  Recollections  and 
Anecdotes,  2nd  series  [may  it  be  followed  by  a 
third!]  1863,  pp.  151,  152  :— «  on  the  subject  of 
politics,  my  dear  Alvanley,  he  is  as  mad  as  a 
hatter." 

One  is  at  a  loss  to  understand  why  a  hatter 
should  be  made  the  type  of  insanity  rather  than 
a  tailor  or  a  shoemaker ;  but  may  not  the  phrase 
in  question  be  thus  explained?  The  French 
compare  an  incapable  or  weak-minded  person  to 
an  oyster  :  — «  He  reasons  like  an  oyster"  (huitre). 
i  would  suggest,  therefore,  that,  through  simi- 
larity of  sound,  the  French  huitre  may,  in  the 
case  before  us,  have  given  occasion  to  the  Eng- 
lish Chatter."  From  "  II  raisonne  comrae  une 
nuijre  may  have  come  out  "  as  mad  as  a  hatter" 

Ihere  are  other  similar  instances,  where  sound 


3"1  S.  V.  JAN.  2,  '04  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


25 


3  followed  rather  than  signification.  So  in  our 
'ernacular  phrase,  "  That's  the  cheese ; "  i.  e. 
1  That's  the  thing"  (chose}.  SCHIN. 

JOHN  HARRISON  (3rd  S.  iv.  526.)  —  "  Johan 
lorrins"  is  of  course  an  anagram  of  John  Har- 
ison.  What  was  the  relation  of  this  person  to 
iis  hero,  "Longitude"  Harrison,  and  what  led 
lini  to  adopt  so  transparent  a  device  for  concealing 
iis  identity  ?  JOB  J.  B.  WORKARD. 

STEPMOTHERS'  BLESSINGS  (3rd  S.  iv.  492.)— The 
roublesome  splinters  of  skin,  which  are  often 
ormed  near  the  roots  of  the  nails,  are  probably 
;alled  "stepmother's  blessings,"  upon  the  same 
>rinciple  that  they  are  called  "  back-friends ; " 
>oth  expressions  designating  something  odious, 
,nd  bringing  no  good.  F.  C.  H. 

"  JOLLY  NOSE  "  (3rd  S.  iv.  488.)  —  An  edition 
>f  Olivier  Basselin's  Vaux  de  Vire  was  published 
»y  M.  Louis  du  Bois  in  1821,  together  with  some 
Gorman  songs  of  the  fifteenth  century  from  a 
kIS.  till  then  unedited.  JOB  J.  B.  WORKARD. 

JANE  THE  FOOL  (3rd  S.  iv.  453,  523.)  —Some 
•f  the  entries  relating  to  this  person  in  Sir  F. 
tfadden's  edition  of  the  Privy  Purse  Expenses  of 
he  Princess  Mary  would  seem  to  suggest  that  she 
ras  the  victim  of  mental  disease.  The  first  entry 
n  which  she  is  mentioned  bears  date  1537.  In 
543,  in  four  successive  months,  March,  April, 
kiay,  and  June,  there  is  a  charge  of  4fl.  per  month 
or  shaving  her  head.  In  July  there  is  a  charge 
or  22.9.  Qd.  paid  to  her  during  sickness.  In 
August,  her  head  is  again  shaved.  In  the  suc- 
:eeding  January,  the  charge  for  shaving  her  head 
s  8c?.,  and  a  like  entry  appears  in  July,  August, 
,nd  September,  1544.  All  the  other  entries  re- 
erring  to  her  are  for  clothing.  In  1556,  she  had 
orne  disorder  of  the  eye.  Is  there  anything  to 
how  that  she  acted  as  a  jester  ? 

JOB  J.  B.  WORKARD. 

EARTHENWARE  VESSELS  FOUND  IN  CHURCHES 
1st  and  2nd  S.  passim.) — Numerous  communica- 
ions  have  appeared  in  the  1st  and  2nd  Series  of 
1  N.  &  Q."  on  the  subject  of  the  earthen  jars,  or 
>ots,  which  have  been  found  in  several  churches 
mbedded  in  the  masonry,  and  generally  under- 
leath  the  stalls  of  the  choir.  In  one  of  these 
,1st  S.  x.  434),  I  described  a  jar  of  this  kind  in 
ay  possession;  which  was  found,  in  1851,  be- 
leath  the  choir  of  St.  Peter's  Mancroft,  Norwich. 
.  saw  several  of  the  jars  as  they  lay  in  the  ma- 
onry  horizontally,  with  their  mouths  outward, 
hough  it  could  not  be  ascertained  whether  they 
iver  protruded  or  appeared  in  the  wall.  I  gave 
in  opinion  that  they  might  have  been  intended 
or  sepulchral  vases,  to  receive  the  ashes  of  th& 
leart,  or  some  other  part  of  the  body  of  the 
ianons  ;  but  that  opinion  I  have  for  some  time 
ixchanged  for  the  far  more  probable  one,  that 


they  were  intended  to  increase  the  sound  of  the 
singing. 

Indeed,  I  consider  the  question  quite  set  at 
rest  by  a  recent  paper  in  the  Gentleman's  Maga- 
zine for  November  last,  where  the  following  is 
quoted  from  the  Chronicle  of  the  Order  of  the 
Celestines  at  Metz,  for  the  year  1432  :  — 

"  It  was  ordered  that  pots  should  be  made  for  the  choir 
of  the  church  of  Ceans,  he  (Br.  Odo)  stating  that  he  had 
seen  such  in  another  church,  and  thinking  that  they 
made  the  chanting  resound  more  strongly." 

It  is  added,  that  such  jars  have  been  found  in 
several  churches  in  France,  inserted  horizontally 
in  the  wall,  with  their  mouths  emerging.  F.  C.  H. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

St.  Patrick,  Apostle  of  Ireland',  a  Memoir  of  his  Life  and 
Mission;  with  an  Introductory  Dissertation  on  some 
early  Usages  of  the  Church  in  Ireland,  and  its  historical 
Position  from  the  Establishment  of  the  English  Colony  to 
the  present  Day.  By  Jas.  Henthorn  Todd,  D.D.,  &c. 
Dublin.  (Hodges,  Smith,  &  Co.) 
Any  of  our  readers  who  have  ever  toiled  (as  was 
lately  our  own  fortune)  through  the  previous  biographies 
of  St.  Patrick,  and  tried  to  sift  truth  from  fable  in  the 
writings  of  Ussher,  Ware,  Betham,  Lanigan,  and  Cotton, 
will  appreciate  the  welcome  with  which  we  opened  this 
scholarly  memoir  of  Dr.  Todd.  The  accomplished  author 
has  studied  to  produce  a  complete  monograph  upon  the 
early  history  of  Christianity  in  Ireland,  subjoining  be- 
sides some  supplementary  remarks  on  the  present  posi- 
tion of  the  Established  Church.  He  thinks  it  necessary 
to  argue  for  the  historical  existence  of  the  Saint,  in  oppo- 
sition to  the  ultra-Protestant  extravagance,  which  would 
resolve  the  Apostle  of  Ireland  into  a  mythical  personage; 
he  denies  Patrick's  asserted  commission  from  Pope  Celes- 
tine,  as  wanting  authority  to  establish  it,  and  scouts  the 
later  fables  by  which  the  Saint's  real  history  has  been 
obscured.  He  discusses  the  wholesale  conversion  of  the 
Irish  clans  under  the  influence  of  their  chiefs,  and  their 
relapse  into  Druidistn  after  Patrick  had  been  removed— 
a  useful  lesson  to  our  missionaries  in  the  present  day. 
He  examines  minutely  into  the  singular  episcopate  which 
obtained  so  long  among  the  Irish,  and  the  multiplication 
of  bishops  without  a  see,  whose  wandering  ministrations 
were  as  unwelcome  to  the  English  prelates  of  the  day  as 
Irish  preaching  has  since  been  among  ourselves.  "He 
describes  at  length  the  ancient  monastic  institutions  of 
the  country,  which  Patrick  was  so  instrumental  in  in- 
augurating, and  in  connection  with  some  of  the  monks, 
tells  a  curious  story  of  primitive  copy-right  law,  which 
will  amuse  some  of  our  literary  readers.  St.  Finnian 
possessed  a  beautiful  copy  of  the  Gospels ;  St.  Coiumba 
borrowed  it,  and  made  a  transcript  of  it  by  stealth.  Fin- 
nian heard  of  the  fraud,  and  claimed  the  copy  as  his 
own ;  and  King  Diarmait,  before  whom  the  holy  monks 
carried  their  cause,  decided  in  Finniau's  favour,  with  the 
remark,  "  that  as  the  cow  is  the  owner  of  her  calf,  so  the 
Book  is  the  owner  of  any  transcript  made  from  it."  But 
for  more  of  this  sort,  and  for  a  great  deal  more  valuable 
learning,  we  must  send  our  readers  to  Dr.  Todd's  in- 
teresting and  scholarly  volume. 

The  Seven  Ages  of  Man,  Described  by  William  Shakspearc, 
Depicted  by  Robert  Smirke.     (L.  Booth.) 
The  late  Robert  Smirke's  Illustrations  of  Shakspeare's 

Seven  Ages  are  almost  as  well  known  as  the  matchless 


26 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  JAN.  2,  '64. 


bit  of  description  which  callei  them  into  existence. 
Thev  are  here  reproduced  in  miniature  by  Photography, 
together  with  the  Droeshout  Portrait  and  the  Monument 
and  form  a  quaint  and  interesting  little  volume. 
Letters  of  Queen  Margaret  of  Anjou  and  Bishop  Beching- 
ton  and  others.  Written  in  the  Reigns  of  Henry  V.  and 
Henry  VI.  From  a  MS.  found  at  Emral  in  Flintshire. 
Edited  by  Cecil  Monro,  Esq.  (Camden  Society.) 
When  we  say  that  this  volume  contains  a  series  of 
earlv  letters  comprising,  first,  Forty-two  Letters  written 
during  the  reign  of  Henry  V.  and'Henry  VI.  before  his 
Marriage ;  secondly,  seventeen  Letters  of  Bishop  Beck- 
ington,  written  for  the  most  part  in  the  year  1442,  when, 
being  then  King's  Secretary,  he  was  on  the  point  of 
embarking  as  Ambassador  to  the  Count  of  Armagnac ; 
and  thirdly,  Letters  of  Queen  Margaret  of  Anjou  after 
her  Marriage  in  1445  ;  and  that  the  whole  space  of  time 
covered  by  these  Letters  may  be  stated  roughly  at  about 
forty  years,  namely,  from  the  Battle  of  Agincourt  to  the 
Commencement  of  the  Wars  of  the  Roses,  we  have  said 
enough  to  prove  the  obligations  which  historical  students 
are  under  to  the  Rev.  Theophilus  Pulston  for  permitting 
their  publication,  to  Mr.  Cecil  Monro  for  the  care  and 
learning  with  which  he  has  edited  them,  and  to  the 
Camden  Society  for  its  judicious  application  of  its  funds 
in  giving  so  curious  a  series  of  documents  to  the  press. 

A  Dictionary  of  the  Bible,  comprising  Antiquities,  Bio- 
graphy, Geography,  and  Natural  History.  By  various 
Writers.  Edited  by  William  Smith,  LL.D.  Part  XI. 
(Murray.) 

This  eleventh  Part  of  Dr.  Smith's  valuable  Dictionary 
of  the  Bible  will  be  welcome  to  many  of  our  clerical 
friends,  more  especially  those  who  took  in  the  first  volume 
in  Monthly  Parts — partly  because  it  contains  the  valuable 
Appendices  to  that  volume,  and  more  particularly  as  an 
evidence  of  the  intention  of  the  Publisher  to  afford  them 
the  same  facilities  for  procuring  the  completion  of  the 
work. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  Ac.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  au- 
diejscs  are  (riven  for  that  purpose:  — 
COUNT  D«  GALVEY  ON  THE  MEANS  OF  DIRECTING  AEROSTATIC  MACHINES. 

K994. 
ST.  TAKIN  DE  BERTBOLA,  DBS  AVANTAOE  PHYSIQUE,  &c.  DBS  AEROSTAT. 

-v   ,  1784. 
THOMAS  MARTYN,    HI.VTS   OF  IMPORTANT   U»ES   TO   BE    DERIVED  FROM 

AiRokTATic  GLOBES.    4to,  1784. 
DCM  or  BRCNSWICK,  THOUGHTS  OF   A  COSMOPOLITE   ON  AIR  BALLOONS. 

(German.)    Hamburg.    8vo,  1734. 
STEPHEN    CALVI,   A   METHOD   OF    DIRECTING    BALLOONS.     Milan.    8vo, 

BALLMJ.V  INTELLIGENCE  FOR  1~A5_G—  7. 

LT  -GKS.  MONET'S  TREATISE  ON   THE  USE  OF   BALLOONS  IN  MILITAKY 

OPERATIONS.    8vo,  1806. 

AKRON  AIT.CA  8vtTK>«A,J.  Wise.    3  Vol«.  8vo.    Delf,  1S50. 
AEROPLASTIC  ART—  CHARVOLANT.     1851. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  John  Wilson,  93,  Great  Russell  Street,  W.C. 


.  '  °r  *  F°rm  °f  S°Und  W°rds>  b  7  Joha 

Wantcd  by  M.  A.,  13,  Bentinclc  Street,  Manchester  Square,  London. 


t0  C0rrctfpouteuti». 


In  consequence  of  the  length  to  which  tome  of  the  Papers  in  the  nresenf 
Xunter  Aut*  extended,  Jthouah  Wt  have  enlarged  It  to  32 S,  We 
hwbeen .compelUd  to  postpone  many  article*  °of  great  intS%?intil 

it  completed<  wai 


^^»S^%^*?Sa^ss5^^ 


17D! The" Line.*  on  a  mind  Boy,"  b>/  Robert  T.  Conrad,  are  printed 

among  his  poems  in  Aylmere,  or  the  Bondmun  of  Kent,  8vo,  1852,  p.  195, 
The  poem  fs  too  long  for  quotation. 

OLD  MORTALITY.  Only  one  volume  «.-««  pvlUslied  <>/"8epulclirorum  lu- 
scriptioues,  by  James  Jones,  8vo,  1727,  pp.  384,  with  an  Index  of  23  pp. 

W.  P.  P.  A  Concordance  to  Shakspeare,  Lcrnrl.  1787,  8yo,  is  by  An- 
drew Bucket The.  authorship  of  The  Turkish  Spy  xtHl  remains  a 

vexata  quaestio. 

"NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  MontJis  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publisher  (.including  the  Half- 
i/earlif  INDEX)  is  Us.  4rf.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order, 
payable  at  the  Strand  Post  Office,  in  favour  of  WILLIAM  G.  SaiiTH,32, 
WELLI  GTON  STKKKT,  STHAND,  W.C.,  to  whom  all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR 
THE  EDITOR  ahould  be  ad'Jtressed. 

"NOTES  &  QUERIES  "  is  registered  for  transmission  abroad. 


Horniinan's  Tea  is  choice  and  strong,  moderate  in  price,  and  wJiole- 
some  to  use.  These  advantages  have  secured  for  this  Tea  a  general 
preference.  It  is  sold  in  packets  by  2,280  Agents. 


HEALTH  AND  EASE  in  the  Duty  or  Pastime  of  Study  are  effec- 
tually promoted  by  Letts's  Reading  Easels.  They  are  adapted  to  any 
Chair,  Couch,  or  Bed,  at  20s.,  30s.,  45s. ;  and  with  Writing  Desk,  at  70s. 
Spring  Candlesticks,  with  shade,  6--.  6d.  extra.  Letts's  Pocket  Book 
Companions,  adapted  to  all  sizes,  with  Knife,  Scis-ors,  &c.  Catalogues 
Gratis,  at  all  Booksellers',  and  LETTS,  8,  Royal  Exchange. 


Now  readv,  neatlv  printed,  in  Foolscap  8vo,  price  5s. 

CHO'lCE    NOTES 

FKOM 

NOTES    AND    Q.UERIES. 

POZ.K  LORE. 


ON  the  completion  of  the  First  Series  of  NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 
it  was  suggested  from  many  quarters,  that  a  selection  of  the  more 
curious  articles  scattered  through  the  twelve  volumes  would  be  wel- 
come to  a  numeroois  body  of  readers.  It  was  said  that  such  a  selection, 
judiciously  madefwould  not  only  add  to  a  class  of  books  of  which  we 
have  too  few  in  English  literature,  —  we  mean  books  of  the  pleasant 
gossiping  character  of  the  French  ANA  for  the  amusement  of  the 
general  reader,  —  but  would  serve  in  some  measure  to  supply  the  place 
of  the  entire  series  to  those  who  might  not  possess  it. 

It  has  been  determined  to  carry  out  this  idea  by  the  publication  of  a 
few  small  volumes,  each  devoted  to  a  particular  subject.  The  first, 
which  was  published  some  time  since,  is  devoted  to  History  :  and  we 
trust  that  whether  the  reader  looks  at  the  value  of  the  original  docu- 
ments there  reprinted,  or  the  historical  truths  therein  established,  he 
will  be  disposed  to  address  the  book  in  the  words  of  Cowper,  so  happily 
suggested  by  Mr.  Peter  Cunningham  as  the  appropriate  motto  or 
NOTES  AND  QUERIES  itself, - 

"  By  thee  I  might  correct,  erroneous  oft, 
The  clock  of  History  —  facts  and  events 
Timing  more  punctual,  unrecorded  facts 
Recovering,  and  mis-stated  setting  right." 
While  on  the  other  hand  the  volume,  from  its  miscellaneous  character, 
has,  we  hope,  been  found  an  acceptable  addition  to  that  pleasant  class 
of  books  which  Horace  Walpole  felicitously  describes  as  "lounging 
books,  books  which  one  takes  up  in  the  gout,  low  spirits,  ennui,  or 
when  one  is  waiting  for  company." 

Now  ready,  neatly  printed,  in  Foolscap  8vo,  price  5s. 

CHOICE    NOTES 

FROM 

NOTES      AND      QUERIES. 


HISTORY. 


"It  is  full  of  curious  matter,  pleasant  to  read,  and  well  worthy  of 
preservation  in  permanent  shape."  —Leader. 

London  :  BELL  &  DALDY,  186,  Fleet  Street. 


BOOKBINDING  — in    the  -MONASTIC,    GBOLIER, 
MAIOLI  and  ILLUMINATED  styles -in  the  most  superior 
manner,  by  English  and  Foreign  Workmen. 

JOSEPH  ZAEHNSDORF, 
BOOKBINDER  TO  THE  KING  OF  HANOVER, 

English  and  Foreign  Bookbinder, 
30,  BRYDGES  STREET,  COVENT  GARDEN,  W.C. 


3rd  S.  V.  JAN.  2,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

WESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

f  T      AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LITE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHIEF  OFFICES  :  S,  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 
77,  KING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


H.E.Bicknell.Esq. 

T.Somers  Cocke,Esq.,M.A.,J.P. 

Qeo.  H.  Drew,  Esq.,  M.  A. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.H.Goodhart.Esq.,J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,  M.P. 

Peter  Hood,  Esq. 


Directors, 

The  Hon.  R.  E.Howard,  D.C.L. 
James  Hunt,  Esq. 
John  Leigh,  Esq. 
Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.B.  Marson.  Esq. 


E.  Vansittart  Neale,  Esq.,M.A. 
Bonamy  Price,  Esq.,M.A. 
Jas.  LjsSear<      Esq. 
Thomas  Star       Esq 
John  B.  White,  Esq. 


Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.  A. 
Actuary.—  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.  A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  oi  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  aa 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society's  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Kates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Kates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  tue  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MK.DICAX  MEN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHARGE  MADE  FOR  POLICY  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready,  price  14*. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
mnch  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 

O  S  T   E   O       E  X  D   O   CT. 

Patent,  March  1,  1862,  No.  560. 

flABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH    and 

\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 
27,  Harlcy  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London; 

134.  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street.  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  inc.,  see  "  Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth/'    Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set.  warranted. 


El.    HOW 
FLEET-STR 
RIPT1ON  of 


HOWARD,    SURGEON-DENTIST,    52, 

-STREET,  has  introduced  an  ENTIRELY  NEW 
of  ARTIFICIAL  TEETH,  fixed  without  springs, 
wires,  or  ligature;).  They  so  perlectly  resemble  the  natural  teeth  as 
not  to  be  distinguished  from  the  originals  by  the  closest  observer  ;  they 
will  never  change  colour  or  decay,  and  will  be  found  superior  to  any 
teeth  ever  before  used.  This  method  docs  not  require  the  extraction  of 
roots,  or  any  painful  operation,  and  will  support  and  preserve  teeth 
that  arc-  loose,  and  is  guaranteed  to  restore  articulation  and  mastica- 
tion. Decayed  teeth  stopped  and  rendered  sound  and  useful  in  mas- 
tication—Si, Fleet  Street. 


PIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

MAGNOLIA.  WHITE  ROSE,  FRANGIPANNI,  GERA- 
NIUM, PA  1CHOULY,  EVER-SWEET,  JvEW-MOWN  HAY  and 
1 ,000  others.  2«.  6d.  each._2,  New  Bond  Street,  London/ 

TJOLLOWAY'S    OINTMENT    AND   PILLS.— 

11     UNERRING  PRECISION.-When  the  health  is  breaking  down 
n  the  continuance  oi  some  weakening  discharge,  when  ulcers  refuse 
to  heal,  and  extending  mischief  is  threatened,  then  is  the  time  to  try 
the  potency  of  Holloway's  healing  Ointment  and  purifying  Pills.    No 
treatment  tor  giving  ease  and  safety  leading  to  a  cure  can  be  compared 
J  this.    The  Ointment  cleans  and  cools  the  foulest  and  most  angry 
>res,  diminishes  the  inflammation,  reduces  the  swelling,  prevents  the 
*r°w.th.of  pr?ud  fle"h'  and  sPart'8  both  Puin  ''lld  danger.    Hundreds 
fy  fiom  their  own  personal  experience  to  the  unvarying  success  at- 
tending the  use  of  Holloway's  medicaments  in  cases  of  ulcerated  legs 
enlarged  veins,  scurfy  skin,  and  swelled  ankles. 


I 


MPERIAL    LIFE    INSURANCE    COMPANY, 

1,  OLD  BROAD  STREET,  E.C. 

Instituted  A.D.  1820. 

A  SUPPLEMENT  to  the  PROSPECTUS,  showing  the  advantages 
of  the  Bonus  System,  may  be  had  on  application  to 

8AMUEL  INGALL,  Actuary. 

HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:  — 
Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24a. 
per  dozen 

--      and     perdoz- 


. 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne  ......  36s.,  4?s.  „  48s*. 

Good  Dinner  Sherry  ........................  24s.  ,  tos 

Port  ..................................  248..30*.  „  36*.       " 


They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120s.  perdoz. 

Vintage  1834  ............    „    108s. 

Vintage  1840  ..............     84s. 

Vintage  1S17  ..............     72s.       " 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry,  36s.,  42s., 
4Rs.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s.,  4  2s.,  48s.,  60s.,  72s.,  84s.;  Hochhei- 
mer,  Marcobrunner,  Rudesheimer,  Steinberg,  Leibfraumilch,  60s.; 
Johaunesberger  and  Steinberger,  72s.,  84s.,  to  120s.  ;  Braunberger,  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Scharzberg.  48s.  to  84s.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48s.,  60s..  6«s., 
78s.;  very  choice  Champagne,  60s.  78s.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Luchrymae  Christi,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  doz.  : 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  141s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference^  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  s  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 
(  Originally  eatablished  A.D.  1667.) 


CAMPBELL'S  OLD  GLENLIV AT  WHISKY.— 

\J  At  this  season  of  the  year.  J.  Campbell  begs  to  direct  attention  to 
this  fine  eld  MALT  WHISKY,  of  which  he  has  h.  Id  a  large  stock  for 
30  years,  price  20s.  per  gallon;  Sir  John  Power's  old  Irish  Whisky,  18s.; 
Hennessey's  very  old  Pale  Brandy,  32s.  per  gallon  (J.  C.'s  extensive 
business  in  French  Wines  gives  him  a  thorough  knowledge  of  the 
Brandy  market):  E.  Clicquot's  Champagne,  «6s.  per  dozen;  Sherry, 
Pale,  <>olden,  or  Brown,  30s.,  36s.,  and  42s.j  Poit  from  the  wood,  30s. 
and  36s.,  crusted,  42s.,  48s.  and  54s.  Note.  —  J.  Campbell  confidently 
recommends  hisViu  de  Bordeaux,  at  20s.  per  dozen,  which  greatly  im- 
proves by  keeping  in  bottle  two  or  three  years.  Remittances  or  town 
references  should  be  addressed  JAMES  CAMPBEU,,  158,Regeut  Street. 


SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

•WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 

"THE    ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERRINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
should  see  that  LEA  &  PERRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapoer,  Label, 
Bottle,  and  Stopper. 

ASK  FOB  LEA.  AND  PEKBINS'  SAUCE. 

***  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors.  Worcester: 
MESSRS.  CRObSE  and  BLACJKWELL,  MESSRS.  BARCLAY  and 
SONS,  Lon don,  &c..  &c. ;  and  by  Grocers  and  Oilmen  universally. 

CAPTAIN    WHITE'S 

ORIENTAL  PICKLE,  CURRY,  or  MULLIGA- 
TAWNY PASTE. 

Curry  Powder,  and  Curry  Sauce,  may  be  obtained  from  all  Sauce- 
Vendors,  and  Wholesale  of 

CROSSE  &  BLACKWELL,  Purveyors  to  the  Queen,  Soho  Square, 
London. 


Dinneford's  Pure  Fluid  Magnesia 

Has  been,  during  twenty-five  years,  emphatically  sanctioned  by  the 
Medical  Profession,  and  universally  accepted  by  the  Public,  as  the 
Best  Remedy  tor  Aeidity  of  the  Stomach,  Heartburn,  Headache,  Gout, 
ana  Indigestion,  and  as  a  Mild  Aperient  for  delicate  constitutions,  more 
especially  for  Ladies  and  Children.  When  combined  with  the  Acidu- 
lated Lemon  Syrup,  it  forms  an  AGREEABLE  EFPEKVESCINO  D^AO.OHT, 
in  which  its  Aperient  qualities  are  much  increased.  During  Hot 
Seasons,  and  lu  Hot  Climates,  the  regular  use  of  thin  simple  and  elegant 
remedy  has  been  found  highly  beneficial.  It  is  prepared  (in  a  state 
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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


27 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JANUARYS.  1864. 

CONTENTS.  —No.  106. 
NOTES:— Walter  Travers,  B.D.,  &c,  27  —  Justice   Allan 

Park  28  —  James  Kirkwood,  29  -  Of  Wit,  30  —  Dr.  Robert 
"  Wauchop,  31  —  A  Passion  for  witnessing  Executions  — 

Longevity  —  Michael  Johnson  of  Lichfield  —  Amen  —  Ring 

Mottoes  — Charlemont  Earldom  and  Viscount,  33 
QUERIES :— Anonymous— Mrs.  Barbauld's  Prpse  Hymns  — 

Burial-place  of  Still-born  Children-Churchwarden  Query 

—  Captain  Alexander  Cheyne— Earl  of  Dalhousie  —  "  Fais 
ce  que  tu  dois,"  Ac.— Giants  and  Dwarfs  —  General  Lam- 
bert —  The  Laird  of  Lee— Language  given  to  Man  to  con- 
ceal  his  Thoughts  —  Harriett  Livermore:  the  Pilgrim 
Stranger  —  Madman's  Pood  tasting  of  Oatmeal  Porridge- 
Sir  Edward  May  -  Rev.  Peter  Peckard,  D.D.  —  Penny 
Loaves  at  Funerals  -Mr.  W.  B.  Rhodes -Scottish  For- 
mula —  Trade  and  Improvement  of  Ireland  —  Wild  Men 

—  Portrait  of  General  Wolf  by  Gainsborough,  33. 
QUERIES  WITH  ANSWEBS  :  —  "  Adamus  Exul "  of  Grotius— 

Cambridge  Bible  —  Britannia  on  Pence  and  Halfpence  — 
John  Wigan,  M.D.  — John  Reynolds  —  Richard  Gedney  — 
Arms  of  Sir  William  Sennoke  —  Wegh  —  Twelfth  Night : 
the  worst  Pun— Portrait  of  Bishop  Horsley  —  "  Educa- 
cation,"  36 

REPLIES :  —Jeremy  Collier  on  the  Stage,  &c.,  38— Roman 
Games,  39  — St.  Patrick  and  the  Shamrock,  40— Harvey 
of  Wangey  House,  42  —Virgil's  Testimony  to  our  Saviour's 
Advent  —  Richard  Adams — Thomas  Coo  —  George  Bankes 

—  Quotation  — Sir  Nicholas  Throgmorton  —  Pen-tooth— 
Margaret  Fox  —  Frith  — Tedded  Grass  —  Pew  Rents  — 
Longevity   of  Clergymen— May:    Tri-Milchi— Pholeys, 
&C..42. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


WALTER  TR AVERS,' B.D., 

SOMETIME   LECTURER  AT    THE   TEMPLE,   AND     PROVOST 
OF  TRINITY  COLLEGE,   DUBLIN. 

Born  circa  1548;  died  in  London,  Jan.  1634. 
In  no  published  memoir  of  the  life  of  this  cele- 
brated divine,  have  I  ever  met  with  an  account 
of  his  parentage,  or  the  place  of  his  birth ;  the 
following  notes,  may,  therefore,  be  of  use  to  some 
future  biographer,  and  save  him^the  trouble  of  a 
protracted  search. 

The  will  of  "Walter  Travers,  Clerk,"  was 
proved  in  London,  at  the  Prerogative  Court,  on 
Jan.  24,  1634,  and  in  a  clause  of  it  is  contained 
this  brief  reference  to  his  family :  — 

"  My  father  dying  seized  of  three  tenements  in  Not 
tingham,  left  the  one  to  his  daughter  Anne,  and  the  other 
two  to  his  three  sonnes  then  liveing,  that  is,  to  me  the 
said  Walter,  the  Eldest,  John  the  next,  and  Humphry, 
the  youngest,''  &c. 

Following  up  this  clue,  I  recently  found  that, 
among  the  inhabitants  of  Nottingham  chargeable 
to  the  subsidies  of  the  35th  and  37th  Hen.  VIII 
and  the  13th  Eliz.,  there  lived,  at  "  Brydelsmyth 
Gate,  wtbin  ye  towne  of  Notyngham,"  a  certain 
"  Walterus  Travers,"  by  occupation  a  "  Gold- 
smyth."  I  was  afterwards  lucky  enough,  at 
York,  to  meet  with  his  will ;  and  as  it,  at  once 
proves  that  the  goldsmith  was  father  to  the  divine 
I  think  I  need  not  apologise  to  the  readers  o 
"  N.  &  Q."  for  giving  it  in  full :  — 


•'  In  the  Name  of  God,  Amen :   the  fiftenth  daie  of 
September,  in  the  yeare  of  oure  Lorde  God  a  thousande, 
ve  Jhundrith,  seaventie  and  five,  I  Walter  Travers,  of 
he  Towne  of  Nottinghm,  Gold  Smythe,  beinge  weeke 
nd  feeble  in  bodie,  but  of  good,  sownde,  and  perfect  re- 
membrance, thanks  be  to  God  thearfore,  do  ordaine  and 
make  this  my  laste  Will  and  Testamente,  in  mannr  and 
orme  followeinge :  First,  and  before  all  thinges,  I  comende 
me  into  the  handes  of  oure  Lorde,  who  haste  created 
and  redemed  me,  beschinge  the  most  humblye,  for  Jesus 
Christe  sake,  pardon  and  forgiveness  of  all  my  synes ; 
asseuringe  myself  also  undoubtedlie,  as  trustinge  to  thy 
iromeys,  O  lorde,  which  cannot  deceave,  that,  altho'  I 
>e  in  my  selffe  most  unworthie  of  thy  Grace,  yet,  for  that 
'esus  Christe,  thoue  wilte  receive  me  to  the.    Not  ac- 
omptinge  to  me  my  synnes  for  whiche  he  hathe  suffered, 
and  fully  satisfied  thie  Justice  allredie ;  but  imputing  to 
me,  of  thie  fre  grace  and  mercie,  that  holynes  and  obe- 
dience whiche  he  hathe  performed,  to  thie  moste  perfecte 
awe,  for  all  those  that  shoulde  beleve  in  hime,  and  come 
unto  the,  in  his  name.    Withe  faithe,  0  lorde,  seinge  that 
of  thy  goodnes  thoue  haste  wroughte  and  planted  in  me, 
ay  the  preachinge  of  the  hollie  gospell,  I  stedfastelie  hope 
for  the  performance  of  thy  promyse,   and  everlastinge 
liffe  in  Jesus  Christe.    This  blessed  hope  shall  reste  with 
me  to  the  laste  daie,  that  thoue  rayse  me  upp  agane,  to 
enjoye  that  liffe  and  glorie  that  now  I  hope  for.    Thear- 
fore, I  commende  my  sowle  into  the  handes  of  God,  my 
bodie  I  Will  that  yt  be  honestlie  buried,  and  lade  upp  in 
pease  to  the  comynge  of  the  Lorde  Jesus,  when  he  shall 
come  to  be  glorified  in  his  Sayntes,  and  to  be  marvolous 
in  theme  that  beleve ;  in  that  daie  when  this  corruptible 
shall  put  on  incorruptible,  and  this  mortall  imortalitie, 
accordinge  to  the  Scriptures.    And  as  for  those  goods  and 
landes  that  God  hath  given  me,  I  declare  this  my  Will, 
and  full  mynde  and  intente  thearof,  in  forme  followinge : 
that  is  to  saie,  I  give  and  bequethe  all  and  singular  that 
my  messuage,  house,  stable,  and  gardens  thearto  belong- 
inge,  whiche  I  latelie  purchased  of  Thomas  Cowghem, 
late  of  the  saide  towne  of  Nottingham,  alderman,  deceased, 
wherein  I  nowe  dwell,  to  Anne  Travers  my  Wiffe,  for 
and  duringe  her  naturall  liffe,  and  after  her  decease,  to 
Anne  Travers  my  daughter,  and  to  theires  of  her  bodie 
lawefullie  begotten  and  to  be  begotten :  And,  for  defalte 
of  such  issue,  to  Walter  Traverse,  John  Traverse,  and  to 
Humfrey  Travers,  my  Sones,  equallie  amongste  theme, 
and  to  theires  of  theire  bodies  lawefullie  begotten  and  to 
be  begotten :  And,  for  defalte  of  such  Issue,  to  the  righte 
heires  of  me  the  saide  Walter  Travers,  the  Testator,  for 
ever.    Further,  I  will  that  the  saide  Anne,  my  wiffe, 
duringe  her  liffe,  and  allso  the  saide  Anne,  my  daughter, 
duringe  her  lyffe,  after  the  decease  of  my  said  Wiffe, 
havinge  the  saide  messuage  and  premyses,  shall  give  and 
paie  yearlie  ten  shillinges  at  two  usuall  daies  in  the  yeare, 
by  even  pofcons,  to  my  Overseers ;  to  be  by  theme  dis- 
tributed to  suche  poore  people,  within  the  towne  of  Not- 
tingham, as  they  shall  thinke  moste  mete  and  conveniente. 
Allso,  I  give  and  bequethe  all  my  other  lands,  tenements, 
and  hereditaments,  not  before  by  me  given  in  this  my 


28 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  JAK.  9,  '64. 


Testamente  and  presente  laste  Will,  to  my  said  Wiffe 
Anne  Traverse  during  her  naturall  liffe ;  and  after  her 
decease,  to  my  saide  three  Sones,  Walter,  John,  and 
Humfrey,  equallie  amongeste  theme,  or  so  many  of  theme 
as  shal  be  then  livinge,  and  to  theires  of  theire  bodies 
lawefullie  begotten  and  to  be  begotten :  and,  for  defalt 
of  such  Issue,  to  Anne  Travers  my  daughter,  and  to 
theires  off  her  bodie  lawefullie  begotten  and  to  be  be- 
gotten ;  and  for  defalte  of  suche  Issue,  to  the  righte  heirs 
of  me  the  saide  Walter  Travers  for  ever.    And  I  will 
that  my  saide  daughter  Anne  peaceablie  permytt  and 
suffer  my  saide  thre  sones  to  have  and  enjoye  the  saide 
landes  to  them  bequithed,  which  I  boughte  of  Robert 
Wynsell;  notwithstanding  anie    bondes,    or   assurance 
thearof,  heartofore  by  me  to  the  saide  Anne,  or  to  her 
use,  made.    And  for  the  disposinge  of  my  goods  and 
chattells  that  God  hathe  given  me,  I  will  that  my  debts 
be  paide  and  my  funeralls  discharged,  of  the  whole :  and 
the  resedewe  of  all  my  goods  and  chattells,  gold,  silver, 
plate,  and  howeshoulde  stuff,  moveable  and  unmove- 
able  (my  debts  paide  and  fuuralls  discharged),  I  give  to 
Anne  my  Wiffe,  and  to  Anne  Travers  my  daughter, 
equallie  betwixte  theme.    And  I  do  make  and  ordeine 
the  saide  Anne  my  Wiffe,  and  my  saide  daughter  my  full 
Executrices  of  this  my  Testament  and  laste  Will ;  and  I 
make  my  wellbeloved  Sones,  Walter  and  John  Travers, 
Supvisors  of  the  same,  to  se  the  same  justlie  and  trewlie 
executed,  done,  and  performed :  theis  beinge  Witnesses — 
Lawrence  Brodbent,  Esquire ;  the  Queenes  Highnes  Re- 
ceivor  within  the  Counties  of  Nottinghm  and  Derbie  — 
Thomas  Atkinson  —  Symon  Willson  —  Richard  Ogle  — 
Arthure  Francis  —  John  Warde,  and  others." 

"This  will  was  proved  in  the  Exchequer  Court 
of  York,  18th  January,  1575,  by  the  Oaths  of  Ann 
Travers  (Widow,  the  Relict),  and  Anne  Travers 
(the  daughter),  the  Co-Executrixes  therein  named ; 
to  whom  probate  was  granted,  they  having  been 
first  sworn  duly  to  administer." 

Two  of  the  three  sons  herein  named,  Walter 
and  Humphry,  entered  at  Cambridge,  where 
Humphry  became  Fellow  of  C.C.  Coll.,  and  after- 
wards married,  but  left  no  issue  male.  Of  Walter, 
the  future  Lecturer  at  the  Temple,  and  opponent 
of  Hooker,  I  leave  the  MESSRS.  COOPER  to  give 
an  account,  in  their  valuable  Athena  Cantabridg- 
ienses. 

John  Travers,  second  son,  took  his  degree  at 
Oxford  in  1570,  and  was  afterwards  presented  to 
the  Rectory  of  Faringdon,  Devon,  which  he  held 
until  his  death  in  1620.  He  married,  on  July  25, 
1580,  Alice,  daughter  of  John  Hooker  of  Exeter 
and  sister  to  Richard  Hooker,  Master  of  the 
iemple.  This  fact  explains  a  sentence  in  Walter 
-Travers's  Supplication  to  the  Lords  of  the  Council 
(Hooker's  Works,  iii.  557),  where,  speaking  of 
Hooker,  he  says :  — 

h;^Hh°?Ln£  t(iuive  in  a"  godly  Peace  and  comfort  ™«i 
urn,  both  for  the  acquaintance  and  good  will  which  hath 

sen  between  us,  and  for  some  bond  of  affinity  in  the 
marriage  of  his  nearest  kindred  and  mine." 


The  issue  of  this  marriage  was  four  sons  — 
Elias,  Samuel,  John,  and  Walter — who  all  were 
educated  at  Cambridge,  and  entered  the  church. 
Elias  Travers  died  rector  of  Thurcaston,  Leices- 
tershire, in  1641 ;  Samuel  was  ejected  from  his 
vicarage  of  Thorverton,  Devon,  in  1646,  and 
died  soon  after;  John  was  presented  to  the 
vicarage  of  Brixhom,  Devon,  in  Dec.  1617;  was 
ejected  therefrom  in  1646,  and  died  curate  of  St. 
Helen's,  Isle  of  Wight,  in  1659 ;  and  Walter 
became  Chaplain  to  King  Charles  I.,  was  pre- 
sented in  succession  to  the  Rectory  of  Steeple 
Ashton.  Wilts;  the  Vicarage  of  Wellington, 
Somerset;  and  dying,  Rector  of  Pitminster, 
April  7th,  1646,  was  buried  in  Exeter  Cathedral. 
Of  these  four  brothers,  John  and  Walter  only 
married  ;  one  of  the  sons  of  Walter  being  Thomas 
Travers  of  Magdalen  Coll.  Camb.,  M.A.  in  1644, 
who  became  Lecturer  at  St.  Andrew's,  Plymouth, 
and  Rector  of  St.  Columb  Major,  from  which 
living  he  was  ejected  by  the  Bartholomew  Act,  in 
1662. 

Perhaps  some  Nottinghamshire  antiquary  can 
assist  me  in  hunting  up  the  origin  of  the  old  gold- 
smyth  of  "  Brydelsmyth  Gate,"  from  whom  de- 
scended so  many  distinguished  men  ?  or  can,  at 
least,  point  to  some  class  of  records  likely  to  bear 
fruit  ?  If  so,  he  would  confer  a  great  favour  on 
me,  by  adopting  a  like  method  of  imparting  his 
information.  H.  J.  S. 

Oxford. 


JUSTICE  ALLAN  PARK. 

Some  thirty  or  forty  years  ago,  this  learned 
judge  was  travelling  the  Northern  Circuit  with 
one  of  his  brother  Judges  of  Assize,  and  it  hap- 
sened  that  the  business  at  an  assize  town  was  not 
*ot  through  till  late  on  a  Saturday.  It  was  abso- 
lutely^necessary  to  open  the  Commission  on  the 
following  Monday  at  the  next  assize  town,  which 
was  at  a  great  distance  in  those  days  of  travelling, 
md  either  for  that  reason,  or  because  of  the  heavy 
business  to  be  disposed  of  there,  Justice  Park 
3roposed  to  his  brother  judge  to  set  off  late  on 
;he  Saturday,  and  to  get  as  far  as  they  could  that 
light,  so  that  they  might  avoid  the  necessity  of 
ourneying  any  part  of  the  way  on  the  Sabbath. 
Sis  brother  judge,  who  was  not  so  scrupulous  on 
that  point,  protested  against  the  proposal,  and  the 
•esult  was  a  compromise,  the  terms  of  which  were, 
-hat  they  should  start  at  a  very  early  hour  on  the 
Sunday  morning,  and  attend  divine  service  at 
whatever  church  they  might  reach  in  time  for  the 
morning  service.  It  thus  happened  that  between 
ten  and  eleven  o'clock  the  steeple  of  a  small  parish 
church  within  a  short  distance  from  the  high  road 
was  sighted,  and  the  postboys  were  ordered  to 
make  for  it.  Thus  the  inhabitants  of  a  quiet 
country  village  in  the  Wolds  were  thrown  into  a 


3*'»  S.  V.  JAX.  9,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


29 


state  of  "  intense  excitement "  by  the  announce- 
ment that  "  my  Lords  the  Judges  "  were  coming 
to  church.  The  rector  selected  a  sermon,  on 
which  he  rather  prided  himself;  the  churchward- 
ens dusted  out  the  squire's  pew,  where  their 
lordships  might  be  the  observed  of  all  observers, 
and  the  rector's  wife  and  daughters  selected  their 
best  bonnets  in  honour  of  an  event,  the  like  of 
which  had  certainly  never  occurred  before  within 
the  memory  of  the  very  "  oldest  inhabitant."  The 
Judges  were  ushered  into  church  with  as  much 
state  as  could  be  mustered  by  the  parish  autho- 
rities for  the  occasion,  and  all  went  perfectly  well 
and  in  order  till  the  termination  of  Morning 
Prayer,  when  the  psalm  was  to  be  given  out.  In 
those  days,  the  selection  of  the  psalms  was  con- 
fided to  the  uncontrolled  discretion  of  the  parish 
clerk,  who,  when  the  tidings  of  the  arrival  of  tke 
august  personages  reached  his  ears,  had  become 
quite  as  much  alive  to  the  importance  of  the  proper 
performance  of  his  duties  upon  the  occasion  as 
the  rector  and  churchwardens  were.  His  guide 
in  the  selection  of  psalms  upon  special  occasions 
had  been  the  Table  of  Psalms  set  out  at  the  end 
of  Tate  and  Brady's  Version,  giving  alphabeti- 
cally the  first  words  of  each  psalm.  On  coming 
to  the  letter  S,  he  found,  "  Speak,  O  ye  Judges," 
and  concluding  that  the  psalm,  of  which  these 
were  the  opening  words,  must  be  an  appropriate 
one,  he  gave  them  out,  and  invited  the  congrega- 
tion to  join  in  singing  the  58th  Psalm,  which  they 
proceeded  to  do  most  heartily,  being  struck  by 
the  appositeness  of  the  introductory  words,  and 
thus  they  sang  at  the  two  learned  judges  :  — 

"  Speak,  0  ye  Judges  of  the  Earth, 

If  just  your  sentence  be? 
Or  must  not  innocence  appeal 
To  Heav'n  from  your  decree? 

"  Your  wicked  hearts  and  judgments  are 

Alike  by  malice  swayed ; 
Your  griping  hands,  by  weighty  bribe?, 
To  violence  betrayed." 

And  so  forth ;  with  all  the  other  denunciations  of 
the  Psalmist  upon  the  unjust  Judges  of  Israel. 

This  is  my  Note  of  the  circumstances ;  my 
Query  is,  What  was  the  name  of  the  parish  where 
they  occurred  ;  who  was  the  rector,  and  who  was 
the  brother  Judge  ?  who,  by  the  way,  was  after- 
wards heard  to  declare  publicly  that  nothing  should 
ever  induce  him  to  go  to  church  again  with  brother 
Park-  DORSET. 


JAMES  KIRKWOOD. 

Under  this  name,  in  the  Sibliotheca  Britannica, 
Watt  has  rolled  two  persons  into  one,  be^innino- 

ith  James  Kirkwood,  the  Scottish  grammarian* 
going  off  to  James  Kirkwood,  the  minister  of 
Astwick,  Bedfordshire,  and  again  returning  to  the 

rst,  all  under  the  same  heading.     Misled  by  this 


authority,  I  have  only  recently,  on  becoming  pos- 
sessed of  the  several  works  of  these  Kirkwoods, 
discovered  the  confusion  ;  and  as  neither  (although 
both  are  of  sufficient  mark)  appear  in  the  new 
edition  of  Lowndes,  I  venture  a  few  jottings  by 
way  of  supplying  the  deficiency  in  "  N".  &  Q." 

James  Kirkwood,  the  schoolmaster,  was  a  very 
notable  character.  We  first  hear  of  him  in  1675, 
when  he  obtained  charge  of  the  school  at  Linlith- 
gow ;  leaning  to  episcopacy  when  the  Presbyte- 
rians were  resolved  to  extinguish  it  root  and 
branch  from  Scotland,  Kirkwood  soon  got  into 
trouble  with  his  superiors;  and  the  struggle  to 
maintain  office  on  the  one  hand,  and  to  oust  the 
schoolmaster  on  the  other  which  followed,  must 
have  made  it  a  cause  celebre  in  that  quiet  burgh. 
The  clever  pedagogue,  however,  could  not  hold 
his  ground  against  the  local  magnates,  and  the  Do- 
minie was  deposed. 

The  litigation  which  arose  out  of  these  squab- 
bles is  recorded  in  A  Short  Information  of  the 
Plea  betwixt  the  Town  Council  of  Linlithgow  and 
Mr.  James  KirJtwood,  Schoolmaster  there,  whereof 
a  more  full  Account  may  perhaps  come  out  here- 
after, a  quarto  tract  of  twenty  pages.  Kirkwood 
here  intimates  that  he  has  a  heavier  rod  in  pickle 
for  his  persecutors,  and,  being  of  a  waggish  and 
satirical  disposition,  he  carried  his  threat  into  exe- 
cution. Among  other  charges  brought  against 
him  was,  that  he  was  "  a  reviler  of  the  Gods  of 
the  people."  "  By  Gods,"  says  Kirkwood,  "  they 
mean  the  twenty-seven  Members  of  the  Town 
Council,  the  Provost,  four  Baillies,  Dean  of  Guild, 
Treasurer,  twelve  Councillors,  eight  Deacons ; 
so  that  the  Websters,  Sutors,  and  Tailors  are 
Gods  in  Linlithgow." 

Tickled  with  this  notion,  and  being  bent  upon 
ridiculing  the  magistrates,  he  crowned  his  con- 
tempt for  the  burghal  authorities  by  publishing, 
in  a  small  quarto,  pp.  79  — 

•«  The  History  of  the  Twenty-seven  Gods  of  Linlith- 
gow ;  Being  an  Exact  and  True  Account  of  a  Famous 
Plea  betwixt  the  Town  Council  of  the  said  Burgh  and 
Mr.  Kirkwood,  Schoolmaster  there.  Seria  Mixta  Jocis." 
Edin.  1711, 

which  contains  many  curious  particulars  regard- 
ing the  social  and  religious  state  of  affairs  during 
the  contention  for  supremacy  between  the  Pres- 
byterian and  Prelatic  parties. 

Our  schoolmaster,  it  might  be  supposed,  steered 
a  safer  course  in  his  next  appointment  at  Kelso. 
But,  no  :  the  same  cantankerous  humour  brought 
about  a  collision  there,  and  we  next  have  Mr. 
Kirkwood"s  Plea  before  the  Kirk,  and  Civil  Judi- 
catures of  Scotland.  London  :  D.  E.  for  the  Au- 
thor, 1698.  Another  quarto  of  about  150  closely 
printed  pages,  containing  the  story  of  his  subse- 
quent wranglings  with  the  Kirk  Session  and 
Presbytery  there,  in  all  its  minuteness.  Beyond 
what  can  be  gleaned  from  his  own  words,  I  find 


30 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


V.  JAN.  9,  '64. 


but  little  recorded  of  this  remarkable  character 
In  Penney's  History  of  Linlithgowshire,  and  in 
Chalmer's  Life  of  Ruddiman,  he  is  spoken  of  as  the 
first  grammarian  of  his  day.  He  frequently  him- 
self alludes  to  the  high  repute  in  which  he  was 
held  in  this  respect  by  his  learned  contemporaries, 
but  I  question  if  he  is  to  be  found  in  any  of  our 
biographies,  or  his  name  even  to  be  traced  in  the 
British  Museum  Catalogue. 

In  addition  to  that  I  have  mentioned,  I  possess 
his  Prima  Pars  Grammatical  in  Metrum  redacta : 
Authore  Jacobo  Kirhwoodo,  12mo,  Edin.  1675. 
With  the  Privy  Council's  Privilege  for  nineteen 
years  ;  the  Second  and  Third  Parts.  Editio  Se- 
cunda,  1676 ;  and  All  the  Examples,  loth  Words 
and  Sentences  of  the  First  Part  of  Grammar,  trans- 
lated into  English  by  I.  K.  1676.  Contained  in  one 
volume. 

As  with  Watt,  my  first  impression  on  becoming 
acquainted  with  the  names  of  these  Kirkwoods 
was,  that  the  grammarian  and  the  minister  at 
Astwick  were  identical,  and  that  James  Kirkwood 
was  one  of  the  rabbled  curates  for  whom  the 
government  had  to  provide  for  in  the  south ;  but 
a  very  slight  examination  showed  this  to  be  a  mis- 
take ;  and  we  find  that,  while  the  pugnacious 
schoolmaster  was  fighting  his  battles  with  the 
Gods  of  Linlithgow  and  Kelso,  the  minister  of 
Astwick  was  engaged  in  England  with  his  pasto- 
ral duties,  and  in  connection  with  the  Hon.  Rob. 
Boyle,  labouring  to  supply  the  Irish  with  a  Verna- 
cular version  of  the  Scriptures.  The  minister  was 
however,  also  a  Scot.  He  figures  in  Charter's, 
Catalogue  of  Scottish  Writers  as  "  James  Girdwod, 
Minister  of  Minto,  outed  for  refusing  the  Test." 
The  only  work  of  his  which  I  have  is,  A  New 
Family  Booh ;  or  the  True  Interest  of  Families, 
being  Directions  to  Parents  and  Children,  &c. 
With  a  Preface  by  Dr.  Horneck,  2nd  edit.  12mo, 
London,  1693.  A  frontispiece  by  Yander  Gutch 
in  two  compartments— the  happy  and  the  un- 
happy family  ;  the  latter  a  grotesque  representa- 
tion of  the  wicked  parents,  with  a  hopeful  lot  of 
seven  children  all  in  a  state  of  inebriety,  with  the 
usual  accompaniment  of  the  religious  chap-book 
— the  monster  in  the  corner  of  the  picture  vomiting 
flames,  indicating  a  family  on  the  road  to  Tophet 
Perhaps  some  other  correspondent  may  be  able 
:>  tell  us  what  became  of  the  restless  gramma- 
rian ;  and,  if  any,  what  was  the  relationship  be- 
tween these  two  Kirkwoods.  J.  Q 


OF  WIT. 

Many  of  our  old  English  words  have,  in  passino- 
from  one  age  to  another,  dropped,  either  wholly 
or  in  a  great  measure,  their  original  signification. 
The  elder  D'Israeli  has  illustrated  this  in  a  very 
pleasing  way  in  one  of  his  entertaining  works. 


The  word  WIT  has,  however,  been  overlooked, 
and  I  have  something  to  say,  not  in  example,  but 
in  illustration  of  it. 

"  Tell  me,  O  tell,"  says  Cowley,  "  what  kind  of 
thing  is  wit  ?  "  a  question  I  admit  the  propriety  of 
his  asking,  for  he  defines  it  but  by  negatives  and 
negatives  alone.  Every  one  concedes  to  Butler 
the  name  of  a  wit,  and  that  Hudibras  abounds  in 
wit  of  the  finest  quality.  But  this  is  in  its  present 
sense.  What  was  wit  in  one  age  became  bombast 
or  affectation  in  another :  and  he  who  was  styled  a 
wit  in  the  age  of  Elizabeth  is  styled  a  poet  now. 

"  Nothing,"  says  Addison,  "  is  so  much  admired 
and  so  little  understood  as  wit''  ..."  Wit" 
says  Locke,  "lies  in  the  assemblage  of  ideas,  and 
putting  those  together  with  quickness  and  variety, 
wherein  can  be  found  any  resemblance  or  con- 
gruity,  thereby  to  make  up  pleasant  pictures  and 
agreeable  visions  in  the  fancy."  Addison  shows 
that  any  resemblance  cannot  be  called  wit:  "  thus, 
when  a  poet  tells  us  the  bosom  of  his  mistress  is 
as  white  as  snow,  there  is  no  wit  in  the  compari- 
son ;  but  when  he  adds,  with  a  sigh,  that  it  is  as 
cold  too,  it  then  grows  into  wit."  ..."  True 
wit,"  says  the  same  great  writer,  "  consists  in  the 
resemblance  and  congruity  of  ideas,  and  false  wit 
in  the  resemblance  of  words.  Mixed  wit,  which 
we  find  in  Cowley,  partakes  of  the  character  of 
both,  a  composition  of  pure  and  true  wit." 

I  select  a  few  instances  of  the  use  of  the  word 
wit  from  the  works  of  Dryden :  — 

"True  wit  is  sharpness  of  conceit,  the  lowest  and 
most  grovelling  kind  of  wit — clenches.  .  .  .  There  are 
many  witty  men,  but  few  poets.  .  .  .  Shakspeare's 
comic  wit  degenerated  into  clenches ;  his  serious  swelled 
into  bombast.  ...  No  man.  can  say  Shakspeare  ever 
had  a  fit  subject  for  his  wit,  and  that  he  did  not  excel. 
.  .  .  One  cannot  say  Ben  Jonson  wanted  wit,  but  rather 
that  he  was  frugal  of  it.  ...  Wit,  and  language,  and 
humour,  we  had  before  Jonson's  days.  .  .  .  If  1  would 
compare  Jonson  with  Shakspeare  I  must  acknowledge  him, 
the  more  correct  poet,  but  Shakspeare  the  greater  wit. 
.  .  .  Shakspeare,  who  many  times  has  written  better 
than  any  poet  in  our  language,  is  far  from  writing  wit 
always,  or  expressing  that  wit  according  to  the  dignity  of 
the  subject.  .  .  .  Donne  was  the  greatest  wit,  though 
not  the  greatest  poet,  of  our  nation.  .  .  .  Donne's 
Satires  abound  in  wit.  I  may  safely  say  this  of  the  pre- 
sent age,  that  if  we  are  not  so  great  wits  as  Donne,  yet 
certainly  we  are  better  poets.  .  .  .  The  composition 
of  all  poems  is,  or  ought  to  be,  wit,  which  is  no  other  than 
;he  faculty  of  imagination.  .  .  .  The  definition  of  wit 
^  which  has  been  so  often  attempted,  and  ever  unsuccess- 
ully,  by  many  poets)  is  only  this, — that  it  is  a  propriety 
of  thoughts  and  words ;  or  in  other  terms,  thoughts  and 
words  elegantly  adapted  to  the  subject." 

Twice  has  Dryden  repeated  his  definition  or 
description  of  wit ;  "  which  is  not,"  says  Addison, 
'  so  properly  a  description  of  wit  as  of  good  writ- 
ng  in  general.  If  Dryden's  be  a  true  definition 
)f  wit,  I  am  apt  to  think,"  Addison  adds,  "  that 
Euclid  is  the  greatest  wit  that  ever  set  pen  to 
paper." 


.  JAN.9,'64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


31 


Wit,  in  its  original  signification,  Johnson  tells 
us,  "  denoted  the  powers  of  the  mind — the  mental 
faculties — the  intellects."  The  meaning  has  been 
greatly  extended ;  it  has  been  used  for  imagin- 
ation, and  for  quickness  of  fancy  or  genius.  A 
wit,  too,  has  been  called  a  poet,  and  a  poet  desig- 
nated a  wit. 

Ben  Jonson  uses  the  word  wit  for  verse ;  he  who 
possessed  wit  possessed  the  faculty  of  song.  Shak- 
speare,  Fletcher,  and  Jonson  formed,  says  Sir 
John  Denham,  a  triumvirate  of  wit.  What  is 
translated  poetry,  says  the  same  writer,  but  trans- 
planted wit.  Cleveland,  wishing  to  express  the 
rank  of  Jonson  among  the  poets  of  his  age,  says, 
he 

"  Stood  out  illustrious  in  an  age  of  wit."" 

Pope,  alluding  to  Ihe  little  patronage  which 
poets  meet  with,  speaks  of 

"The  estate  which  wits  inherit  after  death." 

The  mob  of  gentlemen  that  twinkled  in  the 
poetical  miscellanies  of  the  days  of  the  Charleses 
are  called  by  Pope  the  "  wits  "  of  their  age. 

"But  for  the  wits  of  either  Charles's  days, 
The  mob  of  gentlemen  who  wrote  with  ease." 

It  is  not  poetry,  says  Butler,  that  makes  men 
poor,  for  men  have  taken  to  wit  only  to  avoid  be- 
ing idle. 

"  It  is  not  poetry  that  makes  men  poor ; 

For  few  do  write  that  were  not  so  before : 

And  those  that  have  writ  best,  had  they  been  rich, 

Had  ne'er  been  clapp'd  with  a  poetic  itch ; 

Had  lov'd  their  ease  too  well  to  take  the  pains 

To  undergo  that  drudgery  of  brains ; 

But  being  for  all  other  trades  unfit, 

Only  to  avoid  being  idle  set  up — wit." 

t)avenant  has  a  great  Nursery  of  Nature  in  his 
Gondibert,  and  foremost  in  this  delightful  dwelling 
has  a  band  of  pleasant  poets :  — 
"And  he  who  seem'd  to  lead  this  ravish'd  race, 

Was  Heav'n's  lov'd  Laureate  that  in  Jewry  writ ; 
Whose  harp  approach'd  God's  ear,  though  none  his  face 
Durst  see,  and  first  made  inspiration,  wit." 

That  King  David  was  a  wit,  and  wrote  wit, 
sounds  in  an  ear  of  the  nineteenth  century  as  a 
sad  misapplication  of  terms.  Yet  in  Davenant 
the  word,  in  its  old  signification,  is  very  appropri- 
ate, and  very  poetical. 

Such  have  been  the  changes  in  the  meaning  of 
of  the  word  wit.  Shakspeare  was  a  wit  in  his  age, 
but  Wordsworth  would  have  deemed  it  no  com- 
pliment to  be  called  a  wit  in  ours.  Johnson's  de- 
finition of  wit  is  admirable :— "That  which  though 
not  obvious,  is,  upon  its  first  production,  acknow- 
ledged to  be  just,  that  which  he  that  never  found 
wonders  how  he  missed."  *  This  is  near  the  mark, 
but  perhaps  this  is  nearer :— "  Wit,"  says  Corbyn 
Morris,f  "  is  the  lustre  resulting  from  the  quick 


*  Life  of  Cowley. 
t  Essays  on  Wit, 


Humour,  and  Raillery,  8vo,  1744. 


elucidation  of  one  subject,  by  a  just  and  unex- 
pected arrangement  of  it  with  another  subject." 

Further  illustrations  of  the  early  use  of  the 
word  "wit"  might  worthily  find  a  place  in  the 
columns  of  "N.  &  Q."  Shakspeare's  daughter, 
"  good  Mrs.  Hall,"  was  (her  epitaph  tells  us) 
"  witty  above  her  sexe." 

PETER  CUNNINGHAM. 


DR.  ROBERT  WAUCHOP. 

A  few  months  since  an  able,  affecting,  and  most 
interesting  appeal,  in  behalf  of  the  Catholic  Blind 
Institution,  Glasnevin,  in  the  immediate  vicinity 
of  this  city,  appeared  in  the  Freeman 's  Journal, 
from  the  pen  of  its  present  guardian,  Brother 
Jerome  Moroney.  After  enumerating  several  in- 
stances of  the  high  intellectual  attainments,  of 
which  this  afflicted  class  are  capable,  such  as  that 
of  Didymus  of  Alexandria,  who  had  among  his 
pupils  the  illustrious  St.  Jerome  and  Palladius; 
Diodatus,  the  preceptor  of  Cicero  ;  Scupi  Neria, 
who  held  a  professorship  in  Bologna,  wrote  poetry 
in  Latin  and  Italian,  and  was  one  of  the  most 
accomplished  scholars  of  his  day ;  Salinos,  who, 
although  blind  from  his  infancy,  was  yet  elected 
Professor  of  Music  in  the  University  of  Sala- 
manca about  the  year  1713;  the  writer  of  this 
brief  memoir  —  and  to  this  I  wish  particularly  to 
direct  the  attention  of  your  readers  —  mentions 
that  in  the  year  1542  Dr.  Wauchop,  although 
blind  from  infancy,  attained,  as  a  divine  and  a 
scholar,  such  distinguished  eminence,  that  he 
readily  obtained  the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Divinity 
in  the  University  of  Paris ;  attended  on  the  part  of 
Julius  III.  at  the  Council  of  Trent,  and  was  sub- 
sequently appointed  by  Paul  III.  to  the  see  of 
Armagh.  Now,  being  under  the  impression  that 
blindness,  as  well  as  any  prominent  physical  de- 
fect, constituted  what  is  termed  a  canonical  im- 
pediment, incapacitating  the  parties  for  the 
reception  of  Holy  Orders,  I  was,  I  confess,  some- 
what sceptical  as  to  the  accuracy  of  Brother 
Jerome's  statement,  more  particularly  as  I  could 
find  no  reference  whatever  to  Dr.  Wauchop  in  the 
profound  and  learned  work  of  Dr.  Lanigan,  or 
such  writers  on  Irish  subjects  as  I  happened  to 
have  at  hand.  At  length,  however,  this  worthy 
monk  referred  me  to  Dr.  Renehan's  Collections  on 
on  Irish  Church  History,  from  which  I  make  the 
following  extract :  — 

"  Robert  Wauchop  (alias  Venantius)  was  appointed  to 
the  see  of  Armagh  by  Paul  III.  when  informed  of  the 
death  of  Dr.  Cremer  "in  1542.  Wauchop  was  by  birth  a 
Scotchman,  and  although  blind  from  childhood  yet  such 
•were  the  natural  powers  of  his  mind,  and  such  his  perse- 
vering industry,  that  he  distinguished  himself  highly 
during  his  collegiate  studies,  and  easily  obtained  the 
degree  of  Doctor  of  Divinity  from  that  learned  faculty. 
Pope  Paul  III.  had  confirmed  the  Order  of  the  Jesuits, 
and  selected  Wauchop  in  1541  to  introduce  that  order 


32 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  JAN.  9,  '64. 


into  Ireland.  In  consequence,  John  Coclure  was  first  sent 
to  this  country,  and  after  his  death  many  others,  among 
•whom  was  Paschasius,  Francis  Zapata,  and  the  celebrated 
Alphonsus  Salmeron,  who  afterwards  attended  the  Council 
of  Trent.  VVauchop  was  shortly  afterwards  appointed 
to  the  see  of  Armagh,  but  it  would  appear  he  never  took 
possession  of  his  see,  which  was  already  taken  possession 
of  bv  Dr.  Dowdal  by  the  appointment  of  Henry  VIII. 
His  "learning,  piety,  and  prudence  recommended  him  to 
the  confidence,  and  secured  him  the  esteem  of  Paul  III., 
and  so  highly  did  that  discriminating  pontiff,  as  also  his 
successor  Julius  III.,  appreciate  his  taste  for  business,  that 
he  sent  him  as  their  Legate  h  latere  to  the  Emperor  of 
Germany  and  to  the  Court  of  France,  which  gave  occa- 
sion to  the  saying  'Legatus  caecus  oculatis  Germanis.' 
He  also  attended  on  the  part  of  the  pontiff  at  the  Council 
of  Trent  during  the  first  ten  sessions  from  1545  to  1547. 
After  the  death  of  Paul  IIL,  his  patron,  and  the  conse- 
quent prorogation  of  the  Council,  he  started  for  Ireland, 
and  subsequently  retired  to  France,  where  he  died  in  a 
convent  of  the  Jesuits  at  Paris,  on  the  10th  of  November, 
1551." 

Now  with  reference  to  Dr.  Dowdall,  above 
alluded  to,  a  few  brief  particulars  may,  en  passant, 
prove  interesting.  On  the  16th  of  March,  1543, 
died  George  Cromer,  Archbishop  of  Armagh  ;  and 
on  November  28,  a  mandate  was  issued  by  Henry 
VIII.  for  the  consecration  of  George  Dowdall. 
He  was  consecrated  by  Dr.  Staples,  assisted  by 
other  bishops ;  but,  unlike  his  suffragan,  neither 
the  frowns  nor  caresses  of  the  world  could  turn 
him  from  the  path  of  rectitude  and  duty,  as  the 
following  circumstance  will  satisfactorily  prove. 
The  English  Liturgy  was  read  for  the  first 
time  in  the  cathedral  of  Christ's  Church,  Dublin, 
on  Easter  Sunday,  1551 ;  and  in  the  same  year, 
Sir  James  Crofts,  the  Lord  Deputy,  invited  the 
bishops  of  the  Catholic  Church  and  of  the  Ke- 
formation  to  have  a  discussion  on  religion.  The 
prelates  assembled  in  the  great  hall  of  St.  Mary's 
Abbey,  Dublin :  the  subject  of  debate  being  the 
Sacrifice  of  the  Mass.  The  primate,  Dr.  Dowdall, 
defended  the  Catholic  doctrines.  -His  antagonist, 
on  the  Protestant  side,  being  no  other  than  his 
consecrator  Edward  Staples,  once  Catholic  bishop 
of  Meath.*  Whatever  may  have  been  the  rela- 
lative  learning  or  abilities  displayed  by  the  dis- 
putants, there  was  no  doubt  on  which  side  lay  the 
prospect  of  worldly  promotion.  The  result  of  the 
discussion  being,  says  Ware,  that  it  gave  to  the 
King  and  Council  an  opportunity  to  deprive  Dow- 
dall for  his  obstinacy  of  the  title  of  Primate  of 
all  Ireland,  and  •  of  annexing  it  to  the  see  of 
Dublin  for  ever.  Accordingly,  Brown  obtained 
Letters  Patent  from  King  Edward  VI.,  dated 
October  20, 1551,  that  he  and  his  successors  should 
be  Primates  of  all  Ireland.  Dowdall,  aware  of 
the  tone  and  temper  of  the  parties  he  had  to  deal 
with,  fled  to  the  Continent  and  took  refuge  in  the 
monastery  of  Centre  Brabant.  Edward  VI.  died 

•  See  Ware's  Bishops,  p.  351 ;  Moran's  Diocese  of  Meath. 
Ancient  and  Modern. 


in  July,  1553,  and  was  succeeded  by  Mary,  daugh- 
ter of  Catherine  of  Arragon.  Soon  after  her  ac- 
cession, Archbishop  Dowdall  was  recalled  from 
exile,  and  the  title  of  Primate  of  all  Ireland  was 
by  Letters  Patent  restored  to  him.  To  reform 
abuses  which  crept  in  during  the  last  two  reigns, 
and  to  remove  false  brethren  from  the  sanctuary, 
were  the  especial  objects  of  his  care. 

Dowdall  having  now  obtained  considerable  in- 
fluence in  the  government  of  the  country,  lived  to 
see  those  principles  triumph  for  which  he  suffered. 
He  saw  the  seeds  of  true  faith  and  Christian  piety, 
planted  by  his  episcopal  labours,  growing  up  into 
a  rich  and  abundant  harvest,  and  Providence 
spared  him  the  mortification  of  seeing  the  crop 
destroyed  by  the  political^  elements  that  shortly 
after  his  death  checked  their  growth  and  threat- 
ened their  entire  ruin.  Having  held  a  synod  of 
his  diocese  at  Drogheda  in  1557,  he  died  in  the 
year  1558  in  England,  on  the  Feast  of  the  As- 
sumption, just  three  months  before  the  accession 
of  Elizabeth  to  the  English  throne.  Vide  Rene- 
ban's  Collections  on  Irish  Church  History. 

To  return,  however,  to  the  special  object  of  this 
brief  communication.  I  must  not  forget,  says 
Ware,  /that  during  the  life  of  George  Dowdall, 
who  was  in  possession  of  the  see  of  Armagh  (by 
donation  from  King  Henry  VIII.),  Pope  Paul  IIL 
conferred  that  archbishopric  on  Robert  Waucop, 
a  Scot,  who,  although  blind  from  his  youth,  yet 
applied  himself  with  that  diligence  to  learning, 
that  he  commenced  Doctor  in  Divinity  in  Paris. 
He  assisted  at  the  Council  of  Trent  from  the  1st 
Session  held  in  1545,  to  the  eleventh  in  1547.  He 
was  sent  by  the  Pope  as  legate  a  latere  into  Ger- 
many from  whence  arose  the  proverb,  Legatus 
ccecus  ad  oculatos  Germanos —  a  blind  legate  to 
the  sharp-sighted  Germans.  By  his  means  the 
Jesuits  were  first  introduced  into  Ireland.  He 
died  in  a  convent  of  Jesuits  at  Paris,  Nov.  10, 
1551.  De  Burgo,  in  his  Hibernia  Dominicana, 
states  that :  — 

"  Pater  Nicolaus  Orlandinus  e  Societate  Jesu  Memorise 
prodidit,  hac  tempestate  floruisse  Robertum  Iba3  Primis, 
virum  insignem  et  super  alias  fulgentisaimas  virtutes  eo 
admiratione  clignum,  quod  quamvis  a  puero  fuerit  oculis 
captus,  nihil  tamen  minus  claro  mentis  lumine  haeresis 
furore  obviam  ire,  laborantique  insulas  subvenire  curave- 
rit,  atqueejus  Rogatu  nonnullos  Patres  Idibus  Sept.  Roma 
profectos  &  B.  Igrmtii  Patriarch*  magistri  sui  docu- 
mentis  iri  munere  obeundo  instructos  in  Ibernia  .  .  . 
multum  opera?  impendisse.  Post  Religiosorum  vero  Redi- 
tum,  Primatum  ipsum  qui  Cone.  Triden.  interfuit,  suam 
Provinciam  petentem,  Parisiis  in  Conventu  Patrum  Soc. 
10  Nov.  diem  obiisse  ea  verba  identidem  proferentem : 
Domine,  siPopulo  tuo  sum  opus,  ego  quidem  laborem  non 
recuso;  sin  minus,  nequicquam  moleste  fero  ex  hujus  la- 
boriosissimaa  vitai  prsesidio  et  statione  discedere  divino 
tuo  conspectu  et  roternse  quiete  recreandus." 

O' Sullivan,  in  his  Catholic  History,  confirms 
the  preceding  statement  (torn.  ii.  lib.  3),  assuring 
us  that  he  closed  his  career  in  a  manner  worthy  of 


3rd  S.V.  JAN.  9, '64.  J 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


33 


his  uniform  piety,  with  the  zeal  of  an  apostle,  and 
the  resignation  of  a  saint.  The  last  sentence  he 
was  heard  to  utter  was  "  O  Lord,  if  my  continu- 
ance here  be  necessary  for  the  good  of  Thy  peo- 
ple, I  shrink  not  from  the  useful  task  which  Thy 
will  may  allot  to  me ;  but  if  it  be  not,  I  cheerfully 
yield  up  my  station  in  this  laborious  life,  that  my 
my  spirit  may  enjoy  beatitude  in  Thy  presence." 

Such,  Mr.  Editor,  are  a  few  of  the  leading  facts 
I  have  been  able  to  collect  regarding  this  extra- 
ordinary man  :  one  who  accumulated  a  vast  store 
of  knowledge  under  cirumstances,  it  must  be  ad- 
mitted, of  the  most  unfavourable  character,  and 
of  whom  it  may  be  said — humble  Catholic  priest 
as  he  was — his  history  belongs  to  mankind  at  large 
rather  than  to  sect  or  party.  T.  Me  K. 


A  PASSION  FOR  WITNESSING  EXECUTIONS.  — 
Looking  into  Jesse's  Life  and  Correspondence  of 
Selicyn  the  other  day,  brought  to  my  mind  a  story 
I  have  heard  of  a  laird  in  the  north  of  Scotland, 
who  died  some  thirty  or  forty  years  ago ;  who 
seems  to  have  had  as  great  a  penchant  for  attend- 
ing executions  as  the  witty  George,  and  whose 
local  standing  would  appear  to  have  made  his 
presence  at  such  exhibitions  a  sine  qua  non.  I 
give  the  anecdote  as  I  heard  it,  premising  that  it 
may  be  relied  on  as  authentic.  On  one  occasion 
an  unfortunate  wretch  was  about  to  be  "  turned 
off:"  the  rope  was  adjusted,  and  everything  was 
ready.  The  hangman,  however,  stood  waiting 
with  apparent  anxiety,  evidently  for  an  addition 
to  the  spectators.  Being  asked  why  he  did  not 
proceed  with  the  business,  he  replied,  with  a  look 

of  surprise  at  his  questioner :  **  M (naming 

the  laird)  is  nae  come  yet!"  The  hangman's 
paramount  desire  to  please  the  local  dignitary 
(who  we  may  suppose  he  looked  upon  in  the  light 
of  a  patron),  under  such  circumstances,  is  fine. 

ROBERT  KEMPT. 

LONGEVITY. — As  several  instances  of  longevity 
have  lately  appeared  in  your  columns,  is  it  not 
worth  while  preserving  the  case  of  Mr.  Hutches- 
son,  who  died  last  September  ?  He  graduated  in 
1804,  and  was  elected  Fellow  of  Clare  College  in 
1812  :  so  that  he  was  more  than  half  a  century 
a  Fellow  of  that  society.  J.  C.  BOSCOBEL. 

MICHAEL  JOHNSON  OF  LICHFIELD.— Besides  the 
work  cf  Floyer  mentioned  in  my  recent  Note  (3rd 
'.^  iv.  459),  I  have  found  another  printed  for 
Michael  Johnson.  Considering  the  very  humble 
way  in  which  he  carried  on  his  business,  it  is 
amusing  to  read  about  his  "  shops  "  at  three  dif- 
ferent towns :  — 

"  <bapiu.dKo-'Ba<ravos  :  or  the  Touchstone  of  Medicines, 
Jc.  By  Sir  John  FJoyer  of  the  City  of  Litchfield,  Kt., 

D.  of  Queen's  College,  Oxford.  London:  Printed  for 
Ucbael  Johnson,  Bookseller;  and  are  to  be  sold  at  his 


shops  at  Litchfield  and  Uttoxiter,  in  Staffordshire ;  and 
Ashby-de-la-Zouch,  in  Leicestershire.  1687." 

In  the  later  works  of  Floyer,  the  name  of  Mi- 
chael Johnson  does  not  occur  as  publisher.  Trea- 
tises dated  1698,  1707,  and  1725,  have  the  names 
of  London  publishers  only.  JATDEE. 

AMEN. — As  an  instance  of  the  curious  deriva- 
tions to  which  even  learned  men  have  been  driven 
for  lack  of  philological  science,  may  be  mentioned 
the  notion  of  St.  Thomas  Aquinas  respecting  the 
word  afj.-iiv.  That  Father  gravely  states,  in  his 
Commentary  upon  Isaiah  (xxv.  extr.),  that  "  the 
word  is  derived  from  a  privative,  and  pV  the 
moon,  q.  d.  Sine  luna,  hoc  est,  sine  defectu,  puta 
solidum  et  stabile."  W.  J.  D. 

RING  MOTTOES. — On  a  ring  dug  up  at  Godstow 
Priory,  Oxfordshire.  Date  early  in  the  fifteenth 
century,  black-letter  characters :  — 

Most  in  mynd  and  yn  myn  herrt. 
Lothest  from  you  ferto  departt. 

On  plain  betrothal  rings  of  the  seventeenth  cen- 
tury :  — 

I  haue  obtained  whom  God  ordained. 
God  unite  our  hearts  aright. 
Knitt  in  one  by  Christ  alone. 
Wee  Joyne  our  loue  in  God  aboue. 
Joynd  in  one  by  God  alone. 
God  above  send  peace  and  love. 

All  exhibited  by  the  Rev.  James  Beck  to  the 
Archaeological  Institute,  March,  1863.  (Vide  its 
Journal,  p.  195.)  T.  NORTH. 

Leicester. 

CHARLEMONT  EARLDOM  AND  VISCOUNT. — James, 
the  "  volunteer  "  Earl  of  Charlemont,  succeeded  as 
fourth  Viscount  April  21,  1734,  and  was  raised  to 
the  Earldom  on  Dec.  23, 1763.  Francis,  his  eldest 
son,  the  late  Earl,  died  last  Christmas  day  ;  con- 
sequently, the  father  and  son  held  the  Viscounty 
for  more  than  one  hundred  and  twenty  years,  and 
the  Earldom  for  one  hundred  years.  S.  P.  V. 


ANONYMOUS.  —  Who  was  the  author  of  a  little 
treatise  on  Resurrection,  not  Death,  the  Hope  of  the 
Believer,  12mo,  pp.  46,  issued  in  1838,  at  the 
Central  Tract  Depot,  1,  Warwick  Square,  London  ? 
Is  this  Depot  still  in  existence  ?  VECTIS. 

MRS.  BARBAULD'S  PROSE  HYMNS.  —  Of  this 
charming  little  work,  Mr.  Murray  has  just  issued 
a  charmingly  illustrated  edition.  It  contains 
fifteen  hymns,  of  which  the  tenth,  eleventh,  and 
twelfth  are  not  in  the  "  new  edition,  printed 
1799,"  though  they  have  appeared,  I  believe,  in 
some  other  modern  copies.  I  have  been  familiar 
with  the  remaining  twelve  hymns  for  fifty  years. 


34 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  V.  JAN.  9,  '64. 


The  other  three  have  the  appearance  of  imita- 
tions. Can  they  be  from  Mrs.  Barbauld  s  pen  P 
Or  who  is  the  author  of  them  ?  S.  W.  Rix. 

Beccles. 

BURIAL- PLACE  OF  STILL-BORN  CHILDREN.— 
Standing  beside  the  ruins  of  a  Scottish  parish 
church  built  in  1591,  and  talking  with  a  friend 
about  it,  he  mentioned  that  he  remembered  having 
been  told  by  his  grandfather,  that  it  had  been 
the  custom  to  bury  the  still-born  children  of  the 
parish  all  alono-  the  outside  walls  of  the  church, 
and  as  close  to  the  walls  as  they  could  be  laid. 
Any  information  as  to  such  a  custom  will  oblige. 

CHURCHWARDEN  QUERY.  —  Considerable  con- 
troversy has  arisen  as  to  the  origin  and!  duties  of 
the  officer  called  sidesman,  who  is  annually  elected 
at  the  same  time  with  the  churchwarden.  Is  he 
the  same  person  alluded  to  in  the  83rd  canon  of 
Archbishop  Whitgift,  1603,  which  is  directed  to 
"  the  churchwardens  or  questmen  "  ?  A.  A. 

CAPTAIN  ALEXANDER  CHEYNE.  —  Seeing  that 
"  N.  &  Q."  has  its  readers  in  Hobart  Town,  Tas- 
mania, I  venture  to  ask  J.  M'C.  B.  (one  of  your 
correspondents)  to  assist  me  with  information 
about  Captain  Alexander  Cheyne,  who  died  there 
about  six  or  eight  years  ago.  Captain  Cheyne 
was  formerly  an  officer  in  the  Engineers,  and  hav- 
ing resigned  his  commission,  settled  at  Hobart 
Town,  where  he  held  some  official  colonial  situa- 
tion, such  as  surveyor-general.  I  wish  to  ascer- 
tain the  date  of  his  death,  and  to  be  favoured  with 
a  copy  of  the  inscription  or  any  tablet,  or  tomb- 
stone raised  to  his  memory.  It  will  also  greatly 
serve  me  if  any  account  be  added  of  his  colonial 
services,  together  with  the  dates  and  names  of  the 
offices  he  may  have  filled  in  Tasmania. 

M.S.  R. 

EARL  OF  DALHOUSIE. — At  the  contested  elec- 
tion for  Perthshire,  in  1838,  when  the  Earl  of 
Dalhousie  (then  the  Hon.  Fox  Maule)  was  un- 
seated by  the  return  of  Lord  Stormont,  it  is  said 
that  Lord  Dalhousie  retired  to  the  Highland  Inn, 
at  Amulree,  in  the  same  county ;  and  that  he 
there  wrote  the  following,  or  similar  lines,  in  the 
Visitor's  book :  — 

"  Rejected  by  the  men  of  Perth, 

Cast  on  the  world  an  ex-M.P. ; 
I  sought  and  found  a  quiet  retreat 

Among  thy  -wilds,  sweet  Amulree." 
Is  the  visitor's  book,  referred  to,  still  in  exist- 
ence ?     If  so,  where  can  it  be  seen  ?     I  am  told 
that  there  were  many  curious  stanzas  and  re- 
marks in  it.  J, 

"  FAIS  CE  QUE  TD  DOIS,"  ETC.— Can  the  famous 
old  knightly  motto,  "  Fais  ce  que  tu  dois,  advienne 
que  pourra,"  be  assigned,  on  good  authority,  to 
any  particular  date  or  person,  and  what  are  its 
variations  ?  F.  H. 


GIANTS  AND  DWARFS.— Can  any  of  the  readers 
of  "  JST.  &  Q."  inform  me  where  I  can  inspect  the 
best  collections  for  a  history  of  the  giants  and 
dwarfs  who  have  been  exhibited  during  the  last 
and  present  century;  and  can  furnish  me  with 
the  names  and  addresses  of  those  now  living,  their 
heights,  weights,  and  ages?  W.  D. 

GENERAL  LAMBERT.— In  Vertue's  work  on  the 
Medals  of  Thomas  Simon,  originally  published  in 
1753,  mention  is  made  (p.  31)  of  a  medal  of 
General  Lambert.  The  medal,  in  silver,  is  stated 
to  be  in  the  possession  of  the  heir  of  the  family ; 
and,  as  I  recollect,  there  was  a  cast  of  it  in  the 
cabinet  of  Maurice  Johnson,  Esq.,  secretary  of 
the  Gentlemen's  Society  at  Spalding. 

Maurice  Johnson  died  in  1755. 

Is  it  known  what  has  become  either  of  the 
original  medal  or  of  the  cast  ?  P.  S.  CARET. 

THE  LAIRD  OF  LEE.  —  At  a  road  side  just  en« 
tering  the  village  of  Mauchline,  in  Ayrshire, 
there  is  a  tombstone  surrounded  by  iron  rails. 
On  the  stone  is  the  following  inscription :  — 

"Here  lie  the  bodies  of  Peter  Gillies,  John  Bryce, 
Thomas  Young,  William  Tiddison,  and  John  Bruning, 
who  were  apprehended  and  hanged  without  trial  at 
Mauchline  in  1685,  according  to  the  then  wicked  laws, 
for  their  adhesion  to  the  covenanted  worke  of  Reforma- 
tion.— Rev.  xii.  11. 

"  Bloody  Dumbarton,  Douglas,  and  Dundee, 
Moved  by  the  devil  and  the  Laird  of  Lee, 
Dragged  these  five  men  to  death  with  gun  and  sword, 
Not  suffering  them  to  pray  or  read  God's  word : 
Owning  the  worke  of  God  was  all  their  crime — 
The  Eighty-five  was  a  saint-killing  time. 
"Erected  by  subscription  in  1830.    The  old  decayed 
tombstone  from  which  this  is  copied  lies  below." 

Who  was  the  personage  here  alluded  to  as  the 
"Laird  of  Lee"?  M.  M. 

LANGUAGE  GIVEN  TO  MAN  TO  CONCEAL  HIS 
THOUGHTS.  —  "  Language  is  given  us  not  so  much 
to  express  as  to  conceal  our  thoughts."  This 
famous  saying  occurs,  as  above  quoted,  in  one  of 
Goldsmith's  works  (The  Bee)  ;  but  it  has  also 
been  traced  back  to  South,  the  eminent  divine, 
and  it  is  well  known  to  have  been  a  favourite 
saying  of  Talleyrand's.  Are  any  of  your  readers 
aware  of  any  other  celebrated  person  from  whom 
the  dictum  in  question  has  proceeded  ?  I  rather 
think  the  substance  of  it  may  be  found  in  the 
works  of  some  Greek  author,  whose  name  I  cannot 
however  recall.  It  is  certainly,  under  any  circum- 
stances, a  remarkable  fact  that  three  such  totally 
different  individuals  as  the  before-mentioned, 
should  have  promulgated  this  Machiavellian  sen- 
timent independently  of  each  other,  unless  we 
suppose  that  Goldsmith  derived  his  from  South ; 
but  even  then,  how  came  the  witty  Frenchman  to 
think  of  it,  who  most  certainly  could  scarcely  have 
been  familiar  with  the  writings  of  the  other  two 
persons  designated  ?  And,  as  I  have  said  before, 


.  V.  JAN.  9,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


35 


it  will,  I  believe,  be  found  to  be  of  very  great 
antiquity,  there  being  some  classical  writer  upon 
whom  the  honour(?)  rests  of  originating  the  say- 
ing in  the  first  instance.  ALPHA  THETA. 

[The  saying  has  been  traced  in  our  1st  S.  vol.  i.  p.  83, 
to  Lloyd  in  his  State  Worthies,  Dr.  Young,  Voltaire,  and 
Fontenelle.3 

HARRIETT  LIVERMORE  :  THE  PILGRIM  STRAN- 
GER.— In  the  year  1836,  about  the  end  of  August, 
Miss  Livermore  came  from  Philadelphia  to  Liver- 
pool :  from  thence,  she  crossed  to  Dublin  (through 
the  night  of  Aug.  31),  and  then  proceeded  by 
steamer  to  Plymouth.  She  remained  at  Plymouth 
for  some  time.  She  called  herself  "  the  Pilgrim 
Stranger ;"  and  she  was  then  on  feer  way  to  Jeru- 
salem, in  pursuance  of  what  she  designated  to  be 
a  divine  monition.  She  spoke  of  herself  as  being 
in  some  way  descended  from  the  North  American 
Indians ;  and  also  as  being  the  daughter  (or 
granddaughter)  of  "  Lord  Livermore,  Attorney- 
General  to  King  George  III.,  by  whom  he  had 
been  honoured  with  an  American  peerage."  She 
said  that  Joseph  Wolff  was  one  of  the  two  wit- 
nesses in  Rev.  xi.,  considering  herself  to  be  the 
other :  hence,  in  her  lodging  in  Plymouth,  she 
placed  Dr.  Wolff's  portrait  on  the  wall,  that  the 
two  witnesses  might  be  together.  After  some 
months,  she  went  to  Jerusalem ;  and  after  a  resi- 
dence there,  she  returned  to  America.  She  paid 
a  second  visit  to  Jerusalem ;  and,  on  her  return, 
she  again  stayed  (about  twenty  years  ago)  for  some 
time  in  Plymouth,  and  was  again  in  London  be- 
fore returning  to  America.  Her  opinions  and 
professions  still  continued  to  be  very  peculiar. 
She  absolutely  identified  Mohamet  Ali  and  Na- 
poleon Buonaparte ;  remarking,  however,  that  it 
was  very  strange  that  there  was  a  difference  in 
their  ages.  Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  give 
information  respecting  Harriett  Livermore  ?  Is 
she  still  living  ?  And  if  not,  when  did  she  die, 
and  where  ?  Did  she  visit  Jerusalem  more  than 
twice  ?  L-aEuus. 

MADMAN'S  FOOD  TASTING  OF  OATMEAL  POR- 
RIDGE. —  In  a  letter  written  by  Sir  Walter  Scott, 
dated  March  16,  1831  (not  published  by  Lock- 
hart),  he  describes  his  state  of  health  at  that 
time,  and  says :  — 

"  I  am  better,  but  still  very  precarious,  and  have  lost, 
as  Hamlet  says,  all  custom  of  my  exercise,  being  never 
able  to  walk  more  than  half  a  mile  on  foot,  or  ride  a  mile 
or  two  on  a  pony,  on  which  I  am  literally  lifted,  while 
my  forester  walks  by  his  head,  for  fear  a  sudden  start 
should  unship  me  altogether.  I  am  tied  by  a  strict  regi- 
men to  diet  and  hours,  and,  like  the  poor  madman  in  Bed- 
lam, most  of  my  food  tastes  of  oatmeat  porridge." 

To  what  do  these  last  words  refer  ?          Y.  P. 

SIR  EDWARD  MAY.  —  The  second  Marquis  of 
Donegal  married  Anna,  daughter  of  Sir  Edward 
May,  of  Mayfield,  county  Waterford,  Bart.  I 


should  be  glad  of  any  particulars  relating  to  this 
baronet,  his  ancestors,  or  descendants.  What 
were  his  armorial  bearings  ?  CARILFORD. 

Cape  Town. 

REV.  PETER  PECKARD,  D.D.,  Master  of  Mag- 
dalen College,  Cambridge,  author  of  a  Life  of 
Mr.  Nicholas  Ferrar,  published  in  1790.  I  am 
desirous  of  discovering  his  present  representative 
if  there  is  one  living,  or,  if  otherwise,  the  deposi- 
tary of  his  literary  collections  and  MSS.  Were 
they  bequeathed  to  Magdalen  College  ?  J,  L.  C. 

PENNY  LOAVES  AT  FUNERALS. — A  singular  cus- 
tom was  wont  to  prevail  at  Gainsborough,  of 
distributing  penny  loaves  on  the  occasion  of  a 
funeral  to  whomsoever  might  demand  them.  What 
was  the  origin  of  this  custom  ?  And  does  it  still 
exist  ?  ROBERT  KEMPT. 

MR.  W.  B.  RHODES,  author  of  Bombastes  Fu- 
rioso,  died  in  1826.  From  the  obituary  notice  of 
the  author  in  the  Gent.  Mag.  he  seems  to  have 
written  some  other  dramatic  pieces.  What  are 
the  titles  of  them,  and  have  they  appeared  in 
print?  R.I. 

SCOTTISH  FORMULA. — Can  any  of  your  readers 
inform  me  when  the  following  formula  was  first 
brought  into  use,  and  employed  by  the  Moderator 
pro  tempore  in  closing  the  General  Assemblies  of 
the  Scottish  Church  ?  — 

"  As  this  Assembly  was  constituted  in  the  name  and 
by  the  authority  of  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ,  the  only  King 
and  Head  of  this  Church,  so  in  the  same  name  and  by 
the  same  authority,  I  hereby  appoint  the  next  General 
Assembly  of  the  Church  of  Scotland  (or  Free  Church  of 
Scotland,  as  the  case  may  be),  to  be  held  on  the  — — — 
day  of  May,  18— ." 

Or  words  to  this  effect.  O. 

TRADE  AND  IMPROVEMENT  OF  IRELAND. — I  am 

now  pursuing  some  inquiries  into  the  commercial 
history  of  Ireland.  I  have  obtained  a  tract  of  100 
pages,  An  Essay  on  the  Trade  and  Improvement 
of  Ireland,  by  Arthur  Dobbs.  Published  in  Dub- 
lin, MDCCXXIX.  It  is  full  of  important  statistical 
information.  On  the  last  page  it  is  stated  that 
"  The  rest  of  this  discourse  shall  be  given  in  a 
second  part."  Can  you  or  any  of  your  readers 
assist  me  to  the  second  part,  or  inform  me  if  such 
second  part  was  ever  published  ?  I  think  it  will 
be  the  same  Arthur  Dobbs  who  is  given  in  Lowndes 
as  the  author  of  a  work  entitled  An  Account  of  the 
Countries  adjoining  to  Hudson  s  Bay,  in  the  North' 
ivest  Part  of  America,  London,  1744.  But  no 
mention  is  made  of  the  work  on  Ireland  above  re- 
ferred to.  T.  B. 

WILD  MEN.  —  What  work  contains  an  account 
of  the  sect  who,  during  the  last  century,  held 
evangelical  principles  in  Scotland,  and  were  termed 
"Wild  Men,"  and  these  principles  themselves 
"  Wild  Doctrines  ?  "  VECTIS. 


36 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


i  S.  V.  JAN.  9,  '64. 


PORTRAIT  OF  GENERAL  WOLFE  BY  GAINS- 
BOROUGH.  —In  Mr.  Thornbury's  British  Painters, 
from  Hogarth  to  Turner  (vol.  i.  p.  26),  mention  is 
made  of  a  portrait  of  "  General  Wolfe,  in  a  silver- 
laced  coat,"  and  Mr.  Thornbury  has  kindly  re- 
ferred me  to  his  authority.  In  the  Catalogue  of 
Portraits,  appended  to  G.  W.  Fulcher's  Life  of 
Gainsborough  (1856),  I  have  found,  under  the 
heading  of  "Soldiers  and  Sailors:"  "General 
Wolfe.  (Head  and  bust.)  He  is  in  uniform,  and 
wears  his  hat ;  the  silver  lace  on  which,  and  on  his 
coat,  is  touched  with  great  brilliancy.  Possessor, 
Mrs.  Gibbon."  (Query,.  Gainsborough's  sister?) 
Wolfe  and  Gainsborough  were  born  in  the  same 
year ;  and  the  latter,  it  appears,  did  not  remove 
from  Ipswich  to  Bath,  where  he  acquired  cele- 
brity as  a  portrait  painter,  until  1760— the  year 
after  Wolfe's  death.  From  this,  and  other  cir- 
cumstances, I  think  it  improbable  that  the  General 
sat  to  Gainsborough.  However,  I  wish  to  in- 
quire whether  any  correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
ever  met  with  a  reputed  portrait  of  Wolfe  by  that 
artist  ?  And  if  so,  when,  where,  &c.  ? 

KOBERT  WRIGHT. 

102,  Great  Russell  Street,  W.C. 


durrtrs  tottlj  3nsujrrs. 

"  ADAMUS  EXUL"  OF  GROTIUS.— In  1839  there 
was  published  "  The  Adamus  Exul  of  Grotius,  or 
the  Prototype  of  Paradise  Lost:  now  first  trans- 
lated from  the  Latin,  by  Francis  Barham,  Esq." 
(Pp.  xii.  and  51.)  This  pamphlet  is  introduced  by 
a  dedication  to  John  A.  Heraud,  Esq.,  then  the 
editor  of  the  Monthly  Magazine,  in  the  October 
Number  o^  which,  in  1839,  this  translation  from 
Grotius  was  also  inserted.  In  the  preface  to  the 
translation,  Mr.  Barham  gives  a  curious  account 
of  the  original  Latin  drama  of  Grotius,  which 
was  not,  it  seems,  included  in  his  collected  works. 
Mr.  Barham  concludes  his  introduction  thus :  — 

"  We  may  just  add,  that  if  this  work  should  excite 
much  interest,  it  is  our  intention  to  republish  the  original 
Latin  —  now  extremely  scarce." 

Twenty-four  years,  however,  have  passed,  and 
there  has  not  (so  far  as  I  know)  been  any  edition 
of  the  Latin  of  this  drama. 

Is^the  Adamus  Exul  a  genuine  production  of 
Grotius?  If  so,  why  has  it  had  no  place  in  his  col- 
lected works  ?  Is  there  any  mystification  about  this 
book  ?  Where  can  genuine  copies  of  it  be  seen  ? 
What  has  become  of  the  copy  used  by  Mr.  Bar- 
ham  ? 

Who  was  the  translator?  Was  he  the  editor  of 
Collier's  Ecclesiastical  History,  published  in  nine 
vols.  by  Mr.  Straker?  What  other  works  are 
there  of  Mr.  Francis  Barham  ?  L.ZELIUS. 

[A  copy  of  the  original  Latin  tragedy,  with  the  auto- 
graph of  Grotius,  is  in  the  British  Museum.  It  is  entitled 


"  Hvgonis  Grotii  Sacra  inqvibvs  Adamvs  Exvl  Tragcedia 
aliorvmque  eivsdem  generis  carminvm  Cvmvlvs  conse- 
crata  Francire  Principi.  Ex  Tj^pographio  Alberti  Henrici, 
Hagse  Comitatensi,  1601,"  small  4to.  It  will  be  re- 
membered that  this  was  one  of  the  works  quoted  by 
William  Lauder  in  his  attempt  to  defraud  Milton  of  his 
fame  as  author  of  the  Paradise  Lost. 

Mr.  Barham  was  the  editor  of  the  first  recent  reprint 
of  Jeremy  Collier's  Ecclesiastical  History,  1840.  (The 
edition  of  1852,  by  Mr.  Lathbury,  is  decidedly  the  best.) 
Mr.  Barham's  name  is  also  connected  with  the  following 
works:  1.  The  Life  and  Times  of  John  Reuchlin,  or  Cap- 
nion.  2.  The  Political  Works  of  Cicero,  comprising  "  The 
Republic  "  and  "  The  Laws,"  translated  from  the  original. 
2  vols.  3.  The  Hebrew  and  English  Holy  Bible,  from  the 
text  of  Heidenheim  and  the  version  of  Bennett.  4. 
Socrates,  a  Tragedy  in  Five  Acts.  5.  M.  Guizot's  Theory 
of  Syncratism  and  Coalition,  translated  from  his  cele- 
brated article  on  "  Catholicism,  Protestantism,  and  Phi- 
losophy."] 

CAMBRIDGE  BIBLE.  —  A  Bible  printed  at  the 
Pitt  Press,  dated  on  the  title-page  1837,  contains 
a  preliminary  inscription  as  follows  :  — 

"  In  consequence  of  a  communication  most  graciously 
made  by  his  Majesty  King  William  the  Fourth  to  the 
Marquess  Camden,  Chancellor  of  the  University  of  Cam- 
bridge, the  Syndics  of  the  Pitt  Press,  anxious  to  testify 
their  dutiful  obedience  to  His  Majesty's  wishes,  undertook 
the  publication  of  this  impression  of  the  Holy  Scrip- 
tures." 

A  copy  on  vellum  was  printed  for  his  Majesty, 
the  first  eight  pages  being  struck  off  at  the  Public 
Commencement,  1835,  by  the  Chancellor  of  the 
University,  the  Duke  of  Cumberland,  and  other 
royal  and  noble  personages.  The  Bible  is  a  quarto, 
in  a  beautiful  type,  double  columns  within  red 
lines.  My  copy  was  purchased  at  Sotheby  and 
Wilkinson's,  and  I  am  under  an  impression  that 
this  edition  was  not  sold  to  the  public. 

What  was  the  communication  made  by  King 
William  IV.  ?  H.  T.  D.  B. 

[At  the  first  commencement  after  the  installation  of 
the  Marquis  Camden  as  Chancellor  of  the  University  of 
Cambridge,  on  July  8, 1835,  he  and  his  friends  proceeded 
to  one  of  the  press-rooms  in  the  north  wing  of  the  Pitt 
Press,  when  the  first  two  sheets  of  a  splendid  edition  of 
the  Bible  were  struck  off  by  the  Chancellor,  the  Duke  of 
Cumberland,  Prince  George  of  Cambridge,  Duke  of  Wel- 
lington, Duke  of  Northumberland,  the  Archbishop  of 
Canterbury,  &c.  On  which  occasion  the  Chancellor  in- 
formed the  noble  personages  that  His  Majesty,  William 
IV.,  had  expressed  to  him  a  desire  to  have  a  copy  of  that 
Sacred  Book  from  the  press  which  bore  the  name  of  the 
illustrious  statesman,  William  Pitt.  See  the  Chancellor's 
speech  as  reported  in  the  Cambridge  Chronicle  and  Jour- 
nal of  July  10,  1835.  This  is  the  last  edition  of  the  Bible 
in  which  the  reading  occurs,  Matt.  xii.  23,  "  Is  this  the 
Son  of  David?"  instead  or  "Is  not  this  the  Son  of 
David?"] 


V.  JAN.  9, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


37 


BRITANNIA   ON    PENCE    AND    HALFPENCE.  —  I 

shall  be  glad  of  any  information  as  to  the  origin 
of  this  figure,  when  first  employed,  and  ^  why 
adopted.  Also  why  the  fourpenny  piece  is  the 
only  silver  coin  which  bears  it.  W.  H.  WILLS. 

Bristol. 

[The  earliest  coin  we  have  been  able  to  trace  with  the 
figure  of  Britannia  is  a  copper  halfpenny  of  Charles  II., 
1672.  This  coin  was  engraved  by  Boeder,  and  the 
figure  of  Britannia  is  said  by  Evelyn  to  bear  a  strong 
resemblance  to  the  Duchess  of  Richmond.  "  Monsieur 
Roti  (graver  to  his  late  Majesty  Charles  II.)  so  accurately 
expressed  the  countenance  of  the  Duchess  of  Richmond 
in  the  head  of  Britannia  in  the  reverse  of  some  of  our 
coin,  and  especially  in  a  medal,  as  one  may  easily,  and 
almost  at  first  sight,  know  it  to  be  her  grace."  (Numis- 
muta,  p.  27.)  Walpole  says,  he  believes  this  was  Philip 
Rotier,  and  that  he,  "  being  in  love  with  the  fair  Mrs. 
Stuart,  Duchess  of  Richmond,  represented  her  likeness, 
under  the  form  of  Britannia,  on  the  reverse  of  a  large 
nedal  with  the  king's  head."  (Anecdotes  of  Painting,  iii. 
173.)  In  1836,  it  was  resolved  to  issue  silver  groats  for 
general  circulation ;  the  reverse  is  a  figure  of  Britannia 
helmeted,  seated,  resting  her  right  hand  upon  her  shield, 
and  supporting  a  trident  with  her  left.  "  These  pieces," 
says  Mr.  Hawkins,  *'  are  said  to  have  owed  their  exist- 
ence to  the  pressing  instance  of  Mr.  Hume,  from  whence 
they,  for  some  time,  bore  the  nickname  of  Joeys.  As 
they  were  very  convenient  to  pay  short  cab -fares,  the 
Hon.  M.P.  was  extremely  unpopular  with  the  drivers, 
who  frequently  received  only  a  groat  where  otherwise 
they  would  have  received  a  sixpence  without  any  demand 
for  change.  One  driver  ingeniously  endeavoured  to  put 
them  out  of  circulation  by  giving  all  he  received  to  his 
son  upon  condition  that  he  did  not  spend  them  or  ex- 
change them.  This  had,  however,  one  good  effect,  as  it 
made  the  man  an  economist,  and  a  little  store  became 
accumulated  which  would  be  useful  upon  some  unex- 
pected emergence."  (Silver  Coins  of  England,  p.  257.) 
Consult  also  Ruding's  Annals  of  Coinage,  ii.  385.] 

JOHN  WIGAN,  M.D.— Where  can  any  sketch 
of  the  life  of  this  distinguished  physician  and 
eminent  scholar  in  the  last  century  be  found? 
He  edited  a  magnificent  folio  edition  of  Aretceus, 
published  at  the  Clarendon  Press  at  Oxford  in 
1723.  A  John  Wigan  occurs  in  the  list  of  Prin- 
cipals of  New  Inn  Hall,  from  1726  to  1732,  whom 
I  presume  to  have  been  the  same  person. 

He  was  educated  at  Westminster  under  Dr. 
Robert  Friend,  elected  to  Christ  Church  as  Stu- 
dent in  1714,  and  died  in  Jamaica  in  1739.  Be- 
sides Aretceus  he  edited  Dr.  John  Friend's  Works, 
and  was  the  author  of  several  copies  of  verses  in 
the  Carmina  Quadragesimalia.  Such  particulars, 
however,  as  I  can  discover  about  him  are  but 
meagre.  OXONIENSIS. 

[John  Wigan,  M.D.,  born  1695,  was  the  son  of  the  Rev. 
Win.  Wigan,  rector  of  Kensington.  He  was  educated  at 
the  Westminster  school,  and  at  Christ  Church,  Oxford, 


A.B.  Feb.  6, 1718,  A.M.  March  22, 1720 ;  proceeded  M.D. 
July  6,  1727.  On  Oct.  5,  1726,  he  was  admitted  Prin- 
cipal of  New  Inn  Hall,  Oxford,  and  about  the  same  time 
appointed  secretary  to  the  Earl  of  Arran.  He  was  ad- 
mitted a  fellow  of  the  College  of  Physicians,  April  3, 1732* 
and  settled  in  London.  In  1738  Dr.  Wigan  accompanied 
his  friend  Mr.  Trelawny  to  Jamaica  as  physician  and 
secretary,  and  died  there  Dec.  5,  1739,  aged  forty-four. 
Vide  Munk's  Roll  of  the  College  of  Physicians,  ii.  108,  and 
Welch's  Alumni  Westmonasterienses,  ed.  1852,  p.  262.] 

JOHN  REYNOLDS.  —  Can  you  furnish  any  parti- 
culars of  the  life  of  John  Reynolds,  Esq.,  Admiral 
of  the  White,  who  died  in  1788.  R.  S.  F. 

[Some  particulars  of  Admiral  John  Reynolds  after  he 
entered  the  navy,  are  given  in  Charnock's  Biographia 
Navalis,  v.  503.  On  the  30th  of  October,  1746,  he  was 
promoted  to  be  captain  of  the  "  Arundel " ;  was  governor 
of  Georgia,  between  1745  and  1758 ;  appointed  captain  of 
the  "  Burford"  in  1769  or  1770 ;  removed  into  the  "  De- 
fence "  early  in  1771,  which  was  his  last  command  as 
private  captain.  On  March  31, 1775,  he  was  promoted  to 
be  rear-admiral  of  the  Blue,  as  he  was  on  Feb.  3, 1776,  to 
be  rear-admiral  of  the  White ;  early  in  Jan.  1778,  to  be  rear 
of  the  Red,  and  on  the  29th  of  the  same  month  to  be 
vice-admiral  of  the  Blue.  On  Sept.  26,  1780,  he  was  far- 
ther advanced  to  be  vice-admiral  of  the  White,  and  on 
Sept,  24,  1787,  made  admiral  of  the  Blue.  His  death  took 
place  in  January,  1788.] 

RICHAED  GEDNEY. — Can  you  oblige  me  with  a 
few  particulars  regarding  the  life  of  this  juvenile 
poet ;  the  date  of  his  death,  &c.  ?  R.  I. 

[Richard  Solomon  Gedney  was  born  at  New  York  on 
Oct.  15, 1838.  At  the  age  of  two  years  he  was  brought 
over  to  England,  and  educated  first  at  Chorlton  High 
School,  near  Manchester,  and  afterwards  at  Cheltenham 
College.  In  his  late  years  he  manifested  a  strong  par- 
tiality for  dramatic  literature;  but,  alas!  this  youthful 
aspirant  for  literary  fame  did  not  live  to  complete  his 
eighteenth  year.  After  a  protracted  illness,  he  died  on 
July  15,  1856,  and  his  remains  were  embalmed  and  for- 
warded to  America  for  interment  in  the  family  mausoleum 
at  Malvern  Hall,  on  the  banks  of  the  river  Hudson.  See 
a  brief  Memoir  of  this  youthful  genius  by  James  Ogden, 
M.D.,  prefixed  to  R.  S.  Gedney's  Poetical  Works,  Second 
Edition,  New  York,  8vo,  1857."] 

ARMS  OF  SIB  WILLIAM  SENNOKE.— The  arms 
of  Sennoke,  Lord  Mayor  1418,  are  seven  acorns. 
I  should  be  glad  to  know  their  relative  position, 
and  the  tinctures  of  the  coat.  C.  J.  R. 

[In  Stow's  Survey,  1633,  fol.  p.  561,  the  seven  acorns 
of  the  coat  of  Sir  William  Sevenoke  are  placed  as  three, 
three,  and  one ;  but  in  Burke's  Armory  we  read,  "  Seven- 
oke (Lord  Mayor  of  London,  1418).  Az.  seven  acorna 
or,  two,  three,  and  two."  Under  the  local  name  "  Seven- 
oke," Burke  gives  "  Vert,  seven  acorns  or,  three,  three 
and  one,"  as  in  Stow.] 


38 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  JAN.  9,  '64. 


WBGH.  — In  an  account,  temp.  Edw.  III.,  this 
word  seems  to  express  a  particular  or  certain 
weight  or  quantity  :  thus,;  wegh  salis  et  dinndium, 
a  wei^h  and  half  of  salt.  Bosworth's  Ang.-Sax. 
Diet,  translates  "  waeg,  weg,"  a  wey,  weigh,  weight ; 
"we<w,  wsecg,"  a  mass.  The  modern  usage— a 
wei<rh°or  wey  of  cheese,  for  instance— is  also  inde- 
finite. A  reference  to  any  authority  where  used 
otherwise  will  oblige.  Gr-  A.  C. 

[The  following  passages  in  the  "  Statutum  de  ponderi- 
bus  et  mensuris"  (which  we  transcribe  from  a  MS.  copy 
in  a  hand  temp.  Edw.  I. ;  see  also  Statutes  of  the  Realm) 
will  explain  as  well  as  may  be  the  question  asked  by  our 
correspondent :  — 

"  Waga  enim,  tarn  plumbi,  quam  lane,  sepi,  vel  casei, 
ponderat  xiiij  petras."  And  in  another  place  we  have — 
"  Qualibet  petra  habet  xiij  libras."] 

TWELFTH  NIGHT:  THE  WORST  PUN.  —  Among 
the  amusements  of  Twelfth  Night,  did  any  one 
ever  hear  of  a  prize  given  to  the  party  who  could 
make  the  worst  pun?  JOSEPH  MILLER. 

[We  never  did ;  but  we  have  heard  many  puns  which 
might  fairly  be  admitted  to  the  competition.  We  once 
heard  of  a  prize  offered  for  the  worst  conundrum,  which 
was  won  by  the  following : 

"  Why  is  the  bellowing  of  a  single  bull  less  melodious 
than  the  bellowing  of  two  ?  Give  it  up  ?  " 

Answer :  "  Because  the  first  is  only  a  bull,  but  the 
second  is  a  bull-bull "  (bulbul,  a  nightingale). 

This  was  unanimously  admitted  by  the  friends  as- 
sembled to  be  the  worst  conundrum  they  had  ever  heard, 
and  as  such  received  the  prize.] 

PORTRAIT  OF  BISHOP  HORSLEY.  —  In  any  of 
the  numerous  publications  of  the  Bishop,  was 
there  ever  a  portrait  of  him  published  in  any  of 
them,  or  in  any  contemporary  publications  of  his 
time,  or  since  ?  GEO.  I.  COOPER. 

[A  Memoir  of  Bishop  Horsley,  with  a  portrait,  may  be 
found  in  the  European  Magazine,  Ixiii.  371,  494.  In 
Evans's  Catalogue  of  Engraved  Portraits,  Vol.  i.  p.  177, 
are  the  following :  8vo,  Gd. ;  large  folio,  5s.  proof,  7s.  6d., 
by  J.  Green,  engraved  by  Meyer;  4to,  2s.  6d.  by  Hum- 
phrey, engraved  by  Godby.] 

"  EDUCATION."— Who  was  the  author  of  a  work, 
entitled,  Of  Education,  especially  of  Young  Gen- 
tlemen? My  copy  is  "the  fifth  impression,  Ox- 
ford, printed  at  the  Theatre  for  Amos  Curteyne, 
anno  1687,  and  has  a  woodcut  of  the  Sheldonian 
Ineatre  on  the  title-page.  H.  T.  D.  B. 

[This  is  one  of  the  productions  of  Obadiah  Walker, 
sometime  Master  of  University  College,  Oxford,  who 
espoused  the  faith  of  the  Roman  Church  on  the  accession 
of  James  II.,  and  abjured  it  on  his  abdication.  Commons' 
Journals,  Oct.  26,  1689;  and  Dod's  Church  History,  ii.3  ] 


JEREMY  COLLIER  ON  THE  STAGE,  ETC. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  390,  435.) 

The  notice  of  Collier's  Short  View  in  Colley 
Gibber's  Apology,  led  me  early  to  procure  the 
book,  'and  its  own  proper  merit  and  interest,  to 
search  after  the  works  of  those  who  took  part  in 
the  controversy  with  him.  One  of  these  led  to- 
another,  till  at  length — (in  the  way  that  Charles 
Lamb  said  that  he  had  managed  to  acquire  the 
wonderful  mastery  over  tobacco,  by  which  he  as- 
tonished the  weaker  nerves  of  Dr.  Parr:  "by 
toiling  after  it,  Sir,  as  some  men  toil  after  vir- 
tue ") — I  succeeded  in  obtaining  a  very  complete 
collection.  In  looking  this  over  with  the  list  of 
your  correspondent,  I  find  that  I  am  able  to  add 
the  titles  of  the  following  :  — 

"Overthrow  of  Stage-Playes,  by  way  of  Controversy 
between  D.  Gager  and  D.  Rainoldes,  wherein  is  manifestly 
proved  that  it  is  not  only  unlawful  to  be  an  Actor,  but  a 
Beholder  of  those  Vanities.  By  Dr.  John  Reynolde."  Lon- 
don, 4to,  1599. 

"  Theatrum  Redivivum ;  or,  the  Theatre  Vindicated,  by 
Sir  Richard  Baker,  in  Answer  to  Mr.  Pryn's  Histrio- 
Mastix,  Wherein  his  groundless  assertions  against  Stage- 
Plays  are  discovered,  his  mistaken  Allegations  of  the 
Fathers  manifested,  as  also  what  he  calls  his  Reasons,  to 
be  nothing  but  his  Passions."  London,  12mo,  1662, 
pp.141. 

[These  pieces  of  course  belong  to  former  controversies- 
I  mention  them  as  connected  with  the  subject,  and  just 
falling  under  my  hand.] 

"A  Vindication  of  the  Stage,  with  the  Usefullness  and 
Advantages  of  Dramatic  Representation,  in  Answer  to- 
Mr.  Collier's  late  Book,  entituled,"  &c.  4to,  London,1698, 
pp.  29. 

"  A  Letter  to  Mr.  Congreve  on  his  Pretended  Amend- 
ments," &c.  8vo,  London,  1698,  pp.  42. 

44  A  Further  Defence  of  Dramatic  Poetry ;  Being  the 
Second  Part  of  the  Review  of  Mr.  Collier's  View,  &c. 
Done  by  the  same  Hand."  8vo,  London,  1698,  pp.  72. 

"A  Representation  of  the  Impiety  and  Immorality  of 
the  English  Stage,  with  Reasons  for  putting  a  stop  thereto, 
and  some  Questions  addrest  ^to  those  who  frequent  the 
Play-Houses."  12mo,  London,  1704,  pp.  24. 

"Serious  Reflections  on  the  Scandalous  Abuse  and 
Effects  of  the  Stage :  in  a  Sermon  preached  at  the  Parish 
Church  of  St.  Nicholas  in  the  City  of  Bristol,  on  Sunday 
the  7th  Day  of  January,  170|.  By  Arthur  Bedford,  M.AV* 
&c.  8vo,  Bristol,  1705,  pp.  44. 

"  The  Stage- Beaux  toss'd  in  a  Blanket,  or  Hypocrisie 

Alamode ;  Exposed  in  a  true  Picture  of  Jerry , 

a  Pretending  Scourge  to  the  English  Stage,  a  Comedy, 
with  a  Prologue  on  Occasional  Conformity ;  being  a  Full 
Explanation  of  the  Poussin  Doctor's  Book,  and  an  Epi- 
logue on  the  Reformers.  Spoken  at  the  Theatre  Royal  in 
Drury  Lane.  4to,  London,  1704,  pp.  64. 

[This  piece  was  written  by  the  celebrated  Tom  Brown.] 

"  The  Evil  and  Danger  of  Stage  Plays,  shewing  their 
Natural  Tendency  to  Destroy  Religion,  "and  introduce  a 
General  Corruption  of  Manners,  in  almost  Two  thousand 
Instances,  &c.  By  Arthur  Bedford."  8vo,  London,  1706, 
pp.  227. 

["  As  the  eminent  labours  of  Mr.  Collier  and  others 


3'd  S.  V.  JAN.  9,  '64.] 


XOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


39 


have  justly  alarmed  the  nation ;  so  I  hope  that  my  weak 
endeavours  may  be  in  some  measure  serviceable  for  their 
further  conviction,"  &c.] 

"  A  Defence  of  Plays ;  or,  the  Stage  Vindicated  from 
several  Passages  in  Mr.  Collier's  « Short  View,'  wherein  is 
oftered  the  most  Probable  Method  of  Reforming  our  Plays, 
with  a  Consideration  how  far  vicious  Characters  may  be 
allowed  on  the  Stage.  By  Edward  Filmer,  Doctor  of  the 
Civil  Laws."  8vo,  London,  Tonson,  1707,  pp.  167. 

[This  is  the  work  of  which  the  imprint  is  sought.] 

«  The  Works  of  Mr.  Robert  Gould,"  &c.,  2  vols.  8vo, 
London.  1709. 

[The  second  volume  contains  "The  Play  House,  a 
Satyr."  In  three  parts,  some  1200  lines,  very  "  free  "  and 
curious.] 

"  A  Serious  Remonstrance  on  Behalf  of  the  Christian 
Religion,  against  the  horrid  Blasphemies  and  Impieties 
which  are  still  used  in  the  English  Play  Houses,  to  the 
great  Dishonour  of  Almighty  God,  and  in  contempt  of  the 
Statutes  of  this  Realm,  shewing  their  plain  Tendency  to 
overthrow  all  Piety,  and  advance  the  Interest  and  Honour 
of  the  Devil  in  the  World ;  from  almost  Seven  thousand 
Instances  taken  out  of  the  Plays  of  the  present  Century, 
and  especially  of  the  last  four  years,  in  defiance  of  all 
methods  hitherto  used  for  their  Reformation.  By  Arthur 
Bedford,  M.A.,  Chaplain  to  the  Most  Noble  Wriothesley, 
Duke  of  Bedford,"  &c.  8vo,  London,  1719,  pp.  383. 

[In  this  very  curious  book,  the  reverend  compiler  has, 
with  singular  industry,  and,  as  it  would  appear,  out  of 
consideration  for  the  convenience  of  lovers  of  obscene  and 
blasphemous  reading,  produced  a  manual  which  saves  the 
necessity  of  reference  to  our  more  licentious  writers  for 
the  drama.  Thus  we  are  reminded  of  those  judicious 
editions  of  the  Classics,  in  usum  scholarum,  so  neatly  sati- 
rised by  Byron  in  Don  Juan,  canto  I.  xliv.  Very  little  is 
known  of  the  Rev.  Arthur  Bedford ;  he  was  successively 
Vicar  of  Temple  in  the  city  of  Bristol,  and  Rector  of  New- 
ton St.  Loe,  in  the  county  of  Somerset.  He  afterwards 
resided  in  London  as  chaplain  to  the  Haberdashers'  Hos- 
pital at  Hoxton,  and  died  September  13, 1745.  His  other 
works  are  enumerated  in  the  Fly-Leaves,  published  by 
Mr.  Miller  late  of  Chandos  Street,  12mo,  1854,  p.  176, 
1st  Series."] 

"The  Conduct  of  the  Stage  considered;  Being  a  Short 
Historical  Account  of  its  Original,  &c.,  humbly  recom- 
mended to  the  consideration  of  those  whofrequent  the  Play  - 
Houses.  'One  Play- House  ruins  more  Souls  than  Fifty 
Churches  are  able  to  save,'  Bulstrode's  Charge  to  the 
Grand  Jury  of  Middlesex,  April  21, 1718."  8vo,  London, 
1721,  pp.  43. 

"The  Absolute  Unlawfulness  of  the  Stage  Entertain- 
ment fully  demonstrated,  by  W.  Law,  A.M."  2nd  ed. 
8vo,  London,  1726,  pp.  50. 

_«'  A  Short  View,  &c.,  by  Jeremy  Collier."  8vo,  London, 
1/28. 

["  Containing  several  Defences  of  the  same  in  answer 
to  Mr.^  Congreve,  Dr.  Drake,"  &c.  I  cite  this  reprint  of 
Collier's  original  work  here,  in  chronological  sequence, 
as  being  the  best  edition,  and  the  one  to  be  specially 
sought  for  by  the  collector,  as  he  will  here  have,  without 
further  trouble,  the  "  Defence,"  the  "  Second  Defence," 
and  the  "  Further  Vindication"  in  reply  to  Dr.  Filmer.] 

"An  Oration,  in  which  an  Enquiry  is  made  whether 
the  Stage  is,  or  can  be  made,  a  School  for  forming  the 
Mind  to  Virtue,  and  proving  the  Superiority  of  Theatric 
Instruction  over  those  of  History  and  Moral  Philosophy. 
By  Charles  Poree  of  the  Society  of  Jesus.  Translated  by 
Mr.  Lockman."  8vo,  London,'l734,  pp.  111. 


The  citation  of  the  last  two  pamphlets  has  taken 
me  somewhat  beyond  the  Collierian  controversy 
proper ;  but  they  are  not  without  value  and  im- 
portance as  bearing  on  the  general  subject. 

WILLIAM  BATES. 

Edgbaston. 

ROMAN  GAMES. 
(3rd  S.  iii.  490;  iv.  19.) 

Allow  me  to  assure  CHESSBOROUGH  that,  to  the 
best  of  my  belief  and  information,  I  have  not 
"  misquoted  the  passage  from  Justinian,"  sent  by 
me  to  your  columns  some  months  ago,  in  the  hope 
of  eliciting,  if  possible,  an  exact  explanation  of  the 
games  therein  alluded  to.  I  have  since  consulted 
several  of  the  best  editions  of  the  Corpus  Juris, 
and  cannot  find  anything  to  justify  the  substitu- 
tion of  "  cordacem  "  for  "  contacem  ;  "  and,  be- 
sides, from  an  extract  which  I  shall  presently  give, 
it  will  be  seen  that  the  "  quintanum  contacem " 
is  quite  another  thing  from  the  "  cordax,"  with 
the  aid  of  which  CHESSBOROUGH  interprets  the 
passage. 

Among  those  which  I  have  consulted  I  may 
mention  the  well-known  editions  of  Dion.  Gotho- 
fredus,  cura  Sim.  van  Leeuwen,  Amst.  1663;  the 
Corpus  Juris  Academicum^  Friesleben,  1789 ;  and 
a  modern  stereotyped  edition  (1858)  of  the  Corpus 
Juris,  originally  prepared  by  the  critical  brothers, 
Kriegel. 

The  passage  I  before  sent  to  you  was  (taking 
the  Gotbofredan  edition  as  our  guide)  from  Code, 
3,  43,  3,  in  med.  By  way  of  further  explanation 
I  would  take  the  liberty  (assuming  that  the  work 
is  not  in  CHESSBOROUGH'S  hands)  of  quoting  a 
previous  passage,  c.  3,  43,  1,  which  has  the  ad- 
vantage of  a  few  notes  (cura  van  Leeuwen)  in 
explanation  of  the  text :  — 

"  Duntaxat  autem  ludereliceat  novopoXov**  liceat  item 
ludere  Kovro^Lov6^oKov^  KOVTOOHJV  K6vrana,  et  item  liceat 
ludere  5°  %(ap\s  TTJS  ir6pirns,  id  est,  ludere  vibratione  Quin- 
tiana,51  absque  spiculo,  sive  aculeo  aut  ferro,  a  quodam 
Quinto  ita  nominata  hac  lusus  specie.  Liceat  item  ludere 
•jrepixvrrjv,  id  est,  exerceri  lucta : 53  liceat  vero  etiam  ex- 
erceri  hippice,55  id  est,  equorum  cursu,"  &c. 

Having  before  me  the  information  contained  in 
this  passage,  what  I  wanted  was  a  reference  to 
some  work  of  authority  containing  a  full  and  ac- 
curate description  of  the  different  games.  If  such 
a  work  does  not  exist,  I  reciprocate  the  wish  ex- 
pressed by  CHESSBOROUGH,  that  some  modern 

"  48  Id  est,  singulari  saltu. 

49  Saltu  conto  sussulto. 

50  Alii  legunt  KO.T  fyi(£a>,  vel  Catampo,  vel  Catabo,  quod 
genus  est  ludi  Festo. 

51  Ab  inventore  sic  dicta. 

52  Seu  colluctatione. 

53  'JTHTI*^.   Troia  sive  Pyrrhica,  curriculum  equorum," 
&c. 


40 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[8rd  S.  V.  JAN.  9,  '64. 


"Strutt"  would  give  to  the  world  the  results  of 
his  researches  in  this  neglected  held. 

A  difficulty  occurs  in  CHESSBOROUGH  s  render- 
in"  of  the  "singular!  saltu"  a  somersault;  be- 
cause, supposing"*  to  be  a  somersault,  how,  in  the 
"saltu  conto  sulsulto"  could  it  be  thrown  with  a 
nole  ?  May  it  not  rather  have  been  an  ordinary 
Syin*  jump?  The  note  marked  50  may  give 
CHESDSBOEOUGH  a  better  clue  if  he  will  kindly  con- 
tinue his  inquiry,  and  oblige  one  at  a  distance  who 
has  not  his  facility  for  reference  and  research. 

What  was  the  "  vibratio  Qumtiana  ?  for  if  it 
was  "  ab  inventore  sic  dicta,"  as  the  note  says  it 
was  (note  51),  it  is  at  variance  with  CHESS- 
BOROUGH'S  reference  to  the  "  Quintanus  or  five 
deep  rows  of  the  circus."  Would  it  not  rather 


be  an  exercise  in  which  a  Kovrbs  was  hurled 
at  some  object,  the  Kovrbs  being  "sine  fibula, 
X*>pls  rrjs  irop-irns,  i.  e.  without  a  hooked  point  or 
prong,  to  avoid  danger.  I  admit  this  to  be  an 
explanation  par  hazard,  and  therefore  will  not 
stake  my  "  etymological  sagacity  "  on  its  accuracy. 
The  vfpixvrriv  was  evidently  a  wrestling  match, 
"  exerceri  lucta,"  but  of  what  precise  nature  still 
depends  on  some  of  your  obliging  correspondents. 

I  have  no  doubt  that  the  "  hippice  "  was  some 
modification  of  the  "  ludus  Trojae,"  for,  judging 
from  the  account  given  by  Virgil  (JEn.  v.  545)  of 
that  very  intricate  movement,  it  would  scarcely 
have  been  worth  the  performer's  while  to  have 
played  for  the  single  "  solidus,"  which  Justinian 
fixed  as  the  legal  limit. 

I  find  I  omitted  to  add  another  game  to  those  of 
which  I  before  sought  explanation,  viz.,  what  ex- 
actly were  the  "  lignea  equestria  "  ?  In  the  Code 
3,  43,  3,  ad  Jin.,  these  words  occur  :  "  Prohibemus 
etiam  ne  sint  equi  (seu  equestres)  lignei,"  &c. 
And  in  the  "  argumentum  "  preceding  the  (Go- 
thofredan)  text,  the  following  amusing  passage  is 
given  :  — 

"  Balsamon  notat  de  equi  lignei  signification^  incidisse 
apud  Imperatorem  gravem  quondam  disputationem,  qui- 
busdam  asserentibus  ilium  ludum  significari,  quo  pueri 
extra  circum  aurigando  pro  equis  hominibus  utuntur; 
aliis,  vero,  contro  contendibus  ligneam  esse  fabricam  per 
scalas  ligneas  exaltatam,  habentem  in  medio  diversa  fo- 
ramina :  nam  qui  hoc  genere  ludebant,  quatuor  globules 
diversorum  colorum  superjiciebant  ex  superiore  parte,  et 
qui  primus  globulorum  per  foramina  ex  ultimo  foramine 
egrediebatur,  hie  victoriam  dabat  ei,  qui  projecerat." 

^  This  extract  may  assist  in  the  solution  of  the 
difficulty,  although,  if  there  was  "  gravis  dispu- 
tatio  apud  Imperatorem,"  as  to  its  exact  meaning, 
we  can  hardly  now  look  for  a  precise  settlement. 
I  have  no  access  here  to  the  works  of  Balsamon, 
who  was  a  scholar  and  ecclesiastic  of  the  Greek 
church  in  the  twelfth  century,  ;md  wrote  Com- 
mentariiu  in  Photii  Nomocanonem,  4to,  Paris, 
1615.  Photius  wrote  his  Nomocanon  about  the 
year  858  A.D.  ;  it  was  published  at  Paris,  4to,  with 
a  Latin  version,  by  Justel,  1615.  The  latter  es- 


pecially of  these  works  might  furnish  us  with  an 
explanation.  We  know  that  in  the  Roman  chariot 
races  the  charioteers  were  divided  into  different 
factions  (greges  v.  factiones),  according  to  the 
colours  of  their  livery  (v.  Adams's  Rom.  Ant.) ; 
thus  we  have  the  white  faction  (/.  alba),  the  red 
(russata),  the  sky  or  sea-coloured  (veneta),  the 
green  (prasina) ;  and  afterwards  the  golden  and 
the  purple  (aurea  et  purpurea) ;  and  Adams  tells 
us,  on  the  authority  of  Procopius  (Bell  Pers.  i.), 
"  that  in  the  time  of  Justinian  no  less  than  30,000 
men  lost  their  lives  at  Constantinople  in  a  tumult, 
raised  by  contention  among  the  partisans  of  these 
several  colours."  The  constitution  prohibiting 
these  "  lignea  equestria,"  CHESSBOROUGH  will  re- 
member, was  Justinian's  own  :  but  can  he  trace 
any  connection  between  the  two  matters  ?  ^  In 
conclusion  I  may  add,  that  in  the  hope  of  satisfy- 
ing my  curiosity,  I  have  consulted  different  com- 
mentators on  the  Code,  but  find  that,  like  ^  those 
on  the  Digest,  they  deal  with  the  general  subject  of 
the  "  alea°"  without  specifying  or  inquiring  into 
the  character  of  the  prohibited  games. 

UUYTE. 

Cape  Town,  S.  A. 


ST.  PATRICK  AND  THE  SHAMROCK. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  187,  233,  293.) 

I  am  certainly  not  a  little  surprised  to  find 
CANON  DALTON  taking  up  this  subject  in  a  serious 
manner,  having  always  considered  it  as  a  weak 
invention  of  an  enemy.  Admitting,  as  we  must 
do,  that  St.  Patrick  was  a  Christian,  a  man  of 
common  sense,  and  ordinary  ability,  the  story 
falls  to  the  ground  at  once.  For,  surely,  it  must 
be  evident  to  the  meanest  capacity,  that  neither 
as  a  symbol,  argument,  nor  illustration,  can  any 
material  substance,  natural  or  artificial,  be  com- 
pared to  the  Divine  mystery  of  the  Trinity  in 
Unity. 

It  is  pleasant  to  turn  from  this  absurd,  if  not 
egregiously  irreverent,  story  of  St.  Patrick  and 
the  Shamrock,  to  the  charming  and  instructive 
legend  of  St.  Augustine,  on  the  same  holy  and 
incomprehensible  subject.  When  this  revered 
Father  was  writing  his  De  Trinitate,  he  one  day 
wandered  on  the  seashore,  absorbed  in  profound 
meditation.  Suddenly,  looking  up,  he  observed  a 
beautiful  boy,  who,  having  made  a  hole  in  the 
sand,  appeared  to  be  bringing  water  from  the  sea 
to  fill  it.  "  What  are  you  doing,  my  pretty 
child  ?  "  inquired  the  holy  man.  ""  I  am  going 
to  empty  the  ocean  into  that  hole  I  have  just 
made  in  the  sand,"  replied  the  boy.  "  Impos- 
sible !  "  exclaimed  the  saint.  "  No  more  impos- 
sible," replied  the  child,  "  than  for  thee,  O  Au- 
gustine, to  explain  the  mystery  on  which  thou 
art  now  meditating."  The  boy  "disappeared,  and 


3rd  S.  V.  JAN.  9,  '64.  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


41 


Augustine  then  understood  that  he  had  been 
vouchsafed  a  celestial  vision. 

The  earliest  notice  that  I  know  of  the  story  of 
St.  Patrick  and  the  Shamrock,  is  found  in  The 
Koran,  not  that  of  Mahomet,  by  the  way,  but  a 
work  attributed  to  the  indecent  scoffer  and  dis- 
grace to  his  cloth,  Laurence  Sterne,  and  runs  as 
follows  :  — 

"  Explaining  the  mystery  of  the  Redemption  once  to  a 
young  Templar,  I  happened  to  make  an  allusion,  adapted 
to  his  own  science,  of  the  levying  a  fine,  and  suffering  a 
recovery  ;  this  simile  was  repeated  afterwards  to  my  dis- 
advantage ;  and  I  was  deemed  an  infidel  thenceforward. 
And  why  ?  merely  because  1  am  a  merry  parson,  I  sup- 
pose—  for  St.  Patrick,  the  Irish  patron,  because  he  was 
a  grave  one,  was  canonized  for  illustrating  the  Trinity 
by  the  comparison  of  a  Shamrock."  * 

The  various  differences  of  opinion,  respecting 
what  plant  really  is  the  shamrock,  are  most  ludi- 
crous. A  Mr.  Bicheno,  a  Welshman,  I  believe, 
discovered  it  in  the  wood-sorrel,  Oxalis  acetosella; 
and  MR.  REDMOND,  who,  at  least,  has  an  Irish 
name,  follows  the  example  of  Moore,  and  calls  it 
"  a  grass."  But  it  must  be  recollected  that 
Moore  can  claim  poetical  licence  for  his  error, 
and  does  not  fall  into  Mr.  REDMOND'S  curious 
confusion  of  ideas,  by  speaking  of  a  "  trefoil 
grass."  f  That  "  all  flesh  is  grass "  we  know, 
but  MR.  REDMOND  will  find  a  difficulty  in  per- 
suading us  that  all  vegetable  is.  The  plant  known 
all  over  Ireland  as  the  shamrock  is,  most  un- 
doubtedly, the  white  clover,  trifolium  repens :  it  is 
not  "  peculiarly  indigenous  to  some  parts  of  Ire- 
land only,"  but  to  my  certain  knowledge  is  found 
in  England,  Scotland,  and  France.  Curiously 
enough,  in  the  last-mentioned  country,  it  bears  a 
a  kind  of  implied  sanctity,  its  common  French 
name  being  Alleluia ;  while  a  kindred  plant,  the 
large  clover,  cultivated  for  fodder^both  in  France 
and  England,  is  termed  Saintfoin — Foenum  sanc- 
tum. 

MR.  F.  R.  DAVIES  shrewdly  hits  the  mark, 
when  he  notices  the  white  clover  as  a  sacred 
plant  of  ancient  Pagan  times.  Almost  all  tri- 
foliated  plants  have  been  so.  Pliny,  in  his  Natural 
History,  tells  us  — 

"  Trifolium  scio  credi  pravalere  contra  serpentium 
ictus  et  scorpionum, — serpentesque  nunquam  in  trifolia 

*  From  The  Posthumous  Works  of  a  late  celebrated 
Genius,  Deceased.  This  rather  rare  book  is  reviewed  in 
the  Gentleman's  Magazine  for  1770.  My  copy  bears  the 
imprint,  Dublin,  MDCCLXX.  Some  bibliographers  have 
erroneously  attributed  this  work  to  Swift.  This  error 
can  only  be  accounted  for  by  the  well-known  fact,  that 
as  travellers  not  unfrequently  describe  places  they  have 
not  visited,  so  bibliographers  very  often  take  it  upon 
them  to  describe  books  they  have  never  seen.  [  The  Post- 
humous Works  of  a  late  Celebrated  Genius  Deceased,  a  kind 
o''  Shandiana,  including  also  The  Koran,  is  by  Mr.  Richard 
Griffith,  of  Millecent,  co.  Kildare.  Vide  Gent.  Mag.  vol. 
Ixvii.  pt.  ii.  p.  755,  and  "N.  &  Q."  1"  S.  i.  418.— ED."] 

t  Grass  produces  blades,  not  leaves. 


aspici.  Pra3terea,  celebratibus  auctovibus,  contra  omnia 
venena  pro  antidoto  sufficere." 

These  are  very  remarkable  passages,  to  the 
comparative  mythologist ;  taking  them  in  con- 
nection with  the  legends  of  St.  Patrick,  the 
snakes,  and  the  shamrock. 

About  fifty  years  ago,  Dr.  Drummond,  a  dis- 
tinguished Irish  botanist,  found  in  the  western 
part  of  the  county  of  Cork,  a  variety  of  clover 
with  a  brown  spot  in  the  centre  of  each  leaf, 
which  he  poetically  and  fancifully  named  "  the 
real  Irish  Shamrock;"  this  plant,  however,  is 
English,  as  well  as  Irish,  and  I  have  discovered 
it  growing,  plentifully,  beside  the  towing  path  on 
the  Surrey  side  of  the  Thames,  between  the  Cross 
Deep  at  Twickenham  and  Teddin^ton  Lock. 

As  I  have  just  observed,  many  tri- foliated  plants 
have  been  held  sacred  from  a  remote  antiquity. 
The  trefoil  was  eaten  by  the  horses  of  Jupiter  *  ; 
and  a  golden,  three-leaved,  immortal,  plant,  af- 
fording riches  and  protection,  is  noticed  in  Homer's 
Hymn,  in  Mercurium.  In  the  palaces  of  Nineveh, 
and  on  the  medals  of  Rome,  representations  of 
triple  branches,  triple  leaves,  and  triple  fruit, 
are  to  be  found.  On  the  temples  and  pyramids  of 
Gibeliel-Birkel,  considered  to  be  much  older  than 
those  of  Egypt,  there  are  representations  of  a 
tri-leaved  plant,  which  in  the  illustrations  of 
Hoskins's  Travels  in  Ethiopia  seems  to  be  nothing 
else  than  a  shamrock.  The  triad  is  still  a  favourite 
figure  in  national  and  heraldic  emblems.  Thus 
we  have,  besides  the  shamrock  of  Ireland,  the 
three  legs  of  Man,  the  broad  arrow  of  England, 
the  phaon  of  heraldry,  the  three  feathers  of  the 
Prince  of  Wales,  the  tri-color,  and  the  fleur-de- 
lis  of  France.  Key,  in  his  exceedingly  interesting 
work,  Histoire  du  Drapeau,  des  Couleurs,  et  des 
Insignes,de  la  Monarchic  Franqaise  (Paris,  1837), 
gives  engravings  of  no  less  than  311  different 
forms  of  fleur-de-lis,  found  on  ancient  Greek, 
Roman,  Egyptian,  Persian,  and  Mexican  vases, 
coins,  medals,  and  monuments.  Including  also 
forms  of  the  fleur-de-lis  used  in  mediaeval  and 
modern  Greece,  England,  Germany,  Spain,  Por- 
tugal, Georgia,  Arabia,  China,  and  Japan.  It 
also  appears  on  the  mariners'  compass,  and  the 
pack  of  playing-cards  ;  two  things  which,  however 
essentially  different,  are  still  the  two  things  that 
civilisation  has  most  widely  extended  over  the 
habitable  globe.  WILLIAM  PINKERTON. 

Hounslow. 

For  a  good  summary  of  the  evidence  in  favour 
of  the  Wood  Sorrel,  see  an  article  by  Mr.  James 
Hardy  in  the  Border  Magazine,  i.  148.  (Edin- 


burgh, Sept.  1863.) 


JOB.  J.  B.  WORKARD. 


Callimachus,  Hymn,  in  Dianam. 


42 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3**  S.  V.  JAN.  9,  '64. 


HARVEY  OF  WANGEY  HOUSE. 

(3rd  S.  iv.  529.) 

In  answer  to  the  appeal  of  your  correspondent, 
C.  P.  L.,  I  beg  to  inform  him  that  Wangey  House 
stands  on  the  south  side  of  Chadwell  Heath,  about 
two  miles  from  the  town  of  Romford,  but  in  the 
parishes  of  Barking  and  Dagenham.  The  present 
house  was  erected  in  the  second  quarter  of  the 
last  century ;  but  I  have  a  rudely  drawn  sketch 
of  the  old  Harvey  mansion,  from  the  large  map 
of  Barking  Manor,  A.D.  1653.  The  Manor  of 
Wangey  has  for  some  centuries  been  held  distinct 
from  the  manor  house  and  lands.  The  Harveys 
lived  at  Wangey  House  from  early  in  the  reign  of 
Queen  Elizabeth,  —  when  Alderman,  afterwards 
Sir  James,  Harvey,  purchased  the  estate  from  Cle- 
ment Sysley  of  Eastbury  House — until  far  on  in 
the  reign  of  King  Charles  II.  Of  this  there  is 
good  evidence.  See  Visitation  of  Essex,  1634,  in 
the  College  of  Arms ;  Funeral  Certificates,  Col- 
lege of  Arms ;  Dagenham  Parish  Registers ; 
Harvey  Wills  at  Doctors'  Commons;  Barking 
Manor  Court  Rolls,  &c.  From  these  and  other 
sources,  I  have  collected  much  relating  to  the 
Harveys —  as  a  considerable  Essex  family.  Sir 
James  Harvey,  who  died  in  1583,  was  father 
of  Sir  Sebastian  Harvey,  who  settled  at  Mardyke, 
an  old  house  still  standing  near  Dagenham  — 
James,  who  succeeded  his  father  at  Wangey  — 
and  William,  who  died,  s.  p.  in  1610.  Sir  Se- 
bastian Harvey  died  intestate  in  1620,  leaving 
one  daughter,  Mary,  afterwards  the  wife  of  John 
Popham.  James  Harvey  had  a  very  large  family, 
and  died  in  1627.  His  stately  monument,  with 
its  quaint  inscription,  still  remains  in  the  rector's 
chancel  at  Dagenham  church.  Samuel,  his  second 
son,  who  lived  at  Aldborough  Hatch,  in  Barking 
parish,  married  Constance,  daughter  of  Dr.  Donne, 
and  widow  of  the  celebrated  Edward  Alleyn.  At 
his  house,  of  which  I  have  also  a  tracing  from  the 
map  of  1653,  Donne  was  taken  with  his  last  ill- 
ness. Samuel  Harvey's  children  eventually  in- 
herited the  property  of  the  family. 

Numerous  entries  of  the  Harvey  family  are 
scattered  through  the  Registers  of  Dagenham, 
Barking,  Romford,  and  Hornchurch.  There  must 
be  many  entries  also  in  the  Registers  of  St. 
Dionis'  Backchurch,  Fenchurch  Street,  as  the 
town  house  of  the  Harveys  stood  in  Lime  Street ; 
and  the  earlier  generations  were  buried  in  St. 
Dionis'  church.  I  found  about  forty  entries  at 
Dagenham.  The  last,  January  21,  1677-8,  re- 
cords the  burial  of  James  Harvey,  gent.  He 
had,  not  many  years  before,  sold  the  Wangey 
estate  to  Thomas  Waldegrave. 

These  brief  notes  may  be  acceptable  to  C.  P.  L., 
as  no  account  of  the  Harvey  family  is  to  be  found 
in  Morant's  or  any  other  History  of  Essex*  They 

*  These  Harveys  must  not  be  confounded  with  the  Har- 
veys of  Chigwell,  co.  Essex;  nor  with  the  Herveys  of 


are  not,  however,  offered  as  a  satisfactory  account 
of  the  family,  and  I  shall  be  happy  to  give  him 
further  information.  EDWARD  J.  SAGE. 

Stoke  Newington. 


VIRGIL'S  TESTIMONY  TO  OUR  SAVIOUR'S  ADVENT 
(3rd  S.  iv.  490.)  —  The  exact  words  of  the  line 
quoted  by  your  correspondent  are  not,  I  believe, 
to  be  found  in  Virgil.  The  line  intended  by  the 
author  of  the  Christian  Mystery  is  doubtless  the 
seventh  in  the  well-known  fourth  eclogue,  or  Pol- 
lio,  of  Virgil. 

"  Jam  nova  progenies  coelo  demittitur  alto." 

In  the  "  Argument "  prefixed  to  this  eclogue  in 
Forbiger's  Virgil,  Lipsia3,  1852,  vol.  i.  p.  62,  the 
writer  observes  — 

"  Vaticinationem  Sibyllas  de  Christi  natalibus  expres- 
sam  esse,  quam  Virgilius  ingeniose  ad  natales  nobilis 
pueri  transtulerit  jam  Lactantins,  Inst.  vii.  24,  statuit, 
et  Constantinus  M.  in  Orat.  ad  Sanctorum  Ccetum,  Eusebii 

libris  de demonstrare  voluit.    Cujus 

auctoritatem  quum  olim  plerumque  Christiani  homines 
(cf.  Wernsdorf,  Poet.  Lot.  Min.  t.  iv.  p.  767,  sq.")  turn  re- 
centioribus  temporibus  viri  docti  secuti  sunt  plerique." 
And  again  — 

"Succurrebat  jam  vaticinium  illud  vulgatum  de  rege 
sive  heroe  venturo  vel  nascituro  (cf.  Suet.  Aug.  94),  quod 
sub  Nerone  iterum  increbruit."  (Suet.  Vesp.  4.) 

With  this  of  Virgil's,  we  may  compare  the  first 
eclogue  of  Calpurnius. 

W.  BOWEN  ROWLANDS. 

In  the  mediaeval  dramatic  colloquy  concerning 
our  Saviour's  birth,  contributed  by  MR.  WORKARD, 
he  says  that  Virgil  gives  his  evidence  thus  :  — • 

"  Ecce  polo  demissa  solo  nova  progenies  est," 
but  that  he  cannot  anywhere  find  the  words.  The 
idea,  if  not  the  actual  words,  I  thought,  sounded 
familiar  to  my  ears  on  reading  it,  and  on  referring 
to  the  fourth  Eclogue,  I  found  the  sentiment  thus 
expressed :  — 

"  Jam  nova  progenies  coelo  demittitur  alto." 
This  is  so  very  like  what  is  put  into  Virgil's 
mouth,  that  we  may  surely  conceive  the  other  to 
be  merely  an  error  of  copyists,  or  a  line  written 
down  from  memory.  Might  not  the  Mantuan 
possibly,  when  summoned  after  so  long  rest,  have 
somewhat  adapted  his  metre,  to  that  of  the  rest  of 
the  dialogue,  and  spoken  thus  ?  — 

"  See,  sent  down  from  highest  heaven, 
Wondrous  child  to  man  now  given." 

Jos.  HARGROVE. 

Clare  College,  Cambridge. 

RICHARD  ADAMS  (2nd  S.  x.  70 ;  3rd  S.  iv.  527.) 
Some  light  may  be  thrown  upon  his  identity  from 
the  facts,  that  the  one  of  this  name,  who  was  the 
second  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Adams,  Alderman  of 

Marks,  an  important  manor  house,  which  stood  within  a 
mile  of  Wangey.  They  were  in  no  way  connected  with 
these  families. 


3rd  S.  V.  JAN.  9,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


43 


London,*  &c.,  was  born  on  January  6,  1619-20 
and  died  without  issue  on  June  13,  1661.  He 
was  buried  in  Lancaster  Church,  where  there  is 
or  was,  a  monumental  inscription.  He  would  have 
been  only  seventeen  years  of  age  in  1637 ;  rather 
young  to  be  the  author  of  the  verses  in  the  Cam- 
bridge collection.  If,  also,  he  were  admitted  a 
Fellow  Commoner  of  Catharine  Hall  in  April, 
1635,  he  would  have  but  barely  passed  his  fifteenth 
year.  The  MESSRS.  COOPER  can  judge  of  the  pro- 
babilities better  than  I  can.  J.  L.  C. 

THOMAS  Coo  (2nd  S.  vi.  344,  375,  376.)  — This 
person,  who  represents  himself  as  starving  in  New- 
gate in  November,  1633  (Bruce's  Calendar  Dom. 
State  Papers,  Car.  I.  vi.  310),  was  of  Peterhouse, 
B.A.  1586-7  ;  M.A.  1590. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

GEORGE  BANKES  (2nd  S.  ix.  67.)  —  We  make 
no  doubt  that  the  president  of  some  college,  whose 
Common-Place  Book  constitutes  MS.  Harl.  4050, 
was  George  Bankes,  Fellow  of  Peterhouse,  Cam- 
bridge, B.A.  1597-8;  M.A.  1601;  Taxor,  1615; 
Vicar  of  Cherryhinton,  Cambridgeshire,  1629-38. 
We  have  transcripts  of  many  college  orders  signed 
by  him.  In  1633  and  1635  he  adds  president  to 
his  name. 

For  the  information  of  such  of  your  readers  as 
may  not  be  conversant  with  the  usages  of  this 
University,  we  may  explain  that  in  that  College, 
President  is  synonymous  with  Vice-Master.  The 
term  certainly  occasions  confusion,  as  in  one  in- 
stance here,  and  in  several  at  Oxford,  it  denotes 
the  head  of  the  college. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 
Cambridge. 

QUOTATION  (3rd  S/iv.  499.)  —In  reply  to  your 
correspondent  M.  S.,  the  lines  he  alludes  to  must, 
I  imagine,  be  these :  — 

"  Tender- handed  stroke  a  nettle, 

And  it  stings  you  for  your  pains ; 
Grasp  it  like  a  man  of  mettle, 
And  it  soft  as  silk  remains. 
"  Thus  it  is  with  vulgar  natures,  • 

Use  them  kindly  they  rebel ; 
But  be  rough  as  nutmeg-graters, 
And  the  rogues  obey  you  well." 
The  author  was  Aaron  Hill,  and  they  will  be 
found  at  p.  822  of  the  Elegant  Extracts.         W. 
SIR  NICHOLAS  THROGMORTON  (3rd  S.  iv.  454.) 
I  find  in  Nichols's  Progresses  of  Queen  Elizabeth, 
vol.  i.  p.  215,  mention  made  of  a  Sir  Nicholas 
Throcmorton,    Knight,    as   having    received   the 
degree  of  Master  of  Arts  at  a  convocation  held  at 
Oxford,  Sept.  6,  1566.     A  note  at  the  foot  of  the 
page  referring  to  the  convocation  gives  its  place 
in  the  Calendar,  viz.,  Fasti  Oxon.  vol.  i.  col.  100. 
Perhaps  this  may  be  of  some  assistance  to  the  re- 
searches of  MR.  THEOBALD  SMID.     Various  other 
members,  I  should  suppose  of  the  same  family, 


with  variously  spelled  names,  may  be  found  in 
the  same  book  at  the  following  pages :  — vol.  i. 
pp.  192,  197  note,  534;  vol.  ii.  pp.  73,  86. 

K.  K.  C. 

PEN-TOOTH  (3rd  S.  iv.  491.)  —  I  am  inclined  to 
think  that  the  Huntingdonshire  labourer  meant 
pin,  though  he  said  pen-tooth  :  for  the  e  and  i  are 
very  much  confounded  in  the  eastern  counties, 
and  very  likely  so  in  the  bordering  county  of 
Huntingdon.  In  Norfolk,  a  person  will  speak  of 
a  pin  when  he  means  a  pen  for  sheep,  or  cattle ; 
and  a  pen-tooth  was  probably  a  />m-tooth  (a  ca- 
nine tooth),  which  is  more  sharp-pointed  than  our 
other  teeth.  Thus  the  uvula,  in  Norfolk,  is  called 
the  pin  of  the  throat ;  and  Shakspeare  speaks  of 
the  pfh,  or  point  of  the  heart  F.  C.  H. 

MARGARET  Fox  (3rd  S.  iv.  137.)  — The  follow- 
ing are  the  arms  of  her  first  husband,  of  the  name 
of  Fell,  of  St.  Martin's-in-the-Fields,  Middlesex, 
granted  Jan.  9,  1772  :  Ar.  three  lozenges  in  fesse 
vert,  between  as  many  damask  roses  ppr.  seeded 
or  barbed  of  the  second.  Crest,  out  of  a  mural 
coronet,  gu.  a  dexter  arm  embowed  in  armour, 
ppr.  garnished  or,  holding  in  the  hand  ppr.  a  tilt- 
ing spear  of  the  last.  DURHAM. 

FRITH  (3rd  S.  iv.  478),  in  the  Weald  of  Kent* 
where  also  it  signifies  a  wood,  is  pronounced 
"  fright."  This  is  another  of  the  singularities  of 
pronunciation  peculiar  to  that  county,  derived, 
probably,  from  their  ancestors,  the  Jutes.  Thus, 
a  ditch,  or  dyke,  is  called  a  "  dick."  It  seems  not 
unlikely  that  such  variations  may  throw  light  on 
the  original  languages,  or  dialects,  of  the  Angles, 
Jutes,  and  Saxons.  The  word  "  burh,'*  variously 
pronounced  "  borough,"  "  burgh,"  and  "  bury,"  is 
an  instance  which  has  already  been  given.  Can 
your  readers  furnish  more.  They  might  be  of  great 
service  to  the  philologer.  A.  A. 

TEDDED  GRASS  (3rd  S.  iv.  430,  524.)— Our  best 
thanks  are  due  to  your  correspondents;  for,  in  all 
archaeological  investigations  the  most  valuable  in- 
formation we  can  have,  next  to  the  proof  of  what 
a  thing  really  is,  is  the  being  assured  of  what  it  is 
not.  It  seems  pretty  clear  that  tedded  grass  is 
that  first  shaken  out  of  the  swath.  Now  what  are 
tods  of  grass  ;  surely  the  weight  of  less  than  half  a 
truss  of  hay  would  have  been  in  those  times  a  very 
inconsiderable  remuneration.  Are  the  tods  the 
hay-cocks  ?  I  should  explain  my  reason  for  this 
query  is,  that  an  answer  may  throw  some  light  on 
that  very  important  subject,  the  wages  of  workmen 
in  the  middle  ages.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

PEW  RENTS  (3rd  S.  iv.  373,  443.)  — Your  cor- 
respondents are  really  in  error  when  they  suppose 
that  before  the  Reformation  there  were  no  pews 
nor  pew  rents.  This  is  one  of  the  very  things  ob- 
ected  against  the  Romanist  party  by  Bishop  Bale 


44 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  V.  JAN.  9,  '64. 


in  his  Image  of  bothe  Churches,  printed  by  Richard 
Jugge,  London,  no  date  (circa,  1550),  B  b  viii. 
recto.  Among  other  things  he  enumerates,  — 

"  All  shrynes,  images,  church-stoles,  and  pewes  that  are 
well  payed  for,  all  banner  staves,  Pater-noster  scores,  and 
peces  of  the  holy  crosse." 

I  say  nothing  of  the  spirit  or  taste  which  per- 
vades the  work,  but  it  is  impossible  that  such 
things  as  pews  and  pew  rents  could  have  entered 
into  the  bishop's  head  if  they  never  existed.  The 
first  edition  is  placed  by  Watt  1550,  only  two 
years  after  Grafton  printed  the  first  Primer,  and 
long  before  the  Reformation  had  time  to  influ- 
ence the  "  manners  and  customs  "  of  the  people. 

A.  A. 

LONGEVITY  or  CLERGYMEN  (3rd  S.  v.  22.  j^-The 
Rev.  Peter  Young,  minister  of  Wigton,  was  ap- 
pointed to  that  charge  in  1799,  and  is  now  the 
only  minister  in  the  Church  of  Scotland  who 
dates  from  the  last  century.  G. 

MAY:  TRI-MILCHI  (3rd  S.  iv.  516.)—  As  an 
illustration  of  the  milk-producing  qualities  of  the 
month  of  May,  I  may  mention  that  when  my 
housekeeper  expressed  surprise  to  the  fish  boy, 
who  brought  her  shrimps  one  May  morning,  that 
they  were  so  early,  he  answered:  "  Oh,  yes,  ma'am, 
shrimps  always  come  in  in  May  with  the  fresh 
butter."  KENT. 

PHOLEYS  (3rd  S.  v.  12.)  —These  people  are 
clearly  the  Fulas,  otherwise  called  Fulani,  or  Fel- 
latahs.  The  description  of  their  character  by 
Edward  Cave,  in  1733,  is  singularly  in  accordance 
with  what  modern  travellers  have  stated  of  them. 
The  works  of  Clapperton  and  Dr.  Earth  should  be 
consulted  by  E.  H.  A.,  if  he  is  curious  to  learn 
more.  j\  G. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

The  Life  and  Correspondence  of  George  Calixtus,  Lutheran 
Abbot  of  Konigshutter,  and  Professor  Primarins  in  the 
University  of  Helmstadt.  By  the  Rev.  W.  C.  Dowding, 
M.A.  (J.  H.  &.  Jas.  Parker.) 

We  heartily  thank  Mr.  Dowding  for  introducing  us  to 

asnpe  a  scholar,  as  good  a  Christian,  and  as  kind-hearted 

a  man  as  ever  breathed.    And  we  hope  our  readers  will 

B  no  time  in  making  acquaintance  with  so  pleasing  a 

biography.    Here  they  may  read  of  College  life  at  Helm- 

stadt, out-heroding  the  worst  bullying  of   our    public 

schools  —  of  conversions  to  Rome  among  his  old  fellow- 

collegians,  which  were  grief  of  heart  to  our  Protestant 

essor—  of  the  thirty  years'  war  scattering  his  600 

academics  to  the  winds  —  of  the  abortive  conference  at 

morn  —  of  his  yearnings  and  strivings  to  heal  over  the 

wounds  of  disunited  Christendom.      It  is   a   touching 

story  ;  troubles  abroad,  but  peace  always  at  the  heart' 

It  is  a  biography  which  will  always  be  profitable  to  the 

thoughtful  reader.    Just  now  it  possesses  an  additional 

•est,  as  taking  us  into  the  debatable  ground  of  Hol- 

•tem  and  Sleswig,  which  Mr.  Dowding  puts  well  before 

ie  eyes  of  his  readers.    Calixtus  was  a  Sleswiger 


Narratives  of  the  Expulsion  of  the  English  from  Normandy, 
BICCCCXLJX — MCCCCL.  Robertus  Blondellus  de  Reduc- 
tione  Normannice ;  Le  Recouvrement  de  Normendie  par 
Bxrry,  Herault  du  Roy ;  Conferences  between  the  Am- 
bassadors of  France  and  England.  Edited  by  the  Rev. 
Joseph  Stevenson.  (Published  under  the  Direction  of 
the  Master  of  the  Rolls.)  (Longman.) 

The  learned  editor  of  the  present  volume  remarks,  with 
great  truth,  that  there  could  be  no  more  appropriate  ac- 
companiment to  the  volumes  which  treat  of  The  Wars  of 
the  English  in  France— which  have  already  appeared  in. 
the  present  Scries  of  Chronicles — than  the  tracts  here 
printed  from  MSS.  in  the  Imperial  Library  at  Paris; 
which  enable  us  to  trace,  day  by  day,  and  step  by  step, 
the  causes  which  led  to  the  expulsion  of  the  English  from 
Normandy.  Blondel's  narrative  records  with  consider- 
able minuteness  the  events  which  occurred  from  the 
capture  of  Fougeres,  when  the  truce  between  England 
and  France  was  broken,  to  the  final  expulsion  of  the 
English  after  the  loss  of  Cherbourg — and  is  the  most  im- 
portant record  which  we  have  of  this  interesting  period. 
The  work  of  Jacques  le  Bouvier,  surnamed  Berrv,  the 
first  King  of  Arms  of  Charles  VII.,  closely  follows  that  of 
Blondel  in  its  arrangement  and  details;  but  contains 
some  particulars  not  recorded  by  him.  The  negociations 
between  the  Ambassadors  of  France  and  England,  which 
extended  from  the  20th  June  to  4th  July,  1449,  give 
completeness  to  the  work,  on  which  the  editor  has  be- 
stowed his  wonted  diligence  and  learning. 

A  Spring  and  Summer  in  Lapland;  with  Notes  on  the 
Fauna  of  Lulea  Lapmark.  By  an  Old  Bushman. 
(Groombridge.) 

Originally  published  in  The  Field,  where  they  were 
favourably  received,  these  Notes  on  Lapland  and  its 
Fauna  will  be  very  acceptable  to  lovers  of  natural  his- 
tory, and  particularly  so  to  students  of  ornithology. 

The  Brown  Book :  a  Book  of  Ready  Reference  to  the 
Hotels,  Lodging  and  Boarding  Houses,  Breakfast  and 
Dining  Rooms,  Libraries  (Public  and  Circulating^), 
Amusements,  Hospitals,  ScJiools  and  Charitable  Institu- 
tions, in  London ;  with  full  Information  as  to  Situation, 
Specialty,  fyc. ;  and  a  handy  List,  showing  the  nearest 
Post  Office,  Money  Order  Office,  Cabstand,  Police  Sta- 
tion, Fire-Engine,  Fire-Escape,  Hospitals,  §-c.,  to  One 
Thousand  of  the  Principal  Streets  of  the  Metropolis. 
(Saunders  &  Otley.) 

A  book  containing  the  information  detailed  in  this 
ample  title-page  cannot  but  be  very  useful,  if  the  in- 
formation be  correct ;  and  we  are  bound  to  state  that,  as 
tar  as'we  have  been  able  to  test  it,  The  Brown  Book  is  as 
correct,  and  consequently  as  useful,  as  any  of  its  Red  or 
Blue  contemporaries. 

The  Common  Prayer  in  Latin.     A  Letter  addressed  to  the 

Rev.   Sir  W.   Cope,  Bart.     By  William   John   Blew. 

With  a  Postscnpt  on   the   Common   Prayer  in    Greek. 

(C.  J.  Stewart.) 

A  learned  and  temperate  pamphlet  on  a  subject  deserv- 
ing the  serious  attention  of  all  Churchmen. 

Morning,  Evening,  and  Midnight  Hymns,  by  Thomas  Ken, 
D.D.  With  an  Introductory  Letter  by  Sir  Roundell 
Palmer;  and  a  Biographical  Sketch  by  a  Layman. 
(Sedgwick.) 

This  edition  of  Ken's  Hymns,  with  Sir  Roundell  Pal- 
mer s  introductory  examination  into  the  authenticity  of 
the  text  of  them,  and  the  biographical  sketch  of  the  good 
Bishop's  Life,  form  one  of  the  most  interesting  parts  of 
Mr.  Sedgwick  Library  of  Spiritual  Songs. 


3'<»  S.  V.  JAN.  9,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


45 


THE  SHAKSPEARE  CELEBRATION.— Whatever  may  be 
the  result  of  the  present  movement  for  a  Tercentenary 
Celebration  of  Shakspeare's  Birth— whatever  form  the 
Memorial,  which  is  to  spring  out  of  it,  may  assume— 
the  most  remarkable  tribute  to  the  memory  of  the  great 
poet  is  the  simple  List  of  the  Members  of  the  Committee. 
Here  we  see  at  a  glance  the  representative  men  of  all 
classes — social,  literary,  professional,  artistic,  and  scien- 
tific  throwing  aside  all  distinctions  of  creed,  politics,  or 

rank,  to  do  homage  to  the  memory  of  the  one  whom  they 
all  agree  to  honour.  This  is  a  fitting  tribute  to  him  whose 
large-hearted  Catholicity  found  "  good  in  everything." 

One  word  as  to  the  fittest  form  for  a  Shakspeare  Me- 
morial. Looking  to  what  Shakspeare  has  done  for  Eng- 
lish literature — how  he  has  enriched  and  moulded  it,  and 
made  it  known  throughout  the  world  — A  FREE  PUBLIC 
LIBRARY  OF  ENGLISH  LITERATURE  would,  in  our  opinion, 
be  a  worthy  memorial  of  him  who  tells  us  — 

"  A  beggar's  book  outwortli's  a  noble's  blood." 

Few  would  refuse  to  contribute,  both  in  money  and  books, 
to  such  a  second  National  Library,  the  keepership  of 
which  would  be  a  post  of  honour  for  a  man  of  letters — 
a  library  of  which  the  shelves  should  be  in  the  first  place 
fitted  with  all  the  various  editions  of  the  poet's  works, 
and  all  the  writings  of  his  commentators,  and  which 
would  justify  its  founders  in  inscribing  on  its  wall — 

"  SI  MONUMENTUM   QUJERIS,   CIRCUMSPICK." 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PDECHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Book*  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required, und  whose  names  auti  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose :  — 

QUFEN   ELIZABETH'S  BOOK   OF   PRAYERS.  '  Either   edition  or  parts  of 

them. 
S.  AUGUSTINE'S  PRAYKRS.    London:  Wolff. 

ROMANCM.    Folio.    Venetiis:  J.  Variscus. 

Wanted  by  Rev.  J.  C.  Jackson,  5,  Chatham  Place  East, 
Hackuey,  N.E. 


LASTKOZZF,  by  P.  B.  Shelley, 

Wanted  by  J/r.  John  Wilson,  93,  Great  Russell  Street,  W.C. 


THE  TORCH:  Journal  of  English  and  Foreign  Literature.    4to,  1838—9. 
THE  PARTHENON:  Journal  of  English  uud  Foreign  Literature,    ito, 
1K58— 40. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  Camdcn  L'otten,  Piccadilly. 


to  Carrr  spauttrnts. 


THE  INDEX  to  our  last  i:olume  will  be  issued  with  "  N.  &  Q."  on  Satur- 
day next. 

Among  other  articles  of  interest  which  will  appear  in  our  next  Number 
we  may  mention  — 

MR.  FROCDB  IN  ULSTER. 
FANTOCCINI,  bf/  Mr.  Husk. 
THE  GRAND  IMPOSTOR. 

8.  SINOLHTON  will  find  many  earlier  versions  of  "God  tempers  the 
wind"  #c.  in  tJie  1st  vol.  of\st  Series  of  "N.  &  Q." 

A.  W.  D.  The  custom  on  All  Souls'  Day  in  Shropshire  is  noticed  in 
our  1st  S.  iv.  381,506 

G.  (Edinburgh.)  On  cowultinfj  seven  articles  in  our  1st  S.  (see  Gen* 
Index,  p.  40)  our  correspondent  will  jind  several  conjectures  why  the 
Kim:  cf  Diamonds  is  rnllul  the  Curse  of  Scotland.  The.  explanation  sup- 
plied by  the  game  of  Pope  Joan  (.Hi.  'a),  is  probably  the  correct  one. 

Jos.  HARGROVE.  Some  particulars  of  the  Eev.  Wm.  Gurnall,  may  be 
found  in  our  1st  S.  x.  404. 

J.  C.  LINDSAY.  For  notices  of  the  Mappa  Mundi  consult  our  2nd  S.  iv* 
434,478. 

OXOMKNSIS.  The  custom  ofplacinff  salt  on  the  breast  of  a  corpse  Jias 
been  discussed  in  our  1st  S.  iv.  6,  43,  162;  x.  395. 

"NOTKS  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publisher  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  INDEX)  is  Us.  4d.,  which  may  be  paid  b>/  Post  Office  Order, 
payable  at  the  Strand  Post  Office,  in  favour  of  WILLIAM  G.  SMITH,  32, 
WELI.I.VGTON  STREET,  STRAND,  W.C.,  to  whom  all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR 
THK  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 

"NOTES  &  QUERIES  "  is  registered  for  transmission  abroad. 


Horniman's  Tea  iscAotceand  strong,  moderate  in  price,  and  whole- 
some to  use.  These  advantages  have  secured  for  this  Tea  a  general 
preference.  It  is  sold  in  packets  by  2,280  Agents. 


GAME-BOOKS.  Stable-books,  Cellar  books,  Letter  Delivery  Books, 
Parcels  Deliver}-  Books,  all  2s.  Gd.  each,  cloth :  Rental  Books,  3a.  bd. 
each  ;  Library  Catalogues  various  prices;  Analytical  Indices  ;  Extrect 
Books  and  Reading  Easels.  Also  Portable  Copying  Machines,  ensuring 
perfect  copies,  2I.s.,  with  materials—Catalogues  gratis  at  all  Booksellers, 
and  LETTS,  8,  Royal  Exchange. 


CAPTAIN      SPEKE'S      JOURNAL. 


This  day  is  published, 

JOURNAL 


THE  DISCOVERY  OF  THE  SOURCE  OF   THE  NILE. 

By    JOHN   BANNING    SPEKE, 

Captain  H.M.  Indian  Army. 

In  One  large  Volume  Octavo,  price  21s.  With  a  Map  of  Eastern  Equatorial  Africa  by  CAPTAIN  SPKKE; 
Numerous  Illustrations  chiefly  from  Drawings  by  CAPTAIN  GRANT;  and  Portraits  Engraved  on  Steel  of 
CAPTAINS  SPEKE  and  GRANT. 

WILLIAM  BLACKWOOD  &  SONS,  Edinburgh  and  London. 
(CAMPBELL'S  OLD  GLENLIVAT  WHISKY.— 

\J    At  this  season  of  the  yenr.  J.  Campbell  begs  to  direct  attention  to 

this  fine  eld  MALT  WHISKY,  of  which  he  has  held  a  large  stock  for 

30  years,  price  20*.  per  gallon;  Sir  John  Power's  old  Irish  Whisky,  18».; 

Hennessey's  very  old  Pale  Brandy,  32s.  per  gallon  (J.  C.'s  extensive 

business  in  French  Wines  cives  him  a  thorough  knowledge  of  the 

Brandy  market):  E.  Clicquot's  Champagne,  t>6s.  per  dozen:   Sherry, 

ale,  Golden,  or  Brown,  30s.,  36-i.,  and  42s.;  Port  from  the  wood,  30*. 

id  36».,  crusted.  42s.,  48s.  and  54s.    Note.  _  J.  Campbell  confidently 

recommends  liisVin  de  Bordeaux,  at  20.«.  per  dozen,  which  fe-reatly  im- 

es  by  keeping  in  bottle  two  or  three  years.    Remittances  or  town 

reierencvs  bliould  be  addressed  JAM  is  CAMPBELL,  158,  Regent  Street. 


POOKBINDING  — in    the  MONASTIC,   GROLIER, 

1)    MAIOLI  and  ILLUMINATED  styles -in  the  most  superior 
manner,  by  English  and  Foreign  Workmen. 

JOSEPH  ZAEIINSDORF, 
BOOKBINDER  TO  THE  KING  OF  HANOVER, 

English  and  Foreign  Bookbinder, 
30,  BRYDGES  STREET,  COVENT  GARDEN,  W.C. 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


S.  V.  JAN.  9,  '64. 


DEDICATED    BY  SPECIAL  PERMISSION    TO   H.R.H.  THE 

PRINCE  OF  WALES. 
THE    ART-JOURNAI, 

(Price  2s.  6d.  Monthly). 

THE    JANUARY  NUMBER  (now  ready)   com- 
mences a  New  Volume,  and  contains  the  following  interesting 
articles,  the  most  important  of  which  will  be  continued  throughout  the 

^"on  the  Preservation  of  Pictures  painted  in  Oil  Colours.    By  J.  B. 

The  National  Gallery. 

The  Proto-Madonna.    Attributed  to  St.  Luke.    Illustrated. 

Almanac  of  the  Month.     From  Designs  by  W.  Harvey. 

Art^Work  in  January.    By  the  Rev.  J.  G.  Wood,  M.A.,  &c.  &c. 

The  Church  at  Epheaus.    By  the  Rev.  J.  M.  Bellew. 

British  Artists:  their  Style  and  Character.  By  J.  Dafforne.  Illus- 
trated 

The  Houses  of  Parliament. 

Progress  of  Art- Manufacture :  —Art  in  Iron.    Illustrated. 

Portrait  Painting  in  England.    By  Peter  Cunningham,  F.  S.A. 

Hymns  in  Prose.    Illustrated. 

Lays  of  the  Scottish  Cavaliers.  Illustrated. 

History  of  Caricature  and  of  Grotesque  in  Art.  By  T.  Wright, 
M.A.,  F.S.A.  Illustrated. 

New  Hall  China.  A  History  of  the  New  Hall  Porcelain  Works  at 
Shelton.  By  Llewellynn  Jewitt,  F.S.A.  Illustrated.. 

The  Department  of  Science  and  Art. 

William  Blake  the  Artist. 

New  Method  of  Engraving  and  Multiplying  Prints,  &C.1 

Early  Sun-Pictures.          &c.  &c.  &c. 

Also  three  Line  Engravings,  viz.:— 
"  Alice  Lisle."    By  F.  Heath.  From  the  Picture  by  E.  M.  Ward, 

R  A 
"  Venice';  from  the  Canal  of  the  Giudecca."     By  E.  IBrandard. 

From  the  Picture  by  J.  M.  W.  Turner,  R.  A. 
"  A  Vision."   By  K.  A.  Artlett.   From  the  Bas-relief  by  J.  Ed- 
wards. 

Engravings  will  be  given  during  the  year  1864  from  Pictures  by  E.M. 
Ward.  R.A.,  W.  P.  Frith,  R. A.,  T.  Faed,  A.R.A.,  H.  O'Neil,  A.R.A., 
J.  Philip,  R.A..  NoelPaton,  R.S.A.,  J.  R.  Herbert,  R.A.,  A.  Elmore, 
B.A.,  D.  Maclise,R.A.,P.  F.  Poole,  R.A.,  John  Linnell,  F.  Goodall, 
A.R. A.,  C.  R.  Leslie,  R.A.,  J.  C.  Hook,R.A.,&c.  &c. 

Of  works  in  Sculpture,  the  "  Reading  Girl "  (Magni),  the  "  Finding  of 
Moses"  (Spence),- Ariel"  (Lough),  "Monument  to  Nicholson"  (Foley), 
"  Religion"  (Edwards),  "  Prince  Leopold  and  Prince  Arthur  "  (Mrs. 
Thornycroft),  Ac.  *c. 

Selections  from  the  Turner  bequest  to  the  nation  will  also  be  con- 
tinned. 

Examples  of  the  works  of  Newton,  Mulready,  Penry  Williams, 
Muller,  E.  Crowe,  Mrs.  E.  M.  Ward,  Miss  Osborne,  W.  J.  Grant,  and 
others,  will  be  given  during  the  year. 

London:  JAMES  S.  VIRTUE,  26,  Ivy  Lane. 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,  &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:  — 

Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24s. 
per  dozen. 

White  Bordeaux 24s.  and  30s.  per  doz. 

Good  Hock 30s.    „     36s. 

Ekling  Epernay  Champagne 36s.,  42s.  „  48s. 
i  Dinner  Sherry 24s.  „  BOs. 
24s.,  30s.  „  36s.  |, 

They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120s.  per  doz. 

Vintage  1834 108s. 

Vintage  1840 ',',     84s. 

Vintage  1847 „     72s. 

all  of  Sandeman'a  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry, 36s., 42s. 
48s. ;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s.,  42s.,  48s., 60s.,  72s..  84s.;  Hwdihei- 
mer,  Marcobrunner,  Rudesheimer,  Steinberg,  Leibfraumilch  60s  • 
Johannwberger  and  8teinberger,72s.,  84s.,  to  120*.;  Braunberger  Grun- 
haiwen,  and  Scharzberg,  48«.  to  84s.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48s  60s  fife 
78».:  very  choice  Champagne,  66s.  78s. ;  nne  old ^SackrMalmsey  Fron- 
ti«nac,  Vermuth,  Conrtantia,  Lachrymte  Christi,  Imperial  Tokav  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s  and  72s  ner  do?  • 
yerv  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805(  which  gained  the  first 
S'A*1 "£.<J&***£iti™* »»5).  "<*•  K?r  doz.  FoS 


HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :  155,  REGENT  STREET  W 
Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 

(Originally  established  A.n.1667.) 


AU-DE- VIE.— This  pure  PALE  BRANDY,  18s. 


Illustrated  with  nearly  1,500  Engravings  on  Wood  and  12  on  Steel, 

THE  ILLUSTRATED  CATALOGUE  OF  THE 
INTERNATIONAL  EXHIBITION  of  1862,  C9ntaining  speci- 
mens of  the  best  exhibits  in  the  International  Exhibition  from  the 
works  of  the  most  famous  English  and  Continental  Art-Manufacturers; 
also  Engravings  on  Steel  and  Wood  of  the  Sculpture;  accompanied  with 
Essays,  by  various  contributors,  on  the  Progress  and  Development  of 
Art  as  exemplified  in  the  works  exhibited;  and  a  History  of  the  Ex- 
hibition: forming  a  most  interesting  and  valuable  record  of  the  Ex- 
hibition at  South  Kensington.    In  one  vol.  royal  4to,  cloth  gilt,  21s. 
London:  VIRTUE  BROTHERS  &  CO.,  1,  Amen  Corner. 

CRE-FYDD'S  FAMILY  FARE. 

Nearly  ready,  in  post  8vo,  price  7s.  6d.  cloth, 

THE  YOUNG  HOUSEWIFE'S  DAILY  AS- 
SISTANT on  all  Matters  relating  to  Cookery  and  Housekeeping  : 
containing  Bills  of  Family  Fare  for  Every  Day  in  the  Year;  which 
include  Breakfast  and  Dinner  for  a  Small  Family,  and  Dinner  for  Two- 
Servants.  Also,  Twelve  Bills  of  Fare  for  Dinner  Parties,  and  Two  for 
Evening  Entertainments,  with  the  Cos*  annexed.  By  CRE-FYDD. 

London:  SIMPKIN,  MARSHALL,  &  CO. 


Now  ready,  8vo,  pp.  408,  with  many  Engravings,  cloth,  14s. 

THE   HISTORY   OF  THE  VIOLIN,   and  other 
Instruments  played  on  with  the  Bow;  from  the  Remotest  Times 
to  the  Present.    Also,  an  Account  of  the  Principal  Makers,  English, 
and  Foreign.    By  W.  SANDYS,  F.S.A.,  and  S.  A.  FORSTER. 

London  :  J.  RUSSELL  SMITH,  36,  Soho  Square. 


"  PHONOGRAPHY  is  a  RAILROAD  method  of  communicating  thought — 
a  railroad  by  reason  of  its  expedition— a  railroad  by  reason  of  its  ease." 

REV.  DR.  RAFFLES. 


Price  Is.  6d,,  Free  by  Post, 

PITMAN'S  MANUAL  OF  PHONOGRAPHY. 

London:  F.  PITMAN,  20,  Paternoster  Row,  E.C. 


PARTRIDGE    &.    COZENS 

Is    the   CHEAPEST    HOUSE  in   the    Trade  for 

PAPER  and  ENVELOPES,  &c.  Useful  Cream- laid  Note, 2».  3d. per 
ream.  Superfine  ditto,  3s.  3d.  Sermon  Paper,  3s.  6d.  Straw  Paper,  2«. 
Foolscap,  6s.  6d.  per  Ream..  Black  bordered  Note,  5  Quires  for  1*. 
Super  Cream  Envelopes,  6rt.  per  100,  Black  Bordered  ditto,  Is.  per 
100.  Tinted  lined  India  Note  (5  Colours),  5  Quires  for  Is.  6d.  Copy 
Books  (Copies  set),  Is.  6d.  per  dozen.  F.  &  C.'s  Law  Pen  (as  flexible 
as  the  Quill),  2s.  pergross.  Name  plate  engraved,  and  100  test  Cards 
printed  for  3s.  6d. 

No  Charge  for  Stamping  Arms,  Crests,  $c.from  own  Dies. 

Catalogues  Post  Free;  Ordcm  over  20s.  Carriage  paid. 

Copy  Address,  PARTRIDGE  &  COZENS, 
Manufacturing  Stationers,  1 ,  Chancery  Lane,  and  192,  Fleet  St.  E.C. 


PRIZE  MEDAL  AWARDED. 
TOULKCIW    AND     GALE, 

DESPATCH  BOX,  DRESSING  CASE,  AND  TRAVELLING 
BAG  MAKERS, 

7,  Nxw  BOND  STEJSET,  W., 
AMD  SISB  LANE,  CITY  (NEAR  MANSION  HOUSE). 

(Established  1735.) 


T    MAPLE  and  CO.  for  CARPETS.    Choice  New 

tl  •    Patterns. 


MAPLE  and  CO.  for  FIRST-CLASS   FUR- 

tl«    NITURE. 


T    MAPLE  and  CO.  for  BEDSTEADS,  in  Wood, 

V  •mlr?n'  *.?£  BrasSl  fltted  witl1  Furniture  and  Bedding  complete. 
An  Illustrated  Catalogue  Free  on  application.— Entrance  145,  Totten- 
ham Court  Road. 


THE  PRETTIEST  GIFT  for  a  LADY  is  one  of 
JONES'S  GOLD  LEVERS,  at  III.  Us.    For  a  GENTLEMAN, 
nesVof  Prod°ucti?n  »arded  at  the  In»*™ational  Exhibition  for  "  Cheap- 

Manufactory,  338,  Strand,  opposite  Somerset  House. 


3'd  S.  V.  JAN.  9,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

WESTERN,  MANCHESTER  AND  LONDON 

f  T      AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES  LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AiTO  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHMF  OFPICM :  3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 
77,  KING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  R.  E.Howard,  D.C.L 

James  Hunt,  Esq. 

John  Leigh,  Esq. 

Edm.  Lucas, Esq. 

F.B.  Marson.Esq. 

E.  VansittartNeale,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Bonainy  Price,  Esq., M.A. 

Jas.  Ly  s  Seager,  Esq. 

Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 

John  B.  White,  Esq. 


Bicknell.Esq. 
ners  Cocks,  Esq.,  M.A..J.P. 
H.Drew,  Esq.,  M.A. 
John  Fisher,  Esq. 
W.  Freeman,  Esq. 
Charles  Frere,  Esq. 
Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 
J.  H.  Goodhart.Esq.,  J.P. 
J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,M.P. 
Peter  Hood,  Esq. 

Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society's  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Rates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  the  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MKDICAL  MEN  are  remunerated, in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 

No  CHARGE  HADE  FOR  POLICY  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal.  

Now  ready,  price  14s. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
roach  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 


O  S  T   E    O       EZDODT. 

Patent,  March  1, 1862,  No.  660. 

/GABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH   and 

VT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE  OLD  ESTABLISHED  DENTISTS, 
27,  Harley  Street, Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London; 

134,  Duke  Street, Liverpool;  65,  New  Street, Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "  Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth/'    Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 


PRESENTS    in    SILVER.— 

MAPPIN  BROTHERS  beg  to  call  attention  to  their  Extensive 
of  New  Designs  in  sterling  SILVER  CHRISTENING 
TS.  Silver  Cups,  beautifully  chased  and  engraved,  31.,  31.  10."., 
«.,  a*.,  a«.  10s.  each,  according  to  size  and  pattern;  Silver  Sets  of  Knife, 
F-Vrk'  a£d  8P°°n'  in  Cases,  II.  Is.,  II.  10s.,  '21.,  21  10s.,  31.  3s.,  41.  4s.; 
Silver  Baam  and  Spoon,  in  handsome  Cases,  41.  4s.,  61.  6s.,  81.  8s., 
101. 10s._ MAPPIN  BROTHERS,  Silversmiths,  67  and  68,  King  Wil- 
^a2lSJ£e?V  Lond011  Bridge  ;  and  222,  Regent  Street,  W.  Established 
in  Sheffield  A.D.  1810. 


PIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

JL  MAGNOLIA,  WHITE  ROSE,  FRANGIPANNI.  GERA- 
NIUM, PA  1CHOULY,  EVER-SWEET,  MEW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1 ,000  others.  2s.  6d.  each._2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 


HOLLOWAY'S  PILLS.—  PROSTRATION  OF 
STRENGTH.-When  the  system  is  weak  and  the  nerves  un- 
strung, disease  is  certain  to  present  itself  unless  some  purifying  and 
strengthening  means  be  resorted  to  to  avert  the  threatening  mischief. 
In  such  cases,  no  treatment  can  equal  that  by  these  excellent  Pills  ;  no 
other  Plan  can  be  pursued  so  well  devised  for  ejecting  all  impurities 
from  thet  blood  without  straining  or  weakening  the  constitution, 
lolloway  s Fills  so  fortify  the  stomach  and  regulate  the  liver  that  they 
raise  capability  of  digestion,  and  thus  create  new  power.  This  is  the 
i  why  Holloway's  Pills  have  gained  their  present  popularity,  and 
ffi  and  strennh'S11  throughout  the  globe  as  a  "  fresh  source  of 


IMPERIAL    LIFE    INSURANCE    COMPANY, 
1,  OLD  BROAD  STREET,  E.C. 
Instituted  A.D.  1820. 

A  SUPPLEMENT  to  the  PROSPECTUS,  showing  the  advantages 
of  the  Bonus  System,  may  be  had  on  application  to 

SAMUEL  INGALL,  Actuary. 


BRITISH  AND  MERCANTILE 

INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

Established  1809. 

Incorporated  by  Royal  Charter  and  Special  Acts  of  Parliament. 
Accumulated  and  Invested  Funds  ............  <2,122,8'.'8 

Annual  Revenue  ...............................    £122,401 


John  Mollett,  Esq. 
Junius  S.  Morgan,  Esq. 
G.  Garden  Nicol,  Esq. 
John  H.  Wm.  Schroder,  Esq. 
George  Young,  Esq. 


BOAED. 

JOHN  WHITE  CATER,  Esq.,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  MORRISON,  Esq.,  Deputy-Chairman- 

A.  De  Arroyave,  Esq. 
Edward  Cohen,  Esq. 
James  Du  Buisson,  Esq. 
P.  Du  Pre  Grenfell,  Esq. 
A.  Klockmann,  Esq. 

Ex-DlRECTORS. 

A.  H.  Campbell,  Esq.  I  P.  P.  Ralli,  Esq. 

P.  C.  Cavan,  Esq.  |  Robert  Smith,  Esq. 

Frederic  Somes,  Esq. 

Manager  of  Fire  Department—  George  H.  Whyting. 
Superintendent  of  Foreign  Department  —  G.  H.  Burnett. 

Secretary-  F.  W.  Lance. 
General  Manager  —  David  Smith. 

FIRE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  Company  grants  Insurances  against  Fire  in  the  United  King- 
dom, and  all  Foreign  Countries. 
Mercantile  risks  in  the  Port  of  London  accepted  at  reduced  rates. 


Losses  promptly  and  liberally  settled. 

Foreign  .Sisfcs. —The  Directors  having   i    , „ 

Foreign  Countries  are  prepared  to  issue  Policies  on  the  most  favour- 


ing  a  practical   knowledge   of 


able  terms.    In  all  cases  a  discount  will  be  allowed  to  Merchants  and 
others  effecting  such  insurances. 

LIFE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  following  Statement  exhibits  the  improvement  effected  during 
the  last  few  years :  — 

No.  of  Policies          Sums.  Premiums, 

issued.  £.  £.     s.  d. 

1858  ....  455        ....        377,425       12,565  18    8 

1859  ....  605        ....        449,913        ....        14,070    1     6 

1860  ....  741        ....        475,649        ....        14,071  17    7 

1861  ....  785        ....        527,626        ....        16,553    2    9 

1862  ....         1,037        ....        768,334        ....        23,641    0    0 
Thus  in  five  years  the  number  of  Policies  issued  was  3,623,  assuring7 

the  large  sum  of  2,928,947?. 

The  leading  features  of  the  Office  are  :— 

1.  Entire  Security  to  Assurers. 

2.  The  large  Bonus  Additions'  already  declared,  and  the  prospect  of  a 
further  Bonus  at  the  next  investigation. 

3.  The  advantages  afforded  by  the  varied  Tables  of  Premiums— unre- 
stricted conditions  of  Policies— and  general  liberality  in  dealing  with 
the  Assured. 

Forms  of  Proposal  and  every  information  will  be  furnished  on  appli- 
cation at  the 

Head  Offices  :  LON  DON 58,  Threadneedle  Street. 

4.  New  Bank- buildings. 
EDINBURGH 64,  Princes  Street. 

WEST-END  OFFICE  :  8,  WATERLOO-PLACE,  Pall  Mall. 


SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 

"THE    ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

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ASK  FOB  LEA.  AND  PEBKINS'  SAUCE. 

***  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors,  Worcester; 
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Now  ready,  18mo,  coloured  wrapper,  Post  Free,  6d. 

N    GOUT    AND    RHEUMATISM.     A  new 

x/  work,  by  DR.  LAV1LLE  of  the  Faculty  of  Medicine,  Paris,  ex- 
hibiting a  perfectly  new,  certain,  and  safe  method  of  cure.  Translated 
>y  an  English  Practitioner. 

London:  FRAS.  NEWBERY  &  SONS, 45,  St.  Paul'i  Church  Yard. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  JAN.  9,  '64. 


MACMILLAN    &   C.O.'S   LIST. 


Nearly  ready. 

THE  STATESMAN'S  YEAR-BOOK 

For  1864. 

By  FREDERICK  MARTIN. 

cr  nn  account  of  'the  Government,  Population,  Revenue, 
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of  All  the  Countries  in  the  World. 

TO  BE  CONTINUED  ANNUALLY. 

"  The  STATESMAN'S  YEAR-BOOK  "  is  intended  to  supply  a  want 
;,,  Fncli«h  Literature-  a  want  noticed  and  commented  upon  more  than 
nftf  "a  years  a"  by  the^ate  Sir  Robert  Peel.  All  readers  of  newspapers, 
h  Mother  wort*;  all  educated  men.  must  have  «»f^^fi5"S  c  >  a 
)«v>lr  of  reference  civin"  an  account  of  Countries  and  Mates,  in  me 
S^nnlrTaKbiographical  dictionary  would  give  a  sketch  of 

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VII    THE  NEGRO  RACE  IN  AMERICA. 
VIII.  FROUDE'S  HISTORY  OF  ENGLAND.    Vols.  V._VHL 
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With  nature  to  outdo  the  life." 

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Address,  CAPT.  HUTCHINSON,  R.N.,  Chilham,  near  Canterbury 

SRD  S.  No.  107. 


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III.  Raphael's  School  of  Athens. 

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VIII.  Poussin  Drawings  in  the  Royal  Collection II. 

IX.  "  Who  was  Francesco  da  Bologna  ?"_II. 
X.  Works  of  Cornelius  Visscher — III. 
XI.  Recent  Additions  to  the  Na'ional  Gallery. 
XII.  Recent  Additions  to  the  National  Portrait  Gallery. 
XIII.  Record  of  the  Fine  Arts. 

Title,  Preface,  and  Index  to  Vol.  I. 
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[3'd  S.  V.  JAN.  16,  '64. 


CAPTAINS     SPEKE    AND     GRANT'S     EXPLORATIONS     IN  AFRICA. 

This  day  is  published, 

JOURNAL 

OF 

THE  DISCOVERY  OF  THE  SOURCE  OF  THE  NILE. 

By   JOHN   HANKING    SPEKE, 

Captain  H.M,  Indian  Army. 

In  One  large  Volume  Octavo,  price  21s.    With  a  Map  of  Eastern  Equatorial   Africa  by  CAPTAIN  SPEKE  ; 
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They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
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Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 

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CAMPBELL'S  OLD  GLENLIV  AT  WHISKY.— 

V_>  At  this  season  of  the  year.  J.  Camobell  begs  to  direct  attention  to 
this  fine  old  MALT  WHISKY,  of  which  he  has  held  a  large  stock  for 
30  years,  price  20*.  per  gallon;  Sir  John  Power's  old  Irish  Whisky,  18*.; 
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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


47 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JANUARY  16,  1804. 


CONTENTS. —No.  107. 

NOTES :  —  Mr.  Froude  in  Ulster,  47  —  Shakspeariana : 
Stephano  —  "Hamlet"  —  Hamlet's  Grave,  49  —  "The 
Grand  Impostor,  50  —  St.  Mary's,  Beverley,  51  —  Fantoc- 
cini, 52—  One  Swallow  does  not  make  a  Summer"  — 
Pruidical  Remains  in  India  —  Anagrams— A  Note  on 
Notes  —  Zachary  Boyd,  53. 

QUERIES:  — Manuscript  English  Chronicle,  54  — Baroness 

—  The  Bloody  Hand  —  Books  of  Monumental  Inscriptions 

—  Alfred  Bunn— Thomas  Cook—  Cromwell—  Cullum  — 
Enigma  —  English  Topography  in  Dutch  —  Fowls  with 
Human  Remains  —  "  The  Leprosy  of  Naaman  "  —  Nicholas 
Newlin  —  Northumbrian  (Anglo-Saxon)  Money  —  Order 
of    St.  John  of  Jerusalem  —  Painter  to  His  Majesty  — 
Pocket    Fender  —  Pumice  Stone  —  References  Wanted  — 
Spanish  Drought  —  Torrington  Family,  54. 

QUKRIES  WITH  ANSWERS:— Halifax  Law  — Charles  Left- 
ley  —  Psalm  ic.  9  —  Dissolution  of  Monasteries,  Ac.  — 
Hiorne,  the  Architect  —  Copying  Parish  Registers,  56. 

REPLIES:  —  Reliable,  58  — Sir  Robert  Gifford,  59  — Mrs. 
Fitzherbert,  Ib.—  St.  Patrick  and  the  Shamrock,  60  — 
Quotation  :  "  Aut  tu  Morus  cs,"  Ac.  —  Storque  — Heraldic 
Visitations  printed— Clerk  of  the  Cheque  —  Quotations 
Wanted  —  vixen :  Fixen  —  Rob.  Burns  —  Brettingham  — 
Shakspeare  and  Plato  — Laurel  Water  —  Pholey  —  Penny 
Loaves  at  Funerals  —  "Trade  and  Improvement  of  Ire- 
land "  —  Arms  of  Saxony  —  "  Est  Rosaflos  Veneris  "— "  The 
Amateur's  Magazine  "—Mad  as  a  Hatter  —  Richard  Adams 
—Madman's  Food  tasting  of  Oatmeal  Porridge  —  Sir  Ed- 
ward May  —  Sir  William  Sevenoke  —  Longevity  of  Clergy- 
men —  Paper  Marks  —  The  Laird  of  Lee  —  Frith  Silver— 
Potato  and  Point  —  Greek  and  Roman  Games,  &c.,  61. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


jteta*. 

MR.  FROUDE  IN  ULSTER. 

In  two  chapters  of  the  eighth  and  last  pub- 
lished volume  of  his  History  of  England,  Mr. 
Froude  has  sketched  the  leading  events  of  the 
struggle  with  Shane  O'Neill  at  the  commencement 
of  Elizabeth's  reign ;  but  the  theme  was  worthy 
of  a  much  larger  space,  and  indeed  required  an 
ampler  treatment,  to  render  it  intelligible  to  Eng- 
lish readers.  In  that  struggle  the  Scots  formed  a 
principal  element,  and,  in  connection  with  their 
settlements  in  Ulster  during  the  fifteenth  and  six- 
teenth centuries,  Mr.  F.  had  rare  and  plentiful 
materials  at  hand.  The  whole  story  of  these 
Scottish  settlements,  however,  ia  told  at  page  10, 
in  the  following  words  :  "  The  Irish  of  the  North, 
and  the  Scots  of  the  Western  Isles,  had  for  two 
centuries  kept  up  a  close  and  increasing  inter- 
course." This  intercourse,  practically  speaking, 
began  with  the  marriage  of  John  Mor  Macdonnell 
to  Marjory  Bisset,  sole  heiress  to  the  Glynns  or 
Glens  of  Antrim,  about  the  year  1400,  and  a 
simple  recital  of  facts  in  the  history  of  their  de- 
scendants, the  Clan  Ian  Vor,  or  Clandonnell  South, 
would  have  been  highly  important  in  reviewing 
the  leading  parties  throughout  Ulster  during  the 
sixteenth  century. 

But  without  any  previous  knowledge  of  these 
Scots,  the  reader  is  introduced  to  a  company  of 
them  thus,  at  page  10 :  — 


"  James  M'Connell  (Macdonnell)  and  his  two  brothers, 
near  kinsmen  of  the  House  of  Argyle,  crossed  over  with 
2000  followers  to  settle  in  Tyrconnell,  while  to  the  Cal- 
logh  O'Donnell,  the  chief  of  the  clan,  the  Earl  of  Argyle 
himself  gave  his  half -sister  for  a  wife." 

James  Macdonnell  had  not  only  two,  but  seven 
brothers,  the  sons  of  Alexander  of  Isla,  all  of  whom 
were  leaders  of  greater  or  less  note  in  the  ranks  of 
the  Clan  Ian  Vor,  and  all  of  whom  were  probably 
born  and  brought  up  on  the  Antrim  coast,  where 
their  father  resided  from  the  year  1493,  having 
been  then  banished  from  Scotland  by  James  IV. 
They  were  not,  however,  "  near  kinsmen  of  the 
house  of  Argyle,"  neither  had  they  any  immediate 
family  relationship  with  the  Campbells,  farther 
than  that  James  Macdonnell,  the  eldest  brother, 
was  married  to  a  daughter  of  Colin  Campbell,  the 
third  Earl  of  Argyle.  James  Macdonnell  and 
two  of  his  brothers  may  have  gone  on  some  expe- 
dition into  Tyrconnell  (Donegal),  as  the  allies  of 
the  O'Donnells,  but  they  never  went  there  for  the 
purpose  of  settling  permanently,  although  their 
movements  may  have  been  so  represented,  or  mis- 
represented, by  English  officials.  James  Mac- 
donnell, when  in  Ulster,  had  his  own  well-known 
town  and  castle  at  Red  Bay,  on  the  Antrim  coast, 
and  his  two  brothers,  Colla  and  Sorley  (who  no 
doubt  went  with  him  into  Tyrconnell  on  the  oc- 
casion referred  to  by  Mr.  Froude),  dwelt  re- 
spectively at  Kinbann  and  Ballycastle,  on  the 
same  coast.  Mr.  Froude  always  speaks  of  Calvagh 
O'Donnell  as  "  the  Callogh,"  thus  adopting  the 
phraseology  of  English  emissaries.  By  them  he 
is  no  doubt  also  misled,  in  supposing  that  Argyle 
gave  his  "  half-sister  "  to  the  "  Callogh  "  as  wife. 
The  fact  that  the  lady  in  question  is  always 
termed  Countess  of  Argyle  naturally  enough  puz- 
zles Mr.  F.,  seeing  that,  had  she  only  been  the 
Earl's  half-sz'sfer,  she  could  not  have  had  the 
title  of  Countess.  This  lady,  however,  has  been 
hitherto  regarded  as  the  step-mother  only,  of 
Archibald,  fourth  Earl  of  Argyle,  having  been 
his  father's  second  wife,  and  consequently  Countess 
dowager  of  Argyle.  She  afterwards  became  the 
second  wife  of  Calvagh  O'Donnell,  but  continued 
to  retain  her  Scottish  title.  She  was  one  of  the 
seven  daughters  of  Hector  Mor  Maclean,  Chief 
of  the  house  of  Dowart,  in  Mull.  Her  mother 
was  Mary,  daughter  of  Alexander  of  Islay,  and 
sister  to  James  Macdonnell.  After  her  abduction 
by  Shane  O'Neill,  Sussex  wrote  to  Elizabeth  that 
"  Thre  of  the  Mac  Illanes  (Macleans),  Kynsmen 
of  the  Countess  of  Oirgyle"  had  offered  great 
services  to  her  captor  for  her  release.  It  must 
be  admitted,  however,  that  the  lady  is  still  some- 
what of  a  genealogical  puzzle,  but  it  is  certain  she 
could  not  have  been  half-sister  to  the  then  Earl 
of  Argyle.  The  latter  is  represented  as  being  a 
wonderful  match-maker,  for  he  is  described  as 
proposing  to  marry  James  Macdonnell's  widow 


48 


[3rd  S.  V.  JAN.  16,  '64. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 

— 

I  snrina    after  they  had  sown  their  own    barren 

(«  another  half-sister  of  Argyle,"  page  395)    to     spnng    afterj  e^  ^  ^  throughout 

Shane  O'Neill,  after  the  latter  had  repudiated  or  |  garcne*  ^  ^  ^^      ^  ^  emergency  aros6j 

however,  reinforcements  were  summoned  by  the 
simple  means  of  lighting  a  great  nre^n^orr- 


Shane  O'Neill,  amc*  «"~ —          * 

put  away  James    Macdonnell's    daughter;    and, 
again  (page  387),  as  making  arrangements  witn 

O'Neill  for  marrying  two  of  his  children  by  t  J.  I  jjead,  which  is  the  nearest  point  01  me  AUU-IIU 
T&  r^^    «-•*•  °-k  <he  ^annel^e  ^  on,y 


nearest  point  of  the  Antrim. 


eleven  miles  and  a  half  in  breadth.     Mr.  Froude 


"The  following  is  Mr.  Froude's  account  (p.  380) 
of  Shane  O'Neill's  celebrated  expedition  against 
the  Scots,  in  the  spring  of  1565  :  — 

"  O'Neill  lav  quiet  through  the  winter.  With  the 
spring  and  the  fine  weather,  when  the  rivers  fell  and  the 
c-round  dried,  he  roused  himself  out  of  his  lair,  and  with 
his  galloglasse  and  kern,  and  a  few  hundred  'harquebuss- 
men  '  he  dashed  suddenly  down  upon  the  *  Redshanks ' 
and  broke  them  to  pieces.  Six  or  seven  hundred  were 
killed  in  the  field ;  James  M'Connell  and  his  brother 
Sorleboy  were  taken  prisoners ;  and  for  the  moment  the 
whole  colony  was  swept  away." 

In  this  brief  space,  Mr.  Froude  compresses  all 
the  stirring  events  of  that  remarkable  campaign ; 
the  mustering  of  O'Neill's  force  in  Armagh  after 
the  solemnities  of  Easter — his  march  into  Clande- 
boye,  and  the  gathering  of  the  gentry  in  that  ter- 
ritory, with  their  adherents,  around  the  standard 
of  their  great  chief — the  battle  of  Knockboy,  near 
Ballymena,    where  Somhairle   Macdonnell  with- 
stood,  for  a  time,    the    overwhelming  force   of 
O'Neill — the   siege   and   capture   of    Red    Bay 
Castle  (Uairadergh) — the  landing  of  the  Scots  at 
Cushindun  under  James  Macdonnell,   and  their 
union  with  Sorley  Boy's  small  force  —  their  re 
treat   before  O'Neill  northward  along  the  coast 
to  Baile  Caislean  (now  Ballycastle)  —  the  furi- 
ous battle  of  Gleanntaisi,  in  that  district,  com 
mencing  at   five   o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the 
2nd  of  May — O'Neill's  halt  at  Ballycastle,  where 
he  listened  to,  but  rejected,  the  despairing  pro- 
posals of  the  Scots,  and  from  which  he  addressed 
his  celebrated  letter  to   the  Lords  Justices,  in- 
forming them   of   his   victory  —  his   subsequent 
capture  of  the  Castles  of  Downesterick  and  Dun 
luce  —  his  sending   James   and  Sorley  Macdon- 
nell, together  with  nineteen  other  Scottish  leaders, 
captured  on  the  field  of  Gleanntaisi,  to  dungeons 
in  Tyrone  —  and  his  own  triumphant  return  into 
Armagh. 

In  selecting  the  season  of  spring  for  this  "  dash" 
against  the  Scots,  Shane  was  not  so  much  con- 
cerned about  "  when  the  rivers  fell  and  the  ground 
dried"  as  about  the  necessity  of  having  the  blow 
dealt  before  the  period  when  reinforcements  began 
generally  to  arrive  from  Scotland.  The  Scots 
were  known  to  leave  Antrim  each  season  in  Oc- 
tober, or  early  in  November,  except  such  num- 
bers as  were  necessary  to  hold  certain  positions 
along  the  coast,  and  as  regularly  to  return  in  the 


Head ;  and  in  Norden's  Map  of  Ulster  prefixed  to 
vol.  ii.  of  the  State  Papers,  we  have  the  following 
announcement  at  the  latter  headland  :  "  At  this 
marke  the  Scotts  used  to  make  their  Warning 
Fires."  It  is  not  unlikely,  however,  that  Fair- 
head,  which  is  much  higher  and  more  prominent, 
although  further  from  Cantire,  may  have  been  also 
used  for  the  same  purpose  ;  but  on  what  authority 
Mr.  Froude's  statement  rests,  I  do  not  know. 

At  page  418,  Mr.  Froude  thus  describes  the 
place  of  Shane  O'Neill's  assassination  :  — 

"  In  the  far  extremity  of  Antrim,  beside  the  falls  of 
Isnaleara,  where  the  black  valley  of  Glenariff  opens  out 
into  Red  Bay,  sheltered  among  the  hills  and  close  upon 
the  sea,  lay  the  camp  of  Allaster  M'Connell  (Alexander 
Oge  Macdonnell)  and  his  nephew  Gillespie." 

The  county  of  Antrim  extends  along  the  coast 
from  Belfast  to  Coleraine,  but  the  point  here  so 
indefinitely   referred    to  is   neither   at    one   ex- 
tremity nor  the  other.    Shane  O'Neill  was  slain  in 
the  present  townland  of  Ballyteerim,  overlooking 
Cushindun  Bay,  and  still  containing  traces  of  the 
building  in   which  his  last  fatal  interview  with 
the  Macdonnells  took  place.     In  Norden's  Map 
prefixed  to  the  State  Papers,  vol.  ii.,  the  name  of 
this  townland  is  Balle  Teraino,  and  it  is  accom- 
panied with  the  following  note :   "  Here  Shane 
O'Neale  was  slayne."    Mr.  Froude  has,  no  doubt, 
some   authority   for    associating   that    chieftain's 
death  with    the   "  falls   of    Isnaleara "    and   the 
black  valley  of  Glenariff."     We  are  told,  also, 
that   O'Neill's  lifeless  body   was    "  nung  into   a 
pit  dug  hastily  among  the  ruined  arches  of  Glen- 
arm,"  and  if  so,  the  assassins  must  have  carried 
the  corpse   a   distance  of  at  least  twelve  miles! 
Local  tradition  affirms  that  the  mutilated  remains 
were  buried  in  an  old  church  enclosure   at,  or 
near,   the  place  of  assassination,    and    Campion 
tells    us   that    O'Neill's    last    resting-place    was 
"  within  an  old  chapell  hard  by." 

The  Scottish  leader  whom  Mr.  Froude  desig- 
nates as  "  Gillespie  "  was  the  eldest  son  of  James 
Macdonnell,  and,  as  such,  was  naturally  more  in- 
terested than  any  other  in  avenging  his  lather's 
death,  and  repudiating  the  false  story  of  his 
mother's  proffered  marriage  with  O'Neill.  Mr. 
Froude,  misled  by  others,  represents  Gillaspick 
Macdonnell  as  nephew  of  James  Macdonnell,  but 
Campion  is  correct  in  stating  that  "  Agnes 


3'd  S.  V.  JAN.  16,  '64.  J 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


49 


(James  MacdonnelPs  widow),  had  a  sonne  Mac 
Gillye  Aspucke,  who  betrayed  O'Neale  to  avenge 
his  father's  and  uncle's  quarrell."  It  is  not  likely 
that  a  nephew  of  the  lady  only  by  marriage  would 
have  stood  up  so  fiercely  for  her  reputation.  This 
Gillaspic,  or  Archibald,  was  James  MacdonnelFs 
eldest  son,  and  is  always  mentioned  as  his  heir  in 
the  various  grants  of  lands  in  Cantire  made  to 
his  father  by  Mary  Queen  of  Scots.*  James  Mac- 
donnell  had  a  nephew  (son  of  his  brother  Colla) 
named  also  Gillaspick,  but  he  was  killed  by  an 
accident  at  Ballycastle,  just  on  the  day  he  came 
of  age,  and  could  not  have  been  more  than  fifteen 
years  of  age  at  the  time  Shane  O'Neill  was  slain. 

Mr.  Froude  iwrites  too  decidedly  in  the  VCR 
victis  style,  and  is  angry  because  the  Irish  did  not 
accept  with  a  better  grace  the  blessings  of  subju- 
gation. He  utters  complaints  as  he  proceeds, 
pretty  much  in  the  spirit  which  dictated  the  let- 
ters of  Fitzwilliam  and  Piers.  The  queen,  for- 
sooth, "  cared  to  burden  her  exchequer  no  further, 
in  the  vain  effort  to  drain  the  black  Irish  morass, 
fed  as  it  was  from  the  perennial  fountains  of  Irish 
nature."  (Page  377-8.)  This  writer  also  speaks 
as  if  he  really  believed  that  the  Irish  and  Scottish 
chieftains  were  more  truculent  or  ferocious  than 
English  officials.  Shane  O'Neill  is  described 
(page  420)  as  a  "  drunken  ruffian,"  and  Allaster 
M'Connell  (Alexander  Oge  Macdonnell)  acts 
(page  413)  "  like  some  chief  of  Sioux  Indians." 
All  thi*  may  be  true,  but  their  "  Irish  nature"  is 
not  blacker  than  English  nature  after  all.  The 
English  were  caught  twice  plotting  the  secret 
assassination  of  Shane  O'Neill  by  poison ;  and 
Sussex,  the  Lord  Deputy,  was  concerned  in  at 
least  one,  if  not  both,  of  these  infamous  affairs. 
As  Mr.  Froude  proceeds,  he  will  find  that  Sir 
James  Macdonnell,  of  Dunluce,  was  poisoned,  in 
1601,  by  a  government  emissary,  named  Douglas, 
whom  that  chief  was  hospitably  entertaining  at 
his  castle  on  the  Antrim  coast.  Mr.  F.  will  also, 
no  doubt,  meet  the  following  extract  from  a  letter 
written  by  Sir  Arthur  Chichester,  and  descriptive 
of  a  journey  made  by  that  famous  statesman  and 
soldier  from  Carrickfergus  along  the  banks  of 
Lough  Neagh  :  — 

"  I  burned  all  along  the  Lough  within  four  myles  of 
Dungannon,  and  killed  100  people,  sparing  none,  o"f  what 
quality,  age,  or  sex  soever,  besides  many  burned  to  death ; 
we  kill  man,  woman  and  child ;  horse,  beast,  and  what- 
soever we  find." 

This  stolid  monster's  policy  was,  that  the  Irish 
could  be  more  quickly  reduced  to  subjection  by 
hunger  than  any  other  means ;  hence  he  destroyed 
corn  and  cattle  in  every  direction  ;  and  during 
his  administration,  little  children  in  Ulster  were 
seen  eating  the  flesh  of  their  dead  mothers  ! 

Belfast.  GEO.  HILL. 


"^  Parochiale!S  ScoticB>  voL  iL  Part  l>  under 


SHAKSPEARTANA. 

"  But  roomer,  fairy,  here  comes  Oberon," 

Midsummer  Night's  Dream,  II.  1.  (Puck.) 

By  thus  adding  r  to  the  roome  of  the  first  folio, 
on  the  supposition  that  the  printer  or  copier 
dropped  it  through  carelessness  or  ignorance,  the 
line  can  be  scanned,  and  the  rhythm  is,  I  think, 
better,  and  the  expression  less  prosaic  than  those 
of  any  other  reading.  Room  and  roomer  were  sea 
phrases,  which,  in  speaking  of  the  sailing  of  ships, 
meant  to  alter  the  course,  and  go  free  of  one 
another,  or  of  rocks  or  land,  or  more  generally  in 
reference  to  the  wind,  to  go,  as  we  now  say,  large 
or  free  (or  roomer,  freer)  before  the  wind.  Thus 
we  read  in  Hakluy t  — 

"Then  might  the  Hopewell  and  the  Swallow  have 
payed  roome  [payed  off  before  the  wind]  to  second  him, 
but  they  failed  him,  as  they  did  us,  standing  off  close  by 
a  wind  to  the  eastward ;  " 

and  in  the  same,  Best,  narrating  how  in  Frobisher's 
second  voyage  the  ships  were  caught  in  a  storm 
amidst  drifting  ice  an<f  icebergs,  says  :  — 

"We  went  roomer  [off  our  course,  and  more  before  the 
wind]  for  one  (iceberg),  and  looted  [luffed  up  in  the 
wind]  for  another  (and  so  up  and  down  during  the  whole 
night.") 

Hence  roomer  aptly  expresses  one  of  the  two 
courses  which  must  be  adopted  by  an  inferior 
vessel  when  it  meets  another,  whose  sovereignty 
entitles  her  to  hold  on  her  way  unchecked,  and 
the  course  which  would  be  adopted  if  it  were 
wished  to  get  away  unchallenged.  The  fairy  had 
luffed,  and  so  stayed  her  course  to  speak  with  Puck. 
Having  interchanged  civilities,  Here,  says  Puck, 
comes  Oberon,  bearing  down  upon  you  full  sail; 
do  you,  vassal  as  you  are  of  a  power  that  he  is 
unfriends  with,  alter  your  course ;  go  off  before 
the  wind,  and  free  of  him.  In  a  word,  roomer. 
Why  should  not  the  earth-engirdling  imp  have  a 
few  such  phrases  at  command,  or  have  gone  mas- 
querading as  a  sailor-boy,  especially  in  Attica  or 
in  England  in  1595  ?  in  both  which  places  even 
Titania  seems  to  have  been  fond  of  Neptune's 
yellow  sands.  Or,  if  objection  still  be  made,  I 
would  quote  the  inlander  Romeo,  who  talks  as 
though  by  nature  of  the  high  top-gallant  of  his 
j°7- 

STEPHANO. — 

"Now  is  the  jerkin  under  the  line." — Tempest,  I\r.  1 
meaning  it  was  put  as  were  the  stakes  at  tennis, 
and  so  could  be  taken  by  the  winner. 

"  Let  us  keep  the  lawes  of  the  court ; 
That  is,  stake  money  under  the  line  (sotto  la  corda),  is  it 

not  so? 

Yea,  Sir,  you  hit  it  right : 
Here  is  my  money ;  now  stake  you." 

Florio's  Second  Fruites,  ch.  2.    "  At  tennis 
in  Charter  House  Court." 

B.  NICHOLSON. 


50 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  JAN.  16,  '64. 


"  HAMLET."— 

"  Thus  has  he  (and  many  more  of  the  same  breed  that 
I  know  the  drossy  age  dotes  on),  only  got  the  tune  of 
the  time  and  outward  habit  of  encounter, — a  kind  of 
yesty  collection,  which  carries  them  through  and  through 
the  most  fond  and  winnowed  opinions,  and  do  but  blow 
them  to  their  trial,  the  bubbles  are  out."  (First  Folio.) 

Act  V.  Sc.  2. 

"  Prophane  and  trennowed  (trennowned)  quartos  fanned 
and  winnowed." —  Warburton. 

Hamlet  of  course  means  that  Osric  and  his  com- 
peers have  not  that  inward  wit  necessnry  to  parley 
true  euphuism,  but  only  the  outward  trick  of  the 
language,  which,  while  it  passed  with  folks  of  like 
inind,  would  not  stand  the  trial  of  better  judg- 
ments. So  at  least  he  says  in  the  rest  of  the  pas- 
sage; but  when  he  is  made  to  say  that  their 
yesty  collection  of  words  carries  them  through 
and  through  the  winnowed,  or  fanned  and  win- 
nowed, opinions  of  the  age — through  the  wheat  of 
the  world— he  is  made  to  say  the  contrary  of  what 
he  means,  and  the  contrary  to  the  fact ;  for  Osric 
did  not  pass  through  two  such  winnowed  opinions 
as  those  of  Horatio  and  Hamlet.  Or  if,  contrary 
to  all  analogy  of  speech,  the  fanned  and  winnowed 
opinions  are  the  chaff  and  not  the  wheat,  what 
sense  is  there  in  a  yesty  collection  carrying  one 
through  either  wheat  or  chaff?  or  if  a  yesty  col- 
lection did  such  a  strange  act,  where,  after  such  a 
passage,  would  be  the  bubbles  that  the  puff  of  air 
is  to  blow  away  ?  But  if  for  winnowed  or  tren- 
nowed, we  read  vinewed  or  vinnewed — and  blue 
vinney  is  Dorsetshire,  and  vinewedst  is  spelt  in 
the  folio  edition  of  Troilus  and  Cressida  "whinidst" 
— we  have  a  change  that  restores  the  sense — a  word 
not  incongruous  with,  but  suggested  by,  the  meta- 
phorical yesty  collection,  and  a  repetition  of  that 
Shakspearian  expression,  a  mouldy  wit.  In  truth, 
Hamlet's  metaphor  is  drawn  from  Sly's  pot  of  ale, 
as  is  shown  by  the  words, "  blow  them  to  their  trial." 
The  yesty  collection  is  the  frothiness  of  sour  and 
stale  beer,  which  passes  with  those  of  corrupted  and 
vitiated  taste ;  but  when  tried  and  blown  upon  by 
more  sober  j  udgments  flies  off,  and  does  not  remain 
like  the  true  head  of  sound  liquor  or  wit. 

B.  NICHOLSON. 

HAMLET'S  GRAVE.— Writing  of  Elsinore,  Ma- 
hony,  in  a  small  work  on  The  Baltic,  published  in 
1857,  says:  — 

"  It  was  not  here,  but  in  Jutland,  according  to  Saxo 
Grammaticus,  from  whose  Chronicle  Shakspeare  drew  the 
plot  of  his  inimitable  tragedy,  that  Amblettus,  or  Hamlet, 
about  four  centuries  before  the  Christian  era,  avenged  the 
murder  of  his  father.  But  though  the  tourist  will  seek 
in  vain  the  grave  of  the  Danish  prince,  he  will  find 
ample  compensation  in  the  many  romantic  stories  con- 
nected with  the  monuments  in  the  old  cathedral  and  the 
gloomy  vaults  of  Kronburg  Castle." 

This  reminds  me  of  the  following  story,  au 
nntruire,  lately  told  by  a  friend.  He  visited 


Elsinore  this  autumn,  and  hearing  that  the  Eng- 
lish who  called  there  always  asked  for  and  visited 
"  Hamlet's  grave,"  he  undertook  the  same  pil- 
grimage. On  his  road,  at  a  short  distance  out 
of  the  town,  he  came  to  a  place  called  Marienlyst, 
a  public  garden  nicely  laid  out,  and  with  the 
usual  refreshment  rooms  of  the  continental  states. 
Sauntering  along  the  walks,  he  met  a  gentleman, 
with  whom  he  entered  into  conversation,  and 
stated  his  object  in  being  there.  After  .a  few 
turns  of  the  path,  the  gentleman  pointed  to  a 
block  of  stone  about  three  feet  high,  something 
like  part  of  a  column  standing  on  a  slight  mound, 
and  said,  "  That  is  Hamlet's  grave."  My  friend 
thanked  him,  but,  seeing  a  smile  on  his  coun- 
tenance, asked  "  What  is  the  matter  ?  "  "  Well," 
said  he,  "  I  will  explain.  On  the  establishment  of 
this  place  a  short  time  since,  a  countryman  called 
on  the  proprietor  to  say  that  he  was  so  much 
troubled  with  the  English  visitors  who  flocked  to 
his  garden  to  see  '  Hamlet's  grave,'  and  did  him 
so  much  damage,  that  he  would  be  greatly  obliged 
if  the  proprietor  would  allow  him  to  place  the 
stone  at  the  back  part  of  his  garden,  by  which 
means  he"  would  be  relieved  of  it,  and  both  of  them 
be  greatly  benefited.  This  was  acceded  to,  and 
here  is  the  grave.  I  fear  you  will  think  you  have 
had  your  walk  for  nothing."  As  dinner  was  not 
quite  ready,  he  made  a  sketch  of  the  spot. 

Have  any  of  your  correspondents  and  readers 
experienced  this  walk  to  "  Hamlet's  grave  "  ?  and 
if  so,  have  they  ever  heard  how  this  block  came  to 
be  originally  attributed  to  this  so-called  "  Prince 
of  Denmark,"  and  when  it  may  have  been  first 
named  and  placed  in  its  former  position?  It 
would  seem  to  lie  between  1857  and  1863. 

WYATT  PAPWORTH. 


"  THE  GRAND  IMPOSTOR." 

I  have  lately  acquired  a  copy  of  The  Grand 
Impostor  Detected,  or  an  Historical  Dispute  of  the 
Papacy  and  Popish  Religion,  by  S.  C.,  Part  i., 
4to,  Edinburgh,  1673.  The  initials  upon  the  title 
are,  in  the  dedication  to  the  Duke  of  Lauderdale 
and  preface,  extended  to  Samuel  Colvill  j  and  it 
is  still  a  moot  point  whether  the  man,  who  here 
so  seriously  handles  the  Pope  is  identical  with 
he  of  the  same  name  who,  in  the  opposite  vein, 
showed  up  the  Scottish  Covenanters  in  the  Mock 
Poem,orWhiggs>  Supplication,  8vo,  London,  1681. 
The  last  is  undoubtedly  a  piece  of  coarse  texture, 
and,  at  first  glance,  assorts  so  ill  with  the  former, 
that  without  closer  inspection  one  might  accept 
the  inference  drawn  by  Lowndes — that  there  were 
two  of  these  Samuel  Colvills.  I  have,  however, 
looked  into  the  long  preface  of  the  polemic  ;  and, 
on  comparing  passages  with  others  in  the  Author's 


3*  S.  V.  JAN.  16,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


51 


Apology  for  the  Mock  Poem,  find  sufficient  re- 
semblance in  the  phraseology  to  warrant  the  belief 
that  they  are  both  written  by  the  same  hand ;  and 
should  the  books  be  in  the  possession  of  any  of 
your  correspondents,  I  shall  be  glad  to  have  my 
opinion  checked.  Charter,  a  contemporary,  in 
his  Catalogue  of  Scottish  Writers  (not  published 
until  1833),  certainly  assigns  both  to  the  same 
person — Samuel  Colvill,  Gentleman,  and  brother 
to  Alex.  Colvill,  D.D.,  and  it  is  only  upon  the 
apparent  incongruities  of  style  displayed  by  the 
polemic  and  poet,  that  any  doubt  upon  the  sub- 
ject existed.  With  respect  to  the  author,  there 
does  appear  to  be  a  most  remarkable  want  of  in- 
formation. Can  nobody  supply  a  biographical 
Note  which  would  explode  or  confirm  the  popular 
belief,  in  his  being  a  son  of  Lady  Culros  ? 

A  correspondent,  some  time  back,  suggested 
that  he  might  be  also  the  "  S.  C."  who  wrote  The 
Art  of  Complaisance,  12mo,  London,  1673;  but, 
believing  him  to  have  written  the  Grand  Impos- 
tor, it  is  highly  improbable  that  in  April  of  that 
year  the  same  individual  obtained  an  imprimatur 
both  at  Edinburgh  and  London :  and  that,  too, 
for  works  of  such  an  opposite  character.  It  seems 
to  me  also,  that  we  should  know  something  more 
regarding  the  publication  of  the  Whiggs'  Suppli- 
cation. There  are  many  contemporary  manu- 
scripts of  the  poem  about,  which,  coupled  with 
what  the  author  says  in  his  Apology,  would  almost 
lead  to  the  belief  that  it  was  at  first  extensively 
published  in  that  way  :  indeed,  as  far  as  we  know, 
it  may  have  got  into  print  surreptitiously — the 
original  edition  bearing  only  "  London,  printed  in 
the  year,  1681." 

In  Chalmers's  Life  ofRuddiman,  we  find  that  our 
author  was  alive  in  1710:  it  being  noticed  that 
the  North  Tatler  was  printed  at  Edinburgh  that 
year  by  John  Reid  for  Sam.  Colvill.  As  the 
author  of  the  Scots  Hudibras  has  come  in  for 
more  abuse  than  commendation,  I  may  record 
Daniel  Defoe,  when  dealing  with  his  own  ene- 
mies, adopts  the  language  used  by  honest  Sam. 
Colvill  in  his  Apology,  to  repel  malicious  criti- 
cism. Cunningham,  too,  in  his  Hist,  of  Great 
Britain  (always  supposing  there  is  but  one 
Samuel),  is  said  to  have  complimented  him  upon 
being  a  strenuous  defender  of  the  Protestant  re- 
ligion ;  but  I  do  not  find  the  passage  in  Thomson's 
edition,  1787.  Finally,  who  was  the  "  S.  C.," 
alluded  to  by  Peterkin  in  the  following  extract 
from  his  Records  of  the  Kirk  of  Scotland,  Edin- 
burgh, 1838  ?  Speaking  of  the  powers  exercised 
over  the  Kirk  by  the  English  Commissioners  in 
1654  :  — 

"They  pat,"  says  he,  «  Mr.  John  Row,  in  Aberdeen ;  Mr. 

.  Leighton,  in  Edinburgh ;  Mr.  P.  Gillespie,  in  Glas- 

nv ;    and  Mr.  Samuel  Colvill  they  offered  to  the  Old 

-ollege  of  St.  Andrews :  this  last  is  still  held  off,  but  the 

other  three  act  as  principals." 

A.  G. 


P.S.  The  author  of  the  Grand  Impostor  designed 
a  much  larger  work,  but  says  it  would  be  difficult 
for  him  to  publish  it  all  at  once ;  and,  I  think,  no 
more  than  this  Part  i.,  treating  "  Of  the  Bishop- 
rick  of  St.  Peter,"  appeared.  Samuel  Colvill,  in 
his  dedication,  calls  himself  a  condisciple  of  his 
patron ;  and  relninds  his  grace  that  he  had  before 
received  his  countenance,  by  th'e  acceptance  of 
several  trifles  from  him.  What  were  they  ? 

I  should  add,  while  upon  the  subject,  that  to 
me  the  London  imprint,  1681,  to  the  Mock  Poem, 
appears  a  blind.  At  the  period  the  Presbyterians 
were  at  the  height  of  their  resistance  to  the 
episcopal  intrusion ;  and  it  would  hardly  have 
been  safe  to  have  openly  published  at  Edinburgh 
such  a  book,  with  the  aggravation  of  what  may 
be  considered  a  Puritanical  armorial  device  upon 
the  title.  Colvill  was,  of  course,  a  prelatic  advo- 
cate ;  and  my  belief  is,  that  the  book  was  printed 
at  Edinburgh,  and  not  at  London  as  indicated. 
The  second  impression  of  1687  was  avowedly  from 
Edinburgh,  without  the  device ;  and  "  Sam.  Col- 
vil "  signed  to  the  Apology  for  the  first  time. 


ST.  MARY'S,  BEVERLET. 

Some  seven  years  ago  I  explored  for  the  first 
time  the  priest's  chambers  belonging  to  this  noble 
perpendicular  church.  The  inner  room,  which,  if 
I  remember  right,  contained  no  furniture  but  an 
old  box  and  a  shelf  or  two,  was  strewn,  and  heaped 
with  antique  books,  folios  and  quartos,  brown, 
wormeaten,  dilapidated.  They  lay  jumbled  toge- 
ther on  the  shelves,  tossed  together  on  the  floor ; 
some  open  ;  all  dusty  and  uncared  for.  The  lat- 
tice stood  wideband  the  wind  and  rain  were  driving 
in ;  the  bindings  of  the  books  were  wet  accord- 
ingly, and  clouds  of  loose  leaves  were  eddying 
about  the  room.  These  books  were  the  remains 
of  the  old  church  library  of  St.  Mary's,  and  this 
was  their  normal  condition. 

After  seven  years  I  returned  to  the  place  last 
September  in  company  with  the  parish  clerk. 
The  window  was  still  open,  but  it  was  not  raining 
this  time,  and  the  books,  such  of  them  as  survive, 
had  been,  by  some  pious  hand,  thrust  piecemeal 
and  sausage-fashion  into  that  same  old  box.  When 
the  lid  was  lifted,  and  the  simoom  of  disturbed  dust 
that  arose  had  been  fanned  away  by  the  clerk's 
coat-tail,  I  spent  my  ten  minutes  in  jotting  down 
the  titles,  as  far  as  I  could  discover  them,  of  the 
topmost  volumes.  Behold  the  random  result :  — 

"  St.  Bernard  on  the  Canticles,  folio. 
"  Crakenthorp's  Logic. 
"Calvini  Op.  (one  vol.  of),  folio. 
"  The  Theologia  Naturalis  of  Raymond  Lebon,  folio. 
"  The  Theatrum  Hist,  lllust.  Exemplorum,  folio. 
"  Sylvester's  Du  Bartas.    (A  fine,  1  think  folio,  copy.) 
"  Guicciardini's   History    of  Florence."    (A  fine  and 
early  Italian  edition.) 


52 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  JAN.  16,  '64. 


Nearly  all  these  were  seventeenth  century  edi- 
tions, and  had  originally  been  noble  copies  and  well 
bound ;  and  everyone  of  them  had  lost  its  title- 
page,  and  few  or  many  of  its  leaves.  As  I  closed 
the  lid,  I  addressed  to  my  companion  certain 
brief,  and  possibly,  caustic  remarks ;  but  he,  re- 
adjusting his  coat-tail  the  while,  in  a  spirit  of 
meekness,  replied,  "  Sir,  it  was  always  so !  Why," 
he  continued,  "  they  used  to  make  bonfires  of  the 
books,  and  I  remember  when  I  was  a  boy  (he 
looks  about  forty  now)  the  clerk  that  was  used  to 
light  the  vestry  fires  with  'em." 

Apres  tout,  what  matters  it?  For,  as  my 
friend  again  remarked,  with  a  sympathetic  snuffle, 
"  T'  books  is  nigh  all  gone  now,  Sir."  A.  J.  M. 

BEVERLEY  MINSTER.  —  I  have  found  the  follow- 
ing lines  on  Beverley  Minster  in  an  old  newspaper 
(date  1836),  and  should  like  very  much  to  know 
who  is  their  author.  They  are  of  considerable 
merit,  and  aptly  describe  that  beautiful  structure, 
the  west  front  of  which  is  perhaps  the  finest  speci- 
men of  the  perpendicular  style  in  England :  — 

"  Built  in  far  other  times,  those  sculptured  walls 
Attest  the  faith  which  our  forefathers  felt, — 
Strong  faith,  whose  visible  presence  yet  remains : 
We  pray  with  deeper  reverence  at  a  shrine 
Hallowed  by  many  prayers.    For  years,  long  years, 
Years  that  make  centuries — those  dimlit  aisles, 
Where  rainbows  play,  from  coloured  windows  flung, 
Have  echoed  to  the  voice  of  prayer  and  praise ; 
With  the  last  lights  of  evening  flitting  round, 
Making  a  rosy  atmosphere  of  hope, 
The  vesper  hymn  hath  risen,  bearing  heaven, 
But  purified  the  many  cares  of  earth. 
How  oft  has  music  rocked  those  ancient  towers, 
When  the  deep  bells  were  tolling ;  as  they  rung, 
The  castle  and  the  hamlet,  high  and  low, 
Obeyed  the  summons :  earth  grew  near  to  God. 
The  piety  of  ages  is  around. 
Many  the  heart  that  has  before  yon  cross 
Laid  down  the  burden  of  its  many  cares, 
And  felt  a  joy  that  is  not  of  this  world : 
There  are  both  sympathy  and  warning  here. 
Methinks,  as  down  we  kneel  by  those  old  graves, 
The  Pott  will  pray  with  us." 

OXONJENSIS. 


quisitely  humorous  portrait  of  Lanthorn  Leather- 
head,  with  his  "  motions "  of  Hero  and  Leander 
and  Damon  and  Pythias,  in  his  comedy  of  Bar- 
tholomew Fair,  is  familiar  to  every  reader  of  the 
old  dramatists.     A  large  circle  of  readers  of  an- 
other class  of  literature   will  remember   how,    a 
century  later,  Steele  and  Addison  celebrated  the 
"  skill  in  motions  "  of  Powell,  whose  place  of  ex- 
hibition was  under  the  arcade  in  Covent  Garden. 
In  April,  1751,  the  tragedy  of  Jane  Shore  was  ad- 
vertised for  representation  at  "  Punch's  Theatre  in 
James-street,  in   the   Haymarket,"   by  puppets ; 
"Punch's  Theatre"  being,  of  course,  located  in 
Hickford's  Room ;  and  other  puppet  exhibitions 
were  announced  at  different  times  during  the  last 
century.   Strutt  (Sports  and  Pastimes,  edit.  Hone, 
1838,  p.  167),  says:  — 

"A  few  years  back  [i.e.  before  1801]  a  puppet-show 
was  exhibited  at  the  Court  end  of  the  town,  with  the 
Italian  title,  Fantoccini,  which  greatly  attracted  the  no- 
tice of  the  public,  and  was  spoken  off  as  an  extraordinary 
performance:  it  was,  however,  no  more  than  a  puppet- 
show,  with  the  motions  constructed  upon  better  prin- 
ciples, dressed  with  more  elegance,  and  managed  with 
greater  art,  than  they  had  formerly  been." 

I  have  a  note  of  an  "Italian  Fantoccini"  hav- 
ing been  exhibited  at  Hickford's  Room  in  Panton 
Street  (the  same  place  as  the  before-mentioned 
"  Punch's  Theatre  in  James-street,"  it  having  en- 
trances in  both  streets),  in  1770;  but  it  is  more 
likely  that  the  exhibition,  referred  to  by  Strutt, 
was  one  which  was  shown  in  Piccadilly  in  1780, 
and  which  continued  open  during  the  greater  part 
of  that  year.  Many  different  pieces,  chiefly  of  an 
operatic  kind,  were  represented;  and  from  the 
advertisements,  which  are  very  numerous,  I  have 
selected  the  following  as  best  explaining  the 
nature  of  the  performance  :  — 


FANTOCCINI. 


Italian  Theatre,  No.  22,  Piccadilly.  At  the  Italian 
Fantoccini,  on  Thursday  next,  will  be  performed  a 
Comedy  in  three  Acts,  called  « The  Transformations ;  or, 
Harlequin  Soldier,  Chimney  Sweeper,  Astrologer,  Statue, 
Clock,  and  Infant.'  End  of  Act  I.  Several  favourite 
Italian  Songs,  Duets/  and  Chorusses.  End  of  Act  II.  A 
Dance  in  Character.  And  End  jf  Act  III.  A  most  mag- 
nificent Representation  of  a  Royal  Camp.  The  whole  to 
conclude  with  a  general  grand  Chorus.  Tickets  at  Five 
^each  may  be  had  as  above,  and  of  Signor 


Micheh,  No.  61,  Haymarket,  where  Places  may  be  taken 

-  -  puppets  have  always  been  amongst     £°m  Eleven  in  the  Forenoon  till  Five  in  the  Evening. 
favourite  amusements  of  the  British  public.     The  Room  is  neatly  fitted  up,  kept  warm,  and  will  be 
.  speak  not  of  that  most  popular  of  wooden  ner-     Illu.m1mated  with  Wax.    The  Doors  to  be  opened  at  Six, 
formers,  Mr.  Punch,  but  of  such  entertainers  as     Je  •     '*  3t  SeV6n  °'Clock  Preciselv-    ' Vivant  Rex  et 
have  aimed  at  the  representation  of  more  re^u- 

Jarly  constructed  dramas.     The  allusions  to  th°em  "  (Tuesdav>  January  18th,  1780.) 

rider  writers  are  numerous;  but  it  will  |  E^l^l?^  5?1  *?•  P^adilly.     This,  and 
here  those  of  Shaksneare.  in  his 


.-  0        — e~.v,a,,  uigmn-  uouieiu,  ana  otner  celebrated 
Composers.    End  of  Act  II.  A  Dance  in  Character.    And 
of  the  Opera,  a  Merry  new  Dance.    To  which  will 


3'dS.  V.  JAN.  16, '64.  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


53 


be  added  a  new  Entertainment,  in  one  Act,  called  '  Har- 
lequin's Love-Triumph,  By  the  Magic  Art.'  With  an 
additional  Farce  of  Harlequin,  while  refreshing  himself 
with  a  Dish  of  Macaroni,  is  surprised  by  the  Appearance 
of  a  Spaniard  from  a  remote  Corner,  who  sings  a  favourite 
Comic  Song.  In  which  Harlequin  will  take  his  Flight 
round  a  Room  of  60  Feet  long  and  40  Feet  wide,  in  a  Man- 
ner truly  surprizing,  and  never  before  exhibited  in 
Europe."  The  whole  of  the  Scenery  and  Machinery  en- 
tirely new.  The  public  is  acquainted  by  the  Managers 
that*  this  valuable  Edifice  is  just  imported  from  Italy ; 
and  is,  in  small  Compass,  the  exact  Model  of  the  superb 
Teatro  Nuovo  at  Bologna,  and  the  Scenery  are  the  Paint- 
ing of  the  celebrated  Bibbiena.  Front  Seats  5*.  Back 
ditto  2*.  6d.  Tickets  may  be  had  as  above,  and  of  Signor 
Micheli,  No.  61,  Haymarket.  Places  may  be  taken  from 
Eleven  in  the  Forenoon  till  Five  in  the  Evening.  The 
Room  is  neatly  fitted  up,  kept  warm,  and  will  be  illu- 
minated with  'Wax.  The  Doors  to  be  opened  at  Half- 
past  Six,  and  to  begin  at  Half-past  Seven  o'Clock  pre- 
cisely. $3T  Any  Ladies  or  Gentlemen  may  have  a 
private  Exhibition  any  Hour  in  the  Day,  by  giving 
Notice  as  above  the  Day  before.  Vivant  Rex  &  Regina. 
"  (Wednesday,  February  23d,  1780.)" 

Signor  Micheli  named  in  these  announcements 
was,  in  all  probability,  a  gentleman  who  held  the 
post  of  copyist  to  the  Opera-house,  at  that  period, 
when  but  few  opera  songs  were  printed  singly, 
and  the  copyist  had  the  privilege  of  supplying  the 
dilettanti  with  manuscript  copies,  a  very  lucrative 
appointment. 

Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q,"  say  which  of  the 
existing  houses  in  Piccadilly  bore  the  No.  22  in 
1780?  The  numbering  of  the  houses  was  altered 
after  the  removal  of  several  for  the  formation  of 
Regent  Circus. 

In  conclusion,  I  may  just  remind  the  reader  of 
the  "  Marionettes  "  exhibited  some  years  since  at 
the  Adelaide  Gallery  behind  St.  Martin's  Church, 
(where  "  Practical  Science  "  has  now  given  way 
to  tea  and  coffee  and  cheap  ices),  and  of  George 
Cruikshank's  admirable  delineation  of  the  itinerant 
Fantoccini  shown  in  the  streets  of  the  metropolis 
in  1825.  W.  H.  HUSK. 


"  ONE  SWALLOW  DOES  NOT  MAKE  A  SUMMER." — 
The  original  of  this  proverb  appears  to  be  the 
Greek — "  Mia  xc\i8wi/  tap  ov  TroteT" — which  we  have 
in  Aristotle,  Ethic.  NIC.  (A);  and  I  think  the 
old  version  is  the  better.  Was  the  form  — "  One 
swallow  does  not  make  a  Spring1' — ever  in  use? 

This  leads  me  to  notice  what  appears  to  me  to 
be  a  singular  omission.  We  are  accustomed  to 
look  upon  the  advent  of  the  swallow  as  one  of  the 
surest  signs  of  returning  Spring ;  and  yet  I  can- 
not, at  present,  recall  a  single  passage  of  our  old 
poets  containing  any  allusion  to  the  swallow  as 
spring's  harbinger.  And  not  only  this,  but  I  find 
the  swallow  connected  more  especially  with  sum- 
mer :  — 

"  The  swallow  follows  not  summer  more  willing,  than 
we,  your  Lordship." 

Shakspeare,  Timon  of  Athens,  Act  III.  Sc.  0. 


A  modern  poet  has  the  same  idea :  — 

"  And  the  swallow  'ill  come  back  again  with  summer 
o'er  the  wave." 

Tennyson's  May  Queen. 

It  is  true  Shakspeare  says  :  — 

daffodils, 

That  come  before  the  swallow  dares,  and  take 
The  winds  of  March  with  beauty ;        .        ." 

Winter's  Tale,  Act  IV.  Sc.  3. 

And  allowance  must  of  course  be  made  for  poetic 
license  ;  but  that  which  strikes  me  as  remarkable, 
is  the  absence  of  passages  connecting  the  swallow 
directly  with  the  first  return  of  spring.  And  I 
shall  be  obliged  if  your  correspondents  will  refer 
me  to  any  such  passages,  if  such  there  be.  No 
poet  has  shown  a  greater  love  for  our  small  birds 
than  Chaucer,  and  yet  he  seldom  mentions  the 
swallow.  The  only  instance  I  can  recollect  is  in 
u  The  Assembly  of  Foules,"  and  that  is  not  com- 
plimentary :  — 

"  The  swalowe,  murdrer  of  the  bees  smale, 
That  makes  honie  of  flowres  fresh  of  hew." 

Perhaps  the  bird's  lack  of  song  was  the  cause 
of  the  poet's  neglect,  for  he  loved  the  small  birds 
for  their  song.  No  one  can  read  Chaucer  without 
noticing  how  he  loved  the  warbling  of  the  little 
feathered  songsters,  especially  in  the  early  morn- 
ing. R.  C.  HEATH. 

DRUIDICAL  REMAINS  IN  INDIA. — After  the  pub- 
lication of  the  Notes  on  the  religion  of  the  Druids 
in  "N.  &.  Q."  (3rd  S.  iv.  485),  it  may  interest 
some  of  your  readers  to  learn  that  throughout,  the 
south  of  India,  situated  in  secluded  spots,  such  as 
mountain  summits,  sequestered  valleys,  and  tracts 
overrun  by  jungle,  are  to  be  found  cromlechs, 
cistvaens,  tolmens,  upright  stones,  double  rings 
of  stones,  cairns  and  barrows,  containing  earthen- 
ware cinerary  urns,  spearheads,  &c.  &c.,  and 
every  other  relic  of  the  Druidical  religion  occur- 
ring in  our  own  country.  They  have  been  exa- 
mined, and  are  fully  described  in  one  of  the 
periodicals  of  the  Madras  Presidency.  They 
furnish  another  interesting  link  in  the  chain  of 
evidence  connecting  the  ancient  inhabitants  of 
Europe  with  those  of  India.  H.  C. 

ANAGRAMS. — A  copy  of  the  Jesuita  Vapulans 
[Lugd.  Bat.  1635]  has  written  upon  a  flyleaf  as 
follows  :  — 

"  ANDREAS  RIVETUS, 
Anagr. 

"  Veritas  res  nuda, 
Sed  natur&  es  vir, 
Vir  natura  sedes, 
E  natura  es  rudis, 
Sed  es  vita  rarus, 
Sed  rure  vanitas, 
In  terra  sua  Deus, 
Veni,  sudas  terra." 

B.  H.  C. 


54 


Q 


TES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  JAN.  16,  '64. 


A  NOTE  ON  NOTES.  —  The  words  of  Captain 
Cuttle,  "  When  found,  make  a  note  of,"  are  often 
quoted,  but  there  is  a  much  older  authority  for 
such  a  quotation :  "  Note  it  in  a  book,  that  it  may 
be  for  the  time  to  come."  Is.  xxx.  S.—City  Press. 

ZACHABY  BOYD. — The  following  notice  of  this 
Scots  worthy,  whose  poetical  version  of  the  Old 
Testament  still  remains  in  MS.,  occurs  in  the 
Commissary  Records  of  Glasgow,  end  of  May, 
1625  :  — 

"Elizabeth  Fleming,  executrix,  confirmed  to  umquhile 
Robert  Fyndley,  Merchant,  and  Mr.  Zacharia  Boyd,  now 
herspous." 


MANUSCRIPT  ENGLISH  CHRONICLE. 

I  have  before  me  a  bound  volume,  containing  a 
MS.  Chronicle  of  England  ;  comprising  103  leaves 
of  vellum,  written  probably  by,  the  same  hand, 
and  22  leaves  of  paper,  by  another. 

The  vellum  is  manifestly  deficient  of  a  leaf  or 
leaves  at  the  beginning,  as  it  commences  in  the 
middle  of  a  sentence,  and  the  first  marginal 
chapter-title,  in  the  (present)  first  page,  is  C°  xx°. 
It  ends  also  with  an  imperfect  sentence,  in 
C  ccxx°. 

The  paper  appears  complete  at  its  beginning. 
The  first  chapter-heading  is  C.  ccxxxiij,  but  it  is 
deficient  at  the  end. 

The  dates  of  the  vellum  run  from,  say,  B.C.  400 
to  A.D.  1345. 

Those  of  the  paper,  from  20  Edw.  Ill,  (say 
1346)  to  the  Battle  of  Agincourt,  1415. 

In  the  vellum,  the  initial  letters  of  the  chapters 
are  fine,  and  finely  illuminated  with  red  and  blue 
ink,  the  decorations  sometimes  occupying  the 
entire  margin  of  a  page ;  and  the  chapter-head- 
ings in  the  outer  margin  are  likewise  red  and 
blue,  and  the  chapter-titles  red. 

In  the  paper  continuation  the  ink  is  inferior ; 
the  chapter-headings,  initials,  and  paragraph 
marks  are  in  red  ink ;  the  handwriting  more 
current  and  neat,  but  less  legible,  at  least  to  me. 

The  following  are  extracts.  Page  1  begins 
with  these  words :  — 

"  heir  unto  the  Realme  bot  he  was  not  of  strengths. 
Bot  neverthelesse  this  Donebaude  ordeyned  him  a  great 
power  and  conquered  (loegrins?)  and  than  this  Done- 
baude wente  into  Bcotlande  for  to  conquer  it.  Bot 
Seatter  (Scortter?)  the  king  thereof  assembled  a  grete 
power  of  hys  people  and  of  WalLshemen  whos  ruler  was 
onePudah  (Rudah?  Rudak?).  Bot  Seatter  and  Rudak 
•was  slaine  and  then  this  Donebaude  toke  feialte  and 
homage  of  the  cuntree  and  reigned  thair  in  peace  and 
quiete  that  many  yeres  afore  it  was  not  soe. 

[In  red  ink]  "  Howe  Donebaud  was  the  first  king  that 
evr  wered  crowne  of  golde  in  Britaine  wl  honour  and 
wumhypp." 

(P.  102.)  "  In  the  yere  of  our  Lorde  MCCCXXXVII  and 
of  King  Henry  XII.  [«tc:  it  was  Edw.  III.]  In  the 


moneth  of  Marche,  at  a  Plemt  holde  at  Westminster, 
King  Edwarde  made  of  the  Erledom  of  of  [«'<?]  Corne- 
walle  a  Duchie,  and  gave  it  unto  Sir  Edwarde  his  first 
sonne,  and  he  gave  him  also  the  erledom  of  Chester,  and 
he  made  vi  erles,  that  is  to  say,  Sir  Henry  the  Erles  son 
of  Lancaster  was  made  Erie  of  Leyxfar  [  PLancaster], 
William  Bouyhon  (Bohun),  Erie  of  Northampton,  Wil- 
liam Mountaleyn  [Mountacute],  Erie  of  Salysbury,  Hugh 
of  Arundele,  Erie  of  Gloucester,  Robert  Ufford,  Erie  of 
Suffolk,  William  of  Clynton,  Erie  of  Hunteyndon,  &c. 
&c.  &c."  [Howe  puts  this  in  1336.] 

"  Howe  Kyiig  Edwarde  came  to  Sleus  (?)  and  discom- 
fyte  alle  the  power  of  France. 

"  And  in  the  xv  yere  of  Kyng  Edwardys  raigne  King 
Edwarde  comaunde  fro  that  tyme  forthe  for  to  wryte  in 
hys  wryttes  and  all  hys  other  wrytinge  the  date  of  hys 
reygne  of  France  the  furste,  and  so  he  wrote  unto  hys 
lordes  of  Englonde,  sptell  and  temporell,  and  thanne  he 
come  againe  into  Englonde  with  the  quene  and  hyr 
childn,  and  soone  after  yat  he  wente  agayne  into  France 
for  to  warre  upon  the  King  of  France,  the  whiche  had 
assembled  and  ordered  to  him  a  grete  power  of  Almane 
of  (potovins?),  and  at  Slurs  they  mette  together  and 
foughte  sore,  when  was  killed  xxxiij  menne  of  the  kinge 
[power?]  of  France,  &c.  &c.  &c." 

I  should  be  glad  to  learn  whether  the  Chronicle 
is  a  known  one,  and  whether  it  has  been  printed. 
The  handwritings  indicate  that  the  MSS.  were 
respectively  produced  at  or  soon  after  the  last 
periods  to  which  they  refer ;  and  the  style  of 
narrative,  in  each  case,  towards  the  end,  would 
lead  to  the  belief  that  the  writers  were  contem- 
poraneous with  the  facts  they  record,  W.  P.  P. 


BARONESS.  — Is  the  daughter  of  a  Freiherr  en- 
titled to  be  addressed  as  baroness  in  England? 
In  Germany  the  address  is  Fraulein,  or  Miss. 
Which  is  correct  ?  ABRACH. 

Berlin. 

THE  BLOODY  HAND.  —  James  I.  granted  the 
arms  of  Ulster  as  an  honourable  augmentation  to 
be  borne  by  "  the  baronets  and  their  descendants." 
Out  of  this  concession  arise  two  questions: — Is 
the  word  descendants  to  be  interpreted  as  in- 
cluding those  not  in  tail  to  the  baronetcy — daugh- 
ters, for  example,  and  their  children  ?  If  so  to  be 
interpreted,  is  the  concession  limited  to  the  de- 
scendants of  baronets  of  1612?  For  example,  a 
baronet  of  Anne's  creation  has  a  son  and  daughter: 
Does  the  daughter  bear  the  bloody  hand  within 
her  lozenge?  Does  her  husband  retain  it  in  her 
coat  which  he  impales  ?  Her  brother  dies,  and 
she  becomes  her  father's  heiress :  Does  her  hus- 
band bear  the  bloody  hand  in  the  escutcheon  of 
pretence  which  thereupon  he  assumes,  and  does  it 
appear  in  the  children's  quarterings  P  E.  STIRPE. 

BOOKS  or  MONUMENTAL  INSCRIPTIONS. — Where 
shall  I  find  a  list  of  the  different  collections  of 
monumental  inscriptions  which  have  been  pub- 
lished ?  Of  course,  I  am  well  acquainted  with 
such  as  Weever,  Le  Neve,  Parsons,  Gough,  &c. 


3'd  S.  V.  JAN.  16,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


55 


There  is  a  list  of  some  of  the  principal  collections 
in  Sims's  Genealogists'  Manual. 

GEORGE  W.  MARSHALL. 

ALFRED  BUNN.— Where  was  this  comedian  born, 
and  when  ?  His  mother  died  in  Dublin.  Was 
her  son  an  Irishman?  Bunn's  father  was  an 
officer.  Of  what  rank?  In  what  regiment?  Bunn 
died  a  Roman  Catholic.  Had  he  been  educated 
at  Stonyhurst,  Ushaw,  or  any  other  Roman 
Catholic  college  ?  What  were  the  leading  facts 
of  his  life  before  he  became  lessee  of  the  Theatre 
Royal  Birmingham  in  1826  ? 

I  ask  merely  for  information's  sake,  with  no 
unfriendly  purpose.  Many  persons  must  be  quite 
familiar  with  all  the  incidents  of  his  career.  Bunn 
published  a  volume  of  poems  in  1816.* 

QUERIST. 

THOMAS  COOK,  alderman  of  Youghal,  is  men- 
tioned as  the  author  of  MS.  Memoirs  of  that  town 
("  N.  &  Q."  2nd  S.  xii.  310).  Information  re- 
specting him  will  be  acceptable.  I  particularly 
wish  to  ascertain  at  what  period  he  lived. 

S.  Y.  R. 

CROMWELL.  —  Is  it  generally  known  that  Sir 
Marcus  Trevor  was  created  at  the  Restoration  Vis- 
count Dungannon,  for  his  signal  gallantry  in 
wounding  Oliver  Cromwell  at  the  battle  of  Mar- 
ston  Moor  ?  His  daughter  was  the  second  wife 
of  an  ancestor  of  the  late  Lord  Dungannon,  by 
whose  death  without  issue  the  title  has  again  be- 
come extinct.  E.  H.  A. 

CULLUM.  —  I  am  anxious  to  ascertain  whether 
Sir  William  Cullum,t  the  first  Baronet,  had  any 
relative  named  Dorothy  Cullum,  and  who  "  Master 
John  Archer  "  was,  to  whom  he  bequeathed  a  ring, 
with  the  inscription  "  ASJS  :  T.C  so  shall  thee  "  .* 

S. 

ENIGMA.  —  Will  some  one  of  your  fair  readers 
give  the  solution  of  the  following,  by  the  cele- 
brated Earl  of  Surrey  ? 

"  A  Lady  gave  a  gift,  which  she  had  not, 
And  I  received  her  gift,  which  I  took  not : 
She  gave  it  me  willingly,  and  yet  she  would  not ; 
And  I  received  it,  albeit  I  could  not : 
If  she  gives  it  me,  I  force  not, 
And  if  she  takes  it  again,  she  cares  not, 
Construe  what  this  is,  and  tell  not ; 
For  I  am  fast  sworn,  I  may  not." 

J.  L. 

Dublin. 

ENGLISH  TOPOGRAPHY  IN  DUTCH. — 

"  In  A  Description  of  England  and  Scotland,  written  in 
High  Dutch,  and  printed  at  Nuremberg,  1659,  Maps  of 
the  principal  towns  are  given,  -which  are  generally  pretty 
correct;  but  Stafford  is  represented  as  a  walled  town, 
with  drawbridge  and  port-cullis,  and  seven  hills  in  the 


[*  See  p.  309  of  our  last  volume  for  some  notices  of 
the  biography  of  Alfred  Bunn. — ED.] 

[t  Sir  Thomas  Cullum  was  the  first  Baronet.  Wotton's 
Baronetage,  ii.  20.— £D.] 


distance,  and  Rutland  has  a  citadel  and  artillery." — (To- 
pographical Notes,  by  John  Ridley,  M.A.,  London,  1762, 
p.  17.) 

Was  Stafford  ever  walled,  or  Oakh  am  fortified? 
Any  fuller  account  of  the  book  printed  at  Nurem- 
berg, or  information  where  I  can  see  a  copy,  will 
oblige  T.  P.  E. 

FOWLS  WITH  HUMAN  REMAINS. — About  twelve 
years  ago,  during  the  construction  of  the  new 
docks  at  Great  Grimsby,  Lincolnshire,  I  was  pre- 
sent at  the  exhumation  of  some  human  remains, 
on  the  banks  of  the  Humber.  They  were  found  a 
short  distance  above  the  highwater  line,  beneath 
six  feet  of  sand,  and  one  or  two  feet  of  clay,  which 
appeared  to  have  been  the  original  surface  before 
the  deposition  of  the  sand.  They  consisted  of  the 
perfect  skeleton  of  a  figure  of  small  stature,  and 
were  laid  east  and  west.  There  were  no  remains 
of  any  metallic  or  other  substances  in  connection 
with  them ;  but  under  the  left  arm  were  the  bones 
of  a  fowl,  a  cock  apparently,  from  the  long  spurs 
on  the  legs.  Can  any  of  your  readers  inform  me, 
through  your  columns,  whether  similar  instances 
have  occurred  of  the  bones  of  fowls  being  found 
in  juxtaposition  with  human  remains,  and  to  what 
people  and  customs  they  may  be  referred  ? 

J.  D.  MACKENZIE,  Captain. 

"  THE  LEPROSY  OF  NAAMAN."  —  Can  any  one 
acquainted  with  the  literary  history  of  Leeds 
inform  me  who  is  author  of  this  sacred  drama  (by 
J.  C.)  Leeds,  1800  ?  It  seems  to  have  been  the 
production  of  a  very  young  author,  and  contains 
at  the  end  a  few  pieces  of  poetry.  The  editor  of 
this  little  book  mentions  that  the  juvenile  author 
had  written  another  sacred  drama  on  the  subject 
of  Joseph.  R.I. 

NICHOLAS  NEWLIN. —  Can  any  of  your  Irish 
readers  give  me  any  information  respecting  the 
family,  arms,  &c.  of  Nicholas  Newland,  subse- 
quently written  Newlin,  of  Mount  Mellick, 
Queen's  co.  Ireland,  afterwards  of  Concord  and 
Birmingham,  in  Pennsylvania,  Esq.?  He  was  a 
Quaker  and  a  gentleman  of  good  family,  as  will 
appear  from  books  of  that  time,  and  came  to 
Pennsylvania  in  1683  with  William  Penn.  He 
was  a  friend  of  Penn's,  and  soon  after  his  arrival 
was  made  one  of  the  provincial,  or  governor's 
council,  and  a  Judge  of  the  Common  Pleas. 

The  council  was  at  this  time  (1685)  the  supreme 
legislative,  judicial,  and  executive  bodjr.  His 
son,  Nathaniel  Newlin  of  Concord,  Birmingham, 
and  Newlin,  Esq.,  was  a  Justice  of  the  County 
Courts,  a  Member  of  the  Provincial  Assembly, 
Commissioner  of  Property,  Trustee  of  the  General 
Loan  Office  of  the  province,  &c.  He  was  one  of 
the  largest  landed  proprietors  in  the  colony. 

|  Newlin  township,   in   Chester  county,  was  first 

j  owned  by,  and  called  after,  him. 

JAMES  W.  M.  NEWLIN. 
No.  1009,  Pine  Street,  Philadelphia. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


.  V.  JAN.  16,  '64. 


NORTHUMBRIAN  (ANGLO-SAXON)  MONEY.— 
Mr.  Bruce,  in  his  invaluable  work  on  the  Roman 
Wall,  says,  at  p.  433  of  the  edition  of  1851,— 

"  Saxon  money  is  found  in  Northumberland  of  a  date 
coeval  with  the  arrival  of  that  people." 

Will  Mr.  Bruce  kindly  describe  that  Saxon 
money  in  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q-"  C. 

ORDER  OF  ST.  JOHN  OF  JERUSALEM.— Who  are 
the  publishers  of  Sir  R.  Broun's  Synoptical  Sketch 
(3rd  S.  iii.  270),  and  Sir  G.  Bowyer's  Ritual  of 
Profession,  frc.  (ib.  note  to  p.  450.)  R-  W. 

PAINTER  TO  His  MAJESTY.  —  Not  finding  any 
list  of  those  who  filled  this  post,  can  you  inform 
me  who  was  the  person  herein  referred  to  ?  — 

"In  1700,  upon  a  vacancy  of  the  king's  painter  in  Scot- 
land, he  (Michael  Wright)  solicited  to  succeed,  but  a 
shopkeeper  was  preferred."  —  Walpole's  Anecdotes,  frc., 
Wornum's  edition,  1862.  p.  474. 

W.  P. 

POCKET  FENDER  (3rd  S.  iii.  70.)  — 

"  He  travels  with  a  pocket  fender." 

"  Pocket  toasting-forks  have  been  invented,  as  if  it 
was  possible  to  want  a  toasting-fork  in  the  pocket ;  and 
even  this  has  been  exceeded  by  the  fertile  genius  of  a 
celebrated  projector,  who  ordered  a  pocket-fender  for  his 
own  use,  which  was  to  cost  200Z.  The  article  was  made, 
but  as  it  did  not  please,  payment  was  refused.  An  action 
was  in  consequence  brought,  and  the  workman  said  upon 
the  trial  that  he  was  very  sorry  to  disoblige  so  good  a 
customer,  and  would  willingly  have  taken  the  thing  back, 
but  that  really  nobody  except  the  gentleman  in  question 
would  ever  Avant  a  pocket  fender. 

"  This  same  gentleman  has  contrived  to  have  the  whole 
set  of  fire-irons  made  hollow  instead  of  solid.  To  be  sure 
the  cost  is  more  than  twenty-fold,  but  what  is  that  to  the 
convenience  of  holding  a  few  ounces  in  the  hand  when 
you  stir  the  fire,  instead  of  a  few  pounds?  This  curious 
projector  is  said  to  have  taken  out  above  seventy  patents 
for  inventions  equally  ingenious  and  important."  —  Es- 
priella  (Southey),  Letters  from  England,  London,  1807, 
vol.  i.  p.  185. 

Who  was  the  gentleman  ?  Was  there  any  such 
trial  ?  At  that  time  the  plaintiff  could  not  have 
made  the  statement  as  above  described,  as  he 
could  not  have  been  a  witness  when  a  party. 

J.  M.  K. 

PUMICE  STONE. — In  a  note  to  Garth's  Ovid's 
Art  of  Love,  in  vol.  iii.  of  Poetical  Translations 
(no  date  or  editor  given),  I  read  on  the  lines  — 
"  But  dress  not  like  a  fop,  nor  curl  your  hair, 
Nor  with  a  pumice  make  your  body  bare" — 

"  The  use  of  the  Pumice  Stone  is  very  ancient ;  the 
Romans  plucked  up  their  hair  with  it,  and  the  book- 
binders now  smooth  their  covers  with  it  ....  The 
peasants  in  some  parts  of  England  take  off  their  beards 
with  it,  instead  of  a  razor." 

What  date  could  this  have  been  at?  And  was  it 
with  the  pumice  stone  that  the  ancient  Britons 
removed  their  beards  ?  W.  P.  P. 

REFERENCES  WANTED.  —  !.  Alexander,  being 
asked  where  he  would  lay  his  treasure,  answered^ 
among  his  friends ;  being  confident  that  there  it 


would  be  kept  with  safety,  and  returned  with  in- 
terest. 

2.  When  or  by  whom  was  the  phrase  "  Per- 
fervidum  ingenium  Scotorum"  first  employed  as 
embodying  a  peculiar  characteristic  of  the  Scot- 
tish nation  ?  VECTIS. 

SPANISH  DROUGHT. — 

"  There  is  a  tradition  that  in  the  great  drought  of 
Spain,  which  lasted  a  quarter  of  a  century,  the  rivers 
were  dried  up  and  .the  cracks  of  the  earth  were  so  wide 
and  deep  that  the 'fire  of  Purgatory  was  visible  through 
them.  Allusions  to  this  are  frequent  in  the  old  Spanish 
romances." — Notice  of  Baretti's  Travels  in  General  Maga- 
zine, December,  1772. 

I  wish  to  know  if  there  is  any  historical  record 
of  this  drought,  and  shall  be  glad  of  any  reference 
to  the  poets  who  mention  it.  J.  M.  K. 

TORRINGTON  FAMILY.  —  In  the  north  transept 
of  Great  Berkhampstead  church  is  a  handsome 
monument,  *'  whereon,"  says  Weever,  "  the  shape 
of  a  man  in  knightly  habiliments,  with  his  wife 
lying  by  him,  are  cut  in  alabaster."  These  are 
said  to  be  the  memorials  of  Richard  and  Margaret 
Torrington,  who  lived  early  in  the  fourteenth 
centurv.  Is  anything  further  known  respecting 
them?"  C.J.It. 


HALIFAX  LAW.  —  I  find  in  Motley's  United 
Netherlands  (i.  444),  the  following  passage,  oc- 
curring in  a  letter  written  by  Leicester  to 
Burghley :  — 

"  Under  correction,  my  good  Lord,  I  have  had  Halifax 
law — to  be  condemned  first,  and  inquired  upon  after." 

I  have  often  heard  of  that  peculiar  kind  of  trial 
as  applicable  to  Jedburgh,  whence  the  term 
"  Jedburgh  justice;"  but,  with  the  exception  of 
the  gibbet  law,  I  have  not  read  of  any  peculiarity 
attached  to  Halifax,  and  shall  feel  obliged  by  any 
one  referring  me  to  any  other  instance  by  any 
author  in  which  Halifax  law  is  mentioned  in  the 
same  spirit  as  Leicester  quotes  it;  and  judging 
by  the  manner  in  which  he  uses  the  phrase,  it 
would  seem  to  have  been  proverbial  in  his  time. 

T.  WILSON. 

28,  Southgate  Halifax. 

[There  was  a  slight  difference  between  the  Jedburgh 
and  Halifax  law,  although  the  mode  of  procedure  by 
the  latter  was  not  very  satisfactory  to  the  poor  crimi- 
nal. The  inhabitants  within  the  forest  of  Hardwick 
claimed  a  right  or  custom,  from  time  immemorial,  that  if 
a  felon  be  taken  with  goods  to  the  amount  of  13£d.  stolen 
within  their  liberty,  after  being  carried  before  the  lord's 
bailiff  and  tried  by  four  frith-burgers,  from  four  towns 
within  the  said  precinct,  he  was,  on  condemnation,  to  be 
executed  on  the  next  market-day.  But  after  his  execu- 
tion a  coroner  was  to  take  the  verdict  of  a  jury,  and 


3«i  S.  V.  JAH.  16,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


57 


sometimes  of  those  who  condemned  him.    The  instru 
inent  or  process  of  execution,  similar  to  the  noted  French 
guillotine,  was  denominated  "  Halifax  gibbet  law."    See 
Bentley's  Halifax,  and  its  Gibbet  Law  placed  in  a  true 
Light,  12mo,  1761.] 

CHARLES  LEFTLEY. — The  following  elegant 
lyric  was  given  to  me,  many  years  ago,  by  a  per- 
son of  considerable  poetical  taste,  who  told  me  it 
was  written  by  "  Leftley."  I  neglected  then  to 
inquire  who  Leftley  was  ;  but  I  should  be  glad  if 
any  of  your  correspondents  could  give  informa- 
tion as  to  who  he  was,  and  whether  any  of  his 
writings  were  published,  and  are  now  in  ex- 
istence ? 

The  style  of  this  little  lyric  is  so  truly  aerial 
and  Shakspearian,  that  it  reminds  one  of  Ariel's 
song  in  the  Tempest — "Where  the  bee  sucks, 
there  suck  I "  :  — 

"  TO  THE  ZEPHYK,  BY  LEFTLEY. 

"  Zephyr,  whither  art  thou  straying? 

tell  me  where? 
With  prankish  girls  in'gardens  playing, 

False  as  fair? 

A  butterfly's  light  back  bestriding? 
Queen  bees  to  honeysuckles  guiding? 
Or  on  a  swinging  harebell  riding, 

Free  from  care  ? 
"  Before  Aurora's  car  you  amble, 

High  in  air ! 
At  noon  with  Neptune's  sea-nymphs  gamble ; 

Braid  their  hair. 

Now  on  tumbling  billows  rolling; 
Or  on  the  smooth  sands  idly  strolling ; 
Or  in  cool  grottoes,  listless  lolling, 

You  sport  there ! 
"  To  chase  the  moonbeams  up  the  mountains, 

You  prepare ; 
Or  dance  with  elves  on  brinks  of  fountains, 

Mirth  to  share! 

Now  with  love-lorn  lilies  weeping : 
Now  with  blushing  rose-buds  sleeping, 
While  fays,  from  forth  their  chambers  peeping, 
Cry,  '  Oh  rare ! '  " 

C.  H. 

[Charles  Leftley  was  educated  at  St.  Paul's  School, 
and  subsequently  employed  as  parliamentary  reporter  to 
The  Times.  A  constitution  naturally  weak  was  soon 
impaired  by  his  constant  exertions  of  mind  and  body :  a 
decline  ensued,  and  he  died  in  1797,  aged  twenty-seven. 
For  farther  particulars  of  him  consult  the  following 
work :  "  Sonnets,  Odes,  and  other  Poems,  by  the  late 
Mr.  Charles  Leftley,  together  with  a  short  Account  of 
his  Life  and  Writings.  By  William  Linley,  Esq.,  Lond. 
12mo,  1815."  This  work  is  noticed  in  the  Gent.  Mag.  for 
June  1815,  p.  536.] 

PSALM  xc.  9.  —  Our  Prayer-Book  version  (and 
the  Bible  version  is  to  the  same  effect)  runs  thus  : 
"  We  bring  our  years  to  an  end,  as  it  were  a  tale 
that  is  told."  What  is  the  authority  for  this  trans- 
lation  ?  The  Septuagint  version  is  as  follows  : 

"  ra  tTTj  fyuwf  wfffi  apaxvy  e/JifXeTUv"      The  Vulgate 

says :  "  Anni  nostri  sicut  aranea  meditabuntur." 


De  Sacy  has  this  paraphrase :  "  Nos  annees  se 
passent  en  des  vaines  inquietudes  comme  celle  de 
1'araignee."  Wycliffe's  rendering  is  curious. 
Has  ireyn  found  its  way  into  any  of  our  archaic 
glossaries  ?  He  says :  "  Oure  yeris  as  an  ireyn 
shul  be  bethoyt."  JAMES  DIXON. 

[The  old  ireyn  is,  no  doubt,  equivalent  to  irain  and 
arain,  aranye  and  arrow,  which  in  our  language  formerly 
signified  a  spider  (aranca).  It  would  appear,  then,  that 
Wycliffe  intended  to  follow  the  version  of  the  LXX.  and 
the  Vulgate.  For  this  rendering,  we  are  unable  to  as- 
sign a  shadow  of  authority ;  but  the  passage  is  obscure, 
as  it  stands  in  the  original  Hebrew. 

It  will  be  remarked  that,  in  our  Authorised  Version, 
the  passage  stands  thus — "  As  a  tale  that  is  told :"  where 
the  last  three  words,  being  italicised,  are  intended  as 
explicative,  and  have  nothing  that  corresponds  to  them 
in  the  Hebrew.  Moreover,  in  the  marginal  renderings, 
for  "  as  a  tale  "  we  find,  "  Or,  as  a  meditation,'" — which  is 
perhaps  the  better  rendering  of  the  two.  In  Halliwell  we 
find  irain,  arain,  aranye,  and  arran,  but  not  ireyn.] 

DISSOLUTION  OF  MONASTERIES,  ETC.  —  Arch- 
bishop Laud,  in  his  Diary,  under  the  date  of 
1622,  June  22,  &c  ,  observes  :  — 

"I  saw  two  books  in  folio  of  Sir  Robert  Cotton's.  In 
the  one  was  all  the  Order  of  the  Reformation  in  the  time 
of  Hen.  VIII.  The  original  letters  and  dispatches  under 
the  King's  and  Bishops',  &c.,  own  hands.  In  the  other, 
were  all  the  preparatory  letters,  motives,  &c.,  for  the 
suppression  of  the  Abbies :  their  suppression  and  value, 
in  the  originals.  An  extract  of  both  which  books  I  have 
per  capita" 

Are  these  in  existence,  and  have  they  been 
printed?  W.  P. 

[The  two  books  consulted  by  Abp.  Laud  are  now 
among  the  Cottonian  manuscripts  in  the  British  Museum, 
Cleopatra,  E.  iv.  v.,  and  entitled  "  A  volume  of  papers 
and  letters  (most  of  them  originals)  relating  to  Monas- 
teries, and  the  Dissolution  of  them  in  the  time  of  Henry 
VIII." — "A  collection  of  papers,  chiefly  originals,  con- 
cerning the  Reformation  of  the  Church  in  the  reign  of 
King  Henry  VIII.,  many  of  them  corrected  by  the  King's 
own  hand."  For  the  contents  of  each  volume  see  the 
Catalogue  of  the  Cottonian  Library,  pp.  589—596.  Much 
of  the  former  MS.  has  been  printed  in  the  volume  edited 
by  Mr.  Wright  for  the  Camden  Society.] 

HIORNE,  THE  ARCHITECT.  —  A  tower  in  Arun- 
del  Park  is  called  Hiorne's  Tower,  from  the  name 
of  the  architect  called  in  seventy  years  ago  by  the 
then  Duke  of  Norfolk  to  rebuild  Arundel  Castle. 
He  also  built  the  tower  of  St.  Mary's  church,  Nor- 
wich. Can  any  of  your  readers  give  an  account  of 
him,  where  he  was  born,  where  .he  died,  and  his 
Christian  name  ?  AN  INQUIRER. 

[F.  Hiorne,  who  was  architect  to  Charles,  Duke  of 
Norfolk,  and  built  the  three-cornered,  or  triangular  tower, 
in  the  park,  recently  used  as  an  armoury  for  the  Arundel 
Yeomanry,  was  an  architect  at  Warwick,  and  then  at 
Birmingham,  at  the  early  part  of  the  present  century.]] 


58 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


V.  JAN.  16,  '64. 


COPYING  PARISH  REGISTERS.— Will  any  corre- 
spondent of  "N.  &  Q-"  tell  me  if  I  have  a  right 
to  make  copies  of  parish  registers  (if  accompanied 
by  the  parish  clerk  to  see  that  I  do  not  mean 
mischief),  without  being  compelled  by  the  incum- 
bent to  have  certified  copies,  and  to  pay  2s.  7«. 
for  each  of  them  ?  K-  R«  c- 

[There  is  no  right  to  take  extracts,  or  to  make  copies: 
the  legal  right  is  limited  to  inspection,  and  to  a  compari- 
son of  the  certified  extract  with  the  original,] 


RELIABLE. 
(2nd  S.  iii.  28,  93,  155,  216;  3rd  S.  iv.  437,524.) 

The  word  reliable  was  so  fully  discussed  in 
"  N.  &  Q."  2n<^  S.  that  I  almost  wonder  at  your 
reopening  the  question.  Having  done  so,  how- 
ever, doubtless  you  will  give  me  a  small  space  to 
reply  to  some  points  in  F.  C.  H.'s  letter. 

If  you  remember,  Sir,  the  very  same  objections, 
far  better  put,  though  with  much  less  strong  lan- 
guage, were  brought  against  this  word  as  have 
been  now  reiterated.  The  beginning  of  the 
discussion  rose  from  a  letter  by  ALPHA  in  the 
Athenaeum.  Then  the  controversy  seemed  to  be 
carried  on  by  the  Athenfeum  versus  The  Times. 
("  Slipshod  newspaper  writers.")  Now  the  Athe- 
naum  itself  comes  m  for  its  share  of  polite  lan- 
guage. 

First,  then,  I  am  at  a  loss  to  know  how  this 
word  can  be  a  vile  "  compound."     I  thought  that 
it  being  a  word  quite  incapable  of  composition 
was  its  one  fault ;  but  no,  it  has  another,  it  ap- 
pears, for,  says  F.  C.  H.,  such  a  word  as  reliable 
ought  to  mean  "  disposed  to  rely  upon,"  appli 
cable  only  to  such  amiable  "  persons.      "  It  is  a 
gross  perversion  of  language  to  use  it  in  the  sense 
of  anything  to  be  relied  upon."     So  I  suppose 
Credible,  which  I  have  proved  incontrovertibly 
to  be  an  exactly  corresponding  word,  of  the  same 
form  and  sense,  and  suffering  from  the  same  ac- 
knowledged defect,  must  mean  "  disposed  to  be- 
lieve "  ;  batable  (=  debateable)  disposed  to  bate 
or  fight ;  amabilifi,  disposed  to  love,  not  loveable 
but  amore  abundant ;  cum  multis  aliis.     If  it  were 
not  for  what  comes  after,  I  should  have  though 
that  a  sentence,  so  unintelligible,  must  have  been 
incorrectly  printed.    ALPHA  and  many  others  have 
stated  that  -ble,  -able,  always   are  equivalent  t< 
passive  infinitives.     This  I  showed  by  numerou 
examples  to  be  a  mistake.     Now  we  are  told  tha 
it  is  a  gross  perversion  to  make  one  particula 
example  anything  else  than  a  weak  future  par 
ticiple  active.     "  Disposed  to,"  F.  C.  H.  shouh 
really  explain  what  this  sentence  means,  for  t 
the  uninitiated  it  seems  to  lack  sense  altogether. 


The  reason  given  by  the  supporters  of  the  word 
.  Jiable  for  its  use  is,  that  it  is  a  most  convenient 
vord,  perfectly  intelligible,  and  now  really  under- 
tood  by  all,  and  that  it  expresses  z  particular 
hade  of  meaning  not  to  be  found  in  any  other 
.vord.     This  is  uniformly  denied,  and  usually  the 
vord  trustworthy  is  proposed  as  a  synonyme  ;  but 
his  word  does   riot   express  the  exact  shade  of 
meaning;    for   it    applies    properly  to    persons, 
whereas  we  want  a  word  to  express  the  same  of 
kings.     It   is   an   unthoughtful   and   inaccurate 
sxpression  to  speak  of  a  thing  being  worthy  of 
rust ;  and  so  thoughtful  writers  want  a  word  to 
uit  the  idea  of  a  "  thing  to  be  relied  on."  F.  C.  H. 
waxes   very  bold  upon  this  point.     "  We  can," 
says  he,  "  use  in  the  same  sense  a  host  of  legiti- 
mate expressions ;  in  fact,  our  language  abounds 
with  words  expressive  of  the  meaning  to  which  ^ 
his  vile  compound  has  been  so  lamentably  ap- 
plied."   And  yet  I  venture  to  affirm  that  he  has 
lot  adduced  a  single  instance.     But  then  in  place 
thereof  he  has  given  us  a  good  long  string  of 
words  which  have  a  perfectly  different  significa- 
tion.    Quantity  must  make  up  for  quality.     Such 
as  they  are,   then,   let  us  glance  through  them. 
We  can  proclaim  a  person  or  a  source  of  informa- 
tion to  be  — 

1.  Trusty.— Yes,  of  a  person  ;  no,  of  a  thing. 

2.  Credible.  — Of  a  person  or  fact.     True ;  but 
the  word  is  in  Latin  at  least  as  defective  as  re- 
liable. 

3.  Veracious. — Applied  to  a  fact  would  be  utter 
nonsense.*  Veracious  means  speaking  truth. 

4.  Authentic.— Absurd  of  persons,  and  nihil  ad 
rem  in  any  way.     The  facts  might  be  authentic 
but  quite  unreliable. 

5.  Respectable.  —  These  men  are  respectable; 
these  facts  are  respectable.     Would  anyone  trans- 
late either  expression  into  worthy  of  being  relied 
upon  ? 

6.  Undeniable.' —  "  The   persons   I  shall   next 
produce,  my  lud,  are  undeniable."     His  lordship 
would  be  a  clever  fellow  if  he  made  much  out  of 
it.    Again :  these  facts  are  undeniable,  would  be 
sense,   but  would  not  mean  the  same  as  unre- 
liable. 

7.  Indisputable.— The  same.    Witnesses  being 
indisputable  is  not  sense.  If  it  means  anything,  it 
must  be  such  as  cannot  be  disputed  against, — as 
vile  a  word,  therefore,  as  reliable. 

8.  What  are  we  to  say  of  an  undoubted  wit- 
ness ?    Has  the  word  ever  been  used  in  the  sense 
of  trustworthy  ?   I  trow  not.    We  all  know  what 
undoubted  facts  are.      We  can  rely  upon  them 
certainly,  because  they  are  undoubted  and  cer- 
tain, but  the  reliableness  is  not  even  hinted  at  in 
the  word  undoubted. 

9.  Incontrovertible  can  surely  never  be  used  of 
persons.     It  may  well  be  used  of  facts,  but  then 
it  also  suffers  from  the  same  defect  as  No.  8.     It 


3'd  S.  V.  JAN.  16,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


59 


expresses  much  more  than   reliable,   though  it 
does  not  give  the  exact  shade  of  meaning  at  all. 

In  conclusion,  I  can  only  say  that  I  think  this 
word  has  caused  a  great  deal  of  causeless  irrita- 
tion and  stormy  language — language  showing  far 
worse  taste  than  the  use  of  this  word  which  I  have 
shown  before  to  be  only  one  out  of  many,  and  quite 
as  well  formed  as  many  words  in  Latin  and  English, 
which  have  been  used  at  all  times  by  the  best 
writers.  J.  C.  J. 


SIR  ROBERT  GIFFORD, 
(3rd  S.  iv.  429.) 

In  answer  to  the  query  of  your  correspondent 
as  to  the  politics  of  this  worthy  man  and  sound 
lawyer,  perhaps  the  following  facts,  coming  from 
one  that  knew  him,  may  not  be  unacceptable  :  — 

Sir  Robert  Gifford,  like  many  other  able  law- 
yers, is  now  forgotten.  His  appearance  on  the 
trial  of  Queen  Caroline  was,  although  on  the 
unpopular  side,  remarkably  brilliant.  It  was 
neither  so  rhetorical  or  eloquent  as  that  of  his 
opponent,  Brougham,  but  it  was  powerful  and  to 
the  point,  and  worthy  of  the  position  he  held  as 
Attorney- General. 

He  was  a  Tory  from  the  time  of  his  first  ap- 
pearance, and  was  never  a  "  rat."  He  rose  from 
the  ranks,  and  in  attaining  his  ultimate  high  sta- 
tion, had  no  aid  from  political  jobbery  or  aris- 
tocratic connections.  He  early  attracted  the 
notice  of  Lord  Eldon  for  his  ability  as  a  lawyer. 
Latterly,  from  holding  briefs  in  Scottish  cases,  he 
acquired  a  sound  knowledge  of  the  law  of  that 
country.  Then,  as  now,  the  peers  had  been, 
grumbling  at  the  vast  quantities  of  appeals  from 
the  North  ;  and  as  Lord  Eldon,  even  with  the 
aid  of  Lord  Redesdale,  could  not  master  them,  it 
became  a  matter  of  serious  consideration  how  to 
dispose  of  them. 

Thus  it  was  that  Sir  Robert  was  pitched  upon 
by  the  ministry  to  abate  the  evil,  and  as  Deputy 
Speaker  of  the  House  of  Lords,  to  hear  and 
decide  them.  It  was  at  one  time  thought  that 
Sir  Robert  should  only  have  a  life-rent  peerage  ; 
but  the  expediency  as  well  as  legality  of  such  a 
measure  was  doubted  by  sound  constitutional 
lawyers.  Indeed  it  was  generally  rumoured  that 
on  the  thing  being  suggested  to  the  proposed  life- 
rent  nobleman,  it  was  without  hesitation  declined. 
He  had  been  raised  to  the  Bench  as  Lord  Chief 
Justice  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  January  8, 
1824,  and  created,  January  30,  a  Peer  of  the  Realm 
by  the  style  and  title  of  Baron  Gifford  of  St. 
Leonard's,  in  the  county  of  Devon.  In  April  he 
resigned  his  office  as  Chief  Justice,  and  was  ap- 
pointed Master  of  the  Rolls.  His  decisions  in 
Scotch  cases  gave  general  satisfaction ;  and  as  he 
was  somewhat  more  rapid  in  giving  judgment 


than  Lord  Eldon  was,  he  very  soon  disposed  of 
the  greater  portion  of  the  arrears.  His  lordship 
died  prematurely  on  Sept.  4,  1826,  to  the  great 
regret  of  his  friends  and  to  the  loss  of  his  country, 
for  he  was  both  an  able  and  impartial  judge.  As 
he  was  born  Feb.  24,  1779,  he  was  therefore  in 
the  forty-seventh  year  of  hig  age. 

Lord  Gifford  was  a  good-looking  man  ;  mild  in 
his  general  demeanour,  and  courteous  to  counsel ; 
a  kind  husband,  and  an  affectionate  father.  He 
married  as  soon  as  his  circumstances  would  admit, 
and  he  was  fortunate  in  the  object  of  his  choice, 
for  Lady  Gifford  was  as  amiable  as  she  was  beau- 
tiful. She  was,  if  I  [mistake  not,  a  clergyman's 
daughter.  His  eldest  son,  and  inheritor  of  his  peer- 
age, married  a  daughter  of  the  Lord  Fitzhardinge, 
a  nobleman  whose  claim  to  be  Baron  Berkely  by 
tenure  was,  we  are  inclined  to  think,  somewhat 
hastily  disposed  of  some  short  time  since  by  a 
Committee  of  Privileges.  J.  M. 


MRS.  FITZHERBERT. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  411,  522.) 

I  am  quite  unable  to  answer  M.  F.'s  inquiry  as 
to  whether  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  had  a  child  either  by 
her  first  husband,  Mr.  Weld,  or  her  second,  Mr. 
Fitzherbert ;  but  if  not,  the  child  introduced  into 
the  caricatures  referred  to  by  M.  F.  is  probably 
an  allusion  to  a  piece  of  scandal  current  at  the 
time,  and  which  was  given  to  the  public  in  a 
pamphlet  entitled  Nemesis,  or  a  Letter  to  Alfred. 
By  *  *  *  *.  There  is  no  date,  but  there  can  be 
little  doubt  that  it  was  published  in  1789,  inas- 
much as  it  contains  an  affidavit  by  the  Rev. 
Philip*  Wither,  stating  that  it  reached  him  by 
the  Penny  Post ;  that  he  was  totally  ignorant  of 
the  author,  and  that  he  believed  every  part  of  it 
to  be  strictly  true,  except  so  much  of  it  as  related 
to  himself.  ^  The  affidavit  is  dated  Feb.  11,  1789. 
The  following  passage  gives  Nemesis'  scandalous 
account  of  Mrs.  Fitzherbert :  — 

'The  first  time  the  Prince  saw  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  was 
in  Lady  Sefton's  box  at  the  Opera,  and  the  novelty  of 
her  face,  more  than  the  brilliancy  of  her  charms,  had  the 
usual  effect  of  enamouring  the  Prince.  But  he  had  not 
to  do  with  a  raw,  unpractised  girl.  An  experienced 
dame,  who  had  been  twice  a  widow,  was  not  likely  to 
surrender  upon  common  terms.  She  looked  forwards 
towards  a  more  brilliant  prospect  -which  her  ambition 
might  artfully  suggest,  founded  upon  the  feeble  character 
of  an  amorous  young  Prince.  She  adopted  the  stale  arti- 
Sce  of  absenting  herself  for  some  months,  and  went  to 
Plombiers,  in  Lorrain,  where  she  contracted  an  intimacy 
with  the  Marquis  de  Bellevoye,*  with  whom  she  with- 
drew for  some  time,  and  lived  in  the  greatest  familiarity. 
The  consequence  of  this  intercourse  was  a  necessity  of 


*  Reputed  the  handsomest  man  in  France  before  he  was 
shot  in  the  face,  but  that  accident  cooled  Mrs.  Fitzher- 
bert's  passion. — Note  in  Original. 


60 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3^  g.  v.  JAN.  16,  '64. 


retiring  to  Paris,*  where,  by  means  of  her  two  Scotch 
Toad-eaters,  the  scandalous  transaction  was  industriously 

"  Lest  the  matter  should  come  to  the  ears  of  the 
Prince,  it  was  thought  right  to  come  to  England  imme- 
diately, and  by  Mr.  Bouverie  and  Mr.  Errington's  assi- 
duitv,  the  marriage  was  concluded.  Whether  in  Grafton 
Street  or  Cleveland  Square  shall  be  fully  disclosed.  Her 
relations,  particularly  her  uncle,  Mr.  Farmer  and  Mr. 
Throgmorton,  were  first  proud  of  the  event ;  but  since 
the  publication  of  your  book,  they  have  been  very  shy 
upon  the  subject. 

"The  Marquis  came  over  last  winter,  and  became 
known  to  the  Prince.  Mrs.  Fitzherbert,  fearing  a  disco- 
very, spoke  of  him  as  a  man  unworthy  the  Prince's  ac- 
quaintance. The  Marquis,  piqued,  demanded  the  two 
thousand  pounds  she  had  borrowed  from  him;  she  re- 
fused to  pay  him  unless  he  gave  up  her  letters,  with  her 
notes  of  hand,  which  he  refused.  She  then  sent  Anthony 
St.  Leger  and  Weltje  to  negociate;  and  after  much  de- 
bate, by  means  of  the  Abbe'  Lechamp,  the  matter  was 
compromised  for  the  sum  of  two  hundred  pounds ;  but 
the  letters  were  not  given  up,  and  may  hereafter  be  pub- 
lished to  the  disgrace  of  a  P  *  *  *  *  who  stands  in 
so  eminent  a  relation  with  respect  to  this  country.  Her 
brother  Wat  Smith,  whom  she  had  ill-treated,  divulged 
many  of  the  secrets,  but  he  has  been  lately  silenced  by  a 
large  sum  of  money.  Immense  sums  have  been  lavished 
in  trinkets,  and  much  is  due  to  Gray  and  Castlefranc  on 
her  account.  The  expenses  of  puffing  paragraphs  in  her 
favour,  and  of  suppressing  others  against  her,  have 
amounted  to  large  sums,  which  must  come  out  of  the 
public  purse 

"  She  has  correspondence  in  France  through  the  Gros 
Abhd,  the  Duke  of  Orleans's  bastard  brother,  and  through 
Abbe'  Taylor,  and  some  Irish  Friars  in  many  parts  of 
Italy,"  &c. 

A  charge  so  gross  could  not  pass  unnoticed  by 
the  lady.  The  Rev.  Philip  Wither,  who  styled 
himself  "  Chaplain  to  Lady  Dowager  Hereford," 
and  was  a  writer  of  political  and  polemical  tracts, 
was  indicted  for  libel,  found  guilty,  sentenced  to 
imprisonment  in  Newgate,  and  died  there  before 
the  term  of  his  imprisonment  had  expired. 

T.  S. 


ST.  PATRICK  AND  THE  SHAMROCK. 
(3rd  S.  v.  40.) 

^  Though  no  one  is  bound  to  believe  the  tradi- 
tion of  St.  Patrick  and  the  Shamrock,  it  is  not 
to  be  summarily  disposed  of  as  attempted  in  the 
article  referred  to  above.  This  is  the  first  time 
I  have  heard  that  any  one  considered  the  subject 
as  a  weak  invention  of  the  enemy ;  though  this 
correspondent  declares  that  he  has  always  so  con- 
sidered it.  I  am  perfectly  at  a  loss  to  conceive  why 
he  should  so  consider  it.  It  is  a  very  respect- 
able tradition,  very  widely  received,  very  firmly 
believed,  very  respectably  defended,  and  very 
warmly  cherished  by  a  whole  nation,  and  many 


*  Does  the  author  design  to  insinuate  that  Plombiere 
was  unable  to  furnish  a  midwife,  and  the  other  accom- 
modation necessary  for  a  lady  obedient  to  the  divine 
command — increase  and  multiply  ? — Note  in  Original. 


others  for  many  centuries.  What  could  any 
enemy  to  Christianity  have  hoped  to  gain  by  in- 
venting such  a  story  ?  We  may  perhaps  guess 
what  MR.  PINKERTON  would  assign  for  his  mo- 
tives, as  he  seems  to  consider  the  tradition  unten- 
able, because  St.  Patrick  was  too  much  of  "  a 
Christian,  a  man  of  common  sense,  and  ordinary 
ability,"  to  have  recourse  to  such  an  expedient. 
Now  I  should  maintain  exactly  the  reverse,  and 
contend  that  it  was  precisely  because  the  saint 
was  such  a  man,  that  he  was  most  likely  to  employ 
the  Shamrock  as  he  is  believed  to  have  done. 

He  laboured  to  convert  a  rude,  illiterate  nation 
of  Pagans  to  the  belief  of  the  sublime  truths  of 
Christianity.  What  more  natural,  when  he  incul- 
cated the  belief  in  the  great,  fundamental  doctrine 
of  the  Blessed  Trinity,  than  to  employ  an  object 
calculated  to  facilitate  in  some  degree  to  their 
uncultured  minds  the  belief  of  the  mysterious 
Trinity  ?  As  a  "  Christian,"  he  would  be  anxious 
to  gain  their  souls  to  Christ,  and  gladly  take  up  a 
simple  plant  to  help  to  illustrate  his  divinity.  As 
a  "  man  of  common  sense,"  he  would  see  that  the 
easiest  way  to  enlighten  their  rude  minds  would 
be  to  adopt  some  very  simple  image,  which  their 
capacity  could  readily  take  in  ;  and  as  a  man  of 
"  ordinary  ability,"  he  would  employ  that  ability 
in  choosing  an  illustration  most  likely  to  produce 
the  effect  which  he  desired.  Certainly  every  one 
knows  that  no  material  substance  can  be  com- 
pared to  the  divine  mystery  of  the  Trinity ;  but 
this  St.  Patrick  never  attempted.  He  used  the 
shamrock,  not  in  comparison  with  the  mystery, 
but  as  some  sort  of  illustration,  however  feeble 
and  imperfect,  to  soften  the  difficulty  for  the  poor 
^Pagans,  which  it  was  well  calculated  to  do.  For 
myself,  I  am  free  to  own,  that  being  a  "Christian," 
and  I  hope  "  a  man  of  common  sense  "  to  boot, 
were  I  engaged  to  preach  Christianity  now  to  a 
nation  of  heathens,  I  should  readily  make  use  of 
any  such  illustration;  and  am  confident  that  it 
would  greatly  facilitate  their  belief  in  the  divine 
mystery  of  the  Blessed  Trinity. 

The  well-known  name  of  Herb  Trinity  given  to 
the  Anemone  hepatica,  on  account  of  the  three 
lobes  of  its  leaf,  shows  that  other  Christians  and 
men  of  common  sense,  besides  St.  Patrick,  have 
found  plants  with  similar  leaves,  in  some  degree 
symbolical  of  the  adorable  Trinity.  F.  C.  H. 


I  send  you  these  few  lines  merely  with  the 
view  of  informing  MR.  W.  PINKERTON  that  I 
really  see  no  reason  why  he  should  express  his 
surprise  on  finding  "  that  CANON  DALTON  takes 
up  the  subject  in  a  serious  manner." 

What  was  the  subject?  I  sent  a  Query,  to 
know  on  what  foundation  rested  the  ancient 
tradition,  that  St.  Patrick  made  use  of  the  Sham- 
rock to  illustrate  the  Blessed  Trinity  ?  F.  C.  H. 


.  V.  JAN.  16,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


61 


answered,  with  his  usual  kindness,  to  the  effect 
that,  though  the  tradition  was  ancient  and  vene- 
rable, there  seemed  to  be  no  historical  foundation 
for  it. 

ME.  PINKERTON  now  comes  forth,  and  calls 
the  tradition  an  "  absurd,  if  not  egregiously  ir- 
reverent story."  Why,  I  cannot  understand, 
except  that  he  appears,  in  his  first  paragraph,  to 
have  made  a  very  strange  mistake  :  these  are  his 
words :  — 

"  For,  surely,  it  must  be  evident  to  the  meanest  capa- 
city, that  neither  as  a  symbol,  argument,  nor  illustration, 
can  any  material  substance,  natural  or  artificial,  be  com- 
pared to  the  Divine  Mystery  of  the  Trinity  in  Unity." 

Thus  your  correspondent  supposes  that  St. 
Patrick  compared  the  Shamrock  to  the  mystery 
of  the  Trinity  !  Surely  there  must  be  some  mis- 
take. Is  there  not  a  great  difference  between 
comparing  the  Shamrock  to  the  Blessed  Trinity, 
and  making  use  of  it  merely  as  a  faint  illustra- 
tion of  Three  distinct  Persons  united  in  one 
Divine  Person  ?  This  latter  is  all  that  the  tradi- 
tion affirms ;  hence,  I  cannot  see  the  least  absur- 
dity in  supposing  the  Saint  to  have  made  use  of 
the  Shamrock  for  this  purpose. 

MB.  PINKERTON  refers  to  the  well-known  trea- 
tise of  St.  Augustine  De  Trinitate.  There  the 
Saint  makes  use  of  an  illustration  to  explain,  in  an 
imperfect  manner,  the  teaching  of  the  Church  on 
the  adorable  Mystery  of  the  Blessed  Trinity.  He 
mentions  that,  as  there  are  three  Persons  in  one 
God,  so  the  three  distinct  powers  of  the  Soul  — 
the  Will,  the  Memory,  and  the  Understanding — 
is  an  emblem  or  illustration  of  the  Trinity.  Now, 
I  maintain  that  these  two  different  illustrations, 
made  use  of  by  St.  Patrick  and  St.  Augustine, 
are  far  from  being  absurd  or  "  egregiously  irre- 
verent." J.  DALTON. 


Without  interfering  in  the  discussion  as  to  St. 
Patrick  and  the  Shamrock,  which  I  am  content 
to  leave  in  CANON  DALTON'S  hands,  I  beg  to  point 
out  to  MR.  PINKERTON  that  the  appearance  of  the 
fleur-de-lys  on  the  mariner's  compass  has  no 
bearing  at  all  upon  his  case.  His  words  are  these 
(p.  41):- 

"  It "  (the  fleur-de-lys)  "  also  appears  on  the  mariner's 
compass  and  the  pack  of  playing  cards;  two  things 
which,  however  essentially  different,  are  still  the  two 
things  that  civilisation  has  most  widelv  extended  over 
the  habitable  globe." 

I  will  not  pause  to  examine  the  exactness  of 
the  assertions  contained  in  this  extract.  My  only 
object  in  this  reply  is  to  mention  the  facts  which 
concern  the  fleur-de-lys. 

The  fleur-de-lys  appears  on  the  mariner's  com- 
pass, because  Gioia  invented,  or  perfected,  it. 
Moreri  says :  — 

"  Gioia  (Jean)  natif  d'Amalphi  dans  le  Royaume  de 
Naples,  ayant  ou'i  parler  de  la  vertu  de  la  pierre  d'Aimant, 


s'en  servit  dans  ses  navigations,  et,  peu  &  peu,  &  forces 
d'experiences,  il  inventa  et  perfectionna  la  Boussole. 
Pour  marquer  que  cet  instrument  avoit  e'te'  invente'  par 
un  sujet  des  Rois  de  Naples,  qui  etoient  alors  Cadets  de 
la  Maison  de  France  de  la  Branche  des  Comtes  d'Anjou, 
il  marqua  le  Septentrion  avec  une  Fleur-de-lys,  ce  qui  a 
etc'  suivy  par  toutes  les  nations." 

Moreri  gives  no  date  to  Gioia.  But  the  Tablettes 
Chronologiques  of  the  Abbe  Lenglet  du  Fresnoy 
place  him  under  the  year  1302.  It  is  true  that 
Du  Fresnoy  says,  "  II  paroit  par  Guyot  de  Pro- 
vins,  Poeta  Fran9ois  de  la  fin  du  xii  siecle,  que 
la  Boussole  etoit  des-lors  en  usage  en  France." 
But,  if  that  statement  is  true,  it  only  carries  the 
fleur-de-lys  to  the  place  from  which  Anjou  and 
Naples  obtained  it.  And  if,  as  is  usually  sup- 
posed, playing  cards  "  were  extended  over  the 
habitable  globe  "  from  France,  the  appearance  of 
the  fleur-de-lys  upon  them  is  taken  back  to  the 
same  source,  and  the  value  of  both  these  instances 
will  be  determined  by  the  value  of  the  French 
fleur-de-lys  itself  as  an  instance. 

The  introduction  of  the  well-known  incident  in 
the  life  of  St.  Augustine  does  not  seem  very  appo- 
site, and  not  a  sufficient  excuse  for  the  expressions 
"  absurd,  if  not  egregiously  irreverent,"  which  I 
regret  to  see  in  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  as  used 
by  MR.  PINKERTON.  D.  P. 

'Stuarts  Lodge,  Malvern  Wells. 


QUOTATION  :  "  AUT  TU  MORUS  ES,"  ETC.  (3rd  S. 
iv.  515.) — J.  W.  M.  will  find  the  required  quota- 
tion in  Dr.  King's  "  Supplement  to  the  Life  of 
Sir  Thomas  More  "  (printed  in  extenso  in  Faulk- 
ner's Chelsea,  vol.  i.  p.  113  —  "  Ayscough's  Cat. 
MSS.  Brit.  Mus.  No.  4455  "  is  the  reference  given 
in  the  foot  note.) 

The  passage  at  length  is  as  follows  :  — 
"  Sir  Thomas  being  one  day  at  my  lord  mayor's  table, 
word  was  brought  him,  that  there  was  a  gentleman, 
who  was  a  foreigner,  inquired  for  his  lordship  (he  being 
then  Lord  Chancellor);  they  having  nearly  dined,  the 
Lord  Mayor  ordered  one  of  his  officers  to  take  the  gen- 
tleman into  his  care,  and  give  him  what  he  best  liked. 
The  oflicer  took  Erasmus  into  the  lord  mayor's  cellar, 
where  he  chose  to  eat  ojTsters  and  drink  wine  (as  the 
fashion  was  then)  drawn  into  leathern  jacks  and  poured 
into  a  silver  cup.  As  soon  as  Erasmus  had  well  refreshed 
himself,  he  was  introduced  to  Sir  Thomas  More.  At  his 
first  coming  in  to  him,  he  saluted  him  in  Latin. 

Sir  Thomas  asked  him,  Undevenis? 
Erasmus.  Ex  inferis. 
Sir  Thomas.  Quid  ibi  agitur  ? 
Erasmus.  Vivis  vescuntur  et  bibunt  ex  ocreis. 
Sir  Thomas.  An  noscis  ? 
Erasmus.  Aut  tu  es  Morus  aut  null  us. 
Sir  Thomas.  Et  tu  es  aut  deus,  aut  daemon,  aut  meus 
Erasmus." 

WALTER  RYE. 
King's  Road,  Chelsea. 

The  words  "  Aut  tu  es  Morus  aut  nullus,"  are 
those  of  Erasmus ;  and  the  retort  "  Aut  tu  es 


62 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  JAN.  16,  '64. 


Erasmus  aut  diabolus  "  are  those  of  Sir  Thomas 
More. 

Amongst  his  other  eminent  acquaintance,  he 
(More)  was  particularly  attached  to  Erasmus. 
They  had  long  corresponded  before  they  were 
personally  known  to  each  other.  Erasmus  came 
to  England  for  the  purpose  of  seeing  his  friend ; 
and  it  was  contrived  that  they  should  meet  at  the 
Lord  Mayor's  table  before  they  were  introduced 
to  each  other.  At  dinner  they  engaged  in  argu- 
ment. Erasmus  felt  the  keenness  of  his  antago- 
nist's wit;  and  when  hard  pressed,  exclaimed, 
"  You  are  More,  or  nobody,"  the  reply  was, 
"  You  are  Erasmus,  or  the  devil."  (Gallery  of 
Portraits,  L.  U.  K.  ii.  27.)  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

STORQUE  (3rd  S.  iv.  475.) — Does  not  Ogygius, 
in  calling  his  victim  "  my  stork  "  taunt  him  with 
the  excess  of  trropyfi  he  has  displayed  ? 

In  the  copy  of  Randolph's  posthumous  Poems, 
1638,  in  the  British  Museum,  the  following -ana- 
gram of  the  name  of  Richard,  Lord  Weston, 
Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer,  created  Earl  of 
Portland  in  1632,  is  written  on  a  flyleaf:  — 

"  Vir  durus  ac  honestus. 
Richardus  Westonus, 
Vir  durus  ac  bonus. 
"  Te  licet  durum  vocat  ac  honestum, 
Xominis  foelix  anagramma  vestri, 
Sis  tamen  quasi  mini  mite  durus, 

Valde  et  honestus. 

"Allthough  your  Lordshippe's  happy  annagraffifne, 
Give  you  of  hard  and  honest  both  the  name, 
Yet  let  that  hard  (I  praye  you)  fall  on  mee 
Gently,  and  pay  mee  with  your  honesty. 

THO.  RANDOLPH." 

As  Randolph  died  in  1634,  and  the  Poems  were 
published  by  his  brother  after  his  death,  I  am  at 
a  loss  to  understand  this  flyleaf  inscription. 

JOB  J.  B.   WOBKARD. 

HERALDIC  VISITATIONS  PRINTED  (3rd  S.  iv.  433.) 
The  Visitation  of  London,  taken  by  Robert 
Cooke,  Clarenceux,  1568,  has  recently  been  edited 
from  MS.  Harl.  1463,  by  MR.  J.  J.  HOWARD  and 
MB.  J.  G.  NICHOLS, 

JOB  J.  BARDWELL  WOH&ARD,  M.A. 

CLEBK  or  THE  CHEQUE  (3rd  S.  iv.  43,  417)  is 
an  omcerinthe  King's  Court,  so  called  because  he 
hath  the  check  and  controlment  of  the  yeomen  of 
the  guard,  and  all  other  ordinary  yeomen  belonging 
either  to  the  king,  queen,  or  prince ;  giving  leave, 
or  allowing  their  absence  in  attendance,  or  di- 
minishing their  wages  for  the  same :  he  also,  by 
himself  or  deputy,  takes  the  view  of  those  that 
are  to  watch  in  the  court,  and  hath  the  settin"  of 
the  watch.  33  Hen.  VIII.  c.  12.  Also  there  is 
an  officer  of  the  same  name  in  the  king's  navy  at 
Plymouth,  Deptford,  Woolwich,  Chatham,  &c. 
19  Car.  II.  c.  1.  (Jacob's  Law  Dictionary,  1772, 
*"*>  wee-)  W.  I.  S.  HORTON. 


QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (3rd  S.  iv.  474,  498,  &c.) 
The  lines  commencing  — 

«'  Few  the  words  that  I  have  spoken 

are  by  the  Rev.  J.  Moultrie,  Rector  of  Rugby, 
and  appear  in  the  volume  of  Poems  published  by 
him. 

In  Bishop  Alley's  Commentary  on  St.  Peter's 
Epistles,  the  lines  —  * 

"  Hoc  est  nescire,  sine  Christo  plurima  scire ; 
Christum  si  bene  scis,  satis  est,  si  castera  nescis  " 

are  thus  rendered  :  — 

"  To  know  much  without  Christ  is  nothing  expedient ; 
But  well  to  know  Christ  is  onely  sufficient." 

The  original  source  of  the  thought  I  am  unable 
to  indicate. 

What  authority  has  J.  L.  for  calling  the  couplet 
an  epitaph  ?  C.  J.  R. 

"  God  and  the  doctor,"  &c. 

The  following  lines  by  Quarles  convey  the  same 
sentiment :  — 

"  Our  God  and  soldier  we  alike  adore, 
Ev'n  at  the  brink  of  ruin,  not  before ; 
After  deliv'rance  both  alike  requited, 
Our  God's  forgotten,  and  our  soldier's  slighted." 

I  have  heard  the  lines  as'  quoted  by  T.  C.  B.,  but 
fancy  they  are  only  a  version  of  the  above. 

W.  I.  S.  HORTON. 

VIXEN  :  FIXEN  (3rd  S.  iv.  389,  463.) — In  looking 
through  Gammer  Gurton's  Needle  (printed  1575, 
or,  according  to  Oldys,  as  quoted  by  Hawkins, 
1551)  in  Dodsley's  Old  Plays,  I  have  discovered 
the  word  "  fixen  "  twice  used  — 

"  That  false  fixen,  that  same  dame  Chat,"  &c. 

Act  III.  Sc.  2. 

"  Ah,  Hodge,  Hodge,  where  was  thy  help,  when  fixen 
had  me  down?  "—Act  III.  Sc.  3. 

JOHN  ADDIS. 

ROB.  BURNS  (3rd  S.  iv.  497.)— Watt's  Biblio- 
iheca  Britannica  is  far  from  an  immaculate  work, 
and  I  venture  to  think  the  Caledonian  Musical 
Museum  of  1809,  there  ascribed  to  the  younger 
Burns,  is  among  the  compiler's  errors  of  commis- 
sion. A  book  under  that  title  is  mentioned  by 
Lowndes  under  "  Songs,"  with  a  portrait  of 
Burns ;  this,  with  the  probability  that  it  is  (in 
common  with  a  host  of  books,  under  the  titles 
Caledonian  Musical  Repository,  Edinburgh  Mu- 
sical Museum,  &c.  &c.),  full  of  the  lyrics  of  the 
Ayrshire  bard,  is,  I  presume,  its  only  connection 
with  the  name  of  Burns. 

That  Robert  Burns,  Jun.,  in  early  life  had  an 
inclination  for  his  father's  divine  art,  we  know ; 
but  Chambers — one  of  the  latest  of  the  poets' 
biographers,  tells  us  that  although  he  wrote  a 
few  songs  and  some  pieces  of  miscellaneous  poetry 
of  considerable  merit,  his  removal  in  1804  to 
London  repressed  his  literary  aspirations,  which 


fr*  S.  V.  JAN.  16,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


63 


were   ultimately   crushed   out   by  a  long  life  of 
routine  drudgery  at  the  Stamp  Office.          J.  O. 

BRETTINGHAM  (3rd  S.  iv.  458.) —Thanks  to 
MESSES.  COOPER  for  the  dates  of  the  death,  &c.  of 
this  architect  and  of  his  son.  Can  they  furnish  the 
date  of  death  and  place  of  burial  of  Robert  Furze 
Brettingham,  also  an  architect,  and  supposed  to 
have  been  a  nephew  of  the  father  above  named, 
and  whom  he  appears  to  have  succeeded  in  the 
art  ?  The  latest  date  of  him  given  in  the  profes- 
sional account  in  the  Dictionary  of  Architecture, 
is  that  of  1805,  when  he  resigned  his  official  post 
in  the  Board  of  Works,  but  was  probably  in  prac- 
tice much  later,  as  he  was  then  only  about  forty- 
five  years  of  age.  WYATT  PAPWORTH. 

SHAKSPEARE  AND  PLATO  (3rd  S.  iv,  473.) — 

"  It  is  truly  singular,"  says  Coleridge,  "  that  Plato, 
genuine  prophet  and  anticipator  as  he  was  of  the  Pro* 
testant  Christian  Era,  should  have  given,  in  his  Dialogue 
of  the  Banquet,  a  justification  of  our  Shakspeare ;  for  he 
relates  that,  when  all  the  other  guests  had  either  dis- 
persed or  fallen  asleep,  Socrates  only,  together  with  Ari- 
stophanes and  Agathon,  remained  awake;  and  that, 
while  he  continued  to  drink  with  them  out  of  a  large 
goblet,  he  compelled  them,  though  most  reluctantly,  to 
admit  that  it  was  the  business  of  one  and  the  same 
genius  to  excel  in  tragic  and  comic  poetry,  or  that  the 
tragic  poet  ought,  at  the  same  time,  to  contain  within 
himself  the  powers  of  comedy." — Remains,  vol.  xi.  p.  12. 

c. 

LAUREL  WATER  (3rd  S.  v.  11.)  — 

"  In  the  observations  on  Donellan's  case  contained  in 
Mr.  Townsend's  Life  of  Justice  Buller  (Lives  of  English 
Judges,  p.  14),  the  following  statement  is  made :  — « In  his 
(Donellan's)  library  there  happened  to  be  a  single  number 
of  the  Philosophical  Transactions;  and  of  this  single  num- 
ber the  leaves  had  been  cut  only  in  one  place,  and  this 
place  happened  to  contain  an  account  of  the  making  of 
laurel  water  by  distillation.'  Nothing  is  said  of  this  in  the 
reports  of  the  trial.  It  is  something  like  the  evidence  in 
Palmer's  case  about  the  note  on  strychnine  in  the  book, 
although  much  stronger."  —  Stephen's  General  View  of 
the  Criminal  Law  of  England,  1863,  p.  348  n. 

R.  R.  DEES. 

Wallsend,  Newcastle-on-Tyne. 

I  have  a  copy  of  the  Toilet  of  Flora,  which  I 
procured  through  a  notice  of  "  Books  Wanted  " 
in  "  N.  &  Q."  There  is  no  mention  in  it  of  laurel 
water ;  but  in  a  work  published  nearly  half  a 
century  prior  to  that— namely,  the  Supplement  to 
Mr.  Chambers's  Dictionary  of  Arts  and  Sciences, 
1753,  the  poisonous  quality  of  laurel  water  is  no- 
ticed under  the  article  "  Lauro-Cera^us,"  the 
author  there  observes :  "  This  was  discovered  in 
Dublin  by  the  accident  of  two  women  dying  sud- 
denly after  drinking  some  the  distilled  laurel 
water."  Several  experiments  were  then  made  by 
Drs.  Madden  and  Mortimer,  and  communicated 
to  the  Royal  Society.  See  Phil.  Trans.  Nos.  418, 

SEPTIMUS  PIESSE,  F.C.S. 

Chiswick. 


I  possess  a  small  8vo,  printed  for  J.  Murray, 
32,  Fleet  Street,  and  W.  Nicoll,  St.  Paul's  Church- 
yard, 1779,  entitled  The  Toilet  of  Flora.  I  am 
afraid  AN  INQUIRER  will  not  obtain  the  informa- 
tion he  expects  from  the  book*  The  only  mention 
of  laurel  water  is  at  p.  1,  in  the  following  terms  : — 

uAn  Aromatic  Bath. — Boil  for  the  space  of  two  or  three 
minutes  in  a  sufficient  quantity  of  river  water,  one  or 
more  of  the  following  plants— viz.  laurel,  thyme,  rose- 
mary, wild  thyme,  &c.,  &c. ;  or  any  other  herbs  that  have 
an  agreeable  scent.  Having  strained  off  the  liquor  from 
the  herbs,  add  to  it  a  little  brandy  or  camphorated  spirits 
of  wine.  This  is  an  excellent  bath  to  strengthen  the 
limbs ;  it  removes  pains  proceeding  from  cold,  and  pro- 
motes perspiration." 

A.  F.  B. 

PHOLEY  (3rd  S.  v.  12.)  —  The  Pholeys,  better 
known  as  Foulahs,  are  well  described  in  Mungo 
Park's  first  Travels  in  Africa.  He  speaks  of 
them  in  several  parts  of  his  book  as  he  happened 
to  come  among  them.  They  are  found  near  the 
Gambia,  and  in  all  the  kingdoms  of  the  windward 
coast  of  Africa.  They  are  of  a  tawny  complexion, 
with  silky  hair  and  pleasing  features.  They  are 
of  a  mild  disposition,  and  retain  their  own  lan- 
guage, though  most  of  them  have  some  knowledge 
of  Arabic.  They  are  employed  in  husbandry ; 
have  large  herds  and  flocks,  and  use  milk  chiefly 
as  their  diet,  but  not  till  it  is  quite  sour.  They 
make  butter,  but  not  cheese.  They  also  possess 
excellent  horses,  fhe  breed  of  which  seems  to  be  a 
mixture  of  the  Arabian  with  the  original  African. 
See  Mungo  Park's  Travels  in  Africa  in  1795-6-7, 
chapters  ii.  iv.  xir.  F.  C.  H. 

PENNY  LOAVES  AT  FUNERALS  (3rd  S.  v.  35.)  — 
Whether  the  custom  of  distributing  penny  loaves 
at  funerals  still  exists  at  Gainsborough,  I  do  not 
know  ;  but  the  other  question  of  ROBERT  KEMPT 
is  very  readily  answered.  He  asks  what  was  the 
origin  of  this  custom.  It  was  the  pious  practice 
of  our  ancestors  to  direct  in  their  wills  that  doles 
of  bread  or  other  alms  should  be  given  to  the 
poor  at  their  funerals,  whereby  they  performed 
a  double  act  of  charity,  relieving  the  corporal 
wants  of  the  poor,  and  securing  their  prayers  for 
the  repose  of  their  own  souls.  This  custom  not 
only  prevailed  in  England  till  the  change  of  reli- 
gion in  the  sixteenth  century,  but  has  been  kept 
up  among  Catholics  ever  since.  I  could  point  out 
many  recent  instances  where  sums  of  large  amount 
have  been  distributed  in  loaves  of  bread  to  the 
poor  at  the  funerals  of  wealthy  Catholics.  There 
can  be  no  doubt  that  the  custom  at  Gainsborough 
is  a  remnant  of  this  ancient  practice.  F.  C.  H. 

TRADE  AND  IMPROVEMENT  OF  IRELAND  (3rd  S. 
v.  35.)  —  Arthur  Dobbs  published  a  second  part 
of  his  Essay  on  the  Trade  and  Improvement  of 
Ireland  in  1731,  8vo.  There  is  no  account  of 
him  in  Chalmers's  Biographical  Dictionary,  but 
your  correspondent  may  find  a  short  notice  of 


64 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3*d  S.  V.  JAN.  16,  '64. 


him  in  McCulloch's  Literature  of  Political  Eco- 
nomy (1845,  8vo,  p.  46),  taken  from  a  note  by 
George  Chalmers  in  his  copy  of  Dobbs's  Essay. 
There  is,  however,  a  fuller  biography  of  Arthur 
Dobbs  in  George  Chalmers's  valuable  "  Lives  of 
the  Writers  on  Trade  and  Political  Economy," 
which  is  a  storehouse  of  information  on  the  sub- 
ject. It  is  in  manuscript  in  my  possession,  form- 
ing a  thick  4to  volume,  and  has  never  yet  been 
published.  JAS.  CEOSSLEY. 

The  second  part  of  Arthur  Dobbs's  Essay  on  the 
Trade  and  Improvement  of  Ireland  was  published 
at  Dublin  in  1731.  Both  parts  of  the  work  have 
recently  been  reprinted  in  vol.  ii.  of — 

"A  Collection  of  Tracts  and  Treatises  illustrative  of 
the  Natural  History,  Antiquities,  and  the  Political  and 
Social  State  of  Irefand,  at  various  Periods  prior  to  the 
present  Century :  in  Two  Volumes."  Dublin,  1861,  8vo. 

All  the  above-mentioned  works  are  in  the 
library  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin.  'AAteus. 

Dublin. 

ARMS  OF  SAXONY  (3rd  S.  v.  12.)  —  The  writer 
of  the  Query  entitled  "  The  Prince  Consort's 
Motto,"  expresses  his  opinion  that  the  white  horse 
of  Saxony  is  derived  from  a  passage  in  the  Book 
of  Revelations  (xix.  11).  The  armorial  bearing 
in  question  is,  without  doubt,  of  a  date  long  ante- 
rior to  the  era  of  the  Reformation.  The  Horse 
was  the  emblem  on  the  standard  of  the  earliest 
Saxon  invaders  of  the  South  of  England,  and  is 
preserved  in  the  names  of  the  Saxon  leaders 
Hengist  (German,  Hengst  =  Stallion)  and  Horsa 
(our  "  Horse  "  and  the  German  "  Ross.")  We 
find  it  again  in  the  arms  of  Kent.  Those  Saxon 
invaders  most  probably  were  of  the  same  race  as 
the  present  inhabitants  of  Hanover  and  West- 
phalia, if  we  may  judge  from  their  speaking  the 
"  Platt-deutsch,"  or  Low  German,  which  is  the 
same  branch  of  the  Teutonic  from  which  the 
Anglo-Saxon  was  descended.  Further,  the  arms 
of  Hanover,  as  well  as  of  Westphalia,  are,  to  this 
day,  a  white  horse.  DE  LETH. 

"  EST  ROSA  FLOS  VENERIS  "  (l§t  S.  i.  458  ; 
3rd  S.  iv.  453  ;  v.  15.) — The  passage  sought  after 
in  the  Rhodologia  of  Rosenberg  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  Rosam  Cupido  Veneris  filius,  ut  poetse  fabulantur, 
Harpocrati,  silentii  Deo,  digito  labia  compescenti,  donavit. 
Unde  raps  ille  cumprimis  Septentrionalium,  fluxisse  vide- 
tur,  ut  in  canaculis  Rosa  lacunaribus  supra  mensarum 
vertices  affigatur,  quo  quisque  secret!  tenax  esset,  nee 
facile  divulgaret  ea,  quaa  sub  rosa,  id  est,  silentii  fide  dicta. 
Qua  de  re  elegantissimus  Poeta  sequentem  in  raodum 
canit :  — "  Est  rosa  flos  Veneris,"  &c.  Part  1,  cap.  2. 
The  author  of  the  lines  is  not  named. 

JOB  J.  B.  WORKARD. 

"  THE  AMATEUR'S  MAGAZINE"  (3rd  S.  v.  26.) 
There  was  yet  another  monthly  periodical  called 
The  Amateur,  which  also  had  an  existence  of 
nine  months,  having  been  born  in  July,  1855,  and 


having  expired  in  March,  1856,  during  which  time 
eight  numbers  were  published.  It  was  ^intended 
to  be  a  quarterly  publication ;  but  "  in  conse- 
quence of  the  encouragement"  that  the  first 
number  received,  it  was  altered  to  a  monthly.  At 
its  fourth  issue  its  price  was  reduced  from  1*.  to 
6d.  It  was  "  projected  by  a  small  staff  of  unpro- 
fessional writers,"  and  was  published  at  16,  Great 
Marlborough  Street.  I  believe  that  its  editor 
was  Mr.  E.  C.  Massey,  a  young  and  clever  writer, 
whose  first  published  work  (anonymous)  was  The 
Green-eyed  Monster;  a  Christmas  Lesson.  By 
Whatshisname  (pp.  101).  James  Cooke,  Fen- 
church  Street,  1854.  CDTHBERT  BEDE. 

MAD  AS  A  HATTER  (3rd  S.  v.  24.)  —  Colchester 
and  all  its  natives  remonstrate  against  your  cor- 
respondent SCHIN'S  suggestion  as  to  the  origin  of 
this  phrase.  Even  the  hatters  there  are  not  will- 
ing to  remove  the  obnoxious  cap  from  their  own 
heads  on  such  terms.  Neither  sound  nor  sense 
could  reconcile  them  to  the  notion  of  making  the 
oyster  a  symbol  of  madness.  Finding  some  time 
ago  —  I  think  in  Halliwell's  Dictionary  —  that 
gnattery  is  used  in  some  parts  of  England  in  the 
sense  of  irritable,  I  fancied  that  in  the  same  places 
a  gnat  might  be  called  a  gnatter,  and  hence  "  as 
mad  as  a  gnatter."  I  do  not  think  I  was  far 
wrong ;  though  perhaps  natter,  the  German  name 
for  adder,  points  to  the  true  origin.  It  is  easy  to 
trace  the  progress  —  a  natter,  an  atter,  a  hatter. 

B.  L.  COLCESTRENSIS. 

RICHARD  ADAMS  (2nd  S.  x.  70;  3rd  S.  iv.  527; 
v.  42.)  —  We  see  no  reason  to  doubt  the  identity 
of  the  Richard  Adams,  who  died  in  1661,  with  the 
Fellow  Commoner  of  Catharine  Hall.  At  the 
period  in  question  admission  at  a  college  at  the 
age  of  fifteen  was  no  unusual  occurrence,  nor  is 
there  anything  remarkable  in  Latin  verses  by  a 
lad  of  seventeen.  WTe  shall  be  obliged  by  a  copy 
of  the  monumental  inscription  to  Richard  Adams 
in  Lancaster  church. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

MADMAN'S  FOOD  TASTING  OF  OATMEAL  POR- 
RIDGE (3rd  S.  v.  35.)  —  The  following  extract 
from  the  Nodes  Ambrosiance  may  enlighten  your 
correspondent  Y.  P.  It  is  necessary,  however,  in 
the  first  place  to  observe,  that  the  conversation 
has  been  turning  on  the  Letters  on  Demonology 
and  Witchcraft,  recently  contributed  by  Sir  Walter 
Scott  to  the  Family  Library,  then  in  course  of 
publication :  — 

"  Shepherd.    I'm  inclined  to  gang  alang  wi'  you,  Sir. 

"  North.    You  must  go  along  with  me,  James. 

"  Shepherd.     Na;  no  unless  I  like 

"  North.  However,  suppose  that  Sir  Walter  had  stated 
the  real  difference.  How  does  he  illustrate  it  ? 

"  Shepherd.     Hoo  can  I  tell  ? 

"  North.  By  the  story  of  an  insane  patient  in  the  In- 
firmary of  Edinburgh,  who,  though  all  his  meals  consisted 


3"»  S.  V.  JAN.  16,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


65 


of  porridge,  believed  that  he  had  every  day  a  dinner  of 
three  regular  courses,  and  a  dessert ;  and  yet  confessed 
that,  some  how  or  ot/ier,  everything  he  ate  tasted  of  porridge  ! 
Works  of  Professor  Wilson,  vol.  iii.  pp.  137,  138. 

OXONIENSIS. 

SIR  EDWARD  MAT  (3rd  S.  v.  35.)— Sir  Edward 
May,  M.P.  for  Belfast,  was  the  son  of  Sir  James 
May,  M.P.  for  the  co.  Waterford,  who  was  created 
a  baronet  June  30,  1763.  A  few  particulars 
of  the  pedigree  appear  in  Burke's  Extinct  and 
Dormant  Baronetcies.  Arms  :  gu.  a  fess  between 
eight  billets,  or.  R-  W. 

SIR  WILLIAM  SEVENOKE  (3rd  S.  v.  37.)—  In  the 
"  List  of  Mayors  of  London,"  compiled  by  Paul 
Wright,  B.D.,  F.S.A.,  1773,  appended  to  Hey- 
lin's  Help  to  English  History,  the  arms  are  de- 
scribed— "  Az.  seven  acorns  or,"  and  are  engraved 
three,  three,  and  one.  This  is  probably  correct. 

R.  W. 

LONGEVITY  OF  CLERGYMEN  (3rd  S.  v.  22,  44.) — 
The  Preston  Chronicle  of  Jan.  9,  1864,  records  the 
demise  on  Jan.  3,  of  the  Rev.  Joseph  Rowley,  in- 
cumbent of  Stalmine,  Lancashire,  for  sixty- four 
years ;  having  been  appointed  thereto  in  the  year 
1799.  The  reverend  gentleman  was  for  fifty-four 
vears — viz.  from  1803  to  1858,  chaplain  of  Lan- 
caster Castle,  during  which  period  he  attended 
the  execution  of  no  less  than  170  persons. 

PRESTONIENSIS. 

PAPER  MARKS  (3rd  S.  iv.  515.)  — The  Rey. 
Samuel  Dunne,  son  of  the  archdeacon,  an  anti- 
quary of  some  eminence,  communicated  in  1795 
to  the  Arch&ologia  a  very  interesting  and  valuable 
article  on  Paper  Marks.  It  is  chiefly  drawn  up 
from  some  materials  collected  by  Mr.  Thomas 
Fisher,  printer,  of  Rochester,  and  is  illustrated 
with  six  plates  exhibiting  various  marks  from 
1473  to  1712.  The  size  and  form  of  the  paper 
bearing  the  mark  is  shown,  and  the  substance  of 
the  material  is  described  as  far  as  it  can  be.  Alto- 
gether it  is  a  very  curious  document.  X.  A.  X. 

THE  LAIRD  or  LEE  (3rd  S.  v.  34.)  —  The 
Laird  of  Lee  is  commonly  understood  to  be  Lock- 
hart  of  Lee.  Wodrow  (vol.  i.  p.  282),  says  that 
Sir  James  Lockhart  of  Lee  was  the  only  sober 
man  at  the  drunken  meeting  of  Council  at  Glas- 
gow, 1662,  which  ejected  so  many  ministers,  and 
that  he  alone  opposed  it.  This  was  more  than 
twenty  years  before  the  Mauchline  Martyrdom; 
so  that,  however  likely,  it  cannot  be  quite  certain 
either  that  he  is  the  person  alluded  to  in  the 
inscription  on  the  Mauchline  Monument,  or,  sup- 
posing he  is,  that  it  does  him  justice.  J.  R.  B. 
Edinburgh. 

FRITH  SILVER  (3rd  S.  iv.  477,  529.)— Fee-farm 
rents  are  payable  to  Lord  Somers  in  most  parts 
of  the  North  Hiding  of  Yorkshire ;  and  regular 
audits  held  at  certain  market  towns,  and  collec- 
tions made  by  Mr.  Samuel  Danby,  of  7,  Gray's 


Inn  Square.  The  devisees  of  a  Mr.  Robinson  have 
also  a  similar  claim  upon  all  estates  which  once 
possessed  a  deer  park,  surrounded  by  a  bow  rake. 
I  believe  frith  silver  is  in  lieu  of  underwood. 
Although  I  apprehend  Mr.  Danby  is  our  best 
authority.  EBORACUM. 

POTATO  AND  POINT  (3rd  S.  iv.  496.)  — 
"  I  was  indebted  for  my  first  glimmering  knowledge  of 
history  and  antiquities  "to  those  evening  converzationi 
round  our  small  turf  fire,  where,  after  a  frugal  repast 
upon  that  imaginative  dish,  'potatoes  and  point,'  my 
father  used  to  talk  of  the  traditions  of  other  times. 

"  When  there  is  but  a  small  portion  of  salt  left,  the 
potatoe,  instead  of  being  dipped  into  it  by  the  guests,  is 
merely,  as  a  sort  of  indulgence  to  the  fancy,  pointed  at 
it." — Memoirs  of  Captain  Rock,  London,  1824,  p.  243. 

W.  D. 

GREEK  AND  ROMAN  GAMES  (3rd  S.  v.  39.)  — 
It  may  be  added  that  the  Nomocanon  of  Photius, 
and  the  Scholia  of  Balsamon,  were  republished  in 
Voelli  et  Justelli  Bibliotheca  Juris  Canonici  Ve- 
teris,  Greece  et  Latine,  Paris,  1661,  2  voll.  fol.  In 
loc.  cit.  Tit.  xiii.  c.  29,  Balsamon  supplies  no 
further  illustration  than  what  has  already  been 
quoted.  He  only  adds  :  — 

"  Videtur  etiam  mihi  quoque  alterum  hunc  ludum  a 
lege  aversabunde  vitari  et  puniri;  utpote  qui  cottum 
confirmet."— P.  1131. 

For  Karros,  see  Ducange,  Glossarium  Media  et 
Infimae  Latinitatis :  "-TV  KV&OV,  fjroi  rbv  KOTTOV." 

BlBLIOTHECAR.  CHETHAM. 

CHURCHWARDEN  QUERY  (3rd  S.  v.  34.)  — The 
sidesmen  appointed  last  Easter  at  the  meeting  of 
the  parish  of  St.  Michael's,  Lich field,  were  thir- 
teen in  number;  and  were  designated  to  the 
eight  out- townships  included  in  that  parish.  They 
are  only  assistants  to  the  churchwardens,  in  re- 
ference to  their  respective  townships.  Their 
duties  in  recent  times  appears,  from  Canon  90  of 
the  Constitutions  of  1562,  to  be  to  prevent  ab- 
sence of  parishioners  from  church,  and  disturb- 
ance to  the  congregations  by  absentees.  In 
Canon  89,  the  word  "  churchwarden "  is  made 
equivalent  to  questman  (say  inquestman  or  in- 
quirer) ;  but  prior  to  these  Constitutions,  there 
was  a  distinction,  for  — 

"  In  the  ancient  episcopal  synods,  the  bishops  were  wont 
to  summon  divers  creditable  persons  out  of  every  parish, 
to  give  information  of,  and  to  attest  the  disorders  of  clergy 
and  people.  These  were  called  testes  synodales ;  and 
were  in  after  times  a  kind  of  impanneled  jury,  consisting 
of  two,  three,  or  more  persons  in  every  parish,  who  were 
upon  oath  to  present  all  hereticks  and  other  irregular 
persons  (/Ten.  Par.  Ant.  649).  And  these  in  process  of 
time  became  standing  officers  in  several  places,  especially 
in  great  cities ;  and  from  hence  were  called  synods-men, 
and  by  corruption  sidesmen.  They  are  also  sometimes 
called  questmen,  from  the  nature  of  their  office,  in  making 
inquiry  concerning  offences." 

By  Canon  90,  if  the  minister  and  parishioners 
cannot  agree  in  the  choice  of  these  sidesmen,  or 


66 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3*d  S.  V.  JAN.  16,  '64. 


questmen,  in  Easter  week,  the  ordinary  of  the 
diocese  is  to  appoint  them  (Burn's  Eccles.  Law, 
i.  399).  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

SIR  EDWARD  MAY  (3rd  S.  v.  35.)  —  I  have  se- 
veral old  letters  in  the  autograph  of  Sir  Edward 
May  in  my  possession,  and  CARILFORD  might, 
perhaps,  communicate  with  me  direct  in  his  own 
name.  J.  EBARDON. 

Stillorgan,  co.  Dublin. 

CHAIGNEAU  (3rd  S.  v.  11.)— The  name  has  re- 
vived my  boyish  remembrance  of  a  story,  strangely 
illustrating  the  social  habits  and  feelings  of  the 
last  century ;  as  I  heard  it  narrated  more  than 
seventy  years  ago,  by  a  then  elderly  aunt  of  mine, 
a  lady  as  well  nurtured  and  as  kindly  hearted  as 
any  of  her  time. 

The  Mr.  Chaigneau  whom  it  commemorates 
was  an  eminent  laceman  in  Dame  Street  (the 
Regent  Street  of)  Dublin,  where  his  speciality, 
though  less  expansive,  was  more  expensive  than 
are  our  wives'  and  daughters'  crinolines.  One 
day,  a  titled  lady  honoured  his  shop  with  a  visit 
in  her  sedan  chair ;  during  her  explorations, 
the  shopman  observed  her  "  conveying "  a  card 
of  lace  into  her  muff.  On  her  departure,  he 
informed  his  master  of  this  leze-l)outi(jue,  who 
posted  after  her  ladyship,  and,  with  the  requisite 
bows  and  begging  pardons,  suggested  her  having — 
unconsciously,  of  course  —  taken,  &c.  &c.  Of 
course,  also,  Madam  was  indignant.  That  a  person- 
age of  her  fortune  and  position  could  condescend 
to  the  vulgarity  of  shoplifting !  The  laceman  per- 
sisted in  the  "  mistake " :  would  she  be  good 
enough  to  order  her  sedan  back  to  the  shop  ? 
would  she  allow  it  to  be  examined?  Growing 
desperate,  he  insisted  on  the  search ;  whereupon, 
drawing  the  card  of  lace  out  of  her  muff,  she 
exclaimed  (well  do  I  remember  my  aunt's  words 
and  tone),  "  There,  fellow ;  there  is  your  lace ; 
and  it  shall  be  the  dearest  lace  to  you  that  ever 
came  out  of  your  shop."  The  promise  was  duly 
kept :  the  esprit  de  corps  was  too  strong  for  the 
tradesman  :  from  one  of  the  richest  of  his  calling 
he  gradually  became  one  of  the  poorest ;  dwindled 
down  into  bankruptcy,  and  obtained  his  discharge 
by  cutting  his  throat. 

Such  was  my  aunt's  story ;  she  never  mentioned 
the  lady's  name,  and,  if  she  had,  I  would  not  dis- 
entomb it.  E.  L,  S. 


NOTES  OX  BOOKS,  ETC, 

POST  OFFICE  LONDON  DIKECTOBY  FOR  1864. —When 
Macaulay's  much-talked- of  New  Zealander  takes  his  seat 
upon  the  ruins  of  St.  Paul's,  he  will  get  but  a  very  im- 
perfect notion  of  what  the  great  city  was,  of  which  the 
remains  lie  spread  before  him,  unless  he  has  the  good  for- 
tune to  pick  up  from  among  them  an  old  Post  Office 


London  Directory.  There  he  would  be  told  in  unmis- 
takeable  characters  the  true  history  of  London's  great- 
ness,—a  volume  of  nearly  3000  closely,  yet  clearly  printed, 
pages,  pointing  out  not  only  every  mart  where  men  do 
congregate,  but  the  quiet  homes  to  which  the  hundreds 
and  thousands  of  those  busy  men  retire  when  the  day's 
work  is  done,  would  speak  more  clearly  of  the  wealth, 
intelligence,  and  vast  extent  of  London  than  acres  of 
crumbling  ruins.  For  sixty-five  years  has  the  Post  Office 
London  Directory  gone  on  increasing  in  size,  accuracy, 
and  utility  until  it  has  reached  a  completeness  commen- 
surate with  the  labour  and  expense  which  have  been  be- 
stowed upon  it,  and  which  makes  it  a  Commercial  Annual 
Register  of  the  metropolis  of  England.  If  the  reader 
would  wish  for  evidence  of  the  progress  of  commerce  and 
manufactures  in  London,  and  how  the  Post  Office  Direc- 
tory keeps  pace  with  this  progress,  he  will  find  it  in  the 
simple  fact  that  about  fifty  new  trades  have  been  added 
to  the  present  volume. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose:  — 
BEAUMONT  AND  FLETCHER'S  PLAYS.    7  Vols.  8vo.    London,  1711.    Vols. 

I.  II.  III.  only  wanted;  or  a  poor  copy  of  the  complete  set. 
Wanted  by  Messrs.  Longman  &  Co.,  39.  Paternoster  Row,  E.C.,  London. 
(Retail  Department.) 

HANNAH  HEWITT;  or,  the  Female  Crusoe,  by  Charles  Dibdin.    3  Vols. 
1792.    411,  Strand. 

ZEBA  IN  THE  DESERT;  or,  the  Female  Crusoe,  from  the  French.    Lon- 
don: Forster,  1789, 12mo. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  Percy  B.  St.  John,  Southend,  Essex. 

LECTURES  ON  ENGLISH  HISTORY,  by  a  Lady.    2  Vols.    Parker:  London. 

THE  CAMP  OF  RBFUOB.    Knight:  London. 

ANDERSON'S  ROYAL   GBNBALOOICAL  TABLES.    Folio.    Binding  no  con- 

A  pamphlet  or  magazine  containing  an  article  on  Hereward  the  Saxon, 
by  jlev.  E.  Trollope,  1B60—2. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  Gisborne,  25,  Birchin  Lane,  B.C. 


t0 

GEORGE  W.  MARSHALL.  The  extract  relative  to  tltf.  discovery  o/Nune- 
ham  Regis  is  from  our  own  columns.  See  many  articles  on  the  subject  in 
our  1st  Series  vi.  386,  488, 558;  vii.  23,  507;  viii.  101. 

8.  (Edinburgh.)  For  the  origin  of  the  name  oftJie  "  Domesday-Booh  " 
consult  "  N.  &  Q."  1st  S.  xi.  107;  2nd  S.  xi.  102,  103. 

T.  BKNTLEY.  Has  our  Correspondent  consulted  Bishop  Monk's  Life 
of  Dr.  Richard  Bentley,  the  second  editi»n,2  vols,8vo.  1883?  Kippisa 
Bipgraphia  Britannica,  ii.  224—247,  contains  also  a  well-written  lije  of 
this  distinguished  critic. 

"NOTBS  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  ateo 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
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payable  at  the  Strand  Post  Office,  in  favour  of  WILLIAM  G.  SMITH,  32, 
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WHAT    WILL,    THIS    COST     TO    PRINT? 
is  a  thought  often  occurring  to  literary  minds,  public.clmracters, 
and  persons  of  benevolent  intentions.    An  immediate  answer  to  th< 
inquiry  may  be  obtained.    A  SPECIMEN  BOOK  OF  TYPES,  and  informa- 
tion for  authors,  sent  on  application  by 

RICHARD  BARRETT,  13,  MARK  LANE,  LONDON. 


BOOKBINDING— in    the  MONASTIC,    GROLIER, 
MAIOLI  and  ILLUMINATED  styles— in  the  most  superior 
manner,  by  English  and  Foreign  Workmen. 

JOSEPH  ZAEHNSDORF, 
BOOKBINDER  TO  THE  KING  OF  HANOVER, 

English  and  Foreign  Bookbinder, 
30,  BRYDGE8  STREET,  CQVENT  GARDEN,  W.C. 


S'd  S.  V.  JAN.  16,  '64.]    ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1843. 

TTfESTERN,   MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON 

'      AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURAtf  — 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

Cm*r  OFFICBS  :  8,  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 
77,  KING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


Directors. 


H.  E.Bicknell.Eiq. 

T.Somers  Cocks,  Esq.,  M.A.,J.P. 

Geo.  H.  Drew.  Esq.,  M.A. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.  Goodhart.Esq.,  J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,  M-P. 

Peter  Hood,  Esq. 


The  Hon.  R.  E.Howard,  D.C.L 
James  Hu 


hint,  Esq. 
John  Leigh,  Esq. 
Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.B.  Marson.Esq. 
E.  VansittartNeale,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Bonamy  Price,  Esq., M.A. 
Jas.  Lys  Seager,  Esq. 
Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 
John  B.  White,  Esq. 
Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary.— Arthur  Bcratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  jn  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society's  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Rates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE:  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  the  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MEDICAL  MEN  are  remunerated, in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CRARGB  MADK  FOR  POLICY  STAMPS. 
The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready,  price  14«. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 


Present  Condition, 

much  Legal,  Statistical,  an 

Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 


nd  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject!  together  with 
id   Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 


O  S  T  E   O      EXDOBT. 

Patent. March  1, 1862,  No.  660. 

GABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH    and 
SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.    Purest  ma- 
the'usuaf  08^r8t~Cla88  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 

MESSES.  GABRIEL, 

THE  OLD   ESTABLISHED  DENTISTS, 
27,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London: 

134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street.  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth.*    Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 


)pe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 


TlfR.    HOWARD,    SURGEON-DENTIST,    52, 

FLEET-STREET,   has  introduced    an   ENTIRELY   NEW 

DESCRIPTION  of  ARTIFICIAL  TEETH?  fixed  Vkhou    spring, 

wire*,  or  ligatures.    They  BO  perfectly  resemble  the  natural  teeth  aa 

wmto™e,di6t>inKUi8he?  from  ^  originals  ^  the  closest  observer fthey 

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THE   QUARTERLY   REVIEW,  No.  CCXXIX. 
is  published  THIS  DAY. 

CONTENTS : 
I.  CHINA. 

II.  NEW  ENGLANDERS,  AND  THE  OLD  HOME. 
III.  FORSYTE'S  LIFE  OF  CICERO. 

IV.  GUNS  AND  PLATES. 

V.  SPEKE'S  TRAVELS  ON  THE  NILE. 
VI.  EELS. 

VII.  ROME  IN  THE  MIDDLE  AGES. 
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III.  Raphael's  School  of  Athens. 

IV.  Modern  French  Etchings  (with  Two  Plates). 

V.  Early  History  of  the  Royal  Academy._II. 
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VII.  Catalogue  of  Pictures  belonging  to  the  Society  of  Antiquaries. 
VIII.  Poussin  Drawings  hi  the  Royal  Collection.-II. 
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X.  Works  of  Cornelius  Visscher. -III. 
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XII.  Recent  Additions  to  the  National  Portrait  Gallery. 
XIII.  Record  of  the  Fine  Arts. 

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nHBONICLES  OF  THE   ANCIENT  BEITISH 

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Vintage  1840 ,     84s. 

Vintage  1847 „     725. 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "bees wing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry, 36s., 42s., 
48s.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s.,  42s.,  48s., 60s.,  72s.,  84s.;  Hochhei- 
mer,  Marcobrunner,  Rudesheimer,  Steinberg,  Leibfraumilch,  GOs.i 
Johannesberger  and  Stemberger,  72s.,  84s.,  to  120.s.-  Braunberzer  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48s.  to  84s.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48sf,  60s  6fo 
78s.;  very  choice  Champagne,  66s.  78s.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey  Fron- 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Lachryma;  Christi,  Imperial  Tof  ay ,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  doz  : 

tt 

^^ 
HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 
Brighton :  30,  King's  Road. 

(Originally  establiahed  A.n.1667.) 


CAMPBELL'S  OLD  GLENLIVAT  WHISKY.— 

flnflnW8MafrV^hu?^r^J-Fampbe11  begs  to  direct  attention  to 
MALT  WHISKY,  of  which  he  has  held  a  large  stock  for 


l^^^-as^SL^™17^1^'^^ 

bu8ine»s  in  French  Wines  gives  him 


Pale  gSpTjir  gal^n  (^s^n^ 

B™"n<Tv"  marV/fT'r  "nr      55*^5™  a  thorou«k  knowledge  of  the 
Brandy  market):  E.  Clicquot's  Champagne,  ee*.  per  dozen:   Sherrv. 


•PAU-DE-  VIE.—  This  pure; 

' 


NOTES     AND     QUERIES: 


&  ^Itiriwtxi  xrf  Jttt 

FOR 

LITERARY  MEN,  GENERAL  READERS,  ETC. 
Price  4d.  unstamped ;  or  5d.  stamped. 

CONTENTS  OF  No.  107.  —  JAN.  IGxii. 

NOTES  :  —  Mr.  Froude  in  Ulster— Shakspeariana :  Stcphano 

—  "Hamlet"  — Hamlet's  Grave  — "The  Grand  Impostor 

—  St.  Mary's,  Beverley  —  Fantoccini  —  "  One  Swallow  does 
not  make  a  Summer"  —  Druidical  Remains  in  India  — 
Anagrams  — A  Note  on  Notes  —  Zachary  Boyd. 

QUERIES:  —Manuscript  English    Chronicle  —Baroness 

—  The  Bloody  Hand  —  Books  of  Monumental  Inscriptions 

—  Alfred  Bunn— Thomas  Cook— Cromwell— Cullum — 
Enigma  —  English  Topography  in  Dutch  —  Fowls  with 
Human  Remains  —  "  The  Leprosy  of  Naaman  "  —  Nicholas 
Newlin  —  Northumbrian  (Anglo-Saxon)  Money  —  Order 
of    St,  John  of  Jerusalem  —  Painter  to  His  Majesty  — 
Pocket    Fender  — Pumice  Stone  — References  Wanted  — 
Spanish  Drought  —  Torrington  Family. 

QTJEEIES  WITH  ANSWERS: — Halifax  Law  —  Charles  Left- 
ley  —  Psalm  xc.  9  —  Dissolution  of  Monasteries,  &c.  — 
Hiorne,  the  Architect  —  Copying  Parish  Registers. 

REPLIES:  — Reliable— Sir  Robert  Gilford  — Mrs. 'Fitzher- 
bert —  St.  Patrick  and  the  Shamrock  —  Quotation  :  "  Aut 
tu  Morus  es,"  &c.  —  Storque  —Heraldic  Visitations  printed 

—  Clerk  of  the  Cheque  —  Quotations  Wanted  —  Vixen : 
Fixen  —  Rob.  Burns  —  Brettingham  —  Shakspeare  and 
Plato— Laurel  Water  —  Pholey— Penny  Loaves  at  Funerals 

—  "Trade  and  Improvement  of  Ireland" — Arms  of  Saxony 

—  "  Est  Rosa  flos  Veneris  "  —  "  The  Amateur's  Magazine  " 

—  Mad  as  a  Hatter  —  Richard  Adams  —  Madman's  Food 
tasting  of  Oatmeal    Porridge  —  Sir  Edward  May  —  Sir 
William   Sevenoke  —  Longevity  of  Clergymen  —Paper 
Marks  — The  Laird  of  Lee  —  Frith  Silver  —  Potato  and 
Point  —  Greek  and  Roman  Games,  &c. 


PARTRIDGE    &    COZENS 

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as  the  Quill),  2s.  per  gross.  Name  plate  engraved,  and  100  test  Card* 
printed  for  3s.  6d. 

No  Charge  for  Stamping  Arms,  Crests,  Src.from  own  Dies. 

Catalogues  Post  Free;  Orders  over  20s.  Carriage  paid. 
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PRIZE  MEDAL  AWARDED. 
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DESPATCH  BOX,  DRESSING  CASE,  AND  TRAVELLING 
BAG  MAKERS, 

7,  NEW  BOND  STREET,  W., 
AND  SISE  LAWE,  CITY  (NEAR  MANSION  HODSE). 

(Established  1735.) 


pOLONEL  HUTCHINSON  OF  OWTHORP.  — 

\J  Information  is  requested  as  to  where  the  Portraits  of  the  Colonel 
and  his  wife,  Mrs.  Lucy  Hutchinson,  may  now  be  seen,  or  where  the 
numerous  Manuscripts  of  that  Lady  (whose  "  Memoirs  "  were  publisher 
in  1806)  can  now  be  found. 

Address,  CAPT.  HUTCHINSON,  R.N.,  Chilham,  near  Canterbury. 

TURKISH    BATHS,    VICTORIA    STREET.  —  This 

1.  magnificent  Establishment,  accommodating  800  daily,  is  now  open 
(bundays  cxcepted).  Public  and  Private  Baths  for  Ladies  and  Gentle- 
men. Prices  from  Is.  6rf.  upwards. —  N.B.  Baths  for  Horses—Oriental. 
Bath  Company  of  London  (Limited),  VICTORIA  STREET,  near  th- 
Station,  Westminster. 


3rd  S.  V.  JAN.  23,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


67 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JANUARY 23,  1864. 

CONTENTS. —N°.  108. 

NOTES  —  The  Resurrection  Gate,  St.  Giles'- in-the  Fields 
67  — Decay  of  Stone  in  Buildings.  68  — Curious  Modern 
Greek  and  Turkish  Names,  75.—"  The  Temple,"  by  George 
Herbert,  69  —  Inedited  Letter  from  Lord  Jeffrey  to  Ber- 
nard Barton,  70— Book  Hawking.  Ib.  —  The  Owl— Early 
"Works  of  Living  Authors  —  Origin  of  Names  —  "  County 
Families  of  England,"  &c.,  71. 

QUERIES:  — Richardson  Family,  72  —  A  Fine  Portrait  of 
Pope,  Ib.  —  Baro  Urbigerus,  Alchemical  Writer  —  Samuel 
Burton  —  " The  Cork  Magazine"  1847-8  —  Dowdeswell 
Family  — Nathaniel  Eaton  — Fingers  of  Hindoo  Gods  — 
Heraldic  —  "  Heraclitus  Ridens  "  —  The  Holy  House  of 
Loretto— Rev.  Edward  James,  A.M.,  Vicar  of  Abergavenny 
from  1709  to  1719  —  "  Massacre  of  the  Innocents  "  —  Wil- 
liam Mitchel,  "The  Great  Tinclarian  Doctor "  —  Oratory 
of  Pitt  and  Fox:  "Sans  Culotides"— Petrarcha  — Por- 
trait of  our  Saviour —  Mrs.  Parker  the  Circumnavigator— 
Perkins  Family  —  Quotation  —  Sussex  Newspapers  —  Pas- 
sage in  Tennyson  —  J.  G.  Wille,  73. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWEBS  :  —  William  Dell,  D.D. — "  Lingua 
Tersancta,"  by  W.  F.  —  Leonartius  Pamingerus  —  Miss 
Bailey  — Sundry  Queries  — Mottoes  and  Coats  of  Arms  — 
"  The  Athenian  Mercury  "  —  "  Notes  to  Shakspeare,"  75. 

REPLIES:  — The  Lapwing:  Churchwardens'  Accounts,  77 

—  Parish  Registers :  Tombstones  and  their  Inscriptions,  78 

—  St.  Patrick  and  the  Shamrock,  79  —  John  Shurley,  80  — 
French  Coronets  —  Baroness  —  The  Bloody  Hand  — Arms 
of  Saxony  —  Satirical  Sonnet :  Gozzo  and  Pasquin  —  Bull- 
bull  —  Salden  Mansion  —  Madman's  Food  tasting  of  Oat- 
meal Porridge  — Churchwarden  Query  — Devil  a  Proper 
Name— Watson  of  Lofthouse,  Yorkshire  —  Longevity  of 
Clergymen—  Arthur  Dobbs,  &c.,  80. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


THE  RESURRECTION  GATE,  ST.  GILES'-IN- 
THE-FIELDS. 

I  notice  with  regret  that  this  gate,  with  its  in- 
teresting old  carving,  has  recently  been  removed. 
Whether  it  is  the  intention  of  the  vestry  to  re- 
store it  remains  to  be  seen. 

The  gate-entrances  to  churchyards  were  for- 
merly designated  by  carvings  in  wood,  of  which 
only  a  few  remain  :  one  of  these  was  the  semi- 
circular basso-relievo  of  the  "Last  Judgment," 
within  the  pediment  of  the  north  gate  of  St. 
Giles' -in-the-Fields.  Another  on  the  same  sub- 
ject, but  much  inferior,  is  preserved  in  the  east 
gate  of  St.  Stephen,  Coleman  Street.  A  figure 
of  Time  was  formerly  to  be  seen  over  the  north 
gate  of  St.  Giles',  Cripplegate.  It  has  been  taken 
down  and  set  up  within  the  church,  over  the  west 
entrance. 

The  "  Kesurrection  Gate,"  by  which  name  it 
is  commonly  known,  was  originally  erected  in 
1687.  In  the  previous  year  the  vestry  made  an 
order : — 

"  That  a  substantial  gate,  out  of  the  wall  of  the 
churchyard  near  the  round-house,  should  be  made ;  and 
also  a  door  answerable  to  it,  out  of  the  church,  at  the 
foot  of  the  stairs,  leading  up  to  the  north  gallery." 

In  pursuance  of  this  resolution,  the  gate  was 
erected  and  adorned  with  the  curious  piece  of 


wood-carving,  representing,  with  various  altera- 
tions and  additions,  Michael  Angelo's  "  Last 
Judgment." 

In  Edward  Hatton's  New  View  of  London,  1708, 
speaking  of  the  gate  and  wall,  the  author  says  :  — 

"  The  churchyard  is  fenced  with  a  good  brick  wall ; 
and  under  a  large  compass  pediment  over  the  gate,  near 
the  west  end,  is  a  prodigious  number  of  carved  figures, 
being  an  emblem  of  the  Resurrection,  done  in  relievo, 
very  curiously,  and  erected  in  the  year  1687." 

The  erection  of  the  gate,  and  the  ct  ceteras 
connected  with  it,  cost  the  parish  185/.  and  up- 
wards ;  out  of  which,  27/.  was  paid  for  the  carving 
work.  The  several  other  items  of  charge,  accord- 
ing to  Parton,  were  as  follows  :  — 

"  The  New  Gate. 
Mr.  Hopgood's  bill 

—  Wheatley's  bill 

—  Woodman,  the  mason 

—  Bailey,  bricklayer    - 

—  Townsend,  painter   - 

—  Sands,  plumber 
Gravel  for  walk     - 
Spreading  ditto,  and  rubbish  - 
Love,  the  carver's,  bill  - 


£    s.    d. 


11  10 


67 
23 
31 

7 
16 

2 


0  19 
-    27    0 


Total  - 


-    185  14    6' 


This  gate  was  of  red  and  brown  brick,  and 
stood  near  the  centre  of  the  churchyard  wall.  It 
was  taken  down  in  1800;  and  the  Tuscan  gate, 
recently  removed,  erected  in  its  place — the  carv- 
ing being  placed  in  the  new  gate  in  the  same 
situation  it  occupied  in  the  old  one. 

The  author  of  the  second  edition  of  Ralph's 
Critical  Review  of  the  Public  Buildings,  Statues, 
and  Ornaments,  in  and  about  London  and  West' 
minster r,  1783,  speaking  of  St.  Giles'  Church, 
says : — 

"  The  bas-relief  of  the  Resurrection,  which  is  over  the 
north  gate  of  the  churchyard,  is  a  remarkably  bold  and 
characteristic  piece  of  carving,  and  is  in  good  preserva- 
tion. This  last  circumstance  is,  perhaps,  owing  to  the 
narrowness  and  hurry  of  the  street,  which  prevents  its 
being  taken  notice  of.  But  the  subject  is  unhappy  even 
for  a  painter,  and  much  more  for  a  sculptor,  as  it  is  im- 
possible for  the  most  creative  fancy  to  imagine  the  small 
number  in  this  piece  can  represent  the  «  multitude  of  all 
nations  gathered  from  all  the  corners  of  the  earth.'  The 
faces  seem  to  want  variety." 

Malcolm  also  commends  the  carving.  Speaking 
of  the  church,  in  his  Londinum  Redivivum  (iii. 
491),  he  says :  — 

"  A  very  neat  Tuscan  gate  has  recently  been,  erected ; 
and  the  arch  is  filled  by  the  celebrated  representation  of 
the  Resurrection — a  performance  of  infinite  labour  and 
mnch  merit,  carved  about  1687." 

J.  T.  Smith,  however,  was  of  a  different  opinion 
to  that  just  expressed.  Speaking  of  the  old  gate- 
way, in  his  Book  for  a  Rainy  Day  (1845,  p.  20), 
he  adds : — 

"  Over  this  gate,  under  its  pediment,  was  a  carved 
composition  of  the  '  Last  Judgment,'  not  borrowed  from 


68 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  JAN.  23,  '64. 


Michael  Angelo,  but  from  the  workings  of  the  brain  of 
some  ship -carver." 

Who  shall  decide  upon  the  merits  of  a  work, 
when  sages  differ  ?  Some  years  ago,  examining 
the  carving  with  a  powerful  glass,  I  was  much 
pleased  with  its  execution.  It  appeared  to  me  to 
be  a  work  above  the  ordinary  degree  of  merit. 
I  may  add  that  I  discovered,  cut  upon  a  small 
square  in  the  middle  of  the  lower  group  of  figures, 
the  following  inscription:  "A.  P.  3°."  What 
does  this  mean  ?  The  entry  in  the  old  accounts 
informs  us  that  the  sculptor's  name  was  Love. 

EDWARD  F.  RIMBAULT. 


DECAY  OF  STONE  IN  BUILDINGS. 

At  a  time  when  so  much  is  said  and  thought  of 
the  decay  of  stone  in  our  public  buildings,  the 
following  passage  from  a  letter  to  King  Henry  V. 
from  an  officer  having  the  charge  of  public  works 
at  Calais,  may  not  be  read  without  interest,  as 
showing  the  precautions  taken  in  earlier  times  to 
preserve  them.  It  is  to  be  found  in  a  late  publi- 
cation of  the  Camden  Society,  entitled  Letters  of 
Queen  Margaret  of  Anjou,  Bishop  Beckington,  and 
others,  p.  20 :  — 

"  SOUVEUAINE  LORDE,  &c.,  as  touching  the  stone  of 
this  cuntre,  that  shuld  be  for  the  jainbes  of  your  doores 
and  windowes  of  your  said  chapeli,  I  dare  not  take  upon 
me  to  sett  any  more  therof  upon  your  workes,  hit  freteth 
and  freeth  so  foule  with  himself,  that,  had  I  not  ordained 
lynnesede  oyle  to  bed  [bathe?]  hit  with,  hit  wolde  not 
have  endured,  or  plesed  your  Highnesse.  Wherfore  I 
have  paveyed  xiij  tons  tight  [weight?]  of  Cane  stone, for 
to  spede  youre  workes  withal." 

From  this  it  will  be  seen  that,  at  that  early 
period,  linseed  oil  was  applied  to  stone  to  preserve 
it,  and  whatever  those  who  consider  only  the 
benefit  of  trade  may  say,  it  did  and  still  does 
answer  the  purpose ;  but  not  unless  properly  ap- 
plied. For  stone  should  be  duly  kept  and  sea- 
soned before  being  used  in  a  building,  especially 
if  in  tended  for  carving,  just  as  much  as  timber  ; 
for  the  stone  which  is  positively  the  hardest  to 
cut  is  by  no  means,  as  an  invariable  rule,  the  most 
durable ;  but  the  best  is  that  which,  after  being 
cut,  hardens,  and  forms  itself  an  exterior  coat ; 
and  this  is  the  case  with  the  Caen  stone,  which  is 
soft  when  first  taken  out  of  the  quarry.  But  if 
expected  to  form  itself  a  coat,  it  must  not  be  cut, 
and  then  exposed  at  once  to  the  inclemency  of 
the  weather,  but  should  be  placed  for  a  time  in 
the  dry,  under  a  shed,  constantly  exposed  to  the 
air,  but  not  to  rain  or  tempests.  When  this  has 
been  properly  done,  and  the  stone  is  thoroughly 
dry,  linseed  oil  may  be  applied,  and  will  preserve 
it ;  not  making  streaks,  as  might  be  apprehended, 
unless  very  carelessly  laid  on,  but  producing  a 
pleasing  and  subdued  gray  tint.  There  is  value, 
I  conceive,  in  the  suggestion  often  made  of  placing 


the  stone  as  it  lay  in  its  natural  bed ;  but  to  cut 
it  out  of  the  quarry,  and  use  it  green  (so  the 
workmen  term  it),  as  is  too  often  done  at  present, 
what  is  it  but  a  knavish  practice  of  the  builder  to 
provide  for  a  second  job  ?  For,  in  this  state,  the 
sun  affects,  and  the  winds  and  frosts  crack  and 
shiver  it ;  and  if  oil  be  applied,  this  makes  the 
matter  still  worse  by  confining  that  moisture 
which  ought  to  be  permitted  to  ooze  out,  and  thus 
hastening  instead  of  preventing  the  decay  of  the 
stone,  which,  as  a  general  rule,  should  have  been 
quarried  for  some  time,  and  have  become  perfectly 
dry  before  being  used  in  the  construction  of 
buildings.  It  is  no  uncommon  thing  among  small 
churches  to  find  the  clusters  of  pillars  in  the  in- 
terior composed  simply  of  hard  chalk,  which 
answers  the  purpose  very  well.  But  let  us  sup- 
pose these  to  have  been  put  together  while  the 
chalk  was  yet  damp,  and  what  would  have  been 
the  consequence  ?  That  the  first  frost  would  have 
shivered  and  broken  them ;  but  the  chalk  being 
quite  dry  when  put  together,  frost  does  not  at  all 
affect  it.  And  something  analogous  to  this  may 
be  observed  in  the  use  of  much  of  our  stone. 

I  have  before  me  an  instance  of  linseed  oil  ap- 
plied more  than  twenty  years  since  to  ornamen- 
tal carving  in  stone  out  of  doors,  and  deeply  cut, 
which  it  has  preserved.  W. 


CURIOUS  MODERN  GREEK  AND  TURKISH 
NAMES. 

I  have  devoted  some  spare  hours  to  many  pages 
of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  where,  especially  of  late,  have  ap- 
peared lists  of  Christian  names  and  surnames, 
curious  and  otherwise,  together  with  their  sup- 
posed derivations.  It  was  my  good  fortune,  when 
in  Asia  Minor,  &c.,  to  be  intimate  with  many 
scores  of  Greek  and  Turkish  better  class  peasants, 
and  acquainted  with  perhaps  as  many  of  the  other 
sex  of  both  nations;  indeed,  to  use  their  own 
phrase,  "  Was  I  not  their  good  brother  ? '  It 
struck  me,  a  few  days  ago,  that  as  I  had  collected 
the  names  of  most  of  these  old  friends  of  mine, 
and  given,  moreover,  some  time  and  attention  to 
their  derivations,  a  list  of  them  might,  if  printed, 
amuse  your  readers.  It  would  at  all  events  per- 
haps help  some,  one  writer  of  our  Eastern  fictions 
to  a  few  unstereotyped  names  for  their  heroes 
and  heroines  ;  for  really  we  have  had  only  about 
a  dozen  proper  names  in  these  Eastern  novels  for 
this  last  half  century.  If  agreeable,  I  may,  at 
some  other  time,  give  the  historiographs  of  Arme- 
nian names — a  thing  totally  uncared  for,  it  seems; 
meanwhile,  I  append  a  few  bona-fide  modern 
Greek  and  Turkish  names,  common  to  all  ages, 
and  with  the  orthography  best  allied  to  their  trus 
pronunciation. 

The  following  are  a  few  classical  nam«» j  these. 


3"»  S.  V.  JAX.  23,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


69 


however,  are  very  scarce  :  Female — Calliope,  Cle- 
opatra, Irene,  Penelope,  Sophi,  Hebi.  Male  — 
Dimitri,  Bacchyevani,  Adoni,  Xerxo. 

Of  modern  names  palpably  allied  to  ancient 
ones,  take  for  instance:  Female — Angelica,  Pipina, 
Xristalania,  Harcondoo.  Male — Marco,  Apostoli, 
Manoli,  Theofani,  Stephani,  Michali,  Petrali, 
Yeoree,  Yanako. 

As  examples  of  female  names  made  from  male 
names,  witness  the  following.  The  male  roots  are 
in  italics :  Female  —  Panayoteetsn,  Athanasoolz, 
.Xmfofooletha,  Zacharoola,  Stamateetsa,  Costin- 
din  a,  Fam'voola,  Photeetsa,  Sevastilama. 

To  continue  with  female  names,  and  as  illus- 
trating how,  by  means  of  affixes  to  some  female 
names,  other  Christian  female  names  are  formed, 
I  have  noticed  :  Female  —  Zoe  becoming  Zoe- 
teetsa ;  Helene,  Helenika ;  Sevastee,  Sevastalauia ; 
Katina,  Kateriteena,  and  Vasili,  Vasilikee. 

Sometimes  again,  the  various  nouns  by  this 
German  system  of  addition  become  female  names, 
thus  :  Female — Paraskevoola,  or  born  on  Friday ; 
Kiriakeetsa,  or  born  on  Sunday ;  Staphelia,  or  so 
named  from  the  grape  (the  red  variety  of  which 
they  will,  by-the-bye,  not  eat  on  St.  John  the 
Baptist's  day)  ;  Triandafooletha,  from  the  numeral 
30,  and  so  on  in  endless  variety. 

Nor  are  comical  names  scarce;  and  these,  as 
in  our  own  country,  seem  to  have  lost  their  evil 
power,  and  are  used  in  common  with  the  less 
suggestive  ones ;  for  instance :  Female — Castania, 
the  chestnut-haired ;  Astrienne,  the  starfaced ; 
Troumethela,  the  onion-headed ;  and,  as  illus- 
trating good  qualities,  Kalee,  the  good  one  ;  and 
Gramatiche,  the  writer. 

As  examples,  however,  of  real  nicknames,  the 
mention  of  which  sets  the  cafe  in  a  roar,  but 
which  are  nevertheless  transmitted  to  posterity, 
take  these  few :  Male — Garfelia  Faga,  or  Gar- 
pelia  the  glutton;  Alexi  Hesti,  or  Alexi,  the 
open  bowelled;  Evendria  Glegori,  or  the  sharp 
Evendria.  It  is  noticeable  also,  that  if  the  poor 
wight  resides  in  some  of  the  littoral  villages 
where  Turks  and  Armenians  "most  do  congre- 
gate," the  nickname,  to  be  more  effective,  will 
take  a  Macaronic  construction ;  as  for  instance, 
Lefteri  Sakalee,  or  Lefteri  with  no  beard;  or 
again,  Anesti  Kirkiyelani,  or  Anesti  the  forty 
liars.  Neither  friend  nor  foe  escapes  this  ten- 
dency to  give  every  one  a  name  that  will  de- 
monstrate your  person  to  them  in  a  moment. 
And  I  may  as  well  add  that  for  two  years  I  cer- 
tainly had  no  other  name  amongst  the  Greeks 
than  Cochineas  Diavolos,  and  no  other  amongst 
the  Turkomans  than  Yapigi  Baski. 

When  a  stranger  comes  to  reside  in  a  village 
or  town  large  enough  to  render  surnames  neces- 
sary, he  is  called  after  the  village  or  island  from 
which  he  emigrated,  thus :  Male — Kireeako  Dar- 
danelli;  Andoni  Nichoretta;  Sali  Mytilene ; 


Panayote  Tenedeo ;  Vargheli  Gallipolliti,  and  so 
on  ;  and  if  he  has  been  a  traveller  abroad,  in  some 
cases,  when  he  returns,  the  family  name  altogether 
changes,  and  Nikifori  Lala,  who  has  been  to  Eng- 
land (or  says  he  has),  becomes  Nikifori  Englaiso  ; 
and  by  the  same  rule,  Steliano  Gheyikli  becomes 
Steliano  Spania. 

Other  surnames  are  derived  from  the  occupa- 
tions of  the  persons  who  bear  them,  and  remain 
similarly  permanent  in  the  family.  Thus  we  have, 
Male — Ancholi  Seece,  or  Ancholi  the  Groom; 
Fotaki  Arabajee,  or  Fotaki  the  cart  driver ;  Ali 
Meelona,  or  Ali  the  Miller ;  Adam  Caffajee,  or 
Adam  the  Coffee- keeper ;  Seraphim  Asvesti,  or 
Seraphim  the  Lime-burner ;  and  Steli  Pappuchee, 
or  Steli  the  Shoemaker. 

The  above  are  a  few  of  the  rules  which  these 
modern  Greek  proper  names,  &c.  seem  to  follow. 
Of  course  there  are  scores  of  other  names,  which, 
like  irregular  verbs ,  are,  so  to  say,  words  "  in 
their  own  right,"  such  as  the  male  names  Spero, 
Pani,  Xafi,  &c.  The  first  named  /  hope  never  to 
meet  again.  Of  female  names  of  this  order,  take 
Keyinee,  a  matron  from  Giourkioi ;  and  Marootha, 
the  beauty  of  El-Ghelmez. 

It  must  be  understood  that  the  foregoing  names 
were  all  noted  down  in  Asia  Minor.  In  Greece 
Proper,  other  rules  have  sway  with  still  more 
grotesque  results.  On  a  future  occasion,  I  may 
send  the  more  striking  combinations  found  in  the 
larger  towns,  in  comparison  with  which  even  the 
name  of  Chronontonthologos  would  suffer. 

To  conclude,  here  are  the  more  common  Turkish 
names  from  the  villages  in  the  interior.  These 
rarely  alter  even  in  towns,  and  above  all,  have  no 
jokes  performed  upon  them  ;  rarely  either  do  they 
take  surnames :  Male  —  Of  old  favourites,  say 
Mehmet,  Mustapha,  Magrup,  Evrahaim,  Mussa, 
Sulieman,  Ishmael,  Hussein,  Achmet,  and  Osman. 
Female  —  Of  old  favourite  female  names,  take 
Fatimeh,  Ayesha,  Sultanna,  Musleumeh,  Esmeh, 
and  Gulezer  ;  and  amongst  those  not  so  common 
to  us,  I  quote  from  out  of  my  married  friends, 
Kusoon,  Sabuer,  Gulu,  Nacharlu,  Baghdad,  Yas- 
galoo,  Mavehlee;  and  from  my  single  (at  least 
then  single)  list,  take  Sheriffeh,  Aleef,  Ismehan, 
and  Sevler  —  the  last-named  being  the  infinitive 
mood  of  the  Osmanli  verb  to  love,  and  a  very 
pretty  verb  too.  W.  EASSIE. 

High  Orchard  House,  Gloucester. 


"  THE  TEMPLE,"  BY  GEORGE  HERBERT. 

"  The  Church  Porch. 

"  Constancy  knits  the  bones,  and  makes  us  stowrc" 
Some  copies  read  tower. 

"  The  Thanksgiving. 

"  Shall  I  weep  blood  ?    Why,  thou  hast  wept  such  store 
That  all  thy  body  was  one  door." 


70 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3**  S.  V.  JAN.  23,  '64. 


Some  copies  read  gore.  See  this  word  in  "  The 
Agony. 

"  Repentance. 

"  Man's  age  is  two  hours'  work,  or  three." 
What  does  this  mean?     The  expression,  "An- 
gel's age,"  is  used  in  the  poem  entitled  "  Prayer." 

"  Jordan. 

"  May  no  lines  pass,  except  they  do  their  duty 
Not  to  a  true,  but  painted  chair  ?  " 

What  chair  is  here  alluded  to  ? 

"  Riddle  who  list,  for  me,  and  pull  for  prime." 

What  is  meant  by  pulling  for  prime  ?  It  can 
hardly  mean,  I  presume,  ringing  for  matins. 
Does  it  refer  to  the  old  game  "  Primero  "  ?  * 

«  8m. 
"  So  devils  are  our  sins  in  perspective." 

Query,  Does  this  mean  that  our  sins  in  per- 
spective appear  to  have  "  some  good  "  in  them  ? 

"  TliK  Quiddity. 

**,  But  it  [a  verse]  is  that  which  while  I  use 
I  am  with  thee,  and  TWOS*  take  all" 

Some  copies  read,  "  must  take  all."  Does  not 
"  take  "  here  mean  captivate  f  It  seems  to  be  so 
used  in  the  poem  entitled  "  Gratefulness." 

"  Christmas. 

"  We  sing  one  common  Lord ;  wherefore  he  should 
Himself  the  candle  hold." 

Should  there  not  be  a  comma  after  "  should  " 
and  "  candle  "  ;  "  hold  "  meaning,  as  I  think, 
"stay"? 

«  Virtue. 

*  Only  a  sweet  and  virtuous  soul, 
Like  season'd  timber,  never  gives ; 
But  when  the  whole  world  turns  to  coal, 
Then  chiefly  lives." 

Some  copies  read  :  "  But  tho'  the  whole  world 
turn  to  coal."  Neither  reading  makes  the  sense 
very  clear. 

All  the  editions  of  The  Temple  I  have  met  with 
differ  materially  in  many  parts,  and  I  much  doubt 
whether  there  is  one  that  is  free  from  many 
errors.  J.  D. 


INED1TED  LETTER  FROM  LORD  JEFFREY  TO 
BERNARD  BARTON. 

"  Edinburgh,  Jan.  28th,  1820. 

"Dear  Sir,— I  have  very  little  time  for  correspondence 
—especially  at  this  season,  or  I  should  have  great  plea- 
sure in  cultivating  yours.  My  answer  to  your  former 
letter  to  me  makes  it  less  necessary  to  write  at  large  in 
this.  The  novelty  of  a  Quaker  poem  will  rather  attract 
notice  and  curiosity,  I  should  imagine,  than  repel  it. 


[*  In  the  Works  of  George  Herbert,  edit.  1859,  8vo 
(Bell  &  Daldy),  is  the  following  note  to  this  line :  "  Pull 
for  prime."  A  French  phrase,  meaning, '  to  pull,  or  draw, 
for  the  first  place,'  especially  in  sports  involving  a  trial 
of  strength."  Vide  "  N.  &  Q.,"  2nd  S.  iv.  496.— ED  ] 


But  if   I  can  conscientiously  promote    your  notoriety 
without  hurting  your  feelings  I  certainly  shall  do  so. 

"  I  confess  to  the  review  of  Clarkson,  and  also  lay 
claim  to  the  paper  on  Prison  Discipline.  There  is  some 
necessary  levity  in  the  former — the  latter  was  written 
from  the  heart.  As  to  the  phrase  about  honesty  to  which 
you  object,  it  was  not  set  down  in  mere  unmeaning  wan- 
tonness, but  was  intended  as  the  mild  and  mitigated  Ex- 
pression of  an  opinion  founded  perhaps  upon  too  narrow 
an  observation,  but  very  seriously  and  conscientiously  en- 
tertained, that  the  lower  classes  and  ordinary  dealers  of 
your  society,  were  rather  more  cunning  and  grasping,  and 
illiberal  in  their  transactions  than  the  associates  of  other 
sects.  I  had  recently  had  occasion,  in  the  course  of  my 
profession,  to  see  several  instances  of  this,  and  was  rather 
shocked  and  disgusted  at  finding  instances  of  harshness 
and  duplicity  that  amounted  almost  to  criminal  fraud, 
coolly  [raised?  illeg."]  and  defended  by  persons  of  this 
persuasion.  It  is  possible  that  our  Northern  climate  may 
corrupt  them,  and  very  likely  that  the  instances  may  be 
rare  and  casual — yet  Quaker  traders,  I  learn,  are  gene- 
rally reckoned  among  traders  to  be  sly  and  stingy,  and 
ready  to  take  advantage,  and  I  cannot  believe  the  repu- 
tation to  be  wholly  without  foundation.  I  have  said 
that  the  body  is  generally  illiterate,  and  I  think  you 
agree  with  me.  That  it  has  contained  many  eminent 
men  since  the  days  of  Penn  and  Barclay  no  candid  per- 
son will  dispute  I  have  myself  the  happiness  of  knowing 
several.  I  am  well  acquainted  with  Mr.  Walker  of  Lon- 
don, and  flatter  myself  I  may  call  W.  Allen  my  friend. 
To  the  philanthropy  and  calm  and  wise  perseverance  of 
the  body  in  all  charitable  undertakings,  I  shall  always  be 
ready  to  do  justice.  But  I  trust  I  need  make  no  profes- 
sions on  this  subject,  nor  does  it  seem  necessary  to  dis- 
cuss further  the  points  of  difference  between  us.  I  sup- 
pose you  don't  expect  to  make  a  convert  of  me,  and  I 
certainly  have  not  the  least  desire  to  shake  you  in  your 
present  convictions.  There  are  plenty  of  topics,  I  hope, 
on  which  we  may  agree,  and  we  need  not  seek  after  the 
exceptions.  I  shall  be  happy  if  my  opinion  of  your  poem 
can  be  ranged  in  the  first  class.  Being  always,  with  great 
esteem,  your  faithful  ser* 

"  F.  JEFFBEY. 

"P.S.  Do  not  let  your  Quaker  Whigs  be  discouraged 
by  abuse  or  ridicule.  Being  Whigs  they  must  have 
borne  abuse  whether  they  were  Quakers  or  not.  That 
circumstance  only  suggested  the  [word  illeg. ~\  topics — 
abuse  is  one  of  the  ways  and  means  of  electioneering,  and 
cannot  be  dispensed  with.  Never  mind  it." 

The  above  letter  has  not,  I  think,  been  printed. 
It  is  well  worthy  recording  for  many  reasons. 
I  received  the  original  through  Mr.  Dawson  Tur- 
ner's sale.  The  penmanship  is  as  hard  to  deci- 
pher as  any  MS.  in  modern  English  well  can  be. 

J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 


BOOK  HAWKING. 

I  should  like  you  to  publish  the  following  as  a 
Note,  worthy  of  remembrance  of  all  literary  per- 
sons. A  man,  dressed  in  a  suit  of  black,  with  a 
white  neckcloth,  called  recently  at  my  private 
residence ;  and,  as  I  was  at  my  office,  he  expressed 
a  wish  to  see  my  wife.  On  entering  her  room,  he 
stated  that  he  had  been  requested  by  the  rector 
of  the  parish  to  call  upon  me,  and  wished  to  see 
me  personally.  My  wife  told  him  I  returned 


3'd  S.  V.  JAN.  23,  '64.  J 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 


71 


home  to  dinner  at  six,  and  could  be  seen  soon 
after  that  hour ;  but  he  stated  that  the  night  air 
was  injurious  to  his  health,  and  asked  for  my 
office  address,  which  she  gave  him.  When  I 
returned  home,  she  mentioned  the  circumstance ; 
and  we  both  concluded  that  it  was  the  rector's 
new  curate,  who  wanted  my  subscription  to  some 
local  charity.  I  was,  therefore,  fully  prepared 
for  the  "  curate,"  when  he  presented  himself  a 
few  days  after  at  my  office.  However,  to  my 
surprise,  he  stated  that  his  object  in  calling  was 
to  request  my  subscription  to  a  new  work — Bun- 
yaris  Life  and  Writings ;  which  he  led  'me  to  infer 
the  rector  was  about  to  edit.  He  produced  a 
letter  from  the  clergyman,  whose  handwriting  I 
recognised ;  and,  as  I  was  very  busy,  I  did  not 
read  it,  but  at  once  told  the  man  I  would  sub- 
scribe for  one  copy.  He  tried  to  get  me  to  take 
two  ;  but  I  told  him  one  would  suffice.  He  then 
produced  an  order  book,  and  requested  me  to 
write  the  usual  order ;  and  asked  me  how  I  would 
have  the  work,  in  numbers  or  volumes  ?  So  I 
desired  him  to  supply  it  in  volumes,  as  the  work 
appeared.  He  produced  what  seemed  to  be  a 
"  number,"  and  opened  it  at  the  middle,  where  a 
handsomely  engraved  frontispiece  showed  the 
character  of  the  work.  This  volume  was  in 
violet  calf,  and  in  a  handsome  binding.  A  few 
days  after,  while  I  was  in  Ireland,  my  wife  in- 
formed me  that/bwr  volumes  of  Bunyan's  Works, 
bound  in  cloth,  had  been  sent,  with  a  demand  for 
2Z.  16s. — and,  luckily,  she  had  not  paid  the  money. 
On  my  return  home,  I  found  it  was  an  old  work 
undated  of  Stebbing's,  which  I  subsequently  as- 
certained had  been  published  in  1859.  Soon 
afterwards,  the  publisher  sent  me  an  impudent 
reply  to  my  letter  of  remonstrance,  that  the  work 
was  not  the  same  I  had  ordered,  not  having  been 
edited  by  our  rector;  and  the  result  was,  a 
County  Court  summons.  I  was,  however,  not 
daunted  by  this,  and  told  my  story  to  the  judge  ; 
and  he,  after  hearing  my  "  clerical"  friend  (who, 
by-the-bye,  appeared  in  his  every-day  dress,  and 
had  dropped  the  white  "choker"),  decided  that 
the  man  had  no  claim  on  me,  the  order  having 
been  obtained  under  false  pretences.  I  trust, 
if  my  Clapham  and  Brixton  neighbours  have 
been  similarly  imposed  on,  they  will  adopt  a  like 
course  with  the  "  Canonbury  "  publisher. 

N.  H.  E. 
Devonshire  Road,  South  Lambeth. 


THE  OWL.— I  had  no  idea  until  I  met  with  the 
follow  ing  items  in  the  churchwardens'  accounts  at 
St.  Mary's  Church,  Beverley,  that  the  owl  was  a  pro- 
scribed bird,  but  had  supposed  that  he  was  pro- 
tected. Such,  however,  seems  not  to  have  been 
the  case  at  Beverley.  I  transcribe  the  text  and 
context  for  the  years  1642  and  1646 :  — 


1G42,  26th  April.  To  the  ringers,  when  the  king 

came  in  anil  went  out  -  xi8  viijd 

„    6th  July.  Paid  the  ringers  when  the  king  t 

came  in         -  iij»  viijd 

„    16th  July.  For  ringing  when   the    king 

came  from  New wark      -  iiij»viijd 

Paid  to  Jas.  Johnson  for  killing  three 
owles  in  the  Woodhall  closes,  that 
he  did  steadfastly  affirme  them  to 
belong  to  this  church     -  xviid 

1646.  Paid  John  Pearson  for  killing  an  urcbant  ij*. 

Paid  John  Pearson  for  catching  three  urchants  vjd 

Paid  Duke  Redman  for  killing  of  eight  jack 

dawes      -------  vjd 

Paid  to  the  sexton  for  killing  an  oule,  and  car- 
rying the  ammunition  in  the  chamber      -         j*  ijd 

OXONIENSIS. 

EARLY  WORKS  OF  LIVING  AUTHORS.  —  In  the 
year  1809,  Mr.  E.  B.  Sugden  first  published  his 
Letters  to  a  Man  of  Property ;  and  on  Feb.  12, 
1863,  the  7th  edition  of  the  same  work,  under  its 
new  title  of  A  Handy  Book  on  Property  Law,  was 
issued  by  its  author  (now  Lord  St.  Leonards), 
still  in  the  vigour  of  his  faculties. 

In  the  year  1815,  Dr.  Charles  Richardson  pub- 
lished his  Illustrations  of  English  Philology  ;  and 
in  1854,  published  his  valuable  summary  of  the 
Diversions  of  Purley,  with  the  title  of  The  Study 
of  Language.  T.  H. 

ORIGIN  OF  NAMES.  —  The  following  extract 
from  the  letter  of  an  emigrant  to  Kaflerland,  is  a 
modern  specimen  of  giving  surnames  to  parties 
descriptive  of  some  quality  or  peculiarity  in  the 
party  named,  and  as  such  may  be  worth  record- 
ing in  « N.  &  Q.  :"  — 

"Our  master,  Mr.  P ,  is  called  E-gon-a-shalaw, 

which  means  broad-sbouldered ;  Mr.  D ,  Emoounyous, 

because  he  rose  early  when  he  first  came  out ;  Mr.  T . 

Umolotagas,  that  is,  thin-faced ;  Mr.  F ,  Maka-wha, 

because    his    eye-brows    meet;    Mr.    S ,    Ins-w-bo, 

weakly- looking;  Mr.  N ,  Mafumbo,  stooping;  Mr. 

R ,  Is-stop,  large  nose ;  Mr.  G ,  El-tabala,  very 

silent ;  Mr.  W ,  Mack-ka-coba,  because  he  stoops  in 

walking." 

H.  T.  E. 

"  COUNTY  FAMILIES  OF  ENGLAND,"  ETC. — I  ac- 
cidentally met  with  the  above  work  a  few  days 
since,  and  am  induced,  in  the  cause  of  heraldry 
and  genealogy,  to  suggest  that  in  such  compila- 
tions it  would  be  better  that  a  distinction  should 
be  made  between  claims  and  descents,  founded  on 
documentary  evidence  or  the  undisturbed  posses- 
sion of  real  estate,  and  those  put  forth  on  the  mere 
conjecture  of  the  parties  immediately  interested. 
I  say  this  because  many  are  misled  by  a  claim, 
and  take  it  for  granted  that  there  is  evidence  for 
the  same ;  but  in  the  work  referred  to  several 
such  claims  have  been  inserted  without  any  inves- 
tigation, and,  consequently,  Pepper's  Ghost  is  so 
like  a  reality,  that  serious  errors  arise,  when  such 
a  record  is  considered  as  a  book  of  reference.  B. 


72 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


V.  JAN.  23,  '64. 


tihttrfaf* 

RICHARDSON  FAMILY. 

Conon  Richardson,  Abbot  of  Parshore  Abbey, 
married,  after  the  dissolution,  a  Miss  Pates  of  Bre- 
don,  co.  Vigorn ;  and  had  issue  two  sons,  Conon 
and  Thomas.  Conon  had  issue  an  only  son,  Sir 
William  Richardson,  Knt.,  who  died  s.p.  Thomas, 
by  his  first  wife  Elizabeth,  had  a  son  Conon,  of 
Tewkesbury ;  and  by  his  second  wife  Anne,  daugh- 
ter of  Leonard  Mazey,  of  Shechenhurst,  Worces- 
tershire, he  had  further  issue  :  seven  sons,  and  six 
daughters.  The  sons  were  Henry,  of  London, 
haberdasher,  buried  A.D.  1634;  who,  by  his  wife 
Anne,  daughter  of  Anthony  Nicholls  of  Morton- 
Hinmars,  Gloucestershire,  had  issue  a  son  Kenelm. 
The  other  sons  of  Thomas  were  Edmund,  Leonard, 
Rafe,  John,  William,  and  Christopher.  The  arms 
borne  by  this  family  were  :  "  Argent,  on  a  chief, 
sable;  3  leopards'  heads  erased  of  the  1st." 

I  find,  in  the  Harl.  MSS.,  the  very  same  arms 
given  to  another  family  of  Richardson  :  —  John 
Richardson  of  Roskell,  or  Rostill,  co.  York,  mar- 
ried Isabel  Hart  of  Botrington,  and  had  issue  two 
sons  and  three  daughters.  William,  the  elder  son, 
was  of  Southwark ;  and  by  his  wife  Jane,  daugh- 
ter of  Robt.  Harrison  of  Milton  Green,  Cheshire, 
had  issue  Thomas  (at.  17,  anno  1623),  John,  Wil- 
liam, Francis,  and  Mary.  George,  the  second 
son,  had  issue  by  his  wife— who  was  a  sister  to 
Sir  John  King,  Knt. — a  son  Richard. 

Sir  Thomas  Richardson,  Serjeant-at-Law  (anno 
1620),  bore  the  same  arms  as  given  at  p.  240  of 
Dugdale's  Origines  Juridicales.  And  I  find  that 
Capt.  Edward  Richardson,  of  Colonel  James  Cas- 
tles' Regiment,  who  was  "  second  son  of  William 
Richardson,  Esq.,  descended  of  the  ancient  family 
of  the  Richardsons  of  Pershore,  in  the  county  of 
Worcester,"  was  registered  May  22,  1647,  by 
"  Wm.  Roberts,"  Ulster  King,  as  bearing  the  same 
arms,  with  a  crescent  for  difference.  His  descen- 
dants continue  to  use  these  arms. 

William,  the  father  of  this  Edward,  may  have 
been  a  son  of  Conon  of  Tewkesbury.  I  am 
anxious  to  know  his  exact  descent.  I  shall  feel 
greatly  obliged  to  any  of  your  correspondents 
who  will  kindly  furnish  me  with  any  additional 
information  respecting  this  family ;  so  as  to  con- 
nect the  several  branches  which  are  named  above. 
I  shall  be  glad  to  know  anything  respecting  the 
parentage  and  descendants  (if  any)  of  Sir  Thomas, 
and  whether  he  was  the  same  person  as  the  Chief 
Justice  [of  the  Common  Pleas,  1626,  and]  of  the 
King's  Bench,  1631  ?  whose  arms,  however,  Dug. 
dale  gives,  at  p.  238,  as  "  Or  (instead  of  argent) 
on  a  ch.,"  &c.,  quarterly  with  "  ermine  on  a  can- 
ton, azure,  a  saltiro  gules." 

Nash's  Worcestershire  contains  a  slight  refer- 
ence to  Conon  and  his  issue. 

H.  LOFTUS  TOTTENHAM, 


A  FINE  PORTRAIT  OF  POPE. 
In  The  Builder  of  this  day  (Jan.  9th,  1864),  Ifind 
the  following  "curious," or  rather  marvellous  "dis- 
covery at  Gloucester,"  in  which  "  a  fine  portrait 
of  Pope  "  is  concerned,  and  which,  if  true,  is  cer- 
tainly worth  recording  in  "  N.  &  Q."  :  — 

"  CURIOUS  DISCOVERY   IN  GLOUCESTER. 

"  It  may  not  be  generally  known,  or  it  may  possibly 
be  forgotten,  that  in  the  olden  time  county  families  often 
came  into  their  principal  city  or  town  for  some  of  the 
winter  months,  where  they  had  their  regular  town  houses ; 
and  those  who  had  not,  bestowed  themselves  in  lodgings. 
A  visit  to  the  metropolis  was  then  a  much  more  serious 
business  than  it  is  now-a-days.  Folks  were  then  content 
with  the  amusements  the  city  afforded  them :  the  the- 
atres, the  assemblies,  parties,  &c.,  were  a  sufficient  attrac- 
tion ;  consequently  many  fine  old  mansions  will  be  found 
in  our  principal  towns,  now  devoted  to  very  different 
purposes  from  what  they  were  originally  built  for.  One 
of  these  abodes,  the  town  house  of  the  Guises,  a  mansion 
of  about  Queen  Anne's  period,  has  of  late  been  occupied 
as  a  school  of  art ;  and  in  making  some  alterations  for 
this  purpose,  the  architect  observed  an  unusual,  and,  as 
it  seemed  to  him,  a  needless  projection  of  panelling  in  a 
small  sitting-room,  always  called  'Pope's  room.'  He 
made  up  his  mind  to  remove  this  projection,  and  in  doing 
so  brought  to  light  a  fine  portrait  of  Pope.  This  led  him 
to  suspect  that  the  opposite  side  might  also  contain  some 
treasure,  and  on  taking  it  down  a  painting  was  revealed, 
since  said  to  be  the  «  Temptation,'  by  Guido.  A  man  in  a 
rich  dress  of  the  time  of  Francois  Premier  is  holding  up 
a  string  of  pearls  to  a  woman,  who  appears  to  be  resisting 
his  entreaties  and  tempting  offer.  It  is  described  to  us 
as  a  remarkably  fine  painting. 

"Pope  was  a  frequent  visitor  in  Gloucestershire  and 
the  neighbouring  county  of  Hereford.  His  well-known 
lines  to  the  '  Man  of  Ross '  were  written  during  his  sojourn 
in  the  neighbourhood.  In  Gloucestershire  he  was  a  guest 
of  the  family  of  the  Guises,  who  had  a  seat,  Highnam 
Court,  not  far  from  the  city ;  another,  called  Kendcombe, 
in  the  same  county ;  and  the  house  in  Gloucester  alluded 
to.  He  was  also  a  not  infrequent  visitor  at  the  Bathursts, 
Lydney  Park,  near  Cirencester. 

"  Why  these  pictures  were  '  walled  up '  one  cannot 
form  any  reasonable  conjecture:  there  were  no  public 
troubles  in  Gloucester  at  that  time.  Are  we  justified  in 
attributing  their  concealment  to  some  anticipated  family 
dispute  respecting  them,  which  might  have  been  avoided, 
perhaps,  by  thus  shutting  them  out  from  the  world? 
Fortunately  they  were  in  a  dry  place,  on  each  side  of  a 
fire-place,  and  have  received  no  injury  from  their  long 
imprisonment. 

"  The  pictures  are  now  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  Baylis, 
Thames  Bank,  Fulham." 

Mr.  Baylis's  very  remarkable  collection  of  anti- 
quities and  articles  of  virtu,  particularly  pictures, 
is  now  of  long  repute ;  but  is  it  still  at  Thames 
Bank,  Fulham?  I  was  under  the  impression  that 
it  had  for  many  years  left  that  locality. 

And  are  these  pictures  from  Gloucester  now 
in  his  gallery,  or  have  they  ever  been  ?  Even  if 
they  are  so,  collectors  are  liable  to  be  imposed 
upon  by  the  dealers,  and  such  a  tale  as  the  above 
is  surely  a  most  suspicious  one.  Is  it  even  new, 
or  cut  from  an  old  newspaper  ?  Perhaps  some  cor- 
respondent at  Gloucester  will  clear  these  doubts. 

INCREDULUS. 


3rd  S.  V.  JAN.  23,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


73 


BARO  UBBIGEBUS,  ALCHEMICAL  WRITER.  —  ] 
ask  for  information  respecting  the  under- described 
work  and  its  author.  I  am  unable  to  find  any- 
thing about  either  in  ordinary  books  of  reference 
at  hand. 

It  is  a  thin  12mo  of  86  pages,  consisting  of  two 
treatises  continuously  paged.  The  first  title-page 
is  wanting,  but  the  title  at  the  beginning  of  the 
101  Aphorisms  of  which  the  first  treatise  is  com- 
posed runs  thus :  — 

"  APHOKISMI  URBIGERANI  ;  Or,  Certain  Rules,  clearly 
demonstrating  the  Three  Infallible  Ways  of  preparing  the 
GRAND  ELIXIR  of  the  PHILOSOPHERS." 

The  title-page  of  the  second  treatise  is  as  fol- 
lows :  — 

"  Circulatum  minus  Urbigeranum,  OR,  THE  PHILO- 
SOPHICAL ELIXIR  OF  VEGETABLES;  With  The  Three 
certain  Ways  of  Preparing  it,  fully  and  clearly  set  forth 
in  One  and  Thirty  APHORISMS.  By  BARO  URBIGERUS, 
A  Servant  of  God  in  the  Kingdom  of  Nature.  Experto 
Crede.  LONDON,  Printed  for  Henry  Faithorne,  at  the 
Rose  in  St.  Paul's  Church-yard,  1690."  * 

JOHN  ADDIS. 

SAMUEL  BURTON.  —  Wanted,  any  information 
respecting  Samuel  Burton,  Esq.,  whose  decease  at 
Sevenoaks,  in  Oct.  1750,  is  mentioned  in  the 
obituary  of  the  Gentleman's  Magazine.  He  had 
served  the  office  of  High  Sheriff  for  the  county  of 
Derby,  and  had  attained  the  age  of  sixty-eight 
years.  E.  H.  A. 

"THE  CORK  MAGAZINE"  1847-8.— Who  was 
author  of  an  article  in  this  Magazine  on  George 
Sand's  "  Seven  Chords  of  the  Lyre,"  No.  I.  pp.  35- 
43.  R.  I. 

DOWDESWELL  FAMILY.  —  "  Rich.  Dowdcswell, 
astatis  suse  46,  anno  1726,"  is  written  on  the  back 
of  a  portrait  in  my  possession.  Can  any  of  your 
correspondents  inform  me  who  this  Richard 
Dowdeswell  was  ?  I  think  he  or  his  son  married 
a  Miss  Leverton.  J.  D. 

NATHANIEL  EATON.— One  of  my  maternal  an- 
cestors, Nathaniel  Eaton,  of  Manchester,  in  1674, 
married  Christian  Tawdry,  of  "  The  Riddings," 
and  Bank  Hill,  Timperly,  Cheshire.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Society  of  Friends,  but  I  suspect 
was  a  son  or  grandson  of  one  of  the  six  Non- 
conformist ministers,  of  the  name  of  Eaton,  who, 
ac'jording  to  Calamy,  were  ejected  from  their 
livings  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity  in  1662.  This 
conjecture  is  strengthened  by  the  fact  that  the 
mother  of  Christian  Vawdry  (Margaret,  daughter 
of  Oswald  Moseley,  of  Garratt,  near  Manchester), 
alter  the  death  of  her  first  husband,  Robert  Vaw- 
dry, father  of  Christian  Vawdry,  married  the  well- 

[*  There  ought  to  be  a  beautifully  engraved  frontis- 
piece, which  is  explained  at  the  end  of  the  volume".  A 
German  translation  of  it  was  printed  at  Hamburgh  in 
1705.  The  name  Urbiycrus  looks  like  a  pseudonym.— 


known  John  Angler,  minister  of  Denton,  Lanca- 
shire, who  had  as  intimate  friends  or  coadjutors, 
several .  Nonconformist  ministers  of  the  name  of 
Eaton. 

I  shall  feel  obliged  by  any  information  or  sur- 
mise as  to  the  parents  or  relations  of  the  above 
Nathaniel  Eaton,  at  the  same  time  remarking  that 
his  marriage  in  1674  is  inconsistent  with  his  being 
the  Nathaniel  Eaton,  born  in  1609,  who,  according 
to  Calamy,  was  the  first  master  of  the  College  at 
New  Cambridge  in  New  England,  and  who  after- 
wards died  in  the  King's  Bench.  M.  D. 

FINGERS  OF  HINDOO  GODS. — What  is  the  mean- 
ing of  the  position  of  the  fingers  below  described, 
which  I  have  observed  in  effigies  of  gods  and 
kings  on  Hindoo  pagodas,  as  well  as  in  sculptures 
of  saints  and  abbots  on  Christian  cathedrals  ? 
The  upper  part  of  the  right  arm  is  pressed  close 
to  the  right  side,  the  lower  part  of  the  arm 
doubled  up  against  the  upper  part,  so  that  the 
hand  is  brought  up  to  the  shoulder ;  the  palm  of 
the  hand  is  turned  to  the  front,  the  fore  and 
middle  fingers  pointing  upwards  :  the  thumb  and 
other  fingers  being  doubled  on  to  the  palm. 

H.  C. 

HERALDIC. — I  shall  feel  obliged  if  you  can  tell 
me,  is  there  any  tradition  by  which  the  history  or 
origin  of  the  following  arms  can  be  found  ?  — 

"Per  cheveron  inverted  or  and  sable,  a  lion 
rampant.  Countercharged  crest,  a  demi-moor 
holding  in  dexter  hand  an  arrow,  and  in  sinister 
a  shield  or.  Motto :  Mors  potius  macula." 

J.  B. 
Dublin. 

"HERACLITUS  RIDENS,"  a  weekly  fly-sheet, 
issued  in  1681-2,  and  republished  in  1713,  runs 
over  with  abuse  of  Whigs  and  Dissenters.  It  is 
in  the  form  of  dialogues  between  Jest  and  Earnest. 
The  wit  is  coarse  and  strong,  and  the  book  is 
altogether  a  racy  specimen  of  peoples  English  in 
those  happy  days.  There  are  some  useful  his- 
torical and  literary  allusions  in  it.  It  lived  to  be 
eighty-two  numbers  old.  In  his  postscript,  at 
the  end,  the  author  alludes  to  his  successful  pre- 
servation of  the  nominis  umbra ;  wherein  he  says; 
"  he  has  had  such  a  felicity  (notwithstanding  all 
the  conjectures  that  have  been  made  of  him),  as 
that  he  is  not  more  publicly  known  than  the 
author  of  the  Whole  Duty  of  Man" 

Was  Heraclitus  Ridens  ever  revealed  ? 

B,  H.  C. 

THE  HOLY  HOUSE  or  LORETTO.  —  Not  long 
since,  I  read  a  letter  in  the  Daily  Telegraph  that 
the  Santa  Casa  has  been  removed  to  Milan.  Is 
this  a  fact?  And  if  so,  what  are  the  circum- 
stances ?  A  Loretto  guide-book  says,  that  angels 
carried  this  house,  in  1291,  from  Nazareth  to 
Tcrsatto  in  Illyria;  and,  in  1294,  from  Illyria  to 
Loretto.  B.  H.  C. 


74 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3"»  S.  V.  JAN.  23,  '64. 


KEV.  EDWARD  JAMES,  A.M.,  VICAR  or  ABER- 
GAVENNY  FROM  1709  TO  1719.  —  Can  and  will 
any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q-"  oblige  by  giving  some 
reference  where  to  find  any  further  particulars  of 
him,  and  did  he  leave  any  descendants,  and  their 
names  ?  GLWYSIG. 

"  MASSACRE  OF  THE  INNOCENTS." — 

"  Some  of  the  pictures  "  (at  Bruges)  "  are  overcrowded, 
and  absurdly  minute.  In  the  hospital  is  a  '  Massacre  of 
the  Innocents,'  by  Hamlin,  in  which  all  out-of-the-way 
methods  of  killing  are  exhibited.  Beneath  is  a  descrip- 
tion in  uncouth  Latin  and  Dutch,  which  I  am  sorry  I 
had  not  time  to  copy.  One  child's  throat  is  said  to  be 
too  small  for  the  dagger,  and  the  eyes  of  another  are  at 
the  back  of  its  cleft  skull,— illustrating  « oculos  per  vul- 
nus  vomit.' "  —  Journey  through  Holland  and  the  Nether- 
lands in  1777,  by  H.  Ward,  p.  56. 

I  do  not  think  that  there  is  any  such  picture 
now  in  the  hospital.  Any  account  of  this,  or  a 
copy  of  the  verses,  will  be  acceptable.  Is  Hamlin 
a  slip  of  the  pen  for  Memling  ?  T.  P.  E. 

WILLIAM  MITCHEL,  "  THE  GREAT  TINCLARIAN 
DOCTOR." — Can  any  reader  of  "  N".  &  Q."  supply, 
or  direct  me  to,  information  regarding  this  fanatic, 
who  published  many  indescribable  books  and  broad- 
sides in  Edinburgh  and  Glasgow  at  the  beginning 
of  last  century,  of  which  I  possess  a  few  ? 

"  The  reason  I  call  myself  the  Tinclarian  Doc- 
tor, '  says  he,  "  is  because  I  am  a  Tinklar  and 
cures  old  Pans  and  old  Lantruns,"  which  humble 
occupation  he  seems  to  have  neglected  and  set 
hiniself  up  for  a  Light  to  the  Ministers  and  a 
director  of  crowned  heads. 

Speaking  of  Popish  practices  abroad,  he  ob- 
serves, "  I  have  written  so  much  about  them  in 
my  French  Travels,  that  I  need  not  write  of  them 
here."  Is  this  book  of  the  Tinker's  known  ?  * 

J.  O. 

P.S.  The  Doctor  seems  to  have  been  at  one 
time  literally  the  Lamplighter  of  Auld  Reekie. 
When  the  magistrates  dismissed  him  from  that 
post,  he  assumed  the  more  spiritual  office ;  and 
his  pertinacity  in  teaching  both  the  clergy  and 
laity  in  his  incoherent  fashion  must  have  been 
sufficiently  annoying  to  the  Kirk.  Some  time 
ago  I  purchased  his  Testament,  in  which,  in  the 
usual  style  of  these  mad  prophets,  he  applies,  and 
inveighs  against  "  the  beast  in  the  Revelations, 
whose  number  is  six  hundred,  three  score,  and 
six."  If  the  ministers  had  had  the  lotting  of  this 
book,  they  could  not  have  retaliated  better  than 
the  auctioneer,  who,  as  may  be  seen  by  the  undis- 
turbed ticket,  accidentally  lotted  The  Great  Tin- 
clarian Doctor,  666 ! 

ORATORY  OF  PITT  AND  Fox  :  "  SANS  CULO- 
TIDES." — In  a  contemporary  satire — Sans  Culo- 


['  The  death  of  this  singular  character  is  thus  an- 
nounced in  The  Scots  Magazine  for  March,  1740  (ii.  143)  : 
"  William  Mitchel,  White-ironsmith,  Edinburgh,  well 
known  by  the  name  of  Tinclarian  Doctor."— ED.] 


tides,  by  Cincinnatus  Rigshaw,  Professor  of  Theo- 
philanthrophy,  &c.,  4to,  1800 — there  is  a  curious 
passage  illustrative  of  the  different  styles  of  ora- 
tory of  Pitt  and  Fox.  It  is  an  imitation  of 
Virgil's  eighth  Eclogue,  and  runs  as  follows  :  — 

"  Inconstant  man !  from  me  thy  fancy  roves, 
And  Pitt's  big  voice,  and  sounding  periods  loves  j 
Thou  lov'st  no  more,  when  I  impassion'd  speak, 
My  shrill-ton'd  treble's  energetic  squeak : 
Thy  taste  no  more  Judaic  charms  allows, 
My  chin's  black  honours,  and  my  shaggy  brows ! 
Begin  my  muse,  begin  the  plaintive  strain ! 
Hear  it  St.  Ann's,  and  hear  each  neighbouring  plain." 

]NTo  one  who  only  knows  the  two  great  states- 
men by  their  portraits,  could  suppose  that  the 
"big  voice  and  sounding  periods"  belonged  to 
Pitt — and  "  shrill  ton'd  treble's  energetic  squeak  " 
to  his  great  rival.  Among  the  readers  of  "N.  &  Q." 
there  are  still  some  who  must  have  listened  to 
them  both.  Will  they  kindly  give  myself  and 
your  readers  the  benefit  of  their  reminiscences  ? 
One  confirmation  of  the  statement  I  have  met 
with,  though  I  cannot  now  recollect  my  autho- 
rity, namely,  that  the  late  Lord  Stanhope,  in  his 
style  of  speaking,  bore  a  marked  resemblance  to 
his  distinguished  relative.  May  I  add  a  second 
Query  :  Who  was  the  author  of  Sans  Culotides  ? — 
obviously,  a  violent  Pittite.  S.  H.  Y. 

PETRARCHA.  —  I  have  three  editions  of  this 
poet,  that  of  Filelfo,  folio,  1481,  and  two. others. 
Reading  in  that  most  agreeable  of  bibliographers, 
Dibdin,  p.  756,  Lib.  Comp.,  he  says,  "  an  edition 
by  Rovillio,  18mo,  1574,  with  two  suppressed 
leaves.  The  previous  editions  of  Rovillio  are 
1550-1."  Now  on  examining  my  two  copies  I 
find  "  II  Petrarcha ;  in  Lyone  appresso  G.  Rovillio, 
1564,"  size  4  in.  by  2  in.,  printed  with  italic  letter. 
The  other  II  Petrarcha,  Venice,  by  the  well-known 
Nicolo  Bevilacqua,  1564,  size  of  the  text  4^in.  by 
2  in. ;  and  this  edition  has  a  preface  of  four  pages 
by  G.  Rovillio.  So  that  he  (Rovillio)  printed,  or 
caused  to  be  printed,  two  distinct  editions  of  the 
poet  in  the  same  year.  I  don't  think  this  has 
been  noticed  before.  Of  the  earlier  edition  above 
named  I  know  nothing.  I  should  be  glad  of  any 
information  concerning  the  suppressed  leaves  men- 
tioned by  Dibdin.  WM.  DAVIS. 

Hill  Cottage,  Erdington. 

PORTRAIT  OF  OUR  SAVIOUR.  —  In  the  Anti- 
quarian Repertory,  vol.  iii.  (ed.  1808),  p.  428,  I 
find  a  letter  from  Wm.  Lottie,  Canterbury,  dated 
July  15,  1780,  with  a  drawing  "  of  a  very  old 
picture  painted  on  oak  on  a  gold  ground." 

The  accompanying  drawing  in  the  Repertory  is 
a  very  fine  representation  of  our  Saviour,  bearing 
an  inscription  that  it  was  — 

"  Imprinted  by  the  predesessors  of  the  great  Turke, 
and  sent  to  the  Pope  Innosent  the  VIII.  at  the  cost  of  the 
Grete  Turke  for  a  token  for  this  cause  to  redeme  his 
Brother  that  was  takyn  presonor." 


3<-<*  g.  v.  JAN.  23,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Where  the  original  of  this  painting  was  at  the 
date  of  the  communication  (1780)  is  not  stated. 

From  the  newspapers  I  observe  that  a  cameo  j 
has  lately  been   discovered,  said  to   have    been 
executed  by  order  of  Tiberius,  and  supposed  to 
be  a  representation  of  our  Saviour. 

Could  any  of  your  correspondents  inform  me 
where  the  painting  above  referred  to  is  to  be 
seen  ?  What  resemblance  it  bears  to  the  alleged 
cameo,  and  if  the  painting  is  a  copy  of  the  cameo  ? 

ANON. 

MRS.  PARKER  THE  CIRCUMNAVIGATOR. — In  1795 
was  published  at  London,  in  8vo,  A  Voyage  round 
the  World  in  the  '•'•Gorgon'"  Man  of  War,  Captain 
John  Parker,  performed  by  his  Widow  for  the  Ad- 
vantage of  a  numerous  Family.  (Nichols's  Lit. 
Anecdotes,  ix.  158,  Gent  Mag.  Ixv.  941.)  ^  I  shall 
be  gJad  to  know  the  Christian  name  of  this  lady,* 
and  the  date  of  her  death.  The  work  appears, 
from  the  review  of  it,  to  be  of  a  very  interesting 
character.  S.  Y.  R. 

PERKINS  FAMILY. — Does  there  exist,  in  MS.  or 
in  print,  a  more  detailed  and  complete  history  of 
the  family  of  Perkins  than  the  one  to  be  found 
in  Burke's  Landed  Gentry  ?  A  reference  to  such, 
if  in  existence,  would  hugely  oblige  me.f 

F.  BERTRAND  D'ARFUE. 

QUOTATION.  —  Are  the  following  lines  by  Geo. 
Wither,  or  by  any  one  of  his  timer     Or,  are  they 
of  more  modern  and  less  illustrious  parentage  ? 
"  Oh  God  of  glory !  Thou  hast  treasured  up 
For  me  my  little  portion  of  distress ; 
But  with  each  draught,  in  every  bitter  cup 
Thy  hand  hath  mixt,  to  make  its  soreness  less, 
Some  cordial  drop ;  for  which  Thy  Name  I  bless, 
And  offer  up  my  mite  of  thankfulness." 

W.  CAMPBELL. 

SUSSEX  NEWSPAPERS. — I  have  in  my  possession 
the  first  number  of  the  Hastings  Chronicle,  6d. 
[July  29,  1829],  and  of  the  Brighton  Chronicle, 
2rf.  [May  13,  1829.]  The  latter  is  composed  of 
facetious  skits  on  contemporary  abuses,  but  the 
Hastings  production  is  of  a  more  pretentious 
character,  devoting  three  columns  to  a  "  retro- 
spective review  of  literature."  Did  any  subse- 
quent numbers  appear?  Is  anything  known  of 
the  contributing  staff  of  the  Hastings  Chronicle  ? 

Are  any  of  the  earliest  numbers  of  the  Sussex 
Advertiser  in  existence  ?  \  An  imperfect  copy  was 
sold  a  short  time  ago,  and  now,  I  believe,  forms 


[*  The  Dedication  to  the  Princess  of  Wales  in  the 
above  work  is  signed  M  Mary  Ann  Parker,  No.  6,  Little 
Chelsea." — ED.] 

tt  A  carefully  drawn -up  pedigree  of  the  Perkins  of 
Orton-on-the  Hill,  co.  Leicester,  is  printed  in  Nichols's 
Leicestershire,  vol.  iv.  pt.  ii.  p.  *854. — ED.] 

[J  A  perfect  set  of  the  Sussex  Advertiser,  from  its  com- 
mencement in  1825  to  the  present  time,  is  in  the  British 
Museum.— ED.] 


part  of  the  plant   of  that   newspaper,   but  the 
earlier  numbers  are  wanting. 

WYNNE  E.  BAXTER. 

PASSAGE  IN  TENNYSON. — To  what  does  Tenny- 
son allude  when  he  speaks  of  the  right  ear  filled 
with  dust,  in  the  following  stanza  from  his  poem  of 
the  Two  Voices  f  — 


"  Go,  vexed  spirit,  sleep  in  trust ; 
The  right  ear  that  is  tilled  with  dust 
Hears  little  of  the  false  or  just." 


M.  O. 


J.  G.  WILLE. — I  have  in  my  possession  a  large 
folio  volume  of  engravings  by  the  elder  Wille,  of 
which  I  can  find  no  mention  in  any  bibliographical 
work.  The  title  is  as  follows :  (Euvres  de  Jean 

Georges  Wille,  cele.br e  graveur  Allemand 

Paris,  1814.  Then  follows  a  Life  of  Wille  in 
English,  French,  and  German ;  and  after  that, 
forty-one  of  his  most  celebrated  plates.  At  the 
end  of  the  volume  is  a  "  Recueil  de  paysages  et 
autres  figures  ....  Paris,  1801 ;"  thirty-six  in 
number,  by  the  same  engraver. 

I  hope  some  of  your  readers  will  be  able  to  in- 
form me  how  many  copies  of  this  work  were  pub- 
lished ;  whether  the  engravings  contained  therein 
are  late  or  early  impressions;  and  what  is  its 
present  market  value.  J.  C.  LINDSAY. 

New  York. 


WILLIAM  DELL,  D.D.  —  Can  you  inform  me 
whether  the  "Mr.  Dell,"  who  was  sent  by  the 
Commissioners  as  one  of  the  ministers  of  religion 
to  attend  King  Charles  I.  before  his  execution, 
was  the  William  Dell,  afterwards  Master  of  Gonvil 
and  Caius  College,  Cambridge,  and  Rector  of 
Yeldon,Beds? 

Is  anything  known  of  William  Dell  beyond  the 
few  sermons  of  his  still  extant  ?  S.  S. 

[William  Dell,  D.D.  received  his  education  at  Emanuel 
College,  Cambridge,  where  he  was  chosen  Fellow,  and 
held  the  living  of  Yeldon,  co.  Bedford.  About  the  year 
1645  he  became  chaplain  to  the  army,  constantly  attend- 
ing Sir  Thomas  Fairfax,  and  preaching  at  head -quarters. 
On  May  4, 1649,  he  was  made  Master  of  Caius  College, 
Cambridge,  which  he  held  with  his  living  at  Yeldon  till 
he  was  ejected  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity.  Although 
tinctured  with  the  enthusiasm  of  the  times,  he  was  a  man 
of  some  learning,  with  very  peculiar  and  unsettled  princi- 
ples. Wm.  Cole  has  left  a  very  unfavourable  account  of 
Dr.  Dell  among  his  MSS.  He  says,  "  On  Dell's  appoint- 
ment as  Chaplain  to  the  General  Sir  Thomas  Fairfax,  at 
the  surrender  of  the  garrison  at  Oxford,  he,  among  others 
of  his  tribe,  was  sent  down  there  to  poison  the  principles 
of  that  university ;  and  on  the  morning  of  the  martyr- 
dom of  King  Charles,  he,  with  other  bold  and  insolent 
fanatical  ministers,  went  with  all  the  solemnity  becoming 


76 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[S**  S.  V.  JAN.  23,  '64. 


a  better  cause,  and  all  the  confidence  and  assurance  pecu- 
liar to  the  fanatical  tribe,  to  offer  their  unhallowed  ser- 
vices to  the  blessed  martyr,  whom  they  had  thus  brought 

to  the  scaffold Dr.  Dell  was  so  little  curious 

where  his  carcase  was  deposited,  that  he  ordered  himself 
to  be  buried  in  a  little  spinney,  or  wood,  on  his  estate 
in  the  parish  of  Westoning,  co.  Beds ;  and  I  was  told  by 
my  worthy  good  friend,  Dr.  Zachary  Grey,  that  his  son 
Humphrey  Dell,  riding  or  walking  by  the  spinney  with 
an  acquaintance,  reflecting  too  severely  as  a  son  upon  his 
father's  base  conduct  and  actings  in  the  late  Rebellion* 
could  not  help  exclaiming — pointing  to  the  place  where 
his  father  was  buried— <  There  lies  that  old  rogue  and  ras- 
cal, my  father !' "  (Addit.  MS.  5834,  p.  271.)  Dell's  works 
were  republished  in  2  vols.  8vo,  in  1817.  Vide  The  Non- 
conformist's Memorial  by  Calamy  and  Palmer,  ed.  1802, 
i.  258 ;  Neal's  History  of  the  Puritans,  ed.  1822,  v.  191 ; 
and  the  Monthly  Magazine,  xv.  426.] 

"  LINGUA  TERSANCTA,"  BY  W.  F.  —  Can  you 

give  me  any  information  concerning  the  following 
book  ?  Is  it  a  rarity,  or  of  any  value  ?  It  con- 
sists of  four  parts  each  having  a  separate  title- 
page  :  — 

"Lingua  Tersancta;  or,  a  most  Sure  and  Compleat 
Allegorick  Dictionary  to  the  Holy  Language  of  The 
Spirit ;  Carefully  and  "Faithfully  expounding  and  illustrat- 
ing all  the  several  Words  or  Divine  Symbols  in  Dream, 
Vision,  and  Apparition.  &c.  By  W.  F.,  Esq.,  Author  of 
the  New  Jerusalem.  London:  Printed  for  the  Author, 
and  sold  by  E.  Mallet  near  Fleet-bridge,  1703." 

The  other  parts  are  —  "  The  Fountain  of  Moni- 
lion,"  "The  Divine  Grammar,"  "The  Pool  of 
Bethesda  watch'd."  The  first  part,  the  title- 
page  of  which  I  have  given  at  length,  runs  (in- 
cluding an  index)  to  566  pages.  CLTJTHA. 

[This  work  appears  to  be  one  of  the  singular  produc- 
tions of  William  Freke,  Esq.  (a  younger  son  of  Thomas 
Freke,  Esq.  of  Hannington,  Wilts),  of  Wadham  College, 
Oxford,  and  afterwards  a  barrister  of  law.  He  wrote 
An  Essay  towards  an  Union  between  Divinity  and  Morality, 
1687,  8vo.  In  this  he  styles  himself  Gul.  Libera  Clavis, 
».  e.  Free  Key,  i.  e.  Freke.  Also  A  Dialogue,  by  way  of 
Question  and  Answer,  concerning  the  Deity :  to  which  is 
added,  a  Clear  and  Brief  Confutation  of  the  Doctrine  of 
the  Trinity,  1693 ;  which  he  sent  to  several  members  of 
parliament,  who  voted  them  to  be  burnt  in  Palace  Yard, 
the  author  being  indicted  in  the  King's  Bench,  1693,  and 
found  guilty,  the  following  year  was  fined  500/.,  and  to 
make  a  recantation  in  the  four  courts  in  Westminster 
Hall.  He  published  also  a  Dictionary  of  Dreams,  4to,  a 
medley  of  folly,  obscenity,  and  blasphemy.  Although  his 
understanding  was  deranged,  he  was  permitted  to  act  as 
justice  of  the  peace  for  many  years.  He  resided  at  the 
Chapelry  of  Hinton  St.  Mary,  co.  Dorset,  where  he  died 
in  1746.— Hutchins's  Dorsetshire,  iii.  153 ;  Wood's  Athena, 
by  Bliss,  iv.  740 ;  and  "  N.  &  Q."  2n*  S.  x.  483.] 

LEONARTIUS  PAMINGERUS. — There  is  a  curious, 
and  it  may  be  presumed  a  rare  collection  of 
Elegies  to  the  memory  of  this  person,  who  died 


on  May  3,  1567.    It  was  printed  at  Ratisbon  in 
August,  1568. 

His  portrait  is  given  at  the  end  of  the  volume, 
with  the  following  "  Hexastichon  "  above  it :  — 
"  Ista  Leonard  Pamingeri  effigies  est, 

Attamen  artificis  non  bene  sculpta  manu, 
Sic  igitur  paulo  melius  pingemus  eundem : 

Corpora  vir  praestans,  ingenioque  fuit, 
Et  bene  Christicola  de  posteritate  merendo, 
Extulit  harmonicis  dogmata  sacra  modis." 

The  woodcut,  notwithstanding  the  statement 
above,  has  every  appearance  of  being  a  good 
likeness.  Paminger  has  on  him  a  fur  robe,  and 
holds  in  his  hand  what  seems  to  be  a  music  book. 
He  is  represented  as  being  seventy-three  years  of 
age.  Where  can  any  account  be  found  of  him  or 
his  works?  J.  M. 

[Leonard  Paminger,  or  Pamiger,  an  eminent  musical 
composer  of  the  sixteenth  century,  resident  at  Passau, 
was  a  learned  man  and  intimate  friend  of  Luther.  He 
composed  a  great  variety  of  church  music,  edited  by  his 
son  after  his  decease,  and  published  at  different  periods, 
1573, 1576, 1580.  See  Dictionary  of  Musicians,  ed.  1824,  ii. 
259.] 

Miss  BAILEY.  —  The  popular  song  of  "  Unfor- 
tunate Miss  Bailey "  was  admirably  translated 
into  Latin  not  later,  I  think,  than  1807  or  1808. 
Can  any  one  oblige  me  by  stating  where  I  can 
find  the  Latin  version  in  question  ?  Eurydice  is 
dying  to  see  it.  ORPHEUS. 

[As  probably  many  others  would  be  as  pleased  to  see 
Miss  Bailey  in  her  Latin  costume  as  Eurydice,  we  sub- 
join a  copy  of  it : — 

"  Seduxit  miles  virginem,  receptus  in  hybernis, 
Prascipitem  quae  laqueo  se  transtulit  Avernis. 
Impransus  ille  restitit,  sed  acrius  potabat, 
Et,  conscius  facinoris,  per  vina  clamitabat — 
'  Miseram  Baliam,  infortunatam  Baliam, 
Proditam,  traclitam,  miserrimamque  Baliam.' 
"  Ardente  demum  sanguine,  dum  repsit  ad  cubile, 
'  Ah,  belle  proditorcule,  patrasti  factum  vile ! ' 
Nocturnae  candent  lampades — Quid  multa  ?  imago  dira 
Ante  ora  stabat  militis,  dixitque,  fumans  ira, 
'  Aspice  Baliam,  infortunatam  Baliam, 
Proditam,  traditam,  miserrimamque  Baliam.' 
" '  Abito— -cur  me  corporis  pallore  exanimasti  ? ' 
'  Perfidius  munusculum,  mi  vir,  administrasti  — 
Pererro  ripas  Stygias  —  recusat  justa  Pontifex, 
Suicidam  Quaestor  nuncupat,  sed  tua  culpa,  carnifex. 
Tua  culpa,  carnifex,  qui  violasti  Baliam, 
Proditam,  traditam,  miserrimamque  Baliam.' 
"  '  Sunt  mi  bis  deni  solidi,  quam  nitidi  quam  pulchri ; 
Hos  accipe,  et  honores  cauponabere  sepulchri ! ' 
Turn  Lemuris  non  facies  ut  antea  iracundior, 
Argentum  ridens  numerat,  fit  ipsa  vox  jucundior — 
'  Salve,  mihi  corculum !  lusisti  satis  Baliam ; 
Vale,  mihi  corculum !  nunc  lude,  si  vis,  aliam.' " 
It  was  written  by  the  Rev.  G.  H.  Glasse,  and  printed 
in  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  for  August,  1805,  vol.  Ixxv. 
pt.  2,  p.  750.] 

SUNDRY  QUERIES.  —  !.  When  an  Englishman 
would  say  " I  got  a  regular  scolding  for  that"  a 


S.  V.  JAN.  23,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


77 


Scotchman  would  say  "  I  got  my  kail  through  the 
reek  for  thaC  What  is  the  origin  of  this  last 
phrase  ? 

2.  Were  Superville's  sermons  ever  translated 
from  the  French  into  English  ? 

3.  Is  there  an  English  translation  of  Saurin's 
sermons  ?  Avus. 

[1.  Jamieson  explains  the  phrase,  but  does  not  give  its 
origin.  " « To  gie  one  his  kail  throw  the  reek,'  is  to  give 
one  a  severe  reproof,  to  subject  to  a  severe  scolding  match. 
'  If  he  brings  in  the  Glengyle  folk,  and  the  Glenfinlas  and 
Balquhidder  lads,  he  may  come  to  gie  you  your  kail 
through  the  reek.'  Rob  Roy,  iii.  75." 

2.  Daniel  de  Superville's  Sermons  have  been  translated 
by  John  Reynolds,   2  vols.  8vo.  York,  1812;    and  by 
John  Allen,  with  Memoirs,  Lond.  8vo,  1816. 

3.  James  Saurin's  Sermons  have  been  translated  by 
Robert  Robinson,  Dr.  Henry  Hunter,  and  Joseph  Sut- 
cliffe,  in  8  vols.  8vo,  fifth  edition,  1812.] 

MOTTOES  AND  COATS  OF  ARMS.  —  Could  you 
direct  me  in  what  book  I  can  find  the  mottoes 
used  by  some  of  the  nobility  (peerages  now  ex- 
tinct), with  their  coats  of  arms,  about  the  middle 
of  the  seventeenth  century  ?  The  crest  and  arms 
are  found  in  many  works  on  heraldry,  but  the 
mottoes  are  not  given  in  any  work  I  have  con- 
sulted. G.  W. 

[The  following  works  may  be  consulted :  Book  of  Fa- 
mily Crests  and  Mottoes,  with  4000  engravings  of  the 
Crests  of  the  Peers  and  Gentry  of  England  and  Wales, 
Scotland  and  Ireland :  a  Dictionary  of  Mottoes,  £c.  — 
Elvin's  Hand-Book  of  Mottoes,  translated  with  Notes  and 
Quotations,  12mo,  1860.  —  Fairbairn's  Crests  of  Great 
Britain  and  Ireland,  by  Butters,  2  vols.roy.  8vo,  1861.] 

"THE  ATHENIAN  MERCURY."  —  Over  what 
period  of  time  did  this  publication  extend  ?  Who 
were  the  writers  therein  ?  Are  copies  scarce  ? 

P.  A.  G. 

Dungannon,  Ireland. 

[The  Athenian  Mercury  was  a  continuation  of  the 
Athenian  Gazette  under  another  title,  both  of  them  super- 
intended by  that  eccentric  bookseller,  John  Dunton, 
assisted  by  the  Rev.  Samuel  Wesley,  Mr.  Richard  Sault, 
and  Dr.  Norris.  The  first  number  of  the  Athenian  Ga- 
zette was  published  17th  March,  1690-1,  and  that  of  the 
Athenian  Mercury  13th  Dec.  1692 :  the  last  number  came 
out  on  Monday,  Hth  June,  1697.  Both  works  at  last 
swelled  to  twenty  volumes  folio ;  these  becoming  jvery 
•scarce,  a  collection  of  the  most  curious  questions  and 
answers  was  reprinted  under  the  title  of  The  Athenian 
Oracle,  in  4  vols.  8vo.  Consult  Nichols's  Literary  Anec- 
dotes, iv.  74,  77 ;  v.  67-73 ;  and  "  N.  &  Q."  1"  S.  v.  230 ; 
vi.  436.] 

"  NOTES  TO  SHAKSPEARE."— Who  is  the  author 
of  Notes  and  Various  Readings  to  Shakspeare. 
Lond.  Edw.  and  Chas.  Dilly  ?  The  address  to  the 
reader  is  subscribed  "E.  C.,"  and  dated  1774.  I 


have  only  the  first  part.     Was  a  second  presented 
to  the  public  ?  WYNNE  E.  BAXTER. 

[This  appears  to  be  the  first  volume  of  Edward  Capell's 
Notes  and  Various  Readings  to  Shakspeare.  Lond.  1779-80, 
4to,  3  vols.  Vol.  iii.  of  this  work  is  entitled  "  The  School 
of  Shakspeare,  or  Authentic  Extracts  from  divers  English 
Books  that  were  in  print  in  that  Author's  Time,  evidently 
showing  from  whence  his  fdbles  were  taken,"] 


THE  LAPWING  :  CHURCHWARDENS'  ACCOUNTS. 
(3rd  S.  iii.  423  ;  v.  10.) 

I  thank  MR.  MAC  CABE  for  his  note,  as  it  throws 
light,  I  think,  on  an  old  provincial  word  that  has 
puzzled  me  very  much.  In  the  churchwardens' 
accounts  of  a  parish  in  Dorset,  1701-24,  I  found 
amongst  the  various  and  numerous  payments  for 
"  varments'  "  heads,  one  entry  which  all  inquiry 
had  hitherto  failed  to  elucidate,  viz.  the  payment 
of  one  shilling  per  dozen  for  "  popes,  pops,  or 
poops'  heads."  AVhether  bird  or  beast  remained  a 
mystery. 

In  the  parochial  accounts  of  Chedder,  Somerset, 
"  woope's  heads"  are  mentioned  —  a  synonymous 
word,  it  seemed  probable,  varying  with  the  dialects 
of  the  two  counties.  It  now  turns  out  that  pupu 
is  an  obsolete  French  word,  and  synonymous  with 
huppe,  hoop  (Bailey's  Dict.\  a  lapwing. 

Why  a  price  should  have  been  put  on  the  head 
of  this  harmless  and  beautiful  bird  I  won't  pre- 
tend to  say,  unless  it  were  from  the  mistaken 
opinion  that  it  fed  on  the  grain  in  those  cornfields 
which  it  often  frequented  for  the  purpose  of  pro- 
curing its  natural  food.  The  names  by  which  it 
was  known  in  this  country  150  years  ago  seem  to 

W. 


be  quite  obsolete  now. 


W.  S. 


Your  correspondent  W.  B.  MAC  CABE  wishes 
to  know  whether  "  the  lapwing,  so  remarkable  a 
bird  in  ancient  lore  and  legend,  holds  any  import- 
ance in  the  folk-lore  of  England."  I  am  not 
aware  that  the  lapwing  (Vanellus  cristatus,  Flem.) 
figures  at  all  as  a  remarkable  bird  in  ancient  lore. 
The  pupu  unquestionably  denotes  the  hoopoe 
(Upupa  epops),  a  bird  belonging  to  an  entirely 
different  order,  and  which  has  been  long,  and  is 
still,  regarded  in  the  East  with  superstition.  It 
is  the  tTroiJ/  of  the  Greeks,  and  the  upupa  of  Pliny, 
and  certainly  the  term  is  used  in  a  restricted 
sense  to  signify  the  hoopoe  alone.  In  my  article 
on  "  Lapwing,"  in  Dr.  Smith's  Diet,  of  the  Bible, 
I  have  endeavoured  to  show  that  the  hoopoe  is 
the  bird  meant  by  the  Hebrew  dukephath.  The 
Egyptians  seem  to  have  spoken  of  this  bird  under 
the  name  of  koukoupha  (see  Horapollo,  i.  55  ;  and 
comp.  Leeman's  notes;  Jablonki  Opera,  i.  s.  \.\ 


78 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


f  3<-d  S.  V.  JAN.  23,  '6-1. 


Bochart,  Hicrog.  Hi.  107-115,  ed.  Rosenmuller.) 
The  Arabs  call  ifc  liudhud;    corap.  Moore,  Lalla 
Roohh,  p.  395  (eel.  Lond.,  one  vol.  1850)— 
"  Fresh  as  the  fountain  underground, 
When  first  'tis  by  the  lapwing  found  "  — 

where  Moore  has  the  following  note  :  "  The  hud- 
hud  or  lapwing  is  supposed  to  have  the  power  of 
discovering  water  underground."  (See  "Lapwing, 
Smith's  Diet.)  The  blood  of  this  bird  was  be- 
lieved by  the  Arabs  to  have  supernatural  effects. 
To  this  day  they  ascribe  magical  powers  to  the 
hoopoe,  and  call  it  the  "Doctor."  As  to  the  old 
French  word  pupu,  I  refer  your  correspondent 
to  Belon,  L'Histoire  de  la  Nat.  des  Oyseaux,  p. 
293,  who  says  :  — 

"Nous  lay  donnons  ce  nom  (la  huppe)  a  cause  de  sa 
creste,  mais  les  Grecs  1'ont  nominee  epops,  a  cause  de  son 
cry.  Nous  la  nommos  un  puput :  car,  en  oultre  ce  qu'elle 
fait  son  nid  d'ordare,  aussi  fait  une  voix  en  chantant  qui 
dit  puput." 

I  need  not  say  that  the  account  of  the  materials 
which  are  here  said  to  form  the  nest  of  the  hoopoe, 
—  originally  proceeding  from  Aristotle,  though 
still,  I  believe,  credited  by  some  of  the  lower  orders 
in  France,  —  contains  a  gross  libel  on  the  bird, 
which,  it  is  true,  is  not  very  cleanly  in  its  habits, 
but  is  not  so  bad  as  is  reported. 

From  the  fact  of  the  lapwing,  or  peewit,  having 
a  crest,  and  being  a  better  known  bird  in  Europe, 
it  is  easy  to  see  how  la  huppe  might  occa- 
sionally be  used  to  denote  this  bird.  The  lap- 
wing, according  to  Dr.  Leyden,  quoted  by  Yar- 
rell  (Brit.  Birds,  ii.  484,  ed.  2nd),  is  still  regarded 
as  an  unlucky  bird  in  consequence  of  the  Cove- 
nanters in  the  time  of  Charles  II.  having  been 
discovered  by  their  pursuers  from  the  flight  and 
screaming  of  these  restless  birds. 

W.  HOUGHTON. 


PARISH  REGISTERS:  TOMBSTONES  AND  THEIR 

INSCRIPTIONS. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  226,  317.) 

If  it  would  be  performing  a  really  useful  work, 
and  if  others  will  take  it  up,  I  will  do  my  part 
by  copying  the  inscriptions  on  all  the  tombstones 
in  the  churchyard  of  my  parish.  I  have  often 
thought  of  doing  it,  but  have  never  had  resolu- 
tion. Some  of  my  friends  tell  me  it  is  not  neces- 
sary, for  that  the  parish  register  is  quite  enough 
for  all  purposes.  It  may  however  be  remarked, 
that  the  register  contains  the  date  of  the  burial, 
but  not  the  day  of  the  death,  as  the  stone  does. 
In  some  registers  I  know,  I  have  seen  occa- 
sionally both  circumstances  recorded ;  but  this  is 
rare.  And  the  stone  contains  more  than  the 
register.  It  generally  mentions  the  age  of  the 
deceased  person,  or  date  of  birth  ;  together  with 
some  genealogical  particular,  as  whose  son  or 


daughter.     ANTIQUARIUS  and  E.  are  quite  right 
in  advocating  the  desirableness  of  having  copies 
taken  of  all  parish  registers  down  to  the  time 
when '  they  first  began  to  be  made  in  duplicate. 
The  insecure  places  in  which  these  valuable  books 
are  kept,  in  most  parishes,  is  a  subject  deserving 
the  most  severe  censure.     I  know  instances,  and 
have  heard  of  others,  where  the  register  has  been 
burnt  or  otherwise  destroyed ;  because  it  was  in 
some  closet  at  the  vicarage  instead  of  safe  in  the 
parish   chest,  where  it   ought   to   be.      All   the 
original  registers  ought  to  be  deposited  in  some 
central  office  in  London  (accessible  to  the  public 
of  course),  and  an  attested  copy  of  each  one  fur- 
nished to  each  parish.     It  has  always  been  mar- 
vellous to  me  that  some  Member  of  Parliament 
has  never  taken  up  this  truly  national  subject. 
And  it  is  high  time  that  some  check  should  be 
put  upon  the  reckless  destruction  of  old  churches 
that  is  now  going  on  all  over  the  country.     How 
many    crimes    are    committed   in    the    name   of 
"  restoration  ! "     Of  course,  it  is  the  interest   of 
architects  to  knock  one  church  down,  and  build 
up  another.     A  clergyman  consults  an  architect 
on  the  state  of  his  church ;  and  then,  very  soon 
afterwards,    unconsciously  to    himself,    becomes 
little  better  than  a  puppet  in  the  hands  of  his 
architect.     Many  of  our  old  churches,  which  are 
now  being  levelled  with  the  ground,  might  be  re- 
tained to  the  admiration  of  generations  yet  un- 
born, if  the  spirit  of  preservation,  instead  of  the 
spirit  of  destruction,  were  more  prevalent  in  the 
land.    It  would  be  well  for  our  churches,  if  every 
vicar  of  a  parish  were  something  of  an  architect, 
for  so  indeed  he  ought  to  be.    In  that  case  he 
would  be  the  master  over  his  architect,  instead 
of  being  his  servant,  as  he  is  now  in  too  many  in- 
stances.    As  for  churchwardens,  they  need  not  be 
named ;  because  they  are,  generally,  three  degrees 
more  ignorant,  and  ten  degrees  more  pig-headed, 
than  their  betters.     It  has  long  been  a  dictum 
with  me,  that  not  one  clergyman  in  ten,  or  one 
churchwarden  in  a  hundred,  is  fit  to  have  the  care 
of  his   own  church    or  parish    register.      These 
are  hard  words,  no  doubt ;  but  I  beg  to  say  this 
opinion  has  been  forced  upon  me  by  clergymen 
and  churchwardens  themselves.     I  have  watched 
them  from  time  to  time,  and  have  found  them 
wanting.     Remember,  I  am  speaking  of  the  great 
majority  :  for  there  are  some  few  honourable  ex- 
ceptions, but  only  a  few.     Let  clergymen  study  a 
little  of  architecture,  and  a  little  of  antiquities;  and 
then  they  would  be  better  able  to  appreciate  the 
venerable  features  in  the  fabric  of  their  churches, 
and  guard  them  with  a  jealous  care  against  the 
sweeping  measures  of  an  architect,  or  the  igno- 
rance of  churchwardens.  P.  HUTCHINSON. 
Sidmonth. 


.V.  JAN.23,'C4.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


79 


ST.  PATRICK  AND  THE  SHAMROCK. 
(3rd  S.  v.  40,  60.) 

While  innocently  wandering  in  the  pleasant 
meads  of  literary  antiquities,  culling  a  flower  here 
and  there,  and  occasionally  interchanging  courte- 
sies with  congenial  spirits  delighting  in  similar 
pursuits,  I  find  that  I  have  unwittingly  stumbled 
into  a  perfect  Santa  Barbara  of  something  very 
like  odium  theologicum.  Of  course,  the  consequent 
explosion  took  place,  sudden,  fierce,  and  strong 
as  a  treble  charge  could  make  it,  but,  with  respect 
to  myself,  quite  innocuous  ;  in  all  good  feeling,  I 
earnestly  hope  that  the  magazine  has  suffered  as 
little  injury  as  the  intruder,  and  that  the  engineers 
have  not  been  hoisted  by  their  own  petards. 

First  in  place,  as  first  in  ability  and  candour, 
appears  F.  C.  H.  His  argument,  if  it  be  worthy 
of  the  name,  has  no  reference  to  what  St.  Patrick 
did  or  did  not,  but  as  to  what  he  (F.  C.  H.)  would 
do,  if  placed  in  similar  circumstances,  and  just 
amounts  to  this — I  would  do  it,  argal  St.  Patrick 
did.  Apart  from  its  obvious  weakness,  this  is  a 
most  dangerous  method  of  dealing  with  things 
spiritual.  Eliminate  the  beautiful  language  and 
florid  French  sentiment  from  M.  Kenan's  Vie  de 
Jexus,  and  we  shall  find  a  very  similar  absence  of 
reasoning,  if  I  may  so  express  myself,  impotently 
brandished  against  the  miracles  of  our  Saviour  — 
M.  Renan  cannot  work  miracles,  he  would  not  if 
he  could,  and  therefore,  &c.  &c.  I  have  not  the 
honour  of  being  personally  acquainted  with 
F.  C.  H.,  but  from  his  communications  in  this 
Journal,  I  believe  him  to  be  a  Christian  gentleman 
and  scholar,  a  man  of  common  sense,  and  more 
than  ordinary  ability ;  nevertheless,  he  must  ex- 
cuse me  for  not  placing  him  in  the  same  category 
as  St.  Patrick,  the  venerated  Apostle  of  my  much 
loved  native  land.  "  What  could  any  enemy  to 
Christianity  have  hoped  to  gain  by  inventing  such 
a  story  ? "  asks  F.  C.  H.  I  answer,  the  story  is 
one  eminently  calculated  to  throw  contempt  on 
the  sacred  mystery  of  the  Trinity ;  but  I  would 
certainly  despair  of  being  able  to  bring  F.  C.  H. 
to  my  opinion. 

With  respect  to  CANON  D ALTON'S  communica- 
tion^ I  am  sorry  to  say  it  is  characterised  by 
nothing  less  than  disingenuousness.  He  says, 
alluding  to  me,  "  Your  correspondent  supposes 
that  St.  Patrick  compared  the  Shamrock  to  the 
mystery  of  the  Trinity."  This  is  incorrect ;  my 
paper  was,  on  the  contrary,  an  objection  to  that 
supposition,  as  expressed  by  others.  Again,  he 
says,  "  ME.  PINKERTON  refers  to  the  well-known 
treatise  of  St.  Augustine  De  Trinitate"  This 
also  is  incorrect ;  I  referred  to  and  related  a  legend 
of  St.  Augustine,  said  to  have  occurred  when  he 
was  writing  De  Trinitote.  CANON  DALTON  then 
adduces  St.  Augustine's  verbal  illustration  of  the 
Trinity,  and  ends  by  saying,  "  I  maintain  that 


these  two  different  illustrations,  made  use  of  by  • 
St.  Patrick  and  St.  Augustine,  are  far  from  being 
absurd  or  egregiously  irreverent,"  thereby  im- 
plying that  I  had  applied  these  epithets  to  St. 
Augustine's  illustration  —  which  again  is  incor- 
rect. 

It  is  curious  to  observe  how  the  word  illustra- 
tion has  been  modified  by  F.  C.  H.  and  CANON 
DALTON,  since  they  first  used  it,  regarding  this 
alleged  act  of  St.  Patrick.  The  former  now  terms 
it  "  some  sort  of  illustration,  however  feeble  and 
imperfect,"  and  the  latter,  "  a  faint  illustration." 
To  illustrate  a  subject  is  literally  to  throw  light 
upon  it,  and  may  be  done  either  rhetorically,  or, 
in  our  commonest  use  of  the  word  at  the  present 
day,  by  a  pictorial  or  material  representation  ; 
the  latter,  of  course,  being  the  stronger  and  more 
forcible.  A  wretched  man,  named  Carlile,  a  few 
years  ago,  exposed  in  his  shop-window  in  Fleet 
Street,  a  hideous  engraving,  under  which  were 
the  words  "  Jews  and  Christians,  behold  your 
God !  "  A  Jewish  gentleman  smashed  the  pane, 
and  in  consequence  was  taken  before  a  magistrate. 
The  gentleman  pleaded  just  indignation  as  his 
excuse ;  while  Carlile  urged  that  the  engraving 
was  carefully  made  from  Scriptural  descriptions  of 
the  Deity.  The  magistrate  at  once  dismissed  the 
case,  observing  that  the  exposure  of  such  an  en- 
graving was  a  blasphemous  insult  to  the  com- 
munity at  large.  Suppose  Carlile  had  put  a 
shamrock  in  his  window,  and  had  written  beneath 
it,  Christians,  behold  your  Trinity  ! — would  the 
blasphemy  or  insult  be  any  the  less  ? 

I  could  say  something  of  the  word  comparison ; 
its  derivation  from  the  Latin  com  par,  signifying 
the  putting  together  of  equals  ;  of  the  well-known 
mode  of  comparison  by  illustration  ;  but  I  fear  it 
would  be  of  little  service  to  persons  seemingly 
ignorant  of  the  meaning  of  the  simple  word  tradi~ 
tion.  (Vide  3rd  S.  iv.  187,  233,  293). 

D.  P.  points  out  *'  that  the  appearance  of  the 
fleur-de-lys  on  the  mariner's  compass  has  no 
bearing  at  all"  upon  my  case.  As  in  the  same 
paragraph,  I  was  endeavouring  to  show  that  "  the 
triad  is  still  a  favourite  figure  in  national  and 
heraldic  emblems,"  I  am  certain  that  it  has  a  very 
extended  and  important  bearing.  For  D.  P.'s 
information  on  the  antiquity  of  the  mariner's 
compass,  I  am  obliged ;  but  as  an  old  sailor  and 
traveller  in  almost  all  parts  of  the  globe,  who  has 
long  studied  the  history  of  that  most  valuable 
instrument,  I  fancy  that  I  know  much  more  about 
it  than  is  to  be  found  either  in  Moreri  or  Du 
Fresnoy. 

The  legend  of  St.  Augustine,  which  D.  P. 
terms  a  well-known  incident  in  the  life  of  that 
saint,  is  not  apposite,  I  am  told.  If  words  have 
any  meaning,  it  was  not  intended  to  be  so.  I 
designated  it  as  charming  and  instructive,  while  I 
stigmatised  the  story  of  St.  Patrick  as  absurd,  if 


80 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3*4  S.  V.  JAN.  23,  '64. 


not  egregiously  irreverent.  As  these  last  words 
refer  to  a  simple  matter  of  opinion,  and  seem  to 
have  given  offence,  I  retract  them,  with  regret 
that  I  had  ever  used  them ;  though,  of  course,  my 
opinion  remains  unchanged.  And  it  is  consoling 
to  me,  in  this  case,  to  be  informed  by  F.  C.  H. 
that  "  no  one  is  bound  to  believe  the  tradition  of 
St.  Patrick  and  the  Shamrock."  Having  thus 
retracted  my  expression  of  opinion,  I  shall  con- 
clude with  a  matter  of  fact.  The  reply  of  F.  C.  H. 
though  feeble,  was  at  least  fair;  but  the  com- 
munications of  CANON  DALTON  and  D.  P.  are 
tainted  by  cither  a  stolid  misapprehension,  or 
wilful  perversion,  of  what  I  did  write.  And  I 
confidently  appeal  to  the  grand  jury,  formed  by 
the  intelligent  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  if  this  lan- 
guage be  too  strong  for  the  occasion. 

WILLIAM  PINKERTON. 
Hounslow. 


JOHN  SHURLEY. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  499.) 

This  author,  John  Shurley,  or  Shirley  (for  he 
wrote  his  name  both  ways),  was  a  voluminous 
writer  of  ephemeral  productions  in  the  last  quar- 
ter of  the  seventeenth  century.  He  is,  undoubt- 
edly, the  person  so  graphically  described  in  the 
following  passage  from  old  John  Dun  ton's  Life 
and  Errors :  — 

"  Mr.  Shirley  (alias  Dr.  Shirley)  is  a  goodnatured 
writer,  as  I  kno\v.  He  has  been  an  indefatigable  press- 
mauler  for  above  these  twenty  years.  He  has  published 
at  least  a  hundred  bound  books,  and  about  two  hundred 
sermons ;  but  the  cheapest,  pretty,  pat  things,  all  of  them 
pence  a-piece  as  long  as  they  will  run.  His  great  talent 
lies  at  collection,  and  he  will  do  it  for  you  at  six  shillings 
a  sheet.  He  knows  to  disguise  an  author  that  you  shall 
not  know  him,  and  yet  keep  the  sense  and  the  main 
scope  entire.  He  is  as  true  as  steel  to  his  word,  and 
would  slave  off  his  feet  to  oblige  a  bookseller.  He  is 
usually  very  fortunate  in  what  he  goes  upon.  He  wrote 
Lord  Jeffreys'*  Life  for  me,  of  which  six  thousand  were 
sold.  After  all,  he  subsists,  as  other  authors  must  expect, 
by  a  sort  of  geometry."— Edit,  1818,  i.  184. 

Besides  numerous  small  tracts  and  ballads, 
mostly  printed  by  "  William  Thackeray  in  Duck 
Lane,"  Shirley  was  the  author  of  the  following 
works,  chiefly  "  collections  "  as  Dunton  expresses 
it— a  list  very  far  short  of  the  "  hundred  bound 
books  "  which  came  from  his  ready  pen  :  — 

1.  The  Most  Delightful  History  of  Reynard  the  Fox 
in  heroic  verse.  4to,  1681. 

J.  The  Renowned  History  of  Guy,  Earl  of  Warwick ; 
containing  bis  noble  Exploits  and  Victories.  4to,  1681. 

3.  Ecclesiastical  History  Epitomiz'd.    8vo,  1682-3. 

4.  The  Honour  of  Chivalry ;  or,  the  Famous  and  De- 
lectable History  of  Don  Bellianis  of  Greece.    Translated 
out  of  Italian.    4to,  1683. 

5.  The  History  of  the  Wars  of  Hungary,  or  an  Ac- 
count of  the  Miseries  of  that  Kingdom.    12mo,  1685. 

6.  The  Illustrious  History  of  Women ;  the  whole  Work 


enrich'd  and  intermix'd  with  curious  Poetry  and  delicate 
Fancie.    8vo,  1686. 

7.  The  Accomplished  Ladie's  rich  Closet  of  Rarities. 
12mo,  1688. 

8.  The  True  Impartial  History  of  the  Wars  of  the 
Kingdom  of  Ireland.    12mo,  1692. 

9.  The  Unfortunate    Favorite;    or,  Memoirs  of   the 
Life  of  the  late  Lord  Chancellor  [  Jefferies].    8vo,  n.  d. 

When  T.  B.  says,  "  there  is  no  mention  of  him 
[J.  Shurley]  in  Bonn's  edition  of  Lowndes"  he  is 
in  error.  The  works  in  the  above  list,  marked  2, 
6,  7,  and  8,  are  duly  chronicled  by  Lowndes  ;  but 
under  Shirley,  not  Shwrley.  There  should  have 
been  a  counter  reference  under  the  latter  name. 
In  this  respect  much  might  be  done  towards  im- 
proving this  (with  all  its  errors)  valuable  hand- 
book to  the  literary  collector. 

Anthony  Wood  mentions  a  John  Shirley,  the 
son  ,of  a  London  bookseller  of  the  same  name, 
who  was  born  in  1648,  and  entered  Trinity  Col- 
lege in  1664.  But  for  the  certain  fact  that  this 
person  died  at  Islington  in  1679,  I  should  have 
imagined  him  to  have  been  the  John  Shirley  of 
whom  I  have  given  a  notice  ;  especially  as  Wood 
tells  us  "  he  published  little  things  of  a  sheet  and 
half-a-sheet  of  paper." 

Dunton,  it  will  be  seen,  calls  our  author  "  Mr. 
Shirley,  alias  Dr.  Shirley."  If,  therefore,  we  sup- 
pose him  to  have  been  originally  educated  for  the 
medical  profession,  he  may  have  been  the  author 
of  the  following  works,  unnoticed  by  Lowndes  or 
his  editor.  They  were  certainly  written  by  a  John 
Shirley  :  — 

1.  A  Short  Compendium  of  Chirurgery.    8vo,  1678. 

2.  The  Art  of  Rowling  and   Bolstring,  that  is,   the 
Method  of  Dressing  and  Binding  up  the  several  Parts. 
8vo,  1683. 

EDWARD  F.  RIMBAULT. 


FRENCH  CORONETS  (3rd  S.  iv.  372.) — In  answer 
to  M.  B.,  there  are  descriptions  and  engravings  of 
the  coronets  worn  by  the  French  nobility  in  Sel- 
den's  Titles  of  Honour,  and  in  the  Vicomte  de 
Magny's  Science  du  Blason.  Paris,  1858. 

F.  D.  H. 

BARONESS  (3rd  S.  v.  54.)  —  Foreign  titles  give 
no  rank  in  this  country.  The  daughter  of  a  baron 
would  be  received  as  the  daughter  of  a  baron  by 
the  style  to  which  she  is  entitled  in  her  own 
country.  G. 

THE  BLOODY  HAND  (3rd  S.  v.  54.)  —  Your  cor- 
respondent has  raised  TWO  questions  upon  false 
data  :  a  reference  to  one  of  the  thousand  patents 
which  exist  would  have  shown  that  no  such  grant 
was  made  to  baronets  and  their  descendants.  For 
their  greater  honour  and  distinction  all  baronets 
of  England  and  Ireland,  as  do  now  the  baronets  of 
the  United  Kingdom,  enjoy  the  privilege  granted 
to  them  and  **  their  heirs  male  "  of  their  body,  of 


3rd  s.  V.  JAN.  23,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


81 


bearing  in  a  canton  a  hand  gules,  which  was  in 
fact  a  grant  to  the  baronet  for  the  time  being, 
and  is  a  distinction  borne  by,  and  personal  to,  the 
individuals  enjoying  and  possessed  of  the  dignity. 
Such  a  grant  as  your  correspondent  alledges  would 
have  overshadowed  the  land  by  this  time  with  the 
"  Bloody  hand  of  Ulster."  G. 

ARMS  OF  SAXONY  (3rd  S.  v.  12,  64.)  —  Let  me 
add  a  passage  from  Fliessbach's  Muntzsammlung, 
to  what  DE  LETH  says  about  the  arms  of  Han- 
over :  — 

"Hannover  hat  kein  eigenthiimliches  Wappen.  Auf 
dem  Revers  der  Munzen  zeigt  sich  entweder  das  Alt- 
s'dchsische  rcnnende  Pferd,"  &c.  &c. 

JOHN  DAVIDSON. 

SATIRICAL  SONNET  :  Gozzo  AND  PASQUIN  (3rd 
S.  iii.  151.)  —  Chevreau  gives  a  sonnet  by  M.  des 
Yveteaux,  founded  on  Martial's  Vitam  quce  faci- 
unt  beatiorem  (lib.  x.  ep.  47),  and  says :  — 

"  Un  Abbe,  qui  avoit  lu  le  sonnet  crut  me  donner  quel 
que  chose  de  fort  bon,  en  me  dormant  a  Rome  le  sonnet 
qui  suit :  — 

"  Haver  la  moglie  brutta  ed  ingelosita ; 

Amar  chi  mai  veder  non  si  possa ; 

E  ritrovarsi  in  mar  quando  s'ingrossa, 
E  non  aver  da  chi  sperar  aita ; 
Lo  star  solingo  in  parte  erma,  e  romita ; 

Viver  prigione  in  sotterranea  fossa ; 

Haver  il  mal  Francese  insino  al  ossa ; 
E  cortegiando  strapessar  la  vita. 
Haver  Ferrari,  e  zingari  vicini ; 

Trattar  con  gente  cerimoniosa ; 
L'  haver  &  far  con  hosti,  e  vettorini ; 

Certo  rendon  la  vita  assai  noiosa : 
Ma  star  a  Roma  e  non  haver  quattrini, 

E  piu  d'ogn'  altra  insopportabil  cosa." 

Chevrceana,  t.  i.  p.  295,  Amst.  1700. 

Gravina  settled  at  Rome,  in  1685.  His  repu- 
tation was  high,  and  he  was  the  principal  founder 
rf  the  Arcadians  in  1695;  but  he  was  not  ap- 
pointed Professor  of  Civil  Law  till  1699.  His 
;emper  was  not  good,  as  may  be  seen  by  the 
quarrels  between  him  and  Sergardi,  and  probably 
le  was  unquiet  at  waiting  so  long  for  promo- 
tion. The  Letters  from  Roma  and  Bologna  are 
lated  1699^.  ^  Chevreau  does  not  say  when  he  met 
;he  "Abbe";  but  supposing  him  to  be  Gravina, 
ve  may  guess  that  the  sonnet  as  described  in  the 
Letters  was  written  in  an  impatient  spirit  before 
he  appointment,  and  the  sting  changed  from,  "to 
eek  promotion  at  Rome  without  ready  money," 
o  "star  in  Roma  e  non  aver  quattrini"  after  it. 
le  might  have  thought  the  sonnet  too  good  to  be 
Mt,  though  the  point  was  spoiled,  as  the  evil  of 
>eing  without  money  is  not  felt  more  at  Rome  than 
a  many  other  places.  I  think  this  is  enough  to  fix 
he  authorship  of  the  sonnet ;  but  would  Chevreauy 
rho  never  omits  an  opportunity  of  naming  a 
lever  or  illustrious  acquaintance,  have  called  so 
''Anguished  a  man  as  Gravina  "  Un  Abbe"  ? 

is  a  satirical  dialogue  been  Gobbo  (not 


Gozzo)  and  Pasquin,  of  which  I  cannot  give  an 
account,  not  having  been  tempted  to  read  enough 
of  it.  Though  probably  stinging  when  fresh,  it  is 
not  interesting  now.  The  title  is  — 

"Le  Visioni  politiche  sopra  gli  interessi  piu  recon- 
diti,  di  tutti  Prencipi  e  Republiche  della  Christianity, 
divisi  in  varii  Sogni  e  Ragionamenti  tra  Pasquino  e  il 
Gobbo  di  Rialto."  Germania,  1671,  24mo,  pp.  540. 

H.  B.  C. 

U.  U.  Club. 

BULL-BULL  (3rd  S.  v.  38.)  —  A  joke  on  this 
name  of  the  nightingale  is  told  as  having  been 
made  by  the  late  Lord  Robertson  (a  Judge  of  the 
Court  of  Session,  well  known  as  Peter  or  Patrick 
Robertson),  in  order  fully  to  see  the  wit  of  which, 
it  is  necessary  to  explain  to  your  English  readers 
that  in  the  Scotch  vernacular  the  word  "  cow  "  is 
pronounce^  "coo."  A  lady  having  asked  him, 
"  What  sort  of  animal  is  the  bull-bull  ?  "  he  replied 
"  I  suppose,  Ma'am,  it  must  be  the  mate  of  the 
coo-coo  "  (cuckoo).  G. 

Edinburgh. 

SALDEN  MANSION  (3rd  S.  iv.  373.)— KAPPA  will 
find  a  small  engraving,  with  a  history  of  the  old 
mansion  at  Salden,  and  of  the  branch  of  the  For- 
tescues  to  whom  it  belonged,  in  the  first  volume 
of  the  Records  of  Buckinghamshire,  published  at 
Aylesbury,  by  Pickburn,  for  the  Bucks  Archseolo- 
gical  Society.  F.  D.  H. 

MADMAN'S  FOOD  TASTING  OF  OATMEAL  POR- 
RIDGE (3rd  S.  v.  35,  64.)  —  In  Sir  Walter  Scott's 
novel,  The  Pirate,  there  is  the  following  note  :  — 
A  late  medical  gentleman,  my  particular  friend,  told 
me  the  case  of  a  lunatic  patient  confined  in  the  Edinburgh 
Infirmary.  He  was  so  far  happy  that  his  mental  alien- 
ation was  of  a  gay  and  pleasant  character,  giving  a  kind 
of  joyous  explanation  to  all  that  came  in  contact  with 
him.  He  considered  the  large  house,  numerous  servants, 
&c.,  of  the  hospital,  as  all  matters  of  state  and  consequence 
belonging  to  his  own  personal  establishment,  and  had  no 
doubt  of  his  own  wealth  and  grandeur.  One  thing  alone 
puzzled  this  man  of  wealth.  Although  he  was  provided 
with  a  first-rate  cook  and  proper  assistants,  although  his 
table  was  regularly  supplied  with  every  delicacy  of  the 
season,  yet  he  confessed  to  my  friend,  that  by  some  un- 
common depravity  of  the  palate,  everything  which  he 
ate  "tasted  of  porridge."  This  peculiarity,  of  course, 
arose  from  the  poor  man  being  fed  upon  nothing  else,  and 
because  his  stomach  was  not  so  easily  deceived  as  his 
other  senses." — The  Pirate,  vol.  ii.  chap.  xiii.  note  i. 

A  WYKEHAMIST. 

CHURCHWARDEN  QUERY  (3rd  S.  v.  34,  65.)  — 
In  answer  to  A.  A.  I  extract  the  following  :  — 

"  Sidesmen  (rectius  synodsmen)  is  used  for  those  per- 
sons or  officers  that  are  yearly  chosen  in  great  parishes  in 
London  and  other  cities,  according  to  custom,  to  assist 
the  churchwardens  in  their  presentments  of  such  offenders 
and  offences  to  the  ordinary  as  are  punishable  in  the 
spiritual  courts :  and  they  are  also  called  questmen.  They 
take  an  oath  for  doing  their  duty,  and  are  to  present  per- 
sons that  do  not  resort  to  church  on  Sundays,  and  there 
continue  during  the  whole  time  of  divine  service,  &c. 
Canon  90.  —  The}-  shall  not  be  cited  by  the  ordinary  to 


82 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  V.  JAN.  23,  '64. 


appear  but  at  usual  times,  unless  they  have  wilfully 
omitted  for  favour,  to  make  presentment  of  notorious  pub- 
lick  crimes,  when  they  may  be  proceeded  against  for 
breach  of  oath,  as  for  perjury."  Canon  117.— Jacobs 
Law  Dictionary,  1772,  sub  v. 

W.  I.  S.  HORTON. 

DEVIL  A  PROPER  NAME  (3rd  S.  iv.  141,  418, 
479.)— 

"Formerly  there  were  many  persons  surnamed  'the 
Devil.'  In  an  ancient  book  we  read  of  one  Rogerius 
Diabolus,  Lord  of  Montresor.  An  English  Monk,  Wil- 
lehnus,  cognomento  Diabolus.  Again,  Hughes  le  Diable, 
Lord  of  Lusignan.  Robert,  Duke  of  Normandy,  son  of 
William  the  Conqueror,  was  surnamed  '  the  Devil.'  In 
Norway  and  Sweden  there  were  two  families  of  the  name 
of  « Trolle,'  in  English,  « Devil ; '  and  every  branch  of 
their  families  had  an  emblem  of  the  devil  for  their  coat  of 
arms.  In  Utrecht  there  was  a  family  called  '  Teufel,'  (or 
Devil) ;  and  in  Brittany  there  was  a  family  of  the  name 
of  <  Diable.'  "—Monthly  Mirror,  August,  1799. 

W.  I.  S.  HORTON. 

WATSON  OF  LOFTHOTJSE,  YORKSHIRE  (3rd  S.  iv. 
515.) — The  following  may  assist  SIGMA  THETA  in 
his  inquiry  after  the  Watsons  of  Lofthouse,  York- 
shire. The  pedigree  in  the  British  Museum  is 
evidently  that  of  the  Watsons  of  Lofthouse  near 
Wakefield,  a  branch  of  the  Watsons  of  Bolton-in- 
Craven.  In  the  year  1493  W.  Watson,  of  Lofthouse, 
had  a  quarrel  with  Gilbert  Leigh,  Esq.,  about 
some  land,  and  referred  the  case  to  Sir  Ed.  Smith, 
and  Sir  John  York,  of  Wakefield,  for  arbitration. 
About  the  year  1600  John  Rooks,  of  Royds  Hall, 
near  Bradford,  mar.  Jennet,  dau.  and  co-heir  of 
Richard  Watson,  of  Lofthouse,  Esq. ;  soon  after 
which  event  the  family  appear  to  have  removed  to 
Easthaye,  near  Pontefract,  as  we  find  that  Ed- 
mund Watson,  of  Easthaye,  answered  to  the  sum- 
mons of  Dugdale  at  his  sitting  at  "  Pomfret,  7 
Apr.  1666,"  and  claimed,  —  Arms.  Argent,  on  a 
chevron  azure  between  three  martlets  gules,  as 
many  crescents  or.*  Crest.  A  griffin's  head  erased 
sable,  holding  in  his  beak,  or,  a  rose-branch  slipped 
vert.  "  For  proofe  hereof  there  is  an  old  glasse 
window  in  an  house  at  Loftus,  which  was  antiently 
belonging  to  this  family,  as  Mr.  John  Hopkinson 
affirms."  This  was  Mr.  Hopkinson,  the  Loft- 
house antiquary,  who  attended  Dugdale,  in  his 
Visitation  of  Yorkshire,  as  his  secretary,  and  com- 
piled the  MS.  pedigrees  of  the  Yorkshire  families, 
a  copy  of  which  is  in  the  British  Museum. 

I  do  not  trace  any  connection  between  the  Wat- 
sons of  Lofthouse  and  those  of  Bilton  Park,  who 
appear  to  have  sprung  from  the  North  Riding, 
and  to  have  acquired  Bilton  Park  by  purchase  of 
the  Stockdales.  See  Hargrove's  Knaresborough 
(Tc-ng),  and  Dugdaie's  Visitations  of  Yorkshire, 
K'l.  Surtees'  Society,  Whitaker's  Craven,  also  his 
Loidis  and  Elmete,  James's  Bradford,  and  the 
Richardson  Correspondence.  C.  FORREST. 

Lofthouse,  near  Wakefield. 


*  These  arms  alightly  differ  from  the  Wataons  of  New- 
castle, dr.  1514. 


LONGEVITY  OP  CLERGYMEN  (3rd  S.  v.  65.)  — 
The  gentleman  whom  PRESTONIENSIS  terms  the 
Rev.  Joseph  Rowley,  was  named  Joshua.  He  was 
a  son  of  Sir  Joshua  Rowley,  Bart.,  and  after  being 
educated  at  Harrow  School,  was  admitted  a  pen- 
sioner of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  March  29, 
1787,  and  a  fellow  commoner,  March  1,  1788,  pro- 
ceeding B.A.,  1791,  and  commencing  M.A.,  1794. 
C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

ARTHUR  DOBBS  (3rd  S.  v.  63.) — May  I  express 
a  hope  that  your  correspondent,  MR.  CROSSLEY, 
will  kindly  favour  us  with  some  particulars  from 
If  not  with  the  whole  of)  George  Chalmers's  un- 
published biography  of  Arthur  Dobbs  ?  Francis 
Dobbs,  whose  Concise  View  from  History  and 
Prophecy,  &c.  (Dublin,  1800),  is  certainly  a  curi-  ; 
osity,  was,  I  presume,  a  member  of  the  same 
family.  ABHBA. 

BISHOP  DIVE  DOWNES'S  "  TOUR  THROUGH  CORK 
AND  Ross"  (2nd  S.  ix.  45.) — Having  sent  a  query 
respecting  this  valuable  and  interesting  document, 
I  may  be  permitted  to  record  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  that 
"  the  whole  of  Bishop  Dive  Downes's  Tour  through 
the  Diocese  of  Cork  and  Ross,  in  1699  and  follow- 
ing years,  has  been  incorporated  into"  the  Rev. 
Dr.  Brady's  Clerical  and  Parochial  Records  of 
Corh,  Cloyne,  and  Ross,  of  which  two  volumes 
have  appeared  (Dublin,  1863).  ABHBA, 

OF  WIT  (3rd  S.  v.  30.)— MR.  PETER  CUNNING- 
HAM has  favoured  us  with  several  interesting  ex- 
amples of  the  various  uses  of  the  word  "  wit : " 
may  I  be  allowed  to  append  to  his  illustrations  one 
or  two  Biblical  passages  which  show  the  prosaic 
definition  of  the  term,  as  implying  ingenuity,  sa- 
gacity, discernment,  or  knowledge  generally  :  — 

"  For  I  was  a  witty  child,  and  had  a  good  spirit."  — r 
Wisdom  of  Solomon,  viii.  19. 

"I  wisdom  dwell  with  prudence,  and  find  out  know- 
ledge of  witty  inventions."—  Proverbs,  viii.  12. 

Holofernes  commends  Judith  for  her  wit,  or 
wisdom :  — 

"  And  they  marvelled  at  her  wisdom,  and  said,  there  is 
not  such  a  woman  from  one  end  of  the  earth  to  the  other, 
both  for  beauty  of  face  and  wisdom  of  words. — Likewise 
Holofernes  said  unto  her,  .  .  .  and  now  thou  art  both 
beautiful  in  thy  countenance,  and  witty  in  thy  words." — 
Judith,  xi.  20-23. 

I  suppose  the  earliest  use  of  this  word,  as  a  con- 
stituent, occurs  in  the  Anglo-Saxon,  witena-gemote, 
which  may  be  taken  to  have  represented  the  col- 
lective wisdom  of  the  nation  in  those  days.  What- 
ever may  have  been  the  intellectual  powers  of 
those  who  composed  the  witan,  we  may  presume 
that  the  knowledge  of  which  the  senators  gave 
proof,  was  solid,  prosaic,  and  practical ;  we  can 
hardly  fancy  a  sprightly  Saxon  cutting  jokes,  or 
capable  of  any  lively  association  of  ideas,  that 
could  find  its  embodiment  in  a  pun  worth  record- 
ing in  "  1ST.  &  Q."  F.  PHILLOTT. 


3'dS.  V.  JAN.  28, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


83 


ST.  MART  MATFELON  (3rd  S.  iv.  5, 55,  419,  483 
I  did  not  at  all  undertake  to  interpret  the  wore 
"  Matfelon  :  "  all  that  I  attempted  m  my  forme 
communication  was  an  approximate  verification  o 
the  meaning  said  by  competent  authority  to  hav 
been  traditionally  given  to  it. 

Pennant  undoubtedly  intimates  that  the  wore 
"  Matfelon  "  was  said  to  be  Hebrew  or  Chaldaic 
Chaldaic  being  formerly  employed  in  a  vagu 
sense  to  express  the  almost  identical  dialects  o 
Arabic    and    Syriac.      This    word,    "  Matfelon, 
after  allowing  for  the  corruptions  and  abbrevia 
tions  naturally  incident  to  its  use  for  centuries 
bears  so  strong  a  resemblance  to  the  Arabic  par 
ticiple  equivalent  to  the  word  "Paritura,"  tha 
even  if  I  quoted  Pennant  incorrectly,  yet  I  thin! 
it  more  probable  that  he  should  be  mistaken  in 
citing  a  current  tradition,  than  that  so  curious  a 
coincidence  should  be  entirely  unfounded.     Bu 
my  impression  is   that  I   quoted  Pennant  cor 
rectly ;  and,  at  all  events,  if  we  credit  Pennant' 
testimony  to  a  matter  of  fact,  i.  e.  the  existence  o 
such  a  tradition,  the  word  "Matfelon"  was  sup- 
posed to   express  one  of  the  sacred  functions 
assigned  by  the  divine  counsels  to  the  Blessec 
Virgin  Mary  in  her  relation  to  the  incarnation  o 
her  adorable  Son. 

Since  I  last  wrote  I  find  that  it  is  not  at  al 
necessary  to  regard  "  Matfelon  "  as  feminine,  anc 
abbreviated  from  "  Matvaladatum,"  because,  al- 
though in  opposition  with  "  Mary,"  Eastern  syn- 
tax commonly  admits  the  agreement  of  an  epithel 
in  gender  with  the  more  worthy  masculine  to 
which  it  may  refer.  In  tracing  also  the  wore 
"Matfelon"  to  the  Arabic  " Matvaladon,"  or 
"  Matfaladon,"  I  should  be  glad  if  one  of  your 
correspondents  would  supply  me  with  examples 
of  d  being  passed  over  in  rapid  pronunciation. 
The  d  is  nearly  =  the  hard  tht  and  this  is  dropped 
in  the  pronoun  them.  In  Greek  and  Sanscrit 
there  is  a  kind  of  interchange  of  the  letters  d,  s, 
and  h ;  some  Latin  supines  lose  the  d.  In  Eng- 
lish Cholmondeley  makes  Chomley,  Sawbridge- 
worth,  Sapsworth.  In  Scottish  bridge  makes  brigg, 
&c.  I  should  be  pleased  with  some  more  exam- 
ples. 


My  learned  friend  A.  A.  appears  to  ignore 
Pennant's  tradition,  and  therefore  my  remarks 
do  not  apply  to  his  suggested  interpretation. 
But,  I  would  ask,  are  any  examples  of  a  similar 
form  m  dedicating  churches  ?  Would  the  name 
of  God  be  subjoined  even  to  that  of  his  greatest 
saints?  J  R 

St.  Mary's,  Great  Ilford. 

QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (3rd  S.  v.  62.)  —  I  have 
been  accustomed  to  the  following  form  of  the 
verses :  "  Hoc  est  nescire,"  etc. :  — 

"  Qui  Christum  noscit,  sat  est  si  oetera  nescit : 
Qui  Christum  nescit,  nil  scit,  si  cietera  noscit." 


I  have  seen  these  verses  attributed  to  St.  Au- 
gustin.  The  thought  was  very  likely  his  origi- 
nally, but  the  verses  smack  rather  of  mediaeval 
quaintness.  F.  C.  H. 

MRS.  FITZHERBERT  (3rd  S.  iv.  411,  522  ;  v.  59.) 
I  was  personally  acquainted  with  Mrs.  Fitzher- 
bert,  and  have  long  been  intimate  with  her  re- 
latives and  connexions  ;  and  I  have  always  heard 
that  she  never  had  a  child  at  all.  Indeed  I  have 
not  the  least  doubt  that  this  is  correct. 

F.  C.  H. 

0  ONE  SWALLOW  DOES  NOT  MAKE  A  SUMMER  " 
(3rd  S.  v.  53.)— The  late  ingenious  Dr.  Forster, 
in  his  Circle  of  the  Seasons,  quotes  a  line  from 
Horace,  connecting  the  Zephyrs  of  Spring  with 
the  arrival  of  the  swallow  :  — 

"  Cum  Zephyris  si  concedes  et  hirundine  prima." 
He  also  mentions  that  the  swallow's  return  was 
a  holiday  for  children  in  Greece,  in  anticipation 
of  which  they  used  to  exclaim  :  — 


He  quotes  some  poet,  to  him  unknown,  who 
says,  writing  of  Spring :  — 

"  The  swallow,  for  a  moment  seen, 
Skimmed  this  morn  the  village  green ; 
Again  at  eve,  when  thrushes  sing, 
I  saw  her  glide  on  rapid  wing, 
O'er  yonder  pond's  smooth  surface,  when 
I  welcomed  her  come  back  again." 

Dr.  Forster  gives  the  15th  of  April  as  "  Swal- 
low Day,"  and  as  named  in  the  Ephemeris  of 
Nature,  X.e\i$ovo<j>opia ;  and  he  mentions  that  the 
west  wind  is  called  in  Italy  Chelidonius,  from  its 
blowing  about  the  time  of  the  swallow's  appear- 
ance. All  these  passages  bear  upon  the  subject 
of  MR.  HEATH'S  enquiry,  as  connecting  the  swal- 
low with  the  first  return  of  Spring.  F.  C.  H. 

I  can  refer  MR.  HEATH  to  one  modern  poet, 
who,  in  a  well-known  passage,  connects  the  swal- 
ow  with  the  earlier  of  the  two  seasons  :  — 
" .        .        .        .        underneath  the  eaves, 

The  brooding  swallows  cling ; 

As  if  to  show  me  their  sunny  backs, 

And  twit  me  with  the  Spring." 

Hood's  Song  of  the  Shirt. 
ALFRED  AINGER. 
Alrewas,  Lichfield. 

PSALM  xc.  9.  (3rd  S.  v.  57.)  —  The  following 
xtract,  from  a  very  striking  sermon  by  the  Rev. 

A.  J.  Morris  (I  believe)  an  Independent  minister, 
nay  be  interesting  to  MR.  DIXON,  and  to  other 
eaders : — 
"  '  We  spend  our  years  as  a  tale  that  is  told.'    The 

words  scarcely  give  the  true  idea.  *  That  is  to]d,'  is  in 
alics,  the  sign  of  insertion  by  the  translators :  there  is 
othing  answering  to  it  in  the  original.  Instead  of '  tale,' 
le  margin  has  '  meditation ; '  'we  spend  our  years 
8  a  meditation.'  But  even  this  hardly  gives  the  full 


84 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[8'd  S.  V.  JAK.  23,  >64. 


thought.  Hengstenberg  observes,  that  the  word  'can- 
not signify  a  conversation,  a  tale:  for  it  always  de- 
notes something  inward,  and  is  never  used  of  a  conver- 
sation with  another.  As  little  can  it  denote  a  pure 
thought,  for  the  noun  in  the  other  two  passages  where  it 
occurs  stands  for  something  loud ;  and  the  verb  properly 
denotes,  not  the  pure  thought,  but  what  is  intermediate 
between  thought  and  discourse.  The  Psalmist  compares 
human  existence,  as  regards  its  transitory  nature,  to  a 
soliloquy,  which  generally  bears  the  character  of  some- 
thing transitory  and  broken.  The  mind  does  not  ad- 
vance beyond  single  half-uttered  words  and  sentences, 
and  soon  retires  again  into  the  region  of  pure  thought. 
To  such  a  transitory  murmur  and  ejaculation  is  that 
human  life  compared,  which  stupid  dreamers  look  upon 
as  an  eternity.' 

"  The  word  occurs  twice :  in  Job  xxxvii.  2, — « Hear 
attentively  the  noise  of  his  voice,  and  the  sound  that 
goeth  out  of  his  mouth ;'  and  Ezekiel  ii.  10, — '  And  there 
was  written  therein  lamentations,  and  mourning,  and  woe.' 
In  the  first  passage,  the  reference  is  to  the  thunder,  the 
loud  and  sudden  claps  of  thunder,  which  is  the  voice,  the 
utterance,  the  grand  soliloquy  of  God.  In  the  second 
passage,  the  word  describes  the  broken  accents  of  grief—- 
the abrupt  and  incomplete  exclamations  of  deep  and 
overwhelming  sorrow.  So  when  life  is  described  in  the 
text :  the  meaning  is,  that  it  is  a  brief  and  broken  ex- 
clamation, a  hurried  voice,  a  short  and  startling  sound, 
which  soon  is  lost  in  the  silence  of  eternity." 

ALFRED  AINGER. 

Alrewas,  Lichfield. 

QUOTATION:  "AuT  TU  MORUS  ES,"  ETC.  (3rd 
S.  iv.  515;  v.  61.)  — The  story  mentioned  by 
your  correspondents  is  of  very  doubtful  authority. 
Jortin  ignores  it.  Knight  knows  nothing  of  it. 
It  is  nowhere  noticed  in  Erasmus's  own  works. 
The  German  writers,  Hess  and  Muller,  do  not 
even  allude  to  it.  Burigni  narrates  the  tale  on 
very  doubtful  evidence.  His  words  are  :  — 

"  Des  Auteurs,  dont  le  suffrage  a  la  ve'rite'  n'est  pas 
d'un  grand  poids,  ont  pre'tendu  que  la  connaissance  de 
Morus  et  d'Erasme  avait  commence  d'une  faoon  singu- 
liere,"  etc. 

And  he  refers,  for  the  origin  of  the  incident,  to 
"  Vanini  et  Garasse,  Doctrine  curieuse,  lib.  i.  s.  7, 
p.  44."  (Vie  (FJErasme,  i.  184.)  There  is  one 
circumstance  which  seems  at  once  to  render  the 
story  incredible.  The  scene  of  it  is  laid  in 
London,  after  More  had  become  famous.  Now 
Erasmus  was  at  Oxford  in  1479,  probably  at  the 
very  time  that  More  was  resident  there.  He 
distinctly  mentioned  More  (ep.  62)  among  the 
friends  whose  acquaintance  he  had  made  at  Ox- 
ford, Charnock  and  Colet.  It  is  scarcely  likely 
that  two  such  men  should  have  been  residing  at 
the  University  at  the  same  time ;  and  have  pos- 
sessed mutual  friends,  and  yet  have  never  met 
ill  a  later  period  in  London.  But  if  the  date  of 
the  story  be  referred  to  the  time  when  More  had 
become  Chancellor,  i.  e.  in  1529,  or  even  after  he 
had  been  knighted,  t.  e.  about  1517,  its  absurdity 
is  manifest ;  as  it  is  quite  certain,  from  numerous 
letters,  that  Erasmus  and  More  had  often  met 
before  these  dates ;  and  we  know  that  the  En- 


comium Moria  was  completed,  in  1510,  in  More's 
own  house.  W.  J.  D. 

SIR  EDWARD  MAT  (3rd  S.  v.  35,  65.)  — R.  W. 
should  have  mentioned  where,  in  Burke' s  Extinct 
and  Dormant  Baronetcies,  the  pedigree  of  this  baro- 
net is  given.  From  his  arms,  "  Gu.  a  fesse  between 
eight  billets  or,"  he  was  clearly  of  the  family  of 
the  Mays  of  Kent,  of  which  one  of  the  late  repre- 
sentatives, the  eccentric  but  amiable  and  worthy 
Walter  Barton  May,  Esq.,  built  Hadlow  Castle, 
near  Tunbridge,  a  singular  and  handsome  struc- 
ture, after  the  fashion  of  Beckford's  Fonthill 
Abbey.  It  is  now  the  property  of  Robert  Rodger, 
Esq.,  J.  P.  A. 

SCOTTISH  GAMES  (3rd  S.  iv.  230.)  —  Permit  me 
to  help  in  the  elucidation  of  my  own  queries  on 
this  subject.  I  would  remark  that  I  naturally 
thought  it  needless  to  refer  to  Jamieson's  Dic- 
tionary, when  one  so  learned  in  Scottish  matters 
as  Mr.  Fraser  Tytler  indicated  ignorance ;  but  I 
have  done  so,  and  the  following  is  the  result :  — 
Prop=  a  mark  or  object  at  which  to  aim  (only 
reference,  Dunbar's  Poems,  Bannatyne  ed.  p.  53.) 
Sax.  Prap.  It  means  a  thing  supported,  propped 
up.  This  justifies  my  "Aunt  Sally"  conjecture. 
"  Lang  Bowlis,"  =  "  a  game  much  used  in  Angus, 
in  which  heavy  leaden  bullets  are  thrown  from  the 
hand.  He  who  flings  his  bowl  furthest,  or  can 
reach  a  given  point  with  fewest  throws,  is  the 
victor.  It  is  not  "  Golf"  then ;  but  "  Row-bowlis," 
as  distinguished  from  "  Lang  Bowlis,"  is  likely  to 
be  our  modern  game  of  bowls  —  the  bowls  used 
in  it  resembling  (and  perhaps  originally  they 
were)  bullets.  There  is  no  trace  of  the  game  in 
Jamieson.  "  Kiles  "  are  referred  to  in  Jamieson 
as  "  Keils,"  not,  however,  as  Scotch ;  and  the  de- 
finition given  of  cognate  words  supports  my  sug- 
gestion that  "  nine  pins  "  is  meant.  There  is  no 
trace,  so  far  as  I  can  see,  of  "  Irish  Gamyne  "  in 
Jamieson.  "  Tables  "  must  be  chess  or  draughts. 
Jamieson  quotes  "  Inventories,  A  1539,  p.  49,"  in 
which  distinction  is  made  between  "  table  men  " 
and  "  chess  men,"  but  he  thinks  "  tables  "  never 
meant  draughts,  only  chess  and  dice.  Perhaps 
Mr.  Tytler's  construction  misled  me  in  thinking 
he  asked  the  meaning  of  "  Tables."  He  must 
have  known.  J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

CENOTAPH  OF  THE  79TH  REGIMENT  AT  CLIFTON 
(3rd  S.  v.  11.)  —  In  compliance  with  the  sugges- 
tion of  your  correspondent  M.  S.  R.,  I  send  you 
the  following,  copied  from  the  cenotaph  in  front 
of  Manilla  Hall,  Clifton  :  — 

OFFICERS    OF  THE  79rH  REG.   WHO  FELL  IN  ASIA. 

Field  Officers.— C.  Brereton,  J.  Moore. 

Captains.  —  Huntcall,  Stewart,  Wingfield,  Delaval, 
Chisholm,  Cheshyre,  Upfield,  Strachan,  Muir,  Moore. 

Lieutenants.— Whaley,  G.  Browne,  Hopkins,  Robinson, 
T.  Browne,  Le  Grand,  Winchelsea,  Roston,  Campbell, 
Fryer,  Turner,  Richbell,  Bouchier,  Bristed,  Ilardwick. 


3*  S.  V.  JAN.  23,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


85 


your  correspondent  points  to  the  particular 
les  of  the  Annual  Register  and  Gentleman's 


Ensigns.— Collins,  Paslette,  La  Tour,  Hosier,  M'Mahon 
Surgeons.— Smith,  Atherton. 

As 

volumes 

Magazine,  in  which  the  Latin  inscription  and  a 
translation  are  to  be  found,  I  do  not  send  them 
with  this,  but  the  names  and  dates  of  the  battles 
(of  which  he  desires  to  be  informed)  inscribed  on 
the  cenotaph  are  as  follow  :  — 

The  lines  of  Pondicherry  stormed,  Sept.  10, 1760. 

Pondicherry  surrendered,  Jan.  16,  1761. 

Carricall  taken,  April  5,  1760. 

Siege  of  Madras  raised,  Feb.  17, 1759. 

Battle  of  Wandewash,  Jan.  22, 1760. 

Arcot  recovered,  Feb.  10,  1760. 

Manilla  Hall,  which  was  built  on  Clifton  Downs 
by  Sir  Wm.  Draper  soon  after  his  return  from 
the  capture  of  Manilla  from  the  Spaniards,  is  now 
the  Boarding  School  of  C.  T.  Hudson,  M.A.  of 
St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  for  some  years 
Head  Master  of  the  Bristol  Grammar  School. 

The  cenotaph  in  question  stands  on  the  right- 
hand  of  the  portico  (as  you  come  out  of  the  hall), 
and  on  the  left-hand  is  a  handsome  obelisk,  some 
twenty-five  or  thirty  feet  high,  to  the  memory  of 
Lord  Chatham,  bearing  this  inscription  :  — 

"  GULIELMO  PITT,  Com.  de  Chatham :  Hoc  Amicitiae 
privatae  Testimonium,  simul  et  Honoris  public!  Monu- 
mentum  posuit  Gulielmus  Draper." 

J.  C.  H. 

RELIABLE  (3rd  S.  v.  58.)— The  strictures  of 
J.  C.  J.  on  the  new-coined  word  "  reliable,"  are 
more  confident  than  convincing. 

As  I  have  not  had  the  advantage  of  seeing  what 
he  may  have  previously  written  on  the  subject,  I 
cannot  judge  whether  he  has  shown  that  it  is  "  a 
mistake  to  consider  the  terminations  -ble  and 
-able  equivalent  to  Passive  Infinitives,"  but  as  the 
word  under  discussion  is  intended  by  those  who 
employ  it  to  come  under  that  rule,  this  is  imma- 
terial. The  objection  to  its  construction  is  ob- 
vious. It  expresses  only  "  to  be  relied,"  whilst 
it  is  meant  to  express  "to  be  relied  upon."  It 
may  possibly  be  that  other  words  in  common  use 
have  an  equally  defective  formation,  but  that  is 
no  justification  for  encumbering  the  language 
with  more  of  such  awkwardnesses.  "  Depend- 
able" is,  to  use  J.  C.  J.'s  phrase,  an  "  exactly 
corresponding  word1'  with  reliable,  which  "  cre- 
dible "  (to  be  believed)  is  not. 

J.  C.  J.  maintains  that  the  word  supplies  a  de- 
ficiency in  the  language,  and  he  rests  his  plea  on 
the  broad  allegation  that  "trust"  and  its  deriva- 
tives are  "  properly  "  limited  to  personal  applica- 
tion. I  altogether  demur  to  so  arbitrary  a  re- 
striction. To  "  trust  a  tale,"  "trust  his  honesty," 
"  trust  his  heels,"  £c.  &c.,  vide  Shakspeare, 
passim. 

"  He  might  in  some  great  and  trusty  business  in  a  main 
danger  fail  you."— Ail's  Well  that  Ertdt  Well, 


In  what  old  romance  does  the  valiant  knight 
fail  to  boast  of  his  "  trusty  blade  "  ? 

"  Trustworthy  data"  —  "  trustworthy  facts," 
"  trustworthy  documents,"  &c.  &c.,  are  phrases  of 
everyday  occurrence,  and  I  must  take  leave  to 
assert  not  less  correct  than  common. 

"  Trustworthy "  itself  is  not  a  word  of  great 
antiquity ;  but  as  I  consider  it,  till  better  proof 
be  offered  to  the  contrary,  to  answer  every  pur- 
pose for  which  "  reliable"  or  "  dependable"  can 
be  required,  I  must  unite  in  the  protest  against 
the  intrusion  of  adjectives  — 

"...  Scarce  half  made  up, 
And  that  so  lamely  and  unfashionably ;  " — 

and  it  is  a  satisfaction  to  me  to  observe  that  the 
use  of  "  reliable  "  is  hitherto  confined  to  a  class 
of  writers  little  likely  to  influence  aspirants  to  a 
pure  English  diction.  X. 

LEWIS  MORRIS  (3rd  S.  v.  12.) — I  have  amongst 
my  books  a  large-paper  copy  of  the  first  edition 
of  Cambria  Triumphans,  by  Percy  Enderbie, 
which  was  once  the  property  of  Fabian  Philipps, 
the  author  of  Veritas  Inconcussa,  and  has  his  au- 
tograph on  the  title-page.  One  hundred  and  two 
years  after  its  publication,  the  book  became  the 
property  of  Lewis  Morris,  the  antiquary ;  whose 
autograph,  with  the  date  1753,  is  also  on  the  title- 
page.  On  one  of  the  fly-leaves  is  the  following 
note :  — 

"  This  copy  of  Cambria  Triumphans  belonged  to  that 
distinguished  antiquary,  Lewis  Morris;  the  marginal 
notes  are  in  his  own  handwriting.  This  book  was  given 
to  me  by  his  son  William  Morris,  of  Gwaelod,  near 
Aberystwith,  Cardiganshire,  S.  W.— Eobt.  F.  GreviUe." 

This  very  rare  book  passed  into  my  hands  after 
the  dispersion  of  the  library  of  the  Hon.  Kobert 
Greville  about  two  years  ago.  I  wish  that  I 
could  aSbrd  H.  H.  more  information  on  the  sub- 
ject of  Lewis  Morris  ;  but  I  have  shown  that,  not 
many  years  ago,  he  had  a  son  living  at  Gwaelod, 
who  is  perhaps  yet  alive. 

JOHN  PAVIN  PHILLIPS. 

Haverfordwest. 

SOCRATES'  DOG  (3rd  S.  iv.  475.)— G.  R.  J.  will 
find  the  following  in  Bryant's  Mythology,  vol.  ii. 
p.  34 :  — 

'  It  is  said  of  Socrates  that  he  sometimes  made  use  of 
an  uncommon  oath,  /uot  rbv  KVVO.  ncal-rbi/  xijva,  by  the  dog 
and  goose,  which  at  first  does  not  seem  consistent  with 
the  'gravity  of  his  character.  But  we  are  informed  by 
Porphyry,  that  this  was  not  done  by  way  of  ridicule :  for 
Socrates  esteemed  it  a  very  serious  and  religious  mode  of 
attestation :  and  under  these  terms  made  a  solemn  appeal 
to  the  son  of  Zeus." 

Thus  far  the  learned  Bryant ;  what  reference 
the  oath  has  to  Bible  matters,  I  cannot  now  dis- 
uss  ;  but  Daniel,  xii.  1,  has  reference  to  it.* 

LE  CHEVALIER  Du  CIGNE. 

*  ••  And  at  that  time  chall  Michael  stand  wp,"  £c«;    A 


86 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[S"»  S.  V.  JAN.  23,  '64. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

The.  Psalms  interpreted  of  Christ.  By  the  Rev.  Isaac  Wil- 
liams, B.D.  Vol.  I.  (Rivingtons.) 
Those  of  our  readers  who  are  acquainted  with  Mr. 
Williaras's  volumes  on  the  Gospels,  will  know  what  to  ex- 
pect in  this  Interpretation  of  the  Psalms.  They  will  find 
the  same  accumulation  of  patristic  learning,  the  same 
devotion  to  the  very  letter  of  Holy  Scripture,  the  same 
vein  of  kindly  thoughtful  piety.  Mr.  Williams  ("as  might 
be  expected)  adopts  that  system  of  interpretation,  which 
supposes  all  the  Psalms  of  David  to  be  spoken  in  the 
person  of  Christ,  which  St.  Augustine  has  worked  out  in 
his  Enarrationes,  and  with  which  English  readers  have 
been  familiarised  by  the  Exposition  of  Bishop  Home.  It 
is  matter  of  interest  to  see  this  old  patristic  interpreta- 
tion rising  up  now-a-days,  and  not  afraid  to  confront  the 
rude  trenchant  spirit  of  modern  criticism. 

Alexandri  Neckam  De  Naturis  Rerum  Libri  Duo.  With 
the  Poem  of  the  same  Author,  De  Laudibus  Divines 
Sapiential.  Edited  by  Thomas  Wright,  Esq.,  M.A.,  &c. 
Published  under  the  Direction  of  the  Master  of  the  Rolls. 
(Longman.) 

The  present  volume  furnishes  a  very  curious  addition 
to  the  Series  of  Chronicles  and  Memorials  of  Great  Britain 
and  Ireland  during  the  Middle  Ages,  now  publishing 
under  the  direction  of  Sir  John  Romilly,  for  it  supplies 
us,  in  Neckam's  Treatise  De  Naturis  Rerum,  with  a 
manual  of  the  scientific  knowledge  of  the  close  of  the 
twelfth  century,  made  yet  more  interesting  and  instruc- 
tive by  the  contemporary  anecdotes  so  freely  introduced 
by  its  author.  Alexander  Neckham,  for  so  was  the  au- 
thor of  the  two  documents  now  first  published  generally 
designated,  was  foster-brother  of  Richard  Coeur  de  Lion, 
having  been,  moreover,  born  on  the  same  day  in  the 
month  of  September,  1157.  He  was  educated  at  St.  Albans, 
then  became  a  distinguished  professor  at  Paris,  and  after- 
wards, according  to  Mr.  Wright  (p.  xii.),  proceeded  to 
Italy,  though  that  gentleman  seems  subsequently  (p. 
Ixxiv.)  to  doubt  such  visit.  Neckam  eventually  became 
Abbot  of  Cirencester,  and,  dying  at  Kempsey  in  1217, 
was  buried  in  Worcester  Cathedral.  Mr.  Wright's  in- 
timate knowledge  of  Mediaeval  Literature  and  Science, 
pointed  him  out  as  a  fitting  editor  for  this  very  curious 
Mediaeval  Encyclopaedia. 

The  Divine  Week;  or,  Outlines  of  a  Harmony  of  the  Geo- 
logic Periods  with  the  Mosaic  Days  of  Creation.  By  the 
Rev.  J.  H.  Worgan,  M.A.  (Rivingtons.) 

Mr.Worgan's  title  sufficiently  explains  the  subject  of 
his  work  and  the  method  by  which  (in  his  judgment) 
the  Mosaic  Account  of  the  Creation  is  best  squared  with 
the  discoveries  of  geology.  Instead  of  understanding 
the  sacred  writer  to  be  describing  the  preparation  of  the 
globe  for  man,  its  present  highest  occupant,  and  to  ignore 
(as  not  coming  within  the  compass  of  his  design)  the 
previous  revolutions  which  it  had  experienced — a  view 
adopted  by  the  late  Dr.  Buckland — our  author  maintains 
the  theory  which  at  one  time  found  favour  with  the  late 
Hugh  Miller,  that  the  Mosaic  Narrative  exactly  covers 
the  geological  period,  each  "  day  "  coinciding  with  some 
well-marked  epoch  in  the  formation  of  the  crust  of  our 
earth. 

The  Quarterly  Review,  No.  229. 

The  new  Number  of  The  Quarterly  opens  with  a  paper 
on  "China,"  to  which  the  recent  ill-judged  proceedings 
of  Prince  Rung  give  peculiar  interest.  It  is  followed 


by  one  on  "  Ne\r  Englanders  and  the  Old  Home,"  in 
which  we  are  vindicated  from  the  sneers  of  Mr.  Haw- 
thorne. The  paper  on  Forsyth's  "  Life  of  Cicero,"  like 
that  book,  holds  a  mean  between  the  excessive  adula- 
tion of  Middleton  and  the  unwarrantable  aspersions  of 
Drumann.  A  good  paper  on  "  Captain  Speke's  Journal " 
is  followed  by  one  on  "  Guns  and  Plates,"  which  goes  to 
show  that  we  are  a-head  of  all  other  nations  in  respect 
of  artillery.  The  writer  of  the  paper  "  On  Eels  "  has 
certainly  "  caught  the  eel  of  learning  by  the  tail."  A 
learned  paper  on  "  Rome  in  the  Middle  Ages  "  next  fol- 
lows, and  the  Quarterly  winds  up  with  a  long  paper  on 
that  most  intricate  and  vexed  question,  "  The  Danish 
Duchies," 

Journal  of  Sacred  Literature.   By  B.  Harris  Cowper.   No. 
VIII.,  New  Series.     (Williams  &  Norgate.) 
Among  the  more  interesting  articles  are,  "  A  few  Days 
among    the  Slavonic  Protestants    of  Central   Europe," 
"  Oriental  Sacred  Traditions,"  and  a  translation  of  selected 
^Ethiopic  Hymns,  Liturgies,  &c.,  by  Mr.  Rodwell. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  £c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  anil  au  - 
dresses  are  given  for  that  purpose:  — 

BUCK'S  IRISH  ECCLESIASTICAL  REGISTER.    1824. 
THOM'S  IRISH  ALMANAC  AND  OFFICIAL  DIRECTORY  FOR  1814. 
DUBLIN  UNIVERSITY  CALENDARS  FOR  1848,  1849,  1853,  1854. 
SAINTHILL'S  (RICHARD)  OLLA  PODRIDA.    Vol.  II. 

CHALMERS'S  (.THOMAs.D.D.;,  CHRISTIAN  AND  Civic  ECONOMY  OP  LARGE 
TOWNS.    8vo.    Vol.  III. 

Wanted  by  Rev.  B.  H.  Blacker,  llokeby,  Blackrock,  Dublin. 


FRENCH  GRAMMAR,  by  P.  A.  Dutruc.    4th  ed.,  stereotyped.    London, 
1850. 

Wanted  by  Rev.  H.  Gardiner,  Catton,  York. 


S.  P.  L.,  ONE-AND-FORTIE  DIVINE  ODES.    12mo,  1627. 
DARBY  (C.)  A  NEW  VERSION  OF  THE  PSALMS.    12mo,  1701. 
TOWERS  (S.)  THB  PSALMS  IN  VERSE.    8vo,1811. 
NELIGAN  (KEV.  JAS.)  THE  PSALMS  IN  VERSE.    Dublin,  1820. 
PEEBLES  (REV.  DR.)  THE  BURNOMANIA.    Glasgow,  1811  or  1812. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  A.  Gardyne,  184,  Richmond  Road,  Hackney,  N.E. 

A  Small  4to  (Missal  or  other  illustrated  Religious  Book  preferred  • 
size,  5i  in.  by  6J  in.,  and  li  in.  thick,  or  a  little  larger,  before  A.D 
1510. 

Wanted  by  Rev.  J.  C.  Jackson,  5,  Chatham  Place  East, 
Hackney,  N.E. 


J.  S.  (Manchester)  will  find  in  the,  first  and  second  vols.  oj  our  First 
Series  upwards  of  a  dozen  curious  articles  on  the  derivation  o/News. 

J.  will  find  a  satisfactory  explanation  of  tJie  word  Handicap  in  our  1st 
3.  xi.  491. 

X.  Y.  Z. 


HUBERT  BOWER.  Some  particulars  of  William  Cruden,  author  of 
lymns  on  a  Variety  of  Divine  Subjects,  1761,  may  be  found  in  our  2nd  S. 

T.  BENTLF.Y.  The  Query  must  be  accompanied  with  our  Correspon- 
dent's address,  as  the  particulars,  not  being  of  general  interest,  may  be. 
forwarded  direct  to  him. 

ERRATA.  _  In  3rd  S.  iii.  446,  col.  ii.  second  line  from  bottom,/or  Jane 
TTynte  read  Tynte  ;  p.  44",  col.  i.  line  7,  for  1683  or  1684,  read  1688  to 

"NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
ssued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Sue  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publisher  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  INDEX)  is  \ls.  4d.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order, 
nayableat  the  Strand  Port,  Office,in  favour  of  WILLIAM  G.  SMITH,  32, 
WELLINGTON  STREET,  STRAND,  W.C.,  to  whom  all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR 
THE  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 


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1 


3"»  S.  V.  JAN.  23,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

ESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES  LIFE  ASSURANCE 
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H.E.Bicknell.Esq. 

T.Somers  Cocke,Esq.,M.A.,J.P. 

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ohn  Fisher,  Esq. 
W.  Freeman,  Esq. 
Charles  Frere,  Esq. 
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Director*. 

The  Hon.  B.  E.Howard,  D.C.L. 
James  Hunt,  Esq. 

Geo.  H.  Drew,  Esq.,  M.A.  John  Leigh,  Esq. 

John  Fisher,  Esq.  Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq.  F.  B.  Marson,  Esq. 

E.  Vansittart  Neale,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Bonamy  Price,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Jas.  Ljs  Seager,  Esq. 
Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 
John  B.  White,  Esq. 
Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
^nary—Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society's  Prospectu.. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Rates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  the  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MKDICAL  MEN  are  remunerated, in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHAR  OK  MADE  FOR  POLICY  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIKS 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready,  price  14*. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 

Present  Condition,        ' 

much 

Trustees, 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 


.VINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
it  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
ecs,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 


OSTEO      EXDON. 

Patent.Mareh  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

/GABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH   and 

\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  flr«t-cla«s  workmanship  warranted,  and  sripplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE  OLD   ESTABLISHED  DENTISTS, 
27, Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and  34, Ludgate  Hill,  London; 

134,  Duke  Street, Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  gee  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth.*    Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 


pHRISTENING     PRESENTS    in    SILVER.— 

\J  MAPPIN  BROTHERS  beg  to  call  attention  to  their  Extensive 
SSlSlfc^  $?w  5esjKn»  >n  "terliug  SILVER  CHRISTENING 
PrfKSENTS.  Silver  Cups,  beautifully  chased  and  engraved,  31.,  31.  10s., 
4i.,  bl.,  a.m.  each,  according  to  size  and  pattern;  Silver  Sets  of  Knilc, 
Fork,  and  .Spoon  in  Cases,  H.  Is.,  II.  10s.,  21.,  21.  10s.,  31.  3s.,  41.  is.; 
^n^L^^^JPg?,"^?^?;1"18^6.  Cases,  41. 4*.,  61.  6...  «.  to.. 


**'  **en*  8trect' W' 


Wil- 


THE  PRETTIEST  GIFT  for  a  LADY  is  one  of 
JONES'S  GOLD  LEVERS,  at  1H.1  la.    For  a  GENTLEMAN, 
nesVof  Producti?ne  "  **  ihe  International  Exhibition  for  "  Cheap- 

Manufactory,  338,  Strand,  opposite  Somerset  House. 


TTOLLOWAY'S    OINTMENT    AND    PILLS  — 

Mth^T^ 

B  « t^-1Vson^  i  gamekeeper  residing  in  this  town,  had  a  scrofulous 
wre  on  ins  toot  for  five  years,  which  discharged  much  matter  nnd  was 
continually  growing  larger  and  deeper.  Almost  every  thin"  liad  bwn 
unsuccessfully  applied,  with  the  hope  of  healing  the  ,&,  when  the 
and  PHlf  wh"h  h*0  imif  &nM  recommended  a  trial  of  your  Ointment 
rf  »  which  healed  up  the  ulceration  and  eventually  effected  a 
Rh.tPmp.lV^'  ™e  fath<ir  au,d  son  are  ready  and  willing  to  confirm  this 
laiement.  ine  invaluable  properties  of  Holloway's  remedies  arrest 
the  fatal  progress  of  many  disease.)  which  have  liitherto 


IMPERIAL    LIFE    INSURANCE    COMPANY, 
1,  OLD  BROAD  STREET,  E.C. 
Instituted  A.D.  1820. 

A  SUPPLEMENT  to  the  PROSPECTUS,  showing  the  advantages 
of  the  Bonus  System ,  may  be  had  on  application  to 

SAMUEL  INGALL,  Actuary. 


John  Mollett.  Esq. 
Junius  S.  Morgan,  Esq. 
G.  Garden  Nicol.  Esq. 
John  H.  Wm.  Schroder,  Esq. 
George  Young,  Esq. 


•\TORTH  BRITISH  AND  MERCANTILE 

ll  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

Established  1809. 
Incorporated  by  Royal  Charter  and  Special  Acts  of  Parliament. 

Accumulated  and  Invested  Funds £2,1  ia.Ss'S 

Annual  Revenue £  122,401 

LONDON  BOARD. 

JOHN  WHITE  CATER,  Esq.,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  MORRISON,  Esq.,  Deputy-Chair 
A.  De  Arroyave,  Esq. 
Edward  Cohen,  Esq. 
James  Du  Buisson,  Esq. 
P.  Du  Pre  Grenfell.  Esq. 
A.  Klockmann,  Esq. 

Ex-DlRECTORS. 

A.  H.  Campbell,  Esq.  I  P.  P.  Ralli,  Esq. 

P.  C.  Cavan,  Esq.  Robert  Smith,  Esq. 

Frederic  Somes,  Esq. 

Manager  of  Fire  Department-George  H.  Why  ting. 
superintendent  qf  Foreign  Department— G.  II.  Burnett. 

Secretary— F.W.  Lance. 
General  Manager — David  Smith. 

FIRE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  Company  grants  Insurances  against  Fire  in  the  United  Kin<'- 
dom,  and  all  Foreign  Countries. 

Mercantile  risks  in  the  Port  of  London  accepted  at  reduced  rates. 
Losses  promptly  and  liberally  settled. 

Foreign  Risks.  —  The  Directors  having  a  practical  knowledge  of 
loreign  Countries  are  prepared  to  issue  Policies  on  the  most  favour- 
able terms.  In  all  cases  a  discount  Avill  be  allowed  to  Merchants  and 
others  effecting  such  insurances. 

LIFE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  following  Statement  exhibits  the  improvement  effected  during 


1858 
1859 
1860 
1861 

1862 


No.  of  Policies 

issued. 

455 

605 

711 

785 

1,037 


Sums. 

£. 

377,425 
449,913 
475,619 
527,626 
768,334 


Premiums. 

£.     8.  d. 

12,585  18    8 

14.070  1    « 

14.071  17    7 
16,553    2    9 
'.'3,611     0    0 


Thus  in  five  years  the  number  of  Policies  issued  was  3.623,  assuring 
the  large  sum  of  2,928,947/. 

The  leading  features  of  the  Office  are  :— 

1.  Entire  Security  to  Assurers. 

2.  The  large  Bonus  Additions  already  declared,  and  the  prospect  of  a 
further  Bonus  at  the  next  investigation. 

3.  The  advantages  afforded  by  the  varied  Tables  of  Premiums— unre- 
stricted conditions  of  Policies— and  general  liberality  in  dealing  with 

Forms  of  Proposal  and  every  information  will  be  furnished  on  appli- 
cation at  the 

Head  Offices  :  LONDON 58,  Threadneedle  Street. 

4.  New  Bank- buildings. 
EDINBURGH 64,  Princes  Street. 

WEST-END  OFFICE  :  8,  WATERLOO-PLACE,  Pall  Mall. 


SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 

"THE    ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERRINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
.hould  see  that  LEA  &  PERRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 
Bottle,  and  Stopper. 

ASK  FOB  LEA  AND  PERBINS'  SAUCE. 

***  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors,  Worcester; 
MESSRS.  CROSSE  and  BLACKWELL,  MESSRS.  BARCLAY  and 
SONS.  London,  &c.,  &c. ;  and  by  Grocers  and  Oilmen  universally. 


Now  ready,  18mo,  coloured  wrapper,  Post  Free,  6d. 

N    GOUT    AND    RHEUMATISM.     A  new 


work,  by  DR.  LAVILLE  of  the  Faculty  of  Medicine,  Paris,  ex- 
hibiting a  perfectly  new,  certain,  and  safe  method  of  cure.  Translated 
by  an  English  Practitioner. 

London :  FRAS.  NE WBERY  &  SONS,  45, 6t.  Paul' •  Church  Yard. 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3**  S.  V.  JAN.  23,  '64. 


HAYDN'S    DATES.—  ELEVENTH  EDITION. 

Dates  and  Facts  relating  to  the  History  of  Mankind  from  the  most  authentic  and  recent  records, 

especially  interesting  to  the  Historian,  Members  of  the  Learned  Professions, 

Literary  Institutes,  Merchants,  and  General  Readers. 


In  One  handsome  Library  Volume,  beautifully  printed  in  legible  type,  price  Eighteen  Shillings,  cloth, 

A   DICTIONARY    OF    DATES 

RELATING  TO  ALL  AGES  AND  NATIONS : 
FOE    UNIVEESAL     KEFERENCE: 

COMPREHENDING  REMARKABLE  OCCURRENCES,  ANCIENT  AND  MODERN, 

The  Foundation,  Laws,  and  Government  of  Countries  —  their  Progress  in  Civilisation,  Industry,  Literature, 

Arts,  and  Science  —  their  Achievements  in  Arms  —  and  their  Civil,  Military, 

and  Religious  Institutions,  and  particularly  of 

THE    BRITISH    EMPIRE. 

BY    JOSEPH    HAYDN. 

ELEVENTH  EDITION,  REVISED  AND  GREATLY  ENLARGED,  BY  BENJAMIN  VINCENT, 
Assistant  Secretary  and  Keeper  of  the  Library  of  the  Royal  Institution  of  Great  Britain. 


London  :  EDWARD  MOXON  &  CO.,  44,  Dover  Street,  W. 


THE  PIOUS  EGBERT  NELSON. 


Now  ready,  Svo,  with  Portrait,  price  10s.  6c?. 


LIFE    AND    TIMES    OF    ROBERT    NELSON, 

Author  of  "  COMPANION  TO  THE  FASTS  AND  FESTIVALS  OF  THE  CHURCH." 
BY    THE    REV.    C.     F.     S  E  C  R  E  T  A  N, 

Incumbent  of  Holy  Trinity,  Vauxhall  Bridge  Road. 


"  Mr.  Sccrctan  has  done  Churchmen  service  by  this  excellent  companion  volume  to  Mr.  Anderdon's  Life  of  Ken,  written  as  it  is  with  unaffected 
sense  and  t'cclintr,  and  an  the  result  of  considerable  research.  The  work  is  well  and  carefully  done  as  a  whole,  and  ia  written  with  a  right  spirit, 
and  in  a  fair  and  sensible  tone."—  Guardian. 

"  Mr.  Secretan  has  given  us  a  careful,  discerning,  and  well-written  account  of  an  English  worthy,  whose  works  arc  familiar  as  'household 
words '  in  most  homes,  and  whose  life  was  spent  in  deeds  of  Christian  philanthropy." — Morning  Post. 

"  Mr.  Secretan's  biography  is  worthy  to  take  its  place  by  the  side  of  those  which  old  Izaak  Walton  has  left  us,  and  Nelson  was  just  such  a 
character  M  Izaak  Walton  would  have  loved  to  delineate.  The  record  of  his  devout  and  energetic  life  is  most  interestingly  traced  by  Mr.  Secretan." 

John  Bull. 

"  There  can  be  little  doubt  that  Mr.  Secretan's  Life  of  Robert,  Nelson  is  an  important  addition  to  our  Standard  Christian  Biographies."— Notes 
and  Queries. 

"  We  think  highly  of  Mr.  Secretan's  book,  as  well  fitted,  both  by  its  matter  and  manner,  to  do  justice  to  the  memory  and  example  of  the  pious 
Robert  Nelson."— Gentleman's  Magazine. 

JOHN  MURRAY,  ALBEMARLE  STREET,  W. 


M 


This  Day  is  published,  price  10s.  6d. 

EMOIR  of  the  LATE  BISHOP  MACKENZIE. 

By  HARVEY  GOODWIN,  D.D.,  Dean  of  Ely.    With  Portrait, 


Maps,  and  Illustrations. 

Cambridge  :  DEIGIITON,  BELL,  &  CO. 
London  :  BELL  &  DALDY. 


THE  COMMON  PRAYER  IN  LATIN.   A  Letter 
addressed  to  the  REV.  SIR  W.  COPE,  Bart.    By  WILLIAM  JOHN 
BLEW.    With  a  Postscript  on  the  Common  Prayer  in  Greek. 

"  A  learned  and  temperate  pamphlet  on  a  subject  deserving  the 
serious  attention  of  all  Churchmen."— Notes  and  Queries. 

London:  C.  J.  STEWART,  11,  King  William  Street,  Strand. 


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NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 

A  MEDIUM  OF   INTER-COMMUNICATION 
FOR 

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No.  109. 


SATURDAY,  JANUARY  30,  1864. 


C  Price  Fourpence. 
I  Stamped  Edition,  Sd. 


THE   QUARTERLY   REVIEW,  No.  CCXXIX. 
is  published  THIS  DAY. 

CONTENTS  t 
I.  CHINA. 

II.  NEW  ENGLANDERS,  AND  THE  OLD  HOME. 
III.  FORSYTE'S  LITE  OF  CICERO. 
IV.  GUNS  AND  PLATES. 
V.  SPEKE'S  TRAVELS  ON  THE  NILE. 
VI.  EELS. 

VII.  ROME  IN  THE  MIDDLE  AGES. 
VIII.  THE  DANISH  DUCHIES. 

JOHN  MURRAY,  Albemarle  Street. 


F 


IRASER'S    MAGAZINE   for 

Price  2s.  6d. 
CONTENTS : — 


FEBRUARY. 


Revolutions  in  English  History. 

Cedant  Arma  Togae. 

A  Campaigner  at  Home.  I — La- 
burnum Lodge.  II.  —  How  we 
elected  the  Beadle. 

Life  and  Writings  of  Theodore 
Parker. 

Rambles  with  the  Lion-Hunters  of 
Algeria. 


The  Political  Temper  of  the  Na- 
tion.   By  Bonamy  Price. 

Late  Laurels A  Tale.    Conclu- 
sion. 

In  the  Peirseus — A  Reverie. 

Public  Works. 

Village  LifeinOudh   I.-The Vil- 
lage and  its  Inhabitants. 

The  Antiquity  of  Man.— A  Poem 
by  Uncle  James. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  &  CO.,  Paternoster  Row. 

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Rules,  the  Mendicant  Orders,  the  Jesuits,  and  the  Order 
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Also  by  Mrs.  Jameson,  in  the  same  Series. 

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J  complete  System  of  Ancient  and  Modern  Chronology : 
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general;  Chronology  before  Christ; 
Chronology  after  Christ;  Chrono- 
"  »gy  necessary  in   the  Study  of 
cclesiastical  History;  Dates  con- 
nected with  Science   and  Litera- 


Beol 


ture;  Chronology  for  the  History  of 
France;  Dates  useful  to  Artists; 
Dates  useful  to  Musicians:  Dates 
useful  in  the  Medical  Profession  ; 
Dates  for  the  History  of  the  East 
Indies  ;  General  Chronological 


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"PPITOME  THEATRI  ORBELIANI  (PHILIPPUS 

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SRD  S.  No.  109. 


"  T  H  E     REALM.' 


ROYAL  INSTITUTION  of  GREAT  BRITAIN, 
ALBEMARLE  STREET. 

The  next  ACTONIAN  PRIZE,  or  PRIZES,  will  be  awarded  in  the 
year  1865  to  an  Essay  or  Essays,  illustrative  of  the  Wisdom  and  Bene- 
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Radiation.  The  Prize  Fund  will  be  Two  Hundred  Guineas,  and  may 
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Managers  in  April,  1866. 

January,  1864.  H.  BENCE  JONES,  Hon.  Sec.  R.  I. 

THE  BOXiD. 


This  Day,  with  Portraits,  2  Vols.  8vo,  30s. 

HISTORY  OF  CHARLES  THE  BOLD,  DUKE 
OF  BURGUNDY.    By  J.  FOSTER  KIRK. 

"  Mr.  John  Foster  Kirk  whose  familiarity  with  the  history  and  lan- 
guages of  Modern  Europe  has  greatly  aided  me  in  the  prosecution  of  my 
researches,  while  his  sagacious  criticism  has  done  me  no  less  service  in 
the  preparation  of  these  volumes."— Prescott's  Philip  the  Second. 

"  Mr.  Kirk  has  produced  a  work  which  is  quite  entitled  to  rank  with 
the  writings  of  his  two  predecessors  (Mr.  Prescott  and  Mr.  Motley). 
His  extensive  and  minute  knowledge  is  the  learning  of  a  man  of 
vigorous  thought  accustomed  to  bring  his  mind  to  consider  men  and 
things,  not  merely  as  they  have  been  written  about,  but  as  they  ac- 
tually were,  in  the  variety  and  complexity  of  their  real  existence.1; 

Saturday  Review. 

"  The  student  of  mediaeval  history  has  presented  to  him  in  these 
volumes  the  history  of  a  very  striking  character,— a  character  whose 
salient  points  stand  out  all  the  more  prominently  from  the  contrast 
which  they  afford  to  the  features,  hardly  less  strongly  marked,  ot  his 
royal  antagonist,  Louis  XI.  The  author's  graphic  and  picturesque 
style  will  interest  the  lover  of  history."— English  Churchman. 

"  The  age  of  Charles  the  Bold,  as  the  culminating  period  of  the  feudal 
system,  contains  for  us  of  the  present  day  a  profound  interest.  Mr. 
Kirk's  exemplification  of  the  working  of  these  antagonistic  forces  is 
full  of  instruction  and  exceeds  in  real  interest  and  in  startling  inci- 
dents any  fictitious  work  with  which"  we  are  acquainted.  A  third 
volume,  which  is  to  appear  shortly,  will  complete  a  history,  which  for 
original  research,  excellence  of  arrangement,  beauty  of  execution,  and 
the  impartial  spirit  that  pervades  it,  is  worthy  of  a  place  by  the  side  of 
Prescott's '  Ferdinand  and  Isabella.'  "—Daily  News. 
JOHN  MURRAY,  Albemarle  Street. 


FORSYTH'S  LIFE. OF  CICERO. 
Now  Ready,  with  Illustrations.    Two  vols.    Post  8vo.    18*. 

T  IFE  and  TIMES  of  CICERO.     His  CHARACTER, 

JL  PUBLIC  and  DOMESTIC,  VIEWED  AS  A  STATESMAN, 
ORATOR,  AND  FRIEND.  With  Selections  from  his  Correspondence 
and  his  Orations.  By  WILLIAM  FORS  YTH,  M.  A.,  Q.C.,  late  Fellow 
of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge. 

JOHN  MURRAY,  Albemarle  Street. 

NEW  WORK  BY  THE  DUKE  OF  MANCHESTER. 
Now  Ready,  in  2  vols.  8vo,  with  Fine  Portraits,  30s. 

nOURT  and    SOCIETY  from  ELIZABETH  to 

\J  ANNE.  Edited  from  the  Papers  at  Kimbolton.  By  the  DUKE 
OF  MANCHESTER. 

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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


87 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JANUARY  SO,  1864. 


CONTENTS. —N°.  109. 

NOTES  :  —  Erroneous  Monumental  Inscriptions  in  Bristol 
&c.,  87  —  Reduction  ofRathlin  in  1575,  89  —  Fashionable 
Quarters  of  London,  92  —  John  Frederick  Lampe,  Ib. — 
Palindromical  Verses :  Jani  de  Bisschop  Chorus  Musarum, 
93  —  Esquire  —  Lord  Gardenston  —  English  Wool,  in  1682 

—  A  Testimony  to  our  Climate,  94. 

QUERIES :  —  Milton's  Third  Wife  and  Roger  Comberbach 
of  Nantwich,  95  —  American  Authors  —  An  Aldine  Book  — 
Balloons:  their  Dimensions  —  Beech  Trees  never  struck 
by  Lightning — John  Bristow — British  Gallery  and  British 
Institution  —  Curious  Essex  Saying  —  To  Compete  —  Earl- 
dom of  Dunbar  —  Elma,  a  new  Female  Christian  Name — 
Freemasons  —  Gainsborough  Prayer-Book  —  Haccombe 
and  its  Privileges  —  The  Haight  Family  —  Irenaeus  quoted 

—  Thomas  Lee  of  Darnhall,  co.  Cheshire  —  Lepel  —  Col. 
James    Lowther  —  Wm.  Eussell    M'Donald  —  Sir   Wm. 
Pole's  Charters  — Poor  Cock  Robin's  Death— "Li  Sette 
Salmi "  —  Stamp  Duty  on  Painters'  Canvass  —  Mr.  Thacke- 
ray's Literary  Journal  — Colonel  Robert  Venables  —  Mr. 
Wise  —  Words  derived  from  "  JSvum,"  96. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS :—  Royal  Arms  —  Bacon  Queries 
-"Hennippus  Redivivus:  or,  the  Sage's  Triumph  over 
Old  Age  and  the  Grave  "  —  Maiden  Castle  —  Horses  first 
Shod  with  Iron  —Bishop  of  Salisbury,  100. 

REPLIES:  — Mutilation  of  Sepulchral  Monuments,  101  — 
Psalm  xc.  9,  102— Sheridan's  Greek  —  Quotation  Wanted 

—  Enigma  —  Cruel  King  Philip  —  Orbis  Centrum  —Greek 
Proverbs  —  The    Shamrock  and  the  Blessed  Trinity  — 
Trade  and  Improvement  of  Ireland  —Arthur  Dobbs  — 

—  Kindlie    Tenants  —  Quotations  Wanted  —  Baptismal 
Names  —  Passage  in  Tennyson— Alfred  Bunn,  103. 

Notes  on  Books.  &c. 


ERRONEOUS   MONUMENTAL  INSCRIPTIONS  IN 
BRISTOL. 

ROBERT  FITZ-HARDING. 

Beneath  an  arch  cut  in  the  wall  which  separates 
the  Elder  Lady  Chapel  from  the  north  aisle  of 
Bristol  Cathedral  is  an  altar  tomb,  which  is  usu- 
ally ascribed  to  Robert  Fitz-Harding,  the  founder 
of  the  Berkeley  family,  and  Eva  his  wife.  Mr. 
Britton,  however,  says  (Bristol  Cathedral,  p.  57), 

^'may  with  more  certainty  be  referred  to  the 
third  Maurice,  Lord  Berkeley,  who  died  in  1368, 
and  Elizabeth  his  wife."  Both  of  which  statements 
are,  I  believe,  incorrect. 

At  the  foot  of  this  tomb  is  a  modern  inscription 
on  -i  plain  marble  tablet,  which  records  that  it  is — 

« The  Monument  of  Robert  Fitz-Harding,  Lord  of 
Berkeley,  descended  from  the  Kings  of  Denmark;  and 
Eva  Ins  wife,  by  whom  he  had  five  Sons  and  two  Daugh- 
ters: Maurice,  his  eldest  Son,  was  the  first  of  this  Family 
that  took  the  Name  of  Berkeley:  This  Robert  Fitz- 
Harding  laid  the  Foundation  of  this  Church,  and  Monas- 
tery of  St.  Augustine,  in  the  year  1140,  the  fifth  of  King 
Stephen ;  dedicated  and  Endowed  it  in  1 148.  He  died  in 
the  year  1170,  in  the  17th  of  King  Henry  the  Second." 

On  the  summit  of  this  tomb  repose  the  effigies 

of  a  male  and  female  ;  the  former  habited  in  "the 

d  armour  of  the  fourteenth  century,  and  the 

latter  in  the  female  attire  of  the  same  period. 


From  this  circumstance  it  is  clear  that  these 
figures  could  not  be  intended  to  represent  Robert 
Fitz-Harding  and  his  lady,  who  nourished  two 
centuries  before;  and  it  will  appear  also  upon 
examination  that  it  is  equally  incorrect  to  appro- 
priate them  to  a  warrior  who  died  in  1368,  and  his 
wife. 

The  head  of  the  male  figure  is  covered  with  a 
conical  skull-cap  or  helmet  which  is  attached  to 
a  hawberk  or  tippet  of  mail  by  an  interlaced  cord. 
Chain  mail  also  appears  on  the  lower  part  of  the 
body  and  the  feet ;  but  the  upper  portion,  as  well 
as  the  front  of  the  arms  and  legs,  are  covered 
with  plate  armour.  This  kind  of  mixed  body- 
armour  was  introduced  in  the  reign  of  Edward 
II.,  who  ascended  the  throne  in  1307.  The  dress 
of  the  female  effigy  also  refers  to  the  same  period 
— namely,  the  beginning  of  the  fourteenth  cen- 
tury, when  the  attire  of  ladies  of  rank  was  com- 
posed of  the  coif,  hood,  or  veil,  and  wimple 
covering  the  head,  neck,  and  chin;  whilst  the 
body  was  enveloped  in  a  long  loose  robe,  over 
which  was  worn  a  cloak  or  mantle.  This  fashion 
appears  to  have  changed  early  in  the  reign  of  Ed- 
ward III.,  who  succeeded  his  father  in  1327,  when 
the  loose  dress  was  superseded  by  the  tight-bodied 
gown  conforming  to  the  shape  of  the  person. 

These  particulars  clearly  decide  the  age  of  this 
monument,  and  fixes  the  date  of  its  erection  at 
the  commencement  of  the  reign  of  the  last-named 
monarch.  If  additional  evidence  were  required, 
we  find  it  in  the  tomb  itself  on  which  these  effigies 
repose,  for  the  sides  are  embellished  with  a  series 
of  recessed  canopied  niches  and  buttresses,  of  a 
style  clearly  indicating  that  the  monument  be- 
longs to  the  same  period  as  the  figures  resting 
upon  it. 

A  comparatively  recent  inscription  on  a  small 
brass  plate,  on  the  south  side  of  this  tomb,  records 
that  it  "  was  erected  to  the  memory  of  Maurice, 
Lord  Berkeley,  ninth  Baron,  of  Berkeley  Castle, 
who  died  the  8th  day  of  June,  1368.  Also  of  the 
Lady  Margaret,  his  mother,  daughter  of  Roger 
Mortimer,  Earl  of  March,  and  first  wife  of  Thomas, 
eighth  Lord  Berkeley.  She  died  the  5th  day  of 
May,  1337."  Why  a  female  should  in  this  case 
be  represented  on  a  tomb  by  the  side  of  a  man 
who  was  the  husband  of  another,  it  is  difficult  to 
conceive.  Mr.  Britton  is  assuredly  wrong  in  as- 
signing these  effigies  to  so  late  a  period  as  1368, 
when  the  fourth,  and  not  as  he  says,  the  third 
Maurice,  Lord  Berkeley,  died;  for  the  attire  of 
both  figures  is  too  early  for  that  date.  The  third 
Maurice,  Lord  Berkeley,  died  in  1326.  He  was 
twice  married,  his  first  wife  being  buried  at  Port- 
bury,  a. manor  belonging  to  the  family,  about  seven 
miles  from  this  city,  and  in  the  county  of  Somer- 
set ;  but  his  second  wife,  who  was  Isabel,  daugh- 
ter of  Gilbert  de  Clare,  whose  arms  appear  over 
the  high  altar  of  the  church,  is,  I  have  no  doubt, 


88 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[8**  S.  V.  JAN.  30,  '64. 


the  female  represented  with  this  third  Maurice 
her  husband,  on  the  monument  referred  to. 

JUDGE    CRADOCK. 

On  a  chantry  tomb  in  the  Newton  Chapel  also 
in  the  cathedral,  is  the  following  inscription 
which  was  placed  there  "  by  Mrs.  Archer,  sister 
to  the  late  Sir  Michael  Newton  of  Bafrs  Court 
1748  "— 

•'  In  memory  of  Sir  Richard  Newton  •  Cradock  of  Barrs 
Court,  in  the  "County  of  Gloucester,  one  of  his  Majesties 
Justices  of  the  Common  Pleas,  who  died  December  the 
13th,  1444,  and  with  his  Lady  lies  interr'd  beneath  this 
monument." 

The  above  inscription  remained  undisputed  by 
any  writer  until  the  meeting  of  the  Archaeological 
Institute  for  1851  was  held  in  this  city,  when,  in 
a  paper  by  the  REV.  H.  T.  ELLACOMBE,  M.A., 
F.S.A.,  the  statement  it  contains  was  completely 
refuted.  It  was  there  shown  that,  although  its 
erection  "  may  have  been  to  the  memory  of  a  Cra- 
dock, the  notion  that  the  judge  was  buried  there 
must  have  arisen  from  some  misapprehension,  and 
it  is  not  true  that  he  died  in  1444 ;  (for)  the  last 
fine  levied  before  him  was  in  November,  1448." 

MB.  ELLACOMBE  then  proceeds  "  to  prove,  be- 
yond a  doubt,  that  Judge  Cradock  and  his  lady 
rest  in  Yatton  church,  Somerset ; "  where,  in  the 
centre  of  the  De  Wyck  Aisle,  or  north  transept, 
stands  a  very  handsome  alabaster  altar  tomb.  Its 
sides  are  enriched  with  five  beautifully-wrought 
niches,  within  which  are  full-length  figures  of 
angels  holding  shields,  which  Collinson  says  (Hist, 
of  Somerset,  vol.  iii.  p.  619),  were  once  charged 
with  the  arras  of  Newton  and  Shirburn,  impaled 
with  Perrott ;  but  they  are  now  almost  entirely 
obliterated.  The  east  and  west  ends  of  the  tomb 
have  each  two  niches,  with  figures  and  shields 
corresponding  with  those  on  the  sides.  On  the 
summit,  the  venerable  judge  is  represented  in  the 
costume  of  men  of  his  rank  at  the  time  in  which 
he  lived  —  a  skull-cap  (beneath  which  his  hair  is 
seen)  tied  under  his  chin,  and  his  person  is  covered 
with  a  robe  reaching  to  his  feet ;  over  his  shoulders 
he  wears  a  tippet  extending  halfway  down  his 
arms.  Covering  all  is  a  cloak  or  mantle,  fallino- 
nearly  to  the  ankles.  This  is  fastened  on  the 
right  shoulder  by  a  button,  and  beneath  it  round 
the  neck  is  a  collar  of  esses.  This  cloak  lianas 
gracefully  on  the  left  side,  and  is  passed  over 
the  left  arm  after  the  manner  of  the  chesible 
on  that  of  ecclesiastics.  Round  the  middle  is  an 
ornamental  girdle,  from  which  depends  a  short 
sword  in  an  enriched  scabbard;  and  also  the 
gypciere  or  purse,  common  in  the  reigns  of  Henry 
VI.  and  Edward  IV.  The  head  of  the  judge  rests 
on  what  appears  to  have  been  a  helmet,  sur- 
mounted with  a  wreath  crowned  with  a  ducal 
coronet,  from  which  issues  a  garb,  the  crest  of  the 
family ;  his  feet  rest  against  two  dogs. 


On  the  left  side  of  the  judge  lie  the  effigies  of  a 
slender  female  habited  in  a  flowing  robe,  reach- 
ing to  the  feet ;  but  to  the  upper  part  of  the  per- 
son it  fits  tight  down  to  the  wrists,  where  it  is 
laced,  leaving  however  the  breasts  exposed.  Over 
this  is  another  robe  reaching  to  the  knees,  and 
terminating  with  a  broad  hem ;  it  is  suspended 
from  the  neck  by  narrow  bands,  passing  over  the 
chest,  and  leaving  the  under  robe,  which  sits  close 
at  the  hips,  exposed  below  the  waist,  which  is  en- 
circled with  a  small  ornamented  girdle.  From  a 
curb-chain  round  the  neck  was  apparently  sus- 
pended a  cross,  beneath  which  a  cord,  reaching  to 
the  knees,  terminates  with  small  tassels.  Higher  up 
in  the  neck  is  an  ornamental  collar  or  band,  from 
which  hangs  a  jewel.  A  cloak  or  mantle,  fastened 
across  the  breast  by  a  cordon  and  jewels,  extends 
to  the  feet,  which  it  nearly  envelopes.  The  head, 
once  supported  by  angels,  is  covered  with  the 
mitred  head-dress,  the  front  having  a  broad 
turned-up  lappet  above  the  forehead,  from  whence 
the  mitre  issues.  On  each  side  at  the  feet  is  a 
small  dog,  and  the  hands  of  both  figures  are  raised 
as  in  supplication ;  but  the  entire  monument, 
with  its  effigies  and  beautiful  sculpture,  is  much 
mutilated. 

"  This  tomb  (says  Mr.  Ellacombe)  is  by  tradition  as- 
cribed to  Judge  Cradock.  The  female  figure  is  supposed 
to  represent  Emma  de  Wick.  The  inscription  is  gone. 
There  can  be  no  doubt,  from  the  costume,  that  the  male 
effigy  is  that  of  a  judge.  That  it  is  a  Cradock  is  con- 
firmed by  the  garb  or  wheat-sheaf,  on  which  his  head  is 
laid.  Besides,  in  the  interesting  accounts  of  the  church- 
wardens of  Yatton,  anno  1450-1,  among  the  receipts  there 
is  this  entry :  '  It.  recipimus  de  D'no  de  Wyke  per  manu' 
J.  Newton,  filii  sui  de  legato  Dn'i  Rici.  Newton,  ad — p' 
Campana  xx8.' 

;  That  this  date  is  nearer  the  time  of  his  death  than 
1444,  as  stated  on  the  monument  in  the  Cathedral,  is 
confirmed  by  the  fact  of  the  fine  levied  in  1448." 

MR.  ELLACOMBE  then  proceeds  to  give  other 
reasons  for  his  opinion,  and  finishes  his  remarks  as 
follows :  — 

"  I  conclude,  therefore,  that  Judge  Cradock's  tomb  is 
n  Yatton  Church,  and  that  the  tooib  in  Bristol  Cathedral 
s  not  his.  1  have  not  been  able  to  assign  that  tomb  to 
any  other  of  the  family,  unless  it  be  to  Richard  Newton, 
a  grandson  of  the  judge,  the  time  of  whose  death,  1500, 
would  accord  well  with  the  design  of  the  monument ;  and  it 
s  not  known  where  he  was  buried.  If  my  view  be  correct, 
the  circumstance  of  his  being  called  Richard,  after  his 
grandfather,  might  have  led  to  the  mistake." — (Proceed- 
ngs  of  the  Archaeological  Institute,  1851,  pp.  237—242.) 

A  third  erroneous  monumental  inscription  in 
Bristol  Cathedral  is  that  to  the  memory  of 

ROBERT  SOUTHEY, 

which  is  chiselled  on  a  pedestal  of  marble,  after 
the  manner  of  the  Perpendicular  style  of  English 
architecture,  beneath  a  bust  of  the  poet  laureate, 
and  is  as  follows  :  — 


3'd  S.  V.  JAN.  30,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


89 


"Robert    Southey, 

Born  in  Bristol 
October  iv.,  MDCCLXXIV. 

Died  at  Keswick, 
March  xxi.,  MDCCCXLIII." 

This  error  is  perhaps  the  most  inexcusable  of  all. 
Southey  himself  says  (Selections  from  his  Letters, 
vol.  iv.  p.  334),  I  was  born  August  12th,  1774,  in 
Wine  Street,  Bristol,  where  my  father  kept  a 
linen-draper's  shop;"  and  in  another  place  he  says 
that  he  "was  born  at  No.  11,  Wine  Street,  below 
the  pump  :  "  the  house  now  occupied  by  Messrs. 
Low  and  Clark,  furriers,  &c.  Southey's  family 
seems,  in  its  elder  branch,  to  have  "  long  since 
disappeared ; "  but  a  younger  son  "  emigrated 
from  Lancashire,  and  established  himself  as  a 
clothier  at  Wellington,  in  Somersetshire."  From 
this  younger  son  the  poet  derived  his  descent. 

The  last  error  of  the  same  character  which  I 
shall  notice  at  present,  is  on  a  tablet  erected  in 
Highbury  Nonconformist  Chapel  in  this  city,  to 
commemorate  the  names  of  Jive  sufferers,  and  the 
date  of  their  martyrdom,  who,  in  the  reign  of 
Queen  Mary,  rather  than  abjure  the  Protestant 
faith,  sealed  the  truth  with  their  blood  on  this 
spot.  The  tablet  records  as  follows  :  — 

"  In  Memory 
of  the  undernamed 

Martyrs 

who,  during  the  reign  of  Queen  Mary, 
for  the  avowal  of  their  Christian  faith, 

•were  burnt  to  death  on  the  ground 

upon  which  this  Chapel  is  erected. 

Richard  Shapton,  Richard  Sharp, 

suffered    Oct.    1555.  May  17th,   1557. 

Edward  Sharp,  Thomas  Hale, 

Sept.  8th,  1556.  May  17th,  1557. 

Thomas  Banion, 
August   17th,   1557. 

*  Be  not  afraid  of  them  that  kill  the  body,  and  after 
that  have  no  more  that  they  can  do.' " 

The  error  on  this  tablet  is  in  the  number  of  the 
sufferers,  and  not  in  the  fact;  and  it  occurs  in 
the  names  of  the  first  two  martyrs  there  men- 
tioned, the  mistake  resting  with  Mr.  Seyer,  the 
author  of  the  Memoirs  of  Bristol,  who  perpetually, 
throughout  his  work,  quotes  the  dubious  manu- 
script calendars  relating  to  this  city,  which  I  have 
before  shown  were,  according  to  his  own  testi- 
mony, utterly  unworthy  of  credit  (2nd  S.  v.  154). 
One  of  these  records  (says  Mr.  Seyer)  contains 

,  i          ,.    1 1  •  V       «f  J        s 

the  following :  — 

"  1555.  On  the  17th  of  October,  one  William  Shepton 
(alias  Shapman,  alias  Shapen),  a  weaver,  was  burnt  for 
religion." 

Another  calendar  (he  continues)  is  thus  :  — 
"  155G.  This  year  two  men,  one  a  weaver,  the  other  a 

cobbler,  were  burnt  at  St.  Michael's  Hill  for  religion. 

And  (it  is  added)  a  sheerman  was  burnt  for  denying  the 

sacrament  of  the  altar  to  be  the  very  body  and  blood  of 

Christ  really  and  substantially." 

Does  he  then  mean  to  say  there  were  three  ? 
He  then  cites  a  third  of  these  mischievous  calen- 


dars, in  which  the  name  of  Edward  Sharpe  occurs, 
and  this,  I  have  no  doubt,  has  caused  the  error 
referred  to  :  for  there  is  no  mention  whatever  of 
such  a  person  having  suffered  martyrdom  in  Bris- 
tol by  any  writer  deserving  the  name  of  an  autho- 
rity. In  the  best  edition  of  Fox's  Martyrs — that 
of  1646— four  only  are  recorded,  namely,  William 
Sarton,  who  was  burnt  September  18,  1556  ; 
Richard  Sharp,  May  7,  1557 ;  Thomas  Hale, 
burnt  in  the  same  fire  with  Eichard  Sharp,  and 
Thomas  Benion,  who  suffered  on  the  27th  of  the 
same  month  and  year.  (Acts  and  Monuments,  vol. 
iii.  pp.  749,  750,  855.)  GEORGE  PEYCE. 

Bristol  City  Library. 


REDUCTION  OF  RATHLIN  IN  1575. 

Many  are  of  opinion  that  Milton's  well-known 
similitude  of  English  history,  prior  to  the  ac- 
cession of  Henry  VII.,  applies  better  to  the 
early  state  of  Ireland  than  to  his  own  country. 
Notwithstanding,  however,  the  deliberate  judg- 
ment of  so  eminent  an  authority  in  the  one  case, 
arid  its  very  ready  acceptance  by  the  multitude  in 
the  other,  I  fully  concur  with  your  correspondent, 
MR.  GEO.  HILL,  that  the  history  of  the  Conquest 
or  "  Plantation  "  of  Ulster,  in  the  sixteenth  century, 
is  deserving  of  more  extended  treatment  than  it 
has  hitherto  received  at  the  hands  of  the  professed 
historian,  more  particularly  in  our  own  time. 
Happily,  the  day  has  dawned  when  the  governing 
policy  of  Queen  Elizabeth  and  her  immediate  suc- 
cessors in  the  land  of  St.  Patrick,  can  be  discussed 
by  all  sincere  loyalists  and  lovers  of  truth  and 
justice,  as  well  there  as  here,  without  any  danger 
of  rekindling  the  extinct  fires  of  national  bigotry. 
In  the  lapse  of  three  centuries,  the  angularities  of 
the  Celtic  and  Saxon  natures  respectively  have 
been  rounded  off,  old  factious  rivalries  have  ceased, 
and,  underthemore  benign  sway  of  our  present  most 
excellent  sovereign,  the  two  peoples  have  become 
one  indeed,  cherishing  the  same  loyal  sentiments, 
,  the  same  political  aspirations.  The  experience  of 
the  Past  is  the  property  of  both,  and  both  may 
deduce  from  it,  if  they  will,  many  invaluable  les- 
sons for  the  Present  and  Future.  But  this,  by- 
the-way.  My  purpose  is,  in  some  measure,  to 
supplement  the  paper  of  MR.  HILL  (vide  supra, 
p.  47.)  I  do  not  pretend  to  have  studied  so 
deeply  the  various  incidents  of  the  sanguinary 
struggle  in  Ulster,  in  the  beginning  of  Elizabeth's 
reign,  as  that  gentleman  has  done ;  but  when  in- 
vestigating, some  months  ago,  the  early  career  of 
Sir  Francis  Drake,  I  had  occasion  to  consult 
sundry  documents  and  correspondence  of  the 
period  bearing  upon  it,  which  are  preserved  in  the 
State  Paper  Office.  That  labour  resulted  in  the 
discovery  (or  that  which  is  tantamount  to  it)  of  a 
very  interesting  passage  in  the  life  of  the  admiral. 


90 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3ra  s.  V.  JAN.  30,  '64. 


After  his  successful  voyage  to  the  West  Indies 
in  1572,  Drake,  in  the  following  year,  joined  the 
standard  of  Walter  Earl  of  Essex,  when  that 
easily-gulled  courtier  was  moved  to  undertake 
his  quixotic  expedition  to  "  the  gall  and  nursery 
of  all  evil  men  in  Ireland,"  as  in  one  of  his  de- 
spatches thence  to  the  Lord  Treasurer,  he  desig- 
nated Ulster,  the  scene  of  his  exploits.*  Ostensibly 
his  object  was  "to  rid  her  majesty's  subjects  of 
the  tyranny  of  the  Scots ; "  |  but  really  to  seize 
upon  the  district  of  Clanheboy  or  Clanhughboy  (co. 
Antrim),  the  ancient  territory  of  the  O'Neils,  de- 
scendants of  the  princes  of  Tyrone;  which,  after  its 
conquest,  the  too  confident  adventurer  proposed  to 
divide  amongst  the  most  distinguished  of  his  fol- 
lowers. This  pretty  little  scheme  of  spoliation 
was  patronised  by,  if  it  did  not  originate  with,  the 
queen,  and  was  finally  brought  to  bear  by  the  in- 
tervention of  Leicester,  who  only  desired  to  banish 
his  rival  from  the  court.  It  generally  happened, 
whenever  Elizabeth  condescended  to  participate 
with  any  of  her  subjects  in  speculation  sofa  pecu- 
niary or  political  nature  that  she  got  the  best  of  the 
bargain,  and  such  was  the  case  in  the  present  in- 
stance. She  bestowed  upon  Essex  two  birds  in 
the  bush  for  the  one  which  he  placed  in  her  hands. 
In  other  words,  the  earl  was  compelled  to  surrender 
fifteen  of  his  manors  in  England  for  the  possible 
acquisition  of  half  a  county  in  Ireland.  Amongst 
his  followers  were,  besides  Drake,  the  Lords  Dacre 
and  Rich,  Sir  H.  Knollys  and  his  four  brothers, 
and  three  of  the  "black"  sons  of  Lord  Norreys. 

According  to  all  the  published  biographies  of 
Drake,  the  fact  of  his  service  in  Ireland,  between 
the  years  1573-1575,  is  known  only  by  tradition. 
It  has  been  said  that  he  fitted  out,  at  his  own  ex- 
pence,  "three  frigates"  (or  rather  frigots,  a  very 
different  class  of  vessel  to  our  frigate,  which  was 
not  introduced  into  the  royal  navy  until  at  least  a 
century  later),  with  which  he  rendered  material 
aid  to  the  filibustering  cause ;  but  in  what  parti- 
cular way,  or  in  what  particular  place,  had  passed 
put  of  remembrance.  The  facts  which  I  have  dis- 
interred from  the  national  archives  show,  that  he 
was  commissioned  for  the  service  by  the  queen,  and 
that  he  commanded  the  squadron  which  conveyed 
Essex  and  his  force,  comprising  1200  horse  and 
foot,  to  the  scene  of  their  adventure.  He  landed 
them  at  Carrickfergus  in  the  last  week  of  August, 
1573.  His  own  ship,  called  the  "Falcon,"  was 
probably  a  hired  one,  as  also  her  consorts.  If  so, 
the  duty  of  selecting  them  had  devolved  upon 
himself,  and  hence  the  tradition  of  his  havin"-  sup- 
plied them  at  his  own  cost. 

How  Essex  fared  on  his  arrival  in  Ireland  ;  how 
he  was  persistently  thwarted  by  a  jealous  Lord- 
Deputy;  how  he  was  gradually  deserted  by  his 
ollowers  of  every  degree ;  and  how,  in  fine,  he 

*  Essex  to  Burghley,  23  June,  1574,  8.  P.  O 
t  Vide  his  Proclamation,  20  Sept.  1573.— Ib. 


was  crushed  to  death  by  an  ever-increasing  weight 
of  disappointment,  sorrow,  and  anguish,  are  mat- 
ters too  well  known  to  need  recapitulation  in  this 
place.  The  only  real  success  he  could  boast  of,  in 
his  Irish  campaign,  was  the  surprisal  and  reduction 
of  the  island  of  Rathlin  —  a  service  in  which  he 
had  no  personal  share.  It  was  effected  by  the 
naval  skill  and  military  courage  of  Francis  Drake 
and  John  Norreys. 

Of  the  early  history  of  Rathlin  or  Raghery*  I 
know  very  little,  beyond  the  fact  that,  from  a  very 
remote  period,  it  served  for  a  stepping-stone  to 
the  Scots,  "  who  came  (as  that  marvellously  in- 
dustrious compiler,  Mr.  Rowley  Lascelles,  ex- 
presses it)  swarming  from  the  Hebrides  into 
Ulster."  It  lies  about  five  miles  off  the  northern 
coast  of  Antrim,  immediately  opposite  to  Bally- 
castle.  Its  shape  is  that  of  an  acute  angle,  of 
which  the  upper  or  horizontal  line  extends  (ac- 
cording to  the  Ordnance  survey)  four  miles,  and 
the  lower  or  perpendicular  line  three  miles. 
Access  to  its  shores  is,  I  believe,  at  all  times  dif- 
ficult, so  many  shoals  encompassing  them ;  and, 
owing  to  a  very  singular  and  violent  connection 
of  the  tides,  known  locally  as  the  "  Sloghna- 
morra,"  or  gulp  of  the  sea,  it  is  sometimes  ex- 
ceedingly dangerous,  if  not  altogether  imprac- 
ticable. The  Kinramer,  or  western  end  of  the 
isle,  is  craggy  and  mountainous,  and  the  coast 
destitute  of  a  harbour ;  but  the  Ushet,  or  eastern 
end,  is  more  level  and  fertile,  besides  being  sup- 
plied with  several  small  ports. 

At  the  time  when  Essex  resolved  to  surprise 
it,  the  island  was  subject  to  Sorley  Boy,  or 
Somhairle  M'Donnel  (youngest  son  of  Alexander 
M'Donnel,  quondam  Lord  of  the  Isles),  who,  on 
the  death  of  his  brother,  Alexander  Oge  M'Dou- 
nel,  possessed  himself  of  it,  assuming  at  the  same 
time  the  chieftainship  of  the  Irish- Scots,  and 
seizing  upon  the  person  of  his  nephew,  the  son 
of  his  deceased  brother,  whom  he  detained  there 
as  an  hostage.  This  captive  is  "  the  pledge  * 
mentioned  below  by  the  Earl,  in  his  despatch  to 
the  Queen,  and  one  of  the  few.  who  was  specially 
exempted  from  butchery  by  his  exasperated 
troops. 

The  want  of  provisions,  although  it  was  the 
height  of  summer,  obliged  Essex  to  break  up  his 
camp,  which  was  then  in  the  vicinity  of  Carrick- 
fergus, and  betake  himself  to  the  Pale.  Before 
his  retreat,  he  garrisoned  the  town,  and  left  it  in 
charge  of  John  Norreys.  Its  safety  was  further 
insured  by  the  presence  of  Drake.  Although,  as 
before  intimated,  Essex  took  no  personal  share  in 
the  attack  upon  Rathlin,  the  plan  and  all  its  de- 


*  I  have  read  somewhere,  that  the  name  of  the  island 
has  suffered  so  many  variations  in  its  orthography  as 
renders  it  now  impossible  to  determine  what  ma}'  be  the 
most  proper.  From  the  days  of  Pliny  to  our  own,  it  has 
been  spelled  in  ten  or  a  dozen  different  ways. 


3'*  S.  V.  JAN.  30,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


91 


tails  originated  with,  and  were  perfected  by  him- 
self. The  whole  shows  that  he  was  not  deficient 
in  military  sagacity  or  skill.  In  his  despatch  to 
Elizabeth  he  says  :  — 

"  I  thought  good  to  leese'  no  opportunity  that  might 
serve  to  the  annoying  of  the  Scot  (against  whom  only  I 
have  now  to  make  war),  and  finding  it  a  thing  very 
necessary  to  leave  a  good  garrison  at  Carigfergus,  for  that 
purpose  I  appointed  CCC  footmen  and  iiijxx  horsemen  to 
reside  there,  under  the  rule  of  Capt.  John  Norroyce,  to 
whom  I  gave  a  secret  charge,  that  having  at  Carigfergus 
the  three  frigates,  and  wind  and  weather  serving,  to 
confer  -with  the  captains  of  them,  and  on  the  sudden  to 
set  out  for  the  taking  of  the  island  of  the  Raughliens 
(with  care  in  their  absence  to  leave  a  sufficient  guard  for 
the  keeping  of  the  town  of  Carigfergus) ;  and  when  I 
had  given  this  direction  (to  make  the  Scots  less  sus- 
picious of  any  such  matter  pretended),  I  withdrew  myself 
towards  the  Pale,  and  Capt.  Norryce  with  his  company 
to  Carigfergus,  with  my  letters  of  direction  unto  the 
captains  of  the  three  frigates,  which  he  found  there  ready 
for  my  service."  * 

Norreys,  accordingly,  on  the  departure  of  his 
chief,  took  counsel  with  Drake,  Potter,  and  Syday, 
"  the  captains  of  the  three  frigates,"  who,  readily 
assenting  to  the  practicability  of  the  proposed 
scheme,  concluded  to  take  it  in  hand  at  once. 
They  collected  all  the  small  boats  belonging  to 
the  town,  which  would  suffice  for  transports,  and 
on  July  20th,  the  expedition  got  under  weigh 
from  Carrickfergus.  It  is  not  added  what  number 
of  men  was  told  off  for  this  service.  Owing  to 
the  variableness  of  the  winds  the  fleet,  when  at 
sea,  parted  company,  and  nearly  three  days  were 
consumed  in  making  the  island.  No  other  incon- 
venience, excepting  the  loss  of  time,  resulted  from 
this  delay ;  for  (says  Essex),  "  all  so  well  guided 
themselves,  that  they  met  at  the  landing-place  of 
the  Raughliens  the  xxij  day  in  the  morning  at 
one  instant."  The  spot  chosen  for  the  debarca- 
tion  of  the  troops  was  probably  in  Church  Bay. 

The  islanders,  perceiving  the  tardy  approach  of 
the  English,  and  fully  comprehending  their  object, 
had  ample  time  to  prepare  for  resistance.  They 
drew  up  all  their  forces  on  the  beach,  every  foot 
of  which  they  obstinately  contested ;  but  being 
at  length  overpowered  by  the  invaders,  they  fled, 
panic-stricken,  "  to  a  castle  which  they  had,  of 
very  great  strength,"  where,  outstripping  their 
pursuers,  they  shut  themselves  in.  The  castle 
referred  to  by  the  Earl  was  probably  that  which 
bore  the  name  of  the  Bruc;*,  from  the  fact  of  his 
having  found  an  asylum  there,  in  the  winter  of 
1306,  when  driven  out  of  Scotland  by  Baliol. 
The  foundations  of  it  are  still  visible  in  the  north- 
eastern corner  of  the  island. 

The  English  proceeded  to  invest  the  place,  and, 

alter^  much  hard  fighting,  in  which   several-  fell 

on  either  side,  including  "  the  captain "  of  the 

esieged,  the  latter  were  compelled,  on  the  26th, 

.  S.  P.  O.    Essex  to  the  Queen,  July  31, 


to  capitulate,  almost  unconditionally.  Only  the 
lives  of  the  "  Constable,"  and  of  his  wife  and 
child,  were  guaranteed ;  "  all  the  rest  were  to 
stand  on  the  curtesy  "  of  the  victors.  What  fol- 
lowed is  best  described  in  the  language  of  Essex  : 
"  The  soldiers  being  moved  and  much  stirred  with  the 
loss  of  their  fellows,  which  were  slayne,  and  desirous  of 
revenge,  made  request,  or  rather  pressed  to  have  the 
killing  of  them,  which  they  did  all,  saving  the  persons 
to  whom  life  was  promised,  and  a  pledge  which  was 
prisoner  in  the  castle  was  also  saved,  who  is  son  to  Alex- 
ander Og  M'Alyster  Harry.  .  .  .  There  were  slayn  that 
come  out  of  the  Castle,  of  all  sorts,  CC ;  and  presently 
news  is  brought  me,  out  of  Tyrone,  that  they  be  occupied 
still  in  killing,  and  have  slayn  [all]  that  they  have 
found  hidden  in  caves  and  in  cliffs  of  the  sea,  to  the 
number  of  CCCth  more." 

Deteriores  omnes  sumus  licentia  !  For  myself,  I 
am  thankful  to  have  lived  in  the  age  of  Mormon 
and  Zadkiel,  instead  of  in  that  of  Bacon  and 
Shakspere. 

The  spoil  taken  in  the  island  amounted  to  4000 
sheep,  300  kine,  200  stud  mares,  and  sufficient 
"  beer-corn  "  to  supply  300  men  for  a  whole  year, 
besides  other  more  valuable  household  property. 

If  ferocious  to  his  enemies,  Essex  was  grateful 
to  his  friends,  more  especially  to  the  conquerors 
of  Rathlin.  In  beseeching  the  queen  to  favour 
them  with  a  letter  of  thanks  for  their  services,  he 
assures  her  majesty  that,  ';  both  for  captains  and 
soldiers,  there  is  no  prince  in  Christendom  can 
have  better,  nor  more  willing  minds  to  serve  her  " 
than  these.  He  reiterated  this  request  to  the 
lords  of  the  Council,  as  well  as  to  Walsingham,  to 
whom,  in  a  private  communication,  he  adds  in  a 
postscript,— 

"  I  do  understand  this  day  by  a  spy,  coming  from 
Sorleboy's  camp,  that  upon  my  late  journey  made  against 
him,  he  then  put  most  of  his  plate,  most  of  his  children, 
and  the  children  of  the  most  part  of  his  gentlemen  with 
him,  and  their  wives  into  the  Raughliens,  which  be  all 
taken  and  executed,  as  the  spy  saith,  and  in  all  to  the 
number  of  vjCth.  Sorley  then  also  stood  upon  the  main- 
land of  the  Glynns,  and  saw  the  taking  of  the  island,  and 
was  likely  to  run  mad  for  sorrow  (as  the  spy  saith), 
tearing  and  tormenting  himself,  and  saying,  that  he  then 
lost  all  that  ever  he  had." 

"As  the  spy  saith," — twice  repeated!  Let  us 
flatter  ourselves  with  the  idea,  that  the  writer's 
humanity  was  slightly  touched  —  that  he  was  har- 
bouring an  agreeable  suspicion  that  some,  if  not 
all,  of  these  helpless  women  and  children  had 
escaped  from  the  swords  of  his  fiendish  soldiery. 

Essex  set  great  store  by  his  conquest  of  Rath- 
lin :  it  was  the  only  fruit  of  his  costly  labours  in 
Ulster.  Among  the  Cott.  MSS.  in  the  British 
Museum,  there  is  one  (Titus,  B.  xii.  f.  417), 
entitled  "  The  Earle  of  Essex''t)eclaracon  in  what 
Estate  he  founde  Ulster  at  his  arrival  there,  and 
how  he  left  it  at  his  comeing  awaye."  The  Earl 
remarks  therein,  inter  alia,  "when  I  was  dis- 
charged, I  left  the  Raughliens  in  her  majtyi  pos- 
session, as  the  best  mean,  in  my  opinion,  to 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  JAN.  30,  '64. 


banish  the  Scot."  He  is  asked  (probably  by 
Burghley)  :  "  What  is  meant  to  be  done  with  the 
isle  of  Ruughliens  ;  and  how  may  it  be  recovered 
and  kept ;  and  what  profit  may  grow  thereby  ?  " 
To  which  Essex  replies :  "  A  fortification  in  the 
Raughliens,  with  a  sufficient  force  to  resist  their 
landing  at  the  first,  is  the  most  requisite ;  within 
short  space  [it]  will  bear  the  charge  with  a  gain." 
Of  the  subsequent  fortunes  of  the  island,  I  know 
nothing.  &• 


FASHIONABLE  QUARTERS  OF  LONDON. 
[NO.  in.] 

The  Revolution  introduces  us  to  the  great 
Lord  Somers ;  who,  soon  after  he  was  appointed 
Lord  Keeper  of  the  Great  Seal,  removed  from 
the  Temple  to  Powis  House,  in  Lincoln's  Inn 
Fields.  This  house  King  William  determined 
should  be  for  ever  appropriated  to  the  use  of  the 
Chancellor  or  Keeper.  It  was,  therefore,  pur- 
chased by  the  government,  in  1696,  for  that  pur- 
pose; and  Lord  Somers,  and  his  successor  Sir 
Nathan  Wright,  both  remained  in  it  while  they 
held  the  office. 

Lord  Cowper,  during  his  first  Chancellorship  in 
Queen  Anne's  reign,  also  resided  in  the  same 
house,  as  also  did  his  successor  Lord  Harcourt ; 
but  before  Lord  Cowper's  second  Chancellorship, 
in  the  beginning  of  the  reign  of  George  I.,  the 
house  had  come  into  the  possession  of  the  Duke 
of  Newcastle,  and  was  thenceforward  called  New- 
castle House.  It  still  exists,  and  forms  the  north- 
west angle  of  Lincoln's  Inn  Fields,  leading  into 
Great  Queen  Street.  After  leaving  this  house, 
Lord  Cowper  removed  to  Great  George  Street, 
Westminster. 

I  am  not  certain  where  Sir  Thomas  Parker,  the 
unfortunate  Earl  of  Macclesfield,  resided  while  he 
was  Lord  Chancellor  of  George  I. ;  but  he  was  at 
the  time  of  his  death  building  a  house  in  St. 
James's  Square ;  and  he  died,  in  1732,  in  his  son's 
house  in  Soho  Square. 

Of  George  II.'s  first  Chancellor,  Peter,  Lord 
King,  I  do  not  know  the  town  residence.  His 
second  Chancellor,  Charles,  Lord  Talbot,  lived 
and  died  in  Lincoln's  Inn  Fields,  but  in  what 
house  is  not  stated.  His  third  Chancellor,  Philip, 
Lord  Hardwicke,  who  held  the  Great  Seal  nearly 
twenty  years,  died  seven  years  after  his  resigna- 
tion in  a  house  so  far  west  as  Grosvenor  Square  ; 
but  his  residence,  while  he  was  in  office,  was  in 
another  Powis  House  in  Great  Ormond  Street, 
the  site  of  which  is  now  occupied  by  Powis  Place. 

Of  the  numerous  Chancellors  of  George  III., 
I  do  not  know  the  official  residences  of  Robert 
Henley,  Earl  of  Northington,  nor  of  Charles 
Pratt,  Lord  Camden;  but  the  latter  died  at  his 
house  in  Hill  Street,  Berkeley  Square,  in  1794, 


twenty-four  years  after  his  retirement,  when  mi- 
gration to  the  west  had  become  common. 

Henry  Bathurst,  Lord  Apsley  and  Earl  of  Ba- 
thurst,  on  receiving  the  Great  Seal,  resided  in  Dean 
Street,  Soho  ;  but  afterwards  built  Apsley  House, 
in  Piccadilly,  now  the  residence  of  the  Duke  of 
Wellington. 

For  the  town  residences  of  the  Hon.  Charles 
Yorke,  of  Edward,  Lord  Thurlow,  of  Alexander, 
Lord  Loughborough,  and  of  some  others  with 
which  I  am  unacquainted,  I  must  rely  upon  your 
numerous  correspondents. 

John  Scott,  Earl  of  Eldon,  resided  when  Lord 
Chancellor,  at  first  in  Bedford  Square,  and  then 
in  Hamilton  Place,  Piccadilly. 

Thomas  Erskine,  Lord  Erskine,  during  the  brief 
period  in  which  he  held  the  Great  Seal,  resided 
on  the  south  side  of  Lincoln's  Inn  Fields,  in  the 
house  afterwards  occupied  by  the  Verulam  Club. 
John  Singleton  Copley,  Lord  Lyndhurst — Lord 
Chancellor  to  three  sovereigns,  George  IV.,  Wil- 
liam IV.,  and  our  present  Queen  —  died  the  other 
day  (as  we  all  have  cause  to  lament)  at  the  patri- 
archal age  of  ninety-two,  in  the  house  in  George 
Street,  Hanover  Square,  which  he  occupied  while 
in  office. 

Lord  Brougham's  residence  while  Lord  Chan- 
cellor to  William  IV.,  was  in  Grafton  Street,  New 
Bond  Street. 

With  regard  to  Queen  Victoria's  Chancellors,  I 
require  information  as  to  the  residences  of  the 
Earl  of  Cottenham,  Lord  Truro,  and  Lord  St. 
Leonard's,  while  in  office ;  but  they  were  all  in 
the  west. 

Lord  Cran worth  resided  in  Upper  Brooke  Street, 
Grosvenor  Square. 

Lord  Chelmsford's  house  was,  and  is,  in  Eaton 
Square. 

Lord  Campbell  carried  the  Seal  as  far  south- 
west as  Stratheden  House,  Knightsbridge  :  and 
the  present  Chancellor,  Lord  Westbury,  lives  at 
much  the  same  distance  north-west,  in  Hyde 
Park  Gardens,  Bayswater  Road. 

Having  thus  shown  the  migration  of  these  legal 
functionaries  from  one  extreme  to  the  other,  I 
hope  some  of  your  correspondents  will  supply  you 
with  the  progress  of  fashion  which  has  led  other 
classes  and  professions  from  the  east  to  the  west. 
And  I  shall  be  obliged  by  any  additions  to,  or 
corrections  of,  the  details  which  I  have  offered 
you.  EDWAKD  Foss. 


JOHN  FREDERICK  LAMPE. 

The  statements  made  by  the  musical  historians 
and  biographers  concerning  the  time  and  place  of 
the  death  of  this  excellent  composer  (whose  music 
to  Henry  Carey's  Dragon  of  Waniley,  and  to  the 
mock  opera  of  Pyramus  and  Thisbe,  is  conceived 


3rd  S.  V.  JAN.  30,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


93 


in  the  true  spirit  of  burlesque,)  are  very  contra- 
dictory. 

Hawkins  (History  of  Music,  London,  1776,  v. 
371),  says  "Lampe  died  in  London  about  twenty 
years  ago."  Burney  (History  of  Music,  iv.  672, 
London,  1789,)  tells  us  that  Lampe,  "quitting 
London  in  1749,  resided  two  years  at  Dublin  ; 
and  in  1750  went  to  Edinburgh,  where  he  settled, 
very  much  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  patrons  of 
music  in  that  city,  and  of  himself;  but  in  July, 
1751,  he  was  seized  with  a  fever  which  put  an 
end  to  his  existence  at  the  age  of  fifty-nine." 
This  statement  is  repeated,  in  nearly  the  same 
words,  in  the  article  "Lampe"  in  Kees's  Cyclo- 
pcedia  (also  written  by  Burney),  the  date  1748, 
however,  being  substituted  for  1749.  The  ac- 
count given  in  Burney's  History  is  copied  in 
Gerber's  Lexicon  der  Tonkunstler  (iii.  166,  Leip- 
zig, 1813),  and  in  Schilling's  Lexicon  der  Ton- 
kiinst  (iv.  312,  Stuttgart,  1837).  The  Dictionary 
of  Musicians  (London,  1824,)  states  that  "Lampe 
died  in  London  in  the  year  1751 ;"  and  Fetis 
(Biographic  des  Musiciens,  Brussels,  1840,  vi.  34), 
says,  "  II  mourut  en  1756." 

The  General  Advertiser,  London  newspaper,  of 
Thursday,  September  12,  1751,  has  the  following 
paragraph :  — 

"  By  letters  from  Edinburgh,  we  have  the  following 
inscription,  taken  from  the  monument  of  Mr.  Lampe,  the 
celebrated  Master  of  Musick,  who  lately  died  there :  — 

" '  Here  lie  the  mortal  Remains  of  John  Frederick 
Lampe,  whose  harmonious  Compositions  shall  outlast 
monumental  Registers,  and  with  melodious  Notes  through 
future  Ages  perpetuate  his  Fame,  'till  Time  shall  sink 
into  Eternity.  His  Taste  for  moral  Harmony  appeared 
through  all  his  Conduct.  He  was  a  most  loving  Hus- 
band, an  affectionate  Father,  Friend,  and  Companion. 
On  the  25th  Day  of  July,  1751,  in  the  48th  Year  of  his 
Age,  he  was  summoned  to  join  that  heavenly  Concert 
with  the  blessed  Choir  above,  where  his  virtuous  Soul 
now  enjoys  that  Harmony  which  was  his  chief  Delight 
upon  Earth.'  " 

It  is  curious  (supposing  this  inscription  to  be 
accurate)  that  the  statements  of  all  Lampe's  bio- 
graphers should  be  more  or  less  tainted  with 
error  :  Burney,  whose  account  in  other  respects 
is  correct,  erring  with  respect  to  the  deceased's  age. 

Can  any  of  your  readers  inform  us  in  what 
church,  churchyard,  or  other  place  of  sepulture 
in  the  Scottish  metropolis,  Lampe's  remains  rest  ? 
What  is  the  character  of  his  monument,  if  exist- 
ing ?  And  whether  the  copy  of  the  inscription, 
given  in  the  General  Advertiser,  is  correct  or 
not?  W.  H.  HUSK. 


PALINDROMICAL  VERSES :  JANI  DE  BISSCHOP 
CHORUS  MUSARUM. 

The  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."  have  repeatedly  con 
tained  specimens  of  Palindromical  verses  anc 
other  kinds  of  misdirected  literary  labour ;  but  ] 


do  not  recollect  of  having  ever  met  with   any 
notice  of  a  work  now  before  me,  which  I  should 
magine  to  be  unparalleled  in  the  annals  of  such 
srifling. 
I  subjoin  its  title,  verbatim  :  — 

"  Jani  De  Bisschop  Chorus  Musarum,  id  est,  Elogia, 
Poemata,  Epigrammata,  Echo,  JEnigmata,  Ludus  Poeti- 
cus,  Ars  Hermetica,  &c.  Lugduni  Batavorum, 

{Job :  Du  Vivie, ) 
et  VMDCC." 

Is :  Severini  J 

The  volume,  a  stout  small  8vo  of  434  pages, 
commences — after  two  dedications,  one  of  them  to 
Cornelius  De  Witte,  Baro  de  Ruiter —  with  a 
series  of  elogia  on  different  members  of  the  De 
Ruiter  family.  A  poem  on  the  Birth-day  of 
William  III.  and  others  on  the  Praise  of  Amster- 
dam, the  Fire  of  London,  &c.  succeed.  Next 
in  order  are  the  Epigrams,  occupying  nearly  160 
pages,  and  for  the  most  part  wofully  deficient  in 
point,  all  at  least  I  have  had  patience  to  read. 
Here  is  one  of  the  best :  — 

"  Erasmus  infans. 

"  Parvus  eras,  nee  Erasmus  eras  mus,  dictus  Erasmus, 
Die  age,  si  Sum  mus,  tune  quoque  summus  ero." 

The  next  division  of  the  work,  and  th'e  first 
which  is  characteristic  of  it  —  entitled  Ludus 
Poeticus  —  begins  with  a  Palindromical  poem ; 
apparently,  however,  not  written  by  Bisschop,  as 
it  is  termed  Melos  retrogradum  ayvdxrrov. 

This  composition  extends  to  no  less  than  sixty 
lines,  but  the  first  six  will  probably  be  enough  for 
the  readers  of  "  N.  &Q."  — 

"  Sumere  tironem  si  vis,  me  norit  eremus : 
Jurem  non  animo,  nomina  non  merui. 

Aspice :  nam  raro  mittit  timor  arma,  nee  ipsa, 
Si  se  mente  reget,  non  tegeret  Nemesis. 

Me  turn  animat  recte,  me  dem,  et  certamina  mutem, 
Si  res  una  velit  utile,  vanus  eris." 

It  will  be  observed  that  each  line  may  be  made 
the  same  syllabically,  whether  read  from  right  to 
left,  or  vice  versa. 

Next  in  order  is  a  poem,  In  Natalem  Christi, 
extending  to  eighteen  lines,  and  constructed  on  a 
model  which  will  be  best  understood  by  a  speci- 
men :  — 

"  Magne  puelle,  jaces  lecto,  te  stringit  egestas ; 
Agne  tenelle,  taces  tecto,  me  cingit  honestas. 
^Ethera  pax  spernit,  dux  majestate  tremenda: 
Sidera  fax  cernit,  lux  libertate  verenda." 

Various  classes  of  similar  verses  succeed,  which 
I  shall  name  in  order,  giving  a  specimen  of  each. 

"  Concordantes  Versus. 
ventus     •  quas  obruit 

Accendit  flammas,  unda. 

vinum  quod  temperat 

Correlativi  Versus. 
Praedator,  miles,  lictor,  neco,  saucio,  macto, 

Plebem,  hostem,  furem,  fraudibus,  ense,  cruce. 
Sic  legito  prtecedentes  versiculos :  predator  neco  plebe 


94 


KOTES  AND  QUERIES, 


[3'd  S.  V.  JAN.  30,  '64. 


fraudibus:  miles  saucio  hostem  ense;  Kotor  mtteto  furem 
cruce. 

Scalaris  gradatio. 

Sol  solus  solidat  solamina  sollicitorum 
Sollicitatorum  sollicitudinibus. 

Gigantei  Versus, 
"  Terrificaverunt  Otthomannopolitanos 

Intempestivis  anxietudinibus. 
Debellaverunt  Gratianopolitanos, 
Terriculamentis,  Carlomontesii. 
Depugnaverunt  Constantinopolitani, 

Opprobramentis  illachrymabilibus." 
Versus  recurrentes  seu  reciproci,  ex  heroico  Pentametrum. 
"  Agros  cultor  aro  non  pigra  sedulitate. 
Sedulitate  pigra  non  aro  cultor  agros." 

Litercs  Retrogrades. —This  is  a  letter  regarding 
a  young  man  to  his  father,  which,  read  from  the 
beginning,  expresses  praise,  and,  from  the  end 
(the  punctuation  at  the  same  time  being  slightly 
altered),  censure.  One  sentence,  forming  about 
one-fifth  of  the  whole,  will  suffice  :  — 

«  Pater,  filius  tuas  frugi  vivit,  nee  preciosius  tempus, 
et  pecuniam  dilapidat ;  frequentandis  identidem  templis 
et  gymnasiis,  non  compotationibus,  comessationibus,  ve- 
natui,  aleis,  ludis  operam  dat.  Vice  versa. 

"  Dat  operam  ludis,  aleis,  venatui,  comessationibus, 
compoljationibus,  non  gymnasiis  et  templis  identidem  fre- 
quentandis :  dilapidat  pecuniam  et  tempus  preciosius,  nee 
vivit  frugi  tuus  filius,  pater." 

Lusus  in  liter  a  A.    Laua  Gulielmi  III.,  §-c. 
"  Agglomerata  acies,  addensans  agminis  alas, 
Advolat  auxiliis,  arvoque  affulget  aperto : 
Auriacusque  ardens  animis,  animosior  arte, 
Auctoratus  adest,  arma  aureus,  aureus  arma 
Adfremit ;  auratis  armis  accingitur  armos." 

And  so  on  for  thirty-three  lines  more. 

Echo  in  Ignaticolas. — This  is  a  long  poetical 
invective  against  the  followers  of  Ignatius  Loyola, 
extending  to  fifty-two  pages,  and  containing  many 
references  to  notorious  members  of  the  order  and 
their  nefarious  doings.  Each  line  ends  with  an 
"  echo,"  thus  — 
"  Patres,  Jesu  nomen  sibi  arrogantes,  furantur, — urantur. 

Est  societas  superba,  famosa,  passim  in  visa,  orbi  fatalis ; 
—tails. 

Patres  quserunt  gloriam  sui,  non  Dei  majorem ; — o  rem  ! 

Ignatium,  hominem  militarem  Deo,  assimulant, — simu- 
lant." 

Logogriphi. — Virtus,  virus,  vir,  tus. 
T  si  sustuleris  medio  de  nomine ;  rerum 
Optima  quae  fueram,  rerum  tune  pessima  fio. 
Mas  caput  est ;  mea  cauda  petit  sibi  funus,  et  ignes." 
JEnigmata.  —  Of  these  there   are   upwards  of 
three  hundred.    We  subjoin  the  sixty-ninth,  on 
a  telescope :  — 

"  Non  video ;  per  me  facio  vidisse  remota : 
Extender,  minnor;  manus  adjuvat.    Aspicis  ex  me 
Sidera,  quue  fugiunt  oculos.    Ego  servio  nautis." 

We  also  subjoin  one  of  a  different  class  :  — 

"  Oo  papapa,  ii  mamama :  mors  rumrum  erit  phusphus- 

phus  sescaenns,  et  mimiminus  vitae  rererenae :  felicicici  iii 

ad  pammm  mimiminare  popopount. 

"  Sic  legito  mces  prcccedentes :  Obis  pater,  ibis  mater : 


mors  duorum  erit  triumphus  teternus,  et  terminus  vita  ter- 
rence  :  feliciter  iter  adpatriam  terminare  poterunt" 

Among  some  Sententics  retrogrades,  p.  414,  oc- 
curs the  famous  line  which  has  been  discussed  in 
"  K  &  Q."  :  — 

"  Sator  erepo  tenet  opere  rotas." 

It  will  be  observed  there  is  a  slight  difference 
between  this  version  and  the  common  one.  If 
we  suppose  Erepo  to  be  a  proper  name,  then, 
some  such  meaning  as  this  might  be  educed  from 
this  puzzling  line,  which  it  is  worth  noting  Biss- 
chop  speaks  of  as  ancient  (antiquum) — The  planter 
Erepo  holds  (or  arrests)  by  an  effort  the  wheels. 

A  nagramma  ta. 

"  Quid  est  veritas  ?    Est  vir  qui  adest. 
Ignatius  Xaverius.     Gavisi  sunt  vexari. 
Cornelius  Jansenius.    Calvini  sensus  in  ore." 

I  have  now  furnished  the  readers  of  "  N".  &  Q." 
with  sufficient  materials  for  forming  an  estimate 
of  this  extraordinary  volume.  Their  astonish- 
ment will  be  immeasurably  enhanced  when  they 
read  the  following  sentence,  which  comprises  the 
whole  of  a  preliminary  address  to  the  reader,  with 
the  exception  of  a  reference  to  the  very  numerous 
typographical  errors  which  occur  throughout  the 
work :  — 

"  Si  poematum  meorum  fontes,  ingenii  tui  palato  sapiunt* 
addam  praeterea  ferculorum  delicias,  quinque  alia  volu- 
mina,  eadem,  ut  hie  libellus,  forma  in  octavo  imprimenda ; 
quorum  secundum  volumen  erit  Heroicorum  poematum  ; 
tertium  Elegiacorum  variorum  plurimorum :  quartum 
Elegiacorum  in  Patrem  Commire  Jesuitam  Gallum,  qui 
MARINE  STUARTS  reginse  Manes  consceleravit :  quintum. 
Lyricorum :  sextum  Elogiorum  :  septimum  undecim  mil- 
Hum  sententiarum  fere  novarum :  octavum  Comoediarum. 
ac  Tragcediarum  Latinarum :  nonum  denique  imaginem 
secundi  saeculi  Jesuitarum." 

The  discrepancy  between  the  general  and  spe- 
cific enumeration  of  these  MS.  volumes  is  very 
curious,  and  not  corrected  in  the  list  of  errata. 

I  suspect  the  work  is  rare.  Besides  my  own 
copy,  I  have  only  traced  it  in  three  Catalogues  — 
one  of  these  that  of  Dr.  Parr's  Library,  where  it 
occurs  under  the  head  of  "  Recentiores  Poetici, 
Satirici,  Faceti,  &c."  No  note  appears  to  have 
been  found  in  Dr.  Parr's  copy,  but  I  may  quote 
what  he  says  of  the  whole  class  in  which  he  bad 
placed  it :  "  Most  of  them  very  rare,  and  very 
expensive ;  all  expensive  except  one,  and  that 
not  a  very  cheap  one." 

Should  any  of  the  readers  of  "  N".  &  Q."  desire 
to  see  some  further  specimens  of  Bisschop's  la- 
bours, I  shall  be  happy  to  transmit  a  few  for  in- 
sertion in  its  pages.  J.  D. 

Edinburgh. 

ESQUIRE.  —  I  have  just  found  the  following 
among  some  papers,  which  may  be  interesting  to 
readers  of  "  N.  &  Q.  :  "  — 

^  "  In  tbe  year  1825,  at  the  Gloster  Spring  Quarter  Ses- 
sions, three  vinegar-makers  indicted  certain  thieves  for  a 


S*A  S.  V.  JAN.  30,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


95 


robbery,  and  called  themselves  Esquires  in  the  indict- 
ment. In  proving  the  case  they  proved  themselves  to  be 
vinegar-makers,  and  the  witnesses  who  swore  to  that 
fact,  were  cross-examined  at  length  as  to  the  fact  of  their 
being  esquires,  which  they  negatived.  On  this,  Counsel- 
lor Ludlow  took  an  objection  to  the  indictment  on  the 
ground  of  misdescription,  which  was  fully  argued.  He 
said,  that  if  the  culprits  were  convicted  on  such  an  in- 
dictment, they  might  be  indicted  at  a  future  time  for 
the  same  offence  by  the  same  parties  under  the  true  de- 
signation of  vinegar-makers,  without  being  able  to  sup- 
port a  plea  of  autrefois  acquit,  by  the  production  of  the 
first  indictment.  It  was  argued  on  all  hands,  that  if  a 
person  be  an  esquire,  and  also  a  vinegar-maker,  he  may 
call  himself  by  his  more  worthy  addition ;  but  it  was 
contended  that  a  person  who  was  not  an  esquire  had  no 
right  to  call  himself  so  to  the  detriment  of  a  party  ac- 
cused. In  support  of  the  indictment,  it  was  said  among 
other  things,  that  the  vinegar-makers  might  be  esquires 
by  reputation,  such  esquires  being  mentioned  in  some  old 
law  books ;  but  this  was  opposed  by  the  dictum  of  Coke, 
Reputatio  est  vulgaris  opinio  ubi  -non  est  veritas.  The 
Court  decided  against  the  validity  of  the  indictment,  and 
the  thieves  were  acquitted.  Shutt  and  Justice  were  the 
counsel  for  the  prosecutors." — From  a  note  given  many  years 
ago  by  a  Barrister  who  was  in  the  court  at  the  time. 

H.  T.  E. 

LORD  GAEDENSTON,  one  of  the  Judges  of  the 
Court  of  Session  in  Scotland  founded  about  a 
century  ago  the  present  village  of  Laurencekirk, 
on  his  property  in  Kincardineshire.  To  encourage 
strangers  to  settle  in  it,  he  gave  Free  Rights  (copy- 
holds) at  an  unusually  low  rate,  and  consequently 
got  several  of  them  taken  by  parties  of  question- 
able respectability.  He  built  an  inn  in  the  vil- 
lage, and  put  into  one  of  the  rooms  an  album, 
inviting  travellers  to  write  in  it  any  suggestions 
or  observations ;  and  he  called  frequently  to  look 
at  the  contents.  It  is  said  that  he  felt  much  nettled 
on  finding  in  it  one  morning  the  following  lines: — 
"From  small  beginnings  Rome  of  old 
Became  a  great  and  populous  city, 
Though  peopled  first,  as  we  are  told, 

By  outcasts,  blackguards,  and  banditti ; 
Quoth  Thomas, '  Then  the  time  may  come 
When  Laurencekirk  shall  equal  Rome.' " 

G. 

Edinburgh. 

ENGLISH  WOOL  IN  1682.— In  turning  over  the 
pages  of  a  learned  disquisition  written  by  a  Ger- 
man and  published  "  Francofurti  ad  Viadrum  " 
in  1682,  I  found  the  following  passage  relative 
to  the  merits  of  English  wool,  which  may  be  worth 
transferring  to  your  columns :  — 

"  Post  Hispanicam  praecipua  bonitas  est  lan»  Angli- 
canae ;  ut  enim  oves  Anglicanae  nostras  Germanicas  magni- 
tudine  ac  pinguedine  superant;  sic  melior  etiam  illarum 
lana;  cujus  rationem  reddunt,  turn  quod  pabulis  alantur 
minus  ]«tis,  quae  opiliones  fugere  jubent,  turn  quod  ea 
regione  oves  vix  bibant,  sed  ad  sitim  extinguendam 
coelesti  fere  rore  sint  content®.  Quibus  alia  adhunc  ad- 
jicitur  quod  Angli  lac  agnis  non  subducant,  ut  in  Ger- 
mania  contingit,  sed  ejus  usum  continuum  ipsis  conce- 
dant." 

This  occurs  at  section  64  of  a  Dissertatio  juri- 
dica  de  Lana  et  Lanificis,  by  David  Coffler.  In  the 


summary  of  contents  the  passage  is  thus  indicated  : 
"  Lana  Anglicana  melior  est  Germanica,  et  quae 
ratio  ejus."  J.  M. 

A  TESTIMONY  TO  OTJR  CLIMATE. — The  Times  of 
the  20th  instant  chronicles  the  death  of  eight  per- 
sons between  seventy  and  eighty,  of  five  between 
eighty  and  ninety,  and  of  four  over  ninety.  The 
united  ages  of  these  seventeen  persons  giving  an 
average  of  eighty-two  years  for  each.  On  the 
2 1st  we  read  of  fifteen  dying  between  seventy  and 
eighty,  of  eight  between  eighty  and  ninety,  and 
one  over  ninety.  The  average  of  these  twenty- 
four  being  very  nearly  seventy- six  years  a-piece. 
On  the  22nd  there  appeared  two  over  ninety,  six 
between  eighty  and  ninety,  and  ten  between 
seventy  and  eighty.  The  average  here  being 
nearly  seventy-nine.  On  the  23rd,  thirteen  be- 
tween seventy  and  eighty,  seven  between  eighty 
and  ninety,  and  one  over  ninety,  making  an  aver- 
age of  seventy-nine  and  a  half  each.  We  suppose 
our  American  cousins  would  say,  if  these  eighty 
individuals,  whose  longevity  we  have  noticed,  had 
lived  anywhere  else  but  in  our  own  land  of  fogs 
and  changeable  weather,  they  would  never  have 
died  at  all.  K.  C.  L. 


MILTON'S  THIRD  WIFE  AND  ROGER  COMBER- 
BACH  OF  NANTWICH. 

In  turning  over  the  leaves  the  other  day  of  a 
little  book,  entitled  Description  ofNuneham-  Court- 
ney, in  the  County  of  Oxford,  1797,  8vo,  I^met  with 
the  following  note,  in  the  catalogue  of  pictures  in 
the  library,  given  at  p.  28  :  — 

"  Milton,  by  Vandergucht,  after  the  original  in  the 
possession  of  Lord  Onslow ;  at  the  back  of  which  is  the 
following  inscription ;  -— 

"  'This  original  picture  of  Milton*  I  bought  in  the 
year  1729  or  1730,  and  paid  twenty  guineas  for  it,  of  Mr. 
Cumberbatcb,  a  gentleman  of  very  good  consideration 
in  Chester,  who  was  a  relation  and  executor  of  the  will 
of  Milton's  last  wife,  who  died  a  little  while  before  that 
time.  He  told  me  it  hung  up  in  her  chamber  till  her 
death,  and  that  she  used  to  say  her  husband  gave  it  her, 
to  show  her  what  he  was^  in  his  youth,  being  drawn 
when  he  was  about  twenty-one  years  of  age. 

'  AK.  ONSLOW.'  " 

In  Mitford's  edition  of  Milton's  Works  (p.  vii., 
note),  I  read:  "The  picture  of  Milton,  when 
about  twenty,  was  in  the  possession  of  the  Rt. 
Hon.  Arthur  Onslow."  This  portrait  forms  a 
frontispiece  to  Masson's  Life  of  Milton.  My 
object  in  troubling  you  with  this  Note,  is,  to 
ascertain  the  connection  between  Mr.  Comber- 
bach  and  Mrs.  Milton,  alluded  to  in  the  above 


*  An  account  of  the  different  portraits  of  Milton  will 
be  found  in  the  Lancashire  and  Cheshire  Hist.  Society 
Publications,  vol.  xii.  p.  135. 


96 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  JAN.  30,  '64. 


extract;  and  I  may  add,  that  any  information 
relative  to  the  family  of  Comberbach,  or,  as  it  is 
frequently  spelt,  Cumberbatch,  will  be  very  ac- 
ceptable to  and  gratefully  received  by  me. 

In  the  first  volume  of  Pickering's  edition  of 
Milton's  Works,  1851,  there  is  a  pedigree  of  the 
family  of  Milton  by  Sir  Charles  Young,  Garter. 
From  this,  it  appears  that  Milton  married  three 
times  :  first,  to  Mary,  daughter  of  Richard  Powell ; 
second,  to  Catherine,  daughter  of  Captain  Wood- 
cock ;  both  of  whom  died  in  child-bed,  having  had 
issue.  By  his  third  wife—"  Elizabeth  Minshull  of 
Stoke,  near  Nantwich,  co.  Chester,  marr.  lie. 
dated  11  Feb.  1662  ;  died,  very  old,  at  Nantwich, 
in  1729  (a  relation  to  Dr.  Paget)  ;  will,  in  which 
she  is  described  as  Elizabeth  Milton  of  Nantwich, 
co.  Chester,  wid.,  dated  22  Aug.  1717,  proved 
at  Chester,  Oct.  10,  1727,"— he  had  no  issue.  To 
this  extract  (from  Sir  G.  C.  Young's  pedigree) 
there  is  this  note :  — 

«  Elizabeth  Milton,  after  payment  of  debts  and  funeral 
expences,  gives  the  residue  of  her  effects  to  her  nephews 
and  nieces  in  Namptwich  equally  to  be  divided,  without 
naming  them,  and  appoints  her  loving  friends  Samuel 
Acton  and  John  Allcock,  both  of  Namptwich,  exors: 
the  latter  only  proved  the  will." 

From  this  it  would  appear  that  Mr.  Comber- 
bach  was  not  an  executor.  That  he  knew  some- 
thing of  the  Milton  family,  is  shown  by  the 
annexed  extract  and  note  from  Peck's  New  Me- 
moirs of  Milton,  p.  1  :  — 

"  Mr.  Milton's  mother  (I  am  informed  *)  was  aHaugh- 
ton  of  Haughton  Tower  in  Lancashire." 

"  *  From  a  letter  of  Roger  Comberbach,  of  Chester,  Esq., 
to  William  Cowper,  Esq.,  Clerk  of  the  Parliament,  dated 
15  Dec.  1736." 

This  letter  is,  I  suppose,  lost ;  but,  if  extant,  it 
might  afford  some  information. 

I  have  consulted  the  accounts  of  the  Minshull 
family  given  by  Ormerod  (History  of  Cheshire, 
vol.  iii.  pp.  181,  191),  and  in  the  Publications  of 
the  Historic  Society  of  Lancashire  and  Cheshire 
(Session  II.  pp.  85,  232),  but  am  not  able  to  dis- 
cover the  connection  between  Elizabeth  Minshull 
and  Mr.  Comberbach  from  them. 

Mr.  Masson  (Life  of  Milton,  vol.  i.  p.  23), 
says :  — 

"  Roger  Comberbach  was  Eoger  Comberbach  *  the 
younger,  son  of  an  elder  of  that  name,  who  was  born  in 
1666;  and  became  recorder  of  Chester,  and  author  of 
some  legal  works.  Both  father  and  son  were  interested 
in  the  antiquities  of  Cheshire,  and  both  knew  Nantwich 
well,  where  the  elder  had  been  born.  Milton's  widow 
died  at  Nantwich  in  1727,  and  might  have  been  known 
to  both." 

I  cannot  tell  in  what  way  the  Comberbachs, 
father  and  son,  evinced  an  interest  in  the  anti- 
quities of  Cheshire.  I  must  say  I  doubt  it.  At 


'  See  an  account  of  his  descendants  in  Ormerod,  vol.  iii. 
pp.  229,  232  ;  Burke's  Commoners,  vol.  ii.  p.  461 ;  Burke's 
Landed  Gentry,  art.  "  Swetenham  of  Somerford  Booths." 


the  last  Visitation  of  Cheshire,  we  find  Roger 
Comberbach,  of  Nantwich,  among  those  who  dis- 
claimed their  right  to  arms.  And  as  far  as  I  can 
learn  from  the  College  of  Arms,  no  grant  has 
ever  been  made.  My  desire  to  obtain  informa- 
tion concerning  this  family,  must  be  my  apology 
for  trespassing  so  much  on  your  valuable  space. 
GEORGE  W.  MARSHALL. 


AMERICAN  AUTHORS. — Can  any  of  your  Ame- 
rican readers  give  me  any  biographical  particu- 
lars regarding  two  American  poets  and  dramatists? 
1.  Jonas  B.  Phillips,  author  of  Camillus,  a  play, 
acted  at  the  Arch  Street  Theatre,  Philadelphia, 
in  1833.  He  was  also  author  of  several  other 
plays.  2.  Dr.  Ware,  author  of  Dion,  a  Play, 
acted  at  Philadelphia,  about  1828.  Who  was 
this  Dr.  Ware  ?  There  are  two  or  three  American 
Dr.  Wares.  I  find  these  authors  mentioned  in 
Rees's  Dramatic  Authors  of  America,  Philadelphia, 
1845.  R.  I. 

AN  ALDINE  BOOK. — Looking  over  a  very  high 
shelf  of  classical  books  during  the  Christmas 
holydays,  I  met  with  Pomponius  Mela  and  So- 
linus,  commencing  with  an  address  by  Franciscus 
Asolanus,  12mo,  Venice,  1518.  On  consulting 
A.  A.  Renouard,  I  find  that  it  is  an  interesting 
edition,  considered  as  science  or  literature ;  ^but  I 
am  only  concerned  here  with  it  bibliographically. 
Renouard  (I  write  from  memory)  describes  the 
book  on  two  8vo  pages,  but  he  omits  to  say  that 
it  is  printed  in  Italic  letter,  that  large  square 
spaces  have  been  left  for  an  illuminated  or  orna- 
mental letter  at  the  beginning  of  each  chapter, 
which  (in  my  copy)  is  only  a  piccolo  in  the  middle 
of  the  square.  But,  in  the  collation,  after  men- 
tioning that  there  should  be  233  feuillets  and 
three  more,  the  last  with  the  anchor  (one  of  the 
most  elegant  and  delightful  bookmarks  I  know), 
he  says  nothing  of  four  at  the  beginning  of  the 
book,  which  there  should  be  to  make  it  complete. 
The  register  says  that  *a,  b,  &c.  are  in  quater- 
nions. Renouard  has  omitted  altogether  the  four 
leaves  with  the  star.  Will  some  of  those  who 
enjoy  the  luxury  of  Aldus's  editions,  and  of  Re- 
nouard's  Aide  in  3  vols.,  be  so  good  as  to  tell  me 
whether  I  am  correct,  and  whether  the  title-page 
is  given  literally  correct  by  Renouard,  and  how 
it  is  arranged  lineatim  ?  WM.  DAVIS. 

Hill  Cottage,  Erdington. 

BALLOONS  :    THEIR  DIMENSIONS  .  —  Is  M.  Na- 

dar's  "  Geant "  balloon  the  largest  that  has  ever 
been  constructed  ?  I  should  be  particularly 
obliged  to  any  of  your  correspondents  who  will 
furnish  me  with  the  dimensions  of  some  of  the 
most  remarkable  ones  that  have  preceded  it. 
Aeronautic  Treatises  disagree  with  one  another 
so  strikingly  on  this  point,  that  I  should  be  glad 
to  know  how  to  get  at  the  truth.  R.  C.^L. 


S'-i  S.  V.  JAN.  30,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


97 


BEECH  TREES  NEVER  STRUCK  BY  LIGHTNING. 
This  is  an  opinion  which  prevails  in  Kent,  but, 
strange  to  relate,  in  Buckinghamshire,  which 
abounds  in  these  trees,  the  saying  is  unknown. 
On  taking  some  long  rides  through  the  woods 
there  last  summer,  we  observed  Oak,  Elm,  and 
Ash,  which  had  evidently  suffered  more  or  less 
from  the  thunder-stroke,  but  not  one  Beech, 
though  they  are  »often  the  loftiest  trees  in  the 
forests.  Since  this  time  my  friend  has  made  re- 
peated inquiries  on  the  subject,  and  cannot  meet 
with  any  one  who  has  seen  such  a  thing.  Can 
any  of  your  readers  assist  me  with  any  further 
information?  If  it  be  true  that  the  Beech  is 
proof  to  the  electric  fluid,  it  will  be  very  valuable 
information,  as  lives  are  lost  almost  every  year 
by  persons  taking  shelter  from  storms  of  rain 
beneath  trees  which  are  not  so  favoured.  The 
same  thing  is  said  of  the  Bay  (Laurus  nobilis)  in 
Italy.*  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

JOHN  BRISTOW.  —  Mr.  Samuel  Tymms,  in  his 
Family  Topographer  (vi.  Cumberland,  37),  makes 
the  following  statement :  — 

"  Of  Stainton  was  Mr.  John  Bristow,  who  published  a 
Survey  of  the  Lakes  after  attaining  his  S4th  year.  He 
never  employed  a  surgeon  or  physician,  nor  gave  a  fee 
to  a  lawyer ;  his  clothes  were  spun  in  his  house,  and  made 
of  the  wool  of  his  own  sheep." 

It  will  be  seen  that  the  material  matter  known 
as  a  date  is  wanting  in  this  account.  I  cannot 
trace  the  publication  alluded  to.  Under  the  cir- 
cumstances I  have  recourse  to  your  columns,  in 
the  hope  of  obtaining  from  Mr.  Tymms  or  from 
some  other  quarter  more  definite  and  precise  in- 
formation respecting  John  Bristow  and  his  book. 

S.  Y.  K. 

BRITISH  GALLERY  AND  BRITISH  INSTITUTION. — 

I  possess  a  landscape  thus  inscribed  on  its  back  : 
"  Exhibited  at  the  British  Gallery,  1821."  I  want 
to  know  in  what  this  designation  differs  from  that 
of  the  British  Institution  (so  called  at  present), 
where  are  exhibited  the  works  of  the  ancient 
masters,  in  Pall  Mall  ?  L.  F.  N. 

CURIOUS  ESSEX  SAYING.  —  They  say  in  this 
county  "Every  dog  has  his  day,  and  a  cat  has  two 
Sundays."  The  former  half  of  the  proverb  in  some 
form  or  other  may  be  said  to  be  cosmopolitan,  but 
what  can  the  latter  half  mean?  Does  it  allude  to 
the  supposed  tenacity  of  life  of  the  feline  race,  or 
is  there  any  special  folk  lore  attached  to  it  ? 

A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

To  COMPETE. — Can  any  correspondent  favour 
me  with  the  earliest  recognition,  in  an  English 
work,  of  this  verb  ?  In  reading  an  old  smoke- 

[*  For  several'  articles  on  this  subject  see  "  N  &  O  " 
!•*  S.  vi.  129,  231 ;  vii.  25;  x.  5l3.-Ei>.] 


dried  Scotch  book,  Guthrie's  Great  Interest,  Glas- 
gow, 1736,  I  find  the  verb,  and  I  find  Jamieson 
has  no  other  authority  than  the  passage  in  which 
I  found  it  independently.  He  mentions  that  the 
verb  has  no  existence  in  English.  It  is  not  in 
Walker's  Dictionary,  1831.  J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

EARLDOM  or  DUNBAR.  —  Can  any  of  your 
readers  inform  me  whether  anything  more  than 
may  be  read  in  Douglas's  Peerage,  is  known  re- 
specting this  earldom  having  been  claimed  or  as- 
sumed after  the  death  of  George  Home,  or  Hume, 
created  Earl  of  Dunbar  in  1605?  A  "Lord 
D unbar  "  is  mentioned  in  a  paper  now  before  me, 
dated  Feb.  2,  1613-14:  who  was  he?  George, 
Earl  of  Dunbar,  died  in  January,  1610-11. 

JOHN  BRUCE. 

5,  Upper  Gloucester  Street,  Dorset  Square. 

ELMA,   A  NEW  FEMALE  CHRISTIAN   NAME.  — 

The  late  much-lamented  Earl  of  Elgin  and  Kin- 
cardine has  left  an  only  surviving  daughter  by 
his  first  wife  Elizabeth-Mary,  only  child  of  Charles 
Lennox  Cumming-Bruce,  Esq.  Her  name  is  Lady 
Elina  Bruce.  This  name  of  Elina  is  one  I  never 
saw  before.  Is  it  a  composition  from  the  first 
syllables  of  her  mother's  two  names — Elizabeth 
and  Mary  ?  J.  G.  N". 

FREEMASONS. — I  have  lately  found  an  allusion 
to  the  craft  in  a  place  where  it  would  be  least 
expected.  In  the  edition  of  the  letters  and  pane- 
gyric of  Pliny  the  younger,  published  at  Leipsic 
in  1805,  with  notes  by  Gesner  and  others,  I  find 
the  following  passage  in  a  note  of  Gesner :  — 

"  Novimus,  quid  nuper  de  Collegii  Fabrum  Liberalium 
Britannici  coloniis  per  Franciam  et  Italiam  metuerint 
quidam  principes." — P.  528. 

Perhaps  some  member  of  the  craft  will  elucidate 
this  historical  allusion  of  the  German  annotator. 

H.  C.  C. 

GAINSBOROUGH  PRAYER-BOOK.  —  Is  anything 
known  of  the  editor  of  an  edition  of  the  Common 
Prayer  Book,  with  notes,  and  "  ornamented  with 
a  set  of  elegant  copper  plates ; "  bearing  the  im- 
print, "  Gainsborough :  Printed  by  J.  Mozley, 
MDCCLXXVIII  ?  "  The  volume  is  octavo,  and  con- 
tains the  Common  Prayer ;  the  New  Week's  Pre- 
paration ;  a  Manual  of  Private  Devotions ;  and 
Brady  and  Tate's  Psalms.  The  plates  are  original 
enough,  and  are  all  inscribed  " Gurnill,  Sculpt" 
The  book  is  curious  as  an  edition  of  the  Prayer 
Book,  and  as  a  specimen  of  the  Lincolnshire  press. 
Probably,  with  a  view  to  escape  danger  from 
prosecution,  Mr.  Mozley  put  at  the  head  of  his 
title-page:  "The  Christian's  Universal  Compa- 
nion." B.  H.  C. 

HACCOMBE  AND  ITS  PRIVILEGES.  —  Prince,  in 
his  Worthies  of  Devon,  under  "  Thomas  Carew," 
speaking  of  Haccombe,  says  — 


98 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3**  S.  V.  JAN.  30,  '64. 


"  It  Is,  as  to  the  number  of  dwellings,  the  smallest 
parish  in  England ;  consisting  but  of  two  dwellings,  the 
mansion-house  and  the  parsonage ;  but  it  enjoys  privileges 
bevond  the  greatest.  For  it  is  out  of  any  hundred,  and 
beyond  the  precincts  of  any  officer,  civil  or  military,  to 
take  cognizance  of  any  proceeding  therein.  And  by 
royal  grant  from  the  crown,  it  is  exempted  from  all  duties 
and  taxes,  for  some  noble  service  done  by  some  of  the 
ancestors  of  this  family  [Carew],  towards  the  support 
thereof." 

What  were  the  services  rendered,  to  gain  for 
this  parish  such  extraordinary  privileges?  Mr. 
Maclean,  in  his  Life  and  Times  of  Sir  Peter  Carew, 
reproduces  in  a  note  this  account  from  Prince,  but 
offers  no  explanation.  It  is  also  given  in  Gorton 
and  other  topographical  dictionaries.  It  appears 
from  the  Carew  pedigree  given  by  Mr.  Maclean, 
that  the  founder  of  the  Haccombe  branch  was 
Nicholas  Carew,  who  lived  in  the  middle  of  the 
fifteenth  century ;  it  is  therefore  to  be  presumed 
that  the  services  in  question  were  rendered  by 
him,  or  at  a  subsequent  period.  I  have  not  been 
able  to  find  a  notice  of  any  grant  of  the  kind  in 
Rymer,  but  the  Index  to  that  work  is  very  faulty. 

Prince  further  says  that  the  Rector  of  Hac- 
combe "'tis  said,"  may  claim  the  privilege  of 
wearing  lawn  sleeves,  and  of  sitting  next  the 
bishop ;  and  is  under  the  visitation  only  of  the 
archbishop  of  Canterbury :  a  kind  of  chorepi- 
scopus.  Lysons,  however  (Hi?t.  ofDevoit),  denies 
that  the  rector  has  any  such  privileges.*  E.  V. 

THE  HAIGHT  FAMILY.  —  I  would  feel  truly 
obliged  for  any  facts  regarding  the  locality  and 
genealogy  of  the  Haight  family  which  any  of 
your  correspondents  may  be  able  and  willing  to 
communicate.  I  believe  its  origin  is  undoubtedly 
English,  and  the  limited  information  I  now  have, 
tends  to  show  that  one  branch  of  it,  at  least, 
settled  in  this  country  some  little  time  prior  to 
the  middle  of  the  last  century,  at  Rye,  West- 
chester  County,  N.  Y.  Perhaps  your  corre- 

rndent,  A,  who  so  kindly  furnished  important 
ts  respecting  the  Tylee   family,   may  possess 
and  be  willing  also  to  impart  information  touching 
this  inquiry.  D.  K.  N. 

New  York. 

IREJUSUS  QUOTED.— 

"  Irenaeug  ascribes  to  the  personifications  and  suspension 
of  the  powers  of  nature  by  the  evil  spirits,  the  apparition 
of  Castor  and  Pollux,  the  water  carried  in  a  sieve,  the 
ship  towed  by  a  lady's  hand,  and  the  black  beard  which 
became  red  at  a  touch."  —  A  Letter  to  Dr.  Gortin.  by 
Thomas  Severn,  B.D.,  London,  1759,  p.  22. 

The  author  quotes  abundantly,  but  seldom  by 
chapter  or  page.  I  have  found  him  accurate  in 
those  quotations  which  I  could  trace.  I  cannot 
find  the  above,  and  shall  be  obliged  by  being  told 
where  it  is,  or  where  the  delusions  are  mentioned. 

C.  T.  H. 


[*  These  privileges  are  noticed  in  our  1*  S.  ix.  185.— 
ED.] 


THOMAS  LEE  OF  DARNHALL,  co.  CHESHIRE.  — 

According  to  the  pedigree  of  the  Lee  family  given 
in  Ormerod's  History  of  Cheshire,  vol.  i.  p.  466, 
Thomas  Lee  of  Darnhall  married  Frances,  daugh- 
ter and  coheiress  of  R.  N.  Venables,  of  Antrobus 
and  Wincham.  The  issue  of  this  marriage  was  Na- 
thaniel, born  1655  ;  Thomas,  born  1661  ;  Robert, 
born  1664;  John,  and  Elizabeth.  Ormerod  says 
nothing  of  this  marriage  or  issue  of  the  Thomas 
Lee  born  in  1661.  In  a  pedigree  I  have  seen,  he 
is  said  to  have  married  Jane,  daughter  of  Thomas 
Davis,  Esq.  of  Corby  Park,  Northamptonshire. 
Can  any  of  your  correspondents  give  me  any  in- 
formation on  this  point  ?  D.  S.  E. 

LEPEL. — I  should  be  obliged  by  any  information 
on  the  following  points  relating  to  Brigadier- 
General  Nicholas  Lepel,  father  of  the  celebrated 
Mary  Lepel,  who  was  married  in  1720  to  Lord 
Hervey :  1.  When  did  he  enter  the  army?  2. 
What  were  his  arms  ?  3.  What  the  date  of  his 
death  ?  4.  What  is  the  name  of  his  father  ? 

FUSILIER. 

COL.  JAMES  LOWTHER.  —  Col.  James  Lowther, 
who  was  M.P.  for  Westmoreland,  died  at  Caen,  in 
France,  in  1837.  Can  any  of  your  readers  state 
the  day  and  month  ?  Also,  the  date  of  his  birth 
and  marriage  ?  F.  R.  A. 

WM.  RUSSELL  M'DONALD.  —  This  gentleman, 
who  died  Dec.  30,  1854,  is  noticed  in  the  obituary 
of  the  Gent.  Mag.  Feb.  1855,  as  editor  or  pro- 
prietor of  a  work  called  The  Literary  Humourist. 
What  is  the  date  of  this  publication  ?  Was  it  a 


magazine 


R.I. 


SIR  WM.  POLE'S  CHARTERS.  —  Can  any  reader 
of  "  N.  &  Q."  inform  me  where  is  to  be  seen  a 
copy  of  Sir  William  Pole's  (the  celebrated  Devon- 
shire antiquary)  "  great  volume  of  MS.  Charters," 
"  as  big,"  as  he  says  himself,  "  as  a  church  Bible  ?" 
I  do  not  at  present  recollect  to  have  seen  it 
quoted  in  any  work  later  than  Collins's  Peerage 
of  England,  by  Brydges,  published  in  1812. 

KAPPA. 

POOH  COCK  ROBIN'S  DEATH.  —  Is  it  a  fact  that 
in  a  church,  the  name  of  which  I  forget,  about 
twenty  miles  from  Stamford,  there  is  a  colored 
glass  window  containing  a  representation  of  the 
death  of  poor  Cock  Robin  ?  If  so,  could  you  or 
any  of  your  readers  tell  me  the  name  of  the 
church?  And  are  there  supposed  to  be  any 
similar  instances  ?  W.  P.  P. 

"  Li  SETTE  SALMI." — Under  this  title  I  have  a 
metrical  version  of  the  Seven  Penitential  Psalms, 
in  MS.  It  comprises  118  verses  of  eight  lines 
each ;  one  verse  to  a  page,  with  the  Latin  text 
above.  The  seven  psalms  are  followed  by  fifteen 
lines,  which  I  give  below  for  the  sake  of  the  inter- 
weaving of  the  Latin  lines.  Book-worms  have 


3*  S.  V.  JAN.  80,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEBIES, 


almost  destroyed  this  pious  effort,  and  yet  nearly 
all  of  it  can  be  read.  Unhappily,  the  enemy  ha 
devoured  the  more  important  portion  of  th 
author's  name :  "  Can.  Jacopo  — nt — ."  I  shouh 
be  gratified  to  ascertain  this  author's  name.  Th 
first  line  of  the  sixth  psalm  is  — 

"  Signer*  che  uedi  i  miei  pensieri  aperti." 

"  TERZETTA  D'UN  PECCATOR  CONUERTITO.* 

"  Ecco  che  la  mia  morte  s'  auicina, 

E  di  molti  peccati  ho  colmo  il  petto, 
Domine  ad  adiuuandu  me  festina. 

"  Hor  tempo  e  ch'  io  pianga  il  mio  difetto, 
E  spieghi  auanti  h  te  le  mie  querele, 
Vt  passer  solitarius  in  tecto. 

"  Sempre  fui  peccator  fero,  e  crudele, 

Mil  sol  per  tua  bonta  Signor  ti  pregho, 
Omnes  iniquitates  meas  dele. 

"  Auanti  h  te  le  mie  genocchia  piegho, 
E  in  te  sol  la  mia  salute  pende, 
Quia  unicus,  et  pauper  sum  ego.       , 

"  Dhe  fa  ch'  io  scampi  quelle  pene  horrende, 
Ghe  nel  inferno  si  paton  si  graui, 
£>eus  in  adiutoriu  meu  intende." 

B.  H.  C. 

STAMP  DUTY  ON  PAINTERS'  CANVASS. — Various 
conflicting  statements  have  been  volunteered  as 
to  the  exact  date  at  which  a  stamp  duty  was 
imposed  by  the  government  of  the  day  on  the 
canvasses  used  by  artists. 

The  Excise  mark  is  to  be  often  found  upon  the 
backs  of  pictures  of  the  period ;  and  upon  some 
said,  by  competent  judges,  to  have  been  painted 
by  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds  t  about  the  years  1780, 
1781,  1782. 

The  mark  is  of  this  character :  — 


374 

83     ,,;,! 

mim 

G.  R.  (double  cypher,  reversed.) 
J.  J.  0. 

It  is  important  to  establish  the  above  fact  be- 
yond controversy,  as  the  genuineness  and  origi- 
nality, and  thus  the  great  money  value,  or 
otherwise,  of  various  pictures  said  to  be  by 
.Thomas  Gainsboroughf  and  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds, 
lepend  uponjixingof  the  date  (by  official  refer- 
ence) on  which  this  duty  mark  was  first  stamped 
>n  canvasses  :  as  well  as  when  the  same  mark 
leased  to  be  impressed  thereon  on  the  repeal  of 
;he  duty.  It  is  by  some  alleged  to  have  been 
irst  imposed  during  the  American  war,  which 
jegan  in  1775,  and  terminated  during  the  Pitt 
dmmistration  in  1783;  but  the  Excise  duty  is 

*  The  spelling  is  carefully  copied. 
Sir  Joshua  Reynolds  died  Feb.  23,  1792. 
Thomas  Gainsborough  died  August  2,  1788. 


said  to  have  remained  unrepealed  till  long  after- 
wards. 

The  proprietors  of  theatres  also  are  said  to 
have  loudly  complained,  during  its  imposition,  of 
the  oppressiveness  of  this  tax  ;  from  the  great 
expense  added  thereby  to  the  canvasses  used  for 
scenery. 

The  recital  of  the  Acts*  of  Parliament  —  both 
imposing  and  repealing  this  duty — would  be  im- 
portant, as  placing  the  question  beyond  dispute. 

It  is  desired  to  know,  decisively,  at  what  date 
a  duty  was  first  imposed  by  the  government  of 
Great  Britain  on  the  canvasses  used  by  artists  ? 
And  also,  the  date  of  repeal  of  said  duty  ? 

L.  F.  JST. 

MB.  THACKERAY'S  LITERARY  JOURNAL.  —  It  is 

stated  in  the  Edinburgh  Review  (1848),  that  Mr. 
Thackeray  started  and  edited  a  weekly  critical 
journal.  Can  any  reader  tell  me  the  title  of  the 
journal  referred  to?  The  statement  has  lately- 
been  repeated  in  several  quarters — the  old  Par- 
thenon  being  named  by  Mr.  Hannay  ;  but  I  think 
a  very  slight  perusal  of  the  Parthenon  would  con- 
vince any  one  that  Mr.  Thackeray's  hand  was  not 
there.  T. 

COLONEL  ROBERT  VENABLES.  —  This  officer, 
author  of  The  Experienced  Angler,  served  in  the 
Parliamentary  army,  and  was  Governor  of  Chester 
in  1644.  In  1649,  he  was  Commander-in-Chief 
of  the  forces  in  Ulster,  and  Governor  of  Belfast, 
Antrim,  and  Lisnegarvey.  In  1 654  he,  with  Ad- 
miral  Penn,  was  joint  commander  of  the  expedi- 
tion sent  by  Cromwell  against  Hispaniola ;  and 
on  their  return,  in  the  following  year,  both  com- 
manders were  committed  to  the  Tower.  Here  I 
ose  sight  of  Venables.  Any  other  information 
respecting  him  will  be  thankfully  received. 

In  the  Harleian  MSS.  there  is  a  paper,  partly 
n  the  handwriting  of  Colonel  Venables,  detailing 
;he  time  he  served  in  Cheshire,  and  the  amount 
of  pay  due  to  him  from  1643  to  1646.  A  similar 
record  of  his  services  in  Ireland,  if  it  could  be 
obtained,  would  be  of  great  value  and  interest. 

The  notices  of  Venables  in  the  Civil  War  tracts, 
NTickolls's  State   Papers,   and  the  reprint  of  his 
Experienced  Angler,  are  known  to  the  inquirer, 
n  the  last  work,  there  is  a  curious  typographical 
error.      Speaking  of  fish  rising  to  the  artificial 
[y,  the  author  is  represented  to  say :  "  and  they 
will  bite  also  near  Tom  Shane's  Castle,  Mountjoy, 
Antrim,    &c.,    even   to    admiration."      Who   was 
Shane,  or  where  was  his  castle  ?  one,  who 
mew  the  district  referred  to,  would  be  inclined 
o  inquire — if  he  did  not  at   once  see  that  the 
words  should  be — "  near  Toome,  Shane's  Castle, 
Mountjoy,  Antrim,  &c." 


*  The  information  might  possibly  be  obtained  by  a 
eference  to  some  of  the  Stamp  Acte, 


100 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  JAN.  80,  '64. 


Venables  must  have  left  much  curious  docu- 
mentary matter  behind  him  ;  and  it  is  with  the 
hopes  of  discovering  some  of  it,  if  still  in  exist- 
ence, that  this  query  is  penned. 

What  was  the  connexion  between  Venables  and 
Isaac  Walton?  The  latter  says  that  he  never 
saw  the  face  of  the  former,  and  yet  he  wrote  a 
commendatory  address  for  the  Experienced 
Angler.  W.  PJNKERTON. 

MR.  WISE. — Warton,  in  a  letter  written  in  1790, 
mentions  "  Mr.  Wise,  the  librarian."  I  should  be 
glad  if  any  of  your  readers  could  kindly  tell  me 
who  this  Mr.  Wise  was,  and  what  was  the  destin- 
ation of  his  papers  ?  J.  O.  HALLIWELL. 

West  Brompton. 

WORDS  DERIVED  FROM  "  JEvuM." —  Will  you 
permit  me  to  ask  which  is  the  correct  way  to  spell 
words  derived  from  the  Latin  avurn;  whether 
coeval,  primeval,  and  medieval,  or  with  a  dipth- 
thong  ?  There  is  the  authority  of  good  authors 
for  both?  P. 


ROYAL  ARMS. — 1.  Do  princesses,  daughters  of 
the  sovereign,  wear  coronets  similar  to  those  worn 
by  the  younger  sons  of  the  sovereign  ?  and  is  that 
of  the  Princess  Royal  different  from  those  of  her 
sisters  ? 

2.  When  is  the  label  of  5  points  used  to  dif- 
ference the  royal  arms  ?   Should  it  be  used  in  the 
case  of  the  present  Duke  of  Cambridge  and  his 
sisters  ? 

3.  Should  the  arms  of  a  Royal  Duke  be  im- 
paled with  those  of  his  wife  ?  and  if  so,  the  Duke 
being  a  Knight  of  the  Garter,  should  the  Garter 
encircle  the  escutcheon  ? 

4.  In  emblazoning  the  arms  of  her  Majesty  and 
the  late  Prince   Consort,   would  it  be   right  to 
make  use  of  two  shields,  —  one  with  the  Queen's 
arms,  and  the  other  with  the  Prince's  ?  and  should 
each  shield  have  separate  supporters,  and  be  in 
fact  in  every  way  separate  from  the  other  ? 

H.F. 

[Answers  to  such  professional  and  technical  queries 
can  hardly  be  expected  from  the  general  readers  of  this 
work.  Its  pages  would  be  outrun  speedily  by  such 
questions.  We  have  endeavoured  to  procure  a  satisfac- 
tory answer  in  this  case. 

1.  The  coronets  of  the  Princesses,  including  the  Prin- 
cess Royal,  are  exactly  similar  to  those>of  the  brothers. 

2.  The  label  of  5  points  has  been  used  to  difference  the 
arms  in  the  cases  of  grandchildren  and  nephews  of  the 
Sovereign ;  but  it  does  not  follow  as  a  rule  that  the  label 
of  5  points  should  be  used.    The  Duke  of  Cambridge 
uses  the  label  of  3  points  granted  to  his  father. 

3.  If  the  Royal  Duke  be  a  Knight  of  the  Garter,  the 
arms  of  himself  and  wife  should  be  on  separate  shields, 
his  own  being  surrounded  by  the  Garter. 


4.  In  emblazoning  the  arms  of  the  Queen  and  her  late 
Consort,  two  shields  with  separate  supporters,  crowns, 
&c.,  must  be  used  under  the  same  mantle  (if  mantle  be 
included).  In  the  case  of  a  Princess  of  Wales,  her  arms 
would  only  be  put  in  a  separate  shield  by  the  side  of  her 
husband's ;  her  coronet  would  be  that  of  her  husband. 
See  answer  3.] 

BACON  QUERIES.  —  Lord  Bacon  heads  the  lega- 
cies to  his  friends  by  one  of  "  my  books  of  orisons 
or  psalms  curiously  rhymed,"  to  the  Marquis 
Fiat,  late  Lord  Ambassador  of  France. 

Was  this  a  MS.  or  some  early  copy  in  English 
or  French  ?  Was  it  Marot's  ? 

The  great  chancellor  also  orders  the  sale  of  his 
chambers  in  Gray's  Inn,  calculating  the  produce 
of  the  ground  floor,  with  the  third  and  fourth 
floors,  at  300Z.  as  a  small  relief  to  twenty-five 
poor  scholars  of  the  two  universities. 

Is  the  situation  of  those  chambers  now  known, 
and  is  the  tree  that  went  by  the  name  of  this  great 
philosopher  and  lawyer  still  standing  ?  If  so,  at 
what  part  of  the  gardens  ?  J.  A.  G. 

[The  book  of  "orisons  or  psalms "  was  doubtless  his 
own  production,  entitled  Certaine  Psalmes  in  Verse,  by 
Francis  Lord  Verulam.  Lond.  1625,  4to.  Dr.  Cotton 
mentions  two  editions  of  this  work,  one  for  "  Street  and 
Whitaker,"  the  other  for  "  Hannah  Barrett  and  R.  Whit- 
aker."  The  Psalms  are,  i.  xii.  xc.  civ.  cxxvi.  cxxxvii. 
cxlix.  Walton,  in  his  Life  of  George  Herbert,  informs 
us,  that  "  Sir  Francis  Bacon  put  such  a  value  on  Mr. 
Herbert's  judgment,  that  he  usually  desired  his  appro- 
bation, before  he  would  expose  any  of  his  books  to  be 
printed ;  and  thought  him  so  worthy  of  his  friendship, 
that  having  translated  many  of  the  prophet  David's 
Psalms  into  English  verse,  he  made  George  Herbert  his 
patron,  by  a  public  Dedication  of  them  to  him,  as  the 
best  judge  of  Divine  poetry." 

Lord  Bacon's  chambers  were  in  Coney  Court,  looking 
over  the  gardens  towards  St.  Pancras  church  and  High- 
gate  Hill ;  the  site  is  that  of  No.  1,  Gray's  Inn  Square, 
first  floor.  The  house  was  burnt  Feb.  17, 1679,  with  sixty 
other  chambers.  (Historian's  Guide,  3rd  edit.  1688.)  The 
trees  said  to  have  been  planted  by  Lord  Bacon  in  Gray's 
Inn  Gardens  are  probably  destroyed ;  at  any  rate,  "  none 
now  exist  coeval  with  his  time."  Cunningham's  Hand- 
Booh  of  London,  ed.  1850,  p.  209.] 

"  HERMIPPUS  REDIVIVUS  ;  OR,  THE  SAGE'S 
TRIUMPH  OVER  OLD  AGE  AND  THE  GRAVE."  —  In 
Bohn's  edition  of  Lowndes,  this  book  appears 
under  the  heading  of  Cohausen,  John  Henry.  In 
brackets  is  added  ("  translated  by  Dr.  John  Camp- 
bell"). A  quotation  from  Dr.  Johnson  is  ap- 
pended, and  a  reference  to  the  Retrospective 
Review. 

The  writer  in  the  Retrospective  Review  (vii.  76) 
begins  his  account  of  the  book  thus  :  — 

"  The  author  of  Hermippus  Eedivivus  was  John  Henry 
Cohausen,  a  German  physician,  who  did  not  quite  make 


3'd  S.  V.  JAN.  30,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


101 


good  his  own  theory,  but  died  in  a  sort  of  nonage,  when 
he  was  only  eighty-five  years  of  age.  His  book  was 
translated  into  English  by  Dr.  John  Campbell,  and  has 
always  been  considered  curious,  as  giving  a  summary  of 
the  many  facts  and  opinions  which  have  been  published 
respecting  this  very  interesting  subject,"  &c. 

D'Israeli,  in  his  Curiosities  of  Literature,  under 
the  head  of  "  Literary  Blunders,"  writes  of  this 
book  as  follows  :  — 

"  But  the  most  singular  blunder  was  produced  by  the 
ingenious  Hermippus  Redivivus  of  Dr.  Campbell,  a  curious 
banter  on  the  hermetic  philosophy,  and  the  universal 
medicine ;  but  the  grave  irony  is  so  closely  kept  up,  that 
it  deceived  for  a  length  of  time  the  most  learned.  His 
notion  of  the  art  of  prolonging  life,  by  inhaling  the  breath 
of  young  women,  was  eagerly  credited.  A  physician, 
who  himself  had  composed  a  treatise  on  health,  was  so 
influenced  by  it,  that  he  actually  took  lodgings  at  a 
female  boarding  school,  that  he  might  never  be  without 
a  constant  supply  of  the  breath  of  young  ladies.  Mr. 
Thicknesse  seriously  adopted  the  project.  Dr.  Kippis 
acknowledged  that,  after  he  had  read  the  work  in  his 
youth,  the  reasonings  and  the  facts  left  him  several  days 
in  a  kind  of  fairy-land.  I  have  a  copy,  with  manuscript 
notes  by  a  learned  physician,  who  seems  to  have  had  no 
doubts  of  its  veracity.  After  all,  the  intention  of  the 
work  was  long  doubtful;  till  Dr.  Campbell  assured  a 
friend  it  was  a  mere  Jew  d'esprit,"  &c.,  &c. 

JOHN  ADDIS. 

Rustington. 

[The  person  whom  Dr.  Campbell  meant  to  represent 
under  the  character  of  Hermippus  Redivivus  was  Mr. 
Calverley,  a  celebrated  dancing-master,  whose  sister  for 
many  years  kept  a  school  in  Queen's  Square,  London, 
where  likewise  he  himself  lived.  A  picture  of  him  in  the 
dancing-school  was  formerly  there,  drawn  at  the  great  age 
of  ninety-one,  May  28, 1784.  Vide  "  N.  &  Q."  1»»  S.  xii. 
255;  2n'dS.  ix.  180.] 

MAIDEN  CASTLE. — I  wish  to  know  the  deriva- 
tion of  the  name  Maiden  Castle,  which  is  applied 
to  an  ancient  earthwork  situated  on  an  elevated 
plain  between  Dorchester  and  the  sea-coast,  and 
which  appellation  I  believe  attaches  to  several 
other  similar  camps  or  fortresses  in  England. 

Mldan  is  a  word  belonging  to  the  Indo-Euro- 
pean, or  Aryan,  class  of  languages,  and  means  a 
plain.  It  is  possible  that  the  same  word  with  the 
same  meaning  may  have  been  employed  by  the 
early  inhabitants  of  that  part  of  Britain  whose 
ancestors  were  Aryans.  Were  such  the  case, 
Maiden  Castle,  or  Mldan  Castle,' would  be  synony- 
mous with  the  Castle  on  the  Plain.  H.  C. 

[Maiden  Castle  is  one  of  the  largest  and  most  complete 
Eoman  camps  in  the  west  of  England.  Some  derive  the 
word  Maiden  from  the  British  Mad,  fair  or  beautiful 
(whence  the  Saxon  word  Maid  or  Maiden),  and  thence 
conclude  that  fortifications  so  called  were  deemed  im- 
pregnable. Mr.  Baxter's  derivation  (Gloss,  voce  Dunium) 
is  more  probable,  who  deduced  it  from  the  British  Mai 
Dun,  the  Castle  of  the  great  hill :  in  his  opinion,  it  is  the 
Dunium  of  Ptolemy,  the  capital  of  the  Durotriges.  Cam- 
den  changes  this  into  Durnium  to  make  it  correspond 


with  Durnovaria.  Baxter  calls  Dunium  "  Arx  in  excels o 
monte  posita  ad  mille  fere  passuum  a  Durnovaria,"  now 
Maiden  Castle,  q.  d.  Mai  dun,  or  the  great  hill,  or  hill  of 
the  citadel  or  burgh.  Vide  Hutchins's  Dorsetshire,  ii. 
171.] 

HORSES  FIRST  SHOD  WITH  IRON.  —  Can  any  of 
your  readers  inform  me  when  horses  were  first 
shod  with  iron?  I  have  just  had  brought  me  a 
stone  about  five  inches  over,  on  which  is  plainly 
impressed  the  mark  of  a  pony's  or  mule's  shoe.  It 
was  found  near  the  scythe-stone  pits  on  the  Black- 
borough  Hills,  between  Honiton  and  Cullompton. . 
HENRY  MATTHEWS. 

[Beckmann  (History  of  Inventions,  i.  442—454,  ed. 
1846)  has  a  valuable  article  on  the  history  of  horse-shoes 
from  the  most  remote  period.  Their  early  use  in  England 
is  thus  noticed  by  him :  "  Daniel,  the  historian,  seems  to 
give  us  to  understand  that  in  the  ninth  century  horses 
were  not  shod  always,  but  only  in  the  time  of  frost,  and 
on  other  particular  occasions.  The  practice  of  shoeing 
appears  to  have  been  introduced  into  England  by  Wil- 
liam the  Conqueror.  We  are  informed  that  this  sovereign 
gave  the  city  of  Northampton  as  a  fief  to  a  certain  person, 
in  consideration  of  his  paying  a  stated  sum  yearly  for  the 
shoeing  of  horses;  and  it  is  believed  that  Henry  de 
Ferres  or  De  Ferrers,  who  came  over  with  William,  and 
whose  descendants  still  bear  in  their  arms  six  horse- 
shoes, received  that  surname  because  he  was  entrusted 
with  the  inspection  of  the  farriers.  I  shall  here  observe, 
that  horse-shoes  have  been  found,  with  other  riding  fur- 
niture, in  the  graves  of  some  of  the  old  Germans  and 
Vandals  in  the  northern  countries ;  but  the  antiquity  of 
them  cannot  be  ascertained."] 

BISHOP  OF  SALISBURY.  —  Who  was  John, 
Bishop  of  Salisbury  in  A.D.  1661  ?  In  Cardwell's 
Synodalia  (sub  anno  1661)  p.  683,  xxxi.  Sessio 
cxxv.,  I  find,  "  Introducto  libro  precum  in  La- 
tina  concept',  relatum  fuit  curae  et  revision!  re- 
verendi  in  Xto  patris  Johannis  permissione  divina 
Sarum  episcopi."  Brian  Duppa  was  Bishop  from 
1641  to  1660,  and  Humphrey  Henchman  from 
1660  to  1663  ;  John  Earle,  1663  to  1665. 

M.  N. 

[The  Convocation  summoned  by  Archbishop  Juxon  on 
May  8,  1661,  continued  its  sittings  until  Sept  26,  1666. 
Session  125  was  holden  on  the  18th  of  May,  1663,  at 
which  time  John  Earle  was  Bishop  of  Salisbury,  having 
been  recently  translated  from  Worcester  to  Sarum.]  ; 


MUTILATION  OF  SEPULCHRAL  MONUMENTS. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  286,  363,  420,  457  ;  v.  21.)  vi  ^ 
I  have  read  with  much  interest  the  communica- 
tion from  your  correspondent  upon  this  subject. 
The  matter  is  one  well  deserving  the  most  careful 


102 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


S.  V.  JAN.  30,  '64. 


attention  of  all  who   are  engaged  either  in  the 
enlargement,  or  restoration  of  our  churches  ;  for 
it  is  while  carrying  on  these  works,  that  the  de- 
struction of  ancient  memorials  is  generally  per- 
petrated; but  it  is  extremely  difficult  to  know 
what  is  to  be  done  in  some  cases  where  really,  if 
monumental  absurdities  are  to  be  left  untouched, 
there  must  be  an  end  either  to  tjie  enlargement 
of  churches  to  meet  the  spiritual  wants  of  an  in 
creasing  population,  or  of  such  improvements  as 
good  taste  would  dictate  in  the  restoration   of 
fine  architectural  features  wantonly  cut  away  to 
make  room  for  ridiculous  and  costly  monuments 
encumbered  with  weeping  cupids,  heathen  urns, 
lamps,  festoons,  and  other  inappropriate  devices — 
mostly  ill  chosen,  and  badly  executed.     As  far, 
therefore,   as   these   mistaken    designs   are   con- 
cerned, I  can  see  no  reason  why  they  may  not  be 
removed  (with  pfoper  sanction),  when  they  inter- 
fere with  church  extension ;  but  whenever  this 
becomes   necessary,   the  utmost  care  should   be 
taken  to  preserve   the  inscriptions.     Frequently 
it  happens  that  the  obituary  occupies  a  very  small 
part  of  a  gigantic  monument ;  surely  the  refixing 
of  these   small  tablets,    without  their   offensive 
framework,  would  be  sufficient.      In  regard   to 
brasses  upon  the  floor,  incised   inscriptions  and 
effigies  on  stone  slabs,  &<$.,  it  would  really  be  well 
that  these  should  neither   be  hid   or  materially 
altered  in  their   positions,  excepting  under   the 
most  cogent  circumstances;  and  then  a  regular 
entry  of  the  fact  should  be  made  in  the  parish 
book.     It  frequently  happens  that,  from  exces- 
sive dampness,  there  is  a  necessity  for  raising  the 
church  floor,  and  sometimes  in  the  re-arrangement 
of  seating,  parts  of  the  floor  formerly  seen  be- 
come concealed ;    and   others,  hitherto   hid,   are 
brought  to  view.      Whenever    this   occurs,   the 
altered  state  of  things  should  be  duly  noted,  and 
this  seems  all  that  can  be  done  under  the  circum- 
stances.    Few  will  deny  that  there  is  much  more 
beauty  in  well  arranged  encaustic  tiles  than  in 
damp  and  broken  grave  slabs  ;  but  if  this  advan- 
tage is  to  be  only  gained  by  destroying  memorials 
of  well-known  ancient  families,  it  is  certainly  bet- 
ter to  forego  artistic  feeling  than  to  annihilate 
the  records.     Colour  appears   to  be  one  of  the 
inducements  for  substituting  tiles  for  stone  ;  and, 
no  doubt,  the  flooring  of  a  church  may  be   as 
much  an  object  of  design  and  skill  as  any  other 
part,   but  colour  is   not   essential.      Perhaps   no 
floor  is  more  beautiful  than  that  of  the  Cathedral 
of  Sienna,  wholly  devoid  of  colour,  yet  rendered 
exquisite   by  its   numerous   incised   effigies   and 
other  devices.     It  is  rarely,  however,  that  such 
floors   are  to   be   met  with.     However,  whether 
plain  or  enriched,  I  feel  the  force  of  your  cor- 
respondent's   observations;    and    hope    that    his 
remonstrance   will    induce    those   who    are    the 
authorised  guardians  of  our  churches  to  be  a  little 


more  careful  when  meddling  with  monumental 
inscriptions.  And  here  I  may  add,  that  feeling 
the  importance  of  this  and  kindred  subjects,  a 
standing  Committee  has  been  appointed  by  the 
Eoyal  Institute  of  British  Architects  "  for  the 
conservation  of  ancient  buildings  and  monuments;'* 
and  that  the  members  will  always  be  ready  to  aid 
those  who  are  altering  or  adding  to  old  structures, 
in  resisting  wanton  and  unnecessary  spoliation. 
BBNJ.  FERRET,  F.S.A. 


PSALM  XC.  9. 

(3rd  S.  v.  57.) 

"  We  bring  our  years  to  an  end  like  a  tale  [that 
is  told]  "  is  not  quite  correct  as  to  the  last  word, 
tale;  and  the  Greek  and  Latin  versions  are  de- 
cidedly wrong  in  translating  njn  (=€7e  in  pronun- 
ciation), spider.  According  to  Calasius,  this  word 
occurs  thirty-eight  times  in  the  O.  T.  The  errors 
of  Wycliffe  and  De  Sacy  arise  from  copying  the 
Septuagint  and  Vulgate.  This  is  remarkable  in 
De  Sacy,  who  was  a  Jew,  or  of  Jewish  extraction, 
and  who  altered  his  name,  Isaac,  by  anagram,  to 
De  Sacy.  The  word  HJH  (hege)  has  the  same 


meaning  as 


(hego)    in   Syriac,    and 


(haju)  in  Arabic,  namely,  meditation,  and  the  re- 
sult of  meditation.  This  meaning  is  very  clear 
from  Psalm  i.  2  :  "  And  in  thy  law  will  I  meditate 
day  and  night " ;  also  from  Psalm  ii.  1  :  "  The 
people  imagine  vain  things."  The  word  was  used 
first  by  Joshua  (i.  8),  and  is  not  found  in  the  Pen- 
tateuch, although  the  ninetieth  Psalm  is  attributed 
to  Moses.  See  Gesenius.  Mendelssohn  has  ein 
geschwdtz,  a  chattering ;  De  Wette,  ein  laut,  a 
sound.  Others  translate  it,  a  breath,  a  sigh,  a 
thought.  A  Spanish  Jew,  who  spoke  Arabic, 
once  told  me  that  fljij  meant  any  thought  that 
arose  in  the  mind.  In  Arabic  it  means  to  com- 
ose  a  poem,  and  in  that  language,  as  well  as  in 
lyriac,  it  means  to  divide  a  word  into  syllables,  as 
an  effort  of  thought.  From  the  same  root  the 
Chaldee  derives  its  words  for  rhetoric  and  logic. 
The  proper  and  only  known  Hebrew  word  for 
spider  is  BO3K,  accavish,  as  Mr.  Aldis  Wright 
states  in  Smith's  Bible  Diet.  (iii.  1370).  See 
Job,  viii.  14,  and  Isaiah,  lix.  5.  The  Arabic,  fol- 
lowing the  Syriac  version,  has  spider  in  Ps.  xc.  9, 

(goge)    in    error,    I    conceive,    for 
,  (hagogo),  a  phantom,  or  an  imagination 

,  ..  hagga,  being  also  a  phantasm  in  Hebi, 
which  is  the  sense  given  by  J.  D.  Michaelis 
Ps.  xc.  9.  (See  Eichhorn's  Heb.  Lex.,  i.  415.)  1^ 
nference  may  be  drawn  that  the  interpreter,  mis- 
taking the  Hebrew  word  for  the  Syriac  one  sig- 
nifying spider,  gave  that  as  the  meaning  to  the 

' 


3'd  S.  V.  JAN.  80,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


103 


Greek  amanuensis  of  the  LXX.     Similar  error 
of  hearing  occur  in  this  Greek  version.     In  Eich 
horn's  Repert.  (xviii.  137),  fvohler  quotes  Schu 
tens  on  this  word  (Prov.  xxv.  4),  "  ut  vaporem 
exsestuantem,"  but  attributes  to  Kimchi  a  bette 
sense,  who  says,  "  the  word  nan  denotes  speech 
which   comes   from   the   mouth ;    as    this   passe 
swiftly,  so  swiftly  fly  our  years."     In  such  wa 
also  do  Rashi  and  Aben  Ezra  explain  the  won 
and  so  Jerome  translates  "  ut  sermonem." 

T.  J.  BUCK-TOW. 

Lichfield. 

I  venture  to  send  you  some  further  remarks  — 
in  addition  to  your  own  —respecting  the  meaning 
of  the  latter  portion  of  Psalm  xc.  9 ;  Vulgate 
Psalm  Ixxxix. 

The  only  difficulty  arises  from  the  obscurity  o 
the  Hebrew  word  nan.      Professor  Lee,  in  hi 
Hebrew,  Chaldee,  and  English  Lexicon  (sub  voce) 
translates  it  as  meaning  a  murmur,  which  gradu 
ally  declines  and  fails.     Winer  renders  it  by  cogi 
tatio :  so   also  does   Gesenius   (Lexicon   Manuale 
Heb.  et  Chaldaicum).      Castell  (sub  vocei)   give 
several  meanings,  as,  sermo,  loquela,  gemitus,  mur 
mur,   and   refers  to   this  Psalm.      Hengstenberg 
(Commentary   on  the  Psalms,  vol.  xii.  in  Clark's 
Foreign  Theological  Library,  Edinburgh,  1848) 
will  not  admit  that  the  word  can  mean  a  conver- 
sation, or  tale;   but  prefers   the  translation  —  a 
soliloquy,  ^because  it  generally  bears  the  character 
of  something  transitory. 

In  examining  the  ancient  Syriac,  Arabic,  and 
-3Sthiopic  Versions,  such  as  we  find  them  in  Wal- 
ton's Biblia  Polyglotta  (Londini,  1656,  torn,  iii.), 
it  is  remarkable  to  see  how  closely  they  agree 
with  the  rendering  of  the  Septuagint  Version, 
and  with  the  Vulgate.  Thus,  in  the  Syriac  we 
have  —  to  quote  the  Latin  translation  :  "  Nam 
cuncti  dies  nostri  confecti  sunt  indignatione  t 
et  defecerunt  anni  nostri  sicut  aranea." 

In  the  Arabic  we  have:  "Nam  cuncti  dies 
nostri  finierunt,  et  in  ira"  tua*  consumpti  sumus  : 
anni  nostri  ceu  textura  aranese  sunt  labentes." 

In  the  ^thiopic  version,  the  translation  runs 
Quoniam  omnes  dies  nostri  defecerunt; 
et  in  ir&  tu£  defecimus.     Anni  nostri  sicut  ara- 
neae  meditati  sunt." 

The  Chaldee  Paraphrase  (Targum)  gives,  how- 
ever, a  different  meaning  to  the  Hebrew  word 
•"V,  as  if  it  originally  signified  the  breath  of  the 
mouth  :  "  Consumpsimus  dies  vitie  nostraj  ut  hali- 
tum  oris  in  hyeme."  Rosenmuller  (Scholia  in 
Veins  Testamentum,  Pars  Psalmos  continens,  torn. 
.  Lipsiae,  1804,  p.  2298)  remarks,  that  this  mean- 
ing is  by  no  means  to  be  rejected. 

It  seems  to  me,  that  all  the  various  renderings 
of  the  Hebrew  word  can  easily  be  reconciled  one 
with  another,  and  be  made  to  express  the  mean- 
ing of  the  Psalmist— which  is,  to  show  us  with 


what  rapidity  our  years  pass  away.  The  transla- 
tors of  the  Bible  Version  may  have  intended  the 
words,  a  tale  that  is  told,  to  correspond  with  the 
Latin  words  sermo  or  loquela.  Rosenmuller  (ut 
supra)  appears  to  give  the  meaning  of  the  ex- 
pression :  "  Evanescunt  vitas  nostrae  dies,  sicut 
verbum  emissum  in  aerem  statim  dissolvitur, 
neque  revocari  amplius  potest." 

But  I  am  inclined  to  consider  the  Sttrel  apcix^ 
of  the  Septuagint  version,  and  the  sicut  aranea  of 
the  Vulgate,  the  most  correct  rendering  of  the 
Hebrew,  particularly  as  the  Syriac  agrees  with 
them.* 

Bochart,  in  his  Hierozoicon  (Cap.  XXII.  torn, 
iii.  p.  501,  ed.  Lips.)  supposes  that  in  the  Hebrew 
Codices  which  were  used  by  the  LXX.,  another 

word,  71D3,  was  then  found,  with  the  meaning 
sicut  aranea,  which  is  almost  the  same  in  Arabic. 
(See  Rosenmiiller's  Scholia  in  Vetus  Testamentum^ 
Pars  Psalmos  continens,  torn.  iii.  p.  2300,  ed. 
Lipsiae.)  J.  D ALTON. 

Norwich. 


SHERIDAN'S  GREEK  (3rd  S.  iii.  209.)— Another 
version  of  the  story  of  Lord  Belgrave's  quotation 
from  Demosthenes  in  the  House  of  Commons,  is 
given  by  Mr.  De  Quincey  in  his  "  Selections 
Grave  and  Gay.  Autobiographic  Sketches.  Edin- 
burgh, 1854."  Vol.  ii.  p.  40.  HERUS  FRATER. 

QUOTATION  WANTED  (3rd  S.  iv.  288.)— 

"  Stand  still,  my  steed, 
Let  me  review  the  scene  "  — 
is  from  Longfellow's  poem,  "  A  Gleam  of  Sun- 
shine." E.  V. 

ENIGMA  (3rd  S.  v.  55.)  —  Is  the  answer  to  the 
Earl  of  Surrey's  enigma  "  A  refusal "  ?  E.  V. 

If  we  suppose  the  recipient  of  the  gift  to  be  an 
llegitimate  child,  and  the  lady  its  mother,  I  think 
,he  word  ^awiewill  answer  all  the  requirements  of 
his  enigma.  F.  C.  H. 

CRUEL  KING  PHILIP  (2nd  S.  xii.  393 ;  3rd  S.  i. 
158.)  —  The  lines  are  a  paraphrase  of  Lucian  :  — 

>i\iinrov    yovv   rbv    Ma«e5^a    tyk   Otaffd/Afvos    ouSt 
paTetv  fyavrov   Svvarbs  "fif  e'Seixflrj  8e  (JLOI   £v  ycwiSitp 
fjLi&Oov  aKo6/*tvos  ra  ca6pa  rwv  VTroSrj/j.drui'.  TroAXous 
e   Kal   &\hovs  $    iSelv    fv    roTy     rpi68ois  ^frairovvres, 
p£as  \fy<a  Kal  Aopeiovs,  Kal  TloAvKparcs. 
Philonides. — "AToira  8*77777   ra  irepl  TUV  ^affi\fiu>v,  Kal 


*  This  remark  of  course  implies,  that  as  the  word  njH 
oes  not  mean  a  spider,  some  other  word  was  originally 
sed,  as  Bochart  supposes.  Cappell,  however,  in  his 
ritica  Sacra  (torn.  ii.  pp.  559-607),  tries  to  reconcile  the 
eptuagint  rendering  with  the  Hebrew,  thus :  "  Anni 
ostri  similes  sunt  telis  aranearum,  quas  meditantur,  id 
t,  quas  texunt."  One  of  the  meanings  given  to  the 
ebrew  noun  is  meditatioj  which  you  seem  to  prefer. 


104 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[8*  S.  V.  JAN.  30,  '64. 


fiiKpov  Sew  &r«rra*  rl  8e  6  'SaKparys  firparre,  Kal  Ato- 

9,   /Col   €?  TtS   OA\OS  TWV    ffOfy&V  ', 

Menippus.  —  'O  ytteV  2<i>Kpdrj]s   KO/CC?  irepiepxtrcu  Ste- 
x<uv  aTroi/Tas*  <n5c«<n  8'  atV<j5  rio\afi^57jy,  KO!  'OSwr- 
y,   /col   NeVrwp,  Kai   e?  Tiy   AdAoy  j/eKpJy'   £ri  /ucWot 
OLVT$  Kal  Siy^Kfi   IK  TTJS  (papfJ-OKOirocrias  TO. 
j.  6  5e  jSeATioToy  Aioyemis  irapoiKe'i  pev  'ZapSavcurdhy 
al   M(8a  T£  <J>piryl,  icol   #AAoiy  -ncrl  TW^ 
v,  K.r.A — Necyomantia,  c.  19,  ed.  Bipont.  1790, 
iii.  23. 

If  J.  K.  will  lend  me  What  S saw  in  the 

Invisible  World  for  a  day  or  two,  and  let  me 
know  through  the  office  of  "N.  &  Q"  where  I 
may  send  for  it,  I  shall  be  greatly  obliged. 

H.  B.  C. 
U.  U.  Club. 

ORBIS  CENTRUM  (3rd  S.  iv.  210.)— Ebn  Haukal 
begins  his  Oriental  Geography  (p.  2  of  Ouseley's 
translation)  with  the  following  sentence  :  — 

"  We  begin  with  Arabia,  because  the  Temple  of  the 
Lord  is  situated  there,  and  the  holy  Kaaba  is  the  Navel  of 
the  World." 

Perhaps  your  correspondent  does  not  know  that 
the  inhabitants  of  Boston  (Massachusetts),  with 
that  self-laudatory  spirit  which  they  inherit  to 
such  a  remarkable  degree  from  their  English  an- 
cestors, call  their  city  "  the  hub  of  the  universe." 

J.  C.  LINDSAY. 

St.  Paul,  Minnesota. 

GREEK  PROVERBS  (3rd  S.  iv.  286);  GREEK 
GAMES  (vols.  iv.  and  v. ) ;  ANCIENT  HUMOUR 
(iv.  471).—"  I  shall  be  glad,"  says  MR.  W.  BOWEN 
ROWLANDS,  "  of  any  examples  of  this  saying  %\(j>  5 
$\os  in  Greek  authors." 

u*HAi|  %\iKa  repTTfl,  &c.  JSqualis  aequalem  delectat.] 
Huic  paria  sunt,  Semper  similem  ducit  Deus  ad  similem, 
Clavum  clavo  et  paxillum  paxillo  pepulisti ;  hoc  est,  er- 
ratum altero  errato  curasti."  —  Proverbiorum  Dioaeniani 
Centuria  V. 

""HA<jj  riv  %\ov  tKKpov€is.~\  Pollux,  lib.  ix.  Onomast. 
originem  refert  ad  ludum  quern  KivSaAtfffjibv  Graeci  nomi- 
nant :  'O  5*  Kii>5aA»<r/z6s,  &c.  Verum  cindalismus  ludus 
est  paxillorum.  Kji/SctAous  enim  paxillos  vocaverunt. 
Opus  autem  erat  non  modo  paxillum  terra  argillosae  in- 
figere,  sed  etiam  infixum  elidere  verberantem  caput  altero 
paxillo.  Unde  etiam  proverbium  manavit,  "HAw  rbv  tfXov, 
TroTToAw  rbi/  Trarrd\ovj  Clavo  clavum,  et  paxillo  paxil- 
lum." 

Schottus,  the  editor  of  Adagia,  sive  Proverbia 
Gracorum  ex  Zenobio  sen  Zenodoto,  Diogeniano,  et 
Suida  Collectaneis,  Antverpiae,  1612,  folio,  refers 
in  loc.  (Suida  Cent,  vii.)  to  Hieronymi  Epist.  ad 
Rusticum  Monachum,  and  to  Erasmus,  Chil.  i. 
Cent.  ii.  initio,  who  quotes  Publii  Syri  Mimus, 
"Nunquam  periculum  sine  periclo  vincitur." 
There  is  an  English  proverb  not  unlike — viz. 
'  Every  man  cannot  hit  the  naile  on  the  head." 
And  the  Greek  word  ^AOS  reminds  us  of  an  in- 
stance of  patristic  humour,  Chrysost.  in  2  Cor.  xi., 
Of  Acumfri/T^s  ^Aous,  ^Acou*  £|to<,  quoted  in  Alex. 


Mori  in  Novum  Fcedm  Notes,  ed.  by  J.  A.  Fabri- 
;ius,  Hamburgi,  1712,  ad  Act.  xxvi.  v.  14. 

BlBLIOTHECAR.  CflETHAM. 

THE  SHAMROCK  AND  THE  BLESSED  TRINITY 
(3rd  S.  v.  61.) — I  request  you  will  kindly  allow  me 
to  correct  a  serious  mistake  which  I  inadvertently 
made  in  my  remarks  on  "  St.  Patrick  and  the 
Shamrock."  The  proper  expression  should  have 
Deen? — "As  a  faint  illustration  of  Three  distinct 
Persons,  united  in  one  Divine  Nature"  Instead 
of  using  the  word  Nature,  I  unfortunately  wrote 
Person.  J.  D  ALTON. 

TRADE  AND  IMPROVEMENT  OF  IRELAND  (3rd  S. 
v.  35.) — The  second  part  of  the  Essay  on  the  above 
subject  was  published  in  Dublin  in  1731,  and 
dedicated  to  the  Duke  of  Dorset,  at  that  date 
Lord  Lieutenant  of  Ireland.  The  author  was  a 
member  of  the  Dobbs  family  of  Antrim,  among 
whom  are  several  names  of  distinguished  literary 
reputation. 

The  second  portion  of  the  Essay  is  replete  with 
curious  and  reliable  information  on  the  social  and 
industrial  condition  of  Ireland  140  years  ago.  I 
happened  to  open  that  part  at  p.  96,  where  the 
author  notices  one  remarkable  impediment  to 
industry,  which  happily  has  been  in  great  part 
removed  within  the  last  thirty  years.  I  mean, 
the  great  number  of  holidays.  He  writes :  — 
"  There  are  forty-nine  more  holidays  in  Ireland 
than  our  law  allows,  including  St.  Patrick's  day, 
his  Wife's,  and  his  Wife's  Mother's."  Now,  on 
referring  to  the  life  of  the  great  Apostle  of  Ire- 
land from  the  pen  of  his  most  distinguished 
biographer,  Dr.  Todd,  I  cannot  find  any  mention 
whatever  of  his  wife,  or  whether  he  left  offspring 
to  transmit  his  name  and  virtues  to  Posterity; 
though  the  learned  Doctor  informs  us,  pp.  353-4, 
that  the  Saint's  ancestry,  both  on  father's  and 
mother's  side,  were  highly  respectable ;  and  quotes 
Patrick's  own  statement  to  that  effect  in  the  cele- 
brated epistle  against  Coroticus  :  "  Ingenuus  sum 
secundum  carnem ;  nam  Decurione  patre  nascor," 
&c.  It  is  conjectured  that  it  was  this  passage 
which  suggested  the  composition  of  the  ancient 
Irish  ballad  — 
"  St.  Patrick  was  a  gentleman,  and  born  of  decent  people." 

I  enclose  my  card  for  T.  B.,  who  is  welcome  to 
any  further  information  from  J.  L. 

Dublin. 

ARTHUR  DOBBS  (3rd  S.  v.  63,  82.)  —  It  may  in- 
terest ABHBA  to  know  that  I  possess  an  impres- 
sion of  a  book-plate  of  the  Dobbs'  family.  The 
arms  on  it  are  those  of  Dobbs'  quartering  Dalway, 
with  an  escutcheon  of  pretence  for  Osborne.  There 
is  no  name  printed  on  it,  but  I  have  assigned  it  to 
Arthur  Dobbs,  as  I  find  from  Burke's  Landed 
Gentry  that  an  M.P.  of  that  name  married  an 
heiress  of  the  Osborne  family.  H.  M.  L. 


JAN.  30, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


105 


KINDLIE  TENANTS  (3rd  S.  iv.  355.)  —  The  ex- 
tract  from  the  supplement  to  Jamieson's  Diction- 
ary does  not  exactly  answer  H.  E.  N.'s  question. 
Dr.  Jamieson  was  a  divine,  not  a  lawyer ;  but 
even  in  the  popular  Scotch  law-books  (see  Burton's 
Manual,  p.  292),  the  answer  given  applies  more 
precisely  to  what  are  termed  "  rentallers  "  than  to 
the  peculiar  class  of  holders  called  kindly  tenants, 
known  only  to  exist  in  Annandale  and  Orkney. 
Perhaps  the  following  interesting  extract  from  a 
work  written  so  far  back  as  1842,  but  still  excel- 
lent, affords  the  most  definite  information.  Speak- 
ing of  four  contiguous  villages  called  Four  Towns, 
in  the  parish  of  Lochmaben,  Fullertoris  Gazetteer, 
vol.  i.  p.  588,  says  :  — 

"  The  villages  are  Hightae  with  400  inhabitants,  Green- 
hill  with  80,  and  Heck  and  Smallholm  with  about  70 
each.  The  lands  are  a  large  and  remarkably  fertile  tract 
of  holm  and  haugh,  stretching  along  the  west  side  of  the 
river  Annan  from  the  immediate  vicinity  of  Lochmaben 
Castle,  the  original  seat  of  the  royal  family  of  Bruce,  to 
the  southern  extremity  of  the  parish.  The  inhabitants  of 
the  villages  are  proprietors  of  the  lands,  and  hold  them  by 
a  species  of  tenure  nowhere  else  known  in  Scotland, 
except  in  the  Orkney  Islands ;  and  they  have  from  time 
immemorial  been  called  'The  King's  Kindly  Tenants,' 
and  occasionally  the  '  Rentallers  of  the  Crown.'  The  lands 
originally  belonged  to  the  Kings  of  Scotland,  or  formed 
part  of  their  proper  patrimony,  and  were  granted,  as  is 
generally  believed,  by  Bruce,  the  Lord  of  Annandale,  on 
his  inheriting  the  throne,  to  his  domestic  servants,  or  to 
the  garrison  of  the  castle.  The  rentallers  were  bound  to 
provision  the  royal  fortress,  and  probably  to  carry  arms 
in  its  defence.  They  have  no  charter  or  seisin,  and  hold 
their  title  by  mere  possession,  and  can  alienate  their  pro- 
perty by  a  deed  of  conveyance,  and  procuring  for  the 
purchaser  enrolment  in  the  rental-book  of  Lord  Stormont. 
The  new  possessor  pays  no  fee,  takes  up  his  succession 
without  service,  and  in  his  turn  is  proprietor  simply  by 
actual  possession.  The  tenants  were  in  former  times  so 
annoyed  by  the  constables  of  the  castle  that  they  twice 
made  appeals  to  the  crown ;  and  on  both  occasions — in  the 
reigns  respectively  of  James  VI.  and  Charles  II. — they 
obtained  orders  under  the  royal  sign-manual  to  be  al- 
lowed undisturbed  and  full  possession  of  their  singular 
rights.  In  more  recent  times,  at  three  several  dates,  these 
rights  were  formally  recognised  bv  the  Scottish  Court  of 
Session,  and  the  British  House  of  Peers." 

This,  then,  is  a  species  of  holding  sui  generis, 
and  altogether  different  from  the  low  cottiers  of 
the  laird's  rental-book,  because  the  law  will  not 
recognise  these  unless  there  be  two  things  in 
existence  besides  mere  possession — there  must  be 
a  lease,  and  there  must  be  a  rent. 

SHOLTO  MACDUFF. 

QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (3rd  S.  v.  62,  83.)  —  In 
the  verses  quoted,  the  word  est  is  unfortunately 
printed  instead  of  scit,  so  that  the  point  and  anti- 
thesis are  marred.     The  lines  should  run  thus  :  — 
"  Qui  Christum  noscit,  sat  scit  si  caetera  nescit : 
Qui  Christum  nescit,  nil  scit  si  caetera  noscit." 

F.  C.  H. 

BAPTISMAL  NAMES  (3rd  S.  iv.  508.)— I  can  sup- 
ply an  instance  of  a  Christian  name  which  strikes 


me  as  more  curious  and  unaccountable  than  any 
mentioned  in  your  columns.  The  present  Vicar 
of  Canon  Pyon,  Herefordshire,  is  the  Rev.  R. 
Cockaboo  Dawes.  I  should  be  interested  in  hear- 
ing of  any  other  instance  of  this  euphonious 
cognomen.  R.  C.  L. 

PASSAGE  IN  TENNYSON  (3rd  S.  v.  75.) — I  cannot 
see  that  there  is  any  particular  allusion  in  the 
second  line  of  the  passage :  — 

'•  Go,  vexed  spirit,  sleep  in  trust ; 
The  right  ear  that  is  filled  with  dust 
Hears  little  of  the  false  or  just." 

The  words  M.  O.  gives  in  italics,  are  simply  an 
expression  for  the  peace  and  silence  of  the  grave. 
The  specification  of  the  right  is  not  uncommon,  as 
in  St.  Matthew  :  "  If  thy  right  eye  offend  thee," 
&c.  E.  J.  N. 

ALFRED  BUNN  (3rd  S.  v.  55.)— Mrs.  Bunn,  the 
mother  of  Alfred  Bunn,  about  the  year  1819,  kept 
a  lady's  school  at  South  Lambeth.  D.  N, 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

Stereoscopic  Views  of  the  Rttins  of  Copan,  Central  America, 

taken  by  Osbert  Salvin,  M.A. 

We  are  indebted  to  Messrs.  Smith,  Beck,  &  Beck  for  a 
series  of  Stereoscopic  Views,  which  cannot  fail  to  interest 
alike  the  antiquary  and  the  ethnologist.  They  consist  of 
Photographs  of  Monoliths  and  other  sculptured  remains 
of  Indian  art  from  the  ruins  of  Copan,  which  is  situated 
in  the  republic  of  Honduras,  close  to  the  frontier  of  Gua- 
temala. That  these  monuments  are  connected  with  the 
ancient  worship  of  the  country  there  can  be  little  doubt 
though  the  date  of  their  erection,  and  the  race  of  Indians 
by  whom  they  were  erected,  are  alike  unknown.  Mr. 
Salvin  does  not  look  upon  them  as  of  remote  antiquity, 
for  the  stone  of  which  they  are  formed  is  not  one  capable 
of  offering  great  resistance  to  the  action  of  the  weather, 
and  it  is  therefore  matter  of  congratulation  that  such 
effective  representations  of  them  have  been  secured.  Some 
of  the  monoliths  are  very  striking,  so  is  the  representa- 
tion of  the  Jaguar's  Head,  the  Square  Stone  with  Hiero- 
glyphics, and  especially  that  containing  a  Head,  and  other 
sculptured  stones.  The  whole  series,  indeed,  must  be  most 
acceptable  to  ethnological  students. 

Sibliot/ieca  Chethamensis :  Sive  Bibliothecce  Publicce  Man- 

cuniensis,ab  Humfredo  Chetham  armigero  fundatce,  Cata- 

logi  Tomus  IV.,  exhibens  Libros  in  varias  Classes  pro 

Varietate  Argumenti  distributes.    Edidit  Thomas  Jones, 

.A.,  Bibliothecas  supra  dicta:  Gustos.     (Simms,  Man- 

hester.) 

The  readers  of  "N.  &  Q."  have  seen  in  the  contribu- 
tions to  our  pages  of  the  learned  Librarian  of  the  Chetham 
Library  such  unquestionable  evidence  of  his  erudition, 
diligence,  and  knowledge  of  books,  as  to  render  any  com- 
mendation of  the  present  Catalogue  perfectly  uncalled  for. 
A  glance  at  the  four  goodly  volumes  of  the  Chetham 
Catalogue  is  sufficient  to  call  forth  from  all  reading  men 
their  congratulations  to  the  people  of  Manchester  on  the 
possession  of  so  valuable  a  library,  and  also  of  a  Librarian 
who  strives  so  zealously  to  turn  that  library  to  good  ac- 
count. 


106 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


V.  JAN.  30,  '64. 


The  New  Testament  for  English  Readers :  Containing  the 
Authorised  Version,  with  Marginal  Corrections  of  Read- 
ings and  Renderings,  Marginal  References,  and  a  Criti- 
cal and  Explanatory  Commentary.  By  Henry  Alford, 
D.D.,  Dean  of  Canterbury.  Vol.  I.  Part  II.  The  Gos- 
pel of  St.  John,  and  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles.  (Riving- 
tons.) 

We  have  so  recently  called  attention  to  the  First  Part 
of  this  very  useful  work,  that  we  may  content  ourselves 
with  announcing  its  satisfactory  progress.  The  present 
portion,  it  will  be  seen,  extends  to  the  conclusion  of  the 
Acts  of  the  Apostles. 

Cre-Fydd's  Family  Fare.  The  Yovny  Housewife1  s  Daily 
Assistant  ii  all  Matters  relating  to  Cookery  and  House- 
keeping, 8fc.  SyCre-Fydd.  (Simpkin  &  Marshall.) 

There  are  three  recommendations  to  this  new  Manual 
of  Domestic  Economy— 1st,  the  receipts  are  practically 
available  for  the  moderate  and  economical,  yet  reasonably 
luxurious,  housekeeper;  2ndly,  they  have  been  tested, 
and  served  on  the  table  of  the  authoress,  and  passed  the 
ordeal  of  fastidious  and  critical  palates ;  and,  lastly,  the 
quantity  of  every  ingredient  used  is  carefully  given,  as 
well  as  the  exact  time  required  for  cooking.  Cre-Fydd 
has  in  this  way  done  good  service  to  her  countrywomen, 
and  their  husbands. 

ARUNDEL  SOCIETY.  — The  annual  publications  of  this 
Society  for  the  year  1863  will  be — a  chromo- lithograph 
from  a  drawing  by  Signer  Mariannecci,  after  F.  Lippi's 
fresco  "  The  Raising  of  the  King's  Son ;  "  another  from 
Masolino's  "  SS.  Peter  and  John  giving  Alms ;"  two  life- 
size  heads  from  the  same ;  and  a  line  engraving,  after  Fra 
Angelico's  picture  "  St.  Stephen  thrust  out  of  the  City," 
in  the  Chapel  of  Nicholas  the  Fifth,  in  the  Vatican. 
These  will  appear  in  a  few  weeks.  At  the  same  time  will 
appear  two  extra  publications :  —  1.  A  chromo-lithograph 
after  Fra  Angelico's  picture,  "  The  Annunciation,"  in  the 
Convent  of  St.  Marco,  Florence ;  2.  "  The  Conversion  of 
Hermogenes,"  after  Masaccio's  picture  in  the  Eremitani, 
Padua.  The  annual  publications  by  the  Arundel  Society, 
for  1864,  will  consist  of  a  chromo-lithograph  after  Luini's 
fresco  at  Soronno,  "  The  Presentation  in  the  Temple ;  "  a 
full-sized  head  from  the  same;  an  engraving  of  "The 
Conversion  of  Saul,"  after  the  tapestry  in  the  Vatican, 
designed  by  Raphael,  and  comprised  in  the  series  repre- 
sented by  the  Hampton  Court  Cartoons  (the  cartoon  of 
"  The  Conversion  of  Saul "  is  lost),  and  a  line  engraving, 
continuing  the  series  after  Fra  Angelico's  pictures  in  the 
Chapel  of  Nicholas  the  Fifth,  from  the  picture  of  "  St. 
John."  By  way  of  occasional  publication  there  will  be 
added  to  next  year's  issue  a  chromo-lithograph,  after  Luini's 
picture  at  Soronno,  "Christ  among  the  Doctors."  M. 
Schuitz,  who  made  the  drawing  from  Memling's  famous 
triptych  in  the  Hospital  of  St.  John,  Bruges,  for  the  So- 
ciety, is  to  superintend  the  process  of  chromo-lithograph- 
ing  his  own  work.  This  will  be  done  in  Paris.  If  the 
copyist  is  as  successful  with  the  reproduction  as  he  has 
been  in  his  more  immediate  work,  the  result  will  have 
the  highest  value.  Independently  of  its  Art  value,  the 
original  ia  interesting  for  containing  a  portrait  of  Mem- 
ling  looking  through  a  window  in  the  central  part  of  the 
triptych,  as  if  a  spectator  of  the  scene  it  represents,  "  The 
Adoration  of  the  Magi."  On  the  opposite  side  of  this 
composition  kneels  Brother  Jan  Floreins,  donor  of  the 
picture  to  the  hospital.  On  the  left  wing  is  painted  the 
"Presentation  in  the  Temple,"  on  the  right  "The  Nati- 
vity." The  exterior  panels  of  the  work,  which  protect 
those  within,  are  respectively  painted  with  figures  of  St. 
John  with  the  Lamb,  and  St.  Veronica  holding  the  suda- 
rium. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Book  to  be  sent  directto  the 
gentleman  by  whom  it  is  required,  whose  name  and  address  are  given 
for  that  purpose:- 

TRKATISE  UPON  MONEY,  COINS,  A.NO  EXCHANGE,  by  John  Hewitt.    Lon- 
don, 1775.    8vo. 
Wanted  by  Mr.  James  A.  Hewitt,  Grave  Street,  Cape  Town,  S.  A. 


ta 

GEORGE  W.  MARSHALL.  A  work  on  "  Hall  Marks  on  Plate"  by  which 
the  date  of  manufacture  of  English  plate,  mat/  readily  be  ascertained,  has 
been  recently  published  by  Mr.  W.  Chaffers,  F.S.A. 

HANDKL'S  HARMONIOUS  BLACKSMITH. — MR.  HOLMES  will  find  the  his- 
tory of  this  popular  piece  of  music  in  "  N.  &  Q."  2nd  S.  i.  356. 

BETA  (Sheffield)  will  find  the  parody  on  Wolfe's  monody  on  tJie  Death 
bfSir  John  Moore,  and  of  the  hoax  which  claimed  the  original  for  Dr. 
Marshall  of  Durham,  in  "N.  &  Q."  1st  S.  vi.  81;  and  at  p.  158  of  the 
same  volume  it  is  shown  that  the  author  of  the  Parody  was  the  Rev.  T. 
Barham,  the  inimitable  Ingoldsby. 

A  NON-SUBSCRIBER.     George    William  Frederick,  the   grandson  o  f 
George  II.,  was  created  Prince  of  Wales  April  20,  1751 :  his  father  Fre- 
derick having  died  March  20.    George  I.  ascended  the  throne  in  August, 
1714,  and  on  Sept.  27, 17U,  his  eldest  son  (born  Oct.  30, 1683)  was  created 
by  Patent  Prince  of  Wales. 

H.  C.  will  find  in  "N.  &  Q."  2nd  S.  vii.  481.  a  calculation  of  the  num- 
ber of  books,  chapters,  verses,  words,  and  letters,  contained  in  the  Old  and 
New  Testaments.  Consult  also  Townley's  Biblical  Anecdotes,  p.  l.«. 

W.  P.  P.  There  are  many  legends  of  "  The  Lover's  Leap  "  in  the 
Dargle,  co.  Wicklow  ;  two  of  the  most  touching  are  printed  inS.  C.  HaWs 
Hand- Books  for  Ireland,  Dublin  and  Wicklow,  p.  114. 

C.  B.  (Montrose.)  The  Latin  version  of  T.  Haimes  Bayly's  song, 
"I'd  be  a  Butterfly,"  is  by  the  late  Archdeacon  Wrangham,  and  is  printed 
in  his  Pyschae,  or  Songs  on  Butterflies,  1828,  p.  8,  as  well  as  in  Arundines 
Cami,  edited  by  Henry  Drury,  A.M.,  8vo,  1841,  p.  11.  Consult  also 
«'  N.  &  Q."  1st  S.  xi.  304,  435. 

EPSTLON.  Theabbreviationx  of  ye  and  yl  for  the  and  that  are  simply 
mutations  of  one  form  of  the  Saxon  th,  J>. 

R.  S.  FITTIS  is  thanked  for  his  communication ;  but  the  extracts  are 
from  printed  books  easily  accessible.  The  life  of  I  aul  Jones  has  yet  to  b& 
written. 

HIPPKUS.  For  the  origin  of  the  name  of  the  "  Domesday- Book  "  con- 
sult "  N.  &  Q."  1st  S.  xi.  107;  2nd  S.  xi.  102,  103. 

A  DEVONIAN.  The  Irving  and  the  Dead,  12mo,  1827,  1829,  is  by  the 
Rev.  Erskine  Neale,  M.A.,  Vicar  of  Exning  in  Suffolk.  It  made  two 
series. 

NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publisher  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  INDEX)  is  11*.  4d.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order, 
payable  at  the  Strand  Post  Office,  in  favour  of  WILLIAM  G.  SMITH,  32, 
WELLI.  GTON  STREET,  STKAND,  W.C.,  to  whom  all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR 
THE  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 

'NOTES  &  QUERIES  "  is  registered  for  transmission  abroad. 


T3OOKBINDING  — in    the   MONASTIC,    GROLIER, 

1)    MAIOLI  and  ILLUMINATED  styles -in  the  most  superior 
manner,  by  English  and  Foreign  Workmen. 

JOSEPH  ZAEHNSDORF, 
BOOKBINDER  TO  THE  KING  OF  HANOVER, 

English  and  Foreign  Bookbinder, 
30,  BRYDGES  STREET.  COVENT  GARDEN,  W.C. 


PARTRIDGE     6.    COZENS 

Is    the   CHEAPEST    HOUSE  in    the    Trade   for 

PAPER  and  ENVELOPES,  &c.  Useful  Cream-laid  Note, 2s.  3d.  per 
ream.  Superfine  ditto,  3s.  3d.  Sermon  Paper,  3s.  Gri.  Straw  Paper,  2*. 
Foolscap,  6s.  6d.  per  Ream.  Black  bordered  Note,  5  Quires  for  Is. 
Super  Cream  Envelopes,  6d.  per  100.  Black  Bordered  ditto,  U.  per 
100.  Tinted  lined  India  Note  (ft  Colours),  5  Quires  for  Is.  6d.  Copy 
Books  (Copies  set),  Is.  6<f.  per  dozen.  P.  &  C.'s  Law  Pen  (as  flexible 
as  the  Quill),  2s.  per  gross.  Name  plate  engraved,  and  100  best  C&rda 
printed  for  3s.  6d. 

ffo  Charge  for  Stamping  Arms,  Crests,  Sic.from,  own  Dies. 

Catalogues  Post  Free;  Orders  over  20s.  Carriage  paid. 
Copy  Address,  PARTRIDGE  &  COZENS. 

Manufacturing  Stationers,  1 ,  Chancery  Lane,  and  192,  FleetSt.  E.G. 

PHRISTENING   PRESENTS  in  SILVER.— 

\J  MAPPIN  BROTHERS  beg  to  call  attention  to  their  Extensive 
Collection  of  New  Designs  in  sterling  SILVER  CHRISTENING 
PRESENTS.  Silver  Cups,  beautifully  chased  and  engraved,  31.,  31.  10s., 
41.,  bl.,  51.  10s.  each,  according  to  size  and  pattern;  Silver  Sets  of  Knife, 
Fork,  and  Spoon,  in  Cases,  ll.  Is.,  \l.  10s.,  21.,  -21  10s.,  31.  3s.,  a.  4s.; 
Sliver  Basin  and  Spoon,  in  handsome  Cases.  4Z.  4s.,  61.  6s.,  81.  8s., 
lOZ.  10s.  —  MAPPIN  BROTHERS,  Silversmiths,  67  and  68,  King  Wil- 
liam  Street,  London  Bridge  ;  and  222,  Regent  Street,  W.  Established 
in  Sheffield  A.D.  1810. 


3'd  S.  V.  JAN.  30,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

IT7ESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON 

AJ.D  METROPOLITAN    COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURANCE 
D  ANNUITY  SOC 


Vf 

AND 


IETY. 

CHIEF  OPFICBS  :  ».  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 
77,  KING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


H.E.Bicknell.Esq. 

T.  Somers  Cocks,  Esq.,  M.A..J.P. 

Oeo.  H.  Drew,  Esq.,  M.A. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.  Ooodhart,  Esq.,  J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,M.P. 

Peter  Hood, 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  B.  E.  Howard,  D.C.L 
James  Hunt,  Esq. 
John  Leigh,  Esq. 
Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.B.  Marson.EBq. 
E.  Vansittart  Neale,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Bonamy  Price,  Esq., M.A. 
Jas.  Lys  Seager,Esq. 
Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 
John  B.  White,  Esq. 
Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary — Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 
Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN 
CIPLE  by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  vo:i 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  a 
permission  is  given  upon  application   to  suspend  the  payment  at  in 
terest,  according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society  s  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  severa 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Kates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  tc 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONOS  to  the  Assured,  when  comparei 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.    Persons  entering 
within  trie  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 
MKDICAX  MEN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 

No  CHARGE  MADE  FOR  POLICY  STAMP*. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENT*  granted  to  young  livei,  and  of  AKNDITI 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready, price  14s. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  01 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 


O  S  T   E    O       £  I   D   O   Iff, 

Patent, March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

/GABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH    and 

\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-claw  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED  DENTISTS, 
27,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London 

134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  66,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth.*    Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 


[R.    HOWARD,    SURGEON-DENTIST,    52, 

..         FLEET-STREET,   has   introduced    an   ENTIRELY   NEW 
ESCRIPT10N  of  ARTIFICIAL  TEETH,  fixed  without  springs, 
«r?'»°r    ^ture?V  They  80  Perfectly  resemble  the  natural  teeth  as 
not  to  be  distinguished  from  the  originals  by  the  closest  observer  ;  they 
change  colour  or  decay,  and  will  be  found  superior  to  any 
eth  ever  before  used.    This  method  does  not  require  the  extraction  of 
8£?;.?llSi  P"S'?1  °P«ration,  and  will  support  and  preserve  teeth 
nn      rJ?^&Pdl8  guaranteed  to  restore  articulation  and  mastica- 
t  cation^  1*    ""*  rendered  8Ound  *»*  U8eful  * 


PRETTIEST  GIFT  for  a  LADY  is  one  of 

Manufactory,  338,  Strand,  opposite  Somerset  House. 


TTOLLOWAY'S   OINTMENT. -All  varieties  of 

Ar-ri-Y-  cer?ion'  b»d  legs,  8?res-  wounds,  and  eruptions  can  be  cured  by 

the  diliKent  use  ot  this  cooling,  soothing,  and  healing  unguent     The 

•d.iand  otten  falllnK  fashion  of  strapping  the  edces  of  ulcers  toWthPr 

SrsSSSE 

^ 


IMPERIAL    LIFE    INSURANCE    COMPANY, 
1,  OLD  BROAD  STREET,  E.G. 
Instituted  A.D.  1820. 

A  SUPPLEMENT  to  the  PROSPECTUS,  showing  the  advantages 
of  the  Bonus  System,  may  be  had  on  application  to 

SAMUEL  INGALL,  Actuary. 

HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:  — 

Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24s. 
per  dozen. 

White  Bordeaux 24s.  and  30s.  perdoz. 

Good  Hock 30s.    „     36s.        „ 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne 36s.,  42s.    „     48s.       „ 

Good  Dinner  Sherry 24s.    „     :-Os.       „ 

Port  24s.,  30s.    „     36s.       „ 

They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
Of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120s.  perdoz. 

Vintage  1834 „  108s.       „ 

Vintage  1840 ,     84s.        „ 

Vintage  1847 „     72s.       „ 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry, 36*., 42s., 
48s.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s., 42*.,  48s. ,60s.,  72s.,  84s.;  Hochhei- 
mer,  Marcobrunner,  Rudesheimer.  Steinberg,  Leibfraumilch,  60s.; 
Johannes berger  and  Steinberger,  72s.,  84s.,  to  120s.;  Braunberger,  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Sclmrzberg,  48s.  to  84s.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48s.,  60s.,  6»>8., 
78s.;  very  choice  Champagne,  60s.  78s.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Lachrymae  Christi,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognaxc  Brandy,  60,s.  and  72s.  per  doz.; 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :   155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 
Brighton:  30,  King's  Road. 

(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 


pAMPBELL'S  OLD  GLENLIV AT  WHISKY.— 

\J  At  this  season  of  the  year,  J.  Campbell  begs  to  direct  attention  to 
this  fine  old  MALT  WHISKY,  of  which  he  has  held  a  large  stock  for 
30  years,  price  20s.  per  gallon;  Sir  John  Power's  old  Irish  Whisky,  18s.; 
Hennessey's  very  old  Pale  Brandy,  32s.  per  gallon  (J.  C.'s  extensive 
business  in  French  Wines  gives  him  a  thorough  knowledge  of  the 
Brandy  market):  E.  Clicquot's  Champagne,  <6s.  per  dozen:  Sherry, 
Pale,  Uolden,  or  Brown,  30s.,  36s.,  and  42s.;  Port  from  the  wood,  30s. 
and  36s.,  crusted,  42s.,  48s.  and  64s.  Note.  —  J.  Campbell  confidently 
recommends  hisVin  de  Bordeaux,  at  20s.  per  dozen,  which  greatly  im- 
proves by  keeping  in  bottle  two  or  three  years.  Remittances  or  town 
references  should  be  addressed  JAMES  CAMPBELL,  158,Regeut  Street. 

EAU-DE-VIE.— This  pure  PALE  BRANDY,  18*. 
per  gallon,  is  peculiarly  free  from  acidity,  and  very  superior  to 
recent  importations  of  Cognac.  In  French  bottles,  38s.  per  doz. ;  or  in 
a  case  for  the  country.  39s.,  railway  carriage  paid.  No  agents,,  and  to 
be  obtained  only  of  HENRY  BRETT  &  CO.,  Old  Furnival's  Distillery, 
Holborn,  B.C.,  and  30,  Regent  street,  Waterloo  Place,  S.W.,  London. 
Prices  Current  free  on  application. 


DIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

1        MAGNOLIA,    WHITE    ROSE,    FRANGIPANNI.  GERA- 
NIUM, PAi'CHOULY,  EVER-SWEET,  JvEW-MOWN  HAY,  and 

,000  others.   2s.  6d.  each.— 2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 


Sold  by  Grocers  and  Confectioners. 

FBY'S      CHOCOLATE, 

FRY'S  FRENCH  CHOCOLATE  FOR  EATING, 
in  Sticks,  and  Drops. 

FRY'S    CHOCOLATE    CREAMS. 

FRY'S  FRENCH  CHOCOLATE  IN  CAKES. 
J.  8.  FRY  &  SONS,  Bristol  and  London. 


Dinneford's  Pure  Fluid  Magnesia 

las  been,  during  twenty-five  years,  emphatically  sanctioned  by  the 
iledical  Profession,  and  universally  accepted  by  the  Public,  as  the 
Jest  Remedy  for  Acidity  of  the  Stomach,  Heartburn,  Headache,  Gout, 
nd  Indigestion,  and  as  a  Mild  Aperient  for  delicate  constitutions,  more 
specially  for  Ladies  and  Children.  When  combined  with  the  Acidu- 
ated  Lemon  Syrup,  it  forms  an  AGREEABLE  EFFERVESCING  DRAUGHT. 
a  which  its  Aperient  qualities  are  much  increased.  During  Ho* 
easons,and  In  Hot  Climates,  the  regular  use  of  this  simple  and  elegant 
emedy  has  been  found  highly  beneficial.  It  is  prepared  (in  a  state 
f  perfect  purity  and  of  uniform  strength)  by  D1NNEFORD  &  CO., 
2,  New  Bond  Street,  London:  and  sold  by  all  respectable  Chemists 
rough  out  the  World. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  JAN.  30,  '64. 


LATELY  PUBLISHED  BY 

MESSRS.  RIVINGTON. 


THE  PSALMS   INTERPRETED    OF  CHRIST. 

A  Devotional  Commentary.  By  the  REV.  ISAAC  WILLIAMS, 
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THE   NEW   TESTAMENT    FOR    ENGLISH 

READERS  :  containing  the  Authorized  Version,  with  Marginal 

Corrections  of  Readings  and  Renderings;  Mr '  --*• •• 

and  a  Critical  and  Explanatory  Commentary 
FORD,  D.D.,  Dean  of  Canterbury.  Part  II. 
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(St.  John  and  the 


THE  DIVINE  WEEK  ;  or,  Outlines  of  a  Harmony 

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SUBJECTS.  By  the  VEN.  R.  C.  COXE,  M.A.,  Archdeacon  of 
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THE  SYNTAX  and  SYNONYMES  of  the  GREEK 

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College,  Cambridge,  and  recently  of  King's  College,  London. 
In  8vo. 


THE  OFFICE  OF   THE   HOLY  COMMUNION 

IN  THE  BOOK  OF  COMMON  PRAYER.  A  Series  of  Lectures 
delivered  in  the  Church  of  St.  John  the  Evangelist,  Paddington. 
By  EDWARD  MEYRICK  GOULBURN,  D.D.,  Prebendary  of 
St.  Paul's,  and  one  of  Her  Majesty's  Chaplains  in  Ordinary.  New 
Edition,  in  one  Volume,  uniform  with  "  Thoughts  on  Personal  Re- 
ligion." 


SAINTLINESS:  a  Course  of  Sermons  on  the  Bea- 
titudes, preached  at  St.  Mary's  Church,  Putney.  By  ROBERT 
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[Just  ready. 


THE   ANNUAL  REGISTER ;  or,  a  View  of  the 

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the  first  Volume  of  a  New  Series. 

This  important  Work  has  now  been  continued  for  one  hundred  and 
five  years,  under  nearly  the  same  form  and  arrangement  throughout. 
It  is  now  proposed  to  introduce  some  improvements,  which  the  Pro- 
prietors confidently  believe  will  add  much  to  its  interest  and  value.  A 
more  detailed  Prospectus  will  shortly  be  issued. 


SCHOOL  SERMONS.     By  the  REV.  EDWARD  ST. 

JOHN  PARRY,    M.A.,   Head  Master  of  Leamington  College. 
Small  8vo. 


AN    ANNOTATED   CRITICAL   CONCORD- 

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pared throughout  with  the  Original  Greek.    By  the  REV.  WHAR- 


DANIEL  THE  PROPHET;  Nine  Lectures  de- 
livered in  the  Divinity  School.  By  EDWARD  BOUVERIE 
PUSEY,  D.D.,  Regius  Professor  of  Hebrew  in  the  University  of 
Oxford,  and  Canon  of  Christ  Church.  In  one  Volume,  8vo. 


THE  LAST  SERMONS  OF  THE  REV.  THOMAS 

AINGER,  M.A.,  late  Incumbent  of  Hampstead. 


THE  IDLE   WORD.      Short  Religious  Essays   on 

the  Gift  of  SPEECH.    By  EDWARD  MEYRICK  GOULBURN, 
D.D.    New  Edition,  enlarged.    Small  8vo. 


DICTIONARY  of  CHRISTIAN  ANTIQUITIES. 

By  various  Writers.   Edited  by  WILLIAM  SMITH,  LL.D. 


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THE   QUARTERLY   REVIEW,  No.   CCXXIX. 
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CONTENTS : 
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III.  FORSYTE'S  LIFE  OF  CICERO. 
IV.  GUNS  AND  PLATES. 
V.  SPEKE'S  TRAVELS  ON  THE  NILE. 
VI.  EELS.      . 

VII.  ROME  IN  THE  MIDDLE  AGES. 
VIII.  THE  DANISH  DUCHIES. 

JOHN  MURRAY,  Albemarle  Street. 

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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


107 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  FEBRUARYS,  1864. 

CONTENTS.  —N».  110. 

NOTES:  -Publication  of  Diaries,  107  -  Documents,  &c., 
retarding  Sir  Walter  Raleigh,  108  -Twelfth  Day,  109- 


ding  , 

eaf  Scribblings,&c.,110-The  Newton  Stone,  Ib.- 
Cardinal  Beton  and  Archbishop  Gawin  Dunbar  —  Men- 
delssohn's Oratorio,  "  St.  Paul  "-  Easter  -  Dialects  ,of 
the  Suburbs  -  Sword-blade  Inscriptions  —  Source  of  the 
Nile  —  The  Princess  de  Lamballe,  112. 
QUERIES:  —Ancient  Seals,  113—  Author  wanted  —Mr. 
Daniel  Campbell  —  Chess  —  The  Comet  of  1581—  Chaworth 
or  Cadurcis:  Hesdene-  Oliver  de  Durden,  &c.-Grum- 
bold  Hold—  Dr.  Hill:  Petition  of  I.  —  Hyla  Holden  — 
Kuster's  Death  -  Lanterns  of  the  Dead  :  Round  Towers  of 
Ireland  —  Leigh  Family  ofSlaidburn,  co.  York  -Literati 
of  Berlin—  Marking  of  Saddles,  &c  —  The  Empress  Maud  — 
Model  of  Edinburgh  -Mottoes  Wanted  —  Newhaven  in 
Prance  —  Order  of  the  Cockle  in  France—  Proverb  Wanted 

—  Roman  Historian  —  Seals  —  Shakspeare  Portraits  — 
Translators  of  Terence  —Vichy  —Writs  of  Summons  — 
Situation  of  Zoar,  114. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS  :  —  Colkitto  and  A.  S.  —  The  Nile 

—  Major  Richardson  Pack  —  Spenser's  "  Calendar  "—  Quo- 
tations —  Springs  —  Retreat  —  Durocobrivis  —  Anony- 
mous, 118. 

REPLIES  •  —  Cromwell's  Head,  119  —  Colonel  Robert  Vena- 
bles,  120—  Works  of  Francis  Barham,  Ib—  Mr.  Wise,  121 

—  "  One  Swallow  does  not  make  a  Summer  "  —  Bermuda 

—  "  Pig  and  Whistle  "  —  St.  Willibrord  :  Frisic  Literature 

—  Grave  of  Pocahontas  —  Fingers  of  Hindoo  Gods  —  Lon- 
gevity of  Clergymen  —  "  Author  of  good  to  Thee  I  turn  "  — 
Richardson   Family  —  The   Lapwing—  William  Mitchell, 
the  Great  Tinclarian  Doctor  —  Elma,  a  Christian  Name  — 
Natter—  Caspar  de  Navarre  :  Spengle,  &c.,  122. 

fttttft. 

PUBLICATION  OF  DIARIES. 

Those  who  publish  the  private  diaries  of  de- 
ceased persons,  or  extracts  from  them,  are  apt  to 
fall  into  the  error  of  biographers.  They  feel  a 
tenderness  towards  the  writer,  and  omit  anything 
which  may  show  him  unfavourably.  Objection 
may  be  taken  to  this  practice,  even  when  the 
diarist  is  only  speaking  of  himself.  But,  when  he 
is  speaking  of  others,  and  especially  when  he  is 
speaking  against  others,  such  omission  may  be  a 
grave  wrong  to  those  who  are  represented.  It 
may  be  that  the  omitted  parts  would  completely 
destroy  the  value  of  the  whole  testimony.  Sup- 
pose, for  instance,  a  person  of  some  name  should 
leave  memoranda  imputing  delinquencies  of  vari- 
ous kinds  to  various  persons  ;  suppose  that,  among 
the  rest,  it  should  be  found  that  the  late  Duke 
of  Wellington  either  wanted  courage  and  con- 
duct in  the  field,  or,  was  bribed  by  the  enemy. 
If  at  a  future  time  these  memoranda  should 
find  a  publisher  or  an  extractor,  who  should 
omit  the  slander  on  the  Duke  and  retain  what  is 
said  about  others  who  would  not  be  so  well 
known,  it  is  clear  that  those  others  would  not  be 
treated  with  historical  fairness.  The  editor  or 
extractor  might  very  innocently  think  only  of  his 
author,  and  of  the  wretched  figure  he  would 
make  :  but  his  readers  have  a  right  to  expect 
that  he  should  think  of  them,  and  of  the  other 
parties  assailed. 


In  1855  (lft  S.  xii.  142)  I  quoted  some  brutally 
coarse  remarks  which  Reuben  Burrow  wrote  in 
the  fly-leaf  of  a  book.  In  giving  them  I  had  a 
meaning  which  I  did  not  explain.  Two  years  be- 
fore, some  extracts  from  the  diary  of  Reuben 
Burrow  had  been  published  in  a  scientific  journal : 
these  extracts  contained  various  disparagements, 
which  possibly  might  be  slanders;  accompanied 
by  the  statement,  taken  from  a  friendly  bio- 
graphy, that  "  his  habits  had  been  formed  by 
casualty  and  the  necessities  of  the  moment  rather 
than  by  design  and  the  prudent  hand  of  a  master." 
This  biography  also  describes  him  as  having,  in 
private  life,  "  some  of  those  excentricities  which 
frequently,  attend  genius,  though  by  no  means 
necessarily."  This  gentle  allusion  to  the  habits 
of  a  man  whose  stories  about  other  persons  were 
put  into  print,  induced  me  to  publish  the  fly-leaf 
above  alluded  to.  I  then  knew  nothing  of  the 
journal  or  diary,  except  the  extracts.  I  have 
lately  been  made  aware  that  the  extractor,  a 
friend  from  whom  I  am  obliged  to  differ  widely 
in  this  matter,  presented  the  diary  to  the  library 
of  the  Astronomical  Society  soon  after  the  com- 
pletion of  the  extracts.  I  am  thus  enabled  to 
supply  deficiencies,  and  to  give  the  character  of 
this  accuser  of  the  brethren  in  the  manner  in 
which  I  hold  it  ought  to  have  been  given. 

It  is  very  gratifying  to  think  that  such  "  ex- 
centricities "  in  private  life  as  Burrow  exhibited 
are  not  "  necessarily "  the  accompaniments  of 
"  genius."  Even  in  his  day  the  gifted  man  would 
not  often  leave  to  his  son  and  three  daughters  a 
note  book  in  which  obscene  epigrams  are  recorded, 
and  in  which  the  dismissal  of  a  servant  is  noted 
with  his  name  mispelt  into  the  foulest  word  in 
the  language,  vowels  and  all.  But  this  is  pos- 
sibly consistent  with  truthful  evidence,  and  sound 
judgment  upon  the  conduct  of  others.  For  a 
specimen  of  the  reliance  to  be  placed  on  Burrow 
in  these  particulars,  I  shall  content  myself  with 
quoting  the  following  passage.  He  was  starting 
for  India,  and  Lord  Howe,  with  the  fleet  which 
was  to  relieve  Gibraltar,  protected  the  India 
fleet  for  a  time,  and  then  left  them  a  convoy  :  — 

"  The  weather  continued  pretty  much  the  same  till 
the  end  of  September,  and  the  wind  was  sometimes 
favorable ;  yet  Howe  never  took  the  least  advantage  of 
it;  but  on  Sept.  30,  when  we  were  in  lat.  48°  6',  and  the 
French  West  India  fleet  were  expected  every  moment 
with  five  ships  of  the  line,  this  scoundrel  Howe  left  us 
entirely  to  ourselves,  with  only  a  fifty- gun  ship  to  take 
care  of  us,  and  went  away  from  us,  though  he  might 
have  convoyed  us  a  much,  greater  distance  without  the 
least  interference  with  his  destination.  From  the  stu- 
pidity and  carelessness  of  this  rascal's  behaviour,  I  can 
have  no  other  opinion  but  that  he  and  his  brother  are  a 
couple  of  cowardly  scoundrels,  or  else  that  they  are  bribed 
by  the  enemy  :  for  I  am  certain  that  they  might  by  this 
time  (Oct.  6)  have  been  all  at  Gibraltar;  and  indeed 
much  sooner,  had  they  used  the  least  industry  or  con- 
trivance. What  damned  stupidity  this  cursed  nation  of 
ours  has  fallen  into.  Though  this  cursed  rogne  and  his 


108 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  V.  FEB.  6,  '64. 


brother  have  already  behaved  in  the  worst  manner  pos- 
sible in  America,  yet  they  are  now  trusted  with  another 
expedition " 

At  the  time  in  question,  Lord  Howe  had  run  a 
very  brilliant  career  :  and  as  he  did  relieve  Gibral- 
tar according  to  instructions,  and  as  the  India  fleet 
was  not  hurt  by  the  French,  we  may  surmise  that 
he  knew  how  to  manage.     The  whole  of  the  above 
passage  is  omitted  in  the  extracts,  though  parts 
before  and  after  come  under  marks  of  quotation. 
This  omission  is  not  due  to  supposed  irrelevancy 
or  want  of  interest,  for  it  is  quoted  that  the  car- 
penter had  forgotten  to  close  the  ports,  by  which 
the   water  came   in  and  created  alarm.     I  hold 
that  enough  ought  to  have  been  given  to  show 
what  kind  of  person  the  writer  was.     Having  ex- 
amined the   stories   which   he   tells  about  other 
mathematicians,  I  find  much  reason  to  think  that 
he  is  no  more  to  be  depended  on  about  them  than 
about  Lord  Howe.    His  plan  seems  to  be,  to  take  a 
rumour,  or  the  gossip  of  an  acquaintance,  and  to 
erect  it  into  a  positive  fact  of  a  decided  character. 
There  is  an  old  joke  —  it  seems  to  have  been  no 
more  —  against   Halley,  which  has  lived  in  oral 
tradition,  and  I  think  has  been  printed.     Halley 
was  sent  to  Germany  by  the  Royal   Society  to 
examine  the  astronomical  methods  of  Hevelius, 
and  it  was  the  laugh  of  his  friends  against  him 
that  he  had  flirted— as  we  now  say  —  with  Mrs. 
Hevelius,  and  made  her  husband  jealous.     Such 
badinage  was   sure   to   arise  —  especially   in  the 
reign  of  Charles  II — where  a  young  and  highly 
accomplished  single  man  was  entertained  in°the 
house  of  a  friend  who  had  a  handsome  wife.    Bur- 
row affirms  that  Halley  betrayed  the  confidence  of 
his  host  to  the  utmost,  and  uses  the  plainest  words. 
I  have   given  enough    to   show  that   Reuben 
Burrow  must  not  be  taken  as  a  witness  against 
the  character  of  any  other  person.     I  may  add 
that  he  records  nothing  but  what  is  disparaging, 
nothing— or  just  next  to  nothing  —  to  the  hoTiour 
or  credit  of  any  one  whom   he  mentions.     His 
antipathy  to  Wales,  the  hero  of  the  abuse  trans- 
cribed by  me,   as  above  mentioned  — and  with 
whom  he  seems  to  have  been  on  terms  of  friendly 
acquaintance  while  fly-leafing  him  in  every  one 
of  his  works  —  has  some  of  its  sources  laid  open. 
The    chief    of  them  seems  to    be  that  to  Mrs. 
Wales     he     attributes     the    lies  —  as    he    calls 
them  —  about  Mrs.    Burrow    owing    black   eyes 
and  a  swelled  face  to  some  of  her  husband's  ex- 
centricities  which  attend  genius,  but  not  neces- 
sarily, in  private  life.     This  is  the  most  credible 
aspersion  of  Burrow's  whole  lot.     His  biographer 
admits  that  he  was  an  occasional  pugilist;  the 
witness   is   one   against  whom  nothing  has,  ever 
been  produced  ;  and  the  story  is,  taking  all  we 
know    of   Burrow,  natural  and   probable  in  its 
Details.  A.  DE  MORGAN. 


DOCUMENTS,   ETC.    REGARDING  SIR  WALTER 

RALEIGH. 

I  send  for  insertion,  if  you  think  them  worthy 
of  a  place  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  a  few  more  papers  from 
my  collections  regarding  Sir  Walter  Raleigh,  his 
friends,  and  relatives  :  the  dates  of  some  of  them 
are  uncertain,  as  no  year  is  mentioned ;  and  as  to 
others  the  commencement  of  the  year,  whether  on 
January  1  or  on  March  25,  will  make  a  differ- 
ence, for  which,  of  course,  allowance  must  not  be 
omitted.  The  documents  were  copied  by  me 
from  the  originals  at  various  periods,  some  of 
them  as  far  back  as  the  year  1830  or  1831. 
Addressed  in  Raleigh's  hand  thus  : 
"  For  her  mats  speciall  affairs.  To  the  right  honor"* 
my  very  good  L.  the  Ld  Cobham,  Lrd  Warden  of  the 
Cinkportes,  her  mates  leiftenant  generall  of  Kent,  att 
Plymouthe.  From  Sherborne  the  13  of  Aug.  at  12  in 
the  night.  Post  hast,  hast,  post  with  spede.  Hast,  post 
hast,  hast  for  life. 

"  I  have  sent  your  L.  Mr  Secretories  letter,  by  which 
you  may  perceve  that  8  sayle  of  Spaniards  ar  entred  into 
our  seas  as  high  as  Sl  Mallos.  Your  L.  may  see  that  if 
you  weare  not  loose,  you  should  be  tied  above  for  a  while. 
If  you  needs  will  into  Cornwale,  then  make  hast,  or  I 
think  yow  wilbe  sent  for.  I  can  say  no  more,  butt  that 
I  am  your  Lordshipp's  before  all  that  leve. 

"  W.  RALEGH." 

Lady  Raleigh  added  the  following  postscript  in 
her  own  hand-writing :  — 

'  And  I  could  disgest  this  last  word  of  Sur  Wai  tar's 
letter,  I  wold  expres  my  love  likewise :  but  unly  this :  I 
agree  and  am  in  all  with  Sur  Wai  tar,  and  most  in  his 
Love  to  you :  I  pray  hasten  your  returne  for  the  eleket 
sake,  that  we  may  see  the  bathe  to  gether. 

"  Your  trew  poore  (rind,  E.  RALEGH." 
(Indorsed)  "  17  Jan?,  1595.  Sr  Jo.  Gilbert  to  Sir  Wa. 
Raleghe.      Report  of  a  Frenchman  latelie  come  out  of 
Spaine. 

'  To  my  ho.  good  brother,  syr  Walter  Raylygh,  Knyght, 
lo.  warden  off  the  Stanerys  and  captayne  of  her  ma- 
jestys  garde,  att  Sherborne. 

"  My  ho.  good  brother.  Heare  arryved,  yn  this  ses- 
shons  weake,  a  Frenche  mane  which  came  owt  of  Spayne, 
and  ys  servante  too  my  Lls.  off  the  gowarsen,  who'  re- 
portes  that  the  Kynge  of  Spayne  has  seante  all  his  forces 
of  Spanyards  and  Itallyans  from  Cartagena  too  the  Duke 
of  Savoye,  and  soo  into  the  lowe  cowntryes;  and  they 
cary  with  theame  3  myllions  off  money  for  paye  of  the 
sodgers  theare.  Antony  Godderde  demandyd  off  him 
whether  the  Kynge  of  Spayne  seante  any  forses  ynto  the 
[ndes  to  the  empyer  of  Gwyana?  he  awnswyrd  that  of 
:hat  empyer  he  harde  nott,  but  the  Kynge  'had  seante 
forses  too  the  dell  awradoo  [the  El  Dorado~\,  and  made 
jroclamasyon  thorro  Spayne,  that  they  that  woldeshulde 
lave  lyberty  to  goo  with  theare  wyves  and  chyldreane. 
The  fyrste  attempte  that  the  Spanyardes  pre'tende  to 
make  wilbe  agaynste  flushynge,  and  soo  upon  Inglande ; 
and  theare  wilbe  and  ys  reddy  yn  Spayne  and  in  the 
stretes  100  saylle  off  shyppes,  "gallyasses  and  gallys,  to 
sett  saylle  by  the  ende  off  february :  more  I  have  not 
larde.  The  Lo.  bleasse  all  yowr  actyons.  Exter,  thys 
17  off  Janowary,  1595. 

"  Yowres  for  ever  too  be  commandyd, 

"  JOHN  GILBERTE." 
(Indorsed)  "16  Mar.  1595,  Sr  Jo.  Gilbert  to  S*  Wa. 
Ralegh." 


3'dS.V.  FEB.  6, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


109 


"  Too  my  ho.  good  brother,  syr  Walter  Raylygh,  Knyght, 
Lo.  Warden  off  the  Stanerys,  and  captayne  of  her 
majesty's  garde. 

"  My  ho.  good  brother.  Heare  are  arryvyd  3  fly 
bottes  from  Saynt  Lucar,  which  came  from  thense  the 
26  of  february  laste,  who  reporte  that  theare  are  theare 
20  saylles  of  men  of  war  amakinge  reddy,  butt  nott  with 
haste ;  wheareoff  5  of  theame  are  of  the  greteste  shypps 
off  Spayne.  Theare  came  owte  of  Saynt  Lucar,  yn  theare 
company,  sertyne  shyppes  which  weant  for  Lusborne, 
loden  with  1400  tones  off  corn  too  be  bakyd  ynto  bysky 
for  the  kynges  provysion;  and  theare  came  at  thatt 
tyme  too  other  greatte  shyppes  too  Saynt  Lucar,  off  600 
tones  apesse,  too  lode  come  and  too  retorne  too  Lusborne. 

"  They  further  reporte  that  the  Kynge  bofte  6  hulkes 
off  200  tones  apesse,  which  are  gone  to  the  dell  awrado, 
full  of  men,  womene,  and  chylderne,  and  vyttells ;  wheare 
off  theare  weante  1400  soldyers. 

"  Theare  are  arrj'vyd  att  Saynt  Lukar,  abowte  5«wekes 
paste,  3  of  the  Kynges  frygottes,  which  brafte  from 
Saynte  John  de  Porteryka  2  myllions  and  a  halfe  of 
sylver,  as  the  reporte  was  amongeste  merchantes ;  and 
that  syr  francys  Drake  rechyd  theare  owtewarde:  at 
that  tyme  they  were  alodj'nge  off  the  tresure.  He  en- 
teryd  the  harbors  with  hys  pynasses,  and  fyryd  one  of 
the  frygottes.  Syr  francys  cowlde  nott  enter  the  har- 
boor  with  his  shyppes,  for  they  had  sunke  a  frygotte  yn 
the  harboro,  and  by  that  meanes  lost  both  the  towne, 
treasure,  and  frygottes.  Thys  ys  all  that  I  can  at  thys 
presaunte  advertys  yow  off;  and  soo  levynge  to  troble 
vow,  I  commvt  vow  to  the  protectyon  off  the  Allmyghty. 
From  Greane'wage  this  1G  off  marche,  1595. 

"  Youres  for  ever  to  be  commandyd, 

"  JOHN  GILBERTE." 

The  following  paper  seems  to  have  reference  to 
the  Expedition  to  Cadiz,  under  the  Earl  of  Essex  ; 
it  is  without  date  or  indorsement :  — 

"  And  because  it  may  happen  by  fight,  or  otherwise, 
that  you,  our  Admirall  of  these  forces  committed  to  your 
charge,  may  miscarrye  in  this  action  (which  God,  we 
hope,  will  prevent),  we  have  thought  good  (providinge 
for  all  events)  to  appoynt  and  authorize  in  such  extre- 
mitye  our  Servant  Sr  Walter  Raleigh,  Captayne  of  our 
Guard,  and  Lieutenant  of  our  County  of  Cornewalle,  to 
take  the  charge  of  our  said  fleet  and  forces,  beinge  now 
our  Vice-admyrall  of  the  same.  And  in  the  meane  while 
that  he  be  assistant  unto  you  in  all  your  enterprises  and 
attemptes,  and  all  other  resolutions  and  determinations 
for  these  our  services,  as  well  for  the  annoyance  of  the 
Enemye  as  for  the  safegarde  of  our  fleet,  and  forces  afore- 
sayd.  In  wytnes  whereof  we  have  caused  these  our 
Letters  to  be  made  Patentes,  to  contynue  duringe  our 
pleasure.— Witnes  our  self,"  &c. 

J.  PAYNE  COLLIER. 

P.S.  From  a  MS.  volume  of  miscellaneous 
poetry  and  prose,  in  the  library  at  Bridgewater 
House,  I  extracted  the  following ;  but  it  strikes 
me  that  I  have  seen  it  in  print,  and  if  any  of  the 
correspondents  of  "N.  &  Q."  can  tell  me  where 
the  lines  are  to  be  found,  I  shall  be  obliged  to 
them. 

"  EPITAPH. 

"  Here  lyes  the  noble  Warryor  that  never  blunted  sword : 
Here  lyes  the  noble  Courtier  that  never  kept  his  word ; 
Here  lyes  his  Excellency  that  govern'd  all  the  State; 
Here  lyes  the  L.  of  Leicester  that  all  the  world  did 
hate.  WA.  RA." 


TWELFTH-DAY. 

It  is  still  the  custom  in  parts  of  Pembrokeshire, 
on  Twelfth-night,  to  carry  about  a  wren. 

The  wren  is  secured  in  a  small  house  made  of 
wood,  with  door  and  windows— the  latter  glazed. 
Pieces  of  ribbon  of  various  colours  are  fixed  to 
the  ridge  of  the  roof  outside.  Sometimes,  several 
wrens  are  brought  in  the  same  cage ;  and  often- 
times a  stable-lantern,  decorated  as  above-men- 
tioned, serves  for  the  wren's  house.  The  pro- 
prietors of  this  establishment  go  round  to  the 
principal  houses  in  their  neighbourhood  :  where, 
accompanying  themselves  with  some  musical  in- 
strument, they  announce  their  arrival  by  singing 
the  "  Song  of  the  Wren."  The  wren's  visit  is  a 
source  of  much  amusement  to  children  and  ser- 
vants ;  and  the  wren's  men,  or  lads,  are  usually 
invited  to  have  a  draught  from  the  cellar,  and 
receive  a  present  in  money.  The  "  Song  of  the 
Wren  "  is  generally  encored ;  and  the  proprietors 
very  commonly  commence  high  life  below  stairs, 
dancing  with  the  maid-servants,  and  saluting  them 
under  the  kissing-bush— where  there  is  one.  I 
have  lately  procured  a  copy  of  the  song  sung  on 
this  occasion.  I  am  not  aware  that  it  is  in  print. 
I  am  told  that  there  is  a  version  of  this  song  in 
the  Welsh  language,  which  is  in  substance  very 
near  to  that  given  below  :  — 

"  THE   SONG   OF   THE   WREN. 

"  Joy,  health,  love,  and  peace, 
Be  to  you  in  this  place. 
By  your  leave  we  will  sing, 
Concerning  our  king : 
Our  king  is  well  drest, 
In  silks  of  the  best ; 
With  his  ribbons  so  rare, 
No  king  can  compare. 
In  his  coach  he  does  ride, 
With  a  great  deal  of  pride ; 
And  with  four  footmen 
To  wait  upon  him. 
We  were  four  at  watch, 
And  all  nigh  of  a  match  ; 
And  with  powder  and  ball, 
We  fired  at  his  hall. 
We  have  travell'd  many  miles, 
Over  hedges  and  stiles, 
To  find  you  this  king, 
Which  we  now  to  you  bring. 
Now  Christmas  is  past, 
Twelfth-day  is  the  last. 
Th*  Old  Year  bids  adieu- 
Great  joy  to  the  New." 

It  would  appear,  from  the  ninth  line  of  the 
song,  that  the  wren  at  one  time  used  to  occupy  a 
coach,  or  that  her  house  was  placed  upon  wheels. 

The  word  "hall"  is  fitly  used  for  the  wren's 
nest:  it  is  really  a  "hall,"  or  covered  place.  And 
it  is  from  the  shape  of  his  nest,  that  the  wren  gets 
his  name,  meaning  covered. 

The  reference  to  "  powder  and  ball"  is  curious  ; 
and  there  is  another  song  about  the  wren,  still 


110 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  FEB.  6,  '64- 


surviving  in  this  district,  which  contains  a  refer 

ence  to  guns  and  cannons.     I  regret  that  I  can 

only  remember  two  verses ;  and  as  far  as  I  know 

they  are  not  printed  :  — 

"  «  Where  are  you  going?  '  says  the  millder  to  the  malder 

'  Where  are  you  going?  '  says  the  younger  to  the  elder 

'  I  cannot  tell,'  says  Fizzledyfose : 

*  To  catch  cutty  wron,'  says  John  the-red-nose. 

"  *  How  will  you  get  him  ? '  says  the  millder  to  the  malder 
'  How  will  you  get  him  ? '  says  the  younger  to  the  elder 
'  I  cannot  tell,'  says  Fizzledyfose : 
'With  guns  and  great  cannons,' sa}  s  John  the-red 
nose." 

Perhaps  I  ought  not  to  call  this  a  song,  as  ] 
never  heard  it  sung,  and  it  is  very  little  known 
here  ;  but  I  suspect  it  used  to  be  sung  when  the 
party  of  seekers  were  setting  out  in  search  ol 
the  wren,  which  they  wanted  for  the  Twelfth- 
night. 

The  wren  here  is  generally  called,  by  the  com 
mon  people,  "  cutty  wron,"  or  "  cutty  wran." 

Query.  What  are  the  meanings  of  the  words 
"  millder  "  and  "  malder  "  ?  J.  TOMBS. 


FLY-LEAF  SCRIBBLINGS,  ETC. 
In  a  MS.  circa  1450:  — 

"  Qua?  librura  scripsit  ipsum 
Videat  in  patria  Jesum  Christum. 

Amen." 
In  a  Salisbury  book,  1527  :  — 

"  Mi  bewte  ys  fayr  ye  may  well  see 
Wherfor  I  y»nke  mi" mast'  Dygbe 
Whersomever  ye  me  see  or  happyn  to  mette 
I  dwel  w1  mi  master  Dygbe  in  Lym  Strette 
Wheresomever  I  am  in  vilage  towne  or  cite 
Mi  dwellyng  is  in  Lyme  Stretwith  mi  master  digbe 
Pore  pepull  for  mi  master  digbe  doth  py  (pray) 
For  he  refreshyt  them  both  night  and  day 
Many  a  poore  body  ye  may  here  see 

Pray  for  that  ma mi  master  digbe 

Mi  master  digbe  is  of  London  noble  cite 
Wherein  I  was  made  &  had  mi  fayre  bewte 
Poor  men  &  rich  men  of  evrv  degree 
Is  bound  to  pray  for  mi  master  Digbe 
Whosoever  in  me  doth  look  &  rede 
Pray  for  mi  master  Digbe— God  be  hys  spede 
Mi  master  digbe  dwellethe  in  Lyme  Strett 
Wher  mony  a  noble  marchand  there  doth  mette." 

Time  of  Elizabeth  — 

"  Omnipotens  Christe 
Mihi  Salter  cui  constat  liber  iste 

Dignare 
Dogmata  plura  dare." 

"Si  tibi  copia  —  si  sapientia  formaque  detur, 
Sola  superbia  destruit  omnia  si  dominetur." 

The  following,  from  a  book  formerly  belonging 

to  the  celebrated  John  Dey,  the  astrologer: 

"  In  Dei  Nomine  Amen. 

The  thirde  day  of  December  a«  Dm   1576.   I.  Thomas 
Watson  of  Walton  in  the  county  of ." 


Then  follows,  in  the  same  hand  — 
"When  ye  hande  shaketh  memento 
When  ye  lippes  blacketh  confessio 
When  ye  harte  paineth  contrissio  [sic.] 
When  ye  winde  wanteth  satisfactio 
WThen  ye  voise  roleth  mei  miserere 
When  ye  limmes  fayletb  libera  nos  domine 
When  ye  eyes  holloweth  nosce  teipsum 
For  ther  doth  forbere(?)  vade  ad  judicium." 

I  will  conclude  this  with  an  acrostic  hymn 
where  I  copied  it  I  quite  forget :  — 
"I    llustrator  mentium 
E  rector  lapsorum 
S   anctificator  cordium 
V  itajustorum 
S   alus  peccatorum 

"M  ater  orphanorum 
A  djutrix  lapsorum 
R  efugium  miserorum 
I    lluminatrix  csecorum 
A  dvocata  peccatorum." 

J.  C.  J. 


THE  NEWTON  STONE. 

In  reading  Dr.  D.  Wilson's  interesting  work  on 
the  Pre-historic  Annals  of  Scotland,  I  was  struck 
with  the  resemblance  of  the  inscription  on  the 
Newton  stone  (vol.  ii.  p.  214,)  to  those  of  certain 
rocks  in  North-west  India.  It  appears  that  Col. 
Sykes  also  detected  the  similarity.  In  short,  the 
letters  —  the  powers  of  which  are  well  known,  and 
with  the  appearance  of  which  I  am  familiar  —  are 
almost  precisely  those  of  the  Arian  variety  en- 
graved on  the  sepulchral  stones  of  the  topes,  and 
'n  other  Buddhistic  inscriptions  found  in  Affghan- 
stan,  the  ancient  Ariana.  The  characters  are 
cnown  as  the  Arian  or  Bactrian,  and  are  closely 
related  to  the  Phoenician.  The  letter  like  O  is, 
icwever,  not  in  the  Arian  ;  but  in  the  Phoenician 
t  has  the  power  of  the  Hebrew  ayin,  y.  There 
s  one  word,  at  the  end  of  the  fourth  line,  which 
s  in  the  Lit  character  —  the  oldest  form  of  San- 
scrit :  this  word  is  Nesher. 

Having  so  clear  a  clue,  I  readily  wrote  the 
whole  inscription  in  equivalent  Hebrew  letters, 
,hus  :  — 


mn 
jny  -oy  -aw  rm 


In  English  letters,  thus :  — 

Begababa 
domiti  babeth 
zuth  Ab-ham-howha 
min  phi  Nesher 
chii  cam  an 
sh'p'ha  joati  hodhi. 


V.  FEB.  6,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


Ill 


It  will  be  observed  that  the  lines  are  arranged 
in  measure :  three  lines  of  four  syllables,  and 
three  of  five. 

The  words  are  unmistakably  Hebrew,  with 
Chaldaic  admixture,  as  in  the  word  man  (l^D)  ; 
and  the  literal  rendering  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  Silently  I  rest  in  the  tomb  ;*  Ab-ham-howha'f 
is  in  the  home  of  splendour.  From  the  mouth 
(or  doctrine)  of  Nesher,  \  my  life  was  as  an  over- 
flowing vessel ;  my  wisdom  was  my  glory." 

The  word  Nrsher  being  inscribed  in  the  ancient 
Sanscrit  character,  employed  by  the  early  Bud- 
dhists, indicates  that  the  person  so  named  was  an 
ancient  teacher  of  the  doctrines  of  Buddha,  from 
the  first  seat  of  Buddhism ;  and  that  the  person 
commemorated  on  this  sepulchral  stone,  as  one 
instructed  by  this  teacher,  was  himself  a  Buddhist 
missionary. 

The  fact  that  we  find  an  inscription  in  the 
Arian  and  Lat  character  of  India,  known  to  be 
Buddhistic,  on  a  tombstone  of  very  early  date  in 
such  a  place,  is  sufficient  proof  that  a  Buddhist 
colony  was  established  there  at  the  time  of  its 
erection.  The  form  of  the  letters  in  the  word 
Nesher,  is  certainly  that  of  the  Sanscrit  of  the 
fifth  century  B.C. 

From  Buddhistic  history  we  know  that,  soon 
after  the  death  of  Godama  Buddha,  or  Sakya,  mis- 
sionaries went  out  in  all  directions  to  promulgate 
his  doctrines.  This  occurred  about  five  hundred 
years  B.C.  Northern  mythology  plainly  indicates 
its  connection  with  India  and  Buddhism. 

But  the  most  interesting  circumstance  is  the 
Hebrew  character  of  the  inscription  on  the 
Newton  stone,  though  the  letters  themselves  re- 
semble those  in  use  in  North-western  India  at 
the  period  of  Buddhist  ascendency,  and  both  the 
ancient  Sanscrit  form  of  letter  and  that  of  the 
Arian  are  found  together  in  several  instances  on 
the  same  rock,  as  transcripts  of  the  same  inscrip- 
tion and  in  the  same  language. 

How  can  an  inscription,  presenting  examples 
of  both  those  forms  of  letters,  and  expressing 
Hebrew  words,  and  found  in  Scotland,  be  ac- 
counted for?  There  are  numerous  evidences 
that  many  of  the  Israelites,  especially  those  of  the 
Ten  Tribes,  wandered  from  the  place  of  their 
captivity  into  Bactria  and  North-western  India, 
and  there  became  Buddhists.  Traces  of  such 
persons  are  found  in  several  parts  of  Europe,  but 
especially  in  Great  Britain ;  where  an  extensive 
Hebrew  influence,  and  yet  not  Jewish,  was  cer- 
tainly established  at  a  very  early  period.  Among 
the  several  facts  connecting  this  Hebrew  influ- 
ence in  Britain  with  Buddhism,  is  a  singular  pas_- 

*  333,  mound,  tumulus  or  vault. 

I  take  this  to  be  adopted  as  a  proper  name,  signi- 
fying father  of  a  wrong- doing  or  perverse  people. 
I  Nesher,  in  Hebrew,  means  an  eagle. 


sage  quoted  by  the  Rev.  E.  Davies,  in  his  work 
on  the  Mythology  of  the  British  Druids  (Appen- 
dix, No.  12).  The  passage  consists  of  four  short 
lines,  which  Mr.  Davies  suspected  might  be 
Hebrew  ;  in  consequence  of  Taliessin,  the  Welsh 
bard,  having  stated  that  the  bardic  lore  was  de- 
rived from  a  Hebrew  or  Hebraic  source.  The 
lines  referred  to  are  in  an  ancient  Druidical  hymn 
in  praise  of  Lludd  the  Great  (  Welsh  Archaeology, 
p.  74).  These  lines  are  described  as  the  prayer 
of  five  hundred  men,  who  came  in  five  ships. 
Mr.  Davies  transcribed  the  passage  in  Hebrew 
characters,  but  did  not  attempt  to  translate  it. 
When  literally  rendered,  however,  even  from  Mr. 
Davies's  transliteration,  it  makes  very  <rood  Bud- 
dhistic sense.  The  Hebrew  source  of  this  passage 
is  further  indicated  by  the  fact,  that  those  who 
used  it  are  represented  as  saying :  "  We  all  at- 
tend upon  Adonai," — the  Hebrew  name  of  the 
Almighty. 

The  Dannaan  of  Irish  tradition  are  not  un- 
likely to  have  been  Israelites  of  the  sailor-tribe 
Dan,  who  very  early  mingled  with  the  maritime 
population  of  Zidonia  (see  Deborah's  Song,  &c.). 
Dr.  Latham  thinks  it  probable  that  the  Danai  of 
Homer,  &c.,  were  Danites.  (JEthn.  of  Europe, 
p.  137.) 

If  the  Dannaan  of  the  Irish  were  Danites,  we 
can  account  for  the  presence  of  Hebrews  in  Scot- 
land during  the  pre-historic  period  :  for,  as  we 
are  informed,  the  Tuatha  de  Dannaan  introduced 
their  monuments  into  Scotland,  Ireland,  and 
Wales,  long  before  the  Christian  era. 

Then,  as  Great  Britain  was  known  to  India 
before  the  death  of  Godama,  we  can  understand 
how  Israelitish  converts  to  Buddhism  there  might 
also  know  that  Hebrew  colonists  dwelt  in  Britain, 
and  desire  to  join  them ;  and,  according  to  the 
zeal  of  the  time,  introduce  Buddhism. 

From  the  direct  reading  of  the  Newton  stone, 
as  well  as  from  collateral  evidence,  there  is  then 
reason  to  conclude  that  it  was  erected  to  the 
memory  of  a  Hebrew  Buddhist  missionary  of 
some  influence  in  pre-historic  Scotland.  The 
inscription  in  the  Ogham  character,  on  the  same 
stone,  is  possibly  a  transcript  in  the  same  or  an- 
other language,  and  may  serve  to  test  the  cor- 
rectness of  the  reading  thus  confidently  offered. 
•  Can  you  favour  me  with  information  concern- 
ing any  other  northern  inscription  in  the  same 
character?  And  also  inform  me,  where  I  may 
find  a  copy  of  the  Ogham  inscription  on  the  New- 
ton stone  ?  Is  there  any  published  explanation 
of  the  Ogham  alphabet  ? 

GBO.  MOORE,  M.D. 

Hastings. 


112 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  FEB.  6,  '64. 


CARDINAL  BETON  AND  ABCHBISHOP  GAWIN 
DUNBAR.— In  the  book  of  protocols  or  notarial 
instruments  before  the  Reformation  kept  by  nota- 
ries public,  occasionally  valuable  facts  are  re- 
corded. Very  many  of  these  books  have  perished, 
but  still  there  are  several  yet  preserved.  In 
looking  over  certain  extracts  from  the  Protocols 
of  Cuthbert  Simon,  the  following  entries  occur : 

"  Jacobus  secundus  Archiepiscopus  Glasguensis  Ordi- 
natus  et  consecratus  fuit  apud  Striviling  dominica  in 
albis,  viz.  xv  Aprilis,  anno  M,  quinquagesimo  nono  et 
duravit  usque  ad  quintum  junii  anno  xxiij  et  sedes 
turn  vacavit  per  translationem  ejus  ad  Archiepiscopatum 
Sancti  Andree. 

"  Jacobus  quartus  Scotorum  rex  coronatus  fuit  apud 
Sconara  in  die  Sanctas  Maria?  Magdalene  videlicet  -xxij 

"  Jacobus  quintus  coronatus  fuit  in  castro  de  Striviling 
per  Jacobum  Glasguensem  Archiepiscopum  xxij  Sep- 
tembris,  Anno  Domini  M,  quinquagesimo  xiij. 

"  Gawinus  Archiepiscopus  Giasguensis  consecratus  fuit, 
Edinburgi  quinta  Februarii,  Anno  Domini  M,  quinquages- 
imo xxxiiij." 

The  first  prelate  here  mentioned  was  the  cele- 
brated Cardinal  Beaton,  whose  hostility  to  the 
English  interest  was  the  foundation  of  all  the  mis- 
fortunes of  the  unhappy  Mary.  Had  she  been 
affianced  to  the  youthful  Edward,  and  received  a 
virtuous  education  in  England,  instead  of  having 
her  youth  corrupted  by  the  vicious,  wicked,  and 
immoral  practices  of  the  French  Court,  her  fate 
would  have  been  otherwise  than  it  was;  but 
under  the  training  of  Catherine  de  Medici  —  a 
worse  woman  than  even  her  namesake  of  Russia — 
and  with  the  example  of  Diana  of  Poictiers,  the 
king's  mistress,  before  her,  whose  pet  she  was  — 
how  was  it  possible  that  the  best  disposition  in 
the  world  could  escape  contamination  ? 

Beton  was  the  second  James ;  the  first  was 
James  Bruce,  a  son  of  Bruce  of  Clackmanan, 
Archbishop  of  Glasgow.  Keith  was  not  aware 
when  or  where  he  was  consecrated.  See  Scotish 
Bishops,  Edin.  1824,  8vo,  p.  255. 

Gawinus  was  Gavin  Dunbar,  a  nephew  of 
Gavin  Dunbar,  Bishop  of  Aberdeen.  He  was  an 
accomplished  man,  and  the  education  of  James  V. 
was  entrusted  to  him.  He  was  Prior  of  White- 
haven  in  Galloway.  J.  M. 

MENDELSSOHN'S  ORATORIO,  "  ST.  PAUL."  —  It 
is  always  desirable  that  any  erroneous  statement 
of  fact,  particularly  when  contained  in  a  work 
carrying  on  its  face  an  appearance  of  authority, 
should  be  pointed  out  as  soon  as  possible.  In 
the  recently  published  volume  of  Letters  of  Felix 
Mendelssohn  Bartholdy,  there  is  appended  to  a 
letter  written  by  Mendelssohn  to  his  mother  on 
October  4,  1837,  in  which  he  refers  to  the  Musical 
Festival  held  at  Birmingham  in  that  year  (at 
which  he  had  conducted  his  oratorio,  St.  Paul),  a 
note  by  the  editors,  Mendelssohn's  brother  and 
cousin,  stating  that  St.  Paul  was  performed  for 


the  first  time  in  England  at  that  festival.  ^  This 
note  has  been  retained,  without  comment,  in  the 
English  translation  (by  Lady  Wallace)  of  the 
Letters.  But  the  statement  is  incorrect,  as  there  • 
had  been  three  performances  of  the  oratorio  in 
England  prior  to  that  at  the  Birmingham  Fes- 
tival on  September  20,  1837.  The  first  of  these 
performances  was  at  the  Liverpool  Musical  Fes- 
tival, under  the  direction  of  Sir  George  Smart, 
on  Friday  morning,  October  7,  1836  ;  the  second 
was  in  London,  by  the  Sacred  Harmonic  Society, 
on  March  7,  1837,  and  the  third  by  the  same  . 
body  on  September  12,  in  that  year.  The  com- 
poser was  present,  as  an  auditor,  at  the  latter 
performance,  which  he  would  have  conducted, 
but  for  the  interference  of  the  Birmingham  Fes- 
tival Committee,  who  considered  that  his  doing 
so  would  have  been  a  virtual  breach  of  his  en- 
gagement with  them.  He  had,  however,  super- 
intended three  of  the  rehearsals,  and  it  was  in 
remembrance  of  his  association  with  the  Society 
on  this  occasion  that  the  silver  snuff-box  men- 
tioned by  him  in  the  letter  of  October  4,  1837, 
was  presented  to  him.  W.  H.  HUSK. 

EASTER. — In  The  Chronology  of  History,  by 
Sir  Harris  Nicolas  (at  pp.  88—91),  a  rule  is  given 
for  finding  Easter,  independently  of  all  tables. 
The  rule  as  printed  is  incorrect,  and  gives  an 
erroneous  result  when  G  is  the  Sunday  letter, 
and  the  epact  is  either  6,  13,  20,  or  29.  The 
error  occurs  in  subdivision  (g)  of  the  rule,  p.  89. 
It  should  provide  that,  when  subdivision  (/)  gives 
no  remainder,  G  is  the  Sunday  letter;  and  the 
number  under  G  should  be,  not  7,  but  0.  For 
instance,  in  the  year  1849,  the  epact  was  6 ;  and 
G  was  Sunday  letter,  and  Easter  fell  on  April  8. 
Applying  the  rule  as  printed,  it  should  have 
fallen  on  April  15.  Thus,  under  subdivision  (w), 
45-6=39.  Under  subdivision  (o),  27-6=21; 
which,  divided  by  7,  gives  no  remainder.  Then 
by  subdivision  (jo),  to  39  must  be  added  7,  and 
no  remainder  is  given  by  subdivision  (o)  to  be 
deducted.  46—31=15,  the  day  of  April  on  which 
Easter  did  not  fall  in  that  year. 

DIALECTS  or  THE  SUBURBS.  —  My  engagements 
in  London,  and  my  residence  in  the  direction  of 
Highgate,  necessitate  a  diurnal  transition  from 
end  to  end,  between  Kentish  Town  and  the  Ox- 
ford Street  extremity  of  Tottenham  Court  Road. 
These  daily  journeys  by  omnibus,  up  and  down, 
have  brought  me  into  acquaintance  with  some 
extraordinary  specimens  of  suburban  dialect.  / 
Allow  me  to  place  on  record  in  "  N.  &  Q."  a 
few  examples,  not  only  for  the  amusement  of  your 
readers,  but  as  evidences  of  that  modification  and 
disguisement,  whereof  our  pliable  vernacular  has 
always  shown  itself  so  susceptible. 

Three  Busses.  Cads  vociferate  —  "  Addle-head 
tav'rn  !  "  tf  Break-neck  awms  !  "  "  Iguy till !  " 


3'i  S.  V.  FEB.  6,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


113 


«  Rekkap  !  "  "  Geddish  Down  !  "  Whereby 
please  to  understand  —  Adelaide  Tavern  ;  Breck- 
nock Arms ;  Highgate  Hill ;  Red  Cap  ;  Kentish 
Town. 

Here  the  news-boys  interpose,  with  a  phraseology 
of  their  own  — "  Heaving  Staw  !  "  Dillitilli- 
grawph!"  "Heaving  Stann'rd!"  "Imbortint- 
frummimerrikey  !  "  "  Litterfr'm  Man  Hadd'n  !  " 
— Evening  Star;  Daily  Telegraph ;  Evening  Stan- 
dard ;  Important  from  America;  Letter  from 
Manhattan. 

Here  a  cad  shouts—" Full  inside !  "  "I  vish  I 
vos  !  "  responds  a  hungry  loafer  from  the  footway. 
"  I  owney  vish  /  vos !  " 

In  the  morning  this  is  altered — "Full  inside  !" 
cries  the  cad.  To  whom  sarcastically  replies  the 
driver  of  a  rival  bus  —  "Hope  yer  injoyed  yer 
brekfast !  "  SCHIN. 

SWORD -BLADE  INSCRIPTIONS.— The  columns  of 
your  interesting  and  valuable  journal  have,  from 
time  to  time  recorded,  for  the  amusement  of  its 
readers,  quaint  inscriptions  on  sundials  and  on 
bells.  Permit  me  to  send  you  two  curious  mot- 
toes, which  were  found  on  sword  blades,  and 
communicated  to  me  by  Mr.  Latham,  of  the  firm 
of  Wilkinson  &  Co.,  the  eminent  sword-makers  in 
Pall  Mall.  The  first  is  from  an  old  Spanish  blade, 
and  runs  thus :  — 

"  Non  ti  fidar  di  me  se  il  Cor  te  manca." 
"  Trust  not  to  me  if  thy  heart  fail  thee  "  — • 
and  the  second  is  from  a  Gascon  sword  :  — 

"  Si  mon  bras  redoutable  estoit  arme  de  ce  Fer.   ' 
J'attaquerois  le  Diable  au  milieu  de  1'Enfer." 

W.  F.  H. 

SOURCE  OF  THE  NILE. — The  following  note  may 
be  interesting  at  the  present  time  :  — 

"  November,  1668. 

"  At  a  Meeting  of  the  Council  of  the  Royal  Society  of 
London  for  Improving  Natural  Knowledge : 
"  Ordered,  that  these  documents  be  printed. 

"BROUNKER,  Pres." 

The  discourses  were  printed  accordingly,  with 
the  following  title  :  — 

"  A  Short  Relation  of  the  River  Nile,  of  its  Source  and 
Current,  &c.,  &c.  London :  printed  for  John  Martyn, 
printer  to  the  Royal  Society ;  and  are  to  be  sold  at  the 
sign  of  The  Bell,  without  Temple  Bar,  1669." 

In  this  little  book,  which  I  have  recently  been 
reading,  there  is  a  wonderful  resemblance  in  the 
description  of  the  source  of  the  .Nile,  and  that 
which  has  been  lately  read  before  the  Royal  So- 
ciety. SEPTIMUS  PIESSE,  F.C.S. 

THE  PRINCESS  DE  LAMBALLE.  —  It  will  be 
remembered  by  the  readers  of  French  History, 
that  one  of  the  most  horrible  atrocities  of  the 
Reign  of  Terror  was  the  murder  of  this  unfor- 
princess  in  1793.  After  death,  the  remains  were 
subject  to  the  greatest  indignities,  and  the  head 
carried  upon  a  pike  through  the  streets  of  Paris. 


A  question  has  been  raised  since  as  to  what  be- 
came of  the  head  after  the  mob  had  satiated  their 
fury  by  its  public  exhibition.  A  late  number  of 
Galignani  sets  the  question  at  rest  by  the  publi- 
cation of  a  document  which  has  been  lately  dis- 
posed of  at  a  sale  of  autographs  in  the  Rue  Drouet. 
The  document  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  Section  of  the  15.20.  Permanent  Committee.  Sep- 
tember 3rd.  Year  IV.  of  Liberty,  and  I.  of  Equality. 
Citizen  Jacques  Pointal  of  the  Corn  Market,  69  Rue  des 
Petits  Champs,  applied  to  the  Committee  for  permission 
to  inter  the  head  of  the  ci-devant  Princess  de  Lamballe, 
which  he  had  succeeded  in  obtaining  possession  of.  As 
the  patriotism  and  humanity  of  the  said  citizen  could 
not  but  be  commended,  we  immediately  proceeded  to  the 
cemetery  of  Enfants-Trouve's,  near  the  place  where  our 
Committee  met,  and  within  our  section,  where  we  had 
the  said  head  buried,  and  we  have  given  the  present  act 
to  serve  the  said  citizen  as  a  discharge  and  authorization. 
Done  by  the  Committee,  in  the  above-mentioned  day 
and  year.— DESEQUELLK,  Commissioner  of  the  15.20." 

T.  B. 


ANCIENT  SEALS. 

I  have  a  cast  of  the  fine  old  seal  of  the  borough 
of  Stamford,  the  matrix  of  which,  I  believe,  is 
preserved  in  the  Museum  of  the  Society  of  Anti- 
quaries, London.  Its  relief  is  very  high,  and  its 
workmanship  singularly  beautiful.  The  device  is 
the  Virgin  and  Child,  seated  under  a  rich  canopy, 
with  a  praying  figure  beneath,  the  legend  appa- 
rently being,  "  Stavnford  .  Bvrgenses  .  Virgo  . 
Fvndvnt  .  Tibi  .  Preces."  From  its  having  four 
projecting  hinges,  similar  to  those  on  King  Ed- 
ward's double  staple  seals,  I  feel  alnjost  satisfied 
that  this  is  only  one  side  of  the  ancient  double 
seal  of  Stamford.  If  I  am  correct  as  to  this,  is 
the  other  side  of  the  matrix  still  in  existence,  or 
are  impressions  from  it  still  extant  ? 

I  have  also  copies  from  the  seals  now  used  by 
the  Boroughs  of  Glastonbury,  and  Bury-St.- 
Edmund's/but  both  are  very  small  and  modern, 
the  former  having  for  device  a  mitre  in  front  of 
two  crossed  croziers  on  a  shield,  with  the  legend, 
"  Floreat  Ecclesia  Anglie ; "  and  the  latter,  a 
crest  merely  of  the  wolf  with  its  paw  resting  on 
the  crowned  head  of  the  martyred  king,  with 
motto  of  "  Bvry .  Sci .  Edi."  As  both  of  these 
towns  once  possessed  ancient  and  striking  seals,  I 
would  like  greatly  to  ascertain  where  casts  from 
them  are  to  be  procured. 

Seal-engraving  appears  to  be  almost  a  lost  art 
for  the  last  300  years,  as  the  high  relief,  beauty 
of  design,  and  richness  of  execution  of  even  the 
smallest  seals  up  to  that  period  contrasts  forcibly 
with  such  as  have  been  executed  since  then,  es- 
pecially with  the  more  recent  examples.  There 
are  some  exceptions,  I  must  acknowledge,  to  this 


114 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 


S.  V.  FEB.  6,  '64. 


sad  decadence,  but  they  are  far  from  being  nu- 
merous. Can  any  reason  be  assigned  why  seals 
cannot  now  apparently  be  engraved  in  the  bold 
and  beautiful  manner  in  which  this  was  done  four 
or  five  centuries  ago? 

My  collection  of  English  municipal  seals  is  now 
a   very  extensive  one,  mainly  through  the  kind 
facilities  afforded  by  your  columns,  but  I  have 
long  been  desirous  to  obtain  some  of  the  older 
seals  of  cities  and  towns,  which  I  yet  want,  to 
render   it  as   complete    as    possible.      I   beg   to 
name  those  above  referred  to,  also   the    doubl 
seals,  now   used,    of   the  cities   of   London  anc 
Dublin;   the    double    seals   of  the   boroughs  o 
Shaftesbury,  Southampton,  and  New  Shoreham 
the    1589  seal   of  the  city  of  Winchester;    th 
ancient  seals  of  Hereford  and  Northampton  ;  and 
those  now  used  by  New  Windsor  and  Queen- 
borough.     To  those  I  would  add  two  ecclesias- 
tical examples,  viz.,  the  singularly  beautiful  seals 
of  Christ  Church,,  Canterbury,  and   of  Thomas 
Arundel,  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  1396—1414. 
You  know  my  address,  and  should  any  readers 
of  "  N.  &  Q."  communicate  with  me,  and  kindly 
favour  me  with  gutta-percha  casts  of  all  or  any 
of  the   seals  I  have  named,  I  would  gladly  re- 
ciprocate the  obligation  out  of  my  own  very  ex 
tensive  collection  of  mediaeval  seals.  E.  C. 


AUTHOR  WANTED. — 

"  This  world's  a  good  world  to  live  in, 

To  lend  and  to  spend  and  to  give  in ; 
But  to  beg  or  to  borrow,  or  ask  for  one's  own, 
'Tis  the  very  worst  world  that  ever  was  known." 

It  was  ^bought  by  a  friend  to  be  Sheridan's ; 
he  has,  however,  searched  his  works  without  suc- 
cess-*  K.  R.  C. 

MR.  DANIEL  CAMPBELL.— Any  information  will 
be  gratefully  received  respecting  "  Mr.  Daniel 
Campbell,  Minister  of  the  Gospel,"  author  of 
Sacramental  Meditations  on  the  Sufferings  and 
Death  of  Christ.  The  seventh  edition,  published 
in  1723,  is  dedicated  to  Archibald,  Duke  of  Ar- 
gyle,  with  a  preliminary  letter,  also  addressed 
To  my  own  Flock,  and  Parishioners  of  the 
Parishes  of  Kilmichael  of  Glasrie,  Killimire  and 
Lochgear."  C.  W.  BINGHAM. 

CHESS.— Has  not  at  last  a  copy  been  discovered 
of  Vicent,  Libre  dehjochs,  partilis,  #r.,  1495  ? 
According  to  the  Illustrated  London  News,  No. 
833,  a  rumour  to  this  purport  was  afloat  some 
years  ago.  Was  ever  a  reply  published  by  the 
writer  of  the  Essay  on  Persian  Chess  (N.  Bland, 
Esq.),  or  in  bis  behalf,  to  the  critical  remarks  of 

[*  This  quotation,  with  variorum  readings,  was  in- 
quired after  unsuccessfully  in  our  1«  S.  ii.  71,  102,  156.- 


Prof.  Duncan  Forbes,  1860,  in  The  History  of 
Chess  ?    Did  nothing  more  appear  about  this  sub- 
ject ?  COLON  N  A. 
Groningen. 

THE  COMET  or  1581.  —  Reading  lately  Bret- 
schneider's  Collection  of  Melancthon  s  Letters,  in 
four  quarto  volumes,  I  came  upon  the  following 
notice  of  a  comet,  which  may  be  interesting  to 
some  readers.  It  is  in  a  letter  of  Melancthon  to 
Camerarius,  of  date  August  18,  1531  :  — 

"Vidimus  Cometen,  qui  per  dies  amplius  decem 
jam  se  ostendit  in  occasu  Solstitiali.  Videtur  autem 
super  Cancrum  aut  extremam  Geminorum  partem  posi- 
tus.  Nam  occidit  post  solem  horis  fere  duabus ;  et  mane 
paulo  ante  solis  ortum  in  oriente  prodit ;  ita  cum  coelo 
circumagitur,  proprium  motum  quern  habeat  quaerimus. 
Est  autem  colore  candido,  nisi  si  quando  nubes  eum  pal- 
lidiorem  reddunt.  Caudam  vertit  versus  Orientem.  Mihi 
quidem  videtur  minari  his  nostris  regionibus,  et  prope- 
modum  ad  ortum  meridianum  vertere  caudam.  Non 
vidi  ante  cometen  ullum,  et  descriptiones  hoc  non  diserte 
exprimunt.  Erigit  caudam  supra  reliquum  corpus.  Qui- 
dam  affirmant  esse  ex  illo  genere  quoa  vocat  Plinius 
£i<£icty,  quia  sit  acuta  cauda.  Id  ego  non  potui  oculis 
judicare.  Quasso  te  ut  mihi  scribas  an  apud  vos  etiam 
conspectus  sit ;  quod  non  opinor ;  distat  enim  a  terra  vix 
duobus  gradibus ;  si  tamen  conspectus  est,  describe  dili- 
genter,  et  quid  judicet  Schonerus,  significato."  (Vol.  ii. 
p.  518.) 

In  a  second  letter  to  Camerarius,  of  date  Sept. 
9,  he  remarks  :  — 

"  Cometen  hie  judicavimus  a  Cancro  ad  Libram  usque, 
proprio  motu  vectum  esse.  Quanquam  autem  in  Libra 
nunc  est  Jupiter,  tamen  illius  motus  causam  existimant 
Martis  motum  esse,  qui  nunc  ab  Arcto  discedit.  Et  plane- 
tas  cometse  sequuntur,  ut  scis."  (/&.  p.  537.) 

Melancthon  at  this  time  was  in  Thuringia,  I 
think  in  Erfurt.  I  believe  there  is  a  letter  of 
Luther  regarding  this  same  comet,  but  I  cannot 
lay  my  hand  on  it.  There  was  a  comet  in  1527, 
on  which  Gerhard  (Gerhardus  Novimagus)  wrote 
a  treatise ;  and  how  did  it  happen  that  Melanc- 
thon had  not  seen  it  ?  H.  B. 

CHAWORTH  OR  CADURCIS  :  HESDENE. — Who  was 

Sybilla  de  Chaworth,  wife  of  Walter  d'Evreux, 
and  mother  of  Patrick,  Earl  of  Salisbury  ?  "  Pat- 
rick de  Cadurcis  or  Chaworth,  and  Maud  his  wife, 
testified  and  confirmed  by  their  deed  all  dona- 
tions made  by  their  children,"  &c.  Of  what 
family  was  this  Maud  ?  Temp.  Edw.  I.  we  find 
that  "  Maude  de  Chawarde  held  the  Vill  of  Etlawe, 
co.  Gloucr." 

On  what  authority  do  the  Scropes  *  quarter 
the  arms  of  Chaworth  ?  Several  of  the  posses- 
sions of  Ernulphde  Hesdene  in  Somersetshire  and 
Gloucestershire  are  found  (temp.  Wm.  Rufus)  to  j 
)e  the  property  of  Patrick  de  Chaworth.  Rud- 
der (Hist.  Gloucestershire,  p.  510),  says  Hesdene  ] 
conveyed  Kempsford,  and  adds,  under  "Hatherop," 


It  does  not  appear  to  me  that  the  Tiptoffs,  through 
whom  (apparently)  the  Scropes  claim  this  right,  were 
ustly  entitled  to  it. 


3'd  S.  V.  FKB.  6,  '64. ] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


115 


that  that  manor  "probably  passed  to  the  Cha- 
worths  at  the  same  time." 

Collinson  (Hist.  Som.  i.  160),  states  that  some 
hides  in  Western,  formerly  the  property  of  Hes- 
dene,  were  in  the  possession  (temp.  Wm.  Rufus) 
of  Patrick  de  Cadurcis;  "but  how  he  (Hesdene) 
parted  with  his  estate  does  not  appear." 

Is  there  any  authority  for  Rudder's  statement, 
or  did  he  not,  from  the  fact  of  the  manors  in 
question  being  found  afterwards  in  the  possession 
of  Chaworth,  conjecture  that  they  were  conveyed 
by  Hesdene  ?  Does  it  not  seem  that  Chaworth 
became  possessed  of  this  property  in  right  of  his 
wife  Maud,  who  might  have  been  a  sister  or  daugh- 
ter of  Hesdene  ? 

I  may  add,  that  I  have  reasons  for  doubting  the 
accuracy  of  a  pedigree  of  Hesdene  inserted  in 
Burke's  Visitation  of  Seats  and  Arms.  H.  S.  G. 

OLIVER  DE  DURHEN,  ETC. — In  vol.  ii.  p.  63,  of 
a  publication  of  the  year  1742,  entitled  Antiquities 
of  the  Abbey  Church,  Westminster,  and  under  the 
head  of  "  Monuments  to  remarkable  Persons 
Buried  in  that  Church,"  it  mentions  that  next  to 
the  monument  of  King  Henry  III.  is  one  of  "  Oli- 
ver de  Durden,  a  Baron  of  England,  and  brother 
of  King  Henry  III." 

Query. — 1.  What  was  the  name  of  his  mother, 
and  was  he  a  half-brother  of  King  Henry  III.  ? 
I  cannot  obtain  the  information  from  Rapin  or 
the  other  historians  of  that  period. 

2.  Is  there  any  book  or  record  in  which  the 
names  of  Henry  III.'s  barons  are  given  ;  and  if  so, 
where  can  it  be  seen  ?  ANTIQUARY. 

GRUMBOLD  PI  OLD.  —  One  of  the  three  manors 
in  the  parish  of  Hackney  has  this  name.  It  for- 
merly belonged  to  the  vicars  of  the  old  church, 
and  the  tradition  is  they  were  so  severe  in  exact- 
ing their  fines,  and  there  was  such  dissatisfaction 
and  grumbling  among  the  tenants  in  consequence, 
that  it  acquired  the  nickname  of  Grumble  Hold. 
Surely,  if  this  were  the  case,  no  lord  or  steward  of 
a  manor  would  have  chosen  to  place  such  a  name 
at  the  very  head  of  each  Court  Roll.  May  it  not 
rather  be  St.  Grumbold's  or  St.  Rumbold's 
Manor?  The  name  is  a  corruption  of  Rumual- 
dus.  Hasted  (Hist,  of  Kent,  in.  p.  380)  says  that 
the  fishermen  of  Folkestone  used  to  make  a  feast  of 
whitings  every  Christmas  Eve,  and  call  it  "Rum- 
bold  Night."  The  old  church  at  Hackney  is 
sometimes  called  that  of  St.  John,  and  sometimes 
of  St.  Augustine.  Any  further  information  would 
oblige.  A.  A. 

Poets  Corner. 

DR.  HILL  :  PETITION  OP  I.  — In  1759,  Dr.  Hill 
wrote  a  pamphlet,  entitled  To  David  Garrick, 
Esq.,  the  Petition  of  I,  on  behalf  of  herself  and 
Sinters.  ^  The  purport  was  to  charge  Mr.  Garrick 
with  mispronouncing  some  words,  including  the 
letter  i,  as  furm  for  firm,  vurtue  for  virtue"  and 


others.  The  pamphlet  is  now  forgotten.  (Dra- 
matic Table-Talk,  ii.  144,  Lond.  1825.)  What 
pronunciation  did  Dr.  Hill  insist  upon  ?  Was  the 
i  \nftrm  and  virtue  ever  sounded  as  in  vinegar,  or 
virulence  9  W.  D. 

HYLA  HOLDEN  of  Wednesbury,  gent.,  born  1719, 
died  1790;  married  in  1745  Elizabeth,  daughter 
of  John  Walford  of  Wednesbury,  gent.  (BaTter, 
Hist.  Northamptonshire,  i.  317.) 

Particulars  of  their  issue  and  descendants  will 
oblige.  Also  any  particulars  of  the  Walford 
family.  H.  S.  G. 

KUSTER'S  DEATH. — In  Monk's  Life  of  Bentley 
(p.  317),  the  following  communication  is  made  in 
a  letter  of  Kuster's  friend,  Wasse  :  — 

"  We  heard  soon  after  that  he  [  Kuster]  had  been 
blooded  five  or  six  times  for  a  fever,  and  that  upon  open- 
ing his  body  there  was  found  a  cake  of  sand  along  the 
lower  region  of  his  belly.  This,  I  take  it,  was  occasioned 
by  his  sitting  nearly  double,  and  writing  on  a  very  low 
table,  surrounded  with  three  or  four  circles  of  books  [for 
his  edition  of  Hesychius  probably]  placed  on  the  ground, 
•which  was  the  situation  we  usually  found  him  in." 

Is  any  reliance  to  be  placed  upon  the  story  of 
the  "  cake  of  sand  along  the  lower  region  of  his 
belly,"  or  is  it  merely  a  case  of  calculus  ? 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

LANTERNS  or  THE  DEAD:  ROUND  TOWERS  or 
IRELAND.  —  In  the  admirable  dictionary  of  M. 
Viollet  le  Due  (vol.  vi.  p.  155)  is  a  very  curious 
account  of  certain  towers  which  are  found  in 
cemeteries  in  the  centre  and  west  of  France,  and 
in  which  formerly  lights  were  burned  at  night  to 
indicate  the  proximity  to  the  last  resting-places  of 
the  dead.  He  states  they  are  also  called  fanal, 
tourniele,  and  pbare.  The  earliest  notice  he  gives 
is  from  an  old  chronicle  of  the  Crusades,  which 
states  :  — 

"Then  died  Saladin  (Salahedins),  the  greatest  prince 
that  there  was  in  Pagandom,  and  was  buried  in  the 
cemetery  of  St.  Nicholas  of  Acre  near  his  mother,  who 
•was  there  very  richly  interred  ;  and  over  them  a  beauti- 
ful and  grand  tower  (une  tourniele  biele  et  grant)  where 
is  night  and  day  a  lamp  full  of  olive  oil,  and  the  hospital 
of  St.  John  of  Acre  pays,  and  causes  it  to  be  lighted,  who 
hold  great  rents  which  Saladin  and  his  mother  left 
them." 

The  author  says,  however,  there  is  a  tradition 
that  they  were  "  menhirs,"  or  erections  of  stone, 
consecrated  to  the  Sun  in  Druidical  times.  He 
gives  illustrations  of  three  of  these  lanterns  of  the 
dead.  They  have  all  a  small  door  raised  some 
distance  above  the  ground,  and  an  opening  or 
window  at  the  top,  where  the  lighted  lamp  was 
exhibited.  One  is  from  Celfrouin  (Charente), 
and  is  like  a  pier  surrounded  by  clustered  columns 
about  six  feet  in  diameter,  and  including  a  sort 
of  conical  top  or  spire  about  forty  feet  high.  The 
mouldings,  &c.,  show  it  to  be  the  work  of  the 
thirteenth  century.  The  second  exists  at  Ciron 
^Indre),  has  a  similar  door,  and  six  lancet  windows 


116 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.-V.  FEB.  6,  '64. 


at  the  top,  and  is  not  more  than  twenty-five  feet 
hiMi,  The  third  is  at  Antony  (Vienne),  and  is 
square  with  small  jamb-shafts  at  the  angles,  and 
is  about  thirty-five  feet  high,  and  seems  also  to  be 
of  the  thirteenth  century.  They  all  stand  on 
flights  of  steps. 

Is  it  possible  that  the  round  towers  of  Ireland 
were  intended  to  serve  as  cemetery  lights  or  lan- 
terns of  the  dead  ?  In  France  these  fanals  seem 
to  be  confined  to  the  Celtic  districts,  and  it  is  not 
impossible  that  the  Celtic  races  in  Ireland  may 
have  seen  and  copied  them.  They  have  the  same 
entrances  a  little  above  ordinary  reach,  the  same 
windows  at  top,  and  the  same  conical  caps.  Could 
any  among  the  French  antiquaries  who  peruse 
"  N.  &  Q."  favour  us  with  some  further  informa- 
tion with  regard  to  these  curious  towers  ?  It  is 
not  impossible  after  all  that  they  may  be  the  means 
of  dispelling  the  mystery  which  has  hung  so  long 
over  the  far-famed  round  towers  of  Ireland. 

A.  A. 

LEIGH  FAMILY  OF  SLAIDBURN,  co.  YORK. —  I 
wish  to  obtain  information  relative  to  the  ancestry 
of  Richard  Leigh,  of  Birkitt,  in  Bolland,  in  the 
county  of  York.  He  was  buried  at  Slaidburn, 
March  1,  1676.  His  wife's  name  was  Jane  ;  I  do 
not  know  her  surname.  They  had  issue  Leonard, 
of  whom  presently  ;  William,  who  married  and 
left  issue;  James,  also  married  and  left  issue; 
Ellin,  married  to  Nicholas  Parkinson,  and  had 
issue  five  sons  and  one  daughter. 

Leonard  Leigh  married  '(May  9,  1657,)  Eliza- 
beth Brigg;  and  had  issue  Richard,  who  was 
father  of  Leonard  Leigh  of  Harrop  Hall,  who  left 
issue  a  daughter  Anne,  married  to  Samuel  Har- 
rison of  Cranage  Hall,  in  the  county  of  Chester. 

The  arms  borne  by  this  family  were  :  A  cross 
ingrailed  ;  arid  in  the  first  quarter,  a  mascle. 

To  any  of  your  correspondents  who  will  favour 
me  with  a  reply,  I  shall  be  happy  to  give  further 
information  as  to  the  descendants  of  the  first- 
mentioned  Richard  Leigh. 

GEOHGE  W.  MARSHALL. 

LITERATI  OF  BERLIN. — 

"  Nothing  could  be  more  second-rate  and  second-hand 
than  the  litterateurs  of  the  court  of  Berlin.  Voltaire  was 
the  only  ahle  man  whom  Frederick  ever  persuaded  to 
join  them :  he  ridiculed  them  and  their  master  as  soon  as 
flattery  ceased  to  he  profitable.  Maupertuis  was  a  small 
astronomer ;  Boyer,  a  pedant,  quoting  Greek  and  Latin, 
which  he  could  not  construe ;  Clairfons,  who  translated 
Dante  into  unreadable  French ;  and  Hersted,  whose  double 
version  of  the  Henriade  might  be  taken  for  a  burlesque. 
Yet  Frederick  was  so  proud  of  these  and  his  other  medi- 
ocrities, that  he  published  a  catalogue  of  them  in  three 
large  volumes." — Notes  made  in  North  Germany,  p.  172, 
London,  1776. 

I  shall  be  glad  to  know  the  full  title  of  the 
Catalogue  in  three  volumes,  and  anything  about 
Clairfons  or  Hersted,  of  whom  I  cannot  find  any 
account.  E.  T.  H. 


MARKING  OF  SADDLES,  ETC.  —  In  an  old  docu- 
ment, of  A.D.  1570,  relating  to  the  bounds  of  a 
forest  and  the  rights  of  certain  owners  of  land 
therein,  it  is  mentioned  that  "  The  servants  of  Sir 
A.  B.  did,  in  the  fence-month,  mark  saddles, 
waynes,  and  carts,  at  certain  gates  and  other 
places  ;"  and  that  "  the  said  marking  was  farmed 
3ut  at  so  much  per  annum."  Can  any  reader  pro- 
duce notices  of  a  similar  custom  in  explanation  ? 

J . 

THE  EMPRESS  MAUD.  — I  have  read  that  a  Life 
of  the  Empress  Maud,  daughter  of  Henry  II.,  was 
written  by  Arnulphus,  Bishop  of  Liseux;  and  that 
it  is  now  in  the  library  of  the  College  of  .Navarre 
at  Paris.  Has  this  life  ever  been  translated  or 
published  ?  G.  P. 

New  York. 

MODEL  OF  EDINBURGH.  — About  twenty  years 
ago  there  was  exhibited,  first  in  Edinburgh,  and 
afterwards  in  Glasgow,  London,  and  other  places, 
a  beautiful  model  in  wood  of  the  city  of  Edin- 
burgh showing  the  Castle,  the  public  buildings, 
and  each  individual  house  in  the  different  streets 
and  squares  with  much  accuracy  and  distinctness. 
It  was,  according  to  my  recollection,  about  twelve 
feet  in  length  and  eight  in  breadth ;  was  very 
elaborate,  and  must  have  taken  long  to  construct, 
being  in  every  respect  most  creditable  to  the 
framer.  It  attracted  considerable  notice  at  the 
time,  and  a  friend  told  me  that,  being  in  the  room 
at  Piccadilly  where  it  was  shown,  the  late  Duke 
of  Wellington  was  among  the  visitors;  and  he 
heard  his  grace  say,  that  his  seeing  this  model  would 
induce  him  to  visit  the  original,  which,  however,  he 
never  did. 

Can  any  of  your  readers  state  whether  this 
piece  of  work  is  still  in  existence,  where  it  is,  and 
who  was  the  artist  ?  J.  R.  B. 

MOTTOES  WANTED.  —  A  company  is  established 
to  supply  Burton-upon-Trent  with  water  from 
Lichfield  and  the  tributaries  of  the  river  above 
that  city :  the  object  is  not  co  supersede  the  use 
of  the  present  Burton  water  in  brewing,  but  to 
economise  it  by  bringing  water  from  another  source 
for  domestic  and  manufacturing  and  other  pur- 
poses, and  also  for  all  other  brewing  purposes  ex- 
cept that  of  making  ale.  Mottoes,  conveying  the 
following  ideas  in  Greek  or  Latin,  especially  from 
classic  authors,  are  requested  :  — 

1.  To  succour,  not  to  supersede. 

2.  We  bring  silver  to  save  gold. 

The  latter  means  that  the  Burton  springs  being 
valuable  as  gold,  we  bring  silver  to  economise  its 
use.  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

Lichfield. 

NEWHAVEN  IN  FRANCE.  —  Dugdale,  in  his 
Baronetage,  under  "  Stourton,"  says  that  William, 
Lord  Stourton,  died  A.D.  1548,  "  being  Deputy- 
General  of  Newhaven,  in  France,  and  the  Marches 


3«l  S.  V.  FEB.  6,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


117 


thereof."  Lord  Stnurton  was  in  command  of  one 
of  Hen.  VIII.'s  fortifications,  near  Boulogne.  Is 
there  any  place  at  or  near  that  town  bearing,  or 
known  to  have  borne,  the  English  name  of  JNew- 
haven  ?  J- 

ORDER  OF  THE  COCKLE  IN  FRANCE.  —  In  the 
Peerage  of  1720,  which  has  already  been  the  sub- 
ject of  a  query  (3rd  S.  ii.  67,  117),  and  which  the 
kindness  of  your  correspondent  G.  enabled  me  to 
identify  as  the  third  edition  of  Francis  Nichol's 
British  Compendium,  the  famous  Sir  James  Hamil- 
ton, Earl  of  Arran,  and  Regent  of  Scotland 
during  the  minority  of  King  .James  V.,  is  said  to 
have  been  "  Knight  of  the  Cockle  in  France." 
This  is  doubtless  "  L'Ordre  de  Chevalerie  du  Na- 
vire,  ou  de  la  Coquille  de  Mer,  institue  en  1269,  par 
S.  Louis,"  in  commemoration  of  a  hazardous  naval 
expedition. 

The  collar  of  the  Order  was  composed  of 
escallop  shells  alternately  with  double  crescents, 
and  their  badge  was  a  ship-rigged  arg.  floating 
upon  waves  of  the  same.  What  were  the  circum- 
stances of  the  hazardous  naval  expedition,  in  com- 
memoration of  which  it  was  instituted  ? 

UlJYTE. 

Cape  Town,  S.  A. 

PROVERB  WANTED.  —  Can  you  tell  me  where  I 
may  find  the  first  mention  of  the  following,  and 
which  is  the  earlier  form  ?  —  "  We  praise  the  food 
as  we  find  it "  ;  and  "  We  praise  the  fool  as  we 
find  him."  An  early  reply  will  much  oblige. 

ABHBA. 

ROMAN  HISTORIAN.  — 

"  The  Roman  historian  describes  a  supposed  lunatic 
mutilated  and  confined  so  long  in  a  narrow  cell,  as  so 
nearly  to  have  lost  the  human  form,  that,  on  his  libera- 
tion, he  was  too  offensive  to  be  pitied — deformitate  miseri- 
cordiam  amisit." — A  Letter  to  Sir  W.  Garrow,  A..G.,  by 
Charles  Barton,  M.D.,  London,  1813,  pp.  64. 

The  Letter  is  on  the  bad  management  of  lunatic 
asylums. 

Who  is  the  Roman  historian  so  vaguely  quoted, 
and  where  can  I  find  the  passage  ?  M.  M. 

SEALS.— Will  any  collector  of  seals,  &c.,  kindly 
furnish  me  with  an  impression  or  cast  of  a  seal 
or  gem  representing  a  man  approaching  a  house, 
and  carrying  on  his  back  what  appears  to  be  a 
sheaf  of  corn  ?  The  seal  is  oval,  and  about  an 
inch  long.  If  sent  to  the  post  office  at  this  place 
it  would  be  gratefully  received,  and  repaid  in 
kind.  M.  M.  S. 

Camberwell. 

SHAKESPEARE  PORTRAITS.  —  What  works  are 
there  treating  especially  on  this  subject,  besides 
those  by  Mr.  Boaden  and  Mr.  Wevill  ?  G.  W. 

TRANSLATORS  OP  TERENCE. — 1.  Can  you  give 
me  any  account  of  this  Charles  Hennebert  ?  He 
published  Terence  (volume  i.),  translated  into 
French,  Cambridge  University  Press,  1726,  8vo. 


2.  Who  is  translator  of  the  Andria  of  Terence, 
Cambridge  and  London,  Hamilton,  1659  ? 

3.  The  comedies  of  Terence,  translated  by  S. 
Patrick,  1745,  revised  and  materially  improved  by 
James  Prendeville,  Dublin,  1829,  8vo.     Wanted 
any  information  regarding  the  editor.  R.  I. 

VICHY.  —  Where  can  information  as  to  Vichy 
and  its  mineral  springs  be  procured  ?  These  aquas 
calidie  appear  to  have  been  known  to  the  Romans. 

S.  P.  Q.  R. 

WRITS  OF  SUMMONS.  — William  De  Rythre, 
Lord  of  Rythre  in  the  county  of  York,  had  sum- 
mons to  parliament  from  the  28th  Ed.  I.  to  the 
6th  Ed.  II.  inclusive.  In  the  26th  Ed.  I.  he  had 
summons  to  Carlisle  equis  et  armis,  in  which  writ 
he  is  designated  as  a  baron  ;  the  earls  and  barons 
then  summoned  being  respectively  distinguished 
by  their  rank.  Is  it  therefore  to  be  inferred  that, 
although  in  this  case,  no  record  of  a  summons  to 
parliament  earlier  than  that  of  the  28th  Ed.  I.  is 
extant,  yet  that  a  previous  summons  had  been 
addressed  either  to  himself  or  an  ancestor  ? 

HIPPEUS. 

SITUATION  OF  ZOAR.  —  The  exact  situation  of 
this  ancient  city  is,  I  am  aware,  still  a  matter  of 
discussion  amongst  biblical  critics,  but  I  was  not 
prepared  for  such  exactly  opposite  statements  re- 
specting it  as  appear  in  the  articles  on  u  Moab  " 
and  "Zoar"  in  Dr.  Smith's  Dictionary  of  the 
Bible,  both  by  an  author  to  whom  students  of  the 
Bible  are  deeply  indebted — Mr.  Grove  of  Syden- 
ham. 

Under  the  article  "Zoar,"  vol.  iii.  p.  1834,  we 
find  the  following  remarks  :  — 

"  The  definite  position  of  Sodom  is,  and  probably  will 
always  be,  a  mystery,  but  there  can  be  little  doubt  that 
the  plain  of  Jordan  was  at  the  north  of  the  Dead  Sea ;  and 
that  the  cities  of  the  plain  must  therefore  have  been 
situated  there  instead  of  at  the  southern  end  of  the  lake, 
as  it  is  generally  taken  for  granted  they  were." 

And  then,  after  giving  what  seems  to  my  mind  at 
least  very  satisfactory  reasons  for  this  opinion,  Mr. 
Grove  concludes :  — 

"  These  considerations  appear  to  the  writer  to  render  it 
highly  probable  that  the  Zoar  of  the  Pentateuch  was  to 
the  north  of  the  Dead  Sea,  not  far  from  its  northern  end, 
in  the  general  parallel  of  Jericho." 

Let  us  now  turn  to  the  article  "  Moab,"  vol.  ii. 
p.  391,  also  written  by  Mr.  Grove,  and  what  do 
we  find  — 

"  Zoar  was  the  cradle  of  the  race  of  Lot.  Although  the 
exact  position  of  this  town  has  not  been  determined, 
THERE  is  NO  DOUBT  that  it  was  situated  on  the  south- 
eastern border  of  the  Dead  Sea." 

Can  these  two  statements  be  reconciled?  If 
not,  which,  in  Mr.  Grove's  opinion,  contains  ^  the 
most  probable  account  of  the  situation  of  ancient 
Zoar  ?  A.  E.  L. 


118 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3*«»  S.  V.  FEB.  6,  '64. 


COLKITTO    AND  A.  S.  —  In   Milton's   Sonnets, 
there  are  some  obscure  allusions.     Thus,  in  the 
6th  [llth],  who  is  meant  when  he  says  :  — 
"  Why  is  it  harder,  Sirs,  than  Gordon, 
Colkitto,  or  Macdonnel,  or  Galasp?  " 

The  last  two  were  chiefs  in  Ireland  in  the  war 
of  1565  ;  but  who  are  the  first  two,  Gordon  and 
Colkitto  f    Again,   in    his  lines   "  On    the   New 
Forcers  of  Conscience,"  we  have  — 
"  ....  A  classic  hierarchy- 
Taught  ye  by  mere  A.  S.  and  Rutherford." 

The  latter  is  the  well-known  Scottish  divine, 
Samuel  Rutherford  ;  but  who  is  "  A.  S." 

PHILOMATHES. 

Glasgow. 

[Warton  has  the  following  note  on  the  first  passage : 
"  Milton  is  here  collecting,  from  his  hatred  to  the  Scots, 
what  he  thinks  Scottish  names  of  an  ill  sound.  Colkitto 
and  Macdonnel  are  one  and  the  same  person;  a  brave 
officer  on  the  royal  side,  an  Irishman  of  the  Antrim 
family,  -who  served  under  Montrose.  The  Macdonalds 
of  that  family  are  styled,  by  way  of  distinction,  Mac 
Collcittock,  i.  e.  the  descendants  of  the  lame  Colin. 
Galasp  is  a  Scottish  writer  against  the  Independents. 
He  is  George  Gillespie,  one  of  the  Scotch  members  of  the 
Assembly  of  Divines,  as  his  name  is  subscribed  to  their 
Letter  to  the  Belgick,  French,  and  Helvetian  churches, 
dated  1643 :  in  which  they  pray  <  that  these  three  na- 
tions may  be  joined  as  one  stick  in  the  hands  of  the 
Lord :  that  all  mountains  may  become  plains  before  them 
and  us:  that  then  all  who  now  see  the  plummet  in  our 
hands,  may  also  behold  the  top-stone  set  upon  the  head 
of  the  Lord's  house  among  us,  and  may  help  us  with 
shouting  to  cry,  Grace,  Grace,  to  it.'  (Rushworth,  p. 
371.)  Such  was  the  rhetorick  of  these  reformers  of  re- 
formation ! " 

A.  S.  noticed  In  "  The  New  Forcers  of  Conscience,"  is 
Dr.  Adam  Steuart,  a  minister  of  the  Scottish  Kirk,  and 
a  doughty  champion  he  appears  to  have  been  in  the 
polemics  of  that  time;  witness  his  effusion  entitled, 
"  Zerubbabel  to  Sanballat  and  Tobiah,"  imprim.  Mar. 
17,  1644,  4to.  Consult  Watt's  Bibliotheca  for  his  other 
works.] 

THE  NILE.— I  have  noticed  in  The  Times  and 
other  papers,  recently,  the  question  mooted  as  to 
whether  Captain  Speke  did  really  discover  the 
source  of  the  Nile.  It  has  occurred  to  me  that 
he  may  have  done  so  in  part,  by  tracing  one  of  its 
sources.  Some  of  your  readers  are,  no  doubt, 
well  acquainted  with  the  moorland  districts  of 
this  kingdom  ;  and  if  those  regions  are  visited  in 
the  summer  season,  they  will  leave  with  the  impres- 
sion of  having  discovered  the  rise  of  one  of  the 
many  rivers  flowing  from  that  district;  but  visit 
>t  place  again  the  following  spring,  and  that 
same  sprhg,  which  they  thought  was  the  river 


head,  will  in  many  cases  be  traced  for  a  mile  or 
more  in  some  other  direction.  May  not  this  be 
the  case  with  Captain  Speke's  discovery  ? 

I  had  recently  a  parcel  from  a  bookseller's  shop, 
wrapped  up  in  an  old  map.  On  examination,  I 
found  it  to  be  an  old  map  of  Africa,  having  the 
Nile  to  the  lakes  Zaire  and  Zastan.  The  map  is 
curious,  and  apparently  about  two  hundred  years 
old.  It  was  once,  I  should  think,  part  of  a  book. 
On  the  back  is  printed  a  description  of  Africa, 
commencing  thus  :  "  Africa  as  it  lay  nearest  the 
first  people."  It  is  engraved  by  Abraham  Goos. 
I  shall  be  glad  to  know  from  what  folio  work  it 
is  taken,  and  if  of  any  real  value  ?  G.  P. 

[Abraham  Goos  published  various  maps  at  Amsterdam 
in  the  early  part  of  the  seventeenth  century.  Dr.  0. 
Dappers's  Beschreibung  von  Africa  (Description  of  Africa), 
fol.  Amsterdam,  1670,  has  a  large  map  of  Africa;  but 
this  map  does  not  bear  the  name  of  Goos. — The  question 
respecting  Captain  Speke  and  the  Nile  will  probably  give 
occasion  ere  long  to  sharp  discussions,  but  on  a  scale  far 
beyond  the  disposable  space  in  "  N.  &  Q."] 

MAJOR  RICHARDSON  PACK. — I  should  be  glad 
to  know  something  respecting  the  author  of  a 
small  volume,  entitled  Miscellanies  in  Prose  and 
Verse,  the  second  edition  :  London,  printed  for 
E.  Curll,  in  Fleet  Street,  M.DCC.XIX.  The  volume 
is  dedicated  to  the  Honourable  Colonel  William 
Stanhope,  His  Majesty's  Envoy  Extraordinary 
and  Plenipotentiary  at  the  court  of  Madrid.  This 
dedication  is  signed  "  Richardson  Pack,"  who  is 
styled  Major  Pack  in  an  eulogistic  poem  by  G. 
Sewell,  prefixed  to  the  work.  The  author  ap- 
pears to  have  served  in  Spain,  and  to  have  pos- 
sessed an  elegant  literary  taste ;  although  his 
poems  are  disfigured  by  the  licentious  freedom  in 
vogue  in  his  day.  Among  the  prose  articles  in 
the  volume,  is  a  Life  of  Wycherley,  the  poet. 

JOHN  PAVIN  PHILLIPS. 

Haverfordwest. 

[Richardson  Pack  was  educated  at  the  Merchant  Tay- 
lors' School,  and  was  for  two  years  at  St.  John's  College, 
Oxford.  His  father  intending  him  for  the  legal  profes- 
sion entered  him  at  the  Middle  Temple ;  but  the  study  of 
the  law  not  agreeing  either  with  his  health  or  inclination, 
he  joined  the  army,  and  served  abroad  under  Gen.  Stan- 
hope and  the  Duke  of  Argyle.  The  Major  died  at  Aber- 
deen in  Sept.  1728.  The  various  editions  of  his  Poetical 
Miscellanies,  all  published  by  E.  Curll,  may  be  seen  in 
Bohn's  Lowndes.  For  other  particulars  of  him  consult 
Gibber's  Lives  of  the  Poets,  and  the  biographical  dic- 
tionaries.] 

SPENSER'S  "  CALENDAR."— I  have  recently  met 
with  an  old  translation  into  Latin  hexameters 
of  Spenser's  Calendar.  As  the  title-page  of  my 
copy  is  missing,  I  should  feel  obliged  if  any  one 
would  inform  me  of  the  author's  name  and  the 
date  of  the  publication.  Let  me  inquire,  too, 


3'dS.  V.  FEB.  6, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


119 


whether  there  is  any  version  extant  of  the  other 
poems  of  Spenser,  and  of  the  "  Faerie  Queene  "  in 
particular?  X.  1. 

[The  following  is  the  title:—"  Calendarium  Pastorale, 
aive  vEglogae  duodecim,  totidem  Anni  Mensibus  accom- 
modatae,  Anglice  olim  scriptae,  nunc  autem  eleganti  La- 
tino Carmine  donate  a  Theodoro  Bathurst.  Lond.  1653, 
8vo."  It  is  dedicated  by  the  editor,  William  Dillingham, 
to  Francis  Lane.  Some  copies  have  no  date.  It  was  re- 
published  by  John  Ball,  with  a  Latin  Dissertation,  "  De 
Vita  Spenseri  et  Scriptis,"  and  an  augmented  glossary. 
Lond.  1732,  8vo,  with  cuts  by  Foudrinier.] 

QUOTATIONS. — Where  are  the  following  quota- 
tions to  be  found  ?  — 

i   ;     « A  thing 

O'er  which  the  raven  flaps  her  funeral  wing." 
[Byron's  Corsair,  canto  n.  stanza  xvi.] 

"  Perhaps  it  was  right  to  dissemble  your  love, 
But  why  did  you  kick  me  downstairs?  " 

[These  lines  first  appeared  in  the  Asylum  for  Fugitive 
Pieces,  1785 ;  and  again  in  The  Panel,  by  J.  P.  Kemble, 
1788  (Act  I.  Sc.  1).  It  has  been  conjectured  that  Mr. 
Kemble  was  the  author  of  them.  See  "  N.  &  Q.,"  2nd  S. 
vii.  176;  viii.  37.] 

"  'Tis  sweet  to  know  there  is  an  eye  will  mark 
Our  coming,  and  look  brighter  when  we  come." 
[Byron's  Don  Juan,  canto  i.  stanza  123.] 

G.  F.  B. 

Who  is  the  author  of  the  following  specimen  of 
grandiloquence  ?  — 

"  Britanniarum  majestas  ad  ortum  solis  ab  hesperio 
cubili  porrecta." 

J.  L. 
Dublin. 

[This  quotation,  wherever  it  occurs,  is  altered  from  the 
following  passage  in  Horace,  Od.  lib.  iv.  carm.  xv. : — 

"  Famaque  et  imperi 
Porrecta  majestas  ad  ortum 
Solis  ab  Hesperio  cubili."] 

SPRINGS. — What  is  the  meaning  of  the  word 
"  springs"  in  the  following  passage  ?  — 
"  Tf  aught  of  oaten  stop,  or  pastoral  song, 
May  hope,  chaste  Eve,  to  soothe  thy  modest  ear, 
Like  thy  own  solemn  springs, 
Thy  springs,  and  dying  gales." 

Collins,  Ode  to  Evening,  1 — 4. 

B. 

[Spring,  as  used  in  this  passage,  is  a  Scotch  word,  and 
signifies  a  quick  and  cheerful  tune  on  a  musical  instru- 
ment.   The  word  occurs  in  Douglas's  Virgil,  clxvii.  6  :— 
"  Orpheus  mycht  reduce  agane,  I  ges<>, 
From  hell  hisspousis  goist  with  his  sueit  stringis, 
Playand  on  his  harp  of  Trace  saplesand  tpnngis.*' 
Vide  Jamieson's  Scottish  Dictionary.] 

RETREAT. —  A  certain  time  during  the  day  at 
which  the  guard  turns  out  under  arms,  the 
picquets  are  inspected,  and  the  band  or  drums 
and  fifes  play  for  about  ten  minutes.  "  Retreat" 


is  in  some  way  affected  by  the  time  of  the  year  ; 
the  hour  at  which  it  comes  off  being  regulated  by 
the  time  of  sunset.  What  is  the  reason  for  the 
name  retreat  being  applied  to  this  particular  pa- 
rade, if  it  may  be  so  termed  ?  JOHN  DAVIDSON. 

[The  military  term  retreat  has  various  significations; 
but  whenever  it  is  applied  to  a  parade  or  muster  of  the 
troops,  we  think  the  expression  must  have  originally 
referred  to  the  men's  retiring  to  their  quarters  when  the 
muster  was  over,  not  to  the  muster  itself.] 

DUROCOBRIVIS.  —  Can  you  direct  me  to  any 
book,  where  conjectures  are  hazarded  on  the  site 
of  the  Roman  town  Durocobriva,  besides  those 
contained  in  the  works  of  Camden,  Chauncy,  and 
Clutterbuck,  which  are  within  my  reach?  In 
modern  atlases  this  town  is  represented  as  occu- 
pying the  present  site  of  Maiden  Bower,  near 
Dunstable.  Are  there  sufficient  reasons  for  this 
decision  ?  C.  D. 

[The  learned  William  Baxter  is  of  opinion  that  tbfc 
site  in  question  was  Woburn,  in  Bedfordshire.  He  also 
maintains  that  the  proper  orthography  was  Durocobrivis. 
See  his  Glossarium  A.ntiquitatum  Sritannicarum,  edit. 
1719,  p.  113.]  . 

ANONYMOUS. — Who  was  the  author  of  — 
"  An  Autumn  near  the  Rhine ;  or  Sketches  of  Courts,  • 
Society,  and  Scenery,  &c.,  in  some  of  the  German  States 
bordering  on  the  Rhine.     With  a  Map  of  the  Eastern 
Part  of  Germany  as  settled  at  the  Congress  of  Vienna. 
London,  1818"? 

T.  H. 

[By  Charles  Edward  Dodd,  Esq.,  Barrister  of  the 
Middle  Temple,  who  died  very  soon  after  the  publication 
of  his  work.] 


CROMWELL'S  HEAD. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  175.) 

Mr.  Frank  Buckland,  in  his  letter  to  The  Quean 
newspaper  of  the  16th  inst.,  which  no  doubt  some 
of  your  readers  have  also  seen,  has  thrown  a  new 
light  upon  Cromwell's  head.  Visiting  a  friend 
lately  in  Hampshire,  who  possesses  some  interest- 
ing relics  of  Charles  L,  he  was  informed  by  him — 

"  that,  despite  all  the  curious  stories  about  the  existence 
of  Oliver  Cromwell's  head,  he  thought  he  knew  of  the 
existence  of  a  head,  which  all  evidence  seems  to  prove  to  be 
the  very  head  of  this  great  man.  [_These  italicised  words 
I  do  not  know  whether  Mr.  Buckland's,  or  his  friend's.] 
The  story  is  as  follows:  —  'Oliver  Cromwell  was  buried 
in  Westminster  Abbey.  I  well  recollect  my  father,  the 
Dean  [Buckland,  of  course],  pointing  out'the  place  to 
his  friends.  The  grave  was  situated  in  the  very  centre 
of  the  centre  chapel,  at  the  east  end  of  Hen.  VII.'s  Chapel ; 
but  there  is  no  stone  to  mark  the  place.'  "  [These  italics 
are  Mr.  Buckland's.] 

Mr.  Buckland  then  quotes  the  usual  historical 
account  of  the  magnificent  burial  of  the  Protector 


120 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  V.  FEE,  6,  '64. 


at  Westminster  (which  is  still  a  disputed  point, 
however);  and  that  it  was  disinterred  by  the 
Royalists,  hung  at  Tyburn,  and  cast  into  a  hole 
beneath  the  gallows. 

He  then  continues,  what  I  presume  to  be  his 
friend's  story  (for  he  is  rather  involved  in  his 
mode  of  stating  it),  thus :  — 

"  The  head  was  subsequently  separated  from  the  body, 
and  placed  on  an  iron  spike  over  the  gate  at  Temple 
Bar.  Here  it  remained  till  it  was  blown  down  by  the 
wind.  It  was  at  that  moment  picked  up  by  a  soldier, 
who  immediately  secreted  it.  It  remained  in  this  soldier  s 
family  for  several  generations;  till  at  last,  not  many 
vears  ago,  it  was  given  by  the  last  survivor  of  his  family 
to  Mr.  Wilkinson,  a  surgeon  of  Sandgate,  near  Folke- 
stone, and  is  at  this  moment  in  the  possession  of  that 
gentleman's  son.  The  skin  covering  the  skull  is  quite 
dry  and  hard,  but  in  excellent  preservation.  The  hair  of 
the  mustache  still  remains  ;  and  the  wart  also,  which  we 
see  represented  in  his  portraits,  is  plainly  to  be  seen ;  and 
the  flesh  has  been  embalmed,  which  would  not  have  been 
the  case  with  the  remains  of  an  ordinary  person.  I  re- 
gret to  say  I  have  not  seen  it  myself.  [I  presume,  Mr. 
Buckland  means  he  has  not?]  With  the  head  are  pre- 
served the  actual  documents,  in  which  are  offered  large 
rewards  for  the  restoration  to  the  authorities  of  the  head, 
after  it  was  blown  down  ;  and  severe  threats  upon  those 
who  retained  it  knowingly,  after  these  notices  were 
published." 

I  will  not  now  enter  upon  the  vexed  question 
as  to  the  place  of  burial  of  Oliver  Cromwell ;  but 
if  the  above  facts  are  correct,  and  there  appears 
no  reason  to  doubt,  surely  some  means  ought  to 
be  taken  to  have  the  head  and  documents  ex- 
amined, by  Mr.  Wilkinson's  permission,  by  some 
person  competent  to  iudge  of  their  historical 
value.  H.  W. 


COLONEL  ROBERT  VENABLES. 
(3rd  S.  v.  99.) 

He  favoured  the  rising  in  Cheshire  under  Sir 
George  Booth  on  behalf  of  Charles  II.  in  August, 
1659,  but  lay  concealed,  designing  to  surprise 
Chester  had  Booth  succeeded  in  his  bold  en- 
terprise. In  March  following,  General  Monk 
gave  Colonel  Venables  the  government  of  Chester 
Castle,  and  he  aided  the  Restoration.  What  re- 
ward he  received  we  cannot  state,  but  his  friend 
Dr.  Peter  Barwick  petitioned  Charles  II:  that 
Colonel  Venables  might  be  honoured  with  some 
eminent  mark  of  the  royal  favour,  since  it  was 
sufficiently  known  that  ne  formerly  both  coulci 
have  restored  his  majesty  to  his  throne,  and  woulc 
have  done  it,  if  he  had  not  been  hindered  by  the 
perfidiousness  of  some  to  whom  the  king's  business 
was  trusted. 

Colonel  Venables  was  an  Independant  in  re- 
ligion, and  in  1664  was  denounced  to  the  govern- 
ment as  one  who  had  secretly  promoted  the  rising 
in  Yorkshire,  known  as  the  Farnley  Wood  Plot 
There  was  probably  little  truth  in  the  accusa- 


tion. He  seems  thenceforward  to  have  lived  in 
retirement  at  his  seat  in  Cheshire.  He  died  in 
1687,  being  buried  on  July  26. 

As  respects  him,  we  have  references  to  Life  of 
Dr.  Peter  Barwick,  162,  184—186,  190,  207,  219, 
26°  277,  431,  451,  456,  471,  521,  522;  Borlace's 
Irish  Rebellion,  277,  282,  283,  314;  App.  24; 
Campbell's  Chancellors,  4th  ed.  vi.  2;  Carlyle's 
Cromwell,  ii.  65,66;  iii.  81,97,144,  145;  Claren- 
don, Cromwelliana,  55,  58,  65,  70,  71,  142; 
Green's  Cal.  Dom.  State  Pap.  Car.  II.,  iii.  512; 
Leon.  Howard's  Letters,  1 ;  Hunter's  Life  of  Oli- 
ver Heywood,  179  ;  Lancashire  Civil  War  Tracts, 
33,  354;  Life  of  Adam  Martindale,  210,  216; 
Autobiog.  of  Hen.  Neiccome,  207  ;  Norris  Papers, 
19  ;  Ormerod's  Cheshire,  i.487  ;  Granville  Penrfl 
Memorials  of  Sir  Wm.  Penn ;  Sainsbury's  Cal. 
Col.  State  Pap. ;  Thomas's  Hist.  Notes,  657  ; 
Thurloe's  State  Papers ;  Whitelock's  Memorials ; 
Zouch's  Life  of  Walton,  ed.  1823,  33,  34. 

Lord  Campbell  was  evidently  under  the  impres- 
sion that  Colonel  Venables  was  a  mere  country 
squire ;  and  a  more  recent  writer,  having  occa- 
sion incidentally  to  mention  the  colonel,  appears 
to  have  been  equally  unaware  of  his  historic  and 
literary  fame.  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 


WORKS  OF  FRANCIS  BARHAM. 
(3rd  S.  v.  36.) 

I  observe  with  some  surprise  in  "1ST.  &  Q."  a 
note  of  inquiry  respecting  my  published  writings, 
to  which  note  is  appended  an  account  of  a  few  of 
them.  I  do  not  know,  nor  even  guess,  the  names 
of  those  correspondents  who  have  thus  favoured 
me  with  their  notice  ;  nor  do  I  complain  of  their 
remarks,  which  are  written  with  that  gentlemanly 
courtesy  which  distinguishes  the  pages  of  your 
periodical.  But,  as  the  titles  of  my  books  have 
been  thus  publicly  requested,  it  seems  fair  that  I 
should  be  allowed"  to  give  a  completer  list  of  them 
than  that  which  appears  in  your  pages,  which 
abound  in  bibliographic  information.  I  have 
such  an  esteem  for  your  journal  as  a  permanent 
record  of  the  curiosities  of  literature  and  science, 
that  I  take  the  pains  to  correct  your  list  by  the 
following  additions  :  — 

Besides  my  English  versions  of  Cicero's  Re- 
public and  Laws,  I  translated  for  the  first  time 
into  English  Cicero's  Divination  and  Fate,  pub- 
lished in  Bohn's  Classical  Series.  Some  other  of 
my  publications  are  versions  of  the  Ecclesiastes 
and  Canticles  of  Solomon,  and  the  Prophecies  of 
Micah  from  the  Hebrew.  An  improved  Mono- 
tessaron,  or  Harmony  of  the  Gospels,  in  a  revised 
translation,  published  by  Messrs.  Kivington ; 
Man's  Right  to  God's  Word,  from  the  French  prize 
treatise  of  M.  Boucher ;  The.  Pleasures  of  Piety,  a 


I 


3'dS.V.  FEB.  6, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


121 


poem.  A  Key  to  Alism  and  the  Highest  Initia 
tions;  being  a  treatise  on  the  system  of  universa 
theology,  theosophy,  and  philosophy.  A  Life  Oj 
James  Pierrepont  Greaves,  an  eminent  mystic 
noticed  at  large  in  Mr.  Morell's  History  of  Philo- 
sophy. A  Life  of  Colston,  the  Bristol  philanthro 
pist.  The  New  Bristol  Guide,  &c.  Of  course  I 
do  not  mention  a  multitude  of  compilations  to  lead- 
ing journals  and  periodicals. 

As  to  the  Adamus  Exul,  to  which  the  inquiry  o: 
your  correspondent  is  especially  directed,  I  woulc 
mention  that  the  only  original  copies  of  the  Latin 
I  ever  saw  were  two  contained  in  the  library  of  thai 
great  book  collector,  Mr.  Heber.  Long  before 
his  death,  he  told  me  he  possessed  them,  and  his 
words  were  verified  ;  for  after  his  death  they  were 
sold  among  the  books  of  his  library.  One  copy 
of  these  scarce  literary  curiosities  passed  into  the 
hands  of  Mr.  Lilly,  the  London  bookseller;  and  I 
persuaded  my  friend  Mr.  Hallam,  the  historian,  to 
have  it  purchased  for  the  British  Museum.  Whe- 
ther it  was  so  or  not  I  cannot  tell.  The  other 
came  into  the  possession  of  a  private  gentleman. 
Both  of  these  copies  were  kindly  lent  to  me,  and 
I  collated  them  with  Lauder's  edition  of  the  Ada- 
mus Exul,  Dr.  Parr's  copy  of  which  I  still  possess. 
I  found  that  it  faithfully  agreed  with  the  Latin 
original  of  Grotius,  with  the  exception  of  a  very 
few  words.  My  English  version  of  this  wonderfully 
rare  and  grand  tragedy  is  sometimes  very  literal, 
and  sometimes  merely  paraphrastic,  especially  in 
the  choruses.  But  The  Times,  and  other  leading 
organs  of  criticism,  seemed  to  grant  in  their  re- 
views that  I  had  established  this  fact — that  Milton 
was  more  indebted  to  the  Adamus  Exul  than  to 
any  poem  in  existence.  It  is  desirable  that  the 
Latin  original  should  be  reprinted.  But  the 
public  taste  for  truly  Miltonic  poetry  is  at  a  very 
low  condition.  I  fear  that  if  new  Miltons  were  now 
to  arise  they  would  suffer  as  much  from  neglect  as 
he  who  received  five  pounds  for  the  copyright  of 
the  noblest  epic  in  the  universe. 

FRANCIS  BABHAM. 
Bath. 


MR.  WISE. 
(3rd  S.  v.  100.) 

As  Warton  in  the  Life  of  sir  Thomas  Pope, 
published  in  1772,  records  his  obligations  to  "the 
late  ^  learned  Mr.  Francis  Wise,  Deeper  of  the 
archives,"  for  transcripts  of  some  curious  papers 
from  the  collections  of  Strype  and  Charlett,  I 
cannot  but  conclude  that  he  is  the  Mr.  Wise  said 
to  be  alluded  to  by  Warton  in  1790;  but  I  do 
not  find  any  of  his  letters  of  that  date  in  Mant, 
or  Wooll,  or  in  the  Garrick  Correspondence. 

Francis  Wise  was  educated  at  Oxford,  and 
obtained  a  fellowship  in  Trinity  College,  M.A. 
1717;  B.D.  1727.  At  an  early  period  of  his 


career  he  was  a  sub-librarian  in  the  Bodleian  ;  in 
1726  was  elected  keeper  of  the  archives ;  and  in 
1750  Radcliffe  librarian.  He  retained  the  two 
latter  offices  till  his  death  in  1767,  aged  72.  His 
edition  of  the  Annales  rerum  gestarum  JElfredi 
magni  seems  to  have  been  carefully  prepared, 
and  the  list  of  340  subscribers  proves  the  esti- 
mation in  which  he  was  held. 

For  his  other  works,  I  must  refer  to  the  four 
noble  folios,  compiled  by  the  reverend  Bulkeley 
Bandinel  and  his  associates,  which  exhibit  to  the 
students  of  all  countries,  at  all  hours,  and  at  a 
very  moderate  expense,  the  incomparable  treasures 
of  the  Bodleian  Library.  BOLTON  CORNET. 


The  Mr.  Wise  about  whom  Mr.  J.  O.  HALLI- 
WELL  makes  inquiry  was  Radcliffe  Librarian  at 
Oxford.  There  is  a  good  deal  said  of  him  in 
BosweWs  Johnson  under  the  year  1754,  in  which 
year  Johnson  and  Boswell  visited  him  at  Elsfield. 
He  took  a  great  interest  in  the  gift  of  the  M.A. 
degree  which  Johnson  received  from  the  Univer- 
sity, by  diploma,  in  February  -1755.  A  short 
account  of  him  is  given  in  a  book  not  quite  so 
commonly  seen  as  BosweWs  Johnson — the  Lives 
of  Leland,  Hearne,  and  Anthony  a  Wood,  edited 
by  Warton  and  Huddesford,  Oxford,  1772.  The 
Life  of  Anthony  a  Wood  was  republished  by  the 
late  Dr.  Bliss  in  1848.  I  do  not  know  of  any 
second  issue  of  the  Lives  of  Leland  and  Hearne, 
which  are  contained  in  the  first  of  the  two  volumes 
of  Warton  and  Huddesford.  I  therefore  tran- 
scribe the  passage.  It  is  a  note,  at  p.  26  of  the 
Life  of  Hearne :  — 

"  Francis  Wise,  B.D.  was  son  of  Francis  Wise,  Mer- 
cer in  Oxford,  and  was  entered  of  Trinity  College  in  the 
year  one  thousand  seven  hundred  and  eleven,  elected 
Scholar,  and  afterwards  Fellow  of  that  Society.  In  1719 
he  was  appointed  Under  Keeper  of  the  Bodleian  Library, 
and  in  1727  was  elected  Gustos  Archivorum  by  the  Uni- 
versity. At  this  time  he  was  domestic  chaplain  to  the 
Right  Honourable  the  Earl  of  Guilford,  then  Lord 
North,  in  whose  family  he  frequently  resided  at  Wroxton 
in  Oxfordshire :  by  that  Nobleman  he  was  presented  to 
the  Donative  or  Curacy  of  Elsfield  near  Oxford,  under 
whom  also  he  held  a  small  Estate  in  that  Place  on  a  long 
Lease,  upon  which  he  built  a  commodious  little  House, 
where  he  resided  during  the  last  Years  of  his  life ;  and 
spent  his  Time  in  literary  pursuits,  and  as  an  Amusement 
n  forming  an  elegant  Garden,  which,  though  a  small 
>iece  of  Ground,  was  diversified  with  every  object  in 
Miniature  that  can  be  found  in  a  larger  Scale  "in  the  most 
dmired  Places  in  this  Kingdom.  Jn  1750  he  was  ap- 
pointed Radcliffe  Librarian  by  the  Officers  of  State,  and 
died  October  6,  1767.  He  published  — 

'Asser's  Life  of  Alfred.' 

1  Account  of  the  Vale  of  White  Horse,  Berks,  1736.' 
'  Of  White  Leaf  Cross,  Bucks.' 
'  Red  Horse,  Warwick.' 

'An  Enquiry  concerning  the  first  Inhabitants,  &c., 
758.' 
« History  and  Chronology  of  the  Fabulous  Ages,  1764.' 

He  had  a  younger  brother,  Robert  Wise,  B.D.  Fellow  of 


122 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  FEB.  6,  '64. 


Trinity  College,  Oxford,  an  eminent  tutor  there;  an  uni- 
versal Scholar,  more  particularly  an  excellent  Mathema- 
tician, but  of  such  extreme  Diffidence  and  Modesty,  that 
had  a  longer  life  been  allowed  him,  the  public  never 
would  have  reaped  any  advantage  from  his  Studies.  He 
died  in  1750.  This  "note  is  subjoined  to  preserve  the 
Memory  of  a  worthy  Man  which  otherwise  will  be  lost." 

To  this  extract  I  will  only  add  that  many  Oxford 
men,  all  who  were  fond  of  that  beautiful  walk  to 
Elsfield,  will  recollect  Mr.  Wise's  garden,  in 
which  some  at  least  of  the  "  objects  "  mentioned 
by  Warton  and  Huddesford  were  visible  when  I 
was  last  in  Elsfield.  I  am  sorry  that  I  can  give 
no  account  of  "  the  destination  of  his  papers." 

D.P. 

Stuarts  Lodge,  Malvern  Wells. 


"ONE  SWALLOW  DOES  NOT  MAKE  A  SUMMER" 
(3rd  S.  v.  53.)  —  All  poetical  references  which  I 
have  seen  speak  of  the  appearance  of  swallows  as 
harbingers  of  summer  only.  The  readers  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  may  possibly  remember  an  impromptu 
attributed  to  Sheridan  when  George  IV.  was 
Prince  of  Wales.  One  very  cold  day  the  prince 
came  into  a  coffee-house  where  Sheridan  happened 
to  be,  and  called  for  something  to  drink  to  warm 
him.  He  was  so  pleased  with  the  first  glass  that 
he  called  for  a  second,  and  then  a  third,  and  then 
declared  himself  comfortable.  Sheridan  imme- 
diately wrote  on  a  slip  of  paper  the  following 
lines,  and  handed  them  to  George :  — 
"  The  Prince  came  in,  and  said  'twas  cold, 

Then  put  to  his  mouth  the  rummer, 
Till  swallow  after  swallow  came, 

When  he  pronounced  it  summer." 

J.  O'B. 

Dublin. 

I  would  add  to  examples  from  Horace,  for 
R.  C.  HEATH'S  information,  a  citation  from  Cow- 
ley,  exactly  what  that  correspondent  desires. 
("Anacreontic  xi.  The  Swallow.")  Our  poet  re- 
proaches this  vivacious  and  active,  but  tuneless 
bird,  for  breaking  hig  rest  and  robbing  him  of  a 
delightful  dream.  It  commences  :  — 

"  Foolish  prater;  what  dost  thou 
So  early  at  my  window  do 

With  thy  tuneless  serenade  ?  " 

and  concludes  thus,  which  is  to  the  purpose  of 
R.  C.  H.  :  — 

"  Thou  this  damage  to  repair, 

Nothing  half  so  sweet  or  fair ; 

Nothing  half  so  good  can'st  bring, 
Though  men  say  thou  Lring'st  the  Spring." 

J.  A.  G. 

BERMUDA  (3rd  S.  iv.  397.)  —You  might  add  to 
your  quotations,  in  further  illustration  of  a  diver- 
sity of  opinion  upon  the  same  subject,  the  follow- 
ing from  two  works  of  good  repute  :  — 

"It  is  universally  agreed  that  the  nature  of  the  Ber- 
muda Island*  has  undergone  a  surprising  alteration  for 


the  worse  since  they  were  first  discovered  ;  the  air  being 
much  more  inclement,  and  the  soil  much  more  barren 
than  formerly  ....  In  short  the  Summer  Islands 
are  now  far  from  being  desirable  spots  ....  The 
water  on  the  islands,  except  that  which  falls  from  the 
clouds,  is  brackish,  and  at  present  the  same  diseases 
reign  there  as  in  the  Caribee  Islands  ....  The 
north  or  north-east  wind  renders  the  air  very  cold." — 
Dobson's  Encyclopaedia,  1798. 

"  The  islands  are  healthy,  the  climate  is  delightful."  •— 
New  American  Cyclopaedia,  1858. 

If  SELRAHE'S  object  is  a  literary  one,  this  note 
from  Pinker  ton's  Geography  may  help  him  :  — 

"In  the  Novus  Orbis  of  De  Laet  (pp.  27-30)  there  is 
some  interesting  information  concerning  these  islands." 

Also  the  description  in  Raynal's  Hist,  of  the,  East 
and  West  Indies^  iii.  524. 

From  my  own  knowledge  I  can  state  (what 
everybody  knows  perhaps),  that  it  is  the  custom 
for  invalids  to  spend  the  autumn  and  winter  there, 
until  about  the  middle  of  February,  when  they 
generally  leave  for  Santa  Cruz  (also  called  very 
unhealthy  by  some  writers),  the  Havana,  or  else- 
where, the  prevailing  winds  of  the  "  vexed  Ber- 
moothes"  beginning  at  that  season  to  be  very 
unpleasant.  With  the  exception  of  the  early 
spring  months  the  climate  is  delicious. 

I  observe  the  variety  of  spelling  Summer, 
Summers,  Sommers,  and  Somers.  The  same  oc- 
curs in  the  name  of  Sir  George  Somers,  from 
whom  the  name  of  the  group  is  said  to  come.  If 
age  gives  authority,  see  Smith's  General  Historie 
of  Virginia,  New  England,  and  the  Summer  Isles; 
but  the  title  is  all  I  know  of  the  book,  having 
never  seen  it.  But,  again,  A  Plaine  Description 
of  the  Barmudas,  now  called  Sommer  Islands^  with 
the  manner  of  their  Discoverie,  anno  1609.  By 
W.  C.,  London,  1613. 

Since  writing  the  above,  I  have  made  a  note  of 
Letters  from  the  West  Indies,  by  William  Lloyd, 
M  D.,  London,  1838;  An  Historical  and  Statisti- 
cal Account  of  the  Bermudas  from  their  discovery 
to  the  present  Time,  by  Wm.  F.  Williams,  London, 
1848  ;  Bermuda,  by  a  Field  Officer,  London,  1857. 

ST.  T. 

"  PIG  AND  WHISTLE  "  (3rd  S.  iv.  101.)  —  Pro- 
bably many  of  your  readers  are  familiar  with  this 
name  at  Cambridge.  I  believe  it  existed  once  on 
the  signboard  of  an  inn  in  Trinity  Street,  now 
called  the  Blue  Boar;  but,  however  this  maybe, 
a  few  years  back  it  was  the  popular  cognomen  for 
a  new  hostel  built  opposite  the  Gate  of  Trinity 
College.  The  argument  for  the  name  being  at- 
tached to  this  building  was  rather  a  droll  one.  It 
was  because  it  was  situated  midway  between  a  cer- 
tain college  (which  shall  be  nameless)  whose  so- 
ciety was  styled,  in  rival-undergraduate  slung, 
"  Pigs,"  and  another  whose  Principal  has  a  name 
said  to  be  unpronounceable  without  a  "  whistle." 

R.  C.  L. 


3*  S.  V.  FEB.  6,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


123 


ST.  WILLIBRORD  :  FRISIC  LITERATURE  (3rd  S 
ii.  388.)  —  The  bookseller  Hugo  Suringar,  of 
Leeuwarden  writes  to  me  :  — 

M  Tf  you  have  not  yet  replied  to  the  second  part  of 
W.  C.'s  query  in  the*  Nawrscher,  you  might  tell  him, 
there  exists  a  Frisic  Grammar  bv  Bask,  revised  by  De 
Haan  Hettema  in  1832  (price  'fl.  1-80,  or  3s.);  that, 
besides,  in  1863,  a  very  concise  Frisic  Grammar  was  pub- 
lished by  Colmjin  (for  about  fl.  1,  or  Is.  8rf.) ;  and 
that  the  Frisic  Vocabularies  are,  that  on  the  Poems  of 
Gysbert  Japix,  by  Epkema,  in  4to,  1824  (antiquarian 
price  fl  5,  or  8s.  4d.)  an  excellent  book;  Richthofen, 
Altfriesisches  Worterbuch,  in  4to,  1840  (fl.  7  a  fl.  10, 
11s.  8rf.  to  16a.  8d.,  antiquarian  price):  I  think  out  of 
print ;  de  Haan  Hettema,  Proere  van  een  Friesch  Neder- 
landsch  Woordenloelt,  in  8vo,  1832  (fl.  1,  Is.  8rf.) 

"  Excepting  Richthofen,  I  have  these  all  for  sale.  I 
should  thus  be  able  to  suit  jrour  querist,  and  further  ac- 
commodate him  with  any  production  of  Frisic  literature 
he  might  desire,  as  I  try'to  keep  these  in  stock  as  com- 
pletely as  possible. 

"  Forgive  me,  that  I,  though  totally  unacquainted  with 
you,  yet  make  free  to  forward  you  the  above :  the  pur- 
pose of  the  Navorscher  will,  I  hope,  be  promoted  by  it." 
JOHN  H.  VAN  LENNEP. 
Zeyst,  near  Utrecht. 

GRAVE  or  POCAHONTAS  (2nd  S.  vii.  403.) — 

"  161R,  June. — Geo.  Lord  Carew.  Extracts  from  Letter 
to  Sir  Thos.  Roe ;  in  the  form  of  a  journal : — 

"  Sir  Thomas  Dale  returned  from  Virginia  and  brought 
divers  men  and  women  of  that  country  to  be  educated  in 
England.  One  Rolfe  also  brought  his  wife,  Pocahuntas, 
the  daughter  of  Powhatan,  "  the  Barbarous  Prince." — 
P.  1 8.  (  Calendar  of  State  Papers,  Colonial  Series,  1574- 
1660.) 

"  1617,  18  Jan.  London. — The  Virginian  woman  Poca- 
huntas has  been  with  the  King.  She  is  returning  home, 
sore  against  her  will."— P.  428.  (  Calendar  of  State  Papers, 
Domestic  Series,  1611—1618.) 

"1617,  29  March,  London.  —  The  Virginian  woman 
died  at  Gravesend  on  her  return."— P.  454.  {Calendar  of 
State  Papers,  Domestic  Series,  1611—1618.) 

Should  not  the  date  of  her  burial  be  March  21, 
16|f,  instead  of  MayZl,  1616.  The  church  of 
St.  George  at  Gravesend  was  destroyed  by  fire 
in  1727,  where  she  was  buried.  I  inclose  you  a 
transcript  from  the  parish  register  that  was  sent 
to  me  in  1859:  — 

"  1616,  May  2j.  Rebecca  Wrothe,  wyff  of  Thomas  Wroth, 
gent,  a  Virginia  Lady  borne,  was  buried  in  the  Chaunn- 
clc. 

G.  J.  HAY. 

FINGERS  or  HINDOO  GODS  (3rd  S.  v.  73.)  —  In 
Higgins's  Anacalypsis  H.  C.  will  find  some  curious 
speculations  and  theories  on  this  subject.  How- 
ever, I  have  not  the  book  within  reach,  and  there- 
fore cannot  give  particular  references.  Enne- 
moser,  in  his  Hist,  of  Magic  (Howitt's  translation, 
Bolm's  Scientific  Library,  vol.  i.  pp.  251-271), 
gives  to  this  symbol  a  magnetic  interpretation. 
How  for  this  so-called  magnetic  hand  is  connected  | 
with  the  phallic  hand  of  the  Romans  seems  doubt- 
ful. On  the  latter  see  a  note  of  Douce  on  a  pas- 
sage in  Henry  V.  JOHN  ADDIS. 


nefice.' 


LONGEVITY  OF  CLERGYMEN  (3rd  S.  v.  22,  44.)— 
The  Rev.  James  Powell,  close  upon  eighty  years 
of  age,  has  been  over  fifty  years  curate  of  Dill- 
wyn,  in  Herefordshire,  and  is  so  still.  R.  C.  L. 

I  send  you  an  extract  from  the  Preston  Chroni* 
cle  of  January  23,  1864  :  — 

«« On  Friday  last  (Jan.  19th),  the  venerable  rector  of 
Croston,  the  Reverend  Streynsham  Master,  M.A.,  died  at 
the  rectory  there,  at  the  patriarchal  age  of  97.  The  de- 
ceased, both  in  years  and  in  length  of  ministerial  service, 
was  the  oldest  clergyman  in  Lancashire,  having  been  in  the 
ministry  above  seventy-five  years.  He  was  also  the  oldest 
benefited  clergyman,  having  been  inducted  to  the  rectory 
of  Croston,  on  the  death  of  his  father,  in  1798,  and  had 
thus  been  in  the  enjoyment  of  that  valuable  benefice 
above  sixty-five  years*.  His  father,  the  Rev.  Robert 
Master,  D  D.  was  the  rector  from  May,  1759,  to  Sep- 
tember, 1798,  so  that  the  incumbency  of  father  and  son 
extended  over  the  long  period  of  nearly  105  years,  a  rare 
instance  of  prolonged  enjoyment  of  an  ecclesiastical  be- 

PRESTONIENSIS. 

AUTHOR  or  GOOD  TO  THEE  I  TURN  "  (3rd  S.  iv 
353.) — Some  few  weeks  ago  a  correspondent  in- 
quired who  wrote  the  hymn,  commencing  "  Author 
of  good  we  rest  on  Thee."  He  will  find  it  in 
Martineau's  Hymns  for  the  Christian  Church  and 
Home,  attributed  to  Merrick  ;  but,  as  that  version 
seems  to  differ  in  a  few  places  from  the  one  printed 
in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  I  append  a  copy  :  -— 
"Author  of  good !  to  Thee  I  turn ; 

Thy  ever  wakeful  eye 
Alone  can  all  my  wants  discern, 

Thy  hand  alone  supply. 
"  0  let  Thy  fear  within  me  dwell, 
Thy  loVe  my  footsteps  guide ; 
That  love  shall  vainer  loves  expel, 

That  fear  all  fears  beside. 
"And  since,  by  passion's  force  subdued, 

Too  oft,  with  stubborn  will 
We  blindly  shun  the  latent  good, 

And  grasp  the  specious  ill ; 
"  Not  to  my  wish,  but  to  my  want, 

Do  Thou  thy  gifts  supply 
The  good  unasked  in  mercy  grant 
The  ill,  though  asked,  deny." 

E.  Y.  HEINEKEN. 

RICHARDSON  FAMILY  (3rd  S.  v.  72.)  —  Though 
I  cannot  offer  a  satisfactory  reply  to  your  corre- 
spondent, or  trace  out  the  various  branches  of  the 
Richardson  family,  I  may  point  out  some  inac- 
curacies in  his  querv.  No  person  of  the  name  of 
Conon  Richardson  is  recorded  as  Abbot  of  Per- 
shore,  either  in  Dugdale,  Stevens,  or  Styles's  his- 
tory of  the  Abbey ;  but  to  a  person  of  this  nam«, 
the  Sheldon  family,  who  received  the  grant 
at  the  dissolution  of  monasteries,  conveyed  the 
manors  of  Pershore.  His  son  married  Anne, 
daughter  of  Leonard  Meysey  (not  Maxey)  of 
Shechenhurst,  near  Bewdley. 

At  the  close  of  the  seventeenth  century,  there 
existed  in  the  Abbey  church  of  Tewkesbury  a    • 
monument  to  Couon  Richardson  —  "ab  equestri 


124 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  V.  FEB.  6,  '64. 


familiS  de  Pershor  oriundo;"  who  died  aged 
eighty-six.  The  tomb  was  erected  by  his  only 
son  Edward,  and  may  possibly  be  now  in  the 
church.  The  arms — Argt.  on  a-chief  sable,  three 
lions'  heads  erased  of  [the  first],  langued  gules  — 
are  drawn  on  my  MS. 

The  Richardson  family  have  so  long  been  ex- 
tinct in  the  county  of  Worcester,  that  we  have 
lost  all  trace  of  their  descendants :  but  the  stately 
Abbey  of  Pershore,  whose  property  they  once 
held —  a  small  part  indeed  of  its  ancient  magni- 
ficence— is  under  restoration  by  Mr.  Gilbert 
Scott ;  who,  I  understand,  thinks  its  great  lantern 
tower  was  erected  by  the  same  architect,  or  by  a 
close  imitator  of  him,  who  built  the  steeple  of 
Salisbury  Cathedral.  THOMAS  E.  WINNINGTON. 

An  account  of  the  parentage  and  descendants  of 
Sir  Thomas  Richardson  will  be  found  in  the  sixth 
volume  of  Foss's  Judges  of  England,  p.  359.  He  was 
created  a  Serjeant-at-Law  in  Michaelmas  Term, 
1614,  and  King's  Serjeant  in  February,  1625  ; 
was  chosen  Speaker  of  the  Parliament  that  met 
in  January,  1620-1  ;  appointed  Chief  Justice  of 
the  Common  Pleas  in  November,  1626  ;  and  pro- 
moted to  the  Presidency  of  the  Court  of  King's 
Bench  in  October,  1631. 

The  two  representations  of  arms  in  Dugdale's 
Origines  Juridiciales  are  of  the  same  person.  One 
in  p.  240,  in  the  chapel  of  Lincoln's  Inn,  of  which 
society  he  was  a  member,  put  up  when  he  was 
Speaker  in  1620-1 ;  and  the  other,  in  p.  238,  in 
Lincoln's  Inn  Hall,  when  he  became  Chief  Jus- 
tice of  the  Common  Pleas. 

There  was  no  other  serjeant  of  the  name  during 
the  reigns  of  James  I.  or  Charles  I.  E.  A.  O. 

THE  LAPWING  (3rd  S.  v.  10,  77.)  -  Notwith- 
standing the  lexicographers,  I  cannot  think  it 
likely  that  the  same  word  would  have  been  used 
to  designate  two  such  very  dissimilar  birds  as  the 
lapwing  or  peewit,  and  the  hoopoe  ;  and  there  can 
be  but  little  doubt,  I  should  suppose,  that  «roij/, 
upupa,  pupu,  huppe,  or,  as  given  in  the  Petit  Ap- 
parat  Royal,  hupe,  are  only  various  forms  of  the 
latter  name. 

That  the  common  name  for  the  lapwing  in 
former  days  was  peewit  would  appear  from  what 
MR.  MACKENZIE  WALCOT  calls  "the  Bursar's 
Rebus,"  in  one  of  the  windows  of  the  Bursary  at 
New  College,  Oxford,  viz.  a  lapwing  with  the 
motto  "  Redde  quod  debis ;  "  i.  e.  pay  it,  or  pay 
weight,  which  has  long  been  its  traditional  ren- 
dering. 

In  the  west  country  I  cannot  find  that  it  bears 
any  other  name  than  peewit;  and  it  certainly 
seems  to  me  exceedingly  improbable  that  its  name 
should  have  been  altogether  changed,  and  its 
former  designation  utterly  lost,  during  the  com- 
paratively short  period  of  150  years,  in  the  neigh- 
bouring counties  of  Dorset  and  Somerset. 


The  question,  then,  still  remains  what  were 
these  wopes,  or  popes,  or  pops,  or  poups  upon 
whose  unhappy  heads  a  price  was  set  by  our  rude 
forefathers  in  vestry  assembled?  If  I  might 
hazard  a  conjecture,  I  should  be  inclined  to  sug- 
gest, though  with  some  diffidence,  that  they  might 
have  been  bullfinches,  which  birds,  under  the  naW 
of  mopes,  or  mwoaps,  are  still  but  too  justly  regarded 
in  the  west  with  the  fiercest  animosity,  on  account 
of  their  bud-destroying  propensities.  The  curious 
interchange  of  the  letters  M.  and  P.  in  the  nick- 
names Molly  and  Polly,  Matty  and  Patty,  Meg  and 
Peg,  rather  helps  my  supposition. 

C.  W.  BlNGHAM. 

We  need  not,  I  think,  go  to  Old  French  for  the 
word  pope,  as  applied  to  a  bird.  The  bullfinch  is 
so-named  in  some  parts  of  England,  and  he  has 
always  had  a  bad  repute  as  a  mischief-maker  in 
gardens  and  orchards.  JAYDEE. 

I  think  that  I  can  elucidate  the  mystery  which 
at  present  hangs  over  the  parochial  accounts  re- 
ferred to  by  your  correspondent  W.  W.  S.  Pope, 
Nope,  Alp,  Red-Hoop,  and  Tony-Hoop,  are  all 
provincial  appellations  of  that  beautiful  and  in- 
teresting, but  very  destructive  bird,  the  common 
Bullfinch.  To  its  mischievous  propensities  orni- 
thologists, from  Willughby  downwards,  have  un- 
fortunately been  compelled  to  testify. 

"  Libentissime  vescuntur  primis  illis  gemmis  ex  ar- 
boribus  ante  folia  et  flores  erumpentibus,  praecipue  florum 
Mali,  Pyri,  Persicse,  aliarumque  hortensium,  adeoque 
non  leve  damnum  hortulanis  inferunt,  quibus  idcirco 
maxime  invisse  sunt  et  odiosae." 

Thus  writes  Willughby.  I  could  give  quotations 
to  the  same  effect  from  Montagu,  Selby,  Yarrell, 
and  many  others  ;  but  I  have  cited  quite  enough 
to  show  "  why  a  price  should  have  been  put  on  " 
popes'  or  woopes'  or  hoops'  heads  by  church- 
wardens at  the  commencement  of  the  eighteenth 
century.  W.  T. 

Worcester. 

WILLIAM  MITCHELL,  THE  GREAT  TINCLARIAN 
DOCTOR  (3rd  S.  v.  74.)— For  information  respect- 
ing this  oddest  of  characters,  J.  O.  cannot  do 
better  than  consult  the  very  valuable  and  most 
interesting  Domestic  Annals  of  Scotland,  written 
by  Robert  Chambers,  LL.D.,  &c.,  vol.  iii.  p.  358. 
See  also,  Traditions  of  Edinburgh  (p.  42),  by  the 
same  author.  WILLIAM  PINKERTON. 

ELMA,  A  CHRISTIAN  NAME  (3rd  S.  v.  97.)  — In 
answer  to  the  query  of  J.  G.  N.,  I  have  to  say 
that  Elma  was  the  name  by  which  the  late  Lady 
Elgin  was  familiarly  called,  as  he  supposes,  from 
the  first  syllables  of  her  two  Christian  names. 
Her  daughter  was  so  christened ;  her  father,  in 
his  distress  at  her  mother's  death,  being  unable 
to  think  of  any  other  name. 

ONE  or  HER  NEAREST  RELATIVES. 


3rd  S.  V.  FJJB.  6,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


125 


NATTER  (3rd  S.  v.  64.)  —  One  query  begets 
many.  Your  correspondent  B.  L.  of  Colchester, 
while  searching  for  the  origin  of  the  simile  "  Mad 
as  a  hatter,"  has  dug  up  some  etymological  re- 
mains, which  lead  my  thoughts  in  another  direc- 
tion. When,  at  Cambridge,  we  used  to  make 
botanical  excursions  under  the  delightful  guidance 
of  the  late  Professor  Henslow,  we  used  to  be 
shown  at  Gamlingay  a  species  of  toad  found  in 
that  neighbourhood,  and  known  to  the  villagers 
as  the  natter-jack.  What  is  natter  in  this  word  ? 
Is  it  the  German  word  for  adder,  or  is  it  merely 
a  corruption  of  the  English  word  adder  —  as  thus, 
an  adder-jack,  a  natter-jack,  and  so  called  from  the 
fact  that  the  animal  in  question  crawls  instead  of 
hopping  like  common  toads  ?  Does  the  word 
occur  in  any  other  compounds  among  obsolete  or 
merely  local  names  of  reptiles  ? 

ALFRED  AINGER. 

Alrewas,  Lichfield. 

GASPAR  DE  NAVARRE  :  SPENGLE  (3rd  S.  iv.  88.)  — 
It  would  seem,  from  the  notice  in  the  Bibliotheca 
Hispana  Nova,  that  there  was  a  Latin  version  of 
Gaspar  de  Navarre's  work  ;  but  perhaps  Antonio 
translated  part  of  the  title  only.  I  believe  the 
Spanish  book  is  very  scarce,  but  there  is  a  copy 
in  the  British  Museum :  — 

"  Tribunal  de  Supersticion  Ladina,  dirigido  a  Jesus 
Nazareno,  por  el  Doctor  Gaspar  Navarro,  canonigo  de  la 
santa  iglesia  de  Jesus  Nazareno  de  Montaragon,  naturel 
de  la  Villa  de  Aranda  de  Moncago.  Huesca,  1631."  4to, 
pp.  244. 

The  passage,  corresponding  with  that  quoted, 
is :  — 

"  Maleficio  tacito  Hainan  los  magos  a  aquel  que  se  da.  a 
las  Brujas,  para  que  no  sientan  los  tormentos  que  les  da 
la  justicia:  este  se  suele  dar  por  comida  o  por  bevido  os 
les  imprime  el  Demonio  en  las  espaldas,  o  les  pone  y  ab- 
sconde  entre  la  came  y  el  pellejo,  para  que  no  digan  la 
verdart,  aunque  mas  les  atormenten :  como  lo  dizen  los 
Inquisidores  de  Germania,  in  Malleo,  part.  i.  quajst.  14. 
Y  con  estos  hechizos  ellas  se  estan  burlando,  y  riendo  de 
los  tormentos:  y  para  que  estas  no  sientan,  suele  el  De- 
monio aplicar  remedies  frigidissimos.  Y  viendo  esto  la 
gente  barbara  se  espantan  mucho,  pareciendoles  que  es 
cosa  milagrosa,  y  es  cierto  que  no  lo  es ;  porque  esto  lo 
haze  el  Demonio,  el  quel,  como  tengo  provado  en  las  dis- 
putas  passadas,  no  puede  hazer  milagros.  Pero  haze  el 
Demonio  esto,  poniendo  ciertos  medicamentos,  que  quie- 
ten o  entorpezean  el  sentido,  o  detergan  el  influxo  de  la 
facultad  animal  a  los  organos  en  el  tal  persona,  que  cau- 
sen  humores  erases,  y  gruesos  que  impieden  la  via,  pa- 
raque  los  espiritus  vitales  no  passen  a  las  partes  exteri- 
ores  y  assi  impieden  el  sentimiento  y  dolor.  Otras  veces 
el  mesmo  Demonio  se  apodera  de  los  sentidos  exteriores 
por  si  proprio  para  que  no  sientar ;  otras  vezes  de  cosas 
naturales  en  quantitad  haze  medicamentos  que  turban  los 
humores ;  otros  vezes  detiene  el  Demonio  los  tormentos, 
no  lleguen  al  sentimiento,  subllevando  al  paciente,  y 
aliviandole  del  tormento,  teniendo  los  cordeles  floxbs, 
y  aunque  mucho  les  aprieten,  es  de  poca  importancia, 
que  como  el  Demonio  tiene  superioridad  sobre  las  cosas 
corporales  (si  Dios  le  da  lioencia)  haze  lo  que  quiere 
dellas."— P.  56,  b. 

Speiigle  is  an  error  of  the  press  for  "  Sprenger," 


author   of  Malleus   Maleficorum,  which  is   often 
cited  by  Gaspar  de  Navarre.  FITZHO'PKINS. 

Garrick  Club. 

EPITAPH  :  "  Hoc  EST  NESCIRE  "  (3rd  S.  v.  83.)— 
This  epitaph  (as  written,  3rd  S.  iv.  474)  is  in- 
scribed on  a  monument  in  the  church  of  the  vil- 
lage of  Atcham,  near  Shrewsbury.  Whether  then 
and  there  original,  I  know  not.  The  mode  of 
sentiment  would  suggest  Boethius  (Anicius)  or 
Lactantius,  as  the  author,  rather  than  the  cele- 
brated Bishop  of  Hippo.  J.  L. 

Dublin. 

ARG.  A  SALTIRE  Az.  (3rd  S.  iv.  325.)— This 
coat  of  arms,  mentioned  by  your  correspondent, 
appertains  to  the  family  of  Yorke,  of  Bewerley, 
Yorkshire.  See  Burke's  History  of  the  Com- 
moners of  Great  Britain  and  Ireland  (edit.  1838), 
vol.  iv.  p.  744.  CARILFORD. 

Cape  Town. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

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Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  folio  wins  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  au- 
dresses  are  given  for  that  purpose:  — 

NOTES  AND  QasRiBS.    1st  Series,  Vol.  I.    Nos.  13  and  20  (Jan.  26  and 
March  16, 1850.) 
Wanted  by  Mr.  F.  Norgate,  14,  Henrietta  Street,  Covent  Garden. 


"S3 


WESLEY'S  CHRISTIAN  LIBRARY.    Vol.  XXXI.    50-vol.  edition,  calf. 

OHR'S  CIRCLE  OP  THE  SCIENCES.    Part  XV.  (March,  1865),  and  all  after 
Part  XXXVI. 

PRINCIPLES  AND  PRACTICE  OF  OBSTETRIC  MEDICINE.    Parts  XI. 
—III.  and  XV.    4to. 

TAYLOR'S  (ISAAC),  ANCIENT  CHRISTIANITY;  and  the  Doctrines  of  the  Ox- 
ford Tracts.    Vol.  II.  in  Parts. 

KNIGHT'S  LONDON.    Vols.  I.  and  VI.,  cloth. 

PEACOCK'S  ALGEBRA.    Vol.  II. 

Twiss's  LIVY.    Vols.  I.  and  II.,  cloth. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  J.  Kinsman,  2,  Chapel  Street,  Penzance. 


to 

We  are  this  week  compelled  to  omit  our  Notes  on  Books. 
Among  other  articles  of  interest  waiting  for  insertion,  are  — 

BBAU  WILSON  :  LAW  of  LAURISTON. 

DONA  MARIA  DB  PADILLA. 

UNPUBLISHED  POEMS  BY  HELEN  D'ARCY  CHANSTOUN. 

SOCRATES'  OATH. 

CHARLES  Fox  AND  MRS.  GRIEVE. 

P.  W.  TREPOLPEN.    The  Cornish  proverbs  would  be  very  acceptable. 

THK  RBV.  F.  PHILLOTT.  We  fear  that  the  articles  on  the  Immaculate. 
Conception  and  the  calamity  at  Santiago  would  provoke  a  controversy 
unsuited  to  our  columns. 

ERRATUM—SKI  B.  v.  p.  102,  col.  ii.  line  43,  for  "Mr.  Aldis  Wright" 
read  "  Rev.  W.  Houghton." 

E.  H.  (Twickenham.)  The  Jacobite  toast  is  by  the  celebrated  John 
Byrom  of  Manchester,  a  sturdy  Nonjuror.  See  "N.  &  Q."  1st  S.  v.  372; 
and  2nd  S.  ii.  292. 

C.  W.  On  the  Form  of  Prayer  for  the  Great  Fire  of  London  consult 
our  3rd  S.  i.  388,  and  ii.  95. 

JOHN  TOWNSHEND  (New  York.)  Eight  articles  on  the  origin  of  the 
word  Humbug  appeared  in  our  1st  S.  vols.  vii.  and  viii. 

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126 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  FEB.  6,  '64. 


HAYDN'S    DATES,  —  ELEVENTH  EDITION. 

Dates  and  Facts  relating  to  the  History  of  Mankind  from  the  most  authentic  and  recent  records, 

especially  interesting  to  the  Historian,  Members  of  the  Learned  Professions, 

Literary  Institutes,  Merchants,  and  General  Readers. 


In  Orte  handsome  Library  Volume,  beautifully  printed  in  legible  type,  price  Eighteen  Shillings,  cloth, 

A   DICTIONARY    OF    DATES 

KELATING  TO  ALL  AGES  AND  NATIONS : 
FOE    UNIVERSAL     REFERENCE: 

COMPREHENDING  REMARKABLE  OCCURRENCES,  ANCIENT  AND  MODERN,' 

The  Foundation,  Laws,  and  Government  of  Countries  —  their  Progress  in  Civilisation,  Industry,  Literature, 

Arts,  and  Science  —  their  Achievements  in  Arms  —  and  their  Uvil,  Military, 

and  Religious  Institutions,  and  particularly  of 

THE    BRITISH    EMPIRE. 

BY    JOSEPH    HAYDN. 

ELEVENTH  EDITION,  BEVISED  AND  GREATLY  ENLARGED,  BY  BENJAMIN  VINCENT, 
Assistant  Secretary  and  Keeper  of  the  Library  of  the  Royal  Institution  of  Great  Britain. 

London :  EDWARD  MOXON  &  CO.,  44,  Dover  Street,  W. 


"DOOKBINDING  —  in    the  MONASTIC,   GROLIER, 

_T)  MATOLI  and  ILLUMINATED  styles-  in  the  most  superior 
manner,  by  English  and  Foreign  Workmen. 

JOSEPH  ZAEHN9DORF, 
BOOKBINDER  TO  THE  KING  OF  HANOVER, 

English  and  Foreign  Bookbinder, 
30,  BRYDGE8  STREET,  COVENT  GARDEN,  W\C. 

PARTRIDGE     A    COZENS 

Ig    the   CHEAPEST    HOUSE  in   the    Trade  for 

PAPER  and  ENVELOPES,  *e.  Useful  Cream-laid  Note, 2s.  Sd.per 
ream.  Superfine  ditto,  3s.  3d.  Sermon  Paper,  3s.  6d.  Straw  Paper,  2s. 
Foolscap,  6s.  &d.  per  Ream.  Black  bordered  Note,  5  Quires  for  Is. 
Super  Cream  Envelopes,  6d.  per  100.  Black  Bordered  ditto,  U.  per 
100.  Tinted  lined  India  Note  (5  Colours),  5  Quires  for  Is.  6d.  Copy 
Books  (.Copies  set),  Is.  6d.  per  dozen.  P.  &  C.'s  Law  Pen  (as  flexible 
as  the  Quill),  'ig.  per  gross.  Name  plate  engraved,  and  too  best  Cards 
printed  for  3s.  f>d. 

No  Charge  for  Stamping  Arms,  Crests,  $€.  from  own  Diet. 

Catalogues  Post  free;  Orders  over  a«».  Carnage  paid. 
Copy  Address,  PARTRIDGE  &  COZENS, 

Manufacturing  Stationers,  1.  Chancery  Lane,  and  !92,FleetSt.E.C. 


pHRISTENING     PRESENTS     in    SILVER.— 

\J  M  APPIN  BROTHERS  beg  to  call  attention  to  tlieir  Extensive 
Collection  of  New  Designs  in  sterling  SILVER  CHRISTENING 
PRESENTS.  Silver  Cups,  beautifully  chased  and  engraved,  31.,  &.  10*., 
4k,  St..  5Z.  10s.  each,  according  to  size  and  pattern;  Milrer  Sets  of  Knife, 
Fork,  and  Spoon,  in  Cases,  1Z.  Is.,  12.  10s.,  2i.,  '21  10s.  3Z.  3».t  41.  4s.; 
Silver  Basin  and  Spoon,  in  handsome  Cases.  4Z.  4*.,'  61.  6s.,  Si.  8s., 
IJtf.  IOs  -MAPPIN  BROTHERS,  Silversmiths.  67  and  68,  King  Wil- 

ln  Sheffield  A^WO  BridKe  '  and  222>  Regent  Street>  W'    Established 

EAU-DE-VIE.—  This  pure  PALE  BRANDY,  185. 
per  gallon,  is  peculiarly  free  from  acidity,  and  very  superior  to 
recent  importations  of  Cog>>ac.  In  French  bottles,  38?.  per  doz.;  or  in 
a  case  for  the  country.  39s..  railway  carri.ige  paid.  No  agent*,  and  to 
be  obtained  only  of  HENRY  BRETT  &  CO.,  Old  Furnival's  Distillery, 
Holborn,  B.C.,  and  30,  Rwrent  street,  Waterloo  Place,  8.W.,  London. 
Prices  Current  free  on  application. 

THE  PRETTIEST  GIFT  for  a  LADY  is  one  of 
JONES'S  GOLD  LEVERS,  at  W.  Us.    For  a  GENTLEMAN 
rd6d  *'  th*  lnternational  ExhibUioE  i  to  •"  Cheap-.' 


Manufactory,  338,  Strand,  opposite  Somerset  House. 


HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:  _ 
Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24s. 
per  dozen. 

White  Bordeaux  24s.  and  30s.  per  doz. 

Good  Hock 30s.    „     36s.        „ 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne 36s.,  4Vs.    „     48s.       „ 

Good  Dinner  Sherry 24s.    „     1-Os.       „ 

Port 24s.,30s.    „     36s. 

They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120s.  per  doz. 

Vintage  1834 „   108s.       „ 

Vintage  1840 ,     84s.        „ 

Vintage  1847 „     72s.       „ 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry, 36s., 42s., 
48s.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s.,  42s.,  48s. ,60s.,  72s.,  84s.;  Hoehhei- 
mer,  Marcobrunner,  Rudesheimer,  Steinberg,  Lei bfrau milch,  60s.; 
Johannesberger  and  Steinberger,72s.,  84s.,  to  120s.;  Braunberger,  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48s.  to  84s.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48s.,  60s.,  6««., 
78s.;  very  choice  Champagne,  66s.  78s.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Lachrymse  Christi,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  doz.j 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 

CAMPBELL'S  OLD  GLENLIV AT  WHISKY.— 

\J  At  this  season  of  the  yeor,  J.  Campbell  begs  to  direct  attention  to 
this  fine  old  MALT  WHISKY,  of  which  he  has  hfld  a  large  stock  for 
30  years,  price  20s.  per  gallon;  Sir  John  Power's  old  Irish  Whisky,  18s.; 
Hennessey's  very  old  Pale  Brandy,  32s.  per  gallon  (J.  C.'s  extensive 
business  in  French  Wines  sives  him  a  thorough  knowledge  of  the 
Brandy  market):  E.  Clicquot's  Champagne,  -6s.  per  dozen;  Sherry, 
Pale,  ^olden,  or  Brown,  30s.,  36s.,  and  42s.;  Port  from  the  wood,  30s. 
and  36».,  crusted,  42s.,  48s.  and  54s.  Note.—  J.  Campbell  confidently 
recommends  hisVin  de  Bordeaux,  at  20s.  per  dozen,  which  greatly  im- 
proves by  keeping  in  bottle  two  or  three  years.  Remittances  or  town 
references  should  be  addressed  JAM  us  CAMPBELL,  158,  Regent  Street. 

DIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

1  MAGNOLIA,  WHITE  ROSE,  FRANGIPANNI.  GERA- 
NIUM, PAJLCHOULY,  EVER-SWEET,  MEW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1 ,000  others.  2s.  6d.  each.— 2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 


3*1  g.  V.  FEB.  6,  '64.} 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1843. 

WESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 
AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES  LITE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHIM  OFFICES  :  3.  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 


EF  OFFICES  : 
77,  KI 


NO  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


?.E.Bicknell,Esq. 
.Somers  Cock?,  Esq..  M.A..J.P. 
Geo.  H.  Drew,  Esq.,  M.A. 
John  Fisher,  Esq. 
W.  Freeman,  Esq. 
Charles  Frere,  Esq. 
Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 
J.  H.Ooodhart.Esq.,J.P. 
;sq.,M.A. 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  R.  E.  Howard,  D.C.L. 
James  Hunt,  Esq. 
John  Leigh,  Esq. 
Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.B.  Marson.Esq. 
E.  Vansittart  Neale,  Esq.,  M.A. 
,  M.A. 


Bonamy  Price,  Esq. 
Jas.  L)  s  Seager,  Esq. 
Thomas  Matter,  Esq. 
John  B.  White,  Esq. 


J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,M.P, 
Feter  Hood,  Esq.. 

Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary — Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society  s  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Rates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATB  BONOS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persona  entering 
within  tue  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MKDICAI.  MEN  are  remunerated, in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHARGE  MADE  FOR  POI/ICT  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMBSTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  AHWVITIBS 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready,  price  14*. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 

OSTEO       E  X   X>   O   RT. 

Patent,  March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

GABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH    and 
SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.    Purest  ma- 
terials and  flr»t-cla<w  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE  OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 
ft,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London: 

134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth/'    Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15  ! 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 


IMPERIAL    LIFE    INSURANCE    COMPANY, 
1,  OLD  BROAD  STREET,  B.C. 
Instituted  A.D.  1820. 

A  SUPPLEMENT  to  the  PROSPECTUS,  showing  the  advantages 
of  the  Bonus  System,  may  be  had  on  application  to 

SAMUEL  INGALL,  Actuary. 

^\TORTH  BRITISH   AND  MERCANTILE 

U  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

Established  1809. 
Incorporated  by  Royal  Charter  and  Special  Acts  of  Parliament. 

Accumulated  and  Invested  Funds £2,122,8V8 

Annual  Revenue £422,401 

LONDON  BOARD. 

JOHN  WHITE  CATER,  Esq.,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  MORRISON,  Esq.,  Deputy-Chairman 
A.  De  Arroyave,  Esq.  I     John  Mollett,  Esq. 

I      Junius  S.  Morgan,  Esq. 

IG.  Garden  Micol,  Ksq. 
John  H.  Wm.  Schroder,  Esq. 
George  Young,  Esq. 
Ex-Di  RECTORS. 

I  P.  P.  Ralli,  Esq. 

I  Robert  Smith,  Esq. 

Frederic  Somes,  Esq. 

Manager  of  Fire  Department— George  H.  Whyting. 

Superintendent  of  Foreign  Department G.  H.  Burnett. 

Secretary— ¥.  W.  Lance. 
General  Manager— David  Smith. 

FIRE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  Company  grants  Insurances  against  Fire  in  the  United  King- 
dom, and  all  Foreign  Countries. 

Mercantile  risks  in  the  Port  of  London  accepted  at  reduced  rates. 

Losses  promptly  and  liberally  settled. 

Foreign  Risks. — The  Directors  having  a  practical  knowledge  of 
Foreign  Countries  are  prepared  to  issue  Policies  on  the  most  favour- 
able terms.  In  all  cases  a  discount  will  be  allowed  to  Merchants  and 
others  effecting  such  insurances. 

LIFE  DEPARTMENT. 
The  following  Statement  exhibits  the  improvement  effected  during 


A.  .ue  Arroyave,  n.sq, 
Edward  Cohen.  Esq. 
James  Du  Buis>on,  Esq. 
P.  Du  Pre  Urenfell.  Esq. 
A.  Klockmann,  Esq. 

A.  H.  Campbell,  Esq. 
P.  C.  Cavan,  Esq. 


the  last  few  years :  — 

No.  of  Policies 
issued. 

1858  ....    455 

1859  ....     605 

1860  ....     741 

1861  ....     785 

1862  ....    1,037 


Sums. 
£. 

377.425 
449,913 
475,649 


Premiums. 

£.    g.  d. 

12,565  18    8 

14.070  1     6 

11.071  17    7 
16,553    2    9 
23,641    0    0 


the  usual  costs. 


SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERRINS' 
WORCESTERSHIRE     SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 

"THE    ONLY    GOOD    SAUCE," 

i»  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERRINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitationu.and 

S&iaS&SF  *  PEKKI*8>  Name°  -e  »  Wrapper,  Label, 

ASK  FOR  LEA  AND  PERRINS'  SAUCE. 

Bg^ESffj^ 

'JX8.  London.  AC..  *c. ;  and  by  Grocer*  and  Oilmen  universally. 

S3LLOWAY'S   OINTMENT   AND    PILLS.— 
FEAR  NOT.— Though  surrounded  by  circumstances  disadvan.- 
ui i  to  health,  these  remedies,  properly  applied,  will  cut  short  fevers, 
nztt,  inflammation,  diphtheria,  and  a  host  of  other  complaints 
lurking  about  to  seize  on  the  wesk,  the  forlorn,  or  unwary. 
"„  oPerlK     y  ot  W°lloway  »    medicines   over  others   for   subrtumg 
«V^K  h"L'?cen ^80  ™**ly  and  fully  proved,  that  it  is  only  necessary  to 
ufBicted  to  give  them  a  trial;  and  if  the  instructions  lolded 
Ithem  he  followed,  no  ^appointment  will  ever  ensue,  nor dan- 
nsequei.ce  result.    In  hoarseness  and  ulcerated  sore  throat, 
ohP«    i rn5n,t,shuuld  frequently  be  rubbed  on  the  neck,  and  top  of  the 
and  gradually  cm  ^creasing  inflammation,  allay  disquietude, 


768.334 

Thus  in  five  years  the  number  of  Policies  issued  was  3,623,  assuring 
th«  large  sum  of  2,928,94?Z. 

The  leading  features  of  the  Office  are  :— 

1.  Entire  Security  to  Assurers. 

2.  The  large  Bonus  Additions  already  declared,  and  the  prospect  of  a 
further  Bonus  at  the  next  investigation. 

3.  The  advantages  afforded  by  the  varied  Tables  of  Premiums— unre- 
stricted conditions  of  Policies—  and  general  liberality  in  dealing  with 
the  Assured. 

Forms  of  Proposal  and  every  information  will  be  furnished  on  appli- 
cation at  the 

Head  Offices  :  LONDON 58,  Threadneedle  Street. 

4,  New  Bank- buildings. 

EDINBURGH 64,  Princes  Street. 

WEST-END  OFFICE  :  8,  WATERLOO-PLACE,  Pall  Mall. 

THE  CONSERVATIVE   LAND    SOCIETY. 
The  TWELFTH  YEAR. 

INVESTMENT  for  CAPITAL  and  SAVINGS. 
Present  rate  of  Interest,  5  per  cent  per  Annum  on  Shares,  and  4  per 
cent  on  the  Deposit  Department. 

The  taking  of  land  is  quite  optional— Freehold  franchise  in  twenty 
counties  can  be  secured— No  partnership  liability— Prompt  withdrawals 
when  required-Prospectuses  free  to  any  part  of  the  world. 

TRUSTEES. 

Viscount  Ranelagh  and  J.  C.  Cobbold,  Esq.,  M.P. 


Chairman — Viscount  Ranelath. 
Vice- Chairman -Colonel  Brownlow  Knox,  M.P. 

Meyrick,  Lieut.- Col.  Augustus. 

Newcomen.C.  E.,  Esq. 

Palk,  Sir  Lawrence, Bart.,  M.P. 

Pownall,  Henry,  Esq. 

Talbot,  The  Hon.  at  dRev.W.C. 

Winstanley.  Newnham  W.,  Esq. 


Bective,  Earl  of,  M.P. 
Bourke,  Hon.  Robert. 
Cobbold,  J.  C.,  Esq.,  M.P. 
Currie,  H.  W  ,  Esq. 

'      «,  Esq. 


Holmes,  T.  Knox, 

Inzestre,  Viscount,  M.P. 

Jervis,  Capt.,M.P. 

Patrons  and  General  Committee  (composed  of  Noblemen.  Members 
of  Parliament,  and  other  Gentlemen)  are  upwards  of  Eighty  in 
number 

Secretary-CHARLES  LEWIS  GRUNEISEN,  Esq. 

Offices,  33,  Norfolk  Street,  Strand,  London,  W.C. 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  FEB.  6,  '64. 


"MB.  MURRAY'S  excellent  and  uniform  series."  —  ENGLISH  CHURCHMAN. 
"Ma.  MURRAY'S  Student's  Manuals  are  the  cheapest  educational  books  in  existence."— EXAMINER. 

MR.  MURRAY'S  STUDENT'S  MANUALS 

FOR   ADVANCED   SCHOLARS. 


"  This  series  of  «  STUDENTS'  MANUALS,'  edited  for  the 
most  part  by  DR.  WM.  SMITH,  possess  several  distinctive 
features  which  render  them  singularly  valuable  as  educa- 
tional works.  While  there  is  an  utter  absence  of  flippancy 
in  them,  there  is  thought  in  every  page,  which  cannot 


fail  to  excite  thought  in  those  who  study  them,  and  we 
are  glad  of  an  opportunity  of  directing  the  attention  of 
such  teachers  as  are  not  familiar  with  them  to  these  ad~ 
mirable  school-books." — The  Museum. 


I.— ENGLAND. 
THE  STUDENT'S  HUME;  a  History  of  England, 

from  the  Earliest  Times.  Based  on  the  History  by  DAVID  HUME, 
corrected  and  continued  to  1858.  Woodcuts.  Post  8vo.  ~s.  6d. 

"  This  History  is  certainly  well  done.  In  the  form  of  Notes  and  Illus- 
trations, many  important  subjects,  constitutional,  legal  or  social  are 
treated ;  and  the  authorities  ot  the  period  are  mentioned  at  its  close." 

Spectator, 

XI.— PRANCE. 

THE    STUDENT'S  HISTORY  OF  FRANCE. 

From  the  Earliest  Times  to  the  Establishment  of  the  Second  Em- 
pire. 1852.  Edited  by  WM.  SMITH,  LL.D.  Woodcuts.  Post 
8vo.  7*.6d. 

"  There  was  no  greater  literary  want  than  a  really  good  English  His- 
tory of  France,  which  is  now  supplied  by  the  work  before  us.  The 
matter  is  well  selected,  and  well  condensed;  and  the  style  is  clear  and 
forcible."—  Gardener's  Chronicle. 


XXI — GREECE. 
THE   STUDENT'S  HISTORY  OF  GREECE. 

From  the  Earliest   Times  to  the  Roman  Conquest.     By  WM. 
SMITH,  LL.D.    Woodcuts.    Post  8vo.    7s.  6rf. 

"  Written  on  an  excellent  plan,  and  carried  out  in  a  careful  and 
scholar-like  manner.  The  great  distinctive  feature,  however,  is  the 
History  of  Literature  and  Art.  This  gives  it  a  decided  advantage  over 
all  previous  works." — Athenaeum. 


xv — ROME. 

(I)   THE    REPUBLIC. 

THE  STUDENT'S  HISTORY  OF  ROME.    From 

the  Earliest  Times  to  the  Establishment  of  the  Empire.    By  DEAN 
LIDDELL.    Woodcuts.    PostSvo.    7«.  6rf. 

"  We  should  commend  this  history  to  the  youthful  student  as  the  one 
which  will  convey  the  latest  views  and  most  extensive  information. 
Our  opinion  ig,  that  there  is  no  other  work  which  so  ably  supplies  '  a 
History  of  Rome '  suited  to  the  present  day."  —  Blaclcwood. 

(2)  THE  EMPIRE. 

THE   STUDENT'S   GIBBON  ;  an  Epitome  of  the 

Hintm-y  of  the  Decline  and  Foil  of  the  Roman  Empire.    By  WM. 
SMITH,  LL.D.    Woodcuts.    PostBvo.    7s.6d.~ 

"  Dr.  Wm.  Smith  has  preserved  the  main  features  of  the  great  his- 
torian's work,  the  chief  alteration  being  the  omission  of  offensive  anti- 
ciiristian  sneers,  and  fie  incorporation  of  important  notes  in  the  body 
of  the  text."—  Guardian. 


V.      LANGUAGE    and   LITERATURE. 

THE  STUDENT'S  MANUAL  of  the  ENGLISH 

LANGUAGE.  By  GEORGE  P.  MARSH.  Edited,  with  addi- 
tional Chapters  and  Notes,  by  WM.  SMITH,  LL.D.  Post  »vo 
7s.  6d. 

"  Dr.  Smith  has  added  two  chapters,  containing  a  compact  yet  dis- 
tinct summary  of  what  is  to  be  found  in  the  best  writers  on  the  Eng- 
lish language;  and  has  produced  a  manual  of  great  utility."— A the- 


THE    STUDENT'S    MANUAL    OF    ENGLISH 

LITERATURE,     By  T.  B.  SHAW.     Edited,  with  Notes   and 
Illustrations,  by  WM.  SMITH,  LL.D.    Post  8vo.    7s.  6d. 

"  Mr.  Shaw  has  supplied  a  desideratum  in  English  Literature.  His 
book  contains  a  brief  but  satisfactory  sketch  of  all  the  great  English 
writers,  from  the  earliest  period  to  the  present  day.  On  the  whole  it 
appears  to  be  a  fair  and  impartial  summary."— EnglisJi  Review. 


VI — GRAMMARS. 

THE    STUDENT'S    GREEK  GRAMMAR.     By 

PROFESSOR  CURTTUS.    Translated  under  the  Revision  of  the 
Author.    Edited  by  WM.  SMITH,  LL.D.    Post  8vo.    7*.  6<i. 

"  There  is  no  Greek  Grammar  in  existence  which  in  so  small  a  com- 
pass contains  so  much  valuable  and  suggestive  information,  and  we 
hope  that  it  may  ere  long  be  adopted  as  the  standard  Greek  Grammar 
in  this  country,  a  position  which  it  holds  in  most  of  the  schools  of  con- 
tinental Europe."-  The  Museum. 


THE    STUDENT'S    LATIN   GRAMMAR. 

WM.  SMITH,  LL.D.    PostSvo.    7s.  6d. 


By 


"  This  grammar  is  intended  to  occupy  an  intermediate  position  be- 
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elementary  school  grammars.  There  arc  very  few  students  who  will 
require  more  information  than  is  here  supplied  by  skilful  arrangement, 
in  a  convenient  size  and  form  for  practical  use.  The  editor's  good  sense 
is  visible  throughout."— A  thenceum. 


VII. —GEOGRAPHY. 

THE    STUDENT'S    MANUAL    OF   ANCIENT 

GEOGRAPHY.     By  REV.  W.  L.  BEVAN.    Edited  by  WM. 
SMITH,  LL.D.    Woodcuts.    PostSvo.    7s. 6d. 

A  valuable  addition  to  our  geographical  works.  It  contains  the 
newest  and  most  reliable  information  derived  from  the  researches  of 
modern  travellers.  No  better  text-book  can  be  placed  in  the  hands  of 
scholars.'WowraaZ  of  Education. 


JOHN  MURRAY,  Albemarle  Street. 


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.  FEB.  13, '64] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


127 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  FEBRUARY  IS,  1864. 


CONTENTS. —No.  111. 

NOTES:  — Schleswick:  the  Danne-werke,  127  —  A  Witty 
Archbishop,  128  —  The  Infant  Prince  of  Wales,  129  —  An 
Old  London  Rubbish  Heap,  Ib.  —  A  General  Literary  In- 
dex, &c.,  131  —  Congreve  the  Poet  —  A  Heroine  —  Primula: 
the  Primrose  —  Camel  born  in  England  —  Sir  Francis 
Walsingham—  Neology  —  Lynch  Law  in  the  Twelfth  Cen- 
tury, 132. 

QUERIES :  —  Thomas  Jenny,  Rebel  and  Poet,  132  —  Ameri- 
canisms —  Anonymous  —  Aubery  and  Du  Val  —  Great 
Battle  of  Cats  —  Becket  —  Robert  Callis  —  Posterity  of  the 
Emperor  Charlemagne— Family  of  De  Scarth — The  Danish 
Right  of  Succession  —  Engraving  on  Gold  and  Silver  — 
Descendants  of  Fitzjames  —  Thomas  Gilbert,  Esq.  —  Pos- 
terity of  Harold,  King  of  England  — Hindoo  Gods  — The 
Iron  Mask  —  Leighton  Family—  Matthew  Locke  — Lord 
Mohun's  Death,  1677  —  Napoleon  the  First  — The  Oath 
ex-officio  —  Pope's  Portrait  —  Practice  of  Physic  by  Wil- 
liam Drage— Proverbial  Sayings  —  Stone  Bridge  —  Ulick, 
a  Christian  Name  —  White  Hats  —  Life  of  Edward,  Second 
Marquis  of  Worcester,  133. 

QUEBIES  WITH  ANSWERS:— Hilton  Crest:  "Houmout"— 
Trousers  — Dr.  George  Oliver  —  Bishop  Andrewes'  Will  — 
Top  of  his  Bent  —  Blind  Alehouse,  136. 

REPLIES :  —  A  Fine  Picture  of  Pope,  137  —  Socrates'  Oath 
by  the  Dog,  138  — Decay  of  Stone  in  Buildings,  Ib.  —  Ro- 
man Games,  139  —  Burton  Family,  140  —  Stamp  Duty  on 
Painters'  Canvass  —  Situation  of  Zoar  —  The  Old  Bridge  at 
Newington  —  Maiden  Castle  — Rye  House  Plot  Cards  — 
Newhaven  in  France  — Lewis  Morris  —  Twelfth  Night: 
the  worst  Pun  —  Sir  Edward  May  —  Quotation  —  Toad- 
eater  —  Crapaudine  —The  Owl  —  Heraldic  —  Passage  in 
Tennyson,  &c.,  141. 

Notes  on  Books.  Ac. 


SCHLESWICK:  THE  DANNE-WERKE. 

The  war  now  disturbing  Denmark  has  recalled 
attention  to  the  very  ancient  fortification  which 
forms  a  defence  for  Jutland  from  attacks  on  the 
southern  frontier.  Torfaeus  says  the  name  is  not 
Dana-verk  "  Danorum  opus,"  but  Dana-virhi, 
"  Danorum  vallum,"  or  the  "  Danish  entrench- 
ment;" and  the  narratives  of  various  assaults 
which  it  has  withstood,  and  of  its  vicissitudes  of 
destruction  and  restoration,  are  to  be  found  in  the 
collections  of  Langebek,  Wormius,  and  Suhm, 
as  well  as  in  the  Saga  of  Olaf  Tryggveson  and 
others  of  the  Norse  chronicles. 

There  is  some  confusion  as  to  the  time  of  its 
original  construction.  Mr.  Laing,  in  his  version 
of  the  Heimskringla,  says  in  a  note  at  p.  390,  vol.  i. 
that  it  was  raised  by  Harald  Blaatand  to  resist 
the  mcursions  of  Charlemagne ;  and  the  Archae- 
ological Society  of  Copenhagen,  in  their  Index 
to  the  Scripta  Historica  Ixlandorum,  vol.  xii. 
p.  118,  describe  it  as  "vallum  vel  munimentum 
illustre,  in  finibus  Daniae  meridionalibus  posi- 
tum ;  quod^a  Regina  Thyria  filioque  Haraldo  cog- 
nomine  Blatoon  extructum  esse  fertur." 

But  whatever  the  date  of  its  original  formation, 
this  remarkable  work  was  in  complete  preservation 
and  efficiency  in  the  time  of  the  King  Olaf  Tryggve- 
son, who  reigned  in  Norway  between  A.D.  995  and 


1000 ;  and  his  Saga  recounts  the  two  expeditions 
conducted  by  the  Emperor  Otho,  to  compel  the 
Danes  by  force  of  arms  to  conform  to  Christianity. 
In  the  second  of  these,  when  Otho,  A.D.  998,  led 
an  army  to  the  Daneverk,  its  condition  is  thus 
described  in'the  Saga :  — 

"De  meridie  Ottho  Imperator  veniens,  Danavirkum 
accessit,  munimentorum  istius  valli  defensore  cum  suis 
Hakono  Jarlo.  Danevirki  autem  ea  erat  constitutio,  ut  ab 
utroque  mari  duo  sinus  longius  in  continentem  penetrent, 
inter  intimos  quorum  recessus  relictum  terras  spatium 
munierant  Dani,  ducto  ex  lapide,  cespite,  atque  arboribus 
vallo,  extra  quod  fossa  lata  atque  profunda  in  altum  erat 
depressa,  sed  ad  portas  disposita  castella."  —  Snorri  Stur- 
leson,  Heimskringla,  vol.  i.  p.  217. 

Another  version  of  the  same  Saga,  edited  by 
Svienbjorn  Egilsson,  in  the  collection  of  the  histo- 
rians of  Iceland,  published  by  the  Royal  Society 
of  Copenhagen,  gives  some  minuter  particulars, 
describing  the  nature  of  the  country  between  the 
Eider  and  the  Schlei :  — 

"  Duo  sinus  hinc  illinc  in  terrain  insinuant ;  inter  in- 
tima  vero  sinuum  brachia  Dani  aggerem  altum  et  lirmum. 
extruerant,  etc. — Centeni  quique  passus  portam  habebant 
cui  superstructum  erat  castellum  ad  defensionem  muni- 
menti ;  nam  pro  singulis  portis  pons  fossae  erat  impositus." 
—Scrip.  Hist  Islandice,  t.  i.  144 :  see  also  ib.,  t.  x.  228, 
etc. ;  xi.  23. 

History  it  is  said  repeats  itself;  and  the  result 
of  the  assault  of  the  Emperor  Otho  has  a  parallel 
in  the  present  war  between  the  Prussians  and  the 
Danes :  when  the  former,  instead  of  persevering 
in  the  attack  on  the  Danne-verke,  turned  the 
flank  of  the  defenders  by  a  movement  across  the 
Schlei,  by  which  they  succeeded  in  landing  their 
troops  in  the  rear  of  the  great  embankment. 
Precisely  the  same  strategy  is  stated,  in  the  Saga, 
to  have  been  resorted  to  by  the  German  Emperor 
nearly  a  thousand  years  before.  Earl  Hakon, 
who  commanded  on  the  side  of  the  Danes,  so  suc- 
cessfully repulsed  every  assault  of  the  enemy, 
that  Otho  fell  back  towards  the  south ;  collected 
his  ships  of  war  at  the  mouth  of  the  Schlei, 
landed  them  to  the  north  of  the  Danne-verke, 
and  eventually  achieved  a  victory.  The  cata- 
strophe is  thus  narrated  in  the  Saga  of  Olaf  Trygg- 


\/A*    • 

••Cecidere  ibi  ex  Imperatoris  acie  plurimi,  nullo  ad 
vallum  capiendi  emolument©;  quare  Imperator  (re  non 
ssepius  tentata !)  inde  decessit  ....  turn  flexo  mox 
Slesvicum  versum  itinere,  cum  totam  illuc  classem  acci- 
verat,  exercitum  inde  in  Jutlandiam  transportavit."  — 
Heimskringla,  torn.  i.  p.  218. 

This  battle  is  celebrated,  in  the  Vellekla,  in  a 

Eissage    thus    rendered    into    English    by    Mr. 
aing :  — 

"  Earl  Hakon  drove,  by  daring  deeds, 
These  Saxons  to  their  ocean  steeds ; 
And  the  young  hero  saved  from  fall 
The  Danaverk — the  people's  wall." 

J.  EMERSON  TENNENT. 


128 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


.  V.  FEB.  13,  '64. 


A  WITTY  ARCHBISHOP. 

An  industrious  student,  a  deep  thinker,  an  acute 
reasoner,  a  learned  mind,  a  correct,  and  at  times, 
elegant  writer  —  these  are  titles  of  honour  which 
the  mere  outside-world,  travelling  in  its  flying 
rail  way- carriage,  will  gladly  award  to  the  late 
Archbishop  of  Dublin.  JSTot  so  familiar  are  cer- 
tain minor  and  more  curious  gifts,  which  he  kept 
by  him  for  his  own  and  his  friends'  entertainment, 
which  broke  out  at  times  on  more  public  occa- 
sions. He  delighted  in  the  oddities  of  thought, 
in  queer  quaint  distinctions  ;  and  if  an  object  had 
by  any  possibility  some  strange  distorted  side  or 
corner,  or  even  point,  which  was  undermost,  he 
would  gladly  stoop  down  his  mind  to  get  that 
precise  view  of  it,  nay,  would  draw  it  in  that  odd 
light  for  the  amusement  of  the  company. 

Thus  he  struck  Guizot,  who  described  him  as 
"  startling  and  ingenious,  strangely  absent,  fami- 
liar, confused,  eccentric,  amiable,  and  engaging, 
no  matter  what  unpoliteness  he  might  commit,  or 
what  propriety  he  might  forget."  In  short,  a 
mind  with  a  little  of  the  Sydney  Smith's  leaven, 
whose  brilliancy  lay  in  precisely  these  odd  analo- 
gies. It  was  his  recreation  to  take  up  some  in- 
tellectual hobby,  and  make  a  toy  of  it.  Just  as, 
years  ago,  he  was  said  to  have  taken  up  that  strange 
instrument  the  boomerang,  and  was  to  be  seen  on 
the  sands  casting  it  from  him,  and  watching  it 
return.  It  was  said,  too,  that  at  the  dull  intervals 
of  ^a  visitation,  when  ecclesiastical  business  lan- 
guished, he  would  cut  out  little  miniature  boome- 
rangs of  card,  and  amuse  himself  by  illustrating 
the  principle  of  the  larger  toy,  by  shooting  them 
from  his  finger. 

The  even,  and  sometimes  drowsy,  current  of 
Dublin  society  was  almost  always  enlivened  by  some 
little  witty  boomerang  of  his,  fluttering  from  mouth 
to  mouth,  and  from  club  to  club.  The  archbishop's 
last  was  eagerly  looked  for.  Some  were  indif- 
ferent, some  were  trifling ;  but  it  was  conceded 
that  all  had  an  odd  extravagance,  which  marked 
them  as  original,  quaint,  queer.  In  this  respect  he 
was  the  Sydney  Smith  of  the  Irish  capital,  with  this 
difference  —  that  Sydney  Smith's  king  announced 
that  he  would  never  make  the  lively  Canon  of  St. 
Paul's  a  Bishop. 

Homoeopathy  was  a  medical  paradox,  and  was 
therefore  welcome.  Yet  in  this  he  travelled  out 
of  the  realms  of  mere  fanciful  speculation,  and 
clung  to  it  with  a  stern  and  consistent  earnestness, 
faithfully  adhered  to  through  his  last  illness. 
Mesmerism,  too,  he  delighted  to  play  with.  He 
had,  in  fact,  innumerable  dadas,  as  the  French  call 
them,  or  hobby-horses,  upon  which  he  was  con- 
tinually astride. 

This  led  him  into  a  pleasant  affectation  of  being 
able  to  discourse  de  omnibus  rebus,  $*c.,  and  the 
more  recondite  or  less  known  the  subject,  the 


more  eager  was  he  to  speak.  It  has  been  sup- 
posed that  the  figure  of  the  "  Dean,"  in  Mr.  Le- 
ver's pleasant  novel  of  Roland  Cashel,  was  sketched 
from  him.  Indeed  there  can  be  no  question  but 
that  it  is  an  unacknowledged  portrait. 

"  What  is  the  difference,"  he  asked  of  a  young 
clergyman  he  was  examining,  "  between  a  form  and 
a  ceremony  ?  The  meaning  seems  nearly  the 
same  ;  yet  there  is  a  very  nice  distinction."  Va- 
rious answers  were  given.  "  Well,"  he  said,  "  it 
lies  in  this :  you  sit  upon  a  form,  but  you  stand 
upon  ceremony." 


"Morrow's  Library  "  is  the  Mudie  of  Dublin  ; 
and  the  Rev.  Mr.  Day,  a  popular  preacher.  "  How 
inconsistent,"  said  the  archbishop,  "  is  the  piety  of 
certain  ladies  here.  They  go  to  day  for  a  sermon, 
and  to  morrow  for  a  novel !  " 

At  a  dinner  party  he  called  out  suddenly  to  the 

host,  "  Mr. !  "  There  was  silence.  "  Mr. , 

what  is  the  proper  female  companion  of  this  John 
Dory  ?  "  After  the  usual  number  of  guesses  an 
answer  came,  "  Anne  Chovy." 

Another  Riddle.  —  "The  laziest  letter  in  the 
alphabet  ?  The  letther  G  ! "  (lethargy.) 

The  Wichlow  Line. — The  most  unmusical  in  the 
world — having  a  Dun-Drum,  Still- Organ,  and  a 
Bray  for  stations. 

Doctor  Gregg.  —  The  new  bishop  and  he  at 
dinner.  Archbishop :  "  Come,  though  you  are 
John  Cork,  you  mustn't  stop  the  bottle  here." 
The  answer  was  not  inabt :  "  I  see  your  lordship 
is  determined  to  draw  me  out." 


On  Doctor  K x's  promotion  to  the  bishopric 

of  Down,  an  appointment  in  some  quarters  un- 
popular :  "  The  Irish  government  will  not  be  able 
to  stand  many  mere  such  Knocks  Down  as  this ! " 


The  merits  of  the  same  bishop  being  canvassed 
before  him,  and  it  being  mentioned  that  he  had 
compiled  a  most  useful  Ecclesiastical  Directory, 
with  the  Values  of  Livings,  &c.,  "  If  that  be  so," 
said  the  archbishop,  "  I  hope  next  time  the  claims 
of  our  friend  Thorn  will  not  be  overlooked." 
(Thorn,  the  author  of  the  well-known  Almanack.) 

A  clergyman,  who  had  to  preach  before  him, 
begged  to  be  let  off,  saying  "  I  hope  your  Grace 
will  excuse  my  preaching  next  Sunday."  "  Cer- 
tainly," said  the  other  indulgently.  Sunday  cam 
and  the  archbishop  said  to  him,  "  Well !  Mr. 


what  became  of  you  ?  we  expected  you  to  preucl 
to-day."     "  Oh,  your  Grace  said  you  would  excuse 


came, 
rlalh 


S'd  S.  V.  FEB.  13,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


129 


my  preaching  to-day."  '  "  Exactly ;  but  I  did  not 
say  I  would  excuse  you /ram  preaching." 

At  a  lord  lieutenant's  banquet  a  grace  was 
given  of  unusual  length.  "My  lord,"  said  the 
archbishop,  "  did  you  ever  hear  the  story  of  Lord 
Mulgrave's  chaplain  ?  "  "  No,"  said  the  lord  lieu- 
tenant. "  A  young  chaplain  had  preached  a  ser- 
mon of  great  length.  •  Sir,'  said  Lord  Mulgrave, 
bowing  to  him,  '  there  were  some  things  in  your 
sermon  of  to-day  I  never  heard  before.'  *  0,  my 
lord,'  said  the  flattered  chaplain,  *  it  is  a  common 
text,  and  I  could  not  have  hoped  to  have  said  any- 
thing new  on  the  subject.'  '/  heard  the  clock 
strike  twice,  said  Lord  Mulgrave." 

At  some  religious  ceremony  at  which  he  was  to 
officiate  in  the  country,  a  young  curate  who  at- 
tended him  grew  very  nervous  as  to  their  being 
late.  "  My  good  young  friend,"  said  the  arch- 
bishop, "  I  can  only  say  to  you  what  the  criminal 
going  to  be  hanged  said  to  those  around,  who  were 
hurrying  him,  '  Let  us  take  our  time ;  they  can't 
befjin  without  us.'  "  TORICK  JUNIOR. 


THE  INFANT  PRINCE  OF  WALES. 

I  have  met  with  the  curious  fact,  that  the 
infant  Prince  of  Wales,  whose  birth  is  now  the 
subject  of  universal  rejoicing,  is  descended  from 
King  Henry  VII.  in  eight  different  ways,  six 
being  through  his  mother ;  so  that  he  derives 
more  Tudor  blood  from  his  mother  than  his  father 
in  the  ratio  of  three  to  one.  The  subjoined  out- 
line of  the  descents  may  not  be  uninteresting  to 
some  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q." 

Paternal  Descents. 

I.  1.  Princess  Margaret ;  2.  James  V.  King  of 
Scotland  ;  3.  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots ;  4.  James  I. 
King  of  England;  5.  Princess  Elizabeth  of  Eng- 
land ;  6.  Princess  Sophia  of  Bohemia ;  7.  George  I. 
King  of  England ;  8.  George  II.  King  of  Eng- 
land; 9.  Frederick  Lewis,  Prince  of  Wales;  10. 
George  III.  King  of  England;  11.  Edward,  Duke 
of  Kent;  12.    Queen  Victoria;  13.  [Albert-Ed- 
ward, Prince  of  Wales. 

II.  1.  Princess  Margaret;   2.  Lady  Margaret 
Douglas;  3.  Henry  Earl  of  Darnley  ;  4.  James  I. 
King  of  England ;  5.  Princess  Elizabeth  of  Eng- 
land; 6.  Princess  Sophia  of  Bohemia ;  7.  George  I. 
King  of  England  ;  8.  George  II.  King  of  Eng- 
land; 9.  Frederick  Lewis,  Prince  of  Wales ;  10. 
George   III.    King    of    England;    11.    Edward, 
Duke  of  Kent;  12.  Queen  Victoria  ;  13.  Albert- 
Edward,  Prince  of  Wales. 

Maternal  Descents. 

III.  1  to  8,  as  Descent  I. ;  9.  Princess  Mary 
England;    10.  Charles,   Landgrave  of  Hesse 


Cassel;  11.  Louisa-Caroline  of  Hesse  Cassel ;  12. 
Christian  IX.,  King  of  Denmark;  13.  Alexandra, 
Princess  of  Wales. 

IV.  1  to  8,  as  Descent  I  ;  9.  Princess  Louisa 
of  England;  10.  Princess    Louise  of  Denmark; 
11.  Louisa-Caroline  of  Hesse  Cassel ;  12.  Chris- 
tian  IX.    King   of   Denmark ;    13.    Alexandra, 
Princess  of  Wales. 

V.  1  to  3,  as  Descent  II. ;  4  to  13,  as  Descent 

VI.  1  to  3,  as  Descent  II. ;  4  to  13,  as  Descent 
IV. 

VII.  1  to  9   as  Descent  III. ;   10.  Frederick, 
Prince  of  Hesse  Cassel ;    11.  William,  Prince  of 
Hesse  Cassel;  12.  Queen  of  Denmark ;  13.  Alex- 
andra, Princess  of  Wales. 

VIII.  1  to  3  as  Descent  II. ;  4  to  13  as  De- 
scent VII.  CHARLES  BRIDGER. 


AN  OLD  LONDON  RUBBISH  HEAP. 

Having  determined  to  build  a  bridge  over  the 
Thames,  the  first  thing  to  do  is  to  sink  shafts  for 
the  foundations  of  the  piers ;  and  a  nice  long  work 
it  is,  for  the  deeper  you  get,  the  more  you  can't  get 
any  foundation  at  all.  Even  as  far  back  as  Thames 
Street  this  is  the  case  —  very  unsatisfactory  to 
contractors  !  but  the  old  rule  holds  good  here  as 
elsewhere  —  the  ill  wind  to  the  bridgemakers  is  all 
in  favour  of  the  antiquaries.  For  why  is  all  this 
land  on  the  Thames  bank  up  to  Thames  Street  so 
rotten  and  unstable  ?  Simply  because  it  is  a  vast 
rubbish  heap.  At  the  top  we  have  the  debris  of 
former  buildings,  the  ruins  of  the  Great  Fire. 
Let  us  watch  awhile  the  navvies  as  they  pick 
away  and  cart  off  the  rubbish ;  first  a  few  coins 
of  later  reigns,  old  broken  pots  and  crockery  of  all 
sorts,  not  unlike  the  roughest  of  the  present  day. 
Here  some  ancient  weights  remind  you,  that  once 
upon  a  time  here  stood  the  old  Steelyard.  What 
are  those  black  bits  of  leather  the  men  are  shak- 
ing and  knocking  the  dirt  off?  Look  closely  at 
one,  and  you  will  see  it  once  covered  the  dainty 
foot  of  some  fair  city  damsel.  How  prettily  her 
little  red  stocking  must  have  peeped  through  the 
curiously  cut  open-work  in  front,  mighty  pretty 
to  look  at,  but  not  over  warm  one  would  think. 
Here  is  a  shoe  of  the  reign  of  Queen  Bess,  with 
its  long  heel,  and  pointed  toe ;  not  thrown  away 
before  a  huge  hole  had  been  worn  in  the  sole. 
How  any  feet  could  have  been  tortured  into 
the  boots  belonging  to  those  soles,  not  unlike 
hour-glasses  in  shape,  one  can  hardly  imagine. 
Close  to  these  more  pottery,  broken,  but  still  in 
other  respect  the  same  as  when  it  was  thrown 
away  ;  jugs  of  common  unglazed  stoneware,  orna- 
mented round  the  bottom  with  the  great  thumbs 
of  the  potters.  Here  and  there  a  bit  of  better 
quality  of  the  same  shape,  but  heavily  glazed. 


130 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  FEB.  13,  '64. 


Here  a  good  bit  of  fine  glazed  black  ware  —  surely 
perfect ;  no,  its  handle  has  gone.  Next  conies  a 
glorious  old  Bellarmine  jug,  with  the  three  lions 
of  England  on  either  side.  The  pick  has  unfor- 
tunately made  a  small]  hole  in  one  side,  but  no 
great  consequence,  for,  on  nearer  observation,  you 
you  see  it  is  like  the  rest,  thrown  away  because 
cracked. 

Dig  a  little  further,  and  up  turn  relics  of 
knightly  deeds  mixed  with  the  thrown-away  tools 
of  the  craftsman  —  spurs  without  rowels  ;  some 
with  long  spikes  instead ;  some  with  rowels ^  an 
inch  and  a  half  in  diameter,  having  a  terribly 
fierce  look.  How  did  the  horses  fare,  you  wonder. 
Up  turns  a  great  horseshoe ;  and  you  remember 
that  the  beasts  in  question  were  the  great  Flemish 
fellows,  and  you  hope  they  had  thicker  skins  than 
our  more  graceful  and  beautiful  favourites.  Those 
horseshoes  are  worth  looking  at.  See  how  for- 
ward the  nails  are  put:  surely  better  than  we 
do.  Again,  they  are  evidently  cut  with  a  sharp 
instrument  out  of  a  thick  sheet  of  metal,  pro- 
bably when  cold ;  a  fact  which  would  account  for 
their  being  as  good  as  new.  What  are  those  queer 
looking  bits  of  pipe-clay,  with  the  names  of  the 
makers  stamped  on  the  edges  ?  Are  they  tobacco- 
stoppers  ?  Let  us  try.  Here'are  a  lot  of  old  pipes, 
but  what  tiny  bowls.  It  will  not  do,  the  things 
will  not  go  into  them  at  all ;  and  still  there  are 
so  many,  they  must  have  been  for  some  use. 
They  served  our  ancestors  for  curl  papers  to  keep 
their  wigs  in  order.  Just  look  at  those  pins  — 
some  three  inches  long ;  some  with  leaden  heads, 
no  doubt  considered  highly  ornamental.  What 
a  curious  collection  of  old  knives  and  forks,  and 
how  strangely  time  has  affected  them.  This  fork 
— see !  might  be  polished  again  it  is  so  nearly 
perfect,  even  the  ivory  handle  with  silver  studs  is 
undecayed,  though  discoloured.  Its  partner,  the 
knife,  is  quite  gone — nought  but  the  shape  re- 
remains — handle  all  powder,  and  blade  not  much 
better. 

Shall  we  never  get  down  to  terra  firma?  Surely 
we  must  now  be  over  twenty  feet  below  the  sur- 
face, and  how  dark  the  soil  is  getting.  It  looks 
as  if  we  were  on  the  banks  of  a  great  river. 
And  so  you  are ;  in  a  few  feet  more  you  will  be  on 
the  old  Roman  river  bank,  and  then  the  rubbish 
heap  will  be  still  more  interesting  than  higher  up. 
Even  here,  however,  will  be  some  familiar  things 
not  unlike  those  in  use  in  the  present  day. 

"  Would  you  like  to  buy  some  of  these  things 
we've  found,"  says  a  simple  looking  navvy  ?  "  Let 
us^see  what  you  have."  "I've  got  the  right  stuff 
this  time,  guv'nor  ;  but  the  man  as  has  found  'em 
wants  a  tidy  bit.  Here  is  a  big  lead  battle-axe  ; 
I  see  it  took  out  of  that  there  hole  with  my  own 
eyes." 

^  If  you  are  a  collector  beware !  That  man, 
simple  as  he  looks,  can  supply  you  with  an  un- 


limited store  of  false  relics  of  all  ages  —  all  found 
on  the  spot  of  course.  If  you  are  not  a  good 
judge  of  such  things  leave  them  alone  altogether, 
or  you  will  lose  your  money,  and  be  well  laughed 
at  by  friends  and  foes. 

"It  caligatus  in  agros."  So  it  seems  by  those  boot 
soles  which  have  just  been  once  more  brought  to 
light.  Surely  these  must  be  the  horrible  military 
nailed  boots  so  harassing  to  the  corns  of  the  civi- 
lian; there  is  not  a  space  without  a  great  nail. 
Look  here,  too,  on  this  one  is  a  bit  of  Roman  pottery 
sticking  !  Military  boots  ! — no  such  thing  ;  why 
they  would  only  fit  a  lady ;  and  here  is  a  tiny  one, 
just  so  armed,  which  must  have  belonged  to  quite 
a  child.  No  doubt  this  hill  side  was  then  rough 
and  muddy  enough,  and  so  they  required  stout 
under  leathers.  Why  here  is  a  sandal,  beauti- 
fully cut  out  of  one  sheet  of  leather — no  nails  here. 
It  was  well  worn,  however,  before  the  wearer  cast 
it  off;  the  holes  in  the  bottom  are  still  visible. 
Here  one  is  struck  by  the  enormous  quantity  of 
broken  red  pottery.  How  perfectly  indestructi- 
ble it  is,  but  all  broken ;  much  had  been  mended 
and  rivetted  by  the  Romans  themselves.  Their 
drills  must  have  been  as  good  as  ours,  so  perfect 
and  smooth  are  the  holes  for  the  rivets.  Here, 
too,  we  have  A  and  B  scratched  on  the  surface  to 
show  how  the  bits  fitted.  Broken  to  fragments 
as  it  is,  all  the  pottery  and  glass  is  well  worth 
examination.  Though  not  one  perfect,  or  nearly 
perfect,  bowl  be  found,  from  the  fragments  you 
may  make  a  regular  Roman  pattern  book,  and 
very  excellent  patterns  too  ;  consisting  of  adapta- 
tions of  all  sorts  of  English  and  other  plants 
beautifully  conventionalized.  Here  and  there  are 
fine  geometrical  ornaments;  but,  above  all,  how 
excellent  are  the  animals  —  lions  fighting  with 
boars,  wolves,  dogs,  leopards,  tigers  just  about  to 
spring.  On  one  bowl  are  many  illustrations  of 
the  gladiator's  labours  ;  surely  that  man  is  fighting 
with  a  bull ;  here  the  secutor  is  pursuing  the  re- 
tiarius.  There  are  wild  beasts ;  one  poor  fellow 
is  lying  flat  on  his  back,  dead ;  the  author  of  his 
death  is  missing.  Mixed  with  this  'redware  we 
have  ladies'  ornaments,  some  very  odd ;  one 
bracelet  is  formed  out  of  a  bit  of  iron  wire,  and  that 
is  all ;  another  is  made  of  iron,  bronze,  and  copper 
wire  twisted  together,  showing  how  cheap  orna- 
ments were  fashionable  among  the  lower  orders 
then  as  now.  Among  them  must  probably  be 
classed  those  great  bone  skewers,  of  which  I  see 
so  many  lying  about,  if  indeed  some  of  them 
were  not  tools.  Do  you  want  to  know  what  the 
Romans  had  for  needles  and  pins  ?  here  you  may 
satisfy  your  curiosity.  Pins  there  are  of  bone 
and  ivory;  needles  also  of  the  same.  Some  of 
bronze  very  well  made,  but  rather  coarse,  from 
an  inch  to  six  inches  in  length.  See,  too,  there  is 
a  good  and  perfect  gimlet ;  look  at  the  ring  on 
the  top  to  put  a  cross  piece  of  wood  through 


3*«  S.  V.  Fiy*.  13,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


131 


instead  of  over  as  with  us.  Those  two  long 
spikes  are  no  doubt  the  tops  of  pila.  Now  turns 
up  a  meat  hook,  a  small  bell,  and  an  iron  finger- 
ring  ;  some  soldier's  perhaps.  Here  are  a  quan- 
tity'of  writing  pens,  with  sharp  points  at  one  end  to 
write  with,  and  a  flat  edge  at  the  other  to  erase  with. 
To  make  us  sure  that  the  bank  of  the  Thames 
in  Koman  times  extended  thus  far,  we  now  ac- 
tually come  upon  their  embankment ;  great  piles 
driven  in  with  transverse  timbers  all  along  the 
old  water  line.  But  now  we  must  bid  good  bye 
to  our  rubbish  heap,  for  down  comes  the  concrete, 
and  in  a  day  or  two  the  hole  will  be  closed  for 


ever ! 


J.  C.  J. 


A  GENERAL  LITERARY  INDEX:  INDEX  OF 
SUBJECTS. 

ROGATION   DAYS :    OMITTED   IN  WATT'S   "  BIBLIOTHECA 
BR1TANNICA." 

"  During  three  years  (458—460)  Auvergne  and  Dau- 
phine  were  convulsed  by  violent  and  continued  volcanic 
eruptions  ....  attended  by  earthquakes,  shaking  as  it 
were  the  foundations  of  the  earth.  Thunders  rolled 
through  the  subterraneous  caverns;  so  awful  were  the 
concussions,  the  sounds,  the  fires,  that  the  beasts  of  the 
forest,  driven  from  their  haunts,  sought  refuge  in  the 
abodes  of  mankind. 

"  An  impending  invasion  of  the  Goths  added  to  the 
terror  of  the  threaten  ings  of  Nature.  Instructed,  and  pro- 
fiting by  the  example  of  the  Ninevites,  Mamertus, 
Bishop  of  Vienne,  assembled  his  people  in  prayer  and 
humiliation.  To  avert  the  evil,  he  instituted  the  solemn 
Litanies,  or  Rogations  on  the  three  days  preceding  the 
Feast  of  the  Ascension,  because  they  were  the  only  days 
of  the  year  then  actually  set  apart  for  the  purpose  of  such 
solemn  supplications.  These  forms  of  prayer,  rendered 
more  impressive  by  the  awful  character  of  the  calamities 
and  portents  which  had  suggested  them,  corresponding 
so  nearly  with  the  signs  and  judgments  of  Scripture, 
were  speedily  adopted  throughout  Gaul  and  England. 
Here  they  were  continued  by  usage  and  tradition,  until 
finally  established  as  a  portion  of  the  national  ritual  in 
the,  Council  held  at  Cleofeshoe  (A.D.  749),  which  ap- 
pointed that  three  days  should  be  kept  holy,  after  the 
manner  of  former  times ;  and  it  is  hardly  needful  to  ob- 
serve, that  the  Rogation  days  retain  their  station  in  the 
Rubric  of  the  Church  of  England  at  the  present  day. 

"  A  remarkable  epistle  of  Sidonius  Apollinaris,  Bishop 
of  Clermont  .  .  .  addressed  to  Mamertus  himself  .... 
preserves  a  full  notice  of  the  earthquakes  and  volcanic 
eruptions.  Alcimus  Avitus,  the  successor  of  Mamertus, 
carries  on  the  chain  of  testimony.  This  prelate  .... 
composed  an  ample  series  of  Rogation  Homilies ;  and  in 
addressing  his  people,  he  recalls  to  their  memory  the 
events  which  a  great  portion  of  them  must  have  wit- 
nessed, and  exhorts  them  to  gratitude  for  the  deliverance 
they  had  received."  [Homilia  de  Rogat.  v.  Grynsei 
Orthodoxographa,  p.  1777 ;  Sirmondi  Opuscula,  ii.  150-7 ; 
Ejusdem  Opp.,  ii.  134-40 ;  Bibliotheca  Maxima,  ix.  591-2 ; 
Sermo  Feria  tertia  in  Rogat.  v.  Martene  Thesaurus,  i. 
47 — 56.] 

"  Amongst  the  strange  examples  of  the  oblivion  at- 
tending written  evidence,  not  merely  when  lurking  in 
Archives  or  concealed  in  manuscripts,  but  when  amply 
Jffused  by  means  of  the  printing-press,  we  may  remark 
that  this  is  perhaps  the  first  time  that  Avitus  has  been 
quoted  as  elucidating  either  Sidonius,  or  Gregory  of 


Tours — the  latter  of  whom  also  notices  the  events,  though 
with  more  brevity."  —  Quarterly  Review,  vol.  Ixxiv. 
294,  sgq. 

This  is  a  strange  statement,  inasmuch  as  in  the 
edition  of  Sidonius  by  Sirmondus,  referred  to  by 
this  writer,  as  in  that  by  Savaro,  these  two  au- 
thors— Sidonius  and  Avitus — are  illustrated  by 
each  other ;  and  Sirmondus  expressly  remarks : 
"  Cum  hac  autem  epistola  [lib.  vii.  ep.  1]  compa- 
randa  est  Alcimi  Aviti  Homilia  de  Rogationibus 
.  .  .  sunt  enim  ut  argumento,  sic  tota  narrationis 
serie  simillimae."  The  spiritual  weapons  with 
which  the  Arverni  were  instructed  by  Pope  Ma- 
mertus succeeded,  observes  Sidonius,  "  si  non 

eflectu  pari,  affectu  certe  non  impari 

Doces  denuntiatse  solitudinis  minas  orationum 
frequentia  esse  amoliendas  :  mones  assiduitatem 
furentis  incendii  aqua  potius  oculorum  quam 
fluminum  posse  restingui :  mones  minacem  terrae 
motuum  conflictationem  fidei  stabilitate  firman- 
dam."  Cf.  Baronii  Annal.  Eccl.  ad  A.c.  475  ; 
Beyerlinck,  Theatrum  Humana  Vitoe,  vi.  356. 

"  The  title  of  Pope  is  given  to  Mamertus  by  the 
early  writers,  and  perhaps  the  style  of  Pope  was 
assumed  by  or  given  to  the  see  of  Vienne — so 
venerable  for  its  antiquity." 

The  treatise,  De  Statu  Animce,  inserted  in  Gry- 
naei  Orthodoxographa  (pp.  1248 — 1306),  and  in 
Biblioth.  Maxima,  vi.,  is  by  a  brother  of  the  bishop. 
See  Butler's  Lives  of  the  Saints,  May  11. 

"  Quid  plura,"  writes  Gregory  of  Tours,  refer- 
ring to  the  same  terrors  (Hist.  Franc.,  lib.  ii. 
s.  34 ;  in  Bouquet,  Gallicarum  R.  S.,  ii.  553 ; 
Acta  Sanctorum,  Maii  xi.)  "penetravit  excelsa 
poli  oratio  Pontificis  inclyti,  restinxitque  domus 
incendium  flumen  profl uentium  lacrymarum."  Cf. 
Adonis  Chronicon,  ad  annum  452  (in  Bibl.  Pair., 
1618,  ix. ;  Bibl.  Maxima,  xv.  796)  ;  "Binii  Notas 
ad  Hilari  Papae  Epistolas,"  in  Labbe,  iv.  1047; 
and  "  Concil.  Arelatense,"  ibid.  p.  1040,  sqq.  ; 
Rupertus,  lib.  ix.  c.  5.  (In  Hittorpii  Suppl.  de 
Divinis  Ojficiis,  i.  1028).  Liturgia  Gallicana, 
Mabillonii,  p.  152.  Baronius  (ubi  supra,  vi.  310,) 
adds :  "  At  de  his  (Rogationibus)  consule  a  nobis 
dicta  in  Notationibus  ad  Romanum  Martyrologium 
(ad  25  Aprilis)  locupletius."  Other  authorities 
are  given  in  Ducange's  Glossarium. 

"  We  have  two  sermons  of  St.  Mammertus,  one  on  the 
Rogations,  the  other  on  the  Repentance  of  the  Ninevites, 
being  the  twenty-fourth  and  twenty-fifth  among  the  dis- 
courses which  bear  the  name  of  Eusebius  of  Emisa." 
[These  are  printed  in  Biblioth.  Pair.,  1618,  torn.  v.  par.  1, 
pp.  568-9,  sub  nomine  Eusebii  Gallicani.  By  Hooker  these 
Homilies  are  all  ascribed  to  Salvianus,  Book  vi.  iv.  6.] 
"For  an  account  of  the  literary  history  of  these  Homilies, 
and  of  the  various  opinions  which  have  been  entertained 
regarding  their  origin,  see  Oudin,  Comment,  de  Scriptor. 
Eccles.,  i.  390—426.  He  does  not  mention  Salvian  as  one 
of  the  supposed  authors,  but  after  deciding  against  the 
claims  of  Eucherius  and  Hilary  of  Aries,  acquiesces  in  that 
of  Faustus  Regiensis."— Keble. 

BlBLlOTHECAR.  CHETHAM. 


132 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  FEB.  13,  '64. 


CONGREVE  THE  POET. In  a  foot  note  to  p.   213, 

yol.  ii.,  Cunningham's  edition  of  Johnson's  Lives 
of  the  Poets,  it  is  stated  on  the  authority  of  Leigh 
Hunt,  that  Congreve's  mother  was  Anne  Fitzher- 
bert,  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  Fitzherbert.  This 
statement  is  erroneous.  The  mother  of  the  poet 
was  a  Miss  Browning;  his  grandmother  was  the 
Anne  Fitzherbert  spoken  of.  Congreve's  father 
was  Colonel  William  Congreve,  who  was  the  son 
of  Richard  Congreve,  a  cavalier  named  for  the 
Order  of  the  Royal  Oak.  Richard  Congreve  was 
descended  from  Richard  Congreve,  temp.  Henry 
VI ,  whose  ancestor  was  Galfrid  de  Congreve  of 
Stretton  and  Congreve,  temp.  Edward  II.  He 
was  descended  from  another  Galfrid  de  Congreve 
and  a  daughter  of  the  house  of  Drawbridgecourt 
of  Hants,  temp.  Richard  I.  The  family  was  settled 
at  Congreve,  in  Staffordshire,  long  before  the  Con- 
quest. °  The  best  portrait  of  Congreve  is  undoubt- 
edly that  by  Sir  Godfrey  Kneller,  now  in  the 
possession  of  the  junior  branch  of  the  family. 

H.  C. 

A   HEROINE.  —  The  following,   which  I  have 
extracted  from  a  New  York  paper,  seems  to  me 
.  worthy  of  preservation :  — 

"Mrs.  Catherine  Shepherd  has  just  died  at  Hudson, 
New  Jersey,  upwards  of  100  years  of  age.  Her  father 
was  Jacob  Van  Winkle,  a  descendant  of  one  of  the  origi- 
nal Dutch  settlers  there.  Her  husband  was  a  soldier  of  the 
revolution.  From  a  steeple  at  South  Bergen  she  saw  the 
British  fleet  take  possession  of  New  York,  and  the  British 
army  marching  to  Philadelphia.  The  British  soldiers 
hung  her  father  because  he  would  not  give  them  up  his 
money,  and  after  leaving  him  for  dead,  she  cut  him  down, 
and  restored  him  to  life.  She  risked  her  life  in  carrying  a 
message  to  the  American  commander  at  Belleville,  to 
•warn  him  of  a  night  attack  from  the  British  forces,  by 
which  she  saved  the  American  troops  from  destruction."" 

T.  B. 
PRIMULA  :  THE  PRIMROSE.  — 

"  'Cur,'  mea  Phillis  ait,  'de  te  mihi primula  venit, 

Primula,  flaventes  rore  gravata  comas?' 
Scilicet  ingenti  permiscet  gaudia  curse, 
Atque  inter  medias  spes  quoque  pallet  amor." 

I  forget  where  I  met  with  these  lines,  but  sus- 
pect they  are  of  Etonian  origin.  I  do  not  think 
they  have  ever  appeared  in  print. 

Primula  here  ^undoubtedly  means  the  primrose; 
but  the  London  gardeners  give  to  a  different  plant 
of  the  same  species,  which  bears  a  crimson  flower, 
the  name  of  primula.  See  in  the  conservatory  at 
the  Pantheon,  Oxford  Street,  Jan.  1864. 

W.  D. 

CAMEL  BORN  IN  ENGLAND.  —  On  Thursday  the 
7th  January  last,  a  young  camel  was  born  at  Hack- 
ney, during  the  stay  of  Wombwell's  Menagerie 
there.  As  this  is  said  to  be  the  first  instance  of 
one  being  born  in  this  country,  it  is  worth  noting. 

By-the-bye,  what  is  the  proper  name  for  a 
young  camel?  Is  it  a  calf?  J.  C.  J. 


SIR  FRANCIS  WALSINGHAM. — It  may  be  worth 
while  to  record  in  "  N.  &  Q."  that  Lodge  in  his 
memoir  of  this  statesman  gives  him  the  title  of 
K.  G.  But  on  reference  to  Beltz's  History  of  the 
Order  of  the  Garter,  I  do  not  find  his  name,  nor 
does  it  appear  in  the  Catalogue  of  these  Knights 
contained  in  Sir  Harris  Nicolas' s  Synopsis  of  the 
Peerage.  Sir  Francis  seems  to  have  received 
very  little  recompense  from  Queen  Elizabeth  for 
his  services.  SHEM. 

NEOLOGY.  —  A  few  days  ago,  I  was  at  a  party 
of  literary  people,  where  the  question  was  asked  : 
"  What  is  neology  ?"  The  answer  that  was  given, 
whatever  might  be  its  merits  in  other  respects, 
appeared  to  me  to  have  so  much  wit  in  it  as  to 
deserve  being  made  a  Note  of. 

"Neology" — said  the  gentleman  who  under- 
took to  solve  the  question  —  "Neology  is  the 
visible  horizon  that  bounds  the  out-look  of  the 
popular  mind  ;  and,  as  such,  it  recedes  as  the 
popular  mind  advances.  In  the  time  of  Galileo, 
the  revolution  of  the  earth  round  its  axis  was 
neology.  Half  a  century  ago,  neology  was  barely 
distinguishable  from  geology.  In  the  present  day, 
neology  consists  in  the  application — or,  as  some 
deem  it,  the  misapplication — of  learning  and  com- 
mon sense  to  the  records  of  revelation.  Who  can 
say  what  will  be  the  horizon  of  the  popular  mind 
ten  years  hence  ?  "  MELETES. 

LYNCH  LAW  IN  THE  TWELFTH  CENTURY.  —  I 
have  lately  stumbled  upon  the  following  in  Harl. 
MS.  3875,  fo.  288.  The  scribe,  in  a  side-note, 
naively  remarks  that  it  is  "  a  sharpe  reckoning  "  ; 
and  in  this  most  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
will  I  think  agree  :  — 

"  Testiculi  presbiteri  abscisi.  —  Alexander  archie'pus 
(Ebor')  salutem,  &c.  Noverit  universitas  vra,  quod  acce- 
dens  ad  nostram  p'sentiam  Joh'es  de  Clapham,  nobis  ex- 
posuit,  quod  ipse  olim  quendam  d'num  Jo'hem  Biset, 
capellanum,  cum  Johanna  filial  Lodowici  de  Skirrouthe, 
uxore  sua,  solum  cum  sola  in  camera  quadam  ostio  clause 
turpiter  invenit,  qui  dolorem  hujusmodi  ferre  non  valens, 
testiculos  prefati  Pre&byteri  abscidit.  Nos  autem,  auditis, 
et  plenius  intellectis  factis  antedictis  cum  cireumstantiis, 
p'fatum  Jo'hem  de  Clapham  ab  excessu  hujusmodi  absol- 
vimus  in  format  juris,  et  eidem  pro  p'missis  penam  in- 
junximus  salutarem.  Dat'  apud  Cawoode,  20°  Decembr, 
1377." 

JOHN  SLEIGH. 


THOMAS  JENNY,  REBEL  AND  POET. 

Thomas  Jenny,  gent.,  was  one  of  the  persons 
attainted  by  Parliament  in  respect  of  the  great 
northern  rebellion  in  1569. 

From  an  abstract  of  his  examination  in  Sir 
Cuthbert  Sharp's  Memorials  (271,  272)  it  ap- 
pears that  he  had  been  trained  up  under  Sir 
Henry  Norris  and  Thomas  Randolph  in  the 
queen's  service  in  France  and  Scotland. 


3Td  S.  V.  FEB.  13,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


133 


These  circumstances  render  it  almost  certain 
that  he  was  the  author  of  the  following  poems :  — 

Poem  by  Thomas  Jenye,  entitled  "  Maister  Randolphe's 
Phantasy,  a  brief  calculation  of  the  proceedings  in  Scot- 
land, from  the  first  of  July  to  the  last  of  December." 
[This  poem  extends  to  about  800  lines,  and  is  dedicated 
to  Thomas  Randolphe,  in  an  epistle  dated  by  the  author 
"  At  his  Chamber  in  Edinburgh,"  31  July,  1565.  It 
professes  to  give  an  account  of  the  proceedings  and 
troubles  in  Scotland,  consequent  on  the  marriage  of  the 
queen  with  Lord  Darnley,  and  is  supposed  to  be  narrated 
by  Thomas  Randolphe."]  (Thorpe's  Cal  Scottish  State 
Papers,  227.) 

"  A  Discovrs  of  the  present  troobles  in  Fraunce,  and 
miseries  of  this  tyme,  compyled  by  Peter  Ronsard,  gen- 
tilman  of  Vandome,  and  dedicated  unto  the  Queene 
Mother.  Translated  by  Thomas  Jeney,  gentilman.  Ant- 
werp, 4to,  1568.  Dedicated  to  Sir  Henry  Norries,  Knight, 
L.  ambassadour  resident  in  Fraunce."  (Ritson's  JBibl. 
Poetica,  257.) 

Randolph,  in  a  letter  to  Cecil,  dated  Berwick, 
May  26,  1566,  alludes  to  an  untrue  accusation 
against  him  of  writing  a  book  against  the  Queen 
of  Scots  called  Randolphes  Phantasy,  and  Queen 
Elizabeth,  by  a  letter  dated  Greenwich,  June  13, 
in  the  same  year,  remonstrates  with  the  Queen  of 
Scots  on  her  unjust  treatment  of  Mr.  Randolph 
in  regard  to  his  Phantasy.  (Thorpe,  234,  235.) 
Jenny,  after  his  attainder,  fled  from  England,  and 
was  at  Brussels  in  June  1570.  (Thorpe,  293.) 
He  was  living  there  in  1576,  and  had  a  pension 
from  the  king  of  Spain. 

He  is  sometimes  called  Genynges  or  Jennings. 

In  Wright's  Queen  Elizabeth  and  her  Times 
(i.  255)  is  a  letter  from  Mr.  Jenye  to  Cecil,  dated 
Rye,  13  July  [1567],  whereby  it  appears  that  the 
writer  had  come  from  Dieppe  to  Rye  in  order  to 
provide  an  English  barque  for  the  escape  of  the 
Earl  of  Murray  from  France.  The  allusion  to 
"  my  Lorde  my  master "  is  apparently  to  Sir 
Henry  Norris,  and  there  can  be  no  reasonable 
doubt  that  this  Thomas  Jenny  is  the  writer  of 
the  letter  referred  to. 

I  desire  specially  to  ascertain,  (1.)  Whether 
Maister  Randolphe's  Phantasy  was  printed,  and 
if  so,  where  ?  (2.)  Whether  Thomas  Jenny  can 
be  identified  with  Thomas  Brookesby,  alias  Jen- 
nings, who  figures  in  the  investigations  relative 
to  the  Gunpowder  Plot?  (See  Green's  Cal.  Dom. 
State  Papers,  Jas.  I.  i.  250,  292,  293,  297,  303.) 
And  generally  I  shall  be  glad  to  receive  any  other 
information  respecting  Thomas  Jenny  and  his 
Works.  's.  Y.  R. 


AMERICANISMS. — Are  the  words,  "conjure"  and 
"conjurations,"  unknown  in  England?  So  it 
would  seem  from  a  note  on  the  passage,  "  I  do 
defy  thy  conjurations  "  (Romeo  and  Juliet,  Act  V. 
Sc.  3),  in  Dyce's  Few  Notes  (p.  115),  where  the 
commentator  cites  a  passage  from  an  early  drama 
to  prove  that  conjuration  means  earnest  entreaty. 


The  word,  in  this  sense,  is  in  every-day  use  in 
the  United  States. 

I  find,  in  the  London  Spy  for  April,  1699  (p.  15.), 
the  expression :  "  When  we  had  liquored  our 
throats,"  &c.  Perhaps  this  may  be  regarded  ns 
the  origin  of  our  cant  phrase,  "  to  liquor,"  or  "  to 
liquor  up"  —  meaning,  to  take  a  dram.  It  is,  of 
course,  confined  to  the  vulgar. 

Mr.  Trollope,  in  his  North  America,  uses  the 
verb  "  be  little,"  which  has  always  been  considered 
a  gross  Americanism.  The  Greeks  used  the  verb 
HiKpvvw,  the  Germans  verkleineny  and  the  French 
rapettisser,  in  the  same  way.  J.  C.  LINDSAY. 

St.  Paul,  Minnesota. 

ANONYMOUS.  — 

"  The  Honour  of  Christ  vindicated ;  or,  a  Hue  and  Cry 
after  the  Bully  who  assaulted  Jacob  in  his  Solitude-. 
Printed  for,  and  sold  by  the  Booksellers  of  London  and 
Westminster.  M.D.CCXXXII." 

Who  wrote  this  tract,  which  is  dedicated  "  To 
the  Reverend  Dr.  J.  T."  Who  was  the  Doctor  ?  * 
It  advocates  the  view  that  an  emissary  of  Esau 
invaded  the  quiet  of  Jacob,  and  tried  to  assassi- 
nate him.  It  is  certainly  not  a  reverent  produc- 
tion ;  but  it  is  hard  to  say  what  was  considered 
irreverent  in  days  when  Swift  could  write  as  he 
wrote  on  the  subject  of  the  Spirit.  Would  the 
date  admit  of  the  tract  having  been  written  by 
that  bookseller,  named  Annett,  who  was  prose- 
cuted some  time  or  other  for  blasphemy  ?  C. 

AUBERY  AND  Du  VAT..  —  Can  you  refer  me  to 
any  information  respecting  Mons.  Aubery  and 
Mons.  Du  Val,  who  came  to  England  as  Commis- 
sioners of  France  in  the  reign  of  King  Edward 
VI.  ?  They  are  mentioned  in  a  letter  from  Tho- 
mas Barnabe  to  Sir  William  Cecil,  Secretary  of 
State,  to  be  found  in  Strype's  Ecclesiastical  Me- 
morials (edition  of  1822,  vol.  iv.  part  n.,  fol.  491). 

P.  S.  C. 

GREAT  BATTLE  OF  CATS.  —  More  than  thirty 
years  ago,  I  have  a  perfect  recollection  of  hearing 
the  following  strange  story  told  as  a  fact,  by  a 
gentleman  who  believed  it  to  be  true.  I  was 
very  young  at  the  time,  and  the  story  made  a 
strange  impression  on  my  mind.  I  find  it  in  an 
old  note-book  of  my  own,  from  which  I  wish  to 
transfer  it  to  a  lasting  niche  in  "  N.  &  Q.  " 

The  narrator,  was  a  Kilkenny  gentleman,  and 
the  scene  of  the  alleged  conflict  was  laid  on  a  plain 
near  that  ancient  city.  The  time  might  have  been 
some  forty  years  before  the  tale  "  as  it  was  told  to 
me  :"  so  that,  calculating  up  to  the  .present  time, 
the  bella  horrida  bella  would  be  about  seventy-five 
or  eighty  years  ago.  My  informant  stated  that 
he  knew  persons,  then  alive,  who  actually  in- 
spected the  "  fiejd,  after  the  battle." 

One  night,  in  the  summer  time,  all  the  cats  in 

[*  Probably  the  Rev.  Dr.  Joseph  Trapp.— ED.] 


134 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  FEB.  13,  '64. 


the  city  and  county  of  Kilkenny,  were  absent  from 
their  "  local  habitations  ;"  and  next  morning,  the 
plain  alluded  to  (I  regret  I  have  not  the  name)  was 
found  covered  with  thousands  of  slain  tabbies  ;  and 
the  report  was,  that  almost  all  the  cats  in  Ireland 
had  joined  in  the  contest ;  as  many  of  the  slain 
had  collars  on  their  necks,  which  showed  that 
they  had  collected  from  all  quarters  of  the  island. 
The  cause  of  the  quarrel,  however,  was  not  stated ; 
but  it  seemed  to  have  been  a  sort  of  provincial 
faction  fight  between  the  cats  of  Ulster  and 
Leinster — probably  the  quadrupeds  took  up  the 
quarrels  of  their  masters,  as  at  that  period  there 
was  very  ill  feeling  between  the  people  of  both 
provinces.  I  have  no  doubt,  that  this  Note  will 
elicit  something  further  on  this  curious  story,  of 
which  the  above  is  a  skeleton. 

This  has  nothing  to  do  with  the  story  of  the 
two  famous  Kilkenny  cats.  S.  REDMOND. 

Liverpool. 

BECKET.  —  Can  any  reader  give  me  a  clue  to 
the  history  of  a  "  Captain  Becket,"  who  perished 
fighting  under  Marlborough  (where,  I  cannot 
say)  ?  He  married  Elenor  Percy.  The  tradition 
is,  that  she  was  a  ward  in  Chancery  ;  and  that,  in 
consequence  of  his  marriage  with  her,  Becket  was 
obliged  to  escape  to  the  Continent.  His  descend- 
ants are  quite  numerous.  ST.  T. 

ROBERT  CALLIS  was  author  of  The  Reading  upon 
the  Statute  23  Hen.  VIII.  cap.  5,  of  Sewers,  2nd 
edit.  1685,  4to.  I  shall  be  glad  of  any  informa- 
tion concerning  him  or  his  family. 

EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

Bottesford  Manor,  Brigg. 

POSTERITY  OF  THE  EMPEROR  CHARLEMAGNE. — 
It  would  appear  by  Burke's  Peerage,  and  indeed 
by  other  publications  of  a  kindred  character,  that 
Lord  Kingsale  derives  his  descent  from  John, 
only  son  of  William  De  Courci,  Baron  of  Stoke- 
Courci,  co.  Somerset,  and  Lord  of  Harewood. 

An  inquisition  held  on  the  death  of  this  Wil- 
liam De  Courci,  who  was  Justice  of  Normandy, 
and  who  died  A.D.  1186,  represents  that  he  had 
but  one  son  William,  and  a  daughter  Alice,  who 
married  Waryn  Fitz-Gerold,  Chamberlain  to 
King  John. 

According  to  the  testimony  of  deeds,  the  au- 
thority of  which  is  unquestioned  and  unquestion- 
able, William  de  Courci,  brother  of  Alice,  wife  of 
Waryn  Fitz-Gerold,  died  unmarried  and  without 
issue,  9  Ric.  I.,  whereupon  his  sister  Alice  became 
his  sole  heir,  in  which  capacity  she  had  livery  of 
all  his  estates.  In  further  confirmation  of  this 
fact,  Waryn  Fitz-Gerold,  only  son  and  heir  of  his 
mother  Alice,  obtained,  A.D.  1205,  a  charter  of 
free  warren  in  respect  of  the .  manor  of  Hare- 
wood.  That  William  de  Courci  was  the  last 
lineal  descendant  in  the  male  line  of  the  Emperor 
Charlemagne.  This  being  the  case,  perhaps  from 


some  of  your  numerous  correspondents  informa- 
tion may  be  obtained  as  to  the  origin  of  the  house 
of  Kingsale.  HIPPEUS. 

FAMILY  OF  DE  SCARTH.  — Can  your  corre- 
spondent P.  inform  me  whereabouts  in  Holstein 
stands  the  stone  marking  the  place  where  fell 
Skartha,  the  friend  and  companion  of  Swein  ? 
This  Swein,  or  Sweyne,  must  be  the  King  of 
Denmark  who,  in  the  year  1003,  established  him- 
self in  England ;  if  so,  he  probably  bestowed  the 
lands  in  Orkney,  bearing  the  name  of  Skarth,  on 
his  descendants  (after  whom  they  would  be  thus 
named)  to  be  held  by  udal  tenure,  which  it  seems 
is  peculiar  to  Orkney,  though  your  other  corre- 
spondent, SHOLTO  MACDUFF,  says  that  in  Annan- 
dale  some  lands  were  granted  under  a  somewhat 
similar  title  by  Bruce,  the  Lord  of  Annandale,  on 
his  inheriting  the  throne,  to  the  garrison  of  his 
castle.  I  merely  throw  out  this  suggestion  for 
the  sake  of  a  reply  from  those  better  informed 
than  myself,  and  I  should  be  glad  to  hear  more 
on  the  subject.  J.  S.  D. 

THE  DANISH  RIGHT  OF  SUCCESSION.  —  Can  any 
of  your  numerous  Shaksperian  readers  account 
for,  or  explain  why,  the  right  of  succession,  which, 
on  the  death  of  the  king  should  have  seated 
Hamlet  on  the  throne  of  Denmark,  is  never 
alluded  to  by  any  one  in  the  whole  course  of  the 
play  ?  And  I  should  also  be  glad  to  know  if  any 
of  the  commentators  have  made  any  observations 
on  the  subject  ?  G.  E. 

ENGRAVING  ON  GOLD  AND  SILVER. — Permit  me 
to  inquire,  how  long  has  the  art  of  engraving 
articles  of  gold  and  silver  been  practised?  I 
have  looked  into  Herbert's  History  of  the  Gold- 
smiths' Company,  but  he  is  not  definite  on  this 
head.  I  should  like  to  know  the  first  engraved 
arms.  This  was  probably  on  a  salt,  which  was 
formerly  placed  in  the  centre  of  a  table :  above 
which,  sat  the  lord  and  his  family  ;  below,  the 
higher  servants  of  the  household.  Hence  the  by- 
word, to  "  sit  below  the  salt."  INQUIRER. 

DESCENDANTS  OF  FITZJAMES. — In  what  book, 

English  or  foreign,  can  I  find  an  account  of  the 

descendants,  to  the  present  time,  of  James  Fitz- 

james,  Duke  of  Berwick,  natural  son  of  James  II.  ? 

CHARLES  F.  S.  WARREN. 

THOMAS  GILBERT,  ESQ.  —  A  volume,  styled 
Poems  on  Several  Occasions,  by  Thomas  Gilbert, 
Esq.,  late  Fellow  of  Peter  House,  in  Cambridge, 
was  published  in  London,  8vo,  in  the  year  1747. 
The  dedication  of  the  work  is  to  J.  Hall  Steven- 
son, Esq.,  of  Skelton  Castle,  and  dated  from 
Skinningrave.  Information  respecting  this  gen- 
tleman is  requested  by  EDWARD  HAILSTONE. 

Horton  Hall. 


3'i  S.  V.  FEB.  13,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


135 


POSTERITY  OP  HAROLD,  KING  or  ENGLAND. — 
A  genealogical  work,  entitled,  Recherches  sur 
TOrigine  de  plusieurs  Maisons  Souveraines  a" Eu- 
rope, compiled  at  St.  Petersburgh  by  the  Baron 
de  Koehne,  and  printed  at  Berlin  by  Ferdinand 
Schneider  in  1863,  states  that  Wladimir,  Grand 
Duke  of  Kiew,  seventh  in  descent  from  Rurick, 
and  ancestor  of  the  Romanof  Emperors  of  Russia, 
married  Gida,  daughter  of  Harold  II.,  King  of 
England. 

Can  any  genealogist  say  whether  Harold  had  a 
daughter  named  Gida,  or  whether  he  left  any 
posterity  at  all  ?  HIPPEUS. 

HINDOO  GODS.  —  Is  there  any  book  with  a  list 
of  most  of  the  Hindu  gods  and  illustrations  of 
their  images  ?  Having  a  number  of  idols  in  bronze 
and  stone,  I  am  desirous  of  naming  them ;  -and  the 
account  given  in  The  Wanderings  of  a  Pilgrim  in 
Search  of  the  Picturesque  is  the  only  book  I  have 
on  the  subject. 

Also,  I  should  be  obliged  if  I  could  be  in- 
formed what  constitutes  the  difference  between 
the  images  of  Budha  and  Gauda. 

JOHN  DAVIDSON. 

THE  IRON  MASK. — Among  the  arms  brought 
from  Paris  to  this  country,  after  the  defeat  of 
Napoleon,  and  now  displayed  as  a  trophy  in  the 
Rotunda  at  Woolwich,  may  be  seen  the  armour 
of  the  renowned  Chevalier  de  Bayard,  and  a 
curious  helmet,  or  iron  mask,  which  I  have  heard 
some  persons  affirm  to  be  the  iron  mask  which 
figures  so  conspicuously  in  the  romance  of  French 
history.  Can  you,jpr  any  of  your  readers  decide, 
whether  it  is  that  famous  headpiece  ?  H.  C. 

LEIGHTON  FAMILY.  —  A  daughter  of  the  Hon. 
Mr.  Compton,  one  of  the  younger  sons  of  the  Earl 
of  Northampton,  married  Mr.  Leighton,  whose 
son,  Wm.  Leighton,  married  Miss  Dilly,  of  the 
family  of  the  publisher  Dilly,  of  the  Poultry,  Lon- 
don. I  wish  to  ascertain  the  true  spelling  of 
Leighton.  Has  the  family  ever  spelt  it  Layton  ? 

CARILFORD. 

Capetown. 

MATTHEW  LOCKE. — I  am  anxious  to  find  out 
whether  Matthew  Lock,  the  composer  of  the 
music  in  Macbeth,  married  Alice  Smyth. 

Edmund  Smyth,  of  Annables,  Herts,  had  ten 
children,  of  whom  Alice  was  probably  the  youngest. 
I  do  not  know  the  exact  date  of  her  birth,  but  her 
father's  seventh  child  was  born  in  1648.  Alice 
was  married  to  Matthew  Lock,  whose  arms  were : 
1,  3,  5,  azure;  2,  4,  6,  or ;  a  falcon,  with  wings 
expanded,  or. 

Were  these  the  arms  of  the  musician  ?  And  if 
he  was  not  the  husband  of  Alice  Smyth,  was  he 
any  relation  ?  j\  j^ 

LORD  MOHUN'S  DEATH,  1677.— In  a  MS.  letter 
before  me,  written  to  Locke  in  October,  1677,  it 


is  mentioned :  "  My  Lord  Mohun  hath  lately  de- 
ceased of  his  wound,  to  the  great  affliction  of  all 
his  friends."  This  was  the  fourth  Lord  Mohun, 
who  was  an  active  politician  in  Charles  II.'s  reign 
in  opposition  to  the  court,  and  had  made  a  cele- 
brated motion  in  1675  for  the  dissolution  of  the 
Parliament.  Can  any  of  your  readers  help  me  to 
any  particulars  about  Lord  Mohun's  death  ? 

C.  H. 

NAPOLEON  THE  FIRST. — Is  there  any  published 
work  in  which  I  can  find  the  actual  number  of 
men  raised  by  Napoleon  :  the  details,  manner, 
and  times  of  the  several  levies,  whether  by  en- 
rolment, enlistment,  or  otherwise  ?  The  histories 
to  which  I  have  access  simply  say-  that  he  took 
the  field  with  so  many  men ;  that  he  now  en- 
larged his  army  by  such  and  such  a  number,  &c. 
The  information  which  I  seek  is  such  as  might  be 
valuable  to  a  general  recruiting- officer,  or  a 
provost-marshal.  ST.  T. 

THE  OATH  EX-OFFICIO.  —  Can  any  of  your 
readers  refer  me  to  the  form  of  this  oath  ?  It  was 
administered  in  the  Star  Chamber,  and  in  the 
Court  of  High  Commission.  It  compelled  the 
person  to  confess  or  accuse  himself  of  any  criminal 
matter.  It  was  abolished  by  the  13th  Car.  II. 
cap.  12.  JOHN  S.  BURN. 

Henley. 

POPE'S  PORTRAIT.  —  Can  any  one  explain  the 
allusion  to  Pope's  portrait  in  the  following  pas- 
sage of  Tristram  Shandy,  vol.  viii.  chap.  ii.  ?  — 

"  Pope  and  his  portrait  are  fools  to  me  —  no  martyr  is 
ever  so  full  of  faith  or  fire  —  I  wish  I  could  say  of  good 
works  too." 

Sterne  has  added  a  note  to  the  passage,  "  Vide 
Pope's  Portrait."  J.  B.  GREENING. 

PRACTICE  or  PHYSIC  BY  WILLIAM  DRAGE.  — 
I  possess  a  curious  old  book  with  the  title  :  — 

"  The  Practice  of  Physick ;  or,  the  Law  of  God  (called 
Nature)  in  the  Body  of  Man,  &c.  &c.  To  which  is  added 
A  Treatise  of  Diseases  from  Witchcraft.  By  William 
Drage,  Med.  and  Philos.  at  Hitchin,  in  Hertfordshire. 
London :  Printed  for  George  Calvert,  at  the  Half-Moon 
in  St.  Paul's  Churchyard,  1666." 

A  second  title  describes  the  latter  work  :  — 
"  Daimonomageid ;  a  Small  Treatise  of  Sicknesses  and 
Disease  from  Witchcraft  and  Supernatural  Causes.  Never 
before,  at  least  in  this  comprised  Order  and    general 
manner,  was  the  like  published." 

This  appears  to  have  been  printed  by  J.  Dover, 
living  in  St.  Bartholomew's  Close,  1665,  and  is 
separately  paged. 

I  have  before  seen  a  copy  of  this  work,  but 
without  the  "  Treatise  on  Witchcraft ;  "  but  I 
ind  no  mention  of  the  author  in  Bonn's  Lowndes. 
Can  you  give  me  information  respecting  him,  and 
whether  he  is  the  author  of  any  works  on  philo- 
sophical subjects  ?  T.  B. 


136 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  FEB.  13,  '64. 


PROVERBIAL  SAYINGS.  —  Two  common  sayings 
are,  "  One  half  of  the  world  knows  not  how  the 
other  lives,"  and  "  Needs  must  when  the  Devil 
drives."  They  are  (the  latter  slightly  varied)  in 
Bishop  Hall's  Holy  Observations,  Nos.  xvii.  and 
xxx.  (Works,  ed.  1837,  101,  103.)  Is  this  their 
original  source  ?  LTTTELTON. 

STONE  BRIDGE. —  In  a  document  bearing  date 
1599,  an  event  is  recorded  as  having  occurred  at 
"  Stone  Bridge,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Martin's-in- 
the-Fields."  Where  was  Stone  Bridge  ? 

F.  S.  MERRY  WEATHER. 

ULICK,  A  CHRISTIAN  NAME. — What  may  have 
been  the  origin  of  this  name,  which  at  first  was 
peculiar  to  members  of  the  family  of  De  Burgh, 
but  was  subsequently  used  by  many  others  in 
Ireland  ?  ABHBA. 

WHITE  HATS. — When  did  the  fashion  of  wear- 
ing a  white  hat  commence  ?  Had  the  colour  in 
question  any  political  significance  ?  Whence,  also, 
its  continued  unpopularity  ?  for,  twenty  years 
since,  the  wearer  of  one  was  hooted  at  by  boys 
in  the  streets,  and  termed  a  "  Radical ; "  and,  even 
now,  he  is  frequently  questioned  by  them  as  to 
his  affinity  to  the  "  Man  who  stole  the  Donkey." 

White  hats  are  evidently  of  old  date  (whatever 
their  shape  might  have  been),  as  can  be  shown 
by  the  following  extract  from  one  of  the  letters 
carried  by  Lord  Macguire  to  his  execution  (A.  D. 
1644) : — 

"  Most  loving  Sir. — My  master  his  coach  shall  wait  for 

r  infallibly. — That  day  your  friend  William  shall  go 
coach  all  the  way,  upon  a  red  horse,  with  a  white  hat, 
and  in  a  gray  jacket,  and  then,"  &c.  &c. —  Vide  Rush- 
worth's  Collections,  vol.  v.  pt.  in.  p.  737. 

ARTHUR  HOULTON. 

LIFE  OF  EDWARD,  SECOND  MARQUIS  OF  WOR- 
CESTER.—  Having  been  some  years  collecting  ma- 
terials for  a  Life  of  Edward,  second  Marquis  of 
Worcester,  author  of  the  Century  of  Inventions,  I 
have  consulted  the  British  Museum  Library, 
State  Paper  Office,  Bodleian  Library,  and  the 
Beaufort  MSS.,  &c. 

The  work  affords  an  excellent  opportunity  for 
the  introduction  of  any  information,  particularly 
arising  from  stray  MS.  documents,  however  ap- 
parently uninteresting.  I  have  reason  to  believe 
that  many  of  his  letters  lie  scattered,  one  here, 
another  far  distant ;  also,  receipts  for  the  loans  of 
money  during  the  Commonwealth,  and  between 
1660  and  1666. 

Information  respecting  his  "  honoured  friend," 
Colonel  Christopher  Coppley,  would  likewise  be 
interesting.  He  was  under  Fairfax's  command 
in  the  north. 

My  work  is  written  in  order  of  date,  and  will 
extend  to  from  400  to  500  pages  octavo.  H.  D. 


'r£  toiifj 

HILTON  CREST:  "  HOUMOUT." — 1.  Why  do  the 
Hiltons  of  Hilton  Hall,  Durham,  bear  'as  their 
crest  the  singular  device  of  a  Moses'  head  ? 

2.  The  entire  motto  of  Edward  the  Black 
Prince  is  stated  to  have  been,  "  De  par  houmout. 
ich  dien."  To  what  language  does  "houmout" 
belong,  and  what  is  its  signification  ?  DENKMAL. 
[The  Hilton  crest,  as  given  by  Surtees  (Durham,  ii. 
20),  is  "  on  a  close  helmet,  Moses's  head  in  profile,  in  a 
rich  diapered  mantle,  the  horns  not  in  the  least  radiated, 
but  exactly  resembling  two  poking -sticks."  This  is  pro- 
bably one  of  the  earliest  exemplars  of  this  singular  bear- 
ing, which  Dr.  Burn  (History  of  Westmoreland,  i.  541), 
calls  "  the  crest  of  cuckoldom."  He  says,  "  Horns  upon 
the  crest  (according  to  that  of  Silius  Italicus,  *  Casside 

cornigera  dependens  infula ')  were  erected  in  terrorem. 

And  after  the  husband  had  been  absent  for  three  or  four 
years,  and  came  home  in  his  regimental  accoutrements,  it 
might  be  no  impossible  supposition,  that  the  man  who 
wore  the  horns  was  a  cuckold.  And  this  accounts  also, 
why  no  author  of  that  time,  when  this  droll  notion  was 
started,  hath  ventured  to  explain  the  connection.  For 
woe  be  to  the  man  in  those  days  that  should  have  made  a 
joke  of  the  holy  war ;  which,  indeed,  in  consideration  of 
the  expence  of  blood  and  treasure  attending  it,  was  a 
very  serious  affair." 

Several  attempts  have  been  made  to  ascertain  the  origin 
and  the  meaning  of  Houmout,  one  of  the  mottoes  of  Edward 
the  Black  Prince.  (See  two  papers  in  the  Aichccologia,  vols. 
xxxi.  and  xxxii. ;  the  first  by  Sir  Nicholas  Harris  Nico- 
las, and  the  second  by  J.  R.  Planche',  Esq.)  According 
to  the  former,  "  the  motto  is  probably  formed  of  the  two 
old  German  words,  Hoogh  moed,  hoo  mocd,  or  hoogh-moe, 
i.  e.  magnanimous,  high-spirited,  and  was  probably 
adopted  to  express  the  predominant  quality  of  the  Prince's 
mind."  Mr.  Planche',  on  the  other  hand,  conceives  that 
"  Houmout  is  strictly  speaking  Flemish  ;  and,  instead  of 
considering  •  Houmout'  and 'Ich  Dien'  as  two  separate 
mottoes,  is  inclined  to  look  upon  them  as  forming  one 
complete  motto." 

Dr.  Bell,  however,  by  dividing  "  Houmout "  into  two 
words,  is  of  opinion  that  "  the  entire  rendering  Hou  mout 
ICH  DIEN  is  almost  vernacular,  and  plain  English  How 
MUST  I  SERVE."  Vide  his  recent  work  New  Readings 
for  the  Motto  of  the  Prince  of  Wales,  Part  I.  8vo,  1861.] 

TROUSERS.  —  When  did  the  word  "  trousers  " 
come  into  the  language  ?  It  is  never  used  in  this 
country  except  among  Englishmen,  "  pantaloons  " 
being  the  substitute.  J.  C.  LINDSAY. 

St.  Paul,  Minnesota. 

[This  word  (variously  spelt  trossers,  trousers,  and  trow- 
zers)  frequently  occurs  in  the  old  dramatic  writers.  In 
Act  I.  Sc.  1,  of  Ben  Jonson's  Staple  of  Newes,  Peniboy, 
junior,  "walks  in  his  gowne,  waistcoate,  and  trouses,"  ex- 
pecting his  tailor.  A  man  in  The  Coxcomb  of  Beaumont 
and  Fletcher,  speaking  to  an  Irish  servant,  says,  "I'll 
have  thee  flead,  and  trossers  made  of  thy  skin  to  tumble 
in."  Trossers  appear  to  have  been  tight  breeches. 


3rd  S.  V.  FEB.  13,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


137 


"  Trowses  (says  the  explanatory  Index  to  Cox's  History 
of  Ireland)  are  breeches  and  stockings  made  to  sit  as  close 
to  the  body  as  can  be."  See  the  Commentators  on  Shak- 
speare,  King  Henry  V.t  Act  III.  Sc.  7.] 

DR.  GEORGE  OLIVER.  —  What  relation  is  the 
Dr.  George  Oliver,  the  author  of  The  Religious 
Houses  of  Lincolnshire  and  other  works  on  Free- 
masonry, to  the  late  Dr.  George  Oliver,  the  His- 
torian of  Devon,  and  author  of  several  works  of 
a  kindred  nature  ?  They  appear  to  have  been 
written  about  the  same  period.  As  the  names 
are  similar,  can  a  distinct  list  of  each  author's 
writing  be  procured,  as  it  appears  very  difficult 
to  make  it  from  the  Publisher's  Catalogue  f 

A  DEVONIAN. 

[Future  biographers  and  bibliographers,  it  is  to  be 
feared,  will  be  sorely  puzzled  in  assigning  to  each  of  the 
above  authors  his  own  special  productions.  Their  Chris- 
tian and  surnames  are  not  only  the  same ;  but  both  were 
contemporaries,  and  both  divines,  Doctors  in  Divinity,  as 
well  as  ecclesiastical  antiquaries.  For  lists  of  their  re- 
spective works  consult  Bonn's  new  edition  of  Lowndes. 
We  cannot  trace  any  relationship  between  the  late  Dr. 
George  Oliver,  D.D.  of  St.  Nicholas  Priory,  Exeter,  and 
the  present  Rector  of  South  Hykeham,  Lincolnshire.] 

BISHOP  ANDREWES'  WILL. — In  a  list  of  printed 
wills,  given  by  MR.  C.  H.  COOPER  (3rd  S.  iii.  30), 
is  that  of  Bishop  Andrewes.  May  I  ask  your  cor- 
respondent where  I  can  find  a  copy  ?  An  outline 
of  jthe  will  is  published  in  Gutch's  Collectanea 
Curiosa  (vol.  ii.),  and  an  extract  in  "  The  Life 
of  Andrews,"  No.  ill.  of  The  Englishman  s  Li- 
brary ;  but  I  do  not  think  the  will  has  ever  been 
printed  in  its  integrity.  I  possess  a  MS.  copy. 

JlJXTA  TURRIM. 

[Bishop  Andrewes's  Will,  with  three  Codicils,  is  printed 
in  extenso  from  the  original  in  the  Registry  of  the  Pre- 
rogative Court  of  Canterbury,  in  his  Two  Answers  to 
Cardinal  Perron,  published  in  the  Library  of  Anglo-Ca- 
tholic Theology,  8vo,  1854.] 

TOP  or  HIS  BENT.  —  How  is  this  expression  de- 
rived ?  ST.  T. 

[From  Bend,  to  make  crocked ;  to  inflect ;  as  in  Hamlet, 
Act  IV.  Sc.  2. :  «  They  fool  me  to  the  top  of  my  bent;  " 
to  which  Mr.  Douce  has  added  the  following  note :  "  Per- 
haps a  term  in  archery ;  t.  e.  as  far  as  the  bow  will  admit 
of  being  bent  without  breaking."] 

BLIND  ALEHOUSE.  —  What  is  the  meaning  of 
this  ?  I  find  it  in  the  Life  of  Nich.  Ferrar, 
Wordsworth's  Eccles.  Biog.  v.  183,  edit.  1818. 

ST.  T. 

[The  phrase  "  Blind-alehouse  "  occurs  also  in  Etherege's 
Comical  Revenge,  1699 :  "  Is  the  fidler  at  hand  that  us'd  to 
ply  at  the  blind-alehouse  ?  "  We  also  read  of  a  blind  path. 
The  meaning  of  both  phrases  is  clearly  that  of  unseen ; 
put  of  public  view;  not  easy  to  be  found  ;  private.  Gosson, 
in  his  Schole  of  Abuse,  1579,  mentions  Chenas,  "a.  blind 
village  in  comparison  of  Athens."] 


A  FINE  PICTURE  OF  POPE. 
(3rd  S.  v.  72.) 

INCREDULUS  having  appealed  to  a  Gloucester 
correspondent  to  clear  up  the  mystery  of  the 
"  Curious  Discovery  at  Gloucester "  of  "  a  fine 
picture  of  Pope,"  and  of  "  The  Temptation,"  by 
Guido,  I  gladly  embrace  the  opportunity  of  placing 
your  readers  in  possession  of  what  information  1 
have  been  able  to  glean  in  reference  to  it.  The 
"  Curious  Discovery "  surprised  no  one  more 
than  Mr.  Kemp,  the  master  of  our  School  of  Art. 
An  Italian  master  found  under  his  very  nose,  and 
he  not  aware  of  it ! 

The  paragraph  in  The  Builder  has  but  a  very 
slight  substratum  of  truth.  In  the  first  place,  the 
"  discovery,"  if  a  discovery  at  all,  is  by  no  means 
a  recent  one.  The  picture  said  to  be  by  Guido 
was  never  walled  up  in  any  recess,  but  occupied 
a  panel  in  Mr.  Kemp's  bedroom,  and  was  never 
considered  to  be  of  any  value,  either  by  Mr. 
Kemp,  an  artist  of  experience,  who  closely  in- 
spected it,  or  by  any  gentleman  connected  with 
the  Art  School.  It  was,  I  am  assured,  coarse  in 
execution,  and  as  a  work  of  art  almost  contempt- 
ible. Mr.  Kemp  remarked,  also,  that  the  head 
of  the  Tempter  appeared  to  have  been  painted 
more  recently  than  the  other  parts  of  the  body. 

The  picture  said  to  be  of  Pope  occupied  an 
oval  panel  (evidently  constructed  for  it)  over  the 
kitchen  mantelpiece,  and,  from  what  I  have  heard 
of  it,  I  am  inclined  to  think  it  merits  as  little  con- 
sideration as  The  Builder's  Italian  master.  It 
was  surmounted  by  a  bust,  which  certainly  bears 
a  resemblance  to  Pope,  judging  from  the  most 
authentic  portraits  of  him.  The  old  housekeeper 
at  the  School  (an  illiterate  woman)  believed  it 
to  be  a  portrait,  not  of  Pope,  but  of  a  Pope  (of 
Rome),  and  on  that  ground  had  a  great  aversion 
to  it,  and  regarded  it  with  a  painful  degree  of 
awe.  She  used  to  say  that  the  eyes  of  the  pic- 
ture (though  it  was  much  injured  by  dirt,  smoke, 
&c.,  "  followed  her  all  over  the  kitchen  when  she 
was  at  work  ;"  and  she  did  not  attempt  to  conceal 
her  satisfaction  on  its  removal. 

The  house  in  which  the  alleged  discovery  was 
made  once  belonged  to  the  Guises,  as  is  evidenced 
by  the  arms  of  that  family  being  carved  in  several 
of  the  rooms.  The  modern  owner  was  Miss  Cother, 
from  whom  Mr.  Baylis  probably  obtained  the 
pictures.  By  the  way,  if  I  am  not  misinformed, 
Mr.  Baylis,  some  years  ago  practised  as  a  surgeon 
in  this  city,  and  was  doubtless  acquainted  with 
Miss  Cother. 

There  is  a  tradition  that  Pope  was  a  frequent 
visitor  at  this  mansion,  and  one  of  its  old  walnut 
pannelled  rooms  is  yet  called  "  Pope's  Study." 

I  shall  be  happy  to  furnish  any  other  informa- 
tion that  can  be  obtained.  F.  G.  B. 


138 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


s.  V.  FEB.  13,  '64. 


SOCRATES'  OATH  BY  THE  DOG. 

(3rd  S.  iv.  475,  527;  v.  85.) 
Your  correspondents  who  have  remarked  upon 
the  above  well-known  oath  of  Socrates,  have  not 
noticed  the  fact  that  the  philosopher  is  alluding  to 
the  worship  paid  to  the  Egyptian  divinity,  Anubis. 
Socrates  expressly  refers  to  this  deity  in  the  words, 
^  et  rovro  fdfffis  aveteyKTOV,  ju&  r\)V  Kvva,  rbv  fdyvirr'aav 
6f6v,  o&  aoir  6no\oyfi<T€i  KaXAi/cAT/y,  K.T.A..  The  use  of 
this  form  of  oath  has  its  origin  in  the  religious 
scruples  of  the  mind  of  the  devout  Greek.  Ac- 
cording to  tradition  Rhadamanthus  first  imposed 
upon  the  Cretans  the  law  "  that  men  should  not 
swear  by  the  Gods,  but  by  the  dog,  the  ram,  the 
goose,  or  the  plane  tree."  Your  correspondent, 
MB.  J.  EASTWOOD  (3rd  S.  iv.  527),  very  perti- 
nently refers  to  Potter's  Grecian  Antiquities  for 
information  on  the  subject.  The  passage  in  ques- 
tion is  so  interesting  that  I  will  briefly  quote  some 
of  its  parts :  — 

"  Sometimes  either  out  of  haste,  or  assurance  of  their 
being  in  the  right,  they  swore  indefinitely  by  any  of  the 
Gods.  .  .  .  Others,  thinking  it  unlawful  to  use  the 
name  of  God  upon  every  slight  occasion,  said  no  more 
than  Nal  /MX.  rov,  or  "  By"  &c.,  by  a  religious  ellipsis 
omitting  the  name.  Suidas  also  mentions  the  same  cus- 
tom, which,  saith  he  (£u0jiu£"ei  irpbs  eycre/Setaj/),  inures 
men  to  a  pious  regard  for  the  name  of  God.  Isocrates,  in 
Stobaeus,  forbids  to  swear  by  any  of  the  Gods  in  any  suit 
of  law  about  money,  and  only  allows  it  on  two  accounts, 
either  to  vindicate  yourself  from  the  imputation  of  some 
wickedness,  or  to  deliver  your  friends  from  some  great 
danger.  .  .  .  Pythagoras,  as  Hierocles  informs  us, 
.  .  .  rarely  swore  by  the  Gods  himself,  or  allowed  his 
scholars  to  do  so ;  instead  of  the  Gods,  he  advised  them  to 
swear  by  r^v  rerpaKT^  « the  number  four,"  ...  as 
thinking  the  perfection  of  the  soul  consisted  in  this  number, 
there  being  in  every  soul  a  mind,  science,  opinion,  and  sense. 
...  By  which  instances  it  appears  that  though  the 
custom  of  swearing  upon  light  and  frivolous  occasions  was 
very  common  among  the  Greeks  ...  yet  the  more 
wise  and  considerate  sort  entertained  a  most  religious  re- 
gard for  oaths."— Antiquities  of  Greece,  i.  pp.  293,  294. 

Porphyry's  words,  to  which  Bryant  (Ancient 
Mythology,  i.  p.  345)  refers,  are  as  follows :  — 

Ot;5e  'S.wKpdTT/is,  rbf  Kwa  Kal  rbv  xnva  O)iu/lk,  eTrcufej/, 
oA\ei  Karct  T)>V  TOV  Albs  Kat  Maias  ireuSa  eiroiftro  TOV 
'6pnov — De  Abstinent,  iii.  285. 

The  Egyptian  Anubis  was  identified  by  the 
Greeks  with  Hermes,  the  son  of  Jupiter  and 
Maia.  (See  on  this  subject  Jablonski,  Pantheon 
tflgyptiorum,  lib.  ii.  cap.  i.)  Hence,  if  Porphyry  is 
correct,  it  would  seem  that  the  pious  and  reverent 
Socrates,  instead  of  invoking  the  sacred  name  of 
Hermes,  uses  an  expression  which  implies  the  same 
meaning;  or  else,  as  perhaps  is  more  probable,  he  is 
merely  strengthening  his  assertion  in  accordance 
with  the  command  of  Rhadamanthus,  without  re- 
ference to  any  definite  God.  I  may  state  that 
your  correspondent,  LE  CHEVALIER  Du  CIGNE 
(3rd  S.  v.  85),  misrepresents  Bryant's  opinion  with 


regard  to  the  terms  "  by  the  dog  and  the  goose." 
The  whole  of  the  argument  employed  by  Bryant 
in  the  chapter  from  which  your  correspondent's 
quotation  is  taken,  is  meant  to  show  that  the 
Greek  words,  KVW  and  x»X  are  a  corruption  of  the 
term  "  Cahen,  the  Cohen,  fPD  (priest),  of  the  He- 
brews." The  Greeks,  says  Bryant,  with  his  cha- 
racteristic mode  of  explaining  myths,  "  could  not 
help  imagining  from  the  sound  of  the  word,  which 
approached  nearly  to  that  of  KiW  and  cams,  that 
it  had  some  reference  to  that  animal,  and  in  con- 
sequence of  this  unlucky  resemblance  they  con- 
tinually misconstrued  it  a  dog."  (i.  p.  329.) 

W.  HOUGHTON. 


DECAY  OF  STONE 


BUILDINGS. 


(3rd  S.  v.  68.) 

W.  appears  to  be  unaware  that  this  fatal  liabi- 
lity in  most  kinds  of  freestone  may  be  arrested 
or  averted  by  means  of  a  solution  of  silica  and  of 
calcium  ;  by  which  Mr.  Frederick  Ransome  forms 
sand  into  an  artificial  freestone,  surpassing  in 
strength  and  (so  far  as  chemical  tests  can  fore- 
show the  effects  of  time  and  weather  exposure) 
in  durability,  any  kind  of  building-stone  known. 

Freestone,  as  found  in  quarries,  consists  mainly 
of  sand  consolidated  into  a  mass  by  cementing 
substances  introduced  amongst  it  in  the  opera- 
tions of  nature  ;  and  is  more  or  less  durable»ac- 
cording  to  their  composition,  and  to  their  insolu- 
bility in  the  water  and  the  acids  to  which  they 
may  be  exposed  under  the  influences  of  the  at- 
mosphere. Even  in  different  parts  of  the  same 
quarry,  the  strength  of  these  cementing  substances 
seems  to  differ  :  so  that,  in  selecting  the  stone  for 
a  building,  it  is  impossible  to  make  sure  of  its 
indestructibility. 

Boiled  linseed-oil  has  long  been  a  means  re- 
sorted to,  in  this  part  of  the  country,  to  arrest 
the  disintegration  of  building-stone  ;  and,  no 
doubt,  it  is  found  to  effect  its  purpose  for  a  few 
years,  that  is,  so  long  as  it  remains  sufficiently  in 
the  stone  to  bar  the  entf  ance  of  moisture.  But 
ultimately,  the  oil  itself  becomes  decomposed  and 
washed  out  by  the  action  of  the  weather,  and  the 
parts  of  the  stone  that  had  been  saturated  with  it 
crumble  more  readily  than  those  that  had  not 
been  anointed  with  it. 

By  a  judicious  application  of  Mr.  Ransome's 
solutions,  the  originally  defective  natural  cement 
that  held  together  the  sandy  particles  of  the  stone, 
and  the  gradual  decomposition  of  which  is  letting 
it  crumble  into  sand,  is  effectually  replaced  —  not 
on  the  surface  merely,  but  for  some  distance 
within  the  substance  of  the  stone  —  by  pure  sili- 
cate of  lime,  insoluble  in  and  impervious  to  mois- 
ture :  a  cement  which  the  lapse  of  time  only 
hardens,  and  the  strength  of  which,  as  witnessed 


3rd  s.  V.  FEB.  13,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


139 


in  the  concrete  remains  of  our  buildings  of  the 
early  ages,  is  proverbially  known.  Atmospheric 
influences  have  no  effect  upon  it.  I  have  experi- 
mentally applied  these  solutions  to  the  purpose 
I  mention  ;  and,  although  it  is  only  the  lapse  of 
many  years  that  can  afford  the  absolute  test  of 
their  efficacy,  the  instantaneous  arrest  of  the  de- 
cay that  was  rapidly  defacing  the  building,  and 
which  has  not  reappeared  during  weather  of  the 
most  trying  kind,  convinces  me  that  time  will 
prove  the  remedy  to  have  been  most  effectually 
applied. 

Mr.  Ransome's  discovery  is  one  of  the  most 
remarkable  instances  in  our  time  of  the  practical 
result  of  scientific  induction.  EXPERTO  CBEDE. 

Montrose. 

The  communication  of  W.  on  this  subject,  and 
his  suggestion  that  stone  should  be  kept  some 
time  before  it  is  used,  reminded  me  that  there  is 
great  authority  for  the  antiquity  of  the  practice. 
We  find,  in  the  Holy  Scriptures  (1  Chron.  xxii.), 
that  King  David  "  set  masons  to  hew  wrought 
stones,"  and  prepared  "  timber  also  and  stone  " 
for  the  building  of  the  temple  by  Solomon  after 
his  death.  M.  E.  F. 

The  remarks  of  W.  are  worthy  of  note,  espe- 
cially as  to  the  use  of  linseed  oil.  I  can  speak  of 
its  virtue  from  experience  of  forty  years  and 
more ;  but  when  it  is  applied,  the  stone  should 
not  be  in  a  green  state. 

In  the  quotation  from  the  recent  Camden  vo- 
lume, in  a  letter  in  which  the  writer  speaks  of 
"Lynsede  oyle  to  bed  hit,"  the  editor  of  that 
volume  put  a  query  whether  it  means  bathe.  I 
must  differ  from  him,  because  to  bed  a  stone  is  a 
phrase  in  common  use  among  masons  for  setting  a 
stone  in  its  place  ;  and  in  setting  freestone  (indeed 
I  believe  all  stone),  it  is  usual  to  souse  the  beds 
with  water.  And  I  would  suggest,  that  instead  of 
sousing  with  water,  the  clerk  of  the  works  had 
provided  linseed  oil  to  be  used  in  bedding  the 
stones  instead  of  using  water ;  and  as  the  king  was 
to  pay,  the  cost  was  not  heeded.  By  such  a  pro- 
cess every  stone^ould  be  thoroughly  saturated 
with  the  oil,  which  would  no  doubt  be  a  greater 
preservative  of  it  than  merely  brushing  oil  over 
the  surface.  H.  T.  EIXACOMBE,  M.A. 


ROMAN  GAMES. 
(3rdS.iii.  490;  iv.  19,  &c.) 

Will  you  allow  me  to  answer  that  part  of  my 
own  query,  under  this  head,  which  refers  to  the 
Ko'vTa|  Koi/raj/oV,  and  to  apologize  for  trespassing  so 
largely  upon  CHESSBOBOUGH'S  patience,  as  well  as 
upon  your  space :  for  I  find  that  almost  all  the 


information  I  required  is  given  by  Strutt,  in  his 
Sports  and  Pastimes  of  the  People  of  England 
(London,  1801,  4to,  p.  92)  ;  where,  speaking  of 
the  derivation  of  the  exercise  of  the  Quintain,  he 
refers  to  this  very  code  of  Justinian's  (De  Alea- 
toribus),  and  identifies  the  /c<Wo£  Kovrav6vt  "  vibra- 
tio  Quintana,"  therein  mentioned,  with  the  pet  or 
post  Quintain  of  later  times;  adding  that  the 
words,  xwpk  T^y  TupflTjs,  "  sine  fibula,"  provided 
that  it  should  be  performed,  as  I  suggested,  with 
pointless  spears,  contrary  to  the  ancient  usage, 
which  required,  or  at  least  permitted,  them  to 
have  heads  or  points. 

This  exercise,  as  in  common  use  among  the 
the  Romans,  is  spoken  of  at  large  by  Vegetius 
(Epitome  Institutorum  Rei  Militaris,  Paris,  1762, 
lib.  i.  cap.  xi.  et  xiv.)  ;  and  also  it  would  appear 
by  Johannes  Meursius  (De  Ludis  Gracorum,  in 
tit.  «(Wo£  KQVTOVW,  Florence,  1741),  who  is,  I  be- 
lieve, Van  Leeuwen's  authority  for  the  statement, 
that  "  a  Quincto  auctore  nomen  habebat ;"  and  Du 
Fresnoy  Du  Cange,  in  his  Glossarium  ad  Scrip* 
tores  Media  et  Infimae  Latinitatis  (Paris,  1733-36, 
fol.,  in  voce  "Quintana"). 

I  regret  that  I  have  not  access  to  the  works  of 
the  two  last-mentioned  authors,  and  would  feel 
very  grateful  to  any  of  y^our  correspondents,  who 
are  more  fortunate  in  this  respect  than  I  am,  for 
an  account  of  the  Quintain  as  given  by  them. 

I  would  also  ask,  if  the  words  x«pts  rijs  TTJ/WTTJS, 
"  sine  fibula,"  do  not  refer  more  to  the  point 
(cuspis,  acies,  CUXM,  wTo^a,)  of  the  weapon,  than 
to  the  head?  If,  that  is,  it  were  not  a  spear 
having  a  blunt  or  pointless  head — "  hedded  with 
the  morne  " — so  that  it  could  do  no  hurt  ? 

Scaliger's  definition  of  the  word  "fibula,"  as 
used  by  Caesar  (De  B.  G.,  iv.  xiv.),  is  "  Corpus 
durum,  oblongum  quod  ingreditur  in  ^foramen 
aliquod,  quasi  findat,  illud  quod  perforat"  (Casar. 
Commen.,  1661,  Amstelodami,  ex  officina  Elze- 
viriana,  p.  139,  curS,  Arnoldi  Montani). 

Strutt  also  tells  us,  on  the  authority  of  Julius 
Pollux  (Onomasticon,  lib.  ix.  cap.  7),  that  the 
Greeks  had  a  pastime  called  "  Hippas "  (f  Jmros)  ; 
which  was  one  person  riding  upon  the  shoulders 
of  another,  as  upon  a  horse  ;  and  gives  two  very 
curious  illustrations  of  a  sport  of  this  kind,  as 
practised  in  England,  at  the  commencement  of 
the  fourteenth  century,  from  MSS.  in  the  Royal 
(2,  B.  vii.)  and  Bodleian  (2464,  Bod.  264,  dated 
1344,)  Libraries.  May  this  not  be  the  "  hippice" 
(WJKJ?)  of  Justinian's  code?  If  so,  it  was  a 
modification  of  the  Ludus  Trojse ;  for  the  per- 
formance of  which,  a  singje  solidus  must  have 
been  an  ample  reward.  As  before,  I  reserve  my 
"  etymological  sagacity  "  !  UUYTE. 

Capetown,  S.  A. 


140 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


V.  FEB.  13,  '64. 


BURTON  FAMILY. 
(2nd  S.  iv.  22, 124;  ix.  19  ;  3rd  S.  v.  73.) 

The  following  memoranda,  as  showing  some- 
thing of  the  origin  of  the  Burtons  of  Weston- 
under-Wood,  the  ultimate  ownership  of  their 
landed  estates,  the  precise  way  in  which  those 
estates  passed,  and  other  facts  destructive  of  state- 
ments hitherto  adopted,  may  be  considered  rele- 
vant by  your  correspondent  E.  H.  A. 

Francis  Burton  of  Weston-under-Wood,  parish 
of  Mugginton,  co.  Derby,  yeoman,  was  living  13 
Jac.  I.,  being  then  56  years  of  age  (Add.  MS. 
6692,  p.  261,  British  Museum.)  William  Burton 
was  buried  at  St.  Alkmund's,  Derby,  April  7,  1680. 
(Parish  Register.) 

Francis  Burton  of  Weston-under-Wood,  gent., 
was  father  of  one  son  and  two  daughters,  viz. : — 

I.  Francis  Burton  of  Weston-under-Wood,  Esq., 
whose  descendants,  by  his  first  wife,  appear  to  have 
been— Francis  Burton  of  Ednaston,  gent.,  died 
Oct.  9,  1742,  aged  70;  Richard,  his  son,  died  June 
3,  1745,  aged  thirty-six;  Mary  and  Francis  (in- 
fants) died  1740;  John  Burton,  died  Dec.  29, 
1708,  aged  thirty-five,  all  buried  at  Brailsford. 
Margaret  Burton  (probably  widow  of  one  of  the 
fore-named)  was  buried  at  Brailsford  in  1779. 

Francis  Burton  married  (secondly  ?)  Mary  Good- 
win at  St.  Alkmund's,  March  18,  1682.  He  was 
High  Sheriff  of  Derbyshire  in  1706,  and  died  July 
6,  1709,  leaving,  by  Mary  his  wife,  one  son  :  — 

I.  Samuel  Burton  of  Derby,  Esq.,  High  Sheriff 
of  the  county  in  1719,  buried  at  St.  Alkmund's. 
His  monumental  inscription  (according  to  Glover) 
reading,  in  brief,  thus :  — 

"  Underneath  this  place  lies  interred  the  body  of  Samuel 
Burton,  Esq.,  who  died  October  24th,  1751,  aged  67.  His 
decease  having  rendered  extinct,  in  the  male  line,  a 
family  which  had  been  very  anciently  seated  in  this 
county,  Joseph  Sikes,  Esq.,  of  Newark,  Notts,  as  only 
surviving  issue  of  Mr.  Burton's  first  cousin  in  the  female 
line,  became  heir-general  of  the  family  and  estates." 

II.  Margaret  Burton  married  William  Cham- 
bers of  Derby,  gent.     She  died  Nov.  26,   1685, 
and  was  buried  at  All  Saints,  Derby.     Their  only 
child    (to   survive)   Hannah   Chambers,  married 
Joseph  Sikes  of  Derby,  gent.,  at  St.  Alkmund's, 
April   1722.     She  was  buried   at  St.  Michael's, 
Derby,  May  3,  1751 ;  and  he  at  the  same  place, 
May  23,  1752,  having  made  his  will  April  11  pre- 
ceding.    They  had— 1.  Samuel   Sikes,  baptised 
at  Alkmund's  June  18,  1723;  said  to  have  mar- 
ried Sarah  Webber  ;  predeceased  his  father,  s.  p. 
2.  Joseph  Sikes,  of  the  Chauntry,  Newark,  heir- 
general  of  the  Burtons,  baptised  at  St.  Alkmund's 
Nov.  14,   1724;  married  Jane  Heron,  who  died 
s.  p. ;  and  2.   Mary  Hurton,  by  whom  he  left  at 
his  decease,  March  10,  1798,  Joseph  Sikes,  LL.B. 
(of  whom  presently)  ;  Hannah-Maria  Sikes,  mar- 


ried George  Kirk,  Esq.;  Sophia- Josepha  Sikes, 
married  Rev.  Hugh- Wade  Grey,  M.A.  3.  Ben- 
jamin Sikes,  baptised  at  St.  Michael's  Aug.  15, 
1726,  predeceased  his  father,  s.  p. 

III.  Mary  Burton,  married  Ebenezer  Crees  of 
Derby,  gent.,  who  died  March  5,  1691,  and  was 
buried  at  All  Saints'.  Joseph  Sikes,  LL.B.  of  'the 
Chauntry,  Newark,  thus  inherited  the  estates  of 
the  Burtons,  situated  in  the  parishes  of  St.  Alk- 
mund,  Derby,  Brailsford,  and  other  dispersed 
parts  of  the  county,  the  value  of  which  estates  is 
considerable.  This  gentleman  had  a  fancy  for 
adding  initials  to  his  name  other  than  those  to 
which  he  was  really  entitled.  Thus,  in  one  edi- 
tion of  Burke's  Commoners,  the  letters  "  F.R.S.1' 
are  so  attached. 

Your  correspondent  has  asked,  "  Who  was  Sir 
Francis  Cavendish  Burton.?  "  The  answer  is  an 
maginary  person,  who  existed  only  in  the  brain 
of  Mr.  Sikes,  who,  instead  of  ascertaining  the  real 
parentage  of  his  grandfather  (if  he  did  not  know 
it),  made  a  "  short  cut,"  and  attached  his  name  at 
once  to  the  pedigree  of  Sykes  of  Leeds,  by  con- 
cocting the  marriage  of  Martha  Burton  with 
Richard  Sikes,  thus  imposing  upon  Dickinson  in 
his  Antiquities  of  Notts,  Burke  in  his  Commoners, 
and  Hunter  in  his  Families  Minorum  Gentium. 
The  latter  is  in  the  British  Museum,  Add.  MS. 
24,458,  the  learned  compiler  of  which,  when  he 
found  out  the  hoax,  wrote  against  this  particular 
statement — But  this  is  all  a  mistake. 

As  a  specimen  of  what  Mr.  Sikes  could  do  in 
the  way  of  "  mistakes,"  allow  me  to  append  the 
following  from  the  Clerical  Journal  Directory  of 
1855,  the  italics  being  mine  :  — 

"  Sikes,  Joseph,  F.S.A.,  Author  of  Strictures  and  Com- 
mentary on  the  much- appreciated  Life  of  the  remarkable 
Dr.  Anthony  Ashley  Stkes,  as  applied  to  the  insidious 
'  Characteristics  '  of  his  once  celebrated  namesake  Anthony 
Ashley,  second  Earl  of  Shaftesbury." 

That  the  "  Strictures  and  Commentary  "  would 
have  been  a  literary  curiosity  had  they  existed, 
the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  will  be  prepared  to 
admit. 

Joseph  Sikes,  LL.B.,  died  April  21,  1857,  leav- 
ing his  property  to  Mr.  Francis  Baines  (whose 
daughter  Mr.  Sikes  had  previously  adopted),  and 
who  is  the  present  owner  of  the  estates  of  the 
Burtons,  whose  heraldic  honours  he  has  not  appro- 
priated, though  he  has  assumed  the  name  and 
arms  of  Sikes. 

The  arms  of  Cavendish  (!)  were  quartered  by 
the  late  Mr.  Sikes,  the  imaginary  marriage  re- 
ferred to  in  this  letter  being  the  sole  founda- 
tion for  such  an  absurdity.  Rightly  or  not,  the 
Burtons  of  Weston- under- Wood  used  the  arms 
of  those  of  their  name  at  Dronfield ;  and  these 
Mr.  Sikes  quartered  with  something  like  reason  ; 
but  their  consanguinity  (if  any)  must  have  been 
very  remote.  It  is  a  curious  coincidence  that  a 


BTA  S.  V.  FEB.  13,  '64. ] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


141 


family  named  Sykes  was  contemporaneous  with 
that  of  Burton,  at  Dronfield — members  of  it 
serving  as  churchwardens,  &c.,  in  the  sixteenth 
and  seventeenth  centuries.  It  also  terminated  in 
a  heir-general  in  1799,  the  estates  now  vesting  in 
Mr.  Kobert  Sykes  Ward.  Query:  Could  there 
possibly  be  a  common  ancestry  between  Sykes  of 
Dronfield  and  Sikes  of  Derby  and  Newark  ?  In 
the  endeavour  to  solve  this  question,  the  informa- 
tion concerning  the  Burtons  of  Weston-under- 
Wood  was  acquired.  JAMES  SYKES. 


STAMP  DUTY  ON  PAINTERS'  CANVASS  (3rd  S.  v. 
99.)  —  The  query  of  L.  F.  N.  may  be  thus  an- 
swered. The  excise  duty  on  painters'  canvass  was 
levied  in  July,  1803,  under  the  Printed  Linens  Act, 
43  Geo.  III.  capp.  68—69.  It  was  one  of  Pitt's 
schemes  for  the  maintenance  of  the  war  against 
France.  The  duty,  paid  by  the  colourmen  or 
vendors  of  the  strained  canvasses  for  artists,  was 
threepence-halfpenny  the  square  yard,  and  the 
excise  officer  used  to  visit  their  workshops  three 
times  in  each  week,  measure  the  strained  can- 
vasses for  the  amount  of  duty  to  which  they  were 
liable,  and  stamp  them  on  the  back.  The  order 
from  the  excise  Office,  for  the  non-gathering  of 
the  duty,  was  issued  on  March  17,  1831  ;  stating 
the  duty  had  ceased  on  the  first  of  that  month. 
It  is  idle,  therefore,  to  suppose  that  any  asserted 
picture  by  Gainsborough,  or  Reynolds,  having 
the  excise  brand  on  the  back,  could  be  painted 
by  artists  who  were  deceased  long  before :  the 
former  in  1788,  and  the  latter  in  1792.  Several  of 
the  supposititious  paintings  by  Sir  Joshua,  painted 
during  the  infliction  of  the  war  tax,  were  doubt- 
less painted  by  Christopher  Pack ;  of  whom  some 
notice  will  be  found  in  the  1857  volume  of  Wil- 
lis's Current  Notes,  while  under  the  writer's  edi- 
torial management.  J.  H.  BURN. 

London  Institution. 

SITUATION  or  ZOAR  (3rd  S.  v.  117.)  —  I  am 
very  grateful  to  A.  E.  L.  for  the  good-natured 
way  in  which  he  has  noticed  my  misdeeds.  The 
article  under  the  head  of  "  Zoar  "  (Dictionary  of 
the  Bible,  vol.  iii.  p.  1856,  &c.)  contains  my  own 
conclusions  as  to  the  position  of  the  place  —  if 
conclusions  they  can  be  called  on  evidence  so  im- 
perfect. When  I  wrote  the  article  on  "  Moab,"  I 
had  not  looked  into  the  question  for  myself;  but 
accepted  without  hesitation  the  positive  state- 
ments of  Robinson  and  others.  I  discovered  the 
error  some  time  since,  and  it  will  be  corrected  in 
the  second  edition.  G.  GROVE. 

THE  OLD  BRIDGE  AT  NEWINGTON  (2nd  S.  xii. 
323.)  — Allow  me  again  to  call  attention  to  the 
stone  inscription,  once  more  threatened  with  ex- 
tinction. After  I  noted  on  it  in  "  N.  &  Q."  the 
stone  was  replaced  nearly  upon  the  same  site,  and 


screened  by  wooden  palings  ;  but  now  new  build- 
ings are  being  erected  on  the  grounds  once  occu- 
pied by  the  Fishmongers'  Almshouses,  and  I  sadly 
fear  the  relic  of  civic  jurisdiction  will  be  totally 
martyred  unless  some  one  in  authority  flies  to 
the  rescue.  To  those  who  saved  it  in  its  former 
peril  I  address  this,  and  I  hope  they  will  assist  in  its 
being  restored  upon  as  near  its  former  site  as  pos- 
sible. Our  landmarks  are  being  torn  down,  but 
this  one  should  remain  to  tell  of  olden  times  in 
South  London.  T.  C.  N. 

MAIDEN  CASTLE  (3rd  S.  v.  101.)  —  The  de- 
rivation of  Maiden  from  the  Celtic  Mad,  cannot 
be  satisfactorily  established,  since  the  word  in  its 
primitive  form  existed  in  the  Teutonic  tongues 
long  before  the  Saxon  had  come  into  contact  with 
the  Cymry.  It  is  found  in  the  A.  S.  mcegd,  maid, 
daughter;  maga,  son,  male  relative;  Goth.,  magus, 
the  equivalent  of  irais,  T^KVOV  ;  magaths,  wapeevos  ; 
Old  High  Ger.,  magad;  Mod.  Ger.,  magd;  Old 
Frisian,  maged,  &c.  These  may  all  be  traced  to 

Sanskrit,  <FT^Ef  ,  madhya,  unmarried  woman,  vir- 
gin ;  but  the  connection  is  more  apparent  than 
real.  Madhya  is  doubtless  derived  from 


madhu,  sweetness,  honey;  Gr.,  ^ueSu;  Lat.,  mel; 
A.  S.,  medn;  Eng.,  mead,  &c.  Magd,  maga,  and 

their  congeners,  may  be  traced  to  Sanskrit,  ?f  i§T  i 

mah,  the  primary  idea  of  which  is  "  power,"  but 
which  is  also  applied  in  the  sense  ofgignere,  par- 
ticularly in  the  Teutonic  derivatives.  (See  Bopp, 
Sans.  Gloss.,  253  ;  Grimm,  Deutsch.  Gram.,  ii.  27  ; 
iii.  320.)  Originally,  then,  Maiden,  with  its  male 
equivalent  (now  lost),  signified  blood  relations. 
Grimm  derives  the  Scottish  Mac  (filius)  from  the 
same  source. 

A  maiden  fortress  is  generally  understood  to 
mean  one  which  has  never  been  captured;  a 
maiden  mountain  (  Jungfrau)  one  which  has  never 
been  ascended.  Is  it  necessary  to  go  further  for 
an  explanation  in  the  present  instance  ? 

J.  A.  PlCTON. 

Wavertree. 

RYE-HOUSE  PLOT  CARDS  (3rd  S.  v.  9.)—  Alder- 
man Masters  lent  me  a  pack  of  these  cards  to 
exhibit  at  the  soiree  given  by  Dean  Alford  at  Can- 
terbury, on  the  occasion  of  the  Kent  Archaeologi- 
cal Association  holding  their  annual  meeting  in 
the  metropolitical  city. 

ALFRED  JOHN  DUNKIN. 

Dartford. 

NEWHAVEN  IN  FRANCE  (3rd  S.  v.  116.)—  In 
answer  to  your  correspondent  J.,  I  beg  to  ^  state 
that  Newhaven  in  France,  so  called  in  English  in 
1548,  is  identical  with  the  place  now  called  Havre. 

C.  F.  S.  WARREN. 


142 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  g.  V.  FEB.  13,  '64. 


LEWIS  MOERIS  (3rd  S.  v.  12.)  —  In  the  Intro- 
duction to  the  Welsh  Poems  of  Garonwy  Owain 
(Llanrwst,  1860),  pp.  Ixxxv.  Ixxxvi.,  there  is 
given  some  little  account  of  Lewis  Mdrys  amongst 
others  who  were  at  all  connected  with  that  highly 
gifted,  but  unhappy,  Welsh  writer.  As  this  ac- 
count of  Lewis  Morys  was  drawn  up  by  Dafydd 
Ddu  Eryri,  it  must  have  been  written  a  good  while 
ago,  probably  fifty  years.  I  think  that  it  first  ap- 
peared in  some  earlier  .edition  of  Garonwy  Owain. 
From  it  we  learn  that  Lewis  Morys  was  born 
March  12,  1700,  in  the  parish  of  Llanfihangel 
Tre'r  Beirdd,  in  Anglesey,  as  shown  by  the  re- 
gister. He  was  the  eldest  son  of  Morys  ap  Rhi- 
siart  Morys  and  Margaret  his  wife,  who  was  the 
daughter  of  Morys  Owen,  of  Bodafen  y  Glyn,  in 
the  same  parish.  Lewis  Morys,  in  his  early  days, 
followed  his  father's  employment  of  "  cowperiaeth." 
He  afterwards  became  a  land-surveyor,  and  sub- 
sequently obtained  a  situation  in  the  custom-house 
at  Holyhead;  he  afterwards  was  collector  at 
Aberdyfi,  in  Merioneth.  He  was  long  connected 
with  various  Welsh  literary  undertakings,  and  he 
bad  a  reputation  amongst  his  countrymen  as  an 
antiquary  and  scholar.  He  died  April  11,  1765. 

Dafydd  Ddu  Eryri  does  not  mention  Lewis 
Morys's  troubles,  especially  his  imprisonment  on 
account  of  supposed  deficiencies  in  his  accounts. 
He  also  passes  by  his  quarrels  with  other  literary 
men.  Some  curious  statements  on  these  subjects  I 
have  seen  in  Welsh  Magazines.  As  he  died  ninety- 
nine  years  ago,  a  son  of  his  can  hardly  have  been 
recently  living  at  Gwaelod,  as  MR.  JOHN  PA  YIN 
PHLLUPS  seems  to  suppose.  LAELIUS. 

The  Cambrian  Register,  vol.ii.  1796,  contains  a 
Memoir  of  Morris,  adorned  with  a  portrait,  taken 
from  a  mezzotinto  print,  after  a  drawing  by  Morris 
himself.  THOMAS  PURNELL. 

TWELFTH  NIGHT :  THE  WORST  PUN  (3rd  S.  v.  38.) 
The  detur  pejori,  not  for  the  worst  "  pun,"  but  for 
the  worst  conundrum,  as  our  grand  master  itali- 
cises the  distinction  between  the  two  perpetrations, 
is  mine:  I  protest  myself  the  Senior  Pessime. 
In  1815,  when  the  Byronic  muse  was  mystifyino- 
and  trustifying  the  world,  I  indited  a  ballad,  which 
my  old  friend,  John  Taylor,  of  The  Sun,  got  si"ht 
of,  and  inserted  therein.  Half  a  stanza  will  show 
the  bitaurine  bellow  no  less  luscinian  at  Istamboul 
than  Snug  the  Joiner's  leonine  roar  had  been  in 
Athens :  — 

"  When  my  lord  he  came  wooing  to  Miss  Anne  Thrope 

He  was  then  a  « Childe '  from  school ; 
He  paid  his  addresses  in  a  trope, 

And  called  her  his  sweet  bul-bul : 
But  she  knew  not,  in  the  modern  scale, 
That  a  couple  of  bulls  was  a  nightingale,"  &c. 

Some  years  later  Mr.  Jerdan  noticed  my  idle 
joke  in  his  Autobiography,  honouring  it  with  the 
ascription  to  one  of  THE  SMITHS,  I  forget  which. 


Being  too  conscientious  to  descend  from  my  "  bad 
eminence,"  I  declared  to  him  its  paternity,  which 
he  promised  to  record  in  a  forthcoming  edition. 
Whether  this  ever  forthcame  I  know  not ;  but  if 
the  saddle  be  put  on  the  right  horse  by  "1ST.  &  Q." 
I  shall  rest  contented  with  the  tulit  alter  honores. 
The  conundrum  has  long  been  unjustly  discredited. 
Johnson  etymologised  it  "  a  cant  word,"  and  de- 
fined it  "  a  low  jest,  a  quibble,  a  mean  conceit," 
like  the  dislocated  Hs  and  supernumerary  Us 
which  have  possessed  themselves  of  our  theatres. 
Better  justice  has,  however,  been  done  to  this  ill- 
used  term  (2nd  S.  vii.  30),  distinguishing  it  as  a 
play  of  sentiment,  whereas  a  pun  is  but  a  word- 
play;  and,  referring  it  to  the  classical  etymon, 
Koivbv  Suoii/,  commune  duorum. 

EDMUND  LENTHAL  SWIFTE. 

SIR  EDWARD  MAY  (3rd  S.  v.  35,  65,  84.)  —  See 
Burke' s  Extinct  Peerage,  p.  611,  "May  of  May- 
field,"  commencing  with  Edward  May,  Esq.,  the 
first  settler  in  Ireland,  from  whom  Sir  Edward 
May  appears  to  have  been  in  the  fifth  descent. 
Numerous  references  to  pedigrees,  in  the  Harl. 
MSS.,  of  the  Mays  of  Kent,  may  be  found  in  Sims's 
Index  to  those  and  other  MSS.  in  the  British 
Museum.  R.  W. 

QUOTATION  (1st  S.  xii.  204).  — 

"  Death  hath  a  thousand  wa}'s  to  let  out  life." 

The  only  reply  which  seems  to  have  been 
offered  respecting  this  quotation  is  in  2nd  S.  vii. 
177,  and  that  is  unsatisfactory.  These  words, 
slightly  varied,  are  placed  in  the  mouth  of  Zeno- 
cia,  in  Beaumont  and  Fletcher's  play,  The  Custom 
of  the  Country,  Act  II.  Sc.  1  :  — 

"  Death  hath  so  many  doors  to  let  out  life, 
I  will  not  long  survive  them." 

Blair,  in  The  Grave,  v.  394,  has  these  words 
(in  connection  with  suicide)  :  — 

"  Death's  thousand  doors  stand  open — who  could  force 
The  ill-pleas'd  guest  to  sit  out  his  full  time, 
Or  blame  him  if  he  goes?  " 

Cf.  Virgil's  expression,  JEn.  ii.  661 :  — 
"...  patet  isti  janua  letho." 

ACHE. 

TOAD-EATER  (2nd  S.  ii.  424)  is,  literally,  our 
Dutch  dood-eter  (dead-eater),  fern,  dood-eetster,  a 
person,  who,  to  borrow  another  Dutch  expression, 
"  eats  one's  clothes  off  one's  body,"  or  "  one's 
ears  off  one's  head."  In  English,  the  adjective 
dead  in  composite  words,  also  assumes  the  sense 
of  "hopelessness"  or  «  worthlessness,"  as,  for 
instance,  "a  dead  bargain"  (for  the  salesman), 

"  dead-wind,"  a  «  dead-lift,"  &c. 

JOHN  H.  VAN  LENNEP. 

Zeyst,  near  Utrecht. 

CRAPAUDINE  (3rd  S.  iv.  423, 443.)— The  answers 
ot  K.  S.  CHARNOCK  and  W.  I.  S.  HORTON  on  this 


3'd  S.  V.  FJDB.  13,  '64] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


143 


subject  very  much  interested  me,  and  I  have  been 
trying  to  find  out  something  more  of  its  physical 
properties  than  was  contained  in  the  replies  of 
those  gentlemen,  but  without  success.  One  finds 
in  French  dictionaries  the  word  crapaudine  trans- 
lated "  toadstone,"  but  what  is  exactly  meant  by 
the  word  I  cannot  say :  for  the  toadstone  is  an 
igneous  rock  (almost  a  porphyry),  found  in 
Derbyshire,  near  Matlock,  and  derives  its  name 
from  the  German  todstein  (death-stone),  because 
where  it  occurs  the  lead  lode  dies  or  ceases; 
therefore,  it  is  plain  that,  in  the  sense  in  which  it 
is  now  used,  it  has  no  connection  with  erapaud. 

Mentioning  the  subject  to  a  friend,  I  find  the 
word  has  a  great  number  of  meanings.  My  friend 
writes  to  me  :  — 

"  D'abord  en  ce  qui  regarde  1'article  des  '  Notes  and 
Queries '  je  crois  que  la  reponse  a  e'te  concluante :  il  est 
eVident  que  1'expression  'Crapaud  Ring'  signitie  une 
bague  avec  une  Crapaudine  moutee  en  chaton :  c'est-a- 
dire,  une  sardonic  ocille'e  qu'on  croyait  jadis  exister  dans 
la  tete  de  certains  crapauds.  Mais  ce  mot  Crapaudine 
(et  c'est  ce  que  je  vous  ai  dit)  n'a  pas  rien  que  ce  sens  en 
Francais. 

"  1°.  Dans  un  sens  me'canique  ce  mot  s'applique  a  une 
sorte  de  sabot  en  metal  (fer  ou  bronze)  creuse  pour  re- 
cevoir  le  pivot  d'une  porte,  ou  1'arbre  d'une  machine ;  il  a 
pour  synonyme  le  mot  Grenouille. 

"  2°.  Dans  un  sens  hydraulique,  on  appelle  Crapau- 
dine une  sorte  de  soupape  qui  sert  a  vider  les  eaux  d'un 
bassin  et  dont  la  forme  ressemble  assez  a,  la  crapaudine 
d'une  porte. 

"  3°.  En  architecture  militaire  il  a  e'te  employe  dans  le 
moyen  age  pour  signifier  un  engin  guerrier,  possedant  la 
forme  d'un  morceau  de  fer  creux,  que  j'ai  pu  appeler  assez 
improprement  de  nom  de  '  canon'  (Dictionnaire  d' 'Architec- 
ture de  Viollet  Leduc)." 

Spiers,  in  his  Dictionary,  says  it  also  means 
(Bot.)  iron-wort. 

The  Derbyshire  toadstone  is  a  rather  coarsely- 
grained  dark  green  rock,  amygdaloidal  in  parts, 
and  sometimes  containing  small  pieces  of  a  white 
crystalline  mineral  (calcite?)  —  it  could  not  pos- 
sibly be  used  for  a  ring.  An  account  of  it  will 
be  found,  I  believe,  in  Beete  Jukes's  Geology. 
Although  the  name  is  taken  from  todstein,  I  find 
no  rock  mentioned  as  todstein  in  Blum's  Litho- 
logie.  I  should  imagine  the  stone  to  be  a  chryso- 
lite variety,  peridot  (a  dirty  green  one,  peculiarly 
marked).  JOHN  DAVIDSON. 

^  THE  OWL  (3rd  S.  v.  71.) — Time  was  when  this 
bird  created  panics  when  it  made  its  appearance, 
and  set  all  the  augurs  consulting.  It  certainly 
has  been  responsible  for  much  mischief  in  this 
way.  Except  as  a  great  recluse,  a  meditative 
character,  and  having  the  singular  faculty  of 
seeing  everything  when  ordinarily  gifted  mortals 
can  see  nothing,  one  really  wonders  how  the  owl 
ever  came  to  be  regarded  as  an  attribute  of  the 
famed  goddess  of  wisdom.  But  the  entry  quoted 
by  OXONIENSIS  proves,  pretty  clearly,  it  had  not 
wiped  away  its  reproach  in  the  seventeenth  cen- 


tury. Perhaps  the  Beverley  sexton  was  only  in- 
dulging a  classical  prejudice,  when  he  charged 
in  the  churchwardens'  accounts  for  killing  his 
"oule;"  thinking  that  a  bird  of  ill  omen,  that 
presaged  calamity  or  death  in  the  place  where  it 
appeared,  was  not  fit  to  enjoy  life  —  and  that 
"  ignavus,"  "profanus,"  "  funereus,"  were  epithets 
too  good  for  it. 

This  bird  met  with  very  rough  treatment  at 
the  hands  of  rustics.  It  was  a  custom  in  some 
parts  to  hunt  and  kill  owls  on  Christmas  Day. 
A  barn-owl,  "  screeching  "  its  invocation  to  Mi- 
nerva behind  a  clap-net,  could  hardly  hope  for 
quarter  from  her  village  votaries.  An  allusion 
to  this  pastime  appears  in  some  Christmas  carols. 

The  prophet  has  made  this  bird  the  symbol  of 
desolation:  "The  screech-owl*  shall  rest  there." 
Isaiah  xxxiv.  14.  F.  PHILLOTT. 

I  fear  that  many  benighted  farmers  still  con- 
tinue to  slay  this,  one  of  their  best  friends,  though 
I  know  of  many  honourable  exceptions.  In  the 
days  of  Apuleius,  poor  "  Billy  Wix"  had  a  worse 
fate  to  encounter  than  being  shot  first,  and  then 
nailed  to  the  barn  gable — the  polished  Greeks  cru- 
cified him  alive !  Hear  what  Apuleius  says  in 
the  third  book  of  the  Golden  Ass :  — 

"  Quid?  quod  et  istas  nocturnas  aves,  cum  penetrave- 
rint  Larem  quempiam,  sollicite  prehensas  foribus  videmus 
adfigi;  ut,  quod  infaustis  volatibus  familiae  minantur 
exitium,  suis  luant  cruciatibus." 

W.  J.  BERNHA.RD  SMITH. 

Temple. 

HERALDIC  (3rd  S.  v.  73.) — The  arms  inquired 
for  by  J.  B.,  Dublin,  are  those  of  the  family  De 
la  Barca,  and  are  derived  from  those  of  Leon. 
They  are  no  doubt  derived  from  some  gallant 
exploit  during  the  wars  of  the  Moors  in  Spain. 
The  crest,  now  changed  into  a  "  blackamoor," 
was  originally  a  Moor  of  Spain.  This  is,  of  course, 
attributable  to  the  skill  of  the  herald  engravers 
of  a  past  age.  The  arms  are  borne  by  one  of  the 
branches  of  the  family  of  "  Barker  ;"  but  I  doubt 
if  they  could  give  authority  for  the  assumption. 
I  suppose  "chevron  inverted"  is  a  misprint  for 
invected;  and  the  punctuation  of  the  query  b 
somewhat  astounding.  LATRANS. 

PASSAGE  IN  TENNYSON  (3rd  S.  v.  75, 105.)— The 
poet  laureate   elegantly  alludes  to   that  side  on 
which  we  generally  sleep.     The  right  ear  is  thus 
distinguished  from  that  which  is  turned  heaven- 
ward.    It  is,  antithetically,  of  the  earth  earthy. 
'  No  poetry  could  stand  such  materialistic  probing 
as  has  been  applied  to  the  lines  in  question.     We 
should  never  think  of  asking  a  chemist  for  a  scien- 
tific explanation  of  Gray's  beautiful  line, — 
"  E'en  in  our  ashes  live  their  wonted  fires."" 


*  Marginal  reading,  "  night  monster." 


144 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


v.  FEB.  13,  '64. 


Without  a  perception  of  the  immateriality  of  the 
idea,  even  Shakspeare's 

"  Pity,  like  a  naked  ne\v-born  babe,  striding  the  blast," 
would  seem  a  physical  impossibility,  and  highly 
absurd.  The  very  explanation  is  injurious.  B. 

"AuT  TU  MORUS  ES,"  ETC.  (3rd  S.  v.  84.)— In  my 
communication  on  this  subject,  the  date  of  Eras- 
mus's sojourn  at  Oxford  was  printed  1479  in- 
stead of  1497.  W.  J.  D. 

ELEANOR  D'OLBREUSE  (3rd  S.  v.  11.)— She  was 
the  daughter  of  Alexander  II.,  Baron  d'Olbreuse, 
by  Jacquette,  daughter  of  Joachim  de  Poussart, 
Baron  de  Wandre.  CHARLES  BRIDGER. 

ALDINE  VOLUME  (3rd  S.  v.  96.)  —  There  is  in 
Stanford  library  a  copy  of  Pomponius  Mela,  Soli- 
nus,  &c.,  from  the  Aldine  Press,  Venice,  1518. 
It  is  printed  in  italic  type,  with  large  square 
spaces  left  for  onamental  letters  at  the  beginning 
of  each  chapter,  as  described  by  your  correspon- 
dent. Renouard,  as  regards  this  copy,  is  not 
quite  literally  correct. 

The  title-page  states  the  contents  as  given  in 
his  Annales  de  Vlmprimerie,  but  with  the  ;  anchor, 
and  without  the  date  and  place  of  publication. 
Then  follows  the  preface  of  F.  A.  Grolanus,  and 
the  233  "  fcuillets,"  but  only  one  additional  page, 
containing  the  register,  publisher's  name,  and  date. 

Renouard's  account,  to  which  I  have  referred, 
is,  however,  a  substantial,  though  perhaps  not  pre- 
cisely literal,  account  of  this  curious  volume. 

THOS.  E.  WlNNINGTON. 

Stanford  Court,  Worcester. 

GAINSBOROUGH  PRATER-BOOK  (3rrt  S.  v.  97.) — 
I  possess  a  Prayer-Book  not  unlike  the  Gains- 
borough copy  of  your  correspondent,  printed  by 
Gower  and  Pennell,  Kidderminster,  without  date, 
but  probably  published  about  the  close  of  the  last 
century.  The  Litany  and  Occasional  Prayers  are 
inserted  in  the  Morning  Prayer,  as  they  are  read 
in  churches,  not  in  separate  services  as  in  the 
Authorised  Version. 

It  is  an  8vo  vol.  containing  the  Common  Prayer, 
Psalms,  Collects,  &c.,  but  no  metrical  version  of 
the  psalter.  It  has  one  copper-plate  of  the  Nati- 
vity as  a  frontispiece. 

THOS.    E.    WlNNINGTON. 

Stanford  Court,  Worcester. 

ROMAN  CONSISTORY  :  HENRY  VIII.  AMD  QUEEN 
CATHERINE  (3rd  S.  iv.  270.)  —  A  thin  volume  of 
65  folios  or  130  pages,  8£  inches  high  by  5f  broad, 
on  thick  paper  with  narrow  margins.  Evidently 
printed  in  a  hurry,  the  type  employed  varying, 
the  sheets  being  alternately  in  small  and  large 
type.  It  was  no  doubt  printed  for  the  exclusive 
use  of  the  members  of  the  papal  consistory.  A 
small  round  has  been  cut  out  of  the  first  folio 
about  the  size  of  a  half-crown  piece,  thereby  re- 
moving the  stamp  of  the  particular  cardinal's 


arms  to  whom  this  copy  belonged,  and  slightly 
injuring  the  text  of  the  verso  of  the  first  folio. 
Otherwise  this  volume,  of  which  no  other  copy  is 
known  to  exist,  is  in  excellent  preservation. 
The  title  is  as  follows  :  — 

"DIVINO  IMPLORATO  PRESIDIO. 

De  licentia  ac  cocessione  Sanctissimi  D.  N.,  &  ad  insta- 
tiam  praeclari  D.  excusatoris  illustrissimi  ac  inuictissimi 
Regis  Angliae,  Nos  Sigismondus  Dondolus  de  Pistorio 
aduocatus  Cosistorialis  minimus.  &  Michael  de  Conradis 
Tuderto  utriusq  ;  iuris  Doctor,  praescripti  illustrissimi  Re- 
gis &  D.  excusatoris  Aduocati  in  sacro  publico  Pontificio 
jonsistorio,  praesidente  summo  Pontifice  cum  suo  sacra- 
sancto  Senatu,  infrascriptas  Conclusiones  pro  tenui  posse 
nostro  sigillatim,  ac  singulariter  defensare  conabimur. 
Die  aut.  xvi.  preesentis  Mensis,  prinia  ex  infrascriptis 
conclusionibus  disputabitur  &  successiue  alias  disputa- 
buutur." 

On  the  verso  of  the  title,  the  pleadings  com- 
mence :  — 

"  Facti  Contingentia  Tails  Proponitur. 

UM  ad  aures  clarissimi  Domini  Odoardi  Karne.  ll.Doc- 
\J  tons  Anglican!  perlatu  esset,  madato  R.  P.  D.  Pauli 
de  Capisucchis  sacri  Auditorii  Pontificii  Auditoris  meri- 
tissimi,  in  causa  matrimoniali  inter  Henricum  regem 
Anglian,  &  Catherinam  illustrissimam  Regina  uertente,  ut 
asseritur,  delegati  Apostolici,  praescriptu  illustrissimum 
Regem  ad  instantiam  memoratae  illustrissimae  reginae  per 
edictu  citatum  extitisse,  ut  comparere  deberet  in  Curia 
coram  eo  per  se  uel  per  procuratorem,  idem  D.  Odoardus 
tanq.  excusator  &  excusatorio  nomine  dicti  Regis  coram 
praedicto  D.  Paulo  comparuit,  quasdem  materias  excu- 
satorias  exhibens,"  &c.  &c. 

The  conclusions  are  twenty-five  in  number,  and 
occupy  two  pages.  The  six  next  pages  are  occu- 
pied by  — 

"Tenor  Materiarum  pro  parte  Domini  excusatoris  Se- 
renissimi  ac  inuictissimi  Regis  Anglise  Propositarum." 

The  heading  of  page  nine  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  Beatissime  Pater  ex  articolis  contends  in  materiis  - 
alias  datis,  S.  V.  eliciuntur  Conclusiones  infrascripte 
coram  S.  V.  &  suo  Sacrosancto  Senatu  in  amplissimo 
Cosistorio  penultima  Februarii  proposite  &  disputate." 

(P.  12.)  "  Responsa  data  penvltimo  die  Februarii,"  &c. 

(P.  26.)  "  Responsa  data  sexta  die  Martii  in  Presen,tia 
S.  D.  N.  in  Cosistorio  ad  allegations  aduocatorum  Sere- 
nissime  Regine  deductas  contra  Lres  coclusiones  ilia  die 
" 

&c. 


.  42.)  "  Responsa  data  xiii.  Martii,"  &c. 
.  61.)  "  Responsa  data  xx.  Martii,"  &c. 

The  volume  ends  thus  :  — 

"  Et  ex  predictis  remaet  iustificata  predicta  ultima  con- 
clusio,  &  responsum  est  adversariorum  obiectioni." 

W.  H.  J.  W. 

PRIVATE  SOLDIER  (3rd  S.  iv.  501.)—  I  fear  you 
will  have  some  difficulty  in  arriving  at  a  true 
derivation  of  this  title.  I  apprehend  it  is  soldier's 
slang.  The  word  is  not  recognised  by  military 
authority.  In  the  army  there  are  officers,  non- 
commissioned officers  (that  is,  Serjeants  and  cor- 
porals), and  rank  and  file.  If,  by  court-martial,  a 
non-commissioned  officer  is  reduced,  the  pun- 
ishment is  thus  worded  :  in  the  cavalry,  "  to  the 


3'*  S.  V.  FEB.  13,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


145 


rank  and  pay  of  a  dragoon;"  in  the  artillery,  to 
a  "gunner,  or  driver" — as  the  case  may  be;  in 
infantry,  to  a  " sentinel"  You  will  observe,  that 
in  no  case  is  "  private  soldier"  admitted.  I  will 
give  your  readers  another  query  :  Why  do  soldiers 
call  the  dark  clothes  of  the  civilian,  which  they 
occasionally  wear  when  putting  off  their  scarlet 
tunics,  "coloured  clothes"?  Bar  a  lucus  a  non 
lucendo,  I  am  at  a  loss  to  conceive.  EBORACUM. 

THE  FIRST  BOOK  PRINTED  IN  BIRMINGHAM 
(3rd  S.  iv.  388,  520.)  — Possibly  A  Loyal  Oration 
(1717)  may  be  the  first  tract  printed  in  Birming- 
ham, but  the  earliest  book  printed  there  that  I 
have  met  with,  is  — 

"  A  HELP  against  SIN  in  our  ordinary  Discourse.  As 
also  against  prophane  Swearing,  Cursing,  evil  Wishing, 
and  taking  God's  Holy  Name  in  vain :  And  also  against 
Triming  on  the  Lord's"  Day — Shewing  that  it  is  neither  a 
Work  of  Mercy,  nor  Case  of  Necessity :  and,  therefore, 
ought  not  to  be  done  on  that  Day. 

*'  Remember  the  Sabbath  Day  to  keep  it  Holy.  —  Exodus 
20,  15  (sic). 

"  Six  Days  may  Work  be  done,  but  the  Seventh  is  a 
Sabbath  of  Rest .  .  Holy  to  the  Lord;  whosoever  doth  any 
Work  thereon,  shall  surely  be  put  to  Death,  see  Exodus 
31, 15. 

"  Publish'd  by  the  Author,  R.  H[amersley],  Chyrur- 
geon  in  Walsall,  Staffordshire,  1719.  Birmingham  : 
Printed  by  H.  S.  in  New  Street." 

It  is  a  12mo  (pp.  64),  and  my  copy  is  in  the 
original  leather  binding.  At  p.  27,  Hamersley 

says :  — 

"  Some  years  past  I  put  out  a  little  book  .  . .  called 
Advice  to  Sunday  Barbers,  but  there  were  but  a  few  of 
those  books  printed." 

If  the  Advice  was  printed  in  Birmingham,  it 
would  be  before  A  Loyal  Oration. 

Information  respecting  Hamersley,  or  "  H.  B." 
the  publisher,  will  be  thankfully  received. 

CHAS.  H.  BAYLEY. 

Westbromwich. 

HOLT  HOUSE  OF  LORETTO  (3rd  S.  v.  73.)  — The 
Holy  House  of  Loretto  has  certainly  not  been 
carried  to  Milan,  or  anywhere  else :  its  removal 
from  beneath  the  dome  of  the  church,  where  it 
has  stood  for  ages,  is  impossible  except  stone  by 
stone. 

The  history  of  the  Santa  Casa  is  one  of  the 
most  wildly  imaginative  legends  which  yet  hold 
any  place  in  the  world's  belief.  It  probably  grew 
up  around  a  cottage,  built  in  imitation  of  the 
dwelling  at  Nazareth  by  some  pious  Italian  pil- 
grim; who,  on  his  return  from  the  Holy  Land, 
wished  to  revive  in  the  neighbourhood  of  his 
home  the  religious  emotions  he  had  felt  when 
contemplating  what  he  believed  to  be  the  scene  of 
the  Annunciation.  At  a  time  when  historic  criti- 
cism was  unknown,  the  legends  of  Palestine  be- 
came attached  to  the  Italian  building;  and  that 
which  had  once  been  poetry,  hardened  into 
dogma. 


Dean  Stanley's  Sinai  and  Palestine  contains  an 
interesting  account  of  the  Santa  Casa,  and  the 
house  at  Nazareth.  A  far  more  curious  book 
has,  however,  recently  been  published  by  a  de- 
vout believer  in  the  legendary  history  of  the 
building :  — 

"  Loretto  and  Nazareth :  Two  Lectures  containing  the 
Results  of  Personal  Investigation  of  the  Two  Sanctuaries. 
By  William  Antony  Hutchinson,  Priest  of  the  Oratory. 
8vo.  1863." 

The  author  died  on  the  12th  of  last  July,  while 
his  book  was  in  the  printer's  hands. 

The  literature  of  the  Holy  House  is  extensive, 
but  little  known  in  this  country.  The  following 
is,  I  think,  in  the  British  Museum :  — 

"  LORETTO. —  Philippon  (A.),  Histoire  de  la  Sainte 
Maison  de  Lorette.  Paris,  1649.  Oblong  4to." 

A  LORD  or  A  MANOR. 

TEDDING  HAY  IN  SCOTLAND  AND  YORKSHIRE 
(3rd  S.  iv.  430,  524.)  —  This  term  is  used  to  this 
day,  meaning  to  spread  hay ;  and  the  patent  im- 
plement, for  that  purpose,  is  called  a  "  tedding 
machine."  EBORACUM. 

FOLK  LORE  (3rd  S.  iv.  514.)— Might  I  suggest 
that,  when  the  whitethorn  bears  an  abundant 
crop,  it  arises  from  a  warm  summer,  that  gives 
plenty  of  blossoms  to  ripen  into  fruit.  This  was 
so  in  1851-2;  and  in  Warwickshire,  at  least,  we 
had  the  mildest  winter  I  ever  remember. 

EBORACUM. 

ENIGMA  (3rd  S.  v.  55, 103.)— Is  it  not  a  kiss  that 
is  indicated  by  this  riddle  ?  Such  gifts  are  not  in 
the  possession  of  the  giver  before  the  giving,  nor 
in  that  of  the  receiver  after  it.  The  giver,  we  know, 
sometimes  gives  them  Qs\ov<ra  KOV  0eAoy<ra;  even 
when  there  is  resistance  she  is  said  to  give  the 
thing  in  question,  which  cannot  therefore  be  said 
to  be  forcibly  taken,  and  she  may  take  it  again 
without  any  effort  to  do  so.  NUPER  IDONEUS. 

Carlton  Club. 

Both  E.  V.  and  F.  C.  H.  are  wron<*  as  to  the 
solutions  of  the  Earl  of  Surrey's  quaint  enigma. 
The  answer,  I  take  it,  rnd  and  also  give  it,  is  evi- 
dently —  a  kiss.  II. 

Chelmsford. 

"A  SHOFUL"  (2nd  S.  x.  410.)  — As  I  do  not 
think  that  the  query  of  your  esteemed  correspon- 
dent, A.  A.,  as  to  the  derivation  of  this  slang  de- 
signation of  a  Hansom  cab  has  ever  been  answered, 
I  send  my  notion  of  the  etymology  of  the  term. 
A.  A.  says, — "  The  other  day,  a  witness,  giving 
evidence  at  a  police  office,  was  asked  what  his  oc- 
cupation might  be  ?  He  answered  that  '  he  drove 
a  shoful,'  which  he  afterwards  explained  to  be  a 
Hansom  cab."  Most  persons  who  have  observed 
the  occupant  of  a  Hansom  cab  in  the  summer 
time,  have  noticed  that  the  doors  are  generally 
thrown  open,  thus  affording  an  entire  view,  or 
"  show  full "  of  the  person  sitting  in  the  vehicle. 


146 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3*d  S.  V.  FEB.  13,  '64. 


Thus,  "There  goes  a  show  full,"  might  easily  be- 
come current  slang.  JOHN  PAVIN  PHILLIPS. 

Haverfordwest. 

EARL  or  LEICESTER  (3rd  S.  v.  109.)— The  epi- 
taph on  the  Earl  of  Leicester  which  MR.  PAYNE 
COLLIER  inquires  after  will  be  found  (with  the  last 
two  lines  somewhat  varied)  in  the  Collection  of 
William  Drummond  of  Hawthornden. 

C.  F.  S.  WARREN. 

OLIVER  DE  DURDEN  (3rd  S.  v.  115.)— It  seems 
probable  that  Oliver  de  Durden,  whom  ANTI- 
QUARY inquires  after,  is  identical  with  "  Oliver, 
a  military  man,"  mentioned  as  a  natural  son  of 
King  John  by  Rapin,  Anderson,  and  Sandford. 
He  would  then  be  half  brother  to  King  Henry  III. 
C.  F.  S.  WARREN. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

Alexander  Hamilton  and  his  Contemporaries ;  or  the  Rise 
of  the  American  Constitution.  By  Christopher  James 
Riethmuller.  (Bell  &  Daldy.) 

We  have  in  this  well-timed  volume  a  brief  account  of 
the  rise  of  the  American  Constitution,  in  connection  with 
the  life  and  opinions  of  the  remarkable  man  "  who  did 
the  most  to  call  it  into  existence  and  bring  it  into  work- 
ing order,  while  he  foresaw  its  dangers  from  the  beginning, 
and  laboured  incessantly  to  guard  against  them."  The 
story  of  Hamilton's  varied  life ;  his  labours  in  the  field 
and  in  the  council ;  his  influence  and  his  disinterested- 
ness, are  interwoven  with  the  history  of  the  Republic  and 
the  rise  of  the  Constitution ;  and  are  narrated  by  Mr. 
Riethmuller  in  a  pleasing  and  graceful  style,  which  will 
satisfy  the  English  reader,  and  with  a  feeling  for  the 
difficulties  and  struggles  in  which  the  countrymen  of 
Hamilton  are  now  unhappily  engaged,  which  will,  we 
should  think,  serve  to  convince  them  that  the  people  of 
England  view  with  emotions  of  deep  sympathy  and  re- 
gret the  calamities  which  has  befallen  their  kindred  in 
blood,  in  language,  and  in  religion. 

An  Essay  towards  the  Interpretation  of  the  Apocalypse. 
By  the  Rev.  B.  Stacey  Clarke.     (Rivingtons.) 
A  new  Interpretation  of  the  Apocalypse,  based  upon  no 
higher  authority  than  the  writer's  own  private  judgment,  is 
hardly  likely  to  carry  weight  with  the  Christian  Church. 
But  there  is  another  reason,  we  think,  which  will  hinder 
the  acceptance  of  Mr.  Clarke's  work ;  and  it  is  this — that  , 
the  Interpretation  is  more  obscure  than  the  original  he  i 
seeks  to  explain. 

Shakespeare's  Jest  Books ;  Reprints  of  the  early' and  very 
rare  Jest  Books,  supposed  to  have  been  used  by  Shake- 
speare.    I.  A  Hundred  Mery  Tales,  from  the  only  known 
Copy.     II.  Mery  Tales  and  Quiche  Answeres,  from  the 
rare  Edition  of  1567.     Edited,  with  Introduction  and 
Notes,  by  W.  Carew  Hazlitt.    (Willis  &  Sotheran.) 
Among  the  books  of  the  people—"  which  with  all  their 
occasional  coarseness  and  frequent  dulness,  are,"  as  Mr. 
Hazlitt  well  observes,  "  of-  extreme  and  peculiar  value,  as 
illustrations  of  early  manners  and  habits  of  thought " — 
none  are  more  deserving  of  attention  than  the  popular 
Je»t  Books  :  and  certainly  none  could  more  appropriately 
form  the  opening  volumes  of  a  series  of  Old  English  Jest 
Books  than  the  two  extremely  rare  volumes  of  which 


some  few  years  since  Mr.  Singer  reprinted  a  very  limited 
impression.  Of  the  "Hundred  Mery  Tales,"  only  one 
copy,  and  that  formed  of  portions  of  two  copies,  and  yet 
imperfect,  is  known  to  exist.  It  was  printed  by  John 
Rastell  about  1525,  and  afterwards  by  Walley,  Awdley, 
and  Charlwood ;  but  not  a  fragment  of  their  editions  is 
known  to  exist.  The  "  Mery  Tales  and  Quicke  An- 
sweres,"  originally  printed  by  Berthelet  (about  1535), 
was  reprinted  by  Wykes,  with  the  addition  of  twenty-six 
new  stories,  in  1567.  Mr.  Hazlitt  has  reproduced  this 
latter,  which  is  of  extreme  rarity.  The  editor  has  obvi- 
ously bestowed  great  care  and  attention  on  the  work,  and 
his  illustrations  are  pertinent  and  satisfactory. 

The  Book  of  Days ;  a  Miscellany  of  Popular  Antiquities 
in  connection   with   the    Calendar,    including  Anecdote, 
Biography,  and  History,   Curiosities  of  Literature,  and 
Oddities  of  Human  Life  and  Character.     (Paris  XXII. 
to  XXVI.)    (W.  &  R.  Chambers.) 
We  congratulate  Messrs.  Chambers  on  having  brought 
to  a  successful  conclusion  the  very  useful  Companion  to 
the  Calendar,  which,  under  its  appropriate  title  of  The 
Book  of  Days,  is  destined,  we  have  no  doubt,  for  many 
years  to  take  its  place  on  the  shelves  of  all  lovers  of  old 
times  and  old  customs,  beside  the  now  venerable  but  al- 
ways amusing  Every  Day  Book  of  William  Hone.    The 
Book  of  Days  is  not  only  a  book  to  be  consulted  when 
information  connected  with  Days  and  Seasons  is  to  be 
sought  for,  but  it  may  be  taken  up  at  odd  moments  like 
a  volume  of  the  French  Ana,  and  will  be  found  quite  as 
amusing,  while  its  utility  is  doubled  by  an  Index  which 
is  a  model  for  all  similar  Miscellanies. 

ADMIRALTY  DOMESDAY  BOOK.  —We  learn,  from  The 
Naval  Chronicle  of  the  month,  that  Mr.  C.  M.  Roupell, 
barrister-at-law,  has  been  appointed  by  the  Admiralty  to 
compile  a  Domesday  Book  or  Register  of  all  the  property 
belonging  to  or  under  the  control  of  the  Board  of  Ad- 
miralty. 

BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose:  — 

THB  LIFE-BOAT;   OR,  JOURNAL  OF  THE  LIFE-BOAT  INSTITUTION.    Volfl. 
I.  II.  III.  and  IV.    Singly,  separately,  or  in  the  quarterly  parts. 
Wanted  by  J.S.A.  care  of  Mr.  Baseley,  29,  Throgmorton  Street, 
London,  B.C. 

MUNROE'S  EXPEDITION  WITH   THS    SCOTS   REGIMENT   MACKAT'S.    Pub- 
lished in  folio,  1637. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  A.  Mackay,  33,  G  Jorgen  Strasse,  Berlin. 


to 

MONODT  ON  THE  DEATH  OF  SIR  JOHN  MOORE.  This  was  written  by  the 
Eev.  Charles  Woolf.  See  "  N.  &  Q."  1st  S.  i.  445,  for  a  curious  hoax  as 
to  the  authorship,  see  "  N.  &  Q."  1st  S.  vi.80, 158.  We  shall  always  be 
happy  to  receive  the  queries  o/W.  Z. 

WILL  AND  CONFESSION  OF  FAITH  OF  JOHN  SHAKESPEARE — M.!D.  witt 
find  in  the  very  first  volume  of  "  N.  &  Q."  several  articles  by  Mr.  Bolton 
Corney  and  the  late  Mr.  Croker  on  this  document,  which  has  long  been 
recognised  as  a  mere  forgery. 

J.  L.'s  address  is  in  the  hands  not  of  the  publisher,  but  of  the  Editor, 
who  will  forward  it  to  T.  B.  upon  being  informed  where  to  send  it. 

ERRATA.  — 3rd  S.  iv.  p.  504,  col.  ii.  line  seven  from  bottom/or  "  Moral 
Philosophy"  read  "Moral  Philosopher;  "  vol.  v.  p.  65,  col.  i.line  30, for 
"  The  Rev.  Samuel  Dunne  "  read  "  Samuel  Denne." 

"NOTES  AND  QUERIES "  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publisher  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  INDEX)  is  Us.  4d.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office.  Order, 


..      le  at  the.  Strand  Post  Office,  in  favour  of  WILLIAM  G.  SMITH,  32, 

ELLINGTON  STREET,  SlRAND,   W.C.,  tO  Whom  all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR 

THB  EDITOR  sliould  be  addressed. 

"  NOTES  &  QUERIES  "  is  registered  for  transmission  abroad. 


3'd  S.  V.  FEB.  13,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


I 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

WESTERN,  MANCHESTER  AND  LONDON, 

Yt      AMD  METROPOLITAN  COUNTIES  LITE  ASSURANCE   ; 

AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY.  A  SUPPLEMENT  to  the  PROSPECTUS,  showing  the  advantages 

CHWF  Owcms :  8,  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and         I   of  the  Bonus  System,  may  be  had  on  application  to 

SAMUEL  INGALL,  Actuary. 


MPERIAL    LIFE    INSURANCE    COMPANY, 

1,  OLD  BROAD  STREET,  B.C. 

Instituted  A.D.  1820. 


77,  KING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


H.E.Bicknell.Esq. 

T.Somers  Cocks,  Esq.,  M.A..J.F. 

Geo.  H.  Drew,  Esq.,  M.  A. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.  Goodhart.Esq.,  J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,M.P. 

Peter  Hood,  Esq 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  R.  E.Howard,  D.C.L. 
James  Hunt,  Esq. 
John  Leigh,  Esq. 
Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.B.  Marson.Esq. 
E.  VansittartNeale,  Esq.,M.A. 
Bonamy  Price,  Esq.,M.A. 
Jas.  Lys  Seager,  Esq. 
Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 
John  B.  White,  Esq. 
Henry  Wilbraham.Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary — Ajthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society's  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Rates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.    Persons  entering 
within  the  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 
MEDICAL  MEN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 


HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:  — 
Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24s. 
per  dozen. 

White  Bordeaux 24s.  and  30s.  per  doz. 

Good  Hock 30s.    „    36s.       „ 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne 36s.,  42s.    „     48s.       „ 

Good  Dinner  Sherry 24s.    „    80s. 

Port 24«.,30s.   „     36s.       „ 

They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120s.  per  doz. 

Vintage  1834 „   108s.       „ 

Vintage  1840 84s.       „ 

Vintage  1847 „     72s.       „ 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry,  36s., 42s. 
48s.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s.,  4 2s.,  48s.,  60s.,  72s.,  84s.;  Hochhei- 
mer,  Marcobrunner,  Rudesheimer,  Steinberg,  Leibf'raumilch,  60s.j 
Johannesberger  and  Steinberger,  72s.,  84s.,  to  120s. ;  Braunberger,  Grun- 


i  hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48s.  to  84s.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48s.,  60s.,  66s., 
jne,  66s.  78s.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tia,  Lachrymse  Christi,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.    Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  doz.; 


78s.;  very  choice  Champagne,  66s.  78s. 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Constant?     " 


JIAROE  MADE   FOR   POLICY   STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIBS 
to  old  lives,  are  liberaL  

Now  ready,  price  14s. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN.  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 


O  S  T   E   O 


I   D  O  Iff. 


Patent,  March  1,  1862,  No.  660. 

/GABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH   and 

\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE  OLD   ESTABLISHED  DENTISTS, 
27,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London; 

134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth.      Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 

"MR.    HOWARD,    SURGEON-DENTIST,    52, 

1TJL  FLEET-STREET,  has  introduced  an  ENTIRELY  NEW 
DESCRIPTION  of  ARTIFICIAL  TEETH,  fixed  without  springs, 
-vires,  or  ligatures.  They  so  perfectly  resemble  the  natural  teeth  as 


very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-of" 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton:  30,  King's  Road. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 

CAMPBELL'S  OLD  GLENLIVAT  WHISKY 

\J  At  this  season  of  the  year,  J.  Campbell  begs  to  direct  attention  to 
this  fine  old  MALT  WHISKY,  of  which  he  has  held  a  large  stock  for 
30  years,  price  20s.  per  gallon;  Sir  John  Power's  old  Irish  Whisky,  18s.» 
Hennessey's  very  old  Pale  Brandy,  32s.  per  gallon  (J.  C.'s  extensive 
business  in  French  Wines  gives  him  a  thorough  knowledge  of  the 
Brandy  market):  E.  Clicquot's  Champagne,  d6s.  per  dozen;  Sherry, 
Pale,  Golden,  or  Brown,  30s.,  36s.,  and  42s.;  Port  from  the  wood,  30». 
and  36s.,  crusted,  42s.,  48s.  and  54s.  Note.  —  J.  Campbell  confidently 
recommends  hisVin  de  Bordeaux,  at  20s.  per  dozen,  which  greatly  im- 
proves by  keeping  in  bottle  two  or  three  years.  Remittances  or  town 
references  should  be  addressed  JAMES  CAMPBELL,  158,  Regent  Street. 


E 


not_to  be  distinguished  from  the  originals  by  the  closest  observer  ;  they 
inge  colour  or  decay,  and  will  be  found  superior  to  any 


will  never  char. ,, , , 

teeth  ever  before  used.  This  method  does  not  require  the  extraction  of 
roots,  or  any  painful  operation,  and  will  support  and  preserve  teeth 
that  are  loose,  and  is  guaranteed  to  restore  articulation  and  mastica- 
tion. Decayed  teeth  stopped  and  rendered  sound  and  useful  in  mas- 
tication.-52,  Fleet  Street.  « 


AU-DE- VIE.— This  pure  PALE  BRANDY,  18s. 

m  j  per  gallon,  is  peculiarly  free  from  acidity,  and  very  superior  to 
recent  importations  of  Cognac.  In  French  bottles,  38s.  per  doz.;  or  in 
j  a  case  for  the  country,  39s.,  railway  carriage  paid.  No  agents,  and  to 
be  obtained  only  of  HENRY  BRETT  &  CO.,  Old  Furnival's  Distillery, 
Holborn.E.C.,  and  30,  Regent  Street,  Waterloo  Place,  S.W.,  London. 
Prices  Current  free  on  application. 

Sold  by  Grocers  and  Druggists. 

F  E  Y  '   S 

IMPROVED    HOMCEOPATHIC    COCOA. 

Price  Is.  6d.  per  Ib. 
FRY'S     PEARL     COCOA. 

FRY'S  ICELAND  MOSS  COCOA. 
J.  S.  FRY  &  SONS.  Bristol  and  London. 


PIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

MAGNOLIA,  WHITE  ROSE,  FRANGIPANNI,  GERA- 
NIUM, PA1CHOULY,  EVER-SWEET,  NEW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1  .OOO  others.  2s.  6d.  each.-2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 

HOLLOWAY'S  OINTMENT  AND  PILLS.— 
THE  KNIFE  SUPERSEDED.-A11  afflicted  with  ulcers,  di- 
seases of  the  bones  and  inflammations  of  the  joints,  should  read  this 
estimonittl  to  the  curative  powers  of  these  healing  and  purifying  reme- 
dies.- Mr.  John  Allen,  17,  Denmark  Street,  Leicester,  suffered  severely 
rom  a  bad  foot  for  three  years,  during  which  long  period  he  was  under 
surgical  treatment  without  any  perceptible  benefit.  He  resolutely 
objected  to  amputation,  which  seemed  the  only  course  open  till  he 
providentially  tried  Holloway's  remedies:  these  gave  him  great  relief, 
at  lust  completely  cured  him.  Spots,  blemishes,  sores,  and  skin 
disorders,  arising  from  impoverished  blood  or  a  reckless  course  of  life, 
may  be  removed  by  the  judicious  use  of  Holloway's  Ointment  and 


CAPTAXTT    "WHITE'S 

ORIENTAL  PICKLE,  CURRY,  or  MULLIGA- 
TAWNY PASTE. 

Curry  Powder,  and  Curry  Sauce,  may  be  obtained  from  all  Sauce- 
Vendors,  and  Wholesale  of 

CROSSE  &  BLACKWELL,  Purveyors  to  the  Queen,  Soho  Square. 
London. 


Dinneford's  Pure  Fluid  Magnesia 

j  Has  been,  during  twenty-five  years,  emphatically  sanctioned  by  the 
Medical  Profession,  and  universally  accepted  by  the  Public,  as  the 
Best  Remedy  for  Acidity  0*f  the  Stomach,  Heartburn,  Headache,  Gout, 

I  and  Indigestion,  and  as  a  Mild  Aperient  for  delicate  constitutions,  more 
especially  for  Ladies  and  Children.  When  combined  with  the  Acidu- 

|   lated  Lemon  Syrup,  it  forms  an  AGREEABLE  EFFERVESCING  DRAUGHT. 

'•  in  which  its   Aperient  qualities    are  much  increased.     During  Hot 

I  Seasons,  and  in  Hot  Climates,  the  regular  use  of  this  simple  and  elegant 
remedy  has  been  found  highly  beneficial.  It  is  prepared  (in  a  state 

1  of  perfect  purity  and  of  uniform  strength)  by  D1NNEFORD  &  CO., 
172,  New  Bond  Street,  London:  and  sold  by  »ll  respectable  Chemists 

i  throughout  the  World. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  3.  V.  FEB.  13,  '64. 


"MR.  MURRAY'S  excellent  and  uniform  series."  —  ENGLISH  CHURCHMAN. 
"MB.MUHKAY'S  Student's  Manuals  are  the  cheapest  educational  books  in  existence."— EXAMINES. 

MR.  MURRAY'S  STUDENT'S  MANUALS 

FOR   ADVANCED   SCHOLARS. 


"This  series  of  'STUDENTS'  MANUALS,'  edited  for  the 
most  part  by  DR.  WM.  SMITH,  possess  several  distinctive 
features  which  render  them  singularly  valuable  as  educa- 
tional works.  While  there  is  an  utter  absence  of  flippancy 
in  them,  there  is  thought  in  every  page,  which  cannot 


fail  to  excite  thought  in  those  who  study  them,  and  we 
are  glad  of  an  opportunity  of  directing  the  attention  of 
such  teachers  as  are  not  familiar  with  them  to  these  ad- 
mirable school-books" — The  Museum. 


I.— EWGLAND. 

THE  STUDENT'S  HUME;  a  History  of  England, 

from  the  Earliest  Times.  Based  on  the  History  by  DAVID  HUME, 
corrected  and  continued  to  1858.  Woodcuts.  Post  8vo.  7*.  6d. 

"  This  History  is  certainly  well  done.  In  the  form  of  Notes  and  Illus- 
trations, many  important  subjects,  constitutional,  legal  or  social  are 
treated ;  and  the  authorities  of  the  period  are  mentioned  at  its  close. 

Spectator. 

II.— PRANCE. 

THE    STUDENT'S  HISTORY  OF  FRANCE. 

From  the  Earliest  Times  to  the  Establishment  of  the  Second  Em- 
pire, 1852.  Edited  by  WM.  SMITH,  LL.D.  Woodcuts.  Post 
8vo.  7s.  6d. 

"  There  was  no  greater  literary  want  than  a  really  good  English  His- 
tory of  France,  which  is  now  supplied  by  the  work  before  us.  The 
matter  is  well  selected,  and  well  condensed;  and  the  style  is  clear  and 
forcible."— Gardener's  Chronicle. 


III.— GREECE. 

THE   STUDENT'S  HISTORY  OF  GREECE. 

From  the  Earliest   Times  to  the  Roman  Conquest.     By  WM. 
SMITH,  LL.D.    Woodcuts.    PostSvo.    7*.  6d. 

"  Written  on  an  excellent  plan,  and  carried  out  in  a  careful  and 
scholar-like  manner.  The  great  distinctive  feature,  however,  is  the 
History  of  Literature  and  Art.  This  gives  it  a  decided  advantage  over 
all  previous  works."— Athenaeum. 


IV.—  ROME. 

(1)  THE    REPUBLIC. 

THE  STUDENT'S  HISTORY  OF  ROME.    From 

the  Earliest  Times  to  the  Establishment  of  the  Empire.    By  DEAN 
LIDDELL.    Woodcuts.    PostSvo.    7s.  6d. 

"  We  should  commend  this  history  to  the  youthful  student  as  the  one 
which  will  convey  the  latest  views  and  most  extensive  information. 
Our  opinion  is,  that  there  is  no  other  work  which  so  ably  supplies  '  a 
History  of  Rome  '  suited  to  the  present  day."  —  niackwood. 

(2)  THE  EMPIRE. 

THE   STUDENT'S   GIBBON;  an  Epitome  of  the 


SMIT 


d  Fal1  of  the  Roman  Empire.    By  WM. 
Woodcuts.    PostBvo.    7s.  3d. 


"Dr.  Wm.  Smith  has  preserved  the  main  features  of  the  great  his- 
torian's work,  the  chief  alteration  being  the  omission  of  offensive  anti- 
of  the7eV"eeGwa"?ta  mcorporation  of  important  notes  in  the  body 


V.— LANGUAGE   and  LITERATURE. 

THE  STUDENT'S  MANUAL  of  the  ENGLISH 

LANGUAGE.  By  GEORGE  P.  MARSH.  Edited,  with  addi- 
tional Chapters  and  Notes,  by  WM.  SMITH,  LL.D.  Post  BVO. 
7s.  6d. 

"  Dr. 

tinct  sum 
lish  languag 
nceum 


mith  has  added  two  chapters,  containing  a  compact  yet  dis- 
amary  of  what  is  to  be  found  in  the  best  writers  on  the  Eng- 
uage;  and  has  produced  a  manual  of  great  utility." — A  the- 


THE    STUDENT'S    MANUAL    OF    ENGLISH 

LITERATURE,     By  T.  B.  SHAW.     Edited,  with  Notes   and 
Illustrations,  by  WM.  SMITH,  LL.D.    Post  8vo.    7s.  6d. 

"  Mr.  Shaw  has  supplied  a  desideratum  in  English  Literature.  His 
book  contains  a  brief  but  satisfactory  sketch  of  all  the  great  English 
writers,  from  the  earliest  period  to  the  present  day.  On  the  whole  it 
appears  to  be  a  fair  and  impartial  summary." — English  Review. 


VI.— GRAMMARS. 

THE    STUDENT'S    GREEK   GRAMMAR.     By 

PROFESSOR  CURTIUS.    Translated  under  the  Revision  of  the 
Author.    Edited  by  WM.  SMITH,  LL.D.    Post  8vo.    ^•s.  6d. 

"  There  is  no  Greek  Grammar  in  existence  which  in  so  small  a  com- 
pass contains  so  much  valuable  and  suggestive  information,  and  we 
nope  that  it  may  ere  long  be  adopted  as  the  standard  Greek  Grammar 
in  this  country,  a  position  which  it  holds  in  most  of  the  schools  of  con- 
tinental Europe."—  The  Museum. 


THE    STUDENT'S    LATIN  GRAMMAR. 

WM.  SMITH,  LL.D.   Post8vo.    7s.  6d. 


By 


"  This  grammar  is  intended  to  occupy  an  intermediate  position  be- 
tween the  large  treatises  of  Zumpt  ana  Madvig,  and  the  numerous 
elementary  Kchool  grammars.  There  are  very  lew  students  who  will 
require  more  information  than  is  here  supplied  by  skilful  arrangement, 
in  a  convenient  size  and  form  for  practical  use.  The  editor's  good  sense 
is  visible  throughout."— Athenceum. 


VII.— GEOGRAPHY. 

THE    STUDENT'S    MANUAL    OF    ANCIENT 

GEOGRAPHY.     By   REV.  W.  L.  SEVAN.     Edited  by   WM. 
SMITH,  LL.D.    Woodcuts.    Post  8vo.    7s.  6d. 

"  A  valuable  addition  to  our  geographical  works.  It  contains  the 
newest  and  most  reliable  information  derived  from  the  researches  of 
modern  travellers.  Xo  better  text-book  can  be  placed  in  tlie  hands  of 
scholars."— Journal  of  Education. 


JOHN  MURRAY,  Albemarle  Street. 


Printed  by  GEORGE  ANDREW  SPOTTISWOODE,  at  5  New-street  Square,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Bride,  in  the  County  of  Middlesex;  and 
Published  by  WILLIAM  GREIG  SMITH,  of  32  Wellington  Street,  Strand,  in  the  said  County.-  Saturday,  February  13,  1864. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 

A  MEDIUM  OF  INTER-COMMUNICATION 

FOR 

LITERARY  MEN,  GENERAL   READERS,   ETC. 

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Office:  12,  Red  Lion  Court,  Fleet  Street,  London. 

CHANDOS  PORTRAIT  OF  SHAKSPEARE, 
.the  best  Authenticated  of  all  the  Likenesses  (from  the  Duke  of 
Buckingham's  Plate) ;  also.  Engravings  of  the  Portraits  in  the  Pos- 
session of  the  Duke  of  Somerset;  J.  W.  Croker,  Esq.;  C.  Auriol,  Esq. ; 
G.  Nicol,  Esq. :  Marshall's,  and  one  after  the  Bust.  "  David  Garrick," 
after  Pine,  by  Cooper. 

C.  LONSDALE'S  Musical  Circulating  Library,  26,  Old  Bond  Street. 
Now  ready,  price  Us.  6d.  (post  free),  mounted  on  India  Paper, 

THE  ONLY  AUTHENTICATED   PORTRAIT 
OF  WILLIAM  SHAKESPEARE.     Beautifully  photographed 
from  the  original  as  preserved  in  the  first  folio  edition  of  Shakespeare's 
Works.     Ben  Jonson,  the  friend  and  companion  of  the  Poet,  bears 
witness  to  its  excellency  as  a  likeness,  saying  that - 

"  The  graver  had  a  strife 
With  nature  to  outdo  the  life." 

Beneath  the  portrait  is  an  accurate  facsimile  of  Shakespeare's  Auto- 
graph, copied  from  the  original  in  the  British  Museum. 

F.  S.  ELLIS,  33,  King  Street,  Covent  Garden. 


(BEDS,   &c.  —  Elizabeth    Anne    Henry  — eldest 

*^»v.  daughter  of  tlie  Hon.  Jubez  Henry  (died  1835)  and  Eliza  Parker 
^rthJdl,ed_  l«th  Januarj-,.18W),  and_widow  of  Professor  Arthur  Heu- 


^V;^'"1-'^  with  her  relative  to  Boiids.'lxitters  J'npers,  jfc", 
entrusted  to  their  care.  Direct  to  Mrs.  Arthur  Henfrey  (born  Elizabeth 
Anne  Henry)  Elton  House,  St.  Alban's,  Herts.  Eliza  Parker  Forth 
^q"areCL>ojiaonaUghter  °f  Nathaniel  Pariter  Forth,  of  8,  Manchester 

3&oS.  No.  112. 


THE  CAMDEN  SOCIETY. 

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To  Members  of  the  Society,  i.  e.  Subscribers  for  the  current  year, 
applying  whilst  the  Works  of  former  years  remain  in  stock,  they  will 
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The  books  for  each  year,  except  the  first  (which  are  out  of  print)  and 
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has  been  paid. 

Copies  of  the  Prospectus,  containing  a  List  of  the  Society's  Publica- 
tions, or  the  Report,  may  be  had  on  application  to  MESSES.  NICHOLS 
AMD  SONS.  25,  Parliament  Street,  Westminster. 

OTRATFORD-UPON-AVON    Tercentenary    of 

kJ  the  Birth  of  Shakespeare.  Sole  London  Office,  "  Central  Ticket 
Office,"  No.  2.  Exeter  Hall,  Strand,  W.C.,for  the  receipt  of  Subscrip- 
tions in  aid  of  the  objects  of  the  Festival,  and  where  information  as  to 
the  general  arrangements  may  from  time  to  time  be  obtained.  Open 
daily  from  11  to  4. 

General  Outline  of  the  Programme  for  the  Celebration  :— 

Saturday,  April  23,  Grand  Banquet,  the  Earl  of  Carlisle,  K.G.,  in  the 
Chair. 

Monday  Morning,  April  25,  grand  performance  of  "  The  Messiah  ;" 
band  and  chorus  of  500  performers:  in  the  Evening  a  Miscellaneous 
Concert,  Shakespearian  Music,  &c. 

Tuesday  to  Friday,  April  26  to  29,  Dramatic  Performances  and  Read- 
ings, the  Festival  concluding  with  a  FAMCJ-  DRESS  BALL  on  Friday 
Evening. 

The  Grand  Pavilion,  specially  erected  for  the  Commemoration,  a 
substantial  structure  capable  of  accommodating  about  6,000  persons,  is 
nearly  completed.  Plans  of  seats  and  detailed  programmes  will  shortly 
be  ready  at  this  Office,  where  Tickets  will  be  on  sale.  The  profits  of 
the  Festival,  together  with  subscriptions,  which  are  respectfully  soli- 
cited, are  to  be  devoted  to  the  Endowment  of  Scholarships  in  the  Free 
Grammar  School  (founded  by  Edward  VI.)  wherein  Shakespeare  was 
educated,  and  for  the  erection  of  a  Memorial  to  the  poet  in  his  native 
town. 

Contributions  may  be  paid  at  this  Office  or  remitted  by  cheques,  or 
Post-office  orders  (payable  to  Mr.  John  Carmichael). 

The  names  of  all  Contributors  will  be  recorded  on  sheets  of  vellum, 
which  will  be  bound  in  volumes,  and  kept  as  a  permanent  record  in 
the  Home  wherein  Shakespeare  was  born  at  Stratford-upon-Avon. 

E.  F.  FLOWER, 
Mayor  of  Stratford-upon-Avon  :  Vice-Chairman. 

2,  Exeter  Hall,  Strand,  W.C. 

S~MTT~H7       BlTc  K      &       B  E  C^K^S 
PHOTOGRAPHIC  VIEWS 

OF  THE 

RUINS  of  COPAN,  Central  America. 

Taken  by  OSBERT  SALVIN,  M.A. 

"  Mr.  Osbert  Salvin  has  brought  home  from  Copan  a  series  of  Photo- 
graphs of  very  strange  interest.  Thanks  to  Messrs.  Smith,  Beck  &  Beck, 
the  scholar  may  now  obtain,  for  a  few  shillings,  exact  copies  of  these 
sculptured  stones,  with  their  droll  forms  and  undeciphered  inscrip- 
tions."— A  thenceum . 

"  Twenty-four  stereoscopic  photographs  have  just  been  published  by 
Messrs.  Smith,  Beck  &  Beck,  of  the  relics  of  one  of  the  most  interesting 
of  the  ancient  Central  American  ruins.  These  views,  under  one  of  the 
Publishers'  fine  stereoscopes,  bring  before  the  mind  the  elaborate  sculp- 
tures, just  as  they  stand  m  the  tangled  wilderness  of  forest  and  under- 
wood.— London  Keview. 

"  These  views  cannot  fail  to  interest  alike  the  antiquary  and  the 
ethnologist.  The  whole  series  must  be  most  acceptable  to  ethnological 
students."— Notes  and  Queries. 

"  Messrs.  Smith,  Beck  &  Beck  have  recently  made  a  valuable  addi- 
tion to  the  means  of  study  at  the  disposal  of  archaeologists,  by  publish- 
ing a  highly-interesting  series  of  stereoscopic  slides  from  photographs 
taken  by  Mr.  Osbert  Salvin,  of  the  Ruins  of  Copan,  Honduras." 

Intellectual  Observer. 

For  Full  Description,  see  Illustrated  London  News,  Jan.  16. 

Twenty-four  Views,  with  Plan  and  Description,  price  H.  10s. 

SMITH,  BECK  &  BECK,  31,  Cornhill.E.C. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3*«  S.  V.  FEB.  20,  '64. 


HAYDN'S    DATES,  — ELEVENTH  EDITION, 

Dates  and  Facts  relating  to  the  History  of  Mankind  from  the  most  authentic  and  recent  records, 

especially  interesting  to  the  Historian,  Members  of  the  Learned  Professions, 

Literary  Institutes,  Merchants,  and  General  Readers. 


In  One  handsome  Library  Volume,  beautifully  printed  in  legible  type,  price  Eighteen   Shillings,   cloth, 

A   DICTIONARY    OF    DATES 

RELATING  TO  ALL  AGES  AND  NATIONS  : 
FOE    UNIVERSAL      REFERENCE: 

COMPREHENDING  REMARKABLE  OCCURRENCES,  ANCIENT  AND  MODERN, 

The  Foundation,  Laws,  and  Government  of  Countries  —  their  Progress  in  Civilisation,  Industry,  Literature, 

Arts,  and  Science  —  their  Achievements  in  Arms  —  and  their  .Civil,  Military, 

and  Religious  Institutions,  and  particularly  of 

THE    BRITISH    EMPIRE. 

BY    JOSEPH    HAYDN. 

ELEVENTH  EDITION,  REVISED  AND  GREATLY  ENLARGED,  BY  BENJAMIN  VINCENT, 
Assistant  Secretary  and  Keeper  of  the  Library  of  the  Royal  Institution  of  Great  Britain. 


London :  EDWARD  MOXON  &  CO.,  44,  Dover  Street,  W. 


HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:  — 
Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24s. 
per  dozen. 

White  Bordeaux 24s.  and  30s.  per  doz. 

GoodHock 30s.    „    36s.       „ 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne 36s.,  42s.    „     48s.       „ 

Good  Dinner  Sherry 24s.    „    fcOs.       „ 

Port 24s.,30s.   „    36s.      „ 

They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120s.  per  doz. 

Vintage  1834 „   108s.       „ 

Vintage  1|40 ,     84s.       „ 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and'in first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "bees wing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry,  36s., 42*. 
48s. i  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s.,  42s.,  48s., 60s.,  72s.,  84s.-  Hochhei- 
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ESSRS.    CUNDALL,    DOWNES   &    CO    168 

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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


147 


•LONDON,  SATURDAY,  FEBRUARY  20,  1864. 


CONTENTS. —No.  112. 

NOTES :  —  Unpublished  Poems  by  Helen  D'Arcy  Cran- 
stoun,  &c.,  147  —  Tom  or  John  Drum's  Entertainment,  148 
—Dona  Maria  de  Padilla,  149  —  Beau  Wilson :  Law  of  Lau- 
riston,  150  —  Bowyer  House,  Camberwell— The  modern 
Magicians  of  Egypt  —  Richard  Chandler,  compiler  of  Par- 
liamentary Debates  —  Lord  Ball  of  Bagshot  —  Common 
Law,  151. 

QUERIES:  —Thomas  Holder:  Captain  Tobie  Holder,  152 
—Alleged  Plagiarism  —  Crowe  Field —Customs  in  Scot- 
land —  Digby  Motto  —  Enigma  —  Gaelic  Manuscript  — 
Greek  Custom  as  to  Horses  —  Herodotus  —  Inchgaw : 
Ruffolcia  —  Inquisitions  v.  Visitations  —  Mary  Masters  — 
Martin  —  Moore  —A  few  Queries  with  Quotations  wanted 

—  Rosary  —  The  Sea  of  Glass  —  Sir  John  Salter's  Tomb  and 
the  Salters'  Company  — A  Secret  Society— Sheridan  and 
Peter  Moor  —  Trials  of  Animals  —  Buck  Whalley,  M.P.  — 

—  Wonderful  Characters  — Marquis  of  Worcester's  "Cen- 
tury of  Inventions,"  153. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS:  —  Reginald Fitzurse— William 
Dunbar  —  Pope  and  Chesterfield— St.  Ishmael  —  "Offi- 
cina  gentium  "— J.  Holland,  Optician— Oath  of  the  Judges 
on  nominating  the  Sheriffs  —  Maint,  156. 

REPLIES:  — Portrait  of  our  Saviour,  157  —  Mutilation  of 
Sepulchral  Monuments,  158  —  Whitmore  Family,  159  — 
Psalm  xc.  9  (Vulgate  Ixxxix.  10),  160  —  St.  Mary  Matfelon, 
161  —On  Wit,  lb.—  Hans  Memlinc  :  "  Massacre  of  the  In- 
nocents "  —  Col.  Robert  Venables  —  Who  write  our  Negro 
Songs  ?  —  Thomson  the  Poet's  House  and  Cellar  — 
Gainsborough  Prayer  Book  —  Meschines  —  Springs  —  Cold 
in  June  and  Warmth  at  Christmas  —  Saint  Swithin's  Day 

—  Turnspit  Dogs— Charles  Hennebert— The  Broad  Arrow 

—  Richardson  Family,  &c.,  163. 
Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


UNPUBLISHED   POEMS  BY  HELEN  D'ARGY 
CRANSTOUN,* 

SECOND  WIFE   OF  PROFESSOR  DUGALD   STEWART. 

(Early  reference  to  Sir  Walter  Scott.) 
Miss  Cranstoun  is  known  to  the  lovers  of  Scot- 
tish minstrelsy  as  the  authoress  of  a  song — "  The 
tears  I  shed  must  ever  fall,"  which  Robert  Burns 
denominated  "  a  song  of  genius ;"  and  to  which, 
in  order  to  suit  it  for  the  music  to  which  it  was 
set  in  Johnson's  Scotish  Musical  Museum,  he  did 
not  disdain  to  add  a  verse.  Among  the  additional 

*  Notices  of  the  different  members  of  the  Cranstoun 
family  will  be  found  in  Anderson's  Scottish  Nation,  pub- 
lished by  Fullarton  &  Co.  This  admirable  Biographical 
Dictionary— with  the  fate  that  seems  to  attend  books  issued 
by  those  termed  by  the  trade  "Number  Publishers"— 
is  fcr  too  little  known  to  those  best  qualified  to  enjoy  its 
delicious  stores.  It  embraces,  under  one  alphabet,  and  in 
the  compass  of  three  imperial  8vo  volumes,  a  very  full 
and  accurate  Scottish  biography,  a  history  of  Scottish 
surnames,  titles,  and  baronies,  and  the  best  substitute 
that  has  yet  appeared  for  that  great  desideratum  —  a 
Bibliotheca  Scotica.  The  author  was  for  some  time  sub- 
editor of  The  Witness  newspaper,  under  Hugh  Miller, 
who  reviewed  in  its  columns  the  first  edition  of  the  dic- 
tionary, a  thick  12mo,  giving  it  high  praise,  and  men- 
tioning one  characteristic  which  every  lover  of  literary 
history  knows  how  to  value — that  he  had  found  in  it 
many  names  he  had  sought  for  elsewhere  in  vain.  In 
the  same  review,  he  stamped  with  his  decisive  approval 
a  volume  of  poems,  entitled  Landscape  Lyrics,  which 
Mr.  Anderson  had  previously  published. 


notes  to  the  last  edition  of  the  Museum  (Edin- 
burgh, 1839),  there  appeared  for  the  first  time  a 
copy  of  verses  by  Miss  Cranstoun,  beginning — 
"  Returning  Spring,  with  gladsome  ray."  These, 
so  far  as  I  am  aware,  are  the  only  productions  of 
her  pen  which  have  been  published. 

In  an  album  which  belonged  to  the  family  of 
a  baronet  in  the  Carse  of  Gowrie,  and  which 
came  into  my  possession  lately  when  his  library 
was  dispersed,  I  find — amid  a  melange  of  original 
verses  which  passed  between  various  members  or 
connections  of  the  family,  with  dates  appended 
ranging  from  1771  to  1792  —  eight  pieces  "By  a 
young  lady  ; "  who  is  identified,  apart  from  inter- 
nal evidence,  with  Miss  Cranstoun  by  the  occur- 
rence among  them  of  both  the  poems  above  men- 
tioned. The  titles  of  the  other  six  are  as  follow : 
1.  "Vow  for  Wealth."  2.  Without  a  title,  but 
with  this  note  at  the  beginning,  in  pencil :  "  On 
L — n — n,  composed  in  an  hour,  and  written  down 
by  a  friend."  3.  "  A  Prayer."  4.  Without  a  title. 
5.  "A  Fragment,  or,  Verses  to  Winter."  6.  Also 
without  a  title. 

We  give  below  the  first  three.  No  reader  of 
Lockhart's  Life  of  Sir  Walter  Scott  can  ever 
forget  his  intimacy  with  the  Cranstoun  family ; 
nor  the  influence  of  Jane  Anne,  the  second  of  its 
three  daughters,  in  promoting  his  earliest  at- 
tempts in  verse.  There  is  something  very  inter- 
esting and  suggestive  in  the  kind  of  reference  to 
Scott  in  the  third  of  the  poems,  now  printed.  It 
seems  to  mark  him  out  from  all  the  other  gentle- 
men named,  as  of  a  more  thoughtful  cast  of  mind. 
"  Boyle,"  I  should  think  there  is  little  room  to 
doubt,  must  have  been  David  Boyle,  Esq.,  ulti- 
mately Lord- Justice-General  of  Scotland ;  and  as 
little  that  "Gray"  was  Francis,  fifteenth  Lord 
Gray,  born  in  1765. 

The  other  allusions  I  must  leave  it  to  J.  M.,  of 
this  city,  whose  contributions  to  "  N.  &  Q."  are 
so  valuable  and  interesting,  to  explain. 

1.  "  VOW  FOR  WEALTH. 

"  Far,  far  remote  from  busy  life, 
From  giddy  mirth,  or  hateful  strife, 
How  sweet,  in  pensive  mood,  to  muse 
While  softly  fall  the  evening  dews ! 
How  sweet,  while  all  arouud  is  calm, 
To  pour  on  care  oblivion's  balm ; 
To  hush  the  throbbing  heart  to  rest, 
And  court  fond  hope  to  fill  the  breast ! 
Say, — in  this  soft  romantic  scene, 
Where  all  is  soothing  and  serene, 
What  eager  wish  yet  fondly  springs 
On  glad  Imagination's  wings  ? 
It  is  not  Friendship,  gift  divine, 
Thanks  to  kind  Heaven,  that  gift  is  mine. 
It  is  not  Love — I  scorn  his  chains, 
I  scorn  alike  his  joys  and  pains. 
Grateful,  I  feel  it  is  not  Health, 
And  blushing  own,  that  wish  is — Wealth. 
And  yet  the  mean,  the  sordid  sigh, 
Look  round  with  cool  impartial  eye ; 


148 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3^  S.  V.  FEB.  20,  '64. 


Though  riches  never  can  bestow 
Such  joys  as  peace  and  virtue  know, 
Yet,  cannot  poverty  disclose 
An  awful  train  of  blackest  woes? 
Genius  depress'd,  and  worth  obscur'd, 
Pleasure  forbid,  and  care  ensured ; 
And  mean  dependence,  painful  state, 
Obliged  perhaps  to  those  we  hate ; 
While  those  we  love,  around  us  sigh 
In  unassisted  misery. 
Think  on  the  helpless,  wretched  maid, 
Unblest  by  fortune's  pow'rful  aid ; 
Perhaps,  the  youth  whom  she  approves 
With  virtue  glows,  with  fervour  loves : 
In  vain — for  honour  bids  her  fly, 
Nor  give  herself — and  poverty ! 
Or  grant  that  Heaven's  less  harsh  decree 
Still  gracious,  gives  a  heart  that's  free ; 
Yet,  should  some  sordid,  wealthy  fool, 
Or  passion's  slave,  or  vice's  tool, 
But  decked  in  fortune's  gay  parade, 
Admire,  and  woo  the  luckless  maid — 
Think  on  the  pangs  her  bosom  tear, 
Her  agitation,  doubt,  despair, 
While  parents,  brothers,  sisters,  Mrait, 
Her  choice  may  fix  their  future  fate. 

And  shall  she  deem  the  task  severe, 

That  rescues  all  her  heart  holds  dear ! 
Tis  not  the  frown  of  stern  control, 
That  deepest  wounds  the  feeling  soul : 

The  fault'ring  voice,  the  speaking  eye, 
The  sigh  of  fond  anxiety : 

These — these,  in  mercy,  Heav'n  avert, 

And  snatch  from  woe  a  bursting  heart, 

All-pow'rfull  wealth,  my  prayer  regard, 

And  deign  thy  vot'ry  to  reward. 

Yet,  tho'  thy  influence  I  adore, 

Small  is  the  bounty  I  implore. 

Unheeded  shall  thy  treasure  shine, 

Oh !  make  but  independence  mine. 

Enough  in  ease  my  days  to  spend, 

Or,  sweeter  still,  to  bless  a  friend. 

'Tis  all  I  ask,  for  all  thy  store 

Can  never  add  a  blessing  more. 

But  may  it  never  be  the  price 

Of  slav'ry,  meanness,  or  of  vice. 

Nor  e'er  my  soul  the  anguish  mourn, 

To  owe  it  to  a  hand  I  scorn." 

2.  "ON  L— x— N. 

"  Oh !  say,  thou  blest  abode  of  calm  content, 
Where  my  first  happiest  years  of  life  were  spent, 
Where  joy,  unmixt  with  care,  my  bosom  knew, 
And  wing'd  with  innocence  my  moments  flew : 
Where  all  my  little  scenes  of  bliss  were  laid, 
And  all  my  youthful  fondest  friendships  made : 
Oh !  say,  when  I  those  happy  hours  review, 
Can  I,  unmov'd,  pronounce  a  last  adieu  ? 
Can  I  for  ever  from  thy  shades  depart, 
Nor  feel  deep  anguish  rend  my  bleeding  heart  ? 
What,  tho'  nor  Art  nor  Nature  deigns  to  smile, 
Bleak  are  thy  hills,  and  barren  is  thy  soil ; 
What,  tho'  no  ancient  grandeur  charms  the  sight, 
Nor  soft  romantic  vales  inspire  delight ; 
Yet  sweet  simplicity  is  surely  thine, 
And  strong  attachment  paints  thee  all  divine 
But  since  the  Will  of  Heaven  we  must  obey,  ' 
And  inclination  yield  to  duty's  sway; 
Since  vain  is  passion,  sorrow,  or  regret, 
f  oppose  the  law  of  reason,  fortune,  fate ; 
Let  me,  with  firmness,  hide  the  pangs  I  feel, 
And  calmly  bear  the  woes  I  cannot  heal. 


Not  on  the  place  depends  our  joy  or  rest, 
Our  happiness  must  flow  from  our  own  breast. 
Guilt  and  disquiet  make  the  palace  sad, 
Content  and  innocence  the  cottage  glad. 
But  yet,  whene'er  before  my  faithful  eye?, 
Fancy  shall  make  thy  much  lov'd  image  rise, 
The  well-known  sight  must  to  my  soul  be  dear, 
Come  with  a  sigh,  nor  part  without  a  tear. 
And  when  propitious  Heaven  the  bliss  bestows, 
To  see  again  this  seat  of  calm  repose, 
Charmed  with  the  view  my  soul  in  joy  will  melt, 
Recall  each  scene  of  bliss  I  saw,  and  felt, 
And  hail  the  spot  where  peace  and  I  have  dwelt." 

3.   "  A  PRAYER. 

"  I  ask  not  titles,  wealth,  or  pow'r, 
A  Gascoigne's  face,  or  lDultney's  dow'r ; 
I  ask  not  wit,  nor  even  sense, 
I  scorn  content,  and  innocence. 
The  gift  I  ask  can  these  forestall— 
It  adds,  improves,  implies  them  all. 
Then  good  or  bad,  or,  right  or  wrong, 
Grant  me,  ye  Gods,  to  be  the  ton. 
My  Heavens !  what  joys  would  then  be  mine ; 
How  bright,  how  charming,  would  I  shine ! 
How  chang'd  from  all  I  was  before ; 
With  friends  and  lovers  by  the  score ! 
No  more  the  object  of  disdain, 
Ev'n  Clara  then  would  grace  my  train, 
Hang  on  my  arm  from  morn  to  night, 
Her  dearest  friend,  her  sole  delight. 
Torphichen  at  my  feet  might  sigh, 
Scott  might  approve,  and  Maxwell  die ; 
While  I  degagee,  cool,  and  gay, 
Whisper  with  Boyle,  and  dance  with  Gray. 
Tell  not  to  me,  when  age  draws  nigh, 
That  frolic,  feathers,  whims,  should  fly.    .»  -A 
Poor  vulgar  wretches !  not  to  know, 
That  ev'ry  year  we  younger  grow ; 
Or,  what  is  much  upon  a  par, 
We  dance  and  frisk  as  if  we  were ; 
Of  true  philosophy  possess'd, 
No  care,  no  pity,  breaks  our  rest ; 
Thoughtless  we  flutter  life  along, 
And  die  content— if  it's  the  ton." 

J.  D, 
Edinburgh. 


TOM  OR  JOHN  DRUM'S  ENTERTAINMENT. 

"A  kind  of  proverbial  expression  for  ill-treatment, 
probably  alluding  originally  to  some  particular  anecdote. 
Most  of  the  allusions  seem  to  point  to  the  dismissing  of 
some  unwelcome  guest  with  more  or  less  of  ignominy  and 
insult."  (Nares's  Glossary.") 

In  all  probability  the  phrase  originated  in  a 
reference  to  that  military  punishment  for  dis- 
graceful crimes  and  incorrigible  offenders  still 
commonly  known  as  "  drumming  out  of  the  ser- 
vice," and,  like  various  other  military  phrases,  it 
probably  became  current  in  England  during  the 
Low  Country  Wars.  The  description  of  the  cere- 
mony, as  given  in  Grose's  Military  Antiquities, 
agrees  in  all  essentials  with  that  now  or  until 
very  lately  practised  :  — 

The  corporal  punishment  commonly  accompanying  this 
sentence  being  over,  and  the  regiment  turned  out  with  or 
without  arms  [it  having  also  witnessed  the  flogging] 


3^  s.  V.  FEB.  20,  '64.] 


NOTES  A'ND  QUERIES. 


149 


the  prisoner  is  brought  to  the  right  of  it  under  an  escort 
of  a  corporal  and  six  men  with  bayonets  fixed  [and  the 
regimental  facings  and  buttons  having  been  cut  off  his 
coat,  and  the  coat  itself  turned  inside  out],  the  halter  is 
then  put  round  his  neck,  and  frequently  a  label  on  his 
back  signifying  his  crime  [though  this  last  practice  has 
now  fallen*  into  disuse] ;  a  drummer  [generally  the 
smallest  in  the  regiment],  then  takes  hold  of  the  end  of 
the  rope,  and  leads  him  along  the  front,  the  drums  fol- 
lowing and  beating  the  Rogue's  March.  When  they 
have  passed  to  the  left,  the  procession  moves  to  the  rear, 
if  in  camp,  or  if  in  quarters,  to  the  end  of  the  town  [or  if 
in  enclosed  quarters  or  barracks,  to  the  gate],  where  [he 
is  thrust  out  and]  the  drummer,  giving  him  a  kick  on 
the  breech,  dismisses  him  with  the  halter  for  his  per- 
quisite." (Vol.  ii.  p.  110,  ed.  1801.) 

At  an  earlier  period  (the  halter  being  a  relic  of 
this),  the  flogging  and  dismissal  were  performed 
by  the  hangman  instead  of  by  a  drummer ;  but 
though  I  have  not  found  any  earlier  description 
than  Grose's,  the  form  was  probably  in  other 
respects  very  similar,  since  it  explains  several  of 
the  old  allusions.  Thus  the  recipient,  whether 
Parolles  or  any  other,  was  called  Tom  Drum, 
because,  like  the  drum  that  formed  so  noisy  and 
demonstrative  a  part  in  the  entertainment,  he 
was  well  beaten.  So  also  the  flogging  seems  to 
be  alluded  to  inNares's  quotation— "  it  shall  have 
Tom  Drum's  entertainment,  a  flap  with  a  foxtail." 
Again,  in  the  quotation  from  Holinshed,  where 
the  entertainment  given  is  said  to  be,  "  to  hale  a 
man  in  by  the  head  and  thrust  him  out  by  both 
the  shoulders," — we  have  allusions  both  to  the 
halter  and  the  expulsion.  As  usual,  Shake- 
speare's uses  of  the  phrase  in  All's  Well  is  both 
quibbling  and  pertinent  to  man  and  matter. 
Parolles  was  drummed  out  for  cowardice  and  dis- 
graceful conduct,  and  with  poetical  justice,  the 
drum  which  he  so  loudly  boasted  he  would  re- 
cover, called  the  world  to  witness  his  disgrace, 
and  was  remembered  in  his  nickname. 

BRINSLEY  NICHOLSON. 

P.S.  I  am  aware  of  the  quotation  from  Florio, 
"  a  flap  with  a  fox-taile,  a  jest,"  but  in  the  pas- 
sage from  "  Apollo  Shroving,"  there  is  probably 
a  double  allusion,  in  part  to  the  flogging  and  in 
part  to  the  jests  so  freely  broken  upon  the  drum- 
mer's victim. 


DONA  MARIA  DE  PADILLA. 

In  the  war  of  the  Comuneros,  in  the  early  part 
of  the  reign  of  Charles  V.,  the  two  most  remark- 
able personages  —  who  were  the  soul  and  life  of 
the  Rebellion  —  were  certainly  Juan  de  Padilla 
:vnd  his  wife,  Maria  de  Padilla,  whose  maiden 
name  was  Pacheco. 

Respecting  the  husband,  we  know  sufficient  to 
enable  us  to  form  a  high  idea  of  his  courage  and 
zeal,  and  of  the  noble  resignation  with  which  he 
met  death  on  the  scaffold  at  Tordesillas,  imme- 
diately after  the  defeat  of  his  forces  on  the  plains 


of  Villalar,  by  the  Conde  de  Haro.*  The  insur- 
rection had  certainly  some  just  grounds  of  com- 
plaint against  Charles  and  the  foreigners,  by  whom 
his  majesty  was  influenced  for  some  years.  It  is 
related  that  when  Juan  de  Padilla  was  led  to  ex- 
ecution, together  with  another  prisoner  named 
Don  Juan  Bravo,  the  latter  requested  the  execu- 
tioner to  decapitate  him  first,  "  in  order  that  I 
may  not  see  the  best  Cavalier  in  Castile  put  to 
death."  On  hearing  which  words,  Padilla  ex- 
claimed :  "  Juan  Bravo,  heed  not  such  a  trifle ; 
yesterday  it  became  us  to  fight  like  gentlemen ; 
but  to-day  it  is  our  duty  to  die  like  Christians." 
(Robertson's  Hist,  of  the  Emperor  Charles  V. 
vol.  ii.  p.  256,  ed.  London,  1774.) 

But  some  strange  and  contradictory  accounts 
are  related  of  his  wife,  Maria  de  Padilla,  daughter 
of  the  Marquis  de  Mondejar.  She  seems  to  have 
been  a  lady  of  remarkable  beauty,  courage,  and 
wit.  After  the  defeat  and  death  of  her  husband, 
she  hastened  to  Toledo,  of  which  city  she  was  a 
native,  and  called  both  upon  the  clergy  and  people 
not  to  lay  down  their  arms  until  they  had  secured 
the  "  Liberties  "  for  which  her  husband  fought 
and  died.  She  also  sent  numerous  letters  to  the 
Commons  of  Castile,  exhorting  them  "  to  take  up 
their  arms  which  they  had  so  dishonourably  laid 
down  ;  and  moreover,  that  if  they  did  not  take  ad- 
vantage of  this  favourable  opportunity,  it  would 
bring  upon  them  eternal  infamy,  and  that  they 
woufd  remain  slaves  for  ever,"  &c. 

As  Toledo  was  almost  impregnable,  and  its 
citizens  —  animated  by  the  example  of  Padilla  — 
were  determined  to  hold  out  to  the  very  last 
extremity,  the  Marquis  of  Villena  endeavoured 
to  succeed  by  negotiation:  accordingly,  he  sent 
Padilla's  brother  to  have  an  interview  with  her, 
and  to  try  and  induce  his  sister,  either  to  leave 
Toledo,  or  to  persuade  the  citizens  to  come  to 
terms.  But  she  refused,  declaring  —  J*  That  as 
she  had  no  wish  to  outlive  the  liberties  of  her 
country,  so,  had  she  a  thousand  lives,  she  would 
rather  lose  them  all,  than  receive  any  favours 
from  the  traitors  of  her  country." 

When  the  news,  however,  came  that  William 
de  Croy,  the  young  Flemish  Archbishop  of  Toledo, 
was  dead,  and  that  Don  Antonio  de  Fonseca,  a 
Caslilian,  was  nominated  by  Charles  to  succeed 
him,  the,  people  then  turned  against  her,  having 
been  persuaded  to  do  so  (it  is  said)  by  the  clergy 
of  the  city,  who  spread  the  following  reports 
about  her,  viz.  "  That  she  was  a  witch ;  that  she 
was  attended  by  a  familiar  demon  in  the  form  of 
a  negro  -maid,  who  regulated  all  her  movements ; 
others,  again,  asserted  "  that  the  maid  was  not  a 
woman,  but  an  imp  of  hell,  who  furnished  her 


*  The  Bishop  of  Zamora,  Don  Antonio  de  Acuna,  was 
executed  at  Simancas,  by  order  of  Charles  V.,  having 
been  connected  with  the  Rebellion. 


150 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3*d  S.  V.  FEB.  20,  '64. 


with  charms  to  fascinate  people  into  a  veneratio 
for  her." 

Antonio  Guevara,  in  one  of  his  "  Familiar  Let 
ters,"  thus  addresses  her  :  — 

"  People  likewise  say  of  you,  Madam,  that  you  hav 
about  you  a  tawny  and  frantic  slave  —  a  female  who  is 
great  Sorceress  ;   and  they  say  she  has  affirmed,  tha 
within  a  few  days  you  shall  be  called  '  High  and  Mighty 
Lady,'  &c."    (Quoted  by  Mr.  Borrow  in  his  Zincali  ;  or 
Account  of  the  Gypsies  of  Spain,  vol.  i.  p.  98,  London 

This  writer,  in  the  work  quoted  above  (p.  100) 
thus  speaks  of  Maria  de  Padilla  :  — 

"  She  lived  in  Gypsy  times,  and  we  have  little  hesita 
tion  in  believing  that  she  was  connected  with  this  race 
fatally  for  herself:  her  slave!  —  'fora  y  loca,'  tawny  am 
frantic  —  what  epithets  can  be  found  more  applicable  to  a 
Gypsy,  more  descriptive  of  her  personal  appearance  and 
occasional  demeanour,  than  these  two  ?  —  And  then  again 
the  last  scene  in  the  life  of  Padilla  is  so  mysterious,  S( 
unaccountable,  unless  the  Gitanos  were  concerned;  anc 


they  were  unquestionably  flitting  about  the  eventful  stage 

at  that  period  .....  Perceiving 

either  to  surrender  or  to  see  Toledo  razed  to  the  ground, 


she  disguised  herself  in  the  dress  of  a  female  peasant,  or 
perhaps  that  of  a  Gypsy  ;  and  leading  her  son  by  the 
hand,  escaped  from  Toledo  one  stormy  night,  and  from 
that  moment  nothing  more  is  known  of  her.  The  sur- 
render of  the  town  followed  immediately  after  her  dis- 
appearance." (P.  101,  ut  supra.') 

I  believe  that  Mr.  Borrow  is  quite  mistaken 
about  the  negro-maid  having  been  a  "  Gypsy." 
He  quotes  no  authority  for  his  assertion,  but 
seems  very  glad  to  have  such  a  good  opportunity 
of  trying  to  connect  his  favourite  Zincali  with  the 
heroic  Maria  de  Padilla.  There  are  two  authori- 
ties quoted  by  Robertson,  viz.  the  Letters  of 
Peter  Martyr,  and  the  Hist,  of  Charles  V.  by 
Sandoval  *  :  these  writers  may  contain  some 
further  particulars,  but  unfortunately  I  cannot 
consult  them.  The^  tawny  frantic  slave,  called  a 
sorceress  by  Antonio  Guevara  in  one  of  his  let- 
ters addressed  to  Padilla  (Epistola  Familiares, 
Salamanca,  1578),  does  not  by  any  means  imply 
that  she  was  a  Gypsy  ;  besides,  he  merely  refers  to 
a  report—"  People  likewise  say  of  you,  Madam," 
&c.  The  fact  seems  to  be,  that  as  Padilla  was  a 
character  so  extraordinary,  and  had  such  won- 
derful influence  over  the  people  of  Toledo,  it  was 
but  natural  that  they  should  ascribe  this  influence 
to  some  occult  power,  or  believe  that  she  was 
herself  a  witch,  or  that  a  demon  under  the  form 
of  a  black  slave  regulated  all  her  actions.  Such 
things  were  said  of  the  Maid  of  Orleans,  of  Friar 
Bacon,  and  others,  in  an  age  when  men  were 
placed  in  a  state  of  society  so  different  from  our 
own. 

When  Padilla  escaped  from  Toledo,  she  fled  to 
Portugal,  where  she  remained  the  rest  of  her  life, 


He  was  Bishop  of  Pamplona.  The  first  part  of  his 
History  was  printed  in  folio,  at  Valladolid,  in  1604,  and 
the  second  part  in  1606.  It  has  since  been  reprinted  in 
-Barcelona. 


with  her  relations  of  the  noble  family  of  the 
Pachecos.  She  never  afterwards  applied  to  the 
Emperor,  or  any  of  his  ministers,  for  a  pardon.' 
(See  a  curious  tract  on  this  subject  by  Dr. 
Geddes,  in  his  Miscellaneous  Tracts,  vol.  i.  p.  203, 
London,  1730.)  Amongst  the  Egerton  MSS.  in  the 
British  Museum  (No.  303)  there  is  an  account, 
entitled  "  Relacion  de  las  Comunidades,"  and 
another  MS.  (No.  310),  entitled,  "  Tratado  de 
las  Communidades."  A  Spanish  writer,  named 
Martinez  de  la  Rosa,  has  also  published  a  sketch 
of  the  war  of  the  Castilian  Commons  under  the 
title  of  "  Bosquejo  de  la  Guerra  de  las  Comuni- 
dades." Don  Vicente  de  la  Fuente,  in  his  His- 
toria  Eclesiastica  de  Espana  (torn.  iii.  p.  56,  ed. 
Barcelona,  1855),  makes  the  following  few  remarks 
on  the  character  of  the  Castilians,  in  their  war 
against  the  Emperor's  foreigners :  — 

"  No  tuvo  la  Iglesia  de  Espana  que  agradecer  nada  a 
los  Comune'ros ;  y  antes  algunos  de  ellos  se  le  mostraron 
harto  desafectos,  apoderandose  de  sus  bienes,  y  despre- 
ciando  sus  preceptos." 

The  spot  where  the  Bishop  of  Zamora  was 
executed  is  still  pointed  out  to  the  visitor  at 
Simancas.*  The  Emperor  was  obliged  to  re- 
ceive absolution  from  the  Pope,  on  account  of  the 
death  of  the  Bishop  which  he  had  ordered. 

J.  DALTON. 

Norwich. 


BEAU  WILSON:  LAW  OF  LAURISTON. 

In  the  recent  romance  on  the  subject  of  "  Law 
of  Lauriston,"  publishing  monthly  in  Bentley's 
Miscellany,  although  the  writer  is  entitled  to  deal 
with  his  hero  in  any  way  he  chooses,  I  am  very 
much  inclined  to  think  that,  in  what  is  intended 
;o  be  a  historical  fiction,  it  would  have  been 
setter  to  have  kept  nearer  the  real  facts  than 
he  author  has  done.  Law  himself  was  not  the 
beauty  he  is  depicted ;  and  the  conversion  of  the 

§3ung,    handsome,    and   accomplished   bachelor, 
eau  Wilson,  into  an  old  married  roue,   is  far 
from  satisfactory :  for  all  readers,  excepting  those 
whose  historical  knowledge   is   confined  to  the 

iterature  of  circulating  libraries,  must  be  struck 
at  once  by  the  extraordinary  metamorphose. 
Wilson's  singular  rise  in  fashionable  life  has 

lever  been  explained,  and  perhaps  never  will  be. 

Che  account  of  him   in  Nichols's  Leicestershire 

vol.  iii.),  is  only  accurate  in  part.  There  is  a 
nost  extraordinary  pamphlet,  in  octavo,  pub- 

ished  after  his  demise,  which  gives  a  very  differ- 
ent representation  of  the  sources  from  whence 
lis  income  was  derived.  It  is  of  very  rare  oc- 

urrence,  and  is  entitled  :  — 


*  Thanks  to  the  liberality  of  the  Spanish  Government, 
lere  is  now  every  facility  given  to  scholars  who  wish 
onsult  the  documents  preserved  at  Simancas. 


3'i  S.  V.  FEB.  20,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


151 


"  Some  Letters  between  a  Certain  late  Nobleman  and  the 
famous  Mr.  Wilson ;  discovering  the  True  History  and 
Surprising  Grandeur  of  that  celebrated  Beau." 

It  is  printed  for  A.  Moore,  near  St.  Paul's. 
The  nobleman  is  said,  in  an  MS.  note  on  the  title, 
to  indicate  the  Earl  of  Sunderland. 

The  reputation  of  Moore  is  no  guarantee  for 
the  truth  of  what  he  published :  for  he  was  a 
dealer  in  scandal,  and  made  some  money,  it  is 
understood,  by  his  dealings  in  that  line.  The 
whole  thing  perhaps  arose  out  of  some  passing 
rumours,  which  had  no  real  foundation. 

In  the  Gentleman's  Journal  for  May,  1694, 
there  is  an  epitaph  by  one  Edmund  Killingworth, 
on  the  death  of  Wilson,  deficient  in  anything 
like  poatry.  In  a  commentary  on  a  passage  in 
one  of  Horace's  Odes,  in  the  same  work,  trans- 
lated by  J.  Phillips,  there  is  this  remark :  — 

"  We  have  had  a  late  instance  of  this  in  Mr.  Wilson, 
who,  without  any  visible  estate,  on  a  sudden  made  so 
great  a  figure,  and  who  probably  had  held  on  to  this 
day,  had  he  not  been  unfortunately  killed." 

Of  Law's  beauty,  some  idea  may  be  formed 
from  the  advertisement  for  his  apprehension  in 
the  London  Gazette,  January,  1694-5.  He  is 
described  as  "  Captain  J.  Law,  aged  twenty-six  : 
a  Scotsman,  lately  a  prisoner  in  the  Queen's 
Bench  for  murder.  A  black  lean  man,  about  six 
feet  high,  large  pocks  in  his  face,  big  high  nose, 
and  speech  broad  and  loud."  Fifty  pounds  was 
offered  for  his  apprehension.  J.  M. 


BOWYEB  HOUSE,  CAMBERWELL. — In  "N.  &  Q." 
(2nd  S.  xii.  183),  I  told  of  the  demolition  of  this 
old  mansion  house ;  and  I  have  now  only  to  add, 
-after  a  lapse  of  two  years  and  a  half,  that  since 
that  period  the  site  of  it  has  been  made  a  depot 
for  all  kinds  of  builders'  rubbish.  The  old  red 
bricks  (reserved  at  the  auction)  still  remain  on 
the  ground,  a  broken-down  wall  surrounds  the 
site  ;  no  entrance  gate,  but  a  patched-up  wooden 
erection,  gives  entrance  for  carts ;  and  on  the 
whole,  the  spot  upon  which  the  renowned  Bow- 
yers,  the  Lords  of  the  Manor  of  Camberwell, 
resided  for  centuries,  presents  one  of  the  most 
woeful  pictures  which  Our  modern  improvements 
bring  about.  T.  C.  N". 

THE  MODERN  MAGICIANS  OF  EGYPT.  — Every 
one  is  familiar  with  the  accounts  given  by  Lane 
and  other  travellers  in  Egypt,  of  the  magicians, 
especially  of  one  most  celebrated,  who  when  they 
undertake  to  produce  the  figure  of  any  person 
called  for,  invariably  employ  a  young  boy,  in  the 
palm  of  whose  hand  they  pour  ink,  to  serve  as  a 
mirror,  in  which  the  boy  is  to  see  the  images 
summoned  to  appear.  Reading  lately  in  St.  Ire- 
nseus,  I  was  surprised  to  find  mention  of  the  same 
practice  of  employing  boys,  as  customary  among 


;he  heretics  of  his  time,  who  attempted  to  work 
miracles  :  — 

"  Sed  et  si  aliquid  faciunt,  per  magicam  operati,  fraudu- 

enter  seducere  nituntur  insensatos:  fructum  quidem  et 
utilitatem  nullam  praestantes,  in  quos  virtutes  perficere  se 
dicunt  ;  adducentes  autem  pueros  investes  *,  et  oculos  delu- 
dentes  et  phantasmata  ostendentes  statim  cessantia,  et  ne 
quidem  stillicidio  temporis  perseverantia,  non  Jesu  Do- 
mino nostro,  sed  Simoni  mago  similes  ostenduntur." 

Adv.  Hares,  lib.  ii.  cap.  57.) 

F.  C.  H. 

RICHARD  CHANDLER,  COMPILER  OF  PARLIAMEN- 
TARY DEBATES.  —  Watt  has  the  following  article 
n  his  Bill  Brit.  :  — 

"CHANDLER.—  Debates  in  the  House  of  Lords  from 
1660  to  1741,  Lond.  1752,  8  vols.  40s.  Debates  in  the 
House  of  Commons  from  1660  to  1741,  Lond.  1752,  14 
vols.  120s." 

The  Bodleian  Catalogue  (iii.  48)  states  the 
compiler's  Christian  name  to  have  been  Richard. 

His  sad  fate  is  thus  related  in  the  Life  of  Mr. 
Thomas  Gent,  Printer  of  York,  written  ly  hint' 
self  (191,  192):  — 

'  About  the  13th  of  January,  1738,  Mr.  Alexander  Sta- 
ples was  quite  broken  up  by  Dr.  Burton,  and  not  long 
after  the  Messrs.  Caesar  Ward  and  Richard  Chandler  be- 
came possessors  of  his  printing  materials  ;  besides,  they 
carried  on  abundance  of  business  in  the  bookselling  way, 
having  bad  shops  at  London,  York,  and  Scarborough. 
The  latter  collected  divers  volumes  on  Parliamentary 
affairs,  and  by  the  run  they  seemed  to  take,  one  would 
have  imagined  that  he  would  have  ascended  to  the  apex 
of  his  desires  ;  but,  alas  !  his  thoughts  soared  too  high, 
and  sunk  his  fortunes  so  low  by  the  debts  he  had  con- 
tracted, that  rather  than  become  a  despicable  object  to 
the  world,  or  bear  the  miseries  of  a  prison,  he  put  a 
period  to  his  life  by  discharging  a  pistol  into  his  head, 
as  he  lay  reclined  o\i  his  bed.  As  I  knew  the  man  for- 
merly, I  was  very  sorry  to  hear  of  his  tragical  suicide  — 
an  action  that  for  a  while  seemed  to  obumbrate  the 
glories  of  Csesar,  who  found  such  a  deficiency  in  his  part- 
ners' accounts,  so  great  a  want  of  money,  and  such  a 
woful  sight  of  flowing  creditors,  that  made  him  succumb 
under  the  obligation  to  a  statute  of  bankruptcy  ;  during 
which  time  he  has  been  much  reflected  on  by  a  Scot,  who 
had  been  his  servant,  and  obnoxious  for  a  while  to  many 
persons,  who  were  not  thoroughly  acquainted  with  him. 
But  he  now  brightly  appears  again,  amidst  the  dissipat- 
ing clouds  of  distress,  in  the  publication  of  a  paper,  that 
transcends  those  of  his  contemporaries  as  much  as  the 
rising  sun  does  the  falling  stars." 

It  appears  from  Mr.  Timperley's  Encycl.  of 
Printing  that  Caesar  Ward  of  York,  was  a  bank- 
rupt in  1745;  and  it  was,  therefore,  probably  in 
that  year  that  his  partner  Richard  Chandler  de- 
stroyed himself.  S.  Y.  R. 

LORD  BALL  OF  BAGSHOT.  —  Reading  Coryat's 
Crudities,  1611,  1  come  upon  the  following  curious 
allusion  ;  which,  if  unknown,  may  be  interesting 
to  the  Hampshire  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  :  — 

"  This  custome  doth  carry  some  kinde  of  affinity  with 
certaine  sociable  ceremonies  that  wee  haue  in  a  place  of 
England,  which  are  performed  by  that  most  reuerend 


Id  est,  impollutos, 


Annot.  Grabe. 


152 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3^  S.  V.  FEB.  20,  '64. 


Lord  Ball  of  Bagshot,  in  Hamptshire ;  who  doth  with 
many,  and  indeed  more  solemne  rites  inuest  his  Brothers 
of  his  vnhallowed  Chappell  of  Basingstone  (as  all  our 
men  of  the  westerne  parts  of  England  do  know  by  deare 
experience  to  the  smart  of  their  purses)  then  these  merry 
Burgomaisters  of  Saint  Gewere  vse  to  doe." 

J.  O.  HALLIWELL. 

COMMON  LAW. — The  term  "  Common  Law  "  has 
lost  the  one  simple  and  grand  signification  which 
it  formerly  had.  Its  use  is  rendered  ambiguous 
in  consequence  of  the  various  ways  in  whieh^  it 
may  be  employed  according  to  the  objects  with 
which  it  is  contrasted.  It  is  found  in  the  follow- 
ing senses : — 

1.  As  the  lex  nonscripta  (i.  Black.  637)  ;  2.  As 
the  antithesis  of  equity  (Step.  Comm.  i.  81,  et 
seq.\  and  according  to  Wharton  (Law  Diet.  art. 
"Common  Law"),  as  the  antithesis  3.  of  the 
civil  and  canon  law,  and,  4.  of  the  lex  merca- 
toria. 

The  reason  assigned  by  Coke  (Co.  Litt.  142,  a.) 
for  the  first  meaning  is,  that  "it  is  the  best  and 
most  common  birthright  that  the  subject  hath  for 
the  safeguard  and  defence,  not  onely  of  his  goods, 
lands,  and  revenues,  but  of  his  wife  and  children, 
his  body,  fame,  and  life  also." 

Stephen  says  (Comm.  i.  82),  that  the  words  in 
my  first  and  second  meaning  indicate  that  which  is 
more  ancient  as  opposed  to  that  which  is  less  so, 
the  statute  being  of  modern  creation  when  com- 
pared with  that  which  is  of  immemorial  antiquity, 
and  equity  being  of  considerable  later  birth  than 
some  of  the  earlier  parts  of  the  statute  law. 

May  not  the  term  in  its  primary  signification 
rather  derive  its  force  from  the  fact  that  it  repre- 
sents the  general  customs  or  maxims  commonly 
employed  in  the  administration  of  justice  through- 
out the  nation  ?  What,  lastly,  is  the  connection 
between  the  term,  and  my  2nd,  3rd,  and  4th  mean- 


ings 


WYNNE  E.  BAXTER. 


Otter  utf. 


THOMAS  HOLDER:  CAPTAIN  TOBIE  HOLDER. 
Thomas  Holder  was  a  very  active  agent  of  the 
royal  party  during  the  civil  war,  and  appears  to 
have  been  repeatedly  the  medium  of  communica- 
tion between  Charles  I.  and  his  devoted  adherents, 
Anne  Lady  Savile  and  Sir  Marmaduke  Lang- 
dale  (afterwards  Lord  Langdale).  On  the  very 
day  the  latter  was  overthrown  in  Lancashire  by 
Cromwell  (Aug.  17,  1648),  Thomas  Holder  was 
seized  by  some  of  Skippon's  soldiers  near  the 
Exchange  in  London.  He  was  for  some  time  con- 
fined in  Petre  House  in  Aldersgate.  In  October, 
Windsor  Castle  is  named  as  the  place  of  his  cap- 
tivity. Subsequently  he  was  imprisoned  in  or 
near  Whitehall,  and  made  his  escape  from  a 
house  of  office  near  the  river  on  the  day  fol- 
lowing the  king's  decapitation. 


At  a  later  date,  Prince  Rupert  had  a  secretary, 
whose  name  was  Holder,  and  who  appears  to 
have  been  a  Roman  Catholic,  but  it  is  uncertain 
whether  Thomas  Holder  were  the  man.  The 
compiler  of  the  Index  to  the  third  volume  of  the 
Clarendon  State  Papers,  calls  Rupert's  secretary 
William  Holder,  although  I  can  find  no  authority 
whatever  for  so  designating  him. 

Thomas  Holder  and  Benjamin  Johnson  gave  a 
certificate,  dated  St.  Sebastian,  April  4,  1660,  as 
to  the  services  at  sea  of  one  John  Synnott,  and 
on  May  11,  1661,  Thomas  Holder  certified  as  to 
the  assistance  he  had  received  from  Sir  Thomas 
Prestwich  and  Clement  Spelman  in  negotiating 
the  late  king's  transactions  in  1648  with  Lord 
Langdale  to  bring  in  the  English  of  the  king's 
party  to  join  with  the  Scotch.  In  1661  he  also 
occurs  as  governor  of  the  African  company,  and 
in  1663  as  its  treasurer.  In  or  about  1671,  when 
he  is  termed  auditor-general  to  the  Duke  of  York, 
he  made  a  communication  on  the  subject  of  his 
negotiations  with  Charles  I.,  Lady  Savile,  Sirr 
Marmaduke  Langdale,  and  John  Barwick,  to  the 
brother  and  biographer  of  the  latter. 

The  late  Mr.  Eliot  Warburton,  in  that  un- 
methodical and  almost  useless  compilation  which 
he  was  pleased  to  term  "  Index  and  Abstract  of 
Correspondence  "  appended  to  the  first  volume  of 
his  Memoirs  of  Prince  Eupert  and  the  Cavaliers 
(pp.  536,  537),  abstracts  eight  letters  to  Prince 
Rupert  from  Job  Holder,  in  1650.  They  are 
dated  Heidelberg,  July  25  ;  Aug.  1,  8,  26  ;  Sept,  1, 
Oct.  7,  14 ;  and  Paris,  Dec.  3. 

In  Mr.  Warbur ton's  "Chronological Catalogue" 
(which  is  even  more  absurd  and  unsatisfactory 
than  his  Index  and  Abstract),  I  find  mention  of 
the  following  letters  to  Prince  Rupert  from  Holder 
(no  Christian  name  given)  :  Paris,  Dec.  3,  1653  ; 
Heidelberg,  July  25;  August  1,  8,  26;  Sept.  1, 
Oct.  7, 14;  Nov.  20,  1654. 

Mrs.  Green  thus  abstracts  two  documents  in 
the  State  Paper  Office  :  — 

"1660.  July  14.  [Whitehall.]  Petition  of  Tobie  Holder 
to  the  King,  for  the  Registrarship  in  Causes  of  Instance 
and  Ex  Officio  under  the  Chancellor  of  the  Archbishop 
of  York,  or  for  some  other  place.  Has  served  through 
the  War,  in  Lord  Langdale's  affair,  at  Brest,  under  Prince 
Rupert,  &c.,  and  has  now  only  debts  left.  With  refer- 
ence thereon  to  the  Bishops  of  Ely  and  Salisbury."— 
Gal  Dvm.  State  Papers,  C.  II.  i-  119. 

"  1660  ?  Account  of  the  services  done  by  Capt.  Tub. 
Holder  during  the  Civil  Wars,  as  an  officer,  as  secretary 
to  Lord  Langdale  in  Scotland,  as  serving  under  Prince 
Rupert,  and  then  as  messenger,  for  which  the  King  pro- 
mised him  a  kindness  when  he  was  restored." — Ibid,  458. 

Now,  I  suspect  that  Capt.  Tobie  Holder  is  the 
person  whom  Warburton  calls  Job  Holder,  for 
Tub.  might  be  easily  misread  as  Job,  and  in  one 
of  the  letters  which  Mr.  Warburton  has  abstracted 
is  an  allusion  to,  a  letter  which  the  writer  had 
received  from  Sir  Marmaduke  Langdale. 


3*d  S.  V.  FEB.  20,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


153 


Additional  information   about  either    Thomas 
Holder  or  Capt.  Tobie  Holder  is  much  desired. 

S.  Y.  R. 


ALLEGED  PLAGIARISM.— The  Rev.  Richard  Jago, 
M.A.,  published  a  volume  of  pleasing  poems,  chiefly 
written  about  the  middle  of  the  last  century, 
which  Chalmers  has  reproduced  in  his  Works  of 
the  English  Poets,  vol.  xvii.  Mr.  Jago,  in  the 
work  alluded  to,  has  an  elegy  entitled  "The 
Blackbirds,"  which  no  sooner  appeared  than  the 
manager  of  the  Bath  Theatre  claimed  it  as  having 
been  written  by  him.  This  impertinent  assump- 
tion gave  rise  to  a  controversy  with  much  excite- 
ment in  Bath.  Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  so 
far  enlighten  me  as  to  give  me  a  reference  to  par- 
ticulars of  this  dispute  ?  2. 

CROWE  FIELD.  —  In  a  paper  dated  June,  1642, 
mention  is  made  of  a  "  conduit  near  Crowe 
Field,"  in  the  parish  of  St.  Martin's-in-the-Fields. 
In  what  part  of  the  parish  was  Crowe  Field  ? 

F.  S.  MERRYWEATHER. 

CUSTOMS  IN  SCOTLAND.  —  In  the  Memoirs  of 
Lord  Langdale,  Bentley,  1852, 1  find  the  following 
passage  (vol.  i.  p.  55)  :  — 

"Being  in  Scotland,  I  ought  to  tell  you  of  Scotch 
customs ;  and  really  they  have  a  charming  one  on  this 
occasion,  as  you  will  say  (he  is  writing  of  the  first  day 
of  the  New  Year).  Whether  it  is  meant  as  a  farewell 
ceremony  to  the  old  one,  or  an  introduction  to  the  New 
Year,  I  can't  tell;  but  on  the  31st  of  December,  almost 
everybody  have  either  parties  to  dine  or  sup.  The  com- 
pany, almost  entirely  consisting  of  young  people,  wait 
together  till  twelve  o'clock  strikes,  at  which  time  every 
one  begins  to  move,  and  they  all  fall  to  work — at  what  ? 
Why,  kissing.  Each  male  is  successively  locked  in  pure 
Platonic  embrace  with  each  female ;  and  after  this  grand 
ceremony,  which,  of  course,  creates  infinite  fun,  they 
separate  and  go  home.  This  matter  is  not  at  all  confine'd 
to  these,  but  wherever  man  meets  woman,  it  is  the  par- 
ticular privilege  of  this  hour.  The  common  people  think 
it  necessary  to  drink  what  they  call  hot  pint,  which  con- 
sists of  strong  beer,  whiskey,  eggs,  &c., — a  most  horrid 
composition ;  as  bad,  or  worse,  as  that  infamous  mixture 
called  fig-one,  which  the  English  people  drink  on  Good 
Friday. 

"  Give  a  conjecture  about  the  origin  of  this  folly." 

The  letter  from  which  this  is  an  extract  is 
signed  Henry  Bickersteth,  and  dated  Edinburgh, 
Jan.  1st,  1802. 

I  do  not  know  that  the  question  he  asks  as  to 
"  the  origin  of  this  folly  "  has  ever  been  answered  ; 
and  I  have  doubts,  knowing  something  of  Scot- 
land, whether  this  custom  was  universal  or  even 
general.  I  am  curious  to  ascertain  whether  it 
has  prevailed,  and  also  what  is  the  composition  of 
fg-vnp,  and  among  what  portion  of  the  English 
people  it  may  have  been  used.  It  is  entirely  new 
to  me.  Was  it  not  the  slang  term  for  some 
abomination  in  the  shape  of  mixed  alcoholic  li- 
quors, known  only  to  the  students  of  the  law, 


when  Lord  Langdale  was  himself  a  student,  and 
entitled  to  subscribe  himself,  as  in  the  letter  from 
which  I  have  quoted,  Henry  Bickersteth  f 

T.  B. 

DIGBY  MOTTO.  —  On  the  tomb  of  Kenelm 
Digby  at  Stoke  Dry  Church,  Rutland,  is  his  coat 
of  arms,  and  this  motto  (1591)  — "  None  but 
one  (nul  que  unt)"  Can  you  suggest  any  solu- 
tion, as  I  have  never  heard  it  explained? 

PHILIP  AUBREY  AUDLBY. 

ENIGMA. — Are  there  any  naturalists  among  the 
readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  that  can  solve  the  following 
enigma?  — 

"  Quinque  sumus  fratres,  sub  eodem  tempore  nati, 
Bini  barbati,  sine  crine  creati, 
Quint  us  habet  barbam,  sed  tamen  dimidiatara." 

A  WYKEHAMIST. 

GAELIC  MANUSCRIPT.  —  Can  any  reader  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  furnish  information  as  to  the  present 
place  of  deposit  of  the  MS.  here  described  ?  I 
quote  from  the  Dean  of  Lismore's  book  edited  by 
Rev.  Thomas  M'Lauchlan  and  William  F.  Skene, 
Esq.,  p.  xlii. :  — 

"  Mr.  Donald  Macintosh,  the  Keeper  of  the  Highland 
Society's  MSS.,  in  his  list  of  MSS.  then  existing  in  Scot- 
land in  1806,  mentions  that  '  Mr.  Matheson,  of  Fernaig, 
had  a  paper  MS.  written  in  the  Roman  character,  and  in 
an  orthography  like  that  of  the  Dean  of  Lismore,  con- 
taining songs  and  hymns,  some  by  Bishop  Careswell.' 
This  MS.  has  not  been  recovered." 

K.  P.  D.  E. 

GREEK  CUSTOM  AS  TO  HORSES. — In  the  early 
part  of  the  Clouds  of  Aristophanes  (line  32),  the 
youth  who  is  dreaming  of  horse-racing,  and  is 
talking  in  his  sleep,  cries  out :  — 

"  "ATTcr/e  rbv  'iiriruv  QaXiffas  ofaaSe." 

The  scholiast  tells  us  this  means,  "  Lead  home 
the  horse,  first  letting  him  roll  on  the  sand."  This 
custom  is  kept  up  in  Italy  to  the  present  day. 
I  have  often  seen  the  vetturini  take  the  harness 
off  after  a  long  journey,  and  the  horses  would 
directly  walk  down  to  the  seaside  and  roll 
in  the  sand  for  a  long  time,  and  seem  ^  to  enjoy 
it  thoroughly.  The  practice  was  said  to  be 
most  healthy  for  them,  particularly  to  keep  off 
renal  diseases.  I  mention  this,  first,  as  some 
doubt  has  been  thrown  on  the  meaning  of  the  pas- 
sage, which  does  not  certainly  commend  itself  to 
English  horsekeepers  at  first  sight ;  and  next,  to 
ask  if  it  be  in  use  anywhere  else  than  in  Southern 
Europe?  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

HERODOTUS. — In  an  article  on  the  Pyramids,  in 
the  September  number  of  Blachwood's  (p.  348,  b.), 
the  writer,  who  is  speaking  of  the  history  of 
Herodotus,  says  :  "  those  same  travels  were  hon- 
oured through  all  Greece  with  the  names  of  the 
Nine  Muses." 


154 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


V.  FEB.  20,  '64. 


It  seems  to  me  that  this  is  speaking  too  posi- 
tively of  a  matter  which  is,  at  least,  doubtful.  It 
is  certainly  not  in  accordance  with  the  views  of 
the  best  scholars.  Kenrick  says  :  — 

«  It  is  not  probable  that  it  (the  history)  had  originally 
either  a  general  title,  or  division  into  books;  the  present 
arrangement,  which  is  perhaps  the  work  of  the  Alexan- 
drian grammarians,  sometimes  interrupting  the  con- 
nexion of  the  particles.  See  the  close  of  the  seventh 
book,  and  the  commencement  of  the  eighth,  and  the 
close  of  the  eighth  and  commencement  of  the  ninth: 
where  ^v  and  8*  are  separated  from  each  other  .... 
From  Lucian  ("Herodotus  s.  Action"  4, 117,  ed.  Bip.) 
it  is  evident  that  the  name  of  the  Muses  was  commonly 
applied  to  the  books  of  the  history  in  his  time  (A.D.  IWJ 
.  .  .  The  ancient  critics  and  scholiasts  cite  them  by 
the  number."  —  The  Egypt  of  Herodotus,  London,  1841, 
p.  1-2. 

I  send  this,  not  in  any  spirit  of  fault-finding, 
but  with  the  hope  of  eliciting  further  discussion 
of  this  interesting  question.  Dahlmann,  I  believe, 
does  not  mention  it,  except  to  postpone  its  con- 
sideration (p.  27  of  Cox's  translation). 

J.  C.  LINDSAY. 

St.  Paul,  Minnesota. 

INCHGAW  :  RUFFOLCIA.  —  1.  By  what  name  is 
Ruffolcia,  a  castle  of  the  Bruces,  mentioned  in 
Rymer's  Fcedera,  now  known  ? 

2.  I  lately  observed  the  name  of  "  Inchgaw " 
given  to  a  barony  in  Fife  — "  The  Barony  and 
tower  of  Inchgaw."  Should  not  the  name  be 
Inchgaroe,  or  Gsarvie  f  (a  small  island  in  the  Frith 
of  Forth).  If  so,  how  came  that  island  to  be 
styled  a  barony  ?  S. 

INQUISITIONS  VERSUS  VISITATIONS.  —  Robert 
Lord  de  Lisle  of  Rougemont,  only  surviving  son 
of  John  Lord  de  Lisle,  one  of  the  founders  of  the 
Order  of  the  Garter,  and  his  wife  Elizabeth  de 
Ferrers,  is  represented  by  an  inquisition  as  having 
died  unmarried,  his  sister  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Wil- 
liam Lord  Aldeburgh  of  Harewood,  co.  York, 
being  his  sole  heir. 

According,  however,  to  a  pedigree  which  oc- 
curs in  the  Visitation  Book  of  Somersetshire, 
anno  1623,  he  had  a  sou  William  seated  at  Water- 
ferry,  co.  Oxon,  from  whom  a  lineal  descent  is 
given  down  to  George  Lisle  of  Compton  Dom- 
yille,  in  the  former  county.  Lord  de  Lisle  died 
in  the  year  1399  ;  his  sister  Elizabeth  inherited  all 
his  estates,  with  the  exception  of  eighty-six  knights' 
fees,  of  which  the  crown  was  in  possession  at  the 
time  of  his  death,  and  which  it  was  suffered  to  re- 
tain afterwards. 

These  circumstances  would  seem  to  indicate 
accuracy  as  to  the  Inquisition,  and  error  in  respect 
of  the  entry  in  the  Visitation  Book.  Is  the  dis- 
crepancy susceptible  of  any  other  interpretation  ? 

HlFPEUS. 

MARY"  MASTERS  published  a  volume  of  poetry 
under  the  title,  Poems  on  Several  Occasions,  8vo, 


London,  1733.  Who  was  this  lady  ?  And  where 
did  she  reside  ?  EDWARD  HAILSTONE. 

MARTIN. Can  you  refer  me  to  any  information 

respecting  the  family  of  Martin  of  Alresford  Hall, 
in  the  county  of  Essex  ?  P.  S.  C. 

MOORE.  —  Arms :  Arg.  6  lions  rampant  vert,  3, 
2,  and  1.  These  arms  are  upon  old  plate,  which 
formerly  belonged  to  Dr.  Mordecai  Moore,  who 
married  Deborah,  daughter  of  Thomas  Lloyd,  the 
first  Governor  of  Pennsylvania.  Can  the  family 
of  Dr.  Moore  be  identified  ?  ST.  T. 

A  TEW  QUERIES  WITH  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  :  — 
1.  Where  can  I  get  an  account  of  the  origin  of 
kissing  the  Pope's  toe  or  slipper  ? 

2.  Which  of  the  Latins  is  it  who  spoke  of  "our 
dying   often  in  the   death    of   our  friends    and 
children  "  ? 

3.  Who  is  the  cardinal  referred  to  in  the  fol- 
lowing? "As   that  proud   cardinal  in  Germany 
said,  *  I  confess  these  things  that  Luther  finds  fault 
with  are  naughty ;  but  shall  I  yield  to  a  base 
monk?'" 

4.  Who  is  the  bishop  spoken  of  here  ?     '  It  was 
a  worthy  work  of  that  reverend  bishop  that  set  out 
in  a  treatise  all  the  deliverances  that  have  been 
from  popish  conspiracies  from  the  beginning  of 
Queen  Elizabeth's  time  to  this  present"  (1639)  ? 

5.  Where  do  these  passages  occur  in  Augus- 
tine? (1)  Quisquis  domus  suce,  $rc.,  every  man  is  a 
stranger  in  his  own  house.      (2)  "When  there 
is  contention    between  brethren,   witnesses    are 
brought,  but  in  the  end  the  words  of  the  will  of 
the  dead  man  is  brought  forth,  and  these  deter- 
mine ;  so    .     .     .     ." 

6.  Who  is  "  the  chief  papist "  of  this  reference  ? 
"  One  of  them,  the  chief  of  them,  a  great  scholar, 
will  have  the  water  itself  [of  baptism]  to  be  ele- 
vated above  its  own  nature  to  confer  grace."     If 
Bellarmine,  where? 

7.  Which  "heathen "  is  it  who  says  ['The  prais- 
ing of  a  man's  self  is  burdensome  hearing  "  ? 

8.  Is  it  Bernard  who  says  "  There  is  a  child  of 
anger,  and  a  child  under  anger  "  ?     Where? 

9.  Cyprian  saith,  "Non  potest  seculum,"  &c., 
the  world  cannot  hurt  him  who  in  the  world  hath 
God  for  his  protector.     Where  ? 

10.  "  You  know  whose  ensign  it  is,  whose  motto ; 
Deus   noUscum    is  better  than  Sancta  Maria  f  " 
Whose  ? 

11.  "  Nihil  tarn  certum,  #-c.,  nothing  is  so  certain 
as  that  that  is  certain  after  doubting—".    Where  is 
this  to  be  found  ? 

Early  answers  will  very  much  oblige 

A  STUDENT. 

ROSARY. — The  institution  of  the  Rosary  is  gen- 
erally attributed  to  St.  Dominic  (b.  1170).  Some 
writers  have,  however,  attributed  it  to  Bede;  and 
some  have  given  to  its  institution  an  antiquity  as 


3'dS.V.  FBB.20,  !64] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


155 


early  as  the  time  of  St.  Benedict  (b.  480).  I  wish 
to  inquire,  through  the  medium  of  "  N.  &  Q.," 
whether  there  is  evidence  to  show  that  the  rosary 
was  in  use  previously  to  the  time  of  St.  Dominic? 
I  have  often  thought  that  the  beads,  which  are 
found  in  large  numbers  in  Anglo-Saxon  tumuli 
in  Kent  and  other  parts  of  England,  may  have 
been  used  for  religious  purposes,  and  perhaps  for 
rosaries ;  if  so,  it  would  help  to  decide  the  much- 
disputed  question  as  to  whether  the  interments 
were  Christian  or  Pagan. 

ALGERNON  BRENT. 

THE  SEA  OF  GLASS. — I  send  the  following 
beautiful  passage  from  the  Lyra  Apostolica  (12th 
edition,  p.  62),  and  should  much  like  to  know 
whether  the  idea  of  the  sea  before  the  throne  re- 
flecting events  on  earth  is  based  upon  Scripture, 
or  taken  from  any  ancient  Father  ?  — 

"  A  sea  before 

The  throne  is  spread :  its  pure  still  glass 
Pictures  all  earth  scenes  as  they  pass. 

We  on  its  shore, 
Share,  in  the  bosom  of  our  rest, 
God's  knowledge— and  are  blest !  " 
The  account  of  "  the  sea  of  glass,"  is  of  course 
taken  from  the  Apocalypse,  and  is'  a  part  of  the 
portion  of  Scripture  appointed  to  be  read  for  the 
Epistle  on  Trinity  Sunday  :  — 

"  And  before  the  throne  there  was  a  sea  of  glass  like 
unto  crystal." — Rev.  iv.  6. 

OXONTENSIS. 

SIR  JOHN  SALTER'S  TOMB  AND  THE  SALTERS' 
COMPANY.  —  The  following  curious  custom  de- 
serves enshrining  in  "  N.  &  Q."  : — 

"  The  beadles  and  servants  of  the  worshipful  Company 
of  Salters  are  to  attend  Divine  Service  at  St.  Magnus's 
Church,  London  Bridge,  pursuant  to  the  will  of  Sir 
John  Salter,  who  died  in  the  year  1605,  and  was  a  good 
benefactor  to  the  said  Company;  and  ordered  that  the 
beadles  and  servants  should  go  to  the  said  church  in  the 
first  week  in  October,  and  knock  upon  his  gravestone 
with  sticks  or  staves  three  times  each  person,  and  say : 
*  How  do  you  do  brother  Salter  ?  I  hope  you  are  well.'  '*•— 
Annual  Reg.,  Oct.  1769,  vol.  xii.  p.  137. 

Is  this  ceremony  still  observed  ?  If  not,  is  it 
known  when  it  ceased  ?  S.  J. 

A  SECRET  SOCIETY.  —  I  am  desirous  of  obtain- 
ing information  respecting  a  secret  society  that 
was  suppressed  some  thirty-five  or  forty  years  ago 
in  consequence  of  prosecutions  being  instituted 
against  its  members.  At  the  meetings  of  this 
society,  the  chairman  would  ring  a  bell,  at  the 
same  time  calling  upon  the  Evil  One ;  the  mem- 
bers thereupon,  in  turn,  endeavoured  to  outdo 
one  another  in  cursing  and  swearing,  and  the 
victor  in  this  wickedness  received  a  token  of  ap- 
probation from  hfe  fellows.  I  understand  that  in 
some  periodical  of  that  day  an  account  is  given  of 
the  prosecution,  and  suppression  of  the  society ; 
perhaps  one  of  your  contributors  will  be  able  to 
favour  me  with  the  name  of  the  periodical  con- 


taining the  information.     I  believe  the  members 
met  at  a  house  in  or  near  the  Strand.     C.  S.  H. 

SHERIDAN  AND  PETER  MOORE.  —  Sheridan's 
body,  after  his  death,  was  removed  to  the  house 
of  his  friend,  Mr.  Peter  Moore,  in  Great  George 
Street,  Westminster,  to  be  near  the  Abbey  for  in- 
terment. What  was  the  number  of  Mr.  Peter 
Moore's  house  ?  Is  it  still  in  existence  as  in  1816, 
and  who  now  inhabits  it  ?  W.  T.  H. 

TRIALS  OF  ANIMALS.  —  Ten  years  since  I  read 
in  the  Journal  des  Debats  an  article  on  Snail- 
picking  in  the  Vineyards  in  France,  which  gave 
curious  instances  of  many  criminal  trials  in  the 
Middle  Aizes  in  France,  with  all  the  usual  for- 
malities, both  in  civil  and  ecclesiastical  courts, 
against  animals  and  insects  which  had  done 
damage  to  man.  And,  in  a  pamphlet  published 
in  1858  by  Dumoulin  of  Paris,  and  written  by 
Mons.  Emile  Agnel,  entitled  Curiosites  Judiciaires 
et  Historiques  du  Moyen  Age,  "  Proces  contre  les 
Animaux"  the  subject  is  treated  more  at  large. 

I  should  be  obliged  to  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents who  can  supply  information  on  this 
subject,  especially  if  they  can  say  if  such  trials 
ever  took  place  in  England,  and  cite  any  instances 
of  them. 

The  origin  of  the  proceedings  against  large 
animals  may  be  traced  to  the  Pentateuch.  The 
pecuniary  advantage  and  superstitious  influence 
they  gained  by  it  probably  induced  the  clergy  to 
proceed  against  snails,  locusts,  and  other  insects 
in  their  ecclesiastical  jurisdictions. 

JOHN  P.  BOILEAU. 

Ketteringham  Park,  Wymondham,  Norfolk. 

BUCK  WH ALLEY,  M.P.  (3rd  S.  ii.  314.)  —What 
is  the  date  of  this  queer  fish's  birth  ?     And  what 
place  did  he  represent  in  the  Irish  Parliament  ? 
ZACHARIAH  CADWALLADER  SMITH. 

WONDERFUL  CHARACTERS. — Can  any  of  your 
readers  inform  me  where  I  can  find  a  list  of  all 
the  books  and  periodicals  that  have  been  published 
from  the  earliest  period  to  the  present  time,  on  a 
History  of  the  Lives  of  Eccentric  and  Wonderful 
Characters  ?  Also,  where  I  can  inspect  collections 
for  a  history  of  the  Eccentric  and  Wonderful 
Characters  of  the  present  century  ?  I  should  also 
be  glad  to  know  if  any  of  your  readers  are  aware 
if  it  is  the  intention  of  any  one  to  publish  a  his- 
tory of  the  remarkable  characters  of  the  present 
day.  J.  H. 

MARQUIS  OF  WORCESTER'S  "  CENTURY  or  IN- 
VENTIONS."— There  was  an  edition  printed  in  1748, 
and  another  in  1763.  But  where,  and  by  whom 
printed,  I  cannot  ascertain.  Nor  do  I  find  any 
edition  noticed  later  than  1825  ;  although  I  have 
been  informed  that  Messrs.  Cundell  printed  one 
about  1850-56.  H.  D. 


156 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  FEB.  20,  '64. 


tetf  tottl) 

REGINALD  FITZURSE.  — I  have  a  pictute  in- 
scribed "Reginald  Fitzurse's  Chapel."  Query 
the  parish  and  county  ?  A.  J.  DUNKIN. 

Dartford. 

[Sir  Reginald  Fitzurse,  "  son  of  the  Bear,"  was  one  of 
the  four  murderers  of  Thomas  Becket.  His  father,  Richard 
Fitzurse,  became  possessed  in  the  reign  of  Stephen  of  the 
manor  of  Willetonin  Somersetshire,  which  had  descended 
to  Reginald  a  few  years  before  the  murder  of  the  Arch- 
bishop of  Canterbury.  He  was  also  a  tenant  in  chief  in 
Northamptonshire,  in  tail  in  Leicestershire  (Liber  Nigri 
Scaccarii,  216-288),  and  was  also  possessor  of  the  manor  of 
Barham  Court  in  Kent.  (Hasted's  Kent,  iii.  755.)  The 
medieval  tradition  is,  that  the  four  murderers,  struck  with 
remorse,  went  to  Rome  to  receive  the  sentence  of  Pope 
Alexander  III.,  and  by  him  were  sent  to  expiate  their 
sins  in  the  Holy  Land.  Dean  Stanley  (Historical  Memo- 
rials of  Canterbury,  8vo,  1855),  has,  however,  carefully 
traced  the  facts  of  their  subsequent  history,  from  which 
it  appears,  that  Fitzurse  is  said  to  have  gone  over  to  Ire- 
land, and  there  to  have  become  the  ancestor  of  the 
M'Mahon  family  in  the  north  of  Ireland  —  M'Mahon 
being  the  Celtic  translation  of  Bear's  son.  On  his  flights 
the  estate  which  he  held  in  the  Island  of  Thanet,  Barham 
or  Berham  Court,  lapsed  to  his  kinsman  Robert  of  Berham 
— Berham  being,  as  it  would  seem,  the  English,  as  M'Mahon 
was  the  Irish  version,  of  the  name  Fitzurse.  His  estates  of 
Willeton,  in  Somersetshire,  he  made  over,  half  to  the 
Knights  of  St.  John  the  year  after  the  murder,  probably 
in  expiation  —  the  other  half  to  his  brother  Robert,  who 
built  the  chapel  of  Willeton.  This  probably  is  the  chapel 
of  which  our  correspondent  possesses  a  picture.  The  de- 
scendants of  the  family  lingered  for  a  long  time  in  the 
neighbourhood  under  the  same  name,  successively  cor- 
rupted into  Fitzour,  Fishour,  and  Fisher.  Vide  Collin- 
son's  Somersetshire,  iii.  487.] 

WILLIAM  DUNBAR. — Some  of  your  readers  may 
be  glad  to  read  the  enclosed  gem  of  poetry.    Why 
is  such  a  writer  forgotten  ? 
"  The  Nychtingall  said,  Bird,  quhy  doist  thou  raif  ? 

Man  may  tak  in  his  lady  sic  delyt, 
.  Elm  to  forget  that  hir  sic  vertew  gaif, 

And  for  his  hevin  rassaif  her  cullour  quhyt ; 
Hir  goldin  tressit  hairis  redomyt, 
Like  to  Apollois  bemis  thocht  thay  schone, 

Suld  nocht  him  blind  fro  lufe  that  is  perfy  t ; 
All  Luve  is  lost  bot  vpone  God  allone." 

The  Twa  Luves,  st.  x.,  ed.  1788,  by 
W.  Dunbar,  circa  1505. 

EDWARD  H.  KNOWLES. 

[Although  William  Dunbar,  "the  darling  of  the 
Scottish  Muses,"  as  he  has  been  termed  by  Sir  Walter 
Scott,  received  from  his  contemporaries  the  homage  due 
to  the  greatest  of  Scotland's  early  makars,  his  name  and 
fame  were  doomed  to  a  total  eclipse,  during  the  period 
from  1530  (when  Sir  David  Lyndsay  mentions  him 
among  the  poets  then  deceased)  to  the  year  1724,  when 
some  of  his  poems  were  published  by  Allan  Ramsay  in 


The  Evergreen.  A  considerable  part  of  the  volume  en- 
titled Antient  Scottish  Poems,  published  by  Lord  Hailes 
in  1770,  is  occupied  with  poems  by  Dunbar.  The  first 
complete  collection  of  his  Poems  was  published  by  Mr. 
David  Laing,  2  vols.  Edinburgh,  1834,  with  Notes  and  a 
Memoir  of  his  Life.  "  If  any  misfortune,"  remarks  Mr. 
Laing,  "  had  befallen  the  two  nearly  coeval  manuscript 
collections  of  Scottish  poetry  by  Bannatyne  and  Mait- 
land,  the  great  chance  is,  that  it  might  have  been  scarcely 
known  to  posterity  that  such  a  poet  as  Dunbar  had  ever 
existed."  (Vol.  i.  p.  5.)  In  Mr.  Laing's  edition  the  poem 
quoted  by  our  correspondent,  "  The  Twa  Luves,"  is  en- 
titled "  The  Merle  and  the  Nychtingaill."  It  is  written 
as  an  apologue,  between  two  birds,  the  Merle  or  Black- 
bird, and  the  Nightingale.] 

POPE  AND  CHESTERFIELD.  —  In  Caxtoniana,  i. 
136,  it  is  written:  — 

"Pope,  in  the  graceful  epigram  which  compliments 
Chesterfield,  had  said  — 

"  Accept  a  miracle ;  instead  of  wit, 
See  two  dull  lines  by  Stanhope's  pencil  writ." 

Am  I  right  in  doubting  whether  this  epigram  is 
correctly  ascribed  to  Pope  ?  and  if  I  am  so,  will 
some  one  kindly  say  where  else  it  is  to  be  found  ? 
Had  it  not  its  origin  at  a  meeting  of  the  Kit-Cat 
Club,  and  what  is  the  story  ?  H.  W.  IT. 

United  Arts  Club. 

[This  epigram  is  attributed  to  Pope  by  John  Taylor* 
in  his  amusing  work,  Records  of  my  Life,  1832,  i.  161. 
He  says:  "Pope  manifested,  his  opinion  of  Lord  Chester- 
field by  the  following  couplet  on  using  his  lordship's 
pencil,  which  ought  to  have  been  included  in  the  poet's 
works :  — 

'Accept  a  miracle;  instead  of  wit, 
See  two  dull  lines  by  Stanhope's  pencil  writ.' " 

In  The  Art  of  Poetry  on  a  New  Plan,  edited  by  Oliver 
Goldsmith,  1762,  vol.  i.  p.  57,  the  couplet  is  stated  to  have 
been  written  by  Pope  on  a  glass  with  the  Earl  of  Chester- 
field's diamond  pencil.  "  For  my  part,"  says  Goldsmith, 
"  I  am  at  a  loss  to  determine  whether  it  does  more  honour 
to  the  poet  who  wrote  it,  or  to  the  nobleman  for  whom  the 
compliment  is  designed."] 

ST.  ISHMAEL. — In  the  county  of  Carmarthen 
there  is  a  parish  of  St.  Ishmael.  Can  you  give 
me  any  information  about  this  saint  ? 

CECIL  BLENT. 

[St.  Ishmael,  or  more  correctly  Ismael,  was  the  son  of 
Budic,  a  native  of  Cornugallia,  the  western  division  of 
Brittany.  His  mother  was  the  sister  of  St.  Teilo,  arch- 
bishop of  Llandaff.  St.  Ishmael  had  two  younger  brothers, 
Tyfei,  accidentally  slain  when  a  child,  who  lies  buried  at 
Penaly,  and  Oudoceus,  afterwards  archbishop  of  LlandafF. 
According  to  the  Liber  Landavensis  St.  Ishmael  was, 
after  the  decease  of  St.  David,  appointed  suffragan  of  St. 
David's,  under  his  uncle  St.  Teilo,  who  had  removed  to 
LlandafF.  St.  Ishmael  was  the  founder  of  St.  Ishmael's 
near  Kidwelly,  Carmarthenshire,  and  of  Camros,  Us- 
maston,  Rosemarket,  St.  Ishmael's,  and  East  Haroldston, 


3«>  S<  V.  FEB.  20,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


157 


Pembrokeshire.  Consult  Rice  Rees's  Essay  on  the  Welsh 
Saints,  p.  252,  and  W.  J.  Rees's  Lives  of  the  Cambro- 
British  Saints,  p.  406.] 

"  OFTICINA  GENTIUM."  —  In  what  author  does 
the  phrase  occur,  "  officina  gentium,"  applied,  I 
believe,  to  the  numbers  of  the  northern  nations, 
vrhose  irruptions  overwhelmed  the  south  of  Eu- 
rope on  the  decline  of  the  Roman  Empire  ?  A. 

[The  phrase  occurs  in  the  treatise  by  Bishop  Jor- 
nandes  De  Getarum,  sive  Gothorum,  Origine  et  rebus  gestis. 
It  will  be  found  in  the  edition  of  1597,  Lugd.  Bat.  p.  11. 
(see  first  sentence  of  cap.  iv.),  and  is  employed  in  the 
sense  which  our  correspondent  mentions :  —  "  Ex  hac 
igitur  Scanzia  insula,  quasi  ojficina  gentium,  aut  certe 
velut  vagina  nationum,  cum  rege  suo,"  &c.  Scanzia,  or 
the  Scandinavian  peninsula,  was  formerly  deemed  an 
island. 

Any  difficulty  that  has  arisen  in  the  search  for  this 
expression  may  have  been  occasioned  by  its  too  frequent 
misquotation;  the  phrases,  both  remarkable,  "officina 
gentium"  and  "  vagina  nationum,"  having  been  jumbled 
together,  and  cited  as  "  vagina  gentium."] 

J.  HOLLAND,  OPTICIAN.  —  I  have  a  fine  achro- 
matic telescope,  of  five  feet  focal  length,  and  four 
inches  aperture.  It  bears  the  name  of  J.  Holland, 
London.  I  should  feel  obliged  to  any  of  your 
astronomical  readers  who  could  give  me  some  in- 
formation respecting  this  artist,  and  when  he  died. 
Was  he  the  inventor  of  a  microscopic  object- 
glass  which  bears  his  name  ? 

JOHN  PAVIN  PHILLIPS. 

[We  have  not  been  able  to  trace  any  optician  of  the 
name  of  Holland.  May  it  not  be  one  of  the  telescopes  of 
the  old-established  firm  of  Dollond,  of  St.  Paul's  church- 
yard?] 

OATH  OF  THE  JUDGES  ON  NOMINATING  THE 
SHERIFFS. — Where  is  a  copy  of  this  oath  to  be 
found?  It  is  administered  in  Norman-French. 
Lord  Coke,  in  his  Institutes,  gives  many  official 
oaths,  but  not  this  one.  T.  F. 

[In  the  Book  of  Oaths,  London,  1689,  will  be  found,  at 
p.  14,  "The  Oath  of  a  Sheriff  of  a  County; "  at  p.  123, 
"  The  Oath  of  a  Sheriff,"  which  appears  to  have  been 
taken  by  the  Sheriff  of  Bedford  and  Berks ;  and  at  p.  126, 
"  The  Oath  of  the  Sheriff  of  Oxon  and  Berks,  Cambridge 
and  Huntingdon."  All  three  oaths  are  in  English.] 

MAINT.— In  Moore's  poem,  "The  Ring,  a  Tale," 
Works,  vol.  ii.  p.  45  (ed.  1840),  stanza  43  reads 
thus :  — 

"  Now  Austin  was  a  reverend  man 

Who  acted  wonders  maint — 
Whom  all  the  country  round  believ'd 
A  devil  or  a  saint  f " 

What  is  the  meaning  of  the  word  italicised  ? 
Halliwell  {Arch.  Diet.)  has  only  maynt  =  main- 
tained. E.  V. 

[Bailey  gives  maint  in  the  sense  of  many.  Moore,  how- 
ever, very  likely  took  a  French  adjective  for  the  sake  of 
the  rhyme.] 


PORTRAIT  OF  OUR  SAVIOUR. 
(3rd  S.  v.  74.) 

I  have  an  "  old  picture  painted  on  oak  on  a 
gold  ground,"  which  answers  so  exactly  to  the 
description  quoted  by  ANON,  that  at  first  it 
seemed  to  be  no  other  than  the  portrait  inquired 
for.  On  comparing  it  with  the  engraving  m  the 
Antiquarian  Repertory,  I  find  that,  although  the 
words  of  the  inscription  are  exactly  similar,  are 
written  in  gold  capital  letters  on  a  black  ground, 
and  are  set  out  in  the  same  number  of  lines — in 
all  these  points  resembling  the  painting  deline- 
ated :  the  division  of  the  words,  and  the  spelling, 
are  here  and  there  different.  There  is  agreement 
also  in  the  handling  of  the  subject,  and  in  the 
outline  of  the  features ;  but  it  is  obviously  difficult 
to  judge  of  a  likeness  which  has  filtered  through 
"  a  drawing  taken  by  a  young  lady  of  this  city 
(Canterbury),"  and  an  engraving,  probably  re- 
duced in  size  from  the  original  in  order  to  suit 
the  page  of  the  work  in  which  it  appeared. 

I  am  assuming  that  the  painting  in  my  posses- 
sion is  old.  Of  course,  it  may  not  be  ;  although 
I  can  adopt  the  words  of  the  Repertory  and  say, 
"  from  the  manner  of  writing,  and  appearance  of 
the  wood,  (it)  has  been  done  a  great  many  yeaBS.1r 
Its  merits,  as  a  work  of  art,  are  slender ;  and  I 
have  not  yet  indulged  in  the  luxury  of  paying  a 
guinea  fee  to  a  high  professional  authority  for  his 
opinion  as  to  its  genuine  age.  Since  there  is  a 
possibility  that  two  paintings,  so  'nearly  alike, 
may  be  of  the  same  date,  I  append  a  description 
of  mine  for  the  purpose  of  comparison  with  that 
from  which  the  drawing  was  made. 

The  panel  is  11£  inches  high,  by  9£  inches  wide. 
The  upper  space,  5  inches  in  depth,  has  the  por- 
trait in  profile,  issuing,  as  it  were,  out  of  a  golden 
chief.  The  head  has  brown  hair,  thickly  flowing 
to  the  shoulders  ;  the  nose  and  forehead  nearly  a 
straight  line;  the  mouth  and  chin  conspicuous, 
though  wearing  a  full  beard.  The  upper  part  of 
the  body  (shown  to  about  three  inches  below  the 
shoulder)  covered  by  a  red  garment,  which  leaves 
the  throat  bare ;  and  has  a  hem,  or  border,  on 
each  edge  of  which  is  a  dotting  of  white  beads. 
The  lower  portion  of  the  panel  is  taken  up  with 
the  legend,  contained  in  ten  lines,  as  follows  :  — 

"  THIS  PRESENT   FIGUKK  IS   THE 

SIMILITUDE   OF   OUR   LORD  IHV 
OUR   SAVIOVR   IMPRINTED  IN 
AMIRALD   BY   THE  PREDESESSORS ;    OF 
THE   GREAT  TURK;    AND  SENT  TO   THK 
POPE;   INNOCENT   THE   VIII  AT 
THE   COST   OF  THE   GREAT 
TURK   FOR  A   TOKEN    FOR   THIS 
CAUSE  TO   REDEEME   HIS   BROTHER 
THAT   WAS  TAKEN   PRISONOR." 


158 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[8*1  S.  V.  FBB.  20,  '64. 


In  connection  with  this  subject,  I  may  advert 
to  the  existence  of  (what  is  described  to  me  as) 
an  excellent  old  engraving,  which  also  gives  the 
head  of  our  Saviour  in  profile,  with  the  following 
words  beneath :  — 

«  Vera  Salvatoris  nostri  effigies  ad  imitationem  ima- 
ginis  smaragdo  incisae  iussv  Tiberii  Caesaris  quo  smaragdo 
Postea  ex  thesauro  constantinopolitano  turcarvm  im- 
perator  Innocentivm  VIII  Pont:  Max:  Rom:  Donavit 
pro  Redimendo  fratre  christianis  Captivo." 

Will  your  correspondent  pardon  me  for  saying, 
that  one  or  two  words  in  his  extract  from  the 
inscription,  as  given  in  the  Repertory,  are  not 
precisely  exact ;  and  that  the  name  of  the  writer 
is  Loltie,  not  "Lottie"?  I  believe  he  will,  for 
literal  accuracy  is  one  of  the  many  useful  aims  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  JOHN  A.  C.  VINCENT. 

I  have  a  picture  in  my  possession  that  I  believe 
to  be  the  one  ANON  inquires  about.  The  portrait 
is  on  a  gold  ground,  painted  on  oak  ;  and  under- 
neath is  the  following  inscription,  in  ^capital 
letters  :  — 

"  This  present  figvre  is  the  similitvde  of  our  Lord 

IHV  ovre  Savior  imprinted  in  amirald  by  the  predeses- 
sors  of  THE  great  Tvrke,  and  sent  to  the"  Pope  Innosent 
the  VIII.  at  the  cost  of  the  Grete  Tvrke  for  a  token 
for  this  cawse  to  redeme  his  brother  that  was  takyn 
presonor." 

The  picture  has  been  in  my  possession  some- 
where about  twenty  years.  I  purchased  it  at  the 
sale  of  the  effects  of  the  late  Mr.  Isherwood  of 
Marple  Hall,  near  Stockport,  in  Cheshire.  Marple 
Hall  was  the  residence  of  the  celebrated  President 
Bradshaw,  and  I  believe  Mr.  Isherwood  came 
into  possession  of  the  estate  through  having  mar- 
ried a  descendant  of  the  judge.  T.  TOPHAM. 

Chester. 

I  lately  purchased,  at  an  old  print  shop,  a  print 
of  no  great  merit  as  an  engraving  ;  evidently  cut 
out  of  a  book  or  periodical,  and  apparently  not 
more  than  thirty  or  forty  years  old,  perhaps  less. 
It  bears  the  following  inscription :  — 

"  The  only  true  likeness  of  our  Saviour,  taken  from 
one  worked  on  a  piece  of  tapestry  by  command  of  Tibe- 
rius Caesar ;  and  was  given  from  the  Treasury  of  Con- 
stantine  by  the  Emperor  of  the  Turks  to  Pope  Innocent 
VIII.,  for  the  redemption  of  his  brother,  then  a  captive 
of  the  Christians.  J.  Rogers,  sc." 

It  is  an  oval,  set  in  a  square  frame  of  elaborate 
needlework-pattern,  9  inches  by  7.  I  have  occa- 
sionally seen  a  similar  likeness  in  modern  cheap 
prints,  but  do  not  recollect  ever  to  have  met  with 
one  bearing  the  same  inscription.  The  Penny 
Cyclopedia  states  (see  "  Innocent  VIII."  and  "Ba- 
yazid"),  that  the  name  of  the  Turkish  monarch 
was  Bajazet  II. ;  and  that  of  his  brother,  Jem,  or 
Zigim.  Poor  Jem,  however,  does  not  appear  to 


bave  been  liberated  through  this  tempting  bait  of 
the  holy  tapestry ;  but  after  varied  vicissitudes,  is 
supposed  to  have  been  poisoned,  in  1495,  by  order 
of  Alexander  VI.  FENTONIA. 


MUTILATION  OF  SEPULCHRAL  MONUMENTS. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  101.) 

The  letters  in  "  N.  &  Q."  on  this  subject  have 
doubtless  impressed  your  readers  with  its  import- 
ance ;  the  last  communication  from  MR.  FERRET 
is  especially  interesting.  In  two  churches  that  I 
could  mention  every  monument  was  taken  from 
the  walls,  and  thrown  together,  pell-mell.  How 
many  of  these  were  restored  ? 

That  the  compartment  or  tablet  containing 
the  inscription  should  be  carefully  preserved  and 
refixed,  whilst  the  absurd  decorations  that  fre- 
quently surround  it  should  be  abstracted,  I  have 
myself  strongly  recommended*  With  every  feel- 
ing of  respect  for  the  dead,  we  may  surely  dis- 
card, without  hesitation,  the  lamps  and  urns,  the 
hour-glasses,  weeping  cherubs,  and  other  absurd 
devices.  In  one  instance  a  monument  of  consider- 
able size,  and  of  surpassing  ugliness,  occupigd 
nearly  the  whole  of  a  wall  in  a  small  mortuary 
chapel,  but  notwithstanding  remonstrances,  there 
it  has  been  suffered  to  remain. 

The  Abbey  Church  of  Bath,  perhaps,  contains 
a  larger  number  of  tablets  and  gravestone  inscrip- 
tions than  any  church  of  the  same  size  in  Eng- 
land. "  Snug  lying  in  the  abbey  "  seems  to  have 
been  desired  both  before  and  since  the  days  of  Bob 
Acres.  A  grave  was  prepared  in  this  church  for 
the  distinguished  political  economist,  Mallhus.  The 
coffins  on  each  side  the  grave  presented  a  fearful 
picture,  and  the  resting-place  for  this  eminent 
man  could  not  have  been  obtained  but  by  the  ex- 
pulsion of  remains  that  ought  never  to  have  been 
disturbed.  The  introduction  of  walled  graves, 
now  so  common  in  cemeteries,  will  do  much  to 
promote  decency  in  our  interments. 

The  more  correct  taste  of  the  present  day  is 
shown  in  removing  monuments,  sometimes  vast 
fabrics,  from  situations  which  they  ought  never  to 
have  occupied,  to  places  more  fitted  for  them. 
This  has  recently  been  done  in  some  of  our  cathe- 
drals, and  several  years  ago  the  tablets  on  the 
pillars  in  the  nave  of  Bath  Abbey  were  removed 
to  the  adjoining  walls.  Two  monuments  to  mem- 
bers of  my  own  family,  of  the  dates  of  1706  and 
1707, — a  dark  period  in  the  history  of  monu- 
mental sculpture, — originally  held  prominent  situ- 
ations in  Chester  cathedral,  where  columns  must 
have  been  hacked  and  hewn  to  receive  them.  On 
my  last  visit  to  that  cathedral  I  found  that  they 
had  been  removed  to  a  less  conspicuous  situation ; 
an  act  of  propriety  of  which  no  descendants  of  a 
family  in  similar  cases  can  complain. 


3rd  S.  V.  FEB.  20,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


159 


I  am  anxious  to  preserve  in  "  1ST.  &  Q."  the 
suggestions  of  so  eminent  an  architect  as  Mr.  G. 
Gr§cott,  R.A.,  on  a  subject  connected  with  this 
paper.  Extensive  restorations  and  improvements 
are  contemplated  in  the  abbey  of  Bath  by  the  Rev. 
the  Rector,  and  in  Mr.  Scott's  letter  to  that  gen- 
tleman occurs  the  following  passage  :  — 

"  In  dealing  with  the  floor  of  the  nave,  much  consider- 
ation will  have  to  be  given  to  the  existing  graves  and 
monumental  stones  which  occupy  almost  its  entire  area. 
I  should  recommend  a  strong  stratum  of  concrete  to  be 
laid  between  the  graves  and  the  floor  throughout,  and  all 
proper  means  to  be  taken  for  rendering  the  support  of  the 
floor  strong  and  immoveable,  as  well  as  for  preventing  the 
possibility  of  gaseous  exhalations  from  the  graves.  As 
the  wood  floors  would  cover  many  of  the  monumental 
stones,  I  would  recommend  a  perfect  plan  of  their  posi- 
tions to  be  made ;  copies  being  kept  of  all  the  inscriptions, 
and,  where  desired,  brass  plates  to  be  put  on  the  walls, 
containing  the  same  inscriptions." 

This  last  recommendation  of  Mr.  Scott's  would 
be  impracticable,  as  there  would  be  little  if  any 
space  on  the  walls  for  brass  plates,  but  copies  of 
the  inscriptions,  with  reference  to  the  exact  spots 
where  laid,  might  be  preserved  in  a  volume  of 
vellum  or  parchment,  protected  by  an  impregnable 
binding,  indexes  to  be  appended.  There  is  no 
saying  how  precious  a  date  or  a  fact  may  be  to  an 
historian  or  antiquary,  and  to  the  descendants  of 
the  person  recorded,  the  inscription  may  be  in- 
valuable. J.  H.  MARKLANB. 


WHITMORE  FAMILY. 
(3rd  S.  iii.  509.) 

Three  places  in  Staffordshire  may  have  origin- 
ated this  as  a  family  name,  viz.  Whitmore,  near 
Newcastle-under-Lyme ;  Wetmore,  in  the  parish 
of  Burton-on-Trent;  and  Wildmoor,  in  that  of 
Bobbington,  the  last  running  into  Shropshire. 
These  places,  though  distinguishable  enough  in 
modern  writing,  are  not  so  in  old  MSS.,  where 
they  are  spelt  very  nearly  alike.  There  is  no 
doubt,  however,  that  Erdeswick  was  correct  in 
his  assertion,  quoted  by  your  correspondent,  that 
a  race  of  gentry,  springing  from  one  Raufe,  took 
their  name  from  the  manor  and  parish  of  Whit- 
more  (the  Witemore  of  Domesday),  now  a  sta- 
tion on  the  N.  W.  Railway.  Radulph  de  Boterel 
is  styled  Custos  de  Novo  Castello,  Stafford, 
15  Hen.  II.,  an  office  subsequently  held  by  Henry 
the  first  Lord  Audley.  Will,  de  Boterel,  28 
Hen.  II.,  grandson  of  Radulph,  married  Avisa  de 
Witmore,  which  came  into  his  possession,  and 
gave  its  name  to  his  grandson,  Rob.  de  Whitmore, 
Dns.  de  Wytmore,  14  John— 26  Hen.  III.  The 
two  next  generations  seem  to  have  increased  their 
property  considerably ;  Robtus  de  Whytmore, 
Dns  de  Whytmore,  41—44  Hen.  III.,  son  and  heir 
of  the  last,  holding  in  right  of  his  wife,  Ada  de 


Walleshull  "  in  vasta  foresta  de  Walleshull,"  the 
manor  and  vill  of  Brocton  sup.  Wytemor  (the 
modern  Wildmoor),  and  his  son  Willmus  de  Wyt- 
more, surnamed  Forestarius,  Dns  de  Wytmore, 
45  Hen.  III.— 10  Edw.  I.,  holding  (I  presume  in 
right  of  his  wife  Agnes  de  Haselwall,  who  was 
possessed  of  an  estate  in  the  neighbourhood)  land 
in  the  same  Wytimore  and  in  Burchton,  both 
being  within  the  manor  of  Claverley,  Salop.  He 
had  likewise,  by  gift  from  the  king  (in  reward,  I 
suppose,  for  his  services  in  the  Welsh  wars)  the 
church  of  Claverley  and  its  members  Burchton  and 
Bobiton.  It  must  be  this  Will.  fil.  Rob.  de  Whit- 
more, with  whom  Ormerod  commences  his  pedi- 
gree of  the  Whitmoresof  Hunstanton  in  Cheshire. 
The  history  of  the  Manor  near  Newcastle  be- 
comes after  this  less  easy  to  follow.  There  was  a 
John,  Lord  of  Wytemore,  22, 27,  and  29  Edw.  I., 
and  Rad.  fil.  Johis  de  Whitemore,  also  lord,  7 
Edw.  II.  The  former  of  these  should  be  son  of 
William,  according  to  Ormerod ;  but  this  author 
makes  no  allusion  to  either  William  or  John 
being  lords  of  Whitmore,  though  he  could  hardly 
fail  to  meet  with  the  designation  in  the  public  re- 
cords. The  last  of  the  name  in  possession  of  the 
manor  was  another  John  de  Whitmore,  15—41 
Edw.  III.,  who  appears  to  have  been  a  witness 
to  the  deed  quoted  by  Erdeswick  (Harwood's  ed. 
p.  112).  He  married  Joan,  sister  (not  daughter, 
as  stated  by  Shaw  and  by  Harwood  from  Degge) 
of  Sir  John  Verdon,  Kt.  They  had  a  daughter 
Joan,  wife  (8—12  Rich.  II.)  of  Henry  Clerk  of 
Ruyton,  once  mayor  of  Coventry ;  and  perhaps 
a  second  daughter  Elizabeth,  wife  of  James  de 
Boghay  (47  Edw.  III.— 16  Rich.  II.),  who  be- 
came lord  of  Whitmore,  purchasing  one  moiety 
from  the  Clerks.  In  the  Brit.  Mus.  (Harl.  Rolls. 
No.  21)  there  is  a  pedigree  of  Whitmore  of  Caun- 
ton,  co.  Notts,  beginning  with  John  de  Whitmore 
in  Com.  .Stafford,  temp.  Edw.  I.  and  his  son  Wm. 
de  Whitmore,  Arm.,  and  ending  in  the  reign  of 
Elizabeth ;  but  there  is  nothing  to  show  from 
what  Staffordshire  family  they  proceeded.  They 
acquired  this  property  by  marriage  with  the 
heiress  of  Blyton  de  Caunton,  temp.  Henry  VI. 
For  particulars  of  the  localities  in  Burton  and 
Bobington  parishes,  respectively,  I  may  refer 
to  Shaw,  vol.  i.  p.  20,  and  Eyton's  Antiquities, 
vol.  iii.  p.  166,  171.  Blake  way  remarks  of  the 
Whitmores  of  Apley,  that  they  do  not  appear  to 
have  had  any  connection  with  the  Cheshire  family, 
"  though  the  heralds  have  given  them  similar 
arms,  with  a  crest  allusive  to  the  springing  of  a 
young  shoot  out  of  an  old  stock."  The  grant 
may  be  accounted  for  by  the  fact  that  the  Shrop- 
shire family  is  by  some  derived  from  Thos.  Whit- 
more of  Madeley,  near  Newcastle-under-Lyme, 
where  the  Whitmores  of  Whitmore  had  land  as 
early  as  56  Hen.  III.  There  was  a  Thos.  Whit- 
more, of  Madeley,  disclaimed  in  1583  by  Glover 


160 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  FEB.  20,  '61 


as  failing  to  bring  proof  of  his  gentility,  who  may 
have  been  the  same  person  far  advanced  in  years. 
(Harl.  MSS.  1396  and  1570;  Morant's  Essex, 
vol.  i.  p.  492.)  The  family  at  Apley  are  said  at 
this  day  to  quarter  the  differenced  coat  granted 
in  1593  to  their  ancestor  William  Whitmore  of 
London.  The  Harl.  MS.  1457,  fol.  148ft,  as- 
cribes to  the  name  of  Whitmore,  Vert  a  fret  or, 
and  this  coat  (not  the  fretty)  I  understand  is  ac- 
knowledged by  the  College  of  Arms.  The  earliest 
recorded  coat  that  I  am  aware  of  is  on  a  seal  to  a 
deed  of  John  de  Whitmore,  Lord  of  Whitmore 
29  Edw.  I.  (Harl.  MS.  506) ;  and  the  same  coat 
is  said  in  the  Visitations  to  have  been  borne  by 
John  de  Whitmore  de  Thurstanton,  25  Hen.  VI., 
the  tinctures  being  added,  arg.  a  chief  az.  (Harl. 
MS.  1535).  John  de  Whitmore,  who,  according 
to  Ormerod,  was  father  of  the  last  named,  and 
mayor  of  Chester  1369 — 72,  bare  the  fretty  coat, 
if  we  may  credit  the  topographers  in  attributing 
to  his  memory  an  old  monument  in  the  church  of 
the  Holy  Trinity,  Chester.  Ormerod  ascribes 
the  plain  coat  with  a  chief  to  Haselwall  as  its 
original  owner;  still  a  doubt  may  be  hazarded 
whether  it  was  not  really  the  coat  of  the  Whit- 
mores.  It  is  almost  identical  with  that  of  the 
Butillers,  who  were  superior  lords  of  Whitmore  ; 
and  the  mayor  of  Chester  may  have  assumed  the 
fretty  in  consequence  of  his  marriage  with  the 
eventual  heiress  of  Ralph  de  Vernon,  especially 
as  he  was  a  claimant  for  property  in  her  right, 
which  was  ultimately  recovered.  (Ormerod,  vol.  ii. 
276.)  At  Whitmore  Hall,  the  Manor  House  as 
rebuilt  after  the  Restoration,  among  several  coats 
of  arms  connected  with  the  Mainwarings  in  a 
window  of  stained  glass,  is  a  small  shield  of  four 
quarters,  the  1st  and  4th  a  fret  gold,  the  2nd  a 
bend  sinister  charged  with  three  trefoils  slipped 
or  (for  Coyney?),  and  the  3rd  three  stag's  heads 
caboshed  sa.  The  field-tinctures  are  not  dis- 
cernible, but  the  2nd  and  3rd  quarters  are  pro- 
bably arg.,  and  there  is  in  both  of  these  a  slight 
branch-like  ornamentation  or  diapering.  Against 
the  dexter  side  of  the  shield  there  is  the  initial 
letter  M,  and  against  the  sinister  A.  The  history 
of  this  shield  I  believe  is  unknown.  If  it  could 
be  ascribed  with  any  probability  to  Whitmore  of 
Whitmore,  its  date  would  be  antecedent  to  the 
commencement  of  the  fifteenth  century,  whereas 
the  shape  (the  top  and  bottom  convex  and  pointed, 
the  sides  concave  outwards)  indicates  a  more  re- 
cent period.  The  Whitmores  of  Caunton  bare 
Vert  fretty  arg.  The  Whitmore  fret  may  possibly 
have  been  borrowed  from  the  Verdon,  for  Theo- 
bald, the  first  Baron,  was  superior  lord  of  the 
manor  24  Edw.  I.,  succeeding  Nicholas  le  Butiller. 
Your  correspondent  will  find  that  Erdeswick  de- 
rives the  Audley  fret  from  the  Verdon.  And  if 
Roesia,the  heiress  of  Alveton  (Erdeswick,  p.  500), 
and  second  wife  of  Bertram  de  Verdon,  who 


founded  Croxden  Abbey  in  1176,  was  a  Vernon 
(as  stated  in  Harl.  MS.  1570),  all  these  coats 
would  be  traceable  to  a  common  origin,  the  fret 
undoubtedly  having  pertained  to  Vernon  from 
the  earliest  times.  According  to  a  seal  of  Crox- 
den Abbey,  in  the  Augmentation  Office,  this  Ber- 
tram de  Verdon  used  the  fretty  coat,  as  did  his 
own  descendants,  and  those  of  his  younger  brother, 
Robert,  in  Warwickshire  and  Leicestershire,  who 
charged  it  upon  a  cross.  But  the  Norfolk  branch 
of  the  family,  founded  by  Wm.  de  Verdun,  Ber- 
tram's uncle,  bare  a  lion  rampant ;  and  there  is  . 
some  reason  to  think  that  this  was  the  ancient 
bearing  of  Verdon.  Where  it  is  not  otherwise 
stated,  the  rolls  of  Stafford,  Salop,  Cheshire, 
and  Wales  have  furnished  the  greater  portion  of 
the  dates  and  other  particulars  in  these  notes. 
The  border  lands  of  West  Staffordshire  and  the 
adjoining  counties  were  evidently  for  the  most 
part  forest  in  those  days,  and  the  local  jurisdiction 
uncertain.  The  subject  is  not  exhausted,  and  I 
should  have  added  more,  but  from  unwillingness 
to  trespass  too  largely  upon  your  space.  SHEM. 


PSALM  XC.  9  (VULGATE  LXXXIX.  10). 
(3rd  S.  v.  57,  102.) 

Has  not  a  great  deal  of  linguistic  lore  been 
wasted,  not  to  say  paraded,  upon  a  very  simple 
matter  ?  Your  correspondents  have  proceeded 
upon  the  erroneous  assumption  that  the  Septua- 
gint  translators  mistook  the  meaning  of  a  Hebrew 
word  meaning  meditation,  and  translated  it  spider. 
One  correspondent  goes  learnedly  to  work,  and 
overwhelms  us  with  a  train  of  authorities,  Lee, 
Winer,  Gesenius,  Castell,  and  Hengstenberg ;  and 
then  displays  his  Syriac,  Arabic,  JSthiopic,  and 
Chaldee — all,  however,  by  means  of  Latin  trans- 
lations— to  come,  first,  to  the  extraordinary  con- 
clusion, that  spider  is  to  be  considered  the  most 
correct  rendering  of  the  Hebrew ;  and  then  to 
nullify  his  own  conclusion,  by  observing  ih  a 
note,  "  that  this  remark  of  course  implies  that  as 
the  Hebrew  word  does  not  mean  a  spider,  some 
other  word  was  originally  used." 

Another  correspondent  pronounces  the  Greek 
and  Latin  versions  decidedly  wrong  in  translating 
the  Hebrew  word  by  spider;  and  after  leading 
us  a  learned  course  through  Syriac,  Arabic,  and 
Chaldee,  comes  out  with  his  conclusion,  that  the 
interpreter  mistook  the  Hebrew  word  for  a  Syriac 
one  signifying  spider,  and  dictated  accordingly  to 
the  Greek  amanuensis. 

We  have  here,  then,  two  speculations.  CANON 
DALTON  supposes  that  the  translators  employed 
upon  the  Septuagint  had  some  other  word  be- 
fore them,  which  they  translated  spider ;  and  MR. 
BUCKTON  thinks  that  the  interpreter  mistook  a 


3"»  S.  V.  FEB.  20,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


161 


Hebrew  word  for  Syriac,  and  so  dictated  spider 
as  the  meaning. 

But  is  not  the  remark  of  Calmet  the  most 
natural  and  probable  solution  of  the  difficulty, 
that  the  word  meaning  a  spider,  though  wanting 
now  in  the  Hebrew  text,  was  formerly  there  ?  Is 
it  not  most  unlikely,  indeed  all  but  impossible, 
that  the  LXX.  should  have  inserted  this  word,  if 
it  was  not  before  them  in  their  Hebrew  copies  ? 
And  is  it  not  very  likely  that  some  copyists  of 
the  Hebrew  may  have  omitted  the  word  meaning 
a  spider,  while  they  transcribed  that  which  ex- 
pressed its  labour  ?  The  meaning  of  the  author 
of  this  Psalm,  supposed,,  to  have  been  Moses,  is 
obvious  :  that  our  days  pass  away  like  the  medita- 
tion, the  toil,  the  frail  structure  of  the  spider. 
St.  Jerome's  annotation  is  worth  attention  :  — 
-  "  Quomodo  aranea  qua?  mittit  fila,  et  hue  illucque  dis- 
currit,  et  texit  tota  die,  et  labor  quidem  grandis  est,  sed 
effectus  nullus  est :  sic  et  vita  hominum  hue  illucque  dis- 
currit.  Possessiones  quaerimus:  divitias  apparamus: 
procreamus  filios:  laboramus:  in  regna  sustollimur,  et 
omnia  facimus,  et  non  intelligimus  quia  araneas  telam 
teximus." 

F.  C.  H. 


ST.  MARY  MATFELON. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  5,  55,419,  483;  v.  83.) 

I  now  think  that  I  may  have  cited  Pennant's 
words  incorrectly ;  but  that  does  not  affect  the 
point  under  discussion,  for  my  intention  was,  not 
to  dispute  Pennant's  accuracy  in  reporting  the 
traditionary  version  of  the  word  "  Matfelon" — 
which  version  I  could  not  reconcile  with  the 
Hebrew  or  Arabic  —  but  to  suggest  another  ver- 
sion, which  I  could  so  reconcile. 

Pennant's  authority  is  evidently  Stow  {Surrey, 
vol.  ii.).  After  alluding  to  some  conjectures  re- 
specting the  origin  of  the  word,  he  says  :  "  It  was 
a  more  probable  account  which  I  once  heard  given 
by  a  reverend  minister  in  Essex  (Mr.  Wells, 
sometime  vicar  of  Hornchurch),  that  the  word 
was  of  a  Hebrew  or  Syriac  extraction,  Matfil,  or 
Matfilon,  i.  e.  quae  nuper  enixa  est."  Stow  gives 
the  Hebrew  characters,  and  from  them  I  per- 
ceive that  the  word  is  derived,  not  (as  I  ima- 
gined) from  valada,  but  from  tafala.  I  do  not 
find  that  the  word  in  the  sense  mentioned  by  Stow 
survives  in  Hebrew ;  but  in  Arabic  the  root  im- 
plies "  to  bear  an  infant,"  whereas  I  had  supposed 
it  to  mean  "  to  bear  a  child  or  a  son."  Mutfil, 
Matfil,  or  Mntfilun,  signifies  either  secum  habens 
infantem,  orfcetnra  propinqua,  which  may,  I  sup- 
pose, be  rendered  near  to  conception,  one  who  will 
soon  conceive.  Besides,  as  the  root  (tafala)  be- 
gins with  the  letter  t,  the  different,  although 
similar  letter  t  which  forms  the  fifth  conjugation, 
may  coalesce  with  it,  and  the  word  may  belong  to 
that  conjugation;  and  the  leading  idea  of  the 
fifth  conjugation  is,  affectation  of  the  action  im- 


plied by  the  root.  This  may  include  the  idea  of 
being  promised,  proposed,  or  set  forth  as  one  who 
would  fulfil  the  object  of  the  root,  and  therefore 
this  conjugation  very  nearly  resembles  the  inde- 
finite Latin  future  in  rus.  There  is  another 
meaning  of  the  root  which  seems  to  support  my 
conjecture.  It  signifies  the  later  evening,  the  time 
immediately  before  sunset;  and  St.  Mary's  is 
fitly  symbolized  by  the  eve  which  precedes  the 
night  which  ends  in  the  Day-spring.  I  prefer 
upon  the  whole  my  rendering  of  the  word  "  Mat- 
felon,"  because  a  dedication  to  the  Virgin  and 
Child  would  be  too  obvious  and  common  to  need 
the  subtle  nicety  of  an  Arabic  root  to  express  it, 
whereas  (except  at  Chartres)  a  dedication  "  Vir- 
gini  Pariturae  "  would  be  unknown,  and  not  easily 
expressed  in  English.  JAS.  REYNOLDS. 

St.  Mary's  Hospital. 

In  reply  to  J.  R.'s  request  to  be  supplied  with 
examples  of  the  softening  or  omission  of  the 
letter  d  (and  without  reference  to  previous  com- 
munications under  this  head ,  which  I  have  not 
seen),  I  would  mention  Moladah  (riTpilO),  a  city 
of  southern  Palestine  (Josh.  xv.  26),  which  was 
softened  by  the  Greeks  into  MoA.a0a,  was  further 
modified  by  the  Romans  into  Moleathia  and  Mo- 
leaha,  and  in  the  modern  Arabic  nomenclature  of 
the  country  appears  as  Milh.  E.  W. 

Hutton  (vol.  ii.  p.  406)  very  prudently  says: — 
"  Why  the  word  Matfellon  was  added  is  uncer- 
tain ;  but  the  church  was  called  Whitechapel  as 
being  formerly  a  chapel  of  ease  to  Stebunheath." 
The  derivation  of  the  word  from  the  Hebrew  is 
too  far-fetched  a  solecism  to  carry  any  weight. 
The  word  Matfellon  is  old  English,  and  the  name 
of  the  black  knapweed,  the  heads  of  which  are 
still  used  as  a  tonic.  Lovell  spells  it  Materfilon, 
otherwise  Matrefillon ;  and  the  monks  of  Bury- 
St. -Edmunds  used  Vedervoy,  Matfelon,  and  Mag- 
worte  (feverfew,  knapweed,  and  wormwood)  as 
ingredients  in  "  a  drink  for  the  pestilence."  The 
knapweed  probably  grew  as  abundantly  at  Ste- 
bon-heath  as  Saffron  at  Audley.  St.  Anne's  in 
the  Grove,  or  Briers,  is  the  name  of  a  church  at 
Halifax.  Hinton-in-the-Hedges  is  a  parish  in 
Northants;  Thistleton,  in  Rutland;  Nettlebed, 
Oxon ;  Flax  Bourton,  Somerset ;  Mychurch, 
Kent ;  &c. 

MACKENZIE  E.  C.  WALCOTT,  M.A.,  F.S.A. 


ON  WIT. 
(3rd  S.  v.  30,  82.) 

In  addition  to  the   illustrations   of  this  word 
already  published,  perhaps  the  following  more  ex- « 
tended  etymological  inquiry  may  not  be  devoid  of 
interest :  — 


162 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  FEB.  20,  '64. 


The  ultimate  radical  to  which  the  word  can  be 
traced  is  the  Sansk.  vid,  2nd  conj.  Parasmai.  In 
inflexion  it  becomes  gunated,  as  "vedmi,  vetsi, 
vetti."  According  to  Bopp,  its  primitive  signifi- 
cation is  "  videre,"  inde  1,  percipere,  sentire; 
2,  cognoscere,  comperire ;  3,  scire ;  4,  nosse,  no- 
tionem  habere ;  5,  putare,  arbitrari.  Causative : 
facere  ut  quis  sciat ;  certiorem  facere ;  nuntiare — 
indicare.  The  Ved-as  were  the  sacred  books  of 
knowledge. 

In  Greek  it  becomes  ifS-w,  ettJo>,  having  lost  the 
digamma.  Here  it  signifies  to  see,  discern,  per- 
ceive, elSos,  that  which  is  seen,  shape,  form,  image, 
efSwAov,  idol. 

In  Latin  we  have  the  original  root  in  vid-eo, 
with  the  same  meaning,  branching  out  into  nu- 
merous derivatives  :  in  Lithuanian,  weizd-mi,  weid- 
as;  Slavonian,  vjed-mi,  vid-jati;  Erse,/e^,  science, 
knowledge. 

In  the  Teutonic  tongues  it  is  very  prominent 
and  prolific. 

Gothic,  vit-an,  or  veit~an,  to  know,  be  conscious 
of;  vit-oth,  the  law;  Old  Low  Ger.,  vit-a,  vit-en; 
Old  Frisian,  wit-a,  wet-a;  Swedish,  vet-a,  vit-ne ; 
Danish,  vid-e,  vidne;  Holl.,  wet-en. 

In  High  German  the  tenuis  "  t "  of  the  Low 
German,  and  the  medial  "  d  "  of  the  classical  is 
changed,  according  to  Grimm's  law,  into  "  s,"  which 
stands  for  the  aspirate,  and  the  root  becomes  wis  : 
wissen,  to  know ;  weis-en,  to  demonstrate ;  weiss, 
certain,  true,  ge-wiss.  Anglo-Saxon,  wit-an,  to 
know;  wit,  knowledge;  wit-ig,  skilful  (witty); 
wit-ga,  a  seer ;  witena-gemot,  the  assembly  of  wise 
men ;  a-wiht,  aught ;  wiht,  or  hwit  (whit),  any 
thing  that  can  be  seen,  however  small. 

The  correlation  of  seeing  and  knowing  is  shown 
in  the  various  translations  of  the  following  pas- 
sage, Matt.  ix.  4 :  —  Greek,  t'Scbj/  ras  eVflu^cms 
avrwv ;  Latin,  "  et  cum  vidisset  cogitationes  eo- 
rum ; "  Gothic,  "  vitands  thos  mitonins  ize ; "  Ang.- 
Sax.,  "geseah  heore  gethane ; "  German,  "ihre  ge- 
danken  sake;"  Wiclifie,  "whanne  he  had  seen 
their  thougtes;"  Authorised  V.,  "knowing  their 
thoughts." 

Another  class  of  words,  there  is  every  reason  to 
believe,  has  sprung  from  the  same  radical  idea. 
Weiss  in  German  meant  originally  both  "certain" 
and  "  true,"  and  white  or  bright  colour,  a  relation 
which  is  equally  found  in  all  the  Teutonic  tongues. 
A.  S.,hwite;  Franc.,  wiz;  Old  Ger.,  hwiz ;  Gothic, 
weit;  Ee\S.,wit;  O.  L.  G.,  hvitr;  O.Szx.,huit; 
Swed.,  hwitt;  Dan.,  hviid;  Holl.,  wit.  Wachter 
says,  sub  voc.,  "  sapit  originem  a  wissen  '  videre,' 
quia  alba  sunt  maxime  conspicua."  Again,  "  Pro- 
prie  autem  est  perspicuus  a  wissen  '  cernere,'  et 
dicitur  de  certo,  quia  prisci  mortales  ea  certa  et 
vera  putabant,  quae  iu  oculos  incurrerent."  Com- 
pare Greek,  Aeufco's,  from  A.6«W«,  to  see;  Lat., 
certus,  from  cerno,  to  perceive. 

Wavertree,  near  Liverpool.  J.  A.  PICTON. 


On  an  inscription  in  Stanford  Church,  Worces- 
tershire, to  the  Right  Hon.  Thomas  Winnington, 
written  by  Sir  Charles  Hanbury  Williams  about 
1747,  the  word  "witty"  is  placed  apparently  in 
opposition  to  "  wise"  :  — 

"  Near  his  paternal  seat  here  buried  lies 
The  grave,  the  gay,  the  witty,  and  the  wise." 

THOMAS  E.  WINNINGTON. 


Having  read  with  much  interest  MR.  PETER 
CUNNINGHAM'S  treatise  on  "  Wit,"  in  "  N.  &  Q."  ' 
(3rd  S.  v.  30),  I  venture  to  send  you  the  following 
on  the  same  subject.  When  Davenant  published 
his  heroic  poem,  Gondibert,  he  prefixed  a  large 
epistle  "  to  his  much  honoured  friend  Mr.  Hobbes.'* 
In  this  preface  he  has  favoured  us  with  a  defini- 
tion of  "  wit."  The  passage  is  very  long ;  but  as 
some  of  your  readers  may  not  possess  the  book,  I 
will  transcribe  the  more  remarkable  sentences, 
and  refer  the  curious  to  the  work  itself:  — 

"  Wit  is  the  laborious  and  the  lucky  resultances  of 
thought,  having  towards  its  excellence  (as  we  say  of  the 

strokes  of  painting)  as  well  a  happiness  as  care 

It  is,  in  divines,  humility,  examplariness,  and  modera- 
tion ;  in  statesmen,  gravity,  vigilance,  benign  compla- 
cency, secrecy,  patience,  and  dispatch;  in  leaders  of 
armies,  valour,  painfulness,  temperance,  bounty,  dex- 
terity in  punishing  and  rewarding,  and  a  sacred  certitude 
of  promise.  It  is,  in  poets,  a  full  comprehension  of  all 
recited  in  all  these :  and  an  ability  to  bring  those  com- 
prehensions into  action  ....  That  which  is  not,  yet  is 
accounted  wit,  I  will  but  slightly  remember :  which 
seems  very  incident  to  imperfect  youth  and  sickly  age ; 
young  men  (as  if  they  were  not  quite  delivered  from 
childhood,  whose  first  exercise  is  language,)  imagine  [it 
consists  in  the  music  of  words,  and  believe  they  are  made 
wise  by  refining  their  speech  above  the  vulgar  dialect. 
....  Old  men  that  have  forgot  their  childhood,  and  are 
returning  to  their  second,  think  it  lies  in  a  kind  of  tink- 
ling of  words ;  or  else  in  a  grave  telling  of  wonderful 
things,  or  in  comparing  of  times,  without  a  discovered 
partiality." 

Dryden,  in  whose  prefaces  are  to  be  found 
many  instances  tending  to  show  that  "  wit"  was  a 
synonym  for  genius  (as  "  Sir  George  Mackenzie, 
that  noble  wit  of  Scotland  "),  defines  it  to  be  "  a 
propriety  of  thoughts  and  words  ;  or,  in  other 
words,  thoughts  and  words  elegantly  adapted  to 
the  subject."  Very  similar  to  this  is  the  defini- 
tion given  by  Pope,  in  his  Essay  on  Criticism:  — 

"  True  Wit  is  Nature  to  advantage  dress'd; 
What  oft  was  thought,  but  ne'er  so  well  express'd." 

P.  H.  TBEPOLPEN. 


Among  the  thousand  examples  that  may  be 
brought  for  the  use  of  this  word  in  the  sense  of 
wisdom,  intellect,  verse,  &c.,  Cowley  has  one 
of  peculiar  distinction  between  Wisdom  and  Wit — • 
making  the  latter  to  be,  as  I  suppose,  an  edged 
tool  taken  out  of  the  armoury  of  Wisdom :  — 


3^  S.  V.  FEB.  20,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


163 


"  Wisdom  to  man  she  did  afford — 
Wisdom  for  shield,  and  Wit  for  sword." 

Anacreontic  HI. 

J.  A.  G. 

The  transition  from  one  meaning  of  the  word 
wit  to  the  other  may  be  exemplified  from  succes- 
sive verses  of  George  Herbert's  admirable  Church 
Porch :  — 

"  When  thou  dost  tell  another's  jest,  therein 
Omit  the  oathes,  which  true  wit  cannot  need." 

(Verse  11.) 

"The  cheapest  sins  most  dearly  punisht  are ; 
Because  to  shun  them  also  is  so  cheap : 
For  we  have  wit  to  mark  them,  and  to  spare." 

(Verse  12.) 
Again  — 

"  Laugh  not  too  much :  the  wittie  man  laughs  least : 
For  wit  is  newes  only  to  ignorance."— (Verse  39.) 
"  Profanenesse,  filthinesse,  abusivenesse— 

These  are  thescumme,  with  which  coarse  zvits  abound." 
"All  things  are  big  with  jest:  nothing  that's  plain 
But  may  be  wittie.  if  thou  hast  the  vein." 

(Verse  40.) 

"  Wit's  an  unruly  engine,  wildly  striking 
Sometimes  a  friend,  sometimes  the  engineer." 

(Verse  41.) 

"  Usefulness  comes  by  labour,  wit  by  ease." 

(Verse  49.) 
JOB  J.  BARDWELL  WORKARD,  M.A. 


HANS  MEMLINC  :  "  MASSACRE  or  THE  INNO- 
CENTS" (3rd  S.  v.  74.)  —  There  is  no  such  picture 
now  at  Bruges.  If  H.  Ward's  work  contains 
notes  of  any  other  paintings  by  this  great  master, 
or  by  Roger  of  Bruges,  or  Roger  de  la  Pasture 
(van  der  Weyden),  your  correspondent  would 
greatly  oblige  me  by  communicating  to  me  ex- 
tracts of  such  passages. 

For  several  years  past  I  have  been  engaged  in 
collecting  materials  for  a  complete  history  of  the 
School  of  Bruges.  With  this  view  I  have  ex- 
amined a  considerable  portion  of  the  archives  of 
the  town,  and  of  its  different  churches  and  corpo- 
rations. I  have  copied  a  great  many  documents 
concerning  paintings,  some  of  which  disappeared 
from  Bruges  in  1578 — 84,  and  many  more  since 
1792.  There  is  reason  to  believe  that  a  consider- 
able proportion  of  these  are  in  the  possession  of 
private  collectors  in  England.  Brief  notices  of 
any  paintings  supposed  to  have  been  imported 
from  this  town  would  be  extremely  useful,  many 
could  be  recognised  at  once  by  the  armorial  bear- 
ings of  the  donors. 

Permit  me  in  concluding  to  correct  a  popular 
error  concerning  Memlinc,  reproduced  in  your 
notice  of  the  Arundel  Society's  publications.  There 
is  no  proof  whatever  that  the  figure  looking 
through  the  window  in  the  "Adoration  of  the 
*,"  is  a  portrait  of  Memlinc.  Indeed,  the 


M 


whole  legend  of  his  poverty  and  sojourn  at  St. 


John's  hospital  appears  to  be  a  fiction  invented  in 
the  latter  half  of  the  last  century.  Documents 
discovered  by  me  in  the  archives  here  prove  that 
he  was  married  and  settled  here  in  1479,  and  pos- 
sibly still  earlier.  In  1480  he  figures  in  the  list 
of  the  principal  burgesses  of  Bruges  who  advanced 
money  to  the  city  towards  the  expenses  of  the  war 
against  France.  His  wife,  whose  name  was  Anne, 
and  who  bore  him  two  sons  and  a  daughter,  died 
before  September  10,  1487.  The  painter  himself 
died  before  December  10,  1495.  (See  Athenaum, 
Oct.  12,  1861.)  W.  H.  JAMES  WEALE. 

Bruges. 

COL.  ROBERT  VENABLES  (3rd  S.  v.  99,  120.)  — 
The  reprint  of  the  Experienced  Angler  was  edited 
by  the  writer,  chiefly  Induced  by  the  being  in  the 
possession  of  the  manuscript  of  the  Memoir  pre- 
fixed to  that  reprint.  It  was  a  small  quarto,  in  a 
very  old  hand,  apparently  a  transcript  from  the 
original  by  Col.  Venables,  or  by  one  who  knew 
his  history.  What  became  of  the  manuscript 
has  escaped  my  recollection ;  and  the  error  of 
"  Toome "  may  possibly  have  been  in  that  tran- 
script, and  passed  unnoticed  by  me  while  reading 
the  proof  sheet.  J.  H.  BURN. 

London  Institution. 

Allow  us  to  correct  two  errors  which  we  inad- 
vertently made.  For  "  his  friend  Dr.  Peter  Bar- 
wick,"  should  be  read  "  his  friend  Dr.  John  Bar- 
wick;"  and  for  "Life  of  Dr.  Peter  Barwick," 
should  be  read  "  Life  of  Dr.  John  Barwick." 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

WHO  WRITE  OUR  NEGRO  SONGS  ?  (3rd  S.  iv.  392.) 
To  complete  the  record  begun  by  A.,  it  may  be 
well  to  add  to  his  note,  that  Stephen  C.  Foster 
was  buried  at  Pittsburg  on  January  21, 1864,  and 
that  over  his  grave  were  played  some  of  his  well- 
known  airs,  including  his  "  Old  Folks  at  Home." 

ST.  T. 

Philadelphia. 

THOMSON  THE  POET'S  HOUSE  AND  CELLAR  (1st 
S.  xi.  201.)  — Having  a  copy  of  the  catalogue  of 
the  effects  of  Thomson,  referred  to  by  MR.  CAR- 
RUTHERS,  allow  me  to  correct  some  mistakes  into 
which  MR.  CARRUTHERS  appears  to  have  fallen. 
In  the  first  place,  the  catalogue  consists  of  twenty 
pages,  instead  of  "  eight  pages  octavo  ;"  and  the 
library  consists  of  386  lots,  instead  of  "260." 
The  number  of  volumes  is  about  514;  and  the 
oldest  book  (No.  199  of  the  third  day's  sale)  is 
the  4to  edition  of  11  Decameron  di  Boccaccio, 
Venice,  1585.  So  far  as  I  notice,  there  are  no 
pictures  properly  so-called;  but  there  are  eighty- 
three  engravings,  including  ten,  instead  of  "  nine," 
antique  drawings  by  Castelli ;  and  the  engravings 
embrace,  apart  from  those  by  the  masters  men- 
tioned by  MR.  CARRUTHERS,  specimens  of  the 


164 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3"»  S.  V.  FEB.  20,  '64. 


works  of  Audenaerde,  Audran,  Cesi,  Jeaurat,  Le 
Bas,  Scotin,  W.  Chateau,  Lepicie,  Roullet,  Sam. 
Bernard,  Desplaces,  Procaccini,  G.  and  J.  Ede- 
linck,  Teresa  (?),  Crozei  (?),  P.  P.  Rentensde- 
tin  (?).  The  engravings  must  have  been  a  choice 
lot,  since  the  subjects  named  are  some  of  the  more 
celebrated  works  of  these  eminent  artists  ;  whose 
names,  by-the-bye,  are  not  always  correctly  given 
in  the  catalogue.  It  is  somewhat  curious  that  I 
should  have  procured  my  copy  of  this  catalogue 
at  Inverness  in  1862  ;  but  whether  it  be  the  copy 
from  which  MR.  CARRUTHERS  compiled  his  in- 
teresting paper  to  "  N.  &  Q."  in  1 855,  I  am  not 
aware.  It  is  bound  up  with  several  other  pam- 
phlets. The  first  in  the  volume  is  The  Art  of 
Politicks,  in  Imitation  of  Horaces  Art  of  Poetry, 
with  a  curious  frontispiece,  inscribed  "^Risum 
teneatis  amici,"  and  which  is  thus  described  in 
the  opening  lines  of  the  poem  :  — 

"  If  to  a  Human  Face  Sir  James  should  draw 
A  Gelding's  Mane,  and  Feathers  of  Maccaw, 
A  Lady's  Bosom,  and  a  Tail  of  Cod, 
Who  could  help  laughing  at  a  Sight  so  odd?  " 

The  "Sir  James"  alluded  to  in  these  lines  is 
Sir  James  Thornhill.  Can  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents inform  me  who  wrote  The  Art  of  Poli- 
ticks ?  It  consists  of  thirty-six  pages  12mo,  and 
has  this  imprint :  — 

"  London :  Printed  for  LAWTON  GILLIVER,  at  Homer's 
Head,  against  St.  Dunstan's  Church,  in  Fleet-street, 
MDCCXXIX." 

A.  J. 

GAINSBOROUGH  PRAYER  BOOK  (3rd  S.  v.  27.) — 
Gurnill,  the  engraver  of  the  plates  of  the  Gains- 
borough Prayer-Book,  was  a  self-taught  artist, 
who  dwelt  at  that  place  during  the  latter  years  of 
the  eighteenth  century.  He  was,  I  believe,  a 
brazier  by  trade.  My  father,  the  late  Edward 
Shaw  Peacock  of  Bottesford  Moors,  knew  him 
when  he  was  a  boy,  and  more  than  once  bought 
engravings  of  him.  One  is  now  before  me,  of 
which  I  never  saw  or  heard  of  another  copy.  It  is 
called  "  A  Draft  of  the  two  remarkable  Rounds  in 
the  River  Trent,  near  Bole  and  Burton,  Notting- 
hamshire :  Gurnill,  Sculpt.,  Gainsbro',  1795." 
Size,  13£  by  8|  inches.  Gurnill  was  also  a  seal 
engraver ;  but  his  works  in  this  line  of  art  were, 
if  I  may  judge  from  the  only  specimen  I  ever  saw, 
and  which  I  use  in  closing  this  letter,  of  a  very 
rude  description.  I  think  he  died  about  the  year 
1810.  EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

Bottesford  Manor,  Brigg. 

MESCHINES  (3rd  S.  iv.  401.)— If  Randulph  de 
Meschines,  Earl  of  Chester,  was  grandson  of 
Walter  de  Espagne,  I  presume  that  it  was  through 
his  father,  who  had  the  same  name  as  himself;  as 
his  mother  Maud  was  sister  of  Hugh  Lupus, 
whose  parentage  is  well  known.  I  cannot  find 
any  account  of  the  descent  of  Randle  Meschines 


the  elder  in  Dugdale,  Ormerod,  or  other  work  to 
which  I  have  access.  Can  you  refer  me  to  the 
authority  for  the  statement  of  your  correspondent? 
I  shall  be  obliged  to  any  one  Who  will  do  so,  as 
tiis  concise  note  says  enough  to  tantalize,  but  not 
to  satisfy.  SHEM. 

SPRINGS  (3rd  S.  v.  119.)  — It  is  submitted  with 
reference  to  the  explanation  given  of  this  word 
that,  by  "  solemn  springs,"  Collins  can  hardly  have 
intended  "  quick  and  cheerful  tunes."  And  does  not 
the  context,  and  especially  the  expression  "  dying  . 
gales"  point  rather  to  some  natural  sound  than  to 
tunes  "  on  a  musical  instrument "  ?  B. 

COLD  IN  JUNE  AND  WARMTH  AT  CHRISTMAS  (3rd 
S.  iv.  159,  295.) — Archbishop  Laud,  in  his  Diary, 
remarks,  that  June,  1632,  "  was  the  coldest  June 
clean  through  that  ever  was  felt  in  my  memory." 
The  previous  January  was  "the  extremest  wet 
and  warm  January  that  ever  was  known  in  me- 
mory." The  Christmas  of  1632  was  a  "  warm 
open"  one.  In  1635,  "the  extreain  hot  and  faint 
October  and  November,  save  three  days'  frost, 
the  dryest  and  fairest  time.  The  leaves  not  all 
off  the  trees  at  the  beginning  of  December ;  the 
waters  so  low  that  the  barges  could  not  pass. 
God  bless  us  in  the  spring,  after  this  green 
winter." 

The  following  December  he  notices  the  leaves 
being  still  on  the  elm  trees:  "Dec.  10:  that 
night  the  frost  began  ;  the  Thames  almost  frozen 
over."  W.  P. 

SAINT  SWITHIN'S  DAY  (1st  S.  xii.  137,  253  ;  2nd 
S.  xii.  188,  239.)  — 

"  1623,  July  15.  St.  Swythin :  A  very  fair  day  till  to- 
wards five  at  night.  Then  great  extremity  of  thunder 
and  lightning;  much  hurt  done.  The  lanthorn  at  St. 
James's  House  blasted;  the  vane  bearing  the  prince's 
arms  beaten  to  pieces. 

"1628,  July  15.  St.  Swithin's,  and  fair  with  us."  — 
Archbishop  Laud's  Diary." 

W.P. 

TURNSPIT  DOGS  (3rd  S.ii.  219.)  — About  twelve 
years  ago  I  dined  off  a  leg  of  lamb  at  one  of  the 
hotels  at  Caerleon,  which  I  had  seen  cooking  by 
the  aid  of  a  turnspit  dog.  The  dog  was  perched 
in  a  box  near  the  ceiling,  on  the  left  hand  side  of 
the  fire.  I  afterwards  had  the  dog  brought  into 
the  room,  and  gave  him  some  of  the  lamb  he  had 
roasted.  ALFRED  JOHN  DUNKIN. 

Dartford. 

CHARLES  HENNEBERT  (3rd  S.  v.  117.)  — He  was 
assistant  for  the  French  language  to  the  Professor 
of  Modern  History  in  this  University,  and  has 
French  poems  in  the  University  collections  on 
the  marriage  of  the  Prince  of  Orange,  1733,  and 
the  marriage  of  Frederick  Prince  of  Wales,  1736. 
C.  H,  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 


3'd  S.  V.  FEB.  20,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


165 


THE  BROAD  ARROW  (2nd  S.  xii.  346.)  — Per- 
ceiving that  you  have  not  yet  obtained  any  satis- 
factory replies  as  to  the  origin  and  first  use  of 
this  national  mark,  I  beg  to  forward  the  accom- 
panying cutting,  which  may  reopen  the  inquiry : — 

"  The  bow  and  the  arrow  were  so  nationalised  in  the 
affections  of  the  English  by  contributing  to  their  safety, 
and  ministering  to  their  pleasures,  that  these  weapons 
insensibly  became  emblems  of  the  power  and  sovereignty 
of  the  king,  who  was  the  legitimate  representative  of  the 
might  and  majesty  of  the  people.  What,  then,  more 
natural  than  that*  the  emblem  of  a  nation's  power  and 
sovereignty  should  be  used  to  identify  the  property  of 
that  nation?  And  this,  we  believe,  was  the  reason,  com- 
bined with  its  simplicity  of  form,  why  the  « broad  arrow  ' 
was  selected  in  preference  to  other  symbols  for  the  mark- 
ing of  our  national  property."  —  United  Service  Magazine, 
1863. 

W.  P. 

RICHARDSON  FAMILY  (3rd  S.  v.  72, 123.)  —  I  ob- 
served in  the  Calendar  of  Inquests  for  the  County 
of  Worcester,  one  taken  at  the  death  of  "  Conan 
Richardson,  gent,  13  Eliz."  It  will  be  found 
among  the  compotuses  of  the  Exchequer  at  the 
Public  Record  Office,  where  also  are  the  inquests 
of  William  Messy,  5  Hen.  VIII. ;  Humfry  Mey- 
sye,  Esq.,  33  Hen.  VIII.;  and  Thomas  'Meysie, 
Esq.,  8  Eliz.  Probably  these  documents  would 
supply  your  correspondent  with  some  informa- 
tion. 

There  is  no  record  of  a  grant  of  any  abbey  lands 
to  the  Richardsons;  but  the  brothers,  William 
and  Francis  Sheldon,  were  large  purchasers  of  the 
Pershore  manors.  C.  J.  R. 

SEALS  (3rd  S.  v.  117.)— Such  a  seal  as  M.M.  S. 
describes  was  found  not  long  since  near  Rich- 
mond, in  Yorkshire.  My  informant  told  me  that 
on  minute  inspection  he  discovered  a  female 
figure  in  the  sheaf  of  corn,  and  the  seal  bore  the 
suggestive  motto,  in  Norman-French,  of  "Food 
for  the  convent."  C.  J.  11. 

LEIGH  OF  YORKSHIRE  (3rd  S.  v.  116.)— AAVil- 
liam  Legh  was  an  escheator  in  Yorkshire,  15  &  16 
Hen.  VIII.,  and  in  the  latter  year  an  inquest  was 
held  before  him  on  the  death  of  a  Thomas  Leeh, 
Esq.  C.  J.  R. 

VICHY  (3rd  S.  v.  117.)  —  S.  P.  Q.  R.  can  ob- 
tain all  the  information  wanted  by  referring  to 
my  cousin's  book  — 

"Vichy  et  ses  environs  par  Louis  Piesse,  Auteur  de 
1'Itine'raire  de  I'Alge'rie.  Paris :  Librairie  de  L.  Hachette 
et  Cie,  Boulevard  St.  Germain,  77." 

CHARLES  PIESSE. 

DUROCOBRIVIS  (3rd  S.  v.  119.)  —  See  Stukeley's 
Itinerarium  Curiosum,  fol.  ed.  1724,  p.  109.  The 
Doctor  says :  — 

"From  Dunstable  the  Itinerary  (Iter  Romanian  V.) 
leads  us  out  of  the  road  going  straight  to  Verulam,  and 
takes  in  another  station  by  the  way,  Durocobrivis.  About 


this  station  antiquaries  have  been  much  divided,  when  it 
certainly  ought  to  be  placed  at  Berghamsted  (Berkhamp- 
stead)  in  Hertfordshire,  which  well  suits  the  assigned 
distances  from  Magiovinium  (Dunstable),  and  the  sub- 
sequent Verolanium,  and  has  evidently  been  a  Roman 
town,  as  its  name  imports ;  and  probably  the  caatle  there 
stands  upon  a  Roman  foundation.  'Tis  certain  Roman 
coins  are  frequently  found  there." 

Here  follows  a  description  of  the  castle  :  — 

"  This  town  fully  answers  the  distance  in  the  Itinerary, 
and  remarkably  the  import  of  the  name,  according  to  Mr. 
Baxter's  derivation,  though  he  erroneously  places  it  at 
Woburn,  civitas  paludosi  profluentis.  For  here  is  a  large 
marsh  or  bog,  wherein  the  ancient  British  oppidum  waa 
placed." 

Stukeley  considers  Maiden  Bower  undoubtedly 
a  British  work.  J.  D.  M.  K. 

BRITISH  INSTITUTION  (3rd  S.  v.  95.)  —  The 
British  Institution  was  founded  on  June  4,  1805y 
and  the  first  Exhibition  opened  January  18,  1806. 
It  was  established  for  the  exhibition  and  sale  of 
the  Works  of  Living  British  Artists,  and  still 
continues  on  the  same  principles.  I  am  going  to 
the  private  view  of  this  year's  show  to-morrow 
(Feb.  13),  and  it  will  be  opened  to  the  public  on 
Monday. 

In  the  vear  1813  the  Directors  commenced  a 
second  series  called  Summer  Exhibitions,  consist- 
ing of  the  works  of  deceased  artists ;  the  first  two 
of  which  contained  the  works  of  English  painters. 
The  first,  those  of  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds  only ;  the 
second,  those  of  Hogarth,  Zoffany,  Gainsborough, 
and  Wilson.  Subsequently,  and  up  to  that  of  last 
year  inclusive,  they  have  contained  the  best  works 
by  deceased  painters  of  all  countries,  borrowed 
from  the  Royal  and  other  collections.  I  have  a 
complete  series  of  both  these  catalogues. 

The  Spring  Exhibition  opens  generally  on  the 
second  Monday  in  February,  and  the  summer  one 
on  the  second  Monday  in  June. 

WM.  SMITH. 

ELEANOR  D'OLBREUSE  (3rd  S.  v.  11.)  — Her 
parentage  and  the  descent  of  her  family  (the  Des- 
miers,  Seigneurs  d'Olbreuse)  is  given  in  Diction- 
naire  de  la  Noblesse,  par  de  la  Chenaye  des  Bois, 
vol.  v.  pp.  581-2,  4to,  Paris,  1782.  FARNHAM. 

RESURRECTION  GATE  (3rd  S.  v.  68.)  —  DR.  RIM- 
BAULT  asks  for  the  meaning  of  the  inscription 
"A.  P.  3° "  in  the  carving  upon  the  Resurrection 
Gate,  St.  Giles's-in-the-Fields.  It  is  agreed  that 
this  carving  was  executed  in  the  year  1687,  which 
was  the  third  year  of  James  41.  I  think,  there- 
fore, we  may  reasonably  conclude  that  the  pre- 
sent P.  was  originally  an  R.,  which  has  had  the 
misfortune  to  be  decaudated;  and  we  may  then 
read  "  Anno  Regis  tertio."  E.  V. 

NEWHAVEN  IN  FRANCE  (3rd  S.  v.  116.) — In 
former  times  Cape  la  Hogue  was  often  called  New- 
haven  by  the  English.  A  WYKEHAMIST. 


166 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  FEB.  20,  '64 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

The  Works  of  William  Shakspeare.  The  Text  revised  by 
the  Rev.  Alexander  Dyce.  In  Eight  Volumes.  Vol.  II. 
Second  Edition.  (Chapman  &  Hall.) 
This  second  volume  of  Mr.  Dyce's  revised  edition  of 
Shakspeare  contains,  The  Comedy  o£Errors;  Much  Ado 
about  Nothing-,  Love's  Labour's  Lost;  A  Midsummers 
Night's  Dream ;  and  The  Merchant  of  Venice ;  and  is 
characterised  by  the  same  evidences  of  sound  scholarship 
and  familiarity  with  the  writings  of  the  contemporaries 
of  our  great  dramatist,  which  we  have  already  noticed, 
as  distinguishing  Mr.  Dyce's  labours  as  an  editor.  We 
think  the  volume  before  us  furnishes  unmistakeable  evi- 
dence that,  as  he  warms  to  his  work,  Mr.  Dyce  is-  dis- 
posed to  exercise  greater  boldness  in  recognising  and 
adopting  suggested  amendments  of  obscure  passages,  let 
the  originators  of  such  suggestions  be  who  they  may. 
And  he  is  right  in  so  doing.  But  we  wish  that  in  cor- 
recting the  errors,  or  what  he  considers  the  errors  of 
others,  he  would  consider  what  is  due  to  his  own  posi- 
tion in  the  world  of  Shakspearian  criticism;  and  not 
descend,  as  we  regret  to  find  he  is  too  frequently  disposed 
to  do,  to  speak  slightingly,  and  sometimes  contemptu- 
ously, of  the  labours  of  those  who  are  engaged  like  him- 
self in  the  endeavour  to  make  as  perfect  as  possible  a  text 
of  the  writings  of  Shakspeare.  The  day  when  we  shall 
gee  such  a  text  is  not,  we  think,  far  distant ;  and  to  none 
of  the  many  who  have  devoted  themselves  to  the  attain- 
ment of  this  great  result  will  the  thanks  of  the  admirers 
of  the  great  bard  be  more  justly  due,  than  to  the  accom- 
plished editor  of  the  volume  which  has  called  forth  these 
remarks. 

Leechdoms,  Wortcunning,  and  Starcraft  of  Early  Eng- 
land; being  a  Collection  of  Documents,  for  the  most  part 
never  before  printed,  illustrating  the  History  of  Science  in 
this  Country  before  the  Norman  Conquest.  Collected  and 
edited  by  The  Rev.  Oswald  Cockayne,  M.A.  (Vol.  I.) 
Published  under  the  Direction  of  the  Master  of  the 
Rolls.  (Longman.) 

While  the  majority  of  the  books  which  have  as  yet 
been  printed  by  the  authority  of  the  Treasury,  and  under 
the  direction  of  the  Master  of  the  Rolls,  treat  of  the  acts 
and  doings  of  the  people  of  England  and  of  their  rulers, 
the  present  volume  is  altogether  of  a  different  character, 
and  is  a  contribution  —  and  a  most  valuable  one — to  our 
knowledge  of  what  the  people  thought  and  believed  in 
the  earlier  periods  of  our  history.  We  have  here  most 
curious  and  interesting  specimens  of  the  botanical  and 
medical  knowledge  of  the  Anglo-Saxons ;  their  belief  in 
charms  and  amulets ;  their  magical  and  mystical  prac- 
tices; and  in  the  very  learned  Preface  by  which  the 
Editor  introduces  the  Saxon  Herbarium,  Leechdoms,  and 
Charms,  which  are  here  printed,  he  investigates  how  far 
our  ancestors  had  a  knowledge  of  their  own  of  the  kinds 
and  powers  of  plants,  and  how  far  they  had  acquired 
such  knowledge  from  a  study  of  Greek  and  Latin  writers 
The  book  before  us  is  one  which  will  excite  as  much  in- 
terest in  Germany  as  in  this  country,  for  in  throwing 
light  upon  the  Folk  Lore  of  England,  it  illustrates  tha 
of  our  Teutonic  brethren;  and  certainly,  the  present 
volume  does  throw  considerable  light  upon  the  knowledge 
the  superstitions,  and  we  may  add  also,  upon  the  Ian 
guage  of  our  forefathers. 

Hand- Book  of  the  Cathedrals  of  England.     Western  Divi 
vision :  Bristol,  Gloucester,  Hereford,    Worcester,  Lich 
field.     With  Illustrations.     (Murray.) 
This  new  contribution  to  a  pictorial  history,  in  a  mo 

derate    compass,    of    those    magnificient    specimens    of 


cclesiastical  architecture  -—  our  cathedrals  —  will  be  wel- 
ome  to  many  classes  of  readers,  as  well  as  to  all  those 
./ho  delight,  like  Browne  Willis,  in  visiting  these  monu- 
ments of  the  piety  and  skill  of  our  forefathers.    The  five 
athedrals  described  in  the  present  volume  have  all  un- 
ergone  extensive  restoration  and  repair  during  the  last 
.ve  years ;  and  the  editor  of  the  work  before  us  has  had 
tie  advantage,  not  only  of  the  recent  writings  of  Professor 
illis,  Mr.  Godwin,  and  Mr.  Bloxam  on  subjects  coll- 
ected with  it,  but  the  book  has  received  revision  from 
lie  various  distinguished  professional  men,  who  have  been 
ngaged  in  restoring  those  cathedrals  to  their  ancient 
eauty.     The  work  is  illustrated  with  some  exquisite 
wood-cuts,  and  forms  an  indispensable  hand-book  to  an- 
iquaries,  and  art-students  about  to  visit  and  examine  the 
western  cathedrals  of  England. 

Debrett's  Illustrated  Peerage  and  Baronetage  of  the  United 
Kingdom  of  Great  Britain  and  Ireland,  1864.     (Bos- 
worth  &  Harrison.) 
This  is  indeed  an  old  friend  with  a  new  face ;  for  pebrett 

was  for  years  the,  if  not  the  only,  Peerage  the  fashionable 

world  consulted.    The  present  is,  we  believe,  the  cheapest 
nd  most  compact  Peerage  which  contains  the  engraved 

arms  of  the  Peers. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
he  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
Li-esses  are  given  for  that  purpose:  — 
NEWES  FROM  FOWLES,  &c.    One  sheet  quarto.    1649.      • 

Wanted  by  Mr.  Robert  Morris,  Richmond  House,  Boughton, 
Chester. 


DODSLEY'S    OLD    PLAYS.     Vols.  H.  and  HI.     Edition   of  Septimus 
Prowett,  1825-7,  in  12  vols. 

Wanted  by  Dr.  Ditchfield,  12,  Taviton  Street,  Gordon  Square. 

BBRRY'S  KENT  PEDIGREES.    Folio. 
Wanted  by  Mr.  J.  J.  Howard,  4,  Ashburnham  Terrace,  Greenwich. 

BLOMFISLD'S  NORFOLK.    Vol.  VIII.    Perkins's  8vo  edition. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  Geo.  Back,  London  Street,  Norwich. 


THB  MISLETOB  BOUGH.  There  are  many  traditions,  both  in  tint 
country  and  on  the  continent,  similar  to  that  on  which  this  ballad  u 
founded. 

G.  M.  C.  (Chelmsford.)  //  our  Correspondent  will  communicate  with 
our  Publisher,  he  will  probably  be  able  to  supply  the  missing  Number* 
and  Indexes. 

A.  B.  will  find  the  line  - 

"When  Greek  joins  Greek,  then  comes  the  tug  of  war  " 
in  Nat.  Lee's  Alexander  the  Great. 

LIBYA.  We  cannot  discover  in  any  list  of  the  saints  the  names  of  St. 
Eomolo,  St.  Remigio,  and  St.  Bacco.  Our  Correspondent,  however,  may 
consult  Dr.  Conyers  Middteton's  Letter  from  Rome,  edit.  1741,  pp. 
164-169;  together  with  A  Plain  Answer  to  Dr.  Middleton's  Letter,  8vo, 
1741  Consult  also  the  Rev.  T.  Seward's  work,  The  Conformity  between 
Popery  and  Paganism,  8vo,  1746. 

O.XONIENSIS.  The  inscription  on  the  pedestal  at  Mortimer's  Cross  it 
printed  in  The  Beauties  of  England  and  Wales,  vi.  560. 


J.  S.  (Birmingham.)    Boosy,  intoxicated, 


the  French 

boisson,  drink,  potation.  >In  Fleming's  French  Dictionary,  we  read 
of"Boissonp6lusitnne  (nom  yueportait  autrefois  la  6#re),"  beer. 

EMMA  LANCASTER  will  find  a  diverting  account  of  the  Ladies  Law  of 
Leap  rear  in  our  2nd  S.  i.  9. 

THOMAS  DRY.  The  extract  from  Barbier  on  Crinolines  in  Paris  ap- 
peared in  our  3rd  S.  iii.  23. 

"NOTES  AND  QUERIES  "  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  to, 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publisher  (including  the  ttalj- 
yearly  INDEX)  is  lls.  4d.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order, 
payable  at  the  Strand  Post  Office,  in  favour  of  WILLIAM  G.  SMITH,  32, 
WELLI.NOTON  STREET,  STRAND,  W.C.,  to  whom  all  COMMUXICATIONS  FOR 
THE  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 

"  NOTES  &  QUERIES  "  is  registered  for  transmission  abroad 


3«-d  S.  V.  FEB.  20,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

WESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

f  V     AND  METROPOLITAN  COUNTIES  LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHWF  OFFICM  :  S,  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 
"/IKING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 

Directors. 

H  E.  Bicknell,  Esq.  I    The  Hon.  R.  E.Howard,  D.C.L. 

T.  Somers  Cocks,  Esq.,  M.A,, J.P. 
Geo.  H.  Drew,  Esq.,  M.A. 
John  Fisher,  Esq. 


James  Hunt,  Esq. 
John  Leigh,  Esq. 


W.  Freeman,  Esq. 
Charles  Frere,  Esq. 
Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 


Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.B.  Marson,Esq. 
E.  VansittartNeale,  E8q.,M.A. 

Snamy  Price,  Esq.,M.A. 
*.  Lys  Seager,  Esq. 
Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 
John  B.  White,  Esq. 


enry     .  ,         . 

3.  H.  Goodhart.Esq.,  J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,M.P. 

Peter  Hood,  Esq. 

Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary  —  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society's  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Rates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persona  entering 
within  tae  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MEDICAL  MEN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHARGE  MADE  FOR  POLICY  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal.  __ 

Now  ready,  price  14«. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 

O  S  T  E  O      E  I  D  O  W. 

'_^  Patent,  March  1,  1862,  No.  560. 

/GABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH    and 

\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 

MESSES.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD  ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 
27,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London; 

134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "  Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth.      Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 

CHRISTENING     PRESENTS    in    SILVER.— 

\J  MAPPIN  BROTHERS  beg  to  call  attention  to  their  Extensive 
Collection  of  New  Designs  in  sterling  SILVER  CHRISTENING 
PRESENTS.  Silver  Cups,  beautifully  chased  and  engraved,  3Z.,  31.  10s., 
4L,  51..  52.  10s.  each,  according  to  size  and  pattern;  Silver  Sets  of  Knife, 
,  and  Spoon,  in  Cases,  ll.ls.,  \l.  10s.,  2Z.,  2Z.  10s.,  3Z.  3s.,  4Z.  4s.; 


Fork 
Silve 


,  ,     ..,     .       .,     .,      .       .,     .      .,      .      . 

ver  Basin  and  Spoon,  in  handsome  Cases,  4Z.  4*.,  6Z.  6s.,  8Z.  8s., 
10Z.  10s  —  MAPPIN  BROTHERS,  Silversmiths,  67  and  68  .King  Wil- 
liam Street,  London  Bridge  ;  and  222,  Regent  Street,  W.  Established 
in  Sheffield  A.D.  1810. 


H 


THE  PRETTIEST  GIFT  for  a  LADY  is  one  of 
JONES'S  GOLD  LEVERS,  at  111.  11s.    For  a  GENTLEMAN 
one  at  10Z.  10s.    Rewarded  at  the  International  Exhibition  for  "  Cheap- 
ness of  Production." 

Manufactory,  338,  Strand,  opposite  Somerset  House. 

OLLOWAY'S  PILLS.  — REMARKABLE  RE- 

CO  VERY. -Mr.  Gamis,  Chemist,  Yeovil,  writes  that  a  Lady 
Mungin  that  town  had  for  many  years  been  severely  suffering  from 
indigestion  and  liver  complaint:  for  the  relief  of  which  her  medical 
man  told  her  he  could  do  nothing  further.  Unnerved  by  this  announce- 
ment, she  sought  sympathy  from  friends,  one  of  whom  recommended 
.olloway's  Pills,  which  were  at  once  procured.    The  invalid,  carefully 
iding  to  the  accompanying  directions,  took  the  Pills,  and  soon 
;ivcd  a  change,  which  equally  astonished  and  delighted  her.    She 
jally  pot  quite  well.    Pains  in  the  side,  heaviness  in  the  head, 
confusion  of  thou-ht,  giddiness,  low  spirits,  and  many  other  sufferings 
h "this i  ref  df  ^180rdered  liver' can  "*  °«Pelled  with  ease  and  certainty 


XTORTH  BRITISH  AND  MERCANTILE 

1>  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

Established  1809. 
Incorporated  by  Royal  Charter  and  Special  Acts  of  Parliament. 

Accumulated  and  Invested  Funds 42.182,828 

Annual  Revenue 4422,401 


LONDON  BOARD. 

JOHN  WHITE  CATER,  Esq.,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  MORRISON,  Esq.,  Deputy-Chairman- 

John  Mollett,  Esq. 
Junius  S.  Morgan,  Esq. 
G.  Garden  Nicol,  Esq. 


A.  De  Arroyave,  Esq. 
Edward  Cohen,  Esq. 
James  Du  Buisson,  Esq. 
P.  Du  Pr£  Grenfell,  Esq. 
A.  Klockmann,  Esq. 


John  H.  Wm.  Schroder,  Esq. 
George  Young,  Esq. 

Ex-DlRECTORS. 

I  P.P.Ralli.Esq. 

Cavan.Esq.     "  I  Robert  Smith,  Esq. 

Frederic  Somes,  Esq. 

,  Whyting. 
I.  Burnett. 


A.  H.  Campbell,  Esq. 


FIRE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  Company  grants  Insurances  against  Fire  in  the  United  King- 
dom, and  all  Foreign  Countries. 

Mercantile  risks  in  the  Port  of  London  accepted  at  reduced  rates. 
Losses  promptly  and  liberally  settled. 

Foreign  Risks.  —  The  Directors  having  a  practical  knowledge  of 
Foreign  Countries  are  prepared  to  issue  Policies  on  the  most  favour- 
able terms.  In  all  cases  a  discount  will  be  allowed  to  Merchants  and 
others  effecting  such  insurances. 

LIFE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  following  Statement  exhibits  the  improvement  effected  during 
the  last  few  years :-   ___.. 
No.  of  Policies 

issued. 

1858  455 

1859 


1862 


7-11 

785 

1,037 


£. 

377,425 
449,913 
475,649 
527,626 
768,334 


Premiums. 

£.     s.  d. 

12,565  18    8 

14,070    1     6 


14,071  17    7 
0    0 


16,553 
23,641 

Thus  in  five  years  the  number  of  Policies  issued  was  3,623,  assuring 
the  large  sum  or  2,928,947Z. 

The  leading  features  of  the  Office  are  :— 

1.  Entire  Security  to  Assurers. 

2.  The  large  Bonus  Additions  already  declared,  and  the  prospect  of  a 
further  Bonus  at  the  next  investigation. 

3.  The  advantages  afforded  by  the  varied  Tables  of  Premiums—  unre- 
stricted conditions  of  Policies—  and  general  liberality  in  dealing  with 

Form"  of  Proposal  and  every  information  will  be  furnished  on  appli- 
cation at  the 

Head  Offices  :  LONDON  ..........  58,  Threadneedle  Street. 

4,  New  Bank-  buildings. 
EDINBURGH  ......  64,  Princes  Street. 

WEST-END  OFFICE  :  8,  WATERLOO-PLACE,  Pall  Mall. 

DIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

MAGNOLIA,  WHITE  ROSE,  FRANGIPANNI,  GERA- 
NIUM? PATCHOULY,  EVER-SWEET,  MEW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1  ,000  others.  2s.  6d.  each.-2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 


PRIZE  MEDAL  AWARDED. 
TOULMEIW    AXTD     G.&.X.E, 

DESPATCH  BOX,  DRESSING  CASE,  AND  TRAVELLING 
BAG  MAKERS, 

7,  NEW  BOND  STREET,  W., 

AND  SISE  LANE,  CITY  (NEAR  MANSION  HOUSE). 

(Established  1735.) 


SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 
"THE    ONLY    GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERRINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
should  see  that  LEA  &  PERRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 
Bottle,  and  Stopper. 
ASK  FOB  LEA.  AND  PERRINS'  SAUCE. 

tors,  Worcester; 
AY  and 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  FEB.  20,  '64. 


•WORKS   BY  THE  REV.  DR.  GOUXBTTRW. 

THE  OFFICE  of  the  HOLY  COMMUNION  in 

L  the  BOOK  of  COMMON  PRAYER ;  a  Series  of  Lectures  de- 
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Edition,  in  One  Volume,  uniform  with  "Thoughts  on  Personal  Re- 

n. 
THOUGHTS  on  PERSONAL  RELIGION,  being 

"realise  on  the  Christian  Life  in  its  Two  Chief  Elements,  Devotion 
Practice.    Fifth  Edition.    Small  8vo.    6s.  6ef. 

III. 

SERMONS  preached  on  Different  Occasions 
during  the  last  Twenty  Years.  Second  Edition.  2  Vols.  Small  8vo. 
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The  IDLE  WORD  :  Short  Religious  Essays  upon 

the  Gift  of  Speech,  and  its  Employment  in  Conversation.     Second 
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A   MANUAL   of  CONFIRMATION.      Fourth 

Edition.    Is.  6d.  yi 

An  INTRODUCTION  to  the  DEVOTIONAL 

STUDY  of  the  HOLY  SCRIPTURES.     Sixth  Edition.    Small  8vo. 
(/» the  Press.)  .^^ 

The  INSPIRATION  of  the  HOLY  SCRIP- 
TURES. New  Edition.  (In  Preparation.) 

vin. 

FAMILY  PRAYERS,  arranged  on  the  Litur- 
gical Principle.  New  Edition.  Small  8vo.  3s. 

RIVINGTONS,  London  and  Oxford. 

DEAN  ALFORD  ON  THE  NEW  TESTAMENT. 

T1HE  GREEK  TESTAMENT ;  with  a  Critically 

L    revised  Text :  a  Digest  of  Various  Readings:  Margina' 
to  Verbal  and  Idiomatic  U 


Terbal  and  Idiomatic  Usage  :  Prolegomena  :  a: 
and  Exegetical  Commentary  in  English.  For  thi 
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"  We  recommend  Mr.  Beale's  book  to  all  who  wisely  prefer  preven- 
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HARRISONS,  59,  Pall  Mall. 

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rTHE  COINS  OF   THE   ANCIENT  BRITONS. 

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OOYER'S  MODERN  HOUSEWIFE.    Comprising 

O  Receipts  for  the  Economic  and  Judicious  Preparation  of  every  Meal 
of  the  day,  and  for  the  Nursery  and  Sick  Room.  By  the  late  ALEXIS 
SOYER.  With  Illustrations  on  Wood,  &c. 

"  Should  be  in  the  hands  of  every  keeper  of  a  kitchen  and  larder  in 
the  kingdom."— Lancet. 

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LIFE 

OP 

MARY    QUEEN   OF   SCOTS. 

BY  AGNES  STRICKLAND, 

Author  of  "  Lives  of  the  Queens  of  England,"  &c. 
WILLIAM  BLACKWOOD  &  SONS,  Edinburgh  and  London. 


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FOB 

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"  When  found,  make  a  note  of." — CAPTAIN  CUTTLE. 


No.  113. 


SATURDAY,  FEBRUARY  27,  1864. 


Price  Fourpence. 
Stamped  Edition,  Sd. 


THE     ARCHITECTURAL    MUSEUM, 
SOUTH  KENSINGTON  MUSEUM,  W. 

Session  1864. 

The  following  LECTURES  will  be  delivered  in  the  Theatre  of  the 
SOUTH  KENSINGTON  MUSEUM :- 

Tuesday,  March  1. 

The  Influence  of  Local  Scenery  on  Local  Architecture. 
By  the  Rev.  J.  M.  Neale,  M.A. 

Tuesday,  March  15. 
Distribution  of  Prizes  to  Art-  Workmen,  with  an  Address  on  the 

Position  of  the  Art- Workman. 
By  A.  J.  B.  Beresford  Hope,  Esq.  M.A.,  D.C.L.,  President. 

Tuesday,  March  29. 

Early  Brickwork  in  England. 

By  the  Rev.  E.  L.  Cults,  M.A. 

Tuesday,  April  12. 
Judging  from  the  Past  and  Present,  what  are  the  Prospects  for  good 

Architecture  in  London  ? 
By  His  Eminence  Cardinal  Wiseman. 

Tuesday,  April  26. 

The  Interior  of  a  Gothic  Minster. 

By  the  Rev.  Mackenzie  E.  C.  Walcott,  M.A.,  F.S.A. 

Tuesday,  May  10. 
The  Monumental  Architecture  and  Sculpture  of  this  Country 

during  the  Middle  Ages. 
By  M.  H.  Bloxham,  Esq.,  Hon.  Local'Sec. 

Tuesday,  May  24. 

Painted  Glass  in  its  Connexion  with  Architecture. 
By  the  Rev.  G.  Ayliffe  Poole,  M.A. 

Tuesday,  June  7. 

The  Medieval  Houses  of  the  City  of  Wells. 
By  J.  H.  Parker,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  Hon.  Local  Sec. 

The  Chair  will  be  taken  each  Evening  at  Eight  o'clock  precisely. 

The  particulars  of  the  PRIZES  to  ART- WORKMEN  for  1864  will 
shortly  be  announced. 

Art- Workmen  may  apply  for  Cards  of  Admission  by  letter,  addressed 
to  JOSEPH  CLARK K,  ESQ.,  at  13,  Stratford  Place,  W.,  and  personally  at 
the  Offices  of  The  Builder,  York  Street,  Covent  Garden,  and  Building 
News,  166,  Fleet  Street. 

A.  J.  B.  BERESFORD  HOPE,  President. 
GEORGE  GILBERT  SCOTT,  Treasurer. 

Feb.  1864.  JOSEPH  CLARKE,  Hon.  Sec. 

TERMS  of  SUBSCRIPTIONS  to  the  Architectural  Museum,  in- 
cluding Admission  to  the  whole  of  the  Collections  in  the  South  Ken- 
sington Museum : 

Members— (including  Orders  for  admitting  Visitors  or  Art- Workmen, 
and  additional  Cards  for  Lectures'*,  II.  Is.  per  annum,  or  a  Life  Subscrip- 
tion of  \Ql.  10s.;  Students,  10s.  per  Annum;  Art- Workmen,  5s.  per 
Annum. 

Full  particulars  may  be  had  on  application  to  the  Honorary  Secre- 
tary. 

THE  ART-JOURNAL  (price    2s.  Gd.    Monthly). 
The  March  Number  contains  an  interesting  critical  and  descriptive 
account  of  the  Pictures  now  exhibiting  at  the  British  Institution,  by  a 
well-informed  writer  on  Art.    The  Line  Engravings  in  the  Part  are  :— 
'The  Crossing-Sweeper,'  by  C.  W.  Sharp,  after  W.  P.  Frith,  R.A.; 
The  Bay  of  Bai».'  by  R.  Brandard,  after  J.  M.  W.  Turner,  R.A. ; 
The  Infant  Moses,'  by  J.  H.  Baker,  from  the  group  by  B.  E.  Spence. 
The  literary  contributions  include  :_'  William  Mulready,'  a  short  ac- 
count of  his  Life  and  Works,  illustrated  with  examples  of  his  paintings, 
by  James  Dafforne;  '  Almanac  of  the  Month,'  from  Designs  by  W. 
e^^V  i.1Iu8tr'lted  i  !  History  of  Caricature  and  of  Grotesque  in  Art,' 
by  T.  WruAt.  M.A.,  illustrated  ;  '  Art- Work  in  March.'  by  the  Rev. 
J.  G.  Wo4*M.A.j  VA.  Day  for  J.  D.  Harding ;  '  '  The  Revival  of  Art 
cm 


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•     SECOND-HAND  BOOKS,  may  be  obtained  Gratis,  or  Post 
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W 


NEW  MEMBERS  OF  THE  ARUNDEL  SOCIETY. 

rTHE   FIRST    ANNUAL  REVISION  OF   THE 

_L  NEW  LISTS  took  place  on  February  11.  Seventy-five  ASSOCIATES 
having  then  been  declared  admissible  to  the  Class  of  SUBSCRIBERS,  those 
first  on  the  List  have  been  invited  by  circular  to  take  up  the  right  of 
subscription  on  or  before  May  11. 

JOHN  NORTON,  Hon.  Sec. 
24,  Old  Bond  Street,  London. 


DRAWINGS  FROM  ANCIENT  ITALIAN  FRESCOES. 

WATER-COLOUR  COPIES  OF  SIX  GRAND 
SUBJECTS  from  the  LIFE  OF  S.  AUGUSTIN,  by  BENOZZO 
GOZZOLI.and  of  two  masterpieces  of  RAFFAELLE  in  the  Stanze 
of  the  Vatican,  have  lately  been  added  to  the  Collection  of  the  ARUN 
DEL  SOCIETY.  The  Exhibition  is  open  to  the  Public f  gratuitously 
from  10  till  5. 

Lists  of  Publications  on  Sale,  Copies  of  the  Rules,  and  any  needful 
information,  may  be  obtained  from  the  Assistant  Secretary 

JOHN  NORTON,  Hon.  Sec. 
24,  Old  Bond  Street,  London. 


c 


RYSTAL  PALACE  PICTURE  GALLERY  — 

,  THE  VICTORIA  CROSS  GALLERY,  painted  by  L.  W.  De- 
sanges,  having  been  sold  to  Harry  Wood,  Esq.,  of  Leeds,  it  will  only 
remain  open  to  the  public  for  a  few  weeks  longer.  The  Directors  offer 

TWO  HUNDRED  GUINEAS 

as  Prizes  for  the  best  Pictures  sent  for  Exhibition  in  April  next ;  the 
Pictures  now  on  view  will  then  be  replaced  by  New  Works  ;  the  pre- 
sent is  therefore  a  favourable  opportunity  for  purchasers  to  make  a 
selection.  The  conditions  of  competition  may  be  obtained  from  Mr.  C 
W.  W  ASS,  Superintendent  of  the  Gallery. 


Crystal  Palace,  February  15th. 


By  order,  G.  GROVE,  Secretary. 


F 


RASER'S    MAGAZINE  for    MARCH. 

Price  2s.  6d. 


CONTENTS  :  — 


Village  Life  in  Oudh,  II._Birth8, 
Marriages,  Deaths,  and  •  Wolf- 
Boys.' 

Jem  Nash,  the  Dull  Boy. 

The  Gladiators. 

Land  Tenure  Question. 

The  Parish  Priest. 


The  Congress  Correspondence. 

A  Campaigner  at  Home.  III._Me- 

morial  Poetry — An  Essay  by  the 

Doctor. 

Hades.    By  Frances  Power  Cobbe. 
The  Song  of  the  Little  Baltung. 
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167 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  FEBRUARY?!,  1864. 


CONTENTS. —No.  113. 

NOTES  :  — The  Word  "Pamphlet,"  its  Etymology  and  Sig- 
nification, 167  —  Sir  John  Moore's  Monument,  169  —  Pas- 
ticcio Operas,  Ib.  —  The  Passing  Bell  of  St.  Sepulchre's  — 
Suicides  —  A  Genuine  Centenarian  —  Colborne :  Lords 
Seaton  and  Colborne —  Eels :  "  Queasy,"  170. 

QUERIES:  —  Picture  of  the  Battle  of  Agincourt  —  "  Albu- 
mazar,"  by  Tomkis  —  Ancient  Bell-founders  —  Booth  of 
Gildresome  —  Bronza  Statues  at  Grantham  —  Comic  Songs 
Translated  —  "  Dictionary  of  Coins  "  —  William  Dudgeon 

—  "An  Eastern  King's  Device "  —  Fletcher's  Arithmetic 
—John  Goody er — Heming  of  Worcester  —  The  Homilies 

—  Horace,  Ode  xiii.  —  Invention  of  Iron  Defences  —  Jere- 
miah  Horrocks,  the   Astronomer  —  Mediaeval   Churches 
within  the  Boundaries  of  Roman  Camps  —  Milborne  Fa- 
mily—  Hannah  More's  Dramas,  &c.,  171. 

QUEKIES  WITH  ANSWERS :  —  Ivanhoe :  Waverley— Lord 
Glenbervie  —  "  Officina  Gentium  "  —  "  In  the  Midst  of  Life 
we  are  in  Death,"  &c.  —  Endymion  Porter,  176. 

EEPLIES :  —  Cromwell's  Head,  178  —  The  Danish  Right  of 
Succession,  181  —  Situation  of  Zoar  —  Architects  of  Per- 
shore  and  Salisbury  —  Stamp  Duty  on  Painters'  Canvass 

—  Poor  Cock  Robin's  Death  —  Longevity  of  Clergymen  — 
Fowls  with  Human  Remains  —  Alfred  Bunn  —  Msevius 

—  Hyla  Holden  —  Quotations  wanted  —  Sidesmen  —  Col- 
kitto  —  Twefth  Day :    Song  of  the  Wren  —  Natter  —  Lines 
attributed  to  Kemble  —  Order  of  the  Cockle  in  France  — 
Baptismal  Names  —  The  Sidney  Postage  Stamp  —  Sir 
Walter  Raleigh  —  John  Frederick  Lampe  —  Curious  Essex 
Saying  —  Private   Soldier  —  An  early  Stamford]  Seal  — 
Epitaph  on  the  Earl  of  Leicester,  181. 

Notes  on  Books.  &c. 


THE  WORD  "PAMPHLET,"  ITS  ETYMOLOGY 
AND  SIGNIFICATION. 

A  good  deal  has  been  already  said  in  ^  these 
pages  as  to  the  origin  of  this  word  ;  but  it  has 
not  struck  me  that  any  improvement  has  been 
made  upon  the  conjectural  derivations  of  Minsheu, 
Myles  Davies,  Oldys,  and  other  etymologists.  I 
have  no  suggestion  myself  to  make  upon  the  point, 
and  purpose  to  confine  my  illustrations  to  the 
former  and  present  signification  of  the  word.  I 
cannot,  however,  refrain  from  availing  myself  of 
the  opportunity  to  enter  my  protest  against  the 
"par  un  filet"  theory, — the  last,  I  think,  pro- 
pounded. Nothing  indeed  appears  to  me  more 
improbable  than  that  a  printed  sheet,  or  sheets, 
however  attached  together,  should  be  so  termed 
in  French :  except  that  we  should  have  adopted 
and  corrupted  the  term,  while  the  original  inven- 
tors should  have  so  forgotten  it  as  to  style  it 
"mot  Anglais,"  from  the  Manuel  Lexique,  1755, 
to  the  last  edition  of  the  Diet,  de  V Academic. 

If  I  am  compelled  to  adopt  a  foreign  etymology, 
I  should  certainly  prefer  to  derive  it  from  the  old 
French  word  pnlme,  a  palm,  or  hand's  breadth  ; 
and  feuillet,  a  little  sheet :  this  being  the  deriva- 
tion assigned  by  the  careful  Pegge,  whose  remarks 
upon  the  subject  (Anonymiana,  cent.  1,  xxvi.) 
may  be  well  referred  to,  as  valuable  in  themselves 
and  illustrating  the  art  of  saying  much  in  a  few 
words. 


Perhaps  an  earlier  instance  of  the  use  of  the 
word  cannot  be  adduced  than  that  in  the  Philo- 
biblon  of  Richard  de  Bury,  written  in  the  four- 
teenth century.  Describing  in  eloquent  terms 
his  ardour  as  a  book-collector,  and  his  intense 
love  for  the  objects  of  his  darling  pursuit,  he 
exclaims :  — - 

"  Sed  revera  libros  non  libras  maluimus,  Codicesque 
plusquam  florenos,  ac  pampletns  exiguos  incrussatis  prse- 
tuliinus  palafridis."  —  MS.  Harl,  fol.  86  a;  MS.  Cott., 
fol.  Ill  a. 

Here  the  learned  Bishop  of  Durham  probably 
Latinised  a  word  already  in  colloquial  use  ;  for  I 
do  not  recollect  another  instance  of  its  occurrence 
in  mediaeval  Latin,  and  it  will  be  sought  for  in 
vain  in  the  Lexicons  of  Ducange  and  Charpen- 
tier.  A  century  and  a  half  later,  the  word  is 
used  in  its  English  form  by  Caxton  in  his  Boke 
of  Eneydos,  compyled  by  Vyrgile  .  .  .  translated 
oute  of  Latine  into  Frenshe,  and  oute  of  Frenshe, 
reduced  into  Englysshe,  fyc.,  folio,  1490  :  — 

"  After  dyverse  Werkes  made,  translated,  and  achieved, 
having  noo  werke  in  hande ;  I,  sittyng  in  my  Studye, 
whereas  laye  many  dyverse  Paunflettis  and  Bookis,"  &c. 

It  is  evident  that  in  these  cases  the  word  is 
used  in  contradistinction  to  book,  as  denoting 
simply  the  comparative  size  of  the  document, 
without  any  reference  to  its  kind.  The  word, 
indeed,  was  necessary,  as  the  term  "  tract,"  which 
we  now  use  in  a  similar  sense,  though  especially 
with  a  religious  signification,  was  then  applied  to  a 
treatise  of  whatever  size  or  character  it  might  be. 
Thus  Wooldridge,  in  the  preface  to  his  Systema 
Agriculture,  1681  (a  folio  volume  of  more  than  400 
pages),  speaks  of  the  "succeeding  tract,'" — just  as 
a  posthumous  volume  of  Dr.  Thomas  Brown  is 
entitled  by  its  editor, "  Certain  Miscellany  Tracts" 
For  this  simple  signification  of  the  word  pamphlet, 
Oldys  contends,  in  the  curious  "  Dissertation  on 
Pamphlets,"  which  he  contributed  to  Morgan's 
Phoenix  Britannicus :  — 


Panegyric,  of  itself.  Is  neither  Good  nor  Bad,  Learned 
nor  Illiterate,  True  nor  False,  Serious  nor  Jocular,  of  its 
own  naked  Meaning  or  Construction;  but  is  either  of 
them,  according  as  the  Subject  makes  the  Distinction. 
Thus  of  scurrilous  and  abusive  Pamphlets,  to  be  burned 
in  1647,  we  read  in  Eushworth ;  and  by  the  name  of 
Pamphlet  is  the  Encomium  of  Queen  Emma  called  in 
HoWnshed."  (P.  554.) 

But  Oldys,  when  thus  contending  for  the  simple 
meaning  of  the  word,  must  have  been  aware  of  its 
tendency  to  acquire  a  more  complex  signification, 
and  that  it  had  come  to  denote  the  kind,  as  well 
as  the  size  of  the  work ;  or  perhaps,  indeed,  the 
first  without  regard  to  the  latter.  Thus,  as  Dr. 
Nott  has  remarked  in  his  notes  to  Dekker,  this 
word,  now  applied  almost  exclusively  to  a  prose 
work,  seems  to  have  become  significant  of  a 


168 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Od  S.  V.  FEB.  27,  '64. 


poetical  one.  Thus,  Bishop  Hall,  in  his  Satires 
(1597),  has  :  — 

«  Yet  when  he  hath  my  crabbed  Pamphlet  read, 
As  oftentimes  as  Philip  hath  been  dead." 

Virgedemiarum,  Sat.  I.  book  iv. 

And  Marston :  — 

"  These  notes  were  better  sung  'mong  better  sort, 
But  to  my  pamphlet  few,  save  fools,  resort." 

Scourge  of  Villany,  Sat.  iv.  book  i. 

While  Robert  Armin,  in  the  "Address  to  the 
Reader,"  prefixed  to  his  curious  poem,  The  Italian 
Taylor  and  his  Boy  (1609),  says  :  — 

«  I  have  to  thy  pleasure,  and  my  no  great  profite, 
written  this  Pamphlet,  onely  my  adventure  in  presuming 
into  the  hands  of  so  noble  a  Patron,"  &c. 

But,  a  century  and  a  half  later,  the  word  seems 
to  have  become  significant  of  political  treatises 
especially,  in  a  much  more  definite  sense  than  it  is 
at  present  used.  Thus,  Dr.  Johnson  says  of 
Swift :  — 

"  He  entered  upon  the  clerical  state  with  hopes  to  ex- 
cel in  preaching;  but  complained  that,  from  the  time 
of  his  political  controversies,  'he  could  only  preach 
pamphlets:  "—Lives  of  the  Poets  (Swift). 

While  Harris,  giving  the  word  an  unfavourable 
sense,  warns  the  young  against  — 

«  That  fungous  growth  of  novels  and  pamphlets,  where, 
it  is  to  be  feared,  they  rarely  find  any  rational  pleasure ; 
and,  more  rarely  still,  any  solid  improvement." — Hermes, 
book  iii. 

By  the  way,  Swift  himself  had  humorously 
expressed  his  contempt  for  the  class  of  literature 
indicated  at  this  time  by  the  word,  by  placing  the 
slender-bodied  warriors  in  the  rear  of  the  literary 
army. 

"  The  rest  were  a  confused  multitude,  led  by  Scotus, 
Aquinas,  and  Bellarmine ;  of  mighty  Bulk  and  Stature, 
but  without  either  Arms,  Courage,  or  Discipline.  In  the 
last  Place  came  infinite  swarms  of  Calones,  a  disorderly 
Rout,  led  by  Lestrange :  Rogues  and  Raggamuffins,  that 
follow  the  Camp  for  nothing  but  the  Plunder,  all  without 
Coats  to  cover  them."— Battel  of  the  Books. 

So  much  for  the  word  in  English.  As  to  French, 
although  your  correspondents  would  attribute  to 
it  a  French  origin,  I  am  not  able  to  call  to  mind 
an  early  instance  of  the  use  of  the  word  in  that 
language.  Voltaire,  in  his  Examen  Important  de 
Milord  Bolingbroke,  informs  us  that  — 

"  Grub-Street  est  la  rue  oil  Ton  imprime  la  plupart  des 
mauvais  pamphlets  qu'on  fait  journellement  a  Londres." 

And  in  the  more  modern  edition  (12mo,  L'An 
viii.)  of  La  Dunciade,  by  Palissot — not  in  the 
older  one  (1771,  2  vols.  8vo),  where  the  couplet 
stands  altogether  different — we  have  : 

"...  Morellet,  distillant  le  poison 
D'un  noir  pamphlet,  pense  egaler  Buffon." 

I  merely,  however,  cite  these  passages  to  show 
that  the  word  is  generally  used  in  an  unfavour- 
able sense  in  French ;  where,  indeed,  it  is  often 


employed  to  designate  a  libellous  or  personal  at- 
tack :  "  C'est  une  libelle  atroce, — un  pamphlet 
meme."  will  be  said  of  such  a  production,  without 
any  reference  to  the  size  of  the  work.  So  the  authors 
of  La  Minerve  Franqaise  (4  vols.  8vo,  Paris,  1818), 
say,  in  their  address  to  the  public : — 

"  Les  personnalite's,  les  moj'ens  de  scandale,  nous  seront 
Grangers ;  de'fenseurs  ze'le's  des  principes,  nous  n'aspirons 
qu'a  d'honorable  succes ;  en  un  mot,  nous  composons  un 
livre,  et  nous  n'ecrivons  point  un  pamphlet." 

With  regard  to  the  derivative  pamphleteer, 
which  we  find  written  "  pampheleter "  in  Nash, 
who  has  the  phrase  "  to  pamphlet  on  a  person ;" 
and  Greene,  who,  in  his  Piercers  Supererogation, 
or  New  Praise  of  the  Old  Asse  (1593),  styles 
Delone,  Stubs,  and  Armin,  "  the  common  pam- 
phleteers of  London,  even  the  painful  lest  chroni- 
clers too,"  &c. ;  and  says  of  his  antagonist  Nash, 
that  — 

"  He  weeneth  himself  a  special  penman,  as  he  were  the 
head  man  of  the  pamphleting  crew." 

And  of  his  manner  of  writing  — 

"  I  have  seldom  read  a  more  garish  and  piebald  style 
in  any  scribbling  inkhornist ;  or  tasted  a  more  unsavoury 
slaump-paump  of  words  and  sentences  in  any  sluttish 
pamphleteer,  that  denounceth  not  defiance  against  the 
rules  of  oratory,  and  the  direction  of  the  English  Secre- 
tary." 

On  the  other  hand,  the  word  is  of  comparatively 
recent  introduction  into  the  French  language; 
and  probably  first  came  into  use,  ex  necessitate  ret, 
in  the  truly  pamphleteering  times  of  the  first  Revo- 
lution. It  is  found  in  the  Lexicographia-Neologica- 
Gallica  of  William  Dupre  (London,  8vo,  1801), 
who  says  that  it  is 

"  A  word  which  the  French  have  borrowed  from  the 
English,  and  now  apply  to  the  authors  of  fugitive  pieces, 
and  obnoxious  pamphlets  and  brochures." 

This  was  the  word,  it  will  be  remembered,  so 
terrible  to  the  Gallic  ear,  with  which,  on  the  trial 
of  Paul  Louis  Courier,  the  advocate  for  the  pro- 
secution indignantly  apostrophised  the  unfortu- 
nate vigneron.  The  effect  of  this  rhetorical  coup 
upon  the  court  is  described  in  a  fine  strain  of 
banter  by  that  able  writer  :  • — 

"  II  m'apostropha  de  la  sorte :  Til  pamphle"taire  !  etc., 
coup  de  foudre,  non,  de  massue,  vu  le  style  de  1'orateur, 
dont  il  m'assomma  sans  remede.  Ce  mot,  soulevant  con- 
tre  moi  les  juges,  les  temoins,  les  jures,  1'assemblee  (mon 
avocat  lui-meme  en  parut  e'branle),  ce  mot  decida  tout. 
Je  fus  condamne  des  1'heure,  dans  1'esprit  des  Messieurs, 
des  que  1'homme  du  roi  m'eut  appele  pamphletaire,  a  quoi 
je  ne  sus  que  repondre ;  car  il  me  semblait  bien  en  mon 
ame  avoir  fait  ce  qu'on  nomme  un  pamphlet;  je  ne  1'eusse 
ose  nier.  J'etais  done  pamphUtaire  &  mon  propre  juge- 
ment,  et  voyant  1'horreur  qu'un  tel  nom  inspirait  a  tout 
1'auditoire,  je  demeurai  confus." — Pamphlet  des  Pamphlets. 

Another  passage,  from  the  same  powerful  writer, 
will  lead  us  to  the  French  definition  of  the  now 
much- vexed  word :  — 


S.  V.  FEE.  27,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


169 


•'  Je  ne  1'ai  point  lu,  me  dit-il ;  mais  c'est  un  pamphlet, 
cela  me  suffit.  Alors  je  lui  demandai  ce  que  c'etait  qu'un 
pamphlet,  et  le  sens  de  ce  mot,  qni,  sans  m'etre  nouveau, 
avait  besoin  pour  moi  de  quelques  explications.  C'est, 
repondit-il,  un  e'crit  de  peu  de  pages,  comme  le  votre, 
d'une  feuille,  ou  deux  seulement.  De  trois  feuilles,  re- 
pris-je,  serait-ce  encore  un  pamphlet?  Peut-etre,  me 
dit-ii,  dans  1'acception  commune;  mais  proprement  par- 
lant,  le  pamphlet  n'a  qu'une  feuille  seule ;  deux  ou  plus 
font  une  brochure.  Et  dix  feuilles?  quinze  feuilles? 
vingt  feuilles?  Font  un  volume,  dit-il,  un  ouvrage." — 
Ibid. 

So  much  for  this  word,  about  which  I  have  said 
so  much,  that  I  shall  be  held  to  have  almost 
achieved  the  thing, — if,  indeed,  my  illustrations 
escape  comparison  with  Gratiano's  reasons,  which 
were  "  as  two  grains  of  wheat  hid  in  two  bushels 
of  chaff;  you  shall  seek  all  day  ere  you  find  them, 
and  when  you  have  them  they  are  not  worth  the 
search."  (Merchant  of  Venice.) 

WILLIAM  BATES. 

Edgbaston. 

In  the  Athenaeum  for  November.,  28,  1863,  the 
origin  of  this  word  is  ascribed  to  an  entirely  new 
source,  of  which  you  may  think  it  worth  while  to 
make  a  note.  Pamphlet  is  there  said  to  be  — 

"  The  name  of  a  lady,  slightly  modified,  who  first  em- 
ployed herself  in  writing  pamphlets,  who  composed  a 
history  of  the  then  known  world,  in  thirty-five  little 
books,  in  Greek,  and  made  the  public  all  the  wiser  by  her 
flying  leaves.  The  lady  was  none  other  than  the  sage 
Pamphj?la,  whose  works,  written  in  the  reign  of  Nero, 
are  now  lost." 

J.    DOB  AN. 


SIR  JOHN  MOORE'S  MONUMENT. 

Lord  Clyde,  almost  the  last  of  the  Peninsular 
heroes,  has  recently  been  laid  in  his  well-earned 
tomb  in  Westminster  Abbey,  and  a  national  mo- 
nument is  about  to  be  raised  to  his  honour. 

Sir  John  Moore,  Protesilaus  among  the  chief- 
tains of  that  great  war,  rests  on  the  ramparts  of 
Corunna;  and  this  country  is  indebted  to  the 
generosity  of  a  foreigner  for  the  stone  that  marks 
his  resting  place. 

But  it  is  strange  that,  for  more  than  half  a 
century,  our  gratitude  for  this  noble  deed  has 
been  directed  to  one  who  had  no  hand  or  part 
in  it. 

Napier,"  usually  so  accurate,  is  here  at  fault. 
He  writes  (vol.  i.  p.  500)  :  — 

"  The  guns  of  the  enemy  paid  his  funeral  honours ; 
and  Soult,  with  a  noble  feeling  of  respect  for  his  valour, 
raised  a  monument  to  his  memory." 

Brialmont  follows  suit  to  Napier,  and  says 
(vol  i.  p.  226)  :  — 

"  Marshal  Soult  caused  a  monument  to  be  erected  over 
the  place  where  the  hero  had  fallen." 

Then,  in  the  Life  of  Moore,  written  by  his  own 
brother,  while  no  reference  whatever  is  made  to 


Soult,  a  long  and  somewhat  turgid  epitaph,  writ- 
ten by  Dr.  Parr,  is  given  in  full  (Appendix, 
p.  238),  as  "  Inscribed  on  a  marble  monument, 
erected  at  Corunna." 

Maxwell,  in  his  Life  of  Wellington  (i.  466), 
gives  us  two  inscriptions :  the  one  in  Spanish, 
which  he  says  was  written  "  on  a  small  column, 
erected  to  the  memory  of  the  British  General ;" 
the  other  in  Latin,  which  he  tells  us  "  Marshal 
Soult  ordered  to  be  engraved  upon  a  rock,  near 
the  spot  where  Sir  John  Moore  fell." 

And  now,  if  we  turn  to  the  Life  of  Sir  Howard 
Douglas,  recently  published,  it  appears  (p.  98) 
that  not  one  of  these  conflicting  statements  are 
true.  The  monument  was  not  erected  by  Soult, 
but  by  the  Marquis  de  Romana.  The  Spanish 
inscription,  which  was  really  written  by  the  Mar- 
quis himself,  is  quite  different  from  that  given  in 
Maxwell's  account;  while  the  Latin  epitaph, 
written  certainly  by  Dr.  Parr,  at  the  instance  of 
the  Prince  Regent,  never  was  inscribed  upon  the 
monument  at  all.  Sir  H.  Douglas,  with  great 
good  judgment,  prevented  the  obliteration  of  what 
Rom  ana  had  originally  written. 

From  the  official  connection  of  Sir  H.  Douglas 
with  this  matter,  there  can  be  no  reasonable  doubt 
as  to  the  correctness  of  his  account.  The  course 
of  error  in  this  case  is  easily  to  be  traced.  Na- 
pier's partiality  for  Soult  made  him  too  facile  in 
accepting  for  truth  what  would  have  told  so  much 
to  his  credit.  Brialmont  took  upon  trust  what 
Napier  had  vouched  for.  It  is  far  from  impro- 
bable that  a  copy  of  the  epitaph,  which  was 
actually  written  by  Dr.  Parr,  might  have  been 
sent  to  the  family  of  Sir  J.  Moore ;  and  so  his 
brother  would  naturally  conclude  that  its  in- 
tended transfer  to  the  monument  at  Corunna  was 
carried  into  effect.  Maxwell's  book  is  an  amusing 
collection  of  sketchy  narratives,  but  it  is  not 
history. 

And  so  it  has  come  to  pass  that  a  fact,  notorious 
in  1810,  has  been  hidden  in  a  mist  till  1863. 

EFFIGY. 


PASTICCIO  OPERAS. 

Several  years  ago  (see  "  N.  &  Q."  2nd  S.  iv. 
251,  320)  I  had  occasion  to  allude  to  the  fact, 
that  Mr.  Shield's  Pasticcio  opera  of  The  Farmer, 
said  on  the  title-page  to  be  selected  and  composed 
by  Wm.  Shield,  had  no  sign  put  to  the  individual 
pieces  of  music,  by  which  to  distinguish  the  se- 
lected from  the  original  compositions,  a  defect,  by- 
the-way,  not  unfrequent  in  the  old  Pasticcio 
Operas.  I  then  gave  the  authority  which  seemed 
to  show  that  "Ere  around  the  huge  oak,"  usually 
attributed  to  Mr.  Shield,  was  really  the  work  of 
Michael  Arne.  I  have  since  chanced,  amongst 
the  single-sheet  songs  in  the  British  Museum 
Library,  to  come  upon  one  entitled  "  Great  Lord 


170 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  FEB.  27,  '64. 


Frog  (written  by  D'Urfey),  of  which  it  is  said 
that  the  melody  is  from  a  favourite  cotilion, 
while  a  pencil  note  calls  attention  to  the  fact 
that  this  melody  had  been  used  by  Mr.  Shield  in 
The  Farmer.  I  accordingly  found  that  it  was 
the  music  of  one  of  Mr.  Edwin's  songs  (in  the 
character  of  Jemmy  Jumps),  beginning  "  Look, 
dear  Ma'am." 

The  opera  of  Mahmoud,  by  Stephen  Storace, 
was  published  by  his  widow  without  a  reservation 
as  to  any  of  the  pieces  being  by  other  composers. 
Looking  over  Salieri's  opera,  La  Grotta  di  Tro- 
fonio,  I  found  that  a  spirited  base  song  in  it,  "  Da 
un  Fonte  istesso,"  had  been  transferred  with  some 
abbreviations  to  Mahmoud,  where  it  appears  as 
the  base  song,  "  Revenge,  revenge,  her  fires  dis- 
plays," sung  by  Mr.  jSedgwick.  ^ 

There  is  a  song  in  the  Pasticcio  opera  of  The 
Maid  of  the  Mill  (in  the  part  of  Giles),  beginning 
"  I'll  be  bound  to  fly  the  nation,"  which  song,  some 
five  or  six-and-thirty-years  ago,  I  heard  Mr. 
Bedford  sing  so  effectively  as  to  gain  an  unani- 
mous encore.  Both  in  the  table  of  the  songs  pre- 
fixed to  the  opera,  and  on  the  song  itself,  the 
composition  is  attributed  to  Rinaldo  di  Capua. 
Now,  in  Dr.  Burney's  account  of  II  Filosofo  di 
Campagna,  an  opera  by  Galuppi  (see  vol.  iv.  of 
the  Dr.'s  History},  he  informs  us  that  — 

"  The  base  song,  <  Ho  per  lui  in  mezzo  al  core,'  was 
always  heard  with  pleasure,  though  sung  by  Paganini, 
almost  without  a  voice." 

This  song  will  be  found  to  be  the  original  of 
the  one  in  The  Maid  of  the  Mill;  the  only  change 
is,  that  of  English  words  instead  of  Italian,  the 
whole  of  the  music  being  retained.  In  addition 
to  the  fact  that  Dr.  Burney  thus  assumed  the 
song  in  question  to  be  Galuppi's  composition,  I 
have  met  with  a  book  of  the  printed  music,  in 
which  it  is  attributed  to  him.  It  may,  however, 
be  observed  that  in  a  MS.  score  of  IL  Filosofo  di 
Campagna  in  the  British  Museum,  and  which 
contains  several  base  songs,  this  particular  one  is 
not  to  be  found.  This  circumstance  may  perhaps 
(notwithstanding  Dr.  Burney  and  the  printed 
book),  force  us  to  allow  that  Dr.  Arnold  might, 
after  all,  have  had  his  reasons  for  the  attribution 
to  Rinaldo  di  Capua. 

^Having  made  these  notes,  I  wish  to  conclude 
with  a  query  respecting  a  certain  song  in  the 
Pasticcio  opera  of  Orpheus  and  Eurydice,  said  on 
the  title-page  to  be  composed  by  Gluck,  Handel, 
Bach,  Sacchini,  and  Weichsel,  with  additional  new 
music  by  William  Reeve.  No  separate  piece  has 
its  composer's  name  affixed  to  it,  except  one  song  by 
Weichsel.  I  would  ask,  who  was  the  composer  of 
the  base  song,  "  Let  hideous  moans,"  sung  by  Mr. 
Darley  in  the  character  of  Pluto  ? 

On  the  title-page  of  the  opera  of  Mahmoud  is  a 
portrait  of  Stephen  Storace,  without  an  engraver's 
name.  In  tbe  autobiography  {privately  printed, 


1843)  of  the  eminent  line-engraver,  Abraham 
Raimbach,  he  tell  us  that  he  was  the  engraver  of 
this  portrait,  which  was  from  a  miniature  by  Ar- 
land  (a  Swiss),  of  whom  Mr.  Raimbach  writes, 
that  — 

"His  likenesses  were  generally  very  good;  that  of 
Stephen  Storace  being  a  total  failure  may  be  easily  ac- 
counted for,  when  it  is  considered  that  it  was  executed 
almost  entirely  from  description  "  (p.  28). 

I  have  subjoined  these  facts  as  being  interest- 
ing both  to  the  collector  of  Mr.  Raimbach's  works, 
and  to  the  collector  of  musicians'  portraits. 

ALFRED  Rom. 

Somers  Town. 


THE  PASSING  BELL  OP  ST.  SEPULCHRE'S.  — 
The  following  extract  from  a  letter  addressed  to 
the  City  Press  seems  to  me  worthy  of  preserva- 
tion in  the  columns  of  "  N.  &  Q."  It  was  inserted 
Feb.  20:  — 

"When  the  great  bell  of  St.  Sepulchre  tolls  out  a 
solemn  warning  before  the  public  execution  of  criminals, 
few  who  hear  it  are  moved  to  pray  for  those  poor  sinners 
going  to  execution ;  but  yet  that  was  the  intention  of 
good  Mr.  Robert  Dowe,  who,  on  the  8th  of  May,  1605,  by 
deed  of  gift,  gave  50£,  on  condition  that  the  parish  of 
St.  Sepulchre  should  appoint  some  one  to  go  to  Newgate, 
about  ten  o'clock  on  the  night  previous  to  the  execution, 
*  there  to  stand  as  near  the  window  as  he  can,  where  the 
condemned  prisoners  do  lye  in  the  dungeon,  with  a  hand- 
bell, given  to  the  parishioners  by  the  said  Mr.  Dowe,  and 
shall  give  there  twelve  solemn  towles,  with  double  strokes ; 
and  then,  after  a  good  pause,  to  deliver  with  a  loud  and 
audible  voice,  with  his  face  towards  the  prison  window, 
to  the  end  the  poor  condemned  persons  may  give  good 
ear,  and  be  the  better  stirred  up  to  watchfulness  and 
prayer.'  Then  follows  a  long  exhortation  to  repentance, 
at  the  end  of  which  he  was  to  toll  the  bell  again. 

"  This  was  at  a  time  when  executions  were  held  at 
Tyburn,  and  there  are  further  instructions  for  the  morning, 
when '  the  cart  shall  stay  a  small  while  against  the  church 
wall,  to  hear  a  short  exhortation  pronounced  by  one 
standing  bare-headed,'  with  the  hand-bell,  as  before.  The 
great  bell,  which  is,  properly  speaking,  the  passing-bell, 
was  also  tolled.  I  have  merely  quoted  that  part  of  the 
deed  which  relates  to  a  custom  long  since  grown  into 
disuse.— I  am,  &c.  W.  H.  W." 

T.  B. 

SUICIDES.  — 

"  At  the  funeral  of  a  suicide  at  Scone,  N.  B.,  some  forty 
women  endeavoured,  by  persuasion  and  threats,  to  cause 
the  body  to  be  lifted  over  the  graveyard  wall  instead  of 
being  carried  through  the  gate.  The  reason  for  this  is 
supposed  to  be,  that  in  the  event  of  the  body  being 
allowed  to  pass  through  the  gate,  the  first  bride  « kirked ' 
thereafter  will  commit  suicide  within  a  very  short  period 
after  her  marriage ;  and  that  the  first,  child  carried  to  church 
to  be  christened,  will  commit  suicide  before  it  reaches  the 
age  of  eight  years."—  The  Guardian,  Jan.  20, 1864. 

K.  P.  D.  E. 

A  GENUINE  CENTENARIAN.— Reading  "N.  &  Q.," 
I  find  remarks  made  on  "  Longevity  ;"  and  as  I 
am  personally  acquainted  with  the  following  most 
interesting  old  man,  I  venture  to  send  you  a  few 


3*d  S.  V.  FEB.  27,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


171 


particulars  of  his  case  ;  and  should  it  in  any  way 
interest  you,  and  you  like  to  insert  it  in  your 
magazine,  I  hope  you  will  do  so.  I  shall  be  also 
very  happy  to  present  you  with  his  photographic 
likeness  on  glass.  His  name  is  Richard  Purser  ; 
born,  in  1756,  on  July  14,— so  he  will  be  108  next 
July.  He  is  residing  at  Cheltenham,  and  has 
6s.  6d.  a- week  allowed  him:  4s.  6d.  from  the 
parish,  and  2s.  a-week  from  the  51.  sent  annually 
by  the  Queen  to  the  clergyman  of  the  place  ;  he 
having  satisfied  her  Majesty  as  to  the  correctness 
of  the  statement,  and  discovered  the  register.  He 
is  a  very  good  old  man,  attending  his  church 
regularly  every  Sunday,  and  sacrament  once  a 
month ;  and  was  a  regular  attendant  on  the 
weekly  lectures  up  to  the  last  two  years,  when  he 
was  obliged  to  discontinue  some  of  his  habits.  He 
is  hale  and  hearty,  and  has  all  his  faculties  about 
him ;  and  is,  in  every  way,  a  most  interesting 
person.  I  visit  Cheltenham  every  spring,  and  see 
him  almost  daily  for  two  months,  and  have  a  chat 
with  him.  Last  spring  his  legs  were  bent,  and 
his  knees  touched,  with  his  two  feet  bowed  out- 
wards ;  but  he  managed  to  get  about  for  his  daily 
strolls  with  two  strong  crutches.  He  has  the 
most  charming  countenance,  and  always  looks  on 
the  bright  side  of  everything. 

WM.  EDWARD  BELL. 

COLBORNE:  LORDS  SEATON  AND  COLBORNE. — 
Although  two  families  bearing  the  name  of  Col- 
borne  have  been  during  the  present  century  en- 
nobled, the  Peerages  afford  little  or  no  information 
respecting  the  ancestry  of  either  of  them. 

Lord  Seaton,  indeed,  was,  I  believe,  the  founder 
of  his  line,  and,  in  a  genealogical  point  of  view,  a 
novus  homo.  But  Lord  Colborne  (if  the  arms 
borne  by  him  are  a  trustworthy  indication  of  de- 
scent) would  seem  to  have  belonged  to  the  Col- 
bornes  of  Wiltshire,  an  ancient  family  duly  recorded 
in  the  Visitations  of  the  county,  and  entitled  to 
wear  coat-armour. 

I  should  be  glad  to  have  some  definite  informa- 
tion on  this  point,  as  well  as  corrections  and  ad- 
ditions to  the  subjoined  particulars  of  the  family, 
which  are  all  I  have  hitherto  been  able  to  col- 
lect :  — 

A  Mr.  Colborne  of  Chippenham  was,  I  have 
understood,  the  father  of  three  sons  ;  viz.  — 

William  of  Norfolk,  who  died  without  issue. 

Benjamin  of  Bath,  whose  daughter  and  heir 
married  Sir  M.  W.  Ridley,  and  was  mother  of 
Nicholas  Ridley  Colborne,  who  was  raised  to  the 
peerage  in  1839  as  Baron  Colborne,  of  West  Har- 
ling,  and  died  leaving  no  male  issue. 

Joseph,  of  Hardenhuish  House,  Wilts,  whose 
daughter  married  John  Hawkins,  second  son  of 
Sir  Caesar  Hawkins,  Bart.  There  was  also  a 
daughter  Emma,  who  married  the  Rev.  Samuel 
Towers. 


Mr.  William  Colborne  was,  I  believe,  a  gentle- 
man of  large  fortune,  but  whether  derived  from 
hereditary  sources,  or  acquired  in  profession  or 
commerce,  I  know  not ;  and  I  am  equally  ignorant 
of  the  reason  for  the  elevation  to  the  peerage  of 
his  great-nephew,  Nicholas  Ridley.  I  have  some 
reason  to  think  that  a  connection  existed  between 
the  Colbornes  and  the  Branthwayts  of  Norfolk ; 
but  here  again  my  information  is  extremely  vague, 
and  I  can  cite  no  reliable  *  authority.  WILTS. 

EELS  :  "  QUEASY."  —  An  article  on  "  Eels  "  in 
the  Quarterly  Review  for  January  last,  contains 
an  extract  from  Juliana  Berners,  wherein  the 
reviewer  interpolates  a  query  thus  :  "The  ele  is  a 
quaysy  (quasi  ?}  fysshe."  The  lady's  "  quaysy  " 
is  evidently  the  old  Shaksperian  word  "  queasy," 
used  in  Much  Ado,  Act  II.  S.  1  :  — 

"  I,  with  your  two  helps,  will  so  practise  on  Benedick, 
that,  in  despite  of  his  quick  wit  and  his  queasy  stomach, 
he  shall  fall  in  love  with  Beatrice." 

In  Antony  and  Cleopatra,  Act  III.  Sc.  6  :  — 
""  Who,  queasy  with  his  insolence  already, 
Will  their  good  thoughts  call  from  him." 

And  in  Lear,  Act  II.  Sc.  1 :  — 

"  And  I  have  one  thing,  of  a  queasy  question, 
Which  I  must  act." 

Many  years  ago  I  frequently  heard  the  word 
applied  in  Yorkshire  to  a  greasy-stomached  man, 
who  was  called  "  a  queasy  fellow."  The  words 
ticklish  and  qualmish  seem  to  come  near  it  in  mean- 
ing. 

The  reviewer  notices  the  strong  aversion  with 
which  the  Scotch  regard  eels.  In  corroboration, 
I  may  observe,  that  when  travelling  along  the 
Caledonian  Canal,  I  once  fell  into  conversation 
with  a  half-starved,  bare-legged  Highlandman, 
who  complained  of  the  dearness  of  provisions.  I 
remarked  that  food  must  surely  be  scarce  when 
the  people  of  the  district  were  driven  to  eat  "hill- 
killed  "  and  "  braxy  "  mutton ;  adding  that  there 
must  be  abundance  of  eels  in  the  canal.  My 
"  bag  "-less  friend  assured  me  that  the  mutton  was 
not  so  bad  as  it  seemed  to  a  Southron ;  but  as  to 
eating  eels,  "  Na,  na,"  said  he  —  "  snaaks  /" 

G.  H.  OP  S. 


PICTURE    OF   THE    BATTLE  OF  AGINCOURT. — 

Some  years  ago  was  exhibited  at,  Guildhall  a  large 
picture  of  "  The  Battle  of  Agincourt,"  which  had 
been  painted  by  Sir  Robert  Ker  Porter  when 
quite  young,  and  subsequently  presented  by  him 
to  the  city  of  London.  This  painting  had  been 
put  away  for  several  years,  and  was  accidentally 

*  I  venture  to  employ  this  much-abused  word,  shelter- 
ing myself  from  penal  consequences  under  an  unauggeative 
signature. 


172 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


s.  V.  FEB.  27,  '64. 


found  in  one  of  the  vaulted  chambers  under 
Guildhall.  It  was  then  supposed  to  be  a  picture 
of  great  antiquity,  and  to  have  remained  con- 
cealed ever  since  the  great  fire  of  London. 

What  has  become  of  this  picture  ? 

A.  CHAFFERS. 

Bedford  Row. 

"  ALBUMAZAR,"  BY  TOMKIS.  —  There  is  an  edi- 
tion of  this  old  play  published  in  1634,  "  newly 
revised  and  corrected  by  a  special  hand."  Is  it 
known  who  was  the  editor  of  this  edition  ?  R.  I. 

ANCIENT  BELL-FOUNDERS.  —  Having  made  a 
collection  of  inscriptions  from  church  bells  in  the 
different  parts  of  Scotland,  and  being  desirous  to 
learn  something  of  some  of  the  makers  of  them, 
I  shall  feel  obliged  by  any  of  your  correspondents 
informing  me  where  I  can  obtain  information  re- 

farding  the  following  makers,  viz.  Peter  lansen, 
643  ;  Ons  Heeren,  1526  ;  P.  Ostend,  Rotterdam, 
1684;  C.  Ouderocci,  Rotterdam,  1655;  Jacob 
Ser,  1565;  Ian  Burgerhuys  (1609) ;  Michael  Bur- 
gerhuys (1624)  ;  and  John  Burgerhuys,  1662, 
possibly  all  three  of  Rotterdam;  and  Gerot 
Meyer,  1656.  The  dates  annexed  to  the  respec- 
tive names  appear  upon  the  bells.  A.  J. 

BOOTH  OF  GILDRESOME.  —  Jones,  in  his  Views 
of  Gentlemen's  Seats,  has  the  following  under  the 
heading  of  "  Glendon  Hall " :  — 

"  John  Booth,  Esq.,  of  Glatton  Hall,  in  Huntingdon- 
shire, purchased  Glendon  Hall,  1758.  The  immediate 
ancestor  of  this  branch  of  the  family  of  Booth,  and  father 
of  the  first  purchaser  of  Glendon  Hall,  was  settled  at 
Gildresome,  near  Leeds,  Yorkshire;  and  -was  descended 
from  a  younger  branch  of  the  Booths,  of  Dunham  Massey, 
who  were  of  great  repute  in  Lancashire  and  Cheshire, 
long  before  it  arrived  to  the  rank  of  peerage,  as  Earls  of 
Warrington  and  Lords  Delamere." 

Could  any  correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q."  give 
any  information  if  there  are  any  descendants  of 
that  family  of  Booth  left  at  Gildresome,  or  in  that 
part  of  Yorkshire  ?  H.  N.  S. 

BRONZE    STATUES   AT   GRANTHAM.  —  On    the 

west  front  of  Grantham  church  are  twelve  niches ; 
it  is  said  that  these,  before  the  Reformation,  con- 
tained bronze  statues  of  the  Apostles,  and  that 
at  the  change  of  religion  they  were  removed  and 
buried  under  the  floor  of  the  crypt.  Is  there 
any  truth  in  the  legend,  or  is  it  but  the  vain 
imagination  of  some  ancient  sexton  ? 

^In  the  crypt  of  the  same  church  is  a  stone  altar 
with^  raised  foot  path,  apparently  in  its  original 
condition.  The  slab,  however,  has  no  consecra- 
tion crosses  on  it.  Have  they  been  'worn  away  ? 
The  stone  is  white  and  by  no  means  hard.  Or  is 
this  an  altar  erected  in  the  reign  of  Mary  I., 
which  had  not  been  dedicated  at  the  time  of  her 
death  ?  GRIME. 

COMIC      SONGS     TRANSLATED.  —  Seeing     in 
"  N.  &  Q."  of  Jan.  23,  an  excellent  transTation 


into  Latin  by  Dr.  Glasse  of  the  well-known  comic 
song  of  "  Miss  Bailey,"  I  was  reminded  of  some 
translations  into  Latin  of  other  comic  songs, 
amongst  which  there  was  one  of  "  Billy  Taylor." 
This,  if  I  mistake  not,  was  by  the  late  Rev.  C. 
Bigge,  with  two  additional  verses  by  Lord  Vernon. 
They  were  translated  by  the  Rev.  C.  Harcourt  or 
by  Lord  Ravensworth  (perhaps  by  both),  and  were 
printed,  I  believe,  at  Oxford. 

Can  any  of  your  correspondents  inform  me  if 
the  same  were  ever  published,  or  where  to  find 
other  translations  of  comic  pieces  ?  Tis. 

"  DICTIONARY  OF  COINS."  —  On  Erick  XIV.  of 
Sweden  killing  the  husband  of — 

"  Martha  Lejonhufved  [she]  received  a  thousand  marks 
of  pure  silver  as  blood-money  for  the  massacre  of  her 
husband  and  her  two  sons — disgusting  woman!  So  I 
thought  and  wrote,  till  by  chance  one  day,  struck  by  the 
beauty  of  a  diamond -shaped  coin  bearing  a  crowned  wasa, 
and  the  fraternal  cipher  J.  C.  twined  gracefully  together, 
I  looked  in  the  Dictionary  of  Coins,  and  there  found  how 
the  Lady  Martha,  object  of  my  wrath,  had  given  these 
thousand  marks,  price,  of  her  lord's  and  sons'  blood,  to 
aid  the  rebel  cause.  From  this  silver  was  struck,  in  1568, 
a  coin  still  called  Blod-klipping." 

So  says  Horace  Marryat  in  his  work  One  Year 
in  Sweden,  including  a  Visit  to  the  Isle  of  Gotland, 
London  :  Murray,  1862,  2  vols.  8vo,  plates,  pp. 
160-161. 

What  is  the  Dictionary  of  Coins  ?  Where  pub- 
lished, and  by  whom,  size,  and  price  ? 

WILLIAM  DUDGEON  (a  gentleman  in  Berwick- 
shire.)— In  the  Memoirs  of  the  Life  and  Writings 
of  the  Rev.  John  Jackson,  Master  of  Wigston's 
Hospital  in  Leicester  (Lond.  8vo,  1764),  I  find 
mention,  pp.  139,  140,  of  the  following  work  :  — 

"  Several  Letters  to  the  Reverend  Mr.  Jackson  from 
William  Dudgeon,  a  Gentleman  in  Berwickshire,  with 
Mr.  Jackson's  Answers  to  them,  concerning  the  Immen- 
sity and  Unity  of  God,  the  Existence  of  Matter  and  Spi- 
ritual Substance,  God's  Moral  Government  of  the  World; 
the  Nature  of  Necessity  and  Fate,  and  of  Liberty  of  Ac- 
tion ;  and  the  Foundation,  Distinction,  and  Consequences 
of  Virtue  and  Vice,  Good  and  Evil.  Written  in  the 
Years  1735  and  1736,  and  occasioned  by  two  Books  wri- 
ten  by  Mr.  Jackson,  one  entituled,  The  Existence  and 
Unity  of  God  proved  from  his  Nature  and  Attributes,  the 
the  other  being  The  Defence  of  it.  Lond.  8vo,  1737." 

This  book  is  also  briefly  noticed  by  Watt. 

It  appears  that  there  is  in  Dr.  Williams's  library, 
Red  Cross  Street,  another  work  which  has  escaped 
the  attention  of  both  Mr.  Jackson's  biographer 
and  Watt.  It  is  thus  described  in  the  published 
catalogue :  — 

"Some  Additional  Letters  to  the  Rev.  Mr.  Jackson 
from  William  Dudgeon,  with  Mr.  Jackson's  Answers  to 
them.  Lond.  8vo,  1737." 

I  shall  be  glad  to  know  more  of  William  Dud- 
geon.* S.  Y.  R. 


[*  William  Dudgeon  was  inquii'ed  after  in  The  Monthly 
Magazine  of  Sept.  1801  (xii.  95.)  It  appears  that  he  cor- 
responded with  Bishop  Hoadly. — ED.] 


3*dS.V.  FEB.  27,  '64  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


173 


"  AN  EASTERN  KING'S  DEVICE."  —  Who  is 
alluded  to  in  the  following  ?  It  is  an  erased  pas- 
sage in  the  MS.  of  Addison's  Essay  on  the  Ima- 
gination :  — 

"  I  believe  most  readers  are  pleased  with  the  Eastern 
King's  device,  y*  made  his  Garden  ye  Map  of  his  Empire ; 
where  ye  great  Roads  were  represented  by  ye  spacious 
walks  and  allies,  ye  woods  and  forests  by  little  thickets 
and  tufts  of  Bushes.  A  crooked  rill  discovered  ye  wind- 
ings of  a  mighty  River,  and  a  Summer-house  or  Turret  ye 
situation  of  a  huge  City  or  Metropolis." 

J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

FLETCHER'S  ARITHMETIC.— -Is  any  one  of  the 
correspondents  to  "  N.  &  Q."  in  possession  of  a 
copy  of  the  following  work  ?  If  so,  he  will  confer 
an  obligation  by  permitting  me  to  inspect  it :  — 

"  The  Tradesman's  Arithmetic,  in  which  is  shown  the 
rules  of  common  Arithmetic,  so  plain  and  easy,  that  a 
boy  of  any  tolerable  capacity  may  learn  them  in  a  week's 
time,  without  the  help  of  a  Master.  Halifax,  printed 
by  P.  Darby,  1761." 

The  above  does  not  appear  in  PROFESSOR  DE 
MORGAN'S  "  Chronological  List."  The  author 
was  "  Nathaniel  Fletcher,*  a  schoolmaster  in 
Ovenden,  who  also  wrote  a  pamphlet  entitled, 
A  Methodist  Dissected ;  or,  a  Description  of  their 
Errors.  T.  T.  WILKINSON. 

Burnley,  Lancashire. 

JOHN  GOODYER,  of  Mapledurham,  in  Oxford- 
shire, is  mentioned  as  having  an  extensive  and 
critical  knowledge  of  botany.  He  appears  to 
have  been  living  in  1626.  Additional  particulars 
respecting  him  are  much  desired.  S.  Y.  R. 

HEMING  OF  WORCESTER.  —  Edward  Villiers, 
second  son  of  Robert  Wright,  alias  Danvers,  and 
younger  brother  of  Robert  Villiers,  third  Viscount 
Purbeck,  and  Earl  of  Buckingham,  married  July 
14,  1685,  Joan,  daughter  of  William  Heming,  a 
brewer  of  Worcester.  This  Mr.  Heming  is  stated 
to  have  been  related  to  Dr.  Thomas,  Bishop  of 
Worcester.  I  should  be  glad  to  know  the  precise 
degree  of  relationship,  and  also  to  obtain  some 
further  information  respecting  the  Hemings.  Ed- 
ward Villiers  was  born  at  Knighton,  co.  Radnor, 
March  28,  1661,  and  died  at  Canterbury,  1691. 

C.  J.  R. 

THE  HOMILIES. — Taking  up  a  volume  contain- 
ing the  two  books  with  the  Ecclesiastical  Canons, 
it  occurs  to  me  to  inquire  why  the  Homilies  are  now 
not  read  yearly  in  churches,  as  ordered  ?  Several 
of  them  are  still  very  pertinent ;  and  if  more 
read,  and  better  known,  we  could  not  have  our 
churches  decorated  in  that  extravagant  manner 
displayed  in  some  late  examples.  Perhaps  some 
one  of  your  reverend  readers  will  afford  an  ex- 
planation. Very  few  lay  persons  appear  ever  to 
have  read  them. 

This  query  was  laid  aside,  but  meeting  with 
the  following  very  pertinent  query  in  the  "  Arti- 
cles to  be  inquired  of  in  the  Visitation  of  the  Rev. 


Knightly  Chetwood,  D.D.,  Archdeacon  of  York," 
in  1705, 1  forward  it,  and  wait  a  reply :  — 

"  And  doth  your  minister  (to  the  end  the  people  may 
the  better  understand,  and  be  the  more  thoroughly  ac"- 
quainted  with  the  doctrine  and  discipline  of  the  Church 
of  England)  publicly  read  over  unto  the  people,  the  Book 
of  Canons  at  least  "once,  and  the  Thirty-nine  Articles 
twice  every  year?  " 

W.P. 

HORACE,  ODE  xin.  —  Is  it  known  who  was  the 
translator  of  the  passage  quoted  in  The  Spectator, 
No.  171?  J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

INVENTION  OF  IRON  DEFENCES.  —  I  have  re- 
cently perused,  in  the  Madras  Artillery  Records, 
published  at  St.  Thomas's  Mount,  some  papers 
headed  "  Extracts  from  the  unpublished  MSS. 
of  the  late  Sir  Wm.  Congreve,  Bart.,  the  inventor 
of  the  Congreve  Rocket,"  in  one  of  which,  written 
in  1824,  is  a  suggestion  for  protecting  with  iron 
coatings  the  embrasures  of  Martello  towers  and 
casements,  as  well  as  the  sides  of  vessels  of  war. 
Is  Sir  Wm.  Congreve  entitled  to  the  credit  of 
this  invention,  or  is  there  any  earlier  record  of  it? 

H.  C. 

JEREMIAH  HORROCKS,  THE  ASTRONOMER. — In 
Mr.  Whatton's  memoir  of  this  great  precursor  of 
Newton,  I  find  the  following  copy  of  the  register 
at  Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge  :  —  "  Jeremiah 
Horrox.  Born  at  Toxteth,  Lancashire.  Entered 
Sizar,  May  18,  1632."  In  an  earlier  portion  of  the 
same  work,  Mr.  Horrox  is  said  to  have  been 
"  born  at  Toxteth  Park,  near  Liverpool,  in  the 
year  1619."  If  this  be  correct,  he  must  have 
entered  at  Cambridge  when  only  thirteen  years  of 
age.  This  circumstance,  coupled  with  the  many 
works  he  had  written  before  his  death,  on  Jan.  3, 
1641,  leads  me  to  inquire  whether  any  register  of 
his  birth,  or  baptism,  is  known  to  exist  ?  As  there 
was  only  about  one  church  in  Liverpool  at  that 
time,  the  point  might  perhaps  be  settled  by  an 
examination  of  the  registers  there.  May  I  request 
some  of  your  correspondents  to  make  the  search  ? 

T.  T.  WILKINSON. 
Burnlej',  Lancashire. 

MEDIAEVAL  CHURCHES  WITHIN  THE  BOUNDA- 
RIES OF  ROMAN  CAMPS. — At  Caistor  and  at  An- 
caster,  in  Lincolnshire,  at  Great  Casterton  and 
at  Market  Overton,  in  Rutland,  and  at  Castor,  in 
Northamptonshire,  the  remains  of  Roman  camps 
exist.  It  is  a  noteworthy  fact,  that  within  the 
boundary  of  each,  and  within  a  few  yards  of  the 
western  wall  at  each  place,  is  a  mediaeval  church. 
Do  these  churches  occupy  sites  of  Roman  tem- 
ples ?  And  has  this  peculiarity  been  noticed  in 
the  sites  of  other  Roman  camps  that  are  to  be 
found  at  the  present  day  in  Britain  ? 

STAMFORDIENSIS. 

MILBORNE  FAMILY.  —  John  Milborne  of  Al- 
lestey  [Alveston  ?],  co.  Gloucester,  who  was 


174 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3''d  S.  V.  FEB.  27,  '64. 


descended  from  the  ancient  family  of  Milborne  of 
Milborne  Port,  and  Dunkerton,  co.  Somerset, 
the  eldest  son  of  George  Milborne  of  Wonastow, 
co.  Monmouth,  Esq.,  by  Christian  his  wife,  the 
daughter  of  Henry  Herbert  of  Wonastow,  and 
grand-daughter  of  William,  third  Earl  of  Wor- 
cester, appears  to  have  married  three  times.  I 
shall  feel  obliged  for  any  information  respecting 
name  and  family  of  his  first  wife.  Also  the  family 
of  his  third  wife,  whom  he  mentions  in  his  will 
dated  July  21,  1661,  and  proved  in  London,  May 
16,  1664,  as  his  "  beloved  wife,  Anne  Lady  Mor- 
gan." His  second  wife  was  Susan,  daughter  of 
Thomas  Clayton  of  Alveston,  Esq.  I  also  wish  to 
know  what  issue  there  was  by  each  marriage,  and 
the  names  of  the  several  children. 

THOMAS  MILBOURN. 
1,  Basinghall  Street,  E.C. 

HANNAH  MORE'S  DRAMAS. — There  is  a  German 
translation  of  Hannah  More's  Sacred  Dramas. 
Can  you  give  me  date  and  name  of  translator  ?  Is 
the  name  of  translator  given  in  Fernbach's  Thea- 
terfreund  in  3  vols.  4to,  1849  ?  R.  I. 

THE  PRATTS,  BARONETS  OF  COLESHILL,  Co. 
OP  BERKS. — Henry  Pratt  was  an  alderman  and 
sheriff  of  London,  and  received  the  honour  of  a 
knighthood,  and  afterwards  a  baronetage  from 
Charles  I.  in  1641.  He  purchased  the  manor 
and  estate  of  Coleshill  in  1626,  and  died  there 

1647.  A  very  handsome  monument  is  in  Coles- 
hill  church  to  his  memory. 

By  will,  now  in  the  Prerogative  Court,  dated 

1648,  he  names  three  children,  George,  Richard, 
and  Elizabeth.    He  entails  his  'estates  upon  his 
son,  and  heir,  George  Pratt,  and  his  male  issue ; 
and  in  the  event  of  failure  of  such  male  issue, 
then  to  his  daughter  and  her  male  issue.     To  his 
son  Richard  Pratt  he  leaves  the  sum  of  51,  and 
further  expresses  himself  thus  :  "  and  my  desire 
is,  that  he  may  not  possess  my  estate." 

Burke,  in  his  Extinct  Baronetage  of  Pratt, 
Plydall,  or  Foster,  makes  no  mention  of  this 
Richard  Pratt,  or  his  sister  Elizabeth,  or  their 
issue.  I  shall  feel  greatly  obliged  to  any  reader 
of  "N.  &  Q."  if  they  can  supply  me  with  any 
particulars  respecting  the  marriage  and  death  of 
this  Richard  Pratt,  say  from  1648  to  1700. 

.  have  in  my  possession  a  large  China  jug 
bearing  the  arms  of  Sir  Henry  Pratt  of  Coleshill, 
and  this  has  descended  to  me  through  several 
generations.  My  great-grandfather,  Joseph  Pratt, 
was  grandson  of  Richard  Pratt,  and  consequently 
great-grandson  of  Sir  Henry.  He  died  at  Cla- 
verdon,  in  the  county  of  Warwick,  August  8, 
1786,  aged  eighty-eight  years.  He  came  to  re- 
side at  Claverdon  about  1728.  The  family  had 
lived  at  or  near  Southam,  in  the  same  county. 
Any  information  will  be  thankfully  received  re- 


lating to  this  Richard  Pratt  and  his  immediate 
issue.  GEORGE  PRATT. 

John's  Town,  Carmarthen,  South  Wales. 

PARLIAMENT  HOUSE  AT  MACHYNLLETH. —  In 
Welsh  ^  Sketches,  3rd  series  p.  74,  1854, 1  read  the 
following  :  — 

"  The  great  event  of  the  closing  year  (1402)  was  the 
Welsh  Parliament,  which  assembled  at  Machynlleth,  in 
Montgomeryshire,  in  which  the  claim  of  Owen  Glyndwr 
to  the  princedom  was  solemnly  confirmed.  A  part  of  that 
most  interesting  relic,  the  old  Parliament  House,  still 
exists.  It  should  be  preserved  with  reverential  care  by 
a  nation  to  whom  are  justly  dear  the  recollections  of  their 
brave  ancestors,  contending  for  ancient  liberty." 

May  I  ask  if  it  has  been  "  preserved,"  and  what 
condition  it  is  in  at  present  ?  What  is  its  size, 
and  are  there  any  engravings  extant  of  it  ? 

CHAS.  WILLIAMS. 

PATRICIAN  FAMILIES  or  BRUSSELS.  —  I  have 
only  been  able  to  discover  the  names  of  five  out 
of  the  "  seven  patrician  families  of  Brussels."  Can 
any  correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q."  oblige  me  with 
the  other  two  ?  Those  which  I  know  are,  Con- 
denberg,  Serhuygs,  Sleews,  Steenweghe,  and 
Sweerts.  J.  WOODWARD. 

QUOTATIONS  WANTED. — Can  any  of  your  readers 
give  me  the  reference  for  a  passage  (which  I  think 
is  either  in  Fuller  or  Baxter),  running  something 
like  this  — 

"Neither  should  men  turn  [preachers?]  as  Nilus, 
saith  Herodotus,  breeds  frogs,  whereof  the  one-half 
moveth  while  the  rest  is  but  plain  mud." 

I  would  be  glad  to  have  the  reference  to  Hero- 
dotus as  well.  J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

"  God  of  a  beautiful  necessity  is  love  in  all  he  doeth." 

IGNORAMUS. 

I  have  seen  the  following  lines  quoted  as 
Dr.  W.  King's.  They  are  not  in  The  Art  of 
Cookery.  Can  any  of  your  correspondents  tell 
me  whose  they  are,  and  what  is  the  meaning  of 
"Evander's  order"? 

"  The  Scotsman's  faith  and  practice  please  me  not ; 
He  serves  his  meat  half-cold,  his  doctrine  hot ; 
A  churchman's  stomach  very  hardly  bears 
Scant  mutton  curdling  'neath  redundant  prayers ; 
My  zeal  'gainst  puritanic  haggis  glows, 
And  cockaleekie  makes  me  hold  my  nose ; 
Evander's  order  suits  me  when  I  dine, 
So  say  a  common  grace  and  bring  the  wine." 

A.  B. 

"  A  name  that  posterity  will  not  willingly  let  die.'' 
"  Come  to  my  arms,  and  be  thy  Harry's  angel." 

C.  D. 

In  a  judgment  pronounced  by  the  late  Lord 
Campbell,  he  quoted  the  following  lines  :  — 

"  Her  did  you  freely  from  your  soul  forgive  ? — 
Sure,  as  I  hope  before  my  Judge  to  live ; 
Sure,  as  the  Saviour  died  upon  the  tree 
For  all  who  sin,  for  that  poor  wretch,  and  me, — 
Whom  never  more  on  earth  will  I  forsake,  or  see." 


3*i  S.  V.  FfiB.  27,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


175 


His  Lordship  said  they  were  by  *«  a  poet,  who 
more  than  most  other  men  had  sounded  the  depths 
of  human  feeling."  Where  is  the  passage  to  be 
found?  R.  C.  H. 

«  The  wretched  are  the  faithful.    Tis  their  fate 
To  have  all  feeling  save  the  one  decay,"  &c. 

B.  A. 

Who  was  the  object  of  the  following  fond  eulo- 
gium  ?  — 

"  Every  virtue  under  Heaven 
To  the  suffering  saint  was  given ; 
Raised  from  earth,  she  now  doth  show 
Virtue,  never  known  below, 
Which,  in  Christ,  by  God,  is  given 
To  the  sinless  saint  in  Heaven." 

M. 

"Then,  O  ye  gods !  what  readers— one  and  all ! 
From    High  Church  gabble    down    to  Low  Church 
drawl." 

R.  C. 
"  A  human  heart  should  beat  for  two, 

Whatever  say  your  single  scorners, 
And  all  the  hearths  I  evar  knew 

Had  got  a  pair  of  chimney  corners. 
See,  here,  a  double  violet — 

Two  locks  of  hair— a  deal  of  scandal— 
I'll  burn  what  only  brings  regret : 
Go,  Betty,  fetch  a  lighted  candle." 

T.  LESLIE. 

JOHN  SUTTON,  M.D. — I  have  before  me  a  copy 
of  Memoirs  of  the  Life  of  the  late  Reverend  Mr. 
John  Jackson,  Master  of  Wigstorfs  Hospital,  in 
Leicester,  frc.  (Lond.  8vo,  1764.)  On  the  fly- 
leaf is  this  note  in  pencil :  "  These  Memoirs 
were  published  by  Dr.  Sutton  of  Leicester. 
(Lempriere.)"  Mr.  Nichols  (Lit.  Anec.  ii.  528 ; 
Hist,  of  Leicestershire,  i.  500)  also  attributes  the 
authorship  to  Dr.  Sutton,  of  Leicester.  Dr. 
Munk  (Roll  of  Coll.  of  Phys.  ii.  133)  adds  to  this 
scanty  and  unsatisfactory  information  the  facts 
that  Dr.  Sutton  was  a  doctor  of  medicine ;  that 
his  Christian  name  was  John,  and  that  he  was 
admitted  an  Extra  Licentiate  of  the  College  of 
Physicians  December  10,  1742.  I  hope  through 
your  columns  to  ascertain  his  parentage  and  uni- 
versity, also  the  date  of  his  death.  S.  Y.  R. 

TEA  STATISTICS.  —  From  an  able  article  on 
"  The  Progress  of  India,"  in  The  Edinburgh  Re- 
view for  January,  1864,  I  gather  the  following : 
that  13,222  acres  in  Assam  are  estimated  to  yield 
1,788,787  Ibs. ;  6,0771  acres  in  Cachar  are  esti- 
mated to  yield  336,800  Ibs. ;  8,762  acres  in  Dar- 
jeeling  are  estimated  to  yield  78,244  Ibs. 

^  According  to  these  figures,  one  acre  in  Assam 
yields  over  one  hundred  and  thirty-five  pounds  of 
tea ;  and  one  acre  in  Cachar,  over  fifty -five  p&ands 
of  tea ;  while  one  acre  in  Darjeeling  yields  under 
nine  pounds  of  tea.  What  yield  of  tea  is  required 
per  acre  to  repay  the  ordinary  cost  of  cultivation  ? 

DOUBT. 


JOHN  WILLIAMS,  alias  ANTHONY  PASQUIW.  — 
This  person  is  justly  characterised  by  Watt  as  a 
literary  character  of  the  lowest  description 

The  latest  of  his  works  which  Watt  enumerates 
is  The  Dramatic  Censor,  to  be  continued  monthly, 
8vo,  1811. 

Under  date  June  4,  1821,  the  poet  Moore  re- 
cords :  "  Kenny  said  that  Anthony  Pasquin  (who 
was  a  very  dirty  fellow)  died  of  a  cold  caught  by 
washing  his  face." 

The  date  of  this  event  will  oblige. 

s.  r.  R. 

THOMAS  WILLIAMS.  —  Sir  George  Hutchins,  a 
Sergeant- at- Law,  was  knighted,  1689.  He  was 
subsequently  Lord  Commissioner  of  the  Great 
Seal  to  William  and  Mary.  He  had  two  daugh- 
ters coheiresses ;  the  younger  married  William 
Pierre  Williams,  Esq.,  of  Denton,  co.  Lincoln ;  his 
eldest  son,  Hutchins,  was  made  a  baronet,  1747. 
Qy.  Who  married  the  other  daughter  ?  Was  her 
name  Mary  ? 

Richard  Williams,  by  his  coat  of  arms,  handed 
down  on  his  seal  —  viz.  crest :  a  Saracen's  head 
erased;  the  arms:  gules,  a  chevron  ermine,  between 
three  Saxons'  [Saracens'?]  heads  couped;  quarterly, 
with  gules,  a  chevron  argent  between  three  stags' 
heads  cabossed ;  motto :  "  Heb  Dduw  heb  ddim, 
Duw  a  digon,"  shows  him  to  have  been  of  the 
ancient  family  of  Williams  of  Penrhyn,  Cochwillan, 
and  Meillionydd,  co.  Carnarvon.  He  was  born,  co. 

Carnarvon,  July  17,  1719;  married  Mary (?), 

born  Feb.  18,  1713,  and  settled  at  Leighton-Buz- 
zard,  co.  Bedford,  where  his  eldest  son  Hutchins 
was  born  Dec.  8,  1740. 

Was  Mary  the  elder  daughter  of  Sir  George 
Hutchins,  Knight?  Whose  son  was  Richard 
Williams  ?  Was  he  youngest  son  of  Arthur  Wil- 
liames  of  Meillionydd,  who  died  Oct.  1723  ?  By 
a  pedigree  sent  me,  the  children  of  Arthur  and 
Meriel  his  wife,  heiress  of  Lumley  Williams,  were 
—  Lumley,  born  Oct.  1704;  Meriell,  Nov.  1705; 
Lumley,  June,  1707 ;  Edward,  Oct.  1708  ;  John, 
1712  ;  no  others  are  mentioned. 

Was  Richard  born  July,  1719,  aforesaid,  as  I 
have  heard,  is  stated  in  Randulph  Holmes's  He- 
raldic MS.  of  North  Wales,  Arthur's  youngest 
son  ?  All  Arthur  Williames's  children  appear  to 
have  been  minors  at  the  time  of  his  death. 

R.  P.  W. 

LOED  WINTON'S  ESCAPE  FROM  THE  TOWEB. — 
In  the  report  of  the  trial,  in  1716,  of  George, 
Earl  of  Winton,  for  accession  to  the  rebellion  of 
the  previous  year,  it  is  stated  (see  Howell's  State 
Trials,  vol.  xv.)  that  after  sentence  of  death  had 
been  given,  "  he  was  carried  back  to  the  Tower, 
whence  he  afterwards  made  his  escape."  In 
Wood's  edition  of  Douglas's  Scotch  Peerage,  it  is 
stated  (vol.  ii.  p.  648)  that  "  He  found  means  to 
escape  out  of  the  Tower  of  London,  August  4, 


176 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  FEB.  27,  '64. 


1716,  and  died  unmarried  at  Rome,  December  19, 
1749,  aged  upwards  of  70." 

Smollett,  in  his  History,  makes  no  mention  of 
the  trial ;  nor  is  any  explanation  given  by  Wood 
why  the  Earl  had  remained  so  long  under  the 
sentence  without  it  having  been  carried  into  exe- 
cution ;  for  the  date  of  the  escape,  as  I  have  just 
quoted,  was  in  August,  and  the  sentence  was 
pronounced  on  March  19  previous. 

Can  any  of  your  correspondents  refer  me  to  a 
detailed  account  of  the  means  by  which  the  escape 
was  effected  ?  or  an  explanation  of  the  reason  of 
the  long  delay  which  I  have  noticed  ?  G. 

Edinburgh. 

Catteries  untlj  gn£fo£t£. 

IVANHOE:  WAVERLEY. — In  what  counties  of 
England  lie  the  villages  of  Ivanhoe  and  Waverley, 
which  perhaps  furnished  the  names  of  two  of  Scott's 
best  novels  ?  I  once  saw  them  in  looking  over 
the  maps  in  old  Camden,  but  cannot  light  upon 
them  again.  Is  Ivanhoe  Celtic,  Saxon,  or  Nor- 
man ?  What  is  the  meaning  of  hoe,  or  koo,  which 
terminates  the  names  of  many  English  villages 
and  hamlets  ?  Ivan  is  the  same  as  John  or  Juan, 
which  seems  to  be  derived  from  the  Asiatic  word 
Juan,  meaning  a  youth.  Many  European  names 
have  their  etymons  and  analogues  in  India:  for 
example,  Jane  is  Sanscrit  for  a  woman  ;  Amina  is 
Tamil  for  a  mother,  and  is  a  common  name  among 
Hindoo  women ;  Finetta  is  the  Sanscrit  Vanita, 
a  woman ;  Pamela  is  Indian  (Tamil)  for  a  woman  ; 
Emma  is  Indian  (Tamil)  for  a  mother ;  Ina, 
Emily,  Ella,  Anna,  Elsee,  are  names  of  Hindoo 
women  as  well  as  of  European.  H.  C. 

[The  name  of  Ivanhoe  was  suggested,  as  the  story 
goes,  by  an  old  rhyme  recording  three  names  of  the 
manors  forfeited  by  the  ancestor  of  the  celebrated  Hamp- 
den,  for  striking  the  Black  Prince  a  blow  with  his  racket, 
when  they  quarrelled  at  tennis :  — 

"  Tring,  Wing,  and  Ivanhoe, 

For  striking  of  a  blow, 

Hampden  did  forego, 

And  glad  he  could  escape  so." 

The  word  suited  Scott's  purpose ;  but,  as  the  Messrs. 
Lysons  remark,  "  this  tradition,  like  many  others,  will 
not  bear  the  test  of  examination ;  for  it  appears  by  re- 
cord, that  neither  the  manors  of  Tring,  Wing,  or  Ivanhoe, 
ever  were  in  the  Hampden  family."  (Bucks,  vol.  i.  pt.  in. 
p.  571.) 

As  to  the  title  of  his  work  Waverley,  Scott  informs  us 
that  he  "  had  only  to  seize  upon  the  most  sounding  and 
euphonic  surname  that  English  history  or  topography 
affords,  and  elect  it  at  once  as  the  title  of  my  work,  and 
the  name  of  my  hero."  The  ancient  abbey  of  Waverley, 
the  first  of  the  Cistercian  order  in  this  country,  was  three 
miles  from  Farnham,  in  the  county  of  Surrey,  and  its 
delightful  situation  has  been  often  adverted  to  by  travel- 
lers. It  was  granted,  with  all  the  estates  belonging  to  it, 


to  Sir  William  Fitz- William,  Earl  of  Southampton,  in 
1537.  Moore  Park,  the  seat  of  Sir  William  Temple, 
beautifully  situated  on  the  bank  of  the  Wey,  may  be  said 
to  adjoin  Waverley  Abbey;  and  there  are  some  wild 
legends  connected  with  the  locality  which  would  capti- 
vate the  fancy  of  Scott  as  a  novelist,  especially  the  cavern 
still  popularly  called  "  Mother  Ludlam's  Hole,"  the  sup- 
posed dwelling-place  of  a  hag  or  witch;  who,  unlike 
beings  of  her  class,  is  said  to  have  been  very  kindly  dis- 
posed towards  her  neighbours. 

Hasted,  in  his  Kent,  says,  "  Hoo  comes  from  the  Saxon 
hou,  a  hill."  Ihre  derives  the  word  from  hoeg,  high. 
Spelman,  voc.  Hoga,  observes  that  ho,  how,  signifies  mons, 
collis.] 

LORD  GLENBERVIE.  —  The  other  day  a  friend 
repeated  the  following  lines,  and  asked  me  if  I 
could  supply  the  remainder.  He  attributed  them 
to  Sheridan :  — 

"  Glenbervie,  Glenbervie, 

So  clever  in  scurvy, 
Has  the  Peer  quite  the" Doctor  forgot? 

For  thine  arms  thou  shalt  quarter 

A  pestle  and  mortar ; 
Thy  crest  be  thine  own  gallipot." 

The  lines  were  new  to  me,  and  I  have  always 
been  under  the  impression  that  the  antecedents  of 
Sylvester  Douglas  had  been  legal,  and  not  medi- 
cal. Still,  he  may  have  embarked  in  physic  be- 
fore he  took  to  the  law. 

Can  any  of  your  readers  supply  the  lines,  or 
enlighten  me  as  to  Mr.  Douglas's  original  pro- 
fession ?  Or  can  they  fix  the  locus  in  quo  of  his 
marriage  with  the  daughter  of  Lord  North  ? 

DORSET. 

[Sylvester  Douglas,  Lord  Glenbervie,  was  born  at 
Ellon,  co.  Aberdeen,  on  May  24,  1743 ;  and  completed  his 
education  at  the  University  of  Aberdeen,  where  he  waa 
distinguished  both  as  a  scientific  and  classical  scholar. 
He  studied  medicine  at  first,  but  afterwards  forsook  it 
for  the  profession  of  the  bar.  On  Sept.  26,  1789,  he  was 
married,  by  special  license,  at  Lord  North's  house,  to  the 
Hon.  Miss  Katharine  Anne  North,  his  lordship's  eldest 
daughter.  In  1800,  Mr.  Douglas  was  appointed  governor 
of  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope;  and  was  on  that  occasion 
advanced  to  the  dignity  of  a  peer  of  Ireland,  by  the  title 
of  Baron  Glenbervie  of  Kincardine. 

Towards  the  close  of  the  last,  and  the  commencement 
of  the  present  century,  appeared  a  string  of  pasquinades, 
principally  by  Sheridan,  but  a  few  stanzas  were  contri- 
buted by  Tickell  and  Lord  John  Townshend.  According 
to  Moore's  Diary,  ii.  312,  those  on  Lord  Glenbervie 
were  by  Sheridan,  and  were  almost  written  off-hand  by 
him:  — 

"  Glenbervie,  Glenbervie, 

What's  good  for  the  scurvy  ? 
For  ne'er  be  j'our  old  trade  forgot — 
In  your  arms  rather  quarter 
A  pestle  and  mortar, 
And  your  crest  be  a  spruce  gallipot, 
Glenbervie, 
Your  crest  be  a  spruce  gallipot. 


3'd  S.  V.  FEB.  27,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


177 


"  Glenbervie,  Glenbervie, 
The  world's  topsy-turvy, 
Of  this  truth  you're  the  fittest  attester ; 
For  who  can  deny 
That  the  Low  become  High, 
When  the  King  makes  a  Lord  of  Silvester? 

Glenbervie, 
When  the  King  makes  a  Lord  of  Silvester  ?" 

As  Lord  Glenbervie  ascribed  his  rise  to  the  reputation 
he  had  acquired  by  reporting  Lord  Mansfield's  decisions 
he  wisely  took  for  his  motto,  " Per  varies  CASUS."  "This 
is  rather  better,"  remarks  Lord  Campbell,  "  than  that 
adopted  by  a  learned  acquaintance  of  mine  on  setting  up 
his  carriage,  'Causes  produce  Effects,'  which  is  pretty 
much  in  the  style  of  *  Quid  rides,'  for  the  tobacconist ;  or 
'Quack,  Quack,'  for  the  doctor  whose  crest  was  a  duck." 

For  the  remaining  pasquinades — eleven  in  all— consult 
Moore's  Memoirs  of  Sheridan,  edit.  1825,  4to,  pp.  440— 
443 ;  and  Sheridaniana,  8vo,  1826,  pp.  109—113.] 

"  OFFICINA  GENTIUM"  (3rd  S.  v.  157.)— I  use 
the  freedom  to  notice  that  it  does  not  seem  cer- 
tain that  Bishop  Jornandes  was  the  author  of  this 
phrase.  On  the  contrary,  Sir  Thomas  Craig 
ascribes  it  to  Pliny  :  — 

"  Postea  factum  est  cum  'a  septentrione,  quam  Plinius 
officinam  gentium  verissime  dixit,"  &c.,  &c.  —  Craig's 
Jus  Feudale,  edition  1732,  p.  26,  s.  4. 

Or. 

Edinburgh. 

[Our  reply  to  the  inquiry  of  A  (ante,  p.  157)  was 
penned  under  the  full  persuasion  that  the  phrase  "Officina 
Gentium"  not  only  occurs  in  Jornandes,  but  was  to 
be  found  in  no  earlier  writer ;  and  we  are  bound  to  con- 
fess that  we  still  retain  the  same  impression,  though  with 
all  due  deference  to  so  respectable  an  authority  as  Sir 
Thomas  Craig.  Our  present  correspondent  G.  appears  to 
have  felt  satisfied  with  the  statement  of  that  learned 
•writer ;  at  least,  so  far  as  this,  that  he  does  not  inform 
us  whether  he  felt  it  necessary  to  verify  Sir  Thomas's 
statement  by  a  reference  to  Pliny's  own  pages.  Where 
accuracy  is  required,  we  feel  it  safe  to  say  that  NO  cita- 
tion, by  ANT  author,  is  trustworthy,  without  reference  to 
the  author  cited. 

Before  writing  our  previous  article  we  had  taken  proper 
means  to  ascertain  whether  the  phrase  in  question  occurs 
in  Pliny,  or  in  any  writer  of  classical  Rome.  So  far  as 
Pliny  is  concerned,  we  have  now  with  greater  care  re- 
peated our  examination.  The  result  is,  not  only  a  decided 
impression  that  in  the  pages  of  Pliny  no  such  phrase  as 
"  Officina  Gentium  "  is  to  be  found,  but  a  slight  suspicion 
that  Pliny,  living  in  the  first  century,  was  a  very  unlikely 
person  thus  to  designate  Scandinavia,  which  he  speaks 
of  as  an  immense  island  only  partially  known,  and,  so 
far  as  known,  inhabited  by  one  race,  the  Hilleviones 
(iv.  27).  Jornandes,  on  the  contrary,  living  in  the  sixth 
century,  knowing  full  well  what  the  Empire  had  suffered 
from  nations  of  northern  origin  in  the  interval  between 
Pliny's  day  and  his  own,  and  believing  that  many  of 
those  nations  came  in  the  first  instance  from  Scandinavia, 
would  very  naturally  name  that  country  the  «  Officina 


Gentium,"  or  "  Vagina  Nationum."  Of  course,  to  speak 
with  full  authority  on  this  question,  we  ought  to  re- 
peruse  our  old  friend  Pliny  from  end  to  end.  This  our 
avocations  forbid.  At  present  then  we  can  only  say, 
with  thanks  to  our  correspondent,  that  if  he  will  show  us 
the  passage  where  Pliny  applies  to  Scandinavia  the 
phrase  "  Officina  Gentium,"  we  will  renew  our  acknow- 
ledgments, and  own  ourselves  corrected.] 

"  IN  THE  MIDST  or  LIFE  WE  ARE  IN  DEATH," 
ETC.  —  This  beautiful  passage  in  the  Burial  Ser- 
vice of  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  I  observe 
by  a  note  in  The  City  Press  for  Feb.  13,  1864, 
is  "  taken  from  Martin  Luther."  In  which  of 
Luther's  writings  do  the  words  occur  ?  They 
have  been  often  quoted  in  sermons  as  a  verse 
from  the  Bible;  and  the  same  story  is  told  of 
two  celebrated  nonconformist  divines,  Robert 
Hall  and  Dr.  Leifchild,  viz.,  that  when  called 
upon  to  preach  a  funeral  sermon,  one,  or  both, 
of  these  popular  preachers  selected  this  passage 
for  the  text,  at  the  same  time  saying  that  if  it 
was  not  a  verse  of  Scripture,  it  ought  to  be.  Can 
these  masterly  sentences  be  referred  to  Doctor 
Martin?  JUXTA  TURRIM. 

[This  passage  is  derived  from  a  Latin  antiphon,  said 
to  have  been  composed  by  Notker  the  Stammerer,  a 
monk  of  St.  Gall  in  Switzerland,  A.D.  911,  while  watching 
some  workmen  building  a  bridge,  at  Martinsbruck,  in 
peril  of  their  lives.  It  occurs  in  the  Cantarium  Sti.  Galli, 
or  Choir  Book  of  the  monks  of  St.  Gall,  published  in  1845, 
with,  however,  a  slight  deviation  from  the  text.  Hoff- 
mann says  that  this  anthem  by  Notker  was  an  extremely 
popular  battle-song,  through  the  singing  of  which,  before 
and  during  the  fight,  friend  and  foe  hoped  to  conquer. 
It  was  also,  on  many  occasions,  used  as  a  kind  of  incanta- 
tion song.  Therefore,  the  Synod  of  Cologne  ordered 
(A.D.  1316)  that  no  one  should  sing  the  Media  vita  without 
the  leave  of  his  bishop.  The  passage  also  occurs  in  the 
Salisbury  Use  drawn  up  by  Bishop  Osmund  in  the 
eleventh  century  (Brev.  Sarisb.  Psalt.  fol.  55)  :— "  Media 
vita  in  morte  sumus;  quern  quserimus  adjutorem  nisi  te, 
Domine!  qui  pro  peccatis  nostris  juste  irascaris."  It 
forms  the  ground  work  of  a  long  hymn  by  Martin  Lu- 
ther :  — 

"  Mitten  wir  in  leben  sind 
Mit  dem  tod  umbfangwen  (umfangen)." 

That  is,  "  In  the  midat  of  life  we  are  with  death  sur- 
rounded."—Luther's  Geystliche  Lieder  (Spiritual  Songs), 
Hymn  xxxv.,  NUrnberg,  1558.  Vide  "N.  &  Q.,"  1*  S. 
viii.  177,  and  The  Parish  Choir,  iii.  140.] 

ENDYMION  PORTER.  — Was  Endymion  Porter, 
Grroom  of  the  Bedchamber  to  Charles  I.,  and  an 
officer  of  the  Court  of  Star  Chamber,  a  member  of 
the  family  of  Porter  of  Belton,  co.  Lincoln  ? 

GRIME. 

[We  cannot  trace  any  connection  of  the  family  of 
Endymion  Porter  with  that  of  Belton,  co.  Lincoln.  This 


178 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3«*  S.  V.  FEB.  27,  '64 


celebrated  courtier  was  a  descendant  of  William  Porter 
of  Mickleton,  co.  Gloucester,  Serjeant-at-arms  to  Henry 
VIL,  ob.  1513.  Edmund,  the  father  of  Endymion,  mar- 
ried Angelica,  daughter  of  his  cousin  Giles  Porter,  of 
Mickleton.  It  is  traditionally  stated  that  Endymion  was 
born  in  the  manor-house  of  Aston -sub-Edge,  co.  Glouces- 
ter. In  Burke's  Commoners,  ed.  1836,  iii.  577,  the  Walsh- 
Porters  of  Alfarthing,  in  the  parish  of  Wandsworth,  co. 
Surrey,  are  traced  to  this  family,  of  whom  a  pretty  full 
account  is  given.  In  Collectanea  Topog.  et  Genealog.,  vii. 
279,  are  many  extracts  from  the  register  of  Weston- 
under-Edge,  including  several  Porters  and  Overburys. 
For  the  pedigree  of  the  family  of  Endymion,  see  Harl.  MS. 
1543,  p.  69&.] 


CROMWELL'S  HEAD. 

(3rd  S.  v.  119.) 

The  quotation  from  The  Queen  newspaper,  given 
by  H.  W.,  is  exceedingly  curious  and  interesting ; 
as  it  fairly  exhibits  the  amount  and  kind  of  in- 
formation possessed  by  believers  in  spurious  relics, 
as  well  as  their  generally  "rather  involved" — as 
H.  W.  mildly  terms  it — style  of  composition,  and 
their  utter  deficiency  in  anything  approaching  to 
logical  acumen. 

"The  head,"  says  our  author,  "was  subsequently 
separated  from  the  body,  and  placed  on  a  spike  over  the 
gate  at  Temple  Bar." 

Here  is  an  instance  of  the  manner  in  which 
many  an  important  historical  question  is  com- 
plicated by  sheer  ignorance,  and  want  of  the 
slightest  research  or  inquiry.  The  heads  said  to 
be  those  of  Cromwell,  Ireton,  and  Bradshaw,  were 
put  on  Westminster  Hall,  not  on  Temple  Bar  :  — 

"  Bradshaw's  being  placed  in  the  middle,  immediately 
over  that  part  of  the  Hall  where  he  sat  as  President  at 
the  trial  of  Charles  I. ;  the  other  heads  placed  on  either 
side." 

With  the  Wilkinson  head  of  Cromwell  (to  my 
certain  knowledge  there  are  many  others)  we  are 
told  that  there  "  are  preserved  the  actual  docu- 
ments, in  which  are  offered  large  rewards  for  the 
restoration  to  the  authorities  of  the  head,  after  it 
was  blown  down ;  and  severe  threats  upon  those 
who  retained  it  knowingly,  after  these  notices 
were  published."  Of  course,  these  "  actual  docu- 
ments" would  state  the  place  from  whence  the 
head  was  blown ;  and  as,  in  the  same  paragraph, 
we  are  told  that  it  was  Temple  Bar,  the  value  of 
such  documents  may  be  easily  guessed.  But, 
granting  that  such  notices,  offering  reward,  and 
threatening  punishment,  are  in  existence,  and 
that  their  genuine  character  is  indisputable,  they 
do  not  prove  that  the  Wilkinson  head  is  the  head 
of  Cromwell;  nor  do  they  throw  the  slightest 
light  on  the  mysterious  question  of  the  great 
Englishman's  burial  place. 


The  writer  in  The  Queen  says,  evidently  as  an 
argument  for  the  authenticity  of  the  head  :  "  the 
flesh  has  been  embalmed,  which  would  not  have 
been  the  case  with  the  remains  of  an  ordinary 
person." 

But  the  embalming,  though  the  words,  "has 
been  embalmed,"  are  italicised,  does  not  prove 
that  the  head  was  Cromwell's.  This  argument 
was  much  better  put  in  the  last  century,  when 
the  American  and  French  revolutions  had  raised 
a  republican  mania  in  England;  and,  conse- 
quently, almost  every  penny  show  had  its  real, 
actual,  old,  original,  identical  Cromwell's  head. 
Then  an  embalmed  head  was  valuable,  for  Mr. 
Showman  could  say  :  "  Observe,  ladies  and  gen- 
tlemen, this  head  has  been  embalmed,  and  in  it 
is  the  spike  upon  which  it  was  placed ;  now,  can 
you  mention  any  other  historical  character  whose 
head  was  embalmed,  either  before  or  after  it  had 
been  cut  off  and  spiked  ?  "  'This,  of  course,  would 
be  convincing  to  some  of  a  certain  calibre  among 
the  spectators ;  but  certainly  not  to  others,  who 
had  common  sense  enough  to  consider  that  an  em- 
balmed head  might  have  quietly  rested  attached 
to  its  body  in  its  coffin  for  many  years ;  and  then 
might  have  been  cut  off,  and  placed  on  a  spike  by 
some  sacrilegious  scoundrel,  and  sold  or  exhibited 
for  filthy  lucre. 

In  a  periodical  (The  Phrenological  Journal), 
that  once  assumed  a  sort  of  semi-scientific  cha- 
racter, but  has  long  since  fallen  into  well-merited 
obscurity,  there  is  a  paper  (vol.  xvii.  p.  368)  by 
a  Mr.  O'Donovan  on  the  Wilkinson  head.  This 
gentleman,  begging  the  question  by  overlooking 
the  obvious  absurdness  of  the  embalming  argu- 
ment, lays  great  stress,  with  plenty  of  italics,*  on 
it  thus :  — 

"  But  the  capital  fact,  on  whose  evidence  the  claims  of 
this  interesting  relic  rest,  is  one  to  which  there  is  no 
parallel  in  history.  It  is  this — the  head  must  have  been 
embalmed,  and  must  have  been  so  before  its  transfixion. 
The,  like  conditions,  it  is  believed,  cannot  be  predicated  of 
any  known  head  in  the  world" 

The  Wilkinson  head,  wo  are  told,  has  never 
been  publicly  exhibited  for  money.  And  there 
is  no  allusion  to  exhibition  in  the  quotation  from 
The  Queen,  which  merely  states  :  — 

"  It  remained  in  this  soldier's  family  for  several  gene- 
rations ;  till  at  last,  not  many  years  ago,  it  was  given  by 
the  last  survivor  of  his  family  to  Mr.  Wilkinson,  a  sur- 
geon of  Sandgate,  near  Folkestone;  and  is,  at  this 
moment,  in  the  possession  of  that  gentleman's  son." 

Again  we  read  in  «N.  &  Q."  (1st  S.  xii.  75)  :— 

"  The  head  in  question  has  been  the  property  of  the 
family  to  which  it  belongs  for  many  years  back,  and  is 
considered  by  the  proprietor  as  a  relic  of  great  value;  it 
has  several  times  been  transferred  by  legacy  to  different 

*  Italics,  in  writing,  seem  to  have  a  considerable  affinity 
to  oaths  in  conversation;  and  ever  imply  weakness  in 
evidence,  argument,  or  intellect,  or,  in  all  three. 


3rd  S.  V.  FEB.  27,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


179 


branches  of  the  family,  and  has  lately,  it  is  said,  been  in- 
herited by  a  young  lady." 

One  more  notice  of  this  wonderful  head  :  — 
"  This  interesting  relic  is  retained  in  great  secresy, 
from  the  apprehension  of  a  threat,  intimated  in  the 
reign  of  George  III.,  that  if  made  public,  it  would  be 
seized  by  government,  as  the  only  party  to  which  it 
could  properly  belong."  («  N.  &  Q.,"  1st  S.  v.  275.) 

Now,  as  an  embalmed  head  of  Cromwell  has 
been  publicly  exhibited,  it  is  clear  that  there  are 
two  embalmed  heads ;  and  consequently  the  argu- 
ment about  the  embalmment,  previously  alluded  to, 
worthless  as  it  is,  falls  to  the  ground.  This  fact 
is  proved  by  the  following  exhibition  advertise- 
ment from  the  Morning  Chronicle  of  March  18th, 
1799: 

"  The  Real  Embalmed  Head  of  the  Powerful  and  Re- 
nowned Usurper,  Oliver  Cromwell,"  &c.,  &c. 

I  need  not  quote  the  whole  of  the  advertise- 
ment, as  it  has  already  appeared  in  "  N.  &  Q." 
(lrt  S.  xi.  496)  ;  but  it  ends  with  the  following 
words  :  — 

"  A  genuine  Narrative  relating  to  the  Acquisition, 
Concealment,  and  Preservation  of  these  Articles,  to  be 
had  at  the  place  of  Exhibition." 

We  all  know  what  showmen's  genuine  narra- 
tives are  worth ;  still  there  seems  to  be  a  rather 
suspicious  relationship  between  the  "  genuine  nar- 
rative," and  the  "  actual  documents "  already 
noticed. 

I  must  apologise  for  occupying  so  much  space  and 
attention  with  this  embalming  argument,  as  used 
by  the  proprietors  and  exhibitors  of  Cromwells 
heads.  I  merely  did  so,  to  show  the  mental  calibre 
of  the  race  of  anatomical  relic-mongers.  For  I  could 
have  disposed  of  the  question  at  once,  by  proving 
that  Cromwell's  head  was  no*  embalmed ;  nor  can 
it  be  said  even  that  his  body  was,  in  the  sense  in 
which  the  word  embalmed  is  used  now,  and  at  the 
period  of  the  Protector's  death.  Dr.  George  Bate, 
who  was  successively  physician  to  Charles  I., 
Cromwell,  and  Charles  II.,  gave  the  autopsy  of 
the  usurper  to  the  public  in  the  second  part  of  his 
Elenchi  Motuum  Nuperorum  in  Anglia,  published 
just  five  years  after  Cromwell's  death,  when  there 
must  have  been  plenty  alive  to  contradict  him  if 
he  dared  to  state  that  which  was  in  any  form  in- 
correct; and  thus  he  tells  what  was  done  with 
Cromwell's  body :  — 

"  Corpus  etsi  exenteratum  aromate  repletum,  ceratisque 
sextuplicibus  involutum,  loculo  primum  plumbeo,  dein 
ligneo  fortique  includeretur ;  obstacula  tamen  universa 
perrumpente  fermento,  totas  perflavit  sedes  adeo  tetra 
Mephiti,  ut  ante  solennes  exequias  terrae  mandari  neces- 
aarium  fuerit." 

So  we  learn  that  the  intestines  were  removed, 
and  their  place  being  filled  with  spices,  the  body 
was  wrapped  in  a  six-fold  cerecloth,  put  into -a 
leaden  coffin,  and  the  last  into  a  strong  wooden 
one.  Yet  the  corruption  burst  through  all ;  and 


the  foul  smell  pervading  the  whole  house,  it  was 
necessary  to  inter  the  body  before  the  solemnities 
of  the  funeral.  Not  a  word  is  said  about  the 
head :  so  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  we  shall  hear  no 
more  of  the  Wilkinson  embalmed  cranium,  and 
that  H.  W.  will  acknowledge  that  the  magnificent 
burial  of  the  Protector  is  not  "still  a  disputed 
point."  For  if  the  preceding  quotation  from  the 
Elenchi  Motuum  be  not  history,  it  is  the  material 
from  which  history  is  formed,  and  would  be  re- 
ceived as  good  and  lawful  evidence  in  any  English 
court  of  justice  at  the  present  day.  Bate  does 
not  tell  us  what  was  done  with  the  body  ;  very 
probably,  he  did  not  know.  But  it  was  well  known 
by  the  populace,  at  the  magnificent  lying  in  state 
and  public  funeral,  that  the  body  was  not  there, 
that  its  place  was  supplied  by  a  waxen  figure : 
and,  while  the  better  informed  understood  that 
Cromwell's  friends — to  use  the  words  of  Clau- 
dius— "in  hugger-mugger"  did  inter  him,  the 
more  ignorant  and  vulgar  confidently  believed 
that  the  Devil  had  saved  all  posthumous  trouble, 
by  flying  away  with  the  Protector  wholly  and 
corporeally.  So  general,  and  so  strong  was  this 
belief,  that  even  the  grave  and  learned  royal 
physician,  Dr.  Bate,  absolutely  condescends  to 
contradict  it,  before  he  proceeds  to  describe  the 
state  of  Cromwell's  body  after  death. 

The  best  and  most  rational  argument  for  the 
authenticity  of  the  Wilkinson  head  yet  adduced, 
was  given,  as  I  am  informed,  at  a  lecture,  not 
long  since  delivered  in  a  suburban  locality,  where 
the  head  itself  was  exhibited.  I  mav  presume,  that 
whatever  the  public  paid  for  admittance  was  re- 
ceived forbearing  the  lecture,  and  not  for  seeing  the 
head.  However  that  may  be,  the  lecturer,  having 
called  the  attention  of  his  audience  to  the  round- 
ness in  form  of  the  cranium,  said :  "  Ladies  and 
gentlemen,  this  is  a  convincing  proof  that  the 
head  is  Cromwell's ;  for,  as  you  all  know,  he  was 
the  chief  of  the  Eoundheads  "  ! ! 

The  subject  is,  indeed,  quite  beneath  criticism  ; 
but  any  allusion  to  the  heads  of  deceased  notabili- 
ties has  a  very  peculiar  import  at  the  present  time, 
when  a  swarm  of  ephemera  are  only  noticeable  by 
their  basking  and  buzzing  in  the  reflected  rays  of 
a  great  name :  when,  on  all  sides,  there  re-echoes 
the  jubilant  chorus — "  How  delightfully  we  Shak- 
spearian  apples  swim!"  In  the  church  at  Strat- 
ford-upon-Avon,  there  are  the  following  well- 
known  lines ;  little  better  than  doggrel,  it  is  true, 
yet  of  serious  if  not  solemn  signification  :  — 

"  GOOD   FREND   FOR  JESUS   SAKE   FORBEABE, 
TO  DIGG  THE   DUST  ENCLOASED   HEARE ; 
1JLESTE   BE   Y*   MAN   Y1   SPARES   THES   STONES, 
AND   CVRST   BE   HE   Y1  MOVES  MY   BONES." 

And  it  is  to  be  hoped,  that  if  any  sacrilegious 
wretches  dare  to  disturb  the  honoured  remains  of 
our  great  bard,  under  any  pretext  whatever^that 
the  public,  generally  and  individually,  will  neither 


180 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  FEB.  27,  '64. 


spare  nor  respect  the  bones  of  such  grave-grub- 
bing ghoules  ;  who,  being  destitute  of  moral  feeling 
and  intelligence,  can  be  only  impressed  by  the 
argumentum  baculinum,  freely  administered  under 
the  dictum  of  Judge  Lynch. 

WILLIAM  PINKERTON. 

Attention  has  once  more  been  directed,  in  your 
columns,  to  the  head  said  to  be  that  of  Cromwell, 
and  now  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  W.  A.  Wilkin- 
son. I  have  the  pleasure  of  knowing  that  gentle- 
man ;  and  although  I  have  not  spoken  to  him  on 
the  subject,  I  feel  assured  that  he  would  most 


head  several  times ;  and,  as  I  stated  in  a  former 
communication,  it  is  difficult  to  resist  the  evi- 
dence in  favour  of  this  being  the  head  of  the 
Protector.  Mr.  Wilkinson  treasures  the  relic; 
but  offers  to  those  who  view  it,  the  evidence  in 
his  own  possession,  leaving  each  observer  to  draw 
his  own  conclusions.  MR.  BUCKLAND  is  in  error 
in  some  not  unimportant  particulars ;  and  I  will 
give  the  true  version  of  the  history  so  far  as  it 
has  descended  to  Mr.  Wilkinson,  and  this  version 
is  sustained  by  documentary  proof  in  his  pos- 
session. 

The  head  was  not  placed  upon  Temple  Bar,  but 
upon  the  top  of  Westminster  Hall,  along  with  the 
heads  of  Ireton  and  Bradshaw.  About  the  latter 
end  of  the  reign  of  James  II.,  it  was  blown  down 
on  a  gusty  night,  and  picked  up  by  the  sentinel 
on  duty.  Probably  this  soldier  might  have  been 
attached  to  the  memory  of  the  dead  General,  or 
have  disposed  of  it  to  some  old  republican ;  but 
it  is  certain  that  it  was  not  recovered,  although  a 
proclamation  was  issued  by  the  government  com- 
manding its  restoration.  It  was  at  length  sold  to 
a  member  of  the  family  of  Russell,  of  Cambridge- 
shire— a  family  which  had  been  united  to  that  of 
Cromwell  by  several  marriages.  It  descended 
down  to  Samuel  Russell,  who  exhibited  it  for 
money ;  but  who  ultimately  sold  it  to  Mr.  Cox, 
•who  had  a  museum  in  Spring  Gardens.  This  was 
in  1787.  Mr.  Cox,  however,  did  not  exhibit  it ; 
but,  at  the  sale  of  this  museum,  sold  it  for  320Z. 
to  three  joint  purchasers.  These  persons  ex- 
hibited the  head  about  1790,  charging  half-a- 
crown  for  admission.  The  account  then  goes  on 
to  state,  that  the  last  of  these  persons  died  of 
apoplexy,  and  the  head  became  the  property  of 
his  daughter ;  and  she  sold  it  to  Mr.  Wilkinson, 
the  father  of  its  present  proprietor.  There  is  a 
memorandum  in  the  handwriting  of  Mr.  Wilkin- 
son, and  the  following  is  an  extract  from  it : — 

"  June  25,  1827.  This  head  has  now  been  in  my  pos- 
session for  a  period  of  fifteen  years.  I  have  shown  it  to 
hundreds  of  people,  and  only  one  gentleman  brought 


forward  an  objection  to  any  part  of  the  evidence.  He 
was  a  Member  of  Parliament,  and  a  descendant  by  a 
collateral  branch  from  Oliver  Cromwell.  He  told  me,  in 
contradiction  to  my  remarks,  that  chestnut  hair  never 
turned  grey ;  that  he  had  a  lock  of  hair,  at  his  country 
house,  which  was  cut  from  the  Protector's  head  on  his 
death-bed,  and  had  been  carefully  passed  down  through 
his  family  to  his  possession,  which  lock  of  hair  was  per- 
fectly grey.  This  gentleman  has  since  expressed  his 
opinion  that  the  long  exposure  was  sufficient  to  have 
changed  the  colour  of  the  hair." 

I  think  it  has  been  stated,  that  when  the  coffin 
of  Charles  I.  was  opened,  the  hair  was  found  to 
be  of  a  light  brown  colour ;  while  it  is  known 
that,  at  the  period  of  his  execution,  the  hair  was 
a  grizzly  black.  The  change  in  this  case  was 
attributed  to  the  process  of  embalming.  The 
head,  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  Wilkinson,  has 
been  embalmed. 

The  memorandum  from  which  I  have  quoted 
goes  on  to  say,  that  the  late  Oliver  Cromwell, 
Esq.  (a  descendant  of  the  Protector),  compared 
this  head  with  an  original  cast  in  his  possession, 
and  was  perfectly  satisfied  of  the  genuineness  of 
the  skull.  Dr.  Southgate,  the  librarian  of  the 
British  Museum,  after  comparing  it  with  several 
models  and  coins,  expressed  himself  to  the  joint 
proprietors :  "  Gentlemen,  you  may  be  assured 
that  this  is  really  the  head  of  Oliver  Cromwell." 

Mr.  King,  the  medallist,  has  also  left  an  opinion 
in  writing.  He  says :  — 

"  The  head  shown  to  me  for  Oliver  Cromwell's  I 
verily  believe  to  be  his  real  head,  as  I  have  carefully 
examined  it  with  the  coin ;  and  think  the  outline  of  the 
face  exactly  corresponds  with  it,  so  far  as  remains.  The 
nostril,  which  is  still  to  be  seen,  inclines  downwards,  as 
it  does  in  the  coin :  the  cheek  bone  seems  to  be  as  it 
was  engraved ;  and  the  colour  of  the  hair  is  the  same  as 
in  one  well  copied  from  an  original  painting  by  Cooper,  in 
his  time,  by  John  Kirt,  Bedford  Street,  Covent  Garden,, 
1775." 

The  eminent  sculptor,  Flaxman,  pronounced 
in  its  favour  ;  and  pointed  out  one  remarkable 
feature,  which  he  said  was  peculiar  to  the  Crom- 
well family,  and  strongly  marked  in  Oliver 
himself — that  of  a  particularly  straight  lower 
jawbone. 

The  head  is  still  upon  the  spike  to  which  it  was 
attached  originally,  and  there  is  every  appearance 
of  the  whole  having  grown  into  decay  together, 
viz.,  the  iron  spike,  the  shaft  to  which  it  has  been 
attached,  and  the  head. 

I  will,  in  a  second  article,  give  a  recapitulation 
of  the  evidence  on  both  sides  of  the  question,  if 
this  is  found  acceptable  to  "  N.  &  Q."  T.  B. 


I  believe  there  is  no  doubt  the  head  in  the 
possession  of  Mr.  Wilkinson  of  Beckenham,  Kent, 
is  that  of  Cromwell.  Let  H.  W.  write  to  Mr. 
Wilkinson;  I  believe  he  will  grant  the  privilege 
sought  for.  JAMES  GILBERT. 

2,  Devonshire  Grove,  Old  Kent  Road,  S.E. 


3"»  S.  V.  FEB.  27,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


181 


THE  DANISH  RIGHT  OF  SUCCESSION. 

(3rd  S.v.  134.) 

In  the  time  of  Hamlet,  the  throne  of  Den- 
mark was  elective  in  the  reigning  house.  (Koch, 
Tableau  des  Revolutions,  i.  272,  n.  2.)  According 
to  Saxo  Grammaticus,  Hamlet  "  counterfeited  the 
madman  to  escape  the  tyranny  of  his  uncle,  and 
was  tempted  by  a  woman  (through  his  uncle's 
procurement),  who  thereby  thought  to  undermine 
the  prince,  and  by  that  means  to  find  out  whether 
he  counterfeited  madness  or  not."  Such  madness, 
real  or  assumed,  was  necessarily  a  bar  to  his 
election  to  the  monarchy.  The  Hamlet  of  his- 
tory was  not  cut  off  in  his  prime,  as  Shakspeare 
disposes  of  him,  but,  on  his  return  from  England 
to  Denmark,  he  slays  his  uncle,  burns  his  palace, 
makes  an  oration  to  the  Danes  (a  most  eloquent 
one  as  given  by  Saxo)  and  is  elected  king.  He 
goes  back  to  England,  kills  the  king  of  that 
country,  returns  to  Denmark  with  two  English 
wives,  and,  finally,  falls  himself  through  the 
treachery  of  one  of  these  ladies.  (Knight's  Studies 
of  Shahspere,  ch.  Hi.  p.  67.)  Other  instances  of 
election  are  on  record.  Denmark  since  1661 
has  been  an  absolute  and  hereditary  monarchy, 
and  was  so  confirmed  by  the  whole  nation.  Fre- 
derick VII.,  the  last  king,  on  July  31,  1853,  pub- 
lished a  new  law  of  succession,  to  the  exclusion 
of  females,  and  appointing  the  present  king,  then 
Prince  Christian  of  Schleswig-Holstein-Sonder- 
bourg-Glucksburg,  his  successor,  and  after  him, 
the  male  descendants  of  his  present  wife  Louise- 
Wilhelmine  -  Frederique- Auguste-Caroline-  Julie, 
born  Princess  of  Hesse,  "  daughter  of  the  sister 
of  the  former  king,  Christian  VIII."  He  thereby 
directs  that  the  order  of  succession  shall  then  be 
exclusively  "  agnatique ; "  and  should  a  failure  in 
male  descent  be  likely  to  occur,  he  further  di- 
rects (?)  that  the  successor  to  the  Danish  throne 
shall  take  care  to  regulate  the  succession  so  as  to 
preserve  the  independence  and  integrity  of  the 
monarchy,  and  the  rights  of  the  crown,  conform- 
ably to  the  second  article  of  the  treaty  of  London 
of  May  8,  1852,  and  to  obtain  for  such  arrange- 
ment the  assent  of  the  European  powers.  (An- 
nuairede  Deux  Mondes,  1853-4,  p.  424.) 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 


Among  the  causes  camantes  of  Hamlet's  discon- 
tent, set  forth  in  the  protasis  of  the  drama  which 
bears  his  name,  is  the  wrong  done  to  himself  in  the 
matter  of  the  Danish  regality;  which  Shakspeare's 
text,  as  well  as  authentic  history,  shows  to  have 
been  elective ;  so  continuing  to  be  until  the  com- 
parative yesterday  of  1660,  when  it  was  made 
hereditary  in  the  present  regnant  family.  His 
uncle's  procurement  thereof,  and  his  own  disap- 
pointment, are  ever  before  him ;  summing  up  his 
father's  murder  and  his  mother's  marriage  with — 


"Popped  in  between  the  election  and  my  hopes." 
And  when,  in  his  own  last  moments,  the  throne 
being  again  vacant,  its  occupant  and  its  expectant 
each  "  bloodily  stricken,"  he  prophesies  that  the 
election  will  light  on  Fortinbras,  to  whom  he  gives 
his  dying  voice.  Claudius,  to  be  sure,  speaks  of 
himself  more  as  an  hereditary  than  an  elected 
sovereign ;  conciliating  his  nephew  as  "  the  most 
immediate  to  our  throne ; "  and  talks  of  the  jus 
dioinum  as  confidently  as  if  he  had  a  dynasty  of  a 
thousand  years  to  reckon  back  upon ;  the  argu- 
ment, however,  goes  for  little:  it  is  a  trick  of 
custom  with  usurpers  to  prate  as  glibly  of  their 
legitimacy  as  usurers  do  of  their  conscience. 

E.  L.  S. 


SITUATION  OF  ZOAR  (3rd  S.  v.  117,  141.)  —On 
a  journey  some  years  since  from  Jerusalem  to 
Petra  and  back,  I  struck  the  Dead  Sea  on  my 
return  towards  the  Holy  City  at  its  southern- 
most point,  and  coasted  along  the  beach  for  some 
distance  between  the  sea  and  that  very  remark- 
able salt  ridge,  Khasm-hsdum,  which,  in  my 
humble  opinion,  is  Lot's  wife.  At  some  little  dis- 
tance from  the  northern  extremity  of  this  ridge 
is  a  small  heap  of  stones  having  more  the  appear- 
ance of  the  circular  foundations  of  a  tower,  or, 
more  correctly  perhaps,  the  foundations  of  a  circu- 
lar tower  than  anything  else.  My  Arab  guides 
unasked  called  it  by  that  name,  or  rather  by  its 
present  Arabic  representative,  Zogheir.  The  ex- 
pression was  familar  to  me,  though  no  Arabic 
or  Hebrew  scholar,  from  the  fact  that  my  guides 
always  spoke  of  my  companion  by  that  title,  El 
Zogheir,  the  lesser,  as  distinguished  from  myself 
(El  Kebir)  as  being  rather  lofty  of  stature.  This 
site  must  not  be  confounded  with  another  in  the 
neighbourhood  where  I  afterwards  passed  the 
night.  Zuweirah  El  Fokah  and  El  Tattah,  the 
Upper  and  Lower,  which  has  a  different  etymolo- 
gical root  alogether  I  believe. 

Now,  to  proceed  to  a  still  darker  and  more  my- 
sterious subject  —  the  sites  of  the  other  cities  of 
the  plain.  At  a  subsequent  visit  to  the  Dead  Sea 
at  its  northernmost  point,  about  two  miles  from 
the  embouchure  of  the  Jordan,  I  saw  an  island  in 
the  sea,  which,  owing  no  doubt  to  the  shallowness 
of  its  waters  after  two  seasons'  draught,  had 
emerged  from  its  depths,  and  on  it  I  could  make  out 
distinctly  roughly-squared  stones,  and  columns  of 
the  simplest  form.  Whether  this  be  any  vestige 
of  Sodom  or  Gomorrah,  Admah  or  Zeboim,  I  do 
not  venture  an  opinion ;  I  simply  state  the  fact. 

May  we  not  look  for  the  fearful  fate  of  the 
cities  in  the  word  Gomorrah  itself,  which  I  have 
understood  to  be  perpetuated  in  its  present  Arabic 
form,  Ghamarah,  to  submerge. 

I  shall  be  happy  to  give  C.  GROVE  or  A.  E.  L 
any  further  information  in  my  power. 


182 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3T<*  S.  V.  FEB.  27,  '64. 


ARCHITECTS  or  PERSHORE  AND  SALISBURY 
(3rd  S.  v.  72.)  —  Your  correspondent,  writing 
upon  the  subject  of  the  Richardson  Family,  ob- 
serves in  reference  to  what  remains  of  the  once 
stately  Abbey  of  Pershore,  which  is  now  being 
restored,  "  that  Mr.  Gilbert  Scott  thinks  its  great 
lantern  tower  was  erected  by  the  same  architect, 
or  by  a  close  imitator  of  him,  who  built  the 
steeple  of  Salisbury." 

A  few  years  since,  when  making  sketches  of 
this  building,  I  was  also  struck  with  the  close  re- 
semblance mentioned,  and  being  now  engaged  in 
writing  a  paper  to  show  some  remarkable  simi- 
larities in  the  accredited  works  of  some  of  our 
great  mediseval  architects,  such  as  Lanfranc, 
Gundulph,  Flambard,  William  of  Sens,  and  others, 
I  sought  in  the  History  of  Pershore  Abbey,  for  the 
name  of  the  abbot  under  whose  rule  it  was  pro- 
bable that  the  tower  and  choir  of  Pershore  were 
built,  but  could  find  no  information  on  the  sub- 
ject. Upon  searching,  however,  the  Pratlington 
Manuscripts  in  the  Library  of  the  Society  of 
Antiquaries,  I  found  a  full  account  of  the  abbots 
of  the  once  famous  monastery  of  Evesham,  near 
Pershore,  and  singularly  enough,  I  discovered 
that,  in  the  year  1282,  "  William  de  Wytechurch 
or  Marlborough,  a  monk  of  Pershore,  was  elected 
Abbot  of  Evesham,"  and  that  by  him  and  his  suc- 
cessors extensive  additions  were  made  to  the 
abbey  church. 

Nothing  can,  therefore,  be  more  probable  than 
that  this  William  de  Wytechurch  (not  many  miles 
from  Salisbury),  either  brought  with  him  into 
Worcestershire  the  master  masons  from  Salisbury, 
or  such  working  drawings  as  enabled  him  to  erect 
the^tower  of  Pershore  in  a  manner  so  like  that  of 
Salisbury,  which  was  then  building.  The  coin- 
cidence may,  I  think,  be  thus  satisfactorily  ac- 
counted for.  BENJ.  FERRET. 

STAMP  DUTY  ON  PAINTERS'  CANVASS  (3rd  S.  v. 
99,  141.)— Your  correspondent,  J.  H.  BURN,  is 
correct  as  to  the  year  (1831)  he  assigns  for  the 
total  repeal  of  the  excise  duty  on  linens,  can- 
vasses, &c. ;  but  he  is  incorrect  as  to  the  date  he 
cites  as  that  on  which  the  above  duty  was  first 
charged. 

The  excise  duty  on  "  silks,  calicoes,  linens,  or 
stuffs,  printed,  painted,  or  stained,"  was  first  im- 
posed by  the  statute  10  Anne  cap.  19,  for  thirty- 
two  years  from  July  20, 1712-13,  but  subsequently 
made  perpetual;  and  under  various  Acts  making 
regulations  for  securing  the  duties,  &c.,  continued, 
till  finally  repealed  by  1  Will.  IV.  cap.  17  (1831.) 

"  Linens,"  &c.,  produced  to  the  officer  of  excise 
to  be  charged  with  duty  for  printing,  painting, 
&c.,  had  a  mark  impressed  by  him  on  each  end  of 
the  piece,  to  denote  that  an  account  of  it  was 
taken.  This  mark  was  technically  termed  a  frame 
mark ;  and  the  ciphers  thereon,  when  explained, 
mcontestibly  point  out  the  year  in  which  this 


mark  had  been  used  on  the  fabric  found  stamped 
with  it.  The  writer  has  cognisance  of  the  frame 
marks  used  in  1781. 

A  seal,  or  duty  charge  stamp,  was  also  used. 
The  statement,  therefore,  that  pictures  painted  by 
Gainsborough  (who  died  in  1788),  or  by  Sir 
Joshua  Reynolds  (who  died  in  1792),  could  not 
by  possibility  bear  the  excise  mark,  is  thus  shown 
to  be  erroneous.  J.  R.  S. 

POOR  COCK  ROBIN'S  DEATH  (3rd  S.  v.  98.)  — 
In  case  this  query  should  not  catch  the  eye  of 
any  one  more  accurately  informed,  I  venture  to 
reply  that  I  believe  the  coloured  glass,  represent- 
ing Cock  Robin's  death,  is  to  be  found  in  the 
church  of  Clipsham,  in  Rutlandshire,  near  Stam- 
ford ;  though  I  saw  two  or  three  fine  churches  on 
the  same  day  last  summer,  and  neglected  to  make 
a  note  of  it,  so  that  I  cannot  be  quite  certain. 
My  impression  is,  that  it  was  neither  very  old 
nor  English  glass  ;  but  a  Low- Country  glass,  of  a 
late  date.  C.  W.  BINGHAM. 

LONGEVITY  OF  CLERGYMEN  (3rd  S.  v.  22,  44, 
123.) — The  Rev.  James  Fishwick  was  licensed  to 
the  Chapelry  of  Padiham,  Lancashire,  April  10, 
1740,  and  was  buried  at  Padiham,  April  26,  1793, 
aged  eighty-two,  and  having  held  the  incumbency 
for  fifty-three  years.  H.  FISHWICK. 

Let  me  add  to  your  list  the  Rev.  John  Haynes, 
rector  of  Cathistock,  Dorset,  who  enjoyed  that 
living  from  1698  to  1758,  a  period  of  sixty  years. 
His  age  was  ninety  when  he  died,  and  his  length- 
ened tenure  must  have  been  rather  annoying  to 
the  patron,  for  he  was  presented  by  the  bishop  on 
a  lapse.  His  predecessor  in  the  living  was  one 
Michael  Cheeke,  who  succeeded  his  father,  Robert 
Cheeke.  The  latter  died  in  1677.  Can  any  of 
your  readers  give  me  information  about  either  ? 

DORSET. 

FOWLS  WITH  HUMAN  REMAINS  (3rd  S.  v.  55.) — 
In  reply  to  CAPTAIN  MACKENZIE'S  query  whether 
the  bones  of  fowls  have  ever  been  discovered  as- 
sociated with  human  remains,  I  inform  him  that 
during  the  excavations  at  Warka,  in  Chaldea, 
carried  on  by  Mr.  Loftus  between  1849  and  1852, 
bones  of  fowls  were  frequently  found  deposited 
upon  the  coffin  lids  disinterred  there,  and  in  one 
case  the  bones  of  a  small  bird  were  found  inside  a 
coffin.  Flints  and  steel,  glass  bottles,  beads,  terra- 
cotta lamps,  dishes,  &c.  &c.,  were  exhumed  at  the 
same  time.  H.  C. 

ALFRED  BUNN  (3rd  S.  v.  55.)  —  Probably  the 
Rev.  H.  T.  Bunn,  of  Abergavenny,  who,  I  have 
been  informed,  was  a  brother  of  the  above,  would 
supply  the  information  required.  H.  B. 

M.EVIUS  (3rd  S.  iv.  168,  238.)— The  Msevius  of 
Virgil  and  Horace  (Buc.  iii.  90,  Epod.  x.)  was 
probably  a  real  person  who  bore  that  name.  (See 
Smith's  Class.  Dictionary,  i.  478,  tit.  "  Bavius.") 


3'd  S.  V.  FEE.  27,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


183 


As  Horace  died  forty-nine  years  and  Virgil  sixty- 
two  before  Martial  was  born,  we  may  infer  that 
their  Maevius  was  not  his.  De  Mamo,  lib.  x.  ep.  76, 
does  not  relate  to  the  same  person  as  In 
lib.  xi.  ep.  46.  The  first  is,  — 

a  Jucundus,  probus,  innocens,  amicus 
Lingua  doctus  utraque,  cujus  unum  est, 
Sed  magnum  vitium,  quod  est  poeta." 

It  is  better  to  refer  to  than  to  cite  what  is  said 
of  the  other.  On  the  first  Le  Maire  quotes  from 
a  commentator  whose  name  he  does  not  give,  — 

"  Querela  haec  et  indignatio  ipsius  Martialis  videtur,  sed 
per  modestiam  sibi  adsciscit  nomen  Maevii  mail  scilicet 
poeta ;  "  and  adds,  "  Non  hoc  credo :  Maevii  vicem  dolet 
poeta,  et  poetarum  omnium,  et  suam,  at  ,non  suam  sub 
persona  Maevii." 

In  the  examples  of  the  civil  law  Msevius  bears  the 
same  relation  to  Titius  as  Roe  to  Doe  in  the  Eng- 
lish. Aulus  Agerius  is  one  of  the  same  family. 
His  name  occurs  in  the  form  called  Stipulatio 
Aquiliana,  given  in  Inst.  iii.  t.  30,  and  D.  xlvi. 
t.18: 

"Quidquid'te  mihi  ex  quacumque  causa  dare  facere 
oportet  oportebit,  prasens  in  diemve,  aut  sub  conditione, 
quarumque  rerum  mihi  tecum  actio  est,  quaeque  vel  ad- 
versus  te  petitio,  vel  adversus  te  persecutio  est,  eritve, 
quodque  tu  meum  habes,  tenes,  possides,  dolove  malo  fe- 
cisti,  quo  minus  possideas,  quanti  quaeque  earum  rerum 
res  erit,  tantam  pecuniam  dare  stipulatus  est  Aulus  Age- 
rius spopondit  Numerius  Nigidius.  Quod  Numerius  »i- 
gidius  Aulo  Agerio  spopondit  id  haberetne  a  se  acceptum, 
Numerus  Nigidius  Aulo  Agerio  rogavit,  Aulus  Agerius 
Numeric  Nigidio  acceptum  fecit." 

I  cannot  find  any  "  Caius  Sigaeus,"  and  suspect 
that  "  Sigaeus  "  is  a  fault  of  the  pen  or  press  for 
Seius,  which  would  connect  the  last  name  with  the 
rest.  Plutarch  notices  the  form  :  — 

Aid  ri  rfjv  vtip.<t)T}v  eiadyovreSj  \fyetv  Kf\fvovffiv  ' 
"Oirov  ffv  rcti'os,  eyu  Taia ;  U6rfpov,  faffirfp  e-rrl  pyrois 
evOvs  ftffeiffi  r$  KOIVWVSIV  aira.vT<av  Kal  ffwapxeiv,  /col 
TO  p.ff  Srj\ovfji.fvdv  tffnv  *  "Oirov  ffv  Kvpios  Kal  cu/coSe'- 
(TTTO'TTJSJ  Kal  £y<*>  Kvpla  Kal  olKoosairoiva  *  rots  5*  dW/uatn 
TOVTOIS  ct\Aws  /ce'xpTjj/Tat  KOUHHS  olffiv,  &o"irep  of  vo/JLiKol 
rdiov,  2»ftoi/,  /cai  A.OVKLOV,  TITIO?,  /col  of  <pi\d(ro<poi  AtWa 
Kal  eewi/a  irapaXap.Savov<nv ;  —  Qucestiones  Romance, 
Q.  xxx.,  ed.  Wyttenbach,  iii.  111.  Oxon.,  1796. 

The  writer  in  The  Enquirer  must  have  been 
imposed  upon,  or  have  thought  any  names  good 
enough  for  his  readers.  H.  B.  C. 

U.  U.  Club. 

HYLA  HOLDEN  (3rd  S.  v.  115.)  — In  answer  to 
the  query  of  II.  S.  G.,  I  beg  to  give  the  following 
particulars  respecting  "  Hyla  Holden,  of  Wednes- 
bury,  gent.,"  being,  as  I  am,  his  great-great-great- 
nephew.  He  was  born  in  1719,  and  married  in 
1745,  Rebecca  (not  Elizabeth,  as  H.  S.  G.  states), 
daughter  of  John  Walford,  of  Deritend,  co.  War- 
wick (not  Wednesbury),  gent.  He  died  in  1766 
(not  1790),  and  his  wife  died  in  1804.  I  have 
only  heard  of  one  child  of  his,  Hyla,  who  died  in 
the  prime  of  life  from  the  effects  of  a  broken 


thigh,  and  left  several  children,  his  eldest  son  be- 
ing the  Rev.  Hyla  Holden,  who,  at  the  time  of  his 
death,  held  the  perpetual  curacy  of  Erdington, 
near  Birmingham.  Two  sons  of  his  are  now  living, 
viz.,  the  Rev.  H.  A.  Holden,  LL.D.,  head  master 
of  Ipswich  School,  and  H.  A.  Holden,  Esq.,  so- 
licitor of  Birmingham.  O.  M.  HOLDEN. 
Corpus  Christi  College,  Oxford. 

QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (3rd  S.  iv.  288.)  —  The 
lines  commencing  with  — 

"  0  mark  again  the  coursers  of  the  sun ! " 

will,  I  believe,  be  found  in  Rogers's  "  Epistle  to  a 
Friend."  W.  J.  Tux. 

Croydon. 

SIDESMEN  (3rd  S.  v.  34,  65,  81.)— With  refer- 
ence to  the  censorial  duties  of  Sidesmen,  the  fol- 
lowing extracts  may  be  interesting.  They  are 
from  one  of  the  old  parish  books  of  St.  Mary 
Matfelon,  Whitechapel.  There  were  altogether 
notices  of  twenty-two  such  presentments  in  the 
years  1582 — 1587.  It  would  be  interesting  to 
know  when  this  practice  arose,  and  how  long  it 
continued. 

"  1582.  Aug.  29.  Agreed  that  presentments  be  made 
for  the  wyfe  of  Thomas  Lownsvy,  suspected  to  be  a  sor- 
ceresse. 

Randall  Ridgewaie  for  railinge  uppon  the  church- 
wardens when  ye  went  to  straine  [distrain.] 

Richard  Tailor  for  absentinge  himself  one  Sondaie  ye 
25  of  August  from  church,  and  for  working. 

Itm.  the  same  Rychard  and  his  wyfe  for  skolding, 
fighting,  and  other  disorders. 

The  wyfe  of  John  Woods  for  skolding  and  rayling. 

Oct.  1,  1583.  A  presentment  against  Ralphe  Dudley  for 
harboringe  of  susspected  parsons  as  Jane  Trosse  and  such 
like. 

Against  ye  wyfe  of  Willm.  Bridge  as  a  notorious  skold. 

Against  Thomas  Whitackers  for  plainge  at  cardes  and 
tables  one  y°  Sabbath  daie  at  ye  time  of  comon  prayers. 

Feb.  4,  1584.  Robert  Banister  for  a  railer  and  dis- 
quieter  of  the  neighbours.  Wd  Collins  for  harbouringe 
the  same  Robert." 

A.  D.  T. 

Merton  College. 

COLKITTO  (3rd  S.  v.  11 8.) —  It  may  interest 
your  correspondent  PHILOMATHES  to  cite  the  fol- 
lowing passages,  from  the  Legend  of  Montrose,  Jby 
Sir  Walter  Scott,  whom  nothing  escaped,  in  which 
mention  is  made  of  Colkitto :  — 

"  *  Our  deer-stalkers,'  said  Angus  M'Aulay, '  who  were 
abroad  to  bring  in  venison  for  this  honourable  party, 
bare  heard  of  a  band  of  strangers,  speaking  neither 
Saxon  nor  pure  Gaelic,  and  with  difficulty  making  them- 
selves understood  by  the  people  of  the  country,  who  are 
marching  this  way  in  arms,  under  the  leading,  it  is  said, 
of  Alaster  McDonald,  who  is  commonly  called  Young 
Colkitto:  "  Edition  1830,  p.  107. 

And  again :  — 

"  Behind  these  charging  columns  marched  in  line  the 
rish,  under  Colkitto,  intended  to  form  the  reserve."  — 
Chapter  xix.  p.  277. 

OXONIENSIS. 


184 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  FEB.  27,  '64. 


TWELFTH  DAY  :  SONG  OF  THE  WREN  (3rd  S.  v. 
109.)  —  In  verses  about  the  "  Wren,"  occurs  this 
line :  — 

" « Where  are  you  going?  '  says  the  millder  to  the  malder." 
The  meaning  of  the  two  words  in  italics  is  en- 
quired for.  Surely  we  need  not  go  far  in  search 
of  it :  they  must  mean  the  miller  and  the  matter 
(maltster).  F.  C.  H. 

NATTER  (3rd  S.  v.  125.)  —Natter  is  the  Ger- 
man for  an  adder;  but  why  a  species  of  toad 
should  be  called  natter-jack  is  by  no  means  clear. 
The  Bufo  calamita  is  called  natter-jack,  and  there  is 
a  species  nearly  resembling  this,  called  the  Running 
Toad.  They  are  usually  confounded  together, 
but  from  having  kept  several  of  the  latter  as  pets, 
I  am  well  acquainted  with  the  distinctions  be- 
tween it  and  the  natter-jack.  For  the  present 
purpose  these  are  immaterial ;  as  both  sorts  walk 
and  run,  but  never  hop  or  jump,  as  the  common 
toad  does  occasionally,  though  it  usually  crawls. 
Yet  the  movement  of  these  toads  in  no  way  re- 
sembles the  wriggling  motion  of  the  adder,  and 
they  have  legs,  while  the  adder  has  none.  Nor 
can  the  name  natter  have  been  given  from  any 
resemblance  to  the  adder  in  colour,  for  this  is  less 
like  in  them  than  in  the  common  toad.  I  own  I 
am^at  a  loss  to  account  satisfactorily  for  the  name 
natter-jack.  F.  C.  H. 

LlNES   ATTRIBUTED    TO  KEMBLE  (3rd  S.  V.  119.) 

I  remember  an  amusing  caricature  by  Rowlandson, 
which  came  out  more  than  fifty  years  ago,  repre- 
senting the  complainant,  with  one  eye  bound  up, 
and  one  arm  in  a  sling,  addressing  a  very  repul- 
sive looking  woman  in  the  lines  alluded  to  ;  but  as 
I  remember  them,  they  ran  thus  :  — 

,"  O  why  will  you  still  so  insensible  prove  ? 

Why  deaf  to  my  vows  and  my  prayers  ? 

Perhaps  it  was  right  to  dissemble  your  love, 

But  why  did  you  kick  me  down  stairs  ?  " 

F.  C.  H. 

ORDER  OF  THE  COCKLE  IN  FRANCE  (3rd  S.  v. 
117.) — I  imagine  that  the  French  order  of  knight- 
hood, of  which  the  Earl  of  Arran  (Regent  of 
Scotland  during  the  minority  of  James  V.),  was 
a  member  was  that  of  St.  Michael.  The  collar  of 
this  order  was  composed  of  escallop  shells  (co- 
quilles),  connected  by  golden  knots;  its  badge 
was  St.  Michael  beating  down  the  dragon. 

The  Order  of  the  Ship,  otherwise  known  by  the 
name  of  the  Order  of  the  Double  Crescents,  be- 
came extinct  in  France  a  short  time  after  its 
institution  by  St.  Louis;  but  in  Naples  and 
Sicily  it  appears  to  have  flourished  under  the 
House  of  Anjou  for  about  three  centuries.  It 
was  instituted  by  St.  Louis  in  1269,  as  an  induce- 
ment to  his  nobles  to  engage  in  the  unfortunate 
expedition  to  Africa.  Clark  (Orders  of  Knight- 
hood, vol.  i.  p.  255),  adds  that  it  was  also  intended 
to  induce  the  nobility  to  assist  the  king  in  for- 


warding the  works  at  his  newly-built  maritime 
town  of  Aiques-Mortes  in  the  Pyrenees. 

J.  WOODWARD. 

BAPTISMAL  NAMES  (3rd  S.  v.  22.)  — In  the 
case  of  Sir  Thomas  Dick  Lander,  the  second  name 
is  a  surname,  and  not  an  abbreviation  of  Richard. 
In  the  family  of  the  Needhams,  Earls  of  Kilmorey, 
Jack  is  a  very  usual  Christian  name. 

J.  WOODWARD. 

THE  SYDNEY  POSTAGE  STAMP  (3rd  S.  iv.  384.) 
You  cursorily  notice  this  earliest  of  Australian 
stamps  by  explaining  to  a  Bristol  querist  the 
exact  motto,  "  Sic  fortis  Etruria  crevit."  It  is 
said  to  be  a  quotation  from  a  Latin  poet.  If  so, 
I  should  be  glad  to  know  where  it  is  to  be  found.* 
Having  made  a  fine  collection  of  foreign  and  colo- 
nial postage  stamps,  I  have  been  lucky  enough  to 
secure  an  almost  new  specimen  of  this  generally 
dirty  stamp.  The  landscape,  motto,  and  legend 
are  quite  perfect ;  the  former  is  said  (I  believe  on 
the  authority  of  the  present  local  postmaster)  to 
be  a  view  of  Sydney,  but  on  comparing  it  with 
the  various  engravings  of  that  town  in  Collins's 
Account  of  New  South  Wales,  4to,  1798,  there  is 
not  the  slightest  resemblance  between  the  two.  I 
am  aware  that  is  only  within  the  last  ten  years  or 
thereabouts  that  our  Australian  colonies  have 
used  postage  labels,  but  as  the  legend  states  that 
it  represents  the  great  seal  of  the  colony,  it  would 
be  interesting  to  ascertain  when  this  thriving 
settlement  first  felt  of  sufficient  importance  to 
adopt  a  national  seal,  and  why  these  rough  sons  of 
enterprise  recurred  to  classic  Latium  for  a  motto, 
who  probably  knew  no  language  but  their  own. 

FENTONIA. 

SIR  WALTER  RALEIGH  (3rd  S.  v.  108.)  —Was 
Sir  Humphrey  Gilbert  a  brother  of  Sir  John 
Gilbert,  whose  letter  is  inserted  ?  Did  they  both 
marry  sisters  of  Sir  Walter  ?  Where  can  a  bio- 
graphy of  them  be  found  ?  Was  Dr.  W.  Gilbert, 
physician  to  Queen  Elizabeth,  of  the  same  family? 

JAMES  GILBERT. 
2,  Devonshire  Grove,  Old  Kent  Road,  S.E. 

JOHN  FREDERICK  LAMPE  (3ri  S.  v.  92.)— MR. 
HUSK  has  raised  an  interesting  question  relative 
to  this  able  musician,  and,  on  the  strength  of  his 
having  so  done,  I  could  wish  to  add  certain  que- 
ries respecting  Mr.  Lampe's  opera  of  Amelia,  and 
its  extraordinary  scarcity.  Of  the  two  works 
mentioned  by  MR.  HUSK,  the  Dragon  of  Wantleyy 
and  Pyramus  and  Thisbe,  the  first  may  be  said  to 
be  very  common,  and  the  second,  at  least  acces- 
sible. It  is  in  both  the  British  Museum  Library 
and  that  of  the  Sacred  Harmonic  Society,  and 
also  occasionally  occurs  in  Catalogues  of  Music. 
On  the  other  hand,  the  opera  of  Amelia  (granting 
that  it  has  been  printed)  is  not  to  be  found  in  any 


[*  See  Virgil,  Georg.  ii.  533.] 


3rd  S.  V.  FEB.  27,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


185 


library  or  Collection  that  I  know  of,  and  I  never 
saw  it  entered  in  any  Catalogue.  The  only  trace 
of  its  existence  that  I  can  find,  is  in  the  Sale 
Catalogue  of  Mr.  Bartleman,  the  eminent  singer, 
who  had  the  opera  in  MS.  My  queries  are,  can 
anyone  say  where  a  printed  copy  of  the  music  in 
Amelia  is  to  be  found,  and  is  it  known  what  be- 
came of  Mr.  Bartleman's  MS.  of  the  opera  ? 

ALFRED  ROFFE. 

The  son  of  this  gentleman  was  Charles  J.  F. 
Lampe,  organist  of  Allhallows  Barking,  from  1758 
to  1769.  Was  not  Mr.  Lampe,  senr.,  son-in-law 
to  Mr.  Charles  Young,  referred  to  in  "  N".  &  Q." 
(3rd  S.  iv.  417),  who  was  the  younger  Lampe's 
predecessor  in  this  office  ?  JUXTA  TURRIM. 

You  will  find  a  notice  of  J.  F.  Lampe's  death 
in  the  Gent.  Mag.  for  1751,  p.  380. 

WM.  SMITH. 

CURIOUS  ESSEX  SATING  (3rd  S.  v.  97.)  —As  I 
am  not  an  Essex  man,  I  have  never  heard  the 
addition  to  "  Every  dog  has  his  day  "  of  "  and  a 
cat  has  two  Sundays ;  "  but  I  presume  it  refers  to 
the  common  saying  that "  A  cat  has  nine  lives," 
which,  interpreting  a  life  to  be  a  day,  might  carry 
the  cat's  existence  over  two  Sundays. 

I  have  heard  another  addition  to  the  common 
proverb,  "  Every  dog  has  his  day,"  of  "  but  the 
dog-days  do  not  last  all  the  year  ;  "  —  a  serious 
consideration  for  the  puppy !  ZZ. 

PRIVATE  SOLDIER  (3rd  S.  v.  144.)— EBORACUM 
must  allow  me  to  correct  him.  The  word  in 
question  is  fully  recognised  by  military  authority, 
as  well  as  by  Act  of  Parliament.  In  the  Mutiny 
Act  (1862),  for  example,  at  par.  39,  p.  86,  occurs 
"  Reduction  to  ...  the  rank  of  a  private  soldier," 
&c.  In  the  Articles  of  War  (1862),  par.  130,  p. 
61,  "  rank  of  private  soldier,"  &c. 

In  Endle's  edition  of  D'Aguilar's  Practice  of 
Courts  Martial,  1858,  p.  134,  "private  soldiers," 
&c.  War  Office  Regulations  (1848,  latest  edi- 
tion), p.  122,  "sergeants,  corporals,  drummers, 
and  privates." 

I  have  taken  these  instances  at  random,  and 
have  not  even  opened  the  Queen's  Regulations,  or 
the  Field  Exercises,  where  the  style  of  private  is 
constantly  repeated.  Moreover,  a  N".  C.  officer  is 
reduced  to  the  "  rank  and  pay  of  a  private  sen- 
tinel." 

Your  correspondent  puts  the  query  —  Why 
soldiers  call  the  dark  'clothes  of  civilians,  in 
contradistinction  to  their  own  red,  "coloured 
clothes  ?  "  They  call  them  "  plain  clothes  "  and 
"  mufti,"  but  never  to  my  knowledge  "  coloured 
clothes ; "  and  in  saying  so  I  am  certain  that  I 
shall  be  borne  out  by  all  who  have  mixed  with 
soldiers.  SL. 

Whatever  may  be  the  origin  of  the  term  private, 
it  is  certainly  now  recognised.  In  Sir  G.  D'Agui- 


lar's Courts  Martial,  edited  by  Mr.  Endle,  of  the 
Adjutant- General's  Office,  one  of  the  text-books 
on  that  subject,  EBORACUM  will  find  private  used 
as  a  technical  designation  at  pp.  109,  156,  201, 
203,  216.  It  is  also  used  in  the  Queen's  Regula- 
tions for  the  Army,  and  will  be  found  in  Johnson's 
Dictionary.  S.  P.  V. 

AN  EARLY  STAMFORD  SEAL  (3rd  S.  v.  113.)  — 
The  matrix  of  the  seal  alluded  to  was  exhibited  at 
Peterborough  when  the  members  of  the  Archae- 
ological Institute  of  Great  Britain  and  Ireland 
held  their  annual  congress  there.  It  is  of  the 
time  of  Edward  III.,  and  is  a  beautiful  specimen 
of  art-work  of  the  period,  every  detail  having  been 
exquisitely  wrought.  An  impression  of  it,  pro- 
duced in  gutta  percha  by  Mr.  Robt.  Ready,  of 
the  British  Museum,  is  in  my  possession.  There 
is  no  example  of  it  in  the  archives  of  the  Stamford 
Corporation,  none  of  the  records  in  the  possession 
of  that  body  being  earlier,  I  understand,  than  the 
reign  of  Edward  IV.  In  Peck's  Antiquarian 
Arinals  of  Stamford  there  is  an  engraving  of  this 
seal:  the  side  not  described  above  exhibits  the 
arms  of  the  town  —  Gules,  three  lions  passant 
guardant  in  pale  or,  impaling  chequy  or  and  azure. 
The  following  letter-press  accompanies  it : — "  The 
arms  of  the  town  or  borough  of  Stamford  as  an- 
ciently carved  upon  the  south  and  north  gates  of 
the  town,  from  a  book  in  the  Heralds'  Office 
touching  the  visitation  of  Lincolnshire.  Anno 
1634."  STAMFORDIENSIS. 

EPITAPH  ON  THE  EARL  OF  LEICESTER  (3rd  S.  v. 
109.)  —  The  accompanying  quotation  from  the 
final  note  to  Sir  Walter  Scott's  Kenilworth 
(Abbotsford  edit.,  vol.  vi.  p.  312),  answers  MR.  J. 
PAYNE  COLLIER'S  query  :  — 

"  The  following  satirical  epitaph  occurs  in  Drummond's 
Collection,  but  is  evidently  not  of  his  composition :  — 

« «  EPITAPH   ON   THE   ERLE   OF   LEISTER. 

'  Here  lies  a  valiant  warriour, 

Who  never  drew  a  sword ; 
Here  lies  a  noble  courtier, 

Who  never  kept  his  word ; 
Here  lies  the  Erie  of  Leister, 

Who  govern'd  the  estates, 
Whom  the  earth  could  never  living  love, 

And  the  just  Heaven  now  hates.'  " 

K.  P.  D.  E. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

The  Coins  of  the  Ancient  Britons  arranged  and  described, 
by  John  Evans,  F.S.A.,  and  engraved  by  F.  W.  Fairholt, 
F.S.A.  (J.  Kussell  Smith.) 

It  is  a  great  gain  to  students  in  every  branch  of  know- 
ledge when  one  who,  by  zealous  attention,  and  well- 
directed  research  has  made  himself  a  master  of  that 


186 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[8**  S.  V.  FEB.  27,  '64. 


branch,  is  induced  to  commit  to  the  press  the  results  of 
his  inquiries,  and  the  fruits  of  his  persistent  studies. 
British  archseologists  will  henceforward  be  deeply  indebted 
to  Mr.  Evans  for  this  valuable  summary  of  all  that  is 
known,  all  that  has  hitherto  been  discovered  upon  the 
subject  of  the  coinage  of  the  ancient  Britons.  Mr.  Evans's 
thorough  familiarity  with  this  interesting  division  of  nu- 
mismatics is  well  known ;  and  how  much  of  gross  error 
and  absurd  theory  exist  upon  the  subject,  and  how  widely 
scattered  are  the  known  facts,  may  readily  be  ascertained 
from  the  introductory  chapter,  in  which  Mr.  Evans  re- 
views all  that  has,  up  to  this  time,  been  published  re- 
specting ancient  British  coins,  from  glorious  old  Camden 
to  the  late  worthy  Secretary  of  the  Society  of  Antiqua- 
ries, John  Yonge  Akerman.  The  book  is  the  work  of  an 
intelligent,  pains-taking,  and  eminently  careful  and  sen- 
sible antiquary ;  and,  great  as  its  value  is  on  that  ac- 
count, that  value  is  immensely  increased  by  the  beauty 
and  scrupulous  accuracy  of  Mr.  Fairholt's  engravings  of 
the  coins,  to  which  Mr. "Evans — himself  the  best  judge — 
bears  the  highest  testimony. 

Autobiography  of  Thomas  Wright,  of  Birkenshaw,  in  the 
County  of  Fork,  1736-1797.  Edited  by  his  Grandson, 
Thomas  Wright,  M.A.,  F.S.A.  (J.  Russell  Smith.) 

The  present  little  volume  is  well  and  fairly  described 
by  its  editor  as  furnishing  "  a  curious  and  striking  pic- 
ture— one  perhaps  almost  unique — of  domestic  life  among 
a  very  important  class  of  English  society  during  the 
latter  half  of  the  last  century  in  what  has  since  become 
one  of  the  greatest  and  most  active  manufacturing  dis- 
tricts in  our  island."  The  book  indeed  gives  something 
more  than  this.  It  shows  the  state  of  the  class  of  society 
just  alluded  to,  under  the  influence  of  the  strong  religi- 
ous movement  then  rising  up  through  the  length  and 
breadth  of  the  land,  and  the  controversies  which  raged 
between  the  Calvinistic  and  Armenian  sections  of  the 
dissenting  communities.  '  While,  scattered  among  the 
writer's  account  of  his  own  life  and  that  of  his  family, 
there  will  be  found  many  curious  and  interesting  anecdotes. 
We  think  Mr.  Thomas  Wright  has  done  wisely  in  giving 
the  book  to  the  world. 

Ten  Months  in  the  Fiji  Islands,  by  Mrs.  Smythe ;  with  an 
Introduction  and  Appendix  by  Col.  W.  J.  Smythe,  E.A., 
late  H.M.  Commissioner  to  Fiii.  (Oxford  and  London : 
Parker.) 

Quite  a  book  for  a  drawing-room  table.  The  subject  is 
terra  incognita  except  to  those  versed  in  Wesleyan  mis- 
sions, and  it  is  sketched  by  Mrs.  Smythe  in  the  most 
lively  and  agreeable  manner.  Col.  Smythe  adds  his  ap- 
propriate quota  of  solid  matter.  A  sympathising  narra- 
tive of  Bishop  Patteson's  Melanesian  mission  is  thrown 
into  an  appendix;  and  the  whole  is  brightened  up  by 
views  of  Fiji  scenery  in  chromo -lithograph. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO  PUECHASE. 

PEIONOT  (G.),  LIVRES  CONDAMNES  Atr  PETJ.    2  Vols.  8vo,  1806. 

SWIFT'S  POEMS.    Aldine  Edition.    Vols.  I.  and  II. 

***  Letters  stating  particulars  and  lowest  price,  carriage 

°f  NotEs ! 


Particulars  of  Price,  ftp.,  of  the  following  Book  to  be  sent  directto  the 
m     "  retluired'  whose  name  and  address  are  given 


S  BET'  ;A'  J'  ScOTT'  D-D" 

Wanted  by  Dr.  Fisher,  5,  Appian  Way,  Upper  Leeson  Street, 


Among  many  other  articles  of  interest,  which  are  in  type,  and  waiting 
for  insertion,  are  —  Charles  Fox  and  Mrs.  Grieve,  Lord  Ruthven,  Gow- 
rie  Family,  Folk  Lore  in  the  South  of  Ireland,  Parish  Registers,  Norfolk 
Folk  Lore,  Proper  Definition  of. Team,  Modern  Folk  Ballads,  &c. 

SHAKSPEARE.  We  shall  shortly  publish,  in  a  special  Number  Qf 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  a  large  collection  of  Papers  illustrative  of  the  Life  and 
Writings  of  Shakspeare. 

GBOROE  LLOYD  will  find  "  A  chiefs  amang  you  taking  notes,"  in 
Burns'1  s  "Lines  on  Captain  Grose." 

AUTOGRAPHS.  Our  Dublin  Correspondent  would  probably  best  dispose 
of  the  autographs  she  describes,  by  consulting  Mr.  Waller  of  Fleet  Street, 
or  some  other  respectable  dealer  in  autographs. 

TIB'S  EVE,  OR  ST.  TIB'S  EVE,  probably  a  corruption  of  St.  TJbe'sEve, 
or  St.  Theobald's  Eve,  see  "  N.  &  Q."  2nd  S.  ad.  269. 

GREEK  VERSIONS  op  GRAY'S  ELEOY.  Nestor  will  find  all  the  infor- 
mation he  is  in  search  of  in  the  First  Series  of  "  N.  &  Q."  i.  108, 138,  &c. 

A.  For  the  origin  of  Hants  de  Ptit6  see  "N.  &  Q."  1st  S.  iii.  372,  524. 

B.  H.  C.    The  Book  of  Common  Prayer  with  the  imprint  of  P.  Didot, 
Sen.  12mo,1791.  is  clearly  from  the  Parisian  press,  as  the  small  capitals,  if 
used  for  what  is  technically  called  the  lower  case  k,  which  we  have  never 
met  with  in  any  English  printed  book.     Our  Correspondent  will  also  ob- 
serve, that  the  only  Occasional  Office  reprinted  in  this  edition  is  that  of 
"  The  Form  of  Solemnization  of  Matrimony." 

MARK  ANTONY  LOWER.  Some\particulars  of  the  Rev.  James  Brant- 
ston,  author  of  The  Art  of  Politics,  are  in  type,  and  icill  appear  in  our 
next  number. 

ERRATUM — 3rd  S.  v.  p.  163,  col.  ii.  line  10  from  bottom,  for  "386" 
read  "261." 

***  Cases  for  binding  the  volumes  o/"N.  &  Q."  may  be  had  of  the 
Publisher,  and  of  all  Booksellers  and  Newsmen. 

"NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publisher  {including  the  Half- 
yearly  INDEX)  is  Us.  4d.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order, 
payable  at  the  Strand  Post  Office,  in  favour  of  WILLIAM  G.  SMITH,  3», 
WELLINGTON  STREET,  STRAND,  W.C.,  to  whom  all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR 
THB  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 

"  NOTES  &  QUERIES  "  is  registered  for  transmission  abroad. 


T>OND'S     PERMANENT   MARKING   INK.— 

JL)  The  original  invention,  established  1821,  for  marking  CRESTS, 
NAMES,  INITIALS,  upon  household  linen,  wearing  apparel,  &c. 

N.B Owing  to  the  great  repute  in  which  this  Ink  is  held  by  families, 

outfitters,  &c.,  inferior  imitations  are  often  sold  to  the  public,  which  do 
not  possess  any  of  its  celebrated  qualities.  Purchasers  should  there- 
fore be  careful  to  observe  the  address  on  the  label,  10,  BISHOPSGATE- 
STREET  WITHIN,  E.G.,  without  which  the  Ink  is  not  genuine. 
Sold  by  all  respectable  chemists,  stationers,  &c.,  in  the  United  King- 
dom, price  Is.  per  bottle;  no  &d.  size  ever  made. 

NOTICE.  —  REMOVED  from  28,  Long  Lane  (where  it  has  been 
established  nearly  half  a  century),  to 

10,  BISHOPSGATE  STREET  WITHIN,  B.C. 


PRIZE  MEDAL  AWARDED. 


DESPATCH  BOX,  DRESSING  CASE,  AND  TRAVELLING 
BAG  MAKERS, 

7,  NEW  BOND  STBBKT,  W., 
AND  SISE  LANE,  CITT  (NFAR  MANSION  HOUSE). 

(Established  1735.) 
A  New  and  Valuable  Preparation  of  Cocoa. 

FEY'  S 

ICELAND     MOSS     COCOA, 
In  1  lb.,  Jib.,  and  Jib.  packets. 

Sold  by  Grocers  and  Druggists. 
_  J.  S.  FRY  &  SONS.  Bristol  and  London.  _ 

STARCH  MANUFACTURERS 
TO  H.R.H.  THE  PRINCESS  OF  WALES. 

PLENFIELD    PATENT   STARCH, 

\JT  Used  in  the  Royal  Laundry, 

And  awarded  the  Prize  Medal,  1862. 
Sold  by  all  Grocers,  Chandlers,  &c.,  &c. 

CHUBB'S    LOCKS    and  FIREPROOF  SAFES, 
with  all  the  newest  improvements.    Street-door  Latche»,  Cash  and 
Deed  Boxes.    Full  illustrated  price  lists  sent  free. 


CHUBB  &  SON,  57,  St.  Paul's  Churchyard,  London;  27,  Lord  Street, 
Liverpool;   16, V    '    '    ~      '    " 
Wolverhampton. 


Liverpool;   16,' Market  Street,  Manchester;  and  HorWey  Fieldl, 
olverham  ' 


3'd  S.  V.  FEB.  27,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

WESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

YV      AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHIBF  OFFICB*  :  S,  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 
77,  KINO  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 

Directors, 

The  Hon.  R.  E.Howard,  D.C.L. 


H.E.Bicknell.EBq 


T.Somers  Cocks,  Esq.,  MJ 
Qeo.  H.Drew,  Esq.,  M.  A. 


,M.A.,J.P. 


James  Hunt,  Esq. 

John  Leigh.  Esq. 

E  dm.  Lucas,  Esq. 

F.B.Marson.Esq. 

E.  VanaittartNeale,  Esq.,M.A. 

Bonamy  Price,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Jas.LysSeager,Esq. 

Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 

John  B.  White,  Esq. 


John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.  Goodhart.Esq.,  J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,M.P. 

Peter  Hood,  Esq. 

Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary. — Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Oflice  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  aa 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society's  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Kates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
Within  the  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MK.DICAL  MEN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 

No  CHARGE  MADE  FOR  POLICY  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready,  price  14s. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees, Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 

OSTEO      EXDON. 

Patent,  March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

GABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH   and 

\J(  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE  OLD  ESTABLISHED  DENTISTS, 
27,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and 34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London; 

134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool ;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth/'    Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 

R.    HOWARD,    SURGEON-DENTIST,    52, 

TLEET-STREET,  has  introduced  an  ENTIRELY  NEW 
^^^.IPTION  of  ARTIFICIAL  TEETH,  fixed  without  springs, 
wires,  or  ligatures.  They  so  perfectly  resemble  the  natural  teeth  as 
not  to  be  distinguished  from  the  originals  by  the  closest  observer  ;  they 
will  never  change  colour  or  decay,  and  will  be  found  superior  to  any 
teeth  ever  before  used.  This  method  does  not  require  the  extraction  of 
roots,  or  any  painful  operation,  and  will  support  and  preserve  teeth 
that  are  loose,  and  is  guaranteed  to  restore  articulation  and  mastica- 
tication>!!52yeFleltStretOPPed  and  rendered  sound  and  useful  in  mas- 


PIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

JL       MAGNOLIA,    WHITE    ROSE,    FRANGIPANNI,   GERA- 

^^^^^K^t^^^^ 

HOLLOW  AY'S  PILLS.— INFECTIOUS  MALADIES. 
We  are  all  aware  that  at  certain  times  disease  runs  through  the 
people  like  the  plague  of  old,  and  all  should  likewise  know  that  Hol- 
loway  s   Pills  can    check  such  spreadinz  calamity.     This   purifyins 
S2Sd£?»txpel!  from  the  y°°$  ai?d  system  a11  obnoxious  matters  which 
reed  both  contagious  and  infectious  maladies;  it  institutes  a  radically 
rather  than  a  palliative  treatment.    Holloway's  Pills  should 
ken  without  one  moment's  needless  delay  when  disordered  stomach, 
j'  restlessness,  or  general  feverishness  betoken  some  derunge- 
obevinJ  n  tllUy  °f  "}e  frame'  T^C  ,true  art.°f  conquerinc  disease  lies  in 
nature,  and  surely,  quietly,  getting  rid  of  lurking  poisons, 
pnysi°!a  B  pernicious  effects,  is  the  safest  course  for  the 


ALEXANDRA    PARK    COMPANY,    Limited. 

J\.  Registered  under  "  The  Companies'  Act,  1862." 

The  Alexandra  Park  is  situated  15  minutes  from  London,  contains 
480  acres  of  well-Umbered  and  beautifully  undulating  land,  200  of 
which  will  be  laid  out  as  a  Park,  and  the  remainder  sold  for  building 

Share  Capital,  4500,000,  in  50,000  "  A  "  Shares  and  50,000  a  B  "  Shares 
of  45  each.  Debenture  Capital ,  4300,000. 

The  Debenture  Capital  has  been  created  principally  for  the  purpose 
of  paying  for  the  Estates,  and  for  the  purchase  of  the  International 
Exhibition  Building  of  1862,  now  erecting  in  the  Park,  by  Messrs. 
Kelk  and  Lucas.  Contractors  ;  and  it  is  anticipated  that  the  whole 
of  tliis  Capital  will  be  redeemed  by  the  sale  of  the  Surplus  Lands. 

The  holders  of  "  A  "  Shares  are  entitled  to  Dividend  out  of  the  net 
divisible  profits  of  the  Company,  at  the  rate  of  7  per  cent,  per  annum, 
and  of  l-5th  of  the  remaining  profits  in  priority  to  and  before  pay- 
ment of  any  dividend  to  the  holders  of  "B"  Shares.  The  holders  of 
"B"  Shares  then  receive  all  the  remaining  divisible  profits  of  the 
Company.  The  original  Allottee  of  five  "A"  Shares,  so  long  as  he 
shall  retain  them,  will  be  entitled  to  a  Season  Ticket,  admitting  the 
holder  to  the  Park  and  Building,  when  the  same  are  open  to  the 
Public,  but  subject  to  the  Rules  and  Regulations  of  the  Company, 
which  Ticket  will  be  forwarded  on  the  payment  for  allotment. 

4L  per  Share  to  be  paid  on  application,  and  41  on  allotment. 

DIRECTORS. 
CHAIRMAN— The  Right  Hon.  The  Lord  Fermoy,  M.P.,  5,  Pembridge 

Square,  Bayswater,  W. 

DKPUTT  CHAIRMAN— Lightly  Simpson,  Esq..  25,  Gower  Street,  W.C. 
John  Everitt,  Esq.,  18,  Tokenhouse  Yard,  E.C. 
F.  Cotton  Finch,  Esq.,  Tudor  House,  Blackheath  Park,  S.E. 
William  T.  Makins,  Esq.,  2,  Pembridge  Villas,  Bayswater,  W. 
The  Honourable  John  C.  W.  Vivian,  14,  Belgrave  Square,  W. 

SOLICITOR— H.  Wellington  Vallance,  Esq.,   12,  Tokenhouse  Yard, 

London,  E.C. 
BANKERS— Messrs.  Barclay,  Bevan,  Tritton.Twells,  &  Co., 

54,  Lombard  Street,  E.C. 
BROKER— George  W.  Shirreff,  Esq.,  4,  Bank  Buildings,  Lothbury. 

GENERAL  MANAOER—John  C.  Deane,  Esq. 

AUDITORS— John  Young,  Esq.  (Firm  of  Coleman,  Turquand,  &  Co.) 

Tokenhouse  Yard,  B.C.;  Cornelius  Walford,  Esq.,  Chadwick  and 

Walford)  Great  George  Street,  Westminster. 

SECRETARY— Mr.  F.  K.  Parkinson. 
OFFICES— No.  12,  Tokenhouse  Yard,  London,  E.C. 

The  Directors  having  disposed  of  the  "B"  Shares,  and  a  large 
portion  of  the  "  A  "  Shares  having  been  allocated  in  the  part  purchase 
of  the  Estate  and  in  the  erection  of  the  Building  and  the  other  works 
contracted  for,  propose  to  allot  10,000  "  A  "  Shares  to  the  Public. 

Prospectuses  and  form  of  application  for  Shares  will  be  forwarded  by 
the  Secretary,  Broker,  or  Bankers,  on  application. 

THE  PRETTIEST  GIFT  for  a  LADY  is  one  of 
JONES'S  GOLD  LEVERS,  at  HZ.  lls.    For  a  GENTLEMAN 
one  at  10Z.  10s.   Rewarded  at  the  International  Exhibition  for  "  Cheap- 
ness of  Production." 

Manufactory,  338,  Strand,  opposite  Somerset  House. 


SAUCE.— -LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 

"THE   ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERRINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
should  see  that  LEA  &  PERRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 
Bottle,  and  Stopper. 

ASK  FOB,  LEA.  AND  PERRINS'  SAUCE. 

***  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors,  Worcester; 
MESSRS.  CROSSE  and  BLACK  WELL,  MESSRS.  BARCLAY  and 
SONS.  London,  &c.,  &c. ;  and  by  Grocers  and  Oilmen  universally. 


WHITE'S 

ORIENTAL  PICKLE,  CURRY,  or  MULLIGA- 
TAWNY PASTE. 

Curry  Powder,  and  Curry  Sauce,  may  be  obtained  from  all  Sauce- 
Vendors,  and  Wholesale  of 

CROSSE  &  BLACKWELL,  Purveyors  to  the  Queen,  Soho  Square, 
London. 


Dinneford's  Pure  Fluid  Magnesia 

Has  been,  during  twenty-five  years,  emphatically  sanctioned  by  the 
Medical  Profession,  and  universally  accepted  by  the  Public,  as  the 
Best  Remedy  for  Acidity  of  the  Stomach,  Heartburn,  Headache,  Gout, 
and  Indigestion,  and  as  a  Mild  Aperient  for  delicate  constitutions,  more 
especially  for  Ladies  and  Children.  When  combined  with  the  Acidu- 
lated Lemon  Syrup,  it  forms  an  AORBEAULK  EFPERVMCINO  DRAUGHT. 
in  which  its  Aperient  qualities  are  much  increased.  During  Hot 
Seasons,  and  In  Hot  Climates,  the  regular  use  of  this  simple  and  elegant 
remedy  has  been  found  highly  beneficial.  It  is  Prepared  (in  a  state 
of  perfect  purity  and  of  uniform  strength)  by  DLNNBIORD  &  CO., 
172,  New  Bond  Street.  London:  and  sold  by  all  respectable  Chemute 
throughout  the  World. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3*d  S.  V.  FEB.  27,  '64. 


This  Day  is  published,  in  One  large  Volume  Octavo,  pp.  676,  price  21s. 

INDEX     GEOGBAPHICUS 

BEING 

A  LIST  ALPHABETICALLY  ARRANGED, 

OF  THE 

PRINCIPAL    PLACES    ON   THE    GLOBE, 

With  the  Countries  and  Subdivisions  of  the  Countries  in  which  they  are  situated,  and 
THEIR  LATITUDES  AND  LONGITUDES. 

COMPILED  SPECIALLY  WITH  REFERENCE   TO 

KEITH'S    JOHNSTON'S    ROYAL  ATLAS, 

BUT  APPLICABLE  TO  ALL  MODERN  ATLASES  AND  MAPS. 

WILLIAM  BLACKWOOD  &  SONS,  EDINBURGH  AND  LONDON. 


WORKS 

By  ARTHUR  PENRH-STN    STANLEY,  X>.D, 

DEAN   OF  WESTMINSTER. 


The  following  are  now  ready  : 

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H.K.H.  THE  PRINCE  OF  WALES  during  His  Tour,  with  Notices 
of  some  of  the  Localities  visited.    8vo.   9s. 

n. 
SINAI  AND  PALESTINE,  in  Connection  with 

their  History.    Plans.    8vo.    16s. 

in. 
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Extracts  from  the  above  work.    For  the  use  of  Village  Schools,  &c. 
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LECTURES    ON   THE   HISTORY   OF    THE 

JEWISH  CHURCH:  Abraham  to  Samuel.    Plans.    8vo.    16s. 
V. 

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APOSTOLICAL  TEACHING.    Sermons  preached  for  the  most  part 
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BURY ;  Landing  of  Augustin,  Murder  of  Becket,  Edward  the  Black 
Prince,  Becket's  Shrine.    Illustrations.    PostSvo.    8s.  6rf. 

VIII. 

ADDRESSES  AND  CHARGES  OF  THE  LATE 

BISHOP  STANLEY.    With  a  Memoir.    10s.  6d. 

JOHN  MURRAY,  Albemarle  Street. 


TE 

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COLO 


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MONTHS   IN  THE  FIJI  ISLANDS. 


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NEL  W.  J.  SMYTHE,  Royal  Artillery,  late  H.M.  Commissioner  to 
Fiji.  Illustrated  by  Chromo-lithographs  and  Woodcuts  from  Sketches 
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Oxford,  and  377,  Strand,  London  : 
JOHN  HENRY  &  JAMES  PARKER. 


This  Day,  in  8vo,  price  6rf.,  by  post  7d. 

ENGLAND,     DENMARK,     and     GERMANY. 
By  8.  E.  B.  BOUVERIE  PUSEY. 

London:  J.  H.  &  JAS.  PARKER,  377,  Strand. 


WORKS 

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DEAN   OF  ST.   PAUL'S. 


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in  the  "  Daily  News,"  1862,  1863.    By  GOLD  WIN  SMITH,  M.  A., 
us  Professor  of  Modern  History  in  the  University  of  Oxford. 


Also,  by  the  same  Author, 
Second  Edition,  post  8vo,  price  Is.,  by  post,  Is.  Id. 

An  INAUGURAL  LECTURE  delivered  NOV. 

MDCCCLIX. 

Oxford  and  London  :  JOHN  HENRY  &  JAMES  PARKER. 


Printed  by  GEORGE  ANDREW  8POTTISWOODE,  at  6  New-street  Square,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Bride,  in  the  County  of  Middlesex 
Published  by  WILLIAM  GREIG  SMITH,  of  32  Wellington  Street,  Strand,  in  the  said  County. -Saturday,  February  27, 1864. 


jnd 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 

A  MEDIUM  OF  !  INTER-COMMUNICATION 

FOB 

LITERARY  MEN,  GENERAL   READERS,   ETC. 


When  found,  make  a  note  of."— CAPTAIN  CUTTLE. 


No.  114. 


SATURDAY,  MARCH  5,  1864. 


C  Price  Fourpence. 

I  Stamped  Edition,  3d. 


Two  in  The  French  Language  507. 
Two  inThe  German  Language  307. 
Two  in  The  Hebrew  Text  o/v 

the   Old   Testament,   the  I 

Greek  Text  of  the  New\     507. 

Testament,  and  Scripture  I 

History ) 

Two  in  Logic  and  Moral)      c^j 

Philosophy /     * 

Two  in  Political  Economy . . .  307. 
Two  in  Mathematics  and]  90f)7 

Natural  Philosophy /    -1 

Two  in  Experimental  Phi-)      ,,7 

losophy /     J 

Two  in  Chemistry 1757. 

Two  in  Botany  and  Vege-\     7fJ 

table  Physiology /     /w> 

Two  in  Geology  and  Palce-)      -.. 

ontology /     ' 

LAWS. 

Two  in  Law  and  the  Prin-\     .,., 
ciple*  of  Legislation /     so'' 

MEDICINE. 
Two  in  Medicine 1507. 


/Prof.  Cassal. 
IVacant., 

IDr?  Schaible.* 

/Rev.  Samuel  Davidson,D.D.,LL.D. 
I  William  Aldis  Wright,  Esq., M.A. 

/Edward  Poste,  Esq.,  M.A. 
(.Vacant. 

William  B.  Hodgson,  Esq.,  LL.D. 

Richard  Holt  Hutton,  Esq.,  M.A. 

W.  H.  Besant,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Vacant. 

Prof.  Liveing,  M.A. 

Balfour  Stewart,  Esq. ,  M.  A..F.R.S. 

Prof.  Wm.  A. Miller,  M.D..F.R.S. 

Vacant. 

J.  D.  Hooker,  Esq.,  M.D.,  F.R.S. 

Vacant. 

/Prof.  Morris, F.G.S. 
\Prof.  Ramsay,  F.R.S.,  Pres.  G.S. 


/Herbert  Broom,  Esq.,  M.A. 
\  Joseph  Sharpe,  Esq.,  LL.D. 


UNIVERSITY  OF  LONDON. 
\TOTICE  IS  HEREBY  GIVEN,  That  on  WED- 

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CONTENTS — The  Heralds' Visitation  of  Counties:  and  what  has  been 

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Counties:  Cornwall,  Devonshire,  Huntingdonshire,  Cambridgeshire, 
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Beaumont  Portrait  identified  by  Armorial  Bearings Roffe's  British 

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Birnie  and  Hamilton  of  Broomhill ;  Name  and  Family  of  Burnes 

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— 

Barochan.  —  The  Descent  of  Smart  from  Heber,  through  H 
Prichard,  and  Gregory  —  Heraldry  and  Humour:  Lord  Hough 
Lady  Augusta  de  Ameland  and  Sir  Augustus  d'Este  —  Self-const 


This  day  is  published,  price  2s.  6d.,  Part  IX.  of 

THE  HERALD  AND  GENEALOGIST. 

Edited  by  JOHN  GOUGH  NICHOLS,  F.S.A. 

CONTENTS  —  The  Heralds'  Visitation  of  Counties  ;  and  what  has  been 
done  towards  their  publication  __  Tonge's  Visitation  of  the  Northern 
Counties:  Cornwall,  Devonshire,  Huntingdonshire,  Cambridgeshire, 
Norfolk.—  The  Family  of  Sarsfield.  By  Richard  Caulfield,  B.A.—A 
Beaumont  Portrait  identified  by  Armorial  Bearings  __  Roffe's  British 
Monumental  Inscriptions  —  Beatson's  account  of  the  Beatsons  —  Jones's 
Notes  respecting  the  Family  of  Waldo  —  The  last  of  the  Flemings  of 
Barochan.  —  The  Descent  of  Smart  from  Heber,  through  Hughes, 

oughton  — 
tituted 

Colleges  of  Arms  and  Fabricated  Coats.  —  BIBLIOTHKCA  HKRAI.DICA: 
Some  Account  of  the  Butlers;  Genealogy  of  Lind,  Montgomery,  and 
Anson;  Origin  and  Succession  of  the  Family  of  Innes  ;  Cliffordiana  ; 
Birnie  and  Hamilton  of  Broomhill  ;  Name  and  Family  of  Burnes.  — 
Porny's  "  Elements  of  Heraldry,"  and  its  Author—  REVIEWS:  Thack- 
eray the  Humourist  and  Man  of  Letters;  Peerages,  Baronetages,  and 
Landed  Gentry.—  Genealogical  Charts  of  Denmark  and  Schleswig  Hoi- 
stein.—  HERALDIC  NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 

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[3'<»  S.  V.  MAR.  5,  '64. 


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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


187 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  MARCH  5,  1864. 

CONTENTS.— N°.  114. 

NOTES: —  The  Proper  Definition  of  "Team,"  187  — Rela- 
tionship of  the  Prince  and  Princess  of  Wales,  188  —  Ruth- 
ven,  Earl  of  Ford  and  Brentford,  /&.—  A  Divine  Medita- 
tion on  Death,  189  —  Absolute  Monarchy  of  Denmark,  Ib. 

—  Bibliography  of  Heraldry  and  Genealogy  —  Hanging 
and  Transportation  —  Sir  John  Coventry,  K.B.  —  Mounds 
of  Human  Remains  —  Records  of  Epitaphs — "  Cui  Bono  ?  " 
—Old  Painting  at  Easter  Fowlis,  190. 

QUERIES :  —  Henry  Crabtree  —  Forfeited  Estates  —  "  He 
digged  a  Pit  "  —  Judicial  Committee  of  the  Privy  Council 

—  Leading  Apes  in  Hell  —  Mozarabic  Liturgy  —  Paget  and 
Milton's  Third  Wife  —  Passage  in  "  Tom  Jones  "  —  Private 
Prayers  for  the  Laity  —  Quakers'  Yards  —  Rundale  Tenure 

—  Simon  and  the  Dauphin  — "  The  Sound  of  the  Grass 
growing,"  &c.  —  Taffy,  Paddy,    and  Sandy  —  Wadham 
Islands  —  "  Wit  without   Money  "  —  Wolfe,  Gardener  to 
Henry  VIII.  —  William  Wood  — Thomas  Yorke,  192. 

QTTEEIES  WITH  ANSWERS:  — Sir  Thomas  Scott— Sortes 
Virgilianae—  Greek  Epigram  —  Blair's  "Grave "  —  Bishop 
Richard  Barnes  —  Map  of  Roman  Britain  — "  The  How- 
lat "  —  Baal  Worship  —  "  Nullum  tetigit  quod  non  or- 
navit"  — Gormogon  Medal,  195. 

REPLIES:  — Hindu  Gods,  197  — Characters  in  the  "Rol- 
liad,"  198  — Alleged  Plagiarism,  76.  — Monkish  Enigma, 
199  —  Italics  —  Sir  Robert  Vernon  —Sir  Walter  Raleigh  — 
Fashionable  Quarters  of  London  —Balloons :  their  Dimen- 
sions —  Irenaeus  Quoted  —  Quotation  —  Revalenta  Arabica 

—  Cardinal  Beton  and  Archbishop  Gawin  Dunbar  —  Sir 
Edward  May  —  Christopher  Copley  —  Esquire  —  Elkanah 

—  Beech  Trees  never  struck  by  Lightning  — Descendants 
of  Fitz- James  —  Dr.  George  Oliver— The  Iron  Mask  — 
On  Wit  -  Retreat  — Primula,  &c.,  200. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


THE  PROPER  DEFINITION  OF  «TEAM." 
On  Thursday,  Feb.  11,  the  learned  Judges  of 
the  Court  of  Queen's  Bench  were  engaged  in  a 
subtle  inquiry  into  the  meaning  of  this  word,  the 
determination  of  which  involved  serious  conse- 
quences. ^  A  lessee  of  the  Duke  of  Marlborough 
was  required  by  the  terms  of  his  lease,  "  to  per- 
form each  year  one  day's  team  ivork  with  two 
horses  and  one  proper  person,  when  required." 

The  tenant  refused  to  send  a  cart  to  carry  coals 
when  required,  though  he  offered  to  send  the 
horses  and  man,  and  thereupon  issue  was  joined. 
The  case  was  tried  at  the  Oxford  Assizes,  and  a 
verdict  found  for  the  Duke ;  but  the  point  was 
reserved,  and  came  on  for  decision  before  the 
Judges  sitting  in  Banco. 

The  question  was  argued  very  ingeniously  by 
the  counsel  on  both  sides,  and  illustrated  by  quo- 
tations from  various  sources.  On  behalf  of  the 
Duke,  a  passage  in  Caesar,  De  Bell  Gall  iv.  33, 
was  quoted,  of  the  ancient  Britons  leaping  from 
their  war-chariots,  "  percurrere  per  temonem" 
f  As  the  lemo  here  mentioned  undoubtedly  sig- 
nfies  the  beam  or  pole  to  which  the  horses  were 
harnessed,  the  quotation  proves  too  much,  if  it 
proves  anything,  as  it  would  imply  that  the  team 
meant  the  carriage  without  the  horses.  On  the 
same  side,  the  line  in  Gray's  Elegy  — 

"  How  jocund  did  they  drive  their  team  a  field,". 


was  held  to  imply  both  horses  and  cart.  This  is 
certainly  not  tenable,  as  the  poet's  reference 
would  be  quite  as  appropriate  to  horses  or  oxen 
going  to  plough,  as  to  a  cart  or  waggon. 

On  the  part  of  the  defendant,  the  illustrations 
were  much  more  numerous  and  pertinent,  de- 
rived from  Dryden,  Roscommon,  Spenser,  and 
Shakespeare,  showing  that  the  term  was  usually 
applied  to  the  animals  drawing  rather  than  to  the 
carriage  drawn. 

Ultimately  this  reasoning  prevailed,  and  the 
Court  decided  by  a  majority,  Mr.  Justice  Mellor 
dissenting,  that  the  tenant  had  fulfilled  his  con- 
tract in  tendering  horses  and  man  without  the 
cart. 

Several  of  the  authorities  referred  to  present 
some  curious  points  of  interest  connected  with 
the  history  of  our  language. 

Those  who  have  occupied  themselves  with  phi- 
lological inquiries  are  aware  that  one  great  cause 
of  confusion  and  misunderstanding  is  the  fact  that 
words  originating  from  diverse  sources,  owing  to 
the  unsettled  condition  of  orthography  in  former 
times,  are  frequently  mixed  up  and  mistaken  for 
each  other.  So  it  has  been  in  the  present  case. 

For  instance  (I  quote  from  the  report  in  The 
Times} :  — 

"  The  learned  Counsel  cited  Bosworth'a  Anglo-Saxon 
Dictionary,  '  Team ;  issue,  offspring,  progeny,  a  succes- 
sion of  children;  anything  following  in  a  line.' 

"  Mr.  Justice  Crompton :  *  Surely  the  word  there  must 
be  spelt  teem?'  (Laughter.) 

"  The  learned  Counsel  cited  Richardson's  Dictionary. 
'Team;  a  team  or  yoke  of  working  cattle';  adding, 
'  Somner  applies  it  to  a  litter  of  pigs.'  (Laughter.) 

"  Mr.  Justice  Crompton:  '  What,  is  the  word  applied 
to  a  string  of  little  pigs?  '  (Great  laughter.) 

"  The  learned  Counsel  observed  that  it  was  even  ap- 
plied to  a  line  of  ducks ;  in  fact  to  a  line  of  any  sort  of 
animals." 

Now  here  are  two  words  of  entirely  different 
origin  and  signification,  owing  to  the  carelessness 
of  our  lexicographers,  classed  together  as  one,  and 
leading  to  uncertainty  and  obscurity  as  to  the 
meaning  of  either  or  both.  The  A.-S.  substan- 
tives tema,  tern,  team,  tyme,  ge-tem,  and  the  verbs 
teman,  temian,  teaman,  tyman,  ge-temian,  ge-teman, 
are  employed  interchangeably  to  represent  very 
different  ideas.  Let  us  endeavour  to  unravel  the 
mystery. 

The  Gothic  verb  tamjan  and  its  primitive,  timan, 
are  identical  with  the  A.-S.  tatnian,  Eng.  tame. 
Along  with  the  Gr.  Sa/xcta,  and  Latin  dom-o,  they 
are  derived  from  Sansk.  dam,  to  set  in  order,  regu- 
late, and  applied  to  animals,  to  tame.  In  the  con- 
crete sense,  as  tema,  it  was  applied  to  the  trained 
cattle  yoked  together,  in  the  same  way  that  in 
German  and  Dutch  a  team  is  called  a  spann,  from 
spannen,  to  harness,  and  in  English  a  "  yoke  "  of 
oxen  is  spoken  of.  The  first  instance  of  the  use 
of  the  word  which  I  have  met  with  is  in  Archbishop 
Alfric's  vocabulary,  of  the  tenth  century,  where 


188 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  MAR.  5,  '64. 


Lat.  jugalis  is  translated  by  ioc-terna,  where  it 

has  precisely  the  meaning  of  the  modern  "  team." 

In  Piers  Ploughman  s  Vision  we  read  — 

"  Grace  gaf  Piers  a  teeme 

Of  foure  grete  oxen." 

And  so  the  term  has  continued  to  be  employed 
down  to  the  present  time. 

The  other  application  of  the  word  to  a  litter  of 
pigs,  issue,  offspring,  a  succession  of  children,  &c., 
is  really  derived  from  the  verb  teem,  which  is 
descended  from  the  Norse  tb'ma,  originally  to  pour 
out,  empty,  and  metaphorically,  to  bring  forth ; 
then  applied  in  the  concrete  to  what  is  brought 
forth.  The  A.-S.  form  of  teem  is  written  indif- 
ferently tyman,  teman,  &c.,  and  is  naturally  con- 
founded with  the  derivatives  from  tamian,  with 
which  it  has  no  connection.  On  the  Wear  and 
Tyne,  the  teem  of  coals  signifies  the  quantity 
shipped,  the  coals  being  teemed,  or  poured  into 
the  hold  of  the  vessel.  The  word  is  most  in  use 
in  those  parts  of  the  country  where  the  Danish 


element  prevails.  The  Scottish  toom,  empty,  is  a 
derivative  from  the  same  stock. 

The  word  team  or  theam,  with  the  same  idea 
of  offspring,  was  used  also  in  another  tense  in  the 
Middle  Ages.  When  the  Baron  of  Bradwardine 
enumerated  to  Waverley  his  long  list  of  feudal 
jurisdictions,  sac  and  soc,  infangtheof  and  out- 
fangtheof,  &c.,  amongst  the  rest,  toll  and  theam 
are  mentioned.  Spelman  gives  the  following  ex- 
planation in  the  words  of  an  old  charter  :  — 

"  '  Theam,'  hoc  est, '  quod  habeatis  totam  generationem 
villanorum  vestrorum,  cum  eorum  sectis  et  catallis  ubi- 
cunque  invent!  fuerint  in  Anglia ;  excepto  quod  si  quis 
nativus  quietus  per  annum  unum  et  unum  diem  in  aliqua 
villa  privilegiata  manserit,  ita  quod  in  eorum  commu- 
niam  sive  gildam  tanquam  civis  receptus  fuerit,  eo  ipso 
A  villenagio  liberatus  est.' " 

Theam  was  in  fact  the  fugitive-slave  law  of  Old 
England,  with  the  saving  clause  of  a  city  of  re- 
fuge. 

J.  A.  PICTON. 

Wavertree. 


RELATIONSHIP  OF  THE  PRINCE  AND  PRINCESS  OF  WALES. 

I  inclose  a  table  showing  the  fourfold  relationship  between  the  Prince  and  Princess  of  Wales 
through  the  House  of  Saxe  Coburg.  FARNHAM. 

Cavan. 

1.  Fras.  Josias,  Duke  of  Saxe=Anne  Sophia,  of  Schwartzb. 
Coburg,  ob.  1761.  I     Rudolstadt.,  ob.  1778. 


2.  Ernest  Fredk.,  Duke  of=Sophia  Antoinette,  of 
Saxe  Coburg,  ob.  1800.  I    Brunswick,  ob.  1802. 


2.  Charlotte  Sophia=Louis,  Prince  of  Mecklenburg 
ob.  1810.  I     Schwerin,  ob.  1778. 


; 

Fras.  Fred.  Ant.,  Duke  of=Aug.  Soph.  Car.  of 
Saxe  Coburg,  ob.  1809.      1    Reuss  Ebersdorff. 
ob.  1831. 

3.  Louise  Charlotte= 
ob.  1801. 

=  Augustus,  Duke  of 
Saxe  Gotha,  ob. 
1822. 

I 

3.  Sophia  Frederica: 
ob.  1794. 

=Fredei 
mar 

1 

Marie  Louise  Vict&ria 
ob.  1861. 

1 
=Edward,  Duke  of      4. 
Kent.ob.  1820. 

Era.  Ant.  Chas.  Louis 
Duke  of  Saxe  Coburg 
Gotha,  ob.  1844. 

=4.  Louise  of  Saxe  Gotha,       4.  Louise  Charlotte= 
heir.                                        of  Denmark. 

., 
Hesse 


5.  Louise,  of  Hesie=Christian  IX.,  King  of 
Cassel.  I     Denmark. 


6.  Albert 
Prince  of 


ward=6.  Alexandra,  of 
ales.  I       Denmark. 


RUTHVEN,  EARL  OF  FORD  AND  BRENTFORD. 

In  the  preceding  series  of  "N.  &  Q."  there 
occurs  an  article  relative  to  Patrick  Ruthven,  the 
friend  of  Gustavus  Adolphus,  who  recommended 
him  in  the  most  urgent  manner  possible  to 
Charles  I.  (2nd  S.  ii.  100).  It  may  not  be  out  of 
place  to  say  a  few  words  relative  to  the  ancestors 
of  this  person,  who  subsequently  distinguished 
himself  as  a  warrior  in  Britain,  and  fully  justified 
the  encomiums  bestowed  upon  him  by  the  Lion  of 
the  North. 

The  friend  of  Gustavus  was  not  descended  from 
the  Earls  of  Gowrie.  He  was  a  male  descendant  of 
William  Ruthven  of  Ballindene,  a  younger  son  of 


the  first  Lord  Ruthven ;  and  upon  his  return 
to  the  land  of  his  forefathers,  Charles  at  once  took 
him  into  his  favour,  and  made  him,  in  1639,  a 
Scotch  Baron,  by  the  title  of  Lord  Ruthven  of 
Ettrick,  and  conferred  upon  him  the  governor- 
ship of  Edinburgh  Castle.  Subsequently,  he  was 
elevated  to  an  earldom  in  Scotland  by  the  title  of 
Earl  of  Forth,  March  27,  1642,  with  limitation  to 
the  heirs  male  of  his  body  ;  and  in  1644  (July  26), 
he  obtained  the  English  earldom  of  Brentford, 
with  a  similar  remainder.  He  died  at  Dundee  in 
January,  1651,  when  his  earldom  became  extinct 
for  want  of  heir  male  of  his  body.  The  Ettrick 
peerage  may  exist,  as  he  left  three  daughters: 


3"1  S.  V.  MAR.  5,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


189 


two  of  whom  married,  and  had  issue ;  but  the 
terms  of  the  patent  are  not  known.  The  second 
daughter,  Lady  Jean,  married  Lord  Forrester 
of  Corstorphine,  and  had  by  him  five  sons,  who 
assumed  the  name  of  Ruthven. 

William,  do  facto  fourth  Earl  of  Gowrie,  fled 
to  the  continent,  and  is  said  to  have  "  been  famous 
for  his  knowledge  of  chemistry."  He  escaped  ap- 
parently the  clutches  of  King  "  Jemmie  the  Sa- 
pient and  Saxt' ;"  who  got  hold  of  his  brother 
Patrick,  and  popped  him  in  the  Tower  :  where  he 
married,  and  had  one  child,  a  daughter — who  be- 
came Lady  Vandyke.  In  her  issue,  the  direct 
representation  of  the  Earls  of  Gowrie  remains, 
as  well  as  that  of  the  Ruthvens  of  Ruthven ;  and 
of  the  more  ancient  Halyburtons  of  Dirleton — 
a  barony  which  came  to  the  third  Lord  Ruthven 
through  his  mother,  Jean,  or  Janet,  Lady  Haly- 
burton  of  Dirleton. 

As  Earl  William  is  said  to  have  been  learned 
in  chemistry,  it  was  conjectured  that  he  might  be 
the  Lord  Ruthven  alluded  to  in  the  preface  to  the 
Ladies'  Cabinet.  Assuredly  it  could  not  have  been 
Patrick,  Earl  of  Forth  and  Brentford ;  who,  if  all 
stories  are  true,  was  equally  powerful  in  wine  as 
war  :  for  Gustavus  availed  himself  not  only  of  his 
services  as  a  warrior,  but  as  a  toper,  who  could 
drink  potations  *'  deep  and  long,"  and  never  be  a 
bit  the  worse ;  a  man  who,  as  "  field-marshal  of 
the  bottles  and  glasses,"  enabled  his  master  to 
extract  the  secrets  of  those  he  thought  politic  to 
invite  to  his  table. 

In  the  Catalogue  of  the  valuable  library  of  Sir 
Andrew  Balfour,  M.D.,  which  was  exposed  to 
sale  at  Edinburgh  in  1695,  several  MSS.  were 
included ;  amongst  others,  is  the  following  in  4to — 
"  Georgius  Ruthven,  Liber  Miscellanius  Medi- 
cinae."  Who  was  this  George  Ruthven  ?  Was  he 
one  of  the  grandchildren  of  the  Earl  of  Forth,  who 
adopted  his  name  in  preference  to  their  own  ?  J.M. 


A  DIVINE  MEDITATION  ON  DEATH. 
The  following  verses,  dated  1696,  are  from  a 
MS.  of  contemporary  date,  or  nearly  so.    As  they 
are  possibly  hitherto  unpublished,  I  send  them  to 
"N.&Q.":- 

"  A  DIVINE  MEDITATION   MADE  UPON   DEATH   IN  THESE 
NINE  WOKDES   FOLLOWING,   VIZ'T :  — 

"  Nothing  more  sure  than  Death,  for  all  must  Die. 
"  Nothing  more  wish't  than  Wealth,  yet  y*  will  leave  us ; 

Nothing  more  dear  than  Love,  that  lasts  not  ever ; 
Nothing  more  rare  than  Friendes,  j'et  they  deceive  us ; 

Nothing  more  fast  than  Wedlock,  yet  they  sever. 
The  World  must  end,  all  things  away  must'flie ; 
Nothing  more  sure  than  Death,  for  all  must  Die. 
"  More  Strength  may  be  obtain'd,  but  'twill  decay ; 

More  Beaut}'  may  be  had,  but  'twill  not  last ; 
More  Honour  may  be  gain'd,  but  'twill  away ; 

More  Joys  may  follow,  when  some  of  their's  are  past.* 

*  This  line  appears  corrupted.    Qu.  Can  it  be  corrected 
uom  another  copy?  J.  G.  N. 


For  long  continuance  it  is  vain  to  trie ; 
Nothing  more  sure  than  Death,  for  all  must  Die. 

"  Sure  Love  must  Die,  tho  rooted  in  the  Hart ; 
Sure  'tis  y*  all  things  earthy  are  unstable ; 
Sure  ffriends  are  pure  ffriends,  yet  such  ffriends  must 

part; 

Sure  'tis  y*  all  things  here  are  variable. 
Not  two,  nor  one  may  'scape,  nor  you  nor  I ; 
Nothing  more  sure  than  Death,  for  all  must  Die. 

"  Then  let  ye  Rich  no  longer  covet  Wealth, 

Then  let  ye  Proud  vaile  his  Ambitious  thought, 
Then  let  yc  Strong  not  glory  in  their  strength, 

Then  let  all  yield,  since  all  must  come  to  nought  — 
The  Elder  ffish,  and  then  the  Younger  ffrie ; 
Nothing  more  sure  than  Death,  for  all  must  Die. 

"  Death  tooke  away  King  Herod  in  his  pride ; 

Death  spared  not  Hercules,  for  all  his  strength ; 
Death  shooke  great  Alexander,  till  he  dy'd ; 

Death  spared  Adam,  yet  he  dy'd  at  length : 
The  Beggar  and  ye  King  together  lie ; 
Nothing  more  sure  than  Death,  for  all  must  Die. 

"  For  Sceptors,  Crowns,  Imperialls,  Diadems, 
For  all  ye  Glory  that  ye  World  can  give ; 
For  Pleasures,  Treasures,  Jewells,  costly  Jemms, 

For  all  ye  Beauties  y*  on  Earth  do  live, 
He  will  not  spare  his  Dart,  but  still  replie, 
Nothing  more  sure  than  Death,  for  all  must  Die. 

"  All  from  y°  highest  to  ye  lowest  Degree ; 

All  People,  Nations,  Countryes,  Kingdomes,  Lands ; 
All  that  in  Earth  or  Aire,  or  Sea  that  bee ; 

All  must  yield  up  to  his  all  Conquering  Hands : 
He  wounds  them  all  with  his  Imperiall  Eye ; 
Nothing  more  sure  than  Death,  for  all  must  Die. 

"  Must  all  then  Die  ?  then  all  must  think  on  Death  ; 

Must  all  then  vanish — the  Sun,  Moon,  and  Starrs  ? 
Must  every  single  Creature  yeild  bis  Breath? 

Must  all  then  cease — our  Joyes,  Delights,  and  Cares  ? 
Yes :  All,  with  one  united  voice  do  Cry, 
Nothing  more  sure  than  Death,  for  all  must  Die. 

"  Die  let  us  then,  but  let  us  Die  in  Peace ; 

Die  to  ye  world,  that  dyinge  wee  may  live ; 
Die  to  our  Sinns,  yl  grace  may  more  increase ; 

Die  here,  to  live  with  Him  that  Life  doth  give : 
Die,  Die  wee  must,  let  Wealths  and  Pleasures  lie ; 
Nothing  more  sure  than  Death,  for  all  must  Die. 

"1696." 

JOHN  GOUGH  NICHOLS. 


ABSOLUTE  MONARCHY  OF  DENMARK. 

At  the  present  crisis  in  the  affairs  of  Denmark, 
it  is  important  to  know  how  Frederick  VII.  de- 
rived the  power  to  "  will  away  "  his  kingdom. 

The  narrative  is  found  in  the  Memoirs  of  Lord 
Molesworth,  who  resided  in  1660  as  envoy  of  the 
King  of  England  at  the  court  of  Copenhagen 
(ch.  vii.)  ;  but  the  following  is  extracted  from 
The  World  Displayed  (xx.  65)  :  — 

"  Denmark  was,  till  lately,  governed  by  a  king  chosen 
by  the  people  of  all  ranks ;  but  in  their  choice,  they  paid 
a  due  regard  to  the  family  of  the  preceding  prince,  and, 
if  they  found  one  of  his  line  qualified  for  that  high  honour, 
they  thought  it  just  to  prefer  him  before  any  other,  and 
were  pleased  when  they  had  reason  to  choose  the  eldest 
son  of  their  former  king :  but  if  those  of  the  royal  family 


190 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[>d  S.  y.  MAR.  5,  '64. 


were  deficient  in  abilities,  or  had  rendered  themselves 
unworthy  by  their  vices,  they  chose  some  other  person, 
and  sometimes  a  private  man  to  that  high  dignity. 
Frequent  meetings  of  the  States  was  a  fundamental  part 
of  the  constitution :  in  those  meetings,  everything  relat- 
ing to  the  government  was  transacted ;  good  laws  were 
enacted,  and  all  affairs  relating  to  peace  and  war,  the 
disposal  of  great  offices,  and  contracts  of  marriage  for  the 
royal  family,  were  debated.  The  imposing  of  taxes  was 
purely  accidental ;  no  money  being  levied  on  the  people 
except  to  maintain  a  necessary  war  with  the  advice  and 
consent  of  the  nation ;  or  now  and  then,  by  way  of  free 
gift,  to  add  to  a  daughter's  portion.  The  king's  ordinary 
revenue  consisting  only  in  the  rents  of  his  lands  and 
demesnes,  in  his  herds  of  cattle,  his  forests,  services  of 
tenants  in  cultivating  his  ground,  &c. :  for  customs  on 
merchandise  were  not  then  known  in  that  part  of  the 
world ;  so  that  he  lived  like  one  of  our  noblemen,  upon 
the  revenues  of  his  estate.  It  was  his  business  to  see 
justice  impartially  administered;  to  watch  over  the  wel- 
fare of  his  people ;  to  command  their  armies  in  person ; 
to  encourage  industry,  arts,  and  learning:  and  it  was 
equally  his  duty  and  interest  to  keep  fair  with  the  no- 
bility and  gentry,  and  to  be  careful  of  the  plenty  and 
prosperity  of  the  commons." 

Molesworth  then  proceeds  to  show  that  — 

"  In  1660,  the  three  states,  that  is,  the  nobility,  clergy, 
and  commonalty,  being  assembled  in  order  to  pay  and 
disband  the  troops  which  had  been  employed  against 
Sweden,  the  nobility  endeavoured  to  lay  the  whole  bur- 
den on  the  commons ;  while  the  latter,  who  had  defended 
their  country,  their  prince,  and  the  nobility  themselves, 
with  the  utmost  bravery,  insisted  that  the  nobles,  who 
enjoyed  all  the  lands,  should  pay  their  share  of  the 
taxes ;  since  they  suffered  less  in  the  common  calamity, 
and  had  done  less  to  prevent  its  progress." 

The  commons  were  then  officially  informed  that 
they  were  slaves  to  the  nobility ;  but  the  word 
slaves  not  being  relished  by  the  clergy  and  bur- 
ghers, they,  on  consultation,  determined  as  the 
most  effectual  way  to  bring  the  nobility  to  their 
senses,  and  to  remedy  the  disorders  of  the  state, 
"  to  add  to  the  power  of  the  king,  and  render  his 
crown  hereditary."  The  nobles  were  in  a  general 
state  of  consternation  at  the  suddenness  of  this 
proposal;  but  the  two  other  states — the  clergy 
and  commons  —  were  not  to  be  wrought  upon  by 
smooth  speeches,  explanations,  and  appeals  for 
time  and  delay :  — 

"  The  bishop  made  a  long  speech  in  praise  of  his 
majesty,  and  concluded  with  offering  him  an  hereditary 
and  absolute  dominion.  The  king  returned  them  his 
thanks ;  but  observed,  that  the  concurrence  of  the  nobles 
was  necessary." 

The  nobles,  "  filled  with  the  apprehensions  of 
being  all  massacred,"  were  now  in  a  great  hurry 
to  confirm  the  decision  of  the  two  other  states  ;  but 
the  king  would  not  allow  of  such  cowardly  precipi- 
tation, and,  consequently,  with  all  the  formalities, 
on  the  27th  Oct.,  1660, "  the  homage  of  all  the 
senators,  nobility,  clergy,  and  commons,"  was  re- 
ceived by  the  king,  "  which  was  performed  on  their 
knees  :  ^  each  taking  an  oath  faithfully  to  promote 
his  majesty's  interest  in  all  things,  and  to  serve 


him  faithfully  as  became  hereditary  subjects." 
One  Gersdorf,  a  principal  senator,  expressed  a 
wish  that  his  majesty's  successors  might  "follow 
the  example  his  majesty  would  undoubtedly  set 
them,  and  make  use  of  that  unlimited  power  for 
the  good,  and  not  the  prejudice  of  his  subjects.'* 

"  The  nobles  were  called  over  by  name,  and  ordered  to 
subscribe  the  oath  they  had  taken— which  they  all  did.'* 
.  .  .  .  "Thus,"  continues  Molesworth,  "in  four  days* 
time  the  kingdom  of  Denmark  was  changed  from  a  state, 
but  little  different  from  that  of  aristocracy,  to  that  of  an 
unlimited  monarchy." 

I  may  add,  as  an  illustration  of  Shakspeare, 
that  "  the  kettledrums  and  trumpets  which  are 
ranged  before  the  palace,  proclaim  aloud  the  very 
minute  when  the  king  sits  down  to  table."  But 
one  of  the  greatest  of  blessings  must  not  be 
omitted :  — 

"  What  is  most  admirable  with  respect  to  Denmark, 
are  its  laws ;  which  are  founded  on  equity,  and  are  re- 
markable for  their  justice,  perspicuity,  and  brevity. 
These  are  contained  in  one  quarto  volume ;  wrote  in  the 
language  of  the  country  with  such  plainness,  that  every 
man  who  can  read  is  capable  of  understanding  his  own 
case;  and  pleading  it  too,  if  he  pleases,  without  the 
assistance  of  either  an  attorney  or  of  counsel " ! ! !  —  See 
Schmauss,  Corp.  JUT.  Gent.  Acad.,  i.  858;  Holberg, 
Daenemarkische  Staats-und- Reichs-  Historic,  p.  84;  Lettres 
sur  le  Danemark,  i.  118 ;  and  Mallet,  iii.  475. 

T.  J.  BlICKTON. 

Lichfield. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  HERALDRY  AND  GENEALOGY. 

I  have  nearly  completed,  to  be  put  to  press  as 
soon  as  the  names  of  a  sufficient  number  of  sub- 
scribers are  received,  a  new  Catalogue  of  the 
published  and  privately  printed  Books  on  He- 
raldry, Genealogy,  and  kindred  subjects;  and  as 
no  work  of  the  kind  could  be  accomplished,  with 
any  degree  of  accuracy,  without  the  aid  of 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  I  hope  I  may  be  permitted  to  bring 
the  subject  of  my  compilation  before  its  readers. 
Briefly  I  would  say,  that  my  Catalogue  will  be  a 
classified  one,  and  that  every  work  which  may  be 
found  in  the  Library  of  the  British  Museum  will 
be  noted  in  the  same  way  that  Mons.  Guigard  has, 
in  his  BiUiotheque  Heraldique  de  la  France^  in- 
dicated the  works  which  are  in  the  Bibliotheque 
Imperiale.  To  my  work  will  be  added  an  Index 
to  the  Line  Pedigrees  in  the  county  histories  and 
other  topographical  publications.  It  is  known 
that  Mr.  Sims  contemplated  the  addition  of  such 
an  index  to  the  Catalogue  of  Heraldic  Manu- 
scripts and  new  edition  of  his  Index  to  the  Visita- 
tions, which  he  is  preparing  for  the  press ;  but 
he  has  waived  his  prior  right  in  favour  of  the 
work  now  announced,  in  the  belief  that  the  sepa- 
ration of  the  two  indexes  would  be  productive  of 
unity  of  purpose. 

I  beg  then,  through  "  N.  &  Q.,"  to  ask  the 
favour  of  information  relating  to,  1.  Rare  books  ; 


3'd  S.  V.  MAR.  5,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


191 


2.  Privately  printed  genealogies  and  sheet  pedi- 
grees ;    3.    Topographical    pamphlets,    &c.,    con- 
taining line  pedigrees.  CHAHLES  BRIDGEE. 
Witley,  Surrey. 

HANGING  AND  TRANSPORTATION.  —  It  has  often 
been  asserted  with  great  confidence,  by  advocates 
for  the  abolition  of  capital  punishment,  that  men 
would  be  as  effectually  deterred  from  crime  by 
the  fear  of  being  transported  as  by  the  dread  of 
being  hanged.  The  following  curious  fact,  re- 
cently met  with  in  the  Scots  Magazine  for  1789 
(p.  481),  does  not,  however,  bear  out  that  state- 
ment. At  the  close  of  the  Session  at  the  Old 
Bailey,  in  September,  1789,  there  were  so  large  a 
number  of  prisoners  under  sentence  of  death,  but 
whose  executions  had  been  delayed  in  conse- 
quence of  the  state  of  the  King's  health,  that  the 
authorities  were  unwilling  to  carry  out  the  ex- 
treme penalty  of  the  law  upon  them,  for  there 
were,  it  would  seem,  no  less  than  eighty-two  ;  and, 
consequently,  they  were  brought  to  the  bar  on 
September  19,  and  asked  whether  they  would  ac- 
cept His  Majesty's  mercy  on  condition  of  being 
transported  for  life  to  New  South  Wales.  A  vast 
majority  accepted  this  conditional  pardon,  but 
many  with  great  hesitation.  Eight,  however,  re- 
fused ;  and  though  warned  by  the  court,  that  if 
they  persisted  in  such  refusal  they  should  be 
ordered  for  execution,  they  still  persisted,  and 
were  removed  to  their  cells.  In  three  hours  after, 
five  of  these  entreated  that  they  might  be  per- 
mitted to  accept  of  the  mercy  of  the  sovereign. 
Two  of  the  remainder,  later  in  the  day,  sent  in 
their  acceptance  ;  and  on  Monday,  Sept.  21,  when 
every  preparation  was  ready  for  the  execution  of 
the  last  of  these  poor  wretches,  he  begged  and 
received  His  Majesty's  mercy  on  the  terms  first 
offered  to  him.  H.  A.  T. 

SIR  JOHN  COVENTRY,  K.B.  —  This  gentleman, 
the  son  of  John  Coventry,  Esq.  (eldest  son,  by  his 
second  wife,  of  Thomas  Lord  Coventry),  by  Eliza- 
beth, daughter  of  John  Aldersey,  Esq.,  and  widow 
of  William  Pitchford,  Esq.,  was  of  Pitminster  in 
the  county  of  Somerset,  and  Mere  in  Wiltshire, 
and  represented  Weymouth  in  all  the  parliaments 
of  Charles  II. 

A  violent  and  most  dastardly  assault  on  him  in 
consequence  of  a  somewhat  sorry  jest  of  his  in  the 
House  of  Commons,  caused  immense  excitement, 
and  led  to  the  act  against  cutting  and  maiming, 
denominated  the  Coventry  Act.  Although  in  his 
lifetime  passing  for  a  staunch  Protestant  and 
Whig,  by  his  will  he  recommended  his  soul  to  the 
intercession  of  the  Blessed  Virgin,  desired  that  his 
body  might  be  buried  in  the  chapel  of  Somerset 
House,  and  gave  most  of  his  estate  to  the  English 
Jesuits  at  St.  Omer's.  The  will  was  set  aside  by 
law,  and  his  property  seems  to  have  passed  to  his 
uncle,  Francis  Coventry. 


Sir  John  Coventry  probably  died  between  1681 
and  1686.  The  exact  date  of  that  event  will  be 
very  acceptable. 

He  founded  a  hospital  for  twelve  poor  men  at 
Wiveliscomb  in  Somersetshire,  but  I  have  not 
succeeded  in  discovering  any  notice  of  this  insti- 
tution in  the  Reports  of  the  Charity  Commis- 
sioners. S.  Y.  R. 

MOUNDS  OF  HUMAN  REMAINS. — I  am  not  aware 
that  any  vestiges  remain  of  the  mounds  of  human 
heads  said  to  have  been  raised  by  Zenghis  Khan, 
or  Tamerlane,  during  their  devastating  wars  in 
the  West  of  Asia ;  but  in  the  peninsula  of  India, 
in  the  ceded  districts  of  the  Madras  Presidency, 
is  to  be  seen  at  the  present  day  a  very  large 
mound,  consisting  of  burnt  organic  matter  and  ashes, 
which  the  voice  of  native  tradition  affirms  to  have 
been  formed  of  the  remains  of  a  multitude  of  Budd- 
hists or  Jainas,  who  were  here  burnt  alive  in  a  vast 
?ile  by  their  Brahmin  conquerors.  The  south  of 
ndia,  especially  that  part  of  it  which  formed  the 
old  Chera  kingdom,  now  the  province  of  Coim- 
batore,  was  formerly  inhabited  by  Jainas,  who 
were  conquered  by  Brahmin  Hindoos.  One  of 
these  invaders  was  the  king  of  Chola-mundalum 
or  Coromandel,  and  I  have  frequently  seen  in  that 
part  of  the  country  "  vera-culs,"  or  heroic  stones, 
raised  to  warriors  distinguished  under  him,  and 
who  are  represented  in  suits  of  armour  much  resem- 
bling those  worn  in  England  in  the  middle  of  the 
fourteenth  century,  though  less  substantial.  Maha- 
vullipoor,  or  the  Seven  Pagodas,  on  the  same 
coast,  the  supposed  capital  of  the  Chola  kings,  is 
celebrated  for  its  monolithic  temples,  rock  sculp- 
tures, and  other  interesting  antiquities.  H.  C. 

RECORDS  or  EPITAPHS.  — From  curiosity  partly, 
I  lately  looked  at  a  work  by  P.  Fisher  — 

"  Catalogue  of  most  of  the  Memorable  Tombes,  Grave- 
stones, Plates,  &c.,  in  the  demolisht  or  extant  Churches 
of  London,  from  St.  Katherine's  beyond  the  Tower  to 
Temple  Barre,"  &c.  4to,  London,  1668. 

It  is  indeed  nothing  more  than  a  "  catalogue," 
for  none  of  the  inscriptions  are  given,  and  only 
in  a  very  few  instances  does  he  state  in  what 
church  the  memorial  was  placed.  Two  or  three 
names  occur  which  I  should  be  glad  to  trace  so 
as  to  obtain  the  epitaph,  but  am  completely  foiled. 
Is  it  known  how  the  author  compiled  the  list  ? 
Whether  from  a  series  ©{""publications,  or  from  his 
own  notes  ?  The  British  Museum  has  two  copies, 
perhaps  a  first  and  second  edition,  both  imper- 
fect ;  one  having  fifty-two  pages,  and  the  other 
only  forty-four.  Quaritch  lately  advertised  a 
copy  for  twenty-five  shillings,  also  "  imperfect  at 
the  end."  A  complete  copy  might  give  some  such 
information  as  I  have  asked  for  above. 

Since  writing  the  above  query  I  had  occasion 
to  look  into  Stow's  Survey  of  London,  and  though 
not  able  to  compare  the  two  books  together,  I  felt 


192 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3*»  S.  V.  MAK.  5,  '64. 


convinced  that  Fisher's  work  is  merely  an  abstract 
of  the  epitaphs  given  in  Stow.  Seymour's  London 
also  appears  to  contain  the  same  epitaphs — -being 
an  enlargement  of  Stow.  In  these  works  I  found 
the  three  epitaphs  I  wanted.  W.  P. 

"Cui  BONO?  " — Not  a  day  passes  but  some  wri- 
ter in  a  newspaper,  or  speaker  at  a  county  meet- 
ing, wishes  to  express  the  simple  idea  —  "  What's 
the  good  of  it  ?  "  and  thinking  it  finer  to  say  it  in 
Latin,  he  uses  the  words  "  cui  bono?"  Those  who 
know  the  meaning  of  "  cui  bono "  shrug  their 
shoulders,  and  let  it  pass.  But  when  a  publication 
like  the  Saturday  Review,  conducted  by  able 
scholars,  has  a  long  article  headed  "  Cui  bono  ?  " 
the  whole  tenor  of  which  proves  that  the  writer 
so  understands  these  two  words,  it  is  time  that 
you  should 


I  scarcely  think  such  another  piece  of  ecclesias- 
tical painting  is  to  be  seen  anywhere  else  in  Scot- 
land, at  least  adorning  the  walls  of  what  is  now 
a  rural  Protestant  church.  I  have  no  idea  of  the 
exact  age  of  the  work  or  its  artist's  name,  but  it 
must  be  of  considerable  antiquity.  The  adjoining 
churchyard  also  contains  some  old  tombstones 
worth  notice.  G.  G.  M. 

Edinburgh. 

•:  ;>.->.;  y,.  .'-:.• 


JIOVIUOJ 


K)8I 


HENRY  CRABTREE.— In  a  History  of  the  Town 
and  Parish  of  Halifax,  printed  by  E.  Jacobs,  for 


explain  to  those  who  are  daily  using     J-  Milner,  Bookseller,  in  the  Corn  Market,  1789, 
the  phrase,  that   they  entirely  misconceive    the     I  &n&  tne  following  notice  of  "  Crabtree,  Henry, 

J        /» _  /»       i  1    •  •  ,1  «   1  •  t    •      i        I      r»/"s.wt  /-»4-C»-k-.  ^/^  «^4-^        T/"*..,  "U  A_—  *    >*  TT  1 


meaning   and   force   of  this   pithy   idiom,  which 
Cicero  *  calls  "  illud  Cassianum." 

A  very  logical  argument  is  contained  in  these 
two  little  words.  If  we  were  to  inquire  who  was 
the  author  of  the  murder  of  Darnley,  Cicero  would 
have  asked  "  Cui  bono  fuerit  ?  "  who  was  to  gain 
by  the  death  of  Darnley  ?  And  the  question  sug- 
gests the  answer — undoubtedly  Both  well  and  t 
Queen.  All  this  is  conveyed  by  "cui  bono"  when 
properly  used,  which  is  very  rarely  its  fate. 

J.  C.  M. 

OLD  PAINTING  AT  EASTER  FOWLIS.  —  Some 
years  ago  I  was  favoured  with  a  view  of  a  unique 
painting,  which  I  think  so  curious  that  it  deserves 
to  be  noted  in  "N.  &  Q."  At  a  place  called 
Easter  Fowlis,  a  few  miles  from  Dundee,  there 
is,  in  tolerable  preservation,  an  old  Roman  Ca- 
tholic chapel  which  is  now  used  as  a  Protestant 
church,  in  and  about  which  are  several  very  in- 
teresting relics  of  bye-gone  times  ;  altogether  the 
place  is  well  worth  a  visit.  The  painting  I  refer 
to  is  in  the  church,  and  is  of  considerable'size.  It 
is  executed  on  wood,  and  occupies  almost  the  en- 
tire wall  at  one  end  of  the  small  building.  If  I 
was  informed  of  the  subject  of  it  I  have  forgotten 
it,  but  what  makes  the  work  remarkable  is  that 


sometimes  wrote  Krabtree."  He  was  born,  as 
some  have  thought,  in  Norland ;  as  others,  in  the 
village  of  Sowerby,  where  he  was  initiated  in 
school  learning  with  Archbishop  Tillotson.  He 
has  left  behind  him  the  character  of  being  a 
good  mathematician  and  astronomer.  He  pub- 
lished "Merlinus  Rusticus,  or,  a  Country  Almanack, 
yet  treating  of  courtly  matters,  and  the  most 
sublime  affairs  now  in  agitation  throughout  the 
whole  world.  1.  Showing  the  beginning,  increase, 
and  continuance  of  the  Turkish,  or  Ottoman 
Empire.  2.  Predicting  the  fate  and  state  of  the 
Roman  and  Turkish  Empires.  3.  Foretelling 
what  success  the  Grand  Seignior  shall  have  in 
this  his  war,  in  which  he  is  now  engaged  against 
the  German  Emperor.  All  these  are  endeavoured 
to  be  proved  from  the  most  probable  and  indu- 
bitable arguments  of  history,  theology,  astrology  ; 
together  with  the  ordinary  furniture  of  other 
Almanacks.  By  Henry  Krabtree,  Curate  of  Tod- 
murden,  in  Lancashire.  London,  printed  for  the 
Company  of  Stationers,  1685." 

I  may  now  ask  if  anything  further  is  known 
of  this  Henry  Crabtree,  and  whether  a  copy  of 
this  Almanac  is  still  in  existence  ?  "  John  Crab- 
tree,  Gent,  author  of  a  Concise  History  of  the 


extraordinary  character ;  one  is  the  devil, 
and  the  other  the  soul  of  a  man  leaving  his  body. 
The  artist  has  evidently  not  been  aware  of  the 
modern  notions  of  Satan's  appearance,  or  if  so,  he 
has  departed  widely  from  it.  He  represents  the 
arch-enemy  as  something  in  size  and  shape  be- 
tween a  pair  of  large  shears,  and  a  black  lobster. 
Ihe  soul  is  represented  very  much  like  one  of 
those  embryo  dolls  to  be  found  in  the  toy-shops, 
Caving  neither  arms  nor  legs,  but  of  a  wed^e 
shape.  It  appears  to  be  coming  out  of  the  dyino- 
possessor's  mouth,  and  the  lobster-like  devil  is 
evidently  on  the  alert  to  catch  it. 

*  See  Cicero  pro  Milone. 


among  the  figures  represented  are"  to" be  ~fou~nd  I  $B#§  and  Y^f6  fo^^i  Publfshe~d  bv 
two  of  extraordinarv  nharar^r  •  ™*  ;*  ^  *~.:i    I     Hartley  and  Walker,  1836,    evidently  confounds 

this  Henry  Crabtree  with  the  friend  and  corre- 
adent  of  Horrocks  and  Gascoigne.     Mr.  Crab- 

5  adds,  that   "  he  married Pilling,  widow, 

of  Stansfield  Hall,  near  Todmorden. 


T.  T.  WILKINSON. 

Burnley,  Lancashire. 

FORFEITED  ESTATES. — Can  any  of  your  readers 
tell  me  where  I  can  obtain  information  as  to 
estates  in  Scotland,  said  to  have  been  confiscated 
in  1715  or  1746  ?  I  want  to  ascertain  the  par- 
ticulars of  the  estates  belonging  to  a  certain  per- 
son, and  the  details  of  the  process  under  which 
they  were  seized.  A.  F.  B. 


3'dS.  V.  MAR.  5, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


193 


"  HE  DIGGED  A  PJT." — Can  any  of  your  contri- 
butors inform  me  who  was  the  author  of  the  follow- 
ing stanza,  and  in  what  book  it  may  be  found  ? 
"  He  digged  a  pit, 

He  digged  it  deep, 
He  digged  it  for  his  brother ; 
But  through  his  sin 
He  did  fall  in 
The  pit  he  digg'd  for  t'other." 

THOMAS  CRAGGS. 
West  Cramlington. 

JUDICIAL  COMMITTEE  OF  THE  PRIVY  COUNCIL. 
The  Church  Times  for  Feb.  13,  1864,  p.  52,  col.  2, 
says  that  — 

«  The  Members  of  the  Privy  Council  have  all  a  theore- 
tical right  to  be  present  at'ali  meetings  of  that  body. 
Practically  none  ever  are  present  save  those  who  are  for- 
mally summoned,  nominally  by  the  Lord  President,  but 
actually  by  a  subordinate,  who  can,  without  any  difficulty 
or  any*  apparent  breach  of  propriety,  select  the  judges 
almost  as  he  will.  Therefore,  if  persons  to  be  tried  by  the 
Judicial  Committee  have,"  £c.  &c. 

What  follows  may  be  true,  but  may  be  also 
painfully  libellous,  and  is  therefore  omitted.  It 
will  perhaps  serve  future  history  to  ask,  (1)  What 
is  the  actual  custom  to  which  members  submit  ? 

(2)  What  is  the  title  of  the  summoning  officer  ? 

(3)  To  whom  is  he  responsible  ? 

S.  F.  CRESWELL. 
The  Cathedral  School,  Durham. 

LEADING  APES  IN  HELL.  —  Can  any  of  your 
readers  inform  me  of  the  origin,  or  earliest  men- 
tion of,  a  jocular  superstition  as  to  the  ultimate 
fate  of  ancient  maiden  ladies  ? 

I       We  find  Huncamunca,  on  being  promised  Tom 
Thumb  for  a  husband,  exclaiming  :  — 
"  Oh  !  happy  fate !  henceforth  let  no  one  tell, 
That  Huncamunca  shall  lead  apes  in  hell." 

Again,  in  Love  in  a  Village,  a  girl  sings  :  — 

"  T'were  better  on  earth, 

Have  live  brats  at  a  birth, 
Than  in  hell  be  a  leader  of  apes." 

AVhile,  in  the  Ingoldsby  Legend  of  "  Bloudie 
Jacke  of  Shrewsburie,"  we  are  told  that  "the 
young  Mary  Anne,"  who  afterwards  died  an  old 
maid,  is  not  only  now  a  leader  of  apes,  but  also 
*'•  mends  bachelors'  small  clothes  below." 

I  shall  be  glad  of  any  information  on  this 
subject.  T.  D.  H. 

MOZARABIC  LITURGY. — Can  any  of  your  clerical 
readers  verify  the  statement  made  in  Ford's  Hand- 
Book  of  Spain,  that  many  of  the  collects  of  the 
Mozarabic  Liturgy  have  been  transferred  to  the 
English  Book  of  Common  Prayer  ?  Further,  are 
these  collects  common  to  the  Gallician  and  Moz- 
arabic Liturgies,  or  peculiar  to  the  latter  ?  If  we 
owe  anything  to  the  Moznrabic  Liturgy,  by  what 
channel  has  the  benefit  come  to  us  ? 

FRED.  E.  TOYNE. 

Chapeltown,  Leeds. 


PAGET  AND  MILTON'S  THIRD  WIFE. — What  re- 
lation was  Dr.  Paget  to  Milton's  third  wife  Eliza- 
beth Minshull?  He  is  often  quoted  as  the  friend  of 
both,  and  cousin  to  Mrs.  Milton.  In  the  Rev.  John 
Booker's  work  on  the  Ancient  Chapel  of  Blachley 
in  Manchester  Parish,  p.  66,  after  stating  that  the 
family  of  Paget  are  descended  from  the  Pagets  of 
Rothley,  in  the  county  of  Leicester,  where  one  of 
its  members  was  vicar  in  1564,  he  goes  on  to  say, 
that  Mr.  Paget  was  appointed  minister  of  Black- 
ley  about  1600;  he  afterwards  became  rector  of 
Stockport,  and  died  in  1660.  By  his  will  dated 
May  23,  1650,  he  leaves  his  property  to  his  two 
sons — Nathan,  a  physician  ;  and  Thomas,  in  Holy 
Orders.  He  alludes  also  to  his  three  daughters 
Dorothy,  Elizabeth,  and  Mary,  and  entreats  his 
cousin  Minshull,  apothecary  of  Manchester,  to  be 
supervisor  of  his  will.  Dr.  Nathan  Paget  was  an 
intimate  friend  of  Milton,  and  cousin  to  the  poet's 
third  wife,  Elizabeth  Minshull.  By  will  dated 
January  7,  1678,  he  leaves  bequests  to  his  cousin 
John  Goldsmith,  of  the  Middle  Temple,  gentle- 
man, and  his  cousin  Elizabeth  Milton. 

The  mother  of  Minshull,  the  apothecary,  was 
Ellen  Goldsmith,  daughter  of  Richard  Goldsmith 
of  Nantwich,  and  this  Thomas  Minshull  was  uncle 
to  Mrs.  Milton. 

I  shall  esteem  it  a  favour  if  any  of  the  readers 
of  "  N.  &  Q."  can  give  me  the  connecting  link 
between  the  families  of  Paget  and  Minshull.  I 
have  two  hundred  pedigrees  of  the  Minshull 
family  by  me,  together  with  the  families  they  are 
allied  to,  but  can  only  find  the  following  concern- 
ing them,. which  I  extracted  from  Warmincham 
registry  in  Cheshire  :  — 

"Buried,  Oct.  8,  1586,  Margaret  Minshull,  alias  Paget; 
Married  Oct.  28,  1593,  Rondle  Minshull  to  Jane  Paget." 
JOHN  B.  MINSHULL. 

21,  Beaumont  Square. 

PASSAGE  IN  "  TOM  JONES."  —  The  meaning  of 
the  following  passage  is  perhaps  apparent  on  the 
face  of  it ;  but  can  any  of  your  readers  throw 
light  upon  the  particular  "  wondrous  wit  of  the 
place,"  to  which  it  alludes  ?  — 

«*  Or  as  when  two  gentlemen,  strangers  to  the  won- 
drous wit  of  the  place,  are  cracking  a  bottle  together  at 
some  inn  or  tavern  at  Salisbury,  if  the  great  Dowdy,  who 
acts  the  part  of  a  madman  as  well  as  some  of  his  setters- 
on  do  that  of  a  fool,  should  rattle  his  chains,  and  dread- 
fully hum  forth  the  grumbling  catch  along  the  gallery: 
the"  frightened  strangers  stand  aghast,  scared  at  the 
horrid  sound,  they  seek  some  place  of  shelter  from  the 
approaching  danger ;  and  if  the  well-barred  windows  did 
admit  their  exit,  would  venture  their  necks  to  escape  the 
threatening  fury  now  coming  upon  them."  —  Tom  Jones, 

J.  S. 

PRIVATE  PRAYERS  FOR  THE  LAITY.  —  In  a  re- 
cent notice  of  a  popular  book  of  family  devotions, 
objection  Avas  raised  to  all  such  works,  on  the 


194 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3«  S.  V.  MAR.  5,  '64. 


ground  that  the  Church  has  provided  an  autho- 
rised form  for  Christian  families.  I  do  not  see 
how  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer  can  be  meant ; 
and  I  wish  to  be  informed,  what  forms  of  prayer 
for  families  and  private  individuals  have  been 
set  forth  by  authority.  Some  such  prayers  were 
formerly  appended  to  the  Common  Prayer  Book, 
but  are  now  omitted ;  and  were,  therefore,  ap- 
parently not  "  authorised."  B.  H.  C. 

QUAKERS'  YARDS.— I  am  collecting,  during 
leisure  hours,  all  information  I  can  get,  as  to 
number,  site,  and  history  of  old  chapels  and 
churches  now  extinct,  in  Carmarthenshire  and 
Cardiganshire.  Also,  of  old  extinct  buryiiig- 
grounds,  amongst  which  there  is  a  considerable 
number  of  "  Quakers'  Yards.1' 

Query.  Can  any  one  of  your  readers  refer  me 
to  any  work,  either  historical  or  biographical,  &c., 
that  can  throw  any  light  on  the  Quakers'  Yards, 
or  the  Quakers'  era  in  Wales  ?  LLWYD. 

RUNDALE  TENURE. — Can  any  of  the  readers  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  explain  the  origin  of  the  term  "  Run- 
dale,"  as  applied  to  the  tenure  of  land  in  the  north 
of  Ireland  ?  "  Rundale  tenure  "  is  thus  described 
in  the  Report  of  the  Irish  Society,  1836  :  — 

"  Rundale,  which  is  a  most  mischievous  way  of  occupy- 
ing land,  was,  till  of  late  years,  the  common  practice  of 
the  north  of  Ireland.  It  is  thus,  three  or  four  persons 
become  tenants  to  a  farm,  holding  it  jointly,  on  which 
there  is  land  of  different  qualities  and  value's ;  they  di- 
vide it  into  fields,  and  then  divide  each  field  into  as 
many  shares  as  there  are  tenants,  which  they  occupy 
without  division  or  fence,  being  marked  in  parcels  by 
stones  or  other  land-marks;  which  each  occupies  with 
such  crops  as  his  necessities,  or  means  of  procuring  manure 
enable  him.  So  that  there  are,  at  the  same  time,  several 
kinds  of  crops  in  one  field." 

J.  S.  R. 

SIMON  AND  THE  DAUPHIN.  —  Can  any  one  con- 
versant with  the  obscure  personages  of  the  French 
Revolution,  answer  the  following  Queries  relat- 


Mr.  Hannay,  the  editor  of  these  poems,  here 
adduces  a  passage,  which  he  says  is  from  "  an  old 
English  tale  " :  — 

"  The  verie  essence  and,  as  it  were,  springeheade  and 
origine  of  all  musicke,  is  the  verie  pleasaunte  sounde 
which  the  trees  of  the  forest  do  make  when  they  growe." 

The  same  fanciful  idea  of  this  sound  is  intro- 
duced in  the  Nodes  Ambrosiance,  No.  LXX.  The 
Shepherd  saying :  — 

"  My  ears,  in  comparison  with  what  they  were  when  I 

was  a  mere  child,  are  as  if  they  were  stuffed  wi'  cotton 

then  they  cou'd  hear  the  gerss  growin'  by  moonlight 

or  a  drap  o'  dew  slipping  awa'  into  nothing  frae  the 
primrose  leaf." 

To  this  note  I  would  append  a  query,  for  the 
name  of  the  book  from  which  Mr.  Hannay 
quotes  ?  E.  J.  NORMAN. 

TAFFY,  PADDY,  AND  SANDY. — We  all  know 
that  Taffy  is  the  ideal  of  a  Welshman,  and  that 
the  word  is  a  corruption  of  the  name  of  David, 
the  famous  bishop  and  saint.  Paddy  is  generally 
believed  to  be  a  variation  of  Patrick,  or  Pat ;  but 
the  writer  of  the  article  "Pallade,"  in  Didot's 
Nouvelle  Biographic  Generate,  says,  Paddy  is  from 
St.  Palladius,  the  precursor  of  St.  Patrick.  This 
author  writes  the  word  "  Padie."  Is  he  right  ? 
Sandy  is,  of  course,  the  universal  Scotchman  — 
properly  designated  Alexander.  But  what  Alex- 
ander—bishop or  king  ?  My  notion  is,  that  it  is 
one  of  the  kings.  Am  I  right  ?  B.  H.  C. 

WADHAM  ISLANDS. — Are  there  any  records  to 
tell  at  what  time,  or  by  whom,  this  small  cluster 
of  islands,  near  Newfoundland,  latitude  49°  5V. 
and  longitude  53°  37',  were  named  ? 

Were  these  islands  discovered  and  named  by 
any  of  the  gentry  by  the  name  of  Wadham,  who 
embarked  with  Sebastian  Cabot,  when  he  dis- 
covered Newfoundland  ? 

Or,    were    they   discovered    in    1583    by    Sir 


Devolution,  answer  the  following  Queries  relat-  i  TT      '          e  .?   aiscovered    m    1583    by    Su- 
ing to  the  shoemaker  into  whose  keeping  the  i    iumPnry   Gilbert   when  he   went  to  take  pos- 


young  Dauphin  was  consigned  ?  The  late  Mr. 
Croker  might  have  answered  them,  and  I  suppose 
M.  Louis  Blanc  could  do  so.  1.  What  was  the 
Christian  name  of  Simon  ?  2.  Had  he  any  chil- 
dren ;  and,  if  so,  what  were  their  names?  3. 
Where  did  Simon  die  ?  And  is  anything  known 
about  his  descendants  ?  HISTORICUS. 

"  THE  SOUND  OF  THE  GRASS  GROWING,"  ETC. 

The  following  lines  occur  in  Al  Aaraaf 
byE.  A.Poe:  — 

"  The  sound  of  the  rain, 

Which  leaps  down  to  the  flower, 
And  dances  again 


session  of  the  newly  discovered  territory  in  North 
America,  by  authority  of  the  crown  of  England  ? 
Harris  &  Kerr,  in  their  Histories  of  Voyages 
and  Discoveries,  say,  that  Sir  Humphry  was  aided 
by  the  gentry  of  Devonshire  and  neighbouring 
counties  in  fitting  out  his  ships;  and  we  find, 
moreover,  that  gentlemen  by  the  name  of  the 
Courtneys  and  Cliffords,  who,  by  marriage,  were 
allied  to  the  family  of  Wadham,  accompanied  him 
in  his  voyages.  ILMINSTER. 

"Wrr    WITHOUT    MONEY,"    a    comedy    (with 
amendments  and  alterations  by  some  persons  of 
4to.     No  date ;  acted  at  the  Haymarket. 


From  the  growing  of  grass:  _ 
Are  the  music  of  things 
But  are  modell  d,  alas  ! 


WOLFE,    GARDENER    TO    HENRY    VIII.  —  A 
French  priest,  one  Wolfe,  gardener  to  Hen.  VIIL, 


3'dS.  V.  MAR.  5,  J64.  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


195 


la  said  to  have  introduced  the  apricot  into  Eng- 
land. (Siog.  Brit.  2462  n.)  His  Christian  name 
and  the  time  at  which  he  flourished  are  desired. 
The  late  Mr.  John  Cole  (Hist,  and  Antiquities  of 
Wellingborough,  195),  says:  "The  apricot  tree 
was  first  brought  to  England  from  Italy  in  the 
year  1524  by  Woolf,  gardener  of  Henry  the 
Eighth."  I  cannot  discover  his  authority  for  this 
date.  S.  Y.  R. 

WILUAM  WOOD,  author  of  A  Survey  of  Trade, 
in  Four  Parts,  with  Considerations  on  Money  and 
Bullion^  London,  8vo,  1718,  afterwards  became 
secretary  to  the  Commissioners  of  Customs.  Par- 
ticulars respecting  him  are  much  desired.* 

S.  Y.  R. 

THOMAS  YORKE.  —  In  Campbell's  Lives  of  the 
Lord  Chancellors,  vol.  v.  p.  2,  Thomas  Yorke  is 
said  to  have  been  thrice  High  Sheriff  of  Wiltshire 
in  the  time  of  Henry  VIII.  What  relation  was 
the  sheriff  to  Simon  Yorke,  ancestor  of  the  Earl 
of  Hardwicke  ?  CARILFORD. 

Cape  Town. 


SIR  THOMAS  SCOTT.  —  Will  any  Kentish  genea- 
logist give  any  particulars  of  the  family  of  Sir 
Thomas  Scott,  of  Scott's  Hall,  in  that  county  ? 
He  was  appointed  by  Queen  Elizabeth  to  com- 
mand the  Kentish  force  against  the  projected 
Armada,  in  1588.  The  following  verse  from  an 
old  ballad,  describing  the  different  events  of  his 
life,  is  appended  to  an  etching  portrait  of  Sir 
Thomas  Scott;  and  it  is  desired  to  obtain  the 
rest  of  the  poem  :  — 

"  His  Men  and  Tenants  wailed  the  deye  ; 

His  kinn  and  cuntrie  cried  ! 
Both  younge  and  old  in  Kent  may  saye, 
Woe  woorth  the  daye  he  died." 

Of  the  same  family  was  Reginald  Scott,  of 
Smeeth,  author  of  the  Discovery  of  Witchcraft, 
printed  1534  ;  who  is  supposed  to  be  the  author 
of  the  ballad.  It  was  said  the  ballad  was  printed 
in  Peck's  Collection  of  Historical  Discourses,  but 
it  is  not  to  be  found  in  that  work.  T.  S. 

[Sir  Thomas  Scott,  Knt.,  of  Scott's  Hall  in  Kent,  was 
sheriff  of  that  county  in  the  18th  Queen  Elizabeth,  and 
in  the  13th  and  28th,  knight  of  the  shire  in  parliament.  In 
the  memorable  year  of  the  Spanish  Armada,  anno  1588, 
he  was  appointed  commander-in-chief  of  the  Kentish 
forces  to  oppose  that  formidable  invasion.  The  day  after 
he  received  the  letters  from  the  Council,  so  much  was  he 
beloved  in  the  county,  that  he  was  enabled  to  collect  and 
send  to  Dover  4,000  armed  men.  He  was  celebrated  for 
his  liberal  housekeeping,  providing  tables  daily  for  about 

[*  Wm.  Wood  died  on  March  25,  1765,  aged  eighty- 
six.  —  Gent.  M(ig.,  xxxv.  147  ;  and  "  N.  &  Q.,»  2«<*  S. 
vin.  188  __  ED.] 


100  persons  for  thirty-eight  years  at  Scott's  Hall.  No 
man's  death  could  be  more  lamented,  or  memory  more 
beloved.  He  died  on  the  30th  December,  1594,  and  was 
buried  with  his  ancestors  in  Braborne  church.  In  Thorpe's 
Catalogue  of  1847,  art.  2504,  there  appears  an  Epitaph  on 
Sir  Thomas  Scott,  printed  on  a  folio  leaf,  which  has  been 
reprinted  by  Francis  Peck  in  A  Collection  of  Curious 
Historical  Pieces,  4to,  1740,  No.  V.,  at  the  end  of  his 
Memoirs  of  Oliver  Cromwell.  This  ballad  consists  of  seven- 
teen verses,  with  annotations,  and  is  too  long  for  quota- 
tion. Reginald  Scott,  the  author  of  that  remarkable 
work  The  Discovery  of  Witchcraft,  4to,  1584,  was  Sir 
Thomas's  half-brother.  Vide  Hasted's  Kent,  iii.  292,  and 
for  other  notices  of  Sir  Thomas,  the  Calendar  of  State 
Papers,  Domestic,  1547—1580.] 

SORTES  VIRGILIABMJ.  —  What  is  the  origin  of 
Sortes  Virgiliance,  and  are  there  any  other  in- 
stances of  the  tradition  besides  the  well-known 
one  relating  to  Charles  I.  Of  this,  by-the-way, 
there  are  two  very  different  accounts — by  the  one 
of  which  it  is  the  future  Charles  II.,  who,  in  com- 
pany with  the  poet  Cowley,  makes  trial  of  the 
"Virgilian  Oracles"  at  Paris  in  1648;  while,  by 
the  other,  Charles  I.  himself  consults  a  Virgil  in 
the  Bodleian  Library  at  Oxford,  when  Lord  Falk- 
land, who  was  with  him,  is  said  to  have  found  an 
equally  startling  prophecy  of  his  own  fate  in  the 
lines  where  Evander  laments  the  death  of  his  son 
Pallas.  The  tradition  is  a  very  curious  one,  and 
I  shall  be  glad  to  have  any  information  on  the  sub- 
ject. W.  G.  R. 

[Bibliomancy,  or  Divination  by  Books,  was  known  to 
the  ancients  under  the  appellation  of  Sortes  Homerica, 
and  Sortes  Virgilianae.  The  practice  was,  to  take  up  the 
works  of  Homer  and  Virgil,  and  to  consider  the  first 
verse  that  presented  itself  as  a  prognostication  of  future 
events.  Thus  Severus  entertained  ominous  hopes  of  the 
empire  from  that  verse  in  Virgil — "  Tu  regere  imperio 
populos,  Romane,  memento;"  and  Gordianus,  who  reigned 
but  few  days,  was  discouraged  by  another,  that  is,  "  Os- 
tendunt  terris  hunc  tantum  fata,  nee  ultra  esse  sinunt." 
From  paganism,  this  mode  of  penetrating  into  futurity, 
was  introduced  into  Christianity  in  the  fourth  century, 
under  the  name  of  Sortes  Sanctorum ;  and  the  Christians 
consulted  the  Bible  for  the  same  purpose.  Whatever 
text  presented  itself,  on  dipping  into  the  Old  or  New 
Testament,  was  deemed  to  be  the  answer  of  God  himself. 
The  practice,  however,  was  laudably  condemned  by  several 
councils.  Consult  Gataker,  Of  the  Nature  and  Use  of 
Lots,  1616 ;  an  able  article  on  Bibliomancy  in  the  Ency- 
clopcedia  Metropolitan,  xv.  540;  Fosbroke's  Encyclope- 
dia of  Antiquities,  4to,  edit.  1825,  i.  326 ;  and  Sir  Thomas 
Browne's  Works,  by  Wilkin,  edit  1852,  ii.  97.  In  a  note 
of  the  latter  is  Welwood's  account  of  the  Sortes  Virgilianae, 
as  tried  by  Charles  I.  and  Lord  Falkland  at  Oxford.] 

GREEK  EPIGRAM.  —  It  is  a  pretty  Greek  epi- 
gram which  says  to  the  new-born  babe,  "  You 
wept  while  we  all  smiled  about  your  cradle ;  so 


196 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3*d  S.  V.  MAR.  5,  '64. 


live  as  to  smile  upon  your  death-bed  when  others 
are  weeping."    Whence  is  this  taken  ?    ESLIGH. 

[The  epigram,  respecting  which  our  correspondent 
inquires,  will  be  found  in  an  English  form  at  p.  214  of  the 
SabriruB  Corolla  (ed.  altera,  1859),  where  it  is  attributed 
to  Sir  W.  Jones,  and  runs  thus :  — 

"  INFANCY. 

"  On  parent  knees,  a  naked  new-born  child, 
Weeping  thou  satst,  while  all  around  thee  smiled : 
So  live,  that  sinking  to  thy  life's  last  sleep, 
Calm  thou  mayst  smile,  while  all  around  thee  weep." 
On  the  opposite  page  is  a  Latin  translation,  with  a 

Greek  heading :  -— 


"  Parvulus  in  gremio  matris,  modo  natus  inopsque, 

Tu  lacrimas,  at  sunt  omnia  laeta  tuis. 
Sic  vivas,  puer,  ut,  plaeida  cum  morte  recumbas, 
Omnia  laeta  tibi  sint,  lacrimseque  tuis." 

To  these  Latin  lines  are  appended  the  initials  "  T.  W.  P.," 
which  stand,  as  we  are  informed,  for  T.  W.  Peile,  editor 
of  the  Choephora  (1840). 

We  have  never  met  with  this  epigram  in  a  Greek  form  ; 
but  if  any  such  exists,  we  should  be  very  glad  to  see  it ; 
and  so,  no  doubt,  would  many  of  our  readers.] 

BLAIR'S  "  GRAVE."  —  To  the  earlier  editions  of 
this  poem  —  a  slender  pamphlet  in  a  coloured 
wrapper — is  prefixed  a  frontispiece ;  circular,  I 
think,  in  shape,  and  representing  a  schoolboy 
"whistling  aloud  to  keep  his  courage  up,"  as, 
satchel  on  back,  he  walks  with  fearful  aspect 
through  a  graveyard  by  moonlight.  The  portal 
of  the  church  appears  on  one  side ;  on  the  other, 
in  the  distance,  a  pyramidal  monument  is  seen, 
and  gravestones  are  scattered  about.  In  the  more 
modern  editions,  I  have  seen  the  same  design  re- 
produced, but  without  the  name  of  the  artist. 
This,  possessing  the  original  drawing,  which  is  in 
the  style  and  of  the  period  of  Corbould,  I  am  de- 
sirous to  learn ;  and  should  be  obliged  if  anyone 
who  may  possess  the  book  would  kindly  refer  to 
it,  and  afford  me  the  information. 

WILLIAM  BATES. 
Edgbaston. 

[No  frontispiece  to  Blair's  Grave  is'to  be  found  in  the 
editions  of  1743,  1749,  1753,  1756,  or  1761.  In  that  of 
1782,  12mo,  is  a  circular  one  by  «  Barron,  del4,  Macky, 
sculp*,"  a  day-light  scene,  as  two  grave-diggers  are  at 
work;  a  girl  is  reading  a  book,  with  her  .arms  resting  on 
a  tomb ;  and  a  boy  with  satchel  on  back.  There  stands 
the  church,  but  no  pyramidal  monument  is  to  be  seen.] 

BISHOP  RICHARD  BARNES.  —  Godwin,  in  his 
Catalogue  of  English  Bishops,  asserts  that  Richard 
Barnes,  Bishop  of  Nottingham,  was  "  suffragan 
unto  the  Archbishop  of  York"  In  another  list 
in  my  possession,  he  is  said  to  be  suffragan  bishop 
to  ^the  Bishop  of  Lincoln.  Which  is  correct? 
Neither  Richardson  nor  Le  Neve  throw  any  light 
on  this.  He  was  consecrated  suffragan  March  9, 


1566 ;  and  was  afterwards  Bishop  of  Carlisle  and 
Durham.  W.  H.  BURNS. 

[In  Wharton's  list  of  the  Suffragan  Bishops  in  England, 
copied  from  the  original  manuscripts  in  the  Lambeth 
library,  Richard  Barnes  appears  as  suffragan  to  the  Arch- 
bishop of  York.  Nottingham  being  in  the  diocese  of 
Lincoln  may  account  for  the  error.  The  date  of  his 
creation  as  suffragan  of  Nottingham,  given  in  Le  Neve's 
Fasti,  edited  by  T.  Duffus  Hardy,  edit.  1854,  vol.  iii. 
p.  241,  is  "4th  Jan.  1567;  Pat.  9  Eliz.,  p.  11,  m.  33."  In 
the  list  printed  by  the  Rev.  MACKENZIE  WALCOTT 
("N.  &  Q,"  2nd  S.  ii.  3),  the  date  of  Richard  Barnes's 
consecration  at  York  is  April  5, 1567.] 

MAP  or  ROMAN  BRITAIN.  —  Is  there  any  map 
or  atlas  which  aims  to  show  all  the  Roman  settle- 
ments (camps  and  stations)  in  Britain,  with  or 
without  the  ancient  names  ?  If  not,  is  there  any 
map  which  exhibits  existing  traces  of  Roman  oc- 
cupation with  anything  like  minuteness  of  detail  ? 
In  any  case,  which  is  the  best  map  for  an  inquiry 
in  this  direction  ?  B.  H.  C, 

[The  following  maps  may  assist  our  correspondent  in 
his  inquiries :  1.  "  An  Historical  Map  of  Anglo-  Saxon  and 
Roman  Britain,  by  the  late  G.  L.  B.  Freeman,  Esq.  o  f 
Caius  College,  Cambridge,  published  by  James  Wyld, 
Charing  Cross  East,  1838."  It  contains  the  ancient  and 
modern  names  of  the  Roman  Stations  and  Colonies,  as 
well  as  the  boundaries  of  the  Roman  Provinces.  2.  Bri- 
tannia Romana,  by  W.  Hughes,  F.R.G.S.  of  Aldine  Cham- 
bers, Paternoster  Row,  1848.  This  map  contains  the 
stations  mentioned  in  the  Antonine  Itinerary,  as  well  as 
the  Notitia.  The  ancient  names  are  quoted  from  Ptolemy. 
Caesar,  Pliny,  Tacitus,  Ammianus,  the  Anonymous  Geo- 
grapher of  Ravenna,  &c. ;  and  the  modern  names  are 
throughout  in  smaller  characters.] 

'  THE  HOWLAT." — Can  you  inform  me  where 
Sir  John  [Richard-?]  Holland's  poem  of  The 
Howlat  is  to  be  met  with  ?  In  Scott's  Abbot,  one 
of  the  characters  quotes  from  it  the  well-known 
lines  :  — 

"  O  Douglas,  Douglas, 
Tender  and  true." 

I  have  never  come  across  it  in  any  collection  of 
old  ballads.  ORIELENSIS. 

["The  Howlat"  was  first  printed  in  the  Appendix 
subjoined  to  Pinkerton's  Collection  of  Scotish  Poems,  iii. 
146,  edit.  1792.  It  has  since  been  reprinted  and  ably 
edited  by  Mr.  David  Laing  for  the  Bannatyne  Club,  4to, 
1823.] 

BAAL  WORSHIP. — I  shall  be  obliged  to  any  of 
your  readers  who  will  inform  me  of  any  book 
which  treats  fully  of  the  worship  of  Baal,  and  of 
the  other  gods  of  Syria  and  the  East. 

ERGATES. 

[We  know  of  no  work  exclusively  relating  to  the 
worship  of  Baal ;  but  would  recommend  our  correspon  - 
dent  to  consult  Sir  Henry  Rawlinson's  Essay  on  the  Re- 
ligion of  the  Babylonians  and  Assyrians  (Geo.  Rawlinsou's 


3'd  S.  V.  MAR.  5,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


197 


Herodotus,  i.  584);  Professor  Max  Mtiller's  Essay  on 
Semitic  Monotheism  ;  and  Jacob  Bryant's  Analysis  of 
Antient  Mythology,  passim.  For  further  information  on 
Baal,  see  a  list  of  works  referred  to  at  the  end  of  the 
article  BAAL  in  the  Penny  Cyclop&dia,  iii.  221.1 

"  NULLUM    TETIGIT    QUOD    NON    ORNAVIT." 111 

the  debate  on  the  Address  ray  Lord  Derby  is  re- 
ported to  have  said  of  our  Foreign  Secretary, 
"Nihil  intactum  reliquit,  nihil  tetigit  quod  non 
[I  must  alter  the  word]  conturbavit." 

Is  this  very  passage  to  be  met  with  in  any  an- 
cient author,  or  is  it  merely  an  adaptation  from 
Goldsmith's  Epitaph  in  the  Abbey  ?  — 

«Qui  nullum  fere  scribendi  genus  non  tetigit,  nullum 
tetigit  quod  non  ornavit." 

D. 

[This  has  not,  we  believe,  been  traced  to  any  classical 
source.  Mr.  Croker,  hi  his  edition  of  Boswell,  has  a  note 
on  it  to  the  effect,  that  the  phrase  quoted  resembles  Fene- 
lon's  eulogy  on  Cicero  —  "He  adorns  whatever  he  at- 
tempts." Consult  also  Forster's  Life  of  Oliver  Goldsmith, 
ed.  1854,  ii.  472.] 

GORMOGON  MEDAL.  —  What  is  the  medal  I  de- 
scribe below.  Ob.  "c  .  o.  .  KU  .  PO  .  OECUM  .  VOLG  . 
ORD  .  GORMOGO."  Round  a  draped  bust  of  a 
Chinese,  "  EX  .  AN  .  REG  .  xxxix."  Rev.  "  UNI- 

VERSUS    .    SPLENDOR,     TJNIVERSA    .    BENEVOLENTIA," 

round  a  full-faced  sun  with  rays.  The  medal  is 
surmounted  with  a  dragon.  W.  Z. 

[It  is  one  of  the  medals  worn  by  the  Society^of  the  Gor- 
mogons,  a  species  of  rivals  of  the  Freemasons,  who  are 
mentioned  by  Pope  in  The  Dunciad;  laughed  at  by 
Harry  Carey  in  his  Poems  (1729) ;  and  caricatured  by 
Hogarth  in  the  plate  entitled  "  The  Mystery  of  Masonry 
brought  to  Light  by  the  Gormogons."  See  Nichols's 
Hogarth,  ed.  1782,  p.  334.] 


HINDU  GODS. 
(3rd  S.  v.  135.) 

MR.  DAVIDSON  will  find  much  information  upon 
this  subject  in  the  History  of  India  (Murray, 
1857,  fourth  edition)  by  the  late  Hon.  Mount- 
stuart  Elphinstone,  formerly  Governor  of  Bombay, 
with  whom  I  had  the  honour  to  be  acquainted,, 
and  whose  name  and  work  I  quote  with  profound 
respect  and  admiration. 

The  devotion  of  the  Hindus  — 

"  is  directed  to  a  variety  of  gods  and  goddesses,  of 
whom  it  is  impossible  to  fix  the  number.  Some  accounts, 
with  the  usual  Hindu  extravagance,  make  the  deities 

imount  to  330,000,000,  but  most  of  these  are  ministering 
angels  in  the  different  heavens,  or  other  spirits  who  have 
no  individual  name  or  character,  and  who  are  counted  by 

ie  million.  The  following  seventeen,  however,  are  the 
ncipal  ones,  and,  perhaps,  the  only  ones  universally 

ecogmsed  as  exercising  distinct  and  divine  functions, 


and  therefore  entitled  to  worship :— 1.  Brahma,  the  cre- 
ating principle ;  2.  Vishnu,  the  preserving  principle ;  3. 
Siva,  the  destroj'ing  principle;  with  their  corresponding 
female  divinities,  who  are  mythologically  regarded  as 
their  wives,  but,  metaphysically,  as  the  active  powers 
which  develops  the  principle  represented  by  each  member 
of  the  triad;  namely,— 4.  Sereswati.  5.  LakshmL  6. 
Parvati,  called  also  Devi,  Bhavani,  or  Durga.  7.  Indra, 
god  of  the  air  and  of  the  heavens.  8.  Varuna,  god  of  the 
waters.  9.  Pavana,  god  of  the  wind.  10.  Agni,  god  of  fire. 
11.  Yama,  god  of  the  infernal  regions  and  judge  of  the 
dead.  12.  Cuve'ra,  god  of  wealth.  13.  Cartikeia,  god  of 
war.  14.  Cama,  god  of  love.  15.  Surya,  the  sun.  16. 
Soma,  the  moon.  17.  Gune'sa,  who  is*  the  remover  of 
difficulties,  and,  as  such,  presides  over  the  entrances  to  all 
edifices,  and  is  invoked  at  the  commencement  of  all  un- 
dertakings. To  these  may  be  added  the  planets,  and 
many  sacred  rivers,  especially  Ganges,  which  is  personi- 
fied as  a  female  divinity,  ami  honoured  with  every  sort 
of  worship  and  reverence.  The  three  first  of  these'gods, 
Brahma,  Vishnu,  and  Siva,  form  the  celebrated  Hindu 
triad." 

Brahma  is  usually  represented  as  a  red  or 
golden-coloured  figure,  with  four  heads.  He  has 
likewise  four  arms,  in  one  of  which  he  holds  a 
spoon,  in  the  second  a  string  of  beads,  in  the  third 
a  water  jug,  and  in  the  fourth"  the  Veda,  or 
sacred  writings  of  the  Hindus  ;  and  he  is  fre- 
quently attended  by  his  vehicle,  the  goose  or 
swan.  Durga,  or  Doorga,  is  represented  with 
ten  arms.  In  one  hand  she  holds  a  spear,  with 
which  she  is  piercing  the  giant  Muhisha ;  in  the 
other  a  sword ;  in  a  third  the  hair  of  the  giant, 
and  the  tail  of  the  serpent  turned  round  him ;  and 
in  the  others,  the  trident,  discus,  axe,  club,  and 
shield. 

The  usual  pictures  of  Siva  represent  him  as 
gloomy,  "  with  the  addition  that  he  has  three  eyes, 
and  bears  a  trident  in  one  of  his  hands ;  his  hair 
is  coiled  up  like  that  of  a  religious  mendicant ; 
and  he  is  represented  seated  in  an  attitude  of  pro- 
found thought."  A  low  cylinder  of*  stone  occu- 
pies the  place  of  an  image  in  all  the  temples  sacred 
to  Siva.  Devi  or  Bhavani  "  is  a  beautiful  woman, 
riding  on  a  tiger,  but  in  fierce  and  menacing  atti- 
tude .  .  .  But  in  another  form  .  .  .  she  is  repre- 
sented with  a  black  skin,  and  a  hideous  and  terrible 
countenance,  streaming  with  blood,  encircled  with 
snakes,  hung  round  with  skulls  and  human  heads." 
Vishnu  is  represented  as  a  comely  and  placid 
young  man,  of  a  dark  azure  colour,  and  dressed 
like  a  king  of  ancient  days.  He  is  painted  also 
in  the  forms  of  his  ten  principal  incarnations. 
The  first  was  that  of  a  fish,  to  recover  the  Vedas, 
which  had  been  carried  away  by  a  demon  in  a 
deluge  ;  another  was  that  of  a  boar,  who  raised 
on  his  tusks  the  world,  which  had  sunk  to  the 
bottom  of  the  ocean  ;  and  another  was  a  tortoise, 
that  supported  a  mountain.  The  fourth  was  in 
the  shape  of  a  man,  with  the  head  and  paws  of  a 
lion.  The  fifth  a  Bramin  dwarf.  The  sixth  was 
Paris  Ham,  a  Bramin  hero.  The  seventh  was 
Rama.  The  eighth  was  Balla  Rama,  a  hero  who 


198 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3*d  S.  V.  MAR.  5,  '64. 


delivered  the  earth  from  giants.  The  ninth  was 
Budha,  a  teacher  of  false  religion,  whose  form 
Vishnu  assumed  for  the  purpose  of  deluding  the 
enemies  of  the  gods.  The  tenth  is  still  to  come. 
Rfima  is  represented  in  his  natural  form.  Can- 
doba,  the  great  local  divinity  of  the  Marattas,  is 
an  incarnation  of  Siva,  and  is  represented  as  an 
armed  horseman.  Surya  is  represented  in  a 
chariot  with  his  head  surrounded  by  rays.  Ganesa, 
Gunesa,  or  Ganpatti,  is  a  figure  of  a  fat  man,  with 
an  elephant's  head.  There  are  numerous  local 
divinities,  or  village  gods,  who  bear  some  re- 
semblance to  the  penates  or  lares  of  the  Romans. 
A  regard  for  space  compels  me  to  condense 
Mr.  Elphinstone's  description  of  the  Hindu  gods, 
but  perhaps  I  have  quoted  enough  to  lead  MR. 
DAVIDSON  to  peruse  the  History  of  India.  I  shall 
be  happy  to  lend  him  my  copy,  if  he  will  instruct 
me  (5,  Charles  Square,  N.)  how  to  forward  it  to 
him.  I  refer  him  also  to  Coleman's  Hindoo  My- 
thology^ in  which  he  will  probably  find  all  that  he 
requires.  Ogilvie's  Imperial  Dictionary  contains 
engravings  of  some  of  the  gods  above  named. 

EDWARD  J.  WOOD. 

Wilson's  translation  of  Vikramorvasi  (Hindu 
Theatre,  i.  219)  ;  Moor's  Hindu  Pantheon ;  Cole- 
man's Mythology  of  the  Hindus,  and  Rhode  Ueber 
Religiose  Sliding,  Mythologie  und  Philosophic  der 
Hindus,  will  supply  the  information  desired  by 
MR.  DAVIDSON.  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 


CHARACTERS  IN  THE  «  ROLLIAD." 
(2nd  S.x.  45.) 

The  following  are  all  the  answers  I  can  return 
to  FITZHOPKINS'S  queries  :  — 

1.  Lord  Mornington  was  the  father  of  the 
Marquess  Wellesley,  Duke  of  Wellington,  Lord 
Cowley,  &c.  He  was  meant  by  Achilles.  Lord 
Graham  was  the  eldest  son  of  the  Duke  of  Mon- 
trose,  Marquess  of  Graham.  He  was  Atrides.  A 
7™'  MorninSton»  lively  and  gay.  (Lodge's 


9.  Willis,  the  mad  doctor,  I  suppose;  though 
he  was  not  a  Member  of  Parliament.  How  "  com- 
fortably calm"  is  probably  an  extract  from  one 
of  his  bulletins  of  the  king's  health,  if  this  does 
not  involve  an  anachronism. 

11.  Bastard  (John  Pollexfen),  M.P.  for  Devon 

He  was  one  *  of  the  meeting  at  the  St.  Alban's 

Tavern  in  1784,  and  was  angry  with  Pitt  because 

he  would  not  unite  with  Fox,  except  upon  his 

own  terms.     Otherwise,  the  whole  family  were 

j""?>  (n    n,0t  extinct)>  Tories.     His  son,  Ed- 

nind  Ppllexfen,  B.,  sat  many  years  for  Devon 


12.  Fauconberg  (Belasyze)  an  ancient  peerage. 
Became  extinct  in  1815.     I  know  nothing  more. 
(Collins's  Peerage.) 

13.  Le  Mesurier.    No  doubt  one  of  the  Jersey 
family. 

"  And  thou  of  name  uncouth  to  British  ear, 
From  Gorman  smugglers  sprung,  Le  Mesurier." 

Rolliad. 

A  good  deal  of  smuggling  used  to  be  carried  on 
between  France  and  England  through  the  Channel 
Islands.  Probably  the  illicit  traffic  is  not  yet 
extinct. 

14.  Lord  Westcote.    An  Irish  title  of  Lord 
Lyttelton,   assumed  by  his  eldest  son.     (Lodge, 
1864.) 

15.  Wilbraham  Bootle.      Some  connection  of 
the  Bootle  Wilbrahams,  Lords  Skelmersdale,  of 
large  property  in  Cheshire.     I  do  not  understand 
the  allusion.     (Lodge,  1864.) 

16.  Lord  Bayham.    Eldest  son  of  Earl  Camden 
(now  Marquess  Camden  and  Earl  of  Brecknock), 
Bayham  Abbey,  Sussex.     I  know  nothing  more. 

20.  Lord  Winchelsea   (Finch).      The    Finch 
family   are,   or   at  least    were,   very   dark-com- 
plexioned.    Sir  C.   H.  Williams,   in   one  of  his 
political  odes  (1 742)  speaks  of  the  "  black  fune- 
real Finches."    (New  Foundling  Hospital  for  Wit, 
vol.  iii.  p.  12,  1784.)     No  doubt  there  are  por- 
traits  of  Lord  Winchelsea  extant.     The  family 
have  added  the  name  of  Hatton  to  Finch. 

21.  Lord  Sydney.  (Hon.  Thomas  Townshend.) 
A  member  of  the  Whig  opposition  to  Lord  North. 
Joined  Pitt's  Administration.      His  chin  would 
have  "  reached  to   Hindostan."      (Rolliad.}     A 
connexion  of  Marquess  Townshend.     Probably 
the  family  have  a  portrait  of  him.  W.  D. 


ALLEGED  PLAGIARISM. 
(3rd  S.  v.  153.) 

Tour  correspondent  2.  wishes  for  a  reference 
to  the  particulars  of  the  dispute  relating  to  the 
authorship  of  the  elegy  entitled  "  The  Black- 
birds." These  particulars,  I  am  inclined  to  think, 
are  not  to  be  found  in  print,  but  were  only  a 
topic  of  chit-chat  in  the  literary  and  theatrical 
circles  of  a  fashionable  watering-place. 

This  beautiful  and  pathetic  elegy  first  appeared 
in  The  Adventurer,  No.  37.  It  was  communicated 
to  Dr.  Hawkesworth  by  Gilbert  West,  without 
naming  the  author.  West,  however,  did  not 
claim  it,  although  Dr.  Johnson  (Lives  of  the  Poets, 
ed.  1854,  iii.  278)  writes  doubtfully  respecting  the 
authorship. 

When  the  elegy  first  appeared  with  Mr.  Jago's 
name  in  the  fourth  volume  of  Dodsley's  Collection 
of  Poems,  edit.  1755,  it  is  said  that  a  manager  of 
the  Bath  Theatre,  with  unparalleled  effrontery, 
boasted  in  the  circle  of  his  acquaintance  that  he 


3rd  S.  V.  MAR.  5,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


199 


was  the  author  of  "  The  Blackbirds  ;  "  and  that 
Jago,  which  name  he  adopted,  was  taken  from  the 
character  in  Othello.  This  brings  us  to  the  ques- 
tion put  by  your  correspondent,  Who  was  this 
manager  ?  It  has  been  conjectured  that  it  was 
John^Palmer — "Mail  Coach  Palmer,"  as  he  was 
familiarly  called,  a  manager  of  the  Bath  Theatre 
in  Orchard  Street  in  1767. 

I  ain,  however,  more  inclined  to  attribute  this 
ruse  to  John  Lee  the  actor,  who  became  within  a 
short  time  after  the  publication  of  Dodsley's  fourth 
volume  (1765)  a  manager  of  one  of  the  Bath 
theatres.  Lee's  principal  character,  it  will  be  re- 
membered, was  lago  in  the  tragedy  of  Othello,  in 
which  it  is  allowed  he  excelled;  but  unfortu- 
nately, as  is  well  known,  he  entertained  too  high 
an  opinion  of  his  own  talents.  When  he  had  the 
command  of  the  Bath  prompt-book,  he  altered 
some  plays  in  so  bad  a  manner,  that  Kemble, 
when  he  came  to  Bath,  refused  to  act  in  them  till 
they  were  restored  to  their  proper  state. 

Lee's  character  is  well  described  by  Cooke  in  his 
Life  of  Machlin.  He  says :  — 

"  Lee's  lago  was  very  respectable,  and  showed  a  good 
judgment  and  thorough  representation  of  the  character. 
This  actor  was  not  without  considerable  pretensions,  were 
they  not  more  than  allayed  by  his  vanity.  He  had  a  good 
person,  a  good  voice,  and  a  more  than  ordinary  know- 
Ledge  of  his  profession,  which  he  sometimes  showed  with- 
out exaggeration;  but  he  wanted  to  be  placed  in  the 
chair  of  Garrick,  and  in  attempting  to  reach  this  he  often 
deranged  his  natural  abilities.  He  was  for  ever,  as  Foote 
said,  'doing  the  honours  of  his  face.'  He  affected  un- 
common long  pauses,  and  frequently  took  such  out-of-the- 
iray  pains  with  emphasis  and  articulation,  that  the 
natural  actor  seldom  appeared." 

Lee  was  banished  at  last  from  almost  every 
theatre  but  that  of  Bath,  where  he  continued  at 
different  periods,  either  as  manager,  actor,  or 
lecturer,  till  his  death  in  the  year  1781. 

AMICUS. 

Barnsbury. 

MONKISH  ENIGMA. 
(3rd  S.  v.  153.) 

A  WYKEHAMIST  will  find  an  explanation  of  the 
lines  quoted  by  him  in  a  little  volume,  entitled 
Memoirs  of  the  Rose,  by,  I  believe,  Mr.  Holland 
of  Sheffield.  Addressing  a  lady,  the  author  says : — 

"  In  the  common  rosebud  there  is  a  singular  arrange- 
ment of  the  armature,  or  beards  of  the  sepals  forming  the 
lalyx,  which  is  thus  stated  in  an  admired  scrap  of 
monkish  Latin :  — 

1  Quinque  sumus,'  &c. 
Ihese  leonine  (rhyming)  verses,  with  an  English  version 

uch  follows,  I  extract  from  the  Monthly  Magazine  for 
A-pril,  1822 ;  to  which  work  they  were  sent  bv  our  fa-  • 
-ounte  poet  (James  Montgomery).    The  translator  ob- 
serves, that—'  The  common  hedge  rose  (and  every  other) 

is  a  calyx,  which  encloses  the  bud,  consisting  of  five 
leaves  (or  segments),  long  lanceolate-narrow ;  two  simple, 
two  pinnate  (barbati),  and  a  fifth  pinnate  only  on  one 


side  (non  barbatus  utrinque).  The  three  leaves  then, 
described  in  the  above  lines,  are  the  two  which  are  pin- 
nate, or  bearded ;  and  the  one  which  is  pinnate  on  one 
side  only,  or  "  not  bearded  on  both  sides,"  as  the  verse 
rather  ambiguously  expresses  it;  consequently,  the  two 
leaves  omitted  in  the  description  must  be  the  two  that 
are  "simple,"  or  without  any  beard  at  all.'  The  poet 
then  gives  the  following  translation :  — 

'  Five  brethren  there  are, 

Born  at  once  of  their  mother ; 
Two  bearded,  two  bare ; 

The  fifth  neither  one  nor  the  other, 
But  to  each  of  his  brethren  half  brother.' 

"  You  will  find  it  interesting  to  notice  this  botanical 
singularity;  which  the  translator  tells  me  he  never 
found  to  vary  in  any  specimen  he  had  examined — a 
statement  which  is  corroborated  by  my  own  observations 
on  hundreds  of  roses  of  different  species." 


The  Latin  enigma,  given  by  A  WYKEHAMIST, 
was  proposed  in"  Young  England  for  December 
last  year.  It  has  never  been  answered,  and  the 
publishers  of  that  periodical  are  now  offering  a  prize 
of  II.  to  any  one  who  will  answer  it  and  another 
that  appeared  in  an  older  number  of  the  same 
publication.  The  following  is  a  free  translation 
of  the  enigmas.  The  translation  and  the  enigma 
appeared  together. 

"  Five  brothers  we  are, 

All  born  at  one  birth ; 
And  brothers  more  strange, 
You  will  scarce  find  on  earth. 

"  Two  of  us  beardless 

From  youth  to  old  age ; 
And  two  with  such  beards, 
As  would  grace  e'en  a  sage. 

"  But  what  is  most  strange, 
In  this  so  strange  case, 
The  fifth  has  a  beard 
On  just  half  of  his  face. 

"  Now,  if  you  will  please 
To  find  out  our  name, 
Just  send  it  Y.  E., 
And  give  it  world-wide  fame." 

The  publication  of  the  foregoing  may  facilitate 
the  solution  of  the  enigma.        THOMAS  CEAGGS. 
West  Cramlington. 


The  following  extract,  from  Miss  Yonge's 
Herb  of  the  Field,  will  solve  this  enigma  :  — 

"  *  Of  us  five  brothers  at  the  same  time  born, 

Two,  from  our  birthday,  ever  beards  have  worn ; 
On  other  two,  none  ever  have  appeared, 
While  the  fifth  brother  wears  but  half  a  beard.' 

"  This  is  a  fine  puzzle  for  most  people ;  but  if  you  can- 
not make  it  out  with  a  rose  calyx  before  your  eyes,  I 
think  you  must  be  rather  dull."  —  Herb  of  the  Field,  2nd 
edit.,  p.  32. 

S.  L. 


200 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3"»  S.  V.  MAK.  5,  '64. 


ITALICS  (3rJ  S.  v.  178  n.)  —  There  seems  to  me 
much  exaggeration  in  the  objections  often  made 
agamst  italics,  and  I  wholly  demur  to  this  parallel 
between  them  and  oaths.  The  true  parallel  is 
obviously  between  them  and  a  strong  emphasis  in 
speaking ;  and  there  can  be  no  intrinsic  objection 
to  the  one  more  than  to  the  other.  Does  any  one 
really  recommend  conversation  in  which  no  words 
are  emphasised  more  than  others  ?  Undoubtedly 
more  than  a  few  italics,  as,  for  instance,  in  Young's 
Night  Thoughts^  gives  a  great  look  of  weakness  to 
the  writing.  LYTTELTON. 

-SiR  ROBERT  VERNON  (3rd  S.  iv.  476.)  —  In 
answer  to  W.  B.'s  query,  I  beg  to  say  that  Sir 
Robert  Vernon,  of  Hodnet,  was  the  son  of  John 
Vernon  by  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Sir  Richard 
Devereux,  Knight.  He  was  born  1577,  created 
K.  B.  by  Queen  Elizabeth,  and  made  comptroller 
of  her  household ;  he  married  Mary,  daughter  of 
Robert  Needham,  of  Shenton,  and  sister  of  Sir 
Robert  Needhain,  who,  in  1625,  was  created  first 
Viscount  Kilmorey.  Sir  Robert  Vernon,  Knight, 
died  in  1625,  leaving  a  son,  Henry  Vernon,  who 
was  born  1606,  and  who,  in  1660,  was  created  a 
baronet,  for  his  services  in  the  royal  cause.  This 
Sir  Henry  Vernon,  Bart.,  married  in  1636,  Eliza- 
beth, daughter  and  heir  of  Sir  Richard  White, 
Knight,  of  Friers,  in  Anglesea  (she  was  one  of  the 
beauties  of  King  Charles's  court).  Sir  Henry 
Vernon  died  1676,  leaving  a  son,  Sir  Thomas 
Vernon,  of  Hodnet,  one  of  the  four  Tellers  of,the 
Exchequer.  In  Hodnet  Hall,  co.  Salop,  is,  or 
was,  a  shield  carved  in  oak,  containing  the  Vernon 
arms  of  twenty-four  quartering?,  of  the  date  of 
1599,  united  with  the  Needham  arms  of  ten 
quarterings. 

It  is  quite  probable  that  Sir  Robert  Vernon  is 
the  same  person  who  was  on  the  council  of  the 
Lord  Marchers  at  Ludlow,  in  1609,  as  his  father- 
in-law,  Robert  Needham,  was  vice-president  of 
the  Council  in  the  Marches  in  Wales. 

w.]«v$f| 

SIR  WALTER  RALEIGH  (3rd  S.  v.  108,  184.)  — 
Sir  Humphrey  Gilbert  and  Sir  Walter  Raleigh 
were  uterine  brothers,  sons  of  the  same  mother  by 
different  husbands.  CHARLES  F.  S.  WARREN. 

FASHIONABLE  QUARTERS  OF  LONDON  (3rd  S.  v. 
92.)— As  regards  the  residence  of  Edward,  Lord 
Thurlow,  when  Lord  Chancellor,  there  is  no 
doubt  that  he  occupied  a  house  on  the  north  side 
of  Great  Ormond  Street,  where  the  Ormond  Club 
met  (of  which  I  was  a  member),  and  our  readino- 
room  at  the  back  was  the  one  from  which  the 
seals  were  stolen.  THOMAS  FARMER  COOKE. 

Lord  Chancellor  Thurlow  lived  in  Great  George 
Street,  Westminster.  WM.  SMITH*! 

BALLOONS  :  THEIR  DIMENSIONS  (3rd  S.  v.  96.) — 
R.  C.  L.  would  do  well  to  visit  the  Free  Public 


Library  in  the  Patent  Office,  Chancery  Lane.  In 
addition  to  the  printed  specifications  relating  to 
aeronautics  (including  the  Earl  of  Aldborough's 
expensive  follies),  that  library  contains  a  large 
number  of  treatises  on  the  subject,  and  a  curious 
and  unique  collection  thus  described  in  the  Cata- 
logue :  — 

"  Aeronautica  Illustrata.  —  A  complete  Cabinet  of 
Aerial  Ascents  and  Descents,  from  the  earliest  period  to 
the  present  time.  Collected  and  arranged  by  George 
James  Norman.  Comprising  — 

1.  All  known  engraved  portraits,  and  a  few  original 

drawings,  of  aeronauts. 

2.  Autograph  letters  and  other  writings  of  aeronauts 

and  their  patrons  and  friends. 

3.  A  large  collection  of  engravings  and  drawings  illus-- 

trating  ancient  and  modern  attempts  to  navigate 
the  air,  including  comic  and  caricature  subjects. 

4.  Historical  and   descriptive  matter  in  various  lan- 

guages, consisting  of  cuttings  from  newspapers 
and  other  periodical  works;  and  pamphlets  and 
excerpts  reduced  to  leaves  and  separately  mounted. 

5.  Specimens  of  the  silk  and  other  materials  of  which 

the  most  celebrated  balloons  and  their  appendages 
have  been  composed. 

Collected  probably  between  1830  and  1850.  In  9  vols. 
folio." 

W. 

IREN^EUS  QUOTED  (3rd  S.  iv.  98.) — I  cannot 
take  upon  myself  to  say  that  the  passage  is  not 
in  Irenaeus,  but  as  it  is  in  Tertullian,  I  think  it 
not  unlikely  that  one  father  is  misremembered  for 
the  other. 

"  Quid  ergo  de  caeteris  ingeniis,  vel  etiani  viribus  fallaci* 
spiritalis  edisserem?  Phantasmata  Castorum,  et  aquam 
cribro  gestatam,  et  navem  cingulo  promotarn,  et  barbam 
tactu  irrufatam ;  ut  nutnina  lapides  crederentur,  et  Deus 
verus  non  crederetur." — Apolog.  cap.  xxii.  ad  fin.  Ed. 
Semler,  Halse  Magd.  1773,  t.  v.  p.  50. 

See  also  Mceurs  et  Pratiques  des  Demons,  par 
Gougenot  des  Mousseaux,  p.  48,  Paris,  1854. 

FITZHOPKINS. 
Garrick  Club. 

QUOTATION  (3rd  S.  v.  154.)— 7.  The  greatest 
work  of  the  greatest  orator  that  the  world  has 
ever  produced  contains  the  idea  ascribed  to  the 
"  Heathen."  It  occurs  in  Demosthenes'  speech, 
"  De  Corona  "  (Reiske,  ed.  p.  226,  line  20,  Bekker, 
§  4 ;  Whiston,  p.  402-3.)  WYNNE  E.  BAXTER. 

REVALENTA  ARABICA  (3rd  S.  iv.  496.)— Your 
correspondent  MR.  TRENCH  will  find  that  his  re- 
marks upon  the  composition  of  this  article  have 
been  anticipated  by  Burton.  Speaking  of  an 
Arabian  dish,  called  "  Adas  "  (lentils),  he  says  :  — 

"  This  grain  is  cheaper  than  rice  on  the  banks  of  the 
Nile— a  fact  which  enlightened  England,  now  paying  ;i 
hundred  times  its  value  for  '  Revalenta  Arabica,'  "appar- 
ently ignores." — JPitgrimarje  to  El  Medina  and  Meccah, 
2nd  edit.  i.  368. 

Novi  Eboraci.  P.  W.  S. 

CARDINAL  BETON  AND  ARCHBISHOP  GAAVIN 
DUNBAR  (3rd  S.  v.  112.)  — In  J.  M.'s  note  under 


3"'  S-  V.  MAR.  5,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


201 


this  title  several  things  occur  requiring  notice. 
James  Beaton  was  not  the  famous  Cardinal,  but 
the  uncle  of  that  prelate,  whose  Christian  name 
was  David.  The  date  of  the  consecration  of 
archbishop  James,  although  unknown  to  Keith,  is 
given  correctly  in  Mr.  Grub's  Ecclesiastical  His- 
tory of  Scotland  (1861),  a  work  composed  with 
that  care  and  conscientious  accuracy  which  alone 
makes  a  history  of  value  as  such.  (See  vol.  i. 
p.  411.)  James  Beaton  was  translated  to  St.  An- 
drew's in  1522,  and  Gavin  Dunbar,  Prior  of 
Whithorn  (not  Wftitehaveri),  was  consecrated  as 
his  successor  on  February  5,  152f  (not  1534). 
Some  of  the  mistakes  now  pointed  out  may  have 
happened  in  transcription,  or  in  printing.  The 
remarks  about  Queen  Mary  and  the  unworthy 
names  associated  with  hers,  imply  to  such  an  ex- 
tent moral  depravity  in  the  unfortunate  Scottish 
princess  that  I  cannot  concur  in  them.  N".  C. 

SIR  EDWARD  MAY  (3rd  S.  v.  35.)  —  Among  the 
grants  of  lands  in  Ireland,  in  the  reign  of  King 
Charles  II.,  mention  is  made  of  the  following 
lands  in  the  co.  of  Waterford,  and  parish  of  Mothel, 
as  having  been  granted  to  Sir  Algernon  May  :  — 
Mothel,  Kilenaspig,  Jeddins,  Clonmoyle,  Ross, 
Old  Grange,  and  Ballynavin.  Smith  in  his  His- 
tory of  Waterford,  ed.  1746,  mentions  the  Mays 
among  the  gentry  of  that  county.  He  also  says, — 

"  Mayfield  is  the  pleasant  seat  of  James  May,  Esq., 
finely  situated  on  the  banks  of  the  Sulr,  with  several 
plantations  and  large  improvements.  This  place  was 
formerly  called  Rockett's  Castle,  from  a  castle  erected 
here  by  one  of  that  name." 

Jas.  May  was  the  gentleman  created  a  baronet 
in  the  year  1763.  KILLONGFORD. 

CHRISTOPHER  COPLEY  (3rd  S.  v.  136.) —Chris- 
topher Copley  came  of  a  great  Yorkshire  family, 
which  derives  both  its  name  and  origin  from  the 
village  of  Copley,  a  hamlet  in  the  parish  of  Ha- 
lifax. His  immediate  ancestors  were  William 
Copley,  of  Wadworth,  who  died  May  20,  1658,  and 
Anne  daughter  of  Gervas  Cressy  of  Birkin.  He 
married  a  lady  of  good  Yorkshire  family,  and 
puritan  principles,  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Gervas 
Bosville,  of  Warms  worth.  Like  his  connections, 
the  Brookes  and  the  Bosvilles,  he  espoused  the 
popular  side  in  the  great  civil  war,  and  seems  to 
have  been  an  active  and  efficient  officer.  Evidence 
exists  to  prove  that  he  spent  considerable  sums  of 
his  own  money  in  forwarding  the  cause  he  had  at 
heart,  which  were  repaid  to  him  when  the  struggle 
was,  for  a  time,  over.  On  July  8,  1648,  the  House 
of  Commons  made  an  order  that  the  sum  of 
4324/.  9*.,  arrears  due  to  him,  was  to  be  paid  out 
of  the  Yorkshire  sequestration  monies.  He  had 
the  command  of  the  Parliamentary  forces  at  the 
battle  of  Sherburn,  August  15,  1645,  where  Lord 
JJigby  was  routed  and  Sir  Francis  Carnaby  and 
Sir  Richard  Button,  high  sheriff  of  Yorkshire, 


were  killed.  I  have  seen  no  record  of  his  death, 
but  it  certainly  took  place  before  1664.  His 
younger  brother,  Lionel,  married  Frizalina,  daugh- 
ter of  George  Ward,  of  Capesthorne,  co.  Chester. 
He  died  December,  1675,  and  lies  buried  in  Wad- 
worth  church.  Lionel  Copley  entered  the  service 
of  the  Parliament  at  the  beginning  of  the  war  as 
muster-master  general,  and  I  believe  served  it 
faithfully,  although  his  subsequent  troubles  are 
|  evidence  that  he  was  at  times  an  object  of  much 
i  suspicion.  From  him  descended,  in  the  fifth  ge- 
1  neration,  Godfrey  Higgins,  F.S.A.,  of  Skellow 
Grange,  near  Doncaster,  the  profoundly  learned 
author  of  Anacalypsis,  an  Attempt  to  draw  aside  the 
Veil  of  the  Saitic  Isis ;  or  an  Enquiry  into  the 
Origin  of.  Languages,  Nations,  and  Religions, 
2  vols.  4to,  1833,  who  died  August  9,  1833. 

The  arms  of  Copley  are  argent  a  cross  moline, 
sable;  those  of  Higgins  ermine  on  a  fess  sable, 
three  towers  argent.  I  hope  to  include  lives  of 
the  Copleys  in  my  "  Civil  War  Biographies." 
Therefore  any  unpublished  facts  relating  to  them 
will  interest  me. 

(Clarendon,  Hist.,  1  vol.,  1843,  pp.  578,  690. 
Hunter,  South  Yorks.,  i.  252 ;  ii.  482.  Commons' 
Journ.t  iii.  431  ;  v.  627.  Memorable  Days  and 
Works  of  God,  1645.  The  Royal  Martyrs,  1660. 
Grainge's  Battles  and  Battlefields  of  Yorkshire,  187. 
Gentleman's  Mag.,  1833,  ii.  p.  371. 

EDWARD  PEACOCK. 
Bottesford  Manor,  Brigg. 

ESQUIRE  (3rd  S.  v.  94.)  — A  curious  point  arose 
in  1859,  in  a  law  case  reported  in  the  29th  vol.  of 
the  Law  Journal,  Queen's  Bench,  p.  17.  A  per- 
son proposing  for  a  life  assurance,  in  answer  to  the 
questions  put  to  him  as  to  his  address  and  occu- 
pation, wrote  " Hall,  Esquire,"  naming  his 

private  residence.  It  happened  that,  in  the  neigh- 
bouring town,  he  carried  on  the  trade  of  an  iron- 
monger; and  when  he  died,  the  assurance  com- 
pany refused  to  pay,  on  the  ground  that  he  had 
been  guilty  of  suppressio  veri  in  not  disclosing 
that  he  was  in  business.  Of  course  the  Court  was 
against  them,  and  it  is  hardly  necessary  to  add, 
that  they  did  not  succeed  in  thus  evading  the 
claim.  JOB  J.  B.  WORKARD. 

EIJCAKAH  (3rd  S.  iv.  394.)  —  So  Quarles,  in 
1635,  accents  the  first  syllable  :  — • 

" '  0  there  I'll  feed  thee  with  celestial  manna ; 
I'll  be  thy  Elkanah.'    « And  I  thy  Hannah.' 
'  I'll  sound  my  trump  of  joy.'    *  And  I'll  resound  Ho- 
sannah.' " 

Emblems,  Book  iv.  Emb.  7. 

JOB  J.  B.  WORKARD. 

BEECH  TREES  NEVER  STRUCK  BY  LIGHTNING 
(3rd  S.  v.  97.)  —  I  regret  I  cannot  give  any  in- 
formation on  this  subject,  although  I  know  per- 
sons who  entertain  the  opinion.  As  regards  bay 


202 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


V.  MAR.  5,  '64. 


being  a  preservative  against  lightning,  I  find  in 
Greene's  Penelope's  Wei,  &c.,  4to,  1601,— 

"  He  which  weareth  the  bay -leaf  is  privileged  from  the 
prejudice  of  thunder." 

And,  in  the  old  play  of  The  White  Devil,  Cor- 
nelia says, — 

"Reach  the  bays: 

I'll  tie  a  garland  here  about  his  head, 
T  will  keep  my  boy  from  lightning." 

Also,  in  A  strange  Metamorphosis  of  Man  trans- 
formed into  a  Wildernesse,  deciphered  in  Characters, 
12mo,  1634,  under  the  bay  tree,  it  is  observed, 
that  it  is  — 

a  so  privileged  by  nature,  that  even  thunder  and  light- 
ning are  here  even  taxed  of  partiality,  and  will  not  touch 
him  for  respect's  sake,  as  a  sacred  thing." 

Again,  cited  from  some  old  English  poet,  in 
Bodenham's  Belvedere,  or  the  Garden  of  the  Muses, 
8vo,  1600,  we  read, — 

"  As  thunder  nor  fierce  lightning  harmes  the  bay, 
So  no  extremitie  hath  power  on  fame." 

W.  I.  S.  HORTON. 

DESCENDANTS  or  FITS- JAMES  (3rd  S.  v.  134.) 
From  various  articles  which  have  appeared  in 
"  N.  &  Q.,M  and  from  some  other  sources,  I  be- 
lieve that  accounts  of  the  descendants  of  the  Duke 
of  Berwick  will  be  found  in  Burke's  Extinct  Peer- 
age; in  the  Annuaire  de  la  Noblesse  de  France,  for 
1844  and  1852;  in  Moreri's  Dictionnaire  Histo- 
rique;  in  Rohrbacher's  Histoire  Universelle  de 
VEnglise  Catholique,  tenth  ed.,  1852,  torn,  xxvii.  ; 
and  in  the  Memoires  published  by  his  grandson 
in  1778.  Meantime  the  following  particulars  may 
be  of  some  service  to  the  inquirer :  — 

The  Duke  of  Berwick  was  created  Due  de  Fitz- 
James  by  Louis  XIV.  in  1710.  He  was  twice 
married.  By  his  first  wife,  Honora  de  Burgh,  he 
left  one  son,  James,  who  was  Duke  of  Liria,  in 
Spain.  His  second  wife  was  Anne  Bulkeley,  and 
by  her  he  had  a  numerous  family.  His  eldest  sur- 
viving son  by  this  marriage  was  Francis,  Duke  of 
Fitz-James,  and  Bishop  of  Soissons,  and  died 
about  the  year  1761.  The  next  was  Henry,  who 
also  entered  into  Holy  Orders.  The  third  son 
was  James,  from  whom  is  descended  the  present 
Duke  of  Fitz-James,  in  France.  He  bears  the 
royal  arms  of  England  within  a  bordure,  with  the 
motto  "  Ortu  et  honore."  F.  C.  H. 

DR.  GEOBGE  OLIVER  (3rd  S.  v.  137.)  —  Having 
had  the  pleasure  to  possess  an  intimate  friend  and 
frequent  correspondent  in  the  late  Rev.  George 
Oliver,  D.D.,  of  St.  Nicholas's  Priory,  Exeter,°I 
can  assure  A  DEVONIAN  that  there  was  no  rela- 
tionship between  him  and  the  Protestant  Doctor 
of  the  same  name.  They  were,  of  course  often 
confounded  with  each  other;  and  the  Catholic 
D.D.  has  told  me  of  amusing  mistakes  made,  and 
that  he  often  received  letters  intended  for  his 


namesake,  as  no  doubt  the  other  received  some 
intended  for  him.  But,  as  far  as  I  know,  they 
were  not  even  personally  acquainted.  F.  C.  H. 

THE  IRON  MASK  (3rd  S.  v.  135.)  — The  curious 
helmet,  or  iron  mask,  mentioned  by  H.  C.,  is  cer- 
tainly not  that  worn  by  the  mysterious  prisoner  of 
Louis  XIV.  His  mask  was  made  of  black  velvet, 
on  a  wire  frame,  fastened  at  the  back  of  his  head, 
but  allowing  free  liberty  to  his  mouth  and  jaws, 
and  intended  only  to  conceal  his  features. 

F.  C.  H. 

I  believe  I  may  safely  assert  that  there  is  no 
authority  whatever  for  supposing  the  suit  in  ques- 
tion to  have  been  that  of  the  Chevalier  Bayard. 
As  to  the  so-called  "  Iron  Mask,"  it  is  only  a  piece 
of  tilting  armour,  worn  in  the  lists  as  an  additional 
protection  for  the  face.  The  real  mask,  worn  by 
the  mysterious  state  prisoner,  was  of  black  velvet, 
secured  by  a  lock,  and  made  to  open  and  shut  at 
the  mouth  by  means  of  springs. 

W.  J.  BERNHARD  SMITH. 
Temple. 

ON  WIT  (3rd  S.  v.  162.)  — In  SIR  THOMAS 
WINNINGTON'S  quotation  no  doubt  witty  and  wise 
are  put  in  contrast,  as  is  shown  by  the  unquestion- 
able opposition  just  preceding,  grave  and  gay. 
But  in  the  church  here  it  is  still  more  evident  in 
the  epitaph  by  George,  Lord  Lyttelton,  on  his 
first  wife,  Lucy,  adorned  by  the  vile  alliteration 
in  which  poetasters  delight :  —  "  Tho'  meek,  mag- 
nanimous ;  and  tho'  witty,  wise." 

LYTTELTON. 

Hagley,  Stourbridge. 

RETREAT  (3rd  S.  v.  119.) — I  have  read  your 
answer  with  reference  to  the  origin  of  the  military 
term  "Retreat,"  but  can  hardly  look  upon  it  as 
conclusive.  It  is  stated  in  your  answer  that  you 
"think  the  expression  must  have  originally  re- 
ferred to  the  men's  retiring  to  their  quarters  when 
the  muster  was  over,  not  to  the  muster  itself.'* 
But,  I  would  suggest,  that  if  this  be  a  true  solu- 
tion of  the  question,  why  should  not  the  term 
"  retreat "  be  applied  to  every  parade  which  takes 
place  during  the  day,  since  the  men  would,  on 
each  of  those  occasions,  retire  to  their  quarters  on 
the  dismissal  of  the  parade  ?  F.  R. 

PRIMULA  (3rd  S.  v.  132.) —  The  lines  quoted 
by  W.  D.  are  a  kind  of  compressed  version  of  a 
lovely  little  poem,  given  under  slightly  differing 
forms,  both  by  Carew  and  Herrick.  In  Herrick's 
poems  it  stands  thus :  — 


"  Ask  me  why  I  send  you  here 
This  sweet  infanta  of 


the  year? 
Ask  me  why  I  send  to  you 
This  primrose  thus  bepearl'd  with  dew  ? 
I  will  whisper  to  your  ears 
'  The  sweets  of  love  are  mixed  with  tears.' 


3'dS.V.  MAR.  5, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


203 


"Ask  me  why  this  flow'r  does  show 
So  yellow-green,  and  sickly  too? 
Ask  me  why  the  stalk  is  weak, 
And,  bending,  yet  it  doth  not  break? 
I  will  answer:  'These  discover 
What  fainting  hopes  are  in  a  lover.'  " 

May  I  add  a  more  literal  Latin  version,  printed 
a  good  many  years  ago  ?  — 

"  Poscis,  cur  tibi  dedicem 
Hanc  anni  teneram  progeniem  novi? 

Mittam  cur  tibi  primulam 
Quae  gemmata  nitet  rore  madens  adhuc? 

Et  reddo  —  *  Sua  sic  amor 
Sternum  lachrymis  gaudia  temperat.' 

"  Poscis,  cur  mea  primula 
Languescat  fragili  pallida  flosculo? 

Cur  caulem  Zephyrus  levem 
Flectat  perpetub,  frangere  nee  queat? 

Reddo, — *  Semper  amantium 
Pectus  non  aliter  languida  spes  alit.' " 

A  little  closer  attention  to  botanical  nomencla- 
ture would  have  told  your  correspondent  that  the 
crimson  plant  he  saw  was  not  "  a  different  plant 
of  the  same  species,"  but  a  different  species  of  the 
same  genus.  C.  W.  BINGHAM. 

The  Primulacece  being  a  great  natural  order, 
the  London  gardeners  probably  made  no  mistake. 

S. 

KOD  IN  THE  MIDDLE  AGES  (3rd  S.  iv.  32.)  — 
Your  correspondent  E.  D.,  and  I  should  think 
most  of  your  readers,  will  be  surprised  to  hear 
that  the  severe  discipline  so  vividly  described  by 
Francis  Newbery  in  1815,  is  not  only  not  obsolete, 
but  actually  practised  at  the  present  day.  Hap- 
pening to  look  over  a  file  of  the  Family  Herald,  I 
found  amongst  the  miscellaneous  stores  of  infor- 
mation contained  under  the  head  of  "  Correspon- 
dence "  a  series  of  communications  respecting  the 
use  of  the  rod  in  girls'  schools.  It  appears  that  a 
discussion  has  been  going  on  in  the  columns  of  the 
Family  Herald  as  to  the  propriety  of  this  mode  of 
punishment,  and,  in  answer  to  one  correspondent, 
the  editor  says:  — 

"  From  the  numerous  letters  that  we  receive,  we  be- 
lieve that  the  practice  you  condemn  is  not  only  indulged 
in,  but  that  it  is  indulged  in  because  severe  correction  is 
thought  necessary ;  and  in  manv  cases  it  probably  is  so." 
No.  1077,  vol.  Mi.,  Dec.  19,  1863. 

What  is  still  more  extraordinary  is,  that  the 
editor  approves  the  practice,  as,  in  reply  to  another 
correspondent,  he  thus  states  his  views  :  — 

"  Discipline  sends  us  a  letter  in  favour  of  discipline  at 
girls'  schools ;  that  is,  in  favour  of  flogging  girls.  He 
considers  the  rod  a  fitter  instrument  of  punishment  than 
any  other ;  and  so  do  we.  The  fact  is  this,  there  should 
be  no  maundering  about  the  matter."  —  (No.  1083,  Vjol. 
xxi.,  Jan.  30, 1864.) 

This  shows  that  not  only  is  the  rod  now  in  use 
as  a  corrective  for  refractory  young  ladies,  but 
that  there  are  persons  who  advocate  its  terrors. 
It  may  also  show  us  how  little  one  half  of  the 


world  knows  what  the  other  half  does ;  and  if  a 
question  of  the  domestic  customs  of  the  present 
day  admits  of  denial,  how  much  more  difficult  it 
must  be  to  trace  the  manners  and  habits  of  former 
times.  VIEGA. 

PROVERBIAL  SAYINGS  (3rd  S.  v.  136.)  —  The 
saying  "Needs  must  when  the  devil  drives,"  is 
probably  taken  from  All's  Well  that  Ends  Well, 
Act  I.  Sc.  3,  where  the  Clown  says :  "  He  must 
needs  go,  that  the  devil  drives."  N.  M.  F. 

PORTRAIT  or  BISHOP  HORSLET  (3rd  S.  v.  38.) — 
A  small  but  very  excellent  line-engraving  of  this 
admirable  champion  of  orthodoxy  adorns  the  six 
volumes  of  Dr.  Dibden's  Sunday  Library.  Is  this 
included  in  the  set  in  Evans's  List  ?  May  not  The 
British  Senator  contain  another  portrait  ?  I  know 
it  has  several  of  contemporary  prelates,  Bishop 
Douglas  to  wit,  for  whose  portrait  a  correspon- 
dent was  inquiring  in  the  bye-gone  age  of  your 
First  Series.  R.  LXM. 

OATH  BY  THE  DOG  (3rd  S.  v.  138.)  —  In  Hin- 
doo, Scandinavian,  and  Classical  Mythology,  "the 
dog,"  "dog  grass,"  uthe  dog  star,"  and  all  the 
variations  of  analogous  myths  and  superstitions 
are  almost  interchangeable.  (  Vide  Moor's  Hindu 
Pantheon,  $*c.) 

I  once  made  a  large  table  of  such  analogies,  in- 
cluding those  of  the  Hindoo  cosmogony,  and  the 
succession  of  geological  strata,  but  unfortunately 
lost  it.  Such  a  tabular  work  in  the  hands  of  one 
better  able  to  compile  it  might  be  made  exceed- 
ingly interesting.  S. 

ANONYMOUS  :  "  RESURRECTION,  NOT  DEATH,  THE 
HOPE  or  THE  BELIEVER"  (3rd  S.  v.  33.)—VECTis 

is  informed  that  this  tract  is  by  the  Rev.  Henry 
Borlase.  It  was  originally  a  paper  in  a  quarterly 
periodical,  called  The  Christian  Witness,  which 
appeared  at  Plymouth  from  1834  to  1840,  and  of 
which  Mr.  Borlase  was  the  original  editor.  The 
paper  in  question  was  inserted  in  the  second 
number,  April,  1834.  Mr.  Borlase  was  a  native  of 
Helstone,  in  Cornwall.  He  graduated  at  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge;  and  after  his  ordination  in 
the  Church  of  England,  he  held  for  a  short  time 
the  curacy  of  the  parish  of  St.  Keyne,  in  Corn- 
wall. He  withdrew  from  the  ministry  of  the 
Church  of  England ;  and  he  was  from  that  time 
associated  with  a  Christian  congregation  at  Ply- 
mouth, to  whom  first  the  name  of  "  Plymouth 
Brethren "  was  given.  It  ought,  however,  to  be 
distinctly  stated,  that  they  did  not  then  hold  the 
peculiarities  of  theology,  nor  did  they  carry  out 
the  same  course  of  action  which  characterise  those 
who  now  in  many  places  are  known  as  Plymouth 
Brethren.  The  doctrinal  system  now  held  by 
them  is  utterly  at  variance  with  the  principles 
cherished  by  Mr.  Borlase. 

After  many  months  of  illness  Mr.  Borlase  died, 


204 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  V.  MAR.  5,  '64. 


in  October,  1835.  In  the  following  year,  a  small 
volume  was  published  — 

"  Papers  by  the  late  Henry  Borlase,  connected  with  the 
Present  State  of  the  Church."  Hamilton,  Adams,  &  Co., 
London. 

The  tract  about  which  VECTIS  inquires,  was 
included  in  this  volume. 

The  "  Central  Tract  Depot,  1,  Warwick  Square," 
about  the  continuance  of  which  VECTIS  asks,  has 
been  long  removed  elsewhere.  It  was  set  up  by 
Mr.  George  V.  Wigrara,  brother  of  the  present 
Bishop  of  Rochester — a  gentleman  who  has  taken 
a  leading  part  in  much  connected  with  the 
"  Brethrenite  "  movement.  It  is  remarkable  that 
so  many  of  the  "  Brethren "  have  been  closely 
connected  with  ecclesiastical  dignitaries:  for  in- 
stance, Lord  Congleton,  a  "  Brethrenite"  teacher, 
and  the  present  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  his 
brother-in-law.  LJELIUS. 

EXECUTION  OF  CHARLES  I.  (3rd  S.  iv.  195.)  — 
The  following  extract  purports  to  be  a  circum- 
stantial account  (printed  1660)  of  the  execution  of 
Charles  I.,  and  may  throw  some  light  on  a  doubt- 
ful question : — 

"  Tuesday,  Janr  30  (the  fatal  day).  He  was  about 
10  of  the  clock  brought  from  his  Palace  at  St.  James'  to 
Whitehall ;  marched  on  foot,  guarded  with  a  regiment  of 
foot  soldiers  through  the  Park,  with  their  colours  flying, 

&c Being  come  to  the  end  of  the  Park,  he 

ascends  the  stairs  leading  to  the  long  gallery  in  White- 
hall, and  so  into  the  Cabinet  Chamber,  where  he  formerty 

used  to  lodge.    There,  &c From  thence, 

about  1  o'clock,  he  was  accompanied  by  Dr  Juxon  and 
Col.  Tomlinson,  and  other  officers,  formerly  appointed  to 
attend  him,  and  the  private  guard  of  Partizans  with 
musketeers  on  each  side,  through  the  Banqueting  House, 
adjoining  to  which  the  scaffold  was  erected,  between 
Whitehall  Gate  and  the  gate  leading  into  the  gallery 
from  St.  James'.  The  scaffold  was  hung  round  with 
black,  the  floor  covered  with  black  bayes  (sic),  and  the 
axe  and  block  laid  in  the  middle  of  the  scaffold.  There 
were  divers  companies  of  foot  of  Col.  Pride's  regiment, 
and  several  troops  of  horse,  placed  on  the  one  side  of  the 
scaffold  towards  King  Street.  And  on  the  other  side 
towards  Charing  Cross,"  &c.,  &c. 

S.  S. 

COLLINS  THE  ACTOR  AND  ?OET:  THE  JE  NE 
SCAI  QuoiCniB  (3rd  S.  v.  17.) — I  was  quite  pleased 
to  find  my  old  friend  "  The  Chapter  of  Kings  "  re- 
suscitated by  MR.  BATES  from  the  realms  of  ob- 
livion. From  the  tone  of  his  remarks  I  should 
suppose  he  had  seen  only  the  words,  which  he 
considers  unique.  I  beg  to  say  that  I  possess 
these  words  set  to  music,  and  a  very  merry  tune 
it  is  —  merry  enough  to  scare  away  the  most  de- 
termined crew  of  blue  devils  that  ever  intruded 
on  a  misty  November  morning.  It  was  given  me 
by  an  aged  friend,  a  native  of  Birmingham,  who 
ceased  to  reside  there  after  1806 ;  so  that  it  must 
have  been  published  before  that  date.  The  title 
varies  somewhat  from  that  cited  by  MR.  BATES. 
It  runs  thus :  — 


"  The  Chapter  of  Kings.  A  celebrated  Historical  Song 
written  and  sung  with  universal  applause  by  Mr.  Collins, 
Author  of  The  Brush,  and  by  Mr.  Dignum  at  the  Je  ne 
s$ai  quoi  Clubb." 

Was  this  club  a  Birmingham  or  London  asso- 
ciation ?  and  by  what  class  of  men  was  it  fre- 
quented ?  FENTONIA. 

DE  SCARTH  :  EDGAR  (3rd  S.  v.  134.)  —  It  was 
on  such  a  tenure  that  many  persons  bearing  the 
surname  Edgar  held  their  lands  near  Robert  the 
Bruce's  castle  of  Lochmaben.  Edgars  appear  to 
have  been  amongst  the  personal  followers  of  the 
Bruce  family.  This  may  be  proved  by  a  refer- 
ence to  Bymer's  "  Fcedera,"  a  MS.  containing  a 
list  of  the  witnesses  at  the  marriage  of  Robert 
the  Bruce,  in  the  W.  S.  Lib.  Edin.,  &c.  &c. 

A  propos,  who  was  "  James  Edgar,  Peutherer- 
burges  in  Edinburgh,"  who  died  between  1730 
and  1739?  Was  he  related  to  the  family  of  the 
same  name  settled  at  Restalrig,  and  also  at  the 
town  of  Leith  ?  S. 

ROBERT  CALLIS  (3rd  S.  v.  134.)  —  In  the  4th 
edition  of  The  Reading  (by  W.  J.  Broderip)  the 
author  is  alluded  to  as  a  "  gentleman  of  excellent 
parts  both  natural  and  acquired,"  and  as  being  a 
Commissioner  of  Sewers  "in  his  native  country 
of  Lincolnshire."  He  also  wrote  The  Case  and 
Argument  against  Sir  Ignoramus  of  Cambridge 
(Lond.  1648,  4to),  the  title-page  of  which  de- 
scribes him  "  of  Graies  Inne,  Esqr.  afterward  Ser- 
jeant-at-Law  in  his  reading  at  Staples  Inn  in  Lent 
14  la.  R."  He  is  noticed  by  Allibone,  Watt,  and 
Bohn.  WYNNE  E.  BAXTER. 

"CLARA  CHESTER,"  ETC.  (3rd  S.  iii.  25.)— These 
poems  were  written  by  John  Chaloner,  at  one 
time  a  captain  in  H.M.  36th  Regiment.  He  was 
a  native  of  Clonmel,  Ireland,  where  he  was  born 
in  the  same  house  in  which  Lawrence  Sterne  was 
born.  He  died  June  3,  1862,  aged  eighty-two 
years,  and  was  buried  at  Fethard,  near  Clonmel. 

His  poems  were,  Rome,  published  in  1821  by 
Longman,  Hurst,  Rees,  Orme,  and  Brown,  Lon- 
don ,•  The  Vale  of  Chamouni,  1822,  John  War- 
ner, London;  Clara  Chester,  1823,  Oliver  and 
Boyd,  Edinburgh.  BAR-POINT. 

Philadelphia,  U.  S.  A. 

THE  STORY  OF  LORD  MULGRAVE'S  CHAPLAIN 
(3rd  S.  v.  129.)  —  It  is  a  very  good  story,  and, 
like  all  good  stories,  it  has  seen  much  service. 
The  joke  has  been  ascribed  to  a  Lord  Mayor  as 
well  as  a  Lord  Mulgrave;  and  a  more  distin- 
guished man  than  the  nameless  chaplain  —  the 
famous  Dr.  Samuel  Parr  —  has  suffered  from  it. 
The  Doctor  had  preached  the  Spital  Sermon  at 
Christ  Church  on  the  invitation  of  the  Lord  Mayor 
of  London  (Harvey  Combe) ;  and  as  they  were 
coming  out  of  church  together  (it  is  the  New 


3'd  S.  V.  MAR.  5,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


205 


Monthly  Magazine,  November,  1826,  that  tells  the 
story)  :  — 

"  « Well,'  says  Parr, '  how  did  you  like  the  sermon  ?  ' 
'Why,  Doctor,'  replies  his  lordship,  'there  were  four 
things  in  it  that  I  did  not  like  to  hear.'  '  State  them.' 
'  Why,  to  speak  frankly,  then,  they  were  the  quarters  of 
the  church  clock,  which  struck  four  times  before  you  had 
finished.' " 

J.  C. 

"THE  ART  OF  POLITICKS"  (3rd  S.  v.  164.)  — 
This  excellent  satirical  poem  (reprinted  in  Dods- 
ley's  Collection)  was  by  the  Rev.  James  Bramston, 
M.A.  He  was  born  in  or  about  1694,  being  son 
of  Francis  Bramston  (fourth  son  of  Sir  Mounde- 
ford  Bramston,  Master  in  Chancery,  who  was  a 
younger  son  of  Sir  John  Bramston,  Chief  Justice 
of  England).  In  1708  he  was  admitted  at  West- 
minster School,  whence  in  1713,  he  was  elected 
to  a  studentship  at  Christ's  Church,  Oxford,  pro- 
ceeding B.A.  May  17,  1717,  and  M.A.  April  6, 
1720.  In  1723  the  University  of  Oxford  pre- 
sented him  to  the  rectory  of  Lurgarsale,  in  Sussex, 
and  in  1725  he  became  Vicar  of  Harting,  in  the 
same  county.  He  died  March  16,  1743-4.  He 
also  wrote  The  Man  of  Taste  (reprinted  in  Dods- 
ley  and  in  Campbell's  Specimens),  and  The  Crooked 
Sixpence,  and  has  poems  in  Carmina  Quadragesi- 
malia  and  the  University  Collection,  on  the  death 
of  Dr.  Radcliflfe. 

Dallaway  and  Cartwright,  in  their  account  of 
Lurgarsale,  written  nearly  a  century  after  Mr. 
Bramston's  death,  say  "  he  was  a  man  of  original 
humour,  the  fame  and  proofs  of  whose  colloquial 
wit  are  still  remembered  in  this  part  of  Sussex." 
(Hist,  of  Sussex,  ii.  (i.)  365.) 

In  accordance  with  a  slovenly  practice,  which, 
as  the  cause  of  error  and  trouble,  cannot  be  too 
generally  condemned,  Dodsley  has  suppressed  Mr. 
Bramston's  Christian  name.  The  Gentleman's  Ma- 
gazine, in  announcing  his  death,  designated  him 
Mr.  Brarxijpston,  vicar  of  Starting.  This  ludicrous 
misnomer  of  his  benefice  has  been  repeated  by 
Chalmers,  Campbell,  Watt,  and  Rose. 

Your  correspondent  A.  J.  has,  we  believe, 
reason  to  congratulate  himself  on  the  possession  of 
a  copy  of  the  original  edition  of  The  Art  of  Poli- 
ticks. C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

TEA  STATISTICS  (3rd  S.  v.  175.)  —  Leaving 
DOUBT'S  query  — "What  yield  of  tea  is  required 
per  acre  to  repay  the  ordinary  cost  of  cultiva- 
tion ?" — unanswered,  I  can,  I  think,  remove  from 
his  mind  the  difficulty  which  the  article  in  the 
Edinburgh  Review  appears  to  have  produced. 

The  leaf  is  not  plucked  from  the  tea  plant  for 
the  purpose  of  being  manufactured  into  tea  be- 
fore the  fourth  year ;  and  the  plant  is  not  at  its 
full  power  of  bearing  before  the  sixth  year.  Now 
the  proportion  of  tea  plant  in  Assam  of  four 
years  and  upwards  is  very  much  greater  than  in 
Cachar  and  Darjeeling;  indeed,  in  the  last-named 


district,  little  or  none  of  the  plant  has  come  to 
full  maturity  :  ^hence  the  small  yield  represented 
by  the  cultivation  in  that  district. 

Three  hundred  pounds  of  tea,  from  an  acre  of 
well-grown  plant,  will  be  about  a  fair  average. 
It  will  therefore  appear,  that  the  figures  in  the 
Edinburgh  Review  do  not  represent  half  what  the 
present  cultivation  in  Assam  will  produce  three 
or  four  years  hence.  E.  M.  D. 


•  ;!:}  r,-d  oiiv/  f 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

Words  and  Places  :  or,  Etymological  Ilhtstrations  of  His- 
tory, Ethnology,  and  Geography.  By  the  Rev.  Isaac 
Taylor,  M.A.  (Macmillan.) 

The  reader  must  not  suppose  that  the  present  work 
has  been  hastily  prepared,  to  meet  the  growing  want  of 
a  trustworthy  work  on  this  instructive  subject.  The 
author  tells  us  in  his  Preface,  that  ten  years  have  been 
devoted  more  or  less  to  the  collection  of  materials  for  it ; 
and  that  much  of  it  has,  during  the  last  two  years,  been 
rewritten.  Mr.  Taylor's  introductory  chapter,  showing 
the  value  of  local  names,  which  are  always  significant — 
being  either  descriptive  of  the  country,  records  of  ethno- 
logical or  historical  facts,  or  illustrative  of  the  state  of 
civilisation  or  religion  in  past  ages — is  well  calculated  to 
stimulate  the  reader  to  a  careful  perusal  of  the  entire 
book  ;  and  he  will  read  it,  amused  and  informed,  by  the 
curious  and  instructive  facts  which  Mr.  Taylor's  learning 
and  research  have  gathered  together,  and  pleased  with 
the  ingenuity  and  reasonableness  of  the  deductions  which 
he  draws  from  them.  That  we  agree  on  every  point 
with  Mr.  Taylor  can  scarcely  be  expected ;  but  we  are 
greatly  indebted  to  him  for  a  capital  book — one  in  which 
the  authorities  are  honestly  quoted,  and  one  which  is 
moreover  enriched  by  an  admirable  Bibliographical  List 
of  Works  upon  the  subject ;  some  useful  appendices,  and 
a  copious  Index  of  local  names;  and  another  equally 
copious  of  the  various  points  discussed  and  matters 
introduced. 

The  Book  of  Job,  as  expounded  to  his  Cambridge  Pupils,  by 
the  late  H.  H.  Bernard,  Op.  D.,  M.A.,  &c.  £c.  Edited, 
with  a  Translation  and  Additional  Notes,  by  F.  Chance, 
B.A.,  M.B.,  &c.  &c.  Vol.  I.  (London :  Hamilton  and 
Adams.) 

Worthy  Mr.  Bernard  has  not  been  fortunate  in  his  ad- 
mirer and  editor.  The  personal  gossip  with  which 
Mr.  Chance  fills  his  pages  dilutes  his  author's  meaning, 
wearies  his  reader's  patience,  and  makes  one  regret  the 
old  days  when  scholars  wrote  in  Latin,  and  compressed 
into  one  terse  sentence  what  Mr.  Chance,  and  many  like 
him,  would  spread  over  an  octavo  page. 

Litcasta.  The  Poems  of  Richard  Lovelace,  Esq.  Now 
first  edited,  and  the  Text  carefully  revised,  with  some 
Account  of  tlie  Author,  and  a  few  Notes.  By  W.  Carew 
Hazlitt.  (J.  R.  Smith.) 

There  are  few  of  our  readers  who  do  not  know  some 
three  or  four  of  the  choicest  effusions  of  Lovelace's  muse; 
but  we  have  no  doubt  that  there  are  many  whose  know- 
ledge of  the  writings  of  the  author  of  Lucasta  is  limited 
to  those  well-known  lyrics.  Mr.  Carew  Hazlitt,  who  is 
coming  forward  as  an  active  and  intelligent  editor  of  our 
older  writers,  has  just  issued  an  edition  of  Lovelace's 
Works  much  more  complete  than  the  reprint  edited  some 
years  since  by  the  late  Mr.  Singer,  and  has  thus  placed  the 


206 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


.  V.  MAR.  5,  '64. 


effusions  of  this  gallant  Cavalier  within  the  reach  of  all. 
Mr.  Hazlitt  has  bestowed  considerable  attention  with  the 
text,  which  has  hitherto  been  very  incorrectly  printed ; 
and  has  taken  pains  to  clear  up  some  of  the  obscure  points 
in  the  poet's  life ;  but  his  efforts  in  the  latter  case  have 
not  been  attended  with  the  success  which  he  deserved. 

A.  Dictionary  of  the  Bible;  containing  Antiquities,  Bio- 
graphy, Geography,  and  Natural  History.     By  Various 
Writers.     Edited  by   William  Smith,   LL.D.      To   be 
completed  in  25  Parts.     Part  XII.     (Murray.) 
This  is  the  first  monthly  Part  of  the  Second  Volume 
of  Dr.  Smith's  Dictionary  of  the  Bible.    As  it  is  a  book 
which  may  be  considered  indispensable  to  all   biblical 
students,  we  congratulate  those  who  find  it  convenient  to 
take  the  work  in,  in  monthly  parts,  and  who  did  in  this 
way  place  the  first  volume  on  their  shelves,  upon  the  ap- 
pearance of  this  first  monthly  issue  of  the  second  volume, 
which   exhibits    in  the  various    articles    the   learning, 
research,  boldness,  and  candour  for  which  the  first  volume 
was  distinguished. 

JAMES  DAVIDSOX,  ESQ.,  OF  AXMINSTER. — It  is  with 
feelings  of  deep  regret  that  we  announce  the  decease,  on 
the  29th  ult.,  of  one  of  our  constant  and  earliest  con- 
tributors. As  an  antiquary,  his  careful  accuracy,  com- 
bined with  deep  research  and  learning,  rendered  his 
communications  of  more  than  ordinary  value.  His  His- 
tory of  Axminster  Church,  and  of  Newenham  Abbey,  are 
both  well  known,  but  his  most  useful  work,  The  Biblio- 
theca  Devoniensis  (to  which  he  had  recently  published  a 
Supplement),  is  one  which  must  cause  all  future  students 
of  the  history  or  antiquities  of  Devon  to  esteem  his 
memory.  Though  of  somewhat  retiring  habits,  the 
freedom  with  which  he  communicated  his  vast  stores  of 
information  to  others,  and  his  general  courtesy,  endeared 
him  to  a  large  circle  of  literary  friends. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

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OB-BRVATIONS  ON  BURDY  s  LIFE  OP  THB  REV.  PHILIP  SKBLTON.  Dublin, 

1794,  limo. 

A  VINDICATION  OP  BURDY'S  LIFE  OP  SKBJWON.    Dublin,  1795,  12mo. 
Wanted  by  Rev.  B.  H.  Blacker,  Rokeby,  Blackrock,  Dublin. 

THB  LONDOX  GIZHTTB,  1724—1741,  1747—1754,  1845-1855.  The  Library 
has  duplicates,  1768—1818,  half  calf.  1857-1&'>9  unbound,  portions  of 
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Wanted  by  the  Librarian,  University  Library,  Cambridge. 

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A 


N  APPEAL  TO  THE  PATRONS  OF  LITERA- 
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public, 


been  suddenly  precipitated,  through  misplaced  confidence,  and  subse- 
quent seizure  of  all  he  possessed  (aggravated  by  illness),  into  so  helpless 
a  condition  as  to  necessitate  immediate  relief  to  save  him  from  ruin, 
and  enable  him  to  resume  his  numerous  labours. 

I  sincerely  hope  that  those  who  interest  themselves  in  the  struggles  of 
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II 


EDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine   Merchants,    &c. 

recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:  — 

Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24*. 

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White  Bordeaux  24s.  and  30s.  per  doz. 

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intage  1840 84s.       „ 

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all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

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other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  doz.; 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 


E 


AU-DE- VIE.— This  pure  PALE  BRANDY,  18*. 

per  gallon,  is  peculiarly  free  from  acidity,  and  very  superior  to 
recent  importations  of  Cognac.  In  French  bottles,  38s.  per  doz.;  or  in 
a  case  for  the  country,  39s. .railway  carriage  paid.  No  agents,  and  to 
be  obtained  only  of  HENRY  BRETT  &  CO.,  old  FurnivaJ's  Distillery, 
Holborn.E.C.,  and  30,  Regent  fetreet,  Waterloo  Place,  S.W.,  London, 
Prices  Current  free  on  application. 

DIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

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BOND'S     PERMANENT    MARKING    INK.— 
The  original  invention,  established  1821,  for  marking  CRESTS, 
NAMES,  INITIALS,  upon  household  linen,  wearing  apparel,  &c. 

N.B — Owing  to  the  great  repute  in  which  this  Ink  i*  held  by  families, 
outfitters,  &c.,  inferior  imitations  are  often  sold  to  the  public,  which  do 
not  possess  any  of  its  celebrated  qualities.  Purchasers  should  there- 
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STREET  WITHIN,  E.C..  without  which  the  Ink  is  not  genuine. 
Sold  by  all  respectable  chemists,  stationers,  &c.,  in  the  United  King- 
dom, price  Is.  per  bottle;  no  6d.  size  ever  made. 

N  OTIC  fc.— REMOVED  from  28,  Long  Lane  (where  it  has  been 
established  nearly  half  a  century),  to 

10,  BISHOPSGATE  STREET  WITHIN,  E.C. 

BROWN  AND  POLSON'S 

pATENT     CORN      FLOUR, 

GUARANTEED   PERFECTLY   PURE, 

is  a  favourite 
DIET  FOR  CHILDREN, 


For  PUDD 


and  much  approved 


CUSTARDS,  &c. 


3rd  S.  V.  MAK.  5,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842.  \TORTH  BRITISH   AND  MERCANTILE 

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Annual  Revenue 4422,401 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  R.  E.Howard,  D.C.L. 
James  Hunt,  Esq. 
John  Leigh,  Esq. 
Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 


F.B.  Marson.Esq. 

E.  Vansittart  Neale,  Esq.,  M.  A. 

Bonamy  Price,  Esq.,  M. A. 

Jas.LjsSeager.Esq. 

Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 

John  B.  White,  Esq. 


Geo.  H.  Drew,  Esq., 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.  Goodhart,  Esq.,  J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,M.P. 

peter  Hood,  Esq. 

Henry  Wilbraham.Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary.— Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
Cn^LE  by  whFch  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
Dermission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society's  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  win  DC 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  Tt>e  observed,  that  the  Kates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies.  . 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  tne  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MKDICAL  MEN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for,  their  Reports  to  the 


Society. 
C 


Co  old  lives,  are  liberal.  _  _ 

Now  ready,  price  14s. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 

O  S  T  E  O      E  I  D  O  Iff. 

Patent.March  1,  1862,  No.  560. 

/GABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH   and 

VT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
theusualcosts.  ^^  GABRIEL, 

THE  OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 
87,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London; 

134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinioDbot  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "Gabriels  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth/'    Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 


P 


LOCKS    and  FIREPROOF  SAFES, 


J  with  all  the  newest  improvements.    Street-door  Latches,  Cash  and 
Deed  Boxes.    Full  illustrat.  d  price  lists  sent  free. 
CHUBB  &  SON,  57,  St.  Paul's  Churchyard,  London;  27,  Lord  Street, 

Liverpool;   16,  Market  Street,  Manchester;  and  Horseley  Fields, 

Wolverhampton. 

STARCH  MANUFACTURERS 
TO  H.R.H.  THE  PRINCESS  OF  WALES. 

/^LENFIELD     PATENT     STARCH, 

\T  Used  in  the  Royal  Laundry, 

And  awarded  the  Prize  Medal,  1862. 
Sold  by  all  Grocers,  Chandlers,  &c.,  &c. 

HOLLOW  AY'S  PILLS.—  CONFIDENTIAL  ADVICE. 
To  all  persons  who  suffer  from  bilious  headaches,  disordered 
stomach,  biliousness,  or  flatulency,  these  Pills  are  most  strongly  recom- 
mended as  the  safest,  best,  and  quickest  mode  of  obtaining  ease,  without 
weakening  or  irritating  the  nervous  system.  Holloway's  Pills  are 
esptcially  useful  in  clearing  away  any  excess  of  bile,  which  usually  pro- 
duces fever,  unless  remedial  measures  be  adopted  without  delay.  In 
asthma,  bronchitis,  and  congestion  of  the  lungs,  they  may  be  relied 
upon  tor  removing  all  danger.  And,  by  purifying  and  regulating  the 
circulation,  they  effectually  prevent  relapses.  By  rousing  the  liver  to  a 
fair  secretion  of  bile,  and  quickly  carrying  it  from  the  system,  these 
IMlls  ward  off  low  spirits,  listlessness,  and  those  distressing  feelings 


A.  De  Arroyave,  Esq. 
Edward  Cohen,  Esq. 
James  Du  Buisson.  Esq. 
P.  Du  Pre"  Grenfell.  Esq. 
A.  Klockmann,  Esq. 


LONDON  BOARD. 

JOHlf  WHITE  CATER,  Esq.,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  MORRISON,  Esq.,  Deputy-Chairman 

John  Mollett,  Esq. 
Junius  S.  Morgan,  Esq. 
G.  Garden  Nicol,  Esq. 
John  H.  Wm.  Schroder,  Esq. 
George  Young,  Esq. 

Ex-DlKECTOKS. 

A.  H.  Campbell,  Esq.  I  P.  P.  Ralli.Esq. 

P.  C.  Cavan,  Esq.  I  Robert  Smith,  Esq. 

Frederic  Somes,  Esq. 

Manager  of  Fire  Department— George  H.  Whyting. 
Superintendent  of  Foreign  Department— G.  H.  Burnett. 

Secretary— F.  W.  Lance. 
General  Manager— David  Smith. 

FIRE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  Company  grants  Insurances  against  Fire  in  the  United  King- 
dom, and  all  Foreign  Countries. 

Mercantile  risks  in  the  Port  of  London  accepted  at  reduced  rates. 

Losses  promptly  and  liberally  settled. 

Foreign  Risks. — The  Directors  having  a  practical  knowledge  of 
Foreign  Countries  are  prepared  to  issue  Policies  on  the  most  favour- 
able terms.  In  all  cases  a  discount  will  be  allowed  to  Merchants  and 
others  effecting  such  insurances. 

LIFE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  following  Statement  exhibits  the  improvement  effected  daring 
the  last  few  years :  - 

No.  of  Policies         Sums.  Premiums. 

«.  £.     8.  d. 


1861 

1862 


455 
605 
741 
785 
1,037 


377,425 
449,913 
475,649 
527,626 
768,334 


12,565  18  8 

14.070  1  6 

14.071  17  7 
16,553  2  9 
23,641  0  0 


Thus  in  five  years  the  number  of  Policies  issued  was  3,623,  assuring 
the  large  sum  of  2,928,947?. 

The  leading  features  of  the  Office  are  ;— 

1.  Entire  Security  to  Assurers. 

2.  The  large  Bonus  Additions  already  declared,  and  the  prospect  of* 


further  Bonus  at  the  next  investigation. 

the  varied  Tables  of  Premiums—  unre- 
stricted conditions  of  Policies—  and  general  liberality  in  dealing  with 


. 
3.  The  advantages  afforded  by  the  varied  Tables  of  Premiums—  unr 


Forms  of  Proposal  and  every  information  will  be  furnished  on  appli- 
cation at  the 

Head  Offices  :  LONDON  ..........  58,  Threadneedle  Street. 

4.  New  Bank-  buildings. 
EDINBURGH  ......  64,  Princes  Street. 

WEST-END  OFFICE  :  8,  WATERLOO-PLACE,  Pall  Mall. 


TVEBENTURES  at  5,  5i,  and  e  PER  CENT., 

JL/    CEYLON  COMPANY,  LIMITED.  Subscribed  Capital,  *360,000. 


Lawford  Acland,  Esq.,  Chairman. 
Major-General     Henry    Pelham 

Burn,  C.B. 

Harry  George  Gordon,  Esq. 
George  Ireland,  Esq. 


Duncan  James  Kay,  Esq. 
Stephen  P.  Kennard,  Esq. 
Patrick  F.  Robertson,  Esq. 
Robert  Smith,  Esq. 
Sir  S.  Villiers  Surtees,  K.B. 


MANAGER— C.  J.  Braine,  Esq. 

The  Directors  are  prepared  to  issue  Debentures  for  one,  three,  and 
five  years,  at  5, 5j,  and  6  per  cent,  respectively.  They  are  also  prepared 
to  invest  money  or  mortgage  in  Ceylon  and  Mauritius,  either  with  or 
without  the  Guarantee  of  the  Company,  as  may  be  arranged. 

Applications  for  particulars  to  be  made  at  the  Office  of  the  Company, 
No.  12,  Leadenhall  street,  London,  B.C. 

By  Order,  JOHN  ANDERSON,  Secretary. 

SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 
"THE    ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERKINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
should  see  that  LEA  &  PERRIN8'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 
Bottle,  and  Stopper. 

ASK  FOB  LEA  AND  PEBBINS'  SAUCE. 


***  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the 


MESSRS.  CROSSE  and  BLACK.WELL,  MESS: 

SONS,  London,  Ac.,  Sec.  ?  and  by  Grocers  and  Oilmen  universally. 


rietors,  Worcester; 
BARCLAY  and 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES.  [3*  s.  v.  MAR. 


"  THE  STORY  OF  OUR  LIVES  FROM  YEAR  TO  YEAR."- 
WOW     READY, 

THE    TENTH    VOLUME 

OF 

ALL     THE     YEAR     BOUND, 

CONDUCTED    BY    CHARLES    DICKENS, 

Price  5s.  6e£,  bound  in  cloth,  comprising  the  conclusion  of 
VERY  HARD   CASH,  BY  CHARLES  READE,  D.C.L. 
A  WHITE  HAND  AND  A  BLACK  THUMB. 

THE  UNCOMMERCIAL  TRAVELLER,  a  Second  Series  of  Occasional  Papers,  by  CHARLES  DICKENS. 
MRS.  LIRRIPER'S   LODGINGS,  being  the  Christmas  Number  for  1863,  containing:  — 

How  Mrs.  Lirriper  carried  on  the  Business.  —  How  the  First  Floor  went  to  Crowley  Castle.— How  the  Side-Room  was  attended  by  a  Doctor— 

How  the  Second  Floor  kept  a  Dog — How  the  Third  Floor  knew  the  Potteries.— How  the  Best  Attic  was  under  a  Cloud 

How  the  Parlours  added  a  few  Words. 

And  Articles  on  the  following  Subjects :  — 

ADVENTURE.-Literary  Adventurers.    Ben's  Bear.  \  NATURAL  PHENOMENA.— The  recent  Earthquake  at  Manilla 

AFRICA— The  Nile  and  its  Noble  Savages.  The  Fire  Sea.    Meteoric  Stones. 


AMERICA— France  on  America   (Prince  Napoleon  in  the  United  ,   NEW  ZEALAND— A  Maori  Court-Martial.  Settled  amongthe  Maoris. 

States).    Among  the  Mormons.    For  Labrador,  Sir?    Adventures  of  POETRY— Two  Seas.    My  Neighbour.     Old  Friends,    tlod's  Acre. 

a  Federal  Recruit.  The  Glow-worm.    King  and  Queen.    The  Mill-Stream.    Genseric. 

ANTIQUITY— Dinner  in  a  Tomb  at  Thebes.    A  Classic  Toilette.  Farewell  to  the  Holy  Land.     The  Siege  of  Ravenna.    F1™-5— ' 

THE  ARMY Going  for  a  Soldier.   Military  Mismanagement.   Court-  j       Richelieu.    Story  of  the  Lightning.    Let  it  Pass! 

Martial.    Court-Martial  History.  j   POLAND.-When  Order  reigned  in  Warsaw. 

ART National  Portraits.    Paris  Picture  Auctions.    The  Shop-side  of  POOR  LAW — Is  Union  Strength?  (A  Workhouse). 

Art.  RUSSIA— Starting  for  Siberia.    Visit  to  a  Russian  Prison .    1 

AUSTRALIA.— England  over  the  Water.  Cassecruche's  Inspiration. 

CHINA— China  Ornaments.  SLA.NG — Deprivations  of  English. 

CHIROMANCY— Give  me  your  Hand  !  j   SOCIAL  LIFE  AND  MANNERS— Country  Cottages.    Poii 

CIVIL  SERVICE— Competition  Wallahs.  Needle  (Dressmaker's  Life).  A  Handful  of  Humbugs.   Kens 


ANTIQUITY— Dinner  in  a  Tomb  at  Thebes.    A  Classic  Toilette.  Farewell  to  the  Holy  Land.     The  Siege  of  Ravenna.    Florimel . 

THE  ARMY Going  for  a  Soldier.   Military  Mismanagement.   Court-   j       Richelieu.    Story  of  the  Lightning.    Let  it  Pass! 

Martial.    Court-Martial  History.  j  POLAND.-When  Order  reigned  in  Warsaw. 

ART National  Portraits.    Paris  Picture  Auctions.    The  Shop-side  of  POOR  LAW — Is  Union  Strength?  (A  Workhouse). 

Art.  RUSSIA— Starting  for  Siberia.    Visit  to  a  Russian  Prison .    Monsieu 
AUSTRALIA— England  over  the  Water.  Cassecruche's  Inspiration. 

:HINA— China  Ornaments.  SLANG.— Deprivations  of  English. 

rint  of  the 

CRIME— Case'for  the  Prosecution.    Case  for  the  Prisoner  (Highway-  I      (Cemetery).    The  Business  of  Pleasure ^  (A~GreenwichTTavern  and 
men's  Adventures).    Watching  at  the  Gate  (Toulon).  Cremorne  Gardens).    Silent  Highwaymen.    A  complete  Gentleman. 

THE  DRAMA— Parisian  Romans  (Claqueurs).    A  New  Stage  Stride.   |      Paint  and  Varnish.    A  Trial  of  Jewry.    Fetters. 

"    -  .    Mr.  Will  in  the  Forest  of  Hyde  Park.  |  STORIES— Drawing  a  Badger.   The  Polish  Deserter.    Number  Sixty - 

-Can  you  Ride  ?  (The  Mechanical  Horse).  Eight.    Making  Free  with  a  Chief.    Tipping  the  Teapot.    Iron  Pigs 

errings  in  the  Law's  Net  (The  Law  of  Net  Fishing).      !      at  a  Pic-Nic.   Irish  Stew.  A  Near  Shave.   Mop  Alley.   New  Orleans. 

' — Romances  of  the  Scaffold.  The  Cage  at  Cranford.  Between  two  Fires.  Too  Hard  upon  my  Aunt. 

INDIA — Something  to  be  done  in  India  (Water  and  Drainage).    Yes-    I       An  American  Mocking-Bird  in  London.  The  Real  Murderer.  Aboard 

Hand  To-day  in  India.    The  Indirect  Route.     The  Bengal         the  Eveleen  Brown.    Turning  Over  a  New  Leaf.    The  Cardinal's 
.    Indian  Railways.  Walking-Stick.    Shadowy  Misgivings.  The  Agger  Fiord.  Brancher. 

ALISM— The  Pawnbrokers'  Gazette.     The   Police   Gazette   !      Pincher  Astray, 

ing  Extraordinary).  SUPERSTITIONS  AND  DELUSIONS— Eatable  Ghosts.     Appari- 

EVITY Wonderful  Men.  tions.  Breton  Legends.  A  Monotonous  "  Sensation."  Brain  Spectres. 

._  SIC.— A  French  Hand  on  the  Piano.  Musical  Physiognomies.  Bards  TOPOGRAPHY— Derivations  of  the  Names  of  Rivers.    On  the  South 
in  Railway  Times  (The  Eisteddfod).    Going  to  Chappell  (Nursery         Coast. 

Ballads).  THE  UNCOMMERCIAL  TRAVELLER— At  a  Dockyard:  A  Visit 
NATURAL  HISTORY— Kites.    Sand  Grouse.    Herons.    Rooks  and  i       to  the  Achilles  Iron  Ship.    French  Flemish  Life.    At  Monsieur  P. 
Herons.    Vermicularities.    Don't  Kill  your  Servants  (Vermin  and  '•       Salcy's  Theatre.    A  French  Flemish  Fair.    Upon  Funerals.  Titbull's 
Birds).    Cocks  and  Hens.     Laughing  Gulls.    Trifles  from  Ceylon.          Almshouses. 
Popular  Names  of  British  Plants.    Plant  Signatures. 


Securely  bound  in  newly  designed  covers,  and  gilt  edged,  price  Three  Pounds, 

THE  TEN  VOLUMES  OF  ALL  THE  YEAR  ROUND, 

Completed  since  the  Miscellany  was  commenced.     With  a  General  Index  to  afford  easy  reference  to  every 

article  in  the  Work.    The  Contents  include 
I.     The  following  NOVELS   and  TALES   complete :  — 


1  and  2.    A  TALE  OF  TWO  CITIES,  by  CHARLES  DICKENS. 

2  ..    3.    THE  WOMAN  IN  WHITE,  by  WILUIE  COLLINS. 

3  ..    4.    HUNTED   DOWN,  by   CKABLF.S    DICKENS;  and  A  DAY'S 


NO  NAME,  by  WILKIE  COL-INS. 

A    DARK    NIGHT'S    WORK,     by    the    AUTHORESS     of 
"  MARY  BARTON." 


RIDE:  a  Life's  Romance,  by  CHARLES  LEVER.  9     ..  10.    VERY   HARD   CASH,  by  CHARLES  READE,    D.C.L. ;  and 

4.    ..    5.    GREAT  EXPECTATIONS,  by  CHARLES  DICKEM.  A   WHITE    HAND    AND    A    BLACK    THUMB,    by 

6    ..    7.    A  STRANGE  STORY,  by  SIR  EDWARD  BPLWER  LYTTON.      I  HENRY  SI-ICER. 

II.    THE  UNCOMMERCIAL  TRAVELLER;  Two  Series  of  Descriptive  Essays,  by  CHARLES  DICKENS. 

III.    FIVE  CHRISTMAS  NUMBERS;  and 
IV.    A  COLLECTION  OF  MISCELLANEOUS  ARTICLES  on  the  most  prominent  Topics,  British  and  Foreign,  that  form  the  Social 

History  of  the  past  Five  Years. 
Single   Volumes  and  Covers  of  this  Set,  and  the  General  Index,  may  be  had  separately. 


Volume  XI.  begins  with  a  NEW   SERIAL  STORY,  entitled 

QUITE     ALONE, 
By    GEORGE    AUGUSTUS    SALA. 

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No.  115. 


SATURDAY,  MARCH  12,  1864. 


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NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


207 


LOXDOX,  SATURDAY,  MARCH  12,  1864. 


CONTENTS. —No.  115. 

NOTES:  — Sir  Walter  Raleigh:  Additional  Papers,  207  — 
Cornish  Proverbs,  208  — Modern  Folk  Ballads,  209— Lord 
Buthven,  210  — Destruction  of  the  Titans  and  Dragons, 
and  Origin  of  the  Vine,  16.  —  Illegitimate  Children  of  King 
Charles  II.  — Lord,  Lady:  their  Derivation— The  Value 
of  a  Daily  Paper  in  1741  — Towt,  Towter  —  Execution  of 
Anne  Boleyn  —  Schleswig-Holstein,  211 

QUERIES :  —  Ancestor  Worship  —  Hugh  Branham  —  A 
Bull  of  Burke's  —  Cambridge  Villages  —  James  Gumming, 
F.S.  A.  —  Haydn's  Canzonets  —  Heraldic  —  Sir  John  Jacob, 
Knt.  —  Latin  Quotation — Meccah  —  George  Poulet — Rev. 
Christopher  Richardson  —  Rotation  Office— Rapier  —  San- 
croft  — John  Sargent,  Esq. — Dr.  Jacob  Serenius,  212. 

QTJEBIES  WITH  ANSWEES  :  —  The  Ministerial  Wooden 
Spoon— Bishop  Barnaby  Potter  —  William  Spence  — Sir 
John  Calf  —  Becanceld  or  Beccanceld  —  War  of  Inves- 
tures,  214. 

REPLIES :  —  Publication  of  Diaries,  215  —  Talleyrand's 
Maxim,  216— Posterity  of  Harold  II.,  King  of  England, 
217  — Trials  of  Animals,  218  — Lewis  Morris,  219  — Whit- 
more  Family  —  Trousers  —  Harriet  Livermore  —  Digby 
Motto  —  Female  Fools  —  The  Sea  of  Glass  —  The  Order  of 
the  Ship  in  France  —  Oath  "  Ex  Officio  "  —  The  Verb  "  to 
Liquor f'  —  Customs  of  Scotland— William  Dell,  D.D.— 
Martin— The  First  Paper  Mill  in  America  —  Giants  and 
Dwarfs  —  Austrian  Motto:  the  Five  Vowels  —  Common 
Law  — St.  Mary  Miatfelon  — Grumbald  Hold— Dr.  John 
Wigan— Comic  Songs  translated— Inquisitions  v.  Visita- 
tions— Natter,  220. 


SIR  WALTER  RALEIGH.    ADDITIONAL  PAPERS. 

I  continue  the  extracts  from  my  miscellaneous 
papers  regarding  Sir  Walter  Raleigh.  I  am  not 
able  to  arrange  them  with  precision  as  to  the 
dates,  but,  as  in  the  former  instances,  those  readers 
of  "  N.  &  Q."  who  are  acquainted  with  the  main 
incidents  of  his  career  will  not  find  any  difficulty 
in  this  respect. 

[Indorsed  by  Lord  Burghley]  "21  Decemb.  1587. 
S*  Walter  Ralegh  letter  of  2000  foote  and  200  horse  in 
Dev.  and  Cornwall. 

Addressed  «  To  the  Right  honorable  my  singular  good 
L.  the  L.  highe  Tresourer  of  Ingland." 

I*  My  singuler  good  Lorde  accordinge  to  your  Lord- 
ships and  the  rest  of  my  Lords  directions,  I  have  attended 
the  Earle  of  Bath,  and  conferred  with  the  deputes  of 
Devon  and  the  Citty  of  Exon  for  the  drawinge  to  gether, 
of  2000  foote  and  200  horse,  and  I  finde  great  difference 
>f  oppinion  amonge  them :  sume  are  of  oppinion  that  this 
burden  wilbe  grevous  unto  the  countrey,  standinge  att 
this  tyme  voyde  of  all  trafique,  the  subside  not  beinge 
yet  gathered,  and  the  past  musters  having  byn  very 
chargeable.  S*  John  Gilbert,  S'  Richard  Grenvile,  and 

e  .fcarle  hymsealf,  beinge  more  zelous  both  in  religion 
and  her  majesties  service,  who  have  always  founde  a 
reddy  disposition  in  their  devisions,  and  willingnes  to 
beare  what  so  ever  shalbe  thought  meet  for  her  majesties 
service  by  the  people,  ar  of  oppinion  that  the  matter  and 
service  wilbe  very  fesible.  It  is  most  asured  that  the 

Jefull  usage  of  the  action  by  the  deputes  in  their  severall 

isions  will  easely  induce  the  inferior  sort  to  what 

er  shalbe  thought  necessary  for  her  majesties  saufty 

and  their  own  defence :  but  sume  other  of  the  commishion 


of  Devon  (in  my  conscience  before  the  Lorde)  beinge 
both  infected  in  religion  and  vehemently  malcontent, 
who  by  how  much  the  more  they  are  temperat,  by  so 
much  the  more  dangerous,  are  secreatly  great  hinderance 
of  all  actions  tendinge  to  the  good  of  her  majesty  or  saufty 
of  the  present  state.  Tho  men  make  doubt  that  your 
honor's  instructions  alone  ar  not  sufficient  and  saufe 
warrant  for  their  discharge ;  and  that  if  any  refuse  to 
contribute  they  see  not  by  what  they  should  be  inforsed, 
with  a  thowsand  dilatory  cavelations.  For  myne  own 
oppinion,  under  your  L.  correction,  if  it  might  notwith- 
standing stande  with  her  majesties  likinge  to  beare  the 
one  halfe  of  the  charge,  being  great,  it  would  be  very 
consonant  to  all  good  pollicy ;  and  the  countrey,  as  I  judge, 
will  willingly  defray  the  rest,  which,  onles  ther  wear 
ministers  of  other  disposition  will  not  be  so  saufly  and 
easely  brought  to  effect.  I  have  sent  your  Lordshipe  an 
estimate  of  the  whole,  with  which  I  humble  pray  your  L. 
to  acquaynt  her  majesty,  and  not  otherwise  to  impart  my 
letter,  because  I  am  bold  to  write  my  simple  oppinion 
playnly  unto  your  Lordshipe,  the  same  beinge,  as  the 
Lord  doth  judge,  without  respect  or  parciallity,  havinge 
vowed  my  travaile  and  life  to  her  majesties  service  only 
and  for  ever. 

"  I  have  writen  to  the  deputes  of  Cornwall,  and  am 
reddy  to  repaire  thither  withall  dilligence,  and  to  per- 
forme  the  rest  of  hir  majesties  command  geven  mee  in 
charge  by  your  Lordshipe. 

"  And  yeven  so,  humble  cummendyng  my  service  unto 
your  Lordshipe  favorable  construction,  I  take  my  leve. 
from  Exon  this  xx  of  December. 

"  Your  L.  to  do  you  all  honor  and  service, 

«  W.  RALKOH. 

"  The  Cittisens  of  Exter  as  yet 
refuse  to  beare  such  part  as  was 
thought  meet  by  the  levetenants 
of  Devon  and  the  rest." 

[In  an  Account  entitled  "  Extraordinarie  pai- 
ments  out  of  the  Receipt,  from  our  Ladie  dale 
1587,  until  Michas  followinge,"  occurs  this  item: 

"  18  Junij  1587.    To  Sr  Walter  Raleigh  to  be  imploied 
accordinge  to  hir  Majesties  direction        .        .    M.  MH.] 
(Indorsed  by  Raleigh),  "  Order  for  the  puttinge  in  red- 
dines  of  2000,  footmen  accordinge  to  your  honor's  direc- 
tions. 

f  Sr  R.  Grenvill  with  his  Band  of  .    300 

2000    men    un-    Richard  Carew  with  his      ...    300 

der  captayns    Sr  John  Arrundell  with  his     .    .    200 

to  repaire  to    M'  Bevill  with  his 200 

the  Court  or  •{  The  provost  marshal  1  John  Wrey  200 
elsewher  with  Thomas  Lower  with  his  ....  200 
my  L.  direc-  Tristram  Arcote  with  his  ...  200 
tions.  John  Trelany  with  hia  .  .  .  .  200 

.John  Reskener  with  his .    .    .    .    200 

"  Wee  have  apoynted  4  waynes  to  each  hundred,  and 
vitles  for  fourteen  dayes,  and  wee  accompt  to  mount  the 
one  half  on  hacknes  for  expedition :  wee  provide  tooles 
for  200  pioners,  as  well  for  our  own  incampinge  as  to 
serve  her  majesty  in  her  camp  reall.  Also  wee  have 
ordayned  a  cornet  of  horsmen  to  be  in  reddines,  if  your 
honours  shall  command  the  same,  to  be  added  to  this 
2000  footmen  ;  and  if  I  shall  not  be  commanded  down  mv 
sealf,  I  have  thought  good  to  direct  Sr  Richard  Grenvill 
to  have  the  conduction  of  this  regetnent  to  bringe  them 
to  the  campe,  wher  after  your  honours  may  otherwise 
dispose  of  the  charge,  as  it  shall  best  like  your  wisdomes. 
"  Your  honors  humble  att  cummand, 

"  W.  RALEGH." 


208 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3pd  S.  V.  MAR.  12,  »64. 


Indorsed  "  xiiijth  September,  1588.  M.  for  stay  of  al 
shipping  upon  the  north  coaste  of  Devon  and  Cornwall 
To  Sr  Rich.  Grenvill.  Entred. 

«  R.  Tr.  and  welb.  we  grete  you  well.  Wher  we  hav 
some  occasion  offred  to  us,  by  reason  of  certen  shippes 
part  of  the  Spa.  Armada,  that  coming  about  Scotland  a 
dryven  to  sondry  portes  in  the  west  of  Ireland,  to  put  in 
redynes  some  forces  to  be  sent  into  Ireland  as  farder  oc- 
casion shall  be  gyven  us,  which  we  meane  to  be  shippe< 
in  the  Ryver  of  Severn,  to  pass  from  there  to  Waterford 
or  Cork,  we  have  thought  mete  to  make  choiss  of  yow  fo 
this  service  followyng.  We  require  yow  that  upon  thi 
north  cost  of  Devon  and  Cornwall,  towardes  Severn,  yow 
make  stay  of  all  shippyng  mete  to  transport  soldiers  to 
Waterford,  and  to  gyve  chardg  that  the  same  shippes  be 
made  redy  with  Masters,  Marynors,  and  all  other  maritym 
provisions  nedefull,  so  as  upon  the  next  warning  gyven 
from  us,  or  from  our  Counsel,  they  may  be  redy  to  re- 
ceave  our  sayd  soldiors,  which  shall  be  iiic  out  of  Corne- 
wall  and  Devon,  and  iiijc  out  of  Glocester  and  Somersett- 
shire.  We  have  also  some  other  further  intention  to  use 
your  service  in  Ireland  with  these  shippes  aforsayd, 
wherof  Sr  Walter  Ralegh,  Knight,  whom  we  have  ac- 
quaynted  therewith,  shall  inform  yow,  who  also  hath  a 
disposition  for  our  service  to  pass  into  Ireland,  ether 
with  these  forces  or  before  they  shall  depart. 

The  following  is  in  Raleigh's  handwriting,  and 
is  indorsed  by  Sec.  Windebank  thus  :  "  Consider- 
ations concerning  Reprysalles  " :  — 

**  All  that  hath  or  shalbe  taken  may  be  brought  in 
question. 

"  The  pepper  of  the  last  carrecke  claymed  by  the 
Takers. 

"  The  Italians  may  as  well  clayme  the  goods  brought 
from  the  Indies. 

"  Judgments  alreddy  geven  in  this  case  of  late  for 
Bragg  and  others. 

"IftheQueene  held  her  kingdome  of  the  Venetians, 
yet  could  they  not  clayme  such  a  preheminence. 

"  The  Italiens  goods  taken  by  the  Dunkerkers  in  our 
shipps  never  by  them  claymed. 

"  The  French  never  clayme  their  goods  taken  in 
Spanishe  bottomes. 

"  The  Veneciens  are  not  ignorant  of  this  law,  for  be- 
sydes  that  it  is  a  lawe  among  all  nations,  they  have  had 
a  sute  against  Sr  John  Gilbert  this  two  yeafe  upon  the 
same  poynt. 

"  The  Kings  of  Sweden  and  Denmarke  in  their  late 
warrs  did  not  only  confiscate  all  shipps  that  came  to  the 
contrary  syde,  but  putt  people  to  the  sworde,  of  what 
nation  soever,  that  traded  with  their  enemies. 

"  The  proclamation  restraynethe  all  other  bottomes, 
and  if  question  be  made  of  the  Spanishe  shipps,  the  sea 
warr  of  our  part  is  att  an  end. 

"  The  Queene  will  lose  ten  thowsand  pound  a  yeare 
cuatome  by  this  Judgment. 

"  And  besides  the  loss  to  the  realme  of  goods  taken 
from  the  enemye,  ther  will  follow  many  inconveniences, 
as  well  the  impoverishing  of  the  enemy,  the  not  setting 
our  mariners  a  worke,  the  disuse  of  our  men  from  the 
warrs,  and  the  want  of  intelligence  dayly  gotten. 

"  It  were  strange  to  yeld  in  a  case  wher  ther  is  a 
direct  lawe  to  warrant. 

"  The  clamore  of  the  marchant  is  not  to  be  esteemed. 

"  Wee  shall  lose  more  by  leving  reprisall  than  by  the 
trade  of  Vennis. 

"  The  Venetiens  can  not  healp  us  nor  harme  us. 

\  It  is  matter  of  great  consequence  to  be  yeilded  unto. 

"  Wee  ought  to  be  curious  in  such  a  case  where  honor, 


priviledge,  and  greatnes  of  states  and  princes  are  in  ques- 
tion. 

"  It  were  strange  that  the  Queen  should  doubt  to  yeild 
that  the  Inglishe  should  not  sefch  French  bottomes,  and 
now  doubt  to  avow  good  taken  in  Spanishe  shipps  from 
Venetiens." 

J.  PAYNE  COLLIER. 


CORNISH  PROVERBS. 

Whilst  the  study  of  the  provincial  dialects  has 
greatly  increased  during  the  past  half  century, 
that  of  local  proverbs  still  remains  almost  totally 
neglected.  In  the  hope  of  calling  attention  to 
this  comparatively  new  pursuit,  and  showing  how 
large  a  number  can  be  gleaned  even  from  one 
county,  I  send  you  this,  the  first  part  of  a  col- 
lection, and  with  your  permission  others  shall  fol- 
low:— 

I.   CORNISH   PROVERBIAL  RHYMES. 

1.  He  that  hurts  robin  or  wren, 
Will  never  prosper  boy  nor  man. 

In  the  vulgar  pronunciation,  .the  rhyme  is  at- 
tained by  a  long  d,  man.  See  also  the  next 
example  :  — 

2.  By  Tre,  Pol,  and  Pen, 
Ros,  Caer  and  Lan, 

You  shall  know  all  Cornish  men. 

The  second  line  of  this  old  saw  is  frequently 
omitted,  and  certainly  the  prefixes  mentioned  in 
it  are  not  so  common  as  those  contained  in  the 
preceding  line.  The  antiquity  of  this  saying  may 
be  gathered  from  the  fact  that,  in  Andrew  Borde's 
Book  of  Knowledge  (1542)  occur  these  lines  — 

"  My  bedaver  wyl  to  London  to  try  the  law, 
To  sue  Tre,  Pol,  and  Pen  for  wagging  of  a  straw." 

3.  Better  a  clout  than  a  hole  out. 

4.  More  rain,  more  rest ;  more  water  will  suit  the 

ducks  best. 

The  following  distich  refers  to  magpies :  — 

5.  One  for  sorrow,  two  for  mirth, 
Three  for  a  wedding,  four  for  a  birth. 

MR.  COUCH,  in  his  Folk  Lore  of  a  Cornish  Vil- 
age  ("N  &  Q."  1st  S.  xii.  37),  has  made  the 
trange  substitution  of  death  for  birth. 

6.  Cornwall  will  bear  a  shower  every  day, 

And  two  on  Sunday. 

7.  A  Scilly  ling  is  a  dish  for  a  king.   ' 

8.  Cross  a  stile,  and  a  gate  hard  by, 
You'll  be  a  widow  before  you  die. 

9.  The  mistress  of  the  mill 

May  say  and  do  what  she  will. 
10.  One  is  a  play,  and  two  is  a  gay  [a  toy]. 

Mr.  Halliwell,  in  his  Dictionary  of  Archaic 
Vords,  quotes  the  following  passage  :  — 

As  if  a  thiefe  should  be  proud  of  his  halter,  a  beggar 
F  his  cloutes,  a  child  of  his  gay,,  or  a  fool  of  his  bable." — 
)ent's  Pathway,  p.  40. 


3'd  S.  V.  MAR.  12,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


209 


11.  A  Saturday  or  a  Sunday  moon 
Comes  once  in  seven  years  too  soon. 

This  proverb,  slightly  varied,  appears  to  be  cur- 
rent in  several  counties  of  England  as  well  as  in 
the  Lowlands.     Cf.  "N.  &  Q."  2nd  S.  ii.  516; 
iii.  58. 
12.  With  one  child  you  may  walk,  with  two  you  may 

ride; 
When  you  have  three  at  home  you  must  bide. 

13.  Like  a  ribbon  double-dyed, 
Never  worn  and  never  tried. 

14.  Rain,  rain,  go  to  Spain, 

And  come  again  another  day ; 
When  I  brew,  when  I  bake, 
You  shall  have  a  figgy  cake, 
And  a  glass  of  brandy. 

With  the  lower  classes  of  the  Cornish,  a  "  plum 
pudding  "  and  a  "  plum  cake  "  are  changed  into 
*'  %e7  pudding  and  cake."  Those,  however,  who 
wish  to  be  more  correct,  alter  the  fourth  line  into 
"  You  shall  have  a  piece  of  cake." 

P.  W.  TREPOLPEN. 


MODERN  FOLK  BALLADS. 

In  former  days  almost  every  event  that  at- 
tracted popular  attention  was  versified  in  rude 
fashion  by  some  rustic  poet,  and  the  ballad  was 
the  common  song  of  the  lower  classes.  These 
quaint  old  effusions  have  now  become  nearly  ob- 
solete; and  you  hear  instead  snatches  of  negro 
melodies,  or  songs  from  farces  or  comic  enter- 
tainments, wherever  you  go,  but  rarely  anything 
like  the  old  "  folk  poetry." 

A  short  time  ago,  taking  a  long  run  out  to  sea 
with  some  of  the  boatmen  from  Ramsgate — who 
I  should  say,  par  parenthese,  are  generally  very 
civil  and  intelligent  men — several  of  the  usual 
tales  about  smuggling  were  narrated  to  me. 
Among  the  rest  was  the  story  I  venture  to  relate 
below.  I  was  also  told  a  ballad  had  been  written 
on  the  subject  by  some  of  the  fishermen,  which 
was  often  sung  by  them ;  and  a  "  very  touching 
song  it  is,"  my  informant  said.  With  some 
difficulty,  a  copy  was  procured  ;  and  as  it  is  pro- 
bably very  nearly  the  last  of  that  class  of  poetry, 
it  is  enclosed  exactly  as  given  to  me. 

The  story  is  this.  About  twenty  years  ago,  an 
attempt  was  made  to  "  run"  some  tea  at  a  "gap," 
or  opening  cut  through  the  cliff  down  to  the 
beach,  not  far  southward  of  Margate.  The  pre- 
ventive men  got  scent  of  the  matter,  and  opposed 
the  landing ;  and  at  last  one  of  them  fired  on  the 
smugglers,  and  wounded  one  of  them  in  the  thigh 
a  little  above  the  knee.  This  man  was  a  fine 
strong  fellow,  called  Dick  Churchman  :  a  first- 
rate  seaman,  and  a  great  favourite  all  along  the 
coast.  So  slight  did  the  wound  seem  to  him,  that 
he  took  no  notice  of  it  at  all,  but  kept  on  rowing, 
and  after  six  hours  they  landed  at  Broadstairs, 


and  went  into  a  public-house  there,  called  "  The 
Tartar  Frigate."  Whether  they  had  succeeded  in 
"  running  their  goods "  or  not,  I  was  not  told. 
However,  shortly  after  they  entered  the  house, 
Churchman  for  the  first  time  complained  of  feel- 
ing "a  little  faint;"  and  asked  for  some  beer, 
which  he  drank,  and  then  slipped  gently  off  his 
seat,  and  fell  on  the  floor  stone  dead.  It  was 
found  a  small  artery  had  been  divided,  and  the 
man  had  literally  bled  to  death  without  any  one 
of  his  mates  having  the  slightest  idea  that  he  had 
received  a  serious  hurt. 

A  report  soon  spread  that  the  preventive  man 
had  cut  his  bullets  into  quarters  when  he  loaded  his 
piece,  for  the  better  chance  of  hitting  the  men ; 
and  in  the  horrible  hope  that  the  wounds,  in- 
flicted by  the  ragged  lead,  might  be  more  deadly. 
As  might  have  been  expected,  there  was  a  tre- 
mendous burst  of  popular  indignation,  and  the 
authorities  were  obliged  to  remove  the  preventive 
man  to  some  distant  part  of  the  country.  A  sort  of 
public  funeral  was  given  to  "  poor  Dick  Church- 
man," and  these  are  the  lines  that  record  his  fate. 
They  are  at  once  so  simple  and  genuine,  I  make 
no  apology  for  them,  rude  as  they  may  be.  At  any 
rate  it  was  some  satisfaction  to  find  that  the  spirit 
which  had  listened  to  the  popular  lay  of  the  bard, 
the  glee-man,  the  minstrel,  and  the  ballad-singer, 
was  not  wholly  extinct  in  England. 

"  LIKES  ON  THE  DEATH  OF  RICHARD   CHURCHMAJT. 

"  Good  people  give  attention 

To  what  I  will  unfold, 
And,  when  this  song  is  sung  to  you, 
'Twill  make  your  blood  run  cold : 

"  For  Richard  Churchman  was  that  man 

Was  shot  upon  his  post, 
By  one  of  those  preventive  men, 
That  guard  along  our  coast. 

"  It  was  two  o'clock  one  morning, 

As  I've  heard  many  say, 
Like  a  lion  bold  he  took  his  oar, 
For  to  get  under  weigh : 

"  For  six  long  hours  he  laboured, 

All  in  his  bleeding  gore, 
Till  at  eight  o'clock  this  man  did  faint- 
Alas  !  he  was  no  more ! 

"  And  then  this  bold  preventive  man 

Was  forced  to  run  away, 
For  on  the  New  Gate  station 

He  could  no  longer  stay. 
u  There  was  hopes  they'd  bring  him  back  again, 

And  tie  him  to  a  post ; 
As  a  warning  to  all  preventive  men, 
That  guard  along  our  coast. 

"  Then  they  took  him  to  St.  Laurence  church, 

And  he  lies  buried  there ; 
All  with  a  hearse  and  mourning  coach, 
And  all  his  friends  were  there : 

"  And  sixty  couple  of  blue-jackets, 

With  tears  all  in  their  eyes, 
All  for  the  loss  of  Churchman, 
Unto  their  great  surprise. 


210 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'«  S.  V.  MAR.  12,  '64. 


"  For  he  was  beloved  by  all  his  friends, 

Likewise  by  rich  and  poor ; 
Let's  hope  the  man  that  murdered  him 
Will  never  rest  no  more !" 

Enclosed  is  the  original,  in  the  boatman's 
writing ;  both  which,  and  the  spelling,  are  much 
better  than  might  be  expected  from  one  of  his 
class.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 


LORD  RUTHVEN. 

In  Park's  edition  of  Lord  Orford's  Royal  and 
Nolle  Authors,  a  long  notice  is  given  of  Patrick, 
third  Lord  Ruthven,  who  was  a  marked  man  of 
the  time,  for  his  participation  in  the  slaughter  of 
Rizzio  —  an  act  which  was  a  year  afterwards  re- 
venged by  the  assassination  of  Henry  LordDarnley 
at  the  Kirk  of  Field.  In  a  foot-note,  the  accom- 
plished editor  has  taken  notice  of  a  curious  little 
work  entitled  the  Ladies  Cabinet  Enlarged  and 
Opened^  a  portion  of  which  is  said,  in  the  pre- 
face dated  in  1666,  to  have  been  derived  from 
the  learned  and  scientific  observations  of  a  "  Lord 
Ruthven."  Mr.  Park,  who  had  before  him  only 
the  fourth  edition,  dated  1667,  has  made  a  mis- 
take as  to  the  authorship,  which,  strange  to  say, 
is  shown  by  evidence  furnished  by  himself.  In 
the  preface,  the  portion  of  the  volume  previously 
mentioned  is  represented  as  taken  from  the  papers 
of  the  late  Right  Honourable  and  learned  Chymist, 
the  Lord  Ruthven."  Now  Lord  Ruthven  of 
Freeland,  the  party  supposed  to  be  the  author, 
was  alive  in  1672 ;  his  son  David,  the  second 
Lord,  having  been  served  heir  of  his  father  May 
10,  1673.  The  date  of  the  peerage  was  Feb.  7, 
1650.  From  this  it  follows  that  the  late  Lord 
Ruthven  of  1666  could  not  be  the  person  who 
was  ennobled  in  1650,  and  lived  at  least  until  the 
year  1672. 

It  would  be  very  obliging  if  any  of  your  readers, 
possessing  earlier  editions,  would  inform  the  writer 
as  to  whether  ^the  preface  partially  quoted  by  Mr. 
Park,  occurs  in  any  one  of  them,  and  especially 
what  are  the  dates  of  the  first  editions  ;*  because 
it  is  possible  that  the  Lord  Ruthven  referred  to 
may  have  been  the  immediate  surviving  younger 
brother  of  the  murdered  Earl  of  Gowrie,  and 
who,  dejure,  was  entitled  to  be  so  called,  as  the 
moment  the  breath  had  passed  from  his  lord- 
ship's body,  the  title  jure  sanguinis  came  to  him, 
and  he  never  was  lawfully  attainted  as  Earl  of 
Gowrie. 

It  is  an  historical  fact  that  William,  by  right 
fourth  Earl,  was  addicted  to  scientific  pursuits, 
and  had  great  knowledge  in  chemistry,  whereas 

*J- \  Watt  and  Lowndes  give  the  date  of  1654, 12mo,  as 
the  first  edition.— ED.] 


the  Ruthvens  of  Freeland  were  not  in  the  slightest 
degree  given  to  such  investigations.  Earl  Wil- 
liam might  have  safely  come  back  any  time  after 
the  demise  of  the  family  persecutor,  for  King 
Charles  does  not  seem  to  have  entertained  the 
same  detestation  of  the  Ruthvens  as  his  father 
had,  for  he  raised  one  of  the  family  to  the  high 
rank  of  an  earl  both  in  England  and  Scotland. 
This  nobleman  having  left  only  two  daughters, 
the  Earldoms  of  Forth  and  Brentford  expired  with 
himself.  J.  M. 


DESTRUCTION  OF  THE  TITANS  AND  DRAGONS, 
AND  ORIGIN  OF  THE  VINE. 

"  Androcydes,  sapientiaclarus,  ad  Alexandrum  magnum 
scripsit,  intemperantiam  ejus  cohibens :  'Vinum  poturus, 
Rex,  memento  bibere  te  sanguinem  Terra."'  —  Pliny, 
Nat.  Hist.  1.  xiv.  c.  5. 

In  the  astral  myths,  the  giants  symbolised  the 
terrene  energy  ;  and  this  sage  admonition  of  the 
renowned  Androcydes  suggested  to  me  the  fol- 
lowing mythological  fancy :  — 

Great  Terra  trembled  —  surging  with  affright 
Did  Neptune  in  his  deep  recesses  cower ; 

Till  the  swift  Hours,  sphere-circling,  waked  each 

Star* 
In  darkening  twilight  of  the  west  afar 

Then  flashed  Orion's  splendent  sword,  and  bright 
Arcturus  beaconed  from  his  zenith  tower 

To  Cepheus,  Sagittarius,  Sirius — all 

Heaven's  mighty  host  to  mount  the  flaming  wall.f 

Startled  from  slumber,  Nox  beheld  the  stream 
Of  their  dread  darts,  a  meteor  tempest,  J  hurled, 

Frequent  and  thick,  against  the  rebel  Giant, 
Who,  with  his  sons,  and  Dragon  brood,  defiant, 

(Unnatural  league)  would  vanquish  Jove  supreme, 
And  mar  the  orbed  order  of  the  World.— 

Dubious  the  war,  till  Lucifer's  pale  crest 

Signalled  Apollo  from  the  kindling  east. 

Scarce  had  Aurora  cleft  the  veil  of  clouds 
That  wrapped  Olympus,  when  the   Sun-God 

rose. — 

Struck  by  the  dreadful  lightning  of  his  eye, 
O'erthrown,  transfixed,  the  monster  Saurians  die, 
(Memorialled  hideous  in  their  stony  shrouds ;) 


*  'Acrrpo/as  5e 


'HptW  |i<|>oy  elA/ce.  —  Nonnus,  Dionysiaca,  1.  i. 

The  sublime  though  incongruous  imagery  of  Milton's 
3aradisaical  poems  is  borrowed  wholesale  from  the  de- 
scriptions in  the  Dionysiaca  of  the  Titanian  War,  and 
iliation  of  the  starry  genii  ;  although  few  scholars  will 
'eel  disposed  to  hunt  out  these  plagiarisms  in  the  crabbed 
Greek  of  that  stilted  and  curious  epic. 

t  "  Moenia  flammantia  Mundi."  —  Lucretius. 

j  "  Ternpestas  telorum."—  Ovid. 


3rd  S.  V.  MAR.  12,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


211 


While  'neath  the 'hissing  bolts'  redoubled  blows 
Typhceus'  life-blood  o'er  the  dark  soil  flows  : 
Thence  sprang  the  sanguine  fruitage  of  the  Vine, 
Yieldin^  for  gods  and  men  the  glorious  purple 


wine. 


Dublin. 


J.  L. 


ILLEGITIMATE  CHILDREN  or  KING  CHARLES  II. 
I  enclose  a  cutting  from  a  newspaper,  purporting 
to  give  as  correct  a  list  of  these  as  can  be  ascer- 
tained, or  I  should  rather  say,  those  whom  King 
Charles  acknowledged  as  his  own.  Perhaps  some 
correspondent  of  "  N".  &  Q."  can  point  out  inac- 
curacies in  the  statement;  at  any  rate  there  is 
one  in  calling  the  Duchess  of  Cleveland  Barbara 
Villiers  instead  of  Palmer  :  — 

"  The  illegitimate  children  of  King  Charles  II.  were 


James,  Duke  of  Monmouth,  son  of  Lucy  Walters,  exe- 
cuted for  treason  by  his  uncle's  command ;  (3)  Mary, 
daughter  of  the  same  lady,  married  first  to  William  Sars- 
field,  an  Irish  gentleman,  and  afterwards  to  William 
Fanshaw;  (4)  Charles  Fitzroy,  Duke  of  Southampton, 
(5)  Henry  Fitzroy,  Duke  of  Grafton,  (6)  George  Fitz- 
roy, Duke  of  Northumberland,  and  (7)  Anne,  Countess 
of  Sussex  —  all  children  of  Barbara  Villiers,  the  fierce 
Duchess  of  Cleveland ;  (8)  Charles  Beauclerk,  Duke  of 
St.  Alban's,  and  (9)  James  Beauclerk,  sons  of  Nell 
Gwynne;  (10)  Charles  Lennox,  Duke  of  Richmond,  son 
of  Louise  Querouaille,  Duchess  of  Portsmouth;  (11) 
Mary  Tudor,  married  to  the  heir  of  Lord  Derwentwater, 
daughter  of  Mary  Davis ;  (12)  Charles  Fitzcharles,  and 
(13)  a  girl  who  died  young,  children  of  Catherine  Pegge ; 
and  (14)  Charlotte  Boyle,  alias  Fitzroy,  wife  of  Sir 
Robert  Paston,  Bart.,  afterwards  Earl  of  Yarmouth, 
daughter  of  Elizabeth,  Viscountess  Shannon.  Three  of 
these  founded  dukedoms  which  still  exist  —  Grafton, 
Richmond,  and  St.  Albans  —  and  other  families  trace 
their  rise  to  connection  with  the  children  of  the  last 
popular  Stuart." 

OXONIENSIS. 

LORD,  LADT  :  THEIR  DERIVATION.  —  "  My 
Lord,"  as  a  style  of  address,  is  of  frequent  occur- 
rence in  the  Bible,  while  the  use  of  "  Sir "  is 
comparatively  rare,  the  earliest  passage  in  which 
we  meet  with  it  being  Genesis  xliii.  20,  "  O  Sir, 
we  came  down,"  &c.  See  John  iv.  11  ;  xx.  15 ; 
Acts  xiv.  15;  Rev.  vii.  14,  and  elsewhere.  It 
was  used,  as  now,  to  strangers,  or  to  elders,  im- 
plying respect,  as  instanced  above. 

"  My  lord "  seems  to  have  been  universally 
adopted.  Kings  and  prophets  were  so  addressed. 
"  Sara  obeyed  Abraham,  calling  him  Lord."  (See 
Gen.  xviii.  12.)  Rachel  thus  speaks  of  her  father. 
Esau  is  thus  courteously  mentioned  by  Jacob. 
Joseph  is  so  addressed  by  the  brethren,  though 
of  course  as  a  stranger  of  note.  Joshua  to  his 
chief--"  My  Lord  Moses,  forbid  them."  But  the 
following  is  an  exceptional  use ;  one  which  I  do 
not  remember  to  have  met  with  elsewhere  in  the 


Bible :  "  Now  therefore  Lord  Holofernes"  &c. 
Judith  v.  24. 

"  Lord "  is  said  to  be  an  abbreviation  of  the 
Anglo-Saxon  compound  Hlaf-ord,  and  was  for- 
merly so  written ;  =  hlaf,  raised,  and  ord,  origin, 
of  high  birth.  So  "lady,"  is  the  Anglo-Saxon 
Hlafd-ig :  the  initial  letter  omitted  gives  Lafd-ig, 
which,  with  the  final  ig  changed  into  y,  becomes 
Lafd-y;  the /suppressed,  we  have  Lady  =  lofty, 
raised,  exalted.  "  Lord  "  and  "  Lady  "  have  been 
otherwise  traced  from  A.-S. ;  but  the  derivation 
already  given  is  preferred  by  etymologists.  (See 
Richardson  On  the  Study  of  Words,  and  Diet., 
s. 00."  Lord,"  "Lady.")  '  F.  PHILLOTT. 

THE  VALUE  OF  A  DAILY  PAPER  IN  1741. — From 
an  indenture,  dated  August  31,  1741,  between 
Dorothy  Beaumont  and  James  Myonet,  it  appears 
that  one  Mr.  Vander  Esch  assigned  to  Mrs.  Beau- 
mont "  three-twentyeth  portions,  or  shares  of,  and 
in  the  public  newspaper  commonly  called  or  known 
by  the  name  of  the  Dayly  Advertizer"  as  an 
equivalent  for  the  payment  of  200Z.  The  trans- 
actions detailed  in  this  curious  document  arise 
out  of  the  sale  and  purchase  of  South  Sea  Stock ; 
by  dabbling  in  which  poor  Dorothy  Beaumont 
found  her  way  to  the  Fleet.  If  200Z.  was  the 
selling  price  of  the  aforesaid  shares,  it  is  scarcely 
necessary  to  add,  that  the*  Daily  Advertiser  was 
worth  about  1332Z.  Is  this  likely  ?  B.  H.  C. 

TOWT,  TOWTER. — These  words  are  looked  upon 
as  vulgar,  and  are  banished  from  respectable  dic- 
tionaries accordingly.  I  consider  them  unjustly 
treated,  and  I  beg  to  offer  a  word  in  their  be- 
half. Those  staid  personages,  whom  we  see  so 
constantly  about  Doctors'  Commons,  with  tradi- 
tional gravity  and  unimpeachable  white  aprons — 
the  immemorial  towters — one  would  think  sufficient 
vouchers  for  the  respectability  of  the  name.  But 
further  than  this,  I  believe  the  word  towt  occurs, 
with  only  a  slight  alteration,  in  the  Authorised 
Version  of  the  Scriptures.  In  2  Cor.  viii.  1,  in 
the  phrase  "  we  do  you  to  wit."  I  think  "  to  wit" 
is  certainly  to  be  considered  as  only  one  word, 
and  "  do  "  as  the  auxiliary  verb.  Otherwise  there 
would  be  an  archaism,  difficult  to  ^account  for  at 
the  time  of  our  translators.  Of  course,  originally 
"  I  do  you  to  wit,"  meant  "  I  make  you  to  know ;" 
but  "  do "  ceased  to  mean  "  make,"  and  came,  it 
would  seem,  to  be  regarded  in  this  phrase  as  a 
mere  auxiliary  verb :  •*  to-wit,"  or  towt,  being  the 
principal  verb.  "  To-wit,"  or  towt,  accordingly, 
came  to  mean  "  to  inform,"  or  "  direct ;"  and  a 
"  to-witter,"  or  towter,  one  who  informs  or  directs. 

Some  candid  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  may  have 
something  more  correct  to  impart;  if  not,  his 
utatur  mecum.  B.  L. 

EXECUTION  OF  ANNE  BOLEYN.  —  In  Houssaie's 
Essays  (vol.  i.  p.  435)  a  little  circumstance  is  re- 
lated concerning  the  decapitation  of  Anne  Boleyn, 


212 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  MAR.  12,  '64. 


which  illustrates  an  observation  of  Hume.  Our 
historian  notices  that  the  person  who  executec 
her  was  born  in  Calais ;  and  the  following  story 
concerning  her  is  said  to  have  been  handed  down 
by  tradition  from  an  account  of  the  executioner 
himself:  — 

"  Anne  Boleyn,  being  on  the  scaffold,  would  not  con- 
sent to  have  her  eyes  bandaged,  saying  that  she  had  no 
fear  of  death ;  but,  as  she  was  opening  them  every  mo- 
ment, he  could  not  bear  their  tender  and  beautiful 
glances ;  he,  to  take  her  attention  from  him,  took  oif  his 
shoes,  and  approached  her  silently  while  another  person 
advanced  to  her,  who  made  a  great  noise.  This  circum- 
stance is  said  to  have  attracted  the  eyes  of  Anne  Boleyn 
to  him,  whereupon  he  struck  the  fatal  blow." 

THOMAS  FIRMINGEB. 

SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN.  —  The    following    his 
torical  facts  may  assist  in  removing  the  Gordian 
knot  of  red  tape  with  which  diplomacy  has  en 
veloped  the  question  of  right  to  the  dominion  of 
these  duchies  :  — 

1.  Schleswig  is  admitted  universally  to  be  an 
appanage  of  the  Danish  crown  ;  its  government 
or  constitution  varies  from  that  of  Denmark,  in 
retaining  more  of    the  representative   element. 
The  Gottorp  portion  of  Schleswig  was  formally 
ceded  to  the  King  of  Denmark  in  1773.     The 
population  of  Schleswig   in  1848  consisted  of  — 
Danes,  185,000  ;  Frisians,  25,000  ;  and  Germans, 
120,000.     Total,  330,000. 

2.  Holstein,  after  various  conquests  and  revo- 
lutions, was,  in  1715,  by  a  treaty  with  France, 
England,  Russia,  and  Prussia,  guaranteed  to  Den- 
mark in  perpetual  and  peaceable  possession. 

3.  In  1806,  upon  the  breaking  up  of  the  Ger- 
man   Empire,    Holstein  was  incorporated   with 
Schleswig  and  Denmark  as  one  monarchy. 

^4.  In  1815,  the  King  of  Denmark,  conformably 
with  the  treaty  of  Vienna,  joined  the  German 
Confederation  as  Duke  of  Holstein,  with  one 
vote  in  seventeen,  and  three  votes  out  of  the  total 
of  sixty-six,  according  to  the  subject-matter  dis- 
cussed in  the  Diet. 

5.  The  King  of  Denmark,  Ferdinand  VII.,  in 
1815,  proposed  to  give  a  constitution  to  Holstein, 
which  was  disallowed  by  the  German  Confedera- 
tion. , 

6.  On  July  4,  1850,  the  London  protocol,  signed 
by  Great  Britain,  France,  Prussia,  and  Sweden, 
guaranteed  the  integrity   of  Denmark,   and   ap- 
proved the  steps  taken  by  the  King  relative  to 
the  settlement  of  the  Danish  succession. 

~  7.  The  protocol  of  August  23, 1850,  was  agreed 
to  at  London  relative  to  Denmark,  Schleswig 
and  Holstein,  by  Austria,  Denmark,  France, 
Great  Britain,  Russia,  Sweden,  and  Norway. 

8.  The  last  important  treaty  of  London  by  the 
above  European  Powers,  on  May  8,  1852,  regu- 
lated the  settlement  of  the  Danish  Crown,  and 
set  aside  the  claim  of  the  house  of  Augustenburg. 

T.   J.    BUCKTON. 


ANCESTOR  WOBSHIP. — Will  any  of  your  readers 
inform  me,  for  the  benefit  of  a  clergyman  en- 
gaged in  missionary  work  in  South  Africa,  of 
any  English  or  French  works  which  treat  of  an- 
cestor worship,  and  ancestral  worshipping  nations  ? 
If  of  sidereal  worship  and  sidereal  worshipping 
peoples  or  tribes  also,  all  the  better.  H.  T. 

HUGH  BBANHAM.  —  In  Hakluyt's  Collection  of 
Voyages  (about  p.  590  of  the  edition  I  used  in 
the  British  Museum),  there  occurs  in  an  account 
of  Iceland,  mention  of  a  letter  sent  to  the  Bishop 
of  Holar  (Gudbrand  Thorliac)  by  the  reverend 
and  vertuous  Master  Hugh  Branham,  minister  of 
the  church  of  Harwich  in  England,  in  A.D.  1592 
or  thereabouts.  The  letter  of  Parson  Branham  is 
not  given,  only  the  Icelandic  bishop's  reply.  Can 
anyone  tell  me  where  I  can  find  Branham's  letter, 
or  anything  about  Branham  ?  E.  S.  M. 

A  BULL  OP  BURKE'S.  — Burke,  in  his  "  Speech 
on  the  Petition  of  the  Unitarians  "  (1792),  says  : — 

"  In  a  Christian  Commonwealth, '  the  Church  and  the 
State  are  one  and  the  same  thing ;  being  different  integral 
parts  of  the  same  whole." 

Can  any  one  help  me  to  a  logical  interpretation 
of  this  passage,  and  explain  how  two  different  parts 
of  the  same  thing  can  be  identical?  Are  we  to 
account  for  Burke's  language  in  this  instance  by 
recollecting  his  nationality  ?  C.  G.  P. 

CAMBRIDGE  VILLAGES. — Two  villages,  errone- 
ously called  sometimes  Papworth  St.  Agnes,  and 
Papworth  St.  Everard  —  as  Papworth  Agnes  is 
dedicated  to  St.  John  the  Baptist,  and  Papworth 
Everard  to  St.  Peter —  exist  in  Cambridgeshire. 
Can  any  of  your  readers  explain  the  peculiar 
"  agnomen  "  of  Agnes  and  Everard  ?  I  never  yet 
heard  this  explained.  P.  AUBREY  AUDLET. 

JAMES  GUMMING,  F.S.A.  (son  of  Alexander 
Gumming,  F.R.S.)  was  one  of  the  chief  clerks  of 
the  Board  of  Control,  and  edited  Feltham's  Re- 
solves, 1806.  He  also  drew  up  so  much  of  the 
East  India  Report  of  1813  as  relates  to  Madras. 
Mr.  M'Culloch  (Lit.  Pol.  Econ.  106)  says  he  was 
'  remarkable  for  his  minute  and  extensive  know- 
edge  of  Indian  affairs."  The  date  of  his  death  is 
requested.*  S.  Y.  R. 

HAYDN'S  CANZONETS. — May  I  trouble  you  with 
another  query  respecting  Haydn  ?  Which  of  these 
Deautiful  compositions — beautiful  music  wedded 
io  charming  verse — were  written  to  original  Eng- 
ish  poetry  ?  The  first  six  were  written  to  words 


[*  Our  correspondent  will  find  many  particulars  of  Mr. 
Cumming's  public  life  in  the  following  privately  printed 
)amphlet,  a  copy  of  which  is  in  the  British  Museum: 
'  Brief  Notice  of  the  Services  of  Mr.  Gumming,  late  head 
>f  the  Revenue  and  Judicial  Departments  in  the  Office  of 
he  Right  Hon.  the  Board  of  Commissioners  for  the  Af- 
airs  of  India,  dated  July  20, 1824.] 


3'd  S.  V.  MAR.  12,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


213 


supplied  by  Anne  Home,  the  wife  of  the  celebrated 
John  Hunter.  Which  of  these  six  were  originals, 
and  which  translations  ?  JUXTA  TURRIM. 

HERALDIC.  —  I  should  be  grateful  to  any  of  your 
heraldic  contributors  who  could  furnish  me  with 
the  blazon  of  the  differences  (marks  of  cadency) 
borne  by  the  following  members  of  the  royal 
house  of  Plantagenet  :  — 

1.  Lionel  of  Antwerp,  Duke  of  Clarence. 

2.  John  of  Gaunt,  Duke  of  Lancaster.  (Baines's 
Lancashire  gives  him   "  a  label  of  three  points, 
ermine."     Is  this  correct  ?) 

3.  Richard,  Earl  of  Cambridge  (son  of  Edmund 
of  Langley,  Duke  of  York)  beheaded,  1415. 

4.  Richard,  Duke  of  York,  his   son,  slain  at 
Wakefield. 

5.  George,  Duke  of   Clarence  :    he  of   "the 
Malmsey  butt." 

6.  His  daughter  Margaret,  Countess  of  Salis- 
oury,  wife  of  Sir  Richard  Pole,  K.G. 

FITZ  JOHN. 

SIR  JOHN  JACOB,  KNT.  —  Sir  John  Jacob,  Knt., 
of  Bromley,  Kent,  was  living  in  1653.  Can  any 
of  your  correspondents  kindly  inform  me  as  to 
his  parentage  ;  on  what  occasion  and  by  whom  he 
was  knighted  ;  whom  he  married,  and  whether  any 
of  his  descendants  are  still  living  ?  H.  C.  F. 

LATIN  QUOTATION.  —  Can  any  reader  of  "N.&  Q." 
reduce  to  sense  the  following  bit  of  Latinity  in  an 
old  Concio  ?  — 

"  Hinc  dicitur  spiritu  corritatis  quam  obsignat  indum 
dibus  nostris;  non  credencit  a  ergo  est  spiritu  qui  ab- 
duom  deposito  ad  humana  commenta." 

Good  Latin  and  English  of  this  specimen  of 
type,  printed  off  after  being  driven  into  "  pie," 
will  be 


acceptable. 


A  STUDENT. 


MECCAH.  —  The  elder  Niebuhr  (Desc.  de  VAra- 
iie,  p.  310)  mentions  Jean  Wilde  as  having  visited 
Meccah.  Where  can  I  find  an  account  of  his 
travels? 

It  seems,  by-the-bye,  to  be  a  not  uncommon 
belief  that  Burton  was  the  first  Christian  who 
visited  the  shrines  of  El  Islam.  There  were  cer- 
tainly eight  who  preceded  him,  to  wit,  Ludovico 
Bartema  (1503),  Jean  Wilde,  Joseph  Pitts,  AH 
Bey  (1807),  Giovanni  Jinati  (1814),  Burckhardt 
(1815),  Bertolucci,  and  Dr.  George  A.  Wallen 
(1845).  There  is  no  evidence  that  any  of  these 
were  renegades;  though  they  were,  of  course, 
compelled  to  adopt  Mohammedan  rites  and  cus- 
toms, and  to  avoid  any  open  profession  of  their 
Christian  belief. 

Will  some  of  your  readers  help  me  to  enlarge 
this  list  ?  p.  W.  S. 

New  York. 

GEOBGE  POULET.  —  In  Collins's  Peerage  (1812), 
in  the  enumeration  of  the  issue  of  William  Poulet, 


first  Marquis  of  Winchester,  I  find  the  following 
passage :  — 

"  Lord  Thomas  Poulet,  of  Cossington.  in  the  county  of 
Somerset,  second  son,  married  Mary,  daughter  and  heir 
of  Thomas  Moore  of  Melpash,  in  Dorsetshire,  and  had  by 
her,  first,  George  Poulet,  who  by  Alice  his  wife,  daughte'r 
of  Thomas  Pacy  (or  Plesey)  of  Holberry  in  Hants,  was 
father  of  Rachel,  married  to  Philip  de  Carteret,  Lord  of 
St.  Owen's  and  Sark,  ancestor  to  the  late  Earl  Granville, 
&c."— Vol.  ii.  p.  373. 

On  the  other  hand,  the  author  of  Les  Chro- 
niques  de  Vile  de  Jersey,  written  in  or  about  the 
year  1585,  and  published  in  Guernsey  in  1832, 
says  that  the  George  Powlet,  whose  daughter 
Rachel  was  married  in  January,  1581,  to  Philip 
de  Carteret,  was  the  brother  of  Sir  Amias  Powlet, 
at  that  time  Governor  of  Jersey,  better  known  in 
history  as  one  of  the  jailors  of  Mary  Queen  of 
Scots,  and  ancestor  of  the  Earls  Poulett. 

I  am  fully  persuaded  that  the  Chronicler  is 
right,  and  that  Collins  is  wrong.  I  should,  how- 
ever, be  glad  to  receive  any  confirmation  on  the 
point.  P.  S.  CARET. 

REV.  CHRISTOPHER  RICHARDSON.  —  Can  any  of 
your  readers  give  me  any  information  respecting 
the  birth-place  and  parentage  of  the  Rev.  Chris- 
topher Richardson,  ejected  from  the  parish  of 
Kirkheaton,  near  Huddersfield,  in  1662  ?  I  have 
obtained  many  particulars  of  his  after  life,  but  I 
have  no  account  of  him  before  1649  ;  at  which 
time,  by  the  Parliamentary  Survey  of  the  Livings, 
now  in  the  library  at  Lambeth  Palace,  he  was  at 
Kirkheaton.  I  presume  that  he  had  Presbyterian 
orders.  No  trace  can  be  found  of  him,  as  far  as  I 
can  learn,  at  Cambridge  or  Oxford.  I  have  been 
told  that  the  correspondence  of  Cromwell's  Com- 
missioners, respecting  the  fitness  of  the  men  put 
into  livings,  is  still  in  existence ;  but  I  am  unable 
to  find  anything  of  the  sort  at  the  Record  and 
State  Paper  Office,  in  the  printed  list  of  papers 
belonging  to  the  interregnum  period.  J.  R. 

ROTATION  OFFICE.  —  What  is  the  meaning  of 
this?  I  understand  it  to  be  some  office  where 
justices  of  the  peace  met.  Query,  for  what  pur- 
pose ?  W. 

RAPIER. — This  family  was  settled  near  Thorsk, 
Yorkshire,  about  1650.  I  should  be  glad  to  find 
a  pedigree.  ST.  T. 

SANCROFT.  —  As  my  Query  (3rd  S.  iv.  147)  has 
received  no  reply,  may  I  be  permitted  to  repeat  it 
in  a  form  more  likely  perhaps  to  meet  with  an 
answer  ?  Archbishop  Sancroft  is  said  to  have  had 
six  sisters.  Are  the  names  of  their  husbands 
known  ?  There  was  a  legal  firm  in  London,  some 
thirty  or  forty  years  ago — the  Messrs.  Bogue  and 
Lambert— who  could  probably  have  answered  the 
question;  and  it  is  just  possible  that  this  may 
meet  the  eye  of  their  successors  in  business,  if 
such  there  be.  ST.  T. 


214 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3*a  S.  V.  MAK.  12,  '64. 


JOHN  SARGENT,  ESQ. — Where  can  I  obtain  the 
best  account  of  John  Sargent,  Esq.,  M.P.  for 
Seaford  and  for  Queenborough,  sometime  Secre- 
tary to  the  Treasury,  and  author  of  The  Mine  and 
other  poems  ?  He  died  in  1830.*  M.  A.  LOWER. 

DK.  JACOB  SEBENIUS.  —  Can  any  of  your 
readers  tell  me  where  I  can  get  sight  of  the  fol- 
lowing book  by  Dr.  Jacob  Serenius,  who  was 
Swedish  chaplain  in  London,  1723-1734,  and  who 
died  Bishop  of  Strengnaes  in  Sweden,  1776  ? 
Examen  Harmonics.  Religionis  Lutherance  et  Angli- 
cante,  Leyden,  1726,  8vo.  E.  S.  M. 


THE  MINISTERIAL  WOODEN  SPOON.  —  There  is 
a  note  in  "  The  Inner  Life  of  the  House  of  Com- 
mons," in  the  Illustrated  Times  of  March  5,  under 
the  above  heading,  and  the  writer  suggests  a  re- 
ference to  the  Editor  of  "  N.  &  Q."  for  explana- 
tion. It  is  stated  that  a  rigorous  account  is  kept 
of  every  vote  of  every  member  of  the  government. 
At  the  annual  dinner  of  the  ministers,  held  at  the 
close  of  each  session,  the  chief  whip  reads  this 
list,  and  it  is  said  that  the  man  to  whose  name  is 
appended  the  smallest  number  of  votes,  is  pre- 
sented with  a  wooden  spoon.  It  will  no  doubt  be 
interesting  to  many  readers  to  ascertain  the  origin 
of  this  strange  custom.  T.  B. 

[It  is,  we  believe,  quite  true  that  a  list  of  the  votes  of 
those  members  of  the  government  who  are  in  the  House 
of  Commons  is  produced  at  the  Whitebait  Dinner,  and  he 
who  is  lowest  on  the  list  is  probably  regarded,  by  his 
Cambridge  friends  at  least,  as'the  wooden  spoon.  During 
the  administration  of  Sir  Robert  Peel,  when  the  minis- 
terial party  was  starting  for  Greenwich,  one  of  them,  in 
passing  through  Hungerford  Market,  bought  a  child's 
penny  mug  and  a  wooden  spoon.  After  dinner,  when  the 
list  of  votes  had  been  read  out,  the  penny  mug,  on  which 
was  painted  either  "  James,"  or  "  For  a  good  boy,"  was 
presented,  with  all  due  solemnity,  to  Sir  James  Graham, 
and  the  wooden  spoon  to  Sir  William  Follett.  This  is 
probably  the  origin  of  the  statement  quoted  by  our  cor- 
respondent.] 

BISHOP  BARNABY  POTTER.  —  Can  any  of  your 
north-country  readers  inform  me  whether  there 
was  ever  a  Bishop  of  Carlisle,  by  name  Dr.  Bar- 
naby  Potter  ?  Dr.  Potter  preceded  Robert  Her- 
rick,  the  poet,  in  the  living  of  Dean  Prior,  Devon- 
shire ;  but  what  his  subsequent  career  was  I 
cannot  ascertain.  W.  E.  D. 

[Barnaby  Potter  was  born  at  or  near  Kendal  in  1578. 
He  was  educated  in  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  where  he 
was  afterwards  made  Provost.  He  held  this  post  for  ten 

[*  John  Sargent,  Esq.,  died  at  Lavington,  in  Sussex, 
?^ept-o9^183i'asedeighty-one'~Cen<-^a^  for 

looi,  p.  /oO. — JtLiX  J 


years,  when  he  was  chosen  chaplain  to  King  James  I., 
and  by  his  interest,  his  nephew,  Christopher  Potter, 
succeeded  to  the  Provostship.  From  the  University  he 
resorted  to  the  court,  where  he  at  first  attended  on  Prince 
Charles.  When  Charles  ascended  the  throne  (1625) 
Potter  was  made  Bishop  of  Carlisle,  "  notwithstanding 
there  were  other  suitors  for  it,  and  he  ne'er  sought  for  it." 
He  was  consecrated  at  Ely  House,  in  Holborn,  London, 
on  15th  March,  1628-9,  and  was  commonly  called  "  the 
puritanical  bishop."  Fuller  remarks,  that  "  it  was  said 
of  him,  in  the  time  of  King  James  I.,  that  organs  would  blow 
him  out  of  the  church,  which  I  do  not  believe,  the  rather 
because  he  was  loving  of,  and  skilful  in,  vocal  musick, 
and  could  bear  his  part  therein.  He  was  of  a  weak  con- 
stitution, melancholy,  lean,  and  a  hard  student."  He 
died  in  London  in  Jan.  1641-2,  and  was  buried  in  St. 
Paul's,  Covent  Garden.  Vide  Nicholson's  Annals  of 
Kendal,  second  edition,  1861,  p.  333 ;  and  Wood's  Athenae, 
by  Bliss,  iii.  21.] 

WILLIAM  SPENCE  (Political  Writer.)  —  This 
gentleman,  who  lived  at  Hull,  was  author  of  a 
remarkable  pamphlet,  entitled  Britain  Indepen- 
dent of  Commerce,  first  published  in  1807.  There 
were  several  subsequent  editions,  and  it  was  ho- 
noured by  answers  from  James  Mill  and  Col.  Tor- 
rens.  He  also  published  other  works,  one  dated 
1815.  His  disciples,  who  were  called  Spenceans, 
created  much  alarm  in  or  about  1818.  The  date 
of  Mr.  Spence's  death  will  oblige  S.  Y.  R. 

[Well  may  we  exclaim  "Tempora  mutantur,  nos  et 
mutamur  in  illis !  "  William  Spence  the  political  econo- 
mist is  now  clean  forgotten;  while  William  Spence, 
F.L.S.,  the  entomologist  (the  same  gifted  individual), 
will  be  long  remembered  for  his  assiduous  labours  in  na- 
tural history.  Mr.  Spence  was  a  native  of  Bishop  Burton, 
near  Beverley,  and  on  the  establishment  of  the  Hull 
Rockingham  became  the  first  editor  of  that  weekly  jour- 
nal. His  reputation  as  a  political  economist  was  chiefly 
established  by  the  publication  of  the  work  noticed  by  our 
correspondent.  Four  of  Mr.  Spence's  early  productions 
were  republished  by  himself  in  one  volume  8vo  in  1822, 
entitled  Tracts  on  Political  Economy,  viz.  1.  Britain  In- 
dependent of  Commerce.  2.  Agriculture  the  Source  of 
Wealth.  3.  The  Objections  against  the  Corn  Law  Bill 
Refuted.  4.  Speech  on  the  East  India  Trade.  In  the 
Dedication  to  John  Symmons,  Esq.  he  says,  "  I  have  to 
thank  Entomology  for  procuring  me  the  acquaintance  of 
my  excellent  and  learned  Associate  in  another  literary 
undertaking,  whose  friendship  has,  for  fifteen  years,  formed 
one  of  the  principal  enjoyments  of  life," — alluding  to  the 
Rev.  William  Kirby,  his  colleague  on  that  valuable  work, 
An  Introduction  to  Entomology. 

Mr.  Spence  died  at  his  house  in  Lower  Seymour  Street 
on  Jan.  6,  1860,  aged  seventy- seven.  In  the  obituary 
memorials  of  him  at  that  time,  not  the  least  notice,  how- 
ever, was  taken  of  his  works  on  Political  Economy. 

Our  correspondent  must  not  confound  William  Spence, 
the  entomologist,  with  Thomas  Spence,  the  founder 


3'd  S.  V.  MAR.  12,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


215 


of  the  Spencean  Scheme.  This  visionary  writer  at 
one  time  kept  a  stall  at  No.  8,  Little  Turnstile,  High 
Holborn,  which  he  called  "  The  Hive  of  Liberty,"  where 
he  not  only  retailed  saloup,  but  his  notable  production 
«  Pigs'  Meat ;  or  Lessons  for  the  People,  alias  (according  to 
Burke)  the  Swinish  Multitude,  published  in  Penny  Num- 
bers, weekly  collected  by  the  Poor  Man's  Advocate  (an  old 
persecuted  Veteran  in  the  Cause  of  Freedom)  in  the  course 
of  his  Reading  for  Twenty  Years,  &c."  To  attract  public 
attention  to  his  Scheme,  Spence  struck  a  variety  of  me- 
dalets  or  seditious  tokens,  some  of  which  are  politically 
satirical  and  extremely  curious.  On  one  was  his  bust 
surrounded  with  the  words,  "  T.  Spence,  a  State  Pri- 
soner in  1794."  On  the  obverse  is  a  representation  of 
George  III.  riding  upon  John  Bull,  having  an  ass's  head, 
and  exclaiming  submissively,  "  Am  I  not  thine  ass  ?  " 
See  Balaam  («  N.  &  Q."  2**  S.  vi.  348).  After  his  chival- 
rous labours  for  the  "swinish  multitude,"  poor  Spence 
closed  his  earthly  career  on  Sept.  8,  1814,  aged  fifty- 
seven.  At  his  funeral  appropriate  medallions  were  distri- 
buted, and  a  pair  of  scales,  indicative  of  the  justice  of  his 
views,  preceded  his  body  to  the  grave.] 

SIR  JOHN  CALF.  —  Iifa  Bible  in  the  possession 
of  Mr.  Bourne  of  Boxhulle,  near  Battle  in  Sussex, 
is  the  following  copy  of  a  singular  epitaph.  It  is 
inscribed  on  the  blank  page  between  the  Old  and 
New  Testaments.  The  Bible  is,  I  think,  the 
first  edition  of  the  Authorised  Version,  and  the 
handwriting  appears  to  be  of  about  the  time  of 
Charles  I. :  — 

"heare  lies  Sir  John  Calf 
thrise  mayor  of  london  with 

hoaner  honner  honner 

OJwoe  worth  subtil  death  more 

subtil  then  a  fox  |  would  not  let 

Sir  John  Calf  live  til  he  had 

beene  an  oxe  |  that  he  might 

have  got  his  liveing  a  mongst 

briers  and  thornes  |  and  don  as 

his  fore-olders  did  were 

homes  homes  homes." 

The  book  appears  to  have  been  in'the  possession 
of  a  family  of  Gilpin  of  London  about  the  time 
when  this  fly-leaf  scribbling  was  made. 

Query.  Was  Sir  John  Calf  a  real  personage ; 
and,  if  so,  when  did  he  serve  his  mayoralty  ?  I 
I  have  no  list  of  Lord  Mayors  by  me. 

MARK  ANTONY  LOWER. 

[Another  version  of  this  singular  epitaph  appeared  in 
<•  N.  &  Q.»  2nd  S.  vii.  147.  The  Mayoralty  of  London  has 
certainly  never  been  ornamented  with  a  "real"  Sir  John 
Calf;  although  the  original  lines,  in J  which  there  is  no 
mention  of  a  Mayor  of  London,  may  have  been  satirically 
applied  to  some  civic  magistrate.  The  epitaph  occurs  in 
Camden's  Remaines,  first  published  in  1604.  We  quote 
from  the  edition  of  1764,  edited  by  John  Philipot:-— ' 

"A  merry  mad  maker,  as  they  call  poets  now,  was 
he,  which  in  the  time  of  King  Henry  III.  made  this  for 
John  Calf:  — 

*0  Deus  omnipotens  VITULI  miserere  JOANNIS, 
Quern  mors  pneveniens  noluit  esse  bovem.' 


'Which  in  our  time  (saysCamden)  was  thus  paraphrased 
by  the  translator : — 
*  All  Christian  men  in  my  behalf, 
Pray  for  the  soul  of  Sir  John  Calf. 
O  cruel  death,  as  subtle  as  a  Fox, 
Who  would  not  let  this  Calf  live  till  he  had  been  an 

Oxe, 

That  he  might  have  eaten  both  brambles  and  thorns, 
And  when  he  came  to  his  father's  years,  might  have 

worn  horns.' " 

The  Latin  couplet  is  given  by  Franciscus  Swertius, 
Epitaphia  Joco-  Seria,  ed.  1645,  p.  87,  where  it  is  entitled 
"  Magistri  loannis  le  Veau."  Camden's  version  is  also 
printed  in  Pettigrew's  Chronicles  of  the  Tombs,  p.  121.] 

BECANCELD  OR  BACCANCELD. —  Two  councils 
were  held  here.  Are  we  to  understand  Becken- 
ham  or  Bapchild,  both  in  Kent  ?  B.  H.  C. 

[Bapchild  in  Kent  is  considered  to  have  been  the  place 
by  some  of  our  most  learned  antiquaries,  namely,  Camden, 
Dr.  Plot,  Johnson  of  Cranbrooke,  J.  M .  Kemble,  and  by  the 
editors  of  the  Monumenta  Historica  Sritannica,  fol.  1848* 
"  Some  few,"  says  Hasted,  "  have  supposed  it,  from  the 
similitude  of  the  name,  to  have  been  held  at  Beckenham,  a 
place  at  the  western  extremity  of  Kent;  but  Bapchild 
has  full  as  much  similitude  of  name,  especially  as  one 
copy  writes  it  Bachanchild ;  and  its  being  situated  in  the 
midst  of  the  county,  close  to  the  high  road,  and  so  near 
to  Canterbury,  makes  it  much  more  probable  to  have  been 
held  here."— History  of  Kent,  ii.  600.] 

WAR  or  INVESTITURES. — What  was  the  origin  of 
the  War  of  Investitures,  and  when  did  it  take 
place  ?  T.  O.  S. 

£The  war  between  the  Emperor  Henry  IV.  and  Pope 
Gregory  VII.,  1075-1085,  arising  out  of  the  endeavour  of 
the  pope  to  deprive  sovereigns  of  the  rights  of  nominating 
bishops  and  abbots,  and  investing  them  with  the  cross 
and  ring,  was  called  the  War  of  Investitures.] 


PUBLICATION  OF  DIARIES. 

(3rd  S.  v.  107.) 

When  I  communicated  three  articles  on  "  Ma- 
thematics and  Mathematicians"  to  the  Philoso- 
phical Magazine  for  March,  June,  and  September, 
1853,  I  had  no  idea  that,  after  the  lapse  of  eleven 
years,  I  should  be  compelled  to  "take  up  the 
other  battledore  "  in  defence  of  my  extracts  from 
the  MS.  journals  of  the  late  Mr.  Reuben  Burrow. 
Nor  should  I  have  deemed  it  necessary,  even  now, 
to  have  added  anything  to  what  is  there  stated, 
had  PROFESSOR  DE  MORGAN  confined  himself 
within  the  limits  of  legitimate  criticism.  But 
when  he  distinctly  charges  me,  in  p.  108  of  the 
current  volume  of  this  work,  with  having  omitted 
certain  portions  of  these  journals  from  motives 
which  are  "  not  due  to  supposed  irrelevancy,  or 
want  of  interest,"  I  feel  that  I  cannot  remain  any 


216 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[8**  S.  V.  MAR.  12,  '64. 


longer  silent.  I  wish  emphatically  to  assert,  that 
such  is  not  the  case.  If  in  any  extract  I  have 
included  a  sentence  or  two  which  may  appear 
immaterial  to  my  subject,  it  must  be  put  down  to 
inadvertence  only,  and  not  to  design ;  inasmuch  as 
a  sense  of  impropriety,  and  "supposed  irrele- 
vancy," were  the  only  motives  which  led  me  to 
omit  all  the  other  passages  which  may  be  found 
in  the  MS.  journals,  now  belonging  to  the  Royal 
Astronomical  Society.  The  omitted  portions  had 
nothing  whatever  to  do  either  with  mathematics  or 
mathematicians,  and  hence  their  nonappearance  in 
my  published  papers. 

When  those  articles  were  written,  I  knew 
nothing  of  the  abuse  of  Wales  and  Green,  con- 
tained on  the  fly-leaf  of  PROFESSOR  DE  MORGAN'S 
copy  of  the  Miscellanea  Curiosa ;  and  when  he 
forwarded  me  a  transcript  of  these  scribblings, 
with  a  request  that  I  would  send  them  for  inser- 
tion in  "  1ST.  &  Q.,"  I  declined  to  do  so  from  the 
repugnance  I  felt  against  becoming  the  means  of 
perpetuating  private  slander  and  obscenity,  whe- 
ther it  concerned  "  the  highly  accomplished  Dr. 
Halley,"  or  the  "  very  low-minded  "  and  ill-fated 
Mr.  Reuben  Burrow. 

Those  who  read  PROFESSOR  DE  MORGAN'S  re- 
marks, without  referring  to  my  original  papers  in 
the  Phil.  Magazine,  will  naturally  come  to  the 
conclusion  that  I  have  omitted  everything  "  which 
may  show  (Mr.  Burrow)  unfavourably."  Such 
persons,  however,  will  hold  a  very  different  opinion 
on  the  subject  after  due  examination ;  since  allu- 
sions to  his  irregular  habits — his  irritable  disposi- 
tion— his  extreme  prejudices — his  frequent  quar- 
rels— and  his  violent  antipathies — occur  in  almost 
every  page.  Nor  have  I  failed  to  caution  my 
readers  against  adopting  the  literal  sense  of  his 
words,  whenever  it  seemed  to  me  to  be  required. 
I  hold  all  these  characteristics  to  be  sufficient  to 
portray  the  general  "  character  of  this  accuser  of 
the  brethren,"  without  including"  those  objection- 
able items  upon  which  such  qualified  opinions 
and  cautions  are  founded.  It  is  indeed  matter  of 
gratification  to  me,  that  the  task  of  laying  on  the 
darkest  tints  has  passed  into  other  and  abler 
hands.  My  opinion  respecting  Mr.  Burrow's 
general  trustworthiness,  so  far  as  mathematics  and 
mathematicians  are  concerned,  remains  unchanged. 
No  court  of  law,  with  which  I  am  acquainted, 
would  reject  his  testimony  on  the  grounds  al- 
leged :  for  I  know  of  no  syllogism  in  formal  logic 
which  will  suffice  to  prove  that,  because  a  man  is 
occasionally  coarse  in  his  language,  and  brutal  in 
his  conduct,  he  is  therefore  not  to  be  credited  on 
matters  of  mathematical  history  or  biography, 
which  have  been  deliberately  communicated  to 
him  by  a  librarian  of  the  Royal  Society,  who  was 
intimately  acquainted  with  most  of  the  persons 
named.  T.  T.  WILKINSON. 

Burnley. 


TALLEYRAND'S  MAXIM. 
(3rd  S.  v.  34.) 

I  have  already  furnished  an  earlier  authority 
than  Talleyrand,  Goldsmith,  South,  Dr.  Young, 
Voltaire,  and  Fontenelle,  see  "N.  &  Q.,"  2nd  S. 
xi.  416.  I  now  propose  to  ascend  through  me- 
diasval  times  up  to  the  remotest  antiquity. 

Erasmus,  Lingua,  sive  de  linguce  u&u  et  abusu, 
(Opp.  iii.  par.  2)  :  — 

"  Exsibilatur  in  Ethnicorum  theatris  impia  vox,  'H 
•yXwTT*  ofj.wfj.oxi  ^  Se  (f>pr}v  ai'oytoTos.  Id  est,  Jurata 
lingua  est,  animus  injuratus  est.  Quin  potius  exploditur 
e  vita  Christianorum?  Cfr.  Cicero,  De  Officiis,  lib.  iii. 
c.  29." 

The  Jesuit,  Joannes -Eudaemon,  or  L'Heureux, 
took  Casaubon  to  task  for  saying  that  he  knew 
not  what  authorities  Garnet  could  have  for  his 
doctrine  of  equivocation  : — 

"  If  thou  hadst  read  Augustin,  Gregory,  and  the  other 
Fathers,  thou  wouldst  have  found  that  the  Patriarchs, 
the  Prophets,  and  God  himself  are  the  authorities  of  Gar- 
net's equivocation."  —  Eudaemon- Joannes,  Responsio  ad 
Epist.  Is.  Casaub.  c.  viii.  p.  164,  edit.  Col.  Agripp.  1612, 
quoted  by  Steinmetz,  Hist,  of  the  Jesuits,  iii.  162. 

Abbot,  in  his  Antilogia,  denies  that  these  eva- 
sions are  any  where  justified  either  in  Scripture 
or  in  the  works  of  the  Fathers  :  — 

"  Neque  calluit  hanc  doctrinam  Augustinus,  cui  in  tota 
ilia  tractatione  (de  Mendacio)  ubi  occasio  tanta,  nun- 
quam  ars  ista  ad  vitanda  utrinque  tanta  discrimina  tarn 
necessaria,  in  mentem  venit  ....  Da  mihi  tu  furci- 
fer  ex  omni  hominum  antiquitate,  loquor  indignabundus 
et  seger,  da  ex  omni  antiquitate,  Ethnica,  Judaica,  Chris- 
tiana, da  vel  unum  cui  reservationes  istae  tuse  probata? 
sunt,  nisi  siqui  forte  in  infamiam  notati  sunt,  et  humani 
generis  in  pestem  habiti." — P.  26. 

He  might  have  added  these  severe  expressions 
from  the  same  Father,  Augustine  (JDe  unico  Bap- 
tismo)  :  — 

"  0  quam  detestandus  est  error  hominum  qui  clarorum 
virorum  quaadam  non  recte  facta  laudabiliter  se  imitari 
putant,  a  quorum  virtutibus  alieni  sunt.  Sic  enim  et 
nonnulli  Petro  apostolo  comparari  se  volunt,  si  Christum- 
negaverint." — Opp.  ed.  Benedict,  ix.  537. 

Although  primitive  Christianity  exhibits  in  the 
pages  of  Tertullian  and  Justin  Martyr's  Apolo- 
gies, the  same  love  of  truth,  "the  fountain  of 
goodness,"  which  is  expressed  by  Moral  Philoso- 
phy (Arist.  Eth.  lib.  ii.  and  iv. ;  Drexelii  Opp. 
Spiritualia,  ii.  311),  religion  was  sacrificed  by 
sacerdotal  ambition  for  purposes  of  present  utility. 
From  the  maxim  "  Vult  populus  decipi  et  deci- 
piatur,"  sprung  the  tribunal  of  ecclesiastical  infal- 
libility, and  the  verdict  of  priestly  intention. 
The  laws  of  Casuistry,  afterwards  developed  by 
the  Jesuits,  were  founded  on  the  theology  of  the 
Fathers  by  Franciscan  and  Dominican  Schoolmen. 
"  Sed  verbum  sapienti." 

It  is  to  be  remarked  that  the  maxim  that  deceit 
is  justifiable  in  matters  of  religion  extensively 
prevailed  in  the  Heathen  world.  The  opinions  of 


S'*S.V.  MAR.  12, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


217 


Cicero  (De  Legibus,  ii.  and  viii.)  were  probably 
derived  from  Plato,  the  foundation  of  whose  rea- 
soning consists  in  the  expediency  of  deceit  in 
certain  cases,  for  the  purposes  of  government 
De  Republica,  lib.  iii.  (Opp.  vi.  446.)  The  same 
maxim  was  adopted  even  by  the  most  estimable  o 
the  Fathers;  by  some  during  the  third,  and  by 
many  during  the  fourth  and  fifth  centuries  ;  e.  g 
Origen,  Ambrose,  Hilary,  Augustine,  Gregory 
Nazianzen,  Jerome,  Chrysostom,  &c.  It  appears 
in  common  with  the  rest  of  the  political  philo- 
sophy of  Plato  in  the  Stromata  of  Clemens  Alex- 
andrinus,  ed.  Potter,  i.  xxiv.  p.  417.  Newman,  in 
his  History  of  the  Arians  of  the  Fourth  Century, 
refers  to  Clement  of  Alexandria  as  accurately 
describing  the  rules  which  should  guide  the  Chris- 
tian in  speaking  and  writing  economically  :  — 

"The  whole  subject  opened  by  him  deserves  a  fuller 
consideration  than  is  on  the  present  occasion  possible,  but 
....  there  is  cause  for  much  hesitation  before  it  can 
be  granted  that  the  language  of  the  Fathers  expresses  the 
meaning  of  modern  Divines.  It  would  seem  to  be  under 
the  influence  of  this  reasonable  hesitation  that  the  Bishop 
of  Lincoln  (pp.  398-403  of  his  Account  of  the  Writings  of 
Clemens)  has  furnished  a  long  list  of  passages  iu  which 
o'lKovofiia  and  its  conjugates  occur,  for  the  sake  of  show- 
ing that  the  authority  of  that  Father  in  particular  has 
been  erroneously  quoted  in  support  of  a  mode  of  interpret- 
ation, Kar  oiKovo/j.tav."  —  (Ogilvie's  Bampton  Lectures. 
1836,  pp.  233-4. 

Synesius,  who  lived  in  the  fifth  century,  has 
been  cited  in  "  N.  &  Q."  as  sanctioning  this  species 
of  hypocrisy,  but  I  cannot  verify  the  reference. 

I  now  hope  to  furnish  your  correspondent  with 
the  name  of  the  Greek  author  inquired  for. 

The  poet  quoted  by  Cicero,  ut  supra,  is  Euri- 
pides, Hippol  v.  612  :  — 

«  Hunc  locum  ita  Ovidius  in  Cydippas  Epistola  expres- 
sit,  Quaj  jurat  Mens  est;  nil  conjuravimus  ilia,"  &c. 
Barnes  in  loc. 

Other  examples  may  be  given  from  the  same 
poet,  e.  g.  Andromache,  445,  sqq.  In  p.  147  of 
Meric  Casaubon's  treatise,  De  Verborum  Usu,  are 
the  following  pertinent  remarks  :  — 

"  Porro  id  genus  hominum  (Matth.  xx.  6  ;  2  Petri,  i.  8  ; 

S.  Jacobi  iii.  7-14)  apud  omnes  cordatos  et  probos  quam 

male  semper  audierint,  liqueat  vel  ex  celebratissirao  illo 

Poetarum  principis  disticho  : 

'JEx8pbs  7*p  fjiol  nebos  6fjLu>s  Alodo  ir^cn, 

"Oy  x  erfpov  nw  KtvQr,  Ivi  <ppeW,  &\\o  Se  fay. 

[Cf.  Casaubon's  Epistle  to  Fronto  Ducceus,  p.  412.1     Ho- 

merum  imitatus  est,  qui  vulgo  Phocylides  : 


Lingua  mentem  proferto,  occultum  autem  in  animo  ser- 
monem  vitato    ....    Idem  paulo  post. 

M>}5'  (Tepov  KeuOrjs  KpaSty  voov,  &\\*  ayopevuv  ' 
M?}5'  us  irfrpoQvrjs  iro\virovs  /caret  x«/>a"  ajue/j8ou." 

BlBUOTHECAR.  CHETHAM. 


POSTERITY  OF  HAROLD  II.,  KING  OF  ENGLAND. 

(3rd  S.  v.  135.) 

The  following  extract  from  Rapin's  History  of 
England  (vol.  i.  2nd  ed.  1732,  p.  142),  shows  that 
Harold  left  sons  and  daughters,  but  does  not  give 
the  name  of  the  daughter  who  married  into  the 
Russian  royal  family :  — 

"Harold  was  twice  married.  By  his  first  wife,  whose 
name  is  unknown,  he  had  three  sons,  Edmund,  Goodwin, 
and  Magnus,  who  retired  into  Ireland  after  the  death 
of  their  father.  By  his  second  wife,  Algitha,  sister  of 
Morcard  and  Edwin,  he  had  a  son  called  Wolf,  who  was 
but  a  child  at  the  time  of  the  battle  of  Hastings,  and  was 
afterwards  knighted  by  William  Rufus.  By  this  second 
marriage  he  had  also  two  daughters,  of  whom  Gunilda,  the 
eldest,  falling  blind,  passed  her  days  in  a  nunnery.  The 
youngest  was  married  to  Waldemar,  King  of  Russia,  by 
whom  she  had  a  daughter,  who  was  wife  to  Waldemar, 
King  of  Denmark  (6)." 

In  the  foot-note  (6)  it  is  stated  — 

"  Tyrrel  says  (from  Speed)  she  was  mother  to  Walde- 
mar the  first  King  of  Denmark  of  that  name,  from  whom 
the  Danish  kings  for  many  ages  after  succeeded." 

Does  the  genealogical  work  which  HIPPEUS 
mentions  refer  to  the  armorial  bearings  (if  any) 
which  Waldemar  (or  Wladimir),  the  husband  of 
Harold's  younger  daughter,  assumed  in  her  right? 

Nisbet,  in  his  Heraldry  (vol.  ii.  part  in.  p.  88), 
after  mentioning  that  after  Edward  the  Confes- 
sor's death,  Harold,  the  son  of  [Goodwin],  Earl 
of  Kent,  usurped  the  crown,  states  "his  arms 
were,  as  by  the  English  books,  argent  a  bar  be- 
twixt three  leopards'  heads  sable." 

But  Edmondson  (vol.  i.  p.  183)  mentions  that 
Harold  bore  for  his  arms  "  Gu.  crussilly(?),  two 
bars  between  six  leopards'  heads  or,  three,  two, 
and  one,"  and  refers  also  to  Nisbet's  statement ; 
but  says  he  did  not  know  upon  what  authority  it 
was  made. 

Some  think  the  Saxon  arms,  such  as  these,  are 
fictitious.  However  that  may  be,  having  regard 
to  the  fact  that  Goodwin  was  the  name  of  one  of 
Harold's  sons  as  well  as  of  his  father,  it  may  be 
remarked,  that  there  still  are,  or  lately  were, 
extant  families  of  the  names  of  Goodwyn  or  God" 
wyn,  who  bear  the  charges  of  three  leopards'  heads 
upon  their  coat  armour — viz.  Goodwyn^  Wells,  co. 
Somerset,  and  Godwyn,  Dorsetshire,  "  gu.  a  che- 
vron erm.  between  three  leopards'  heads  or ;  "  and 
Godwin  "sa.  a  chevron  erm.  between  three  leo- 
pards' heads  or." 

Do  any  of  these  families  claim  descent  from 
Earl  Goodwin,  or  his  son  Harold  ? 

MORRIS  C.  JONES. 
Liverpool. 

HIPPEUS  inquires  for  the  posterity  of  King 
Harold  II.  It  was  as  follows  :  He  married  (1)  a 
ady  unknown,  by  whom  he  had  issue  —  1.  Good- 
win ;  2.  Edmund,  both  died  in  Ireland ;  3.  Mag- 
nus, resided  in  Ireland. 


218 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  MAR.  12,  '64. 


He  married  (2)  Algitha,  daughter  of  Algar, 
Earl  of  Mercia,  and  widow  of  Griffith,  Prince  of 
of  Wales,  by  whom  he  had  issue  — 4.  Wolf,  who 
survived  the  death  of  the  Conqueror,  and  was 
knighted  by  William  Rufus  ;  5.  Gunilda,  a  nun ; 
6.  Gida,  married  Vladimir,  Grand  Duke  of  Kiew, 
as  the  author  of  the  work  referred  to  correctly 
says.  CHARLES  P.  S.  WARBEN. 

10,  Green  Street,  Cambridge. 


TRIALS  OF  ANIMALS. 
(3rd  S.  v.  155.) 

By  the  Mosaic  law,  the  ox  that  had  slain  man  or 
woman  by  his  horns  was  condemned  to  die,  and  his 
flesh  was  prohibited  as  food.  JElian  notices  the 
bringing  of  oxen  before  the  altar,  their  general 
condemnation  to  death,  the  pardoning  of  all  but 
one,  and,  finally,  the  trial  and  condemnation  of  the 
weapon  by  which  the  animal  had  been  despatched. 
These  are  ancient  examples.  In  France  the  ex- 
amples are  numerous,  from  the  twelfth  to  the 
middle  of  the  last  century.  M.  Berriat  St.  Prix 
(Mem.  de  la  Societe  des  Antiquaires)  enumerates 
ninety-two  cases :  the  first  of  the  trial  of  field- 
mice  and  caterpillars,  at  Laon,  A.D.  1120;  the 
last,  of  a  cow  at  Poitou,  in  1741.  The  accused 
animals  consist  of  those  just  named,  and  flies,  pigs, 
bulls,  oxen,  sows,  horses,  mares,  cantharides,  rats, 
leeches,  cocks,  moles,  snails,  mites,  grasshoppers, 
dogs,  bitches,  male  and  female  asses,  goats,  sheep, 
mules,  worms,  and,  towards  the  end  of  the  six- 
teenth century,  of  tortoises  in  Canada.  At  Lau- 
sanne, in  the  beginning  of  the  thirteenth  century, 
the  bishop,  William  of  Embleus,  condemned  the 
eels  of  the  lake  to  be  confined  in  one  certain  part 
of  the  water,  the  cause  is  not  named.  Felix  Ham- 
merlein^  records  that,  in  the  diocese  of  Constance, 
cantharides,  and  the  larvae  of  various  insects,  were 
sentenced  to  confine  themselves  within  specified 
remote  and  wild  districts.  Ants  seem  to  have 
frequently  troubled  the  religious  law  courts  of 
Southern  France.  In  1587,  there  was  a  cele- 
brated trial  of  the  vine  proprietors  of  St.  Jullien 
versus  the  weevils.  The  vines  had  suffered  by  a 
visitation  of  the  latter.  The  proprietors  appealed 
to  the  bishop,  who  recommended  the  complain- 
ants to  pay  their  tithes.  This  having  been  done, 
and  the  remedy  failing,  the  matter  was  carried  to 
the  regular  courts,  where  long  pleadings  took 
place ;  and  the  plaintiffs,  though  they  got  a  ver- 
dict, were  compelled  to  find  a  suitable  place  where 
the  defendants  could  live,  feed,  and  flourish  in 
peace.  Some  of  the  larger  animals  were  brought 
to  death  for  having  been  the  instruments  of  name- 
less crimes ;  others,  for  "  murder." 

A  sow,  in  1403,  killed  and  devoured  a  child  at 
Meulan.  All  the  forms  of  trial  followed,  and 
here  is  the  bill  of  costs:  — 


"  Expenses  of  the  sow  within  gaol,  six  sols. 
Do.  the  executioner,  who  came  from  Paris  by  order  of 

our  master  the  Bailli,  and  the  "  procureur  du  roi," 

fifty- four  sols. 

Do.  for  carriage  of  sow  to  execution,  six  sols. 
Do.  for  cord  to  bind  and  drag  her,  two  sols,  eight  deniers. 
Do.  for  'gems'  (sic),  two  deniers." 

I  remember  nothing  corresponding  to  this  in 
England ;  but,  in  one  sense,  animals  here  were 
proceeded  against  in  cases  of  their  killing,  acci- 
dentally or  otherwise,  a  human  being.  As,  for 
instance,  if  a  horse  should  strike  his  keeper,  and 
so  kill  him,  the  horse  was  to  be  a  deodand.  He 
was  to  be  sold,  and  his  price  given  to  the  poor,  in 
expiation  of  the  calamity,  and  for  the  appeasing 
of  the  divine  wrath.  J.  DORAN. 


Proceedings  against  animals,  with  all  legal  for- 
malities, did  occasionally  take  place  in  France. 
Pigs  were  tried  and  burnt  for  assaulting,  or  kill- 
ing children,  and  horses  also  for  killing  people  ;  as 
one  was  at  Dijon,  in  1389,  for  killing  its  master. 
Bertrand  Chassanee,  President  of  the  Parliament 
of  Provence,  defended  the  rats  who  were  indicted, 
even  so  late  as  the  beginning  of  the  sixteenth 
century.  In  a  work  which  he  published  in  1531, 
he  decides  that  animals  are  amenable  to  trial; 
and  gives  accounts  of  indictments  against  may- 
bugs  and  snails  at  Autun  and  Lyons,  and  of  the 
celebrated  "Cause  des  Rats,"  in  which  he  was 
counsel  for  the  defendants.  A  treatise  was  pub- 
lished, even  so  late  as  1668,  by  Gaspard  Bailly,  a 
lawyer  at  Chambery,  on  legal  proceedings  against 
animals  ;  with  forms  of  indictments,  and  modes  of 
pleading. 

Such  trials  have  taken  place  in  England  also. 
An  account  of  one  of  these  trials,  of  a  dog,  was 
published  in  a  pamphlet ;  from  which  it  appears 
that  the  trial  took  place  near  Chichester  in  1771, 
and  that  the  chief  actors  in  it  were  four  country 
gentlemen  named  Butler,  Aldridge,  Challen,  and 
Bridger.  A  clever  burlesque  of  this  trial  was 
written  by  Edward  Long,  Esq.,  Judge  of  the  Ad- 
miralty Court  in  Jamaica ;  but  it  was  founded  on 
fact.  Such  proceedings  appear  strange  to  us,  and 
may  seem  unaccountable  ;  but  they  were,  after  all, 
but  a  grave  and  formal  mode  of  proceeding,  for 
the  end  which  is  attained  in  our  days  by  a  more 
summary  process, — the  destruction  of  animals  who 
have  been  the  cause  of  death,  or  serious  injury  to 
man.  There  was  no  occasion  to  throw  out  the 
gratuitous  supposition,  that  the  clergy  instituted 
these  trials  from  pecuniary  or  superstitious  mo- 
tives. I  had  hoped  that  we  should  not  be  pained 
with  such  insinuations  in  the  liberal  pages  of 
"N.  &Q."  F.  C.  H. 


3rd  S.  V.  MAR.  12,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


219 


LEWIS  MORRIS. 
(3*  S.  v.  12,  85,  142.) 

My  attention  has  just  been  called  to  a  Query, 
by  H.  H.,  in  one  of  your  January  numbers  ;  and 
also  to  what  purports  to  be  an  answer  thereto,  by 
a  gentleman  signing  himself  L^LIUS. 

As  H.  H.'s  Queries  are  really  unanswered,  you 
will  allow  me  to  say  in  reply  to  the  first,  that,  to 
the  best  of  my  belief,  nothing  is  now  known  of 
the  existence  of  such  a  pedigree  as  is  spoken  of 
by  Lewis  Morris  in  Lord  Teignmouth's  Life  of 
Jones.  However,  on  looking  through  the  collec- 
tion of  Lewis  Morris's  manuscript  works  m  the 
Library  of  the  British  Museum,  I  find  several 
apparently  authentic  pedigrees  of  various  ances- 
tors of  his,  written  by  his  own  hand  ;  one  by  the 
mother's  side,  tracing  descent  from  a  prince,  or 
chieftain,  named  Madoc  Goch.  Perhaps  one  of 
these  may  show  the  alleged  connection  between 
Lewis  Morris  and  Sir  William  Jones.  Lewis 
Morris's  lineal  descendant  is  the  gentleman  of 
that  name  who  will  be  found  holding  a  distin- 
guished position  in  the  Oxford  Class  List  for  1855, 
or  1856 ;  and  who  is  now,  I  believe,  practising 
either  at  the  Common  Law  or  Equity  Bar. 

With  regard  to  LJELIUS.  I  am  afraid  some 
patriotic  Welshmen  will  be  a  little  shocked  at 
finding  their  idol,  the  patron  of  "  Goronwy  "— the 
Msecenas  of  contemporary  literature  —  described 
as  having  succeeded  in  obtaining  a  situation  in 
the  custo'm-house  at  Holyhead.  The  fact  is,  that 
if  he  ever  held  such  a  position,  he  speedily  emerged 
into  what  was  then  the  very  important  and  lucra- 
tive post  of  Government  Inspector  and  Surveyor 
of  Mines  in  Wales ;  and  his  reports  as  a  public 
servant  are  still,  as  I  have  reason  to  know,  con- 
sidered by  the  crown  officials  as  authorities  on 
the  subjects  to  which  they  relate.  Moreover,  he 
was  twice  married — on  both  occasions  prudently  ; 
and  by  the  latter.'  marriage  he  obtained,  through 
his  wife,  the  estate  of  Penbryn,  in  Cardiganshire, 
where  he  resided  till  his  death.  Nor  perhaps  is 
it  a  sufficient  account  of  his  intellectual  position 
to  say,  that  he  was  connected  with  literary  pur- 
suits in  Wales.  The  fact  is,  that  he  is  still  con- 
sidered in  Wales  to  have  been  a  man  of  extraor- 
dinary intellectual  power.  As  an  antiquary  he 
was  so  distinguished  a  scholar,  that  his  unpub- 
lished work,  "  Celtic  Remains,"  is  supposed  to 
have  created  more  than  one  reputation.  His 
Welsh  poetry  is  thought  to  have  the  true  poetic 
ring,  and  is  quoted  to-day  by  many  a  homely 
fireside  in  Wales.  And  his  accomplishments  in 
languages  and  music  were  considered  wonderful  in 
a  self-taught  man,  whose  time  was  always  taken 
up  by  hard  practical  work.  As  to  his  quarrels 
with  other  literary  men,  I  dare  say  human  nature 
has  not  much  changed  within  the  last  century, 
but  I  have  never  heard  of  them.  As  to  troubles, 


with  reference  to  irregularities  in  his  accounts,  of 
which  L^LIUS  finds  no  account  in  any  recognised 
writer— but  with  regard  to  which  he  has  seen,  in 
some  "-Welsh  magazine,"  "curious"  statements— 
I  can  only  say  that,  with  some  knowledge  of 
Welsh  literature,  they  would  be  to  me  extremely 
"  curious  "  if  they  were  true. 

H.  H.,  if  he  wishes  for  real  knowledge  of  Lewis 
Morris  and  his  character,  will  find  it  in  a  com- 
pendious form  in  the  chapter  devoted  to  his 
"  noble  character,"  by  Mr.  Borrow,  in  his  recent 
work,  Wild  Wales.  His  picture  is  now  at  the 
Welsh  School  at  Ashford,  of  which  he  was  a 
benefactor.  Many  of  his  works,  and  of  those  of 
his  brothers  Richard  and  William  —  both  distin- 
guished scholars — are  to  be  found  under  the  head 
"  Morrisian  Manuscripts  "  at  the  British  Museum. 

CAMBRIAN. 


There  is  a  discrepancy  as  to  time  and  place  of 
birth  between  the  memoir  of  Lewis  Morris  quoted 
by  L^ELIUS,  and  that  given  in  the  Cambrian 
Register  for  1796.  L^LIUS  says,  that  his  ac- 
count of  Morris  was  drawn  up  by  Dafydd  Ddu 
Eryri;  and  by  it  we  are  informed,  that  Lewis 
Morris  was  born,  on  March  12,  1700,  in  the 
parish  of  Llanfihangel  Tre'r  Beirdd,  in  the  Isle  of 
Anglesey.  According  to  the  Cambrian  Register, 
he  was  born  in  the  aforesaid  island,  at  a  village 
called  "  Pentrew  Eirianell,"  in  the  parish  of  Pen- 
ros  Llugwy,  on  the  first  day  of  March,  1702.  He 
was  married  twice :  first,  on  the  29th  of  March, 
1729,  to  Elizabeth  Griffiths,  heiress  of  Ty  Wrayn, 
near  Holyhead ;  of  which  marriage  were  born  a 
son  and  two  daughters.  His  second  wife  was 
Ann  Lloyd,  heiress  of  Penbryn,  in  Cardiganshire ; 
at  which  place  he  died  in  1765,  and  was  buried  at 
Llanbadarn  Vawr,  in  the  aforesaid  county.  Nine 
children  were  the  offspring  of  this  second  mar- 
riage, viz.  five  sons  and  four  daughters.  At  the 
date  of  the  memoir,  there  was  only  one  son  living, 
the  third  of  the  second  marriage :  "  William,  now 
living  (1796)  in  Cardiganshire.  He  is  engaged  in 
republishing  his  father's  Survey  of  the  Coast  of 
Wales,  with  additions ;  and  is  also  bringing  out 
his  own  Map  of  Anglesey." 

This  is  the  "  William  Morris  of  Gwaelod,  near 
Aberystwith,"  who  gave  my  copy  of  Cambria 
TriumpJians  to  the  Hon.  Robert  Fulke  Greville. 
Colonel  Greville  was  born  either  in  1800  or  1801; 
and  as  he  was,  doubtless,  of  full  age  when  Mr. 
Morris  gave  him  the  book,  it  would  show  that  the 
latter  was  alive  a  good  way  on  in  the  present 
century.  A  son  of  his  may  be  now  living, 
made  a  mistake  when  I  stated  that  Lewis  Morris 
became  the  owner  of  my  copy  of  Cambria  Trium- 
phans  one  hundred  and  two  years  after  its  publi- 
cation. I  should  have  said  ninety-two  years  :  the 
book  having  been  published  in  1661. 

JOHN  PAVIN  PHILLIPS. 


220 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'<i  S.  V.  MAR.  12,  '64. 


WHITMORE  FAMILY  (3rd  S.  v.  159  )— Your  cor- 
respondent says,  that  "  three  places  in  Stafford- 
shire may  have  originated  this  as  a  family  name, 
viz.,  Whitmore,  near  Newcastle-under-Lyme ; 
Wetmore,  in  the  parish  of  Burton-on-Trent ;  and 
Wildmore,  in  that  of  Bobbington,  the  last  running 
into  Shropshire."  But,  as  regards  this  last  place, 
your  correspondent  is  not  quite  correct ;  and,  as 
the  correction  of  his  mistake  (such  as  it  is)  may 
tend  to  strengthen  his  surmise,  I  here  note  it. 
Wildmoor  is  a  spot  on  the  Staffordshire  side  of 
the  high  range  of  ground,  called  Abbots  Castle 
Hill,  between  Claverley  and  Seisdon,  and  is  about 
a  mile  and  a  half  from  the  boundary  of  the  parish 
of  Bobbington,  a  small  portion  of  which  parish  is 
in  the  county  of  Salop.  It  is  just  at  this  spot, 
within  Shropshire,  and  on  the  outskirts  of  the 
parish  of  Bobbington,  adjacent  to  the  parish  of 
Claverley,  that  we  come  upon  one  of  those  better 
class  of  farm-houses  which  may,  at  some  previous 
time,  not  improbably  have  formed  the  residence 
of  a  squire's  younger  son,  if  not  of  a  squire  him- 
self. This  substantial  house,  with  its  barns  and 
stables,  and  outlying  buildings,  its  four  cottages  for 
workmen,  and  its  well-stocked  farm,  is  that  same 
"  Wytimore  within  the  manor  of  Claverley,  Salop," 
to  which  your  correspondent  refers  as  having  been 
held  by  the  Whitmores  in  the  reign  of  Edward  I. 
On  the  ordnance  map  the  place  is  marked  as 
"  Whitimore ; "  but  it  is  locally  pronounced  Wit- 
tymere.  Mr  Whitmore,  of  Apley,  is  the  patron 
of  the  parish  in  which  Whitimore  is  situated. 

CUTHBEET  BEDE. 

TROUSERS  (3rd  S.  v.  136.)— I  believe  the  word 
Trousers,  in  its  present  signification,  is  not  more 
than  eighty  or  ninety  years  old.  The  following 
quotation  from  "  The  True  Anti- Pamela;  or, 
Memoirs  of  Mr.  James  Parry,  of  Ross,  in  Here- 
fordshire, in  which  are  inserted  His  Amours  with 

the  celebrated  Miss of  Monmouthshire.  12mo, 

1741,"  —  a  disgusting  memoir  of  the  last  century, 
seems  to  show  that  in  1741  an  article  of  dress, 
entirely  different  from  that  now  in  use,  was  in- 
dicated by  this  word :  — 

"  I  slipt  down  the  Garden  Stairs  with  my  Trowzers  * 
at  my  heels,"  p.  188. 

The  word  Trowzers  has  a  star  attached,  and 

this  note  at  the  bottom  of  the  page  : 

*  Trowzers  are  commonly  worn  by  those  that  ride 
post  down  into  the  North,  and  are  very  warm :  at  the 
same  time  they  keep  the  Coat,  Breeches,  &c.  very  clean 
by  being  worn  over  them." 

In  later  days  the  articles  of  attire  Mr.  James 
Parry  here  describes  were  called  overalls. 

This  book  contains  a  few  other  sentences  worth 
extracting,  e.  g. :  — 

"  This  woman hated  me  worse  than  a  Quaker 

does  a  Parrot."— P.  10. 

"In  the  Spring  of  the  year  1732-3,  the  Small  Pox 
broke  out  at  Ross,  and  prov'd  very  fatal,  so  that  Miss 


and  her  mother  hardly  ever  stirr'd  out  of  doors 

The  old  Lady  stufFd  all   the  windows   with   Tobacco 

Dust,  in  order  to  keep  out  the  infectious  air I 

carried  daily  a  large  Bundle  of  Eue  in  my  Bosom  " 

P.  81  '82. 

"  He  told  me  he  had  been  buying  a  suit  of  Cloaths, 
trimm'd  with  Frosted  Buttons,  at  Nicholas  Fisher's,  and 
Nicholas  advised  him  ....  to  have  the  suit  lined  with 
white  Shagreen."— P.  129. 

"Well,  my  dear,  said  I,  it  is  needless  crying  after 
shed  milk."— P.  131. 

"  The  house  that  Mrs.  P.  liv'd  in  was  built  of  wood, 
and  plaister'd  over,  then  painted  in  imitation  of  Bricks." 

^•"i  •    1  (>tr. 

"  A  fiercer  look  than  any  of  the  Tancoloured  Devils 
which  are  painted  upon  the  Church  Windows  of  Fairford 
in  Gloucestershire."  —  P.  204. 

"  Well,  thinks  I,  if  I  must  go  over  the  Herring- Pond 
there  is  no  avoiding  it." — P.  246. 

"  Mrs.  J — s,  whom  I  hate  worse  than  a  Magpye  does  a 
Toad." 

GRIME. 

HARRIET  LIVERMORE  (3rd  S.  v.  35.)— This  lady 
is  now  (January,  1864)  living  in  Philadelphia. 

ST.  T. 

DIGBY  MOTTO  (3rd  S.  v.  153.)  —  There  can  be 
little  doubt,  I  think,  that  the  motto  "Nul  que 
unt,"  refers  to  the  Supreme  Being.  Compare  the 
following  ideas  :  — "  .None  other  God  but  one  " 
(1  Cor.  viii.  4)  ;  "  None  good  but  one,  that  is 
God"  (Matt.  xix.  17)];  and  many  similar  passages. 
WYNNE  E.  BAXTER. 

FEMALE  FOOLS  (3rd  S.  iv.  453,  523.)  —  I  think 
that  the  earliest  female  jester  was  larnbe,  whom 
Queen  Metanira  consigned  as  a  merry  companion 
to  Ceres,  when  the  latter  was  looking  for  Proser- 
pine. The  Harpaste  of  Seneca's  wife's  household 
was  a  poor  idiot,  who  took  the  darkness  of  blind- 
ness for  that  of  night.  Theodora,  before  she  be- 
came the  wife  of  Justinian,  was  famous  for  the 
way  in  which  she  acted  buffoon  characters.  Ni- 
cola la  Jardiniere,  who  was  with  Mary  Stuart,  had 
been  the  folle  of  Catherine  de  Medici.  In  the 
"Diversoria"  {Colloquies  of  Erasmus)  we  find 
that  female  jesters  were  kept  in  the  inns  at  Lyons 
to  bandy  jests  with  the  sojourners  there.  The 
Grand-Duchess  Catherine  of  Russia  had  a  Finnish 
girl  for  her  jester.  The  male  jester  has  not  died 
out  in  that  country.  The  Dowager  Duchess  of 
Bolton  (natural  daughter  of  the  Duke  of  Mon- 
mouth,  by  Eleanor  Needham),  undertook  to  play 
the  jester  to  George  I.,  whom  she  constantly 
amused  by  her  affected  blunders  and  capital  wit. 
Lady  Bridget  Lane  Fox,  daughter  of  the  swearing 
Chancellor  Northington,  did  the  same  office  to 
George  III.  and  Queen  Charlotte.  The  official 
female  fool  still  exists.  Mrs.  Edmund  Hornby 
found  a  very  efficient  one,  in  1858,  in  the  hareein 
of  Riza  Pasha,  at  Constantinople.  How  this  jester 
kept  the  hareem  in  hilarious  laughter  by  her  bold 
wit,  A.  J.  M.  may  learn  by  consulting  Mrs.  Horn- 
by's book,  In  and  about  Stamboul. 


3"»  S.  V.  MAR.  12,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


221 


Readers  of  the  French  debates  will  perceive 
that  the  Emperor  there  retains  an  official  jester, 
in  the  person  of  his  illegitimate  brother,  M.  de 
Moray.  When  an  opposition  speaker  becomes 
troublesome,  M.  de  Moray  interrupts  him  by 
quips  and  jokes,  or  simulated  angry  words,  either 
of  which  produce  those  rires  prolonges  duly  re- 
corded by  the  Moniteur,  which  show  that  the 
office  has  been  happily  executed.  J.  DOKAN. 

THE  SEA  OF  GLASS  (3rd  S.  v.  155.)— I  find,  in 
Pole's  Synopsis,  extracts  from  the  writings  of 
Grotius,  Ribera,  and  Gomarus ;  suggesting  the 
same  idea  so  beautifully  rendered  in  the  lines 
quoted  by  OXONIENSIS  :  — 

"  Hoc  mare  vitreum  dicit — quia  Deus  et  actiones  et 
cogitata  populi  perspicit,  ut  recte  judicet  et  reddat  uni- 
cuique  secundum  opera  ejus." — This  from  Grotius  and 
Ribera. 

"  Solum  et  quasi  pavimentum  caeli  beatorum,  per  quod, 
quasi  per  mare  vitreum  et  crystallinum,  Deus  omnia  quse 
in  terra  sunt  conspicit,"  &c. — From  Gomarus. 

S.L. 

The  idea  of  the  "  sea  of  glass"  (Rev.  iv.  6)  re- 
flecting the  scenes  on  earth,  seems  to  be  merely  a 
poetical  fancy,  based  neither  on  Scripture  nor  on 
ancient  exposition.  The  Fathers  regarded  the 
crystal  sea  as  a  type  of  baptism,  shadowed  forth 
by  the  molten  sea  in  the  Jewish  Temple.  One 
Protestant  commentator,  Gomar  (Ap.  Poll  Sy- 
nops.  Cri/.),  speaks  of  it  as  being,  as  it  were,  the 
pavement  of  heaven,  through  which  men's  lives 
on  earth  were  watched.  This  is  the  nearest  ap- 
proach to  the  thought  in  the  poem  which  I  can 
discover.  W.  J.  D. 

THE  ORDER  OF  THE  SHIP  IN  FRANCE  (3rd  S.  v. 
117.)  —  A  long  account  of  the  foundation  of  this 
Order  will  be  found  in  Favine's  Theater  of  Honour 
and  Knighthood  (English  translation,  London, 
1623,  pp.  355—364).  St.  Louis's  first  voyage  to 
Egypt  was  from  Marseilles,  then  belonging  to  the 
Count  of  Provence,  August  25,  1248.  On  his  re- 
turn, he  built  a  port  and  haven  in  Languedoc,  so 
that  he  might  depart  on  a  second  voyage  from  a 
port  in  his  own  territories  :  — 

"  For  the  greater  animating  and  encouraging  the  No- 
bilitie  of  France,  in  attempting  this  Voyage  over  the 
Seas  with  him,  as  a  new  Kecompence  and  Prize  of 
honour  (besides  the  two  Orders  of  France,  then  in  full 
pride  and  request,  of  the  Starre  and  of  the  Broome- 
Fkure'),  he  instituted  a  third,  particularly  for  this  last 
Voyage:  the  subject  and  circumstances  whereof  were 
represented  by  the  collar  of  this  Order,  called  of  the  Ship, 
and  hanging  at  the  lower  end  thereof." 

JOB  J.  B.  WORKARD. 

OATH  "Ex  OFFICIO"  (3rd  S.  v.  135.)  — The 
nature  of  this  oath  is  more  fully  set  forth  in  a 
previous  Act  (16  Car.  I.,  c.  11,  s,  4),  whereby  it 
was  enacted  — 

"  That  no  Archbishop,  Bishop,  nor  Vicar  General,  nor 
any  Chancellor,  Official  nor  Commissary  of  any  Arch- 


bishop, Bishop,  or  Vicar  General,  nor  any  Ordinary  what- 
soever, nor  any  other  Spiritual  or  Ecclesiastical  Judge, 
Officer,  or  Minister  of  Justice,  nor  any  other  person  or 
persons  whatsoever,  exercising  Spiritual  or  Ecclesiastical 
Power,  Authority,  &c.  .  .  .  shall  award,  impose,  or 
inflict  any  pain,  penalty,  fine,  &c.,  upon  any  of  the  King's 
subjects  for  any  contempt,  misdemeanor,  crime,  &c.,  be- 
longing to  Spiritual  or  Ecclesiastical  cognisance  or  juris- 
diction, or  shall  ex  officio,  at  the  instance  or  promotion  of 
any  other  Person  whatsoever,  urge,  enforce,  tender,  give, 
or  minister  unto  any  Churchwarden,  Sideman,  or  other 
person  whatsoever,  any  Corporal  oath,  whereby  he  or  she 
shall  or  may  be  charged,  or  obliged  to  make  any  present- 
ment of  any  crime  or  offence,  or  to  confess,  or  to  accuse 
himself  or  herself  of  any  Crime,  offence,  delinquency  or 
misdemeanor,  or  any  neglect,  matter,  or  thing,  whereby, 
or  by  reason  whereof,  he  or  she  may  be  liable  or  exposed 
to  any  censure,  pain,  penalty,  or  punishment  whatever." 

As  to  the  oath  ex  ojficio,  see  Gibson's  Codex, 
tit.  44,  c.  4,  p.  1010,  of  the  2nd  edition,  1761  ! 
and  12,  Lord  Coke's  Reports,  26. 

JOB  J.  B.  WORKARD. 

THE  VERB  "  TO  LIQUOR  "  (3rd  S.  v.  133.)  — 
Your  correspondent  J.  C.  LINDSAY  seems  to  class 
this  word  among  "  Americanisms,'*  adding,  "  It  is, 
of  course,  confined  to  the  vulgar.'* 

Nevertheless,  we  find  old  Anthony  Wood  telling 
us,  nearly  200  years  ago,  in  his  Athena  Oxonienses, 
that,  on  the  occasion  of  a  Mr.  James  Quin,  an 
Irishman,  who  san»  a  fine  bass,  being  presented 
to  Oliver  Cromwell  at  Oxford,  that  he  might  pro- 
cure the  Chancellor's  pardon  for  some  college 
irregularity  — 

"  Oliver,  who  loved  a  good  voice  and  instrumental 
music  well,  heard  him  with  great  delight,  and  liquored 
him  with  sack,  saving,  «  Mr.  Quin,  you  have  done  very 
well,  what  shall  I  do  for  you?  '  &c.  &c." 

The  word  is  to  be  found  in  almost  all  our 
modern  dictionaries  as  a  verb  "  to  drench,  or 
moisten."  K.  S.  BROOKE,  D.D. 

CUSTOMS  OF  SCOTLAND  (3rd  S.  v.  153.)— "Fig- 
one"  is  a  mixture  consisting  of  ale,  sliced  figs, 
bread,  and  nutmeg  for  seasoning  ;  boiled  together, 
and  eaten  hot  like  soup.  The  custom  of  eating 
this  on  Good  Friday  is  still  prevalent  in  North 
Lancashire,  but  the  mixture  is  there  known  as 
"  fig-sue,"  the  origin  of  which  term  I  am  unable 
to  make  out.  The  dish  is  a  very  palatable  one. 

W.  P.  W. 

WILLIAM  DELL,  D.D.  (3rd  S.  v.  75.)— I  happen 
to  have  access,  at  this  moment,  to  the  register 
book  of  the  parish  of  Dr.  Dell,  Yelden  (not  Yel- 
don),  sometimes  written,  and  still  pronounced 
Yeilden,  an  abbreviation  of  its  old  form  Yevel,  or 
Gevel-dean.  The  following  excerpta  therefrom, 
relating  to  members  of  the  Dell  family,  may  prove 
not  unserviceable  to  your  correspondent,  and  an 
aid  of  your  editorial  note :  — 

"  The  Register  for  the  Births  of  Children  in  the 
Toune  of  Yelden  "  has,  for  its  first  item,  the  na- 
tivity (for  the  rite  of  baptism  is  subordinated  here 


222 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  MAR.  12,  '64. 


until  after  the  Restoration)  of  one  of  this  rector's 
children  :  — 

"An:  1653,  Decemb:  16,  Anna  Dell,  the  daughter  of 
William  Dell  and  Martha  his  wife  was  borne." 

It  also  records  — 

"Anno  Domini  1655,  Maye  the  16th,  Nathanael  Dell, 
sonne  of  Willim  Dell,  rector,  and  Martha  his  wife  was 
borne. 

"Anno  Domini  1656,  ffebruary  the  16th,  Mary  Dell, 
daughter  of  William  Dell  and  Matthew  (sic  /)  his  wife  was 
borne." 

From  "  The  Register  for  Burialls  in  the  Toune 
of  Yelden,"  we  have  these  farther  statistics  Del- 
liana: — 

"  Anno  Domini,  1655,  July  the  6th,  Nathanael  Dell, 
sonne  of  Willim  Dell,  rector,*  and  Martha  his  wife  was 
buryed. 

"  1656,  January  the  12th,  Samuell  Dell,  sonne  of  Wil- 
liam Dell,  and  Matthew  (iterurn)  his  wife  was  buryed." 

I  should  be  glad  to  be  informed  whether  the 
puritanical  doctor's  tomb  in  the  spinney  at  Wes- 
toning  be  an  extant  memorial.  No  note  of  it 
occurs  in  Tymm's  useful  Topography,  and  I  have 
not  Cooke's  to  refer  to.  R.  LXM. 

MARTIN  (3rd  S.  v.  154.)— Among  the  numerous 
possessors  of  Alresford  Manor  and  inhabitants  of 
Alresford  Hall  were  Matthew  Martin,  who  died 
July  20,  1749,  and  Samuel  Martin  his  son,  on 
whose  death  the  property  fell  into  the  hands  of 
his  brother  Thomas,  a  barrister.  (Morant's  Hist, 
of  Essex,  i.  453.)  The  vocation,  arms,  family, 
and  other  useful  and  interesting  information  are 
given  in  Morant's  Essex,  Vol.  ii.  188,  et  seq. 

WYNNE  E.  BAXTEK. 

THE  FIBST  PAPER  MILL  IN  AMERICA  (2nd  S. 
iv.  105.)  —  The  statement  that  the  first  paper 
mill  in  America  was  at  Elizabeth  Town,  in  New 
Jersey,  and  that  the  second  was  at  Milton,  near 
Boston,  Mass.,  is  an  egregious  error  that  has  been 
perpetuated  in  nearly  every  standard  work  on  the 
subject  of  paper-making.  The  first  was  situate 
in  Roxburgh  township,  Philadelphia  county,  Pa., 
and  was  at  the  commencement  owned  by  a  com- 
pany or  partnership,  among  the  members  of 
which  were  William  Bradford,  William  Ritting- 
housen  [Rittenhouse],  Robert  Turner,  Thomas 
Tresse,  and  other  prominent  citizens  of  Pennsyl- 
vania^ William  Rittenhouse  and  his  son  Glaus, 
or  Nicholas,  were  the  practical  paper-makers. 
They  were  Hollanders,  and  were  Dutch  Baptists 
or  Mennonists  in  their  religious  faith.  Glaus  was 
a  preacher  at  the  German  Town  Mennonist 
church. 

This  paper-mill  was  built  in  the  year  1690, 
and  was  in  operation  nearly  forty  years  before 
the  Elizabeth  Town  and  Milton  mills  were  begun. 
I  have  lately  read  before  the  Historical  Society  of 
Pennsylvania  an  essay,  entitled  Historical  Sketch 


*  Erased  by  some  retributive  hand. 


of  the  Rittenhouse  Paper  Mill,  the  first  in  America, 
erected  A.D.  1690.  My  essay  is  written  entirely 
on  paper  made  at  this  first  paper-mill  by  the  first 
paper-maker  and  his  son,  prior  to  the  year  1699. 

William  Bradford,  the  first  printer  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, and  the  other  middle  colonies,  was  supplied 
with  paper  from  this  mill ;  and  Dr.  Franklin  also 
procured  his  paper  from  the  same  source.  The 
second  paper-mill  was  erected  in  the  year  1710 
by  another  Hollander  named  William  De  Wees. 
Both  were  situate  near  the  Wissahickon  Creek,  a 
tributary  of  the  River  Schuylkill. 

I  have  a  great  variety  of  American  "paper 
marks ; "  and  I  propose  to  prepare  an  essay  on. 
Pennsylvania  paper  marks.  Further  information 
about  the  first  paper-mill  in  America  may  be 
found  in  The  Historical  Magazine,  frc.  vol.  i.  pp. 
123-4  (Boston)  ;  and  also  in  Bishop's  History  of 
American  Manufactures :  to  both  of  which  I  com- 
municated the  facts.  This  communication  is  writ- 
ten on  some  of  the  paper  made  at  the  first  mill 
prior  to  1699,  by  Rittenhouse  and  his  son. 

HOEATIO  GATES  JONES. 
Philadelphia,  Feb  1,  1864 


GIANTS  AND  DWARFS  (3rd  S.  v.  34.)— At  Bar 
num's  Museum  in  New  York  are  now,  Feb.  1, 
exhibiting  four  giants,  which,  or  who,  upon  the 
authority  of  the  advertisement,  are  "  each  over 
eight  feet  high,  and  weigh  "  altogether  "  over  fif- 
teen hundred  pounds."  Also,  "  The  Lilliputian 
King,  fourteen  years  old,  only  twenty-two  inches 
high,  and  weighs  but  seventeen  pounds."  ST.  T. 

AUSTRIAN  MOTTO  :  THE  FIVE  VOWELS  (3rd  S. 
iv.  304.)—  In  the  Atlas  Geographus,  1711,  I  find, 
in  a  description  of  the  Imperial  Palace  at  Vienna, 
that  — 

"  Over  the  gate  of  the  palace  there  are  the  five  Vowels, 
A,  E,  I,  O,  U,  in  Capitals  over  the  gate ;  to  which  some 
have  given  this  explanation,  Austria  est  imperare  orbi 
universo ;  i.  e.,  '  Tis  the  part  of  Austria  to  govern  the 
whole  world ; '  but  'tis  not  certain  that  this  was  the 
meaning  of  the  architect." 

A  little  further  on,  in  the  same  book,  in  the 
account  of  Neustatt,  or  Neapolis  Austriae,  is  the 
following :  — 

"  Over  the  chief  Gate,  they  have  the  five  Capital 
Vowels,  as  over  the  Palace  at  Vienna,  which  they  inter- 
pret thus,  Aquila  electa  juste  omnia  vincit,  i.  e.  The  Eagle 
being  chosen  justly,  overcomes  all." 

W.    I.    S.    HOBTON. 

COMMON  LAW  (3ri  S.  v.  152.)  — The  term 
"  common  law "  has  a  general  and  a  particular 
signification.  In  its  general  signification,  it  de- 
notes a  law  which  extends  over  a  whole  country, 
in  contradistinction  to  customs  and  laws  which 
are  confined  to  particular  districts  and  persons. 
In  this  sense,  it  will  even  include  statutes  of  the 
realm.  (Co.  Lilt.  142«.)  Blackstone  remarks  that 
the  term  was  probably  originally  applied  to  a  law 


MAR.  12, '64.  J 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


223 


common  to  all  the  realm ;  that  is,  the  jits  com 
mune,  or  folc-right  established  by  King  Edwarc 
tie  Elder,  after  he  had  abolished  various  pro 
vincial  customs  and  particular  laws.  (Bla.  Com 
by  Coleridge,  i.  67.) 

In  its  particular  signification,  the  common  lav 
comprises,  1.  General  customs,  or  unwritten  law 
which  extend  over  the  countrv  generally;  2.  Par 
ticular  customs,  or  those  which  are  confined  t< 
particular  districts  and  persons;  3.  Particular 
laws,  or  those  which  are  administered  in  par 
ticular  courts. 

1.  The  common  law  is  defined  as  lex  non  scripta 
in  opposition  to  lex  scripta.     This  is  a  particular 
signification  of  the  common  law. 

2.  It  is  opposed  to  such  part  of  the  civil  anc 
canon  law  as  it  does  not  recognise,  because  foreign 
laws,  as  such,  have  no  force  in  this  kingdom. 

3.  It  is  opposed  to  equity  in  a  particular  sense 
Equity  is  a    suppletory  system,  which  was  es- 
tablished in  later  ages  to  enforce  rights  which  the 
common  law  did  not,  and  does  not  now,  recognise. 
But  equity  is  not    altogether    opposed    to   the 
common  law,  for  in  many  cases  the  maxim  JEqui 
fas  sequitur  legem  holds  good, 

4.  The  lex  mercatoria,  or  law  merchant,  though 
it  may  be  distinguished  from  the  common  law  in 
the  general  sense  of  the   term,   is    part  of  the 
common  law  of  England,  in  the  same  way  that 
other  particular  customs  and  laws  are  parts  of  it. 

The  connection  between  the  general  and  par- 
ticular sense  of  the  term  common  law  is  now 
rather  remote.  The  introduction  of  equity,  and 
the  incorporation  into  the  old  common  law  of 
particular  customs,  the  lex  mercatoria,  and  parts 
of  the  civil  and  canon  law,  necessarily  intrench 
upon  the  term  "  common."  But  I  should  think 
that  the  common  law  of  England  may  at  the  pre- 
sent day  be  defined  with  moderate  correctness,  as 
that  system  of  unwritten  law  (as  opposed  to  equity 
and  statute  law)  which  is  administered  in  courts 
of  justice,  and  prevails  through  the  kingdom. 

W.  J.  TILL. 

Croydon. 

ST.  MART  MATFELON  (3rd  S.  v.  161.)— Will 
you  admit  another  note  on  this  vexed  question  ? 
I  am  not  familiar  enough  with  Arabic  to  say  that 
it  nowhere  contains  a  form  from  which  Matfelon, 
in  the  sense  ofparitura,  can  be  derived  :  but  what 
I^know  of  most  of  the  cognate  languages  con- 
vinces me  that  it  is  not  derived  from  any  offshoot 
of  the  root  yalad,  ^  :  it  might  come  from  the 
root  naphal,  ^,  and^  in  fact  we  have  a  word 
from  that  root  in  Syriac,  signifying  an  untimely 
birth,  an  abortion.  I  have  far  more  sympathy 
with  MR.  WALCOTT'S  view,  and  had  copied  out  a 
curious  passage  bearing  upon  it  from  Dr.  B.  C.  A. 
Prior's  Popular  Names  of  British  Plants,  p.  147. 
I  will  not  now  send  it,  but  I  earnestly  beg  those 
who  can  refer  to  it  to  do  so,  to  see  what  vagaries 


this  word  Matfelon  has  played.  And  yet,  I  do 
not  think  the  church  of  St.  Mary  Matfelon  owed 
its  name  to  the  plant  except  indirectly.  The 
case  I  take  to  be  this :  In  the  middle  ages,  the 
plant  Matfelon  was  believed  to  be  useful  for 
softening  and  hastening  the  removal  of  boils : 
hence  it  is  a  compound  of  the  old  verb  mater, 
to  macerate,  and  felon,  a  boil.  Probably  a  St. 
Mary  (which  I  know  not)  was  famous  for  occu- 
pying the  same  province  of  "  Leechdom ; "  and 
what  more  natural  than  that  some  one,  who  as- 
cribed the  removal  of  a  terrible  felon  to  her  kind 
offices,  should  found  the  Whitechapel  of  St.  Mary 
Matfelon  ?  The  old  explanation  of  "  felon-slayer  " 
is  doubtless  verbally  correct,  but  its  sense  has 
been  lost  sight  of.  B.  H.  C. 

GRUMBALD  HOLD  (3rd  S.  v.  115.)  —  Is  not  this 
connected  with  the  old  Saxon  (?)  name  of  Grim- 
bald?  One  Grimbald  was  Abbot  of  Hyde  in 
Alfred's  time;  another  was  famous  in  the  six- 
teenth century,  and  others  exist  in  our  own  day. 

B.  H.  C. 

DR.  JOHN  WIGAN  (3rd  S.  v.  37.)— Dr.  John 
Wigan  and  my  maternal  great-grandfather  were 
two  of  the  sons  of  Dr.  William  Wigan,  Vicar  of 
Kensington,  who  is  mentioned  as  such  in  Bishop 
Kennett's  Register.  I  have  an  admirable  portrait 
of  Dr.  John  Wigan,  kit-cat  size,  painted  possibly 
by  Hogarth,  and  by  his  side,  on  a  bookstand,  is  a 
volume  lettered  "  Friend's  Opera."  I  possess  also 
his  diploma,  signed  by  Sir  Hans  Sloane,  as  Pre- 
sident of  the  College  of  Physicians,  and  a  few  of 
his  letters,  written  in  a  more  or  less  humorous 
vein,  from  Jamaica.  Dr,  John  Wigan  went  out 
as  physician  in  ordinary  with  his  college  friend, 
Mr.,  afterwards  Sir  Edward  Trelawny,  when  he 
was  appointed  Governor  of  Jamaica.  Sir  Edward 
was  son  of  Sir  Jonathan,  one  of  the  seven  bishops. 
The  two  friends  married  two  sisters,  daughters 
of  the  principal  planter  in  the  island,  and  Dr. 
Wigan  appears  to  have  died  mancipiis  locuples,  as 
shown  by  the  inventory  of  his  effects,  taken  for 
the  purpose  of  administration. 

If  OXONIENSIS  wishes  for  any  further  inform- 
ation, may  I  refer  him  to  you  for  my  name  and 
address  ?  W.  WIGAN  H . 

COMIC  SONGS  TRANSLATED  (3rd  S.  v.  172.) — 
Latin  translations  of  "Billy  Taylor"  and  of 
'  One  night  it  blew  a  hurricane,"  are  appended 
to  the  second  edition  of  Johannis  Gilpini  Iter, 
Latine  redditum,  which  was  published  by  Vincent 
at  Oxford,  in  1841. 

If  this  be  the  translation  of  "  Billy  Taylor," 
after  which  your  correspondent  Tis  inquires,  I 
lave  the  best  reason  for  knowing  that  it  was  not 
nade  by  the  Rev.  C.  Bigge,  though,  curiously 
•nough,  the  original  of  the  two  additional  verses 
was  given  to  the  translator  by  the  late  Venerable 
2.  T.  Bigge,  first  Archdeacon  of  Lindisfarne. 


224 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3'd  s.  V.  MAR.  12,  '64. 


For  the  name  of  the  translator  I  beg  to  refer 
your  readers  to  two  Replies  on  "  Oxford  Jeux 
d'Esprit,"  at  vol.  x.  431,  and  vol.  xi.  416,  of  your 
First  Series.  C.  W.  BINGHAM. 

Several  translations  of  comic  pieces  may  be 
found  in  the  Arundines  Cami. 

C.  F.  S.  WARREN. 

Tis  may  see  translations  of  several  comic  songs 
among  the  Eeliques  of  Father  Front.  X.  Y.  Z. 

Mr.  Kelly,  publisher,  Grafton  Street,  Dublin, 
has  printed  for  a  student  of  Trinity  College,  Latin 
and  Greek  versions  of  "The  Ratcatcher's  Daugh- 
ter," and  "Wilikins  and  his  Dinah."  They  are 
very  clever  and  amusing,  far  in  advance  of  "  Stak- 
kos  Morphides  of  O'Brallaghan."  A.  B. 

INQUISITIONS  v.  VISITATIONS  (3rd  S.  v.  154.)  — 
The  Inquisition  represented  Robert,  Lord  de 
Flsle  of  Rougemont  (1357—1399),  as  having  died 
unmarried.  The  Visitation  Book  of  1623,  named 
a  son  of  his,  William.  HIPPEUS  seems  to  trust  the 
Inquisition  rather  than  the  Visitation.  Nicolas, 
quoting  Dugdale,  says  that  Robert  was  summoned 
to  Parliament  in  1357  and  1360;  but  never  after- 
wards, nor  any  of  his  posterity, — "  therefore  (says 
Dugdale),  I  shall  not  need  to  pursue  the  story  of 
them  any  further;"  but  (adds  Nicolas)  "the 
Barony  must  be  deemed  to  be  still  vested  in  his 
descendants  and  representatives."  The  words  I 
have  put  in  italics  would  seem,  perhaps,  to  justify 
the  record  of  Visitation,  rather  than  that  of  In- 
quisition. The  barony  of  Aldeburgh,  of  Hare- 
wood,  the  possessor  of  which  was  the  husband  of 
Robert's  sister  Elizabeth,  had  the  same  fate  as 
that  of  Robert  de  Insula  de  Rubeo  Monte.  Wil- 
liam de  Aldeburgh  left  a  legitimate  son,  aged 
thirty,  at  his  father's  death,  in  1388  ;  but  the  son 
was  never  summoned  during  the  three  remaining 
years  of  his  life.  Both  baronies  are  now  in 
abeyance.  J.  DORAN. 

P.S.  I  observe  that,  in  making  out  a  census  of 
the  peers,  some  doubt  is  expressed  as  to  whether 
"  Auckland  "  should  be  reckoned  as  a  bishop  or  an 
earl.  Here  is  a  precedent.  John,  Baron  de 
Grandison,  succeeded  his  brother  Peter  in  1358. 
John  had  been  Bishop  of  Exeter  since  1327  ;  he 
sat  in  Parliament  in  right  of  his  episcopal  dignity, 
and  was,  consequently,  never  summoned  in  his 
barony.  He  left  a  nephew  as  his  next  heir  ;  but 
he  was  never  summoned,  and  this  barony  is  also 
in  abeyance. 

NATTER  (3rd  S.  v.  125,  184.)  — Though,  very 
probably,  the  Anglo-Saxon  name  of  Ncedre, 
whence  the  German  Natter,  and  our  Adder,  was 
first  given  to  the  snake-family  with  reference  to 
their  creeping  position,  from  the  word  "  Nether, 
or  Nither,  Down,  downward,  below"  (Bosworth), 
still,  the  name  once  given,  how  easy  would  be  its 


transference  to  other  qualities  of  the  hateful  tribe, 
so  as  to  be  associated  with  the  idea  of  venom,  &c. 
Thus  Natter-jack  mi^ht  represent  Poison-jack,  and 
express  a  part  of  his  character,  which  is  not,  I 
believe,  quite  attributable  to  the  malice  of  his 
enemies.  C.  W.  BINGHAM. 


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THE  COMPLAYNT  OF  SCOTLAND.    Leyden's  edition. 

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ta 

Owing  to  the  requirements  of  our  advertising  friends,  we  are  compelled 
to  omit  our  Notes  on  Books. 

T.  B.    The  communication  has  been  left  at  the  office  as  requested. 

"  JERUSALEM  MY  HAPPY  HOME."— NOTSA  will  find  the  original  in  Gent. 
Mag.  Dec.  1850,  p.  582,  and  much  information  respecting  it  in  the  vol.  for 
1851,  Part  L  pp.  66, 114,  and  516. 

P.  W.  S.  We  have  not  yet  seen  L'Intermedlaire  des  Chercheurs  et 
Curieux;  or,  Notes  and  Queries  Franeaise,  but  daily  expect  to  receive  it 
through  Messrs.  Williams  and  Norgate. 

Y.  L. 

" Nothing  in  his  life 

Became  him  like  the  leaving  it."— Macbeth,  Act  I.  Sc.  4. 

BURNETT  QUERIES.  These  shall  be  inserted  if  t7ie  Querist  will  add  to 
them  where  the  answers  are  to  be  sent.  A II  queries  respecting  private 
individuals  must  in  future  give  this  information. 

R.  S.  T.  "  The  Lass  of  Richmond  Hill "  was  the  production  of  William 
Upton,  and  was  first  produced  as  a  new  and  favourite  song  at  Vauxhall. 
The  Lass,  no  doubt,  was  a  totally  imaginary  Dulcinea.  Vide  "  N.  &  Q." 
2nd  S.  ii.  6;  xi.  207. 

OLD  MORTALITY.  Le  Neve's  Monumenta  Anglicana  was  completed  fn 
Four  Parts  and  a  Supplement.  8vo,  17i7 — 1719,  being  Inscriptions  on 
monuments  from  A.D.  1650—1718.  His  Lives  of  the  Protestant  Bishops  of 
England,  in  Two  Parts,  were  published  in  1720, 8vo. 

U.  C.  Dr.  Thomas  Birch  is  the  author  of  An  Inquiry  into  the  Share 
which  King  Charles  I.  had  in  the  Transactions  of  the  Earl  of  Glamor- 
gan, Lond.  1747, 8vo,  and  reprinted  in  1756  with  an  Appendix. 

CAM  OL.    The  old  rhyme  — 

"  When  Our  Lady  falls  in  Our  Lord's  lap, 
Then,  England,  beware  of  mishap:  "— 

refers  to  Easter  Day,  not  to  Good  Friday.  See  "N.  &  Q."  1st  S.  vii.  157; 
Brady's  Clavh  Calendaria,  i.  283;  and  Fuller's  Worthies,  art.  "Berk- 
shire.  Fuller  has  given  a  list  of  the  years  on  which  the  coincidence  had 
happened  since  the  Conquest. 

ERRATUM.— 3rd  S.  T.  p.  140,  col.  ii.  line  2,  for  "  Hugh- Wade  Grey." 
read  "  Hugh  Wade-Gery." 


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its  maker's  recommendation."— F.  H.  Fawkes,  Esq.  of  Farnley.  "  The 
economy  of  price  is  not  procured  at  the  cost  of  efficiency.  We  have 
carefully  tried  it  at 
sessed  by  the  rnemt 


carefully  tried  it  at  an  800-yard  rifle-range,  against  all  the  glasses  pos- 
sessed by  the  members  of  the  corps,  and  found  it  fully  equal  to  many, 
although  they  had  cost  more  than  four  times  its  price."— Field.  "  Ef- 
fective on  the  1000-yard  range."— Captain  Sendey,  Royal  Small  Armi 
Factory,  Enfield.  "  An  indispensable  companion  to  a  pleasure  trip.  It 
is  as  good  as  it  is  cheap."— Notes  and  Queries.  Post-free,  10s.  lOd. 


is  as  good  as  it  is  cheap."  —Notes  and  Queries.    Post-free,  10s.  lOd. 
The  "  Hythe  "  Glass  shows  bullet-marks  at  1200  yards,  31s.  6d.    Only 


to  be  had  direct  from  SALOM  &  CO.,  98,  Princes  Street,  Edinburgh. 
No  agents. 


3rd  S.  V.  MAR.  12,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

TERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

ETROPOLITAN  COUNTIES  LIFE  ASSURANCE 
SOCI 


INUITY 


IETY. 


H.E.Bicknell.Esq. 
T.Somers  Cocks, Esq  . 
Qeo.  H.  DrewAEsq.,  M.A. 


.. 

.Somers  Cocks,  Esq.,  M.A.,J.P 

H.  Drew,  Es 
John  Fisher,  Esq. 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  B.  E.Howard,  D.C.L. 
James  Hunt,  Esq. 
John  Leigh,  Esq. 


W.  Freeman,  Esq. 
Charles  Frere,  Esq. 
Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.  Goodhart.Esq.,  J.P. 
.T.Hibbert,Esq.,M.AMM.P. 
peter  Hood,  Esq. 


Attent 
CIPLE 


Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.B.  Marson.Esq. 
.VansittartNeale,] 


larson,  Ei 
E.VansittartNe 
Bonamy  Price,  Esq. . 
Jas.  Lys  Seager.Esq. 
Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 
John  B.  White,  Esq. 
Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary — Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

ition  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
^  by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society's  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Rates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  the  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for. their  Reports  to  the 


Ho  CHAROK  MADE  FOB  Power  STAMPS. 
The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  AJWTJIXIM 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal.          

Now  ready, price  Ha. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 


O  S  T  E   O       E  I   I>   O   N. 

Patent,  March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

riABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH   and 

\Jf  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 

*""        MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 

27,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and  34, Ludgate  Hill,  London; 
134,  Duke  Street, Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 

Consultations  gratis.  For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press, testimonials,  &c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth/'  Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 

TR.    HOWARD,    SURGEON-DENTIST,    52, 

,EET-STREET,  has  introduced  an  ENTIRELY  NEW 
__._JTION  of  ARTIFICIAL  TEETH,  fixed  without  springs, 
s,  or  ligatures.  They  so  perfectly  resemble  the  natural  teeth  as 
not  to  be  distinguished  from  the  originals  by  the  closest  observer  ;  they 
will  never  change  colour  or  decay,  and  will  be  found  superior  to  any 
teeth  ever  before  used.  This  method  does  not  require  the  extraction  of 
roots,  or  any  painful  operation,  and  will  support  and  preserve  teeth 
that  are  loose,  and  is  guaranteed  to  restore  articulation  and  mastica- 
tion. Decayed  teeth  stopped  and  rendered  sound  and  useful  in  mas- 
tication— 52,  Fleet  Street. 


pIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 


ih.-2.  New  Bond  Street.  London. 


HOLLOW  AY'S  PILLS.— PREVENTIBLE  DISEASES. 
Many  are  the  maladies  which  silently  work  their  way  into  the 
lan  system  through  miasma,  noxious  vapours,  and  deteriorated  air. 
which  could  all  be  dispossessed  by  a  few  doses  of  these  admirable  PiUsi 
The  vitiated  gases  enter  the  lungs  as  we  breathe,  and  there  contami- 
e  blood,  which  will  convey  the  poisonous  particles  throughout 
y,  unless  some  purifier,  such  as  these  Pills,  be  taken  to  cleanse 
!  all  harmful  matters  from  the  circulation' 

value  health 


DEBENTURES   at  5,  5$,   and  6   PER  CENT., 

\J   CEYLON  COMPANY,  LIMITED.  Subscribed  Capital,  4350,000. 


Lawford  Acland,  Esq., 
Major-General     Henry 

Burn,  C.B. 
Harry  George  Gordon,  Esq. 
George  Ireland,  Esq. 


DIRECTOR 

,  Chairman. 
Pelham 


Duncan  James  Kay,  Esq. 
Stephen  P.  Kennard,  Esq. 
Patrick  F.  Robertson,  Esq. 
Robert  Smith,  Esq. 
Sir  S.  Villiers  Surtees,  K.B. 


MANAOBB_C.  J.  Braine,  Esq. 


The  Directors  are  prepared  to  issue  Debentures  forone,  three,  and 
five  years,  at  5,  5J,  and  6  per  cent,  respectively.  They  are  also  prepared 
to  invest  money  or  mortgage  in  Ceylon  and  Mauritius,  either  with  or 
without  the  Guarantee  of  the  Company,  as  may  be  arranged. 

SsSsSS^  at  the  ^  of  the  Company' 


By  Order, 


JOHN  ANDERSON,  Secretary. 


nHUBB'S    LOCKS    and  FIREPROOF  SAFES, 

\J  with  all  the  newest  improvements.    Street-door  Latches,  Cash  and 
Deed  Boxes.   Full  illustrated  price  lists  sent  free. 

CHUBB  &  SON,  57,  St.  Paul's  Churchyard,  London;  27,  Lord  Street 
Liverpool;  16,  Market  Street,  Manchester;  and  Horseley  Fields! 
Wolverhampton. 


STARCH  MANUFACTURERS 
TO  H.R.H.  THE  PRINCESS  OF  WALES. 

GLENFIELD     PATENT    STARCH, 
Used  in  the  Royal  Laundry, 
And  awarded  the  Prize  Medal,  1862. 
Sold  by  all  Grocers,  Chandlers,  &c.,  &c. 

Sold  by  Grocers  and  Confectioners. 

FRY'S      CHOCOLATE. 

FRY'S  FRENCH  CHOCOLATE  FOR  EATING, 
in  Sticks,  and  Drops. 

FRY'S    CHOCOLATE    CREAMS. 

FRY'S  FRENCH  CHOCOLATE  IN  CAKES. 
J.  8.  FRY  &  SONS,  Bristol  and  London. 

BROWN  AND  POLSON'S 

PATENT     CORN      FLOUH, 
Packets  Sd 
GUARANTEED  PERFECTLY  PURE, 

is  a  favourite 
DIET  FOR  CHILDREN, 

For  PUDDINGS,  C^ST'ARDS,  &c. 

SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERRINS' 

WORCESTERSHIRE       SATJCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 

"THE    ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERRINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
should  see  that  LEA  &  PERRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper"  LabSl, 
Bottle,  and  Stopper. 

ASK  FOB  LEA  AND  PEKBINS'  SAUCE. 

^^^isgt^^^&^^ss^ssf!a 

SONS,  London,  &c.,  &c. ;  and  by  Grocers  and  Oilmen  universally. 
CAPTAIN"    WHITE'S 

ORIENTAL  PICKLE,  CURRY,  or  MULLIGA- 
TAWNY PASTE. 

Curry  Powder,  and  Curry  Sauce,  may  be  obtained  from  all  Sauce- 
Vendors,  and  Wholesale  of 

CROSSE  &  BLACKWELL,  Purveyors  to  the  Queen,  Soho  Square, 
London. 

Diimeford's  Pure  Fluid  Magnesia 

Has  been,  during  twenty-five  years,  emphatically  sanctioned  by  the 
Medical  Profession,  and  universally  accepted  by  the  Public,  as  the 
Best  Remedy  for  Acidity  of  the  Stomach,  Heartburn,  Headache,  Gout, 
and  Indigestion,  and  as  a  Mild  Aperient  for  delicate  constitutions,  more 
especially  for  Ladies  and  Children.  When  combined  with  the  Acidu- 
lated LflDOn  Syrup,  it  forms  an  AGREEABLE  EFFERVESCING  DRAUGHT. 
in  which  its  Aperient  qualities  are  much  increased.  During  Hot 
Seasons,  and  In  Hot  Climates,  the  regular  use  of  this  simple  and  elegant 
remedy  has  been  found  highly  beneficial.  It  is  prepared  (in  a  state 
of  perfect  purity  and  of  uniform  strength)  by  DINNEFORD  &  CO., 
172,  New  Bond  Street,  London:  and  sold  by  all  respectable  Chemists 
throughout  the  World. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  s.  V.  MAR.  12,  '64. 


"  THE  STORY  OF  OUR  LIVES  FROM  YEAR  TO  YEAR."— Shakespeare. 
NOW     READY, 

THE    TENTH    VOLUME 

OF 

ALL    THE    YEAR    BOUND, 

CONDUCTED    BY    CHARLES    DICKENS, 

Price  5s.  Gd.,  bound  in  cloth,  comprising  the  conclusion  of 
VERY  HARD  CASH,  BY  CHARLES  BEADE,  D.C.L. 
A  WHITE  HAND  AND  A  BLACK  THUMB. 

THE  UNCOMMERCIAL  TRAVELLER,  a  Second  Series  of  Occasional  Papers,  by  CHARLES  DICKENS. 
MRS.  LIRRIPER'S   LODGINGS,  being  the  Christmas  Number  for  1863,  containing:  — 

How  Mrs  Lirrioer  carried  on  the  Business.  —  How  the  First  Floor  went  to  Crowley  Castle — How  the  Side-Room  was  attended  by  a  Doctor.— 
iiow  jars,  simper  «»™d  rloof  kep(.  a  Dog._Ho w  the  Third  Floor  knew  tne  Potteries—How  th<  " 


How  the  Parlours  added  a  few  Words. 


-How  the  Best  Attic  was  under  a  Cloud 


And  Articles  on  the  following  Subjects :  — 


IQUITY.-Dinner  in  a  Tomb  at  Thebes.    A  Classic  Toilette. 
ARMY Going  for  a  Soldier.    Military  Mismanagement.   Court- 
Martial.    Court-Martial  History. 
ART.— National  Portraits.    Paris  Picture  Auctions.    The  Shop-side  of 

AUSTRALI  A—England  over  the  Water. 

CHIN  A.- China  Ornaments. 

CHIROMANCY.-Give  me  your  Hand  ! 

CIVIL  SERVICE. -Competition  Wallahs. 

CRIME.— Case  for  the  Prosecution.  Case  for  the  Prisoner  (Highway- 
men's Adventures).  Watching  at  the  Gate  (Toulon). 

THE  DRAMA Parisian  Romans  (Claqueurs).  A  New  Stage  Stride. 

Mv  Pantomime.  Mr.  Will  in  the  Forest  of  Hyde  Park. 

EQUITATION.— Can  you  Ride  ?  (The  Mechanical  Horse). 

FISHERIES.-Herrings  in  the  Law's  Net  (The  Law  of  Net  Fishing). 

HISTORY— Romances  of  the  Scaffold. 

INDIA Something  to  be  done  in  India  (Water  and  Drainage).  Yes- 
terday and  To-day  in  India.  The  Indirect  Route.  The  Bengal 


JOURNALISM The  Pawnbrokers'  Gazette.    The  Police  Gazette 

(Gazetting  Extraordinary). 
LONGE  VITY.-Wonderful  Men . 
MUSIC.— A  French  Handon  the  Piano.  Musical  Physiognomies  v  Bards 

NATURAL  HISTORY.-Kites.    Sand  Grouse.    Herons.    Rooks 
Herons.    Vermicularities.    Don't  Kill  your  Servants  (Vermin  and 
Birds).    Cocks  and  Hens.     Laughing  Gulls.    Trifles  from  Ceylon. 
Fopul  ar  Names  of  British  Plants.    Plant  Signatures . 


NATURAL  PHENOMENA.-The  recent  Earthquake  at  Manilla. 
The  Fire  Sea.  Meteoric  Stones. 

NEW  ZEALAND.— A  Maori  Court-Martial.  Settled  among  the  Maoris* 

POETKY.— Two  Seas.  My  Neighbour.  Old  Friends.  God's  Acre. 
The  Glow-worm.  King  and  Queen.  The  Mill-Stream.  Genseric. 
Farewell  to  the  Holy  Land.  The  Siege  of  Ravenna.  Florimel. 
Richelieu.  Story  of  the  Lightning.  Let  it  Pass  ! 

POLAND.-When  Order  reigned  in  Warsaw. 

POOR  LAW.— Is  Union  Strength?  (A  Workhouse). 

RUSSIA.— Starting  for  Siberia.  Visit  to  a  Russian  Prison.  Monsieur 
Cassecruche's  Inspiration. 

SLANG — Deprivations  of  English. 

SOCIAL  LIFE  AND  MANNERS.— Country  Cottages.  Point  of  the 
Needle  (Dressmaker's  Life).  A  Handful  of  Humbugs.  Kensal  Green 
(Cemetery).  The  Business  of  Pleasure  (A  Greenwich  Tavern  and 
Cremorne  Gardens).  Silent  Highwaymen.  A  complete  Gentleman. 
Paint  and  Varnish.  A  Trial  of  Jewry.  Fetters. 

STORIES — Drawing  a  Badger.  The  Polish  Deserter.  Number  Sixty- 
Eight.  Making  Free  with  a  Chief.  Tipping  the  Teapot.  Iron  Pigs 
ataPic-Nic.  Irish  Stew.  A  Near  Shave.  Mop  Alley.  New  Orleans. 
The  Cage  at  Cranford.  Between  two  Fires.  Too  Hard  upon  my  Aunt. 
An  American  Mocking-Bird  in  London.  The  Real  Murderer.  Aboard 
the  Eveleen  Brown.  Turning  Over  a  New  Leaf.  The  Cardinal's 
Walking-Stick.  Shadowy  Misgivings.  The  Agger  Fiord.  Brancher. 
Pincher  Ast 


rmcner  Astray. 

SUPERSTITIONS  AND  DELUSIONS.— Eatable  Ghosts.     Appari- 
tions. Breton  Legends.  A  Monotonous  "Sensation."  Brain  Spectres. 

TOPOGRAPHY.— Derivations  of  the  Names  of  Rivers.    On  the  South 
Coast. 

Dockyard:  A  Visit 


I    THE  UNCOMMERCIAL  TRAVELLER._At  a  Dockyi 
and  j      to  the  Achilles  Iron  Ship.    French  Flemish  Life.    At  Monsieur  P. 
Salcy's  Theatre.  A  French  Flemish  Fair.  Upon  Funerals.  Titbull's 
Almshouses. 


Securely  bound  in  newly  designed  covers,  and  gilt  edged,  price  Three  Pounds, 

THE  TEN  VOLUMES  OF  ALL  THE  _YEAR  ROUND, 

Completed  since  the  Miscellany  was  commenced. 


1  and  2.    A  TALE  OF  TWO  CITIES,  by  CHARLES  DICKENS. 


3.    THE  WOMAN  IN  WHITE,  by  WILUIE  COLLIKS. 

HUNTED   DOWN,  by   CHARTS    DICKENS;  and  A  DAY'S 
!:  a  Life's  Romance,  by  CHARLES  LEVER. 


With  a  General  Index  to  afford  easy  reference  to  every 
article  in  the  Work.    The  Contents  include 
I.    The  following  NOVELS  and  TALES  complete :  - 
VOLS 

..    8.    NO  NAME,  by  WILKIE  COLLINS. 
..    9.    A    DARK    NIGHT'S    WORK,     by   the    AUTHORESS     of 

"  MARY  BARTON." 

..  10.    VERY   HARD   CASH,  by  CHARLS 
A   WHITE    HAND    ANI 
HENRY  SPICER. 


W    A 


READE,   D.C.L.;  and 
BLACK    THUMB,    by 


RIDE:  a  .Lite's  Itomanee,  by  UHARLES 
..    5.    GREAT  EXPECTATIONS,  by  CHARLES  DICKENS. 
..    7.    A  STRANGE  STORY,  by  SIR  EDWARD  BCLWER  LTTTON. 

II.    THE  UNCOMMERCIAL  TRAVELLER;  Two  Series  of  Descriptive  Essays,  by  CHARLES  DICKENS. 

III.    FIVE  CHRISTMAS  NUMBERS;  and 
IT.    A  COLLECTION  OF  MISCELLANEOUS  ARTICLES  on  the  most  prominent  Topics,  British  and  Foreign,  that  form  the  Social 

History  of  the  past  Five  Years. 
Singk  Volumes  and  Covers  of  this  Set,  and  the  General  Index,  may  be  had  separately 


Volume  XI.  begins  with  a  NEW  SERIAL  STORY,  entitled 

QUITE     ALONE, 
By    GEORGE    AUGUSTUS    SAL  A. 

ALL  THE  YEAR  ROUND  can  also  be  had  in  Weekly  Numbers,  price  2rf.,  and  in  Monthly  Parts,  at  26,  Wellington 
Street,  Strand ;  of  CHAPMAN  &  HALL,  Piccadilly,  London ;  and  of  every  Bookseller  in  the  Empire. 


Printed  by  GEORGE  ANDREW  8POTTISWOODE,  at  5  New-street  Square,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Bride,  in  the  County  of  Middlesex;  at 
Published  by  WILLIAM  GREIG  SMITH,  of  32  Wellington  Street,  Strand,  in  the  said  County.— Saturday,  March  12, 1864. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 

A  MEDIUM  OF  INTER-COMMUNICATION 

FOR 

LITERARY  MEN,  GENERAL   READERS,   ETC. 

"When  found,  make  a  note  of." — CAPTAIN  CUTTLE. 


No.  116. 


SATURDAY,  MARCH  19,  1864. 


C  Price  F< 


ition,  5rf. 


THE  ARCHAEOLOGICAL  INSTITUTE  of 

1  GREAT  BRITAIN  AND  IRELAND  has  removed  to  1 ,  Bur- 
lington Gardens,  W. 

PUBLICATIONS  FOR  SALE:  — 

THE  ARCHAEOLOGICAL  JOURNAL.  The  first  five  volumes, 
1944-48,  -published  by  Messrs.  Parker,  377,  Strand,  may  be  procured 
through  any  bookseller.  The  volumes  VI.  to  XIX.  may  be  had  at  the 
Office  of  the  Institute,  price  of  each  vol.  (in  parts)  30s. ;  but  to  Members, 
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I2s.6d.  Lincoln  Volume,  12.  Us.  6d.;  but  to  Members,  15s.  6d. 

The  Chichester  Volume  may  be  had  from  the  publisher,  J.  Russell 
Smith,  Soho  Square,  price  5s.  6d. 

The  Newcastle  Volumes  (two)  may  be  had  from  the  publishers, 
Bell  ft  Daldy,  186,  Fleet  Street,  price  21.  2s.;  but  to  Members,  U.  16s. 

Catalogue  of  the  Museum,  Meeting  at  Carlisle,  Is;  Gloucester,  Is.; 
Worcester,  2s. 

MEMOIR  ON  SCULPTURES  IN  LINCOLN  CATHEDRAL,  by 
the  late  Professor  Cockerell,  3s.  6d.;  to  Members,  2s.  6d. 

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Members,  9s.  6d. 

THOMAS  PURNELL,  Secretary. 

NEW  MEMBERS  OF  THE  ARUNDEL  SOCIETY. 

T»HE   FIRST    ANNUAL   REVISION  OF   THE 

1  NEW  LISTS  took  place  on  February  11.  Seventy-five  ASSOCIATES 
having  then  been  declared  admissible  to  the  Class  of  SUBSCRIBERS,  those 
first  on  the  List  have  been  invited  by  circular  to  take  up  the  right  of 
subscription  on  or  before  May  11. 

JOHN  NORTON,  Hon.  Sec. 
24,  Old  Bond  Street,  London. 


DRAWINGS  FROM  ANCIENT  ITALIAN  FRESCOES. 

WATER-COLOUR  COPIES  OF  SIX  GRAND 
SUBJECTS  from  the  LIFE  OF  S.  AUGUSTIN,  by  BENOZZO 
GOZZOLI.and  of  two  masterpieces  of  RAFFAELLE  in  the  Stanze 
of  the  Vatican,  have  lately  been  added  to  the  Collection  of  the  ARUN- 
DEL ^SOCIETY.    The  Exhibition  is  open  to  the  Public  gratuitously 

Lists  of  Publications  on  Sale.  Copies  of  the  Rules,  and  any  needful 
information,  may  be  obtained  from  the  Assistant  Secretary. 

*4.  Old  Bond  Street.London.  J°HN  ™RTON,Hon.  *"• 

Early  in  APRIL,  in  3  Vols.  post  8vo,  cloth, 

GERALDINE    MAYNAED  ; 

A  TALE 

OF    THE    DAYS    OF    SHAKSPERE. 

CAPTAIN  H*  CURLING, 

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NOTES  AND  QUKRIES. 


225 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  MARCH  19,  1864. 


CONTENTS. —N».  116. 

NOTES:  — When  was  Shakspere  Born?  225  — An  attempt 
to  ascertain  the  Kind  of  Hulk  in  which  Prospero,  Duke  of 
Milan  was  set  Adrift,  226  —  The  Stratford  Bust  of  Shak- 
speare  227  —  Shakspeariana,  228  —  The  Second  Shakspeare 
Folio,  1632, 233  —  Passage  in  "Cymbeline,"  234,  —Morganatic 
and  Ebenburtig,  235  —  Norfolk  Folk  Lore,  236  — Hymns 
by  the  Duke  of  Roxburgh  —  Anonymous  Contributions  to 
"  N.  A  Q."  —Heralds'  Visitations  —Vishnu,  the  Prototype 
of  the  Mermaid— Clarges— Thomas  Adams,  alias  Wel- 
howse,  238. 

QUERIES :  —  "  Ad  eundein  "  Hoods  —  Arms  wanted  — '  Sir 
William  Beresford'—  Carnpolongo's  "  Litholexicon  "  — 
John  Daniel,  and  other  early  Players  —  Di^by  Pedigree  — 
"The  Gleaner,"  &c.  — Family  of  Goodrich  — Abp.  Hamil- 
ton—Heraldic  Query  — Rev.  James  Kennedy— William 
Lillington  Lewis  —  Joseph  Massie  —  Rebus  wanted  — 
Richard  Smith— St.  John  Climachus  —  Song :  "Is  it  to 
try  me?"  — Sophocles  — Theocritus  — Wills  at  Llandaff, 
239. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS:— Milton's  "mere  A.  S.  and 
Rutherford"  —  Sir  Richard  Ford  — An  Epitaph— Gut- 
teridge,  the  Poet,  a  Native  of  Shoreditch  —  "  Chough  and 
CrOW  »— Champak  Odours  —  Bishop  Prideaux's  Portrait  — 
"  Young  Lovell's  Bride,"  242. 

REPLIES: —Parish  Registers,  248  —  Greek  and  Roman 
Games,  &c.,  244  — The  Newton  Stone,  245  — Sir  Robert 
Vernon  —  Sortes  Virgilianse  —  Simon  and  the  Dauphin  — 
Posterity  of  Harold,  King  of  England—  Paul  Bowes  — 
Harvey  Family  —  Owen  Glyndwr's  Parliament  House  — 
Quotations  wanted  —  Great  Battle  of  Cats  —  Rosary  — 
"  Retreat "  —  An  Eastern  King's  Device  —  Inchgaw  —  Epi- 
gram attributed  to  Pope  —  Jeremiah  Horrocks,  the  Astro- 
nomer —  Torringtou  Family,  &c.,  246. 

Notes  on  Books.  &c. 


WHEN  WAS  SHAKSPERE  BORN? 

(From  An  Argument  on  the  Assumed  Birthday  of 
Shakspere.^ 

I  must  now,  in  order  to  refresh  the  memory  of 
the  reader,  give  a  retrospective  summary  of  facts 
and  fictions,  with  comments — the  subjects  being 
SHAKSPERE,  William  Oldys,  esquire,  Norroy- 
king-at-arms,  the  rev.  Joseph  Greene,  B.A.,  and 
Edmond  Malone,  esquire. 

WILLIAM,  son  of  John  Shakspere,  was  baptised 
at  Stratford-upon-Avon  on  the  26  April  1564, 
and  died  on  the  23  April  1616  in  the  fifty- third 
year  of  his  age.  He  was  buried  at  Stratford  on 
the  25  April,  and  is  described  in  the  register  as  a 
gentleman.  —  I  rely  on  Malone,  and  have  said  no 
more  on  Shakspere  than  the  argument  requires, 
but  cannot  avoid  reflecting  on  the  proceedings  of 
this  year.  With  the  utmost  respect  for  the  Lon- 
don committee,  I  must  crave  leave  to  record  my 
opinion  that  equity  and  congruity  are  rather  more 
conspicuous  in  Warwickshire. 

Oldys  had  much  experience  in  biographic  com- 
position, but  he  asserts  that  Shakspere  was  born 
on  the  23  April  1563,  and  that  he  died  at  the  age 
of  53,  A.D.  1616. — He  converts  the  day  and  month 
of  the  decease  of  Shakspere  into  the  day  and 
month  of  his  birth  ;  contradicts  the  parish  register 
as  to  the  year  of  his  birth ;  and  contradicts  the 


monumental  inscription  as  to  his  age  at  the  time 
of  decease.  The  assertions  of  Oldys,  testified  by 
his  handwriting,  have  no  other  basis  than  his  own 
misconceptions. 

Greene  was  for  many  years  master  of  the  gram- 
mar-school at  Stratford,  and  therefore  had  the 
means  of  verifying  current  reports,  but  he  as 
much  as  asserts  that  Shakspere  was  born  in  1563, 
for  he  states  that  he  "  died  at  the  age  of  53." 
This  statement  was  printed  in  1759.  At  a  later 
date,  he  added  this  note  to  the  baptismal  item  of 
William  Shakspere,  in  some  extracts  from  the 
Stratford  register,  which  were  published  by 
Steevens  in  1773  —  "  Born  April  23, 1564."  This 
date  was  adopted  by  Malone  in  1778,  and  has 
been  repeated  by  numerous  authors,  native  and 
foreign,  to  the  present  time.  Even  those  who  do 
not  adopt  it,  condescend  to  notice  it  as  tradition 
or  reported  tradition.  —  The  assertions  of  Greene 
are  almost  identic  with  those  of  Oldys,  a  circum- 
stance which  I  cannot  explain.  But  this  I  can 
affirm :  He  was  a  reader  at  the  British  Museum 
before  1772 ;  transcribed  the  will  of  Shakspere  for 
his  patron,  Mr.  West ;  and  may  have  consulted 
the  annotated  Langbaine.  He  names  the  birthday 
of  Shakspere  without  one  word  of  evidence;  con- 
tradicts the  parish  register  as  to  the  year  of  his 
birth;  and  contradicts  the  inscription  as  to  his 
age  at  the  time  of  decease. 

Malone,  as  above  stated,  had  precursors  on  the 
birthday  theory,  but  it  was  the  reputation  of 
Malone  that  gave  it  currency.  He  afterwards 
found  time  for  inquiry.  The  proof  appears  in  the 
posthumous  Life  of  William  Shakspeare,  1821,  8°. 
He  therein  states  that  Shakspere  was  born  pro- 
bably on  the  23  April  1564,  and  admits  that  "  we 
have  no  direct  evidence  for  the  fact."  In  a  note 
on  the  Stratford  register,  which  records  the  bap- 
tism of  Shakspere  on  the  26  April  1564,  he  writes 
thus  :  "  He  was  born  three  days  before,  April  23, 
1564.  —  I  have  said  this  on  the  faith  of  Greene, 
who,  I  find,  made  the  extract  from  the  register 
which  Mr.  West  gave  Mr.  Steevens ;  but  quaere, 
how  did  Mr.  Greene  ascertain  this  fact?"  He 
also  says,  "  for  this,  as  I  conceive,  his  only  autho- 
rity was  the  inscription  " — which  affords  no  such 
evidence!  The  sum  of  the  above  remarks  is 
surely  equivalent  to  recantation,  and  I  am  justi- 
fied in  asserting  that  Malone,  on  due  reflection, 
renounced  the  authority  of  Greene.  Now,  it  was 
on  the  faith  of  Mr.  Greene  that  Malone  had  pro- 
claimed in  positive  terms,  and  as  his  own  con- 
tribution to  the  life  of  Shakspere — *'  He  was  born 
on  the  23  of  April  1564."  —  I  need  not  point  out 
the  inevitable  conclusion :  the  stream  cannot  be 
more  pure  than  its  source.  In  plain  terms,  THE 

ASSUMED  BIRTHDAY  OF  SHAKSPERE  IS  A  FICTION. 

In  a  short  note,  published  on  the  23  April  1.859, 
I  declared  my  persuasion,  on  the  evidence  of  the 
inscription  alone,  that  Shakspere  "  was  born  before 


226 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  MAR,  19,  '64. 


the  23  April  1564."  I  must  now  declare,  after 
tracing  the  question  through  the  printed  evidence 
of  two  centuries,  that  these  is  no  substantial  evi- 
dence of  a  contrary  tendency  —  but,  as  Johnson 
remarks,  "  Every  man  adheres  as  long  as  he  can  to 
Tits  own pre- conceptions" 

As  the  eulogist  of  Oldys,  some  twenty-five  years 
since,  and  also,  at  a  later  date,  of  Malone,  I 
must  not  be  taxed  with  prejudice  or  critical  harsh- 
ness on  this  occasion.  In  fact,  the  discoveries 
now  announced  have  been  a  source  of  vexation  to 
me — but  which,  once  made,  it  would  not  become 
me  to  suppress.  BOLTON  CORNET. 


AN  ATTEMPT  TO  ASCERTAIN  THE  KIND  OF 
HULK  IN  WHICH  PROSPERO,  DUKE  OF  MILAN, 
WAS  SET  ADRIFT. 

That  the  rotten  carcass  of  a  butt  was  an  old 
wine  cask,  is  a  supposition  too  ridiculous  to  be 
entertained  by  any  one  who  has  seen  salt  water. 
Had  Shakspeare  said  this,  it  would  have  been  a 
sore  point  for  ever,  a  tavern  joke  of  which  he 
never  would  have  heard  the  last ;  but  he  was  too 
good  a  sailor  to  have  dreamt  of  such  a  thing  even 
at  his  sleepiest,  and  the  mention  of  the  wanting 
tackle,  sails,  mast,  and  rats  shows  that  he  did  nof. 
But  this  being  set  aside  —  and  it  has  been  suffi- 
ciently set  aside  by  Mr.  Dyce  —  there  remains 
the  .question  whether  the  word  is  a  misprint,  or 
an  unknown  nautical  term.  For  my  own  part,  I 
had  for  long  held  the  latter  opinion,  and  for  this 
reason,  that  we  find  Othello  saying  :  — 
"  Here  is  my  journey's  end,  here  is  my  butt, 
And  very  sea-mark  of  my  utmost  sail." 

ActV.  Sc.  2. 

Now  there  is  no  reason  of  circumstance  why 
Othello  the  soldier  should  use  or  go  off  into  a 
sea-simile,  unless  this,  that  the  sound  of  the  word 
butt,  by  the  laws  of  association,  brought  vaguely 
before  his  mind  (that  is  to  Shakspeare's  fruitful 
and  versatile  imagination)  the  idea  of  the  sea 
and  so  led  him  to  speak  no  longer  of  a  land  butt, 
but  of  a  sea  beacon.     And  this  argument  will   I 
thl«ki :  appear  the  stronger  to  those  who  have  at- 
tended to  Shakspeare's  language,  because  I  think 
it  can  have  escaped  none  such  that  he  has  made 
word  suggest  word  (of  course  in  subordination  to 
i  leading  thoughts  or  emotions),  and  phrase 
suggest  phrase  according  to  the  law  of  association 
f  ideas,  and  this  not  merely  because  he  wrote 
hastily,  or  because  the  ability  to  see  an  object 
simultaneously  m  all  its  aspects  and  resemblances 
was  a  leading  peculiarity  of  his  mind,  but  because 
ne  wittingly  and  of  purpose  made  use  of  this  law 
knowing  it  to  be  a  main  law  of  extempore  and 
unpremeditated  speech.* 


notir  r'  some  of  which      ve 

noticed  and  some  not,  are  wonderful  examples  as 


My  only  doubt  was,  whether  the  word  was  an 
English  sea-term,  or  one  borrowed  by  Shak- 
speare from  the  Italian  original,  and  used  as  other 
words  are  used  in  other  plays  to  give  a  local 
colouring  to  the  tale.  It  may  yet  be  found  to 
have  been  English,  but  at  present  I  have  only 
found  it  in  Italian.  Looking  in  Vauzon's  Diz. 
Univ.  d.  L.  Italiana  for  another  word,  I  came  across 
what  I  ought  to  have  seen  long  ago,  viz. :  — 

"  BOTTO,  a  nautical  term.  A  kind  of  galliot,  Dutch 
or  Flemish,  the  after  part  of  which  is  built  like  a  « fluyt ' 
(la  cui  poppa  ha  la  forma  d'une  flauto)." 

Turning  thence  to  "  Galea,"  I  found  under  it  : 

"  GALE-A-OTTA.  Olandese.  Bastimento  di  carico  che 
ha  sull'  estremita  della  poppa  una  mezzanetta  con  un 
ghisso  che  insieme  col  suo  Lorn  rimane  affatto  fuori  del 
bordo ;  una  maestra  a  piffero  con  una  randa  ed  una  gabbia 
molta  allunata ;  uno  straglio  di  prua  all'  alberodi  maestra, 
che  fa  le  veci  di  un  trinchetto,  e  de'  flocci  sovra  il  bom- 
presso." 

That  is  to  say,  a  Dutch  galliot  is  a  merchant 
vessel  with  a  small  mizenmast  stept  far  aft,  so 
that  the  boom  and  gaff  of  the  small  spanker  pro- 
ject in  great  part  over  the  bulwarks,  a  square 
mainsail  with  a  main  topsail,  a  topsail,  a  forestay 
to  the  mainmast  (there  being  no  foremast),  with 
forestaysail  and  jibs.     A  rig,  in  fact,  similar  to 
that   of  the  old  Welsh  sloops.     Now  as  to  the 
shape  of  the  hull,  Vauzon  has  said  that  the  after 
part  is  built  like  a  fluyt,  and  he  describes  a  fluyt 
as  a  large  Dutch  cargo  vessel  with  very  rounded 
ribs,  very  little  run  and  flattish  bottom,  the  ribs 
joining  the  keel  almost  horizontally,  a  sort  of  tub 
of  a  thing  ;  and  this  agrees  with  the  description  of 
a  Dutch  galliot  just  given  me  by  a  seaman  who 
knows  them,  they  being  round-sterned  and  clumsy 
in  build,  though  good  sea  boats.     With  this,  too, 
agrees   the   word   Botto,    the  root  bott    both   in 
Italian  and  in  our  own  boat,  butt,  vat,  &c.,  and  in 
the  Portuguese  bota,  a  long  boat,  signifying  some- 
thing   rounded,  and    as   it  were,  barrel-shaped. 
Lastly,  the  word  *'  bustle,"  an  article  of  female 
attire,  and  the  old  "  buzzled,"  will  exemplify  the 
change  of  the  Italian  o  into  the  English  u. 

There  being,  therefore,  in  the  Italian  harbour, 
or  possibly  lying  on  the  beach,  some  old  rotten 
hulk  of  this  kind,  too  rotten  to  be  taken  home,  or 
to  be  even  worth  the  trouble  of  breaking  up,  the 
nobleman  in  charge  of  Prospero  was  ordered  to 
take  it  in  tow,  into  mid-sea  and  well  out  of  sight 
of  land,  and  then  turn  it  adrift  with  Prospero  in 
it.  Luckily  for  us,  he  was  cast  ashore  at  Lampe- 
dusa.  BRINSLEY  NICHOLSON. 

In  the  Mediterranean,  off  Algiers. 

well  as  proofs  of  this,  the  association  of  ideas  being  such 
as  would  occur  not  to  a  sane,  but  to  a  crazed  and  aged 
man. 


3*  S.  V.  MAR.  19,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


227 


THE  STRATFORD  BUST  OF  SHAKSPEARE. 

Of  the  value  and  importance  of  the  Stratford 
monumental  bust,  and  of  the  Droeshout  engrav- 
ing—not as  works  of  art,  but  as  trustworthy 
representations  of  Shakspeare  in  his  habit  as  he 
lived,  there  can  scarcely  be  two  opinions.  That 
the  monumental  effigies  erected  to  the  memory  of 
the  illustrious  dead  were,  in  the  majority  of  cases, 
faithful  likenesses,  few  can  doubt.  Few  can  have 
stepped  from  the  south  aisle  of  Henry  VII.'s 
chapel,  after  gazing  upon  the  beautiful  effigy  of 
the  unhappy  Queen  of  Scots,  and  then  cast  his 
eyes  upon  the  sterner  features  of  her  successful 
rival,  the  great  Elizabeth,  without  feeling  con- 
vinced that  he  had  looked  upon  faithful  likenesses 
of  those  remarkable  women. 

To  the  truthfulness  of  the  likeness  in  the  Strat- 
ford monument  we  have  the  best  evidence,  as  MR. 
DYCE  has  well  observed,  in  the  fact  that  it  was 
raised  at  the  charge  of  Shakspeare's  family,  in  the 
laudable  anxiety  that  the  features  of  their  illus- 
trious relative  should  be  known  to  posterity ;  and 
if  the  bust  exhibits  somewhat  more  than  one 
should  expect  of  a  certain  "bonhommie  and  good 
nature,"  as  Mr.  Friswell  declares  it  does — and  if 
he  is  right  in  his  assertion,  that  "  the  cheeks  are 
fat  and  sensual "  —  it  must  be  remembered  that 
Shakspeare  was  not  only  the  mighty  genius  to 
whom  we  owe  works  almost  divine,  but  that  he 
was  foremost  "  in  the  things  done  at  the  Mer- 
maid," as  if  he  had  "  meant  to  put  his  whole  wit 
in  a  jest ;"  that  Aubrey  describes  him  as  a  "  hand- 
some and  well-shaped  man,  very  good  company, 
and  of  a  very  ready,  and  pleasant,  and  smooth 
wit;"  that  tradition  asserts  he  took  part  in  the 
drinking  bout  with  "piping  Pebworth  and  drunken 
Bidford;"  while  Ward,  in  his  Diary,  says  his 
death  was  hastened  by  a  merry  meeting  with 
Drayton  and  Ben  Jonson.  It  should  be  added, 
that  the  photograph  of  the  bust,  just  published  in 
Mr.  Friswell's  Life  Portraits  of  William  Shake- 
speare, while  it  must  be  unquestionably  a  faithful 
copy  of  the  original,  exhibits  this  joviality  of  tem- 
perament in  a  peculiarly  marked  manner. 

The  bust,  as  we  now  know,  was  the  work  of 
Gerard  Johnson ;  and  as  it  is  clear,  from  the 
verses  of  Leonard  Digges,  that  it  must  have  been 
put  up  before  1623,  there  can  be  little  doubt  that 
it  was  placed  in  its  present  position  as  soon  as 
possible  after  the  poet's  death.  Sir  Francis  Chan- 
trey  had  no  doubt,  and  his  opinion  deserves  the 
highest  consideration,  that  it  was  taken  from  a 
cast  after  death ;  but  thought  that  the  artist,  in 
chiselling  the  lower  part  of  the  face,  had  not  made 
sufficient  allowance  for  the  rigidity  of  the  dead 
muscles  about  the  mouth,  and  attributed  to  this 
error  on  his  part  the  extraordinary  length  of  the 
upper  lip.  But  whether  it  was  executed  from  a 
cast  taken  after  death  or  not,  there  can  be  little 


doubt,  as  I  have  said  before,  that  it  is  a  faithful 
likeness  of  the  poet. 

I  fully  believe  it  to  be  so.  Yet,  at  the  present 
moment,  when  so  much  interest  is  felt  in  every- 
thing connected  with  Shakspeare  and  his  writings, 
I  have  thought  it  right  to  record  a  tradition  on 
the  subject  which  has  not,  to  my  knowledge,  ever 
before  been  committed  to  paper.  It  is  probably 
without  any  foundation  ;  but  it  seems  to  me  that 
it  ought,  nevertheless,  to  be  recorded  for  the  use 
of  future  inquirers. 

In  the  year  1827  my  late  kind  friend,  Mr. 
Amyot,  introduced  me  to  that  accomplished  anti- 
quary and  diligent  illustrator  of  Shakspeare, 
Francis  Douce.  When  we  entered  Prospero's  cell, 
in  Gower  Street,  we  found  there  Sir  Anthony  Car- 
lisle. After  some  time,  the  conversation  turned 
on  the  recently  published  Life,  Diary,  and  Cor- 
respondence of  Sir  William  Dugdale,  by  which, 
it  will  be  remembered,  the  name  of  the  artist  who 
executed  the  bast  was  first  made  known,  and 
thence  very  naturally  to  the  bust  itself.  In  the 
course  of  conversation,  Sir  Anthony  Carlisle 
stated — and  my  impression  is,  that  he  then  men- 
tioned the  source  from  which  it  had  reached  him — 
that  he  had  heard  a  tradition  that  the  Stratford 
bust  was  not  taken  from  any  portrait  of  Shak- 
speare, or  from  Shakspeare  himself,  but  from  a 
blacksmith  of  Stratford-upon-Avon,  who  bore  a 
remarkable  resemblance  to  the  bard. 

Mr.  Douce  shook  his  head  very  doubtfully  at 
the  story,  which  he  said  he  had  then  heard  for  the 
first  time;  and,  in  the  course  of  some^after  re- 
marks, expressed  an  opinion  that  it  might  have 
originated  in  some  hoax  played  by  that  Puck  of 
commentators,  George  Steevens.  But  it  is  a  curious 
circumstance,  that  a  similar  tradition  with  respect 
to  the  portraits  of  Shakspeare  was  in  existence  as 
long  ago  as  1759,  as  will  be  seen  by  the  following 
extract  from  the  Gentleman's  Magazine,  p.  380. 
It  is  contained  in  a  letter,  signed  "  J.  S ,"  and 
dated  from  Crane  Court :  — 

"  That  there  is  no  genuine  picture  of  Sbakspeare  ex- 
isting, nor  ever  was ;  that  called  his  having  been  taken 
long  after  his  death  from  a  person  supposed  extremely 
like  him,  at  the  direction  of  Sir  Thomas  Clarges ;  and  this 
I  take  upon  me  to  affirm  as  an  absolute  fact." 

Since  the  foregoing  was  written,  I  have  had  an 
opportunity  (thanks  to  the  kindness  of  Professor 
Owen)  of  seeing  the  curious  cast,  said  to  be  that 
of  Shakspeare  taken  after  death  ;  and  from  which 
Gerard  Johnson  is  supposed  to  have  executed  the 
bust  at  Stratford.  That  it  is  a  cast  taken  after 
death,  there  is  painful  and  unmistakeable  evidence. 
That  anybody  looking  at  it,  without  having  been 
told  that  it  was  Shakspeare,  would  at  all  recog- 
nise it  as  the  face  of  the  poet,  I  cannot  for  one 
moment  believe.  But  I  have  been  assured  that, 
owing  to  the  flaccid  state  of  the  muscle?,  this 


228 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


V.  MAR.  19,  '64. 


dissimilarity  between  such  a  cast  and  the  ordinary 
likenesses  of  an  individual,  is  very  common  ;  and 
as  a  proof,  it  was  added,  that  the  cast  from  the  face 
of  Napoleon  is  so  unlike  any  of  the  existing  por- 
traits of  him,  that  it  is  difficult  to  recognise  in  it 
his  well-known  features.     Judging  from  the  cast 
itself,  I  should  not  be  disposed  to  regard  it  as  a 
memorial  of  Shakspeare  :  for,  as  Mr.  Hain  Fris- 
well  has  well  pointed  out  in  his  recently  published 
Tolume  (Life  Portraits  of  Shakespeare),  "  it  differs 
very   widely  from   the  bust  said   to   have   been 
taken  from  it."    The  forehead  is  delicate  and  fin 
fully  developed,  and,  though  capacious,  by  no  mean 
equal  in  size  to  the  forehead  of  the  bust.     Th 
mask  has  a  short  upper  lip,  the  bust  a  very  long  one 
In  the  cast,  the  nose  is  fine,  thin,  and  aquiline 
in  the  bust  it  is  short  and  fleshy.     In  the  cas 
again,  the  face  is  a  sharp  oval,  the  chin  narrow 
and  pointed,  and  the  cheeks  thin  and  drawn  in 
while,  on  the  contrary,  in  the  bust  the  face  i 
blunt,  the  chin  square,  and  the  cheeks  full,  fa 
and  almost  coarse.     In  short,  if  it  were  not  pro 
fane  to  say  so,  I  should  say  that  the  cast  was  of 
higher  and  more  intellectual  character  than  th 
bust.     It  certainly  bears  more  resemblance  to  th 
Droeshout  engraving  than  to  the  bust. 

Still,  the  cast  is  an  object  of  great  interest 
It  was  not  brought  forward  by  Dr.  Becker  witl 
any  pecuniary  views ;  and  if  the  history  which  i 
given  of  it  could  be  satisfactorily  confirmed,  i 
would  certainly  assume  the  place  of  the  most  in- 
teresting memorial  of  Shakspeare,  except  his  works 
which  the  ravages  of  time  have  spared  to  us.  Ii 
is  said  to  have  been  originally  procured  in  this 
country  by  an  ancestor  of  Count  Kesselstadt,  who 
was  attached  to  one  of  the  ambassadors  accredited 
to  the  court  of  James  I. ;  and  who,  being  a  great 
admirer  of  the  poet,  it  is  supposed,  bough?  the  cast 
as  a  memorial  of  him  from  Gerard  Johnson.  In  the 
year  1 843  his  descendant,  Count  and  Canon  Francis 
von  Kesselstadt,  died  at  Mayence,  and  in  the  same 
year  his  collections  were  disposed  of  by  auction. 
Among  the  objects  sold  was  a  small  painting  of  a 
corpse  crowned  with  laurel  (dated  1637),  which 
Dr.  Becker  purchased  in  1847;  and  then,  hav- 
ing learned  the  existence  of  the  plaster  of  Paris 
cast,  after  two  years'  inquiry,  he  succeeded  in  dis- 
covering the  broker  in  whose  possession  it  was, 
and  became  the  possessor  of  that  also ;  and  was  at 
once  satisfied  that  the  picture  had  been  painted 
from  such  cast.  On  the  back  of  the  cast  is  in- 
scribed:  "+  A°  Diii.  1616." 

Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  who  is  acquainted 
with  our  records  furnish  evidence  of  any  member 
of  the  Kesselstadt  family  having  been  attached  to 


a  diplomatic  mission  to  this  country  in  the  time 
of  James  I.  ? 

Can  any  reader  of  «  N.  &  Q."  furnish  satis- 
factory evidence  of  the  existence  of  such  an  ad- 
miration of  Suakspeare  in  Germany  at  so  early 


a  period  as  would  be  likely  to  lead  a  German  to 
wish  to  possess  a  memorial  of  him  ? 

And   may  I  be  permitted  to  append  a  third 
query  upon  a  somewhat  cognate  subject  ?     Tieck 
tells  us  that  Gryphius'  Absurda  Comica  oder  Herr 
Peter   Squenz,   in    which    "  Peter   Squenz "  and 
"  Bulla  Bottom  "  delighted  the  German  laughter- 
loving  public  as  Peter  Quince  and  Bully   Bot- 
tom had   amused   English  audiences,    is   an  im- 
proved form  of  the  same  comedy,  translated  by 
Daniel  Schwenter  from  the  Droll  published  by 
Kirkman  and  R.  Cox.     Was  Schwenter's  version 
ever  published,  and  if  so,  where  ?   And  is  there 
not  an  earlier  Droll  on  the  same  subject  to  be 
found  in  the  literature  of  the  Low  Countries  ?   I 
have  a  strong  impression  of  having  once  seen  a 
reference  to  this  Dutch  version,  before  Captain 
Cuttle   enunciated    his   great    "  Canon "   for   all 
readers.     Perhaps  M.  DELPIERRE,  or  some  other 
gentleman  well  versed  in  the  literature  of  the 
Netherlands,  will  kindly  solve  a  question  of  con- 
siderable interest  with  respect  to  the  source  of  that 
portion  of  the  Midsummer  Night's  Dream  in  which 
the  mock  tragedy  of  Pyramus  and  Thisbe  is  intro- 
duced. WILLIAM  J.  THOMS. 

P.S.  Can  the  cast  be,  after  all,  not  of  Shak- 
speare, but  of  Cervantes,  who  died  in  Madrid 
on  the  same  day,  it  will  be  remembered,  which 
robbed  us  of  Shakspeare  ?  The  date  on  the  cast 
would  suit  equally  well,  while  the  features  are,  I 
think,  more  Cervantes-like  than  Shakspearian. 


PASSAGE  IN  "  THE  TEMPEST."— Pray  find  space 
in  your  Shakspeare  Number  to  recall  attention  to 
the  Old  Corrector's  admirable  emendation  of  that 
vexed  passage  in  The  Tempest:  — 

"  But  these  sweet  thoughts  do  ever  refresh  my  labours 
Most  busy,  least  when  I  do  it." 

The  Old  Corrector  substitutes  "  Busy- blest  for 
'  busy,  least;"  and  though  Mr.  Singer,  who  had 
suggested  "  most  busiest,"  pronounces  "  busy 
)lest "  the  very  worst  and  most  improbable  read- 
ng  of  all  that  have  been  suggested,  I  for  one  en- 
irely  dissent  from  him.  The  passage  as  amended  : 

'  But  these  sweet  thoughts  do  ever  refresh  my  labour, 
Most  busy  blest  when  I  do  it "  — 


onveys  to  my  mind  a  clear  and  striking  picture  of 
ne  who  finds  that  the  labour  he  delights  in  phy- 
ics  pain  :  and  I  look  upon  it  as  an  amendment  of 
he  text  scarcely  less  happy  than  the  substitution 
f  "  abler  "  for  "  nobler  "  in  Julius  Ccesar,  and  of 

halter  "  for  "  haste"  in  Timon  of  Athens. 

T.  E. 

In  the  Athenceum  of  January  9,  1864,  is  a  re- 
iew  of  Mr.  Dyce's  new  edition  of  Shakspeare, 


3^  s.  V.  MAR.  19,  '64  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


229 


and  there  is  given  the  different  readings  of  the 
famous  line  (as  it  is  called)  from  The  Tempest, 
Act  III.  Sc.  2,  spoken  by  Ferdinand  as  in  the 
First  Folio  :  — 

"  But  these  sweet  thoughts  do  even  refresh  my  labours 

Most  BUSIE  LEST,  when  I  do  it." 
These  different  readings  are  — 

"Most  busiest  when  I  do  it."  (Holt  White.} 

"  Most  busy  least  when  I  do  it"  (Collier's  Folio.") 

"  Least  busy  when  I  do  it."  (Pope.') 

"Most  busy  less  when  I  do  it."  (Charles  Knight  and 
Dyce.) 

"  Most  busy  felt  when  I  do  it."  (Staunton.) 

With  all  these  readings,  I  beg  to  suggest  another, 
which  appears  to  me  the  correct  one  :  — 

u  MOST  busied  when  I  do  it." 

That  is,  Ferdinand's  sweet  thoughts  of  his  sweet 
mistress,  which  refreshed  his  labours  were  most 
busied  when  he  laboured  for  her  sake  ;  and  for 
this  reading  we  have  the  authority  of  Shakspeare 
himself  in  Romeo  and  Juliet,  Act  I.  Sc.  1,  in  the 
following  lines  :  — 

"  I  measuring  his  affections  hy  my  own, 
That  most  are  busied  when  they  are  most  alone." 

SIDNEY  BEISLY. 

Lawrie  Park,  Sj'denham. 

"  After  sunset  merrily." 

Theobald's  reading  was  approved  of  by  Hunter, 
and  I  fied  Macaulay  of  the  same  opinion.  Thus 
writes  the  poet -historian  :  —  "  Who  does  not  sym- 
pathise with  the  rapture  of  Ariel,  flying  after 
sunset  on  the  wings  of  the  bat?" — "  Ariel  riding 
through  the  twilight  on  the  bat."— Miscellaneous 
Writings,  vol.  i.  pp.  64,221.  C. 

"TWELFTH  NIGHT."  — 

Clown.  "  I  did  impeticos  thy  gratillity." 

Twelfth  Night,  Act  II.  Sc.  3. 

With  the  change  of  one,  or  at  most  two  letters, 
I  would  read  impiticos  or  impiticose.  In  Florio's 
Queen  Anna's  New  World  of  Words,  we  find  the 
following  :  — 

"  Pitoccare,  to  beg  up  and  down  for  broken  pieces  of 
meat  or  scraps.  Also  to  dodge  and  patter. 

"  Pitocco,  an  old  crafty  beggar,  a  micher,  a  patcht- 
coat  beggar,  a  dodger,  a  patterer,  a  wrangler." 

Now,  one  distinctive  characteristic  of  Feste  is, 
that  he  is  a  beggar  over  any  other  of  Shakspeare's 
Clowns,  and  a  piticco,  a  crafty  and  patcht-coat  one. 
"  Would  not  two  of  these  have  bred,  Sir?"  says 
he,  "  and  then  the  bells  of  St.  Bennet,  Sir,  might 
put  you  in  mind— one,  two,  three ;  and  though  it 
please  you,  Sir,  to  be  one  of  my  friends,"  &c.  &c. 

He,  therefore,  having  observed  what  a  mine  Sir 
Toby  had  in  Sir  Andrew,  was  minded  to  try  to  ex- 
tract some  of  the  ore  for  himself,  and  condescend- 
ing to  the  intelligence  of  this  Kobold,  or  guardian 
spirit,  endeavour  to  propitiate  him  by  such  gib- 
berish as  that  of  the  Vapians  passing  the  equinoc- 


tials of  Queubus,  and  the  like.  But  what  got  he 
for  his  pains?  A  paltry  sixpence  ;  just  what  Sir 
Toby,  the  improvident  younger  brother,  was  ac- 
customed to  give  him  when  he  was  in  funds.  Yes, 
and  he  got  also  what  Sir  Toby  never  gave,  an 
ostentatious  reminder  of  it  next  morning.  With  a 
covert  sneer,  therefore,  he  coins  a  diminutive  to 
express  the  smallness  of  the  gift,  and  acknow- 
ledges the  gratillity,  and  in  the  same  vein  coins 
impiticose  (s  being  the  usual  causative,  and  im  the 
usual  intensitive  augment)  ;  and  says,  I  did  make 
a  great  "  begging  up  and  down,"  and  after  much 
ado  and  importunity,  I  received  "  a  scrap "  of 
your  bounty,  a  crumb  from  Dives — I  did  impiti- 
cose thy  gratillity. 

There  might  also  have  been  an  intended  quib- 
ble in  the  phrase,  if  Shakspeare  had  been  aware  of 
another  and  apparently  primary  meaning  ofpitocco, 
not  given  by  Florio,  but  which  probably  gave 
rise  to  his  explanation  of  patcht-coat  beggar. 
Vauzon  gives  "  pitocco,  also  a  part,  in  old  times,  of 
male  attire,  perhaps  a  species  of  mantle ;"  and  in 
this  sense  the  Clown  would  mean  I  did  impouch, 
or,  as  some  editors,  by  a  happy  corruption  of  the 
word,  make  him  say — I  did  impetticoat  thy  bounty. 
BRINSLEY  NICHOLSON. 


"  MEASURE  TOR  MEASURE."  — 
"  Die,  perish  !  might  but  my  bending  down  — " 

Act  III.  Sc.  1. 

As  Isabel,  in  her  disgust  and  indignation,  ex- 
claims :  — 

"  O  you  beast ! 
O  faithless'coward !  0  dishonest  wretch !  " 

we  may  with  some  confidence  read :  — 

"  Die,  perish,  wretch !  might  but  my  bending  down 
Reprieve  thee  from  thy  fate,  it  should  proceed." 
"  Wherein  have  I  so  deserv'd  of  you, 
That  you  extol  me  thus?  "—Act  V.  Sc.  1. 

I  -venture  to  propose  the  following  emendation 
as  natural  and  consonant  with  the  feelings  of  the 
Duke.  Having  addressed  Angelo  in  a  friendly 
spirit,  he  then  turns  angrily  to  Lucio :  — 

"  You,  sirrah,  that  knew  me  for  a  fool,  a  coward, 
One  all  of  luxury,  an  ass,  a  madman ; 
Wherein  have  I,  sir,  so  deserv'd  of  you, 
That  you  extol  me  thus?  " 

Lucio  replies,  and  the  Duke  answers :  — 
"  Whipp'd  first,  sir,  and  hang'd  after." 

Pope's  emendation,  in  each  instance,  is  sin- 
gularly feeble :  — 

"  Wherein  have  I  deserved  so  of  you." 

C. 


"  Nips  youth  in  the  head,  and  follies  doth  emmew." 
If  "eneto"  be,  as  MR.  KEIGHTLEY  says,  a  "  cer- 
tain"   emendation    for    "emmew"  —  though  the 
meaning  of  the  word  be  not  very  clear — may  not 


230 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  MAR.  19,  '64. 


"head"  be  a  likely  misprint  for  bud ?  "Nip  in 
the  bud,"  is  proverbial ;  which  "Nip  in  the  head" 
is  not,  nor  very  apposite  to  the  particular  case 
in  view. 

"  How  might  she  tongue  me !    But  reason  dares  her 
no,"  &c. 

I,  for  one,  gladly  accept  MB.  KEIGHTLEY'S 
"says  "  for  "  dares,"  in  the  line  as  it  stands.  But 
might  not  the  error  lie  in  the  transposition,  rather 
than  substitution  of  the  words  ?  and  the  line 
originally  have  run  : — 

"  How  might  she  tongue  me?    But  her  reason  dares 
not." 

QUIVIS. 

"THE  COMEDY  OF  ERRORS":  ANTIPHOLUS  OR 
ANTIPHILUS. —  Some  days  since,  a  critique  ap- 
peared in  The  Times  on  Shakspeare's  Comedy  of 
Errors,  occasioned  by  the  production  of  that  play 
at  the  Princess's  Theatre.  The  writer  of  the 
notice  in  question,  when  speaking  of  the  brothers 
Antipholus,  used  these  words  :  "  It  ought  to  have 
been  Antiphilus  though."  Now,  it  appears  to 
me,  that  this  observation  is  more  indicative  of 
etymological  skill  than  philological  sagacity ;  and 
argues  a  better  acquaintance  with  the  text  of 
Terence,  than  with  the  rules  and  practice  of 
dramatic  composition.  The  suggestion  as  to  the 
change  of  name  is  one  which  carries  with  it  no 
weight  whatever  :  for,  supposing  that  Antipholus 
were  changed  to  "Antiphilus,"  what  benefit  would 
result  ?  Why,  none  whatever  ;  but,  on  the  con- 
trary, an  erroneous  idea  would  be  conveyed,  and 
the  meaning  expressed  by  the  name  would  be  at 
variance  with  the  circumstances  in  which  the  two 
men  are  placed.  Undoubtedly,  Shakspeare  de- 
liberately chose  the  name  Antipholus,  not  for  its 
etymological  force,  but  because  it  sounds  well 
when  declaimed,  and,  moreover,  has  a  Greek 
look.  "Antiphilus"  would  have  a  thin  sound, 
which  would  necessarily  be  less  effective  for  stage 
purposes  than  the  more  full  one  of  Antipholus. 

We  cannot  imagine  that  Shakspeare's  acquaint- 
ance with  the  dead  languages  was  sufficient  to 
enable  him  to  manufacture  a  name  having  a  fine 
sound  and  an  appropriate  signification ;  nor  can 
we  think  that  Shakspeare  would  have  taken  the 
trouble  to  consult  the  scholars  of  the  day  on  so 
trivial  a  subject.  If  we  adopt  the  word  "Anti- 
philus," we  imply  that  the  two  brothers  were 
mutual  friends ;  whereas  they  were  unknown  to 
each  other,  throughout  almost  the  whole  play. 

Terence,  in  his  Heautontimorumenos,  has  An- 
tiphila,  but  there  the  name  is  applicable :  having 
a  meaning,  cognate  with  that  of  fori^ixfa.  I 
grant  that  Antipholus  has  a  peculiar  sense,  if  it 
has  any  at  all ;  but  if  we  could  believe  in  Shak- 
speare's scholarship,  we  might  conjecture  that  he 
took  the  word  from  dnrtVoAir,  in  consequence  of 


the  respective  places  in  which  the  brothers  dwelt. 
But  speculations  in  the  matter  are  useless  and 
absurd.  Perhaps  some  of  your  learned ^  corre- 
spondents will  favour  me  with  their  opinions  on 
this  subject.  J.  C.  H.  F. 

"  THE  MERRY  WIVES  or  WINDSOR,"  ACT  II. 
Sc.  3.  — 

"  A  word,  Monsieur  Mockwater." — Act  II.  Sc.  1. 

This  is  literally  a  stale  jest,  and  partly,  as 
Johnson  supposed,  an  allusion  to  the  physician's 
inspection  of  the  urine.  The  Host  had  previ- 
ously called  the  worthy  doctor,  "  Bully  Stale," 
and  "  King  Urinal,"  and  here  we  may  read :  — 

"  Host.  A  word,  Monsieur  Makewater. 
Caius.  Mackvater !  vat  is  dat  ? 

Host.  Makewater,  in  our  English  tongue,  is  valour, 
bully." 

Every  child  knows  it  means  cowardice,  and  he 
has  iust  before  called  him,  "  heart  of  elder." 

C. 

"  HAMLET."— In  the  Saturday  Review,  March 
12,  a  writer  on  "  The  Novel  and  the  Drama," 
says,  "  Shakspeare  never  mentions  Hamlet."  This 
observation  reminded  me  that  once,  and  under 
singular  circumstances,  we  seem  to  get  a  glimpse 
of  Shakspeare's  idea  of  that  play.  In  his  will, 
in  an  interlineation,  while  bequeathing  2£/8  "  to 
buy  him  a  ring,"  he  wrote  his  friend's  name, 
probably  the  godfather  of  his  only  son,  Hamlett, 
instead  of  Hamnet  Sadler.  So  absorbingly  does 
his  Hamlet  seem  to  have  possessed  his  memory  as 
to  have  been  written  off  unconsciously  by  his 
sickness-wasted  hand.  Ought  Sonnet  108  to  be 
read  as  having  reference  to  his  son  —  Hamnet? 
^  SAMUEL  NEIL. 

NEW  READING  :  "  LOVE'S  LABOUR'S  LOST," 
Act  III ,  for  — 

"  A  whitely  wanton  with  a  velvet  brow," 
where    Porson   suggests    Whiteless,   I   think    we 
should  read  witless.  SAMUEL  NEIL. 

"  MERCHANT  OF  VENICE,"  AND  "  TROILUS  AND 
CRESSIDA"  (3rd  S.  iv.  121.)  —  MR.  KEIGHTLEY'S 
note,  on  the  Merchant  of  Venice,  is  certainly  very 
valuable :  his  improved  readings  are,  in  the  main, 
more  than  happy  conjectures.  I  must  confess, 
however,  my  surprise  that  he  does  not  appear 
to  be  contented  with  the  remarkably  felicitous 
emendation,  by  the  correctors  of  the  Folio  of 
1632,  of  the  celebrated  passage  :  — 

"  Thus  ornament  is  but  the  gilded  shore,"  &c. 

The  mere  change  by  this  Great  Unknown  of  a 
comma  in  the  punctuation,  has  removed  all  ob- 
scurity, and  made  the  passage  one  of  exquisite 


3"»  S.  V.  MAR.  19,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


231 


beauty.  Rarely  has  so  much  been  done  by  a 
comma. 

I  am  sorry  to  have  my  faith  in  this  emendation 
shaken  by  an  implied  disbelief  in  it,  by  so  able  a 
Shakspearian  as  MB.  KEIGHTLEY. 

Before  leaving  the  great  poet,  permit  me  to 
ask  MR.  KEIGHTLEY,  or  any  other  equally  capable 
critic,  to  point  out  the  connexion  of  the  fine  line 
in  Troilus  and  Cressida  — 

"  One  touch  of  nature  makes  the  whole  world  kin," 

with  those  that  precede  and  follow  it. 

The  idea  expressed  in  this  line,  seems  to  me  to 
be  complete  in  itself,  and  not  suggested  by  the 
main  thought  or  sentiment  of  the  passage. 

H.N. 

New  York. 

SHAKSPEARE  AND  HIS  COMMENTATORS,  OR 
EMENDATORS  :  PALM. — In  the  Athencevrn  of  Janu- 
ary, 1864,  is  the  following  passage  :  — 

"  Shakspeare  was  thought  to  have  committed  a  slip  of 
the  pen  when,  in  As  You  Like  It,  he  allowed  Rosalind  to 
find  a  palm  in  the  forest  of  Arden.  Commentators  have 
been  sadly  puzzled  about  it,  and  suggested  every  possible 
explanation  save  the  most  natural  one.  The  country 
people  still  call  the  goat  willow,  just  when  the  young  cat- 
kins make  their  appearance,  palm." 

This  is  certainly  a  new  version  of  the  reading 
of  palm-tree,  but  I  think  the  writer  will  not  find 
many  persons  willing  to  accept  it.  In  the  first 
place,  there  is  nothing  in  As  You  Like  It  to  show 
that  the  forest  in  which  Rosalind  found  the  palm- 
tree  was  the  forest  of  Arden  in  Warwickshire. 
If  so,  it  would  be  strange  to  find  any  one  of  the 
palm  species  growing  there,  and  equally  strange 
to  find  a  tuft  of  olives  near  Rosalind's  house ;  and 
more  strange  still,  to  find  a  lioness  couching  in 
that  forest  —  unless  it  had  escaped  from  some 
travelling  menagerie,  exhibiting  such  beasts  in 
the  neighbourhood.  If  it  is  admitted  that,  by  palm- 
tree,  Shakspeare  intended  the  goat  willow  (Salix 
caprea),  and  this  being  our  English  tree,  it  might 
grow  in  the  forest,  we  have  to  substitute  an- 
other name  for  the  olive,  to  make  an  English  tree 
of  it.  But  it  should  be  remembered  that,  al- 
though the  branches  of  the  Salix,  or  willow,  when 
gathered  for  Palm  Sunday  celebration,  are  com- 
monly called  palm,  the  willow  itself  is  not  called 
palm-tree  by  the  writers  of  Shakspeare's  time. 

The  fact,  I  believe,  is,  that  the  forest  in  which 
Rosalind  found  the  palm-tree  and  the  olive-trees 
was  a  southern  one — in  which  the  lioness  might 
naturally  find  a  hiding  place.  What  will  Dr. 
Prior  say  to  this  ?  SIDNEY  BEISLY. 

"  FIRST  COMPLAINT  :"  "  CORIOLANUS,"  Act  II. 
Sc.  1. — Menenius  Agrippa,  speaking  of  himself, 
says,  as  it  is  generally  printed  :  — 


"  I  am  known  to  be  a  humorous  patrician,  and  one 
that  loves  a  cup  of  hot  wine  with  not  a  drop  of  allaying 
Tiber  in't:  said  to  be  something  imperfect  in  favouring 
the  first  complaint." 

It  has  been  proposed  to  read  this,  "the  thirst  com- 
plaint"; but  is  not  the  passage  better  as  it  stands? 
Menenius  says  he  has  two  faults,  or  complaints. 
The  first  that  he  is  "  humorous,"  i.  e.  hot-headed 
and  crotchetty ;  the  second,  that  he  is  too  fond 
of  a  cup  of  wine:  and  that  this  second  com- 
plaint has  rather  a  tendency  to  aggravate  the  first. 
I  do  not  remember  such  a  phrase  as  "  the  thirst 
complaint"  in  any  author.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 


TRUSTY  :  TRUST  :  AS  USED  BY  SHAKSPEARE.  — 
Shakspeare  has  been  cited  as  using  the  word 
trust  and  trttsty  in  the  sense  of  the  modern  words 
reliance  and  reliable.  It  will  not  be  uninteresting 
to  examine  his  use  of  these  words,  which  were 
favourites  of  his.  Trusty  he  uses  seventeen  times ; 
fifteen  times  directly  of  persons.  Once  in  All's 
Well  that  Ends  Well  (Act  III.  Sc.  6)  indirectly 
to  persons,  when  he  speaks  of  a  trusty  business, 
i.  e.  requiring  agents  who  could  be  trusted ;  and 
once  of  a  sword.  Here  also  he  really,  as  it  were, 
applies  the  word  to  an  agent,  swords  and  other 
weapons  having  a  sort  of  personal  existence  attri- 
buted to  them, — sometimes  being  actually  named.. 
He  trusts  his  sword  to  help  him. 

He  uses  the  word  trust  over  one  hundred  and 
twenty  times :  of  these,  for  more  than  seventy 
times,  he  applies  the  word  to  persons  directly ;  in 
about  twenty  instances  to  attributes  or  things, 
but  in  most  of  these  cases  with  reference  to  per- 
sons trusted ;  and  scarcely  ever  in  such  a  sense 
as  would  be  exactly  synonymous  to  our  "rely 
on."  Frequently  it  is  in  these  places  followed  by 
"on,"  "in,"  or  "to." 

Thus  we  have— judgment,  age,  word,  honesty, 
heels,  the  mockery  of  unquiet  thoughts,  condi- 
tions, oaths,  honour,  virtue,  speeches.  In  most 
of  these,  there  is  not  that  absolute  reliance  upon 
the  thing  itself  implied  in  the  word  reliable.  It 
would  hardly  be  good  nineteenth-century  Eng- 
lish to  say,  that  "your  honesty  is  reliable." 
Though  it  was  good  Elizabethan  to  bid  a  man 
"  trust  his  honesty."  At  any  rate,  Shakspeare  is- 
entirely  with  me  in  the  word  trusty ;  and  evi- 
dently prefers  my  use  of  the  word  trust,  if  he 
very  occasionally  disregards  it.  J.  C.  J. 

"INCONY." — This  word  is  used  twice  by  Shak- 
speare in  the  same  play,  Love's  Labour's  Lost; 
and  by  the  same  speaker,  Costard.  When  Ar- 
mado  gives  him  money  (Act  III.  Sc.  1),  he  calls 
him  "  my  incony  Jew ;"  and  after  the  by  no 
means  delicate  jests  between  himself  and  Boyet, 
he  call  the  conversation  "most  incony  vulgar 
wit."  Many  very  wide  conjectures  have  been- 


232 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


r*  S.  V.  MAR.  19,  '64. 


made  as  to  the  origin  of  the  word.  Is  it  not  pro- 
bably merely  a  corruption  of  the  Old  French 
inconnu,  unknown,  unheard  of :  a  phrase  answer- 
ing very  much,  also,  to  our  own  vernacular,  "  no- 
end-of"?  The  passages  would  then  mean,  "such 
a  Jew  as  never  was  heard  of" — "  no-end-of  vulgar 
wit."  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

"VEBT  PEACOCK"  :  "HAMLET,"  Act  III.  Sc.  2. 
2nd  S.  xii.  451.)  —  It  seems  very  probable  that 

is  passage  is  corrupt.  There  seems  no  reason, 
from  the  King's  character  and  bearing,  to  com- 
pare him  with  a  peacock.  He  rather  affects  a 
grave  and  condescending  manner.  The  crime  of 
which  he  is  guilty,  and  which  Hamlet  is  so  anx- 
ious to  bring  to  some  certain  test,  is  not  pride, 
conceit,  or  affectation,  but  poisoning.  Is  it  not 
likely  the  word  ought  to  be  read  paddock,  i.  e.  a 
toad?  The  "venomous"  and  "poisonous"  toad, 
is  mentioned  in  As  You  Like  It ;  Macbeth ;  Henry 
VI. ;  Richard  III. ;  and  in  many  other  places, 
by  Shakspeare,  and,  in  Macbeth,  it  is  called  by 
the  very  name — paddock.  If  we  read  — 

" .        .        .        .        now  reigns  here 
A  very,  very — paddock," — 

it  would  seeni  to  be  quite  in  consonance  with  what 
Hamlet  says  next : 
"  Didst  perceive  ?    Upon  the  talk  of  the  poisoning—" 

A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

SHAKSPEARE  («  N.  &  Q.,"  passim.)  —  While 
committees  and  sub-committees  are  arguing  upon 
the  methods,  and  means,  and  measures  of  its  cele- 
bration, the  day  of  our  household  poet's  orient 
and  Occident  will,  I  fear,  pass  by,  leaving  us  to 
console  ourselves  with  Milton's  solution  of  its 
difficulty  —  finding  in  his  own  works,  and  in  the 
ever-living  heart  of  England,  his  already  erected 
monument.  The  birth-and-death-day  of  Shak- 
speare, nevertheless,  will  hardly  miss  of  its  due 
heralding  in  "  N.  &  Q."— 

"  With  one  auspicious  and  one  drooping  eye," — 
enriched,  as  through  fourteen  years  it  has  been, 
by  the  successive  commentaries  ;  which,  of  them- 
selves, form  a  valuable  addition  to   our  Shak- 
sperian  library. 

Among  the  many  tributes  paid  to  our  "great 
son  of  memory"— unconsciously  paid,  I  might 
say— is  the  question,  so  variously  debated,  of  his 
especial  profession  and  its  precedent  studies.  Was 
he  a  lawyer  f— inquired  the  late  Lord  Chancellor 
Campbell.  A  soldier  ?  —  was  the  no  less  presum- 
able argument  of  MR.  THOMS  (2nd  S.  vii.  118, 
320,  351).  I  know  not  which  of  these,  or  what 
other,  was  our  English  Tlo\6rpoTros ;  but,  should  a 
poetical  cairn  be  resolved  upon,  I  beg  to  cast  my 
sand-grain  into  the  heap ;  which,  if  rendering  to 


him  his  due  honours,  will  "make   Ossa  like  a 
wart." 

Men  ask — what  Shakspeare  was? — A  Lawyer, 

skilled 

In  form  and  phrase  ? — A  Soldier,  in  the  Field 
Well  theorised  and  practised? — Or,  was  he 
A  Sailor  on  the  wild  and  wandering  sea  ? — 
A  Traveller,  who  roamed  the  earth  to  trace 
The  homes  and  habits  of  the  human  race  ? — 
A  Student,  on  his  cloistered  task  intent 
Of  mystic  theme  or  subtile  argument  ? — 
A  Churchman  erudite  ? — A  Statesman  wise? — 
A  Courtier,  apt  in  shows  and  revelries  ?  — 
A  sage  Physician,  who  from  plant  and  flower 
Won  the  deep  secrets  of  their  various  power  ? — 
A  Teacher,  whose  kind  spirit  loved  to  bring 
"Sermons  from  stones,    and  good   from   every- 
thing" ?— 

Not  one  of  these,  but  all. — Dispute  not  what 
Our  Shakspeare  was, — but  say,  What  was  he  not? 
EDMUND  LENTHAL  SWIFTE. 


SHAKSPEARE'S  ARMS.  —  In  Knight's  Pictorial 
Shakspere  ("  Biography,"  vols.  i.  ii.),  the  arms 
are  blazoned  — 

"  Gould,  on  a  bend  sable  and  a  speare  of  the  first,  the 
point  steeled,  proper;  and  his  crest  or  cognizance,  a 
faulcon,  his  wings  displayed,  argent,  standing  on  a 
wrethe  of  his  coullors,  supporting  a  speare  gould,  steel 
as  aforesaid,  sett  upon  a  helmet  with  mantells  and  tas- 
sells." 

In  Boutell's  Heraldry,  p.  410,  2nd  edit.,  the 
blazon  is  — 

"Or  on  a  bend  sable,  a  spear  gold.  Crest,  a  falcon 
displayed  argent,  holding  in  its  beak  a  spear  in  pale  or." 

I  have  seen  the  crest  depicted  as  a  falcon  dis- 
played, holding  in  each  claw  a  spear  in  pale. 
Which  of  these  is  the  true  blazon  ?  Did  Shak- 
speare use  any  motto  ?  CARIWORD. 

Cape  Town. 

[The  following  extract,  from  the  Grant  of  Arms  pre- 
served in  the  Heralds'  College,  printed  by  Mr.  J.  G. 
Nichols  in  The  Herald  and  Genealogist,  No.  6,  p.  510,  is 
the  best  reply  to..this  query : — 

"  Gould,  on  a  bend  sables  a  speare  of  the  first,  steeled 
argent;  and  for  his  crest,  or  cognizance,  a  falcon,  his 
winges  displayed,  argent,  standing  on  a  wrethe  of  his 
coullors,  supporting  a  speare  gould,  steeled  as  aforesaid, 
sett  upon  a  helmett,  with  mantelles  and  tasselles,  as  hath 
been  accustomed,  and  dothe  more  playnely  appeare  de- 
picted on  this  margent." 

Mr.  Nichols  adds :  "  In  the  margin  are  sketched  with 
a  pen  the  arms  and  crest,  and  above  them  this  motto — 

'  NON  SA.N3  DKOICT.'  "] 


STATISTICS  OF  SHAKSPEARIAN  LITERATURE. — 

The  following  curious  tabular  view  of  the  relative 
proportion  of  books  connected  with  Shakspeare, 
published  in  each  period  of  ten  years,  from  1591 


3rd  S.V.  MAR.  19, '64.  J 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


233 


to  1830  inclusive,  is  derived  from  a  very  interest- 
ing paper  upon  the  subject  by  Mr.  W.  S.  Jevons, 
of  Owen's  College,  Manchester,  which  appeared  in 
the  Athenceum  of  Saturday  last :  — 

Number  of  Shakspearian  Books  published  in  each  Period  of 
Ten  Years  from  1591  to  1830  inclusive. 


«H 

ll 

1 

Ii 

ii 

Commen- 
taries. 

1 

1591—1600 

... 

39 

... 

4 

... 

43 

1601—1610 

29 

... 

4 

33 

1611—20 

.. 

17 

... 

5 

22 

1621—30 

1 

12 

.  .. 

1 

14 

1631—40 

1 

16 

... 

3 

20 

1641  50 

1651—60 

... 

4 

... 

1 

5 

1661—70 

1 

1 

1 

2 

5 

1671—80 

... 

10 

3 

... 

"i 

14' 

1681—90 

1 

11 

5 

... 

... 

17 

1691—1700 

... 

7 

7 

... 

4 

18 

1701—10 

I 

7 

6 

1 

1 

16 

1711—20 

2 

4 

8 

... 

2 

16 

1721—30 

3 

4 

1 

3 

2 

13 

1731—40 

2 

1 

7 

3 

2 

15 

1741—50 

4 

2 

2 

... 

10 

18 

1751—60 

2 

12 

8 

1 

17 

40 

1761—70 

9 

4 

€ 

1 

21 

41 

1771—80 

7 

33 

8 

82 

80 

1781—90 

6 

7 

2 

... 

29 

44 

1791—1800 

7 

20 

3 

1 

49 

80 

1801—10 

14 

25 

2 

1 

32 

74 

1811—20 

7 

37 

1 

2 

34 

81 

1821—30 

14 

10 

1 

« 

69 

SHAKSPE ARE'S  EPITAPH  (3rd  S.  v.  179.) — I  am 
sorry  to  observe  your  correspondent,  MR.  PINKER- 
TON,  speak  of  this  as  "  little  better  than  doggrel," 
though  he  afterwards  qualifies  the  description. 
Still,  I  cannot  think  that  he  is  aware  of  the  cause 
of  the  lines  being  written,  which  is  supposed  to 
have  been  this.  A  little  beyond  Shakspeare's 
tomb  towards  the  east  is  a  gothic  doorway,  now 
walled  up.  This  once  led,  not  to  a  vestry,  but  a 
charnel-house  of  considerable  size,  above  ground, 
lighted,  and  ventilated  by  certain  loop-holes,  in 
which  a  large  quantity  of  human  bones  was  de- 
posited. This,  in  the  progress  of  improvement  or 
restoration  (as  they  now  call  it),  has  been  re- 
moved— I  know  not  at  what  period;  but  when 
very  young  I  have  been,  more  than  once,  in  the 
charnel-house,  which  appears  to  have  been  so  far 
an  object  of  terror  to  the  poet  that  he  wrote  the 
lines  now  inscribed  on  his  monument  to  prevent 
his  bones  being  disturbed,  and  added  to  the  heap. 
Such,  at  least,  was  the  account  given ;  and  lucky 
was  it  for  him,  at  any  rate,  that  he  left  the  direc- 
tion, or,  in  these  times,  some  inquisitive  craniolo- 
gist  or  phrenologist  would  have  had  him  up  again 


to  measure  the  length  and  breadth  of  his  skull,  or 
or  perhaps  make  an  exhibition  of  it  at  the  tercen- 
tenary. I. 

SHAKSPEARE  PORTRAITS  (3rd  S.  v.  117.)— There 
are  the  following  works  on  the  portraits  of  Shak- 
speare,  besides  those  by  Boaden  and  by  Wivell 
(not"WeviU"):  — 

Merridete,  John — "A  Catalogue  of  engraved  Portraits 
of  Persons  connected  with  the  County  of  Warwick." 
Coventry.  4to.  1849. 

Collier,  J.  P.—"  Dissertation  on  the  imputed  Portraits 
of  Shakespeare."  London.  8vo.  1851. 

There  is  also  Mr.  Friswell's  new  work,  entitled 
Life  Portraits  of  Shakspeare.  B.  A. 


THE  SECOND  SHAKSPEARE  FOLIO,  1632. 

Nothing  definite  is  known  regarding  the  sources 
from  which  the  new  readings  in  the  Shakspeare 
folio,  1632,  were  derived.  The  prevailing  opinion, 
so  far  as  our  researches  show,  is,  that  they  are 
conjectural  emendations  of  some  now  unknown 
editor.  Ben  Jonson  has,  in  some  instances,  been 
guessed  at.  As  an  examination  of  the  folio  de- 
monstrates that  some  editorial  revision  and  over- 
sight were  exercised  upon  considerable  portions 
of  it,  and  as  many  of  the  changes  introduced  into 
it  have  been  adopted  into  the  subsequent  reprints, 
it  becomes  a  legitimate  subject  for  curiosity,  and 
a  proper  topic  for  having  "  N.  &  Q."  about  it. 
Let  me,  on  the  condition  that  Ben  Jonson  is 
supervisor  is  abandoned,  suggest  John  Milton ; 
and  in  support  of  my  hypothesis,  lay  down  the 
following  statements  and  arguments  :  —  1st.  Mil- 
ton was  a  diligent  and  admiring  student  of  Shak- 
speare's works  —  of  which  the  proofs  are,  the 
special  Shakspearianisms  in  his  poems ;  his  mak- 
ing both  I? Allegro  and  II  Pensero  find  enjoyment 
from  the  "  sta^e " ;  his  early  inclination  for  the 
drama,  as  exhibited  in  Arcades  and  Comus,  as 
well  as  in  his  design  to  compose  a  Tragedy  on 
Adam's  Fall,  from  which  he  was  probably  dissuaded 
by  a  perusal  of  the  Adamus  Exul  of  Grotius. 
This  love  for  dramatic  forms  of  composition  re- 
mained with  him  like  a  "  ruling  passion  "  to  the 
last,  as  Samson  Agonistes,  published  in  1671, 
shows  plainly.  The  all-prevailing  proof  of  this 
thesis  is,  however,  the  epitaph  on  Shakspeare, 
written  in  1630,  and  prefixed  in  the  place  of 
honour  to  the  Second  Folio  just  after  Ben  Jon- 
son's  lines  "  Upon  the  Effigies  of  my  worthy 
Friend,  the  Author,  Master  William  Shak- 
speare and  his  Works"  on  p.  7  of  the  book, 
counting  the  title.  This  poem  —  issued  anony- 
mously, and  only  acknowledged  in  1645  — could 
only  have  been  written  regarding  the  first  folio, 
and  as  it  was  unpublished,  the  proprietors  of 
the  folio  must  have  got  knowledge  of  it  from 


234 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  MAK.  19,  '64. 


some  private  source.  Our  supposition  is,  that 
the  lines  were  written  in  Milton's  copy  of  the 
first  folio,  which  while  reading  he  had  conjectur- 
ally  revised,  and  that  the  publishers  had  asked 
him  for  permission  to  print  the  lines  and  use  his 
emendations.  This  leads  me  to  point  — 

2nd.  Milton  was  a  fastidious  and  habitual  cor- 
rector and  annotator  of  the  books  he  read.     Of 
this,   among   other  proofs,  we  may  note  his  ela 
borate  emendations  of  Euripides,  many  of  which 
secured  the  approval  of  Person. 

3rd.  The  time  of  life  at  which  Milton  had  ar- 
rived when  the  poem  was  written.  He,  a  diligent 
student,  was  just  at  the  age  when  such  an  exercise 
would  be  a  "  labour  of  love."  Perhaps  some  other 
Shakspeare  student  and  admirer  of  Milton  may 
be  able  to  clear  up  this  matter  further. 

I  may  further  add  that  the  poem  in  the  same 
folio  signed  I.  M.  S.,  if  certainly  the  work  of  John 
Milton,  Sludent,  would  strengthen  my  hypothesis  ; 
but  I  incline  to  consider  these  latter  lines  as  the 
product  of  the  author  of  Essayes  of  a  Prentice  in 
the  Divine  Art  of  Poesie,  1584;  and  if  my  guess 
were  correct,  it  would  add  interest  to  Jonson's 
praise  of — 

"  Those  flights  upon  the  banks  of  Thames, 
That  so  did  take  Eliza  and  our  J  a  M  e  S." 

SAMUEL  NEIL. 
Moffatt,  N.  B. 


PASSAGE  IN  "CYMBELINE." 

"  But  alack 

You  snatch  some  hence  for  little  faults ;  that's  love 
To  have  them  sin  no  more :  you  some  permit 
To  second  ills  with  ills,  each  elder  worse, 
And  make  them  dread  it,  to  the  doer's  thrift." 

Cymbeline,  Act  V.  Sc.  1.  Posth. 
Here  the  printer  may  have  put  in  type  trift, 
and  then  amended  it,  as  he  thought,  by  inserting 
h  ;  but  without  insisting  on  the  particular  steps  by 
which  the  mistake  arose,  the  word  trist  will,  I 
think,  approve^ itself  to  all  as  that  used  by  Shak- 
speare, for  while  its  unusual  form  gives  a  reason 
for  the  unlearned  printer's  mistake,  it  clears  up 
the  only  real  obscurity  in  the  passage.  I  am  not 
indeed  aware  of  its  occurrence  elsewhere  as  a  sub- 
stantive, but  it  was  used  as  an  adjective,  and  the 
employment  of  a  word  as  a  part  of  speech  other 
than  that  in  which  it  was  ordinarily  used,  was  a 
licence  commonly  allowed  in  Elizabethan  times. 
Moreover,  trist  would  be  the  substantive  form  or 
root  of  an  adjective  twice  used  by  Shakspeare. 
In  the  First  Part  of  King  Henry  IV.— where,  by 
the  way,  the  printer  mistook  it  for  the  commoner 
trustful— when  Falstaff  would  reproach  the  prince 
for  his  mode  of  life,  he  speaks,  not  of  the  sor- 
rowful, or  sorrowing,  or  tearful,  but  of  the  trist- 
tul  queen,  and  so  refers  to  her  habitual  and  settled 
/melancholy,  which  is  go  great  that  the  mere  sight 


of  her  son,  on  his  rare  return  to  the  palace,  moves 
her  to  tears.  In  like  manner,  Hamlet,  speaking 
of  the  settled  sadness  of  the  earth  at  his  mother's 
act,  talks  of,  "  The  tristful  visage  that,  as  against 
the  doom,  is  thought-sick." 

So  is  the  sense  here,  while  it  may  be  also  noted 
as  to  so  Latinate  a  word,  that  Shakspeare  is  rather 
fond  of  occasionally  introducing  a  word  which 
will  recal  the  hearer's  mind  to  the  time  and  scene 
of  the  action.  Posthumus  is  gazing  on  that  which 
alone  remains  to  him  of  Imogen,  her  handkerchief 
dyed  in  her  blood,  and  he  is  full  of  remorse  for 
her  murder.  In  his  self-accusings  he  extenuates 
her  supposed  fault,  and  his  revenge  seems  to  him 
a  hideous  unpardonable  crime.  Naturally  desiring 
death,  in  his  bitter  despair  he  classes  his  own 
among  the  examples  of  a  doctrine  as  to  the  govern- 
ance of  human  affairs  by  the  gods,  which  helps  on 
his  desire  to  leave  life.  "  You,"  says  he,  "  for 
though  we  evilly  do  the  ill,  you  overrule  it  for 
the  victim's  good,  you  for  slight  faults  take  some 
hence,  and  Imogen  among  them,  and  this  in  love, 
that  they  should  sin  no  more.  Other  some  who 
do  ill  (and  among  them  myself)  you  permit  to 
live,  and  withdrawing  your  love  from  them,  this 
is  their  punishment,  that  to  every  one  an  inexor- 
able necessity  arising  from  the  first  crime  follows 
like  an  avenging  fury,  and  compels  them  to  add 
greater  crime  to  greater  crime  continually,  and 
while  thus  driven  on  they  yet,  before  the  com- 
mission of  each  crime,  dread  it,  and  after  its  com- 
mission suffer  still  more  from  the  stings  of  remorse 
and  from  that  overhanging  dread  which,  while  it 
fears  them,  goads  them  on,  goads  me  on,  to  further 
ill  to  my  lasting  and  abiding  sorrow."  Such  I 
take^to  be  his  thoughts  expressed  more  at  length  ; 
and  if  it  be  asked  how  he  had  as  yet  added  crime 
to  crime,  I  answer  that  to  his  remorseful  imagina- 
tion tortured  by  love  of  her  he  had  lost,  his  first 
crime  was  doubt,  his  second,  lending  himself  as  an 
accomplice  to  tempt  her,  and  facilitate  his  own 
dishonour,  and  his  third  her  death.  I  would  add, 
too,  that  though  his  reasoning  is  greatly  pagan, 
inasmuch  as,  though  not  doubting  a  future  state, 
he  neither  here  nor  elsewhere  shows  the  possession 
of  any  sure  hope  or  fear,  but  would  jump  the 
after  enquiry,  vaguely  trusting  to  the  mercy  of 
the  gods  ;  yet  the  doctrine  that  ill  produces  ill, 
and  generally  a  greater  ill,  is  a  favourite  one  with 
Shakspeare,  and  is,  for  instance,  one  of  the  keys  of 
the  whole  story  of  lago,  Desdemona,  and  Othello. 
But  to  return  to  our  passage ;  the  nominative  to 
make  is  clearly  "ye  gods,"  and  as  clearly  the  "  them" 
are  the  "  some  "  who  are  permitted  to  live ;  but 


though  the  crimes  had  been  previously  subdivide 
into  "  each  elder  worse."   But  the  whole  construc- 
ion  is  most   artfully  subtle,  and  here,  as  Ben 


3'i  S.  V.  MAR.  19,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


235 


Jonson  said,  Shakspeare  struck  the  second  heat 
upon  the  Muses'  anvil ;  turned  the  same  and 
himself  with  it  to  write  these  living  lines.  The 
despair  of  Posthumus  leads  him  to  a  general  re- 
flection, which  shows  a  passing  bitterness  against 
providence,  afterwards  atoned  for  by  **  your  blessed 
wills  be  done,"  but  his  remorse  is  so  great  that  he 
cannot  continue  in  generalities;  but  when  he 
comes  to  "  each  elder  worse,"  the  image  of  himself 
and  of  his  own  act,  and  the  bloody  handkerchief,  all 
start  forth  in  full  and  conscious  mental  and  bodily 
view,  and  he  cries,  "  and  makes  them  do  it,"  their, 
my,  last  crime ;  and  then  pressing  the  handker- 
chief to  his  lips  and  hiding  his  face  in  his  hands, 
aye  to  my  sorrow  —  for  ever.  It  is  only  such  an 
outbreak  that  can  redeem  the  scene  from  tame- 
ness,  and  Posthumus  from  the  imputation  of  a 
sullenness  and  mere  dogged  resolution  to  die, 
which  is  foreign  to  his  whole  character.  And  it 
is  only  such  an  outbreak  of  passion,  and  the  ex- 
haustion consequent  on  it,  that  will  allow  of  the 
despairing  resignation  of  the  subsequent  lines. 

"Each  elder  worse"  has  also  been  objected  to, 
but  most  readers  see  and  understand  the  fitness 
of  the  phrase,  though  they  may  find  a  difficulty  in 
explaining  it.  To  the  bystander,  each  isolated 
act  is  indeed  younger,  the  nearer  it  is  to  the  pre- 
sent moment ;  but  as  in  the  history  of  human 
progress,  the  invention  of  the  steam-engine  is 
older  than  that  of  fire,  so  to  Posthumus  himself, 
who  viewed  his  deeds  as  existent  as  much  in 
thought  as  in  action,  and  both  as  parts  of  himself, 
each  after  crime  was  but  the  growth  and  maturing 
of  the  once  tender  plant,  or  the  enveloping  ivy 
from  the  little  seed.  BBINSLEY  NICHOLSON. 


MORGANATIC  AND  EBENBURTIG. 

Both  these  words,  though  of  considerable  im- 
portance at  the  present  day,  are  so  totally  mis- 
represented or  misunderstood,  that  some  elucida- 
tion of  their  meaning  may  be  acceptable,  as  both 
stand  in  some  degree  of  relationship  to  one 
another. 

For  Morganatic,  the  best,  in  fact  the  only  solu- 
tion, is  found  in  the  derivation  of  the  word.  When 
in  the  arid  deserts  of  Arabia,  the  parched  tra- 
veller is  mocked  by  the  optical  illusions  of  run- 
ning streams  and  green  meadows,  these  the  Italians 
call  Fata  Morgana,  the  delusions  of  the  Fee 
Morgana.  Something  thus  delusive  is  a  Mor- 
ganatic Marriage.  For  though  it  involves  no 
immorality,  and  has  always  the  full  sanction  of 
the  church,  it  is,  as  regards  the  wife  and  children, 
an  illusion  and  a  make-believe  :  they  do  not  enjoy 
the  rights  of  the  husband,  if  a  sovereign  prince, 
nor  take  his  title  ;  and  it  is  only  amongst  sovereign 
princes  that  the  practice  obtains.  The  children 
have  only  the  rights  of  the  mother,  unless  she  is 


ebenbiirtig,  or,  as  is  expressed  in  the  closing  act  of 
the  Treaty  of, Vienna,  1815,  d'une  naissance  egale 
\  avec  les  princes  souverains,  or  those  in  succession 
to  become  so. 

It  was,  therefore,  a  prudent  arrangement  for 
princes  who  preferred  the  claims  of  natural  af- 
fection to  those  of  ambition,  to  form  morganatic 
marriages,  which  should  reconcile  the  duties  of 
their  station  with  their  social  wishes.  In  this 
manner,  after  the  death  of  his  first  wife,  the 
Princess  of  Mecklenburg-Strelitz,  Frederic  Wil- 
liam III.,  father  of  the  present  and  previous  king 
of  Prussia,  was  enabled  to  follow  the  dictates  of 
his  affection  for  the  Countess  of  Liegnitz,  who 
was  received  by  all  his  family  as  a  true  wife,  and 
still  continues  to  enjoy  their  respect.  In  a  similar 
manner,  the  last  King  of  Denmark  associated  to 
himself  and  ennobled  the  Countess  Banner ;  nor 
would,  in  our  country,  the  union  of  the  late 
Duke  of  Sussex  with  the  Duchess  of  Inverness 
be  dissimilar.  The  social  position  of  all  these 
families  was  affected  in  no  disreputable  manner 
by  such  a  connection,  but  they  could  not  attain 
the  full  rights  of  marriage,  or  the  civil  state  of 
their  husbands,  because  they  were  not  ebenburtig 
or  de  naissance  egale. 

In  the  Golden  Bull  of  the  Empire,  promulgated 
in  the  fourteenth  century,  legitimacy  is  expressly 
demanded  as  an  imperative  condition  to  any 
sovereignty ;  and  it  is  of  no  consequence  how  long 
or  how  distant  that  stain  may  have  blemished  a 
family.  Our  ducal  houses  of  Grafton  and  St. 
Albans  have  every  right  of  their  high  rank,  but  in 
their  royal  quarterings  the  bar  sinister  is  in- 
delible. 

This  would  ^ntirely  preclude  their  ebenburtig- 
keit  with  our  own  or  any  other  reigning  house  ; 
nor  is  this  question  without  bearing  on  the  present 
political  discussion  of  the  succession  to  the  duke- 
doms of  Schleswig  and  Holstein.  In  lineal  suc- 
cession there  is  no  doubt  but  that  the  elder  Duke 
of  Augustenburg  has  a  prior  claim,  but  his 
marriage  with  the  Countess  Danskiold-Sarasoe, 
a  family  which  has  its  origin  in  an  illegitimate 
scion  of  a  Danish  king,  is  as  much  unebenbiirtig  as 
the  families  of  the  ducal  houses  of  Grafton  or  St. 
Albans  ;  and  her  son,  therefore,  the  present  claim- 
ant, the  younger  Duke  of  Augustenberg,  now  at 
Kiel,  is  entirely  precluded,  being,  like  his  mother, 
unebenbiirtig,  and  more  especially  whilst  his  father, 
who  has  been  bought  off  by  the  Danish  Crown, 
is  still  alive. 

I  may  be  here  allowed  to  state  that,  when  in  a  let- 
ter published  in  the  Times  on  Feb.  29, 1  confirmed 
this  fact  by  an  exact  translation  from  Wegener's 
Actenmdssige  Zwammemtellung  (a  documentary 
collection  of  acts  in  the  history  of  Denmark),  I 
was  contradicted  the  following  morning  in  a  letter 
signed  "  Hamlet,"  ascribing  to  me  an  idea  of  the 
illegitimacy  of  the  Countess  Danskiold-Satnsoe, 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  MAR.  19,  '64. 


• 

which  I  am  astonished  neither  the  writer  nor  the 
editor  did  not  perceive  was  entirely  beside  the 
issue  I  had  raised.  The  ladies  of  the  family  of 
Danskiold-Samsoe,  like  those  of  our  own  ducal 
families  abovenamed,  are  undoubtedly  iully  pre- 
sentable both  at  the  Danish  and  every  other 
Court ;  but  the  question  is,  are  they  not  uneben- 
Mirtig  f  evinced  by  their  not  having  the  haut  pas, 
and  beino-  refused  the  entrance  by  the  grand 
portal  of  the  palace.  Hamlet  may,  like  his  name- 
sake, be  willing  "  to  take  the  Ghost's  word  for  a 
thousand  pounds,"  but  he  must  excuse  me  it  1  am 
not  equally  credulous,  and  decline  to  admit  the 
mere  ipse  dixit  of  a  sub  umbra  controversialist. 

WILLIAM  BELL,  Phil.  Dr. 
4,  Crescent  Place,  Burton  Crescent. 


NORFOLK  FOLK  LORE. 

I  send  you  a  few  little  bits  of  "  folklore,"  picked 

up  at  g ?  an  out-of-the-way  corner  on   the 

Norfolk  coast,  to  be  added  —  should  you  think 
them  worth  the  honour  —  to  the  collection  already 
safely  stowed  away  in  "  N.  &  Q."  As  the  super- 
stitions to  be  found  in  any  particular  district 
always  take  their  tone  to  a  great  degree  from  the 
character  of  the  scenery  and  people  about,  and 
can  only  be  properly  understood  when  considered 
in  connection  with  them,  I  may  as  well  begin  by  say- 
ing that  the  parish  consists  of  two  distinct  villages 

and  populations — Upper  and  Lower  S .     The 

former  is  a  pretty,  clean-looking,  agricultural 
place,  with  a  magnificent  old  church,  and  tiled 
cottages  of  blue  shingle.  It  stands  at  the  foot  of 
rough  heathy  hills,  with  thick  woods  above,  and 
the  open  sea  below.  Lower  S— -  is  a  mile  and 
a  half  off  in  a  valley  between  what  were  once  two 
high  round  sand  hills,  which  the  sea  has  broken 
half  away,  and  changed  into  abrupt  cliffs.  It  con- 
tains a  church- chapel,  till  lately  a  boat-house; 
fair  specimens  of  probably  every  filthy  smell  in 
the  county ;  and  for  inhabitants  a  remarkably 
handsome  set  of  fishermen,  who  marry,  almost 
before  they  have  done  growing,  girls  of  their  own 
village  (a  wedding  with  an  outsider  is  a  very  rare 
event),  and  rear  rough  and  ready  families  in  a 
state  of  chronic  starvation.  They  are  insolently 
independent,  and  in  their  own  calling  fearless 
enough  ;  but  in  Lower  S  there  is  hardly  a 

man  to  be  found  who  would  at  any  price  venture 
half  a  mile  inland  alone  in  the  dark.  The  coast 
is  dangerous,  and  drowning  almost  the  commonest 
shape  in  which  death  visits  the  village.  It  would 
not,  I  believe,  be  hard  to  find  women  who  have 
lost  fathers  and  husbands,  and  sons  and  grandsons, 
perhaps,  in  the  same  way,  one  after  another.  And 
the  old  widows  will  sit  and  rock  themselves  back- 
wards and  forwards  in  their  chairs,  while  their 
son's  wives  rush  wildly  on  to  the  cliffs,  and  strain 


their  eyes  out  to  sea,  as  the  wind  is  getting  up, 
when  the  boats  are  out.  It  is  no  wonder  that 
when  the  minds  of  all  are  continually  haunted 
with  the  one  great  fear,  stories  get  about  that, 
for  such  as  can  read  them,  there  is  many  a  warn- 
ing of  the  coming  of  the  dreaded  storms. 

A  little  way  out  to  sea  there  is  a  spot,  they  jsay, 
just  opposite  a  particular  cliff,  where  the  captain  of 
some  old  ship  was  drowned,  and  there  more  than 
once  fishermen  have  heard  sounds  like  a  human 
voice  coming  up  from  the  water :  whichever  way 
they  pull,  the  voice  is  in  the  other  direction,  till 
at  last,  on  a  sudden,  it  changes,  and  comes  just 
beneath  their  boat  like  the  last  wild  cry  of  a  man 
sinking  hopelessly.  Then,  if  they  are  wise,  they 
settle  down  to  their  oars,  and  row  for  life  to 
shore;  for  life  it  is  — for  they  are  lucky  if  they 
reach  home  in  time  to  escape  the  squall  which  la 
sure  to  follow. 

On  the  boundary  of  the  parish,  at  a  gap  m  the 
cliffs,  if  the  story  an  old  man  gravely  told  me  be 
true,  is  a  place  where  a  hundred  years  ago  twelve 
drowned  Bailors,  who  were  washed  up  after  a 
great  gale,  were  thrown  one  on  the  top  of  another 
into  a  ditch  without  Christian  burial,  and  covered 
with  a  heap  of  stones  ;  and  still,  if  anyone  is  bold 
enough  to  venture  there  by  night  in  bad  weather, 
he  may  distinctly  hear  an  ill-omened  sound,  which 
my  old  friend  illustrated  by  taking  a  handful  of 
shingle,  and  dropping  them  slowly  one  by  one  on 
to  a  big  stone. 

I  asked  him  whether  he  had  ever  heard  it 
himself.  "  No,"  he  said ;  but  once,  a  long  time 
ago,  when  he  was  a  boy,  he  remembered  coming 
along  the  road  a  quarter  of  a  mile  off,  and  he 
thought  (but  he  could  not  be  quite  sure)  that  he 
saw\  light  there ! 

The  old  women  are  apt  to  feel  uncomfortable  if 
a  cat  should  begin  to  play  with  their  gowns  or 
aprons,  for  that  is  a  sign  of  a  gale.  But  perhaps 
the  most  respectable  of  all  the  premonitors  of 
storm  is  the  huge  dog  "  Shock  "  (Shock,  not  Shuck 
with  us),  who  conies  out  of  the  sea,  and  runs 
along  "  Shock's  Lane,"  and  up  on  to  some  hills, 
after  which  his  course  is  uncertain.  His  anatomy 
generally  is  somewhat  anomalous,  for  he  is  "  head- 
less," but  has  "  great  saucer  eyes."  The  poor  fel- 
low seems  conscious  of  some  deformity,  for  he  has 
been  met  with  a  "  white  handkercher  "  tied  over 
the  place  where  his  head  should  be. 

The  "  shrieking  woman  "  is  another,  and  one  of 
the  worst.  When  she  is  heard,  bad  times  are  com- 
ing indeed.  She  had  been  silent  for  a  long  time 
till  last  Christmas,  when  she  threw  several  good 
people  in  Upper  S into  great  alarm  with  un- 
usually hideous  yellings.  As,  however,  a  large 
party  of  young  people  were  coming  home  from 
a  ball  that  night  in  the  direction,  and  at  the  time 
that  the  ominous  sounds  were  heard,  "cheering 
the  way  "  with  choruses  rather  more  hearty  than 


3'd  S.  V.  MAR.  19,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


237 


melodious,  it  seems  just  possible  that  in  this  in- 
stance there  may  have  been  some  slight  mistake  ; 
especially  as  the  storm,  which,  according  to  pre- 
cedent, should  have  followed  the  old  hag's  shrieks, 
did  not  come.  Poor  nervous  wives  as  they  sit 
anxiously  at  home  mending  the  nets,  hear  their 
husband's  voices  talking  or"  shouting  above  the 
wild  noise  of  the  wind,  though  their  boats  may  be 
miles  away  at  sea. 

Only  a  very  few  years  ago,  the  old  clergyman, 
who  for  a  great  many  years  had  been  vicar  of  the 
parish,  as  he  was  walking  home  one  Sunday  even- 
ing after  service  at  Lower  S chapel,  fell  down 

in  the  middle  of  the  road,  and  was  taken  up  dead. 
His  congregation,  who  not  an  hour  before  had 
seen  him  apparently  in  his  usual  health,  could  not 
fail,  in  their  own  way,  to  be  much  impressed  by 
the  awful  suddenness  of  the  good  old  gentleman's 
death  ;  and  there  was  no  lack  of  ready  believers 
when,  a  little  while  afterwards,  a  boy  driving  a 
fish-cart  came,  into  the  village  in  a  state  of  wild 
alarm,  declaring  positively  that  he  passed  him  sitting 
eilent  and  motionless,  leaning  forward  on  his  stick 
on  the  heap  of  stones  beside  the  road  where  first 
they  laid  him. 

Faith  in  the  power  of  the  Evil  Eye,  and  the  effi- 
cacy of  the  old  plan  of  securing  exemption  from  its 
hurtful  influences  by  "blooding  the  witch,"  is 
still  common  in  S ,  and  I  could  quote  in- 
stances of  very  Decent  occurrence. 

The  superstition  that  it  is  unlucky  to  interfere 
with  swallows'  nests  is  so  universal,  that  I  should 
not  allude  to  it  here  except  to  add,  that  in  Upper 

S they  explain   it  by  saying  that  when  the 

birds  gather,  as  they  do  in  thousands,  before  they 
leave  us  for  the  year,  and  sit  in  long  rows  along 
the  leads  of  the  church,  they  are  settling  who  is  to 
die  before  they  come  again. 

„  I  heard  a  quaint  prescription  in  S the  other 

day,  earnestly  recommended  by  an  old  woman  to 
a  young  lady  suffering  from  a  weakness  in  one  of 
her  ankles  —  viz.  some  "grey  dodmen"  (hobby 
snails)  off  the  church  walls,  prepared  in  a  parti- 
cular way  (I  think  boiled  in  a  brass  pot),  and 
smashed  into  a  salve. 

While  on  the  subject  I  may  mention  a  remedy 
for  ague,  which  was  told  me  last  year  by  a  far- 
mer's wife  not  far  from  Aylesbury,  which  I  do  not 
remember  having  ever  heard  elsewhere.  It  was  to 
take  a  black  kettle,  and  draw  a  line  on  it  with  a 
piece  of  chalk,  and  put  it  on  the  fire.  As  the  line 
becomes  black  like  the  rest  of  the  kettle,  the  ague 
should  disappear.  "  But  lor,  Sir ! "  as  my  good  in- 
formant said  at  the  end  of  her  explanation,  "  I 
don't  know  as  that  do  do  any  good."  I  have  heard 
of  the  people  in  Pinner,  near  Harrow,  curing  the 
ague  by  getting  up  at  twelve  in  the  night,  and 
going  out  in  their  night-gowns  to  cut  a  stick  from 
a  thorn  bush.  It  does  not  sound  comfortable  in  a 
clay  country. 


Anyone  who  has  read  anything  of  the  witch 
trials,  conducted  by  Matthew  Hopkins  in  the 
seventeenth  century,  will  remember  that  one  very 
common  charge  on  which  many  poor  creatures 
were  executed,  was  the  possession  of  "imps," 
shaped  usually  like  some  of  the  lower  animals, 
which  were  said  to  be  in  constant  attendance  upon 
them,  and  to  urge  them  on  to  iniquities  of  all 
sorts.  The  belief  appears  generally  to  have  died 
out  at  the  " witch-finder-general's "  death;  but 
the  following  story,  given  as  nearly  as  I  can  recol- 
lect in  the  words  in  which  I  received  it  direct  from 
the  clergyman  to  whom  it  was  originally  told, 
seems  to  show  that  remnants  of  that,  as  well  as 
almost  every  other  superstition,  still  linger  among 

us  at  S .     Some    years   ago,    Joe   Smith,   a 

parishioner,  who  had  once  been  very  regular  in 
his  attendance  at  church,  was  asked  how  it  was 
that  of  late  he  had  never  been  there  ?  "  It's  no 
use  my  coming,  Sir,"  he  said  ,•  "  I'm  in  bad  hands  ! 
I'm  in  bad  hands  !  I  had  a  filly,  and  she  hanged 
herself,  and  my  pigs  take  to  foaming  at  the 
mouth !  " 

Some  little  time  before,  he  had  been  to  do  some 
harvest  work  for  an  old  woman  occupying  a  small 
farm  in  the  next  parish.  The  wheat  was  nearly 
all  carried,  and  he  and  the  old  lady's  son  were 
waiting  on  the  top  of  the  rick  for  the  next  waggon- 
load,  when  Joe  happening  to  look  towards  his 
companion,  who  was  lying  down  half  asleep  on 
his  back  with  his  arms  spread  out,  and  his  eyes 
shut,  saw  a  large  toad  crawling  quietly  along  his 
chest  towards  his  open  mouth.  He  called  out  to 
him,  and  he  jumped  up  and  shook  the  beast  off, 
and  Joe  stuck  his  fork  into  the  poor  thing,  and 
"  hulled  him  away."  Before  long  the  toad  made 
his  appearance  again,  and,  this  time  with  his  "in- 
nards hanging  out,"  made  his  way  straight  towards 
the  same  man.  Feeling  somewhat  uncomfortable 
at  this,  the  two  took  it  into  the  wash-house,  and 
threw  it  into  the  fire  under  the  boiler ;  but  the 
old  lady  rescued  it,  and,  scolding  them  for  their 
cruelty,  "  pitched  it  into  the  horsepond." 

One  might  have  supposed  that  this  would  have 
been  enough  for  it ;  but,  no !  Soon  they  saw  it 
again,  torn  with  the  fork,  blackened  with  the  fire 
and  mud  from  the  pond,  coming  straight  up  to 
them  for  the  third  time. 

The  explanation  given  was,  that  the  seeming 
toad  was  in  reality  the  "  imp  "  of  the  old  woman, 
who  died  shortly  afterwards  I  believe ;  and  that, 
knowing  her  death  to  be  near,  it  was  leaving  her, 
and  attaching  itself  to  her  son  and  heir. 

Whether  by  his  conduct  Joe  had  incurred  the 
displeasure  of  the  "  imp,"  or  why  it  was,  I  cannot 
tell,  but  ever  after  that  he  had  been  an  unlucky 
fellow,  and  the  conviction  that  he  was  in  "bad 
hands"  had  so  completely  taken  possession  of  him, 
that  he  believed  it  quite  useless  to  go  to  church 
like  any  ordinary  Christian.  T.  D.  P. 


238 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  MAR,  19,  '64. 


HYMNS  BY  THE  DUKE  OF  ROXBURGH.  —  Some 
time  ago  I  fell  in  with  a  very  nice  copy  of  a  book 
entitled,  Hymns  and  Spiritual  Songs  on  Severn' 
Subjects,  to  which  is  added  the  Marriage  Supper  of 
the  Lamb,  a  Poem,  8vo,  pp.144.  Edin.,  printed 
by  H.  Gafbraith,  and  sold  by  W.  Gray,  and  by 
John  Hoy,  at  Gattonside,  1777.  Lettered  on  the 
back  "Hymns,  &c.,  by  the  Duke  of  Roxburgh," 
the  authority  for  which  being,  apparently,  the 
original  blue  paper  cover  of  the  book,  whereon  is 
written,  "  Spiritual  Hymns,  by  his  Grace  the 
Duke  of  Roxburgh,"  preserved  in  the  volume. 

The  book  has  a  preface,  in  which  it  is  expressly 
stated  that  — 

"  the  author  is  a  man  of  low  estate,  and  lives  in  a  lonely 
village,  where  he  labours  for  his  own  and  family's  bread, 
that  he  may  not  be  chargeable  to  any  man.  Another 
branch  of  his  employment,  he  says,  is  to  water  and  feed 
a  little  flock  of  Christians,  who  have  called  him  to  take 
the  oversight  of  them,  at  whose  desire  these  Hymns  have 
made  their  appearance." 

There  is  certainly  nothing  here  to  warrant  the 
ascription  of  these  spiritual  songs  to  the  duke,  or 
to  entitle  them  to  figure  in  the  Cat.  of  Royal  and 
Noble  Authors.  The  book  in  its  blue-paper-cover 
state,  has  passed  through  the  hands  of  George 
Chalmers,  who  marks  it  No.  685  in  his  missing 
Bibliographia  Scotica  Poetica ;  and  there  is  little 
doubt  that  Dr.  Bliss  is  chargeable  with  the  bind- 
ing and  lettering ;  yet  neither  of  these  book-men 
note  the  manifest  absurdity,  in  the  face  of  the 
preface,  of  fathering  the  volume  upon  the  duke. 
My  own  opinion  is  that  the  real  author  is  the 
John  Hoy  of  the  imprint.  A  person  of  this  name 
and  locality,  called  the  younger,  was  the  author  of 
a  posthumous  volume  of  poems,  printed  in  1781, 
but  he  died  early,  and  could  not  have  been  a  man 
of  the  matured  responsibilities  of  my  subject, 
whom  I  shall  designate  the  elder ;  nor  is  there  the 
slightest  allusion  in  the  junior's  book  to  the  father 
beyond  the  fact  that  he  calls  himself  the  son  of  a 
small  farmer,  which  the  author  of  the  spiritual 
songs  was.  Finally,  from  the  old  man's  descrip- 
tion of  himself,  we  may  infer  that  he  was  the  pa- 
triarch of  the  village  of  Gattonside,  and  a  type  of 
the  old  covenanting  layman,  so  well  drawn  by 
Burns  in  his  Cottar's  Saturday  Night.  A.  G. 

ANONYMOUS  CONTRIBUTIONS  TO  "N.  &  Q." 

Mr.  Cobden,  a  gladiator  daring  the  dangers  of  the 
arena  in  defence  of  another's  political  integrity 
has  compelled  the  editor  of  The  Times  to  lay  aside 
the  garb  of  "airy  nothing,"  and  to  assume,  like 
other  folk,  "  a  local  habitation  and  a  name." 
Ihough  the  struggle  has  been  unseemly  in  the 
extreme,  though  the  scheme  proposed  by  that 
gentleman  has  been  condemned  by  the  fourth 
estate  of  the  realm,  and  though  it  would,  if  carried 
out,  inevitably  destroy  the  freedom  and  beneficial 
influence  of  the  English  press,  it  may  yet  lead  to 
some  suggestions  with  regard  to  the  anonymous 


nature  of  many  contributions  to  "  N.  &  Q.,"  and 
other  publications  purely  literary.  A  review 
would  be  read  with  greater  avidity  if  it  were 
known  that  a  Macaulay  or  a  Jeffreys  had  penned 
it.  In  a  similar  manner  the  value  of  this  work 
would,  I  submit,  be  increased  a  hundred  fold  if 
all  subscribed  their  names  to  their  communica- 
tions. It  is  only  after  an  experience  of  the  usual 
justness  of  a  writer's  deductions  that  any  weight 
can  be  attached  to  a  SHEM,  a  HERMENTRUDE,  or  a 
F.  C.  H.  Nor  would  the  same  attention  be  paid 
to  the  ideas  or  suggestions  of  a  PROFESSOR  DE 
MORGAN,  a  LORD  LTTTELTON,  or  a  HALLIWELL,  if 
the  authorship  of  their  articles  remained  a  secret. 
WYNNE  E.  BAXTER. 

HERALDS'  VISITATIONS. — Permit  me  to  remark 
in  your  columns,  that  it  would  be  a  very  great 
convenience  to  genealogists  and  historical  in- 
quirers if  some  one  would  compile  an  index  to  the 
printed  Heralds'  Visitations  and  County  Histories 
similar  to  Mr.  Sims's  valuable  Index  to  the  He- 
ralds' Visitations  in  the  British  Museum. 

A  GENEALOGIST. 

VISHNU  THE  PROTOTYPE  OF  THE  MERMAID.  — 
The  prototype  of  the  fabulous  mermaid  exists  in 
the  Fish  Incarnation  of  Vishnu,  the  second  person 
of  the  Hindoo  Triad.  Vishnu  therein  is  repre- 
sented as  a  comely  youth ;  his  hair  falling  upon 
his  shoulders  in  curling  locks,  holding  in  his  right 
hand  a  chuhram  or  wheel  by  a  handle  fastened  to 
it.  In  his  left  he  holds  a  conch  shell  having 
many  well-defined  convolutes.  If  the  spokes  are 
taken  from  the  wheel,  we  have  the  circular  look- 
ing-glass of  the  mermaid  ;  and  little  fancy  is  re- 
quired to  change  the  convolutes  of  the  shell  in 
the  left  hand  into  the  teeth  of  a  comb.  The  upper 
part  of  the  god  is  that  of  a  man,  the  lower  being 
that  of  a  fish.  This  Incarnation  of  Vishnu  is  iden- 
tical with  the  Chaldee  fish  god  Anu,  and  in  both 
the  memory  of  Nu  or  Noah  is  preserved.  Vishnu 
"s  sometimes  represented  floating  in  a  shell  or  ark. 

H.C. 

CLARGES.  —  Perhaps  the  enclosed  letter  of  a 
staunch  cavalier  may  interest  the  readers  of 
*N.  &  Q."  Who  the  writer  is,  that  his  autograph 
consists  of  his  surname  only,  I  cannot  say.  Burke's 
Extinct  Baronetage  giving  a  baronet  only,  of  the 
name  of  Clarges,  as  flourishing  during  those  un- 
happy times.  The  volume  in  which  I  met  with 
it  (Harl.  MS.  6804),  contains  many  papers  of 
interest  relating  to  the  Great  Rebellion.  Amongst 
others,  a  list  of  such  as  were  known  to  be  well 
affected  to  the  "Kinge's  Majesty  within  the  City 
of  Gloucester." 

"  ffor  M.  Walker,  Secretary  of  the  Cunsell  of  warre, 
these :  — 

"  Sr, — 1  know  you  have  so  much  imployment  you  can 
not  thinke  of  ever}'  perticuler  to  answeare*  all's  expecta- 
tion, and  that  diligence  to  put  you  in  minde  much  ad- 


3'<«  S.  V.  MAR.  19,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


239 


vances  any  bussines,  weh  makes  mee  trouble  you  wth  the 
importunity  of  my  boy  to  intreate  that  you  would  be 
pleased  to  obleige"  God  Allmighty,  your  servant,  and  a 
thousand  poore  Lazares  wch  your  zeale  in  this  bussines 
will  certainely  doe.  The  last  troublesome  letter  you  saw 
of  myne  has  all  our  wants  in  it  except  a  Chirurgien, 
which  some  course  must  speedily  obteine;  for  we  want 
much  his  assistance,  and  bury  more  toes  and  fingers  then 
wee  doe  men.  I  am  now,  by  a  subtle  Philosophy,  be- 
come a  Dr  of  Phisick,  two  Apothecaries,  three  overseers, 
and  twelve  attendance ;  and  I'll  assure  you  this  service 
is  as  dangerous  (though  not  so  honerable)  as  the  leadinge 
on  of  Infants  perdues.  I  hope  this  will  be  enough  to 
intreate  you  to  let  this  day  ende  all  our  necessities :  for  I 
am  so  great  a  Zelot  in  this  cause,  that  I  beginne  to  thinke 
myselfe  in  a  better  condition  to  serve  these  poore  misers 
heere  then  the  Gallantry  at  Court ;  and  from  this  pursuit 
neither  the  ringeinge  of  bells  yesterday,  the  bonfires,  or 
the  joy  of  the  Kinge,  and  blessed  intertainment  of  my 
Royall  mistris,  could  tempt  mee.  And  to  adde  to  this 
miracle,  I  never  had  a  better  constitution  of  health,  wch 
1  am  very  proude  to  preserve,  to  serve  the  Kinge  and 
live  to  acknowledge  how  much  you  have  ingaged 
"  Yr  Servant, 

"  CLARGES." 
JOHN  SLEIGH. 
Thornbridge,  Bakewell. 

THOMAS  ADAM,  alias  WELHOWSE.  —  On  an  an- 
cient stone  slab  in  the  beautiful  but  neglected 
church  of  Langham,  co.  Rutland,  is  an  inscription 
now  being  fast  obliterated  by  the  feet  of  "the 
rude  forefathers  of  the  hamlet,"  and  I  am  desir- 
ous of  storing  it  up  in  the  sanctum  of  "  N.  &  Q.," 
as  it  is  curious  and  fast  approaching  illegibility. 
In  fact  many  persons  have  in  vain  tried  to  deci- 
pher it :  — 

(In  extenso.*) 

"Hie  jacet  Thomas  Adam  alias  Welhowse  Senior  et 
Helena  uxorejus  mercator  de  Stapell  Calesie,  anno  domini 
m°cccclxxxiii,  obiit  xxvii  die  mensis  Aprilis.  Thomas 
Adam  junior,  filius  ante  vocati,  etiam  mercator  Stapell 
de  Calesie  anno  domini  Mcccccxxxii,  quarum  propicietur 
Deus."  Amen. 

PHILIP  AUBREY  AUDLET. 


"A»  EUNDEM"  HOODS.  — Much  has  been  in- 
serted in  «  N.  &  Q."  on  the  subject  of  University 
hoods  and  degrees;  and,  probably,  my  question 
has  been  anticipated,  although  I  cannot  find  a 
reply  to  it.  The  query  is  —  Has  a  M. A.  of  Cam- 
bridge or  Dublin  any  right  to  wear  the  Oxford 
M.A.  hood,  merely  because  admitted  ad  eundem 
gradum  *  This  is  a  thing  never  done  by  Cantabs, 
who,  with  perfect  justice,  are  as  proud  of  their 
University  as  Oxonians  of  theirs  ;  but  it  is  com- 
monly done  by  Dublin  men,  who,  after  taking  an 
ad  eundem  dfgree,  without  scruple  discard  the 
blue  hood  for  good  and  for  aye.  Is  this  right  ? 
I  believe  not.  JUXTA  TURRIM. 

ARMS  WANTED.  —  On  an  old  figured  tray  made 
of  papier  machee,  or  other  composition,  in  my 


possession  are  the  following  arms  :  Vert,  two  bil- 
lets raguled  and  trunked  placed  saltirewise,  the 
dexter  surmounted  of  the  sinister,  or.  Crest :  An 
arm  embowed,  in  armour,  holding  an  arrow.  This 
is  placed  on  a  helmet  reversed,  or  turned  the 
contrary  way  to  which  it  is  u§ually  represented. 

The  nearest  resemblance  to  this  bearing  that  I 
have  met  with  is  for  the  name  of  Shurstab,  "a 
Dutch  coat,"  says  Gwillim.  The  one  I  have  given 
above  is  probably  a  foreign  one  also.  Can  any 
one  inform  me  to  what  family  it  pertains? 

C.  J. 

SIR  WILLIAM  BERESFORD. —  I  enclose  an  ac- 
count of  an  old  portrait  in  the  possession  of  a 
friend.  The  date  is  quite  irreconcilable  with  the 
date  of  any  English  portrait,  and  the  English 
style,  "  Sir  William,"  is  equally  irreconcilable 
with  a  painting  of  the  alleged  age.  I  shall 
be  glad  if  any  of  your  readers  can  suggest  who 
the  Sir  William  Beresford  was  to  whom  the 
picture  is  assigned.  Probably  he  was  some  Der- 
byshire man  of  the  fifteenth  or  sixteenth  cen- 
tury, well  known  to  the  local  historians  of  that 
county :  — 

DESCRIPTION   OF  A    HALF-LENGTH   PORTRAIT   OF    SIR 
WILLIAM  BERESFORD,   KNIGHT,    1345.* 

The  picture  is  painted  on  a  panel  of  oak  very  roughly 
dressed,  thin  at  the  edges,  and  with  two  longitudinal 
cracks,  as  if  composed  of  three  boards  like  some  of  the 
early  Flemish  pictures.  On  this  uneven  back  surface,  the 
following  inscription  occurs  in  large  old  lettering,  "Sir 
Wm  Beresford,  Knt. ;  "  and  below  is  written  in  the  hand 
of  the  last  century,  "  Pinxt.  1345."  On  the  frame  the 
name  and  date  are  repeated,  showing  the  anxiety  of  the 
former  owners  to  preserve  what  is  now  scaling  off  from 
the  face  of  the  picture,  viz.  the  artist's  date  of  execution. 
In  the  left-hand  corner  of  the  front  of  the  picture  occur 
these  letters  and  figures  "  AO  13  5."  The  third  figure 
"  4  "  has  disappeared  altogether.  In  the  right-hand  cor- 
ner is  painted  "^ETATIS  75."  Were  it  not  for  the 
rather  heavy  outline  there  would  be  difficulty  in  making- 
out  the  exact  shape  of  Sir  Wm.'s  cap  from  the  black  back- 
ground. Though  this  cap  bears  some  resemblance  to  those 
worn  in  Edw.  Vlth's  reign,  yet  caps  of  many  shapes  were 
worn  in  Edw.  Illrd's  time  with  a  single  feather  upright 
in  front  of  the  bonnet.  The  face  of  Sir  Wm.  is  tolerably 
limned,  and  he  looks  out  upon  you  stern  and  resolute. 
The  eyes  have  life  and  character,  though  they  appear  too 
small.  The  flesh-colour  of  the  cheeks  is  well  preserved, 
and  the  nose  is  nicely  proportioned,  and  in  good  relief. 
Immediately  beneath  "it  falls  a  noble  brown  moustache, 
twisted  in  on  each  side  to  show  the  smallest  bit  of  mouth. 
The  beard  is  heavy,  and  long  enough  to  cover  the  whole 
chest;  it  falls  naturally,  and  divides  near  the  end  into  two 
thick  points.  Sir  Wm.  wears  a  black  sable-trimmed  gar- 
ment, the  fur  wide  on  the  shoulders,  narrowing  in  its 
descent  in  front  like  a  lady's  boa.  In  Edw.  Illrd's  reign 
we  are  told  that  furs  of  ermine  and  lettice  were  strictly 
forbidden  to  any  but  the  royal  family,  though  nobles  pos- 
sessing a  thousand  pounds  per  annum  might  sport  them. 
Peeping  from  under  the  right  whisker,  and  resting  flat 
upon  the  shoulder  fur,  is  a  fragment  of  lace  with  a  tassel. 
A  tight-fitting  black  sleeve  covers  the  left  arm,  and  the 
wrist  is  encircled  with  lace  of  the  same  pattern  as  the 


[*  Surely  it  is  1545.— ED.  "  N.  &  Q."] 


240 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  V.  MAR.  19,  '64. 


collar,  quilled.  The  right  hand  grasps  a  pair  of  gloves, 
evidently  intended  for  strong  buckskin ;  they  have  two 
tags,  and  one  glove  has  a  button  on  it  covered  with 
leather.  Varnish  has  been  sparingly  used  on  the  picture, 
and  the  blistering  appears  to  have  been  caused  by  the 
shrinking  of  the  fibre  of  the  wood.  The  hands  are  fairly 
painted,  but  display  no  rings  upon  the  fingers. 

CAMPOLONGO' s  "  LITHOLEXICON."  —  I  have  in 
my  possession  a  curious  book,  published  in  Naples 
in  the  year  1782,  called  Litholexicon.  It  consists 
principally  of  inscriptions,  containing  unusual 
words  collected  from  brasses  and  marbles  in  vari- 
ous parts  of  Italy.  The  author,  Emmanuel  Cam- 
polongo,  gives  a  not  very  intelligible  account  in 
a  long  preface  of  the  manner  in  which  the  manu- 
script copies  of  these  inscriptions  came  into  his 
hands.  Much  mention  is  made  in  the  preface, 
and  in  several  inscriptions,  of  a  sect  called  Adei, 
about  whom  I  should  be  glad  to  receive  more 
particular  information.  The  following  is  the  ac- 
count the  author  gives  of  them  :  — 

"  Adei,  secta  qusedam  Deos  eliminans,  archaica,  et 
usque  perdurans  sseculis  posterioribus,  fundata  superbise, 
irae,  luxuriaeque  basi;  per  totum  terrarum  orbem  dis- 
seminata,  disjunctaque  sic,  ut  nulla  Magistratus  vi  cohi- 
beri  posset;  diabolica  quaquaversum ;  de  qua  altum  ferme 
silentium  apud  Scriptores,  quoniam  unusquisque  metuebat 
gratis  sibi  malum  accersere;  nisi  quod  de  ea  Cselius 
Rodiginus  meminit.  Facciosus  Adeus  citatus  cum  Deista 
ante  ferum  diabolum,  cedere  Caino  Adeatum,  furore  cor- 
reptus  dedit  alapam  diabolo'Deistajque. — Caelius  Rodigi- 
nus, Libro  Geomantiae,  cum  Ritterhusio." 

From  many  equally  strange  inscriptions  re- 
lating to  this  sect  I  transcribe  the  following :  — 

"  Icilius,  Adeus,  Asinio,  Dedit,  Alapam,  Vesuvino. 
Adeo.  Manigravem.  Ut,  Dedidicerit,  Adeis,  Dare,  Ala- 
pas.  Asinius,  Calcibus,  Asini.  Dignus.  A.  Conjuge. 
Amissa,  Gementis." 

I  shall  be  obliged  for  any  information  respecting 
these  Adei,  and  the  authority  of  the  Litholexicon 
of  Emmanuel  Campolongo.* 

B.  L. 

Colchester. 

JOHN  DANIEL,  AND  OTHER  EARLY  PLAYERS. — 
Between  the  years  1619  and  1633,  various  pay- 
ments were  made  by  the  corporation  of  this  town 
to  the  leaders  and  managers  of  several  companies 
-f  players  visiting  the  place.  The  following 


of 


names  occur  'in  these  entries :  Ellis  Gest,  or 
Guest ;  Thomas  Swinnerton  ;  Artlmret  Grimes ; 

John   Daniel;   Terry;    Slater;  

Townsend  ;    Knight ; Kite  ;     

Moore  ;  Dishley ;  and  Perrie.     A  few 

of  them  are  mentioned  in  Mr.  J.  P.  Collier's  An- 
nals of  the  Stage.  I  shall  feel  grateful  for  an 
early  communication  of  any  additional  particulars 
respecting  any  of  them.  WILLIAM  KELLY. 

Leicester. 

[*  For  a  short,  account  of  Emmanuel  Campolongo,  and 
a  list  of  his  works,  consult  the  Nouvelle  Bwqraphie  Gene- 
rale,  viii.  415.— ED.] 


DIGBY  PEDIGREE.  —  We  are  informed  by  An- 
thony Wood,  in  his  Life  of  Sir  Kenelm  Digby,  that 
a  book  was  compiled  by  order  of  the  latter,  con- 
taining a  history  of  the  Digby  family.  It  seems 
that  the  Tower,  and  all  other  similar  depositories 
in  London,  were  diligently  searched  for  record 
evidence  as  to  this  illustrious  family ;  and  that  the 
volume  contained  drawings  of  all  the  then  existing 
sepulchral  monuments  of  that 'race,  and  especially 
the  then  recently  erected  tomb  of  Venetia  Digby, 
wife  of  Sir  Kenelm.  Where  is  this  book  now  ?  * 
A  LORD  or  A  MANOR. 

"THE  GLEANER,"  ETC.  —  In  January,  1821,  a 
weekly  periodical,  entitled  The  Gleaner,  or,  Lady's 
and  Gentleman  s  Magazine,  was  started  in  Dublin  ; 
and  I  have  a  copy  of  the  first  number.  Can  you 
tell  me  whether  any  other  numbers  appeared  ? 

ABHBA. 

FAMILY  or  GOODRICH. — The  inquirer  wants  the 
history  and  pedigree  of  a  family  of  this  name. 
Any  information  will  be  a  favour.  He  under- 
stands that  the  English  locality  of  the  head  of  the 
family  was  at  one  time  at  Lympton,  near  Exeter ; 
but  they  had  a  connexion,  mercantile  and  other, 
with  America,  at  New  York  and  in  Virginia ;  and 
at  the  Revolution;  took  the  Royalist  side.  There, 
and  in  England,  they  were  much  connected  in 
business,  and  by  marriage,  with  the  family  of 
Shedden.  About  fifty  years  ago,  there  appear  to 
have  been  five  or  six  brothers  Goodriches.  John, 
believed  the  eldest,  lived  at  Everglyn,  near  Caer- 
philly,  Glamorganshire.  His  eldest  son  was  Wil- 
liam, of  Gloucestershire ;  his  youngest  the  Rev. 
Barlet,  Vicar  of  Great  Baling,  Essex.  William 
of  Gloucestershire  had  several  sons  and  daughters. 
The  sons,  as  far  as  known,  William  (sed  qu.} ; 
James;  the  Rev.  Octavius,  Vicar  of  Hampton, 
near  Leominster ;  and  Arthur.  The  family  lived 
lately,  if  not  now,  in  Gloucestershire,  at  Matson 
House,  and  at  Maisemore  Court,  both  near  Glou- 
cester. Of  the  five  or  six  brothers  mentioned, 
another,  Bartlet,  once  lived  at  Lutwich  Hall, 
Salop  ;  and  had  a  house  in  Queen  Square,  London. 
He  removed  from  Lutwich  to  Saling  Grove,  Es- 
sex. He  had  eight  daughters ;  one  of  whom, 
Margaret,  married  her  cousin  Bridger  Goodrich, 
of  Lenborough,  Bucks,  son  of  another  of  the  five 
or  six  brothers ;  and  another  of  the  daughters 
married  another  cousin,  the  Rev.  Bartlet  Good- 
rich, already  mentioned.  Bartlet  Goodrich,  of 
Saling  Grove,  was  certainly  one  of  the  family, 
who  had  had  a  connexion  with  America.  His 
wife  was  Mary  Wilson,  believed  of  New  York. 

[*  Mr.  Evelyn  Philip  Shirley,  in  his  Noble  and  Gentle 
Men  of  England,  1859,  p.  72,  states,  that  an  account  of  the 
famous  Digby  pedigree,  compiled  by  order  of  Sir  Kenelm 
in  1634,  at  the  expense,  it  is  said,  of  1200/.,  may  be  found 
in  Pennant's  Journey  from  Chester  to  London,  8vo,  1811, 
p.  441.] 


3"1  S.  V.  MAR.  19,  '64.  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


241 


Information,  sent  either  through  "  N.  &  Q.,"  or 
under  cover  addressed  "  Box,  No.  62,  Post  Office, 
Derby,"  will,  as  said,  be  a  favour.  M.  A.  J 

ABP.  HAMILTON.  —  In  the  Cathedral  of  Upsal, 
in  Sweden,  lies  buried  (in  the  same  grave  as 
Laurentius  Petri  Nericius,  the  first  Protestant 
archbishop  of  Upsal),  Archibald  Hamilton,  Arch- 
bishop of  Cashel,  who  died  at  Upsal,  1650.  Can 
anyone  give  me  any  information  as  to  this  Irish- 
man's doings  in  Sweden  ?  When  did  he  fly  thither? 

jii.  o.  JVt. 

HERALDIC  QUERY. — A.  belongs  to  a  family  who 
have  never  been  armigeri,  and  obtains  for  himself 
a  grant  of  arms.  He  dies  without  issue.  Have 
A.'s  brothers,  or  other  relatives,  any  claim  what- 
ever to  bear  the  arms  granted  .to  A.  ? 

It  appears  to  me  they  can  have  no  such  right, 
but  I  should  wish  to  have  my  opinion  sanctioned 


by  the  authority  of  "N.  &  Q.' 


J. 


REV.  JAMES  KENNEDY.  —  In  the  year  1818,  the 
Rev.  James  Kennedy,  A.B.,  published  a  12mo 
pamphlet,  entitled  — 

"  Lachrymae  Academics ;  comprising  Stanzas  in  Eng- 
lish and  Greek,  addressed  to  the  Memory  of  the  Princess 
Charlotte."  Dublin,  pp.  34. 

The  author,  I  think,  is  dead ;  and  I  wish  to 
know  where  I  may  find  any  particulars  respect- 
ing him.  ABHBA. 

WILLIAM  LILLINGTON  LEWIS,  of  Pembroke  Col- 
lege, Oxford,  became  B.A.  June  26,  1764.  He 
occurs,  in  1 765,  as  first  usher  of  Repton  Grammar 
School,  Derbyshire.  He  published,  by  subscrip- 
tion, the  Thebaid  of  Statius,  translated  into 
English  verse,  Oxford,  2  vols.  8vo,  1767.  It  is 
dedicated  to  Henry,  Duke  of  Beaufort;  and, 
amongst  the  subscribers,  are  many  inhabitants  of 
Gloucestershire  and  the  adjoining  counties.  A 
second  and  improved  edition  of  the  work  ap- 
peared at  Oxford  in  1773.  This  translation  is 
comprised  in  the  poetical  collections  of  Anderson 
and  Chalmers.  More  about  the  translator  is 
desired.  S.  Y.  R. 

JOSEPH  MASSIE,  a  celebrated  political  writer, 
who  died  Nov.  1,  1784,  is  mentioned  in  M'Cul- 
loch's  Literature  of  Political  Economy,  251,  330, 
331.  It  is  observable  that  Watt  calls  him  John. 
He  is  also  called  John  in  the  published  Catalogue 
of  the  Printed  Books  in  the  British  Museum.  In 
the  Bodleian  Catalogue  he  appears  as  J.  Massie. 
I  suppose  that,  like  too  many  of  the  authors  of  the 
present  day,  he  gave  only  the  initials  of  his  Chris- 
tian name  on  the  titles  of  his  books.  S.  Y.  R. 

REBUS  WANTED.— I  should  feel  obliged  to  any 
correspondent  who  may  be  able  to  give  me  a 
description  of  any  rebus,  or  punning  motto,  borne 
for  the  name  of  Ford.  CARILFORD. 

Cape  Town. 


RICHARD  SMITH. — Born  at  Bramham,  York- 
shire, in  1626  \  died  there  in  1688.  A  MS.  journal 
says  that  he  "  was  educated  for  the  gown,  but  y* 
troubles  in  England  at  that  time  prevented  his 
proceeding."  Is  his  name  upon  the  records  of  any 
of  the  Inns  of  Court  ?  Does  the  word  "  gown  " 
apply  to  all  of  the  three  learned  professions  ? 

ST.  T. 

ST.  JOHN  CLIMACHUS. — I  have  a  copy  of  the 
Climax  of  this  father  (the  great  work  from  which 
he  derived  his  surname)  in  Latin,  which  very 
closely  resembles  the  Paris  edition  of  1511,  de- 
scribed by  Panzer  (vol.  x.  p.  6,  art.  469),  a  copy 
of  which  is  in  the  British  Museum. 

Mine  differs  from  that  edition  in  the  following 
particulars :  — 

1.  It  bears  no  imprint  of  place  or  date. 

2.  Each  folio  is  numbered. 

3.  The  type  is  somewhat  neater,  and  the  initial 
letters  more  ornamental. 

4.  The  title   is  simply   "Doctor  spualis   cly- 
macus." 

5.  The  printer's  mark  is  that  of  Denis  Roche, 
who  flourished  in  Paris,  1501-1516. 

My  copy  was  formerly  in  the  Library  of  the 
late  Mr.  Peter  Hardy,  F.R.S.,  a  distinguished 
actuary,  and  a  very  excellent  and  learned  man. 
I  do  not  find  Roche's  edition  mentioned  either 
in  Panzer,  or  in  the  prefatory  Remarks  to  the 
Reprint  of  the  Climax  in  Migne's  Patrologice 
Cursus  Completw,  Series  Graeca,  vol.  Ixxxviii. 
This  famous  work  of  St.  John  of  Mount  Sinai 
was  translated  into  English  for  the  first  time  as 
recently  as  1857,  by  a  priest  of  the  Roman 
Catholic  Church,  whose  name  escapes  me  at  this 
moment.*  An  account  of  the  saint  is  given  in 
Alban  Butler,  under  March  30. 

Possibly  your  learned  correspondent  CANON 
DALTON,  who  takes  so  much  interest  in  the  labours 
of  Ximenes,  may  be  able  to  contribute  some  bib- 
liographical notes  of  this  Treatise  — the  popularity 
of  which  on  the  continent,  in  the  early  part  of  the 
sixteenth  century,  was  no  doubt  due  to  that  car- 
dinal's reprint  of  it. 

JOB  J.  B.  WORKABD. 

SONG  :  "  Is  IT  TO  TRY  ME  ?  " — Can  any  of  your 
correspondents  tell  me  where  to  find  the  words  of 
a  song  (said  to  have  been  sung  by  the  late  Ed- 
mund Kean),  of  which  the  first  verse  is  as  fol- 
lows :  — 

"  Is  it  to  try  me 
That  you  thus  fly  me  ?  — 
Can  you  deny  me 
Day  after  day  ?  " 

F.  F.  C. 


[*  The  Holy  Ladder  of  Perfection,  by  which  we  may 
Ascend  to  Heaven.  Translated  from  the  Greek  by  Father 
Robert,  Mount  St.  Bernard's  Abbey.  Lond.  1858,  18mo. 
—ED.] 


242 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  MAR.  19,  '64. 


SOPHOCLES. — Who  are  authors  of  1.  (Edipm 
Tyrannus,  literally  translated  by  a  Graduate 
Dublin,  1840,  12mo?  2.  OEdipus  Tyrannus  of 
Sophocles,  literally,  translated,  London,  Bell, 
1847?  3.  Sophocles,  Greek  and  Latin,  cum 
Scholiis.  Cantab.  J.  Field,  small  8vo,  1665.  Re- 
printed 1668,  9,  73.  Who  is  the  author  of  this 
Latin  version  ?  R.  I. 

THEOCRITUS.  —  1 .  Theocritus.  Six  Eclogues 
translated  by  E.D.  Oxford,  1588.— 2.  Theocriti 
qucedam  seleciiora  Eidyllia,  Greek  and  Latin,  by 
David  Whiteford,  London,  4to,  1659.  Is  the 
14th idyllof  Theocritus,  " The Syracusan  Gossips," 
included  in  these  Latin  and  English  translations  ? 
Is  anything  known  of  the  translators  ?  R.  I. 

WILLS  AT  LLANDAFF.— Can  any  of  your  readers 
inform  me  of  the  fate  of  the  earlier  portion  of  the 
wills  that  have  been  proved  at  Llandaff?  The 
existing  documents,  preserved  in  that  diminutive 
city  do  not  go  back  so  far  as  1700 ;  and  a  tradi- 
tion reports  that  the  more  ancient  records  were 
destroyed  by  fire.  If  any  of  your  correspondents 
can  enlighten  me  on  this  subject,  or  can  inform 
me  whether  the  wills  in  question  have  been  trans- 
ferred to  any  other  diocese,  they  will  much  oblige 

ANTIQUITAS. 


cDucrtrsf  imtlj 

MILTON'S  "MERE  A.  S.  AND  RUTHERFORD" 
(3rd  S.  v.  118.)— In  your  editorial  reply  to  the 
above  query,  you  affirm  that  "  A.  S."  denotes 
Dr.  Adam  Steuart ;  but  I  believe  that  this  is  a 
mistake,  and  that  the  right  name  is  indicated  by 
Dr.  Irving  in  his  Lives  of  Scotish  Writers,  Edinb. 
1839:  — 

"  Warton  remarks  of  A.  S.  that «  his  name  was  never 
known.'  But  we  learn  from  Corbet's  vituperative  Epistle 
that  his  name  was  Alexander  Semple.  (Epistle  Con- 
gratulatory of  Lysimachus  Nicanor,  p.  69,  edit.  Oxford, 
1684,  4to.)  Among  other  works,  he  published  a  Ballad 
called  The  Bishop's  Bridles. "—Vol.  ii.  p.  123. 

ElRIONNACH. 

[The  Rev.  H.  J.  Todd  (Poetical  Works  of  John  Milton, 
vii.  94,  edit.  1809),  after  quoting  Warton's  note,  remarks 
that  "  The  name  of  A.  S.  was  well  known,  and  a  doughty 
champion  he  appears  to  have  been  in  the  polemics  of 
that  time :  witness  his  effusions,  entitled  «  Zerubbabel  to 
Sanballat  and  Tobiah  :  or,  The  first  part  of  the  Duply  to 
M.  S.  alias  Two  Brethren,  by  Adam  Steuart,  &c.  Imprim. 
Mar.  17,  1644.'  4to.  Again,  '  The  second  part  of  the 
Duply  to  M.  S.  alias  Two  Brethren.  With  a  brief  Epi- 
tome and  Refutation  of  all  the  whole  Independent  Go- 
vernment :  Most  humbly  submitted  to  the  King's  most 
excellent  Majestic,  to  the  most  Honorable  Houses  of 
Parliament,  the  most  Reverend  and  Learned  Divines  of 
the  Assembly,  and  all  the  Protestant  Churches  in  the 
Island  and  abroad,  by  Adam  Steuart.  Imprim.  Oct.  3, 
1644,  4to.'  In  this  second  part  the  observations  of  the 


Two  Brethren  are  stated,  and  the  replies  all  commence 
with  A.  S.  prefixed.  Possibly  Milton  ridicules  this  mi- 
nuteness, in  here  writing  only  '  mere  A.  S.'  However, 
the  Tracts  above  stated  contain  in  their  title-pages  the 
name  at  large.  See  also, '  An  Answer  to  a  Libell  intitled 
A  Coole  Conference  betweene  the  cleered  Reformation 
'and  the  Apologeticall  Narration,  brought  together  by  a 
Well-Wilier  to  both,  &c.  By  Adam  Steuart,  Lond. 
1644.'  4to.  I  have  found  him  called,  in  other  tracts  of 
the  time,  Doctor  A.  Steuart,  a  Divine  of  the  Church  of 
Scotland."] 

SIR  RICHARD  FORD.  —  In  Strype's  edition  of 
Stow's  Survey,  vol.  ii.  p.  148  (edit.  1720),  I  find 
an  engraving  of  the  arms  of  Sir  Richard  Ford, 
Mercer,  Mayor  of  London.  What  are  the  tinc- 
tures of  this  coat,  and  what  crest  and  motto  did 
Sir  Richard  bear  ?  I  should  also  be  glad  of  any 
further  information  respecting  the  mayor  or  his 
family.  CARILFORD. 

Cape  Town. 

[Sir  Richard  Ford  (of  the  Fords  of  Hadleigh  in  Suf- 
folk) was  knighted  by  Charles  II.  at  the  Hague  in  May, 
1660;  Sheriff  of  London,  1663;  Lord  Mayor,  1671,  and 
M.P.  for  Southampton  in  the  first  session  of  the  third 
parliament  of  Charles  II.  A.D.  1678.  Sir  Richard  Ford's 
town  residence  was  in  Hart  Street,  Crutched  Friars,  where 
he  had  our  amusing  Diarist,  Samuel  Pepys,  for  a  neigh- 
bour and  an  acquaintance.  "  I  do  find,"  says  Pepys, 
"  Sir  Richard  Ford  a  very  able  man  of  his  brains  and 
tongue,  and  a  scholar."  When  Pepys  started  a  carriage 
of  his  own,  he  tells  us  that  "  This  evening  (Nov.  25, 
1668),  to  my  great  content,  I  got  Sir  Richard  Ford  to 
give  me  leave  to  set  my  coach  in  his  yard."  Again,  two 
days  after,  he  says,  "  All  the  morning  at  the  [Navy] 
Office,  where,  while  I  was  sitting,  one  comes  and  tells  me 
that  my  coach  is  come.  So  I  was  forced  to  go  out,  and 
to  Sir  Richard  Ford's,  where  I  spoke  to  him,  and  he  is 
very  willing  to  have  it  brought  in,  and  stand  there ;  and 
so  I  ordered  it,  to  my  great  content,  it  being  mighty 
pretty,  only  the  horses  do  not  please  me,  and  therefore 
resolve  to  have  better." 

Sir  Richard  Ford's  country  residence  was  at  Baudi- 
wins  [Baldwins],  a  manor  situated  at  the  south-west 
corner  of  Dartford  Heath,  in  Kent.  He  died  on  August  31, 
1678,  and  was  buried  in  Bexley  Church,  in  Kent,  where 
there  is  a  long  Latin  inscription  on  his  gravestone,  and 
printed  in  Le  Neve's  Monumenta  Anglicana,  Part  II. 
p.  187.  His  arms,  as  given  in  Burke's  Armory,  are,  Gu. 
two  bends  vair^,  on  a  canton  or,  an  anchor  sa.  Crest,  out 
of  the  naval  coronet ...  a  bear's  head,  sa.  muzzled  gu.] 

AN  EPITAPH.— I  lately  found  the  accompany- 
ing lines  amongst  some  old  MS.  papers.  Can 
anyone  inform  me  to  whom  the  epitaph  applies, 
and  by  whom  it  was  written  ?  — 

"  Here  lies,  unpitied  both  by  Church  and  State, 
The  subject  of  their  Flattery  and  Hate. 
Flatter'd  by  those  on  whom  her  Favours  flow'd, 
Hated  for  Favours  copiously  [impiously?]  bestow'd; 


3**  S.  V.  MAR.  19,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


243 


Who  aimed  the  Church  by  Churchmen  to  betray, 

And  hoped  to  share  in  Arbitrary  Sway : 

In  Tindal's  and  in  Hoadley's  Paths  she  trod, 

An  Hypocrite  in  all — but  Disbelief  in  God. 

Promoted  Luxury,  encouraged  Vice, 

Herself  a  Slave  to  sordid  Avarice. 

True  Friendship,  tender  Love,  ne'er  touch'd  her  Heart ; 

Falsehood  appeared,  in  vain  disguised  by  Art ; 

Fawning  and  Haughty — when  Familiar,  Rude, 

And  never  Gracious  seem'd,  but  to  delude ; 

Inquisitive  in  trifling  mean  affairs, 

Heedless  of  Public  Good  or  Orphans'  Tears ; 

To  her  own  Offspring  mercy  she  denied, 

And  unforgiving,  unforgiven  died." 

BISCOPUS. 

[This  lampoon  was  drawn  up  in  Answer  to  an  Epitaph 
on  Queen  Caroline,  Consort  of  George  II.,  commenc- 
ing— 

"  Here  lies,  lamented  by  the  Poor  and  Great, 

Prop  of  the  Church,  and  Glory  of  the  State,"  &c. 
Printed  in  Verses  on  the  Death  of  that  Queen,  fol.  1738. 
The  copy  of  the  Lampoon  in  the  British  Museum  is  so 
cleverly  written  as  scarcely  to  be  distinguished  from 
typography.    The  author  is  unknown  to  us.] 

GUTTERIDGE,  THE  1?OET,  A  NATIVE  OP  SHORE- 
DITCH.  —  Wanted,  particulars  of  him  and  his 
works.  W. 

[Nothing  appears  to  be  known  of  Thomas  Gutteridge, 
who  was  simply  a  doggrel  rhymist  of  Elegies,  which  he 
printed  on  folio  sheets,  much  in  the  style  of  those  by 
Master  James  Catnach,  residing  in  that  Bohemian  locality, 
Monmouth  Court,  Seven  Dials.  Six  of  Gutteridge's  Ele- 
gies are  preserved  in  the  British  Museum.  In  a  postscript 
to  that  on  the  Memory  of  the  Rev.  John  Hubbard,  who 
died  July  13,  1743,  Gutteridge  has  the  following  note 
respecting  himself:  "  The  Author  of  this  teacheth  Short 
Hand  from  schemes  of  his  own,  intirely  new,  and  will 
wait  upon  any  person  at  their  own  house."  In  1750,  he 
was  residing  at  No.  47,  New  Inn  Yard,  Shoreditch.  The 
last  Elegy  we  have  met  with  was  on  the  Rev.  Thomas 
Hall,  who  died  June  3, 1762.] 

"  CHOUGH  AND  CROW."  —  Who  wrote  this  well- 
known  poem,  best  known "  through  Bishop's  ad- 
mirable glee?  A.  AINGEB. 

[This  beautiful  poem  is  by  Joanna  Baillie,  and  ought  to 
have  appeared  in  the  collected  edition  of  her  Dramatic 
and  Poetical  Works,  8vo,  1851.  It  is  entitled  "  The  Gip- 
sey  Glee  and  Chorus,"  and  is  printed  in  Daniel  Terry's 
Musical  Play  of  Guy  Mannering ;  or,  the  Gipsy's  Pro- 
phecy, 8vo,  1816,  p.  42.  Mr.  Terry  adds  in  a  note,  "  To 
Mrs.  Joanna  Baillie's  friendly  permission,  I  feel  proud  in 
acknowledging  myself  indebted  for  the  use  of  this  beau- 
tiful poem ;  accompanied  by  the  music  of  Bishop,  the 
effect  it  produces  is  most  powerful  and  characteristic."] 

CHAMPAK  ODOURS.  —  What  is  the  meaning  of 
the  word  "Champak"  as  used  in  the  following 
lines  by  Percy  B.  Shelley  :  — 

"  The  wand'ring  airs  they  faint  on 

The  dark  the  silent  stream, 
The  Champak  odours  fail 
Like  sweet  thoughts  in  a  dream. 


The  nightingle's  complaint  it  dies  upon  her  heart, 
As  I  must  on  thine,  beloved  as  thou  art." 

c.  s. 

[The  following  notice  of  the  charming  and  celebrated 
plant  Champac  occurs  in  Sir  William  Jones's  "  Botanical 
Observations  on  Select  Indian  Plants,"  Works,  vol.  v.  p. 
129,  edit.  1807:  — "The  strong  aromatick  scent  of  the 
gold-coloured  Champac  is  thought  offensive  to  the  bees, 
who  are  never  seen  on  its  blossoms;  but  their  elegant 
appearance  on  the  black  hair  of  the  Indian  women  is  men- 
tioned byRumphius;  and  both  facts  have  supplied  the 
Sanscrit  poets  with  elegant  allusions."] 

BISHOP  PRIDEAUX' s  PORTRAIT.  —  I  recently 
met  with  a  portrait  of  John  Prideaux,  Bishorj  of 
Worcester,  and  underneath  the  portrait  a  view 
of  the  rectory  of  Bredon,  where  he  died.  I  wish 
to  know  from  what  work  this  folio  plate  is  ex- 
tracted, and  where  the  original  oil-painting  of 
the  bishop  is  now  to  be  seen  ?  Is  it  at  Exeter 
College,  Oxford  ?  G.  P. 

[The  folio  plate  of  Bishop  Prideaux  and  the  Rectory- 
house  at  Bredon  is  taken  from  Nash's  History  of  Worces- 
tershire, I  132,  edit.  1782.  Parker's  Handbook  for  Visitors 
to  Oxford,  ed.  1858,  p.  182,  notices  a  portrait  of  Dr.  Pri- 
deaux (most  probably  the  Bishop),  at  present  in  Exeter 
Hall,  Oxford.] 

"  YOUNG  LOVELL'S  BRIDE." — Is  the  incident  of 
the  death  of  "  young  Lovell's  bride,"  related  in 
the  ballad,  "  The  Mistletoe  Bough,"  founded  on 
fact  ?  And  if  so,  where  is  the  fact  stated  ?  H. 

[Mr.  Rogers  in  his  Italy,  ed.  1840,  p.  110,  has  a  story 
headed  "  Ginevra,"  and  which  he  lays  the  scene  of  at 
Modena.  In  a  note  he  says,  "  I  believe  this  story  to  be 
founded  on  fact,  though  I  cannot  tell  when  and  where  it 
happened ;"  and  adds, "  many  old  houses  in  this  country  lay 
claim  to  it."  Two  versions  of  the  dramatic  narrative  of 
"  Ginevra,  the  Lady  buried  alive,"  are  given  by  Collet  in 
his  Relics  of  Literature,  p.  186.  Vide  "^N.  &  Q."  !•»  S. 
v.  129,  209,  333.] 


JUpKfrf* 

PARISH  REGISTERS. 
(3rd  S.  v.  78,  et  passim.) 

The  registers  of  the  parish  of  Wilby,  Northamp- 
tonshire, deserve  to  be  noticed  as  presenting  a 
happy  exception  to  that  injury  and  destruction 
which  similar  records  have  too  often  experienced 
through  the  neglect  of  their  legally  constituted 
guardians,  assisted  by  the  ravages  of  the  general 
enemy  Time  and  damp.  But  these  happened  most 
fortunately,  it  appears,  to  fall  under  the  care  of 
one  whose  well-known  appreciation  of  ancient  do- 
cuments secured  for  them  the  privilege  of  a  longer 
existence.  We  may  not,  it  is  true,  expect  to  find 
many  country  clergymen  with  the  same  literary 


244 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3*i  S.  V.  MAR.  19,  '64. 


and  antiquarian  tastes  as  Thomas  Percy,  the  rec- 
tor of  this  small  country  village ;  but  we  may,  at 
all  events,  hold  up  bis  example  as  worthy  of  their 
imitation.  It  does  honour  to  the  memory  of  the 
author  of  Reliques  of  English  Poetry  to  find  him 
thus  usefully  employed  in  preserving  the  humble 
annals  of  his  parish  for  the  benefit  of  those  that 
should  come  after  him. 

The  title-page  to  the  registers  bears  the  follow- 
ing inscription  in  his  own  hand  :  — 

"  These  old  Registers  were  rescued  from  Destruction, 
and  for  their  further  Preservation  gathered  into  this 
volume  in  1767. 

"  THOMAS  PERCY,  Rector." 

"Thomas  Percy,  A.M.  (Vicar  of  Easton  Maudit),  In- 
stituted Aug.  14,  1756.  Appointed  Chaplain  in  Ordinary 
to  K.  Ge°  3d  in  1769,  and  Dean  of  Carlisle  in  1778  [and 
Bishop  of  Dromore  in  Ireland  in  1782.*] 

"  At  the  end  of  this  Volume  is  a  Fragment  of  an  an- 
cient Book  of  Rates,  which  was  thought  to  be  a  curiosity 
that  deserved  to  be  preserved. 

"  Memorandum. 

"Feb*  25th,  1767.  This  day  I  transcribed  into  the  three 
following  Leaves  of  Parchment  all  the  Articles  of  Births, 
Baptisms,  and  Burials  during  the  years  1756,  1757,  1758, 
1759,  1760,  1761,  1762,  1763,  1764,  1765,  1766,  which  I 
found  entered  in  a  Paper  Register  of  the  Baptisms  and 
Burials  of  this  Parish  of  Wilbye,  viz.  all  that  have  hap- 
pened since  I  have  been  Rector  of  this  Parish ;  and  after 
a  very  exact  Collation  of  this  Copy  with  the  said  Origi- 
nals, I  hereby  declare  it  to  be  very  correct  and  perfect. 
"  THOMAS  PERCY,  Rector  of  Wilbye." 

The  "fragment "  of  the  "ancient  book  of  rates" 
contains  many  curious  and  interesting  entries  in 
reference  to  the  period  when  the  court  of  Charles 
I.  took  up  its  abode  at  Wellingborough,  in  order 
that  the  queen  might  drink  the  chalybeate  water 
of  the  "  red  well."  And  it  appears  from  them 
that  the  adjoining  parish  of  Wilby  was  laid 
under  contribution  for  the  supplies  of  her  ma- 
jesty's household.  Specimens  of  the  entries  as 
follows  :  — 

"A  Levy  made  the  16th  of  July,  1627,  for  her  Maiesties 
household,  at  xijd  a  yard  land.f 

Sum  tot1,  xxxiij*  xid. 

"  1627.  Layings  out  for  her  Maiesties  house.% 
Sc.  Payd  for  carrying  six  chicken  and  a 

capon  to  Wellingborougge    -        -  iiijd 

I*.  Payd  for  earring  four  strikes  of  wheat 

to  y«  Courte          ....  vjd 

I*.  Payd  for  six  chickens  and  a  capon    -  iiij« 

I*.  Payd  to  Thomas  Hericke  for  driving 

a  load  of  charcole  to  the  Courte    -  xiid 

I*.  Payd  for  twenty  pound  of  butter        -        vi«  viiid 
I*.  Payd  for  the  caridje  of  the  same         -  iiijd 


*  This  is  written  by  another  hand,  evidently  that  of 
his  successor  in  the  living,  the  Rev.  Palmer  Whaliey, 
1782. 

t  Note  by  T  Percy :  "  This  seems  to  have  been  when 
Qu.  Henrietta  Maria,  wife  of  K*  Charles  I.  came  down  to 
Wellmgboro  to  drink  the  famous  mineral  water  in  VVel- 
lirigboro'  Field." 

t  Note  be  T.  Percy :  "  Sc.  when  she  was  down  at  Wel- 
hngboro'  to  drink  the  waters." 


I*.  Payd  to  the  ringer  when  her  Maiestie 
went  thorough  the  toune  to  North- 
ton  ------  yjd 

I*.  Payd  to  six    women  for  gathering© 

rushes(?)     -----  xijd 

I'.  Payd  for  tow  quarter  of  oates     -         -  xxi"  iiijd 

I4  Payd  for  a  load  of  wood  for  the  Courte  viijd 
To  the  men  to  load  the  wood,  andgoinge 

to  Wellingborrough  wth  it    -        -  viijd 

Sum  tat1        -        -     xliij"  iiii* " 

"  A  Levy  made  the  xxxth  Day  of  July  of  twelve  pence 
a  yard  land  for 'provision  for  the  Queen  at  Wellingbor- 
row,  and  for  the  Gaole  and  Marshalsea  House  of  Correc- 
tion.* 

"  A  Levy  made  the  5  Day  of  fiebruary  of  6d  a  yard 
land  for  the  carriage  of  a  lode  of  Coales  for  herMatf.  Salt- 
peeter  man  from  Yaxley  to  Ringstead." 

Enough  has  been  here  cited  to  show  that  this 
"  fragment "  is  highly  illustrative  of  a  page  of 
history  extending  beyond  the  limits  of  the  parish 
boundaries,  and  the  general  as  well  as  the  local 
annalist  will  be  grateful  to  the  worthy  rector  for 
the  care  bestowed  on  its  preservation. 

w.  w.  s. 


GREEK  AND  ROMAN  GAMES  (3**  S.  iii.  490 ;  iv.  19, 
65);  GREEK  PROVERBS  (iv.  286;  v.  104.) 

In  compliance  with  your  correspondent,  UUYTE'S 
request,  I  here  supply  the  extracts  required  to 
illustrate  the  subject  of  his  communications. 

In  order  that  they  may  occupy  little  room,  I 
have-  only  occasionally  given  the  Greek  original : 

1.  Meursius,  De  Ludis  Gracorum.  (Opp.  iii.  1009.) 
"Quintanus  contax  prius  cum  fibula  ludebatur,  postea  ilia 
interdicta,  Justinianus  Imperator  in  L.  Victum,  1  Cod. 
de  Aleatoribus.  Dumtaxat  autem  ludere  liceat  Monobo- 
lon,  Contomonobolon,  Quintanum  contaca  sine  fibula. 
Iterum  in  L.  Alearum  3  ibid.  Deinceps  vero  ordinat 
quinque  ludos,  monobolon,  contomonobolon,  Quintanum 
contaca  sine  fibula,  perichyten  et  hippicen.  Erat  autem 
jaculatio,  fiebatque  sine  cuspide  ulla,  aut  ferro;  et  a 
Quincto  auctore  nomen  iabebaL  Balsamon  ad  Photii 
Nomocan.  tit.  xiii.  [cap.  29.]  TJuiutanus  contax  prater 
fibulam,  jaculatio  (est)  sine  fibula,  seu  ferro ;  ab  Quinto 
quodam  ita  nominatus.  Meminit  hujus  ludi  etiam  Ro- 
bertus  Monachus,  Histor.  lerosol.  lib.  v.  [in  Bongarsio, 
p.  51.]  Tentoria  variis  ornamentorum  generibus  venus- 
tantur;  terras  infixis  sudibus  scuta  adponuntur,  quibus 
in  crastinum  Quintanae  ludus  scilicet  equestris  exerceretur. 
Ubi  amplius  observa,  in  equis  lusitari  solitum,  adpensis 
ad  sudes,  in  terram  impactas,  scutis."f 

"  Contomonobolon.  Meminit  Imperator  in  citatis  statim 
verbis.  Erat  vero  saltatio  ut  e  Balsamone  accipimus  loco 
quern  jam  nunc  lauclavi.  Contomonobolon,  saltatio."  — 
Ibid. 

As  an  illustration  of  the  passage  in  Pollux 
(Onomasticon,  lib.  ix.  7),  describing  the  pastime 


*  Note  by  T.  Percy:  "When  Qu.  Henrietta  Maria, 
wife  of  K.  Charles  I.  was  down  at  Wellingboro'  to  drink 
the  waters." 

t  "  Etiam  apud  nos  Quintanae  ludus  baud  absimilis 
hodie  habetur." 


3"»  S.  V.  MAR.  19,  »64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


245 


called  "  Hippas,"  I  subjoin  another  extract  from 
Meursius,  ibid.  s.  v.  ajKOTv\T] :  — 

"  Et  lusus  aliquis  luditur,  dictus  in  vola  (eV  Korv\r))  ; 
procedit  autera  sic:  Circumducens  quidam  retro  manus 
connectit  digitos,  alius  autem  quis  in  concavis  manuum 
qu»  sunt  volae,  genibus  irnpositis,  et  ita  attollens  se, 
portatur  tirmiter,  obstruens  oculos*  portantis,"  &c. 

The  words,  'Ev  Kart\ri  <J>ep«,  describing  this  ve- 
hicular or  equestrian  sport,  came  to  be  used  as  a 
proverbial  saying. 

"Ludi  hoc  genus  puerile  KOTV\I)S  copiose  explicat 
Julius  Pollux,  lib.  ix.  [122];  Athenseus,  libro  xi.  [p. 
479  A]  ;  Eustathius  in  Homerum  [//.  c.  p.  550.]  Dictum 
videtur  de  iis  qui  aliena  pascuntur  liberalitate :  quale 
illud,  Equua  me  portat,  alit  Rex.  Schottus  ad  Proverbia 
Zenobii,  lib.  iii.  60.  Gaisford,  Oxonii,  1836. 

"  ii.  Du  Cange  Du  Fresne,  Glossarium  Media  et  Infimce 
Latinitatis.  Quiutana,  Quintena,  Decursio  equestris  lu- 
dicra,  &c.  Vide  Froissartum,  4vol.  cap.  63,  p.  187,  et 
quse  de  hoc  ludicro  congessimus  in  Dissert.  7,  ad  Join- 
villum." 

"  The  last  of  all  these  military  exercises  which  I  men- 
tioned is  that  of  '  the  Quintain,'  which  is  a  half  figure  of 
a  man  placed  on  a  post,  and  turning  on  a  pivot,  so  that 
if  the  assailant  does  not  with  his  lance  hit  him  right  on 
the  middle  of  the  breast,  but  on  the  extremities,  he  makes 
the  figure  turn  round,  which  having  a  staff  or  sword  in 
his  right  hand,  and  a  buckler  on  the  other,  strikes  the 
person  who  shall  have  given  him  an  ill-aimed  blow. 
This  exercise  seems  to  have  been  invented  to  teach  those 
who  used  the  lance  to  point  it  well ;  for  in  tilts  they  were 
bound  to  give  their  thrusts  between  the  four  members, 
or  they  were  blamed  for  their  awkwardness." — Memoirs 
of  John  Lord  de  Joinville.  To  which  are  added  the  Notes 
and  Dissertations  of  M.  Du  Cange,  on  the  above,  &c. 
Translated  by  Thomas  Johnes,  Esq.  Vol.  ii.  pp.  103,  4. 

BlBLIOTHECAB.  CfiETHAM. 


THE  NEWTON  STONE. 
(3rd  S.v.l  10.) 

If  DE.  MOORE  is  right,  the  man  who  carved 
the  Newton  stone  must  have  been  one  of  no  or- 
dinary attainments.  He  was  familiar  with  the 
alphabets  called  Phoenician,  Bactrian,  and  Lat, 
and  he  was  acquainted  with  the  Hebrew  and 
Chaldee  languages.  It  is  not  too  much  to  say, 
that  Dr.  M.  considers  jive  languages  to  be  repre- 
sented upon  this  stone  by  this  one  inscription  ; 
if  we  include  the  Ogham  line,  there  are  six.  Now 
it  is  not  easy  to  conceive  the  motive  for  employing 
five  languages  in  recording  the  vapid  memorial  of 
forty-two  letters,  as  Dr.  Si.  explains  it ;  and  in 
truth  I  believe  that  explanation  utterly  unfounded. 
To  arrive  at  it,  we  have  to  suppose  other  mar- 
vellous suppositions.  I  mention  one  or  two  of 
them :  that  the  42  letters  on  the  stone  can  be- 
come 48  when  "  transliterated  "  upon  paper ;  that 
these  letters  not  only  change  their  number,  but 
their  order  on  the  stone  (Wilson's  Prehistoric 


*  Does  this  feature  in  the  game  account  for  the  sub- 
stitution of  the  word  OTTTJK^  for  iinriKr},  in  the  Textus  of 
Balsamon  ? 


Annals  of  Scotland,  ii.  214);  the  letters  upon 
the  stone  run  from  left  to  right,  but  Dr.  MOORE 
has  been  compelled  to  make  them  read  from  right 
to  left,  to  suit  his  theory,  which  requires  us  to 
believe  that  the  author  of  this  inscription  wrote 
Hebrew  in  a  style  and  idiom  unknown  to  the 
literature  of  the  language.  I  defy  any  scholar  to 
show  that  the  translation  of  Dr.  M.  can  be  ex- 
torted out  of  his  Hebrew,  or  that  the  Hebrew  letters 
you  have  printed  accurately  represent  either  their 
supposed  English  equivalents,  or  what  is  offered 
as  a  translation.  33J3  is  not  Hebrew  at  all ;  cer- 
tainly no  such  noun  occurs  in  the  Lexicons,  and 
if  it  did,  it  would  not  be  represented  by  begababa, 
but  by  begabeb,  or  begabab.  The  Doctor's  word 
is  found  in  Chaldee,  where  it  means  1,  stubble ; 
2,  a  fleece  of  wool.  Another  word  with  similar 
consonants  has  the  meaning  of  "  a  hill."  For  the 
real  Hebrew  word  Ii  in  the  sense  of"  vault,"  see 
the  lexicons.  Tl^lD*!  (domiti,  as  the  word  is  given 
"  in  English  letters  ")  can  only  be  derived  from 
nDT,  and  is  the  1st  person  sing,  preter  kal;  it 
means  either  to  resemble,  or  to  come  to  an  end, 
to  destroy.  The  very  form  occurs  in  Hos.  iv.  5, 
and  Jer.  vi.  2,  where  it  is  translated  "  lay  waste  " 
and  "  destroy "  by  Gesenius,  but  in  our  Bible, 
"  liken  "  and  "  destroy."  In  Ps.  cii.  6,  it  is  "  I  am 
like."  Not  one  example  can  be  found  where  the 
word  means  "  silently  I  rest,"  as  Dr.  M.  translates 
it.  ran,  babeth,  is  rendered  "  in  the  house  ;  but 
in  Hebrew  the  form  ni  means  "  daughter,"  and 
not  "  home,"  or  "  house,"  which  is  never  so 
written.  The  next  word  nit.  or  zuth,  is  a  pure 
invention  of  your  correspondent's,  so  far  as  He- 
brew is  concerned.  What  follows  refuses  to  obey 
even  the  "  open  sesame "  of  the  magician,  and  it 
is  left  as  a  most  eccentric  proper  name, — Ab-ham- 
howha,  of  which  the  suggested  sense  is,  "  father 
of  a  wrong-doing,  or  perverse  people ; "  very  per- 
verse, no  doubt,  if  they  do  not  believe  jny  to  be  a 
Hebrew  word,  or  say  that  they  cannot  find  the 
others  upon  the  Newton  stone ;  but  assuredly  no 
like  Hebrew  compound  exists  as  a  proper  name. 
We  come  to  the  fourth  line :  min  phi  neshe?',  and 
here  I  should  like  to  see  a  genuine  specimen  of  such 
a  combination  as  min-phi.  When  1  learned  Hebrew, 
I  was  taught  that  min,  as  a  preposition,  dropped 
its  n  before  certain  letters,  of  which  pe  was  one. 
This  is  not  all.  Dr.  M.  gives  us  new  spelling 
as  well  as  new  grammar  and  lexicon,  and  writes 
the  word  pD  for  J1D,  or  rather  TD.  And  what  of 
phi  ?  Fie  \  It  should  be  written  /ri,  and  only 
means  "doctrine"  in  the  vocabulary  of  your 
amiable  correspondent.  The  next  word,  Nesher 
(eagle)  is  correctly  written  and  translated;  but 
that  it  was  the  name  of  an  eminent  Buddhist 
teacher  is  only  revealed  in  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
The  fifth  line,  chii  caman,  is  translated  "  my  life 
was  as  an  overflowing  vessel !  "  A  beautiful  and 
quite  oriental  image.  Chayai  truly  signifies  "  my 


246 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3*  S.  V.  MAR.  19,  '64. 


life;1'  and  man  is  a  Chaldee  word  for  vessel; 
but  it  would  be  very  hard  to  show  that  it  means 
a  vessel  in  the  sense  put  upon  it  by  the  new 
translator  of  the  Newton  stone.  Both  in  Chaldee 
and  in  Syriac  the  word  has  a  significance  as  ex- 
tensive as  the  Greek  ovccCoy,  or  the  Hebrew  »^, 
and  would  include  the  arms,  armour,  and  baggage 
of  an  army,  the  clothes  they  wear,  or  the  ships 
they  sail  in.  It  would  therefore  include  a  vessel 
or  vasculum,  but  only  as  our  own  word  thing ;  in 
fact  Dr.  M.'s  fifth  Hebrseo-Chaldee  line  is  non- 
sense. His  sixth,  sh'p'hajoati  hodhi,  is  no  better. 
"My  wisdom  was  my  glory,"  is  a  sense  which  lies 
not  in  the  Hebrew  letters,  and  certainly  not  in 
their  fancied  English  equivalents.  In  this  line 
we  get  eleven  Hebrew  characters  for  nine  in  the 
inscription,  as  in  the  preceding  line  we  get  nine 
for  seven.  But  for  my  knowledge  of  DR.  MOORE'S 
character  and  previous  achievements,  I  own  I 
should  have  suspected  a  hoax  in  his  reading,  or  at 
least  an  experiment,  and  especially  in  this  last 
line.  Sh'p'ha  is  taken  as  an  adjective  (participial), 
meaning  **  overflowing ! "  The  word  is  found  but 
once  (Deut.  xxxiii.  19),  and  then  as  a  noun.  The 
next  word,  Joati,  translated  "  my  wisdom,"  occurs 
but  twice  (Ezr.  vii.  14,  15),  is  properly  rendered 
"  counsellors,"  and  is  a  Chaldee  word.  Of  the 
last  word,  I  only  say  that  it  refers  to  personal  or 
external  beauty  or  splendour.  That  your  cor- 
respondent has  lost  a  fine  opportunity  of  showing 
that  he  could  say  "  My  wisdom  was  my  glory," 
is,  I  think,  now  apparent.  I  am  sorry,  and  I  am  as- 
tonished, that  after  the  experience  he  has  had  since 
the  publication  of  The  Lost  Tribes  and  the  Saxons 
of  the  East  and  West,  DR.  MOORE  should  still 
cling  to  a  shadow,  and  endeavour  to  propagate  a 
theory  which  no  scholar  in  the  world  will  adopt. 
I  had  a  strong  reluctance  to  reply  to  the  article 
in  your  pages,  and  now  I  only  touch  upon  a  por- 
tion of  it ;  and  this  I  do  for  the  sake  of  those 
whose  studies  have  not  lain  in  this  direction,  and 
who  are  likely  to  be  led  astray.  The  Newton 
Sphinx  has  not  found  an  (Edipus  in  your  cor- 
respondent, and  he  has  not  proved  that  Hebrew 
Buddhist  missionaries  of  the  tribe  of  Dan  preached 
in  either  Ireland  or  Scotland.  Although  allusion 
is  made  to  another  like  experiment,  upon  a  passage 
given  by  Rev.  E.  Davies,  I  do  not  touch  that 
here;— is  it  not  recorded  in  The  Lost  Tribes 
pp.  172, 173  ?  But  even  of  this,  I  should  like  to  see 
a  copy  in  the  original  form.  I  respect  DR.  MOORE, 
but  when  he  ventures  to  put  forth  such  strange 
speculations  as  those  above  discussed,  my  spirit 
prompts  me  to  reply.  As  I  have  had  direct  cor- 
respondence with  him  upon  the  subject  of  his 
book  (The  Lost  Tribes),  where  he  turns  Sanscrit 
into  Hebrew,  I  shall  append  my  name  to  these 
remarks  upon  what  seems  to  me  a  turning  of  some 
Jltic  mscnptiop  into  what  DR.  MOORE  confesses 
to  be  a  medley  composition  of  five  languages. 

B.  H.  COWPER. 


SIR  ROBERT  VERNON  (3rd  S.  v.  476 ;  v.  200.)  — 
In  the  Warrington  Register  of  Sept.  13,  1643, 
there  occurs  the  burial  of  Sir  Robert  Vernon,  and 
on  April  27,  1667,  the  same  register  records  the 
burial  of  Lady  Mary  Vernon,  widow.  It  seems 
probable  that  these  entries  relate  to  the  Sir  Robert 
Vernon  who,  in  1609,  was  on  the  council  of  the 
Lords  Marchers  at  Ludlow,  and  to  his  wife,  Mary, 
the  daughter  of  Robert  Needham.  Will  your 
correspondent  W.  F.  V.,  who  has  so  obligingly 
noticed  this  query,  say  on  what  grounds  he  states 
Sir  Robert  to  have  died  in  1623  ?  W.  B. 

SORTES  VIRGILIAN^:  (3rd  S.  v.  195.)  —  Besides 
Homer  and  Virgil,  it  was  common  among  the 
ancients  to  practise  divination  by  consulting  the 
works  of  the  Greek  poet  Musaaus.  This  is  men- 
tioned by  Herodotus  (lib.  vii.  in  Polyb.).  When 
this  pagan  practice  was  superseded  by  the  use  of 
the  Sortes  Apostolorum,  and  Sortes  Sanctorum 
among  the  Christians,  these  practices  were  cen- 
sured by  St.  Augustin  in  these  terms  :  — 

"  Hi  qui  de  paginis  Evangelicis  sortes  legunt,  etsi  op- 
tandum  est  ut  hoc  potius  faciant  quam  ut  ad  dtcmonia 
consulenda  concurrant,  tamen  etiam  ista  mihi  displicet 
consuetudo,  ad  negotia  saecularia  et  ad  vitas  hujus  vani- 
tatem  propter  aliam  vitam  loquentia  oracula  divina  velle 
convertere." — Ep.  119,  ad  Januar.  c.  20.) 

F.  C.  H. 

SIMON  AND  THE  DAUPHIN  (3rd  S.  v.  194.)— 
Though  unable  to  answer  all  the  inquiries  of 
HISTORICUS  respecting  Simon  the  shoemaker, 
whose  infamous  charge  was  to  corrupt  the  morals 
and  ^debilitate  the  body  of  the  unfortunate  child, 
Louis  XVII.,  I  can  give  the  following  inform- 
ation : — Simon's  Christian  name  was  Anthony  ;  he 
was  involved  in  the  fall  of  Robespierre,  and  was 
guillotined  the  day  after  him,  which  was  July  29, 
1794.  He  was  fifty-eight  years  of  age,  and  was  a 
native  of  Troyes.  F.  C.  H. 

POSTERITY  or  HAROLD,  KING  OF  ENGLAND  (3rd 
S.  v.  135.) — There  is,  I  believe,  no  doubt  that 
Harold  lei't  issue,  though  the  exact  names  and 
number  of  his  children  have  been  disputed.  His 
first  wife  was  Gyda,  whose  children  were  —  1. 
Goodwin ;  2.  Edmund ;  3.  Magnus ;  4.  Gyda. 

His  second  wife,  Edith,  Algitha,  or  Agatha,, 
daughter  of  Leofric  and  Godiva,  appears  to  be 
identical  with  the  Edith  so  generally  called  his 
mistress.  Her  children  were  Wolfe  and  Gunilda, 
married  to  the  Emperor  Henry  III. 

Another  daughter,  named  by  some,  is  apparently 
identical  with  Gyda ;  and  Harold,  also  spoken  of 
as  a  son  of  this  monarch,  seems  a  rather  doubtful 
personage ;  perhaps  an  illegitimate  son. 

The  above  is  the  conclusion  to  which  I  have 
arrived  as  respects  the  children  of  Harold  II.,  but 
many  of  them  appear  to  be  considered  doubtful 
by  genealogists.  The  first  three  enumerated 
seem  to  be  the  least  questioned.  HERMENTRUDE, 


3r«J  s.  V.  MAR.  19,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


247 


PAUL  BOWES  (1st  S.  vii.  547.)  —  The  editor  of 
Sir  Siraonds  D'Ewes's  Journals  was  a  son  of  Sir 
Thomas  Bowes,  by  Mary,  daughter  of  Paul 
D'Ewes,  Esq.,  and  sister  of  Sir  Simonds  D'Ewes. 

He  was  born  at  Great  Bromley,  Essex ;  and 
after  being  educated  in  the  school  at  Moulton, 
Norfolk,  was  admitted  a  pensioner  of  St.  John's 
College,  Cambridge,  Dec.  21,  1650.  He  took  no 
degree :  indeed,  he  does  not  appear  to  have  been 
matriculated. 

He  occurs,  in  1700,  as  owner  of  the  manors  of 
Rushton,  Stockford,  and  Binnegar,  in  East  Stoke, 
Dorset.  We  hope  this  information  may  elicit 
more.  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

HARVEY  FAMILY  (3rd  S.  v.  42.)  —  I,  like  MR. 
SAGE,  am  interested  in  collecting  notes  about  this 
family,  and  find  his  notes  very  useful.  If  he  has 
not  already  the  information,  I  beg  to  supply  the 
following  addenda. 

Sir  James  Harvey,  Alderman,  Sheriff  1573,  and 
Lord  Mayor  1581,  was  a  "Citizen  and  Iron- 
monger "  of  London ;  and,  to  judge  from  Sir  Har- 
ris N  icolas's  Memoirs  of  Sir  Christopher  Hatton, 
had  little  reverence  for  clergy  or  the  bishops  of 
that  day,  which  drew  from  Aylmer,  the  Bishop 
of  London,  a  scolding  letter,  dated  March  1, 
1581-2  —  a  very  model  of  a  letter  of  sneers  and 
sarcasms.  In  some  notes  on  funerals,  supplied  by 
John  Nicholl,  Esq.,  F.S.A.  (the  respected  Master 
of  the  Company  in  1859),  to  Mr.  Nichols  as  edi- 
tor of  the  Diary  of  John  Machyn  (Camden  Soc., 
No.  42),  appears  an  extract  from  the  Ironmon- 
gers' books,  stating  that  Alderman  Harvey's  wife 
was  buried  on  Monday,  June  27,  1580 ;  and  that 
John  Masters  and  Harry  Page  were  appointed 
stewards,  to  see  to  the  management  for  the  livery 
funeral  feast  at  the  Hall.  Alderman  Harvey, 
who  died  in  1583,  was  a  "benefactor"  to  his 
Company  in  the  year  1573,  and  by  bequests,  which 
came  to  the  guild  by  their  books,  1590. 

His  son,  Sir  Sebastian  Harvey,  Alderman, 
Sheriff  1609,  and  Lord  Mayor  1618,  was  also  of 
the  same  Company  ;  and  it  is  worthy  of  note  that, 
on  November  12  that  year,  "  Izaac  Walton,  late 
apprentice  to  Thomas  Grinsell,"  was  "admitted 
and  sworne  a  free  brother"  of  the  same  guild; 
"paying  for  admission  13d.,  and  lOd.  for  enroll- 
ment." Alderman  Harvey's  funeral  feast  is  thus 
described :  — 

"  1620.  A  Court  the  12th  March,  whereas,  the  lady 
Harvey  hath  paid  to  the  Wardens  xxiu  for  a  dynner 
for  the  Company e,  the  21  of  this  moneth,  being  the 
funerall  day  of  Sir  Sebastian  Harvey  deceased.  It  ia 
ordered,  that  Mr.  Thomas  Large  and  Mr.  John  Wilson 
shall  join  with  the  Wardens  for  the  provision  of  that 
dinner,  to  husband  the  same  to  the  Company's  best 
profit." 

T.  C.  N. 

OWEN  GLYNDWR'S  PARLIAMENT  HOUSE  (3rd  S. 
v.  174.) — An  engraving  of  this  old  building,  as  it 


appeared  in  the  year  1836,  maybe  seen  in  the 
Gwladgarwr  (a  Welsh  magazine)  for  February  of 
the  same  year.  It  is  there  described  as  being,  at 
that  time,  in  the  possession  of  Col.  Edwards,  the 
then  M.P.  for  the  Montgomeryshire  boroughs. 

X.  Y.  Z. 

There  is  a  small  engraving  of  the  above  in 
the  Youth's  Instructor  and  Guardian  for  August, 
1845,  accompanied  by  three  or  four  page's  of 
letterpress  respecting  it  and  Owain  Glyndwr. 

G.  J.  COOPER. 

Woodhouse,  Leeds. 

QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (3rd  S.  v.  62,  83,  105.)  — 
I  have  lately  seen  another  form  of  the  verse  en- 
quired for.  It  occurs  in  the  parish  register  of 
Easton-Maudit,  Northamptonshire ;  and  is  thence 
copied  into  the  Mirror,  vol.  xxvi.  p.  338  :  — 

"  Si  Christum  discis,  nihil  est  si  cetera  nescis ; 
Si  Christum  nescis,  nihil  est  si  cajtera  discis." 

F.  C.  H. 

GREAT  BATTLE  or  CATS  (3rd  S.  v.  133.)— The 
Catus  domesticus  has  not  ceased,  I  see,  to  be  a 
myth  and  a  mystery.  Successively  an  idol,  an 
imp,  and  an  inmate,  Tybalt  or  Maudlin,  Tom  or 
Tabby,  the  hie  et  hcec  puss  has  finally  achieved  a 
niche  in  "N.  &  Q." 

Ireland  is  the  especial  field  of  feline  celebrity. 
Well  for  her  that  the  witch-finding  "reign  of 
terror "  has  passed  away :  when  any  one  of  the 
numberless  cat-stories  which  I  have  heard  right 
seriously  narrated  would  have  brought  its  nar- 
rator to  the  stake !  Among  them,  not  one  has  re- 
tained a  longer  or  a  stronger  hold  on  my  memory 
than  has  MR.  REDMOND'S  Bellum  Catilinarium. 
In  my  ears  it  is  more  than  septuagenarial,  first 
and  frequently  heard  when  I  was  quite  old  enough 
to  estimate  (I  detest  the  verb  "  appreciate  ")  its 
actual  worth  ;  not  from  the  unread  cottiers  only, 
but  in  my  own  circle  of  society,  with  some  of 
whom  it  was  not  altogether  so  apocryphal  as  the 
caudal  relics  of  the  Kilkenny  combatants.  In  the 
nineteenth  century,  were  it  not  for  the  pleasure 
of  MR.  REDMOND'S  reminiscences,  I  might  be 
tempted  to  exclaim—  Quousque  tandem,  Catilina? 

E.  L.  S. 

"  ROSARY  (3rd  S.  v.  154.)  — Though  the  institu- 
tion of  the  devotion  of  the  Rosary  has  been  attri- 
buted to  various  persons  who  lived  before  St. 
Dominic,  such  as  the  Abbot  Paul,  contemporary 
with  St.  Anthony,  St.  Benedict,  Venerable  Bedt 
(if  this  is  not  a  mere  play  upon  a  word),  and 
Peter  the  Hermit,  it  is  well' established  that  St. 
Dominic  was  the  real  founder  of  the  Rosary, 
about  the  year  1208.  It  is  certain  that  the  an- 
cient hermits  had  various  methods  of  counting 
their  prayers.  Some  used  small  pebbles,  and 
others  had  studs  in  their  girdles,  upon  which  they 
reckoned  a  certain  number  of  Our  Fathers.  In 


248 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  V.  MAU.  19,  '64. 


the  tombs  of  St.  Gertrude  of  Nivelles,  who  died 
in  667,  and  of  St.  Norbert,  whose  death  occurred 
in  1134,  there  were  found  certain  beads  strung 
together,  which  may  have  been  used  in  a  similar 
manner  to  our  Rosaries  ;  but  the  devotion,  as  we 
have  it  now,  was  undoubtedly  instituted  by  St. 
Dominic.  F.  C.  H. 

"  RETREAT"  (3rd  S.  v.  119,  202.) — It  is  ordered 
in  Her  Majesty's  Regulations  for  the  Army, 
p.  253,  that  "  The  Retreat  is  to  sound  or  beat  at 
sunset ;  after  which  no  trumpet  is  to  sound,  or 
drum  to  beat,  in  the  garrison,  except  at  Watch- 
setting  and  Tattoo,  and  in  case  of  fire  or  other 
alarm." 

The  word  is  only  the  French  retraite,  signi- 
fying the  retirement  of  the  men  from  their  daily 
duties,  or,  perhaps  originally,  to  their  quarters ; 
as  the  Reveille  is  used  for  the  morning  alarm  at 
sunrise.  This  is  the  only  signification  of  the 
word  in  military  parlance,  the  word  retire  being 
always  used  to  express  a  backward  movement. 

J.  D.  M'K. 

AN  EASTERN  KING'S  DEVICE  (3rd  S.  v.  5, 
173.)  —  I  have  met  with  other  instances  of  gar- 
dens in  the  form  of  maps.  The  following  extract, 
from  the  Hull  Advertiser  newspaper,  March  26, 
1796,  describes  a  most  interesting  one :  — 

"  The  garden  of  the  Thuileries,  at  Paris,  once  planted 
with  potatoes,  when  the  wants  of  the  people  required  the 
sacrifice,  offers  now  a  beautiful  and  correct  map  of  France. 
It  comprises  Jemappe,  Savoy,  and  the  other  departments 
which  have  been  conquered  and  united  to  the  Republic. 
This  idea,  which  is  most  carefully  conceived  to  flatter  the 
vanity  of  the  Parisians,  is  as  beautifully  executed.  Each 
path  marks  the  boundary  of  a  department.  Every  moun- 
tain is  represented  by  a  hillock,  every  forest  by  a'thicket, 
and  every  river  has  its  corresponding  streamlet.  Thus, 
every  Parisian  in  his  morning  walk  can  now  review  the 
whole  of  the  Republic,  and  of  her  conquests." 

EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

Bottesford  Manor. 

INCHGAW  (3rd  S.  v.  154.)— This  is  not  Tnch- 
garvie,  as  your  correspondent  conjectures.  He 
will  find  various  references  to  the  name  in  the 
Index  to  Scotch  Retours  (voce  "  Fife"),  from  which 
it  appears  to  be  near  to  Loch  Gelly,  in  that 
county;  and  it  will  be  seen  from  Thomson's 
Map  of  Fife  (1827)  that  Inchgaw  Mill  is  in  the 
parish  of  Abbotshall,  close  on  the  borders  of  that 
of  Kinghorn,  in  the  same  shire.  G. 

EPIGRAM  ATTRIBUTED  TO  POPE  (3rd  S.  v.  156.)— 
I  am  much  obliged  by  your  double-shotted  reply 
to  my  query;  which,  however,  did  not  remove 
my  doubts,  and  my  incredulity  has  since  been 
rewarded  by  the  discovery  of  the  genuine  history 
of  this  witticism.  It  is  to  be  found  at  p.  287  of 
Singer's  edition  of  Spences  Anecdotes,  and  runs 
thus  :  — 

"  There  was  a  Club,  held  at  the  « King's  Head '  in  Pall 
Mall,  that  arrogantly  called  itself  « The  World.'  Lord 


Stanhope  (now  Lord  Chesterfield),  Lord  Herbert,  &c.,  &c., 
were  members.    Epigrams  were  proposed  to  be  written 
on  the  glasses  by  each  member  after  dinner.    Once,  when 
Dr.  Young  was  invited  thither,  the  Doctor  would  have 
declined  writing,  because  he  had  no  diamond.      Lord 
Stanhope  lent  him  his,  and  he  wrote  immediately : — 
'Accept  a  miracle  instead  of  wit ;  — 
See  two  dull  lines  with  Stanhope's  pencil  writ.'  " 

When  Spence  ascribes  the  epigram  to  another 
than  Pope,  there  can,  I  think,  be  no  doubt  about 
the  matter. 

The  punctuation  should  be  as  above,  not  with 
the  semicolon  after  the  word  "  miracle.1' 

H.  W.  H. 

United  Arts  Club. 

JEREMIAH  HORROCKS,  THE  ASTRONOMER  (3rd  S. 
v.  173.) — Doctor  Olmsted,  in  his  Mechanism  of 
the  Heavens,  states  that  Horrocks  "  died  in  the 
twenty-third  year  of  his  age."  He  was  only 
twenty  when  the  transit  appeared  "  (1639).  He 
must  therefore  have  been  born  in  1619.  The 
register  of  his  birth,  if  it  still  exists,  will  pro- 
bably be  found  at  the  church  of  Walton-on-the- 
Hill,  to  which,  until  the  year  1698,  the  oldest 
church  in  Liverpool  (St.  Nicholas)  was  a  chapel 
of  ease ;  and  Lower  Lodge,  the  house  were 
Horrocks  was  born,  is  situate  in  the  parish  of 
Walton.  H.  FISHWICK. 

TORRINGTON  FAMILY  (3rd  S.  v.  56.) — Chauncy, 
Hist,  of  Herts,  p.  584,  in  describing  the  monu- 
ment of  Richard  Torrington  and  Margaret  his 
wife,  in  the  church  of  Berkhampstead  St.  Peters, 
says :  — 

'  There  is  a  tradition  that  this  T.  was  the  founder  of 
this  church,  a  man  of  especial  favour  with  Edmund 
Plantagenet,  Duke  of  Cornwall,  who  was  son  of  Richard 
Plantagenet,  the  second  son  of  King  John,  Earl  of  Corn- 
wall, and  King  of  the  Romans,  which  Richard,  full  of 
honours  and  years,  ended  his  life  here,  at  his  castle  of 
Berkhampstead,  but  was  buried  at  his  Abbey  of  Hales." 

His  wife  Margaret  was  probably  of  the  family 
of  the  Incents,  who  formerly  resided  at  Berk- 
hampstead, and  are  interred  in  that  part  of  the 
church  called  St.  John's  Chapel.  One  member 
of  this  family,  John  lucent,  Doctor  of  Laws  and 
Dean  of  St.  Paul's,  founded  the  Grammar  School 
in  his  native  town  in  the  15th  year  of  Hen.  VIII. 
The  arms  of  Torrington  (a  St.  George's  Cross), 
with  those  of  Incent  (a  bend  charged  with  three 
roses)  are  engraved  on  the  monument  in  ques- 
tion, and  bear  a  great  similarity  to  those  carved 
in  stone  on  the  corbels  which  sustain  the  upright 
timbers  of  the  ceiling  of  the  nave,  and  this  cir- 

umstance  strengthens   the   tradition  I  have  al- 
luded to,    that  this  Torrington  either   built  the 

hurch,  or  rebuilt  that  particular  portion  of  it. 

H.  C.  F. 

JOHN  BRISTOW  (3rd  S.  v.  97.)— The  answer  to 
your  correspondent  S.  Y.  R.  involves  a  curious 
example  of  the  progress  of  error  by  transmission, 


3*dS.  V.  MAR.  J9,  '64.  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


249 


which,  with  your  permission,  I  will  relate  in  de- 
tail. He  asks  for  information  regarding  John 
Bristow's  supposed  Survey  of  the  Lakes,  and  gives 
an  extract  from  Tymms's  Family  Topographer. 
Tymms,  no  doubt,  has  been  misled  by  the  faulty 
construction  of  a  sentence  at  p.  476,  vol.  i.  of 
Hutchinson's  Cumberland,  where  S.  Y.  R.  will 
find  these  words  :  — 

"  Mr.  Clarke  gave  an  account  of  one  John  Bristow,  a 
patriarchal  character  of  his  village  (Stainton),  who,  at 
the  time  of  publishing  his  Survey  of  the  Lakes,  was  94 
years  of  age,"  &c. 

The  pronoun  his,  in  the  foregoing  sentence, 
has  for  its  antecedent,  Clarke,  not  Bristow ;  and 
Clarke's  Survey  of  the  Lakes  is  not  an  uncommon 
book.  I  have  seen  a  copy  in  the  possession  of 
a  descendant  through  females  of  the  said  John 
Bristow,  who  lives  on  his  ancestor's  property,  "  a 
prosperous  gentleman,"  and  points  with  pride  to 
the  paragraph  respecting  his  nonagenarian  ances- 
tor ;  indeed,  he  adds  that  an  ancient  cat,  which  had 
scalped  many  generations  of  her  natural  enemies, 
and  an  elderly  cock  that  had  grown  grey  in  the 
service  of  this  senile  household,  are  improperly 
omitted  from  the  grand  summary.  J. 

THE  PKATTS,  BARONETS  OF  COLESHILL,  COUNTY 
or  BERKS  (3rd  S.  v.  174.) — From  a  pedigree  I 
possess  of  this  family,  copied  about  the  year 
1818-9,  out  of  a  MS.  Visitation  in  the  British 
Museum,  made  in  1665,  I  find  that  Richard, 
second  son  of  Sir  Henry  Pratt,  the  first  baronet, 
had  an  only  child  Margaret.  Your  querist  must, 
therefore,  be  under  a  mistake  in  claiming  to  be 
descended  from  him.  He  may,  however,  find  a 
clew  to  the  inquiry  as  to  how  the  "  china  jug  " 
descended  to  him,  in  the  fact  recorded  in  the  same 
pedigree  :  that  Elizabeth,  the  sister  of  the  said 
Richard,  married — 1.  Edward  Baker  of  Tew,  in 
Somersetshire ;  2.  Henry  Pratt,  of  Weldon,  in 
Northants ;  3.  Edmund  Beale  of  London ;  and 
4.  Francis  Phillips,  of  the  Middle  Temple,  London, 
Esq.  D.  B. 

SAINTS'  NAMES  WANTED  (3ra  S.  v.  166.)— I 
observe,  in  the  "Notices  to  Correspondents"  at 
this  reference,  that  the  editor  cannot  discover  in 
any  list  of  saints  the  names  of  SS.  Romolo,  Re- 
migio,  and  Bacco.  The  first  is  St.  Romulus,  a 
martyr;  whose  name  appears  in  a  Latin  book, 
with  figures  of  saints  engraved  by  Herman  Weyen, 
and  printed  at  Paris.  The  saint  is  represented 
there  in  a  cope,  and  wearing  a  mitre ;  and  an 
arrow,  broken  in  his  breast,  denotes  the  mode  of 
his  martyrdom.  It  appears  however,  from  Fleury, 
that  he  was  only  a  sub-deacon ;  that  he  lived  at 
Diospolis,  and  was  beheaded  by  Urbinus,  the 
governor  of  Palestine  in  304.  (Hist.  Eccl.  Z, 
ix.  n.  8.) 

The  next  is  St.  Remigius,  or  Remi,  the  well- 
known  French  bishop  who  baptized  King  Clovis, 


and  died  in  533.  His  feast  is  October  1.  Bacco 
is  St.  Bacchus,  who  is  commemorated  with  St. 
Sergius  on  the  7th  of  October.  They  were  mar- 
tyred in  Syria,  under  Maximian.  F.  C.  H. 

FEMALE  FOOLS  (3rd  S.  iv.  453,  523.)— Allow 
me  to  add  the  following  extract  to  my  last  com- 
munication on  this  subject :  — 

"  La  Czarine,  qui  parloit  tres-mal  allemand  et  qui  n'en- 
tendoit  pas  bien  ce  que  Ja  Eeine  lui  disoit,  fit  approcher 
sa  folle,  et  s'entretint  avec  elle  en  Russe.  Cette  pauvre 
creature  dtoit  une  Princesse  Galitzin,  et  avoit  etc  reduite 
&  faire  ce  me'tier-la.  pour  sauver  sa  vie.  Ayant  etc'  melee 
dans  une  conspiration  contre  le  Czar,  on  lui  avoit  donne' 
deux  fois  le  knouti.  Je  ne  sais  ce  qu'elle  disoit  a  la 
Czarine,  mais  cette  Princesse  faisoit  de  grands  eclats  de 
rire."  —  Mfmoires  de  la  Margrave  de  Bardth,  vol.  i.  p.  43, 
Brunswick,  ed.  1845. 

This  Czarine  was  Catherine  I. 

HERMENTRUDB. 

ORIGIN  OF  NAMES  (3rd  S.  v.  71.)  —  The  follow- 
ing extract  from  an  old  book  belonging  to  the 
parish  of  Keel,  Staffordshire,  on  this  subjectx  is 
worth  recording :  — 

"  Sarah  Legacy,  who  was  left  as  such  to  the  town  by 
some  sorry  person  or  other  on  the  5th  of  November  last, 
baptized  February  20th,  1737." 

W.  I.  S.  HORTOK. 

LORD  SURREY'S  ENIGMA  (3rd  S.  v.  55.)  —  J.  L. 
has,  I  think,  deceived  himself  in  the  author.  I 
imagined  so,  and  carefully  looked  through  two 
editions  of  Surrey  to  no  purpose,  and  bethought 
me  it  might  be  Wyatt's  ;  and  there,  in  Bell's  edi- 
tion (Parker,  1854),  I  found  it,  with  slight  differ- 
ence from  J.  L.'s  text.  I  incline  to  the  opinion 
of  those  who  hold  it  answered  best  by  a  kiss, 
although,  like  the  conceits  of  those  days,  leaving 
much  obscure. 

Mr.  Bell  gives  a  note,  which  I  subjoin,  for  the 
sake  of  the  poem  added  to  it  of  another  and  much 
more  elegant  poet. 

"  Of  the  numerous  riddles  on  the  same  suggestive  sub- 
ject, this  may  probably  claim  to  be  the  earliest.    It  has 
been  frequently  imitated,  but  in  no  instance  so  closely  as 
in  the  following  dextrous  line*  by  Gascoigne :  — 
"  « A  lady  once  did  ask  of  me 
This  pretty  thing  in  privity : 
Good  Sir,  quoth  she,  fain  would  I  crave 
One  thing  which  you  yourself  not  have ; 
Nor  never  had  yet  in  times  past, 
Nor  never  shall  while  life  doth  last; 
And  if  you  seek  to  find  it  out, 
You  lose  your  labour  out  of  doubt. 
Yet,  if  you  love  me  as  you  saj', 
Then  give  it  me,  for  sure  you  may.' " 

The  last  two  lines  of  Wyatt  seem  to  me  conclu- 
sive of  the  meaning,  carrying  out  the  adage,  never 
kiss  and  tell.  The  writer  is  bound  by  it,  and  he 
who  guesses  it  will  be.  J.  A.  G. 

SOTJTHEY'S  BIRTH-PLACE  (3rd  S.  v.  89.)  —  Al- 
though Robert  Southey  was  born  at  No.  11, 
Wine  Street,  Bristol,  the  house  was  subsequently 


250 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  MAR.  19,  '64. 


divided  into  three  separate  dwellings  ;  and  I  find 
that  the  actual  room  in  which  he  first  drew  breath 
is  situated  under  the  roof  of  No.  9,  now  in  the 
occupation  of  Mr.  Trenerry,  boot  and  shoemaker, 
and  not  in  the  house  No.  1  1  as  it  now  stands  in 
the  street.  GEORGE  PRTCE. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

The  Works  of  William  Shakespeare.  Edited  by  William 
George  Clark,  M.A.,  Fellow  and  Tutor  of  Trinity  Col- 
lege, and  Public  Orator  ;  and  William  Aldis  Wright, 
M.A.,  Librarian  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge.  Vols. 
II.  and  III.  (Macmillan.) 

These  two  new  volumes  of  The  Cambridge  Shakespeare 
contain  Much  Ado  about  Nothing;  Love's  Labour's  Lost; 
Midsummer  Night's  Dream;  Merchant  of  Venice;  As 
You  Like  it  ;  Taming  of  the  Shrew  ;  All's  Well  that  Ends 
Well;  Twelfth  Night;  and  The  Winter's  Tale.  When 
noticing  the  first  volume  of  this  edition,  we  entered  so 
fully  into  the  particulars  of  the  well-considered  and  use- 
ful *plan  which  the  Editors  had  proposed  to  follow,  and 
showed  so  clearly  the  great  pains  with  which  they  had 
endeavoured  to  carry  out  such  plan,  that  we  may  well,  on 
the  present  occasion,  content  ourselves  with  saying  that, 
although  Mr.  Glover,  the  Librarian  of  Trinity  College, 
has  been  compelled,  in  consequence  of  his  removal  from 
Cambridge,  to  resign  his  share  of  the  work,  his  place  has 
been  very  efficiently  supplied  by  his  successor  in  the 
librarianship,  Mr.  Wright,  who  has  already  given  good 
proof  of  his  capabilities  as  an  editor  by  the  care  with 
which  he  recently  put  forth  Bacon's  Essays.  The  pains 
with  which  all  the  different  readings  adopted  into  the  text 
by  other  editors,  and  all  the  various  emendations  suggested 
by  the  Commentators,  have  been  recorded,  will  go  far  to 
make  the  Cambridge  Shakespeare  a  satisfactory  substitute 
for  the  21  volumes  of  1821,  the  Variorum  Shakspeare,  as 
it  is  called,  and  which  has  hitherto  been  regarded  as  in- 
dispensable in  the  library  of  every  student  of  the  great 
Dramatist.  While  the  absence  of  those  biting  allusions 
to  the  shortcomings  of  their  fellow-  editors,  Messrs.  C  &  D, 
in  which  Messrs.  A  &  B  so  frequently  indulge,  to  the 
detriment  of  their  own  reputation,  and  the  disgust  of  all 
right-minded  readers,  will  give  the  Cambridge  Edition 
favour  in  the  eyes  of  those  who  think  that  the  writings 
of  Shakspeare'should  be  edited  in  the  noble  Catholic 
spirit  in  which  they  were  produced. 

Life  Portraits  of  William  Shakspeare.    A  History  of  the  \ 
various  Representations  of  the  Poet,  with  an  Examina'  \ 
tion  into  their  Authenticity.   By  J.  Hain  Friswell.  Illus- 
trated by  Photographs  of  the  most  authentic  Portraits, 
and  with  Views  Sfc.  By  Cundall,  Downes,  &  Co.  (Samp- 
son Low.) 

Addison  was  doubtless  right  when  he  spoke  of  a 
reader's  desire  to  know  whether  the  author  whose  work 
he  is  perusing  was  "  a  black  or  a  fair  man,  of  a  mild  or 
cholerick  disposition."  And  if  this  be  true  of  ordinary 
authors,  how  true  must  it  be  of  Shakspeare  !  For  the 
solution  of  this  natural  curiosity,  Mr.  Hain  Friswell  has 
compiled  a  pleasant,  chatty,  and  instructive  volume,  in 
which  we  have  the  various  claims  of  the  Stratford  bust, 
the  Kesselstadt  mask,  the  Droeshout  engraving,  the 
Chandos,  Felton,  Jansen,  and  other  paintings,  to  be  con- 
sidered as  trustworthy  representations  of  the  great  poet/ 
carefully  weighed,  and  their  origin  and  history  traced  as 
far  as  it  is  possible  to  do  so.  While  not  the  least  amusing 
portion  of  the  book  is  the  notice  of  the  many  clever  and 


ingenious  forgeries  by  which  unscrupulous  manufacturers 
of  "genuine  portraits"  have  from  time  to  time  robbed 
their  credulous  customers.  As  Shakspeare  portraits  arc, 
we  believe,  still  in  process  of  manufacture,  we  especially 
commend  this  portion  of  Mr.  Friswell's  volume  to  the 
attention  of  our  readers.  One  word  more,  and  that  is  a 
word  of  praise  to  Mr.  Cundall  for  the  capital  photographs 
by  which  the  book  is  illustrated. 

The  Reference  Shakspere ;  A  Memorial  Edition  of  Shaks- 
spere's  Plays,  containing  1 1,600  References.  Compiled  by 
John  B.  Marsh.  (Simpkin,  Marshall,  &  Co.) 
It  would  seem  at  first  sight  someAvhat  difficult  to  hit 
upon  a  novel  treatment  of  Shakspeare's  Works  for  the 
purposes  of  publication.  Yet  this  is  what  Mr.  Marsh 
has  accomplished  in  this  Memorial  Edition,  in  which  his 
object  has  been  to  make  Shakspeare  self-interpretative, 
and  to  enable  the  readers  of  his  Plays  to  judge  him  for 
himself  by  means  of  some  11,600  references  upon  372 
different  subjects.  How  much  pains  it  has  cost  him  may 
be  surmised  from  the  fact  that  he  has  devoted  the  leisure 
of  four  years  to  its  accomplishment,  and  that  upon  the 
subject  of  LOVE  alone,  there  are  more  than  700  separate 
references. 

Shakspere's  Songs  and  Sonnets.     Illustrated  by  John  Gil- 
bert.    (Sampson  Low.) 

An  elegant  little  book,  which  cannot  be  better  de- 
scribed than  in  the  words  of  the  Publishers,  who  express 
a  hope  "  that  in  bringing  together  in  an  accessible  form 
the  whole  of  Shakspeare's  Songs  and  the  best  part  of 
his  Sonnets,  in  enriching  them  with  the  graceful  adorn- 
ments of  Mr.  Gilbert's  pencil,  and  in  presenting  them 
with  all  the  advantages  of  choice  type  and  paper,  they 
are  doing  becoming  homage  to  the  Great  Poet,  and  an 
acceptable  service  to  his  world-spread  readers." 

Another  Blow  for  Life.  By  George  Godwin,  F.R.S. 
Few  men  are  better  able  to  strike  a  blow  in  the  cause 
of  life  and  health  against  disease  and  death  than  Mr. 
Godwin,  who  has  long  done  the  state  good  service  as  a 
champion  of  sanitary  reform.  "His  present  work,  though 
evidently  prompted  by  a  most  earnest  purpose,  is  very 
wisely  written  in  a  popular  style,  and  there  are  frequent 
glimpses  of  a  quaint  humour  that  forcibly  reminds  us  of 
Thomas  Hood.  Those  who  would  fain  know  something 
of  their  poorer  neighbours  —  how  they  live  and  why  they 
die  —  yet  have  no  stomach  for  such  explorations  as  Mr. 
Godwin  here  describes,  cannot  do  better  than  read  his 
book. 

The  Lives  of  Dr.  John  Donne,   SiV  Henry  Wotton,  Mr 
Richard  Hooker,  Mr.  George  Herbert,  and  Dr.  Robert 
Sanderson.    By  Izaak  Walton.    (Bell  &  Daldy.) 
A  new  edition  of  Walton's  Lives,  and  one  of  the  nicest 
volumes  which  our  late  worthy  Publishers  have  included 
in  their  beautiful  Series  of  Pocket  Volumes. 

EAKLY  ENGLISH  TEXT  SOCIETY. — Under  this  title  a 
Society  is  in  the  course  of  formation  which  has  for  its 
object  the  printing  an  octavo  series  of  Early  English 
Texts,  some  for  the  first  time,  others  re-edited  from  the 
MSS.  from  which  they  were  originally  printed,  or  from 
earlier  MSS.  when  such  are  known  to  exist.  The  whole 
of  the  Arthur  Romances  in  English  will,  if  possible,  be 
produced.  The  first  year's  operations  will  include  "  Si 
Sciret,"  a  fanciful  piece  on  the  text  Si  sciret  pater- 
familias,—tl  Hali  Meidenhad,"— and  "  The  Wooing  of  our 
Lord,"  or  "  Wohung  of  ure  Louerd,"  to  be  edited  by  the 
Rev.  Oswald  Cockayne,  whose  Saxon  Leechdoms  we 
noticed  very  recentl}', — and  four  Early  English  poems, 
to  be  edited  by  R.  Morris,  Esq.,  the  editor  of  The  Pricke 
of  Conscience.  One  of  these  poems  is  "  Sir  Gawayne,"  the 


S.  V.  MAR.  19,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


251 


first  of  the  English  Arthur  series.  The  second  work  of 
the  Arthur  Series  wilt  probably  be  the  prose  Merlin,  or 
"  The  Early  History  of  Arthur,"  of  the  middle  of  the  fif- 
teenth century,  which  has  hitherto  lain  in  the  Cambridge 
University  Librarv,  unnoticed  by  bibliographers  and  edi- 
tors of  Arthur  Ro'mances.  This  will  be  edited  by  F.  J. 
Furnivall,  Esq.  The  Subscription  is  One  Guinea,  which 
may  be  forwarded  to  Henry  B.  Wheatley,  Esq.,  the  Hon. 
Sec.,  53,  Berner's  Street,  W. 


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would  do. 

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PALJBONTOORAPHICAL  SOCIETY'S  PUBLICATIONS. 

HISTORT  OF  ANGLESEY,  by  Miss  Lloyd. 

COLLINION'S  SOMERSET.    3  Vols. 

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WILLIS,  SURVEY  OF  BANOOR  CATHEDRAL. 

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to 

Our  next  Number,  which  will  be  issued  on  Thurtday,  will  contain, 
among  other  Papers  of  interest  — 
HYM.VS  OF  THB  CHURCH. 
MRS.  WILLIAMS'  MISCELLANIES. 
CuoMWKi.r.'s  HEAD. 
THOMAS  GILBERT. 
PREDEATH  COFFINS. 
THE  MISSES  YOUNO,  ffC. 

THB  LATE  SIR  ROBERT  PEEL  was  at  Oxford,  not  at  Cambridge,  and 
was  a  Double  First  Class. 

W.  WIOAN  H.,  and  T.  8.  WcJiave  letters  for  these  Correspondents. 
Where  can  we  forward  them  t 

F.  H.  K.  (Bath.)  "N.  fc  Q."w  registered  for  transmission  abroad. 
An  unstamped  copy  may  therefore  be  sent  to  India  via  Southampton  fin- 
two  stamps;  but  no  other  paper  or  writing  must  be  enclosed  with  it. 

A*.  The  entry  in  the  chapter  library  of  Gloucester  respecting  Bishop 
Goodman  ispnnted  in  "  N,  &  Q."  2nd  8.  x.  265. 

ELOC  will  find  much  historical  matter  relating  to  the  Order  of  St.  John 
of  Jerusalem,  especially  of  the  English  Langue,  in  the  3rd  and  4th  vols.  of 
the  3rd  S.  of  "N.  &  Q?' 


K.  P.  D.  E. 

appeared  in  our  1st  Series. 


Nine  articles  on  the  origin  of  the  Crescent  as  a  standard 
See  General  Index. 


J.  HUTCHINS.  It  has  been  conjectured  that  the  origin  of  the  saying 
"  Cleanliness  is  next  to  Godliness  "  is  in  Hebrews  x.  22.  Vide  "  N.  &  Q.r> 
1st  S.  iv.  491  Another  reading, "  Cleanliness  is  next  to  goodlmess,"  has 
been  suggested  in  our  3rd  S.  iv.  419. 

IOTA.  1.  The  Rev.  Thomas  Comber,  Rector  of  Oswald  Kirk,  died  on 
Aug.  7, 1835  (Gent.  Mag.  Sept.  1835,  p.  330.)  For  a  list  of  his  works  see 
Biog.  Diet,  of  Living  Authors.  1816.  We  cannot  find  that  he  published 

any  poetic  or  dramatic  pieces. 2.  Performers  in  the  Westminster 

Plays:  Henry  OwenCleaver,ob.Junet,  1837.  Gent. Mag. Sept.  1837. p. 321. 
George  Randolph,  Rector  of  Coulsdon,  Surrey.  Gen.  Henry  Glyn,  ob. 
Mar.  4, 1837.  Gent.  Mag.  June,  1847,  p.  670.  Geo.  Heneage  Wyld,  now 
Walker- Hentage  of  Compton  Basset,  co.  Wilts.  See  Burke's  Landed 

Gentry.  Wm.  Harrison,  Rector  of  Warmington,  co.  Warwick 3. 

The  Rev.  T.  W.  Weare,  tlie  late  excellent  Second  Master,  is  now  residing 

near  Hereford. 4.  Hanno,  a  tragedy  in  Five  Acts,  1853,  was  printed  by 

Savill  and  Edwards,  Chandos  Street,  Covent  Garden.  Hannibal,  a 
drama  in  Two  Parts,  1861,  was  printed  at  the  publishers'  office.  Smith, 

Elder,  if  Co.  Little  Green  Arbour  Court,  Old  Bailey 5.  Address  the 

letter  to  the  Rev.  B.  H.  Blacker,  Rokeby,  Blackrock,  Dublin. 

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252 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  V.  MAR.  19,  '64. 


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outfitters,  &c.,  inferior  imitations  are  often  sold  tp  the  public,  which  do 
not  possess  any  of  its  celebrated  qualities.  Purchasers  should  there- 
fore be  careful  to  observe  the  address  on  the  label,  10,  B1S11OPSGATE- 
STKEET  WITHIN,  E.C.,  without  which  the  Ink  is  not  genuine. 
Sold  by  all  respectable  chemists,  stationers,  &c.,  in  the  United  King- 
dom, price  Is.  per  bottle;  no  6rf.  size  ever  made. 

NOTICE.-  REMOVED  from  28,  Long  Lane  (where  it  has  been 
established  nearly  half  a  century),  to 

10,  BISHOPSGATE  STREET  WITHIN,  B.C. 


pHUBB'S    LOCKS    and  FIREPROOF  SAFES, 

\J  with  all  the  newest  improvements.    Street-door  Latches,  Cash  and 
Deed  Boxes.    Full  illustrate  d  price  lists  sent  free. 

CHUBB  «r  SON,  57,  St.  Paul's  Churchyard,  London;  27,  Lord  Street, 
Liverpool;  16,  Market  Street,  Manchester;  and  Horseley  Field*, 
Wolverhampton. 


DIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

MAGNOLIA,  WHITE  ROSE,  FRANGIl'ANNI,  GERA- 
NIUM, PAiCHOULY,  EVER-SWEET,  J>JEW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1 ,000  others.  2s.  6d.  each.— 2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 


3"»S.  V.  MAR.  19,  '64.  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1843. 

WESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

AI.D  METROPOLITA 
ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 


t?      AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES  LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND 


H.E.Bicknell.Esq. 

T.Somers  Cocke,Esq.,M.A.,J.P. 

Geo.  H.  Drew,  Esq.,  M.  A. 

John  Fiaher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller, 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  R.  E.  Howard,  D.C.L. 
James  Hunt,  Esq. 
John  Leigh,  Esq. 
Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 


J.  H.'Goodhart.Esq.,  J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,M.P. 

Peter  Hood,  Esq. 


F.  B.  Marson,  Esq. 

E.  VansittartNeale,  Esq., 


M.A. 


Bonamy  Price,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Jas.LysSeager.Esq. 
Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 
John  B.  White,  Esq. 
Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Actuary Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 


is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest  according  to  the  condition 


-rest  according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society's  Prospectus. 

Tht.  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Rates  of  Premium  are  GO  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persona  entering 
wit!  :n  the  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

M'DICAL  MEN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases, for  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHARGE  MADE  FOR  "POLICY  STAMPS. 

The  Bates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  live*,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready,  price  14*. 

MR. >>U  *  lATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SATrT\'.jt$  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
PreseiA  Condition  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
mu''h  Legal  Statistic?' »  »nd  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  ana  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GfZ"F,N,  LO  &  ROBERTS. 


O  S  T  &  O      E  I  D  O  tt.     -     jpipiiu 

Patent,  March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

§ABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH    and 
SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  sue- 
even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.    Purest  ma- 
Is  and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 

27,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London; 
134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 

Consultations  gratis.  For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth.'  Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 

STARCH  MANUFACTURERS 
TO  H.R.H.  THE  PRINCESS  OF  WALES. 

GLENFIELD     PATENT     STARCH, 
Used  in  the  Royal  Laundry, 
And  awarded  the  Prize  Medal,  1862. 
Sold  by  all  Grocers, Chandlers,  &c.,  &c. 


BROWN  AND  POLSON'S 

pATENT     CORN      FLOUR, 

GUARANTEED^PERFECTLY  PURE, 

Is  a  favourite 
DIET  FOR  CHILDREN, 

and  much  approved 
For  PUDDINGS,  CUSTARDS,  &c. 

TTOLLOWAY'S    OINTMENT   AND    PILLS.— 

J.J.  IndisDutable  remedies  for  bad  legs,  old  wounds,  sores,  and  ulcers 
badTe*  ^rdlng  t0  dire}ct\T  given  with  them  ,  the?e  is  no  wound! 
pad  leu,  ulcerous  sore,  or  bad  breasts,  however  obstinate  or  lone  stand 
ing,  but  will  yield  to  their  healing,  and  curative T  properties  .Numbers 
of  persons  who  have  been  patients  in  several  of  the  large  hospitals  and 
under  the  care  of  eminent  surgeons,  without  derivimr  the  sltehtest 
benefl t.have  been  thoroughly  cured  by  Holloway's  Ointment and Pills 
For  glandular  swellings,  tumours,  scurvy,  and  diseases  of  the  skin  • 
nofm/dicille  that  can  be  used  with  so  good  aTeffect  In  fact', 

upon  ^e  bad  condltion  of  the 


N 


A.  De  Arroyave,  Esq. 
Edward  Cohen,  Esq. 
James  Du  Buisson,  Esq. 
P.  Du  Pre"  Grenfell,  Esq. 
A.  Klockmann,  Esq. 


ORTH  BRITISH  AND  MERCANTILE 

INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

Established  1809. 
Incorporated  by  Royal  Charter  and  Special  Acts  of  Parliament. 

Accumulated  and  Invested  Funds 42,1 22,8ft 

Annual  Revenue £422,401 

LONDON  BOARD. 

JOHN  WHITE  CATER,  Esq.,  Chairman. 
CHARLES  MORRISON,  Esq.,  Deputy-Chairman- 

John  Mollett,  Esq. 
Juuius  S.  Morgan,  Esq. 
G.  Garden  Nicol,  Esq. 
John  H.  Wm.  Schroder,  Esq. 
George  Young,  Esq. 

Ex-DlRECTORS. 

A.  H.  Campbell,  Esq.  I  P.  P.  Ralli,  Esq. 

P.  C.  Cavan,  Esq.  Robert  Smith,  Esq. 

Frederic  Somes,  Esq. 

Manager  of  Fire  Department— George  H.  Whyting. 
Superintendent  of  Foreign  Department— G.  H.  Burnett. 

Secretary- F.  W.  Lance. 
General  Manager— David  Smith. 

FIRE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  Company  grants  Insurances  against  Fire  in  the  United  King- 
dom, and  all  Foreign  Countries. 

Mercantile  risks  m  the  Port  of  London  accepted  at  reduced  rates. 

Losses  promptly  and  liberally  settled. 

Foreign  Risks.  —  The  Directors  having  a  practical  knowledge  of 
Foreign  Countries  are  prepared  to  issue  Policies  on  the  most  favour- 
able terms.  In  all  cases  a  discount  will  be  allowed  to  Merchants  and 
others  effecting  such  insurances. 

LIFE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  following  Statement  exhibits  the  improvement  effected  during 
the  last  few  years :  — 


1858 
1859 


1861 
1862 


KG.  of  Policies 

issued. 

455 

605 

741 

785 

1,037 


&ums. 

t. 

377,425 
449,913 
475,649 
527,626 
768,334 


Premiums. 
£.     s.  d. 
12,565  18    8 

14.070  1     6 

14.071  17    7 
16,553    2    9 
23,611     0    0 


Thus  in  five  years  the  number  of  Policies  issued  was  3,623,  assuring 
the  large  sum  of  2,928,947Z. 

The  leadin-  ; 1Cu  „;  tne  ^^  ftre ._ 

1.  fc^ure  Security  to  Assurers. 

.  2.  The  large  Bonus  Additions  already  declared,  and  the  prospect  of  a 
further  Bonus  at  the  next  investigation. 

3.  The  advantages  afforded  by  the  varied  Tables  of  Premiums— unre- 
stricted conditions  of  Policies- and  general  liberality  in  dealing  with 

Forms  of  Proposal  and  every  information  will  be  furnished  on  appli- 

Head  Offices  :  LONDON 58,  Threadneedle  Street. 

4.  New  Bank- buildings. 

EDINBURGH 64,  Princes  Street. 

WEST-END  OFFICE  :  8,  WATERLOO-PLACE,  Pall  Mall. 


DEBENTURES 

JLJ   CEYLON  COMPANY,  LIM 


at  5,  5£,   and  6    PER  CENT., 

ITED.  Subscribed  Capital,  iB350,000. 


. 

Harry  George  G  ordon ,  Esq. 
George  Ireland,  Esq. 


Duncan  James  Kay.  Esq. 
Stephen  P.  Kennard,  Esq. 
Patrick  F.  Robertson,  Esq. 


DIRECTORS. 

Lawford  Acland,  Esq.,  Chairman.       Duncan , 

Major-General     Henry    Pelham 
Burn. 

Robert  Smith,  Esq." 

Sir  S.  Villiers  Surtees,  K.B. 

MANAGER— C.  J.  Braine,  Esq. 

The  Directors  are  prepared  to  issue  Debentures  for  one,  three,  and 
five  years,  at  5, 5J,  and  6  per  cent,  respectively.  They  are  also  prepared 
to  invest  money  or  mortgage  m  Ceylon  and  Mauritius,  either  with  or 
without  the  Guarantee  of  the  Company,  as  may  be  arranged 

Applications  for  particulars  to  be  made  at  the  Office  of  the  Company, 
No.  12,  Leadenhall  Street,  London,  E.C. 

By  Order,  JOHN  ANDERSON,  Secretary. 


SAUCE.  —  LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE. 

Thig  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 
"THE    ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERRINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
should  "ettwt  LEA  &  PERRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 


ASK  FOB  LEA.  AND  PERRINS'  SAUCE. 

***  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors,  Worcester; 
MESSRS.  CROSSE  and  BLACKWELL,  MESSRS.  BARCLAY  and 
SONS,  London,  &G..&C.;  and  by  Grocers  and  Oilmen  univerially. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  MAR.  19,  '64. 


MR.   MURRAY'S 


ALBEMARLE  STREET, 
March,  1864. 


LIST     OF     NEW     WOBKS. 


LIFE  of  GENERAL  SIR  WILLIAM  NAPIER, 

with  Extracts  from  his  Correspondence.    "Edited  by  II.  A.  BRUCE, 
M.P.    Portrait*.    2  Vols.   Crown  8vo.    Nearly  ready. 


RAMBLES    IN   THE    SYRIAN   DESERTS, 

and  among  the  Turkomans  and  Bedaweens.    Post  8vo.    10».  6d. 


PRISON    DISCIPLINE:    A  Report  adopted  at 

the  Hampshire  Quarter  Sessions.  January,  1864.     With  a  Preface.    By 
LORD  CARNARVON.    8vo.    Is. 


DIARY    OF    MARY   COUNTESS    COWPER, 

Lady  of  the  Bedchamber  to  Caroline  Princess  of  Wales,  1 714-20.    Por- 
trait.   8vo.    10s.  f>- 1. 

A  POPULAR  EDITION   OF   THE    PRINCE 

CONSORT'S  SPEECHES  AND  ADDRESSES,  with  an  Introduction. 
Portrait.    Fcap.  8vo.    Is. 


HISTORY  OF  THE    INTERREGNUM;  from 

the  Death  of  Charles  I.  to  the  Battle  of  Dunbar:  1618-60.    From  MSS. 
»  F™    *•;.    By  ANDREW  BISSET.   8vo.    Next 

Week.  " >*.«.-.>».w>wa**»— 

ANCIENT    EASTERN    MONARCHIES.     By 

REV.   GEORGE   RAWLINSON.     Vol.   II.-ASSYRIA.    With  230 
Illustrations.    8vo.    16s. 


METALLURGY  OF  IRON  AND  STEEL.     By 

JOHN  PERCY,  F.R.S.    With  4  large  Plans  and  200  Illustrations  to 
Scale.    One  Volume.    8vo.  42s. 


THE  DIARY  OF  A  DUTIFUL  SON. 

G.  FONNEREAU.    Fcap.  8vo.    4s.  6d. 


By  T. 


TRAVELS  IN  THE  CENTRAL  PARTS  OF 

INDO-CHINA,SIAM,CAMBODIA,  AND  LAOS,  during  1850—60.  By 
HENRI  MOUHOT,  F.R.G.S.   Illustrations.    2  Vols.    8vo.    Shortly. 

THE  WESTERN  CATHEDRALS  OF  ENG- 
LAND; Bristol.  Gloucester,  Hereford,  Worcester,  and  Lichfleld.  By 
RICHARD  J.  KING,  B.A.  Illustrations.  PostSvo.  16*. 


THE  RIVER  AMAZONS:  a  Record  of  Adven- 

ares  during  Eleven  Years  of  Travel.    By  H.  W.  BATES.    New    and 
PostSvo.    12s. 


tures  during  Eleven  Years  c 
Cheaper  Edition.    Illustrat 


tion 
8vo. 


LIFE  AND  TIMES  OF  CICERO ;  his  Character, 

Statesman,  Ora»or,  and  Friend.    With  his  Correspondence  and  Gra- 
ms.   By  WILLIA.M  FORSYTH,  Q.C.    Illustrations.   2  Vols.   Post 


. 
18*. 


THE  ANTIQUITY  OF  MAN,  from  Geological 

Evidences ;  with  Remarks  on  Theories  of  the  Origin  of  Species  by 
Variation.  By  SIR  CHARLES  LYELL,  F.R.S.  3rd  Edition,  re- 
vised. Illustrations.  8vo.  14*. 


THE    MUSIC    OF    THE    MOST    ANCIENT 

NATIONS;  particularly  of  the  Assyrians,  Egyptians,  and  Hebrews- 
with  Special  Reference  to  the  Discoveries  in  Western  Asia  and  in 
Egypt.  By  CARL  ENGEL.  Illustrations.  8vo.  Next  Week. 


/" 


MR.    GLADSTONE'S    FINANCIAL 

MENTS,  1853,  60,  and  63;  also  his  Speeches  on  Tax-B 
Charities,  13S3.    8vo.    10s.  Gd. 


1,  and 


THE 

Antiquities 


OF    THE    BIBLE;    it. 

tural  History.    By  Various 


SELECTIONS    FROM  THE   POETICAL 

WORKS  (Published  and  Unpublished)   OF   LORD  HOUGHTON. 
Fcap.  8vo.    6*. 


THE    HAMPTON    LECTURES    FOR    1863  : 

the   Relation  between   the   Divine   and  Human  Elements  in  Holy 
Scripture.   By  REV.  J.  HANNAH,  D.C.L.    8vo.    10s.  6d. 


HISTORY  OF  CHARLES  THE  BOLD,  DUKE 

OF  BURGUNDY.      By  J.  FOSTER  KIRK.     Portraits.     2  Vols. 
8vo.    30s. 


A  NEW  HISTORY  OF  PAINTING  IN  ITALY. 

Derived  from  Historical  Researches  as  well  as  Inspection  of  the 
Works  of  Art  in  that  Country.  By  J.  A.  CROWE  and  G.  B. 
CAVALCASELLE.  Illustrations.  2  Vols.  8vo.  In  March. 


THE  STUDENT'S   MANUAL   OF  ENGLISH 

LITERATURE.  By  T.  B.  SHAW.  A  New  Edition,  revised. 
Edited,  with  Notes  and  Illustrations,  by  WM.  SMITH,  LL.D.  Post 
8vo.  7s.  6</. 


JOHN  MURRAY,  ALBEMARLE  STREET. 


Printed  by  GEORUE  ANDREW  SPOTTISWOODE,  at  6  New-street  Square,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Bride,  in  the  County  of  Middlesex  5  and 
Published  by  WILLIAM  GREIG  SMITH,  of  32  Wellington  Street,  Strand,  in  the  said  County. -Saturday ,  March  19, 1364. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 

A  MEDIUM   OF   INTER-COMMUNICATION 


FOE 


LITERARY  MEN,  GENERAL   READERS,   ETC 

•     .  i    •,...•       ..--..-,.      .  * 

"  When  found,  make  a  note  of." — CAPTAIN  CUTTLE. 


No.  117. 


SATURDAY,  MARCH  26,  1864. 


f  Price  Fourpence. 

I  Stamped  Edition,  5rf. 


NEW  MEMBERS  OF  THE  ARUNDEL  SOCIETY. 

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RASER'S"  MAGAZINE    for     APRIL. 


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Forsaken.    By  E.  Hinxman. 
Mr.  Thackeray. 

Hereafter.  By  Astley  H.  Baldwin . 
Mr.  Gardiner's  History  of  J  ames  I. 
French  Life.    I. 
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253 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  MARCH  26,  1864. 

Beate  pastor  Petre  .        .          !  . 

Elpis. 

Christ©  !tcd.6niDtor  omnium 

St   di  ftlX)TOSG» 

CONTENTS.  —No.  117. 

Ccelestis  urbs  Jerusalem 

St.  Ambrose. 

NOTES:  —  Hymns  of  the  Church,  253—  Hawisia  Domina 
de  Keveoloc,  254  —  Mrs.  Williams's  Miscellanies,  Ib.  — 
Punishment:  "Peine    Fort    et  Dure,"  255  —  Pre-death 

Coeli  Deus  sanctissime 
Conditor  aline  siderum    . 
Censors  Paterni  luminis  . 

St.  Ambrose. 
St.  Ambrose. 
St.  Ambrose. 

Coffins  and  Monuments,  Ib.  —  "  La  Langue  Romane,"  256 

Decora  lux  aeternitatis     . 

Elpis. 

—  Publication    of  Wills  —  Tho  "  Niels   Juel  "  —  Ancient 

Deus  tuorum  militum 

St.  Ambrose. 

Greek  Paragram  —  Church  Music  —  JSnigmata  —  Long 

Dies  irse,  dies  ilia 

Thomas  Celano  — 

Tenure  of  Vicarage  and  Curacy,  257. 

Humbert  —  Ursini— 

QUERIES  :  —  Brown  of  Coalston  —  A  Centenarian  and 

Franqipani. 

something  more  —  Circle  Squaring  —  Joseph  Forster  — 
Mother  Goose  —Harrison  and  Farr—  Haydn's  Sympho- 
nies :  "  The  Surprise,"  &c.  —  "  Here  lies  Fred,"  £c.  —  "  The 
Keepsake,"  1828  —London  Smoke  and  London  Light  — 

Domare  cordis  impetus    . 
Ecce  jam  noctis 
Egregie  doctor  Paule 

Pope  Urban  VIII. 
St.  Gregory. 
Elpis. 

John  Meacham  —  M  itley  —  The  late  Dr.  Raffles  —  Edward 

Ex  more  docti  mystico    . 

St.  Ambrose. 

Hampden  Rose  —  Swallows  —  Trade  Winds  —  Witches  in 

Fortem  virili  pectore 

Sylvius. 

Lancaster  Castle,  258. 

Gloria,  laus,  honor  . 

Theodulphus. 

QUERIES    WITH    ANSWERS:  —  Dr.  Jacob  Catz  —  "The 
Turkish  Spy  "  —  Quotation—  Fly-leaf  Scribblings  —  Quo- 

Hymnum canamus  gloriaa 
Jam  lucis  orto  sidere 

St.  Bede. 
St.  Ambrose—  St.  Ber- 

tation wanted,  259. 

nard. 

EEPLIES  :  —  Publication  of  Diaries,  261  —  Situation  of 

Jam  Christus  astra  ascenderat 

St.  Ambrose—  St.  Gre- 

Zoar,  262  —  Hindu  Gods,  Ib.  —  Thomas  Gilbert,  Esq.,  263  — 

norii 

Cromwell's  Head,  264  —  Reliable,  266  —  The  Misses  Young, 
Ib.  —  A  Bull  of  Burke's  —  Judicial  Committee  of  Privy 
Council  —  The  Mozarabic  Liturgy  —  Nicaean  Barks  —  Fitz- 
James  —  Hemming  of  Worcester  —  Wolfe,  Gardener  to 

Jam  moesta  quiesce  querela 
Jesu  dulcis  memoria 
Jesu  corona  celsior  . 

yu'y-   . 
Prudentius. 
St.  Bernard. 
St.  Ambrose. 

Henry  VIII.  —  Arms  of  Williams  —  Epigram  on  Infancy 
—  Translators  of  Terence  :  James  Prendeville  —  Motto  for 

Jesu  corona  virginum 

St.  Ambrose  —  St.  Gre- 
gory. 

Burton-upon-Trent  Water  Company  —  Sir  John  Moore's 
Monument  —  Family  of  De   Scarth,  or  De  Scarr  —  Pos- 
terity of  the   Emperor   Charlemagne  —  Robert   Dillon 

LaudaSion  Salvatorem    . 
Lucis  Creator  optime 

St.  Thomas  of  Aquin. 
St.  Gregory—  St.  Ber- 

Browne, M.P.—  Ruthven,  Earl  of  Forth  and  Brentford- 

nard. 

Private    Prayers   for   the    Laity  —  Latin  Quotation  — 
William  Dudgeon  —  Quotations  wanted,  &c.,  267. 

Lustris  sex  qui  jam  peregit 

St.  Ambrose  —  Fortu- 
natus. 

Notes  on  Books.  &c. 

Lux  ecce  surgit  aurea 

Prudentius. 

jVlacrnsB  Deus  potential 

St.  Ambrose. 

Martinae  celebri 

P.  Urban  VIII. 

&Qtt&. 

Nocte  surgentes 

St.  Gregon/. 

Non  illam  crucians  .        .        . 

P.  Urban  Till. 

HYMNS  OF  THE  CHURCH. 

Nox  atra  rerum  contegit 

St.  Ambrose. 

Nox  et  tenebrse  et  nubila 

Prudentius. 

Many  take  an  interest  in  the  hymns  in  use  in 
the  various  offices  of  the  Catholic   Church.     As 

Nunc  Sancte  nobis  Spiritus 
O  lux  beata  Trinitas 

St.  Ambrose. 
St.  Gregory—  Akuin. 

far  as  I  know,  there  has  been  no  list  printed  of 

0  nimis  felix  .... 

Paul  the  deacon. 

the  authors  of  these  hymns.     In  many  cases  the 
authorship  is  well  established  ;  but  in  others  it  is 
doubtful  :    some  even   are   attributed  to  several 
different  authors.     Without  going  into  the  proofs 

Opes,  decusque  regium    . 
Orate  nunc  omnes    . 
O  sola  magnarum  urbium 
Pange  lingua  .  .  .  corporis  mys- 
terium  

P.  Urban  VIII. 
Notker. 
Prudentius. 

St.  Thomas  of  Aquin. 

of  authorship,  I  have  thought  that  ';  N".  &  Q." 
would  be  a  very  proper  Museum,  where  a  list 

Pange  lingua  .  .  .  lauream  cer- 
taminis         .... 

Fortunatus  Jjfammcr- 

might  be  deposited  of  a  number  of  hymns,  with 
the  names  of  the  authors  attached.    The  following 
list  Has  'been  carefully  compiled  from  a  variety  of 

Pater  superni  luminis 
Quern  terra,  pontus,  sidera 

tus. 
Bdlarmine. 
St.  Gregory  —  Fortu- 
natus. 

sources,   and  will,  I  trust,  be  found  useful  for 

Rector  potens,  verax  Deus 

St.  Ambrose. 

reference  :  — 

Rerum  Creator  optime 

St.  Ambrose. 

Rex  Christe  Factor  omnium   . 

St.  Gregory.  ' 

A  sol  is  ortus  cardine                 .     Sedulius. 
JEterna  Christi  munera            .     St.  Ambrose. 

Rex  gloriose  martyrum  .   *     '. 

Sacris  solemniis       ,"r">  •''•  •       v 

St.  Gregory. 
St.  Thomas  of  Aquin. 

Sterne  rerum  Conditor            .     St.  Ambrose. 
^Eterne  Rex  altissime               .     St.  Gregory. 

Salve  Regina  .       '.  -.-    4  •     •» 

Peter  of  Compostella  — 
Adhemar  —  Herman- 

Ales  diei  nuntius      .                 .    Prudentius. 

nus   Contractus  — 

Alma  Redemptoris  mater         .    Peter  of  Compostella— 

1 

King  Robert. 

Jfermannus  Co  n  tru  c  - 

Salvete  flores  martyrum  . 

Prudentius. 

tzis. 

Somno  refectis  artnbus    . 

St.  Ambrose. 

Antra  deserti  teneris  sub  annis    Paul  the  deacon. 
Audi  benigne  Conditor     .         .     St.  Ambrose. 
Audit  tyrannus  anxius     .        .     Prudentius. 

Splendor  Paternse  glorire 
Stabat  Mater  .... 

St.  Ambrose. 
Jacoponi—Pope  Inno- 
cent ni. 

Aurora  jam  spargit  polum       .     St.  Ambrose. 

Summae  Parens  dementias 

St.  Ambrose. 

Aurora  lucis  rutilat          .         .     St.  Ambrose. 

TeDeum  laudamus          . 

SS.  Ambrose  and  Au- 

Ave  maris  Stella       .         .        .     St.  Bernard  —Notker 

gustin. 

—  Fortunatus. 
Leata  nobis  gaudia  .        .        .     St.  Hilary. 

To  lucis  ante  terminum 

St.  Ambrose—  St.  Gre- 
gory. 

254 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  MAR.  26,  '64. 


Telluris  ingens  Conditor 
Tristes  erant  Apostoli 

St.  Ambrose. 
St.  Ambrose. 

1 

Tu  natale  solum 

P.  Urban  VIII. 

Tu  Trinitatis  unitas 

St.  Ambrose. 

Ut  queant  laxis 
Veni  Creator  Spiritus 

Paul  the  deacon. 
St.  Ambrose  —  Raba- 

nus  Maurus  — 

Char- 

lemaqne. 

Veni  Sancte  Spiritus 

.     Hermannus     Contrac- 

tus,  King  Robert. 

Verbum  supernum  prodiens 

.     St.  Gregory—  St 

.  T/io- 

mas  of  Aquin. 

Vexilla  Regis  prodeunt  . 

.     St.    Ambrose  —  Theo- 
dulphus  —  Fortuna- 

tus  —  Sedulius. 

Victimae  Paschali  laudes 

.     Notker. 

F.  C 

.  H. 

HAWISIA  DOMINA  DE  KEVEOLOC. 

A  word  upon  her  seal,  described  (1st  S.  vii.  292) 
by  John  ap  William  an  John,  in  his  learned  dis- 
sertation upon  Owen  Glyndwr's  arms,  and  there 
ascribed  by  him  to  Hawise  (Gadarn),  heiress  of 
the  Wenwynwyn  line,  and  wife  of  Sir  John  de 
Charleton.  From  a  note  of  John  ap  William  ap 
John's,  in  Archaiologia  Cambrensis  (New  Series, 
iv.  200)  upon  this  seal,  he  appears  to  have  agreed 
in  opinion  with  the  lute  eminent  Shropshire  gene- 
alogist, Mr.  Joseph  Morris,  so  far  as  regards  the 
ascribing  of  it  to  this  lady ;  though  (in  "  N.  &  Q.") 
differing  from  Mr.  Morris  in  reference  to  the 
shield  in  the  left  hand  of  the  figure  on  the  seal. 
In  the  Archaiological  Journ.  (x.  143)  there  is  an 
account  of  this  seal,  in  which,  with  unquestionable 
correctness,  it  is  assigned  not  to  Hawise  (Gadarn), 
but  to  her  grandmother,  Hawise,  daughter  of  one 
of  the  Johns  le  Strange,  of  Knockyn,  and  wife  of 
Griffin  ap  Wenwynwyn  (who  has  been  styled  as 
de  Keveoloc),  ap  Owen  de  Keveoloc.  According  to 
this  account,  the  lady  on  the  seal  holds  in  her 
right  hand  her  husband's  shield,  the  lion  rampant 
nf  Powys,  and  in  her  left  her  father's,  the  two 
lions  passant  of  Strange,  thus  affording  an  inter- 
esting instance  of  an  early  step  in  the  united  dis- 
playing of  a  husband's  and  wife's  arms,  eventually 
resulting  in  the  more  modern  empalement.  In  the 
Arch.  Journ.  it  is  surmised  this  Hawise,  the 
grandmother,  may  have  held  Keveoloc  (an  im- 
portant central  district  of  Wales)  for  life,  by  some 
family  arrangement,  after  her  husband's  decease 
(she  does  not  appear  to  have  obtained  it  in  dower). 
I  would  rather,  however,  conjecture,  that  the  "  de 
Keveoloc  "  on  the  seal  may  not  refer  to  any  actual 
ownership  of  that  part  of  "her  deceased  husband's 
territory,  but  rather,  that  as  he,  following  his 
father's  and  grandfather's  example,  may  have  ap- 
pended this  Welsh  designation  to  his  name,  so  that 
his  widow,  Hawise,  also  may  have  thus  retained 
the  same  addition  to  her  name,  though  styled, 
as  her  husband,  in  English  records,  "  de  la  Pole," 
Pole  or  Welshpool  being  the  family  residence.  As 


to  the  origin  of  the  additional  designation  "  de 
Keveoloc,"  or  simply  "  Keveoloc,"  as  applied  first 
to  Griffin's  grandfather,  Owen,  it  is  to  be  observed, 
this  Owen  and  Owen  Gwynedd  were  cotemporary 
princes,  and  each  Owen  ap  Gryffydd,  hence  to 
prevent  confusion,  these  respective  territorial  de- 
signations may  have  been  appended  to  their 
names,  Gwynedd  being  North  Wales.  Referring 
the  seal  to  Hawise,  the  grandmother,  it  would 
clearly  belong  to  her  period  of  widowhood,  from 
her  husband's  to  her  own  decease,  1285  to  1310, 
about,  and  the  dress  of  the  figure  may  be  sup- 
posed to  be  that  of  a  widow  of  those  days.  En- 
gravings of  the  seal  are  in  both  Arch.  Journ.  and 
Arch.  Cambrensis.  I  would  add,  the  pedigree  in 
which  some  of  the  foregoing  names  appear  in 
"  N.  &  Q."  (2nd  S.  xi.  77),  is  a  mixture  of  truth 
and  fiction  ;  the  family  of  Pole,  Dukes  of  Suffolk, 
was  not  derived  from  the  Lords  of  Welshpool. 

E.  K.  J. 


MRS.  WILLIAMS'S  MISCELLANIES. 

Since  I  wrote  the  article  on  "  Mrs.  Anna 
Williams,"  which  appeared  in  "  N.  &  Q."  (3rd  S.  i. 
421),  I  have  procured  the  volume  of  Miscellanies, 
the  publication  of  which,  and  the  literary  assist- 
ance received  by  Mrs.  Williams,  is  alluded  to  by 
Boswell  in  his  Life  of  Johnson.  The  biographer 
states  that  Johnson  furnished  "  the  preface,"  an 
"Epitaph  on  Phillips,"  Translation  of  a  Latin 
Epitaph  on  Sir  Thomas  Hanmer ;  "  Friendship, 
an  Ode  "  ;  and  "  The  Ant,  a  paraphrase  from  the 
Proverbs."  Johnson  also  wrote  "  The  Fountains, 
a  Fairy  Tale,  in  prose,"  and  Mrs.  Thrale  con- 
tributed that  admirable  poem,  "  The  Three  Warn- 
ings ; "  perhaps  the  best  remembered  of  all  the 
contents  of  the  volume.  There  are  two  epitaphs 
on  persons  of  the  name  of  Phillips  —  one  on  a 
musician  called  Claudy  Phillips,  has  this  neatly 
expressed  thought :  — 

"  Phillips,  whose  touch  harmonious  could  remove 
The  pangs  of  guilty  pow'r  and  hapless  love, 
Rest  here  distrest  by  poverty  no  more, 
Find  here  that  calm  thou  gav'st  so  oft  before ; 
Sleep  undisturb'd  within  this  peaceful  shrine, 
Till  angels  wake  tbee  with  a  note  like  thine." 

The  other  is  in  memory  of  Sir  Erasmus  Philipps, 
portions  of  whose  Diary  have  appeared  from  time 
to  time  in  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  and  runs 
thus : — 

On  the   Death  of  Sir  Erasmus  Philipps,  unfortunately 

drowned  in  the  River  Avon,  near  Bath,  October  loth, 

1743. 

1  Why  dash  the  floods?    What  cries  my  soul  affright! 

How  steep  the  precipice !   How  dark  the  night ! 

Then  Virtue  sunk  in  Avon's  fatal  wave, 

No  friend  to  succour,  no  kind  hand  to  save ; 

The  circling  waters  hide  his  sinking  head ; 

The  treach'rous  bottom  forms  his  oozy  bed. 

Behold  the  floated  corpse,  the  visage  pale ; 

See  here  what  virtue,  -wealth,  and  birth  avail. 


.  V.  MAK.26,'64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


255 


What  now  remains?   It  yet  remains  to  try 

What  hope,  what  peace,  religion  can  supply : 

It  yet  remains  to  catch  the  parting  ray, 

To*  note  his  worth  ere  mem'ry  fade  away ; 

To  mark  how  various  excellence  combin'd— 

Recount  his  virtues,  and  transcribe  his  mind ; 

It  yet  remains  with  holy  rites  to  lay 

The  breathless  reliques  in  their  kindred  clay. 

Ye  wise,  ye  good,  the  holy  rites  attend : 

Here  lies  the  wise  man's  guide,  the  good  man's  friend ; 

Awhile  let  faith  exalt  th'  adoring  eye, 

And  meditation  deep  suspend  the  sigh ; 

Then  close  the  grave,  and  sound  the  fun'ral  knell,       "i 

Each  drop  a  tear,  and  take  a  last  farewell ; 

In  peace  retire,  and  wish  to  live  as  well."  J 

Although  it  would  give  me  much  pleasure  to 
think  that  the  foregoing  eulogy  on  a  member  of 
the  family  from  which  I  sprung  should  have  been 
penned  by  such  a  man  as  Samuel  Johnson,  I 
think  the  first  epitaph  bears  the  strongest  im- 
press of  the  "  fine  old  Roman  hand."  Besides, 
Mrs.  Williams  had  been  upon  terms  of  the  most 
familiar  intimacy  with  the  family  of  Sir  John 
Philipps  from  her  childhood ;  and  if  any  thing 
could  give  an  impulse  to  the  chords  of  her  lyre, 
it  would  be  the  untimely  fate  of  a  friend  and  a 
benefactor.  It  may,  however,  be  like  the  poem 
"  On  the  Death  of  Stephen  Grey,  the  Electrician," 
contained  in  the  Miscellanies.  Boswell,  on  reading 
it,  maintained  the  poem  to  be 'John  son's,  and  asked 
Mrs.  Williams  if  it  were  not  his.  "  Sir,"  said  she 
with  some  warmth,  "  I  wrote  that  poem  before  I 
had  the  honour  of  Dr.  Johnson's  acquaintance." 
Boswell,  however,  was  so  much  impressed  by  his 
first  notion,  that  he  mentioned  it  to  Johnson, 
repeating  at  the  same  time  what  Mrs.  Williams 
had  said.  His  answer  was,  "  It  is  true,  Sir,  that 
she  wrote  it  before  she  was  acquainted  with  me; 
but  she  has  not  told  you  that  I  wrote  it  all  over 
again,  except  two  lines." 

JOHN  PAVIN  PHILLIPS. 

Haverfordwest. 


PUNISHMENT:   "PEINE  FORT  ET  DURE." 

It  has  generally  been  supposed  that  Mr.  Walter 
Calverley,  who  was  arraigned  at  York  for  mur- 
der and  refused  to  plead,  was  one  of  the  last 
persons  who  suffered  the  horrible  punishment, 
and  that,  although  the  law  remained,  it  was  never 
put  in  execution. 

In  an  old  4to  newspaper  called  the  Nottingham 
Mercury  of  Thursday,  January  19,  1721.  The 
following  paragraph  is  given  as  part  of  the  Lon- 
don news,  from  which  it  appears  that  as  late  as 
that  year  the  law  was  practically  put  in  force:  — 

"Yesterday  the  Sessions  began  at  the  Old  Bailey 
where  several  persons  were  brought  to  the  bar  for  the 
highway,  &c.,  among  them  the  highwaymen  lately  taken 
in  Westminster;  two  of  which,  viz.  Thomas  Cross,  alias 
Philips,  and  Thomas  Spigot,  alias  Spigat,  refusing  to 
plead,  the  Court  proceeded  to  pass  the  following  sentence 
upon  them :  — 


"  *  You  that  are  prisoners  at  the  bar,  shall  be  sent  from 
hence  to  prison  from  whence  you  came,  and  put  into  a 
mean  house  stopped  from  light,  and  there  shall  be  laid 
upon  the  bare  ground  without  any  litter,  straw,  or  other 
covering,  and  without  any  garment  about  you  saving 
jomething  to  cover  your  privy  members,  and  that  you 
hall  lie  upon  your  backs,  and  your  heads  shall  be  covered, 
md  your  feet  bare,  and  that  one  of  your  arms  shall  be 
drawn  with  a  cord  to  one  side  of  the  house,  and  the  other 
arm  to  the  other  side,  and  that  your  legs  shall  be  used  in 
he  same  manner,  and  that  upon  your  bodies  shall  be  laid 
so  much  iron  and  stone  as  you  can  bear,  and  no  more ; 
and  the  first  day  after  you  shall  have  three  morsels  of 
jarlev  bread,  without  any  drink ;  and  the  second  day 
you  shall  drink  so  much  as  you  can  three  times  of  the 
water  which  is  next  the  prison  door,  saving  running 
water,  without  any  bread,  and  this  shall  be  your  diet 
until  you  die.' 

"  The  former,  on  sight  of  the  terrible  machine,  desired 
to  be  carried  back  to  the  Sessions  House,  where  he 
pleaded  Not  Guilty,  but  the  other,  who  behaved  himself 
irery  insolently  to  the  ordinary  who  was  ordered  to  attend 
turn,  seemingly  resolved  to  undergo  the  torture.  Accord- 
ingly, when  they  brought  cords,  as  usual,  to  tye  him,  he 
broke  them  three  several  times  like  twine  thread,  and  told 
them  if  they  brought  cables  he  would  serve  them  after 
the  same  manner;  but,  however,  they  found  means  to 
tye  him,  and  chain  him  to  the  ground,  having  his  limbs 
extended ;  but  after  enduring  the  punishment  an  hour, 
and  having  300  or  400  weight  put  on  him,  he  at  last  sub- 
mitted to  plead,  and  was  carried  back  again,  when  he 
pleaded  also  Not  Guilty." 

The  form  of  the  judgment  is  the  same  as  given 
by  Cowel  and  Blount  in  their  works.  The  law 
was  not  repealed  until  a  much  more  recent  date 
than  above-named.  EDWARD  HAILSTONE. 

Horton  Hall. 


PRE-DEATH  COFFINS  AND  MONUMENTS. 
Having  occasion,  in  1857,  to  visit  the  coast  town 
of  Wester-Anstrutlier»  in  Fifeshire,  Scotland,  I 
was  induced  to  step  into  a  dwelling-house  of  two 
stories  or  floors,  which  stands  on  the  east  side  of 
the  burgh,  in  consequence  of  noticing  this  curious 
invitation  painted  on  each  side  of  the  entrance 
door :  — 

"  Here  is  the  splendid  Grotto-room, 
The  like's  not  seen  in  any  town ; 
Those  that  it  do  wish  to  see — 
It's  only  Threepence  asked  as  fee." 

The  "grotto-room,"  which  is  upon  the  second 
floor,  is  an  apartment  of  about  seven  or  eight  feet 
square.  The  ceiling  and  walls  are  covered  with 
marine-shells  of  great  variety,  disposed  in  many 
curious  and  ingenious  devices.  A  mirror  and 
several  prints  are  set  in  frames  ornamented  by 
the  same  interesting  objects.  But  the  most  ex- 
traordinary piece  of  furniture  (if  it  may  be  so 
called)  is  a  coffin  or  chest  for  a  dead  body,  the 
top,  sides,  and  ends  of  which  are  also  closely 
covered  with  sea-shells,  and  painted  black,  except 
that  the  masonic  signs  of  the  sun,  moon,  and  seven 
stars,  the  figure  of  a  human  heart,  and  the  initials 
of  the  artiste,  whose  body  the  coffin  is  intended  to 


256 


NOTES  AND  QUEBIES. 


[3**  S.  V.  MAR.  26,  '64. 


contain  some  day,  are  in  gold-gilt  upon  the  top  or 
lid.  The  coffin  lies  upon  two  black  painted  stools, 
and  stands  before  a  bed — the  "  grotto-room  "  be- 
ino-  used  as  a  sleeping  apartment. 

In  the  same  room,  enclosed  in  a  shell-covered 
frame,  was  the  following  curious  notice  written  in 
a  neat  ornamental  style :  — 

"  This  room  was  done  by  my  own  hand ; 

The  shells  I  got  from  many  a  strand ; 

For  all  the  labor  that  you  see, 

Seven  white  shillings  was  my  fee. 
The  outside  work,  Across  the  Bridge, 

both  rich  and  good,  a  gable  nice ; 

was  seven  shillings  for  such  a  job 

for  each  rood.  £2  the  price. 

The  work  I'm  sure  was  almost  lost, 

When,  as  above,  was  all  the  cost. 
Anstruther  Wester,  1836.          ALEX.  BACTHLOR,  slater." 

A  photographic  portrait  of  "Bacthlor"  exhi- 
bited the  happy  countenance  of  a  man  of  about 
threescore  and  ten,  with  a  fur  cap  upon  his  head. 
He  had  been  twice  at  the  hymeneal  altar ;  and  the 
strangely-ornamented  coffin  of  his  own  workman- 
ship was  "shown  off"  by  his  second  wife,  to  whom 
he  had  been  married  only  a  few  weeks  before  the 
time  of  my  visit.  Whether  "  Bacthlor  "  is  still 
alive  I  am  not  aware ;  but,  as  above  seen,  he  was 
a  slater  by  trade,  and  he  contrived  to  eke  out  a 
living  by  ornamenting  houses  in  the  way  above 
noticed,  of  which  there  were  several  examples 
both  in  Easter  and  Wester  Anstruther. 

Although  the  idea  of  having  one's  coffin  made 
during  life  is  not  uncommon,  I  have  never  before 
heard  of  it  being  made  for  public  exhibition.  Not 
many  years  ago  an  eccentric  cart  and  plough- 
wright  on  the  north-east  coast  of  Scotland  made 
his  own  coffin,  and  used  it  for  a  considerable  length 
of  time  as  a  press  for  holding  working  tools  ;  it 
being  fitted  Up  with  slip-shelves,  and  the  lid  or 
top  of  it  went  upon  hinges. 

In  the  old  burial  ground  at  Mohtrose,  a  tomb- 
stone erected  to  William  Fettes,  a  wright  or  car- 
penter, who  died  in  1809,  thus  records  the  part 
which  he  took  in  providing  a  chest  for  his  inani- 
mate frame :  — 

"The  handicraft  that  lieth  here— 
For  on  the  dead  truth  should  appear- 
Part  of  his  bier  his  own  hands  made, 
And  in  the  same  his  body  is  laid." 

In  the  ^neighbouring  burial-ground  of  St. 
Braoch,  the  inscription  of  a  tombstone,  dated  1802, 
after  the  usual  record  of  the  period  of  the  death, 
&c.,  of  a  stonemason  named  Turnbull,  concludes 
by  stating  that  — 

"This  humble  memorial  of  James  Turnbull  was  the 
work  of  his  own  hands  during  his  leisure  hours." 

Although,  unknown  to  me,  facts  may  be  re- 
corded upon  gravestones  in  other  parts  of  the 
country  similar  and  equally  curious  to  those 


above  quoted,  as  well  as  instances  known  of 
people  having  their  coffins  made  during  their 
lifetime.  A.  J. 


«  LA  LANGUE  ROMANE." 

In  an  interesting  Memoir  on  La  Langue  Romane 
(Trans.  R.^S.  of  Lit.),  M.  le  Due  du  Roussillon 
is  of  opinion  that  the  Latin,  as  well  as  other 
languages,  is  largely  indebted  to  that  in  ques- 
tion, and  he  illustrates  the  subject  by  many  in- 
genious references ;  and  seems  to  be  of  opinion 
that  the  latter  should  be  reckoned  amongst  the 
original  tongues,  if  it  be  not  indeed  the  true 
Pelasgic  itself,  modified  by  local  circumstances 
and  the  lapse  of  ages  through  which,  so  to  speak, 
it  has  been  percolated. 

The  paper  referred  to  has  another  significance, 
in  connection  with  the  much-vexed  question  of 
the  gipsies,  and  possibly  it  may  tend  to  unravel 
the  mystery  that  surrounds  that  ancient  and  pe- 
culiar race ;  and  there  are  many  resemblances 
between  words  in  this  and  the  gipsy  language, 
which  will  readily  be  recognised  by  even  a  casual 
reader  :  still  this  is  rather  a  secondary  consider- 
ation. 

The  Pelasgic  race,  it  is  known,  disputed  prece- 
dence in  antiquity  with  the  Egyptians ;  and 
Herodotus  seems  to  leave  the  question  open,  not- 
withstanding his  leaning  towards  the  latter. 

According  to  M.  le  Due  du  Roussillon,  mono- 
syllabic names,  as  being  less  exposed  to  corrup- 
tions, are  the  sources  from  which  we  must  derive 
our  knowledge  of  those  ancient  races  whose  re- 
cords have  perished ;  if  indeed  they  had  any 
susceptible  of  preservation,  beyond  the  brief  tra- 
ditions of  the  remotest  period  of  human  history. 

In  a  study  of  the  present  oriental  languages, 
including  those  of  China  and  Japan,  the  principle 
laid  down  would  in  all  likelihood  be  productive  of 
results  the  most  satisfactory.  We  would  thus 
perhaps  determine  the  relative  antiquity  of  the 
two  last-named  races  more  accurately  than  at 
present;  and  gradually  we  might  even  hope — 
passing  from  the  Old  to  the  New  World — to  solve 
the  problem  of  the  origin  of  the  ancient  tribes  of 
Mexico,  Peru,  and  those  who  are  now  only  re- 
cognisable in  the  ruins  of  their  ancient  cities, 
which  have  been  preserved  in  the  depths  of 
almost  inaccessible  forests. 

In  pursuing  the  geological  inquiry  as  to  the 
remains  of  pre-historic  man,  philology  would  pro- 
bably tend  to  correct  too  hasty  conclusions ;  and, 
hand-in-hand  with  physiology,  might  perhaps  in- 
dicate physical  peculiarities  in  the  anatomy  of  the 
human  organs  of  speech,  which  would  still  fur- 
ther throw  light  on  the  origin  of  one  primitive 
language.  S. 


3"1  S.  V.  MAR.  26, 5G4.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


257 


PUBLICATION  OF  WILLS.  —  It  has  often  struck 
me  that  the  publication  in  the  papers  of  the  wills 
of  persons  recently  deceased  is  a  very  indecent 
proceeding,  and  a  gross  misuse  of  the  facilities 
afforded  by  the  Probate  Court  for  inspection  of 
wills.  On  referring  to  an  old  law  book  (1  Bar- 
nardiston,  240,  anno  1729),  I  observe  that  this  is 
no  new  grievance.  It  is  there  recorded,  that  — 

"  Mr.  Kettleby  moved  for  an  information  against  the 
printer  of  one  of  the  newspapers  for  inserting  in  it  Mr. 
Hungerford's  will.  He  said  this  was  a  practice  that 
might  tend  to  great  confusion  by  discovering  men's  pri- 
vate affairs  in  their  families;  and,  therefore,  he  made 
this  motion  in  behalf  of  the  widow.  On  June  31, 
1721,  the  House  of  Peers  made  an  order  that  no  person 
should  take  upon  him  to  print  the  will  of  one  of  their 
Members." 

The  Court  did  not  see  their  way  to  granting 
the  relief  requested  ;  but  I  cannot  help  thinking 
that  the  present  practice  is  a  very  unwarrantable 
violation  of  the  sanctity  of  private  life. 

JOB  J.  B.  WORKARD. 

THE  "  NIELS  JUEL."—  This  name  has  been  lately 
before  the  public  as  that  of  the  Danish  frigate 
cruising  off  our  coast.  Tlje  origin  of  the  name, 
as  applied  to  a  ship,  may  be  interesting  to  some 
of  your  readers. 

Niels  Juel,  or  Juul,  was  descended  from  an  old 
Danish  family,  and  was  distinguished  as  an  Ad- 
miral in  the  seventeenth  century  :  for  his  services 
he  was  ennobled,  and  the  beautiful  island  of 
Taasinge,  south  of  Fiihnen,  was  awarded  to  him 
by  his  country.  The  name  is  as  familiar  in  Den- 
mark as  that  of  Nelson  in  England. 

Medals  were  struck  in  honour  of  one  of  his 
victories.  The  largest  of  gold,  of  the  value  of 
60Z.  ;  and  two  other  sizes  of  silver.  I  saw  a  copy 
of  the  largest,  made  of  copper,  at  the  Exhibition 
last  year.  On  one  side,  fleets  were  represented 
in  action.  It  is  a  very  beautiful  work  of  art. 

I  may  add  that,  in  the  comprehensive  collection 
of  portraits  at  Evans's  in  the  Strand,  I  obtained 
a  group  of  the  Juel  family.  SASSENACH. 

ANCIENT  GREEK  PARAGRAM.  —  The  following 
paragram  (irapdypa^'a,  calembour\  mentioned  by 
Theseus,  the  Grecian  sophist,  is  worthy  of  bein^ 
noticed:  — 


Au\?jrpis  ireffovffa  fffru 

which,  differently  pronounced,  has  also  the  two 
following  meanings  :  — 

irais   otaa   &FTW   S^otn'a,  and  At/A},  rpls  Tre 
RHODOCANAKIS. 


CHURCH  Music.  —  I  transcribe  the  following 
uxTthe  ^,musement  of  tne  musical  readers  of 
4  JST.  &  Q."  If  the  statement  is  correct,  it  is  clear 
that  a  wonderful  change  for  the  better  has  taken 
place  in  the  last  twenty  years,  and  one  scarcely  to 
be  credited  :  —  J 


"The  present  poverty  of  our  choirs  is  mournfully  ap- 
parent by  a  reference  to  some  of  the  noblest  compositions 
of  the  church.  Take  one  of  •the  earliest,  for  example,  the 
Service  of  Tallis  :  the  preces  and  responses  of  this  Service 
are  of  unequalled  propriety  of  expression,  majesty  of 
style,  and  grandeur  of  harmony.  They  have  never  been 
reset,  and  probably  never  will  ;  "but  they  demand  the  aid 
of  a  Minor  Canon  educated  as  all  such  were  in  Tal- 
lis's  time  :  he  intones  the  prayers  to  a  prescribed  form 
of  notes  ;  he  leads  the  choir  from  key  to  key  ;  he  is  the 
master-spirit  who  guides  the  movements  of  a  finely-con- 
structed machine.  The  power  of  performing  this  noble 
Service  is  now  approaching  its  period  of  extinction  :  one 
priest-vicar  alone  in  the  metropolis  is  able  to  fulfil  his 
duty  as  its  conductor,  and  when  Mr.  Lupton  is  gathered 
to  his  fathers,  Tallis's  Service  will  be  heard  no  more. 
The  public  seem  to  be  aware  of  this  fact,  for  whenever 
the  '  Tallis  Day  '  occurs,  Westminster  Abbey  is  thronged 
with  hearers."  —  Article  on  "  English  Cathedral  Music  "  in 
The  British  and  Foreign  Review,  vol.  xvii.  pp.  113  and  114, 
published  in  1844. 

OxONIENSIS. 


P.S.  Lonnr  indeed  may  Mr.  Lupton  live,  whose 
beautiful  voice  must  be  familiar  to  many  fre- 
quenters of  Westminster  Abbey  ;  but  still  let  us 
hope  that  he  is  not  ultimus  Romanorum. 


.  —  In  one  of  your  January  numbers 
(p.  93),  I  met  with  the  Latin  senigmata  of  Bisschop, 
of  which  "  N.  &  Q."  does  not  express  a  very  high 
opinion.  I  was  tempted  to  try  my  hand  at  the 
three  which  follow,  and  which  you  may  perhaps 
be  disposed  to  submit  to  the  judgment  of  those 
among  your  readers  who  fancy  such  trifles.  The 
first  two  were  suggested  by  those  quoted  from 
Bisschop  :  — 

1. 
Si  titulo  dignus  tali  mea  prima  vocaris, 

Proximo,  Diis  (hominem  te  memor  esse)  feras. 
Inde  ubi  prima  perit,  post  funus  tota  vigebit, 

Ut  nihilo  spirent  suave  secunda  magis. 

2. 

Hei  mihi,  demonstret  quod  te  pars  prima  fuisse  ? 
Quanquam  homines  (totum  est)  nomen  inane 

ferunt. 
Res  nihili  est  —  minima  est  —  vita  sed  proximo, 

gaudet, 
Dum  tibi  facundo  pulvis  in  ore  jacet. 

3. 

Rhetoribus  mea  prima  subest,  et  grande  poetis 
Auxilium  :  laudat,  convocat,  orat,  amat. 

Hanc  vocites,  vexet  si  sub  cute  proxima  vulnus  : 
Quae  sint,  scire  tibi  totum,  ut  opinor,  erit. 

C.  G.  PROWETT. 

LONG  TENURE  o?  VICARAGE  AND  CURACY.  — 
The  present  vicar  of  Basingstoke,  Hants,  who  is 
now,  I  believe,  in  his  ninetieth  year,  has  held  his 
vicarage  for  fifty  years;  and  the  present  curate 
of  Basingstoke  has  held  his  curacy  for  forty  years. 
Can  any  of  your  readers  mention  a  more  remark- 
able instance  of  longevity  among  rectors,  and  of 
long  service  among  curates  ?  M.  B.  M. 


258 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  MAB.  26,  '64. 


BROWN  or  COALSTON.  —  Where  can  I  obtain 
full  particulars  of  the  ancient  family  of  Brown  of 
Coalston,  in  Haddingtonshire  ?  I  am  aware  that 
the  pedigree  in  Burke's  Baronetage  is  incorrect ; 
and  I  am  seeking  information  for  a  literary  pur- 
pose, and  wish  to  know  if  a  genealogical  tree,  or 
pedigree,  with  all  the  family  alliances,  is  in  ex- 
istence at  the  ancient  seat  of  Coalston  or  elsewhere ; 
and  also,  if  a  view  of  it  can  be  obtained,  or  a  copy  ? 

GEORGE  LEE. 

A  CENTENARIAN  AND  SOMETHING  MORE.  —  The 
Stamford  Mercury  of  Feb.  26,  1864,  says  :  — 

"  There  has  really  been  found  an  authentic  case  of 
'  aged  112,'  certified  by  baptismal  register  book  of  Prescot 
church,  stating  that  the  old  lady  was  born  on  the  24th  of 
May,  1751." 

Can  this  be  true  ?  It  would  be  very  interest- 
ing to  see  the  evidence  on  which  so  extraordinary 
an  assertion  is  based  perpetuated  in  "  1ST.  &  Q." 

K.  P.  D.  E. 

CIRCLE  SQUARING.  —  In  the  Life  of  Thomas 
Gent,  Printer,  York,  under  the  date  A.D.  1732,  I 
find  the  following  entry  :  — 

"  I  printed  a  book  for  Mr.  Thomas  Baxter,  school- 
master, Crathorn,  Yorkshire,  intitled  The  Circle  Squared, 
but  it  has  never  proved  of  any  effect ;  it  was  converted  to 
waste  paper,  to  the  great  mortification  of  the  author." 

Is  anything  known  of  this  work,  or  of  the  me- 
thod employed  by  the  squarer  ?  T.  T.  W. 
Burnley. 

JOSEPH  FORSTER,  of  Queen's  College,  Cam- 
bridge, B.A.  1732-3,  M.A.  1736,  was  author  of 
two  essays:  the  one  on  the  origin  of  evil,  the 
other  on  the  foundation  of  morality  ;  to  which  is 
annexed,  "  A  short  Dissertation  on  the  Immate- 
riality of  the  Soul."  Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  8vo, 
1734.  We  much  desire  to  know  more  respecting 
him-  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

MOTHER  GOOSE.  —  Can  any  one  tell  me  who 
Mother  Goose  was,  and  where  the  original  legend 
concerning  her  is  to  be  found  ?  She  must  belong 
to  the  mythology  of  German  legend,  but  I  find 
no  allusion  to  her  in  Grimm's  tales,  and,  oddly 
enough,  the  first  edition  of  Perault's  Fairy  Tales 
is  entitled  Contes  de  ma  Mere  VOye.  Was  she  a 
French  witch  ?  A.  !R. 

HARRISON  AND  FARR.  -—  My  great  uncle,  John 
Parr,  appears  to  have  married  a  Norfolk  lady, 
named  Harrison.  This  I  gather  from  a  book  in 
my  possession  (the  first  volume  of  Matho,  or  the 
Cosmotheoria  Puerilis,  London  4to,  1765),  on  the 
cover  of  which  is  written,  in  an  old  hand,  »  A 
Norfolk  largess  from  Thos.  Harrison,  of  Plum- 
stead  Magna,  to  John  Ffarr,  of  London,  gent.,  on 
his  marrying  Hannah  Harrison  — - '  Virtus  in  ar- 


duis.'"  Beneath  is  a  quartered  coat  of  arms. 
Wanted  any  information  concerning  the  family 
and  descendants  of  this  Thomas  Harrison.  W^hat 
was  the  relationship  between  him  and  Hannah? 
Perhaps  some  Norfolk  correspondent  will  furnish 
copies  of  monumental  inscription,  or  other  re- 
cords extant,  of  the  Harrisons  and  Farrs  of  Great 
Plumstead.  P.  S.  FARR. 

HAYDN'S  SYMPHONIES  :  "  THE  SURPRISE,"  ETC. 
Is  anything  known  to  account  for  the  titles  pre- 
fixed to  many  of  Haydn's  symphonies  ?  There  is 
but  one  biography  of  this  composer  in  the  English 
language,  Bombet's  Letters  on  Haydn,  which  is 
very  meagre  in  many  parts.  I  should  be  thankful 
to  be  made  acquainted  with  the  history  of  such 
curious  titles  as  "  The  Surprise ;"  "The  Poltroon ;" 
"  The  Shipwreck  ;"  "  The  Fair  Circassian,"  &c. 
Haydn  is  great  in  descriptive  music  ;  but  in  most 
of  these  fine  compositions,  the  connexion  between 
music  and  title  is  very  obscure,  and  must  have 
existed  only  in  the  acute  brain  of  the  composer. 
Certainly,  it  is  rarely  discoverable  by  a  mere 
auditor,  however  well  educated  in  music. 

JUXTA  TURRIM. 

"  HERE  LIES  FRICD,"  ETC. — Professor  Smyth,  in 
his  Lectures  on  Modern  History,  used  to  quote 
the  well-known  epitaph  on  the  Prince  of  Wales, 
"  Here  lies  Fred,"  £c.,*  and  call  it  a  good  version 
of  a  French  epigram,  which  he  read.  This,  and 
many  other  matters  too  good  to  be  forgotten,  are 
omitted  from  the  printed  copy.  Can  any  of  your 
readers  oblige  me  with  the  French  verses  ? 

C.  E.  P. 

"THE  KEEPSAKE,"  1828.  —  Can  the  author  of 
Dreams  on  the  Border-land  of  Poetry  in  the  above 
be  identified  ?  I  acquired  the  MS.  through  Daw- 
son  Turner's  sale,  and  there  a  pencil  note  attri- 
butes the  authorship  to  Charles  Lamb.  The 
writing  is  certainly  not  his,  but  is  very  like  that 
of  Leigh  Hunt.  J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

LONDON  SMOKE  AND  LONDON  LIGHT. — Many 
years  ago,  while  residing  on  high  ground  at  Cray- 
ford,  near  Dartford,  in  Kent,  I  was  occasionally 
able,  when  the  wind  was  westerly,  to  trace  a  bank 
of  London  smoke,  extending  along  the  low  hills  of 
Essex,  north  of  the  Thames,  apparently  as  far 
down  as  the  Nore.  Gilbert  White,  in  his  Mete" 
orological  Observations,  writes  thus  : — 

"Mist  called  London  Smoke.  —  This  is  a  blue  mist, 
which  has  somewhat  the  smell  of  coal  smoke,  and  as  it 
always  comes  to  us  with  a  north-east  wind,  is  supposed 
to  come  from  London.  It  has  a  strong  smell,  and  is  sup- 
posed to  occasion  blights.  When  such  mists  appear  they 
are  usually  followed  by  drv  weather." —  Works,  ed.  1802, 
p.  262. 

Recently  I  have  been  told  that  the  Light  of 
London,  reflected  in  the  sky,  is  under  certain 


[*  See  "N.  &  Q."  2»d  S.  x.  2,  56.] 


S.  V.  MAR.  26,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


259 


circumstances  observed  by  night  at  Hertford. 
Permit  me,  without  wishing  to  excite  a  meteor- 
ological discussion,  so  far  to  trespass  on  your 
pages  as  to  seek,  being  in  that  quarter  most  likely 
to  get  it,  the  information  that  I  want,  namely, 
where  to  find  any  satisfactory  particulars  as  to  the 
extent  of  the  area  within  which  our  great  over- 
grown metropolis  makes  itself  perceptible,  whether 
by  nightly  splendour  or  by  daily  smoke  ? 

THE  CLERK  or  THE  WEATHER. 

JOHN  MEACHAM. — In  the  Gentleman's  Maga- 
zine, June,  1813,  there  is  a  poem  on  "  Stratford- 
on-Avon  "  by  John  Meacham,  who  is  said  to  have 
died  June  1,  1784,  aged  nineteen.  This  juvenile 
poet  was  a  native  of  the  town  of  Stratford  or  its 
neighbourhood.  Is  he  known  to  •  have  written 
anything  else  ?  R.  I. 

MITLET.  —  I  should  be  much  obliged  to  any 
Yorkshire  genealogist  who  would  communicate 
any  notices  of  a  family  named  Mitley,  of  Little 
Preston,  in  the  parish  of  Kippax,  and  possessing 
property  in  that  parish  about  the  middle  of  the 
seventeenth  century.  The  name  is  of  such  rare 
occurrence,  that  all  possessors  of  it  may  probably 
be  referred  to  the  same  original  stock. 

CLERICUS. 

THE  LATE  DR.  RAFFLES.  —  The  following  ex- 
tract is  from  a  number  of  the  New  York  Indepen- 
dent of  this  year,  and  from  a  correspondent  to 
that  journal :  — 

"  On  landing  at  Liverpool  I  called,  with  a  bundle  of 
autographs,  on  the  late  Dr.  Raffles,  who,  next  to  Angell 
James,  \vasthe most  influential  Independent  divinein  Great 
Britain.  An  autograph  was  a  key  to  Dr.  Raffles'  heart, 
as  it  is  now  to  our  friend  Dr.  Sprague's.  His  collection 
•was  immense,  He  had  the  original  MSS.  of  Scott's 
« Kenilworth,'  of  Montgomery's  « Pelican  Island,'  and  of 
several  of  Burns's  songs.  He  had  also  Melanchthon's  He- 
brew Bible  —  the  margins  covered  with  notes  in  the  neat 
hand  of  that 'beloved  disciple.'  The  greatest  curiosity 
in  the  collection  was  a  rough  draft  of  a  challenge  from 
Byron  to  Lord  Brougham ;  it  was  written  at  Missolonghi, 
just  before  the  poet's  death,  and  endorsed, « To  be  for- 
warded immediately  on  my  return  to  England.'  The 
letter  ran  gall  and  vitriol,  charged  Brougham  with  slan- 
dering him,  and  breathed  revenge  in  every  line.  The 
hand  that  wrote  the  challenge  was  soon  laid  in  the  vault 
beneath  Hncknall  church.  Let  me  say,  also,  that  Dr. 
Raffles  prepared  some  of  his  sermons  on  the  table  on 
which  Byron  wrote  the  'Childe  Harold ; '  it  was  portable 
and  could  be  folded  up  on  hinges  in  the  shape  of  a  huge 
book." 

Can  any  of  the  friends  of  Dr.  Raffles,  or  mem- 
bers of  his  congregation,  say  what  became  of  these 
autographs  and  relics  at  the  death  of  the  Rev. 
Dr.  ?  I  very  much  doubt  whether  the  corre- 
spondent of  the  New  York  paper  is  not  under  a 
mistake  as  to  some  portion  of  the  articles  named. 

T.B. 

EDWARD  HAMPDEN  ROSE,  a  native  of  Dublin, 
who  was  a  purser's  steward  in  the  navy,  died  at 
the  Naval  Hospital,  Stonehouse,  Aug.isiO.  He 


wrote  the  Sea  Devil,  (a  novel?)  and  is  said 
to  have  written  also  MS.  poems.  Is  anything 
further  known  about  his  poetical  or  other  works  ? 

R.  I. 

SWALLOWS. — A  correspondent  informs  me  that 
in  Norfolk  there  exists  a  tradition  with  respect  to 
swallows,  viz.  that  these  birds  "  always  congre- 
gate about  a  house  in  which  a  death  is  expected, 
and  that  the  departing  spirit  goes  away  with 
them."  Can  you  give  any  further  information  on 
this  subject  ? 

Can  you  refer  to  any  passage,  ancient  or  mo- 
dern, where  the  departure  of  the  soul  is  associated 
with  the  migration  of  swallows?  G.  S.  C. 

TRADE  WINDS.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers  in- 
form me  whether  Halley  is  the  author  of  the 
modern  theory  of  the  Trade  Winds  ?  and  if  not, 
what  was  the  proposition  that  he  maintained  on 
this  point  ?  W.  H. 

WITCHES  IN  LANCASTER  CASTLE. — In  the  Nar- 
rative of  the  Life  of  Mr.  Henry  Burton,  written 
by  himself,  and  printed  in  1643,  in  the  description 
that  he  gives  of  his  confinement  in  the  castle  of 
Lancaster,  in  the  autumn  of  1637,  there  occurs 
the  following  passage :  — 

" —  to  add  to  their  cruelties,  there  was  a  darke  roome 
under  mine,  where  they  put  five  witches  with  one  of  their 
children,  which  made  such  a  hellish  noise  night  and  day, 
that  I  seemed  then  to  be  in  hell,  or  at  least  in  some 
popish  purgatory,  the  region  next  above  hell,  as  the 
papists  tell  us." 

It  is  instructive  to  observe  that  in  the  eyes  of 
Mr.  Henry  Burton,  the  cruelty  of  the  case  con- 
sisted not  in  the  five  witches  and  one  of  their 
children  being  consigned  to  prison,  but  in  their 
being  put  into  a  room  under  his,  whereby  he  was 
disturbed.  Can  any  information  be  now  obtained 
respecting  these  poor  witches,  and  what  became 
of  them  and  the  child  ?  P.  S.  CAREY. 


foil!) 

DR.  JACOB  CATZ.  —  I  take  advantage  of  the 
great  variety  of  knowledge  exhibited  by  your 
correspondents  to  inquire,  if  any  one  of  them  can 
inform  me  of  a  Dutch  and  English  Dictionary 
adapted  to  the  language  of  the  famous  embleraa- 
tist,  Jacob  Catz  ?  Any  information  which  would 
tend  to  the  understanding  of  this  excellent  author 
would  be  most  acceptable. 

Is  there  any  full  account  of  the  Life  of  Father 
Catz,  or  of  his  embassy  to  England  in  Cromwell's 
time  ?  Is  there  any  good  literary  notice  of  him  ? 

G.  S.  C. 

[Dr.  Jacob  Catz,  the  distinguished  Dutch  civilian  and 
poet,  was  born  at  Brouwershaven,  province  of  Zeeland, 
Nov.  10,  1577.  After  studying  jurisprudence — firstly, 
in  the  universities  of  Leyden  and  Orleans  (in  the  latter 


260 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


V.  MAR.  26,  '64. 


of  which  he  took  the  degree  of  LL.D.) ;  and  secondly, 
under  the  celebrated  Cornelius  Van  der  Pol— he  settled 
at  Middleburg,  where  he  acquired  great  reputation  as  a 
pleader.  Some  time  afterwards,  Catz  practised  with 
equal  distinction  at  Zieuwreckzee,  and  at  his  native  place. 
At  this  period  he  applied  himself  no  less  assiduously  to 
poetry ;  and  not  only  became  distinguished  among  the 
literati  of  Holland  for  the  purity  and  elegance  of  his  Latin 
verses,  but  soon  took  rank  as  one  of  her  first  lyrists  in 
his  native  tongue.  Becoming  seriously  ill  by  over-appli- 
cation to  study,  he  was  advised  to  travel,  and  thereupon 
repaired  to  this  country.  Whilst  here,  he  visited  Cam- 
bridge and  Oxford,  but  failed  to  recruit  his  health.  He 
was  eventually  cured  in  his  own  country  by  an  old 
alchemist.  In  1634,  he  was  nominated  Pensionary  of 
Holland  and  West  Friesland ;  and  in  1648,  was  elected 
Keeper  of  the  Seal  of  the  same  state,  and  Stadtholder  of 
the  Fiefs;  but,  after  filling  these  important  offices  for 
eighteen  years,  he  requested  permission,  on  account  of  his 
advanced  age  (seventy-two),  to  retire  into  private  life, 
which  was  reluctantly  granted  by  the  States.  As  the 
post  of  Grand  Pensionary  had  been  fatal  to  almost  all 
those  who  had  held  it,  from  the  beginning  of  the  Republic 
to  that  time,  Catz  delivered  up  his  charge  upon  his  knees 
before  the  whole  Assembly  of  the  States:  weeping  for 
joy,  and  thanking  God  for  having  preserved  him  from 
the  dangers  which  seemed  attached  to  the  duties  of  that 
office.  At  the  earnest  solicitation  of  the  States,  he  con- 
sented to  go  on  an  embassy  to  England  at  the  delicate 
conjuncture  when  the  Republic  found  itself  compromised, 
during  the  Protectorate  of  Cromwell.  He  arranged  a 
treaty  of  commerce  between  the  two  countries.  That 
was  his  last  public  service.  He  devoted  his  few  remain- 
ing years  to  the  Muses,  and  died  at  Sorgvliet,  whither 
he  had  retired,  in  1660,  aged  eighty-three.  The  most 
popular  of  the  works  of  "  Father  Catz,"  as  he  was,  and 
still  is,  affectionately  called  by  his  admiring  countrymen, 
is  his  Moral  Emblems,  recently  translated  into  English 
by  Mr.  Rich.  Pigot  (Longmans,  1860) ;  to  which  is  pre- 
fixed a  brief  Memoir  of  the  indefatigable  author.  See 
also,  Nouvelle  Biog.  Gen.,  vol.  ix.  223 ;  and  Hallam's  Lit. 
of  Europe,  vol.  iii.  26  (edit.  1854).  A  spurious  account 
of  Catz  appears  in  the  Gent.'s  Mag.,  vol.  Ixxvii.  1099, 
1100.  Perhaps  one  of  our  correspondents  will  kindly 
oblige  G.  S.  C.  with  a  reference  to  a  Dutch  and  English 
Dictionary  adapted  to  the  language  of  the  old  emblema- 
tist :  we  know  of  none.] 

"THE  TURKISH  SPY."  — Can  you  inform  me 
who  wrote  a  work  named  The  Turkish  Spy,  which 
appeared  in  the  beginning  of  the  last  century  ? 

EVAN  EVANS,  M.I>.,  Lond. 
Beech  Street,  Barbican. 

[The  authorship  of  The  Turkish  Spy,  by  the  mysteri- 
ous Mahmut,  has  been  frequently  discussed  by  persons  of 
considerable  learning  and  acuteness.  We  can  promise 
our  correspondent  a  few  hours'  pleasant  reading  on  this 
controverted  subject  if  he  will  only  consult  Hallam's  In- 
troduction to  the  Literature  of  Europe,  edit.  1854,  iii. 


569-573 ;  D'Israeli's  Curiosities  of  Literature,  edit.  1849, 
1.  419-421 ;  the  papers  by  F.  R,  A.,  J.  Roche,  of  Cork, 
Mr.  Bolton  Corney,  and  Joseph  Hunter,  in  the  Gentle- 
man's Magazine  for  1840  and  1841.  The  point  in  dispute 
is,  whether  JEAN  PAUL  MARANA,  a  native  of  Genoa, 
was  the  author  of  the  whole  or  merely  a  portion  of  this 
celebrated  work.  Mr.  Hallam  attributes  to  him  only  the 
thirty  letters  published  in  1684,  and  of  twenty  more  in 
1686,  which  have  been  literally  translated  into  English, 
and  form  about  half  the  first  volume  in  English  of  our 
Turkish  Spy.  Mr.  Bolton  Corney,  on  the  other  hand,  ) 
ascribes  the  entire  work  to  Marana.  He  says,  "  If  Ma- 
rana  composed  the  entire  Turkish  Spy,  what  became  of 
the  manuscript  ?  He  was  scarcely  above  want.  He  was 
not  insensible  to  the  profits  of  authorship.  He  had  met 
with  obstacles  -to  publication  in  France ;  and  in  Holland, 
to  the  press  of  which  state  he  had  recourse,  the  enterprise 
was  not  cherished.  Was  there  no  alternative?  '  He 
might  with  reason  expect  a  purchaser  in  England.  We 
had  done  him  the  honour  of  translation.  Mr.  Rhodes,  the 
publisher  of  the  volume,  was  in  constant  communication 
with  Holland ;  and  from  Holland,  I  have  no  doubt,  he  ob- 
tained the  inedited  manuscript  He  was  the  sole  publisher 
of  the  subsequent  volumes.  Dr.  Midgley  may  have  ad- 
vanced the  purchase  money,  and  so  obtained  the  copv- 
right.  He  may  have  employed  Bradshaw,  who  was  in 
his  debt,  to  translate  the  manuscript ;  and  he  could  not 
deny  himself  an  Imprimatur !  All  the  undoubted  facts 
of  the  case  tend  to  establish  the  main  point  of  this  argu- 
ment ;  and  so  does  the  not  very  credible  tale  of  Mr.  Salt- 
marsh,  which  introduces  the  second  and  subsequent 
volumes,  if  properly  interpreted.  This  novel  theory 
serves  to  explain  why  the  reported  Italian  edition  has 
never  been  produced ;  and  why  the  French  editor  of  1696 
was  content  to  follow  the  English  text.  It  also  serves  to 
account  for  the  mystery  which  was  thrown  over  the  trans- 
action on  this  side  the  channel.  It  is  the  solution  of  an 
enigma;  a  solution  which  has  escaped  the  writers  of 
literary  history — Italian,  French,  and  English — for  one 
hundred  and  fifty  years."—  Gent.  Mag.  Nov.  1840,  p.  469 ; 
consult  also  Gent.  "Mag.  March,  1 841,  pp.  265-270.] 

QUOTATION.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers  inform 
me  in  what  classical  author  the  words,  "  Spartam, 
quam  nactus  es,  orna,"  are  to  be  found  ?  V.  S. 

[We  doubt  whether  these  words,  in  Latin,  are  to  be 
found  in  any  classical  author.  In  the  Greek  form  they 
are  cited  by  Cicero,  in  his  Epistles  to  Atticus :  "  Reliquum 
est,  ^.TrdpTav  eAax«,  ravrav  Koffp.€i.  Non  mehercule 
possum."  (iv.  6.)  Erasmus,  in  his  Adagia  (1643,  p.  638-9), 
commenting  upon  the  phrase,  says  that  it  is  from  some 
tragedy : — "  Quod  h,  Cicerone  refertur  carmen  est  anapass- 
ticum,  e  tragoedia  quapiam.  Spartam  nactus  es,  hanc 
exorna."  Yet,  presently  after,  Erasmus  states  that  Plu- 
tarch attributes  this  saying  to  Solon.  "In  eodem  li- 
bello  "  (De  An.Tranq.}  "monet  hoc  dictum  a  Solone  pro- 
ditum."  Yet  we  can  hardly  perceive  that  the  words  of 
Plutarch,  at  least  in  the  passage  to  which  Erasmus  re- 
fers, will  bear  this  interpretation :  — 


S.  V.  MAR.  26,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


261 


To?s     avrwv 

s,   ravrav  Kofffj.fi.  /col  y&p  6  SoAW  *AAA.'  [ 
avro'is  ou,  K.  r.  A. 

Here  Solon  seems  to  be  cited  as  the  author  rather  of 
another  passage,  than  of  that  now  in  question 

It  is  remarkable  also,  that  Erasmus  gives  something 
almost  identical  with  this  latter,  as  "cited  from  Euri- 
pides" :  — "  Citatur  autem  ex  Euripide,  'Zirdpr-ni'  eAc^es, 
Keivfjv  icda-pei  .  .  .  Videntur  verba  esse  Agamemnonis  ad 
Menelaum." 

We  should  be  thankful  to  any  of  our  learned  readers 
who  could  supply  us  with  a  reference  to  the  words 
«  cited,"  in  Euripides ;  or  who  could  point  out  any  pas- 
sage, overlooked  by  us,  in  which  Plutarch  attributes  the 
Greek  saying  adopted  by  Cicero  to  Solon.  ] 

FLYLEAF  SCRIBBLINGS. —  In  a  black-letter  edi- 
tion of  Fox's  Book  of  Martyrs,  I  have  found  the 
following.  It  is  written  in  ink,  and  dated  1702. 
Can  any  of  your  readers  interpret  it  ? 

"  When  u  and  i  together  meet, 
We  make  up  six  in  house  or  street ; 
But  i  and  u  shall  meet  once  more, 
And  then  we  two  can  make  but  four ; 
But  when  that  u  from  i  are  gone, 
Then  my  poor  i  can  make  but  one." 

TRETANE. 
[The  Roman  numeral  letters,  VI.,  IV.,  and  I.] 

QUOTATION  WANTED. — A.  K.  H.  B.  in  a  sermon 
late  published,  says :  — 

"  Surely  in  a  higher  sense  than  even  that  of  the  sublimest 
of  poets,  the  believer  may  take  up  his  words  — 
*  I  feel  the  stirrings  of  a  gift  divine : 
Within  "my  bosom  glows  unearthly  fire. 
Lit  by  no  skill  of  mine.'" 

I  presume  that  by  the  "  sublimest  of  poets  "  is 
meant  Milton,  but  I  do  not  remember  the  passage. 
Will  some  one  supply  the  reference  ? 

A.  AlNGER. 

[These  lines  are  by  Miss  Elizabeth  Lloyd,  of  Philadel- 
phia. The  poem,  of  which  they  are  the  concluding  lines, 
is  printed  in  "  N.  &  Q."  2n*  S.  v.  114.] 


PUBLICATION   OF  DIARIES. 

(3rd  S.  v.  107,  215.) 

I  had  quite  forgotten  that  I  ever  proposed  to 
MR.  WILKINSON  to  be  himself  the  communicator 
of  what  I  afterwards  gave  (1st  S.  xii.  142).  No 
doubt  I  wished  that  the  quotation  which  would 
be  some  amends  for  his  own  deficiency  should 
come  from  himself. 

I  have  "charged"  MR.  WILKINSON  — if  so 
trongaword  must  be  used  —  with  the  "error 
of  biographers,"  in  that  he  has  printed  Burrow's 
accusations  and  insinuations  against  men  of  whom 
little  is  known,  while  omitting  to  give  those  which 
relate  to  men  of  whom  the  public  can  better 


judge.  For  instance,  it  is  omitted  that  Burrow 
declares  the  "scoundrel"  Howe  to  be  either  a 
coward  or  traitor,  which  opinion  would  have  been 
good  means  of  estimating  the  value  of  what  he  had 
said  about  others.  MR.  WILKINSON  replies  — 

First,  that  the  omitted  portions  had  nothing  to 
do  with  mathematics  or  mathematicians.  This  is 
part  of  the  "  charge,"  which  is,  that  by  omitting 
the  slanders  on  non-mathematicians  who  were  well 
known,  MR.  WILKINSON  deprived  bis  readers  of 
their  best  means  of  judging  what  the  aspersions 
on  the  mathematicians  are  worth. 

Secondly,  that  "  allusions  "  to  Burrow's  defects 
occur  in  almost  every  page.  This  means  either 
that  MR.  WILKINSON  alludes  to  these  defects  in 
every  page ;  or  that  manifestations  of  these  de- 
fects occur  in  the  quotations  from  Burrow  him- 
self. I  am  forced  upon  the  ambiguity  by  the 
rarity  of  MR.  WILKINSON'S  own  remarks  on  Bur- 
row's "  excentricities  of  genius."  If  Burrow  be 
the  alluder  to  himself,  then  I  say  that  he  is  not 
made  to  allude  to  all  that  he  ought  to  have  al- 
luded to.  But  if  MR.  WILKINSON  refer  to  him- 
self, then  I  say  that  not  only  is  nearly  every  page 
destitute  of  any  allusion  from  him,  but  that  what 
allusions  there  are  give  no  idea  of  the  slanderer 
of  Wales  and  Lord  Howe.  For  instance,  in  the 
last  page  of  all,  Burrow  is  only  a  "  somewhat 
excentric  but  able  mathematician."  Should  MR. 
WILKINSON  deny  what  I  have  here  said,  I  will 
reprint  all  I  can  find  of  allusion  from  himself — 
little  space  will  do  it  —  and  leave  him  to  find 
more  if  he  can. 

In  the  last  paragraph,  MR.  WILKINSON  makes  a 
comparison  and  an  allusion,  both  unfortunate.  He 
says  that  no  court  of  law  he  knows  of  would  re- 
ject Burrow's  testimony  on  the  ground  alleged. 
The  jury  decides  on  testimony:  and  nothing  is 
more  common  than  to  hear  a  witness  cross-ex- 
amined as  to  what  he  said  about  B,  that  the  jury 
may  judge  of  what  he  said  about  A.  And  why? 
because  counsel  know  that  it  will  weigh  with 
the  jury.  A  man  who  swears  that  Private  Smith 
ran  away  in  the  Crimea,  would  not  gain  much 
credence  if  it  turned  up  in  cross-examination  that 
be  had  said  Wellington  ran  away  at  Waterloo. 
Next,  MR.  WILKINSON  knows  of  "  no  Syllogism  in 
formal  logic  "  which  will  "  suffice  to  prove  "  that 
because  a  man  is  occasionally  coarse,  &c.,  he  is 
not  to  be  credited  in  matters  of  mathematical 
biography.  To  understand  this  allusion,  the  reader 
must  be  informed  that  I  have  written  a  book  on 
formal  logic,  stuck  full  of  syllogisms.  Reference 
to  a  man's  own  specialty  is  a  figure  of  smartness 
which  often  succeeds,  jest  or  earnest.  "  Much 
use  your  syllogisms  are  of !  "  said  a  friend  to  me, 
as  we  ran  past  each  other  in  a  most  categorical 
shower,  without  a  halfpenny-worth  of  umbrella 
Detween  us.  But  the  smartness  must  be  of  a 
find  which  will  stand  the  action  of  acetate  of 


262 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


s.  V.  MAR.  26,  '64. 


accuracy,  or  it  does  not  tell  at  all.  No  syllogism 
of  formal  logic  "  suffices  "  to  prove  anything,  any 
more  than  a  spinning  machine  suffices  to  maki 
thread.  Both  syllogism  and  jenny  must  be  sup 
plied  with  matter,  on  the  goodness  of  which  i 
depends  whether  the  conclusion  and  the  threa( 
will  be  sound.  MR.  WILKINSON  feeds  a  form  with 
matter  which  I  had  rejected  in  express  terms 
and  presents  the  result  as  having  been  implied  b} 
me.  I  will  extract  his  material  and  put  in  my 
own.  The  form  is—  Every  Y  is  Z,  X  is  Y,  there- 
fore X  is  Z.  MB.  WILKINSON'S  compound,  im- 
plied to  be  mine,  is  —  Every  coarse,  &c.  person 
is  unworthy  of  credit  in  biography  ;  Reuben  was 
a  coarse  person,  therefore,  &c.  My  syllogism  is — 
Every  person  who  deliberately  writes  what  we 
know  to  be  slander  is  without  authority  in  mat- 
ters of  which  we  cannot  have  knowledge  ;  Reuben 
was  such  a  person,  therefore,  &c.  Burrow  calls 
Lord  Howe  a  scoundrel,  and  either  coward  or 
traitor.  We,  therefore,  pause  when  we  find  him 
applying  Bad  Words  to  a  lady  of  rank,  or  im- 
putations of  paltry  conduct  to  men  of  whom  he  is 
the  only  accuser.  I  say  that  the  publisher  of  the 
extracts  ought  to  have  enabled  his  readers  to 
make  this  pause.  A.  DE  MORGAN. 


SITUATION  OF  ZOAR. 
(3rd  S.  v.  117,  141,  181.) 

In  my  communication  on  the  site  of  Zoar,  I 
stated  my  opinion  that  the  salt  ridge  (Khasm  Us- 
dum)  was  Lot's  wife ;  and  I  now  trust  you  will 
afford  me  space  to  justify  that  opinion. 

That  the  immediate  neighbourhood  was  the 
scene  of  the  catastrophe  detailed  in  Genesis 
xix.  17— 26,  there  can  exist  little,  if  any  doubt; 
opinions  can  differ  only  as  to  the  actual  locality. 

The  statement  in  the  chapter  above  alluded  to, 
is,  not  that  she  was  transformed  into  something 
having  the  appearance  of  a  pillar  of  salt,  nor  that 
she  became  incrusted  with  saline  particles,  more 
or  less  dense ;  but  the  broad  and  simple  fact  is 
enunciated  (ver.  26)  :  "  She  became  a  pillar  of 
salt." 

When  I -returned  to  England,  after  my  Syrian 
journey,  I  was  introduced  during  a  visit  to  Cam- 
bridge to  several  of  the  Professors  ;  among  others 
the  Professor  of  Hebrew  ;  and  I  took  advantage 
of  the  opportunity  to  ask  him  what  were  the 
distinct  and  separate  significations  of  the  word 
in  Hebrew,  which  in  our  ordinary  version  is  trans- 
lated "pillar."  His  reply  was:  "A  pillar,  a 
monument,  a  mound  or  ridge"  The  last  is  pre- 
cisely and  literally  what  Khasm  Usdurn  is,— it 
can  scarcely  be  called  a  hill,  though  it  might  be 
termed  hillock  ;  but  it  exactly  fits  the  expression, 
"  ridge." 

The  learned  Professors  asked  me  how  I  could 


reconcile  my  belief  that  Khasm  Usdum  was  Lot's 
wife,  with  the  fact  which  I  gave  them,  that  in  my 
own  rough  estimate  of  dimensions  the  ridge 
was  one  and  a  half  to  two  miles  long,  north  and 
south,  as  I  estimated  from  my  camel's  pace; 
and  I  thought  an  hundred  and  fifty  feet  high. 
Exact  accuracy  of  length  or  altitude,  it  is  obvious, 
is  not  of  vital  importance ;  for,  if  only  one  mile 
long  and  fifty  feet  high,  it  would  not  much  affect 
the  argument. 

To  this  rather  staggering  cross-examination,  I 
replied:  "That  the  purpose  of  the  Almighty,  as 
far  as  our  finite  judgments  would  warrant  our 
reasoning  and  presuming  on,  was  to  exhibit  to  all 
ages  a  monument — an  example  made  of  a  wilful 
disobedience  to  His  direct  and  positive  com- 
mands ;  while,  if  we  take  her  body  to  have  been 
covered  merely  with  an  incrustation  of  salt,  a  few 
days',  nay,  hours'  rain — when,  to  judge  from  the 
ravines  and  boulders  in  all  directions,  the  showers 
are  very  heavy — would  have  immediately  washed 
it  away." 

My  powers  of  logic 'will  not  admit  any  alterna- 
tive between  a  ridge,  to  all  intents  and  purposes, 
perpetual  in  its  character,  or,  a  yearly  renewal  of 
the  miracle — I  had  almost  written  daily.  "  Utrum 
horum  mavis  accipe." 

Nor  do  I  reply  on  my  own  erring  judgment. 
Josephus  is,  I  presume,  to  be  admitted  as  trust- 
worthy.     He  amplifies   the   historical  details   of 
Scripture;    but   it   has   never    been   laid   to   his 
charge  that  he  falsifies  them. 

He  says  (Antiquities,  book  i.  chap.  xi.  para- 
graph 4),  recounting  what  took  place  1808  years 
before  the  Christian  Era:  "It  remains  to  this 
day,  and  I  have  seen  it." 

It  is  also  attested  by  Clement  of  Rome,  his 
contemporary  ;  and  in  the  next  century,  by 
[renseus. 

One  more  quotation  of  chapter  and  verse,  and 
be  it  remembered  who  is  speaking :  Luke  xix. 
32,  33.  E.  H. 


HINDU  GODS. 
(3rd  S.  v.  197.) 

I  am  tempted  to  offer  a  few  remarks  on  the 
eply  referred  to. 

Srahm  is  the  Unity  of  the  Hindu  Triad,  Brahma, 
Vishnu,  and  Siva.  Saraswathi,  and  not  Durga,  as 

cursory  reader  might  suppose,  is  the  sacti  or 
)eculiur  "  energy  "  of  Brahma,*  as  Luckshmi  is  of 
fishnu,  and  Durga,  under  her  various  names,  is 
hat  of  Siva. 

There  is  an  ancient  well  in  the  fort  of  Allaha- 
ad  (or,  as  it  is  called  by  Hindoos,  Prag),  which 
t  believed  by  the  natives  to  represent  Saraswathi, 


*  Bv  a  strange  coincidence  there  are  no  temples  in 
ndia,  so  far  as  I  am  aware,  dedicated  to  the  first  person 
f  this  Triad  or  Trinity. 


S.  V.  MAR.  26,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


263 


and  a  communication  is  said  to  exist  between  it 
and  the  confluent  rivers  Jumna  and  Ganges  : 
hence  the  peculiar  sanctity  of  this  locality,  and  its 
mystic  name  Tribeni,  or  the  three  braids,  in  allu- 
sion to  Parvati  (the  energy  of  Siva),  represented 
by  the  Ganges  ;  Luckshmi,  the  sacti  of  Vishnu,  as 
the  Jumna  and  Saraswathi  as  above. 

The  colours  of  the  gods  themselves  are  not  un- 
worthy of  note,  as  indicating  the  origin  of  these 
myths  in  the  natural  features  of  the  country  and 
its  rivers.  To  call  these  divinities  goddesses  is 
scarcely  correct,  for  they  are  in  a  great  measure 
identical  with  the  deities,  of  whom  they  are  rather 
the  active  principle  than  the  separate  agents. 

Is  it  not  an  error  to  represent  Siva  as  having 
three  eyes,  and  is  not  the  central  eye  simply  the 
Brahminical  mark? 

The  worship  of  Siva,  the  white  god,  whose  spirit 
(Narayan)  is  described  as  having  "  moved  on  the 
face  of  the  primaeval  waters,"  is  at  present,  I  be- 
lieve, paramount  in  India  ;  although  the  destroyer 
he  is  likewise  the  regenerator,  destroying  only  to 
reproduce.  His  sacti,  or  energy,  has  many  names 
according  to  her  attributes.  As  Bhawarri,  she 
seems  to  correspond  with  the  classical  Cybele. 
Parvati,  Devi,  the  warlike  Durga,  and  blood- 
stained Kali,*  are  one  and  the  same  as  regards 
their  origin. 

Vishnu  is  a  peculiar  'god  in  this  respect,  that, 
when  considered  with  reference  to  Siva,  one  per- 
ceives a  trace  of  the  idea  which  produced,  in  the 
Christian  world,  the  Gnostic  heresy. 

Care  should  be  taken  to  describe  in  their  exact 
order  the  Vishnaiva  incarnations,  as,  in  that  system 
of  cosmogony,  a  derangement  of  the  progressive 
development  would  injure  the  occult  meaning  of 
its  inventors,  and  probably  its  only  practical  value 
at  the  present  day.  There  is  something  geologi- 
cally suggestive  in  the  succession  of  incarnations  : 
(1)  a  fish,  (2)  a  tortoise,  (3)  a  boar,  (4)  a  hybrid, 
(5)  a  man,  &c. 

Krishna  or  Krishen,  the  most  important  atara 
(or  avatar),  has  been  overlooked  in  the  observa- 
tions under  discussion.  His  worship  seems  to 
have  originated  in  some  garbled  version  of  the 
New  Testament,  as,  so  far  as  I  have  read,  the 
attempts  to  give  it  a  higher  antiquity  have  utterly 
failed. 

The  tenth,  or  coming  incarnation,  of  Kalka  is  re- 
markable, first  as  regards  its  number ;  and  secondly, 
as  combining  a  seemingly  Apocalyptic  fragment, 
with  the  myth  of  the  Rhodian  Genius,  so  pleas- 
ingly explained  by  Humboldt. 

Indra  is  the  Jupiter  Tonans  of  Hindu  mytho~ 
logy,  and  to  him  is  sacred  the  beautiful  Sorna  or 
moon-plant,  from  which  the  gods  distil  their 
favourite  drink.  Kama,  the  boy-god  of  love,  is, 

*  The  goddess  of  the  Thugs,  and  whose  rites  resemble 
the  worst  features  of  the  ancient  saturnalia. 


like  his  classical  confrere,  represented  with  bow 
and  arrow ;  and  to  him  is  sacred  the  elegant 
Ipomcea  quamoclit,  or  Ishhpecha,  with  its  scarlet 
stars,  and  delicate  spider-like  leaves.* 

Ganesha  is  an  inferior  deity,  worshipped  chiefly 
by  the  commercial  classes,  and  his  images,  distin- 
guished by  elephant's  head,  are  to  be  found 
always  about  banking  establishments  and  shops. 
He  is  the  god  of  prudence  and  wisdom,  and  in 
some  other  respects  represents  the  classical  Janus. 
As  we  say  ironically  that  such  an  one  is  like  an 
owl,  in  allusion  to  the  bird  of  wisdom,  so  probably 
has  originated  the  Hindu  expression  with  refer- 
ence to  a  foolish  boaster  —  "  His  throat  is  like  an 
elephant's." 

It  would  be  tedious  perhaps  to  continue  these 
remarks,  and  therefore  I  shall  conclude  by  ven- 
turing the  suggestion  that,  profitably  to  study 
Hindu  mythology,  one  ought  not  to  confine  him- 
self to  compilations  on  this  subject,  but  should 
proceed  to  a  study  of  the  ancient  languages  of 
India,  or  at  any  rate  have  at  hand  dictionaries 
of  them,  if,  as  I  take  it,  the  study  of  mythology 
be  considered  the  pioneer  of  ethnology.  8 PAL. 


MR.  DAVIDSON  will  probably  find  much,  if  not  all, 
of  the  information  he  desires  in  the  late  Major 
Moor's  Hindu  Pantheon  (4to,  1810).  This  work  has 
been  for  many  years  very  scarce,  and  copies  which 
have  from  time  to  time  occurred  for  sale,  have 
fetched  high  prices.  A  short  time  since  the  ori- 
ginal copper-plates,  104  in  number,  came  into  the 
possession  of  Messrs.  Williams  &  Norgate,  of 
Henrietta  Street,  Covent  Garden,  who  have  pub- 
lished a  new  edition,  with  a  descriptive  index  by 
the  author's  nephew,  the  Rev.  A.  P.  Moor,  sub- 
warden  of  St.  Augustine's  College,  Canterbury. 

Q. 


THOMAS  GILBERT,  ESQ. 
(3rd  S.  v.  134.) 

He  was  B.A.  of  Trinity  College,  Oxford,  May 
25,  1733;  and  commenced  M.A.  in  this  Univer- 
sity 1737,  being  then  Fellow  of  Peterhouse. 

There  are  two  letters  to  the  Earl  of  Bute  in 
MS.  Addit.  5726  D,  ff.  222,  223,  which  are  stated 
to  be  from  Thomas  Gilbert ;  but  from  each  of 
them  the  signature  has  been  cut  off. 


*  I  have  noticed  these  flowers  merely  to  touch  on  the 
subject  of  the  use  of  peculiar  plants  in  heathen  worship. 
The  chamheli  and  peepul,  &c.,  of  India,  the  toe  fa  of  China, 
the  dog  grass  of  the  ancient  Carians,  the  rose  of  Isis,  so 
prominent  in  the  romance  of  Apuleius  —  these,  and  many 
others  more  or  less  familiar,  might  form  subjects  for  in- 
teresting discussion. 

Query.  Is  it  not  stated  by  Hugh  Miller  that  no  remains 
of  the  Rosacea  have  ever  been  found  amongst  fossils  of  a 
period  anterior  to  man  ? 


264 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES 


[3"»  S.  V.  MAR.  26,  '64. 


The  first  letter,  indorsed  with  the  date  of  May 
22,  1759,  is  in  these  terms :  — 

"  My  Lord, 

"  Having  lately  met  with  an  opportunity  of  paying 
my  Respects  to  your  Lordship,  after  so  long  an  interval, 
I  presume  to  trouble  you  with  this  letter,  which  I  should 
scarce  have  ventured  to  have  done,  had  I  not  been  En- 
couraged by  the  generous  protection  given  to  the '  Orphan 
of  China;'  which  inclines  me,  as  well  as  the  rest  of  the 
world,  to  look  upon  your  Lordship  as  the  patron  of  polite 
literature — a  noble  example  much  wanted  in  the  present 
age,  tho'  likely  to  find  but  few  followers.  Therefore,  beg 
the  favour  of  your  Lordship  to  give  me  leave  to  send  you 
a  Tragedy  called  '  Jugurtha,'  which  you  may  take  into  the 
country  with  ygu  to  peruse  at  your  leisure :  and  even 
tho'  it  should  not  be  so  fortunate  to  meet  with  your 
Lordship's  approbation,  it  will  afford  some  pleasure  to 
the  Author  to  have  the  real  opinion  of  an  impartial 
Judge.  The  place  of  my  residence  this  summer  being 
very  uncertain,  as  I  probably  may  have  occasion  to  visit 
my  Estate  in  the  North,  if  3'our  Lordship  gives  me  leave 
to  send  the  manuscripts;  at  my  return,  I  will  either  do 
myself  the  pleasure  of  waiting  on  you,  or  take  the  liberty 
of  sending  you  a  letter  in  expectation  of  an  answer, 
which  will  be  esteemed  as  a  favour 

"  by  your  Lordship's 

In  the  second  letter,  endorsed  with  the  date, 
Oct.  8,  1762,  the  writer  expresses  his  rapture  at 
being  permitted  to  lay  his  book  at  his  Majesty's 
feet ;  and  says  that,  if  his  Lordship  approved  of 
the  work,  the  author  might  venture  to  print  it. 

Each  of  these  letters  is  marked  "  Ignotus,"  pro- 
bably in  the  handwriting  of  the  Earl  of  Bute. 

The  allusion  in  the  first  of  these  letters  to  the 
writer's  estate  in  the  north,  seems  to  indicate 
Thomas  Gilbert,  of  Skinningrave  to  have  been 
the  author. 

One  Thomas  Gilbert,  Esq.,  died  at  Kingsland, 
near  London,  Oct.  13,  1771  (Gent.  Mag.,  xli.  475). 
This  may  have  been  the  gentleman  who  had  been 
Fellow  of  Peterhouse. 

There  was  another  Thomas  Gilbert,  Esq.,  who 
was  M.P.forNewcastle-under-Lyne,  andLichfield, 
chairman  of  the  Committee  of  Ways  and  Means, 
and  for  some  time  Comptroller  of  the  Great  Ward- 
robe. He  acquired  honourable  distinction  by  his 
efforts  to  amend  the  poor  laws,  and  even  yet  some 
of  his  legislative  measures  are  cited  by  his  name. 
He  died  Dec.  18,  1798,  aet.  seventy-nine.  (As  to 
him,  see  Gent.  Mag.,  xxxi.  603;  xxxii.  45  ;  xxxiii. 
203  ;  Ixviii.  1090,  1146.  Nichols's  Lit.  Anecdotes. 
ix.  203 ;  and  Watt's  Bill.  Brit.,  where,  however, 
he  is  confounded  with  a  naval  captain  of  the  same 
name.) 

It  may  here  be  noted,  that  Dr.  Gloucester  Kid- 
ley  was  author  of  an  unpublished  tragedy,  entitled 
*  Jugurtha'  (Gent.  Mag.,  xliv.  555). 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 


CROMWELL'S  HEAD. 
(3rd  S.  v.  119,178.) 

I  promised  to  supply  some  further  particulars 
respecting  the  head  supposed  to  be  that  of  Crom- 
well, now  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  Wilkinson,  but 
am  diverted  from  the  course  I  intended  to  pursue 
by  the  remarks  of  WILLIAM  PINKERTON.  I  can- 
not but  think  that  if  your  correspondent  had 
looked  carefully  over  the  several  articles  which  • 
have  appeared  in  "  N.  &  Q."  he  would  have 
adopted  a  tone  more  respectful  to  those  who, 
after  much  examination  of  the  head,  and  of  the 
documents  relating  to  it,  have  arrived  at  the  con- 
clusion that  there  is  strong,  if  not  conclusive  evi- 
dence, that  the  head  is  genuine.  MR.  PINKERTON 
reproves  the  loose  method  of  statement  adopted 
by  some  writers,  and  immediately  falls  into  the 
same  error  himself;  and  after  occupying  above 
three  columns  of  your  valuable  space,  he  tells  us 
that  the  subject  is  "  beneath  criticism."  I  sub- 
mit, on  the  contrary,  that  the  subject  is  one  not 
unworthy  of  candid  and  patient  investigation. 

It  "is  anything  but  good  taste  to  employ  the 
designation  "  the  Wilkinson  head."  Mr.  Wilkin- 
son is  a  high-minded  and  honourable  gentleman, 
who  does  not  ostentatiously  display  the  head,  nor 
prefer  any  claim  respecting  it ;  nor  to  my  know- 
ledge has  he  ever  expressed  an  opinion  as  to  its 
genuineness.  He  gives  the  history  very  much  as 
I  have  given  it  (3rd  S.  v.  180),  and  just  as  freely 
reports  the  opinions  of  one  side  as  he  does  those 
of  the  other.  He  has  no  interest  in  it  beyond  that 
of  arriving  at  the  truth  in  a  matter  which  has 
excited  much  curiosity ;  and  no  living  person  can 
have  any  other  motive  but  the  very  laudable  one 
of  settling  a  point  of  dispute  which  unquestion- 
ably has  an  historical  value.  In  fact,  no  one  with 
whom  I  am  acquainted  has  written  or  spoken  in 
reference  to  it  in  so  dogmatic  a  spirit  as  MR. 
PINKERTON  himself.  I  must  trouble  you  with  a 
few  remarks  on  his  article. 

MR.  PINKERTON  confounds  the  rnisstatements 
of  the  writer  in  The  Queen  newspaper  with  the 
statements  of  those  who  have  carefully  examined 
the  documentary  evidence.  This  is  not  very 
logical,  to  say  the  least  of  it.  Whatever  may  be 
the  defects  of  the  testimony  offered,  it  has  been 
consistent  throughout.  Temple  Bar  is  an  error 
of  Mr.  Buckland's,  as  I  have  shown  ;  and  I  have 
never  heard  any  other  place  named  than  West- 
minster Hall  until  I  saw  the  extract  in  "  N.  &  Q." 
(3rd  S.  v.  119).  The  value  of  the  documents  in 
the  possession  of  Mr.  Wilkinson  are  not  impaired 
because  Mr.  Buckland,  along  with  other  errors, 
has  substituted  Temple  Bar  for  Westminster  Hall. 
MR.  PINKERTON,  after  making  much  of  this  mis- 
take, then  tells  us  that  to  his  certain  knowledge, 
there  are  "  many  others  "  i.  e.  heads  of  Cromwell. 
I  should  have  expected  from  so  keen  a  critic 


3'd  S.  V.  MAR.  26,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


265 


more  precision  in  language.  Many  may  mean 
any  number  from  six  to  a  thousand.  Without 
asking  him  for  numerical  exactness,  perhaps  he 
will  tell  us  somewhere  about  the  number.  He 
says  also  that,  "almost  every  penny  show  had 
its  real,  actual,  old,  original,  identical  Cromwell's 
head."  As  penny  shows  have  always  been  very 
numerous,  the  heads  must  of  course  have  been 
very  numerous  also.  I  object  to  such  statements 
as  gross  exaggerations.  I  do  not  think  that 
MR.  PINKERTON  can  show  more  than  two  or  three 
cases  where  heads  of  Cromwell  have  been  ex- 
hibited in  what  he  would  call  penny  shows.  But 
suppose  he  could  show  that  a  hundred  heads  had 
been  exhibited,  what  then  ?  It  would  prove  that 
ninety-nine  must  be  spurious,  but  it  does  not 
prove  that  one  out  of  the  hundred  might  not  be 
the  genuine  head ;  much  less  does  it  prove  that 
the  head  in  question  may  not  be  the  head  of  the 
Protector. 

MR.  PINKERTON  then  says,  "  The  Wilkinson 
head,  we  are  told,  has  never  been  publicly  ex- 
hibited for  money."  Who  has  told  us  so  ?  Every 
authentic  account  of  it  has  stated  the  contrary. 
The  history,  of  which  I  have  given  an  abstract, 
distinctly  states  that  it  was  twice  exhibited  for 
money ;  first  by  Mr.  Samuel  Russell,  and  after- 
wards by  the  persons  who  purchased  it  of  Mr. 
Cox.  The  head  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  Wilkin- 
son is  evidently  that  which  was  advertised  in  the 
Morning  Chronicle,  March  18th,  1799;  so  that  it 
is  not  clear  "that  there  are  two  embalmed  heads." 

The  writer  in  the  Phrenological  Journal  was 
Donovan,  not  O'Donovan.  It  is  necessary  to  be 
correct  in  names. 

The  only  point  of  value  in  MR.  PINKERTON'S 
article  is  in  relation  to  the  embalming.  The  head 
in  question  has  been  embalmed,  and  no  doubt 
embalmed  before  death.  If,  therefore,  MR.  PIN- 
KERTON, can  show  that  the  head  of  Cromwell  was 
not  embalmed,  it  is  at  once  disposed  of.  I  con- 
fess that  it  is  strange  that  Dr.  Bate  does  not  men- 
tion it ;  but  is  that  so  conclusive  as  MR.  PINKER- 
TON  supposes  ?  I  am  imperfectly  acquainted  with 
the  process  of  embalming,  but  believe  that  it  was 
the  practice  to  commence  with  the  head ;  if  so, 
Dr.  Bate  might  not  refer  to  what  was  a  matter  of 
course,  but  confine  himself  to  a  description  of 
that  portion  of  the  embalming  which  created  the 
difficulty,  and  which  he  was  obliged  partially  to 
abandon.  The  question  raised  is,  however,  of 
much  importance,  and  may  help  our  inquiry. 
>  In  relation  to  the  illustrative  anecdote,  I  be- 
lieve that  no  such  lecture  has  been  delivered  as 
that  referred  to  by  MR.  PINKERTON,  nor  has  the 
head  been  used  for  any  such  purpose  while  in  the 
possession  of  .Mr.  Wilkinson.  It  would  be  a  pity 
to  drag  the  name  of  such  a  simpleton  as  the  lec- 
turer before  the  public,  if  such  ever  existed  ;  and 
I  respectfully  suggest  that  MR.  PJNKERTON  might 


have  spared  us  the  repetition  of  such  a  piece  of 
puerility.  ^  MR.  PINKERTON  has  gone  into  the 
whole  subject  in  a  spirit  of  trifling,  and  one  not 
calculated  to  lead  to  any  profitable  result. 

What  are  the  facts?  A.  head  is  in  existence, 
which  has  become  the  property  of  Mr.  Wilkinson, 
by  a  series  of  circumstances  perfectly  clear,  con- 
nected, and  intelligible,  accompanied  by  docu- 
ments which  tend  to  prove  that  it  is  the  head  of 
Cromwell.  It  is  not  offered  to  us  by  a  showman 
to  make  money,  nor  by  any  enthusiastic  antiquary. 
It  comes  to  us  without  any  flourish  of  trumpets 
or  rhetoric,  not  by  any  act  of  the  owner,  but  from 
information  afforded  by  others,  who,  by  Mr.  Wil- 
kinson's courtesy,  have  been  permitted  to  examine 
it.  All  the  facts  in  relation  to  it  agree,  and  agree 
with  the  first  loss  of  the  head  from  the  top  of 
Westminster  Hall.  Very  many  have  arrived  at 
the  conclusion  that  the  evidence  greatly  prepon- 
derates in  favour  of  its  genuineness.  It  is  no 
answer  to  all  this  to  say  that  there  have  been 
"  many "  heads  put  forth  as  those  of  Cromwell, 
nor  that  various  and  varying  statements  have  been 
made  by  those  who  have  seen  it  or  heard  of  it. 
The  logical  inquirer  will  go  back  to  the  original 
documents  themselves  —  to  the  first  link  in  the 
chain  of  evidence  —  and  by  separating  the  true 
from  the  false,  and  eliminating  the  irrelevant,  form 
his  own  conclusions  upon  the  whole. 

I  have  some  other  facts  to  supply,  if  the  sub- 
ject be  not  already  wearisome  to  your  readers. 

T.  B. 

I  am  reminded  of  a  passage  in  the  Relations 
Historiques  et  Curieuses  de  Voyages  of  Charles 
Patin  (Lyons,  1674).  This  writer  says  :  — 

"  London  Bridge  has  nothing  extraordinary  but  its 
spectacle,  which  is  as  frightful  as  has  ever  been  reared  to 
the  memory  of  crime.  You  see  there  impaled  upon  a 
tower  the  heads  of  those  execrable  parricides  of  Majesty. 
It  seems  that  horror  animates  them,  and  that  their 
punishments,  which  still  (toujours)  continue,  force  them 
to  eternal  repentance.  Those  of  their  chiefs,  Cromwell, 
Ireton,  his  son-in-law,  and  Bradshaw,  are  upon  the  great 
edifice  called  the  Parliament,  in  sight  of  the  whole  citv. 
You  cannot  look  at  them  without  turning  pale,  and  with- 
out imagining  that  they  are  going  to  utter  these  ter- 
rible words,"  &c.— P.  168,  in  Letter  3,  dated  Oct.  1671. 

B.  H.  C. 

The  late  Mr.  Joseph  Hunter  told  me,  but  I 
sillily  "  made  no  note  "  of  it,  that  in  a  diary  of 
the  time,  some  one  said  that,  being  in  Ked  Lion 
Square,  he  saw  the  mob  dragging  about  the  head 
of  the  late  Protector,  and  that  it  was  rescued  from 
the  mob  by  a  surgeon  who  lived  there. 

I  wish  to  add  that  a  Puritan  surgeon,  named 
Heathcote,  lived  in  Red  Lion  Square,  or  Kings- 
gate  Street,  at  the  time,  and  that  he  had  a  brother 
in  the  service  of  Ireton.  This  surgeon  left  an 
only  daughter,  who  married  a  Puritan  cutler  at 


266 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  MAR.  26,  '64. 


Sheffield,  named  Fletcher.  The  late  Mr.  James 
Montgomery,  of  Sheffield,  on  one  occasion  asked 
his  friend  Mr.  Holland  "  What  has  become  of 
Oliver  Cromwell's  head  ?  "  and  related  that,  when 
he  first  came  to  Sheffield,  a  head  so  described 
was  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  Wilson  in  Pond 
Street.  This  was  about  1788. 

Imagination  can  easily  forge  a  chain  of  history 
out  of  these  facts ;  so  easily,  that  I  need  say  no  more 
except  that  the  story  is  related  somewhere  in 
Mr  Hunter's  MSS.  now  in  the  British  Museum. 

H.  I.  H. 


RELIABLE. 
(3rd  S.  v.  58,  85,  &c.) 

That  there  are  forcible  objections  to  this  word 
appears  to  be  evident  to  a  large  number  both  of 
writers  for  the  press  and  others.  It  has  not  come 
to  be  regarded  with  general  favour,  but  holds 
much  the  same  position  in  the  language  as  the 
verb  to  progress,  which  most  persons  who  are  care- 
ful as  to  their  style  avoid.  But  the  true  reason 
why  it  is  not  a  word  of  just  English  formation,  I 
have  not  seen  fully  and  clearly  given.  I  would 
state  my  objection  to  it  thus :  When  the  passive 
voice  of  a  verb  can  be  used  without  a  preposition 
attached  to  it,  it  is  practicable,  si  volet  usus,  to 
form  from  it  an  adjective  ending  in  able  or  ible ; 
but  if  a  preposition  necessarily  adheres  to  the 
verb  in  the  passive  voice,  the  formation  of  such 
adjectives  is  not  allowable.  Thus  from  the  active 
"  people  credit  the  story,"  we  form  the  passive 
"  the  story  is  credited,"  and  can  say  "  the  story 
is  credible."  So  from  "  to  justify,"  "to  be  jus- 
tified," "justifiable."  But  from  "we  depend  on 
the  man,"  "  the  man  is  to  be  depended  on,"  we 
cannot  form  the  adjective  "  dependable " ;  nor 
from.  "  to  trust  in,"  "  to  be  trusted  in,"  can  we 
form  "  trustable."  If  we  would  form,  words  in 
able  and  ible  from  such  verbs,  we  must  take  in 
the  preposition,  as  in  the  odd  words,  sometimes 
jestingly  used  in  common  conversation,  come-at- 
able,  get-at-able.  Similarly,  from  "  to  be  relied 
on,"  "  to  be  depended  on,"  we  should  say  relion- 
able,  dependonable.  Also,  if  we  want  an  adjective 
from  "  to  get  on,"  with  reference  to  a  horse,  we 
must  say  "  the ;  horse  is  get-on-able;"  and  if  an 
adjective  from  "  to  put  on,"  with  reference  to  a 
man's  hat,  we  must  say  "  the  hat  is  put-on-able ; 
not  the  horse  is  getable,  or  the  hat  is  putable. 

All  this  being  so  evident,  I  sincerely  hope  that 
the  word  "reliable"  will  be  at  length  excluded 
from  the  pages  of  our  newspapers  and  magazines, 
and  especially  from  all  books  that  wish  to  take  an 
honourable  place  in  English  literature. 

"  Disposable,"  which  has  been  adduced  to  sup- 
port "  reliable,"  has  been  tolerated  because  we 
can  use  the  verb  "  to  dispose  "  with  or  without 


a  preposition  after  it.  We  say  "  things^are  dis- 
posed in  order,"  and  consequently,  "  things  are 
disposable  in  order";  and  hence  "disposable" 
has  been  applied  by  attorneys,  auctioneers,  and 
others,  to  property  which  way  be  disposed  of.  This 
use  of  the  word  is,  as  I  say,  tolerated,  but  is 
certainly  not  to  be  approved.  PHILOCALUS. 


THE  MISSES  YOUNG. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  417.) 

A  strong  ray  of  light  is  shed  upon  the  question 
of  the  parentage  of  these  ladies  by  the  statements 
contained  in  a  Memoir  of  Barthelemon,  the  vio* 
linist,  compiled  by  his  daughter  (with  the  aid  of 
Dr.  Busby),  and  prefixed  to  some  selections  from 
her  father's  oratorio  Jefte  in  Mas/a,  which  she 
published  in  1827. 

Barthelemon,  it  is  stated,  was  married  in  1766 
to  Mary  Young,  the  vocalist,  who  is  described  as 
the  "great-granddaughter  of  Anthony  Young" 
(for  whom  the  composition  of  the  popular  tune, 
"  God  save  the  King  "  is  claimed),  and  also  as  the 
niece  of  Mrs.  Arne  and  Mrs.  Lampe.  She  is  fur- 
ther described  as  "  a  daughter  of  Charles  Young, 
Esq.,  a  senior  clerk  in  the  Treasury,  and'sister  to 
Isabella  Young,  who  was  married  to  the  Hon. 
John  Scott,  brother  of  the  fourth  and  last  Earl  of 
Deloraine."  We  are  further  informed  that  Mrs. 
Barthelemon  was  brought  up  by  her  aunt,  Mrs. 
Arne  (Cecilia  Young),  who,  in  her  latter  years, 
became  an  inmate  of  Barthelemon's  house,  and  so 
continued  until  her  death.  These  circumstances 
must  have  afforded  the  memoir-writer  opportuni- 
ties of  becoming  well  acquainted  with  the  family 
pedigree,  and  her  statements  are,  on  that  account, 
I  think,  entitled  to  consideration. 

The  mystification  as  to  the  Young  family  has 
extended  to  other  writers  besides  the  two  musical 
historians.  Lysons,  recording  the| appearance  of 
the  Hon.  Mrs.  Scott  at  the  Music  Meeting  at 
Gloucester  in  1763  (History  of  the  Meetings  oj 
the  Three  Choirs,  193),  describes  her  as  "the 
Hon.  Mrs.  Scott,  formerly  Isabella  Young,  daugh- 
ter of  the  organist  of  Catherine-Cree  church,  a 
mezzo-soprano  voice."  Yet  the  distinction  be- 
tween the  two  Misses  Isabella  Young  is  perfectly 
clear.  The  first,  probably  soon  after  October, 
1737,  but  certainly  in  the  following  year,  was 
married  to  Lampe  the  composer,  and  always  after- 
wards appeared  under  her  married  name.  She 
was  left  a  widow  in  July,  1751.  The  second 
came  out  in  1751  at  a  concert  given  on  March 
18th,  "at  the  New  Theatre  in  the  Haymarket" 
"  at  the  Desire -of  several  Ladies  of  Quality.  For 
the  Benefit  of  Miss  Isabella  Young,  a  Scholar  of 
Mr.  Waltz,  who  never  appeared  before  in  Pub- 
lick." 


3"*  S.  V.  MAK.  26,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


267 


I  think,  under  all  the  circumstances,  it  is  war- 
rantable to  assume  that  the  pedigree  of  the  Young 
family  stands  thus :  —  Anthony  Young,  succes- 
sively organist  of  St.  Clement  Danes  and  St.  Ca- 
therine-Cree  church,  was  father  of  Charles  Young, 
organist  of  Allhallows  Barking,  who  was  father 
of°the  three  Misses  Young— Cecilia  (Mrs.  Arne), 
Isabella  (Mrs.  Latnpe),  and  Esther  (Mrs.  Jones); — 
and  also  of  Charles  Young,  the  clerk  in  the  Trea- 
sury, who  was  the  father  of  Isabella  (Mrs.  Scott) 
and  Mary  (Mrs.  Barthelemon). 

Should  this  be  so,  Sir  John  Hawkins's  account 
is  correct ;  and  there  is  one  thing  in  Dr.  Burney's 
account  which  seems  confirmatory  of  it  —  viz. 
his  description  of  St.  Catherine-Cree  church  as 
situated  "near  the  Tower."  Now,  that  church 
is  really  situated  on  the  north  side  of  Leadenhall 
Street,  at  some  distance  from  the  Tower,  whilst 
the  church  of  Allhallows  Barking,  is  situated  in 
Tower  Street,  almost  contiguous  to  Tower  Hill. 
Burney  has  evidently  confounded  Anthony  with 
Charles  Young. 

The  fact  of  John  Frederick  Lampe's  son  having 
borne  in  addition  to  the  baptismal  names  of  his 
father  that  of  Charles  (3rd  S.  v.  185)  strengthens 
the  supposition  of  his  mother's  having  been  the 
daughter  of  Charles  Young. 

Can  any  correspondent  furnish  evidence  on  the 
point  which  I  am  compelled  to  rest  on  conjec- 
ture— the  relationship  between  the  two  organists 
Anthony  and  Charles  Young  ?  W.  H.  HUSK. 


A  BULL  OF  BURKE'S  (3rd  S.  v.  212.) —  The 
passage  here  quoted  is  plainly  what  Carlyle  calls 
"  clotted  nonsense,"  taken  by  itself,  and  as  it  has 
been  handed  down  to  us  :  and  it  would  be  so  no 
less,  even  if  the  word  "  different "  was  omitted. 
It  is  evident  that  "  parts  of  the  same  whole  "  are 
the  parts  which  make  up  that  whole ;  and  they 
cannot  possibly  be  identical,  either  with  each 
other  or  with  the  whole.  Two  joints  may  make 
up  a  tail,  and  they  may  be  so  exactly  alike  as  to 
be  undistinguishable,  but  they  are  not  identical. 

At  first  sight  it  is  difficult  not  to  suppose  that 
Burke  was  alluding  to  Hooker's  well-known 
theory,  and  that  the  second  clause  is  a  confused 
and  inaccurate  way  of  saying  that  the  Church  and 
the  State  are  "  the  same  whole  looked  at  in  two 
different  aspects."  But  this  is  perhaps  made,  not 
more,  but  less  clear,  if  we  take  the  whole  passage 
together  :  — 

"  An  alliance  between  Church  and  State  in  a  Christian 
Commonwealth  is,  in  my  opinion,  an  idle  and  a  fanciful 
speculation.  An  alliance  is  between  two  things  that  are 
in  their  nature  distinct  and  independent,  such  as  between 
two  sovereign  states.  But  in  a  Christian  Commonwealth 
the  Church  and  the  State  are  one  and  the  same  thing, 
being  different  integral  parts  of  the  same  whole.  For  " 
(the  italic  is  mine)  "  the  Church  has  been  always  divided 
into  two  parts,  the  Clergy  and  the  Laity :  of  which  the 


Laity  is  as  much  an  essential  integral  part,  and  has  as 
much  its  duties  and  its  privileges,  as  the  Clerical  member." 

The  whole  seems  to  me  inconsequent,  especially 
the  last  sentence  as  connected  with  what  precedes. 
I  leave  it,  however,  to  the  consideration  of  your 
readers  :  only  suggesting  the  probability  that  it  is 
not  what  Burke  really  said,  or  deliberately  wrote. 

It  is  at  p.  44  of  the  10th  vol.  of  the  edition  of 
1818:  of  which  the  editor  (Bishop  King  of  Ro- 
chester) says  (Introd.  to  vol.  x.,  pp.  vi.  vii.  and 
note  before  p.  2),  that  the  notes  from  which  the 
speeches  were  printed  were  detached  fragments, 
and  in  a  very  confused  and  illegible  state. 

LlTTELTON. 

JUDICIAL  COMMITTEE  OF  PBIVY  COUNCIL  (3rd 
S.  v.  193.)  —  The  Act  of  3  &  4  Will.  IV.  c.  41, 
added  to  the  Privy  Council  a  body  entitled  "  The 
Judicial  Committee  of  the  Privy  Council,"  con- 
sisting of  the  Keeper  of  the  Great  Seal,  the  Chief 
Justice  of  the  King's  Bench  and  of  the  Common 
Pleas,  the  Master  of  the  Rolls,  the  Vice- Chan- 
cellor, the  Chief  Baron  of  the  Exchequer,  the 
Judges  of  the  Prerogative  Court  of  Canterbury 
and  of  the  High  Court  of  Admiralty,  the  Chief 
Judge  of  the  Bankruptcy  Court,  and  all  members 
of  the  Privy  Council  who  have  been  presidents  of 
it,  or  have  held  the  office  of  chancellor,  or  any  of 
the  before-named  offices.  Power  is  also  given  to 
the  king  by  his  sign  manual  to  appoint  any  two 
other  persons  who  are  privy  councillors  to  be 
members  of  this  committee.  (Penny  Cyclo.  xix. 
24.)  The  general  duties  of  privy  councillors  are 
to  be  found  in  Blackstone  (i.  230,  231.)  In  the 
Gorham  case,  the  two  archbishops  and  the  bishop 
of  London  were  summoned  to  be  present  as  as- 
sessors. (Memoirs  of  Bishop  Blomfield,  ii.  114.) 
The  unsuccessful  efforts  made  in  1848  to  1850  by 
the  Bishop  of  London  to  amend  the  Act  of  1833, 
quoad  "  questions  of  doctrine  and  points  of  faith," 
are  recorded  in  Bishop  Blow-field's  Memoirs.  (Vol. 
ii.  ch.  vi.). 

There  is  a  registrar  attached  to  this  Judicial 
Committee,  to  whom  matters  may  be  referred,  as 
in  chancery  to  a  master.  As  to  the  summoning 
officer,  he  must  be  under  sufficient  control  to 
prevent  him,  for  example,  selecting  Mr.  Glad- 
stone or  Mr.  D'Israeli,  in  the  Gorham  case,  in- 
stead of  Archbishops  and  Bishops,  in  aid  of  the 
Privy  Council.  The  clerk  to  the  Privy  Council 
issues  summonses  by  himself  or  a  subordinate,  at 
the  instance  of  the  President,  and  under  the 
authority  of  the  Sovereign.  .  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

THE  Moz ARABIC  LITURGY  (3rd  S.  v.  193.)— 
The  following  is  the  passage  in  Ford's  Handbook 
for  Spain,  referred  to  by  your  correspondent, 
FRED.  E.  TOYNE  :  —  "  The  prayers  and  collects 
are  so  beautiful,  that  many  have  been  adopted  in 
our  Prayer  Book."  (Part  n.  p.  791,  ed.  London, 


268 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  MAR.  26,  '64. 


1855.)  In  answer  to  Mr.  TOYNE'S  inquiry,  I 
believe  that  Mr.  Ford  is  not  correct  in  his  state- 
ment. I  have  examined  the  Mozarabic  Liturgy, 
such  as  it  is  given  in  Robles  and  in  Dr.  Hefele's 
Life  of  Cardinal  Ximenez,  but  I  can  observe  no 
similarity  between  the  collects  of  the  Book  of 
Common  Prayer  and  the  Mozarabic  Liturgy.  It 
is,  however,  true,  that  some  of  the  collects  and 
prayers  in  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  seem  to 
have  been  taken  from  the  Roman  Missal.  Though 
the  ancient  Liturgy  of  the  Spanish  church  agrees, 
in  all  essential  points,  with  the  Roman  Liturgy, 
yet  there  is  a  considerable  difference  in  the  prayers 
and  collects.  Robles  is  the  great  authority  on  the 
Mozarabic  Rite ;  his  work  is  entitled,  Compendia 
de  la  Vida  y  Hazaiias  del  Cardenal  Don  Fray 
Franci&co  Ximenez  de  Cisneros ;  y  del  Oficio  y 
Missa  Muzarabe  (Toledo,  1604).  I  possess  a 
copy  of  this  scarce  volume.  The  original  edition 
of  the  Mozarabic  Liturgy  was  published  by  Car- 
.dinal  Ximenes  in  1500.  A  reprint  appeared  at 
Rome,  edited  by  the  learned  Jesuit,  F.  Lesley,  in 
1755 ;  and  another  edition  was  published  in  1770,  in 
Mexico,  by  the  Archbishop  Lorenzana,  who  after- 
wards became  Archbishop  of  Toledo,  in  Spain. 

J.  D  ALT  ON. 

Norwich. 

The  resemblance  or  identity  of  the  English, 
French,  and  Spanish  Collects  in  their  several 
liturgies  does  not  arise  from  any  one  of  them 
copying  the  other,  but  from  all  of  them  being 
derived  from  a  common  source. 

"  Many  believe,"  says  Wheatly,  "  that  the  collects 
were  first  framed  by  St.  Jerome.  It  is  certain  that  Gela- 
sius,  who  was  bishop  of  Rome,  A.D.  492,  ranged  the  col- 
lects, which  were  then  used,  into  order,  and  added  some 
new  ones  of  his  own  (Comber,  Hist.  Liturg.  part  ii. 
§  14,  p.  68) ;  which  office  was  again  corrected  by  Pope 
Gregory  the  Great  in  the  year  600,  whose  Sacramentary 
contains  most  of  the  collects  we  now  use.  But  our  re- 
formers observing  that  some  of  these  collects  were  after- 
wards corrupted  by  superstitious  alterations  and"  additions, 
and  that  others  were  quite  left  out  of  the  Roman  Missals 
and  entire  new  ones,  relating  to  their  present  innova- 
tions, added  in  their  room,  they  therefore  examined  every 
collect  strictly,  and  where  they  found  any  of  them  cor- 
rupted, there  they  corrected  them ;  where  any  new  ones 
had  been  inserted,  they  restored  the  old  ones ;  and  lastly, 
the  Restoration,  every  collect  was  again  reviewed, 
when  whatsoever  was  deficient  was  supplied,  and  all  that 
was  but  improperly  expressed,  rectified."  (Wheatly's 
Book  of  Common  Prayer.,  ch.  v.  7.  §  2.) 

T.  J.    BUCKTON. 

There  is  not  a  single  collect  of  Mozarabic 
origin  in  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer..  Dr.  Neale 
has  pointed  out  the  hopeless  error  and  confusion 
of  the  passage  concerning  the  Mozarabic  rite  in 
Ford's  Handbook  of  Spain.  For  the  fullest  in- 
formation Concerning  the  Spanish  collects  and 
their  relation  to  those  of  other  Western  offices, 
Dr.  Neale's  Essays  on  Liturgiology  may  profitably 
be  consulted.  A  LONDON  PRIEST. 


NICJEAN  BARKS  (3rd  S.  iii.  8,  287.) — I  think 
the  conjecture  of  your  correspondent  DUBITANS 
extremely  probable ;  but,  this  being  granted,  I 
must  observe  that  these  boats  conveyed  Alexan- 
der himself,  with  the  main  body  of  his  army,  down 
the  Indus  to  its  mouth  ;  whence  they  accompanied 
him,  along  the  sea-coast  of  Mekkran  and  Hermaus, 
to  the  Persian  Gulf,  where  he  considered  himself 
at  home.  The  division  under  Craterus,  with  the 
heavy  baggage,  elephants,  and  women  (I  beg  the 
ladies'  pardons),  was  sent  by  a  more  inland  route, 
through  Beloochistan  and  Sei'stan;  and  did  not 
rejoin  Alexander  till  he  had  nearly,  or  quite, 
reached  the  Gulf.  See  Arrian's  Expeditio  Alex- 
andri,  and  Vincent  (Dean),  On  the  Commerce  and 
Navigation  of  the  Ancients,  where  the  line  of  march, 
supposed  to  have  been  pursued  by  Craterus,  is 
traced  on  the  second  map  (vol.  i.  edit.  1807).  My 
copy  of  Arrian  (Venice,  1535,)  is  not  paged.  It 
was  an  arduous  undertaking,  before  the  invention 
of  the  compass,  to  traverse  those  wild  and  desert 
countries  ;  which,  even  now,  are  almost  unknown 
to  Europeans.  But  Craterus  was  considered  the 
most  intelligent  of  Alexander's  generals. 

As  for  the  navigation  of  the  fleet,  from  the 
mouth  of  the  Indus  to  the  Persian  Gulf,  our 
sailors  are  at  a  loss  to  explain  how  it  could  be 
performed  during  the  south-west  monsoon. 

It  is  plain  that  Craterus  did  not  embark  at  all ; 
excepting  once  to  cross  the  Indus,  and  afterwards 
to  recross  it.  See  Vincent,  vol.  i.  p.  141,  &c. 

W.D. 

FITZ- JAMES  (3rd  S.  v.  202.)— The  motto  of  the 
Due  de  Fitz- James,  according  to  the  Annuaire  de 
la  Nollesse  for  1843,  is  "  1689  semper  et  ubique 
fidelis  1789."  H.  S.  G. 

HEMING  OF  WORCESTER  (3rd  S.  v.  173.)  — Al- 
though I  cannot  exactly  identify  the  Brewer 
mentioned  by  C.  J.  R.,  I  think  it  is  probable  that 
he  was  a  member  of  a  civic  family  of  that  name, 
who  bore  for  arms—"  Or  on  a  'jhev.  between  three 
lions'  heads  sa.  as  many  pheons  .  .  .'*  These 
arms  are  assigned  by  Edmondson  to  Hewing  of 
London,  "descended  from  Worcestershire,"  and 
were  borne  by  John  Heining,  mayor  of  Worcester, 
in  1677.  The  surname  is  not  uncommon  in  this 
county.  One  of  the  name,  Richard  Hemming, 
of  Bentley  Manor,  was  high  sheriff  in  the  past 
year ;  and  Walter  Chamberlain  Hemming,  his 
brother,  was  also  sheriff  in  1859.  To  the  late 
father  of  these  gentlemen,  William  Hemming  of 
Fox  Lydiate  House,  was  granted,  in  1846  (the 
year  of  his  shrievalty),  a  coat  of  arms  founded  on 
the  one  I  have  just  described,  viz.  Arg.  on  a  chev. 
engrailed,  azure,  between  three  lions'  heads  erased 
gu.,  an  ostrich  with  wings  endorsed  of  the  first, 
in  the  beak  a  key,  between  two  pheons  or.  And 
for  crest,  An  eagle  arg.  charged  on  breast  with  a 
pheon,  supporting  a  shield,  erm. ;  thereon  a  pale 


S.  V.  MAR.  26,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


269 


azure,  charged  with  three  leopards'  faces  or; 
being  the  arms  of  Chamberlain,  of  which  family 
also  the  ostrich  and  key  is  the  crest :  so  that  this 
coat  is  a  combination  of  the  two  coats  of  Heming 
and  Chamberlin.  H.  S.  G. 

WOLFE,  GARDENER  TO  HENRY  VIII.  (3rd  S.  v. 
194.) — The  following  occurs  amongst  the  month's 
wages  in  October,  2  Edw.  VI.,  paid  by  Sir  Wil- 
liam Cavendish,  Knt.,  Treasurer  of  the  King's 
Chamber :  — 

"  Item,  to  sir  John  Wulfe,  preist,  maker  and  deviser  of 
the  Kinge's  herbors  and  plantes  of  grafts,  xx»  viijd." — 
Trevelyan  Papers,  ii.  15. 

My  attention  was  drawn  to  this  entry  shortly 
after  I  had  dispatched  my  query,  which  it  seems 
completely  to  answer  except  as  regards  the  date, 
1524,  named  by  Cole.  S.  Y.  K. 

ARMS  OF  WILLIAMS  (3rd  S.  v.  175.)  —  I  do  not 
think  B,.  P.  W.  is  correct  in  plaqing  a  query  to 
these  bearings.  Saxons'  or  Englishmen's  heads  is 
right.  There  is  some  legend  connected  with  the 
arms,  which  I  cannot  exactly  call  to  mind. 

H.  S.  G. 

EPIGRAM  ON  INFANCY  (3rd  S.  v.  195.)  —  The 
translation  of  the  beautiful  epigram  from  the 
Arabic,  by  Sir  William  Jones,  is  cited  by  Whately, 
in  his  Rhetoric,  as  an  example  of  perfect  anti- 
thesis (part  in.  chap.  ii.  §  14).  There  is  another 
version  of  it,  but  not  nearly  so  good,  in  the  An- 
thologia  Oxoniensis,  attributed  to  Carlyle,  which 
I  transcribe  :  — 

"  When  born,  in  tears  we  saw  thee  drowned, 
Whilst  thy  assembled  friends  around 

With  smiles  their  joy  confest : 
So  live  that  in  thy  latest  hour 
We  may  the  floods  of  sorrow  pour, 
And  thou  in  smiles  be  drest." 

From  the  Arabic,  p.  18. 

The  following  translation  into  Latin  verse,  from 
the  pen  of  Lord  Grenville,  accompanies  it :  — 

"  INFANS. 
"  Dum  tibi  yix  nato  laeti  risere  parentes 

Vagitu  implebas  tu  lacrymisque  domum  : 
Sic  vivas  ut  summa  tibi  cum  venerit  hora, 
Sit  ridere  tuum,  sit  lacrymare  tuis." 

"  G." 

The  version,  as  given  in  "  N.  &  Q."  is  again  to 
be  found  in  the  Arundines  Cami,  editio  quarta, 
p.  88.  It  is  there  headed  "  To  a  Friend,"  and  the 
following  rendering  of  it  is  given  by  Mr.  Drury, 
formerly  second  master  of  Harrow  :  — 

"AD  SEXTIUM. 

"  Quum  natalibus,  0  beate  Sexti, 
Tuis  adfuimus  caterva  gaudens, 
Vagitu  resonis  strepente  cunis 
In  risum  domus  omnis  est  soluta. 
Talis  vive  precor,  beate  Sexti, 
Ut  circum  lacrymantibus  propinquis 
Cum  mors  immineat  toro  cubautis, 
Solus  non  alio  fruare  risu.  H.  J.  T.  D." 

OxONIENSIS. 


This,  according  to  a  note  in  Holden's  Foliorum 
Silvula,  part  i.  p.  521,  third  ed.,  1862,  is  a  trans- 
lation from  the  Arabic.  Reference  is  there  made 
to  Carlyle  (J.  D.),  Specimens  of  Arabian  Poetry, 
p.  80.  Carlyle  was  Professor  of  Arabic  at  Cam- 
bridge from  1795  to  1804. 

P.  J.  F.  GANTILLON. 

TRANSLATORS  OF  TERENCE:  JAMES  PRENDE- 
VILLE  (3rd  S.  v.  117.) — James  Prendeville  supplied 
a  part  of  the  descriptions  and  illustrations  to  Mr. 
Tyrrell's  Catalogue  of  the  Poniatowski  Gems, 
London,  1841,  4to.  JOSEPH  Kix,  M.D. 

St.  Neot's. 

MOTTO  FOR  BURTON  -  UPON  -  TRENT  WATER 
COMPANY.  —  AS  no  one  has  replied  to  this  query 
(3rd  S.  v.  116),  let  me  suggest  from  Horace,  Epist. 
i.  1,  52  :  "  Argentum  auro  vilius." 

P.  J.  F.  GANTILLON. 

The  following  mottoes  appear  to  me  appro- 
priate, though  they  do  not  convey  the  precise 
ideas  suggested  in  the  above  communication  :  — 

"  Opitulatu  alitur  spes." — Anon. 

"  Formidatis  auxiliatur  aquis."  —  Ovid,  Ep.  ex  Ponto, 
lib.  i.  ep.  3. 

"  Succurrere  saluti  fortunisqiie  communibus."  —  Cic. 
Pro  Rab.,  cap.  i. 

"  Parcitati  beneficium  ministrat  luxuria."  —  Palladius, 
lib.  i.  cap.  xxvi. 

Should  any  one  of  these  be  adopted,  I  hope  the 
fact  will  be  notified  in  "  N.  &  Q."  F.  C.  H. 

SIR  JOHN  MOORE'S  MONUMENT  (3rd  S.  v.  169.) — 
Borrow,  speaking  evidently  from  actual  observa- 
tion, says  :  — 

"  There  is  a  small  battery  of  the  old  town  which  fronts 
the  east,  and  whose  wall  is  washed  by  the  waters  of  the 
bay.  It  is  a  sweet  spot,  and  the  prospect  which  opens 
fro'm  it  is  extensive.  The  battery  itself  may  be  about 
eighty  yards  square ;  some  young  trees  are  springing  up 
about  it,  and  it  is  a  rather  favourite  resort  of  the  people 
of  Coruria. 

"  In  the  centre  of  this  battery  stands  the  tomb  of  Moore, 
built  by  the  chivalrous  French,  m  commemoration  of  the 
fall  of  their  heroic  antagonist.  It  is  oblong,  and  sur- 
mounted by  a  slab ;  and  on  either  side  bears  one  of  the 
simple  and  sublime  epitaphs  for  which  our  rivals  are 
celebrated,  and  which  stand  in  such  powerful  contrast 
with  the  bloated  and  bombastic  inscriptions  which  de- 
form the  walls  of  Westminster  Abbey :  — 

*  JOHN  MOORE, 

LEADER  OF   THE   ENGLISH  ARMIES, 

SLAIN  IN   BATTLE, 

1809.' 

"  The  tomb  itself  is  of  marble,  and  around  it  is  a  quad- 
rangular wall,  breast  high,  of  rough  Gallegan  marble ; 
close  to  each  corner  rises  from  the  earth  the  breech  of  an 
immense  brass  cannon,  intended  to  keep  the  wall  com- 
pact and  close.  These  outer  erections  are,  however,  not 
the  work  of  the  French,  but  of  the  English  government." 
The  Bible  in  Spain,  c.  26,  p.  155,  edit,  of  1849. 

Borrow  may  have  been  misinformed  as  to  the 
persons  by  whom  the  monument  was  erected ; 


270 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


S.  V.  MAE.  26,  '64. 


but  the  above  is  evidently  a  circumstantial  de- 
scription by  an  eye-witness.  His  version  of  the 
inscription,  I  assume  to  be  a  translation  ;  he  does 
not  say  what  is  the  language  of  the  original. 

DAVID  GAM. 

FAMILY  or  DE  SCARTH,  OR  DE  SCARE  (3rd  S.  v. 
134.)— J.  S.  D.  will  find  an  account  of  the  dis- 
covery of  the  monumental  stone  of  Skartha,  the 
friend  of  Swein,  with  an  engraving  of  the  stone, 
in  one  of  the  numbers  of  the  Illustrated  London 
News  for  April  or  May,  1858.  I  am  sorry  I  cannot 
refer  him  to  the  exact  number,  but  I  am  almost 
certain  the  date  is  somewhere  about  the  time 
I  mention.  R.  S.  T. 

POSTERITY  or  THE  EMPEROR  CHARLEMAGNE 
(3rd  S.  v.  134.)— The  descent  of  the  House  of 
Kingsale  is  commonly  said  to  be  as  follows :  — 
Charles,  Duke  of  Lorraine,  last  male  descendant 
of  the  Carlovingian  Kings  of  France.  His  son, 
Wigerius ;  his  son,  Baldwin  Teutordcus  ;  his  sons — 
1.  Nicholas,  from  whom  the  Houses  of  Warrenne 
and  Mortimer. 

5.  Robert  de  Courcey. 

John,  Baron  of  Kingsale,  was  fourth  in  descent 
from  Robert,  son  of  the  Robert  de  Courcey  above- 
mentioned. 

But  this  Charles,  or  Hugh,  is  not  named  by  An- 
derson (Royal  Genealogies)  among  the  children  of 
Charles,  Duke  of  Lorraine.  Mezeray  says,  speak- 
ing of  the  latter  — 

"  II  eut,  u  ce  qu'ils  racontent,  deux  femmes  ...  la 
seconde  fut  Agnes  fille  de  Hebert  Comte  de  Troye,  dont 
prouindrent  deux  fils  durant  qu'il  fut  en  prison  k  Or- 
leans, Hugues  et  Louys,  qui  se  retirerent  vers  1'Empereur. 
Ce  dernier  fut  Landgraue  de  Hesse  .  .  .  mais  d  vray 
dire,  ie  doutefort  des  enfans  de  ce  second  lict."—Histoire  de 
France,  folio,  vol.  i.  p.  371. 

HERMENTRUDE  . 

If  HIPPEUS  will 'refer  to  the  pedigree  of  the 
Lords  of  Harewood  in  Whitaker's  Loidis  and  El- 
mete,  or  that  of  Dixon  of  Seaton-Carew,  in  Burke' s 
Royal  Descents,  he  will  find  that  the  Barons  King- 
sale  derive  from  Robert  de  Courcey,  the  uncle  of 
the  William,  who  died  s.  p.  The  former  pedigree 
will  also  show  him  that  there  were  two  con- 
temporary Roberts,  Lords  de  Rougemont  (first 
cousins)  —  viz.  Robert,  the  son  of  John,  and 
Robert  the  son  of  John's  brother  George,  and 
that  the  latter  had  a  son  William  and  other  issue. 
This  William  may  have  been  the  progenitor  of 
George  Lisle  of  Compton  Domville.  John  Lord 
de  Rougemont's  wife  was  Matilda  (not  Eliza- 
beth) de  Ferrers.  R.  W.  DIXON. 

ROBERT  DILLON  BROWNE,  M.P.  (3rd  S.  iii.  369, 
479.)  —  I  am  informed  by  a  friend  (an  Irish  Ca- 
tholic), that  the  song  which  this  gentleman  used 
to  be  fond  of  repeating  is  set  to  the  tune  of  a 
*  rench  hymn  to  the  Virgin  Mary,  which  is  sung 
in  her  honour,  on  a  certain  day  in  each  year,  in 


the  churches  of  France  and  Ireland.  He  assures 
me  that  the  song,  as  well  as  the  hymn,  are  com- 
monly known  in  Ireland,  and  seems  disposed  to 
wonder  that  any  question  should  have  been  asked 
on  the  subject.  However,  I,  as  an  English  Pro- 
testant, must  confess,  that  before  the  present  oc- 
casion I  never  heard  of  either  the  hymn  or  the 
song.  Robert  Dillon  Browne  died  at  the  age  of 
thirty-nine,  just  as  he  had  obtained  an  appoint- 
ment to  a  post  in  one  of  the  colonies.  When 
living  he  was,  as  is  well  known,  an-  important 
joint  in  O'Connell's  "  flexible  tail."  W.  D. 

RUTHVEN,  EARL  or  FORTH  AND  BRENTFORD. — 
Your  correspondent  J.  M.  seems  to  have  read 
the  articles  respecting  Patrick  Ruthven  (2ud  S. 
ii.  101,  261)  through  the  wrong  spectacles.  He 
writes  as  if  the  letter  of  Gustavus  Adolphus, 
printed  in  the  first  of  those  articles,  had  been  pre- 
sumed to  apply  to  the  Earl  of  Forth  and  Brent- 
ford. Upon  reference  a  second  time  to  the  article 
in  question,  he  will  find  that  this  was  not  so.  The 
letter  was  treated,  and  I  think  rightly  treated,  as 
relating  to  Patrick  Ruthven,  son  of  John,  the 
third  Earl  of  Gowrie.' 

Again,  with  reference  to  the  second  article — 
that  contributed  by  myself  on  the  Ladies'  Cabi- 
net— J.  M.  is  mistaken  in  supposing  that  "  it  was 
conjectured"  in  that  article  that  the  "Lord  Ruth- 
ven," of  the  Ladies'  Cabinet,  was  "  Earl  William," 
the  "  de  facto  fourth  Earl  of  Gowrie."  It  was 
held,  throughout  that  article,  that  he  was  the 
same  Patrick  Ruthven,  son  of  the  third  Earl  of 
Gowrie — the  person  who  was  long  confined  in  the 
Tower,  and  whose  daughter  married  Vandyke. 

If  J.  M.  thinks  that  he  has  any  reason  to  find 
fault  with  the  attribution  of  the  interference  of 
Gustavus  Adolphus,  or  the  connection  with  the 
Ladies'  Cabinet,  to  that  Patrick  Ruthven,  any 
facts  upon  the  subject  will  be  very  gladly  re- 
ceived ;  but  if,  before  he  again  addresses  you,  he 
will  be  good  enough  to  re-iead  the  articles  to 
which  he  has  alluded,  he  will  perceive  that  in  the 
first  of  them  there  is  no  allusion  to  the  Earl  of 
Forth ;  nor  in  the  second  to  "  William,  de  facto 
fourth  Earl  of  Gowrie."  JOHN  BRUCE. 

5,  Upper  Gloucester  Street. 

PRIVATE  PRAYERS  FOR  THE  LAITY  (3rd  S.  v. 
193. )  B.  H.  C.  will  find  in  Dr.  Hook's  Church 
Dictionary,  under  the  head  "  Primer,"  some  par- 
ticulars about  forms  of  prayer  for  families  and 
private  individuals,  as  set  forth  by  authority.  It 
is,  inter  alia,  there  stated  that  the  last  Primer 
which  appeared  was  Dr.  (afterwards  Bp.)  Cosin's 
"  Collection  of  Private  Devotions :  in  the  prac- 
tice of  the  Ancient  Church,  called  the  Hours  of 
Prayer,  as  they  were  after  this  manner  published 
by  authority  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  1560,  &c."  This 
was  published  in  1627  "  by  command  of  King 
Charles  I."  In  the  Preface  signed  by  G[erard] 


3*dS.V.  MAR.  2G,  fC4.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


271 


M[oultrie]  to  "  the  Primer  set  forth  at  large  for 
the  use  of  the  Members  of  the  Anglican  Church 
in  Family  and  Private  Prayer,  in  the  Reign  of 
Queen  Elizabeth,"  published  in  1863  by  Masters, 
it  is  stated  that  "  the  Primer  is  the  authorised 
Book  of  Family  and  Private  Prayer  for  the  Laity 
of  the  English  Church."  And  the  Editor  adds: — 
"  Earlier  in  the  time  of  its  first  publication  than  the 
Book  of  Common  Prayer,  its  subsequent  editions  and 
revisions  run  parallel  with  that  Book.  The  Invocations 
of  the  Saints,  the  '  Ave  Maria,'  and  other  features  of  the 
Primer  of  Henry  VIII.,  disappear  from  the  revised  edi- 
tions of  Edward  VI.  and  of  Elizabeth.  In  the  reign  of 
Edward  a  rival  Primer  of  very  inferior  merit,  with  fixed 
lessons  for  every  day  in  the  week,  and  fixed  Psalms  in 
order,  struggled  into  life,  and  after  maintaining  a  brief 
and  precarious  existence  alongside  of  the  original  Primer, 
finally  died  out  in  Elizabeth's  reign,  leaving  the  ground 
unoccupied  to  the  nobler  Book  which  continued  to  throw 
out  its  editions  till  superseded  by  the  altered  (unhap- 
pily altered)  versions  of  later  and  more  private  hands. 
Bishop  Cosiu's  Hours  of  Prayer,  which  are  based  upon 
the  Primer,  are  well  known  at  the  present  day.  Perhaps 
a  devotional  Manual  which  claims  to  be  not  the  work  of 
a  single  divine,  nor  of  a  single  year,  nor  of  a  single  edi- 
tion, but  the  carefully  matured 'gift  of  the  Fathers  of  the 
English  Reformation,  perfected  by  the  best  of  all  Re- 
visionists—  use,  through  many  editions  in  an  earnest  and 
learned  age,  may  be  welcome  to  the  Faithful  of  the  Eng- 
lish Communion.  Its  intrinsic  value  has  been  recognised 
by  the  editors  of  the  Parker  Society,  who  published  the 
edition  of  1559,  together  with  other  documents,  with  a 
view  to  making  known  the  true  principles  of  the  English 
Reformation." 

c.  w. 

The  only  "  Family  Prayers  "  which  now  have 
any  authority  in  the  English  Church  are  those  in 
Queen  Elizabeth's  Primer,  which  is  drawn  from 
the  Sarum  Enchiridion  of  pre-Reformation  times. 
A  LONDON  PRIEST. 

LATIN  QUOTATION  (3rd  S.  v.  213.)— The  fol- 
lowing may  be  the  proper  reading  and  transla- 
tion of  the  passage  proposed :  — 

"  Hinc  dicitur  Spiritus  caritatis  quam  obsignat  in  cor- 
dibus  nostris :  non  credens  est  ergo  a  spiritu  qui  abducit 
deposita  ad  humana  commenta." 

Hence  he  is  called  the  Spirit  of  charity,  which 
he  impresses  upon  our  hearts  :  an  unbeliever, 
therefore,  is  of  the  spirit  which  carries  away  the 
deposit  (of  faith)  to  the  devices  of  men. 

F.  C.  H. 

WILLIAM  DUDGEON  (3rd  S.  v.  172.)— This  very 
singular  and  learned  person  was  a  farmer  in  East 
Lothian,  Haddingtonshire.  There  was  published, 
in  1765,  a  12mo  volume  of  his,  which  was  en- 
titled :  — 

"  Philosophical  Works,  viz.— The  State  of  the  Meral 

World  considered— A  Catechism  founded  upon  Experi- 

e  and  Reason— A  View  of  the  Necessitarian  or  Best 

Scheme— Philosophical  Letters  concerning  the  Being  and 

Attributes  of  God." 

Copies  of  this  are  now  rarely  to  be  seen. 

r ..  T.  G.  S. 

Edinburgh. 


QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (3rd  S.  v.  174,  175.)  — 
T.  LESLIE  will  find  the  lines  — 

"  A  human  heart  should  beat  for  two,"  &c. — 
in  a  book  of  poems  called  London  Lyrics,  pub- 
lished a  few  years  since.  H.  W.  H. 

This  quotation  is  from  the  Ingoldsly  Legends. 
C.  F.  S.  WARREN. 

"  God/rom  a  beautiful  necessity  is  love  in  all  he  doeth." 
Tupper's  Proverbial  Philosophy :  Of  Immortality. 
E.  J.  NORMAN. 

"  AUTHOR  OF  GOOD,  TO  THEE  I  TURN  "  (3rd  S. 
iv.  353  ;  v.  123.) — In  addition  to  what  has  already 
been  communicated,  in  reference  to  the  above 
hymn,  allow  me  to  say  that  the  four  stanzas 
quoted  by  your  last  correspondent  form,  with  a 
few  verbal  alterations,  the  last  half  of  a  hymn  on 
the  "Ignorance  of  Man,"  by  Merrick.  It  begins 
thus  :  — 

"  Behold  yon  new-born  infant,  grieved 

With 'hunger,  thirst,  and  pain  ; 
That  asks  to  have  the  wants  relieved 
It  knows  not  to  explain." 

The  composition  consists  of  eight  stanzas,  and 
may  be  found  in  James  Montgomery's  Christian 
Psalmist,  Hymn  333,  edit.  1828.  X.  A.  X. 

HUGH  BRANHAM,  M.A.  (3rd  S.  v.  212),  was 
instituted  to  Dovercourt,  with  the  chapel  of  Har- 
wich, Oct.  7,  1574 ;  and  to  the  rectory  of  Little 
Oakley,  Essex,  Nov.  20,  1579.  He  also  held  the 
rectory  of  Peldon,  in  the  same  county.  He  died 
in  1615  (Newcourt's  Repertorium,  ii.  220,  446, 
467).  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

REV.  CHRISTOPHER  RICHARDSON  (3rd  S.  v.  213) 
was  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge  ;  B.A.  1636-7, 
M.A.  1640,  and  it  is  probable  that  he  had  epi- 
scopal ordination.  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

CAMBRIDGE  VILLAGES  (3rd  S.  v.  212.)  —  In 
7  Edw.  I.  the  Papworths  are  called  Papworth 
Everard  and  Papworth  Anneys  (Itofuli  Hundre- 
dorum,  ii.  472,  473).  They  were,  very  probably, 
so  denominated  after  the  principal  owners  at  a 
former  period.  The  prefix  of  Saint  is  a  silly 
innovation,  certainly  introduced  since  Messrs. 
Lysons  published  their  account  of  Cambridge- 
shire. Indeed  the  former  parish  is  called  Pap- 
worth Everard  in  the  Act  for  its  enclosure 
passed  in  1815.  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

"EXPOSITION  OF  ECCLESIASTES,  1680"  (2nd  S. 

ii.  330.)— George  Sykes  (Sikes),  a  mystical  Cal- 

rinist,  is  supposed  to  have  been  the  author  of  the 

book    in  question.      He  also  wrote   Evangelical 

Essays  towards  the  Discovery  of  a  Gospel  State, 

1666.     He  seems  to  have  been  connected  in  re- 

igious  opinions  with  Sir  H.  Vane,  from   whose 

writings  he  quotes.  S.  S. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


272 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

Diary  of  Mary,  Countess  Cowper,  Lady  of  the  Bedchamber 
to  the  Princess  of  Wales,  1714-1720.     (Murray.) 
This  is  one  of  the  most  valuable  contributions  to  con- 
temporary history  which  the  curiosity  of  the  present  day 
has  yet  unearthed.     The  period  of  our  annals  to  which 
it  relates  is  one  singularly  deficient  in  similar  materials ; 
and  the  gossiping  record  which  Lady  Cowper  gives  us  of 
the  political  intrigues,  and  the  etiquette  and  observances 
at  the  court  of  the  First  George,  is  replete  alike  with 
information  and  amusement.    The  authoress,  Mary  Cla- 
vering,  the  wife  of  Lord  Chancellor  Cowper,  was  not  only 
an  observant,  but  also  an  accomplished  woman;   as  is 
shown  by  the  fact  that  she  was  in  the  habit  of  trans- 
lating into  French  her  husband's  memorials,  that  they 
might  be  intelligible  to  his  sovereign.    And  as  it  is  plain 
she  was,  as  she  deserved  to  be,  in  the  full  confidence  of 
her  husband  the  Lord  Chancellor,  and  equally  so  in  that 
of  her  royal  mistress  and  the  Prince  of  Wales,  she  had 
peculiar  opportunities  of  knowing  all  that  was  going  on ; 
and  the  perusal  of  the  present  fragment,  for  we  regret  to 
say  it  is  but  a  fragment,  awakens  a  feeling  of  deep  regret 
that  there  seems  little  hope  of  recovering  the  missing 
portions  of  this  most  interesting  narrative. 
Magna    Vita  S.  Hugonis  Episcopi  Lincolniensis.      From 
Manuscripts  in  the  Bodleian  Library,  Oxford,  and  the 
Imperial  Library,  Paris.     Edited  by  the  Rev.    James 
F.  Dimock.  M.A.     Published  under  the  Direction  of  the 
Master  of  the  Rolls.     (Longman.) 
The  name  of  Hugh  Bishop  of  Lincoln  still  figures  in 
the  Calendar  of  the  Church.    That  he  should  have  won 
that  distinction  few  will  be  surprised  who  read  this  ela- 
borate biography  of  a  prelate  whom  the  present  editor 
describes  as  an  upright,  honest,  fearless  man — an  earnest, 
holy  Christian  bishop,  adding  "  that  in  the  whole  range 
of  English  worthies,  few  men  deserve  a  higher  and  holier 
niche  than  Bishop  Hugh  of  Lincoln.    That  he  should 
have  built  Lincoln  Cathedral— that  "  tern  plum  gloriosis- 
simum,"  as  his  biographer  terms  it,  is  enough  to  recom- 
mend his  memory  to  our  architectural  friends.    But  he 
had  far  higher  claims  than  this;  and  the  story  of  his 
useful  life  is  well  told  in  the  narrative  before  us,  the 
work  of  one  Adam,  a  Benedictine  Monk,  which  the  editor 
has  carefully  printed  from  a  Bodleian  MS.,  compared  with 
another  in  the  Imperial  Library  at  Paris.    As  the  Vita 
S.  Hugonis  throws  considerable  light  on  the  history  of 
this  country  during  the  period  of  which  it  treats,  it  fur- 
nishes many  valuable  additions  to  our  knowledge  of  those 
eventful  times.     Mr.   Dimock  has  obviously  bestowed 
great  care  and  labour  upon  the  work,  for  which  his  pre- 
vious labours  on  Hugh  of  Lincoln  had  well  prepared  him, 
and  we  have  to  thank  him  for  a  capital  Index. 

Clerical  and  Parochial  Records  of  Cork,  Cloyne,  and  Ross. 

taken  from  Diocesan  and  Parish  Registries,  MS  8.  in 

the  Principal  Libraries  and  Public   Offices  of  Oxford, 

Dublin,   and   London;    and  from   Private   or   Family 

Papers.    By  W.  Maziere  Brady,  D.D.,  Chaplain  to  the 

Lord-Lieutenant,  and  Vicar  of  Clonfert  Cloyne.   3  Vols. 

8vo.    (Longman.) 

The  ecclesiastical  records  of  Ireland  have  of  late  years 

attracted  the  attention  of  the  learned.    The  succession  o 

all  the  bishops  and  cathedral  dignitaries,  from  ancient  t( 

modern  times,  has  been  duly  recorded  and  preserved  ir 

the  admirable  Fasti  Ecclesice  Hibernica  of  Archdeacon 

Cotton ;  and  Dr.  Todd,  Mr.  E.  P.  Shirley,  Mr.  Caulfield 

and  many  other  scholars,  have  published  works  illustra^ 

tive  of  the  Church.    But  few  attempts  have  been  made 

and  those  few  very  unimportant,  to  trace  the  parochia 


.  V.  MAK.  26,  '64. 


lergy  of  Ireland  from  the  period  of  the  Eeformation  to 
he  present  time,  or  to  extract  from  her  own  records  the 
istory  of  the  Church.  As  far  as  the  united  Diocese  of 
)ork,  Cloyne,  and  Ross  is  concerned,  this  want  has  now 
een  supplied;  and  so  completely,  that  in  very  many 
>arishes  the  succession  of  incumbents,  for  more  than  two 
enturies  and  a  half,  is  complete.  In  many  cases,  Dr. 
Jrady  has  been  able  to  indicate  the  parentage,  birth- 
lace,  college  matriculation,  and  University  degree  of  the 
lergyman;  as  well  as  his  ordination  and  clerical  ap- 
>ointments,  his  marriage,  issue,  and  death.  To  these  are 
ometimes  added,  his  published  works,  charitable  be- 
quests, and  genealogical  notices.  The  book  is  one  of  great 
abour  and  research;  and  we  sincerely  trust  that  this 
ndeavour  to  "do  justice  to  Ireland"  will  meet  with 
uch  general  approval  as  to  induce  other  members  of  the 
rish  church  to  follow  the  admirable  example  which  Dr. 
Brady  has  placed  before  them. 
'celandic  Legends.  Collected  by  Ion  A  mason.  Translated 

by  George  E.  J.  Powell  and  Eirikur  Magnusen.     With 

twenty -eight  Illustrations.     (Bentley.) 

No  one  who  has  paid  the  slightest  attention  to  the 
haracter  of  Icelandic  literature  will  be  surprised  to  hear 
.hat  the  learned  librarian  of  Reykjavick,  Mr.  Ion  Ama- 
zon, the  Grimm  of  Iceland,  as  he  has  been  happily  desig- 
lated,  should  have  succeeded  in  gathering  in  an  almost 
nexhaustible  store  of  Popular  Legends  and  Traditions, 
which  are  still  current  in  the  mouth  of  the  people.  From 

selection  published  by  him  in  1862,  the  present  transla- 
tors have  made  a  further  selection,  which  they  have 
divided  into  Stories  of  Elves,  Stories  of  Trolls,  Stories  of 
Ghosts  and  Goblins,  and  Miscellaneous  Stories.  These 
are  extremely  well  calculated  to  give  an  idea  of  the  Folk 
Lore  of  Iceland,  and  are  very  valuable  as  materials  for  a 
History  of  Popular  Fiction.  The  illustrations  are  fanciful 
and  characteristic. 

BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentleman  by  whom  they  are  required,  whose  name  ana  address 
are  given  for  that  purpose :  — 
GENTLEMAN'S  MAGAZINE  from  commencement,  with  Indexes. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  Morris  C.  Imes,  75,  Shaw  Street,  Liverpool. 


ta 

W.  J.  D.  will  find  a  collection  of  the  Poems  on  Chantrej/'s  Woodcocks 
in  the  volume  entitled  Winged  Words  on  Chantrey's  W  oodcocks,  pub- 
lished by  Murray  in  1857. 

W.  F.  B.  Tennyson's  allusion  in  to  DANTE,  and  to  the  Inferno,  canto 
v.  line  121. 

C.  W.  (Norwich.)  "  Vaughts  "  in  the  passage  clearly  means 
"  Vaults." 

JAYDEE.    The  Historical  Register,  25  vols.  extending  from  17H 

T.  B.  is  reminded  that  there  is  a  letter  waiting  for  him  at  the  Office, 
32,  Wellington  Street. 

H.  C.  A  list  of  the  Members  of  Parliament,  temp.  Queen  Elizabeth, 
may  be  found  in  Willis's  Notitia  Parliamentary.,,  3  vols.  8vo,  ,'730.-—  For 
the  derivation  of  the  names  of  pieces  of  ordnance  consult  J<alc<,,«-r* 
Dictionary  of  the  Marine,  edited  by  Dr.  Burney,  4to,  1815,  and  \Vw.ldu 
Clairbois's  Dictionnaire  de  la  Marme  ,  4to,  3  vols.  Paris,  1  783-87. 

T.  W.  D.    Eight  articles  on  the  word  Humbug  appeared  in  our 

IOTA.    The  Rev.  Thomas  Pentycross,  Vicar  of  St.  Mary's,  W'aM»w- 
ford,  Berks,  died  Feb.  1  1  ,  1808,  aged  sixty.     We  cannot  find  that  he  pub- 
lished any  poetical  pieces.    See  Horace  Walpole's  character  of  him  in 
letter  to  William  Cole,  dated  July  24,   1776.—  S.  R.  i7acfcs™  1',' 
author  of  "The  Lament  of  Napoleon,    Misplaced  Love  ,  and 
Poems,"  12mo,  Lond.  1819:  also,"  Affection's  Victim,    12mo. 

"NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  $£ 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  l^hsher  tmcuding  the  Hall  - 
i/earlv  INDEX)  is  11s.  4d.,  which  may  be  paid  by  lout  Office  Order, 
pavalleat  the  Strand  Post  Office,  in  favour  of  WILLIAM  G.  SMITH,  32, 
WELLI.VGTON  STRKRT,  STRAND,  W.C.,  to  whom  all  COMMUNICAT.ONS  FOB 
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"  NOTES  &  QUERIES  "  is  registered  for  transmission  abroad. 


his 


3"i  S.  V.  MAR.  26,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1843. 

1T7ESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

VV      AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHIBF  OFFICES  :  »,  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 

""KING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


Diret 
H.E.Bicknell.Esq. 
T.  Somers  Cocks,  Esq.,  M.A..J.P. 
Geo.  H.Drew,  Esq.,  M.A. 
John  Fisher,  Esq. 
W.  Freeman,  Esq. 
Charles  Frere,  Esq. 
Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 
J.  H.  Goodhart.Esq.,  J.?«      , 
J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,M.P. 
Peter  Hood,  Esq. 

tors. 
The  Hon.  R.  E.Howard,  D.C.L. 
James  Hunt,  Esq. 
John  Leigh,  Esq. 
Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.B.  Marson.Esq. 
E.  Vansittart  Neale,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Bonamy  Price,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Jas.LysSeager.Esq. 
Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 
John  B.  White,  Esq. 

Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest;  according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society's  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Rates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afforcTat  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  tne  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MEDICAL  MIN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for.their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHARGE  MADE  FOB  Power  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  Of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal.  Q 

Now  ready,  price  14s. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN.  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 


O  S  T  B   O      E  X  D  O  Iff. 

Patent.March  1, 1862,  No.  660. 

/GABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH   and 

\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE  OLD   ESTABLISHED  DENTISTS, 

27,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and 34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London; 
134,  Duke  Street, Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 

Consultations  gratis.  For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth/'  Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 

[R.    HOWARD,    SURGEON-DENTIST,    52, 

FLEET-STREET,  has   introduced    an   ENTIRELY   NEW 

:RIPTION  of  ARTIFICIAL  TEETH,  fixed  without  springs, 

ires,  or  ligatures.  They  so  perfectly  resemble  the  natural  teeth  as 
not  to  be  distinguished  from  the  originals  by  the  closest  observer  ;  they 
will  never  change  colour  or  decay,  and  will  be  found  superior  to  any 
teeth  ever  before  used.  This  method  does  not  require  the  extraction  of 
roots,  or  any  painful  operation,  and  will  support  and  preserve  teeth 
that  are  loose,  and  is  guaranteed  to  restore  articulation  and  mastica- 
tion. Decayed  teeth  stopped  and  rendered  sound  and  useful  in  mas- 
tication.-52.  Fleet  Street. 


PIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

MAGNOLIA,  WHITE  ROSE,  FRANGIPANNI,  GERA- 
NIUM. PATCHOULY,  EVER-SWEET,  NEW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1 ,000  others.  2s.  6d.  each — 2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 

HOLLOW  AY'S  PILLS.  —  THE  "GREAT  NKEJX  — 
The  blood  is  the  life,  and  on  its  purity  depends  our  health,  if  not 
existence.    These  Pills  thoroughly  cleanse  this  vital  fluid  from  all 
contaminations,  and  by  that  power  strengthen  and  invigorate  the  whole 
ilthily  stimulate  sluggish  organs,  repress  over-excited  action, 
mid .establish  order  of  circulation  and  secretion  throughout  every  part 
body.    The  balsamic  nature  of  Holloway's  Pills  commend  them 
ne  favour  of  debilitated  and  nervous  constitutions,  which  they  soon 
tate.     They  dislodge  all  obstructions,  both  in  the  bowels  and 
Jisewnere,  and  are,  on  that  account,  much  sought  after  for  promoting 
regularity  of  action  in  young  females  and  delicate  persons,  who  are 
naturally  weak,  or  who  from  some  cause  have  become  so. 


THE  LIVERPOOL  AND  LONDON  FIRE  AND 
LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANY,  1,  Dale  Street,  Liverpool,  and 
20,  Poultry,  London. 
At  the  Annual  Meeting  of  the  Proprietors,  held  on  the  25th  February, 

JAMES  ASPINALL  TOB1X,  Esq.,  in  the  Chair, 

The  Report  of  th  e  Directors  for  the  year  18C3  was  read.  It  shewed  — 
"That  the  FIRE  Premiums  of  the  Year  were  £529,107  1  O 
"  Being  an  increase  over  1862  of  -  -  -  MG,O3O  11  1O 


"  That  the  LIFE  Business  of  the  Year  con- 
sisted of  the  issue  of  70S  POLICIES,  insuring 
£443,4OO,  on  which  the  Premium  was  -  £14,334  O  1 

"  And  of  74  ANNUITY  BONDS  for  the  ~~ 
payment  of £3j»13   1O     7 


"  That  the  CAPITAL  had  been  increased 

£3,O5O,  and  amounted  to  £191.353      O     O 

"That    the     RESERVED     SURPLUS 

FUND  had  been  increased  *7.«T5,  and  was         334,«OG    11    11 

"Thit the  LIFE  RESERVE  had  been  in- 
creased C1IH.O13,  3  7,  and  amounted  to  -  03O.553  1O  & 

"That  after  providing  for  a  DIVIDEND  of 
4O  per  cent,  on  the  Capital,  which  would  require 
£?G,5<>0  10s.  the  balance  of  UNDIVIDED 
PROFIT  would  be  increased  by  £lO,tiSM  13  4, 
and  amount  to  -  -  -  -  -  33O,G33  1  8 

"  That  the  INVESTED  FUNDS  would 
thufl  become £1,5GG,434  4  3 


Prospectuses  of  the  Company,  and  copies  of  the  Report,  may  be  had  on 
application  at  the  Offices,  or  to  any  Agent  of  the  Company. 

SWINTON  BOULT,  Secretary  to  the  Company. 
JOHN  ATKINS,  Resident  Secretary,  Londou. 
4th  March,  1864. 


D 


EBENTURES    at  5,  5£,   and  6   PER  CENT., 

CEYLON  COMPANY,  LIMITED.  Subscribed  Capital,  £350,000. 


DIRECTORS. 


Lawford  Acland,  Esq.,  Chairman. 
Major- General     Henry    Pelhom 

Burn. 

Harry  George  Gordon,  Esq. 
George  Ireland,  Esq. 


Duncan  James  Kay,  Esq. 
Stephen  P.  Kennard,  Esq. 
Patrick  F.  Robertson,  Esq. 
Robert  Smith,  Esq. 
Sir  S.  Villiers  Surtees,  K.B. 


JJAAfAUEW \^.    U.   A»m*UQ,  JW014* 

are  prepared  to  issue  Debentures  for  one,  three,  and 
J,  and  6  per  cent,  respectively.  They  are  also  prepared 
or  mortgage  in  Ceylon  and  Mauritius,  either  with  or 


MANAGER— C.  J.  Braine,Esq. 
The  Directors  are 
five  years,  at  5, 5j, 
to  invest  money  or          „  . 
without  the  Guarantee  of  the  Company,  as  may  be  arranged. 

Applications  for  particulars  to  be  made  at  the  Office  of  the  Company, 
No.  12,  Leadenhall  fetreet,  London,  B.C. 

By  Order,  JOHN  ANDERSON,  Secretary. 

SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 

"THE    ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERRINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
should  see  that  LEA  &  PERRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 
Bottle,  and  Stopper. 

ASK  FOR  LEA  AND  PERKINS'  SAUCE. 

*«*  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors  Worcester; 
MESSRS.  CROSSE  and  BLACKWELL,  MKSSRS.  BARCLAY  and 
SONS.  London,  &c.,&c. ;  and  by  Grocers  and  Oilmen  universally. 

Sold  by  Grocers  and  Druggists. 

FRY'S 

IMPROVED    HOMOEOPATHIC    COCOA. 

Price  1«.  6d.  per  Ib. 
FRY'S     PEARL     COCOA. 

FRY'S  ICELAND  MOSS  COCOA. 
J.  S.  FRY  &  SONS,  Bristol  and  London. 


Dinneford's  Pure  Fluid  Magnesia 

Has  been,  during  twenty-five  years,  emphatically  sanctioned  by  the 
Medical  Profession,  and  universally  accepted  by  the  Public,  as  the 
Best  Remedy  for  Acidity  of  the  Stomach,  Heartburn,  Headache,  Gout, 
and  Indigestion,  and  as  a  Mild  Aperient  for  delicate  constitutions,  more 
especially  for  Ladies  and  Children.  When  combined  with  the  Acidu- 
lated Lemon  Syrup,  it  forms  an  AOREBABI.E  EFPEKVESCINO  DRAOOHT, 
in  which  its  Aperient  qualities  are  much  increased.  During  E 
Seasons,  and  In  Hot  Climates,  the  regular  use  of  this  simple  and  elegant 
remedy  has  been  found  highly  beneficial.  It  is  prepared  (m  a  state 
of  pertect  purity  and  of  uniform  strength)  by  DLNNEFORD  &  CO., 
172,  New  Bond  Street,  London:  and  sold  by  all  respectable  Chemists 
throughout  the  World. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3^  s.  V.  MAR.  26,  '64. 


ROUTL  EDGE'S 
EDITIONS 


or 


SHAKESPEARE. 


KNIGHT'S  ORIGINAL  PICTORIAL 
SHAKSPERE. 

With  1,000  Illustrations. 
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ROUTLEDGE'S  LIBRARY 
SHAKESPEARE. 

EDITED  BY  HOWARD  STAUNTON 
Printed  on  toned  paper,  4  Vols.  royal  8vo.  cloth,  42«. 


HAZLITT'S  SHAKSPEARE. 

5  Vols.  fcap.  8vo,  cloth,  15*.  6cZ. 


CAMPBELL'S  SHAKSPEARE. 

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by  JOHN  GILBERT. 
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ROWE'S  SHAKSPEARE. 

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WILLIAM   SHAKESPEARE    NOT    AN 
IMPOSTOR. 

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(120  pp.,  in  Wrapper),  of  a 

VTEW  AND  REVISED  ISSUE,  edited  by  CHARLES 

1>  KNIGHT,  of  this  choice  Edition  of  SHAKSPERE'S  WORKS, 
elesrantly  printed  on  the  finest  Tinted  Paper,  containing  upwards  of 
ONE  THOUSAND  ILLUSTRATIONS. 

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Early  in  APRIL,  in  3  Vols.  post  8vo,  cloth, 

GERALDINE    MAYNARD  ; 

A  TALE 

OF    THE    DAYS    OF    SHAKSPERE. 
CAPTAIN  H!  CURLING, 

Author  of  "  The  Soldier  of  Fortune  ;"  "John  of  England,"  &c.,  &c. 
C.  J.  SKEET,  King  William  Street,  Strand. 


OHAKESPERE:    a  Critical    Biography. 

kJ    SAMUEL  NEIL.    Pp.  122,  8vo,  price  Is. 

London  :  HOULSTON  &  WRIGHT. 


By 


SHAKSPERE'S  MONUMENT  IN  WESTMINSTER  ABBEY. 

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Now  ready,  price  5a.  dd.  (post  free),  mounted  on  India  Paper, 

THE  ONLY  AUTHENTICATED   PORTRAIT 

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Works.  Ben  Jonson,  the  friend  and  companion  of  the  Poet,  bean 
witness  to  its  excellency  as  a  likeness,  saying  that  — 

"  The  graver  had  a  strife 
With  nature  to  outdo  the  life." 

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ssex;  and 

, 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 

A  MEDIUM  OF  INTER-COMMUNICATION 


FOE 


L1TERAEY  MEN,  GENERAL   READERS,   ETC. 

"  When  found,  make  a  note  of." — CAPTAIN  CUTTLE. 


No.  118. 


SATURDAY,  APRIL  2,  1864. 


C  Price  Fou 


\  Price  Fourpence. 
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THE  ARCHAEOLOGICAL  INSTITUTE  of 

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CONTENTS :— 

The  Sepulchre  in  Sychem.— The  Typical  Character  of  David  :  with 
a  Digression  concerning  certain  Words — Selections  from  the  Syriac. 
No.  I. :  The  Chronicle  of  Edessa — Cornelius  the  Centurion.  —  The 
Trumpet  of  the  Soul  sounding  to  Judgment.  A  Sermon  by  Henry 
Smith—Exegesis  of  Difficult  Texts.— On  the  Nature  of  Man—The 
Epistle  of  Barnabas  ;  from  the  Codex  Sinaiticus — The  Decipherment 
of  Cuneiform  Inscriptions  Described  and  Tested.  _  An  Enquiry  re- 
specting the  Origin  of  the  Parable  of  the  Rich  Man  and  Lazarus- 
Water  Supply  of  Jerusalem:  Ancient  and  Modern— Correspondence. 
Notices  of  Books.— Miscellanies. 

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SHAKSPERE'S  MONUMENT  IN  WESTMINSTER  ABBEY. 

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INSCRIPTION  on  this  MONUMENT,  see  page  18  in 

THE  BOOK  OF  FAMILIAR  QUOTATIONS, 

London:  WHITTAKER  &  CO. 

ANCIENT  and  MODERN   COINS,    MEDALS, 

STREET,  ROSSEH,  SQUARJ 


i  an  extensive  Collection  of  the  above 
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LECTURES    ON    THE    ELEMENTS 

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Original  Articles. 

I.  THE   MAMMALS  OF   MADAGASCAR.    Dr.  Sclater,  M.A 

F.R.S.,  Secretary  of  the  Zoological  Society.    With  Lithogra 

phic  Plate. 

H.  THE  SOLAR  SPOTS.  Sir  J.  W.  F.  Herschel,  Bart.,  Z.H 
D.C.L.,  F.R.S.  With  Lithographic  Plate. 

HI.  STEAM  NAVIGATION:  its  Rise,  Progress,  and  Prospects.  Mar 
tin  Samuelson.  Member  of  the  Institute  of  Civil  Engineers 
With  Copper-plate  Engraving  of  the  "  Great  Eastern,"  '•  Per 
aia,"  "  Great  Britain,"  and  "  Great  Western." 

IV.  THE  FOSSIL  SKULL  CONTROVERSY  :  Human  Crani 
allied  in  Anatomical  Characters  to  the  Engis  and  Neander 
thai  Skulls.  William  Turner,  M.B.,  Edinburgh  University 
F.R.S.E.  With  Lithographic  Plates. 

V.  THE  CONSERVATION  OF  FORCE  APPLIED  TO  PHY 
SIOLOGY.-Part  II.  (conclusion):  The  Relation  of  Ligh 
and  Heat  to  the  Vital  Forces  of  Plants.  Dr.  Carpenter 


VI.  ON  MILK,  AND    DAIRY    ARRANGEMENTS.     Dr.  Aug 

Voelcker,   Consulting  Chemist   to  the   Royal   Agricultura 
Society.    With  Five  Woodcuts. 

Proceedings  of  the  Metropolitan  Societies. 

The  Royal  Astronomical  Society  (illustrated).—  2.  The  Chemical 
'   .-3.  The  Geological  Society._4.  The  Microscopical  Society- 

Royal  Society.—  6.  The  Koyal  Institution  of  Great  Britain- 

Zoological  Society. 

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1.  Agriculture 

2.  Botany  and  Vegetable  Physio- 

3.  Chemistry. 

4.  Geology  and  Palaeontology. 

5.  Mining,   Mineralogy,  Metal- 

lurgy (illustrated). 


6.  Optics. 

7.  Heat. 

8.  Electricity. 

9.  Photography. 

10.  Zoology  and  Animal  Physio- 
logy. 


Tennent's  Story  of  the  Guns-The  Resources  of  the  North  Country 
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Exeter  Hall  Lecture-Hunt's  Negro's  Place  in  Nature-The  Batavian 
Formulte'  Experimental  Philosophy-Spectrum  Analysis-Chemical 

Notes  and  Correspondence. 

Silvered  Glass  Telescopes,  and  Celestial  Photography  in  America. 
Henry  Draper,  M.D.,  University  ol  New  York  (.illustrated). 

The  Brazilian  Coal-Fields.  Edward  Hull,  B.A.,  F.G.S.  (illus- 
trated). 


Linseed  and  Malt    as  Cattle  Food. 
Gazette. 


J.   C.  Morton,  Edr.  Agl. 
:.  C.  Sorby,  F.R.8. 
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ON 

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demiology,  Public  Health,  Etiology,  Hospitals,  Museums, 
Schools  of  Medicine  and  Science,  Medical  Biographies  of 
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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


273 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  APRIL  2,  1864. 


CONTENTS. —No.  118. 

NOTES :  —  Dinan :  Legends  and  Traditions,  273  —  Cornish 
Proverbs,  275  —  The  Library  of  the  Escorial,  Spain,  276  — 
Curious  Mode  of  taking  an  Oath  in  India,  277  —  What  be- 
came of  Voltaire's  Remains?  Ib.—  Swift  and  Hughes  — 
Latest  Yankee  Word  —  Meaning  of  Hoo  —  English  Wool 
in  1682  —  The  Golden  Dropsy  —  Prester-  John  in  the  Arms 
of  the  See  of  Chichester  — Misapprehension  of  a  Text  — 
Titles  of  Books  —  Transportation  of  Muir,  278. 

QUERIES :  —  Authors  of  Hymns  —  Rev.  Edward  Bourchier 

—  Chaperon  —  Sir  John  de  Coningsby  —  Cowper  —  John 
Cranidge,  M.A.  — De  Foe  and  Dr.  Livingstone  —  Gustavo 
Dor6— Thomas  Fuller  —  Heather  Burning  — The  Order 
of  Victoria  and  Albert  —  Parietines  —  Parson  Chaff  — 
"Rob  Roy"  — A  Gentleman's  Signet— "Thou  art  like 
unto  like,  as  the  Devil  said  to  the  Collier"— Turner's 
"  Miscellanea  Curiosa  "  —  Value  of  Money,  30  Edw.  III.  — 

—  Professor  Wilson's  Father,  280. 

QUEEIES  WITH  ANSWERS  :  —  John  Lund  of  Pontefract,  a 
Humorous  Poet  —  Preface  to  the  Bible— Goose  Intentos 

—  Charles  Bailley  —Wilde's  Nameless  Poem  —Ursula, 
Lady  Altham  — Bentinck  Family,  282. 

EE PLIES:  —  Beau  Wilson,  284  —  Sir  John  Verdon  and  his 
Heirs,  285  — The  Earth  a  living  Creature,  286  — Colkitto 
and  Galasp,  287  —  Haydn's  Canzonets  —  Inchgaw  — 
Captain  James  Gifford  and  Admiral  Gifford  —  Erroneous 
Monumental  Inscriptions  in  Bristol  —  Wildrnore  and 
Whitimore  —  Illegitimate  Children  of  Charles  II.  —  Lead- 
ing Apes  in  Hell—  Pamphlet— Ancestor  Worship— Veri- 
fying Quotations :  Traditions,  &c.  —  Portraits  of  Our 
Lord  —  Bancroft  —  Trust  and  Trusty,  288. 

Notes  on  Books.  &c. 


DINAN:  LEGENDS  AND  TRADITIONS. 

To  one  who  has  passed  seventeen  years  in 
London  —  in  the  very  heart  and  centre  of  life, 
of  politics,  commerce,  science,  literature,  and  the 
fine  arts,  and  who  has  now  been  vegetating  for 
some  time  in  the  remote,  torpid,  and  mediaeval 
mile  of  Dinan,  it  is  alike  curious  and  amusing  to 
observe  what  semblance  there  is  in  the  facts  that 
are  about  the  same  period  agitating  the  metro- 
polis of  the  universe  and  this  decayed  fortress  of 
the  Plantagenets.  Whilst  the  Londoners  are 
aghast  at  the  invasion  of  their  parks,  squares,  and 
river  by  multitudinous  railways,  the  Dinanese  are 
making  a  desperate  struggle  to  baffle  an  enter- 
prising Maire,  who  seeks  to  light  their  mansions 
with  gas,  to  make  smooth  their  streets  with  flagged 
pathways,  to  pull  down  tottering  fabrics,0  the 
contemporaries  of  Duguesclin,  and —worst  of  all 
innovations  —  to  connect  their  town  with  the 
only  railway  that  has  yet  passed  over  the  borders 
of  ancient  Brittany. 

The  aggrieved  Londoners  have  The  Times  to 
protect  them  from  the  assaults  of  those  modern 
(roths  — the  railway  navigators;  but  the  adhe- 
3  to  ancient  times  and  by-gone  manners 
have  no  hope  of  finding  an  advocate,  unless  it  be 
m  the  columns  of  Notes  and  Queries. 

The  Dinanese  desire  to  preserve  their  ancient 
town,  with  all  its  quaint  old  buildings— to  keep  it 


as  a  gem  of  antiquity  in  a  land  that  is  strewed 
over  with  antiquities.  They  believe  that  so  long 
as  it  is  left  undisturbed  in  its  antiquated  form,  so 
long  will  it  be  peculiarly  attractive  to  those  who 
find  charms  in  what  is  old,  and  beauties  in  what 
is  picturesque.  Whether  or  not  you  can  fully 
sympathise  with  the  Dinanese  in  their  desire  to 
repel  the  first  advances  towards  modernising  their 
town,  yet  your  readers  will,  I  am  sure,  feel  an 
interest  whilst  glancing  over  a  brief  recapitulation 
of  the  various  legends  and  traditions  that  are 
connected  with  Dinan,  and  the  arrondissement  to 
which  it  gives  its  name. 

Of  the  Breton  warriors  who  took  part  in  the 
battle  of  Hastings,  and  were  richly  rewarded  by  the 
Conqueror  were  the  Counts  of  Leon  and  Porhuet, 
the  Sires  of  Dinan,  Gael,  Fougeres,  and  Chateau- 
giron  ;  and,  amongst  those  attracted  to  the  Court 
of  William  by  the  fame  of  his  munificence,  and 
who  believed  that  "  lands  in  England  were  to 
be  had  for  the  asking,"  mention  is  made  by  the 
Chroniclers  of  a  certain  Seigneur  William  de 
Cognisby  (not  Coningsby),  who  came  all  the  way 
from  the  lowest  end  of  Lower  Brittany,  and 
brought  with  him  (as  helps  to  the  Norman  army), 
his  old  wife  "  Tifanie,"  his  servant  girl  "  Manfa," 
and  his  dog  "  Hardi-gras  " !  Connected  with  the 
annals  of  Dinan  are  the  names  of  some  of  the  most 
illustrious  kings  of  England  —  as  well  as  that  of 
the  most  unfortunate  of  them  —  the  luckless 
James  II.  Passing  from  the  town,  its  history, 
encircled  walls,  gates,  tower,  and  ancient  tourna- 
ment-place, we  come  first  to  Pleudihen,  in  which 
there  is  a  Druidical  monument,  that  the  honest 
people  of  the  neighbourhood  firmly  believe  to  be 
"  a  work  of  enchantment,"  placed  on  the  very 
spot  in  which  it  now  stands  by  the  hands  of 
fairies  !  In  the  commune  of  St.  Helen,  the  tra- 
veller is  made  acquainted  with  one  of  the  many 
parishes  in  Brittany  named  after  Irish  saints. 
This  particular  parish  derives,  it  is  said,  its  de- 
signation from  a  family  of  ten  Irish  saints  — 
seven  brothers  and  three  sisters  —  who  landed  at 
the  mouth  of  the  Ranee  in  the  reign  of  King 
Clovis,  and  edified  the  whole  country  by  their 
piety  and  miracles.  Of  the  commune  of  Aucan- 
leuc  the  most  remarkable  thing  to  be  told  is  that 
it  originated  a  species  of  do^grell,  far  more  in- 
dicative of  a  "  Feenian  "  passion  for  fighting  with 
a  shillelagh  than  of  poetical  talent.  Here  is  a 
specimen  of  what  are  called  "  The  Vespers  of 
Aucanleuc  " :  — 

"  Premiere  voix.  Un  baton,  deux  batons,  trois  batons ; 

Si  j'avais  encore  un  baton,  cela  ferait  quatre  batons ! 
Deuxieme  voix.  Quatre  batons,  cinq  batons,  six  batons ; 

Si  j'avais  encore  un  baton,  cela  ferait  sept  batons! 
Troisieme  voix.  Sept  batons,  huit  batons,  neuf  batons ; 
Si  j'avais  encore  un  baton,  cela  ferait  dix  batons!  " 

The  commune  of  St.  Carne  is  called  after  a 
Breton  saint,  who  was  said  to  be  the  uncle  of  St. 


274 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  APRIL  2,  '64. 


Patrick,  and  who,  after  helping  to  convert  the 
Irish,  went  to  England,  and  settled  on  the  banks 
of  the  Severn,  where  he  killed  a  monstrous  ser- 
pent that  was  desolating  the  entire  country.  He 
then  returned  to  Ireland,  where  he  died  in  the 
year  506.  The  commune  of  Lamelas  is  so  called 
because  it  is  "  the  church  of  those  who  were 
slaughtered "  by  the  Romans,  when  that  all-con- 
quering people  were  fighting  for  possession  of 
this  country.  In  the  commune  of  Lamelas  is  a 
rock  called  "  La  Roche- au-geant,"  on  which 
human  sacrifices  were  offered  up  to  Hy-ar-Bras, 
or  Dianaff,  the  vanquisher  of  giants.  It  is  pierced 
with  a  deep  hole,  in  which,  as  tradition  tells,  was 
received  the  blood  of  those  immolated  by  the 
Druids.  In  the  commune  of  Plouame  is  the 
Castle  ofCaradeuc  — a  bard  who  was  the  con- 
temporary of  the  enchanter  Merlin. 

The  commune  of  St.  Jurat  affords  a  tradition 
of  its  own,  that  bears  upon  a  disputed  point  in 
British  and  German  history  —  the  well-known 
legend  of  "  St.  Ursula  and  the  eleven  thousand 
virgins."  The  various  versions  of  this  legend 
may  be  thus  briefly  told: — 

St.  Jurat,  priest  and  martyr,  in  whose  honour 
the  Dinan  commune  is  designated,  was  the 
spiritual  director  of  St.  Ursula,  daughter  of  Dio- 
notus,  King  of  Albania  (Scotland),  and  accom- 
panied her,  when  she  embarked  with  11,000 
virgins,  all  the  daughters  of  noble  families,  and 
these  11,000  ladies,  were,  it  is  said,  attended  by 
60,000  virgins,  the  daughters  of  low-born  indi- 
viduals. The  fleet  of  virgins  left  Great  Britain 
for  the  purpose  of  repairing  to  Armorica  (Brit- 
tany), where  they  were  expected  by  Conan- 
Meriader,  who  was  betrothed  to  Ursula ;  und,  at 
the  same  time,  there  were  Breton  bridegrooms 
awaiting  each  fair  dame  and  humble  damsel  who 
started  upon  this  matrimonial  voyage.  A  fright- 
ful tempest  forced,  as  some  of  the  legendaries 
maintain,  the  fleet  of  maidens  to  enter  the  mouth 
of  the  Rhine,  where  the  11,000  virgins,  with  the 
Princess  Ursula,  were  martyred  by  pagan  Picts 
and  heathen  Huns  on  October  21,  383.  Such  is 
the  more  common  version  of  the  story  ;  but  the 
Breton  tradition  is,  that  the  11,000  virgin  mar- 
tyrs were  massacred  in  the  isle  of  Pilier,  in  the 
Loire  Inferieure ;  whilst  the  other  poor  maidens 
met  with  a  similar  fate,  at  the  mouth,  not  of  the 
Rhine,  but  of  the  Ranee  (Rinetum)  ;  and  the 
proof  of  the  correctness  of  this  latter  version  is 
the  commune  called  after  the  pious  spiritual 
director  of  so  many  devout  young  ladies,  who 
preferred  death  to  the  dishonour  of  becoming  the 
spouses  of  infidel  barbarians.  * 


*  A  certain  Father  Sirmond  boldly  maintains,  in  op- 
position to  Geoffry  ofMonraouth,  Sigebert,  Natalibus,  and 
Baronius,  that  there  never  were  any  such  persons  as  St. 
Ursula  and  11,000  virgins  —  that «« the  11,000  "  was  only 
"  one  virgin,"  and  her  name  was  "  Undecimilla"  —  that 


Not  less  remarkable  than  the  commune  of  St. 
Jurat  is  that  of  Pledeliac,  and  its  Castle  of  Hu- 
nandaye,  the  ruins  of  which  reek  with  legends  of 
incredible  horrors  perpetrated  within  its  walls. 
These  legends  are  preserved  both  in  prose  and 
rhyme,  and  should  they  ever  meet  with  a  poet, 
gifted  like  Mrs.  Norton,  then  the  fame  of  Hunan- 
daye  may  equal,  if  it  cannot  surpass,  the  renown 
recently  conferred  upon  "  La  Garaye,"  which  is 
also  in  this  arrondissement.  In  the  commune  of 
Plenee-Jugon,  there  is  to  be  seen  the  Abbey  of 
Bosquen,  well  deserving  of  honourable  mention, 
because  its  former  possessors  had  taken  such  care 
of  the  interests  of  their  community,  that  no  matter 
from  what  quarter  the  wind  blew,  it  was  sure  to 
pass  over  lands  that  had  to  pay  them  rent —  a  fact 
that  is  perpetuated  in  a  species  of  rhythmical 
proverb :  — 

"  De  tous  cotes  que  le  vent  ventait 
Bosquen  rentait." 

A  certain  Abbe  du  Coedic  has  given  celebrity 
to  the  commune  of  Ruca,  where  he  resided  for 
some  time.  Of  this  Abbe  it  is  said  that  he  had 
so  wonderful  a  memory,  he  could  repeat  without 
book  the  four  volumes  of  his  Breviary,  with  all 
the  offices  of  the  church';  and  having,  at  the  time 
of  the  Revolution,  to  emigrate  to  Germany,  and 
finding  it  necessary  to  speak  the  language,  he 
began  his  studies  with  learning  the  whole  of  a 
German  dictionary  from  the  first  word  to  the 
last.  This  Abbe  was,  however,  nothing  but  a 
modern  marvel,  and  scarcely  worthy  of  comparison 
with  the  saint  —  Lormel  —  who  has  bestowed  his 
name  upon  another  Dinau  commune.  This  latter 
phenomenon,  it  appears,  was  the  son  of  Hoel- 
the-Great,  and  of  his  wife  St.  Pompea.  He  was 
born  in  569,  in  Wales,  where  his  parents  had  for 
a  time  to  take  refuge.  When  he  was  five  years 
old,  he  was  committed  to  the  care  of  St.  Iltud  as 
his  teacher ;  and  the  first  day  the  alphabet  was 
put  into  his  hand  he  learned  all  the  letters ;  the 
second  day  he  was  able  to  spell  and  to  read  ;  and 
before  the  third  day's  lessons  were  quite  finishedr 
he  knew  how  to  write !  These  are  not  the  only 
remarkable  statements  made  in  connection  with 
the  patron  of  the  commune  of  St.  Lormel ;  for  he 
was  the  brother  of  the  wicked  Prince  of  Canao  ; 
and  upon  the  misdeeds  of  Canao  is  founded  the 
well-known  nursery  tale  of  "  Blue  Beard." 

In  the  commune  of  Crehen  is  the  Castle  of 
Guildo,  the  scene  of  a  very  remarkable  event  in 
Breton  history  —  the  arrest  of  the  unfortunate 
Gilles,  by  order  of  his  brother,  Francis  II. ;  but 
it  is  still  more  interesting  to  the  readers  of  ancient 
British  history,  as  recording  an  event  which  gave 
rise  to  the  tradition  respecting  the  death  of  our 


the  mistake  arose  from  some  martyrology-manuscripts, 
containing  the  words  "  SS.  Ursula  et  Undecimilla  V.M.," 
and  these  were  supposed  to  signify  "  Undecim  millia 
Virginum  Martyrum." 


3"*  S.  V.  APRIL  2,  'G4.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


275 


"  Vortigern."  Near  to  this  castle  is  a  tumulus, 
which  was  found  to  be  filled  with  calcined  bones ; 
and  these  bones  are  believed  to  be  the  remains  of 
Chramnus  (the  rebel  son  of  Clotaire),  who,  with 
his  family,  was  burned  in  a  cabin,  where  they 
had  taken  refuge,  after  being  defeated  in  battle. 
The  simple-minded  inhabitants  of  Crehen  have 
for  ages  believed,  and  still  believe,  that  on  cer- 
tain evenings,  a  female  figure,  all  clothed  in 
white,  is  to  be  seen  creeping  out  of  the  tumulus, 
and  bearing  in  its  hands  a  bundle  of  linen  satu- 
rated with  blood,  which  it  is  seen  to  wash  in  the 
clear  waters  of  the  river  Arguenon. 

The  commune  of  St.  Maden  is  called  after  a 
saint  who  was,  in  his  life- time,  a  servant  —  the 
name  Ma  den  in  Breton  signifying  literally  "  my 
man."  This  pious  domestic  enjoyed  the  singular 
advantage  of  being  valet  to  another  saint — St. 
Goulven  —  and  of  the  two  saints  is  told  an  anec- 
dote worth  preserving.  One  day  St.  Goulven 
despatched  Maden  to  a  rich  individual  living  at 
Plouneur-Triez,  with  a  request  that  he  would 
send  whatever  he  might  have  in  his  hand  at  the 
moment  Maden  met  him.  Unfortunately,  the  rich 
man  was  holding  nothing  of  more  value  than  a 
bucket  filled  with  earth  at  the  time  that  Maden 
delivered  his  saintly  master's  message.  The  bucket 
of  earth  was  transferred  to  Maden,  who  was 
astonished  at  the  great  weight  of  the  burden  he 
was  carrying  home.  Upon  presenting  it  to  St. 
Goulven,  Maden  was  amazed  at  seeing  that  the 
earth  had  been  changed  into  a  yellow  metal ;  but 
he  was  not  at  all  surprised  to  find  his  master,  who 
was,  like  many  a  monk,  a  very  skilful  mechanic, 
make  out  of  the  bucket  of  earth  a  chalice,  three 
crosses,  and  three  square  bells,  all  of  the  purest 
virgin  gold! 

I  pass  over  other  legends  connected  with  the 
arrondissement  of  Dinan  to  mention  Corsent, 
within  two  hours'  walk  of  this  place.  At  Corsent 
is  undoubtedly  to  be  found  the  capital  of  the 
Ancient  Gauls  — the  "  Curiosolitas "  of  Casar 
(Bell.  Gall.  it.  34)  —  and  a  chief  place  of  abode 
for  the  Romans  during  their  occupation  of  Brit- 
tany. Numberless  antiquities  have  been  dis- 
covered, and  are  daily  discovered  in  this  locality. 
More  than  2,000  coins— dating  from  the  time  of 
Caesar  to  Constantine  —  have  been  found,  with 
statues,  vases,  and  medals  of  various  kinds.  So 
abundant  are  [its  antiquities  that  it  has  been 
designated  "  a  second  Herculaneum."  Fortu- 
nately many  of  the  antique  remains  are  now  pre- 
served at  Dinan,  where  they  are  arranged  by  an 
accomplished  scholar,  Signor  Luigi  Odorici,  the 
Conservator  of  the  Museum.  And  these  vene- 
rable mementos  of  men  and  times  passed  away  for 
ever  it  is  now  proposed  to  have  illuminated  with 
flaring  gas,  or  the  still  more  modern  camphine  ! 

"  N.  &  Q."  cannot  aid,  it  may  at  least  sym- 
pathise with  a  quiescent  population,  who  hate  all 


modern  improvements,  and  love  to  ponder  over 
the  days  of  old,  and  who  prefer  the  ages  when 
men  armed  themselves,  and  not  their  walls  nor 
their  ship's  sides  with  iron  ;  who  seek  for  no  other 
favour  but  that  they  may  be  let  alone,  and  that  to 
the  town  in  which  they  dwell,  as  to  a  "  Sleepy 
Hollow  "  or  the  palace  of  Somnus,  these  lines  may 
be  completely  applicable  :  — 

"  Non  fera,  non  pecudes,  non  moti  flamine  ratni, 
Humanseve  sonum  reddunt  convitia  lingua : 
Tuta  quies  habitat." 

W.  B.  MAC  CABE. 
Dinan,  Cotes  du  Nord,  France. 


CORNISH  PROVERBS. 

II.  PROVERBS  RELATING  TO  PLACES. 

1.  You  must  go  to  Marazion  to  learn  manners. 
This  proverb  is  probably  a  relic  of  the  time 

when  Marazion  was  relatively  a  more  considerable 
town  than  it  is  at  present. 

2.  In  your  own  light,  like  the  Mayor  of  Market- 

Jew. 

The  pew  of  the  Mayor  of  Marazion  (or  Market- 
Jew)  was  so  placed,  that  he  was  in  his  own  light. 
A  reference  to  this  was  made  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  2nd 
S.  ix.  51. 

3.  Not  a  word  of  Penzance. 

The  cowardice  of  the  inhabitants  of  this  town 
during  the  invasion  of  Cornwall  by  the  Spanish, 
in  1595,  was  so  glaring,  "  that  they  added,"  as  old 
Heath,  in  his  work  on  Scilly,  quaintly  says,  "  one 
proverb  more  to  this  county." 

4.  Like  Moroah  downs,  hard  and  never  ploughed. 

5.  Always  a  feast  or  a  fast  in  Scilly. 

The  prodigality  of  the  Scillonians  in  old  times 
was  proverbial. 

6.  All  Cornish  gentlemen  are  cousins. 
Formerly,  when  the  Cornish  were  almost  en- 
tirely separated  from  the  rest  of  England,  they 
used  to  marry  "  with  each  others'  stock," — whence 
the  origin  of  this  saying. 

7.  The  good  fellowship  of  Padstow :  Pride  of  Truro : 

Gallants  of  Foy. 

By-words  invented  by  the  neighbouring  and 
envious  towns  ;  or,  according  to  Carew,  "  by  some 
of  the  idle-disposed  Cornish  men." 

8.  There  are  more  Saints  in  Cornwall  than  in  Heaven. 
The  process  of  creation  is  continued  even  at 

the  present  day  :  I  lately,  in  a  Cornish  paper,  met 
with  Saint  Newlyn. 

9.  All  of  a  motion,  like  a  Mulfra  toad  on  a  hot 

showl  (=  shovel). 

10.  Blown  about  like  a  Mulfra  toad  in  a  gale  of  wind. 

1 1.  When  Rame  Head  and  Dodman  meet. 

Two  famous  promontories,  nearly  twenty  miles 


276 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 


S.  V.  APRIL  2,  '64. 


apart.     The  destruction  of  the  world  will  occur  at 
the  time  of  their  union. 

12.  Backwards  and  forwards  like  Boscastle  Fair. 

13.  All  play  and  no  play,  like  Boscastle  Fair,  which 

begins  at  12  o'clock  and  ends  at  noon. 
Highly  parallel  to  this  saying  is  the  proverb : 
11  'Twill  take  place  on  St.  Tib's  Eve."  That  is, 
never,  for  "St.  Tib's  Eve"  is  neither  before  nor 
after  Christmas  Eve.  Some  account  of  this  saint 
will  be  found  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  2nd  S.  ii.  269. 

15.  The  Devil  won't  come  into  Cornwall  for  fear  of 

being  put  into  a  pie. 

In  Cornwall  every  article  of  food  is  dressed 
into  a  pie.  In  a  time  of  great  scarcity,  the  at- 
torneys of  the  county,  at  Quarter  Sessions,  de- 
termined to  abstain  from  every  kind  of  pastry ;  an 
allusion  to  the  proverb  was  introduced  into  an 
epigram  preserved  for  us  in  Dr.  Paris's  Guide  to 
the  Mount's  Bay,  p.  77  :  — - 

"  If  the  proverb  be  true,  that  the  fame  of  our  pies, 

Prevents  us  from  falling  to  Satan  a  prey, 
It  is  clear  that  his  friends — the  attorneys — are  wise, 
In  moving  such  obstacles  out  of  the  way." 

16.  There  are  more  places  than  the  parish  church. 

17.  To  be  presented  in  Halgaver  Court. 

An  allusion  to  a  carnival  formerly  held  on 
Halgaver  Moor,  when  those  who  had  in  any  way 
offended  "  the  youthlyer  sort  of  Bodmin  towns- 
men "  were  tried  and  condemned  for  some  ludi- 
crous offence.  (Carew's  Survey,  126  a.) 

18.  Kingston  down,  well  wrought, 

Is  worth  London  Town,  dear  bought. 
From  this  down,  large  quantities  of  tin  were 
formerly  derived,  though  the  mines  have  long 
become  exhausted.  Another  proverb  relative  to 
Kingston  affirms,  that  when  the  top  is  capped  with 
a  cloud  it  threateneth  a  shower. 

19.  Tis  unlucky  to  begin  a  voyage  on  Childermas 
Day. 

Carew  (p.  32  a)  mentions  that,  "  talk  of  Hares, 
or  such  uncouth  things,  proves  as  ominous  to  the 
fisherman  as  the  beginning  a  voyage  on  Childer- 
mas Day  to  the  Mariner."  In  the  play  of  Sir  John 
Oldcastle  (Act  II.  Sc.  2),  allusion  is  made  to  this 
belief:  — 

"  Friday,  quotha,  a  dismal  day :  Childermas  Day  this 
year  was  Friday." 

P.  W.  TREPOLPEN. 


THE  LIBRARY  OF  THE  ESCORIAL,  SPAIN. 

I  have  often  thought  that  the  manuscripts  and 
printed  works,  in  the  library  of  the  Escorial, 
have  never  been  properly  examined  by  English 
scholars.  Though  they  may  not  be  so  valuable 
as  those  at  Simancas,  yet  the  library  is  acknow- 
ledged to  be,  even  now,  the  richest  in  Europe  in 
manuscripts.  Before  the  French  invasion,  it  is 


said  to  have  contained  30,000  printed  volumes 
and  4300  manuscripts;  according  to  the  state- 
ment of  Townsend  (Journey  through  Spain,  in  the 
Years  1786  and  1787,  vol.  ii.  p.  120,  London, 
1791).  Mr.  Inglis,  who  visited  the  library  in 
1830,  mentions  that,  in  spite  of  the  havoc  and 
pilfering  committed  by  the  French,  and  the  de- 
struction caused  by  the  conflagration  at  the 
Escorial  in  1671  — 

"  The  number  of  manuscripts  yet  preserved  there  ex- 
ceeds 4000 :  nearly  one  half  of  the  whole  being  Arabic, 
and  the  rest  in  Latin,  Greek,  Hebrew,  and  the  vulgar 
tongues.  I  shall  name  a  very  few  of  the  most  remark- 
able. There  are  two  copies  of  the  Iliad  of  the  tenth  and 
twelfth  centuries.  There  are  many  fine  and  ancient 
Bibles,  particularly  in  Greek,  and  one  Latin  copy  of  the 
Gospels,  of  the  eleventh  century.  There  are  two  books 
of  Ancient  Councils,  in  Gothic  characters,  and  illumin- 
ated: the  one  belonging  to  the  tenth  century,  called 
'  El  Codigo  Vigilano,'  because  written  by  a  monk  named 
Vigilia ;  the  other  of  the  year  994,  written  by  a  priest  of 
the  name  of  Velasco.  A  very  ancient  Koran  is  also  shown ; 
and  a  work  of  considerable  value,  written  in  six  large 
volumes,  it  is  said  by  the  command  of  Philip  II.,  upon 
the  Revenues  and  Statistics  of  Spain.  But  the  most  an- 
cient manuscript  is  one  in  poetry,  written  in  Longo- 
bardic :  it  dates  as  far  back  as  the  ninth  century.  The 
Arabic  MSS.  are  also  many  and  curious,"  &c.  —  'Rambles 
in  Spain,  2nd  edit.,  London,  1831,  p.  276. 

Mr.  Ford  states  in  nis  Handbook  for  Spain 
(Part  ii.  p.  760,  edit.  1855)  — 

"  that  King  Joseph  removed  all  the  volumes  to  Madrid, 
but  Ferdinand  sent  them  back  again,  minus  some  10,000 ; 
and  amongst  them  the  Catalogue,  which  was  most  judi- 
ciously purloined.  Thus,  what  is  lost  will  never  be 
known,  and  will  never  be  missed,"  &c. 

A  catalogue  of  the  Arabic  MSS.  was  published 
by  Miguel  Casiri  at  Madrid,  in  two  vols.  folio, 
with  the  title,  Biblioiheca  Arabico-Hispana  Escu- 
rialcnsis,  1760-70.  But,  I  believe,  the  work  is 
full  of  inaccuracies. 

There  is  an  account,  in  Spanish,  of  the  Escorial 
and  its  library,  written  by  one  of  the  Fathers 
named  Francisco  de  los  Santos ;  the  work  is  en- 
titled : 

"  Descripcion  del  Real  Monasterio  de  San  Lorenzo  del 
Escorial,  Unica  Maravilla  del  Mundo."  Madrid,  1681. 

At  p.  84,  &c.  (Discurso  xvi.),  comes  an  account 
of  the  principal  library.  But  it  is  a  very  meagre 
description  of  the  books  and  manuscripts  which,  in 
the  seventeenth  century,  must  have  been  so  nume- 
rous and  complete.  The  author  was  evidently  no 
bibliomaniac.  He  certainly  mentions  a  few  of  the 
curiosities  :  such  as  the  manuscript  of  the  "  Four 
Gospels,"  named  "  El  Codice  Aureo ;"  because  it 
is  "  un  Libro  en  que  estan  con  letras  de  oro  fines- 
simo  y  resplandeciente,  los  quatro  Evangelios 
enteros,  con  los  Prefacios  de  San  Geronimo." 
Has  this  Codex  ever  been  examined  by  any 
Biblical  scholar?  Is  it  still  to  be  seen  in  the 
library  ?  These  are  questions  which  I  cannot 
answer.  The  ancient  Bibles,  in  various  languages, 


3rd  s.  V.  APRIL  2,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


277 


are  also  mentioned ;  but  he  does  not  state  the 
dates,  nor  particular  editions.  A  Greek  Bible  is 
referred  to  in  these  words  :  "  Y  una  Griega  del 
Emperador  Catacuzeno  (?),  de  mucha  correspon- 
dencia  con  la  de  los  Setenta,  que  se  imprimio  en 
Roma."  No  date  is  given. 

A  treatise  of  St.  Augustine,  entitled  "  De  Bap- 
tismo  Purvulorum,"  is  mentioned  as  written  in 
the  saint's  own  handwriting ;  and  another  MS. : 

"  Que  contiene  los  Evangelios  que  se  cantan  en  la 
Iglesia,  por  el  discurso  del  ano,  en  la  letra  Griega  an- 
tiquissima." 

There  is  also  preserved  the  manuscript  Life  of 
St.  Teresa,  written  by  herself,  besides  other  trea- 
tises of  the  saint ;  which  are  now  allowed  to  be 
seen  by  visitors,  though  other  manuscripts  are 
not,  without  special  permission.  The  books  used 
in  the  choir  —  Los  libros  del  Coro  —  are  splen- 
didly illuminated :  most  of  them  are  of  gigantic 
parchment,  and  were  originally  218  in  number 
according  to  Ford.  Philip  II.,  Arias  Montanus, 
and  Philip  IV.,  were  the  principal  benefactors  to 
the  library.  The  books  have  their  edges,  not 
the  backs,  turned  towards  the  spectator :  the 
reason  seems  to  be,  because  they  were  thus  ar- 
ranged by  Montanus  according  to  the  plan  ob- 
served in  his  own  library.  I  am  not  certain, 
whether  a  correct  and  complete  catalogue  of  the 
books  and  MSS.  has  been  published  within  the 
last  few  years.  Permission  may,  however,  be  easily 
obtained  to  examine  or  copy  from  any  work  or 
manuscript.  J.  D ALTON. 

Norwich. 


CURIOUS  MODE  OF  TAKING  AN  OATH  IN 
INDIA. 

A  friend  of  mine,  who  spent  several  years  in 
India  as  an  officer  in  the  European  and  native  forces, 
told  me  the  following  curious  anecdote ;  and,  as 
he  vouches  for  its  accuracy,  I  think  it  worth  re- 
cording in  a  corner  of  "  N.  &  Q."  The  transac- 
tion took  place  in  Secundrabad  in  1824,  where 
my  friend  was  stationed  at  the  time  with  his  regi- 
ment. An  English  serjeant-major,  who  was  very 
much  respected  by  the  officers  and  men  of  the 
regiment,  happened  by  accident  to  wound,  but 
not  dangerously,  by  a  random  shot,  a  coloured  na- 
tive, who  was  a  person  of  some  consequence  in  the 
locality. 

Although  it  was  well  known  that  the  affair  was 
purely  accidental,  the  wounded  man  and  his 
friends  raised  considerable  discussion  about  it,  and 
insisted  on  having  the  offender  brought  to  trial 
for  it,  on  a  charge  of  having  attempted  to  murder 
ie  native.  The  colonel  who  commanded  the  re- 
giment at  last  consented,  and  the  accused  was 
•rought  to  trial.  A  padra  (a  native),  an  indivi- 

al  who  combined  the  character  of  lawyer,  priest, 
and  interpreter,  undertook  to  have  the  prisoner 


acquitted,  and  he  was  gladly  engaged  for  that 
purpose. 

The  whole  case  rested  on  the  single  evidence  of 
the  injured  man,  and  on  the  mode  of  swearing 
him  the  padra  rested  his  defence.  The  manner 
in  which  the  natives  of  India  are  sworn  is  as 
follows :  —  A  piece  of  cliunam  (lime)  about  the 
size  of  pea,  with  a  piece  of  leaf  called  a  betel 
leaf,  are  given  to  the  witness  to  chew  and  swallow, 
and  he  is  then  solemnly  warned  that  if  he  speaks 
anything  but  the  truth  after  swallowing  the  above, 
the  first  time  he  expectorates  afterwards  his 
heart's  blood  would  come  up.  The  padra  knew 
that  the  natives  were  strongly  impressed  with  this 
notion,  in  fact  it  is  a  dogma  of  their  religious 
belief;  but  they  are  quite  ignorant  that  the  amal- 
gation  by  mastication  of  the  leaf  and  the  chunam 
with  the  gastric  juice,  produces  a  substance  much 
resembling  blood.  In  the  case  under  notice,  the 
oath  was  put  or  administered  in  the  usual  man- 
ner, and  when  the  witness  had  swallowed  the 
contents,  the  padra  called  on  him  to  expectorate 
which  he  did,  when  a  loud  cry  was  raised  in  the 
court  that  he  was  a  false  witness  as  the  substance 
resembled  blood,  and  the  witness  himself  became 
so  alarmed  that  he  refused  to  proceed  further  in 
the  case,  and  the  sergeant-major  was  acquitted. 
My  friend  at  the  time  was  rather  startled,  but  on 
a  subsequent  interview  with  the  padra,  the  latter 
explained  the  whole  affair,  which  is,  to  say  the 
least  of  it,  very  curious. 

I  have  ascertained  since  the  above  was  written 
that  the  mode  of  swearing  alluded  to  is  the  com- 
mon mode  in  India,  another  Indian  officer  having 
told  me  he  saw  it  administered  in  all  cases  where 
the  natives  are  sworn,  in  criminal  or  civil  cases. 

S.  REDMOND. 

Liverpool. 


WHAT  BECAME  OF  VOLTAIRE'S    REMAINS  ? 

Some  of  the  French  papers  are  now  discussing 
this  question.  The  Figaro  (this  resume  of  the 
statement  is  taken  from  an  English  daily  news- 
paper), states  — 

"  That  a  rumour,  for  some  time  past  in  circulation,  to 
the  effect  that  the  remains  of  Voltaire  are  no  longer  at  the 
Pantheon,  has  now  been  confirmed.  The  tomb  is  empty, 
and  nothing  is  known  as  to  what  has  become  of  its  con- 
tents. This  discovery  was  made,  it  declares,  through  the 
following  incident : — The  heart  of  Voltaire,  as  is  generally 
known,  was  left  by  will  to  the  Villette  family,  and  had 
been  deposited  in  their  chateau ;  the  present  Marquis  de 
Villette,  a  descendant  of  Voltaire,  having  resolved  to  sell 
the  estate,  offered  the  celebrated  relic  to  the  Emperor ;  it 
was  accepted  by  the  Minister  of  the  Interior  in  the  name 
of  his  Majesty,  and  the  question  then  arose  as  to  what 
should  be  done  with  it.  The  most  natural  idea  was  to 
place  it  with  the  body  in  the  tomb  of  the  Pantheon ; 
but  a  scruple  arose :  the  Pantheon  had  again  become  a 
place  of  Christian  worship,  and  if  the  tomb  of  Voltaire 
was  still  in  the  vaults,  the  reason  was  rather  from  a  con- 
sideration that  what  was  done  could  not  be  undone  than 


278 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  APRIL  2,  '64. 


from  any  other ;  at  all  events,  no  fresh  ceremony  relative 
to  Voltaire  could  take  place  in  that  building  without  the 
authorisation  of  the  Archbishop  of  Paris.     Mgr.  Darboy, 
on  being  consulted,  before  making  a  reply,  first  hinted 
that  there  was  a  belief  that,  since  1814,  the  Pantheon 
possessed  nothing  belonging  to  Voltaire  but  an  empty 
tomb.    In  consequence,  it  was  determined  to  verify  the 
truth  of  the  report.   A  few  days  back  the  stone  was  raised, 
and,  as  the  archbishop  had  stated,  the  tomb  was  found  to 
be  empty.    A  strict  inquiry  into  the  subject  has  been 
ordered,  and  the  Emperor  has  given  instructions  that  the 
heart  shall  be  enclosed  in  a  silver  vase,  and  deposited 
either  in  the  great  hall  of  the  Imperial  Library,  or  at  the 
Institute  of  France." 
In  a  subsequent  paper  I  find  the  following  :  — 
"  The  removal  of  the  remains  of  Voltaire  from   the 
vaults  of  the  Pantheon  is  related  in  the  following  terms 
in  one  of  the  numbers  of  the  Intermedlare,  which  was 
directed  by  the  bibliophilist  Jacob.    It  will  be  seen  that 
the  mortal  remains  of  Rousseau  were  carried  away  at  the 
same  time: — '  One  night  in  May,  1814,  the  bones  of  Vol- 
taire and  of  Rousseau  were  taken  out  of  the  leaden  cof- 
fins in  which  they  had  been  enclosed,  put  into  a  canvas 
bag,  and  carried  to  a  hackney-coach,  which  was  in  waiting 
at  the  back  of  the  church.  'The  vehicle  drove  off  slowly, 
accompanied  by  five  or  six  persons,  among  whom  were 
the  brothers  Puymorin.    They  arrived  at  about  two  in 
the  morning,  by  deserted  streets,  at  the  Barriere  de  la 
Gare,  opposite  Bercy.    At  that  place  was  a  large  piece  of 
ground,  intended  as  the  site  for  an  entrepot  of  the  com- 
merce of  the  Seine,  but  which  project  was  never  carried 
into  execution.    This  ground,  surrounded  by  a  wooden 


"  in  consequence  of  the  refusal  of  the  Archbishop  of 
Paris  to  allow  him  Christian  burial.  It  is  generally  re- 
ceived that  the  body  was  exhumed  and  deposited  in  the 
Pantheon,  and  this  is  stated  by  Alison  in  his  History  of 
Europe.  The  bodies  of  Rousseau  and  Descartes  were  re- 
moved and  deposited  there  also,  and  no  doubt  such  a 
decree  was  made  by  the  Convention  ;  but  it  may  be  open 
to  question  whether  the  fact  of  the  tomb  of  Voltaire, 
being  now  found  empty  is  not  evidence  that  the  body 
had  not  been  removed  from  its  first  resting-place,  rather 
than  that  a  second  exhumation  had  taken  place  under 
the  circumstances  named  by  the  Intermedia™." 

It  might  be  the  removal  was   only  made    in 
form.  T.  B. 

SWIFT  AND  HUGHES.  —  When  the  handsome 
Hughes,  the  protege  of  Cowper  and  Macclesfield, 
died  in  1720,  almost  within  hearing  of  the  first 
night's  applause  which  crowned  his  Siege  of  Da- 
mascus, his  friends  began  to  collect  his  poetical 
pieces,  and,  though  they  were  long  about  it,  they 
published  them  in  two  vols.  in  1735.  A  copy 
was  sent  to  Swift,  who,  acknowledging  the  re- 
ceipt of  it  to  Pope,  writes  :  "  I  never  heard  of  the 
man  in  my  life,  yet  I  find  your  name  as  a  sub- 
scriber." Swift  does  not  add,  what  is  the  fact, 
that  his  own  name  is  down  as  a  subscriber  !  He 


says  of  the  small  bard  who  wrote  a  tragedy  to 

JULW     \^*vt^u.LlUil.  JLJ1IO    £^I  VUllVlj       OUI1UUUUCU.      Uy      £t       WUUU.t3Il      |          1  1  •  j  •  r»  ^  J 

fence,  belonged  at  that  time  to  the  city  of  Paris,  and  had  show  tne  inexpediency  of  spreading  religion  by 
not  yet  received  any  other  destination;  the  neighbourhood  the  sword,  and  penned  lines  on  Molinda  cuttino- 
was  full  of  low  wine  shops  and  eating-houses.  A  deep  peacocks  out  of  paper,  and  Lucinda  making  teal 
pit  had  been  dug  in  the  midst  of  this  waste  ground,  "  " 
where  other  persons,  besides  those  who  accompanied  the 
carriage,  were  in  waiting.  The  bag  containing  the  bones 
was  emptied  on  a  bed  of  hot  lime.  The  pit  was  then 
filled  up  with  earth,  and  trampled  on  in  silence  by  the 
authors  of  this  last  inhumation  of  Voltaire.  Then  they 
drove  off,  satisfied  with  themselves  at  having  fulfilled,  in 
their  opinion,  a  sacred  duty  as  Royalists  and  Christians." 
Is  it  correct  that  the  remains  of  Voltaire  were 
placed  in  the  Pantheon  ?  It  is  related  by  one  of 


He  is  too  grave  a  poet  for  me,  and  I  think 
among  the  mediocrists  in  prose  as  well  as  in 
verse."  Pope  thought  that  what  Hughes  lacked 
in  genius  was  compensated  for  by  bis  honesty  as 
a  man, —  which  was  Pope's  way  of  agreeing  with 
Swift.  J.  DOBAN. 

LATEST  YANKEE  WORD. — I  see  from  the  Ame- 
rican papers  for  February  that  the  people  of  the 


Mignot  was  abbot;  his  heart  was  sent  to  his 
friend  the  Marquise  *  de'Villette,  enclosed  in  a 
sarcophagus,  &c.  The  same  writer  states  pre- 
viously, that  the  Curate  of  St.  Sulpice  had  declared 
that  he  would  not  bury  him,  and  that  if  the  com- 
mands  of  his  superior  obliged  him  to  perform  the 
office,  he  would  have  the  body  dug  up  during  the 
night.  Mr.  Standish  treats  this  as  an  improbable 
rumour,  but  mentions  it  as  one  that  had  been 
publicly  made. 

In  Gorton's  Biographical  Dictionary  it  is  stated 
that  by  a  decree  of  the  Convention  in  1791  the 
body  was  brought  to  the  church  of  St.  Genevieve, 
which  church  during  the  revolution  was  consti- 
tuted the  Pantheon.  The  same  authority  says, 
that  he  was  interred  secretly  in  the  first  place  at 
Selhere,  — 

*  Query  Marquis. 


tion,  of  mixing  races ;  more  especially  of  freed 
negroes  and  whites.  It  is  made  up  of  miscere 
and  genus. 

As  the  result  is  so  ugly,  one  may  be  allowed  to 
hope  that  it  will  never  become  "  a  household 
word  "  on  this  side  of  the  Atlantic.  H.  B. 

MEANING  or  Hoo. —  Seeing  a  question  in  a  re- 
cent number  of  "  N.  &  Q."  respecting  the  ending 
of  certain  local  names  with  the  syllable  hou,  or 
hoo,  I  venture  to  put  forth  a  suggestion  in  hopes 
of  extracting  some  further  information  on  the 
subject.  In  Thoroton's  History  of  Notts,  Bing- 
ham  is  stated  to  have  been  called  Binghams/fo?<  ; 
and  the  author  remarks  that  it  was  so  called  on 
account  of  the  great  turne  or  pit  near  the  Fosse 
Road,  about  a  mile  from  the  town,  where  anciently 
court  leets  were  held,  and  borough  business  trans- 
acted ;  such  meetings  being  convened  there  even 


.  APRIL  2,  '04.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


279 


as  late  as  the  days  of  the  Jameses,  though  the 
members  usually  adjourned  to  a  neighbouring 
village  for  the  transaction  of  business.  This  pit 
still  "remains,  and  though  much  effaced  by  long 
ploughing,  is  yet  a  remarkable  spot.  It  is  on 
very  high  ground,  sunk  to  a  depth  of  about  twelve 
or  fourteen  feet  deep,  and  forms  a  complete  am- 
phitheatre of  about  eighty  yards  across.  It  goes 
by  the  name  of  the  Moot  House  Pit ;  a  phrase  that 
points  to  the  original  meaning  of  the  expression 
still  in  use,  to  moot  or  debate  a  point.  It  would 
be  interesting  to  find  out  whether  the  ancient 
synod  called  Clovishou  was  held  in  some  such  pit, 
and  perhaps  there  may  be  yet  a  legendary  trace 
of  it  in  the  neighbourhood  which  might  elucidate 
the  matter  and  support  my  theory,  that  hou  simply 
means  hole.  M.  £.  M. 

ENGLISH  WOOL  IN  1682.  —  Subjoined  is  an 
earlier  testimony  to  the  excellence  of  English 
wool  and  cloth  :  — 

"  Colles  passim  multi,  nullis  arboribus  consiti,  neque 
aquarum  fontibus  irrigui,  qui  herbam  tenuissimam  atque 
brevissimam  producunt,  quse  tamen  ovibus  abunde  pabu- 
lum suppediat ;  per  eos  ovium  greges  candidissimi  va- 
gantur,  quae  sive  cceli,  seu  bonitate  terras,  mollia,  et  longe 
omnium  aliarum  regionum  tenuissima  ferunt  vellera. 
Hoc  vellus  vere  aurum  est,  in  quo  potissimum  insula- 
norum  divitiae  consistunt ;  nam  magna  et  auri  et  argenti 
copia  a  negociatoribus  ejusmodi  imprimis  coemendae  mercis 
gratia,  in  insulam  quotannis  impoi  tatur." 

Again :  — 

*'  Notissimum  est  et  illud,:pannos  Anglicos  ob  materiae 
bonitatem  valde  commendari,  et  in  omnia  Europae  regna 
et  provincias  importari."  —  From  the  Itinerary  of  Paul 
Hentzner,  1568.  (See  "  N.  &  Q."  3r*  S.  iv.  428.) 

JOB  J.  B.  WORKARD. 

THE  GOLDEN  DROPSY.  —  This  was,  perhaps,  a 
well-worn  phrase  when  Arthur  Dent  wrote  of 
some,  "  These  men  are  sick  of  the  golden  dropsy, 
the  more  they  have  the  more  they  desire."  A 
very  good  illustration  hereof  is  supplied  by  Garth 
in  The  Dispensary  :  — 

"Then  Hydrops  next  appears  amongst  the  throng; 
Bloated  and  big  she  slowly  sails  along : 
But,  like  a  miser,  in  excess  she's  poor, 
And  pines  for  thirst  amidst  her  watery  store." 

B.  H.  C. 

PRESTRR-JOHN  IN  THE  ARMS  OF  THE  SEE  OF 
CHICHESTER.  —  Mr.  Boutell,  in  his  book  on 
Heraldry,  says  (p.  436),  that  he  has  never  seen  a 
satisfactory  blazon  of  these  arms,  and  suggests 
that  Prester-John  is  intended  to  represent  St. 
John  the  Evangelist. 

I  saw,  some  time  ago,  an  instance  of  the  figure 
being  drawn  rather  differently  from  the  usual 
manner :  the  sword  being  represented,  not  as 
piercing  the  mouth,  but  as  proceeding  from  it  (the 
hilt,  and  not  the  blade,  being  between  the  lips), 
and  the  blade  extended  towards  the  sinister.  To 
my  mind  it  is  perfectly  clear  that  the  figure  re- 


presents neither  Prester-  John  nor  the  Evangelist, 
but  our  Blessed  Lord  Himself,  seated,  and  in  the 
act  of  benediction.  The  reason  of  His  being  re- 
presented with  a  sword  proceeding  from  His 
mouth  will  be  clear  to  any  one  who  refers  to  the 
Book  of  Revelation,  i.  16  ;  ii.  12  ;  xix.  15. 

JOHN  WOODWARD. 
New-Shoreham. 

[Mr.  Dallaway's  remarks  on  the  arms  of  the  diocese 
of  Chichester  and  its  ancient  seal,  upon  which  was  en- 
graven the  figure  of  Christ,  may  be  found  in  our  1"  S.  x. 
186.] 

MISAPPREHENSION  OF  A  TEXT.  —  A  curious  in- 
stance of  a  mistaken  reference  to  Scripture  is 
found  in  Gesner's  edition  of  Horace.  Comment- 
ing on  the  words,  "sagittas  et  celerem  fugam 
Parthi"  (Carm.,  ii.  13,  18),  Gesner  refers  to 
Psalm  Ixxvii.  9  — "  Filii  Ephrem  intendentes  et 
mittentes  arcum  conversi  sunt  in  die  belli " — as  a 
proof  of  the  Parthian  mode  of  fighting  being  prac- 
tised by  the  Jews.  The  passage,  as  every  one 
knows,  has  nothing  whatever  to  do  with  this 
matter.  W.  J.  D. 

TITLES  OF  BOOKS.  —  iSTot  less  curious,  perhaps, 
than  the  derivation  of  the  titles  of  serials  from 
poets,  would  be  titles  of  celebrated  books,  having 
a  similar  origin;  e.g.  Gibbon's  great  work  evi- 
dently owes  its  title,  perhaps  its  suggestion,  to 
Thomson's  lines  :  — 
" .        .        .        .        The  sage  historic  muse 
Should  next  conduct  us  through  the  deeps  of  Time, 
Show  us  how  Empire  grew,  declined,  andy*e/Z." 

As  does  the  scarcely  less  famous  work,  in  its  own 
line,  of  Adam  Smith  appear  indebted  to  Dryden, 
who  says :  — 
"  The  winds  were  hushed,  the  waves  in  ranks  were  cast 

As  awfully  as  when  God's  people  passed ; 

Those,  3Tet  uncertain  on  whose  sails  to  blow ; 

These,  where  the  Wealth  of  Nations  ought  to  flow.*' 

Such  an  instance  as  Douglas  Jerrold's  taking  a 
title  from  Shakspeare's  words  — 

"  Dost  thou  think  because  thou  art  virtuous  there 
shall  be  no  more  Cakes  and  Ale  9  " — 

is  not  much  in  point  ;  but  I  should  think  that, 

when  Prof.  G.  L.  Craik  wanted  a  title  for  his  book 

called  The  English  of  Shakspeare,  he  must  have 

had  some  latent  memory  of  Wordsworth's  words — 

"  We  must  be  free  or  die  who  speak  the  tongue 

That  Shakspeare  spake. 

By-the-bye,  may  not  Leigh  Hunt's  volumes  — 
Men,  Women,  and  Boohs  —  be  somewhat  indebted 
to  the  same  writer's 

"  But  equally  a  want  of  books  and  men"  ? 

SAMUEL  NEIL. 

Moffat. 

TRANSPORTATION  OF  MUIR. — Perhaps  you  may 
regard  the  following  extract,  from  the  Diary  and 
Correspondence  of  Lord  Colchester,  as  meriting 
the  greater  publicity,  which  it  will  receive  by 


280 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[8«i  S.  V.  APRIL  2,  '64. 


being  copied  into  your  widely-  circulated  columns 
The  subject  to  which  it  relates  is  now  an  old  one 
viz.  the  trials  which  took  place  in  Scotland  in 
1793  and  1794,  of  Thomas  Muir  and  others,  on 
the  charge  of  sedition  ;  but  though  old,  it  has  no 
yet  entirely  lost  its  interest,  and  public  attention 
has  been  recalled  to  it  in  the  Memoirs  of  Lore 
Cockburn.      The   sentence  of  transportation  fo 
fourteen  years,  which  followed  on  the  convictions 
has  generally  been  thought  very  severe  —  even  after 
making  allowance  for  the  excitement  of  the  times 
but  it  now  appears  to  have  been  utterly  illegal 
Lord  Colchester's  words  are  :  — 

"  The  Act,  25  Geo.  III.  cap.  46,  for  removing  offenders 
in  Scotland  to  places  of  temporary  confinement,  was 
suffered  to  expire  in  1788,  when  the  Act  24  Geo.  III 
cap.  56,  for  the  removal  of  offenders  in  England,  was  con- 
tinued by  Stat.  28  Geo.  III.  cap.  24.  And  this  accidental 
expiration  of  the  Scotch  Act  was  so  much  unnoticed,  that 
Muir  and  Palmer  were  actually  removed  from  Scotland, 
and  transported  to  Botany  Bay  ;  though  there  was  no 
Statute  then  in  force  to  warrant  it."—  Vol.  i.  p.  50. 

^That  this  outrage  on  the  law  (for  it  deserves  no 
milder  term)  should  have  been  permitted,  seems 
equally  discreditable  to  the  court,  the  public  pro- 
secutor, and  the  legal  advisers  of  the  accused. 

J.  R.  B. 

Edinburgh. 


AUTHORS  OF  HYMNS.  —  !  should  feel  greatly 
obliged  if  any  reader  of  "  K  &  Q."  could  state 
who  composed  any  of  the  following  hymns  :    _ 
"  Ere  another  Sabbath's  close." 

Bichersteth's  Coll  1833. 
"  God  of  mercy,  thron'd  on  high." 

BickerstetVs  Coll.  1833. 
"  Hosanna  !  raise  the  pealing  hymn." 

Cams  Wilson's  Coll  1838. 
"  In  memory  of  the  Saviour's  love." 

Whittingharis  Coll  1835. 
"  Jesus  Christ  is  risen  to-day." 

Prayer  Book 
"  Jerusalem,  my  happy  home." 

"  Lord  of  my  life,  whose  tender  care." 

Society  Hymn  Book,  1853. 
"  Lord,  when  before  Thy  throne  we  meet." 

Society  Hymn  Book,  1853. 
O  God,  Thy  grace  and  blessing  give." 

Society  Hymn  Book,  1853. 
Rejoice,  though  storms  assail  thee." 

Burgess's  Coll  1853. 
Saviour  who  Thy  flock  art  feeding." 

American  Prayer  Book. 

Thou  God  of  love,  beneath  Thy  sheltering  wings." 
Church  Porch,  July  2,  1855. 

Sun  Street,  City.  DANIEL  SEDGWICK. 

REV.  EDWARD  BOURCHIER.—  Information  as  to 
ie  parentage  and  ancestry  of  the  Rev.  Edward 


Bourchier,  M.A.,  is  much  desired.  He  was  Rec- 
tor of  Bramfield,  Herts,  from  1740  to  1755 ; 
Vicar  of  All  Saints,  and  St.  John's,  in  Hertford ; 
Justice  of  the  Peace  for  Herts ;  died  Nov.  17, 
1755,  aged  sixty-eight,  and  was  buried  in  Brant- 
field  church.  The  arms  on  his  monument  there 
are  those  of  the  old  Earls  of  Ewe  and  Essex ; 
from  which  it  may  be  inferred  that  he  was  of  the 
same  stock.  Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  say 
how  he  derived  from  them  ?  His  brother,  Charles 
Bourchier,  "  went  to  Ireland  after  the  Revolution 
with  the  Hon.  Gen.  Villiers,  his  (Charles's)  wife's 
uncle;"  was  M.P.  for  Armagh  at  the  time  of  his 
death,  in  1716 ;  and  father  of  Charles  Bourchier, 
sometime  Governor  of  Bombay. 

EDWTN  AP  GRONO. 

CHAPERON. — Will  some  of  your  French  corre- 
spondents, with  an  authority  which  I  cannot  pre- 
tend to,  inform  the  British  public  that  this  word 
does  not  assume  a  feminine  form,  when  applied  to 
a  matron  protecting  an  unmarried  girl  ? 

It  signifies  "a  hood;"  and,  when  used  meta- 
phorically, means,  that  the  experienced  married 
woman  shelters  the  youthful  debutante  as  a  hood 
shelters  the  face.  But  almost  all  our  authors, 
especially  our  novelists,  write  the  word  "  chape- 
rone,"  when  used  metaphorically. 

One  is  reminded  of  the  British  female  at  Calais, 
who,  on  being  asked  by  the  Hanchisseuse  whether 
a  certain  piece  of  linen  was  not  sa  chemise,  re- 
plied with  dignity  :  "  Nori,  c'est  le  chemis  de  mon 
mari."  STYLITES. 

SIR  JOHN  DE  CONINGSBY. — I  should  feel  obliged 
if  any  of  the  numerous  correspondents  of  "N.  &  Q." 
could  give  any  particulars  respecting  the  lineage  of 
the  Sir  John  de  Coningsby,  who  was  slain  in  the 
Barons'  Wars  at  Chesterfield,  temp.  John,  1266. 

G.  J.  T. 
Leeds. 

COWPER.  —  I  should  feel  obliged  if  some  corre- 
spondent of  "  N.  &  Q."  would  kindly  furnish  me 
with  a  complete  list  of  the  Biographies  of  Cowper, 
and  Sketches  of  his  Life.  Exclusive  of  the  ad- 
mirable productions  of  Southey,  Grimshaw,  Tay- 
lor, &c.,  I  believe  there  are  other  publications 
extant  which  appeared  shortly  after  his  demise.* 
I  should  also  feel  thankful  for  a  list  of  the  various 
ectures  which  have  been  given  on  the  life  and 
genius  of  the  poet.  C.  K. 

JOHN  CRANIDGE,  M.A. — This  gentleman  pub- 
ished :  — 

"A  Mirror  of  the  Burgesses  and  Commonalty  of  the 
3ity  of  Bristol,  in  which  is  exhibited  to  their  view  a  part 
>f  the  great  and  many  interesting  benefactions  and  en- 
dowments of  which  the  City  hath  to  boast,  and  for  which 
he  Corporation  are  responsible  as  the  Stewards  and 
trustees  thereof.  Correctly  transcribed  from  authentic 
ocuments.  Bristol,  8vo." 


[*  Vide  Bohn's  Lowndes,  art.  "Cowper,"  p.  541.— ED.] 


3'd  S.  V.  APRIL  2,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


281 


There  is  no  date  on  the  title-page,  but  the 
Dedication  is  dated  Upper  Easton  Row,  Nov.  20, 
1818.  The  work,  including  index,  contains  296 
pages.  It  would  seem  to  have  been  published  in 
numbers.  I  desire  to  know  more  about  this 
author.  S.  Y.  R. 

DE  FOE  AND  DR.  LIVINGSTONE.  —  I  think  it 
nearly  certain,  from  a  perusal  of  De  Foe's  Life 
of  Captain  Singleton,  and  Dr.  Livingstone's  late 
travels,  that  the  former  must  have  been  acquainted 
with  some  traveller  who  had  crossed  the  southern 
part  of  the  African  continent,  and  had  seen  the 
Victoria  Falls.  I  remember  having  once  met 
with  an  old  map  on  which,  and  nearly  in  the  lati- 
tude of  Livingstone's  discoveries,  was  marked  the 
track  of  a  Portuguese  traveller  who  had  crossed 
the  continent,  but  I  forget  in  what  book.  Can  any 
of  your  readers  remind  me  ?  H.  C. 

GUSTAVE  DORE. — Will  some  French  reader  of 
*'  N.  &  Q."  put  on  record  in  your  pages  a  list  of 
the  books  illustrated  by  that  wonderful  artist 
Gustave  Dore,  who  has  gained  world-wide  fame 
by  his  Dante  and  Don  Quixote  ?  I  have  seen 
cheap  French  novels,  containing  woodcuts  by  him, 
which  are  unsurpassed  by  any  of  his  later  works. 
A  LORD  or  A  MANOR. 

DR.  THOMAS  FULLER.  —  Can  I  be  informed 
where  I  can  consult  a  copy  of  The  Life  of  that 
Reverend  Divine  and  learned  Historian,  Dr.  Thomas 
Fuller,  published  anonymously,  in  12mo,  in  Lon- 
don, 1661?  Has  it  ever  been  republished?  and 
who  of  his  many  friends  is  supposed  to  have 
written  it  ?  I  have  recently  been  compiling  a  life 
of  this  quaint  and  witty  author,  but  have  never 
been  able  to  come  across  the  Life  referred  to.  I 
may  perhaps  have  read  most  of  it  second-hand, 
because  being  the  only  authentic  narrative  of  this 
noted  writer,  it  has  frequently  been  quoted  from 
by  the  old  authorities.  Oldys,  in  the  article  in 
the  Biographia  Britannica,  seems  to  have  quoted 
most  liberally  from  it,  and  the  articles  in  recent 
cyclopssdias,  &c.,  have  been  compiled,  for  the 
most  part,  from  this  and  not  the  former  authority.* 

May  I  also  ask  if  any  of  your  Cambridge  cor- 
respondents can  inform  me  whether  it  was  Mr. 
Fuller  who  buried  old  Hobson,  the  University 
carrier,  who  for  the  mercy  shown  towards  his 
beasts,  still  lives  in  a  well-known  proverb,  and 
who  "sickened  in  the  time  of  the  vacancy,  being 
forbid  to  go  to  London  by  reason  of  the  plague  ?" 
He  died  in  the  parish  of  St.  Ben'et,  at  a  time 
when  Fuller  was  the  curate  thereof.  J.  E.  B. 


*i  t*  Two  copies  of  the  Life  ^ Dr.  Thomas  Fuller  are  in 
Titish  Museum.     Only  one  edition  was  printed,  al- 
though it  appears  with  two  different  titlepages,  one  dated 
"London,  1661;"  the  other  "Oxford,  1662."    A  copy, 


HEATHER  BURNING. — In  The  Field  newspaper  of 
April  12, 1863,  I  find,  in  a  letter  signed  "  Pharos," 
on  the  subject  of  burning  the  heather,  or  muir- 
burn,  as  it  is  called  in  Scotch  law  phraseology,  an 
inquiry  implying  something  like  an  assertion  :  — 
"  If  there  was  not  a  convention,  between.  France  and 
Scotland,  sometime  before  the  Union,  which  limited  the 
burning  of  heather,  owing  to  the  injury  occasioned  by  the 
process  to  the  vineyards  of  France." 

"  Pharos  "  suggests  some  other  curious  specula- 
tions as  to  the  contingent  effects  of  burning  the 
heather,  but  I  would  only  ask,  whether  there  is 
any  foundation  for  the  above,  or  whether  it  can 
be  answered  in  the  affirmative?  J.  C.  H. 

THE  ORDER  OP  VICTORIA  AND  ALBERT.  —  Can 
any  of  your  correspondents  oblige  me  with  in- 
formation about  this  order,  said  by  the  Court 
Newsman  to  have  been  worn  by  two  of  the  Royal 
Princesses  on  the  occasion  of  the  baptism  of  the 
infant  Prince  Victor  Albert  ?  I  should  be  glad 
to  learn  the  date  of  its  institution,  the  number  of 
its  members,  and  the  character  of  the  decoration. 

J.  WOODWARD. 

PARIETINES. — 

"  We  have  many  ruines  of  such  bathes  found  in  this 
island,  among  those  parietines  and  rubbish  of  old  Romane 
townes."  —  Burton,  Anat.  Mel.  2,  2,  2,  2. 

I  presume  this  means  walls.  I  do  not  find  the 
word  any  of  the  old  dictionaries  to  which  I  have 
access,  nor  in  Halliwell.  J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

PARSON  CHAFF. — 

"But,  if  some  poor  scholar,  some  parson  chaff,  will 
offer  himself;  some  trencher  chaplain,  that  will  take  to 
the  halves,  thirds,  or  accept  of  what  he  [the  patron]  will 
give,  he  is  welcome  .  .  ." — Burton,  Anat.  Mel.  1,  2,  3, 15. 

What  is  the  exact  meaning  of  this  ?  Does  chaff" 
refer  to  talk  (our  modern  slang,  literally_/azt> ,  among 
bits  of  slang),  or  to  chaffering  =  selling  or  bar- 
gaining, or  what  ?  J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

"RoB  ROY." — What  are  the  allusions,  either 
political  or  historical,  in  the  following  passage  in. 
Mob  Roy  f  — 

"  «  Our  allies,'  continued  the  duke  (i.  e.  of  Montrose), 
<  have  deserted  us,  gentlemen,  and  have  made  a  separate 
peace  with  the  enemy.' 

« Its  just  the  fate  of  all  alliances,'  said  Garschattachin : 
'  the  Dutch  were  gaun  to  serve  us  the  same  gate,  if  we  had 
not  got  the  start  of  them  at  Utrecht.' 

f  You  are  facetious,  sir,'  said  the  duke,  with  a  frown, 
which  showed  how  little  he  liked  the  pleasantry ;  « but 
our  business  is  rather  of  a  grave  cast  just  now.' " — Rob  Roy, 
ii.  251,  edit.  1830. 

OXONIENSIS. 

A  GENTLEMAN'S  SIGNET. — A  gentleman's  signet, 
pendent  from  a  watch-chain,  has  recently  been 
picked  up  here.  Crest :  a  horse's  head,  and  motto 
^:GRE  DE  TRAMITE  RECTO.  A  couple  of  advertise- 
ments have  failed  to  find  an  owner  for  it,  and  I 
shall  be  glad  if  some  correspondent  will  indicate 
the  family,  and  supply  the  full  Latin  phrase. 

11.  JV1. 


282 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'*  S.  V.  APRIL  2,  '64. 


"THOU    ART    LIKE    UNTO    LIKE,    AS    THE    DEVIL 

SAID  TO  THE  COLLIER." — In  a  deposition  made  be- 
fore the  magistrates  of  this  borough,  in  the  year 
1603,  in  a  case  of  riot  respecting  the  cutting  down 
of  a  Maypole,  the  original  MS.  of  which  is  now 
before  me,  the  witness  deposed  that  one  Agnes 
Watkin,  the  wife  of  a  shoemaker,  railed  against  the 
witness  and  Mr.  Gillott  (one  of  the  magistrates 
who  was  ordering  the  removal  of  the  Maypole), 
saying,  "  Thou  art  like  'unto  like,  as  the  Devil 
said  to  the  collier."  I  do  not  find  this  proverb  in 
Kelly's  Proverbs  of  all  Nations,  or  Bonn's  Hand- 
book of  Proverbs.  The  latter  work  has,  "  Like  to 
like,  as  Nan  to  Nicholas."  Butler,  however,  in  his 
Hudibras  (canto  ii.  1.  350),  clearly  refers  to  it 
when  he  says, — 

"  As  like  the  devil  as  a  collier." 

Is  it  prevalent  in  any  part  of  the  kingdom  at 
the  present  day  as  a  popular  saying  ? 

WILLIAM  KELLY. 

Leicester. 

TURNER'S  MISCELLANEA  CURIOSA. — There  have 
been  several  works  bearing  this  title,  or  with  some 
trifling  specific  addition ;  as,  for  instance,  the  Mis- 
cellanea  Scientifica  Curiosa,  by  Wales  and  Green. 
In  Gent's  Life,  p.  183,  under  the  date  A.D.  1734, 
it  is  stated, — 

"  J  printed  Miscellanea  Curiosa  for  Mr.  Thomas  Turner, 
a  work  which  got  credit  both  to  the  author  and  to  me, 
for  the  beautiful  performance  thereof.  It  was  published 
quarterly;  but,  for  want  of  encouragement,  the  work 
ceased  in  less  than  a  year's  time,  when  the  niathematic 
types  ceased  to  be  of  any  use  to  me." 

I  have  never  seen  a  copy  of  the  work,  nor  have 
I  been  able  to  find  any  other  notice  of  its  editor. 
Can  any  of  the  correspondents  to  "  N.  &  Q." 
supply  further  particulars  ?  T.  T.  W. 

VALUE  OF  MONET,  30  EDW.  III.  —  Pote,  in  his 
History  of  Windsor,  p.  33,  says  that  — 

"William  de  Wyckham  (who  afterwards  attained  to 
the  dignity  of  the  Bishop  of  Winchester)  had  a  Sur- 
veyor's place  granted  to  him  by  Letters  Patent,  bearing 
test  at  Westminster  the  30th  of  October,  Anno  30  Ed.  iij. 
He  had  a  grant  of  the  same  fee  as  had  been  formerly 
allowed  to  Robert  de  Bernham  —  viz.  one  shilling  a  day 
while  he  stayed  at  Windsor  in  his  employment;  two 
shillings  a  day  when  he  went  elsewhere  about  that  busi- 
ness; and  three  shillings  a  week  for  his  Clerk:  which 
allowances  had  been  first  of  all  made  to  Richard  de 
Rochell." 

My  Query  is,  what  was  the  value  of  the  above 
wages  in  comparison  with  the  value  of  money  at 
this  time  and  fees  now  paid  to  architects  ? 

QUERIST. 

PROFESSOR  WILSON'S  FATHER.  —  Mrs.  Gordon, 
m  her  Memoir  of  her  father,  says  :  — 

"  Of  Mr.  Wilson,  senior,  I  know  little  more  than  that 
ne  was  a  wealthy  man,  having  realised  his  fortune  in 
trade  as  a  gauze  manufacturer.    The  integrity  of  his  cha- 
acter  and  his  mercantile  successes  gave  him  an  impor- 
tant position  in  society,  and  he  is  still  remembered  in 


Paisley  as  having  been  in  his  own  day  one  of  the  richest 
and  most  respected  of  its  community." 

The  lack  of  information  regarding  Mr.  Wilson's 
family  exhibited  in  the  above  extract  is  very  re- 
markable ;  especially  when  so  many  allusions  are 
made  to  his  mother's  connexions,  and  none  what- 
ever to  his  father's,  excepting  to  his  brother, 
through  whom  the  nephew  lost  his  patrimony,  and 
whose  name  is  not  even  given.  Surely  something- 
more  might  have  been  given  to  the  world  relative 
to  the  progenitors  of  so  remarkable  a  man  as 
Christopher  North.  It  would  be  interesting  to 
know  something  of  his  pedigree,  so  as  to  account 
for  the  remarkable  physical  peculiarities  of  the 
man.  Can  nothing  be  learned  of  his  descent  from 
sources  outside  of  the  family  circle  ?  Did  the 
professor  never  say  anything  regarding  his  grand- 
father, or  any  of  his  father's  connexions  ?  It 
would  doubtless  be  difficult  to  get  what  might  be 
called  a  history  of  the  Wilson  family,  but  cer- 
tainly something  more  might  have  been  procured. 
than  is  to  be  found  in  the  above  extract. 

T.  G.  D. 
Leith. 


tottlj 


JOHN  LUND  OF  PONTEFRACT,  A  HUMOROUS 
POET.  —  In  that  inaccurate  and  most  unsatisfactory 
work,  Boothroyd's  History  of  Pontefract,  is  the 
following  passage  :  — 

"  The  author  of  the  Newcastle  Rider  and  other  poems, 
merits  notice,  as  an  instance  of  native  genius,  without  the 
advantage  of  a  literary  education.  His  name  was  Lun, 
and  his  occupation  that  of  a  barber.  The  first  attempt  to 
obtain  the  freedom  of  the  borough  brought  his  poetical 
talents  into  exercise  ;  and  his  various  squibs  and  effusions 
obtained  considerable  applause.  These  productions  were 
collected  together,  and  published  under  the  title  of 
Duniad.  Some  of  the  places  in  the  collection,  for  keen- 
ness of  satire  and  justness  of  sentiment,  would  not  dis- 
grace the  pen  of  a  Churchill."—  P.  495. 

The  obscurity  in  this  account,  arising  from  the 
want  of  a  Christian  name  and  of  a  date  is  obvious, 
though  it  may  perhaps  be  inferred  from  another 
part  of  the  book,  that  "  the  first  attempt  to  ob- 
tain the  freedom  of  the  borough  "  really  means 
1768  or  thereabouts.     The  collected  poems  being 
ailed  Duniad,  induced  a  suspicion  that  "  Lua  " 
might  be  a  misprint  for  "  Dun." 
On  looking  at  Lowndes's  Bibliographers'  Manual 
ed.    Bohn,    1413),   I  discovered  the    following 
work  :  — 

"  LUND,  Jo.,  Original  Tales  in  Verse,  and  Oddities  in 
Prose  and  Verse."  Doncaster,  8vo,  2  vols.  Wrangham,  8s. 

From  this  I  concluded  that  Lund  was  the  real 
surname  of  him  whom  Boothroyd  has  called  Lun. 
The  "  Jo  "  left  me  doubtful  as  to  the  Christian 
name  being  John,  Joseph,  or  Jonathan  ;  but  on  re- 
^erring  to  Richardson's  Borderers  Table-Booh  (vi. 
!  69),  I  found  The  Newcastle  Rider  ;  or,  Ducks  and 


3«»S.V.  APRIL  2, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


283 


Peas,  a  tale  by  John  Lund.  Hence  I  suppose  his 
Christian  name  was  "John." 

According  to  Mr.  Hotten's  Hand  Book  of  Topo- 
graphy (6115,  6116),  Ducks  and  Green  Peas,  or 
the  Newcastle  Rider  was  first  published  at  New- 
castle, 12mo,  1785  ;  and  there  was  an  edition,  Aln- 
wick,  12mo,  1827. 

I  hope  through  your  columns  to  ascertain  when 
John  Lund  died,  and  when  his  work  mentioned  by 
Lowndes  was  printed.  It  must,  I  imagine,  be  of 
rare  occurrence,  but  it  is  probably  in  the  great 
Yorkshire  collection  of  your  correspondent  MR. 
EDWARD  HAILSTONE.  S.  Y.  R. 

[We  hare  before  us  a  pamphlet  of  104  pages  in  paper 
covers,  entitled  "  A  Collection  of  Original  Tales  in  Verse, 
in  the  manner  of  Prior.  To  which  is  added,  A  Second 
Edition  of  Ducks  and  Pease;  or,  the  Newcastle  Eider. 
Together  with  the  above  Story  in  a  Farce  of  One  Act,  as 
it  was  performed  at  the  Theatre  in  Pontefract  with  great 
applause,  and  several  other  Originals  never  before  pub- 
lished. London:  Printed  for  the  Author,  and  sold  by 
him  and  J.  Lyndley,  Bookseller,  in  Pontefract,  1777,  8vo." 
Then  follows  the  Preface,  signed  John  Lund ;  after  that 
another  title-page,  entitled  Ducks  and  Pease;  or,  the 
Newcastle  Rider :  a  Farce  in  One  Act.  By  John  Lund, 
of  Pontefract,  1776. 

A  reprint  of  the  farce  Ducks  and  Green  Peas  was  pub 
lished  at  Newcastle  without  date,  but  probably  about 
1838,  12mo. 

Lund  was  also  the  author  of  the  following  work :  "  A 
Collection  of  Oddities,  in  Prose  and  Verse,  Serious  and 
Comical.  By  a  very  Odd  Author.  Printed  for,  and  sold 
by  the  Author  (John  Lund)  in  Pontefract,  and  by  C. 
Plummer,  in  Doncaster,"  8vo.  No  printed  date;  but 
some  one  has  added  in  ink  1779  in  the  British  Museum 
copy.] 

PREFACE  TO  THE  BIBLE.  —It  appears  that  both 
a  Preface  and  Dedication  were  written  by  the 
translators  of  our  Authorised  Version  of  the  Bible. 
The  Dedication  generally  accompanies  our  ordi- 
nary editions,  not  so  the  Preface.  Where  can  I 
find  a  copy  of  the  latter  ?  Query.  Any  where 
except  in  the  first  or  early  editions  of  the  Au- 
thorised Version  ?  Is  it  reprinted  in  any  biblical 
work  of  modern  date  ?  G.  J.  COOPER. 

[The  inexpediency  of  publishing  the  Authorized  Ver- 
sion of  the  English  Bible  without  the  Translators'  Preface 
and  the  marginal  readings,  has  of  late  years  engaged  the 
attention  of  the  episcopal  bench.  This  important  matter 
was  discussed  in  the  Upper  House  of  Convocation  on  Feb. 
18,  1860,  when  the  following  resolution  was  passed: 
"  That  the  Most  Reverend  the  President  be  prayed  to 
draw  the  attention  of  the  Curator  of  the  Press  at  Oxford 
to  the  publication  of  the  Holy  Bible  without  the  margi- 
nal readings,  and  without  the  Translators'  Preface;  and  to 
urge  that  editions  of  all  sizes  shall  be  printed  with  the 
marginal  readings,  and  with  at  least  such  portions  of  the 
Translators'  Preface  as  are  necessary  to  the  true  under- 


standing of  their  intention  in  what  they  give  us  as  our 
Bible." 

The  Preface  makes  forty  pages  in  the  quarto  Bibles,  and 
its  great  length  is  the  reason  assigned  by  the  Oxford, 
Cambridge,  and  Queen's  printers,  why  they  do  not  re- 
print it  in  the  ordinary  Bibles,  inasmuch  as  they  would 
find  it  extremely  difficult  to  compete  with  the  Scotch 
press.  Thus,  from  a  principle  of  economy,  they  exhibit 
the  version  of  the  text  of  what  is  called  "  The  Bishops' 
Bible ;  "  but  by  the  omission  of  the  Preface  and  the 
marginal  readings,  they  do  not  exhibit  the  Bible  in  the 
sense  which  the  translators  of  the  Authorised  Version  in- 
tended. 

The  Preface  is  so  seldom  reprinted,  it  is  to  be  feared 
that  to  the  present  generation  it  is  almost  unknown.  We 
are  indebted  to  the  present  Archbishop  of  Dublin  for 
bringing  this  important  document  to  the  notice  of  the 
public  in  the  year  1859.  "  This  Preface,"  remarks  Dr. 
Trench,  "  is,  on  many  grounds,  a  most  interesting  study, 
chiefly,  indeed,  as  giving  at  considerable  length,  and  in 
various  aspects,  the  view  of  our  Translators  themselves  in 
regard  of  the  work  which  they  had  undertaken,  while 
every  true  knower  of  our  language  will  acknowledge  it  as 
a  masterpiece  of  English  composition."  On  the  Au- 
thorized Version  of  the  New  Testament,  edit.  1859,  p.  85. 
Consult  also  an  article  on  this  important  subject  by  our 
esteemed  correspondent,  J.  H.  MARKLAND,  ESQ.,  in  our 
2nd  S.  ix.  194. 

The  Preface  has  been  reprinted  in  the  Standard  Edition 
of  the  Bible,  corrected  and  edited  by  Dr.  Benjamin  Blay- 
ney,  Oxford,  1769,  4to ;  also  in  that  printed  at  the  request 
of  King  William  IV.  at  the  Pitt  Press  at  Cambridge,  large 
4to,  1837  (see  "  N.  &  Q."  3rd  S.  v.  36),  as  well  as  in  the 
Oxford  English  imperial  4to  editions  of  1851  and  1863.] 

GOOSE  INTENTOS.  —  In  An  Universal  Etymolo- 
gical English  Dictionary,  by  N.  Bailey,  London, 
1745,  I  read  — 

"  Goose-Intentos,  a  goose  claimed  by  custom  by  the 
husbandmen  in  Lancashire,  upon  the  16th  Sunday  after 
Pentecost,  when  the  old  chui-ch  prayers  ended  thus,  ac 
bonis  operibus  jugiter  prcestat  esse  intentos." 

Can  anyone  tell  me  the  origin  of  this  custom, 
who  the  goose  was  claimed  of,  whether  the  custom 
still  exists,  and  what  can  possibly  be  the  connection 
between  a  goose  and  the  collect  for  the  16th  Sunday 
after  Pentecost  ?  It  is  curious  that  the  16th  Sunday 
after  Pentecost  should  be  named,  as  in  the  old 
Sarum  books  those  Sundays  are  reckoned  post 
Trinitatem  as  in  our  present  liturgy,  where  the 
collect  occurs  on  the  17th  Sunday  after  Trinity. 

AQUINAS. 

[Blount,  in  his  Glossographia,  says,  that  "in  Lanca- 
shire, the  husbandmen  claim  it  as  a  due  to  have  a  goose- 
intentos  on  the  16th  Sunday  after  Pentecost:  which 
custom  took  its  origin  from  the  last  word  of  the  old 
church-prayer  of  that  day :  « Tua  nos  Domine,  quaesumus, 
gratia  semper  et  prajveniat  et  sequatur ;  ac  bonis  operibus 
jugiter  proestet  esse  intentos.'  The  vulgar  people  called 
it  a  goose  with  ten  toes."  Beckwith,  in  his  new  edition 


284 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES 


[3**  S.  V.  APRIL  2,  '64. 


of  Blount's  Fragmenta  Antiquitatis  (Lond.  4to,  1815,  p. 
413),  after  quoting  this  passage,  remarks,  "  But  besides 
that  the  16th  Sunday  after  Pentecost,  or  after  Trinity 
rather,  being  moveable,  and  seldom  falling  upon  Michael- 
mas-day, which  is  an  immoveable  feast,  the  service  for  that 
day  could  very  rarely  be  used  at  Michaelmas,  there  does 
not  appear  to  be  the  most  distant  allusion  to  a  goose  in 
the  words  of  that  prayer.  Probably  no  other  reason  can 
be  given  for  this  custom,  but  that  Michaelmas-day  was  a 
great  festival,  and  geese  at  that  time  most  plentiful.  In 
Denmark,  where  the  harvest  is  later,  every,'  family  has 
a  roasted  goose  for  supper  on  St.  Martin's  Eve." 

It  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  the  term  husbandman 
was  formerly  applied  to  persons  of  a  somewhat  higher 
position  in  life  than  an  agricultural  labourer,  as  for  in- 
stance to  the  occupier  and  holder  of  the  land.  In  ancient 
grants  from  lords  of  manors  to  their  free  tenants,  among 
other  reserved  rents  and  services,  the  landlord  frequently 
laid  claim  to  a  good  stubble  goose  at  Michaelmas.  After 
all,  the  connection  between  the  Goose  and  Collect  is  not 
apparent.] 

CHARLES  BAILLET.  —  From  a  communication 
made  several  years  since  by  MB.  CL.  HOPPER 
("N.  &  Q."  2nd  S.  viii.  267),  I  learn  that  this 
person,  who  was  the  secretary  of  the  unfortunate 
Mary  Queen  of  Scots,  died  on  December  27,  aged 
eighty-four,  and  was  buried  in  the  churchyard 
of  Hulpe,  near  Brussels.  Unfortunately  the 
year  of  our  Lord  in  which  his  death  occurred  is 
not  given.  I  hope  it  may  be  supplied.  I  am  also 
desirous  of  ascertaining  how  his  latter  years  were 
spent.  I  must  say  that  I  am  not  favourably  im- 
pressed by  his  conduct  as  developed  by  the  papers 
which  appear  in  Murdin's  Collection  and  elsewhere. 

S.  Y.  R. 

[Sir  Charles  Bailley  died  on  Dec.  27, 1625,  aged  eighty- 
four.  He  was  among  the  members  of  the  household  of 
Mary  Queen  of  Scots  present  at  her  execution  on  Feb. 
18, 1587.  Nothing  seems  to  be  known  of  the  circum- 
stances which  brought  Bailley  to  close  his  life  near  Brus- 
sels. —  L'Independance,  quoted  in  The  Guardian  news- 
paper of  Sept.  21, 1859,  p.  799.] 

WILDE'S  NAMELESS  POEM.— What  is  the  "  cele- 
brated nameless  poem "  from  which  quotation  is 
made  in  Smith's  Student's  Manual  of  the  English 
Language,  p.  407  ?  P.  J.  F.  GANTILLON. 

[The  poem  is  by  Richard  Henry  Wilde,  an  American 
poet,  born  1789,  died  1847.    It  is  called  by  Marsh  «  a 
nameless  poem,"  because  it  is  simply  entitled  "  Stanzas. 
It  commences  — 

"  My  life  is  like  a  summer  rose 

That  opens  to  the  morning  sky,"  &c. 
The  poem  is  printed  in  Griswold's  Poets  and  Poetry  of 
America,  edit.  1856,  p.  \27,  with  a  biographical  account 
of  Mr.  Wilde.] 

URSULA,  LADY  ALTHAM. — This  lady,  the  daugh- 
ter of  Sir  Robert  Markham  of  Sedgebrook,  in 
Lincolnshire,  became,  in  July,  1697,  the  second 


wife  of  Altham  Annesley,  Lord  Altham.  He 
died  in  April,  1699,  and  in  1701  she  remarried 
Samuel  Ogle,  Esq.,  M.P.,  who  died  March  10, 
1718.  She  continued  her  father's  Diary  (MS. 
Addit.  18,721.)  When  did  she  die?  S.  Y.  R. 

[Lady  Ogle  died  at  Bath  on  October  12, 1723.  Political 
State,  xxvi.  462 ;  Historical  Register,  Chron.  1723,  p.  47. 
Although  the  Christian  name  of  this  lady  is  not  given, 
we  are  inclined  to  think  that  she  was  the  wife  of  the 
Member  for  Berwick,  as  he  died  at  the  same  place  in 
1718.] 

BENTINCK  FAMILY.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
nform  me  in  what  work  I  can  obtain  the  history 
and  pedigree  of  the  Bentinck  family  down  to  the 
present  day  ;  also  if  any  branch  of  the  family  still 
resides  in  Holland?  K.  B. 

[Consult  Collins's  Peerage,  by  Brydges,  ed.  1812,  ii. 
29-41 ;  Playfair's  British  Family  Antiquity,  i.  125 ;  Burke's 
Patrician,  iv.  159 ;  and  Burke's  Peerage  and  Baronetage.'] 


BEAU  WILSON. 
(3rd  S.  v.  150.) 

Your  correspondent  J.  M.  is  incorrect  in  his 
comments  on  Mr.  Harrison  Ainsworth's  interest- 
ing romance  of  John  Law.  Beau  Wilson,  at  the 
time  Mr.  Ains worth  introduces  him — viz.  1694, 
could  not  have  been  young,  for,  after  serving  in 
the  wars  of  Flanders,  he  had  been  the  friend  and 
protege  of  the  celebrated  Barbara  Villiers, 
Duchess  of  Cleveland,  who  introduced  him  into 
fashionable  life,  and  who  was  herself  in  her  vogue 
about  1670,  in  the  reign  of  Charles  II.,  some 
thirty  years  prior  to  1694.  See  also  the  notice 
of  Beau  Wilson,  a  kinsman  of  Lord  Berners  by- 
the-way,  in  Sir  B.  Burke's  Vicissitudes,  Second 
Series,  p.  384. 

As  to  John  Law's  personal  appearance,  who  was 
three-and-twenty  only  in  1694,  there  is  no  doubt 
that  he  possessed  great  beauty.  His  very  desig- 
nation of  Beau  bears  out  that,  and  all  the  portraits 
extant  of  him  confirm  the  fact.  The  advertise- 
ment, after  the  duel,  for  his  apprehension,  which 
J.  M.  cites,  notoriously  described  him  wrongly  :  it 
being  either,  as  some  supposed,  the  production  of 
an  enemy,  and  done  to  annoy  him,  or  inserted  by 
his  friends  to  mislead  any  search  that  might  be 
made  for  him.  The  author  of  The  History  of 
Cramond,  fully  aware  of  the  falsity  of  the  descrip- 
tion, inclines  to  the  latter  view. 

The  following  is  what,  writing  in  1794,  he  says 
on  the  subject :  — 

"This  description  (the  advertisement  in  question), 
conveying  no  favourable  idea  of  Mr.  Law's  person,  occa- 
sioned at  first  no  small  degree  of  surprise ;  but,  on  com- 
municating my  suspicion  to  the  present  Mr.  Law  of 
Lauriston,  that  it  had  been  drawn  up  to  facilitate  John 


3'«»  S.  V.  APRIL  2,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


285 


Law's  escape,  which,  it  is  said,  was  procured  by  the  pro- 
per application  of  money,  Mr.  Law  coincided  with  the 
surmise.  To  manifest  the  more  strongly  that  this  had 
been  the  case,  he  had  the  goodness  to  order  an  engraving 
to  be  taken  from  an  original  portrait  of  his  uncle, 
reckoned  an  exact  likeness,  in  his  possession;  and  to 
transmit  me  the  plate,  which,  he  assures  me,  was  exe- 
cuted with  attention  and  fidelity.  The  impressions  thereof, 
prefixed  to  this  work  (the  portrait  is  of  a  handsome  man), 
will  show  how  far  the  conjecture  is  well  founded.  In 
Bromley's  Catalogue  of  Engraved  British  Portraits,  four 
engravings  or  designs  of  Mr.  Law  are  noticed — 1,  fol.  en- 
graved by  Langlois ;  2,  4to,  designed  by  Hubert ;  3,  4to, 
engraved  by  Des  Rocker ;  and  4,  4to,  painted  by  Rigaud, 
and  engraved  by  F.  de  Schmidt.  The  Earl  of  Orford  has 
in  the  library  at  Strawberry  Hill  a  beautiful  portrait  of  Mr. 
Law,  done  in  crayons  by  Rosalba." 

Thus  it  is  quite  clear  that  Mr.  Ainsworth  is 
right  in  insisting  on  the  personal  beauty  of  John 
Law.  In  sustaining  also  his  hero's  high  mental 
qualities  and  honourable  character,  I  feel  sure  he 
is  equally  correct.  A. 

SIR  JOHN  VERDON  AND  HIS  HEIRS. 
(3rd  S.  v.  159.) 

This  Chevalier,  as  he  is  called  (47  Edw.  III.), 
was  joint  Lord  of  Darlaston,  and  possessed  of 
lands  in  Buckenhall  arid  Biddulph,  co.  Stafford. 
He  may  be  safely  identified  with  the  sheriff  of 
the  name,  48  Edw.  III.  and  3  Rich.  II.,  who  bare 
the  arms  of  the  Barons  Verdon — Or  fret  gu. ; 
and  who  appears  to  have  resided  at  Alveton 
Castle.  He  died  childless,  previous  to  12  Rich.  II., 
after  having  appointed,  in  conjunction  with  Eva 
his  wife,  Ermentrude,  wife  of  Ralph  de  Houton, 
and  Elizabeth,  wife  of  James  de  Boghay,  his  co- 
heirs ;  of  whom  the  former  succeeded  to  Darlas- 
ton, and  the  latter  to  Buckenhall  and  Biddulph. 
And  they  in  turn  conveyed  the  property  to  their 
respective  heirs,  19  and  16  Rich.  II. :  the  manor 
of  Whitmore,  and  a  fifth  part  of  that  of  Kindes- 
ley  (Annesley),  being  included  in  the  settlement 
of  James  and  Elizabeth  de  Boghay.  The  clerks 
joined  with  the  Houtons  and  Boghays  in  alienat- 
ing the  advowson  of  the  church  of  Biddulph  with 
an  acre  of  land,  12  Rich.  II.  The  Verdons  of 
Darlaston  (whose  Christian  names,  it  may  be  noted, 
were  mostly  Henry  or  Vivian)  were  founded  by 
Theobald,  youngest  son  of  Theobald  le  Butiller ; 
but  who,  like  his  elder  brothers,  assumed  the  sur- 
name of  his  mother  Roesia,  the  daughter  and 
heiress  of  Nicholas  de  Verdon,  and  granddaughter 
of  Bertram,  who  had  obtained  the  Staffordshire 
estates  by  marriage.  Shaw  says  that  the  subject 
of  this  note  descended  from  a  younger  brother  of 
Theobald,  the  first  Baron  Verdon  °  and  he  pro- 
bably had  good  reason  for  the  statement,  though  it 
may  not  be  capable  of  proof.  According  to  an 
entry  in  the  Parliamentary  Writs,  in  MS.,  at  the 
Record  Office,  Theobald  and  Vivian  de  Verdon 
were  joint  Lords  of  Buckenhall,  and  brothers ; 


which,  if  genuine,  would  at  least  show  that  Theo- 
bald had  a  younger  brother.  But  this  particular 
entry  is  not  found  in  the  printed  edition,  though 
the  name  of  Vivian  occurs  in  1316  as  Lord  of 
Darlaston,  and  joint  Lord  of  Buckenhall  with 
Theobald,  the  second  baron  :  an  indication  that 
Vivian  belonged  to  the  Darlaston  branch,  which 
approaches  to  certainty  on  finding  that  there  was 
a  Vivian  of  that  family  living  at  the  time.  Erdes- 
wicke,  too,  mentions  these  parties  as  joint  Lords  of 
Buckenhall,  9  Edw.  II. ;  but  says  nothing  of  the 
relationship  existing  between  them  (Harwood's 
edit.,  p.  17).  Still,  it  is  necessary  to  seek  other 
parentage  for  Sir  John  Verdon  than  in  his  pre- 
decessor in  the  lordship  of  Darlaston ;  since  the 
latter  lived  beyond  25  Edw.  III.,  the  year  when 
Joan,  wife  of  John  de  Whitmore,  is  described  as 
Sir  John's  sister — their  father,  to  all  appearance, 
being  dead.  I  conjecture  that  he  was  the  son  of 
Thomas  de  Verdon,  who  had  a  daughter  Joan, 
10  Edw.  III.  (Staffordshire  fines);  and  that  an- 
other Thomas,  who  lived  a  little  later,  was  his 
brother.  And  I  conclude  that  Sir  John  acquired 
the  Darlaston  property  through  his  wife  Eva,  who 
may  have  been  the  heiress  alluded  to  by  Erdes- 
wicke  under  the  name  of  Emme  (p.  8).  The 
younger  Thomas  de  Verdon,  Knt.,  just  mentioned, 
was  of  Denston,  in  the  parish  of  Alveton ;  whence 
he  dated  a  charter,  30  Edw.  III.,  and  sealed  it 
with  the  sheriff's  arms  (Harl.  MS.  1077).  The 
Welsh  Rolls,  from  which  two  or  three  of  these 
particulars  were  gleaned,  are  in  a  decayed  state, 
and  very  often  illegible;  otherwise  something 
more  satisfactory  might  have  been  ascertained. 
A  few  words  shall  be  subjoined  respecting  the 
heirs  of  Sir  John  Verdon.  The  Houtocs,  I  sup- 
pose, were  from  the  township  so  called  in  Che- 
shire;  and  they  are  said  by  Ormerod  to  have 
used  three  different  coats  of  arms.  Hoton  de 
Hooton  merged  in  Stanley  by  marriage  of  the 
heiress,  temp.  Hen.  IV.  The  Boghays  were  origi- 
nally seated  near  London,  and  possessed  some  in- 
terest in  Bermondsey  Abbey.  Their  name  first 
occurs  in  Staffordshire,  12  Edw.  III.  The  Bog- 
hay  coat  of  arms,  according  to  the  heralds,  was — 
Gu.  a  scythe,  arg.  But  there  is  extant  a  joint 
charter  of  Christina,  daughter  of  John  de  Boghay 
de  London,  and  another'lady,  sealed  with  a  stag 
trippant,  respecting  the  sinister  (Harl.  Charters, 
76,  c.  46)  ;  which  may  have  suggested  the  coat  of 
the  Bougheys  of  Colton,  co.  Stafford.  Shaw  bla- 
zons this — Arg.  three  stags  sa. ;  but  I  see  that  it 
is  given  in  Burke's  Armory  as  identical  with  the 
third  quarter  in  the  old  shield  at  Whitmore,  de- 
scribed in  my  former  note.  The  arms  of  the 
Baronets  Boughey  (Arg.  three  bucks'  heads  erased 
and  affrontee,  erm.)  were  evidently  formed  on  the 
same  model.  Edward,  a  younger  son  of  Man- 
waring  of  Over  Peover,  Cheshire,  married  the 
heiress  of  Boghey  of  Whitmore,  in  1519.  His 


286 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3«-d  S.  V.  APRIL  2,  '64. 


family  furnishes  an  instance  of  the  continuance  of 
a  Christian  name,  without  a  break,  through 
several  successive  generations  ;  the  representative 
at  Whitmore  having  been  invariably  Edward 
Mainwaring,  and  son  of  his  predecessor,  until  the 
death  of  the  proprietor  in  1825.  SHEM. 


THE  EARTH  A  LIVING  CREATURE. 
(3rd  S.  ii.  125,  176,  236.) 

To  the  extract  furnished  by  MB.  BUCKTON  from 
Kepler's  Harmonics  Mundi,  in  which  modern 
science  does  not  disdain  to  revive  the  pantheistic 
idea  of  the  Academicians  and  Stoics,  that  the  world 
is  a  great  living  creature,  Rivinus,  in  his  "  Disser- 
tatio  de  Venilia,  Salacia,  et  Malacia"  (apud 
Grsevii  Syntagma  Dissertationum,  Utrajecti,  1702, 
4to),  adds  a  ludicrous  commentary  :  — 

"  Quam  opinionem  quoque  nostro  tempore  Mathema- 
ticus  ille  nobilissimus  Jo.  Keplerus,  Harmonice  libro  iv. 
c.  7,  statuminare  nisus  et  visas  est :  Terram  ingens  esse 
animal,  tradens,  quod  immanibus  pulmonum  follibus  marinas 
aquas  per  intervalla  visceribus  inspiret  respiretque,  cui  ridi- 
cule alius  oggerit,  forte  falndosam  hnnc  belluam  anno  1550 
tussivisse  quoque,  cum  Oceanus  Britannicus  ad  Tamesim 
novem  horarum  spatio  ter  reciprocasset." 

For  human  opinions,  like  the  waves  of  the 
ocean,  are  merely  in  a  state  of  ebb  and  flow  : 
"  there  is  nothing  new  under  the  sun."  Rivinus 
refers  for  other  authorities  to  Natalis  Comitis 
Mytholog.,  lib.  ii.  c.  8  [Cf.  Ciceronis  librum  i.  De 
Nat.  Deor.  s.  39]  ;  Philostratus,  De  Apollonio 
Tyanao,  lib.  v.  c.  ii. :  — 

"  Having  often  considered  the  cause  of  this  phenomenon, 
namely,  the  flux  and  reflux  of  such  a  body  of  waters,  I 
am  of  opinion  Apollonius  has  discovered  its  true  origin. 
In  one  of  his  epistles,  written  to  the  Indians,  he  says : 
'The  ocean  moved  underneath,  by  winds  blowing  from 
the  many  caverns  which  the  earth  has  formed  on  every 
side  of  it,  puts  forth  its  waters,  and  draws  them  in,  as  is 
the  case  of  the  breath  in  respiration/  This  opinion  is 
corroborated,  he  adds,  by  the  account  he  received  of  the 
sick  at  Gades.  For  at  the  time  of  the  flowing  of  the  tide 
the  breath  never  leaves  the  dying  man,  which  would  not 
happen  if  the  tide  did  not  supply  the  earth  with  a  portion 
of  air  sufficient  to  produce  this  effect.  All  the  phases  of 
the  moon  during  the  increase,  fulness,  and  wane,  are  to 
be  observed  in  the  sea.  Hence  it  comes  to  pass,  that  the 
ocean  follows  the  changes  of  the  moon  by  increasing  and 

creasing ,  with i  it"— Abfe  to  Gades  above,  by  the  trans- 
lator,  the  Rev.  Edw.  Berwick. 

"So  little,"  says  Posidonius,  « did  the  inhabitants  of 
Bsetica  know  of  physic  that  they  used,  like  the  Lusitani 
[and  the  Egyptians],  to  lay  their  sick  relations  along 
the  public  streets  and  roads,  to  have  the  advice  of  such 
passengers  as  could  give  it  to  them,  and  perhaps  that 
they  might  enjoy  the  supposed  advantage  of  the  flowing 
of  the  tide,  as  mentioned  in  the  text." 

m    C.  Julius  Solinus  ;  in  cap.  xxvi.  is  the  follow- 
ing :  — 

"  Physici  autumant  mundum  animal  esse,  eumque  ex 

yarns  elementorum  corporibus  conglobatum  moveri  spi- 

itu,  regi  mente ;  qua3  utraque  diffusa  per  membra  omnia, 


aeternse  molis  vigorem  exerceant.  Sicut  ergo  in  corpori- 
bus nostris  commercia  sint  spiritalia,  ita  in  profundis 
Oceani  nares  quasdam  mundi  constitutas,  per  quas  emissi 
anhelitus  vel  reducti  modo  eiflent  maria,  modo  revocent. 
At  hi  qui  syderum,"  &c. 

Koeler.  in  his  Animadv.  ad  Seneca  Naturales 
Qucestiones  (lib.  ii.  c.  1,  §  4),  observes,  in  refer- 
ence to  this  passage  :  — 

"  Ibi  miror  Salmasium  in  Exercit.  [Plinianis],  p.  203, 
doctrinam  non  magis  ostentasse.  Harum  opinionum  pri- 
mordia  Plato  ministraverit,  qui  in  Phaedone  reciproca- 
tionem  quandam  spiritus  et  aquarum  per  terras  globum 
sumebat,  c.  179.  Praster  illam  tamen  causam  potuerunt 
et  alias  esse  quas  hanc  opinionem  gignerent,  v.  c.  calor  et 
ignis  quern  in  penetralibus  terras  inveniebant,  quo  im- 
primis inclinaverit  Empedocles  ....  Flumina  enim  aie- 
bat  esse  venis  montesque  ossibus  similes,  ut  noster  infra 

ad  iii.  15,  §  3,  et  ad  vi.  14,  §  1,  seqq Pythagoreos 

Zenonemque  Citticum,  Pythagora  praeeunte,  mundum 
pro  animali  habuisse,  quod  ut  reliqua  animalia  respiret, 
notum  est  ex  Philos.  Plac.  Plutarchi,  ii.  9,  et  Diogen. 
Laert.  vii.  1,  70,  139,  sed  non  item  eos  idem  de  terra 
statuisse.  Fuere  tamen  alii  qui  hoc  credebant.  Insignia 
in  hanc  rem  est  locus  Strabonis,  iii.  p.  262." 

If,  as  Athenodorus  asserts,  the  ebb  and  flow 
resemble  the  inspiration  and  expiration  of  the 
breath,  it  is  possible  that  some  of  the  currents  of 
water,  which  naturally  have  an  efflux  on  to  the 
surface  of  the  earth,  through  various  channels, 
the  mouths  of  which  we  denominate  springs  and 
fountains,  are  by  other  channels  drawn  towards 
the  depths  of  the  sea,  and  raise  it  so  as  to  pro- 
duce a  flood-tide  ;  when  the  expiration  is  suffi- 
cient, they  leave  off  the  course  in  which  they  are 
then  flowing,  &c.  Strabo  (Bohn's  Classical  Li- 
brary, vol.  i.  p.  259.) 

"  This  method  of  explaining  the  ebb  and  flow  of  the 
sea,  by  comparing  it  to  the  respiration  of  animals,  is  not 
so  extraordinary  when  we  remember  that  it  was  the 
opinion  of  many  philosophers  that  the  universe  was  itself 
an  animal.  Pomponius  Mela  (De  Situ  Orbis,  lib.  iii. 
c.  1),  speaking  of  the  tides,  says :  — '  Neque  adhuc  satis 
cognitum  est,  anhelitune  suo  id  mundus  efficiat,  retrac- 
tamque  cum  spiritu  regerat  undam  undique  si,  ut  doc- 
tioribus  placet,  unum  (lege  universum)  animal  est ;  an 
sint  depressi  aliqui  specus,  quo  reciprocata  maria  residant, 
atque  unde  se  rursus  exuberantia  attollant;  an  luna 
causas  tantis  meatibus  prasbeat.'  "  —  Note  by  the  Trans- 
lator. 

The  subject  of  one  of  the  numerous  manuscripts 
of  Dr.  Dee,  is,  "  The  true  Cause  and  Account  (not 
vulgar)  of  Fluds  and  Ebbs,"  1553  :  — 

"  Perchaunce  they  thinke  the  Sea  and  Rivers  (as  the 
Thames)  to  be  soro'e  quicke  thing;  and  so  to  ebbe  and. 
flow  in,  run  in  and  out,  of  themselves  at  their  own  fan- 
tasies. God  helpe,  God  helpe." — His  Mathematical  Pre- 
face, b.  iiij. 

He   probably   adopted    Roger  Bacon's    lunar 
theory ;  or  did  he  characteristically  follow  the  spe- 
culation of  the  mathematician — 
"  apud   Fromundum,    qui    asstuare  mare  existimaverit 
quod  Angelus  aliquis    terras  motor  (incertum    sub    quo 
Zenith)    globum    terras   attollat  supra  centrum   aliqu 
cubitis,  totidemque  infra  deprimat  per  certa  et  modula 
intervalla  ?  " — Rivinus,  ut  supra. 


it, 

: 


3'dS.V.  APRIL  2, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


287 


Seeing  these  attributes  given  to  the  elements 
we  cannot  be  surprised  at  their  receiving  fvpn 
the  ancient  Pagans  the  veneration  paid  to  deities 
as  appears  in  the  subjoined  extract  from  Acolu 
thus,  De  Aquis  Amaris  Maledictionem  Inferentibm 
Lipsiie,  1682,  4to:  — 

«  In  tanta  quondam  apud  Gentiles  veneratione  era 
Aqua,  ut  numinis  loco  illam  fuerint  venerati,  Sap.  xiii.  2 
(Vid.  et  B.  Dn.  M.  Hoffmann!  Umbram  in  Luce,  cap.  ii 
§  33 ;  Kircheri  (Edip.  JEgypt.,  t.  iii.  p.  347),  ubi  de  Nik 
habet,  Divinis  honoribus  culto.  Juven.  lib.  i.  Sat.  3 
v.  19,  p.  61,  edit.  Varior.  ad  quern  locum,  ut  et  ad  v.  13 
vide  Grangaei  notas  p.  90,  91,  edit.  Paris  et  B.  Autumni 
p.  49  f.  [v.  13,  Nunc  sacri  fontis  nemus;  18—20,  Quanti 
praesentius  esset  Numen  aquae,  viridi  si  margins  clau 
deret  undas  Herba,  nee  ingenuum  violarent  marmora 
tophum?"!  Hoornbek  De  Conversions  Indorum  et  Gentil 
pp.  4,  5."  Sic  de  Chaldaeis  ait  Sidonius  Apollinaris  in 
Panegyr.  Anthemii,  Juratur  ab  illis  Ignis  et  Unda  Deus.' 
— Carm.  ii.  84. 

This  subject  has  been  exhausted  by  Jo.  Albert 
Fabricius  in  his  Theologie  de  TEau.  See  Demon- 
strations Evangeliques,  t.  ix.  To  the  authorities 
there  cited,  Maxiinus  Tyrius  should  be  added, 
Diss.  vin.  7. 

." .        .        .        .        Among  themselves  all  things 
Have  order ;  and  from  hence  the  form,  which  makes 
The  universe  resemble  God. 

,  '     .        .        .        .        All  natures  lean 
In  this  their  order,  diversely,  some  more, 
Some  less,  approaching  to  their  primal  source. 
Thus  they  to  different  havens  are  mov'd  on 
Through'the  vast  sea  of  being,  and  each  one 
With  instinct  giv'n,  that  bears  it  in  its  course." 

Dante's  Paradise,  by  Gary. 

For  a  curious  description  of  the  origin  of  fire- 
worship,  I  would  refer  to  the  Shdh  Ndmeh,  trans- 
lated by  Atkinson,  p.  4.  (Oriental  Translation 
Fund.)  BIBLIOTHECAR.  CHETHAM. 


COLKITTO  AND  GAL  ASP. 
(3rd  S.v.  118.) 

It  is  curious  that  Milton  should  have  considered 
these  names  as  "  harder,"  or  even  harsher  in  sound, 
than  his  own.  He  wrote  them  both  incorrectly, 
and  to  answer  his  poetical  requirements,  he  lop- 
ped off  the  concluding  syllable  from  the  latter,  not 
seeming  to  think  that  his  own  act  of  mutilation 
only  made  Gillaspick  appear  barbarous  as  Gal- 
asp.  They  were  both  Christian  names  of  frequent 
occurrence  in  the  great  family  of  Macdonnell, 
Colla  being  originally  adopted  from  one  of  their 
Irish  ancestors  —  a  prince  named  Colla,  surnamed 
Huaish,  or  "  the  noble;"  and  Gillaspick  from  a 
Norwegian  ancestor.  The  latter  never,  I  should 
suppose,  took  the  form  of  Galasp  but  in  Milton's 
line.  It  is  composed  of  the  common  Celtic  word 
Gille,  and  the  Norse  word  Uspakr,  meaning 
"fierce"  or  "unruly,"  and  was  first  applied,  as 
a  Christian  name,  to  one  of  the  grandsons  of  the 


great    Somhairle,    or   the    "  mighty    Somerled," 
Thane  of  Argyle,  in  the  twelfth  century.     Since 
then,  it  may  be   safely   asserted,  that  there  has 
been  almost  no  family  of  Macdonnells  without  a 
Gillaspick  among  its  sons.     This  name  has  be- 
come Archibald  in  modern   times ;   but  why,  it 
would  not  be  easy  to  determine.     See  The  Chro- 
nicle of  Man,  edited  by  P.  A.  Munch,  pp.  94,  95. 
The   Scottish  chief  Colla,  or   Coll,   surnamed 
Ciotach,  or  Kittagh,  "left-handed,"  was  a  con- 
temporary of  Milton,  and  a  cousin  once  removed 
of  the  well-known  Marquis  of  Antrim,  married 
to  the  Duchess  of  Buckingham.     He  resided  in 
the  island  of  Colonsay,  from  which  he  was  ex- 
pelled a  short  time  before  the  commencement  of 
the  great  Civil  War.    But  previously  to  his  ex- 
pulsion, and  frequently  afterwards,  he  dealt  many 
fatal  "  left-handed  "  blows  against  the  Campbells, 
the  hereditary  enemies  of  his  clan.     He  was  ap- 
pointed by  the  Macdonnells  to  hold  the  fortress  of 
Dunyveg,    in   Isla,    against   General  Leslie,    to 
whom  he  was  induced;  to  surrender  it,  and  by 
whom  he  was  treacherously  handed  over  to  his 
deadly  foe,  the  Earl  of  Argyle.     It  was  always 
supposed  that  Coll-Kittagh  was  hung  from  the 
mast  of  his  own  galley,  placed  for  this  purpose 
over  the  cleft  of  a  rock,  near  the  castle  of  Duu- 
staffnage,    but  the  mode    of  his  execution  was 
somewhat  different,  as  we   learn  from  a  manu- 
script   originally    written    by  the    Rev.   James 
Hamilton,  and  of  which  extracts  were  printed  for 
the  first  time  in  Dr.  Reid's  History  of  the  Presby- 
terian  Church,  vol.  i.  pp.  441,  533.     Hamilton, 
the  writer  of  this  MS.,  and  Coll-Kittagh^  hap- 
pened to  be  imprisoned  at  the  same  time  in  the 
castle  of  Mingarrie,  Ardnamurchan.     The  Earl 
of  Argyle,  fearing  that  Coll  might  be  rescued  by 
the  soldiers  of  Montrose,  sent  him  to  a  certain 
Captain  Gillaspick  of  Kirkcaldie,  with  strict  in- 
junctions that  the  latter  should  keep  him  "sicker" 
(secure)  under  the  deck  of  his   ship,   until  he 
(Argyle),  and  none  but  he,  should  send  a  written 
order  for  his  re-delivery.    One  of  Argyle's  agents 
soon  appeared  with  the  fatal  order,  to  whom  Coll 
was  given  up,   and    by  whom  he  was  forthwith 
banged  over  the  ship's  side,  between  Innerkeith- 
ing  and  Kirkcaldie.    "  So,"  as  Hamilton  expresses 
it,  "  was  he  both  hanged  and  drowned." 

Thus  far  the  real  Coll-Kittagh.  But  the  per- 
son whom  Milton  speaks  of  as  "  Colkitto,"  was  a 
son  of  the  former,  whose  Christian  name  was  Alex- 
ander, or  Allaster,  and  who  was  always  named, 
n  Gaelic,  Allaster  Mac  Coll-Kittagh,  to  distinguish 
lim  from  other  Alexanders,  the  sons  of  other 
Colls,  his  kinsmen.  This  Allaster  Mac  Coll-Kit- 
agh  was  notorious  in  Antrim,  during  the  mas- 
acres  of  1641,  as  an  able  and  ruthless  leader  of  a 
murderous  band  of  Irish  and  Scottish  Highlanders, 
le  became  still  more  widely  known  as  the  com- 
mander of  an  expedition  sent  by  the  Marquis  of 


288 


^OTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'*  S.  V.  APRIL  2,  '64. 


Antrim,  in  1644,  to  assist  Montrose  in  Scotland. 
His  name  of  Allaster  Mac  Coll-Kittagh  was  rather 
a  lengthened  appellation,  especially  for  English 
writers,  who  did  not  know  what  it  all  meant. 
They,  therefore,  dropped  his  Christian  name  alto- 
gether, and  gave  him  his  father's  Christian  name 
and  surname,  corruptly  spelled  "  Colkitto."  And, 
indeed,  in  some  of  their  pages  he  actually  figures 
as  "  Colonel  Kitto!" 

Once  for  all,  however,  his  name  was  Alexander, 
the  son  of  Coll-Kittagh ;  the  son  of  Gillaspick ; 
the  son  ofCo\\a,-Duv-na-gCappul,  or,  "  Black  Colla 
of  the  Horses ;"  the  son  of  Alexander  of  Tsla ; 
the  son  of  John,  surnamed  Cathanach,  or  the 
"  warlike  ;"  the  son  of  John ;  the  son  of  Donnell, 
surnamed  Ballach,  or  "freckled;"  the  son  of 
John,  surnamed  Mor,  or  "  large-bodied ;"  the  son 
of  the  "  good  John  of  Isla,"  and  his  second  wife 
Margaret  Stewart,  a  daughter  of  Robert  II.  (See 
Donald  Gregory's  History  of  the  Highlands  and 
Isles  of  Scotland.)  GEO.  HILL. 

Belfast. 

HAYDN'S  CANZONETS  (3rd  S.  v.  212.)  — Though 
unable  to  answer  your  correspondent's  question 
with  respect  to  all  Haydn's  canzonets,  I  can  give 
you  some  information  concerning  one  of  them. 
The  late  Geo.  Dance,  architect,  told  me  that  he 
himself  directed  Haydn's  attention  to  "  She  never 
told  her  love,"  and  recommended  him  to  set  it  to 
music.  There  is  a  story  told  on  the  authority  of 
Dr.  Clarke  Whitfeld,  formerly  professor  of  music 
at  the  University  of  Cambridge,  that  Haydn  read- 
ing "  She  sat  like  passion "  (instead  of  patience} 
"  on  a  monument,"  struck  a  fortissimo  chord  on  the 
pianoforte,  which  he  changed  to  the  present  ex- 
quisite chord  as  soon  as  he  learned  his  mistake. 
While  my  pen  is  in  hand,  I  will  give  you  two  other 
anecdotes  of  the  great  composer,  told  by  the  late 
Mr.  Salomon,  the  violin  player,  who,  as  is  well 
known,  brought  him  to  England.  Among  the 
novelties  introduced  into  music  by  Mozart  were 
quintetts  with  two  violas.  Salomon  asked  Haydn 
to  write  some  quintetts  on  this  plan  ;  but  he  re- 
fused, saying,  "Mozart  has  written  you  some 
quintetts."  When  Haydn  had  completed  his 
"  Twelve  Grand  Symphonies,"  which  his  engage- 
ment with  Salomon  required,  Salomon  compli- 
mented him,  saying,  "  Sir,  I  think  you  will  never 
surpass  these  Symphonies."  "  Sir,"  replied  Haydn, 
"  I  never  mean  to  try."  Musicians  will  know  that 
he  kept  his  word,  though  he  continued  to  write 
quartetts  as  long  as  he  lived.  SEPTUAGENARIUS. 

INCHGAW  (3rd  S.  v.  154.)— Inchgaw,  or  Inch- 
gall,  was  the  name  of  a  small  island,  which  was 
situated  in  the  now  nearly  drained  lake  of  Lo- 
chore, or  Loch  Orr,  in  the  parish  of  Ballingray, 
in  Fife.  There  was  also  a  chapel  here ;  and,  ac- 
cording to  Sibbald,  so  early  as  the  rei<*n  of  Mal- 
colm IV.  (1153— 1165)-others  say  Malcolm  III. 


(1057— 1093)—  Duncan,  of  Lochore,  built  a  castle 
upon  the  island ;  and  there  the  Lochores,  as  well 
as  the  Valoniis  and  the  Wardlaws,  who  were  suc- 
cessively proprietors  or  barons  of  Inchgall  and 
Lochore,  for  many  ages  resided.  It  is  probable 
that  the  "barony  of  Inchgaw"  had  originated 
with  Duncan  of  Lochore.  Robert,  Duke  of  Al- 
bany, when  regent  of  Scotland,  granted  a  con- 
firmation charter  of  the  lands  of  "  Trakeware" 
(Traquair),  in  Peeblesshire,  to  Watson  of  Crany- 
stoun,  dated  "apud  Inchegall,"  Sept.  27,  1407 
(Reg.  Mag.  SigiL,  f.  233).  Notices  of  this  barony 
will  be  found  in  Inquisitiones  Speciales;  and,  un- 
der "Fife,"  No.  389  (May  23,  1627),  the  service 
of  one  of  the  heirs  runs  thus  :  — 

"  In  terris  et  baronia  de  Lochirschyre-Wester  alias 
nuncupatis  Inchegall ;  terris  nuncupates  Flockhous  et 
Bowhouis  de  Inchgall,  cum  lacu  de  Inchgall  et  jure  pa- 
tronatus  capellae  de  Inchgall,"  &c. 

"  The  loch  of  Inchgaw,  with  the  castle,"  is 
mentioned  in  Monipennie's  Briefe  Description  of 
Scotland.  In  an  antiquarian  point  of  view,  Inchgall, 
or  Lochore,  possesses  some  interesting  features. 
Some  say  that  there  was  a  Roman  camp,  and  that 
the  Ninth  Legion  was  attacked  here,  and  nearly 
destroyed  by  the  Caledonians.  It  is  just  possible 
that,  upon  a  careful  examination  of  the  site  of  the 
old  Inch,  traces  of  a  crannoge  may  even  yet  be 
found.  It  will  be  remembered  that  Sir  Walter 
Scott's  eldest  son  married  Miss  Jobson,  heiress  of 
Lochore.  "  Inchgarvie,"  referred  to  by  S.,  is  an 
island  in  the  Forth,  near  Queen sferry ;  locally 
attached  to  the  parish  of  Dalmeny,  co.  Linlith- 
gow.  Ga,  or  Gaw,  is  used  as  a  common  abbre- 
viation of  the  surname  of"  Gall,"  in  the  north-east 
of  Scotland  ;  as  also  is  Aa,  for  "  hall,"  &c.  A.  J. 

CAPTAIN  JAMES  GIF  FORD  AND  ADMIRAL  GIF- 
FORD  (3rd  S.  iv.  472,  528.)  —  1.  Captain  James 
Gifford  of  Girton,  Cambridgeshire,  died  January, 
1814,  and  was  interred  in  the  church  of  All  Saints, 
Cambridge ;  where  his  parents  also  lie  buried. 
His  father  was  one  of  the  aMermen  of  that  town, 
and  served  the  office  of  mayor  in  1757 ;  and, 
thenceforward,  continued  in  the  Commission  of 
the  Peace.  Tablets  to  the  memory  of  Captain 
Gifford  and  his  parents  are  to  be  seen  in  that 
church. 

2.  He  was  in  the  army,  and  Captain  in  the 
14th  Regiment  of  Foot. 

3.  On   looking   over   memoranda  of  accounts 
kept  by  him,  I  find  this  entry :  — 

"  1784,  March  8th.  Paid  Hodson  in  full  for  printing 
Elucidation  of  the  Unity,  &c.,  in  full,  £6  14s.  6d." 

This  is  the  first  mention  I  find  of  publishing 
account :  coupling  this  with  a  memorandum  pre- 
fixed to  a  prayer,  written  and  offered  up  by  him, 
"  On  occasion  of  my  endeavours  to  elucidate  the 
Unity  of  God,"  and  which  bears  date  Sept.  1782, 
it  is  pretty  evident  the  first  edition  of  that  work 
appeared  in  or  about  the  year  1783.  As  "-3" 


regards 

I 


s.  V.  APRIL  2,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


289 


the  Letter  to  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  I  find 
this  entry :  — 

"1785,  October  25th.  Paid  Rivington  for  printing 
Archbishop's  Letter  in  full,  and  settled  with  Bookseller 
Baldwin,  £3  13s." 

I  can  give  no  further  information  as  regards 
any  previous  edition  of  this  Letter,  nor  can  I  state 
when  the  other  three  editions  of  the  Elucidation 
appeared. 

4.  The  enlargements  and  additions  were  all  the 
author's  own.  His  son,  Major-General  Gifford, 
determined  to  print  them  in  full  on  his  father's 
death  ;  and  then  brought  out  the  5th  edition.  ^  He 
knew  it  was  a  subject  entered  on  in  the  spirit  of 
devout  piety,  and  had  occupied  the  writer's 
thoughts  for  many  years  of  his  life.  Capt.  James 
Gifford  (Sen.)  was  also  the  author  of  A  Short 
Essay  on  the  Belief  of  an  Universal  Providence, 
Cambridge,  printed  by  J.  Archdeacon,  1781  ;  and 
of  a  little  work  entitled,  Reflections  on  the  Necessity 
of  Death,  and  the  Hopes  of  a  Future  Existence. 

In  the  Christian  Reformer  for  January  1854 
(No.  119,  New  Series),  there  is  a  Memoir  of 
Rear-Admiral  James  Gifford,  the  eldest  son  of 
Capt.  Gifford,  and  an  account  of  the  good  recep- 
tion his  Remonstrance  met  with.  He  wrote  it 
when  he  was  Captain  in  the  Navy.  In  this  Re- 
former, we  read  in  a  note  :  — 

"  See  a  brief  notice  of  Captain  James  Gifford,  Sen., 
accompanying  a  prayer  of  his  composition  in  Christian 
Reformer,  vol.  i.,  N.  s.,  p.  821 ;  and  of  his  work,  Monthly 
Repository,  vol.  xi.  p.  144." 

The  writer  adds,  "  a  sixth  edition  of  the  Eluci- 
dation was  published  by  the  author's  son,  General 
Gifford" — but  he  should  have  saidjfifth. 

GEO.  S.  J.  GIFFORD. 

ERRONEOUS  MONUMENTAL  INSCRIPTIONS  IN 
BRISTOL  (3rd  S.  v.  87.)— It  may  be  as  well  to 
notice  two  inaccuracies  of  date  in  the  tablet  on 
the  west  wall  of  Bristol  Cathedral  erected  by  a 
"  devoted  friend  "  in  memory  of  the  Porter  family. 
Col.  John  Porter  is  said  to  have  died  in  the  Isle 
of  Man  in  the  year  1810,  aged  38  years.  It 
should  have  been  1811,  as  appears  from  a  letter 
of  Miss  Jane  Porter,  now  lying  before  me,  dated 
Nov.  18,  1811,  in  which  she  speaks  of  having 
lately  been  afflicted  with  the  news  of  the  death  of 
her  brother  John,  who  was  the  merchant  in  the 
West  Indies.  It  would  appear  from  the  Gentle- 
man's Magazine  that  he  died,  poor  fellow!  in 
Castle  Rushen,  an  imprisoned  debtor,  on  the 
19th  of  August,  leaving  a  widow  and  child.  (Query, 
What  became  of  them  ?)  The  father  of  "  this 
highly  gifted  and  most  estimable  family  "  is  said 
to  have  died  at  Durham  in  the  year  of  our  Lord 
T80.  It  should  have  been  1779.  I  add  a  copy 
of  the  inscription  on  his  tombstone  in  the  church- 
yard of  St.  Oswald's  in  Durham :  — 


"  To  the  Memory 

of 

WILLIAM  PORTER, 

Who  was  Surgeon  23  years  to  the 

Inniskilling  Regiment  of  Dragoons, 

And  departed  this  life  the  8th  of 

September,  1779,  in  the  45th  year 

of  his  age. 

He  was  a  tender  husband,  a  kind  father, 
And  a  faithful  friend." 

DUNELMENSIS. 
WlLDMOOR  AND  WHITIMORE   (3rd  S.  V.  220.) 

Not  being  personally  acquainted  with  the  country 
in  question,  I  was  obliged  to  depend  upon  others ; 
and  while  writing  my  note,  I  had  before  me  Fa- 
den's  large  map  of  Staffordshire  in  1799,  together 
with  Cruchley's  Maps  and  Walker's  County  At- 
las—  the  two  last  reduced  from  the  Ordnance 
Survey.  It  will  be  seen,  I  think,  that  I  could 
hardly  come  to  any  other  conclusion  than  that  the 
two  names  applied  to  the  same  place.  Cruchley 
omits  Whitimore,  in  Shropshire ;  and  lays  down 
Wildmoor  farm  within  the  borders  of  Stafford- 
shire on  the  same  spot,  near  Abbots'  Castle,  where 
Faden  has  inserted  Willmor.  Walker  follows  an 
opposite  course,  noting  Whilimore  (sic),  in  Shrop- 
shire, and  not  giving  either  name  in  Staffordshire. 
I  knew  that  the  parish  of  Bobbington  extends  into 
Salop  ;  and  when  I  said  that  Wildmore  did  so,  I 
was  of  course  alluding  to  that  portion  of  Bobbing- 
ton, which  your  correspondent  observes  is  now 
locally  known  as  Wittymere.  After  all,  it  may 
be  that  Willmore  was  the  original  appellation, 
and  that  the  property  of  the  Whitmore  family 
came  to  be  called  after  them,  one  name  easily 
passing  into  the  other ;  or,  vice  versa,  Willmore 
and  Wildmoor  may  themselves  be  corruptions  of 
Whitimore,  and  instances  of  the  changes  in  no- 
menclature which  so  frequently  occur.  The  dis- 
similarity of  the  ancient  and  modern  names  cer- 
tainly struck  me  ;  but  they  are  scarcely  greater 
than  those  of  the  place  near  Burton-on-Trent. 
The  authorities  quoted  by  Shaw  prove  that  Wet- 
more  was  formerly  written  Wittmore,  Wythmere, 
Wightmere,  &c.  I  will  not  conclude  without 
offering  my  thanks  to  your  correspondent  for  his 
friendly  correction.  SHEM. 

ILLEGITIMATE  CHILDREN  OF  CHARLES  II.  (3rd 
S.  v.  211.) — In  the  list,  given  by  OXONIENSIS,  of 
the  illegitimate  children  of  Charles  II.,  there  are 
omitted  Charlotte,  Countess  of  Lichfield,  and 
Barbara,  a  nun  at  Pontoise :  both  daughters  of 
Barbara,  Duchess  of  Cleveland.  And  I  will  add 
a  query :  What  authority  is  there  for  the  exist- 
ence of  James  Stewart,  a  Catholic  priest,  with 
whom  the  list  begins?  I  have  never  seen  him 
mentioned  in  any  list  of  Charles  II.'s  children. 
CHARLES  F.  S.  WARREN. 

LEADING  APES  IN  HELL  (3rd  S.  v.  193.)— I  am 
not  aware  of  the  origin  of  the  phrase,  "  Leading 


290 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3*a  S.  V.  APRIL  2,  '64. 


apes  in  hell,"  as  applied  to  old  maiden  ladies  ;  but 
as  T.  D.  H.  asks  for  earlier  mention  of  the  super- 
stition, I  would  refer  him  to  Much  Ado  About 
Nothing  (Act  II.  Sc.  1),  where  the  theme  is  en- 
larged upon  at  considerable  length  by  a  young 
maiden  lady  of  certain  age,  but  of  uncertain  tem- 
per. Probably  some  commentator  on  this  pas- 
sage may  throw  light  on  the  matter.  C.  A.  L. 

Shenstone,  in  one  of  his  Levities,  or  Pieces  of 
Humour,  entitled  "  Stanzas  to  the  Memory  of  an 
agreeable  Lady,  buried  in  Marriage  to  a  Person 
undeserving  of  her,"  and  which  commences  — 
"  'Twas  always  held,  and  ever  will, 

By  sage  mankind,  discreeter, 
T'  anticipate  a  lesser  ill 
Than  undergo  a  greater  " — 

thus,  in  the  sixth  verse,  alludes  to  the  above 
singular  superstition  :  — 

"  Poor  Gratia,  in  her  twentieth  year, 

Foreseeing  future  woe, 
Chose  to  attend  a  monkey  here, 
Before  an  ape  below." 

MORRIS  C.  IMES. 
Liverpool. 

PAMPHLET  (3rd  S.  v.  167.)  — It  seems  worth 
while  to  make  a  note  of  a  somewhat  unusual 
employment  of  this  word,  upon  which  I  have 
just  happened  in  Shakspeare's  First  Part  of 
Henry  VI. :  — 

"  [.    .    .    Gloster  offers  to  put  up  a  Sill :  Winchester 
snatches  it,  tears  it. 

"  Winchester.   Com'st  thou  with  deep    premeditated 

lines  ? 
With  written  pamphlets,  studiously  devised  ?  " 

JOHN  ADDIS. 

ANCESTOR  WORSHIP  (3rd  S.  v.  212.)  —  For  in- 
formation on  this  subject,  see  Faiths  of  the  World, 
by  Rev.  J.  Gardner,  M.A.,  published  by  Fullar- 
ton  &  Co.  This  work  also  contains  notices  of 
"  Sidereal  Worship."  H.  FISHWICK. 

VERIFYING  QUOTATIONS  :  TRADITIONS,  ETC. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  193,  292.)— A  curious  instance  of  the 
chance  of  continuing  an  error,  unless  a  subject  be 
thoroughly  gone  into,  occurred  the  other  day  in 
editing  the  Architectural  Publication  Society's 
Dictionary,  which  is  perhaps  worth  recording. 
On  coming  to  the  biography  of  Fra  Giovanni  Gio- 
condo,  the  writer  found  there  was  an  epigram 
addressed  to  him  by  the  learned  Sannazarius,  in 
which  the  former  is  described  as  the  architect  of 
"geminum  pontem"  at  Paris.  On  consulting  an 
able  French  authority,  the  editing  Committee 
were  told  there  was  no  question  that  the  bridge 
was  the  old  Pont  aux  Doubles,  a  bridge  which  led 
from  the  front  of  Notre  Dame  to  the  Qu artier 
Latin  ;  and  which  has  just  been  pulled  down,  in 
consequence  of  the  public  improvements — in  fact, 
that  the  name  itself  was  sufficient  evidence  to 
rely  on.  Having,  however,  the  fear  of  our  vigi- 
lant secretary  before  our  eyes,  it  was  determined 


to  search  further.  And  after  ransacking  Sauval, 
and  a  host  of  authorities,  it  was  discovered  that 
the  Pont  aux  Doubles  was  not  erected  till  after 
Giocondo's  death,  and  that  it  was  so  called,  not 
because  it  was  a  "  geminum  pontem,"  or  double 
bridge,  but  because  formerly  there  was  a  toll  of  a 
double,  or  double  denier  (a  small  French  coin, 
worth  the  sixth  part  of  a  penny),  payable  by  all 
who  passed  over  it.  The  discovery  that  so  pro- 
bable a  conjecture,  and  one  that  appears  to  have 
been  so  universally  received,  was,  after  all,  an 
error,  seems  so  curious  that  it  is,  I  hope,  worth 
recording  in  "  N.  &  Q."  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

PORTRAITS  or  OUR  LORD  (3rd  S.  v.  74,  157.)  — 
There  is  evidence  that  such  portraits,  or  rather 
portraits  asserted  to  be  such,  were  extant  in  the 
second  and  third  centuries  of  our  sera.  In  the 
Latin  version  of  Irenseus  (Adversus  Hcereses)  is 
the  following  passage,  relative  to  the  followers  of 
the  heresiarch  Carpocrates  :  — 

"  Etiam  imagines  quasdam  quidem  depictas,  quasdam 
autem  et  de  reliqua  materia  fabricatas  habent,  dicentes 
formam  Christi  factam  a  Pilato,  illo  in  tempore  quo  fuit 
Jesus  cum  hominibus.  Et  has  coronant,  et  proponunt 
eas  cum  imaginibus  mundi  philosophorum,  videlicet  cum 
imagine  Pythagorse,  et  Platonis,  et  Aristotelis,"  &c. 

Hippolitus,  the  bishop  of  Portus,  in  his  cor- 
responding book,  Kara  Traaav  alpiaeuv,  has  a  shorter 
passage  to  the  same  effect  :  — 

"  Kal  et/cJvas  8e  KaraffKfvd^ovffi  TOV  XpJOToC,  \cyovres 
virb  FliAoTou  rip 


Both  passages  throw  doubt  upon  the  authen- 
ticity of  the  representations.  See  Bunsen's  Hip- 
polytus  and  his  Age,  vol.  i.  pp.  80,  81.  H.  C.  C. 

SANCROFT  (3rd  S.  v.  213.)—  Francis  Sancroft, 
of  Fressingfield  (co.  Suffolk),  had  by  his  wife 
Margaret,  daughter  and  co-heiress  of  Thomas 
Boucher  of  Wilby,  in  the  same  county,  two  sons, 
Thomas,  and  William,  the  Archbishop  ;  and  six 
daughters  —  Deborah,  Elizabeth,  Alice,  Frances, 
Mary,  and  Margaret. 

Although  I  have  been  unable  to  find  out  any 
of  their  husbands'  names,  I  would  suggest  that 
the  following  probable  sources  should  be  tested. 

The  Archbishop,  who  was  fond  of  obtaining 
any  information  connected  with  his  family,  made 
extracts  with  his  own  hand  from  the  register 
books,  of  the  parish  of  Fressingfield,  of  the  births, 
marriages,  and  deaths  of  all  members  of  the  San- 
croft  family  from  the  year  1739.  These  were  in 
existence  some  few  years  ago,  and  in  the  posses- 
sion of  the  Rev.  ,  Mr.  Holmes  of  Gawdy  Hall, 
Suffolk. 

Three  large  volumes  of  letters,  principally  on 
private  matters,  addressed  to  Archbishop  San- 
croft  at  different  times,  are  in  the  Harleian  Col- 
lection (Nos.  3783—3785). 

In  Dr.  Ayscough's  Catalogue  (4223,  130),  among 


3'd  S.  V.  APRIL  2,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


291 


papers  left  by  Dr.  Birch,  are  several  documents 
relating  to  the  private  history  of  the  Archbishop. 
About  the  year  1661,  his  sister  Catherine  lived 
with  the  Archbishop ,  so  that  it  is  probable  that, 
in  that  year,  that  lady  was  a  spinster. 

WYNNE  E.  BAXTER. 

TEUST  AND  TRUSTY  (3rd  S.  v.  231.)  — Your 
correspondent  J.  C.  J.,  who  has  taken  under  his 
special  patronage  the  new  word  —  or  would-be 
word  —  reliable,  in  order  to  obviate  the  objection 
that  its  use  has  been  anticipated  and  supplied  by 
trustworthy,  advanced,  in  a  letter  to  "  1ST.  &  Q." 
some  weeks  or  months  ago,  the  ingenious  theory 
that  "trust"  and  its  derivates  are,  properly, 
susceptible  only  of  a  personal  application.  1  pro- 
tested against  the  limitation  as  novel,  arbitrary 
and  untenable,  and  I  cited  Shakspeare.  J.  C.  J. 
replies  in  an  article  headed  "  Trusty :  Trust,  as 
used  by  Shakspeare."  I  waive  all  discussion  of 
"  Trusty,"  because  it  was  not  the  equivalent  sug- 
gested for  "  reliable."  Let  us  go  to  the  root, 
"  Trust."  J.  C.  J.  says  that  Shakspeare  uses 
this  word  120  times;  that  for  more  than  one  half 
of  these  he  applies  it  to  persons,  and  frequently 
in  the  remaining  cases  to  things  which  have  refer- 
ence to  persons.  J.  C.  J.  considers  swords  and 
other  weapons  to  possess  (poetice)  a  sort  of  per- 
sonal existence ;  and  from  these  premises  he  con- 
cludes that  Shakspeare,  though  "  he  occasionally 
disregards  it,"  prefers  his  (J.  C.  J.'s)  use  of  the 
word  "  trust." 

With  these  assumptions,  inferences,  and  re- 
servations it  is  not  easy  to  deal.  Shakspeare's 
preference  of  the  personal  to  the  material  appli- 
cation of  the  word,  if  he  be  admitted  to  have 
employed  both,  is  too  loose  and  conjectural  a 
thesis  for  argument.  In  the  mean  time,  the  word 
is  used  by  every  one  in  its  material  sense  a  dozen 
times  a  day.  A  man  trusts  or  distrusts  his  watch, 
his  weather-glass,  his  wall,  as  it  may  be  well  or 
ill  built — his  horse,  as  it  may  be  sure-footed  or 
otherwise,  &c.  &c. ;  and  he  does  so  in  perfectly 
good  English.  The  distinction  is  too  fine  to 
handle.  J.  C.  J.  is  much  less  nicely  discriminate 
in  matters  of  neology,  when  he  talks  of  "the 
modern  words  reliance  and  reliable"  as  if  they 
were  parallel  in  date  and  authority, — whereas  the 
one  is  to  be  found  in  Shakspeare,  is  used  by 
Dryden,  Atterbury,  Bolingbroke,  and  probably 
by  every  great  writer  of  the  English  language  for 
the  last  two  centuries — whilst  the  other  is,  as  we 
all  know,  the  newspaper  spawn  of  the  last  ten  or 
twelve  years. 

I  quite  agree  with  J.  C.  J.  that  it  would  be 
execrable  English,  even  for  the  nineteenth  cen- 
tury, to  say  that  "  your  honesty  is  reliable " 
(though  I  am  rather  surprised  that  he  should 
admit  it  to  be  so)  ;  but  to  say  "  your  honesty  is 
trustworthy,"  would  be  as  good  Victorian  as 
"  Elizabethan."  X. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

Essays  on  the  Administrations  of  Great  Britain  from  1783 
to  1830.  Reprinted  from  the  Edinburgh  Review.  By  the 
Rt.  Hon.  Sir  George  Cornewall  Lewis,  Bart.  Edited 
by  Sir  Edmund  Head,  Bart.  (Longman.) 
Those  who  remember  the  very  interesting  series  of 
papers  on  the  various  Administrations  from  the  time  of 
Lord  North,  Lord  Rockingham,  Lord  Shelburne,  the 
Coalition,  and  Mr.  Pitt,  down  to  those  of  Mr.  Canning, 
Lord  Goderich,  and  the  Duke  of  Wellington,  which  were 
from  time  to  time  contributed  to  the  Edinburgh  Review 
by  that  accomplished  scholar  and  excellent  man,  the 
late  Sir  George  Lewis,  owe  their  best  thanks  to  Lord 
Stanhope  and  the  other  discerning  critics  to  whose  sug- 
gestions they  are  indebted  for  this  republication  of  them 
in  a  collected  form.  The  articles  are  not  so  much  a  his- 
tory of  England  during  the  period  to  which  they  relate — 
a  period  of  deep  interest,  and  replete  with  instruction  — 
as  a  commentary  on  the  ministerial  history  of  that  day. 
Such  a  commentary  by  a  man  like  Sir  George  Lewis, 
who  in  addition  to  being  singularly  acute  and  indus- 
trious, and  as  singularly  just  and  impartial,  combined 
practical  statesmanship  with  a  philosophical  appreciation 
of  the  acts  and  motives  of  men,  cannot  fail  to  rivet  the 
attention  of  historical  students,  and  to  be  read  with 
advantage  by  all.  In  the  present  republication,  the  Es- 
says are  given  with  many  passages,  notes,  and  references, 
which,  for  want  of  space,  were  omitted  in  the  Edinburgh 
Review,  while  a  certain  air  of  completeness  is  given  to 
the  series  by  the  addition  of  an  excellent  Index. 

The  Bibliographer's  Manual  of  English  Literature,  by 
William  Thomas  Lowndes.  New  Edition,  revised,  cor- 
rected, and  enlarged  by  Henry  G.  Bohn.  Part  X. 
(Bohn.) 

The  present  Part  concludes  Mr.  Bonn's  bibliographical 
labours  on  the  nucleus  furnished  by  Lowndes ;  but,  as  he 
tells  us,  does  not  complete  the  work,  as  it  is  to  be  followed 
immediately  by  an  Appendix,  which'  will  contain,  inter 
alia,  a  complete  list  of  all  the  books  printed  by  the  Lite- 
rary and  Scientific  Societies  of  Great  Britain.  This  will 
certainly  be  a  most  useful  addition  to  Bohn's  Lowndes, 
which  if  not  perfect,  is  an  enormous  improvement  upon 
the  original  work,  and  one  for  which  all  book  lovers  are 
under  great  obligations  to  Mr.  Bohn. 


ta 

We  have  been  unavoidably  compelled  to  omit  some  of  our  Notes  on 
Books. 

J.  H.    We  shall  be  glad  to  receive  the  notes  on  Gurnall. 

J.  HENRY  will  find  a  Table  of  University  Hoods  in  our  2nd  S.  vi.  p. 
211 ;  and  references  to  a  considerable  number  of  articles  on  the  same  sub- 
ject in  the  General  Index  to  our  Second  Series. 

E.  A.  GREEN.  May  marriages  were  considered  unlucky  in  the  time  of 
Ovid,  who  tells  us  in  his  Fasti  — 

"  Mense  malas  Maio  nubere  vulgua  ait,"— 

a  line  which  was  affixed  on  the  gates  of  Holy  rood  the  morning  after  the: 
•marriage  of  Mara  and  Botliwell.  See  a  curious  paper  on  the  subject  by 
the  late  Mr.  Singer, "  N.  &  Q."  1st  8.  ii.  52. 

If  any  Subscriber  to  "  N.  &  Q."  should  discover  the  vol.  iv.  3rd  S.  in  his 
'  with  marginal  MS.  notes,  he  will  confer  a  favour 


on  the  owner,  Mr.  W.  J.  Btrnhurd  Smith,  by  returning  the  same,  cither 
to  the  office  of  "  N.  &  Q."  or  to  I,  Plowden  Buildings,  Temple,  when  a 
clean  copy  will  be  exchanged  for  it. 

J.  D.  Lady-day  ha*  fallen  on  Good  Friday  three  times  during  the 
present  century,  namely,  in  1842, 1863,  and  1864.  This  will  not  happen 
again  till  the  year  1910.  The  mediceval  couplet  refers  to  Easter  Day, 
not  to  Good  Friday.  See  "  N.  &  Q."  3rd  S.  v.  224. 

"NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publisher  {including  the  llakt- 
yearly  INDBX)  is  Us.  4rf.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order, 
p«  i/able  at  the  Strand  Post  Office,  in  favour  of  WILLIAM  G.  SMITH,  32, 
WELLI.NOTON  STHEFT,  STRAND.  W.C.,  to  whom  all  COMMUNICATION!  rom. 
TH«  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 


292 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  APRIL  2,  '64. 


Library  of  the  late  SAJfxTgjlLs9^EME  FENTON'  ES<I- 


ESSRS.  PUTTICK  &  SIMPSON  will  SELL  by 


moved  iroiii  ins  rewuwmw  •»  *^»»w«*^f  *»w»«"--^»  •  ,^™^-  — Y«T      i          j* 

he  World  1491  -  Glanvill,  De  Proprietatibus  Rerum,  Wynkyn  de 
Worde  rH94]  -  Brandt's  Ship  of  Fooles,  1570- original  editions  of 
HolinfhJd's  and  Grafcon's  Chronicles- Holy  Bible  (Matthewe's),  1549 
New  Testament  (June's),  1552_La  Mer  des  Histoires.  2  vols.  1491  — 
HeurTs, printed  on  vellum,  1500-Whitaker  and  Thoresby's  Leeds,  2 
vols.,  large  paper-Burton's  Leicestershire,  large  paper-Sir  J. Ware a 
whole  Works,  3  vols.  in  2,  large  paper-the  Works  of  Sir  W .  Dugdale 
(Warwickshire,  Baronage,  St.  Paul's  Origmes  Jund.  illustrated) - 
Hakluyt's  Voyages,  3  vols.-Selby's  British  Birds,  2  vols. —  Curtis  s 
Flora  Londinensis,  with  continuations,  5  vols.  —  Catesby  a  Carolina, 
2vols.-Burney's  History  of  Music,  4  vols.-Herbert's  Ames,  3  vols.— 
Percy  Society's  Publications,  complete,  30  vols.-Brydges'sCensura,  and 
Restituta,  14  vols.-Arthur  of  Little  Britain-Painter's  Palace  of  Plea- 
sure-Archaica  and  Heliconia,  5  vols.-Antiquarian  Repertory,  4  vo la. 
-Chalmers's  British  Poets,  21  vols.-Blackwood's  Magazine,  88  vols. 
—Annual  Register,  74  vols.  -  Gentleman's  Magazine,  with  all. the 
Indexes,  149  vols.  —  Works  relating  to  Ireland—  and  numerous  cunpus 
and  interesting  Books  in  the  various  classes  of  Theology,  Classics, 
History,  Biography,  Voyages  and  Travels,  Natural  History,  Books  of 
Prints.  Bibliography,  Remarkable  Trials,  Poetry,  Plays,  Romances, 
Facetise,  Emblems- Works  illustrative  of  Popular  Credulity  and 
Superstition,  Apparitions,  Witchcraft,  Alchemy,  &c. 

Catalogues  sent  on  receipt  of  two  stamps. 


E 


EDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 

recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:  — 
Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24s. 

per  dozen. 
White  Bordeaux  ..........................  24s.  and  30s.  per  doz. 

Good  Hock  ................................  30s.    „     36s.        „ 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne  ......  36s.,  42s.    „     48s. 

Good  Dinner  Sherry  ........................  24s.    „     80s. 


Port  ..................................  24s.,30s. 


36s. 


They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
Of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120s.  per  doz. 

Vintage  1834 „   108s.       „ 

Vintage  1840 ,     84s.       „ 

Vintage  1847 „     72s.       „ 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry,  36s., 42s. 
48s.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s.,  42s.,  48s. ,60s.,  72s.,  84s.;  Hochhei- 
mer,  Marcobrunner,  Rudesheimer,  Steinberg,  Leibfraumilch,  60s.; 
Johannesberger  and  Steinberger,  72s.,  84s.,  to  120s.;  Braunberger,  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48s.  to  84s.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48s.,  60s.,  66s., 


78s.;  very  choice  Champagne,  66s.  78s.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Lachrymse  Christi,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  doz. : 


very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 
(Originally  established  A.o.1667.) 

EAU-DE-VIE.— This  pure  PALE  BRANDY,  18s. 
per  gallon,  is  peculiarly  free  from  acidity,  and  very  superior  to 
recent  importations  of  Cognac.  In  French  bottles,  38s.  per  doz.;  or  in 
a  case  for  the  country.  39s.,  railway  carriage  paid.  No  agents,  and  to 
be  obtained  only  of  HENRY  BRETT  &  CO.,  Old  Furnivaf's  Distillery, 
Holborn,  B.C.,  and  30,  Regent  Street,  Waterloo  Place,  S.W.,  London, 
Prices  Current  free  on  application. 

"  -OECONNOITERER"  GLASS,  9s.  6d.  I  Weighs 

.  J-l>  8°z-»  shows  distinctly  the  windows  and  doors  of  houses  ten 
miles  oft.  Jupiter's  Moons,  &c.;  as  a  Landscape  Glass  is  valuable  for 
twenty-five  miles.  Nearly  all  the  Judges  at  Epsom  and  Newmarket 
use  it  alone.  The  Reconnoiterer  is  very  good."  — Marquis  of  Car- 
marthen. I  never  before  met  an  article  that  so  completely  answered 
its  maker's  recommendation."_F.  H.  Fawkes,  Esq.  of  Farnley.  "  The 
economy  of  price  is  not  procured  at  the  cost  of  efficiency.  We  have 
carefully  tried  it  at  an  8uO-yard  rifle-range,  against  all  the  glasses  pos- 
sessed by  the  members  of  the  corps,  and  found  it  fully  equal  to  many, 
although  they  had  cost  more  than  four  times  its  price."_Field.  "  Ef- 
&2S2  °nv  «e  !'}00~.?aArd  .ra?ee."-Captain  Sendey,  Royal  Small  Arms 
j- actory,  ^nneia.  An  indispensable  companion  to  a  pleasure  trip.  It 
Th^t£H0(theS'flGlIS  cheap'"  — Notes  and  Queries.  Post-free,  10s.  lOd. 

jyySi!bl*lto'11*^ 

rtHUBB'S    LOCKS    and  FIREPROOF  SAFES 


CHUBB  &  SON,  57,  St.  Paul's  Churchyard,  London-  27  Lord  Str 

ket  streeti 


Price  Is.  6d.,  Free  by  Post, 

PITMAN'S  MANUAL  OF  PHONOGRAPHY. 

London:  F.  PITMAN,  20,  Paternoster  Row,  B.C. 

PITMAN'S  PHONOGRAPHY  TAUGHT  by  MR.  F.  PITMAN. 

In  Class,  7s.  6d.    Privately,  II.  Is. 

Apply  at  20,  Paternoster  Row. 

4BOVE   50,000  Volumes  of  rare,  curious,  useful, 
and  valuable  BOOKS,  Ancient  and  Modern,  in  various  languages 
classes  of  Literature,  splendid  Books  of  Prints,  Picture  Galleries, 
and  Illustrated  Works,  beautifully  Illuminated  Ma 
lum,  &c.,  are  now  ON  SALE,  at  very  greatly  reduced 


, 

and  Illustrated  Works,  beautifully  Illuminated  Manuscripts,  on  Vel- 
lum, &c.,  are  now  ON  SALE,  at  very  greatly  reduced  prices,  by  JOS] 
LILLY,  17  and  18,  New  Street,  Covent  Garden,  London,  W.C.   A 


Catalogue,  including  a  selection  of  Books  from  the  valuable  Library  of 
the  late  H.  T.  Buckle,  Esq.,  will  be  forwarded  on  the  receipt  of  two 
postage-stamps. 


PARTRIBGS     &.    COZENS 

Is    the   CHEAPEST    HOUSE  in   the    Trade  for 

PAPER  and  ENVELOPES,  fcc.  Useful  Cream-laid  Note, 2*.  3d.  per 
ream.  Superfine  ditto,  3s.  3d.  Sermon  Paper,  3s.  6d.  Straw  Paper,  2«. 
Foolscap,  6s.  6d.  per  Ream.  Black  bordered  Note,  5  Quires  for  It. 
Super  Cream  Envelopes,  6d.  per  100.  Black  Bordered  ditto.  Is.  per 
100.  Tinted  lined  India  Note  (ft  Colours),  5  Quires  for  Is.  6d.  Copy 
Books  (Copies  set),  Is.  6d.  per  dozen.  P.  &  C.'s  Law  Pen  (as  flexible 
as  the  Quill),  2s.  per  gross.  Name  plate  engraved,  and  100  best  Cards 
printed  for  3s.  6d. 

No  Charge  for  Stamping  Arms,  Crests,  4c.  from  own  Dies. 

Catalogues  Post  Free;  Orders  over  20s.  Carriage  paid. 

Copy  Address,  PARTRIDGE  &  COZENS, 
Manufacturing  Stationers,  1,  Chancery  Lane,  and  192,  Fleet  St.  E.G. 


PRIZE  MEDAL  AWARDED. 
TOTTLIVEIK-    AXJB     CAKE, 

DESPATCH  BOX,  DRESSING  CASE,  AND  TRAVELLING 
BAG  MAKERS, 

7,  NBW  BOND  STREET,  W., 

AND  SISB  LAKE,  CITY  (NEAR  MANSION  HOUSE). 

(Established  1735.) 


BOOKBINDING— in    the  MONASTIC,   GROLIER, 
MAIOLI  and  ILLUMINATED  styles -in  the  most  superior 
manner,  by  English  and  Foreign  Workmen. 

JOSEPH  ZAEHNSDORF, 
BOOKBINDER  TO  THE  KING  OF  HANOVER, 

English  and  Foreign  Bookbinder, 
30,  BRYDGES  STREET,  COVENT  GARDEN,  W.C. 


OHO  AUTHORS.— MURRAY  &  Co.'s  NEW  MODE 

JL  of  PUBLISHING  is  the  only  one  that  affords  Authors,  publishing 
on  their  own  account,  an  opportunity  of  ensuring  a  Profit.  Estimates 
and  particulars  forwarded  on  application. 

MURRAY  &  CO.,  13,  Paternoster  Row,  B.C. 

THE  PRETTIEST  GIFT  for  a  LADY  is  one  of 
JONES'S  GOLD  LEVERS,  at  Ul.  Us.    For  a  GENTLEMAN, 
one  at  10Z.  10s.    Rewarded  at  the  International  Exhibition  for  "  Cheap- 
ness of  Production." 

Manufactory,  338,  Strand,  opposite  Somerset  House. 


DIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.  ~ 

MAGNOLIA,  WHITE  ROSE,  FRANGIPANNI.  GERA- 
NIUM, PA  TCHOULY,  EVER-SWEET,  jNEW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1 ,000  others.  2s.  6d.  each.-2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 

OND'S    PERMANENT   MARKING   INK. — 

_*    The  original  invention,  established  1821,  for  marking  CRESTS, 

AMES,  INITIALS,  upon  household  linen,  wearing  apparel,  &c. 

N.B Owing  to  the  great  repute  in  which  this  Ink  is  held  by  families, 

outfitters,  &c.,  inferior  imitations  are  often  sold  to  the  public,  which  do 
not  possess  any  of  its  celebrated  qualities.  Purchasers  should  there- 
fore be  careful  to  observe  the  address  on  the  label,  10,  B1SHOPSGATE- 
STREET  WITHIN,  E.C.,  without  which  the  Ink  is  not  genuine. 
Sold  by  all  respectable  chemists,  stationers,  &c.,  in  the  United  King- 
dom, price  Is.  per  bottle;  no  6rf.  size  ever  made. 

NOTICE.-  REMOVED  from  28,  Long  Lane  (where  it  has  been, 
established  nearly  half  a  century),  to 

10,  BISHOPSGATE  STREET  WITHIN,  B.C. 


3'd  S.  V.  APRIL  2,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

WESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

f  ?      AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LITE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHI*F  OFFICBS  :  S,  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 
77,  KING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


H.E.Bicknell.EBq. 

T.Somere  Cocke,Esq.,M.A.,J.F. 

Geo.  H.  Drew,  Esq.,  M.A. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.  Goodhart.Esq.,  J.P. 
.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,M.P. 
Peter  Hood,  Esq. 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  R.  E.Howard,  D.C.L. 
James  Hunt,  Esq. 
John  Leigh,  Esq. 
Edm.  Lucas,  Esq 


F.B.  Marson,  Esq. 
E. 


.  VansittartNeale,Esq.,M.A. 
Bonamy  Price,  Esq.,  M.A. 

J.  H."Goodhart,Esq.,J.P.  Jas.  Lys  Seager.Esq. 

.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,  M.P.         Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 
John  B.  White,  Esq. 
Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
A  ctwtry.—  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest. according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society  s  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Kates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
Within  tne  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MKDICAI,  MEN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHARGE  MADE  FOR  POLICY  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready,  price  14». 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 


O  S  T   E    O       £  X  X>  O  Iff. 

Patent,  March  1,  1862,  No.  560. 

pABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH   and 

\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE  OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 
27,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London; 

134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinioni,  of  thepress,testimonials,&c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth/'    Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 

BROWN  AND  POLSON'S 

PATENT    CORN    FLOUR, 

GUARANTEED  PERFECTLY  PURE, 


DIET 

and  much 


is  a  favourite 
FOR  CHILDREN, 


and  much  approved 
For  PUDDINGS,  CUSTARDS,  &c. 


STARCH  MANUFACTURERS 
TO  H.R.H.  THE  PRINCESS  OF  WALES. 

GLENFIELD     PATENT     STARCH, 
Used  in  the  Royal  Laundry, 
And  awarded  the  Prize  Medal,  1862. 
Sold  by  all  Grocers, Chandlers,  &c.,  &c. 

TJOLLOW AY'S    PILLS.- JOY  FOR  INVALIDS.— 


The  greatest  and  best  chemical  combination  of  the  very  fi 

s  dwells  in  tins  excellent  medicine,  which  to  be  praised  ne 

Btrnn^  Bmgle  trM'     The  P"1^1'^   Power  of  these   excellent  Pis 

roneiy  recommends  them  to  the  use  of  Families  in  which  any  con- 

nas  thonm   "eakne88.°r  de  eterious  taint  exist8'    Uolloway's  medidne 

hv  riV«-     ,°-8t  renovatmg  effect  when  the  system  has  become  debilitated 


me  debilitated 

<  °Vu   ln(!u'gent;e>  pr  long  continued  illness.    The  Pills, 
M»\terativ«M.  aperients,  and  tonics,  impart  strength  and 
the  u«  of  this"*'  fn30^5'-  Nonrtschfcf  can  by  any  possibility  arile  from 
his  world-esteemed  remedy;  innocent  in  nature  and  harm- 
i  in  action,  it  is  admirably  adapted  for  every  delicate  constitution. 


N 


ORTH  BRITISH  AND  MERCANTILE 

INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

Established  1809. 
Incorporated  by  Royal  Charter  and  Special  Acts  of  Parliament. 

Accumulated  and  Invested  Funds £2,122,828 

Annual  Revenue £422,401 

LONDON  BOARD. 

JOHN  WHITE  CATER,  Esq.,  Chairman 
CHARLES  MORRISON,  Esq.,  Deputy-Chairman- 


A.  De  Arroyave,  Esq. 
Edward  Cohen,  Esq. 
James  Du  Buisson,  Esq. 
P.DuPreGrenfell.Esq. 
A.  Klockmann,  Esq. 

A.  H.  Campbell,  Esq. 
P.C.Cavan.Esq. 


John  Mollett,  Esq. 
Junius  S.  Morgan,  Esq. 
G.  Garden  Nicol,  Esq. 
John  H.  Wm.  Schroder,  Esq. 
George  Young,  Esq. 

Ex-DlRECTORS. 

I  P.P.Ralli,Esq. 

Robert  Smith,  Esq. 


Frederic  Somes,  Esq. 

Manager  of  Fire  Department— George  H.  Whyting. 
Superintendent  of  Foreign  Department— G.  H.  Burnett. 

Secretary— F.  W.  Lance. 
General  Manager— David  Smith. 

FIRE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  Company  grants  Insurances  against  Fire  in  the  United  King- 
dom, and  all  Foreign  Countries. 
Mercantile  risks  in  the  Port  of  London  accepted  at  reduced  rates. 


Losses  promptly  and  liberally  settled. 
Foreign  Hisks.—The  Directors  having   a  practical   knowledge   of 
Foreign  Countries  are  prepared  to  issue  Policies  on  the  most  favour- 


able terms.    In  all  cases  a  discount  will  be  allowed  to  Merchants  and 
others  effecting  such  insurances. 

LIFE  DEPARTMENT. 

The  following  Statement  exhibits  the  improvement  effected  during 
the  last  few  years :  — 

"      Sums. 


1858 
1859 
I860 
1861 


JSTo.  of  Policies 

issued. 

455 

605 

741 

785 

1,037 


377,425 
449,913 
475,649 
527,626 
768,334 


Premiums. 
£.     8.  d. 
12,565  18    8 

14.070  1     6 

14.071  17    7 
16,553    2    9 
23,641    0    0 


Thus  in  five  years  the  number  of  Policies  issued  was  3,623,  assuring 
the  large  sum  of  2,928,947*. 

The  leading  features  of  the  Office  are  :— 

1.  Entire  Security  to  Assurers. 

2.  The  large  Bonus  Additions  already  declared,  and  the  prospect  of  a 
further  Bonus  at  the  next  investigation. 

3.  The  advantages  afforded  by  the  varied  Tables  of  Premiums—unre- 
stricted conditions  of  Policies— and  general  liberality  in  dealing  with 
the  Assured. 

Forms  of  Proposal  and  every  information  will  be  furnished  on  appli- 
cation at  the 

Head  Offices  :  LONDON 58,  Threadneedle  Street. 

4,  New  Bank- buildings. 

EDINBURGH 64,  Princes  Street. 

WEST-END  OFFICE  :  8,  WATERLOO-PLACE,  Pall  Mall. 


DEBENTURES   at  5,  5J,   and  6   PER  CENT 
CEYLON  COMPANY,  LIMITED.  Subscribed  Capital,  £350,00 


DIRECTORS. 

Lawford  Acland,  Esq.,  Chairman. 
Major-General     Henry    1'elham 

Burn. 

Harry  George  Gordon,  Esq. 
George  Ireland,  Esq. 


Duncan  James  Kay,  Esq. 
Stephen  P.  Kennard,  Esq. 
Patrick  F.  Robertson,  Esq. 
Robert  Smith,  Esq. 
Sir  S.  Villiers  Surtees,  K.B. 


MANAGER— C.  J.  Braine,  Esq. 

three,  and 
o  prepared 

to  invest  money  "or  mortgage  in  Ceylon  and  Mauritius,  either  with  or 
without  the  Guarantee  of  the  Company,  as  may  be  arranged. 

Applications  for  particulars  to  be  made  at  the  Office  of  the  Company, 
No.  12,  Leadenhall  street,  London,  E.C. 

By  Order,  JOHN  ANDERSON,  Secretary. 


The  Directors  are  prepared  to  issue  Debentures  for  one,  thri 
five  years,  at  5, 5j,  and  6  per  cent,  respectively.  They  are  also  pi 
to  invest  money  or  mortgaze  in  Ceylon  and  Mauritius,  either ' 


SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 
"THE    ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERRINS. 
The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
should  see  that  LEA  &  PERRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 
Bottle,  and  Stopper. 

ASK  FOB  LEA  AND  PEKKINS*  SAUCE. 

***  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors,  Worcester; 
MESSRS.  CRObSE  and  BLACKWELL,  MESSRS.  BARCLAY  and 
SONS,  London,  &c.,£c.;  and  by  Grocers  and  Oilmen  universally . 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


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3'dS.V.  APRIL  9, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


293 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  APRIL  9,  1864. 

CONTENTS. —No.  119. 

NOTES:  — The  Birth-place  of  Robin  Hood,  293—  Alabar- 
ches,  294  — Joseph  Hume,  Ib.  —  Application  of  Gustavus 
Adolphus  to  Charles  I.  on  behalf  of  Patrick  Ruthven,  Ib.— 
Henry  Dennis  —  Corpse :  Defend  —  Thomas  Nugent,  Esq., 
&c.  —  Burial  Offerings  —  Funeral  Offerings,  295. 

QUERIES:  — "Abel,"  Oratorio  of  — George  Augustus  Ad- 
derley  —  "  Aurea  vincenti,"  &c.  —  Aneroids  —  The  Ballot  — 
Beech-Droppings—"  The  Church  of  our  Fathers  "  —  Lieut.- 
Col.  Cotterell  —  "  Feast  of  the  Despots  "  —  The  Great  Ita- 
lian Poet  —  "  The  House  that  Jack  Built  "  —  Thomas  More 
Molyneux  —  Massachusetts  Stone  —  Northamptonshire 
Inhabitants  of  Celtic  Extraction  —  Pit  and  Gallows  — 
Timothy  Plain  —  Rev.  William  Romaine,  M.  A.  —  Romano- 
British  Money  —  Cheyne  Rowe,  Esq.,  an  Author  — Stum 
Rod  —  Dr.  Jonathan  Wagstaffe,  297. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS:  —Font  at  Chelmorton—  Gram- 
mar of  the  Gay  Science  —  "  Coliberti,"  &c.  —  Quotation  — 
James  VI.'s  Natural  Son — "  Chronicles  of  the  Kings  of  Eng- 
land," ?00. 

REPLIES :  —  Heraldic  Query,  301  —  Situation  of  Zoar,  Ib.  — 
Publication  of  Diaries,  303  —  Cromwell's  Head,  305  — 
Anonymous  Contributions  to  "  N.  &  Q."  —  Quotation  — 
Elma  —  Hugh  Branham,  M.A.  —  Parish  Registers  :  Tomb- 
stones and  their  Inscriptions  —  On  Wit  — James  Cum- 
ming,  F.S.A.  —  William  Lillington  Lewis  —  A.  E.  I.  o.  tr.— 
Quotation  wanted :  Evander's  Order  — Oghams  — Enigma 
—  Fitz-James,  Duke  of  Berwick,  and  Fitz- James,  &c.  — 
Witty  Classical  Quotations  —  Royal  Cadency  —  Meschines 
—Archbishop  Hamilton  —  Towt,  Towter,  &c.,  307. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


THE  BIRTH-PLACE  OF  ROBIN  HOOD. 

The  melancholy  catastrophe  at  Sheffield  has 
brought  before  the  eyes  of  the  public  the  name  of 
a  river  or  rivulet  called  the  Loxley.  On  seeing 
that  name  in  the  Leeds  Mercury  it  immediately 
occurred  to  me,  has  this  river  any  connection 
with  the  reputed  birth-place  of  Robin  Hood  ?  I 
at  once  turned  to  the  Ordnance  Survey,  sheet 
294,  six  inch  scale,  and  there  sure  enough  I  not 
only  found  the  river  Loxley,  but  a  very  small 
hamlet  on  its  northern  bank  called  Loxley  also. 
Now,  is  this  the  "  Merry  sweet  Locksley  town  "  of 
the  ballad?  Hunter,  in  his  Hallamshire,  states 
that  within  the  memory  of  man  the  district  was 
wholly  unenclosed  and  uncultivated ;  and  he  is 
of  opinion  that  it  has  "  the  fairest  pretensions  to 
be  the  Locksley  of  our  old  ballads.  The  remains 
of  a  house  in  which  it  was  pretended  he  (Robin 
Hood)  was  born  were  formerly  pointed  out  in  a 
small  wood  in  Loxley,  called  Barwood ;  and  a 
well  of  fine  clear  water,  rising  near  the  bed  of  the 
river,  has  been  called  Robin  Hood's  Well." 

The  ^traditions  respecting  the  "  mythical  per-, 
sonage  "  are  still  unforgotten  in  that  district,  for 
within  a  quarter  of  a  mile  of  this  hamlet  there  is 
a  public-house  called  "Robin  Hood  and  Little 
John " ;  whilst  upon  the  moors  two  or  three 
miles  to^  the  northwest  we  find  "  Robin  Hood's 
Spring,"  and  a  large  part  of  the  moor  is  distin- 
guished from  the  surrounding  wilderness  by  the 
name  of  "  Robin  Hood's  Moss." 


A  propos  of  Robin,  I  may  be  allowed  to  make 
the  following  remarks  :  — 

Hunter  conjectures,  and  not  without  some  de- 
gree of  plausibility,  that  Sir  Richard  atte  Lee, 
whom  Robin  befriends,  was  a  member  of  the 
House  of  Lee  or  Leigh  of  Middleton,  near  Leeds. 
If  Sir  Richard  did  go  from  Middleton  on  his 
journey  to  meet  the  Abbot  of  St.  Mary's,  his  road 
would  lay  across  the  present  Leeds  and  Wake- 
field  turnpike  road,  just  about  at  a  spot  where 
the  road  crosses  a  bank  spanned  by  a  bridge 
still  known  by  the  name  of  Robin  Hood's  Bridge. 
Indeed  the  whole  district,  now  the  site  of  many 
coal-pits,  is  called  by  his  name;  and  if  this  was 
the  bridge  where  "ther  was  a  wraselyng,"  is  it 
not  probable  that  the  knight  in  his  gratitude  gave 
the  district  (which  would  be  his  own  property)  its 
present  name  "  for  love  of  Robyn  Hode  ?  " 

Is  there  any  evidence  to  warrant  us  in  stating 
that  the  hill  about  three  quarters  of  a  mile  north 
of  Wrenthorpe,  near  Wakefield,  now  called  Robin 
Hood's  Hill,  was  the  scene  of  the  battle  between 
Robin  and  the  Jolly  Finder  ?  The  hill  in  ques- 
tion is  near  the  Wakefield  and  Bradford  turnpike 
road,  and  the  pinder  in  terms  of  reproach  states — 

"  For  you  have  forsaken  the  king's  highway, 
And  made  a  path  over  the  corn." 

In  the  ballad  relating  Robin's  birth,  breeding, 
valour,  and  marriage,  mention  is  made  of  "  Tit- 
bury  town,"  which,  from  the  line  "  Where  the 
bagpipes  baited  the  bull,"  we  are  led  to  suppose  is 
a  clerical  error  for  "  Tutbury,"  the  place  cele- 
brated for  its  bull-ring ;  but  in  a  few  stanzas  fur- 
ther on  we  are  told  that  Sir  Roger,  the  parson  of 
Dubbridge,  brought  his  mass-book, — 

"  And  joyned  them  in  marriage  full  fast." 
Has  the  ballad-smithier  in  his  ignorance  changed 
Tetbury  in  Gloucestershire  into  Titbury,  and 
then  by  a  full  use  of  the  poet's  "license"  assured 
us  that  it  should  be  the  present  Tutbury  ?  Some 
seven  or  eight  miles  from  Tetbury,  there  is  a  vil- 
lage now  called  Dudbridge,  and  if  it  could  be 
proved  that  a  Sir  Roger  was  the  officiating  priest 
at  that  place  during  either  of  the  periods  Robin  is 
said  to  have  lived,  it  would  go  far  to  settle  which 
is  really  the  correct  one. 

Robin's  adventure  with  the  curtal  friar  in  "  fair 
Fountains'  dale  "  appears  to  be  commemorated  by 
the  fact  that  the  wood  overhanging  Fountains 
Abbey,  on  the  south  side  of  the  Skell,  is  still 
called  Robin  Hood's  Wood.  In  it,  towards  the 
south-west  end  of  the  abbey,  there  is  a  spring 
called  Robin's  Well ;  and  the  neighbourhood  around 
Ripon  comprehends  other  places  named  after  the 
popular  hero.  One  of  his  band  is  called  Will 
Stutly,  and  is  it  not  probable  that  he  was  a  native 
of  Studley,  who  joined  Robin  perhaps  at  the  very 
period  of  his  adventure  with  the  redoubtable 
friar?  A.  E.  W. 


294 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3"i  S.  V.  APRIL  9,  '64. 


•  ALABARCHES. 

In  Juvenal  (i.  130)  this  word,  in  the  line 
"Nescio  quis  titulos -ZEgyptius  atque Arabarches" 
is  translated  by  Dusaulx  chef  (?  Arabes,  and  he  is 
quite  at  a  loss  in  his  notes  to  furnish  a  plausible 
meaning.  But  there  is  no  doubt  that  the  word 
should  be  written  Aldbarches,  the  correction  given 
in  Cicero  (Ep.  ad  Attic,  lib.  ii.  ep.  17).  It  is  so 
found  in  Josephus  (Ant.  xviii.  7,  3,  xviii.  9,  1, 
xx.  6,  3),  in  Eusebius  (Eccl  Hist.  ii.  5),  and  in 
the  H  Epigram.  Palladas  Alexandrini"  (Brunck, 
Analect.  t.  ii.  p.  413,  n.  xxx).  There  is  no  ques- 
tion as  to  its  meaning  for  Philo  (In  Flaccum, 
p.  975,  or  528,  Mangey,)  uses  as  its  equivalent 
revdpxris,  chief  of  the  people ;  and  Hug  (Introd. 
New  Test.  §  149)  considers  it  as  equivalent  to 
n*6j  £>N"I.  Raish  Galvath,  prince  of  the  exiles. 
So  does  Raphall  (Hist.  Jews,  ii.  71),  but  he  is  un- 
able to  assign  any  etymology  for  the  word  aldbar- 
ches;  and  Milman  does  not  make  the  attempt. 
There  can  be  little  doubt  that  the  terminal  &pxns 
is  Greek,  and  the  initial,  instead  of  a\a§  would 
probably  have  been  in  the  same  language  had  it 
been  invented  by  the  Jews,  as  the  equivalent  for 
J"l  vJ,  galvath,  which  in  the  New  Testament  is  re- 
presented by  Siaffiropd  (1  Peter  i.  1 ;  John  vii. 
35),  and  means  the  community  of  Jews  settled  out 
of  Jerusalem,  either  in  Asia,  of  which  Babylon  was 
the  capital;  or  in  Greece,  of  which  Alexandria 
was  the  metropolis.  But  the  word  is  probably  of 
Greek  formation,  and  instead  of  being  frpxns  $ia~ 
<r7ropay,  or  Siaffiropdpx'ns,  the  Greeks  took,  I  con- 
ceive, the  Hebrew  term,  galvath,  ya\a§,  pronounced 
galav,  and  added  &pxv^  forming  Ta\a§dpxr)s.  The 
Greek  7  was  sounded  like  g  in  the  German  tage, 
lage,  whence  our  day,  lay,  approximately  to  the 
English  y.  Thus,  ya\a§dpxns  was,  I  consider, 
corrupted  into  a\a§dpxns  and  by  the  Romans  into 
arabarches  (Cod.  Justin.  1.  4,  tit.  61,  1.  9). 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 
Lichfield. 


JOSEPH  HUME. 

The  general  public  would  be  startled  at  finding 
this  staunch  patriot  enrolled  among  the  poets.  It 
seems  nevertheless  true  that  his  mind  was  at  one 
time,  at  least,  captivated  by  the  Muse,  for  there 
lies  before  me  the  — 

Inferno:  a  Translation  from  Dante    Alighieri    into 


It  was  long  before  I  could  believe  that  my 
book  was  really  written  by  the  politician,  but  on 
referring  to  a  Memoir  of  Mr.  Hume  in  the  Scottish 
Nation,  I  find  it  unhesitatingly  placed  to  his  ac- 
count. Considering  this,  therefore,  a  settled  point, 
I  \yould  ask  if  it  is  at  all  likely  that  at  a  later 
period  he  did  a  little  bit  of  satire  in  the  same 
vein? 


Is  he,  then,  or  is  he  not  the  author  of  a  thin 
12mo,  of  a  square  form,  entitled  The  Palace  that 

N h  Built :  a  Parody  on  an  Old  English  Poem. 

By  I.  Hume.  Neither  place,  date,  nor  printer  ; 
but  having,  as  will  be  seen  at  a  glance,  reference 
to  a  great  squander  of  money  upon  the  Pimlico 
palace  by  George  IV.  and  his  architect  Nash. 
The  verses  are  illustrative  of  nine  caricatures  de- 
scriptive of  the  palace,  and  smack  strongly  of  the 
calculating  propensities  of  the  member  for  Mon- 
trose. 

For  example:  Parliament,  it  might  seem,  had 
supplied  the  means  for  additions  to  the  building ; 
these  the  caricaturist  represents  under  demolition, 
the  poet  singing  their  dirge  :  — 
"  These  are  the  wings  which  by  estimates  round 
Are  said  to  have  cost  Forty-two  thousand  Pound, 
And  which  not  quite  according  with  Royalty's,  taste, 
Are  doom'd  to  come  down,  and  be  laid  into  waste." 

The  last  print  represents  an  over-wrought  and 
dilapidated  biped,  dragging  a  heavy  roller,  with 
these  concluding  lines  :  — 
"  This  is  the  man  whom  they  Johnny  Bull  call, 

And  who  very  reluctantly  pays  for  it  all. 

Who  from  his  youth  upwards  has  work'd  like  a  slave, 

But  the  devil  a  shilling  is  able  to  save ; 

For  such  millions  expended  in  mortar  and  stone, 

Have  drawn  corpulent  John  down  to  bare  skin  and 
bone ; 

And,  what  is  still  worse,  'tween  Greeks,  Turks,  and 
Russians, 

He'll  soon  be  at  war  with  French,  Austrians,  and  Prus- 
sians. 

But  he's  kindly  permitted  to  grumble  and  gaze, 

Say  and  thiuk  what  he  will,  provided  he  pays." 

But  I  can  hardly  put  my  question  seriously,  for 
it  seems  the  squib  of  some  wag,  who  probably 
founded  his  new  version  of  an  old  ditty  upon  a 
grumbling  speech  of  the  senator,  and  here  holds 
him  responsible  for  its  paraphrase  in  verse. 

A.  G. 


APPLICATION  OF  GUSTAVUS  ADOLPHUS  TO 
CHARLES  I.  OX  BEHALF  OF  PATRICK  RUTH- 
VEN. 

When  I  first  heard  that  a  translation  of  a  letter 
addressed  by  Gustavus  Adolphus  to  Charles  I.  on 
behalf  of  Patrick  Ruthven  (the  same  which  is 
printed  in  your  2nd  S.  ii.  101),  had  been  found 
among  the  State  Papers,  I  concluded  that  it  could 
not  have  relation  to  the  Patrick  Ruthven  so  long 
a  prisoner  in  the  Tower,  but  to  the  other  Patrick 
Ruthven,  who  served  for  many  years  under  Gus- 
tavus Adolphus ;  the  same  person  who  afterwart 
transferred  his  military  services  to  Charles  I.,  am 
was  rewarded  with  the  earldoms  of  Forth  am 
Brentford.     But  when  I  saw  the  paper  itself,  am 
found  that  it  made  mention  of  Patrick  Ruthven'i 
"  hereditary  honours,"  of  the  "  splendour  of  his 
ancient  house,"  the  "  place  and  dignity  of  his  an- 
cestors," and  offered  the  thanks  of  his   "whole 


3rd  s.  V.  APRIL  9,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


295 


family"  for  munificence  to  be  bestowed  upon 
them,  and  when  I  also  found  that  by  a  contem- 
porary endorsement  the  letter  was  construed  to 
be  an  application  that  Patrick  Ruthven  "  might 
enjoy  the  former  honours  and  dignity  of  his  pre- 
decessors ; "  and,  finally,  in  addition  to  all  this, 
when  I  found  that  Mead,  the  news-letter  writer, 
mentioned  a  previous  letter  of  Gustavus  Adol- 
phus  in  1625,  as  an  application  that  "  Mr.  Ruth- 
ven," writing  of  him  as  if  he  were  some  person 
well  known  in  London,  "  might  be  restored  to  the 
honours  of  his  predecessors,"  I  concluded  that, 
strange  as  it  seemed  for  the  great  Swedish  hero 
thus  to  interfere,  his  interference  really  was  —  as 
it  had  already  been  concluded  to  be  by  Colonel 
Co  well  Stepney  —  on  behalf  of  Patrick  Ruthven, 
son  of  the  third  Earl  of  Gowrie.  I  was  the  more 
especially  led  to  this  conclusion  by  the  circum- 
stance that  the  passages  from  the  letter  which  I 
have  quoted  above,  whilst  they  fitted  in  most 
peculiarly  with  the  position  and  connexions  of  the 
last  mentioned  Patrick  Ruthven,  did  not  seem 
applicable  to  what  is  to  be  found  in  English  his- 
torical books  respecting  the  other  Patrick.  Under 
these  circumstances  I  appealed  to  your  correspon- 
dents to  refer  me  if  possible  to  the  other  letter  of 
Gustavus  Adolphus  mentioned  by  Mead. 

Writing  lately  in  "  N.  &  Q."  in  reference  to 
the  letter  of  your  correspondent  J.  M.  (3rd  S.  v. 
270),  I  avowed  that  this  was  my  opinion,  and  in- 
vited J.  M.,  if  he  thought  he  had  any  reason  to 
find  fault  with  my  conclusion,  to  communicate 
any  facts  upon  the  subject  to  your  pages. 

J.  M.  has  not  yet  replied  to  my  invitation,  but 
I  have  now  to  announce  to  you  that  a  recent 
discovery  of  another  letter  of  Gustavus  Adol- 
phus —  probably  that  referred  to  by  Mead  —  has 
convinced  me  that  in  this  instance  second  thoughts 
were  not  best,  and  that  the  application  of  Gusta- 
vus Adolphus  was  made,  not  on  behalf  of  Patrick 
Ruthven,  the  prisoner  in  the  Tower,  and  the 
father  of  Lady  Vandyke,  but,  as  J.  M.  supposed, 
on  that  of  the  soldier  of  Gustavus  Adolphus, 
and  the  subsequent  Earl  of  Forth  and  Brent- 
ford. 

The  new  evidence  which  has  occasioned  this 
change  in  my  opinion,  has  turned  up,  since  I  last 
wrote  to  you,  among  the  MSS.  of  the  Marquis  of 
Bath,  and  by  his  permission  I  am  enabled  to  lay 
it  before  your  readers.  It  is  an  original  letter 
signed  by  Gustavus  Adolphus,  and  has  been  fur- 
ther authenticated  by  an  impression  of  his  seal.  It 
reads  as  follows  :  — 

"  GUSTAVUS  ADOLPHUS  TO  CHARLES  I. 
"Nos  Gustavus  Adolphus,  Dei  Gratia  Suecorum,  Go- 
thorum,  Vandalorumqs  Rex,  Magnus  Princeps  Finlan- 
lise,  Dux  Estonia?  Careliaeqs,  nee  non  Ingrise  Dominus, 
Serenissimo  et  Potentissimo  Principi  ac  Diio  Domino 
Carolo,  Magnse  Britanniac,  Franciae  ac  Hyberniaj  Regi, 
Fidei  defenf-ori,  Fratri,  Consanguineo  et  Araico  nostro 
charissimo,  Salutem  ct  felicitatem. 


Serenissime  Potentissimeq}  Princeps,  Frater,  Consan- 
e  _et  Amice  charissime.  Postquam  intelleximus 
V»  non  adeo  offensam  esse  families  Rithuanianse, 
gitur  minime  supersedendum  duximus,  pro  sincere  nobis 
dilecto  Chyliarcha  nostro  Nobili  Patrico  Rithuen  apud 
Ser'tem  V'ram  intercedere:  Et  quamvis  nunquam  ani- 
mum  induximus  ea  refricare  quae  forsan  Ser'tis  v'rse  statui 
adversari  autlmmantur ;  tamen  cum  Chyliarcha  noster  a 
multis  annis  iam  nobis  fideliter  servierit,  et  per  omnes 
militia  gradus  ititando  ita  se  gesserit,  prout  virum  nobi- 
em  et  mauortem  decet :  non  potuimus  non  intermittere, 
quin  Ser'tem  v'ram  amice  poscamus,  si  ita  Ser'tis  v'rse 
gratia  patiatur  ultro,  ut  in  nostri  gratiam  prsenominatum 
Rethuin  et  bonis  avitis  et  honori  restituat,  sua  demen- 
tia eundem  amplexetur.  Id  si  supplicans  assequutus 
iuerit,  Decs  sibi  nunquam  magis  fuisse  propitios  gloria- 
bitur.  Hisce  Ser.  V'ram  Deo  Optimo  maximo  animitus 
commendamus.  Dabantur  e  Regia  nostra  Stockholmensi 
die  xxivta  Mensis  Junij  Anno  M°  DC0  xxv°. 

"  S.  V.  bonus  frater  et  consanguineus, 

"GusxAvus  ADOLPHUS. 
j"  Addressed.] 

"  Serenissimo  et  Potentissimo  Principi  ac 
Dno  Domino  Carolo  Magnae  Britanniae 
Franciae  ac  Hyberniae  Regi,  Fidei  Defen- 
sori,  Fratri,  Consanguineo  et  Amico 
nostro  Charissimo." 

I  presume  it  will  not  be  contended  that  this 
letter  can  apply  to  any  one  but  to  the  Colonel 
Ruthven,  who  was  knighted  by  Gustavus  Adol- 
phus, with  four  of  his  companions  in  arms,  on 
September  23, 1627,  on  the  occasion  of  the  receipt 
by  Gustavus  of  the  emblems  of  the  Order  of  the 
Garter  (Walkley,  p.  122). 

This  new  "  find  "  compels  me  to  withdraw  that 
portion  of  my  letter  (3rd  S.  v.  270)  which  relates 
to  the  application  of  Gustavus  Adolphus,  and  to 
confine  it  to  the  Lord  Ruthven  of  the  'Ladies' 
Cabinet.  If  J.  M.  can  show  that  that '"right 
honorable  and  learned  chymist"  was  any  other 
person  than  Patrick  Ruthven,  son  of  the  third 
Earl  of  Gowrie,  I  shall  be  very  much  obliged  to 
him  if  he  will  communicate  the  facts,  with  proper 
references  to  authorities,  to  your  pages.  The 
subject  of  these  Patrick  Ruthvens  has  evidently 
a  Scottish,  as  well  as  an  English  side,  and  truth 
will  gain  by  bringing  together  the  results  of  in- 
quiries made  on  both  sides  of  the  Tweed. 

JOHN  BRUCE. 

HENRY  DENNIS. — On  a  monument  in  the  north 
aisle  of  Pucklechurch  church,  co.  Gloucester,  is 
this  inscription  :  — 

"  In  Memoriam  Johanis  (sic)  Dennis  Armigeri,  pri- 
mogeniti  et  heredis  Henrici  Dennis  Armigeri,  qui  26  die 
Junij,  Anno  Domini  1638,  ex  hac  vita  decessit,  postquam 
ex  uxore  sua  Margareta,  Dni  Georgij  Speake,  de  Whight- 
ackington  in  comitatu  Somerset.  Equitis  Balnei,  e  filia- 
bus  una,  duos  accepit  filios,  JohannenV  scilicet  et  Hen- 
ricum  :  E  quibus  Johannes  Dennis  de  Pucklechurch  (alias 
Pulcherchurch)  in  com.  Glocestriai  Arm.  duxit  Mariam, 
Nathanielis  Still,  de  Hutton  in  Comitatu  Somerset.  Arm. 
filiarum  et  coheredum  unam ;  ex  qua  tres  accepit  h'lios 
et  filiam  unam,  viz.  Henricum,  Johannem,  Gulielmum,  et 
Margaretam. 

«'  Hoc  quod  est  pulchri  Templum  est  pulchrius." 


296 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3^  s.  V.  APRIL  9,  '64. 


This  inscription  has  led  Rudder,  Sir  Robert 
Atkyns,  and  others,  into  numerous  errors ;  thereby 
causing  a  generation,  which  never  existed,  to  be 
inserted  in  the  Dennis  pedigree. 

The  Pucklechurch  register  of  burials  states, 
that  "  John  Dennis,  Esq.  (father  of  Henry),  was 
buried  7th  August,  1609;"  and  "  Henry  Dennis, 
Esq.,  was  buried  26th  of  June,  1638."  This  proves 
beyond  a  doubt,  that  the  inscription  is  not  in 
memory  of  John,  but  of  Henry,  and  should  read 
thus :  — 

"  In  Memoriam  Henrici  Dennis  Armigeri,  primogeniti 
et  heredis  Johannis  Dennis,"  &c. 

It  is  also  noticeable  that  the  day  of  death  is 
given  June  26 :  so  that  if  the  monument  is  not 
incorrect  in  this,  Henry  Dennis  was  buried  on  the 
day  on  which  he  died.  SAMUEL  TUCKER. 

East  Temple  Chambers,  Whitefriars  Street,  E.G. 

CORPSE  :  DEFEND. — Dr.  Trench  remarks  in  his 
Select  Glossary,  that,  whereas  the  word  corpse  was 
once  used  in  speaking  of  the  body  of  a  living 
man,  it  is  now  only  employed  to  denote  a  body 
which  has  been  abandoned  by  the  spirit  of  life. 
I  find  that  Thackeray  held  the  word  to  be  of  the 
same  value  as  did  Surrey,  Spenser,  and  Ben  Jon- 
son,  as  he  tell  us  in  the  Four  Georges,  103,  that 
one  of  his  heroes  was  found  " a  lifeless  corpse" 
which  he  certainly  would  not  have  done  had  he 
looked  only  with  modern  eyes  upon  corpse,  and  so 
seen  in  it  an  equivalent  of  cadaver. 

The  old  meaning  of  defend  (forbid)  still  sur- 
vives in  Nottinghamshire.  A  few  years  ago  I 
heard  a  governess  say  to  a  round-backed  pupil, 
"  I  defend  you  from  sitting  in  easy  chairs." 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

THOMAS  NUGENT,  ESQ.,  ETC. — Many  British 
subjects  have,  at  various  times,  been  honoured 
with  titles  of  nobility  and  other  dignities  by 
foreign  sovereigns;  yet,  with  the  exception  of 
such  of  them  of  the  present  day  who  are  noticed 
in  Burke's  Peerage,  there  is  no  work  in  which 
they  are  recorded.  The  contributors  to  "N.  &  Q." 
would  perhaps  give,  in  its  useful  columns,  such 
instances  as  they  may  from  time  to  time  meet 
with  ;  and  thus,  a  complete  list  may  be  eventually 
obtained.  The  subjoined  are  offered  as  a  com- 
mencement :  — 

Thomas  Nugent,  Esq.,  Major-General  in  the 
service  of  King  Charles  II.  of  Spain,  was  by  that 
monarch  created  Count  de  Valdesoto,  and  killed 
when  deputy-governor  of  Gibraltar.  He  married 
Margaret,  eldest  daughter  of  Hugh  Parker  (who 
died  in  1712,  aged  thirty-nine),  eldest  son  of  Sir 
Hyde  Parker,  Bart. ;  and  by  that  lady,  who  was 
cousin  to  the  distinguished  Admiral  Sir  Hyde 
Parker,  had  one  son,  Edw.  H.  Nugent,  Count  de 
Valdesoto. 

Austin  Park  Goddard,  Esq.,  was  a  Knight  of 
the  Military  Order  of  St.  Stephen  in  Tuscany, 


and  married  Anne,  second  daughter  of  the  above- 
named  Hugh  Parker  ;  by  whom  he  had  one  daugh- 
ter, Sophia,  the  wife  of  William  Mervyn  Dillon, 
Esq. 

The  Chevalier  Laval  Nugent,  who  died  at  his 
"  Schloss,"  near  Fiume,  in  Aug.  1862,  was  a  Count 
of  the  Holy  Roman  Empire,  Chamberlain  of  the 
Empire,  Freiherr  in  Croatia,  and  Knight  of  nearly 
all  the  European  Orders  :  the  bare  enumeration 
of  whose  dignities  would  require  an  octavo  page. 

Eix>c.  . 

BURIAL  OFFERINGS.  —  The  following  cutting, 
from  the  Chester  Courantof  Sept.  26, 1863,  relates 
to  a  custom  which  is,  I  imagine,  merely  a  local 
one  at  present :  — 

"  Larceny  of  Burial  Offerings  at  Denbigh.  —  Yesterday 
week  Evan  Davies,  an  aged  person,  was  charged  at  the 
Denbigh  Police  Court  with  having  stolen  3s.  from  the 
communion  table  of  the  parish  church,  on  Thursday  the 
17th  inst.,  such  money  being  the  offertory  made  upon  the 
burial  of  a  deceased  parishioner.  Suspicions  having  been 
entertained  of  such  moneys  being  abstracted,  the  rector 
of  the  parish,  the  Rev.  Lewis  Lewis,  on  this  occasion 
placed  himself  in  a  position,  unnoticed  by  the  congrega* 
tion,  to  watch.  It  was  the  curate,  the  Rev.  Thomas 
Thomas,  who  officiated ;  and  after  the  funeral  procession 
had  quitted  the  church,  the  prisoner  came  inside,  and 
called  out  the  name  of  the  sexton,  Price,  thrice.  Finding 
that  there  was  no  answer,  he  deliberately  walked  up  to 
the  communion  table,  and  helped  himself  out  of  the  con- 
tributions at  both  ends  of  the  table.  Then  he  decamped, 
but  was  quickly  brought  back  by  the  rector.  Upon 
being  accused  of  the  theft  he  immediately  admitted  it, 
and  prayed  for  forgiveness.  The  prisoner  pleaded  guilty, 
and  was  sentenced  to  three  months'  imprisonmeDt." 

I  should  be  glad  if  any  reader  of  "N.  &  Q." 
would  inform  us  whether  this  custom  of  burial 
offerings  exists  elsewhere  at  the  present  day.  F. 

FUNERAL  OFFERINGS.  —  The  notes  on  loaves 
at  funerals  which  have  lately  ^  appeared  in  your 
columns  bring  to  my  recollection  an  old  custom 
that  exists  in  some  parts  of  Wales  (and  elsewhere, 
for  aught  I  know).  In  many  parishes  the  parson 
receives  no  burial  fee,  but  when  any  one  dies  his 
friends  and  neighbours,  as  many  as  attend  the  fune- 
ral, lay  their  voluntary  offerings  on  the  communion- 
table for  the  clergyman.  These  being  regularly 
inserted  in  the  registers,  form  some  guide  to  the 
esteem  in  which  persons  were  held  by  their  neigh- 
aours;  for  instance,  no  less  than  nineteen  shil- 
ings  and  sixpence  was  contributed  at  the  funeral 
of  Mrs.  Mary  Hughes,  who  died  at  Aber,  1741 ; 
and  the  rector  of  that  place  assured  me  that  he 
once  carried  off  eighty-five  sixpenny-pieces  from 
such  an  occasion.  On  the  other  hand,  Martha 
Tones  of  the  same  place  was  probably  little  cared 
for  by  her  neighbours,  for  a  solitary  penny  was 
all  the  parson  received  for  his  "  heavy  task." 

In  connection  with  Aber,  1  may  mention  that  it 
s  one  of  those  secluded  spots  into  which  the  Ge- 
nevan custom  of  the  parson's  changing  his  dress 


3'd  S.  V.  APRIL  9,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


297 


in  the  middle  of  the  service  has  never  reached,  for 
that  indisputable  authority  "the  oldest  inhabi- 
tant "  cannot  remember  a  gown  in  church. 

Jos.  HARGROVE. 
Clare  Coll.  Camb. 


"ABEL,"   ORATORIO  OF. — Can  J.  R.,   or  any 

other  musical  antiquary,  say  who  wrote  the  words 
of  Abel,  an  oratorio  ;  to  which  Dr.  Arne  composed 
the  music  ?  M.  C. 

GEORGE  AUGUSTUS  ADDERLEY. —  Will  any  of 
your  readers  who  have  access  to  old  army  lists 
inform  me  of  the  rank  and  regiment  of  George 
Augustus  Adderley  :  in  1792,  he  is  supposed  to 
have  been  major.  Is  this  the  case  ?  If  so,  what 
regiment?  and  when  did  he  quit  the  army,  and 
what  was  his  rank  then  ?  He  was  son-in-law  to 
the  last  Earl  of  Buckinghamshire.  T.  F. 

"  AUREA  VINCENTI,"  ETC. — On  a  stone  formerly 
over  the  fireplace  in  one  of  the  chambers  at  Ham 
Castle,  Worcestershire,  is  the  following  inscrip- 
tion :  — 

"  Aurea  vincenti  detur  mercede  corona ; 
Cantat  et  aeterno  carmina  digna  Deo," 
together  with  the  arms  of  Jefferey  —  3  scaling 
ladders.     The  stone  is  now  preserved  in  the  hall 
of  that  place.     Can  any  of  your  correspondents 
explain  from,  whence  such  an  inscription  is  de- 
rived? THOS.  E.   WlNNINGTON. 

ANEROIDS. — I  have  two  aneroids ;  their  move- 
ments are  identical.  My  position  is  nearly  800 
feet  above  the  level  of  the  sea ;  and  yesterday, 
for  instance,  I  registered  28 '90  by  both,  which, 
according  to  the  usual  rough  calculation  would 
represent  29'70  at  the  level.  I  find,  however,  by 
The  Times  report,  that  the  barometer,  corrected, 
showed  30'13  at  Liverpool  on  the  same  date,  and 
about  the  same  time.  A  few  hints  to  a  tyro  in 
meteorology  on  the  subject  of  this  correction 
would  oblige.  I  should  add  that  I  am  not  fifty 
miles  from  Liverpool.  L  M 

March  17, 1864. 

THE  BALLOT. — I  have  read,  I  cannot  remember 
where,  that  Burke,  speaking  of  the  Ballot,  said, 
"  Putting  three  blue  beans  into  a  blue  bag  will 
not  purify  the  constitution."  I  cannot  find  the 
uncouth  expression  in  any  of  his  speeches  on 
constitutional  questions,  but  shall  be  obliged  by 
being  told  whether  it  is  his  or  some  other  writer's. 

C.  P. 

BEECH-DROPPINGS  (Epiphegus  Virginiana.)  — 
Can  any  medical  man  give  any  information  re- 
specting the  medicinal  properties  of  this  curious 
parasite  ?  It  grows  as  a  parasite  on  the  roots  of 
beech  trees  in  Canada. 


I  find  the  following  description  of  the  plant  in 
the  December  (1863)  number  of  The  British 
American  Magazine,  published  at  Toronto,  Canada 
West:  — 

"  Here,  in  this  wood,  is  an  odd  looking  plant :  a  naked 
and  slender  thing,  with  stems  which  are  never  covered 
with  leaves,  but  bear  nothing  more  than  small  scales  in 
their  stead.  It  is  called  '  beech-drops  '  (Epiphegus  Vir- 
giniana),  and  grows  as  a  parasite  on  the  roots  of  beech 
trees.  In  October  the  plant  is  full  of  life  and  vigour :  the 
stems,  which  have  been  hard  and  brittle  the  summer 
through,  are  now  tender  and  succulent,  and  shoot  out 
many  branches.  The  flowering  season  is  scarcely  over ; 
but  the  flowers  being  small,  are  not  readily  found.  It 
bears  the  reputation  of  possessing  medicinal  virtues." 

So  far  for  this  quotation,  which  creates  curiosity 
without  satisfying  it  in  the  smallest  degree. 

Now  I  happen  to  know  some  of  the  virtues  of 
this  valuable  plant.  It  is  used  by  the  Indians  for 
curing  hemorrhoids.  An  acquaintance  of  mine  in 
this  town,  who  suffered  terribly  for  months  with 
this  most  weakening  disease,  for  which  he  could 
find  no  relief  from  the  medical  men  of  the  town, 
was  entirely  cured  by  a  farmer's  son  with  this 
plant — the  use  of  which  he  learned  from  the  In- 
dians. As  I  understood  him,  he  boiled  about  a 
handful  of  the  stems  in  milk,  and  drank  a  small 
quantity  two  or  three  times  a-day.  The  cure 
was  effected  in  two  or  three  days  ;  and  years  have 
passed  since  without  any  return  of  the  disease.  A 
medicine  of  such  power  may,  no  doubt,  be  useful 
in  other  cases  of  congestion.  I  trust,  through  the 
medium  of  "  !N".  &  Q.,"  this  note  will  attract  the 
attention  of  some  medical  men  in  England.  I 
shall  be  only  too  happy  to  afford  any  further  in- 
formation on  this  subje'ct,  either  through  the  post 
or  "  N.  &  Q."  J.  W.  DUNBAR  MOODIE. 

Belleville,  Canada  West. 

"  THE  CHURCH  OF  OUR  FATHERS." — Who  was 
the  author  of  two  verses  of  poetry  that  appeared 
some  twenty  years  since  in  a  Portsmouth  paper, 
and  said  to  be  written  at  that  time  by  a  distin- 
guished member  of  the  House  of  Commons.  It 
is  entitled,  "  The  Church  of  our  Fathers,"  and 
commences  thus  — 
"  Half  screened  by  its  trees  in  the  Sabbath's  calm  smile, 

The  Church  of  our  fathers,  how  meekly  it  stands."  * 

Who  was  the  author  of  the  following,  and  how 
many  verses  does  it  consist  of.  Where  can  it  be 
seen  ?  — 

"THE  CHURCH. 

"  Oh !  doth  it  not  gladden  an  Englishman's  eyes, 
To  see  the  old  tower  o'er  the  elm  trees  rise  ?  " 

A  CHURCHMAN. 

LIEUT.  COL.  COTTERELL  was,  in  1648,  governor 
of  Pontefract  for  the  Parliament.  He  was  subse- 

[*  "  The  Church  of  our  Fathers  "  appeared  in  a  peri- 
odical entitled  The  Churchman,  i.  94,  12mo,  1835,  where 
it  is  signed  R.  S.,  and  was  copied  into  The  Church  of 
England  Magazine,  iv.  32. — ED.] 


298 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3*d  S.  V.  APRIL  9,  '64. 


quently  employed  on  military  service  in  Scotland, 
and  seems  to  have  been  in  that  kingdom  in  1657 
(Clarendon;  Boothroyd's  Pontefract,  248,  261- 
263,  267  ;  Drake  s  Sieges  of  Pontefract,  84—90  ; 
Commons'  Journals,  iii.  497 ;  Whitelocke,  527, 561, 
582 ;  Baillie's  Letters  and  Journals,  iii.  225 ; 
Nickolls's  Slate  Papers,  130).  In  no  instance  do 
I  find  his  Christian  name  specified.  I  shall  be 
thankful  to  any  correspondent  who  can  supply  it, 
or  furnish  any  other  information  about  him. 

S.  Y.  R. 

"  FEAST  or  THE  DESPOTS." — In  what  volume 
or  collection  of  recitations  may  this  piece  be 
found  ?  It  commences  — 

"  There  were  three  monarchs fierce  and  strong." 

W.  B. 

THE  GREAT  ITALIAN  POET. — 

"  The  great  Italian  poet  who  described  Cimabue's 
glory  as  eclipsed  by  Giotto,  and  Giotto's  by  Guido,  and 
said  that  another  and  greater  Guido  would  arise,  has  been 
called  a  prophet  by  those  who  wish  to  flatter  succeeding 
painters,  and  Carlo  Dolce  and  Barrocchio  have  been  com- 
plimented as  second  Guidos.  Mere  poetry  has  been 
turned  into  prophecy,  as  the  southern  cross  of  Dante,  and 
the  discovery  of  America  of  Seneca." — Thoughts  on  Pro- 
phecy and  Foreknowledge.  London,  1736. 

"  The  great  Italian  poet  "  usually  means  Dante, 
but  he  could  not  have  seen  Guido's  pictures.  I 
shall  be  glad  to  have  the  passage  pointed  out  to 
me,  and  also  that  in  Seneca.  C.  P. 

"  THE  HOUSE  THAT  JACK  BUILT." — Who  was 
the  author  of  this  "  Nursery  Rhyme,"  and  if  it 
was,  as  has  been  said,  a  political  squib,  to  what 
circumstances  does  it  refer  ?  J.  C.  H. 

THOMAS  MORE  MOLYNEUX.  —  There  was  pub- 
lished at  London,  8vo,  1759,  "  Conjunct  Expedi- 
tions; or,  Expeditions  that  have  been  carried  on 
jointly  by  the  Fleet  and  Army,  with  a  Commentary 
on  a  Littoral  War.  By  Thomas  More  Molyneux, 
Esq."  The  work  is  not  mentioned  by  Lowndes  or 
Watt.  The  author  was  second  son  of  Sir  More 
Molyneux,  Knt.,  by  Cassandra,  daughter  of  Tho- 
mas Cornwallis,  Esq.  He  represented  Haslemere 
from  1759  till  his  death,  Oct.  3,  1776,  jet.  fifty- 
three,  and  was  a  colonel  in  the  army. 

In  Brayley  &  Britton's  History  of  Surrey  (i. 
415),  he  is  called  Sir  Thomas  More  Molyneux, 
but  in  the  pedigree  (418)  the  prefix  of  Sir  does 
not  occur. 

Was  he  knighted,  and  if  so,  when  ?     S.  Y.  R. 

MASSACHUSETTS  STONE. — Where  can  I  find  a 
description  of  the  Massachusetts  stone  in  the 
United  States,  which  I  am  informed  has  ancient 
Runic  characters  inscribed  upon  it  ?  Have  any 
attempts  been  made  to  read  the  characters  or 
hieroglyphics  on  the  ruined  temples  in  Central 
America  and  Peru,  and  what  has  been  the  result  ? 

H.  C. 


NORTHAMPTONSHIRE  INHABITANTS  OF  CELTIC 
EXTRACTION. — Ten  or  twelve  years  ago  or  more, 
there  appeared  in  The  Times  newspaper  a  para- 
graph stating  that  the  native  inhabitants  of  the 
midland  parts  of  the  county  of  Northampton  were 
generally  dark-haired,  and  were  supposed  to  be 
of  ancient  British  origin.  The  subject  being  one 
of  considerable  importance  in  a  physiognomical 
and  ethnological  point  of  view,  I  shall  feel  greatly 
obliged  to  any  gentleman  who  will  furnish  me 
with  a  transcript  of  the  paragraph  in  question,  or 
the  date  of  the  paper  in  which  it  appeared,  and 
any  information  corroborative  of  such  statement. 

A.  M. 

PIT  AND  GALLOWS.  —  When  was  the  last  in- 
stance of  the  punishment  of  death  being  inflicted 
by  the  baron  in  Scotland  under  powers  of  "  pit 
and  gallows"  before  hereditary  jurisdictions  were 
abolished  in  1748  ?  J.  D. 

TIMOTHY  PLAIN. — In  the  Scots'  Chronicle,  1797 
to  1800,  inclusive,  are  a  series  of  letters  upon 
Edinburgh  Theatricals,  by  Timothy  Plain ;  col- 
lected and  re-printed  at  Edinburgh,  1800,  8vo. 

Geo.  Chalmers  says  it  was  the  nom  de  plume  of 
a  writer  to  the  signet ;  perhaps  some  correspon- 
dent can  name  him.  A.  G. 

REV.  WILLIAM  ROMAINE,  M.  A.,  married  to  Miss 
Price  in  1755  (GenCs  Mag.,  1795,  p.  764).  Can 
any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  state,  and  will  oblige  by 
stating,  the  Christian  name  of  Miss  Price ;  and 
giving  some  account  of  her  parents  or  family,  or 
some  reference  where  to  find  any  such  account  of 
her  ?  *  GLWYSIG. 

ROMANO-BRITISH  MONEY.  — •  In  Mr.  Henry 
Brandreth's  Observations  on  the  Anglo-Saxon 
Stycas,  I  find  the  following  passage  :  — 

"  Among  the  coins  mentioned  by  Batteley  as  having 
been  found  at  Reculver,  and  called  by  him  nummi  minu- 
tissimi,  are  some  which  weigh  no  more  than  the  twentieth 
part  of  a  Roman  drachm.  They  bear  the  heads  of  Ro- 
man emperors,  and  are  made  of  a  mixed  metal,  which 
has  been  found  at  Reculver  in  considerable  quantities ; 
they  bear  no  legend,  and  were  most  likely  struck  by  the 
Britons  and  perhaps  by  the  earlier  Saxons,  in  imitation 
of  the  Roman  money." 

I  will  ask  such  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
who  are  acquainted  with  these  moneys,  what  em- 
perors' heads  appear  upon  them  ? 

Perhaps  the  whole  passage  after  all  is  only  a 
careless  assertion.  Something  of  the  same  kind 
has  appeared  in  print,  touching  the  late  Roman 
discovery  in  Gloucestershire.  C. 

CHEYNE  ROWE,  ESQ.,  AN  AUTHOR. — I  find  in 
the  will  of  this  gentleman  (dated  Higham  Hill,  co. 
Essex,  August  10,  1699),  mention  made  of  certain 

[*  Mrs.  Romaine  died  in  Upper  King  Street,  Blooms- 
bury,  Oct.  4,  1801.  See  Gent.  Mag.  of  that  month, 
p.  965.— ED.] 


3rd  s.  V.  APRIL  9,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


299 


books,  viz.,  Fire  upon  the  Altar^  and  a  volume  of 
poems  entitled  Ourania.  At  the  time  of  the  tes- 
tator's death,  these  books  were  apparently  in  the 
printer's  hands,  and  are  spoken  of  as  being  "  in 
sheets."  I  should  be  glad  to  know  whether  they 
were  ever  published,  and  if  the  author's  name 
was  attached  to  them.  There  can  be  no  doubt 
from  the  terms  of  the  will  that  Cheyne  Rowe  was 
himself  the  author,  though  it  may  seem  somewhat 
strange  to  find  in  such  a  quarter  undoubted  proof 
of  the  fact.  Cheyne  Rowe  was  third  son  of  Sir 
William  Rowe  of  Higham,  and  grandson  of  Wil- 
liam Rowe,  by  Anne,  daughter  of  John  Cheyne  of 
Chesham,  co.  Bucks.  C.  J.  R. 

STUM  ROD  — 

"  Like  an  ass,  he  [a  scholar]  wears  out  his  time  for 
provender,  and  can  shew  a  stum  rod,  togam  tritam  et  lace- 
ram,  saith  Haedus,  an  old  torn  gown,  an  ensign  of  his  feli- 
city."—Burton,  Anat.  Mel.  1,  2,  3,  15. 

What  is  this  ?  J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

DR.  JONATHAN  WAGSTAFFE.  —  In  the  Gentle- 
man's Magazine  for  February,  1739,  there  is  a 
paper  dedicated  to  the  Lord  Oen  in  Ireland,  the 
object  of  which  is  to  demonstrate  that  the  rela- 
tions in  Mr.  Gulliver's  voyages  are  no  fictions. 
The  writer  signs  himself  Jonathan  Wagstaffe, 
M.D.  Who  was  this  Dr.  Wagstaffe  ?  He  dates 
from  the  Inner  Temple,  and  he  speaks  of  himself 
as  being  a  member  of  the  University  of  Oxford. 
But  the  internal  evidence  leaves  little  doubt  on 
my  mind  that  Dean  Swift  was  himself  the  writer 
of  the  paper.  Was  Dr.  Jonathan  Wagstaffe  re- 
lated to  the  undoubted  Dr.  William  Wagstaffe, 
whose  name  appears  in  the  List  of  the  College  of 
Physicians  ?  Or  was  he  the  representative  of  the 
more  mysterious  Dr.  William  Wagstaffe,  whose 
personal  identity  has  been  discussed  in  your 
columns?  (3rd  S.  i.  381.)  Perhaps  your  corre- 
spondent D.  S.  A.  could  throw  some  light  upon 
this  point.  MELETES. 


FONT  AT  CHELMORTON. — Can  you  inform  me 
of  the  meaning  of  an  inscription  on  an  ancient 
octagon  font  in  an  old  church  at  Chelmorton,  co. 
Derby,  said  to  be  the  highest  site  of  any  in  Eng- 
land. The  church  was  built  in  the  twelfth  cen- 
tury, and  on  the  eight  sides  of  the  font,  \n  old 
English,  are  the  following  letters,  preceded  by  a 
kind  of  cross,  query  a  T.  Nos.  1  and  3  are  some- 
what alike,  but  in  the  first  the  upright  is  longer, 
and  the  cross-bar  much  lower  : 

•V   0    t    j*   cfc    3    I    m. 

W.  H.  E. 

t\Ve  should  have  much  preferred  a  rubbing.  Thanking 
our  Correspondent,  however,  for  such  particulars  as  he 
has  been  able  to  supply,  we  offer  a  conjectural  interpre- 
tation ;  subject  of  course  to  such  amendments  as  may  be 


suggested  to  competent  judges,  by  actual  inspection  and 
examination  of  the  font  itself. 

This  being  an  "  all  round  "  inscription,  we  are  disposed 
to  take  the  second  t,  barred  higher  than  the  first,  as  an 
initial  and  terminal  cross ;  that  is,  as  one  which  marks 
the  beginning  of  the  inscription,  and  its  end  at  the  same 
time.  The  inscription  will  then  stand  thus :  — 

**6*lmt0  + 

Here  we  think  it  may  be  fairly  conjectured  that  the 
five  consecutive  letters  — 

rf    I    m    t    a 

are  the  framework,  or  skeleton,  of 
CheZmorfon, 

which  is  the  name  of  the  Chapelry.  The  r,  as  often  in 
old  inscriptions,  may  have  been  omitted.  Or  it  may 
have  been  represented  by  a  nourish  over  the  m  (»k), 
overlooked  by  the  copyist,  perhaps  obliterated  by  time. 

How  s  should  hold  the  place  of  the  initial  Ch  of  Chel- 
morton, may  perhaps  be  explained  on  the  supposition  of 
diversities  in  spelling,  such  as  commonly  occur  in  the 
old  names  of  places.  Or  Sel-,  by  use,  may  have  hardened 
into  Chel: 

Granting  slmto  (or  slmto)  to  be  Chelmorton,  the  rest 
is  easy.  Let  it  be  only  borne  in  mind  that  Chelmorton  is 
a  Chapelry  of  Bakewell  (in  Domesday  book  Badeqvella), 
and  the  whole  inscription  may  be  read  thus :  — 

£|  *&  I  tf&ttfi  |  + 

-Sfacellum  |  2?cclesie  de  Badeqvella  |  Chelmorton  \  + . 

That  is,  «  Chapelry  of  the  Church  of  Bakewell,  Chel- 
morton. +  " 

Should  it  be  objected  that  Chelmorton,  according  to 
Pilkington,  was  formerly  Chelmerrfon,  which  puts  our  t 
out  of  court,  it  may  be  sufficient  to  reply  that,  though 
-morton  may  at  some  former  period  have  been  -merdon, 
yet  still  -morton  also  may  have  been  an  old  spelling. 
Thus  another  place  in  Derbyshire,  now  called  Morton,  in 
Domesday  Book  is  MORTVNE,  not  Mordune  or  Mordon ; 
so  that  the  t  may  be  fairly  permitted  to  do  duty,  as  a 
constituent  part  of  Chelmorton.] 

GRAMMAR  OF  THE  GAY  SCIENCE.  —  The  con- 
ventional jargon  in  which  Dante,  Petrarch,  Boc- 
caccio, and  others  wrote,  must  have  its  key  some- 
where, and  a  Grammar  of  the  Gay  Science  is 
most  likely  extant.  The  inquirer  is  by  no  means 
a  linguist,  but,  having  access  to  one  of  the  best 
libraries,  he  wishes  to  know  what  early  English 
poets,  or  writers,  were  in  the  habit  of  writing  in 
an  exoteric  and  esoteric  manner.  He  would  also 
be  glad  of  any  hints  whereby  he  cnn  be  led  to 
trace  the  Grammar  of  the  Gay  Science. 

B.  I.  C.  E. 

[The  "  Gay  Science,"  in  Fr.  "  Gaie  Science,"  in  Rom. 
" Gaya  Sciensa,"  "  Gaya  Scienca,"  and  sometimes  "Gay 
Saber,"  in  its  largest  sense  meant  poetry  generally ;  more 
particularly  and  more  frequently,  it  signified  the  poetry 
of  the  Troubadours;  and  in  a  more  special  sense  still 


300 


NOTES  AND  QUEBIES 


[8«»  S.  V.  APRIL  9,  '64. 


their  erotic  poetry.  See  Bescherelle,  ed.  1857,  and  Sup- 
plement to  the  Encyc.  Catholique.  The  following  are 
examples  of  the  two  phrases,  as  used  in  the  Romance  ;— 

"  La  presens  scienca  del  gay  saber" 
(The  present  knowledge  of  the  gay  science.) 

"  La  fons  d'esta  gaya  sciensa" 

(The  fountain  of  this  gay  science,) 

"  Doctor  en  la  gaya  scienca." 

(Doctor  in  the  gay  science.) 

A  short  grammar  of  Romance  may  be  found  in  vol.  i. 
of  Raynouard's  Lexique  Roman ;  a  longer  in  vol.  i.  of  his 
Poesies  des  Troubadours;  but  the  most  complete  work  on 
the  subject  is  F.  Diez's  Grammatik  der  Romanischen 
Sprachen,  3  vols.  8vo ;  the  Introduction  to  which  Gram- 
mar has  been  translated  by  Mr.  Cayley,  and  published 
by  Williams  and  Norgate,  who  are  about  to  publish  the 
same  author's  Romance  Dictionary,  translated  by  Mr.  T. 
C.  Donkin.  The  best  account  of  the  Troubadours  and 
their  writings  is  that  given  by  Diez  in  his  Poesie  des 
Troubadours,  8vo,  1826  ;  and  Leben  und  Werke  des  Trou- 
badours, 8vo,  1829.  But  our  correspondent  will  probably 
find  all  the  information  he  requires  in  the  late  Sir  George 
C.  Lewis's  Essay  on  the  Romance  Language,  8vo,  1840.] 

"  COLIBERTI,"  &c.  —  Can  I  be  informed  what 
species  of  villenage  is  indicated  by  the  term  coli- 
lertusf  In  the  Cornish  portion  of  Domesday 
Book,  I  find  that  the  canons  of  St.  Pieran  held 
Lanpiran,  and  that  duce  terra  had  been  taken 
from  it ;  which,  in  the  time  of  King  Edward,  re- 
turned to  the  canons  "firma  iv.  septimanaru." 
What  is  meant  by  "  firmam  quatuor  septimana- 
rum  "  ?  There  is  probably  an  omission  of  the 
word  acres  in  this  passage. 

THOMAS  Q.  COUCH. 

[The  learned  Dr.  Cowel,  in  his  Law  Dictionary,  fol. 
1727,  informs  us,  that  "  these  Coliberts  in  civil  law  were 
only  those  freemen,  who  at  the  same  time  had  been  ma- 
numised  by  their  lord  or  patron.  But  the  condition  of 
a  Colibert  in  English  tenure,  was  (as  Sir  Edward  Coke 
asserts)  the  same  with  a  soke-man,  or  one  who  held  in 
free  soccage,  but  yet  was  obliged  to  do  customary  ser- 
vices for  the  lord  ....  They  were  certainly  a  middle 
sort  of  tenants;  between  servile  and  free,  or  such  as 
held  their  freedom  of  tenure  under  condition  of  such 
works  and  services ;  and  were,  therefore,  the  same  land- 
holders whom  we  meet  under  the  name  of  Conditionales. — 
The  "  Firma"  of  so  many  "  Septimanse"  is  supposed  by 
Du  Cange,  who  refers  to  Spelman  and  Selden,  to  signify 
so  many  weeks'  provision  or  maintenance.  "  Firma  noctis 
pro  ccena,  ut  firma  diei  pro  prandio :  Firma  denique'^7 
septimanarum,  pro  pastu  tantidem  temporis  videtur  usur- 
pari."  It  might,  however,  be  commuted  for  a  payment 
in  money.  We  find  also  the  phrase  "  Firma  unius  noc- 
tis "  in  the  sense  of  one  night's  provision  or  entertain- 
ment for  the  king. 

It  appears  to  have  escaped  our  modern  lexicographers 
that  the  idea  of  "  firma,"  a  farm,  in  connection  with  that 
of  maintaining  or  provisioning,  has  not  yet  disappeared 
entirely  from  our  language.  Thus,  when  a  contract  is 


made  for  the  "finding"  or  provisioning  of  a  number  of 
persons,  this  is  sometimes  called  "farming  them  out.'' 
Conf.  the  old  English  word  "jfarme,"  food,  a  meal.] 

QUOTATION. — Whence  are  the  following  lines  ? 

•"  Where  is  the  man  who  has  the  power  and  skill 
To  stem  the  torrent  of  a  woman's  will  ? 
For  if  she  will,  she  will,  you  may  depend  on't ; 
And  if  she  won't,  she  won't ;  so  there's  an  end  on't." 

F.  C.  B. 

[The  authorship  of  these  well-known  lines  has  already 
occasioned  some  discussion.  In  Shakspeare  we  find  An- 
tonio thus  addressing  Proteus :  — 

"  My  will  is  something  sorted  with  his  wish ; 
Muse  not  that  I  thus  suddenly  proceed, 
For  what  I  will,  I  will,  and  there  an  end." 

Two  Gentlemen  of  Verona,  Act  L'Se.  3. 

Similar  lines  occur  in  Sir  Samuel  Tuke's  play,  The 
Adventures  of  Five  Hours,  Act  V. :  — 

"  He  is  a  fool,  who  thinks  by  force  or  skill, 
To  turn  the  current  of  a  woman's  will." 

Aaron  Hill,  too,  claims  two  of  the  lines  in  his  Epilogue 
to  his  play  of  Zara  :  — 

"  A  woman  will,  or  won't,  depend  on't ; 
If  she  will  do't,  she  will,  and  there's  an  end  on't ; 
But,  if  she  won't — since  safe  and  sound  your  trust  is, 
Fear  is  affront,  and  jealousy  injustice." 

The  lines,  however,  as  quoted  by  our  correspondent, 
occur  on  a  pillar  erected  on  the  Mount  in  the  Dane-John 
Field,  formerly  called  the  Dungeon  Field,  Canterbury,  if 
we  may  believe  the  Examiner  of  May  31, 1829.  As  an 
act  of  gallantry,  we  hope  some  Kentish  antiquary  will 
tell  us  what  misogynist  placed  these  intrusive  lines  on 
the  pillar  at  Canterbury.] 

JAMES  VI.'s  NATURAL  SON.  — Who  was  the 
mother  of  King  James  VI.'s  natural  son,  who  was 
the  father  of  the  forfeited  Earl  of  Bothwell  men- 
tioned in  Old  Mortality  (edit.  Edinburgh,  1816) ? 

No  SCANDAL. 

[Sir  Walter  Scott's  genealogy  is  at  fault.  The  father 
of  the  forfeited  Earl  of  Bothwjll  [Francis  Stewart]  was 
the  natural  son  of  James  V.  In  Douglas's  Peerage,  by 
Wood,  i.  231,  we  read  that  "  John  Stewart,  prior  of  Col- 
dinghame,  natural  son  of  King  James  V.  by  Elizabeth, 
daughter  of  Sir  John  Carmichael,  captain,  of  Crawford, 
afterwards  married  to  Sir  John  Somerville  of  Cambus- 
nethan,  obtained  a  legitimation  under  the  great  seal 
7th  ffeb.  1550-1,  and  he  died  at  Inverness  in  1563.  He 
married,  at  Seton,  4th  Jan.  1561-2,  Lady  Jane  Hepburn, 
only  daughter  of  Patrick,  third  Earl  of  Bothwell,  and  by 
her  had  two  sons: — 1.  Francis,  created  by  James  VI. 
Earl  of  Bothwell.  2.  Hercules."] 

"CHRONICLE  or  THE  KINGS  OF  ENGLAND" 
(1st  S.  xii.  168,  252.)— -The  name  of  the  author  of 
this  anonymous  work  was  inquired  after,  and  not 
answered.  Some  time  ago,  I  bought  a  copy  of 
the  work  called  "  Trifles"  (of  which  the  Chron- 
icle forms  part),  by  R.  Dodsley,  of  a  respectable 


3'd  S.  V.  APRIL  9,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 


301 


second-hand  bookseller.  Underneath  The  Chron- 
icle of  the  Kings  of  England  is  filled  up,  in  hand- 
writing "  By  Lord  Chesterfield."  By  whom  this 
was  written,  and  on  what  authority,  I  know  not ; 
my  copy  of  the  work  is  dated  1745.  D.  W.  S. 

[This  work  was  attributed  to  Robert  Dodsley  in  our 
!•*  S.  xii.  168;  and  is  entered  under  his  name  in  Bohn's 
Lowndes,  p.  657,  and  in  the  Catalogue  of  the  British 
Museum.  It  is  also  printed  in  Dodsley's  Miscellanies,  or 
Trifles  in  Prose  and  Verse,  2  vols.  1777.  The  Economy  of 
Human  Life  has  frequently  been  attributed  to  the  Earl 
of  Chesterfield.  See  «  N.  &  Q.."  It  S.  x.  8,  74,  318.] 


HERALDIC  QUERY. 
(3rd  S.  v.  241.) 

Certainly  "  the  brothers  or  other  relatives  "  of 
A  have  no  right  to  the  arms  granted  to  A  and 
his  descendants.  I  know  the  case  of  two  families, 
one  member  of  each  of  which  obtained  a  grant 
of  arms  to  himself.  The  other  members  of  the 
families  never  used  those  arms.  The  case  of  A 
is  illustrated  by  the  examples  given  by  Cainden  in 
his  Remaines  concerning  Britain  (London,  1657), 
p.  221,  et  seqq.  under  "  Armories."  These  are 
examples  "touching  the  granting  of  arms  from 
some  great  Earls,  and  passing  of  coats  from  one 
private  person  to  another all  before  the  re- 
duction of  the  Heralds  under  one  regulation." 
That  is  to  say,  before  the  Crown  interfered  with 
the  property  and  liberty  of  the  subject ;  an  inter- 
ference which  has  ended  in  our  day  in  the  adver- 
tisements of  "  Arms  found,"  and  "  Heraldic 
Offices." 

Camden's  first  example  is  a  gift  from  "  Humfry 
Count  de  Staff,  et  de  Perche  Seigneur  de  Tun- 
brigg  et  de  Caux "  to  Robert  Whitgreve,  of  the 
arms  still  borne  by  that  antient  and  honourable 
house.  I  preserve  Camden's  spelling.  The  Earl 
says  :  — 

'  Saches  que  nous  . . .  luy  avoir  donne  et  donons  par 
icest.es  presentes  pour  memory  d'onneur  perpetuell,  au- 
portre  set  armes  ensigne  de  Noblesse  un  Escue  de  Azure 
a  quatre  points  d'or,  quatre  cheverons  de  Gules,  et  luy  de 
partire  as  autres  persones  nobles  de  son  linage  en  descent 
avecques  les  differences  de  Descent  au  dit  blazon." 

This  is  dated  "  Le  xiii  jour  d'August,  1'an  du 
reigne  le  Eoy  Henry  le  Sisme  puis  le  Conquest 
vintisme." 

^Next,   in   the  fifteenth  year  of  Richard   II., 

Thomas  Grendale  of  Fenton  grants  arms  which 

he  had  himself  inherited,  to  William  Moigne,  "  a 

«  heires  et  assignes  a  tous  jours."     And  Thomas 

w-ir  anvowe»  cniv»lier,  transferring  his  arms  to 

vyilham    Criketot,  "  consanguineo  meo,"    in  the 

venth  year  of  Henry  IV.,  adds,  «  et  ego  pne- 

rhomas  et  haeredes  mei  praedicti,  anna,  et 


juseadem  gerendi,  prasfato  Willielnao  haredibus 
et  assignatis  suis,  contra  oranes  gentes  Warrantiz- 
abimus  in  perpetuum." 

But  in  some  cases  a  grant  has  been  made  re- 
trospective. I  have  before  me  a  copy,  transcribed 
by  my  own  hand,  of  a  grant  made  by  Sir  Isaac 
Heard,  Garter,  and  George  Harrison,  Claren- 
cieux.  This  assigns  arms  to  the  petitioner  and  his 
descendants,  and  authorises  him  to  place  those 
arms  "  on  any  monument  or  otherwise  in  memory 
of  his  said  late  father."  I  do  not  know  how  old 
this  practice  is  ;  but  it  is  plainly  a  way  of  acceler- 
ating, by  one  descent,  the  period  at  which  a  family 
becomes  a  family  of  "  gentlemen  of  blood." 

"  At  ^this  time,"  says  Camden,  having  men- 
tioned in  the  preceding  clause,  "  the  siege  of 
Caerlaveroc,  the  battail  of  Sterling,  the  siege  of 
Calice,  and  divers  Tourniaments," — "  there  was  a 
distinction  of  Gentlemen  of  bloud  and  Gentlemen 
of  coate-armour,  and  the  third  from  him  that  first 
had  coate-armour  was  to  all  purposes  held  a  Gen- 
tleman of  bloud." 

^And  such  a  grant  as  this  of  Sir  Isaac  Heard 
might  easily  place  the  whole  issue  of  the  father  in 
the  rank  of  armigeri.  Here  the  petitioner  was 
an  only  son.  But  supposing  such  a  grant  to  be 
made  when  the  deceased  father  had  left  several 
children,  the  terms  of  the  grant  might  be  so  varied 
as  to  give  the  right  of  using  the  arms  to  them  all. 
If,  however,  the  grant  only  specified  one  out  of 
several  children,  and  the  i?sue  and  descendants  of 
that  one  child,  then,  I  presume,  that  not  even  the 
permission  to  place  the  arms  **  on  any  monument 
or  otherwise,"  in  memory  of  the  father  of  the 
grantee,  would  imply  a  right  given  to  the  other 
children  to  carry  those  arms.  D.  P. 

Stuarts  Lodge,  Malvern  Wells. 


In  reply  to  J.,  on  reference  to  an  old  document 
issued  from  the  Heralds'  College,  granting  and 
depicting  the  arms  and  crest  to  be  borne  and  used 
by  an  ancestor,  I  find  this  paragraph  :  — 

"  To  be  borne  and  used  for  ever  by  him  the  said  T.  B., 
and  his  descendants,  and  the  descendants  of  his  late 

father  deceased with  due  and  proper  differences 

according  to  the  laws  of  Arms,"  &c.  &c. 

If  the  foregoing  is,  and  has  been  the  usual 
wording  of  such -patents,  I  am  inclined  to  think 
that  it  is  so  comprehensive,  that  J.'s  brothers  and 
their  descendants  would  be  entitled  to  use  the 
arms  and  bear  the  crest  of  those  grants  to  him- 
self, "  with  due  and  proper  differences." 

T.  C.  B. 

SITUATION  OF  ZOAR. 
(3rd  S.  v.  117,  141,  181,  262.) 

I  fear  that  the  hypothesis  of  E.  H.~that  the 
Hebrew  word  rendered  "pillar,"  in  Gen.  xix.  26, 


302 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


.  APRIL  9, 


is  more  accurately  a  "  mound  or  ridge;"  and  that 
Lot's  wife  was  actually  turned  into  the  ridge  of 
Khashm  Usdum  —  is  not  without  its  difficulties. 

1.  The  word  in  question,  netsib,  is  derived  from 
a   root   natsab,    which   has    simply   the   force    of 
"standing,"    "being   fixed;"   no  idea  of  height, 
length,  or  breadth,  or  any  other  quality  apper- 
taining to  a  ridge  or  mound,  is  present  in  the 
root.      (See   Gesenius's  Lexicon;    Fiirst,   Hand- 
wdrterbuch,  &c.,  &c.)    Netsib  itself,  besides  mean- 
ing a  pillar  or  column  (something  set  up),  has  a 
secondary  meaning  of  an  officer  (one  set  over)  ; 
and  also,  though  this  is  uncertain,  of  a  garrison  or 
military   post   (see   the   lexicons   as   above,   and 
"Garrison,"  in  Smith's  Diet,  of  Bible). 

2.  It  seems  less  suitable  to  the  biblical  narra- 
tive to  suppose  that  Lot's  wife  was  turned  into  a 
ridge,  which  is  more  than  five  miles  long,  a  mile 
or  so  wide,  and  300  feet  high  (see  Smith's  Diet., 
ii.  1180),  than  into  a  column  or  statue  nearer  the 
size  and  proportions  of  the  human  figure.     Such 
columnar   fragments    appear  to  be    in  the  habit 
of  splitting  off  from  the  Khashm  Usdum ;  and  do 
actually  suggest  to  those  who  see  them,  even  in 
our  own  day,  identity  with  Lot's  wife.     (See  the 
quotations  in  the  Diet.,  ii.  144;  also,  ii.  1180). 

3.  Is  it  so  certain,  as  E.  H.  assumes,  that  the 
neighbourhood  of  the  Khashm  Usdum  was   the 
scene  of  this  catastrophe  ?     I  am  aware  that  such 
is  the  general  opinion ;  but  the  question  of  the 
site  of  the  "cities  of  the  plain"  has  not  yet  re- 
ceived the  consideration  which  it  deserves,  and  I 
observe  that  the  latest  inquirer,  viz.  Mr.  Grove,  in 
Smith's  Diet,  of  Bible,  ii.   1339-41,  and  1856-7, 
brings  forward  some  reasons  which  are  not  without 
force  for  believing  that  these  cities   lay  at  the 
north,  instead  of  the  south  end  of  the  lake. 

4.  Khashm  Usdum  can  hardly  be  said  to  be  a 
ridge  of  salt,  in  that  strict  and  literal  sense  in  which 
E.  H.  accepts  the  narrative  of  Gen.  xix. :  since 
the  rock-salt,  of  which  the  bulk  of  the  mountain 
is  formed,  is  mixed  with  other  strata,  and  has  a 
capping    of    a    marly    deposit    of    considerable 
thickness. 

5.  How  far  is  it  necessary  to  take  the  narrative 
of  Gen.  xix.  as  a  literal  statement  of  facts  ?     Are 
we  bound  to  believe,  historically,  that  a  torrent 
of  burning  sulphur  was  poured   down  from  the 
sky  at  a  temperature  sufficient  to  ^ignite  the  walls 
and  houses  of  the  towns  ?     Or  may  not  this  be 
merely  the  impressive  imagery,  in  which  a  writer 
of  those  early  times  clothed  the  fact  of  the  final 
doom,  which  the  luxury  and  recklessness  of  the 
inhabitants   had,   through    more   natural   means, 
brought  on  their  cities  ?     Such  modes  of  speech 
are  in  every  day  use  with  orientals.     The  Jews  of 
Monastir,  within  the  last  few  weeks,  in  language 
which  might  be  that  of  one  of  the  authors  of  the 
Pentateuch  itself,  describe  the  conflagration  which 
destroyed  their  city —  a  conflagration  produced  by 


the  most  ordinary  means — as  "  fire  from  heaven." 
(See  their  letter  to  Sir  M.  Montefiore.) 

Travellers,  even  in  our  own  day,  often  speak 
of  the  burnt  calcined  look  which  pervades  the 
shores  of  the  Dead  Sea,  as  a  remnant  and  token 
of  the  catastrophe  in  which  the  cities  were  con- 
sumed. There  is  every  reason  to  believe  that 
the  appearance  in  question  is  there,  as  elsewhere, 
due  to  entirely  natural  causes.  It  is  also  becoming 
recognised,  as  our  knowledge  of  the  spot  and 
the  subject  increases,  that  the  Bible  does  not  de- 
mand that  the  formation  of  the  Dead  Sea  was  in 
any  way  connected  with  the  destruction  of  the 
cities  ;  and  that  its  formation  dates  from  an  age 
long  anterior  to  the  historic  period.  (See  Smith's 
Diet.,  ii.  1187. 1308.)  If,  even  in  our  own  day,  na- 
tural agencies  have  been  thus  supernaturally  inter- 
preted, surely  it  is  not  unreasonable  or  irreverent 
to  ask  if  they  may  not  have  been  similarly  inter- 
preted in  an  earlier  and  less  critical  age ;  and 
if  the  statuesque  columns,  which  must  during 
many  centuries  have  been  periodically  splitting 
off  from  the  Khashm  Usdum,  may  not  have  sug- 
gested to  an  early  Hebrew  poet  the  impressive 
and  profitable  apologue  of  Lot's  wife.  O.  L. 

Not  only  the  authorities  already  quoted  in  the 
first  and  second  centuries  of  our  era  attest  the 
existence  in  their  time  of  "  the  pillar  of  salt,"  but 
many  subsequent  historians  and  travellers,  even 
up  to  the  present  day,  profess  to  have  identified 
it  in  some  outlying  fragment  of  the  Khasm  Us- 
dum, or  Jebel  Usdum.  According  to  Rabbinical 
tradition,  the  name  of  Lot's  wife  was  Hedith 
(signifying  "witness"),  given  to  her  in  judicial 
forecast  of  her  terrible  destiny,  and  the  perma- 
nence of  its  testimony.  How  it  came  to  endure, 
with  all  the  members  entire,  is  curiously  narrated 
by  Irenaeus  (iv.  51,  64)  ;  but  the  evidence  is 
more  than  dubious  on  this  point,  the  Hebrew 
word  denoting  rather  fixation  than  form :  and  it 
is  probable  that  the  unbelieving  lingerer  was  sud- 
denly destroyed  by  the  rushing  lava  below,  while 
showers  of  sulphurous  salts  from  above  enveloped 
the  charred  body  in  a  shapeless  mass,  thus  be- 
coming an  isolated  object  upon  the  plain  of  Sodom. 
But  the  very  nature  of  the  material  would  neces- 
sarily yield  to  atmospheric  agencies  (it  may  be 
also  to  the  destroying  hand  of  man),  except  pre- 
served by  a  miraculous  intervention,  of  which  we 
have  no  authentic  record.  Rachel's  memorial 
pillar  was  intact  600  years  after  her  death  (1  Samuel 
x.  2),  but  there  is  no  allusion  in  Holy  Writ  to  the 
permanence  of  the  "  pillar  of  salt."  Before  the 
infliction  of  a  fiery  doom  upon  Sodom  and,  Go- 
morrah, the  regions  around  "  the  vale  of  Siddim, 
which  is  the  salt  sea,"  were  both  populous  and 
fruitful  (Gen.  xiv.)  And,  again,  2000  years  after- 
ward they  seem  to  have  attained  a  high  degree  of 
prosperity  according  to  Strabo,  who  mentions 


3"»  S.  V.  APRIL  9,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


303 


numerous  villages  built  of  the  rock-salt,  or  volcanic 
debris,  in  the  vicinity  of  the  Asphaltites,  then,  as 
now,  termed  by  the  Arabs  (Edomites)  Bahr  Lut, 
the  Sea  of  Lot. 

The  proximate  or  physical  causes  of  sterility 
throughout  the  mediaeval  East  are  in  every  in- 
stance the  same  ;  and  the  restoration  of  primitive 
fertility  depends  on  wells  and  irrigation,  or  an 
industrial  appropriation  of  the  substratal  water, 
in  the  present  day,  just  as  it  did  4000  years  ago 
in  the  days  of  Abraham  and  Lot. 

The  information  in  Smith's  Dictionary  is  inter- 
esting and  erudite,  yet  unsatisfactory ;  and  I 
rather  expect,  from  a  more  careful  geological  re- 
search, that  we  shall  discover  in  "  the  testimony 
of  the  rocks  "  the  only  genuine  clue  to  the  an- 
cient sites  of  Zoar  and  the  cities  of  the  plain. 

In  the  salt  mines  of  Cracow  there  is  a  rude 
isolated  block,  somewhat  resembling  the  human 
figure,  which  the  superstitious  people  believe  to 
be  the  actual  "  pillar  of  salt "  into  which  Lot's 
wife  was  metamorphosed. 

The  moral  of  that  standing  monument  of  an  un- 
believing aonl  (Wisdom  of  Solomon  x.  7)  was  truly, 
though  quaintly,  drawn  by  Thomas  Jordan  two 
hundred  years  ago  in  his  fancied  inscription  :  — 

•"In  this  pillar  I  do  lie 

Buried,  where  no  mortal  eye 
Ever  could  my  bones  descry. 

When  I  saw  great  Sodom  burn, 
To  this  pillar  I  did  turn, 
Where  my  body  is  my  urn. 

You,  to  whom  my  corpse  I  show, 
Take  true  warning  from  my  woe  — 
Look  not  back,  when  God  cries  «  Go.' 

They  that  toward  virtue  hie, 
If  but  back  they  cast  an  eye, 
Twice  as  far  do  from  it  fly. 

Counsel  then  I  give  to  those, 
Who  the  path  to  bliss  have  chose, 
Turn  not  back,  ye  cannot  lose. 

That  way  let  your  whole  hearts  lie ; 
If  ye  let  them  backward  fly, 
They'll  quickly  grow  as  hard  as  I. 


Dublin. 


J.  L. 


PUBLICATION  OF  DIARIES. 
(3rd  S.  v.  107,  215,  261.) 

^  Since  PROFESSOR  DE  MORGAN'S  memory  fails 
him,  I  must  now  further  state  that,  neither  in  the 
communication  alluded  to,  nor  in  any  other  with 
which  I  have  subsequently  been  favoured,  did  he 
ever  express  any  "wish'"  that  I  should  make 
"amends"  for  "my  own  deficiency."  This  is  a 
new  idea  which  was  only  given  to  the  world  on 
March  26,  1864.  I  was  totally  ignorant  of  having 
committed  any  offence  by  the  publication  of  Bur- 
row's journals,  until  the  morning  of  Christmas 


Day  last ;  when  I  accidentally  turned  to  the  article 
"  Tables"  in  a  copy  of  the  English  Cyclopaedia, 
in  the  library  of  a  friend.  The  scurrility  from 
"  N".  &  Q."  is  there  reprinted,  together  with  the 
implied  charge,  which  has  now  become  expanded 
into  such  large  dimensions.  I  expressed  my  sur- 
prise in  a  letter  to  MR.  DE  MORGAN  shortly  after, 
and  informed  him  where  the  journals  could  be 
inspected.  The  weapons  with  which  I  am  now 
assailed  have,  therefore,  been  furnished  from  my 
own  quiver. 

The  Howe  case,  it  appears,  is  still  standing 
over ;  but  since  part  of  the  charge  only  is  now 
enforced,  the  rest  ought  to  be  abandoned  on  the 
ground  that,  when  Burrow  speaks  of  Howe,  he  is 
venturing  an  opinion  on  things  which  we  know  he 
did  not  understand ;  but  when  he  speaks  of 
"  mathematics  and  mathematicians,"  we  know  that 
he  understood  a  great  deal  about  both.  The 
testimony  in  the  two  cases,  therefore,  rests  upon 
very  different  foundations.  We  do  not  put  ma- 
thematicians into  the  witness-box  in  order  to  give 
evidence  on  questions  relating  to  the  efficiency  or 
non-efficiency  of  naval  commanders.  Were  such 
a  thing  to  be  attempted,  "ne  sutor  ultra  crepi- 
darn  "  would  soon  be  urged  with  effect  by  some 
modern  Apelles  in  the  garb  of  an  opposing 
counsel. 

I  am  not  to  be  deterred  from  attempting  my 
own  justification  by  the  threat  contained  in  the 
fourth  paragraph  ;  but  will  certainly  prefer  giving 
the  allusions  myself,  rather  than  trust  to  its  being 
done  by  an  opponent  who  only  selects  one  in- 
stance in  illustration  from  "  the  last  page  of  all." 

In  the  Philosophical  Magazine  for  March,  1853 
(p.  186),  I  stated  broadly  that  Mr.  Burrows 
"superiority  in  geometry"  did  not  enable  "him 
to  subdue  his  natural  irritability  :  for,  at  various 
periods  of  his  career,  he  had  differences  with 
almost  every  person  of  eminence  with  whom  he 
came  in  contact."  In  the  same  page,  his  "  special 
education  "  is  stated  to  have  been  "  in  advance  of 
his  general."  His  "antipathy  to  Dr.  Hutton," 
and  his  quarrel  with  Dr.  Maskelyne,  are  also 
noted.  Further  down,  I  propose  to  "select" 
some  passages  from  his  journals  for  preservation, 
"  accompanied  by  such  remarks  as  may  serve  to 
render  the  extracts  intelligible."  On  p.  187,  I 
place  the  expression — "Hutton,  by-the-bye,  docs 
not  know  how  to  make  an  Almanack  " — in  italics, 
as  a  caution  to  the  reader  not  to  interpret  the 
passage  literally;  and  on  pp.  188  and  189,  the 
same  caution  is  repeated  when  I  direct  attention 

the  surmise,  that  "Mr. Burrow,  it  seems,  would 
lave  had  no  objection  to  100Z.  a-year  from  the  Sta- 
tioners' Company."  In  a  previous  extract  he  had 
harged  this  Company  with  giving  Dr.  Hutton 
;his  sum,  in  order  "to  stop  his  mouth,"  —  and  this 
s  also  given  in  italics  on  p.  188.  His  motives  in 
assisting  to  establish  Carnan's  Diary,  are  also 


304 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  V.  APRIL  9,  '64. 


questioned  by  me  on  the  same  page ;  and  p.  190 
contains  my  expression  of  dissent  from  what  Mr. 
Jones  is  stated  to  have  told  Mr.  Robertson,  rela- 
tive to  Hooke's  penurious  habits. 

In  p.  515,  of  the  June  number  of  the  same 
magazine,  I  again  italicise  one  of  Burrow's  me- 
moranda —  "  take  the  rest  out  of  the  Ephemeris." 
And  to  prove  that  his  practice  did  not  accord 
with  his  professions,  I  remark  that  he  "  knew  how 
to  make  an  Almanack,  whatever  might  be  the 
defects  of  Button  and  Maskelyne."  On  p.  517,  I 
state  that  "  Mr.  Burrow's  opposition  to  Maskelyne 
does  not  appear  to  have  rested  on  good  grounds, 
and  there  is  little  doubt  that  many  of  his  sup- 
posed injuries  were  merely  imaginary.  All  who 
are  acquainted  with  the  writings  and  labours  of 
this  astronomer-royal,  will  not  place  much  credit 
in  such  depreciations  of  scientific  character  as  are 
exhibited  in  this  extract ;  whilst  the  fact,  that  the 
mutual  friends  of  both  parties  disapproved  of  Mr. 
Burrow's  views  and  conduct,  affords  strong  pre- 
sumptive evidence  that  Dr.  Maskelyne's  proceed- 
ings are  not  represented  under  their  real  charac- 
ter." P.  520  contains  a  quotation  from  Mr. 
Swale's  memoir  to  the  effect,  that  though  "his 
heart  was  good,"  yet  his  habits  were  not  justi- 
fiable ;  and  I  may  here  add,  that  MR.  DE  MOR- 
GAN'S pet  phrase  respecting  "  excentricities  of 
genius  "  is  due  to  Mr.  Swale,  and  not  to  myself. 
We  all  know  that  genius  is  sometimes  excentric  ; 
and  that  it  occasionally  flashes  forth  in  puns,  by 
way  of  diversifying  more  serious  discourse :  al- 
though it  must  be  admitted,  that  the  point  of  the 
satire  is  sometimes  so  excessively  fine,  that  nothing 
short  of  a  high  microscopical  power  can  show  it. 
On  p.  520,  I  note  an  ebullition  of  temper  on  the 
part  of  Mr.  Burrow,  and  distinctly  state  that  his 
language  is  such  as  to  "render  it  necessary  to 
suppress  a  portion  of  the  journal  at  this  point." 
The  next  page  contains  another  caution,  in  italics, 
respecting  what  is  said  of  Dr.  Hutton ;  and  the 
motives  attributed  to  Dr.  Bliss  are  noticed  as 
seeming  "scarcely  sufficient  to  account  for  his 
opposition  to  the  publication"  of  the  catalogue  of 
Mr.  Jones's  library. 

The  September  number  of  the  Phil.  Magazine 
contains  Mr.  Burrow's  account  of  the  causes  which 
led  to  the  loss  of  the  "  Royal  George  ;"  but  I  pre- 
face the  extracts  by  the  remark  that,  "  if  literally 
true,  [they]  do  not  convey  a  very  pleasing  im- 
pression of  the  state  of  naval  discipline  at  that 
period/'  The  "  Howe  case  "  follows  next  in  order ; 
and  it  is  now,  perhaps,  remarkable  for  the  grave 
omission,  which  I  indicated  by  dots  towards  the 
bottom  of  p.  198.  Probably,  Mr.  Burrow  only 
gave  permanence  to  the  sentiments  of  the  officers 
by  whom  he  was  surrounded.  History  tells  us 
that  Lord  Howe  and  his  brother  had  been  some- 
what unfortunate  in  America;  and  they  were 
consequently  undergoing  the  ordeal  of  an  excited 


public  criticism  at  the  time ;  besides,  the  French 
fleet  was  expected  in  sight  every  hour.  There  is, 
therefore,  some  excuse  for  Mr.  Burrow's  harsh 
expressions ;  although  they  may  be  pronounced 
as  being  unworthy  of  the  slightest  attention.  But 
will  the  fact  of  his  having  drawn  erroneous  con- 
clusions as  to  what  a  naval  officer  ought  to  have 
done,  or  might  have  done,  under  certain  circum- 
stances, serve  to  invalidate  what  the  same  in- 
dividual may  have  written  on  other  subjects  ?  I 
venture  to  think  I  am  not  reasoning  illogically 
when  I  affirm  the  contrary ;  for  in  the  one  case 
he  knew  absolutely  nothing,  but  in  the  other 
he  knew  a  great  deal  respecting  those  matters 
upon  which  he  gives  his  own  opinions,  or  those 
of  others.  I  have  served  more  than  an  ap- 
prenticeship on  the  juries  at  our  Assize  Courts, 
and  have  taken  instructions  from  some  of  the 
ablest  judges  on  the  Bench  ;  but  was  never  yet 
directed  to  reject  a  man's  evidence  on  such  un- 
tenable grounds.  We  may  now  dispense  with  all 
that  is  said  in  "  the  special-pleader  case  "  of  the 
"  Man  versus  Private  Smith,"  inasmuch  as  the 
cases  are  not  parallel.  Both  logic  and  common 
sense  are  here  at  fault,  and  the  promoter  of  the 
case  is  left  without  even  "  a  halfpenny-worth  of 
umbrella"  to  cover  his  position.  My  last  allu- 
sion is  that  given  by  MR.  DE  MORGAN  himself  in 
his  recent  reply,  and  need  not  be  again  repeated. 
I  have  now  given  "  all  I  can  find  "  in  the  shape  of 
caution  and  allusion ;  and  as  they  are  all  made 
by  myself,  I  will  leave  my  readers  to  decide 
whether  or  not  I  had  anything  to  fear  from  the 
threatened  exposure  in  case  of  denial.  I  hope 
there  will  be  no  "  ambiguity "  in  what  is  now 
stated  ;  but  I  will  leave  to  my  opponent  the  task 


of  explaining  by  what  process  in  logic  I  am  ex- 
pected to  find  "  more  if  I  can,"  after  "  all"  has 


the  syllogistic  form,  "every  Y  is  Z,"  by  simply 
denying  the  major :  for  we  have  knowledge  that 
Mr.  Burrow  was  a  competent  witness,  and  of 
known  credibility,  in  matters  relating  to  "  mathe- 
matics and  mathematicians."  All  the  rest  is 
simply  an  attempt  to  create  matter  for  further 
discussion.  Both  in  "N.  &  Q.,"  and  elsewhere, 
PROF.  DE  MORGAN  has  evidently  been  building 
"great  gates"  to  very  "small  cities."  Every 
attack  upon  me  has  been  made  through  a  maze  of 
special  pleading,  and  a  "  world  of  verbiage ;"  but 
I  do  not  suppose  he  will  thereby  induce  many  to 
join  him  in  my  condemnation.  The  cautions 
which  I  have  so  liberally  scattered  will,  I  hope, 
fully  plead  my  justification;  nor  can  I  regret 
having  fallen  into  the  common  "  error  of  biogra- 
phers," in  suppressing  improper  or  irrelevant  pas- 
sages.  Were  biographies  compelled  to  be  written 
after  the  model  now  proposed,  the  profits  of  both 


3*1  S.  V.  APRIL  9,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


305 


publisher,  bookseller,  and  author,  would  rapidly 
diminish.  Prohibitory  clauses  would  soon  find 
their  way  into  "the  last  wills  and  testaments" 
of  eminent  persons,  and  the  present  generation 
would  witness  the  last  issue  of  such  works  from 
the  press.  T.  T.  WILKINSON. 

Burnley,  Lancashire. 


'    CROMWELL'S  HEAD. 
(3rd  S.v.  119,  178,264.) 

It  may  be  "  anything  but  good  taste,"  whatever 
these  words  may  imply,  for  me  to  use  the  phrase 
"  Wilkinson  head  "  to  designate  that  particular, 
alleged  head  of  Cromwell,  still,  I  need  scarcely 
say  that  I  did  so  without  the  slightest  idea  of  dis- 
respect to  Mr.  Wilkinson,  as  all  who  have  ever 
heard  of  the  Chandos  Shakspeare,  Medicaean 
Venus,  Hastings  diamond,  or  any  other  like- de- 
signated and  much-valued  object  of  nature  or 
art,  must  be  well  aware.  Mr.  Wilkinson,  we 
are  told,  considers  his  head  of  Cromwell  to  be  a 
rare  and  valuable  relic,  consequently  he  cannot 
object  to  have  his  name  connected  with  it ;  if  he 
were  ashamed,  or  had  reason  to  be  ashamed  of  it, 
is  quite  another  affair. 

One  word,  now,  about  a  subject,  interesting  in 
itself,  that  has  been  dragged  into  this  head-story  ; 
I  allude  to  Cox  and  his  museum.  Cox  was  an 
eminent  jeweller,  silversmith,  and  mechanician  of 
the  last  century.  When  there  was  a  prospect  of 
the  interior  of  India  being  opened  to  British  en- 
terprise, he  made  a  number  of  curious  mechanical 
toys,  of  the  richest  materials,  hoping  to  sell  them 
profitably  to  the  Indian  princes.  War  prevented 
the  sale  of  these  articles  in  India;  they  were 
quite  unsuitable  for  the  European  market,  and 
Cox,  as  a  dernier  ressort,  exhibited  them  in  Spring 
Gardens.  The  insecurity  of  property  at  the  pe- 
riod compelled  him  to  take  the  strictest  precau- 
tions to  guard  his  treasures ;  only  a  few  persons 
were  admitted  at  a  time,  twice  in  the  day ;  the 
charge  for  admission  was  half-a-guinea ;  so,  as 
may  be  imagined,  poor  Cox  made  little  by  his 
enterprise.  In  1773.  Cox  obtained  a  private  Act 
of  Parliament  permitting  him  to  dispose  of  his 
museum  by  lottery.  The  schedule  attached  to 
that  Act,  containing  a  list  of  the  things  Cox  was 
thus  allowed  to  dispose  of,  is  now  before  me,  as 
well  as  two  different  Catalogues  of  the  contents 
of  his  museum,  and  there  is  no  mention  of  a 
Cromwell's  head  in  them.  In  short,  Cox's  Mu- 
seum, though  a  noted  collection  in  its  day,,  was 
the  very  worst,  the  most  unfeasible,  place,  that 
the  concoctor  of  a  Cromwell's  head  story  could 
possibly  have  fixed  upon.  There  was  nothing 
vulirnr  or  Barnum-like  connected  with  it.  It 
;•<!,  wholly,  as  described  in  the  writings  of 
its  period,  "  of  exquisite  and  magnificent  pieces 
of  mechanism  and  jewellery."  In  these  days  of 


"  Great  Exhibitions,"  a  retrospective  glance  at 
Cox's  Museum  may  have  sufficient  interest  to 
merit  a  place  here.  I  take  at  random,  on  opening 
the  Catalogue,  "  PIECE  THE  FORTY-SECOND — A 
Cage  of  Singing-birds  "  :  — 

"  It  is  placed  upon  a  moat  superb  commode  of  gold 
and  lapis  lazuli,  set  in  frames  of  silver  and  pannels  of 
gold ;  ornamented  with  the  greatest  taste  and  elegance, 
with  trophies  and  finely  adapted  designs;  the  cage  is 
supported  at  the  four  angles  by  rhinoceroses,  and  in  the 
front  by  an  elephant.  The'  conimode  contains  a  fine  set  of 
bells,  that  rings  changes,  and  plays  many  curious  tunes. 
The  doors  in  front,  when  opened,  discover  a  grand  cas- 
cade of  artificial  water  falling  from  rocks :  besides  this, 
fresh  streams  are  poured  down  from  dolphins,  and  blown 
up  by  Tritons  out  of  their  shells;  while  a  number  of 
mirrors,  placed  in  the  cavities  of  the  rock,  reflect  the 
whole,  and  render  the  effect  most  pleasingly  astonishing. 
Upon  a  superb  pedestal  stands  a  cage  of  incomparable 
richness  and  beauty,  composed  of  gold,  silver,  jewellery, 
and  agate;  it  is  designed  from  an  elegant  architectural 
plan  wrought  in  silver  and  gold,  with  an  execution 
truly  masterly.  Under  the  doors  of  the  cage  several 
birds  are  seen  in  motion ;  on  the  right  appear  a  nest  of 
birds  fed  by  the  old  one;  on  the  left,  birds  are  seen 
picking  fruit  and  flowers.  Upon  the  cage  is  an  eight- 
day  musical  clock,  that  chimes,  strikes,  and  repeats,  has 
two  dials,  and,  at  the  right  and  left  of  the  cage,  gives 
motion  to  vertical  stars  in  jewellery.  Above  the  clock  is 
a  temple  of  agate,  adorned  with*  pillars  of  silver  and 
ornaments  of  gold  and  jewellery :  in  front  there  is  the 
representation  of  a  house,  with  a  mill,  bridge,  people, 
and  other  pleasing  objects  in  motion.  Above  the  temple 
is  a  hexagonal  pavilion,  in  the  centre  of  which  is  a 
double  vertical  star,  terminating  with  a  large  star,  in 
spiral  motion,  that  seems  to  extend  its  points.  Within 
the  cage  are  a  bullfinch  and  a  goldfinch,  all  of  jeweller's 
work ;  their  plumage  formed  of  stones  of  various  colours ; 
they  flutter  their  wings,  they  warble,  and  move  their 
bills  to  every  note  of  the  different  tunes  they  sing,  which 
are  both  duets  and  solos,  surprisingly  melodious,  to  the 
universal  astonishment  of  the  auditors." 

The  fifty-six  "  pieces,"  valued  at  197,500Z., 
composing  Cox's  Museum,  were  all  of  a  similarly 
rich  and  rare  character.  The  head  prize  in  the 
lottery  was  a  pair  of  diamond  ear-rings,  made  for 
the  Empress  of  Russia,  and  valued  at  10,OOOJ. 
Cox  was  not  merely  an  ingenious  mechanic ;  he 
was  probably  the  first  of  his  trade  in  England  who 
studied  artistic  effect ;  and  he  employed  Nollekens 
the  sculptor,  and  Zoffany  the  painter,  to  make 
designs  for  his  works.  The  preamble  of  the  Act 
of  Parliament  states  that  "  the  painter,  the  gold- 
smith, the  jeweller,  the  lapidary,  the  sculptor, 
the  watchmaker,  in  short  all  the  liberal  arts  have 
found  employment  in  and  worthily  cooperated " 
to  Cox's  Museum.  Truly,  one  would  no  more 
expect  to  find  a  Cromwell's  head  in  such  a  collec- 
tion, than  in  the  Summer  Palace  of  Pekin,  where, 
curiously  enough,  there  were  found,  at  the  late 
plundering  of  that  imperial  residence,  several  re- 
markable specimens  of  jewellery  and  mechanism 
bearing  the  name  of  James  Cox,  Jeweller,  103, 
Shoe  Lane,  London,  for  in  that  now  common- 
place locality  did  this  enterprising,  tasteful,  and 
ingenious  artist,  dwell  and  carry  on  his  business. 


306 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


V.  APRIL  9,  '64. 


The  Act  empowering  Cox  to  dispose  of  his  mu- 
seum by  lottery  received  the  royal  assent  by  com- 
mission on  June  21,  1773,  and  on  May  1,  1775, 
the  drawing  commenced  at  Guildhall,  "  when 
No.  57,808,  drawn  a  Jjlank,  was,  as  first  drawn 
ticket,  entitled  to  100Z."*  Among  the  annals  of 
lotteries  this  is  a  memorable  one,  a  man  having 
suborned  one  of  the  Blue- coat  boys  to  conceal  a 
ticket,  the  fraud  was  detected,  and  gave  rise  to 
much  litigation  f  ;  this,  however,  is  beyond  my 
subject,  my  object  being  merely  to  show  that 
Cox's  Museum  was  dispersed  by  lottery  in  1775, 
and  consequently  was  not  in  existence  with  a 
Cromwell's  head  in  it,  as  incautiously  alleged  by 
T.  B.,  in  1787  (p.  180). 

T.  B.  believes  that  "  no  such  lecture  has  been 
delivered  as  that  referred  to  by  MR.  PINKERTON," 
and  yet,  in  the  next  sentence,  he  says  that  —  "  It 
would  be  a  pity  to  drag  the  name  of  such  a  sim- 
pleton as  the  lecturer  before  the  public."  I  do 
not  know  the  name  of  the  lecturer,  for  I  have  mis- 
laid the  newspaper  cutting  which  gave  an  account 
of  it ;  but  I  may  have  a  shrewd  suspicion  as  to 
what  the  initials  of  the  simpleton  (the  word  is  not 
mine)  are.  The  writer  in  the  Phrenological 
Journal,  whose  name — I  acknowledge  my  error — 
is  Donovan  and  not  O'Donovan,  partly  corrobo- 
rates my  "  piece  of  puerility  "  in  relation  to  the 
lecture,  thus :  — 

"  It  was  decidedly  a  round  head ;  and,  indeed,  when 
the  Cavaliers  bestowed  the  nickname  of  '  Roundheads ' 
upon  the  sourer  fanatics  of  the  opposite  faction,  they 
were  unconsciously  giving  utterance  to  a  phrenological 
fact —  a  philosophical  truth  coeval  with  the  cerebral  con- 
stitution of  man." 

Whatever  difference  of  opinion  there  may  exist 
between  T.  B.  and  me  as  regards  Cromwell's  head, 
I  think  he  will  now  a<rree  with  me  in  considering 
that  there  are  more  simpletons  than  one  in  the 
world.  And  I  may  add  that  "  the  sourer  fana- 
tics," being  practical  men,  and  totally  ignorant  of 
the  beauties  of  phrenology,  did  not  recognise  this 
"  philosophical  truth  coeval  with  the  cerebral  con- 
stitution of  man,"  as  the  following  title-page  of  a 
work  now  before  me  amply  testifies  :  — 

"  Caveats  for  Anti-Roundheads.  A  sad  Warning  to  all 
malignant  Spirits,  showing  the  fearful  Judgements  that 
fell  on  several  Persons  for  speaking  contemptuously  of 
Roundheads.  Five  Examples  of  fearful  Judgements  on 
profane  and  malignant  Spirits,  who  reproached  true  Pro- 
testants with  the  name  of  Roundheads.  London :  1642." 

^  In  justice  to  Mr.  Donovan,  I  must  state  that 
his  account  of  the  head  is  the  only  one  I  have 
seen  deserving  of  any  attention.  He  tells  us 
that  the  coronal  region  has  been  sawn  off  and 
replaced.  ^  Of  course  it  had  been  taken  off,  in 
the  operation  of  embalming,  to  remove  the  brain, 


*   Gent's.  Mag. 

t  See  Gent:s  Mag.  and  Ann.  Register  for  several  par- 
ticulars of  the  "  Museum  Lottery." 


and  replaced  afterwards.  But  it  is  really  strange, 
that  not  one  of  the  believers  in  the  Wilkinson 
head  has  ever  wondered  how  this  small,  loose 
piece  of  skull  has  been  preserved  during  the  many 
rude  vicissitudes  the  head  has  passed  through  — 
the  raising  from  the  grave,  identification  of  the 
body,  the  dragging  from  the  coffin,  the  hanging 
on  the  gibbet,  the  chopping  off  of  the  head,  the 
spiking,  the  long  position  over  Westminster  Hall, 
the  blowing  down,  the  hurried  grasp  of  the  soldier 
in  a  dark  night  — wonderful,  miraculous  to  relate, 
after  all  this  contemptuous  buffeting,  the  coronal 
region  is  still  in  its  place !  —  "  Credat  Judaeus 
Apella."  The  wildest  legend  of  saintly  relic  must 
pale  its  ineffectual  fires  before  the  Wilkinson  head 
of  Cromwell. 

T.  B.,  as  a  proof  of  the  genuine  character  of 
the  head,  says,  "  it  is  not  offered  to  us  by  a  show- 
man to  make  money,  nor  by  any  enthusiastic 
antiquary  "  —  an  observation,  however  uncompli- 
mentary to  antiquaries,  no  doubt  strictly  correct. 
The  relic-collector  is  not  an  antiquary,  in  any 
sense  of  the  word ;  the  old  race  of  miscalled  an- 
tiquaries has  utterly  disappeared,  archaeology  has 
become  a  science,  and  most  of  its  darker  problems 
can  be  solved  with  nearly  mathematical  certainty. 
No  antiquary,  on  the  evidence  adduced,  could 
for  an  instant  entertain  the  idea  that  the  head 
was  Cromwell's.  Simple  common-sense  alone, 
without  any  antiquarian  acquirements,  is  quite 
sufficient  to  decide  the  question  in  this  manner. 
If  the  head  be  that  of  Cromwell,  according  to  the 
showing  of  its  advocates,  it  must  have  lain  in  the 
grave  for  about  a  year  and  a  half,  it  then  hung 
upon  a  gibbet  for  a  day,  and  next  it  remained 
upon  a  spike  over  Westminster  Hall  till  the  latter 
end  of  James  the  Second's  reign,  when  it  was 
blown  down,  through  the  wooden  pole  that  sup- 
ported the  spike  becoming  decayed.  Now,  con- 
tinues common-sense,  no  head  could  have  with- 
stood the  summer's  sun  and  winter's  storms  of 
twenty-eight  *  years  in  this  variable  climate,  and 
be  ultimately  capable  of  identification.  Grant  it 
was  embalmed  —  tanned  even  if  you  will  —  nay, 
if  it  had  been  carved  in  the  very  stone  of  the 
great  building  now  adjoining  Westminster  Hall, 
the  distinctive  features  would,  in  twenty-eight 
years,  have  been  completely  obliterated.  It  really 
is  pitiable  to  read  of  an  argument  (p.  180)  at- 
tempted to  be  founded  on  the  colour  of  hair  after 
a  bleaching  exposure  to  the  elements  of  twenty- 
eight  years.  But  the  acme  of  absurdity  is  reached 
by  T.  B.  When  I  conclusively  showed  by  Dr. 
Bate's  post  mortem  report  on  the  Protector's  body, 


*  At  the  lowest  computation,  for  some  accounts  state 
that  the  head  was  blown  down  in  the  great  storm  of 
1704,  thus  giving  an  exposure  of  more  than  forty  years. 
Defoe,  however,  gives  an  exceedingly  minute  detail  of 
the  mischief  done  by  this  storm,  and  never  mentions 
anything  about  Cromwell's  head. 


3'd  S.  V.  APRIL  9,  '64] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


307 


that  an  embalmed  head  could  not  be  that  of  Crom- 
well, I  receive  the  astounding  reply,  that  the 
head  was  "  no  doubt  embalmed  before  death  "  ! !  ' 
This  mode  of  setting  aside  Dr.  Bate's  evidence  is 
what  Dick  Svviveller  would  have  called  "  a  stag- 
o-erer "  ;  and  I  can  only  reply  in  the  words  of 
Macbeth,— 

" .    .    .    .    The  times  have  been, 

That,  when  the  brains  were  out,  the  man  would  die, 

And  there  an  end." 
It  seems  now,  that  the  case  is  altered, — 

"  Tempora  mutantur,  nos  et  mutamur  in  illis." 

To  conclude  seriously.  I  natter  myself  that  I 
have  finally  disposed  of  the  Protectoral  preten- 
sions of  the  Wilkinson  head ;  and  I  shall  have  no 
more  to  say  of  it,  as  a  head  of  Cromwell.  But  as 
it  is  by  no  means  an  ordinary  head,  as  it  has  a 
very  curious  tragi- comical  history  of  its  own,  I 
shall,  at  a  future  period,  with  the  permission  of 
the  Editor,  take  the  liberty  of  letting  Mr.  Wil- 
kinson know  whose  head  it  really  is  that  he  pos- 
sesses. WILLIAM  PINKERTON. 

Hounslow. 

ANONYMOUS  CONTRIBUTIONS  TO  "  N.  &  Q." 
(3rd  S.  v.  238.)  —  Doubtless  the  names  of  some  of 
your  contributors  give  weight  to  their  communi- 
cations. But  in  some  instances,  such  would  not 
be  the  case,  and  the  anonymous  contributors  them- 
selves must  be  supposed  to  be  the  best  judges.  I 
would  suggest  that  the  value  of  all  contributions, 
whether  anonymous  or  avowed,  would  be  greatly 
increased  by  each  contributor  giving,  when  prac- 
ticable, the  authority  upon  which  his  statements 
are  made,  so  that  any  reader  may  have  the  oppor- 
tunity of  satisfying  himself  of  their  correctness  or 
authenticity,  and  of  judging  what  weight  is  due  to 
them.  An  anonymous  and  unsupported  statement 
of  facts  is  of  little,  if  any,  value.  J. 

This  question  has  two  sides  to  it.  The  anonymous 
are  probably  contained,  or  nearly  contained,  in 
three  classes:  1.  Those  who  have  a  feeling  —  a 
stronger  thing  than  a  reason — against  being  known. 
2.  Those  who  have  a  reason,  either  in  their  official 
positions,  in  their  relations  to  the  facts  they  state, 
&c.  3.  Those  who  write  with  their  names  when 
they  desire  to  give  the  authority  of  their  names, 
and  expressly  desire  to  avoid  giving  that  autho- 
rity where  they  feel  that  their  knowledge  of  the 
subject  cannot  justify  them  in  employing  their 
personal  influence.  If  it  were  a  certainty  that  all 
these  parties  would  communicate,  in  any  case, 
there  would  perhaps  be  no  harm  in  pressing  pub- 
licity upon  them.  But  the  real  question  is  this : 
should  an  opinion  gain  ground  that  all  communi- 
cations ought  to  be  onymous,  would  those  who 
now  contribute  anonymously  add  their  names,  or 

[*  Clearly  a  slip  of  the  pen  for  "before  burial,"  and 
which  should  have  been  corrected.— Ei>.] 


would  they  cease  to  communicate?  I  suspect 
that  a  majority  would  choose  the  second  alterna- 
tive, to  the  great  disadvantage  of  the  work.  The 
anonymous  communicator  has  no  authority  until 
he  gains  it  by  the  value  of  his  communications  : 
this  is  one  of  the  arguments  adduced  in  favour  of 
avowed  articles.  Is  this  really  in  favour  of  avowal, 
or  against  it  ?  The  answer  is  one  thing  for  one 
reader,  another  for  another  :  it  depends  upon  the 
manner  in  which  authority  is  allowed  to  act.  It 
must  be  remembered  that  so  far  as  a  note  or  re- 
ply is  only  indicative  or  suggestive,  it  matters 
nothing  what  signature  is  employed.  On  the 
whole,  let  things  remain  as  they  are  :  and  I  give 
this  recommendation  the  more  confidently  because 
I  am  persuaded  things  will  remain  as  they  are, 
whether  or  no.  It  is  always  in  the  power  of  any 
one  who  has  a  good  reason,  to  communicate  that 
reason  to  the  contributor  through  the  editor,  and 
to  ask  the  contributor  to  allow  himself  to  be 
privately  named.  From  the  notices  to  corre- 
spondents, I  should  judge  that  the  editor  himself 
does  not  always  know  who  the  contributor  is.  If 
so,  I  should  certainly  recommend  the  adoption  of 
the  plan  followed  by  many  newspapers,  which 
never  print  anything  without  being  in  private 
possession  of  the  writer's  name.  A.  DE  MORGAN. 

QUOTATION  (3rd  S.  v.  260.)—  I  have  a  reference 
to  the  quotation  from  Euripides,  which  runs 
thus:  "  27rapT7jj/  eAa^es,  Keivijv  Kocr/J.€iy"  (Tel.,  fr. 
xx.  1)  ;  but  not  having  the  complete  works  of 
Euripides  at  hand,  I  cannot  verify  it. 

J.  EASTWOOD. 

[We  are  greatly  obliged  to  our  correspondent,  and, 
availing  ourselves  of  the  clue  which  he  has  thus  afforded 
us,  have  found  the  passage  from  Euripides  as  cited  by 
Stoba3us,  xxxix.  10  :  — 


~5,ira.pTt}v 

Tas  5e  Mv/frji/as  ^/wets  iSlq. 

On  this  passage  Wagner  remarks,  in  his  Fragmenta 
Eltripidis,  "  Agamemnonem  loqui  liquet.  —  Primum  vm. 
qui  in  proverbium  abiit,  prsebent  etiam  Plut.  De  Tranqu. 
An.  13,  De  Exsil  8,  Cic.  Ad  Att.  iv.  6,  i.  sq.,  et  Dioge- 
nian.  viii.  18,  sed  praeter  Diogenianum  TOVTOJ/  pro  /cetVr/j/ 
habent."  Since  writing  the  foregoing,  we  have  received 
the  following  communications  from  MK.  DAVIES  and 
A.  G.  S.  of  Oxford.] 

If  you  have  not  received  any  other  communica- 
tion, furnishing  your  readers  with  the  whereabout 
in  Euripides  of  the  above  famous  proverbial  ex- 
pression, I  may  direct  them  to  the  23rd  Fragment 
of  the  Telephus  of  Euripides  (page  112  of  the 
Fragments  at  the  end  of  the  Poetce  Scenici  Orceci 
of  Dindorf,  ed.  1830).  There  I  find  two  dimeter 
anapaests  — 


To?  8e 


308 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


.  V.  APRIL  9,  '64. 


which  may  reasonably  be  supposed  to  be  words  of 
Agamemnon  to  the  younger  Atrides.  They  are 
cited  from  Stobaeus,  37,  p.  226,  and  occur  in  the 
Collection  of  Proverbs,  by  Diogenianus,  cent.  viii. 
18.  I  have  not  Plutarch's  Moralia,  but  probably 
the  passage  from  Plutarch  would  be  found  there. 
Dindorf  says  that  the  proverb  ^irdpririv  eAax«,  K-r'*' 
is  to  be  found  there,  p.  602,  6. 

JAMES  BANKS  DAVIES. 
Moor  Court,  March  28,  1864. 

"  Siraprcw  eAax«*  neivav  K.6ffp.ei' 
Tas  Se  Mvictivas  Vets  tSia  .   .   .  ." 

Eur.  Telephi  Fragm.  (Cf.  Fragm.  Trag.  Grcec. 
Nauck,  §  722.  p.  461.   Leipsig,  1856.) 

Erasmus  (Adag.  p.  638,  ed.  Wechel,  1643)  seems 
to  think  that  they  were  the  words  of  Agamemnon 
to  Menelaus.  [Gael.  Aurel.  Tard.,  4,  9,  init.  — 
"  Cum  nullus  cupiditati  locus,  nulla  satietatis  spes 
est,  singidis  Sparta  non  sufficit  sua.  Loquitur  de 
viris  mollibus,  qui  propter  libidinem  nounullis 
corporis  partibus  obscene  abutuntur."] 

The  proverb  seems  to  be  derived  from  a  use  of 
the  Greek  word  a-irapri],  -rjs,  which  meant  a  rope 
made  of  a  kind  of  broom  (Funis.  sparteus).  But 
funiculus  (and  the  Hebrew  ??2)  was  used  to  sig- 
nify a  portion  of  land  measured  by  an  extended 
rope ;  and  hence  came  to  be  applied  to  land  left 
to  an  heir.  And  so  the  proverb  means,  that  every 
man  should  adorn  the  station  of  life  in  which  he 
is  placed,  i.  e.  be  content  with  that  station.  So 
Hieronymus  (Ep.  2,  ad  Nepotian.}  says :  "  Si 
autem^  ego  pars  Domini  sum,  et  funiculus  heredi- 
tatis  ejus,  nee  accipio  partem  inter  ceteras  tribus, 
habens  yictum  et  vestitum,  his  contentus  ero." 

This  is  the  explanation  given  by  the  dictionary 
of  Facciolati  and Forcellini,  s. v.  "Sparta."  There 
are  many  forms  of  the  proverb,  all  of  which  may 
be  seen  by  a  reference  to  the  passage  in  .Nauck's 
Fragm.  Trag.  Gra>c.  (Cf.  Cic.  ad  Att.,  i.  20,  3  : 
'Earn  quam  mihi  dicis  obtigisse  Zvdprav,  lion 
modo  nunquam  deseram,  sed  etiam,"  &c.) 

A    Gr    S 

C.  C.  C.  Oxford. 

ELMA  (3rd  S.  v.  97.)  —  Lady  Elma  de  Ruse  is  a 
character  in  Miss  Hawkins's  Countess  and  Ger- 
trude, published  early  in  this  century,  therefore 
the  name  is  not  of  recent  fabrication.  I  suppose 
it  is  the  feminine  of  St.  Elmo.  I  think  it  occurs 
m  Blomfieid's  Norfolk.  F.  C.  B. 

HUGH  BRANHAM,  M.A.  (3rd  S.  v.  212,  271.) 
We  wish  to  add  to  our  reply  respecting  Hugh 
Branham,  that  he  was  matriculated  as  a  sizar  °of 
St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  Nov.  12,  1567, 
proceeded  B.A.  1569-70,  commenced  M.A.  1573, 
and  became  B.D.  1581. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

PARISH  REGISTERS:  TOMBSTONES  AND  THEIR 
lNSCfiipTIONs  (3rd  S.  iv.  226,  317 ;  v.  78.)— It  has 


been  well  said,  by  a  writer  of  another  nation,  "  le 
meilleur  moyen  d'interesser  les  vivans,  c'est  d'etre 
pieux  a  Tegard  des  morts."  Englishmen  have 
never  been  indifferent  to  the  memory  of  their  fore- 
fathers ;  and  the  suggestions  and  strictures  of  your 
correspondents  will  meet,  it  is  to  be  hoped,  with 
that  attention  which  the  subject  mooted  by  them 
so  well  deserves.  Universal  concurrence  on  the 
part  of  individuals  is  scarcely  to  be  expected; 
but  the  good  will  shown  by  MR.  HUTCHINSON  will 
no  doubt  be  followed  by  many  others.  Still  the 
subject  ought  to  be  considered  a  national  one,  and 
taken  up  in  the  spirit  which  led  Sir  John  Romilly 
to  propose  the  publication  of  our  national  records, 
a  most  patriotic  proposal,  which  met  with  so 
ready  a  response,  and  has  been  followed  by  such 
valuable  results.  And  let  not  the  work  be  con- 
fined to  one  part  of  the  empire,  but  embrace  Scot- 
land and  Ireland  also.  Surely  among  the  readers 
of  "  N".  &  Q."  there  will  be  found  some  M,P.  who 
will  submit  the  undertaking  to  the  wisdom  of 
the  legislature,  and  leave  no  means  untried  for  its 
adoption.  SCOTUS. 

ON  WIT  (3rd  S.  v.  162.)  —  Pope,  in  his  Essay 
on  Criticism,  uses  the  word  wit  upwards  of  eighty 
times  with  the  following  distinct  significations, 
viz.  —  1.  Men  of  talent,  especially  poets,  lines  36, 
45,  159,  517,  &c.  ;  2.  Poetic  genius  and  its  result, 
poetry,  80,  302,  652  ;  3.  Intellectual  ability,  53, 
61  ;  4.  Judgment,  259;  5.  Conceits,  &c.,  292,  303  ; 
6.  The  unexpected  and  ludicrous  association  of 
ideas  —  the  modern  sense,  421,  447,  607,  &c. 

SAMUEL  NEIL. 

JAMES  GUMMING,  F.S.A.  (3rd  S.  v.  212.)— 

"Died,  Jan.  23  [1827],  at  Lovell  Hill  Cottage,  Berks, 
James  Camming,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  and  late  of  the  Office  of 
the  Board  of  Commissioners  for  the  Affairs  of  India."  — 
See  Gent.  Mag.  for  1827,  Part  1. 


WILLIAM  LILLINGTON  LEWIS  (3rd  S.  v.  241.)  — 
In  reply  to  S.  Y.  R.,  who  seeks  through  your 
columns  more  particulars  respecting  W.  L. 
Lewis,  translator  of  Statius,  and  sometime  "  first 
usher  "  of  Repton  school,  I  beg  to  refer  him  to 
p.  271-2,  of  Dr.  Robt.  Bigsby's  quarto  History  of 
Repton,  published  in  1854.  It  will  be  gathered 
thence  that  Mr.  Lewis  quitted  Repton  under 
somewhat  awkward  circumstances,  having,  in 
point  of  fact,  been  bought  out  of  his  ushership 
for  5QL  Dr.  Bigsby  refers  to  a  contemporary 
Diarist,  who  records  that  Mr.  Lewis's  departure 
gave  "  great  joy  to  all  who  were  under  him."  As 
to  his  translation  of  Statius,  any  one  who  will 
take  the  pains  to  compare  it  with  the  original, 
and  the  1st  book  with  the  translation  of  Pope, 
will,  1  am  sure,  be  struck  with  its  poorness  and 
inferiority. 

At  the  beginning  of  this  year  I  was  led  care- 
fully to  examine  the  translation  of  the  1st  Book 


3"i  S.  V.  APRIL  9,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


309 


by  Mr.  Lewis  with  that  of  Pope  (which  is  itsel 
often  loose  and  faulty),  but  I  came  to  the  conclu 
sion  that  he  was  not  more  fitted  for  the  office  of ; 
poetical  translator  than  he  seems  to  have  been  fo 
that  of  first  usher. 

I  cannot  just  now  lay  my  hands  on  my  notes 
or  I  could  justify  these  remarks  by  passages  which 
I  transcribed.  Lowndes,  in  his  Bibliographers 
Manual,  rightly  characterises  the  translation  as  a 
poor  performance.  I  should  add  that,  as  an  olc 
Reptonian,  I  could  wish  it  had  been  possible  to 
speak  otherwise  of  the  work  of  one  of  its  Masters 
JAMES  BANKS  DAVIES. 

A.  E.  I.  O.  U.  (3rd  S.  v.  222.)  —  These  vowels 
were  adopted  as  a  device  by  Frederick,  Emperor 
of  Germany,  who  was  elected  in  1424,  and  from 
the  period  of  whose  election  the  imperial  succes- 
sion, though  contested,  has  been  uninterruptedly 
in  the  House  of  Austria.  Frederick  was  an  al- 
chymist,  an  astrologer,  and  a  believer  in  magic 
He  died  at  the  age  of  eighty -three,  of  a  surfeit  of 
melons,  after  reigning  fifty-three  years.  In  his 
reign  the  vowels  figured  on  government  build- 
ings, regimental  flags,  on  the  backs  of  imperial 
books,  and  even  on  the  handles  of  the  emperor's 
spoons.  They  were,  for  a  time,  a  puzzle;  but  the 
following  triple  interpretation  of  them  was  made 
for  the  benefit  of  the  perplexed :  — 

Austria     TT^st  Tinperare      /~\rbi  f  yniverso 

lies          |J  rdreich       I  st  I  lesterreich      I     ntherthan 

ustria     -l->ver  imperial      \J  ver  U  niverse. 

J.  DORAN. 

It  was  Frederick  III.  of  Germany  who  mysti- 
fied the  world  by  inscribing  "  A.  E.  I.  O.  U." 
upon  his  belongings.  After  his  death,  the  solution 
of  the  riddle  was  found  amongst  his  papers.  MR. 
WOODWARD  has  given  us  the  Latin  and  German 
versions  of  the  arrogant  legend.  It  has  been 
done  into  English  as  follows  :  "  Austria's  .Empire 
/s  Overall  Universal."  ST.  SWITHIN. 

QUOTATION  WANTED  :  EVANDER'S  ORDER  (3rd 
S.  v.  174.)— The  lines  ascribed  to  Dr.  W.  King 
are  not  in  Nichols's  edition  of  his  works.  London, 
1776,  3  vols.  8vo.  I  do  not  know  their  author. 

"Evander's  Order,"  I  think,  is  in  the  JEneid, 
lib.  viii.  1.  273  :  — 

"  Quare  agite,  0  juvenes,  tantarum  in  munere  lauduin 
Cingite  fronde  comas,  et  pocula  porgite  dextris, 
Communemque  vacate  deum,  et  date  vina  volentes." 

It  is  given  after  a  rather  long  story,  but  also 
after  dinner  — 

'  Postquam  exempta  fames  et  amor  compressus  edendi, 
Rex  Evandrus  ait,  &c.,— 

and  must  have  been  acceptable  to  those  who  had 
fed  "  perpetui  tergo  bovis  et  lustralibus  extis  "  — 
the  last  dish  being  probably  as  nasty  as  haggis. 

H."B.  c. 

OGHAMS  (3rd  S.  v.  110,  145.) —  The  first  au- 
thority as  to  Ogham  inscriptions  is  Professor 


Graves  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin.  I  believe 
there  is  a  published  explanation  of  the  Oghamic 
alphabet.  DR.  MOORE  should  write  to  Professor 
Graves,  who  can  probably  tell  him  about  the 
Newton  stone,  and  at  the  same  time  admit  him  to 
the  Oghamic  mysteries.  Such  a  keen  antiquary 
as  the  Professor  would  no  doubt  feel  a  pleasure  in 
rendering  assistance.  Should  DR.  MOORE  decline 
writing  to  the  Professor,  I  will  endeavour  to  pro- 
cure an  answer  as  to  the  Oghamic  alphabet. 

J.  TOMBS. 

ENIGMA  (3rd  S.  v.  153,  199.)— The  following 
enigma  was  proposed  for  solution  at  the  first  of 
the  above  references  :  — 

"  Quinque  sumus  fratres,  sub  eodem  tempore  nati , 
Bini  barbati,  sine  crine  creati, 
Quintus  habet  barbam,  sed  tamen  dimidiatam." 

At  the  second  reference  appeared  the  solution,  by 
which  it  appears  that  the  calyx  of  a  rose  was  de- 
signated by  these  lines.  But  what  I  have  to 
object  to,  is  not  the  answer  to  the  enigma,  but 
the  translation  of  the  words  bini  barbati.  I  ob- 
serve that  all  the  three  translations  suppose  the 
second  line  to  mean  that  two  of  the  five  brothers 
only  had  beards.  Moreover,  all  of  them  repre- 
sent two  others  as  beardless.  Surely  this  is  neither 
the  meaning  of  the  Latin,  nor  the  proper  descrip- 
tion of  the  calyx. 

"  Bini  barbati,  sine  crine  creati," 

I  take  to  mean  that  two  and  two,  that  is  four  in 
all,  have  beards,  but  no  hair.  If  bini  meant  only 
two,  the  verse  would  contain  no  description  at  all 
of  the  other  two,  but  jump  at  once  to  the  descrip- 
tion of  the  fifth,  which  would  be  unusual  and 
unsatisfactory.  Bini  signifies  two  and  two,  as  terni 
means  three  and  three.  The  enigma  then,  as  I  un- 
derstand it,  means  that  each  two,  that  is,  four  of 
the  brothers  had  beards.  Thus  Terence  says  in 
bis  Phormio :  "  Ex  his  praediis  talenta  argenti 
bina  statim  capiebat,"  meaning  that  from  each 
farm  he  received  two  talents,  of  course  four  in  all. 
But  our  translators  have  assumed  what  the  enigma 
does  not  say,  that  two  others  of  the  five  were 
smooth  and  beardless.  This  is  neither  the  sense 
f  the  verse,  nor  the  true  description  of  the  calyx 
of  a  rose,  which  will  be  found  to  consist  of  four 
ringed,  or  bearded  divisions,  and  one  with  a  little 
fringe  on  one  side  only,  which  the  enigma  de- 
scribes as  half  bearded — barbam  dimidiatam. 

F.  C.  H. 

FITZ-JAMES,  DUKE  OF  BERWICK,  AND  FITZ- 
JAMES,  ETC.  (3rd  S.  v.  202.)  —  The  following  are 
he  peerages  and  arms  of  the  present  family :  — 
3aron  Bosworth,  Earl  of  Finmouth,  and  Duke  of 
Berwick  in  England  (March  19,  1687)  ;  Duke  de 
Titz-James  in  France  (May,  1710)  ;  and  Duke  de 
"jeria  et  de  Xerica  in  Spain. 

The  arms  are,  1  and  4,  France  and  England 
uarterly ;  2.  Scotland ;  3.  Ireland,  all  within  a 


310 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[8**  S.  V.  APRIL  9,  '64. 


bordure  gobony,  az.  and  gu. ;  the  azure  pieces 
charged  with  a  fleur-de-lis  of  France,  the  gules 
with  a  lion  of  England.  The  supporters  are  a 
lion  and  a  griffon,  both  proper,  and  reguardant. 
Mottoes  :  "  Ortu  et  honore,"  and  u  1689,  Semper 
et  ubique  fidelis,  1789."  J.  WOODWARD. 

New  Shorehavn. 

WITTY  CLASSICAL  QUOTATIONS  (2nd  S.  ix.  x.  xi. 
passim.)  — 

"  If  the  traditionary  story  be  true,  there  was  one  young 
scholar,  whose  wit  and  readiness  deserved  a  purse  of  gold 
better  than  Master  Coryatt's  oration.  Her  Majesty 
(Queen  Elizabeth,  on  a  visit  to  Winchester  school  in  1570) 
pleasantly  asked  him  if  he  had  ever  made  acquaintance 
with  that  celebrated  rod,  whose  fame  had  reached  even 
her  royal  ears.  Both  the  question  and  the  questioner 
would  have  embarrassed  most  schoolboys,  but  he  replied 
by  an  admirable  quotation  from  Virgil — a  familiar  line, 
which  the  Queen  was  like  enough  to  have  understood  — 

*  Infandum,  regina,  jubes  renovare  dolorem.' 
It  is  very  ungrateful  of  the  Wykehamists  not  to  have 
preserved  his  name." — Blaekwood  for  Jan.  1864,  p.  71 
(article  on  "  Winchester  College  and  Commoners.") 

E.  H.  A. 

ROYAL  CADENCY  (3rd  S.  v.  213.)  —  FITZ-JOHN 
will  find  the  information  he  requires  in  Boutell's 
Heraldry,  Historical  and  Popular,  whence  I  ex- 
tract the  following  answers  to  his  queries  :  — 

1.  Lionel  bore  various  differences,  but  that 
known  as  his  special  cognisance  appears  to  have 
been  a  label  arg.,  on  each  point  a  canton  gu. 
This  seems  to  have  been  afterwards  known  as  the 
Label  of  Clarence. 

2.  John  of  Gaunt  bore  a  label  of  three  points 
ermine.      "This,"   says   Mr.   Boutell,    "may  be 
blazoned  *  of  Brittany,"1  having  been  derived  from 
the  ermine  canton  borne  by  John  de  Dreux,  Count 
[?  Duke]  of  Brittany  and  Earl  of  Richmond,  on 
whose  death,  in  1342,  the  Earldom  of  Richmond 
was  conferred  by  Edward  III.  on  his  infant  son 
Prince  John." 

3.  Richard  Earl  of  Cambridge,  a  label  of  three 
points  arg.,  charged  on  each  point  with  three  tor- 
teaux. 

4.  Richard  Duke  of  York,  a  Label  of  York,  as 
his  father. 

5.  George,  Duke^  of  Clarence,  a  Label  of  Clar- 
ence, the  same  as  Lionel. 

6.  I  do  not  find  any  notice  of  Margaret's  label ; 
but  her  brother  Edward,  Earl  of  Warwick,  bore  a 
Label  of  Beaufort,  componee  arg.  and  az.     She 
would  probably  use  the  same.      HERMENTRUDE. 

MESCHINES  (3rd  S.  iv.  401 ;  v.  164.)  —  Some 
account  of  the  paternal  ancestors  of  Rannulph, 
called  by  English  antiquaries  De  Meschines, 
Earl  of  Chester,  is  to  be  found  in  the  introduc- 
tion to  Stapleton's  Rolls  of  the  Exchequer  of  Nor- 
mandy (1848).  I  have  not  the  work  at  hand  to 
refer  to,  but  from  notes  that  I  took  from  it  some 
time  ago,  I  find  that  the  Rannulph,  who  married 
Maud,  the  sister  of  Hugh  Lupus,  was  hereditary 


Vicomte  du  Besson,  his  father's  name  being  Ran- 
nulph, and  his  grandfather's  Anschitill.  I  am 
anxious  to  learn  more  of  this  Anschitill,  and 
should  be  glad  to  ascertain  whether  I  am  right  in 
supposing  that  the  estates  of  the  family  were  for- 
feited in  his  time,  and  afterwards  restored  to  his 
son. 

If  the  statement  above  ^iven  is  correct,  it  will 
be  seen  that  the  connection  with  any  such  person 
as  Walter  de  Espagne  must  be  more  remote  than 
LE  CHEVALIER  DU  CYGNE  supposes  it  to  be.  And 
while  on  this  subject  I  would  beg.  to  inquire  in 
what  manner,  if  at  all,  Ralph  de  Toeni  and  Wal- 
ter de  Espagne,  described  as  his  brother,  were  re- 
lated to  Robert  de  Todeni,  Lord  of  Belvoir.  It  is 
somewhat  singular  that  this  Robert's  grandson, 
William  de  Albini,  is  by  English  antiquaries 
commonly  styled  De  Meschines.  But  this  does  not 
imply  any  relationship  with  the  Earl  of  Chester. 
In  both  cases  the  real  appellation  was  Le  Mis- 
chin,  or  the  Younger ;  and  Robert  de  Todeni's 
grandson,  William  de  Albini,  was  so  called  to 
distinguish  him  from  his  father  William  de  Albini, 
the  elder  earl.  I  believe  it  is  not  known  how 
Robert  de  Todeni's  son  William  came  to  assume 
the  name  of  Albini.  Nor  have  I  ever  been  able 
to  ascertain  how  the  Albinis  of  this  family  came 
to  be  distinguished  by  the  appellation  of  Brito. 

P.  S.  CAREY. 

ARCHBISHOP  HAMILTON  (3rd  S.  v.  241.)  — For 
an  account  of  Archibald  Hamilton,  Archbishop  of 
Cashel,  E.  S.  M.  is  referred  to  Ware's  Bishops  of 
Ireland,  edited  by  Harris,  p.  486,  and  Cotton's 
Fasti  Ecdesia  Hibernicce  (Munster,  p.  14.)  Both 
these  authorities  give  1659  as  the  date  of  this  pre- 
late's death.  Is  1650  a  typographical  error  in 
your  correspondent's  query  ?  Thomas  Fulwar, 
who  succeeded  Hamilton  at  Cashel,  was  translated 
from  Ardfert  by  letters  patent,  dated  Feb.  1, 
1660. 

E.  S.  M.  asks,  "  Can  anyone  give  me  any  infor- 
mation as  to  this  Irishman's  doings  in  Sweden  ?  " 
Why  does  he  call  him  an  Irishman  ?  The  fact 
that  he  was  an  Irish  bishop  would  be  a  presump- 
tion against  his  being  an  Irishman.  Ware  says 
that  he  was  a  native  of  Scotland,  and  D.D.  of  the 
University  of  Glasgow.  It  is  probable  that  he 
fled  from  Ireland  to  escape  the  dangers  of  the 
Irish  Rebellion  of  1641 ;  but  if  he  survived  to 
1659,  where  was  he,  and  what  was  he  doing  all 
that  time  ?  and  what  brought  him  to  Sweden  ?  I 
should  be  very  glad  to  have  an  answer  to  these 
questions. 

Would  E.  S.  M.  kindly  say  where  he  found  the 
facts  he  has  stated,  that  Archbishop  Hamilton  \vas 
buried  at  Upsal  in  the  year  1650  (?),  and  in  the 
same  tomb  with  the  first  Protestant  Archbishop  of 
Upsal  ?  JAMES  H.  TODD. 

Trin.  Coll,  Dublin. 


3r<i  S.  V.  APRIL  9,  '64.  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


311 


TOWT,  TOWTER  (3rd  S.  v.  211.)  — The  word 
tout  or  toot  is  probably  from  the  Dutch  toeten,  to 
blow  a  horn  (toeter,  a  winder  of  a  horn,  toothoorn, 
bugle-horn),  evidently  derived  by  onomatopoeia. 
I  take  it  that  originally  your  touter  wound  his 
horn  to  attract  customers.  Again,  Tothill  may 
mean  the  place  where  the  hounds  met. 

R.  S.  CHABNOCK. 

^ENIGMA,  BY  THE  EARL  OF  SURREY  (3rd  S.  v. 
55,  103,  145.)— Amongst  various  old  pamphlets 
and  periodicals  in  my  library,  I  chanced  to  pick 
out  one,  now  lying  before  me,  and  bearing  the 
following  title :  — 

"  Thesaurus  ^Enigmaticus ;  or  a  Collection  of  the  most 
ingenious  and  diverting  ^Enigmas  or  Riddles.  The  whole 
being  designed  for  universal  Entertainment ;  and  in  par- 
ticular for  the  exercise  of  the  Curious.  To  which  is  pre- 
fix'd  a  Preface,  and  a  Discourse  of  ./Enigmas  in  general. 
London,  printed  for  John  Wilford,  in  Little  Britain. 
1725." 

This  work  is  in  three  parts ;  the  first  occupies 
30  pages ;  the  second  part,  printed  in  1726,  ends 
at  p.  68  ;  and  the  third  part,  also  printed  in  1726, 
goes  to  p.  105,  and  finishes  the  work. 

In  the  first  part,  p.  5,  of  this  work  is  printed 
as  "  ^Enigma  5 ;  called  the  Earl  of  Surrey's 
Riddle,"  an  exact  copy  of  the  one  inserted  ante, 
p.  55.  In  the  second  part  of  the  Thesaurus 
JEnigmaticus  is  given,  or  professed  to  be  given,  a 
solution  of  the  enigmas  contained  in  the  first  part 
of  it ;  and  to  that  of  No.  5,  the  following  is  given  : 

"  No.  5.  Some  think  it  one  thing,  some  another ;  for 
my  part,  I  own  myself  partly  of  the  sentiments  of  an 
honourable  Person,  who  believes  that  it  refers  much  to 
Cowley's  verses :  — 

•  Thou  Thing  of  subtle  slippery  kind, 
Which  Women  lose,  and  yet  no  Man  can  find.' 

And  as  the  Lady  had  it  not  to  give,  I  suppose  she 
pretended  at  least  to  give  it  him,  to  make  the  blessing 
the  greater." 

From  this  equivocal  solution  of  the  riddle,  one 
may  conclude  it  was  not  over-modest. 

D.  W.  S. 

ARMS  WANTED  (3rd  S.  v.  239.)— I  have  a  note 
oi  two  shields,  each  of  which  bears  much  re- 
semblance to  that  inquired  after  by  C.  J.  Neither 
of  them  correspond  in  tinctures :  — 

"  Duos  truncos  evulsos  in  dccussim  trajectos  nigros  in 
argentea  parma.  STUMPF  DE  TETTINGEX  Rhen.  §•  Franc, 
patnt.  Itidem  nigros,  sed  utrinque  refectos,  simili  situ  in 
aurea  parma.— BIRCICEN,  Insignium  T/ieoria,  Autore  Phil. 
Jac.  Spener.  Francf.  ad  Mcenvm.  MDOXC.  p.  260." 

I  remember  seeing  a  tray  with  arms  identical 

with,  or  exceedingly  like  those  inquired  after,  in 

•  shop  in  Doncaster  a  few  months  ago.     Circum- 

tances  hindered  me   from   examining  it   at  the 

me,  and  the  next  time  I  passed  it  was  gone. 

EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

Hottesford  Manor,  Brigg. 


BROWN  OF  COALSTON  (3rd  S.  v.  258.)  —  The 
following  extracts  from  the  Index  to  the  Retours 
of  the  Services  of  Heirs  in  Scotland,  may  possibly 
be  of  use  to  MR.  LEE. 

1.  On  April  26,  1604,  George  Broun  of  Cols- 
toun  was  served  heir  to  Patrick  Brown  of  Cols- 
toun, his  father  (observe  a  slight  difference  in  the 
spelling  of  the  surname)  in  the  lands  and  barony 
of  Colstoun  and  other  lands  in  the  constabulary 
of  Haddington. 

N.B.  Lands  situated  in  the  shire  of  Hadding- 
ton are  always  described  in  the  title-deeds  as 
lying  in  "  the  constabulary  of  Haddington  and 
county  of  Edinburgh." 

2.  On    October    31,   1616,    George   Broun    of 
Colstoun  was  served  heir  in  general  to  Elizabeth 
Broun  —  his  sister-german  —  and 

3.  On   May   6,    1658,    Patrick   Broune    (sic), 
younger   of  Colstoun    was   served    heir    male    of 
George  Broune  Fiar  of  Colstoun,  his  immediate 
elder  brother,  in  the  same  lands  and  barony,  and 
other  lands. 

4.  On  October  4,  1677,  Patrick  Broun  of  Col- 
stoun   was   served   tutor-at-law   to    his   nephew, 
James    Broun,    son    of    Alexander    Broun,    his 
brother-german.  G. 

TRADE  WINDS  (3rd  S.  v.  259.)—  The  theory  of 
Galileo,  although  attempts  have  been  made  by 
Kamtz  and  Hadley  partially  to  revive  it,  has 
yielded  to  that  ofHalley  (Phil.  Trans,  xvi.),  which 
forms  the  basis  of  the  subsequent  labours  of 
Marsden,  Reid,  Maury,  Le  Verrier,  Fitzroy,  and 
others,  from  which  navigation  and  commerce  have 
i  derived  incalculable  benefit.  In  the  Companion 
to  the  British  Almanac  (1861,  p.  29),  there  is  a 
summary  of  the  recent  practical  applications  in 
meteorology  ;  and  more  detailed  information  on 
the  atmospheric  currents  will  be  found  in  Reid's 
Law  of  Storms  ^  Maury  's  Physical  Geography  of 
the  Sea,  and  in  Fitzroy'  s  Weather  Book. 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

CLARGES  (3rd  S.  v.  238.)  —  It  is  probable  that 
the  writer  of  the  letter,  printed  in  your  last  issue, 
was  Francis  Clarges,  M.P.  for  the  borough  of 
Tregony  in  the  Parliament  that  begun  April  25, 
1660.  There  was  a  double  election.  The  names 
stand  thus  in  the  list  of  Members  published  im- 
mediately atfer  the  returns  were  made  out  :  — 
"  Borough  of  Tregony. 


Will.  Tridinham,  Esq.,  by  anoth. 
Fr.  Clarges,  by  another." 

He  was  high  in  favour  with  the  Royalists.  On 
Monday,  Feb.  27,  1659  (60),  the  House  of  Com- 
mons conferred  upon  him  the  Hanaper  office,  be- 
cause he  was  a  friend  of  General  Monk,  Com. 
Jour.,  sub  die  ;  Whitelock,  2nd  edit.,  697. 

EDWARD  PEACOCK. 


312 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  V.  APRIL  9,  '64. 


AUTHORS  OF  HYMNS  (3rd  S.  v.  280.)— The  hymn 
(or  rather  stanzas)  beijinnin^  "Thou  God  of  love," 
is  in  a  book  called  The  Sheltering  Vine,  published 
some  time  ago  by  the  Countess  of  Southesk,  but  I 
have  it  not  here,  and  I  cannot  recollect  whether 
she  composed  or  only  edited  it.  I  think  the  latter. 

LYTTELTON. 

CHAPERON  (3rd  S.  v.  280.)— Can  STYLITES  find 
"  chaperoue  "  in  any  book  published  ten,  or  even 
five,  years  ago  ?  I  doubt  it.  It  is  an  ignorant 
barbarism,  and  corresponds  exactly  to  the  "  che- 
mis"  story  which  he  quotes.  LYTTELTON. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

Life  of  William,  Slake,  "  Pictor  Ignotus."    With  Selections 
from  his  Poems  and  other  Writings  by  the  late  Alexander 
Gilchrist,    of  the  Middle    Temple,    Barrister-at-Law, 
Author  of  the  Life  of  William  Etty,  R.A.      Illustrated 
from  Blake's  own  Works  in  Facsimile  by  W.  J.  Linton, 
and  in  Photo-lithography,  with  a  few  of  Blake's  original 
Plates.      In  two  volumes.    (Macnaillan.) 
This  book  fills  up  a  void  in  Art- Biography  which  has 
existed  far  too  long;  for  unfortunately  "  Pictor Ignotus  " 
is  an  epithet  too  justly  applied  to  the  remarkable  man 
whose  life  and  labours  form  the  subject  of  it.     "  At  the 
present  moment,  Blake  drawings  and  Blake  prints  fetch 
prices  which  would  have  solaced  a  life  of  penury,  had 
their  producer  received  them."    There  is  something  very 
melancholy  in  this  paragraph  from  the  opening  chapter 
of  the  book  before  us ;  and  when  one  reflects  that  this  is 
said  of  that  poet-painter  of  whom  Flaxman  declared  his 
poems  are  "  grand  as  his  pictures,"  it  strikes  one  as  still 
more  sad.     But  the  story  of  Blake's  strange,  visionary, 
wayward,  and  mystic  life  is  here  written  by  loving  hands, 
and  with  a  fulness  of  detail,  more  especially  with  regard 
to  his  works  of  poetry  and  art,  which  leave  little  to  be 
desired.    His  life  is  first  traced  step  by  step;   then  we 
have  a  valuable  selection  from  his  published  and  unpub- 
lished writings ;  and  these  are  followed  by  Catalogues  of 
his  Pictures,  Drawings,  and  Engravings ;  and  lastly,  in 
addition  to  many  striking  Illustrations  scattered  through 
the  two  volumes,  we  have  twenty-one  Photo-Lithographs 
from  Blake's  marvellous  (engraved)  designs,  The  Book  of 
Job,  and  sixteen  of  the  original  plates   of  his  Songs  of 
Innocence  and  Experience,   which  fitly  bring  to  a  close 
the  interesting  Memoir  of  this  original  and  neglected 
man  of  genius. 

An  Elementary  Text-Book  of  the  Microscope;  including  a 
Description  of  the  Methods  of  Preparing  and  Mounting 
Objects.       By  J.   W.   Griffiths,   M.D.       With    Twelve 
Coloured  Plates,  containing  451  Figures.     (Van  Voorst.) 
This  is  essentially  a  practical  book.     The  author  pre- 
sumes the  reader  to  have  had  no  previous  acquaintance 
with  the  microscope,  or  with  the  study  of  natural  his- 
tory; so  that  it  forms  an  introduction  to  both.    The 
subjects  are,  accordingly,  treated  in  scientific  order;  com- 
mencing with  an  explanation  of  the  principles  on  which 
the  action  of  the  microscope  depends.     Then  comes  a 
series  of  subjects  for  examination,  with  directions  how  to 
prepare,  mount,  and  examine  them.     When  we  add,  that 
the  book  is  produced  with  the  care  which  distinguishes 
all  Mr.  Van  Voorst's  publications,  it  will  be  seen  how 
valuable  a  contribution  this  is  to  beginners  of  micro- 
scopical studies. 


The  Student's  Manual  of  English  Literature.  A  History 
of  English  Literature.  By  Thomas  B.  Shaw,  M.A.  A 
New  Edition  enlarged  and  re- written.  Edited,  with 
Notes  and  Illustrations,  by  William  Smith,  LL.D. 
(Murray.) 

This  new  edition,  revised  and  completed  in  consequence 
of  Mr.  Shaw's  death  by  Dr.  Smith,  is  probably  the  most 
complete,  as  it  is  certainly  the  most  compact,  History  of 
English  Literature  which  has  yet  been  given  to  the 
public:  and  when  the  promised  accompanying  volume, 
forming  a  selection  of  choice  passages  from  the  authors 
included  in  the  present  book,  is  published,  they  will  to- 
gether form  a  perfect  resume"  of  the  subject. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose:  — 

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Any  early  HOKJK  B.  VIROINIS  of  the  smallest  size.! 

Wanted  by  Eev.  J.  C.  Jackson,  5,  Chatham  Place  East, 
Hackney,  N.E. 


ROMANCE  OP  THE  PEERAGE.    Hurst  and  Blackett. 

Wanted  by  Messrs.  Henningham  ff  Hollis,  5,  Mount  Street, 
Grosvenor  Square. 

The  copy  of  a  12rao.  volume,  entitled  ANTWERP,  published  by  Ollivier, 
Pall  Mall,  which  is  believed  to  have  been  sold  at  the  sale  of  the  library 
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he  will  confer  a  favour  on  F.  by  communicating  through  "  JN".  &  Q.," 
or  direct  to  Box,  No.  62,  Post  Office,  Derby. 


J.  W.  In  Thomas  Taylor's  Memoir  of  Bishop  Heber,  12mo,  1S36,  p. 
469,t«  is  stated,  that "  The  chaplain,  Mr.  Wright,  read  the  first  part  of  the 
service  at  the  funeral  of  Bishop  Heber." 

R.  S.  T.  The  vexed  question  of  the  Collar  ofSS.  has  been  discussed  in 
thirty  articles  in  our  First  Series. 

T.  B.  "  The  Lass  of  Richmond  Hill"  was  written  by  William  Upton. 
Vide  "  N.  &  Q."  2nd  S.  ii.  6;  xi.  207. 

R.  C.JENKINS.  The  ballad  has  been  printed,  as  a  folio  broadside.  It. 
is  entitled  "  An  excellent  Ballad  of  the  Lord  Mohun  and  Duke  Hamilton, 
with  an  exact  Account  of  their  Melancholy  Deaths."  It  makes  twenty- 
four  verses  of  four  lines  each. 

F.  G.  WADGH.  A  List  of  the  Poets-Laureat  is  aiven  in  Haydn's 
Dictionary  of  Dates,  edit.  1860,  and  in  Townsend's  Manual  of  Dates, 
1862.  Consult  also  Austin  and  Ralph's  Lives  of  the  Poets-Laureat,  8vo, 
1853. 

F.  W.  (Florence.)  The  tune  of  the  Adeste  Fideles  has  been  attributed 
to  two  different  composers,  namely,  John  Heading,  who  also  wrote  Dulce 
Domum,  and  to  Mr.  Thorley,  an  organist.  Vide  "  N.  &  Q."  2nd  S.  vii. 
173;  3rd  S.  i.  109. 

Answers  to  other  Correspondents  next  week. 

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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


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/GABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH   and 

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American  Mineral  Teeth,  beet  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
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^  HO  WARD,  SURGEON-DENTIST,  52, 
"LEET-STREET,  has  introduced  an  ENTIRELY  NEW 
IPT1ON  of  ARTIFICIAL  TEETH,  fixed  without  springs, 
wires,  or  ligatures.  They  so  perfectly  resemble  the  natural  teeth  as 
not  to  be  distinguished  from  the  originals  by  the  closest  observer  ;  they 
will  never  change  colour  or  decay,  and  will  be  found  superior  to  any 
teeth  ever  before  used.  This  method  does  not  require  the  extraction  of 
roots,  or  any  painful  operation,  and  will  support  and  preserve  teeth 
that  are  loose,  and  is  guaranteed  to  restore  articulation  and  mastica- 
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TTOLLOWAY'S  PILLS.— SOURCE  OF  STRENGTH. 

I    No  deep  philosophy  is  wanted  to  prove  that  health  and  vigour 

nil  upon  the  purity  ot  the  blood;  yet  how  few  act  upon  this  truth 

>areu  with  the  many  who  neglect  themselves  and  lay  the  f'ounda- 

lons  of  the  most  formidable  complaints,  when  a  few  doses  of  these 

purifying  pills  would  eive  them  instant  comfort  and  future  health. 

s  is  no  palliative  treatment,  but  the  most  searching  and 

lamental  means  of  redressing  all  wrongs  in  the  stomach,  liver, 

iclneys,  and  throughout  the  circulatory  and  nervous  systems.    Hol- 

loway  s  Pills  are  most  admirably  adapted  for  a  family  medicine,  since 

whJT£     yautMul,  delicate,  and  susceptible  may  fearlessly  take  them 

when  more  violent  measures  would  be  highly  dangerous. 


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in  which  its  Aperient  qualities  are  much  increased.  During  Hot 
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172,  New  Bond  Street,  London:  and  sold  by  all  respectable  Chemists 
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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  APRIL  9,  '64. 


NEW     EDITION", 

Partly  Re- written,  with  Portrait,  demy  8vo,  16s. 

THE 

LIFE    OF    GOETHE. 


BY 


GEORGE   HENRY  LEWES. 


"  Every  care  has  been  taken  to  give  the  work  its  greatest  value  in 
the  permanent  form  which  it  has  now,  we  presume,  attained.  As  it 
stands,  it  is,  we  think,  one  of  the  best  biographies  in  English  or  in  any 
other  language.  It  tells  the  story  of  the  life  it  has  to  describe  in  a 
simple,  sensible,  straightforward  way.  There  is  great  judgment  shown 

in  the  distribution  of  the  parts  and  in  the  space  allotted  to  each 

The  attitude  preserved  towards  his  hero  by  Mr.  Lewes  is  also  meri- 
torious beyond  the  usual  merits  of  biographers Nothing,  again, 

can  be  better  than  the  way  in  which  Mr.  Lewes  deals  both  with  the 
German  theorists  who  have  commented  on  Goethe's  writings,  and  with 
the  German  anecdote-mongers,  who  have  spun  out  volume  on  volume 
about  the  incidents  of  Goethe's  life."—- Saturday  Review. 

"  This  kingly  man,  the  greatest  of  the  immortal  brotherhood  of 
German  thinkers,  stands  before  us  in  Mr.  Lewes's  book  in  his  just 
proportions  and  character.  If  ever  there  were  an  honest  biography, 
this  is  one.  It  gives  us  Goethe  the  man,  as  he  lived  and  moved,  with 
all  his  greatness  and  failings,  his  marvellous  perfection  of  faculty,  and 
his  human  defects,  —  not  Goethe  the  demigod,  worshipped  at  ten 

thousand  German  altars Mr.  Lewes  has  re-written  the  greater 

part  of  the  work,  and  in  doing  so  has  taken  advantage  of  the  criticisms 
called  forth  by  the  first  edition  to  review  himself,  and  even  to  alter 
his  first  opinions  where,  upon  further  examination,  he  found  them 
erroneous.  The  work  is  now  the  honestest,  most  complete,  and  worthy 
memorial  of  Goethe  in  existence."— Daily  News. 

"  Mr.  Lewes's  biography  of  Goethe  may  be  said  to  have  now  defini- 
tively taken  its  place  among  the  classics  of  our  generation The 

great  ability  with  which  Mr.  Lewes  has  addressed  himself  to  his  task 
deserves  every  acknowledgement,  equally  with  the  success  which  has 
usually  attended  him In  one  very  important  respect  he  is  ad- 
mirably fitted  to  render  justice  to  Goethe.  He  thoroughly  apprehends 
the  lutter's  fundamental  doctrine  of  the  essential  unity  of  all  things. 
With  rare  powers  of  exposition,  he  has  known  how  to  treat  it  in  a 
popular  manner,  and  to  trace  it  out  through  its  numerous  scientific, 
ethical  and  aesthetic  ramifications.  Goethe's  researches  in  physical 
science  conduct  to  the  very  fountain-head  of  his  thought ;  and  the 
general  reader  has  great  reason  to  be  thankful  to  find  the  subject  in 
the  hands  of  so  lucid  and  competent  an  expositor  as  Mr.  Lewes,  who 
stands  almost  alone  in  the  combination  of  adequate  scientific  know- 
ledge with  the  more  ordinary  qualifications  of  a  biographer. "—Reader. 

"  In  addition  to  his  zeal  and  industry,  the  English  biographer  of 
Goethe  has  the  merit  of  being  a  most  agreeable  writer,  who  has,  more- 
over, thought  on  many  subjects,  and  knows  how  to  treat  them  in 
exactly  the  way  that  speaks  to  the  understanding  of  the  English 
reader.  Every  one  of  Goethe's  more  important  productions  is  not  only 
analysed,  but  criticised  in  the  freest  spirit;  yet  we  find  no  instance  of 
that  aberration  from  the  English  mode  of  thought  into  which  people 
are  so  often  betrayed  who  venture  on  the  regions  of  German  poetry  and 
philosophy."— Athenaeum. 

"  Few  writers  have  been  more  happy  in  the  choice  of  a  hero,  and 
few  men  of  genius  have  been  more  fortunate  in  a  biographer.  Mr. 
Lewes  has  painted  the  portrait  of  his  great  literary  idol  with  singular 
care,  detail,  and  devotion  ;  and  not  only  do  the  outward  lineaments  of 
the  renowned  German  poet  and  philosopher  stand  out  in  strong  relief, 
but  thoughts,  motives,  and  essential  genius,  usually  hidden  from  the 
superficial  observer,  are  accurately  photographed,  and  held  up  to  view 
for  analysis  and  scrutiny."— Press. 


SMITH,  ELDKK,  &  Co.,  65,  Cornhill. 


THE 


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I.—The  Hillyarg  and  the  Burtons  :  A  Story  of  Two  Families.    By 

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Chap,  xxiii.— James   Burton's   Story  :    The  Hillyara  aud  the 

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xxiv.— Homeward  Bound. 
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CONTENTS : — 
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II.  THE   SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN   MOVEMENT   IN  GER- 

MANY. 

III.  AGRICULTURE  IN  FRANCE. 

IV.  THE  BANK  CHARTER  ACT. 

V.  THE  PROGRESS  OF  CHEMICAL  SCIENCE. 
VI.  THACKERAY. 
VII.  INDIAN  EPIC  POETRY. 

VIII.  ASCETICISM  AMONG  MAHOMETAN  NATIONS. 
IX.  THE  COLONIZATION  OF  NORTHUMBRIA. 
X.  THE  RISE  OF  THE  ENGLISH  POOR-LAW. 
XI.  DR.  SMITH'S  BIBLICAL  DICTIONARY. 
XII.  CONFLICTS  WITH  ROME. 

XIII.  CONTEMPORARY  LITERATURE. 

XIV.  CURRENT  EVENTS. 

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JOHNSON'S  DICTIONARY  BY  DR.  R.  G.  LATHAM. 

Now  ready,  PARTS  I.  and  II.  to  be  continued  Monthly 
and  completed  in  36  Parts,  price  3*.  6d.  each,  forming 
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A  DICTIONARY  of  the  ENGLISH  LANGUAGE. 
-TJL  By  R.  G.  LATHAM,  M.A.  M.D.  F.R.S.  &c.  late  Fel- 
low of  King's  College,  Cambridge ;  Author  of  "  The 
English  Language,"  &c.  Founded  on  that  of  Dr.  SAMUKL 
JOHNSON,  as  edited  by  the  Rev.  H.  J.  TODD,  M.A.  With 
numerous  Emendations  and  Additions. 

"  The  promises  of  the  Prospectus 
are  well  kept.  Dr.  LATHAM  has 
collected  a  number  of  compara- 
tively new  words,  and  registered  a 
number  of  new  niennings,  or  shades 
of  meaning,  which  old  words  have 
rpcently  acquired,  illustrating  hoth 
by  apt  quotations  from  standard 


writers  of  our  own  day  ....  Dr. 
LATHAM'S  extensive  philological 
acquirements  undoubtedly  fit  him 
to  deal  with  JOHNSON'S  etymologies, 
in  many  respects  the  least  satis- 
factory ;  art  of  his  great  work." 
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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


313 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  APRIL  16,  1864. 


CONTENTS. —No.  120. 

NOTES:  — The  Danish  Warrior  to  his  Kindred,  313— "The 
Chaldee  Manuscript,"  &c.,  314—  Epitaphs,  317  —  Denmark 
v.  the  Germanic  Confederation,  318  — John  Braham,  the 
Vocalist —  Interesting  Antiquarian  Discovery  —  Relics  of 
Old  London  :  the  Holborn  Valley  — Curmudgeon  — Marine 
Risks  in  the  Seventeenth  Century,  318. 

QUERIES :  —  Lieut.-Col.  Richard  Elton :  Capt.  George 
Elton,  319  —  The  Rev.  John  Acland  —  Austrian  Peerages- 
Colonel  Ballard  — Boispreaux's  "  Rienzi "  —  Rev.  Archi- 
bald Bruce  —  Joseph  Burriiston  —  D'Abrichcourt  — 
Draught  of  Plymouth  Sound— De  Loges  Family— The 
Fairies'  Song  —  Ferrers  Queries  —  Forfeited  Estates  in 
Scotland  —  Irish  Heraldic  Books  and  MSS.  —  "  The  Letter 
Box"  — Mary,  Queen  of  Scots  —  Maurice's  " Family  Wor- 
ship " — "  Necromantia,"  &c.  —  Pelham  Family  —  Quotation 
—  Sepia  —  Shelley's  Sonnets  on  the  Pyramids,  &c.,  320. 

QUEEIES  WITH  ANSWERS  :  —  Salmagundi  —  Order  of  the 
RlpnTinnt,  —  "  AnrJroma.difi  "  —  Rowinar  "Match  —Witch 


Elephant 
Trials,  322. 


Andromache  "  —  Rowing   Match  —  Witch 


RE  PLH3S :— Punishment :  "  Peine  fort  et  dure,"  324  —  Paget 
and  Milton's  Widow,  325  —  Lewys  Morys,  Ib.  —  Harvey  of 
Wangey  House,  326  —  Gentleman's  Signet  —  Edward 
Hampden  Rose — Governors  of  Guernsey  —  Greek  Epi- 
gram—Sack—Count de  Montalembert —Morganatic — 
London  Smoke,  &c.  —  Reliable  —  Mediaeval  Churches  in 
Roman  Camps  — Sir  John  Moore's  Monument  —  Poetical 
Quotation  —  Family  of  Nicholas  Bayley  —  Longevity  of 
Incumbent  and  Curate —.Heraldic,  &c.,  327. 

Notes  on  Book^  &c. 


THE  DANISH  WARRIOR  TO  HIS  KINDRED. 

BY  PROFESSOR  GEORGE  STEPHENS,  F.S.A. 

(From  Faedrelandet  of  March  29.) 

"  Not  alone  for  Denmark  fight  I, 
Not  alone  for  Right  and  Freedom, 
Not  alone  for  Southern  Jutland  — 
Denmark's  March  from  grayest  yore -time, 
Denmark's  Danish  soil  and  outpost, 
Days  from  when  our  Northland's  Sea-kings 
First  began — some  fifteen  hundred 
Winters  since — o'er  western  billows, 
Swords  to  cross  'gainst  Pict  and  Roman, 
Gaining  so  from  hordes  barbarian, 
Winning  from  clans  in  vice  deep  sunken, 
Wresting  from  chiefs  to  slavery  Romaniz'd, 
Homes  where  freedom  still  doth  flourish, 
Kingdom  'stablish'd  firm  and  righteous, 
Northern  offshoot  last  and  greatest, 
Seat  of  Arms  and  Arts,  as  Sea- Queen, 
Ruling  now  with  mildest  sceptre 
Far-off  lands  the  wide  world  over ! 
Even  yet  our  stamp  indelible 
Rests  on  England's  proud  dominion. 
Scandian  is  the  tongue  she  speaketh, 
Scandian  is  her  Ocean-prowess. 
Scandian  is  her  iron  vigour, 
Scandian  is  her  wit  and  wisdom, — 
Shakspeare's  genius  but  the  reflex 
Of  the  deep  and  wondrous  heart-lore 
Breath'd  in  Northland's  Song  and  Saga, 
Chanted  in  our  Edda-legends, 
Treasur'd  in  our  woods  and  valleys. 
England's  Runes  our  fathers  risted, 
We  are  all  Old  Woden's  children. 
"  Not  alone  for  Scandia  fight  I, 
Denmark,  Sweden,  Norway,  Iceland 


All  the  shires  and  rich  remembrances, 

All  the  rights  and  all  the  gltfries 

Of  those  gallant  stalwart  races 

Whose  great  deeds,  whose  matchless  exploits, 

Round  the  brow  of  Scandinavia 

Have  a  halo  shed  so  shining 

That  she  sitteth,  gemm'd  and  diadem'd, 

Flickering  Northlights  hovering  o'er  her, 

Bright  example  through  all  ages, 

How  fresh  blood  and  hardy  freemen 

(Goths  and  Swedes,  and  Norse  and  Angles, 

Danskers,  Frisers,  Jutes  and  whatso 

Were  the  names  those  warriors  joy'd  in) 

E'en  out  of  Rome's  degraded  provinces 

States  could  fashion  where  the  citizen 

God  might  fear  and  Woman  honour, 

Fatherland  might  live  and  die  for, 

Liberty  might  grasp  for  ever ; 

How,  in  later  ages,  champions 

Stand  can  'gainst  a  host  in  battle, 

Faith  and  Freedom  still  their  watchcry, 

Wend  and  Saxon  still  defying, 

Grappling  still  the  greedy  German, 

Native  hills  undaunted  holding 

Gainst  the  bribing  bloody  Muscovite. 

"  Not  alone  for  Denmark  fight  I, 
Not  alone  for  Scandinavia; 
Sword  I  swing  and  rifle  shoulder 
Eke  for  Scandinavian  England. 
For  a  Northern  Brother  have  we, 
One  with  us  in  birth  and  lineage, 
One  with  us  in  Northern  tongue-fall, 
One  in  History's  lustrous  memories, 
One  in  common  daily  interests. 
Our  ally,  our  natural  backstay, 
Is  the  England  we  have  planted. 
England's  shield,  ally,  and  backstay, 
Is  the  Scandia  whence  she  issued. 
Blood  is  thicker  yet  than  water, 
Ties  of  kindred  are  not  broken, 
Where  the  Scandian  Baltic  billows 
Surge  and  dash  'gainst  British  headlands ; 
Where,  with  stealthy  Cat-like  footpace, 
Or  with  pounce  of  savage  Tiger, 
Russia  creepeth,  glideth,  springeth, 
Province  buying,  kingdom  crushing, 
(Finland,  Poland,  her  last  victims), 
Till  she  reach  the  White  Sea's  havens, 
Till  in  Stockholm  and  Christiania 
Cossack  cannon  boom  Death's  '  order ' ; 
Where  the  German  Eagles  gather, 
Prey  and  plunder  sniffing,  gorging, 
Tearing  Italy,  chivalric  Poland, 
Noble  Hungary,  brave  tribes  many, 
Trampling  out  each  tongue  not '  German,' 
Now  «  annexing,'  now  « incorporating,' 
Now  as  '  pledge '  in  faithless  inroad, 
'  Occupying '  from  '  motives  military ' 
Lands  of  better  nobler  peoples, 
And  with  crimes  unheard  of  filling  them, 
Deeds  of  cowardice,  cant,  and  cruelty, 
Deeds  most  infamous,  deeds  most  *  German.' 
Reaching  so  our  Southern  Jutland, 
Seizing  so  North  Jutland's  harbors, 
Till  a  German  Fleet  shall  lord  it 
In  the  Sound's  free-flowing  waters  — 
Thence  with  armaments  lately  Scandian, 
Thence  with  navies  we  must  furnish, 
(Like  as  Finland's  fearless  seamen 
Now  must  man  the  Russian  frigates 
Built  to  massacre  British  blue-jackets), 
Threatening  England's  holy  homeland, 


314 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


o*s.v. 


Giving  law  to  England's  statesmen, 

England  their  cow'd  vassal  making, 

Lighting  their  pipes  with  England's  Charters, 

(So  the  Holy  Alliance  willeth !) 

Leaving  her  only  two  foul  liberties  : 

«  Mammon's  Mill,'  '  my  son,  make  money,' 

And,  to  pay  them  bondmen's  tribute ; — 

There  we  stand,  a  granite  bulwark, 

There  we  guard  the  British  Islands, 

There  we  stem  the  tide  of  conquest, 

There  our  musquets  glint  and  glitter, 

There  our  gun-boats  thread  the  coastways. 

In  our  shadow  England  slumbreth, 

In  our  lee  her  sons  are  shelter'd ; 

Need  she  not  be  bristling  war-camp. 

She  can  use  her  power  and  riches 

For  the  boon  of  farthest  folkships. 

"  But  one  nail  lost  shoe — horse — horseman — 
Battle — victory — the  whole  empire ! 
Slesvig  is  no  mere  Danish  question, 
Slesvig  is  no  mere  Scandian  question, 
'Tis  an  English,  a  Northern  question. 
Slesvig  Germaniz'd,  torn  from  Denmark, 
Stolen  by  bandit  propagandists, 
Made  into  a  '  Slesvig-Holstein ' 
('Personal  Union'  now  the  Court-phrase), 
Slesvig-  Germaniz'd — Denmark  dieth  ! 
Slesvig  is  the  gate  of  Denmark ; 
Denmark  gone,  all  Scandia  falleth ; 
Scandinavia  once,  like  Poland, 
Broken,  slave-chain'd  and  'partition'd' 
(Soon  '  partition  second '  cometh !) — 
England's  day  of  grace  is  over, 
England's  sun  shall  set  for  ever, 
England's  sinewy  strength  is  hamstrung, 
England's  Oak  shall  quickly  wither, — 
Our  Whole  North  becomes  a  booty 
Shar'd  by  Trolls  and  Frost-giants  loathsome ; 
France  shall  sink,  like  all  her  sisters, 
Prussians'  camp  once  more  in  Paris. 
"  All  alone  we  stand, — a  handful 
Struggling  for  our  King  and  Country, 
For  our  Name  and  Fame  and  Freedom, 
For  our  Hearths  and  Homes  and  Altars, 
For  our  Wives  and  little  Children, 
For  Old  Scandinavia, 
For  Old  England,  our  Fourth  Northland, 
'Gainst  marauders  tenfold,  fiftyfold, 
'Gainst  the  Saxon,  'gainst  the  German, 
'Gainst  barbarian  slaves  by  millions. 
And,  unhelpt,  at  last  we  yield  us ! 
Denmark's  Realm,  the  oldest  kingdom 
In  the  page  of  Europe's  annals, 
Crumble  shall ;  its  name  shall  vanish, 
Or  shall  only  mark  a  Canton 
Of '  das  grosse  Vaterland.' 

"  But  our  death-throe  shall  be  famous, 
Grand  shall  be  our  pyre  funereal ; 
Like  to  Samson  'mong  Philistines, 
Mourners  many  shall  lament  us ; 
All  Scandinavia  quick  will  follow, 
England's  rule  not  long  surviveth, 
Norman  France  shall  brigands  devastate, 
Club-law  reign  in  all  our  Europe. 
Holger  Dansker  die  shall  dearly. 
Should  no  Good  Samaritan  aid  us, 
Heartless  kinsmen  Heav'n  blasts  justly. 
God  us  made,  one  race,  together; 
And  together  shall  we  perish  ! 

"  Warning  words  thrill  weirdly  round  us. 
While  time  is,  ere  Opportunity, 
Genie  drpad  with  flowing  forelock. 


Hurrieth  past  in  flight  mysterious ; 
While  time  is,  ere  ebbs  that  full  tide 
On  whose  back  we  'scape  the  shallows 
Sown  with  misery  and  ruin  ; 
While  time  is,  list,  Swea,  Nora, 
While  time  is,  Britannia  hearken ! — 
Helm  steel  trieth,  need  tries  friendship; 
Soft  steel  smash  we,  false  friend  mock  at. 
Bare  his  brotherless  back  soon  cloven, 
Woe  that  faggot  asunder  falleth ! 
Stand  we  not  in  Liberty's  ring- wall 
Swift  in  common  thraldom  sink  we. 
Names  and  harness  make  no  hero, 
Money-bags  ne'er  yet  built  a  kingdom. 
Champions  strike,  not  reckon  and  palter, 
Love  and  Duty  than  crowds  are  stronger. 
Fortune's  Wheel  rolls  on  and  onward ; 
One  good  turn  deserves  another. 
King  of  Beasts  is  the  Lordly  Lion, 
Yet  the  Mouse  once  gnaw'd  his  meshes. 
Brother  faithless  is  each  man's  Nittiing ; 
All  is  lost,  when  Honor's  dead!  " 


«  THE  CHALDEE  MANUSCRIPT." 

AUTOGRAPH  KEY  TO  THE  CHARACTERS  BY  JAMES 
WATT:  KARLY  HISTORY  OP  "  BLACKWOOI/S  MAGA- 
ZINE :  "  JAMES  HOGG,  ETC. 

Half  a  century  has  now  passed  away  since  Whig 
ascendancy,  social  and  literary,  in  the  Modern 
Athens  —  under  the  presiding  influence  of  the 
"  Blue  and  Yellow  " —  was  first  startled  from  its 
long  undisturbed  dream  of  security,  by  the  publi- 
cation of  the  farfamed  "  Chaldee  Manuscript." 
Its  wit,  its  personality,  its  perhaps  irreverent  ap- 
plication of  scriptural  language,  the  very  absur- 
dity and  extravagance  of  the  allegorical  and 
figurative  types  under  which  its  characters  were 
shadowed  forth,  all  contributed  to  give  to  it  an  in- 
terest which  we  can  even  now  understand  ;  although 
to  account  for  the  full  effect  it  produced,  we  must 
make  ourselves  acquainted  with  the  literary  and 
political  character  of  the  time  and  place  of  its 
appearance.  As  Professor  Ferrier  remarks,  in  his 
introductory  note  to  its  republication  at  the 
end  of  the  third  volume  of  Professor  Wilson's 
Works:  — 

"  It  is  a  mirror  in  which  we  behold  literary  Edinburgh 
of  1817,  translated  into  mythology.  Time,  it  is  con- 
ceived,  has  taken  the  sting  out  of  its  personalities,  with- 
out having  blunted  the  edge  of  its  cleverness,  or  damaged 
the  felicity  of  its  humour.  It  is  a  pithy  and  symbolical 
chronicle  of  the  keen  and  valiant  strife 'between  Toryism 
and  Whiggism  in  the  northern  metropolis.  Under  the 
guise  of  an  allegory,  it  describes  the  origin  and  early  his- 
tory of  Blackwood's  Magazine,  and  the  discomfiture  of  a 
rival  journal  carried  on  under  the  auspices  of  Constable. 
To  say  the  least  of  it,  the  Chaldee  Manuscript  is  quite  as 
good  in  its  way  as  Swift's  Battle  of  the  Books;  and,  there- 
fore, on  these  several  accounts,  it  seems  entitled  to  a  per- 
manent place  in  our  literature,  and  worthy  of  a  more 
extensive  circulation  than  it  has  hitherto  obtained." 

The  circumstances  which  led  to  the  publication 
f  the  satire  are  briefly  these.     Blackwood,  in  con- 
junction with  Thomas  Pringle,   and  Thomas  (?) 


3'«»  S.  V.  APRIL  16,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


315 


Cleghorn.had  carried  out  a  scheme  suggested  to  him 
originally  by  James  Hogg,  the  Ettrick  Shepherd, 
by  the  establishment  of  a  magazine  for  the  advo- 
cacy of  Tory  principles,  entitled  The  Edinburgh 
Monthly  Magazine.  The  joint  editors  soon  came 
to  loggerheads  with  their  proprietor,  and  in  spite  of 
the  mediation  of  the  Shepherd,  who  was  summoned 
as  peacemaker,  went  over  to  the  enemy,  Con- 
stable, to  enable  him  to  resuscitate  the  old  Edin- 
burgh Magazine.  Blackwood,  nothing  daunted, 
determined  to  associate  his  own  name  with  a  yet 
more  vigorous  proclamation  of  Tory  doctrines; 
and  after  having  announced  in  the  sixth  number 
of  his  periodical, ,"  this  work  is  now  discontinued, 
the  present  being  the  last  number  of  it,"  —  mean- 
ing probably  that  an  entire  change  of  name  and 
principles  was  contemplated, — reopened  the  cam- 
paign by  the  publication,  in  October,  1817,  of  the 
seventh  number  under  the  title,  for  the  first  time, 
of  Blackwood's  Edinburgh  Magazine.  It  was  in 
this  number  that  the  "  Chaldee  MS."  appeared, 
of  which,  according  to  Professor  Ferrier,  the  ori- 
ginal conception,  and  the  first  thirty-seven  verses 
of  chap.  i.  are  to  be  ascribed  to  Hogg,  while  the 
rest  of  the  composition  falls  to  be  divided  between 
Wilson  and  Bockhart,  in  proportions  which  cannot 
now  be  determined.  Hogg  himself,  it  may  be 
remarked,  in  the  autobiographic  sketch  prefixed 
to  the  first  volume  of  his  Allrive  Tales,  12 mo, 
1832,  claims  a  larger  portion  of  the  work,  and 
asserts  that  in  proof  he  has  preserved  the  original 
proof-slips,  and  three  of  Blackwood's  letters  relat- 
ing to  the  article.  He  says :  — 

"  These  proofs  show  exactly  what  part  was  mine,  which, 
if  1  remember  aright  (for  I  write  this  in  London),  consists 
of  the  first  two  chapters,  part  of  the  third,  and  part  of  the 
last.  The  rest  was  said  to  have  been  made  up  conjointly 
in  full  divan.  I  do  not  know,  but  I  always  suspected 
Lockhart  of  a  heavy  responsibility  there."— P.  Ixxvii. 

Professor  Ferrier,  in  his  general  preface  to  the 
Noctes,  vol.  i.,  seeks  to  explain  this  discrepancy 
by  the  assertion  that,  though  Hogg  sent  consider- 
ably more  to  Blackwood,  only  about  forty  verses 
of  his  contribution  were  published.  Still  Hogg's 
statement  remains,  as  he  had  of  course,  when  he 
wrote  his  autobiography,  seen,  and  must  have 
known  by  heart,  the  "  Chaldee  MS."  in  its  pub- 
lished form. 

The  "Chaldee  MS."  says  Professor  Ferrier,  fell 
on  Edinburgh  like  a  thunderbolt.  It  should  have 
been  received  and  laughed  at  as,  what  it  was,  and 
was  intended  to  be,  a  clever  and  harmless  joke.  Its 
publisher  and  author  were  alike  astounded  at  the 
effect  of  their  own  work ;  the  latter  speaks  of  it 
as  "  a  droll  article,"  and  declares  that  he  "  never 
once  dreamed  of  giving  anybody  offence,"  meaning 
it  simply  to^be  a  "  sly  history  of  the  transaction  and 
the  great  literary  battle  that  was  to  be  fought." 
But  before  he  struck  the  spark  he  should  have 
ascertained  that  combustible  matter  was  not  within 


reach.  The  explosion  took  place.  Author  and 
article  were  anathematised;  the  "personalities 
and  profanities "  of  the  Chaldee,  and  the  "  veiled 
editor"  were  attacked;  "friends  and  foes  were 
alike  confounded,  the  Tories  were  perplexed,  the 
Whigs  were  furious  "  ;  and,  to  crown  all,  Profes- 
sor Leslie,  placing  his  wrongs  before  a  jury,  ob- 
tained damages  to  a  considerable  amount  in  an 
action  for  libel  against  Blackwood.  Meantime 
Hogg,  whom  no  one  suspected  to  be  in  the  head 
and  front  of  the  offending,  highly  enjoyed  the  fun, 
when  he  left  his  sheep-farm  in  Ettrick  Forest  to 
visit  the  metropolis,  and  listened  to  the  complaints 
of  his  literary  friends  over  their  whiskey  toddy 
at  "  Awmrose's  "  or  some  such  place  of  convivial 
resort.  He  even  contemplated  a  continuation  of 
the  "MS.,"  and  was  hardly  dissuaded  from  its 
publication  by  the  advice ;  of  more  prudent 
friends  :  — 

"  So  little  had  I  intended  giving  offence  by  what  ap- 
peared in  the  magazine,  that  I  had  written  out  a  long 
continuation  of  the  manuscript,  which  I  have  by  me  to 
this  day,  in  which  I  go  over  the  painters,  poets,  lawyers, 
booksellers,  magistrates,  and  ministers  of  Edinburgh  all 
in  the  same  style ;  and  with  reference  to  the  first  part 
which  was  published,  I  might  say  of  the  latter,  as  King 
Rehoboam  said  to  the  elders  of  Israel, « My  little  finger 
was  thicker  than  my  father's  loins.'  It  took  all  the 
energy  of  Mr.  Wilson  and  his  friends,  and  some  sharp  re- 
monstrances from  Sir  Walter  Scott,  as  well  as  a  great 
deal  of  controversy  and  battling  with  Mr.  Grieve,  to  pre- 
vent me  from  publishing  the  whole  work  as  a  large 
pamphlet,  and  putting  my  name  to  it." — P.  Ixxix. 

In  one  sense,  truly,  mischief  enough  had  been 
done  already ;  but  in  another,  in  spite  of  the  en- 
mity and  illwill  engendered,  it  cannot  be  doubted 
that  the  extraordinary  sensation  occasioned  by 
the  article  was  of  immense  benefit  to  the  infant 
magazine,  and  secured  for  it  an  amount  of  popu- 
larity and  interest,  which  its  intrinsic  merits,  how- 
ever great,  might  have  failed  to  obtain.  However 
this  may  be,  Blackwood  felt  the  necessity  of 
withdrawing  the  obnoxious  article  in  the  second 
edition  of  his  periodical,  which  the  unprecedented 
demand  for  the  first  called  him  to  issue,  and  pre- 
fixing the  following  apology  to  his  November 
number :  — 

"NOTE   FROM  THE   EDITOR. 

"  The  Editor  has  learned  with  regret  that  an  Article 
in  the  first  edition  of  last  number,  which  was  intended 
merely  as  a  jeu  d'esprit,  has  been  construed  so  as  to  give 
offence  to  individuals  justly  entitled  to  respect  and  re- 
gard ;  he  has  on  that  account  withdrawn  it  in  the  second 
edition,  and  can  only  add  that,  if  what  has  happened 
could  have  been  anticipated,  the  article  in  question  would 
certainly  never  have  appeared. 

"  With  the  December  number  will  be  given  eight  pages 
to  supply  the  deficiency  occasioned  by  the  omission  of  the 
article  'Translation  from  an  Ancient  Chaldee  Manu- 
script.'" 

These  circumstances  fully  account  for  the  great 
rarity  of  the  first  edition  of  the  number  contain- 
ing the  article  in  question,  and  the  prices  which  it 


316 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3*as.  V.  APRIL  16, '64. 


is  said  to  have  realised.  A  good  account  of  th< 
whole  transaction  will  be  found  in  a  notice  o 
James  Hojjg  in  Fraser's  Magazine,  vol.  xx.  p.  427 
where  it  is  stated  that  "private  copies,"  with 
MS.  notes,  that  is,  a  key  to  the  names  of  th 
offended  parties  (or  those  who  insisted  on  wearing 
the  cap  because  it  fitted)  were  in  immense  de- 
mand, and  looked  upon  as  a  great  prize. 

One  of  these  "  private  copies "  is  now  before 
me,  and  is  the  more  worthy  of  notice  as  having 
belonged  to  the  great  James  Watt,  and  contain- 
ing a  MS.  key  to  the  characters  in  his  handwrit 
ing — probably  obtained  from  some  one  of  "the 
little  band  of  northern  literati,"  who  assembled  to 
welcome  the  illustrious  mechanic  to  the  modern 
Athens,  on  that  memorable  occasion  so  delight- 
fully chronicled  by  Scott  in  the  preface  to  the 
Monastery.  A  "  marginal  commentary  "  is  given 
by  Professor  Terrier,  though,  as  he  informs  us 
"  the  allegorical  veil  which  covers  up  the  text  has 
not  been  altogether  removed";  on  this  account, 
the  somewhat  differing  key  I  have  alluded  to,  may 
appear  to  merit  preservation.  It  is  as  follows  :  — 
"  Chap.  I.  Verse  3.  Blackwood ;  5.  Pringle  and  Cleg- 
horn  ;  17.  Constable ;  18.  Gordon ;  44.  Sir  Walter  Scott ; 
49.  Jamieson ;  54.  Brewster ;  55.  Cockburn ;  56.  T.  Le- 
ver(  ?) ;  57.  A.  Thomson. 

«  Chap.  II.  Verse  2.  The  Editor ;  10.  J.  Wilson. 
"Chap.  III.  Verse  15.  Jeffrey;   21.  Leslie;  22.  Play- 
fair  ;  27.  W.  Scott ;  36.  Graham  Dalyell. 

"  Chap.  IV.  Verse  1.  Macvey  Napier ;  8.  Neil  and  Son, 
Printers;  18.  Gray;  19.  Maccormick;  21.  Graham;  23. 
Principal  Baird ;  24.  Bridges ;  25.  Duncan ;  28.  S.  An- 
derson ;  34.  Jno.  Jeffrey." 

The  reference  to  Mr.  Dalyell  in  the  36th  verse 
of  chapter  iii.,  necessitates  the  transcription  in 
this  place  of  four  verses  suppressed,  for  some 
reason,  by  Mr.  Ferrier;  those  who  possess  the 
reprint  will  be  thus  enabled  to  fill  up  the  gap  :  — 

"  36.  Now  the  other  beast  was  a  beast  which  he  loved 
not.  A  beast  of  burden,  which  he  had  in  his  courts  to 
hew  wood  and  carry  water,  and  to  do  all  manner  of  un- 
clean things.  Hisjface  was  like  unto  the  face  of  an  ape, 
and  he  chattered  continually,  and  his  nether  parts  were 
uncomely.  Nevertheless  his  thighs  were  hairy,  and  the 
hair  was  as  the  shining  of  a'sattin  raiment.  He  skipped 
with  the  branch  of  a  tree  in  his  hand,  and  he  chewed  a 
snail  between  his  teeth. 

"  37.  Then  said  the  man,  Verily  this  beast  is  altogether 
unprofitable,  and  whatsoever  I  have  given  him  to  do,  that 
hath  he  spoiled;  he  is  a  sinful  thing,  and  speaketh  abo- 
minably; his  doings  are  impure,  and  all  people  are 
astoned  (sic)  that  he  abideth  so  long  within  my  gates. 

"  38.  But  if  thou  lookest  upon  him,  and  observest  his 
ways,  behold  he  was  born  of  his  mother  before  yet  the 
months  were  fulfilled,  and  the  substance  of  a  living  thing 
is  not  in  him,  and  his  bones  are  like  the  potsherd,  which 
is  broken  against  any  stone. 

"  39.  Therefore  my  heart  pitieth  him,  and  I  wish  not  that 
he  be  utterly  famished,  and  I  give  unto  him  a  little  bread 
and  wine,  that  his  soul  may  not  faint,  and  I  send  him 
messages  into  the  towns  and  villages  which  are  round 
about ;  and  I  give  him  such  work  as  is  meet  for  him." 

An  interesting  note  in  further  illustration  may 
be  transcribed  from  Lockhart's  Life  of  Scott:  — 


"  It  was  in  this  lampoon  that  Constable  first  saw  him- 
self designated  in  print  by  the  sobriquet  of  the. '  Crafty,' 
long  before  bestowed  on  him  by  one  of  his  most  eminent 
Whig  supporters ;  but  nothing  nettled  him  so  much  as 
the  passage  in  which  he  and  Blackwood  are  represented 
entreating  the  support  of  Scott  for  their  respective  maga- 
zines, and  waved  off  by  the  ' Great  Magician,'  in  the 
same  identical  phrases  of  contemptuous  indifference  The 
description  of  Constable's  visit  may  be  worth  transcribing, 
— for  Sk  David  Wilkie,  who  was  present  when  Scott  read 
it,  says  he  was  almost  choked  with  laughter;  and  he 
afterwards  confessed  that  the  Chaldean  author  had  given 
a  sufficiently  accurate  version  of  what  really  passed  on 
the  occasion."— P.  362. 

It  may  be  remembered  that  the  "  Chaldee  MS.," 
the  publication  of  which  had  taken  place  very 
opportunely  in  the  previous  October,  was  one  of 
the  works  cited  by  William  Hone,  in  justification 
of  his  religious  parodies,  on  occasion  of  his  first 
trial  at  Guildhall  before  Mr.  Justice  Abbott,  on 
December  18,  1817.  The  defendant  said  in  his 
address  to  the  court :  — 

"  It  was  reniarkable  that  in  October  last  a  most  singu- 
lar parody  was  inserted  in  the  Edinburgh  Magazine,  which 
was  published  by  Mr.  Blackwood.  The  parody  was  writ- 
ten with  a  great  deal  of  ability,  and  it  was  impossible 
but  th'at  the  authors  must  have  heard  of  this  prosecution. 
The  parody  was  made  on  a  certain  chapter  of  Ezekiel, 
and  was  introduced  by  a  preface,  stating  that  it  was  a 
translation  from  a  Chaldee  MS.  preserved  in  a  great 
library  at  Paris.  There  was  a  key  to  the  parody,  which 
furnished  the  names  of  the  persons  described  in  it.  The 
key  was  not  published,  but  he  had  obtained  a  copy  of  it. 
Mr.  Blackwood  is  telling  his  own  story;  and  the  two 
cherubims  were  Mr.  Cleghorn,  a  farmer,  and  Mr.  Pringle, 
a  schoolmaster,  who  had  been  engaged  with  him  as  editor 
of  the  former  magazine;  the  'crafty  man' was  Consta- 
ble ;  and  the  work  '  that  ruled  the  nation '  was  the  Edin- 
burgh Review.  The  defendant  then  read  a  long  extract, 
of  which  the  following  is  a  specimen: — 'Now  in  those 
days  there  lived  a  man  who  was  crafty  in  council,  &c.' 

"  He  observed  that  Mr.  Blackwood  was  much  respected 
by  a  great  number  of  persons.  Mr.  Justice  Abbott  said 
he  could  not  think  their  respect  could  be  increased  by 
such  a  publication.  He  must  express  his  disapprobation 
of  it :  and  at  the  same  time  observed  that  the  defendant, 
by  citing  it,  was  only  defending  one  offence  by  another." 
Hone's  First  Trial,  p.  18. 

The  enmity  and  ill-feeling  occasioned  by  this  me- 
morable satire,  which,  harmless  though  it  really 
was,  transgressed,  it  must  be  admitted,  the  limits 
of  good  taste,  and  legitimate  personality,  has  been 
alluded  to ;  the  editor  was  to  be  flogged,  the  au- 

;hors  shot  by  the  more  truculent  of  those  attacked. 
Their  ire,  however,  found  a  more  appropriate 
vent  through  the  medium  of  the  press ;  shortly 

.ppeared  a  furious  counter-attack  — 
"Hypocrisy  Unveiled  and  Calumny  Detected,  in  a 

Review    of  Blackwood's  Magazine,"  8vo.     Edinburgh, 

818,  pp.  55. 

The  following  extract  from  this  will  show  the 
dnd  of  feeling  evoked :  — 

'The  aberration  of  intellect  and  perversity  of  heart, 
now  so  visible  in  the  articles  published  in  this  magazine, 
were  seen  from  the  beginning ;  but  no  one  imagined  that 
he  writers  would  continue  to  court  infamy  from  year  to 


3'd  S.  V.  APRIL  16,  ?64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


317 


year,  or  remain  reckless  or  blind  to  the  consequences  of 
persisting  in  their  unseemly  work  of  defamation  and  de- 
traction   Each  succeeding  number  of  this  work 

distils  a  more  deadly  poison,  and  betrays  a  more  demonia- 
cal spirit  than  its  precursor,  and  it  would  manifestly  dis- 
grace the  public,  and  amount  to  an  acknowledgement 
that  society  is  bereft  of  all  right  feeling  if  it  were  suffered 
longer  to  escape  with  impunity.  It  has  now  earned  to 
itself  a  character  of  sheer  blackguardism,  and  is  unques- 
tionably the  vilest  publication  that  ever  disfigured  and 
soiled  the  annals  of  literature,"  &c. — P.  5. 

On  the  fly-leaf  of  this  pamphlet  is  announced, 
though  I  do  not  know  if  it  ever  appeared  — 

"  A  Letter  to  the  Dean  and  Faculty  of  Advocates,  on 
the  propriety  of  expelling  the  Leopard  and  the  Scorpion 
from  that  hitherto  respectable  body." 

(By  the  "  Leopard "  was  symbolised  Professor 
Wilson,  alias  Christopher  North ;  by  the  "  Scor- 
pion," J.  W.  Lockhart,  alias  Z.,  alias  the  Baron 
Von  Lawerwinkel.) 

Next  came :  — 

"Memorials  of  an  Intended  Publication,  with  Stric- 
tures on  the  Chaldee  Manuscript,"  8vo.  Edinburgh,  1818. 

The  satire  was  also  attacked  on  religious  grounds 
in  two  pamphlets,  the  latter  of  which  is  en- 
titled :  — 

"Another  Letter,  being  the  Third,  and  Two  more  Let- 
ters, being  the  Fourth  and  Fifth,  to  the  Rev.  Thomas 
McCrie,  and  the  Rev.  Mr.  Andrew  Thomson,  on  the  Parody 
of  Scripture  lately  published  in  Blackwood's  Magazine" 
8vo.  Edinburgh,  1817. 

Next  may  be  noticed — before  alluded  to — 

"Report  of  the  Trial  by  Jury,  Professor  John  Leslie 
against  William  Blackwood  for  Libel  in  Blackwood's 
Edinburgh  Magazine,"  8vo.  Edinburgh,  1822. 

Two  folio  quizzical  broadsides  may  be  also  no- 
ticed, as  being  now  probably  almost  unique.  One 
is  headed  — 

"Entire  change  of  Performances,  Royal  Mohock 
Theatre,  concluding  with  Maga,  or  the  Chaldee  Assas- 
sins" &c. 

The  second  — 

"  The  Performances  at  the  Theatre  Royal  Pantheon ; 
The  Midsummer  Night's  Dream,  recast  by  an  eminent 
hand;  Characters  given  to  Mr.  Jeffrey,  G.  Cranstoun,  Mr. 
Ivory,  Mr.  Cockburn,  &c.  Between  the  Acts  The  Silk 
Gowns,  or  Who  shall  have  them  ?  " 

I  have  now  exhausted  my  own  knowledge  of 
the  subject;  but  have  little  doubt  that  those 
better  acquainted  with  the  literature  of  the  place 
and  period  may  be  able  to  make  further  contribu- 
tions to  the  bibliography  and  history  of  the  once- 
famed  Chaldee  Manuscript.  WILLIAM  BATES. 

Edgbaston. 


EPITAPHS. 

The  two  following  epitaphs  are  from  the  ceme- 
tery at  Bow  ;  a  place  well  known  to  amateurs  of 
•'  black  jobs"  and  lovers  of  the  Irish  howl, 
am  not  quite  sure  that  the  first  of  them  is  not  to 
be  found  elsewhere  also.  It  runs  thus :  — 


"  Oh !  the  worm,  the  rich  worm,  has  a  noble  domain, 
For  where  monarchs  are  voiceless  I  revel  and  reign ; 
I  delve  at  my  ease  and  regale  where  I  may ; 
None  dispute  the  poor  earthworm  his  will  or  his  way ; 
The  high  and  the  bright  for  my  feasting  must  fall ; 
Youth,  beauty,  and  manhood,  I  prey  on  ye  all ! 
The  Prince  and  the  Peasant,  the  Monarch  and  Slave, 
All,  all  must  bow  down  to  the  worm  and  the  grave." 

The  reader  will  observe  a  bold  and  masterly 
change  of  persons  in  the  second  line  of  this  poem. 
The  first  line  is  striking  enough ;  but  we  are 
thrilled  with  yet  deeper  awe  when  we  suddenly 
find  that  the  Rich  Worm  is  himself  the  soliloquist. 

The  second  epitaph,  unless  it  be  meant  for  a 
satire  in  stone,  is  one  of  the  oddest  bits  of  hyper- 
bole that  a  graveyard  can  well  show.  The  sub- 
ject of  it  is  a  boy,  who  died  some  fifteen  or  twenty 
years  ago,  at  the  age  of  fifteen,  and  was  interred 
"  per  friendship,"  as  the  business-like  bard  who 
mourns  him  states  in  preliminary  prose.  Warming 
presently  into  verse,  the  poet  explains  to  posterity 
the  nature  of  his  young  friend's  occupation  in 
these  remarkable  words :  — 
"  To  the  blank  Moon,  the  Planets,  and  Fixed  Stars, 

Their  Office  he  prescribed ;  and  taught  their 

Influence  benignant  to  shower,  when  Orbs 

Of  noxious  efficacy  join 

In  Synod  unbenign." 

This  is  all.  Unfettered  by  the  trammels  of  sub- 
lunary metre,  and  with  such  a  theme  before  him, 
the  writer,  by  a  divine  instinct,  halts  in  mid-career, 
trusting  doubtless  to  the  effect  of  dTrotrtoSmjo-is. 
And  so  we  learn  nothing  more  of  that  tremendous 
youth,  who,  though  to  the  eyes  of  Bow  he  seemed 
a  beardless  creature  of  the  ordinary  human  spe- 
cies, was  in  reality  able  to  control  the  sky,  and 
to  put  down  those  noxious  (and  apparently  here- 
tical) orbs,  by  a  judicious  application  of  moon, 
planets,  and  fixed  stars. 

The  tomb  of  this  immature  Faustus,  which  is 
of  considerable  size  and  of  original  (not  to  say 
eccentric)  design,  exhibited,  when  I  first  saw  it, 
not  only  the  epitaph  just  quoted,  but  also  a  vast 
and  mysterious  hieroglyphic,  after  the  manner  of 
Zadkiel  and  Old  Moore.  This  noble  ornament, 
however,  is  now  gone.  Perhaps  it  was  felt  that 
epitaph  and  hieroglyphic  together  might  raise  the 
admiration  of  the  spectators  to  a  dangerous  pitch 
of  enthusiasm.  A.  J.  M. 

P.S.  Since  the  foregoing  was  written,  a  learned 
funereal  friend,  whom  I  asked  to  verify  or  correct 
it,  has  informed  me  that  he  went  to  the  spot  the 
other  day  and  found,  not  only  the  hieroglyphic, 
but  the  epitaph  and  the  monument  itself,  of  the 
infant  astrologer,  absolutely  gone,  a  commonplace 
"  upright"  being  now  all  that  marks  the  grave 
of  so  much  merit.  However,  I  send  you  this 
note  after  all.  It  is  a  comfort  to  know  that  such 
a  tomb  did  once  exist,  and  that  for  not  a  few 
years. 


318 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3**  S.  V.  APRIL  16,  '64. 


DENMARK  versus  THE  GERMANIC  CONFEDERA- 
TION. 

In  the  treaty  of  May  8,  1852,  the  third  article 
runs  thus :  — 

"  It  is  expressly  understood  that  the  reciprocal  rights 
and  obligations  of  His  Majesty  the  King  of  Denmark, 
and  of  the  Germanic  Confederation,  concerning  the 
Duchies  of  Holstein  and  Lauenburgh,  rights  and  obliga- 
tions established  by  the  Federal  Act  of  1815,  and  by  the 
existing  Federal  right,  shall  not  be  affected  by  the  pre- 
sent treaty." — Annual  Register,  1852,  p.  441. 

On  June  28,  1832,  the  Germanic  Confederation 
proclaimed  as  follows  :  — 

1.  The  German  sovereigns  are  not  only  autho- 
rised but  even  obliged  to  reject  all  propositions 
of  the  States,  which  are  contrary  to  the  funda- 
mental principle,  that  all  sovereign  power  ema- 
nates from  the  monarch,  and  that  he  is  limited  by 
the  assent  of  the  States  only  in  the  exercise  of 
certain  rights. 

2.  The  stoppage  of  supplies  by  the  States,  in 
order  to  obtain  the  adoption  of  their  propositions, 
is  to  be  considered  as  sedition,  against  which  the 
Confederation  may  act. 

3.  The  legislation  of  the  Federative  States  must 
never  be  in  contradiction  either  to  the  object  of 
the  Federation   or  to   the   fulfilment   of  federal 
duties  ;  and  such  laws  (as,  for  instance,  the  law  of 
Baden,  which  establishes  the  liberty  of  the  press) 
may  be  abolished  by  the  Diet. 

4.  A  permanent  commission  of  Federal  depu- 
ties shall  watch  over  the  legislative  assemblies  of 
the  Federal  States,  in  order  that  nothing  contrary 
to  the  Federal  Act  may  occur. 

5.  The  deputies  of  the   legislative    assemblies 
of  the  Federal  States  must  be  kept  by  the  regula- 
tions of  their  government  within  such  limits  that 
the  public  peace  shall  not  be  disturbed  by  any 
attacks  upon  the  Confederation. 

6.  The  interpretation  of  the  Federal  laws  be- 
longs exclusively  to  the  Federal  Diet- 
On  July  5,  1833,  the  Federal  Diet  proclaimed 

a  new  law  consisting  of  the  following  ten  arti- 
cles :  — 

1.  All  German  works  containing  less  than 
twenty  sheets,  which  appear  in  foreign  countries, 
cannot  be  circulated  in  the  Federal  States  with- 
out the  authorisation  of  the  several  govern- 
ments. 2.  Every  association  having  a  politi- 
cal object  is  prohibited.  3.  Political  meetings 
and  public  solemnities,  except  such  as  have 
been  established  for  a  long  time,  and  are  autho- 
rised, cannot  be  held  without  the  permission  of 
the  several  governments.  4.  All  sorts  of  colours, 
badges,  &c.,  denoting  a  party,  are  proscribed. 
5.  The  regulations  for  the  surveillance  of  the 
universities,  proclaimed  in  1819,  are  renewed  and 
rendered  more  severe.  By  the  remaining  five 
articles,  the  federative  states  pledged  themselves 
to  exercise  a  vigilant  watch  over  their  respective 
subjects,  as  well  as  over  foreigners  residing  in 


their  states,  in  respect  of  revolutionary  attempts  ; 
to  surrender  mutually  all  those  individuals  who 
had  been  guilty  of  political  offences,  with  the  ex- 
ception of  their  own  subjects,  who  are  to  be 
punished  in  their  own  country ;  to  give  mutually 
military  assistance,  in  case  of  disturbance,  and  to 
notify  to  the  Diet  all  measures  adopted  with  re- 
ference to  the  above-mentioned  objects. 

On  Oct.  30,  1834,  the  meeting  of  the  Federa- 
tive Diet  unanimously  agreed  to  the  proposition 
of  Austria,  to  establish  a  tribunal  of  arbitration  in 
order  to  decide  differences  which  might  break  out 
in  any  state  of  the  Confederation  between  the 
Government  and  the  Chambers  respecting  the  in- 
terpretation of  the  constitution,  or  the  encroach- 
ments on  the  rights  of  the  sovereign  by  the 
Chambers,  or  their  refusal  of  subsidies.  This  tri- 
bunal consists  of  •  thirty-four  arbitrators,  nomi- 
nated by  the  seventeen  members  of  the  minor 
council,  each  member  nominating  two  arbitrators. 
(Penny  Cyclo.  xi.  191.) 

The  King  of  Denmark,  member  of  the  Diet 
as  Duke  of  Holstein  and  Lauenburgh,  is  at 
issue  with  the  German  Diet  on  the  subject  of  a 
constitution  proclaimed  by  him,  March  30,  1863. 
On  the  16th  of  the  following  month  the  President 
entered  a  protest,  to  which  the  Diet  assented, 
against  the  assertion  of  the  King  of  Denmark, 
that  the  Diet  had  no  right  to  interfere  in  the 
question  of  the  Duchies. 

The  present  King  Christian  IX.  on  the  22nd 
ult.  [March],  in  his  message  to  the  Rigsdag,  puts 
the  point  of  controversy  in  this  form  :  — 

"  By  threats  of  employing  force,  our  predecessors  upon 
the  throne  were  induced  to  assign  to  the  Duchies  of  Hol- 
stein and  Lauenburg  a  peculiar  position  in  the  monarchy, 
and  the  situation  thereby  rendered  necessary  is  now 
styled  a  breach  of  treaty  obligations.  An  execution  has 
been  carried  out  in  Holstein  upon  pretext  of  these  obli- 
gations, and  Schleswig  is  occupied  as  a  pledge." 

T.  J.  BtJCKTON. 


JOHN  BRAHAM,  THE  VOCALIST. — In  Mr.  Peter 
Cunningham's  Handbook  of  London,  edit.  1850, 
sub.  tit.  "  Goodman's  Fields  Theatre,"  the  appear- 
ance of  Braham  as  a  boy  in  1787  is  mentioned, 
with  the  addition  that,  "  In  the  bill  Braham  is 
called  '  Master  Abrahams.' " 

In  an  advertisement  which  appeared  in  the 
newspapers  of  August  17,  1787,  announcing  the 
entertainments  on  that  evening  at  the  "  Koyalty 
Theatre,  Well-Street,  near  Goodman's  Fields" 
(and  which  is  now  lying  before  me),  the  name  of 
"  Master  Braham"  occurs  twice. 

This  theatre  was  opened  for  the  first  time  on 
June  20,  1787,  so  that  if  Braham  was  ever  an- 
nounced as  "  Master  Abrahams,"  it  must  have 
been  between  that  date  and  August  17.  Is  the 
alleged  bill  in  existence,  or  was  Mr.  Cunningham 
misled  by  false  information  ?  W.  H.  HUSK. 


3"»  S.  V.  APRIL  16,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


319 


INTERESTING  ANTIQUARIAN  DISCOVERY.  —  I 
have  cut  out  the  following  from  the  Irish  Times 
of  March  24:  — 

"  A  very  interesting  discovery  has  been  just  made  in 
continuing  the  excavations  in  the  narthex  of  the  old 
Basilica  of  San  Clemente  —  a  painting,  representing  our 
Saviour  seated  and  in  the  act  of  giving  the  benediction  to 
two  personages  kneeling  before  him,  presented  by  angels. 
The  outstretched  arm  of  the  Saviour  is  placed  according 
to  the  Greek  form,  i.  e.  the  thumb  and  third  digit  united. 
The  head  is  very  good,  surrounded  by  a  deep  nimbus;  on 
either  side  are  full  length  figures  of  St.  Clement  and  St. 
Andrew,  with  their  names,  and  a  long  inscription,  almost 
illegible  hitherto,  underneath.  It  is  very  possible  that  this 
fresco  may  be  older  than  the  other  hitherto  discovered  in 
the  narthex  of  the  Basilica,  possibly  dating  from  the 
middle  of  the  llth  century. — Letter  from  Rome." 

T.  B. 

RELICS  OF  OLD  LONDON  :  THE  HOLBORN  VALLEY. 
Is  not  this  note,  a  cutting  from  the  Morning' Ad- 
vertiser of  March  25  ult.,  worthy  of  preservation 
in  your  more  permanent  and  portable  publica- 
tion?— 

"  This  great  work  ("the  Holborn  viaduct)  will,  it  is  esti- 
mated, cost  about  575,000/.,  and  require  seven  years  in 
completion.  The  pulling  down  of  the  houses  in  Skinner 
Street  has  already  been  commenced  with  No.  41,  where 
William  Godwin,  author  of  Caleb  Williams,  kept  a  book- 
seller's shop,  and  published  his  works  for  young  persons 
under  the  name  of  Edward  Baldwin.  In  the  lunette  over 
the  door  was  an  artificial  stone  relief  of  ^Esop  narrating 
his  fables  to  children.  The  curious  may  seek  in  vain  the 
house  of  Strudwick,  the  grocer,  at  the  sign  of  the  Star,  on 
Snow  Hill,  where  his  friend  John  Bunyan,  author  of  the 
Pilgrim's  Progress,  died,  August  12,  1688.  This  house, 
•we  suspect,  was  removed  in  the  formation  of  Skinner 
Street,  in  which  there  is  no  house  old  enough  to  have 
been  Strudwick's.  Its  situation  is  stated  to  be  on  Snow 
Hill  in  most  accounts;  but  in  the  first  volume  of  The 
Labours  of  that  most  eminent  Servant  of  Christ,  Mr.  John 
Bunyan,  London,  1692,  folio,  he  is  stated  to  have  died  'at 
his  very  loving  friend's,  Mr.  Strudwick's,  a  grocer,  at 
Holborn  Bridge,  London,  on  August  31.'" 

JUXTA  TlJRRIM. 

CURMUDGEON. — I  see  by  the  notice  in  the  Morn- 
ing  Post  of  Ojrilvie's  Comprehensive  Dictionary, 
that  the  etymology  of  the  above  word  is  still  un- 
decided. What  objection  is  there  to  the  follow- 
ing?— 

Ceorl,  in  Saxon,  means  a  churl ;  Mod,  in  Saxon, 
is  mind ;  Modig,  the  adjective  form,  means  moody; 
Ceorlmodig  is,  therefore,  churlish-minded  and  the 
substantive  formed  from  it  would  be  ceorlmodi- 
gan,  a  churlish-minded  one.  The  change  from 
ceorlmodigan  to  curmudgeon  is  easy  and  natural. 

J.  C.  M. 

MARINE  KISKS  IN  THE  SEVENTEENTH  CENTURY. 

"A  merchant  adventures  his  goods  at  sea ;  and  though 
his  hazard  be  great,  yet  if  one  ship  return  of  four,  he  likely 
makes  a  saving  voyage."— Burton,  Anat.  Mel.  1,  2,  3,  15. 

J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 


") 

(. 

f 

J 


LIEUT.-COL.  RICHARD  ELTON:  CAPT.  GEORGE 
ELTON. 

I  have  before  me  a  work  with  the  following 
title  :  — 

"The  Compleat  Body  of  the  Art  Military:  Exactly 
compiled,  and  gradually  composed  for  the  Foot,  in  the 
best  refined  manner  according  to  the  practice  of  the 
Modern  Times.  Divided  into  Three  Books  :  The  first, 
conteining  the  Postures  of  the  Pike  and  Musket,  with 
their  Conformities,  and  the  Dignities  of  Ranks  and  Files  : 
Their  manner  of  joyning  to  the  compleating  of  a  Body: 
Their  several  Distances,  Facings,  Doublings,  Counter- 
marches, Wheelings,  and  Firings.  With  divers  Experi- 
ments upon  single  Files.  The  second,  comprehending 
twelve  Exercises. 

fThreewith    24" 

ViV    J  Three  with    32 
Vlz>   ^  Three  with    64 

(.Three  with  144 
The  Third,  setting  forth  the  drawing  up  and  exercising 
of  Regiments,  after  the  manner  of  Private  Companies, 
with  the  forming  Brigades,  and  Armies  ;  the  placing  of 
Cannon  and  Artillery,  according  to  the  practice  of  several 
Nations,  Armies,  and  Commanders  in  Chief.  Together 
with  the  duties  of  all  private  Souldiers  and  Officers  in  a 
Regiment,  from  a  Sentinel  to  a  Collonel.  As  also  the 
Duties  of  the  Military  Watches.  Lastly,  directions  for 
ordering  Regiments  or  Private  Companies  to  Funeral 
Occasions.  Illustrated  with  Variety  of  Figures  of  Bat- 
tail,  very  profitable  and  delightful  for  all  Noble  and 
Heroick  Spirits,  in  a  fuller  manner  then  hath  been  here- 
tofore published.  The  second  Edition  with  new  Addi-- 
tions.  By  Richard  Elton,  Lievtenant  Collonel.  Lond. 
fol.  1659. 

Prefixed  is  the  portrait  of  the  author  ;  W.  S., 
fecit.  ;  John  Droeshout,  sculp.,  Lond.  Around 
the  portrait  are  military  emblems,  and  this  in- 
scription :  — 

"Vera  et  accurata  Effigies  Richardi  Eltoni  Generosi, 
Bristol,  nee  non  artis  militaris  Magistri,  Anno  1649, 
^Etatis  suss  39." 

At  the  top  this  coat  of  arms,  Paly  of  six  .... 
and  ...  on  a  bend  ....  three  mullets  .... 
a  crescent  for  difference.     Crest,  On  a  wreath  a 
dexter  arm  embowed  in  armour  holding  in  the 
gauntlet  a  scimitar.    Motto,  "  Artibus  et  armis." 
Under  the  portrait  are  these  verses  :  — 
"  If  Rome  vnto  Her  conquering  Cesars  raise 
Rich  Obelisks,  to  crowne  thier  deathles  Praise, 
What  Monument  to  Thee  must  Albion  reare, 
To  shew  Thy  Motion  in  a  brighter  Sphere? 
This  Art's  too  dull  to  doe't,  'tis  only  done 
Best  by  Thy  Selfe  ;  so  light's  the  World  the  Sunne. 
Wee  may  admire  thy  Face,  the  Sculptor's  Art; 
But  Wee  are  extasi'd  at  th'  inward  Part." 

There  are  three  dedications  —  viz.  to  "  Thomas 
Lord  Fairfax,  to  the  Right  Hon.  the  judicious  and 
|  grave  Trustees  of  the  Militia  of  the  Hon.  City  of 
London  (names  given),  and  to  the  truly  valiant 
and  expertly  accomplished  officers  and  comman- 
ders in  warlike  affairs,  his  fellow  soldiers  of  the 
honourable  exercise  and  military  meeting  in  that 
inartiall  area  adjoining  to  Christ  Church,  London, 


320 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[8*1  S.  V.  APEIL  16,  '64. 


Major  John  Haynes,  Captain  Henry  Potter, 
Captain  William  Johnson,Master  Richard  Hobby, 
with  the  rest  of  those  worthy  leaders  and  soul- 
diers  of  that  our  society." 

The  imprimatur  of"  Sir  Nathanael  Brent,  Aprill 
13,  1649,"  is  at  the  end;  and  though  the  kingly 
office  was  abolished,  it  is  surrounded  by  a  collar 
of  roses  surmounted  by  the  crown.  There  are 
prefixed  commendatory  verses  wherein  the  author 
is  called  "Major  Richard  Elton,"  and  in  two  in- 
stances "Serjeant-Major  Richard  Elton." 

Another  edition  appeared  in  folio,  1668,  with  a 
Supplement  by  Thomas  Rudd,  Engineer.  There 
is  a  copy  in  Sion  College  library.  In  Reading's 
Catalogue,  Elton  is  called  "Colonel." 

I  hope  some  Bristol  correspondent  may  be  able 
to  elucidate  Richard  Elton's  history.  It  will  be 
seen  that  his  arms  are  the  same  as  those  borne  by 
the  Eltons,  baronets. 

I  shall  also  be  glad  of  any  information  as  to  a 
Captain  George  Elton,  who  lived  sometime  at 
Rotterdam,  but  was  on  July  6,  1663,  committed 
on  a  charge  of  high  treason  to  the  Tower,  whence 
he  was  subsequently  removed  to  Newgate,  and 
ultimately  to  the  Castle  of  Carlisle.  His  wife  was 
named  Elizabeth,  and  he  had  son  named  John, 
who  appears  to  have  been  bred  a  scholar. 

Some  of  George  Elton's  letters  and  writings  on 
religious  subjects  are  preserved  in  the  State  Paper 
Office.  I  suppose  he  was  a  Fifth  Monarchy  man. 

S.  Y.  R. 

THE  REV.  JOHN  ACLAND  was  author  of  A  Plan 
for  rendering  the  Poor  Independent  on  Public  Con- 
tributions^ founded  on  the  Basis  of  the  Friendly 
Societies,  commonly  called  Clubs,  Exeter,  8vo, 
1786.  Information  respecting  him  is  requested. 

S.  Y.  R. 

AUSTRIAN  PEERAGES. — Can  any  correspondent 
refer  me  to  the  titles  of  any  Austrian  peerages, 
printed  at  the  beginning  of  the  last  century, 
which  I  should  find  at  the  British  Museum  ? 

M.  B. 

COLONEL  BALLAED,  who  distinguished  himself 
at  the  battle  of  Edgehill,  was  subsequently  gover- 
nor of  one  of  the  king's  garrisons,  and  fell  at  the 
siege  of  Taunton,  1647  (Warburton's  Rupert,  ii. 
13 ;  Thomas's  Hist.  Notes,  554 ;  Peacock's  Army 
Lists,  13).  His  Christian  name  will  oblige. 

S.  Y.  R. 

BOISPREAUX'S  "RIENZI." — It  strikes  me  as 
somewhat  remarkable  that  Sir  E.  Bulwer-Lytton, 
in  his  several  editions  of  Eienzi,  speaking  of  the 
merits  or  demerits  of  some  of  his  biographers, 
does  not  once  quote  or  mention  that  other  French 
memoir  of  his  hero :  I  mean  the  Hist,  de  NIC. 
Rienzy,  par  M.  de  Boispreaux.  It  may  be  out 
of  print,  or  perhaps  Sir  Edward  had  not  heard  of 
it.  Dr.  Robertson,  however,  refers  to  it  in  his 


History  of  Charles  V.  (vol.  i.  p.  153),  where  he 
touches  so  shortly  on  Rienzi  and  his  career. 

Boispreaux's  work  throws  little  further  light, 
probably,  on  the  character  and  deeds  of  that  ex- 
traordinary man :  perhaps  it  is  almost  a  transla- 
tion from  the  Italian  "Life"  the  Baronet  mostly 
consulted  —  Vita  di  Cola  di  Rienzi  —  for  Dr. 
Robertson  refers  to  them  both  on  the  same  occa- 
sion. Yet  it  would  be  interesting  to  know  who 
this  unnoticed  biographer  was ;  *  and  whether 
his  facts  and  opinions  bear  out  the  two  Jesuits 
and  Gibbon,  in  their  unfavourable  views  of  the 
Roman  Tribune;  or,  on  the  contrary,  tend  to 
confirm  those  more  exalted  ideas  of  him  which 
Sir  Edward  has  conceived  and  recorded. 

Possibly  some  of  your  correspondents  might  be 
able  to  oblige  us  with  a  brief  account  of  the  book, 
if  there  are  copies  still  in  existence.  T.  S. 

REV.  AECHD.  BEUCE. — The  Rev.  A.  Bruce,  of 
Whitburn,  a  leading  man  in  the  Secession  Church, 
who  died  in  1816,  is  said  to  have  written  a  great 
many  books  and  pamphlets,  principally  upon 
passing  events,  and  to  have  entertained  a  printer 
at  the  Manse,  Whitburn.  Can  any  one  give  a 
complete  list  of  his  productions  ?  That  in  The 
Scottish  Nation  I  have  seen,  but  it  does  not  pro- 
fess to  be  complete.  A.  G. 

JOSEPH  BURNISTON.  —  Information  is  sought 
respecting  this  gentleman  and  his  family.  He 
was  an  Irish  agitator  in  1798,  and  is  believed  to 
have  been  executed,  his  property  being  confis- 
cated. He  married,  first,  a  lady  named  Dudley, 
a  member  of  one  of  the  noble  houses  of  that  name, 
it  is  thought,  and  had  issue  a  daughter,  born  at 
Cork  in  1773.  He  married  a  second  time.  Per- 
haps some  of  your  Irish  readers  can  help  me  to 
further  particulars  about  the  life  and  death  of 
Joseph  B.,  his  property,  his  two  wives,  and  also 
his  descendants.  M.  K. 

D'ABRICHCOURT.  —  Information  is  wanted  re- 
specting the  family  of  D'Abrichcourt,  a  member 
of  which  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Order  of 
the  Garter.  H.  C. 

DRAUGHT  OF  PLYMOUTH  SOUND.  — I  recently 
met  with  a  curious  old  chart,  entitled  "  A  new 
and  correct  large  Draught  of  Plymouth  Sound, 
Cattwater,  and  Ham-owse,  by  Sam.  Thornton, 
Hydrographer,  at  the  Sign  of  England,  Scotland, 
and  Ireland,  in  the  Minories,  London." 
apparently  taken  out  of  a  book  of  charts ;  if  so, 
from  what,  and  at  what  date  was  it  published  ? 
From  the  drawing  of  the  town  of  Plymouth^  it  ap- 
pears to  have  been  made  before  1 645,  as  it  only 
shows  one  church  (St.  Andrew's),  the  church  of 
Char les-the- Martyr  not  being  commenced  till  a 
year  or  two  afterwards.  AN  OLD  PLYMOUTHIAN. 

[*  Boispreaux  is  a  pseudonym  for  Benigne  Dujardin. 
Vide  Querard,  'La  France  Litter -aire,  and  Nouvdle  Bio- 
graphie  Generate,  xv.  117. — ED.J 


3"»  S.  V.  APKIL  16,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


321 


DE  LOGES  FAMILY.— By  the  Doomsday  Survey 
it  appears  that  the  manor  of  Guiting  Powers,  in 
Gloucestershire,  was  held  by  Gunuld,  the  widow 
of  Geri  (Rogerii)  de  Loges.  Can  you  inform  me 
who  were  her  descendants?  About  a  hundred 
years  after,*  Roger  de  Loges  was  twice  sheriff  of 
Surrey  and  Sussex.  The  name  subsequently  ap- 
pears in  the  county  histories  of  Warwickshire.  Sir 
Richard  de  Loges  was  lord  of  the  manor  of  Ches- 
terton, I  think  in  the  reign  of  Henry  V.  D.  L. 

THE  FAIRIES'  SONG. — Who  is  the  author,  or 
translator,  of  the  Welsh  Fairies'  Song  (Can  y 
Tylwyth  Teg),  commencing  : —  , 

"  From  grassy  blades,  and  ferny  shades, 

My  happy  comrades  hie ; 
Now  day  declines,  bright  Hesper  shines, 
And  night  invades  the  sky,"  &c. 

? 

FERRERS  QUERIES.  —  1.  Where  was,  and  who 
has,  the  property  entailed  on  Ferrers  of  Chartley 
Male? 

2.  "  William  de  Ferrers,  sixth  Baron  Ferrers,  of  Chart- 
ley,  died  28  Hen.  Vl.,  1450-1. 

"  His  Lordship's  great  landed  possessions  passed,  in 
conformity  with  the  entail,  upon  his  only  brother,  y«  Hon. 
Edmund  Ferrers.  This  Edmund  died  s.  p."  —  Burke's 
Extinct  and  Dormant  Peerages,  p.  197. 

Did  Taplow  Court,  Bucks,  and  Cookham,  Berks, 
form  part  of  the  entail  ?  HEVED. 

FORFEITED  ESTATES  IN  SCOTLAND.  —  Can  any 
of  your  correspondents  inform  me  whether  a  com- 
plete list  of  the  Scotch  estates  was  ever  printed, 
which  were  forfeited  during  the  Rebellions  of  1715 
and  1745  ?  If  so,  where  is  it  to  be  found  ?  A. 

IRISH  HERALDIC  BOOKS  AND  MSS.  —  When 
James  II.  left  Ireland  after  the  battle  of  the 
Boyne,  he  was  attended  by  Sir  James  Terry,  the 
Athlone  Pursuivant,  who  took  with  him  all  the 
heraldic  books  and  MSS.  in  his  office.  From 
these  he  compiled,  for  presentation  to  the  Cheva- 
lier St.  George  on  his  coming  of  age,  a  very 
splendid  book,  The  Arms  of  Irish  Families,  and 
Sir  James  evidently  intended  to  have  attached  an 
account  or  pedigree  of  each  family  to  its  respec- 
tive ^coat  of  arms  in  his  work ;  but  either  from  want 
of  time,  or  some  other  cause,  he  did  not  carrv 
this  out. 

Can  any  of  your  Irish  heraldic  correspondents 
inform  me  if  anything  is  known  respecting  the 
original  books  and  MSS.  which  were  in  Sir 
James  Terry's  possession?  They  are  probably 
still  in  the  Terry  family,  or  deposited  in  some 
library  in  France.  Perhaps  MR.  D' ALTON  of 
Dublin  may  know.  SAP.  DOM.  As. 

"  THE  LETTER  Box."— Who  was  Oliver  Old- 
staffe,  editor  of  The  Letter  Box,  a  literary  peri- 
odical of  which  I  have  vol.  i.  8vo.  Edin.  1823  ? 

A.  G. 


MARY,  QUEEN  OF  SCOTS.  —  I  believe  that  the 
enemies  of  this  unhappy  queen  contend,  that  she 
had  some  offer  of  rescue  during  her  short  im- 
prisonment by  Bothwell,  of  which  she  would  not 
avail  herself. 

I  shall  be  glad  to  have  a  reference  to  any  evi- 
dence that  her  secretary  Maitland  ever  pro- 
duced any  document  in  support  of  this  charge,  or 
alleged  this  as  a  fact  against  the  queen.  It  is  but 
fair  to  state  that  my  reason  for  the  inquiry  is, 
that  the  draft,  or  copy  of  a  letter  to  the  queen, 
and  to  this  effect,  is  in  my  possession,  in  Maitland's 
handwriting.  RICH.  ALMACK. 

Melford,  Suffolk. 

MAURICE'S  "  FAMILY  WORSHIP."  —  Has  there 
ever  been  any  criticism  of,  or  reply  to,  a  book  of 
Prof.  Maurice's,  entitled  Family  Worship  f  If 
there  has  been,  where  is  it  to  be  found  ? 

EFLOW. 

"  NECROMANTIA  ;  A  Dialoge  of  the  Poete  Lu- 
cyen  between  Menippus  and  Philonides,  for  his 
Fantesye  faynyd  for  a  Mery  Pastime,  &c.  Rastall 
me  fieri  fecit."  Printed  about  1530.  This  trans- 
lation is  noticed  in  the  Biographia  Dramatica, 
on  account  of  the  author  having  "reduced  his 
dialogue  into  English  verse  after  the  manner  of 
an  interlude,  &c."  Is  the  dialogue  written  in 
anything  like  a  scenic  form,  or  is  it  simply  a  lit- 
eral versified  translation  from  the  Greek  of  Lu- 
cian  ?  IOTA. 

PELHAM  FAMILY. — I  notice  a  great  confusion 
in  the  accounts  of  this  family  as  given  in  Collins's 
Peerage  in  different  editions.  Herbert  Pelham, 
Esq.,  an  early  settler  in  New  England,  returned 
to  England,  and  his  will,  dated  in  1672,  mentions 
his  grandmother,  Katherine  Pelham,  sister  of 
James  Thatcher.  Berry  says  that  Katherine, 
daughter  of  John  Thatcher,  married  Herbert  Pel- 
ham  ;  thus  we  have  the  grandfather  of  our  Her- 
bert. Collins,  however,  says  that  Thomas  Pel- 
ham  of  Buxted,  co.  Sussex,  had  sons,  Anthony 
and  William,  the  latter  being  the  ancestor  of  the 
Duke  of  Newcastle.  Anthony  had  Herbert,  who 
was  born  1567,  and  died  1625,  and  the  latter  was 
father  of  our  Herbert.  He  also  says  that  the 
Herbert,  sen.,  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of 
Thomas  West,  the  second  Lord  Delaware ;  and 
his  son  married  Penelope,  another  daughter.  He 
also  says  that  a  second  Elizabeth,  niece  of  these, 
and  daughter  of  the  third  lord,  married  a  Her- 
bert Pelham.  To  add  to  the  confusion,  Berry 
says  Eobert  Pelham  married  Elizabeth  West. 

It  seems  most  probable  that  Herbert,  son  of 
Anthony,  married  first,  Katherine  Thatcher,  and 
had  a  second  wife  Elizabeth  West.  That  his  son 
Herbert  married  Penelope  West,  and  had  a  third 
Herbert,  who  came  here,  and  who  probably  mar- 
ried a  Waldegrave. 


322 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  APRIL  16,  '64. 


The  queries  are,  (1)  Were  there  three  Her- 
bert Pelhams  ?  (2.)  Who  were  their  wives  ?  (3.) 
Which  Elizabeth  West  married  a  Pelham  ? 

As  the  family  has  been  so  distinguished,  I  pre- 
sume some  of  your  readers  can  easily  answer 
these  questions,  and  enable  us  to  correct  a  mani- 
fest error.  W.  H.  WHITMOEE. 

Boston,  U.  S.  A. 

QUOTATION.  —  Who  is  the  author  of  the  fol- 
lowing lines,  and  where  can  I  find  them  ?  — 

"  Knowledge  that  leaves  no  trace  of  acts  behind, 
Is  like  mere  body  destitute  of  mind : 
Knowledge  the  stem,  and  acts  the  fruit  should  be; 
Tis  simply  for  the  fruitage  grows  the  tree,"  &c. 

EFLOW. 

SEPIA. — The  ink  of  the  cuttlefish  was.  as  Cicero 
says,  used  as  ink  in  his  day.  At  present  it  is  used 
as  a  pigment,  under  the  names  either  of  India  or 
China  Ink,  or  the  water-colour  Sepia.  Home  is 
the  place  whither  the  dry  ink-sacs  are  sent  for 
sale,  and  whence  the  dealers  purchase  them  in 
the  crude  state.  Naturalists  say  that  the  molluscs 
shed  their  ink,  or  spirt  it  out,  upon  the  least  fear 
or  alarm.  If  so,  how  are  the  animals  taken  with 
their  ink-bags  still  charged  with  the  colour  mat- 
ter ?  F.  S. 

SHELLEY'S  SONNETS  ON  THE  PYRAMIDS.  —  In 
Thackeray's  From  Cornhill  to  Cairo,  he  says,  that 
there  is  more  of  interest  in  Shelley's  two  sonnets 
about  the  Pyramids,  than  in  the  sight  of  the 
Pyramids  themselves.  What  are  these  sonnets, 
and  where  are  they  to  be  found  ?  Not,  I  think, 
in  any  edition  of  his  works.  POLYPRAG. 

"  SOLOMON'S  SONG."  —  A  poetical  version  of 
this  was  published  in  12mo  at  Glasgow,  1703, 
under  the  title  of  The  Wise  or  Foolish  Choice, 
&c.  "  Done  in  metre  by  one  of  the  Ministers  of 
the  Gospel  in  Glasgow."  Is  it  known  which  of 
them  was  the  poet?  Jas.  Clark,  of  the  Tron 
Church,  published  about  that  time  Merchandizing 
Spiritualized,  which  might  throw  the  suspicion  of 
opening  "  Solomon's  Song"  upon  him.  A.  G. 

ENSIGN  SUTHERLAND.  —  In  May,  1833,  there 
lived  in  Pitfour,  Sutherlandshire  (on  leave  of  ab- 
sence) an  ensign,  W.  A.  Sutherland,  78th  High- 
land regiment,  son  of  Captain  Hugh  Alexander 
Sutherland,  and  nephew  of  Lieutenant- Colonel 
Alex.  Sutherland,  93rd  Highland  regiment,  of 
Torbreck  and  Braegrudy,  in  the  parish  of  Rogart, 
Sutherlandshire.  Is  anything  known  regarding 
Ensign  Sutherland  or  his  descendants,  if  he  had 
s"ch  ?  A.  MACKAY. 

Berlin. 

VICTORIA  A.ND  ALBERT  ORDER.-— In  common 
with  MR.  WOODWARD,  I  also  am  anxious  to  know 
the  particulars  in  regard  to  the  badge  worn  on 
the  occasion  alluded  to.  I  had  the  honour  of 


suggesting  the  institution  of  such  an  Order  in  the 
last  December  number  of  the  Gentleman's  Maga- 
zine, but  had  no  idea  that  it  already  existed. 

This  new  Order  will,  I  think,  be  found  to  be  a 
private  decoration  worn  in  memory  of  the  late 
Prince  on  family  gatherings ;  and  confined,  of 
course,  to  the  immediate  members  of  the  royal 
family.  If  such  be  the  case,  the  idea  is  a  very 
beautiful  one;  and  might  be  extended  to  the 
public  under  the  enlarged  title  of  the  Order  of 
Albert  the  Good,  or  the  Albert  Cross,  as  pendant 
to  that  already  existing,  and  so  much  prized.  I 
allude,  of  course,  to  the  Victoria  Cross. 

J.  W.  BRYANS. 

WILLIAM  VERRAL,  master  of  the  White  Hart 
inn  at  Lewes,  was  author  of  "  A  Complete  System 
of  Cookery;  in  which  is  set  forth  a  Variety  of 
genuine  Receipts,  collected  from  several  years' 
experience  under  the  celebrated  Mr.  de  St. 
Clouet,  sometime  Cook  to  his  Grace  the  Duke  of 
Newcastle.  Together  with  a  true  character  of 
Mons.  de  St.  Clouet.  Loud.  8vo,  1759."  In- 
formation about  William  Verral  (and  especially 
the  date  of  his  death)  will  oblige.  S.  Y.  R. 


teg  foriti) 

SALMAGUNDI. — Who  wrote  Salmagundi,  a  Mis- 
cellaneous Combination  of  Original  Poetry  f 

The  first  edition  seems  to  have  been  in  1791, 
misdated  in  Watt's  Bibliotheca  Brilannica,  1793. 

Is  it  the  same  book  with  that  also  noticed  in 
Watt's  Salmagundi;  or,  Whim-Whams  and  Opi- 
nions f  (1811.) 

The  word  Salmagundi  is  used  in  the  book 
itself,  p.  93.  It  is  in  Johnson  said  to  be  a  cor- 
ruption of  scion  mon  gout,  or  sale  a  mon  gout ;  and 
described  as  a  mixture  of  chopped  meat  and 
pickled  herrings  with  condiments.  But  he  gives 
no  quotations.  Can  your  readers  point  out  its 
frequent  use  anywhere  ? 

The  author  seems  to  have  been  an  Archdeacon 
(p.  77)  ;  oddly  described,  in  the  very  same  piece 
(p.  75),  as  a  Deacon. 

This  venerable  person  was  not  over- clerical ; 
but  he  does  not  actually  write  anything  scandalous, 
and  his  light  productions  are  very  fair  pasquin- 
ades, better,  as  it  seems  to  me,  than  those  of  Sir 
Charles  Williams,  and  otners  with  which  they 
might  naturally  be  compared.  / 

As  usual  in  those  times,  these  satirical  pieces 
are  full  of  names  thinly  disguised  by  blanks  and 
asterisks.  Some  of  these  I  should  be  glad  to 
have  explained.  In  the  "  Ballad  on  John  Wilkes" 
(p.  84),  the  first  line  ends  obviously  with  "  Mid- 
dlesex," and  the  third  line,  which  probably  rhymes 

to  it,   ends  with  "  Alderman  B ."     Can  this 

be  "  Becks,"  a  cant  name  for  "  Beckford  "  ? 


3rd  S.  V.  APRIL  16,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


323 


[In  the  edition  of  1801  the  names  are  printed :  — 

"John  Wilkes  he  was  for  Middlesex, 

They  chose  him  knight  of  the  shire : 

And  he  made  a  fool  of  Alderman  Bull, 

And  call'd  Parson  Home  a  liar."] 

P.  97.  Who  is   the   subject  of  this  song,  who 

constructed  the  Pond-Head  near  Windsor  Great 

Park? 

P.  124.  Who  was  "  Lord  A ,  of  White- 
bam,  near  Oxford  "  ? 

[Willoughby  Bertie,  fourth  Earl  of  Abingdon.  See 
Dunkin's  Oxfordshire,  i.  117.] 

P.  132.  Scientific  men  are  quizzed  on  wearing 
blue  stockings  ;  now  confined  to  women. 

P.  132.  Who  was  "  B "? 

["  Where  Science  sends  her  sons  in  stockings  blue 
To  barter  praise  for  soup  with  Montague? 
Or  point  prepare  for  BosweWs  anecdote, 
Or  songs  inspire,  and  fit  'em  to  his  throat?  " 

Edit.  1801.  ] 

P.  136.  Does    "  S "   mean  Major    Scott, 

Warren  Hastings's  advocate  in  the  House  of  Com- 
mons ? 

A  few  popular  or  slang  phrases  in  this  book 
may  be  compared  or  contrasted  with  present  use. 

P.  134.  Golgotha  (see  note)  was  then,  as  now, 
used  for  the  place  occupied  by  the  Cambridge 
Heads  of  Houses  in  St.  Mary's  Church. 

P.  145.  Tewem,  now  spelt  Tureen. 

Omitted,  p.  94.  Sallad,  or  salad,  as  we  know, 
is  in  old  books  written  sullet.  In  this  book  per- 
haps the  turning-point  is  made ;  for  it  is  spelt 
sallad,  but  rhymes  to  palate. 

Omitted  ^also,  p.  143.     Who  was  "  B R 

["Fame  says  (but  Fame  a  sland'rer stands  confess'd), 
Dick  his  own  sprats,  like  Bomber  Gascoigne,  dress'd."] 

Edit.  1801. 

And  p.  144.  What  was  Kian-Gunpowder  ? 
[Cayenne  pepper.] 

LYTTELTOIC. 

P.S.  On  looking  again,  it  seems  doubtful  if  the 
author  meant  to  describe  himself  as  an  archdeacon, 
for  the  piece  quoted  is  a  "  Free  Imitation  "  from 
Walter  de  Mapes,  who  was  Archdeacon  of  Ox- 
ford, and  this  designation  may  be  meant  only  for 
See,  however,  pp.  18,  19,  which  rather 


him. 


give  the  impression  that  the  writer  was  a  clergy- 
man. 

[The  editor  of  Salmagundi,  4to,  1791,  was  the  Rev. 
George  Huddesford,  M.A.  of  New  College,  Oxford,  and 
Vicar  of  Loxley,  co.  Warwick,  and  'most  of  the  articles 
in  this  humorous  production  are  from  his  pen.  He 
s  also  author  of  the  following  works:  1.  Topsy- 
Turvy,  with  Anecdotes  and  Observations  illustrative 

leading  Characters  in  the  Government  of  France, 
«vo,  1793.  2.  Bubble!  and  Squeak,  a  Galli-mawfry  of 

lish  lii-ef,  with  the  Chopp'd  Cabbage  of  Gallic  Philo- 
sophy and  Radical  Reform,  8vo,  1799.  3.  Crambe  Re- 
pctita,  a  Second  Course  of  Bubble  and  Snunalr.  or  Dritioh 


Beef  Galli-mawfry'd ;  with  a  DeviPd  Biscuit  or  two  to 
Help  Digestion,  and  close  the  Orifice  of  the  Stomach,  8vo, 
1799.  In  1801  he  collected  the  above  into  two  vols. 
under  the  title  of  The  Poems  of  George  Huddesford,  M.A., 
with  Corrections  and  Original  Additions.  In  this  edition 
the  articles  contributed  by  others  to  his  Salmagundi  are 
distinguished  with  asterisks.  In  1804  he  edited  The  Wic- 
camical  Chaplet,  a  Selection  of  Original  Poetry,  comprising 
smaller  Poems,  serious  and  comic,  Classical  Trifles,  Son- 
nets, Inscriptions,  and  Epitaphs,  Songs  and  Ballads, 
Mock  Heroicks,  Epigrams,  Fragments,  &c.  12mo.  He 
afterwards  published  Wood  and  Stone,  a  Dialogue  between 
a  Wooden  Duke  and  a  Stone  Lion ;  and  Les  Champignons 
du  Diable;  or,  Imperial  Mushrooms,  a  Mock  Heroic  Poem 
in  Five  Cantos;  including  a  Conference  between  the 
Pope  and  the  Devil  on  his  Holiness's  Visit  to  Paris,  illus- 
trated with  Notes,  1805.  Mr.  Huddesford's  death  occurred 
in  London  in  1809,  at  the  age  of  fifty-nine.  ( Gent.  Mag. 
1809,  ii.  1238.)— Salmagundi;  or  the  Whim-Whams  and 
Opinions  of  Launcelot  Langstaffe,  Esq.  and  others,  is  by 
Washington  Irving.  See  Alibone's  Diet,  of  English  Liter- 
ature, i.  937.] 

ORDER  or  THE  ELEPHANT.  —  Can  you  inform 
me  of  any  reliable  authority  for  the  story  that 
the  Order  of  the  Elephant,  of  Denmark,  was  in- 
stituted by  Christian  I.  in  commemoration  of  the 
fidelity  of  his  hound  when  deserted  by  his  cour- 
tiers ;  and  that  he  had  the  letters  "  T.  I.  W.  B." 
written  on  the  Order—"  Trew  is  Wildbrat"  ? 

No  mention  is  made  in  the  Histoire  de  Danne- 
marc,  by  Mallet ;  nor  in  Selden's  Titles  of  Honour. 
Bircherodius,  in  his  Bremarium  JEquestre,  or 
treatise  on  the  Order  of  the  Elephant,  says  the 
letters  "T.  I.  W.  B."  were  introduced  by  Frede- 
rick II.,  date  1580 ;  but  no  dog,  or  any  mention 
of  one,  is  made.  J.  J. 

[Sir  Bernard  Burke,  in  his  Book  of  Orders  of  Knight- 
hood, 8vo,  1858,  p.  82,  states  that  "  the  date  of  the  origin 
of  the  Order  of  the  Elephant  cannot  be  ascertained  with 
listorical  accuracy,  since  even  the  Danish    historians 
hemselves  are  not  agreed  on  the  point.    Some  would 
lave  it  founded  during  the  time  of  the  first  crusade, 
ithers  in  the  time  of  Kauut  VI.  (consequently  at  the 
nd  of  the  twelfth  century),  while  others  refer  its  crea- 
ion  to  the  second  half  of  the  fifteenth  century,  under 
hristian  I.   The  Danish  government,  in  its  official  docu- 
ments, assumes  the  date  of  the  foundation  to  fall  in  the 
first  half  of  the  fifteenth  century,  while  Christian  I.,  it 
ays,  has  only  renewed  the  Order  in  1458.] 

"  ANDROMACHE,"  a  tragedy,  by  John  Crowne, 
[to,  1675.  This  play  is  said  to  be  a  translation 
Vom  Racine  by  a  young  gentleman,  chiefly  in 
>rose,  with  alterations  by  Crowne.  What  is  said 
n  the  preface  about  this  ?  Who  was  the  young 
gentleman  ?  IOTA. 

[Crowne  has  not  divulged  the  name  of  the  "young 

rpiiHpman  "       Tin    :i)uw"sirc  in    Vi.nvo  nrpfivnd    his  "  F.nisfclfl 


324 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[8**  S.  V.  APRIL  16,  '64. 


to  the  Reader,"  as  an  apology,  if  not  a  ruse,  for  the  pub- 
lication of  this  tragedy.  "  This  I  thought  good  to  say," 
he  tells  us,  "  both  for  the  play,  and  also  in  my  own  be- 
half, to  clear  myself  of  the  scandal  of  this  poor  transla- 
tion, wherewith  I  was  slandered,  in  spite  of  all  that  I 
could  say  in  private,  in  spite  of  what  the  Prologue  and 
Epilogue  affirmed  on  the  stage  in  publick,  which  I  wrote 
in  the  Translator's  name,  that  if  the  play  met  with  any 
success,  he  might  wholly  take  to  himself  a  reputation. of 
which  I  was  not  in  the  least  ambitious."] 

KOWING  MATCH.  —  Can  you  give  me  any  infor- 
mation respecting  the  following  extract  from  The 
Weekly  Journal,  Saturday,  August  15th,  1715, 
in  my  possession  ?  — 

"  Monday  last,  six  watermen,  who  were  scullers,  rowed 
from  London  Bridge  to  Chelsea  for  a  silver  badge  and 
liver}',  which  was  won  by  one  John  Hope ;  and  this  tryal 
of  skill,  which  is  to  be  performed  yearly  on  the  1st  of  Au- 
gust, caused  a  great  concourse  of  people  to  be  then  on  the 
River  of  Thames." 

I  think  it  has  something  to  do  with  the  water- 
men of  the  Lord  Mayor.  BILIKE  ROSAKU. 

[This  extract  has  reference  to  the  first  rowing  match 
founded  by  that  zealous  Whig  and  comic  actor,  Thomas 
Dogget,  to  commemorate  annually  the  day  (August  1st) 
on  which  George  I.  ascended  the  throne.  The  competi- 
tors are  six  young  watermen, — the  prize,  a  waterman's 
coat  and  silver  badge.  The  distance  rowed  extends  from 
the  Old  Swan  at  London  Bridge,  to  the  White  Swan  at 
Chelsea,  against  an  adverse  tide.] 

WITCH  TRIALS.  — Where  can  I  read  anything  of 
the  Witch  Trials,  conducted  by  Matthew  Hopkins 
in  the  seventeenth  century,  to  which  reference  is 
made  by  T.  D.  P.  in  his  paper  on  "  Norfolk  Folk 
Lore"  (3rd  S.  v.  237)  ?  P.  S.  C. 

[Consult  the  following  scarce  works:  1.  "A  True  and 
Exact  Relation  of  the  several  Informations,  Examina- 
tions, and  Confessions  of  the  late  Witches  executed  at 
Chelmsford,  in  the  county  of  Essex,  who  were  condemned 
by  the  Earl  of  Warwick.  Lond.  1645,  4to."  Reprinted 
at  the  private  press  of  Charles  Clarke,  Esq.,  Great  Totham, 
1837,  8vo,  with  a  portrait  of  Hopkins.  2.  «  A  True  Rela- 
tion of  the  Arraignment  of  Eighteen  Witches  at  St.  Ed- 
mondsbury.  Lond.  1645,  4to."  Vide  Bohn's  Lowndes, 
p.  2960.] 


PUNISHMENT:  "PEINE  FORT  ET  DURE." 
(3rd  S.  v.  255.) 

There  seems  to  be  some  diversity  in  the  evi- 
dence as  to  the  persons  who  suffered  the  sentence 
of  "  pressing"  in  1721. 

It  appears  from  the  Old  Bailey  Sessions  Papers 
that,  at  the  January  Sessions  in  1720,  one  Phil- 
lips was  "  pressed  "  for  a  considerable  time,  until 
he  begged  to  stand  his  trial ;  and  at  the  December 
Sessions,  1721,  Nathaniel  Hawes  continued  under 


the  press  with  250  Ibs.  for  seven  minutes,  and  was 
released  upon  his  submission.  (Penny  Cyclo.  xvii. 
373.)  From  the  Nottingham  Mercury,  quoted  by 
MB.  HAILSTONE,  it  seems  that  Thomas  Spigot, 
alias  Spigat,  was  "  pressed"  on  January  18,  1721, 
and  that  Phillips  did  not  undergo  the  punishment. 

Perhaps  the  date  1720  mentioned  in  my  quota- 
tion is  a  clerical  error  for  1721,  which  may  have 
arisen  in  extracting  the  information  from  the  Old 
Bailey  Sessions  Papers.  On  the  other  hand,  the 
report  of  the  Nottingham  Mercury  may  have  been 
erroneous  as  to  the  person  who  actually  suffered. 

At  all  events,  it  seems  that  there  were  cases 
of  "pressing"  since  December  1721.  Mr.  Bar- 
rington  says  (Barr.  Antient  Statutes,  p.  86),  that 
he  had  been  furnished  with  two  instances  in  the 
reign  of  George  II.,  one  of  which  happened  at 
the  Sussex  Assizes  before  Baron  Thompson,  and 
the  other  at  Cambridge  in  1741,  when  Mr.  Baron 
Carter  was  the  judge.  In  these  later  instances 
the  press  was  not  inflicted  until,  by  direction  of 
the  judge,  the  experiment  of  a  minor  torture  had 
been  tried,  by  tying  the  culprit's  thumbs  tightly 
together  with  string,  though  this  course  was 
wholly  unauthorised  by  law."  (Penny  Cyclo. 
xvii.  373.) 

As  to  the  language  of  the  judgment  given 
against  Spigat  and  Phillips,  the  Nottingham  Mer- 
cury quotes  part  of  the  judgment  thus  :  "  And 
that  upon  your  bodies  shall  be  laid  so  much  iron 
and  stone  as  you  can  bear,  and  no  more"  The 
italics  are  my  own.  Now  in  all  the  forms  of  the 
judgment  for  standing  mute,  beginning  with  that 
which  was  established  in  1406  (Year  Booh,  8  Hen. 
IY.  1),  and  which  substituted  the  punishment  of 
pressing  to  death  for  the  old  punishment  of  im- 
prisonment with  scarcely  enough  food  to  sustain 
life,  the  words  and  more,  instead  of  and  no  more, 
invariably  occur.  The  jreason  of  this  is  evident, 
for  the  practice  of  laying  weights  on  the  body  of 
the  delinquent  was,  asBlackstone  remarks  (Comm. 
iv.  328)  intended  as  a  species  of  mercy  to  him, 
by  delivering  him  the  sooner  from  his  torment. 

A  form  of  the  judgment,  which  will  be  found  in 
Hawkins'  Pleas  of  the  Crown,  vol.  ii.  p.  466,  is  as 
follows :  — 

"  That  the  prisoner  shall  be  remanded  to  the  place 
from  whence  he  came,  and  put  in  some  low  dark  room, 
and  there  laid  on  his  back  without  any  manner  of  cover- 
ing, except  for  the  privy  parts,  and  that  as  many  weights 
shall  be  laid  upon  him  as  he  can  bear,  and  more ;  and 
that  he  shall  have  no  manner  of  sustenance,  but  of  the 
worst  bread  and  water,  and  that  he  shall  not  eat  the 
same  day  on  which  he  drinks,  nor  drink  the  same  day  on 
which  he  eats,  and  that  he  shall  so  continue  till  he  die." 

The  following  words  were  added  by  14  Ed.  IV. 
8,  pi.  17,  and  2  Inst.  178,  to  the  word  "  room"  : — 

"  That  he  shall  lie  without  any  litter  or  other  thing 
under  him,  and  that  one  arm  shall  be  drawn  to  one 
quarter  of  the  room  with  a  cord,  and  the  other  to  another, 
and  that  his  feet  shall  be  used  in  the  same  manner." 


3'd  8.  V.  APRIL  16,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


325 


The  same  authorities  substitute  for  that  part 
of  the  sentence  which  follows  the  word  "  more  " 
and  ends  with  "  water,"  the  words :  — 

"  That  he  shall  only  have  three  morsels  of  barley 
bread  a  day:  that  he  shall  have  the  water  next  the 
prison,  so  that  it  be  not  current." 

The  practice  of  pressing  to  death  was  abolished 
by  the  statute  12  Geo.  III.  c.  20,  which  enacts 
that  if  a  prisoner  upon  his  arraignment  stands 
wilfully  mute,  or  does  not  answer  directly  to  the 
offence,  he  shall  be  convicted  of  the  offence,  as  if 
he  had  been  convicted  by  verdict  or  by  confession 
of  the  crime.  But  now  by  the  statute  7  &  8 
Geo.  IV.  c.  28,  s.  2,  in  such  a  case,  a  plea  of  not 
guilty  can  be  entered  for  the  prisoner,  which  is  to 
have  the  same  effect  as  if  he  had  pleaded  it. 

W.  J.  TILL. 
Croydon. 

PAGET  AND  MILTON'S  WIDOW. 
(3rd  S.  v.  193.) 

Though  I  cannot  answer  the  inquiry  of  MR.  J. 
B.  MINSHULL,  I  can  do  something  towards  put- 
ting him  on  the  right  track  for  pursuing  it.  There 
were  two  generations  of  Mynshulls,  who  married 
into  families  of  the  name  of  Goldsmith,  as  shown 
in  the  pedigree  printed  in  "N.  &  Q."  (1*  S.  ix. 
39) ;  and  your  correspondent,  probably  misled 
by  a  faulty  pedigree  among  Barrett's  MS.  Gene- 
alogies in  the  Chetham  Library,  and  a  more  than 
faulty  one  by  Mr.  Palmer  of  Manchester,  has 
fallen  into  an  error  in  stating  that  the  mother 
of  Thomas  Mynshull,  the  apothecary,  was  Ellen 
Goldsmith,  the  daughter  of  Richard  Goldsmith,  of 
Nantwich.  It  was  his  grandmother  who  was  a 
daughter  of  Goldsmith  of  Nantwich.  Her  name 
was  Dorothy;  and  her  father's  may  have  been 
Richard,  for  anything  I  know  to  the  contrary; 
but  his  Christian  name*  is  left  blank  in  the 
Cheshire  Visitation  of  166£.  Thomas  Mynshull's 
mother  was,  according  to  that  Visitation,  Eliza- 
beth (or,  according  to  the  Lancashire  Visitation 
of  166$,  family  of  Mynshull  of  Manchester,  Ellen), 
the  daughter  of  Nicholas  Goldsmith,  of  Bosworth, 
in  the  county  of  Leicester.  And  thereby  hangs  a 
clue  to  your  correspondent's  inquiry:  for  the 
Rev.  Thomas  Paget,  minister  of  Blackley,  and 
afterwards  Rector  of  Stockport,  is  shown  (see 
"N.  &  Q.,"  1-t  S.  v.  327)  to  have  been  the  grand- 
son of  the  Rev.  Harold  Paget,  Vicar  of  Rothley, 
in  the  same  county.  On  comparison  of  the  facts 
stated  in  the  last-quoted  article  with  that  which 
heads  my  present  communication,  and  another  at 
5.  viii.  452,  it  appears  that  the  Rev.  Thomas 
Paget  calls  Thomas  Mynshull,  the  apothecary, 
his  cousin;  and  that  Thomas  Paget's  son,  Dr. 
Nathan  Paget,  calls  John  Goldsmith  and  Eliza- 
beth Milton  his  cousins  ;  and  I  have  shown  in  the 
pedigree  first  quoted  above,  that  Thomas  Myn- 


Milton's uncle.     The  sub- 
a  pedigree   would  reconcile, 


shull  was  Elizabeth 
joined  scheme   of 

and  something  very  like  it  is  necessary  to  recon- 
cile, these  several  statements  of  relationship.  The 
link  which  is  wanting  to  complete  it,  is  the  mar- 
riage of  a  daughter  of  Nicholas  Goldsmith,  of 
Bosworth,  with  the  father  of  Thomas  Paget,  who 
was  shown  to  be  connected  with  the  same  county  : 
and  if  no  notice  of  the  Goldsmith  family  is  found 
in  Nichols's  Leicestershire,  a  search  in  the  Bos- 
worth registry  might  furnish  the  required  inform- 
ation. So  might  Nicholas  Goldsmith's  will.  If 
your  correspondent,  or  any  reader  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood of  Bosworth,  should  be  induced  to  make 
the  search,  I  hope  he  will  communicate  the  result. 
The  pedigree,  which  to  the  extent  above  ex- 
plained, is  conjectural,  would  stand  thus  :  —  •- 

Nicholas  Goldsmith 

Son  (unascertained).       Elizabeth  (or  Ellen),        Daughter  (unascer- 
m.  Richard  Mynshull.        tained),  m.  aPaget  ? 


John  Goldsmith, 
or  perhaps  a  ge- 
neration later. 


Eandle  Myn- 
ghull. 


Elizabeth 


i,  Milton'1 


Thomas  Myn- 
ehull. 


Eev.  Thomas 
Pasret. 


Dr.  Nathan 
Paget. 


J.  F.  MARSH. 


LEWYS  MORYS. 


(3rd  S.  v.  85,  142,  219.) 

In  referring  to  the  troubles  of  Lewys  Morys,  in 
connection  with  irregularities  in  his  accounts,  I  did 
not  say  that  I  did  not  find  them  mentioned  by  any 
recognised  writer,  as  CAMBRIAN  concludes :  I 
merely  said  that  such  things  were  found  stated  in 
Welsh  Magazines ;  but  at  the  time  I  had  not 
leisure  to  search  for  them,  nor  have  I  now.  But 
let  me  refer  CAMBRIAN  to  the  Llanrwst  edition  of 
Gwaith  Goronwy  Owen,  p.  322,  1860,  where  he 
will  find  a  note,  appended  by  the  editor,  to  a  letter 
of  Goronwy's  to  Rhisiath  Morys  (the  brother  of 
Lewys)  dated  May  20, 1756 ;  this  note  states  that 
Goronwy  "  refers  to  some  trouble  which  fell  on 
Lewys  Morys  on  the  part  of  his  official  masters; 
who  (says  a  letter  which  I  have  seen)  threw  him 
into  prison."  This  note  is  signed  "  O.  W."  On 
the  preceding  page  it  is  said  that  it  was  at  this 
time  that  Goronwy  wrote  his  Cywydd  i  Ddiawl 
(Couplets  to  the  Devil),  and  that  the  Ddiawl  in 
question  was  Lewys  Morys  himself.  Goronwy's 
forgiveness  of  Lewys  Morys  is  shown  by  the  Elegy 
on  his  death,  written  in  Virginia ;  a  note  on  one 
of  the  stanzas  (p.  119)  says  of  some  allusions, 
"  This,  and  much  of  what  follows,  points  to  some 
circumstances  which  happened  to  him  a  little  be- 
fore his  death ;  it  is  not  needful  to  specify  them 
more  particularly,  further  than  to  mention  them 
to  explain  themselves."  In  a  letter  of  Goronwy 
Owen  (p.  335)  CAMBRIAN  may  see  that  in  writing 


326 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  APRIL  16,  '64. 


to  William  Morys,  after  the  death  of  his  brother 
Lewys  (July  23,  1767),  he  mentions  that  Sion  ab 
Hugh,  a  Welshman  from  Merioneth,  had  informed 
him  that  before  his  leaving  Wales  "  Lewys  Morys 
had  been  cast  in  law,  turned  out  of  his  office, 
ruined,  and  thrown  into  prison,"  although  this 
Sion  ab  Hugh  had  not  heard  of  his  death.  (I 
translate  these  various  statements  as  literally  as 
possible.)  I  hope  that  CAMBRIAN  will  be  satis- 
fied that  however  false  the  charges  against  Lewys 
Morys  of  embezzlement  were,  and  however  un- 
justly he  was  imprisoned,  these  things  are  no  in- 
ventions of  mine,  they  are  both  "  curious "  and 
"  true ; "  but  that  all  who  are  familiar  with  Welsh 
literature  might  know  something  about  the  matter. 
If  friendly  biographers  pass  such  things  by  in 
silence,  they  only  do  what  they  can  to  increase 
suspicions. 

I  shall  be  greatly  surprised  if  any  "  patriotic 
Welshmen"  are  shocked  at  hearing  that  Lewys 
Morys  obtained  a  situation  in  the  Custom-house 
at  Holy  head ;  for  those  who  read  the  works  of 
Goronwy  Owen  are  familiar  with  the  statement  of 
Dafydd  Ddu  Eryri :  —  "  After  a  time  he  (Lewys 
Morys)  was  elevated  (derchafwyd  ef)  to  a  situa- 
tion belonging  to  the  customs  at  Holyhead."  I 
remember  the  remark  from  almost  as  long  ago  as 
when  I  could  first  read  Welsh. 

For  the  last  thirty-three  years  I  have  been  an 
occasional  contributor  to  Welsh  magazines,  though 
no  Welshman  by  birth  or  ancestry,  yet  belonging 
to  a  true  Cymric  branch  of  the  Celtic  stock  ;  and  I 
wish  to  assure  CAMBRIAN  that  I  have  no  desire  to 
depreciate  anything  connected  with  Welsh  litera- 
ture or  literary  men;  that  I  highly  value  the 
language  (one  which  I  learned  many  years  ago 
with  enthusiasm) ;  but  in  my  long  acquaintance 
with  Welsh  literature,  I  am  struck  with  the  want 
of  appreciation  shown  to  the  living,  and  with  the 
manner  in  which  praise  is  bestowed  thickly  on  the 
dead.  Some  discrimination  in  these  things  might 
be  judicious  :  also,  it  is  not  wise  to  represent  men 
who  have  risen  as  though  they  had  through  birth 
that  which  they  have  obtained  by  abilities  and 
exertions.  A  novus  homo  is  not  elevated  by  giving 
him  a  supposed  position.  L^LIUS. 


HARVEY  OF  WANGEY  HOUSE. 

(3rd  S.  v.  247.) 

So  much  interest  seems  to  be  felt  in  the  Har- 
veys  of  Wangey  and  Aldborough  Hatch,  in  con- 
sequence I  suppose  of  their  connexion  with  Dr. 
-Uonne,  that  I  am  induced  to  publish  all  the 
entries  of  the  family  to  be  found  in  the  parish 
registers  of  Dagenham,  Barking,  &c, ;  and  also 
the  very  quaint  epitaph  of  James  Harvey,  at  Da- 
jenham  by  way  of  addenda  to  my  note  on  the 
the  family  in  "  JSL  &  Q.,"  3rd  S.  v.  42 


Many  more  Harvey  entries  appear  in  these 
registers,  but  they  manifestly  relate  to  families 
holding  an  inferior  social  position  to  the  Donne 
Harvey  s. 

N"o  record  of  Samuel  Harvey's  burial,  nor  of 
the  burial  of  his  first  wife  Constance  Donne,  ap- 
pears at  Dagenham.  He  died  in,  or  about,  the 
year  1655,  and  was  most  likely  buried  in  the 
family  vault  at  Dagenham ;  but  the  register  there 
was  at  that  time  badly  kept.  It  is  possible,  how- 
ever, that  he  was  buried  with  his  grandfather.  Sir 
James  Harvey  at  St.  Dionis  Backchurch. 

ENTRIES  AT  DAGENHAM. 

(Register  begins  1598.) 

1598-9.  Issabell,  ye  daughter  of  James  Harvie,  gentle- 
man, was  bapt.  ye       dale  of  Feb. 
[Of  Wangey  House,  second  son  of  Sir  James  Harvey.] 

1600.  John,  the  sonne  of  Jaines  Harvie,  gentleman,  was 
bapt.  the  23  Sept. 

1602.  Thomas,  the  sonne  of  James  Harvye,  gent.,  bapt. 

the  21  Julie. 

1604.  Mary,  the  daughter  of  Mr.  James  Harvie,  bapt. 

20  Nov. 

1605.  Sarah  filia  Jacobi  Haruye  Armiger,  bapt.  13  Dec. 
1607.  Samuel,  sonne  Jacobi  Harui  Armiger  bapt.  6  April. 

[Married  at  Camberwell,  June  24, 1630,  to  Constance, 
daughter  of  Dr.  Donne,  and  widow  of  Edward 
Alleyn.] 
1609.  Martha,  daughter  of  James  Haruye,  Esq.,  bapt. 

29  of  Sept. 

1612.  Rebecca,  ye  daughter  of  James  Harvye,  Esq.,  bapt. 
25  of  Oct. 

1614.  Thomas,  sonne  of  Mr.  James  Harvye,  bapt.  17  Oct. 
1616.  Edward,  sonne  of  James  Harvye,  Esq.,  bapt.  yc 

30  June. 

1659.  Thomas,  sonne  of  James  Harvey,  Esq.,  bapt.  Dec. 

24, 1659. 

[Second  son  of  Samuel  and  Constance  Harvey.] 
1661.  Anne,  daughter  of  Mr.  James  Harvey,  bapt.  May  30. 

1663.  James,  the    sonne  of  Mr.   James  Harvey,  bapt. 

Aug.  8. 

1664.  Winnifrith,  the  daughter  of  Mr.  Thomas  Harvey, 

bapt.  May  30. 

.  Elizabeth,  ye  daughter  of  James  Harvy,  Esq.,  bapt. 

Dec.  15. 

1665.  Katherine,  daughter  of  James  Harvey,  Esq.,  bapt. 

Dec.  11. 
1667.  John,  sone  of  James  Harvey,  Esq.,  bapt.  Aug.  29. 

1615.  Edward  Osborne,  Esq.,  and  Frances,  daughter  of 

James  Harvye,  Esq.,  marryed  4  Decembris. 
1624.  Roger  Thorneton,  Esq.,  wid.,  and  Ann  Hervye, 
sing.,  were  marryed  yc  third  of  June. 

1603.  Thomas,  the  sonne  of  James  Harvie,  gent.,  buryed 

the  24  Oct. 

1605.  Sarah,  daughter  to  James  Haruye,  Esquire,  sepult. 
Dec. 

1609.  Thomas  Haruye,  buried  30  Nov. 

1610.  Mr.  William  Haruye,  gent.,  buried  yc  9  March. 
[Youngest  son  of  Sir  James   Haruey  of  Wangey 

House.] 

1614.  Thomas,  sonn  of  James  Haruye,  Esq.,  buried  14  of 
March. 

1616.  James  and  Edward,  sonnes  of  Jamea  Haruye,  Esq., 

buryed  ye  26  Sept. 


3*d  S.  V.  APRIL  16,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


327 


1626.  Martha,  daughter  of  James  Harvye,  Esq.,  buryed 

ye  14  of  March. 

1627.  Mar  Jeames  Haruey,  Esq.,  buryed  ye  3  of  Aprill. 

His  Monument  in  the  Corner  of  ye  Vestry. 

-  .  Rebecca,  daughter  of  Mrs.  Harvy,  wid.,  buryed  y 

4  of  June. 

1638.  Frances  Harvey,  buryed  Jan.  23. 
1644.  Susanna,  the  wyffe  of  Mr.  Samuell  Haruey,  buryed 

April  9. 
1656.  John  Harvey,  Esq.,  buryed  Sept.  20. 

[I  am  not  sure  if  this  gentleman  was  elder  brother 

or  eldest  son  of  Samuel  Harvey.] 
1668.  John,  son  of  James  Harvey,  Esq.,  buried  Oct  21. 
1670.  Ann,  daughter  of  Mr.  Harvey,  Esq.,  buried  .Nov.  8. 
1672.  A  Major  Deringham,  from  Mr.  Harvies,  Jan.  21. 

-  .  Ann,  wife  of  James  Harvey,  Esq.,  buried  June  the  12. 
[I  believe  that  she  was  daughter  of  Thomas  Bon- 

ham,  Esq.,  of  Valence  :  a  curious  old  moated  house, 
still  standing,  near  Wangey  House.] 
1677-8.  James  Harvey,  Gent.,  buryed  Jan.  21. 

[Seconds  on,  and  eventual  heir,  of  Samuel  Harvey. 
He  sold  the  Wangey  estate  shortly  before  his 
death.] 

BARKING  REGISTER. 

1632.  Thomas,  the  sonne  of  Mr.  Samuel  Harvy,  bapt.  at 

Aubrey  Hatch,  Sept.  13. 

1631.  ffrancis,  daughter  of  James  Harvie,  bapt.  Jan.  23. 
1624.  Captaine  Harvye,  buried  Sept.  16. 
1630.  John  Haruie,  buried  Sept.  27. 
1685.  Elizabeth  Harvey,  widdowe,  Jan.  18. 

-  Frances  Harvey,  widdowe,  March  3. 

ROMFORD   REGISTER. 

1634.  James  Harvey,  son  of  Samuel,  at  Havering,  bapt. 

July  7. 
1648.  Agnes  Harvie,  daughter  of  Samuel  Harvie,  gent., 

bapt.  Nov.  17. 

[Samuel  Harvey  inherited  Pondmans,  and  other 
estates,  in  Romford  parish.] 

HORNCHURCH  REGISTER.         * 

1598.  Mr.  Nicholas  Cowtrond  and  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Harvye, 

married  Aug.  31. 

1599.  Sebastian  Harvy,  gent.,  and  Mary  Tryon,  of  the 

parish  of  St.  Christfer's,  in  London,  married 
Apr.  23. 
[Eldest  son  of  Sir  James  Harvey  :  died  21  Feb.  1620.] 

8TRATFORD-LE-BOW   REGISTER. 

1622.  Sr  Thomas  Hynton,  of  Chilton  Foliot,  Knt.,  and 
the  Lady  Mary  Harvie,  late  wife  of  Sir  Sebas- 
tian Harvie,  Knt.,  married  Oct.  1. 
[Quoted  by  Lysons.] 

On  east  wall  of  the  rector's  chancel  (used  as  a 
vestry  room),  Dagenham  church  :—Arms.  Or,  a 
chevron  between  three  leopards'  faces,  gules,  for 
Harvey.  Argent,  two  bends  engrailed  sable,  a 
label  of  three  points  (query  gules  ?),  for  Radcliffe. 
Same,  impaled,  at  bottom. 

Inscription. 

"  Were  here  no  Epitaph,  nor  Monvment, 
Nor  line,  nor  marble  to  declare  the  intent, 
Yet  goodnes  hath  a  lastinge  memory, 
The  jvst  are  like  to  Kings  that  never  dye. 
Their  death  a  passage,  or  translation  is, 
An  end  of  woes,  an  orient  to  Bliss 
- 


. 

Tin-ice  happy  covple  that  doe  now  posses 
'  of  theire  good  workes  and  holvness. 


l'li«'  frvits 


Now  God  rewards  theire  allmes  and  Charitye, 
Their  strict  observinge  Saboath's  pyetie. 
Here  were  they  wont  to  spend  their  Seaventh  day, 
Heere  was  theire  loue,  their  life,  theire  Heaven's  way. 
Heere  did  they  pray,  bvt  now  they  praises  singe, 
And  God  accepts  their  Sovles  sweete  Offeringe. 
Onleye  theire  bodyes  heere  remaine  in  grovnd, 
Waitinge  the  svrge  of  the  last  Trvmpet's  sovnd. 
"  Heere  lyeth  JAMES  HARVY,  Esq.,  second  Sonne  of 
Sr  James  Harvy,  Knt.,  some  tyme  Lord  Mayor  of  Lon- 
don.    He  tooke  to  wife  Elizabeth,    second  davghter  of 
Anthony  Radcliffe,  some  tyme  Alderman  of  London;  and 
lived  with  her  in  holy  wedlocke  above  six-and-thirty 
yeares,  and  had  issve  by  her  eight  Sonnes  and  nine 
davghters;  he  departed  this  life  the  second  of  April, 
An°  Dni.  1627,  setatis  svae  67 :  and  the  said  Elizabeth 
svrvived  him  one  yeare  and  odd  dayes,  and  departed  this 
life  the  eight  of  Ivne,  An0  Dni.  1628,  setatis  svaj  55.*  .  .  . 
whose  bodyes  are  both  heere  interred,   wayting  for  the 
gloriovs  Cominge  of  ovr  Blessed  Saviovr." 

EDWARD  J.  SAGE. 

Stoke  Newington. 


A  GENTLEMAN'S  SIGNET  (3rd  S.  v.  281)— I  know 
not  to  whom  the.  signet  may  belong ;  but  as  to 
the  crest,  it  belongs  to  the  family  of  Horsbrugh, 
of  Horsbrugh,  in  Peebleshire,  sometimes  called 
Horsbrugh  of  Pirn,  from  another  estate  which 
they  possess  in  the  county.  A  branch  of  the  same 
family  has  been  long  settled  in  Fife,  and  they  also 
use  the  crest.  The  legend  about  the  crest,  how 
it  was  obtained,  and  the  meaning  of  the  name, 
may  be  found  in  an  old  book,  entitled  The  Beauties 
of  Scotland,  in  the  account  of  Peebleshire.  I  have 
not  a  copy  of  the  book ;  but  so  far  as  I  remember, 
it  contains  a  sketch  of  Horsbrugh  Castle,  now  a 
ruin.  J.  H. 

EDWARD  HAMPDEN  ROSE  (3rd  S.  v.  259.)  —  I 
well  remember  that  poor  Rose  was  an  ordinary 
seaman  on  board  "  L'Impetueux,"  of  eighty  guns  ; 
and  that  while  belonging  to  that  ship,  he  pub- 
lished various  small  poems  in  newspapers,  and  in 
the  old  Naval  Chronicle,  under  the  signature  of 
44  A  Foremast  Man." 

The  Sea  Devil,  to  which  R.  I.  alludes,  was  not 
published  at  the  time  I  speak  of;  but  it  is  said  to 
have  evinced  much  knowledge  of  human  nature, 
though  with  a  tendency  to  satire. 

With  a  view  of  bettering  his  condition,  Rose 
was  sent  from  "  L'Impetueux "  into  the  *4  Semi- 
ramis"  frigate  as  purser's  steward!  He  died  in 
the  Naval  Hospital  at  Plymouth,  in  1810,  of  a  con- 
sumption ;  alleged  to  be  a  consequence  of  his 
having  served  on  shore  in  the  pestilent  marshes 
of  Walcheren.  Some  elegiac  verses  to  his  me- 
mory, signed  "N.  T.  C.,"  are  to  be  seen  in  the 
twenty-fourth  volume  of  the  Naval  Chronicle, 
pp.  325,  326.  2. 


*  Her  burial  is  not  entered  in  the  register, 
noticed  many  such  omissions  at  Dagenhaui. 


I  have 


328 


KOTES  AND  QUERIES 


[3'd  S.  V.  APRIL  16,  '64. 


GOVERNORS  OF  GUERNSEY  (3rd  S.  iv.  456.)  — 
The  following  names  are  given  in  Warburton's 
Treatise  on  the  History,  Laws,  and  Customs  of  the 
Island  of  Guernsey  (1822)  :  — 

"  1554.  Leonard  Chamberlaine,  and  Francis  Chamber- 
laine.  The  words  of  the  patent  are  :  —  '  Ipsosq. 
Leon,  et  Franc.  Chamberlaine,  Capitaneos, 
Custodes,  Gubernatores,  et  eorum  utrumq. 
Capt.  Gust,  et  Gubern.  Insularum  et  Castro- 
rum,  &c.'  Pat.  1  and  2  Mariae,  p.  13.  (July 
25,  1554—24  July,  1555.) 

"  1570.  Sir  Thomas  Leighton.  12  Eliz.  (Nov.  17,  1569 
—Nov.  16,  1570.)  The  Lord  Zouche  was  his 
Deputy  Governor,  and  is,  in  an  order  of  Coun- 
cil, called  his  substitute. 

"  The  Bailiffs  of  Guernsey,  during  the  reign  of  Eliza- 
beth were  — 

«  1549—1562.  Hellier  Gosselin. 
1563  —  1571.  Thomas  Compton. 
1571—1581.  Guillaume  De  Beauvoir. 
1581—1587.  Thomas  Wigmore;  who  was  deprived 
of  his  post  Sept.  16,  1587,  by  order  of 
of  the  Queen. 
1588—1600.  Louis  Devyck;  who  resigned,  because 

of  sickness. 
1600—1631.  Amice  de  Carteret." 

The  former  of  each  of  the  double  dates  is  the 
year  when  "  sworn  in."  As  somewhat  fuller  than 
the  list  given  from  Berry's  History  of  Guernsey, 
I  venture  to  send  this,  for  the  information  of  IN- 

QUISITUS.  A.    S    A. 

GREEK  EPIGRAM  (3rd  S.  v.  195,  269.)  — 

N-fjiriov  apTt6a\rf  yv/j.v6v  r   4irl  yovvaffi  jurjrpos, 


bpuv  peiSidots  ffv  <f>i\ovs. 

Can  any  of  your  readers  point  out  where  the 
Arabic  text  can  be  found  ?*  The  English  version 
attributed  to  Carlyle  by  the  Anthologia  Oxoniensis 
is  in  my  private  MS.  copy  ascribed  to  the  late 
Rev.  C.  Colton,  the  author  of  Lacon,  in  which  in- 
stead of  "  So  live  that  in  thy  latest  hour,"  is  read 
"  at  thy  dying  hour  ;"  and  for  "  we  "  and  "  floods" 
of  the  following  line,  "  they  "  and  -"  flood."  Some 
trifling  variants  also  occur  in  the  other  English 
form  given  in  3rd  S.  v.  195.  WITTALP. 

Conservative  Club. 

SACK  (2nd  S.  xii.  287,  452,  468.)—  By  a  singular 
coincidence  I  called  upon  a  wine-merchant  and 
was  invited  to  taste  "  a  cup  of  sack"  with  him  on 
the  same  day  that  I  chanced  to  light  upon  certain 
notes  in  your  Second  Series  in  reference  to  this 
word.  The  wine  given  me  as  a  great  honour  by 
my  friend,  who  is  of  the  old  school,  had  been  im- 
ported by  him  many  years  ago  from  the  Canaries, 
and  I  was  assured  that  the  only  real  thing  of  the 
kind  was,  and  is,  a  Canary  wine.  He  added  that 
sherris  sack,  beloved  of  Falstaff,  was  either  a  made 
wine  or  else  a  negus,  maintaining  that  sack  pure  was 

[*  The  Arabic  text  is  given  by  Mr.  Carlyle  in  his 
Specimens  of  Arabian  Poetry,  p.  25.—  ED.] 


only  to  be  had  from  the  Canaries.  It  obtained  its 
name,  he  said,  no  doubt,  from  the  source  indicated 
by  QUEEN'S  GARDENS,  viz.,  from  saccus,  the  goat- 
skin sack  in  which  the  wine  was  originally  brought 
down  from  the  mountain-side  vineyard.  Some 
one  present  contended  for  sec  or  siccus,  but  the 
wine  was  anything  but  dry.  It  agreed  with  M.  F.'s 
description  (2nd  S.  xii.  452),  pale  amber  in  colour, 
slightly  sweet,  just  a  wee  bit  earthy,  and  as 
pleasant  and  seductive,  I  fear,  to  myself,  a  poor 
curate,  and  therefore,  per  force,  a  temperate  man, 
as  to  the  bon  vivant  FalstafF.  The  sum  of  "  10s. 
a  pinte  of  sack  and  a  role,"  was,  according  to  fre- 
quent entries  in  the  churchwardens'  accounts  of 
the  parish  in  which  I  reside,  the  usual  vestry 
allowance  for  lecturers  and  preachers  in  the  seven- 
teenth century.  Sometimes  it  is  "  a  pinte  of  Ca- 
narie."  From  the  wealth  and  importance  of  Ca- 
narie  merchants,  this  must  have  been  a  popular 
drink  in  Shakspeare's  time,  and  during  the  Stuart 
dynasty.  See  The  Life  of  Marmaduke  Rawdon, 
Camden  Society,  1863.  JUXTA  TURRIM. 

COUNT  DE  MONTALEMBERT  (3rd  S.  iv.  453.)  — 
Charles-Forbes  Comte  de  Montalembert,  was  born 
March  10,  1810,  in  London,  where  his  father, 
Marc-Rene,  descended  from  an  ancient  family  in 
Poitou,  was  then  residing  as  an  emigre;  his 
mother*  was  Eliza,  only  daughter  of  Mr.  James 
Forbes,  F.G.S.,  F.R.S.,  F.A.S.,  &c.,  author  of 
Oriental  Memoirs  (1813),  and  of  several  other 
works.  Mr.  Forbes  was  born  in  1749,  in  London, 
of  a  Scottish  family,  and  died  Aug.  1,  1819;  he  was 
in  the  civil  service  of  the  East  India  Company  at 
Bombay  from  1765  to  1783;  and  being  in  France 
in  1803,  he  was  among  the  numerous  detenus  con- 
fined at  Verdun,  but  was  released  with  his  family 
in  1804,  as  a  man  of  science,  by  the  mediation  of 
the  French  Institute,  a  fact  highly  honourable  to 
that  learned  body,  and  creditable  to  Napoleon. 
Though  I  am  unable  to  affiliate  Mr.  Forbes  with 
the  Aberdeenshire  family  of  the  same  name,  either 
at  Donside or  Corsindae,  the  fact  is  very  probable; 
and  it  reflects  honour  on  Scotland,  or  any  country, 
to  be  connected  with  such  a  philosopher  and 
Christian  as  Montalembert.  Local  inquiries  could 
surely  elucidate  the  descent,  and  SCOTUS  must 
have  opportunities  of  doing  so,  which  I  cannot 
possess  in  India.  A.  S.  A. 

MORGANATIC  (3rd  S.  v.  235.)  —  In  attributing 
to  morganatic  marriages  any  connection  with  the 
Fata   Morgana,   I  take  it  for  granted  that  Di 
BELL  is  merely  indulging  in  a  play  of  fancy.    Bu 
as  the  word  is,  as  he  observes,  one  of  considerable 
importance  at  the  present  day,  it  may  not  be  amis 
to  look  into  what  its  etymology  really  is.     A  lef 
handed  or  morganatic  marriage  is  one  contract 

*  Who  is  styled  "  a  Scotch  lady  of  strong  charact 
and  remarkable  ability"  (characteristics  inherited  by  1 
distinguished  son). 


3rA  S.  V.  APRIL  16,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


329 


between  a  prince  of  a  sovereign  house  and  a  wife  of 
inferior  condition.  The  children  do  not  succeed 
to  the  father's  dignities,  and  have  no  claim  upon 
any  part  of  his  property  beyond  what,  to  use  an 
English  phrase,  was  put  in  settlement  at  the  time 
of  the  marriage.  The  property  settled  on  the 
marriage  was  anciently  called  morgengabe,  and 
from  this  word— or,  as  Heineccius  supposes,  from 
morgengnade — was  formed  the  Low  Latin  mor- 
ganatic, and  a  marriage  contracted  on  these  terms 
was  styled  matrimonium  ad  legem  morganaticam. 
The  nature  of  such  a  marriage  is  clearly  and  suc- 
cinctly set  forth  by  Heineccius,  Elementa  Juris 
Germanici,  lib.  i.  §  311 : — • 

"Natura  ac  indoles  earum  [nuptiarum]  consistit  in 
pacto  morganatico,  quo,  acceptis  certis  praediis,  vel  pro- 
missa  certa  pecunise  summa,  turn  uxor,  turn  liberi  inde 
nati,  et  dignitatis  paternae  et  succedendi  juris  exsortes 
sunt." 

MELETES. 

LONDON  SMOKE,  ETC.  (3rd  S.  v.  258.)  — A  re- 
flection from  the  numerous  iron  works  in  the  dis- 
trict adjacent  to  Dudley,  popularly  called  the 
Black  Country,  is  distinctly  visible  at  night  from 
my  residence  in  Worcestershire,  twenty  miles  dis- 
tant, exhibiting  a  brilliant  illumination  of  the  sky 
in  that  direction.  Some  years  past,  on  ascending  the 
Brown  Clee  Hill,  the  highest  elevation  in  Shrop- 
shire, I  observed  the  larch  plantations  near  the  sum- 
mit covered  with  a  smoky  deposit,  similar  to  the 
trees  in  the  London  parks.  This  is  said  to  arise 
from  the  smoke  of  the  iron  district  above  men- 
tioned being  carried  by  elevated  currents  of  air, 
until  deposited  on  this  lofty  isolated  hill,  the  first 
high  eminence  to  the  westward,  and  at  least  four- 
teen miles  distant.  Has  such  a  phenomenon  of 
distant  smoke  been  observed  elsewhere  ? 

THOS.  E.  WlNNINGTON. 

RELIABLE  (3rd  S.  v.  266.)  —I  have  a  word  to 
say  on  behalf  of  "  reliable,"  and  am  encouraged  to 
say  it  now  by  observing,  that  the  last  objector  to 
the  term  who  appears  in  "  N.  &  Q."  has  had  the 
kindness  to  state  his  objection  in  clear  terms.  We 
may  say  "justifiable"  from  "  to  justify;"  but  we 
cannot  say  "  dependable"  from  "  to  depend  on," 
because  of  the  "  on."  "Reliable,"  from  "to  rely 
on,"  is  equally  faulty. 

I  would  submit,  however,  that  "  reliable  "  rests 
on  much  the  same  footing  as  "  liable  ;"  both  must 
stand  or  fall  together.  Liable  is  from  the  French 
Her  ;  reliable  is  from  the  French  relier. 

First,  from  Her,  to  bind,  comes  liable,  properly 
meaning  "that  maybe  bound:"  hence,  one  that 
s  answerable ;  one  that  is  actually  obliged,  in 
law  or  equity, — with  other  meanings. 

Secondly,  from  relier  (also  in  the  sense  of  to 
bind,  as  relier  un  livre,  to  bind  a  book,)  comes 
"  reliable,"  properly  "  that  may  be  bound  "  and 
hence  "  trustworthy." 


So  when  the  question  is  about  liberating  a 
prisoner  on  bail,  the  bail,  if  good  and  sufficient,  is 
"  reliable,"  and  may  be  taken ;  i.  e.  the  person 
offering  himself  as  surety  may  be  bound  for  the 
prisoner's  appearance  in  court,  and  the  prisoner 
may  be  released  from  custody.  In  a  more  ex- 
tended meaning,  any  person  or  any  thing  on 
which  dependance  can  be  placed,  may  be  called 
"reliable." 

It  may  be  freely  granted,  that  if  "reliable" 
had  no  better  source  than  the  verb  "to  rely 
upon,"  the  etymology  would  be  vicious,  as  shown 
by  your  correspondent.  But  this,  I  would  humbly 
submit,  is  not  the  whole  of  the  story.  As  "  liable" 
from  Her,  so  "  reliable  "  from  relier.  SCHIN. 

MEDIAEVAL  CHURCHES  IN  ROMAN  CAMPS  (3rd  S. 
v.  173.)  —  Some  years  ago,  at  Chester-le- Street, 
in  Durham,  I  was  present  at  some  excavations 
where  inscriptions  proved  that  the  second  legion  of 
the  Tungrians  had  once  been  quartered  there.  In- 
quiring where  was  the  supposed  site  of  the  station, 
I  was  shown  an  oblong  site,  parallel  to  the  Great 
North  Road,  and  containing  within  it  not  only 
the  parish  church  and  churchyard,  but  (unless  my 
memory  fails  me)  also  the  rectory  and  gardens. 
Considering  whether  this  fact  worked  for  or  against 
the  traditionary  locality,  I  concluded  these  in  its 
favour;  reasoning  thus,  that  when  the  last  Roman 
soldier  left  it,  the  neighbours  remaining  would  not 
permit  it  to  go  into  any  private  appropriation  unless 
by  arrangement,  and  therefore  it  would  remain 
common  to  them  all,  and  a  very  likely  site  to  be  de- 
voted for  all  public  purposes,  and  especially  for 
those  of  worship,  on  the  introduction  of  Chris- 
tianity. Viewed  thus,  I  think  that  where  tradi- 
tion places  the  site  of  a  station  around  a  church  or 
any  other  public  institution,  such  tradition  has 
the  probabilities  in  its  favour.  R.  N. 

SIR  JOHN  MOORE'S  MONUMENT  (3rd  S.  v.  269.) — 
Your  correspondent  DAVID  GAM  is  not  perhaps 
aware,  that  the  inscription  on  the  monument  of 
Sir  John  Moore,  at  Coruna,  is  in  Latin,  and  runs 
thus  :  — 

"  Hie  cecidit  Joannes  Moore : 
Dux  Exercitus :  in  pugna ; 
Jan.  xvi,  1809 :  contra  Gallos ; 
XA  Duce  Dalmatian  ductos." 

The  epitaph  as  given  by  Borrow,  is  not,  there- 
fore, quite  correct.  Indeed,  his  well-known  work, 
The  Bible  in  Spain,  is  not  to  be  depended  upon  ; 
it  is  full  of  inaccuracies  and  misstatements.  Mr. 
Ford,  in  his  Handbook  of  Spain  (Part  n.  p.  597, 
London,  1855),  gives  a  short  history  of  the  monu- 
ment. It  appears  that  the  tomb  was  restored  and 
enclosed,  in  1824,  by  our  Consul  Mr.  Bartlett; 
by  the  order,  and  at  the  expense  of  the  English 
government.  In  the  year  1839,  General  Maza- 
redo,  who  had  lived  some  time  in  England,  raised  a 
subscription  amongst  his  English  friends,  cleansed 


330 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3"1  S.  V.  APRIL  16,  '64. 


the  tomb,  and  planted  about  two  acres  of  ground 
as  a  public  walk,  or  Alameda. 

It  was  not  Soult,  or  the  "  chivalrous  French " 
who  raised  the  monument,  but  the  English  go- 
vernment. Soult,  however,  added  the  inscrip- 
tion ;  which  seems  to  have  given  some  offence  to 
the  Spaniards.  The  inscription  was  originally 
cut  on  a  rock,  adjoining  the  spot  where  the  gal- 
lant General  fell.  J.  D ALTON. 

Norwich. 

POETICAL  QUOTATION  (3rd  S.  ii.  9.)  —  The  pas- 
sage beginning,  "  As  when  they  went  for  Pales- 
tine "  is  from  "  The  Aristocracy  of  France,"  in  a 
volume  of  Historic  Fancies,  by  Hon.  Geo.  Sydney 
Smythe,  M.P.  London,  1844.  W.  S.  APPLETON. 

FAMILY  or  NICHOLAS  BAYLEY  (3rd  S.  iv.  351.) 
Some  account  of  the  descendants  of  Nicholas  Bay- 
ley  may  be  found  in  Burke's  History  of  the  Landed 
Gentry,  edition  of  1853,  under  the  family  of  the 
name ;  also  in  anv  genealogical  account  of  the 
Paget  family,  as  m  the  Supplement  to  Collins's 
Peerage.  Concerning  his  ancestors,  I  believe 
nothing  more  is  known  than  can  be  read  in  the 
Athena  Oxonienses.  The  statement  inserted  by 
Dr.  Bliss  that  Nicholas  Bayley  was .  the  bishop's 
younger  son  is  probably  wrong,  and  is  entirely  at 
variance  with  the  words  of  Ant.  A' Wood  himself; 
every  other  authority  with  which  I  am  fami- 
liar, makes  him  to  be  the  eldest  son  and  heir.  I 
will  add  here  a  fact  which  seems  not  to  have  been 
known  to  any  biographer  of  the  bishop,  that  his 
second  wife  was  Judith,  daughter  of  Thomas 
Appleton  of  Holbrook  Hall,  in  Little  Walding- 
field,  Suffolk,  and  sister  of  Samuel  Appleton,  who 
emigrated  to  New  England  in  1635.  She  was 
the  mother  of  the  bishop's  younger  sons  Theodore 
and  Thomas.  Her  son  Thomas  carelessly  calls 
her  a  knight's  daughter,  whereas  it  was  her  oldest 
brother  Isaac,  who  received  that  honour  in  1603. 

W.  S.  APPLETON. 

Boston,  Mass.,  U.  S.  A. 

LONGEVITY  OF  INCUMBENT  AND  CURATE  (3rd  S. 
v.  257.) — I  am  surprised  that  JUXTA  TURRIM,  or 
some  other  contributor,  has  never  sent  you  the 
remarkable  instance  of  the  Rev.  Samuel  Johnes 
Knight,  vicar  of  Allhallows  Barking  for  sixty- 
nine  years,  from  1783  to  1852;  and  that  of  his 
locum  tenens  (for  the  vicar  never  resided),  the 
Rev.  Henry  G.  White,  curate  of  the  same  parish 
and  to  the  same  incumbent,  for  forty-two  years. 

E.  S.  C. 

HERALDIC  (3rd  S.  v.  213.)  —  Sandford,  in  his 
Genealogical  History  of  England,  describes  the 
coat  armour  of  Lionel  of  Antwerp,  Duke  of 
Clarence,  taken  from  monuments  at  Westminster 
and  Windsor,  thus : — Quarterly  France  and  Eng- 
land semee,  a  label  of  3  points  argent,  each  charged 
with  a  canton  gules.  The  same  authority  gives 
the  arms  of  John  of  Gaunt,  a  label  of  3  points 


ermine,  to  distinguish  his  coat  from  his  brother 
Lionel.  The  arms  of  Richard,  Earl  of  Cambridge, 
and  Anne  Mortimer  his  wife,  were  in  the  cloister 
window  of  Fotheringhay  :  quarterly  France  and 
England,  a  label  of  3  points  argent,  each  charged 
with  as  many  torteaux,  impaling  Mortimer  and 
Burgh.  I  cannot  discover  any  distinctive  coat  of 
Richard,  Duke  of  York,  his  son.  George,  Duke  of 
Clarence  bore  a  distinctive  label  of  3  points  ar- 
gent, charged  with  a  canton  gules.  His  daughter, 
Margaret,  Countess  of  Salisbury,  bore  the  same 
arms,  together  with  those  of  Salisbury,  Beau- 
champ,  and  Warwick.  THOS.  E.  WINNINGTON. 

ANONYMOUS  CONTRIBUTIONS  TO  "  N.  &  Q."  (3rd 
S.  v.  307.)  —  As  others  are  giving  their  opinions, 
perhaps  one  who  has  been  a  contributor  from  the 
second  volume  of  the  First  Series  may  be  allowed 
a  few  lines.  I  concur  with  all  that  PROFESSOR 
DE  MORGAN  says,  except  that  the  editor  should 
"  never  print  anything  without  being  in  private 
possession  of  the  writer's  name."  Had  that  been 
the  rule,  I  should  never  have  begun  to  contribute. 
Many  apparently  trifling  queries  have  led  to  good 
correspondence,  though  probably  the  querists 
would  have  thought  them  too  trifling  for  enclosing 
their  cards.  An  anonymous  statement  of  facts, 
I  presume,  is  always  rejected.  In  quoting  from 
books  it  is  desirable  that  the  chapter,  page,  and 
edition  should  be  given  ;  and  I  have  often  delayed 
what  seemed  to  me  a  satisfactory  communication, 
because  I  would  not  quote  at  second-hand  what  I 
might  expect  to  do  at  first.  If  a  verification  is 
made  at  the  British  Museum,  the  book  ticket  is  a 
good  voucher. 

"  N.  &  Q."  has  grown  too  big  for  lodgings,  and 
is  obliged  to  have  a  house.  With  such  evidence 
of  thriving,  I  should  think  a  long  time  before  ad- 
vising any  change.  H.  B.  C.  * 

PAUL  BOWES  (1st  S.  vii.  547 ;  3rd  S.  v.  247.)  - 
His  son  Martin,  born  in  London,  was  admitted  a 
pensioner  of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  April 
16,  1686,  set.  sixteen,  but  took  no  degree. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

"  CENTURY  OF  INVENTIONS  "  (3rd  S.  v.  155.)  — 
Watt,  in  his  Bibliotheca  Britannica,  mentions  only 
the  London  edition  of  1663.  I  possess  another  of 
1767,  printed  by  Foulis,  Glasgow,  in  the  beautiful 
type  of  that  press,  but  have  no  knowledge  of  any 
others.  THOS.  E.  WINNINGTON. 

ANTHONY  HAMMOND.  2nd  S.  xi.  431,  493 ;  xii. 
33,  56,  contains  references  to  the  "  silver-tongued 
Hammond,"  in  the  early  part  of  the  last  century 
M.P.  for  Huntingdon,  and  Commissioner  of  the 
Navy.  A  common-place  book  of  his,  with  several 
other  note-books  in  his  handwriting,  is  stated  to 
be  preserved  in  the  Rawlinson  MSS.  in  the  Bod- 
leian Library.  He  is  said  to  have  been  a  poet. 

[*  H.  B.  C,  is  right.    We  share  his  hesitation.— ED.] 


3"»  S.  V.  APRIL  16,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


331 


Being  interested  in  the  period,  1700-30,  I  should 
be  gTad  to  obtain  any  particulars  of  any  such 
poems.  I  have  evidence  that  he  was  a  pamphleteer, 
nnd  a  book  collector,  in  a  thick  octavo  volume  of 
Tracts,  dated  from  1710  to  1725.  To  this  volume 
he  has  written  a  table  of  contents,  occupying  two 
pages,  and  has  also  annotated  the  margins.  No.  5 
is,*"  Some  Remarks  and  Observations  relating  to 
the  Transactions  of  the  Year  1720"  (pp.27), 
London,  1724.  In  the  contents  Mr.  Hammond  has 
written,  "  Bubble  year,  1720.  Stole  from  No.  (9)." 
Behind  the  title,  "27  March,  1725.  Ant.  Ham- 
mond." I  do  not  stop  to  quote  his  marginal  notes, 
which  are  chiefly  verbal,  but  turn  to  No.  9,  in  the 
same  volume,  "  A  Modest  Apology  occasioned  by 
the  late  unhappy  Turn  of  Affairs  with  Relation  to 
Public  Credit,  fey  a  Gentleman.  Infelicis  Domus 
unicus  cliens"  (pp.  29).  London,  1721.  In  the 
contents,  after  the  word  "  Credit,"  he  has  written 
"p.  A.  H.  Vid.  the  plagiarism,  No.  (5)."  On  the 
the  title,  after  the  word  "  Gentleman,"  is  written, 
"p.  A.  H."  Behind  the  title,  "24  June,  1725. 
Ant.  Hammond."  The  tract  is  a  clear,  concise, 
and  moderate  retrospect  of  the  preceding  year,  in 
which  (besides  those  covered  by  acts  of  parlia- 
ment), Mr.  Hammond  says  he  had  made  a  list  of 
one  hundred  and  seven  bubbles,  with  a  nominal 
stock  of  93,600,000^,  involving  a  loss  of  14,040,000/. 
No.  2  in  the  volume  is  entitled  "  Advice  and  Con- 
siderations for  the  Electors  of  Great  Britain " 
(pp.  32).  London,  1722.  At  the  back  of  the  title 
Mr.  Hammond  has  written,  "  This  pamphlet  was 
writ  by  Will.  Wood,  Esq.  It  contains  many  use- 
ful calculations  relating  to  the  public  debts,  re- 
venues, and  trade.  26  Mar.  1725.  Ant.  Ham- 
mond." I  ought  to  add  that  a  considerable  part 
of  Tract  No.  5  in  the  volume,  is  clearly  stolen 
from  that  written  by  Mr.  Hammond,  No.  9. 

W.  LEE. 

THE  PASSING  BELL  OF  ST.  SEPULCHRE'S  (3rd  S. 
v.  170.) — In  the  letter  quoted  by  your  correspon- 
dent, T.  B.,  it  is  stated,  "  that  the  parish  of  St. 
Sepulchre  should  appoint  some  one  to  go  to  New- 
gate on  the  night  previous  to  the  execution,"  &c. 
From  the  following  extract  from  Stowe's  London, 
1618,  p.  25,  it  would  appear  that  the  exhortation 
to  repentance  ought  to  be  repeated  by  a  clergy- 
man :  — 

"  Robert  Done,  citizen  and  merchant  taylor,  of  London, 

gave  to  the  parish  church  of  St.  Sepulchre's  the  somme  of 

;50.    That  after  the  several  sessions  of  London,  when  the 

prisoners  remain  in  the  gaole,  as  condemned  men  to  death, 

expecting  execution  on  the  morrow  following,  the  clarke 

that  is,  the  parson)  of  the  church  shoold  come  in  the 

it  time,  and  likewise  early  in  the  morning,  to  the 

ndow  of  the  prison  where  they  lye,  and  there  ringing 

<-ertam  toles  with  a  hand  bell  appointed  for  the  purpose, 

he  doth  afterwards  (in  most  Christian  manner)  put  them 

i   BUM  of  their  present  condition,  and  ensuing  execu- 

ion     desiring  them   to   be   prepared   therefore  as   thev 

ought  to  be.    When  they  are  iu  the  cart,  and  brought 


before  the  wall  of  the  church,  there  he  standeth  ready 
with  the  same  bell,  and,  after  certain  toles,  rebearseth  an 
appointed  praier,  desiring  all  the  people  then  present  to 
pray  for  them.  The  beadle  also  of  Merchant.  Taylors' 
Hall  hath  an  honest  stipend  allowed  to  see  that  this  is 
duely  done." 

W.  I.  S.  HOBTON. 

DANISH  RIGHT  OF  SUCCESSION  (3rd  S.  v.  134.) 
G.  E.  is  in  error  in  supposing  that  in  the  play  of 
Hamlet  the  Danish  right  of  succession  is  never 
adverted  to.  Like  other  crowns  in  early  days,  the 
crown  of  Denmark  was  (within  certain  limits) 
elective ;  .and  Hamlet  expressly  complains  of  his 
uncle  having  "  popped  in  between  the  election  and 
his  hopes."  For  further  observations  on  the  sub- 
ject, G.  E.  is  referred  to  two  notes ;  the  one  by 
Steevens,  the  other  by  Blackstone,  in  Reed's  edi- 
tion of  Shakspeare,  1793,  vol.  xv.  p.  33.  P.  S.  C. 

QUOTATION  (3rd  S.  v.  174.)  —  R.  C.  H.  is  in- 
formed that  the  lines  he  alludes  to  as  being  quoted 
by  the  late  Lord  Campbell,  and  commencing  — 
"  *  Her  did  you  freely  from  your  soul  forgive  ?  ' 
'  Sure  as  I  hope  before  my  Judge  to  live,'  "  &c., 

are  by  the  Rev.  G.  Crabbe,  and  are  to  be  found  in 
his  Tales  of  the  Hall,  from  the  one,  I  believe,  en- 
titled "  Sir  Owen  Dale."  R.  D.  S. 

PATRICIAN  FAMILIES'OF  BRUSSELS  (3rd  S.  v.  174.) 
The  lignages,  or  patrician  families  of  Brussels, 
were :  — 

1.  S'Leeuufs-geslachte :   The  race  of  the  lion. 
Arms.  Gules,   a  lion  rampant,  arg.   armed   and 
langued,  azure. 

2.  &  Weerts-geslachte :  Race  of  the  Host  (ho*- 
pitis).     Emanche,  argent  and  gules. 

3.  S' Hughe  Kints-geslachte :  Race  of  the  sons 
of  Hugh ;  called  also  Clutings.     Az.  three  fleur- 
de-lys  arg.  (2  and  1). 

4.  Ser  Roelofs-geslachte :  Race  of  Sire  Rodolf. 
Gules,  nine  billets  or  (4,  3,  2). 

5.  Die  van  Condenherg :  They  of  the  Conden- 
berg.     Gules,  three  towers  argent ;  doors  azure. 

6.  Die   uten-iSteenweghe  :    They   of   the   road. 
Gules,  five  scallop  shells  argent  (1,  3,  1). 

7.  Die  van  Hodenbeke :  They  of  the  red  stream. 
Argent,  a  band  ondee,  gules. 

This  list  is  from  Henne  and  Waters  Histoire  de 
Bruxelles.  It  need  hardly  be  said  that  similar 
nonages  ("  wel-geboorne-geboortege  lieden,"  "gode 
lieden,"  "divites,"  "  fortiores,")  are  found  in  most 
of  the  Belgian  and  German  cities.  K. 

MOTHER  GOOSE  (3rd  S.  v.  258.)  —  I  remember 
that,  when  I  first  went  to  Oxford,  a  woman  was 
pointed  out  to  me  in  the  street  as  the  original 
Mother  Goose.  She  was  stout,  past  the  middle 
age,  and  with  large  prominent  features.  She 
usually  carried  u  basket,  such  as  were  used  by 
laundresses  in  those  days ;  but  what  her  occupa- 
tion really  was,  I  have  forgotten,  if  I  ever  knew. 
Of  coursQ,  she  did  not  much  excite  the  curiosity 


332 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3*d  S.  V.  APRIL  16,  '64. 


of  a  young  mao,  so  I  made  no  inquiry  as  to  her 
character  or  habits.  Probably  she  had  eccentri- 
cities, but  no  doubt  much  was  engrafted  on  the 
character  .that  did  not  belong  to  the  original. 
The  author  of  the  pantomime  might  draw  from 
German  or  French  sources,  but  as  to  that  I  know 
nothing.  There  must  be  natives  of  Oxford,  still 
living,  who  could  supply  fuller  information  on 
this  not  very  interesting  subject.  W.  D. 

LONGEVITY  OP  CLERGYMEN  (3rd  S.  v.  22,  44, 
123.)  —  The  following  is  from  Barnes's  History  of 
Lancashire :  — - 

"Henry  Pigott,  B.D.,  inducted  Vicar  of  Rochdale, 
1662 ;  died  April  10,  1722,  aged  94.  He  was  Rector  of 
Brindle  seventy-one  years,  and  Vicar  of  Rochdale  fifty- 
nine  years  and  seven  months," 

H,  FlSHWICK. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

The  Life  of  Lawrence  Sterne.  By  Percy  Fitzgerald, 
M.A.,  M.R.I.A.  With  Illustrations  from  Drawings  by 
the  Author  and  Others.  In  Two  Volumes.  (Chapman 
&  Hall.) 

Mr.  Fitzgerald  seems  to  have  been  led  to  his  present 
task  by  a  feeling  that  injustice  had  been  done  to  Sterne 
in  Thackeray's  lecture  upon  him — that  the  revolting  pic- 
ture of  "  the  mountebank "  who  "  snivelled  "  over  the 
dead  donkey  at  Nampont,  and  expended  his  "  cheap 
dribble  "  upon  <{  an  old  cab  "  was  grossly  over-coloured 
and  exaggerated.  In  the  belief  that  if  we  knew  more  of 
Sterne  we  should  hesitate  at  adopting  this  harsh  judg- 
ment, Mr.  Fitzgerald  has  applied  himself  with  diligence 
to  a  study  of  his  writings  and  an  investigation  into  the 
incidents  of  his  life.  The  story  of  that  life  may  now  be  said 
to  be  told  for  the  first  time.  Indeed  it  is  really  the  first 
Life  of  Sterne  that  has  been  put  before  the  world.  Essays, 
sketches,  and  articles  upon  the  subject  abound,  but  no 
attempt  has,  up  to  this  time,  been  made  to  trace  his 
strange  career  from  the  cradle  to  the  grave.  In  the  book 
before  us  we  have  abundance  of  new  materials  —  letters 
hitherto  unpublished,  letters  hitherto  buried  in  obscure 
periodicals,  extracts  from  registers,  and  minute  books 
hitherto  uusearched  for,  and  contemporary  illustrations 
hitherto  unregarded,  have  been  gathered  together  with 
considerable  pains,  and  the  result  is  what  Mr.  Fitzgerald 
is  certainly  justified  in  calling  "  one  of  the  most  curious 
biographical  stories  in  English  literature."  One  of  the 
results  of  Mr.  Fitzgerald's  Life — which  will  be  read  with 
considerable  interest  —  will  certainly  be  to  call  renewed 
attention  to  the  writings  of  Lawrence  Sterne. 

Manuel  du  Libraire  et  de  V Amateur  de  Livres,  Sfc.  Par 
Jacques-Charles  Brunet.  dnquieme  Edition  originate 
entierement  refondue  et  augmentee  d'un  tiers  par  PAuteur. 
Tome  V>™,  2«  Partie.  (Didot.) 

We  congratulate  all  bibliographers  and  lovers  of  books 
on  the  completion  of  the  first  and  largest  portion  of 
M.  Brunei's  invaluable  work,  namely,  the  Bibliographical 
Dictionary,  in  which  the  books  are  arranged  in  alpha- 
betical order,  and  which  occupies  five  volumes  out  of  the 
six  of  wh^ch  this  enlarged  edition  of  the  Manuel  is  to 
consist.  Two  more  Parts,  Avhich  will  consist  of  the  Cata- 
logue Raisonn€,  will  complete  a  work  invaluable  to  stu- 
dents of  every  branch  of  literature ;  and  indispensable  to 


all  whose  business,  whether  as  scholars,  librarians,  or 
booksellers,  is  with  books.  Will  M.  Brunet  and  his 
publishers  allow  us  to  make  one  suggestion? — namely, 
that  they  should  publish,  in  a  separate  and  easily  accessible 
form,  the  admirable  series  of  woodcuts  of  printer's  de- 
vices which  are  scattered  through  this  new  edition  of 
Brunet. 

The  Me  Word :  Short  Religious  Essays  upon  the  Gift  of 
Speech,  and  its  Employment  in  Conversation.  By  E.  M. 
Goulburn,  D.D.  Second  Edition,  enlarged.  (Rivingtons.) 
These  Essays,  containing  the  substance  of  several 

Sermons  preached  by  Dr.  Goulburn,   on  the  important 

subject  of  "Idle  Words,"  will  be  read  with  advantage 

by  all. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required, and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose:  — 
REPORTS  OF  COMMISSIONERS  FOR  NATIONAL  EDUCATION  (IRELAND),  from 

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Mary,  Queen  of  Scots;  Note  on  the  Kesselstadt  Mask;  Shakspearian 
Criticism,  #c. 

CHISEL  loill  find  much  curwus  illustration  of  Sterne's  celebrated  passage 
"  God  tempers  the  wind"  in  the  1st  vol.  of  First  Series  of  "  N.  &  Q." 

C  W.  BENSON  will  find  a  suggested  derivation  o/Rum  in  "  N.  &  Q." 
2nd  S.  v.  192. 

W  F  C.  Some  account  of  Lady  Elizabeth  Holford  appeared  in 
"  N.  &  Q."  2nd  S.  iv.  816. 

SENESCBNS  will  find  eight  articles  in  our  First  Series  on  the  popular 
belief  that  a  "  Corpse  passing,  makes  a  right  of  way. 

OXONIENSIS  will  see  that  his  query  as  to  the  meaning  of  the  tioo  word* 
referred  to  would  open  up  a  correspondence,  or. controversy,  unsuitcd  to 
our  pages. 

3.  H.  D.  has  neglected  to  send  the  date  and  size  of  the  Bible. 

R.  K.  There  is  an  endowed  lecture  founded  by  Mr.  Thomas  FairchiW, 
which  is  preached  annually  on  Whit  Tuesday  at_St. ^ona^^S^l.n-h, 


pate,  and 
3rd  S.  ii. 


P.    The  concluding  lines  of  the  epitaph  on  Robin  ofDoncnster  ha 
'oMduty  in  many  churchyard*.    They  are  doubtless  an  rm^ation  of 
Partial,  book  v.  epig.  42  [ep.  43,  ed.  Schrevel.]    Fwte"N.  &  Q.    1st  b. 
.179,452;  viii.30;  xi.47,  112. 


Mart 
v. 

ERRATA.-3rd  S.  v.  p.  285, col.  i.  line  19  from  bottom, /or  "clerk 
read  "Clerks;"  p.  289,  col.  ii.  line  25,  for  "  Willmor"  read  "W- 
moor." 

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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

WESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 
AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 


H.E.Bicknell.Esq. 

T.Somers  Cock8,Esq.,M.A.,J.P. 

Cteo.  H.  Drew,  Esq.,  M.A. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.  Goodhart.Esq.,  J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,M.P. 

Peter  Hood,  Esq. 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  R.  E.  Howard,  D.C.L. 
James  Hunt-Esq. 
John  Leigh,  Esq. 
Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.B.  Marson,Esq. 
E.  VansittartNeale,  Esq.,M.A. 
Bonamy  Price,  Esq., M.A. 
Jas.  Ljs  Seager.Esq. 
Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 
John  B.  White,  Esq. 
Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
A  ctwary.— Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  partieularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
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terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society's  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Kates  of  Premium  are  BO  low  M  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  tne  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MI-.DICAL  MJSN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for. their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHARGE  MADE  totL  POLICY  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready,  price  14». 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 


OST&O      E  X  D  O  XT. 

Patent, March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

rtABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH   and 

\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE  OLD  ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 
tj,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and 34, Ludgate  Hill, London; 

134,  Duke  Street, Liverpool!  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth."    Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 


STARCH  MANUFACTURERS 
TO  H.R.H.  THE  PRINCESS  OF  WALES. 

NFIELD     PATENT     STARCH, 

Used  in  the  Royal  Laundry, 

And  awarded  the  Prize  Medal,  1862. 

Sold  by  all  Grocers, Chandlers,  &c.,  &c. 


ATE 


BROWN  AND  POLSON'S 

NT     CORN      FLOU 


GUARANTEED  PERFECTLY  PURE, 

is  a  favourite 
DIET  FOR  CHILDREN, 

For  PUDDIN^Gt  ^TARDS,  *c. 


[JOLLOWAY'S  PILLS.  -  MERIT  REWARDED.- 

t£r"                       ?™mily  mfe.dicine- h"  withstood  the  te«t  of  time  and 
kTod  nn?  i     ii S  °W<>s»tion.    These i  Pills  arc  a  direct  purifier  of 
whit  t       i        I          •        ()tner  nmds  of  the  human  body.    During  the 
no  house  or  home  should  lie  without  the  means 
T?n,      :  8Ucl1  mean8  are  safely  and  surely  lire- 
it  1  ill-    where  they  are  taken  according  to  their 
ectlons.      Holloway's    medicine  removes  Dyspepsia 
prom             x-stio,i,und  acts  as  a  mild  and  effective  aperient     These 
illv  »«i rt""1?^  recommend* d  to  those  persons  who  are  constitution 
<rhn-  «_«»„  „„.* u w^  8hattered  by  illneM€8. 


DEBENTURES   at  5,  5i,   and  6   PER  CENT 
CEYLON  COMPANY,  LIMITED.  Subscribed  Capital,  4350,00 


Lawford  Aoland,  Esq.,  Chairman. 
Major- General     Henry    Pelham 

Burn. 

Harry  George  Gordon,  Esq. 
George  Ireland,  Esq. 


Subscribed  Capital,  4350,000. 

RS. 

Duncan  Jamei  Kay,  Esq. 
Stephen  P.  Kennard,  Esq. 
Patrick  F.  Robertson,  Esq. 
Robert  Smith,  Esq. 
Sir  S.  Villiers  Surtees. 


MANAGER— C.  J.  Braine,  Esq. 

The  Directors  are  prepared  to  issue  Debentures  for  one,  three,  and 
five  years,  at  5, 5},  and  6  per  cent,  respectively.  They  are  also  prepared 
to  invest  money  or  mortgage  in  Ceylon  and  Mauritius,  either  with  or 
without  the  Guarantee  of  the  Company,  as  may  be  arranged. 

Applications  for  particulars  to  be  made  at  the  Office  of  the  Company, 
No.  12,  Leadenhall  Street,  London,  B.C. 

By  Order,  JOHN  ANDERSON,  Secretary. 


HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:  — 
Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  IBs.  and  24s. 
per  dozen. 

White  Bordeaux  24s.  and  30s.  per  doz. 

Good  Hock 80s.    „     36s.       „ 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne 36s.,  4Vs.    „     48s.       „ 

Good  Dinner  Sherry 24s.    „     fcOs.       „ 

Port 24s.,30s.    „     36s.       „ 

They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
Of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120s.  per  doz. 

Vintage  1834 „   108s.       „ 

Vintage  1840 ,     84s.        „ 

Vintage  1847 „     72s.       „ 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry,  36s., 42s. 
48s.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s.,  42s.,  48s. ,60s.,  72s.,  84s.;  Hochhei- 
mer,  Marcobrunner,  Rudesheimer,  Steinberg,  Leibfraumilch,  60s.; 
Johannesberger  and  Steinberger,  72s.,  81s.,  to  120s.;  Braunberger,  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48s.  to  84s.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48s.,  60s.,  66s., 
78s.;  very  choice  Champagne,  66s.  78s.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Lachrymae  Christi,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  doz.; 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton:  30,  King's  Road. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 


EAU-DE-VIE.— This  pure -PALE  BRANDY,  18*. 
per  gallon,  is  peculiarly  free  from  acidity,  and  very  superior  to 
recent  importations  of  Cognac.  In  French  bottles,  38s.  per  doz. ;  or  in 
a  case  for  the  country,  39s.,  railway  carriage  paid.  No  agents,  and  to 
be  obtained  only  of  HENRY  BRETT  &  CO.,  Old  Furuival's  Distillery, 
Holborn,  B.C.,  and  30,  Regent  Street,  Waterloo  Place,  S.  W.,  London, 
Prices  Current  free  on  application. 

BOND'S     PERMANENT   MARKING   INK. — 

[3    The  original  invention,  established  1821,  for  marking  CRESTS, 

TAMES,  INITIALS,  upon  household  linen,  wearing  apparel,  &c. 

N.B — Owing  to  the  great  repute  in  which  this  Ink  is  held  by  families, 
outfitters,  &c.,  inferior  imitations  are  often  sold  to  the  public,  which  do 
not  possess  any  of  its  celebrated  qualities.  Purchasers  should  there- 
fore be  careful  to  observe  the  address  on  the  label,  10,  BISHOPSGATE- 
STREET  WITHIN,  E.G.,  without  which  the  Ink  is  not  genuine. 
Sold  by  all  respectable  chemists,  stationers,  &c.,  in  the  United  King- 
dom, price  Is.  per  bottle;  no  f>d.  size  ever  made. 

NOTICE.  —  REMOVED  from  28,  Long  Lane  (where  it  has  been 
established  nearly  half  a  century),  to 

10,  BISHOPSGATE  STREET  WITHIN,  B.C. 


DIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

MAGNOLIA,  WHITE  ROSE,  FRANGIPANNI,  GERA- 
NIUM, PATCHOULY.  EVER-SWEET,  NEW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1 ,000  others.  2s.  6d.  each.— 2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 


SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 
"THE    ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

IB  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERRINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
should  see  that  LEA  &  PERRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 
Bottle,  and  Stopper. 

ASK  FOB  LEA  AND  PEBRINS'  SAUCE. 

***  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors,  Worcester; 
MESSRS.  CROS8E  and  BLACKWELL,  MESSRS.  BARCLAY  and 
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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


'd  S.  V.  AVRII,  16,  '64. 


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Preparing  for  immediate  Republication, 

THREE  ffOTELETS  ON  SHAKSPEARE. 

I.  SHAKSPEARE  IN  GERMANY. 
II.  THE  FOLK  LORE  OF  SHAKSPEARE. 
IIL  WAS  SHAKSPEARE  EVER  A  SOLDIER  ? 

BY  WILLIAM  J.  THOMS, 
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Edited  with  Introduction  and  Notes  by  W.  C.  HAZLITT. 

Vol.1.,  containing  A  HUNDRED  MERY  TALYS,  from  the  only 
known  copy,  and  MERY  TALES  and  QUICKE  ANSWERES, 
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WILLIS  &  SOTHERAN,  136, Strand, London. 


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THE  ONLY  AUTHENTICATED   PORTRAIT 
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from  the  original  as  preserved  in  the  first  folio  edition  of  Shakespeare's 
Works.      Ben  Jonson,  the  friend  and  companion  of  the  Poet,  bears 
witness  to  its  excellency  as  a  likeness,  saying  that  — 

"  The  graver  had  a  strife 
With  nature  to  outdo  the  life." 

Beneath  the  portrait  is  an  accurate  facsimile  of  Shakespeare's  Auto- 
graph, copied  from  the  original  in  the  British  Museum. 

F.'S.  ELLIS,  33,  King  Street,  Covent  Garden. 


S 


HAKESPERE:    a  Critical    Biography.      By 

SAMUEL  NEIL.    Pp.  122,  8vo,  price  Is. 

London  :  HOULSTON  &  WRIGHT. 


THE    SHAKSPEARE    VOCAL     MAGAZINE. 
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SHAKSPERE'S  MONUMENT  IN  WESTMINSTER  ABBEY. 

T?OR  CORRECTION  of  the  ERRORS  IN  THE 

JP     INSCRIPTION  on  this  MONUMENT,  see  page  18  in 

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V.  APRIL  23,  '64. 


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rd  s.  V.  APRIL  23,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


333 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  APRIL  23,  1804. 


CONTENTS. —No.  121. 

VOTES  •  —  On  the  Principal  Portraits  of  Shakspeare,  333  — 
"  Shakspeare  and  Mary  Queen  of  Scots,  338  — A  New  Shak- 
speare Bond,  339  —  Shakspeariana :  Jonson's  Lines  on 
Shakspeare's  Portrait  —  Robin  Goodfellow  and  Puck  — 
Curious  Fact  in  Criticism  —  American  Shakspeare  Emen- 
dation—Inventory of  Shakspeare's  Goods  —  Leading  Apes 
in  Hell,  340— The  Descendants  of  Shakspeare's  Sister 
Joan,  341  —  Something  New  on  Shakspeare,  342  —  The 
Kesselstadt  Mask  of  Shakspeare,  Ib.  —  Professor  Archer 
Butler's  Essay  on  Shakspeare,  343  — De  Vere,  Earl  of  Ox- 
ford: Battle  of  Radcot  Bridge  — John  Clotwprthy,  first 
Viscount  Massareene  — Etymology  and  Meaning  of  the 
Name  Moses— Buddhists  in  Britain,  344. 

QUERIES :  — Alexander  the  Great's  Grant  to  the  Sclavo- 
nians  — Audros,  Sir  Edmund—  James  Bolton—  Burlesque 
Painters  —  Coote,  Lord  Bellomont— Fellowships  in  Trinity 
College,  Dublin  —  Hill,  Middlesex  and  Worcestershire  — 

Hymn  Queries  —Charles  Lamb's  Alice  W Monks 

and  Friars—  Neef — "  The  Nemo,"  &c.  —  "  Revenons  a  nos 
Moutons,"  345. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS  :—"  Royal  Stripes,"  Ac.  —  "  Hy~ 
men's  Triumph  "  —  Viscount  Cherington  —  Potiphar  — 
The  Robin,  346. 

REPLIES :  — Eleanor  D'Olbreuse,  348  — Circle  Squaring  — 
Geographical  Garden  —  Thomas  Gilbert,  Esq.  —  Kohl — 
Martin  — Customs  in  Scotland:  Fig -one  —  Sir  John  Con- 
ingsby— Garibaldi,  348. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


flat**. 

ON  THE   PRINCIPAL   PORTRAITS    OF 
SHAKSPEARE. 

In  offering  a  few  notes  at  this  season,  on  the 
personal  representations  of  Shakspeare,  I  propose 
to  limit  my  attention  to  the  three  best  known 
and  generally  accepted  types.  These  are  (1)  the 
Droeshout,  (2)  Stratford  monument,  and  (3) 
Chandos  portraits ;  which  embody  respectively 
engraving,  sculpture,  and  oil  painting.  The  two 
first,  on  account  of  the  circumstances  connected 
with  them,  and  from  the  testimony  afforded  by 
contemporary  evidence,  possess  a  special  claim 
to  authenticity.  The  third  is  distinguished  by 
haying  a  longer  history  than  any  of  the  other 
painted  portraits  connected  with  the  name  of  the 
poet;  and  is  certainly,  in  itself,  a  genuine  and 
fairly  well-preserved  picture  of  the  commence- 
ment of  the  seventeenth  century,  painted  pro- 
bably before  1610.  Its  existence  as  a  recognised 
portrait  of  Shakspeare  can  be  readily  traced 
back  to  a  time  when  there  was  no  popular  de- 
mand for  his  works,  or  even  such  a  general  ap- 
preciation of  his  merit  among  the  batter  educated 
as  to  make  a  counterfeit  or  misapplication  of  his 
name  apparently  worth  any  one's  while.  I  do  not 
desire  to  enter  into  controversy  ;  but  simply  to 
record  a  few  broad  facts,  and  to  note  two  or  three 
points  of  comparison  which  these  three  portraits 
suggest. 


In  the  first  rank  I  would  place  the  engraving 
by  Martin  Droeshout,  which  is  professedly  a  por- 
trait of  the  great  dramatist ;  and  is  placed  on  the 
very  title-page  of  the  first  collected  editions  of  his 
plays,  between  the  actual  words  of  the  title  and 
the  names  of  the  publishers :  "  London,  printed 
by  Isaac  laggard  and  Ed.  Blount,  1623."  Upon 
the  leaf,  facing  this  title-page,  are  the  well-known 
ten  lines  addressed  to  the  reader  by  "  B.  IM" 
vouching,  on  the  part  of  the  players  who  issued 
the  volume,  for  the  correctness  of  the  likeness. 

The  lines  — 

"  This  figure  that  thou  here  see'st  put, 
It  was  for  gentle  Shakespeare  cut ;" 

and  — 

"  0  could  he  but  have  drawne  his  wit 
As  well  in  brasse  as  he  hath  hit 
His  face :  the  Print  would  then  surpasse 
All  that  was  ever  writ  in  brasse," — 

leave  nothing  to  be  desired  either  in  point  of 
strength,  or  directness  of  testimony. 

The  exact  date  of  the  execution  of  this  en- 
graving remains  a  matter  of  uncertainty.  All  we 
know  is,  that  it  was  the  work  of  Martin  Droe- 
shout, probably  a  Dutchman  ;  who,  judging  from 
the  other  portraits,  he  engraved,  must  have  re- 
sided some  time  in  England.  This  portrait  of 
Shakspeare  bears  the  engraver's  signature  in  full  ; 
but  the  only  date  on  the  page  is  that  of  1623, 
marking  the  publication  of  the  book  seven  years 
after  Shakspeare's  death.  In  the  third  folio  edi- 
tion, 1664,  the  lines  are  brought  into  still  closer 
relation  with  the  engraved  portrait.  Droeshout's 
plate  was  then  removed  from  the  title-page,  to 
make  way  for  the  enumeration  of  the  seven  addi- 
tional plays,  and  placed  over  the  ten  lines  on  the 
left-hand  page;  so  as  to  face  the  title,  like  a 
modern  frontispiece.  By  this  time  the  copper- 
plate had  become  very  much  worn,  and  the  print- 
ing of  it  was  conducted  with  much  less  care. 
When  badly  printed,  an  engraving  of  this  kind 
degenerates  into  a  mere  caricature ;  but  those 
who  have  seen  impressions  in  a  perfect  state, 
especially  that  of  the  fine  Grenville  copy,  now  in 
the  British  Museum,  will  admit  that  it  affords  a 
very  satisfactory  indication  of  the  individual  ap- 
pearance of  the  man.  As  the  style  of  wearing  the 
hair,  and  the  smooth  round  cheeks,  accord  with 
the  monumental  bust,  the  engraving  very  pro- 
bably represents  him  as  he  appeared  towards  the 
close  of  his  life.  His  dress,  far  from  indicating 
anything  like  the  theatrical  or  character-costume, 
is  simply  that  which  was  worn  by  the  opulent 
and  noble  personages  of  the  day :  witness  nume- 
rous portraits,  especially  of  James  I.,  Richard 
Sackville  (third  Earl  of  Dorset),  and  Sir  Philip 
Sydney.  The  stiff  flat  collar  which  he  wears 
round  his  neck,  and  which  appears  in  many  pic- 
tures of  this  period,  was  described  in  old  cata- 
logues as  a  "wired  band"  A  general  feeling 


334 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  [8*  s.  v.  APRIL  23,  '64. 


of  sharpness  and  coarseness  pervade  Droeshout's 
plate,  and  the  head  looks  very  large  and  promi- 
nent with  reference  to  the  size  of  the  page  and  the 
type-letters  round  it ;  but  there  is  very  little  to 
censure  with  respect  to  the  actual  drawing  of  the 
features.  On  the  contrary,  they  have  been  drawn 
and  expressed  with  great  care.  Droeshout  pro- 
bably worked  from  a  good  original,  some  **  limn- 
ing," or  crayon-drawing,  which,  having  served 
its  purpose,  became  neglected,  and  is  now  lost. 
The  disposition  of  the  lines,  and  the  general  treat- 
ment of  the  shadows,  do  not  give  me  the  impres- 
sion of  the  engraving  having  been  taken  directly 
from  an  oil  painting.  The  Droeshout  head  and 
stiff  collar,  were  evidently  followed  by  William 
Marshall  in  his  small  oval  portrait  of  Shakspeare, 
prefixed  to  the  1640  edition  of  his  poems.  That 
Marshall  worked  on  his  plate  with  an  impression 
of  the  Droeshout  engraving  before  him,  is  shown 
by  the  head  in  his  copy  printing  the  reverse  way. 
The  body-dress,  and  close-fitting  sleeve,  are  quite 
similar  in  point  of  construction  to  those  of  his 
prototype.  The  buttons  are  all  there,  even  to  the 
exact  number  ;  whilst  the  embroidery  is  omitted. 
The  chief  deviations  are  a  light  back  ground, 
recessed  like  a  niche ;  the  introduction  of'his  left 
hand  holding  a  sprig  of  laurel ;  and  a  cloak  with  a 
cape  to  it,  covering  his  right  shoulder.  This  cloak 
has  become  a  distinctive  feature  in  some  of  the 
later  imitations  and  Shakspearian  fabrications. 
It  appears  in  the  oval  woodcut  which  Jacob  Ton- 
son,  of  the  "  Shakespear's  Head  over  against 
Katharine  Street  in  the  Strand,"  used  as  a  device 
on  the  title-page  of  his  books  (witness  the  Spec- 
tator) as  early  as  1720.  This  little  woodcut,  a 
curious  combination  of  the  Chandos  and  other 
portraits,  with  bold  deviations  on  the  part  of  the 
artist,  originated  from  B.  Arlaud,  of  whom  more 
will  be  said  hereafter.  In  this  design  Arlaud 
seems  to  have  been  influenced  by  a  painting  by 
Zoust,  which  Simon  afterwards  engraved  in  mez- 
zotint about  1725  (see  WivelTs  Remarks,  p.  159); 
but  upon  this,  my  remarks  must  be  reserved  till 
speaking  of  the  Chandos  picture. 

Another  early  copy  from  the  head  by  Droe- 
shout is  to  be  found  in  the  frontispiece  to  a  volume 
of  Tarquin  and  Lucrece.  It  is  a  small  oval,  in- 
serted in  an  octavo  page,  above  two  figures  of 
Tarquin  and  Lucretia  stabbing  herself.  The 
Shakspeare  head  is  turned  the  same  way  as  in 
Marshall's  engraving ;  but  it  is  more  directly  true 
to  the  Droeshout  original.  The  lines  of  the  hair 
are  more  correct,  and  the  dress  has  all  the  em- 
broidery, and  no  cloak.  The  date  of  this  volume 
is  1655  (the  period  of  the  second  folio  edition  of 
Shakspeare's  plays),  and  the  workmanship  is  at- 
tributed to  Faithorne.  The  background  to  this 
head  has  been  shaded,  like  in  Marshall's  engrav- 
ing, to  look  as  if  it  were  placed  in  a  niche. 

The  second  unquestionably  authentic  portrait 


of  Shakspeare  is  to  be  found  in  his  monumental 
effigy  at  Stratford-upon-Avon,  where  he  spent  so 
large  a  portion  of  his  life,  and  where  his  fellow- 
townsmen  knew  him  so  well.  The  name  of  the 
sculptor  was  Johnson,  as  shown  by  the  following 
entry  in  Dugdale's  Pocket-Book  of  1653  :  — 

"The  monument  of  John  Combe,  at  Stratford-sup.  - 
Avon,  and  Shakespeare's,  were  made  by  one  Gerard  John- 
son."—(H.  Friswell,  Life  Portraits,  p.  10.) 

This  monument,  Mr.  Britton  justly  says,  is  to 
be  regarded  as  a  family  record,  and  was  probably 
erected  under  the  superintendence  of  Shakspeare's 
son-in-law,  Dr.  Hall.  It  is,  nevertheless,  very 
rude  and  unsatisfactory  as  a  work  of  art.  Carved 
in  soft  stone,  intended  to  be  viewed  at  a  distance, 
and  moreover  destined,  in  accordance  with  the 
prevailing  fashion  of  the  day,  to  be  fully  painted, 
or  completed  in  colour,  it  contrasts  very  unfavour- 
ably with  the  highly- finished  and  more  carefully 
modelled  figures,  both  in  marble  and  alabaster, 
which  are  so  frequently  seen  recumbent  in  our 
cathedrals  and  country  churches.  We  find  here 
that  many  of  the  most  important  details  of  the 
poet's  countenance  have  been  slurred  over  or  neg- 
lected, either  through  ignorance  or  in  dependence 
on  the  correcting  and  supplemental  powers  of  the 
painter's  brush  ;  yet  when  originally  done  a  satis- 
factory effect  may  have  attended  the  combination. 
But  it  is  manifestly  unfair  to  place  a  plaster  cast 
from  a  rough  sculpture,  wrought  at  an  elevated 
position,  and  always  intended  to  be  looked  up  to,  side 
by  side  with  a  finished  picture  or  engraving  made 
and  adapted  for  a  convenient  distance  from  the  eye. 
That  is  one  great  advantage  which  the  Droeshout 
portrait  has  over  the  Stratford  bust.  The  Droe- 
shout can  always  be  seen,  as  it  was  intended,  in  a 
book,  and  at  such  a  distance  from  the  eye  as  the 
legibility  of  the  letter-press  connected  with  it, 
would  readily  determine.  The  eyebrows  of  the 
bust  are  most  imperfectly  defined,  whilst  the  lips 
are  composed  of  mere  straight  lines  without  any 
modelling.  The  shortness  of  the  nose  is  a^defect 
as  little  striking  when  seen  from  below  in  the 
chancel,  as  it  is  offensive  when  the  plaster  cast  is 
brought  down  to  a  level  with  the  spectator,  and 
measured  with  the  Droeshout  or  any  other  por- 
traits. 

It  may  reasonably  be  inferred  that  the  figure 
on  the  monument  exhibits  Shakspeare  as  he  ap- 
|  peared  towards  the  close  of  his  career,  and  in  this 
'  respect  the  engraved  portraits  would  seem  to  be 
in  close  accordance  with  it.  I  have  already  ex- 
pressed my  conviction  that  the  title-page  to  his 
plays  does  not  represent  him  in  any  theatrical 
costume,  nor  do  I  see  any  reason  for  assuming 
that  the  hair  seen  in  the  Droeshout  engraving  is 
otherwise  than  his  own.  There  is  too  little  of  it 
on  those  parts  of  the  head  where  a  wig  would  be 
most  effective,  and  the  long  curved  lines  laid  down 
by  the  engraver  are  no  more  than  a  special  mode 


3rd  S.  V.  APRIL  23,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


335 


of  dressing  would  naturally  produce.  In  the  bust 
the  hair  is  arranged  in  comparatively  short  round 
curls.  The  full  indications  in  the  engraving  of 
stubble  on  the  cheek  and  chin,  and  also  the  short 
upturning  hairs  on  the  moustaches,  mark  a  period 
of  transition  towards  the  smooth  full  cheek  and 
crisply  projecting  patches  of  hair  about  the  mouth, 
as  seen  at  the  last  on  his  monument.  These  quaint 
upturned  moustaches,  large  tufts  of  hair  under 
the  chin,  and  smooth  cheeks  bear  a  singular  resem- 
blance to  the  well-known  portraits  of  Archbishop 
Laud,  the  expression  of  whose  countenance  has 
been  so  unfortunately  distorted  by  the  adoption 
of  a  ridiculous  fashion. 

Much  of  the  expression  of  hilarity  which  has 
been  noticed  by  many  on  the  countenance  of  the 
Stratford  bust,  is  produced  by  the  prominence  and 
upward  direction  of  the  moustaches.  The  upper 
eyelids  in  the  Stratford  bust  are  remarkably  poor 
and  narrow,  whilst  in  the  Droeshout  engraving 
they  are  full,  and  exhibit  a  great  refinement  of 
curve.  This,  again,  is  a  point  which  is  at  once 
lost  sight  of  when  the  monument  is  seen  from  its 
proper  position,  the  pavement  of  the  chancel,  and 
colour  may  have  originallv  played  an  important 
part,  if  the  eyeballs  were  faithfully  and  judiciously 
added  by  the  pencil.  The  collar  or  band  round 
his  neck  is  quite  plain,  but  so  brought  over  the 
top  of  his  dress  as  to  give  rather  a  high- shouldered 
or  short-necked  appearance  to  the  figure.  Cam- 
den's  effigy  in  Westminster  Abbey  wears  a  similar 
collar  and  a  ruff  above  it.  The  fulness  of  the  lower 
part  of  the  cheeks  is  a  remarkable  feature. 

The  picture  discovered  recently  at  Stratford, 
and  upon  which  much  stress  has  been  laid,  is  mani- 
festly an  imitation  or  lame  transcript  of  the  Strat- 
ford monument.  It  certainly  has  no  appearance 
of  having  been  done  from  the  life,  and,  excepting 
the  form  of  the  lips,  has  ail  the  faults  observable 
in  the  modelling  of  the  bust.  The  moustaches  are 
simply  ridiculous.  The  picture  may  possibly  be 
two  hundred  years  old,  for  competent  judges  have 
declared  that  the  paint  employed  on  it  is  such  as 
was  used  at  the  close  of  the  seventeenth  century. 
It  would,  therefore,  stand  in  its  relation  to  the 
Stratford  monument  as  the  Marshall  and  Faithorne 
engravings  do  to  the  Droeshout. 

The  Chandos  portrait  is  a  far  different  painting, 
and  a  much  less  injured  picture  than  has  gene- 
rally been  supposed.  During  many  years  there 
was  great  difficulty  in  seeing  it.  Even  when  ac- 
cess was  obtained  to  it  at  Stowe,  the  light  and  its 
position  in  the  deep  recesses  of  a  cumbrous  frame 
were  alike  unfavourable  to  anything  approaching 
a  critical  examination.  At  present  it  is  placed  in 
a  strong  light  in  the  National  Portrait  Gallery, 
and  brought  within  easy  reach  of  the  eye.  It  is 
painted  on  coarse  English  canvas,  covered  with  a 
groundwork  of  greenish  grey,  which  has  been 
rubbed  bare  in  several  parts,  where  the  coarse 


breads  of  the  canvas  happen  most  to   project. 
Only  a  few  parts  have  been  retouched  with  a 
reddish  paint.     Some  portions  of  the  hair  seem  to 
aave  been  darkened,  and  a  few  touches  of  deep 
madder  red  may  have  been  added  to  give  point  to 
the  nostrils  and  eyelids.     The  background  is  a  rich 
dark  red ;  but  the  whole  tone  of  the  picture  has 
become  blackened,  partly  in  consequence  of  the 
grey  ground  protruding,  and  partly  from  the  red 
colours  of  the  flesh  tints  having  deepened  to  a 
brownish  tone.     This  at  first  sight  gives  the  com- 
plexion a  dull  swarthy  hue.     The  features  are  well 
modelled,  and  the  shadows  skilfully  massed,  so  as 
to  produce  a  portrait  in  no  way  unworthy  of  the 
time  of  Van  Somer  and  Cornelis  Janssens.     It 
would  be  folly  to  speculate  upon   the   name  of 
the  artist,  but  any  one  conversant  with  pictures 
of  this  period  would,  upon  careful  examination, 
pronounce  it  remarkably  good  if  only  the  produc- 
tion of  an  amateur.     Most  of  the  historians  of  this 
picture,  it  may  be  remembered,  lay  no  superior 
claim  for  it  than  to  have  been  the  work  of  one  of 
Shakspeare's  brother  actors.  Amateur  artists  have 
certainly  attained  a  very  high  degree  of  merit  in 
this  country,  and  it  is  remarkable  that  at  this  very 
period  a  gentleman  of  high  rank  was  occupied  in 
painting  some  very  excellent  pictures  merely  for 
his   own   amusement.      This   was    Sir   Nathaniel 
Bacon,   K.B.,    half-brother    to    the  great  Lord 
Bacon,  whose  pictures  are  still  preserved  at  Gor- 
hambury,  Redgrave,  and  Oxford.     It  is  also  ob- 
servable   that   in  the  whole-length  portrait    of 
himself  at  Gorhambury,  he   wears   a  flat  wired 
band  round  his  neck,  and  a  very  similar  dress  to 
that  already  described  in  the  Droeshout  engrav- 
ing.     The '  Chandos  portrait  is  stated  to  have 
belonged   to  Sir   William  Davenant.     After  his 
death  in  1668,  Betterton,  who  had   industriously 
collected  information  relating  to  Shakspeare,  and 
visited   Stratford    for    that   purpose,   bought   it. 
Whilst  the  picture  was  in  his  possession,  Betterton 
let  Kneller  make  a  copy  of  it  as  a  present  to  Dry- 
den,  who  acknowledged  the  painter's  gift  by  the 
verses  beginning  — 

"  Shakspeare,  thy  gift,  I  place  before  my  sight ; 
With  awe  I  ask  his  blessing  ere  I  write ; 
With  reverence  look  on  his  majestic  face, 
Proud  to  be  less,  but  of  his  godlike  race." 

These  lines  were  written  between  1683  and  1692. 
Whilst  still  in  Betterton's  possession,  the  picture 
was  engraved  by  Vandergucht,  in  1709,  for  Rowe's 
edition  of  Shakspeare.  It  is  remarkable  that  the 
first  volume  of  Rowe's  Shakspeare  contains  two 
portraits  of  Shakspeare.  One  from  the  Chandos 
picture,  turned  the  same  way  as  the  original,  in  a 
small  medallion  surrounded  by  female  figures^ 
and  a  second,  facing  "  Some  account  of  the  life," 
&c.  by  Duchange,  from  the  drawing  by  Arlaud. 
This  is  the  first  appearance  of  the  Arlaud  type ; 
and  it  is  a  curious  combination  of  the  Chandos, 


336 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


g.  v.  APRIL  23,  '64. 


Marshall,  and  Droeshout  likenesses.  The  second 
edition  of  Rowe,  12mo,  1714,  likewise  contains  two 
portraits,  but  the  picture  in  the  oval  is  no  longer 
from  the  Chandos  ;  it  is  a  reduction  of  the  Arlaud, 
only  turned  a  different  way.  It  corresponds 
exactly  in  size  with  the  Shakspeare  head  wood- 
cut which  Tonson  afterwards  adopted  on  his  title- 
pages.*  After  Howe's  death,  the  Chandos  portrait 
passed  to  Mrs.  Barry  the  actress,  who  sold  it  to 
Mr.  Robert  Keck,  of  the  Inner  Temple^  for  40/. 
Whilst  in  his  possession  it  was  engraved  in  1719, 
by  Vertue,  for  his  series  of  poets.  ^ 

The  picture  afterwards  passed  into  the  posses- 
sion of  Mr.  JSTicoll  of  Minchenden  House,  and  was 
engraved,  in  1747,  by  Houbraken  for  Dr.  Birch's 
Illustrious  Heads.  On  the  marriage  of  Mr.  Ni- 
coll's  daughter  with  the  Duke  of  Chandos,  it  de- 
volved to  his  family,  with  whom  it  remained  till 
the  dispersion  of  the  effects  at  Stowe  in  1848. 

The  engraving  by  Vertue  in  1719  exhibits 
several  unjustifiable  modifications  and  departures 
from  the  original.  He  alters  the  nature  of  the 
curling  of  the  hair,  and  changes  the  epaulettes  or 
bands  across  the  shoulders  of  the  sleeves.  He 
covers  the  black  satin  dress  with  sprigs  or  S-like 
flames  of  black  velvet,  and,  by  setting  the  figure 
in  a  large  oval,  creates  a  false  impression  as  to 
the  size  of  the  person.  That  Vertue  afterwards 
lost  confidence  in  this  Chandos  portrait  might 
naturally  be  inferred  from  the  circumstance  of  his 
having  engraved  a  totally  different  picture,  as  the 
frontispiece  to  Pope's  4to  edition  of  Shakspeare, 
published  by  Tonson  in  1725.  But  a  curious 
example  of  his  method  of  working  occurs  in  the 
very  same  volume.  He  engraves  on  one  of  the 
pages  of  an  account  of  Shakspeare's  life,  a  very 
inaccurate,  but  pretentious,  representation  of  the 
entire  monument  at  Stratford -upon- Avon,  in 
which  the  original  sculptured  head  of  Shakspeare 
in  supplanted  by  a  poor  adaptation  of  the  Chandos 
picture,  retaining  all  his  faults  of  the  curly  hair, 
and  introducing  the  round  gold  ear-ring — a  dis- 
tinctive feature  of  the  Chandos  portrait.  From 
these  circumstances  it  becomes  tolerably  evident 
that  Vertue  still  adhered,  in  his  own  mind,  to  the 
Chandos  picture,  and  that  both  Pope  and  Vertue 

*  When  Jacob  Tonson  published  the  first  edition  of 
Howe's  Shakspeare  he  resided,  according  to  the  statement 
on  the  title-page,  "  within  Gray's  Inn  Gate,  next  Gray's 
Inn  Lane."  In  the  second  edition,  published  1714,  we 
find  by  an  inner  title-page  that  he  resided  "  in  the 
Strand."  The  sign  of  the  Shakspeare's  Head  is  supplied 
on  this  same  page  by  a  very  rude  woodcut  head,  with 
large  eyes,  and  on  a  gigantic  scale  in  proportion  to  the 
size  of  the  medallion  bounded  by  a  palm-branch  frame. 
The  improved  design  adopted  by  Tonson  on  the  title-page 
to  his  edition  of  The  Spectator,  1720,  was  evidently  sug- 
gested by,  and  actually  traced  from,  the  little  medallion 
on  the  title-page  to  the  12mo  edition  of  Rowe's  edition  of 
Shakspeare,  published  in  1714.  Benedict  Arlaud  was  a 
miniature  painter,  and  brother  of  the  celebrated  Jacques 
Antoine  Arlaud.  He  died  in  London,  1719. 


were  willing  to  gratify  Lord  Oxford,  their  patron, 
by  selecting  a  portrait  in  his  possession  and  which 
he  had  fondly  believed  to  be  Shakspeare's.  The 
picture  which  they  adopted  is  in  reality  merely  the 
portrait  of  a  gentleman  of  the  period  of  King 
James  L,  and  not  even,  as  some  have  surmised, 
one  of  the  monarch  himself.  The  engraving, 
however,  is  admirably  executed.  That  Vertue 
was  aware  of  the  history  of  the  Chandos  picture 
is  shown  by  the  following  extract  which  I  have 
taken  from  one  of  his  note-books  in  the  British 
Museum,  21,  111,  Plut.  cxcix.  H.  page  68  :  —  , 

"  Mr.  Betterton  told  Mr.  Keck  several  times  that  the 
picture  of  Shakspeare  he  had  was  painted  by  John  Tay- 
lor, a  player,  who  acted  for  Shakspeare,  and  this  John 
Taylor  in  his  will  left  it  to  Sir  Will.  Davenant.  Mr.  Bet- 
terton bought  it,  and  at  his  death  Mr.  Keck  bought  it,  in 
whose  possession  it  now  is,  1719." 

This  was  the  date  at  which  Vertue  published 
his  engraving.  The  mischievous  spirit  of  devia- 
tion from  the  original  picture  seems,  unfortu- 
nately, to  have  possessed  other  artists  also,  and  I 
may  particularly  name  Zoust  and  Arlaud,  whose 
productions  have  been  already  mentioned.  Not- 
withstanding these  alterations,  the  plain  falling 
collar  and  style  of  dress  in  the  one,  and  the  bald 
forehead  and  ear-ring,  with  shadow  down  the  side 
of  the  nose  towards  the  spectator,  clearly  show 
that  the  Chandos  picture  afforded  them  their  prin- 
cipal groundwork.  In  both  these  pictures  the 
treatment  of  the  hair  differs  remarkably  from 
the  original ;  each  of  them  being  in  an  opposite 
direction.  The  one  has  short,  crisp,  compact 
curls ;  the  other,  wavy  and  loosely-flying  locks. 
In  Arlaud's  portrait,  the  dress,  independently  of 
the  cloak  derived  from  Marshall,  has  evidently 
been  modified  according  to  the  taste  of  the 
eighteenth  century,  for  the  shirt-collar  with  un- 
buttoned vest  betray  a  close  affinity  to  the  style 
of  Kneller's  portraits  of  Sir  Isaac  Newton,  John 
Dryden,  and  Locke.  The  countenance  adopted 
in  both  these  portraits,  with  rounded  features,, 
bearing  some  resemblance  to  Charles  I.,  directly 
prepared  the  way  for  the  peculiarities  so  marked 
in  Roubiliac's  statue  and  other  portraits  of  the 
bard  about  the  period  of  Garrick's  influence  at 
Stratford.  The  monument  in  Westminster  Abbey 
was  executed  by  Scheemakers  in  1740  (see  Gen- 
tleman's Magazine  for  February  1741,  page  105.) 
InHanmer's  4to  edition,  Oxford,  1744,  the  Strat- 
ford monument,  in  illustration  of  Rowe's  descrip- 
tion, is  exchanged  for  an  engraving  of  the  mo 
novel  one  at  Westminster  by  Gravelot. 

The  marked  difference  in  the  Westminster  h 
from  the  earliest  portraits  of  Shakspeare  rai 
considerable  discussion  at  the  time,  and  the  ques- 
tion was  well  stated  in  a  letter  signed  J.  G.,  and 
dated  Stratford-upon-Avon,  May  30,  1759,  in  the 
Gentleman's  Magazine  for  that  year,  page  257. 
This  produced  a  letter  from  J.  S.  dated  C 


I 


3*S.V.  APRIL  23, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


337 


Court,  Aug.  20  (page  380  of  the  same  volume), 
stating  — 

"  That  there  is  no  genuine  picture  of  Shakspeare  ex- 
isting, nor  ever  was,  that  called  his  having  been  taken 
long  after  his  death  from  a  person  supposed  extremely 
like  him,  at  the  direction  of  Sir  Thomas  Clarges,  and 
this  I  take  upon  me  to  affirm  as  an  absolute  fact." 

This  broad  assertion  was  challenged,  but  never 
explained.  Boaden  grafts  the  story  upon  the 
Zoust  portrait,  which  certainly  would  go  far  to 
account  for  the  decidedly  cavalieresque  character 
pervading  it.  (Boaden,  page  93.) 

I  now  proceed  to  a  comparison  of  the  three 
principal  portraits.  The  Chandos,  on  internal 
evidence  alone,  is  a  genuine  old  picture,  and  is 
the  only  one  in  which  the  colour  of  the  eyes  and 
hair  has  remained  undisturbed.  It  has,  more- 
over, several  points  in  common  with  the  Droe- 
shout  engraving,  and  which  are  entirely  deficient 
in  the  bust.  This  is  especially  the  case  in  the 
large  broad  eyelid  and  the  full  soft  lower  lip. 
The  growth  of  the  moustaches,  descending  from 
the  centre  of  the  nose  to  the  corners  of  the 
mouth,  forms  a  triangle,  which,  in  the  Chandos 
picture,  as  the  division  of  the  lips  is  remarkably 
V-shaped,  almost  assumes  the  shape  of  a  lozenge. 
With  exception  of  the  neck-bands,  the  construc- 
tion of  the  dress  is  the  same  both  in  the  engraving 
and  painting;  but  there  is  no  ear-ring  in  the  Droe- 
shout  portrait.  The  manner  in  which  the  white 
sparkling  touches  are  introduced  in  the  eyes  are 
very  different  in  the  picture  and  the  engraving. 
They  are  on  opposite  sides  of  the  central  part  of 
the  iris.  The  tuft  of  hair  immediately  below,  or 
hanging  from,  the  lower  lip,  with  an  almost  bare 
place  on  the  chin  under  it,  and  a  gathering  of  hair 
on  the  under  part  of  the  chin,  seems  common  to 
all  three.  The  form  of  the  nostril  likewise  is  the 
same  in  all.  The  eyebrows  are  strongest  defined, 
in  fact,  quite  ropy,  in  the  Droeshout  engraving. 
They  are  less  marked  in  the  Chandos,  and  least 
of  all  in  the  modelled  surface  of  the  bust ;  but  in 
the  last  instance,  that  might  naturally  have  been 
reserved  for  colour  alone  to  express.  There  is 
but  little  depression  in  the  engraving  between  the 
eyebrows,  a  marked  characteristic  observable  in 
both  the  other  portraits.  The  white  falling  bands 
both  in  the  bust  and  painting  are  quite  plain.  The 
top  of  the  head  seen  in  the  bust  and  in  the  en- 
graving, is  quite  bald,  whilst  in  the  picture  there 
is  a  decided  growth  of  hair  along  the  top  of  the 
lofty  forehead.  This  latter  point  has  led  me  to 
a  different  conclusion  from  what  I  bad  formerly 
held.  The  very  dark  tone  of  the  flesh  and  worn 

ature  of  the  surface  of  the  Chandos  picture,  had 

Iways  given  the  impression  of  a  more  advanced 

!  than  the  really  soft  and  careful  modelling  of 

features  and  the  plumpness  of  the  cheeks  inthe 

original  freshness  of  this  picture  would  warrant, 

it  seen  under  more  favourable  circumstances. 


The  smooth-shaven  face,  such  as  actors  are 
generally  compelled  to  exhibit  in  private  life, 
always  gives  a  comparative  appearance  of  youth. 
They  have  no  grey  hairs  to  tell  tales.  The  full 
rich  eye  is  common  both  to  jthe  engraving  and  the 
picture  ;  but  in  the  latter  it  is  softer,  and  at  the 
same  time  more  penetrating.  The  occasional  ap- 
pearance and  disappearance  of  hair  on  the  face 
of  an  actor  would  afford  very  little  indication  of 
his  age  at  relative  periods.  The  shaven  cheeks, 
upturned  moustaches,  and  pointed  beard  at  the 
bottom  of  the  chin,  were  very  fashionable  after 
the  middle  of  the  reign  of  James  I.  It  was  ac- 
companied with  the  flat  wired-bands. 

I  now  believe  the  Chandos  picture  to  represent 
Shakspeare  at  a  somewhat  earlier  period  than 
that  of  either  the  engraving  or  the  bust.  It  may 
probably  belong  to  the  time  of  his  retirement, 
when  occupied  upon  some  of  his  best  plays. 
"Anno  setatis40"  appears  on  one  of  the  engravings. 

The  other  two  portraits  have  both  of  them 
smooth  shaven  cheeks  ;  whilst  the  moustaches  in 
the  Droeshout  engraving  show  signs  of  the  com- 
mencement of  that  training  which  subsequently 
took  such  a  positive  and  Laud-like  form  at  the 
close  of  his  career.  That  the  Chandos  would 
probably  be  the  earlier,  is  shown  even  by  certain 
points  of  costume,  as  the  falling  plain  white  band 
was  used  extensively  from  the  middle  of  the  six- 
teenth century,  whilst  the  wired  bands,  as  seen 
in  the  Droeshout  engraving,  hardly  appeared  be- 
fore the  time  of  James  L,  but  continued  to  be 
used  some  time  after  the  period  of  Shakspeare's 
death,  as  seen  in  a  portrait  by  Mytens  of  George 
Villiers,  Duke  of  Buckingham,  painted  on  can- 
vas, and  several  times  repeated.  A  whole-length 
miniature  of  the  Earl  of  Dorset  by  Isaac  Oli- 
ver, signed  and  dated  1616,  the  year  of  Shak- 
speare's death,  exhibits  a  striking  example  of  the 
flat  wired  band ;  and  the  well-known  picture  of 
Milton  as  a  boy,  dated  1618,  and  painted  also  on 
canvas,  affords  a  marked  instance  of  the  same 
peculiarities.  Although  this  style  of  neck-collar 
remained  in  vogue  for  a  considerable  time,  the 
falling  band  continued  much  longer  in  use  till, 
after  various  modifications,  it  fell  into  the  pu- 
ritanical cut,  as  seen  in  portraits  of  Milton  in 
advanced  life,  and  finally  degenerated  into  the 
small  strips  or  appendages  fastened  by  modern 
clergymen  under  their  chins.  The  term  "bands," 
by  which  they  are  still  known,  has  undergone  no 
change.  It  probably  had  its  origin  in  the  Italian 
word  banda,  which  was  ample  in  its  extent  and  of 
sufficient  importance  to  have  served  as  the  badge 
of  a  well-known  order  of  knighthood.  The  plain 
falling  band  occurs  very  frequently  in  the  portraits 
of  noblemen  during  the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth. 
Ben  Jon  son  and  Spenser  are  striking  contempo- 
rary examples. 

A  very    curious  essay  might  be  written    on 


338 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  [a*  s.  v.  APKIL  23,  '64. 


chance  resemblances,  and  their  mischievous  in- 
fluence on  the  pursuit  of  authentic  portraiture. 
It  would,  in  fact,  be  very  serviceable  to  work  put, 
as  a  commencement  of  this  branch  of  investiga- 
tion, a  list  of  all  the  contemporaries  of  Shakspeare 
who,  with  a  high  bald  forehead,  and  other  simi- 
larity of  features,  might,  if  their  likenesses  were 
discovered  unshackled  by  any  pedigree,  be  very 
plausibly  invested  with  his  name. 

GEORGE  SCHARF,  F.S.A. 


SHAKSPEARE  AND  MARY  QUEEN  OF  SCOTS. 

Miss  Strickland,  in  her  rather  too  fluttering 
Life  of  Mary  Stuart  (Queens  of  Scotland,  vol.  v. 
p.  231),  alluding  to  the  period  just  after  the  mur- 
der of  Darnley,  says  :  — 

"  Among  other  cruel  devices  practised  against  Mary 
at  this  season  by  her  cowardly  assailants,  was  the  dis- 
semination of  gross  personal  caricatures ;  which,  like  the 
placards  charging  her  as  an  accomplice  in  her  husband's 
murder,  were  fixed  on  the  doors  of  churches  and  other 
public  places  in  Edinburgh.  Rewards  were  vainly  offered 
for  the  discovery  of  the  limners  by  whom  '  these  treason- 
able painted  tickets,'  as  they  were  styled  in  the  procla- 
mations, were  designed.  Mary  was  peculiarly  annoyed  at 
one  of  these  productions,  called  '  The  Mermaid,'  which 
represented  her  in  the  character  of  a  crowned  syren,  with 
a  sceptre  formed  of  a  fish's  tail  in  her  hand,  and  flanked 
•with  the  regal  initials  « M.  R.'  This  curious  specimen  of 
malignity  is  still  preserved  in  the  State  Paper 


This  caricature  fully  corroborates  the  idea  first 
propounded  by  Bishop  Warburton  that,  in  the 
well-known  passage  quoted  below  from  Mid- 
summers Nighfs  Dream,  Shakspeare,  by  the 
"  mermaid  on  a  dolphin's  back,"  made  a  pointedly 
satirical  allusion  to  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots.  For, 
here  is  historical  evidence  that  Mary  was  so  re- 
presented, many  years  before  the  comedy  was 
written :  — 

"  Oberon.  My  gentle  Puck,  come  hither :  thou  remem- 

ber'st 

Since  once  I  sat  upon  a  promontory, 
And  heard  a  mermaid,  on  a  dolphin's  back, 
Uttering  such  dulcet  and  harmonious  breath, 
That  the  rude  seas  grew  civil  at  her  song; 
And  certain  stars  shot  madly  from  their  spheres, 
To  hear  the  sea-maid's  music. 

"  Puck.  I  remember. 

"  Oberon.  That  very  time  I  saw  (but  thou  could'st  not), 
Flying  between  the  cold  moon  and  the  earth, 
Cupid  all  arm'd :  a  certain  aim  he  took 
At  a  fair  vestal  throned  by  the  west, 
And  loos'd  his  love- shaft  smartly  from  his  bow, 
As  it  should  pierce  a  hundred  thousand  hearts ; 
But  I  might  see  young  Cupid's  fiery  shaft 
Quench'd  in  the  chaste  beams  of  the  wat'ry  moon, 
And  the  imperial  vot'ress  passed  on 
In  maiden  meditation,  fancy-free. 
Yet  mark'd  I  where  the  bolt  of  Cupid  fell : 
It  fell  upon  a  little  western  flower; — 
Before  milk-white,  now  purple  with  love's  wound,— 
And  maidens  call  it,  Love  in  idleness." 


How  Kitson  attacked  this  idea  of  Warburton, 
in  his  usual  slashing  style — how  Boaden  and  Hal- 
pin  advanced  theories  on  the  passage  very  similar 
to  each  other,  but  quite  at  variance  with  that  of 
the  Bishop — is  well  known  to  all  versed  in  the 
literature  of  the  commentators.  All  agreed,  how- 
ever, that  Elizabeth  was  figured  by 

"  The  fair  vestal  throned  by  the  west ;" 
but  the  grand  bone  of  contention  was,  whether  by   . ' 
"  The  mermaid  on  a  dolphin's  back," 

Shakspeare  denoted  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots ;  and 
by  the  stars,  which  "  shot  madly  from  their 
spheres,"  such  persons  as  the  Duke  of  Norfolk  and 
the  Earls  of  Northumberland  and  Westmoreland, 
who  fell  from  their  allegiance  out  of  regard  to 
her? 

The  late  Rev.  J.  Hunter,  in  his  New  Illustra- 
tions, re  -opened  the  question:  ably  showing  that 
the  mermaid  of  Shakspeare  exactly  corresponded 
with  the  character  and  history  of  Mary.  The 
dolphin  being  symbolical  of  her  first  marriage  to 
the  Dauphin  of  France ;  and  the  "  dulcet  and  har- 
monious breath,"  referring  to  her  "  alluring  ac- 
cent," which,  with  the  agreeableness  of  her  con- 
versation, fascinated  all  that  approached  her, 
subduing  even  harsh  and  uncivil  minds. 

"  Some,"  says  Mr.  Hunter,  "  were  touched  by  it  more 
than  others.  She  had  not  been  long  in  England,  when 
the  two  northern  Earls  broke  out  into  open  rebellion,  and 
would  have  made  her  queen.  Leonard  Dacre,  a  member 
of  another  noble  house  in  the  north,  ventured  everything 
for  her ;  and  finally,  the  Duke  of  Norfolk  forgot  his  alle- 
giance, and  sought  to  make  her  his  bride.  Here,  at  least, 
it  must  be  admitted  that  we  have  what  answers  very  well 
to  the  stars  that  '  shot  madly  from  their  spheres  to  hear 
the  sea-maid's  music.' " 

In  the  other  half  of  the  allegory,  Mr.  Hunter 
is  equally  as  pointed.  The  time  being  indicated. 
For  "  that  very  time,"  to  use  Shakspeare's  own 
words,  when  the  Duke  of  Norfolk  was  madly 
shooting  from  his  sphere  by  aspirin^  to  the  hand 
of  Mary,  Elizabeth  was  strongly  solicited  to  marry 
the  Duke  of  Anjou.  But  the  "  fiery  shaft,"  aimed 
by  Cupid  against  the  Queen  of  England,  fell  in- 
noxious ;  and  she  passed  on  — 

"  In  maiden  meditation  fancy  free." 

A  copy  of  the  caricature  in  the  State  Paper 
Office,  alluded  to  by  Miss  Strickland,  was  about 
a  year  ago  published  in  the  Illustrated  News. 
Mary  might  well  feel  a  peculiar  annoyance  ^at 
being  represented  in  the  character  of  a  mermaid. 
Jeremy  Collier,  alluding  to  sea  monsters,  half 
woman  and  half  fish,  says :  — 

"  By  this  fable  poets  give  us  an  ingenious  description 
of  the  charms  of  voluptuousness,  which  men  of  spirit 
avoid  by  the  force  of  their  courage." 

In  the  caricature,  the  mermaid  is  represented 
on  a  butcher's  block,  as  an  emblem  probably  of  a 
cruel  bloodythirsty  character.  The  artist  being 


3'<  3.  V.  APRIL  23,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


339 


unable  to  represent  her  fascinating  voice  pictorially, 
has  placed  in  her  right-hand  a  hawk's  lure,  which 
she  is  in  the  act  of  waving  round  her  head ;  while 
her  left  grasps  a  dark  lanthorn,  no  very  dark  em- 
blem of  the  fate  of  Darnley.  Miss  Strickland 
misdescribes  the  caricature  by  stating  that  it  is 
"  a  sceptre  formed  of  a  fish's  tail "  the  mermaid 
holds  in  her  hand ;  while  the  writer  in  the  Illus- 
trated News,  with  equal  absurdity,  and  less  ex- 
cuse, says  that  it  is  "  a  flail  or  tail."  A  reference 
to  any  old  engraving  of  a  lure,  either  proper  or 
heraldic,  will  at  once  show  what  it  is  the  mermaid 
holds  in  her  right  hand.  The  arms  of  the  house 
of  Broc — argent  upon  bend  sable,  a  luer  or,  as 
engraved  in  Halstead's*  Succinct  Genealogies  — 
would  decide  the  question  at  once.  The  writer  in 
the  Illustrated  Ne it's,  not  contented  with  one  glar- 
ing error,  makes  another,  by  stating  that  the  lant- 
horn  in  the  mermaid's  left-hand  represents  an 
hour-glass,  and  with  great  simplicity  confesses 
that  he  is  puzzled  to  understand  why  she  carries 
such  an  implement.  In  illustrations  of  the  Gun- 
powder Plot,  that  used  to  adorn  many  of  the  old 
Common  Prayer-Books,  Guy  Fawkes  is  repre- 
sented as  carrying  a  lanthorn  of  an  exactly  similar 
description. 

According  to  the  article  in  the  Illustrated  News 
there  is  another  rude  satirical  drawing  in  the 
State  Paper  Office,  representing  a  hare  sur- 
rounded by  swords,  emblematical  of  the  "  cowar- 
dice and  peril"  of  Bothwell.  And  to  quote  the 
exact  words :  — 

"  On  a  sheet  bound  up  with  the  original  drawing  the 
artist  has  left  a  still  cruder  sketch  of  the  same  figures. 
In  this,  beside  the  initials  M.  11.  to  indicate  the  Queen, 
and  J.  H.  to  mark  John  Hepburn,  there  are  over  the  mer- 
maid the  words  '  Spe  illecto  inani,'  while  round  the  inner 
ring,  which  surrounds  the  hare,  we  read  '  Foris  vastabit 
te  gladius  et  intus  pavor.'  And  in  the  centre  of  the 
circle  just  above  the  animal,  may  be  deciphered,  'Timor 
undique  clades.'  " 

The  quotation  completely  corroborates  my  as- 
sertion, that  it  is  a  lure  the  mermaid  holds  ;  for  in 
the  Symbola  Heroica  of  Claude  Paradin,  published 
at  Antwerp  in  1583,f  the  motto  appended  to  the 
representation  of  a  lure  is  "  Spe  illectat  inani." 
The  device  of  the  hare  surrounded  by  swords 
issuing  from  clouds,  and  thus  representing  the 
vengeance  of  Heaven,  occurs  in  the  same  work, 
with  the  motto  "  Malo  undique  clades ;  "  and  at 
the  end  of  the  explanation  of  this  symbol  there  is 
the  following  quotation  from  the  Vulgate  (Deu- 
teronomy xxxii.  25),  "  Foris  vastabit  eos  gladius 
et  intus  pavor." 

*  A  fictitious  name,  the  work  being  really  written  by 
the  clever  and  eccentric  Charles  Mordaunt,  Earl  of  Peter- 
borough, assisted  by  his  chaplain,  Mr.  Rans. 

The  first  edition  of  Paradin's  Devises  Heroiques  et 
Emblems  was  published  at  Paris  in  1557 ;  the  illustra- 
tions being  executed  by  Dupetit  Bernard  the  famous 
wood-engraver. 


Towards  the  close  of  the  last  century,  when 
there  prevailed  a  complete  craze  for  commentat- 
ing on  Shakspeare,  an  amiable  clergyman,  Mr. 
James  Plumptre,  writing  from  the  classic  shades 
of  Clare  Hall,  Cambridge,  undertook  to  show  that 
the  character  of  Hamlet's  another  was  founded  on 
Mary  Queen  of  Scots.  Tnat  Hamlet's  father  was 
Darnley,  and  Claudius,  Bothwell.  As  a  specimen 
of  the  closeness  of  the  analogy,  I  may  give  just 
one  or  two  instances.  Hamlet's  father  was 
poisoned  while  sleeping  in  an  orchard,  and  Darn- 
ley  was  blown  up  at  night  when  asleep,  and  his 
body  found  the  next  day  in  a  garden.  Again,  in 
the  play,  the  Queen  dies  by  poison,  of  which 
Claudius  is  the  involuntary  administerer.  In  the 
history,  Bothwell  poisons  Mary's  cup  of  happiness, 
and  it  was  her  marriage  with  him,  which  was  the 
cause  of  her  sorrows  and  her  death.  But  as  Ham- 
let appeared  almost  in  James's  reign,  why  should 
Shakspeare  thus  insult  the  memory  of  the  mother 
to  the  rising  sun?  The  reply  is,  he  made  his 
peace  by  applying  these  flattering  lines  to  James : — 
"  The  courtier's,  soldier's,  scholar's  eye,  tongue,  sword ; 
The  expectancy  and  rose  of  the  fair  state, 
The  glass  of  fashion,  and  the  mould  of  form, 
The  observed  of  all  observers." 

James  certainly  was  well  flattered,  and  well  he 
liked  to  be  ;  but  this  is  too,  too  solid. 

It  may  be  questioned  whether  the  evident,  bias 
in  favour  of  the  Tudor  party,  which  Shakspeare 
shows  in  his  historical  dramas,  relating  to  the 
Wars  of  the  Roses,  was  adopted  in  compliment  to 
the  Queen  or  derived  from  the  chronicler  he 
studied.  But  there  can  be  no  doubt  that  A  Win- 
ters Tale  was  composed  as  an  indirect  apology 
for  Anne  Boleyn,  and  consequently  a  direct  com- 
pliment to  her  daughter  Elizabeth.  Space,  how- 
ever, will  not  permit  me  to  do  more  than  refer  to 
Horace  Walpole's  remarks  on  the  subject  in  his 
keenly- written,  if  not  convincing,  Historical  Doubts ; 
and  most  who  read  them  will  agree  with  their 
writer,  that  A  Winter's  Tale  is  in  reality  a  second 
part  of  King  Henry  VIII. 

WILLIAM  PINKE  ETON. 


A  NEW  SHAKSPEARE  BOND. 

Few  and  scanty  as  are  the  contemporary  notices 
of  Shakspeare,  which  the  industry  of  his  biogra- 
phers and  illustrators  have  yet  brought  to  light, 
many  of  the  most  valuable  of  these  have  been 
discovered  within  the  last  half  century ;  and  few 
who  know  the  activity  which  now  prevails — as  in 
the  Public  Record  Office,  so  among  the  possessors 
of  family  papers — in  cataloguing  and  arranging 
such  legal,  historical,  and  literary  remains  as  are 
still  preserved,  but  must  feel  a  somewhat  con- 
fident hope  that,  in  the  course  of  these  researches, 
some  new  facts  connected  with  Shakspeare^  will 
be  brought  to  light.  We  are  sure  that  there  is  no 


340 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  s.  V.  APKIL  23,  '64. 


one  engaged  in  researches  and  labours  among  old 
manuscripts  but  indulges  the  hope  of  being  one 
day  the  fortunate  discoverer  of  some  such  docu- 
ment. 

Our  readers  will  then  judge  with  what  feelings 
a  gentleman,  who  has  been  for  some  time  em- 
ployed in  calendaring  a  long  series  of  papers, 
which  the  noble  owner  is  desirous  of  having  pro- 
perly preserved,  lately  discovered  among  them  a 
small  paper  endorsed  in  a  handwriting  of  the 
time  of  James  I.,  "  SHAKESPEARE'S  BOND,"  and 
the  haste  with  which  he  unfolded  it,  in  order  to 
discover  whether  it  was  a  bond  which  had  been 
executed  by  the  Shakspeare. 

Alas !  it  was  only  the  bond  of  a  contemporary — 
a  Thomas  Shakespeare  of  Lutterworth.  A  Shak- 
speare who  has  hitherto,  we  believe,  escaped  the 
industry  of  Shakspearian  investigators.  Thanks 
to  the  kindness  of  the  noble  Lord,  to  whom  the 
deed  belongs,  we  are  enabled  to  lay  the  following 
copy  of  it  before  our  readers  :  — 

"Memoranft,  that  I,  Thomas  Shakespeare  of 
Lutterworth,  in  the  County  of  Leic.,  gent.,  doe 
by  these  jmtes  bind  mee,  my  heires,  executors, 
and  administrators,  for  the  payment  of  twenty- 
five  shillings  and  eighte  pence  to  James  White- 
locke  of  the  Middle  Temple,  London,  esquier, 
uppon  the  sixte  daye  of  ffebruary  nexte  ensewinge 
the  daye  of  the  date  of  these  pjites.  In  witnesse 
whereof  I,  the  said  Thomas  Shakespeare,  have 
hereunto  put  my  hand  and  scale  the  xxvijth  of 
November,  Ano  Dni,  1606, 

"  Perme  THOMAM 

SHAKESPEAKE. 
"  Sealed  and  delyvered 

in  the  presence  of  , 

Anthony  Bulle." 

Whether  Thomas  Shakespeare,  of  Lutterworth, 
Gent.,  was  in  any  way  related  to  his  distinguished 
namesake  of  Stratford- upon- Avon — under  what 
circumstances  he  was  led  to  give  this  bond  for 
"  twenty-five  shillings  and  eight  pence"  to  "James 
Whitelocke,  of  the  Middle  Temple,  London, 
esquier" — we  know  nothing.  Perhaps  some  of 
our  readers  may  be  able  to  turn  to  account  this 
new  contribution  to  Shakspearian  biography.  All 
of  them  will,  we  are  sure,  join  us  in  thanking  the 
owner  of  this  /curious  document  for  his  liberality 
in  giving  it  to  the  world. 


JONSON'S  LINES  ON  SHAKSPEARE'S  PORTRAIT. 
Under  an  engraving  of  Montaigne  py  Philippe  de 
Leu,  the  following  lines  by  Mulherbe  (1555— 


1628)  are  to  be  found.  They  are  generally  be- 
lieved to  have  been  among  his  earliest  verses,  and 
may  therefore  date  about  1590  or  so  :  — 

"  Voici  du  grand  Montaigne  une  entiere  figure ; 
Le  peintre  a  peint  le  corps,  et  lui  son  bel  esprit ; 
Le  premier,  par  son  art,  egale  la  nature ; 
Mais  1'autre  la  surpasse  en  tout  ce  qu'il  ecnt." 

Did  Ben  Jonson,  when  writing  under  Droe- 
shout's  portrait,  imitate  or  plagiarise  these  lines  ? 
The  epigrammatic  point  seems  strangely  alike  in 
both  pieces. 

How  far  would  the  granting  of  the  imitation  or 
plagiarism  of  these  lines  by  Jonson  affect  Droe- 
shout's  portrait  as  "the  only  authenticated"  one? 
Was  the  epigram  fitted  to  the  portrait,  or  was 
the  portrait,  being  ready,  suggestive  of  the  epi- 
gram, as  being  too  good  to  be  lost  under  the  cir- 
cumstances ?  Let  me  recall  "  a  modern  instance. 
In  1832,  Fraser's  Magazine,  No.  26,  contained 
an  engraving  from  Goethe's  portrait  by  Stieler  of 
Munich,  of  which  Carlyle  said,  "  So  looks  and 
lives  .  .  .  the  clearest,  most  universal  man  of  his 

time Nay,  the  very  soul  of  the  man  thou 

canst  likewise  behold,"  &c.  And  yet  the  copy  in 
Fraser's  Magazine  proved  a  total  failure  and 
involuntary  caricature,  resembling,  as  was  said  at 
the  time,  "  a  wretched  old-clothesman,  carrying 
behind  his  back  a  hat  which  he  seemed  to  have 
stolen."  (Carlyle's  Works,  ii.  p.  422.) 

I  do  not  quote  Jonson's  lines,  because  they 
are  known  to  every  one.  SAMUEL  NEIL. 

Moffat. 


ROBIN  GOODFELLOW  AND  PUCK. — In  the 
summer  Nights  Dream,  printed  in  the  folio  of 
1623,  I  do  not  find  the  name  of  "  Puck,"  and 
should  like  to  know  when  it  was  substituted  for 
that  of  "  Robin  Goodfellow  "  —  the  name  given 
to  this  character  in  the  folio.  If  the  name  of 
Puck  is  not  Shakspeare's,  why  is  it  retained  ? 

SIDNEY  BEISLT. 

[We  do  not  understand  what  cur  Correspondent  means 
by  saying  that  the  name  of  Puck  does  not  occur  in  the 
First  Folio ;  it  does  not  occur  in  the  List  of  Dramatis 
Persona,  for  there  is  no  such  list ;  but  it  occurs  in  the 
Play ;  for  instance,  Act  II.  Sc.  1 :  — 

"  Those  that  Hobgoblin  call  you,  and  sweet  Pucke,"  &c. 

"  My  gentle  Pucke,  come  hither,"  &c.] 


CURIOUS  FACT  IN  CRITICISM.  —  On  reading  the 
last  number  of  "  N.  &  Q."  (March  19),  I  was 
much  struck  by  a  proposed  emendation  by  QUIVIS 
of  bud  for  head  in  — 

"  Nips  youth  in  the  head,  and  follies  doth  emmew." 
Measure  for  Measure,  Act  III.  Sc.  1. 

It  seemed  to  me  very  obvious  and  probabl 
and  I  wondered  that  it  had  never  occurred  to  me ; 
and  on  consulting  the  Cambridge  Shakspeare,  it 
appeared  that  it  had  not  occurred  to  anyone 
else.  Judge,  then,  of  my  astonishment  when,  on 


: 

: 


V.  APRIL  23, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


341 


looking  into  the  MS.  of  my  own  Shakspeare- Ex- 
positor, I  found  the  line,  which  I  supposed  I  had 
copied  accurately  from  the  folio,  given  thus :  — 

"  Nips  youth  in  the  bud,  and  follies  doth  emmew," 
without  a  single  syllable  of  remark,  the  whole  note 
being  devoted  to  emmew!  It  is  quite  evident 
then,  that  nip  had  suggested  bud,  which  I  had 
unconsciously  written.  When  lately  printing  the 
play  it  never  recurred  to  my  mind.  This  I  think 
is  worth  noting,  as  it  is  a  key  to  many  of  the 
errors  of  printers. 

When  my  edition  of  The  Tempest  appears,  the 
reader  will  be  perhaps  surprised  at  my  simple 
solution  of  the  difficulty  in  "  Most  busy  lest  when 
I  do  it."  I  cannot  with  H.  N.  receive  gilded  for 
gulled  shore ;  the  correction  of  the  Second  Folio  in 
^Merchant  of  Venice,  Act  III.  Sc.  1,  for  a  gilded 
shore  is  nonsense  ;  and  guiled,  in  the  grammar  of 
the  time,  was  equivalent  to  guiling,  guileful. 

As  to  H.  N.'s  question  respecting  the  connexion 
of  "  One  touch  of  Nature  makes  the  whole  world 
kin"  (Tr.  and  Cr.,  Act  III.  Sc.  3),  I  would  reply 
that  Nature  gives  the  one  and  self-same  touch  to 
all  mankind,  z.  e.  affects  or  disposes  them  all  alike ; 
so  that  they  all  think  and  act  in  the  same  manner, 
and  the  connexion  with  the  following  line  is  thus 
manifest. 

I  would  beg  to  refer  A.  A.  to  "  N.  &  Q."  for 
1861  for  the  real  origin  ofincony. 

THOS.  KEIGHTLEY. 

AMERICAN  SHAKSPEARE  EMENDATION.  —  Is  the 
following  absurd  Shakspearian  emendation,  re- 
ferred to  by  Burton,  in  The  Book-Hunter  (p.  64), 
really  American  ?  — 

"Without  venturing  too  near  to  this  very  turbulent 
arena  (Shakspearian  Criticism)  where  hard  words  have 
lately  been  cast  about  with  much  reckless  ferocity,  I  shall 
just  offer  one  amended  reading  because  there  is  something 
in  it  quite  peculiar  and  characteristic  of  its  literary  birth- 
place beyond  the  Atlantic.  The  passage  commented  upon 
is  the  wild  soliloquy,  where  Hamlet  resolves  to  try  the 
test  of  the  play,  and  says:— 

'  The  devil  hath  power 
P  assume  a  pleasant  shape ;  yea,  and  perhaps 
Out  of  my  weakness  and  my  melancholy, 
As  he  is  very  potent  with  such  spirits, 
Abuses  me  to  damn  me.' " 
The  amended  reading  stands  — 

"  As  he  is  very  potent  with  such  spirits, 
Abuses  me  too — damme ! " 

If  so,  I  should  like  to  know  in  what  publication  it 
first  appeared.  It  is  difficult  to  believe  that  such 
stuff  could  have  been  written  except  as  a  satire. 

J.  C.  L. 

INVENTORY   OF    SHAKSPEARE'S  GOODS.  —  It   is 

probable   that   the    inventory   mentioned   in   the 

1  Probate  Act,"  appended  to  Shakspeare's  will, 

then  constrained  to  be  made  by  law,  and  now 

lodged  in  the  registry  of  the  Prerogative  Court  of 


Canterbury,  at  Doctor's  Commons,  made  some 
mention  of  the  manuscript  plays  :  for  the  fact  of 
Dr.  Hall  proving  the  will  in  that  Court,  instead 
of  doing  so  in  the  Diocesan  Court,  demonstrates 
that  the  poet  left  personal  property  in  one  other 
diocese,  at  least,  besides  tfcat  in  which  he  died ; 
and  as  this  other  diocese  could  only  be  in  London, 
the  inventory  must  contain  some  detail  relative  to 
his  managerial  interests  and  concerns.  J.  D.  D. 

LEADING  APES  IN  HELL  (3rd  S.  v.  193.)  — 
Shakspeare  has  the  following  allusions  to  this 
phrase  :  — 

In  Much  Ado  About  Nothing  (Act  II.  Sc.  1.), 
Beatrice  says : 

"  I  will  even  take  sixpence  in  earnest  of  the  bear -herd, 
and  lead  his  ages  into  hell." 

In  Taming  of  the  Shreiv  (Act  II.  Sc.  1),  Kathe- 
rine  says : 

"  I  must  dance  barefoot  on  her  wedding-day, 
And,  for  your  love  to  her,  lead  apes  in  hell." 

N.  M.  T. 


THE  DESCENDANTS  OF  SHAKSPEARE'S  SISTER 
JOAN. 

In  William  Howitt's  Visits  to  Remarkable  Places, 
and  in  his  Homes  and  Haunts  of  the  Poets,  mention 
is  made  of  the  descendants  of  Shakspeare's  sister 
Joan,  who  married  a  Hart ;  indeed  allusion  is 
made  in  the  last-named  work  to  the  remarkable 
likeness  between  the  bust  of  Shakspeare  in  Strat- 
ford-upon-Avon  church,  and  one  of  Joan's  de- 
scendants then  educating  at  Stratford.  The 
former  pedigree  of  Shakspeare  and  his  connec- 
tions is  given  in  Shakspeare's  Home,  by  J.  C.  M. 
Bellew. 

The  descendant  of  the  Stratford-upon-Avon 
branch  of  the  Shakspeare  Harts  is  now  in  Aus- 
tralia. 

I  send  you  a  pedigree  of  the  Tewkesoury  branch, 
kindly  furnished  by  the  late  post-master  of  Tewkes- 
bury,  Mr.  Jno.  Spurrier,  and  from  the  writing  of 
Mr.  W.  Potter,  an  old  inhabitant  of  Tewkesbury, 
whose  sister,  Hannah  Potter,  married  William 
Shakspeare  Hart.  The  inscriptions  on  the  tomb- 
stones also  relate  to  the  same  subject;  and,  in 
giving  these  particulars  to  your  pages, '  a  hope 
may  be  expressed,  that  in  building  monuments, 
collecting  the  scattered  property,  and  founding 
museums  and  libraries  to  Shakspeare,  when  the 
curatorship  of  these  places  is  to  be  bestowed,  the 
living  descendants  of  Shakspeare's  sister  Joan  will 
not  be  forgotten. 

Pedigree  of  Shakspeare's  sister,  Joan  Shak- 
speare, who  married  a  Hart.  The  Tewkesbury 
branch  :  — 

John  Shakspeare  Hart,  about  seventy  years 
back,  was  living  in  Tewkesbury ;  he  married  a 


342 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'dS.V.  APRIL  23,  '64. 


person  of  the  name  of  Richardson ;  he  was  the 
owner  of  some  property  at  Stratford,  which  his 
family  sold  some  forty  or  fifty  years  back.  He 
had  three  children,  William,  Sarah,  and  John. 
John  died;  was  not  married.  William  married 
Hannah  Potter.  He  had  six  children ;  Elizabeth 
married  Russell;  died,  left  no  children.  Mary 
Ann  died  unmarried.  Thomas  died  leaving  two 
children,  a  son  and  a  daughter ;  his  son  is  named 
George,  and  his  daughter  Joan  ;  they  live  at  Bir- 
mingham. Ellen  married  John  Ashley,  carpenter 
of  Tewkesbury ;  died  leaving  four  sons  and  one 
daughter.  Sarah  married  William  Ashley,  a 
carpenter.  She  is  living  at  Evesham;  has  a 
family.  Hannah  married  Edwin  Elliot,  lace  wea- 
ver ;  lives  at  Beeston,  near  Nottingham.  She  has 
a  family  of  children. 

Sarah  Hart  married  William  Whitehedd ;  died, 
leaving  a  family  of  seven.  Thos.  Whitehedd,  two 
children,  at  Cheltenham.  William  Whitehedd,  at 
Tewkesbury,  twelve  children.  George  married, 
but  no  child.  John,  stocking-weaver ;  three  chil- 
dren, at  Bulstone.  Henry,  single.  Martha  mar- 
ried George  Grubb ;  keeps  a  beer-house  in  the 
Oldbur/.  Ann  married  Henry  Key,  glazier  and 
plumber,  living  at  Winchcomb  ;  seven  children. 

On  the  north  side  of  the  Abbey  Church,  Tewkes- 
bury, there  is  a  headstone  on  which  is  written  the 
following,  in  good  preservation :  — 

"  In  Memory  of  Jno.  Hart,  who  died  Jan.  22nd,  1800» 
the  sixth  descendant  from  the  Poet  Shakespear,  aged  45 
years. 

Here  lies  the  only  comfort  of 

my  life  who  was  the  best  of 

Husbands  to  a  Wife,  since 

he  is  not  no  Joy  I  e'er  shall 

have  till  laid  by  him 

within  this  silent  grave ; 

Here  we  shall  sleep,  and  quietly 

remain  till  by  God's  Power 

we  meet  in  Heaven  again, 

There  with  Christ  eternally 

to  dwell,  and  until  that 

blest  time,  my  Love,  farewell." 

In  the  old  Baptist  burial-ground  there  is  a  head- 
stone with  the  following :  — 

"  In  Memory  of  Jno.  Turner,  who  departed  this  Life 
May  18"',  1808,  aged  54  years.  Also  of  Wm.  Shakespear 
Hart,  who  died  Nov*  22«»»,  1834,  aged  56  years.  Like- 
wise Hannah,  Widow  of  the  above  W.  S.  Hart,  died  FebT 
13th,  1848,  aged  67  years." 

2. 

;'  To  the  Memory  of  Thomas  Shakespear  Hart,  who  died 
Novr  13th,  1850,  aged  47  years. 

'  Boast  not  of  thyself,  for  thou  knowest  not  what  a  day 
may  bring  forth.' " 

A.B. 

SOMETHING  NEW  ON  SHAKSPEARE. 
As  a  general  rule,  extracts  from  newly-printed 
books  are^iiot  suited  to  "  N.  &  Q.,"  but  I  think 
an  exception  may  be  made  in  favour  of  one  which 


is  not  published  in  England,  and  of  which  I  pre- 
sume presentation  copies  alone  have  arrived  here. 
It  contains  an  entirely  new  view  of  one  of  Shak- 
speare's  heroines  by  the  late  John  Quincey 
Adams,  sixth  President  of  the  United  States  : — 

"  Whatever  sympathy  we  may  feel  for  the  sufferings 
of  Desdemona,  flows  from  the  consideration  that  she  is 
innocent  of  the  particular  crime  imputed  to  her,  and  that 
she  is  the  victim  of  a  treacherous  and  artful  intriguer. 
But  while  compassionating  her  melancholy  fate  we  cannot 
forget  the  vice  of  her  character.  Upon  the  stage  her  fond-, 
ling  with  Othello  is  disgusting.  Who  in  real  life  would 
have  her  for  sister,  daughter,  or  wife  ?  She  is  not  guilty 
of  infidelity  to  her  husband,  but  she  forgets  all  the  affec- 
tion for  her  father,  and  all  her  own  filial  affection  for  him. 
When  the  Duke  proposes,  on  the  departure  of  Othello  far 
the  war,  that  she  should  return  during  his  absence  to 
her  father's  house,  the  father,  the  daughter,  and  the 
husband  all  say  'no,'  she  prefers  following  Othello  to  be 
besieged  by  the  Turks  in  the  island  of  Cyprus. 

"The  character  of  Desdemona  is  admirably  drawn,  and 
faithfully  preserved  throughout  the  play.  It  is  always 
deficient  in  delicacy.  Her  conversation  with  Emilia  indi- 
cates unsettled  principles,  even  with  regard  to  the  obligation 
of  the  nuptial  tie,  and  she  allows  lago,  almost  unrebuked, 
to  banter  with  her  very  coarsely  upon  women.  This 
character  takes  from  us  so  much  of  the  sympathetic  in- 
terest in  her  sufferings,  that  when  Othello  smothers  her  in 
bed,  the  terror  and  pity  subside  immediately  into  the  senti- 
ment that  she  has  her  deserts."  —  Notes  and  Comments  upon 
certain  Plays  and  Actors  of  Shakspeare,  by  James  Henry 
Hackett,  New  York,  1863,  p.  235. 

The  above  is  from  a  letter  of  Mr.  Adams.  Mr. 
Hackett,  in  a  note,  says  that  he  doe$  not  share  his 
correspondent's  opinions  on  Desdemona.  I  fear 
that  the  Americans  are  descending  from  that  high 
standard  of  purity  which  prevented  the  young 
lady  telling  Sam  Slick  her  brother's  rank  in  the 
navy,  and  are  going  to  plays  as  bad  as  Othello. 
"Manhattan's"  letter  in  The  Standard  of  Feb. 
19,  says:  — 

"  Last  night  I  went  to  the  Olympic  Theatre  of  Mr. 
John  Wood,  formerly  Laura  Kean's  Theatre.  It  was 
jammed  before  seven  o'clock,  and  the  play  commenced  at 
eight.  The  cream  of  our  citizens— I  counted  thirty- 
seven  fur  capes,  that  our  Mayor,  Gunther,  never  sold  for 
less  than  300  dollars  each,  on  females  close  to  me.  _The 
music  was  superb.  "The  play  was  a  new  one,  written 
conjointly  by  two  Bohemians,  named  Beaumont  Daly 
and  Fletcher  Wood,  and  called  Taming  the  Butterfly.  I 
stayed  it  over,  and  dared  not  lift  my  eyes  or  look  at  any 
respectable  female  in  my  vicinity,  for  fear  I  should  mor- 
tify her  by  seeing  her  blush  and  cover  her  face.  It  was 
cheered  from  beginning  to  the  end,  but  was  full  of  doubles 
entendres  —  DO,  there  was  no  doubt  it  was  such  as  no 
respectable  lady  would  hear  twice." 

I  should  like  to  know  whether  the  second  per- 
formance was  to  empty  benches.      FITZHOPKINS. 
Garrick  Club. 


THE  KESSELSTADT  MASK  OF  SHAKSPEARE. 

Since  my  notice  of  this  supposed  mask  of  Sh 
speare  was  written,  I  have  received  some  informa 
tion  upon  the  subject,  which  I  think  ought  to  be 
laid  before  the  readers  of  "N".  &'Q." 


: 

± 


3'dS.V.  APRIL  23, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


343 


In  the  first  place,  I  am  assured  that  although 
the  worthy  Canon  of  Mayence  was  of  a  very  re- 
spectable family,  it  was  not  a  family  of  sufficient 
importance  to  have  furnished  an  ambassador  to 
this  country,  or  even  an  attache  to  an  embassy ; 
one  not  at  all  likely  to  have  numbered  among  its 
branches  any  member  of  the  diplomatic  body. 

Secondly,  the  late  canon  and  his  brother  were 
driven  to  such  distress  during  the  continental 
troubles  which  followed  the  French  Revolution,  as 
frequently  to  have  been  in  want  of  the  common 
necessaries  of  life — even  of  food;  and  had  they 
possessed  at  that  period  such  a  collection  of  anti- 
quities as  has  been  supposed,  they  must  neces- 
sarily have  parted  with  them  for  their  support. 

With  the  peace  came  better  times ;  the  canonry 
was  bestowed  upon  one  of  them,  and  the  other 
contrived  to  get  together  the  means  of  living  very 
quietly ;  and  they  then  amused  themselves  by 
forming  the  collection  of  antiquities  which  was 
eventually  sold  by  auction ;  and  I  am  assured  that 
the  zeal  with  which  they  applied  themselves  to  its 
formation  far  exceeded  their  judgment  and  good 
taste. 

Thirdly,  that  collection  was  well  known  to  an 
English  gentleman  distinguished  for  his  know- 
ledge of  early  English  Literature  and  Antiquities. 
Mr.  De  Pearsall,  whose  madrigals  and  "  Hardy 
Norseman  "  have  made  his  name  familiar  to  all 
lovers  of  sweet  sounds,  and  whose  contributions 
to  The  Archceologia  on  "  The  Kiss  of  the  Virgin," 
"  Duels  in  the  Middle  Ages,"  &c.,  are  justly  re- 
garded as  among  the  most  interesting  papers  in 
that  valuable  collection,  was  well  acquainted  with 
the  brothers  Kesselstadt,  and  at  the  sale  of  the 
collection  purchased  some  of  the  most  interesting 
objects  in  it,  which  are  at  this  time  in  the  pos- 
session of  his  daughter,  Mrs.  Hughes. 

When  we  consider  how  highly  a  gentleman  of 
Mr.  De  Pearsall's  taste  and  acquirements  would 
have  prized  such  a  Shakspearian  relic  as  the  Kes- 
selstadt Mask  if  satisfied,  as  he  had  every  oppor- 
tunity of  satisfying  himself,  of  its  genuineness,  we 
cannot  but  consider  the  fact  that  he  did  not  be- 
come the  purchaser  of  it,  as  a  strong  proof — for 
though  only  a  negative  proof  it  is  still  a  very 
strong  one — that,  in  the  opinion  of  a  very  competent 
authority,  who  had  the  advantage  of  being  able  to 
investigate  its  history  thoroughly,  the  Kesselstadt 
mask  was  not  what  it  professed  to  be,  a  cast 
taken  from  the  face  of  Shakspeare  after  his  death. 
WILLIAM  J.  THOMS. 


PROFESSOR  ARCHER  BUTLER'S  ESSAY  ON 

SHAKSPEARE. 

_  Among  the  many  literary  plans  and  works  de- 
vised at  this  season  to  honour  the  memory  of 
Shakspeare,  has  it  been  suggested,  or  attempted,  to 
collect  from  periodical  literature  and  other  out-of- 


the-way  and  forgotten  sources,  such  papers  on 
Shakspeare  as  are  really  worth  reprinting  ?  One 
such  paper  I  shall  mention, — an  Essay  written  by 
the  late  gifted  and  lamented  Professor  Archer 
Butler,  while  an  undergraduate  in  the  University 
of  Dublin,  between  the  age  of  eighteen  or  nine- 
teen. Though  written  at  such  an  early  age,  this 
Essay  has  much  of  the  vigorous  thought,  discri- 
minating criticism,  and  eloquent  diction,  which 
marked  his  maturer  years.  It  appeared  in  the 
first  number  of  the  Dublin  University  Review, 
January,  1833,  p.  87,  and,  I  believe,  has  never 
been  reprinted.  The  concluding  passage  is  as  fol- 
lows, but  it  cannot  give  any  notion  of  the  charm- 
ing and  genial  Essay  from  which  it  is  taken  :  — 

"  The  Heart  of  Man — the  same  in  every  clime  and  sea- 
son— was  the  subject  which  SHAKSPEARE  sought  to  exa- 
mine; and  he  disencumbered  the  mighty  problem  of 
every  term  which  did  not  immediately  enter  into  that 
calculation.  Scorning  to  confine  himself  to  the  superfi- 
cial varieties  of  character,  he  explored  the  quality  of  the 
metal  that  lies  beneath.  Others  are  content  to  consign 
to  verse  the  endless  modifications  of  social  man ;  it  was 
SHAKSPEARE'S  alone  to  grasp  the  abstract  Spirit  of  Hu- 
manity." 

There  is  an  admirable  paper  on  Cowper  by  Pro- 
fessor Butler  in  the  same  volume,  p.  325,  and 
next  to  it  a  story  by  Carleton,*  which  have  not, 
either  of  them,  been  reprinted. 

As  a  query  was  made  not  long  ago  about  the 
Dublin  University  Review,  I  may  mention  that  it 
consists  of  two  volumes,  or  six  numbers,  reaching 
from  January,  1833,  to  April,  1834.  After  it 
ceased  to  exist  in  this  form,  it  began  a  new  life 
as  a  monthly  serial  under  the  title  of  The  Dublin 
University  Magazine. 

I  have  often  wished  to  see  all  Dr.  Johnson's 
papers  on  Shakspeare  collected  and  published  in 
one  well-printed  volume.  His  other  papers  would 
form  a  valuable  supplement  to  his  famous  Preface. 

Perhaps  some  of  your  correspondents  would 
help  to  furnish  a  list  of  the  best  Shakspeare  papers 
in  periodical  literature  with  the  writers'  names 
when  known ;  also  critical  notices  of  Shakspeare 
or  illustrations  of  his  works  not  generally  known, 
or  not  to  be  found  in  works  professedly  devoted 
to  Shakspeare. 

Among  those  who,  from  a  moral  and  religious 
joint  of  view,  have  formed  a  very  unfavourable 
estimate  of  Shakspeare,  may  be  noted  the  writer 
of  a  remarkable  article  in  the  Eclectic  Review, 
January,  1807,  and  also  the  excellent  Richard 
Jecil.  See  Cecil's  Remains,  published  by  Knight 
jno  date  or  index),  p.  100.  This  is  a  point,  how- 
ever, on  which  the  best  men  differ. 

ElRIONNACH. 

*  It  has  been  a  matter  of  much  surprise  to  me  that  the 
xisting  materials  for  several  additional  volumes  of  Carle- 
,on's  inimitable  Traits  and  Stories  of  the  Irish  Peasantry, 
mve  never  been  collected  from  the  various  serials  in 
vhich  they  are  scattered  and  lost  sight  of. 


344 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3**  S.  V.  APRIL  23,  '64. 


DE  VERB,  EARL  or  OXFORD  :  BATTLE  or 
RADCOT  BRIDGE.  —  The  author  of  the  Marriage 
of  Thame  and  Isis  describes  the  manner  in  which 
Robert  De  Vere,  the  favourite  of  Richard  II., 
escaped  from  the  field  of  battle  :  — 

"  Hie  Verus,  notissimus  apro, 
Dam  dare  terga  negat  virtus,  et  tendere  contr& 
Non  sinit  invictae  rectrix  prudentia  mentis ; 
Undique  dum  resonat  repetitis  ictibus  umbo, 
Tinnituque  strepit  circum  suatempora  cassis, 
Sededit  in  fluvium;  fluvius  laetatus  et  illo 
Hospite,  suscepit  salvum,  salvuinque  remisit." 

(Quoted  in  Camden's  Britannia,  vol.  i.  p.  285.) 

Froissart  relates  that,  when  De  Vere  was  in- 
formed that  the  army  of  the  Barons  was  approach- 
ing from  London  to  attack  him,  he  caused  all  the 
bridges  over  the  Isis  to  be  broken  down,  to  pre- 
vent their  crossing ;  but  that,  owing  to  the  ex- 
treme dryness  of  the  season,  a  ford  was  found  by 
which  they  passed  through,  horse  and  foot,  and 
easily  defeated  him.  (Froissart,  vol.  iii.  p.  491, 
translated  by  Johnes,  of  Hafod.) 

Is  any  instance  recorded  in  modern  times,  of 
the  river  having  sunk  so  low  ?  I  never  ascended 
it  so  high  as  Evesham,  but  I  know  that  to  a  con- 
siderable distance  above  Godstow  it  presents  the 
appearance  of  a  deep  stream,  not  fordable  in  any 
part. 

De  Vere  escaped  to  the  Netherlands,  whence, 
after  some  time,  he  was  invited  to  the  Court  of 
France,  where  he  was  received  with  distinguished 
honours.  ^  He  bore  a  part  in  the  great  tourna- 
ment which  was  given  to  celebrate  the  entry  of 
Isabel  of  Bavaria  into  Paris.  His  race  has  perished, 
but  I  believe  that  several  of  our  nobility  and 
gentry  claim  relationship  with  them.  (The  Tour- 
nament is  described  by  Froissart,  vol.  iv.  p.  85.) 

The  Marriage  of  Thame  and  Isis  is  supposed 
to  be  the  production  of  Camden  himself:  and  it  is 
remarkable  that  he,  who  as  a  Westminster  man, 
probably  thought  it  incumbent  on  him  to  have  a 
fling  at  Eton,  should,  in  the  single  line  which  he 
devotes  to  that  purpose,  have  committed  a  false 
quantity :  — 

"  Quae  fuit  Orbiliis  nimium  subjecta  plagosis."  * 
n  The  first  syllable  in  plagosus  is  long,  as  most 
fourth-form  boys  at  Eton  know.  W.  D. 

JOHN  CLOTWORTHY,  FIRST  VISCOUNT  MASSA- 
REENE.— Sir  John  Clotworthy  was,  in  1660,  created 
Viscount  Massareene,  with  a  special  limitation  in 
favour  of  Sir  John  Skeffington,  who  had  married 
his  daughter,  and  who  accordingly  succeeded  to 
the  dignity  on  the  death  of  his  father-in-law, 
which  occurred  in  Sept.  1665. 

Mention  is  made  of  the  first  Viscount  Massa- 
reene in  the  first  and  second  volumes  of  Mrs. 
breens  Calendars  of  the  Domestic  State  Papers  of 
Uiarles  II.,  but  the  index  to  each  volume  errone- 

*  Camden,  i.  152. 


ously  ascribes  the  title  to  John  Skeffington  instead 
of  John  Clotworthy. 

As  a  general  index  to  the  Calendars  of  State 
Papers  may  be  expected  hereafter,  it  is  desirable 
that  errors  which  may  be  discovered  in  the  index 
to  any  volume  should  be  pointed  out. 

We  cheerfully  embrace  this  opportunity  of  re- 
newing our  acknowledgment  of  much  information 
of  a  valuable  and  varied  character  derived  from 
these  Calendars.  C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

ETYMOLOGY  AND  MEANING  or  THE  NAME 
MOSES.  —  Though  writers  differ  respecting  the 
etymology  of  the  name  (Moses),  yet  the  remarks 
of  Kalisch  on  the  subject  are  so  satisfactory  that 
I  think  they  deserve  a  corner  in  "  N.  &  Q." 

"The  etymology  and  meaning  of  the  name  Moses 
(who  is  called  by  the  SeptuagSnt  MOTJO-TJS,  and  by  the 
Vulgate  Moyses),  is  naturally  much  disputed;  for  the 
explanation  given  in  the  text,  'because  I  drew  him  out 
of  the  water'  (^Exodus,  ii.  10),  would  require  not  the 
active  form,  HC^D,  but  the  passive  participle,  ^lE^D.  The 
former  would  rather  imply  the  notion  of  a  general  lead- 
ing the  people  of  Israel  from  Egypt,  an  archageta.  Be- 
sides, it  is  questionable  that  the  Egyptian  princess  should 
have  given  her  adopted  son  a  Hebrew  name.  Antiquaries 
and  historians  have,  therefore,  justly  endeavoured  to  trace 
the  name  of  Moses  to  an  Egyptian  origin :  hence,  Jose- 
phus  observes  (Antiq.  n.  ix.  6),  'He  received  his  name 
from  the  particular  circumstance  of  his  infancy,  when  he 
had  been  exposed  in  the  Nile ;  for  the  Egyptians  call  the 
water  Mo,  and  one  who  is  rescued  from  the  waves  uses.' 
The  Septuagint,  then,  which  renders  the  word  by  MWUO-TJS, 
has  accurately  preserved  the  etymology.  Similarly,  Jo- 
sephus,  Contra  Apion,  i.  31 ;  Philo,  De  Vita  Mosis,  ii. 
83 ;  Eusebius,  Prcep.  Evang.  ix.  9, 28,  and  others ;  whence 
Moses  has  sometimes  been  called  uSoyenfc,  '  films  aquae,' 
the  son  of  the  water.  (See  Jablonsky,  Opus.,  i.  157 ; 
Rossius,  Etymolog.  ^Egypt.,  p.  127,  &c.)" 

This  etymology  of  the  word  Moses  is  the  most 
satisfactory  which  I  have  yet  seen.  The  remarks 
of  Dr.  Kalisch  are  taken  from  a  note  in  his  New 
Translation  of  the  Old  Testament,  part  "Exodus," 

ii.  10.  J.  D  ALTON. 

BUDDHISTS  IN  BRITAIN.  —  It  is  not  likely  that 
the  Buddhists,  if  ever  they  reached  the  British 
Isles,  came  from  the  eastern  shores  of  the  Medi- 
terranean, although  it  is  nearly  certain  that  Pali- 
stan,  literally  the  country  of  the  Pali  or  Buddhists, 
was  at  one  period  occupied  by  that  great,  race  of 
shepherds,  who  are  known  in  Indian  history  as 
Pali-pootras,  and  spoken  of  by  ancient  geogra- 
phers as  Pali-bothri;  and  who,  emigrating  from 
India,  traversed  many  countries  of  the  West,  and 
even  conquered  Egypt,  leaving  behind  them  in 
India,  Affghanistan,  Northern  Arabia,  Asia  Minor, 
and  perhaps  in  Egypt,  their  cave  dwellings  or 
temples  with  painted  walls.  It  is  far  more  pro- 
bable that  Buddhist  missionaries  would  have 
reached  Britain  from  Scandinavia,  the  earliest  in- 
habitants of  which  were  a  Buddhist  race,  an 


1 


3rd  S.V.  APRIL  23, '6  i.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


345 


votaries  of  Woden  or  Budhun,  one  of  whose  names 
was  Gotama,  whence  the  German  name  of  God. 
Some  Buddhist  sculptured  stones  I  once  saw  in 
India  are  singularly  like  the  ancient  upright 
stones  found  in  Great  Britain,  both  having  circles 
wrought  upon  them :  for  example,  the  centre 
stone  of  the  Aberlemno  groupe  in  Scotland.  The 
right-hand  stone  of  that  groupe  resembles  a  stone 
found  in  Cuttak,  and  the  left-hand  stone  is  ac- 
tually the  same  thing  as  the  sacred  snake  stone 
«€?t  up  for  worship  in  India.  Mr.  O'Brien  and 
Mr.  Wilson  describe  ancient  stones  in  Ireland  and 
Scotland,  on  which  occur  elephants  forming  cano- 
pies with  their  trunks,  which  is  a  very  common 
accompaniment  to  statues  of  Buddha.  The  snake, 
rhinoceros,  and  tiger  are  found  sculptured  on 
Buddhist  as  well  as  on  ancient  British  stones. 

Mr.  O'Brien's  theory  that  the  round  towers  of 
Ireland  are  Phallic,  and  of  Buddhist  origin,  is 
quite  untenable,  as  the  Lingam  or  Phallus  has  no 
place  whatever  in  the  Buddhist  religion.  The 
lately  discovered  markings  on  the  rocks  of  the 
Cheviot  hills  and  elsewhere  in  the  North,  a  draw- 
ing of  which  appeared  in  a  late  number  of  the  Illus- 
trated London  News,  may  be  of  Buddhist  origin. 
These  markings  consist  of  concentric  circles  sur- 
rounding a  half  moon.  The  Jainas,  a  sect  of 
Buddhists,  perform  their  festivals  at  changes  of 
the  moon.  The  greatest  of  all  their  festivals  is 
the  feast  of  the  Siddha  Circle ;  the  worship  is 
performed  before  nine  sacred  names  written  on 
the  earth  in  a  circle  containing  nine  divisions  of 
different  colours.  H.  C. 


ALEXANDER  THE  GREAT'S  GRANT  TO  THE  SCLA- 
yoNiANS.— In  a  MS.  dated  1714,  in  my  possession, 
is  the  following  passage,  the  original  of  which  is 
said  to  be  in  the  Illyriun  character,  attributed  to 
St.  Jerome,  in  the  church  at  Prague :  — 

"  We,  Alexander  the  Great,  of  Philip,  Founder  of  the 
Grecian  Empire,  Conqueror  of  the  Persians,  Medes,  &c., 
and  of  the  whole  world  from  east  to  west,  from  north  to 
south,  Son  of  the  great  Jupiter  by,  &c.,  so  called :  to  you 
the  noble  stock  of  the  Sclavonians,  so  called,  and  to  your 
Language,  you  have  been  to  us  a  help,  true  in  faith  and 
valiant  in  war,  we  confirm  all  that  tract  of  earth  from 
north  to  south  of  Italy  from  us  and  our  successors,  to 
you  and  your  posterity  for  ever :  and  if  there  be  any 
other  nation  found  there,  let  them  be  your  slaves.  Dated 
at  Alexandria  the  12  of  the  Goddess 'Minerva.  Witness 
Ethra  and  the  Princes,  whom  we  appoint  our  Successors." 

1.  Can  any  one  inform  me  whether  the  original 
of  this  grant  is  now  in  existence  at  Prague  ? 

!.  Is  there  a  copy  of  the  original  to  be  found 
in  any  printed  book  ?  LLALLAWG. 

ANDROS,  SIR  EDMUND,  Governor  of  Massa- 
chusetts, was  from  Guernsey.  What  was  his  coat 
°f  arms  ?  W.  II.  WHITMORE. 

Boston,  U.S.A. 


JAMES  BOLTON  was  a  botanical  artist  residing 
at  Halifax.  His  latest  publication  appeared  in 
1794.  When  did  he  die,  and  where  can  I  obtain 
information  respecting  him  ?  S.  Y.  R. 

BURLESQUE  PAINTERS. — 

"  Paul  Veronese  introduced  portraits  of  his  customers 
in  pleasant  situations;  Michael  Angelo  painted  those 
whom  he  did  not  like  in  Purgatory  and  worse.  Coypel, 
to  please  Boileau,  gave  Sanatol's  face  to  Satan  at  Confes- 
sion; and  Subleyras  represents  the  same  personage 
obliged  to  hold  the  candle  to  St.  Dominick,  as  very  like 
to  Cardinal  Dubois.1' — A  Letter  to  the  Members  of  the 
Society  of  Arts,  p.  7.  By  an  Engraver.  Lond.  1796." 

The  pamphlet  from  which  the  above  is  taken  is 
a  complimentary  notice  of  Barry's  pictures,  and  a 
recommendation  that  they  should  be  engraved  on 
a  large  scale.  I  shall  be  obliged  by  information 
as  to  where  the  two  pictures  are.  Who  was  San- 
atol  ?  and  what  is  "  holding  the  candle  to  St. 
Dominick"?  J.  R. 

COOTE,  LORD  BELLOMONT. —  Richard,  Earl  of 
Bellomont,  was  Governor  of  New  York  and  Mas- 
sachusetts. I  have  his  seal  with  numerous  quar- 
terings.  Can  any  one  say  what  arms  would  be  on 
his  shield?  W.  H.  WHITMORE. 

Boston,  U.S.A. 

FELLOWSHIPS  IN  TRINITY  COLLEGE,  DUBLIN. — 
I  have  a  copy  of  (I  think)  a  scarce  publication, 
entitled  The  Difficulties  and  Discouragements 
which  attend  the  Study  for  a  Fellowship  in  the 
College  of  Dublin  (12mo,  Dublin,  1735).  It  is 
in  the  form  of  "  A  Letter  to  a  young  Gentleman, 
who  intends  to  stand  Candidate  at  the  next  Elec- 
tion "  ;  and  appeared  anonymously.  W  ho  was 
the  author  ?  ABHBA. 

HILL,  MIDDLESEX  AND  WORCESTERSHIRE.  —  I 
shall  be  obliged  by  references  to  pedigrees  of 
this  family.  I  have  Sims's  Index.  R.  W. 

HYMN  QUERIES. — I  should  feel  much  obliged  if 
you,  or  any  of  your  readers,  would  give  me  the 
name  of  the  author,  or  authors,  of  the  hymns,  of 
which  the  first  lines  are  as  follow :  — 
"  O  it  is  hard  to  work  for  God," 
"  0  Faith,  thou  workest  miracles," 
"  0  how  the  thought  of  God  attracts," — 

which  I  have  not  met  with  in  different  selections  ; 
and  — 

"  My  God  I  love  Thee,  not  because 
I  hope  for  heaven  thereby," — 

in  Hymns,  Ancient  and  Modern.  I  should  be  glad 
also  to  know  to  whom  the  hymn,  4t  Jesu  Redemp- 
tor  omnium,"  and  that  beginning,  "  O  filii  et  filiae," 
are  attributed.  These,  together  with  several  other 
Latin  hymns,  your  correspondent  F.  C.  H.  has 
not  given  us  in  his  list.  Is  it  because  their  au- 
thorship is  too  uncertain?  Can  you  tell  me 
whether  Faber's  Hymns  have  ever  been  published 
by  themselves  ?  M.  J.  W. 


346 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3**  S.  V.  APRIL  23,  '64. 


CHARLES  LAMB'S  ALICE  W .  —  Are  there 

any  particulars  known  concerning  this  young 
lady  ?  Who  was  she?  Talfourd,  in  his  "  Letters  " 
of  the  poet,  hints  that  Lamb's  passion  for  her  was, 
on  his  own  confession,  not  very  lasting,  though 
the  supposition  seems  hardly  consistent  with  the 

fond  manner  in  which  Alice  W is  mentioned 

even  in  the  later  writings  of  Eli*.    Talfourd  says  : 

"  A  youthful  passion,  which  lasted  only  a  few  months, 
and  which  he  afterwards  attempted  to  regard  lightly  as  a 
folly  past,  inspired  a  few  sonnets  of  very  delicate  feeling 
and  exquisite  music." 

In  the  Final  Memorials,  however,  we  are  told 
that  Lamb's  verses  were  partly  inspired  — 

"  by  an  attachment  to  a  young  lady  residing  in  the 
neighbourhood  of  Islington,  who  is  commemorated  in  his 
early  verses  as  '  The  Fair- haired  Maid.'  How  his  love 
prospered  we  cannot  ascertain,  but  we  know  how  nobly 
that  love,  and  all  hope  of  the  earthly  blessings  attendant 
on  such  an  affection,  were  resigned  on  the  catastrophe 
which  darkened  the  following  year." 

Lamb  was  at  this  time  twenty  years  of  age.  I 
should  be  obliged  for  any  information  about 

Alice  W ,  if  such  is  to  be  had. 

ROBERT  KEMPT. 

MONKS  AND  FRIARS. — In  a  recent  review  of 
Mr.  Froude's  History,  I  read :  — 

"  We  have  observed  another  inaccuracy,  which  makes 
one  really  doubt  whether  Mr.  Froude  has  ever  read  the 
ecclesiastical  history  of  the  Middle  Ages,  not  to  say  the 
poets  and  novelists.  He  continually  speaks  of  Dominican 
monks  and  Augustinian  monks.  The  Dominicans  and 
Augustinians  were  friars,  not  monks.  Friars  were  not 
heard  of  till  many  centuries  after  Europe  had  been  over- 
spread by  monks,  and  there  were  no  more  bitter  enemies 
than  the  monks  and  friars.  As  well  might  the  historian 
of  the  Jews  speak  of  the  Pharisees  and  Sadducees  as  if 
they  were  convertible  terms." 

I  wish  to  ask  :  1.  What  was  the  distinction  be- 
tween monks  and  friars  ?  2.  Was  the  difference 
as  great  as  the  reviewer  implies  ?  F.  H.  M. 

NEEF.  —  Can  any  one  give  me  the  derivation  of 
neef,  the  North  Yorkshire  for  a  clenched  fist  ? 

EBORACUM. 

"  THE  NEMO,"  ETC.— There  was  printed  about 
thirty  years  ago  two  literary  periodicals  edited  by 
students  of  Edinburgh  University,  having  the 
titles  of  The  Nemo,  and  The  Anti-Nemo.  As  I 
have  been  unable  to  get  a  sight  of  these  papers, 
would  any  reader  who  may  have  copies  oblige  me 
with  the  titles  of  the  articles  ?  I  believe  °there 
were  only  two  or  three  numbers  printed  of  each 
periodical.  A  son  of  Professor  Wilson  (Chris- 
topher North)  was,  I  understand,  one  of  the  edi- 
tors. IOTA. 

"  REVENONS  A  NOS  MOUTONS."  —  What  is  the 
name  of  the  play  which  gave  rise  to  this  saying  ? 
what  was  its  date,  and  who  was  its  author  ? 

I/O.  S. 


"  ROYAL  STRIPES,"  ETC.  —  On  Wednesday, 
March  30,  died  Mr.  George  Daniel,  author  of 
The  Modern  Dunciad,  but  perhaps  more  generally 
known  as  the  editor  of  Cumberland's  British 
Theatre.  In  an  obituary  notice  in  The  Era  of 
April  3,  is  a  list  of  his  works :  he  published  — 

"In  1812,  Royal  Stripes;  or,  A  Kick  from  Yarmouth 
to  Wales,  for  the  suppression  of  which  a  large  sum  was 
ordered  to  be  paid  by  the  Prince  Regent.  Ten  pounds 
were  advertised  and  paid  for  a  copy." 

I  wish  to  know  the  evidence  on  which  this  not 
very  probable  statement  rests.  Mr.  Daniel  ap- 
pears in  all  his  works  which  1  have  read  to  have 
been  a  Tory  and  a  rather  high  churchman. 

In  a  list  of  the  works  of  Peter  Pindar,  jun. 
(Thomas  Agg*),  on  sale  by  Fairburn  in  1816,  is 
"  The  R — I  Sprain;  or,  A  Kick  from  Yarmouth  to 
Wales,  Is.  6d"  I  once  had  one,  which,  estimating 
at  its  literary  value,  I  threw  away,  when  selecting 
from  my  pamphlets  those  which  were  worth  bind- 
ing. I  remember  only  two  lines,  which  may  be 
valuable  if  a  copy  really  was  sold  for  IQl.  : — 

"  Blacks  in  one  moment  both  his  princely  eyes, 
While  from  his  nose  the  blood  in  torrents  "flies." 

The  style  is  not  like  that  of  Mr.  Daniel.  So 
far  as  I  can  recall  my  impression  of  the  book,  it 
was  one  of  mere  stupid  ribaldry,  and  not  likely 
to  be  bought  for  suppression  while  The  Twopenny 
Post  Bag  was  in  full  sale. 

Is  there  any  reason  to  believe  that  the  Prince 
Regent  ever  paid  for  the  suppression  of  a  printed 
book  ?  H.  B.  C. 

U.  U.  Club. 

[The  pamphlet  inquired  after  is  now  on  our  table,  and 
as  it  appears  to  be  somewhat  scarce,  and  no  copy  of  it  is 
to  be  found  in  the  British  Museum,  we  give  the  title  in 
full :  — 

"  R— y— 1  Stripes ;  or,  a  Kick  from  Yar— h  to  Wa— s ; 
with  the  Particulars  of  an  Expedition  to  Oat — ds,  and 

the  Sprained  Ancle:  a  Poem.    By  P P ,  Poet 

Laureat. 

"  Loud  roar'd  the  P e,  but  roar'd  in  vain, 

L d  Y h  brandish'd  high  his  cane, 

And  guided  ev'ry  r — y — 1  movement ; 
Now  up,  now  down,  now  to  and  fro, 
The  R — g— t  nimbly  mov'd  his  toe, 
The  Lady  much  enjoy 'd  the  show, 
And  complimented  his  improvement. 

"  London :  Published  by  E.  Wilson,  88,  Cornhill,  1812. 
Price  One  Shilling." 

The  title-page  of  our  copy  is  indorsed  "  By  George 
Daniel,"  in  the  neat  handwriting  of  a  gentleman  who 
has  been  personally  known  to  the  author  of  Merrie  Eng- 
land ever  since  he  left  Mr.  Thomas  Hogg's  boarding 
school  on  Paddington-Green,  or  from  the  time  that 


*    John   Agg.      Vide   Dictionary  of  Living  Authors, 
1816,  and  Catalogue  of  the  British  Museum.— ED.] 


3rd  S.  V.  APRIL  23,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


347 


was  mounted  on  a  stool  as  a  clerk  in  the  office  of  Mr. 
John  Cox,  Stock-broker,  in  Token-House  Yard.  To 
set  the  matter  finally  at  rest,  Mr.  Daniel  himself  has 
laid  claim  to  the  authorship  of  this  satirical  poem  in  the 

"  Memoir  of  D. G.,"  with  his  own  portrait,  both  of 

which  are  prefixed  to  George  Colman's  comic  piece,  The 
Blue  Devils,  in  Cumberland's  British  Theatre,  1838.  Mr. 
Daniel  says,  "In  1811  he  published  The  Times;  or,  the 
Prophecy,  a  poem.  In  1812,  a  volume  of  Miscellaneous 
Poems ;  Royal  Stripes ;  or,  a  Kick  from  Yarmouth  to 
Wales  !  (for  the  suppression  of  which  a  large  sum  was 
given  by  order  of  the  Prince  Regent  —  ten  pounds  were 
advertised  and  paid  for  a  copy !) — and  The  Adventures  of 
Dick  Distich,  a  novel  in  3  vols.,  written  before  he  was 


Allusion  is  also  made  by  Mr.  Daniel  to  this  stifled  pro- 
duction in  some  of  his  subsequent  works,  e.  g.  in  the 
"  Suppressed  Evidence;  or,  R — I  Intriguing,  fyc.  By 
P P ,  Poet  Laureat,  author  of  R— I  Stripes  (sup- 
pressed), 8vo,  1813."  Again,  at  the  commencement  of 
Ophelia  Keen. !!  a  Dramatic  Legendary  Tale,  12mo,  1829 
(printed  but  also  suppressed),  we  read  :  — 

"  Come,  listen  to  my  lay :  I  am 

The  tuneful  Bard  —  you  know  me  — 
That  sung  the  whisker'd  bold  Geramb ; 
What  lots  of  fun  you  owe  me ! 

"  I  sung  The  Royal  Stripes  —  Come,  listen ; 

I  sing  the  devil  to  pay ; 

Your  hearts  shall  leap,  your  eyes  shall  glisten : 
Come  listen  to  my  lay ! " 

It  must  be  acknowledged,  however,  that  the  statements, 
that  "  for  the  suppression  of  the  Royal  Stripes  a  large 
sum  was  given  by  order  of  the  Prince  Regent,"  and  that 
"  ten  pounds  were  advertised  and  paid  for  a  copy  " — have 
always  excited  surprise  in  literary  circles.] 

"  HYMEN'S  TRIUMPH."  —  Can  you  tell  me  who 
was  the  author  of  the  tragi-comedy,  called  Hy- 
men's Triumph,  written  in  honour  of  the  nuptials 
of  Lord  Roxburghe  ?  I  presume  this  was  Habbie 
Ker,  the  first  Baron  and  Earl  of  Roxburghe,  who, 
by  the  way,  was  married  thrice;  and  the  poem 
haying  been  published  in  1623,  it  was  probably 
written  on  or  after  the  noble  lord's  second  mar- 
riage, the  date  of  which  I,  however,  don't  exactly 
know.  W.  R.  C. 

[Hymen's  Triumph  is  by  Samuel  Daniel,  the  poet  and 
historian,  termed  by  Headley  "  the  Atticus  of  his  day." 
This  pastoral  Tragi-Comedy  was  presented  at  the  Queen's 
(Anne  of  Denmark)  court  in  the  Strand,  at  her  Majesty's 
magnificent  entertainment  of  the  King's  most  excellent 
Majesty,  being  at  the  nuptials  of  the  Lord  Roxborough, 
on  Feb.  3,  1613-14,  and  is  dedicated  by  a  copy  of  verses 
to  her  Majesty.  It  is  introduced  by  a  pretty  prologue,  in 
which  Hymen  is  opposed  by  Avarice,  Envy,  and  Jealousy, 
the  disturbers  of  matrimonial  happiness.  It  was  entered 
on  the  Stationers'  Registers  on  June  13,  1613-14,  and  is 
reprinted  in  Nichols's  Progresses  of  James  I.  ii.  749.  The 
"magnificent  entertainment"  was  the  marriage  of  Sir 


Robert  Ker,  Lord  Roxburghe,  to  his  second  wife,  Jeane, 
third  daughter  of  Patrick,  third  Lord  Drummond.  She 
was  a  lady  of  distinguished  abilities,  preferred  before  all 
to  the  office  of  governess  of  the  children  of  King  James  I.I 

VISCOUNT  CHEKINGTON  published  his  Memoirs, 
containing  a  Genuine  Description  of  the  Govern- 
ment and  Manners  of  the  present  Portuguese.  Lond. 
2  vols.  12mo,  1782.  Who  was  he  ?  S.  Y.  R. 

[This  work  is  fictitious,  and  is  criticised  as  a  novel  in 
the  Monthly  Review,  Ixvii.  389.  The  author  was  Capt- 
R.  Muller  of  the  Portuguese  service,  who,  having  commu- 
nicated it  to  a  friend,  received  from  him  the  following 
laconic  acknowledgement  :  — 
"  Carissimo  Amico, 

Se  non  e  vero,  e  ben  trovato. 

FRANZINI. 
Lisbon,  24<"  9*™,  1778." 

Which,  says  the  author,  when  paraphrased  into  English, 
is  as  much  as  to  say  :  — 

"  My  dear  Friend,  —  Though  all  the  circumstances  you 
relate  may  not  have  actually  happened  or  corne  to  pass* 
yet  they  are  descriptive  of  the  people  you  give  an  account 
of  as  if  they  really  had." 

Nothing  more  is  known  of  Lord  Viscount  Cherington 
than  that  he  was  born  in  Brazil.  His  father,  Dr.  Castle- 
ford,  is  the  hero  of  the  tale  ;  and  the  principal  informa- 
tion relating  to  this  gentleman  is,  that  he  was  physician 
to  the  English  factory  at  Lisbon,  and  was  banished  from 
thence  to  Brazil  by  the  villanous  artifices  of  a  Jesuit.  ] 

POTIPHAR.  —  In  the  Septuagint  Version,  Poti- 
phar  is  described  as  being  6  cwovxos  *apow  (Genesis, 
xxxix.  1).  Is  this  a  correct  translation  of  the 
Hebrew  word  ?  MELETES. 

[The  question  is  one  which  the  learned  have  not  yet 
decided.  There  can  be  no  doubt  that  the  Hebrew  word 
^"ID»  "which  the  Septuagint  has  here  rendered 
,  did  properly  and  primarily  signify  an  eunuch, 
in  the  strict  sense  of  the  word.  It  has,  however,  been 
plausibly  maintained  that  saris  often  implied  simply  an 
officer  of  the  court  ;  and,  in  accordance  with  this  view,  it 
is  rendered  by  our  translators  chamberlain  in  Esth.  i.  10, 
and  officer  in  the  passage  now  before  us,  as  well  as  in 
Gen.  xxxvii.  36,  where  they  have  annexed  the  marginal 
note  "  Heb.  eunuch.  But  the  word  doth  signify  not  only 
eunuchs,  but  also  chamberlains,  courtiers,  and  officers,  Esth. 
i.  10."  This,  however,  has  been  controverted. 

The  full  discussion  of  the  question  is  not  exactly  suited 
to  our  pages.] 

THE  ROBIN.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers  inform 
me  whether  there  is  any  foundation  for  the  popu- 
ar  belief,  that  the  young  robin  will  frequently 
fight  with  and  destroy  its  own  father  ?  L.  G. 

[Yarrell  (History  of  British  Birds,  i.  261)  speaks  of 
the  robin  as  one  of  the  most  pugnacious  among  birds,  but 
not  as  a  parricide.] 


sars, 


348 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


.  V.  APRIL  23,  '64. 


ELEANOR  D'OLBREUSE. 
(3rd  S.v.  11.) 

Eleonore  d'Esmiers  was  the  only  child  of  Alex- 
andre,  Seigneur  d'Olbreuse,  by  his  wife  Jacobina 
Poussard  de  Vaudre  (also  styled  by  some  writers 
Jacquette,  or  Jacqueline,  Poussard  du  Vigean)  ; 
and  was  born  in  March,  163£,  at  the  Chateau 
d'Olbreuse,  near  Usseau,  in  the  parish  of  Mauze 
(now  in  the  arrondisseraent  of  Niort,  and  depart- 
ment of  Deux-Sevres),  province  of  Poitou.  Her 
father,  the  lord  of  the  Castle  of  Olbreuse,  from 
which  he  derived  his  title,  was  a  nobleman  of  an 
ancient  family  in  Poitou,  and  one  of  the  numerous 
French  Protestant  families  exiled  by/  Louis  XIV. 
On  his  being  sent  into  banishment,  and  his  pro- 
perty confiscated,  he  sought  an  asylum  in  Holland ; 
taking  with  him  his  only  daughter,  the  beautiful 
young  "  Marquise  D'Esmers."  She  was  married, 
morganatically,  in  September,  1665,  at  Breda,  in 
Dutch  Brabant,  to  George  William  of  Brunswick 
Zelle,  Prince  of  Calemberg,  who  had  just  succeeded 
to  the  duchy  of  Zelle  by  his  elder  brother's 
death.  The  newly-married  pair  took  up  their 
residence  at  Zell,  where  the  lady  was  known  by 
the  title  of  Lady  of  Harbourg,  or  Von  Harburg, 
which  she  had  been  created  on  marriage  by  her 
husband.  On  September  15,  1666,  their  first 
child  was  born,  and  christened,  with  great  cere- 
mony, by  the  name  of  Sophia  Dorothea.  It  was 
she  who  became  subsequently  the  unfortunate,  if 
not  guilty,  spouse  of  her  cousin-german  George 
Louis,  then  Prince  of  Hanover,  and  eventually 
King  of  England ;  through  which  alliance  she 
was  ancestress  of  our  present  royal  family. 

Within  the  next  few  years,  Madame  von  Har- 
burg had  three  other  daughters,  all  of  whom  died 
in  infancy.  And  in  1672,  she  was  further  en- 
nobled as  Lady  Eleanora  von  Harburg,  Countess 
of  Wilhelmsburg,  from  an  island  in  the  Elbe, 
nearly  opposite  to  Hamburgh,  which  was  settled 
on  her  by  her  husband. 

In  August,  1676,  the  nuptial  ceremony  was 
solemnly  performed  at  Zelle;  on  which  she  be- 
came the  acknowledged  Consort  and  rightful 
Duchess  of  Zelle ;  to  which  rank  her  previous 
morganatic  union  did  not  entitle  her.  The  rank 
of  Princess  of  the  Germanic  Empire  was,  at  the 
same  time,  conferred  upon  her  by  the  Emperor 
Leopold  I. ;  but  it  was  stipulated  that  any  issue 
of  the  marriage  should  not  succeed  to  the  Duchy, 
but  be  styled  Counts  and  Countesses  of  Wil- 
helmsburg—so  strict  was  the  code  of  laws  re- 
garding such  alliances  at.  that  period.  However, 
by  treaty  of  July  13,  1680,  the  Duchess  Eleanora 
was  allowed  the  title  of  Duchess  of  Brunswick- 
Liineburg.  Her  husband,  Duke  George  William, 
died  August  28,  1705,  at  the  age  of  eighty-one  ; 


while  she  survived  till  Feb.  ^,  1722  :  her  death 
then  occurring  at  her  residence  in  Zelle,  in  the 
eighty-third  year  of  her  age. 

It  is  unnecessary  here  to  record  the  well-known 
events  in  the  career  of  her  daughter,  the  Princess 
Sophia  Dorothea  of  Zelle  :  it  will  be  sufficient  to 
remark,  that  her  marriage  with  Prince  George  of 
Hanover  was  dissolved  by  decree  of  the  Consis- 
torial  Court,  at  Hanover,  on  Dec.  28,  1694  ;  and 
she  was  thereupon  imprisoned  in  the  small  for- 
tress of  Ahlden,  with  the  title  of  Duchess  of 
Ahlden.  Here  she  was  compelled  to  spend  the 
remaining  long  years  of  her  sad  life  in  strict  con- 
finement, till  released  by  death,  after  a  captivity 
of  nearly  thirty-two  years,  on  Nov.  13,  1726.  It 
is  recorded  that  her  father  never  once  visited  her 
in  the  castle  of  Ahlden ;  though  her  aged  mother 
was  allowed  occasionally  to  cheer  her  solitude, 
and  see  her  at  intervals,  up  to  the  period  of  her 
own  death.  Her  remains  were  consigned,  with 
proper  honours,  to  the  family  vaults  at  Zelle; 
where  her  consort,  King  George  I.,  followed  her 
to  the  tomb  in  June  following. 

The  dates  of  the  death  of  either  the  Seigneur 
d'Olbreuse,  or  of  his  spouse,  have  not  been  ascer- 
tained by  me  from  any  of  the  authorities  I  have 
consulted  in  drawing  up  this  reply  to  MR.  WOOD- 
WARD'S query ;  but  the  Lady  Jacquette,  appar- 
ently, died  before  the  period  of  the  family  quit- 
ting France.  And  it  is  certain  that  the  banished 
noble  of  Poitou  survived  for  some  time  the  mar- 
riage of  his  daughter  Eleonore,  which  was  to 
make  him  ancestor  of  so  many  royal  houses  of 
Europe.  A.  S.  A, 

Cawnpore,  East  Indies. 


CIRCLE  SQUARING  (3rd  S.  v.  258.)  — The  book 
inquired  after  by  T.  T.  W.,  is  mentioned  by 
MR.  DE  MORGAN  in  his  Budget  of  Paradoxes. 
(Athenaum,  Nov.  14,  1863,  p.  646)  :  —  , 

"  The  Circle  Squar'd.  By  Thomas  Baxter,  Crashorn, 
Cleveland,  Yorkshire.  London,  1732.  8vo." 

"  Here  *  =  30-625.     No  proof  is  offered." 

I  think,  but  am  not  sure,  that  I  have  seen  a 
copy  of  this  book  in  the  British  Museum.  It  is, 
no  doubt,  great  rubbish.  EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

GEOGRAPHICAL  GARDEN  (3rd  S.  v.  173,  248.)— 
The  learned  divine  John  Gregorie,  in  his  Descrip- 
tion and  Use  of  Maps  and  Charts,  thus  speaks  of 
what  he  calls  a  "  Geographical  Garden  "  :  — 

"  It  is  propounded  by  a  man  ingeniously  enough  con- 
ceited, as  a  Device  nothing  besides  the  Meditation  of  a 
Prince,  to  have  his  Kingdoms  and  Dominions,  by  the 
direction  of  an  able  Mathematician,  Geographically  de- 
scribed in  a  Garden  Platform  :  the  Mountains  and  Hills 
being  raised,  like  small  Hillocks,  with  turfs  of  earth  ;  the 
Vallies  somewhat  concave  within  ;  the  Towns,  Villages, 
Castles,  and  other  remarkable  Edifices,  in  small  green  mossie 
Banks,  or  Spring-work, proportional  to  the  Platform;  the 


3*a  S.  V.  APRIL  23,  'G4.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


349 


Forests  and  Woods  represented  according  to  their  form 
and  capacity,  with  Herbs  and  Stubs ;  the  great  Rivers, 
Lakes,  and  Ponds,  to  dilate  themselves  according  to  their 
course  from  some  artificial  Fountain,  made  to  pass  in  the 
Garden  through  Channels,  &c.  All  wh  may,  doubtless, 
be  mathematically  counterfeited,  as  well  as  the  Horizontal 
Dial  and  Coat- armour  of  the  House,  in  Exeter-College 
Garden."  —  Workes,  4th  edit.  London,  1684,  4to,  Pt.  II. 
p.  328. 

Addison  refers  to  this  as  the  actual  device  of 
an  "  Eastern  King ;"  Gregorie  speaks  of  it  as  the 
conception  of  some  ingenious  essayist,  who  con- 
sidered it  worthy  of  "  the  meditation  of  a  Prince." 
The  question  still  remains,  who  is  the  writer  re- 
ferred to  ?  Let  me  ask,  has  this  erased  passage 
been  restored  in  any  edition  of  Addison's  Works  ? 
If  not,  where  is  the  MS.  of  his  Essay  on  the 
Imagination  ? 

In  the  work  of  an  eccentric  American  writer, 
viz.  Owen's  Key  to  the  Geology  of  the  Globe 
(Philadelphia,  1857),  at  p.  240,  occurs  an  interest- 
ing notice  of  Geographical  Gardens  actually  laid 
out.  I  am  sorry  I  have  not  the  book,  that  I 
might  give  the  passage;  especially  as,  to  the  best 
of  my  remembrance,  it  is  about  the  only  intelli- 
gible passage  in  the  whole  volume. 

ElRIONNACH. 

THOMAS  GILBERT,  ESQ.  (3rd  S.  v.  134,  263.)— 
In  the  chancel  of  the  little  church  of  Petersham 
is  a  tablet,  having  this  inscription  :  — 

"  Juxta  hunc  locum  si  turn  est  quicquid  mortale  fuit 
THOM.E  GILBERT  armigeri,  ex  generosa  et  perantiqua 
familia  oriundi,  ab  annis  teneris  Scholae  Etonensis  alum- 
nus. Poetices  sitim  ibi  primo  sentiebat,  quam  ex  fontibus 
utriusque  Academiae  postea  feliciter  explevit.  Nee  ab 
his  liberalis  animi  oblectamentis  se  unquam  avelli  pa- 
tiens.  Ipse  patrio  sermone  carmina  composuit;  Quibus 
nee  Grecae  nee  Romanae  Gratia  defuerunt.  Quid  vero 
haec?  Vir  fuit,  si  quis  alius,  Integer,  Probus,  severe 
Justus,  Fidus,  ad  amicos,  ad  omnes,  ad  Deum. 

**  Sine  promissis,  sine  dissimulatione,  sine  Superstitione, 
Firmus,  Benevolus,  Pius — Obiit  anno  salutis  1766,  aitatis 
suae  54. 

0NHTO2  JTANTA  BION  A'HN  ENAIKO2  OYK  ETI  TOTTO 
®NHTON  OH2  APETAI  KPEI22ONE2  EI2I  MOPOT." 

On  the  floor  is  a  stone,  inscribed :  —         '•••  I 

"  Beneath  this  stone  is  interred  ye  body  of  THO. 
GILBERT,  Esq.,  who  departed  this  life  November  yc  23rd, 
1766,  in  y«  54">  year  of  his  age. 

"  As  also  ANN,  wife  of  the  above  Tho.  Gilbert,  Esq.,  who 
died  June  the  15*,  1801,  aged  75  years.  This  is  inscribed 
by  a  person  truly  grateful  for  the  many  acts  of  generosity 
and  benevolence  received  from  both." 

I  am  not  able  to  give  from  other  sources  any 
account  of  Mr.  Gilbert,  nor  to  assert  that  he  is 
the  person  inquired  after.  But  from  the  fact 
of  his  having  ^studied  at  both  Universities,  and 
the  date  of  the  B.A.  degree  (p.  263),  when  the 
subject  of  the  epitaph  would  have  been  about 
twenty-one  years  of  age,  lead  to  a  conclusion  which 
is  confirmed  by  his  seeking  the  patronage  of  the 
Earl  of  Bute,  then  a  neighbour  and  all  powerful 


at  Kew ;  and  who,  no  doubt,  procured  the  per- 
mission, referred  to  in  the  second  letter,  for  Mr. 
Gilbert  to  lay  his  volume  before  the  Earl's  pupil, 
then  become  George  III. 

I  do  not  find  Mr.  Gilbert's  name  among  the 
permanent  inhabitants  at  Petersham.  From  his 
early  death,  we  may  presume  his  health  to  have 
been  delicate  :  and  as  the  letter  of  May  22,  1759, 
says  that  the  place  of  his  residence  that  summer 
was  very  uncertain,  it  is  probable  that  he  may,  as 
many  since,  have  chosen  Petersham  for  the  pecu- 
liar mildness  of  its  air. 

The  epitaph  may  be  seen  in  Manning  and  Bray's 
Surrey,  vol.  i.  p.  442.  W.  C. 

KOHL  (3rd  S.  iv.  166,  239,  402.)  —There  is  no 
doubt  that  kohl,  or  rather  kuhl,  is  antimony,  or 
rather  sulphuret  of  antimony,  a  blackish  mineral,  re- 
duced to  powder,  and  used  as  a  pigment  for  tinging 
the  eyelids  by  native  women  in  the  east,  who  believe 
that  it  adds  to  their  beauty  :  it  is  also  considered 
to  be  a  preventive  of  excessive  discharge  of  rheum 

from  the  eyes.     The  word  is  Arabic,  J[«s£  ,  but 

the  Persian  name,  tU^j ,  is  that  by  which  it  is 
always  called  in  Hindostan  :  I  write  from  per- 
sonal knowledge  and  observation.  A.  S.  A. 

MARTIN  (3rd  S.  v.  154,  222.)  —  I  am  obliged 
by  the  information  that  your  correspondent,  MR. 
BAXTER,  has  been  so  kind  as  to  give  in  answer  to 
my  inquiry.  From  Morant's  History  of  Essex,  to 
which  he  refers  me,  I  learn  that  Matthew  Martin, 
of  Alresford  Hall,  was,  or  was  supposed  to  be, 
descended  from  the  Martins  of  Saffron-  Walden. 
May  I  hope,  either  through  MR.  BAXTER'S  further 
kindness,  or  that  of  some  other  correspondent,  to 
learn  something  of  this  elder  branch  of  the  family? 
And  in  particular  I  should  be  glad  to  ascertain 
whether  any  member  of  it  was  ever  Lord  Mayor 
of  London?  P.  S.  C. 

CUSTOMS  IN  SCOTLAND  :  FIG-ONE  (3rd  S.  v.  153.) 
I  had  the  opportunity,  a  few  days  ago,  of  men- 
tioning this  matter  to  a  near  relative  of  the  late 
Lord  Langdale.  The  reply  I  received  was, — 
"  Fig-one !  oh,  there  must  be  some  blunder ;  it 
was  fig-sue,  well  enough  known  in  the  north, 
where  our  family  came  from.  I  remember"  (my 
informant  went  on)  "  my  uncle  expressing  more 
than  once  his  detestation  of  that  abominable  fig- 
sue  ;  he  used  to  laugh  and  say  that  when  he  was  a 
boy  he  begged  that  his  mother  would  let  him 
have  the  figs  by  themselves ;  they  were  good 
enough."  J.  Frrz-R. 

SIR  JOHN  CONINGSBY  (3rd  S.  v.  280.)— What  is 
the  authority  for  the  statement  contained  in  the 
inquiry  of  G.  J.  T.,  that  Sir  John  Coningsby  was 
slain  in  the  barons'  wars  at  Chesterfield,  1266  ? 
No  such  knight  is  mentioned  by  Dr.  Pegge,  in 
his  account  of  the  battle  of  Chesterfield.  W.  ST. 


350 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  V.  APRIL  23,  '64. 


GARIBALDI. — Can  you  find  room  for  the  fol- 
lowing reply  to  the  query,  "  Why  do  the  English 
so  admire  Garibaldi  ?  "  which  is  asked  abroad,  and 
may  be  thus  answered  at  home  ? 

"  When  Garibaldi  ceased  his  high  command, 

And  sheathed  his  sword — that  sword  a  bright  and 

keen  one — 

Nought  in  his  pocket  put  he  but  his  hand ; 
A  mighty  hand — and,  nobler  still,  a  clean  one." 

ANON. 

[We  are  very  glad  that  our  correspondent  has  given 
us  the  opportunity  of  thus  showing  our  admiration  of  an 
HONEST  MAN.— ED.  "  N.  &  Q."] 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

The  Works  of  William  Shakespeare.  Edited  by  Howard 
Staunton.  With  copious  Notes,  Glossary,  Life,  §-c.  In 
Four  Volumes.  (Routledge.) 

In  the  year  1857,  when  they  determined  upon  the  pub- 
lication of  an  Illustrated  Shakspeare,  Messrs.  Routledge, 
instead  of  contenting  themselves  with  simply  taking  up 
some  old  edition  and  adapting  their  illustrations  to  it, 
had  the  good  sense  to  endeavour  to  make  their  edition 
as  perfect  as  possible  by  securing  for  it  the  services  of  a 
competent  editor.  Mr.  Howard  Staunton,  the  gentleman 
selected  by  them,  was  understood  to  have  peculiar  fitness 
for  the  task  in  his  own  long  study  of  the  Poet,  and  to 
have  in  addition  the  advantage  of  numbering  among  his 
friends  some  able  and  zealous  Shakspearian  scholars. 
The  result  was,  that  while  the  Illustrated  Shakspeare 
exhibited  in  its  pictorial  embellishments  great  attractions 
for  the  many,  the  labours  of  Mr.  Staunton  attracted  to 
it  the  attention  of  more  critical  students  of  the  Poet's 
writings.  The  work  now  before  us  is  a  reprint  of  that 
edition,  without  the  artistic  embellishments.  It  is  com- 
prised in  four  handsomely  printed  volumes,  and  forms 
the  most  compact  edition  of  Shakspeare,  with  a  large 
apparatus  of  critical  and  illustrative  notes,  which  has 
yet  been  given  to  the  public.  We  regret  that,  owing  to 
an  unfortunate  misunderstanding  between  the  publishers, 
the  present  impression  is  necessarily  a  verbatim  reprint  of 
Mr.  Staunton's  first  edition,  for  it  contains  some  sharp 
criticisms  and  passages  which,  under  other  circumstances, 
would,  we  cannot  doubt,  have  been  softened,  if  not  alto- 
gether omitted. 

The  Works  of  William  Shakespeare.      The  Text  revised 
by  the  Rev.  Alexander  Dyce.  In  Eight  Volumes.   Second 
Edition.     Vol.  III.     (Chapman  &  Hall.) 
This  third  volume  of  Mr.  Dyce's  scholarlike  edition  of 
Shakspeare  contains,  As  You  Like  It;  The  Taming  of  the 
Shrew;  AWs  Well  that  Ends  Well;  Twelfth  Night ;  and 
The  Winter's  Tale.    It  exhibits  the  same  thorough  know- 
ledge of  his  subject  as  the  preceding,  but  is  characterised 
by  a  somewhat  bolder  introduction  of  amendments  of  the 
text.    Thus,  in  AWs   Well  that  Ends   Well,  when  the 
Steward  tells  the  Countess  —  "  Madam,  the  care  I  have 
had  to  even  your  content "  —  which  Johnson  had  satis- 
factorily explained,  "to  act  up  to  your  desires,"  and 
seems  so  well  paralleled  by  the  passage  in  Cymbeline  — 
"  •         •         .        .        but  we'll  even 
All  that  good  time  will  give  us," — 

Mr.  Dyce  would  read,  «  earn  your  content."  "  Win  your 
content,"  is  another  suggestion ;  but  both  are  alike  un- 
called for.  But  the  edition  is  a  valuable  one.  and  does 
credit  to  Mr.  Dyce. 


Shakspeare ;  a  Biography.     By  Thomas  De  Quincey,  the 
English  Opium-Eater.     (A.  &  C.  Black.) 
At  the  present  moment,   when  the  attention  of  all 
classes  is  turned  in  so  remarkable  a  manner  to  the  life 
and  writings  of  Shakspeare,  Messrs.  Black  have  shown 
considerable  judgment  in  reprinting,  in  a  very  cheap  and 
popular  form,  the  Biography  of  the  Poet,  written  by  that 
subtle  reasoner  and  profound  critic,  the  English  Opium 
Eater. 

Shakspere  and  Jonson.     Dramatic  versus    Wit  Combats^ 
Auxiliary  Forces  — Beaumont  and   Fletcher,    Marston, 
Decker,  Chapman,  and  Webster.     (Russell  Smith.) 
The  ingenuity  with  which  the  writer  brings  his  in- 
timate knowledge  of  the  Old  Dramatists  to  bear  upon  his 
views  of  the  literary  relations  between  Shakspeare  and 
Ben  Jonson,  will  interest  the  reader,  though  they  may 
not  succeed  in  convincing  him. 

Shakspeare  Jest- Books ;  comprising  JHerie  Tales  of  Skel- 
ton,  Jests  of  Scogin,  Sackfull  of  Newes,  Tarlton's  Jests, 
Merrie  Conceited  Jests  of  George  Peele ;  and  Jacke  of 
Dover.     Edited,  with   Introduction   and  Notes,   by  W. 
Carew  Hazlitt.    (Willis  &  Sotheran.) 
This  second  volume  of  Mr.  Hazlitt's  carefully  edited 
series  of  Elizabethan  Jest-Books  is  a  valuable  contribu- 
tion to  our  knowledge  of  the  wit  and  humour  of  the 
time  when  Shakspeare  flourished,  and  well  calculated  to 
impress  us  with  a  higher  sense  of  his  matchless  wit  and 
humour  when  compared  with  that  which  passed  current 
with  his  contemporaries. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  aa- 
dresses  are  given  for  that  purpose:  — 
REMARKS   ON    THE   DRESS    OF   THB   BRITISH   ARMY,  &c.,   by    Colonel 

Luard. 

Wanted  by  Dr.  Fleming,  37th  Regiment,  Aldershott. 

M.  MISSON'S  TRAVELS  OVER  ENGLAND, -with  some  account  of  Scotland 

and  Ireland.    London,  1719,  8vo. 

BARBER'S  (MRS.)  POEMS  ON  SEVERAL  OCCASIONS.    London,  1735,  8vo. 
MISCELLANEOUS   OBSERVATIONS    ON    THE    TRAGEDY    OF   MACBETH,   &c. 

London.  1745, 12mo. 

HAYES'S  (DANIFL)  WORKS  IN  VERSR.    London,  1769,  8vo. 
BIOGRAPHICAL  MEMOIRS  OF  EXTRAORDINARY  PAINTERS.    London,  1780, 

OOTAVIUS:   a  Dialogue  by  Marcus  Minucius  Felix.    Edinburgh,  1781, 

12mo. 
MOCNTMORRES  (LORD)  ON  THE  DANGER  OF  THK  POLITICAL  BALANCE  OF 

EUROPH.    Dublin,  1790, 12mo. 

VlLLANOKVA   (D«.   D.   JoAQUIN  LORENZO),   PoiSIA»  EXCOOIDAS. 

1833.    12mo. 

Wanted  by  Rev.  B.  If.  Blacker,  Rokeby,  Blackrock,  Dublin. 


CHANDLER'S  HYMNS  OF  THB  PRIMITIVE  CHURCH. 

Wanted  by  J.  Masters  $  Sons,  78,  New  Bond  Street. 


RITTBR.  The  line  "From  grave  to  gay,"  #c.,  is  from  Pope's  Essay  on 
Man. 

W.  E.  B.  is  thanked ;  but  the  certificate  of  Bridge  t  Cromwell's  Marriage , 
published  in  The  Times,  is  printed  by  Noble  and  Carlyle,  and  probably 
by  others. 

T.  H.  G.  The  reprint  of  The  Gull's  Horn-Book  was  published  by  W. 
McMuUen,  10,  Halton  Street,  Islington,  N. 

ERRATA.— 3rd S.  v.  p.  310,  col.  ii.  line  I,  for  "  Besson  "  read  "  Bessin;" 
line  24  omit  "earl." 

***  Cases  for  binding  the  volumes  p/""N.  &  Q."  may  be  had  of  the 
Publisher,  and  of  all  Booksellers  and  Newsmen. 

"NOTKS  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  aUo 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publisher  (including  the  Ilalf- 
'  INDBX)  is  11s.  id.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order, 

:yable  at  the  Strand  Post  Office,  in  favour  of  WILLIAM  G.  SMITH,  32, 
WELLINGTON  STRKBT,  STRAND,  W.C.,  to  whom  all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOB 
THE  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 

"NOTES  &  QUBRIES"  is  registered  for  transmission  abroad. 


3rd  S.V.  APRIL  23, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


THE  FAMOUS  FIRST  FOLIO  (1623) 
SHAKESPEARE. 


IN 


FAC-SIMILE,    BY    PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHY. 

Under  the  Supervision  of  HOWARD    STAUNTON. 


Thia  extraordinary  and  infallible  reproduction  of  the  First  Folio 
Shakespeare  may  be  considered  more  perfect  than  any  one  of  the  most 
complete  and  almost  priceless  original  copies  in  existence.  This  excel- 
lence and  accuracy  have  been  achieved  through  the  facilities  that  have 
been  enjoyed  of  making  the  Photo- Lithographs  from  three  of  the  finest 
known  copies  of  the  work;  and  thus,  if  a  weak  or  imperfect  page  ap- 
peared in  one,  and  the  same  page  was  found  in  a  more  perfect  state  in 
another  of  the  copies,  it  was  worked  from  in  preference.  Thus,  by  the 
regenerative  process  of  Photo-Lithpgraphy,  the  First  Folio  itself,  as 
near  as  may  be,  is  put  within  the  reach  of  all  classes,  and  commands  a 
wide  support  in  acknowledgment  of  the  enterprise  that  has  turned  into 
such  a  current  this  new  and  invaluable  art. 


PRESS  NOTICES. 

"The  first  specimen  of  their  photo- lithographic  fac-simile  which 
Messrs.  Day  and  Son  have  just  turned  out,  under  the  care  of  Mr. 
Howard  Staunton,  will  be  regarded  by  Shakespearian  scholars  with 
unqualified  satisfaction.  It  is  not  the  original— that  is  all  which  can  be 
said  against  it — but  it  is,  we  believe,  as  near  the  original  as  it  is  possible 
for  any  fac-simile  to  be  .  .  .  In  so  far  as  we  have  seen,  it  is  a  miracle 
of  accuracy  that  will  rejoice  the  hearts  of  all  true  Shakespearians  .  .  . 
The  fac-simile  of  these  61  pages  cannot  but  suprise  any  one  who  looks 
into  it;  and  what  a  treasure  it  is  may  be  estimated  from  the  fact  that  a 
copy  of  the  original  folio  nas  sold  for  250J."—  Times. 

"But  the  grand  condition  of  a  certain  text— a  trusty  worthy  reproduc- 
tion of  the  original— is  here  obtained.  All  other  things  are  of  lesser 
importance.  A  critic  can  use  this  work  with  undoubting  faith  in  its  li- 
terary accuracy,  untroubled  by  his  recollection  of  the  360  blunders  which 
were  found  by  Upcott  in  the  reprint  of  1807.  The  reproduction  is  not 
made  from  a  single  copy,  but.frpm  the  best  pages  of  the  two  best  copies  of 
the  folio  known — the  one  in  Bridgewater  House,  the  other  in  the  British 
Museum.  So  far,  we  can  warmly  congratulate  MR.  btaunton  and 
Messrs.  Day  &  Son  on  their  success.  —Athenaeum. 


Terms  oftiie  Replication  of  the  First  Folio, 

The  Work,  which  will  consist  of  about  960  folio  pages,  will  be  printed 
on  superfine  toned  paper,  and  be  appropriately  bound.  Price  8f.  8s. 

Subscribers'  Names  should  be  forwarded  to  the  Publisher  iu  the  sub-r 
joined  form:— 

To  MESSRS.  DAY  &  SON,— Place  my  Name  on  your  List  of  Sub- 
scribers to  the  Photo-Lithographic  Fac-Simile  of  the  FIRST  FOLIO  EDI- 
TION OF  SHAKKSPBAHE'S  DRAMATIC  WORKS,  which  you  are  about  to 
issue,  under  the  immediate  superintendence  of  M».  H.  STAUNTON,  in 
one  volume  complete,  price  8f.  8s. 


Name- 


-Addres 


London:  DAY*  SON,  Lithographers  to  the  Queen,  6,  Gate  Street,  W.C 

SHAKESPEARE'S  WILL; 

WITH 

THE  DEEDS  OF  PURCHASE,  AND  MORTGAGE 
OF  HIS  LONDON  HOUSE. 


Permission  having  been  obtained  from  the  proper  authorities  to  pho- 
tograph these  interesting  documents,  which  contain  the  only  authentic 
examples  of  Shakespeare's  hand-writing,  Messrs.  DAY  &  SON  have  the 
pleasure  to  announce  the  publication  of  them  by  the  admirable  process  of 
Photo-Lithography.  rio  add  to  the  interest  of  these  Shakespearian 
relics  they  will  be  accompanied  by  explanatory  letter-press,  and  a 
printed  version  of  each:  the  volume  will  also  contain  both  the  Droe- 
•hout  and  Chandos  Portraits  beautifully  reproduced  in  Photo-Litho- 
duced  under  the  personal  supervision  of  MR. 
ut  and  appropriate  dc- 


London:  DAY  &  SON, Lithographers  to  the  Queen,  6,  Gate  Street,  W.C- 

SHAKESPEARE   PORTRAITS. 


v>?^e  famous  "  Droeshout  "  and  "  Chandos  "  Portraits  reproduced  in 
Biography  and  in  Photo-Lithography,  from  the  originals  in  the  pos- 

-mere-    *'"*  °f  ***h'  ^  F^^^  *>*  in 


i>aLhen       DA/T>*  SON,  through.  the  London  Stereoscope  Com- 
lessPortralw  *fcsent  Street,  their  sole  Agents  for  these  match- 


EARL  STANHOPE'S  LIFE  OF  PITT. 


Now  ready,  2nd  Edition,  Portraits,  4  Vols.  post  8vo,  42«. 

E    LIFE    of  the   RIGHT    HON.   WILLIAM 

_     PITT,  with  Extracts  from  his  MS.  Papers.    By  EARL  STAN- 
HOPE* 

Works  by  the  same  Author, 

A  HISTORY  OF  ENGLAND,  from  the  PEACE 

3  PCE  °f  VERSAILLES' 


A  POPULAR  EDITION  OF  THE  HISTORY 

OF  ENGLAND,  1713-83.    7  Vols.    Post  8vo.    5*.  each. 

SPAIN   UNDER   CHARLES  THE   SECOND. 

PostSvo.    6*.6cZ. 

LIFE  OF  BELISARIUS.     Post  8vo.     10*.  6<f. 
LIFE  OF  CONDE.     Post  8vo.    3*.  6d 
HISTORY    OF    BRITISH    INDIA,    from    its 

ORIGIN  till  the  PEACE  of  1783.    Post  8vo.    3«.  6d. 

«  FORTY-FIVE  ;"  a  Narrative  of  the  Rebellion 

in  Scotland.    PostSvo.    3a. 

HISTORICAL     AND    CRITICAL    ESSAYS. 

PostSvo.    3*.  6d. 

MISCELLANIES.     Post  8vo.    5*.  Gd. 

JOHN  MURRA.Y,  Albemarle  Street. 


LIBRARY    EDITION   OF    CHALMERS'S 
SHAKSPEARE. 

In  8  vols.  8vo,  with  Portrait,  price  21. 16s. 

THE  PLAYS  OF  WILLIAM  SHAKSPEARE, 

Printed  from  the  Text  of  the  Corrected  Copies  left  by  Steevens 
and  Malone,  and  since  carefully  Examined  and  Kevised. 

With  a  Selection  of 
EXPLANATORY  AND  HISTORICAL  NOTES. 

from  the  most  eminent  Commentators ; 
A  HISTORY  OF  THE  STAGE,  and  A  LIFE  OF  SHAKSPEARE. 

By  ALEXANDER  CHALMERS,  F.S.A. 

Also,  an  Edition  of  the  PLAYS,  in  1  Vol.,  price  10*.  Gd. 

London:  Published  by  RIVINGTONS,  and  the  other  Proprietors. 

In  a  few  Days,  price  15*. 

OHAKESPEARE'S  CORIOLANUS.     Edited  by 

kj  F.  A.  LEO.  With  Fac-simile  of  the  Tragedy  of  "  Coriolanus  " 
from  the  Folio  of  1623,  Photo-lithographed  ;  and  Extracts  from  North's 
Plutarch. 

J.  RUSSELL  SMITH,  36,  Soho  Square,  London. 


This  Day  in  8vo,  price  6d. 

OHAKESPEARIANA:  a    Catalogue  of   600 

k3  Volumes,  illustrating  Shakespeare's  Life  and  Writings,  on  Sale, 
being  the  largest  and  most  curious  collection  ever  oflereu  to  the  public. 

CHAKESPEARIANA  :  Notices  illustrative  of  the 

O  Drama  and  other  Popular  Amusements,  chiefly  in  the  16th  and 
17th  Centuries,  extracted  from  the  Chamberlains'  Accounts  and  other 
MSS.  of  the  Borough  of  Leicester  ;  with  an  Introduction  and  Notes  by 
WILLIAM  KELLY.  [/„  the  Press. 

J.  RUSSELL  SMITH,  36,  Soho  Square,  London. 


Just  published,  price  Is. 

OHAKSPEARE.     By  THOMAS  DE  QUINCEY, 


O 


"  The  English  Opium-Eater." 
Edinburgh:  ADAM  &  CHARLES  BLACK. 


TERCENTENARY  COMMEMORATION  OF  THE  BIRTH  OF 
SHAKSPEARE. 

THE  SHAKSPEARE  VOCAL  ALBUM.  — This 
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C.  LONSDALE,  26,  Old  Bond  Street,  London,  where  may  be  had  all 

the  bhakepearian  Music,  Portraits,  &c.,  published. 

CATALOGUES  GRATIS. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  V.  APRIL  23,  '64. 


Now  ready,  price  5s.  sewed,  5s.  6d.  cloth  boards, 

NOTES  AND    QUEBIES 

GENERAL    INDEX    TO   SECOND    SERIES. 

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subject  comes  amiss.  ...  It  is  a  book  which  will  be  found  most 
useful  to  those  who  possess  Notes  and  Queries,  and  indispensable  to  the 
searchers  after  the  "  curiosities  of  literature."— Times,  8th  Nov.  1862. 


INDEX    TO    FIRST    SERIES. 

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Library  of  an  Eminent  Historian  and  Reviewer— Shakspeare's  Works 
1623,  the  largest  Copy  yet  offered  for  Sale— Several  Mahogany  aiid 
other  Bookcases,  &c. 

TVTESSRS.  PUTTICK  &  SIMPSON  will  SELL  hy 

IfJL  AUCTION,  at  their  House,  47,  Leicester  Square,  on  TUESDAY, 
April  26,  and  following  Days,  a  large  and  valuable  Collection  of 
BOOKS,  including  the  Library  of  an  eminent  Historian  and  Reviewer- 
comprising  Standard  Works  in  all  Classes  of  Literature,  English  and 
Foreign ;  Shakespeare,  the  rare  First  Folio  Edition,  1623,  a  copy  of 
matchless  size  but  imperfect ;  also,  the  Second  Edition,  1632:  Wilkins's 
Concilia,  4  vols.;  Rymer,  Foedera,  20  vols.;  Kopp,  Paleographia  Cri- 
tica,  4  vols.;  Brown,  Fasciculus  Rerum,  2  vols.;  Annals  of  Ireland,  by 
the  Four  Masters,  7  vols. ;  Billings'  Antiquities  of  Scotland,  2  vols.- 
the  Histories  of  Lingard,  Alison,  Hume,  Robertson,  &c. ;  Chalmers's 
Biographical  Dictionary,  32  vols.;  Knight's  Pictorial  England,  8  vols.; 
and  seven  Copie*  of  the  Pictorial  Shakspere,  8  vols. ;  a  Collection  of 
Works  illustrated  by  the  Messrs.  Bewick,  including  an  uncut  royal 
paper  Copy  of  the  British  Birds,  2  vols.  and  an  unique  bookplate  ;  some 
interesting  Manuscripts  ;  a  Volume  of  Original  Letters  and  Orders  of 
Admiral  Lord  Nelson  ;  Publications  of  the  Hakluyt,  Camden,  and 
Shakspeare  Societies,  and  of  the  Abbotsford,  Bannatyne,  Maitland, 
and  Spalding  Clubs  ;  several  convenient,  small-sized  Bookcases  ;  Three 
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ings, &c. 

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Packets,  8d. 
GUARANTEED  PERFECTLY  PURE, 

is  a  favourite 
DIET  FOR  CHILDREN, 

and  much  approved 
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"THE    ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERRINS. 

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should  see  that  LEA  &  PERRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 
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ADO  SISB  LAME,  CITY  (NEAR  MANSION  HOUSE). 

(Established  1735.) 


nHUBB'S    LOCKS    and  FIREPROOF  SAFES, 

\J  with  all  the  newest  improvements.    Street-door  Latches,  Cash  and 
Deed  Boxes.    Full  illustrated  price  lists  sent  free. 

CHUBB  &  SON,  57,  St.  Paul's  Churchyard,  London;  27,  Lord  Street, 
Liverpool;  16,  Market  Street,  Manchester;  and  Horseley  Fields, 
Wolverhampton. 

Sold  by  Grocers  and  Confectioners. 

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in  Sticks,  and  Drops. 

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STARCH  MANUFACTURERS 
TO  H.R.H.  THE  PRINCESS  OF  WALES. 

GLENFIELD     PATENT    STARCH, 
Used  in  the  Royal  Laundry. 
And  awarded  the  Prize  Medal,  1862. 
Sold  by  all  Grocers, Chandlers,  &c.t  &c. 


3«i  S.  V.  APRIL  23,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

WESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

AWD  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURANCE 


f  T      AND  METl*w»  v""  «• 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 


CHAM  OFFICM  :  S,  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 
77iKING  STKEET,  MANCHESTER. 


H.E.Bicknell.Esq 
T.SomersCockB,E< 
Geo.  H.  Drew,  Esq. 
John  Fisher,  Es 


W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.  Goodhart.Esq.,  J.P. 

jr.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,M.P 

peter  Hood,  Esq 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  R.  E.  Howard,  D.C.L. 
.A..J.P.      James  Hunt,  Esq. 
A.  John  Leigh,  Esq. 

Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.B.  Mareon,  Esq. 
E.  VansittartNeale,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Bonamy  Price,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Jas.  Lys  Seager.Esq. 
Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 
John  B.  White,  Esq. 


Henry  Wilhraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
A  ctva.ru  __  Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A.  . 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
t°rest,  according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society's  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Kates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.   Persons  entering 


within  tne  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 
MBDICAL  ME 


EN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for.  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHARGE  MADR  FOR  POLICT  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
t  o  old  li  vea  ,  are  liberal.  _ 

Now  ready,  price  14*. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN.  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 


O  S  T   B    O       £  I  D  O  Iff. 

Patent,  March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

pABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH   and 

\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE  OLD   ESTABLISHED  DEKTISTS, 

27,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London; 
134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 

Consultations  gratis.  For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinion*  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth."  Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 


TVfR.    HOWARD,    SURGEON-DENTIST,    52, 

1T1     FLEET-STREET,  has  introduced    an   ENTIRELY   NEW 

DESCRIPTION  of  ARTIFICIAL  TEETH,  fixed  without  springs, 

wires,  or  ligatures.    They  so  perfectly  resemble  the  natural  teeth  as 

not  to  be  distinguished  from  the  originals  by  the  closest  observer  ;  they 

will  never  change  colour  or  decay,  and  will  be  found  superior  to  any 

eth  e-'er  before  used.    This  method  does  not  require  the  extraction  of 

roots,  or  any  painful  operation,  and  will  support  and  preserve  teeth 

lat  are  loose,  and  is  guaranteed  to  restore  articulation  and  mastica- 

°PPed  "^  rendered  sound  and  useful  "*  mas" 


PIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

IT  MAGNOLIA,  WHITE  ROSE,  FRANGIPANNI.  GERA- 
NIUM, PA  ICHOULY.  EVER-SWEET,  WEW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1,000  others.  2s.  6d.  each.-?.  New  Bond  Street.  London. 


MOLLOW  AY'S  PILLS.—  ENFEEBLED  EXISTENCE, 
This  medicine  embraces  every  attribute  required  in  a  general  and 
estic  remedy:  it  overturns  the  foundations  of  disease  laid  by  defec- 
tive food  and  impure  air.    In  obstructions  or  congestions  of  the  liver, 
ss,  bowels,  or  any  other  organ,  these  Pills  are  especially  serviceable 
il  eminently  successful.    They  should  be  kept  in  readiness  in  every 
mily  ,  as  they  are  a  medicine  wi.hout  a  fault  for  young  persons  and 
those  of  feeble  constitutions.   They  never  cause     ain  or  irritate  the 


lost  sensitive 


i  ves  or  most  tender  bowels.    Holloway's  Pills  are  the 
tnown  purifiers  ot  the  flood,  the  best  promoters  of  absorption  and 
£«?23?A.T.Lci_Emove  a11  Poisonous  and  obnoxious  particles  from 


NORTH   BRITISH    AND    MERCANTILE 
INSURANCE   COMPANY. 

Established  1809. 

FIRE  AND  LITE  INSURANCE  BUSINESS  of  every  description 
transacted  at  moderate  rates. 

The  usual  Commission  allowed  on  Ship  and  Foreign  Insurances. 
.  Insurers  in  this  Company  will  receive  the  full  benefit  of  any  reduc- 
tion in  Duty. 

SS88S  income  -'         I         I         I         5!ffl»S8 
Accumulated  Funds  -  £9,933,997 

LONDON-HEAD  OFFICES,  58,  Threadneedle  Street  E  C. 
WEST  END  OFFICE        - 


DEBENTURES   at  5,  5£,   and  6   PER  CENT., 
CEYLON  COMPANY,  LIMITED.  Subscribed  Capital,  *350,000. 

DIRECTORS. 

Lawford  Acland,  Esq.,  Chairman.  I    Duncan  James  Kay,  Esq. 
Major-General     Henry    Pelham       Stephen  P.  Kennard,  Esq. 
Burn.  I    Patrick  F.  Robertson,  Esq. 

Harry  George  Gordon,  Esq.  Robert  Smith,  Esq. 

George  Ireland,  Esq.  |    Sir  S.  Viliiers  Surtees. 

MANAGER—  C.  J.  Braine,  Esq. 

The  Directors  are  prepared  to  issue  Debentures  for  one,  three,  and 
five  years,  at  5,  5J,  and  6  per  cent,  respectively.  They  are  also  prepared 
to  invest  money  ormortgaee  in  Ceylon  and  Mauritius,  either  with  or 
without  the  Guarantee  of  the  Company,  as  may  be  arranged. 

Applications  for  particulars  to  be  made  at  the  Office  of  the  Company, 
No.  12,  Leadenhall  btreet,  London,  E.C. 

By  Order,  JOHN  ANDERSON,  Secretary. 


HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:  — 
Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24s. 
per  dozen. 

White  Bordeaux 24s.  and  30s.  per  doz. 

Good  Hock 30s.    „     36s.        „ 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne 36s.,  4Vs.    „     48s. 

Good  Dinner  Sherry 24s.    „    £0s. 

Port 24s.,30s.    „     36s. 

They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  atock 
of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120s.  perdoz. 

Vintage  1834 ,   108s. 

Vintage  1840 ,     84s. 

Vintage  1847 „     72s. 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry,  36s., 42s. 
48s.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s.,  42s.,  48s. ,60s.,  72s.,  84s.;  Hochhei- 
mer,  Marcobrunner,  Rudesheimer,  Steinberg,  Leibfraumilch,  60s.; 
Johannesberger  and  Steinberger,  72s.,  Sis.,  to  120s.;  Braunberger,  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48s.  to  84s.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48s.,  60s.,  66s.. 
78s.;  very  choice  Champagne,  66s.  78s.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Lachrymse  Christi,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  doz. ; 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 
(Originally  established  A.O.  1667.) 


E 


AU-DE- VIE.— This  pure  PALE  BRANDY,  18*. 

j^f  per  gallon,  is  peculiarly  free  from  acidity,  and  very  superior  to 
recent  importations  of  Cognac.  In  French  bottles,  38s.  perdoz.;  or  in 
a  case  for  the  country,  39s.,  railway  carriage  paid.  No  agents,  and  to 
be  obtained  only  of  HENRY  BRETT  &  CO.,  Old  FurnivaT's  Distillery, 
Holborn.E.C.,  and  30,  Regent  fctreet,  Waterloo  Place,  S.W.,  London, 
Prices  Current  free  on  application. 

THE  PRETTIEST  GIFT  for  a  LADY  is  one  of 
JONES'S  GOLD  LEVERS,  at  \\l.  11s.    For  a  GENTLEMAN, 
one  at  10Z.  10s.    Rewarded  at  the  International  Exhibition  for  "  Cheap- 
ness of  Production." 

Manufactory,  338,  Strand,  opposite  Somerset  House. 

Dinneford's  Pure  Fluid  Magnesia 

Has  been,  during  twenty-five  years,  emphatically  sanctioned  by  the 
Medical  Profession,  and  universally  accepted  by  the  Public,  as  the 
Best  Remedy  for  Acidity  of  the  Stomach, Heartburn,  Headache,  Gout, 
ana  Indigestion,  and  as  a  Mild  Aperient  for  delicate  constitutions,  more 
especially  for  Ladies  and  Children.  When  combined  with  the  Acidu- 
lated Lemon  Syrup,  it  forms  an  AGREEABLE  EFFERVESCING  UKACOHT, 
in  which  its  Aperient  qualities  are  much  increased.  During  Hot 
Seasons,  and  in  Hot  Climates,  the  regular  use  of  this  simple  and  elegant 
remedy  has  been  found  highly  beneficial  It  is  prepared  (ir.  a  state 
of  pertect  purity  and  of  uniform  strength)  by  D1NMEFORD  &  CO., 
172,  New  Bond  Street.  London:  and  sold  by  all  respectable  Chemists 
throughout  the  World. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  APRIL  23,  '64. 


On  Wednesday,  June  1st,  1864,  will  be  commenced, '. 


THE    TEMPLE    ANECDOTES, 

BY  RALPH  &  CHANDOS  TEMPLE. 

WITH  ILLUSTRATIONS  BY  EMINENT  ARTISTS,  ENGRAVED  BY  THE 
BROTHERS  DALZIEL. 


"  Keep  unshak' 
That  temple,  thy  fair  mind." 

Shakspere. 


Mankind,  it  has  been  observed,  love  anecdotes.  The  conversation, 
whether  of  lettered  men  or  of  men  of  the  world,  is  made  up  of  them: 
the  books  which  most  delight  are  the  books  which  abound  in  them.  In 
long  narratives  of  History  and  Biography,  the  portions  best  remem- 
bered are  always  those  which  illustrate  some  point  of  character;  de- 
velope  in  action  some  new  truth;  or  record  some  discovery  or  invention 
in  a  brief  passage.  These  are  strictly  anecdotes,  and  thus,  by  a  sort  of 
winnowing  process,  the  minds  and  memories  of  readers,  where  the 
labour  is  not  already  performed  for  them,  may  be  said  to  reduce  all 
narratives  to  anecdotal  form. 

Forty  years  ago  the  Percy  Anecdotes  delighted  our  fathers,  forming 
one  of  the  earliest  and  most  successful  attempts  to  supply  good  popular 
literature,  at  a  price  which  till  then  had  been  rarely  associated  with  auy 
but  publications  of  an  exceptionable  character. 

Readers  have  not  only  multiplied  enormously  since  1820,  but  every 
reader  is  now  critical  to  an  extent  which  the  writers  of  that  day  little 
foresaw.  Forty  years  indeed  yield  but  a  faint  idea  of  the  world  s  pro- 
gress since  that  time.  Another  England  has  been  added  to  our  num- 
bers, and  the  moral  and  material  prosperity  of  all  is  considerably  higher. 
But  it  is  perhaps  only  by  taking  a  few  of  the  more  strikin;  points  of 
comparison,  that  an  adequate  idea  of  this  progress  can  be  attained. 

We  require  to  be  reminded  that  in  1820  the  streets,  even  of  the 
Metropolis  were  unlighted  with  gas,  and  practically  unguarded  by 
night ;  that  our  gigantic  Railway  System,  in  which  more  than  a 
thousand  millions  sterling  have  been  sunk,  had  not  then  turned  its  first 
sod,  or. built  its  earliest  arch  ;  that  Photography  was  unknown,  and 
Electric  Telegraphs  unimagined ;  that  only  Fifty  Millions  of  letters 
then  passed  in  one  year  through  our  Post  Office,  which  now  conveys  at 


least  Five  Hundred  Millions  in  the  same  space  of  time  ;  and  that  no 
Daily  Paper  was  then  published  at  a  lower  price  than  Eightpenee, 
while  even  an  Almanack  of  any  kind  could  not  be  purchased  for  less 
than  a  Shilling,  and  innumerable  appliances  and  arts,  less  striking  to 
the  imagination  than  some  we  have  mentioned,  though  now  no  less 
important  in  their  effects  upon  human  welfare,  were  still  unknown. 

THE  TEMPLE  ANECDOTES  will  be  a  shrine  in  which  Happy  Thoughts, 
Good  Words,  and  Noble  Deeds  shall  have  a  place.  The  aim  of  its 
Editors  will  be  not  only  to  be  worthy  of  these  later  and  better  times, 
but  also  in  some  measure  to  reflect  them.  Though  not  always  Biogra- 
phical, THE  TEMPLE  ANECDOTES  will  generally  connect  themselves  with 
one  of  the  names  to  which  we  are  indebted  for  this  progress  and  im- 
provement. Although  we  shall  not  always  confine  ourselves  to  the  last 
forty  years,  or  ;even  to  the  present  century,  our  view  will  generally  be 
to  illustrate  later  times  in  all  their  aspects  of  Literature,  Art,  and 
Science,  and  we  shall  therefore  rarely  carry  our  readers  a  hundred  years 
back. 

Seeking  always  to  e_ntertain  and  instruct,  we  shall  publish,  at  regular 
periods,  a  volume  which,  opened  at  any  page,  will  have  something  to 
attract,  whilst  it  leaves  in  the  mind  of  the  reader  one  or  more  of  those 
current  coins  of  knowledge  without  which  no  one  can  conveniently 
mingle  in  the  world.  Taken  as  a  whole, 

THE  TEMPLE  ANECDOTES, 

Ranging  over  nearly  every  department  of  Human  Knowledge,  will,  we 
hope,  form  a  sort  of  panoramic  view  of  the  History  of  English  Civiliza- 
tion, in  ita  latest  and  hitherto  most  important  period.; 


PLAN  OF  PUBLICATION. 

The  work  will  be  printed  in  a  convenient  size,  and  published  in  Monthly  Numbers,  price  Sixpence,  in  a  new 
and  beautiful  type,  on  fine  paper,  and  Illustrated  in  the  best  manner.  Every  Seven  Numbers  will  form  a  handsome 
Volume,  embellished  with  Fourteen  full-page  Plates  by  the  Brothers  Dalziel. 


CONTENTS   OF 

INVENTION  AND  DISCOVERY. 
HUMANITY  AND  BENEVOLENCE. 
ENTERPRISE  AND  ADVENTURE. 
INTEGRITY  AND  PATRIOTISM. 


THE  TEMPX.E  ANECDOTES." 

INDUSTRY  AND  THE  ARTS  OF  LIFE. 
GENIUS,  LITERATURE,  AND  THE  FINE  ARTS. 
HEROISM,  EXILE,  AND  CAPTIVITY. 
TRIAL  AND  PERSEVERANCE. 


The  Series  will  immediately  commence  with  the  Subjects  of  INVENTION  AND  DISCOVERY.    Part  I.  on 
the  1st  of  June,  price  Sixpence.    Each  Subject  will  be  completed  in  a  Single  Volume. 


GROOMBRIDGE  &  SONS,  Publishers,  5,  Paternoster  Row,  London. 


Printed  by  GEORGE  ANDREW  SPOTTISWOODE,  at  b  New-street  Square,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Bride,  in  the  County  of  Middlesex ; 
Published  by  WILLIAM  GREIG  SMITH,  of  32  Wellington  Street,  Strand,  in  the  said  County— Saturday,  April 23, 1864. 


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THE   QUARTERLY   REVIEW,    No.  CCXXX. 
is  published  THIS  DAY. 

CONTENTS : 

I.  PROSPECTS  OF  THE  CONFEDERATES. 
II.  POMPEII :  PAST  AND  PRESENT. 
III.  EMPIRE  OF  MEXICO. 
IV.  SIR  WILLIAM  NAPIER. 
V.  SHAKSPEARE  AND  HIS  SONNETS. 
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JOHN  MURRAY,  Albemarle  Street. 

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PHRONICLES  OF  THE  ANCIENT  BRITISH 

\J    CHURCH,  previous  to  the  Arrival  of  St.  Augustine,  A.  D.  596. 
Second  Edition.   PostSro.   Price  5s.  cloth. 

"The  study  of  our  early  ecclesiastical  history  has  by  some  been  con- 
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the  Ancient  British  Church,'  has  so  collected  the  material  from  the 
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3'd  s.  V.  APRIL  30,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


351 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  APRIL  30,  1864. 


CONTENTS. —No.  122. 

NOTES :  —  Sir  Walter  Raleigh  :  New  Particulars,  351  —  Don 
Jorge  D'Athequa,  O.  S.  Dom.,  Bishop  of  Llandaff,  352  — 
Folk  Lore  in  the  South-east  of  Ireland,  353  —  James  For- 
tescue,  D.D.,  354— Unpublished  Letter  of  Charles  Lamb 
—  The  Eastern  Ethiopians  —  Acrostic  —  An  Old  Tale  with 
a  New  Title  —  Curious  Passage  in  St.  Augustine,  354 

QUERIES :  —  Abraham*  Brook  —  Mrs.  Margaret  Bryan  — 
Danish  Coin  —  Joseph  Downes  —  Dummerer  —  Homing  of 
Worcester  —  Thomas  Hopkirk  —  Language  used  in  the 
Courts  of  the  Roman  Procurator  in  Palestine,  &c.  —  "  The 
Literary  Magnet,"  1824  —  Marrow  Bones  and  Cleavers  — 
The  Molly  Wash-dish  —  The  Christian  Name,  Murtha  — 
Rev.  W.  Nicols  —  Preaching  Ministers  suspended  —  Ques- 
tion of  Population  — Episcopal  Seal  —  Story,  Norfolk  — 
Tamar,  in  Devonshire  —  Zapata :  Spain,  355. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS  :  —  The  Pitt  Diamond  —  "  Tony's 
Address  to  Mary  "  —  Fardel  of  Land  —  Cribbage — Barley, 
357. 

REPLIES:"— The  Tinclarian  Doctor,  359  —  Publication  of 
Diaries,  361  —  Pre-Death  Coffins  and  Monuments,  363  — 
Judicial  Committee  of  Privy  Council  —  Consonants  in 
Welsh  — Comet  of  1531  — King  Charles  II.'s  illegitimate 
Children  —  Swallows  —  Enigma  —  "  Aurea  vincenti,"  &c.  — 
Stum  Rod— Font  at  Chelmorton  —  Posterity  of  Charle- 
magne—Hymns  by  John  Hoy —  Thomas  More  Molyneux 
—Royal  Cadency  —  De  Foe  and  Dr.  Livingstone  —A  Bull  of 
Burke's  —  Jeremiah  Horrocks  —  Rev.  David  Larnont  — 
Original  Unpublished  Letter  of  the  Father  of  the  Author 
of  "The  Grave  "  —  Seneca's  Prophecy  — Erroneous  Monu- 
mental Inscriptions  in  Bristol  —  Archbishop  Hamilton  — 
"  The  Church  of  our  Fathers,"  &c.,  364. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


SIR  WALTER  RALEIGH.    NEW  PARTICULARS.* 

I  apprehend  that  the  following  facts  and  docu- 
ments are  new  in  connexion  with  the  biography 
of  Raleigh :  they  begin  at  an  early  period  of  his 
history ;  but  before  I  quote  them  I  wish  to  ob- 
serve that,  from  information  now  lying  before  me, 
it  seems  not  unlikely  that  George  Gascoigne,  the 
soldier-poet,  was  the  person  who  induced  Raleigh, 
very  soon   after  1576,  to  change  his  profession 
from  the  law,  for  which  he  was  originally  des- 
tined, to  the  army,  in  which  he  so  much  distin- 
guished himself.  The  two  were  certainly  intimate, 
1  in  1576  Raleigh  prefixed  some  stanzas,  to 
which  justice  has  scarcely  been   done,  to   Gas- 
coigne's  blank  verse  satire  The  Steel  Glass,  which 
e  headed,  as  nearly  every  body  is  aware,  in  the 
following  words  :  ««  Walter  Raleigh  of  the  Middle 
lemple,  in  commendation  of  the  Steel  Glass."     I 
lo  not  mean  here  to  enter  into  any  inquiry  upon 
the  question,  but  we  know  that  Gascoigne,  who 
had  been  himself  educated  for  the  law,  and  was  a 
member  of  Gray's  Inn,  had  become  a  soldier  in 
73,  and  engaged  in  the  service  of  the  Prince  of 
Jrange:  so  Raleigh,  having  taken  up  his  resi- 
•e  in  the  Middle  Temple  before  1576,  became 
!f  under  Arthur  Lord  Grey  of  Wilton,  to 
Spenser  was  secretary.     The  first  of  the 

[*  Continued  from  3vd  S.  v.  207.] 


ensuing  papers  refers  to  Raleigh's  intended  ser- 
vice in  Ireland ;  and  according  to  it,  he  and  Ed- 
ward Denny,  the  cousin  of  the  Lord-Deputy,  had 
warrants  for  a  then  considerable  sum,  to  be  applied 
to  the  raising  of  recruits  :  — 
"13  July,  1580.  To  Edward  Deny— Cu  and^ 

unto    Walter  Rawley—  C"  having  the(rrii,, 
chardge  of  the  twoo  hundreth  souldiers  f 
sent  from  London  into  Ireland,  in  presto ) 

[The  date  of  the  next  document  is  doubtful,  but  per- 
ips  anterior  to  the  above ;  nor  can  we  state  for  wttttt 
purpose  the  fine  was  levied  or  paid.] 

"Here  ensueth  the  names  and  summes  of  the  fines 
severallie  charged  uppon  such  as  are,  by  order  of  the  most 
honorabell  Lordes  of  the  Councell,  appointed  to  paie  the 
same  — 

Walter  Raleigh      ....    iij"  hath  paid 
William  Bawdin    ....    if11  x"  hath  paide 
John  Penwarren    ....    ip  hath  paide." 

[The  following  fixes  the  date,  hitherto  not  settled,  of 
Raleigh's  return  from  Ireland,  but  it  was  probably  only 
temporary :  it  is  one  item  out  of  a  longer  enumeration  of 
payments.] 

"  29  Dec.  1581.  Item,  paid  to  Walter  Rawley,  gent., 
upon  a  Warrant  signed  by  M.  Secretorie  Walsingham, 
dated  att  Whitehall  xxix°  decembr.  1581,  for  bringinge 
Letters  in  poste  for  her  Majesties  affairs  from  Corke  in 
Ireland,  the  some  of xx11." 

[Thus  we  see  in  what  way  Raleigh  may  have  obtained 
an  introduction  to  Elizabeth  without  supposing,  with 
Fuller,  that  he  owed  it  to  an  act  of  gallantry  in  spread- 
ing his  cloak  to  receive  the  footsteps  of  the  queen.] 

"  These  whose  names  are  here  written  which  adven- 
tured with  Sir  Humfrey  Gilbert  in  his  First  Voiadge,  in 
mony  or  commodities,  not  inhabiting  within  the  towne 
of  Southampton  aforesaid,  shall  in  like  sort  be  free  of  trade 
and  traffick  as  aforesaid. 

The  Lord  North. 

Mr  Edmonds  of  the  privie  chamber. 

Sr  Mathew  Arrundell. 

Sr  Edward  Horsey. 

Sr  William  Morgan. 

Sr  John  Gilbert. 

Sr  George  Peckham. 

Charles  Arrundell,  Esq. 

Mr  Mark  William,  Esq. 

Mr  Walter  Rawley,  Esq. 

Mr  Carrowe  Rawley,  Esq. 

Adrian  Gilbert,  Esq. 
•  William  Weymouth,  merchant,"  &c. 
[The  list  comprises  various  other  names,  but  none  of 
them  of  note;  and  I  omitted  to  make  a  memorandum  as 
to  the  source  of  this  information.] 

Letter  addressed  "  To  the  right  Honorable  S1 
Francis  Walsingham,  Knight,  Principall  Secre- 
tarye  to  her  Matie."  Indorsed  "  1582,  7  Feb.  Sr 
H.  Gilbert,  that  he  may  be  suffred  to  continue  his 
voyage : " — 

"  Right  honorable.  Whereas  it  hath  pleased  your 
honor  to  let  mee  understande  that  her  matlc,  of  her  espe- 
ciall  care  had  of  my  well  doinge  and  prosperous  successe, 
hath  wished  my  stay  att  home  from  the  personall  execu- 
tion of  my  intended  discovery,  as  a  man  noted  of  noe 
good  happ  by  sea :  for  the  which  I  acknowledge  my  selfe 
so  much  bounde  unto  her  matic,  as  I 'know  not  how  to  de- 
serve the  leaste  part  thereof,  otherwise  than  with  my 


352 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3l'd  S.  V.  APRIL  30,  '64. 


continual!  prayer,  and  most  faythfull  and  forward  service 
during  lyfe. 

"  And  now  to  excuse  my  selfe  and  satisfye  your  honor 
touching  the  objections  made  of  my  staye,  it  may  please 
you  to  bee  advertised,  that  in  my  first  enterprise  I  re- 
torned  with  great  losse,  because  I  would  not  my  selfe,  nor 
suffer  any  of  my  companye  to  doe  any  thinge  contrary  to 
my  worde  given  to  her  matie  and  your  selfe :  for,  yf  I  had 
not  farr  preferred  my  credit  before  my  gayne,  I  needed 
not  to  have  retorned  so  poore  as  then  I  did. 

"  And  touching  this  my  last  stay  at  Hampton,  it  hath 
preceded  by  Southwest  wyndes  of  God's  making  and 
sending,  and'therfore  not  my  faulte  or  negligence :  but  yf 
I  wear  giltye  of  delaye,  the  principall  charge  is  my  owne, 
and  noe  losse  to  any  other ;  for  my  adventures,  as  I  had 
them  for  the  most  parte  in  wares,  so  I  have  them  still 
without  any  losse  to  anye  of  them.  And  in  truthe  the 
outrage  of  this  winter  hath  ben  a  common  hyndrance  to 
all  men  of  this  realme  southwarde  bounde.  Yea,  and  the 
wyndes  so  contrary e  that  it  hath  droven  shippes  from  the 
yles  of  the  Asores  uppon  this  coste  without  spreading 
any  sayle  at  all ;  a  thinge,  I  thinke,  never  harde  of  be- 
fore. And  the  Kinge  of  Portingale,  beeing  at  the  Tercera, 
coulde  not  in  all  this  tyme  recover  the  Maderaes.  How 
farr  impossible  then  had  it  ben  for  mee  to  have  performed 
my  jorney  this  winter,  your  honor  can  judge,  dwelling  so 
farr  to  the  northwardes  of  the  place  intended  to  be  dis- 
covered. 

"And  seeing  the  Queenes  matie  is  to  have  a  fyfthe  of 
all  the  golde  and  sylver  ther  to  bee  gotten,  without  any 
charge  to  her  matie,  I  trust  her  hyghnes,  of  her  accustomed 
favor,  will  not  denye  mee  libertye  to  execute  that  which 
resteth  in  hope  so  profitable  to  her  matie  and  crowne. 

"  The  great  desyre  I  have  to  performe  the  same  hath 
cost  mee,  first  and  last,  the  selling  and  spending  of  a  thou- 
sand marke  land  a  yere  of  my  owne  getting,  besydes  the 
scorne  of  the  worlde  for  conceaving  so  well  of  a  matter 
that  others  held  so  ridiculous,  although  now  by  my  meanes 
better  thought  of. 

"  Yff  the  dowbte  bee  my  wante  of  skill  to  execute  the 
same,  I  will  offer  my  selfe  to  bee  apposed  by  all  the  best 
navigators  and  cosmographers  within  this  realme.  Yff 
it  bee  cowardlines,  I  seeke  no  other  purgation  therof 
then  my  former  service  don  to  her  matie.  Yf  it  bee  the 
suspition  of  dayntines  of  dyett  or  sea  sicknes,  in  those 
both  I  will  yield  my  selfe  "second  to  noe  man  lyving, 
because  that  comparison  is  rather  of  hardines  of  bodye 
then  a  boste  of  vertue.  But  how  little  accounte  so  ever 
is  made  ether  of  the  matter  or  of  mee,  I  truste  her  matic, 
with  her  favor  for  my  xxviij  yeares  service,  will  allowe 
mee  to  gett  my  livynge  as  well  as  I  may  honestly  (which 
is  every  subjectes  righte),  and  not  constrayne  mee  by  my 
idle  aboade  at  home  to  begg  my  bredd  with  my  wife  ami 
children ;  especially  seeing  I  have  her  matics  graunt  and 
ly cense  under  the  great  seale  of  Englande  for  my  depar- 
ture, withoute  the  which  I  would  not  have  spent  a  penny 
in  this  action,  wherin  I  am  moste  bounde  to  her  matie  for 
her  great  favor,  which  of  all  thinges  I  most  desyre ;  and 
take  comfort  in  protesting,  that  noe  man  lyving  shall 
serve  her  matie  more  faythfully  and  dutifully  during  my 
life  with  all  the  good  fortune  that  God  shall  bestowe  on 
mee. 

"  And  thus,  I  truste,  I  have  satisfyed  your  honor  of  all 
my  intents  and  proceedings,  leaving  your  honor  to  the 
tuition  of  the  Almightye.  From  my  howse  in  Eedcrosse 
streat,  the  7*  of  February,  1582. 

"  Your  honors  most  humble, 

"  H.  GILBERT." 

[Feb.  7,  1582,  was  in  fact  1583,  as  the  year  was  then 
calculated.  Sir  Humphrey  Gilbert  not  long  afterwards 
sailed  to  Newfoundland ;  and  on  his  return  his  "  no  good 


hap  by  sea  "  pursued  him,  and  he  was  lost  with  a  book 
in  his  hand,  and  exclaiming  to  his  crew,  "  Courage,  my 
lads !  We  are  as  near  heaven  at  sea  as  on  land."  The 
above  letter  is  of  the  highest  interest.] 

Letter  addressed  "  To  the  right  honourable  my 
verie  good  L.  the  lorde  Threr  of  England."  In- 
dorsed by  Lord  Burghley  "17  Junij,  1584,  Sec. 
Walsyngham.  Lands,  Arden  Somervile.  Throg. 
L.  Pagett.  Charles  Pagett : "  — 
"  My  very  good  L. 

"  Yesterdaye  I  shewed  her  Matie  the  note  of  the  landea 
growing  by  the  attainders  of  Arden  and  Sommervvll, 
whoe  at  that  tyme  wylled  me  to  praye  your  L.  that  the 
lyke  note  might  be  sent  unto  her  of  the  landes  of  the  L. 
Paget,  Charles  Arundells,  and  Mr  Charles  Pagettes,  as 
also  soche  landes  as  ar  geven  unto  her  by  the  attaynder 
of  Fra.  Throgmorton. 

"  Yesterdaye  I  moved  her  Ma*ye  for  the  release  of  the 
marchantes  adventurers'  shyppes,  which  by  no  meanes 
she  will  assent  unto,  otherwyse  then  by  compounding 
with  Mr.  Rauley :  when  I  shewed  her  the  great  incon- 
veniences lyke  to  insue  thereby,  her  Ma*?0  dyd  in  a  sorte 
charge  me  as  an  incorager  of  the  marchantes  to  stande  in 
the  matter  whereof  I  sought,  as  I  had  just  cause  to  cleere 
my  selfe  and  herein  dyd  grevously  offende  her. 

"  I  finde  by  her  she  is  detennyned  to  over  throwghe 
that  companye  and  to  rayse  up  the  staplers,  as  also  to 
restore  them  of  the  stylyard  to  their  former  lybertyes.  I 
am  sorrye  to  thinke  of  the  dayngerous  inconveniences 
lykely  to  insue  by  thes  straynge  courses,  but  I  see  no 
hope  of  redresse.  God  dyrect  her  Ma^6'  harte  to  take  an 
other  waye  of  cownsell,  to  whos  protection  I  commyt 
your  L.,  most  heartily  takyng  my  leave.  At  the  coorte 
the  xvij  of  June,  1584. 

"  Your  L.  to  command, 

"  FRA.  WALSYNGHAM." 

[Edward  Arden,  distantly  related  to  Shakespeare's 
mother,  was  executed  for  high  treason  on  Dec.  20, 1583 : 
Somerville,  who  was  to  have  been  hanged  with  him, 
strangled  himself  on  the  day  preceding.  Francis  Throck- 
morton  was  executed  for  the  same  crime  on  July  10, 1584. 
Stow's  Annals,  pp.  1176,  1177,  edit.  1605.] 

J.  PAYNE  COLLIER. 

Maidenhead. 


DOS   JORGE  D'ATHEQUA,  0.  S.  DOM.,  BISHOP 
OF  LLANDAFF. 

This  Spanish  Dominican,  or  Preaching  Friar, 
also  called  "  George  de  Attica,  S.  T.  P.,"  was 
Domestic  Chaplain  and  Confessor  to  Doiia  Katha- 
rine of  Aragon  ;  and  attended  that  Princess  from 
Spain  to  England  in  1501,  when  she  arrived  to 
be  married  to  Arthur,  Prince  of  Wales.  He  was 
also,  doubtless,  present  at  her  second,  ill-star 
nuptials  with  King  Henry  VIII.,  on  June  1 
1509;  and  continued  attached  to  Queen  Kath 
rine  until  her  death  at  Kimbolton  Castle  on  J 
uary  8,  1536  ;  as  we  find  that,  when  her  ho 
hold  was  made  up.  at  Kimbolton  Castle,  in  Hu 
ingdonshire,  "  with  some  difficulty,  the  househ 
was  made  up,  and  the  Bishop  of  Llandaff^  an  old 
Spanish  priest,  of  the  name  of  Allequa,  who  had 
accompanied  Katharine  from  Spain,  was  suffered 
to  remain  with  her."  (Strickland's  Queens  nf 


* 


3rd  S.  V.  APIUL  30,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


353 


England,  iv.  134.)  And  when  Dr.  Abell,  her 
confessor,  was  removed,  the  difficulty  was  to  find 
one  agreeable  both  to  Henry  and  his  divorced 
wife.  "  The  Bishop  of  Llandaff"  writes  the 
kind's  agent,  "  will  do  less  harm  than  any  other 
to  tarry  and  be  her  ghostly  father."  The  reason 
was,  that  the  old  Spaniard  was  timid  and  quiet, 
and  had  implored  the  queen  to  yield  to  expe- 
diency. (Strickland,  iv.  135.)  It  is  not  recorded 
whether  he  held  any  previous  ecclesiastical  prefer- 
ment in  England,  till  raised  to  the  episcopate, 
through  the  influence  of  his  patroness  and  coun- 
trywoman, Queen  Katharine,  on  the  death  of 
Miles  Salley,  Bishop  of  Llandaff,  in  Wales,  in 
December,  1516.  He  was,  accordingly,  provided 
to  that  see  by  Pope  Leo  X.  on  February  11, 
1517,  and  consecrated  March  8  following,  either 
in  St.  Paul's  Church,  London  (Reg.  Warham, 
fol.  20,  in  Godwin,  De  Prcesul.  edit.  Richardson, 
p.  611 ;  and  Le  Neve's  Fasti,  edit.  Hardy,  p.  250), 
or  at  the  church  of  the  Dominicans  or  "  Black- 
friars  "  there  (Reg.  Sacr.  Angl  by  Stubbs,  p.  76, 
on  authority  of"  Keg.  Warham.  and  Booth"},  by 
Charles  Boothe,  LL.D.,  Bishop  of  Hereford,  as- 
sisted by  John  Young,  S.T.P.,  Bishop  of  Callipolis, 
in  Thrace  (Archdeacon  of  London,  and  Suffragan 

in  that  diocese),  and  Francis (?),  Bishop 

ofCastoria,  in  PraBvalitana  (Achrida).  The  sees 
of  the  two  last  prelates  were  in  partibus  infide- 
lium,  but  of  "  Fras.  Castoriensis  "  I  can  ascertain 
no  trace  in  any  list  of  suffragan  bishops.  The 
new  Bishop  of  Llandaff  received  restitution  of  the 
temporalities  of  his  see,  on  April  27,  1517  (Pat. 
§  Hen.  VIII.,  p.  1,  m.  14),  and  after  an  episco- 
pate of  twenty  years,  he  resigned  the  bishopric  in 
February,  1537  (Pat.  28  Hen.  VIII.,  p.  2,  m.  2), 
and  a  conge  d'elire  issued  on  March  2,  1537, 
'•'•vice  Bishop  George,  resigned"  (ibid.),  a  suc- 
cessor being  consecrated  to  the  vacant  see  on  the 
25th  of  that  month.  The  aged  D'Athequa  pro- 
bably ^returned  to  his  native  land,  as  the  state  of 
ecclesiastical  affairs  in  England  must  have  be- 
come distasteful  to  him,  and  the  death  of  Queen 
Katharine  had  severed  his  last  tie  in  that  country. 
My  query  is,  what  became  of  him  afterwards,  and 
where  or  when  did  he  die?  Any  additional  in- 
onnation  on  the  subject  will  be  acceptable. 
East  Indies.  A.  S.  A. 


FOLK  LORE  IX  THE  SOUTH-EAST  OF 
IRELAND. 

Having  spent  some  happy  juvenile  days  in  the 
south-eastern  parts  of  Ireland,  including  parts  of 

ilkenny,  Wexford,  Wicklow,  Carlow,  and  Water- 
ford,  I  had  many  opportunities  of  becoming  ac- 
quainted with  the  "manners  and  customs'"  of 
every  grade  of  society,  from  the  squire  to  the 
peasant,  and  therefore  picked  up  many  of  the 


"  saying  and  doings "  of  these  districts.  One 
thing  struck  me  as  most  remarkable,  and  that 
was,  when  any  popular  custom,  tradition,  or,  I 
may  say  superstition  existed,  there  was  not  the 
slightest  difference  of  opinion  between  the  edu- 
cated and  the  most  humble  or  illiterate  persons  — 
all  held  fast  to  the  same  belief,  no  matter  how 
absurd.  I  speak  of  the  laity  generally,  but  do  not 
include  the  clergy  of  any  sect  or  denomination. 
For  want  of  a  better  designation,  I  give  the  fol- 
lowing jots  under  the  head  of  "  folk  lore,"  although 
the  title  may  be  queried. 

When  a  cat  scratches  the  legs  of  a  table  or 
chair,  it  is  a  sign  of  rain ;  but  if  "  tabby  "  trans- 
fers her  nails  to  the  stump  of  a  tree,  it  foretells  a 
storm.  If  this  latter  be  found  correct,  we  have  a 
sort  of  feline  Fitzroy  before  the  "  Admiral "  was 
taught  to  prophesy  the  "  coming  storm."  The 
appearance  of  a  rainbow  (the  Iris)  at  night  or 
evening,  is  a  sign  of  fine  weather  ;  in  the  morn- 
ing it  is  for  storm,  and  at  midday  storm  and  rain; 
and  if  in  autumn,  thunder  and  whirlwinds  may 
be  expected  to  follow.  The  quacking  of  ducks  in 
the  morning  is  a  sure  sign  of  rain,  as  is  also  the 
chattering  of  a  collection  of  sparrows  in  the  even- 
ing. Should  a  robin  redbreast  enter  a  house, 
hard  weather,  snow,  frost,  &c.,  may  be  expected 
to  follow  soon.  The  robin  is  held  in  great  vene- 
ration by  every  one,  and  it  would  be  considered 
a  serious  offence  to  kill  one  willingly.  It  is  almost 
a  domestic  bird  in  the  places  I  mention,  and  has 
privileges  not  accorded  to  other  bipinnated 
tenants  of  the  grove  or  hedge. 

It  foretells  a  storm  to  see  pigs  running  about 
the  farm-yard  with  straws  in  their  mouths ;  and 
to  hear  dogs  crying,  which  they  do  most  horribly 
sometimes,  notifies  a  death.  On  this  point  there 
is  also  some  curious  folk  lore  about  that  fabled 
myth,  the  "banshee;"  but  as  I  have  already 
written  an  account  of  "  a  hunt  after  a  banshee," 
I  shall  say  no  more  on  that  subject. 

On  the  lower  or  upright  portion  of  the  frame 
of  almost  every  house  door  —  the  chief  en- 
trance —  may  be  found  nailed  an  old  horseshoe, 
or  portion  of  one,  picked  up  on  some  neighbouring 
road.  This  is  said  to  be  very  lucky,  and  prevents 
fires  and  fairies  from  visiting  the  house.  It  is 
considered  particularly  unfortunate  for  a  farmer 
or  his  wife  if  they  should,  on  a  May  morning, 
meet  a  hare,  as  that  animal  is  said  to  take  away 
the  milk  from  the  cows,  should  the  master  or  mis- 
tress of  the  "lowing  herd"  cross  the  path  of 
pussy  on  the  morning  in  question. 

1  shall  continue  this  subject,  but  for  the  present 
must  save  your  valuable  space. 

S.  REDMOND. 

Liverpool. 


354 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


.  v.  APRIL  30,  '64. 


JAMES  FORTESCUE,  D.D. 

Watt's  Bibliotheca  Britannica  contains  this  curi- 
ous article :  — 

"  FORTESCUE,  J.,  D.D.  —  Essays,  Moral  and  Miscella- 
neous ;  viz.  An  Introductory  Speech  from  Solomon ;  with 
an  Ode.  A  Vision  on  a  Plan  of  the  Ancients.  A  Sketch  of 
Life  after  the  manner  of  the  Moderns.  The  State  of  Man ; 
his  Passions,  their  object  and  end,  their  use,  abuse,  regu- 
lation, and  employment.  With  a  Poem,  sacred  to  the 
memory  of  the  Princess  [Princes]  of  Wales  and  of  Orange. 
Lond.  1752,  8vo.  Lond.  1759,  2  vols.  8vo.  10s." 

Amongst  the  publications  enumerated  in  the 
Gent.  Mag.  for  January,  1752,  I  find  — 

"Essays,  Moral  and  Miscellaneous,  by  J.  Fortescue, 
DD."  Is.  Baldwin. 

The  Essays  are  noticed  in  the  Monthly  Review 
for  January,  1752  (vi.  78).  [It  was  apparently 
from  this  source  that  Watt  derived  his  descrip- 
tion, substituting  by  mistake  "  princess "  for 
"princes."]  Twelve  lines  of  poetry  are  cited, 
and  it  is  stated  that  it  appeared  on  the  title-page 
that  the  pamphlet  was  only  a  first  part. 

The  Gent.  Mag.  for  January,  1755,  mentions  as 
a  new  publication  — 

"  Essays,  Moral  and  Miscellaneous,  by  Dr.  Fortescue.'' 
4s.  Owen. 

This  is  no  doubt  the  work  which,  in  Dr.  Bliss's 
Sale  Catalogue  (amongst  the  books  printed  at  Ox- 
ford), is  thus  described  :  - — 

"  834.  Fortescue  (J.)  Essays,  8vo.     J.  Fletcher,  1754." 

"Pomery  Hill,"  a  poem  humbly  addressed  to  his 
Royal  Highness  the  Prince  of  Wales,  appeared  in 
8vo,  1754.  This  was  by  Dr.  Fortescue,  and  was 
afterwards  included  in  his  collected  works  (Gough's 
British  Topography,  i.  321  ;  Cat.  of  Gough's  Col- 
lection in  the  Bodleian,  106). 

Amongst  the  books  printed  at  Oxford,  in  Dr. 
Bliss's  Sale  Catalogue,  we  have  — 

"  849.  Fortescue  (Dr.),  Dissertations,  Essays,  and  Dis- 
courses in  Prose  and  Verse,  2  vols,  cuts,  8vo."  W.  Jack- 
son, 1759." 

-This  work  is  also  mentioned  in  the  late  Mr. 
James  Davidson's  Supplement  to  Bibliotheca  De- 
voniensis  (a  mark  being  appended  to  denote  pri- 
vate library).  This  note  is  subjoined  — 

"  This  work  comprises  three  descriptive  poems, — one  of 
them  on  Devonia,  and  two  on  Castle  Hill." 

The  Monthly  Review  (xxi.  291)  gave  a  con- 
temptuous article  on  the  work,  naming  Dodsley  as 
the  publisher.  Extracts  are  given  from  a  Disser- 
tation on  Man,  and  a  poem  on  "  Contemplation ; " 
whilst  "  The  Oak  and  the  Shrubs,"  a  fable,  and 
"  To  my  Taper,"  an  ode,  are  extracted  in  extenso. 

It  thus  appears  that  the  first  part  of  Dr.  Fortes- 
cue's  Essays  appeared  in  1752,  at  a  shilling  ;  that 
other  Essays  by  him  were  published  in  1754  at  four 
shillings ;  and  that  an  extended  edition  (including 
"Pomery  Hill,"  which  had  been  first  published 
anonymously,)  came  out  in  two  vols.  in  1759  at 
ten  shillings. 


A  few  particulars  of  this  now-forgotten  author, 
whose  Christian  name  was  James,  are  subjoined. 
He  was  a  Fellow  of  Exeter  College,  Oxford,  B.A. 
Oct.  14, 1736;  M.A.  June  22,  1739;  Senior  Proc- 
tor of  the  University,  1748 ;  B.D.  April  11,  1749, 
and  D.D.  Jan.  20  1749-50.  He  held  the  rectory 
of  Wotton,  in  Northamptonshire — a  benefice  in 
the  gift  of  Exeter  College,  but  I  do  not  know  at 
what  period  he  was  instituted.  His  death  oc- 
curred in  1777,  and  his  library  was  sold  in  1779.  . 

I  cannot  ascertain  to  what  branch  of  the  Fortes- 
cue  family  he  belonged,  but  it  would  seem  pro- 
bable that  he  was  a  Devonian.  I  may  add,  that 
a  search  for  Dr.  Fortescue's  works  in  several  ex- 
tensive public  libraries  has  been  unavailing. 

S.  Y.  R. 


UNPUBLISHED  LETTER  or  CHARLES  LAMB.  — 
To  the  many  admirers  of  dear  Elia,  the  following 
characteristic  letter  from  his  pen,  hitherto  unpub- 
lished, will  be  welcome.  The  Athenceum  says  :  — 

"  We  are  indebted  to  a  friend  for  the  following  Unpub- 
lished Letter,  written  many  j^ears  ago  by  Charles  Lamb 
to  a  bookseller,  on  receipt  of  two  books"  of  verse,  —  one 
being  The  Maid  of  Elvar,  by  Allan  Cunningham,  the 
other  Barry  Cornwall's  Songs  and  Dramatic  Fragments  : — 

"  *  Thank  you  for  the  books.  I  am  ashamed  to  take 
tythe  thus  of  your  press.  I  am  worse  to  a  publisher  than 
the  two  Universities  and  the  Brit.  Mus. — A.  C.  I  will 
forthwith  read.  B.  C.  (I  can't  get  out  of  the  A.  B.  C.)  I 
have  more  than  read.  Taken  altogether  'tis  too  Lovey 
— :but  what  delicacies !  I  like  most  *  King  Death  '  — 
Glorious  'bove  all '  The  Lady  with  the  Hundred  Rings ' 

—  'The  Owl'  — 'Epistle  to  what's  his   name'— (Here 
may  be  I'm  partial)—'  Sit  down,  sad  soul ' — '  The  Pauper's 
Jubilee '  (but  that's  old,  and  yet  'tis  never  old)  — « The 
Falcon '— « Felon's  Wife '  —  Damn  « Madme  Pasty '  —  but 
that  is  borrowed  — 

Apple  pie  is  very  good, 
And  so  is  apple  pasty, 

But 

O  Lard !  'tis  very  nasty.  • 

—  but  chiefly  the  Dramatic  Fragments  —  scarce  three  of 
which  should  have  escaped  my  Specimens,  had  an  antique 
name  been  prefixed.     They  exceed  his  first.  —  So  much 
for  the  nonsense  of  poetry ;  now  to  the  serious  business  of 
life.     Up  a  court  (Blandford  Court)  in  Pall  Mall  (exactly 
at  the  back  of  Marlbro'  House,  with  iron  gate  in  front, 
and  containing  2  houses),  at  No.  2,  did  lately  live  Leish- 
man,  my  taylor.    He  is  moved  somewhere  in  the  neigh- 
hood  —  devil  knows  where.     Pray  find  him  out  and  give 
him  the  opposite.      I  am  so  much  better  —  tho'  my  hand 
shakes  in  writing  it — that  after  next  Sunday,  I  can  wt" 
see  F.  and  you.    Can  you  throw  B.  C.  in  ?  —  Why  t 

the  wheels  of  my  Hogarth  ?  " 

K. 

THE  EASTERN  ETHIOPIANS.  —  I  am  of  opinic 
that  the  Eastern  Ethiopians  were  colonies  of  Hii 
dooists  planted  on  both  sides  of  the  Paropamis 
by  Osiris  on  his  expedition  for  the  conquest 
India.     On  this  expedition,  to  which  ample  t< 
mony  is  borne"  by  many  ancient  writers,  he  is 
to  have  been   accompanied  by  Apollo  and  Peel 
Osiris  is  the  same  as  Brama,  Apollo  as  llama, 


S**  S.  V.  APRIL  30,  ?64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


355 


Pecht  is  the  Hanuman  of  Hindoo  tradition  ;  they 
figure  conspicuously  in  the  conquest  of  India,  as 
related  by  native  historians.  The  Eastern  Ethio- 
pians, or  Hindooists,  resemble  the  ancient  Egyp- 
tians in  customs,  physiognomy,  architecture,  reli- 
gion, and  names. 

When  I  visited  the  tombs  of  the  kings  at  Thebes, 
and  the  tombs  at  Beni-Hassan,  I  saw  that  the 
paintings  on  the  walls  thereof  were  accurate  re- 
presentations of  the  customs  of  the  Hindoos.  I 
have  seen  many  Indians,  whose  physiognomies 
and  colour  were  the  same  as  those  found  in  Egyp- 
tian sculptures  and  paintings.  As  to  identity  in 
architecture .  and  religion,  I  need  only  remark 
that  the  sepoys  of  the  British  expedition  to  Egypt 
from  Bombay,  declared  that  the  Egyptian  pago- 
dahs  were  their  pagodahs,  and  the  images  of  gods 
in  them  their  gods,  before  whom  they  performed 
poogah  or  the  ceremonies  of  their  religion. 

Sir  Walter  Raleigh,  in  his  History  of  the  World, 
says,  "  I  see  no  reason  to  doubt  that  Osiris  was 
Misraim."  If  we  concur  with  Raleigh,  and  pursue 
this  idea  still  further,  we  shall  find  that  the  per- 
sonages of  the  Hindoo  trinity — viz.  Brama,  Rama 
(or  Vishnu),  and  Seva,  are  the  remembrances  of 
Misraim,  Rama,  and  Seba  of  Genesis. 

I  give  one  example  of  similarity  in  names — Rha- 
masarneeno  is  the  well-known  name  of  an  Egyp- 
tian king.  Ramasamee  is  a  common  Hindoo  name. 

H.C. 

ACROSTIC.  —  In  looking  over  an  old  MS.  book 
the  other  day,  I  found  the  following  acrostic  on 
"  Christ,"  which  you  may,  perhaps,  think  not  un- 
worthy of  insertion :  — 

"  C  ome  unto  me  all  ye  that  mourn, 
II  ere  is  refreshment  from  the  Spring ; 
R  emember  I  for  you  was  born — 
I  am  your  Saviour,  Lord,  and  King. 
S  alvation  solely  is  in  me. 
T  e  Deum  laudamus,  Domine !  " 

R.  W.  H.  NASH. 

AN  Our  TALE  WITH  A  NEW  TITLE.  — An  old 
Irish  story  has  been  recently  passed  upon  The 
Standard's  "  Own  Correspondent"  (Manhattan)  as 
a  new  American.  The  other  day,  he  tells  us, 
a  Southerner,  being  about  to  accept  a  bill  for  some 
purchases,  inquired  the  cost  of  a  protest ;  and, 
when  answered,  a  dollar  and  a  half,  directed  the 
clerk  to  add  that  sum  to  the  bill,  as  it  was  sure 
not  to  be  honoured. 

^  The  story  is  not  Transatlantic,  for  it  is  a  Dub- 
liner.  Neither  is  it  new ;  for  (as  MR.  REDMOND 
will  perhaps  vouch),  on  hearsay  at  least,  it  has 
passed  its  grand  climacteric.  My  old  acquaint- 
ance and  brother- chip,  Joe  L ,  had,  somehow 

or  other,  persuaded  a  goodnatured  tradesman, 
who  nevertheless  had  his  misgivings  on  the  sub- 
ject, into  cashing  his  bill.  "Now,  Counsellor," 
said  he,  pishing  the  gold  over  the  counter,  "  you 
will  settle  this  little  matter  ?  "  "  Settle  it ! "  "re- 


plies" Joe,  "  to  be  sure  and  I  will,  and  the  protest 
too."  E.  L.  S. 

CURIOUS  PASSAGE  IN  ST.  AUGUSTINE. — Julian 
the  Pelagian  had  put  forth  the  following  charge 
against  St.  Augustine  :  — 

"  Dixeras :  N"on  esse  sine  voluntate  delictum.  Et  re- 
spondisti :  Sed  per  unius  voluntatem  esse  delictum.  Num- 
quid  concinit  superior!  definition!,  quae  ablativi  casus 
propositions  munitur,  secuta  responsio  per  prsepositionem 
accusativi  casus*illata." 

To  which  the  holy  Father  returned  the  follow- 
ing playful  answer  :  — 

"  Utinam  tu  potius  istorum  Christ:  piscatorum  retibus 
tenaciter  salubriterque  capiaris :  turn  accusativum  casum, 
quo  ipse  a  te  ipso  es  accusatus,  et  ablativum,  quo  de 
Ecclesia  Catholica  es  ablatus,  correctus  melius  declinabis. 
Praepositiones  autem  si  recte  atque  integre  sequeris,  cur 
non  istos  doctores  Ecclesice  (Hilarium  et  Ambrosium) 
tibi,  deposita  elatione,  praeponis."  —  Contra  Julianuniy 
lib.  iv.  §  97. 

F.  C.  H. 


ABRAHAM  BROOK  published  "  Miscellaneous 
Experiments  and  Remarks  on  Electricity,  the  Air- 
Pump,  and  Barometer,  Norwich,  4to,  1789."  He 
was  a  bookseller  at  Norwich  (Nichols's  Lit.  Anec. 
iii.  672.)  More  concerning  him  is  much  desired. 

S.  Y.  R. 

MRS.  MARGARET  BRYAN,  who  kept  a  school  at 
Margate,  published  Lectures  on  Natural  Philo- 
sophy, 4to,  1806.  There  are  two  portraits  of  her 
after  Shelley,  one  engraved  by  Ridley,  and  the 
other,  in  which  her  children  are  also  represented, 
engraved  by  Nutter.  The  latter  is  esteemed  a 
fine  work.  I  am  desirous  of  ascertaining  when 
she  died.  S.  Y.  R. 

DANISH  COIN.  —  Will  any  correspondent  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  state  the  designation  and  value  of  a 
Danish  coin  which  bears  the  following  inscrip- 
tion ?-" Tolf  Skilling  Danske,  1 7 1 1 ,  C.  <9  W.";  and 
having  on  the  obverse,  "  Dei  G.  Rex  Dan.  Nor. 
V.C. ;"  also  a  crown  and  a  kind  of  monogram  com- 
prising two  Fs  crossing  each  other,  and  two  Js, 
one  on  each  of  the  Fs.  J.  H.  D. 

JOSEPH  DOWNES.  —  There  was  published,  m 
1823,  The  Proud  Shepherds  Tragedy,  a  scenic 
poem,  edited  by  Joseph  Downes.  Can  any  one 
inform  me  who  was  the  author  ?  IOTA. 

DUMMERER. — Does  this  mean  one  who  pretends  , 
to  be  dumb  ? 

"A  great  temptation  to  all  mischief,  it  [Poverty]  com- 
pels some  miserable  wretches  to  counterfeit  several  dis- 
eases .  .  .  We  have  dummerers,  Abraham-men,"  &c. — 
Burton,  Anat.  Mel.  1,  2,  4,  6. 

J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

HEMING  OF  WORCESTER.  —  Can  your  corre- 
spondent H.  S.  G.  (3rd  S.  v.  268)  kindly  inform 


356 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  s.  v.  APRIL  30,  '64. 


me  what  crest  and  motto  were  borne  by  John 
Heming,  Mayor  of  Worcester  in  1677?  I  believe 
the  former  was  a  lion  gules,  statant,  gardant, 
on  a  cap  of  maintenance,  but  the  latter  I  have 
not  been  able  to  trace.  G.  G.  H. 

THOMAS  HOPKIRK,  residing  at  or  near  Glasgow, 
published  several  botanical  works.  The  last  I 
have  seen  noticed  appeared  in  1817.  I  shall  be 
glad  of  any  information  respecting  him. 

S.  Y.  R. 

LANGUAGE  USED  IN  THE  COURTS  OF  THE  ROMAN 
PROCURATOR  IN  PALESTINE,  AT  THE  TIME  OF 
OUR  LORD.  —  What  was  the  language  in  which 
the  trials,  in  the  Court  of  the  Roman  Procurator, 
were  conducted  in  Palestine  at  the  time  of  Our 
Lord  ?  Also,  was  it  the  custom  of  the  Romans, 
when  they  conquered  a  new  country,  to  use  their 
own  language  in  their  law  courts  ?  or  did  they 
adopt  that  of  the  conquered  people  ?  I  shall  be 
obliged  by  any  references  to  works  which  will 
afford  information  on  this  subject.  A.  T.  L. 

"THE  LITERARY  MAGNET,"  1824. — In  this 
periodical  (pp.  200,  407),  are  two  extracts  from 
a  play  on  the  subject  of  Virginius  by  G.  A.  From 
a  note  it  would  appear  that  the  author  had  written 
his  tragedy  during  a  year's  residence  in  Italy,  and 
went  to  Venice  to  show  it  to  Lord  Byron.  Who 
was  the  author  ?  IOTA. 

MARROW  BONES  AND  CLEAVERS.  —  Searching 
amongst  some  old  papers  a  few  days  ago,  I  found 
the  following,  which  was  written  in  the  year  1816 
to  a  gentleman  residing  at  Pentonville,  upon  the 
marriage  of  one  of  his  daughters  :  — 

"  HONOURED  SIR. — With  submission,  we  the  Drums, 
Fifes,  and  Marrow-bone  and  Cleaver  Men  present  our 
respectful  Compliments  to  you  on  the  Happy  and  Honour- 
able Marriage  of  your  Amiable  Daughter.  Wishing 
Health,  Happiness,  and  Long  to  Live  —  Hoping  for  to 
receive  the  usual  Gratuity  given  by  Gentlemen  on  these 
Joyful  and  Happy  occurrences, 

"  Sir,  from  your  most  ob*  Servts, 

"  Waiting  your  pleasure." 

Can  you  inform  me  whether  it  was  in  those 
days  usual  for  marrow-bones  and  cleaver-men  to 
attend  at  marriages.  H.  S. 

Lincoln's  Inn. 

THE  MOLLY  WASH^DISIT.—  I  am  rather  anxious 
to  introduce  a  litfrle  friend  of  mine  to  public 
notice ;  and,  at  the  same  time,  to  ascertain  whe- 
ther his  somewhat  curious  habits  are  peculiar  to 
himself,  or  common  to  his  race  ? 

Early  in  last  spring,  my  windows  were  suddenly 
assailed  by  a  series  of  very  rapid  and  pertinacious 
tappmgs  :  nor  was  it  long  before  we  discovered — 
for,  indeed,  he  made  no  attempt  to  conceal  him- 
self—that they  were  the  work  of  a  certain  pied- 
wagtail,  called,  I  believe,  by  the  learned,  Motacilla 
Yarrellii;  and  by  the  unlearned,  at  any  rate  in 


these  western  parts,  with  utter  recklessness  as  to 
gender,  Molly  Wash-dish. 

His  mode  of  proceeding  was  to  pick  out  a  cer- 
tain pane,  ~or  panes  of  glass,  in  some  particular 
window,  and  to  fly  frantically  at  it  from  a 
neighbouring  bough ;  making  a  peck  at  it  at 
every  assault,  and  leaving  a  labyrinth  of  little 
sticky  marks  upon  the  glass,  which  seemed  to  be 
effected  by  the  protrusion  of  the  tongue. 

Generally  speaking,  I  fancy  I  have  been  able 
to  perceive  the  cause  of  these  visitations  in  cer- 
tain minute  gnats  within  the  window ;  but  some- 
times, I  think,  the  force  of  habit  has  carried  him 
on  without  any  such  inducement. 

Beginning  at  daylight,  he  maintained  the  war 
day  by  day  throughout  the  summer;  and  when 
scared  away  from  one  window  by  the  deterring 
influence  of  a  book  or  newspaper  placed  against 
his  point  cCappui,  he  was  pretty  sure  to  be  heard 
in  a  few  minutes  tapping  away  at  another,  per- 
haps on  the  opposite  side  of  the  house ;  and  occa- 
sionally prosecuting  his  labours  upon  the  glass 
front  of  a  rain-guage  on  the  green. 

Winter  came,  and  we  heard  no  more  of  him ; 
but  now,  with  returning  spring,  here  he  is  at 
work  again  every  fine  day,  "  from  morn  till  dewy 
eve" — tap,  tap,  as  persevering,  as  impudent,  and, 
shall  I  say  ?  as  tiresome  as  ever. 

I  fear  it  may  be  considered  somewhat  con- 
demnatory of  my  powers  of  observation ;  but  I 
have  not  yet  been  able  to  make  sure,  whether  our 
visitant  is  singular  or  plural ;  but,  if  the  former, 
he  certainly  makes  the  best  of  his  time,  and  seems 
to  manage  sometimes,  like  Sir  Boyle  Roche's 
celebrated  bird,  to  be  in  two  places  at  once.  Is 
it  possible  that  he  can  be  a  transmigrated  spirit- 
rapper  ?  C.  W.  BINGHAM. 

THE  CHRISTIAN  NAME,  MURTHA.  —  Amongst 
old  Irish  families  the  above  Christian  name  is 
generally  found,  but  it  is  fast  fading  away.  I  un- 
derstand it  is  Englished  into  "  MortUner."  I  want 
to  know  something  of  its  derivation  and  origin  as 
a  baptismal  name,  as  I  have  met  it  out  of  Ireland, 
and  not  amongst  those  of  Irish  offspring. 

S.  REDMOND. 
Liverpool. 

REV.  W.  NICOLS. — Through  the  kindness  of  a 
friend,  there  has  fallen  under  my  notice  a  very 
interesting  work,  entitled  "  De  Literis  Inventis 
Libri  Sex.  Auctore  Gulielmo  Nicols,  A.M.  Lon- 
dini,  MDCCXI."  with  a  frontispiece  engraved  by 
Gribelin,  representing,  as  I  suppose,  the^  author 
sitting  in  his  library.  It  is  a  Latin  poem  in  hex- 
ameters and  pentameters  addressed  to  Thomas 
Herbert,  Earl  of  Pembroke,  and  extending  over 
nearly  three  hundred  pages.  It  is  illustrated  by 
many  valuable  notes,  which  display  the  varied 
learning  and  extraordinary  research  of  the  writer, 
and  is  furnished  with  copious  indices  of  authors 


S.  V.  APRIL  30,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


357 


cited  and  subjects  treated.  From  internal  evi- 
dence, it  appears  that  Mr.  Nicols  was  a  native  of 
Llandaff  or  the  neighbourhood,  a  student  of 
Christ  Church,  Oxford,  when  Fell  was  Dean,  and 
afterwards  rector  of  Stockport,  in  Cheshire.  It 
would  be  interesting  to  know  something  more  of 
such  a  very  learned  man.  I  imagine  the  work 
must  be  of  rare  occurrence,  as  I  have  no  re- 
membrance of  having  seen  it  in  any  bookseller's 
catalogue.*  E.  II.  A. 

PREACHING  MINISTERS  SUSPENDED.  —  On  the 
SOth  of  April,  1605,  Norden,  rector  of  Hamsey, 
near  Lewes,  and  nine  other  "preaching  ministers," 
in  the  diocese  of  Chichester,  were  deprived  by  the 
Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  on  his  metropolitical 
visitation  at  East  Grinstead.  What  was  the  offence 
for  which  these  clergymen  were  so  deprived  ? 
The  bishop  of  the  diocese  does  not  possess  the  re- 
quired information.  WYNNE  E.  BAXTER. 

QUESTION  OF  POPULATION.  —  Cobbett,  in  his 
Rural  Rides  (p.  352),  thus  writes  of  the  Vale  of 
Avon :  — 

"  I  had  never  been  at  Nether  Avon,  a  village  in  this 
valley;  but  I  had  often  heard  this  valley  described  as 
one  of  the  finest  pieces  of  land  in  all  England.  I  knew 
that  there  were  about  thirty  parish  churches,  standing  in 
a  length  of  about  thirty  miles,  and  in  an  average  width  of 
hardly  a  mile;  and  I  was  resolved  to  see  a  little  into  the 
reasons  that  could  have  induced  our  fathers  to  build  all 
these  churches,  especially  if,  as  the  Scotch  would  have  us 
believe,  there  were  but  a  mere  handful  of  people  in 
England  until  of  late  years." 

After  describing  the  beauties  of  the  Valley,  and 
showing  that  the  land,  from  its  great  riches,  is 
capable  of  maintaining  a  large  population,  which 
it  does  not  now,  Mr.  Cobbett  proceeds  :  — 

"  It  is  manifest  enough,  that  the  population  of  this  valley 
was,  at  one  time,  many  times  over  what  it  is  now ;  for, 
in  the  first  place,  what  were  the  twenty- nine  churches 
built  for  y  The  population  of  the  twenty-nine  parishes 
is  now  (1823)  but  little  more  than  one  half  of  that  of  the 
single  parish  of  Kensington  ;  and  there  are  several  of  the 
churches  bigger  than  the  church  at  Kensington.  What, 
then,  should  all  these  churches  have  been  built  for? 
And  besides,  where  did  the  hands  come  from?  And 
where  did  the  money  come  from?  In  three  instances, 
Fifield,  Milston,  and  Roach-Fen  (seventeen,  twenty-three, 
and  twenty-four,)  the  church  porches  will  hold  all  the 
inhabitants,  even  down  to  the  bedridden  and  babies. 
What,  then,  will  any  man  believe  that  these  churches 
were  built  for  such  little  knots  of  people?  " 

Will  any  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  do  me 
the  favour  to  answer  Mr.  Cobbett's  several  in- 
quiries ?  And  in  answering  them,  I  particularly 
wish  the  causes  of  the  twenty-nine  churches  being 
built  to  be  stated  at  length  ;  the  date  of  the  erec- 
tion of  each  church  ;  and  desire  to  be  informed 
do  the  local  histories  afford  any  information  on 

[*  For  some  notices  of  the  works  of  this  learned  di- 
vine, consult  Nichols's  Literary  Anecdotes,  i.  493,  and 
Freytag,  Adparatus  Litterarius.  1753,  ii.  1031—1037.— 
ED.] 


the  subject?     Where  the  hands  and  the  money 
came  from,  I  am  anxious  to  learn. 

FRA.  MEWBURX. 

EPISCOPAL  SEAL.  —  Figure  of  a  bishop  with 
crosier  and  mitre,  under  canopy,  his  right-hand 
raised.  Below,  a  smaller  figure  of  the  same, 
hands  joined  and  upraised.  Inscription  —  "  S. 
Thome  .  dei .  gracia  .  episcopi  .  manitencis"  To 
what  see  does  this  belong?  C.  J. 

STORY,  NORFOLK.  —  Can  any  one  inform  the 
inquirer  what  were  the  arms  and  pedigree  of  the 
Rev.  William  Armine  Story,  who,  about  1750, 
was  rector  of  Barnham-Broom,  vicar  of  Kimberley, 
and  chaplain  to  Lord  Wodehouse  ?  It  is  supposed 
that  the  family  migrated  to  Norfolk  from  some 
northern  county.  OXONIEKTSIS. 

TAMAR,  IN  DEVONSHIRE. — Can  any  Devonshire 
antiquary  inform  me  of  the  situation  and  present 
condition  of  the  ancient  manor  house  of  Tamar, 
or  Uptamer,  in  Devon  ?  That  it  was  a  place  of 
considerable  importance  in  the  thirteenth  and  four- 
teenth centuries  is  evident,  from  the  fact  of  license 
to  crenellate  it  having  been  granted ;  and  though 
De  la  Pole,  at  p.  51  of  his  Hist,  of  Devon,  says  it 
was,  in  the  reign  of  "  King  Edw.  I.,  the  seat  of 
Sir  Wm.  Cole,  Knt."  (whose  family  was  after- 
wards settled  at  Slade,  in  Cornwood),  he  does  not 
state  in  what  parish  it  was,  nor  give  any  clue  as 
to  its  locality.  Lysons's  Devon,  and  the  other 
topographical  works  on  the  county  which  I  have 
consulted,  afford  me  no  assistance  in  my  attempt 
to  identify  Tamer.  J.  E.  C. 

ZAP  ATA:  SPAIN.  —  Are  there  any  records  or 
traditions  of  any  members  of  this  famous  family 
having  settled  in  this  country  under  a  name  equi- 
valent to  the  English  translation  of  their  Spanish 
name?  Do  any  such  cases  of  translation  of  foreign 
names  occur  among  English  surnames  ? 

S.  G.  R. 

<auerfetf  tottfj  &tt£foa:£. 

THE  PITT  DIAMOND.—  Can  any  one  inform  me 
what  were  the  circumstances  which  induced  King 
George  IV.  and  his  ministers  to  send  to  the  Shah 
of  Persia,  for  his  acceptance,  the  valuable  Pitt 
Diamond  ?  It  was  like  sending  "  coals  £b  New- 
castle," as,  perhaps,  there  was  no  other  potentate 
who  possessed,  previously,  so  large  and  valuable 
a  collection  of  diamonds.  LARAT. 

[Our  correspondent's  authority  for  this  notice  of  the 
Pitt  diamond  is  probably  Mr.  Edward  B.  Eastwick,  who, 
in  his  recently  published  work,  informs  us,  that  "  Among 
the  Shah's  rings  is  one  in  which  is  set  the  famous  Pitt 
diamond,  sent  by  George  TV.  to  Fath  Ali  Shah."  (Jour- 
nal of  a  Diplomate's  Three  Years'  Residence  in  Persia.') 
Governor  Pitt,  as  is  well  known,  sold  this  famous  diamond 
to  the  Duke  of  Orleans  for  2,300,000  crowns  (92,000/.), 
and  we  believe  it  still  belongs  to  the  regalia  of  France. 


358 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  APRIL  30,  '64. 


**  The  Regent,  or  Pitt  diamond,"  says  Madame  de  Bar- 
rera,  in  her  interesting  work,  Gems  and  Jewels,  I860,  p. 
278,  "  pawned  by  Napoleon  I.,  stolen  by  a  band  of  rob- 
bers, made  by  Talleyrand  a  bait  to  seduce  Prussia,  passed 
unscathed  through  half  a  dozen  revolutions,  still  pertains 
to  France.  The  first  Emperor  wore  it  mounted  in  the 
hilt  of  his  state  sword  j  it  is  now  (1860)  set  in  the  im- 
perial diadem."  It  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  Governor 
Pitt  reserved  the  fragments  taken  off  in  the  cutting  of 
his  diamond,  and  which  made  several  fine  diamonds, 
worth  several'  thousand  pounds  sterling.  Probably  it  is 
one  of  these  fragments  that  is  set  in  one  of  the  Shah's 
rings.] 

"  TONY'S  ADDRESS  TO  MARY." — I  met  with  the 
following  amusing  lines  in  MS.  the  other  day. 
Can  you  tell  me  who  wrote  them  ? — 

"  TONES  AD   KESTO  MARE. 

"  0  Mare  aeva  si  formae, 
Formae  ure  tonitru ; 
lambicum  as  amandum, 
Olet  Hymen  promptu. 
Mihi  is  vetas  anne  se, 

As  humano  erebi ; 
Olet  mecum  marito  te, 

Ore  eta  betapL 
"  Alas  i  fere  ure  rigidi, 

Mi  ardor  vel  uno, 
Toilet  mediis  nautaa,  pol ! 

Solet  me  beabo ! 
Ah  me,  ve  ara  scilicet ! 
Vi  laudi  vimen  thus? 
Hiatu  as  arandum  sex, — 

Illuc  lonicus. 
"  Heu  sed  heu  vix  en  imago, — 

Mi  missis  mare  sta : 
O  cantu  redit  in  mihi 

Hibernas  arida  ? 
A  veri  vafer  heri  si, 

Mihi  resolves  indue ; 
Totius  olet  Hymen  cum, — 
Accepta  tonitru." 

W.  I.  S.  HORTON. 

[These  lines  appeared  in  Bentley's  Miscellany  of  1840 
(vol.  vii.  p.  365),  and  signed  S.  W.  P.  The  commence- 
ment of  the  second  stanza  has  a  different  reading : 

"Alas  piano  more  meretrix, 

Mi  ardor  vel  uno ; 
Inferiam  ure  artis  base, 
Tolerat  me  urebo."] 

FARDEL  OF  LAND.— The  following  extract,  re- 
lating to  a  "  farndel  of  land,"  occurs  at  p.  310  of 
the  second  edition  of  Atkyns's  Gloucestershire  ; 
and  as  the  term  is  so  unusual,  and  I  do  not  find 
it  in  such  glossaries  as  I  have  access  to,  I  venture 
to  ask  the  contributors  to  "  E".  &  Q."  to  inform 
me  of  its  meaning  :  — 

"Edw.  Lord  Stafford,  Duke  of  Buckingham,  was  seised 
of  the  manor  of  Olviston,  and  by  his  attainder  it  came  to 
the  crown ;  whereupon  the  M.  (except  a  messuage  called 
a  farndel  of  land,  and  the  passage  called  Framilody,  and 
excepting  all  woods)  was  granted  to  Thomas  Heneage 
and  Catherine,  his  wife,  for  life,  23  H.  VIII  " 

J.  E.  C. 


[The  correct  reading  is  Fardel  of  Land  (fardella  terrce], .. 
which  is  generally  accounted  the  fourth  part  of  a  yaii 
land ;  but  according  to  Noy  (in  his  Compleat  Latvyef, 
p..  57)  it  is  an  eighth  part  only ;  for  there  he  says  thtt 
two  fardels  of  land  make  a  nook,  and  four  nooks  a  yard 
land.  For  an  explanation  of  these  terms,  see  Cowel's 
Interpreter,  and  Tomlins's  Law  Dictionary.  ] 

CRIBBAGE. — Can  any  one  throw  any  light  upon 
the  antiquity  or  origin  of  the  game  of  cribbage  ? 

H.  L. 

[Cribbage  was  formerly  known  under  the  name  of 
Noddy,  as  we  learn  from  an  interesting  paper  on  "  Card 
Playing"  inChambers's  Book  of  Days,  ii.  779.  "Noddy," 
says  the  writer,  "  was  one  of  the  old  English  court  games, 
and  is  thus  noticed  by  Sir  John  Harrington  : 

*  Now  Noddy  followed  next,  as  well  it  might, 
Although  it  should  have  gone  before  of  right ; 
At  which  I  say,  I  name  not  any  body, 
One  never  had  the  knave,  yet  laid  for  Noddy.' 

"  This  has  been  supposed  to  have  been  a  children's 
game,  and  it  was  certainly  nothing  of  the  kind.  Its 
nature  is  thus  fully  described  in  a  curious  satirical  poem, 
entitled  Bait  upon  Batt,  published  in  1694 : 

"  '  Show  me  a  man  can  turn  up  Noddy  still, 
And  deal  himself  three  fives  too,  when  he  will ; 
Conclude  with  one-and -thirty,  and  a  pair, 
Never  fail  ten  in  Stock,  and  yet  play  fair, 
If  Batt  be  not  that  wight,  I  lose  my  aim.' 

"  From  these  lines,  there  can  be  no  doubt  that  the 
ancient  Noddy  was  the  modern  Cribbage — the  Nob  of 
to-day,  rejoicing  in  the  name  of  Noddy,  and  the  modern 
Crib,  being  termed  the  Stock.  Cribbage  is,  in  all  pro- 
bability, the  most  popular  English  game  at  cards  at  the 
present  day.  It  seems  as  if  redolent  of  English  comfort, 
a  snug  fireside,  a^Welsh  rabbit,  and  a  little  mulled  some- 
thing simmering  on  the  hob."] 

BARLEY.  —  Maclaymore,  in  the  10th  Scene  of 
The  Reprisal,  says,  in  answer  to  O'Clabber : 

"  Never  fash  your  noddle  about  me ;  conscience !  I'll 
no  be  the  first  to  cry  Barley." 

As  it  is  there  used,  it  is  evidently  synonymous 
with  "  Desist !  "  or  "  Hold,  enough  !  "—that  is,  it 
expresses  a  wish  to  escape  the  consequences  re- 
sulting from  further  opposition.  Children,  when 
at  pky,  often  use  the  word  when  they  want  a 
moment's  respite  ;  and  if  uttered  sufficiently  loud 
to  be  heard  by  their  comrades,  they  are  fairly 
considered  withdrawn  from  the  game  until  further 
notice.  How  has  the  word  obtained  this  signifi- 
cation ?  Is  it  a  corruption  of  the  word  parley  ? 

A.  E.  W. 

[Jamieson,  in  his  Scottish  Dictionary,  s.  v.  suggests 
that  this  exclamation  might  originally  have  reference  to 
Burlaw,  Byrlaw,  q.  v.  Germ.  Bauerlag ;  as  if  the  person 
claimed  the  benefit  of  the  laws  known  by  this  designa- 
tion, but  considers  it  more  natural  to  view  it  as  derived 
from  the  French  parler,  whence  the  English  parley. ,] 


.  V.  APRIL  30,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


359 


THE  TINCLARIAN  DOCTOR. 
(3rd  S.  v.  74.) 

As  some  little  interest  attaches  to  the  lucubra- 
tons  of  this  exceedingly  odd  personage,  and  as 
tie  rarity  of  his  productions  is  undoubted,  the 
following  additions  to  the  bibliographical  inform- 
ation 01  the  subject  may  not  be  unacceptable, 
especially  to  your  correspondent  J.  O. 

Mitcbll,  previous  to  the  year  1713,  collected 
together  the  tractates  originally  published  sepa- 
rately \>r  him  in  a  volume,  small  4to,  with  the 
following  title  :  — 

"  The  yhole  works  of  that  eminent  Divine  and  His- 
torian Dcetor  William  Mitchell,  Professor  of  Tinklarian- 
ism  in  th.  University  of  the  Bowhead.  Being  Essays  of 
Divinity,  Humanity,  History,  and  Philosophy.  Com- 
posed at  various  occasions  for  his  own  Satisfaction, 
Header's  Edification,  and  the  World's  Illumination. 

"  Togeher  with  the  History  and  Misterie  of  Divil  and 
Divils,  lopes  and  Pagans,  Priests  and  Prelats,  with  a 
Chronology  of  the  most  famous  Persons  in  the  World, 
and  a  Dscription.  of  the  Devil's  Regiments  and  his  own 
Arthodoi  Religion,  &c.  Edinburgh:  Printed  in  the 
year  1712." 

1 .  The  first  of  these  extraordinary  brochures  is 
"  The  ;hird  Addition  of  the  Tincklar's  Keligion, 
enlarged,   with  a  Discription  of  Sixteen  of  the 
Devil'?  Regiments."     It  commences  with  a  notice, 
that  tlose  who  "  desire  to  have  my  Testament, 
let  then  come  and  have  a  part  of  it  at  my  shop 
at  the  Head  of  the   West  Bow  in  Edinburgh. 
Those  that  buys  my  whole  works  shall  have  them 
at  an  easie  rate." 

2.  L  an  Introduction  to  the  first  part  of  the 
Tincklar's  Testament,  dedicated  "  to  the  Queen's 
most    excellent    Majestic    by   William    Mitchel, 
Tine-Plate-Worker,  in  Edinburgh.      Edinburgh, 
printed  by  John  Reid,  in  Bell's  Wynd,  1711."  ° 

In  the  dedication  to  Queen  Anne,  her  Majesty 
is  informed  that  — 

"  Many  of  the  Ministers  of  North  Britaine  call  me  a 
fool ;  I  confess  I  have  not  so  much  wit  as  the  Reverend 
Lord  Bishops  of  England  have.  Yet  I  have  as  much  wit 
as  some  of  the  ministers  can  pretend  to,  and  when  your 
Majesty  sees  these  books,  ye  shall  find  it  so." 

It  must  be  admitted  that  some  of  the  printed 
north  country  sermons  of  the  time  warranted  the 
affronted  Tincklar  in  his  censure.  This  tract  con- 
sists of  title,  dedication,  and  thirty-six  pa^es. 

3.  Then  comes  — 

"  A  part  of  the  first  part  of  the  Tincklar's  Testament, 
which  is  dedicated  to  the  Present  Presbyterian  Ministers 
in  Scotland.  Having  dedicated  my  Introduction  to  the 
Queen's  most  sacred  Majesty,  on  whom  I  rely,  [who]  will 
protect  me,  and  allow  me  as  much  monev  as  will  carrv  on 
my  work." 

"1  Cor.  chap.  i.  v.  26,  «  Not  many  wise  men  after  the 
»n,  not  many  mighty,  not  manv  noble,  are  called.'    By 
William  Mitchel,  Tinklar,  in  Edinburgh." 


This  is  also  printed  by  Reid,  and  consists  of 
twenty-eight  leaves. 

4.  "  The  Tinklar's  Speech  to  the  most  Loyal 
Countryman,  the  Honourable  Laird  of  Carn- 
wath."  It  has  no  title-page,  but  is  dated  Jan- 
uary 1,  171,2.  Pp.  16.  This  gentleman  was 
George  Lockhart,  of  Carnwath,  whose  Memoirs 
of  the  affairs  of  Scotland  are  well  known  to 
Scotch  historical  students.  The  Tincklar  tells 
Mr.  Lockhart  that  he  cannot  but  commend  Dr. 
Pitcairn  and  the  Queen's  two  Advocates,  and 
some  of  the  Lords  of  Session,  and  Provost  Black- 
wood,  "  for  giving  me  money  for  carrying  on  my 
work,  because  they  are  men  of  sense  beyond  all 
others."  Pitcairn  was  the  well-known  Jacobite 
wit  of  that  day,  and  author  of  that  very  clever 
but  indelicate  Comedy  The  Assembly,  in  which 
the  ruling  clergy  in  Scotland  are  castigated  in 
the  most  exemplary  manner. 

5.  Next  comes  — 

"  The  great  Tincklarian  Doctor  Mitchel,  his  speech  to 
the  Commendation  of  the  Scriptures,  being  a  part  of  his 
Testament,  dedicated  to  them  that  confuse  themselves 
with  business,  and  take  not  time  to  read  the  Bible ;  and 
to  the  General  Assembly  of  the  Church  of  Scotland, 
especially  to  Sir  James  Beard  of  Saughtoun-Hall,  the 
worst  among  us  all ;  he  desires  not  to  be  commended, 
although  I  could  to  an  high  degree."  No  date  or  place. 
Pp.  16. 

We  have,  6thly,  "The  Great  Tincklarian  Doctor 
Mitchel,  his  fearful  Book  to  the  Condemnation 
of  all  Swearers,  dedicated  to  the  Devil's  Cap- 
tains." This  issued  from  Reid's  press,  1712,  and 
consists  of  thirty-two  leaves.  The  preceding  are 
all  in  small  4to. 

7.  The  Doctor  next  appears  as  a  civic  reformer, 
in  a  Broadside  of  one  leaf,  folio,  entitled  "  The 
Tincklar's  Proposal  for  the  better  Reformation  of 
the  city  of  Edinburgh,  together  with  his  Serious 
Advice  to  the  Magistrates." 

8.  Is  entitled  "  Great  News,  Strange  Altera- 
tion concerning  the  Tinckler,  who  wrote  his  Tes- 
tament long  before  his  death,  and  no  man  knows 
his  heir."     In  this  folio  broadside  of  one  leaf,  he 
proposes  to  be  made  — 

"  Captain  in  the  Town-Guard.  The  Captain  ye  keep  has 
beenva  100  pounds  Scots  out  of  my  way,  for  none  should 
have  that  post  but  them  that  have  sense  to  give  reason 
for  it ;  for  when  the  fire  was  entering  my  shop,  I  having 
lost  my  key  by  confusion  at  the  fire,  he  ordered  his  Soul- 
diers  not  to  let  me  break  open  my  shop  door  till  my  new 
clock  and  most  part  of  my  work  were  burnt." 

Undoubtedly  a  good  riddance  of  rubbish,  in  the 
opinion  of  the  magistracy.  This  wholesale  burn- 
ing may  explain  the  present  rarity  of  these  strange 
effusions.  It  consists  of  one  leaf,  folio. 

9.  Is  dated  Oct.  19,  1711,  and  is  the  "Petition 
of  William  Mitchel,  White- Iron  Smith,  in  Edin- 
burgh," to  Queen  Anne.     The  Doctor  tells  her 
Majesty  — 


360 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  APRIL  30,  '64. 


"  I  have  little  time  to  spare  but  when  I  should  sleep, 
because  I  have  many  tender  children  to  provide  for,  and 
1  have  but  a  poor  employment,  called  a  White  Iron  Man, 
out  of  their  ignorance." 

He  continues  in  the  following  strain  :  — 

"  I  had  a  post  to  give  light  to  some  people  for  twelve 
rears,  but  some  of  the  Council  of  Edinburgh  took  it  from 
me ;  because  I  was  not  like  themselves.  After  that  I  got 
another  post  by  an  inward  Call  from  the  Spirit,  to  give 
light  to  the  Ministers,  and  I  wrote  much  to  them  from 
the  Scripture  and  reason,  to  Reform  them,  and  now  I 
find  I  have  no  success ;  they  will  not  hear  me,  so  as  to 
reform  either  practice  or  Preachings;  and  more,  they 
give  me  as  little  Omage  as  Mordecai  gave  to  Haman ; 
they  go  by  me  and  comes  by  me,  and  never  lifts  their  hats, 
although  your  Majesty's  "letter  to  the  Archbishop  of 
Canterbury  and  my  Books  jumps  to  a  straw. 

"  However,  now  I  am  clear  of  their  Blood,  and  I  shall 
hold  them  as  obstinate;  I  am  now  to  let  your  Majesty 
know,  that  there  is  two  posts  vacant  in  North  Britain ; 
the  one  is  the  Lord  Mare  Provest  of  Edinburgh,  the  other 
is  the  Governor  of  Blackness  Castle,  ten  miles  from  Edin- 
burgh ;  where  is  a  hundred  men  keeps  a  cairn  of  stones, 
and  although  there  were  no  man  there,  no  man  would 
take  away  one  stone,  because  the  stones  is  wealthie  in 
that  place.  Now  I  believe  your  Majesty  may  know  that 
there  will  be  no  need  of  me  as  Governour  there." 

To  remedy  existing  evils,  the  Doctor  proposes 
that  her  Majesty  should  make  him,  or  any  other 
honest  tradesman,  Provost  of  Edinburgh,  a  city' 
where  the  need  of  a  respectable  ruler  was  much 
needed.  There  were  many  tradesmen  "  worthie  of 
the  honour  "  he  assures  the  Queen  :  — 

"  The  Tradesmen  of  Edinburgh  is  mightilie  oppressed 
by  the  Merchants  there.  When  a  Merchant  comes  to 
have  as  much  wit  as  to  ask  ten  Shillings  for  an  Ell  of 
Cloath,  that  they  might  sell  for  a  crown,  and  when  Gen- 
tlemen and  honest  Tradesmen  comes  to  buy  it,  they  give 
it  because  they  mind  no  evil,  and  so  the  Merchant  turns 
Rich,  and  made  a  Magistrate  in  the  Town,  and  the  Great 
Deacon  Convener  over  all  the  Tradesmen  in  Scotland, 
goes  behind  them  like  a  Gentleman's  Man,  that  carries 
his  Master's  Cloke,  although  he  had  more  wit  then 
Ahithophel.  The  Merchants  will  not  suffer  a  Tradesman 
to  be  a  Magistrate  except  they  deny  their  trade.  Judge 
ye  if  that  be  reasonable.  And  some  of  them  grow  so 
proud,  that  they  deny  their  Trade  to  be  made  a  Baillie, 
so  to  get  fines,  or  a  share  of  the  Town's  revenues,  or 
common  good.  But  the  honest  Tradesman,  although  he 
bears  a  great  part  of  the  burden \  by  paying  stent  and 
annuitie,  they  will  not  get  so  much  of  it  as  a  Drink  of  a 
cup.  They  will  send  soldiers  to  take  my  goods,  if  I  want 
money,  but  they  will  not  give  me  so  much  satisfaction  as 
to  tell  me  what  they  do  with  it.  I  had  a  small  sallerie 
to  light  the  Town  Lamps ;  they  took  it  from  me,  because 
I  lost  near  all  that  I  had  the  year  before  by  a  dreadful 
fire ;  the}'  laid  on  a  load  above  a  burden  upon  me,  and  by 
this  your  Majesty  may  know  what  sort  of  stuff  we  have 
for  Magistrates;  and  if  it  please  your  Excellent  Majesty 
to  look  upon  our  poor  and  opprest  condition,  and  send 
relief  according  to  this  Petition." 

10.  Is  a  similar  Petition  to  the  Queen  —  a  folio 
broadside  of  one  page  —  upon  the  subject  of  the 
provostship  then  vacant.     The  date  is  1711. 

11.  Another    address  of  four  pages.    At  the 
end  the  Doctor  exclaims  :  — 


"  Go  tell  her  Majesty  that  if  she  wants  money  to  pay 
her  soldiers,  give  the  Clergy  less  wages,  and  lay  more 
duty  upon  Goulf  Clubs,  and"  then  fewer  of  them  will  go 
to  the  Goulf;  and  keep  fewer  Pensioners,  for  I  know 
there  are  in  Edinburgh  gets  it,  that  does  not  need  it." 

12.  "The  Tincklarian  Doctor  Mitchel's  Speed 
ngainst   the   Bishops  and  the  Book  of  Commoi 
Prayer."     Four  leaves,  4to.     In  concluding,  tie 
reader  is  desired  to  beware  "  of  the  Devil  and 
George  Lapslie  in  the  Bowhead,  for  the  Devil 
came  roaring  out  of  his  mouth  against  nB  before 
Mr.   Webster."     The   last-named    indivdual    is 
undoubtedly  the  Presbyterian  clergyman, some  of 
whose  productions  are  as  strange  as  those  of  the 
extruded  lamplighter. 

13.  Commences  thus  :  — 

"  Frankly  and  Freely  dedicated  to  her  Majeay  Queen 
Ann,  the  Tincklarian  Doctor  Mitchel,  his  Speech,  to 
James,  (me)  and  all  the  Royal  Family,  July  2d,  1712." 

What  is  meant  by  "  me  "  is  not  very  intdligible. 

14.  Contains  — 

"  The  Tincklarian  Doctor  Mitchel's  Speech  concerning 
Lawful  and  unlawful  Oaths.  Dedicated  to  all  tlose  that 
hath  tender  Consciences,  but  not  the  Wool  Merciants  at 
the  Bow  Head.  I  reckon  some  of  them  hath  non«.  Some 
of  them  said  before  many  witnesses,  I  could  nit  write 
these  twelve  books  without  the  help  of  Doctor  Etcairn; 
and  they  have  no  more  convictions  than  a  Natunl  Bruit 
Beast  for  their  lies.  And  although  Doctor  Pitcarn  be  a 
wise  man  in  his  own  trade,  I  would  rather  see  hinihanged 
before  I  seek  his  help  to  write  Books,  or  any  other  Man's ; 
and  if  they  make  any  more  lyes  upon  me,  I  shall  anger 
them  worse  than  Doctor  Pitcairn  did  Mr.  Webster  for 
taking  away  his  Good  name.  And  I  think  it  is  more  a 
Minister's  Dutie  to  Reprove  their  Paroch  for  Lyin^,  than 
to  call  any  Man  an  Aithest,  and  cannot  prove  it;  but 
now  to  the  purpose." 

This  reference  to  the  Webster  controversy  is 
especially  curious.  It  arose  in  this  way :  Dr.  Pit- 
cairn  was  present  at  a  book  auction  in  Edin- 
burgh, at  which  Blounfs  Translation  of  Philo- 
stratus  and  a  fine  copy  of  the  Scriptures  were  put 
up  for  sale.  For  the  former  there  was  great 
competition,  and  the  life  of  the  impostor  realised 
a  considerable  sum,  whilst  for  the  latter  there  were 
no  bidders.  Whereupon  the  Doctor  remarked, 
this  was  quite  natural,  "  for  is  it  not  said,  Yerbum 
Dei  manet  in  ceternum  f  "  Webster  having  heard 
this  witticism,  said  the  Doctor  was  a  professed 
Deist.  This  led  to  a  law-suit,  which  ultimately 
came  before  the  Court  of  Session,  when  their 
Lordships  held,  that  as  Webster  was  willing  to 
give  reasonable  satisfaction,  it  should  be  amicably 
settled  out  of  court. 

The  argument  in  this  amusing  squabble  is  very 
graphically  given  by  Lord  Fountainhall  in  his 
Decisions,  vol  ii.  p.  756, — a  work  which,  from 
being  considered  a  mere  law  book,  is  seldom 
looked  into ;  but  one  which  Sir  Walter  Scott 
used  to  esteem  as  one  of  the  most  curious  and 
valuable  historical  records  in  relation  to  Scotish 
affairs  after  the  revolution,  extant.  The  judgment 


3*d  S.  V.  APRIL  30,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


361 


of  the  Court  in  Webster's  case  is  dated  July  16. 
1712.  He  did  not  long  survive  this  judicial 
award,  as  he  died  on  October  13,  1713.  Pitcairn 
was  a  staunch  Episcopalian,  and  an  untiring  op 
ponent  of  Calvinism.  There  is  a  poem  of  much 
wit  and  humour  by  him  called  "  Babel,"  which, 
after  remaining  more  than  a  century  in  MS.,  was 
privately  printed  for  the  Maitland  Society  by 
G-.  R.  Kinloch,  Esq.,  4to,  1830.  It  is  hardly 
necessary  to  observe  that  the  Presbyterian  leaders 
are  very  severely  handled  in  it. 

Mr.  James  Webster  was  amongst  the  most  popular 
preachers  of  his  time.  Some  of  your  readers  have 
perhaps  seen  that  strangest  of  all  preachments, 
Row's  Pochmanty  Sermon,  of  which  many  editions 
appeared  during  the  earlier  period  of  last  cen- 
tury, and  which  was  included  in  the  very  scarce 
Memorials  of  the  Family  of  Row,  small  4to,  Ste- 
venson, Edinburgh.  It  was  printed  from  an 
original  cotemporary  MS.  Mr.  Webster's  Ser- 
mons are  somewhat  similar,  and  so  were  those 
of  many  of  his  cotemporaries  which  have  been 
quoted  in  the  Scotish  Presbyterian  Eloquence  Dis- 
played. One  of  Webster's  sermons  is  before  me, 
called  "  An  Action  Sermon  preached  by  him  in 
the  Tolbooth  Kirk  on  Sabbath,  March  7,  1714, 
in  which  at  the  outset  he  says  that  Christ  made  a 
Testament,  leaving  "  the  Father  to  be  Tutor  and 
Curator  to  the  Poor  Orphans,"  "  The  Holy  Ghost 
to  be  Exequitor,  and  leaves  all  he  has  to  the 
Bairns  of  the  House."  He  was  one  of  the  ministers 
of  the  Tolbooth  Church,  Edinburgh,  and  died  on 
May  17,  1720. 

15.  Is  called  the  seventh,  eighth,  ninth,  and 
tenth  Petition. 


"  The  Great  Tincklarian  Doctor  Mitchel  to  Her  Ma- 
jesty Queen  Ann,  of  Scotland,  England,  France,  and 
Ireland,  Defender  of  my  Faith,  and  his  Faith.  Amen. 

"Now  most  mighty  Princess,  Queen  Ann,  I  must 
speake'to  you :  As  for  the  rest  of  the  world,  they  are  not 
worth  my  pains.  Now  Excellent  and  Sackred,  Great,  and 
Gracious,  Queen  Ann.  Your  Majesty  must  know  that  I 
am  the  only  well-wisher  of  your  Majesty,  and  your  Royal 
Father's  Familie,  altho  ye  take  little  notice  of  me. 

"  But,  however,  I  am  not  offended,  because  I  live  much 
upon  faith,  as  1  told  your  Majesty  the  first  Petition  I 
wrote  to  your  Majesty ;  for  what  ye  have  not  done,  I 
know  ye  will  do.  And  this  makes  me  content  Amen." 
Eight  pages,  quarto. 

The  16th  and  last  article  is,  "  The  Tincklarian 
Doctor  Mitchel's  Lamentation,  dedicated  to  James 
Steuart,  one  of  the  lloyal  Family."  4to,  four 
pages. 

I  am  not  aware  that  Mitchel  ever  attempted  to 
collect  his  subsequent  productions  into  a  volume. 
These  are  very  numerous,  and  for  the  most  part 
in  the  shape  of  broadsides  (folio).  Of  such  of 
these  as  are  in  my  library  I  propose  at  a  future 
period  to  give  some  account.  His  duodecimo 
volumes  are  not  so  numerous.  One  of  them  is  a 
sort  of  autobiography,  written  a  few  vears  before 


The  only  copy  of  it  that  has  come  under 
was  in  the  Library  of  Principal  Lee, 


his  death. 

and  was  subsequently  acquired  by  me  from  Mr. 
Braidwood,  Bookseller,  George  Street,  who  had 
discovered  it  in  a  bundle  of  pamphlets.  J.  M. 


PUBLICATION  OF  DIARIES. 
(1st  S.  xii.  142 ;  3rd  S.  v.  107,  215,  261,  303.) 

I  refer  to  the  last  article  of  the  above  by  its 
lines :  there  are  sixty  lines  in  a  column. 

(Lines  45-125,  157-159).  The  matter  novr 
stands  thus.  Reuben  Burrow,  an  able  mathe- 
matician, but  a  most  vulgar  and  scurrilous  dog, 
left  a  diary,  and  notes  in  some  of  his  books,  con- 
taining much  cursing,  obscenity,  and  slander.  An 
extractor  from  his  diary  tones  him  down  into  an 
able  but  "  somewhat  excentric  "  mathematician, 
and  gives  some  of  his  little  imputations  upon 
other  mathematicians,  without  giving  a  sufficient 
notion  of  the  dirt  which  was  left  behind.  This  is 
exposed,  for  the  sake  of  history.  The  extractor 
declares  that  he  has  given  a  proper  notion  of  the 
man,  and  produces  his  own  account  of  what  he 
had  said.  The  reader  is  now  to  compare  the  lines 
above-mentioned  with  the  account  in  3rd  S.  v.  107, 
and  he  is  then  to  judge  the  case  for  himself. 
The  extractor  does  not  impeach  the  correctness  of 
the  additional  statements  and  quotations  of  his 
critic.  And  I,  in  my  turn,  testify  that  the  ex- 
tractor has  given  his  account  of  himself  correctly 
enough,  in  the  main.  There  is  (96)  a  slight 
strengthening  of  what  he  had  said.  His  quota- 
tion from  Swale  is,  "  his  heart  was  good,  although 
his  habits  had  not  been  formed  by  the  hand  of  a 
master  " ;  this  is  not  nearly  so  strong  as  "  yet  his 
habits  were  not  justifiable,"  the  rendering  sub- 
stituted for  part  of  the  quotation.  And  (157 — 
159)  the  final  description  of  Reuben  Burrow  as  a 
"  somewhat  excentric  but  able  mathematician  " — 
which  of  itself  is  enough  to  establish  my  case  —  is 
not  repeated,  because  7  had  given  it :  so  more 
space  is  given  to  the  announcement  that  no  repe- 
tition was  wanted  than  would  have  contained  the 
repetition  itself.  He  has  swelled  his  list  by  insert- 
ing the  merest  trifles:  for  instance,  one  of  his 
proofs  that  he  gave  his  readers  a  sufficient  account 
of  Burrow's  defects  is,  that  he  added  Dr.  Button's 
name  in  italics,  in  explaining  a  sarcasm  of  Bur- 
row's. 

(25—34,  135—140.)  The  question  is  not  about 
Burrow's  opinion  of  naval  efficiency,  &c.,  but 
whether  the  man  who,  in  a  case  in  which  we  can 
^udge,  called  Lord  Howe  a  cursed  rogue,  and 
either  a  cowardly  scoundrel,  or  bribed  by^  the 
enemy  —  to  say  nothing  of  other  cases  —  is  a 
man  to  be  trusted  when  he  attacks  other  charac- 
ters. The  reader  will  observe  how  carefully  this, 
the  real  issue,  is  avoided  by  the  extractor. 


362 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'*  S.  V.  APRIL  30,  '64. 


(133.)  It  is  laid  down  that  there  is  "  some  ex- 
cuse "  for  the  imputations  which  were  deliberately 
committed  to  writing.  Let  the  reader  look  at 
the  excuse  for  the  foul  language  and  deliberate 
slander  which  the  extractor  veils  under  "  harsh 
expressions."  (125.)  Let  the  reader  also  judge 
this  probability. 

(189— 194.)  ^That  the  profits  of  authors,  &c. 
would  be  diminished,  is  no  justification  of  any 
omission  which  is  necessary  to  correct  judgment. 
And  if  those  whose  diaries  cannot  be  published 
in  a  proper  way  were  to  prohibit  such  publica- 
tion, all  the  better. 

(124.)  The  extractor  thinks  that  dots  at  the 
end  of  a  paragraph  sufficiently  indicate  a  suppres- 
sion at  twelve  lines  above  that  end. 

This  is  all  I  need  say  about  the  main  point, 
from  which  the  extractor  frequently  wanders,  and 
I  wander  after  him. 

(180 — 182.)  A  "maze  of  special  pleading  and  a 
world  of  verbiage,"  should  have  been  a  world  of 
special  pleading  and  a  maze  of  verbiage.  Wordi- 
ness may  produce  confusion,  but  special  pleading 
tends  to  discrimination.  Those  who  use  special 
pleading  as  a  cant  term  may  need  to  be  told 
that  it  ought  to  be  applied  to  the  mode  of  intro- 
ducing facts  or  making  distinctions,  and  may  be 
either  sound  or  unsound.  If  the  extractor  will 
learn  the  meaning  of  a  special  plea,  and  produce 
a  case  in  which  1  have  used  one,  I  undertake  to 
defend  it.  Verbiage  is  a  new  accusation,  as  ap- 
plied to  me:  it  means  unnecessary  number  of 
words.  Required  an  instance.  If  the  extractor 
only  picked  up  a  couple  of  epithets  out  of  the 
dictionary  of  dyslogisms,  I  can  only  say  that  I 
"^hold  him  no  philosopher  at  all"  (182.)  I  in- 
vite an  explanation  of  the  words  in  marks  of 
quotation. 

(19— 21.)^  A  misuse  of  a  simile.  When  I  looked 
into  the  quiver,  I  found  arrows  which  the  ex- 
tractor ought  to  have  discharged,  but  did  not. 
Out  of  this  neglect  I  made  other  arrows,  which  I 
used.  The  extractor  wrote  to  tell  me  where  the 
quiver  was,  in  the  same  note  in  which  he  ex- 
pressed disapprobation  (surprise}  at  my  having 
sent  one  arrow  his  way.  What  could  he  have 
meant  but  to  invite  my  criticism  ? 

(156.)  To  "cover  a  position"  is  a  military 
phrase:  it  is  done  with  infantry,  artillery,  in- 
trenchments,  &c. ;  never  with  an  umbrella.  Vol- 
taire's traveller  quieted  the  oriental  sovereign 
who  was  afraid  of  an  invasion  from  the  Pope  by 
telling  him  that  the  Papal  troops  mounted  guard 
with  umbrellas.  (154.)  Logic  and  common  sense 
are  never  at  fault :  a  person  who  tries  to  use 
them  may  be  so;  either  the  extractor  is  so,  or  I 
am. 

(166.)  Something  is  left  to  me  to  explain:  I 
cannot  do  it.  I  know  no  process  of  "  logic  "  by 
which  quotations  are  found.  This  word  fs  never 


used  by  the  extractor  without  a  misconception  : 
if  he  would  put  it  into  his  head,  he  would  not  put 
his  foot  into  it.  He  has  also  a  confusion  of  this 
kind.  I  said  I  would  give  all  I  could,  and  he 
might  find  more  if  he  could :  on  this  he  asks  how 
he  is  to  find  more,  when  he  has  found  all  he 
could  ?  I  am  sure  I  do  not  know. 

(34—38.)  Apelles  is  very  well  brought  in,  but 
with  an  incongruity.  How  came  the  Greek 
painter  to  talk  Latin  to  the  Greek  cobler  ?  The 
extractor  should  have  noted  that  though  Pliny, 
telling  the  whole  story  in  Latin,  made  Apelles 
say  ne  sutor  &c.  to  the  cobler,  it  is  grotesque  to 
make  him  still  talk  Latin  when  the  rest  of  the 
story  is  in  English.  Delambre  says  that  Alfonso 
satirised  the  Ptolemaic  system  Avith  Si  Dieu 
m  avail  consult^  &c. ;  but  who  would  make  the 
Portuguese  king  talk  French  when  the  story  is 
told  in  English  ?  The  extractor  would  have  been 
fortunate  if  he  had  hit  upon  the  other  story  of 
the  same  kind,  also  told  of  Apelles  ;  namely,  that 
he  recommended  Alexander  of  Macedon,  who 
talked  art  in  his  studio  like  a  king,  to  hold  his 
tongue,  lest  the  boys  who  were  grinding  the 
colours  should  laugh  at  him.  I  digress  to  make 
a  note.  It  flashed  across  my  mind  that  I  had 
seen  a  picture  of  this  scene ;  and  at  last  I  re- 
membered that  it  was  in  a  very  early  number  of 
the  Penny  Magazine.  There  is  an  old  design, 
said  to  be  Roman,  I  think,  representing  a  painter, 
a  grand  lord,  and  boys  grinding  colours.  If  I 
remember  right,  the  accompanying  article  did  not 
give  a  hint  of  the  meaning,  nor  state  that  it  was 
known.  But  the  picture  has  also  a  pupil  looking 
round  in  surprise,  a  pair  of  amateurs  making  quiet 
remarks  to  each  other,  and  a  goose,  or  at  least  a 
bird,  who  is  evidently  quizzing  the  whole. 

(100 — 105.)  Burrow  may  be  excused  his  ex- 
centricities,  because  another  genius  makes  puns 
with  fine  points.  Poor  punsters  have  often  been, 
abused,  but  never  was  anything  so  hardly  said  as 
that  a  diarist  who  deals  in  cursing,  obscenity, 
and  slander,  may  have  these  exhibitions  palliated 
by  the  parallel  case  of  play  on  words  with  a 
fine  point.  On  reading  this  passage,  I  came  to 
the  conclusion  that,  though  a  genius  is  spoken  of, 
7  am  the  person  satirised.  I  looked  through  my 
article,  and  not  a  pun  could  I  find.  But  as  my 
points  require  a  microscope,  I  took  a  powerful 
one,  and  still  nothing  could  I  find  except  that  I 
had  said  Lord  Howe  knew  "  how  to  manage." 
But  really  I  meant  no  pun :  had  I  descended  as 
low  as  this,  I  should  not  have  missed  saying  that 
Reuben  burrowed  in  filth.  At  last  I  found  what 
may  be  the  thing ;  but  the  power  I  had  to  put 
on  was  very  high.  In  the  same  number  in  which 
the  extractor  read  my  article,  is  another  about 
Cromwell's  head.  Is  it  possible  the  extractor 
suspects  me  of  manoeuvring  with  the  Editor  to 
get  the  two  articles  into  one  number,  that  I 


3rd  S.  V.  APRIL  30,  !64.] 


tfOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


363 


might  imply  a  controversy  was  in  progress  in 
"  N.  &  Q."  as  to  which  was  most  genuine,  Crom- 
well's head  or  Burrow's  tale ;  adding,  perhaps,  that 
the  articles  are  as  like  as  Macedon  and  Monmouth, 
for  there  are  Wilkinsons  in  both  ?  All  I  can  say 
is  that  it  was  not  my  doing,  but  that  of  the  edi- 
tor, who,  I  observe,  has  put  the  two  things  abso- 
lutely next  to  each  other  in  the  number  now 
before  me.  Is  it  possible  that  he  intended  to 
make  the  above  pun  in  private  life  ?  If  so,  MB. 
T.  T.  WILKINSON  and  I  have  spoiled  his  market ; 
that's  one  comfort. 

MR.  T.  T.  WILKINSON  was  presented,  but  not 
even  by  name,  as  an  instance  of  a  very  common 
and  "  innocent "  feeling  among  biographers,  un- 
due tenderness  towards  their  subjects.  This  was 
done  that  certain  imputations  which  a  very  foul- 
mouthed  man  had  cast  might  not  be  quoted  by 
those  who  could  not  know  what  manner  of  man 
had  made  them.  This  he  treats  as  a  "  charge  " 
and  an  attack,  and  an  offence,  and  an  arraign- 
ment :  and  he  replies,  over  and  above  his  answer 
to  the  matter,  by  a  description  of  myself,  as  a 
verbose,  special- pleading,  pun-with-fine-point- 
making,  great-gate-to-small-city-builder.  "All 
this  I  take  in  good  part,  especially  considering 
how  great  a  gate  he  has  opened  for  me  out  of 
this  small  controversy.  He  says  I  have  been 
"  attempting  to  create  matter  for  further  discus- 
sion": I  reply  that  he  shall  not  get  one  word 
more  out  of  me,  unless  he  will  give  me,  with 
obvious  knowledge  of  what  the  words  mean,  one 
instance  of  special  pleading,  and  one  instance  of 
verbiage.  But,  with  the  "verbiage,  I  challenge 
him  to  show  how  the  same  thing  should  have  been 
said  in  fewer  words.  ...  . 

(Ante,  p.  215.)  I  have  gone  beyond  the  bounds 
of  "  legitimate  criticism "  in  imputing  motive, 
namely,  tenderness  on  the  part  of  a  biographer 
towards  his  subject.  What  I  imputed  was  bias, 
not  motive ;  and  I  called  it  "  innocent."  But 
even  imputation  of  motive  is  "  legitimate "  ;  it 
may  be  wrong,  but  the  right  or  wrong  must  be 
settled  by  the  manner  in  which  the  imputation  is 
supported.  The  killing  of  men  in  open  fight  is 
"  legitimate  "  warfare ;  but  it  is  wrong  in  those 
of  the  wrong  side.  MB.  WILKINSON'S  mode  of 
reply  is  legitimate;  I  mean  his  descriptions  of 
myself :  these  descriptions  are  not  supported,  but 
he  has  a  right  to  them,  if  he  think  them  true. 
And  such  descriptions  are  not  only  legitimate, 
but  in  MR.  WILKINSON'S  case  are  also  right : 
whatever  the  wrong  side  does  to  put  itself  in  the 
wrong  is  right. 

Here  I  end.  I  have  done  the  good  I  intended 
to  do,  and  have  had  most  effectual  help. 

A.  DE  MORGAN. 


PRE-DEATH  COFFINS  AND  MONUMENTS. 
(3rd  S.  v.  255.) 

Your  correspondent  A.  J.  has  mentioned  some 
curious  instances  of  eccentricity  relating  to  pre- 
death  coffins.  I  can  add  a  remarkable  case 
coming  within  my  own  knowledge.  Dr.  Fidge, 
a  physician  of  the  old  school,  who  in  early 
days  had  accompanied  the  Duke  of  Clarence 
(afterwards  William  IV.)  when  a  midshipman,  as 
medical  attendant,  possessed  a  favourite  boat ;  and, 
upon  his  retirement  from  Portsmouth  Dock  yard, 
where  he  held  an  appointment,  had  this  boat  con- 
verted into  a  coffin,  with  the  stern  piece  fixed  at 
its  head.  This  coffin  he  kept  under  his  bed  for 
many  years.  Though  eccentric,  the  Doctor  was 
a  most  benevolent  and  sensible  man,  and  lived  to 
an  old  age.  I  could  mention  many  of  his  quaint 
sayings,  but  they  would  be  out  of  place  here. 
Amongst  other  things,  however,  he  often  related 
with  much  pride  that  his  mother  was  one  of  the 
last  descendants  of  the  Pendrill  family,  the  pro- 
tectors of  Charles  II. 

The  circumstances  of  the  Doctor's  death  were 
very  remarkable.  The  late  Sir  Stephen  Gaselee 
and  my  father  were  his  executors.  Feeling  his 
end  approaching,  and  desiring  to  add  a  codicil  to 
his  will,  he  sent  for  my  father.  On  entering  his 
chamber,  he  found  him  suffering  from  a  paroxysm 
of  pain,  but  which  soon  ceased :  availing  himself 
of  the  temporary  ease  to  ask  him  how  he  felt, 
he  replied,  smiling,  "  I  feel  as  easy  as  an  old 
shoe  ;"  and  looking  towards  the  nurse  in  attend- 
ance, said,  "  Just  pull  my  legs  straight,  and  place 
me  as  a  dead  man ;  it  will  save  you  trouble 
shortly."  Words  which  he  had  scarcely  uttered, 
before  he  calmly  died.  Probably  there  are  few 
cases  on  record  of  such  self-possession  when  in 
extremis. 

In  regard  to  pre-death  epitaphs,  inscriptions 
are  sometimes  placed  upon  tombs  in  anticipation 
of  the  decease  of  the  person  to  be  commemorated. 
An  estimable  prelate  of  the  English  Church  (may 
his  death  be  far  distant),  has  the  inscription  he 
desires  incised  upon  his  tomb,  wanting  only  the 
date  of  his  decease  to  be  filled  in  I 

BENJ.  FERRET. 


The  practice  of  having  a  monument  erected  to 
one's  memory  before  death  would  seem  to  be  at 
least  as  old  as  the  times  of  the  Stuarts,  if  the 
following  account  is  to  be  believed.  It  is  copied 
from  a  New  Guide  to  the  City  of  Gloucester,  pub- 
lished about  1816:  — 

In  the  cathedra],  "  near  the  great  door,  at  the  bottom 
of  the  body  of  the  church,  is  a  marble  monument  for 
John  Jones,  Esq.,  dressed  in  the  robes  of  an  alderman, 
painted  with  different  colours.  Underneath  the  effigy, 
on  a  tablet  of  black  marble,  are  the  following  words :  — 

" «  John  Jones,  Alderman,  thrice  Mayor  of  this  City ; 
Burgess  of  the  Parliament  at  the  time  of  the  Gunpowder 


364 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3**  S.  V.  APRIL  30,  '64. 


Treason  ;   Registrar  to    eight  several  Bishops  of  this 
Diocese.' 

"  He  died  in  the  sixth  year  of  the  reign  of  King  Charles, 
June  1,  1630.  He  gave  orders  for  his  monument  to  be 
erected  in  his  life-time :  when  the  workmen  had  fixed  it 
up,  he  found  fault  with  it,  by  remarking  that  the  nose 
was  too  red.  While  they  were  altering  it,  he  walked  up 
and  down  the  body  of  the  church.  He  then  said  that  he 
had  himself  almost  finished :  so  he  paid  off  the  workmen, 
and  died  the  next  morning." 

H.  B. 


In  John  Dunkin's  History  of  Dartford,  p.  94, 
is  an  account  of  the  discovery  of  a  Roman  stone 
coffin  in  1822  in  a  field,  the  property  of  Mr.  Lan- 
dale.  It  was  the  intention  of  Mr.  Landale  to  be 
himself  buried  in  that  coffin,  and  for  that  purpose 
he  sent  it  to  a  Mr.  Watson,  a  stonemason,  to  have 
the  lid  repaired  :  but,  as  the  coffin  weighed  above 
two  tons,  the  stonemason,  wishing  to  improve 
upon  his  Roman  predecessor's  labours,  very  ela- 
borately pared  the  outside,  and  excavated  the  in- 
terior, until,  to  the  great  annoyance  of  Mr. 
Landale,  he  had  destroyed  the  whole  of  the  arch- 
ffiological  character  of  the  coffin.  I  need  not  add 
that  Mr.  Landale  was  not  buried  in  this  sarco- 
phagus. A.  J.  DUNKIN. 

Dartford. 

An  instance  of  this  is  given  in  my  note  on  Job 
Orton,  of  the  "  Bell  Inn,"  Kidderminster,  in  the 
First  Series  of  this  work,  viii.  59.  His  tomb- 
stone, with  an  epitaphic  couplet,  was  erected  by 
him  in  the  parish  churchyard  (where  it  may  still 
be  seen),  and  his  coffin  was  used  by  him  for  a 
wine-bin  until  it  should  be  required  for  another 
purpose.  CUTHBERT  BEDE. 


JUDICIAL  COMMITTEE  OF  PRIVY  COUNCIL  (3rd 
S.  v.  267.) — As  your  correspondent  says,  the  pre- 
lates were  only  assesso?'s  in  the  Gorham  case :  it 
is  clear  from  the  preamble  to  the  judgment  that 
the  judgment  was  that  of  the  lawyers,  which  was 
sent  to  the  prelates  to  read.  It  is  equally  clear, 
that  in  the  recent  cases  the  prelates  were  mem- 
bers of  the  Committee,  and  parties  to  the  judg- 
ment. All  the  cases  come  under  the  same  acts  of 
Parliament,  by  which  bishops  are  distinctly  added 
to  the  Committee  in  cases  of  heresy.  How  came 
the  bishops  to  be  only  assessors  in  the  Gorham 
case  ?  A.  DE  MORGAN. 

CONSONANTS  IN  WELSH  (1st  S.  ix.  271,  472.) — 
I  beg  to  state,  that  having  long  been  convinced 
the  opinion  expressed  by  Professor  Newman  and 
Mr.  Borrow  on  the  pronunciation  of  the  Welsh  II  is 
erroneous,  I  have  solicited  the  judgment  of  a 
Welsh  friend,  which  I  now  propose  to  subjoin  to 
extracts  from  the  writers  above  referred  to  : 

"  The  Rev.  Mr.  Garnett,  who  has  so  profitably  and 
seasonably  directed  attention  to  the  Welsh  language  as  a 


great  source  —  which  had  been  sneered  down,  because  of 
the  too  warm  enthusiasm  of  Welsh  etymologists  in  past 
ages  —  denies  that  //  has  any  known  equivalent  in  other 
tongues;  and  says  that  it  is  to  our  /,  as  our  th  to  t. 
(London  Philolog.  Soc.,  vol.  ii.  p.  258,  year  1846.)  I 
can  only  say  that,  again  and  again,  when  I  have  pro- 
nounced Llangollen,  and  various  other  Welsh  words,  to 
natives  of  North  Wales,  giving  to  II  exactly  the  utter- 
ance which  the  Greeks  give  to  %*,  I  have  been  assured 
that  my  pronunciation  is  perfect,  and  could  not  be  dis- 
tinguished from  that  of  a  native.  Nor  does  my  ear  de- 
tect the  slightest  difference  between  the  native  Welsh 
utterance  of  //,  and  the  native  Greek  of  %*.  But  possibly 
there  is  some  variety  among  the  Welsh  themselves."  — 
F.  W.  Newman,  Classical  Museum,  vi.  330. 

I  have  not  access  at  present  to  Mr.  Borrow's 
Walks  in  Wild  Wales,  but  it  will  be  sufficient  to 
mention  that,  in  illustration  of  his  utterance  of 
the  II,  he  instances  Machynlleth,  "  pronounced  as 
if  spelt  Machyncleth." 

"Any  theories  that  make  the  Welsh  II  equiva- 
lent to  x^  in  Greek,  or  that  make  it  in  any  other 
way  a  compound  sound,  are  I  believe  essentially 
mistakes.  The  test  of  its  being  correctly  pro- 
nounced, is,  that  the  sound  is  not  compound,  but 
simple  and  one :  '  Servetur  ad  imum  Qualis  ab 
incepto  processerit.'  In  Shakspeare,  we  have  the 
labial  aspirate  joined  to  Z,  as  in  a  recent  author 
we  have  the  guttural  suggested.  In  my  own 
experience,  the  dental  th  is  more  frequently  pre- 
fixed to  I  by  English  strangers.  But  the  fact  that 
the  sound  is  a  compound  sound,  is  its  condem- 
nation. The  etymological  relations  between  Welsh 
and  Latin  are  very  curious  as  regards  II]  but 
they  involve  too  many  features  of  a  language 
little  known  to  the  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  to  be 
properly  developed  at  length  in  a  communication 
to  that  most  valuable  periodical. 

"  It  is  a  little  curious  that  Mr.  Borrow,  who  has 
done  a  Welsh  book  the  honour  of  translating  it 
into  English,  has  entirely  misapprehended  the 
meaning  of  its  title.  He  calls  it,  I  believe,  *  The 
Sleeping  Bard.'  The  Welsh  of  which  word  is 
not  *y  Bardd  Cwsg,'  but  y  Barrd  yn  Cysgu. 
Ellis  Wyn  took  the  odd  title  of  an  old  poet,  to 
whom  he  refers  in  the  Second  Vision,  *  The  Bard 
Sleep,1  or  Vates  Sotnnus" 

BlBLIOTHECAR.    CHETHAM. 

P.S.  In  my  last  communication,  "  The  Earth 
a  Living  Animal,"  when  referring  to  Maximus 
Tyrius,  Dissert,  viii.,  I  should  have  added,  in 
some  editions  Dissert,  xxxviii.  Pro  Theologie  de 
1'Eau  lege  Hydrotheologiae  Sciagraphia. 

COMET  OF  1531  (3rd  S.  v.  114.)— The  following 
is  the  allusion  of  Luther  to  this  comet,  to  which 
H.  B.  refers  :  — 

"  Apud  nos  cometa  ad  occidentem  in  angulo  adparet 
(ut  mea  fert  astronomia)  tropici  cancri  et  coluri  sequi- 
noctiorum,  cujus  cauda  pertingit  ad  medium  usque  inter 
tropicum  [et?]  ursce  caudam.  Nihil  boni  significat. 
Christus  regnet,  Amen.  18  August!,  MDXXXI."  [To 
Wensceslaus  Link.] 

L^ELIUS. 


3**  S.  V.  APRIL  30,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


365 


KING  CHARLES  II.'s  ILLEGITIMATE  CHILDREN 
(3rd  S.  v.  211,  289.)— Barbara,  Duchess  of  Cleve- 
land, is  accurately  designated  by  her  maiden  sur- 
name Villiers  (instead  of  Palmer,  that  of  her 
husband).  In  the  patent  creating  her  Baroness 
Nonsuch,  Countess  of  Southampton,  and  Duchess 
of  Cleveland,  for  life,  she  is  so  called.  Neither  is 
it  strictly  correct  to  account  (No.  7)  Anne,  Coun- 
tess of  Sussex,  as  one  of  the  king's  children.  This 
lady,  born  Feb.  29,  1661,  is  described  as  Anne 
Palmer  in  her  marriage  settlement ;  and  was  a 
daughter  by  adoption  only,  whom  the  king  ac- 
knowledged in  public,  but  not  in  private. 

HENRY  M.  VANE. 

SWALLOWS  (3rd  S.  v.  259.)  —  It  is  generally 
believed  in  many  parts  of  Greece  and  Turkey,  by 
the  lower  class  of  the  people,  that  a  death  will  un- 
doubtedly happen  to  one  or  more  members  *of  that 
family  on  whose  house  swallows  build  their  nest, 
a  few  hours  before  their  migration,  and  that  the 
spirits  of  the  departed  will  go  away  with  them ; 
for  which  reason  they  are  considered  as  holy  birds. 
According  to  another  tradition,  the  hair  of  the 
person  who  kills  one  of  them  will  fall  from  his 
head.  RHODOCANAKIS. 

ENIGMA  (3rd  S.  v.  309.)— In  reply  to  your  cor- 
respondent F.  C.  H.,  there  can  be  no  doubt  that 
the  lines  are  hexameters ;  perhaps  intended  for 
rude  leonines,  and  should  read  thus :  — 

"  Quinque  sumus  fratres,  sub  eodem  terapore  nati, 
Bini  barbati,  bini  sine  crine  creati, 
Quintus  habet  barbam,  sed  tantum  dimidiatam,"— 

which  is  an  exact  description  of  the  rose  in  ques- 
tion. Bini  often  means  two  simply,  especially  in 
such  loose  Latin  as  this.  I  never  heard  of  bini 
meaning  four,  as  F.  C.  H.  wishes  to  make  it.  Its 
proper  meaning  is,  two  each,  or,  two  in  each  case  ; 
and  not  two  and  two,  in  the  sense  of  two  +  two. 
In  the  line  cited  by  F.  C.  H.  from  Terence's 
Phormio  (v.  3,  6) — "  ex  his  prajdiis  bina  talenta" — 
does  not  mean  "  two  talents  from  each  of  two 
farms,"  but  "two  talents  every  year  from  that 
property."  There  is  nothing  about  "  two  farms" 
expressed  in  bina.  But  I  hope  F.  C.  II.  will  ^see 
that  the  second  line,  as  emended,  means  "  two 
with  hair,  two  without ;"  and  not  that  "  two  and 
two,  i.  e.  four  have  beards,  but  were  born  without 
hair" 

Allow  me,  in  addition  to  what  I  have  said  above, 
to  bring  Virgil  as  an  instance  of  using  bina,  not 
as  "  two  and  two,"  but  as  two  each  :  — 

" .        .        .        Pars  spicula  gestat 
Bina  manu." — JEn,,  vii.  687. 

F.  C.  H.,  I  suppose,  would  say  this  means  that 
each  man  carries  four  darts,  two  in  each  hand  ; 
but  there  can  be  no  doubt  it  means,  that  each 
soldier  carried  two  in  his  hand. 

ALFRED  TUCKER. 

Blackheath. 


"AUREA    VINCENTI,"  ETC.    (3rd    S.    V.    297.)— I 

think  there  can  be  no  doubt  that  the  inscription — 

"  Aurea  vincenti  detur  mercede  corona; 
Cantat  (cantet  ?)  et  acterno  carmina  digna  Deo," — 

is  derived  from  chap.  iii.  v.  21  of  the  Apocalypse 
of  St.  John,  which  stands  thus  in  the  Latin  Vul- 
gate :  — 

"  Qui  vicerit,  dabo  ei  sedere  mecum  in  throno  meo : 
sicut  et  ego  vici,  et  sedi  cum  Patre  meo  in  throno  ejus." 

F.  C.  H. 

STUM  ROD  (3rd  S.  v.  299.)  — To  stum,  is  to  put 
ingredients  into  wine  to  revive  it,  and  make  it 
brisk.  Burton,  then,  probably  meant  that  the  old 
scholar  could  show  a  rod,  as  his  instrument  for 
making  his  scholars  brisk  at  their  studies,  and  re- 
viving their  slumbering  capabilities.  F.  C.  H. 

FONT  AT  CHELMORTON  (3rd  S.  v.  299.)  — I  am 
inclined  to  interpret  the  mysterious  letters  thus  : — 

%  0  t  *  eft   *  I  m. 

>£  O  Trinitas  sancta  et  benedicta  semper  laudatum 
mysterium,  or  laudabilis  mundo. 

But,  with  the  Editor  of  "  N.  &  Q,,"  I  regret 
that  no  rubbing  has  been  given  ;  and  the  more  as, 
in  the  Ecclesiologist  (vol.  v.  p.  264),  the  letters 
were  differently  arranged,  no  initial  cross  prefixed, 
and  a  letter  added  after  the  s.  To  ask  a  solution 
without  giving  the  puzzle  correctly,  is  as  trying 
as  the  king  of  Babylon's  demand,  and  would  re- 
quire a  second  Daniel.  F.  C.  H. 

POSTERITY  OF  CHARLEMAGNE  (3rd  S.  v.  270.)— 
The  paper  of  HERMENTRUDE  appears  to  me  to 
leave  the  question  still  involved  in  some  degree  of 
obscurity.  Mezeray  is  quoted  as  speaking  (in  a 
somewhat  doubtful  manner)  of  two  sons  of  Charles, 
Duke  of  Lorraine,  by  his  second  wife  —  their 
names  being  Hugh  and  Louis.  It  is  to  be  col- 
lected that  this  Hughlva.s  sometimes  had  the  name  of 
Charles  attributed  to  him.  And,  in  Koch's  Genea- 
logical Tables  (1780),  I  find  two  sons  given  to 
Charles,  Duke  of  Lorraine— Louis  and  Charles ; 
with  a  note,  however,  to  the  following  effect :  "  On 
ne  connoit  point  le  sort  de  ces  deux  Princes." 
Capital  names  these,  one  would  think,  for  an  ex- 
pert genealogist  to  lay  hold  of  to  stick  at  the  head 
of  a  pedigree.  It  appears,  however,  by  what 
HERMENTRUDE  says,  that  there  has  been  com- 
monly assigned  to  Charles,  Duke  of  Lorraine, 
another  son  (not  mentioned  by  Koch),  Wigerius 
by  name  ;  whose  son,  Baldwin  Teutonicus,  is  re- 
presented as  being  the  common  ancestor  of  the 
families  of  Warrenne,  Mortimer,  and  De  Courcy. 
I  should,  however,  be  glad  to  know  what  autho- 
rity there  is  for  the  existence  of  such  a  person  as 
Wigerius,  son  of  Charles,  Duke  of  Lorraine. 

MELETES. 

HYMNS  BY  JOHN  HOY  (3rd  S.  v.  238.)— With 
reference  to  A.  G.'s  remarks  as  to  the  authorship 


366 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  s.  v.  APRIL  30,  '64. 


of  certain  Hymns,  printed  by  Galbraith  of  Edin- 
burgh in  1777,  it  seems  to  me  that  he  is  quite 
right  in  attributing  the  work  to  the  pious  John 
Hoy,  of  Gattonside  village.  I  have  an  earlier 
edition  now  before  me,  1774,  and  can  see  nothing 
in  it  to  indicate  that  the  Duke  of  Roxburghe  had 
any  share  in  their  composition.  The  hyrnnolo- 
gist's  son,  John  Hoy,  jun.,  as  A.  G.  states,  also 
wrote  poetry — a  posthumous  volume  of  his  bu- 
colics, and  other  poems,  having  been  published  in 
1781  ;  but,  during  his  life,  the  juvenile  Hoy  had 
issued  some  of  his  poetry,  which  I  suppose  was 
well  received,  and  warranted  his  friends  in  trying 
the  posthumous  volume ;  to  which  are  appended 
the  names  of  upwards  of  two  hundred  subscribers, 
some  of  great  note ;  but  I  do  not  find  the  Duke  of 
Roxburghe' s  name  in  the  list,  which  it  probably 
would  have  been  had  his  grace  been  connected 
with  the  Patriarchal  Hoy's  work. 

The  celebrated  book  collector  and  collator  of 
the  Black  Acts  of  1566,  was  the  Duke,  at  the  time 
the  Hoys  wrote,  and  for  some  time  afterwards  ; 
but  I  never  heard  that  his  grace  was  a  poet, 
though  in  his  library,  sold  in  1812,  were  some 
very  curious  and  scarce  old  poetical  works  which 
brought  almost  fabulous  prices.  W.  R.  C. 

THOMAS  MOKE  MOLYNEUX  (3rd  S.  v.  298.)  — 
In  Manning  and  Bray's  History  of  Surrey  (vol.  i. 
pp.  97,  98),  this  gentleman  is  called  Thomas  More 
Molyneux,  and  not  Sir  Thomas  More  Molyneux, 
as  he  is  called  in  Brayley  and  Britton's  History 
(i.  415),  cited  by  S.  Y.  R.  According  to  Man- 
ning and  Bray  (vol.  i.  p.  68),  his  epitaph  in  St. 
Nicholas's  Church,  Guildford,  is  as  follows:  — 

"  Sacred  to  the  memory  of  THOMAS  MORE  MOLYNEUX, 
second  son,  and  (by  the  death  of  his  elder  brother  James) 
heir  of  Sir  More  Molyneux,  Knt.,  by  Dame  Cassandra 
his  wife.  He  was  a  Colonel  and  Major  of  the  Third 
Regiment  of  Foot  Guards;  represented  the  Borough  of 
Haslemere  in  four  several  Parliaments;  and,  having 
served  his  country  in  the  Senate  and  Field  with  un- 
blemished integrity  and  honour,  died  3  Oct.  1776,  in  the 
fifty-third  year  of  his  age." 

This  epitaph  is  not  mentioned  in  Brayley  and 
Britton's  History.  Perhaps  the  prefix  Sir  is  an 
error.  It  seems  most  likely  that  the  epitaph 
would  mention  Thomas  More  Molyneux's  real 

ra"k-  W.  J.  TILL. 

Croydon. 

ROYAL  CADENCY  (3rd  S.  v.213, 310.)— John  III. 
de  Dreux,  (Le  Bon)  Duke  of  Brittany  and  Earl 
of  Richemont,  died  at  Caen  April  30,  1341  (not 
1342.)  See  Dom.  Morice,  liv.  iv. ;  D.  Lobineau, 
liv.  viii. ;  Moreri.  Bretagne-Pierre  (Mauclerc)  de 
Dreux  bore — chequy  or  and  azure,  a  canton  er- 
mine, bordure  gules  (1230).  John  II.  a  shield 
ermine  (1297).  "W.  H.  P. 

DE  FOE  AND  DR.  LIVINGSTONE  (3rd  S.  v.  281.) 
H.  C.  "  thinks  it  nearly  certain  that  the  former 
must  have  been  acquainted  with  some  traveller 


who  had  crossed  the  southern  part  of  the  African 
continent,  and  had  seen  the  Victoria  Fall." 

This  is  probable,  because  I  am  informed  by  a 
scientific  friend  and  voyager,  who,  many  years 
ago,  when  at  Fernando  Po,  on  the  west  coast  of 
Africa,  learnt  that  it  was  not  very  uncommon  to 
meet  there  with  a  person  who  had  traversed  the 
African  continent. 

On  the  return  to  England  of  Dr.  Livingstone, 
a  needless  fuss  was  made  about  his  having  passed 
from  Loauda  on  the  Atlantic,  to  Quilimane  on 
the  Indian  Ocean ;  this,  no  doubt,  was  worthy  of 
much  praise,  anymore  gratification  for  his  having 
effected  it  in  safety.  I  believe,  however,  before 
him,  by  two  years,  a  Portuguese  merchant,  named 
Silva  Perto,  made  a  like  journey.  He  set  forth 
from  the  West  Coast  at  Benguela,  about  4°  of  lat. 
south  4of  Loanda,  and  arrived  at  the  eastern 
coast,  at  Cape  Delgado.  His  route  is  described 
by  Mr.  James  Macqueen  in  vol.  xxx.  of  the 
Journal  of  the  Royal  Geographical  Society,  and 
from  the  accompanying  map,  his  line  of  march 
with  his  Arab  companions — who  had  previously 
come  to  Benguela  on  the  Atlantic,  from  the  coast 
of  Zanguebar  —  can  be  compared  with  the  late 
journey  of  Dr.  Livingstone. 

De  Foe,  as  he  most  likely  founded  his  story  of 
bold  Capt.  Singleton's  adventures  in  Africa  on 
some  facts,  made  his  hero  pass  over  that  great 
continent  from  the  Indian  Ocean  in  about  12°  35' 
south  lat.  to  the  coast  of  Angola  on  the  Atlantic. 
The  author  also  takes  the  Captain  to  "  a  great 
waterfall,  or  cataract,  enough  to  frighten  him," 
which  H.  C.  suggests  may  be  the  Victoria  Fall, 
recently  described  and  figured  by  Livingstone. 
This  discovery  may  have  been  then  made  known, 
i.e.  in  1720,  by  the  report  of  some  Portuguese  or 
Arab  traders  from  Africa ;  although  De  Foe  may 
have  had  the  Falls  of  Niagara,  or  'other  great 
cataract,  in  his  mind,  when  he  wrote  his  novel. 
Moreover,  the  author  mentions  "  the  Great  Lake, 
or  inland  of  the  sea,  which  the  natives  call  Coal- 
mucoa,  out  of  which,  it  is  said,  the  river  Nile  has 
its  source,  or  beginning."  I  may  add  that  it  is 
extremely  likely  that,  about  1710 — 20,  some  re- 
cent notice  of  the  wonders  of  the  central  portion 
of  Africa  had  arrived  in  this  country  from  the 
Portuguese  settlers,  and  which  De  Foe  made  the 
foundation  of  his  natural  and  interesting  descrip- 
tions. VIATOR. 

A  BOLL  or  BDRKE'S  (3rd  S.  v.  212,  267.)  —  If 
LORD  LYTTELTON'S  citation  from  Bishop  King  be 
remembered,  namely,  that  Burke's  speeches  were 
printed  from  bad  notes,  confused  and  illegible, 
there  is  no  difficulty.  The  point  which  arises  is 
one  which  .1  have  treated  elsewhere,  but  few  of 
your  readers  will  have  seen  what  I  have  written. 
Burke  gave  himself  a  complete  education  in  logic 
and  metaphysics;  and  the  first  we  hear  of  him, 
after  leaving  Trinity  College,  Dublin  —  in  which 


3'd  S.  V.  APRIL  30,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


367 


iogic  was  studied  then,  as'now — is  as  an  applicant 
for  a  professorship  of  logic  at  Glasgow.  Probably 
he  gave  something  a  little  more  technical  than  his 
reporter  could  easily  follow.  If  for  integral  we 
read  component  there  will  be  no  difficulty.  The 
word  part  has  always  been  used  in  two  senses. 
First,  there  are  parts  which  are  aggregated  into  a 
whole,  as  twelve  inches  into  a  foot,  or  several 
different  species  into  a  genus.  In  these  cases  the 
schoolmen  said  there  were  paries  extra  paries. 
Secondly,  there  are  parts  which  I  affirm  are  more 
correctly  said  to  be  compounded  into  a  whole  : 
thus,  a  bar  of  iron  has  bulk  and  weight  among 
the  parts  of  the  notion;  the  notion  man  has  animal 
and  rational  for  parts.  To  this  day  the  logicians 
speak  of  a  compound  notion  as  the  sum  of  its  com- 
ponents ;  and  thus  they  foster  modes  of  speaking 
which  Burke  may  have  adopted,  modes  of  speak- 
ing which  a  reporter  may  easily  misunderstand. 

The  illustration  which  Burke  uses  is  a  correct 
one  according  to  the  law  of  his  day,  which  took 
every  man  to  be  of  the  State  form  of  religion,  non- 
conformity being  only  tolerated.  On  this  assump- 
tion the  Church  and  the  State  are  one  and  the 
same,  just  as  the  thing  which  has  bulk  and  the 
thing  which  has  weight  are  one  and  the  same  bar 
of  iron.  Call  the  space  occupied  by  a  particle  a 
portion  of  the  State,  and  its  weight  a  portion  of 
the  Church,  and  the  parallel  is  very  complete.  To 
make  his  meaning  visible,  he  is  obliged  to  remind 
his  hearers  that  "  Church  "  and  "  Clergy  "  are  not 
convertible  terms,  but  that  the  laity  are  part  of 
the  Church.  And  here  he  is  very  properly  made 
to  say  that  the  laity  are  an  "  essential  integral 
part "  of  the  Church.  The  word  for  is  probably 
the  reporter's  doing.  The  sentence  which  it  be- 
gins does  not  apply  to  what  precedes  as  a  whole ; 
but  merely  corrects  a  misapprehension  which 
might  obscure  a  part  of  it.  Even  in  our  day,  writers 
on  the  "  Church "  are  obliged  to  remind  their 
readers  that  the  lay  body  forms  a  part  of  the 
Church ;  a  thing  the  laity  have  nearly  forgotten. 
When  a  man  takes  orders,  he  is  said  to  "  go  into 
the  Church,"  and  "  churchman "  is,  in  historical 
writing,  a  synonyme  for  "  priest,"  or  "  clergyman." 

A.  DE  MORGAN. 

JEREMIAH  HORROCKS  (3rd  S.  v.  173.) — The 
point  has  received  some  attention.  A  few  years 
ago,  an  addition  was  made  to  the  church  at  Hoole 
in  which  Horrocks  officiated,  with  a  memorial 
window.  The  Rev.  Rob.  Brickel,  rector  of  Hoole, 
the  chief  promoter  of  the  subscription,  took  all 
pains  to  collect  facts  connected  with  Horrocks, 
but  did  not  succeed  in  fixing  the  period  of  his 
birth.  He  suggests  "  1616  or  1619,"  and  1616,  as 
the  latest  date,  has  almost  unanswerable  reason. 

It  is  hardly  possible  to  doubt  that  Horrocks  was 
an  officiating  curate  in  1639,  which  he  could  not 
have  been  at  twenty  years  of  age.  He  describes 


himself  as  obliged  to  leave  his  telescope  on  the 
morning  of  Sunday,  Nov.  24,  1639,  at  the  moment 
when  he  was  watching  for  the  transit  of  Mercury 
over  the  Sun,  which  he  had  predicted,  and  which 
no  human  eye  had  ever  seen.  The  transit  might 
have  occurred — though  it  did  not — while  he  was 
at  church.  He  describes  himself  as  "  ad  majora 
avocatus  quse  utique  ob  hjec  pererga  negligi  non 
decuit."  A  mere  parishioner  would  have  stayed 
away:  a  new  astronomical  phenomenon,  and  a 
thing  of  once  in  scores  of  years,  would  have  been 
sufficient  excuse.  He  must  have  been  the  officiat- 
ing clergyman  at  that  time,  as  he  certainly  was 
afterwards.  He  had  no  particular  connexion  with 
Hoole  before  he  was  ordained  to  its  curacy ;  and 
the  mere  fact  of  his  residing  there  at  any  given 
date  is  a  strong  presumption  of  his  being  then  in 
orders.  Mr.  Whatton  remarks  that  the  bisho 
were  not  so  strict  about  the  age  of  ordination  two 
centuries  ago  as  they  are  now.  But  Horrocks  had 
no  particular  interest  or  influence ;  and  it  is  far 
easier  to  believe  that  a  6  should  have  been  inverted 
by  a  printer  than  that  as  much  as  three  years  should 
have  been  remitted  by  a  bishop,  even  in  that  day. 
To  this  may  be  added  that  Horrocks  had  an 
amount  of  astronomical  reading  which  is  wonderful 
enough  in  a  youth  of  twenty-three,  but  almost  in- 
credible in  a  youth  of  twenty.  A.  DE  MORGAN.  • 

REV.  DAVID  LAMONT  (3rd  S.  iv.  498 ;  v.  22.)— 
The  Rev.  David  Lamont,  D.D.,  minister  of  the 
parish  of  Kirkpatrick-Dunham,  in  Dumfriesshire, 
died  on  the  7th  of  January,  1837,  in  the  eighty- 
fifth  year  of  his  age,  at  Durham  Hill.  With  re- 
ference to  his  having  been  Moderator  of  the 
General  Assembly  of  the  Church  of  Scotland,  in 
1822,  during  the  year  of  King  George  IV.'s  visit 
to  Scotland,  and  preaching  before  that  monarch, 
I  recollect  a  clerical  jeu  d1  esprit  current  at  the 
time,  and  which  was  told  me  many  years  after- 
wards by  one  who  had  heard  it  himself.  It  was  a 
pun  on  the  Rev.  Doctor's  name ;  and  also,  I  fancy, 
on  his  character  in  some  way  :  for  the  expression 
used  was,  that  "  he  was  a  lamentable  Moderator ! " 

A.  S.  A. 
Cawnpore,  East  Indies. 

ORIGINAL  UNPUBLISHED  LETTER  OF  THE  FATHER 
OF  THE  AUTHOR  OF  "  THE  GRAVE  "  (3rd  S.  iv. 
426 — 427.)— In  the  above  Note,  the  writer  has 
fallen  into  a  few  errors  with  regard  to  the  dates 
of  the  deaths  of  both  Sir  Hugh  Campbell  of  Caw- 
dor,  and  of  his  son  Sir  Alexander.  The  latter 
predeceased  his  father,  dying  August  27,  1697,  at 
Islay;  and  the  former  survived  till  March  11, 
1716,  at  his  seat  of  Cawdor  Castle,  in  Nairnshire, 
N.B.  Sir  Alexander  married,  in  1689,  Elizabeth, 
only  daughter  of  Sir  John  Lort,  first  baronet  (so 
created  July  15,  1662,)  of  Stackpoole  Court, 
Pembrokeshire,  by  his  wife  Lady  Susannah  Holies 
(who  died  in  1710),  fourth  daughter  of  John, 


368 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  V.  APRIL  30,  '64. 


second  Earl  of  Clare  ;  which  lady  eventually  be- 
came heir  to  Sir  Gilbert,  second  and  last  baro- 
net;  who  died  unmarried  Sept.  19,  1698,  aged 
twenty-eight,  when  the  title  became  extinct ;  but 
the  estates  passed  to  her,  and  are  still  in  the  pos- 
session of  her  descendant,  the  present  Earl  Caw- 
dor.  Lady  Campbell  was  alive  in  the  end  of  the 
year  1715,  as  appears  by  a  letter  from  old  Sir 
Hugh.  George^  not  "  John,"  fourth  and  youngest 
•son,  was  a  Captain  in  Lord  Mark  Ker's  regiment ; 
married  Ruth  Pollock;  and  fell  at  the  battle  of 
Almanza,  in  Spain,  April  14,  1707.  These  cor- 
rections are  made  chiefly  from  "  The  Book  of  the 
Thanes  of  Caiodor ;  a  Series  of  Papers  selected 
from  the  Charter  Room  at  Cawdor,  1236—1742," 
which  was  edited  by  Mr.  Cosmo  Innes,  and  printed 
for  the  Spalding  Club  in  1859.  To  this  work, 
apparently,  J.  M.  had  no  opportunity  of  reference. 

A.  S.  A. 
Cawnpore,  East  Indies. 

SENECA'S  PROPHECY  (3rd  S.  v.  298.) — Your 
correspondent  C.  P.  wishes  to  know  the  supposed 
prophecy  of  Seneca  about  the  New  World.  He 
will  find  it  in  the  Medea,  Act  II.,  at  the  close  of 
the  choral  songs ;  it  runs  thus  :  — 

" .        •        •        Venient  annis 
Secula  seris,  quibus  Oceanus 
Vincula  rerum  laxet,  et  iiigens  ' 
Pateat  tellus,  Tiphysque  novos 
Detegat  orbes,  nee  sit  terris 
Ultima  Thule." 

Or,  as  Wheelwright  profusely  renders  it :  — 
"  Lo !  as  the  unborn  years  arise, 

What  triumphs  swell  the  voice  of  Fame ! 
What  notes  of  glory  rend  the  skies, 

And  hymn  the  fearless  Pilot's  name ! 
Taught  by  his  art,  what  vessels  roam 
Unnumber'd  o'er  the  yielding  foam, 

To  search  in  earth  anew : 
Bounded  no  more  by  Thule's  coast, 
Lo  \^  the  drear  realms  of  op'ning  frost 
Unfold  their  worlds  to  view." 

E.  C. 

ERRONEOUS  MONUMENTAL  INSCRIPTIONS  IN 
BRISTOL  (3rrt  S.  v.  289.)— After  reading  the  ac- 
count in  the  Gentleman's  Magazine,  referred  to 
by  DUNELMENSIS,  I  am  inclined  to  believe  he  is  in 
error  as  to  the  identity  of  Colonel  John  Porter 
with  the  individual  there  mentioned.  If,  there- 
fore, he  will  kindly  furnish  corroborative  evi- 
dence of  his  statement,  he  will  confer  a  benefit  on 
the  readers  of  «  N.  &  Q."  The  person  who  died 
in  Castle  Rushen  was  named  John  B.  Porter,  and 
there  is  nob  the  slightest  allusion  to  his  having 
been  in  the  army ;  while  the  name  on  the  Bristol 
tablet  is  Colonel  John  Porter,  without  any  notice 
whatever  of  a  second  Christian  name.  From  the 
remarks  of  your  correspondent,  we  are  to  believe 
that  the  Colonel  was  a  merchant  in  the  West 
Indies,  just  previously  to  Nov.  18,  1811.  If  so, 
how  came  he  to  die  in  Castle  Rushen  ?  where  it 


appears  that  John  B.  Porter  had  been  confined 
an  insolvent  debtor  for  "  two  years  and  a  quarter ; 
(and)  when  he  died  (says  the  Magazine},  he  was 
not  possessed  of  a  single  shilling,  and  his  widow 
was  obliged  to  sell  her  bed  to  get  him  a  coffin." 
Surely  the  Porter  family,  who  were  in  good  cir- 
cumstances, would  not  have  allowed  their  brother 
to  die  in  such  abject  poverty  in  a  prison ! 

In  the  Baptist  Meeting-house,  Broadmead,  in 
this  city,  is  a  tablet  inscribed  to  the  memory  of 
"The  Rev.  Hugh  Evans,  A.M.,  Pastor  of  this 
church  twenty-three  years,  died  March  28th,  1781, 
aged  sixty-four."  This  inscription,  as  far  as  re- 
gards the  age,  is  evidently  incorrect ;  as  will  be 
seen  by  the  following  translation  of  his  epitaph, 
inscribed  on  a  tomb  erected  to  his  memory  in  the 
Baptist  burial  ground,  Redcross  Street :  — 

"  Sacred  to  the  Memory  of 

HUGH  EVANS,  M.A. 
He  was  justly  esteemed 
An  excellent  and  eminent  Divine. 

In  his  public  Discourses 

He  was  Copious  and  Eloquent. 

In  all  the  Duties  of  his  Sacred  Office 

Faithful,  Laborious,  and  Successful. 

An  Able  and  Affectionate  Tutor. 

To  every  Office  of  Piet.v 

Ever  Ready  and  Forward. 

A  most  excellent  Husband,  Father,  Friend, 

in  one  word, 

A  True  Christian. 

He  died  much  lamented, 

March  28th,  1781, 
In  the  sixty-ninth  year  of  his  age." 

On  the  title-page  of  a  Sermon,  preached  on  the 
occasion  of  his  death,  and  afterwards  published — 
a  copy  of  which  is  in  my  possession — he  is  also 
said  to  have  "  departed  this  life  in  the  sixty- 
ninth  year  of  his  age."  GEORGE  PRYCE. 

City 'Library,  Bristol. 

ARCHBISHOP  HAMILTON  (3rd  S.  v.  241,  310.)  — 
There  is  an  account  of  the  Swedish  Hamiltons, 
descended  from  the  Archbishop  of  Cashel,  in 
Burke's  Peerage  for  1864,  art.  "  Hamilton."  But 
it  is  assumed  that  he  was  Malcolm  Hamilton,  who 
died  in  1629  :  whereas  it  appears,  from  Lodge, 
that  it  wns  from  Archibald  Hamilton,  who  suc- 
ceeded Malcolm  in  the  see,  that  the  Swedish 
family  derive. 

Was  this  Archibald  an  Irishman,  or  a  Scotch- 
man ? 

The  article  in  Burke  says  he  claimed  descent 
from  the  first  Lord  Paisley.  But  in  Burke's 
Extinct  Peerage  (art.  "  Glenawly  "),  and  in  Lodge 
(art.  "Beresford,  Earls  of  Tyrone"),  he  is  made 
the  second  son  of  Sir  Claud  Hamilton  of  Cocho- 
nogh,  in  Scotland,  and  brother  of  Sir  Claud 
Hamilton  of  Castle  Toorne,  co.  Antrim. 

In  Lodge  (art.  "  Hamilton,  Lord  Limerick,") 
this  family,  seated  at  Ballygally,  is  said  to  de- 
scend from  Thomas,  younger  son  of  Sir  John 
Hamilton  of  Cadzow,  circa  1400. 


3rd  S.  V.  APKIL  30,  '04.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


369 


The  same  author  (art.  "  Strabane  ")  makes  Sir 
Claud  Hamilton,  of  Castle  Toome,  to  be  a  son  of 
the  first  Lord  Paisley  ;  and  in  describing  his  de- 
scendants he  names  two  brothers,  Claud  and 
Archibald ;  but  it  is  clear  that  they  are  different 
from  the  Archbishop  and  his  brother,  as  their 
father  was  born  in  1604,  whilst  the  Archbishop 
was  aged  eighty  when  he  died  in  1659.  Never- 
theless, I  presume  it  is  from  this  similarity  of 
names  that  the  Archbishop  has  been  assumed  to 
descend  from  Lord  Paisley.  All  these  genealo- 
gical puzzles  must  be  solved  before  we  make  the 
Archbishop  either  Irish  or  Scotch.  In  accord- 
ance with  MR.  DE  MORGAN'S  suggestion,  I  enclose 
my  name.  S.  P.  V. 

"THE  CHURCH  OF  OUR  FATHERS"  (3rd  S.  v. 
297.) — The  song,  commencing  as  above,  was  writ- 
ten by  Robert  Story,  a  Conservative  poet ;  some 
of  whose  spirited  productions  were  attributed  to 
the  late  Lor4  Francis  Egerton,  the  authorship  of 
which  was  disclaimed  by  that  nobleman  in  com- 
plimentary terms.  Mr.  Story  was  originally  parish 
clerk,  and  schoolmaster  of  Gargrave  in  Craven, 
Yorkshire  ;  and  afterwards,  for  many  years  filled 
an  appointment  in  the  Audit  Office,  Somerset 
House.  He  died  recently,  having  a  short  time 
previously  issued  a  collected  edition  of  his  poems, 
got  up  in  a  costly  style,  and  dedicated  to  his  kind 
patron  the  Duke  of  Northumberland. 

WILLIAM  GASPEY. 

Keswick. 

ZOAR  (3rd  S.  v.  303.)—"  Mediaeval  East,"  should 
be  "medial  East,"  referring  to  place,  not  to  time  : 
contrasting  Syria,  Arabia,  &c.,  with  the  terminal 
East— India,  &c.  J.  L. 

Dublin. 

WITTY  CLASSICAL  QUOTATIONS  (3rd  S.  v.  310.) 
I  think  that  there  are  two  errors  in  the  article 
quoted  from  Blackwood  for  January,  1864,  on 
**  Winchester  College  and  Commoners,"  by  your 
correspondent,  E.  H.  A.  Tom  Coriate  was  not 
educated  at  Winchester  College,  but  at  West- 
minster School,  and  could  not  have  been  alive  at 
the  time  of  Queen  Elizabeth's  visit  to  the  former 
seminary  in  1570,  for  he  was  born  in  1577,  so  the 
anecdote  must  be  assigned  to  another.  He  is  thus 
mentioned  in  the  second  part  of  the  Complete 
Angler,  by  Walton  and  Cotton  :  — 

"  Viator.  Well,  if  ever  I  come  to  London,  of  which 
many  a  man  there,  if  he  were  in  my  place,  could  make  a 
question :  I  will  sit  down  and  write'my  Travels,  and  like 
Tom  Coriite,  print  them  at  my  own  charge.  Pray  what 
do  you  call  this  hill  we  come  down?  "  —  Major's  edition 
of  The  Complete  Angler,  1824,  part  u.  chap.  ii.  p.  283. 

The  following  interesting  and  amusing  expla- 
natory note  is  appended,  p.  283  :  — 

"  Like  Tom  Coriute.  This  eccentric  son  of  the  Rev. 
George  Coriate  was  born  at  Odcombe,  in  Somersetshire, 
in  1577.  He  was  educated  at  Westminster  School,  and  at 
Gloucester  Hall,  Oxford ;  after  which  he  went  into  the 


family  of  Henry  Prince  of  Wales.  He  travelled  almost 
all  over  Europe  on  foot,  and  in  that  tour  walked  nine 
hundred  miles  with  one  pair  of  shoes,  which  he  got 
mended  at  Zurich.  Afterwards  he  visited  Turkey,  Persia, 
and  the  Great  Mogul's  dominions ;  proceeding  in  so  frugal 
a  manner,  as  he  tells  his  mother,  in  a  letter  to  her,  in  his 
ten  months'  travels  between  Aleppo  and  the  Mogul's 
Court,  he  spent  but  three  pounds  sterling,  living  reason- 
ably well  for  about  two  pence  sterling  a  day !  He  was  a 
redoubted  champion  for  the  Christian  religion  against  the 
Mahometans  and  Pagans,  in  the  defence  whereof  he  some- 
times risqued  his  life.  He  died  of  the  flux,  occasioned  by 
drinking  sack  at  Surat,  in  1C17,  having,  in  1611,  pub- 
lished his  Travels  in  a  quarto  volume,  which  he  called 
his  Crudities,"  &c.— Pp.  403-404. 

OXONIENSIS. 

I  beg  to  inform  E.  H.  A.  that  the  writer  of  the 
article  on  "  Winchester  College,"  in  Blackivood, 
January,  1864,  is  indebted  to  my  William  of  Wyke- 
ham  and  his  Colleges  (published  in  1852,  and 
quoted  by  the  Public  School  Commissioners)  for 
the  anecdote  cited  from  that  Magazine,  beside 
every  other  important  fact  in  the  article,  although 
without  acknowledgment,  I  regret  to  say.  The 
author,  1  am  told,  is  no  Wykehamist ;  if  so,  his 
many  misapprehensions  are  explained,  and  the 
expression  "  ungrateful  of  the  Wykehamists  "  goes 
to  prove  the  belief. 

MACKENZIE  E.  C.  WALCOTT. 

BEECH- DROPPINGS  :  EPIPHEGUS  VIRGINIANA 
(3rd  S.  v.  297),  better  known  to  medical  men  as 
Orobanche  Virginiana,  broomrape,  or  cancer-root,  is 
an  extremely  nauseous  astringent  and  bitter  tonic, 
formerly  much  employed  as  a  remedy  for  dysen- 
tery and  as  a  detergent  in  chronic  ulcerations.  It 
formed  the  chief  ingredient  in  the  famous  powder 
known  as  Martin's  Cancer  Powder.  Its  virtues 
are  mentioned  in  the  Pharmacopoeia  Universalis, 
1833,  and  in  Lindley's  Vegetable  Kingdom,  but 
more  at  large,  doubtless,  in  American  works  on 
materia  medica.  GEO.  MOORE. 

THE  LATE  ROBERT  DILLON  BROWN,  M.P.  (3rd 
S.  iii.  369;  v.  270.)  —  W.  D.  has  fallen  into 
one  error  at  least  on  the  subject ;  and,  as  I  origi- 
nated the  question  relative  to  my  late  lamented 
and  gifted  friend,  Mr.  Brown,  pray  give  me  space 
to  correct  W.  D.  Error  the  first  is,  that  W.  D. 
calls  a  quotation,  with  which  Mr.  Brown  often 
finished  some  of  his  really  fine  orations,  "  a  song." 
If  W.  D.  had  looked  at  my  note,  he  could  not 
have  fallen  into  such  an  absurd  mistake.  I  happen 
to  know  something  relative  to  the  honour  paid  to 
the  Blessed  Virgin  Mary,  both  in  France  and  Ire- 
land, by  Catholics,  and  can  assure  W.  D.  that 
there  is  no  hymn  of  the  sort  he  alludes  to  ;  so  that 
his  Irish  Catholic  friend  must  have  considered 
him  verdant  to  credit  such  a  story.  The  sneer 
conveyed  about  Mr.  Brown  being  a  joint  in 
O'Connell's  "flexible  tail,1'  should  have  come 
under  the  charitable  adage  "De  mortuis,"  &c.,  if 
W.  D.  had  considered  what  he  was  writing. 


370 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  V.  APRIL  30,  '64. 


Robert  Dillon  Brown  was  a  man  of  superior 
natural  gifts,  and  one  of  the  best  and  most  ample 
scholars  of  his  day  ;  but  this  is  not  the  place  for 
such  points.  S.  REDMOND. 

Liverpool. 

CURMUDGEON  (3rd  S.  v.  319.)  —  The  deriva- 
tion I  have  always  heard  for  this  word  is  cceur 
mechant.  LYTTELTON. 

JOSEPH  ASTON  (2nd  S.  xii.  379.)  —  MR.  CROSS- 
LEY  has  given  an  exceedingly  interesting  note  on 
this  Manchester  poet  and  "  punctuator."  Like 
many  greater  geniuses  of  the  same  period  (among 
whom  might  be  mentioned  Southey,  Montgomery, 
Cobbett,  and  Burdett)  his  political  life  began  with 
revolutionary  principles,  and  ended  in  conser- 
vatism. 

The  object  of  this  note  is  to  say  that  Aston  was 
a  confidential  friend  of  James  Montgomery  for 
many  years  after  the  French  Revolution  ;  and 
many  letters  and  much  information,  illustrating 
the  life  of  j^ston,  will  be  found  in  the  earlier 
volumes  of  the  Life  of  Montgomery,  by  Holland 
and  Everett.  The  interesting  anecdote  related 
by  MR.  CROSSLEY  of  an  eminent  author  who  said, 
"Mr.  Aston,  in  consequence  of  your  admirable 
punctuation,  I  now,  for  the  first  time,  begin  to 
understand  my  own  book,"  very  probably  re- 
lates to  Montgomery,  whom  I  |had  the  honour  to 
know,  and  who  was  full  of  that  species  of  innocent 
quiet  humour.  W.  LEE. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

Omitted  Chapters  of  the  History  of  England,  from  the  Death 
of  Charles  I.  to  the  Battle  of  Dunbar.  By  Andrew 
Bisset.  (Murray.) 

Some  people  will  find  fault  with  the  title  of  Mr. 
Bisset's  book,  and  will  let  him  understand  that  they  are 
surprised  to  find  that  the  trial  of  Lilburne,  the  defeat  and 
death  of  Montrose,  and  the  Battle  of  Dunbar,  are  "  omit- 
ted chapters  of  the  History  of  England."  Many  others 
•will  call  in  question  the  author's  judgments  passed  upon 
the  characters  of  the  persons  with  whom  his  history 
deals.  A  large  proportion  of  his  readers  will  doubt 
whether  "  the  base  cur  which  then  sat  on  the  English 
throne"  is  a  just  or  gentlemanly  description  of  James  I.  ; 
whether  Cromwell  was  quite  the  melo-dramatic  villain 
who  is  here  painted  ;  or  whether  Charles  I.  lacked  "  brains" 
for  the  performance  of  the  acts  of  perfidy,  treachery,  and 
breach  of  trust,  which  are  here  stated  to  have  been  de- 
signed by  him?  It  is  not  for  us  to  enter  upon  these 
questions.  Mr.  Bisset  has  written  a  book  which  is  built 
upon  materials  which  have  been  little,  if  at  all,  used  by 
preceding  writers  ;  and  his  work  will,  therefore,  assuredly 
take  its  place  among  the  historical  authorities  for  the 
period.  He  has  written  also  with  a  free  pen,  and  after 
great  inquiry  and  consideration.  What  he  has  written  is 
fully  entitled  to  consideration,  even  if  critics  should  ulti- 
mately come  to  the  conclusion  that  he  lacks  some  of  the 
many  qualities  which  are  essential  to  the  formation  of 
true  and  sound  historical  judgments.  His  volume  is  the 
first  instalment  of  a  History  of  England,  from  the  death 
of  Charles  I.  to  the  Restoration  of  Charles  II. 


Shakspeare's  Garden,  or  the  Plants  and  Flowers  named  in 
his  Works  described  and  defined.  With  Notes  and  Illus- 
trations from  the  Works  of  other  Writers.  By  Sidney 
Beisly.  (Longman.) 

That  he  who  found  "  Sermons  in  stones,  and  good  in 
every  thing,"  had  a  keen  appreciation  of  the  beauty  of 
flowers,  and  of  the  powerful  grace  that  in  them  lies,  it 
were  needless  to  argue.  Every  one  of  his  matchless 
dramas  gives  abundant  proof  of  this ;  and  Mr.  Beisly  has 
produced  a  very  pleasing  volume  by  combining,  with  the 
instances  of  Shakspeare's  use  of  flowers,  much  curious 
matter  illustrative  of  such  use,  culled  from  the  writings 
of  his  contemporaries. 

The   Chandos  Portrait  of  Shakspeare.      (Chapman  and 

Hall.) 

The  Trustees  of  the  National  Portrait  Gallery  having 
given  special  permission  to  their  Secretary,  Mr.  George 
Scharf,  to  make  a  tracing  of  the  Chandos  portrait  for  the 
purpose  of  publication,  it  has  been  carefully  lithographed ; 
so  that  the  admirers  of  the  poet  may  now]i 

"  With  reverence  look  on  his  majestic  face," 
with  the  full  confidence  that  they  are  looking  on  a  perfect 
copy  of  the  only  picture  which  has  been  handed  down  to- 
us,  with  satisfactory  evidence  that  it  is  a  portrait  of 
Shakspeare.  The  print,  which  is  of  course  of  the  size  of 
the  original,  is  of  great  interest,  and  certainly  forms  one 
of  the  most  satisfactory  memorials  of  the  great  poet  which 
his  Tercentenary  has  called  forth. 

THE  QUARTERLY  REVIEW,  No.  CCXXX.  — The  new 

Quarterly  contains  fewer  articles  than  usual,  and,  as  is 
perhaps  natural  just  now,  a  large  proportion  of  them  are 
political.  These  are— "Prospects  of  the  Confederates,"  "  Our 
Foreign  Policy,"  and  "The  Privy  Council  Judgment." 
The  other  papers  are,  a  biographical  one  on  "  Sir  William 
Napier;"  an  interesting  sketch  of  "Pompeii;"  a  good 
view  of  the  condition,  prospects,  and  resources  of 
"Mexico;"  and  an  ingenious  and  well-timed  paper  on 
"  Shakspeare  and  his  Sonnets." 


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ta  Cartetfpmtffrute. 


DYCE'»  SHAKSPEARE.  We  hare  received  a  note  from  the  Rev.  A.  Dyce 
complaining  that,  in  our  notice  of  his  third  vol.  (antfe  p.  350),  he  is  stated 
to  have  altered  "even  "  to  "  earn"  in  thepassage  quoted  from  All's  Well 
that  Ends  Well.  It  certainly  is  an  error,  and  which  a  turning  back  to 
the  text  in  which  "  even  "  is  printed,  would  have  prevented;  but  from  the 
manner  in  which  the  note  on  the  passage  is  printed,  and  its  tone,  the 
writer  of  the  notice  may,  we  think,  well  be  excused  for  mistaking  the  "I" 
of  such  note  for  Mr.  Dyce,  instead  of  Mr.  Williams. 

F.  P.  (Seal.)  Our  space  will  not  allow  of  our  availing  ourselves  of 
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CANTAB.    "  Tyro,"  according  to  Johnson  and  Webster. 

EIN  FRAOER.  "  Multiplenoinding  "  is  explained  in  BelTs  Dictionary 
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and  give*  name  to  an  action  whicli  may  be  brought  by  a  person  passmen 
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27,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and  34, Ludgate  Hill,  London! 
134,  Duke  Street, Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 

Consultations  gratis.  For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  £c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth."  Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  iu  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 


BROWN  AND  POLSON'S 

PATENT     CORN      FLOUR, 
Packets,  8e7. 
GUARANTEED   PERFECTLY   PURE, 

is  a  favourite 
DIET  FOR  CHILDREN, 

and  much  approved 
For  PUDDINGS,  CUSTARDS,  &c. 

STARCH  MANUFACTURERS 
TO  H.R.H.  THE  PRINCESS  OF  WALES. 

GLENFIELD     PATENT    STARCH, 
Used  in  the  Royal  Laundry, 
And  awarded  the  Prize  Medal,  1862. 
Sold  by  all  Grocers, Chandlers,  &c.,  &c. 


HOLLOW  AY'S  PILLS.— THE  EARLY  SPRING.— 
All  who  have  a  due  regard  for  their  future  welNbeing,  should 


..    They  quietly  unu  cenuuiiy  iree  uoin  sonas  ana  fluids  of  all 
'us  matters,  regulate  the  circulation,  invigorate  the  nerves,  and 
ne  most  delicate  person  proof  against  the  maladies  of  the  season. 
mnrn°hlere0ln.e  T1'  Constitutional  liability  to  bronctiitis.     Universal 
'Probation  has  been  awarded  to  Holloway's  incomparable  Fills  for  the 
f  they  afford  in  gout,  rheumatism,  neuralgia,  biliousness, 
Headache,  and  other  dyspeptic  symptoms  which  come  in  with  Spring. 


DEBENTURES    at  5,  5$,   and  6   PER  CENT., 
CEYLON  COMPANY,  LIMITED.  Subscribed  Capital,  €350,000. 


Duncan  James  Kay,  Esq. 
Stephen  P.  Kennard,  Esq. 
Patrick  F.  Robertson,  Esq. 
Robert  Smith,  Esq. 
Sir  S.  Villiers  Surtees. 


DIRECTORS 

Lawford  Acland,  Esq.,  Chairman. 
Major-General     Henry    Pelham 

Burn. 

Harry  George  Gordon,  Esq. 
George  Ireland,  Esq. 

MANAGER— C.  J.  Braine,  Esq. 

The  Directors  are  prepared  to  issue  Debentures  for  one,  three,  and 
five  years,  at  5, 5i,  and  6  per  cent,  respectively.  They  are  also  prepared 
to  invest  money  or  mortgage  in  Ceylon  and  Mauritius,  either  with  or 
without  the  Guarantee  of  the  Company,  as  may  be  arranged. 

Applications  for  particulars  to  be  made  at  the  Office  of  the  Company, 
No.  12,  Leadenhall  btreet,  London,  E.G. 

By  Order,  JOHN  ANDERSON,  Secretary. 

HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES :  _ 
Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24*. 
per  dozen. 

White  Bordeaux 24*.  and  30*.  perdoz. 

Good  Hock 30*.    „    36s.       „ 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne 36*.,  42s.    „     48s. 

Good  Dinner  Sherry 24*.    „     £0s. 

Port  24*.,30s.    „     36s.       „ 

They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their^varied  stock 
of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120s.  perdoz. 

Vintage  1834 ,   108s.       „ 

Vintage  1840 ,     84*.        „ 

Vintage  1847 „     72*.       „ 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48*.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry,  36s., 42s. 
48*.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s.,  42s.,  4Ss. ,60s.,  72s.,  84s.;  Hochhei- 
mer,  Marcobrunner,  Rudesheimer,  Steinberg,  Leibfraumilch,  60*.; 
Johannesberger  and  Steinberger,  72s.,  84*.,  to  120s. ;  Braunberger,  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48*.  to  84*.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48*.,  60s.,  66«., 
78*.;  very  choice  Champagne,  66s.  78s.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Lachrymae  Christi,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72*.  per  doz. ; 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144*.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 
(Originally  established  A.D.1667.) 


EAU-DE-VIE.— This  pure  PALE  BRANDY,  18s. 
per  gallon,  is  peculiarly  free  from  acidity,  and  very  superior  to 
recent  importations  of  Cognac.  In  French  bottles,  38s.  per  doz. ;  or  in 
a  case  for  the  country,  39*.,  railway  carriage  paid.  No  agents,  and  to 
be  obtained  only  of  HENRY  BRETT  &  CO.,  Old  Furnival's  Distillery, 
Holborn,  E.C.,  and  30,  Regent  Street,  Waterloo  Place,  S.W.,  London, 
Prices  Current  free  on  application. 


1) 


OTESIO'S    DEPOT,    95,    REGENT    STREET, 

QUADRANT, 

For  the  Sale  exclusively  of  the  fine  Bordeaux,  Burgundies,  Cham- 
pagnes and  Cognacs  of  France,  in  their  pure  natural  state. 

Cellars  and  Counting-house  as  above,  and  Orders  taken  also  at  the 
Restaurant, 

No.  9,  RUE  DE  CASTIGLIONE,  PARIS. 


THE  PRETTIEST  GIFT  for  a  LADY  is  one  of 
JONES'S  GOLD  LEVERS,  at  11Z.  Us.    For  a  GENTLEMAN, 
one  at  \0l.  10s.  "Rewarded  at  the  International  Exhibition  for  "  Cheap- 
ness of  Production." 

Manufactory,  338,  Strand,  opposite  Somerset  House. 

DIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

MAGNOLIA,  WHITE  ROSE,  FRANGIPANNI,  GERA- 
NIUM, PAiCHOULY,  EVER-SWEET,  .NEW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1  ,000  others. 


M,  PAiCHOULY,  EV  . 

2s.  6d.  each.—  2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 


SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 
"THE    ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERRINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations, and 
should  see  that  LEA  £  PERRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 
Bottle,  and  Stopper. 

ASK  FOB  LEA  AND  PEKBINS'  SAUCE. 

***  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors,  Worcester; 
MESSRS.  CKOSSE  and  BLACK  WELL,  MESSRS.  BARCLAY  and 
SONS,  London,  &c.,  (fee.;  and  by  Grocer*  and  Oilmen  universally. 


NOTES  AXD  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  APRIL  30,  '64. 


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THE   QUARTERLY  REVIEW,    No.  CCXXX. 
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CONTENTS  t 

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Author  of"  A  First  Friendship." 

Chapters  I.  and  II. 
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and  defined :  with  Notes,  and  Illustrations  from  the 
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Now  ready,  New  Edition,  in  elegant  cloth  biudings,  fcap.  gilt  edges, 
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PHILOSOPHY    of   WILLIAM    SHAKE- 


SPEARE,  delineate.!  in  Seven    Hundred   and   Fifty   Passages 
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Truths  Illustrated  by  Great  Authors." 

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NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


371 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  MAY  1,  1864. 

CONTENTS. —No.  123. 

NOTES :  —Bishop  Andrew  Knox  of  Raphoe,  371  —  Contri- 
butions from  Foreign  Ballad  Literature,  &c.,  372  —  Certi- 
ficate of  Conformity,  1641,  374  —  Words  and  Places  in  De- 
vonshire, Ib.  —  Similar  Stories  in  diiferent  Localities  — 
French  Bible  —  Captain  Nathaniel  Portlock  —  An  Ancient 
Craft  —  Austin  Friars'  Church,  375. 

QUERIES :  — Ballad  Queries  —  Burnett  and  other  Family 
Queries  —  Thomas  Bentley  of  Chiswick  or  Turnham 
Green  — "The  Black  Bear"  at  Cumnor  —  Catharine  of 
Braganza  —  Chess  —  Sir  Thomas  Delalaunde  —  The  Downs 
Lands  in  Hampshire  —  Engraving  by  Bartolozzi  —  Esquire 
— "  Family  Burying  Ground  "—Sir  Edward  Gorges,  Knt.— 
Infidel  Societies  and  Swedenborgians  —  Lancashire  Wills 
for  the  Sixteenth  Century  —  Monckton  Family  —  Edward 
Wortley  Montague  —  John  Molesworth,  Esq.  —  "  Play 
uppe  'The  Brides  of  Enderby '"  —  Quotations  —  Sheen 
Priory  — Rev.  Samuel  Slipper,  Chaplain  to  the  Duke  of 
Norfolk  in  1681 — Upper  and  Lower  Empire,  376. 

QUERIES" WITH  ANSWERS  :— Mrs.  Mary  Deverell  —  Charade 
—  Button  Coldfield :  "  Henry  IV.,  Part  I. "  —  St.  Andrew's, 
Holborn— Dr.  Trapp's  Translation  of  Milton— Monograms 
of  Painters,  379. 

REPLIES:  —  The  Newton  Stone,  380  —  Meschines,  382  — 
Wolfe,  Gardener  to  Henry  VIII.  —  Miss  Livermore  — 
Thomas  Shakspeare  —  Judicial  Committee  of  Privy  Coun- 
cil —  Mother  Goose  —  Coliberti  —  Chaperon,  Chaperone  — 
Witches  in  Lancaster  Castle  —  Whipultre  —The  Ballot: 
"Three  Blue  Beans,"  &c.  — Map  of  Roman  Britain  — 
George  Augustus  Adderley  —  Passage  in  "  Tom  Jones  "  — 
Song :  "  Is  it  to  try  me?  " — "  Here  lies  Fred,"  &c.  —  "  Cen- 
tury of  Inventions" — John  Younge,  M.A.,  of  Pembroke 
Hall,  Cambridge— American  Authors,  &c.,  383. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


BISHOP  ANDREW  KNOX  OF  RAPHOE. 
He  was  a  younger  son  of  John  Knox  of  Ran- 
furly,  or  Griff  Castle,  in  Renfrewshire,  an  ancient 
Scotish  family,  which  had  been  settled  there  since 
the  thirteenth  century,  and  from  which  the  cele- 
brated Reformer  John  Knox  was  also  descended. 
Educated  at  the  University  of  Glasgow,  where 
Andrew  Melville  was  then  Principal,  and  was 
"laureated"  there  in  1579  as  "Andreas  Knox' 
\_Annales  Fac.  Art.  Glasguen\ ;  his  birth  may, 
therefore,  be  placed  about  the  year  1560,  as  the 
usual  age  of  entering  college  was  then  fifteen,  and 
the  course  of  academical  studies  occupied  four 
years,  1574- 1579. 

Having  entered  the  ministry,  his  first  ecclesias- 
tical preferment  was  thq  parish  of  Lochevinnoch, 
in  his  native  county  of  Renfrew,  and  diocese  oi 
Glasgow,  to  which  he  was  appointed  about  1586. 
In  a  few  years  afterwards  he  was  translated  to  the 
more  important   charge   of  the  town  and  abbey 
church  of  Paisley,  in  the  same  county  and  diocese, 
159 — ;  but  he  does  not  seem  ever  to  have  hat 
more  than  Presbyterian  ordination,  for  the  neces- 
sity of  receiving  that  rite  from  the  hands  of  a  duly 
consecrated   bishop  was  not  then  deemed  abso- 
tely  requisite  or  expedient,  when  episcopal  or- 
dination could  not  be  obtained  conveniently,  am 
consequently  none  of  the  Scotish  prelates,  of  wha 
was  called  the  " Spottiswoode  Succession"  (1610' 


1639),  passed  through  the  intermediate  orders  of 
deacon  and  priest. 

On  the  restoration  of  episcopal  government  by 
King  James  VI.,  in  Act  of  Parliament  of  July  9, 
1606,  the  "  Parson  of  Paisley,"  was  nominated  to 
the  long  vacant  see  of  "  The  Isles,"  having  been 
already  designated  bishop  in  the  preceding  year, 
and  by  letters  patent  under  the  Privy  Seal  of 
April  2,  1606,  he  was  also  made  Abbot  of  Icolm- 
ull  or  Hy,  on  the  same  day,  according  to  Keith 
Scottish  Bishops,  p.  308]  ;  but  this  ancient  Clu- 
niacensian  monastery  was  annexed  to  the  bishopric 
f  Argyll  in  1617.     In  March,  1608,  he  was  ap- 
>ointed   one   of  the   commissioners    for   settling 
iffairs  in  the  Western  Isles,  which  were  comprised 
n  his  remote  diocese ;  and,  on  his  measures  having 
Deen  approved  of  by  the  Privy  Council  of  Scot- 
and,  he  was   sent   to  London  in  June  to   re- 
port to  the  King ;  and  he  was  again  summoned 
to  the  English  court  early  in  1609,  returning  to 
Edinburgh  in  June  of  that  year.     In  July  he  held 
a  court  on  the  island  of  lona,  where  the  "  Statutes 
of  Icolmkill "  were  enacted  for  the  government  of 
the  isles  on  August  23,  1609,  and  received  the 
royal  approval  June  28,  1610.     In  July  following 
the  bishop  was  created  "  Steward  and  Justice  of 
all  the  North  and  West  Isles  of  Scotland"  (ex- 
cept Orkney  and  Zetland),  and  also  "  Constable 
of  the  Castle  of  Dunyreg,  in  Isla,"  in  August  of 
the  same  year,  1610. 

His  consecration  appears  to  have  taken  place 
on  February  24,  1611,  in  the  parish  church  of 
Leith  (together  with  that  of  John  Campbell, 
Bishop  elect  of  Argyll) ;  the  officiating  prelate 
having  been  his  metropolitan,  the  Abp.  of  Glas- 
gow, assisted  by  the  Bishops  of  Galloway  and 
Brechin. 

By  patent  of  June  26,  1611,  he  was  nominated 
to  the  bishopric  of  Raphoe,  in  Ireland  (then  vacant 
by  the  resignation  of  another  Scotish  Bishop, 
George  Montgomery)  ;  but  he  was  certainly  non- 
resident for  several  years  subsequently,  and  as  he 
remained  in  Scotland,  must  have  continued  to  re- 
tain both  sees.  The  reason  of  his  translation  to 
an  Irish  bishopric  is  said  to  have  been  because 
"  King  James  considered  him  to  be  a  very  fit 
person  to  undertake  the  charge  of  a  diocese  in 
Ulster  at  this  time." 

In  April,  1614,  the  Castle  of  Dunyveg,  which 
had  been  garrisoned  by  him  for  the  government 
for  upwards  of  three  years,  was  surprised  by  a 
hostile  chief,  and  the  bishop  proceeded  from  Edin- 
burgh to  attempt  its  recovery  in  September ;  but 
he  fell  into  a  trap,  and  was  obliged  to  leave  as 
hostages  his  son  Thomas  and  nephew  John  Knox, 
of  Ranfarlie,  on  which  he  was  allowed  to  depart. 
The  hostages  were  subsequently  liberated  in  No- 
vember following,  on  conditions  never  fulfilled, 
and  the  castle  stormed  on  February  3,  1615. 
By  a  statute  of  the  Scotish  parliament  in  June, 


372 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


S.  V.  MAY  7,  '64. 


1617,  a  new  chapter  was  established  for  the  See  of 
the  Isles,  as  the  ancient  writs  of- the  bishopric 
bad  been  lost,  and  a  new  foundation  was  conse- 
quently necessary.  It  must  have  been  shortly 
after  this  that  Bishop  Knox  finally  resigned  his 
connection  with  his  island  diocese,  as  he  received 
"  Letters  of  denization  "  in  Ireland,  on  Sept.  22, 
1619  [Rot.  Pat.'] ;  and  about  the  same  time  was 
called  into  the  Privy  Council  of  Ireland.  He  had 
a  pension  of  100Z.  a  year  from  King  James,  which 
was  withdrawn  in  May,  1620,  "  on  the  eve  of  his 
removal  to  Raphoe."  [Rym.  Feed.  vol.  viii.  part  3 
p.  147.]  Keith  states,  that  "he  was  translated 
in  the  year  1622,"  and  "  died  the  7th  of  Novem- 
ber, 1632  ; "  but  both  these  dates  are  incorrect, 
as  shown  above.  His  episcopal  residence  as 
Bishop  of  Raphoe  was  at  Ramullen,  near  Lough- 
Swilly,  which  he  preferred  to  Raphoe,  as  there  was 
a  garrisoned  castle  there.  When  the  Royal  Visi- 
tation of  the  Province  of  Armagh  was  made  in 
1622,  the  bishop  was  resident  in  his  diocese,  and 
laid  many  grievances  before  the  commission ; 
among  others,  the  entire  loss  of  the  diocesan  re- 
cords there,  and  the  want  of  a  cathedral,  of  which 
the  walls  only  were  standing,  though  a  new  roof, 
which  had  been  two  years  in  preparation,  "  was 
to  be  set  up  this  summer  at  the  bishop's  and 
parishioners'  charge."  As  might  be  expected 
from  his  antecedents,  he  was  extremely  lax  in 
ordaining  clergymen,  allowing  many  irregularities, 
and  giving  "  a  free  entry  into  the  ministry  "  to 
Presbyterian  candidates  for  benefices  in  his  dio- 
cese. In  short,  Bishop  Knox's  character  was  more 
that  of  a  politician  than  a  churchman,  as  exem- 
plified by  his  proceedings  in  the  Western  Isles ; 
and  though  he  is  stated  to  have  been  "  a  good 
man,  who  did  much  within  his  diocese  ,by  propa- 
gating religion,"  yet  we  must  have  regard  to  the 
whole  tenor  of  his  career,  and,  if  unwilling  to 
give  entire  credence  to  the  accusations  of  into- 
lerance and  persecution  brought  against  him  for 
his  treatment  of  the  Romanists  in  Ulster  by  the 
historians  of  that  body,  there  is  sufficient  evidence 
of  his  having  been  anything  but  a  mild  or  tolerant 
prelate,  or  a  faithful  member  of  his  own  church. 

Bishop  Knox  died  on  March  17,  1633,  when  he 
had  attained  the  age  of  about  seventy-three,  and 
in  the  twenty-third  of  his  episcopate,  dating  from 
his  consecration  in  1611,  and,  according  to  Ware's 
Bishops,  "  in  the  twenty-second  year  after  his 
translation."  Place  of  death  and  interment  not 
recorded  ;  but  the  former  was  probably  at  Ramul- 
len Castle. 

The  authorities  for  the  above  sketch  are  Ware's 
Bishops,  edit.  Harris;  Cotton's  Fasti,  iii.  351, 
where  the  date  of  the  bishop's  death  is  "  March 
17,  162$,"  a  clerical  error  apparently  for  163f ; 
but  it  is  not  corrected  in  vol.  v.  of  Illustrations,  fyc. 
Mant's  History  of  the  Church  of  Ireland;  Keith's 
Scottish  Bishops,  edit.  Russell ;  Grub's  Ecclesia- 


tical  History  of  Scotland;  Lawson's  Epis.  Church 
of  Scotland ;  Gregory's  Hist,  of  the  Western  High- 
lands and  Isles  of  Scotland;  Me  Crie's  Life  of 
Andrew  Melville;  Booke  of  the  Unioersall  Kirke  of 
Scotland;  Brenan,  O' Sullivan, Porter,  andHibernia 
Dominic.,  Sfc.  .  A.  S.  A. 


CONTRIBUTIONS    FROM  FOREIGN    BALLAD 
LITERATURE. 

BY  JAMES   HENRY    1)IXOX. 

The  Birth  of  Merlin,  an  Ancient  Popular  Ballad  of 
Lower  Britanny,  France. 

The  original  of  this  curious  production  is  in 
the  Armoric,  and  may  be  seen  in  various  Breton 
chap-books,  also  in  — 

"  Barzaz-Breiz,  Chants  populaires  de  la  Bretagne, 
recueillis  et  publics  avec  une  Traduction  Franchise,  une 
introduction,  &c.,  et  les  melodies  originales."  Paris,  1861. 
Didier  &  Co. 

Also  in  "  Myrdhinn,  ou  I'enchanteur  Merlin,  son  his- 
toire,  ses  oeuvres,  et  son  influence."  Paris,  1862.  Idem. 

Both  works  are  the  erudite  and  interesting 
compilations  of  the  Viscount  Hersart  de  la  Vil- 
lemarque,  Member  of  the  Institute  of  France, 
&c.  So  much  has  been  written  about  Ambrosius 
Merlin  *,  that  it  is  unnecessary  to  enlarge  upon 
the  subject.  The  ballad  is  believed  to  be  very 
ancient,  and  I  see  no  reason  to  doubt  it.  The 
Viscount  says :  — 

"  Le  voici  dans  sa  rusticite  et  la  simplicite  primitives 
tel  que  les  nourrices,  ces  conservatrices  de  la  poesie  popu- 
laire  de  toutes  les  nations  le  repetent  pour  endormir  les 
enfants." 

His  "traduction"  is  in  prose.  In  my  trans- 
lation I  have  endeavoured  to  preserve  such 
rusticity  and  simplicity.  I  have  adopted  the 
two-line  stanza  of  the  original,  and  have  made 
very  trifling  deviation  from  the  phraseology.  In- 
deed, such  deviation  has  only  been  where  the 
idiom  of  our  language  rendered  it  absolutely 
necessary.  The  burden  is  repeated  after  each 
verse. 

"  I  slept  in  the  forest  all  alone  — 
I  slept  till  a  year  and  a  month  had  flown. 
Hun  ela,  va  mabik,  va  mabik  ! 
Hun  eta,  toutouik  lalla  !  f 

"  A  fair  bird  perch'd  on  the  greenwood  tree, 
And  he  caroll'd  sweetly  and  merrily. 

"  It  was  like  the  rippling  of  a  rill 
At  even-tide  when  the  breeze  is  still. 


*  Villemarque  indulges  in  conjectures  on  the  deriva- 
tion of  Merlin,  and  after  going  over  the  various  forms 
of  the  name,  such  as  Marthin,  Myrdhinn,  Marzin, 
Meller,  Melziar,  &c.,  remarks  that  "  Tous  les  lexico- 


graphes  Bretons  s'accordent  a  traduire  marz  par  '  mer- 
veille'"    But  may  not  Merlin  le  the  diminutive  of  the 
"    word  merle,  and  so  signify  a  little  bird,  in  i~*- 
miraculous  birth  and  origin? 
t  L  e.  "  Sleep  now,  my  infant,  my  infant ! 
Sleep  now,  my  little  darling ! " 


3'd  S.  V.  MAY  7,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


373 


"  Such  the  spell  of  the  soothing  lay, 

It  wafted  my  very  soul  away ! 
"  Aye !  and  wherever  the  fair  bird  went, 

Thither,  alas !  were  my  footsteps  bent. 
"  This  was  the  little  bird's  charmed  lay — 

*  Thine  eyes  are  pearls  on  the  hawthorn  spray ! 
"  '  Th'  earliest  glow  o'  the  morning  light, 

Meets  a  gleam  more  pure  and  bright : 
«  '  The  Sun  up-springing  from  eastern  sea, 

Says,  This  royal  virgin  my  bride  shall  be ! ' 
«  Little  bird!  little  bird!  hush  that  strain— 

Thy  notes  of  flattery  fall  in  vain. 
"  Prate  not  to  me  of  the  earliest  streak, 

Tinging  with  splendour  the  mountain  peak  j 
"  Tell  not  of  pearls  on  the  hawthorn  spray, 

If  I  am  belov'd  by  the  God  of  Day ! 
"  And  sweeter  and  wilder  the  notes  became* 

Till  a  trance  stole  over  my  wearied  frame. 
"  I  slept  where  an  oak  its  branches  flung  — 

It  was  the  tree  whence  the  fair  bird  sung. 
"  I  dream'd  I  was  in  a  lonely  grot, 

And  a  little  Duz  'twas  who  own'd  the  spot.* 
"  The  grot  was  nigh  to  a  fairy  spring ; 

And  the  tiny  waves  aye  were  murmuring : 
"  The  walls  were  diamonds  and  emeralds  green ; 

The  trellis'd  gate  was  of  crystal  sheen : 
"  Softest  moss  was  beneath  my  tread, 

And  cowslip  and  violet  odours  shed. 
"  And  the  little  Duz  who  own'd  the  grot, — 

Joyous  was  I,  for  1  saw  him  not. 
"  And  there  came  the  coo  of  a  turtle-dove, 

As  he  flew  'mid  the  spreading  trees  above. 
"  Never  was  bird  more  fair  withal ; 

And  he  flapp'd  his  wings  'gainst  the  diamond  wall. 
"  He  tapp'd  at  the  portal  crystalline ; 

Alas,  my  poor  heart !  that  I  let  him  in : 
"  Round  he  flew,  as  if  seeking  rest ; 

He  perch'd  on  my  shoulder,  and  kiss'd  my  breast ; 
"  Three  times  kiss'd  he  my  cheeks  so  red ; 

Then  away  and  away  to  the  greenwood  fled.f 
"  He  merrily  coo'd,  and  he  seem'd  right  glad, — 

I  curs'd  my  fate,  for  my  heart  was  sad. 
"  And  my  tears  flow'd  fast  by  night  and  day, 

While  my  infant's  cradle  I  rock'd  alway. 
"  I  wish'd  his  sire  in  the  icy  cell, 

'Mid  chilling  snows,  where  the  dark  sprites  dwell.J 


*  The  Duz  or  Duzik  (vide  «  Barzaz  Breiz ")  was  a 
gnome,  dwarf,  or  fairy,  who  presided  over  springs  and 
grottos.  Some  archaeologists  argue  that  he  is  identical 
with  the  frolicsome  domestic  spirit  called  by  the  dif- 
ferent names  of  Lutin,  Puck,  Hob,  Wilfrey,  Pam,  &c.  &c. 
One  thing,  however,  is  quite  certain — we  moderns  have 
not  forgotten  him,  and  occasionally  ask  him  to  take 
obnoxious  individuals!  As  the  Duz  had  the  power  to 
assume  various  forms,  animate  and  inanimate,  the  Bre- 
tons argue  that  he  was  the  turtle  dnve  of  the  ballad. 

t  The  "  greenwood  "  is  tn  the  original.  No  terms  are 
more  universal  in  European  ballad  literature  than  "  green- 
wood "  and  "  greenwood  tree." 

The  Celtic  tribes  believed  in  a  species  of  purgatory, 
bnt  the  place  was  amidst  ribs  of  ice,  and  in  caverns  of 
eternal  snow.,  This  pagan  superstition  has  been  engrafted 
on  Christianity.  The  Rev.  S.  VV.  King,  in  his  most  in- 
tonating and  valuable  work,  The  Italian  Valleys  of  the 
I't'/inine  Alps  (London,  Murray),  says,  in  his  account  of 
the  Val  di  Bours,  "  A  singular  superstition  is  current 


"  My  infant  open'd  his  eyes  and  smil'd, 

And  this  was  the  song  of  my  new-born  child, 

*  Hun  eta,  va  mabik,  va  mabik  ! 

Hun  eta,  toutouik  lalla  ! 
"  '  Dry  be  thy  tears !  all  joy  be  thine ! 

Wee'p  not  my  mother!  the  grief  be  mine! 
"  '  Thou  would'st  my  sire  in  the  icy  cell, — 

The  chilling  snows,  where  the  dark  sprites  dwell. 
"  <  Mother !  my  father  dwells  afar. 

Between  the  moon  and  the  morning  star. 
" « And  the  light  of  the  sun  and  the  moon  is  dim 

To  the  glorious  lustre  surrounding  him. 
"  «  Heaven !  preserve  him  from  the  cell, — 

From  chilling  snows  where  the  dark  sprites  dwell.* 
*  '  It  is  he  who  succours  the  heart  opprest  — 

It  is  he  who  gives  to  the  weary  rest. 
«  «  Bless  the  hour  that  gave  me  birth ; 

For  my  country's  weal  was  I  sent  on  earth. 
" '  All  mystic  things  shall  to  me  be  known, 

And  my  fame  shall  over  the  world  be  blown. 
"«  And  the  spirits  that  rule  the  air  and  sea 

Shall  own  my  power,  and  my  subjects  be.' 
"  Then  round  her  neck  were  his  small  arms  slung  — 

(Tale  more  wond'rous  has  ne'er  been  sung.) 

And  the  descant  flow'd  from  the  infant's  tongue, 
*  Hun  eta,  va  mabik,  va  mabik  ! 
Hun  eta  !  toutouik  lalla  ! '  "  f 
Florence,  Italy,  Dec.  31, 1863. 


with  regard  to  the  wild  glaciers  which  wreathe  round 
the  bases  of  these  icy  summits.  Strange  wails  and  mourn- 
ful cries  are  often  heard  issuing  from  their  awful  fissures, 
which  are  believed  to  be  the  moans  of  lost  souls,  con- 
demned to  expiate  their  sins  in  the  bowels  of  ice.  So 
fixed  is  the  belief,  that  often  many  persons  in  a  year  have 
been  known  to  make  a  weary  and  dangerous  pilgrimage 
on  the  lonely  glacier ;  where  on  their  bare  knees,  they 
have  offered  long  and  earnest  prayers  for  the  liberation 
of  the  unhappy  souls,  and  also  for  their  own  deliverance 
from  such  a  fate  j  imagining  that  either  in  life,  or  after 
death,  they  must  expiate  their  sins  by  visiting  these 
dread  regions." 

The  Val  di  Bours  is  a  portion  of  Celtic  Piedmont,  and 
the  belief  has  no  doubt  been  handed  down  traditionally. 
But  such  an  idea  is  not  confined  to  a  Roman  Catholic 
valley — it  prevails  in  the  Protestant  Canton  de  Vaud, 
Switzerland,  and  the  awful  fissures  on  the  glaciers  of  the 
Dent  de  Morales  called  the  "glaciers  of  Plan -neve,"  are 
believed  to  be  inhabited  by  lost  souls.  As  the  Vaudois 
peasant  does  not  believe  in  Purgatory,  he  regards  the 
icy  caverns  of  his  canton  as  a  place  of  punishment  where 
sinners  are  confined  without  hope  of  relief.  The  Canton 
de  Vaud  is  a  portion  of  Celtic  Switzerland. 

As  connected  with  this  subject,  Wordsworth's 

«  Marble  belt 

Of  central  earth,  where  tortured  spirits  pine 
For  grace  and  goodness  lost ; " 

and  Moore's  — 

.    .    .    "  Ere  condemn'd  we  go 
To  freeze  'mid  Hecla's  snow," 

will  occur  to  the  poetical  reader. 

*  The  expression  rendered  "  dark  sprites "  is  in  the 
original  "  black  sprites." 

|  For  the  better  understanding  of  the  ballad,  we  may 
observe  that  it  is  a  nursery  song,  sung  by  a  Breton  nurse 
to  her  child.  The  nurse  uses  the  first  person,  and  as- 
sumes the  characfer  of  Merlin's  mother,  until  the  last 
verse,  which  is  sung  by  the  nurse  inpropria  persona. 


374 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


V.  MAY  7,  '64. 


CERTIFICATE  OF  CONFORMITY,  1641. 

"  George,  by  God's  pvidence  Lorde  Bushopp  of  Here 
ford,  To  all  to  whom  these  psents  shall  come  greetinge  in 
our  Lorde  God  everlastinge :  knowe  yee  that  Roger  Letch 
more,  of  the  pishe  of  ffownehope,  wthin  the  Dioces  o 
Hereff,  Gent.,  havynge  byn  formlye  indicted  and  con- 
victed  for  a  Recusant,  appeared "  psonally  before    the 
right  worfu11  John  Kyrle,  Barronett,  and  Ambrose  Elton 
Esquire,  beinge  twoe  of  his  Maties  justices  of  the  peact 
wthin  the  Countye  of  Hereff.,  uppon  the  nyneteenth  daye 
of  June  last  past,  at  the  pishe  of  Much  Marcle,  in  the 
Countye  of  Heref. ;   and  then  and  there  did  willinglye 
submitt  hym  selfe  to  the  state  and  Church  of  England 
and  in  pfession  of  his  Conformitye  to  the  sayd  State  anc 
Church,  did  then  and  there  take  the  oathe  of  allegeance 
and  supremacye  to  the  kinge's  most  excellent  Matie,  and 
faythfullye  pmysed  and  ptested  the  same  daye  before  the 
sayd  Barronett  Kyrle  and  Ambrose  Elton  (as  I  am  credi- 
blye  informed  by  certificat  remaynynge  in  my  custodye 
under  the  hands  of  the  sayd  Barronett  Kyrle  and  Ambrose 
Elton),  from  thenceforth  accordinge  to  the  lawes  and 
statuts  of  this  Realme  to  continue  such  his  Conformitye 
in  his  due  obedience  to  the  Kinges  Matie,  his  heyres  and 
successors,  to  his  lyves  ende :  and  I  have  received  as  well 
a^Certificat,  under  the  hande  of  Robert  Gregorie,  clarke, 
vicar  of  ffownehope,  aforesayd,  bearinge  date  the  twen- 
tieth day  of  June  last  past,  testifyinge  that  the  sayd 
Roger  Letchmore,  for  the  space  of  more  than  one  whole 
yeare  last  past,  conformed  hym  selfe ;  duringe  wch  tyme 
hee  hath  usuallye  frequented  his  pishe  church  of  ffowne- 
hope aforesayd ;  and  there  did  religeouslye  demeane  him- 
selfe  during  the  tyme  of  dyvyne  Service  reade,  and  ser- 
mon preached,  and  at  the  ffeast  of  Easter  last  past  the 
Sacrament  of  the  Lorde Y  Supper  administered,  then  and 
there  alsoe  the  sayd  Roger  Letchmore  (amongst  other 
of  the  Congregacon  there  psent)  receaved  and  tooke  the 
holye  Sacrament,  admin  istred  unto  hym  by  the  hands  of 
the  sayd  Mr  Gregory,  as  in  and  by  the  sayd  certificatt 
remaynynge  in  my  custodye  more  at  lardge  y»  doth  and 
may  appeare. 

"  In  wittnesse  whereof,  I  have  sett  to  my  hande  and 
Episcopall  Scale,  the  thirtith  day  of  June,  in  the  seven- 
teenth yeare  of  the  raigne  of  our  sov'rigne  lorde  Charles, 
by  the  Grace  of  God  Kinge  of  England,  Scotland,  ffrance, 
and  Irelande,  Defender  of  the  ffaythe,  etc.  Anno  que 
dm,  1641. 

(L.S.)  "  GEO.  HEREFORD." 

The  above  is  preserved  among  the  muniments 
of  Sir  Edmund  Lechmere,  Bart.,  at  Severn-End, 
in  the  county  of  Worcester ;  and  may  be  inter- 
esting to  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  as  a  certificate 
of  Conformity,  granted  by  the  Bishop  of  Hereford 
(George  Coke)  to  a  member  of  the  ancient  family 
of  Lechmere,  of  Fanhope  (a  younger  branch  of 
the  Lechmeres  of  Hanley),  in  the  year  1641. 

E.  P.  SHIRLEY. 
Lower  Eatington  Park. 


WORDS  AND  PLACES  IN  DEVONSHIRE. 

• 

1.  Among  other  examples  of  the  Celtic  root 
dun,  "  a  hill  fortress,"  Mr.  Taylor  (p.  235,  and 
again  p.  402,)  gives  South  Molton  as  representing 
the  ancient  Meli^awim.  His  authority  is  Baxter 
(Glossarium,  s.  v.  "Melidunum").  But  Baxter 
was  guided  solely  by  a  similarity  of  sound.  There 


is  not  the  slightest  reason  for  fixing  a  Roman 
station  at  South  Molton.  No  Roman  remains 
have  ever  been  found  there.  The  town  is,  of 
course,  named  from  the  river  Mole  on  which  it 
stands ;  and  it  is  unnecessary  to  look  for  the 
Celtic  dun  here,  any  more  than  in  North  Molfow, 
or  in  North  and  South  Tawfow,  on  the  river  Taw. 
Baxter,  it  may  be  added,  places  South  Molton 
wrongly,  "  ad  Tavum  amnem  ;"  meaning,  appar- 
ently, on  the  Taw,  into  which  the  Mole  runs. 

2.  Mr.  Taylor  asserts  (p.  255)  that,  "  in  Devon 
the  ancient  Cymric  speech  feebly  lingered  on  till 
the  reign  of  Elizabeth ;  while  in  Cornwall,  it  was 
the  general  medium  of  intercourse  in  the  time  of 
Henry  VIII.     What  authority  is  there  for  the 
former  statement?      I  know  of  none  whatever. 
The  Saxon  border  had  been  driven  some  way 
down  into  Cornwall  at  an  early  period ;  and  al- 
though there  may  be  little  doubt  that  the  villains 
on  many  of  the  Devonshire  manors  were  of  Celtic 
blood,  there  is  no  evidence,  so  far  as  I  know,  that 
the  "  Cymric  speech  "  lingered  in  Devonshire  at 
any  period  after  the  Conquest.  / 

3.  "  On  the  frontier  between  the  Celts  of  Corn- 
wall and  the  Saxons  of  Devon  stands  the  village 
of  Marham  "  (p.  279).     In  the  word  "  Marham," 
Mr.  Taylor  finds  the  Saxon  Mark,  "  boundary." 
Marham  church  is  dedicated  to  St.  Morwenna 
(locally  "  Morrmer  "),  as  is  that  of  Morwenstow 
on  the  adjoining  coast.     The  saint's  name  has 
probably  been  Saxonised  into  Marham. 

4.  «  The  Stannary  Court  of  the  Duchy  of  Cornwall  is 
an  assembly  which  represents,  in  continuous  succession, 
the  local  courts  of  the  ancient  Britons.    The  court  was 
formerly  held  in  the  open  air  on  the  summit  of  Croken 
Tor,  where  the  traveller  may  still  see  concentric  tiers  of 
seats  hewn  out  of  the  rock.    The  name  of  Croken  Tor 
evidently  refers  to  a  deliberative  assembly;  and  Wist- 
man's  Wood,  in  the  immediate  neighbourhood,  suggests 
the  wisdom  traditionally  imputed  to  the  grave  and  re- 
verend seniors  who  took  part  in  the  debates." — P.  308. 

The  Cornish  Stannary  Court  was  never  held  on 

rokern  (not  Crokew)  Tor,  which  is  on  Dartmoor. 

A  general  court  for  the  regulation  of  the  tinners 

of  Devon  and  Cornwall  was  held  on  Hengstone 

Eill  (in  Cornwall,  just  across  the  Tamar),  until, 

n  the  reign  of  Edward  I.,  that  for  Devon  was 

removed  to  Crockern  Tor.     It  is  possible — but  of 

this   there  is   no   direct   proof — that  before  this 

division  a  local  court   may  have  been   held   on 

~rockern  Tor ;    but  that  the   name,  "  evidently 

refers  to  a  deliberative   assembly,"  *  is,  at  least, 

uncertain.     It  is  pronounced  "  Crokern,"  and  not 

Croken,"  as   Mr.  Taylor  apparently   supposes. 

There  is  a  village  called  "  Crokern  Well,"  on  the 


*  "  We  have  the  Welsh  word  gragan, '  to  speak  loud,' 
whence  comes  the  English  verb,  'to  croak.'  .  .  .  The 
reading  of  a  door,  and  the  name  of  the  corn-crake,  are 
rom  the  same  root.  Compare  the  Sanscrit  kru$,  '  to  call 
ut';  the  Greek,  Kp&tw,  and  the  Latin,  croctre." — Taylor, 
.  309  (note). 


3rd  S.  V.  MAY  7,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


375 


road  between  Oakhampton  and  Exeter;  and 
*'  Croker,"  the  name  of  one  of  the  oldest  Devon- 
shire families, — 

"  Croker,  Cruwys,  and  Coplestone, 
When  the  Conqueror  came,  were  found  at  home," — 

may  perhaps  be  connected.  Pryce  (Cornish  Voca- 
bulary, 1790)  asserts  that  Chrecken,  or  Chrocken, 
in  Cornish  and  Brezonec,  signifies  "  a  little  hill ;" 
and  Crockern  is  the  lowest  of  three  or  four  neigh- 
bouring Tors. 

No  tradition  has  ever  connected  Wistman's 
Wood  (it  is  properly  Whishtman's  or  Wishman's 
Wood)  with  Crockern  Tor.  Mrs.  Bray  (Legends 
of  the  Tamar  and  Tarn/)  was  the  first  to  find  wis- 
dom in  its  name;  and  to  connect  it  with  the  lore 
of  older  "wise  men" — Druids.  I  believe  the 
"  whishtman,"  to  whom  the  wood  belongs,  to  be 
the  master  of  the  "  whish  "  hounds, — an  unearthly 
pack  with  fiery  mouths,  which  hunts  over  Dart- 
moor. Wusc,  or  Wise,  seems  to  have  been  one 
of  the  names  of  Odin  (Kemble,  Saxons  in  Eng- 
land, vol.  i.  p.  345);  and  "whishtness"  is  the 
common  Devonshire  word  for  all  supernatural 
beings  and  dealings.  RICHARD  JOHN  KING. 


SIMILAR  STORIES  IN  DIFFERENT  LOCALITIES. — 
At  Belmont,  near  Lausanne,  Switzerland,  we  have 
the  old  stories  of  hedging  in  the  cuckoo ;  of  the 
farmer  who  built  a  wall  round  his  turnip-field  to 
keep  the  flies  off ;  and  also  of  the  coats  beneath 
the  church.  This  last  story  is  the  same  as  the 
Essex  (Coggleshall)  version.  Some  Belmonters 
had  an  idea  that  their  church  would  be  all  the 
better  if  moved  three  yards  to  the  west ;  so  they 
marked  the  distance  by  leaving  their  coats.  They 
then  pushed  against  the  eastern  wall.  A  thief 
stole  the  coats,  and  the  peasants  found  they  had 
pushed  too  far  !  A  "  seedy  "  Belmonter  is  sure  to 
be  told  to  "  have  a  push  at  the  church ! "  The 
Belmont  people  also  have  a  moon  of  their  own, 
quite  different  to  the  one  at  Lausanne  !  As  a  proof 
of  the  simplicity  of  the  Belmonters,  they  tell  a 
story  that  a  stranger  who  came  to  reside  there 
was  pounced  upon  for  two  permis  de  sejours. 
"  Two ! "  said  the  Frenchman ;  "  why  I  am 
garqon,  and  by  myself!  "  "  No  !  "  said  the  tax- 
gatherer  ;  "  you  have  a  little  boy,  who  must  pay." 
The  boy  was  a  tame  monkey  ! 

I  am  not  aware  that  we  have  any  joke  re- 
sembling the  last.  Happily,  we  have  no  such 
thing  as  a  permis  de  sejour ;  that  is  an  exaction 
peculiar  to  free  and  republican  Switzerland, 
where  I  may  observe  there  is  more  petty  tyranny 
exercised  towards  strangers  resident,  than  there 
is  in  even  Austria  and  the  Koman  States. 

S.  JACKSON. 

FRENCH  BIBLE.  —Whilst  looking  over  a  book, 
containing  some  curious  and  quaint  old  facts,  I 


came  upon  a  history  of  a  "  French  Bible,"  printed 
by  Anthony  Bonnemere,  at  Paris,  in  1538; 
wherein  is  related  the  following  facts :  — 

"  That  the  ashes  of  the  golden  calf,  which  Moses  caused 
to  be  burnt,  and  mixed  with  the  water  that  was  drunk 
by  the  Israelites,  stuck  to  the  beards  of  such  has  had 
fallen  down  before  it ;  by  which  they  appeared  with  gilt 
beards,  as  a  peculiar  mark  to  distinguish  those  which  had 
worshipped  the  calf." 

This  idle  story  is  actually  interwoven  with  the 
32nd  chapter  of  Exodus.  And  Bonnemere  says, 
in  his  preface,  this  French  Bible  was  printed  in 
1495,  at  the  request  of  his  most  Christian  Majesty 
Charles  VIII.  ;  and  declares  further,  that  the 
French  translator  "has  added  nothing  but  the 
genuine  truths,  according  to  the  express  terms  of 
the  Latin  Bible ;  nor  omitted  anything  but  what 
was  improper  to  be  translated  ! "  So  that  we  are 
to  look  upon  this  fiction  of  the  gilded  beards  as 
matter  of  fact ;  and  another  of  the  same  stamp, 
inserted  in  the  chapter  above  mentioned,  viz. 
that  — 

"Upon  Aaron's  refusing  to  make  gods  for  the  Is- 
raelites, they  spat  upon  him  with  so  much  fury  and 
violence,  that  they  quite  suffocated  him." 

THOMAS  THISELTON  DYER. 

King's  College. 

CAPTAIN  NATHANIEL  PORTLOCK,  whose  voyage 
round  the  world  with  Capt.  George  Dixon,  was 
published  in  1789,  and  an  abridgement  of  which 
appeared  in  1791,  died  Sept.  12,  1817.  As  to 
him  see  Lowndes's  Bibl.  Manual,  ed.  Bohn,  1930 ; 
Annual  Register,  xli.  307,]  36  ;  Gent.  Mag.  Ixxvi. 
1075  ;  Ixxxvii.  (2)  379 ;  Bromley's  Cat.  of  En- 
graved Portraits,  473 ;  and  James's  Naval  Hist. 
ed.  Chamier,  ii.  344,  345.  He  is  surely  better 
entitled  to  a  place  in  our  Biographical  Dic- 
tionaries than  many  who  appear  there. 

S.  Y.  K. 

AN  ANCIENT  CRAFT.— The  following  cutting  is 
taken  from  a  New  England  journal.  May  not 
the  old  craft  have  a  remembrance  in  "N.  &  Q.  ?  "— 

"  The  vessel  recently  discovered  buried  in  the  sand  on 
the  eastern  coast  of  Orleans,  Cape  Cod,  was  35  feet  in 
length,  had  a  tonnage  of  40  to  50  tons,  and  was  called 
the  Sparrowhawk.  She  is  supposed  to  be  the  first  trans- 
port sent  with  provisions  to  the  Pilgrims  after  their  land- 
ing. Six  years  after  the  landing  on  Plymouth  Rock— 
237  years  ago — she  attempted  to  get  out  of  Potonomicut 
harbour,  as  it  was  then  called,  but  ran  upon  a  sand-bar 
and  bilged,  and  in  the  constant  changes  in  the  coast 
there  she  was  entirely  buried  in  ten  or  fifteen  years,  and 
so  she  has  remained  until  a  few  weeks  ago,  when  some 
sand  was  washed  away,  and  she  was  discovered. 

"  The  deck  was  gone,  and  the  floor  below  the  deck  was 
strewn  with  staves  and  heads  of  barrels,  and  among  them 
a  large  quantity  of  bones — some  of  beef,  some  of  pork,  and 
some  of  mutton.  The  hoops  of  the  barrels  had  mostly 
disappeared ;  they  may  have  been  of  iron,  and  so  dissolved 
by  the  action  of  the  sea  water. 

""All  the  bolts  and  spikes  and  iron  used  in  the  con- 
struction of  the  vessel  had  also  disappeared,  or  so  mingled 
with  the  sand  as  to  form  a  kind  of  reddish  stone,  quite 


376 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  s.  V.  MAY  7,  '64. 


hard ;  while  the  ribs  and  planks  and  trunnels,  of  good  old 
English  oak,  still  remain  quite  sound.  Memento  hunters 
are  hacking  away  at  her  in  such  numbers  that  soon  there 
will  be  nothing  left.  The  early  records  of  Plymouth 
colony  contain  references  to  the  loss  of  the  Sparrow- 
hawk." 

w.  w. 

Malta. 

AUSTIN  FRIABS'  CHURCH. —  One  can  hardly 
doubt  that  the  able  architect,  under  whose  care 
this  venerable  relic  of  Old  London  is  being  re- 
stored, will  detect,  in  the  course  of  his  work,  the 
curious  mistake  which  has  been  for  many  years 
allowed  to  remain  on  its  facade,  just  over  the 
great  window.  The  date,  in  large  Roman  nume- 
rals, stands  thus,  A.D.  MCCLIJI.  J. 


BALLAD  QUERIES. — Can  any  one  inform  me 
where  I  can  procure  a  ballad  commencing  thus  ? 

"  It  was  the  Knight  Sir  Aage, 

He  to  the  island  rade ; 
He  married  the  ladye  Else, 
Who  had  been  so  long  a  maid. 

"He  married  the  lady  Else, 

All  with  the  gold  so  red  — 
Ere  a  month  had  pass'd  and  gone, 
The  lady  Else  was  dead." 

The  ballad  is  Scandinavian,  Danish,  or  Norse, 
and  was  inserted  in  a  periodical  called  The  Port- 
folio ;  but  whether  it  was  an  original  translation, 
or  copied,  I  know  not.  The  Portfolio  does  not 
appear  in  the  Museum  Catalogue,  nor  can  I  find 
it  elsewhere. 

I  also  should  like  a  copy  of  a  ballad  called 
"  Lord  Malcom,"  written  in  the  Lewisian  stanza, 
f.  e.  in  that  of  "  Alonzo  the  Brave."  It  was  often 
quoted  by  Horsley  Curteis,  Charlotte  Dacre  (Rosa 
Matilda),  and  the  romance  writers  of  the  Minerva 
school.  I  remember  a  part  of  a  verse  — 

"The  chill  dew  is  falling—damp,  damp  is  the  night; 
The  rums  are  lonely— Oh  God !  for  a  light. 
Lord  Malcom !  and  thou  art  death  cold." 

Miss  Jane  Porter  wrote  a  ballad  called  "  Lord 
Malcom,"  but  it  is  not  the  one  inquired  after,  and 
is  m  a  different  metre. 

I  also  wish  to  know  who  wrote  the  ballad  of 
the  "  Lists  of  Naseby  Wold,  or  the  White-armed 
Ladye's  Oath."  It  appeared  in  Friendship's  Of- 
fering, and  has  been  inserted  in  Mr.  J.  S.  Moore's 
interesting  work  published  by  Bell  &  Daldy.  I 
had  heard  that  Mrs.  Howitt  was  the  author,  but 
that  lady  assured  me  that  she  was  not,  and  had 
no  idea  who  was.  It  is  one  of  the  most  beautiful 
01^  modern  ballads,  and  was  a  particular  favourite 
with  the  late  James  Telfer,  the  author  of  "  Our 
Ladye  s  Girdle,"  &c.,  inserted  by  Mr.  Moore  in 
h\sHook  of  Ancient  Ballad  Poetry.  S.  JACKSON 

The  Flatts,  Yorkshire. 


BURNETT  AND  OTHER  FAMILY  QUERIES. — 
Wanted  particulars  of  the  family  of  Burnett,  who 
lived  in  Rotherhithe  early  or  in  the  middle  of 
the  eighteenth  century.  Also  particulars  of  one 
George  Burnett,  who  lived  in  Horsley  down,  1734, 
and  was  a  cornfactor,  1738.  Can  any  one  tell  me 
who  was  one  Robert  Burnett,  secretary  of  New 
Jersey,  America,  1733  ?  Who  was  Richard  Bris- 
towe  Burnett,  of  Exeter  Court,  Strand,  who  died 
1795? 

Who  was  Benj.  Burnett,  living  in  Austin  Friars, 
1789  ?  Who  was  Noel  Burnett,  who  died  1736,  a 
Spanish  merchant,  living  in  Gracechurch  Street  ? 
Who  was  Thos.  Burnett,  stockbroker,  died  1768  ? 
Who  was  John  Burnett,  who  died  1790;  and 
John  Burnett,  ob.  at  Fulham,  1689;  William 
Burnett,  born  1685,  died  1760  at  Croydon  ;  also, 
Alexander  Burnett,  born  at  Croydon,  1718,  aged 
ninety-nine  ?  Who  were  the  Burnetts  living  at 
Chigwell,  Essex  ?  What  became  of  those  Bur- 
netts, descended  from  Burnett  of  Leys :  Duncan, 
Robert,  Thomas  (a  doctor  at  Norwich),  Alexan- 
der, and  Gilbert— all  brothers  ?  Any  particulars 
of  any  one  of  these  persons,  would  be  thank- 
fully received. 

Particulars  wanted  of  the  family  of  Gibson  of 
Kirby  Lonsdale,  "Westmoreland.  One  Elizabeth 
married  Edward  Bainbridge,  1740.  Also,  who 
was  the  wife  of  one  Henry  Bainbridge,  living  at 
Barton,  near  Kirby  Lonsdale,  about  the  end  of 
1600— say  1680,  and  upwards? 

Particulars  also  wanted  of  a  family  called 
Barons,  living  at  Watford  early  in  1800,  before 
and  afterwards ;  also,  particulars  of  a  family 
called  Church;  also,  of  a  family  called  Waters, 
relations  of  the  celebrated  Sir  John  Waters,  born 
in  Glamorganshire ;  and  also,  of  a  family  of  the 
name  of  Swann,  living  in  Berks  some  eighty  years 
ago.  H.  A.  BATNBRIDGE. 

Eustoii  Square. 

THOMAS  BENTLEY  or  CHISWICK  OR  TURNHAM 
GREEN. — I  am  anxious,  for  genealogical  purposes, 
to  ascertain  whether  Thomas  Bentley,  who  lived 
at  Turnham  Green  and  died  in  1780,  left  any 
family,  and  if  so,  their  present  whereabouts. 
Bentley  was  in  early  life  of  Manchester  and  of 
Liverpool,  &c.  Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q." 

five  me  this,  or  any  other  information  concerning 
im  or  his  family  ?  L.  JEWITT. 

Derby. 

"  THE  BLACK  BEAR"  AT  CUMNOR. — Some  years 
ago,  passing  through  Cumnor,  I  was  surprised  not 
only  to  find  an  inn  called  "  the  Black  Bear "  in 
the  village,  but  that  the  name  of  one  of  the  minor 
characters  in  Scott's  Kenilworth  was  painted  at 
the  bottom  of  the  sign-board ;  it  was  either  Giles 
Gosling  or  Michael  Lambourne,  I  forget  which, 
but  should  like  to  know.  Did  Scott  take  his  sign 
and  the  name  of  the  publican  from  what  he  saw 


3rd  S.  V.  MAY  7,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


377 


when  he  visited  Cumnor,  or  were  the  sign  and  the 
publican's  name  humorously  borrowed  from  the 
novel  ?  Visiting  Cumnor  church  I  found  from  a 
monument  that  the  celebrated  Tony  Forster  was 
not  the  surly  domestic  presented  by  Scott,  but  a 
gentleman  of  high  repute.  I  afterwards  learnt 
from  a  tablet  in  Aldermaston  church  in  the  ad- 
joining county  of  Berks,,  that  the  Forsters  had 
formerly  resided  there.  In  this  church  is  a  very 
fine  altar  tomb  of  white  marble,  to  the  memory  of 
a  knight  and  his  lady  of  this  family.  Was  Anthony 
Forster,  of  Cumnor,  of  the  same  family  as  the 
Forsters  of  Aldermaston  ?  H.  C. 

CATHARINE  OF  BRAGANZA. — In  Carte's  Life  of 
Ormonde  it  is  stated  that  the  retinue  of  this 
princess,  on  arriving  at  England,  was  composed 
of  252  persons.  Are  there  any  documents  ex- 
tant which  give  either  tlieir  names  or  their  sub- 
sequent history  ?  OXONIENSIS. 

CHESS.  —  Does  the  20th  epigram  of  Martial 
(book  xiv.)  describe  the  game  of  chess  ?  — 

"  Insidiosorum  si  ludis  bella  latronum, 
Gemmeus  iste  tibi  miles  et  hostis  erit." 

Does  it  mean  that  the  knights  on  either  side 
should  be  made  of  gems  ? 

A  French  commentator  translates  the  epigram 
thus :  — 

"  Si  tu  joues  au  jeu  d'echecs,  qui  represente  les  em- 
buches  de  la  guerre,  voila  des  soldats  et  des  ennemis 
enrichis  de  pierreries." 

If  not  chess,  what  game  was  this  ?  D. 

SIR  THOMAS  DELALAUNDE.  —  Information  re- 
specting the  above  person,  who  forfeited  his  life 
in  the  insurrection  instigated  by  Sir  Robert 
Welles,  is  requested.  Are  any  of  his  descendants 
now  alive  ?  JOHN  BOWEN  ROWLANDS. 

THE  DOWNS  LANDS  IN  HAMPSHIRE.  —  Cobbett, 
in  his  Rural  Rides  (p.  538),  informs  his  readers,  a 
chalk  bottom  does  not  suffer  the  surface  to  burn, 
however  shallow  the  top  soil  may  be.  And,  he 
adds  : 

"  It  seems  to  me  to  absorb  and  to  retain  the  water,  and 
to  keep  it  ready  to  be  drawn  up  by  the  heat  of  the  sun— 
at  any  rate,  the  fact  is,  that  the  surface  above  it  does  not 
burn;  for  there  never  yet  was  a  summer,  not  even  this  last 
(1825),  when  the  Downs  did  not  retain  their  greenness  to 
a  certain  degree ;  while  the  rich  pastures,  and  even  the 
meadows  (except  actually  watered)  were  burnt  so  as  to 
be  as  brown  as  the  bare  earth." 

Will  any  of  your  readers  do  me  the  great  favour 
to  inform  me  the  cause  why  a  chalk  bottom  does 
not  suffer  the  surface  of  the  soil  above  to  burn  ? 
And  if  he  can  refer  me  to  any  work  in  which  the 
suVpect  is  discussed  at  length,  I  shall  feel  greatly 

FRA.  MEWBUHN. 

-Larchfield,  Darlington. 

ENGRAVING  BY  BARTOLOZZI.— I  have  before  me 
an  engraving  of  Bartolozzi's,  from  a  picture  by 


R.  L.  West:  size,  about  5  inches  by  4;  date, 
1801.  The  treatment  is  admirable.  The  subject 
is  a  starving  man,  on  a  wretched  bedstead.  Two 
rats  are  on  the  floor,  and  an  empty  dish  and  spoon. 
The  feet,  hands,  and  face,  are  painfully  true  ;  and 
the  light  is  streaming  through  the  broken  portion 
of  an  otherwise  dull  window.  The  print  puts  me 
so  much  in  mind  of  Wallis's  "Death  of  Chatterton," 
that  I  am  anxious  to  know  if  any  history  or  anec- 
dote appertains  to  it,  and  whether  R.  L.  West 
was  a  painter  of  any  note.  P.  P. 

ESQUIRE.  —  In  Clark's  Heraldry  are  mentioned, 
as  having  a  right  to  the  title  "  Esquire,"  "  Bache- 
lors of  Divinity,  Law,  and  Physic."  Are  the  two 
degrees  in  Arts  excluded;  and  also,  those  of 
Doctor  of  Law  and  of  Physic  ?  K.  R.  C. 

"  FAMILY  BURYING  GROUND."  —  The  following 
are  in  my  note  book  as  the  words  of  Edmund 
Burke :  — 

"  I  would  rather  sleep  in  the  southern  corner  of  a  little 
country  churchyard  than  in  the  tomb  of  all  the  Capulets. 
I  should  like,  however,  that  my  dust  should  mingle  with 
kindred  dust.  The  good  old  expression,  family  burying- 
ground,  has  something  pleasing  in  it,  at  least  to  me." 

Wanting  these  words  for  a  particular  purpose, 
may  I  ask  you  in  which  of  Burke's  writings  they 
are  to  be  found  ?  ABHBA. 

SIR  EDWARD  GORGES,  KNT.  —  Can  any  of  your 
readers  inform  me  who  were  the  father  and  mother 
of  Sir  Edward  Gorges,  Knight,  of  Wraxall,  Somer- 
set, whose  will,  a  copy  of  which  is  in  the  Wells 
Registry,  is  dated  February  6,  1565,  proved  1566, 
and  who  bequeathes  "  the  residue  of  my  goodes  " 
unto  Edward  Gorges,  "  my  cousin  and  heire  ap- 
parent," whom  he  makes  his  sole  executor  to  see 
his  body  "  brought  unto  the  earth."  His  signa- 
ture is  witnessed  by  Ann  Gorges,  widow,  and 
Francis  Gorges.  Apparently  from  this  he  died 
unmarried  and  sine  prole.  His  said  cousin  seems 
to  have  died  the  following  year,  as  in  Doctors' 
Commons  there  is  a  copy  of  a  will  of  Edward 
Gorges  of  Wraxall,  dated  10th  of  Elizabeth,  1567, 
proved  1568,  in  which  he  mentions  his  mother, 
Ann  Gorges,  and  his  brother  Francis,  and  his 
two  young  sons,  Edward  and  Ferdinando ;  the 
latter  being,  I  suspect,  the  celebrated  Sir  Ferdi- 
nando Gorges,  who  was  concerned  in  the  Essex 
rebellion  in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth.  F.  BROWN. 
Nailsea  Rectory,  Somerset. 

INFIDEL  SOCIETIES  AND  SWEDENBORGIANS. — In 
Nichols's  Literary  Anecdotes,  vol.  ix.  p.  518,  a  book 
or  pamphlet,  entitled  The  Rise  and  Dissolution  of 
the  Infidel  Societies,  is  described  as  containing  "  a 
genuine  account  of  the  origin  of  the  Swedenbor- 
gians  in  this  country."  Can  any  one  give  me  the 
date  of  this  publication,  the  name  of  its  author,  or 
any  other  particulars  concerning  it  ? 

HARDY  CLARKE. 


378 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  V.  MAY  7,  '64. 


LANCASHIRE  WILLS  FOB  THE  SIXTEENTH  CEN- 
TURY.— I  read,  in  Baines's  History  of  Lancashire 
(vol.  i.  p.  215),  that  — 

"  Until  the  Institution  of  the  Bishopric  of  Chester,  at 
the  period  of  the  Reformation,  Lancashire  lay  within  the 
dioceses  of  Lichfield  and  Coventry;  and  wills  proved 
from  this  county  at  that  time  were  deposited  at  Lichfield, 
where  these  wills  now  remain." 

I  find  that  no  Lancashire  wills  are  now  at  Lich- 
field. Can  any  of  the  readers  of  "  K.  &  Q."  in- 
form me  where,  and  to  what  place,  they  were 
removed  ?  H.  FISHWICK. 

MONCKTON  FAMILY. — Did  Marmaduke  Monck- 
ton,  of  Cavil,  co.  York,  who  married  in  1571,  have 
any  issue  besides  Philip,  John,  and  Frances  ?  Was 
the  Rev.  Christopher  Monckton,  who  was  born 
1579,  and  died  vicar  of  Hayes  and  rector  of  Orp- 
ington, Kent,  1652,  a  son  of  the  above?  if  not,  can 
any  reader  give  his  parentage  ?  I  give  my  address 
to  prevent  the  intrusion  of  purely  personal  mat- 
ters in  your  pages.  W.  I.  S.  HORTON. 
Eugeley. 

EDWARD  WORTLEY  MONTAGUE  ran  away  from 
Westminster  School  and  entered  on  board  ship. 
Can  any  of  your  numerous  readers  inform  the 
writer  in  what  year  this  event  took  place  ?  if  so, 
they  will  oblige  the  grandson  of  the  captain  of  the 
ship.  ANON. 

JOHN  MOLESWORTH,  ESQ.,  late  of  Peterhouse 
College,  Cambridge,  and  of  the  Inner  Temple, 
published :  — 

1.  "  Proofs  of  the  Reality  and  Truth  of  Lottery  Calcu- 
lations, with  Observations  on  the  Museum  and  Adelphi 
Lotteries,  and  a  Table  showing  the  Value  of  Insurance 
each  Day  during  the  Drawing  of  the  Latter ;  likewise,  a 
Plan,  by  pursuing  which,  Two  out  of  Three  Adventurers 
will  be  successful ;  and  a  Specimen  of  Numbers,  which 
will  be  valuable  both  as  to  their  Chance  for  Prizes  and 
the  Manner  in  which  they  will  be  drawn,  insomuch  that 
considerable  odds  may  be  laid  upon  an  equal  Chance, 
with  a  Certainty  of  gaining.    London.    4to.    1774." 

2.  "  Lots  and  Numbers  of  the  Adelphi  Lottery  advan- 
tageous to  Insure;   with  a  Hint  to  the  Speculators  in 
Tickets,  by  which  there  is  a  Certainty  of  gaining,  de- 
monstrated in  a  Manner  clear  to  every  Capacity.  London, 
ovo.    1774." 

In  the  second  of  these  works  he  stated  that, 
when  a  child,  he  could  calculate  the  number  of 
seconds  in  fifty  years  by  mere  strength  of  memory, 
without  pen  and  ink ;  and  that  he  could  then  read 
and  retain  150  octavo  pages  in  an  hour.  It  seems 
that  there  are  two  engraved  portraits  of  him  : 
one  in  mezzotinto,  taken  1773,  in  his  twenty- 
second  year;  and  the  other,  taken  in  his  twenty- 
fourth  year.  Bromley  calls  him  a  lottery  broker, 
and  Evans  a  celebrated  calculator.  We  shall  be 
thankful  for  further  information  respecting  him. 
C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

"  PLAY  TOPE  '  THE  BRIDES  OF  ENDERBY.'  "  — 
1  have  read,  with  much  pleasure,  Jean  Ingelow's 


interesting  poem,  "  The  High  Tide  on  the  Coast 
of  Lincolnshire,  1571,"  and  am  desirous  of  know- 
ing whether  it  is  still  customary  for  the  "  Boston 
bells  "  to  "  play  uppe  "  that  tune  on  the  occasion 
of  any  sudden  calamity,  such  as  the  one  alluded 
to  in  the  poem,  and  why  ?  If  a  Lincolnshire  cor- 
respondent of  "  N.  &  Q."  will  kindly  furnish  the 
tradition  connected  with  it,  I  shall  be  obliged. 

A.  F. 

QUOTATIONS. — Who  are  the  authors  of  the  fol- 
lowing lines  ?  — 

"  No  spot  on  earth  but  has  supplied  a  grave, 
And  human  skulls  the  spacious  ocean  pave ; 
All's  full  of  man ;  and,  at  that  dreadful  turn, 
The  swarm  shall  issue,  and  the  hive  shall  burn." 

A.  T. 

"  The  shadowy  realm  where  Mind  and  Matter  meet." 

JULIA  CECILIA  NORMAN. 
Goadby  Hall. 

"  Green  wave  the  oak  for  ever  o'er  thy  rest, 
Thou  that  beneath  its  crowning  foliage  sleepest, 
And,  in  the  stillness  of  thy  country's  breast, 
Thy  place  of  memory  as  an  altar  keepest. 
Brightly  thj 

Thou  of  the  lyre  and  sword. 

"  Rest,  bard,  rest  soldier ;  by  the  father's  hand 
There  shall  the  child  of  after  years  be  led ; 
With  his  wreath-offering  silently  to  stand 
In  the  hushed  presence  of  the  mighty  dead ; 
Soldier  and  bard,  for  thou  thy  life  hast  trod 
With  freedom  and  with  God." 

PEMBROKE. 

"Where'er  a  human  heart 

Hath  struggled  to  be  free 
To  choose  the  better  part, 

Against  its  own  wild  will ; 
Where  tears  and  prayers  unknown 

Have  with  its  passions  striven, 
Unseen,  unmarked,  alone, 
'N eath  the  clear  glance  of  Heaven, 
Greatness  was  there !  " 

ANN  IRREP. 

"  As  if,  instead  of «  How  d'ye  do  ?  '  he'd  say, 
'  Sweet  Sir,  or  Madam,  how's  your  soul  to-day  ?  ' " 

The  above  are  all  I  remember  of  some  lines 
describing  a  popular  preacher  of  thirty  years  ago. 

J.  R. 

'That  man  who  concentrates  his  ends  to  make  them 

meet  in  self, 
Success  is  sure  to  shun  and  fortune  fail  to  friend." 

INCERTUM. 

"  There  beamed  a  smile 
So  fixed  and  holy  from  that  marble  brow, 
Death  gazed  and  left  it  there ;  he  dared  not  steal 

T^Ho  Qiornof  -rinrv  r\£  T-TaoTran  " 

W.  C.,  JUN. 


The  signet  ring  of  Heaven.' 


.    .    .     .  "  This  boke, 
When  brasse  and  marble  fade, 
Shall  make  thee  loke 
Fresh  to  all  ages." 


A.  F.  M. 


3rd  s.  V.  MAY  7,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


379 


SHEEN  PRIORY.  —  In  the  latest  edition  of  the 
Monasticon,  under  this  head  it  is  stated  (vol.  vi. 
p.  30),  that  a  representation  of  it,  in  its  ancient 
state,  is  comprised  in  one  of  the  views  of  Rich- 
mond Palace,  drawn  in  the  time  of  Philip  and 
Mary,  by  Anthony  van  Wyngaarde,  the  publication 
of  which  is  speedily  intended  by  Messrs.  Harding 
and  Lepard.  Vol.  vi.  is  dated  1830.  I  wish  to 
know  if  this  intended  publication  ever  took  place  ; 
if  not,  where  Van  Wyngraade's  drawings  now  are. 
I  have  reason  to  think  they  are  in  the  Bodleian 
Library,  but  am  not  certain.  W.  C. 

Richmond. 

REV.  SAMUEL  SLIPPER,  CHAPLAIN  TO  THE 
DUKE  OF  NORFOLK  IN  1681.  —  A  friend  has  in- 
formed me  that  he  has  found  stated  in  some 
journals  that  the  above  was  the  descendant  of  a 
Spanish  family  who  came  over  to  this  country 
about  the  time  of  Charles  II.,  and  translated  their 
name  into  its  English  equivalent.  Can  any  one 
inform  me  where  this  statement  is  to  be  found, 
and  what  is  its  authority  ?  ZAPATA. 

UPPER  AND  LOWER  EMPIRE.  —  Authors  seem  to 
differ  respecting  the  application  of  the  terms 
Upper  and  Lower  Empire  to  the  two  divisions  of 
the  Roman  world  after  the  death  of  Theodosius  ; 
for  instance,  Sir  Walter  Scott,  in  the  last  chapter 
of  Count  Robert  of  Paris,  speaking  of  the  Eastern 
Empire,  remarks,  — 

"and  at  length  was  terminated  the  reign  and  life  of 
Alexius  Comnenus,  a  prince  who,  with  all  the  faults 
which  may  be  reputed  to  him,  still  possesses  a  real  right, 
from  the  purity  of  his  general  intentions,  to  be  accounted 
one  of  the  best  sovereigns  of  the  Lower  Empire  ;  " 

while  Mr.  Humphreys,  in  the  Coin  Collector's 
Manual,  chap,  xxv.,  says,  — 

"  But  as  the  Byzantine  coins  are  of  a  distinct  class  from 
those  of  the  kingdoms  of  modern  Europe,  and  closely 
allied  to  those  of  the  Lower  Roman  Empire  of  the  West," 
&c. 

When  and  by  what  historian  were  the  terms 
Upper  and  Lower  Empire  first  used,  and  does  the 
application  of  such  expressions  to  two  provinces 
depend  upon  geographical  position,  or  upon  terri- 
torial extent  and  preponderance  of  population  ? 

H.  C. 


MRS.  MARY  DEVERELL,  who  resided  in  or  near 
Bristol,  published  Sermons,  Bristol,  8vo,  1774; 
London,  8vo,  1777  (third  edition)  ;  Miscellanies 
in  Prose  and  Verse,  London,  2  vols.  8vo,  1781  ; 
Theodore  and  Didymus,  an  heroic  poem,  8vo, 
1786;  and  Mary  Queen  of  Scots,  an  historical 
tragedy,  8vo,  1792.  Was  she  the  Mrs.  Deverell, 
relict  of  John  Deverell,  Esq.,  who  died  at  Clifton, 
August  26,  1806;  or  Mrs.  Deverell,  wife  of 
Richard  Blake  Deverell,  Esq.,  who  died  there 
June  29,  1  8  1  0  ?  The  Biographia  Dramatica  terms 


her  a  lady  of  Gloucestershire,  as  does  the  Biogra- 
phical Dictionary  of  Living  Authors,  1816.  I  need 
hardly  say  that  I  cannot  consider  the  insertion  of 
her  name  in  the  latter  work  as  proof  that  she  was 
living  at  that  period.  S.  Y.  R. 

[Mrs.  Mary  Deverell  was  the  daughter  of  a  clothier, 
residing  near  Minchin  Hampton,  in  Gloucestershire.  It 
is  stated  in  the  European  Magazine  (ii.  199)  that  "this 
lady  (in  1782)  is  unmarried,  and  is  between  forty  and 
fifty  years  of  age."] 

CHARADE. — I  should  feel  obliged  to  any  of  your 
readers  if  they  could  communicate  the  answer  of 
the  following  Charade,  which  has  been  published 
in  Verses  and  Translations  by  C.  S.  C.  [Calver- 
ley]:- 

"  Evening  threw  soberer  hue 
Over  the  blue  sky,  and  the  few 
Poplars  that  grew  just  in  the  view 
Of  the  hall  of  Sir  Hugo  de  Wynkle : 
*  Answer  me  true,'  pleaded  Sir  Hugh, 
(Striving  to  woo  no  matter  who,) 
•  What  shall  I  do,  Lady,  for  you? ' 
'Twill  be  done,  ere  your  eye  may  twinkle. 
Shall  I  borrow  the  wand  of  a  Moorish  enchanter, 
And  bid  a  decanter  contain  the  Levant,  or 
The  brass  from  the  face  of  a  Mormonite  ranter  ? 
Shall  I  go  for  the  mule  of  the  Spanish  Infantar — 
(That  r,  for  the  sake  of  the  line,  we  must  grant  her) — 
And  race  with  the  foul  fiend,  and  beat  in  a  canter, 
Like  that  first  of  equestrians  Tarn  O'Shanter  ? 
I  talk  not  mere  banter—  say  not  that  I  can't,  or 
By  this  my  first — (a  Virginian  Planter 
Sold  it  me  to  kill  rats)— I  will  die  instanter.' 
The  lady  bended  her  ivory  neck,  and 
Whispered  mournfully,  *  Go  for — my  second.' 
She  said,  and  the  red  from  Sir  Hugh's  cheek  fled, 
And  '  Nay,'  did  he  say  as  he  stalked  away, 

The  fiercest  of  injured  men : 
'  Twice  have  I  humbled  my  haughty  soul, 
And  on  bended  knee  I  have  pressed  my  whole — 
But  I  never  will  press  it  again.' " 

w.  r.  s. 

Christ  Church,  Oxford. 

[We  are  indebted  to  a  friend  for  the  following  response 
in  verse : — 

«  From  •  Sir  Hugo  de  Wynkle ' 
I'll  borrow  a  wrinkle : — 
When,  for  courtship  inclined, 
My  dearest  I  find, 
Perhaps  reading  Tupper 
Half  an  hour  before  supper, 
In  an  easy  arm-chair  by  the  fireside  reclined, 
My  bandana,  so  brilliant  with  blue,  green,  and  red, 
On  the  DRUGGET  in  due  preparation  I'll  spread, 
Then  on  both  my  knees  drop, 
Squeeze  her  fingers,  and  — pop !  "] 

SUTTON     COLDFIELD  :     "  HENRY    IV.,    PART  I.," 

Act  IV.  Sc.  2.  —  In  several  editions  of  Shak- 
speare  I  find  this  town  called  "  Sutton-Cop-Hill." 
Will  any  reader  inform  me  on  what  authority  ? 

In  the  charter,  granted  the  town  in  the  20th 
Henry  VIII. ,  it  is  styled  "  Sutton  Coldefeld,  in 
our  county  of  Warwick,  otherwise  called  Sutton 


380 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


V.  MAY  7,  '04. 


Colvyle,  otherwise  Sutton  Coldefyld,   otherwis 
Sutton."  J-  WETHERELL 

Middlesbro'-on-Tees. 

[The  town  is  called  Sutton-Cop-hill  on  the  authority 
of  all  early  copies  of  Shakspeare.  The  more  recent  edi 
tors  (Mr.  Knight  and  Mr.  Dyce  excepted)  alter  the  nam 
to  Sutton-Colfield.] 

ST.  ANDREW'S,  HOLBORN.— Is  there  any  accoun 
of  the  monuments  in  the  old  church,  many  o 
which  were  probably  destroyed  when  it  was  pullec 
down?  A  monument  was  erected  in  it,  abou" 
1720,  to  a  relative  of  mine.  I  can  now  find  m 
traces  of  it.  K-  C.  H.  H. 

[Some  notices  of  the  monuments  in  the  old  church  o 
St.  Andrew,  Holborn,  maybe  found  in  Strype's  Stow 
book  iii.  p.  248 ;  Malcolm's  Londinium  Eedivivum,  ii.  225 
and  the  New  View  of  London,  1708,  i.  115.    The  new 
church  was  erected  by  Wren  in  the  year  1686.] 

DR.  TRAPP'S  TRANSLATION  or  MILTON. — I  have 
just  received  a  translation  of  the  Paradise  Lost, 
by  Trapp,  published  MDCCXLI.  I  wish  to  know 
whether  there  are  any  other  translations  by  the 
same  author.  I  think  he  published  a  version  of 
the  Regained,  and  Samson  Agonistes  also.  Any 
information  will  greatly  oblige  E.  C. 

[A  chronological  list  of  Dr.  Joseph  Trapp's  numerous 
works,  drawn  up  with  great  care,  is  given  in  Chalmers's 
Biographical  Dictionary,  xxx.  13,  where  the  only  poem 
by  Milton  translated  by  him  is  the  Paradisus  Amissus, 
2  vols.  4to,  1740-4,1 

MONOGRAMS  OF  PAINTERS.  —  Can  any  of  your 
readers  inform  me  what  painters  used  the  two 

following  marks?  The  first  is  ^^,  which  ap- 
pears to  be  the  initials  of  some  name,  composed 
of  L.  P.  and  R.  The  second  is  formed  thus,  (g . 
The  painter  who  uses  this  mark  is  supposed  to 
have  lived  in  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII. 

J.  DALTON. 

[The  first  monogram  is  that  of  Lucca  Penni,  born  at 
Florence  about  1500.  After  painting  some  pictures  for 
the  churches  at  Lucca  and  Genoa,  he  visited  England  in 
the  reign  of  Henry  VIII.,  and  painted  several  pieces  for 
the  king  and  others.  The  second  is  that  of  Lucas  Corne- 
lisz,  called  "  the  Cook,"  an  old  Dutch  painter,  born  at 
Leyden  in  1493.  He  visited  England  in  the  reign  of 
Henry  VIIL,  and  was  made  his  majesty's  painter.  His 
chief  performances  extant  in  England  are  at  Penshurst. 
For  other  notices  of  these  artists,  consult  Walpole's 
Anecdotes  of  Painting,  and  Bryan's  Dictionary  of  Painters 
and  Engravers.  ] 


THE  NEWTON  STONE. 
(3rd  S.v.  110,245.) 

As  the  Newton  stone  is  of  importance  in  an 
ethnological  point  of  view,  allow  me  to  defend 
myself  from  the  REV.  B.  H.  COWPER'S  severe 
attack. 

He  strangely  states  that  I  suppose  a  medley  of 
five  languages  on  the  Newton  stone.  No  such 
thing ;  I  distinctly  say  that  the  character  is  Arian, 
and  the  language  Hebraic,  with  Chaldaic  admix- 
ture :  one  word  being  in  the  ancient  Sanscrit 
character,  which  also  appears  with  Arian  on  coins 
and  inscriptions  found  in  Afghanistan — the  an- 
cient Ariana.  As  well  say  an  English  inscrip- 
tion in  Roman  letters,  with  one  word  in  German 
text,  represented  English,  Latin,  Greek,  Phoeni- 
cian, and  German,  because  the  letters  may  be 
traced  into  such  connections.  His  remarks  are 
unfair. 

It  is  absurdly  trifling  to  assert  that  I  change 
the  order  of  the  letters  on  the  stone,  simply  be- 
cause I  write  their  equivalents  from  right  to  left, 
as  modern  Hebrews  do.  Surely  MR.  COWPER 
can  scarcely  mean  to  say  that  Hebraic  words 
always  were,  and  must  be,  written  from  right  to 
left. 

MR.  COWPER  should  have  ascertained  the  num- 
ber of  letters  actually  in  the  inscription  before 
be  objected  to  my  exceeding  that  number  in  their 
Hebrew  equivalents.  He  does  not  know  that,  of 
the  forty-three  letters  in  the  more  correct  copy 
of  the  inscription,  six  are  double;  thus  accounting 
"or  the  forty-nine  in  modern  Hebrew  letters. 

Had  MR.  COWPER  been  disposed  to  think  with- 
out prejudice,  he  would  have  seen  that  theory 
could  not  have  influenced  me  in  a  plain  matter  of 
fact  as  to  the  character  and  value  of  the  letters 
on  this  stone.  In  giving  their  equivalents  in 
ilebrew  letters,  I  did  what  scholars  generally 
do.  And  I  could  not  do  better,  since  I  saw 
;he  inscription  was  in  an  oriental  and  a  Semitic 
character. 

In  giving  the  English  letters,  as  any  Hebraist 
would  see,  I  did  not  mean  to  represent  the  pro- 
lunciation  of  the  Hebrew  words,  but  only  what 
ippeared  to  me  the  value  of  the  vowel  marks  in 
he  inscription.  Had  I  desired  to  make  good 
Bible  Hebrew  of  my  transliteration,  it  could  easily 
lave  been  done ;  and  that  it  was  not  done  ought 
o  weigh  as  evidence  in  my  favour.  Hebrew  was 
poken  in  many  dialects  before  the  Bible  was 
vritten ;  but  those  who  from  education  and  habit 
nterpret  all  Hebrew  words  in  a  theological  and 
onventional  manner,  are  apt  not  to  see  without 
heir  own  coloured  spectacles. 

MR.  COWPER  thinks  my  first  word  is  not  He- 
rew ;  and  then  he  proceeds  to  show  that  a  word 


S"»  S.  V.  MAY  7,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


381 


of  similar  consonants  does  mean  a  hill,  mound,  or 
tumulus ;  and  that  another,  from  the  same  root, 
means  a  vault.  He  ought,  therefore,  to  have 
given  me  credit  for  an  equal  amount  of  know- 
ledge when  I  suggested  tumulus,  mound,  or  vault, 
as  the  meaning  of  the  word.  There  is  a  doubt 
about  the  a  at  the  end.  The  Arabic  root  is  gdbd 
OOJ),  gather  together.  X31J  is  Chaldee  for  hill 
of  any  kind ;  and  this,  with  the  3,  reads  begabeba. 
33J  is  mound,  in  Job  xiii.  12,  though  translated 
body.  The  reference  is  to  the  memorial  of  the 
persons  mentioned. 

MR.  COWPEE  knows  that  "to  liken,"  or  "to 
destroy,"  are  secondary  meanings  of  HD1,  and  that 
"  to  be  silent  and  at  rest "  is  the  primary  mean- 
ing. Vasto  translates  *rVD*T,  no  doubt,  just  be- 
cause it  means  "  I  produce  silence  and  cessation 
of  activity."  I  do  not  warrant  the  grammar  of  the 
Newton  stone. 

Every  one  who  has  heard  of  Beth-el,  is  aware 
the  beth  means  "  a  house,  a  home."  Hebraists 
also  know  that  the  yod,  in  JV3,  is  not  sounded  in 
the  construct  state;  and  that  the  word,  in  the 
plural  at  least,  is  written  without  the  yod. 

Zuth  is  the  contraction  of  a  word  which  I  did 
not  invent — I  discovered  it.  I  give  MR.  COWPER 
the  benefit  of  my  discovery. 

I  translated  DJT3K ,  and  it  reads  very  well ;  but 
proper  names  of  this  class  are  so  common,  that 
there  is  no  absurdity  in  supposing  this  may  be 
one.  "  Father  of  a  people  "  is  not  more  awkward 
than  Ab-ram,  "father  of  height";  or  Abraham, 
"father  of  a  great  multitude."  Father  as  ho- 
norary appellation  of  priest  or  prophet,  is  nothing 
new. 

MR.  COWPER  is  perverse  on  the  word  njflJJ. 
The  n  does  not  appear  in  my  transliteration,  be- 
cause I  did  not  see  it  in  Dr.  Wilson's  engraving 
of  the  stone ;  but  I  knew  the  word  was  incom- 
plete without  it,  and,  therefore,  I  looked  for  it  in  a 
more  perfect  copy  of  the  inscription,  and  found  it. 
MR.  COWPER  will  find  the  word  as  I  render  it 
(Is.  xix.  14).  |D  and  -£,  fully  written,  make  min  ; 
and  I  may  inform  MR.  COWPER  that  the  n  is  only 
indicated  on  the  inscription  by  a  mark  on  the  i ; 
but  I  was  bound  to  present  the  word  in  full, 
though  I  knew,  as  indeed  the  Arian  letters  showed, 
that  the  n  was  silent. 

MR.  COWPER  is  right  to  read  pi,  as  he  was 
taught;  but  it  does  not  follow  that  sculptors, 
more  than  two  thousand  years  ago,  were  equally 
well  taught.  In  Arian  writing,  the  p  and  ph  are 
often  interchanged  in  like  case. 

Pi  certainly  signifies,  mouth  of;  but  that  would 
mean  little,  if  it  did  not  also  signify  that  which 
proceeded  from  the  mouth— as  word,  command, 
doctrine,  &c. — according  to  the  occasion  implied. 

My  critic  grants  that  Nesher  is  Hebrew.  Well, 
this  Hebrew  word  is  unmistakably  found  in  an- 
cient Sanscrit  letters  on  the  Newton  stone ;  and 


my  critic  had  better  account  for  that,  before  he 
cavils  at  the  idea  that  it  may  be  a  proper  name 
fit  for  a  Buddhist  priest. 

In  the  inscription  the  word  man  (JN£)  is  so 
written  as  to  distinguish  it  from  any  other  word 
having  the  same  letters.  MR.  COWPER  should  not 
trust  to  Gesenius  alone.  He  ought  to  know  the 
word  means  a  sacred  vessel  that  could  be  dese- 
crated by  Belshazzar  as  a  wine-cup.  (Dan.  v.  2, 
iii.  23.)  Then  the  word  yQ£>,  signifying  abundance, 
may  agree  with  it.  I  complain  that  he  has  separated 
the  words,  gratuitously,  to  make  nonsense  for  me. 
He  finds  yap,  in  Deut.  xxxiii.  9,  where  it  means 
abundance.  Let  him  read  yBB^KB,  "vessel  of 
abundance,"  if  he  pleases :  what  is  that  in  plain 
English  but  what  I  render  the  words  —  "  over- 
flowing vessel"  ? 

MR.  COWPER  complains  that  he  gets,  in  the  last 
line,  eleven  Hebrew  letters  for  nine  in  the  inscrip- 
tion. How  does  he  know  ?  I  can  tell  him  that 
there  are  two  double  letters,  and  so  we  get  the 
eleven.  He  saysjoati  means  "  counsellors."  Not 
in  this  form,  which  expresses  the  infinite  or  ab- 
stract idea  of  being  apt  to  counsel ;  properly  in- 
dicated by  the  word  I  employ  in  brief  to  represent 
it — wisdom. 

He  also  says,  that  nin,  "  glory,"  applies  only  to 
personal  appearance.  How  then  does  it  apply  to 
God  Himself !  The  word  is  in  Daniel  x.  8  ;  and 
there  is  most  untowardly  translated  "  comeliness," 
though  standing  in  contrast  with  moral  defilement. 

My  critic  seems  puzzled  by  my  use  of  h  to  re- 
present ayin  —  a  letter  not  in  our  alphabet.  I 
have  done  what  more  learned  men  have  done  in 
this  case. 

He  thinks  all  the  words  except  one  are  Chal- 
daic  or  Hebraic,  but  not  exactly  as  he  would  have 
written  them.  The  words  graven  on  the  Newton 
stone  were  not  intended  for  him,  and  all  scholar- 
ship does  not  lie  in  his  line;  but  I  value  his 
evidence. 

He  asserts  that  the  inscription  is  Celtic.  If  so, 
it  is  surprising  that  Celtic  scholars  cannot  read  it. 
I  am  charged  with  having  a  theory.  Why  not  ? 
But  what  has  theory  to  do  with  reading  this  in- 
scription ?  The  question  is,  What  .are  the  cha- 
racters and  what  their  powers  ? 

Three  copies  of  the  inscription  lie  before  me, 
but  in  the  forms  of  four  letters  they  do  not  quite 
agree.  I,  therefore,  wait  for  a  photograph  of  the 
stone ;  on  the  receipt  of  which,  I  expect  to  be 
able  to  demonstrate  to  any  unprejudiced  inquirer 
the  value  of  every  letter  and  every  word,  and  to 
prove  that  the  stone  is  a  Buddhist  memorial. 

I  was  not  aware,  when  I  hastily  senfc  my  re- 
marks to  "  N.  &  Q.,"  that  there  were  tumuli  in 
the  neighbourhood  of  the  stone ;  but  the  fact  that 
there  are  so  far  sustains  rny  notion  that  the  in- 
scription is  an  epitaph.  Vapid  it  may  be,  but  no 
more  so  than  such  things  in  general. 


382 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3**  S.  V.  MAY  7,  '64. 


It  is  a  recorded  fact,  that  many  thousands  of 
Buddhists  were  in  the  west,  dr.  500  B.C.;  and, 
therefore,  it  is  not  impossible  that  many  were  in 
Scotland  at  an  early  period.  Buddhistic  super- 
stitions and  symbols  have  prevailed  there  from 
pre-historic  times. 

The  Newton  stone  must  have  been  erected 
amidst  people  who  could  read  the  inscription  on 
it ;  and  I  engage  to  prove,  in  due  time,  that  the 
characters  on  it  were  familiar  in  north-western 
India  500  B.C. 

Alas !  MR.  COWPER  was  not  able  to  appreciate 
my  poor  book  as  some  scholars  have  done :  so 
with  perturbed  spirit  he  flings  it  in  my  face,  and 
warns  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  that  I  am  not  an 
(Edipus. 

I  am  thankful  to  be  respected,  but  sorry  to  be 
distrusted  by  MR.  COWPER.  Not  being  personally 
known  to  him,  it  is  especially  kind  in  him  to 
repeat  that  I  am  amiable.  Does  he  mean  thereby 
to  confirm  his  decision,  that  I  am  also  a  fool? 
Such  a  mode  of  argument  would  be  unnatural  in 
a  clergyman,  and  unbecoming  in  a  scholar  and  a 
gentleman.  It  may  console  him  to  know  that  on 
first  reading  his  remarks,  however  foolish,  a  strong 
sense  of  indignation  at  the  wanton  subtilty  of 
their  spirit  made  me  feel  anything  but  amiable. 
If,  as  he  suggests,  I  wished  to  glorify  myself,  I 
certainly  have  adopted  very  unwise  means  to  ac- 
complish that  end.  As  to  my  experience,  it  has 
been  long  and  large  enough  to  teach  me  that  some 
ripe  scholars  are  very  crude  reasoners ;  and  that 
many  pass  for  learned,  as  poor  rogues  sometimes 
pass  for  rich — by  showing  a  handful  of  flash  notes. 
Though  I  think  MR.  COWPER  has  been  too  hasty 
in  inflicting  correction  on  me,  I  yet  really  thank 
him  for  the  useful  lesson  he  has  so  cheaply  given 
me  ;  and  I  hope,  ere  long,  to  offer  more  work  for 
his  kindly  craft.  G.  MOORE. 

Hastings. 

MESCHIKES. 
(3rd  S.v.  310.) 

MR.  CAREY  has  come  upon  a  place  in  English 
genealogy,  which,  having  now  been  mentioned 
in  "N.  &  Q.,"  may,  I  hope,  have  some  more 
light  thrown  upon  it.  This  is  the  pedigree  of 
Todeni.  By  the  statement  in  Banks  (Dormant 
and  Extinct  Baronage,  vol.  i.  p.  182),  it  appears 
that  Robert  de  Todeni  received  the  lordship  of 
Belvoir  from  William  the  Conqueror.  "  For  what 
reason,"  says  Banks,  "  William  his  successor  as- 
sumed a  surname  diflferent  from  his  father,  does 
not  appear."  He  mentions,  however,  the  conjec- 
ture, that  the  new  surname  arose  from  William 
de  Todeni's  great  devotion  to  St.  Alban ;  and 
says  that  — 

"  This  seems  more  probable,  because  he  is  often  written 
imam  de  Albany  as  well  as  William  de  Albini,  with  the 


addition  of  Brito,  as  a  contradistinction  to  another  great 
baron  William  de  Albini,  called  Pincerna." 

He  then  mentions  that  this  William  had  issue  a 
son  and  successor,  who,  besides  Brito,  was  also 
called  Meschines.  MR.  CAREY  has  pointed  out 
that  this  surname  of  Meschines  "  does  not  imply 
any  relationship  with  the  Earl  of  Chester."  My 
inquiry  is,  what  are  the  arms  of  the  family  known 
as  De  Todeni,  De  Belvoir,  De  Albini  ? 

Dr.  Wright,  in  his  edition  of  Heylyn,  says  (p. 
548),  that  he  had  inspected  "  a  fine  copy  of  Dug- 
dale's  Baronage  which  is  in  the  library  of  Caius 
College,  Cambridge,  in  which  the  arms  are  accu- 
rately delineated  in  their  proper  colours ; "  and  by 
this  he  corrects  his  list  of  the  arms  of  the  English 
barons.  In  his  corrected  list  (p.  549),  he  gives 
to  Todeni,  gu.  an  eagle  displayed  within  a  bor- 
dure  argent.  Albini,  or,  two  chevronels  within  a 
bordure  gu.,  and  other  Albini  coats  which  are 
not  to  my  rjurpose.  Banks  gives  to  Todeni  gu. 
an!  eagle  displayed  within  a  bordure  argent. 
Guillim  (ed.  1660,  first  issue),  in  the  shield  of 
Villiers,  Duke  of  Buckingham  (p.  435),  gives, 
topaz,  two  chevrons,  and  a  border  ruby  to  Trus- 
but ;  having  given  the  quarter  immediately  pre- 
ceding, "  saphire,  a  Catherne  wheele  topaz,"  with- 
out assigning  any  name.  My  copy  of  Guillim  has, 
in  an  old  hand,  the  name  Belvoir  added  to  this 
"  Catherne  wheele"  coat;  and  Gibbon,  in  hislntro- 
ductio  ad  Latinam  Blasoniam  (1682)  also  gives 
this  coat  to  Belvoir,  (p.  135).  Notitia  Anglicana 
(1724),  among  the  quarterings  of  the  Duke  of 
Rutland,  gives  the  Catherine  wheel  coat,  and 
assigns  it  to  Belvoir.  It  also  assigns  the  two  chev- 
rons and  a  bordure  to  Trusbut. 

All  the  authorities  which  I  have  cited,  even 
Guillim,  are  at  best  second-hand,  and  merely  show 
an  opinion.  It  might  be  hoped  that  at  Haddon, 
for  instance,  all  might  be  cleared  up.  Robert  de 
Roos,  great-grandson  of  Everard  de  Roos  and 
Rose  Trusbut,  died  in  1285.  He  had  married 
Isabel  de  Albini  de  Belvoir,  heiress  of  her  house. 

In  the  reign  of  Edward  IV.,  Sir  Robert  Man- 
ners married  Eleanor  de  Roos :  and  Sir  John 
Manners,  second  son  of  Thomas,  first  Earl  of 
Rutland,  married  Dorothy  Vernon  of  Haddon, 
who  died  in  1584.  They,  Sir  John  Manners  and 
Dorothy  Vernon,  were  grandfather  and  grand- 
mother to  John,  the  eighth  Earl,  in  whose  line  the 
peerage  continued.  She  was  heiress  of  Haddon, 
and  brought  it  into  the  family  of  Rutland. 

In  the  great  gallery  at  Haddon,  the  first  window 
on  the  right  as  you  enter  from  the  staircase  shows, 
in  glass,  a  large  shield  surrounded  by  renaissance 
scrolling.  Below  the  shield  is  the  date  1589.  It 
is  per  pale,  baron  and  femme.  The  baron  side 
has  sixteen  coats,  4,  4,  4,  4 :  1.  Manners ;  2.  De 
Roos;  3.  Espec,  gu.  three  Catherine  wheels  ar- 
gent: 4.  Azure,  a  Catherine  wheel  or.  Then 
follow  the  rest  till  we  come  to— 15.  Gu.,  an  eagle 


3'd  S.  V.  MAY  7,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


383 


displayed  within  a  bordure  argent,  which  is  the 
coat  given  to  Todeni ;  16.  Argent,  two  chevrons, 
and  a  bordure  gu.,  which  is  given  to  Albini  and  to 
Trusbut.  The  femme  is  Vernon,  with  quarterings. 
The  same  Manners'  quarterings  are  repeated  in  the 
centre  window  of  the  gallery.  They  do  not  seem  to 
me  to  answer  my  inquiry.  Duplicate  coats  can 
scarcely  be  called  uncommon.  Hussey  had  two, 
given  quarterly,  as  an  example,  by  Guillim  ;  Mo- 
lyns  had  two  ;  Botreaux  had  two.  None  of  them 
being,  as  far  as  I  know,  what  are  now  called  coats 
of  augmentation.  It  is  possible  and  probable  that 
the  family  which  was  De  Todeni  originally,  De 
Albini  by  devotion,  De  Belvoir  by  territorial  title, 
used  two.  But  whence  comes  the  confusion,  if  it 
is  a  confusion,  between  De  Albini  and  Trusbut  ? 

According  to  the  modern  theory  of  marshalling, 
Trusbut  certainly  ought  to  stand  where  the  single 
Catherine  wheel  does  stand  in  the  windows  at 
Haddon.  But  why  do  the  coats  assigned  to  De 
Todeni  and  De  Albini  stand  15  and  16  after  other 
coats  which  came  in  before  them  ?  I  have  long 
thought  that  the  exact  arrangement  of  quarter- 
ings, which  has  been  practised  for  more  than  two 
hundred  years,  is  not  always  to  be  found  in  quar- 
tered shields  of  an  earlier  date. 

Guillim  indeed  gives  examples  of  coats  mar- 
shalled quarterly.  But  it  will  be  seen  by  anyone 
who  consults  him  for  rules  of  marshalling  coats  of 
successive  matches  by  the  heirs,  that  he  gives  very 
little  guidance,  and  leaves  the  manner  of  arrange- 
ment almost  untouched.  Having  given  his  own 
paternal  coat,  impaling  as  femme  Hatheway,  he 
says,  "the  heir  of  these  two  inheritors  shall  bear 
these  two  hereditary  coats  of  his  father  and 
mother  to  himself  and  his  heirs  quarterly ;  "  and 
gives  a  second  shield  with  Guillim  first  and  fourth, 
Hath e way  second  and  third.  But  he  says  nothing 
against  any  arbitrary  arrangement  of  quarterings. 
I  hope  that  some  of  the  able  genealogists  and 
heralds  who  read  "  N.  &  Q."  will  not  think  it  lost 
time  to  give  their  attention  to  the  inquiry  which  I 
have  brought  to  their  notice.  D.  P. 

Stuarts  Lodge,  Malvern  Wells. 


WOLFE,  GARDENER  TO  HENRY  VIII.  (3rd  S.  v. 
194.)  —  I  regret  that  I  cannot  afford  S.  Y.  R.  any 
information  respecting  Wolfe,  gardener  to  Henry 
VIIL,  beyond  what  is  contained  in  the  followin 


passage  of  Hackluyt  (Collection  of  Voyages,  £•<?.), 
vol.  ii.  p.  165,  ed.  1599,  which,  however,  answers 
one  of  his  queries  :  — 

"Ami  in  time  cf  memory  things  haue  bene  brought  in 
that  were  not  here  before,  as  the  Damaske  rose  by  Doc- 
tour  Linaker,  King  Henry  the  Seuenth  and  King  Henrie 

s  Eight's  Physician  ;  the  Turky  cocks  and  hennes  about 
fifty  yeres  past  ;  the  Artichowe  in  time  of  King  Henry-  the 
Eight  ;  and  of  later  time  was  procured  out  of  Italy  the 
Muske  rose  plant;  the  plumme  called  the  Perdigwena, 
and  two  kindes  more  by  the  Lord  Cromwell  after  his 


trauell ;  and  the  Abricot  by  a  French  Priest,  one  Wolfer 
Gardener  to  King  Henry  the  Eight." 

AIKEN  IRVINE. 
Fivemiletown.  co.  Tyrone, 

Miss  LIVERMORE  (3rd  S.  v.  35.) — I  met  Miss 
Livermore  in  July,  1862,  when  on  her  way  from 
Jerusalem  to  the  United  States,  where  she  is  still 
residing,  or  was  a  few  months  ago. 

This  aged  lady  certainly  went  to  Jerusalem  on 
four  different  occasions ;  and  remained,  including 
all  her  visits,  for  several  years.  Whether  Miss 
Livermore  was  successful  in  converting  the  Jews, 
the  only  object  of  her  mission,  I  am  indeed  unable 
to  say  ;  but  L^LIUS  could  very  possibly  obtain  this 
information  by  communicating  with  the  bishop  of 
the  Protestant  church  in  Jerusalem,  who  always 
assisted  this  venerable  lady  in  the  hours  of  her 
trial  when  living  in  that  city — a  kindness  she  has 
frequently  mentioned. 

Miss  Livermore  is  descended  from  an  old  and 
highly  respectable  family  in  Massachusetts;  but 
whether  her  grandfather  held  the  high  position, 
or  obtained  the  distinguished  honours  mentioned 
by  your  correspondent,  I  cannot  certainly  answer, 
though  I  think  it  is  true.  A  BOSTONIAN. 

THOMAS  SHAKSPEARE  (3rd  S.  v.  339.)  — The 
Shakspeare  Bond  here  given  is  certainly  curious 
and  interesting  as  connected  with  one  who  was, 
in  all  probability,  a  relative  of  the  poet ;  but  your 
contributor  is  not  correct  in  believing,  as  he  does, 
this  Thomas  Shakspeare,  of  Lutterworth,  to  be 
"  a  Shakspeare  who  has  hitherto  escaped  the  in- 
dustry of  Shakspearian  investigators."  As  far 
back  as  the  year  1851  I  discovered,  amongst  the 
MSS.  of  this  borough,  a  letter  addressed,  in  the 
summer  of  1611,  by  certain  leading  inhabitants  of 
Lutterworth,  to  the  mayor  of  Leicester,  respect- 
ing the  plague,  which  was  then  very  prevalent 
here.  The  letter  (which,  amongst  other  things, 
records  the  fact  of  a  Leicester  man  having  been 
turned  out  of  his  lodgings  to  die  in  the  fields  of 
the  plague,)  bears  the  signatures  of  five  of  the 
leading  inhabitants  of  Lutterworth,  "Thomas 
Shakespeare  "  standing  at  the  head,  and  it  is  coun- 
termarked  by  the  two  constables  of  the  town. 

The  discovery  was  mentioned  in  the  same  year 
in  a  paper  on  the  "  Ancient  Records  of  Leicester," 
which  I  read  before  our  local  Literary  and  Philo- 
sophical Society ;  and  which  was  printed  in  the 
volume  of  the  Society's  Transactions  in  1855. 
The  fact  was  also  communicated  to  Mr.  Halliwell 
at  the  time. 

This  Thomas  Shakspeare  is  noticed  in  a  volume 
ot  Shakspeariana  which  I  have  in  the  press,  and 
which  was  announced  in  your  advertising  columns 
of  last  week.  WILLIAM  KELLY. 

Leicester. 

JUDICIAL  COMMITTEE  OP  PRIVY  COUNCIL  (3rd 
S.  v.  267,  364.)  —I  believe  MR.  DE  MORGAN  has 


384 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[8*  S.  V.  MAY  7,  '64. 


somewhat  incorrectly  stated  the  law  and  the  facts, 
when  he  says,  "  all  the  cases  come  under  the  same 
Acts  of  Parliament,  by  which  bishops  are  dis- 
tinctly added  to  the  Committee  in  cases  of  heresy," 
and  that  the  rectification  of  this  error  will  an- 
swer his  query. 

The  first  Act  of  Parliament,  in  recent  years, 
entrusting  the  Judicial  Committee  with  jurisdic- 
tion in  ecclesiastical  cases,  was  the  Act  consti- 
tuting that  Committee  in  1833. 

Ecclesiastical  cases  were  not  specifically  men- 
tioned, and  only  passed  under  that  jurisdiction 
along  with  others;  and  it  has  been  stated  by 
Lord  Brougham,  the  author  of  the  Act,  that  it 
was,  per  incuriam,  that  cases  of  doctrine  were 
allowed  to  come  before  that  new  tribunal. 

In  1840,  Parliament  seems  to  have  felt  that  it 
was  rather  too  great  a  change  from  the  ancient 
law,  which  left  the  decision  of  doctrinal  matters 
wholly  to  spiritual  persons,  to  one  which  wholly 
excluded  them ;  and,  in  tinker-like  fashion,  pro- 
ceeded to  cobble  the  Act  by  adding  to  the  Com- 
mittee certain  prelates  ;  but  only  to  the  members 
of  the  said  body  when  the  cases  arose  under  the 
same  Act  which  so  added  them — commonly  called 
the  Church  Discipline  Act  of  1840. 

The  Gorham  case  did  not  arise  under  that  Act, 
but  was  prosecuted  by  the  Bishop  of  Exeter  from 
his  own  Diocesan  Court  through  the  Court  of 
Arches.  The  prelates,  therefore,  could  not  sit  as 
members  of  the  tribunal ;  but  of  course,  being 
Privy  Councillors,  they  might  be  allowed  to  sit 
extra-legally  as  assessors  "  by  direction  of  Her 
Majesty." 

The  other  cases  arose  under  the  Act  of  1840. 
For  all  the  above,  see  Joyce's  Ecclesia  Vindi- 
cata,  pp.  23—27,  59,  74—80/81—85. 

LYTTELTON. 

MOTHER  GOOSE  (3rd  S.  v.  331.)  — The  Oxford 
"  Mother  Goose "  was  an  old  woman,  who  sat  by 
the  "  Star  Inn "  in  the  Corn  Market,  and  sold 
nosegays  from  a  basket  in  her  lap.  Her  lineaments 
have  been  abundantly  preserved  for  posterity  in 
at  least  three  engravings— 1.  Folio,  coloured  by 
Dighton ;  2.  Folio,  three  qrs.  by  Garden,  with  the 
inscription  "  Ob.  set.  81  ; "  3.  Full-length,  small 
8yo,  engraved  by  *'  T.  W.,  Oxon,"  published  in 
Ihe  Young  Travellers  ;  or,  a  Visit  to  Oxford,  by  a 
Lady,  1818,  in  which  a  very  brief  account  of 
Mother  Goose  is  also  given.  In  the  "  Advertise- 
ment to  the  work,  it  speaks  of  "  a  little  work 
which  it  is  in  contemplation  shortly  to  publish," 
which  was  to  "  contain  correct  likenesses  of  the 
curious  characters  here  referred  to,  with  some 
biographical  or  other  accounts  of  them."  The 
plate  of  Mother  Goose  is  given  as  a  specimen  of 
those  that  would  accompany  the  forthcoming 
volume.  Query,  Was  it  ever  published  ? 

Concerning  the  "  Mother  Goose  "  of  pantomime, 
an  anecdote  will  be  found  in  the  Illustrated  News 


of  this  day  (April  16,  1864),  at  p.  367,  under  the 
heading  of  "  The  late  Mr.  T.  P.  Cooke."  But  a 
full  account  of  its  production  at  Covent  Garden 
Theatre,  Dec.  26,  1806,  and  its  immediate  popula- 
rity and  run  of  ninety-two  nights  will  be  found  in 
chap.  xii.  of  the  Memoirs  of  Joseph  Grimaldi, 
edited  by  Boz.  CUTHBERT  BEDE. 

COLIBERTI  (3rd  S.  v.  300.)— THOMAS  Q.  COUCH 
will  find  a  very  interesting  account  of  the  Cotti- 
berts  in  Histoire  des  Races  Maudites  de  la  France 
etde  VEspagne,  tome  ii.p.  1,  by  Francisque  Michel, 
1847.  A  very  clear  abstract  from  M.  Michel's 
work  is  given  by  A.  Cheruel  in  his  Dictionnaire 
Historique  dcs  Institutions,  Mcsurs  et  Coutumes  de 
la  France.  Paris,  1855,  vol.  i.  p.  173 :  — 

"  Colliberts.  —  The  word  collibert  has  been  understood 
in  several  ways :  in  the  Middle  Ages  it  denoted  a  class  of 
serfs  also  called  cuverts.  At  present  the  appellation  of 
collibert  is  given  to  certain  inhabitants  of  Aunis  and  Bas- 
Poitou.  « The  Colliberts,'  says  M.  Guerard  (Protigomenes 
du  Cartulaire  de  Saint  JPere  de  Chartres,  §  32),  ''may  be 
classed  either  in  the  lowest  rank  of  freemen,  or  at  the 
head  of  those  bound  by  serfdom.  Whether  their  name 
signifies  free  from  the  yoke,  free-necked — according  to  D. 
Muley's  definition — or  to  denote  the  freed  men  of  a  patron, 
as  Du  Cange  has  it,  it  is  not  the  less  certain  that  the 
Colliberts  were  deprived  in  some  measure  of  liberty.  The 
son  of  a  Collibert  remained  a  Collibert  whatever  'change 
might  happen  to  the  person,  tenure,  goods,  or  position  of 
his  family.  Colliberts  were  also  sold,  given,  or  ex- 
changed like  serfs.  Thibaut,  Comte  de  Chartres,  made  a 
donation  in  1080  to  the  Abbey  of  St.  Pere  de  Chartres  of 
several  colliberts,  with  the  condition  that  the  monks 
should  sing  a  psalm  for  him  every  day  of  the  year,  except 
feast  days.  Colliberts  were,  therefore,  bound  by  serfdom. 
Their  position  appears  to  have  borne  a  great  analogy  to 
that  of  the  ancient  coloni. 

"  A  council  of  Bourges,  held  in  1031,  excluded  them 
from  the  priesthood.  Some  writers  think  that  they  were 
strangers  or  the  descendants  of  foreigners,  and  in  this  see 
the  reason  of  their  inferior  condition.  Hence  the  taxes 
laid  on  them,  and  the  right  of  mortmain  which  affected 
their  inheritance.  Probably  the  colliberts  of  our  days 
are  the  successors  of  these  oppressed  classes.  The  fact  is, 
that  in  the  part  of  Poitou  known  as  *  Le  Marais,'  there 
are  still  miserable  districts,  whose  inhabitants  are  fisher- 
men, and  known  as  Colliberts  or  Cayots" 

The  colliberts  seem  to  have  fraternised  with  the 
Protestant  party,  especially  at  the  time  of  the 
battle  of  Jarnac.  Persons  called  Colliberts  in- 
habit the  arrondissement  of  St.  Jean  d'Angely,  St. 
Eu trope  (arrondissement  de  Barbezieux,  canton 
de  Montmoreau),  and  many  other  places. 

W.  H.  P. 

CHAPERON,  CHAPERONE  (3rd  S.  v.  280,  312.)  — 
One  of  your  correspondents  wishes  the  "  British 
public"  to  be  authoritatively  informed  that  the 
word  chaperon  "  does  not  assume  a  feminine  form 
when  applied  t£  a  matron  protecting  an  unmarried 
girl ; "  and  also  complains  that  "  almost  all  our 
authors,  especially  our  novelists,  write  the  word 
'chaperone'  when  used  metaphorically."  This 
newer  form,  chaperone,  is  termed  by  another  of 
your  correspondents,  "  an  ignorant  barbarism." 


3rd  S.V.  MAY?, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


385 


The  French  word  is  unquestionably  assuming 
amongst  us  the  form  cliaperone ;  and  chaperone^  as 
applied  to  a  matron,  has  of  necessity  become  femi- 
nine ;  but  I  really  can  see  nothing  in  this  to  make 
any  man  bilious.  The  case  stands  thus  : — French 
words  ending  in  on,  when,  with  or  without  change 
of  meaning,  they  find  a  place  in  our  language,  ex- 
perience various  treatment.  Many  retain  their 
French  spelling  unaltered,  as  cordon.  Many 
change  the  terminal  on  into  oon,  as  in  the  case  of 
ponton,  pontoon.  Some,  however,  change  on  into 
one.  Such  are  baryton,  semiton,  pompon,  chaperon. 
Exactly  as  baryton  and  semiton  have  in  English 
long  been  barytone  and  semitone,  exactly  as  pom- 
pon has  more  recently  become  pompone,  so  chape- 
ron is  gradually  becoming  chaperons.  And  what 
harm?  The  word  is  merely  passing  into  our 
language,  as  other  words  have  passed  before  it, 
and  is  undergoing,  in  the  transit,  just  the  same 
process  of  naturalisation. 

Words  which  we  find  it  convenient  to  adopt 
from  the  French  often  retain  for  a  time  what  is 
meant  to  be  their  French  pronunciation,  but  ulti- 
mately become  Anglicised.  When  this  occurs, 
the  spelling  frequently  changes  with  the  pronun- 
ciation. In  our  English  pronouncing  Dictionaries 
chaperon,  viewed  as  French,  stands  in  all  its 
beauty,  "shap'-er-ong"!  Now  "  shap'-er-ong," 
in  the  lips  of  an  Englishman  who  knows  he  cannot 
speak  French,  either  is  mumbled,  or  produces 
horrible  contortions  ;  while  in  the  lips  of  an  Eng- 
lishman who  fancies  he  can  speak  French,  it  is 
often  that  kind  of  French  which  makes  a  French- 
man say,  "  Plait-il  ?  "  What  is  the  practical  in- 
ference ?  French  for  the  French,  English  for  the 
English.  No  bad  riddance,  surely,  to  get  quit  of 
"  shap'-er-ong."  So  let  us  give  the  word  chaperone 
a  civil  welcome,  and  not  call  it  "  an  ignorant  bar- 
barism." Moreover,  when  ("  metaphorically,"  as 
your  correspondent  says,  but  in  plain  English,  as 
I  should  say)  we  apply  the  term  in  its  ordinary 
acceptation  to  a  matron  who  is  kind  enough  to 
take  under  her  wing  an  unprotected  spinster,  the 
chaperone  must  still  be  "  she,"  not  "  he,"  or  the 
penalty  of  doing  gooseberry  would  be  too  great. 

SCHIN. 

WITCHES  IN  LANCASTER  "CASTLE  (3rd  S.  v. 
259.)—  According  to  Mr.  Crossley's  Introduction 
to  Pott's  Discovery  of  Witches  (Chetham  Society), 
seventeen  convicted  witches  were  pardoned  by 
Charles  I.  in  1633. 

At  the  autumn  assizes,  in  1G36,  we  learn  from 
the  Farington  Papers  (Chetham  Society),  that 
the  following  witches  were  prisoners  in  Lancaster 
Castle.  Those  to  whom  an  asterisk  is  prefixed 
were  amongst  the  convicts  of  1 633  :  Robert  Wil- 
kinson ;  Jennett,  his  wife  ;  Marie  Shuttleworth  ; 
*  Jennett  Device  ;  *  Alice  Priestley  ;  Jennett 
Cronkshawe ;  Marie  Spencer;  *  Jennett  Har- 


greaves;  *Frances  Dicconson ;  and  *  Agnes  Raw- 
sterne. 

Can  what  Mr.  Crossley  calls  a  pardon  have 
been  a  commutation  in  some  cases  to  a  long  im- 
prisonment ?  P.  P. 

WHIPULTRE  (2nd  S.  v.  24,  225 ;  vi.  38,  57.)  — 
Is  F.  C.  H.  in  right  suggesting,  "  this  must  be  the 
holly,  the  only  English  tree  not  previously  named"? 
"  Holm "  is  thus  interpreted  in  Halliwell's  Die- 
tionary, — "  the  holly.  Some  apply  the  term  to  the 
evergreen  oak,  but  this  is  an  error."  H.  F.  N". 
observes,  that  the  hornbeam,  and  A.  HOLT  WHITE 
that  the  crab,  is  not  named  by  the  poet.  So  far 
each  is  correct.  But  MR.  WHITE  asserts  that 
"  the  ash  is  the  only  indigenous  poplar."  Is  the 
ash  a  poplar  at  all  ?  VRYAN  RHEGED. 

THE  BALLOT  :  "  THREE  BLUE  BEANS,"  ETC. 
(3rd  S.  v.  297.) — Whether  the  uncouth  expression 
"  Putting  three  blue  beans  into  a  blue  bag  will 
not  purify  the  constitution,"  be  Burke's  or  any 
other  writer's,  they  are  evidently  an  adaptation  of 
a  nursery  puzzle  of  difficult  articulation, — 

" Three  blue  beans  in  a  blue  bladder; 
Rattle  blue  beans  in  a  blue  bladder ; 
Rattle,  bladder,  rattle." 

T.  C. 
Durham. 

MAP  or  ROMAN  BRITAIN  (3rd  S.  v.  196.) — The 
astronomer  royal,  Mr.  Airy,  has  given  a  map  of 
part  of  Sussex,  in  the  Archceologia  (1852)  to  illus- 
trate his  view  of  Caesar's  invasions  of  Britain ;  so, 
also,  has  Mr.  Dunkin  of  the  whole  of  Kent,  in 
part  XLI.  of  the  Archceological  Mine.  The  latter 
map  attempts  to  show,  for  the  first  time,  Ciesar's 
marches  in  Britain,  and  also  the  alteration  the 
coast  line  has  undergone  in  eighteen  hundred 
years.  A. 

GEORGE  AUGUSTUS  ADDERLET  (3rd  S.  v.  297.) — 
The  only  George  Adderley  in  the  Army^  List  of 
1792  is  Ensign  George  Adderley  ;  appointed  to 
the  63rd  (or  the  West  Suffolk)  Regiment  of  Foot 
the  30th  Sept.  1790.  I  know  nothing  further 
about  him.  O.  H.  P. 

PASSAGE  IN  "ToM  JONES"  (3rd  S.  v.  193.)  — 
The  following  extract,  from  Hatcher's  Salisbury 
(p.  602),  will  answer  the  query  of  your  corre- 
spondent J.  S.  as  to  the  meaning  of  the  passage 
alluded  to :  — 

'  It  is  well  known  that  Fielding,  the  novelist,  married 
a  lady  of  Salisbury  named  Craddock,  and  was  for  a  time 
a  resident  in  our  city.  From  tradition  we  learn,  that  he 
irst  occupied  the  house  in  the  close,  on  the  south  side  of 
St.  Ann's  Gate.  He  afterwards  removed  to  that  in  St. 
Ann's  Street,  next  to  the  Friary ;  and  finally  established 
rimself  in  the  mansion  at  the  foot  of  Milford  Hill,  where 
ic  wrote  a  considerable  part  of  Tom  Jones.  We  need  not 
observe  that  the  scene  is  laid  in  the  neighbourhood,  and 
,hat  a  few  of  the  incidents  are  related  as  happening  at 
Salisbury.  Some  of  the  characters  are  identified  with 
persons  living  here  at  the  time :  —  Tlnvackum  is  said 


386 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  MAY  7,  '64. 


to  have  been  drawn  for  Mr.  Hele,  master  of  the  Close 
School;  Square  the  philosopher,  for  Chubb  the  Deist; 
and  Dowling  the  lawyer,  for  a  person  named  Stillingfleet, 
who  exercised  that  profession.  The  '  Golden  Lion,'  where 
the  ghost  scene  was  acted,  was  a  well-known  inn  at  the 
corner  of  the  Market  Place  and  Winchester  Street,  where 
many  a  merry  prank  was  played;  and  the  person  who 
sustained  this  part  was  Doughty,  one  of  the  Serjeants  at 
Mace." 

A.  B.  MlDDLETON. 

The  Close,  Salisbury. 

SONG  :   "  Is  IT  TO  TRY  ME  ?  "  (3rd  S.  v.  241.)  — 

"  When  we  have  lost  the  power  to  do  great  services  to 
one's  fellow  creatures,  one  may  at  least  do  good-natured 
trifles."— WALTER  SCOTT. 

The  annexed  song  is  copied  from  a  lady's  MS. 
music  book.     She  once  heard  Edmund  Kean  sing 
it  with  great  taste.     If  the  music  also  be  required 
by  F.  F.  C.,  the  writer  of  this  will  forward  it :  — 
"  Is  it  to  try  me 
That  you  thus  fly  me? 
Will  you  deny  me 

Day  after  day  ? 
Have  you  no  feeling 
While  I'm  thus  kneeling, 
With  looks  revealing 

All  I  can  say  ? 

Or  do  you  believe  I'd  lead  you  astray? 
&  Is  it  to  try  me 

That  you  thus  fly  me  ? 
Will  you  deny  me 
Day  after  day  ? 

"  Should  I  believe  thee, 
You  might  deceive  me, 
And  that  would  grieve  me 

Ever  and  aye. 
Men  are  beguiling 
Oft  while  they're  smiling, 
Past  reconciling, 

Day  after  day. 

Maids  should  beware  what  lovers  say. 
Should  I  believe  thee 
You  might  deceive  me, 
And  that  would  grieve  me 
Ever  and  aye." 

A.L. 

"  HERE  LIES  FRED,"  ETC.  (3rd  S.  v.  254.)  — 
Professor  Smyth  read  his  lectures  from  separate 
sheets  of  paper.  This  allowed  alterations ;  and  I 
often  saw  him  take  a  scrap  (always  neatly  folded) 
from  his  pocket,  and  return  it  when  read.  It  is 
likely  that  many  such  have  been  lost.  I  do  not 
remember  his  reading  the  French  epigram,  but  it 
probably  was  the  following  :  — 

"  Colas  est  mort  de  maladie : 

Tu  veux  que  j'en  plaigne  le  sort. 
Que  diable  veux-tu  que  j'en  die  ? 
Colas  vivoit,  Colas  est  mort." 
Les  Epigrammes  de  Jean  Ogier  Gombauld, 
Ep.  LVI.  p.  32,  Paris,  12°,  1658. 

U.U.Club.  H'RC' 

"  CENTURY  OF  INVENTIONS  "  (3rd  S.  v.  155.) 

In  the  Free  Library,  at  the  Patent  Office,  are  the 


following  editions  : — 1.  London,  T.  Payne,  1746  ; 
2.  Glasgow,  R.  and  A.  Foulis,  1767;  3.  London, 
J.  Adlard,  1813;  4.  Buddie's  edit.,  Newcastle, 
S.  Hodgson,  1813;  5.  Partington's  edit.,  London, 
J.  Murray,  1825.  A.  G.  W. 

JOHN  YOUNGE,  M.A.,  or  PEMBROKE  HALL, 
CAMBRIDGE  (2nd  S.  xii.  191.)— Query,  if  related  to 
R.  Younge,  of  Roxwell,  in  Essex  ?  I  shall  be  glad 
to  obtain  any  particulars  of  the  family  or  life  of 
this  author.  Between  1638  and  1666  he  wrote 
and  published  several  voluminous  and  valuable 
works,  besides  many  tracts,  all  on  religious  and 
moral  subjects.  I  have  nearly  forty  of  these  in 
my  possession,  and  may  indicate  Sinne  Stigma- 
tized; or  the  Drunkard's  Character,  &c. ;  A  Counter- 
poyson,  or  Soverain  Antidote  against  all  Griefe, 
&c. ;  The  Cure  of  Misprlsion,  &c.  &c.  On  some 
of  the  title-pages  he  calls  himself  R.  Younge.  The 
e  is  sometimes  omitted.  At  other  times  R.  Ju- 
nius.  Frequently  after  the  name  is  added  "  of 
Roxwell,  in  Essex ; "  and  occasionally  the  works 
are  said  to  be  "  by  Rich.  Young,  of  Roxwel,  in 
Essex,  Florilegus."  A  few  of  his  tracts  are  in  the 
Bodleian,  and  some  were  sold  in  Bliss's  collection. 
I  have  failed  to  trace  them  elsewhere.  If  your 
space  admitted,  I  could  give,  from  his  now  for- 
gotten works,  some  statements  of  historical  inci- 
dence as  to  London,  before  and  at  the  times  of 
the  Plague  and  the  Fire. 

Thomas  Young,  of  Staple  Inne,  author  of  Eng- 
land's  Sane;  or,  the  Description  of  DrunJtennesse, 
4to,  London,  1617.  Was  he  related  to  the  above 
R.  Young?  W.  LEE. 

AMERICAN  AUTHORS  (3rd  S.  v.  96.)— Jonas  B. 
Phillips,  the  author  of  Camillus,  is  a  native  of  the 
city  of  Philadelphia,  where  he  was  born  in  Oc- 
tober, 1805.  At  a  very  early  age,  he  exhibited 
his  talents  as  a  dramatic  author.  A  drama,  writ- 
ten by  him  at  the  age  of  fourteen,  entitled  the 
Heiress  of  Sidonia,  or,  the  Rose  of  the  Monastery, 
having  been  very  successfully  produced  at  one  of 
the  Philadelphia  theatres.  In  1826,  Mr.  Phillips 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  that  city,  and  removed 
to  New  York  in  1830.  Here  he  commenced  the 
practice  of  law,  and  here  he  wrote  his  maiden 
tragedy  of  Camillus  for  Mr.  Harris  G.  Pearson,  a 
rising  young  American  actor ;  who  produced  it 
at  the  Arch  Street  theatre,  in  Philadelphia.  It 
was  triumphantly  successful,  and  was  subsequently 
performed  in  all  the  leading  theatres  in  the  United 
States. 

Mr.  Phillips  is  probably  one  of  the  most  suc- 
cessful and  popular  dramatic  authors  of  America. 
Among  other  productions  of  his,  we  may  notice 
Oranaska,  an  Indian  tragedy;  The  Evil  Eye; 
The  Pirate  Boy,  an  opera  founded  on  one  of  Mar- 
ryat's  novels ;  Paul  Clifford ;  Ten  Years  of  a 
Seaman's  Life ;  Guy  Rivers ;  and,  if  space  were 
allowed,  I  could  name  many  more. 


3'd  S.  V.  MAY  7,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


387 


Mr.  Phillips  is  also  the  adapter  of  the  libretto  of 
the  Postilion  of  Longjumeau,  successfully  produced 
at  the  Park  Theatre  by  Miss  Sheriff,  Mr.  Wilson, 
and  Mr.  Seguin ;  and  recently  revived  by  Miss 
Riching's  at  Niblo's-,  in  this  city.  He  has  also  con- 
tributed liberally  to  the  literature  of  his  country 
in  various  other  departments  of  belles  lettres,  and 
has  filled  with  ability  for  many  years  the  office  of 
assistant-district  attorney.  He  is  now  one  of  the 
most  popular  and  esteemed  practitioners  at  the 
bar  of  this  city,  ranking  among  the  ablest  criminal 
lawyers  of  the  country.  G.  C. 

New  York. 

MISCELLANEA  CURIOSA  (3rd  S.  v.  282.)— The 
original  work  of  this  name  is  a  celebrated  collec- 
tion of  papers  extracted  from  the  Philosophical 
Transactions,  containing  writings  of  Newton,  Hal- 
ley,  Hooke,  De  Moivre,  &c.  It  is  common  enough, 
and  easily  picked  up.  My  set,  which,  as  so  often 
happens  with  books  of  that  period,  is  made  up 
from  different  editions,  has  vol.  i.  3rd  ed.  1726 ; 
vol.  ii.  1723 ;  vol.  iii.  2nd  ed.  1727.  I  have  a 
note  of  the  Misc.  Cur.  of  York,  1734-35,  which 
must  be  that  of  Turner,  mentioned  by  your  cor- 
respondent, but  I  think  his  name  is  not  given.  It 
is  in  six  numbers ;  and  six  numbers  of  Turner's 
Mathematical  Exercises^  London,  1750,  is  no  doubt 
the  same  work  with  a  hew  title-page.  The  Misc. 
Scientif.  Cur.  has  been  alluded  to  in  speaking  of 
Reuben  Burrow.  There  remains  the  Misc.  Cur. 
Mathem.)  commenced  in  1749,  under  the  editor- 
ship of  Francis  Holliday,  the  translator  of  Stir- 
ling's work  on  Series.  This  translation  was  in- 
tended for  the  Miscellany,  in  which  Holliday 
had  commenced  a  translation  of  Brook  Taylor's 
Methodus  Incrementorum,  which  was  never  finished. 
This  Miscellany  got  as  far  as  page  186  of  a 
second  volume;  about  thirty  more  pages  were 
printed,  but  not  issued ;  they  are  bound  up  in 
what  I  suppose  to  have  been  Holliday's  copy,  with 
an  explanatory  note  by  Hutton,  into  whose  hands 
the  copy  came.  This  repetition  of  titles  was  a 
very  bad  practice.  Many  persons  who  would 
perhaps  have  bought  these  Miscellanies  out  of 
catalogues,  must  have  passed  them  over  with  a 
glance,  thinking  they  were  copies  of  the  collection 
which  heads  this  article.  A.  DE  MORGAN. 

HORSES  FRIGHTENED  AT  THE  SlGHT  OP  A  CAMEL 

(2nd  S.  viii.  354,  406 ;  3rd  S.  i.  459,  496.)— Mention 
is  made  of  horses  being  frightened  at  the  sight  of 
strange  animals — as  camels.  I  know  not  whether 
the  fact  is  worthy  of  insertion  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  but 
on  two  occasions  this  antipathy  has  been  farced 
on  my  observation.  A  few  years  ago,  with  my 
wife,  I  was  driving,  down  a  steep 'hill  in  Derby- 
shire, a  horse  belonging  to  her  father,  when  we 
met  a  long  train  of  Wombwell's  menagerie.  The 
third  or  fourth  caravan  was  being  tugged  up  the 
hill  by  a  huge  dromedary ;  which  put  our  steed 


into  so  great  trepidation  that  I  became  fearful  of 
a  serious  accident.  Happily  I  got  down  to  his 
assistance  ;  for  the  eighth  carriage  was  drawn  by 
the  great  elephant,  who  so  completed  "Jack's" 
consternation,  that  every  limb  quivered ;  and  I 
believe  he  would  have  fallen,  if  I  had  not  stood  in 
front  and  clasped  his  head  in  my  arms.  When 
the  cavalcade  (if  the  word  be  admissible)  had 
passed,  my  poor  horse  was  steaming  with  &  fearful 
perspiration.  About  a  fortnight  afterward,  we 
again  met  the  same  "  collection  of  wild  beasts," 
on  another  road  in  the  same  neighbourhood.  It 
was  "  spring  time,"  and  I  had  observed  "  Jack," 
the  day  before,  nibbling  the  young  buds  of  the 
hedge-row  in  his  pasture :  so  now,  before  he  had 
time  to  discover  the  approaching  horror,  I  quietly 
turned  him  with  his  nose  and  mouth  to  the  road 
side  hedge ;  upon  which  he  regaled  himself,  to 
the  absorption  of  all  other  faculties,  until  we  could 
again  proceed  without  fear.  W.  LEE. 

CARTER  LANE  CHAPEL,  OR  "  MEETING-HOUSE," 
LONDON  (3rd  S.  iv.  231.)  —  This  building  named 
in  reply  to  "  Lines  on  London  Dissenting  Minis- 
ters," no  longer  exists.  The  congregation  having 
removed  to  Islington,  Middlesex,  where  they 
occupy  the  magnificent  new  Unitarian  church, 
called  "  The  Church  of  the  Divine  Unity,"  or 
"  Unity  Church,"  in  the  Upper  Street.  All  the 
records  of  old  Carter  Lane,  as  well  as  the  founda- 
tion stone  of  that  puritan  edifice,  are  now  pre- 
served at  Islington.  S.  JACKSON. 

WELSH  BURIAL  OFFERINGS  (3rd  S.  v.  296.)  — 
Are  these  offerings  for  the  clergyman  ?  I  have 
been  told  that  in  cases  of  poverty,  they  go  to  the 
deceased's  family;  that  attendance  at  a  Welsh 
funeral  is  voluntary,  and  not  by  invitation  only ; 
that  every  one  puts  something  in  the  plate,  and 
that  thus  a  nice  little  sum  is  sometimes  handed 
to  the  survivors.  This  is  a  far  prettier  story  than 
its  going  to  the  clergyman.  Query,  Which  is  the 
true  one  ?  P-  P- 

LONDON  SMOKE  AND  LONDON  LIGHT  (3rd  S.  v. 
259.) — I  have  a  note  amongst  my  collections  that 
sailors  coming  from  distant  voyages  can  distin- 
guish waves  of  London  smoke  in  the  sky  thirty 
miles  from  the  mouth  of  the  Thames. 

ALFRED  JOHN  DUNKIN. 

AUTHORS  OF  HYMNS  (3rd  S.  v.  280,  312.)—"  The 
Sheltering  Vine  "  was  compiled  by  the  Countess 
of  Northesk,  Georgiana-Maria,  daughter  of  Rear- 
Admiral  the  Hon.  George  Elliot.  W.  H.  P. 

I  have  not  been  able  to  find  the  lines  "Thou 
God  of  love  "  in  my  copy  of"  The  Sheltering  Vine." 
Moreover,  it  is  compiled  by  Lady  Northesk  not 
Southesk.  P.  P. 

"VERY  PEACOCK:"  "HAMLET,"  ACT  III.  (3rd 
S.  v.  232.)  —  A.  A.  is  perhaps  right  in  surmising 
that  the  passage  is  corrupt.  Other  commentators 


388 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3*a  S.  V.  MAY  7f  '64. 


have  been  of  the  same  opinion.  The  reading  of 
the  old  copies  is  paiock  or  paiocke.  Peacock  was 
first  introduced  by  Pope.  Paddock,  which  A.  A. 
would  now  suggest  as  likely,  was  put  forward 
early  in  the  last  century  by  Theobald ;  but  this 
conjecture  of  his  has  not  found  favour  with  com- 
mentators in  general,  and  I  think  that  there  are 
valid  reasons  for  preferring  Pope's  peacock. 

Hamlet,  elated  with  the  success  of  his  play, 
wherein  he  has  caught  the  conscience  of  the  king, 
bursts  out  into  a  random  rhyme :  — 

"  Why  let  the  stricken  deer  go  weep, 

The  hart  ungalled  play : 
For  some  must  walk,  while  some  must  sleep, 
Thus  runs  the  world  away." 

And  presently  afterwards  he  rattles  on  with  ano- 
ther strain  of  the  same  kind :  — 

"  For  thou  dost  know,  O  Damon  dear, 

«  This  realm  dismantled  was 
Of  Jove  himself,  and  now  reigns  here 
A  very,  very  —  ass." 

When  he  comes  to  the  last  word,  the  unseemli- 
ness of  it  strikes  him  at  once,  and  he  substitutes 
for  it  another,  which,  while  it  breaks  the  metre, 
expresses  in  a  less  offensive  manner  his  disgust  at 
the  hollow  grandeur  of  the  new  king  — 
"  A  very,  very — peacock  !  " 

Horatio  intimates  to  Hamlet  that  he  would  have 
been  warranted  in  retaining  the  rhyming  word, 
but,  instead  of  following  up  the  train  of  thought, 
Hamlet,  in  a  more  serious  tone,  adverts  to  the 
confirmation  of  his  suspicions ;  but  all  at  once, 
while  touching  upon  the  talk  of  poisoning,  he  checks 
himself,  and  abruptly  calls  for  music,  turning  off 
in  his  former  tone  of  levity  — 

"  For  if  the  king  like  not  the  comedy, 
Why,  then,  belike — he  likes  it  not,  uerdy." 

If  I  have  correctly  caught  what  was  passing  in 
Hamlet's  mind,  it,  will  be  seen  that  the  word  pad- 
dock, as  intended  to  convey  a  charge  of  poisoning, 
would  have  been  out  of  place.  MELETES. 

THE  PASSING  BELL  or  ST.  SEPULCHRE'S  (3rd  S. 
v.  170,  331.)— In  the  last  part  (23rd)  of  Mr.  Col- 
lier's privately-printed  Illustrations  of  Early  Eng- 
lish Popular  Literature,  Richard  Johnson's  "  The 
Pleasant  Walks  of  Moore-fields,"  occurs  the  follow- 
ing passage :  — 

"Citizen  loquitur.  (After  enumerating  many  of  the 
charitable  actions  of  the  worthy  citizens,  he  proceeds, 
p.  30.)  There  is  now  living  one  Master  Dove,  a  Mar- 
chant-taylor,  having  many  years,  considering  this  olde 
proverb,  hath  therefore  established  in  his  life  time  to 
twelve  aged  men,  Marchant-taylors,  6  pounds  2  shillings 
to  each  yearly  for  ever ;  he  hath  also  given  them  gownes 
of  good  brode  cloth,  lined  throughout  with  bayes ;  and 


"  Women  be  forgetfull,  children  be  unkinde, 
Executors  covetous,  and  take  what  they  find ; 
If  anyone  aske  where  the  legacies  became? 
They  answere,  So  God  helpeme,  hediedapoore  man.' 


are  to  receive  at  everie  three  j'eres'  end  the  like 
gownes  for  ever.  He  likewise,  in  charitie,  at  Saint  Sepul- 
chre's Church  without  Newgate,  allowes  ye  great  bell  on 
every  execution  day  to  be  tolled,  till  the'condemned  pri- 
soners have  suffered"  death ;  and  also  a  small  hand-bell  to 
be  rung  at  midnight  under  Newgate,  the  night  after  their 
condemnation,  and  the  next  morning  at  the  church  wall, 
with  a  prayer  to  be  sayd  touching  their  salvation ;  and 
for  the  maintaining  thereof,  he  hath  given  to  Saint  Se- 
pulchre's a  certaine  summe  of  money  for  ever." 

In  the  extract  from  the  City  Press,  at  p.  170, 
the  worthy  citizen's  name  is  "  Dowe ; "  in  the  ex- 
tract from  Stow's  London  "  Done ;  "  whilst  John- 
son calls  him  "Dove."  Which  is  right?  The 
donor  was  living  when  Johnson  wrote,  1607. 
Could  he  have  made  an  error  in  the  name,  or  has 
Munday  ?  It  must  not  be  charged  on  Stow,  who 
died  in  1605,  thirteen  years  before  the  publica- 
tion, and  in  the  year  of  the  bequest.  What  is  the 
authority  for  "  Dowe  "  in  the  City  Press  notice  ? 

JAMES  BLADON. 

Albion  House,  Pont-y-Pool. 

TIMOTHY  PLAIN  (3rd  S.  v.  298.)— The  real  name 
of  this  author  was  Stewart  Threipland,  an  Advo- 
cate at  the  Scottish  bar.  T.  G.  S. 

Edinburgh. 

SALMAGUNDI  (3rd  S.  v.  322.)  —  LORD  LTT- 
TELTON  quotes  Johnson,  that  Salmagundi  is  cor- 
rupted from  selon  mon  gout,  or  sale  a  mon  gout.  I 
fancy  a  more  plausible  derivation,  considering  all 
things — especially  culinary — might  be  salmi  Conde, 
or  a  la  Conde.  You  may  leave  the  why  and  where- 
fore to  anybody  who  has  seen  many  French  bills 
of  fare.  H.  GREEN. 

Arundel  Club. 

ENSIGN  W.  A.  SUTHERLAND  (3rd  S.  v.  322.)  — 
William  Alexander  Sutherland  was  appointed 
Ensign  by  purchase,  in  the  78th  Highlanders,  on 
March  22,  1833,  and  joined  the  depot  in  six 
weeks  from  that  date.  The  depot  was  then  quar- 
tered in  Scotland,  and  Ensign  Sutherland  never 
joined  the  service  companies  which  were  then 
stationed  at  Ceylon. 

On  August  29,  1834,  Ensign  Gillespie,  on  half- 
pay  of  the  89th  Regiment,  was  appointed  ensign 
in  the  78th  Highlanders,  "Vice  Sutherland  ;"  but 
no  statement  was  made  as  to  what  had  become 
of  Ensign  Sutherland,  nor  did  the  name  of  that 
officer  appear  in  the  Army  List  for  October  or 
November,  1834,  in  the  lists  of  officers  who  had 
retired,  resigned,  died,  or  been  dismissed.  How- 
ever, at  p.  660  of  the  Annual  Army  List  for  1835, 
the  name  of  Ensign  Sutherland  of  the  78th  Regi- 
ment appears  in  the  list  of  deceased  officers.  I 
am  certain  that  if  your  correspondent,  MR.  MAC- 
KAY,  will  apply  t,6  Captain  .T.  W.  Collins,  Union 
Club,  Trafalgar  Square,  London,  he  will  obtain 
full  information  respecting  the  fate  of  Ensign 
Sutherland,  as  Captain  Collins  served  as  an  ensign 


Sr*  S.  V.  MAY  7,  '64.  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


389 


in  the  78th  Highlanders,  and  was  attached  to  the 
depot  companies  at  the  same  time  that  Ensign 
Sutherland  belonged  to  the  corps,  and  served  with 
the  depot.  ZEITEN  ALTEN. 

"THOU    ART    LIKE    UNTO    LIKE,    AS    THE    DEVIL 

SAID  TO  THE  COLLIER"  (3rd  S.  v.  282.)— Kay,  in  his 
Collection  of  Proverbs,  has : 

"  Like  will  to  like  (as  the  Devil  said  to  the  Collier). 
Or,  as  the  scabb'd  Squhjs  said  to  the  mangy  Knight, 
when  they  both  met  in  a  dish  of  butter'd  fish." 

W.  I.  S.  HORTON. 

CORSEUL  :  ARRONDISSEMENT  OF  Dm  AN. — In  the 
notice  upon  "Dinan"  (3rd  S.  v.  273,  275),  the  name 
of  a  place,  once  celebrated  amongst  the  ancient 
Gauls  and  their  Roman  conquerors,  was  given 
as  "  Corsenf,"  instead  of  CorseuZ.  An  untoward 
fate,  as  to  its  real  designation,  seems  to  attach  to 
this  Breton  "  Herculaneum."  The  Romans  did 
not  choose  to  call  it  after  its  original  occupants 
the  "  Curiosilita3,"  and  they,  therefore,  described 
it  as  "  Fanum  Martis."  So  it  continued  until  the 
fifth  century  ;  when  the  valiant  Curiosilites,  hav- 
ing shaken  off  the  Roman  yoke,  restored  the  town 
to  its  original  Celtic  appellation.  Since  then,  it 
has  been  described,  with  various  changes  of  ortho- 
graphy, viz.  as  "  Corseul,  Corseult,  Corsold,  Cour- 
soult,  Cursoul,  Courseult,  Courseu,  Corseu,  and 
Corseulte."  It  was  not  until  the  eighteenth  century 
the  u Fanum  Martis"  was  identified,  by  the  dis- 
covery in  an  obscure  hamlet  of  the  remains  of  a 
Roman  temple.  The  more  the  soil  of  the  same 
locality  has  since  that  time  been  explored,  the 
more  convincing  are  the  proofs  that,  during  the 
Roman  occupation,  Corseul  must  have  been  a 
station  of  very  great  importance.  It  has  too, 
since  then,  been  a  subject  of  constant  contention 
amongst  Breton  antiquaries.  They  have  been 
puzzled  in  determining  by  whom  it  was  first 
founded,  and  by  what  race  of  barbarians  it  was 
finally  not  merely  destroyed,  but  almost  com- 
pletely obliterated.  Lobineau,  Deric,  Manet,  De 
la  Porte,  Merimes,  are  in  doubt  as  regards  both 
points.  An  accurate  description  of  its  most  in- 
teresting antiquities  has  been  given  by  M.  Odirici, 
in  a  work  upon  Dinan ;  and  a  further  reference 
to  them  is  to  be  found  in  a  work,  published  last 
year,  by  M.  J[ehan  de  Saint  Clavier,  upon  "  Bri- 
tanny."  As  to  the  derivation  of  the  name  of  "  Cor- 
seul," one  of  the  Breton  antiquaries,  M.  Jollivet, 
makes  the  following  remark — the  last  sentence  of 
which  is  worth  quoting  in  the  original :  — 

"  It  has  been  asserted  that  Corseul  is  derived  from 

Cur  sul ;  and  that  these  two  words  signify,  in  the  Celtic 

language,  the  wood  of  the  sun,  the  wood  of  the  god  of  war. 

.s  ne  voyons  nulle  part  que  cur  ait  la  signification 

qu'on  lui  donne,  ne  memo  que  ce  mot  soit  breton." 

W,  B.  MAC  CASE. 

Dinan,  Cotes  du  Nord,  France. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

The  History  of  Our  Lord  as  exemplified  in  Works  of  Art: 
with  that  of  His  Types,  St.  John  the  Baptist,  and  other 
Persons  of  the  Old  and  New  Testament.  Commenced  by 
the  late  Mrs.  Jameson.  Continued  and  completed  by 
Lady  Eastlake.  In  Two  Volumes.  (Longman  &  Co.) 
What  lover  of  Art  does  not  know  and  admire  the 
beautiful  and  instructive  volumes  in  which  Mrs.  Jameson 
has  both  told  and  illustrated  how  the  Great  Masters  treated 
The  Legends  of  the  Madonna ;  The  Legends  of  the  Saints 
and  Martyrs ;  and  The  Legends  of  the  Monastic  Orders  ? 
At  the  time  of  her  death,  'in  I860,  she  was  preparing  the 
work  before  us ;  which  she  considered  as  the  more  im- 
portant section,  as  well  as  the  natural  completion  of  her 
series  of  contributions  to  the  literature  of  Christian  Art. 
But  though  she  had  sketched  out  the  programme,  and 
indeed  written  some  portion  of  it,  Lady  Eastlake — who, 
to  do  homage  to  the  memory  of  her  friend,  undertook  to 
continue  and  complete  it — has  had  to  do  the  work  in  her 
own  way,  and  well  indeed  has  she  done  it.  After  due 
consideration,  she  resolved  on  departing  in  some  measure 
from  the  scheme  proposed  by  Mrs.  Jameson ;  and  deter- 
mined, as  we  think  rightly,  to  treat  the  subjects  chrono- 
logically. The  work  commences,  therefore,  with  the 
Fall  of  Lucifer,  and  Creation  of  the  World,  followed  by 
the  Types  and  Prophets  of  the  Old  Testament.  Next 
comes  the  History  of  the  Innocents  and  of  John  the 
Baptist,  leading  to  the  Life  and  Passion  of  Our  Lord. 
Lady  Eastlake's  reputation  as  an  Art  critic,  and  her  in- 
timate acquaintance  with  the  Art  treasures  both  of  this 
country  and  the  Continent,  are  sufficient  to  satisfy  the 
reader  as  to  the  skill  and  judgment  with  which  she  would 
work  out  such  a  programme ;  and  when  we  add,  that  she 
has  been  assisted  by  many  of  the  men  most  eminent  for 
their  knowledge  of  Art  in  all  its  various  forms,  it  will 
readily  be  conceived  what  a  valuable  contribution  to  our 
History  of  Early  Art  is  the  work  before  us.  Like  the 
volumes  to  which  the}'  form  a  handsome  and  appropriate 
completion,  the  two  now  before  us  are  as  profusely  as 
they  are  beautifully  illustrated  —  for  upwards  of  280 
woodcuts,  and  upwards  of  30  etchings,  from  the  great 
works  of  the  Great  Masters,  give  interest  to  these  two 
volumes :  which,  as  Lady  Eastlake  says,  may  "  serve  to 
indicate  those  accumulated  results  of  the  piety  and  in- 
dustry of  ages  —  and  the  laws,  moral,  historical,  and  pic- 
torial, connected  with  them — which  have  created  a  realm 
of  Art  almost  kindred  in  amount  to  a  Kingdom  of 
Nature." 

The  History  of  Scotland,  from  the  Accession  of  Alexan- 
der III.  to  the  Union.  By  Patrick  Fraser  Tytler,  &c. 
In  Four  Volumes.  Vol.  I.  (Nimmo.) 

The  many  years  which  have  elapsed  since  the  publica- 
tion of  the  last  edition  of  Mr.  Tytler's  History,  have  by 
no  means  diminished  its  reputation.  The  pains  which 
the  author  bestowed  on  the  accumulation  of  his  materials, 
and  the  pleasing  style  in  which  he  exhibited  the  result 
of  his  researches,  won  for  the  book  a  ready  and  weil- 
deserved  recognition  of  its  merits.  Under  these  cir- 
cumstances, seeing  the  success  which  has  attended  the 
People's  Editions  of  Macaulay  and  Alison,  we  think  Mr. 
Nimmo  has  shown  good  judgment  in  determining  to  issue 
a  People's  Edition  of  Tytler ;  and  seeing  how  neatly,  yet 
cheaply  it  is  produced,  there  can  be  little  doubt  that  it 
will  meet  with  the  success  it  deserves. 

Notes  on  Wild  Flowers.    By  a  Lady.    (Rivington.) 
The  fair  authoress  of  this  pleasing  little  volume  claims 
for  it  only  the  merit  of  a  careful  and  painstaking  com- 


390 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  MAY  7,  '64. 


pilation,  but  it  is  something  considerably  more  than  this. 
It  is  compiled  with  great  taste,  and  a  love  for  the  beauty 
of  the  gems  which  deck  our  fields,  woodlands,  and  hedge- 
rows, which  is  likely  to  lead  many  to  the  pleasant  study 
of  English  wild  flowers. 

Our  Mutual  Friend.  By  Charles  Dickens.  With  Illus- 
trations by  Marcus  Stone.  (Chapman  &  Hall.) 
We  will  back  Charles  Dickens's  Greenbacks  against 
Chase's  all  the  world  over,  as  being  of  higher  value,  and 
consequently  being  certain  of  a  wider  circulation  and 
readier  acceptance.  In  this  first  issue,  Mr.  Dickens  shows 
all  his  old  vigour — his  touching  pathos,  and  quiet  humour ; 
and  it  is  easy  to  foresee  that  before  the  story  comes  to  an 
end,  Our  Mutual  Friend,  who  already  numbers  his  admir- 
ing acquaintances  by  thousands,  will  increase  them  ten- 
fold. '  

BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose:  — 

JERUSALEM:  the  Emanation  of  the  Great  Albion,  1804.    Printed  by  W- 
Blake,  South  Molton  Street. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  J.  Baynes  Thompson,  3,  Rothwell  Street, 
Primrose  Hill,  London. 


SPENSER'S  FAERY  QDEENK.  Books  IV.  &  V.,  forming  part  of  the  1st 
ed.,  4to.  London:  Ponsonbie,  1596.  Or  the  whole  of  the  2nd  vol. 

DRAMATIC  COSTDME  OP  SHAKESPEARE'S  PLAYS.  The  part  containing  the 
Merchant  of  Venice  and  Othello,  12mo.  London:  about  1824. 

FRANK  HOWARD'S  SPIRIT  op  SHAKESPEARE.  The  part  containing  Mea- 
sure for  Measure,  Much  Ado  about  Nothing,  Merry  Wives  of  Windsor, 
and  Richard  II. 

OLD  ENGLISH  PLATS  (the  Series  known  as  Dilke's).  Part  I.  containing 
Marlow's  Dr.  Faustus.  Large  paper.  London,  1814. 

WILLIAMS'S  VIEWS  IN  GREECE.  Part  XIL,  completing  the  work.  Royal 
8vo.  London,  about  1814. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  Marsh,  Fairfield  House,  Warrington. 

BURKE'S  EXTINCT  PEERAGE. 

Wanted  by  E.  M.  B.,  Oxford  Union  Society,  Oxon. 

BOYS'S  NARRATIVE  OP  HIS  CAPTIVITY  IN  FRANCE.    2nd  Edition. 
Wanted  by  Rev.  P.  Sankey,  North  Shields. 


THE  PLEASURES  OF  PIETY:   a  Poem,  by  the  Rev.  Robert  Wilson.    2nd 
Edition.    1840. 

Wanted  by  H.  M.  Bealby,  Esq.,  4,  Crowhurst  Road,  Angell  Road, 
Brixton. 

DUNHAM'S  HISTORY   OF  SWEDEN,  DENMARK,  &c.,  in  Lardner's  Cabinet 

Library.    2  Vols. 
HISTORY  OF  ENGLAND,  by  a  Lady.    2  Vols.  Parker. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  Miller,  5,  Victoria  Terrace,  Larkhall  Lane,  S. 


to 

JAMES  II.  AT  FEVERSHAM.  We  shall  in  next  "  N.  &  Q."  publish  a 
very  interesting  contemporary  account  of  the  King's  arrest. 

A.  F.  G.  There  is  really  now  no  settled  rules  as  to  mourning.  It  is 
now  worn  for  a  much  shorter  period  than  it  used  to  be.  There  is  no 
charge  for  inserting  Queries  in  "i  N.  &  Q,"  Will  our  correspondent 
Kindly  say  how  we  can  return  the  stamps  enclosed  by  him. 

PHILLIP  SANKEY.    "  Tempora  mutantur."    The  proper  line  is 

"  Omnia  mutantur,  nos  et  mutamur  in  illis," 
by  Borbonius.   See  Delicise  Poet.  Germ.,  torn.  i.  p.  685. 

KILLINOFORD.  Certainly,  "  Gentleman,"  which  is  surely  not,  even  in 
these  days,apphed  to  persons  of  inferior  rank. 

E.  M.  B.    Messrs.  Nichols,  25,  Parliament  Street. 
R.  H.  R.    The  allusion  is  to  the  well-known  nassage  in  the  Merry 
Wives  of  Windsor,  Act  I.  Sc.  1,  where  Slender  boasts  that  the  Shallows 
may  give.  the.  dozen  white  luces  in  their  coat." 

»**  Cases  for  binding  the  volumes  of"  N.  &  Q."  may  be  had  of  the 
Publisher,  and  of  all  Booksellers  and  Newsmen. 

.  "NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
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ELLI.NOTON  STREET,  STRAND,  W.C.,  to  whom  all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR' 
THE  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 

"NOTES  &.  QUERIES"  is  registered  for  transmission  abroad. 


Lately  published,  in  small  8vo,  3s, 

THE   ADELPHI   OF   TERENCE,  with   English, 

1  Notes.  By  the  REV.  WHARTON  B.  MARRIOTT,  M.A°,  and 
B.C.L.,  formerly  Fellow  of  Exeter  College,  Oxford,  and  late  Assistant 
Master  at  Eton. 

"  A  work  displaying  sound  scholarship  and  experience  in  teaching. 
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J\.  CATALOGUE  of  a  Selection  of  important  Historical,  Literary. 
and  other  AUTOORAPHS;  being  the  Third  Portion  of  a  Collection  for 
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JD  on  Art ;  Facetiw;  Volumes  of  Tracts  :  Bible  Prints  ;  Shakspeare  ; 
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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

WESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON 

YY      AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

C...,  O^-o.^  PARLIAMENT  STKEET^O^OK,  *** 


.Bicknell.Esq. 
.mers  Cocks,  Esq.,  M.A..J.P. 

H.  Drew,  Esq.,  M.A. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.  Goodhart.Esq.,  J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,M.P. 

Peter  Hood,  Esq 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  R.  E.Howard, D.C.L 


James  Hunt,  Esq. 

John  Leigh,  Esq. 

Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 

F.B.  Marson,  Esq. 

E.  VansittartNeale,Esq.,M.A. 

Bonamy  Price,  Esq.,  M.A. 

Jas.  Lys  Seager,Esq. 

Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 

John  B.  White,  ESQ. 


Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary — Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN 
CIPLE  by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society's  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Rates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  the  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MBDICAL  MEN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for. their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHARGE  MADE  FOR  POLICY  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready,  price  14s. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 


Sold  by  Grocers  and  Druggists. 

FRY'S 

IMPROVED    HOMOEOPATHIC    COCOA. 

Price  Is.  6<f.  per  Ib. 
FRY'S     PEARL     COCOA. 

FRY'S  ICELAND  MOSS  COCOA. 
J.  S.  FRY  &  SONS,  Bristol  and  London. 


Pure   Pickles,  Sauces,  Jams,  &c. 

And  Table  Delicacies  of  the  highest  quality,  pure  and  wholesome. 
See  "  Lancet  "  and  Dr.  HassaU's  Report. 

CROSSE    &    BLACKWELL, 

Purveyors  to  the  Queen, 

SOHO    SQUARE,   LONDON. 

May  be  obtained  from  all  Grocers  and  Oilmen. 

BROWN  AND  POLSON'S 

PATENT     CORN      FLOUR, 
Packets,  Sd. 
GUARANTEED  PERFECTLY  PURE, 

is  a  favourite 
DIET  FOR  CHILDREN, 

and  much  approved 
For  PUDDINGS,  CUSTARDS,  &c. 

STARCH  MANUFACTURERS 
TO  H.R.H.  THE  PRINCESS  OF  WALES. 

GLENFIELD     PATENT    STARCH, 
Used  in  the  Royal  Laundry, 
And  awarded  the  Prize  Medal,  1862. 
Sold  by  all  Grocers, Chandlers,  &c.,  &c. 

TTOLLOWAY'S   OINTMENT    AND    PILLS.— 

L    BETTER  THAN  A  FORTUNE. -These  purely  vegetable  ex- 
icts  can  be  safely  and  eflectively  used  by  all  persons  suffering  from 
internal  or  external  ailments.    The  directions  wrapped  round  every 
Ointment  and  every  box  of  Pills  are  amply  sufficient  to  guide  the 
iiffldent  and  encourage  the  most  timid.    When  illness  makes  its 
^nce,  and  remedies  are  easrerly  sought  after,  none  will  be  found 
Tiiore  effectual  than  llolloway's  in  alleviating  and  assuaging  the  pains 
)f  the  diseased  and  the  afflicted.    Both  Ointment  and  Piils  purify  and 
£!!!:8Sn!e.very  component  part  of  the  human  body.    It  will  not  do  to 


NORTH   BRITISH    AND    MERCANTILE 
INSURANCE   COMPANY. 

Established  1809. 

FIRE  AND  LIFE  INSURANCE  BUSINESS  of  every  description 
transacted  at  moderate  rates. 

The  usual  Commission  allowed  on  Ship  and  Foreign  Insurances. 
Insurers  in  this  Company  will  receive  the  full  benefit  of  the  reduc- 
tion in  Duty. 

Capital        .....          C-J.OOO.IMM> 
Annual  Income  -  4MO7.2OH 

Accumulated  Funds  ...          JB9.9SS.O2T 
LONDON-HEAD  OFFICES,  58,  Threadneedle  Street,  B.C. 

4,  New  Bank  Buildings,  Lothbury. 
8,  Waterloo  Place,  Pall  Mall. 


WEST  END  OFFICE 


DEBENTURES   at  5,  5i,   and  6   PER  CENT., 
CEYLON  COMPANY,  LIMITED.  Subscr- 


ibed Capital,  <350,000. 

DIRECTORS. 

Duncan  James  Kay,  Esq. 


Stephen  P.  Kennard,  Esq. 
Patrick  F.  Robertson,  Esq. 
Robert  Smith,  Esq. 
Sir  S.  Villiers  Surtees. 


Lawford  Acland,  Esq.,  Chairman. 
Major-General     Henry    Pelham 

Burn. 

Harry  George  Gordon,  Esq. 
George  Ireland,  Esq. 

MANAGER— C.  J.  Braine.Esq. 

The  Directors  are  prepared  to  issue  Debentures  for  one,  three,  and 
five  years,  at  5, 5j,  and  6  per  cent,  respectively.  They  are  also  prepared 
to  invest  money  or  mortgage  in  Ceylon  and  Mauritius,  either  with  or 
without  the  Guarantee  of  the  Company,  as  may  be  arranged. 

Applications  for  particulars  to  be  made  at  the  Office  of  the  Company, 
No.  12,  Leadenhall  Street,  London,  E.C. 

By  Order,  JOHN  ANDERSON,  Secretary. 


HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:  — 
Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24s. 
per  dozen. 

White  Bordeaux 24s.  and  30s.  perdoz. 

Good  Hock ...30s.    „     36s.       „ 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne 36s.,  42s.    „     48s.       „ 

Good  Dinner  Sherry 24s.    „     80s.       „ 

Port 24«.,30s.    „     36s.       „ 

They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120s.  perdoz. 

Vintage  1834 „  108s.       „ 

Vintage  1840 „    84«.       „ 

Vintage  1847 „    72s.       „ 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry,  36s., 42s. 
48s.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s., 42s.,  48s., 60s.,  72s.,  84s.;  Hochhei- 
mer,  Marcobrunner,  Rudesheimer,  Steinberg,  Leibfraumilch,  60s.; 
Johannesberger  and  Steinberger,  72s.,  84s.,  to  120s. ;  Braunberger,  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48s.  to  84s.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48s.,  60s.,  66s., 
78s.;  very  choice  Champagne,  66.f.  78s.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Lachrymse  Christi,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  doz. ; 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1856),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description .  On  receipt  of  a  post-  office  order,  or  reference ,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 
(Originally established  A.D.  1667.) 


EAU-DE-VIE.— This  pure  PALE  BRANDY,  18*. 
per  gallon,  is  peculiarly  free  from  acidity,  and  very  superior  to 
recent  importations  of  Cognac.  In  French  bottles,  38s.  per  doz. ;  or  in 
a  case  for  the  country,  39s.,  railway  carriage  paid.  No  agents,  and  to 
be  obtained  only  of  HENRY  BRETT  &  CO.,  Old  Furnival's  Distillery, 
Holborn,  B.C.,  and  30,  Regent  Street,  Waterloo  Place,  S.W.,  London, 
Prices  Current  free  on  application. 


DOTESIO'S    DEPOT,    95,    REGENT    STREET, 
QUADRANT, 

For  the  Sale  exclusively  of  the  fine  Bordeaux,  Burgundies,  Cham- 
pagnes and  Cognacs  of  France,  in  their  pure  natural  state. 

Cellars  and  Counting-house  as  above,  and  Orders  taken  also  at  the 

Restaurant, 
No.  9,  RUE  DE  CASTIGLIONE,  PARIS. 


Dinneford's  Pure  Fluid  Magnesia 

las  been,  during  twenty-five  years,  emphatically  sanctioned  by  the 
tfedical  Profession,  and  universally  accepted  by  the  Public,  as  the 
Best  Remedy  for  Acidity  of  the  Stomach,  Heartburn,  Headache,  Gout, 
md  Indigestion,  and  as  a  Mild  Aperient  for  delicate  constitutions,  more 
specially  for  Ladies  and  Children.  When  combined  with  the  Acidu- 
ated  Lemon  Syrup,  it  forms  an  AGREEABLE  EFFERVESCING  DRAUGHT. 
n  which  its  Aperient  qualities  are  much  increased.  During  Hot 
Seasons,  and  in  Hot  Climates,  the  regular  use  of  this  simple  andelegant 
emedy  has  been  found  highly  beneficial.  It  is  prepared  (in  a  state 
f  pertect  purity  and  of  uniform  strength)  by  DLNNEFORD  &  CO., 
72,  New  Bond  Street,  London:  and  sold  by  all  respectable  Chemists 
hrough out  the  World. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3**  S.  V.  MAY  7,  '64. 


BOTANY. 


ELEMENTARY  COURSE  OF  BOTANY : 

Structural,  Physiological,  and  Systematic.  With  a  brief  O»tti°e jj  *J? 
Geographical  and  Geological  Distribution  of  Plants.  By  ARTHUR 
HENFREY,  F.R.S.,  L.S.,  &c..  Professor  of  Botany  in  King  s  College, 
London.  Illustrated  by  upwards  of  500  Woodcuts.  PostSvo.  12s.  6d. 

II. 

RUDIMENTS  OF  BOTANY. 

A  Familiar  Introduction  to  the  Study  of  Plants.  By  PROFESSOR 
HENFREY.  With  Illustrative  Woodcuts.  Second  Edition,  fcap.  8vo. 
3s.  6d. 

III. 

BRITISH  WILD  FLOWERS. 

Illustrated  by  JOHN  E.  SOWERB  Y.  Described,  with  an  Introduction 
and  a  Key  to  the  Natural  Orders,  by  C.  PIERPONT  JOHNSON.  Re- 
issue to  which  is  now  added  a  Supplement  containing  180  new  figures, 
comprising  lately  discovered  Flowering  Plants,  by  JOHN  W.SALTER, 
A.L.S.,  F.G.S.;  and  the  Ferns,  Horsetails,  and  Club  Mosses,  by  JOHN 
E.  SOWERBY,  8vo,  with  1780  Coloured  Figures.  31. 3s. 

IV. 

BRITISH  POISONOUS  PLANTS. 

Illustrated  by  JOHN  E.  SOWERBY.  Described  by  CHARLES 
JOHNSON,  Botanical  Lecturer  at  Guy's  Hospital ;  and  C.  PIER- 
PONT JOHNSON.  Second  Edition,  containing  the  principal  Poisonous 
Fuiigi.  Post  8vo,  with  32  Coloured  Plates.  9s.  6d. 

V. 

THE  BRITISH  FERNS  AT  ONE  VIEW. 

By  BERTHOLD  SEEMANN,  Ph.D.,  F.L.S.  An  eight-page  out- 
folding  sheet,  with  Descriptions  of  the  Orders,  Tribes,  and  Genera,  and 
a  Coloured  Figure  of  a  Portion  of  each  Species.  8vo ,  cloth.  6s. 

VI. 

MANUAL  OF  BRITISH  BOTANY: 

Containing  the  Flowering  Plants  and  Ferns,  arranged  according  to 
their  Natural  Orders.  By  C.  C.  BABINGTON,  M. A.,  F.R.S.,  F.L.S., 
&c.,  Professor  of  Botany  in  the  University  of  Cambridge.  12mo,  the 
Fifth  Edition,  with  many  Additions  and  Corrections.  10s.  &d.  cloth. 

***  A  List  of  other  BOOKS  ON  BOTANY  may  be  had  of  the  Publisher. 


JOHN  VAN  VOORST,  1,  Paternoster  Row. 


Preparing  for  immediate  Republication, 

THREE  NOTELETS  ON  SHAKSPEARE. 

I.  SHAKSPEARE  IN  GERMANY. 
H.  THE  FOLK  LORE  OF  SHAKSPEARE. 
IIL  WAS  SHAKSPEARE  EVER  A  SOLDIER  ? 

BY  WILLIAM  J.  THOMS, 

A  Fellow  of.  the  Society  of  Antiquaries. 
J.  RUSSELL  SMITH,  36,  Soho  Square. 


LIST  OF  NEW  WORKS. 


THE  HISTORY  of  OUR  LORD,  as  exemplified  in 

WORKS  of  ART.  By  Mrs.  JAMBSON  and  Lady  EASTLAKE.  With 
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DIARIES  of  a  LADY  of  QUALITY  from  1797  to 

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THE  REVOLUTIONARY  EPICK.     By  the  Right 

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THE    DOLOMITE    MOUNTAINS  ;    Excursions 

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MISCELLANEOUS  REMAINS  from  the  COM- 
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NOTES  AND  QUEBIES. 


391 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  MAY  14,  18G4. 


CONTENTS. —No.  124. 

NOTES :  —  Historical  Fragment :  James  II.  at  Faversham, 
391  —  Folk  Lore :  Fragments  of  Scotch  Rhymes  sung  h.y 
Children  at  their  Games  —  Yorkshire  Folk  Lore  :  Bees  — 
Wiltshire  Method  of  preventing  Tooth-ache  —  Cuckoo 

—  Ornithological  and  Agricultural  —  The   Sun    dancing 
on  Easter-Pay  —  Eastern  Origin  of  Puck —  A  Children's 
Game  —  The  Lutin  —Devonshire  Doggrel  —  Customs  at 
Christmas,  893  —  The  Dolphin  as  a  Crest,    396  —  Dr. 
Johnson  and  Baby-talk,  Ib.  —  Ancient  Tombstone— Baron 
Munchausen  —  To  man  —  Chapge  of  Fashion  in  Ladies' 
Names  —  Joseph,  Archbishop  of  Macedonia,  1611,  397. 

QUERIES:  —  Cary  Family  in  Holland,  398  —'Battles  in 
England  —  Bezoar  Stones  —  Croghan  —  Davison's  Case  — 
John  Davys  —  Freke  —  Greatorex,  or  Greatrakes  Family 

—  Hebrew  MSS.  —  Heraldic  —  Hindoo  God  —  The  Lasso  — 
Meditations  on  Life  and  Death  —  Lascells  —  Luke  Pope  — 
Raid  — "Rule,  great  Shakspeare "  —  Sir  William  Strick- 
land— Willjam  Symes  — Window  Glass,  398. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWEBS  :  —  Sir  Thomas  Browne— Al-GazeJ, 
alias  Abii-Hamid  —  John  Watson  —  Oae  to  Captain  Cook 

—  Derwentwater  Family,  400. 

REPLIES:  — Cardinal  Beton  and  Archbishop  Gawin  Dun- 
bar,  402  —  "  Robin  Adair,"404  —  Old  Bindings,  Ib.  —  Lewis 
Morris,  405  —  "  Family  Burying  Ground  "  —  Sheen  Priory 

—  Fardel  of  Land  — English  Topography  in  Dutch  — "In 
the  Midst  of  Life  we  are  in  Death"  —  The  Robin— Foreign 
Honours  —  Burlesque   Painters  —  Robert   Robinson   of 
Cambridge— "Revenons  a  nos  Moutons"  — Sepia— Ety- 
mology   of  the  Name  Moses  —  D'Abrichcourt  —  Hymn 
Queries  —  Illegitimate  Children  of  Charles  II.  —  Lawn  and 
Crape,  &c.,  406. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


ftffttf, 

HISTORICAL  FRAGMENT:  JAMES  II.  AT 
FAVERSHAM. 

The  enclosed  last  two  leaves  of  a  Diary  which 
adds  a  few  details  to  the  account  of  the  capture  of 
James  II.  at  Faversham,  which  we  have  in  Clarke's 
life  of  that  king,  and  the  other  commonly  quoted 
authorities,  will,  I  am  sure,  be  felt  by  you  to  pos- 
sess sufficient  interest  for  preservation  in  the  pages 
of  "  N.  &  Q."  Although  there  are  no  indications  as 
to  who  the  writer  was,  it  is  evident  that  he  was  in 
attendance  upon  the  king.  WM.  DENTON. 

".  .  .  .  Dec.  llth,  1688.^  The  mobile  were 
up,  and  stopped  several  considerable  passengers, 
viz.  Sr  Tho.  Jenner  2,  Mr.  Burton,  Graham3,  &c. ; 


( ! )  "  Things  growing  more  in  a  ferment,  and  all  tending 
towards  the  Prince,  the  King  went  the  10th  at  night  to 
Somerset  House,  and  stayed  with  the  Queen  Dowager  some 
time;  and  at  2  in  the  morning  on  the  11th  he  took  water 
privately,  and  went  over  the  river,  in  order  to  going 
beyond  sea."— Luttrell's  Brief  Relation. 

"  The  night  between  the  10t!>  and  U*  of  Dacember,  in 
a  plain  suit  and  bob-wig,  he  took  water  at  Whitehall, 
accompanied  only  by  Sir  Edward  Hales,  and  Abbadie,  a 
Frenchman,  page  of  the  back  stairs,  without  acquainting 
other  with  his  intention." 

(a)  Chief  Baron  of  the  Exchequer,  and  hence  frequently 
spoken  of  as  Baron  Jenner. 

(3)  "The  Bishop  of  Chester"  [Cartwright]  "is  said  to 
have  been  seized  near  Dover,  and  Baron  Jenner,  Burton, 


Ob.  Walker,  Ja.  Gifford,  Jof  L,aybourne  *,  Ch, 
Pulton,  Wm  Kingsley,  -^  L,ockyer,  and  2  priests, 
with  several  R.  Cathol.  merch*8,  ye  Ld.  Arundel's 
son  and  grandson,  and  others., 

"  These  were  stopp't  in  or  near  Ospring  Street, 
and  most  of  ym  plunder'4 ;  the  success  of  these 
men  was  one  of  the  greatest  reasons  y*  push't  ye 
seamen  of  Fevershp.  forwd,  who  ab*  7  y*  ni"b,t, 
under  ye  conduct  of  Wm  Ames  and  Jo.  Hunt 
mann'd  out  3  boats,  wth  ab*  50  men  in,  yc  whole, 
who  taking  notice  of  an  uncertain  ruinour  y*  went 
abroad,  y*  several  were  flying  by  sea  into  France, 
in  great  zeal  and  in  quest  of  a  prize,  went  off 
towards  Sheppey,  an4  ab*  11  at  night5  near  the 
Naze  point  they  found  a  Custom-house  boat, 
who  was  taking  in  ballast,  whin  was  8r  Ed.  Hales, 
Ralph  Sheldon,  an4  one  more,  y*  proy'd  to  be 
Ks  J.  Wm  Ames  leapt  into  the  hold  alone,  and 
seized  ym  in  ye  P.  of  O.'s  name.  Sr  J£.  Hales 
wd  have  fir'd,  but  was  forbid  by  ye  unknown  gent. 
Tre  were  5  or  6  cases  of  pistols  loaden,  wch  might 
have  done  great  execucon,  if  made  use  of,  but 
no  hopes  cd  have  been  of  yr  lives,  if  they  had 
proceeded  to  opposicon  in  y*  manner.  Yet  I  am 
very  well  satisfy'd,  if  ye  K*  had  discover'd  him- 
selfe  privately  to  W.  Ames,  who  was  some  time 
in  ye  hold  alone,  he  had  never  been  carry'd  ashore, 
but  been  dismiss't  before  morning. 

"  The  seamen  kept  off  to  sea  all  night,  where 
they  rifled  yc  parties  wth  rudeness  enough.  They 
found  in  the  whole  near  200lb  in  gold,  and  about 
half  w*h  K.  J.  wch  wth  swords,  and  watches,  &c.  were 
great  plunder  to  ym.  I  know  not  how  it  happen'd, 
but  ye  greatest  rudeness  still  fell  on  ye  KS,  whose 
very  breeches  were  undone  and  examjn'd  for 
secret  weapones  so  undecently,  as  even  to  the 
discoveries  of  his  nudities.  This  ye  Kg  afterwdi 
much  resented,  as  not  fit  to  be  pffer'd  to  a  gen- 
tleman or  any  otljer  person. 

"  Whilst  ye  K.  continu'd  unknown  and  in  BO 
odd  a  disguise,  unsufferable  affronts  were  put 
upon  him.  He  was  generally  concluded  to  be  a 
Jesuite,  if  not  F.  Peter,  and  treated  with  guch 
harsh  expressions  as  old  rogue,  ugly,  lean-jaw'd, 
hatchet-fac't  Jesuite,  popish  dog,  &c. 

"  Thus  ye  night  was  pass't  unpleasantly  enough, 
ye  mob  being  extremely  abusive,  ev'n  beyond  wfc 
ye  leaders  desir'd.  Only  one  Jeffreys,  a  pipe- 
maker,  was  very  civil  to  ye  K*  unknown,  as  sup- 
posing him  to  be  a  gentleman,  wch  humanity  I 

and  Graham,  at  the  town   of  Fereham." —  Ellis  Cor- 

Tndence,  vol.  ii.  p.  356. 
|  Not  in  London,  as  Lord  Macaulay  seems  to  have 
supposed. 

(5)  Macaulay  says,  "  James  had  travelled  with  relays 
of  coach-horses  along  the  southern  shore  of  the  Thames, 
and  on  the  morning  of  the  twflfth  had  reached  Emley 
Ferry,  near  the  isle  of  Sheppey."  It  is  evident  from  our 
diarist,  that  the  king  could  not  have  arrived  later  than 
early  on  the  evening  of  the  eleventh.  Indeed,  had  he 
travelled  by  relays,  he  must  have  arrived  long  before  the 
morning  of  the  twelfth. 


392 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  MAY  14,  '64. 


saw  y*  Kg  resent  very  gentilely,  and  give  him 
such  a  reward  as  his  condicon  wd  bear. 

"  Dec.  12th.  Ab*  noon,  ye  Kg  Sr  E.  Hales, 
and  R.  Sheldon,  were  brought  up  in  a  coach  to 
Feversha,  fro  ye  place  of  yr  landing,  when  tis 
remarkable  y*  fresh  rudeness  attended  him,  for 
tho'  Sr  E.  Hales  was  carry'd  over  the  ouse,  or  dirt, 
by  ye  seamen,  yet  it  was  a  long  dispute  whethr 
y*  civility  shd  be  pay'd  to  ye  unknown  person. 

"  He  was  carry'd  to  the  Q's  Arms  in  Feversha, 
where  he  was  soon  discover'd  and  guards  set  upon 
his  room  wth  g*  strictness  and  severity; 

"  He  ask't  several  to  be  instrumental-  to  pro- 
cure him  a  boat  to  carry  him  off,  but  ye  ^  seamen 
generally  deny'd  him,  upon  wch  a  strange  jealousy 
seis'd  them  y*  in  the  night  ye  gentlemen  in  some 
odd  disguise  wd  carry  him  off,  wch  made  ym  more 
rudely  dilig*  in  yr  guards,  and  unwilling  he  shd 
remove  to  a  private  house. 

"  The  E.  of  Winchelsea  was  sent  for  by  y*  Kg, 
who  came  before  night,  and  yn  it  was  thought 
convenient  ye  Kg  shd  remove  to  private  lodgings  : 
but  «*  opposicon  was  made  by  ye  seamen,  and  as 
y"  Kg  pass't  down  ye  stairs,  swords  were  drawn 
and  threatening  expressions  us'd  by  the  guards, 
and  wth  much  adoe  they  were  contented  to  let  ye 
Kg  remove,  upon  promise,  yt  ye  seamen  only  might 
guard  him,  whilst  he  stayed  in  town,  who  confin'd 
him  very  strictly  by  reason  of  ye  jeaiousie  wch 
made  him  melancholy  at  times. 

"  That  night,  however,  he  seemed  to  sup 
heartily,  and  was  pleased  to  comand  ye  gentle- 
men to  sit  down  wth  him,  wch  condescension  was 
very  gratefull  to  several. 

"  Dec.  13th.  The  East  Kent  gentlemen  came 
in  a  great  body,  and  before  his  face  (for  he  was 
in  the  window)  read  the  P.  of  O.'s  declaracon, 
wch  made  ye  mobb  break  out  into  fresh  inso- 
lencies,  and  towds  night  a  messenger  came  from 
the  fort  of  Sheerness,  wch  told  ye  Kg  y*  ye  govern' 
intended  to  surrender  y*  fort,  and  the  fleet  in  the 
Swale  (the  road  near  for  ships  to  ride  in)  to  ye 
P.  of  O.  wch  seemed  to  afflict  him,  but  he  sd  he  was 
willing  to  consent  to  anything  to  avoid  bloodshed. 

"  After  wch  y*  seamen  guarded  ye  Kg  so  nar- 
rowly, y*  tis  sd  they  follow'd  him  to  his  devocons, 
nay,  and  were  so  indecent  as  to  press  near  him  in 
his  retirem*  for  nature. 

"  Dec.  14.  By  this  time  news  came  yfc  ye  P.  of 
O.  did  not  approve  of  ye  Kg's  being  stop't,  wch 
made  several  of  ym  y*  were  concern'd  very  blank, 
and  wish  they  had  never  medled.  But  wn  news 
came  y*  ye  Lds  at  Guildhall  did  not  much  dislike 
y"  thing,  they  soon  reviv'd  and  fancy'd  y*  they 
shd  all  be  rewarded  for  yir  expedicion. 

"  Abl  noon  news  came  y*  ye  K.'s  guards  were, 
upon  ye  road,  to  wait  on  him  to  Lorid,  and  yn  ye 
strangest  ferm1  and  passion  siez'd  ye  mobb,  y1  cd 
be  thought  of,  bee.  ye  Ld  Feversha  (a  man  ill 
resented  by  ym)  was  bd  to  be  wth  ym.  They  seem'd 


resolv'd  not  to  part  with  him,  talking  of  making 
preparacons  to  fight,  and  taking  ye  pains  to  cutt 
ym  off,  &c.,  wch  put  ye  neighbourhood  into  a  g* 
consternacon,  for  nobody  knew  w*  they  meant, 
nor  where  it  wd  end. 

"  The  gentlemen  endeavour' d  all  they  cd,  but 
all  in  vain,  for  ye  seamen  and  the  mobb  ruled 
all,  and  yir  passions  flew  out  to  y*  extremity,  y*  ye 
gentlemen  were  forc't  to  send  expresses  to  yc 
guards,  to  stop  short  6  miles,  for  doubtless  if  they 
had  enter'd  Feversha  y*  night,  mischief  had  ensu'd. 

"  Dec.  15th.  As  soon  as  cd  be  wth  convenience, 
ye  Kg  moved  out  of  town,  wth  his  guard  of  sea- 
men, and  ye  gentlemen,  and  about  5  miles  off  was 
met  by  his  guards,  who  took  him  out  of  ye 
hands  of  ye  mobb,  wn  his  spirit  seem'd  to  revive, 
and  he  became  as  it  were  anothr  man,  as  being 
glad  to  be  rid  of  such  guards,  whose  rudeness 
none  cd  justify,  and  w*  wd  be  ye  consequences  at 
last  none  cd  guess. 

Notes  by  the  Diarist. 

"  (1.)  The  Kg  was  in  an  old  camlet  cloak,  an 
ill  pair  of  boots,  a  short  black  wigg,  a  patch  on 
his  upper  lips  on  the  left  side,  and  otherwise  ex- 
tremely plain,  in  habit. 

"  (2.)  The  Kg  would  not  receive  his  gold  again, 
of  wch  he  was  plunder'd,  but  ordered  it  to  be 
divided  among  ym  y*  took  him.  But  watches, 
swords,  and  pistols  were  taken  by  him  again. 

"  (3.)  When  it  was  observ'd  ye  Kg  out  of  gene- 
rosity refused  his  gold,  but  was  destitute  still, 
one  Mr  Lees,  a  clergyman,  I11,  wth  some  othr 
gentry  and  clergy,  humbly  offer'd  him  some  gold 
(in  all  about  100lb)  to  serve  his  pesent  wants,  wch 
he  took  very  kindly,  but  took  care  to  repay  ym 
ere  he  left  ye  town. 

"  (4.)  The  K.  lost  a  crucifix  he  much  valued, 
say'd  to  have  some  of  the  true  material  cross  in  it, 
and  offer'd  largely  to  regain  it,  but  ye  party  y* 
had  it  broke  it  in  pieces,  in  greediness  of  ye  gold, 
wh  wch  it  was  only  tip't,  wcn  ye  K.  seem'd  much 
concern'd  for. 

"  (5.)  The  Kg  borrow'd  a  bible,  wn  in  town, 
and  was  seen  to  read  much  in  it,  and  sd  he  took 
gr'  pleasure  in  reading  SS,  and  made  it  part  of 
his  private  retirem4  before  devocon. 

"  (6.)  The  Kg  was  very  temperate,  and  never 
or  rarely  drank  between  meals,  wch  tho'  well 
known  elsewhere,  yet  was  mattr  of  pleasing  sur- 
prise to  many  here,  who  had  other  nocons  of  grc 
men  and  courts. 

"  (7.)  The  women  were  very  tender  and  com- 
passionate to  ye  Kg  in  his  continent,  seeming  not 
to  approve  w*  ye  seamen  did. 

"  (8.)  The  Kg  afterwds  discourst  wth  several  of 
ym  y*  siez'd  him,  and  forgave  ym,  and  wn  he  left 
y°  town  they  came  in  a  body,  a  party,  to  ask  for- 
giveness, wch  he  cheerfully  gave  ym,  saying,  I 


3"»  S.  V.  MAY  14,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


393 


forgive  y°  all,  even  Moon  too,  wch  Moon,  after 
ye  Kg  was  discov'd,  curst  him  to  his  face, — ye  Kg 
ask't  him  his  name,  wch  \vn  he  had  told,  ye  Kg  sd 
it  ought  to  be  Shimei,  for  Shimei  curs't  ye  Ld'» 
anointed,  and  so  ye  man  is  comonly  call'd. 

"  (9.)  His  discourses  were  very  grave  and 
pious,  and  show'd  a  gr*  sense  of  religio,  and  ye 
comfort  he  had  in  his  troubles,  among  many  oth§ 
w*  follows  is  remarkable.  He  sd  he  was  certain 
ye  P.  of  O.  on  his  coming  design'd  his  life,  and  y* 
he  thought  yr  was  but  one  step  between  his  priso 
and  his  grave,  and  yrfore  tho'  he  might  fall  a  sacri- 
fice, as  Abel  did  "by  ye  hand  of  Cain,  yet  he 
doubted  not  but  he  and  his  cause  wd  be  accepted 
of  God. 

"  Wn  he  look'd  out  of  his  window  and  saw  ye 
violece  of  ye  rabble,  he  sd,  I  can't  help  nor  hinder 
this,  God  alone  can  do  ijfc,  who  stills  ye  raging  of 
the  seas,  yc  noise,  &c. 

"  He  was  not  willing  to  send  away  his  son  till 
he  had  a  call  to  doe  so,  tho  it  was  not  so  extra- 
ordinary and  express,  yet  it  was  as  sufficient  as 
w*  ye  angel  sd  to  Jos.  Ma.  ii.  13,  l  Arise,  &c.'  He 
often  repeated  *  Herod  doth  seek  ye  life  of  ye 
young  child  to  destroy  him.' 

"  The  Kg,  persuading  some  clergymen  y*  waited 
upon  him  to  provide  some  vessels  to  carry  him 
off,  us'd  ye  loyalty  of  ye  Ch.  of  Eng.  for  an  argum*, 
telling  ym  if  he  shd  perish  for  want  of  yir  assist- 
ance, w*  trouble  it  might  give  ym  to  reflect  yron. 
He  told  ym  how  David's  heart  smote  him  for  cut- 
ting off  ye  skirt  of  Saul's  garm*,  and  this  must 
be  more  troublesome,  if  they  considr  ye  mischief 
y*  may  yrby  fall  upon  him.  Wn  they  made  yir 
excuse  fro  ye  difficulty  and  danger  of  ye  attempt, 
he  replied  to  ym  in  ye  words  of  ye  Saviour,  *  He 
that  is  not  for  me  is  against  me.' 

"  He  repeated  ye  greatest  part  of  Job's  5th  ch. 
ab'  afflictio  and  ye  benefit  of  it.  V.  1,  5,  6,  7,  10, 
]  I  to  ye  end. 

"  He  made  use  of  ye  1  Mace,  xi.  10,  *  For  I 
repent  that  I  gave  my  daughter  to  him,  for  he 
sought  to  slay  me.'  He  sd  ye  fears  of  ye  Ch.  of 
Eng.raen  had  occasioned  yse  troubles,  but  he  never 
design'd  any  hurt  or  disturbance  to  yir  interest, 
but  as  they  are  afraid  of  idolatry  and  superstitio, 
they  ought  to  have  a  care  to  avoid,  and  not  be 
engaged  in  rebellio  and  othr  sins,  and  he  quoted 
Rom.  ii.  22,  «  Thou  that  abhorrest,'  &c. 

"  He  appli'd  Job  xlii.  10—12  to  himself,  «  And 
ye  Ld  turned  again,'  &c. 

"They  plunder'd  all  things  but  a  psalter  or 
psalm  book,  wch  he  sd  he  valu'd  more  yn  all  he 
had  lost. 

"  Ho  sd  he  \vd  forsake  sceptre,  and  crowns,  and 
nil  this  world's  glory  for  Xt's  sake,  and  he  had  y* 
inward  peace  and  c'ofort  wch  he  w'1  not  exchange 
lor  all  ye  interest,  of  ye  earth. 

'*  He  own'd  much  comfort  he  had  recd  in  read- 
ing of  SS,  wch  he  sd  was  not  dcny'd  by  ye  Ch.  of 


R.  to  persons  of  understanding,  or  any  who  cd 
make  good  use  of  it,  and  few  besides  clergymen 
and  divines  read  it  so  much  as  he  did. 

"  He  sd  y*  he  as  well  as  othr  Xtians  ought  to 
expect  thro  many  tribulacons  to  enter  into  ye 
Kgdo  of  Heaven,  and  if  he  lost  his  temporal 
crown,  he  doubted  not,  but  y«  loss  wd  bring  him 
to  an  eternal  and  incorruptible  crown." 


FOLK  LORE. 

FRAGMENTS    OP    SCOTCH   RHYMES    SUNG    BY 
CHILDREN  AT  THEIR  GAMES  :  — 

i. 
"Here  come  two  ladies  down  from  Spain, 

A  len(?)  French  garland; 
I've  come  to  court  your  daughter  Jane, 
And  adieu  to  you,  my  darling." 


"  London  Bridge  has  fallen  down, 
Has  fallen  down,  has  fallen  down,  has  fallen  down, 
London  Bridge  has  fallen  down, 
My  fair  lady." 


"  A  duss,  a  duss  of  green  grass, 

A  duss,  a  duss,  a  duss ; 
Come  all  you  pretty  maidens 
And  dance  along  with  us : 
You  shall  have  a  duck,  my  dear, 
And  you  shall  have  a  dragon, 
And  you  shall  have  a  young  gudeman 
To  dance  ere  you're  forsaken. 
The  bells* shall  ring, 
The  birds  shall  sing, 
And  we'll  all  clap  hands  together." 

IV. 

"  Rainy,  rainy,  rattle  stones, 

Don't  you  rain  on  me ; 
Rain  on  Johnny  Groat's  house, 
Far  across  the  sea." 

ANON. 

YORKSHIRE  FOLK  LORE  :  BEES.  —  Last  week, 
passing  the  Hambleton  Station  on  the  railway  be- 
tween Milford  and  Selby,  I  observed  three  bee- 
hives having  pieces  of  crape  attached  to  them. 
On  inquiring  of  a  fellow-passenger,  he  informed 
me  that  some  members  of  the  station-master's  family 
had  lately  died,  and  that  the  custom  of  putting 
the  hives  in  mourning  under  such  circumstances 
was  not  uncommon  in  that  district. 

EDWARD  HAILSTONE. 

WILTSHIRE  METHOD  OF  PREVENTING  TOOTH- 
ACHE. —  If  you  take  one  of  the  forelegs  of  a  want 
(t.  e.  a  mole),  and  one  of  its  hind  legs,  and  put 
them  into  a  bag,  and  wear  the  whole  hung  about 
your  neck,  you  will  never  have  the  tooth-ache. 
This  valuable  specimen  of  Wiltshire  wisdom  is  ap- 
parently one  of  the  "  things  not  generally  known." 

JB.  H.  C. 


394 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  MAY  14,  '64. 


CUCKOO.  —  On  the  principle  of  your  motto  — 
"  When  found  make  a  note  of"  —  I  transcribe 
from  a  work  published  at  Upsal  in  1750,  De  Super- 
stitionibus  Hodiernis,  by  Jonas  Moman,  a  specimen 
of  Swedish  folk  lore  relating  to  the  cuckoo,  which, 
from  the  translation  I  append,  you  will  find  to 
resemble  a  custom  still  prevalent  in  some  parts 
of  England  when  the  cuckoo  is  first  heard  in  the 
spring.  The  Swedish  peasant  girl  says  :  — 

«  Goke  gra,  Gucku ! 
Seg  mig  d&,  Gucku ! 
Uppa  quist,  Gucku ! 
Sant  och  rist,  Gucku ! 
Hur  manga  ar,  Gucku ! 
Jag  leva  far, 
Jag  ogift  gar,  Gucku !  " 

That  is :  — 

"  Cuckoo  (Stotide  Gouk)  grey,  tell  to  me,  up  in  the  tree 
true  and  free,  how  many  years  I  must  live  and  go  un- 
married." 

Of  course  the  number  of  the  calls  of  "Gucku" 
indicate  the  number  of  years  she  has  to  remain 
single ;  but  the  memory  has  singular  artifices  to 
defraud  itself.  In  the  above  instance  the  cuckoo 
calls  seven  times,  but  the  girl  counts  six  only. 

j.  K. 

ORNITHOLOGICAL  AND  AGRICULTURAL.  —  The 
other  day  I  heard  a  farmer  use  this  folk-lore 
couplet :  — ' 

"  Cuckoo  oats  and  woodcock  hay 
Make  a  farmer  run  away." 

I  am  not  aware  if  this  specimen  of  ornitholo- 
gical agricultural  folk  lore  has  ever  found  its  way 
into  print.  If  not,  its  publication  at  "  the  cuckoo 
season  "  will  be  well-timed.  CUTHBERT  BEDE. 

THE  SUN  DANCING  ON  EASTER-DAY. — I  called 
last  week  upon  an  old  parishioner,  who  had  been 
absent  from  church  on  Easter-day.  Sickness  in  her 
family  had  kept  her  at  home,  but,  she  said,  she 
had  looked  out  at  her  window,  and  seen  the  sun 
dancing  beautifully.  I  looked  inquiringly,  and 
she  added,  "  Dancing  for  joy,  to  be  sure,  at  Our 
Saviour's  resurrection  on  Easter  morning.  Three 
or  four  years  ago,  Thomas  Corney  and  Mary 
Wilkey,  and  a  party  of  us  went  to  the  end  of 
Kennicot  Lane  to  see  it ;  but  Mary  couldn't  see 
anything.  There  was  the  sun  whirling  round  and 
found,  and  every  now  and  then  jumping  up  (and 
she  indicated  with  her  hand  an  upright  leap  of 
nearly  a  yard)  ;  and  Thomas  would  say,  '  There, 
Mary,  didn't  ye  see  that?'  No,  fai',  she  saw 
nothing.  At  last  Thomas  said,  'I  think,  Mary,  the 
old  devil  must  have  shut  your  eyes  if  you  can't  see 
that.'  And  so  we  came  home  again.  Our  little 
Johnuy  gets  up  every  year  to  see  it." 
^  It  is  a  curious  instance  of  the  power  of  imagina- 
tion ;  for  the  old  woman  cOuld  hardly  have  had 
any  object  in  telling  me  a  falsehood  knowingly. 
A  DEVONSHIRE  CLERGYMAN. 


EASTERN  ORIGIN  OF  PUCK.  —  In  a  collection  of 
Fairy  Stories  and  Folk  Lore  I  made  in  India  from 
verbal  relation,  there  is  mention  of  a  fairy  called 
Guru-Puck,  said  to  have  the  head  of  a  bird,  with 
wings  springing  from  his  shoulders,  indicative  of 
his  rapidity  of  movement.  He  is  unquestionably 
the  original  of  the  Puck  of  Shakspeare,  whose  chief 
attributes,  as  manifested  in  the  following  lines, 
was  celerity  of  locomotion :  — 
Puck.  "  I'll  put  a  girdle  round  about  the  earth 
In  forty  minutes." 

Shakspeare's  Puck,  like  the  Indian  fairy,  some- 
times wears  the  head  of  an  animal :  — 
Puck.  "  Sometimes  a  horse  I'll  be;  sometimes  a  hound, 
A  hog,  a  headless  bear;  sometimes  a  fire." 

Guru-Puck  is  the  messenger  of  the  higher  powers ; 
his  eyes  are  lightning,  and  rays  of  fire  issue  from 
his  body,  in  which  respects  Puck,  the  English  fairy, 
also  resembles  him.  H.  C. 

A  CHILDREN'S  GAME. — A  few  evenings  agt),  on 
returning  from  a  walk,  my  attention  was  attracted 
by  a  group  of  children  at  play.  Their  game  was 
played  by  marching  two  and  two  in  a  measured 
step  to  a  given  distance,  turning,  and  marching 
back  again.  As  they  did  so,  they  chanted  these 
lines :  — 

"  Ttirvey,  turvey,  clothed  in  black, 
With  silver  buttons  upon  your  back ; 
One  by  one,  and  two  by  two, 
Turn  about,  and  that  will  do !  " 
On  asking  the  children  the  meaning  of  their 
play,  and  of  the  lines  they  sang,  they  could  tell 
me  nothing,  but  that  they  had  learned  them  from 
others.  JOHN  PAVIN  PHILLIPS. 

Haverfordwest. 

THE  LUTIN. — In  the  Canton  du  "Vallais,  Swit- 
zerland, the  belief  in  the  Lutin  is  very  general. 
I  should  rather  say  Lutins,  for  there  is  niore  than 
one  member  of  the  family !  They  tell  of  a  Lutin 
who  for  many  years  guarded  the  flocks  of  the 
Commune  of  Contez.  The  inhabitants  offered 
him  a  cloak,  which  was  left  in  a  particular  spot; 
the  gift  was  taken,  but  the  Lutin  departed  sing- 
ing— 

"  Non,  non,  jamais  seigneur  de  mon  panage 
Ne  conduira  les  boeufs  au  paturage." 

Since  then  the  cattle  have  given  less  milk!  The 
legend  resembles  that  of  the  "  Hob  "  of  Close 
House,  near  Skipton,  in  Craven  (vide  Hone's 
Table  Book),  where  the  gift  was  a  red  coat  or 
hood.  In  the  parish  of  Linton,  in  Craven,  we 
have  the  story  of  a  bottle  of  brandy  being  left 
for  Pam  [query  Pan  ?]  (such  is  the  name  of  the 
domestic  spirit  there),  and  of  his  having  got 
drunk,  and  being  buried  alive  by  the  school- 
master ! — a  useless  effort,  for  Pam  was  as  active 
and  mischievous  as  ever,  after  he  had  slept  him- 
self sober!  In  the  Vallais,  at  Contez,  the  village 
fountain  was  filled  with  wine,  and  the  Lutin  there 


8'*  S.  V.  MAY  14,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


395 


got  drunk  and  was  captured  !  He  promised  if  he 
was  released  to  give  some  most  valuable  advice. 
Trusting  to  his  honour,  the  Lutin's  cords  were 
unbound,  on  which  he  leaped  away,  saying  — 

"  When  the  weather  is  fair  take  an  umbrella  — 
When  it  rains  take  whatever  will  keep  you  driest." 

S.  JACKSON. 
The  Flatts,  Yorkshire. 

DEVONSHIRE  DOGGREL. — The  children  iri  the 
west  of  England,  when  they  wish  to  play  hide 
and  seek,  and  similar  games,  choose  the  one  who 
is  to  be  (as  they  say)  "  of  it,"  in  the  following 
manner  1— They  gather  around  one  of  their  niim- 
her,  who  rapidly  repeats  the  following  doggrel 
lines,  pointing  in  turn  to  each  of  his  companions. 
The  one  at  whom  he  points  on  reaching  the  last 
word  is  the  one  chosen.  The  doggrel,  with  the 
first  line  spelt  as  nearly  as  possible  according  to 
sound,  is  as  follows :  — 

"  Iroe  diroe  ducca  medo, 
Where  shall  this  poor  Frenchman  go? 

To  the  east,  to  the  west, 

To  the  upper  crow's  n6st ; 

Eggs,  butter,  cheese,  bread ; 

Stick,  stock,  stone,  dead." 

The  first  line  has  such  a  snlack  of  Latinity  about 
it,  that  I  sfm.  induced  to  ask  if  any  of  your  readers 
can  refer  me  to  its  origin.  Is  it  the  first  line  of  a 
Latin  hymn  ?  C.  S. 

CUSTOMS  AT  CHRISTMAS  (3rd  S.  i.  482.) — Your 
correspondent  T.  B.  mentions  that,  in  the  West 
Riding  of  Yorkshire  at  Christmas  Day,  and  also 
at  tf  ew  Year's  Day,  a  male  person  with  black  of 
dark  hair  must  first  enter  the  house,  and  that  the 
occupants  seek  a  person  to  enter.  Also,  that 
"  no  light  must  be  allowed  to  pass  out  of  the  house 
during  Christmas  :  that  is,  from  Christmas  Day 
to  New  Year's  Day  inclusive." 

Now  the  object  of  iny  note  is,  not  to  call  in 
question  the  statement  of  T.  B.,  but  to  suggest  to 
your  correspondents,  generally,  that  the  value 
of  all  contributions  relating  to  local  manners, 
customs,  and  dialects,  will  be  greatly  increased 
by  as  specific  distinction  as  possible  of  the  dis- 
tricts in  which  such  peculiarities  exist.  The 
more  populous  the  county  or  district  concerned, 
and  the  greater  its  general*  altitude  above  the 
sea,  the  more  diverse  and  specifically  localised 
these  peculiarities  become. 

The  customs  alluded  to  by  T.  B.  are  strictly  cor- 
rect as  to  Leeds  and  its  neighbourhood,  probably 
for  many  miles  round  ;  but  he  knows,  quite  as 
well  as  I,  that  the  dialects,  and  many  of  the  man- 
ners  and  customs  of  the  "people"  in  Sheffield, 
Barnsley,  Wakefield,  Leeds,  Bradford,  and  other 
towns,  have  all  separate  and  distinct  characters. 
Even  the  villages,  "  up  in  the  hills,"  within  a  few 
miles  distance  from  any  of  these  towns  respec- 
tively, will  have  their  individual  local  vernacular. 


Yet  they  are  all  in  the  West  Riding  of  York- 
shire. 

I  confine  myself  strictly  to  what  has  come  under 
my  own  observation,  when  I  affirm  that  the  above 
remarks  apply  with  equal  force — so  far  as  density 
or  sparseness  of  population,  and  physical  geo- 
graphy admit — to  the  North  and  East  Ridings; 
and  to  the  counties  of  Derby,  Nottingham,  Ches- 
ter, Lancaster,  Devon,  Somerset,  Northumber- 
land, Durham,  and  to  many  parts  of  Scotland. 

To  return  to  the  custom  referred  to  by  your 
correspondent,  and  to  the  West  Riding.  In 
Sheffield,  a  male  must  be  the  first  to  enter  a  house 
on  the  morning  of  both  Christmas  Day  and  New 
Year's  Day;  but  there  is  no  distinction  as  to 
complexion  or  colour  of  hair.  In  the  houses  of 
the  more  opulent  manufacturers,  these  first  ad- 
missions are  often  accorded  to  choirs  of  work- 
people ;  who,  as  "  waits,"  proceed  at  an  early  hour* 
and  sing,  before  the  houses  of  their  employers  and 
friends,  Christmas  carols  and  hymns  ;  always  com- 
mencing with  that  beautiful  composition  :  — 

"  Christians  awake !  salute  the  happy  morn, 
Whereon  the  Saviour  of  mankind  was  born," 

On  expressing  their  good  wishes  to  the  inmates, 
they  are  generally  rewarded  with  "  something 
warm,"  and  occasionally  with  a  pecuniary  present. 
Among  the  class  called  "  respectable,"  but  not 
manufacturers,  a  previous  arrangement  is  often 
made  ;  that  a  boy,  the  son  of  a  friend,  shall  come 
and  be  first  admitted,  receiving  for  his  good  wishes 
a  Christmas-box  of  sixpence  or  a  shilling.  The 
houses  of  the  artizans  and  poor  are  successively 
besieged  by  a  host  of  gamins ;  who,  soon  after 
midnight,  spread  themselves  over  the  town,  shout- 
ing at  the  doors  and  through  key-holes,  as  fol- 
lows :  — 

"  Au  wish  ya  a  murry  Chrismas, — 

A  appy  new  year, — 
A'pockit  full  of  munftv, 
An'  ft  celler  full  a'  beer. 

"  God  bless  the  mester  of  this  ouse — 

The  mistriss  all-sO, 
Ah'  all  the  little  childrun 
That  round  the  table  go. 

"  A  apple,  a  pare*  a  plom,  an'  a  cherry ; 
A  sup  a'  good  ale  al  mak'  a  man  murry»" 

And  so  on.  The  same  house  will  not  admit  a 
second  boy.  One  is  sufficient  to  protect  it  from 
any  ill-luck  that  might  otherwise  happen.  A 
penny  is  the  usual  gratuity  for  this  service.  In 
the  forenoon  of  Christmas  Day  and  New  Year's 
Day  these  boys  may  be  seen  in  knots  at  street 
corners,  and  in  the  suburbs,  counting  their  re- 
spectively acquired  "  coppers,"  and  recounting 
their  respective  adventures  during  the  night 
and  early  mornihg ;  after  which,  they  generally 
resolve  themselves  into  sub-committees  for  the 
purpose  of  "  pitch  and  toss."  Later  in  the  day, 
many  of  them  may  be  seen  a  little  "  excited ;" 


396 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


"»  S.  V.  MAY  14,  '64. 


while  others  are  depressed  by  manly,  but  unsuc- 
cessful efforts,  to  consume  "  penny  cheroots." 

Fifty  years  ago,  the  refusal  to  give  lights  at 
Christinas  was  common  among  the  poorest  classes. 
Among  the  middle  classes-  it  was  considered  un- 
lucky to  do  so,  only  on  Christmas  Eve,  Christmas 
Day,  New  Year's  Eve,  and  New  Year's  Day. 
Lucifer  matches  have  put  a  practical  end  to  this 
superstition.  W.  LEE. 


THE  DOLPHIN-  AS  A  CREST. 

The  crest  of  the  Kennedies  of  Dunure — a  dol 
phin,  and  the  motto,  "  Avise  la  fine  "  —  long  ap- 
peared to  me  very  unmeaning.  During  a  recent 
visit  to  Rome  my  attention  was  drawn  to  the  use 
of  the  dolphin,  in  contradistinction  to  other 
species  offish,  as  a  religious  symbol ;  and  I  am  now 
induced  to  think  that  the  dolphin  was  assumed  on 
account  of  its  emblematic  allusion  to  Our  Blessed 
Lord,*  and  the  motto  is  intended  to  refer  to  it — a 
constant  )  keeping  in  view  the  great  end  of  faith. 
Irrespective  of  its  bearing  on  this  subject,  the  de- 
scription of  a  remarkable  christening  vessel  I  met 
with  in  the  Kercherian  Museum  at  the  Collegio 
Romano,  may  prove  of  interest  to  your  readers. 
I  asked  permission  to  have  a  rubbing  taken  of  it, 
but  was  refused,  on  the  ground  that  the  Society 
of  Jesus  were  about  to  published  an  illustrated 
catalogue  of  the  objects  in  that  museum. 

It  appears  the  old  Earls  of  Carrick  bore  for 
arms,  arg.  a  chevron  gu. ;  that  in  1285  Gilbert  de 
Carrick  had  differenced  these  arms  with  three 
cross-crosslets ;  that  John  de  Kennedy,  who  in- 
herited by  descent  the  honours  and  liabilities  of 
the  male  branch  of  the  house  used,  in  1371,  the 
same  arms,  with  the  addition  of  two  lions  sejant 
as  supporters,  and  a  lion  rampant  as  crest ;  that 
the  double  tressure  was  added  on  the  alliance  of 
the  family  with  the  royal  Stewarts.  Bishop  Ken- 
nedy on  his  seal  in  1450  has  two  coats ;  one  with 
and  one  without  the  tressure  ;  but,  as  far  as  I  can 
learn,  without  any  crest.  The  dolphin  and  swans 
as  supporters  are  first  observed  about  1516,  about 
which  period  the  Earldom  of  Cassillis  was  con- 
ferred on  the  Lords  Kennedy.  The  Kennedies 
could  not  be  ignorant  of  the  symbol,  as  several 
members  of  the  bouse  visited  Rome.  David  Ken- 
nedy, uncle  to  the  first  lord,  had  letters  to  go 
thither  from  Henry  VI.  in  1439.  The  catacombs 
where  the  ashes  of  the  martyrs  lay  were  shrines 
to  which  pilgrims  resorted,  and  from  which,  with 
the  approbation  of  true  believers,  they  committed 
the  pious  fraud  of  stealing  bones  and  other  relics. 


*  The  fish  was  adopted  as  the  emblem  of  Our  Saviour 
because  of  the  letters  in  Ix^vs  forming  the  initials  of  the 
Greek  words  — 


iby  *2.<arrip. 
Jesus  Christ  Son  of  God  the  Saviour. 


Here,  a  constantly  recurring  emblem  on  the  walls, 
is  a  dolphin-shaped  fish  bearing  on  its  back  a 
glass  bowl,  with  a  drop  of  red  wine  in  it,  and  its 
orifice  covered  with  small  biscuit-like  loaves  of 
bread ;  and  also  in  many  of  the  tombs  are  found 
small  fish  modelled  in  wood  or  ivory. 

To  return  to  the  baptismal  vessel.  It  is  of 
bronze  and  flat,  circular-shaped,  with  a  rim  and 
handle,  evidently  a  ladle  to  be  used  in  the  rite 
of  baptism  by  immersion.  On  the  surface  is  en- 
graved, on  an  inner  circle,  two  dol  phin- shaped  fish, 
probably  emblematic  of  the  divine  and  human 
natures  of  our  Lord ;  and  on  the  outer  circle  men 
fishing  from  boats  for  round  flat  fish,  with  evident 
reference  to  the  appointment  of  the  apostles  to  be 
fishers  of  men. 

Seton,  in  his  Heraldry,  p.  12,  in  one  of  his  ex- 
planations of  the  meaning  of  the  arms  of  Glasgow- 
city,  suggests  a  somewhat  similar  derivation  for 
the  fish  borne  in  them.  I  should  be  glad  to  learn 
from  some  of  your  correspondents  at  what  date 
the  fish  first  appears  in  the  bearings  of  that  town, 
and  also  the  earliest  date  at  which  the  crest  and 
supporters  of  the  Kennedies  have  been  observed. 
In  the  seals  appended  to  the  acts  of  the  Scottish 
parliament  as  published  by  the  Record  Commis- 
sioners, the  Earls  of  Cassillis  use  neither,  and  no 
motto.  CHEVRON. 


DR.  JOHNSON  AND  BABY-TALK. 

I  remember  to  have  read  somewhere  an  amus- 
ing anecdote  of  the  immortal  Sam ;  but  neglect- 
ing at  the  time  to  "  make  a  note  of,"  the  source  of 
the  story  is  forgotten.  Johnson  and  Boswell 
were  journeying  to  Oxford,  when  their  carriage 
overtook  a  decently-attired  woman  toiling  along 
the  dusty  road  with  an  infant  in  her  arms.  Bos- 
well  proposed  that  they  should  give  her  a  lift,  to 
which  the  doctor  objected  on  the  plea  that  she 
would  interrupt  their  rational  conversation  by 
talking  nonsense  to  the  baby.  This  was  overruled, 
the  carriage  was  stopped,  and  the  poor  woman 
taken  up.  "  But  remember,  madam,"  roared  the 
doctor,  "  that  if  you  talk  any  baby  talk,  you  will 
have  to  leave  the  carriage." 

Thankfully  promising  to  be  cautious,  the  nurse 
sat  and  watched  the  sleeping  infant,  and  listened 
to  the  conversation.  Presently  the  baby  stretched 
tself,  yawned,  and  looked  up  into  the  nurse's  face. 
'  Bless  his  little  heart,"  she  said ;  "  see  if  he 
las  n't  opened  his  eyzy  pizy  already."  "  Stop 
;he  vehicle !  "  exclaimed  Johnson  ;  "  she  has  vio- 
ated  our  compact,  and  must  realise  the  penalty." 

A  precisely  similar  story  is  related  by  Dean 
Alford,  in  one  of  his  charming  papers  in  Good 
Words,  entitled  "  A  Plea  for  the  Queen's  English." 
The  dean  says  :  — 

"All  perhaps  do  not  know  the  story  of  the  kind  old 
gentleman  and  his  carriage.  He  was  riding  at  his  ease 


3'd  S.  V.  MAY  14,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


397 


one  very  hot  day,  when  he  saw  a  tired  nursemaid  toiling 
along  the  footpath,  carrying  a  great  heavy  boy.  His 
heart  softened ;  he  stopped  his  carriage,  and  offered  her  a 
seat ;  adding,  however,  this  — '  Mind,'  said  he,  *  the  mo- 
ment you  begin  to  talk  any  nonsense  to  that  boy,  you 
leave  my  carriage. 

"All  went  well  for  some  minutes.  The  good  woman 
was  watchful,  and  bit  her  lips.  But,  alas!  we  are  all 
caught  tripping  some  times.  After  a  few  hundred  yards, 
and  a  little  jogging  of  the  boy  on  her  knee,  burst  forth, 
*  Georgy  porgy !  ride  in  coachy  poachy ! '  It  was  fatal. 
The  check-string  was  pulled,  the  steps  let  down,  and  the 
nurse  and  boy  consigned  to  the  dusty  footpath  as  be- 
fore. 

"  This  story  is  true.  The  person  mainly  concerned  in 
it  was  a  well-known  philanthropic  baronet  of  the  last  ge- 
neration, and  my  informant  was  personally  acquainted 
with  him." 

I  have  searched  in  vain  through  Boswell's  Life 
of  Johnson  for  the  anecdote  I  have  related ;  but  if 
it  is  a  true  story,  and  was  generally  known,  the 
conduct  of  Dean  Alford's  baronet,  may  have  been 
regulated  by  a  remembrance  of  how  Johnson  had 
acted  upon  a  similar  occasion. 

JOHN  PAYIN  PHILLIPS. 

Haverfordwest. 


ANCIENT  TOMBSTONE.  —  As  I  have  never  met 
with  a  tombstone  or  gravestone  in  any  church- 
yard so  old  as  one  of  the  former  class  at  Whit- 
tington,  near  Cheltenham,  by  its  inscription  and 
general  appearance  purports  to  be,  I  send  a  note 
of  it  to  "  N.  &  Q."  It  is  of  stone,  of  an  oblong 
shape,  and  narrower  than  is  customary  with  those 
of  the  last  and  present  century ;  and  is  placed 
within  a  short  distance  of  the  north-east  corner  of 
the  chancel.  The  words  on  it  are  :  — 

"  Here  lyes  interd  Thomas  Younge,  who  departed  this 
life  the  27  of  July,  1648 ;  and  Jemima,  his  wife,  who  was 
buried  the  13  May,  1642." 

J.  E.  C. 

BARON  MUNCHAUSEN. — I  have  just  come  across 
an  old  story  in  the  Facetice  Bebeliance,  which  may 
be  regarded  as  the  original  of  that  adventure  in 
the  modern  romance,  which  tells  how  the  Baron's 
horse  was  cut  in  two  by  the  descending  portcullis 
of  a  besieged  town,  and  yet  the  horseman  rode  on 
without  detecting  the  loss ;  till  he  reached  a  foun- 
tain in  the  midst  of  the  city,  where  the  insatiate 
thirst  of  the  animal  betrayed  the  want  of  his  hind 
(quarters.  The  adventure  may  be  worth  record- 
ing in  a  note :  — 

"  De  insigni  mendacio. — Faber  clavicularius,  quern  su- 
perius  fabrum  mendaciorum  dixi,  narravit  se  tenlpore 

elli,  credens  suos  se  subsecuturos,  equitando  ad  cujusdam 
oppidi  portas  penetrasse :  et  cum  ad  portas  venisset,  cata- 

ictam   turre    demissam,  equum  suum  post  ephippium 

iscidisso,  dimidiatumque  reliquisse,  atque  se  media  parte 

eqiu  ad  forum  usque  oppidi  equitasse,  et  cajdem  non  mo- 

m  peregisse.    Sed  cum  retrocedere  vellet,  multitudine 

hostium  obrutus,   turn  demum  equum  cecidisse,  seque 

captum  fuisse." 


The  drinking  at  the  fountain  was  a  happy  em- 
bellishment on  the  part  of  the  modern  Baron. 

In  the  same  collection  of  seventeenth  century 
jokes  (the  volume  dates  1661),  I  think  the  ori- 
ginal of  the  deer,  with  the  cherry-tree  growing 
out  of  its  head,  is  found;  but  I  cannot  say,  as  it 
is  a  long  time  since  I  read  the  book  through. 
The  story  of  Paddy  the  Piper,  which  all  of  us 
must  have  laughed  at,  is  here  as  large  as  life — 
De  quodam  Histrione.  O.  J.  D. 

To  MAN.  —  Are  not  our  dictionaries  at  fault 
with  regard  to  this  word  in  the  phrases  to  man  the 
guns,  to  man  the  windlass,  and  the  like  ?  In  some 
cases,  no  doubt,  it  does  mean  to  supply  with  men, 
as  to  man  the  yards,  to  man  the  walls,  &c.  But  in 
the  former  instances,  as  also  in  Othello^  Act  V. 
Sc.  2  — 

"  Man  but  a  rush  against  Othello's  breast, 

And  he  retires." 

And  in  Taming' the  Shrew,  where  "manning  a 
hawk  "  is  spoken  of,  the  meaning  seems  to  be  that 
of  the  French  manier,  to  lay  the  hand  on,  or  to 
manage.  B.  L. 

CHANGE  OF  FASHION  IN  LADIES'  NAMES.  —  In 
the  published  account  of  the  celebration  of  "  the 
Guild  Merchant  of  Preston"  in  the  year  1762,  I 
find  in  "  a  list  of  the  nobility,  gentry,"  &c.,  present 
at  the  festival,  and  in  "  a  List  of  the  Subscribers 
to  the  Ladies'  Assembly"  printed  therein,  some 
Christian  names  then  borne  by  ladies  of  high 
rank  and  good  family,  disuse  of  which  shows  how 
fashion  affects  names  as  well  as  dress.  In  the 
humblest  walks  of  life  how  few  would  now  give 
their  children  these  names !  Like  their  betters,  they 
prefer  Victoria,  Florence,  Ediih,  Julia,  Emily, 
Alexandra,  and  other  such  euphonious  nomencla- 
ture. Among  the  names  were  Lady  Nelly  Bertie, 
Lady  Bell  Stanley,  Miss  Molly  Bold,  Miss  Betty 
Bolton,  Miss  Peggy  Case,  Miss  Matty  Crook,  Miss 
Jenny  Assheton,  Miss  Susy  Langton,  Miss  Sally 
Rigby,  Miss  Nanny  Whalley,  MissDulcyAtherton, 
Miss  Ally  Walmsley,  &c. ;  and  each  of  the  above 
Christian  names  was  borne  by  several  others  of  the 
company,  including  some  of  the  best  Lancashire 
families.  WM.  DOBSON. 

Preston. 

JOSEPH,  ARCHBISHOP  OF  MACEDONIA,  1611. — 
The  following  document,  transcribed  from  the 
MSS.  of  the  borough  of  Leicester  for  the  year 
1611,  may  be  deemed  sufficiently  curious  to  be 
worth  preserving  in  the  puges  of  "  N.  &  Q."  — 

"  Whereas  this  grave  man,  the  bearer  hereof,  Josephe, 
beinge  seated  in  the  Auncyent  Cittie  of  Phillippos,  now- 
called  Soris,  as  Arche  Bieshoppe  for  the  wholl  Kingdom 
and  province  of  Macedonia,  was  by  reason  of  the  perse- 
cution of  the  Turks  and  Jewes  (who  verie  eagerly  per- 
secuted him  for  the  pavement  of  an  Auncient  tribute  of 
Thirtie  thowsand  Crownes,  for  wch  hee  was  pledge  for 
Mathias  late  Patriarche  of  Constantinople,  as  by  sundrye 


398 


NOTES  ANP  QUERIES. 


[3*1  S.  V.  MAY  14,  '64. 


Certificates  by  him  shewed  to  the  King's  Maiestie  ap- 
peyreth),  and  is  nowe  Lycensed  by  Charles  Earle  of 
Nottingham,  Lord  Highe  Admyrall  of  Englande,  to  tra- 
vell  through  the  King's  domynyons  to  aske  the  charitable 
devotion  of  all  Christians  to  redeeme  himselfe  from  the 
Turkishe  slaverye.  As  by  the  same  Ly  cense  more  att 
lardge  appeyreth. 

1  "NOTTINGHAM." 

In  the  Chamberlains'  Account  for  the  year 
1611-12,  we  meet  with  the  following  entry  :  — 

"Itm,  the  xxxth  daye  of  Januarie  [1612]_given  to 
twoe  Grecian  Marchauuts  wch  had  the  King's  Lres  patents 
togayther  towards  their  losses  -  V." 

WILLIAM  KELLY. 

Leicester. 


GARY  FAMILY  IN  HOLLAND. 

As  I  believe  you  number  both  readers  and  cor- 
respondents in  Holland,  I  desire,  with  your  per- 
mission, to  request  their  aid  in-  tracing  the  con- 
nection of  the  Gary  family  with  that  country. 

Sir  Robert  Gary,  grandson  of  Henry,  first  Lord 
Hunsdon,  is  said  to  have  been  "  a  captain  of  horse 
under  Sir  Horatio  Vere,  Baron  of  Tilbury.  He 
lived  and  died  beyond  the  seas."  (When  and 
where  ?)  His  wife  was  Alice,  daughter  of  —  — 
Hogenoke,  Secretary  to  the  States  General  of 
.Holland,  and  by  her  he  had  four  sons.  ;  viz.  Sir 
Horatio  Gary,  Colonel  Ernestus  Gary  of  Shelforc], 
co.  Camb.  (died  Oct.  1680)  ;  Rowland  Gary,  Esq. 
of  Everton,  co.  Beds  ;  and  Ferdinand  Gary,  who 
served  in  the  Netherlands  army,*  and  died  at 
Maestricht,  where  possibly  may  exist  a  monument 
to  his  memory. 

Col.  Ferdinand  Gary  married  Isabella,  daughter 
of  Daniel  Gems  Van  Wingarden  of  Dart,  in  Hol- 
land ;  and  had  issue  by  her  three  daughters,  and 
an  only  son  William  Gary,  who  was  also  an  officer 
in  the  same  service  with  his  father,  and  died  of  his 
wounds  at  Maestricht,  Nov.  1683.  His  wife  was 
Gertrude  Van  Outshoorn,  daughter  of  the  Lord 
Cornelius  Van  Outshoorn,  Knt.,  Lord  Mayor, 
Burgomaster,  and  senator  of  the  city  of  Amster- 
dam, &c.  She  died  at  Amsterdam  July  21,  1688, 
and  was  buried  at  Outshoorn. 

Her  only  son,  William  Ferdinand  Gary,  baptized 
at  Maestricht,  1684,  succeeded  his  cousin  as  Baron 
Hunsdon  in  1702  ;  and  it  is  from  the  papers  sup- 
porting his  claim  to  that  peerage  that  the,  above 
particulars  have  been  derived. 
^  I  am  desirous  of  ascertaining  further  informa- 
tion, especially  as  to  exact  dates,  and  monumen- 
tal inscriptions  relating  to  this  branch  of  the  great 
Gary  family. 

I  should  also  mention  tjiat  a  sister  of  Sir  Robert 

*  See  Calendar  of  State  Papers,  Sept.  1622,  account  of 
the  services  and  sufferings  of  Capt.  Jtilligrew  and  Capt. 
Ferdinando  Carey  at  Bergen  op  Zoon,  the  preservation 
of  which  is  mainly  due  to  them.  —  Dutch. 


Gary,  Alitha  Gary,  is  said  to  have  married  Sir 
William  Quirinson,  Baronet;  but  I  can  find  no 
name  at  all  like  this  in  Kimber's  List  of  Baronets. 
The  Hunsdon  peerage  became  extinct,  on  the 
death  of  the  above  William  Ferdinand,  eighth 
baron,  but  possibly  descendants  of  the  first  lord 
may  still  exist.  C.  J.  ROBINSON. 


BATTLES  IN  ENGLAND. —  I  should  be  much 
obliged  if  I  could  obtain  any  information  on  the 
following  questions  relating  to  battles  fought  in 
England. 

In  "  N",  &  Q."  3rd  S.  v.  280,  G.  J.  T.  speaks  of 
"  The  Barons'  Wars  at  Chesterfield,  temp.  John 
1266."  The  Barons'  Wa?\  however,  was  ended 
by  the  Battle  of  Evesham  in  1265,  and  the  fight 
at  Chesterfield  occurred  fifty  years  after  John's 
death,  temp.  Henry  III.  Where  can  I  find  a 
good  and  particular  account  of  this  encounter, 
and  also  of  the  following  battles,  and  their  topo- 
graphy ?  — 

Fight  at  Badcot  Bridge  in  1387. 

Battle  of  Homildon  in  1402. 

Fight  at  Sevenoaks  (Jack  Cade)  in  1450. 

Battle  of  Hedgecote- field  in  1469. 
„  Hexham,  in  1464. 

„  Lose-coat-field  in  1470. 

„  Blackheath  in  1497. 

The  Chroniclers'  accounts  of  these,  as  far  as  I 
have  read,  are  very  meagre.  J.  D.  M'JL 

BEZOAR  STONES.  —  Where  can  I  find  a  good 
account  of  Bezoar  Stones,  more  especially  of  those 
that  come  from  Africa?  I  have  r'eadtbe  diction- 
ary and  chemical  accounts,  but  want  a  reference 
to  the  works  of  some  traveller  who  fully  describes 
them  and  their  supposed  value  in  medicine.  In 
John  Davidson's  African  Journal  (1836),  I  find  a 
short  account  of  those  I  have.  He  says, — 

"  Had  three  of  the  famed  serpent  stones  brought  me  to 
pui-chase;  they  fetch  very  high  prices,,  as  they  are  a  re- 
medy for  the  bite  of  the  reptile,  and  are  used  as  a  most 
costly  medicine.  .  ,  .  I  bought  the  three  (at  Moga.- 
dor).  .  .  .  They  are  generally  brought  from  Sudan ; 
these,  however,  were  taken  from  the  M'hor,  and  are  called 
Selai  in  the  Mandingo  language.'' 

In  the  Penny  Cyclopaedia  they  are  mentioned  as 
coming  from  the  Antelope  Mhorr,  and  being  highly 
valued  in  Eastern  medicine  under  the  name  of 
Baid-el-mhorr,  but  no  word  is  said  that  would 
give  me  the  idea  that  they  were  used  as  antidotes 
to  the  poison  of  a  serpent's  bite.  Webster  uses 
the  word  antidote,  but  does  not  particularise  the 
poison  of  serpents.  I  should  think  that  it  is  very 
unlikely  that  these  Bezoars  (Ellagic  or  Lithofellic 
acid)  are  of  any  use  against  snake  bites,  and  shall 
be  obliged  if  any  correspondent  of  "  N".  &  Q."  can 
give  me  a  reference  to  their  being  called  serpent 
stones  elsewhere  than  in  my  uncle's  Journal.  What 
was  that  celebrated  serpent  stone  that  was  in  the 


3'"»  S.  V.  MAY  14,  '£4.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


399 


possession  of  some  Italian  family  two  or  three 
hundred  years  ago  ?  That,  I  think,  possessed,  or 
was  said  to  possess,  the  power  of  sucking  the 
poison  out  of  the  wound ;  it  was  no  antidote. 

JOHN  DAVIDSON. 

CEOGHAN.  —  It  is  stated  by  Mr.  Lewis,  in  his 
Topographical  Dictionary  of  Ireland,  that  the  hill 
of  Croghan,  in  the  King's  County,  is  mentioned  by 
Spenser  in  his  fairy  Queen.  Can  any  of  your 
readers  give  the  exact  reference  ? 

THOS.  L'ESTRANGE. 

DAVISON'S  CASE.  —  The  last  number  of  the 
Edinburgh  Review  has  a  strange  tale  of  hatred 
and  revenge,  in  an  extract  from  the  Memoirs  of  a 
Lady  of  Quality.  The  whole  would  occupy,  in 
"  N.  &  Q..,"  more  room  perhaps  than  it  is  worth, 
and  it  is  not  easily  abridged. 

A  Mr.  Davison,  somewhere  in  Devonshire, 
being  laid  up  with  gout  and  unable  to  move,  was 
visited  by  an  old  schoolfellow,  just  returned  from 
India,  to  whom  he  bore  ill-will  for  offence  given 
when  at  school.  They  had  not  met  since.  Mr. 
Davison  seemed  much  pleased,  and  entreated  his 
guest  to  stay  the  night.  He  consented,  and  was 
found  dead  in  the  morning  with  his  throat  cut. 
The  servants,  except  one  maid,  were  on  a  holiday  ; 
and  as  she  was  the  only  person  in  the  house  ex- 
cept Mr.  Davison,  who  was  helpless,  she  was  com- 
mitted, and  tried  for  the  murder — her  master  being 
the  prosecutor.  While  the  case  was  proceeding, 
Mr.  Davison  sent  a  note  to  his  counsel,  Mr.  Wed- 
derburn  (afterwards  Lord  Rosslyn),  desiring  him 
to  ask  the  girl  whether  she  had  heard  any  noise  in 
the  night.  Mr.  Wedderburn  objected,  but  Mr. 
Davison  insisted.  The  question  was  put,  and  the 
answers  given  aroused  suspicion  against  Mr. 
Davison ;  who,  ultimately,  avowed  himself  the 
murderer. 

The  "Lady  of  Quality,"  on  the  authority  of 
Mrs.  Kemble  (?),  in  1828,  states  that  Lord  Ross- 
lyn told  the  story  at  a  dinner  party  at  his  own 
house.  The  reviewer  quotes  it  as  "  on  good  au- 
thority." Those  who  read  it  at  length  will  see 
that  it  js  stagey,  and  that  the  proper  conclusion 
would  be  the  judge  discharging  the  prisoner  with 
his  blessing  ;  and  Davison,  putting  out  his  wrists 
for  the  manacles,  and  saying  —  "Lead  me  to  my 
doom."  Of  course,  no  "  authority"  can  establish 
the  fact  that,  in  Devonshire  in  the  last  century, 
the  counsel  for  the  prosecution  cross-examined 
the  prisoner.  I  am  inclined  tp  think  the  story  a 
pure  fiction  ;  but  as  I  do  not  suspect  the  "  Lady 
of  Quality"  of  inventing  it,  I  beg  to  ask  whether 
it  had  appeared  in  print  before  1828  ?  And 
whether  there  were  any  facts  on  which  it  might 
have  been  founded  ?  AN  INNER  TEMPLAR. 

JOHN  DAVYS,  rector  of  Castle  Ashby,  in  North- 
amptonshire,  was  author  of  a  Treatise  on  the  Art 


of  Decyphering,    1737,  and    an   historical   tract, 
1739.     The  date  of  his  decease  will  oblige 

S.  Y.  R. 

FREKE.  —  Was  Thomas  Freke,  merchant,  of 
Bristol,  about  1730,  of  the  Dorsetshire  family  ? 
Was  his  wife  Frances  a  Miss  Purnell  ? 

B,  C.  H.  H. 

GREATOREX,  OR  GREATRAKES  FAMILY.  —  I 
should  be  much  obliged  if  any  of  your  geneal- 
ogical readers  could  give  me  any  information 
respecting  this  ancient  Derbyshire  family,  ori- 
ginally possessed  of  Callow,  with  a  moiety  of 
Biggin,  and,  during  the  reign  of  Elizabeth,  of 
estates  in  Hopton  town,  near  Wirksworth,  through 
marriage  with  the  heiress  of  Sir  William  Knive- 
ton,  Bart.,  who  had  married  the  daughter  pf 
Nicholas  de  Rowsley,  who  had  married  the 
daughter  and  heir  of  William  de  Hopton,  of 
Hopton,  Wirksworth.  They  were  also  anciently 
connected  with  the  Barmaster's  Court  of  the 
Court  of  Peverel,  in  the  honour  of  Tutbury. 

JAMES  FINLAYSON. 

HEBREW  MSS.  —  Dr.  W.  Wall,  Preface  to 
Critical  Notes,  p.  vii.  says  :  — 

<<  There  is  great  reason  to  think  that  there  were,  about 
A.D.  125,  several  MS.  copies  of  the  Hebrew  Bible,  with 
several  various  lections ;  and  that  the  Rabbis  then  met 
together  (at  Tiberias,  as  the  tradition  is),  pitched  upon, 
one  of  them,  which  they  would  have  to  be  taken  for  the 
authentic  copy,  to  be  owned  and  used  in  all  synagogues, 
and  destroyed  all  the  rest." 

What  authority  is  there  for  this? 

NEWINGTONENSIS. 

HERALDIC. — A  fess  wavy  between  3  escallop 
shells.  Crest,  Q.  beaver,  fey  what  family,  con- 
nected, I  believe,  with  Leicestershire,  were  tfyese 
arms  borne  about  a  hundred  years  ago  ?  Were 
they  borne  by  the  Corrance  family  ? 

R.  C.  H.  H. 

HINDOO  GOD.  —  I  am  much  obliged  for  the 
answers  I  received  to  my  last  query  on  "  Hindoo 
Gods."  I  h/ive  been  able  to  name  almost  all  my 
little  idols  from  the  references  kindly  given  by 
your  correspondents,  One  of  my  images,  how- 
ever, still  perplexes  me;  it  is  this:  a  two- armed 
man  with  a  beard,  sitting  crossed-legged  on  a  tor? 
toise.  He  has  an  ornainepted  cap  with  two  pen- 
dants or  flaps  falling  from  it  behind  his  ears  ;  his 
hands  are  raised,  with  the  palms  turned  forwards. 
I  don't  think  that  the  tortoise  has  anything  to  do 
with  Kurnut,  the  second  avatar  of  Vishnu;  nor 
can  I  find  the  tortoise  mentioned  as  the  vehicle  of 
any  particular  divinity.  JOJIN  DAVIDSON. 

THE  LASSO.— What  is  the  earliest  knqwn^re- 
ference  to  the  use  of  the  lasso?  By  whom  is  it 
first  mentioned  ?  Is  it  represented  on  any  early 
sculptured  monuments  —  Assyrian,  Grecian,  or 
otherwise  ?  B.  L. 


400 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


S.  V.  MAY  14,  '64. 


MEDITATIONS  ON  LIFE  AND  DEATH.  —  There 
have  been  two  works  lately  published  by  Triibner 
&  Co.  entitled,  the  one,  Meditations  on  Death,  the 
other,  Meditations  on  Life,  both  professing  to  be 
translated  from  the  German.  Has  the  original 
German  ever  been  published  ?  Is  it  known  who 
was  the  author  ?  MELETES. 

LASCELLS. —  Of  what  family  was  John  Las- 
cells,  Attorney- at- Law,  who  was  resident  at  Horn- 
castle  in  1720  ?  Was  he  of  the  Nottinghamshire 
family  ?  His  widow  Susannah,  whose  maiden 
name  I  am  desirous  of  learning,  gave  a  very 
handsome  brass  chandelier  and  two  silver  flagons 
to  the  church  at  Horncastle.  R.  C.  H.  H. 

LUKE  POPE. — One  volume  of  a  History  of  the. 
County  of  Middlesex,  by  Luke  Pope,  appeared  in 
1795.  Was  Luke  Pope  a  real  name  ?  If  so,  in- 
formation about  him  is  solicited.  S.  Y.  R. 

RAID. — Americans  do  not  claim  this  word,  but 
give  its  origin,  so  far  as  is  known,  to  Sir  Walter 
Scott  — 

"  Widow  and  Saxon  maid 
Long  shall  lament  our  raid." 

Lady  of  the  Lake, 

Will  any  of  your  correspondents  kindly  favour 
me  with  an  earlier  mention  of  this  word,  which 
so  briefly  and  correctly  describes  a  daring  ex- 
ploit in  an  enemy's  country,  and  very  frequently 
a  severe  and  unexpected  loss  to  its  inhabitants  ? 

w.  w. 

Malta. 

"  RULE,  GREAT  SHAKSPEARE."  —  In  the  pro- 
gramme of  the  Stratford  Jubilee  in  1830,  is  the 
above  name  of  a  song.  Can  any  of  your  readers 
give  me  the  name  of  the  author,  or  supply  the 
words?  At  this  time  it  would  especially  be  in- 
teresting to  know  its  author,  and  to  be  able  to  get 
a  correct  version  of  its  words.  L.  J. 

SIR  WILLIAM  STRICKLAND.  —  I  am  anxious  to 
ascertain  the  date  of  a  marriage,  which  was  cele- 
brated in  the  East  Riding  of  Yorkshire  in  the 
sixteenth  or  seventeenth  century,  "before  Sir 
William  Strickland."  There  were  two  Sir  Wil- 
liams who  might  be  the  person  indicated ;  the  first 
died  1598,  and  the  second  was  Cromwell's  Lord 
Strickland.  I  presume,  therefore,  that  the  mar- 
riage was  celebrated  before  the  latter  as  Justice  of 
the  Peace,  neither  of  the  Sir  Williams  having  been 
clergymen.  Between  what  dates  was  the  custom 
of  marrying  before  magistrates  or  justices  allowed 
or  practised?  Could  the  marriage  have  been 
celebrated  before  the  first  Sir  William,  acting  in 
any  official  capacity  ?  SIGM  A-THETA. 

WILLIAM  SYMES,  of  Queen's  College,  Cam- 
bridge, went  out  B.A.  1681—2.  He  subse- 
quently became  a  member  of  Balliol  College, 
Oxford,  being  incorporated  B.A.  in  that  uni- 
versity 21  Nov.  1683,  and  proceeding  M.A.  there 


17  Dec.  1684.     He  was  master  of  Saint  Saviour's 
school,  Southwark,  and  published  — 

"  Nolumus  Lilium  defamari ;  or  a  Vindication  of  the 
Common  Grammar,  so  far  as  it  is  misrepresented  in  the 
first  thirty  animadversions  contain'd  in  Mr.  Johnson's 
'  Grammatical  Commentaries/  with  remarks  upon  the 
same.  Lond.  8vo.  1709." 

We  shall  be  glad  to  be  informed  when  he  was 
appointed  master  of  Saint  Saviour's  school,  and 
when  and  how  he  vacated  the  office. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

WINDOW  GLASS. — Bede  is  commonly  quoted  as 
assigning  the  introduction  of  window-glass  to  the 
year  674.  Will  some  one  or  more  of  your  readers 
carefully  con  over  his  Life  of  Benedict,  and  say 
whether  it  was  not  Egfrid's  grant  of  land  that  was 
made  in  that  year,  and  the  glazing  of  the  church 
must  not  be  carried  about  two  years  later  down  ? 
Benedict's  friend  Witfrid,  restored  to  York  by 
Theodorus  in  or  about  669,  was  deposed  in  678, 
having  in  the  interval  filled  the  windows  of  the 
minster  with  glass.  Can  any  contributor  to 
"  N.  &  Q."  supply  the  date  ?  Bourne,  in  his 
History  of  Newcastle  (1736),  states,  that  "  some- 
time in  the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth  came  over 
to  England  from  Lorrain  the  Henzels,  Tyzacks, 
and  Tytorys,"  moved  thereto  by  "  the  persecution 
of  the  Protestants  in  their  own  country."  These 
immigrants,  "  by  occupation  glass-makers,"  at  their 
first  coming  to  Newcastle,  "  wrought  in  their  trade 
at  the  Close  Gate,"  and  afterwards  removed  into 
Staffordshire.  Thence,  however,  they  returned, 
and  settled  upon  the  Tyne.  Brand  (1789),  suc- 
cessor of  Bourne  as  historian  of  Newcastle,  thinks 
"  we  may  venture  to  fix  the  beginning  of  the  glass- 
works upon  the  river  Tyne  about  1619,  when  they 
were  established  by  Sir  Robert  Maunsell,  Knight, 
Vice- Admiral  of  England."  Had  the  glass-makers 
of  Lorrain  founded  no  works  on  the  Tyne  before 
those  of  Maunsell  ?  C. 


fottlj 

SIR  THOMAS  BROWNE.  —  Will  any  of  your 
readers  tell  me  where  to  find  "An  Account  of  the 
Tryal  and  Condemnation  of  Amy  Duny  and  Rose 
Cullender  for  witchcraft  at  Bury  Assizes,  before 
Judge  Hale  ?" — an  account  "printed  in  his  Lord- 
ship's lifetime  for  an  appeal  to  the  world,"  says 
the  Rev.  Francis  Hutchinson,  who  comments  on 
it  in  his  Historical  Essay  concerning  Witchcraft : — 

"  The  two  poor  old  Avomen,"  he  says,  "  -were  charged 
and  convicted  under  thirteen  indictments,  for  such  things 
as  bewitching  John  Soam's  waggon  to  overturn  or 
stick  in  gateways;  bewitching  the  harvest  men,  so 
that  at  the  last  load  at  night  the  men  were  weary,  and 
could  -not  unload  that  cart,  &c.  But  they  were  also 
charged  with  bewitching  Mr.  Pacy's  child  into  fits.  To 
prove  this,  Judge  Hale  had  the  child  brought  hoodwinked 
into  court,  who  sure  enough  'flew  into  a  rage  at  the 


3rd  S.  V.  MAY  14,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


401 


touch '  of  the  supposed  witch.  But  when  my  Lord  Chief 
Baron  desired  the  Lord  Cornwallis,  Sir  Edmund  Bacon, 
and  Mr.  Serjeant  Keeling  to  try  that  experiment  in 
another  place,  the  girl  flew  into  *the  same  rage  at  the 
touch  of  another  person ;  and  therefore  those  gentlemen 
came  in  and  declared  that  they  believed  it  a  meer  impos- 
ture." 

Here  the  scale  was  turning  altogether  in  the 
prisoners'  favour,  but  unluckily  — 

"  Sir  Thomas  Browne  of  Norwich,  the  famous  physi- 
cian of  his  time,  was  in  court,  and  was  desired  by  my 
Lord  Chief  Baron  to  give  his  judgment  in  the  case;  and 
he  declared  « that  he  was  clearly  of  opinion  that  the  fits 
were  natural,  but  heightened  by  the  devil,  co-operating 
with  the  malice  of  the  witches,  at  whose  instance  he  did 
the  villainies.'  And,  be  added,  that  in  Denmark  there  had 
been  lately  a  great  discovery  of  witches,  who  used  the 
very  same  way  of  afflicting  persons  by  conveying  pins 
into  them." 

This  declaration  of  Sir  Thomas,  Hutchinson 
thinks,  "  turned  back  the  scale  that  was  otherwise 
inclining  to  the  favour  of  the  accused  persons." 
And,  "  if  the  witnesses  spoke  truth,  there  was  a 
diabolical  interposition  in  some  of  the  facts;"  but 
with  all  this,  Judge  Hale  "  was  in  such  fears,  and 
proceeded  with  such  caution,  that  he  would  not 
so  much  as  sum  up  the  evidence,  but  left  it  to  the 
jury,  with  prayers  '  that  the  great  God  of  heaven 
would  direct  their  hearts  in  that  weighty  matter.' 
But  country  people  are  wonderfully  bent  to  make 
the  most  of  all  stories  of  witchcraft ;  and,  having 
Sir  Thomas  Browne's  declaration  about  Den- 
mark for  their  encouragement,  in  half  an  hour 
they  brought  them  in  guilty  upon  all  the  thirteen 
several  indictments.  After  this  my  Lord  Chief 
Baron  gave  the  law  its  course,  and  they  were 
condemned,  and  died  declaring  their  innocence." 
Their  punishment  being,  however,  commuted  from 
burning  to  hanging,  "  because  some  of  the  afflicted 
persons  recovered." 

So,  if  this  account  be  true,  here  is  the  really 
learned  and  humane  expounder  of  vulgar  errors, 
a  main  instrument  in  condemning  to  death  two 
poor  old  women  for  a  charge  which  even  two 
country  gentlemen  of  the:time  thought  imposture. 
Sir  Thomas  could  even  admit  the  fits  to  be  na- 
tural ;  but  then  he  must  have  over  a  devil  from 
Denmark  to  irritate  them. 

I  see  no  reason  to  doubt  Hutchinson's  accuracy, 
but  I  would  fain  see  the  original  document  from 
which  he  quotes.  QUIVIS. 

[Hutchinson's  notice  of  this  remarkable  occurrence  is 
taken  from  the  following  work,  "  A  Tryal  of  Witches, 
held  at  Bury  St.  Edmunds,  Suffolk,  on  March  10,  1664, 
before  Sir  Matthew  Hale,'  kt.  Lond.  8vo,  1682."  A  re- 
print of  this  work  was  published  by  John  Russell  Smith 
in  1838.  Both  editions  are  in  the  British  Museum.  It 
is  not  a  little  singular  that  Sir  Thomas  Browne's  princi- 
pal biographers,  Whitefoot,  Johnson,  and  Kippis,  have  all 
passed  over  in  silence  this  want  of  discernment  and  feeling 
at  this  memorable  trial,  and  which  has  gone  far  in  the 
estimation  of  his  admirers  to  detract  from  his  character  as 


an  acute  and  philosophical  investigator  of  deep-rooted  and 
vulgar  errors.  This  incident  in  the  life  of  the  author  of 
the  Religio  Medici  was  first  noticed  by  Dr.  Aikin  in  his 
Biographical  Dictionary.  Since  then  Sir  Thomas  has  found 
an  apologist  in  his  latest  biographer,  Simon  Wilkin, 
F.L.S.  Listen  to  what  he  says  in  his  "  Supplementary 
Memoir."  (Browne's  Works,  vol.  i.  p.  Ixxxiii.  ed.  1836.) 
"  But  let  us  be  cautious  and  slow  to  pronounce  judgment 
on  such  a  man.  In  the  first  place,  it  must  surely  be  ad- 
mitted that  he  had  nothing  whatever  to  do  with  the 
justice  or  injustice  of  the  law  which  made  witchcraft  a 
capital  offence.  Hutchinson,  therefore,  has  committed  a 
flagrant  injustice  in  attempting  to  make  him  accountable 
for  the  blood  of  these  women.  Can  I  with  a  safe  con- 
science acquit  a  man  whom  I  believe  tc  be  proved  guilty, 
solely  because  I  deem  the  law  to  be  unjust  which  makes 
his  offence  capital  ?  Can  my  conscientious  verdict  make 
me  a  party  to  the  injustice  of  that  law?  Most  certainly 
jiot.  So  must  not  Browne  be  condemned  for  giving  his 
opinion,  on  the  sole  ground  '  that  it  was  a  case  of  blood.* 
It  must  be  shown,  either  that  he  was  wrong  in  believing 
that  witchcraft  had  ever  existed ;  or,  if  this  cannot,  in 
the  very  teeth  of  Scripture,  be  shown,  then,  secondly,  it 
must  be  proved  that  he  was  wrong  in  his  opinion  that 
cases  of  witchcraft  still  existed ;  or,  thirdly,  that  he  er- 
roneously deemed  the  present  to  be  a  genuine  instance 
of  it."] 

AL-GAZEL,  alias  ABU-HAMID.  —  Sir  W.  Hamil- 
ton, in  his  Lectures,  ii.  p.  389,  puts  Algazel  down 
as  living  "towards  the  commencement  of  the 
twelfth  century  at  Bagdad."  G.  H.  Lewes,  in  his 
Biograph.  Hist,  of  Philosophy,  says  he  was  born 
at  Tous,  in  1508.  Averroes  wrote  Destructio  De- 
structionis,  &c.,  in  answer  to  Algazel's  Destructio 
Philosophorum.  Would  you  kindly  explain  this, 
and  give  me  the  proper  dates  of  these  two  great 
men  ?  FAIL. 

[Lewes's  date  of  the  birth  of  Al-Gazel  is  clearly  a  mis- 
print ;  for  1508  read  1058.  According  to  the  best  autho- 
rities, this  celebrated  Mohammedan  doctor  was  born  at 
Tris,  a  large  town  of  Khorassan,  in  A.H.  450  (others  say 
451),  A.D.  1058-9,  and  died  A.H.  505,  (A.D.  1111).  A 
list  of  Al-Gazel's  numerous  works  on  metaphysics,  morals, 
and  religion  is  given  in  Casiri's  Bibl.  Arab.  Hisp.  Escur. 
—  The  exact  year  of  Averroes'  birth  is  unknown.  It 
has  sometimes  been  placed  in  A.D.  1149  (A.H.  543-4),  but 
this  is  certainly  much  too  late,  for  he  is  said  to  have  been 
very  old  when  he  died,  A.H.  595  (A.D.  1198).  The  most 
celebrated  of  the  works  of  Averroes,  after  his  Commenta- 
ries on  Aristotle,  is  his  reply  to  Al-Gazel's  Destruction  of 
the  Philosophers,  and  which  he  entitled  Destruction  of 
the  Destruction,  the  earliest  edition  of  which  mentioned  by 
Panzer  is  that  of  Venice,  1495,  fol.] 

JOHN  WATSON,  Rector  of  Kirby  Cane,  in  Nor- 
folk, was  author  of — 

"  Memoirs  of  the  Family  of  the  Stuarts,  and  the  remark- 
able Providences  of  God  towards  them,  in  an  Historical 
Account  of  the  Lives  of  those  his  Majesty's  Progenitors 


402 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


S.  V.  MAY  14,  '64. 


of  that  Name  that  were  Kings  of  Scotland.    Lond.  8vo, 
1683." 

The  author  is  said  to  have  been  a  Scotchman. 
He  was  presented  by  Charles  I.  to  the  vicarage  of 
Wroxham-cum-Salthouse,  Norfolk,  Nov.  8,  1639 
(JFtymer,  xx.  383).  From  this  benefice  he  was,  it 
seems,  soon  afterwards  ejected.  However,  in  1647 
he  obtained  the  rectory  of  Kirby  Cane,  on  the 
presentation  of  Richard  Catelyn,  and  was  ordered 
to  be  inducted  on  condition  that  he  took  the 
Covenant  (Lords'  Journals,  ix.  150.)  He  died  in 
1661,  sat.  forty-eight  (Walker's  Sufferings,  ii. 
401). 

Abp.  Nicolson  (Scottish  Historical  Library,  4to, 
edit.  '43)  confounds  him  with  Richard  Watson, 
D.D.,  author  of  Historical  Collection  of  Ecclesias- 
tical Affairs  in  Scotland,  yet  the  archbishop's  im- 
pertinent remark  on  the  Memoirs  of  the  Stuarts 
has  been  cited  by  Lowndes. 

The  preface  to  the  Memoirs  of  the  Stuarts  may 
contain  some  account  of  the  author,  but  unfortu- 
nately I  have  not  been  able  to  meet  with  a  copy 
of  the  work. 

I  hope  through  your  columns  to  obtain  further 
information  about  this  author,  and  also  respecting 
John  Watson  Rector  of  Wroxham,  1663-1692. 
(Blomefield's  Norfolk,  x.  478.)  The  latter  was 
probably  son  of  the  author  of  the  above  work. 

S.  Y.  R. 

[We  learn  from  the  Preface  to  the  Memoirs  of  the 
Stuarts  that  Jphn  Watson  was  a  native  of  Scotland,  and 
that  his  early  merits  advanced  him  at  the  age  of  twenty- 
three  to  be  preacher  at  the  Canongate  in  Edinburgh, 
about  the  year  1636,  through  the  interest  of  the  learned 
Spotswood.  He  came  to  England  to  escape  the  fury  of 
the  Presbyterians,  and  was  preferred  to  a  vicarage  in 
Norfolk  by  Charles  I.  After  his  ejection  from  this  place 
he  obtained,  by  the  favourable  recommendation  of  Lieut. - 
Col.  Bendish,  the  rectory  of  Kirby  Cane  in  the  same 
county,  then  in  the  gift  of  Richard  Cateline,  Esq.,  where 
he  resided  for  more  than  twelve  years  in  a  retired  and 
pious  solitude.  It  is  also  stated  by  his  Editor,  that  at 
the  Restoration  "  he  resorted  to  London  to  congratulate 
the  joyful  change  in  national  affairs,  when  he  had  the 
honour  to  kiss  His  Majesty's  hand,  and  receive  sonie  fur- 
tfyer  assurance  of  his  bounty ;  but  returning  in  a  pleonasm 
of  joy,  he  expired  in  the  ecstasy  without  any  n^ore  marks 
of  royal  favour  upon  him."] 

_  ODE  TO  CAPTAIN  COOK.  —  I  have  in  my  posses- 
sion an  ode  in  MS.  to  the  memory  of  Captain 
James  Cook,  R.N.,  by  Sir  Alexander  Schom- 
burgh.  Can  you  tell  me  anything  of  the  writer  ? 
Can  you  tell  me  whether  the  ode  has  ever  been 
published  ?  J>.  g,  CAREY. 

[Sir  Alexander  Schomberg,  knt,  was  an  experienced 
and  gallant  officer,  who  displayed  great  bravery  at  the 
relief  of  Quebec,  and  had  a  thorough  knowledge  of  naval 
tactics.  At  the  time  of  his  death,  which  took  place  at 
his  house  in  Ely  Place,  Dublin,  on  the  19th  of  March, 


1804,  he  was  the  eldest  captain  in  the  royal  navy,  his 
commission  being  dated  in  1757.  His  remains  were  in- 
terred in  St.  Peter's  Churchyard,  Dublin.  For  biogra- 
phical notices  of  him  consult  Charnock's  Bwgrapkia 
Naval'u,  vi.  272  ;  and  the  Annual  Register,  xlvi.  477.  We 
cannot  find  liis  "  Ode  to  Captain  Cook  "  in  print.] 

DEBWENTWATER  FAMILY.  —  Can  you  give  me 
any  information  about  the  family  of  Radclyffe 
since  the  execution  of  the  Lord  Derwentwater  ? 
Is  there  any  pedigree  of  the  family  existing,  which 
is  brought  down  to  the  present  time  ?  E.  H. 

[Consult  any  of  the  following  works :  An  History  of 
the  Parish  of  Whalley,  by  Thomas  Dunham  Whitaker, 
LL.D. ;  Ellis's  Family  of  Radclyffe  for  the  House  of  Dil- 
ston,  1850 ;  Howitt's  Visits  to  Remarkable  Places,  Second 
Series ;  and  Dilston  Hall,  and  Bamburgli  Castle  by  W.  S. 
Gibson,  8vo,  1850.  Lord  Petre  is  the  representative  of 
the  last  Earl  of  Derwentwater,  and  a  reference  to  Burke 
or  Dod's  Peerage  will  show  that  there  are  numerous  de- 
scendants of  the  first  Earl.  See  titles  "  Petre,"  "  New- 
burgh,"  &c.  Consult  also  «N.  &  Q,"  2nd  S.  vi.  71;  xii. 
347,  405,  48.1.] 


Stoflflft 

CARDINAL  BETQN  AND  ARCHBISHOP  GAWIN 
DUNBAR. 

(3rd  S.  v.  112.) 

In  the  article  above  referred  to,  giving  several 
extracts  from  the  "  Protocols  of  Cuthbert  Simon" 
(where  are  they  to  be  found  ?),  there  are  grave 
errors. 

"  Jacobus  secundus  Archiepiscopus  Glasguen- 
sis,"  was  not  the  celebrated  Cardinal  David  Beaton, 
but  his  uncle,  and  the  second  Archbishop  of  Glas- 
gow ;  though,  as  J.  M.  refers  to  Keith's  Scotish 
Bishops  (Edin.  1824,  8vo,  p.  255),  his  mistake  is 
rather  unaccountable. 

Glasgow  was  raised  to  the  :-ank  of  a  metropo- 
litan archbishopric  by  bull  of  Pope  Innocent  VIII., 
dated  Jan,  9,  1493,  and  its  first  archbishop  was 
Robert  Blacader,  who  died  July  28,  1508.  His 
successor,  as  second  archbishop,  was  James  Bea- 
ton or  Bethune,  then  Bishop  elect  of  Galloway, 
who  was  "postulated"  to  Glasgow  Nov.  9,  1508, 
and  consecrated  as  archbishop  of  that  see,  April 
15, 1509,  at  Stirling  (Chartulary  of  Glasgow,  ^c.). 
The  date  'M.  quinquagesimo  nono"  must  be  in- 
tended for  "  M.  quingentesimo  nono"  1509.  His 
translation  to  St.  Andrew's  and  the  primacy  of 
Scotland,  is  probably  correctly  given  as  having 
been  on  June  5,  1523,  though  it  has  been  gene- 
rally placed  under  the  year  1522;  for  in  a  docu- 
ment (given  in  the  Chartulary  of  Arlroath)  he 
states,  in  1530,  that  he  was  then  in  the  seventh 
year  of  his  primacy.  Also  (in  the  Chartulary  of 
Dunfermlim]  he  gives  the  year  1534  as  the  twenty- 


3*  S.  V.  MAY  14,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


403 


fifth  of  his  consecration,  and  the  twelfth  of  his 
translation  to  St.  Andrew's. 

Archbishop  James  Beaton  died  in  September, 
1539,  and  was  succeeded  there  by  his  nephew  and 
coadjutor,  Cardinal  David  Beaton,  who  had  been 
consecrated  Bishop  of  Mirepoix  in  France,  Dec. 
5,  1537.  There  was  certainly  a  second  James 
Beaton,  who  was  subsequently  also  Archbishop  of 
Glasgow,  but  he  was  consecrated  at  Rome,  Aug. 
28,  1552,  and  died  at  Paris  April  24,  1603,  aged 
eighty- six,  the  last  survivor  of  the  Catholic  hier- 
archy of  Scotland.  He  was  nephew  to  the  car- 
dinal. 

There  never  was  an  Archbishop  of  Glasgow  of 
the  name  of  "  James  Bruce,  a  son  of  Bruce  of 
Clackmannan."  A  prelate  of  that  name,  who  was 
consecrated  Bishop  of  Dunkeld  on  Feb.  4,  1442, 
at  Dunfermline,  is  said  to  have  been  elected  to 
the  see  of  Glasgow  in  the  year  1447,  but  he  was 
never  formally  translated  to  that  bishopric  (as 
already  shown,  it  had  not  then  been  erected  into 
an  archbishopric),  and  he  died  in  the  course  of 
the  same  year  at  Edinburgh,  the  see  being  still 
vacant  in  Oct.  1447,  since  the  death  of  Bishop 
John  Cameron  on  Dec.  24,  1446. 

"  Gawinus  Archiepiscopus  Glasguensis"  was 
consecrated  to  that  see  on  Feb.  5,  152£,  at  Edin- 
burgh, having  been  nominated  third  archbishop 
on  Sept.  27,  1524,  on  the  translation  of  James 
Beaton  to  St.  Andrew's.  Therefore,  the  year  given 
?n  the  "  notarial  instrument  before  the  Reforma- 
tion," now  under  review,  must  be  erroneous  in 
more  than  one  respect :  for  "  M.  quinquagesimo 
xxxiiij.,"  representing  perhaps  M.  qvingentesimo 
xxiiij.  (or  1524),  would  appear  the  correct  read- 
ing; that  given  by  J,  M.  is  simply  nonsense,  as  it 
actually  is  "  1050  and  34,"  or  A.D.  1084,  a  mani- 
fest absurdity.  The  year  was  152£. 

Gavin,  or  rather  Gawain  D unbar,  was  nephew 
of  the  Bishop  of  Aberdeen  of  the  same  name,  and 
tutor  to  King  James  V.,  as  well  as  a  learned  and 
accomplished  ecclesiastic.  For  though  grossly  mis- 
represented by  Knox,  his  greatest  admirer  could 
not  desire  for  him  a  more  elegant  panegyric  than 
.  that  of  Buchanan.  £Ie  was  Prior  of  the  Premon- 
stratensian  Monastery  of  Whitehorn,  or  "Candida 
Casa"  in  Galloway  (founded  circa  1260),  from 
about  1504  till  his  elevation  to  the  episcopate; 
but  he  certainly  never  was  u  Prior  of  Whitehaven 
in  Galloway,"  as  no  such  religious  house  ever 
existed  in  Scotland,  although  a  town  of  the  latter 
name  is  still  to  be  found  in  Cumberland. 

With  regard  to  the  mention  of  the  coronations 
of  Kings  James  IV.  and  V. ;  the  first  of  these  two 
events  certainly  took  place  in  the  Abbey  of  Scone, 
as  proved  by  the  Lord  High  Treasurer's  books, 
under  date  of  July  14,  1488,  and  has  been  gene- 
rally assigned  to  June  26;  so  that  July  22,  or 
"  St.  Mary  Magdalen's  Day,"  is  not  likely  to  be 
correct. 


The  second  coronation,  or  that  of  the  infant 
King  James  V.,  was  solemnised  as  soon  as  possible 
after  the  disastrous  battle  of  Flodden,  but  the 
dates  of  its  occurrence  unaccountably  vary  in  dif- 
ferent historians  of  the  period,  though  there  seems 
every  reason  to  believe  that  it  was  also  at  Scone, 
and  in  the  month  of  Oct.  1513.  Still,  however, 
the  actual  day  may  have  been  Sept.  22,  and  the 
place  the  castle  of  "  Striviling,"  or  Stirling.  The 
officiating^prelate  was  also  doubtless  James  Beaton, 
Archbishop  of  Glasgow,  as  the  primate  had  fallen, 
together  with  his  royal  father,  at  Flodden,  and 
Beaton  was  the  only  metropolitan  in  the  kingdom. 
Even  in  this  entry,  the  year  is  again  erroneously 
printed  quinquagesimo  instead  of  quingentesimo, 
though  whether  the  error  is  merely  a  clerical  one, 
and  attributable  to  Cuthbert  Simon,  or  to  J.  M., 
it  is  not  for  me  to  say  ;  but  the  recurrence,  no 
less  than  than  three  times,  of  the  same  mistake  of 
quinquagesimo  (or  fiftieth)  for  quingentesimo  (or 
five  hundreth)  is  suspicious,  and  not  creditable  to 
Cuthbert  tSimon's  accuracy,  or  his  commentator's 
acumen. 

I  fear  this  note  has  extended  to  too  great  a 
length,  but  as  correctness  in  historical  dates  of 
events  is  of  much  importance,  I  have  been  obliged 
to  enter  rather  minutely  into  the  subject.  With 
reference  to  J.  M.'s  remarks  on  the  character  of 
Queen  Mary,  and  what  might  have  happened  if 
she  "  had  received  a  virtuous  education  in  Eng- 
and,"  &c.,  &c.,  comment  is  useless ;  and  whether  the 
French  court  was  more  immoral  than  any  other  of 
the  time,  or  Queen  Catherine  de  Medicis  "  a  worse 
woman  than  even  her  namesake  of  Russia,"  are 
topics  which  it  is  unnecessary  to  discuss  in  your 
pages.  But  every  impartial  reader  of  history 
knows  that  the  objections  to  the  alliance  of  the  in- 
fant Queen  of  Scots  with  Prince  Edward  were 
too  deeply  rooted  in  the  heart  of  every  patriotic 
Scot  of  that  day,  as  well  as  in  that  of  Cardinal 
Beaton  —  one  of  the  ablest  statesmen  his  country 
ever  produced- — to  be  overcome,  even  by  the 
"rough  wooing"  of  "Bluff  King  Hall"  when  he 
ravaged  with  fire  and  sword  the  whole  of  the  south 
of  Scotland,  and  destroyed  several  of  its  noblest 
religious  edifices  during  the  mission  of  1544  under 
Hertford-  The  French  alliance  was,  therefore, 
absolutely  necessary  for  the  preservation  of  Scot- 
land's independence  as  a  nation  ;  and^  was  only 
opposed  by  those  venal  Spotish  nobles  who  were 
in  the  pay  of  England.  A.  S.  A. 

India. 


The  mistakes  so  obligingly  pointed  out  by  N.  C. 
(p.  201)  originated  in  the  loss  of  the  proof,  which 
accidentally  fell  aaide,  and  thus  excluded  correc- 
tion. For"  the  reference  to  Mr.  Grub's  work, 
the  writer  has  to  return  his  thanks. 

The  association  of  the  name  of  Catharine  de 
Medici  and  Diana  of  Poictiers  with  that  of  Mary  of 


404 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3«i  S.  V.  MAY  14,  '64. 


Scotland,  was  the  necessary  consequence  of  the 
intimate  connection  which,  during  the  tender 
years  of  the  latter,  existed  between  them.  Letters 
of  the  French  Queen  and  the  royal  mistress  still 
exist  amongst  the  Balcarres  Papers  in  the  library 
of  the  Faculty  of  Advocates,  addressed  to  Mary  of 
Guise,  showing  the  familiar  terms  and  great  inti- 
macy which  subsisted  between  them  and  Mary. 

What  chance  could  a  susceptible  and  originally 
amiable  girl  have  with  two  such  instructors?  One 
of  them  would  teach  her  revenge,  murder,  and  dis- 
simulation ;  and  the  other  — but  better  woman  — 
we  fear,  not  the  practice  of  virtue.  Was  not  the 
court  of  Henry  II.  the  hot-bed  of  almost  every  vice 
under  the  sun  ?  Yet  there  the  poor  girl  was  sent 
by  an  ambitious  mother  and  unscrupulous  church- 
man, to  be  brought  up.  The  seeds  then  sown 
would  never  be  entirely  eradicated. 

Lax  as  notions  assuredly  were  in  1560,  we 
cannot  but  feel  surprise  that  a  mother  and  a  high 
churchman  could  have  selected  such  a  place  for 
the  education  of  the  young  Queen  of  Scotland ; 
but  the  Primate  of  Scotland  did  not  himself 
scruple  to  indulge  in  those  vices  which  were 
deemed  venial  by  ecclesiastics;  and  the  regent 
was  too  anxious  to  further  the  ambitious  views  of 
her  own  relatives  to  regard  the  welfare  of  her  child. 

Had  the  custody  and  education  of  Mary  been 
transferred  to  England,  her  fate  would  have  been 
otherwise  than  it  was.  Even  had  she  remained  in 
her  own  barbarous  realms,  she  would  have  been 
preserved  from  the  pestilential  advice  and  prac- 
tices of  one  of  the  most  infamous  women  that  ever 
disgraced  the  pages  of  history.  J.  M. 


"ROBIN  AD  AIR." 
(3rd  S.  iv.  130.) 

I  have  some  old  notes  upon  this  song,  made  by 
the  son  of  one  "  who  knew  well "  Robin  Adair, 
to  whom  it  was  addressed;  and  who  was  also 
himself  an  intimate  acquaintance  of  Robin's  second 
son,  Foster  Adair,  Esq.,  his  successor,  in  posses- 
sion of  his  residence  of  Hollybrook,  co.  Wicklow. 
According  to  these  notes,  the  words  of  this  song, 
as  also  of  another  called  the  "  Kilruddery  Hunt"— 
a  familiarly  told  and  spirited  account  of  a  fox 
?ni°foheTyear  ^44— "were  the  production 
Mr.^bt.  Leger,  a  gentleman  of  fortune  and 
family,  whose  residence,  called  Puckstown,  in 
the  county  of  Dublin,  was  but  a  few  miles  dis- 
tant from  both  Hcllybrook,  and,  nearly  adjoining 
thereto,  Kilruddery  -  the  seat  of  the  Earls  of 
Meath,  whence  the  name  of  the  "Kilruddery 
Hunt.  „ 

Robert  Adair,  Esq.,  whose  memory  is  handed 
down  under  the  name  of  "  Robin  Adair,"  was  a 
descendant  of  Archibald  Adair,  Bishop  of  Lis- 


more  and  Waterford;  who  sprung  from  an  old 
family,  long  previously  resident  in  Scotland.* 

Robin's  elder  son,  "Johnny  Adair,"  of  Kil- 
ternan.  appears  among  those  named  as  present 
at  the  run  in  the  "Kilruddery  Hunt "  song.  Robin 
is  described  in  my  notes  as  "a  plain,  manly, 
jolly  fellow — the  delight  of  the  numerous  and 
respectable  friends  with  whom  he  associated,  on 
account  of  his  extraordinary  convivial  qualities  — 
of  generous  hospitality,  friendship,  and  good 
humour :"  and  the  song  is  noticed  as  showing 
the'  "  warmth  of  that  friendship  which  subsisted 
between  that  gentleman  and  his  friends,"  among 
the  number  of  whom  was  the  composer  of  the 
words  of  the  song;  which,  adds  the  notes, 
"have  been  most  whimsically  adapted  to  the 
sweet  plaintive  old  Irish  air  of  *  Aileen  aroon.'  " 
The  familiarly  expressed  words  of  this  drinking 
song  were  possibly  intended,  originally,  for  the 
inner  circle  alone  of  intimate  friendship. 

Robin's  almost  unparalleled  powers  of  endurance 
at  the  festive  board  enabled  him,  in  a  manner 
which  has  become  the  subject  of  family  tradition, 
and  recorded  anecdote,  to  join,  or  rather  lead, 
with  seeming  impunity  in  the  observance  of  those 
old-fashioned  habits  of  hospitality  of  his  day,  which 
allowed  such  unlimited  sway  to  the  Bacchanalian 
god.  Two  gigantic  claret-glasses  of  his,  of  quart- 
capacity,  are  to  this  day  preserved  in  the  family 
of  the  descendant  of  one  of  Robin's  daughters,  and 
present  owner  of  the  picturesque  demesne  of 
Hollybrook,  Sir  George  F.  J.  Hodson,  Bart.,  who, 
and  Lord  Molesworth,  descended  from  another 
daughter,  are  the  present  representatives  of  Robin. 
An  old  wire-strung  Irish  harp  of  Robin's,  also 
preserved  in  Sir  George's  family,  would  tend  to 
prove  that  the  old  fashions  alluded  to  did  not 
prevent  Robin  cultivating  a  taste  for  more  refined 
pursuits.  Robin  flourished  in  the  earlier  portion 
of  the  eighteenth  century.  E.  K.  J. 


OLD  BINDINGS. 
(2n«  S.  xii.  432.) 

JAMES  REID  relates  an  interesting  discovery  in 
the  binding  of  a  worm-eaten  copy  of  Calvin's 
Sermons  on  the  Galatians ;  and  urges  other  readers 
of  "  N.  &  Q."  to  look  to  the  outside  as  well  as  the 
inside  of  their  old  books.  About  two  years  since 
I  purchased  at  Puttick  and  Simpson's  a  thick 
quarto  volume  of  old  plays.  It  was  much  worm- 
eaten  ;  but  I  bought  it  for  one  play  I  wanted.  On 
breaking  up  the  volume  I  found  the  sides  to  con- 
sist entirely  of  leaves  of  old  black-letter  books, 
pasted  together.  On  account  of  their  wormed 
condition,  it  required  much  care  to  dissect  them. 

*  Landed  Gentry,  edit.  1846;  name,  "Adair  of  Belle- 
grove,  Queen's  County. 


3rd  S.  V.  MAY  14,  '64.  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


405 


The  following  is  the  result :  1.  Sixteen  folio  leaves 
of  a  work  on  the  Discipline  of  the  Catholic  Church, 
rubricated.  2.  Four  folio  leaves  of  .Lectures  or 
early  Homilies  of  the  Church,  by  Bede,  Gregory, 
Fulgentius,  &c.  These  are  also  rubricated,  and 
contain  four  woodcut  initials,  each  about  two 
inches  high  by  an  inch  and  a  half  wide.  The  first 
of  such  woodcuts  is  the  appearing  of  Angels  to 
the  Shepherds  at  the  Nativity.  The  second  is  a 
bishop  and  council  in  conclave.  The  third  seems 
to  be  the  preaching  of  St.  John  the  Baptist  in  the 
Wilderness;  Jerusalem  is  in  the  distance,  and 
many  of  the  auditors  are  shaven  monks.  The 
fourth  is  a  monk  carrying  a  large  clasped  book 
on  his  left  arm.  3.  Sixteen  leaves  and  fragments 
of  a  small  quarto,  JBtmtortum  aut  pattttf  ratf- 
ttflatortu  cficufctarto^'  tfalufcernmu,  &c.  &c.  On 
the  title-page  (the  beginning  of  which  is  as  above), 
is  a  woodcut  3£  inches  high  by  2£  inches  wide, 
representing  the  art  of  printing.  On  the  right 
hand  is  the  compositor  seated  at  work,  with  his 
"stick  "in  his  hand,  and  his  "copy"  suspended 
before  him.  On  a  shelf  over  his  head  lie  three 
clasped  books,  a  folio  and  two  quartos.  In  the 
centre  of  the  picture  is  the  press,  on  the  cross- 
beam of  which  are  the  words  |3retu  €ta'rr£ians'i. 
On  the  left  is  the  pressman,  "  pin "  in  hand, 
screwing  down ;  and  behind  him  an  assistant 
with  an  inking  "  pad  "  in  each  hand.  This  last 
work  has  several  woodcut  initials,  and  the  only 
date  I  can  find  in  the  whole,  1513. 

I  should  be  glad  of  the  assistance  of  any  one 
more  learned  in  early  typography  than  myself,  in 
making  out  these  fragments.  W.  LEE. 


LEWIS  MORRIS. 
(3rd  S.  v.  325.) 

I  have  within  the  last  week  had  an  opportunity 
afforded  me  of  looking  through  a  letter- book  of 
Lewis  Morris's,  and  some  other  papers  belonging 
to  him,  which  are  now  in  the  possession  of  a  dis- 
tinguished Welsh  scholar ;  and  as  they  would  seem 
to  explain  the  charges  made  by  LJELIUS,  I  shall 
feel  greatly  obliged  if  you  will  insert  this  notice  of 
them. 

The  letters,  which  are  autograph,  are  addressed 
by  L.  Morris  to  "  The  Honourable  Thomas  Walker, 
his  Majesty's  Surveyor  of  Mines,  and  Mr.  Sharpe 
of  the  Treasury."  They  are  all  written  between 
the  years  1744-47,  and  all  refer  to  the  mainten- 
ance of  the  crown  rights  in  the  Welsh  silver  and 
lead  mines  in  Cardiganshire,  and  in  particular 
i  the  manor  of  Perveth,  on  which  encroachments 
had  long  been  made  by  the  companies  of  mining 
adventurers,  and  by  the  great  county  families.  He 
Complains  of  the  difficulty  of  doing  his  duty  to 

J  crown,  of  the  strong  opposition  which  he  had 
o  meet  with ;  of  threats  to  prosecute  him   for 


trespass. ;  of  its  being  impossible  to  execute  a  sur- 
vey ;  of  the  difficulty  of  obtaining  information,  the 
mouths  of  the  poor  people  being  closed  by  me- 
naces ;  of  an  attempt,  by  one  of  the  families  dis- 
puting the  crown  rights,  to  eject  him  forcibly  from 
a  house  which  he  had  taken  near  the  centre  of  the 
mining  district;  of  his  being  appointed  to  com- 
pulsory offices  in  the  county,  so  as  to  prevent  him 
from  doing  his  duty  under  the  warrant  from  the 
crown.  He  is  constantly  reminding  the  crown 
officers,  and  Mr.  Sharp  in  particular,  of  the  abso- 
lute impossibility  of  his  carrying  on  the  battle 
unless  properly  supported  with  funds,  and  unless 
indemnified  against  the  actions  which  he  foresees 
would  be  brought  against  him,  and,  considering 
the  power  of  the  local  magistrates  at,  that  time, 
with  every  prospect  of  success.  He  seeks  to  con- 
vince the  crown  of  the  necessity  of  taking  certain 
steps — such  as  the  appointment  of  a  crown  solici- 
tor from  another  and  a  distant  county,  and  the 
displacement  of  the  steward  of  the  manor ;  and 
not  unfrequently  assumes  \  an  indignant  strain 
towards  his  correspondent,  Mr.  Sharpe,  for  his 
slackness  in  carrying  out  his  suggestions  —  "  For 
God's  sake  let  me  hear  from  you  on  this  matter  ! 
Tis  impossible  for  me  to  fight  the  king's  battles 
single-hamded."  A  zealous  officer, — evidently  not 
likely  to  conciliate  opposition,  or  to  make  things 
pleasant. 

What  all  this  came  to,  and  how  this  zeal  was 
rewarded,  appears  from  copies  of  certain  deposi- 
tions sworn  in  a  cause  of  Williams  against , 

respecting  the  rich  mine  of  Esgair  Mwyn  in  the 
year  1754,  and  bound  up  with  the  letters  above 
quoted.  Williams  would  appear  to  have  been  a 
common  person,  induced  by  certain  of  the  great 
landowners  to  assert  a  title  to  the  mine,  he  having 
nothing  to  lose,  and  having  sold  his  interest  to 
them.  Evan  Williams  (not  the  plaintiff")  says  that 
he  was  a  partner  with  others  in  working  the  mine 
under  Mr.  Lewis  Morris,  who,  as  he  understood, 
let  it  under  the  crown.  That  at  that  time  there 
were  reports  of  mobs  being  raised  by  one  George 
Jones,  Mr.  Powell,  and  others,  to  take  possession 
of  the  mine.  That  the  defendant  saw  the  said 
George  Jones,  John  Ball,  and  others,  to  the  num- 
ber of  some  hundreds,  on  Feb.  23,  1753,  come 
with  arms  to  the  said  mine,  and  saw  them  take 
away  the  said  Lewis  Morris  by  force  to  prison  ; 
and  heard  the  plaintiff'  curse  the  said  John  Ball 
and  Mr.  Powell  for  the  mischief  they  had  done,  and 
hope  to  God  that  wicked  people  would  not  gain 
their  ends  against  him,  but  that  he  would  be  again 
in  possession  of  the  said  mine. 

I  have  recently  been  told  that  this  was  an 
astonishing  instance  of  violence,  both  the  assailants 
and  defenders  of  the  work  having  brought  up 
jannon  to  their  assistance,  and  life  having  been 
ost  on  both  sides. 

There  is  only  one  other  letter  in  the  book,  and 


406 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


V.  MAY  14,  '64. 


that  is  by  Lewis  Morris  to  a  correspondent,  whom 
he  addresses  as  "  My  Lord."  It  is  dated  Penbryn 
House,  July,  1763,  soine  ten  years  later  than  the 
above.  He  says  :  — 

"T  am  very  glad  that  my  poor  endeavours  pleased  you ; 
but,  to  understand  me  the  better,  it  may  not  be  amiss  to 
let  you  know  my  situation.  I  am  neither  in  want  nor 
great  riches,  but  "enjoy  contentment  of  mind.  I  have  no 
connection  with  any  people  in  power,  and  am  not  solicit- 
ous of  obtaining  any  favour,  except  it  were  a  sinecure, 
my  hands  and  feet  being  scarcely  fit  for  any  business  of 
activity  at  present.  I  find  myself  by  the  decay  in  my 
materials  to  be  drawing  towards  a  dissolution.  I  have 
hit  on  ungrateful  masters  in  the  Treasury,  and  I  look  on 
all  the  pains  I  have  taken  to  come  at  knowledge  as 
thrown  away  by  a  mistaken  application.  All  that  I  have 
at  present  any  care  for  are  a  wife  and  seven  small  children, 
the  welfare  of  whom  it  is  my  duty  to  study.  My  other 
children  and  grandchildren  are  provided  for  pretty  well." 

He  then  goes  on  to  give  his  correspondent  ad- 
vice about  his  mines  in  Cardiganshire,  and  en- 
larges on  the  difficulty  of  setting  a  mine  into 
profitable  working  :  — 

"This  I  did  for  the  crown  at  Esgair  Mwyn  with- 
out any  assistance,  but  having  against  me  a  tribe  of 
villains,  and  the  world  sees  how  they  rewarded  me.  Even 
my  letters  to  Mr.  Sharpe  in  the  course  of  the  lawsuit 
were  handed  about,  and  shown  to  Mr.  Powell  to  exas- 
perate him  against  me.  Those  that  had  been  friends  to 
the  crown  were  no  more  friends  unless  they  joined  with 
Mr.  Sharpe  in  endeavouring  to  ruin  me." 

He  then  goes  on  to  warn  his  correspondent 
against  having  anything  to  do  with  a  mining  agent 
of  the  name  of  Ball,  and  encloses  papers  to  prove 
his  case  :  — 

"  Paper  A.  was  exhibited  against  J.  Ball  in  the  year 
1753,  about  the  time  the  trial  was  between  the  Crown 
and  Mr.  Powell  about  Esgair  Mwyn,  soon  after  my  im- 
prisonment by  Mr.  Powell's  rebels  at  Cardigan." 

These  papers  show  that  Lewis  Morris  was  not, 
as  L^ELIUS  suggests,  "  ruined."  They  show  what 
the  nature  of  his  "  imprisonment",  was;  not,  as 
some  of  jour  readers  may  have  thought,  impri- 
sonment on  a  criminal  charge,  but  a  lawless  act 
of  violence  not  unusual  a  century  ago  in  Wales, 
to  which  he  does  not  scruple  to  allude  in  a  letter. 
Whatever  his  grievance  against  the  Treasury,  or 
whatever  the  cause  of  quarrel,  they  show  that 
L^ELIUS'S  " embezzlement"  is  a  pure  product  of 
imagination. 

If  these  extracts  convince  your  readers,  as  I 
think  they  must,  that  LJELIUS  has  made  a  foolish 
attack  upon  a  great  reputation,  I  shall  be  satisfied. 
I  suppose  it  is  vain  to  suggest  caution  to  a  gentle- 
man, who.  as  he  says,  "  for  thirty-three  years  has 
written  for  the  magazines."  But  it  is  a  matter  of 
duty  nevertheless.  CAMBRIAN. 


"  FAMILY  BURYING  GROUND  "  (3rd  S.  v.  377.)— 
ABHBA  will  find  the  passage  of  which  he  is  in 
search  in  Piior's  Life  of  Burke  (2nd  edit.  1826, 
vol.  i.  p.  40).  Burke  visited  Westminster  Abbey 


soon  after  his  arrival  in  London,  about  1750. 
"  The  moment  I  entered,"  he  says,  "  I  felt  a  kind 
of  awe  "  which  was  indescribable.  Mrs.  Nightin- 
gale's monument  he  first  notices,  and  considered 
that  it  "  had  not  been  praised  beyond  its  merit  ;'* 
but  he  objected  to  the  dart,  and  suggested  as  ft 
substitute,  what  would  most  certainly  not  have 
been  an  improvement,  viz.  *'  an  extinguished  torch 
inverted  "  ! 

The  passage  quoted  by  ABHBA  is  thus  intro- 
duced :  — 

"  I  have  not  the  least  doubt  that  the  finest  poem  in  the 
English  language,  Milton's  II  Penseroso,  was  composed 
in  the  long-resounding  aisle  of  a  mouldering  cloister,  or 
ivy'd  abbey.  Yet,  after  all,  do  you  know  that  I  would 
rather  sleep  in  the  southern  corner  of  a  little  country 
churchyard,  than  in  the  Tomb  of  the  Capulets.  I  should 
like,  however,  that  my  dust  should  mingle  with  kindred 
dust.  The  good  old  expression, '  family  burying  groutid,' 
has  something  pleasing  in  it,  at  least  to  me." 

I  gladly  inserted  this  passage  in  a  work  of  my 
own  On  the  Reverence  due  to  Holy  Places,  1846, 
both  from  its  beauty,  and  feeling  satisfied  that  the 
general  introduction  of  cemeteries,  needful  as  they 
unquestionably  are,  must  rapidly  diminish  the  num- 
ber of  "  family  burying  places"  in  our  churchyards. 

J.  H.  MARKLAND. 

SHEEN  PRIORY  (3rd  S.  v.^  379.)^— Your  cor^ 
respondent,  W.  C.,  is  correct  in  his  information  of 
some  spirited  drawings  in  the  Bodleian  of  Shene 
Monastery,  by  Wyngarde^  taken  from  the  seat  of 
Lord  Bacon,  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  Thames, 
in  the  parish  of  Twickenham.  They  were  dis- 
covered at  Antwerp,  and  their  date  is  about  the 
end  of  Mary,  or  beginning  of  Elizabeth.  Con- 
nected with  these  drawings,  but  I  cannot  say  how, 
is  the  name  of  Mr.  Whittock,  an  engraver,  of  34, 
Richard  Street,  Liverpool  Road,  Islington,  N.* 
AN  OCCASIONAL  CORRESPONDENT. 

FARDEL  OF  LAND  (3rd  S.  v.  358.)  —  Fardel  is 
used  in  Scotland  for  "  a  fburth."  Thus,  the 
favourite  Scotch  cake  called  "  short  bread "  is  a 
large,  circular,  flat  cake  cut  into  four  pieces,  each 
of  which  is  called  a  fardel  A.  fardel  of  land  may 
be  the  fourth  part  of  a  hide,  plough,  acre,  or  some 
local  measure.  W.  E. 

ENGLISH  TOPOGRAPHY  IN  DUTCH  (3rd  S.  v.  55.) 
As  the  book  is  said  to  be  "written  in  High  Dutch, 
and  printed  at  Nuremberg,"  I  presume  it  is  in 
German.  I  do  not  know  it,  but  have  a  Dutch 
work  which  is  probably  translated  or  abridged 
from  it :  — 

"  Historische  Landbeschryvinge  van  Groot  Brittanjen 
ofte  Engelandt,  Schotlant,"  en  Yrlamlt,  mitsgaders  de 
rontzonlgelegen  Erlanden.  Nu  eerst  door  een  Liefhebhef 
in't  Licht  gebracht.  Middelburg,  1G66.  12mo,  pp.  592." 

[*  The  large  folded  view  of  London,  by  Wynjjtirde,  has 
been  engraved,  by  permission  of  the  trustees  of  the  Bod- 
leiau  Library,  by*N.  Whittock,  and  was  published  a  few 
years  since  by  Messrs.  Whittock  and  Hyde,  of  Islington. 
Vide  "  N.  &  Q."  2nd  S.  viii.  331.— ED.] 


3*dS.V.  MAY  14, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


407 


The  matter  of  the  work,  so  far  as  I  have  ex- 
amined it,  is  taken  from  Camden,  but  instead  of 
maps  of  the  counties,  bird's-eye  views  of  the  towns 
are  given.  That  of  Stafford  has  ten  hills,  a  wall 
going  round  about  two-thirds  of  the  town,  a  for- 
tified gate  towards  Eccleshall,  and  what  is  pro- 
bably a  drawbridge  towards  Lichfield.  As  to  the 
fortifications, 

"  De  Stadt  is  van  Eduard  den  ouden  getimmert,  en  van 
de  coningh  Jan  ingenomen.  Naet  Oosten  en  zuyden  is  sy 
van  haer  Baronnen  met  een  muer  omtrocken.  Aan  de 
andere  zijden  wordt  sy  door  staende  poelen  beschermt. 
Den  Omringh  der  Wallen  240  Schreden  zijnde."  (P.  194.) 

The  description  of  Rutland  is  very  snort,  and 
there  is  no  plan  or  map  to  it.  An  outline  of 
British  history  to  the  Restoration  is  prefixed.  I 
shall  be  happy  to  lend  the  book  to  T.  P.  E.  if, 
after  this  notice,  he  wishes  to  see  it.  H.  B.  C. 

U.  U.  Club. 

"  IN  THE  MIDST  OF  LIFE  WE  ABB  IN  DEATH," 
ETC,  (3rd  S.  v.  177.)  —  Some  years  ago  I  made 
considerable  researches  regarding  the  origin  of  the 
sentence  "  In  the  midst  of  life  we  are  in  death," 
having  been  told  it  was  to  be  found  in  the  Bible. 
The  best  answer  I  could  then  meet  with  was,  that 
it  was  a  free  translation  of  1  Sam.  xx.  3,  "  There 
is  but  a  step  between  me  and  death."  Notwith- 
standing the  able  remarks  in  "  N.  &  Q."  tracing 
it  to  a  German  origin,  I  am  still  loath,  with  Robert 
Hall,  to  give  up  the  idea  that  it  is  to  be  found  in 
Scripture.  It  occurs  to  me,  therefore,  that  any 
one  having  access  to  a  good  collection  of  early 
English  or  Latin  translations  of  the  Bible,  may, 
perhaps,  find  the  above  verse  so  rendered. 

FENTONIA. 

THE  ROBIN  (3rd  S.  v.  347.) --The  charge  of 
parricide  against  robin-redbreast  is  not  altogether 
without  foundation ;  though,  when  explained,  all 
guilt  is  taken  away  from  the  unfortunate  bird. 
If  he  killed  his  father,  it  was  under  the  same  cir- 
cumstances as  the  Greek  tragedians  represent  the 
death  of  Laius  by  his  son  (Edipus — entirely  an 
accident,  without  any  malice  aforethought.  In- 
deed, the  pugnacity  of  the  robin  is  rather  from 
noble  feeling,  and  is  mentioned,  to  his  credit,  by 
Bewick  in  his  accurate  history  of  British  Birds: — 

*  During  the  time  of  incubation,  the  male  sits  at  no 
great  distance,  and  makes  the  woods  resound  with  his 
delightful  warble ;  he  keenly  chases  all  the  birds  of  his 
own  species,  and  drives  them  from  his  little  settlement : 
for  It  has  never  been  known  that  two  pairs  of  these  birds, 
who  are  as  faithful  as  they  are  amorous,  were  lodged  at 
the  same  time  in  the  same  bush." 

The  pugnacity  of  the  robin,  then,  is  simply  that 
of  the  Red  Cross  Knights,  when  they  returned 
from  the  Holy  Wars.  They  were  ever  ready  to 
break  a  lance  in  guarding  the  marriage  bed,  and 
for  the  defence  of  their  lady-love.  In  this  honour- 
able employment  —  this  faithful  duty  — it  is  pro- 
bable that  parricide  occasionally  happens  unwit- 


tingly; for  the  fight,  as  I  know  from  having 
watched  them,  usually  takes  place  between  a 
young  and  an  old  bird,  to  the  death  of  the  latter. 
Hence  the  common  observation  in  rural  districts  : 
J*  You  never  see  a  robin  two  years'  old."  But  this 
is  from  the  uxorious  accident,  not  from  any  san- 
guinary animus.  The  disposition  of  the  robin  is 
peculiarly  mild  and  benevolent.  It  was  he  that 
covered  with  a  leafy  tomb  the  babes  in  the  wood, 
exposed  to  starvation  by  their  cruel  uncle.  And, 
"  Who  killed  cock-robin  ?"— not  his  Son,  but  that 
impudent  highwayman  the  sparrow  ;  while  the 
other  birds  all  volunteered  to  take  each  a  part  itt 
the  funeral  service  over  their  favourite,  slain  by  A 
poacher's  arrow  —  "  Occidit ;  exsequias  ite  fre- 
quenter aves."  Further :  "  Odimus  accipitrem, 
quia  semper  vivit  in  armis."  The  daring  hawk, 
with  eagle  eyes,  will  dash  through  the  casement 
upon  the  pet  dove  hanging  in  a  cage  within  a  lady's 
boudoir;  for  war  and  plunder  are  his  daily  "  occu- 
pation." The  timid  robin,  on  the  contrary,  with 
a  languishing,  beseeching  eye,  hops  into  the  room, 
and  gently  pecks  the  crumbs  from  the  breakfast 
table.  Robin-redbreast  is  the  most  sacred  of  our 
household  birds.  For  pity's  sake,  don't  implicate 
"  ~N.  &  Q."  in  spreading  slanderous  stories,  in 
these  awful  days  of  murder,  against  the  innocent 
robin,  of  killing  his  own  father. 

QUEEN'S  GARDENS. 

FOREIGN  HONOURS  (3rd  S.  v.  296.)  —  Samuel 
Egerton  Brydges,  born  at  Wootton  in  1762 
(younger  brother  of  Edward  Tymewell  Brydges, 
whose  claim  to  the  barony  of  Chandos  was  re- 
jected in  1803),  was  made  knight  of  the  Order  of 
St.  Jofldhim,  in  1808*  and  was  afterwards  kriowh 
as  Sif  Egerton  Brydges,  K.  J.  MELETES. 

BURLESQUE  PAINTERS  (3rd  S.  v.  345.)  —  lean 
give  no  information  where  the  two  pictures  are1* 
which  are  inquired  for  by  J.  R.  But  with 
reference  to  the  first  by  Coypel,  I  suspect  that  by 
"  Sanatol"  is  nleant  Sanadon—B,  celebrated  Jesuit 
and  poet,  who  published  a  collection  of  Latin  poems 
and  a  French  translation  of  Horace.  The  second 
query,  about  holding  the  candle  to  St.  Dominic, 
will  be  answered  by  the  following  account,  which 
I  translate  from  a  scarce,  early,  and  curious  work 
in  old  German,  Der  Heyligen  Leben,  printed  at 
Augspurg  in  1477  :  — 

"  One  night  St.  Dominic  was  writing  by  candle-light 
what  he  Was  to  preach  to  the  people.  T'heti  came  the 
evil  spirit  to  him  in  the  shape  of  an  ape,  and  kept  jump- 
ing before  him  and  all  about  him,  and  tried  all  he  could 
to  disturb  him.  Now  Saint  Dominic  well  knew  in  hla 
mind  that  he  was  the  evil  spirit,  and  that  he  wanted  to 
disturb  him ;  and  he  spoke  thus  to  the  fiend :  '  I  com- 
mand thee  in  the  name  of  God  to  hold  the  candle  till  I 
have  finished  writing.'  The  evil  spirit  was  obliged  to 
obey  himj  and  hold  the  candle  for  him.  And  when  the 
light  was  nearly  burnt  out,  he  found  it  very  hot.  Then 
the  fiend  said :  '  Let  me  go,  the  light  burns  me  much 
worse  than  hell  fire.'  'No,'  answered  Saint  Dominic, 


408 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[>d  g.  y.  MAY  14,  '64. 


'You  must  keep  holding  it,  till  I  have  done  writing.' 
And  when  he  had  finished,  the  candle  went  out :  and  then 
the  evil  spirit  departed  in  a  great  rage." 

It  may  amuse  the  German  student  to  see  a 
specimen  of  the  original.  Here  is  the  concluding 
sentence :  — 

"  Und  do  er  aussgesthreib  do  was  des  liechcz  nymer.  do 
fur  der  bSss  geyst  bin  mit  grosse  zoren." 

F.  C.  H. 

EGBERT  ROBINSON  OF  CAMBRIDGE  (3rd  S.  iv. 
481,  529).— See  The  Universal  Theological  Maga- 
zine, edited  by  W.  Vidler  (vol.  vi.  1802),  for  an 
interesting  account  of  Robinson.  The  volume 
also  contains  one  of  his  letters.  JUXTA  TURRIM. 

"  REVENONS  A  NOS  MOUTONS  "  (3rd  S.  v.  346.)  — 
The  phrase  "  Revenons  a  vos  moutons  "  occurs  in 
the  comedy  ofL'Avocat  Patelin  (Act  in.  Scene  2), 
by  De  Brueys,  first  performed  June  4,  1706,  the 
subject  of  which  was  taken,  he  says,  from  Les 
Tromperies,  Finesse,  et  Sultilites  de  Maitre  Pierre 
Patelin,  avocat  a  Paris.  Printed  at  Rouen  by 
Jacques  Cailloue  in  1656,  from  a  copy  of  the  year 
1560.  In  the  Gargantua  of  Rabelais  (i.  1),  the 
phrase  is,  "  Retournant  a  noz  moutons,"  which,  in 
a  note  by  Jacob,  is  said  to  be  a  proverb  in  allu- 
sion to  the  fable  of  Patelin.  This  proverb  and 
Patelin  are  therefore  of  some  antiquity,  Rabelais 
being  born  in  1483,  and  dying  in  1553.  Pasquier, 
who  was  fourteen  years  of  age  at  the  death  of 
Rabelais,  in  his  Recherches  surla  France  (book  vii. 
chap.  55*),  says,  "  Revenez  a  vos  moutons,"  and 
other  proverbs,  had  been  taken  from  the  fountain 
of  Patelin,  which  he  conjectures  was  played  on  the 
scaffold.  See  the  Preface  to  De  Bruey's  IS  Avocat 
Patelin,  in  Petitot's  Rep.  du  Theatre  Frangois, 
xvi.  371.  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

SEPIA  (3rd  S.  v.  322.)— The  statement  that  the 
sepia  sheds  its  ink  when  alarmed,  is  not  incon- 
sistent with  its  retaining  a  considerable  quantity 
after  such  discharge.  The  chief  object  of  this 
natural  provision  is  to  obscure  the  water,  and  thus 
facilitate  the  escape  of  the  sepia  from  its  pursuers, 
which  might  not  be  effected  if  one  discharge  ex- 
hausted the  supply.  Aristotle  (Hist.  An.,  iv.  2) 
says  the  discharge  is  irrav  ^o^ef)  "when  it  is 
afraid,"  and  (Hist.  An.,  ix.'  37),  /cpmj/eo>s  x<W>  "  for 
the  sake  of  hiding  itself;"  and  (Part.  An.,  iv.  5) 
irXfiu  yap  ex«'  S'«  rb  xpW9<u  fJ.a\\ov,  "  has  it  CO- 
piously,  being  in  constant  use."  Professor  Owen 
(Lect.xxiv.  "Cephalopodia,"  p.  355)  says  the  ink- 
bag  "  is  a  very  active  organ,  and  its  inky  secretion 
can  be  reproduced  with  great  activity."  It  is 
situate  between  the  liver  and  the  muscles  which 
surround  the  arms,  close  to  which  the  duct  enters 
the  intestine.  In  the  Zoological  Transactions 
(i.  86)  will  be  found  a  drawing  Of  the  ink-bag  of 
the  sepiola,  which  does  not  differ  much  from  that 
of  the  loligo.  I  have  seen  a  sepia  after  death,  and 
after  the  first  alarm  at  being  caught,  which  was 


smeared  over  with  ink,  of  which  a  large  quan- 
tity covered  the  dish.  It  is  curious  to  note,  that 
whilst  some  of  the  cephalopods  obscure  their  track, 
others  enlighten  it  by  "  emitting  a  luminous  secre- 
tion "  (Owen,  Lect.  xxiv.  p.  355).  Professor  Owen 
conjectures  that  the  ink-bag  is  a  compensation  for 
the  protecting  shell  (Lect.  xxiii.  p.  335).  The 
stones  called  thunderstones,  or  arrowheads,  and 
known  in  geology  as  belemnites,  are  now  recog- 
nised as  fossil  sepia,  some  of  which  are  found  to 
contain  ink.  See  Penny  Cyclopaedia,  iv.  172,  202  ; 
vi.  425  ;  xxi.  250.  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

ETYMOLOGY  OF  THE  NAME  MOSES  (3rd  S.  v.  344.) 
This  etymology  is  given  in  an  article  by  Ch. 
Scholtz  in  the  Repertorium  of  Eichhorn  (part  xiii. 
p.  10)  entitled  "Expositio  vocabulorumCopticorum 
in  Scriptoribus  Hebraicis  ac  Grascis  obviorum " 
(pp.  1 — 31),  where  such  words  as  Behemoth, 
Ibis,  Canopus,  Labyrinth,  Memphis,  Ammon,  On, 
Syene,  Hyksos,  Ob,  Papyrus,  Pyramis,  Phthas, 
nan  =  ark,  "IK1*  =  river,  &c.,  are  explained  from 
Egyptian  roots.  T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

D'ABRICHCOURT  (3rd  S.  v.  320.)  —  H.  C.  will 
find  some  few  particulars  respecting  this  family 
in  the  new  edition  of  Hutchins's  History  of  Dorset, 
now  publishing  by  Messrs.  Shiprj  of  Blandford. 
The  reader  must  search  for  the  information  sub 
"  Bridport"  division  of  the  work  ;  for  there  is,  as 
yet,  no  Index,  and  the  book  is  only  appearing  at 
intervals  in  sections. 

In  Bridport  church,  some  ten  years  ago,  there 
were  the  remains  of  an  ancient  altar  tomb  to  a 
member  of  this  family.  It  once  rested  altar-wise 
against  the  wall  of  the  north  aisle  of  the  chancel ; 
but  when  I  saw  it,  about  1 854,  it  had  been  let 
into  the  pavement,  and  was  buried  beneath  the 
staircase  of  a  gallery  for  the  school  children, 
erected  in  the  chancel.  The  church  has  been 
recently  restored,  the  chancel  rebuilt,  and  the 
tomb  destroyed ;  at  least,  I  could  not  find  it  on  a 
recent  visit.  The  inscription  is  preserved  in 
Hutchins;  who  also,  I  think,  records  that  a 
shield  of  arms  of  this  family  is,  or  was,  emblazoned 
in  stained-glass  on  one  of  the  chancel  windows. 

JUXTA  TURRIM. 

HYMN  QUERIES  (3rd  S.  v.  345.)  —  The  hymn, 
the  translation  of  which  begins  thus  — 
"  My  God  I  love  Thee,  not  because 
I  hope  for  heaven  thereby," — 

is  the  celebrated  hymn  composed  by  St.  Francis 
Xavier  :  "  O  Deus,  ego  amo  te,"  etc. 

It  is  true  that,  in  the  list  which  I  sent  lately  to 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  several  Latin  hymns  were  omitted. 
I  gave  those  only  of  which  the  authors  were 
known,  or  which  were  at  least  attributed  to  some 
one  or  more  authors.  There  are  two  hymns  be- 
ginning with  "  Jesu  Redemptor  omnium,"  but  they 
have  nothing  in  common  but  the  first  line.  ^  I 
cannot  tell  which  is  the  subject  of  M.  J.  YV.'s 


3'*  S.  V.  MAY  14,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


409 


enquiry,  but  I  presume  it  is  the  one  most  known, 
that  for  the  Vespers  of  Christmas  Day :  — 

"  Jesu  Redemptor  omnium, 
Quern  lucis  ante  originem,"  etc. 

The  author  of  this  hymn  is  not  known ;  but  there 
was  an  old  hymn,  in  the  Breviary  of  St.  Pius  V., 
which  began — "  Christe  Redemptor  omnium" — and 
was  composed  by  St.  Ambrose. 

As  to  the  lively  and  ingenious  hymn — "  O  filii 
et  filiae"  — it  never  had  a  place  in  the  Roman 
Breviary,  or  Missal.  Its  use  was  confined  to 
France  ;  and  it  is  probably  the  composition  of 
some  French  author,  and  of  no  great  antiquity. 

A  perfect  collection  of  Faber's  hymns  was 
published  two  years  ago  by  Richardson  &  Son, 
Derby,  and  26,  Paternoster  Row,  London,  in  one 
handsome  volume,  price  six  shillings.  F.  C.  H. 

ILLEGITIMATE  CHILDREN  OF  CHARLES  II.  (3rd 
S.  v.  289.)-—It  is  asked  what  authority  there  is 
for  the  existence  of  James  Stewart,  a  Catholic 
priest,  enumerated  by  OXONIENSIS  (3rd  S.  v.  211) 
amongst  the  children  of  Charles  II.  ?  In  the  first 
number  of  the  Home  and  Foreign  Review  there  is 
an  interesting  article  on  this  subject,  entitled 
"Secret  History  of  Charles  II.,"  in  which  the 
writer  enumerates  nineteen  documents  existing  in 
the  Archives  of  the  Jesuits  at  Rome.  A.  E.  L. 

LAWN  AND  CRAPE  (3rd    S.  i.  188  ;  ii.  359.)  — 
J.  DIXON  asks  the  meaning  of  Pope's  line  :  — 
"  A  saint  in  crape  is  twice  a  saint  in  lawn." 

After  the  Act  of  Uniformity,  and  the  ejection 
from  the  Church  of  such  usurping  ministers  as 
refused  to  conform,  it  became  difficult  to  fill  up 
the  vacancies.  It  will  be  obvious,  however,  to 
those  acquainted  with  the  history  of  the  time,  that 
such  difficulty  would  not  extend  to  the  higher 
orders  of  the  clergy ;  because  there  was  a  large 
body  of  learned  men  still  living,  who  had  been 
episcopally  ordained  before  the  suppression  of  the 
Prelacy  and  the  Common  Prayer.  'As  a  matter  of 
necessity,  therefore,  a  very  much  lower  class  of 
men,  both  as  to  learning  and  position  in  society, 
were  admitted  into  the  Church  as  curates.  These, 
having  no  academic  gowns,  and  unable  from  their 
pecuniary  circumstances  to  purchase  silk,  adopted 
;i  thin  and  cheap  material  called  "  crape."  The 
word  "  crape"  became  the  adjective  designation 
Tor  a  clergyman  of  the  lowest  position  in  the 
Church.  I  need  not  say  that  "  lawn  "  is  still  used 
to  distinguish  the  episcopate.  For  full  informa- 
tion as  to  the  crape-gown  men,  I  would  refer  MR. 
DIXON  briefly  to  Dr.  J.  Eachard's  Grounds  and 
Occasions  of  the  Contempt  of  the  Clergy  and  Re- 
ligion inquired  into,  18mo,  London,  1670.  Also, 
Speculum  Crape-  Gownorum ;  or,  a  Looking  Glass 
jor  the  Young  Academics,  New  FoyVd,  4to,  Parts 
I.  and  II.,  London,  1682  (this  has  been  errone- 
ously attributed  to  Defoe) ;  Reflections  upon  Two. 


Scurrilous  Libels  called  Speculum  Crape-  Gown- 
orum,  4to,  London,  1682;  Concavum  Cappo-Clo- 
acorum,  in  Reflections  on  the  Second  Part  of  a  late 
Pamphlet  intituled  Speculum  Crape-  Gownorumt 
4to,  London,  1682. 

W.  LEE. 

"I  SETTE  SALMI"  (3rd  S.  v.  98.)— Several  weeks 
having  elapsed  without  any  answer  to  inquiries 
about  this  Italian  manuscript,  perhaps  the  fol- 
lowing remarks  may  be  acceptable.  The  seven 
penitential  psalms  were  paraphrased  in  terza  rima 
by  Dante  in  his  old  age ;  but,  like  rest  of  his 
w'orks,  did  not  see  the  light  till  after  his  death, 
when  his  son  Jacopo  Dante  made  them  known  to 
the  world.  Jacopo  Dante  might  have  been  his 
father's  amanuensis,  hence  his  name  on  the  title- 
page.  What  the  first  word  "  Can"  means,  is  not 
so  clear.  It  is,  however,  just  possible  that  Jacopo 
might  also  have  been  christened  Cane  after  Dante's 
intimate  friend  and  patron,  Cane  of  Verona. 

Maffei,  in  his  Storia  della  Letteratura  Italiana 
(p.  55),  speaks  of  Dante  Alighieri  having  written 
a  metrical  paraphrase  of  the  seven  penitential 
psalms  shortly  before  his  death ;  and  Beolchi,  in 
the  short  Life  of  Dante,  prefixed  to  his  Fiori 
Poetici,  has  the  following  passage  :  — 

"  Sentiva  i  suoi  giorni  declinare  verso  il  termine,  onde 
si  diede  ad  esercitare  il  suo  genio  poetico  in  soggetti 
sacri.  "E  molto  probabile  che  in  questo  tempo  scrivesse 
la  Parafrasi  ai  Sette  balmi  Penitenziali." 

FENTONIA. 

IRISH  HERALDIC  BOOKS  AND  MSS.  (3rd  S.  v. 
321.)  — I  beg  to  inform  SAP.  DOM.  As.  that  he 
will  find  an  Ordinary  of  Arms  with  Genealogical 
Notes,  by  James  Terry,  Athlone  Herald,  in  the 
British  Museum,  Harl.  MS.  4036.  C.  J. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

Diaries  of  a  Lady  of  Quality,  from  1797  to  1844.  Edited, 
with  Notes,  by  A.  Hayward,  Esq.,  Q.C.  (Longman.) 
The  last  number  of  The  Edinburgh  Review  prepared  the 
reading  public  to  expect  a  very  amusing  volume  in  the 
forthcoming  selection  from  the  Diaries  of  Miss  Frances 
Williams  Wynn.  This  lady,  the  daughter  of  Sir  Watkins 
Williams  Wynn  (the  fourth  baronet),  sister  of  Mr.  Charles 
Wynn  and  of  Sir  Henry,  who  was  so  long  English  mini- 
ster at  Copenhagen,  was  also  niece  of  the  first  Marquis 
of  Buckingham,  Lord  Grenville,  and  Mr.  Thomas  Gren- 
ville.  An  educated  and  accomplished  woman,  moving  in 
a  circle  as  distinguished  for  ability  as  for  position,  in 
daily  intercourse  with  most  accomplished  people,  and  a 
student  of  curious  books  and  MSS.,  Miss  Wynn  has 
amassed  in  the  ten  Diaries,  which  she  filled  between 
1797  and  1844,  an  amount  of  curious  information,  traits 
of  personal  character,  and  out-of-the-way  historical  inci- 
dents, which  has  enabled  the  editor  to  select  a  book 
which  will  take  its  place  among  the  best  of  our  English 
Ana,.  If  Miss  Wynn  told  her  stories  viva  voce  as  well  as 
she  tells  them  on  paper,  it  is  a  wonder  she  escaped  the 


410 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  MAY  14,  '64. 


fate  of  Denon,  whom  the  Parisians  are  said  to  have  been 
in  the  habit  of  knocking  up  at  night,  with  the  cry, 
"  Monsieur  Denon,  you,  who  know  so  many  good  stories, 
pray  tell  us  one." 

Her  Majesty's  Mails :  an  Historical  and  Descriptive  Ac- 
count  of  the   British   Post    Office.      Together  tvith   an 
Appendix.    By  William  Lewins.     (Sampson  Lojv.) 
How  did  London  eyer  get  on  without  omnibuses?  was 
the  recent  inquiry  of   an  observant   pedestrian  as  he 
traversed  the    Strand.    How  did  England  ever  get  on 
without  the  Post  Office?    is  the  inquiry  suggested  by 
Mr.  LewinVs  amuping  volume — an.d  very  amusing  it  is — 
in  which,  under  the  title  of  Her  Majesty's  Mails,  he  gives 
us  the  history  of  the  rise,  progress,  and  present  state  of 
that  vast  and  well- organised  establishment;  which,  with 
equal  efficiency,  wafts  a  sigh  from  India  to  the  Pole,  or  a 
sample    from  Manchester  to  Pernambuco.      The  work 
abounds  with  useful  information,  compiled  with  great 
care,  and  set  off  wjth  much  amusing  illustration. 
The  Autograph  Souvenir  :  a  Collection  of  Autograph  Let- 
ters, Interesting  Documents,  Sfc.,  executed  in  Fac-simile, 
by  F.  G.  Netherclift.      With  Letter-press  Transcriptions, 
and  occasional  Translations,  by  Richard  Sims.    Parts  1. 
to  V.    (Netherclift.) 

Encouraged,  we  presume,  by  the  success  of  their  useful 
Handbook  of  Autographs,  Mr.  Netherclift  and  Mr.  Sims 
have  commenced  a  work  of  higher  pretensions,  and  are 
issuing  in  Monthly  Parts  a  series  of  fac- similes  of  original 
letters  and  documents  from  the  British  Museum,  and  other 
collections,  which  bids  fair  to  be  a  volume  of  equal  interest 
and  utility.  The  Parts  already  issued  contain  copies, 
executed  with  all  Mr.Netherclift's  skill,  of  Letters  of  Eli- 
zabeth— Cromwell — Frederick  the  Great — of  Ariosto— 
Salvator  Rosa — Michael  Angelo — Nelson  and  Wellington 
— and  in  short,  as  far  as  possible,  of  the  representative 
men  of  all  ages  and  classes :  and  Mr.  Sims  has  accom- 
panied the  originals  sometimes  by  transcriptions,  and 
sometimes  by  translations,  which  obviously  add  greatly 
to  their  interest  and  value. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

LONO'S  HtSTORY   OP  JAMAICA.      4tO.      Vol.  III. 

***  Letters  stating  particulars  and  lowest  price,  carriage  free,  to  be 
sent  to  MB.  W.  G.  SMITH,  Publisher  of  "NOTES  &  QUERIES," 
a2,  Wellington  Street,  Strand,  W.C. 


HARDV  CLARKE,  ESQ.  A  Utter  addressed  to  this  gentleman  is  waiting 
for  him  at  our  Office. 

A.  F.  G.  Wt.  have  forwarded  the  jive  shillings'1  worth  of  stamps  to  the 
Infirmary  for  Children,  5|,  Waterloo  Road. 

J.  LCNTLBY.    It  should  have  been ' '  were  delivered." 

QUJBRIST.  The  Manse  of  Maastland  has  been  translated  by  Mr. 
Keifihtley,  and  published  by  Messrs,  pell  and  Daldy,und  well  deserves 
all  Lsquiros  can  say  in  its  praise. 

J.  DALTON.  The  lines  ascribing  to  the  Phoenicians  the  invention  of 
tetters  occur  in  Lucan,  Pharsalia,  lib.  iii.  220. 

BF.NJAMIN  WARD  will  find  some  interesting  particulars  of  the  origin 
oj  tin'  Harp  in  connexion  with  the  arms  of  Ireland  in  "  N.jk  U."  1st  S 
xu.  328,  3M). 

a  H'-Co,  On  *he  ori9W  °f  the  word  Quarter,  as  sparing  life,  see  our  1st 
B.  via.  246, 2§3. 

***  Cases  for  binding  th*  volumes  o/"N.  &  Q."  may  be  had  of  the 
Publisher,  and  of  all  Booksellers  and  Newsmen. 

NOTES  AND  QOER.ES  "  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 


%yableat  the  Strand  Post  Office,  in  favour  of  Vf  11,1,1  AM  G.  SMITH  32* 
T/BLM.NOTON  STtRRT,  STHAND,  W.C.,  to  whom  all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOB 
THE  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 

"NOTES  &  QUBRIBS"  is  registered  for  tranimission  abroad. 


Price  Is.  6d,,  Free  by  Post, 

PITMAN'S  MANUAL  OF  PHONOGRAPHY. 

London:  F.  PITMAN,  20,  Paternoster  Row,  E.G. 


PITMAN'S  PHONOGRAPHY  TAUGHT   by  MR.  F.  PITMAN. 

In  Class,  7s.  Gd.    Privately,  ll.  Is. 

Apply  at  20,  Paternoster  Row. 


npo  AUTHORS,  —  MURRAY  .&  Co.'s  NEW  MODE 

JL  of  PUBLISHING  is  the  only  one  that  affords  Authors,  publishing 
on  their  own  account,  an  opportunity  of  ensuring  a  Profit.  Estimates 
and  particulars  forwarded  on  application. 

MURRAY  &  CO.,  13,  Paternoster  Row,  E.G. 


"  T>ECONNOITERER"  GLASS,  9s.  6d.  !  Weighs 

lAj  8oz.,  shows  distinctly  the  windows  and  doors  of  houses  ten 
miles  off,  Jupiter's  Moons,  &c.;  as  a  Landscape  Glass  is  valuable  for 
twenty-five  miles  Nearly  all  the  Judges  at  ^Epsom  and  Newmarket 
use  it  alone.  "  The  Reconnoiterer  is  very  good."  — Marquis  of  Car- 
marthen. "  I  never  before  met  an  article  that  so  completely  answered 
its  maker's  recommendation."— F.  H.  Fawkes,  Esq.  of  Farnley.  "  The 
economy  of  price  is  not  procured  at  the  cost  of  efficiency.  We  have 
carefully  tried  it  at  an  8i)0-yard  rifle-range,  against  all  the  glasses  pos- 
sessed by  the  members  of  the  corps,  and  found  it  fully  equal  to  many, 
although  they  hail  cost  more  than  four  times  its  price." — Field.  "  Ef- 
fective on  the  1000-yard  range."— Captain  Sendey.  Royal  Small  Arms 
Factory,  Enfield.  "  An  indispensable  companion  to  a  pleasure  trip.  It 
is  as  good  as  it  is  cheap."— Notes  and  Queries.  Post-free,  10s.  lOd. 
The"  Hythe"  Glass  shows  bullet-marks  at  1200  yards,  31s.  6d.  Only 
to  be  had  direct  from  SALOM  &  CO.,  98,  Princes  Street,  Edinburgh. 
No  agents. 


OND'S     PERMANENT   MARKING   INK. — 

The  original  invention,  established  1821,  for  marking  CRESTS, 
AMES,  INITIALS,  upon  household  linen,  wearing  apparel,  &c. 

N.B Owing  to  the  great  repute  in  which  this  Ink  is  held  by  families, 

outfitters,  &c.,  inferior  imitations  are  often  sold  to  the  public,  which  do 
not  possess  any  of  its  celebrated  qualities.  Purchasers  should  there- 
fore be  o.areful  to  observe  the  address  on  the  label,  10,  BISHOPSG  ATE- 
STREET  WITHIN,  B.C.,  without  which  the  Ink  is  not  genuine. 
Sold  by  all  respectable  chemists,  stationers.  &c.,  in  the  United  King- 
dom, price  Is.  per  bottle;  no  (,d.  size  ever  made. 

N  OTIC  K.  — REMOVED  from  28,  Long  Lane  (where  it  has  been 
established  r  early  half  a  century),  to 

10,  BISHOPSGATE  STREET  WITHIN,  E.G. 


rp HE  PATENT  NEW  FILTER.— Dr.  Grant  says: 

L  "  As  pure  water  is  of  such  great  importance,  it  is  desirable  to  know 
that  Mr.  Lipscombe  is  by  far  the  most  experienced  and  best  of  all  the 
filter  makers."  Can  only  be  had  at  Mr.  Lipscombe's  Filter  Office,  233, 
Strand.  Prospectus  free. 

THE  PRETTIEST  GIFT  for  a  LADY  is  one  of 
JONESSS  GOLD  LEVERS,  at  HZ.  Us.    For  a  GENTLEMAN, 
one  at  10Z.  1  Os.    Rewarded  at  the  International  Exhibition  for  "  Cheap- 
ness of  Production." 

Manufactory,  338,  Strand,  opposite  Somerset  House. 


pHUBB'S    LOCKS    and  FIREPROOF   SAFES, 

\J  with  all  the  newest  improvements.    Street-door  Latches,  Cash  and 

Deed  Boxes.    Full  illustrated  price  lists  sent  free. 

CHUBB  *  SON,  57,  St.  Paul's  Churchyard,  London;  27,  Lord  Street, 

Liverpool;   16,  Market  Street,  Manchester;  and  Horseley  Fields, 

Wolverhampton. 

SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

•WORCESTERSHIRE       S  A  IT  C  E. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 

"THE    ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERKINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
should  see  that  LEA  &  PERRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 
Bottle,  and  Stopper. 
ASK  FOB  LEA  AND  PEBBINS'  SAUCE. 

***  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors.  Worcester; 
MESSRS.  CROSSE  and  BLACK  WELL,  MESSRS.  BARCLAY  and 
SONS.  London,  me..  &c. ;  and  by  Grocer*  and  Oilmen  universally. 


BROWN  AND  POLSON'S 

ATENT     CORN     FLOUR, 

Packets,  Sd. 
GUARANTEED   PERFECTLY  PURE, 

is  a  favourite 
DIET  FOR  CHILDREN, 

and  much  approved 
For  PUDDINGS,  CUSTARDS,  &c. 


3'd  S.  V.  MAY  14,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

WESTERN,   MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

»T      AND  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUIT5T  SOCIETY. 

CBI«F  OFFIC«»  t  S,  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 
77,  KINO  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society's  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  <he  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus.  » 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Rates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  the  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MurncAi.  MBN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for  Jheir  Reports  to  the 

iARGB  MAD*   FOR   PoLICT   STAMPS. 

lie  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready,  price  14*. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 


I 


CHOCOLAT  — MENIER. 

(Manufactured  only  in  France.) 

HE   HEALTHIEST,    BEST,  and  most  DELI- 

CIOUS  ALIMENT  for  BREAKFAST  KNOWN  SINCE  1825; 
D~EFIF.S  ALT-  HONEST  COMPETITION,  UNADULTERATED 
HIGHLY  NUTRITIOUS  and  PURE.  Sold  in  i  lb  Packets. 

Also,  especially  manufactured  for  eating  as  ordinary  sweetmeats, 

oral  Dessert:  — 

Chocolate  Creams."     I  Chocolate  Nougat.        I    Chocolate  Praline*. 
Chocolate  Almonds.    |  Chocolate  Pistaches.     I    Chocolate  Pastilles. 

Chocolate  Croquettes  and  Chocolate  Liqueres  (very  delicate). 

Wholesale, E.  GUENIN,  119,  Chancery  Lane,  London.    Retail,  by  all 

respectable  houses. 

O  S  T  E   O      BXDON. 

Patent,  March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

pABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH    and 

VT    SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  ' 
terials  and  first- 
the  U'lual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED    DENTISTS, 
J7,  Barley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London; 

134,  Duke  Street, Liverpool!  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis. 
ments,  opinions 


when  all  highly-lauded  inventfoiis  have  failed.    Purest  ma- 
•class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 


gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
of the  prew,  testimonial*,  *c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
" 


., 

Treatise  on  the  Teeth."    Post  Free  on  application. 
American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from 


guineas  per  set,  warranted. 


4  to  7,  19  and  16 


BOLLOWAY'S   OINTMENT    AND    PILLS. -- 
RELIABLE  REMEDIE8._In  wounds,  burns,  sprains,  glandu- 
wellings,  enlarged  veins,  neuralgic  pains,  and  rheumatic  tortures, 
the  application  of  this  soothing  Ointment  to  the  affected  part  not  only 
pives  the  greatest  eate,  but  likewise  cures  the  complaint.    The  Pills 
rally  promote  the  curative  action  of  the  Ointment.    Both  re  nedies 
uy  be  safely  used  by  the  most  inexperienced  nurse  ;  they  should  find  a 
Jlace  on  every  toilet  and  in  every  nursery.    They  successfully  super- 
ine i  useot  all  dangeroui  cosmetics,  and  render  the  skin  soft  and 
TrWn'        ,«  unnecessary  to   expatiate  further  on  the   excellence  of 
Holloway  s  Ointment  and  Pills,  whose  merits  have  kept  them  so  long 
before  the  public,  and  secured  for  them  universal  approbation. 


UNIVERSAL  LIFE  ASSURANCE  SOCIETY, 
1,  KING  WILLIAM  STREET,  LONDON,  E.C. 

DIRECTORS. 
Chas.  Dashwood  Preston  Bruce,  Esq.,  Chairman. 


Direc 
H.E.Bicknell.Esq. 
T.  Somers  Cocks,  Esq.,  M.A..J.P. 
Geo.  H.  Drew,  Esq.,  M.A. 
John  Fisher,  Esq. 
W.  Freeman,  Esq. 
Charles  Frere,  Esq. 
Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 
J.  H.  Goodhart.Esq.,  J.P. 
J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,M.P. 
Peter  Hood,  Esq. 
Henry  Wilbrah 
Actuary.—  Arthur 

tors. 
The  Hon.  B.  E.Howard,  D.C.L. 
James  Hunt,  Esq. 
ohn  Leigh,  Esq. 
Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.B.  Margon.Esq. 
E.  VansittartNeale,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Bonamy  Price,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Jas.  Lys  Seager.Esq. 
Thomas  blatter,  Esq. 
John  B.  White,  Esq. 
am,  Esq.,  M.A. 
8cratchley,M.A. 

X  Hi 

Elli 

Tl 

was 

A 

was 
half 

statp 

The  Thirtieth  ANNUAL  GENERAL  MEETING  of  this  Society 
WHS  held  on  the  1  Hh  May;  C.  D.  PRSSTON  BRUCB,  Esq.,  in  the  Chair. 
New  Policies  were  issued  during  the  past  year  for    £187,651 

^    Yielding  Annual  Premiums  of 8,200 

Policiesliave  been  issued  since  1834  for 7  03 i  833 

The  Claims  Paid  since  1834  anwunt  to  the  sum  of. .    1,299,234 
The  Amount  Assured  under  existing  Policies  is. ...    2,325,645 

The  Amount  of  existing  Assets  exceeds 808,000 

Annual  Income  exceeds 132,000 

A  reduction  of  50  per  cent,  upon  the  Premiums  for  the  current  year 
as  declared  upon  all  Participating  1'olicies.  !  Ks  abatement  of  One- 
naif  the  Premium,  upon  Indian  as  well  as  Engli  h 'Insurances,  was 
Stated  to  be  a  larger  advantage  to  the  Assured  tuan  any  Society,  with 
rates  of  premium  so  low  as  those  of  the  Universal,  aid, retaining  so 
ample  a  Reserve  for  its  liabilities,  had  been  able  to  afford. 

EXAMPLES  OF  REDUCED  PREMIUMS. 
ENGLISH     POLICIES 


Age  in 
Policy. 

Sum  Assured. 

Original 
Premium. 

Reduced  Premium, 
May,  1861-5. 

20 
30 
40 

i 
1000 

moo 

1000 

S.   s.  d. 
19    6    8 
24    8    4 
31  10    0 

S.     8.  d. 

9  13    4 
12    4    2 
15  15    0 

.  INDIAN  (  CIVIL"). 

Age 
Po'licy. 

Sum 
Assured. 

Original 
Premium. 

Reduced 
Premium, 
May  1804-65. 

Further  reduced 
Premium,  if  in 
Europe, 
May  1861—65. 

20 
30 
40 

£ 
1000 
1000 
1000 

£    s.    d. 

42     0     0 
48    0    0 
59    0    0 

*    s.  d. 
21    0 
24    0 
29  10 

£   s.    d. 

9  13    4 
12    «    2 
15  15    0 

20 

to 

40 

1000 

moo 

1000 

INDIA 
47    0    0 
54    0   0 
63    0    0 

N  (MILITARY  . 
23  10               I               9  13    4 
27    0                             12     4    2 
31  10    0                        15  15    0 

The  Society's  New  Prospectus  may  be  had  on  application;  and  per- 
sons properly  qualified  desirous  of  appointments  as  Agents  will  please 
apply  to 
FREDK.  HENDRICKS, 
Actuary  and  Secretary. 

\TORTH    BRITISH    AND    MERCANTILE 

11  INSURANCE   COMPANY. 

Established  1809. 

FIRE  AND  LIFE  INSURANCE  BUSINESS  of  every  description 
transacted  at  moderate  rates,. 

The  usual  Commission  allowed  on  Ship  and  Foreign  Insurances. 
Insurers  in  this  Company  will  receive  the  full  benefit  of  the  reduc» 
tion  in  Duty. 

Capital          .....  £8.000,000 

Annual  Income  -          -          ,          -          -    «4»7,«G» 
Accumulated  Funds  -         -,         -          .«2,tt:i:i,»3? 
LONDON-HEAD  OFFICES,  58,  Threadneedle  Street,  E.C. 

4,  New  Bank  Buildings,  Lothbury. 
WEST  END  OFFICE         -       8,  Waterloo  Place,  Pall  JBall. 

DEBENTURES    at  5,  5£,   and  6    PER  CENT., 
CEYLON  COMPANY,  LIMITED.  Subscribed  Capital,  £350,000. 


Duncan  James  Kay,  Esq. 
Stephen  P.  Kennard,  Esq. 
Patrick  F.  Robertson,  Esq. 
Robert  Smith,  Esq. 


DIRECTORS. 

Lawford  Acland,  Esq.,  Chairman. 
Major-Genera!     Henry    Pelham 

Burn. 

Harry  George  Gordon,  Esq. 
George  Ireland,  Esq. 

MANAGER— C.  J.  Braine.Esq. 

The  Directors  are  prepared  to  issue  Debentures  for  one,  three,  and 
five  years,  at  5, 5},  and  6  per  cent,  respectively.  They  are  also  prepared 
to  invest  money  or  mortgage  in  Ceyiou  and  Mauritius,  either  with  or 
without  the  Guarantee  of  the  Company,  as  may  be  arranged. 

Applications  for  particulars  to  be  made  at  the  Office  of  the  Company, 
No.  12,  Leadenhall  street,  London,  E.C. 

By  Order,  JOHN  ANDERSON,  Secretary. 

STARCH  MANUFACTURERS 
TO  H.R.H.  THE  PRINCESS  OF  WALES. 

GLEN  FIELD     PATENT     STARCH, 
Used  in  the  Roval  Laundry. 
And  awarded  the  Prize  Medal,  1864. 
Sold  by  all  Grocers, Chandlers,  Ice.,  &c. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


V.  MAY  14,  '64. 


S.  &  T.  GILBERT,  having  purchased  from  the  Eminent  Publishers  Messrs  DAY  &  SON  the  entire  Remainder  of  the 
following  magnificent  and  gorgeously-illuminated  Work,  beg  to  direct  particular  attention  to  it,  and  also  to  the 
exceedingly  low  price  at  which  it  is  "now  for  the  first  time  offered.  For  beauty  of  design  and  execution,  it  can- 
not be  surpassed;  and  it  maybe  recommended  as  one  of  the  most  charming  and  luxurious  gems  ever  produced. 
No  one  who  has  a  love  for  the  art  which  it  represents,  and  which  is  now  rapidly  spreading  far  and  wide,  should 
remain  without  it,  or  delay  buying  it,  as  the  remainder  is  small,  and  the  work  will  soon  be  out  of  print.  , 

THE  SERMON  ON  THE  MOUNT. 

Illuminated  by  W.  and  G.  AUDSLEY,  Architects. 

Chromo-lithographed  by  W.  R.  TYMMS. 

With  an  ILLUSTRATION  in  the  most  perfect  style  of  Chromo-lithography,  after  the 

Picture  by  CHARLES  ROLT, 

The  beautiful  Art  of  Illuminating  has  in  England  become  a  National  taste;  and  the  knowledge  of  it,  with  its 
numerous  styles  and  peculiarities,  is  being  ^more  widely  spread  every  day.  It  is  the  duty  of  each  Art-lover  to 
encourage  and  nourish  with  his  own  study  or  patronage  the  revival  of  our  National  Arts,  amongst  which  that  of 
Illuminating  takes  a  prominent  part.  England  may  be  proud  that  she  once  could  claim  so  many  brilliant  gems  in 
her  Gothic  crown ;  and  well  may  she  regret  that  they  have  been  so  long  lost  to  her. 

These  Arts,  however,  shall  yet  be  recovered,  and,  being  aided  by  our  Modern  applications  and  acquirements, 
shall  in  their  revival  be  brighter  and  more  glorious  than  ever ! 

Our  Mediasval  Artists  are  everywhere  studying,  with  praiseworthy  zeal,  the  treasured  pages  of  those  vellum 
wonders,  distributed  throughout  our  many  Valuable  Libraries.  Our  Mediaeval  Architects  are  fast  learning  their 
lessons,  and  deriving  their  inspiration  in  their  glorious  Art,  from  the  time-worn  Relics  of  the  Past :  neither  of  these 
Essays  can  be  without  direct  effect  on  the  Art-condition  of  the  Nation. 

It  is  with  a  hope  that  their  labours  may  be  of  some  service,  that  the  Authors  lay  their  Work  before  the  World. 
They  have  endeavoured  so  to  frame  it  that  "it  shall  become  at  once  a  sumptuous  Drawing-room  Book,  and,  from  the 
character  and  extreme  diversity  of  its  design,  a  valuable  addition  to  the  library  of  the  Architect,  Decorative  Artist, 
and  Manufacturer. 

The  Work  contains  "The  Sermon  on  the  Mount,"  St.  Matthew,  chapters  v.  vi.  vii.  It  is  a  Series  of  Twenty- 
seven  full-page  Illuminations,  gorgeously  executed  in  Gold  and  Colours;  all  of  which  are  entirely  different  in  design 
and  treatment :  with  an  Illustration  in  colour  from  a  picture  painted  expressly  for  the  Work,  by  one  of  the  first 
Artists  of  the  day.  The  size  of  the  Work  is  twenty-two  by  seventeen  and  a  half  inches. 

OPINIONS    OF    THE    PRESS. 

arabesqued,  gilded,  and,  as  they  used  to  say,  miniated  and  rubricated, 
diapered  and  foliated,  and  scrolled  and  gilded,  with  the  most  perfect 
art  of  the  ancient  scriptorium  —  only,  of  course,  it  is  Mr.  Day's  press, 
and  not  Father  John's  long  labour  of  love,  which  has  been  employed. 
The  illuminators  have  not  confined  themselves  to  a  single  period  of  art, 
a  single  age  of  palaeography,  or  a  single  scale  of  letters." 

FROM  THE  BUIIDER. 
"  We  have  here  a  book  resplendent  in  colour  and  gilding,  vellum-like 

paper,  beautiful  printing,  and  a  rich  binding The  Messrs.  Audsley 

have  produced  a  remarkable  book  of  its  class,  available  either  for  the 
drawing-room  table,  or,  in  separate  sheets,  to  supply  copies  to  the  crowd 
of  amateurs,  those  who  can  draw  and  those  who  cannot,  who  idle  time 
elegantly  in  the  modern  art  of  illuminating.  The  frontispiece,  Christ 
and  His  Disciples  on  the  Mount,  by  Mr.  Holt,  is  one  of  the  most  delicate 
pieces  of  colour-printing  that  we  have  seen.  The  faces  and  the  sky  are 
especially  remarkable." 

FROM  THE  ATHEN^KUM. 

"  We  have  received  from  Messrs.  Day  &  Son  a  magnificent  volume 
profusely  illuminated  by  Messrs.  W.  &  G.  Audsley,  architects,  of  Liver- 
pool ;  illustrated  by  Mr.  C.  Rolt,  the  chromo-lithographs  by  Mr.  Tymms. 
It  is  'The  Sermon  on  the  Mount.'    The  illuminators'  portion  has  been 
performed  with  admirable  ability  and  taste,  by  the  introduction  of 
initial  letters  and  fine  borders  to  every  page,  all  learnedly  composed  in 
the  manner  of  the  fourteenth-century  designers.    Mr.  Holt's  portion  is 
a  frontispiece  representing  Christ  before  the  lilies,  the  disciples  and 
.   some  of  the  holy  women  gathered  round.    Mr.  Tymms  has  done  well 
I   with  his  share,  if  we  rightly  attribute  to  him  the  production  on  the 
I  stones  of  Messrs.  Audsley 's  designs  and  drawings." 


"  A  very  splendid  volume,  '  The  Sermon  on  the  Mount,'  illuminated 
by  W.andG.  Audsley,  illustrated  by  Charles  Bolt,  chromo-lithogra- 
phed  by  W.  B.  Tymms,  and  published  hy  Day  and  Son.  This  is  really 
the  most  gorgeous  of  all  books." 

FROM  THB  ILLUSTRATED  LONDON  NEWS. 

..."  w.e  th.ink  w£  may  8afely  say  that  this  is  the  most  gorgeous  work  of 
illumination  which  has  yet  been  produced  in  our  time  by  means  of 
chromo-lithography  .  heightened  by  gildine,  silvering,  &c.    It  consists  of 
twenty-seven  subjects,  of  a  large  folio  size;  the  designs,  which  measure 
some  twenty  to  twenty-four  inches  square,  being  of  the  most  elaborate 
character  and  of  endless  variety-some  distinguished  b™  maLiveness, 
breadth,  and  lavish  richness  of  material,  others  by  their  simplicity  and 
the  elegance  or  their  light  tracery.    The  ornampntation  consists  chiefly 
of  flowers  and  leaves  (conventionally  treated),  flowing  bands  damask- 
work,  geometric  figures,  &c  .......  It  would  be  out  of  the  question  to 

attempt  to  give  any  description  of  the  various  illuminations,  but  some 

of  them  struck  us  as  exceedingly  grand  by  their  boldness  and  breadth 

•  Jorm'    "n.d  lavish   and  harmonious   combinations   of  colour   and 

gilding.    Take,  for  instance,  those  grounding  the  verse,  •  Blessed  are 

2&f-  not'  that  ye  *"*  jud*ed''and  the 

FROM  THE  SATURDAY  REVIEW. 
the  very  acme  of  mechanical  success     The  size  is  of 

»ml  tth  the  Paper  ^f  tuhe  ?err  thickest'  «**>»  *fct  thl  ve?y 
creamiest  ot  the  cream  j  and  the  book  consists  of  the  Sermon  on  the 
Mount  gorgeously  illuminated  on  about  twenty-seven  pages,  bordered 


Undo 


I!™?  °Q  flnest  Cxtra  thick  paper' bound  in  ful1  morocco,  superbly  gilt  (210  copies  printed),  6Z.  6s.;  published  at  ViL  12*. 

rvxrev  A V  r,  ™™        *  CXtm  thick  paper>  bound  in  extra  cloth- richlv  «*"  ^21°  c°Pies  Printed),  4Z.  14s.  6d.;  published  at  i(tf.  10*. 

IBS,  on  thick  paper,  handsomely  bound  in  extra  cloth,  gilt  (200  copies  printed),  31. 13s.  6d.;  published  at  87.  8s. 

%*  Sent  carriage  free  to  any  part  of  the  United  Kingdom,  on  receipt  of  a  remittance  for  the  amount. 
Catalogues  gratis,  and  post  free. 

London:  S.  &  T.  GILBERT,  4,  Copthall  Buildings,  back  of  the  Bank  of  England,  E.G. 


Printed  by  GEORGE  ANDREW  SPOTTISWOODE,  at  5  New-street  Square,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Bride,  in  the  County  of  Middlesex;  and 
Published  by  WILLIAM  GREIG  SMITH,  of  32  Wellington  Street,  Strand,  in  the  said  County. -Saturday,  May  14, 1864. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 

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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3**  S.  V.  MAY  21,  '64. 


NOW  PUBLISHING,  MONTHLY,  PRICE  SIXPENCE, 

THE    TEMPLE    ANECDOTES. 

BY  RALPH  &  CHANDOS  TEMPLE. 

WITH  ILLUSTRATIONS  BY  EMINENT  ARTISTS,  ENGRAVED  BY  THE  BROTHERS  DALZIEL. 


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That  temple,  thy  fair  mind." 

Shakspere. 


FIRST  NUMBER  READY  THIS  DAY, 

CONTENTS   OF  "  THE  TEMPLE  ANECDOTES." — First  Number. 
PRICE  SIXPENCE. 


THE  TRUE  MOTHER  OF  INVENTION. 

ARKWRIGHT'S  WIFE  DESTROYING  THE  MODELS. 

How  ARKWRIGHT  CONSTRUCTED  HIS  FIRST  MACHINE. 

CUVIEK  AND  THE  FOSSIL  FOOT. 

STEPHENSON  AND  THE  LAWYER. 

SAMUEL  CROMPTON  AND  THE  SPIES. 

THE  WAR  OF  THE  KNOBS  AND  POINTS. 

THE  STORY  OF  WEDGWOOD -WARE. 

TH*  RAILWAY  IN  ITS  CRADLE. 

THE  FIRST  HOT-PRESSER  OF  PAPER. 

BRUNEL'S  PROPHECY. 

THE  BOY  AND  THE  STEAM  ENGINE. 

DR.  BUCKLAND  WATCHING  THIS  BUILDERS. 

AN  IMPROMPTU  INVENTION. 

THE  FIKST  PHOTOGRAPHERS. 

WM.  FLAKEFIELD'S  LINEN  HANDKERCHIEF. 


THE  CHILDHOOD  OF  JAMES  WATT. 

THE  YOUTH  OF  JAMES  WATT. 

BENJAMIN  HUNTSMAN  AND  THE  PROCESS  OP  MAKING 

CAST  STEEL. 

THE  FICTION  OF  SALOMON  DE  CAUS. 
THE  INVENTOR  OF  PRINTING  FOR  THE  BLIND. 
THE  ROMANCE  OF  THE  STOCKING  FRAME. 
WILLIAM   HYDE  WOLLASTON,  THE    ECCENTRIC 

COVERER. 

OLD  PREJUDICES  AGAINST  COTTON  SPINNING. 
THE  PHILOSOPHER  TAUGHT  BY  THE  CHILD. 
HERSCHEL'S  FIRST  AND  LAST  TELESCOPES. 
FIVE  GUINEAS  FOR  A  NEW  PLANET. 
THE  FATES  OF  JOHN  KAY  AND  LEWIS  PAUL, 
A  TROUBLESOME  PERSON  IN  CHEMISTRY. 


Dis- 


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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


411 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  MAY2\,  1864. 


CONTENTS. —No.  125. 

NOTES  :  — A  New  Champion  of  Mary  Queen  of  Scots,  411 

—  Bishop  Thomas  Knox  of  the  Isles,  76.  — Ralph  Fitz- 
Hubert,  414  — Doctor  Slop,  76.  -  The  Seraglio  Library  — 
Archbishop  John  and  Bishop  James  Spottiswood  —  Epi- 
taphs on  Dogs  — Dor  — Extraordinary  Epitaph  —  Barony 
of  Mordaunt  —  Shakspeare's  Portraits,  415. 

QUERIES :  —  Letter  to  the  Knight  of  Kerry,  417  —  Anony- 
mous —  Bassets  of  North  Morton  —  Henry  Budd  —  Calton 

—  The  Life  and  Virtues  of  Dona  Luisa  de  Carvajal  y  Men- 
doza  —  The  Cuckoo  Song  —  Heirs  wanted  —  Foreign  Post- 
age [Stamps  —  Hogarth  —  Mr.  Jameson— Sir  James  Jay, 
Knt.,  M.D.  — T.  J.  Ouseley  — "Like  Patience  on  a  Monu- 
ment "  —  Edward  Polhill,  Esq.  —  Mrs.  Maria  Eliza  Run- 
dell  —  Sealing  Wax  removed,  &c.  —  Sentences  containing 
but  one  Vowel  —  Septuagint  —  Shakspearian  Characters  — 
Peter  Stephens,  Esq. —  Thomas  Townseud,  Esq.  —  Na- 
thanael  Whiting  —  Wortley  Scholarship  —  Seurat,  Claude. 
Ambroise  —  John  Yeomans,  417. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS:— Apocalypse— Stuart  Adherents 

—  Portrait  of  King  John  — Greek  Testament  —  Cobham 
Pyramid— Henshall's  "Gothic  and  English  Gospels,"  420. 

REPLIES :  —  Sir  Charles  Wogan,  421  —  Authorship  of 
Latin  Hymns,  422  —  William  Cobbett,  76.  —  Pre-Death 
Coffins  and  Monuments,  423  —  Shakers  —  Leading  Apes  in 
Hell  — The  Molly  Wash-dish  — Captain  Nathaniel  Port- 
lock  —  Andros,  Sir  Edmund  —  Curll's  Voiture's  Letters  — 
Charade  :  "  Sir  Geoffrey  "  —  Smyth  of  Braco,  and  Stewart 
of  Orkney —  Hemming  of  Worcester—  "  Troilus  and  Cres- 
sida  "  —  "  Hamlet "  —  Monks  and  Friars  —  Major  John 
Haynes  —  Wig  —  Neef  —  "A  Shoful"  —  Dummerer  — 
Parietines  —  The  Newton  Stone  —  Chess  —  Robert  Dove  — 
The  Passing-Bell  of  St.  Sepulchre's,  &c.,424. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


A  NEW  CHAMPION  OF  MARY  QUEEN  OF 
SCOTS. 

Several  important  volumes  have  very  recently 
been  published  in  France  on  the  History  of  Eng- 
land :  they  might  appropriately  be  reviewed  here, 
but  as  the  abundance  of  materials  prevents  the 
insertion  in  "  N.  &  Q."  of  professed  comptes- 
rendus  of  foreign  works,  I  shall  take  the  liberty 
of  just  calling  the  attention  of  the  readers,  under 
the  shape  of  a  brief  note,  to  one  of  these  produc- 
tions. 

M^.  Louis  Wiesener,  lecturer  on  history  at  the 
Lycee  Louis  le  Grand,  is  the  author  of  the  octavo 
I  have  in  view,  and  his  Marie  Stuart  et  le  Comte  de 
Bothwell  *  contains  an  eloquent  refutation  of  the 
accusations  directed  against  the  unfortunate  Queen 
of  Scots  by  Messrs.  Mignet,  Froude,  and  other  his- 
torians. M.  Wiesener  starts  from  the  proposition 
that  Mary  was  the  victim  of  a  plot  deliberately 
and  carefully  made  by  the  nobility  of  Scotland,  in 
order  to  assume  the  management  of  public  affairs, 
— a  plot  in  which  the  question  of  religion  was  more 
a  pretext  than  a  real  subject  of  complaint  on  the 
part  of  the  ringleaders.  Bothwell  had  been  at 
the  time  of  Mary's  return  to  Scotland  admitted  as 
a  member  of  the  privy  council ;  Murray  managed, 
in  the  first  place,  to  bring  about  his  disgrace. 

*  1  vol.  8vo,  Paris  and  London,  Hachette  &  Co. 


The  marriage  with  Darnley,  however,  momen- 
tarily defeated  the  Regent's  plan  by  introducing 
in  the  person  of  the  Queen's  consort  a  rival,  who, 
if  he  had  possessed  any  strength  of  character  and 
some  honour,  would  have  utterly  put  down  the 
rising  of  the  ambitious  nobles.  In  this  emergency, 
by  a  stroke  of  consummate  policy,  Murray  began 
by  destroying  Darnley  through  the  instrumenta- 
lity of  Bothwell ;  he  then  ruined  Bothwell  for 
having  helped  to  murder  Darnley ;  and,  finally, 
he  contrived  to  make  Mary  share  the  condemna- 
tion with  which  he  visited  his  own  accomplice. 

M.  Wiesener  has  consulted  with  the  most  scru- 
pulous care  all  the  documents,  both  written  and 
MS.  that  exist,  concerning  Mary  Stuart.  His 
critiques  of  other  historians,  particularly  of  M. 
Mignet,  are  often  thoroughly  sound,  and  at  the 
same  time  always  characterised  by  fairness  and 
good  temper.  He  is,  on  the  other  hand,  very 
severe  in  his  appreciation  of  Buchanan,  whom  he 
finds  guilty  of  the  grossest  hypocrisy,  and  whom 
he  denounces  as  an  infamous  calumniator.  The 
well-known  Detectio,  iheActio  contra  Jl/arzam,were 
pamphlets  written  at  the  instigation  of  Murray ; 
the  pretended  letters  from  Mary  to  Bothwell,  the 
journal  of  the  Regent  himself,  were,  M.  Wiesener, 
supposes,  fabrications  unblushingly  made  by  Bu- 
chanan ;  and  the  real  nature  of  which  appears 
palpable  enough  to  those  who,  only  anxious  for 
a  knowledge  of  the  truth,  consult  the  authentic 
documents  preserved  on  this  difficult  subject. 

Whatever  may  be  the  opinion  entertained  re- 
specting the  guilt  of  Mary  Queen  of  Scots,  we 
should  hail  with  satisfaction  every  fresh  attempt  to 
solve  this  the  long-disputed  problem  ;  and  I  think 
that  the  volume  just  described  amply  deserves, 
from  this  point  of  view,  to  be  made  a  note  of. 

GUSTAVE  MASSON. 

Harrow-on-the-Hill. 


BISHOP  THOMAS  KNOX  OF  TPIE  ISLES. 

On  the  resignation  of  the  see  of  the  Isles  by 
Bishop  Andrew  Knox,  and  his  final  removal  to 
that  of  Raphoe,  which  occurred  about  the  com- 
mencement of  the  year  1619,  he  was  succeeded  in 
the  Scotish  bishopric  by  his  eldest  son  Thomas, 
who  was  nominated  to  the  see  by  King  Charles  I. 
in  February ;  and  is  mentioned  in  a  letter,  dated 
March  18,  1619,  from  Edinburgh,  addressed  to 
Sir  John  Campbell  of  Calder,  by  his  factor  there, 
in  the  following  terms  :  — 

"  Mr.  Thomas  Knox  is  comet  heir  from  court,  he  is 
bischope  of  the  His,  and  his  gift  past  throw  the  sealis 
alreddie;  he  told  me  that  his  Majestie  spak  weill  of 
you." — Book  of  the  Thanes  of  Cawdor. 

His  consecration  may,  therefore,  be  placed  in 
or  about  that  month ;  but  his  previous  ecclesias- 
tical preferments  I  have  not  succeeded  in  ascer- 
taining, and  the  only  notice  of  his  career  before 


412 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3**  S.  V.  MAY  21,  '64. 


BISHOPS   OF  THE   ISLES :    "  SODORENSIS."  *      ST.  MARY'S   CHURCH,   ROTHESAY,   CATHEDRAL. 


A.D. 

Name. 

Date  of 

Place  of 
Consecration. 

Consecrators. 

Nomination. 

Consecration 

1606 

1619 
1628 

1633 
1662 
1677 

1680 

Andrew  Knox,  D.D. 

Thomas  Knox,  B.D. 
John  Leslie,  D.D.  ... 

Neil  Campbell  ... 
Robert  Wallace  ... 
Andrew  Wood 

Archibald  Graham 

April  2, 
Jas.  VI. 

Feb.  —  , 
Jas.  VI. 

Aug.  17, 
Chas.  I. 

Oct.  17, 
Chas.  I. 

Jan.  —  , 
Chas.  II. 

Chas.  II. 
Chas.  II. 

1611. 
Feb.  24. 

?Mar.—  ? 
Sept.—? 

1634. 
May  7. 
1678. 

Leith  

John  (Spottiswoode,  Abp.  of)  Glasgow, 
Gavin  (Hamilton,  Bp.  of)  Galloway,  and 
Andrew  (Lamb,  Bp.  of  )  Brechin. 

Edinburgh, 
Abbey  church 
of  Holyrood. 

James  (Sharp,  Abp.  of  )  5.  Andrew's,  An- 
drew (Fairford,  Abp.  of)  Glasgow,  and 
James  (Hamilton,  Bp.  of)  Galloway. 

that  period,  consists  in  his  having  been  one  of  the 
hostages  for  his  father  in  September,  1614,  when 
he  was  surprised  by  the  island  chiefs  at  Islay,  and 
only  released  on  certain  conditions,  afterwards 
violated  through  an  act  of  gross  treachery,  in 
November  following.  (Gregory's  Western  Isles.) 

He  had  ecclesiastical  preferment  in  the  king- 
dom of  Ireland,  for  we  find :  "Thomas  Knox,  B.D., 
Incumbent  of  the  parish  of  Clondevadocke,  or 


*  Diocese.— Isles  of  Bute  and  Arran,  with  most  of  the 
Hebrides,  or  Western  Archipelago  of  Isles.  ("  Sudoreyar," 
from  sudr,  south,  and  ey,  island,  in  Islandic.) 

Cathedral  Chapter  (re-established  by  Act  of  Scotish  Par- 
liament, in  July,  1617).—!.  Dean,  the  Parson  of  Sorbie, 
or  Sorabie,  in  Tyree,  who  was  also  Vicar  of  lona,  with 
parish  of  Crossabill  annexed ;  2.  Sub-Dean,  the  Parson 
of  Rothesay,  in  Bute ;  3,  4,  5,  6.  Parsons  of  four  other 
parish  churches  in  the  diocese;  at  the  same  time  the 
Priory  of  Ardchatten  and  Abbey  of  Icolmkill,  or  lona 
('Hy,  )wert  annexed  to  the  Bishopric,  and  an  Arch- 
deacon appears  to  have  been  instituted  on  Sept.  3, 1662. 


Fanvet" — a  rectory  in  his  father's  diocese  of 
Raphoe — in  the  year  1622  ;  and  as  he  was  neces- 
sarily nonresident,  he  employed  a  curate,  Robert 
AYhyte,  M.A. ;  and  paid  him  101.  annually,  for 
serving  that  benefice  during  his  own  absence. 
(Ulster  Visitation  Book.} 

Bishop  Knox's  death  is  placed  by  Keith  (Scot' 
tish  Bishops)  in  the  year  1626  ;  but  it  may  be 
more  probably  referred  to  1628,  as  his  successor 
in  the  see  of  the  Isles,  Dr.  John  Leslie,  was 
nominated  on  August  17  in  the  latter  year.  And 
it  is  unlikely  that  the  bishopric  would  have",  been 
allowed  to  remain  so  long  vacant.  These  dates 
are,  however,  merely  conjectural ;  and,  when  Mr. 
Cosmo  Innes  remarks,  that  "  the  succession  of  the 
bishops  of  that  see  (The  Isles)  is  confused  and 
uncertain  throughout,  but  about  the  Reforma- 
tion, it  becomes  inexplicable ; "  and  as  also,  in 
the  seventeenth  century,  even  the  post-Reforma- 
tion succession  continues  defective,  it  can  hardly 


3"»S.V.  MAY  21,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


413 


SEE   FOUNDED  A.D.  320,  AND    UNITED   TO   MAN   TILL  Cl'rCO   1409. 


Date  and  Place  of 
Death. 

In  Year  of 

Previous  Ecclesiastical  Stations,  fcc. 

Authorities,  ic. 

Age. 

Episco- 
pate. 

1633.  Mar.  17, 
Ramullea 
Castle? 

73 

23 

A.M.  of  Glasgow  University,  1579  ;  Parson  of  Loch- 
winnoch  and  Paisley,  dioc.  of  Glasgow,  and  co.  Ren- 
frew. Translated  to  see  of  Rapboe  in  Ireland,  June 
26,  1611,  and  Sept.  22,  1619.  Pr.  Coun.  of  Ireland. 

Keith,  Ware,  Cotton, 
Gregory,  Reeve. 

1628.  ? 

... 

10 

Rector  of  Clondevaddock,  dioc.  of  Raphoe,  a  son  of  pre- 
vious Bishop,  and  Bachelor  of  Divinity. 

Keith,  Cotton,  Lawson, 

&C. 

1671.  Sept.  —  , 
Glasslough,  co. 
Monaghan. 

100 

44 

A.M.  of  Aberdeen,  and  D.D.  of  Oxford,  1628.  Was 
Rector  of  St.  Marti  n-le-Vintry,  London,  162-  to 
Sept.  1628.  Translated  to  see  of  Raphoe,  in  Ireland, 
April  8,  and  June  1,  1633,  and  to  that  of  Clogher 
June  17  and  27,  1661.  Pr.  Councillor  of  Ireland  and 
Dean  of  Raphoe  in  com.  June  9  to  autumn,  1661. 

Ware,  Cotton,  Keith, 
Lawson,  Reeve. 

16—.  ? 

... 

Parson  of  Kilmichael,  in  deanery  of  Glassory,  dioc.  and 
co.  of  Argyll  ;  son  of  Bishop  Niel,  C.  of  Argyll.  De- 
posed by  Gen.  Ass.  at  Glasgow  Dec.  11,  1638.  Period 
of  death  unknown. 

Keith,  Grub,  Lawson, 
&c. 

1G75.  May  16, 
Rothsay. 

... 

14 

Parson  of  Barnwell,  in  dioc.  of  Glasgow,  and  co.  of  Ayr. 
Interred  in  St.  Mary's  Church,  Rothesay,  his  Cathe- 
dral. (By  some  authorities  his  death  is  placed  in 
1669  and  1671.) 

Keith,  Grub,  Lawson, 
&c. 

1695.  ? 
D  unbar. 

76 

18 

Parson  successively  of  Spott,  in  East  Lothian,  and  of 
Dunbar,  in  co.  of  Haddington,  both  in  dioc.  of  Edin- 
burgh, which  last  he  held  in  common  with  the  see 
by  roval  dispensation  of  June  2,  1677.  Translated 
to  see"  of  Caithness  in  1680.  Deprived  July  19,  1689. 
(«And.Soderen.:)) 

Keith,  Grub,  Lawson, 
&c. 

170-.  ? 

Parson  of  Rothesay,  in  island  and  co.  of  Bute,  and 
dioc.  of  The  Isles,  and  ex-qfficio  Sub-Dean  of  The 
Isles.  Deprived  July  19,  1689.  Living  in  April, 
1702  ;  but  exact  date  of  death  unrecorded. 

Keith,  Grub,  Lawson, 
£c. 

be  expected  that  a  tyro  like  myself  can  succeed 
in  the  almost  hopeless  task  of  attempting  to  re- 
concile the  chronological  difficulties,  and  nearly 
insuperable  obstacles,  which  oppose  the  compila- 
tion of  a  correct  Catalogue  of  the  Bishops  of  the 
isles.  However,  I  append  (from  my  MS.  "Fasti 
Eccl.  Scotic.")  a  brief  tabular  view  of  the  last 
seven  prelates  who  occupied  this  ancient  see, 
between  the  years  1606  and  1702,  which  may 
perhaps  be  deemed  worthy  of  insertion.  With 
reference  to  this  bishop's  connection  with  the 
islanders  of  his  diocese — politically,  for  of  his  ec- 
clesiastical government  unfortunately  nothing  is 
recorded  —  it  may  be  mentioned  that,  in  1622,  the 
chiefs  having  made  their  usual  annual  appearance 
before  the  Privy  Council  of  Scotland  at  Edin- 
burgh, several  acts  of  importance  relating  to  the 
Isles  were  passed.  By  the  first  of  these,  they  were 
bound  to  build  and  repair  their  parish  churches 
to  the  satisfaction  of  the  Bishop  of  the  Isles  ;  and 


they  promised  to  meet  the  bishop  at  Icolmkill, 
whenever  he  should  appoint,  to  make  the  neces- 
sary arrangements  in  this  matter.  The  bishop  at 
this  time  promised  to  appoint  a  qualified  Com- 
missary for  the  Isles,  complaints  having  been 
made  on  that  head.  (Rec.  Privy  Council,  July, 
1622.) 

The  above  is  from  Gregory's  valuable  History 
of  the  Western  Highlands  and  Isles  of  Scotland, 
and  he  appears  to  have  considered  the  bishop  to 
have  been  Andrew  Knox ;  but  it  must  have  oc- 
curred during  the  episcopate  of  his  son  and  suc- 
cessor, as  the  former  was  undoubtedly  then  in 
Ireland.  The  family  of  Knox  of  Prehen,  near 
Derry,  was  descended  from  these  bishops ;  and, 
probably  also,  that  of  Rappa  Castle,  in  the  county 
of  Mayo,  which  still  exists. 

Arms.  Gu.,  a  falcon  volant,  or,  within  an  orle, 
invected  on  the  outer  side  arg.  (Nisbet's  Heraldry, 
i.  178.)  A.  S.  A. 


414 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


V.  MAY  21,  '64. 


RALPH  FITZ- HUBERT. 

Dugdale,  at  p.  510  of  the  first  vol.  of  his  Ba 
ronage,  states :  — 

"  This  Raphe  Fitz-Hubert,  adhering  to  King  Stephei 
in  his  wars  against  Maude  the  Empress,  was  a  tierce  man 
and  a  great  plunderer  (Math.  West.  an.  1140)  ;  and  hav 

ipg  surprised  the  Castle  of  Devizes was  a 

length  taken  prisoner,  and  because  he  refused  to  delive 
up  Devizes  to  the  Empress,  hanged  as  a  thief." 

Banks,  at  p.  83  of  vol.  i.  of  his  Extinct  am 
Dormant  Baronages,  copies  this  statement.  Si 
P.  Madden,  in  his  Frecheville  pedigree  (pp.  1  e 
stq.  of  vol.  iv.  of  the  Collect.  Topogr.  et  Geneal.) 
also  adopts  it. 

;  A  little  examination  of  this  point  will,  I  think 
clear  the  stain  of  the  crimes  attributed  to  him  from 
his  name. 

In  the  first  place,  it  seems  tolerably  certain  thai 
the  malefactor's  name  was  not  Ralph,  but  Robert 
Fitz-Hubert.  William  of  Malmesbury  so  styles 
him  in  the  two  places  where  he  mentions  him ; 
and  the  author  of  the  Gesta  Stephani  also  in  several 
places  calls  him  Robert. 

Secondly,  that  whilst  Ralph  Fitz-Hubert  was 
of  undoubted  Norman  ancestry,  at  p.  66  of  the 
Gesta  Stephani  (published  by  the  Eriff.  Hist.  So 
ciety),  it  is  stated  that  Robert  Fitz-Rulph  was  of 
Flemish  extraction,  and  a  stipendiary  of  Count 
Robert :  — 

"  Prope  hoc  tempus  Robertus  filius  Huberti,  vir  genere 
Flandrensis,  animo  et  actu  fraudulentus,  qui,  ut  de  Evan- 
gelico  judice  dicitur,  nee  Deum  nee  homines  reverebatur, 
ex  Roberti  oomitis  militia  furtive  proficiscens,  erat  enim 
illius  stipendiarius,"  §v. 

As  Ralph  Fitz-Hubert,  temp.  Domesday,  held 
thirty-nine  manors  in  Derbyshire,  as  well  as  lands 
in  capite  in  Leicester,  Stafford,  Notts,  and  Lin- 
coln, and  was  at  the  same  time  Governor  of  Not- 
tingham, it  is  hardly  probable  he  ever  served  as 
"  stipendiarius  "  to  any  one  but  William  the  Con- 
queror. 

Thirdly,  Ralph  Fitz-Hubert  was  the  eldest  son 
of  Hubert  de  Rye,  who,  in  1044,  saved  the  life  of 
William  Duke  of  Normandy,  as  he  was  flying 
from  Bayeux  to  Falaise  pursued  by  conspirators. 
As  three  of  Hubert  de  Rye's  sons  were  then  old 
enough  to  escort  William  across  country  from 
Rye  to  Falaise  (Roscoe's  Life  of  William  the  Con- 
queror, p.  51 ;  Chron.  de  Normandie,  Nouv.  Hist, 
M.  de  Bra3,  Walsingham,  &c.),  Ralph,  the  eldest, 
must  have  been  aged  at  least  twenty-four,  which 
would  give  the  date  of  his  birth  as  1020— a  hun- 
dred and  twenty  years  before  the  time  when  he  is 
presumed  to  have  committed  the  atrocities  justly 
censured  by  Matthew  of  Westminster. 

If  any  further  proof  of  his  innocence  were 
necessary,  it  would  be  that  his  son  Ralph  suc- 
ceeded to  his  estates  in  the  reign  of  Henry  L,  and 
that  the  events  above  referred  to  did  not  take 
place  till  that  of  Stephen.  WALTER  RYE. 

King's  Road,  Chelsea. 


DOCTOR  SLOP. 

In  Mr.JFitzgerald's  recently  published  Life  of 
Sterne  it  is  stated,  that  Dr.  Burton  of  York  was 
generally  supposed  to  be  the  original  of  Dr.  Slop, 
and  certain  political  reasons  are  adduced  which 
caused  Dr.  Burton  to  become  obnoxious  to  the 
witty  satire  of  the  author  of  Tristram  Shandy. 
In  such  a^case,  one  would  not  expect  a  satirist  to 
be  very  discriminating  in  his  attacks ;  but  really, 
poor  Dr.  Burton  seems  to  have  been  treated  with 
singular  unfairness :  for,  so  far  from  being  a  blind 
advocate  for  the  use  of  instruments  in  midwifery, 
one  of  the  charges  he  brings  against  Dr.  Smellie, 
the  most  celebrated  accoucheur  of  that  day,  is, 
his  too  great  fondness  for  using  instruments  when 
the  efforts  of  Nature  were  adequate  to  effect  de- 
livery; and,  at  p.  xi. 'of  Dr.  Burton's  Table  of 
Contents,  prefixed  to  his  Letter  to  William  Smellie, 
M.D.,  eight  references  are  given  to  passages  prdv- 
ing  "  that  Smellie  uses  instruments,  when  delivery 
may  be  safely  performed  without."  It  is  true 
that,  in  Dr.  Burton's  own  work  (An  Essay,  Sfc.t 
1751,  Postscript),  figures  are  given  of  the  author's 
forceps;  but  it  was  no  newly-invented  instru-, 
ment,  merely  a  modification  invented  by  the  au- 
thor as  being  safer  and  better  than  the  forceps 
then  in  use  by  all  practitioners  of  midwifery. 

The  Letter  to  Dr.  Smellie  (1753)  is  an  octavo 
of  250  pages,  and  consists  of  a  thorough  dissec- 
tion of  Dr.  Smellie's  celebrated  work.  Burton 
was  evidently  a  good  Greek  and  Latin  scholar, 
and  had  read  the  original  works  of  the  most  cele- 
brated obstetric  writers ;  whereas,  he  proves  that 
Smellie,  while  making  a  great  parade  of  learning, 
had  really  got  all  his  knowledge  of  these  writers 
at  second  hand.  Among  other  criticisms,  Burton 
unmercifully  ridicules  Smellie  for  what  was  cer- 
tainly an  absurd  blunder.  He  had  found,  in  a 
compendium  published  by  Spachius  in  1597,  an 
engraving  with  this  title,  "  Lithopsedii  Senonensis 
[con."  It  is  the  figure  of  a  so-called  "  petrified 
child,"  taken  from  its  mother ;  and  Smellie,  mis-, 
understanding  the  inscription,  forthwith  enrolled 
'  Lithopsedus  Senonensis "  among  his  obstetric 
authorities  ! 

Sterne  must  have  read  the  work  of  Smellie 
("Adrianus  Smelvogt,"  he  calls  him),  and  had 
copied  into  the  text  of  Tristram  Shandy  this  ludi- 
crous mistake.  I  have  not  at  hand  any  edition  of 
Tristram  published  in  the  author's  life-time ;  and, 
herefore,  do  not  know  whether  the  foot-note  to 
chap.  xliv.  (vol.  i.)  was  added  by  Sterne  himself. 
If  it  were,  it  is  evident  that  he  had  also  been 
reading  Burton's  Letter,  Sfc. ;  for  Smellie's  mis- 
take is  corrected  in  the  very  words  of  Burton,  but 
with  some  mis-spelling,  and  a  wrongly  copied  date. 

"  The  account  of  it,"  says  Burton,  "  as  published  by 
Albosius,  in  1582,  in  octavo,  may  be  seen  at  the  end  of 
Cordaeus's  works  in  Spachius."  —  See  note  to  chap.  xliv. 
vol.  i.  of  Tristram  Shandy. 


3'*  S.  V.  MAY  21,  '64.  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


415 


Smellie's  Treatise  on  the  Theory  and  Practice  of 
Midwifery  was  published  in  1752;  Burton's  Let- 
ter to  William  Smettie,  M.D.,  in  1753  ;  and  the 
first  volume  of  Tristram  Shandy  in  1759. 

As  an  "illustration  of  Sterne,"  I  may  here 
quote  an  instance  in  which,  having  got  hold  of  a 
dry  fact,  he  has  given  it  a  ludicrous  turn  by  means 
of  a  new  simile.  Smellie  had  said  (Treatise,  #*c., 
p.  90):- 

'*  And  in  all  laborious  cases,  the  vertex  comes  down, 
and  is  lengthened  in  form  of  a  sugar-loaf,  nine- and- forty 
times  in  fifty  instances" 

"  My  father,"  says  Tristram  (vol.  i.  chap,  xliv.),  "who 
dipped  into  all  kinds  of  books,  upon  looking  into  Litho- 
pcedus  Senonensis  de  Partu  Dijfitili,  published  by  Adria- 
nus  Smelvogt,  had  found  out  that  ...  it  so  happened 
that,  in  49  instances  out  of  50,  the  said  head  was  com- 
pressed, and  moulded  into  the  shape  of  an  oblong  conical 
piece  of  dough,  such  as  a  pastrycook  generally  rolls  up  in 
order  to  make  a  pye  of." 

Mr.  Fitzgerald  says,  that  Dr.  Burton  "went  to 
Oxford,  but  took  a  degree  at  a  foreign  university." 
Is  this  the  case  ?  On  the  title-page  of  his  Trea- 
tise on  the  Non-Naturals,  he  figures  as  "  M.  B. 
Cantab,  and  M.D.  Rhem."  And  in  the  preface 
to  the  same  work,  he  says  :  — 

"  I  have  not  wholly  misemployed  the  time  spent  by 
me  at  Leyden  and  at  Cambridge." 

The  following  works,  by  Burton,  are  now  be- 
fore me  :  — 

1.  "  A  Treatise  on  the  Non-Naturals,   in  which  the 
great  Influence  they  have  on  Human  Bodies  is  set  forth, 
and  mechanically  accounted  for,  &c.    By  John  Burton, 
M.B.  Cantab,  and  M.D.  Rhem.    York,  1738.    8vo." 

This  is  not,  as  Mr.  Fitzgerald  calls  it  (p.  273), 
"a  singular  metaphysical  work,"  but  is  wholly 
physiological  in  its  character — describing  the  ef- 
fects on  the  human  body  of  what  in  those  days 
were  called  the  "  Non-Naturals." 

2.  "An  Essay  towards  a  complete  New  System  of 
Midwifry  [szc],  Theoretical  and  Practical,  &c.,  &c.    By 
John  Burton,  M.D.    London,  1751.    8vo." 

Mr.  Fitzgerald  states  that  this  volume  is 
"  ushered  in  by  complimentary  letters  from  various 
learned  societies."  This  is  a  mistake ;  there  is  not 
one  such  letter.  The  volume  begins  with  a  dedi- 
cation—" To  the  President  and  Members  of  the 
Royal  Society  at  London,  and  of  the  Medical 
Society  of  Edinburgh  : "  and  the  writer  states, 
that  "  some  of  the  improvements  and  new  dis- 
coveries in  the  practice  of  midwifery,  therein  men- 
tioned, have  already  been  laid  before  your  respec- 
tive Societies."  The  passage  next  quoted  by  Mr. 
Fitzgerald  (p.  269),  beginning  — "But  for  those 
people  " — is  from  the  preface  to  the  Essay ;  and 
from  the  body  of  that  work  (p.  231),  Mr.  Fitz- 
gerald's last  quotation  is  taken  :  "  As  I  have  always 
professed  myself  an  advocate,"  &c. 

3.  "  Letter  to  William  Smellie,  M.D. ;  containing  Cri- 
tical and  Practical  Remarks  upon  his  Treatise  on  the 


Theory  and  Practice  of  Midwifery.    By  John  Burton, 
M.D.    London,  1753.    8vo." 

It  is  at  page  21  of  this  letter,  that  Burton  ex- 
poses Smellie's  ludicrous  mistake  about  Litho- 
pcedus.  JAYDEE. 


THE  SERAGLIO  LIBRARY. — It  is  to  be  regretted 
that  no  learned  European  has  been  able  to  obtain 
admission  to  the  library  of  the  seraglio  at  Con- 
stantinople. By  the  aid  of  a  firman  and  buck- 
shish,  I  found  no  difficulty,  with  other  English 
travellers,  in  entering  the  precincts  of  the  palace, 
through  the  gateway  called  the  Sublime  Porte, 
and  visiting  therein  the  convent  of  Sta  Irene,  now 
the  Sultan's  armoury,  his  majesty's  bath,  the 
room  containing  his  pedigree,  from  the  portraits 
on  which  Prince  Demetrius  Cantemir  obtained 
the  illustrations  for  his  History  of  the  Othman 
Empire.  I  am  certain  that  no  difficulty  would  be 
opposed  to  the  explorations  of  any  fair  savante 
possessed  of  sufficient  courage  to  make  a  pilgrim- 
age to  Stamboul  for  the  purpose  of  examining  the 
literary  treasures  in  the  library.  It  is  believed  to 
contain,  among  other  precious  works,  one  hundred 
and  twenty  of  Constantine's  MSS.  in  folio,  the 
original  gospel  of  St.  Matthew  in  Hebrew,  the 
lost  decads  of  Livy,  and,  according  to  Constantine 
Lascaris,  the  missing  books  of  Diodorus  Siculus. 

"  Abbate  Toderini  procured  a  copy  of  the  catalogue  of 
the  Seraglio  Library,  which  was  taken  in  forty  days  by  a 
page  of  the  court  with  the  utmost  secresy.  He  gives  it 
with  a  translation  in  his  treatise  Delia  Letteratura  Tur- 
chesca,  t.  ii.  p.  53. 

"  De  la  Valle,  who  visited  Constantinople  two  centuries 
ago,  remarks  that  the  decads  of  Livy  were  then  said  to 
be  in  the  library.  The  Grand  Duke  of  Florence  offered 
5000  piastres  for  the  MS.,  and  the  Bailo  of  Venice  doubled 
the  offer,  but  it  could  not  be  found."—  Viaggi,  p.  267,  4to. 

H.  C. 

ARCHBISHOP  JOHN  AND  BISHOP  JAMES  SPOT- 
TISWOOD.  —  The  following  extract  from  the  adver- 
tisement prefixedto  Sir  Alexander  Boswell's  Breefe 
Memoriall  of  the  Lyfe  and  Death  of  Doctor  James 
Spottiswood,  Bishop  of  Clogher  in  Ireland,  8fC. 
(4to,  Edinburgh,  1811),  is,  I  think,  worthy  of  ob- 
servation :  — 

the  Memorial 
was  the  second 

son  of  Mr.  John  Spottiswood,  a  prominent  character  at 
the  time  of  the  Reformation  in  Scotland,  and  one  of  the 
first  provincial  Superintendants.  In  the  Life  of  th« 
Archbishop  of  St.  Andrew's,  prefixed  to  his  History,  it  is 
remarkable  that  there  is  no  mention  made  of  his  brother, 
the  Bishop  of  Clogher ;  there  is,  however,  reason  to  sur- 
mise that,  in  some  particulars,  his  biographer  was  per- 
plexed by  the  story  of  the  two  brothers,  and  has  ascribed 
to  the  elder  what  peculiarly  belonged  to  the  younger. 
There  was,  indeed,  a  singular  coincidence  in  their  for- 
tunes. At  the  University  of  Glasgow  they  both  were 
distinguished  for  early  and  uncommon  acquirements; 
both  afterwards  became  favourites  at  court,  and  were 
raised  to  high  ecclesiastical  preferments ;  both,  harassed 
by  the  prevailing  spirit  of  the  times,  were  driven,  at  the 


"  James  Spottiswood,  Bishop  of  Clogher, 
of  whose  life  is  now  given  to  the  public,  wf 


416 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


V.  MAY  21,  '64. 


close  of  life,  the  one  from  Scotland  and  the  other  from 
Ireland,  to  seek  refuge  in  London,  and  were  buried  side 
by  side  in  Westminster  Abbey." 

ABHBA. 

EPITAPHS  ON  DOGS.  —  I  wish  to  preserve  the 
memory  of  three  of  my  dogs  in  a  more  enduring 
manner  than  by  the  marble  slabs  on  which  their 
epitaphs  are  engraved  :  — 

MOCO. 
Hoc  in  loco 
Jacet  Moco ; 
Frustra  voco 
Moco,  Moco ! 

UNA. 

E  pluribus  Una. 

SPOT. 
Tache  sans  tache. 

Q.D. 

DOR. — In  his  sermon,  Mystical  Bedlam,  Thomas 
Adams  speaks  of  "  a  practical  frenzy ;  a  roving, 
wandering,  vagrant,  extravagant  course,  which 
knows  not  which  way  to  fly  nor  where  to  light, 
except  like  a  dor  in  dunghill."  Of  dor,  the  editor 
of  Nichol's  edition  of  the  works  of  Puritan  divines, 
says  that  he  supposes  it  is  a  dormouse.  Had  he 
consulted  Bailey,  he  would  not  have  further  con- 
fused the  preacher's  imagery  by  turning  an  insect 
into  quadruped,  as  we  are  told  that  Dor  is  a  drone 
bee.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

EXTRAORDINARY  EPITAPH. — The  following  epi- 
taph is  still  to  be  seen  in  the  graveyard  of  the 
Covenanting  Meeting  House  at  Bailie's  Mill,  in 
the  parish  of  Drumbeg,  county  of  Down.  It  may 
tend  to  show  the  feeling  respecting  the  Solemn 
League  and  Covenant  which  still  lingers  in  some 
parts  of  the  north  of  Ireland :  — 

"  Underneath  lies  the  body  of  WILLIAM  GRAHAM,  of 
Creevy,  who  died  in  Feb?,  1828,  in  the  63rd  year  of  his 
age. 

"  The  following  sentences,  written  by  himself,  are  in- 
scribed at  his  own  request :  — 

"  First.  I  leave  my  testimony  against  all  the  errors  of 
Popery  which  constitute  the  Man  of  Sin  and  Son  of  Per- 
dition.  Whom  my  Lord  shall  destroy  by  the  brightness 
of  his  coming. 

"  Secondly.  Against  Prelacy  now  set  on  the  throne  of 
Britain,  which  shall  shortly  fall  like  Dagon  by  the  sword 
of  Him  who  sits  on  the  white  horse.  For  this  end,  Oh 
thou  Mighty  God,  gird  thy  sword  upon  thy  thigh,  and 
thy  right-hand  shall  teach  Thee  terrible  things. 

"  Thirdly.  I  testify  against  all  who  deal  falsely  in  the 
cause  of  Christ ;  all  who  own  the  Covenant  National  and 
Solemn  League,  and  yet  sware  allegiance  to  the  support 
of  Prelacy.  Oh  Lord,  take  to  Thee  and  rule  the  Nations, 
and  destroy  these  two  great  Idols,  Popery  and  Prelacy, 
with  that  rod  of  Iron  Thou  hast  received  from  Thy 
Father. 

"  Lastly.  I  testify  against  all  opposers  of  the  Coven 


their  blood. 
"  Arise,  Oh  Lord,  and  plead  thy  own  cause." 

D.  S.  E. 


BARONY  OP  MORDAUNT.  —  I  have  fallen  in  at 
different  times  with  more  than  one  person  —  not 
in  high  life  —  that  claimed  to  be  entitled  to  the 
ancient  Barony  of  Mordaunt.  The  last  person 
that  bore  the  title  was  the  late  Duke  of  Gordon,  on 
whom  the  right  descended  from  the  daughter  of 
Charles,  third  Earl  of  Peterborough.  Any  claimant 
that  now  appears  must  evidently  have  to  trace 
his  descent  from  some  more  remote  ancestor. 
John,  the  first  Earl  of  Peterborough,  who  died  in 
1642,  had  two  sons —  1.  Henry,  second  Earl;  2. 
John,  created  Viscount  Mordaunt  of  Avalon, 
whose  eldest  son  Charles  became  (on  the  death  of 
his  uncle)  third  Earl  of  Peterborough  ;  and  one 
daughter,  Elizabeth,  who  married  the  second 
Lord  Howard  of  Escrick. 

John,  Viscount  Mordaunt,  had,  besides  his 
eldest  son  Charles,  three  sons  and  four  daughters. 
The  male  line  is  extinct,  but  if  there  are  any 
descendants  through  females,  I  conceive  that  the 
barony  must  now  be  vested  in  them. 

In  default  of  descendants  from  John  Viscount 
Mordaunt,  we  must  turn  next  to  his  sister,  who 
married  the  second  Lord  Howard  of  Escrick. 
Here,  too,  the  male  line  has  become  extinct,  in 
the  person  of  Charles,  fourth  Lord  Howard,  who 
died  in  1714. 

It  thus  appears  that  any  claimants  descended 
from  John,  first  Earl  of  Peterborough,  must  trace 
their  descent  through  females.  Supposing  there 
to  be  none  such,  we  must  carry  our  inquiry  a 
generation  higher  up,  and  ascend  from  the  first 
Earl  of  Peterborough  to  his  father  Henry,  fourth 
Lord  Mordaunt,  who  died  in  1608.  What  sons 
or  daughters  he  may  have  had  I  know  not,  but  it 
is  clear  that  any  claimants  of  the  name  of  Mor- 
daunt must  trace  their  descent  either  from  him,  or 
from  one  of  his  three  predecessors  in  the  barony. 
I  believe  that  the  ancestor  of  the  present  baronet, 
Sir  Charles  Mordaunt,  was  only  collaterally  re- 
lated to  the  first  baron.  P.  S.  C. 

SHAKSPEARE'S  PORTRAITS.  —  It  is  customary 
with  most  critics  and  good  judges  to  reject  all 
portraits  of  Shakspeare  which  do  not  represent  him 
as  bald,  and  as  he  appears  in  Droeshout's  print,  on 
the  plea  that  if  he  were  bald  when  comparatively 
a  young  man,  it  is  not  likely  he  would  have  a 
thick  head  of  hair  in  later  life.  A  passage  in 
Granger's  Hist,  of  England,  quoted  from  Hentz- 
ner  (a  cotemporary  writer),  seems  however  to 
smooth  the  difficulty.  It  states  "  that  the  English, 
in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth,  cut  the  hair  close  on  the 
middle  of  the  head,  but  suffered  it  to  grow  on 
either  side."  Might  not  Shakspeare  have  fol- 
lowed the  Elizabethan  fashion  as  long  as  it,  lasted, 
and  afterwards,  as  he  lived  during  thirteen  years 
of  the  reign  of  James  I.,  have  adopted  the  style  of 
hair  subsequently  introduced  ?  In  support  of  this 
theory, Ht  is  remarkable  that  all  the  so-called  por- 


3"»  S.  V.  MAY  21,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


417 


traits  of  Shakspeare  having  a  full  head  of  hair, 
represent  a  much  older  man  than  those  which,  for 
the  sake  of  distinction,  may  be  denominated  the 
"  bald  portraits  ;  "  thus  both  may  be  genuine 
though  not  alike.  FENTONIA. 


LETTER  TO  THE  KNIGHT  OF  KERRY. 

The  Knight  of  Kerry  presents  his  compliments 
to  the  Editor  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  and  would  feel  much 
obliged  if  he  or  any  of  his  correspondents  would 
help  him  to  discover  the  writer  of  the  letter,  of 
which  he  begs  to  enclose  a  copy.  This  letter  was 
addressed  to  his  father,  the  late  "  Right  Hon.  M. 
Fitzgerald,  Knight  of  Kerry,"  Feb.  20,  1812,  and 
was  endorsed  by  him  "  A.  T."  or  "  A.  I."  It  im- 
mediately followed  one  of  the  previous  day  from 
Lord  Moira  (afterwards  Marquis  of  Hastings)  on 
the  same  subject.  The  points  established  as  to 
the  person  whose  name  I  seek,  are  these.  His 
initials  are  either  "  A.  T."  or  "  A.  I."  (more  like 
the  former).  He  must  have  been  an  intimate  of 
the  Prince  Regent,  or  of  those  immediately  about 
him,  a  personal  friend  of  Lord  Moira's,  a  strong 
Whig,  and  a  strenuous  advocate  of  the  R.  C. 
Question.  These  indications,  imperfect  as  they 
are,  may  possibly  enable  some  of  the  survivors  of 
that  period  to  identify  the  writer. 

8,  Leinster  Street,  Dublin. 

"London,  20  Feb.  1812. 
"  My  dear  Sir,  — 

"  Before  this  reaches  you,  you  will  have  heard 
that  the  game  is  up  !  I  saw  a  copy  of  the  letter 
addressed  to  you  yesterday.*  I  like  every  part  of 
it  but  that  which  includes  the  word  *  sincere  ;  ' 
from  any  other  person  it  would  convey  an  insult  — 
from  him,  much  as  he  is  mortified,  disappointed, 
and  his  feelings  lacerated  by  such  conduct  as 
he  has  witnessed,  yet  he  believes  the  expression. 
You  will  have  difficulty  in  making  others  think 
with  him  on  that  point.  The  noble  part  the 
writer  of  the  letter  to  you  has  taken  —  the  honest, 
the  friendly,  the  disinterested  part  he  has  acted  — 
is  the  theme  of  everybody's  conversation  ;  it  has 
all,  however,  failed  in  making  any  impression  in 
the  quarterf  where  so  much  was  expected.  The 
most  gloomy  prospect  opens  itself  in  every  point 
of  view.  God  send  you  may  continue  quiet  on 
your  side  of  the  water.  Everything  here  is  dis- 
gusting, and  nothing  arising  from  weak  heads  and 
worse  hearts  is  likely  to  be  wanting  to  fill  up  the 
measure.  The  conduct  of  the  real  friends  of  the 
Constitution  is  firm,  united,  and  hitherto  without  a 
single  instance  of  desertion  ;  and  we  may  still  be 
allowed  to  hope  that  such  a  union  of  talents  and 
virtue  will  succeed  in  their  well-meant  endeavours 
to  save  the  country  from  utter  destruction.  I  had 

*  By  Lord  Moira.  f  The  Prince  Regent. 


a  long  conversation  with  the  writer  of  the  letter 
this  morning ;  I  wish  the  substance  of  it  could  be 
safely  conveyed.  You  were  spoken  of  flatter- 
ingly. I  suppose  you  will  soon  be  called  on  to 
attend  your  Parliamentary  duty. 

"Believe  me,  Dear  Sir, 

"  Yours  sincerely 

"  THURSDAY. 

"  Rt.  Hon.  Maurice  Fitz  Gerald, 
"  Knight  of  Kerry." 


ANONYMOUS. — Can  you  inform  me  who  is  the 
author  of — 

"  The  Revelation  of  S.  John  considered  as  alluding  to 
certain  services  of  the  Jewish  Temple ;  according  to  which 
the  visions  are  stated,  as  well  in  respect  to  the  objects 
represented,  as  to  the  order  in  which  they  appeared  "  ? 

The  Dedication  is  "  To  the  Right  Hon.  Lady 

,"  and  is   signed  "  Jno  M D."      London, 

1787.  NEWINGTONENSIS. 

BASSETS  or  NORTH  MORTON.  —  I  should  feel 
obliged  if  anyone  can  inform  me  whether  the 
monuments  in  North  Morton  church,  in  Berk- 
shire, of  the  Stapilton  family  are  in  existence. 

The  Bassets  were  formerly  lords  of  the  soil. 
Jordan  Basset,  living  1st  of  Rich.  I.,  had  three 
sons — 1.  Miles,  2.  Jordan,  3.  Henry.  Miles,  the 
eldest  son,  living  36th  of  Henry  III.,  the  48th  of 
Henry  III.,  was  Lord  of  North  Morton,  Berks, 
and  Hathalsey,  co.  York.  His  daughter  and  heir 
married  Nicholas  Stapleton,  living  in  the  52nd  of 
Henry  III.  died  between  the  18th  and  21st  of 
Edw.  I. 

Miles  Stapleton,  his  son  and  heir,  ob.  8th  of 
Edw.  II.  He  married  Sibel,  daughter  and  coheir 
of  John  de  Bellew,  and  had  two  sons,  Nicholas  and 
Gilbert.  Nicholas's  son  and  heir,  ob.  1 7th  of  Edw. 
III.  Issue  no«w  extinct  in  the  male  line.  Gilbert, 
second  son,  Lord  of  North  Morton,  married  Agnes, 
daughter  and  coheir  of  Brian  Fitzalan,  Lord  of 
Bedale,  and  had  issue. 

What  are  the  arms  of  Basset  of  North  Morton? 
If  any  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  would  send  me 
the  inscriptions,  arms,  &c.  of  the  Stnpleton  and 
Basset  families  in  the  Stapleton  chantry,  in  North 
Morton  church,  I  shall  feel  much  indebted. 

JULIA  R.  BOCKETT. 

Bradney,  Burghfield,  Reading. 

HENRY  BUDD,  the  king's  receiver  of  Guernsey, 
and  more  than  thirty  years  a  resident  in  that 
island,  made  collections  from  which  was  compiled 
The  History  of  the  Island  of  Guernsey,  by  Wil- 
liam Berry,  Lond.  4to,  1815.  The  date  of  Mr. 
Budd's  death  will  oblige  S.  Y.  R. 

CALTON.  —  Everyone  acquainted  with  Glasgow 
knows  the  district  of  it  that  bears  the  name  of 
Calton.  There  is  in  Edinburgh  an  equally  well 
known  Calton,  from  which  the  Calton  Hill  derives 


418 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  s.  V.  MAY  21,  '64. 


its  name.  What  is  the  etymology  of  this  word  ? 
We  find  many  Miltons,  that  is,  Mill-towns ;  but 
what  is  the  origin  of  Calton  ?  KIZA. 

THE  LIFE  AND  VIRTUES  or  DONA  LUISA  DE 
CARVA JAL  Y  MENDOZA.  —  I  am  very  anxious  to 
obtain  the  loan  of  the  following  valuable  work 
in  Spanish ;  if  you  or  any  of  your  readers  could 
inform  me  where  this  volume  could  be  borrowed 
for  a  few  weeks,  I  should  be  extremely  obliged. 
This  is  the  title  :  — 

"  Yida  y  Virtudes  de  la  Venerable  Virgen,  Dona  Luisa 
de  Carvajal  y  Mendoza;  su  Jornada  a  Inglaterra  y  Suc- 
cesses en  aquel  Reyno."  For  el  Licenciado  Luis  Munoz. 
Madrid,  1632." 

Southey,  in  his  Letters  written  during  a  Journey 
in  Spain,  and  a  Short  Residence  in  Portugal  (vol. 
i.  p.  259,  ed.  London,  1808),  gives  a  very  interest- 
ing epitome  of  the  work.  It  is  now  exceedingly 
scarce  even  in  Spain.  A  gentleman  wishes  to 
translate  it  into  English.  J.  DALTON. 

St.  John's,  Norwich. 

THE  CUCKOO  SONG.  —  Are  the  two  notes  of  the 
cuckoo  always  of  the  same  pitch  ?  I  heard  them, 
for  the  first  time  this  year,  on  the  1st  instant,  and 
ascertained  them  by  my  pianoforte  to  be  K  natural 
and  C  sharp.  R,  W.  D. 

HEIRS  WANTED.  —  Has  there  ever  been  an  in- 
stance in  Scotland,  within  the  last  fifty  years,  of 
a  large  estate  falling  to  the  Crown  for  want  of 
heirs  to  inherit.  I  remember,  when  in  the  High- 
lands ten  or  twelve  years  ago,  hearing  of  some 
estates,  somewhere,  for  which  no  heir  could  be 
found.  SIGMA-THETA. 

FOREIGN  POSTAGE  STAMPS. — Being  a  collector 
of  foreign  and  old  stamps  for  a  literary  purpose, 
may  I,  through  your  medium,  ask  some  of  the 
readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  if  any  of  them  feel  inclined 
to  do  any  exchange  with  me,  as  I  am  anxious  to 
make  a  rare  collection,  and  thereby  have  many 
duplicates  to  dispose  of?  If  I  could  find  any  one 
to  exchange  with  me,  or  if  they  would  collect 
stamps  for  me,  I  would  give  any  information, 
heraldic  or  historic,  or  aught  else  they  may  re- 

?uire  in   return  for  it  at  the  British  Museum, 
f  anybody,  wishing  to  enter  into  my  offer  will 
answer  me  in  "  JST.  &  Q."  firstly,  I  will  give  them 
my  address  and  name  afterwards.          STEMPEL. 

HOGARTH. —The  origin  of  this  name  is  a  puzzle 
worthy  of  solution  by  «N.  &  Q."  I  find  no 
less  than  four  different  origins  assigned  to  it. 
Thus  Drs.  Nicholson  and  Burn  {History  and  An- 
tiquities of  Westmoreland  and  Cumberland)  in  their 
account  of  the  parish  of  Kirkby-Thore,  state  that 
the  name  originated  in  the  parish,  and  was  merely 
the  Saxon  Hog -herd.  Again,  Mr.  C.  Innes  (Con- 
cerning  some  Scotch  Surnames,  p.  47),  makes  it 
equivalent  to  Hagart;  and  says  it  is  a  name  de- 
rived from  a  Scotch  place.  Arthews,  an  American 
writer  on  family  names,  says  it  comes  from  the 


Dutch,  and  I  think  Mr.  Lower  agrees  with  him. 
And,  lastly,  "  N.  &  Q."  itself  (2nd  S.  x.  417)  states 
that  there  are  many  names  where  art  or  arth  are 
from  the  O.  G.,  hart,  fortis,  as  Hogarth — very 
thoughtful,  careful,  or  prudent!!  Is  the  name 
Saxon  or  Scotch,  Gothic  or  Dutch,  or  what  ?  Is 
not  Hogard  a  common,  or  at  least  tolerably  com- 
mon, French  surname  ? 

I  find  the  name  in  Scotland  as  early  as  1494 
(see  Acta  Dom.  Concilii  et  Auditorum)  spelt  Ho- 
gert;  and  in  the  parishes  of  Hutton  and  Fishwick, 
Berwickshire  (see  "  K  &  Q."  2nd  S.  viii.  325),  it 
is  spelt  Hogard  invariably  at  the  beginning  of  the 
eighteenth  century. 

I  am  anxious  to  connect  John  Hogarth  at 
Greenknowe,  parish  of  Gordon,  Berwickshire 
(born  1648),  with  the  Hutton  family.  Some  of 
his  descendants  appear  in  the  latter  neighbour- 
hood about  the  middle  of  the  eighteenth  century. 

SIGMA-THETA. 

MR.  JAMESON.  —  Wanted  some  biographical 
particulars  regarding  Mr.  Jameson  of  the  legal 
profession,  who  was  author  of  two  or  three  come- 
dies, A  Touch  at  the  Times ;  Students  of  Salamanca, 
&c.  The  latter  was  acted  at  Covent  Garden  in 
Jan.  1813;  the  epilogue  being  written  by  James 
Smith,  one  of  the  authors  of  the  Rejected  Ad- 
dresses. IOTA. 

SIR  JAMES  JAY,  KNT.,  M.D.,  was  author  of — 

1.  "  A  Letter  to  the  Governors  of  the  College  of  New 
York,  respecting  the  collection  that  was  made  in  this 
kingdom,  in  1762  and  3,  for  the  Colleges  of  Philadelphia 
and  New  York.      To   which   are   added,    Explanatory 
Notes  and  an  Appendix,  containing  the  Letters  which 
passed  between  Mr.  Alderman  Trecothick  and  the  Author. 
Lond.  8vo,  1771." 

2.  "  Reflections  and  Observations  on  the  Gout.    Lond. 
8vo,  1772." 

3.  "  A  Letter  to  the  Universities  of  Oxford  and  Cam- 
bridge, &c.  in  respect  to  the  Collection  that  was  made 
for  the  Col  leges  of  New  York  and  Philadelphia;  being  a 
Vindication  of  the  Author,  occasioned  by  the  groundless 
insinuations  and  very  illiberal  brhaviour  of  Mr.  Alder- 
man Trecothick :  with  authentic  evidences.    Lond.  8vo, 
1773." 

Where  was  Sir  James  Joy  knighted  ?  Where 
did  he  procure  his  degree  of  M.D.  ?  When  and 
where  did  he  die  ?  S.  Y.  K. 

T.  J.  OUSELEY.  —  This  gentleman,  who  pub- 
lished several  volumes  of  poetry,  was  formerly 
editor  of  a  newspaper  in  Liverpool.  Can  any  of 
3rour  readers  give  me  his  present  address  ? 

IOTA. 

"  LIKE  PATIENCE  ON  A  MONUMENT." — We,  who 
are  acquainted  with  the  Virtues  and  Graces  who 
figure  on  the  monuments  of  the  later  Stuart  and 
Georgian  periods,  have  many  times  seen  Patience, 
or  at  all  events,  Resignation  on  a  monument.  But 
where  did  Shakspeare  see  it  ?  My  experience 
may  be  small,  but  I  do  not  remember  any 


8«»S.  V.  MAY  21, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


419 


sculptured  passions  on  the  monuments  to  be  seen 
in  Shakspeare's  time.  Can  any  of  your  readers 
•  help  me  to  some?  The  little  figures  round  an 
altar  tomb  are  sometimes  called  "weepers,"  but 
they  are  dressed  in  the  costume  of  the  day,  and 
do  not  look  as  if  intended  to  represent  an  abstract 
quality  like  Patience.  P.  P. 

EDWARD  POLHILL,  ESQ.,  of  Burwash,  Sussex, 
an  able  theological  writer  (who  is  noticed  in 
"  N.  &  Q."  1st  S.  vi.  460,  563),  died  in  or  shortly 
before  1694.  Sussex  can  boast  of  several  diligent 
and  able  antiquaries  who  communicate  with  this 
journal;  I  hope,  therefore,  the  precise  date  of 
Mr.  Polhill's  death  may  be  supplied.  S.  Y.  R. 

MRS.  MARIA  ELIZA  RUNDELL.  —  I  have  some 
rather  interesting  documents  in  the  handwriting 
of  this  lady,  drawn  up,  as  I  imagine,  about  eighty 
or  ninety  years  ago,  and  containing  sundry  parti- 
culars of  Dr.  Leach  of  Edinburgh,  Mr.  Abernethy, 
Mr.  (afterwards  Dr.)  Harris  Dunsford,  and  others. 
Can  you  tell  me  who  she  was?  A  deep  sense  of 
religion  appears  to  have  influenced  her  doings ; 
and  I  am  anxious  to  know  more  about  her. 

I  may  add,  that  amongst  Mrs.  Rundell's  papers 
which  lately  came  into  my  possession,  I  have 
found  a  long  and  very  interesting  letter  to  a  medical 
friend  (whose  name  does  not  appear)  from  Char- 
lotte Elizabeth  Tonna,  in  which  she  gives  many 
details  of  her  own  history ;  a  curious  note,  appa- 
rently to  the  same  physician,  from  the  Rev.  Henry 
Blunt :  and  the  draft  of  a  prospectus  issued  in  the 
year  1821  by  "  Mr.  John  St.  John  Long,  Histori- 
cal and  Portrait  Painter,  the  only  pupil  of  Daniel 
Richardson,  Esq.,  late  of  Dublin,"  then  seeking 
employment  in  Limerick,  and  subsequently  well- 
known  elsewhere  in  a  different  capacity.  A 
former  owner  has  endorsed  the  document  with 
these  words  :  "  Mr.  John  St.  John  Long,  Portrait 
Painter  and  Quack  Doctor."  ABHBA. 

SEALING-WAX  REMOVED,  ETC. — Can  any  of  your 
readers  give  me  a  recipe  for  removing  sealing-wax 
from  old  letters  preparatory  to  their  being  bound, 
when  the  seal  is  of  no  value  ?  And  can  any  of 
them  tell  me  what  is  the  best  material  for  forming 
a  matrix,  and  taking  a  cast  of  some  valuable  old 
seals  attached  to  ancient  legal  documents  ? 

A.  E.  L. 

SENTENCES  CONTAINING  BUT  ONE  VOWEL. — 
Where  can  I  find  a  paragraph  containing  several 
sentences,  in  each  of  which  only  one  vowel,  "  I," 
is  used?  The  paragraph  commences  nearly  as 
follows :  — 

"  This  Dick  is  high  in  hia  mind.    la  tht's  instinct?  " 

Are  any  instances  known  of  similar  paragraphs  in 
our  or  in  any  other  languase  ?  I  saw  this  para- 
graph in  the  Naval  and  Military  Gazette,  in,  or 
previous  to,  the  year  1840,  but  no  reference  was 
given  as  to  its  author.  EIN  FRAGER. 


SEPTUAGINT. — Dr.  Henry  Owen  (Enquiry,  $•<;., 
1769),  says,  **  When  the  Jews  began  to  censure 
and  condemn  the  Septuagint  Version,  and  in  con- 
sequence thereof,  to  correct  and  model  it  to  their 
Hebrew  copies,  there  is  reason  to  suspect  that 
where  a  word,  by  similarity  of  letters,  was  capable 
of  being  read  differently,  they  changed  the  Greek 
to  the  worse  reading"  (p.  29).  And  "...  owing 
to  the  iniquity  of  the  Jews,  who  had  no  other  way 
but  by  such  an  interpolation,"  &c.  (p.  31)  ;  and 
"  .  .  .  they  confidently  transposed  some  passages 
and  expunged  others  "  (p.  23). 

Is  there  any  proof  of  this  ?  How  could  all  this 
be  possibly  done  in  the  face  of  all  the  Christians, 
watchful  and  jealous  of  the  integrity  of  the  text? 
and  how  could  it  be  accomplished  in  all  the  MSS.? 

NEWINGTONENSIS. 

SHAKSPEARIAN  CHARACTERS.  —  Among  the 
dramatis  personce  of  the  Second  Part  of  King 
Henry  IV.,  appears  "Travers  and  Morton,  re- 
tainers of  Northumberland."  Turn  to  a  Visitation 
of  Yorkshire'by  Flower,  1584  (Harl.  MS.  1415, 
fol.  34),  and  it  will  be  seen  that  one  William  Bar- 
bour  of  Doncaster  had  three  daughters,  of  whom 

Catherine  married  " Travers,"  and  Alice 

« Morton  of  Bawtrey."  Of  the  Mortons  I 

know  nothing;  but  " Travers"  was  a  Chris- 
topher Travers  of  Doncaster,  who  died  about  Nov. 
1466,  and  was  buried  in  St.  Paul's  Cathedral. 
His  great-grandson,  Thomas  Boseville,  was  born 
previous  to  his  decease.  Therefore,  supposing 
him  to  have  been  (as  there  is  some  probability 
that  he  was)  nearly  ninety  years  old  in  1466,  is  it 
not  possible  that  he  may  have  occupied  the  posi- 
tion chosen  by  our  greatest  dramatist  for  his 
hitherto  unknown  namesake  ?  His  will  (dated 
Nov.  17,  1466),  contains  a  special  bequest  to  John 
Wolding,  his  servant,  of  a  grey  horse,  and  all  his 
"  bows  and  arrows." 

Can  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  tell  me  anything 
relating  to  the  Mortons  of  Bawtrey  ?  H.  J.  S. 

PETER  STEPHENS,  ESQ.  —  I  find  the  following 
article  in  John  Russell  Smith's  Catalogue,  Uo. 
71:  — 

"501.  STEPHENS  (Peter,  Armig.  Com.  Salop.),  150 
Views  in  Itaty,  etched  by  various  Artists,  oblong  4to,  &c. 
&c.,  1767." 

It  is  described  as  "a  curious  and  scarce  vo- 
lume." The  work  is  mentioned  by  Lowndes  (ed. 
Bohn,  2508),  but  he  gives  only  the  initial  letter  of 
the  author's  Christian  name. 

Information  about  this  Mr.  Stephens,  and  any 
other  works  of  his  will  be  acceptable.  S.  Y.  R. 

THOMAS  TOWNSEND,  ESQ.,  barrister- at-law,  of 
Gray's  Inn,  was  author  of  Poems,  8vo,  1796, 
1797,  and  of  several  political  pamphlets,  1796 — 
1801.  His  name  appears  in  the  Biographical 
Dictionary  of  Living  Authors,  1816,  but  I  do  not 


420 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[8«»S.  V.  MAY  21,  '64. 


find  him  in  the  Law  List  for  that  year  (the 
earliest  to  which  I  have  access).  Particulars  re- 
specting him  will  oblige  S.  Y.  R. 

NATHANAEL  WHITING,  of  Northamptonshire, 
admitted  a  pensioner  of  Queen's  College,  Cam- 
bridge, 1  July,  1628;  B.A.  1631-2;  M.A.  1634; 
became  rector  of  Aldwincle,  in  his  native  county, 
in  or  about  1657.  He  was  also  master  of  the 
free  school  there.  He  lost  these  preferments  by 
the  Act  of  Uniformity,  and  subsequently  formed 
a  congregation  at  Crauford.  He  died  without 
children,  and  was  a  benefactor  to  Aldwincle 
school.  We  are  desirous  of  knowing  when  bis 
death  occurred.  He  was  author  of  — 

"  Le  Hore  di  Recreatione ;  or,  the  pleasant  Historie  of 
Albino  and  Bellama,  discovering  the  severall  changes 
in  Cupid's  Journey  to  Hymen's  joyes:  to  which  is  an- 
nexed, II  Insonio  Insonodado;  or,  a  Sleeping- Waking 
Dreame,  vindicating  the  divine  Breath  of  Poesie  from  the 
Tongue  Lashes  of  some  Cynical  Poet  Quippers  and  Stoicall 
Philoprosers.  Lond.  12mo,  1637. 

"  The  Saint's  Triangle  of  Duties,  Deliverances,  and 
Dangers  .  .  .  4to,  1659." 

Lowndes  miscalls  him  Nicholas,  and  Sir  Egerton 
Brydges  (himself  a  Queen's  College  man)  erro- 
neously makes  him  to  have  been  of  King's  Col- 
lege. C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

WORTLEY  SCHOLARSHIP.  —  I  have  heard  on 
good  authority,  but  such  as  I  am  now  unable  to 
avail  myself  of,  that  the  name  of  Wortley  would 
alone  insure  a  scholarship  or  some  similar  benefit 
at  one  of  our  Universities.  May  I  ask  for  the  aid 
of  your  valuable  periodical  in  elucidating  the 
matter,  &c.  ?  S.  E.  WORTLEY. 

SEURAT,  CLAUDE  AMBROISE.  —  Hone's  Every 
Day  Book,  vol.  i.  pp.  1017,  1034.  Will  any 
reader  oblige  by  giving  a  reference  to  some  fur- 
ther account  of  Seurat,  and  the  time  of  his  de- 
cease ?  GLWYSIG. 

JOHN  YEOMANS,  schoolmaster  in  Five-Fields 
Row,  Chelsea,  was  author  of — 

"  The  Abecedarian,  or  Philosophic  Comment  upon  the 
English  Alphabet.  Setting  forth  the  Absurdities  in  the 
present  Custom  of  Spelling,  the  Superfluity  of  Letters  in 
Words,  and  the  great  Confusion  that  their  ill  Names,  and 
double  Meanings  are  of  to  all  Learners.  With  modest  Pro- 
posals for  a  Reformation  of  the  Alphabet,  adapting  special 
Characters  for  that  Purpose,  as  being  the  only  means 
practicable  whereby  to  render  the  same  distinct,  uniform, 
and  universal.  Also,  a  Word  to  the  Reader,  showing  the 
Indignity  of  ill  Habits  in  Lectures,  pointing  out  to  them 
the  Beauties  and  Excellency  of  graceful  and  fine  Reacting. 
Likewise  a  Syllableium,or  Universal  Reading  Table  for 
Beginners,  calculated  after  the  present  Use,  for  the  Way 
of  all  Schools  throughout  the  Kingdom.  Together  with 
a  Discourse  on  the  Word,  orA-Tau,  tetragrammatical,  pre- 
ceding those  Tables.  Lond.  8vo,  1759." 

I  can  find  no  mention  of  this  person  in  Faulk- 
ner's History  <//  Chelsea.  Any  particulars  respect- 
ing him  will  be  acceptable.  '  S.  Y.  R. 


APOCALYPSE.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers  in- 
form me  if  there  is  in  existence  a  book  entitled 
Discourse  Historical  and  Critical  on  the  Reoela- 
tion,  arguing  that  the  whole  book  relates  to  the 
destruction  of  Judsea  and  Jerusalem  ?  It  is  said 
to  be  an  unacknowledged  translation  of  a  work  by 
Firmin  Abauzit.  Is  it  so  ?  NEWINGTONENSIS. 

[This  work  is  entitled  A  Discourse  Historical  and  Cri- 
tical on  the  Revelations  ascribed  to  St.  John.  Lond.  1730, 
8vo.  It  was  published  anonymously,  and  is  a  translation 
of  Firmin  Abauzit's  work,  Discours  Historique  sur  V Apo- 
calypse, written  to  show  that  the  canonical  authority  of 
the  Apocalypse  was  doubtful.  The  learned  Dr.  Leonard 
Twells  replied  to  it,  and  his  answer  was  approved  and 
translated  into  Latin  by  Wolf,  and  inserted  in  his  Curae 
Philologies  et  Critical  in  Novum  Testamentum,  5  torn.  4to, 
Basle,  1741.  On  reading  Dr.  Twells's  reply  Abauzit  was 
satisfied,  and  honourably  wrote  (though  in  vain)  to  stop 
the  reprinting  of  his  work  in  Holland.  There  is  an- 
other translation  of  Abauzit's  Discourse  in  his  Miscel- 
lanies, by  Dr.  E.  Harwood,  Lond.,  8vo,  1774.  Vide 
Orme's  Bibliotheca  Biblica,  1834,  p.  1,  and  Elliott's  Horce 
Apocalypticce,  edit.  1851,  iv.  502.] 

STUART  ADHERENTS.  —  Where  can  I  find  a  list 
of  noblemen  and  gentlemen,  in  the  reign  of  George 
L,  upon  whose  estates  fines  were  levied,  or  who 
were  brought  to  trial  for  participating  in  the  plots 
to  restore  the  Stuarts  ?  J.  P. 

[The  following  work  may  be  consulted,  "  Names  of  the 
Roman  Catholics,  Nonjurors,  and  others  who  refused  to 
take  the  Oaths  to  his  late  Majesty  King  George,  together 
with  their  Titles,  Additions,  and  Places  of  Abode,  with 
other  curious  Information,  from  an  original  manuscript. 
[By  James  Cosin.]  Lond.  8vo,  1745."] 

PORTRAIT  OP  KING  JOHN  (OF  ENGLAND). —  Is 
there  any  authentic  portrait  of  this  monarch  ?  If 
so,  where  is  it  to  be  seen  ?  Any  engraving  ?  r. 

[Vertue's  engraving  is  common,  taken  from  the  tomb 
of  King  John  at  Worcesler,  and  which  very  nearly  re- 
sembles the  broad  seal  of  him.  In  the  first  vol.  of  Evans's 
Catalogue  of  Portraits;  it  is  priced  at  Is.  fol.  In  the  same 
Catalogue  is  advertised  a  great  variety  at  6d  each.] 

GREEK  TESTAMENT. — What  is  the  history  of 
the  Greek  Testament  — 

"  Post  priores  Steph.  Curcellsei  .  .  .  labores ;  quibus 
.  .  .  variantes  lectiones  .  .  .  exhibentur  ...  ex  MS0 
Vindobonensi .  . .  Amstelaedami,  ex  officina  Wetsteniana, 
1711"? 

It  is  a  small  8vo,  with  a  frontispiece,  and  the 
Prolegomena  and  notes  are  written  by  "  G.  D.  T. 
M.  D.,"  whose  name  is  sought. 

HERUS  FRATER. 

[There  are  two  editions  of  this  Greek  Testament,  1711, 
1735,  small  8vo ;  but  the  second  is  said  to  be  the  most 
accurate.  The  editor  of  the  first  (1711)  was  Gerard  Von 


3"tS.V.  MAY  21, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


421 


Maestricht  (Gerardus  De  Trajecto  Moste  Doctor),  a  syn- 
dic of  the  republic  of  Bremen;  the  second  (1735)  was 
revised  by  the  celebrated  critic  J.  J.  Wetstein.  Having 
been  published  by  his  relative  Henry  Wetstein,  a  book- 
seller of  Amsterdam,  these  editions  of  the  New  Testament 
are  sometimes  improperly  called  Wetstein's;  and  from 
the  name  of  Curcellaeu?  being  printed  in  the  title,  the}' 
are  in  some  catalogues  erroneously  styled  Nov.  Test. 
Grac.  CurcelM.  The  text  is  formed  on  the  second  El- 
zevir edition  of  1633,  and  Curcellaeus's  editions.— Home's 
Introduction,  ed.  1856,  iv.  689.] 

COBHAM  PYRAMID.  —  I  have  seen  an  old  en- 
graving of  a  park,  with  a  large  quaint-looking 
house  in  the  distance ;  and,  in  the  foreground,  a 
high  and  rather  narrow  pyramid  of  stone,  with  an 
inscription  in  the  middle :  "  To  the  Memory  of 
Viscount  Cobbam." 

I  think  this  is  at  Stowe,  or  at  Hanworth.  Can 
any  of  your  readers  say  which?  LYTTELTON. 

[The  plate  of  this  Pyramid  may  be  found  in  the  fol- 
lowing work:  "A  General  Plan  of  the  Woods,  Park,  and 
Gardens  of  Stowe,  the  Seat  of  the  Rt.  Hon.  the  Lord 
Viscount  Cobham,  with  several  Perspective  Views  in  the 
Gardens.  Dedicated  to  his  Lordship  by  S.  Bridgeman. 
Sixteen  large  Plates,  fol.  1739."  The  plate  is  entitled, 
"A  View  from  the  foot  of  the  Pyramid,"  with  an  inscrip- 
tion in  the  middle,  *'  Memoriae  Sacram  esse  Voluit  Cob- 
ham.'*  This  Pyramid  does  not  appear  to  have  been 
erected,  and  will  only  now  be  found  among  the  plans  and 
drawings  of  Bridgeman,  the  first  professional  artist  em- 
ployed by  Lord  Cobham  to  lay  out  the  grounds.  It  was 
to  William  Kent,  who  was  consulted  in  the  double  capa- 
city of  architect  and  gardener,  that  Stowe  is  indebted  for 
many  of  its  distinguished  ornaments.] 

HENSHALL'S  "  GOTHIC  AND  ENGLISH  GOSPELS." 
Was  this  work  ever  completed  ?  And  how  many 
numbers  were  published  ?  I  have  only  Deal.  I., 
A  Fragment  of  St.  Matthew.  S.  S. 

[This  incomplete  work  is  a  thin  volume  in  8vo,  dated 
1807.  The  Prefatory  articles  make  sixty-four  pages. 
Then  follows  a  "  Literal  Rendering  of  the  Gothic  Gospel 
through  Matthew,"  consisting  of  seventy-nine  pages.] 


SIR  CHARLES  WOGAN. 
(2nd  S.v.  11.) 

W.  W.  S.  gives  an  account  of  Sir  Charles 
Wogan  being  engaged  in  the  flight  of  the  daughter 
of  Prince  James  Sobieski,  and  mentions  that  the 
adventures  are  told  with  minuteness  and  interest 
in  his  Female  Fortitude,  1720.  Jesse  gives  some 
particulars,  but  not  sufficient.  Wogan  corrects 
Nichols  and  Scott  in  saying  that  the  Princess 
Clementina  was  married  by  proxy  in  Poland,  but 
says  it  was  at  Bologna  after  her  escape;  but 
neither  Smollett,  Walter  Scott,  or  Lord  Mahon 


mentions  by  whom  she  was  afterwards  married.  I 
was  fortunate  enough  to  find  this  circumstance 
noticed  in  the  Strawberry  Hill  Catalogue  of 
Prints,  where  it  is  thus  mentioned  :  "479.  Jacques 
III.  Roy  de  la  Grande  Bretagne,  by  Chereau,  &c. 
the  Princess  Clementina,  his  Consort,  by  Jac 
Frey,  sheet  extra  fine.  —  A  representation  of 
their  Marriage  by  Pope  Clement  XL  1719,  in 
the  Palace  of  the  Vatican.  Ant.  Friz,  so.,  August 
Masucci,  inv.  et  del.,  oblong  sheet  extra  rare." 
And  in  the  Illustrated  Catalogue  of  the  Bernal 
Collection  published  by  Bohn,  and  entitled  A 
Guide  to  the  Knowledge  of  Pottery,  Porcelain,  and 
other  Objects  of  Vertu,  mention  is  made  of  a  pic- 
ture which  delineates  the  dress  which  the  princess 
wore  when  she  made  her  escape :  — 

"  Hugtenburg, ...  631  [dated  1735.]— The  Princess 
Maria  Clementina  Sobieski,  of  Poland,  on  horseback,  in 
the  singular  dress  she  wore  in  her  romantic  journey  to 
marry  the  Pretender,  Prince  James  Stuart.  19  in.  by 
26  in.  31/.  10*.  Duke  of  Hamilton." 

A  large  silver  medal  (by-the-bye,  are  there  any 
of  this  medal  struck  in  gold  ?)  No.  32,  of  the 
Series  of  the  Stuart  Medals  described  in  the 
Catalogue  of  Antiquities,  Works  of  Art,  and 
Historical  Scottish  Relics  exhibited  in  the  Museum 
of  the  Archaological  Institute  held  at  Edinburgh, 
1856,  gives  this  account :  — 

"  Bust  of  Clementina  Sobieski,  1.  hair  decorated  with 
beads  and  tiara,  pearl  necklace,  robe  trimmed  with 
jewelry,  ermine  mantle.  Leg.  Clementina.  M.  Britan.  Fr. 
Et.  Hib.  Regina.  Otto  Hamerani.  F. — Rev. :  Clementina 
seated  in  a  car  drawn  by  two  horses  at  speed ;  distant 
city  and  setting  sun.  Leg. :  Fortvnam  Cavsamque  Seqvor 
— *  I  follow  his  fortune  and  cause.'  Ex. :  Deceptis  Cvs- 
todibvs.  M.D.CCXIX.  — '  Having  deceived  my  guards. 
1719.'  2.  Ar." 

Struck  in  commemoration  of  the  escape  of 
Clementina  Sobieski  from  the  guards  who  had 
been  placed  over  her  at  Innspruck  by  the  Em- 
peror of  Germany,  to  prevent  her  marriage  with 
the  Prince  James.  The  legend  is  in  conformity 
with  the  reply  of  her  father  respecting  her  escape, 
— that,  as  she  had  been  engaged  to  the  Prince,  she 
was  bound  to  follow  his  fortune.  This  medal  is 
engraved  in  the  Gentleman's  Magazine. 

Among  the  valuables  which  formed  part  of  the 
dowry  of  the  Princess  Maria  Clementina  were  the 
rubies  of  the  Polish  crown,  now  in  the  treasury 
of  St.  Peter's  ;  the  golden  shield,  presented  by  the 
Emperor  Leopold  to  the  deliverer  of  Vienna ;  and 
the  cover  of  gold  brocade  adorned  with  verses  of 
the  Koran  in  turquoise,  in  which  the  standard  of 
the  prophet  was  kept  during  the  siege.  In  an 
article  in  the  Edinburgh  Review  for  Jan.  1864, 
on  the  Scottish  Religious  Houses  abroad,  it  is 
stated  that  the  Scottish  colleges  at  Douai  and  Paris 
were  united  by  the  law  24  Vendemiaire,  an  XI, 
and  a  joint  establishment  with  the  Irish  sought  to 
be  founded.  During  the  first  Consulate  of  Na- 
poleon, the  presidency  was  bestowed  upon  Robert 


422 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[3"»S.V.  MAT  21, '64. 


Watson,  of  Elgin;  whose  connection  with  the 
.Stuart  Papers,  political  career,  and  strange  sui- 
cide at  eighty-eight  —  when  seventeen  wounds 
were  found  upon  his  body — form  incidents  in  a 
life  of  almost  unsurpassed  adventure.  What  are 
the  particulars  of  Robert  Watson's  life  ?  When 
are  we  to  expect  a  further  publication  of  the 
Stuart  MSS.  ?  In  the  Cornhill  Magazine  for  this 
month  it  is  mentioned,  that  James  II.'s  son  was 
named  by  the  Papal  Nuncio  "James  Francis 
Edward,"  or,  "Innocent  Leon  Francis  James." 
Where  is  this  story  from  ?  In  conclusion,  your 
correspondent  would  be  much  obliged  for  a  tran- 
script from  Sir  Charles  Wogan's  Female  Forti- 
tude, giving  an  'account  of  Princess  Maria  Cle- 
mentina's escape,  and  a  copy  of  his  "  Diploma 
of  Knighthood,"  or  citizenship  of  Rome  (which  is 
said  to  be  in  the  British  Museum),  in  "  N.  &  Q." 
I  would  be  much  obliged  to  any  of  your  cor- 
respondents if  they  would  give  me  a  copy,  in 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  of  the  inscription  on  the  tomb  of 
Captain  David  Drummond ;  who  was  an  officer  in 
Prince  Charles  Edward  Stuart's  army,  and  was 
taken  prisoner  at  the  battle  of  Culloden  by  Col. 
Thornton  of  Thornville,  which  is  in  the  parish  of 
Allerton,  Yorkshire.  Captain  Drummond  was 
restricted  to  a  circuit  of  about  three  miles  round 
the  hall — the  property  now  belongs  to  Lord  Stour- 
ton.  What  family  of  Drummond  did  Captain 
Drummond  belong  to  ?  Is  there  any  roll-call  of 
the  clan  regiments  who  fought  for  Prince  Charles 
Edward  in  1 745  ?  Captain  Drummond  was  buried 
near  the  altar  of  the  church.  The  parish  of  Al- 
lerton is  not  far  from  Knaresborough.  A. 


AUTHORSHIP  OF  LATIN  HYMNS. 

(3rd  S.  v.  253.) 

The  list  contributed  by  F.  C.  H.  of  the  reputed 
authors  of  various  early  Latin  hymns,  recalled  to 
my  memory  a  similar  list  which  I  had  long  since 
marked  for  transmission  to  "  N.  &  Q."  It  occurs 
in  a  MS.  which  I  procured  from  London  a  few 
years  since,  with  the  following  title  :  — 

^" Miscellanea  de  Sacramentis  ex  Ritualibus,  item  de 
Ritibus  in  Missa  et  Officio.  Collecta  per  R.  patrem  D. 
Nicolaum,  De  Bertenschaups,  S.  T.  lectorem  emeritum. 
Lovann,  Defunctum  17—." 

The  MS.  is  a  small  thick  duodecimo,  and  con- 
tains many  curious  entries.  The  list  referred  is 
at  p.  219,  and,  like  every  entry  in  the  volume, 
commences  — 

Jesus,  Maria,  Franciscus,*1 
and  then  proceeds  as  below  — 

"  AUTHORES  HYMNORUM  ANTIQUI  BREVIARII. 
Dom.  ad  Matut.  'Primo  dierum  Oium.'— D.  Grea 
'  Nocte  surgentes.'— Idem. 
Ad  laudes.  '  Sterne  verum  conditur.'— D,  Ambrot, 


*  Ecce  jam  noctis.' — D.  Gregor. 

Ad  Primam.  'Jam  lucis.' — D.  Ambros. 

Ad  tertiam.  *  Nunc  Sancte  nobis.' — D.  Ambros. 

Ad  sextain.  '  Rector  Potens.' — D.  Ambros. 

Ad  nonam.  ' Rerum  Deus.'— D.  Ambros. 

Fer.  2  ad  Matut.  'Censors  paterni.' — Idem. 

Ad  laudes.  'Alesdiei.' — Aurel.  Prudentius. 

Fer.  4  ad  Matut.  '  Rerum  Creator.'—  D.  Ambr. 

Ad  laudes.  '  Nox  et  tenebrae.' — Prudentius. 

Fer.  5  ad  Matut.  '  Nox  atra.'— D.  Ambr. 

Ad  laudes.  '  Lux  ecce.' — Prudentius. 

Fer.  6  ad  Matut.  '  Tu  Trinitatis.'— D.  Ambr. 

Ad  laudes.  'JCterna  coeli.' — Idem. 

Sabbatho  ad  Mat.  '  Summae  Deus.' — Idem. 

Ad  laudes.  'Aurora  jam.' — Idem. 

Dom.  ad  Vesperas.  « Lucis  Creator.' — D.  Greg. 

Fer.  4  ad  Vesp.  '  Coeli  Deus.'— D.  Ambr. 

Fer.  5  ad  Vesp.  '  Magnae  Deus.' — D.  Ambr. 

Fer.  6  ad  Vesp.  '  Plasmator(P)' — D.  Ambros. 

Sabbatho  ad  Vesp.  '  O  lux  beata.'— D.  Greg. 

Ad  Complet.  '  Te  lucis.'— D.  Amb. 

In  Adventu  ad  Vesp.  '  Conditor  alme.' — D.  Ambr. 

Ad  Mat.  '  Verbum  supernum.' — D.  Gregor. 

Ad  laudes.  '  Vox  clara.' — D.  Ambr. 

In  Nat.  Dili  ad  Mat.  et  Vesp.    'Chfe  Redemptor.'— 
D.  Ambr. 

Ad  laudes.  '  A  solis  ortus.' — SeduHus. 

In  festo  SS.  Innoc.  ad  Mat.  '  Audit  tyrannus.'— Pruden- 
tius. 

Ad  laudes.  '  Salvete  flores.' — Idem. 

In  Epiph.  ad  Vesp.  et  Matut.  'Hortis  Herodes.'—  Sedu- 
lius  (in  hymno  de  Cllri). 

Ad  laudes.  "'  O  sola  magnarum.' — Prudent,  de  Epiph. 

In  quadrag  ad  Matut.  '  Ex  more  docti.' — D.  Ambr. 

Ad  laudes.  'Jam  Christe.' — Idem. 

Dom.  Passionis.  '  Pange  lingua.' — Fortunatus. 

Ad  Vesp.  '  Vexilla  regis.' — The.oduJphus. 

In  Pentecoste  ad  Vesp.  '  Veni  Creator  spiritus.' — D. 
Ambr. 

Ad  Matut.  'Jam  Cfirus  astra.'—  D.  Greg. 

Ad  laudes.  '  Beate  nobis  gaudia.' — D.  Hilarius. 

In  festo  Corp.  Cfiri.  '  Pange  lingua,'  '  Sacris  solemniis,' 
D.  Thorn.  Aqui. 

In  festo  S.  Joannis.  '  Ut  queant  laxis.' — Paulus  Dia- 
conus. 

In  transfigur.  «Quicunq3  Cferum.' 

In  Comm.  Mart.  '  Deus  tuorum.' — D.  Gregor. 

De  Martyribus.  « Rex  gloriose.' — D.  Gregor. 

De  Virg.  '  Jesu  corona  virginum.' — D.  Greg. 

De  Beata.  '  Quern  terra.' — Greg,  nut  Fortunatus.'  " 

AIKEN  IRVINE. 

Firemiletown. 


WILLIAM  COBBETT. 
(3rd  S.  v.  370.) 

W.  LEE  has  fallen  into  an  error  in  classing 
William  Cobbett  among  those  great  geniuses, 
whose  "  political  life  begafc  with  revolutionary 
principles  and  ended  in  Conservatism."  I  appre- 
hend that  W.  LEE  means,  by  "revolutionary," 
those  extreme  radical  principles  which  obtained 
so  much  in  this  country  before  the  passing  of  the 
Reform  Bill.  In  no  other  sense,  I  think,  could 
the  term  be  applied  to  either  Montgomery  or 
Burdett ;  and  it  is  scarcely  fairly  descriptive  of 
principles  which  found  advocates  among  some  of 
the  best  and  most  enlightened  men  of  the  age,  all 


3*  S,  V.  MAY  21,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


423 


of  whom,  including  the  names  given,  sought  by 
constitutional  means  to  obtain  the  reforms  they 
advocated.  Taking  it,  however,  in  its  more  liberal 
sense,  it  could  not  apply  to  Cobbett —  who  began 
his  career  as  a  political  writer  of  the  most  ultra- 
Conservative  stamp.  He  first  became  known  to 
the  public  as  "  Peter  Porcupine,"  under  which 
name  he  fiercely  attacked  the  democratic  writers 
and  speakers  of  France  and  America.  He  was 
then  resident  in  America,  and  underwent  much 
persecution  ;  and  encountered  one  or  two  trials 
at  law  for  alleged  libels,  in  his  defence  of  monar- 
chical and  aristocratical  institutions.  The  series, 
known  as  the  "  Porcupine  Papers,"  attracted  much 
notice  in  this  country.  They  were  quoted  and 
lauded  by  the  government  organs — quoted  in  both 
Houses  of  Parliament,  and  eulogised  in  the  pulpit. 
The  writer  was  considered  one  of  the  most  power- 
ful supports  of  the  principles  of  the  British  con- 
stitution. This  series  of  papers  was  republished 
in  England  in  twelve  volumes  octavo,  under  the 
patronage  of  the  Prince  Regent,  afterwards 
George  IV. — to  whom,  I  believe,  it  was  dedicated. 
On  referring  to  this  work,  the  style  and  vigour  of 
Cobbett,  as  strongly  displayed  as  in  his  later 
work — the  Political  Register — will  be  recognised 
at  once. 

On  his  return  from  America,  he  began  a  daily 
paper  called  the  Porcupine.  This  was  discon- 
tinued after  a  short  existence,  and  soon  after  he 
began  the  Register.  Both  these  papers  were 
strongly  in  favour  of  the  government,  both  as  to 
measures  and  men  ;  and  the  Register  ran  through 
several  volumes  before  a  change  took  place  in  the 
political  opinions  of  the  editor.  It  is  said  that  his 
change  of  sentiment  was  hastened,  if  not  caused, 
by  an  affront  offered  him  by  William  Pitt.  Wind- 
ham  was  a  great  admirer  of  Cobbett,  and  after 
one  of  his  more  telling  articles  in  the  Porcupine, 
had  declared  that  the  author  was  "worthy  of  a 
statue  of  gold."  Pitt  had  refused  to  meet  the 
author  of  the  Register  at  Windham's  table ;  and 
this  Cobbett  resented,  and  never  forgave.  Very 
soon  after  this,  a  marked  change  took  place  in  his 
politics ;  but  notwithstanding  many  alterations 
during  the  thirty  years  he  stood  before  the  country 
as  a  writer,  and  many  alienations  from  his  early 
political  friendships,  he  was  consistent  in  his  ad- 
vocacy of  the  "  reform  cause,"  and  the  enemy  of 
what  he  termed  the  unreformed  abuses  of  Church 
and  State  ;  and  the  last  Register  which  came  from 
his  pen,  very  shortly  before  his  death,  breathed 
the  same  spirit  which  he  had  shown  years  before 
as  one  of  the  leaders  of  the  democratic  party.  The 
Reform  Bill,  which  his  powerful  pen  had  done 
much  to  promote,  had  of  course  moderated  the 
views  of  all  enlightened  public  men ;  but  in  no 
sense  could  the  term  Conservative  apply  to  him, 
more  than  it  would  apply  at  any  period  of  his 
political  life —  after  his  first  desertion  from  the 


ranks  of  the  men  who  had  applauded  the  labours 
of  "  Peter  Porcupine."  T.  B. 

COBBETT  ON  CLASSICAL  LEABNING  (3rd  S.  iii. 
386.)  —  Cobbett  affected  to  despise  all  acquire- 
ments which  he  had  not.  In  his  English  Grammar, 
letter  xxi.,  he  selects  examples  of  bad  English 
from  the  writings  of  Dr.  Johnson  and  Dr.  Watts, 
and  is  very  contemptuous  on  "what  are  called 
the  learned  languages ; "  but  I  agree  with  E.  H. 
that  he  would  not  have  entered  upon  Latin  or 
Greek  criticism.  I  do  not  know  the  epitaphs  ob- 
jected to  by  Mr.  Brennen,  but  it  is  not  unlikely 
that  he  mistook  Wakefield  for  the  author  of  one 
quoted  by  him  in  derision. 

"  The  Baptists  have  a  burying  place  at  Hill  Cliff,  in 
the  neighbourhood  of  Warrington.  What  follows  is  an, 
epitaph  on  one  of  their  ministers,  which  will  serve  to  ex- 
pose the  contemptible  affectation  of  knowledge  in  little 
minds,  and  the  artifice  that  is  sometimes  practised  to  pro- 
care  authority  with  the  people,  and  a  reputation  for 
talents  which  are  not  possessed  hi  the  least  degree  by  the 
boaster : — 

'  Subter  hoc  saxum 

THOMAS  WAINWRIGHTI,  sen. 

Amicus  ille  noster  sternere  se  somnum 

factum  est  Ille  autem 

praedictoria  fuisse  in 

congressus  Baptistus  per 

Warrington.' " 

Memoirs  of  the  Life  of  Gilbert  Wakefidd,  B.A.  Written 
by  Himself,  p.  214.  8vo,  London,  1792. 

Did  Parr  or  Burney  write  an  epitaph  on  Fox 
or  Johnson  ?  FITZHOPK.INS, 

Garrick  Club. 


FEE-DEATH  COFFINS  AND  MONUMENTS. 
(3rd  S.  v.  255,  363.) 

Those  of  your  readers  who  are  interested  in 
this  subject  may  be  reminded,  that  the  Emperor 
Charles  V.  made  trial  of  his  coffin  at  least  some 
days  before  the  "  animula  blandula,  vagula,"  &c., 
took  its  flight. 

Dr.  John  Donne,  too,  interested  himself  about 
his  monumental  effigy,  and  gave  himself  extraor- 
dinary and  almost  ludicrous  pains  in  order  that 
the  labours  of  the  sculptor  might  be  effective. 
Having  ordered  an  urn  to  be  cut  in  wood,  and 
having  caused  charcoal  fires  to  be  lighted  in  his 
study,  he  indued  the  winding-sheet,  and  stood  by 
the  urn,  simulating  death.  In  which  position,  a 
portrait  was  taken,  which  stood  by  Donne's  bed- 
side until  his  death;  and,  no  doubt,  was  after- 
wards of  nruch  service  to  the  executor  of  the 
statue  which  marked  his  resting-place  in  St. 
Paul's. 

In  Wylie's  Old  and  New  Nottingham  (p.  255), 
mention  is  made  of  an  eccentric  character,  "  Ned 
Dawson,"  who,  being  a  staunch  Tory,  had  his 


424 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  MAY  21,  '64. 


coffin  painted  "  true  blue  ;"  and  in  a  spirit  of  re- 
markable utilitarianism,  used  it  as  a  cupboard  for 
no  less  than  twenty  years  :  — 

"  On  his  birthday  he  would  try  on  his  best  suit,  and 
extend  himself  in  the  coffin  to  see  if  it  still  fitted.  Evacu- 
ating his  quarters,  the  coffin,  well  lined  with  substantial 
viands,  would  then  be  carried  in  state  on  the  shoulders  of 
his  associates.  Ned  following  as  chief  mourner,  with  an 
enormous  pitcher  of  ale  in  his  hand :  — 

<  The  blue-lined  coffin  holds  his  dust  now  dead, 
In  which  the  living  Dawson  kept  his  bread.' " 

The  same  book  also  records  the  doings  of  one 
John  Wheatley ;  who  bought  a  coffin,  stored  it 
with  choice  wines,  and  for  some  time  kept  it  in 
his  bed-room : 

"  Thence,"  says  Mr.  Wylie,  "  he  removed  it  to  an  en- 
closed place  in  the  General  Cemetery,  in  which  he  had  a 
vault  dug.  He  there,  however,  imbibed  such  copious 
draughts  of  wine,  that  he  was  driven  from  the  place;  and 
thus  made  to  cease  from  his  revolting  dissipation." 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

A  remarkable  instance  of  a  monumental  brass, 
prepared  before  death,  is  that  of  the  Abbot  De- 
lamere  at  St.  Albans,  considered  to  be  the  finest 
ecclesiastical  brass  remaining.  The  inscription,  in 
very  bold  Lombardic  letters,  runs  thus :  —  "  Hie 
jacet  Dominus  Thomas,  quondam  abbas  hujus 

monasterii ."     A  space  is  left  for  the  age  and 

date  of  death ;  but  what  is  most  extraordinary  is, 
that  these  have  never  been  filled  in.  The  brass 
was  fixed,  but  the  inscription  never  completed, 
even  after  the  abbot's  death.  I  may  here  note 
that  Boutell  is  mistaken  in  calling  one  of  the 
figures  on  the  side  of  the  abbot's  head  Offa,  king 
of  Mercia:  it  is  St.  Oswin,  king  and  martyr, 
whose  relics  were  translated  to  the  monastery  of 
Tinmouth,  subject  to  the  abbey  of  St.  Albans, 
and  at  which  translation  Richard,  abbot  of  St. 
Albans,  attended  in  1103.  F.  C.  H. 

The  Rev.  Joseph  Pomeroy,  who  was  born  in 
1749,  instituted  to  the  vicarage  of  St.  Kew,  in 
Cornwall,  in  1777,  and  died,  the  oldest  clergyman 
in  that  county,  on  Feb.  7, 1837,  had  prepared,  some 
few  years  before  his  death,  a  granite  coffin,  which 
he  caused  to  be  placed  in  the  churchyard  of  his 
parish  ready  for  his  interment.  I  well  remember 
seeing  it  in  a  newly  finished  state  and  stretching 
myself  in  it.  The  practice  of  erecting  monuments 
prior  to  death  has,  as  is  well  known,  been  very 
common.  We  very  frequently  find  that  the  date 
of  death  has  not  been  filled  in  by  the  executors  or 
representatives  of  the  deceased.  In  the  church  of 
Blislund,  in  the  above  mentioned  county,  is  a  brass 
commemorating  John  Balsam,  sometime  rector  of 
that  parish,  who  died  in  May,  1410.  This  monu- 
ment is  singular  in  that  the  date  of  the  day  of  the 
month  is  not  filled  in,  a  blank  space  remaining  in 
the^  brass  plate,  although  the  remainder  of  the  in- 
scription is  complete.  JOHN  MACLEAN. 

Hammersmith. 


SHAKERS  (2nd  S.  xii.  366.)  —  T.  J.  H.  wishes  a 
full  historical  account  of  this  sect,  and  I  have  not 
seen  that  any  answer  has  been  yet  given.  The 
following  is  the  title  of  a  book  in  my  possession  : 

"  An  Account  of  the  People  called  Shakers :  their  Faith, 
Doctrines,  and  Practice,  exemplified  in  the  Life,  Con- 
versations, and  Experience  of  the  Author  during  the  time 
he  belonged  to  the  Society.  To  which  is  affixed  a  His- 
tory of  their  Rise  and  Progress  to  the  Present  Day.  By 
Thomas  Brown,  of  Cornwall,  Orange  County,  State  of 
New-York. 

"  « Prove  all  things,  hold  fast  that  which  is  good.'— 
Apostle  Paul 

"  '  An  historian  should  not  dare  to  tell  a  falsehood,  or 
leave  a  truth  untold.' — Cicero. 

"  TROY  :  Printed  by  Parker  and  Bliss.  Sold  at  the 
Trov  Bookstore,  by  Websters  and  Skinners,  Albany ;  and 
by  S.  Wood,  New-York,  1812." 

The  work  is  in  octavo,  and  contains  372  pages  ; 
concluding  with  some  hymns  used  by  the  sect. 
The  book  was  published  by  subscription,  and  a 
list  of  the  subscribers  is  given.  About  350  copies 
appear  to  have  been  subscribed  for;  and  perhaps 
few  of  those  have  found  a  way  across  the  At- 
lantic. W.  LEE. 

LEADING  APES  IN  HELL  (3rd  S.  v.  193,  341.)  — 
Under  the  heading  "  APE,"  I  find  the  following 
remarks  in  Toone's  Glossarial  and  Etymological 
Dictionary :  — 

"  The  common  expression,  to  lead  apes  in  hell,  said  of 
women  dying  old  maids,  seems  to  have  puzzled  all  pre- 
ceding writers  as  to  its  origin ;  but  all  agree  that  it  owes 
its  rise  to  the  Reformation,  no  mention  being  made  of  it 
prior  to  1600  in  any  old  author.  Mr.  Boucher  suggests, 
that  it  may  have  been  invented  by  the  reformers  as  an 
inducement  to  women  to  marry.  In  the  dissolution  of 
the  monasteries,  a  disinclination  to  marriage  manifested 
itself;  and  many  women,  of  a  contemplative  turn  of 
mind,  sighed  for  the  seclusion  of  the  cloister  to  counter- 
act this  propensity.  Some  pious  reformer  hit  upon  the 
device  in  question ;  but  whether  true  in  fact,  or  whether 
it  had  the  desired  effect,  it  is  difficult  to  determine.  It  is 
still  in  use  in  a  jocular  sense :  — 

'  But  'tis  an  old  proverb,  and  you  know  it  well, 
That  women  dying  maids  lead  apes  in  hell.' 

0.  P.,  The  London  Prodigal. 
* Fear  not,  in  hell  you'll  never  lead  apes, 
A  mortify'd  maiden  of  five  escapes.' 

B.  Jonson. 

« Well,  if  I  quit  him  not,  I  here  pray  God 
I  may  lead  apes  in  hell  and  die  a  maid.' 

O.  P.,  Englishmen  for  my  Money" 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

THE  MOLLY  WASH-DISH  (3rd  S.  v.  356.)— I  take 
this  to  be  a  provincial  name  for  the  Motacilla. 
It  is  commonly  called  the  water-wagtail,  from 
having  its  habitat  near  running  streams  ;  and  from 
the  peculiar  shake  of  its  tail,  noticed  in  all  lan- 
guages when  speaking  of  this  bird.  The  rapid 
and  pertinacious  tappings  at  his  window,  which 
MB.BINGHAM  speaks  of,  are  nothing  unusual  with 
the  Motacilla  tribe.  Many  years  ago,  I  was  at- 
tending the  sick  bed  of  a  woman  who  lived  near 
the  Froome,  which  runs  in  a  narrow  stream,  at 


3*  S.  V.  MAY  21,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


425 


the  back  of  the  town  of  Dorchester  ;  and  during 
my  visit,  heard  repeated  tappings  at  the  window 
of  the  cottage ;  and,  on  inquiry,  found  they  were 
made  by  a  water- wagtail,  who  continued  the  prac- 
tice for  several  days — much  to  the  alarm  of  the 
poor  woman  and  her  family:  for  they  were  al 
convinced  that  it  was  the  warning  of  her  ap 
preaching   death.     It  was  in  vain   to   persuade 
them  to  a  contrary  belief;  so  I  let  the  supersti- 
tion cure  itself  by  the  bird,  after  two  or  three 
days,   disappearing  altogether.     But  was  it  "a 
transmigrated    spirit-rapper  ? "      Of   this,     MR. 
BINGHAM  seems  to   suggest  the  possibility:    no 
doubt,  from  his  classical  studies  at  Winchester. 
The  vli>7£  of  Theocritus    clearly  indicates   that 
country  people,  in  his  day,  had  strangely  super 
stitious  notions  about  this  bird,  as  being  able  to 
create  love,  and  bring  the  lover  back  to  his  for 
saken  mistress  :  u*I&yt,  &KC  rfc,"  &c.     This  Virgil 
imitates,  in  the  line — 

"  Ducite  ab  urbe  domum,  mea  carmina,  Daphnim." 
The  bird  was  said  to  be  tied  to  a  magic  wheel, 
which,  being  turned  rapidly,  exhibited  the  ap- 
pearance of  the  lost  lover.  But  a  phrase,  in 
Xenophon's  Memorabilia,  e\K(iv  Tuyya,  "  turn  the 
magic  wheel,"  brings  the  truth  more  closely  home, 
that  the  ancients  used  "  table-turning"  much  the 
same  as  "foolish  women"  do  in  the  nineteenth 
century,  for  the  purpose  of  knowing  mysterious 
circumstances  about  lovers,  or  other  hidden  se- 
crets. The  belief  in  spirit-rapping,  in  our  en- 
lightened age,  is  something  worse  than  a  rustic 
superstition.  Proh  pudor !  QUEEN'S  GARDENS. 

CAPTAIN  NATHANIEL  PORTLOCK  (3rd  S.  v.  375.) 
In  connection  with  this  distinguished  naval  officer, 
to  whose  memory,  as  your  correspondent  rightly 
observes,  justice  has  not  been  done,  it  may  be  well 
to  mention  that  his  son,  Major-General  Joseph 
Ellison  Portlock,  R.E.,  F.R.S.,  M.R.I.A.,  &c., 
died  at  his  residence,  Lota,  Booterstown,  co.  Dub- 
lin, February  14,  1864,  and  was  buried  at  Mount 
Jerome.  General  Portlock' s  character  as  a  man 
of  science  stood  particularly  high ;  and  one  of  his 
publications,  entitled  Report  on  the  Geology  of  the 
County  of  Londonderry,  and  of  Ports  of  Tyrone 
and  Fermanagh  (8vo,  Dublin,  1843,  pp.  xxxi. 
784,  with  maps  and  plates),  is  a  standard  autho- 
rity. I  have  lately  seen  a  large  sized  oil-painting 
of  Captain  Portlock,  in  full  uniform.  ABHBA. 

ANDROS,  SIR  EDMUND  (3rd  S.  v.  345.)  — Sir 
Edmund  Andros,  of  Guernsey,  bore  for  arms: 
Gu.  a  saltire  or,  surmounted  of  another  vert ;  on 
a  chief  arg.  three  mullets  sa.  Crest.  A  blacka- 
moor's head  m  profile,  couped  at  the  shoulders, 
arid  wreathed  about  the  temples  all  ppr.  Motto. 
"  Crux  et  presidium  et  decus." 

In  1686,  he  made  application  to  the  Earl  Mar- 
shal to  have  his  arms  "  registered  in  the  College 
of  Armes  in  such  a  manner,  as  he  may  lawfully 


bear  them  with  respect  to  his  descent  from  the 
antient  family  of  Sausmarez,  in  the  said  Isle" 
(Guernsey).  In  this  petition  it  is  set  out  that  —  • 

"His  Great  Grandfather's  Father,  John  Andros,  als 
Andrewes,  an  English  Gentleman,  borne  in  Northampton- 
shire, coming  into  the  Island  of  Guernsey,  as  Lieutenant 
to  Sr  Peter  Mewtis,  Knt,  the  Govern1",  did  there  marry  A° 
1543,  with  Judith  de  Sausmarez,  onely  Daughter  of 
Thomas  Sausmarez,  son  and  heir  of  Thomas  Sausmarez, 
Lords  of  the  Seignorie  of  Sausmarez  in  the  said  Isle," 
&c.,  &c. 

The  warrant,  granting  the  petition,  is  dated 
Sept.  23,  1686 ;  and  from  this  time  Sir  Edmund 
Andros  and  his  descendants,  as  Seigneurs  de  Saus- 
marez, quartered  the  arms  of  De  Sausmarez  with 
their  own,  and  used  the  crest  and  supporters  be- 
longing thereto,  as  depicted  on  the  margin  of  the 
warrant.  These  arms  are  thus  blazoned  :  —  Arg. 
on  a  chev.  gu.  between  three  leopards'  faces  sa. 
as  many  castles  triple-towered  or.  Crest.  A  fal- 
con affrontant,  wings  expanded  ppr.  belled  or. 
Supporters.  Dexter,  an  unicorn  arg.  tail  cowarded ; 
sinister,  a  greyhound  arg.  collared  gu.  garnished 
or.  EDGAR  MAC  CULLOCH. 

Guernsey. 

CURLL'S  VOITURE'S  LETTERS  (3rd  S.  ii.  162.)  — 
D.  says,  "two  translations  of  Voiture's  Letters 
had  been  published :  one  in  1657,  and  the  other 
in  1715." 

I  have  no  copy  of  the  latter ;  but  I  presume  it 
is  the  translation  published  by  Curll.  I  have  the 
former,  which  I  may  state  was  translated  by  John 
Davies  of  Kidwelly. 

The  object  of  this  note  is,  to  mention  another 
collection  of  Letters :  "  Printed  for  Sam.  Briscoe, 
in  Russel-street,  Covent  Garden,  and  sold  by 
J.  Nutt,  near  Stationers'-hall,  1700."  It  is  inti- 
tuled:— 

'  Familiar  and  Courtly  Letters,  written  by  Monsieur 
VOITURE  to  Persons  of  "the  greatest  Honour,  Wit,  and 
Quality  of  both  Sexes  in  the  Court  of  France.  Made 
English  by  Mr.  Dryden ;  Tho.  Cheek,  Esq. ;  Mr.  Dennis; 

Henry  Cromwel,  Esq. ;  Jos.  Raphson,  Esq. ;  Dr. , 

&c.  To  these  are  added  translations  from  Aristaenetus, 
Pliny,  Junr,  and  Fontanelle,  by  Tho.  Brown ;  and  Original 
Letters  by  the  same.  Never  before  Published.  And  a 
Collection  of  Letters  written  by  Dryden,  Wycherly,  Con- 
greve,  Dennis,"  &c. 

On  a  cursory  examination  of  Voiture's  Letters 
in  this  volume,  I  find  them,  with  one  exception, 
different  letters  from  those  in  the  edition  of  1657. 

W.  LEE. 

CHARADE:  "  SIR  GEOFFREY"  (3rd  S.  ii.  188,219.) 
When  this  clever  and  ingenious  composition  ap- 
peared in  "N.  &  Q.,"  I  considered  that  the  solu- 
;ion  was  probably  the  word  "  to-well."  I  think 
no  solution,  perfectly  answerable  in  all  points, 
possible.  Mine  is  open  to  the  objection,  that  "  the 
old  knight"  had  a  "  gouty  knee  ;"  but  it  was  when 
his  red  toe  twinged  him  worst,  that  he  would  wil- 
ingly  have  yielded  to  the  hatchet  that  which 


426 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


C3'd  S.  V.  MAY  21,  '64. 


forms  the  first  part  of  the  charade.  The  solution 
given  by  Lord  Monson — "foot-stool" — is  liable  to 
the  same  objection ;  while  it  must  be  admitted 
that  "  leg-rest,"  given  by  C.  S.,  is  not.  As  to  the 
second  part,  mine  has  the  recommendation  of  an- 
tithesis to  the  word  "  ill,"  which  immediately  suc- 
ceeds it  in  the  poem.  The  word  "  stool"  seems 
inapplicable  ;  but  the  word  "  rest"  is  admissible, 
though  not  quite  satisfactory.  The  all,  or  complete 
solution,  is  something  that  might  be  "  smoothed" 
by  a  "single  touch," — which  could  scarcely  be 
said  of  a  leg-rest,  or  a  foot-stool ;  but  might  of  a 
"to-well." 

I  do  not  presume  to  affirm,  that  my  solution  is 
the  correct  one;  nor  dare  I  recommend  a  wet 
towel  to  any  of  your  readers  afflicted  with  gout : 
but  I  applied  one  in  a  paroxysm  (like  that  which 
made  Sir  Geoffrey  think  of  the  hatchet),  and  I 
must  say,  in  the  words  of  the  charade,  "like  a 
fairy's  wand,  it  banished  the  pain  away."  I  am 
bound  to  add  that  my  medical  adviser,  on  being 
informed,  said  I  had  incurred  a  risk  that  might 
have  proved  fatal.  W.  LEE. 

SMYTH  OF  BRACO,  AND  STEWART  OF  ORKNEY 
3rd  S.  iii.  51.)  — I  should  be  much  indebted  to 

.  H.  F.,  who  wrote  from  Kirkwall  on  the  sub- 
ject of  some  Orkney  families,  if  he  would  permit 
me  to  correspond  privately  with  him.  touching 
certain  Orcadian  relatives  on  whose  history  he 
may  be  enabled  to  throw  a  light.  I  do  not  think 
the  investigation  would  have  any  interest  for 
general  readers  of  UN.  &  Q.";  and,  moreover, 
details  of  genealogy  can  be  best  communicated 
direct. 

I  may  add,  that  I  am  specially  interested  in  an 
inquiry  concerning  the  Margaret  Stewart  who  is 
mentioned  by  W.  H.  F.,  as  wife  of  Hew  Halcro 
of  Halcro.  Is  he  acquainted  with  any  other  mar- 
riage of  hers  ? 

I  am  also  desirous  of  obtaining  some  further 
particulars  than  I  have  hitherto  been  able  to 
glean  respecting  the  family  of  James  Aitken, 
Bishop  of  Galloway  ;  whose  father,  Henry  Aitken, 
was  sheriff  and  commissary  of  Orkney,  and  who  was 
himself  parson  of  Birsa  at  the  time  of  Montrose's 
descent. 

Is  there  any  trace  of  a  Margaret  Stewart  among 
the  Burray  family,  descending  from  Ochiltree,  or 
Evendale,  as  mentioned  in  your  correspondent's 
long  and  elaborate  paper  ? 

I  think  I  am  acquainted  with  the  principal 
possessions  of  the  Smyths  of  Braco,  in  Orkney ; 
but  of  this  I  will  speak  later,  should  W.  H.  F. 
feel  disposed  to  accede  to  my  request.  I  shall 
hope  to  hear  from  him  at  the  address  I  have 
given.  C.  H.  E.  CARMICHAEL. 

Trin.  Coll.  Oxon. 

HEMMING  OF  WORCESTER  (3rd  S.  v.  173,  268, 
355.) — A  recent  investigation  of  the  records  of 


Worcester  enables  me  to  give  the  following  par- 
ticulars :  — 

Thomas  Heminge,  a  Chamberlain  of  the  City  1624 

Richard  Homing,  Ma3*or         ....  1627 

Henry  Heminge,  a  Chamberlain      .        .        .  1635 
Richard  Hemynge,  a  Chamberlain  (the  year 

of  the  last  battle) 1651 

Richard  Homing,  Mayor 1657 

John  Hemyng,  a  Chamberlain         .        .        .  1664 

Edward  Hemyng,  a  Chamberlain    .        .        .  1667 

John  Heming,  Mayor      .        .        .        .        .  1677 

At  the  sie^e  of  1646,  Alderman  Heming  was 
one  of  the  citizens  nominated  to  consider  the  pro- 
priety of  a  treaty  with  the  besiegers.  The  choice 
was  disapproved,  and  Lieut.-Col.  Soley  supplied 
the  alderman's  place. 

Hemming  is  still  a  local  name ;  and  it  is,  and 
has  been,  to  be  found  in  many  parts  of  the  county. 

I  have  not  met  with  any  example  of  the  arms 
borne  by  mayors  of  this  name,  nor  does  it  appear 
that  they  registered  at  the  Visitations. 

The  crest  suggested  at  p.  355,  according  to 
Burke,  does  not  belong  to  the  same  family  as  the 
arms  at  p.  268.  Perhaps  the  pedigree  of  Heming 
of  London  (p.  268)  may  throw  some  light  on  the 
subject. 

A  Robert  Hemming  was  buried  at  Tenbury, 
Sept.  13,  1691. 

James  Hemming  died  at  Inkberrow,  Dec.  25, 
1727,  aged  seventy-three.  R.  W. 

"TROILUS  AND  CRESSIDA"  (3rd  S.  iv.  121.)  — 
There  can,  I  think,  be  no  doubt  about  the  mean- 
ing with  which  Shakspeare  wrote  the  line  : 

"  One  touch  of  nature  makes  the  whole  world  kin." 

He  is  simply  pointing  out,  that  there  is  a  ten- 
dency natural  to  all — all  are  akin  to  each  other  in 
this— that  they  all  praise  what  is  new,  because  it 
is  new.  But  by  frequent  quotation,  the  line  has 
lost  its  connection  with  the  context,  and  has  ac- 
quired a  much  more  emphatic  application ;  being 
made  to  signify  an  allusion  to  that  electric  sym- 
pathy by  which  "  the  heart  of  man  answers  to 
man."  It  is  hardly  necessary  to  point  out  how 
many  texts  of  Scripture  have  passed  through 
a  similar  process,  even  those  which  have  been 
pressed  into  the  service  of  the  most  solemn  con- 
troversy. A  notable  parallel  is  found  in  the  use 
of  the  hackneyed  quotation,  Cui  bono  ?  It  means, 
in  everybody's  mouth,  "  What  is  the  good  of  so- 
and-so?"  Whereas  it  grew  into  proverbial  use 
from  its  frequency  as  a  question  under  the  Roman 
law  of  evidence,  meaning,  "  Who  was  the  gainer 
by  so-and-so  ?  "  C.  G.  PROWETT. 

Garrick  Club. 

"HAMLET"  (3rd  S.  v.  232.)  — A.  A.  should  have 
recollected  Horatio's  comment  on  the  lines  in 
question:  "You  might  have  rhymed."  By  his 
suppressed  rhyme,  Hamlet  means  us  to  under- 
stand the  word  "  ass  "  instead  of  "  peacock."  He 


3"»  S.  V.  MAY  21,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


427 


wishes  to  mask  the  suggestion  under  a  less  un 
courtly  term  of  reproach  :  and  having  just  re 
ferred  to  "Jove  himself,"  the  bird  of  Jun< 
naturally  supplies  him  with  the  word  he  wants. 

C.  G.  PROWETT. 
Garrick  Club. 

MONKS  AND  FRIARS  (3rd  S.  v.  346.)  —  It  is  t( 
be  regretted  that  many,  besides  Mr.  Froude,  are 
in  the  habit  of  confounding  monks  and  friars 
Sterne  speaks  loosely,  not  to  say  ignorantly,  o 
"  a  poor  monk  of  the  Order  of  St.  Francis,"  —  he 
should  have  said  friar.  We  meet,  indeed,  with 
such  mistakes  in  so  many  respectable  writers 
that  it  would  be  only  waste  of  time  to  seleci 
examples.  Every  one,  again,  talks  of  the  monks 
of  Mount  St.  Bernard ;  when  in  reality  they  are 
neither  monks  nor  friars,  but  canons  regular  o: 
St.  Augustine.  But  to  answer  the  queries  of 
F.H.  M.:- 

1.  What  was  the  distinction  between  monks  and 
friarsf  The  very  names  might  suffice  to  show 
this.  Monks,  or  monachi,  were  so  called  from 
fjiovb$,  alone,  because  they  originally  lived  alone, 
in  the  deserts,  and  far  from  all  intercourse  with 
the  world  ;  whereas  the  friars  were  so  called  from 
fratres,  or  brethren,  because  they  lived  together 
in  community.  The  monks  were  later  on  assem- 
bled in  monasteries,  or  communities,  containing 
each  about  thirty  or  forty  monks ;  and  these  were 
styled  cenobites,  from  living  in  community,  to  dis- 
tinguish them  from  those  who  still  lived  alone, 
and  were  called  hermits,  or  anchorets.  Two  cen- 
turies after  monks  had  been  formed  into  com- 
munities in  the  East,  they  were  established  in  the 
West  by  St.  Benedict  in  595,  and  his  rule  was 
generally  adopted ;  so  that  by  monks  are  usually 
understood  Benedictines,  though  there  are  monks 
of  various  other  Orders,  who  in  great  measure 
follow  his  rule — such  as  Cistercians,  Carthusians, 
Camaldulenses,  Cluniacs,  &c.  The  friars  are,  the 
Franciscans,  Dominicans,  and  Carmelites.  St. 
Francis,  of  Assisium  founded  the  Friars  Minors 
in  1209. 

2.  Was  the  difference  as  great  as  the  reviewer 
of  Froude  implies?  Certainly  not.  There  have 
been,  it  is  true,  too  many  jealousies,  and  too  many 
instances  of  opposition  between  monks  and  friars; 
but  it  is  quite  false  to  represent  them  as  systema- 
tically "  bitter  enemies."  Nor  is  there  any  parity 
between  the  opposition  of  these  religious  Orders 
and  that  of  the  Pharisees  and  Sadducees  :  for  these 
differed  on  essential  points  of  doctrine,  whereas 
monks  and  friars  never  differed  on  any  doctrinal 
subject.  F.  C.  H. 

The  monks  (^ovaxof)  are  very  ancient,  existing 
before  the  time  of  Christ,  and  were  so  called  from 
their  seclusion  from  the  world :  at  first  in  caves 
and  deserts,  afterwards  in  buildings.  This  seclu- 
sion was  so  perfect  that,  in  contemplation  of  Eng- 
lish law,  it  was  considered  death.  Thus  Littleton 


says  (s.  200)—"  When  a  man  entreth  into  reli- 
gion and  is  professed,  he  is  dead  in  the  law,  and 
his  son  or  next  cousin  (consanguineus)  inconti- 
nent shall  inherit  him,  as  well  as  though  he  were 
dead  indeed." 

Guizot  (Hist.  Mod.  ch.  xiv.  p.  382),  says  that 
"  as  late  as  the  eleventh  age  the  monks  were  for 
the  most  part  laymen  ; "  which  opinion  is  thought 
by  Waddington  to  be  too  hastily  asserted  (Hist. 
Church,  ch.  xxviii.  p.  698)  :  yet  the  latter  admits 
(ch.  xix.  p.  370,  384),  "  the  order  of  monks  was 
originally  so  widely  distinct  from  that  of 'clerks, 
that  there  were  seldom  found  more  than  one  or 
two  ecclesiastics  in  any  ancient  convent." 

The  friars  (freres),  on  the  contrary,  known  as 
the  mendicant  and  preaching  orders,  had  no  fixed 
residence,  did  not  appear  till  the  twelfth  century, 
and  were  missionaries.  The  Augustines  were 
canonici,  and  in  some  respects  conformed  to  the 
monastic  system  (Waddington,  Hist.  Church,  ch. 
xix.  p.  384).  Some  of  the  friars,  however,  domi- 
ciled themselves  in  monasteries,  as  at  Oxford  and 
Cambridge ;  but  the  Franciscan,  Dominican,  Car- 
melites, and  Augustines,  did  not  thereby  become 
monks— that  is,  persons  secluded  from  the  world. 

The  monks  (laymen),  it  may  be  said,  had  regard 
each  to  his  personal  religion  as  his  main  object ; 
the  friars  (clergy),  on  the  other  hand,  had  regard 
especially  to  the  conversion  and  religious  advance- 
ment of  the  general  public.  The  Pharisees  and 
Sadducees  were  at  variance  chiefly  on  the  doc- 
trines of  tradition,  and  of  the  resurrection  of  the 
body ;  both  held  by  the  former,  and  denied  by  the 
latter ;  their  differences  had  regard  to  matters  of 
opinion.  The  distinction  of  clergy  and  laity  had 
not  then  arisen.  The  differences  of  monks  and 
friars  were  evinced  in  acts,  selfish  as  regarded  the 
monks,  philanthropic  as  regarded  the  friars. 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

MAJOR  JOHN  HATNES  (3rd  S.  v.  320.)  — I  feel 
convinced  that  the  above-named  officer  is  the 
same  Major  John  Haynes,  about  whom  inquiries 
were  made  in  "N.  &  Q."  (l§t  S.  xi.  324.)  Any 
authentic  information  relative  to  Major  Haynes 
will  be  thankfully  received  by 

ZEITEN  ALTEN. 

WIG  (3rd  S.  iii.  11 3.) —  In  a  letter  of  Bishop 
Mackenzie's,  which  is  published  in  the  Dean  of 
Sly's  Memoir  of  that  devoted  man,  I  find  the 
following  remarks  on  the  etymology  of  wig :  — 

"  I  was  out  at  dinner  this  evening,  and  took  as  much 

nterest  in  a  discussion  about  derivations  of  words  as  any 

ne  else.    They  said  that  'wig'  came  from  'periwig,' 

nd  that  from  '  perruque,'  and  that  from  a  Gothic  Latin 

word,pe//wc«s,  and  that  ftompilus,  Latin,  a  hair."— P.  73. 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

NEEF  (3rd  S.  v.  346.)— This  word,  in  the  form  of 
neif,"  "  neive,"  or  "  neave,"  is  by  no  means  con- 
ned to  North  Yorkshire.  It  is  derived  from  the 


428 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


V.  MAY  21,  '64. 


Islandic  nefi.  See  Hunter's  Hattamshire  Glos- 
sary, and  Toone's  Etymological  Dictionary,  where 
quotations  are  given  from  Gawin  Douglas's  Virgil, 
Burns's  Haggis,  and  the  Midsummer  Nights 
Dream.  It  occurs,  also,  in  Tim  Bobbin's  Lanca- 
shire Dialect.  J.  F.  M. 
"A  SHOFUL"  (3rd  S.  v.  145.)  —  MR.  PHILLIPS 
has  recalled  attention  to  this  subject,  and  has 
attempted  to  bring  within  the  region  of  true  ety- 
mology a  term  which  may  perhaps  have  no  claim 
to  legitimacy.  The  difficulty  experienced  in  ac- 
counting for  slang  terms  (such  as  I  consider 
shoful  to  be)  very  generally  arises  from  want  of 
acquaintance  with  the  classes  among  whom  they 
take  their  rise.  I  beg  leave  to  assist  MB.  PHIL- 
LIPS by  throwing  out  a  suggestion.  I  am  inclined 
to  regard  shoful  as  a  piece  of  Jewish  slang.  Thus 
in  Friedrich's  Unterricht  in  der  Judensprache, 
8vo,  1784,  we  find  "  SCHOFEL,  schlecht,  gering;" 
and  if  we  may  suppose  that  on  the  introduction  of 
the  Hansom  cabs  the  drivers  of  the  old  four- 
wheelers  wished  to  display  their  contempt  for  the 
innovation,  those  among  them  who  were  Jews 
(and  several  such  might  be  met  with)  would  pro- 
bably express  their  feeling  by  the  use  of  this 
Hebrew  word.  This  explanation  may  perhaps 
admit  of  question  ;  but  at  all  events  it  appears  to 
me  to  carry  with  it  some  semblance  of  philological 
truth,  while  MR.  PHILLIPS'S  solution  of  the  diffi- 
culty, I  may  be  pardoned  for  saying,  is  unsup- 
ported either  by  the  principles  of  language,  or  the 
character  of  the  vehicle  in  question.  R.  S.  Q. 

DUMMERER  (3rd  S.  v.  355.) — Harman  in  his 
Caveat  for  Common  Cursitors,  4to,  1567,  has  a 
chapter  descriptive  of  "  a  dommerar,"  which  com- 
mences thus, — 

"These  dommerars  are  leud  and  most  subtyll  people, 
the  most  part  of  these  are  Walch  men,  and  wyll  neuer 
speake,  unlesse  they  haue  extreame  punishment, "but  wyll 
gape,  and  with  a  maruellous  force  wyll  hold  downe  their 
toungs  doubled,  groning  for  your  charyty,"  &c. 

To  the  same  effect  Dekker,  in  his  English  Vil- 
lanies,  4to,  1638,  writes  of  dommerars, — 

"  The  bel-man  tooke  his  marks  amisse  in  saying  that  a 
dommerar  is  equal  to  a  cranke,  for  of  these  dommerars  I 
never  met  but  one,  and  that  was  at  the  house  of  one  M.  L. 
of  L.  This  dommerar's  name  was  W.  Hee  made  a 
strange  noise,  shewing  by  fingers  acrosse  that  his  tongue 
was  cut  out  at  Chalke  Hill,"  &c. 

Grose,  on  the  foregoing  authorities,  gives,  in  his 
Classical  Dictionary  of  the  Vulgar  Tongue,  the  fol- 
lowing definition  of  a  dommerar :  — 

"  A  beggar  pretending  that  his  tongue  has  been  cut  out 
by  the  Algerines,  or  cruel  and  blood-thirsty  Turks;  or 
else  that  he  was  born  deaf  and  dumb." 

R.  S.  Q. 

PARIETINES  (3rd  S.  v.  281.)— -I  imagine  this 
word  to  mean  ruins,  or  ruined  walls,  the  same  as 
the  Latin  parietina,  so  used  by  Cicero.  Robert 
Burton  was  so  pedantic  in  his  style,  and  so  fond 


of  interlarding  his  sentences  with  quotations  from 
classic  authors,  that  it  is  quite  probable  he  would 
Anglicise  words  not  acknowledged  by  any  English 
lexicographer.  FENTONIA. 

THE  NEWTON  STONE  (3rd  S.  v.  110,  245,  380.) 
I  must  decline  to  occupy  your  space  with  a  refu- 
tation of  DR.  MOORE'S  last  letter ;  but  it  may  be 
desirable  to  inform  such  of  your  readers  as  are 
interested  in  the  matter,  that  the  copy  of  the  in- 
scription, with  which  I  compared  DR.  MOORE'S 
renderings,  is  that  of  Dr.  Wilson  in  his  Prehistoric 
Scotland.  I  am  also  anxious  to  say  that  I  do  not 
assert  the  inscription  to  be  Celtic.  That  it  is 
Celtic  is  possible,  that  it  is  Hebrew  or  Chaldee  is 
impossible.  B.  H.  COWPER. 

CHESS  (3rd  S.  v.  377.)  —  On  looking  up  the 
epigram  quoted  by  your  correspondent  D.,  in  the 
useful  Delphin  edition  of  Martial,  I  find  a  refer- 
ence made  to  the  72nd  of  the  7th  book  "  Ad 
Paullum,"  where  an  authority  on  this  subject  is 
cited.  The  extract  is  too  long  for  insertion,  but 
I  may  briefly  sketch  what  is  there  said.  The 
"calculi"  were  called  either  "canes"  or  "latrones," 
and  the  game  was  played  on  a  board  (TT\(VQIOV)  in- 
tersected by  lines  forming  spaces,  which  were 
termed  citadels  (urbes).  The  "  men,"  which  were 
much  like  our  draughtsmen,  I  suppose,  were  vari- 
ously coloured,  and  the  object  was  to  separate  a 
man  from  the  rest,  surround  it  with  your  own 
men,  and  so  capture  it.  Luxury,  as  in  every 
thing  else,  would  greatly  modify  the  appliances 
of  so  popular  a  game,  and  the  draughtsmen  would 
be  made  of  the  most  beautiful  and  precious  mate- 
rials. Undoubtedly  "  gemmeus  "  means  jewelled 
or  inlaid,  or  even  cut  out  of  precious  stones.  The 
agate,  jasper,  cornelian,  are  used  sometimes  now 
for  such  purposes,  and  ivory  chessmen  inlaid  with 
gems  are  occasionally  made.  The  "miles  et 
hostis "  are  merely  the  names  of  the  two  sides ; 
the  "  miles  "  being  the  "  grassator,"  the  "  hostis," 
the  "  insidiator,"  the  attacking  and  defending 
sides  alternately.  The  Delphin  edition  quotes 
Ovid,— 

"  Sive  latrocinii  sub  imagine  calculus  ibit, 
Fac  pereat  vitreo  miles  ab  hoste  tuus." 
And  says  expressly  that  his  author  considers  this 
game  "  diversum  esse  a  scapis,  Gallice  echecs"     I 
am  of  his  opinion.     The  question  is  interesting, 
and  I  could  wish  a  better  explanation  than  that  I 
have  given.  .  E.  C. 

Chess  was  not  known  to  the  Greeks  or  Romans 
(Penny  Cyclo.  vii.  53).     It  was  invented  by  the 
Indians,  and  was  introduced  into  Persia  under  the 
reign   of    Nushivran    (A.D.   531—579,    Gibbon, 
ch.  xlii.  p.  308).    The  passage  in  Martial  (xiv.  20), 
"  Insidiosorum  si  ludis  bella  latronum, 
Gemmeus  iste  tibi  miles  et  hostis  erit," 

refers  probably  to  the  Duodena  scripta,  and  was  a 
hind  of  trick-track  or  backgammon ;  it  was  played 


3«*S.V.  MAY  21, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


429 


with  fifteen  counters  or  stones  (calculi)  of  different 
colours,  upon  a  table  marked  with  twelve  lines 
(Eschenburg,  by  Fiske,  p.  295).  Schrevelius  says 
the  calculi  and  latrones  are  the  same  game. 

«'  Sive  latrocinii  sub  imagine  calculus  ibit." 

Ovid,  Art.  Amandi,  ii.  205. 


and  that  the  modern  Greeks  call  it  ^arpiKtov.  This 
is  not  trictrac,  the  name  of  which  is  rb  rovAt,  a  cor- 
ruption of  the  Italian  tavoliere.  See  Simon,  "  Jeux 
de  Hazard  chez  les  Komains"  (Mem.Acad.  Inscr. 
i.  120),  and  "Historia  Shahi  ludii"  of  Dr.  Hyde 
(Syntagm.  Dissertat  ii.  61—69). 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

ROBERT  DOVE  (3rd  S.  v.  170,  331,  388.)  —  The 
name  of  the  worthy  citizen  is  correctly  given 
"Dove,"  in  the  1618  edition  of  Stow's  Survey. 
The  u  used  in  the  old  edition  for  v,  has  caused 
the  name  to  be  printed  "Done"  in  the  extract 
given  in  "  N".  &  Q."  The  reference  to  the  passage, 
in  the  1618  edition,  should  be  p.  195,  not  "  p.  25." 

I  have  now  before  me  a  rare  tract  by  Ant. 
Nixon,  entitled  :  — 

"  London's  Dove,  or  the  Mirour  of  Merchant  Taylors  : 
a  Memoriall  of  the  Life  and  Death  of  Maister  Robert 
Dove,  Citizen  and  Merchant  Taylor  of  London  ;  and  of 
his  Severall  Almes-deedes  and  Large  Bountie  to  the 
Poore,  in  his  Lifetime.  1612.  4to." 

We  learn,  from  this  interesting  brochure,  how 
Robert  Dove  bequeathed  to  thirteen  aged  men 
"  twenty  nobles  yearly  a-peace,  and  every  three 
yeares  to  each  man  a  gown  ;"  to  sixty  poor  widows 
in  the  parish  of  St.  Botolph's-Without,  Aldgate, 
and  to  six  men,  four  nobles  a-  year  for  ever  ;  also, 
his  charities  to  Bedlam  and  Bridewell,  the  hos- 
pitals of  St.  Bartholomew  and  St.  Thomas's.  His 
relieving  the  prisoners  in  Newgate  and  Ludgate  ; 
his  charities  *'  to  the  poor  young  beginners  of  the 
Company  of  Merchant  Taylours  ;"  his  provision 
for  the  tolling  the  bell  at  St.  Sepulchre's,  for 
condemned  persons,  "  every  day  of  execution 
until  they  have  suffered  death,"  which  gift  is  to 
"  continue  for  ever."  And  also,  for  a  small  hand- 
bell to  be  rung  at  midnight,  under  Newgate,  the 
night  after  the  execution  ;  and  the  next  morning 
at  the  church  wall,  to  remind  them  of  their  mor- 
tality ;  and  a  prayer  to  be  said  for  their  salvation  ; 
and  this  to  "  continue  for  ever." 

After  recording  numerous  other  liberal  bene- 
factions of  this  old  English  worthy,  Nixon  men- 
tions ^  sixteen  pounds  a-year  for  ever  to  Christ's 
Hospital^  to  train  up  and  instruct  ten  young 
schollers  in  the  knowledge  and  learning  of  musick 
and  prick-song." 

The  name  of  good  old  Robert  Dove  surely  de- 
serves to  be  remembered  at  the  present  day. 

EDWARD  F.  RIMBAULT. 

THE  PASSING-BELL  OF  ST.  SEPULCHRE'S.  —  The 
lines  indicating  the  ancient  distrust  of  executors, 


and  quoted  in  a  note  at  the  last  above-mentioned 
page,  were,  in  a  somewhat  different  form,  written 
upon  a  wall  in  St.  Edmund's  church  in  Lombard 
Street.  (Jeremy  Taylor's  Hoi.  Dy.  ed.  1682,  p. 
178):  — 

"  Man,  thee  behoveth  oft  to  have  this  in  mind, 
That  thou  giveth  with  thine  hand,  that  shalt  thoo  find, 
For  widows  beth  slothful,  and  children  beth  unkind, 
Executors  beth  covetous,  and  keep  all  that  they  find. 
If  any  body  ask  where  the  dead's  goods  became, 

They  answer, 
So  God  me  help,  and  Halidam,*  he  died  a  poor  man. 

Think  on  this." 

This  was  the  epitaph  of  Richard  Nordell.  (Wee- 
ver's  Fun.  Mon.  pp.  19,  413.) 

EDWARD  J.  WOOD. 

TOUT  (3rd  S.  v.  211.)  —Is  not  this  word  de- 
rived from  "  to  out,"  that  is  to  go  out  hunting  for 
employment,  instead  of  sitting  in  the  usual  place 
of  business  waiting  for  clients  to  come  in,  as  pro- 
fessional men  mostly  do.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

The  Works  of  William  Shakespeare.  Edited  by  William 
George  Clark,  M.A.,  and  William  Aldis  Wright,  M.A. 
Volume  IV.  (Macmillan.) 

This  new  volume  of  The.  Cambridge  Shakespeare — which 
contains  King  John;  Richard  II. ;  The  First  and  Second 
Parts  of  Henry  IV.,  and H enry  V., — exhibits  the  same 
patient  industry  in  collecting  and  arranging  the  various 
readings  to  be  found  in  the  different  editions  of  the  plays 
here  reprinted,  and  the  various  amendments  and  correc- 
tions in  those  plays  suggested  by  their  numerous  editors 
and  commentators,  which  characterised  the  preceding 
volumes.  This  accumulation  of  critical  materials  gives  a 
special  value  to  this  edition,  and  points  it  out  as  one  pe- 
culiarly suited  to  those  who  desire  to  study  for  them- 
selves the  text  of  our  great  dramatist.  How  great  this 
labour  must  have  been,  the  reader  will  easily  perceive 
when  he  is  told  that,  of  the  Richard  II.,  no  less  than 
four  quarto  editions  were  printed  before  it  appeared  in 
the  first  folio ;  while,  of  the  First  Part  of  Henry  IV.,  no 
less  than  six  quartos  were  printed;  and,  although 
Henry  V.  appeared  in  its  present  form  first  in  the  Folio 
of  1623,  it  was  printed  surreptitiously  in  quarto,  in  1600, 
under  the  title  of  The  Chronicle  History  of  Henry  the 
Fifth ;  which  Chronicle  History,  with  the  various  readings 
of  the  two  reprints  of  it,  printed  in  1602  and  1608,  is 
given  in  the  Appendix.  The  editors  hope  to  issue  their 
next  volume  in  August;  and  announce  as  in  preparation, 
and  to  be  published  uniformly  with  The  Cambridge  Shake- 
speare, &  Commentary,  Explanatory  and  Illustrative. 

Catalogue  of  the  Books  of  the  Manchester  Free  Library. 
Reference  Department.  Prepared  by  A.  Crest adoro, 
Ph..  D.  of  the  University  of  Turin,  Author  of  •*  The  Art 
of  Making  Catalogues  of  "Libraries."  (S.  Low.) 
We  may  well  congratulate  the  good  people  of  Man- 
chester on  the  Literary  Treasures  within  their  reach.  We 


Holy  doom. 


430 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


S.  V.  MAT  21,  '64. 


have  recently  bad  occasion  to  notice  the  admirable  Fourth 
Volume  of  the  Catalogue  of  the  Chetham  Library,  to  which 
the  inhabitants  of  the  great  manufacturing  metropolis 
have  free  access ;  and  now  our  attention  is  called  to  a 
very  valuable  Catalogue  of  that  most  useful  portion  of  a 
Library,  The  Reference  Department  of  the  Manchester 
Free  Library.  This  Catalogue  seems  to  us  extremely 
well  adapted  for  the  purpose  of  enabling  the  frequenters 
of  that  Library  tc  turn  it  to  good  account,  for  it  includes 
the  two  great  desiderata  in  all  Catalogues,  the  alphabeti- 
cal and  the  classified  arrangement ;  and  we  can  scarcely 
doubt,  from  the  examination  which  we  have  been  able  to 
make  of  the  book  before  us,  that  Mr.  Crestadoro  is  justi- 
fied in  congratulating  those  who  use  the  Library  in  its 
being  "  for  practical  utility  and  adaptation  in  its  pur- 
pose, and  for  just  distribution  among  all  the  Departments 
of  Science  and  the  Arts,  a  Library  that  may  challenge 
comparison  with  any  of  its  size  in  the  world."  The 
Library,  we  may  add,  is  no  less  rich  in  pamphlets  than  in 
larger  "works ;  and  those  who  founded  it  and  maintain  it 
well  deserve  all  the  praise  which  Mr.  Crestadoro  bestows 
upon  them,  and  the  additional  praise  of  having  turned  a 
fine  library  to  the  best  account  by  printing  an  extremely 
useful  Catalogue  of  it. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO  PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  ee  n  tie  men  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose:  — 

MALONK'S  SHAKBSPEARB,  16  Vols.     Dublin,  1794.    Vol.  XVT.    Boards. 
BTRON'S  LIFB  AND  WORKS,  17  Vols.  1832.    Vol.  VII.    Cloth. 
Wanted  by  Mr.  John  Mayne,  Post  Office,  Belfast 

THE  LAND  WE  LIVE  IN.    Vol.  IV.    Charles  Knight.    In  the  original 


cloth. 
Wi 


ESLKV'S   CHRISTIAN  LIBRARY.     Vol.  XXXVII.  of  60- Vol.  edition. 
Calf. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  J.  Kinsman,  2,  Chapel  Street,  Penzance. 


to 


FAMILY  QUERIES.  The  increasing  number  of  these  Queries  compels  its 
to  inform  our  Correspondents,  that  where  such  Queries  relate  to  Persons 
awl  FamiUes  not  nf  general  interest,  the  Querist  must  in  all  cises  state 
in  his  communication  where  the  Replies  will  reach  him  ;  as,  though  wil- 
ling, at  far  as  possible,  to  give  facilities  for  such  inquiries,  We  cannot 
give  up  our  space  for  Replies  which  are  worse  than  useless  to  the  ma- 
jority of  our  Readers. 

To  our  Correspondents  generally  let  us  here  suggest,  though  We  do 
not  insist  upon  it  — 

1.  That  Contributors  to  "  N.  &  Q."  append  their  name  and  address. 

2.  That,  in  writing  anonymously,  they  give  the,  same  guarantee  pri- 
vateln  to  the  Editor. 

3.  That  quotations  be  certified  by  naming  edition,  and  chapter  or  page; 
references  to  '•  N.  Hi  Q."  by  series,  volume,  and  page. 

4.  That  in  all  cases  Proper  Names,  at  least,  be  clearly  and  distinctly 
written. 

J.  O.  8.  will  find,  in  Gray's  Education  and  Government,  the,  couplet— 
"  When  Love  could  teach  a  monarch  to  be  wise. 

And  gospel-light  first  dawn'd  from  Bullen's  eyes." 
L.    Handicap,  or  "  hand  i'the  can"  was  a  game  originally  played  by 
three  persons.    The  application  of  the  term  to  horse-racing  has  arisen 
from  one  »r  more  persons  being  chosen  tomake  the  award  between  parties 
who  put  down  equal  sums  of  money  on  entering  horses  fur  a  race. 


•  H  J3'  T-7?6  Chronicle  of  Gregory  of  Tours  has  not  been  translated 
ljf°  f  n"/]*7/  "*  *  Antiquarian  Library  is  now  the  property  of 

ENQUIHRR.    The  quotation,"  A  thing  of  beauty  is  a  joy  for  ever,"  oc- 
curs in  Keats's  Endymion,  line  1. 

C.  S.  W.    The  lines  culdressed  to  Liberty  are  in  Addison's  poem  "A 

Letter  from  Italy."    See  Chalmers's  edition  of  the  English  Poets,  ix.  531  . 

GRIME.    There  is  no  English  translation  of  the  Pupilla  Oculi  ofJoh. 

*fcSV  SriTiyS'-  Jfwe  ^v  bflieve  fhe  vergers  in  many  of  our  cathedrals, 
the  tombs  of  Bishops,  said  to  have  died  bu  attempting  to  fast  during  the 
forty  days  of  Lent,  are  by  no  means  uncommon,  e.  g.  Bishop  Lacy  at 


Exeter;  Bishop  Fleming  at  Lincoln;  Bishops  Fox  and  Gardiner  at 
Winchester.  Vide  "  N.  &  Q."  1st  S.  v.  301,  &c. 

C.  HOLME.  For  the  etymology  nf  the  local  name  Flass,  see  our  1st  8. 
xii.74, 112,  150,  175,234;  and  for  that  of  Caterpillar,  2nd  S.  i.  65,  143, 
302, 357. 

***  Cases  for  binding  the  volumes  <?/"N.  &  Q."  may  be  had  of  the 
Publisher,  and  of  all  Booksellers  and  Newsmen. 

NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publisher  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  INDEX!  is  Us.  4rf.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order, 
payable  at  the  Strand  Post  Office,  in  favour  of  WILLIAM  G.  SMITH,  W, 
WELLINGTON  STRBKT,  STHAND,  W.C.,  to  whom  all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR 
TH«  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 

"  NOTES  &  QUERIES  "  is  registered  for  transmission  abroad. 


HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES:- 
Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24s. 
per  dozen. 

White  Bordeaux  24«.  and  30s.  perdoz. 

Good  Hock 30*.    „     36s.        „ 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne 36s.,  4 vs.    „     48s.       „ 

Good  Dinner  Sherry 24s.    „     fOs.       „ 

Port  24s.,  30s.    „     36s.       „ 

They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120s.  perdoz. 

Vintage  1834 „   108s.       „ 

Vintage  1840 ,     84s.       „ 

Vintage  1847 72s.       „ 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry,  36s., 42s. 
48s.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s.,  42s.,  48s. ,60s.,  72s.,  84s.;  Hochhei- 
mer,  Marcobrunner,  Rudesheimer,  Steinberg,  Leibfraumilch,  60s.; 
Johannesberger  and  Steinberger,  72s.,  84s.,  to  120s.;  Braunberger,  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48s.  to  84s.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48s.,  60s.,  6<is., 
78s.;  very  choice  Champagne,  66s.  78s.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Lachrymae  Christi,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  doz.; 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 


EAU-DE-VIE.— This  pure  PALE  BRANDY,  18*. 
per  gallon,  is  peculiarly  free  from  acidity,  and  very  superior  to 
recent  importations  of  Cognac.  In  French  bottles,  38s.  per  doz.;  or  in 
a  case  for  the  country,  39s.,  railway  carriage  paid.  No  agents,  and  to 
be  obtained  only  of  HENRY  BRETT  &  CO.,  Old  Furnival's  Distillery, 
Holborn,  B.C.,  and  30,  Regent  Street,  Waterloo  Place,  S.W.,  London, 
Prices  Current  free  on  application. 


DOTESIO'S    D  E  P  6  T,    95,    REGENT    STREET, 
QUADRANT, 

For  the  Sale  exclusively  of  the  fine  Bordeaux,  Burgundies,  Cham- 
pagnes and  Cognacs  of  France,  in  their  pure  natural  state. 

Cellars  and  Counting-house  as  above,  and  Orders  taken  also  at  the 

Restaurant, 
No.  9,  RUE  DE  CASTIGLIONE,  PARIS. 


THE  PATENT  NEW  FILTER.— Dr.  Grant  says: 
"  As  pure  water  is  of  such  great  importance,  it  is  desirable  to  know 
that  Mr.  Lipscombe  is  by  far  the  most  experienced  and  best  of  all  the 
filter  makers."    Can  only  be  had  at  Mr.  Lipscombe's  Filter  Office,  233, 
Strand.    Prospectus  free. 

OND'S    PERMANENT   MARKING   INK. — 

The  original  invention,  established  1821,  for  marking  CRESTS, 
.  AMES.  INITIALS,  upon  household  linen,  wearing  apparel,  &c. 
N.B — Owing  to  the  great  repute  in  which  this  Ink  is  held  by  families, 
outfitters,  £c.,  inferior  imitations  are  often  sold  to  the  public,  which  do 
not  possess  any  of  its  celebrated  qualities.    Purchasers  should  there- 
fore be  careful  to  observe  the  address  on  the  label,  10,  BISHOPSGATE- 
STREET  WITHIN,  E.C.,  without  which  the  Ink  is  not  genuine. 
Sold  by  all  respectable  chemists,  stationers,  &c.,  in,  the  United  King- 
dom, price  Is.  per  bottle;  no 6rf.  size  ever  made. 

NOTICfe..- REMOVED  from  28,  Long  Lane  (where  it  has  been 
established  nearly  half  a  century),  to 

10,  BISHOPSUATE  STREET  WITHIN,  E.G. 


nHUBB'S    LOCKS    and  FIREPROOF  SAFES, 

\J  with  all  the  newest  improvements.    Street-door  Latches,  Cash  and 

Deed  Boxes.    Full  illustrated  piice  lists  sent  free. 

CHUBB  *  SON,  57,  St.  Paul's  Churchyard,  London;  27,  Lord  Street, 

Liverpool;   16,  Market  Street,  Manchester;  and  Horseley  Fields, 

Wolverhampton. 


3*  S.  V.  MAT  21,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  IMS. 

WESTERN,   MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 
AND  METROPOLITAN    COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANN U IT f  SOCIETY. 

CHIEF  OFFICES  :  '.  PARLIAMENT  STREET.  LONDON,  and 
77, KING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


H.  E.Bicknell.Esq. 

S.  Somers  Cocke,  Esq.,  M.A., J.P. 
eo.  H.  Drew,  Esq.,  M.A. 
John  Fisher,  Esq. 
W.  Freeman, 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  B.  E.  Howard,  D.C.L. 

James  Hunt,  Esq. 
John  Leigh,  Esq. 
Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 


Charles  Frere, 
Henry  P.  Fuller, 


F.B.  Marson,  Esq. 
E.  Vansittart  Neale,  ] 


.Esq.,  M.A. 

Bonamy  Price,  Esq., M.A. 
Jas.  Lys  Seatrer,  Esq. 
Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 
John  B.  White,  Esq. 


J.  H.  Ooodhart,  Esq.,  J.P. 
.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,M.P. 
Peter  Hood,  Esq. 

Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary.— Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society  s  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  wilt  be  observed,  that  the  Kates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONOS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  tne  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MKDICJU,  MEN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for. their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHAROE  MADE  FOR  POMCT  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  livei,  and  of  ANNUITJBS 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal.  ^ 

Now  ready,  price  14s. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

On  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London  t  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 


O  S  T  E   O      E  I  1>  O  W. 

Patent,  March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

/GABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH   and 

\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE  OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 
VI,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London; 

134,  Duke  Street, Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth."    Post  Free  on  application. 

'  merican  Mineral  Teeth,  beet  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7.  10  and  15 
per  set,  warranted. 


R.    HOWARD,    SURGEON-DENTIST,    52, 

FLEET-STREET,   has   introduced    an   ENTIRELY   NEW 
.      3RIPT10N  of  ARTIFICIAL  TEETH,  fixed  without  springs, 
'I**8'  i°r  J'2.*ture?Y  1hey  80  Pertec'ly  resemble  the  natural  teeth  as 
ot  to  be  distinguished  from  the  originals  by  the  closest  observer  :  they 
will  never  change  colour  or  decay,  and  will  be  found  superior  to  any 
teeth  ever  before  uned.    This  method  does  not  require  the  extraction  of 
oots,  or  any  painful  operation,  and  will  support  and  preserve  teeth 
that  are  loose,  and  is  guaranteed  to  restore  articulation  and  mastica- 
tion.   Decayed  teeth  stopped  and  rendered  sound  and  useful  in  mas- 
tication.-52.  Fleet  Street.    At  Home  from  Ten  till  Five. 


PIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

WHITE    ROSE,    FRANGIPANNI,  GERA- 
['  E.VS5^_EET.  NEW-MOWN  HAY,  and 


1000  others.   2s.  6d.  each.-2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 


OLLOWAY'S   OINTMENT    AND    PILLS.— 

HEARTY  AND  HEALTHY. -The  experience  of  thousands 
othat  home  and  abroad  has  amply  demonstrated  the  power  possessed 
y  these  healing  and  purifying  remedies  of  removing  cutaneous  eiup- 
Uflju,  repairing  liberations,  and  relieving  fistulas  and  abscesses.   These 
-  -  frequently  rob  ife  of  every  comfort  through  the  reluctance 


hidden  e\ 


ii» _««•••••»  *******   *   «*i**«j  »w  B.AJJT  IMIC.     j.u<;  iMuimcni  tinu 

whirr,        » ^ewili?ucurt  bad  iegs'  scabby  rashes,  and  those  blemishes 
terious  drug?  "^  of  mercury  and  from  the  "»«  <*  °tker  dele- 


NORTH   BRITISH    AND    MERCANTILE 
INSURANCE   COMPANY. 

Established  1809. 

FIRE  AND  LIFE  INSURANCE  BUSINESS  of  every  description 
transacted  at  moderate  rates. 

The  usual  Commission  allowed  on  Ship  and  Foreign  Insurances. 
Insurers  in  this  Company  will  receive  the  full  benefit  of  the  reduc- 
tion in  Duty. 

Capital        -          .         -.«..-         -          *a. 
Annual  Income  - 
Accumulated  Funds  - 
LONDON-HEAD  OFFICES,  58,  Threadr 

WEST  END  OFFICE 


£9,233,027 

He  Street,  E.C. 


DEBENTURES   at  5,  5L   and  6   PER  CENT. 
CEYLON  COMPANY,  LIMITED.  Subscribed  Capital,  *350,000 


Duncan  James  Kay,  Esq. 
Stephen  P.  Kennard,  Esq. 
Patrick  F.  Rohertson,  Esq. 
Robert  Smith,  Esq. 


,£350,000. 

DIRECTOBS. 

Lawford  Acland,  Esq.,  Chairman. 
Major- General     Henry    Pelham 

Burn. 

Harry  George  Gordon,  Esq. 
George  Ireland,  Esq. 

MANAOBR— C.  J.  Braine,  Esq. 

The  Directors  are  prepared  to  issue  Debentures  for  one,  three,  and 
five  years,  at  5, 5j,  and  6  per  cent,  respectively.  They  are  also  prepared 
to  invest  money  ormortgaee  in  Ceylon  and  Mauritius,  either  with  or 
without  the  Guarantee  of  the  Company,  as  may  be  arranged. 

Applications  for  particulars  to  be  made  at  the  Office  of  the  Company, 
No.  12,  Leadenhall  street,  London,  E.C. 

By  Order,  JOHN  ANDERSON,  Secretary. 


STARCH  MANUFACTURERS 
TO  H.R.H.  THE  PRINCESS  OF  WALES. 

GLEN  FIELD     PATENT     STARCH, 
Used  in  the  Royal  Laundry. 
And  awarded  the  Prize  Medal,  1862. 
Sold  by  all  Grocers, Chandlers,  &c.,  &c. 


A  New  and  Valuable  Preparation  of  Cocoa. 

FRY'S 

ICELAND     MOSS     COCOA, 
In  1  lb.,  Jib.,  and  Jib.  packets. 

Sold  by  Grocers  and  Druggists. 
J.  S.  FRY  &  SONS,  Bristol  and  London. 


CHOCOXiAT  —  IVI  E  I*  I E  R. 

(Manufactured  only  in  France.) 

THE    HEALTHIEST,    BEST,  and  most  DELI- 
CIOUS   ALIMENT  for  BREAKFAST   KNOWN    SINCE  182S; 
DEFIES   ALL   HONEST   COMPETITION,  UNADULTERATED, 
HIGHLY  NUTRITIOUS  and  PURE.    Sold  in  i  lb  Packets. 

Also,  especially  manufactured  for  eating  as  ordinary  sweetmeats, 

or  at  Dessert  :  — 

Chocolate  Creams.       I  Chocolate  Nougat.        I    Chocolate  PraHn#. 
Chocolate  Almonds.    |  Chocolate  Pistaches.     |    Chocolate  Pastilles. 

Chocolate  Croquettss  and  Chocolate  Liqueres  (very  delicate). 

Wholesale,E.  GUENIN,  119.  Chancery  Lane,  London.    Retail,  by  all 

respectable  houses. 


.  SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE, 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 

"THE    ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERRINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
should  see  that  LEA  &  PERRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 
Bottle,  and  Stopper. 

ASK  FOB  LEA  AND  PEBRINS'  SAUCE. 

***  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors  Worcester) 
MESSRS.  CROSSE  and  BLACKWELL,  MESSRS.  BARCLAY  and 
SONS,  London,  «c.,  fee. ;  and  by  Grocers  and  Oilmen  universally. 


Dinneford's  Pure  Fluid  Magnesia 

Has  been,  during  twenty-five  years,  emphatically  sanctioned  by  the 
Medical  Profession,  and  universally  accepted  by  the  Public,  as  the 
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NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3s*  S.  V.  MAY  21,  '64. 


S.  '&  T.    GILBEKT 

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Chapters  III— V. 
May. 

Indian  Barracks  and  Hospitals. 
A  Question  concerning  England. 
The  Birth  of  the  Hyacinth. 


A  Campaigner    at  Home.  VT. 

Arrong  the  Wildfowl.     VII — 
Nutural  Historian:  St.  John  and. 

KOMCl. 

Three  Years  of  War  in  America. 
French  Lile.—IIL 
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rp HE  PATENT  NEW  FILTER.— Dr.  Grant  says: 

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ness  of  Production." 

Manufactory,  338,  Strand,  opposite  Somerset  House. 


3'd  S.  V.  MAY  28,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


431 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  MAY  28,  1864. 


CONTENTS. —No.  126. 

NOTES:  — The  English  Church  in  Rome,  431  — General 
Plagiarisms:  "the  Groves  of  Blarney,"  432 — Kilkenny 
Cats,  433-  Meaning  of  the  Word  "  Selah,"  Jb.  —  Funeral 
and  Tomb  of  Queen  Elizabeth  — The  Isle  of  Axholme  — 
Recusants,  temp.  James  I.—  Guadalquivir  —  Early  Inven- 
tion of  Rifling  —  Whittled  down,  434. 

QUERIES :  —  J.P.  Ardesoif  —  Rabbi  Abraham  aben  Hhaum 

—  Besson  the  Bookseller  —  Calcebps  —  T.  P.  Christian  — 
Three  Charles  Clarkes  —  Curious  Sign  Manual  —  Denmark 
and  Holstein  Treaty  of  1666  —  Games  of  Swans,  &c.,  what  ? 

—  Gloves  claimed  for  a  Kiss  —  Goldsmith's  Work  —  Hum 
and  Buz  —  Justice  —  Lines  on  Madrid  —  Mount  Athos  — 
Petrarch  —  "  Essay  on  Politeness  "  —  Quotations  —  Rich- 
mond Court  Rolls  —  "  The  Rueful  Quaker  "  —  Savoy  Rent 

—  Talbot  Papers  —  William  Thomson  —  Sir  Thomas  Wal- 
singham  —  John  Wood,  435. 

QUEKIES  WITH  ANSWERS  :  — Brandt's  "  Ship  of  Fooles"  — 
Parliamentary  Sittings  —  Sir  Thomas  Lynch  — Esquires' 
Basts  —  Mrs.  Ann  Morell,  437. 

REPLIES:  — "The  Black  Bear,"  at  Cumnor,  438  — Ivan 
Yorath,  439  —  Seneca's  Prophecy  of  the  Discovery  of  Ame- 
rica, &c.,  440  —  Mediceval  Churches  in  Roman  Camps,  441  — 
Morganatic  and  Morgengabe,  Ib.  —  Cobbett  —  Lasso,  and 
similar  Weapons  —  Robin  Adair  —  Quotations —  "  Miscel- 
lanea Curiosa  "  —  Surnames  —  Sir  Edward  Gorges,  Knt.  — 
Language  used  in  Roman  Courts,  &c.  —  'S.naprriv  eAa^*?, 
K.  T.  A. —  The  Ballot:  "Three  Blue  Beans,"  &c.  —  John 
Braham  the  Vocalist  —  Anglo-Saxon  and  other  Mediaeval 
Seals  —  A  Bull  of  Burke's  —  Engraving  by  Bartolozzi  — 
Sir  John  Jacob  of  Bromley  —  Cbaperone  —  Upper  and 
Lower  Empire  —  A  Passion  for  Witnessing  Executions  — 
Folk  Lore  in  the  South-east  of  Ireland,  &c.,  442. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


THE  ENGLISH  CHURCH  IN  ROME. 

The  Daily  Telegraph  (Feb.  19,  1864,)  remarks, 
by  way  of  contrast  with  an  act  of  the  Sultan  for 
promoting  greater  religious  freedom  within  his 
dominions,  that  — 

"  The  twelve  or  fourteen  thousand  wealthy,  or  well-to-do 
Protestants,  who  flock  to  Rome  for  the  winter,  are  obliged 
to  worship  in  a  barn-like  building  outside  the  gates  of 
the  town.  .  .  ." 

Why  "obliged"?  Does  the  writer  mean  to 
pretend  that  the  building,  used  as  their  church, 
was  not  deliberately  chosen  by  the  English  them- 
selves ?  Does  he  affect  to  believe  that  the  selec- 
tion was  in  any  way  enforced  or  suggested  by  the 
Romish  authorities  ?  At  all  events,  this  I  can 
say  :  It  was  the  Rev.  Mr.  Woodward  himself,  who 
related  to  me  the  circumstances  connected  with 
the  establishment  of  the  church.  I  had  been 
asked  to  write  a  short  notice  of  it;  and,  accord- 
ingly, I  called  (April  20,  1858,)  on  the  chaplain, 
as  the  person  most  qualified  to  furnish  correct 
particulars.  In  giving  me  these,  Mr.  Woodward 
said,  that  he  hoped  I  would  make  a  point  of 
stating  how  unfair  were  the  remarks  which  often 
appeared  in  the  English  newspapers  on  this  sub- 
ject. He  wished  it  to  be  publicly  known  that  the 
greatest  courtesy  and  forbearance  had  been  uni- 
formly practised  towards  him  by  the  authorities. 


When  it  was  determined,  on  account  of  increased 
demand  for  space,  and  by  reason  of  inconvenience 
caused  by  the  private  occupation  of  the  house  in 
an  upstairs  room  of  which  the  service  was  held, 
to  make  considerable  alterations  for  the  purpose 
of  uniting  this  private  dwelling  with  the  adjoin- 
ing house,  Cardinal  Antonelli  sent  unofficially  to 
him,  and  requested,  while  entire  freedom  was 
allowed  within,  that  nothing  should  appear  on  the 
exterior  of  the  building,  so  altered,  which  could 
offend  the  religious  feeling  of  the  inhabitants  of 
Rome.  The  church  is  outside  the  Porto  del 
Popolo,  solely  because  at  that  spot  was  to  be  had 
a  suitable  house  at  a  moderate  rent — most  posi- 
tively, for  no  other  reason. 

"  And,"  said  Mr.  Woodward,  "you  know,  as  a  visitor 
of  Rome,  that  a  more  convenient  place  could  not  be  found, 
being  so  exactly  in  the  English  quarter  of  the  town, 
unless,  indeed,  we  could  get  the  Piazza  di  Spagna ;  but 
that  is  out  of  the  question,  on  account,  not  only  of  the 
enormous  rents,  but  because  the  houses  let  so  well  for 
apartments." 

Those  who  have  not  visited  Rome,  may  per- 
haps picture  the  English  furtively  slinking  out  of 
the  gates  to  their  weekly  service.  But  what  is 
the  actual  state  of  things  ?  I  venture  to  say  that, 
in  the  matter  of  dress  and  equipages,  there  is. 
(or  was  in  1858)  more  display  than  can  be  seen 
at  any  church  in  Rome.  Eight  or  ten  carriages 
in  waiting  outside,  is  quite  an  ordinary  sight. 
Nay,  the  Roman  youths  (mass  being  concluded 
some  half  hour  or  so  before  the  English  service) 
are  drawn  up  in  the  Piazza  del  Popolo  to  see  the 
English  ladies  pass  on  their  way  home. 

No  worthy  object  can  be  gained  by  continually 
suggesting,  that  the  English  have  been  thrust 
beyond  the  walls  of  Rome,  when  they  went  there, 
as  I  have  said,  of  their  own  accord.  If  such  a 
topic  is  suited  to  this  publication,  I  hope  that 
these  remarks  may  be  allowed  to  appear :  the 
rather,  as  nothing  came  of  the  proposition  before 
mentioned. 

When  I  had  written  the  above,  it  occurred  to 
me  that  my  note  would  derive  additional  force 
from  the  sanction  of  Mr.  Woodward.  On  the 
receipt  of  a  copy,  that  gentleman  favoured  me 
with  the  following  reply  :  — 

«  g1R> — i  am  glad  you  wrote  to  me,  as  I  am  thus 
enabled  to  correct  some  circumstantial  inaccuracies  in 
the  paper  which  you  sent  me. 

"  The  history  of  the  English  Service  being  performed 
in  its  present  locality  is  exactly  this.  In  the  year  1824, 
a  notion  having  got  about  that  the  govei'nment  of  the 
day  looked  with  jealousy  at  the  performance  of  the 
English  Service,  the  proprietor  of  the  room  then  used  for 
the  purpose  refused  to  renew  the  Lease,  which  had  just 
expired.  For  the  same  reason  the  Committee  of  Manage- 
ment failed  in  several  attempts  to  procure  a  Lease  else- 
where, till  at  length  they  succeeded  in  finding  a  room 
just  outside  the  Porta  del  Popolo,  which  they  at  once 
took  on  Lease,  and  which  in  their  minutes  of  March  23, 
1825  they  describe  as  'eligible  in  all  respects  for  our 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3>'d  S.  V.  MAY  28,  '64. 


purpose.5  Up  to  this  date  the  Service  had  been  always 
within  the  walls.  But  in  all  the  transactions  referred  to, 
which  were  spread  over  many  months,  it  does  not  ap- 
pear from  the  records  that  the  difficulty  encountered  by 
the  Committee  was  in  any  way  connected  with  that  cir- 
cumstance. There  -is  no  trace  whatever  of  the  question 
between  inside  and  outside  the  walls  having  been  raised. 
So  that  the  jealousy  of  the  Government  (if  it  existed,  ol 
which  there  is  no  kind  of  proof,)  had  regard,  not  to  the 
Service  being  performed  inside  the  walls,  but  to  its  being 
performed  at  all ! 

"  In  this  room,  chosen  by  the  English  themselves,  and 
considered  'eligible  in  all  respects  for  their  purpose, 
close  to  the  English  Quarter,  and  within  two  or  three 
minutes'  walk  of  the  principal  Hotels,  the  English  Ser- 
vice continued  to  be  held  for  upwards  of  thirty  years ; 
when,  from  circumstances  too  intricate  to  detail,  it  was 
transferred  to  the  building  next  door,  of  which  the  Pro- 
prietor offered  to  build  a  chapel  within  its  walls.  It  was 
with  reference  to  this  chapel  that  Cardinal  Antonelli, 
most  considerately,  sent  a  private  warning,  not  to  me, 
but  to  Lord  Lyons,  that  it  could  not  be  permitted  to 
have  externally  the  appearance  of  a  church  or  public 
institution  of  any  kind. 

"  It  is  hardly  accurate  to  say  that  '  the  utmost  cour- 
tesy and  forbearance  have  been  uniformly  practised  by 
the  authorities  towards  me;'  for  I  have  never  directly 
been  brought  into  contact  with  them  :  but  they  certainly 
have  been  practised  towards  the  English  generally.  In 
fact,  in  regard  of  this  matter  of  public  worship,  the 
English  are  treated  as  the  most  highly  favoured  nation, 
being  the  only  non-Roman  Catholic  nation  that  is 
allowed  to  have  public  worship  without  an  embassy. 
Moreover  the  Authorities  always  have  Gensdarmes  in 
attendance  both  to  keep  order  among  the  Carriages  which 
are  in  waiting  in  great  numbers,  and  to  prevent  the 
great  annoyance  which  I  am  told  used  to  exist,  of  people 
crowding  round  the  doors  to  see  the  congregation  com- 
ing out. 

"  The  Daily  Telegraph's  estimate  of  the  number  of 
Protestants  who  come  to  Rome  for  the  winter  is  prepos- 
terous. I  do  not  suppose  the  Protestants  of  all  nations 
and  denominations  amount  to  near  half  the  number 
specified.  And  of  these,  all  are  not  'obliged,'  as  the 
writer  says,  to  worship  in  the  English  Chapel,  seeing 
that  there  are  two  Protestant  Chapels  within  the  walls, 
one  in  the  American  Embassy,*  the  other  in  that  ol 
Prussia.  To  represent  our  Chapel  as  a  '  barn-like  build- 
ing,' is  simply  ridiculous.  But  if  it  were,  it  is  strange 
that,  in  making  such  a  statement,  the  writer  does  not 
see  that  he  is  casting  reproach  on  the  English  them- 
selves ;  for  I  am  sure  they  have  money  enough  to  make 
their  Chapel  internally  what  they  please. 

"  I  am,  your  obedient  Servt. 

"  F.  B.  WOODWARD. 
"  Rome,  March  11, 1864. 
"  P.S.  You  may  use  this  letter  as  you  please." 


*  This  account  scarcely  tallies  with  further  statement! 
in  the  same  article  of  the  Telegraph  to  the  effect,  tha 
"  not  more  than  a  year  ago,  half-a-dozen  Americai 
families,  who  used  to  assemble  every  Sunday  in  the 
drawing-room  of  a  fellow-countryman  residing'in  Rome 
for  the  purpose  of  worship  according  to  the  Presbyteriai 
form,  were  visited  by  the  police,  and  told  that  any  repeti 
tion  of  this  'offence'  would  cause  all  persons  joining  in 
the  act  to  be  at  once  sent  away."  Formerly,  as  I  can  sa1 
from  personal  experience,  there  was  afternoon  service  a 
the  Palazzo  Braschi  according  to  the  Church  of  England 
and  it  would  appear  that,  at  least,  there  is  no  truth  ii 
the  assertion,  that  the  morning  service  in  the  Presby 
terian  form  has  been  abolished. 


I  had  intended  to  incorporate  any  comments 
'hich  Mr.  Woodward  might  be  pleased  to  make ; 
ut,  on  reading  his  letter,  I  judged  that  by  giving 
t  entire  and  verbatim,  I  should  not  only  best 
erve  my  purpose,  but  also  follow  the  use  of 
.  &  Q."  and  the  natural  order  in  which  such 
ubjects  as  the  present  are  entertained. 

JOHN  A.  C.  VINCENT. 


GENERAL  PLAGIARISMS:  "THE  GROVES  OF 
BLARNEY." 

It  is  said  there  is  nothing  new  under  the  sun. 
Possibly.  If  this  be  so,  there  must  be  plagiarisms 
diurnally  to  an  extent  not  to  be  mentioned.  Two 
authors  may  hit  on  one  idea,  but  to  work  it  out 
dentically,  if  not  in  the  same  words,  looks  some- 
thing more  than  a  coincidence,  particularly  when 
one  may  have  written  a  long  time  in  advance  of 
:he  other.  I  have  met  with  literary  men  who 
aave  no  faith  whatever  in  originality ;  and  one, 
whose  opinion  I  value,  goes  far  to  convert  me  to 
bis  notion.  Some  time  ago,  I  confess,  I  was  par- 
ticularly struck  by  his  arguments,  and  since  that 
time  I  have  made  many  notes  of  what  look  un- 
commonly like  plagiarisms;  but  I  only  mention 
one  or  two  at  present,  trusting  that  will  be  enough 
to  evoke  further  opinion  on  this,  to  literary  men, 
all  important  question.  Up  to  a  recent  period  I 
was  under  the  impression  that  the  world-wide 
known  song  of  "  The  Groves  of  Blarney,"  was  cer- 
tainly original.  I  presume  the  readers  and  corre- 
spondents of  "N.  &  Q."  are  well  aware  of  the 
history  of  that  famous  piece  of  doggrel ;  but  it  will, 
no  douBt,  surprise  many  to  hear  that  it  is  not  only 
not  original,  but  stolen  from  another  very  famous 
doggrel  song  called  "  Castle  Hide."  Can  anyone 
furnish  a  copy  of  the  latter  ?  I  believe  it  is  known 
in  Cork  who  was  the  author.  It  commences  — 

"  As  I  roved  out  on  a  summer's  morning 
Down  by  the  banks  of  Blackwater  side, 
To  view  the  groves  and  meadows  charming, 
And  lovely  gardens  of  Castle  Hide." 

So  much  for  that.  There  is  something  more 
than  a  coincidence  in  a  passage  in  the  Deserted 
Village  by  Goldsmith,  and  Highland  Mary  by- 
Burns  :  — 

"  When  smiling  spring,"  &c. —  Goldsmith. 
"  When  summer  first,"  &c. — Sums. 
Goldsmith  wrote  before  "Rob  the  Ranter"  was 
born.     It  may  be  said  one  is  descriptive,  and  the 
other  an  invocation;  be  it  so.  How  will  that  alter 
the  great  fact  ? 

In  the  ballad  of  "  Lochinvar"  in  Marmion  will 
be  found  the  following  lines  :  — 
"  She  looked  down  to  blush. 

And  she  looked  up  to  sigh, 
With  reproof  on  her  lip, 
But  a  smile  in  her  eye." 


V.  MAY  28,  '64.  ] 


JSTOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


433 


In  Samuel  Lover's  song  of  "  Rory  O  More,"  we 
find  the  following  :  — 

«*  Oh !  Rory  be  easy,  sweet 

Kathleen  would  cry, 
With  reproof  on  her  lip, 
But  a  smile  in  her  eye." 

Rather  more  than  coincidence  this,   and  Scott 
wrote  before  Lover. 

In  reference  to  Mr.  Lover  I  may  observe,  that 
his  last  collection  of  Irish  songs,  ballads,  &c.,  is  a 
very  faulty  one;  but  it  is  not  worse  than  the 
many  that  preceded  it,  from  the  time  that  the 
Hon.  Charles  G.  Duffy,  late  M.P.  for  New  Ross, 
and  now  a  member  of  the  Australian  legislature, 
when  editor  of  the  Dublin  Nation,  made  a  very 
worthless  collection,  which  he  dignified  with  the 
title  of  the  Ballad  Poetry  of  Ireland  !  But  it  bore 
no  more  likeness  to  the  ballad  poetry  of  Ireland, 
than  a  nigger  does  to  Hercules. 

On  the  subject  of  Irish  songs  I  may  add,  that 
Mr.  Lover,  in  his  last  collection,  does  not  exhibit 
any  great  research,  for  in  reference  to  the  famous 
song  of  "  Molly  Brallaghan,"  he  says  the  author  is 
not  known,  but  supposed  to  be  a  lady.  Now,  the 
author  of  "  Molly  Brallaghan  "  was  a  person  named 
Murray,  a  very  comical  genus,  who  kept  a  public- 
house  and  singing-room  in  Temple  Bar,  Dublin, 
some  thirty-four  years  ago.  He  also  wrote  several 
others.  A  good,  and  well-selected  volume  of 
Irish  songs,  ballads,  &c.,  is  much  wanted ;  those  in 
'  print  at  the  present  are,  for  the  most  part,  the 
veriest  trash,  badly  selected,  and  worse  noted. 

Can  anyone  inform  me  where  I  can  get  a  collec- 
tion of  Irish  songs,  ballads,  &c.,  made  before  the 
opening  of  the  present  century  ?  S.  REDMOND. 

Liverpool. 


KILKENNY  CATS. 

I  have  often  wondered  why  none  of  your  cor- 
respondents who  are  natives  of,  or  residents  in, 
Kilkenny  have  given  you  the  real  version  of 
the  ^ tale  of  the  Kilkenny  cats.  I  have  seen  the 
subject  fiequently  noticed  in  the  columns  of 
•*  N.  &  Q.,"  but  I  have  never  seen  the  following 
accurate  version  of  the  occurrence,  which  led  to 
the  generally-received  and  erroneous  story  of  the 
Kilkenny  cats.  That  story  has  been  so  long  cur- 
rent that  it  has  become  a  proverb,  "  as  quarrel- 
some as  the  Kilkenny  cats," — two  of  the  cats  in 
which  city  are  asserted  to  have  fought  so  long 
and  so  furiously  that  nought  was  found  of  them 
but  two  tails  !  This  is  manifestly  an  Irish  exag- 
geration ;  and  when  your  readers  shall  have 
learned  the  true  anecdote  connected  with  the  two 
cats,  they  will  understand  why  only  two  tails  were 
found,  the  unfortunate  owners  "havin"-  fled  in 
terror  from  the  scene  of  their  mutilation? 

I  am  happy  in  being  able  to  state  that  neither 


Ireland  nor  Kilkenny  is  at  all  disgraced  by  the 
occurrence,  which  did  take  place  in  Kilkenny,  but 
which  might  havo  occurred  in  any  other  place  in 
the  known  world.  During  the  rebellion  which 
occurred  in  Ireland  in  1798  (or  it  may  be  in 
1803),  Kilkenny  was  garrisoned  by  a  regiment  of 
Hessian  soldiers,  whose  custom  it  was  to  tie  toge- 
ther in  one  of  their  barrack  rooms  two  cats  by  their 
respective  tails,  and  then  to  throw  them  face  to 
face  across  a  line  generally  used  for  drying  clothes. 
The  cats  naturally  became  infuriated,  and  scratched 
each  other  in  the  abdomen  until  death  ensued  to 
one  or  both  of  them,  and  terminated  their  suffer- 
ings. 

The  officers  of  Ihe  corps  were  ultimately  made 
acquainted  with  these  barbarous  acts  of  cruelty, 
and  they  resolved  to  put  an  end  to  them,  and  to 
punish  the  offenders.  In  order  to  effect  this  pur- 
pose, an  officer  was  ordered  to  inspect  each  bar- 
rack room  daily,  and  to  report  to  the  commanding 
officer  in  what  state  he  found  the  room.  The 
cruel  soldiers,  determined  not  to  lose  their  daily 
torture  of  the  wretched  cats,  generally  employed 
one  of  their  comrades  to  watch  the  approach  of 
the  officer,  in  order  that  the  cats  might  be  liberated, 
and  take  refuge  in  flight  before  the  visit  of  the 
officer  to  the  scene  of  their  torture.  On  one  occa- 
sion the  "  look-out-man  "  neglected  his  duty,  and 
the  officer  of  the  day  was  heard  ascending  the 
barrack-stairs  while  the  cats  were  undergoing  their 
customary  torture.  One  of  the  troopers  imme- 
diately seized  a  sword  from  the  arm-rack,  and 
with  a  single  blow  divided  the  tails  of  the  two 
cats.  The  cats  4>f  course  escaped  through  the 
open  windows  of  the  room,  which  was  entered 
almost  immediately  afterwards  by  the  officer,  who 
inquired  what  was  the  cause  of  two  bleeding  cats' 
tails  being  suspended  on  the  clothes  line,  and  was' 
told  in  reply  that  "two  cats  had  been  fighting  in 
the  room  ;  that  it  was  found  impossible  to  separate 
them ;  and  that  they  fought  so  desperately  that 
they  had  devoured  each  other  up,  with  the  exception 
of  their  two  tails"  which  may  have  satisfied  Captain 
Schummelkettel,  but  would  not  have  deluded  any 
person  but  a  beery  Prussian. 

I  heard  this  version  of  the  story  of  the  Kilkenny 
cats  in  Kilkenny,  forty  years  ago,  from  a  gentleman 
of  unquestioned  veracity,  and  I  feel  happy  in  sub- 
mitting it  to  your  numerous  readers. 

JUVERNA. 


MEANING  OF  THE  WORD 


(SELAH). 


Amongst  the  various  meanings  given  to  this 
word  by  Rabbinical  and  Christian  writers,  such 
as  Aben  Ezra,  Kimchi,  Gesenius,  Ewald,  Her- 
der, De  Wette,  Tholuck,  Hengstenberg,  and  Ro- 
senmuller,  there  are  two  which  seem  to  me  to 
include  nearly  all  the  arguments  which  etymology 
and  grammar  appear  to  require. 


434 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  V.  MAY  28,  '64. 


The  first  meaning  is  that  given  by  Kimchi,  in 
his  Commentary  on  Psalm  in.  These  are  his 
words :  — 

"This  word,  H^D,  has  not  any  meaning  corresponding 
with  that  of  the  context.  It  is,  indeed,  a  note  in  music, 
so  that  the  musicians  might  be  reminded  when  they  came 
to  certain  parts  of  the  tune.  It  seems  this  word  is  not 
found  in  Scripture,  except  in  the  poetical  part? :  and  of 
those,fonly  in  the  Psalms  and  the  prayer  of  Habbakuk. 

In  my  opinion  the  root  of  the  word  is  77D,  and  n  is  pa- 
ragogic ;  for  the  accent  is  always  on  the  penultimate.  Its 
meaning  is,  a  lifting  up,  or  elevation,  as  applied  to  the 
voice ;  i.  e.  it  denotes  a  elevation  of  the  voice."  (See  The 
Psalms  in  Hebrew;  with  a  Critical,  Exegetical,  and  Philo- 
logical Commentary,  by  the  Rev.  G.  Phillips,  B.D.,  vol.  i. 
Introduction,  Ix.  London,  1846.) 

The  second  meaning  is  that  given  by  Mendels- 
sohn, who  maintains  — 

**  that  as  a  chorus  is  often  met  with  in  the  Psalms,  J"PD 
was  written  by  the  chief  musician  as  a  sign  by  which  the 
congregation  might  know  when  they  were  to  join  in  the 
music  of  this  term." 

It  is  also  probable  that  the  word,  in  process  of 
time,  obtained  a  more  extensive  use  than  is  im- 
plied in  its  strict  and  literal  meaning.  It  appears, 
therefore,  from  some  of  the  places  where  it  is 
found,  that  it  serves  to  mark  a  change  in  the  sub- 
ject of  the  Psalm ;  and  we  may  infer  as  a  conse- 
quence, that  it  serves  also  to  mark  a  change  in  the 
singing  or  music.  (See  the  Work  of  Rev.  G. 
Phillips,  ut  supra.} 

These  meanings  appear  to  include  all  that  is 
necessary,  to  complete  the  sense  of  the  Psalms 
where  the  word  occurs.  Professor  Lee  says  it 
means  praise,  and  is  derived  from  an  Arabic  root 
signifying  "  he  blessed,"  and  corresponds  with  the 
word  amen,  or  the  Doxology.  (See  his  Hebrew 
Grammar,  p.  383  (note).  But  his  opinion  is  not 
generally  followed. 

The  LXX.  translate  the  word  by  Atdtya\/ua; 
while  Aquila  renders  it  by  aei ;  Symmachus  by 
«is  rbv  aiava ;  and  Theodotion  by  eis  rcAos.  But  it 
would  be  endless  to  enter  into  all  the  details  con- 
nected with  this  hopeless  subject.  The  two  prin- 
cipal meanings  which  I  have  given,  will,  perhaps, 
be  satisfactory  to  those  who  take  an  interest  in 
such  matters.  Further  particulars  will  be  found 
in  Noldius  (Concord.  Part.  Annotations  et  Vin- 
dicicB,  Num.  1877).  J.  DALTON. 

Norwich. 


FUNERAL  AND  TOMB  OF  QUEEN  ELIZABETH.  — 
The  following  items,  from  certain  original  Ex- 
chequer documents  which  I  have  lately  examined, 
give  the  names  of  the  artists  employed  on  the 
tomb  of  Queen  Elizabeth  ;  probably  not  other- 

*  It  occurs  seventy-one  times  in  the  Psalms,  and  three 
times  in  Habbakuk. 


wise  preserved,  and  which  may,  therefore,  be  in- 
teresting to  some  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
«  28  Aug.,  1607. 

Dets  due  at  her  late  Ma*  death, 

and  payed  sinse. 

"  To  Sr  John  fortescue  for  the  funerall 
charges  of  the  late  Queen, 

xvijm  ccci11  v*  vid 
(17,30R  5s.  6d) 

Charges  of  the  tomb  for  the  late  Queene : 
Maximilian  Powtvan  .    .     Ql  xx11 ) 
Patrick  the  blacksmith    iiij*x  xv11  V  viic  lxvu 
John  de  Crites  ye  painter    .     .     c"J      besides 
stone,  wch  amounted  to  200  ib. 

(in)  all      965    0    0." 

E.  P.  SHIKLEY. 

118,  Eaton  Square. 

THE  ISLE  or  AXHOLME.— My  attention  has  re- 
cently been  drawn  through  objects  not  of  an  anti- 
quarian nature,  to  the  singular  river  island  called 
Axholme,  in  the  county  of  Lincoln.  The  fertility 
of  its  soil,  subdivision  of  land  among  small  pro- 
prietors, cultivation  of  potatoes  and  flax,  and  the 
poverty  of  its  inhabitants,  cause  it  to  resemble  in 
some  respects  a  province  of  Ireland.  At  the  time 
of  Mr.  Stonehouse,  its  historian,  1839,  from  among 
its  twelve  thousand  population,  no  fewer  than  one 
thousand  were  freeholders,  a  proportion  probably 
unique  in  the  kingdom.  Three  eminent  anti- 
quaries— Sir  John  Feme,  author  of  the  Blazon  of 
Gentry;  James  Torre,  who  died  1619,  a  laborious 
collector  of  Yorkshire  antiquities;  and  George 
Stovin,  who  died  in  the  last  century,  were  natives 
of  the  district;  nor  can  we  forget  Wesley  was 
born  at  Epworth,  the  principal  town  of  thejsland. 
A  colony  of  French  and  Dutch  refugee  emigrants 
once  flourished  in  the  neighbourhood,  and  slight 
traces,  I  believe,  exist  of  them  to  the  present  day. 
Drainage  has  changed  the  course  of  the  Don  and 
Idle  rivers,  and  altered  the  ancient  character  of 
the  country ;  but  churches  of  considerable  archi- 
tectural pretension,  relics  of  crosses,  a  hermitage 
at  Lindholme,  &c.,  give  much  antiquarian  interest 
to  this  peculiar  district. 

THOMAS  E.  WINNINGTON. 

RECUSANTS,  temp.  JAMES  I.  —  During  the  reign 
of  James  I.  the  bishops  received  orders,  at  the 
suggestion  of  the  chancellor,  to  issue  a  sentence  of 
formal  excommunication  against  recusants.  One 
of  the  results  of  this  excommunication  would 
be,  I  presume,  denial  of  burial  in  consecrated 
ground.  At  Allenmoor,  near  Hereford,  this  seems 
to  have  led  to  a  riot,  which,  but  for  the  Earl  of 
Worcester,  might  have  proved  a  formidable  in- 
surrection. In  other  places  probably  the  same 
prohibition  would  be  carried  into  effect.  Mean- 
while, by  another  law,  any  person  burying  in  other 
than  consecrated  ground,  was  liable  to  a  fine  of 
100/.  What  were  the  Nonconformists  to  do,  and 
what  did  they  do?  May  this  law,  at  a  later 


3'dS.V.  MAY  28, '04.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


435 


period,  have  led  to  the  'formation  of  "  Quakers' 
Yards  "  referred  to  by  your  correspondent  LLWYD 
(3rd  S.  v.  194)  ?  A.  E.  L. 

GUADALQUIVIR. — The  critic  in  The  Times  news- 
paper of  March  26,  derives  the  name  of  this  river 
from  the  Arabic  Wady— that  is,  the  valley  of 
so-and-so.  But  surely  this  is  both  incorrect  and 
unmeaning;  as  the  word  river,  or  water,  as  he 
himself  abundantly  shows,  enters  almost  always 
into  the  actu.al  name  of  a  river.  Gua  is  evidently 
agua,  for  the  Latin  aqua,  as  in  the  word  used  for 
brandy — guardiente,  or  agua  ardiente.  Guadal- 
quivir most  probably  means  "the  river  of  the 
green  meadow." 

The  same  critic  finds  the  word  bod,  a  house,  to 
be  the  first  element  of  Boscombe  ;  whereas,  to  us, 
it  is  evidently  box  or  bush.  "  The  bushy  dell," 
being  the  translation  of  Boscombe. 

To  talk  of  something  else:  Is  not  the  proper 
pronunciation  of  tea — te-d  ?  The  Chinese  call  it 
tshah  ;  and  those  who  adopted  our  way  of  spelling 
it,  probably  intended  the  word  to  be  pronounced 
as  I  have  suggested,  with  the  diaeresis.  How 
much  wanted  in  our  printing  are  a  few  diacritical 
signs,  especially  in  all  those  words  in  which  e  and 
a  do  not  coalesce  in  sound!  What  a  pity  our 
printers  do  not  adopt,  in  all  these  cases,  the  diae- 
resis !  Suppose  idea,  Crimea,  and  preamble, 
sounded  like  sea,  pea,  and  dream  (as  we  have 
heard  them),  how  can  one  blame  the  person  who 
follows  the  obvious  analogy  of  spelling  ?  For  the 
same  reason,  North  Americans  call  New  Orleans, 
New  Orleens. 

For  our  three  different  sounds  of  th,  we  also 
want  distinct  characters  :  that  (soft),  thick  (hard), 
and  Ant-hony  (divisive),  like  the  German  t-hun, 
should  surely  be  distinguished  to  the  eye  as  well 
as  the  ear.  The  Phonographic  News  was  built 
upon  a  real  want.  Who  will  invent  a  simple  type 
(will  the  Saxon  do  ?)  for  these  different  sounds, 
and  secure  their  general  adoption  ?  O.  T.  D. 

EARLY  INVENTION  OF  RIFLING.  —  In  Sir  Hugh 
Plat's  Jewel-House  of  Art  and  Nature,  1653  (1st 
edition  1594),  the  17th  article  runs  thus:  — 
"  How  to  make  a  Pistol,  whose  Barrel  is  2  Foot  in  Length, 
to  deliver  a  Bullet  point  blank  at  Eightscore. 

"A  pistol  of  the  aforesaid  length,  and  being  of  the 
petronel  bore,  or  a  bore  higher,  having  eight  gutters 
somewhat  deep  in  the  inside  of  the  barrel,  and  the  bullet 
a  thought  bigger  than  the  bore,  and  so  rammed  in  at  the 
first  three  or  four  inches  at  the  least,  and  after  driven 
down  with  the  scouring  stick,  will  deliver  his  bullet  at 
such  distance.  This  I  had  of  an  English  gentleman  of 
good  note  for  an  approved  experiment." 

JOHN  ADDIS. 

WHITTLED  DOWN. — This  expression  is  generally 
considered  to  be  purely  an  Americanism,  but  it  is 
to  be  found  in  Horace  Walpole's  letter  to  Mann 
of  Oct.  14,  1746.  He  is  speaking  of  our  losses  in 
the  battle  of  Rocoux,  and  says  — 


"  We  make  light  of  it ;  do  not  allow  it  to  be  a  battle, 
but  call  it « the  action  near  Liege.'  Then  we  have  whittled 
down  our  loss  extremely,  and  will  not  allow  a  man  more 
than  three  hundred  and  fifty  English  slain  out  of  four 
thousand." 

A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 


J.  P.  ARDESOIF,  a  lieutenant  in  the  Royal  Navy, 
published  An  Introduction  to  Marine  Fortification 
and  Gunnery,  in  two  parts.  Gosport,  8vo,  1772. 
More  about  him  will  be  acceptable.  S.  Y.  R. 

RABBI  ABRAHAM  ABEN  HHAUM,  a  Spanish  Jew 
in  the  twelfth  century,  left  two  works ;  one  on 
the  preparation  of  colours  and  gilding  for  the 
illumination  of  MSS. ;  and  the  other  on  the  initial 
ornamental  letters  of  MSS.  of  the  law.  Where 
are  these  MSS.  now  ?  SIGMA-THETA. 

BESSON  THE  BOOKSELLER.  —  In  the  Cottonian 
MS.  Titus  B.,  vii.  fol.  96,  there  is  a  letter  from 
Thomas  Besson  to  the  Earl  of  Leicester  for  license 
to  print  certain  books  (1587).  He  was  an  English 
bookseller  at  Leyden.  Can  any  of  your  readers 
give  me  any  further  information  relating  to  him  ? 

E. 

CALCEBOS. — The  ancient  charters  of  the  Abbey 
of  Mont  St.  Michel  are  now  preserved  among  the 
archives  of  the  Departement  de  la  Manche  at  St. 
Lo.  Among  the  names  of  the  numerous  witnesses 
subscribed  to  them,  1  have  observed  Guilldlmus 
Calcebues,  Rualenth  Calcebos,  Rivallo  Calcebos. 
The  last  two  I  suppose  to  have  been  one  and  the 
same  person,  and  this  supposition  is  confirmed  by 
finding  subscribed  to  another  charter  Ruellen 
Canonicus.  Besides  which,  in  a  memorandum  of 
the  year  1155,  mention  is  made  of  Rualendus, 
Praepositus  de  Gener.  (Guernsey),  where  the 
abbey  had  possessions. 

There  can,  I  think,  be  little  doubt  that  Rualenth, 
Rivullo,  Ruellen,  Rualendus,  are  only  different 
forms  of  the  same  name.  And  if  so,  Calcebos  is 
probably  the  name  of  some  office  held  in  the 
abbey. 

Can  you  give  me  any  information  on  this  point  ? 

T.  P.  CHRISTIAN. — This  gentleman  wrote  a  play 
called  The  Revolution,  and  one  or  two  other  works. 
Mr.  Christian  was  a  lieutenant  in  the  navy.  Was 
he  a  native  of  the  Isle  of  Man  ?  IOTA. 

THREE  CHARLES  CLARKES. — Watt  ascribes  to 
Charles  Clarke,  F.S.A.  of  Balliol  College,  Oxford, 
the  works  of  three  persons  of  the  same  name, 
viz. :  — 

1.  Charles  Clarke,  F.S.A.  sometime  of  Balliol 
College,  Oxford,  whose  only  published  work  with 
which  I  am  acquainted  appeared  in  1751.  As  to 


436 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


;[3"»  S.  V.  MAY  28,  '64. 


him,  see  Nichols's  Lit.  Anecdotes,  iii.  530,  v.  447- 
454,  701,  702;  ix.  615;  Monthly  Review,  vi.  69; 
BiU.  Cantiana,  194. 

2.  Charles   Clarke,    Capt.   R.N.,   the   circum- 
navigator, who  died  at  sea,  22  Aug.  1779,  sst.  38. 
As  to  him,  see  Philos.    Trans.  Ivii.  75  ;  Annual 
Register,  xi.  68,  xiv.  159],  xxii.  203],xxiii.  194], 
218]  xxvii.  149;  Biog.  Brit.  ed.  Kippis,  iv.  193- 
236;  Kippis's  Life  of  Cook,  480.     He  is  often 
erroneously  called  Clerke. 

3.  Charles  Clarke,  F.S.A.  sometime  of  the  Ord- 
nance Office,  whose  works  appear  to  range  from 
1787  to  1820,  and  who  died  in  or  about   1841  at 
Camden   or   Kentish   Town.      As    to    him,    see 
Nichols's   Illusir.   Lit.  vi.   610-757;  Biog.   Diet. 

.Living  Authors;  Bibl  Cantiana,  153,  210,  211; 
Cruden's  Gravesend,  459  ;  Gent.  Mag.  N.  S.  xvii. 
342. 

I  am  desirous  of  ascertaining  — 

(i.)  When  the  first-mentioned  Charles  Clarke 
died? 

(ii.)  Whether  Nichols  is  correct  in  calling  him 
the  Rev.  Charles  Clarke  ? 

(iii.)  The  exact  date  of  the  death  of  the  third 
mentioned  Charles  Clarke  ? 

(iv.)  Whether  the  first  and  third  Charles  Clarke 
(each  of  whom  seems  to  have  been  connected  with 
Kent)  were  father  and  son,  or  how  otherwise 
related  ? 

The  compilers  of  the  Bodleian  Catalogue,  and 
the  Catalogue  of  the  Society  of  Antiquaries  (mis- 
led no  doubt  by  Watt)  have  also  confounded  the 
first^nd  third  of  these  persons.  S.  Y.  R. 

CURIOUS  SIGN  MANUAL.— At  the  time  Iconium 
was  the  capital  of  the  Turkish  world,  and  a  Sultan 
or  Khnn  unable  to  write  had  to  put  his  sign  ma- 
nual to  a  document,  he  was  wont  to  dip  his  hand 
in  ink,  and  leave  the  print  of  it  upon  the  paper. 
Have  any  of  your  readers  ever  seen  such  signa- 
tures, or  is  any  antiquary  able  to  state  whether 
such  a  custom  obtained  in  Christendom  in  remote 
times  ?  H.  C. 

DENMARK  AND  HOLSTEIN  TREATY  OF  1666. — 
In  the  Catalogue  of  the  Collection  of  MSS.  in  the 
Library  of  All  Souls  College,  Oxford,  printed  in 
1842,  under  the  care  of  the  Rev.  H.  O.  Coxe,  now 
principal  librarian  of  the  Bodleian,  in  the  notice  of 
vol.  ccxviii.  fol.  54  b,  is  an  entry  of  "  Letters  and 
Papers  having  reference  to  the  Treaty  of  the  King 
of  DENMARK  with  the  Duke  of  Hohtein,  1666." 
Where  can  I  find  any  further  notice  of  the  Treaty 
so  alluded  to,  and  what  were  its  particulars  ?  E. 

GAMES  OF  SWANS,  ETC.,  WHAT  ? — In  the  survey 
of  the  temporalities  of  the  Abbot  of  Glastonbury 
(Monast.,  vol.  i.  p.  11),  there  are  enumerated 
u  Games  of  Swannes,"  of  "  Heronsewes,"  and  of 
"Fesauntes."  It  may  be  surmised  this  means 
preserves  for  the  purpose  of  sport.  Is  the  word 


used  any  where  else  in  this  sense,  or  in  any  author 
on  Venerie?  Dame  Juliana  Berners  (Bake  of 
St.  Albans),  tells  us  we  should  say  "  an  herde  of 
swannys,"  "  a  nye  of  fesauntys,"  and  "  a  sege  of 
herons."  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner.  * 

GLOVES  CLAIMED  FOR  A  Kiss.— Perhaps  some  of 
your  readers  could  inform  me  how  the  custom 
arose  of  claiming  a  pair  of  gloves  by  a  kiss  when 
asleep  ?  WM.  F.  H. 

GOLDSMITH'S  WORK.  —  Is  there  any  small  work 
in  existence  which  treats  of  the  manipulatory  pro- 
cesses  of  the  goldsmith's  art  ?  SIGMA-THETA. 

HUM  AND  Buz.— Heraclitus  Ridens,  concerning 
whom  I  sometime  since  made  inquiry,  says, — 

"  Preserved  or  reserved,  'tis  all  one  to  us, 
Sing  you  Te  Deum,  we'll  sing  Hum  and  Buz" 

Vol.  ii.  p.  56. 

These  lines  are  put  into  the  mouth  of  an  oppo- 
nent. "Hum  and  Buz,"  look  like  "Humbug" 
writ  large.  Was  such  a  phrase  in  ordinary  use  ? 

B.  H.  C. 

JUSTICE.  —  When  was  the  designation  Justice 
first  applied  to  county  and  town  magistrates?  and 
when  did  it  fall  into  general  disuse  ?  When  did  it 
cease  to  be  usually  given  to  police  magistrates  ? 
I  believe  it  is  now  confined  to  the  judges  of  her 
Majesty's  courts  of  law,  or  of  assize,  as  "Mr. 
Justice  Talfourd,"  &c.  Magistrates  are  called,  as 
a  body,  "the  justices  of  the  peace,  "  but  the  title 
is  no  longer  colloquially  applied  to  individuals, 
unless  it  is  retained  in  any  part  of  the  country,  of 
which  I  am  not  aware.  The  initials  J.  P.  are  still 
frequently  attached  to  a  magistrate's  name  in 
printing  or  writing.  In  the  reign  of  Queen  Mary 
we  read  of  a  Middlesex  magistrate  "called  justice 
Tawe,  a  popish  justice,  dwelling  in  the  town  of 
Stretford  on  the  Bowe,"  whom  the  editor  of  Nar- 
ratives of  the  Reformation  (Carnden  Society,  1859), 
p.  160,  has  identified  with  John  Tawe,  a  bencher 
of  the  Inner  Temple,  and  treasurer  of  that  house 
6  Edw.  VI.  and  1  Mary.  In  the  plays  and  novels 
of  the  last  century  the  designation  appears  in  com- 
mon use ;  and  Fielding  himself  was  best  known  as 
Justice  Fielding.  J.  G.  N. 

LINES  ON  MADRID.  —  Mr.  Ford,  in  his  Hand' 
Book  for  Spain  (Part  n.  p.  662,  ed.  1855),  quotes 
the  following  lines  in  Spanish,  as  applicable  to  the 
capital  of  Spain  :  — 

*'  Quien  te  quiere — no  te  sabe : 
Quien  te  sabe — no  te  quiere." 

These  may  be  translated  thus  :  — 

"  He  who  likes  thee — does  not  know  thee ; 
He  who  knows  thee — does  not  like  thee." 

I  should  like  to  know  who  is  the  writer  of  the 
lines  in  Spanish.  J.  D  ALTON. 

Norwich. 


3**  S.  V.  MAY  28,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


437 


MOUNT  ATHOS.  —  Where  can  I  find  an  account 
of  the  mission  of  Minoides  Mynas,  who  was  sent 
by  the  French  government  to  Mount  Athos?  As 
I  wish  to  be  "posted  up"  in  accounts  of  the 
monastic  libraries  there,  I  shall  be  obliged  by  re- 
ference to  works  on  the  subject  since  Mr.  Cur- 
zon's.  I  have  seen  Bowen  and  Tozer's  in  the 
Vacation  Tourists.  What  is  the  present  state  of 
the  holy  mountain  ?  SIGMA-THETA. 

PETRARCH.  —  What  is  the  date  of  publication 
and  value  of  a  copy  of  Petrarch  which  I  can  only 
describe  as  dedicated  to  Marco  Antonio  da  Bo- 
logna by  Giovanni  Lanzo  Gabbiano?  In  the  pre- 
face, which  remains,  although  the  title-page  is 
gone,  an  allusion  to  Pope  Leo  (qy.  X.?),  coupled 
with  the  year  1523  in  pencil  on  the  cover,  seems 
to  fix  the  date  about  1520-3.  As  this  and  the 
above  may  be  sufficient  data,  I  will  extract  it. 
Gabbiano  says  to  M.  A.  da  Bologna  — 

"  Ne  voi  ne  persona  alcana  si  ammiri  che  io  di  eta  cosi 
tenera,  tanto  ardentemente  ami  e  diligentemente  desideri 
di  servire  colui,  il  quale  da  gentilhuomini  genernlmente  e 
da  signori  ed  al  fine  da  Papa  Leone  e  stato  sommamente 
vencrato  ed  amato." 

GEO.  MITCHELL. 

Walbrook  House,  37,  Walbrook. 

"  ESSAY  ON  POLITENESS." — Who  was  the  author 
of  An  Essay  on  Politeness,  Dublin,  1776? 

ABHBA. 

QUOTATIONS. — About  the  years  1836  or  1837,  a 
periodical  was  published  for  a  short  time,  of  which 
I  forget  the  name.  I  am  anxious  to  discover  it, 
and  also  for  special  reasons  desire  to  ascertain  the 
name  of  the  author  of  a  poem  which  appeared  iu 
it,  beginning  — 

"  I  had  no  friend  to  care  for  me, 

No  father  and  no  mother ; 
And  early  death  had  snatched  away 

My  sister  and  my  brother, 
And  flowers  had  co'vered  all  their  graves 
Ere  I  could  lisp  their  names,"  &c. 

I  have  no  clue  but  my  recollection  of  some 
frngments  of  the  poem,  of  which  I  have  given 
the  commencement;  but  I  think  it  was  some- 
where about  the  size  of  Chambers'  Journal,  First 
Series.  T.  B. 

RICHMOND  COURT  ROLLS. — Mr.  KNAPP  will  be 
much  obliged  for  any  information  as  to  the  Court 
Rolls  of  the  Manor  of  Richmond,  Surrey,  and  in 
particular  where  they  can  be  inspected. 

Llanfoist  House,  Clifton.  , 

"  THE  RUEFUL  QUAKER."  —  The  late  Maurice 
O'Connell,  M.P.,  wrote  something  with  the  above 
title.  Wrhere  can  I  get  a  copy  ?  S.  REDMOND. 

SAVOY  RENT. — Several  pieces  of  freehold  land 
in  the  parish  of  Shabbington,  Bucks,  pay  what  is 
called  a  Savoy  rent.  Can  any  of  your  readers  in- 
form me  the  origin  of  this  ?  No  work  is  done  or 
protection  given  in  return  for  this  vent.  The 


land  is  liable  to  be  flooded:  is  it  possible  that 
originally  it  was  a  payment  for  the  clearing  out  of 
the  river?  JOHN  SHELDON. 

TALBOT  PAPERS.  —  In  an  article  printed  in  the 
Records  of  Buckinghamshire,  vol.  i.,  on  Sir  John 
Fortescue,  of  Saiden,  mention  is  made  of  "  the  un- 
edited Talbot  Papers"  Can  any  of  your  readers 
say  where  these  papers  are  deposited  ?  or  where 
they  are  likely  to  be  heard  of?  They  are  not  in 
the  British  Museum.  KAPPA. 

WILLIAM  THOMSON.  —  Can  any  Scottish  corre- 
spondent give  me  any  information  regarding  this 
author,  who  was  a  blind  man,  and  published  at 
Perth,  in  1818,  Caledonia;  or,  the  Clans  of  Yore, 
a  Tragedy  in  five  acts,  dedicated  to  Sir  Murray 
McGregor  of  Lanrick,  Bart.  ?  In  a  MS.  list  of 
Perthshire  dramatists,  it  is  stated  that  the  tragedy 
was  acted  at  Perth.  In  Watt's  Biblioth.  Britan. 
the  authorship  of  Caledonia  is  erroneously  attri- 
buted to  W.  Thomson,  LL.D.  (a  native  of  Perth- 
shire), who  died  in  1817.  IOTA. 

SIR  THOMAS  WALSINGHAM.  —  Can  any  of  your 
readers  give  me  any  information  as  to  the  de- 
scendants (if  any)  of  Sir  Thomas  Walsingham,  of 
Scadbury  in  Kent,  who  married  Lady  Anne 
Howard,  daughter  of  Theophilus,  Earl  of  Suffolk  ? 
If  they  had  no  descendants,  did  the  property  go 
to  the  Honourables  Henry  and  Robert  Boyle, 
second  and  third  sons  of  Henry,  first  Earl  of  Shan- 
non ?  Their  great  grandmother  was  a  sister  of 
Lady  Anne  Walsingham's,  and  they  successively 
took  the  name  of  Walsinghara.  E.  M.  B. 

JOHN  WOOD,  sometime  Fellow  of  Sidney  Col- 
lege, Cambridge  (B.A.  1737-8;  M.  A.  1742;  B.D. 
1749),  was  Rector  of  Cadleigh,  Devonshire;  and 
published  Institutes  of  Ecclesiastical  and  Cici  I 
Polity,  London,  8vo,  1773,  and  An  Essay  on  the 
Fundamental  or  most  Important  Doctrines  of  Na- 
tural and  Revealed  Religion,  London,  8vo,  1775. 
The  date  of  his  death  will  oblige 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 


BRANDT'S  "Snip  or  FOOLES."  —  Would  you  in- 
form me  whether  a  copy  of  A.  Barclay's  "  Ship 
of  Fooles,"  date  1509,  was  printed  by  W.  de 
Worde  ;  and,  if  so,  what  is  now  the  value  of  that 
edition  ?  I  have  a  copy,  destitute  of  the  title- 
page,  and  one  or  two  leaves  of  dedicatory  verses, 
&c.,  and  one  or  two  other  faults  ;  but  not  wanting 
altogether  more  than  six  verses  (stanzas).  Xhe 
fragment  also  contains  "The  Mirror  of  good 
Manners"  of  the  same  date,  and  has  once  con- 
tained Barclay's  Eclogues,  but  these  are  nearly 
gone.  The  "  Ship  "  contains  Loches's  Latin  version 
from  Seb.  Brandt,  and  the  old  wood-block  engrav- 
ings, one  of  which  bears  the  date,  1494.  Could  you 


438 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  MAY  28,  '64. 


give  me  the  contents  of  the  title-page,  or  inform 
me  where  I  could  see  a  copy,  from  which  I  could 
repair  my  own.  THURMOND. 

[Richard  Pynson  was  the  printer  of  this  rare  book,  as 
will  appear  from  the  following  copy  of  the  title-page : 
"  This  present  Boke  named  the  Shyp  of  folys  of  the  worlde 
was  translated  in  the  College  of  saynt  mary  Otery  in  the 
counte  of  Deuonshyre :  out  of  Laten,  Frenche,  and  Doche 
into  Englysshe  tonge  hy  Alexander  Barclaye  Preste, 
and  at  that  tyme  chaplen  in  the  sayde  College :  trans- 
lated the  yere  of  our  Lorde  god  MCCCCCVIII.  Im- 
prentyd  in  the  Cyte  of  London  in  Fletestre  at  the  signe 
of  Saynt  George. "  By  Rycharde  Pynson  to  hys  Coste  and 
charge :  ended  the  yere  of  our  Sauiour  M.  d  ix.  The 
xmi.  day  of  December."  Folio,  pp.  556.  For  a  collation 
of  this  scarce  work  see  Bohn's  edition  of  Lowndes,  p.  255 ; 
and  for  a  copious  description  of  it,  with  specimens  of  the 
curious  engravings  on  wood,  Dibdin's  edition  of  Ames, 
ii.  431.  A  beautiful  copy  in  morocco  in  Bibl.  Anglo- 
Poetica,  105Z;  Inglis's  sale  (two  leaves  MS.),  6Z.  16s.  6rf.; 
Sir  Peter  Thompson's,  167. ;  Sotheby's  in  1821,  28/.  A 
copy  is  in  the  Grenville  Library,  British  Museum.] 

PARLIAMENTARY  SITTINGS.  —  I  observe  from 
Earl  Stanhope's  (Lord  Mahon)  History  that,  in 
the  reign  of  George  II.,  the  ordinary  hour  of 
meeting  of  the  Houses  of  Parliament  was  twelve 
o'clock,  noon.  At  what  time  subsequently  did 
the  present  practice  begin  of  their  assembling, 
generally,  in  the  evening  ?  J.  R.  B. 

["  The  Lords  usually  meet,  for  despatch  of  legislative 
business  "  (says  Mr.  May,  in  his  Parliamentary  Practice, 
p.  212,  fifth  edit.),  at  five  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  and 
the  Commons  at  a  quarter  before  four,  except  on  Wed- 
nesday, and  on  other  days  specially  appointed  for  morn- 
ing sittings.  The  sittings  were  formerly  held  at  an  early 
hour  in  the  morning,  generally  at  eight  o'clock,  but  often 
even  at  six  or  seven  o'clock,  and  continued  till  eleven, 
the  committees  being  appointed  to  sit  in  the  afternoon. 
In  the  time  of  Charles  II.  nine  o'clock  was  the  usual  hour 
for  commencing  public  business,  and  four  o'clock  for  dis- 
posing of  it.  At  a  later  period,  ten  o'clock  was  the  ordi- 
nary time  of  meeting ;  and  the  practice  of  nominally  ad- 
journing the  house  until  that  hour  continued  until  1806, 
though  so  early  a  meeting  had  long  been  discontinued. 
According  to  the  present  practice,  no  hour  is  named  by 
the  House  for  its  next  meeting,  but  it  is  announced  in 
the  Votes  at  what  hour  Mr.  Speaker  will  take  the  chair. 
Occasionally  the  House  has  adjourned  to  a  later  hour 
than  four,  as  on  the  opening  of  the  Great  Exhibition,  1st 
May,  1851,  to  six  o'clock,  and  on  the  Naval  Review  at 
Spithead,  llth  Aug.  1853,  to  ten  o'clock  at  night."] 

SIR  THOMAS  LYNCH.— Can  you  tell  me  in  what 
year  Sir  Thomas  Lynch  was  Governor  of  Ja- 
maica, and  whether  he  had  any  sons  or  daughters, 
and  who  they  married  ?  A.  R.  F. 

[Sir  Thomas  Lynch,  knt.  of  Esher  in  Surrey,  was  pre- 
sident and  thrice  governor  of  Jamaica.  In  1664,  Sir 


Charles  Lyttleton  left  the  government  of  that  colony 
under  the  care  and  direction  of  the  Council,  who  chose 
Col.  Thomas  Lynch  as  president.  He  was  appointed 
Governor  in  1670;  again  in  1681;  and  placed  for  the 
third  time  at  the  head  of  the  government  in  1683.  Sir 
Thomas's  first  wife  was  Vere,  daughter  of  Sir  George 
Herbert,  by  whom  he  had  Philadelphia,  who  married 
Sir  Thomas  Cotton,  Bart.,  of  Cumbermere,  and  had  issue 
nine  sons  and  six  daughters. 

Sir  Thomas  Lynch  married,  secondly,  Maiy,  daughter 
of  Thomas  Temple,  of  Frankton,  co.  Warwick,  Esq. 
This  lady  subsequently  married  Sir  Hender  Molesworth, 
governor  of  Jamaica.  Vide  Collins's  English  Baronetage, 
vol.  iii.  pt.  ii.  613 ;  iv.  29.] 

ESQUIRES'  BASTS.  —  I  have  never  yet  met  with 
an  explanation  of  the  above  in  the  coat  armour  of 
Mortimer,  Earl  of  March.  Could  you  or  any  of 
your  contributors  give  me  the  derivation  of  the 
word,  or  tell  me  where  one  is  to  be  found  ? 

R.  H.  RUEGG. 

[Robson  (British  Herald,  Appendix)  gives  the  follow- 
ing explanation  of  this  term :  "^jBase,  or  Baste  Esquire, 
also  termed  squire,  esquire,  and  equire,  resembles  the  gyron ; 
but  contrary  to  that  bearing,  which  cannot  extend  further 
than  the  middle  fesse  point,  runs  tapering  to  the  furthest 
extremity,  from  which  it  issues,  formed  like  the  gyron. 
by  a  straight  line  on  one  side,  and  a  beviled  one  on  the 
other."] 

MRS.  ANN  MORELL. — Wanted  the  parentage  of 
Mrs.  Ann  Morell,  wife  of  Dr.  Thomas  Morell, 
who,  in  the  year  1780,  held  the  vicarage  of  Chis- 
wick,  co.  Middlesex.  Also  if  the  said  Ann  had  a 
brother  William  ?  M.  M.  M. 

[Dr.  Thomas  Morell  married  in  1738,  Anne,  daughter  of 
Henry  Barker,  of  Grove  House,  near  Sutton  Court,  Chis- 
wick.] 


"THE  BLACK  BEAR,"  AT  CUMNOR. 
(3rd  S.  v.  376.) 

One  of  the  queries  of  your  correspondent  H.C. 
is  answered  by  the  following  extract  from  Hugh 
Usher  Tighe's  Historical  Account  of  Cumnor^  2nd 
edit.  Oxford,  1821 :  — 

"  In  allusion  to  one  circumstance,  which  makes  a  pro- 
minent figure  in  Kenilworth,  there  is  no  reason  to  suppose 
that  an  inn,  designated  '  the  Black  Bear,'  flourished  in 
Cumnor  in  the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth ;  but  the  spirit 
of  romance  has  penetrated  that  retired  spot ;  the  pride  of 
reputed  ancestral  renown,  and  the  solicitations  of  some 
romantic  Members  of  this  University  have  triumphed, 
and  the  sign  of '  the  Black  Bear '  has  been  recently  affixed 
to  the  public-house  in  the  village,  with  the  name  of 
'  Giles  Gosling '  inscribed  beneath  it." 

Sir  Walter  Scott's  romance  of  Kenilworth, 
charming  as  it  is,  has  no  pretence  to  historical 


&*  S.  V.  MAY  28,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


439 


accuracy  of  any  kind.  It  is  a  tissue  of  false 
statements  from  beginning  to  end.  He  took  no 
pains  to  collect  authentic  information  upon  any 
one  point,  nor  did  he  ever  visit  Cumnor,  as  your 
correspondent  naturally  supposes. 

In  1850,  Mr.  A.  D.  Bartlett,  of  Abingdon,  pub- 
lished An  Historical  and  Descriptive  Account  of 
Cumnor  Place,  in  which  very  interesting  book,  at 
p.  129, 1  find  the  following  passage  confirmatory 
of  what  has  bee'n  advanced :  — 

"  There  is  no  reason  to  believe  that  an  inn,  like  the  one 
described  by  Scott,  existed  at  Cumnor  in  the  reign  of 
Elizabeth,  and  both  that  and  the  landlord  of  the  inn 
were  purely  his  inventions ;  but  it  certainly  is  singular 
that  he  should  have  chanced  to  hit  upon  the  name  of  a 
person,  who  no  doubt  at  the  time  of  Lady  Dudley's  death 
was  living  in  the  village,  as  the  name  of  Frances  Gosling 
appears  in  the  parish  register  of  burials  in  1562 :  but  no 
other  mention  of  the  name  has  been  discovered  in  the 
subsequent  registers,  and  there  is  no  tradition  in  the  vil- 
lage of  the  family  having  lived  in  the  place ;  it  is  quite 
clear  that  this  was  the  surmise  of  Scott,  who  never  had 
access  to  the  register,  nor  was  he  ever  at  Cumnor." 

As  for  Anthony  Forster,  far  from  being  the 
"surly  domestic  represented  by  Scott,"  he  was 
a  gentleman  both  by  birth  and  education,  and  a 
respectable  one  to  boot.  Until  he  came  to  Cum- 
nor Place  nothing  whatever  is  known  of  where  he 
lived.  Wood,  Aubrey,  and  Ashmole  describe  him 
as  a  tenant  to  Lord  Dudley;  but  Mr.  Bartlett 
has  shown  that  when  poor  Amy's  death  happened, 
the  mansion  and  estate  belonged  to  William  Owen, 
of  whom  Forster  in  the  following  year  bought  it, 
and  subsequently  the  lordship  of  the  hundred  of 
Hormer. 

Mr.  Pettigrew,  in  his  Inquiry  concerning  the 
Death  of  Amy  Robsart  (an  able  paper  read  at  the 
Congress  of  the  British  Archasological  Associa- 
tion, held  at  Newbury  in  1859),  thus  concludes 
his  defence  of  the  supposed  murderers  of  this  un- 
fortunate lady  :  — 

"Great  cruelty  has  been  exercised  towards  Anthony 
Forster.  The  narratives  regarding  him  abound  with 
falsehood,  and  the  reports  of  his  condition  subsequent  to 
the  death  of  Lady  Dudley  are  most  calumnious.  His 
excess  of  misery,  his  melancholy,  nay  his  madness,  do  not 
appear  by  any  particulars  that  can  be  traced  in  connexion 
with  his  history.  The  period  during  which  he  is  stated 
to  have  so  miserably  languished  seems  to  have  been  one 
of  long  duration,  for  we  find  that  he  survived  from  1560, 
the  date  of  Lady  Dudley's  decease,  to  the  year  1572,  being 
twelve  years.  Neither  were  his  usual  pursuits  abandoned, 
nor  his  habits  changed.  His  love  of  music  appears  to 
have  been  sustained  to  the  last,  as  in  his  will  he  makes  a 
bequest  of  his  music  books  to  an  old  acquaintance.  His 
favourite  horses  are  also  left  to  other  friends,  and  in  his  last 
testament  their  qualities  are  distinguished.  The  build- 
ing of  his  mansion  proceeds,  he  makes  great  alterations 
and  additions.  His  initials  appear  on  several  portions, 
showing  that  he  carried  out  his  purpose  to  the  last,  and, 
to  crown  all,  upon  the  death  of  his  friend  Oliver  Hyde, 
two  years  only  preceding  his  own  decease,  he  enters  'into 
public  life,  becomes  the  representative  of  the  borough  of 
Abingdon,  and  dies  holding  that  position.  Surely  these 
circumstances  must  relieve  Forster  from  the  wicked  re- 


ports which  have  been  circulated  against  him,  and  excite 
the  regret  of  all  lovers  of  truth  and  justice,  that  his 
name  should  have  been  thus  defamed,  and  his  memory 
blasted  by  the  foulest  of  accusations  and  most  infamous 
of  charges  made  current  by  the  pen  of  any  eminent  wri- 
ter, whether  it  be  of  fiction  "or  of  history." 

EDWARD  F.  RIMBAULT. 

I  arn  not  prepared  to  say  what  is  the  sign 
or  inscription  below  it  now ;  but  in  1834,  it  was 
the  "Bear  and  ragged  Staff,"  and  the  landlord's 
name  appeared  on  the  signboard,  followed  by  the 
words,  "  late  Giles  Gosling."  F.  C.  H. 


IVAN   YORATH. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  370.) 

Many  years  since,  my  attention  was  directed  to 
the  extract  from  the  parish  register  of  Llanmaes, 
Glamorgan,  in  which  the  name  of  Ivan  Yorath 
occurs.  In  order  to  make  my  letter  intelligible, 
it  is  necessary  that  I  should  transcribe  the  extract, 
which  is  as  follows :  — 

"  Ivan  Yorath,  buried  a'  Saturdaye,  the  xiiii  dav  of 
July,  Anno  doni  1621,  et  anno  regni  regis  vicesimo  primo 
annoque  ictatis  sua3  circa  180.  He  was  a  sowdier  in  the 
fighte  of  Bosworthe,  and  lived  at  Lautwitt  Major,  and 
hee  lived  much  by  fishing." 

There  are  several  statements  in  this  short  para- 
graph which  prevent  me  from  believing  it  to  be 
founded  in  fact.  The  year  1621  was  not  "the 
twenty-first  year  of  the  reign  "  of  any  King  of 
England.  James  I.  (of  England)  ascended  the 
throne  on  the  24th  of  March,  1603,  and  reigned 
until  the  27th  of  March,  1625  ;  and,  therefore, 
the  year  1621  would  have  been  the  "  19th  and 
20th  year"  of  the  reign  of  that  monarch. 

The  battle  of  Bosworth  Field  was  fought  on  the 
22nd  of  August,  1485 — one  hundred  and  thirty- 
six  years  previous  to  the  year  1621.  Yorath  may 
have  been  fourteen  years  old  when  he  was  pre- 
sent at  the  battle  of  Bosworth  Field ;  and  we  may, 
therefore,  conclude  that  he  was  born  in  the  year 
1472,  or  in  the  following  year.  If  this  supposi- 
tion be  correct,  his  age  in  1621  would  have  been 
149  years.  A  very  great  age  I  admit,  if  there  be 
any  truth  in  the  extract  from  the  parish  register 
of  Llanmaes,  which  I  am  not  prepared  to  admit. 
I  first  saw  this  statement,  relative  to  Ivan  Yorath 
in  the  North  Wales  Chronicle  about  seventeen 
years  since,  the  paragraph  being  thus  headed — 
"  The  Real  Old  Soldier ;"  and  as  I  knew  that  a 
great  regard  for  antiquity  has  long  existed  in  the 
Principality  of  Wales,  I  received  the  history  of 
Yorath's  longevity  cum  grano  salis,  for  which  I 
see  now  no  occasion  to  apologise.  My  belief  is, 
that  the  whole  statement  arose  in  error ;  and  that 
the  paragraph  in  the  parish  register  was  made  in 
the  reign  of  King  Charles  I.,  who  was  born  in 
1600,  and  the  twenty-first  year  of  whose  age  (not 
of  his  reign)  would  have  fallen  in  1621;  at  which 


440 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3"i  S.  V.  MAY  28,  '64. 


time  Yorath  died,  being  probably  108  (and  not 
180)  years  old.  What  then  becomes  of  Yornth's 
presence  at  Bosworth  Field  in  August,  1485  ? 
My  reply  is  — 

«  Si  quid  mihi  ostendis  simile,  incredulus  odi." 

Years  before  Yorath  was  born,  the  highest  au- 
thority stated,  that  "  the  days  of  man's  years  are 
threescore  years  and  ten ;"  and  I  am  inclined  to 
think  that  Yorath  did  not  treble  the  average  time 
which  has  been  allotted  to  man  for  the  last  three 
thousand  years.  A  long  letter  on  this  subject 
appeared  in  The  Naval  and  Military  Gazette  for 
September  6,  1851,  which  is  worthy  of  perusal. 

ZEITEN  ALTEN. 


SENECA'S  PROPHECY  OF  THE  DISCOVERY  OF 
AMERICA:  THE  GREAT  ITALIAN  POET. 

(l§tS.i.l07;  iii.464;  iv.300;  3rd  S.  v.  298,  368.) 

Your  correspondents  will  find  two  forms  of  this 
supposed  prophecy  in  the  numbers  here  referred 
to.  The  following  remarks  have  not,  I  think, 
been  anticipated  in  the  preceding  volumes. 

Among  the  MSS.  of  Dr.  Dee  is  "  Atlantidis, 
vulgariter  Indiae  Occidentalis  nominatae,  emenda- 
tior  Descriptio  quam  adhuc  est  vulgata."  We 
here  learn  what  Dee's  opinion  was  with  regard  to 
the  situation  of  Atlantis.  Some  think  the  Platonic 
Atlantis  may  be  no  more  than  a  moral  romance, 
or  allegory :  see  Strabo,  lib.  ii.  c.  3,  56  ;  Ficinus 
in  Platonis  Critiam ;  Acosta's  East  and  West 
Indies,  p.  72 ;  Pancirolli  Rerum  Deperditarum,  fyc., 
Liber,  1631,  t.  ii.  15 — 19;  Purchas's  Pilgrimage, 
p.  799.  That,  on  the  other  hand,  it  had  a  geo- 
graphical situs  is  maintained  by  Hornius,  De 
Orii>inibus  Americanis,  lib.  ii.  c.  6 ;  Catcott,  On 
the  Deluge,  pp.  142-45,  152-64;  Jones  of  Nay- 
land,  Physiological  Disquisitions,  516  sqq.;  Clarke's 
Maritime  Discovery,  Introduction,  51 — 57,  where 
also  will  be  found  the  opinions  of  Bryant,  Bailly, 
Rudbeck,  BuflTon,  Whitehurst,  and  Maurice.  The 
passages  confirming  this  relation,  which  have  been 
adduced  from  Greek  and  Roman  writers  for  the 
purpose  of  showing  that  the  ancients  had  some 
Knowledge  of  the  situation  of  America,  are  col- 
lected by  Jackson  in  his  Chronological  Antiqui- 
ties, vol.  iii.  Cf.  Schmidii,  De  America  Oratiun- 
cula  ad  calc.  Pindari,  1616,  4to ;  Classical  Journal, 
viii.  1 — 4.  The  principles  of  navigation,  and  of 
its  sister,  astronomy,  are  universally  ascribed  to 
the  Phoenicians ;  see  Purchas,  Part  i.  chap.  i. 
§  12.  But  Varrerius,  a  Portuguese  writer,  in  a 
Commentary,  De  Ophyra  Hegione  (Critici  Sacri, 
Londini,  vol.  viii.,  Amstelaedami,  vol.ii.),  discusses 
the  various  theories,  that  it  was  located  in  India, 
in  Ethiopia,  in  America ;  and  maintains  the  im- 
probability that  the  Phoenicians  ever  sailed  to 
Hispaniola.  This  subject — the  Ophirian  voyage — 


I  reserve  for  another  article.  "  All  that  has  been 
said,  or  perhaps  that  can  be  said  upon  it,  is 
summed  up  in  the  Appendix  ofCellarius  to  his 
great  work  on  ancient  geography,  De  Novo  Orbe, 
an  cognitus  fuerit  veteribus,  vol.  ii.  pp.  251-254, 
and  in  Alexander  von  Humboldt's  Kritische  Un- 
tersuchungen  uber  die  historiche  Entwickelung  dcr 
geographischen  Kenntnisse  der  neuen  Welt,  Berlin, 
1826."  Smith's  Diet,  of  Greek  and  Roman  Geo- 
graphy, s.  v.  Atlantis.  In  the  edition  of  Cellarius 
before  me,  Amstelaedami,  1706,  this  Additamentum, 
De  Novo  Orue.  is  in  pp.  164 — 166. 

"The  Great'ltalian  Poet "  (3rd  S.  v.  298)  is  no 
other  than  Dante  ;  see  Purgatory,  canto  xi. 

The  following  remarkable  passage  is  in  the  In- 
troduction to  the  Encyclopaedia  Metropolitan,  i.  1 0. 
It  is  to  be  regretted  that  the  eloquent  author  did 
not  himself  furnish  a  metrical  translation  of  the 
accompanying  extract ;  but,  by  being  inserted  in 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  I  hope  it  will  be  supplied  :  — 

"  We  can  recall  no  incident  of  Human  History  that 
impresses  the  imagination  more  deeply  than  the  moment 
when  Columbus,  on  an  unknown  ocean,  first  perceived 
that  startling  fact  — the  change  of  the  magnetic  needle! 
How  many  such  instances  occur  in  History,  where  the 
Ideas  of  Nature  (presented  to  chosen  minds  by  a  higher 
Power  than  Nature  herself)  suddenly  unfold,  as  it  were, 
in  prophetic  succession,  systematic  views  destined  to 
produce  the  most  important  revolutions  in  the  state  of 
Man!  The  clear  spirit  of  Columbus  was,  doubtless, 
eminently  Methodical.  He  saw  distinctly  that  great 
leading  Idea,  which  authorized  the  poor  pilot  to  become 
'  a  promiser  of  Kingdoms ;'  and  he  pursued  the  progres- 
sive developement  of  the  mighty  truth  with  an  unyielding 
firmness,  which  taught  him  to  'rejoice  in  lofty  labours.' 
Our  readers  will  perhaps  excuse  us  for  quoting  as  illus- 
trative of  what  we  have  here  observed  some  lines  from 
an  Ode  of  Chiabrera,  which,  in  strength  of  thought,  and 
lofty  majesty  of  Poetry,  has  but '  few  peers  in  ancient  or 
in  modern  Song ' :  — 

" '  COLUMBUS. 
" '  Certo,  dal  cor,  ch'  alto  Destin  non  scelse, 

Son  P  imprese  magnanime  neglette ; 

Ma  le  bell'  alme  alle  bell'  opre  elette, 

Sanno  gioirnelle  fatiche  eccelsc: 

Ne  biasmo  popolar,  frale  catena, 

Spirto  d'  onore  il  suo  cammin  raffrena. 

Cosi  lunga  stagion  per  modi  indegni 

Europa  disprezzb  1*  inclita  speme : 

Schernendo  il  vulgo  (e  seco  i  Regi  insieme), 

Nudo  nocchier  promettitor  di  Regni ; 

Ma  per  le  sconosciute  onde  marine 

L'  invitta  prora  ei  pur  sospinse  al  fine. 

Qual  uom,  che  torni  al  gentil  consorte, 

Tal  ei  da  sua  magion  spiegb  1'antenne, 

L'ocean  corse,  e  i  turbini  sostenne 

Vinse  le  crude  imagini  di  morte ; 

Poscia,  dell'  ampio  mar  spenta  la  guerra, 

Scorse  la  dianzi  favolosa  Terra. 

Allor  dal  cavo  Pin  scende  veloce, 

E  di  grand  Orma  il  nuovo  mondo  imprime; 

Ne  men  ratto  per  1'  Aria  ergo  sublime, 

Segno  del  Ciel,  insuperabil  Croce ; 

E  porse  umile  esempio,  onde  adorarla 

Debba  sua  Gente.' — Chialrera,  vol.  i." 

BlBMOTHECAB.  CHETHAM. 


3rd  S.  V.  MAY  28,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


441 


MEDIAEVAL  CHURCHES  IN  ROMAN  CAMPS. 
(3rd  S.  v.  329.) 

Though,  doubtless,  many  ancient  Christian 
churches  have  been  built  upon  the  sites  of  temples 
in  the  Roman  stations  of  Britain,  I  think  your 
correspondent  R.  N.  is  mistaken  with  respect  to 
the  church  at  Chester-le- Street,  in  the  county  of 
Durham.  Eight  years  ago,  Mr.  Thomas  Murray, 
in  ploughing  a  field  called  the  High  Mains,  situated 
about  120  yards  south  of  the  church,  came  upon 
a  hypocaust,  and  various  other  remains  of  a  Ro- 
man station,  extending  over  a  considerable  area. 
On  examining  the  place,  and  conversing  with  per- 
sons long  acquainted  with  it,  I  formed  the  opinion 
that  the  north  boundary  of  the  station  ran  about 
eight  yards  within  the  Deanery  garden ;  and  ex- 
tended from  the  Roman  Road  (our  great  North 
Road),  a  distance  of  350  yards,  to  a  continuous 
mound  with  a  ditch  outside  230  yards  long ;  which 
I  think,  marks  the  eastern  boundary  of  the  sta- 
tion. I  presume  that  the  road  above-mentioned 
is  the  west  boundary.  Part  of  the  modern  town 
stands  upon  that  portion  of  the  camp-area  which 
adjoins  the  great  North  Road.  The  remainder, 
which  is  under  the  plough,  presents  the  appear- 
ances peculiar  to  Roman  soil ;  being  darker  in 
colour,  and  more  friable  than  the  adjoining  field. 
It  is  also  higher  than  the  circumjacent  lands  of 
the  plateau,  and,  therefore,  dominates  them.  I 
think  it  very  probable,  that  the  Deanery  garden, 
the  old  churchyard,  and  the  new  burial  ground  also, 
— extending,  altogether,  about  300 yards  northward 
of  the  station — may  have  been  occupied  by  sub- 
urban houses,  gardens,  &c. ;  as  I  to-day  observed 
fragments  of  Samian  and  coarse  Roman  earthen- 
ware scattered  over  them,  as  well  as  over  the 
station  itself.  It  would  seem  that  the  Roman 
place  of  burial  was  on  the  west  side  of  the  road, 
where  an  altar-shaped  monument  was  found, 
bearing  the  following  inscription  :  — 
11  DM SINM VJXIT 

ANNIS XXV 

DIGNISS MS.'* 

The  dashes  indicate  where  the  inscription  is 
broken  into  lines.  Before  the  "DM,"  and  the 
"xxv,"  a  heart-shaped  leaf,  pendant  from  a  short 
stalk,  is  introduced.  Does  this  occur  elsewhere  ? 
And  what  does  it  mean  ?  G.  H.  or  S. 


MORGANATIC  AND  MORGENGABE. 
(3rd  S.  v.  235,  328.) 

As  somewhat  advanced  in  years,  I  can  assure 
MELETES  I  am  not  addicted  to  "  a  play  of  fancy  " 
when  I  cannot  support  assertion  by  authority,  or 
establish  argument  by  fact. 

Heineccius  was  undoubtedly  an  excellent  jurist, 
but  excellence  in  one  science  does  not  preclude 


failure  in  another.  Dr.  Johnson  was  an  excellent 
moralist  and  writer,  but  a  very  bad  etymologist. 
In  this  belief,  I  look  upon  this  long  exploded  idea 
of  deriving  morganatic  from  morgengabe  ns  a 
failure  for  the  following  reasons  :  — 

1.  A  term,  the  more  distinctive  it  is  of  what  it 
defines,  is  so  much  the  more  perfect:  if  a  sup- 
posed derivative  have  no  relation  to  its  root,  the 
derivation  must  be  worthless.  A  morgengabe  is 
not  exclusively  a  concomitant  to  morganatfc  mar- 
riages :  it  is  a  legal  accessory  to  every  marriage, 
ebenburtig  or  unebenbiirtig ;  and,  consequently, 
if  morgengabe  were  a  distinctive  and  governing 
word,  every  marriage  would  be  a  morganatic  one. 
The  morgengabe  (the  morn's  gift)  was  originally 
a  present,  which  the  husband  made  to  his  spouse 
the  morning  after  marriage.  Formerly  it  was  the 
custom  to  give  such  a  gift,  or  present,  at  every 
marriage  (I  translate  from  a  German  work)  ; 
later  on,  only  at  those  of  the  nobility.  In  the 
laws  of  Saxony  it  was  a  fixed  sum,  to  which  every 
wife  was  entitled  in  lieu  of  dower ;  and  the  very 
fact  of  its  being  thus  dealt  with  legally  is  proof 
that  it  need  not  be  made  a  matter  of  agreement, 
which  a  morganatic  marriage,  where  no  lejral  rule 
prevailed,  necessarily  implies,  and  Heineccius 
himself,  by  the  words  "  acceptis  certis  prsediis  vel 
promissa  certa  pecunias  summa,"  admits.  The 
morgengabe  seems  to  have  been  brought,  as  an 
institution,  by  the  Germans,  from  their  Hercynian 
forests ;  and  shadowed  out  already  in  Tacitus 
(De  Germ.,  cap.  xviii.)  :  — 

"  Dotem  non  uxor  marito,  sed  uxori  maritus  offert. 
Intersunt  parentes  et  propinqui,  ac  munera  probant: 
munera  non  ad  delicias  muliebres  quaesita,  nee  quibus 
nova  nupta  comatur;  sed  boves  et  frenatum  equum  et 
scutum  cum  framea,  gladioque.  In  haec  munera  uxor 
accipitur  atque  invicem  ipsa  armorum  aliquid  vivo  offert. 
Hoc  maximum  vinculum,  hoec  arcana  sacra,  hos  con- 
jugales  Deos  arbitrantur." 

In  explanation  of  these  useful  gifts  I  may  re- 
mark, that  the  compounding  in  the  morgengabe 
for  a  sum  of  money  the  real  dotation  of  a  farm 
and  its  appendages,  or  any  other  substantial  ma- 
terial chattel,  was  a  later  innovation. 

It-  is  in  furtherance,  and  confirming  this  primae- 
val practice,  that  Luther,  in  his  translation  of  the 
Bible,  uses  morgengabe  as  the  sum  which  the 
father  of  the  bridegroom  had  to  pay  at  every 
marriage  to  the  family  of  the  bride.  It  will  not, 
I  suppose,  be  insisted  on,  that  morganatic  mar- 
riages were  then  known.  The  legal  requirement 
of  a  morgengabe  at  marriages  was  abolished  for 
the  kingdom  of  Saxony  by  edict,  dated  January 
31,  1839.  But  I  have  also  a  second  ol-jection, 
upon  an  etymological  ground.  In  morgen,  sound- 
ing to  an  English  enr  mar  yen,  the  final  syllable  is 
short — and  then  what  becomes  of  the  e'ssential 
part  of  the  word  gale  f  In  morganatic  it  is  long, 
with  an  additional  long  a  :  its  formation  is  analo- 
gous to  fanatic  and  fanatisch,  from  fanum. 


442 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


,j>'dS.  V.  MAY  28/64. 


through  the  French  fainean.  Deducting  the  affix 
mor,  which  is  merely  intensitive,  like  our  more  — 
an  undefined,  because  an  undefinable  idea  of  ex- 
tension, like  also  moor,  meer,  mare,  Germ.  Meer 
(the  ocean)  —  we  have  remaining  gana  ;  which  for 
all  time,  and  in  every  country,  signifies  various 
modes  and  degrees  of  cheating  and  deception. 

In  Germany,  as  we  learn  from  the  following 
passage  in  Suidas,  this  was  the  name  of  an  an- 
cient spae-wife,  one  of  those  fatidical  women,  who, 
like  Alrinia,  who  received  the  captive  Varus  to 
be  immolated  by  her  because  she  had  predicted 
his  defeat,  ruled  the  destinies  of  the  nation.  This 
Gana,  or  Gonna,  was  received  by  the  Emperor 
Domitian  with  the  greatest  honour  and  respect  at 
Rome  :  — 

"  Kol  Tavva  irapQevos  ri  /xera  rrjs  BeArjSas  «/  rp 


It  seems  to  have  been  taken  by  the  Celtic  no- 
bility as  a  favourite,  designation,  no  doubt  from 
the  respect  in  which  these  old  ladies,  as  the  inter- 
preters of  the  gods,  were  held:  for  one  of  the 
most  successful  Celtic  risings  against  the  Roman 
arms  was  under  the  leadership  of  Gannascus  ;  and 
the  favourite  of  Heliogabalus,  named  Ganys,  was 
most  probably  a  Celt.  At  all  events,  in  gauner, 
a  cheat,  the  Germans  keep  the  idea  of  delusion 
chained  to  the  word  to  the  present  day. 

The  spread  of  the  word  through  all  the  Indo- 
Germanic  tongues  may  be  traced  in  the  following 
examples.  Sometimes  much  cunning  is  necessary 
to  deceit,  and  then  we  form  ingenium  ;  or,  as  in 
Sweden,  gan,  still  denotes  a  species  of  conjuror. 
As  simple  deceit,  we  have  the  mediaeval  Latin 
words,  engannum,  engaunnium;  the  Portuguese 
and  Spanish,  enganno  ;  the  French,  engan. 

Since,  as  with  us,  these  old  witches  were  frequently 
bawds  and  coupleresses  at  Rome,  the  term,  there- 
fore, as  ganea,  soon  descended  to  the  stews  and 
brothels  of  that  dissolute  city.  Thus  Suetonius,  in 
Caligula,  who,  like  Haroun  al  Raschid,  —  "  ganeas 
atque  adulteria  capillamento  cselatus  et  veste  lono-o 
noctibus  obiret  "  (cap.  xi.).  And  again,  in  Nero 
(cap.  xxvii.)  :  "  deposit*  per  littora  et  ripas  di- 
versorias  tabernse  parabantur,  insignes  ganece  et 
matronarum  institorias  operas  imitantium." 

The  expression  of  Juvenal  (Sat.  vi.  64)  — 

"•        •        .         .        Appula  gannit 
Sicut  in  amplexu  "  — 

though  usually  taken  in  a  lewd  sense,  may  per- 
haps only  mean  whispering  or  speaking  low,  since 
it  will  be  confirmed  in  this  sense  by  a  passage  in 
Apuleius  (Aureus  Asinus,  lib.  i.)  :  "Hie  illa°ver- 
bosa  et  satis  curiosa  avis  in  auribus  Veneris,  filium 
lacerans,  existimationem  ganniebat."  * 

*  That  Juvenal  here  only  meant  the  whispering,  or 
low  tones,  used  where  people  are  half  ashamed  of  their 
actions,  may  alao  be  proved  from  another  passage  :  — 
"  Ganire  ad  aurem  nunquam  didici." 


With  this  diffused  use  of  gana  for  all  the  pur- 
poses of  deception  and  delusion,  shall  it  not  be 
also  applicable  to   an  institution  based   upon  a 
willing  delusion ;  and,  as  to  the  children  of  such 
marriage,  a  palp'able  deceit  as  a  morganatic  one  ? 
WILLIAM  BELL,  Ph.  Dr. 
6,  Crescent  Place,  Burton  Crescent, 
April  13,  1864. 


COBBETT  (3rd  S.  v.  370,  422.)  —  T.  B.  and  I 
should  differ  greatly,  I  fear,  as  to  the  scope  of  the 
term  "  revolutionary."  In  the  sense  intended  by 
me — in  a  merely  parenthetical  remark — I  should 
find  no  difficulty  in  proving  its  applicability.  The 
same  of  "conservatism."  I  must,  however,  de- 
cline to  make  your  publication  the  vehicle  of 
political  controversy.  W.  LEE. 

LASSO,  AND    SIMILAR  WEAPONS    (3rd    S.    V.  399.) 

I  think  there  is  no  such  thing  as  a  lasso  men- 
tioned in  any  ancient  author,  or  figured  in  any 
bas  relief  or  other  representation.  The  nearest 
approach  is  the  net  used  by  the  retiarius,  or  gla- 
diator, who  fought  with  the  secutor,  using  the 
net  to  entangle  his  adversary,  and  a  small  trident 
to  disable  him.  When  abroad,  I  was  told  the 
Croat  cavalry,  and  s"ome  tribes  of  the  Cossacks, 
use  a  curious  and,  in  their  hands,  a  very  effective 
weapon.  It  is  a  whip  with  a  very  long  lash,  to 
the  end  of  which  (before  going  into  action)  they 
fix  a  perforated  bullet.  This  they  are  said  to  be 
able  to  project  with  such  force  and  certainty 
against  a  man's  forehead,  as  to  fracture  his  skull 
and  kill  him,  like  a  stone  from  a  sling.  Of  course, 
the  bullet  is  instantly  withdrawn,  and  can  be  used 
again  as  often  as  they  please.  Is  there  any  ac- 
count of  this  practice  printed  ?  If  so,  I  should  be 
glad  to  be  referred  to  it  ?  A.  A. 

ROBIN  ADAIB  (3rd  S.  v.  404.)  —  The  interest- 
ing note  of  E.  K.  J.  on  this  song  will  no  doubt  sur- 
prise some  of  our  Scotch  friends.  The  disciples 
of  Blackstone  and  Coke  maintain  that  evidence 
must  be  taken  as  a  whole,  and  admitted  as  true 
or  rejected  altogether ;  but  since  legal  logicians 
argue  that  when  a  part  of  the  evidence  is  sus- 
tained by  strong  additional  proofs  to  the  direct 
testimony,  then  the  evidence  must  be  taken  in 
its  entirety  as  correct.  Without  entering  on  the 
mysteries  of  "  Black-letter,"  I  may  be  permitted 
to  add  a  small  scrap  of  collateral  evidence,  as  to  a 
portion  of  the  proofs  of  E.  K.  J.,  which  may  be 
taken  for  what  it  is  worth.  It  proves,  however, 
beyond  question,  that  the  name  of  Adair  was  in 
the  locality  pointed  out.  An  ancestor  of  mine, 
whose  mental  and  physical  faculties  were  spared 
to  his  ninety-fourth  year,  and  who  in  his  early 
days  was  a  most  unmitigated  fox-hunter,  I  have 
often  heard  say,  not  sing,  the  ballad  of  the  Kil- 
ruddery  Hunt,  which  is  a  really  spirited  de- 
scriptive narrative  of  a  dashing  fox-hunt  that  took 


3«i  S.  V.  MAY  28,  '64.]  ' 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


443 


place  in  the  locality  of  Bray,  ten  miles  from 
Dublin ;  and,  in  naming  those  who  were  present 
on  that  occasion,  the  following  lines  occur :  — 
"  We  had  the  Loughlinstown  *  landlord,  and  bold  Owen 
'    from  Bray, 

And  brave  John  AD  AIR  he  was  with  us  that  day ; 
Joe  Devlin,  Hall,  Preston,  and  a  huntsman  so  stout, 
Dick  Holmes,  a  few  others,  and  so  we  set  out." 
The  song  was  very  popular  amongst  the  squire- 
archy,  farmers,  and  peasantry  in  Wicklow  and 
Wexford  counties  when  I  was  a  "  little  wee  thing  " 
some  thirty-five  summers  ago.          S.  REDMOND. 
Liverpool. 

E.  K.  J.  mentions  a  Mr.  St.  Leger,  of  Pucks- 
town,  co.  Dublin,  as  the  author  of  "  Robin  Adair." 
Will  E.  K.  J.  send  any  genealogical  particulars 
about  this  Mr.  St.  Leger  to  the  Rev.  E.  F.  ST. 
LEGER,  Scotton  Rectory,  Kirton-in-Lindsey  ? 

QUOTATIONS  (3rd  S.  v.  378.)  —  The  lines  in- 
quired for,  beginning  — 

"Green  wave  the  oak  for  ever  o'er  thy  rest," 
are  the  commencement  of  an  exquisite  poem  by 
Mrs.  Hemans,  on  the  grave  of  Kb'rner,  the  Ger- 
man soldier-poet,  who  fell  in  a  skirmish  with 
French  troops  on  the  26th  of  August,  1813,  only 
an  hour  after  he  had  finished  his  famous  Sword 
Song.  The  poem  of  Mrs.  Hemans  consists  of 
nine  stanzas,  of  which  the  first  two  are  quoted  at 
the  above  reference  in  "  N.  &  Q."  It  appeared 
in  The  Mirror  in  1824,  just  forty  years  ago.  The 
spirit,  vigour,  and  pathos  of  the  first  two  stanzas 
are  perfectly  sustained  throughout,  and  it  will 
amply  reward  an  attentive  perusal.  F.  C.  H. 

MISCELLANEA  CUEIOSA  (3rd  S.  v.  282,  387.)— I 
think  PROFESSOR  DE  MORGAN  is  in  error  with 
respect  to  the  identity  of  Turner's  Miscellanea 
Curiosa  with  Turner's  Mathematical  Exercises. 
There  were  two  persons  named  John  Turner  living 
in  1749 ;  and  both  were  correspondents  to  the 
mathematical  department  of  the  Ladies'  Diary  at 
that  period.  The  "  Mr.  John  Turner,  of  Heath, 
Yorkshire,"  was  most  probably  the  editor  of  the 
Miscellanea  Curiosa ;  and  the  "  Mr.  Turner,  of 
Brompton,  near  Rochester,"  was  the  editor  of  the 
Mathematical  Exercises.  The  latter  work  is  in 
six  numbers,  Jive  of  which  were  "printed  for 
James  Morgan  at  the  Three  Cranes,  in  Thames- 
street"  during  1750-1752;  and  the  sixth  was 
"  printed  and  sold  by  R.  Marsh  "  of  Wrexham,  in 
Wales.  That  it  was  an  original  work  is  evident 
from  the  preface  and  the  contents. 

In  the  former,  correspondents  are  requested  to 
contribute  "  Problems  or  Solutions "  under  the 
assurance  that  "  nothing  shall  appear  to  their  dis- 
advantage ; "  and  in  the  latter  may  be  found 
some  curious  correspondence  relating  to  the  "  ma- 
thematics and  mathematicians  "  of  the  day.  The 

*  The  name  of  a  village  on  the  road  from  Dublin  to 
Bray.  Who  was  the  landlord  ? 


editorship  of  the  Ladies'  Diary  was  the  "  bone  of 
contention,"  and  the  work  contains  some  smart 
exposures  of  the  doings  of  Captain  Heath  and  his 
friends. 

On  Simpson's  being  appointed  editor  in  1753, 
the  Exercises  appear  to  have  been  discontinued  ; 
the  last  number  being  added  in  order  to  complete 
the  work.  I  have  given  a  pretty  full  account  of 
the  Mathematical  Exercises,  in  vol.  1.  pp.  266-273, 
of  the  Mechanics'  Magazine  for  1 849. 

T.  T.  WILKINSON. 

SURNAMES  (3rd  S.  iv.  122,  &c.)— Would  not  the 
passage  in  St.  Luke's  gospel,  chap.  xxii.  3,  go  far 
to  prove  that  surnames  were  in  existence  long 
before  we  suppose  ?  for  he  there  expressly  states, 
that  Judas  was  "  surnamed  Iscariot,"  proving  that 
the  Jews  had  double  names  at  least.  There  are 
other  instances  in  the  gospels  of  double,  or  sur- 
names ;  and  when  Christianity  spread,  and  intro- 
duced baptism,  is  it  not  likejy  that  the  baptised 
received  the  name  of  some  saint  to  the  already 
existing  surname,  so  that  here  is  a  clue  to  an 
earlier  origin  of  surnames  than  is  at  present  al- 
lowed ?  Or  do  we  only  copy  from  the  Jews  in 
this,  as  in  many  other  respects  ?  S.  REDMOND. 

Liverpool. 

SIR  EDWARD  GORGES,  KNT.  (3rd  S.  v.  377.)  — 

The  following  rough  notes  may  be  useful. 

James  I.  1606.  To  Sir  Thomas  Gorges,  Knt., 
Keeper  of  his  highness'  park  at  Richmond,  125/. 
to  the  owners  of  certain  lands  taken  into  said 
park. 

James  I.  1609.  Paid  232?.  10*.  to  John  Killi- 
grew  in  full  satisfaction  of  certain  damages  sus- 
tained by  him  about  the  building  of  Pendennis 
Fort,  Cornwall,  and  for  his  losses  in  the  profits  of 
lands  and  woods  thought  fit  to  be  reserved  to  main- 
tain said  fort,  so  certified  by  Sir  Ferdinando  Gor- 
ges, Knt.,  and  other  commissioners  appointed  to 
survey  the  same. 

James  I.  1611,  July.  To  Sir  Edward  Gorges, 
Knt.,  Capt.  of  his  majesty's  castle  of  Hurst,  the 
sum  of  791.  13s.  4d.,  to  be  by  him  employed  about 
the  repairing  of  certain  breaches  in  the  ^beach 
extending  from  the  mainland  to  his  majesty's  said 
castle. 

At  Hampton  Court  Palace  there  are  two  por- 
traits described  by  Mr.  Jameson  as  No.  252,  a 
young  man  with  long  hair  called  here  Sir  Theo- 
bald 'Gorges.  No.  648,  portrait  of  a  young  man 
inscribed  with  the  name,  "  Gorges.'* 

At  Kensington  Palace  there  was  a  portrait  in- 
scribed "  Mr.  Gorge,"  in  white,  with  a  red  scarf 
(possibly  one  of  these). 

In  1716  the  Beaufort  family  possessed  a  large 
messuage  in  Chelsea,  formerly  the  property  of 
Sir  Arthur  Gorge. 

Sir  Thomas  Gorges,  by  Queen  Elizabeth's  order, 
acquainted  Mary  with  the  detection  of  Babington's 


444 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3**  S.  V.  MAY  28,  '64. 


conspiracy,  and  the  execution  of  her  confederates, 
3587. 

Sir  Walter  Raleigh,  sending  a  message  to  Sir 
Ferdinando  Gorges,  this  officer  had  a  conference 
with  him  in  a  boat  on  the  Thames,  and  there  dis- 
covered all  their  proceedings  —  the  plot  for  which 
Essex  lost  his  life,  1601.  A.  F.  B. 

LANGUAGE  USED  IN  ROMAN  COURTS,  ETC.  (3rd  S. 
v.  356.)  —  ,With  reference  to  the  language  used 
in  the  judicial  courts  of  their  provinces,  it  is  well- 
known  that  the  Romans  "inflexibly  maintained 
in  the  administration  of  civil  as  well  as  mili- 
tary government"  the  use  of  the  Latin  tongue. 
The  words  are  Gibbon's  (vol.  i.  p.  42,  Milman). 
This  was  true  of  all  the  Roman  provinces,  but  of 
the  east  in  a  far  less  degree  than  of  the  west  ;  and, 
according  to  Donaldson,  the  Jews  and  Greeks 
were  the  most  unwilling  to  give  up  the  "  flowing 
rhythms  "  of  their  native  tongue  for  the  terse  and 
business-like  language  of  their  conquerors.  But 
the  Romans  knew  too  well  the  powerful  influence 
of  language  over  national  manners  to  neglect  to 
enforce  the  constant  use  of  Latin  in  all  the  coun- 
tries which  they  subdued,  at  least  in  all  matters  of 
law  and  government.  Cf,  Donaldson,  Varr.  c.  xiv. 
§  6  ;  Cic.  Oral,  pro  Fonteio,  i.  §  1  ;  Juv.  Sat.  i.  44  ; 
vii.  147-8;  xv.  111.  A.  G.  S. 


s,  K.T.  \.  (3rd  S.  v.  260,  307.)—  There 
certainly  seems  to  be  every  reason  to  think  that 
the  conjectures  of  Wagner,  and  before  him  of 
Erasmus,  as  to  this  passage  are  correct,  that  it  is 
part  of  a  speech  of  Agamemnon  to  Menelaus. 
These  two  brothers  were,  as  is  well  known,  sons 
of  Atreus  ;  and  the  first  had  succeeded  to  the 
throne  of  his  father  at  Mycenae,  by  the  death  or 
expulsion  of  Thyestes  ;  the  second  having  become 
King  of  Lacedaemon,  and  presiding  at  Sparta. 

The  legend  of  Telephus  is  that  he  had  been 
wounded  by  Achilles  ;  and  having  been  told  that 
only  the  man  who  had  inflicted  the  wound  could 
heal  it,  he  went  to  Agamemnon,  then  ruling  at 
Mycenae,  to  entreat  his  intercession  with  the  hero 
for  that  purpose.  Agamemnon  seems  to  have  re- 
ceived Telephus  coolly,  for  we  find  the  latter  seized 
his  young  son  Orestes,  and  threatened  to  slay  him 
unless  the  father  complied  with  his  request,  which, 
after  some  delay,  was  done,  and  Achilles  healed 
the  wound  with  some  of  the  rust  from  the  spear 
which  had  caused  the  injury. 

We  know  from  Aristophanes  (who  quizzes  the 
play  of  Euripides  in  every  possible  fashion),  and 
also  from  Horace,  that  Telephus  is  represented  as 
seeking  this  assistance  in  the  state  of  the  deepest 
poverty,  and  as  an  exile.  Agamemnon  was  at 
Mycenae.  What  could  be  more  probable  than 
that  the  scene  was  laid  at,  the  entrance  of  the 
citadel  of  that  city,  the  famous  gate  of  lions,  which 
still  exists  to  the  present  day,  and  before  which 
was  laid  the  scene  of  the  Agamemnon  of  2Eschy- 


lus,  and  of  the  Electra  of  Sophocles?  What 
could  be  more  probable  than  that  the  two  brothers 
might  have  been  introduced  conversing  together 
there,  and  what  could  be  more  fitting  than  for  the 
elder,  Agamemnon,  to  say  to  the  younger,  "  Sparta 
has  fallen  to  your  lot,  rule  orderly  over  it,  as 
we  for  our  own  part  do  Mycenae  "  ?  The  use  of 
the  word  KOO-^I  seems  to  point  to  Homer,  who, 
both  in  the  Iliad  and  Odyssey,  calls  the  brother 
Atridee  5uw  Ko<r/j.f)ropf  \a£v. 

Some  curious  matter  might  turn  on  the  use  of 
the  word  eAaxes,  which  signifies  in  its  primitive 
sense,  to  obtain  by  ;lot.  I  cannot  lay  my  hand 
on  any  account  of  the  failure  of  the  dynasty  of 
Lacedasmon,  and  the  succession  of  Menelaus  ;  but 
the  passage  in  question  would  lead  us  to  suppose 
that  the  latter  was  the  result  of  the  suffrages 
of  the  people.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

THE  BALLOT  :  "  THREE  BLUE  BEANS,"  ETC. 
(3rd  S.  v.  297,  385.)  —  The  expression  is  of  long 
standing :  it  occurs  in  Tom  Brown's  version  of  the 
"  Timon,"  in  Dryden's  Lucian  (1711),  and  is 
quoted  by  Tytler  as  an  example  of  licentious 
translation :  — 

"  Gnathonides.  Tt  TOVTO  ;  Trcueis,  5  li^oiv ;  fj,aprvpofJ.ai' 
a?  'Epa.K\€is,  lov,  lov,  irpo/ca/Xouucu  <re  rpav^tzros  els  "Apeiov 
irdyov. 

"  Timon.  Kal  juV  &v  76  putpov  eTTi^paSufps,  <povov  rctaa 
TrpoKf!c\-f)(rri  jue — Timon,  c.  xlvi.  ed.  Bipont.  i.  114. 

"Gnathonides.  Confound  him!  What  a  blow  he  has 
given  me !  What's  this  for,  old  Touchwood  ?  Bear  wit- 
ness, Hercules,  that  he  has  struck  me.  I  warrant  you  I 
shall  make  you  repent  of  this  blow.  I'll  indite  you  on  an 
action  on  the  case,  and  bring  you  coram  nobis  for  an 
assault  and  battery. 

"Timon.  Do,  thou  confounded  law  pimp,  do;  but  if 
thou  stay'st  one  minute  longer,  I'll  beat  thee  to  pap,  and 
make  thy  bones  rattle  in  thee  like  three  blue  beans  in  a  blue 
bag.  Go,  stinkard,  or  else  I  shall  make  you  alter  your 
action,  and  get  me  indicted  for  manslaughter."  P.  212. 

Tytler,  Essay  on  the  Principles  of  Translation, 
8vo,  London,  1797. 

H.  B.  C. 

U.  U.  Club. 

The  words  of  one  of  the  "merry  rounds"  in 
Catch  that  Catch  Can,  or  a  Choice  Collection  of 
Catches,  Rounds,  and  Canons.  London,  printed 
for  John  Benson,  &c.,  1652,  are  as  follows:  — 

"As  there  be  three  blew  beans  in  a  blew  bladder, 
And  thrice  three  rounds  in  a  long  ladder ; 
As  there  be  three  nooks  in  a  corner  cap, 
And  three  corners  and  one  in  a  map; 
Ev'n  so  like  unto  these 
There  be  three  Universities, 
Oxford,  Cambridge,  and  James." 

The  last  word,  I  suppose,  refers  to  King  James's 
College  at  Chelsea.  EDWAKD  F.  EIMBAULT. 

JOHN  BRAHAM  THE  VOCALIST  (3rd  S.  v.  318.)— 
Braham's  first  appearance  on  the  stage  was  at 
Covent  Garden  Theatre,  April  21,  1787,  for  the 


3«»  S.  V.  MAY  28,  'C4.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


445 


benefit  of  Mr.  Leoni,  an  Italian  singer  of  cele- 
brity, who  had  instructed  the  young  vocalist.  The 
play- was  the  Duenna,  and,  according  to  the  ad- 
vertisement, "At  the  end  of  Act  1,  'The  Soldier 
tired  of  War's  Alarms,'  by  Master  Braham,  being 
his  first  appearance  on  any  stage."  And  again, 
after  the  first  act  of  the  farce,  he  sang  the  fa- 
vourite song  of  "  Ma  chere  Amie."  At  the  open- 
ing of  the  Royalty  Theatre,  Wellclose  Square,  on 
June  20  in  the  same  year,  "  Between  the  acts  of 
the  play,  '  The  Soldier  tired  of  War's  Alarms'  was 
sung  with  great  success  by  a  little  boy,  Master 
Ahram,  the  pupil  of  Leoni,"  according  to  The 
Chronicle;  and  another  paper  said,  "Yesterday 
evening  we  were  surprised  by  a  Master  Abraham, 
a  young  pupil  of  Mr.  Leoni.  He  promises  fair  to 
attain  perfection,  possessing  every  requisite  neces- 
sary to  form  a  capital  singer."  I  quote  from  some 
collections  formed  by  the  late  Mr.  Fillinham.  I 
have  not  seen  the  newspapers  themselves,  but 
have  no  reason  to  doubt  the  correctness  of  the 
information.  Mr.  Peter  Cunningham  then  may  be 
right  in  his  assertion  concerning  the  bill  in  which 
Braham  is  called  "  Master  Abrahams ;  "  but  is  he 
right  in  placing  his  notice  of  the  event  under 
Goodman's  Fields  Theatre  ?  The  theatre  in  which 
Garrick  made  his  first  appearance  was  in  Ayliffe 
Street;  and  John  Palmer's  theatre,  called  the  Roy- 
alty Theatre,  was  erected  in  Well  Street,  in  the 
same  locality,  but  on  an  entirely  different  site. 

EDWARD  F.  RIMBAULT. 

ANGLO-SAXON  AND  OTHER  MEDIEVAL  SEALS 
(2nd  S.  xii.  9,  94.)— Another  proof  that  the  Anglo- 
Saxons  used  seals  as  well  as  the  Normans,  may  be 
found  at  the  end  of  the  rhyming  charter,  the 
grant  of  sanctuary,  &c.,  at  Ripon,  by  Athelstan 
to  St.  Wilfrid.  The  king  says,— 

"And  my  seale  have  I  sett  yerto, 
For  I  will  at  na  man  it  undo." 

See  Dugdale,  Monast.,  vol.  ii.  p.  133. 

A  short  time  back,  while  examining  some  of  the 
parchment  writs,  &c.,  discovered  in  the  old  trea- 
sury at  Westminster  Abbey,  we  found  several 
small  round  flattish  ladles,  about  as  big  as  a  two- 
shilling  piece.  They  seem  to  have  been  used  for 
melting  the  wax  for  affixing  seals  to  the  various 
documents.  In  this  case,  while  it  was  soft  the  strip 
of  parchment  or  other  ligature  by  which  they  were 
attached  could  have  been  conveniently  dipped  into 
the  wax,  and  when  cooled  enough  the  seal  would 
be  easily  impressed,  as  we  see  them.  Have  such 
utensils  been  seen  elsewhere? 

While  on  this  subject  permit  me  also  to  note  a 
curious  passage  from  a  charter  quoted  in  Selden's 
Titles  of  Honour,  part  u.  chap.  iii.  It  is  from  the 
Lord  of  Dol,  in  Brittany,  to  the  Abbey  of  Vieu- 
ville,  and  about  the  year  1170 ;  he  says, — 

"  And  because  I  was  not  as  yet  a  knight,  and  had  not 
a  seal  of  my  own  (quia  Miles  nou  erana  et  proprium  Si- 


gillum  non  habebam)  we  have  sealed  this  charter  by  the 
authority  of  the  seal  of  Sir  John  our  father." 

Selden  also  quotes  from  Du  Tille^an  old  deci- 
sion of  1376  (more  than  two  hundred  years  later), 
where  it  is  said,  "  an  esquire  when  he  receives  the 
order  of  knighthood  is  to  change  his  seal "  (sigil- 
lum  mutare).  From  this  it  would  seem,  in  earliest 
times,  none  below  the  dignity  of  a  knight  were 
entitled  to  use  seals  at  all.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

A  BULL  OF  BURKE'S  (3rd  S.  v.  212,  267,  366.)— 
As  the  original  querist  in  this  matter,  I  must  con- 
fess that  my  difficulty  is  not  removed  by  MR.  DE 
MORGAN'S  suggestion,  that  Burke's  word  may 
have  been  component  instead  of  integral.  There 
is  still  the  extremely  paradoxical  character  of  a 
proposition,  which  states  that  A.  and  B.  are  the 
same  thing,  being  different  parts  —  whether  in- 
tegral or  component.  If  we  suppose  that  Burke 
meant  to  say  —  "The  Church  an<\  the  State  are 
one  and  the  same  thing,  though  they  are  also  dif- 
ferent integral  parts  of  the  same  whole" — the  ex- 
pression is  still  an  awkward  one;  but  the  intention 
is  evident,  as  LORD  LYTTELTON  understands  it : 
"  Church  and  State  are  the  same  while  looked  at 
in  two  different  aspects."  In  any  case,  1  cannot 
see  the  inconsequence  which  LORD  LYTTELTON 
attributes  to  the  sentence  which  follows:  "For 
the  Church  has  been  always,"  &c.  These  words 
refer  to  that  part  of  the  preceding  sentence  which 
affirms  the  identity  of  the  Church  and  the  State  : 
for  (adds  Burke)  the  Church  comprehends  the 
clergy  and  laity,  as  the  State  does  also. 

C.  G.  PROWETT. 

Carlton  Club. 

ENGRAVING  BY  BARTOLOZZI  (3rd  S.  v.  377.)  — 
The  engraving  forms  the  frontispiece  of  Leigh 
Hunt's  first  work  :  Juvenilia ;  or  a  Collection  of 
Poems  written  between  the  Ages  of  Twelve  and 
Sixteen.  The  printer  was  probably  Raphael  "West, 
whose  name  appears  in  the  List  of  Subscribers, 
together  with  that  of  Benjamin  West,  P.R.A.  The 
reference,  judging  from  the  motto,  seems  to  be  to 
Poverty  in  the  abstract :  — 

'"  And  ah !  let  Pity  turn  her  dewy  eyes, 
Where  gasping  penury  unfriended  lies !  " 

J.  vV. 

SIR  JOHN  JACOB  OF  BROMLEY  (3rd  S.  v.  213.)— 
Sir  John  was  the  son  of  Abraham  Jacob  (of  Brom- 
ley, Middlesex,  and  of  Gamlingay),  and  of  Mary, 
daughter  of  Francis  Rogers  of  Dartford,  Kent. 
Abraham  died  May  6,  1629  ;  and  his  monument 
is,  or  was,  at  Bromley,  near  Bow.  John  was  one 
of  seven  sons,  and  six  daughters.  Charles  I. 
knighted  him  in  1633.  He  was  a  farmer  of  the 
customs;  suffered  in  the  king's  cause,  and  was 
made  baronet  in  1665.  He  built  a  house  at  Brom- 
ley ;  had  three  wives  — 1.  Elizabeth  Halliday,  or 
Holliday,  by  whom  he  had  t\vo  sons  and  one 


446 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


V.  MAY  28,  '64. 


daughter ;  2.  Alice,  daughter  of  Thos.  Clowes,  by 
whom  he  had  three  sons  and  three  daughters; 
3.  Elizabeth^  daughter  of  Sir  John  Ashburnham, 
Knt.,  by  whom  he  had  one  daughter.  He  was 
Commissioner  and  Farmer  of  Customs  again  in 
Charles  II.'s  reign  ;  and  died  1665-6.  His  eldest 
son,  Sir  John,  succeeded  him  ;  married  Catherine, 
daughter  of  William,  Lord  Allington ;  and  died 
1675,  and  was  buried  in  the  Savoy  Church,  Strand. 
His  son  Sir  John  served  in  the  army,  and  died 
1740.  His  son  Hildebrand  succeeded  to  the  title. 
Arms.  Argent,  a  chevron,  gules,  between  three 
tigers*  heads  erased,  proper.  Crest.  On  a  wreath 
tiger  passant,  proper,  marred  and  turned. 

1///1       "  Po^f  o    +HQT.;  "  Tl     Pf      f1 


Motto.  "Partatueri. 


CHAPERONE  (3rd  S.  v.  280.)  —  The  word  chape- 
roness  is  used  in  Webster's  Devil's  Law  Case,  Act 
I.  Sc.  2.  Romelio  is  charging  the  lady's  com- 
panion to  be  very  vigilant  over  her  mistress,  and 
says:  — 

"...    but,  my  precious  chaperoness, 
I  trust  thee  the  better  for  that ;  for  I  have  heard 
Tfcere  is  no  warier  keeper  of  a  park, 
To  prevent  stalkers,  or  your  night-walkers, 
Than  such  a  man  as  in  his  youth  has  been 
A  most  notorious  deer-stealer." 

From  its  allusion  (Act  IV.  Sc.  2)  to  the  massacre 
of  the  English  by  the  Dutch  at  Ainboyna,  this 
play  is  supposed  to  have  been  written  in  1622. 

A.  A. 
Poets'  Corner. 

UPPER  AND  LOWER  EMPIRE  (3rd  S.  v.  379.)  — 
The  term  Upper  Empire  is  not,  I  believe,  in  use. 
The  term  Lower  Empire  is  used  by  Gibbon 
(ch.  Ixviii.  p.  250,  note)  for  the  remains  of  the 
Roman  Empire  at  Constantinople,  and  was  adopted 
by  him  from  the  French,  Bas  Empire.  In  364  the 
Roman  Empire  was  divided  into  East  and  West, 
Constantinople  and  Rome  being  the  respective 
chief  cities,  and  in  476  the  Empire  of  Rome  ter- 
minated, whilst  the  Empire  at  Constantinople  con- 
tinued till  1453.  The  expression  "  Lower  Roman 
Empire  of  the  West,"  means  "the  Lower  Empire," 
or  "  the  Greek  Empire  of  the  East."  It  is  called 
"1'Empire  Grec  Oriental"  by  Koch  (iii.  19).  I 
think  the  term  bas,  as  applied  to  this  Empire,  re- 
fers to  its  inferiority  in  historical  importance  as 
compared  with  the  ancient  Roman  grandeur.  It 
is  probable  that  Du  Cange  (=  Du  Fresne)  may 
have  first  used  this  term  in  his  Byzantine  His- 
tories, for  in  the  titles  to  his  Greek  and  Roman 
Glossaries  he  uses  the  words  "  rnedise  et  infima 
Gnecitatis  et  Latinitatis,"  where  infimce  conveys 
the  sense  of  bas.  T.  J.  BUCK-TON. 

A  PASSION  FOR  WITNESSING  EXECUTIONS  (3rd 
S.  v.  33). — It  may  be  worth  a  short  note  to  cor- 
roborate so  singular  a  morbid  tendency  as  that 
furnished  through  your  correspondent,  ROBERT 
KEMPT. 


In  Walsoken,  adjoining  Wisbech,  an  aged  man, 
apparently  of  the  middle  class,  was  pointed  out  to 
me  about  fourteen  years  ago ;  and  it  was  stated 
that,  for  a  considerable  portion  of  his  life,  there 
had  not  been  a  public  execution  within  a  hundred 
miles  (including  London)  without  his  travelling 
expressly  to  witness  it.  In  early  life  he  had  been 
in  business ;  but  had  long  retired,  and  was  pos- 
sessed of  considerable  cottage  property. 

W.  LEE. 

FOLK  LORE  IN  THE  SOUTH-EAST  OF  IRELAND 
(3rd  S.  v.  353.)  — Every  one  of  the  customs  and 
superstitions  mentioned  by  MR.  REDMOND,  under 
the  above  title,  were  commonly  practised  and 
fully  believed  in  by  all  classes  in  Cornwall  some 
thirty  or  forty  years  ago  \  and  are  still,  I  doubt 
not,  by  the  lower  classes  in  the  more  remote  dis- 
tricts. This  is  not  a  little  singular,  and  would 
seem  to  be  derived  from  the  common  descent  of 
the  people  from  the  same  Celtic  stock. 

JOHN  MACLEAN. 

Hammersmith. 

MRS.  MARY  DEVERELL  (3rd  S.  v.  379.)  —  There 
are  former  notices  of  Mrs.  Mary  Deverell  of 
Nailsworth,  Gloucestershire,  in  "  N".  &  Q."  1st  S. 
xii.  312;  and  2nd  S.  i.  16,  130.  Her  Sermons  were 
dedicated  to  the  Princess  Royal,  March  19,  1776, 
published,  1777.  In  the  title-page  "  Gloucester- 
shire "  is  printed  in  italics,  as  if  to  distinguish  her 
from  some  other  person.  Her  abilities  seem  to 
have  been  much  overrated,  if  the  remarks  current 
about  her  when  I  was  a  boy,  were  correct. 

P.  H.  F. 

COLIBERTI  (3rd  S.  v.  300,  384.)— In  Potgiesser's 
valuable  work,  De  Statu  Servorum,  reference  is 
made  to  the  "  Coliberti."  I  quote  the  following 
passage  and  note  from  lib.  iv.  c.  14,  p.  781  :  — 

"Denique  notes  velim,  libertos  aliquando  collibertorum 
nomine  signari*  Neque  tamen  idcirco  necessum  videtur, 
protinus  novamspeciem  effingere,  cum  revera  nullum  dis- 
crimen  inter  utrosque  adsit,  sed  genus  sint  inter  servos 
et  ingenuos  fluctuans.  Notissimum  enim  est,  tametsi  res 
quaepiam  diversas  appellationes  sortiatur,  non  tamen  no- 
vas ideo  ejus  constitui  species." 

W.  B.  MAC  CASE. 

Dinan,  Cotes  du  Nord,  France. 

Your  correspondent  will  find  a  full  and  very 
satisfactory  account  of  coliberti  in  Samuel  Hey- 
wood's  Ranks  of  the  People,  well  indexed. 

ST.  T. 


*  The  note  attached  to  the  word  signari  is  important, 
on  account  of  the  variety  of  authorities  cited  :  — 

"  A.pud  MEICHELBECK,  torn.  i.  p.  11,  Hist.  Prising.,  num. 
MCCXL,  traditur  praedium,  quod  Sigawold  lihertus  possi- 
det.  Colliberti  vero  dicuntur,  penes  BALUZIUM,  Histor. 
Tutel.  adpend.  art.  col.  445,  uhi  anno  MC.  donantur  mansi 
cum  servis  et  ancillis  et  collibertis.  Idem  fit  torn.  iv. 
Galliae  Christ.  SAMMAKTHANORUM.  Eorumque  fit  men- 
tio  in  appendice  ad  Origin.  Palat.  FREHERI,  p.  29.  Ob- 
servante  viro  eruditissimo  ESTORE  Comm.  de  Mmist. 
§  209." 


3*  S.  V.  MAY  28,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


447 


CHESS  (3rd  S.  v.  377.) — The  game  described  by 
Martial,  lib.  xiv.  ep.  20,  is  also  referred  to  by  the 
same  author,  lib.  vii.  ep.  71  :  and  the  Delphin 
commentator  has  supplied  a  reply  to  the  query 
of  your  correspondent,  by  quoting  the  authority  of 
Calcagnini,  who  wrote  a  treatise,  De  Talorum, 
Tesserarum,  et  Calculorum  Ludis,  and  positively  de- 
cided that  the  game  mentioned  in  Martial  is  not 
chess.  Abundant  information  upon  this  subject 
will  be  found  in  Smith's  Dictionary  of  Greek  and 
Roman  Antiquities,  in  verb.  "  Latrunculi,"  p.  670 
(2nd  edit.)  ;  and  Alexandri  ab  Alexandra,  lib.  iii. 
c.  21,  vol.  i.  pp.  788,  789  (Leyden,  1673.) 

W.  B.  MAC  CASE. 

Dinan,  Cotes  du  Nord,  France. 

FOSTER  ARMS  (3rd  S.  i.  289.)  —  The  following 
answer  to  MR.  HUTCHINSON'S  inquiry  may  be 
sufficient.  In  1711,  Thomas  and  Edward  Hutch- 
inson  gave  to  the  Second  Church  in  Boston  two 
silver  dishes,  on  which  the  Hutchinson  arms  are 
engraved.  A  third  dish,  uniform  with  them,  and 
given  no  doubt  at  the  same  time,  bears  the  follow- 
ing coat :  a  chevron  between  three  bugle-horns. 
As  both  brothers  married  daughters  of  Col.  John 
Foster,  it  can  hardly  be  doubted  that  this  was  the 
Foster  coat  of  arms,  and  that  the  plates  were  in- 
herited from  him. 

There  were  two  other  families  here  of  the  name, 
who  used  arms ;  viz.  that  of  Hopestill  Foster  of 
Dorchester,  who  bore  a  chevron  between  three 
bugle-horns,  on  a  chief,  as  many  leopards'  faces ; 
and  that  of  Richard  Foster  of  Charlestown,  who 
bore  a  chevron  between  three  bugle-horns :  crest, 
an  arm  embowed,  holding  a  broken  spear. 

W.  H.  WmTMORE. 

"  THE  DUBLIN  UNIVERSITY  REVIEW  "  (3rd  S.  v. 
343.) — Your  correspondent  is,  I  think,  slightly 
in  error,  inasmuch  as  a  friend,  who  has  given  a 
large  share  of  his  attention  to  Irish  periodical 
literature,  with  a  view  to  publication,  informs  me 
in  a  letter  relative  to  the  Dublin  University  Re- 
91010,  kuthat  four  numbers  were  all  that  appeared 
of  this  best  of  Irish  periodicals  of  its  class ;  the 
first  having  made  its  appearance  in  January,  and 
the  last  in  October,  1833."  If  wrong,  we  (for  I 
can  answer  for  him  as  well  as  for  myself)  shall  be 
glad  to  be  corrected.  ABHBA. 

GREATOREX  OR  GREATRAKES  FAMILY  (3rd  S.  v. 
399.) — If  your  correspondent,  MR.  JAMES  FIN- 
LAYSON,  will  refer  to  the  Reliquary  Quarterly 
Archaeological  Journal,  vol.  iv.,  he  will  find  at  pp. 
81  to  96,  and  220  to  236,  an  elaborate  genealo- 
gical and  historical  article  on  this  family,  from 
the  pen  of  the  Rev.  Samuel  Hayman,  the  histo- 
rian of  Youghal.  This  history  of  the  Greatrakes 
family  contains  all  the  information  on  the  various 
branches  which  at  present  it  has  been  possible  to 
obtain,  and  includes  notices  of  "the  Stroker," 
and  other  eminent  members  of  the  family,  with 


innumerable  extracts  from  parish  registers  of  Car- 
sington,  Callow,  &c.  &c.  L.  JEWITT. 

Derby. 

PARADIN'S  "DEVISES  HEROIQUES"  (3rd  S.  v. 
339.)  —  In  a  note  to  MR.  PINKERTON'S  interesting 
letter  on  "Shakspeare  and  Mary  Queen  of  Scots," 
it  is  stated  that  the  first  edition  of  Paradin's  Devises 
Heroiques  et  Emblemes  was  published  at  Paris, 
1557.  I  much  wonder  where  that  information 
was  obtained,  for  Dibdin,  in  The  Decameron,  i. 
264,  gives  us  to  understand  that,  in  the  Marquis 
of  Blandford's  library  there  was  an  edition,  pub- 
lished at  Lyons  in  1551,  and  does  not  vouch  for  its 
being  the  first.  G.  S.  C. 

SUTTON  FAMILY  (3rd  S.  i.  131.)— Absence  from 
England  has  prevented  my  noticing  earlier  the 
memoranda  in  "  N.  &  Q."  on  this  head.  It  ap- 
pears to  me  doubtful  whether  the  Suttons  are  of 
Norman  origin  at  all,  and  still  more  doubtful 
whether  the  families  now  existing  are  descended 
from  one  stock.  There  are  several  places  in  Eng- 
land named  Sutton :  one  in  particular  in  the 
parish  of  Prestbury,  in  the  county  of  Chester, 
where  a  family  of  Suttons  were  located  at  a  very 
early  period.  There  still  remains  a  fine  old  black 
and  white  mansion  called  Sutton  Hall,  about  two 
miles  to  the  south  of  Macclesfield,  shorn  of  half 
its  original  dimensions,  with  a  double  moat,  and 
some  fine  old  timber  still  standing.  I  do  not  now 
remember  the  date  of  the  house,  but  it  is  of  very 
great  antiquity ;  many  hundred  years  old,  much 
older  even  thnn  Moreton  Hall  in  the  same  county. 
It  appears  to  have  been  built  before  glass  came  into 
common  use,  as  the  windows  of  the  chapel  behind 
the  house  are  of  talc,  instead  of  glass.  The  walls 
are  of  vast  thickness ;  so  much  so,  that  when  a 
door  of  communication  was  cut  through,  between 
two  adjoining  rooms  on  the  ground-floor,  a  pas- 
sage of  some  length  had  to  be  opened  through  the 
solid  wall.  The  ancient  stone  staircase  still  re- 
mains in  the  open  courtyard,  by  which  access  was 
formerly  gained  to  the  open  corridor  on  to  which 
the  upper  rooms  all  open.  The  hall  was  in  good 
repair  a  few  years  ago ;  and  is,  I  believe,  the  pro- 
perty of  the  Binghatns,  Earls  of  Lucan,  by  de- 
scent from  the  Belasyse  family,  Earls  and  Viscounts 
Fauconberg — of  whom  several  interesting  monu- 
ments remain  in  the  old  church  of  St.  Michael,  at 
Macclesfield.  The  arms  of  this  family  of  Sutton, 
from  a  copy  in  my  possession,  are : — Quarterly 
1st  and  4th,  argent,  a  chevron  sa.  between  three 
bugles  or,  strung  sa.  2nd  and  3rd,  argent,  a 
chevron  sa.  between  three  cross  crosslets  or. 
Crest.  Issuing  out  of  a  ducal  coronet  or,  a  demi- 
lion  rampant,  queue  furchee,  vert. 

The  first  ancestor  of  this  family  in  the  pedigree 
I  have,  is  "  Onyt/'  whose  son  "Adam  "  was  grantee 
of  Sutton  aforesaid  from  Hugh  Cyveliok,  Earl  of 
Chester,  ante  1181 ;  and  took  the  addition  of  "De 


448 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  V.  MAY  28,  '64. 


Sutton,"  in  consequence.  His  son,  Adam  de  Sut- 
ton,  was  the  Master-  Serjeant  of  Macclesfield 
Forest,  ante  1226  :  from  whence  came,  I  presume, 
the  bugles  in  the  arms.  CLARENCE  HALL. 

Canada  West 

THE  SUN  DANCING  ON  EASTER  SUNDAY  MORN- 
ING (3rd  S.  v.  394.)  —  This  is  not  only  a  folk  lore 
tradition  in  the  south-east  of  Ireland,  but  amongst 
a  certain  (and  not  unintelligent)  class,  amounts 
almost  to  an  article  of  faith,  if  it  can  be  so  called. 
If  the  morning  of  Easter  Day  happens  to  be  fine, 
clear,  and  sunny,  all  classes  of  young  and  old  are 
up  before  Sol  peeps  from  the  east,  in  order  to  see 
him  dance  in  the  glorious  morning  of  our  redemp- 
tion. S.  REDMOND. 

Liverpool. 

'*  MEDITATIONS  ON  LIFE  AND  DEATH"  (3rd  S.  v. 
400.)  —  These  Meditations,  professing  to  be  trans- 
lated from  the  German,  were  published  in  their 
original  language  many  years  ago*  by  the  author, 
Heinrich  Zschokke  (the  Walter  Scott  of  Switzer- 
land, as  he  was  frequently  called,  from  his  making 
Swiss  subjects  so  much  the  theme  of  his  pen),  but 
at  first  anonymously.  They  are  contained  in  the 
Stunden  der  Andacht,  —  a  work,  as  its  title  imports, 
of  a  devotional  character,  and  written  in  a  very 
popular  and  pleasing  style. 

The  work  has  gone  through  many  editions  in 
the  original.  In  the  last  edition  of  the  author's 
Works,  in  36  vols.  12mo,  Aarau,  1859,  the  Stunden 
form  vols.  xx.  to  xxix.  inclusive.  Zschokke  was  a 
native  of  ^Magdeburg,  born  in  1771,  and  died  in 
1848.  His  other  works  consist  chiefly  of  tales, 
founded  on  Swiss  legends;  and  of  histories  of 
Switzerland  and  Bavaria,  &c.  During  the  greater 
part  of  his  life  he  resided  in  Switzerland. 

A  selection  from  the  Stunden  was  published  by 
the  late  Mr.  J.  D.  Haas,  in  1843,  under  the  title 
of  Hours  of  Devotion  ;  and  the  present  Medita- 
tions were  translated  and  published  by  the  com- 
mand of  Her  Majesty  the  Queen,  as  a  tribute 
of  respect  and  affection  to  the  memory  of  the 
Prince  Consort,  by  whom  the  Stunden  were  much 
perused  and  highly  valued.  J.  MACRAT. 

THE  CHRISTIAN  NAME,  MURTHA  (3rd  S.  v.  356.) 
The  name  Murtha  is,  no  doubt,  a  corruption  of 
Muredach.  St.  Muredach  was  a  disciple  of  St. 
Patrick,  and  by  him  consecrated  the  first  Bishop 
of  Killala.  The  name  would  easily  and  naturally 
become  softened  down  to  Murtha,  or  as  it  is  some- 
times spelt  Murtagh.  In  Scotland  it  became 
Murdoch.  F.  C  H 

%  EPISCOPAL  SEAL  (3rd  S.  v.  357.)—  The  inscrip- 
tl0n.~7,"  ^-  *  r^norne  •  dei  •  gracia  .  episcopi  .  manu- 
encis  —is,  I  have  no  doubt,  that  of  a  Bishop  of 
St.  David's.  The  last  word  is,  or  is  intended  to 
be,  menevensis,  the  Latin  name  of  the  see  being 

F.  C  H° 


Menevia. 


*  Aarau,  1809-16,  8  vols. 


KOBERT  BUTTERFIELD'S  "MASCHIL"  (3rd  S.  iii. 
166,  220.)— I  have  a  copy  of  this  very  rare  book,  of 
which  only  two  other  appear  to  be  known  :  one  in 
Trinity  College,  Dublin,  and  one,  without  title,  in 
the  Bodleian  Library.  Some  years  since,  I  searched 
in  vain  the  British  Museum,  and  all  accessible 
bibliographical  works  for  any  clue  to  it.  The 
title  is  discoloured,  and  the  book  has  been  pierced 
by  a  worm,  but  the  holes  have  been  neatly  filled. 
I  bought  it  for  a  penny  at  a  bookseller's  stall. 

W.  LEE. 

"  THE  POSTBOY  ROBB'D  OF  HIS  MAIL  (3rd  S.  iii. 
307,  398.)  —  H.  S.  G.  does  not  answer  T.  The 
edition  in  T.'s  possession,  dated  1706,  is  the  one 
that  Dunton,  in  1705,  in  his  Life  and  Errors, 
said  would  "in  a  few  months  be  reprinted,  and 
severely  corrected."  The  edition  of  1706  is,  how- 
ever, so  free,  that  either  the  "severe  correction" 
did  not  produce  much  improvement,  or  else  the 
former  edition  must  have  been  very  naughty. 
The  Postman  robbed  of  his  Mail,  1719,  is,  I  think, 
a  later  edition  of  the  same  work.  W.  LEE. 

DAVISON'S  CASE  (3rd  S.  v.  399.)  — The  case 
alluded  to  by  AN  INNER  TEMPLAR,  is  narrated 
without  names  in  the  Gentlemans  Magazine  for 
April,  1812  (vol.  Ixxxii.  pp  1,  349),  where  it  is 
quoted  from  the  Monthly  Mirror,  vol.  ix.  The 
facts  are  given  as  authentic,  and  are  in  some  re- 
spects even  more  extraordinary  than  they  appear 
in  your  correspondent's  version  of  the  story. 

A  MIDDLE  TEMPLAR. 

ANGELIC  VISION  OF  THE  DYING  (3rd  S.  iv.  351.) 
MR.  MAUDE'S  query  has  recalled  vividly  to  my 
memory  a  very  remarkable  instance  of  such  an 
occurrence.  A  few  year's  since,  I  was  present  at 
the  death-bed  of  a  dear  relative  ;  and,  at  .the  time 
of  the  circumstances  which  I  am  about  to  relate 
taking  place,  there  were  in  the  room  with  the 
dying  girl,  besides  myself,  her  three  sisters  (one  a 
widow,  both  of  the  others  married — one  being  my 
wife),  and  the  nurse.  It  was  early  on  a  summer's 
morning ;  no  sun  was  visible,  the  sky  entirely 
concealed  by  a  mass  of  dull  grey  clouds.  The 
bedroom  window,  which  fronted  the  south-west, 
thrown  wide  open,  and  the  curtains  drawn  back  to 
admit  air  to  the  patient  sufferer,  who  was  nearly 
suffocated  from  dropsy. 

We  stood  at  either  side  of  her  bed,  looking  on, 
expecting,  indeed  hoping  for  her  speedy  release. 
She  lay,  or  rather  sat  up,  supported  by  pillows ; 
her  head  thrown  back,  gasping  for  breath,  and 
evidently  sinking  rapidly.  Suddenly  her  face 
shone  with  so  brilliant  a  radiance,  of  a  bright 
golden  colour,  that  I  involuntarily  turned  to  the 
window  to  see  whether  it  was  reflected  from  the 
sky.  There  was  nothing  of  the  kind.  I  looked  at 
her  again.  Her  eyes,  enlarged  far  beyond  their 
natural  size,  became  extraordinarily  bright,  and 
her  countenance  remained  illumined  for  about 


.MAY  28,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


449 


half  a  minute.  We  gazed  on  her  in  mute  astonish- 
ment. The  supernatural  light  gradually  faded 
away  ;  she  turned  her  head  from  one  to  the  other 
of  us,  and,  with  a  surprising  effort,  exclaimed: 
"  Did  you  not  hear  it  ?  the  shouts  —  the  shouts 
of  victory ! "  and  appeared  greatly  disappointed 
at  our  silence.  She  then  grew  rapidly  weaker, 
and  within  an  hour  or  so  breathed  her  last. 
Within  a  few  hours  after  her  death,  we  related 
this  extraordinary  scene  to  the  doctor  and  the 
clergyman,  who  had  been  her  kind  and  constant 
attendants;  as  also,  to  several  relatives  and 
friends. 

For  obvious  reasons,  I  omit  further  particulars, 
but  I  shall  be  very  happy  to  supply  them  in  de- 
tail to  your  correspondent.  I  enclose  an  envelope 
with  my  address.  Y.  S.  M. 

BATTLES  IN  ENGLAND  (3rd  S.  v.  398.)  — The 
Barons'  War,  by  W.  H.  Blaauw,  Esq.,  for  many 
years  honorary  secretary  to  the  Sussex  Archae- 
ological Society,  contains  a  chapter  (ch.  xv.) 
devoted  to  the  Battle  of  Evesham.  The  chapter 
consists  of  twenty-three  pages,  and  the  references 
are  numerous.  I  shall  have  great  pleasure  in 
lending  my  copy  to  J.  D.  M'K. 

WYNNE  E.  BAXTER. 

Croydon. 

HINDOO  GODS  (3rd  S.  v.  399.)  —  In  arranging 
his  Hindoo  Pantheon,  MR.  DAVIDSON  might  feel 
interested  in  a  set  of  coarse  pictures,  in  ail  about 
eighty,  by  a  native  artist,  which  I  procured  some 
years  ago,  in  Calcutta.  They  represent  most  of 
their  popular  deities,  with  incidents  in  their  le- 
gends, but  unfortunately  I  have  lost  the  Key  I 
had  with  them.  This,  however,  no  doubt  will  be 
found  in  some  of  the  books  brought  to  Mr.  D.'s 
notice ;  and  if  he  would  like  to  see  mine,  I  shall 
be  happy  to  send  it  to  him.  A.  G. 

Although  Vishnu  is  usually  represented  carried 
by  either  Hanuman  (Pan)  or  Guruden  (Mercury), 
when  moving  from  one  place  to  another,  your 
correspondent  JOHN  DAVIDSON  may  rest  assured 
that  the  image  he  possesses  of  a  Hindoo  god 
seated  on  a  tortoise  is  Vishnu  in  that  incarnation. 
By  command  of  Bramha,  or  as  he  is  otherwise 
called,  Pru-Japutee  (Jupiter),  the  lord  of 'all 
creatures,  Vishnu,  after  having  delivered  the 
earth  from  a  deluge,  supported  it  upon  his  back 
under  the  form  of  a  tortoise,  in  which  position 
the  Hindoos  believe  it  still  continues.  The  Greek 
and  Roman  mythology  was  derived  from  that  of 
India,  the  Indian  from  the  Egyptian.  The  Indian 
fable  of  Vishnu  as  the  tortoise  supporting  the 
earth  on  his  back,  suggested  to  the  Greeks  the 
myth  of  the  broad-backed  Atlas  in  a  stooping 
posture,  supporting  the  mountains  of  the  earth. 
The  tortoise  of  Indian  superstition  is  analogous  to 
the  scarabteus  of  ancient  Egypt,  and  both  have 
the  same  emblematical  signification.  The  above 


story  of  Vishnu  delivering  the  world  or  its  in- 
habitants from  a  deluge  when  in  the  form  of  a 
tortoise,  which  may  be  compared  to  that  of  an 
ark,  when  added  to  the  facts  that  in  Vish-Nu  is 
preserved  the  oriental  name  of  Noah,  and  that 
Vishnu  is  called  the  Preserver,  may  be  regarded 
as  a  Hindoo  record  of  the  preservation  of  the 
survivors  of  the  human  race  by  Noah  at  the 
Deluge.  H.  C. 

THOMAS  BENTLEY,  OF  CHISWICK  OR  TURNHAM 
GREEN  (3rd  S.  v.  376.)— Tins  gentleman,  who  was 
the  partner  of  the  celebrated  Wedgwood,  was 
buried  at  Chiswick.  On  the  east  wall  of  the 
chancel  of  Chiswick  church  is  a  monument  to  his 
memory.  His  epitaph  tells  us  that  "  he  was 
blessed  with  an  elevated  and  comprehensive  un- 
derstanding ;  he  possessed  a  warm  and  brilliant 
imagination,  a  pure  and  elegant  taste.  His  ex- 
tensive abilities  were  guided  by  the  most  ex- 
panded philanthropy  in  forming  and  executing 
plans  for  the  public  good."  Over  the  monument 
is  his  bust  in  white  marble. 

I  should  be  glad  to  know  something  more  of 
this  Thomas  Bentley,  as  Wedgwood's  biographers, 
as  far  as  I  have  seen,  are  entirely  ignorant  in  ihe 
matter,  and  confound  him  with  Richard  Bentley, 
the  only  son  of  the  celebrated  Greek  scholar. 

In  a  notice  of  Wedgwood  in  Chambers' s  Book 
of  Days  (i.  44),  I  find  the  following  passage  :  — 

"  He  [Wedgwood]  took  into  partnership  Mr.  Bentley, 
son  of  the  celebrated  Dr.  Bentley,  and  opened  a  ware- 
house in  London,  where  the  goods  were  exhibited  and 
sold.  Mr.  Bentley,  who  was  a  man  oflearning  and  taste, 
and  had  a  large 'circle  of  acquaintance  among  men  of 
rank  and  science,  superintended  the  business  in  the  me  • 
tropolis." 

All  this  is  mere  error  and  assumption.  Dr. 
Bentley  had  only  one  son,  Richard,  who  died 
October  23,  1782;  whereas  Thomas  Bentley,  the 
partner  of  Josiah  Wedgwood,  died  at  Turnham 
Green  in  1780. 

In  December,  1781,  a  twelve  days'  sale  oc- 
curred at  Christie's,  being  "  the  stock  of  Messrs. 
Wedgwood  and  Bentley."  This  was  for  the  divi- 
sion of  the  property,  the  latter,  as  we  have  seen, 
having  died  in  the  previous  year. 

EDWARD  F.  RIMBAULT. 

WOLTE,  GARDENER  TO  HENRY  VIII.  (3rd  S.  v. 
195.)  —In  London's  Encyclopedia  of  Gardening, 
p.  719,  it  is  stated  that :  — 

"  It  appears  from  Turner's  Herbal  that  the  apricot  was 
cultivated  here  in  1562  ;  and  in  Hakluyt's  Remembrancer, 
1582,  it  is  affirmed  that  the  apricot  was  procuVed  out  of 
Italv  by  Wolfe,  a  French  priest,  gardener  to  Henry 
VII'I." 

H.  LOFTUS  TOTTENHAM. 

CLASSICAL  QUOTATIONS  WITTILY  APPLIED  OR 
RENDERED  (2nd  S.  ix.  116,  &c.)— Coleridge,  in  a 
marginal  note  upon  Baxter's  Life,  observes  :  — 


450 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3**  S.  V.  MAY  28,  '64. 


"  Schoolmasters  are  commcnty  punsters.  My  old 
master,  the  Rev.  James  Bowyer,  the  Hercules  furens  of 
the  phlogistic  sect,  but  an  incomparable  teacher,  used  to 
translate,  Nihil  in  intellectu  quod  non  prius  in  sensu, — first 
reciting  the  Latin  words,  and  observing  that  they  were 
the  fundamental  article  of  the  Peripatetic  School, — '  You 
must  flog  a  boy,  before  you  can  make  him  understand  ?  ' 
—or,  '  You  must  lay  it  in  at  the  tail  before  you  can  get 
it  into  the  head.'  " 

ElRIONNACH. 

CASTS  OF  SEALS  (3rd  S.  v.  419.)— Ordinary 
white  wax  is  an  excellent  material,  by  reason  of 
the  facilities  it  offers  for  manipulation.  Gum- 
arabic,  very  concentrated,  will  answer ;  but  it  of 
course  takes  some  time  to  dry,  and  that  is  an 
inconvenience.  GEORGE  F.  CHAMBERS. 

Royal  Institution. 

Gutta  Percha,  for  manipulation.  See  full  in- 
structions in  Journal  of  the  Institute^  vol.  v.  p.  332. 

H.  T.  E. 

"  CUCKOO  OATS,"  ETC.  (3rd  S.  v.  394.)  — The 
meaning  of  this  phrase  is  simply  this.  If  the 
spring  is  so  backward,  that  the  oats  cannot  be  sown 
till  the  cuckoo  is  heard,  or,  the  autumn  so  wet 
that  the  latter-math  crop  of  hay  cannot  be  got  in 
till  the  woodcocks  come  over,  the  farmer  is  sure 
to  suffer  great  losses.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

Chronica    Monasterii    S.   Albani.      Thomce    Walsingkam 

quondam    Monachi    S.    Albani,     Historia    A.nqlicana. 

Edited  by  Henry  Thomas  Riley,  M.A.     Vol.  II.  A.D. 

1381—1423. 
Letters  and  Papers  illustrative  of  the  Reigns  of  Richard  III. 

and  Henry  VII.  Edited  by  James  Gairdner.  Vol.  II. 
Annales  Monastici.  Vol  I.  Annales  de  Margan  (A.D. 

1060—1232);    Annales  de  Theokesberia  (A.D.  1066— 

1263)  ;  Annales  de  Burton  (A.D.  1004—1263).     Edited 

by  Henry  Richards  Luard,  M.A. 

Three  more  volumes  of  the  goodly  and  useful  Series  of 
Chronicles,  issuing  under  the  direction  of  the  Master  of 
the  Rolls,  have  been  put  forth  to  the  great  profit  of  the 
students  of  our  earlier  history.  The  first  of  these  is  the 
second  and  concluding  volume  of  Mr.  Riley's  edition  of 
Walsingham's  Chronicles  of  St.  Album's.  Mr.  Riley  has 
not  only  bestowed  considerable  pains  upon  this  work, 
but  has  added  greatly  to  its  value  by  a  series  of  interest- 
ing Appendices,  and  a  full  and  carefully  compiled  Index. 

Like  Mr.  Riley's  volume,  Mr.  Gairdner's  is  the  second 
and  final  volume  of  The  Letters  and  Papers  illustrative  of 
the  Reigns  of  Richard  III.  and  Henry  VII.  It  is  similar 
in  arrangement  to  the  preceding,  and  contains  numerous 
additional  letters  and  papers ;  not  merely  legal  and  formal 
documents,  but  contemporary  papers  of  general  historical 
interest,  many  of  which  have  been  derived  from  foreign 
archives.  Like  Mr.  Riley's  volume,  too,  this  of  Mr. 
Gairdner  has  its  value  increased  by  its  Appendix  and 
Index. 

Mr.  Luard's  volume  is  the  first  of  a  collection  of  the 
various  Annales  preserved  in  the  different  monasteries 
and  bearing  their  names,  which  contain  the  chief  sources 
for  the  history  of  the  thirteenth  century.  Many  of  these 


have  been  already  printed,  but  so  imperfectly  as  to  render 
a  new  edition  desirable,  while  others  are  so  rare  as 
scarcely  to  be  obtainable  at  any  price.  For  instance,  The 
Margan  Annals  were  printed  by  Gale  from  the  only 
known  MS. — that  in  Trinity  College,  Cambridge — but 
with  such  important  omissions  and  such  glaring  errors, 
arising  from  ignorance  or  careless  reading,  that  many 
sentences  are  absolute  nonsense,  and  would  seem  to  jus- 
tify Mr.  Luard's  opinion  that  Gale  employed  a  tran- 
scriber, and  never  collated  the  transcript.  'The  Tewkes- 
lury  Annals  in  like  manner,  are  preserved  in  only  one 
MS.  (in  the  Cottonian  Collection),  and  every  page  shows 
the  care  and  pains  which  Mr.  Luard  has  bestowed  upon 
the  editing  of  them.  The  third  chronicle,  the  well-known 
Annals  of  Burton,  which  Fulman  had  printed  very  care- 
lessly in  his  Rerum  Anglicarum  Scriptores,  is  here  re- 
printed with  great  accuracy  and  fidelity  from  the  same 
MS.,  the  only  one  known  to  exist,  and  which  is  also  in 
the  Cottonian  Collection.  Mr.  Luard  announces  that  a 
General  Index  will  be  given  to  all  the  Chronicles  con- 
tained in  his  Collection,  such  Index  being  far  more  con- 
venient, and  far  more  valuable  than  if  each  chronicle  or 
volume  were  indexed  separately.  Mr.  Luard  is  quite 
right:  a  good  index  is  an  admirable  thing,  but  in  a 
multiplicity  of  indexes  there  is  vexation  and  waste  of 
time. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose:  — 

6  Vols.  8vo.    Vols.  I.  and  IV. 

LECTURES    ON     PROPHETICAL     OFFICES     OF    THE 


NEW* 


CHURCH.    8vo. 
NKWMAN  (DEAN),  LENT  AND  EASTER. 
MANNING'S  SERMONS.    4  Vols.  8vo. 
SACKED  POEMS  FOR  MOURNERS. 

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INDIAN  CIVIL  SERVICE  EXAMINATION  PAP«RS  for  1857. 

Wanted  by  Rev.  P.  J.  F.  Ganlitton,  Courtrai  House,  Tivoli, 
Cheltenham. 


PCBLICATION  OF  DIARIES T.  T.  W.  rtolly  must  excuse  our  bringing 

this  controversy  to  a  close. 

P.  J.  F.  G.  The  "godless  Regent"  was  Philip,  Duke  of  Orleans, of 
whom  Pope,  in  a  note,  says  he  was  "superstitious  in  judicial  astrology, 
though  an  unbeliever  in  all  religion." 

ST.  T.    Sad,  as  used  in  Sad-iron,  has  the  provincial  meaning  of  heavy , 

solid,  ponderous Mam's  Bail  has  doub'less  the  same  meaning  as 

Mam's  Foot,  a  mothei  's pet  child.    Halliwell  has  Daile,  to  dally. 

J.  W.  The  first  quotation  on  the  book-plate  is  from  Horace,  Sat.  i.  4, 
138.  The  second  is  the  motto  to  Laharpe's  Cours  de  Literature. 

G.  J.  COOPER.    Herbert  Coleridge,  Esq.  died  on  April  23,  1861.    See 

Gent.'s  Mag.  June,  1861,  and  Macmillan's  Magazine,  Mov.  1-61 The 

Rev.  Thomas  Ke>cherer  Arnold  died  onMarch  9,  1853.  See  Gent.'s  Mag. 
June,  1853,  p.  667,  and  Guardian  newspaper,  1853,  p.  180.  His  quarterly 
periodical.  The  Theological  Critic,  was  complete  in.  eight  numbers,  or 

•I  vols.  I851-* Mr.  James  Darling,  bookseller,  died  on  March  2,1862. 

His  Cyclopedia  Bibliographica  made  3  vols.  Vide  Gent.'s  Mag.  April, 
1862,  p.  512. 

DAVID  SEMPLB.  We  would  have  availed  ourselves  of  the  monogram  of 
Bishop  Andrew  Knox  and  his  wife  if  it  had  reached  us  in  time  fur  the 
notices  of  that  pi-elate,  which  appeared  in  our  number  0}  May  7, 1864. 
Many  of  our  readers,  however,  will  be  glad  to  learn  that  some  curious  un- 
,,<it,li*hfd  particulars  of  the  Bishop  of  Raphoe,  dunn<j  his  uicumoency 
at  Paisley, have  beenprinted  in  the  Paisley  Herald  of  May  21,  )8b4. 

***  Cases  for  binding  the  volumes  of"  N.  &  Q."  may  be  had  of  the 
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A  ctuary.— Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN 
CIPLE  by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  von 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society  s  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Kates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Kates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  tue  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MKDICAL  MEN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases, for  their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

IS' (.CHARGE  MADE  FOR  POLICY  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready, price  145. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAYINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 

OSTBO      SXDOK. 

Patent.March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

GABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH   and 
SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.    Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 


MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE  OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 
larley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill, 
134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street.  Birmingh 


Consultations  gratis.  For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth/'  Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 


PIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

*TTTMM £GN,°.L£ATV  WHITE  ROSE,  FRANGIPANNI.  GERA- 
NIUM, PA1CUOULY,  EVER-SWEET,  NEW-MOWN  HAY  and 
1000  others.  2<r.6d.each.-2,  New  Bond  Street,  London/ 

BROWN  AND  POLSON'S 

PATENT     CORN      FLOUR, 
Packets,  8d. 
GUARANTEED  PERFECTLY  PURE, 

is  a  favourite 
DIET  FOR  CHILDREN, 

and  much  approved 
For  PUDDINGS,  CUSTARDS,  &c. 

MOLLO  WAY'S   OINTMENT    AND    PILLS.— 
SCROFULA  VANQUISHED._Mr.  Thomas  Roe,  druggist,  at 
ithorn,  writes  thus  to    Professor  Holloway:  _"  Sir,.-  Alexumler 
Fadden,  son  of  a  gamekeeper  residing  in  this  town,  h»d  a  scrofulous 
e  on  his  loot  for  five  years,  which  discharged  much  matter,  and  was 
inually  growing  larger  and  deeper,    Almost  everything  had  been 
nsuccesslully  applied  with  the  hope  of  healing  the  nicer,  when  the 
V    wan  brouKlH  to  me,  and  I  recommended  a  trial  of  your  Oint- 
?ills,  which  healed  up  the  ulceration,  and  eventually  effected 
cur(T,,  •L1ri?,fat.herand,.80n  are  ready  and  willing  to  confirm 
£Jl  rtf™?1.*'       The  ^valuable  properties  of  Holloway's  remedies 
deemed  incSaablePr0gre88  °f  ma"y  Ui8eaBe"  which  have  hi^eto  been 


XTORTH   BRITISH    AND    MERCANTILE 

-Ll  INSURANCE   COMPANY. 

Established  1809. 

FIRE  AND  LIFE  INSURANCE  BUSINESS  of  every  description 
transacted  at  moderate  rates. 

The  usual  Commission  allowed  on  Ship  and  Foreign  Insurances. 
Insurers  in  this  Company  will  receive  the  full  benefit  of  the  reduc- 
tion in  Duty. 

Capital £2,000,000 

Annual  Income 4MO7,30:t 

Accumulated  Funds  -  «S,S33,»S7 

LONDON-HEAD  OFFICES,  58,  Threadneedle  Street,  E.C. 

WEST  END  OFFICE         - 


DEBENTURES    at  5,  5i,   and  6   PER  CENT., 
CEYLON  COMPANY,  LIMITED.  Subscribed  Capital,  <350,000. 


DIRECTORS. 


Duncan  James  Kay,  Esq. 
Stephen  P.  Kennard,  Esq. 
Patrick  F.  Robertson,  Esq. 
Robert  Smith,  Esq. 


Lawford  Acland.  Esq.,  Chairman. 
Major-General     Henry    Pelham 

Burn. 

Harry  George  Gordon,  Esq. 
George  Ireland,  Esq. 

MANAOER—C.  J.  Braine.Esq. 

The  Directors  are  prepared  to  issue  Debentures  for  one,  three,  and 
five  years,  at  5, 5i,  and  6  per  cent,  respectively.  They  are  also  prepared 
to  invest  money  or  morteane  in  Ceylon  and  Mauritius,  either  with  or 


ihout  the  Guarantee  of  the  Company,  as  may  be  arranged. 
Applications  for  particulars  to  be  mad< 
No.  12,  Leadenhall  street,  London,  E.C. 


Applications 
*denl 
By  Order, 


lars  to  be  made  at  the  Office  of  the  Company, 
B.C. 
JOHN  ANDERSON,  Secretary. 


STARCH  MANUFACTURERS 
TO  H  R.H.  THE  PRINCESS  OF  WALES. 

PLENFIELD    PATENT   STARCH, 

VT  Used  in  the  Royal  Laundry. 

And  awarded  the  Prize  Medal,  1862. 
Sold  by  all  Grocers, Chandlers,  &c.,  &c. 


CHOOOKAT  —  MB1TXBR. 

(Manufactured  only  in  France.) 

THE    HEALTHIEST,    BEST,  and  most  DELI- 
CIOUS   ALIMENT  for  BREAKFAST   KNOWN    SINCE  1825; 
DEFIES   ALL    HONEST   COMPETITION,  UNADULTERATED, 
HIGHLY  NUTRITIOUS  and  PURE.    Sold  in  i  Ib  Packets. 

Also,  especially  manufactured  for  eating  as  ordinary  sweetmeats, 

or  at  Dessert:  — 

Chocolate  Creams.       I  Chocolate  Nougat.        I    Chocolate  Praline1. 
Chocolate  Almonds.    |  Chocolate  Pistaches.     |    Chocolate  Pastilles. 

Chocolate  Croquettes  and  Chocolate  Liqueres  every  delicate). 

Wholesale, E.  GUENIN,  1 19.  Chancery  Lane,  London.    Retail,  by  all 

respectable  houses. 


SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

-WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoisseurs 

"THE    ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERRINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations,  and 
should  see  that  LEA  &  PERRINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 
Bottle,  and  Stopper. 

ASK  FOB  LEA.  AND  PERBINS'  SAUCE. 

***  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors,  Worcester; 
MESSRS.  CROSSE  and  BLACKWELL,  MESSRS.  BARCLAY  and 
SONS,  London,  &c.,  &c. ;  and  by  Grocers  and  Oilmen  universally. 


pHUBB'S    LOCKS    and  FIREPROOF  SAFES, 

\J  with  all  the  newest  improvements.    Street-door  Latches,  Cash  and 

Deed  Boxes.    Full  illustrated  price  lists  sent  free. 

CHUBB  &  SON,  57,  St.  Paul's  Churchyard,  London;  27,  Lord  Street, 

Liverpool;   16,  Market   Street,  Manchester;  and  Horseley  Fields, 

Wolverhampton. 


OND'S     PERMANENT   MARKING   INK. — 

.     The  original  invention,  established  1821,  for  marking  CRESTS, 

AMES,  INITIALS,  upon  household  linen,  wearing  apparel,  &c. 

N.B — Owing  to  the  great  repute  in  which  this  Ink  ii  held  by  families, 
outfitters,  &c.,  inferior  imitations  are  often  sold  to  the  public,  which  do 
not  possess  any  of  its  celebrated  qualities.  Purchasers  should  there- 
fore be  careful  to  observe  the  address  on  the  label,  10,  BiSHOPSGATE- 
STREET  WITHIN,  E.C.,  without  which  the  Ink  is  not  genuine. 
Sold  by  all  respectable  chemists,  stationers,  &c.,  in  the  United  King- 
dom, price  Is.  per  bottle;  no  6<i.  size  ever  made. 

NOTICE.  — REMOVED  from  23,  Long  Lane  (where  it  has  been 
established  nearly  half  a  century),  to 

10,  BISHOPSGATE  STREET  WITHIN,  E.C. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[8**  S.  V.  MAY  28,  '64. 


MESSRS.  BEX.X.  &, 

LIST. 


DEIGHTOCT,    BIS&SL,,   &    CO.'S 

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THREE  2TOTELETS  ON  SHAKSPEAKE. 

I.  SHAKSPEARE  IN  GERMANY. 
II.  THE  FOLK  LORE  OF  SHAKSPEARE. 
III.  WAS  SHAKSPEARE  EVER  A  SOLDIER? 

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SATURDAY,  JUNE  4,  1864. 


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CONTENTS  :  — 

I—The  Hillyars  and  the  Burtons  :  A  Story  of  Two  Families. 
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Elliot,"  "  Kavenshoe,"  &c. 

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Rev.  F.  3.  A.  Hort. 

"  1n1Cit>hniP  Gilb<5rt  Hamilton- 


on  oteoarVI 

VL—  Biography  at  a  Discount.    By  Charles  Allston  Collins. 
VIL-A  Mother's  Waking.    By  E.  M.  Murray. 
Ji-1"  9n  the  Stu(iy  of  Nature  as  a  Guide  to  Art.    By  J.  L.  Roget. 
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II.  THE  FOLK  LORE  OF  8HAKSPEARE 
in.  WAS  SHAKSPEARE  EVER  A  SOLDIER  ? 

BY  WILLIAM  J.  THOMS, 

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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


451 


LONDON,  SATURDAY  JUNE  4,  1864. 


CONTENTS. —No.  127. 

NOTES :  —  The  Court  and  Character  of  James  I.,  451  — 
Longevity  of  Clergymen,  453  —  Misquotations  by  great 
Authorities,  454  —John  Bunyan,  455  —  An  old  Joke  revived 
— Kings  !  — Digby  Pedigree  — Liripipium  — Large  Cannon 

—  A  Relic  of  Shakspeare,  45G. 

QUERIES :  — Bells  called  Skelets  —  Buttery  Family  — Co- 
lossus of  Rhodes  —  Crancelin :  Arms  of  Prince  Albert  — 
De  Burgh's  "  Hibcrnia  Dominicana  "  —  The  Golden  Calf- 
Godfrey  of  Bouillon's  Tree  —  J.  G.  Grant  —  George  Hamil- 
ton :  Capt.  Edwards  —  Moses  Harris  —  The  Miss  Hor- 
necks  — Loo  — Mark  of  Thor's  Hammer  — Nomination  of 
Bishops  —  Old  Prints  —Pedigree  —  Seaforth  and  Reay — 
Shakspeariana  —  Succession  through  the  Mother  — Kathe- 
rine  Swinton  —  James  Thomson  —  Valenciennes  —  The 
Rev.  Thomas  Wilkinson  —  Wyatt,  457. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS:— "The  School  for  Scandal "— ' 
John  or  Jno.  —  Barons  of  Henry  III. :  Gentry  of  Essex 

—  Sibber :  Sibber  Sauces —  Indian  Army  —  Charlemagne's 
Tomb  —  A  Foot  Cloth  Nag  —  Eiudon  Stone,  Llandeilo 
Fawr,  459. 

REPLIES:  —  The  Prototype  of  Collins's  " To-Morrow."  461 

—  Edward  Arden,  463  —  "  Now,  Brave  Boys,  we're  on  for 
Marchin',"  464— Long  Grass,  Ib.  —  The  Cuckoo  Song,  465  — 
Lasso  — Old  Painting  at  Easter  Fowlis  —  Jeremiah  Hor- 
rocks  —  Oratorio  of  "Abel"  —Dor  — To  Man— Haydn 
Queries  —  Salmagundi  —  Marrow  Bones  and  Cleavers  — 
Baron  Munchausen  —  Barony  of  Mordaunt  —  Gary  Family 

—  Pre-death  Coffins  and  Monuments  —  Quotations  wanted 
Epitaph  on  a  Dog  —  Breaking  the  Left  Arm  —  Marriage 
before  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  —  Dolphin  as  a  Crest  — 
Heraclitus   Ridens  —  Sir  Edward  May  —  "Kilruddery 
Hunt,"  &c.  466. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


THE  COURT  AND  CHARACTER  OF  JAMES  I. 

In  Mr.  Gardiner's  recently  published,  and  gene- 
rally very  able  History  of  James  /.,  I  am  sur- 
prised to  find  the  following  statement ;  which,  as 
it  would  greatly  mislead  the  historical  student 
ignorant  of  the  real  history  of  the  time,  I  request 
your  permission  to  correct :  — 

"  It  is  difficult  to  pronounce  with  certainty  upon  the 
extent  to  which  the  court  immorality  went.  It  is  evi- 
dent, from  the  circumstances  which  are  known  to  us,  that 
it  was  ^ bad  enough;  but  I  believe  that  Mr.  Hallam's 
comparison  of  the  court  of  James  with  Charles  II.'s  is 
considerably  exaggerated.  I  have  omitted  the  well- 
known  story  of  the  drunken  scene  at  Theobald's  during 
the  King  of  Denmark's  visit,  not  because  I  doubt  its  ac- 
curicy,  but  because  it  would  leave  an  impression  that 
such  scenes  were  of  constant  occurrence.  Whereas,  it 
was  only  on  very  rare  occasions  that  anything  of  the 
kind  is  heard  of." 

That  Mr.  Gardiner  should  have  found  any  diffi- 
culty in  testing  the  amount  of  vice  and  unclean- 
ness  of  James's  time,   and  that  he  should  have 
ventured  on  his  last  assertion,  is  extraordinary. 
"The  court  of  this  king,"  says  Mrs.  Hutchinson,  whose 
T  and  relations  were  in  immediate  connection  with 
it,  "was  a  nursery  of  lust  and  intemperance;   he  had 
ht  in   with  him  a  company  of  poor  Scots,  who, 
•oiiuii^  into  this  plentiful  kingdom,  were  surfeited  with 
riot  and  debaucheries,  and  got  all  the  riches  of  the  land 
only  to  cast  away:    The  honour  and  wealth  and  glory  of 
the  nation,  wherein  Queen  Elizabeth  left  it,  were  soon 


prodigally  wasted  by  this  thriftless  heir ;  and  the  nobility 
of  the  land  was  utterly  debased  by  setting  honours  to 
public  sale,  and  conferring  them  on  persons  that  had 
neither  blood  nor  merit  fit  to  wear,  nor  estates  to  bear  up 
their  titles;  but  were  fain  to  invent  projects  to  pillage 
the  people,  and  pick  their  purses,  for  the  maintenance  of 
vice  and  lewdness.  The  generality  of  the  gentry  of  the 
land  soon  learned  the  court  fashions,  and  every  great 
house  in  the  country  became  a  sty  of  uncleanness.  Then 
began  murder,  incest,  adultery,  drunkenness,  swearing, 
fornication,  and  all  sorts  of  ribaldry,  to  be  concealed  but 
countenanced  vices,  because  they  "held  such  conformity 
with  the  court  example." — Mrs.  Hutchinson's  Memoirs^ 
Bohn's  Standard  Library,  pp.  78 — 79. 

The  extent  to  which  James's  individual  drun- 
kenness and  depravity  proceeded,  is  circum- 
stantially related  in  Jesse's  Court  of  the  Stuarts, 
and  by  Lingard  (History  of  England,  vol.  vii. 
pp.  99 — 100),  from  the  contemporary  accounts 
contained  in  Winwood's  Memorials,  Lodge's  Illus- 
trations of  British  History,  and  the  despatches  of 
De  Boderie,  the  French  ambassador ;  and  to  these 
a  few  years  since  were  added,  the  curious  and 
valuable  Illustrations  of  the  History  of  the  \6th  and 
\7th  Centuries,  translated  from  the  German  of 
Professor  Von  Raumer  by  Lord  Francis  Egerton. 
These  papers,  compiled  from  the  manuscript  col- 
lection in  the  Bibliotheque  Royale,  in  Paris,  con- 
tains the  secret  despatches  of  three  different  am- 
bassadors to  James's  court — MM.  De  Beaumont, 
De  Telliers,  and  De  Boderie  ;  and,  in  their  several 
accounts  of  James's  utter  abandonment  to  every 
species  of  vice  and  sensuality,  they  agree  to  the 
letter.  Since  the  Cities  of  the  Plain  called  down 
the  wrath  of  heaven,  it  may  reasonably  be  doubted 
if  any  amount  of  human  wickedness  has  trans- 
cended the  pollutions  of  this—  so  justly  called  by 
Mr.  Forster,  in  his  Life  of  Sir  John  Eliot—"  the 
basest  court  in  Christendom." 

"  Consider,  for  pity's  sake,"  writes  De  Beaumont  in 
June,  1604,  "  what  must  be  the  state  and  condition  of  a 
prince  whom  the  preachers  publicly  from  the  pulpit  as- 
sail— whom  the  comedians  of  the  metropolis  bring  upon 
the  stage — whose  wife  attends  these  representations  to 
enjoy  the  laugh  against  her  husband — whom  the  Parlia- 
ment braves  and  despises,  and  who  is  universally  hated 
by  the  whole  people." —  Von  Raumer,  vol.  ii.  p.  2(X. 

Again  in  October,  1604,  he  reports  to  Henry 
IV.,  that  Anne  of  Denmark  had  said  to  him  :— 

"  It  is  time  that  I  should  have  possession  of  the  Prince 
of  Wales,  and  gain  his  affection :  for  the  king  drinks  so 
much,  and  conducts  himself  so  ill  in  every  respect,  that  I 
expect  an  early  and  evil  result."  "I  know  that  she 
grounds  herself  in  this,"  continues  the  ambassador,  "  not 
ojily  on  the  king's  bad  way  of  life,  but  also  on  this,  that, 
according  to  her  expressions,  the  men  of  the  house  of 
Lennox  have  geperally,  in  consequence  of  excessive  drink- 
ing, died  in  their  fortieth  year,  or  become  quite  imbe- 
cile."— Ibid.,  vol.  ii.  pp.  209-10. 

On  August  23,  1621,  De  Telliers  reports :  —  , 

"  They  have  no  thought   here  of  a  war,   either  in 

France  or  in  Germany ;  nor  of  any  occupation  whatever 

other  than  that  of  eating,  drinking,  and  making  merry. 

The  house  of  the  Duke  of  Buckingham  is  a  chief  resort 


452 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  V.  JUNE  4,  '64. 


for  these  pursuits ;  but  I  have  too  much  modesty  to  de- 
scribe, in  the  terms  of  strict  truth,  things  which  one 
would  rather  suppress  than  commit  in  writing  to  am- 
bassadorial despatches,  destined  for  the  perusal  of  exalted 
persons.  They  are  such  as  even  friends  touch  upon  only 
with  reluctance  in  confidential  letters.  I  have,  neverthe- 
less, sought  out  for  the  most  decent  expressions  which  I 
can  make  use  of  to  convey  to  you  some  of  the  particulars, 
but  I  have  not  succeeded ;  whether  because  I  am  deficient 
in  adroitness,  or  that  it  is  actually  impossible  to  lay 
these  histories  before  chaste  ears." 

It  seems,  however,  that  from  Paris  they  pressed 
for  further  particulars  ;  and  De  Telliers,  there- 
fore, returns  in  a  subsequent  despatch,  undated, 
to  the  same  subject.  He  writes  :  — 

"  In  order  to  confer  an  honour  on  the  house  of  the 
Duke  of  Buckingham,  the  king  determined  to  drink  to 
excess  at  a  banquet  there.  When  he  was  a  good  way 
advanced,  and  full  of  sweet  wine,  he  took  the  Prince  of 
Wales  by  the  hand,  led  him  to  the  lords  and  ladies ;  and 
said  there  was  a  great  contention,  between  the  prince  and 
himself,  as  to  which  of  the  two  best  loved  the  Marchioness 
of  Buckingham.  After  having  recounted  all  sorts  of 
reasons  for  and  against,  he  drew  some  verses  from  his 
pocket  which  the  poet  Jonson  had  made  in  praise  of  the 
Marchioness;  then  read  some  others  of  his  own  composi- 
tion, and  swore  he  would  stick  them  on  all  the  doors  of 
his  house  to  show  his  good  will." 

Here  follows,  says  Lord  F.  Egerton,  a  passage 
in  the  original  which  he  has  been  compelled  to 
suppress  in  the  translation.  It  amply  justifies, 
says  his  Lordship,  the  ambassador's  previous 
scruples  as  to  dealing  with  the  subject  It  adds 
a  lamentable  proof  to  the  many  before  extant  of 
James's  disgusting  indecencies ;  and  it  is  difficult 
to  read  it,  without  deriving  the  worst  opinion  of 
his  habits  and  those  of  his  favourites. 

"  Had  I  not  received  this  account,"  continues  De  Tel- 
liers, "from  trustworthy  persons,  I  should  have  con- 
sidered it  impossible;  but  this  king  is  as  good  for 
nothing  as  possible, — suffers  himself  to  be  walked  in 
leading-strings  like  a  child,  is  lost  in  pleasures,  and 
buried  for  the  greater  part  of  his  time  in  wine."— Ibid., 
vol.  ii.  p.  266. 

Continuing  the  same  course  of  unbridled  pro- 
fligacy, James's  infamous  career  with  Bucking- 
ham i»  the  succeeding  year  is  repeatedly  alluded 
to  by  De  Telliers,  in  language  of  the  deepest 
reprobation.  In  January,  1622,  he  writes  :  — 

"  Affairs  here  may  in  truth  be  dangerous,  unless  con- 
ducted with  prudence — a  quality  totally  wanting  in  the 
conduct  of  affairs,  as  the  king  and  Buckingham  insist 
upon  doing  everything,  but  do  nothing.  Buckingham 
follows  wildly  the  plan  of  dissolving  the  Parliament,  which 
must  bring  on  his  destruction;  and  it  is  to  be  feared 
that,  if  the  Parliament  once  sink,  all  will  crumble  into 
ruin  together.  His  own  feeling  teaches  thia  to  every 
Englishman,  and  all  complain  of  the  matter.  The  king 
alone  seems  free  from  anxiety,  and  has  made  a  journey  to 
Newmarket  (as  a  certain  other  sovereign  once  did  to 
Capri) ;  and  here  he  leads  a  life  to  which  past  nor  pre- 
sent times  afford  no  parallel.  He  takes  his  beloved 
Buckingham  with  him ;  wishes  rather  to  be  called  his 
friend  than  king,  and  to  associate  his  name  to  the  heroes 
of  friendship  of  antiquity.  Under  such  specious  titles, 


he  endeavours  to  conceal  scandalous  doings ;  and  because 
his  strength  deserts  him.  for  these,  he  feeds  his  eyes  where 
he  can  no  longer  content  his  other  senses.  The 'end  of  all 
is  ever  the  bottle." — Ibid.,  vol.  ii.  p.  266. 

To  the  same  effect  is  the  despatch  of  De  Beau- 
mont on  October  18,  1622  :  — 

"  The  weightiest  and  most  urgent  affairs  cannot  drive 
this  king  to  devote  to  them  even  a  day,  nay  an  hour,  or 
to  interrupt  his  gratifications.  These  consist  in  his  be- 
taking himself  to  a  remote  spot;  where,  out  of  the  sight 
of  men,  he  leads  a  filthy  and  scandalous  life,  and  gives 
himself  up  to  drinking  and  other  vices — the  very  remem- 
brance of  which  is  sufficient  to  give  horrible  displeasure 
(deplait  horriblemenf).  It  appears  as  if  the  more  his 
strength  wastes,  the  more  these  infamous  passions  in- 
crease ;  and  passing  from  the  body  over  the  mind,  assume 
double  power." — Ibid.,  vol.  ii.  p.  274. 

The  purpose  of  Buckingham,  in  thus  fomenting 
the  vices  of  the  king,  is  shrewdly  divined  by  De 
Beaumont  in  his  despatch  of  the  following  Feb- 
ruary :  — 

"  The  king  troubles  himself  nothing  as  to  what  men 
think  of  him,  or  what  is  to  become  of  the  kingdom  after 
his  death.  I  believe  that  a  broken  flask  of  wine,  or  a 
similar  nothing,  is  nearer  his  heart  than  the  ruin  of  his 
son-in-law  and  the  misery  of  his  posterity.  And  Buck- 
ingham confirms  him  in  everything ;  and  hopes  that  the 
more  he  abandons  himself  to  all  pleasures  and  to  drunk- 
enness, the  weaker  will  be  his  understanding  and  spirit; 
and  so  much  the  easier  he  will  be  able  to  rule  him  by 
fear,  when  other  ties  of  connection  are  dissolved." — Ibid., 
vol.  ii.  p.  276. 

Though,  as  Macaulay  says,  England  was  no 
place,  the  seventeenth  century  no  time,  for  Sporus 
and  Locusta — in  James's  court  both  found  ac- 
ceptance and  protection.  Osborne  says  that 
Somerset  and  Buckingham  laboured  to  resemble 
women  in  the  effeminacy  of  their  dress,  and  ex- 
ceeded even  the  worst  and  most  shameless  in  the 
grossness  of  their  gestures.  And  Sir  Anthony 
Weldon  assures  us  that,  during  Somerset's  reign, 
the  English  lords  coveting  an  English  favourite 
to  supplant  him  in  the  king's  favour,  "to  that 
end  the  Countess  of  Suffolk  did  look  out  choice 
young  men,  whom  she  daily  curled  and  perfumed 
their  breath."  Revolting  as  these  practices  ap- 
pear to  modern  times,  the  authenticity  of  Wei- 
don's  statement  is  .singularly  confirmed  by  Mr. 
Forster  in  his  recent  work,  the  Life  of  Sir  John 
Eliot:  — 

"  Few  things  in  this  profligate  time  are  more  amusing 
(qu.  disgusting?)  than  the  attempt  made  by  a  rival 
party  of  lords  to  set  up  young  Monson  against  Somer- 
set."— "They  made  account  to  rise  and  recover  their 
fortunes  by  setting  up  this  new  idol,  and  took  great  pains 
in  tricking  and  pranking  him  up,  besides  washing  his  face 
every  day  with  posset  curd "  (Letters  in  State  Paper 
Office,  Feb.  28,  1617-18.) —"Young  Monson's  friends 
faint  not  for  all  the  first  foil,  but  set  him  on  still." 

To  such  a  height  did  these  abominations  pro- 
ceed, and  so  notorious  were  they,  that  the  public 
abhorrence  found  utterance  even  in  the  king's 
palace  :  some  unknown  hand  (but  supposed  to  be 


S.  V.  JUNE  4,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QlTEKIES. 


453 


Sir  John  Peyton's)  having  written  and  deposited 
the  following  lines  in  James's  chamber  :  — 

"  Aula  profana,  religione  vana, 
Spreta  uxore  Ganymedis  ambre, 
Lege  sublata,  prerogativa  inflata, 
Tolle  libertatem,  incede  civitatem, 
Ducas  spadonem 

et 
Superasti  Neronein." 

C.  R.  H. 


LONGEVITY  OF  CLERGYMEN. 

Let  me  add  a  few  more  instances,  which,  though 
of  somewhat  ancient  date,  are  sufficiently  authen- 
ticated to  appear  worthy  of  record. 

1.  Right  Rev.  John  Leslie,  D.D.,  successively 
Bishop  of  the  Isles  in  Scotland,  and  of  Raphoe 
and  Clogher  in  Ireland,  born  Oct.  14,  1571,  in 
Aberdeenshire  ;  eldest  son  of  George  Leslie  of 
Crichie,  by  Margery,  daughter  of  Patrick  Leslie 
of  Kincragie,  and  a  cadet  of  the  ancient  baronial 
family  of  Balquhain  in  that  county;  A.M.  of 
Aberdeen,  and  thence  subsequently  incorporated 
D.D.  of  the  University  of  Oxford.  After  a  long 
residence  on  the  continent,  in  Spain,  Italy,  Ger- 
many, and  France,  he  was  on  his  return  home, 
after  an  absence  of  twenty-two  years,  presented 
to  the  Rectory  of  St.  Martin-le-Vintry  in  London, 
which  preferment  he  resigned  in  Sept.  1628  ;  no- 
minated to  the  bishopric  of  the  Isles  in  Scotland 
011  Aug.  17,  1628,  by  King  Charles  I.,  and  pro- 
bably consecrated  to  that  see  in  the  month  of 
September  following.  In  1633  he  was  translated 
to  the  bishopric  of  Raphoe  pursuant  to  the  king's 
letter  of  April  8,  confirmed  on  June  1,  and  ob- 
tained a  writ  of  restitution  of  the  temporalities  of 
the  see  on  the  5th  of  that  month.  He  also  re- 
ceived letters  of  denization  on  June  1,  1633,  and 
was  admitted  a  member  of  the  Privy  Council  in 
Ireland  in  the  same  year.  After  enduring  much 
suffering  during  the  great  Rebellion,  including 
the  siege  of  his  castle  at  Raphoe,  he  was  rewarded 
for  his  loyalty  at  the  Restoration,  being  presented 
to  the  deanery  of  Raphoe  on  Feb.  9,  1661,  with 
license  to  hold  it  in  commenddm  with  the  bishopric, 
which  he  did  till  autumn  following.  Trans- 
lated to  the  see  of  Clogher  by  patents  of  June  17 
and  27,  1661,  and  died  in  Sept.  1671,  in  the  hun- 
dredth year  of  his  age,  and  forty-fourth  of  his 
episcopate,  at  his  seat  of  Glasslough,  Castle  Leslie, 
in  the  county  of  Monaghan.  His  remains  were 
interred  in  St.  Salvator's  church  there,  which  had 
been  erected  by  himself,  and  made  the  parish 
church  of  Glasslough  by  Act  of  Parliament.  The 
estate  of  this  centenarian  bishop*  is  still  possessed 
by  his  lineal  male  descendant,  and  his  great-great- 

*  Who  "  was  probably  the  ancientest  bishop  in  the 
world,"  though  he  had  certainly  not  been  «  above  fifty 
years  in  that  high  order." 


grandson,  John  Leslie,  was  successively  Bishop  of 
Dromore  and  Elphin  in  the  present  century. 

2.  Right  Rev.  Murdo  McKenzie,  D.D.,  suc- 
cessively Bishop  of  Moray  and  of  Orkney  and  Zet- 
land, died  at  his  episcopal  palace  at  Kirkwall  in 
Feb.  1688,  "  being  near  a  hundred  years  old,  and 
yet  enjoyed  the  perfect  use  of  all  his  faculties 
until  the  very  last."  (Keith's  Scottish  Bishops,  p. 
228.)  This,  however,  is  evidently  a  mistake,  as  it 
is  stated  at  p.  152  of  the  same  work,  that  he  was 
born  in  the  year  1600 ;  descended  from  a  younger 
branch  of  the  house  of  Gairloch  in  Rosshire,  his 
direct  ancestor,  Alexander  (apparently  grand- 
father), having  been  third  son  of  John,  second 
Baron  of  Gairloch,  who  died  in  1550,  by  Agnes, 
only  daughter  of  James  Fraser  of  Foyers  in  the 
same  county. 

The  following  data  cf  this  venerable  prelate's 
ecclesiastical  career,  taken  from  my  MS.  Fasti 
Ecclesia  Scoticana,  may  prove  interesting: — A.M. 
of  King's  College  and  University  of  Aberdeen, 
1616;  received  episcopal  ordination,  it  is  said, 
from  Bishop  Maxwell  of  Ross.  But  I  would  place 
it  at  an  earlier  date,  probably  about  1624,  as  that 
bishop  was  not  consecrated  till  1633,  and  Mr. 
McKenzie  is  recorded  to  have  been  chaplain  to  a 
Scotish  regiment  under  Gustavus  Adolphus,  King 
of  Sweden,  during  the  war  in  Germany,  which 
must  have  been  between  June  1630,  and  Nov.  16, 
1632  (the  period  of  his  death  in  the  battle  of 
Lutzen  in  Saxony). 

On  his  return  to  his  native  land,  he  was  made 
Parson  of  Contin,  a  parish  in  Rosshire,  the  exact 
year  I  have  not  ascertained,  but  it  must  have 
been  between  1633  and  1638,  as  he  was  a  member 
of  the  famous  Glasgow  Assembly  (which  met  on 
Nov.  21,  1638,  and  abolished  the  Established 
Church  of  Scotland),  appearing  on  the  roll  as  one 
of  the  clerical  representatives  of  the  Presbytery 
of  Dingwall.  Translated  from  Contin  to  Inver- 
ness, in  1640,  as  first  minister  of  the  collegiate 
charge  of  that  town  and  parish.  Admitted  to  the 
first  charge  of  the  town  and  parish  of  Elgin 
April  17,  1645,  and  retained  that  living  after  his 
elevation  to  the  episcopate,  having  his  residence 
there  at  the  seat  of  the  cathedral  and  chapter  of 
the  diocese  of  Moray,  his  successor  as  Parson  of 
Elgin  not  having  been  appointed  till  July,  1682. 
For  nearly  twenty-four  years  it  is,  therefore,  evi- 
dent that  he  conformed  to  Presbyterianism ;  and 
even  at  Christmas,  1659,  he  is  said  to  have  been  so 
zealous  a  Covenanter  and  "  precisian,"  as  to  have 
opposed  the  keeping  of  all  holy  days  at  Elgin,  and 
to  have  searched  the  houses  in  that  town  for  any 
"  Yule  geese,"  as  being  superstitious  ! 

On  the  re-establishment  of  episcopacy  by  King 
Charles  II.,  the  Parson  of  Elgin,  however,  readily 
complied  with  the  new  order  of  things  in  Church 
and  State ;  although,  after  all,  it  was  only  a  return 
to  the  same  form  of  church  government  in  which  he 


454 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3*d  S.  V.  JUNE  4,  '64. 


had  been  originally  educated  and  ordained.  He  was 
nominated  to  the  bishopric  of  Moray  by  royal  letters 
patent  January  18,  1662,  and  consecrated  to  that 
see  on  May  7,  following  in  the  abbey  church  of 
Holyrood  Palace,  at  Edinburgh  (together  with  five 
other  bishops  elect),  by  the  Archbishop  of  St. 
Andrews,  primate  and  metropolitan,  assisted  by 
the  Archbishop  of  Glasgow,  and  the  Bishop  of 
Galloway.  The  form  used  was  that  in  the  Eng- 
lish Ordinal,  and  the  consecration  sermon  was 
B 'cached  by  the  Rev.  James  Gordon,  Parson  of 
rumblade  in  Aberdeenshire.  Bishop  McKen- 
zie's  signature  to  documents,  still  in  existence, 
was,  as  Bishop  of  Moray,  "Murdo.  Morauien.," 
and  also  "Murdo,  B.  of  Morray."  And  after  an 
episcopate  there  of  nearly  fifteen  years,  he  was 
translated  to  the  more  wealthy  bishopric  of  Ork- 
ney and  Zetland  on  Feb.  14,  1677,  which  he  held 
for  about  eleven  years,  dying  in  the  eighty-ninth 
year  of  his  age,  and  twenty-sixth  of  his  episco- 
pate. 

3.  Rev.  Colin  McKenzie,  minister  of  the  parish 
of  Fodderty,  in  Rosshire,  Scotland,  was  ordained, 
and  admitted  there  on  August  28,  1735  ;  and  died 
on  March  8,  1801,  in  the  ninety-fifth  year  of  his 
age,  and  sixty-sixth  of  his  ministry  there.  His 
widow,  Mary,  married  to  him  on  Feb.  23,  1754, 
survived  till  1828;  and  their  grandson  is  the  pre- 
sent proprietor  of  the  estate  of  Glack,  in  Aberdeen- 
shire.  A.  S.  A. 


The  following  instance  of  longevity  in  a  clergy- 
man, and  of  lengthened  tenure  of  a  living,  deserves 
a  permanent  record  in  your  columns :  — 

"At  the  Diocesan  Registry,  onTuesdaj',  the  Bishop  of 
Manchester  duly  admitted  and  instituted  the  Venerable 
Robert  Mosley  Master,  M.A.,  Archdeacon  of  Manchester, 
to  the  rectory  and  vicarage  of  the  parish  church  of  Cros- 
ton,  vacant  hy  the  death  of  the  archdeacon's  father,  the 
Rev.  Streynsham  Master,  M.A.,  who  died  January  19th, 
1864,  aged  99  years,  having  held  the  living  sixty-six 
years."  —  From  the  Manchester  Gnardian,  Thursday,  Feb. 

The  Rev.  Streynsham  Master,  M.A.,  was  Rec- 
tor of  Croston,  Tarleton,  and  Hesketh  with  Bec- 
consall.  He  was  instituted  to  the  rectory  of 
Croston  in  1798,  to  Tarleton  in  1834,  and  to 
Hesketh  with  Becconsall  in  1814.  The  annual 
value  of  these  rectories,  each  of  which  has  a  house 
of  residence,  is,  according  to  the  Clergy  List— 
Croston,  1050Z. ;  Tarleton,  800Z. ;  Hesketh  with 
Becconsall,  275Z.  Three  clergymen  have  been  in- 
stituted to  these  rectories  ;  and  it  is  deserving  of 
note  that  the  benefices  are  severally  styled  the 
rectory  and  vicarage  of  the  parish  church  of 
Croston,  the  rectory  and  vicarage  of  the  parish 
church  of  Tarleton,  and  the  rectory  and  vicarage 
of  Hesketh  with  Becconsall.  The  three  rectories 
are  in  the  reighbourhood  of  Preston. 

GULIELMUS. 


MISQUOTATIONS  BY  GREAT  AUTHORITIES. 

It  is  not  a  hundred  years  sinceLoRD  LYTTELTON, 
in  your  columns,  saw  just  occasion  to  remark  on 
the  lamentable  want  of  knowledge,  now  so  con- 
stantly displayed,  of  those  masterpieces  of  Eng- 
lish literature  which  forty  years  ago,  as  a  general 
rule,  were  thoroughly  familiar  to  every  educated 
gentleman  ;  and  Earl  Russell,  in  all  probability, 
struck  by  the  same  fact,  has  within  the  last  week 
been  haranguing  in  the  presence  of  the  Prince  of 
Wales  on  the  propriety  of  compelling  the  heads 
of  our  public  schools  to  make  their  pupils  as  inti- 
mate with  the  masterpieces  of  Shakspeare,  Mil- 
ton, and  Dryden,  as  they  are  presumed  to  be  with 
the  writings  of  Homer,  Virgil,  and  Horace.  I 
am  delighted  to  find  that  these  two  distinguished 
noblemen  have  spoken  out  on  the  subject,  for  the 
ignorance  which  has  been  observed  by  them 
among  the  younger  ranks  of  our  gentlemen  who 
live  at  home  at  ease,  is  now  beginning  to  be  per- 
ceptible in  our  rising  generation  of  public  literary 
instructors.  A  very  remarkable  instance  has  oc- 
curred quite  recently  in  the  pages  of  two  of  our 
most  respected  contemporaries,  and  singularly 
enough  with  regard  to  the  same  line  of  poetry  ! 
In  the  Edinburgh  Review  (p.  333,  April,  1864), 
and  in  The  Athenaeum  (May  21,  1864),  we  find 
quoted  — 

"  From  Marlborough's  eyes  the  streams  of  dotage  flow," 
the  former  calling  it  "Pope's  well-known  line," 
and  the  latter  "  Pope's  line  ! "    Did  either  of  these 
gentlemen  reflect  on  the  other  half  of  the  coup- 
let— 

"And  Swift  expires  a  driveller  and  a  show," 

and  think  it  possible  that,  even  if  Pope  had  sur- 
vived Swift,  which  he  did  not,  he  could  have 
made  such  an  allusion  to  the  sufferings  of  one  of 
his  glorious  group  of  friends  ?  Perhaps  the  critics 
mistook  the  word  "swift"  for  an  adjective. 

To  make  amends,  however,  to  Samuel  Johnson 
for  robbing  him  of  this  striking  couplet,  the  re- 
viewer gives  him  credit  for  a  precocity  in  prowess, 
such  as  Boswell  would  have  gloried  to  record. 
After  relating  the  anecdote  of  Dryden  asking 
Bolingbroke  to  protect  him  from  the  rudeness  of 
Jacob  Tonson,  he  adds :  — 

"  Johnson  must  have  had  a  peculiar  pleasure  in  telling 
the  story,  for  this  was  the  selfsame  Tonson  whom  he 
beat,  or  (as  some  said)  knocked  down  with  a  folio,  for  im- 
pertinence."— Edin.  Review,  Oct.  1863,  p.  407. 

Now,  considering  that  both  the  Jacob  Tonsons 
whom  Dryden  knew  were  dead  in  1725,  while 
Johnson  was  still  a  schoolboy  at  Stourbridge,  it 
is  clear  that  this  chastisement  must  have  been 
bestowed  on  the  occasion  of  his  mother  taking 
him  up  to  London  to  be  "  touched  "  for  the  evil ; 
so  that  the  celebrated  treading  on  the  duck  was 
not  his  first  act  of  violence.  We  may  presume 
that  the  quarrel  must  have  arisen  out  of  some 


3'*  S.  V.  JUNE  4,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


trade  transaction  between  old  Michael  Johnson 
and  the  Tonsons,  who  must  have  been  his  London 
agents!  We  are  told  that  Johnson  had  a  con- 
fused, but  solemn,  recollection  of  Queen  Anne  as 
a  lady  in  diamonds,  and  a  long  black  hood ;  but 
I  am  afraid  he  had  forgotten  all  about  the  appear- 
ance of  the  great  bookseller !  It  would  be  curious 
indeed  if  it  could  be  proved  that  Jacob  owed  the 
sad  blemish  of  a  second  left  leg  to  this  rencontre 
with  the  Infant  Samuel! 

In  another  periodical  I  read  some  time  ago  that 
Cave  was  the  bookseller  whom  he  knocked  down, 
and  that  the  feat  was  performed  with  a  "  volume 
of  his  own  folio  dictionary."  This  is  peculiarly 
hard  to  swallow,  not  only  because  Cave  was  dead 
before  the  dictionary  was  published,  and  there- 
fore before  the  weapon  was  forged  which  felled 
him,  but  also  because  Cave  must  have  been  par- 
ticularly difficult  to  knock  down,  as  Johnson  him- 
self tells  us  he  was  a  "  man  of  large  stature,  not 
oiily  tall  but  bulky,  and  of  remarkable  strength 
and  activity." 

But,  after  all,  it  is  Osborne,  the  real  Simon 
Pure,  the  genuine  knock-down- ee,  who  has  most 
cause  to  complain  of  these  mis-statements.  Ton- 
son  and  Cave  have  other  claims  which  secure  them 
from  being  forgotten,  but  Osborne's  sole  chance 
of  remembrance  is  the  solitary  fact  of  his  having 
been  felled  by  the  lexicographer  ! 

I  must  also  take  this  opportunity  of  defending 
Johnson  against  a  recent  leader  in  The  Times,  in 
which  he  was  stated  to  have  called  Goldsmith  an 
"  inspired  idiot."  The  expression  is  particularly 
un-Johnsonian,  and  would  have  come  with  pecu- 
liar bad  grace  from  the  author  of  "nullum  quod 
tetigit  non  ornavit."  It  is  unnecessary  to  say  that 
the  phrase,  or  something  identical  with  it,  occurs 
more  than  once  in  the  correspondence  of  Horace 
Walpole.  CIIITTELDROOG. 


JOHN  BUNYAN. 

Chancing  to  read  again  Macaulay's  biography, 
I  thought  I  would  turn  to  Neal's  History  of  the 
Puritans,  to  see  what  I  should  see.  Neal  himself 
says  next  to  nothing  about  the  Baptists ;  but  his 
editor,  Dr.  Toulmin,  gave  a  supplement  of  110  oc- 
tavo pages,  entirely  on  the  history  of  the  Baptists, 
in  which  Bunyan's  name  is  not  mentioned.  ,  We 
learn  that  Mr.  Knollys  was,  at  the  Restoration, 
imprisoned  for  eighteen  weeks  :  but  not  a  word  of 
Bunyan,  nicknamed  "Bishop"  of  his  church, 
who  was  shut  up  for  twelve  years.  When  it  is 
mentioned  that  it  "  seems  "  some  Baptists  were 
in  the  parliamentary  army,  the  instance  is  not 
given  which  makes  certain  of  one.  And  when, 
in  the  last  paragraph,  we  are  told  that  Mr.  Gos- 
nold  was  buried  in  Bunhill  Fields,  he  may,  for 
aught  we  learn,  have  been  the  last  Baptist  who 


455 


This  omission  is  of  course  in- 


was  carried  there, 
tentional. 

I  suspect  that  Granger  was  the  first,  or  among 
the  first,  who  dared  give  Bunyan  some  of  his  due 
in  print ;  which  Cowper  could  not  do,  for,  when  he 
gave  the  due,  he  dared  not  give  the  name.  Gran- 
ger speaks  of  the  Pilgrim's  Progress  as  "  one  of 
the  most  popular,  and,  I  may  add,  one  of  the  most 
ingenious  books  in  the  English  language."  "  As 
this  opinion  may  be  deemed  paradoxical,"  he  will 
venture  to  name  two  persons  of  eminence:  one, 
the  late  Mr.  Merrick,  of  Reading,  who  was  heard 
to  say  in  conversation  that  Bunyan's  invention 
was  like  that  of  Homer ;  the  other,  Dr.  Roberts, 
Fellow  of  Eton  College.  Honour  to  Merrick  and 
Roberts,  I  say;  and  to  Granger  also  and  like- 
wise. 

In  the  BiograpJiia  Britannica  (1748),  in  the 
page  less  three  lines  which  is  given  to  Bunyan,  he 
is  called  the  "  celebrated  author  of  the  Pilgrim's 
Progress  (a)."  And  (a)  tells  us  to  see  the  remark 
(F)  :  but  there  is  no  remark  (F)  ;  the  last  is  (E). 
This  I  take  to  mean  that  the  contributor  chose  to 
say  what  the  editor  dared  not  admit ;  and  that 
the  side-reference  was  forgotten.  There  is  no 
other  mention  of  the  Pilgrim's  Progress,  nor  of 
any  works  of  Bunyan,  except  as  collected  in  two 
folios,  the  contents  of  which  are  wholly  unspe- 
cified. 

In  Kippis's  edition,  two  pages  less  two  lines  are 
added;  Granger  is  quoted,  the  works  are  enu- 
merated, and  praise  is  given,  »".  e.  Granger's  praise. 
Nay,  more  :  "  he  was  certainly  a  man  of  genius, 
and  might  have  made  a  great  figure  in  the  literary 
world,  if  he  had  received  the  advantages  of  a 
liberal  education."  The  writer,  not  Kippis  himself, 
reversed  a  fable  :  a  dying  ass  threw  up  his  heels 
at  a  growing  lion.  Kippis  thinks  it  necessary  to 
qualify  a  little:  he  does  not  think,  as  Granger 
did,  that  Bunyan  could  have  risen  to  a  production 
worthy  of  Spenser.  He  agrees  with  Lord  Kaimes 
that  the  secret  of  Pilgrim's  Progress  and  JRobin- 
son  Crusoe,  great  favourites  of  the  vulgar,  is  the 
proper  mixture  of  the  dramatic  and  narrative. 
This,  he  says,  is  "  extremely  suitable  to  men  who 
have  not  learned  to  abstract  and  generalize  their 
ideas."  How  he  would  stare  if  he  saw  the  present 
state  of  things,  in  which  a  very  moderate  power 
of  dramatic  narrative  —  far  below  that  of  Scott, 
or  Dickens,  or  Thackeray  —  will  set  four-fifths  of 
the  abstractors  and  generalizers  reading  a  second- 
rate  novel. 

A  collection  of  mentions  of  Bunyan  in  the 
time  preceding  his  establishment  as  an  English 
classic  —  the  time  when,  as  Granger  says,  his 
works  were  printed  on  tobacco  paper  —  would 
be  an  excellent  contribution.  Neither  '*  Bun- 
yan "  nor  "  Pilgrim's  Progress "  occurs  in  the 
index  to  the  work  of  Isaac  Disraeli,  which  work, 
as  his  son  truly  observes,  has  had  much  to  do 


456 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  JUNE  4,  '64. 


with  filling  the  reading-room  of  the  British  Mu- 
seum. .The  omission  just  mentioned  is  precisely 
the  consequence  and  the  proof  of  the  paucity  of 
materials.  It  was  not  Disraeli's  affair  to  manufac- 
ture curiosities  out  of  what  he  found  in  original 
writers,  but  to  use  the  materials  which  had  col- 
lected about  them.  The  curiosities  of  literature, 
as  he  turned  them  out,  are  the  highest  forms  of 
the  Ana;  and  we  may  safely  conclude  that  in 
1790-1810  no  Bunyaniana  were  extant  in  the 
possible  sources  of  literary  history. 

A.  DE  MORGAN. 


AN  OLD  JOKE  REVIVED.— A  few  years  back  a 
tourist  contributed  a  paper  on  the  "Goldsmith 
Country"  to  the  Eclectic  Review.  That  paper 
ends  with  the  indignant  remonstrance  of  a  drunken 
horseman  who,  in  mounting,  fell  off  on  the  oppo- 
site side,  addressed  to  the  Virgin  that  she  had 
helped  him  only  halfway.  It  is  an  old  joke  given 
in  the  Walpoliana,  in  these  terms  :  — 

"  A  Venetian  trying  to  mount  a  horse,  prayed  to  Our 
Lady  to  assist  him.  He  then  made  a  vigorous  spring, 
and  fell  on  t'other  side.  Getting  up,  and  wiping^  his 
clothes,  he  said, '  Our  Lady  has  assisted  me  too  much.' "  — 
Vol,  ii.  p.  70. 

This  is  probably  from  some  much  older  book  of 
jests.  O.T.D. 

KINGS! — In  the  neighbourhood  of  Notting- 
ham, and  elsewhere  for  what  I  know,  the  exclama- 
tion "  Kings !  "  is  used  by  children  at  play  when 
a  sudden  cessation  is  wanted  apart  from  the  regu- 
lar intervals.  Unusual  confidence  and  honesty 
are  shown  by  both  sides  on  such  an  occasion.  (See 
"  Barley,"  3rd  S.  v.  358.)  S.  F.  CBESWELL. 

Durham  School. 

DIGBY  PEDIGREE. — A  mistake  occurs  in  Ni- 
chols's History  of  Leicestershire  which  ought  to  be 
corrected  in  your  pages.  In  the  Digby  Pedigree 
(vol.  iii.  p.  473)  it  is  stated  that  Katharine,  daughter 
of  Sir  Everard  Digby,  the  great-grandfather  of  the 
gunpowder  conspirator,  married  "Anthony  Meers, 
of  Kinton,  co.  Line."  The  lady  really  married 
Anthony  Meeres,  of  Kirton  in  Holland,  co.  Lincoln. 
This  is,  of  course,  a  mere  misprint,  but  such  errors 
often  lead  to  much  inconvenience.  The  Digby 
Pedigree  in  Lipscomb's  Hist,  of  Buckinghamshire, 
vol.  iv.  p.  145,  has  the  name  of  the  place  spelt 
correctly,  but  it  is  merely  called  Kirton,  co.  Lin- 
coln, leaving  it  a  matter  of  doubt  whether  Kirton 
in  Lindsey  or  Kirton  in  Holland  be  the  place 
meant.  There  is  another  singular  misprint  in 
Nichols's  Digby  Pedigree,  but  I  am  unable  to  set 
it  right.  We  are  there  told  that  Everard  Digby, 
of  Dry  stoke,  father  of  the  conspirator,  married 
"  Mary  d.  of  Francis  Nele,  of  Keythorpe,  b.  1513, 
liv.  1634."  It  cannot  really  be  a  fact  that  this 
lady  lived  to  be  121  years  of  age.  GRIME. 


LIRIPIPIUM.  —  The  word  tippet  in  the  English 
Canons  is  translated  liripipium,  explained  as  "  epo- 
mis"  by  Du  Cange,  and  by  Grindal  "collo  circum- 
ducta  stola  quaedam  abutroque  humeropendulaet 
adtalosferedimissa."  [.R<?mams,p.335.]  Liripipium 
occurs  in  Sparrow's  Collection,  1675,  p.  296 ;  and 
Peck's  Desid.  Curiosa,  lib.  xv.  p.  570 ;  and  Chur- 
ton's  Lives  of  the  Founders,  p.  327.  The  Consti- 
tutions of  Bourchier,  A.D.  1463,  forbids  any  non- 
graduate  to  wear  "caputium  cum  corneto  vel 
liripipio  brevi,  more  praelatorum  et  graduatorum, 
nee  utatur  liripipiis  aut  typpets  a  serico  vel  panno 
circa  collum,"  §  2.  Abp.  Stratford,  in  1343,  repro- 
bates "caputia  cum  tippetis  mirse  longitudinis,"§  2. 
The  anonymous  writer  of  the  EuLogium  quoted 
by  Camden  almost  uses  again  Grindal's  definition: 
"  liripipes,  or  tippets,  which  pass  round  the  neck, 
and,  hanging  down  before,  reach  to  the  heels."  This 
appears  to  designate  a  stole,  whilst  the  mediaeval 
primates  connect  it  with  a  hood ;  and  the  latter 
no  doubt  is  the  true  meaning  of  the  word,  for  it 
appears  in  the  Statutes  ofRatisbon,  1506.  And  the 
learned  Mayer  explains  it  to  be  "caputium  vel 
cleri  peplum  vulgo  Poff,"  worn  by  rural  deans  and 
canons  of  collegiate  churches  [iii.  46.] 

MACKENZIE  E.  C.  WALCOTT,  M.A.,  F.S.A. 

LARGE  CANNON.  —  This  is  no  new  subject  of 
interest;  for  Walpole,  writing  to  Sir  Horace 
Mann,  Oct.  14,  1746,  says :  — 

"  They  tell  you  that  the  French  had  four-and-tweuty- 
pounders,  and  that  they  must  beat  us  by  the  superiority  of 
their  cannon ;  so  that  to  me  it  is  grown  a  paradox,  to 
war  with  a  nation  who  have  a  mathematical  certainty  of 
beating  you ;  or  else  it  is  a  still  stranger  paradox,  why 
you  cannot  have  as  large  cannon  as  the  French." 

A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

A  RELIC  or  SHAKSPEARE.— In  the  year  1826,  a 
gentleman  residing  in  this  town  found  in  an  old 
cellaret,  the  key  of  which  had  been  lost  for  many 
years,  twenty-nine  bits  of  wood,  curiously  carved. 
On  being  carefully  united,  the  pieces  formed  a 
small  writing  case.  The  lid  is  carved  with  mul- 
berry leaves  and  fruit;  a  central  circular  medallion 
has  on  it  the  Shakspeare  crest,  and  the  sides  bear 
the  Shakspeare  arms.  On  the  edge  of  the  lid,  where 
the  finger  would  be  applied  to  -lift  it,  is  a  small 
boss,  carved  into  a  rude  resemblance  of  the  Strat- 
ford bust.  Can  this  be  one  of  the  boxes  manufac- 
tured by  the  ingenious  Stratford  watchmaker,  who 
purchased  the  greater  portion  of  the  mulberry 
tree  after  it  had  been  cut  down  by  the  Rev. 
Francis  Gastrell  ?  The  owner  of  this  box  pos- 
sesses also  a  tobacco- stopper,  which  has  on  it  a 
rude  carving  of  the  bust  of  Shakspeare. 

JOHN  PAVIN  PHILLIPS. 

Haverfordwest. 


3rd  S.  V.  JUNK  4, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


457 


BELLS  CALLED  SKELETS.  — In  the  account  of 
rebuilding  the  monastery  of  Croyland  after  the 
fire  in  1091,  Ingulf  tells  us  (p.  101)  that  a  small 
bell-tower  was  built  in  the  place  of  the  old  tower 
of  the  church,  in  which  two  skellets  were  placed  : — 
"  Pro  vetere  turri  Ecclesiae  humile  campanile, 
duas  skelettas,  quas  Fergus  aerarius  de  Sancto  Bot. 
nobis  contulerat,  imponentes." 

What  sort  of  bells  could  these  be  ?  Du  Cange, 
sub  voce  "  skella,"  says  this  was  a  small  bell,  the 
squilla  of  the  Italians.  Is  there  any  affinity  be- 
tween this  word  and  skillet,  the  name  of  a  small 
brass  pot  ?  *  Was  Fergus  the  cerarius  the  trea- 
surer, or  simply  a  worker  in  brass  ?  In  the  former 
case  St.  Bot.  would  refer  probably  to  a  church 
of  St.  Botolph  ;  in  the  latter,  to  the  town  of  Bos- 
ton, in  Lincolnshire,  the  Latinized  name  of  which 
was  u  Oppidum  Sancti  Botolphi."  Perhaps  some 
local  antiquary  can  assist  us.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

BUTTERY  FAMILY. — Information  concerning  the 
early  history  of  this  family  is  desired.  The  name 
occurs  in  Speed,  p.  1093  :  "The  rebels  in  Corn- 
wall, in  favour  of  the  revival  of  monasteries,  were 
fought  by  Sir  John  Russell,  Lord  Privy  Seal,  ap- 
pointed General  of  the  King's  army."  (Edward  VI.) 
"  Lord  Russell  fell  back  on  Honiton,  where  he  was 
joined  by  the  Lord  Grey  de  Wilton,  having  in 
pay  Spinola,  an  Italian  captain,  with  three  hun- 
dred shot."  (Speed,  p.  1097.)  "  Wright,  Peacocke, 
Weatherell,  and  Buttry  were  worthily  executed  at 
York,  21st  Sept.  following  (1549).  Holinshed's 
Chronicles" 

I  possess  a  copy  of  "  Auli  Persii  Flacci  Satyros 
Sex,  cum  posthumiis  commentariis  Joannis  Bond. 
Londini,  excudebat  Felix  Kingstonius  :  impensis 
Gulielmi  Aspley  et  Nathanielis  Buttery,  1614." 
Does  the  name  of  Buttery  occur  in  this  form  in 
any  other  book  ? 

In  the  House  of  Lords'  Journals'  Index,  p.  32 9a, 
Buttery  defendant  in  a  Writ  of  Error,  wherein 
Blencowe  is  plaintiff,  23rd  Charles  I.,  1647.  Mr. 
Justice  Bacon  brought  into  the  House  Writs  of 
Error,  videlicet,  No.  10,  Blencowe  v.  Buttery.  Can 
any  of  your  readers  give  me  a  reference  to  the 
record  of  this  suit  ? 

There  is  a  slab  in  the  chancel  of  St.  Ann's 
church,  Sutton-Bonington,  Leicestershire,  under 
the  east  window,  immediately  beneath  the  com- 
munion table,  with  this  inscription  :  "  Gulielmus 
Buttery  (natus,  1696),  obit  22  die  Septembris, 
1782,  aetatis  86."  A  monument,  also  in  the  chan- 
cel, of  a  lyiight  in  chain  armour  refers  to  the 
Buttery  family.  Wrhere  can  I  find  a  description 

[*  "  Sfoletta,  in  old  Latin  records,  a  little  bell  for  a 
church  steeple :  whence  our  vessels  called  Skillets,  usually 
made  of  bell  metal."— -Phillips's  New  World  of  Words. 
fol.  1706.— ED.] 


of  this  monument  ?  References  to  works  in  the 
British  Museum  library,  or  the  Public  Record 
Office,  communicated  through  your  columns  or 
personally,  will  oblige  ALBERT  BUTTERY. 

Court  of  Chancery. 

COLOSSUS  OF  RHODES.  —  Can  any  of  your  anti- 
quarian readers  refer  me  to  any  published  copy  of 
that  "  seventh  wonder  "  of  the  old  world,  «.  e.  the 
Colossus  of  Rhodes  ?  I  have  some  faint  impres- 
sion that  in  my  boyhood  I  saw  a  print  represent- 
ing it,  but  cannot  call  to  mind  in  what  work  it 
was.  C.  T.  CORNER. 

'CRANCELIN  :  ARMS  or  PRINCE  ALBERT. — Bou- 
ton  (Nouveau  Traite  de  Blason,  p.  191)  blazons  the 
coat  thus :  —  "  Les  dues  de  Saxe  portent ;  fasce 
d'or  et  de  sable  de  huit  pieces,  au  crancelin  de 
sinople  mis  en  bande  surtout."  Berry  calls  it  a 
bend  'embowed  treflee.  The  general  account  of 
the  bearing  is  that  it  is  a  crown  of  rue.  Can  any 
reader  refer  me  to  a  correct  definition  of  the  word 
crancelin,  and  also  to  the  legend  or  tradition  of  the 
crown  of  rue  ?  A.  A. 

DE  BURGH'S  "  HIBERNIA  DOMINICANA."— "  A 

most  interesting  copy  [of  the  very  rare  Supple- 
ment to  this  work],  interleaved  with  numerous 
manuscript  additions  by  [the  author]  the  [Roman 
Catholic]  Bishop  of  Ossory,"  was  sold  a  short  time 
since  by  Messrs.  Sotheby,  Wilkinson,  and  Hodge. 
Can  you  tell  me  by  whom  it  was  purchased,  and  at 
what  price?  I  have  heard,  on  good  authority, 
that  a  copy  was  lately  sold  by  auction  in  an  Irish 
provincial  town  to  one  who  knew  its  worth,  for  the 
sum  of  one  penny !  ABHBA. 

THE  GOLDEN  CALF. — Any  information  as  to  the 
author,  or  other  particulars,  of  the  following  book 
will  be  very  acceptable  :  — 

"The  Golden  Calf,  the  Idol  of  Worship.  Being  an 
Enquiry  Physico-Critico-Patheologico- Moral  into  the  Na- 
ture and  Efficacy  of  Gold :  Shewing  the  wonderful  power 
it  has  over,  and' the  prodigious  changes  it  causes,  in  the 
Minds  of  Men.  With  an  Account  of  the  Wonders  of  the 
Psychoptic  Looking-  Glass,  Lately  Invented  by  the  Au- 
thor, Joakim  Philander,  M.A.  Consuluit  melius  qui  prce- 
cipit  ut  facias  rem  ;  Si  possis  recte,  verum  quocunque  modo 
rem.  Hor.  London :  Printed  for  M.  Cooper,  at  the  Globe 
in  Paternoster  Row.  MDCCXLIV."  8vo,  pp.  vii.  and  243. 

The  running  title  is  "  Vitulus  Aureus:  or,  the 
Golden  Calf." 

It  is  undoubtedly  a  very  uncommon  book,  as  I 
find  no  reference  to  it  in  the  catalogues  of  twenty- 
two  of  the  largest  private  collections,  nor  in  any 
of  the  large  bookseller's  catalogues,  nor  in  any 
bibliographical  work  with  which  I  am  acquainted, 
nor  in  the  British  Museum,  or  Bodleian,  or  other 
public  library. 

A  copy  was  purchased  by  Mr.  H.  G.  Bohn  in 
1847  at  Mr.  Walter  Wilson's  sale,  and  one  was 
sold  in  Jolly's  collection  in  May,  1853.  It  is  not 
improbable  that  mine  is  the  same  copy.  I  have 
been  unable  to  trace  any  other.  W.  LEE. 


458 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3**  S.  V.  JUNE  4,  '64. 


GODFREY  OP  BOUILLON'S  TREE.  —  When  I  was 
at  Constantinople,  I  visited  the  picturesque  village 
and  environs  of  Buyukdere,  on  the  north  shore 
of  the  Bosphorus.  In  a  meadow  west  of  the 
village  my  dragoman  pointed  out  an  enormous 
plane  tree,  under  which  he  stated  Godfrey  of 
Bouillon  pitched  his  pavilion  when  the  army  of 
the  Crusaders  was  encamped  in  that  neighbour- 
hood on  their  way  to  Palestine,  in  1097.  How 
much  truth  is  there  in  this  tradition  ?  H.  C. 

J.  G.  GRANT,  author  of  Madonna  Pia,  and 
other  poems,  1848.  Can  any  of  your  readers  give 
me  the  address  of  this  author  ?  IOTA. 

GEORGE  HAMILTON  :  CAPT.  EDWARDS.— George 
Hamilton,  surgeon  of  the  "  Pandora,"  published— 

"  A  Voyage  round  the  World,  performed  by  Capt. 
Edwards  in  1790,  1,  and  2,  with  the  Discoveries  made  in 
the  South  Sea,  and  the  many  distresses  experienced  by 
the  Crew,  from  Shipwreck  and  Famine  in  a  Voyage  of 
eleven  hundred  Miles  in  opan  Boats,  between  Endeavour 
Straits  and  the  Island  of  Timor."  Berwick,  8vo,  1793. 
With  portrait." 

Lowndes  (ed.  Bohn,  987)  mentions  the  work, 
but  erroneously  states  that  the  voyage  was  1790-9. 

I  cannot  find  the  portrait  noticed  either  in 
Bromley's  or  Evans's  Catalogue.  I  am  not  sure 
whether  the  portrait  was  that  of  George  Hamilton 
or  Capt.  Edwards.  Information  about  either  of 
them  is  desired.  S.  Y.  R. 

MOSES 'HARRIS,  engraver,  and  author  of  The 
Aurelian  and  other  works  on  natural  history,  is 
briefly  mentioned  in  Bryan's  Dictionary  of  Painters 
and  Engravers,  but  the  date  of  his  death  is  not 
there  given.  I  hope  it  may  be  supplied  by  some 
of  your  correspondents.  He  was  probably  living 
in  1782.  See  as  to  him,  Watt's  Bill.  Brit.; 
Lowndes's  Bibl.  Man.  ed.  Bohn,  1003;  Retro- 
spective Review,  2nd  Ser.  i.  230 ;  Bromley's  Cat. 
of  Engraved  Portraits,  388  ;  and  Nichols's  Lit. 
Anecd.  viii.  462.  S.  Y.  R. 

THE  MISS'HORNECKS. — These  ladies  were  pa- 
trons of  Goldsmith.  One  of  them  became,  I 
believe,  Mrs.  Bunbury.  There  is  this  year  a  very 
pretty  painting  in  the  Exhibition  at  Edinburgh, 
of  Oliver  reading,  in  his  plum- coloured  coat,  to 
these  ladies.  Can  you  give  me,  in  the  first  place,  any 
information  as  to  the  ancestry  of  these  beauties  ? 
And  secondly,  whether  the  fine  mezzotint  of  "  Miss 
Horneck  "  is  the  unmarried  or  married  lady  ? 

J.  M. 

Loo. — Who  was  the  inventor  of  that  cosmopo- 
litan game  at  cards,  Loo  ?  When  was  it  first  in- 
troduced into  England?  Are  there  any  older 
authorities  than  Pope  and  Addison  who  make 
mention  of  it  ?  W.  B.  MAcCABE. 

Dinan,  Cotes  du  Nord,  France. 

MARK  OF  THOR'S  HAMMER. — In  that  excellent 
work,  the  History  of  Christian  Names,  vol.  ii.  p. 
203,  a  monogram  is  given  exactly  like  the  curious 


heraldic  bearing  called  the  "  fylfot "  or  "  gamma- 
dion,"  and  it  is  called  "  the  mark  of  Thor's  ham- 
mer." What  is  the  authority  for  this  assertion, 
and  what  is  the  derivation  of  the  word  "  fylfot  ?  " 
The  other  appellation  is  no  doubt  derived  from 
the  circumstance  that  the  bearing  is  exactly  as  if 
composed  of  four  capital  Greek  letters,  gammas, 
conjoined  by  the  foot  in  form  of  a  cross. 

A.  A. 
Poets'  Corner. 

NOMINATION  OP  BISHOPS. — In  some  of  the  papers 
of  the  day  we  are  informed  of  Lord  Palmerston 
having  nominated  thirteen  bishops,  namely,  Can- 
terbury, York,  London,  Durham,  Carlisle,  Ely, 
Gloucester,  and  Bristol,  Norwich,  Peterborough, 
Ripon,  Rochester,  and  Worcester.  Such  a  cir- 
cumstance, or  anything  like  it,  we  are  told,  of  one 
minister  nominating  nearly  half  the  English  epi- 
scopate, was  never  before  known  in  the  Church  of 
England.  I  have  referred  to  Coxe's  Life  of  Wai- 
pole,  and  to  Tomline's  and  Gifford's  lives  of  Mr. 
Pitt ;  but  in  none  of  them  do  I  find  any  notice  of 
the  nomination  of  bishops.  Both  Walpole  and 
Pitt  were  each,  I  think,  longer  in  office  than  Lord 
Palmerston.  May  I  ask  any  of  your  readers  who 
have  access  to  books  and  official  documents,  which 
give  information  of  episcopal  nominations,  to  in- 
form me  which  of  the  above-named  ministers  no- 
minated the  greatest  number  of  English  bishops  ? 

ERA.  MEWBURN. 

Larchfield,  Darlington. 

OLD  PRINTS. —  Some  years  since,  at  the  sale  of 
the  curious  and  valuable  prints  which  had  be- 
longed to  the  late  Charles  Kirkpatrick  Sharpe, 
Esq.,  various  lots  fell  into  my  hands  ;  and  amongst 
these  the  following,  as  to  which  I  should  be 
obliged  by  obtaining  information. 

1.  "The  Plymouth  Beauty."     A  fine  mezzo- 
tinto  of  a  beautiful  female,  in  a  sitting  posture, 
leaning  on  her  hand  ;  her  elbow  resting  on  a  book. 
There  is  no  engraver's  name. 

2.  "  Mrs.  Sarah  Porter,  Queen  of  the  Touters 
at  Tunbridge  WTells."     A  very  fine  mezzotinto. 
No   engraver's  name ;   but  it  has   the  name   of 
"Vander  Smisson "  as  the  painter.     What  is  a 
"  touter,"  and  what  is  known  of  the  lady  ? 

3.  An  unknown  portrait.     Mezzotinto,  small 
oval  kit-kat,  with  these  lines  :  — 

"  Illuc  ^Etatis  qui  sit,  non  invenies  alterum 
Lepidiorem  ad  omnes  res,  nee  qui  Amicus 
Amico  sit  majus." — Plautus. 

There  is  neither  painter  nor  engraver's  name 
mentioned. 

4.  Mezzotinto  of  a  man  sitting  in  »  chair,  with 
his  hands  clasped  together,  resting  on  his  knees. 
A  table,  with  two  folio  volumes  on  it,  beside  him. 
A  three-quarter  face  :  — 

"  H.  Hussing,  Pinxit.  J.  Faber,  Fecit.  Sold  by  Faber, 
at  yc  Golden  Fleece,  Bloomsbury  Square :  — 


3*4  S.  V.  JUNE  4,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


459 


"  When  philosophic  thoughts  engage  the  mind, 
A  serious  brow  and  looks  intent  we  find : 
Not  that  these  looks  the  least  of  doubt  declare, 
Whilst  certain  truths  have  banished  all  that  care ; 
Thus  Plato,  Socrates,  serenely  sate, 
And  Cato,  calm,  defy'd  injurious  fate." 
5.  "  James  Sheppard,  that  was  executed  March 
ye  i7th?  17^  at  Tyburn,  in  ye  18  year  of  his  age." 
This  is  a  mezzotinto.     Sheppard  has  his  hand  on 
a  letter,  thus  addressed  :    "  For  Mr.  Leak,  these." 
Was  there  any  special  reason  for  the  execution 
of  this  lad,  beyond  his  attachment  to  the  exiled 
family  ?     Is  there  any  other  print  of  this  unfor- 
tunate boy  ?  J.  M. 

PEDIGREE.  —  Would  anyone  tell  me  what  evi- 
dence is  accepted  as  proof  in  a  pedigree  ? 

K.  R.  C. 

SEAFORTH  ANDREAY. — I  came  across  an  old  MS. 
Bond  of  Friendship  between  the  Lords  Seaforth 
and  Reay,  dated,  as  I  far  as  I  can  recollect,  1672, 
and  witnessed  by  a  number  of  the  Frasers.  Is 
this  bond,  or  the  circumstances  under  which  it 
originated,  mentioned  in  print  anywhere  ? 

SIGMA-THETA. 

SHAKSPEARIANA.  — 

"  1501.  Hugh  Sattnders,  or  Shakspeere,  was  Principal 
ofStAlban's^Hall. 

« 1666.  John  Shakespeare,  of  St.  Mary's  Hall,  took  the 
degree  of  B. A." 

Has  the  relationship  of  either  of  the  above  to 
the  immortal  bard  been  ascertained?  They  occur 
in  the  Catalogue  of  Oxford  Graduates  (Clarendon 
Press,  1851).  H.  M.  L. . 

SUCCESSION  THROUGH  THE  MOTHER.  —  Why  is 
succession  through  the  mother,  even  in  personalty, 
denied  by  the  Scotch  law  ?  The  greatest  stickler 
for  feudalism  or  salicism  surely  cannot  seriously 
advocate  the  exclusion  of  relatives  by  the  mother 
from  participating  in  books,  household,  or  other 
personal  property.  •  I  have  heard  of  two  cases 
where,  through  intestacy,  they  have  been  shut 
out.  One  was  a  particularly  hard  case,  for  the 
deceased  had  made  a  twill  through  a  lawyer,  but 
its  execution  was  incomplete,  and  some  of  the 
mother's  relatives,  who  were  to  have  benefited, 
were  excluded,  the  nearest  relative  by  the  father's 
side  being  declared  the  heir,  though  a  nearer  by 
the  mother  existed.  Another  hardship,  and  one 
that  casts  a  slur  upon  the  mother's  connections,  is, 
that  when  no  relatives  by  the  father  are  living, 
the  property  goes  to  the  Crown ;  no  doubt  a  very 
good  administrator,  and  certainly  a  very  just  one, 
for  a  gift  of  it,  minus  a  fee,  is,  I  believe,  generally 
granted  to  the  nearest  relative,  though  shut  out 
by  law.  FIAT  JUSTITIA. 

KATHERINE  SWINTON,  daughter  of  Sir.  Alex. 
Swinton,  married  before  1680,  James  Smithe, 
merchant  in  Edinburgh;  and  (2ndly),  Francis 
Hepburn  of  Brinston.  Was  there  any  issue  of 
the  first  marriage  ?  SIGMA-THETA. 


JAMES  THOMSON.  —  Can  you  give  me  any  ac- 
count of  this  dramatist  ?  He  was  author  of  A 
Squeeze  to  the  Coronation,  a  Farce,  acted  July, 
1821,  at  the  English  Opera  House;  An  Uncle  too 
Many ;  and,  I  believe,  one  or  two  other  pieces. 

IOTA. 

VALENCIENNES.  —  I  am  anxious  to  know  in 
whose  possession  is  the  painting  of  the  Siege  of 
Valenciennes,  from  which  was  taken  the  large 
engraving  by  Bromley. 

HARRY  CONGREVE,  Lieut.-Col. 

THE  REV.  THOMAS  WILKINSON,  rector  of 
Great  Houghton,  in  Northamptonshire,  is  said  to 
have  published  — 

1.  "Harmonica  Apostolica;  or,  the  Mutual  Agreement 
of  St.  Paul  and  St.  James.    Translated  from  the  Latin 
of  Bishop  Bull.    Lond.  8vo,  1801. 

2.  "  Milner's  Ecclesiastical  History  reviewed,  and  the 
Origin  of  Calvinism  considered.    A  Discourse  preached 
at   the  Visitation  of  the  Archdeacon  of  Northampton. 
30  May,  1805.    8vo,  1805. 

3.  "  Observations   on    the  Form  of  Hot-Houses,    in 
Trans.  Hort.  Soc.  i.  161  (1815)." 

Information  respecting  him  will  oblige 

S.  Y.  R. 

WT ATT.— Can  any  of  the  readers  of  "N.  &  Q." 
give  me  any  information  as  to  the  family  or  arms 
of  Wyatt  of  Macclesfield,  of  whom  Esther  Wyatt, 
born  1712,  married  Samuel  Clowes  of  Langley, 
near  Macclesfield  ;  and  her  sister  Elizabeth  Wyatt 
married  a  Mr.  Thorley  ?  C.  H. 


fottl) 

"  THE  SCHOOL  FOR  SCANDAL." — The  paternity 
of  this  comedy  with  Sheridan  has  from  various 
circumstances  been  considered  very  doubtful,  as 
none  but  what  were  regarded  as  surreptitious 
copies  of  it,  chiefly  printed  in  Dublin,  could  be 
procured.  Egerton,  in  the  Theatrical  Remem- 
brancer, Lond.  1788,  p.  239,  attributes  it  to 
Sheridan,  and  states  it  to  have  been  acted  at 
Drury  Lane,  1777  :  and  yet  classes  it  with  anony- 
mous plays  in  1778,  not  acted  at  p.  253  :  and 
again  at  p.  266  it  is  stigmatized  as  spurious, 
though  stated  to  have  been  "  acted  by  his  ma- 
jesty's servants  in  1784."  Mr.  Rogers,  in  his 
Recollections,  1859,  p.  30,  speaks  of  Mrs.  Sheridan, 
mother  of  Richard  Brinsley  Sheridan,  as  author  of 
Sidney  Biddulph,  the  best  novel  of  our  age,  and 
adds,  Sheridan  "  denied  having  read  it,  though 
the  plot  of  his  School  for  Scandal  was  borrowed 
from  it."  I  beg  to  know  where  I  may  find  an 
authentic  history  of  this  comedy,  as  there  are  so 
many  irreconcilable  accounts  of  it.  5.  2. 

[Moore,  in  his  Life  of  R.  B.  Sheridan,  edit.  1825,  4to, 
has  satisfactorily  settled  this  question  in  Chap.  V.  pp.  154 
—192.  He  says,  "  In  a  late  work,  professing  to  be  the 
Memoirs  of  Mr.  Sheridan,  there  are  some  wise  doubts 


460 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


S.  V.  JUNE  4,  '64. 


expressed  as  to  his  being  really  the  author  of  The  School 
for  Scandal,  to  which,  except  for  the  purpose  of  exposing 
absurdity,  I  should  not  have  thought  it  worth  while  to 
allude,  'it  is  an  old  trick  of  Detraction  —  and  one  of 
which  it  never  tires  —  to  father  the  works  of  eminent 
writers  upon  others ;  or,  at  least,  while  it  kindly  leaves 
an  author  the  credit  of  his  worst  performances,  to  find 
some  one  in  the  background  to  ease  him  of  the  fame  of 
his  best.  When  this  sort  of  charge  is  brought  against  a 
cotemporary,  the  motive  is  intelligible;  but,  such  an 
abstract  pleasure  have  some  persons  in  merely  unsettling 
the  crowns  of  Fame,  that  a  worthy  German  has  written 
an  elaborate  book  to  prove  that  the  Iliad  was  written, 
not  by  that  particular  Homer  the  world  supposes,  but  by 
some  other  Homer !  Indeed,  if  mankind  were  to  be  in- 
fluenced by  those  Qui  tarn  critics,  who  have,  from  time 
to  time,  in  the  course  of  the  history  of  literature,  ex- 
hibited informations  of  plagiarism  against  great  authors, 
the  property  of  fame  would  pass  from  its  present  holders 
into  the  hands  of  persons  with  whom  the  world  is  but 
little  acquainted.  Aristotle  must  refund  to  one  Ocellus 
Lucanus  — Virgil  must  make  a  cessio  bworum  in  favour 
of  Pisander— the  Metamorphoses  of  Ovid  must  be  credited 
to  the  account  of  Parthenius  of  Nicsea,  and  (to  come  to  a 
modern  instance)  Mr.  Sheridan  must,  according  to  his 
biographer,  Dr.  Watkins,  surrender  the  glory  of  having 
written  The  School  for  Scandal  to  a  certain  anonymous 
young  lady,  who  died  of  a  consumption  in  Thames 
Street!"  Moore  has  filled  nearly  thirty  pages  with 
extracts  from  Sheridan's  papers,  consisting  of  rough 
sketches  of  the  plot  and  dialogue,  from  which  it  appears 
that  the  play  "  was  the  slow  result  of  many  and  doubtful 
experiments,  and  that  it  arrived  at  length  step  by  step 
at  perfection."] 

JOHN,  OR  JN°. — I  should  feel  much  obliged  if 
any  of  your  readers  could  inform  me  of  the  origin 
of  the  name  John  being  abbreviated  thus,  Jn°,  and 
not  Jon,  as  would  be  expected.  A.  E.  MURRAY. 

[The  question  is,  how  comes  it  that  the  o  should  fol- 
low the  »,  and  not  precede  it?  The  following  explana- 
tion has  been  offered.  In  mediaeval  times  the  name  John 
Johannes)  received  various  modifications ;  one  was  Jan, 
which  prevailed  to  a  certain  extent  in  the  south  of  Eu- 
rope, as  well  as  in  the  north.  Moreover,  Jan  became 
occasional!}'  Jano  (Bluteau,  Supplement  to  his  Vocabulary, 
ii.  33.)  Dropping  the  a,  and  making  the  o  superior,  Jano 
becomes  Jn°.  A  similar  suspension  of  the  final  o  occurs 
in  old  manuscripts  perpetually ;  as  in  i°  for  illo,  pp°  for 
populo,  &c. 

Perhaps,  however,  we  may  find  a  better  explanation, 
without  passing  beyond  the  seas.  Our  forefathers  wrote 
Jhon  oftener  than  John ;  and  the  h  in  former  days  fre- 
quently assumed  the  form  of  n.  Jhon,  contracted  into 
Jho.  or  Jh°,  and  writing  the  h  as  n,  becomes  Jno,  or 
Jn° ;  and  this  is  considered  the  more  correct  explanation.] 

BARONS  OF  HENRY  ITI. :  GENTRY  OF  ESSEX. 
Can  you  give  me  information  on  the  following 


heads?  — 1.  Is  there  any  and  what  record  of  the 
Barons  of  Henry  III.'s  reign,  and  their  descend- 
ants? 

2.  Is  there  any  record  or  history  of  the  gentry 
of  Essex  of  the  seventeenth  century?  A.  B.  C. 

1.  A  list  of  the  Barons  of  the  reign  of  Henry  III.  will 
be  found  in  Beatson's  Political  Index.     For  particulars 
of  each  family  our  correspondent  will  have  to  consult  the 
different  works  on  Heraldic  and  Genealogical  History,  by 
Banks,  Edmondson,  Collins,  Lodge,  Playfair,  Burke,  &c. 

2.  For  notices  of  the  gentry  of  Essex  during  the  seven- 
teenth century,  consult  the  following  historians  of  that 
county:    Salmon,   Morant,   Mailman,   Tindal,   Ogborne, 
Wright,  and  Suckling.    Also,  Blaeuw's  fine  old  Map  of 
Essex,  with  the  coats  of  arms  of  the  principal  nobility 
emblazoned  in  colours,  about  1610  ;  and  a  curious  list  of 
Essex  Royalists  in  A  True  Relation,  or   Catalogue  of  the 
Gentry  that  are  Malignants,  with  the  exact  value  of  each 
man's  Estate,  both  Reall  and  Personall.   4to,  1643.] 

•  SIBBER  :  SIBBER  SAUCES. — "W  hat  is  the  meaning 
of  the  word  sibber  ?  What  were  sibber  sauces  f 
Lord  Chief  Justice  Coke,  in  summing  up  the 
evidence  given  on  the  trial  of  Weston,  one  of  the 
parties  concerned  with  the  notorious  Mrs.  Turner, 
of  starchmaking  celebrity,  in  the  murder  of  Sir 
Thomas  Overbury,  thus  instructed  the  jury  : — 

"  Albeit  the  poisoning  in  the  indictment  is  said  to  be 
with  rosalger,  white  arsenide,  and  mercury  sublimate,  yet 
the  jury  Avere  not  to  expect  precise  proof  in  that  point, 
showing  how  impossible  it  were  to  convict  a  poisoner, 
who  useth  not  to  take  any  witnesses  to  the  composing  of 
his  sibber  sauces ;  wherefore  he  declared  the  law  in.  the 
like  case  as  if  a  man  be  indicted  for  murdering  a  man, 
and  it  fall  out  upon  evidence  to  be  done  with  a  sword,  or 
with  a  rapier,  or  with  neither,  but  with  a  staff,  in  that 
case  the  instrument  skilleth  not,  so  that  the  jury  find  the 
murder."— Cobbett's  State  Trials,  vol.  ii.  p.  924. 

I  have  looked  for  the  word  sibber  in  Johnson, 
Walker,  Crabbe,  Ainsworth,  and  other  diction- 
aries for  the  explanation,  but  to  no  purpose. 
Was  sibber  the  name  of  some  fashionable  luxury  ? 
or  sibber  sauce  the  compound  prepared  by  a  Soyer 
of  the  seventeenth  century,  whose  fame  has  passed 
away  ?  T.  G. 

[In  Scottish  and  in  old  English,  sib,  sibb,  or  sibbe,  sig- 
nifies related,  or  near  of  kin.  We  find  also  the  compara- 
tive sibber.  It  would  seem,  however,  that  in  speaking 
ironically  of  certain  poisons  as  "  sibber  sauces,"  the  learned 
lord  meant  "  quieting  sauces,"  t.  e.  sauces  that  quiet  the 
partaker,  or  settle  him.  Sax.  sibrum,  pacific,  quieting; 
sibbian,  to  pacify.] 

INDIAN  ARMY. — I  have  an  Alphabetical  List  of 
the  Officers  of  the  Madras  Army  from  1760  to 
1834,  by  Messrs.  Dodwell  and  Miles  of  Cornhill. 
Have  any  similar  lists  been  published  of  the  offi- 
cers of  the  Bengal  and  Bombay  Presidencies  ? 

H.  LOFTUS  TOTTENHAM. 

[Lists  of  the  Officers  of  the  Bengal  and  Bombay  Pre- 
sidencies were  also  published  by  Messrs.  Dodwell  &  Miles., 


S.  V.  JUNE  4,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


461 


and  are  usually  bound  together  with  that  of  Madras,  -with 
a  separate  title-page,  Alphabetical  List  of  the  Officers  of 
the  Indian  Army,  1838.  In.  the  following  year  also  ap- 
peared An  Alphabetical  List  of  the  Hon.  East  India  Com- 
pany's Madras  Civil  Servants  from  1780  to  1839,  also  one 
of  the  Bengal  Civil  Servants,  from  1780  to  1838,  and 
another  of  the  Medical  Officers  of  the  Indian  Army,  from 
1764  to  1838.] 

CHARLEMAGNE'S  TOMB.  —  Where  can  I  find  a 
good  account  of  the  opening  of  Charles  the 
Great's  tomb,  and  the  relic  found  on  his  neck  (a 
piece  of  the  true  cross  in  an  emerald)  given  by 
the  Burghers  of  Aix  to  Napoleon,  and  by  him  to 
the  Duchess  de  Saint  Leu  ?  JOHN  DAVIDSON. 

[We  have  not  been  able  to  find  any  good  account  of 
the  opening  of  the  tomb  of  Charles  the  Great  by  Otto  III. 
in  997 ;  but  some  curious  particulars  of  the  tomb  itself 
are  given  in  the  Life  of  Charlemagne  printed  by  Petrus 
Pithoeus  in  his  Annalium  et  Histories  Francorum,  ab  anno 
708  ad  990,  duodecim  scriptores  coatanei;  inserta  sunt  alia 
vetera,8vo,  Francofurti,  1594,  pp.  281,  282,  &c.,  and  in 
the  Chronicon  Novaliciense,  by  G.  H.  Pertz,  Hannov. 
8vo,  1846,  p.  55.  Consult  also  the  Archacologia,  iii.  389 ; 
"  N.  &  Q."  !•*  S.  i.  140,  187.  In  the  Illustrated  London 
News  of  March  8,  1845,  is  an  engraving  of  Charlemagne's 
supposed  talisman  of  fine  gold  set  with  gems,  in  the  centre 
of  which  are  two  rough  sapphires,  and  a  portion  of  the 
Holy  Cross.] 

A  FOOT  CLOTH  NAG.  —  In  Sir  Simonds  Dewes' 
Journal  of  the  Parliament  of  23  Elizabeth,  A.D. 
1580,  I  find  the  following  :  — 

"The  House  being  moved,  did  grant  that  the  Serjeant 
who  was  to  go  before  the  Speaker,  being  weak  and  some- 
what pained  in  his  limbs,  might  ride  upon  a  foot  cloth 
nag" 

What  is  meant  by  this  expression?  M.  (1.) 

[A  foot-cloth  nag  is  an  animal  ornamented  with  a 
cloth  protecting  the  feet,  i.  e.  housings  of  cloth  hung 
down  on  each  side  of  the  horse,  and  frequently  exhibited 
on  state  occasions.  These  animals  were  probably  trained 
on  purpose  for  this  service,  for  a  spirited  horse  would  not 
bear  such  an  encumbrance. 

"  Nor  shall  I  need  to  try, 

Whether  my  well-grass'd,  tumbling  foot-cloth  nag, 
Be  able  to  outrun  a  well-breath'd  catchpole." 

Ram  Alley,  Old  Plays,  v.  473. 
Consult  Nares's  Glossary."} 

EIUDON  STONE,  LLANDEILO  FAWR. — Can  any 
translation  be  given  of  the  following,  from  a 
beautifully  sculptured  stone  at  Golden  Grove, 
near  Llandeilo,  S.  Wales?  I  have  copied  it  as 
accurately  as  I  can  :  — 

"  EIVDON." 

G.  H. 

[A  notice  of  this  stone  will  be  found  in  the  Arclueologia 
Cambrensis,  Third  Series,  iii.  318.  The  writer  concludes 
his  account  of  it  by  expressing  a  conjecture  "  that,  per- 
haps, the  name  KIVDOI^  may  prove  to  be  a  contracted 


form  of  two  words,  sci  and  VDON  ;  but  we  wait  for  Mr. 
Westwood's  long  expected  account  of  this  monument. 
This  was  written  in  1857  ;  but  we  have  not  met  with  that 
gentleman's  notice  of  it.] 


THE  PROTOTYPE  OF  COLLINS'S  «  TO-MORROW." 

(3rd  S.  iv.  445  ;  v.  17,  204.) 
The  established  success  of  "  N.  &  Q."  may  be 
considered  a  practical  protest  against  an  over- 
confidence  in  memory  —  the  noblest  quality,  but 
not  less  the  most  treacherous  deceiver  of  the 
human  mind.  When  penning  a  short  notice  of 
Collins  for  this  Journal  a  few  months  ago,  I  had 
a  strong  recollection  of  having  somewhere  seen 
an  earlier  and  ruder  song,  the  original,  as  I  con- 
sidered it,  of  To-morrow  ;  but,  as  I  could  not 
then  lay  my  hands  upon  it,  and  as  I  dared  not 
trust  even  to  a  strong  recollection,  I  felt  com- 
pelled to  pass  the  subject  over,  without  further 
notice.  Little  thinking,  or  rather  not  remem- 
bering, that  on  a  shelf,  almost  within  reach  of  my 
hand,  there  was  a  poem  entitled  the  Wish,  not 
only  in  the  original  English  of  its  author,  Dr. 
Walter  Pope,  but  also  in  the  choice  Latin  of  the 
amiable  scholar  Vincent  Bourne.  The  first  part 
of  this  poem,  which  was  originally  published  as  a 
song  of  five  verses,  entitled  The  Old  Mans  Wish, 
is  what  I  take  to  be  the  original  of  To-morrow; 
and  as  it  may  interest  many  to  see  the  rude  and 
now  rather  rare  outline  that  the  mind  of  genius 
moulded  into  so  graceful  and  pleasing  a  form,  I 
here  transcribe  it  for  the  benefit  of  the  reader  :  — 

THE  OLD  MAN'S  WISH. 
"  If  I  live  to  grow  old,  as  I  find  I  go  down, 
Let  this  be  my  fate  in  a  country  town  ; 
May  I  have  a  warm  house,  with  a  stone  at  my  gate, 
And  a  cleanly  young  girl  to  rub  my  bald  pate. 

May  I  govern  my  passions  with  an  absolute  sway, 
Grow  wiser  and  better  as  my  strength  wears  away, 
Without  gout  or  stone,  by  a  gentle  decay. 
"  In  a  country  town  by  a  murmuring  brook, 
With  the  ocean  at  distance,  on  which  I  may  look, 
With  a  spacious  plain,  without  hedge  or  stile, 
And  an  easy  pad  nag  to  ride  out  a  mile. 

May  I  govern,  &c. 

"  With  Horace  and  Plutarch,  and  one  or  two  more 
Of  the  best  wits  that  lived  in  the  ages  before  ; 
With  a  dish  of  roast  mutton,  not  ven'son  nor  teal, 
And  clean  though  coarse  linen  at  every  meal. 

May  I  govern,  &c. 

"  With  a  pudding  on  Sunday,  and  stout  humming  liquor, 
And  remnants  of  Latin  to  puzzfe  the  vicar; 
With  a  hidden  reserve  of  Burgundy  wine, 
To  drink  the  king's  health  as  oft  as  I  dine. 

May  I  govern,  &c. 
"  When  the  days  they  grow  short,  and  it  freezes  and 

snows, 

Let  me  have  a  coal  fire  as  high  as  my  nose  ; 
A  fire  when  once  stirred  up  with  a  prong, 
Will  keep  the  room  temperate  all  the  night  long. 
May  I  govern,  &c. 


462 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  JUNE  4,  '64. 


"  With  a  courage  undaunted,  may  I  face  my  last  day, 
And  when  I  am  dead,  may  the  better  sort  say, 
In  the  morning  when  sober,  in  the  evening  when 

mellow, 

He's  gone — and  h'ant  left  behind  him  his  fellow ; 
For  he  governed  his  passions  with  an  absolute  sway, 
And  grew  wiser  and  better  as  his  strength  wore  away, 
Without  gout  or  stone,  by  a  gentle  decay." 

Though  the  above  is,  in  every  respect,  inferior 
to  To-Morrow,  there  is  a  general  similarity  of 
idea  common  to  both  songs,  while  the  details  re- 
semble each  other  too  closely  to  be  mere  coin- 
cidences. Thus  the  original,  "  as  I  find  I  go 
down,"  is  represented  by  "  the  downhill  of  life  "  ; 
"  a  murmuring  brook,"  by  "  a  murmuring  rill  "  ; 
"  the  ocean  at  distance  on  which  I  may  look," 
by  "  a  cot  that  o'erlooks  the  wide  sea "  ;  "  an 
easy  pad  nag,"  by  "  an  ambling  pad  pony."  The 
bleak  northern  blast,  the  peace  and  plenty  at  the 
board,  the  heart  free  from  sickness  and  sorrow, 
are  all  elegant  adaptations  by  Collins  of  ideas 
expressed  in  the  Old  Mans  Wish,  which  in  my 
humble  opinion  must  be  considered  the  original 
of  To-Morrow.  But,  without  entering  into  a 
critical  examination  of  the  merits  of  the  two  songs, 
there  is  one  grand  feature  in  To- Morrow,  which 
renders  it,  even  as  a  literary  composition,  im- 
mensely superior  to  its  prototype ;  need  I  say  that 
that  superiority  consists  in  its  Christian  character, 
its  author  believing  — 

"  This  old  worn-out  stuff,  which  is  threadbare  to-day, 
May  become  everlasting  to-morrow." 

While  the  character  of  the  Old  Man's  Wish  is  as 
completely  pagan  as  Horatius  Flaccus,  whom  its 
author  evidently  adopted  as  his  model  when 
writing  the  song. 

In  the  Gentleman's  Magazine,  vol.  xcii.  p.  15, 
there  are  some  notices  of  Dr.  Pope  and  the  Old 
Man's  Wish,  signed  Eu.  Hood,  which  signature  I 
need  scarcely  observe  here,  signifies-  Joseph  Hasle- 
wood.  Here  we  are  informed  that  the  Old  Man's 
Wish  first  appeared  in  A  Collection  of  Thirty- 
One  Songs,  sold  by  F.  Leach,  1685.  Pope  after- 
wards enlarged  the  song  from  five  to  twenty 
verses,  thus  destroying  the  brief  simplicity  of  the 
original,  to  which  he  added  notes  in  various  lan- 
guages, which  was  published  in  folio,  anno  1693, 
with  the  words  "  the  only  correct  and  finished 
copy.  Never  before  printed." 

The  Old  Man's  Wish,  in  its  original  form  of  a 
song  in  six  verses,  was  very  popular  when  first 
published,  and,  as  a  consequence,  was  freely  paro- 
died. There  are  two  different  parodies  upon  it, 
both  entitled  the  Old  Woman's  Wish-,  one  run- 
ning as  follows :  — 

"  THE  OLD  WOMAN'S  WISH. 

"  When  my  hairs  they  grow  hoary,  and  my  cheeks  they 

look  pale, 

When  my  forehead  hath  wrinkles,  and  my  eye-sight 
doth  fail, 


Let  my  words  both  and  actions  be  free  from  all  harm, 
And  have  an  old  husband  to  keep  my  back  warm. 
The  pleasures  of  youth  are  flowers  but  of  May, 
Our  life's  but  a  vapour,  our  body's  but  clay, 
Oh !  let  me  live  well,  though  I  live  but  a  day. 

"  With  a  sermon  on  Sunday,  and  a  bible  of  good  print, 
With  a  pot  o'er  the  fire  and  good  victual  in't ; 
With  ale,  beer,  and  brandy  both  Winter  and  Summer, 
To  drink  to  my  gossip  and  be  pledged  by  my  cummer. 
The  pleasures  of  youth,  &c. 

"  With  pigs  and  with  poultry,  with  some  money  in  store, 
To  lend  to  my  neighbour  and  give  to  the  poor ; 
With  a  bottle  of  Canary  to  drink  without  sin, 
And  to  comfort  my  daughter  when  that  she  lies  in. 
The  pleasures  of  youth,  &c. 

"  With  a  bed  soft  and  easy  to  rest  on  at  night, 
With  a  maid  in  the  morning  to  rise  when  'tis  light; 
To  do  her  work  neatly,  to  obey  my  desire, 
To  make  the  house  clean  and  to  blow  up  the  fire. 
The  pleasures  of  youth,  &c. 

"  With  coals  and  with  bavins,  and  a  good  warm  chair, 
With  a  thick  hood  and  mantle,  when  I  ride  on  my 

mare; 

Let  me  dwell  near  my  cupboard,  and  far  from  my  foes, 
With  a  pair  of  glass  eyes  to  clap  on  my  nose. 
The  pleasures  of  youth,  &c. 

"  And  when  I  am  dead,  with  a  sigh  let  them  say, 
Our  honest  old  gammer  is  laid  in  the  clay ; 

When  young  she  was  cheerful,  no  scold  nor  no ; 

She  helped  her  neighbours  and  gave  to  the  poor. 

Tho'  the  flower  of  her  youth  in  her  age  did  decay, 
Tho'  her  life  was  a  vapour  that  vanish'd  away, 
She  lived  well  and  happy  until  the  last  day." 

The  other  Old  Woman's  Wish,  commencing  — 

"  If  I  live  to  be  old,  which  I  never  will  own," 
is  scarcely  presentable  here,  as  may  be  imagined 
from  the  last  verse,  — 

"  Without  palsy  or  gout  may  I  die  in  my  chair, 
And  when  dead  may  my  great-great-grandchild  declare, 
She's  gone,  who  so  long  has  cheated  the  Devil, 
And  the  world  is  well  rid  of  a  troublesome  evil. 
That  gave  to  her  passion  an  absolute  sway, 
Till  with  mumbling  and  grunting,  her  breath  wore 

away, 
Without  ache  or  cough,  by  a  tedious  decay." 

Another  parody  on  it,  entitled  The  Pope's  Wish, 
was  published  in  The  Muse's  Farewell  to  Popery 
and  Slavery,  anno  1689.  A  sample  verse  of  this 
last  may  be  excused  :  — 

"  If  I  wear  out  of  date,  as  I  find  I  fall  down, 
For  my  chair  it  is  rotten,  and  shakes  like  my  crown ; 
Though  I  be  an  impostor,  may  this  be  my  doom, 
Let  my  spiritual  market  continue  at  Rome : 

May  the  words  of  my  mouth  the  nations  betray, 
Till  monarchs  and  princes  my  sceptre  obey ; 
To  feed  on  the  fat,  and  the  lean  ones  to  slay." 

This  probably  may  have  been  written  by  Dr. 
Pope  himself,  as  he  was  opposed  to  the  party  of 
James  II.  When  Pope  added  fifteen  verses  and 
notes  to  his  original  song,  Sir  Roger  L'Estrange, 
then  censor  of  the  press,  refused  to  license^  it. 
Upon  which  the  witty  Doctor  wrote  the  following 
lines,  which  were  printed,  and  handed  about  among 
the  Whig  circles  of  the  day :  r- 


3'd  S.  V.  JUNE  4,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


463 


"  ON  LE  STRANGE. 
To  the  Tune  of  the  Old  Man's  Wish. 
"  May  I  live  far  from  Tories  and  Whigs  of  ill  nature, 
And  farthest  of  all  from  a  sly  Observator  *  : 
May  it  ne'er  be  my  fate  to  scribble  for  bread, 
Nor  write  any  longer  than  wise  men  will  read. 
May  I  ne'er  be  the  man  that  will  slight  all  the  laws, 
And  prostrate  my  soul  for  a  Pope  and  his  cause : 
Forget  my  dear  country,  my  youth,  and  my  place, 
Have  a  conscience  like"  steel,  and  metallic  face. 
Be  Sawney  for  int'rest,  and  a  politic  knave, 
And  go  with  a  national  curse  to  the  grave. 
Let  it  not  be  my  fate  to  part  with  my  sense, 
Nor  yet  with  my  conscience  for  lucre  of  pence, 
But  keep  my  religion  which  is  sober  and  bra  ye,  ") 
My  property  likewise,  and  not  be  a  slave,  > 

But  with  good  reputation  lie  down  in  my  grave.  J 
May  I  govern  my  pen  with  absolute  sway, 
And  write  less  and  less  as  my  wits  wear  away." 

Dr.  Walter  Pope,  the  writer  of  the  Old  Man's 
Wish,  was  also  the  author  of  a  very  eccentric 
biography,  The  Life  of  Seth,  Lord  Bishop  of  Sal- 
isbury, published  in  1697. 

A  notice  pf  the  Old  Man's  Wish  occurs  in 
BoswelVs  Johnson  in  the  following  words  :  — 

"  A  clergyman,  whom  he  characterised  as  one  who 
loved  to  say  little  oddities,  was  affecting  one  day,  at  a 
bishop's  table,  a  sort  of  slyness  and  freedom  not  in  cha- 
racter, and  repeated,  as  if  part  of  *  The  Old  Man's  Wish,' 
a  song  by  Dr.  Walter  Pope,  a  verse  bordering  on  licen- 
tiousness. Johnson  rebuked  him  in  the  finest  manner, 
by  first  showing  him  that  he  did  not  know  the  passage 
he  was  aiming  at,  and  thus  humbling  him :  *  Sir,  that  is 
not  the  song ;  it  is  thus : '  And  he  gave  it  right.  Then, 
looking  stedfastly  on  him :  '  Sir,  there  is  a  part  of  that 
song  which  I  should  wish  to  exemplify  in  my  own  life : — 
'May  I  govern  my  passions  with  absolute  sway.'  " 

WILLIAM  PINKERTON. 


EDWARD  ARDEN. 
(3rd  S.  v.  352.) 

MB.  PAYNE  COLLIER'S  note,  in  reference  to  a 
letter  of  Secretary  Walsingham  to  Burghley, 
states  that  "  Edward  Arden,  distantly  related  to 
Shakspeare's  mother,  was  executed  for  high  trea- 
son, Dec.  20,  1583."  I  wish  to  ascertain,  if  pos- 
sible, what  was  the  exact  degree  of  relationship 
between  them.  Dugdale  shows  that  Edward 
Arden  was  the  son  of  William  Arden ;  that  he 
married  Mary,  daughter  of  Sir  Robert  Throck- 
morton,  by  whom  he  had  a  son  Robert  (who  died 
Feb.  27,  1635)  ;  and  that,  at  the  time  of  his  exe- 
cution, Edward  Arden  was  about  forty-one  years 
of  age.  But  he  does  not  show  the  relationship 
to  the  Mary  Arden,  who  married  Shakspeare's 
father. 

While  on  this  subject,  let  me  recommend  the 
whole  affair  of  John  Somerville  and  Edward 
Arden  to  the  careful  investigation  of  such  of  your 
readers  as  are  disposed  and  able,  to  make  the 

b  *T/Ee  name  °f  °ne  °f  the  many  periodicals  Pub»'shed 


necessary  search  after  documentary  evidence. 
From  the  testimony  of  most  of  our  historians, 
it  would  seem  that  John  Somerville,  a  Roman 
Catholic,  and  a  madman,  ran  a  muck  with  a  drawn 
sword  and  threatened  to  kill  the  queen.  He  had 
married  the  daughter  of  Edward  Arden,  a  gentle- 
man of  good  estate  and  ancient  (Saxon)  family  in 
Warwickshire,  who  had  made  himself  very  ob- 
noxious to  Leicester,  Lingard  says,  at  first  by 
refusing  to  sell  a  portion  of  his  estate  for  the  ac- 
commodation of  that  powerful  favourite ;  and  that 
in  the  course  of  the  quarrel,  he  rejected  the  Earl's 
livery,  opposed  him  in  all  his  pursuits  in  the 
county,  and  was  accustomed  to  speak  of  him 
with  contempt  as  an  upstart,  an  adulterer,  and  a 
tyrant.  This  outrage  of  Somerville  (who  is  said 
to  have  been  subject  to  fits  of  insanity)  seems  to 
have  -afforded  Leicester  an  opportunity  for  that 
revenge  which  so  deeply  stained  his  character. 
Arden,  and  a  priest  named  Hall,  were  put  to  the 
torture.  Arden  persisted  in  maintaining  his  inno- 
cence ;  but  the  priest  stated  that  Arden  had,  in 
his  hearing,  "  wished  the  queen  were  in  heaven." 
On  this  slender  proof,  and  the  conduct  of  Somer- 
ville, he,  with  Arden  and  Hall,  and  Arden's  wife, 
were  convicted  of  a  conspiracy  to  kill  the  queen. 
Somerville  (Lingard  says,  on  pretence  of  in- 
sanity,) was  removed  to  Newgate,  and  found 
within  two  hours  strangled  in  his  cell.  Arden 
was  executed  the  next  day.  The  others  were 
pardoned  ;  thus  strengthening  a  general  belief, 
that  Arden's  death  was  to  be  charged  to  the  ven- 
geance of  Leicester,  who  gave  the  lands  of  his 
victim  to  one  of  his  own  dependents.  It  may  be 
said  that  Lingard's  creed  biassed  his  viaws,  and 
tinged  his  statements  with  prejudice.  But  see 
Camden ;  who  compiled  his  Life  of  Elizabeth  at 
the  desire  of  Lord  Burghley,  and  had  both  that 
statesman's  papers,  and  the  State  Papers  and  Re- 
cords of  the  queen  and  the  Privy  Council,  placed 
at  his  disposal  for  the  purpose.  See  also,  Stowe's 
Chronicle;  Dugdale's  Warwickshire  (pp.  681, 
930)  ;  and  the  recent  historians.  In  Dr.  N  ares' s 
Memoirs  of  Burghley,  one  of  the  subjects  in  the 
Table  of  Contents  prefixed  to  vol.  iii.  cap.  x. 
p.  181  (years  1582-83),  is,  "Case  of  Arden  and 
his  Family ;"  but,  strangely  enough,  the  text  has 
not  one  word  on  the  subject.  I  have  seen  the 
Records  of  the  Trial  (Fourth  Report  of  the  Deiuty 
Keeper  of  the  Public  Records,  Appendix  n.  p.  272), 
and  also  references  to  the  subject  in  Peck's 
Desiderata  Curiosa,  &c.  ;  Sir  J.  Mackintosh's 
Continuator ;  Pictorial  History  of  England,  &c. 
Froude's  History  (vol.  viii.)  extends  only  to  1567. 
Apart  from  the  historical  interest  which  this 
foul  affair  awakens,  it  is  suggestive  of  some 
natural  human  sympathies  and  antipathies  in  the 
heart  of  our  great  bard.  When  this  tragedy  was 
enacted,  and  the  fair  fame  of  his  mother's  ancient 
and  honourable  line  stained  by  attainder — and  by 


464 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  JUNE  4,  'G-i. 


the  public  ignominy  of  her  relative's  head  being 
exhibited  on  London  Bridge,  and  his  bowels,  &c., 
on  the  walls  of  the  city  —  Shakspeare  was  in  his 
twentieth  year,  a  husband,  and  a  father ;  and  he, 
must  have  seen  these  sad  sights,  and  witnessed  his 
mother's  grief.  Can  we  wonder  at  his  life-long 
avoidance  of  Leicester,  or  at  his  friendship  for 
Southampton  and  the  unfortunate  and  ^misled 
Essex  ?  I  hope  some  competent  person  will  take 
up  this  subject.  CRUX. 

"NOW,  BRAVE  BOYS,  WE'RE  ON  FOR 

MARCH  IN'." 
(3rd  S.  iii.  386,  459.) 

I  have  long  wondered  why  the  words  of  this 
well-known  Irish  military  comic  song  have  not 
been  supplied  to  your  valuable  journal.  I  got 
them  in"  1840  from  Lieutenant  Gordon  Skelly 
Tidy,  lieutenant  (and  subsequently  captain)  in 
the  48th  Regiment,  who  received  them  from  En- 
sign John  George  Minchin  of  the  same  corps. 
Both  these  officers  being  now  deceased,  I  act  as 
their  literary  executor.  If  we  had  —  as  I  have 
frequently  wished — a  portion  of  "N.  &  Q."  de- 
voted to  music,  the  name  of  which  might,  from 
time  to  time,  be  sought  after,  I  could  send  here- 
with the  music  as  well  as  the  words  of  this  droll 
conceit ;  but,  as  no  such  opportunity  exists,  I  can 
only  transmit  the  "  immortal  verse  "  of  the  ballad 
sought  after  by  your  correspondents.  I  have  never 
seen  the  version  published  in  the  Bentley  Ballads 
to  which  MR.  KELLY  alludes.  The  version  which 
I  now  send  appeared  at  p.  567  of  the  Naval  and 
Military  Gazette  for  September  4,  1841,  and  were 
furnished  by  me  to  the  editor  of  that  news- 
paper :— 

"  THE  FAREWELL  OF  THE  IRISH  GRENADIER  TO  HIS 
LADYE  LOVE." 

[Our  readers  will  at  once  detect  the  plagiarism 
from  the  subjoined  ballad  which  has  been  com- 
mitted by  the  author  of  "  Partant  pour  la  Syrie ; " 
indeed  it  is  so  evident  that  it  must  attract  the 
attention  of  every  person  who  is  not  blind  to  con- 
viction. When  "  Vivi  Tu  "  and  "  Di  Piacer  "  shall 
be  forgotten,  and  when  the  world  shall  have  become 
sceptical  as  to  the  existence  of  "  Semiramide  "  or 
'•  La  Sonnambula,"  "  Love,  farewell !  "  will  be 
remembered  with  a  feeling  of  gratitude  to  the  in- 
dividual who  first  introduced  it  to  public  no- 
tice] :  — 

"  Now,  brave  boys,  we're  on  for  marchin', 
First  for  France,  and  dhin  for  Holland, 
Where  cannons  roar,  and  min  is  dyin', 
March,  brave  boys,  there's  no  denyin'  ;— 

Love,  farewell ! 

"  I  think  I  hear  the  Curnel  cryin' 
'  March,  brave  boys,  there's  colours  flyin' ; 
Colours  flyin',  drums  a  baytin', 
March,  brave  boys,  there's  no  rethraytinV 

Love,  farewell ! 


'The  Mayjor  cries,'  Boys,  are  yees  ready? 
Stand  t'  veer  arms  both  firm  an'  steady ; 
Wid  ev'ry  man  his  flask  of  powdher, 
An'  his  firelock  on  his  showldher.' 

Love,  farewell ! 

'The  mother  cries,  *  Boys,  do  not  wrong  me, 
Do  not  take  mee  dawthers  from  me ; 
Av  yees  do,  I  will  tormint  yees, 
An'  afther  death,  mee  ghost  '11  hant  yees.' 

Love,  farewell ! 

"Now  Molly,  dear,  do  not  grieve  for  me, 
I  am  goin' to  fight  for  Ireland's  glory; 
Av  we  lives,  we  lives  victorious, 
An',  av  we  dies,  our  sowls  is  glorious.' 

Love,  farewell ! " 

JtJVERNA. 


LONG,   GRASS. 
(3rd  S.  iv.  288.) 

PROFESSOR  DE  MORGAN,  quotes  from  Norden's 
Surveyors'  Dialogue,  a  statement  that  in  a  "  med- 
dow  "  near  Salisbury  there  was  a  yearly  growth  of 
grass  "above  ten  foote  long;"  and  that  "it  is  ap- 
parent that  the  grasse  is  commonly  sixteene  foote 
long."  The  PROFESSOR  says,  "  This  grass  must  be 
made  shorter  before  I  can  swallow  it.  What  do 
your  readers  say  ?  What  is  now  the  tallest  grass 
in  England  ?  " 

This  note  and  query  are  very  interesting.  The 
former  shows  that  the  irrigated  meadows  there 
were  in  full  operation,  at  a  maximum  fertility, 
nearly  two  hundred  and  fifty  years  ago ;  the  latter, 
that  so  learned  a  man,  as  all  the  world  knows  the 
PROFESSOR  to  be,  is  unaware  of  so  old  a  fact.  I 
will  endeavour,  as  gently  as  I  can,  to  make  him 
swallow  it  by  cutting  it  into  four,  five,  or  six 
lengths,  each  of  a  month's  growth. 

In  1851,  1  was  directed  by  the  General  Board 
of  Health  to  investigate  and  report  upon  the 
"  Practical  Application  of  Sewer  Water  and  Town 
Manures  to  Agricultural  Production."  My  in- 
quiries included  the  most  notable  irrigated  mea- 
dows. The  results  will  be  found  in  a  Blue  Book 
presented  to  Parliament  in  1852.  I  shall  forbear 
u  quoting"  from  so  large  a  collection  of  facts; 
but  will,  as  briefly  as  possibly,  "extract"  a  few 
figures  bearing  on  the  points  raised  by  PROFESSOR 
DE  MORGAN. 

The  great  fertility  of  the  old  meadows  near 
Salisbury  has  caused  the  extension  of  similar  irri- 
gation along  the  river  Wiley  to  Warminster,  so 
as  to  comprise  between  2000  and  3000  acres.  I 
do  not  appear  to  have  ascertained  the  annual 
growth  of  grass  in  feet  and  inches,  but  state  "  four 
heavy  crops  can  be  cut  in  the  course  of  twelve 
months." 

At  Myer  Mill  Farm,  near  Maybole,  in  Ayr- 
shire,! found  Italian  rye-grass  growing  two  inches 
in  twenty-four  hours ;  and  in  seven  months  there 
was  cut  from  one  field  70  tons  per  acre. 


3'dS.V.  JUNE  4, '64.  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


465 


At  Mr.  Robt.  Harvey's  Dairy  Farm,  near  Glas- 
gow, the  evidence  of  the  manager  was :  — 

"  We  have  cut  on  Pinkston-hill  ten  feet  of  grass  this 
season.  The  first  cut  was  4  feet  high ;  the  second  was 
4  feet  and  3  inches ;  and  the  third  was  above  18  inches. 

1  measured  it  myself." 

At  Halewood  Farm,  near  Liverpool,  the  pro- 
perty of  the  Earl  of  Derby,  occupied  by  Robert 
Neilson,  Esq.,  I  found  8  feet  6  inches  of  Italian 
rye-grass  cut  within  seven  months,  and  a  sixth 
crop  growing. 

At  Liscard  Farm,  in  Cheshire,  the  property  of 
Harold  Lit  tledale,  Esq.,  I  found  80  acres  of  Italian 
rye-grass,  from  which  there  had  been  cut  four 
crops,  each  2|  to  3  feet  thick  during  the  summer 
and  autumn  of  the  same  year. 

At  Port  Kerry  Farm,  Glamorganshire,  on  the 
Romilly  estate.  The  first  crop  of  the  same  kind 
of  grass  was  30  inches ;  the  second  and  third  33 
inches  each  ;  the  fourth,  14  inches.  Total,  9  feet 

2  inches.      In  the   autumn  sheep  were  turned 
into  it. 

Canning  Park,  near  Ayr.  The  same  kind  of 
grass  grown  and  cut  the  same  summer  and  au- 
tumn. First  crop,  18  inches;  second,  18  to  24 
inches;  third  and  fourth,  each  3  feet  to  4|  feet; 
fifth,  2  feet;  and  sixth,  18  inches.  Total,  mean 
aggregate  cut  in  seven  months,  14  feet  3  inches. 

I  have  made  this  note  as  brief  as  possible ;  and, 
in  conclusion,  beg  courteously  to  present  to  PRO- 
FESSOR DE  MORGAN,  through  the  editor,  a  small 
parcel  of  the  actual  grass  last  mentioned;  and 
two  others,  of  nearly  equal  length,  from  the  cele- 
brated Craigentinny  Meadows,  near  Edinburgh. 
They  were  gathered  by  my  own  hands  in  1851, 
and  I  regret  to  say  they  have  lost  their  fragrance. 

W.  LEE. 


THE  CUCKOO  SONG. 
(3rd  S.  v.  418.) 

I  think  I  may  venture  to  affirm,  touching  the 
song  of  the  cuckoo,  that  the  pitch  of  the  notes  is 
certainly  not  always  the  same  (speaking  of  the 
tribe  generally),  even  if  it  do  not  vary  with  the 
season  in  individual  birds.  In  White's  Natural 
History  of  Selborne  (edited  by  the  Rev.  Leonard 
Jenyns,  1843),  page  194,  after  mentioning  that 
the  owls  in  that  neighbourhood  "  hoot  in  three 
different  keys,— in  G  flat  or  F  sharp,  in  B  flat, 
and  A  flat,  and  querying  whether  "  these  different 
notes  proceed  from  different  species,  or  only  from 
various  individuals,"  the  writer  goes  on  to  state 
that  it  has  been  found  upon  trial  that  the  note  of 
the  cuckoo  (of  which  we  have  but  one  species) 
varies  in  different  individuals.  About  Selborne 
wood  he  (Mr.  White's  informant)  found  they 
were  mostly  in  D.  He  heard  two  sing  together, 
the  one  in  D  and  the  other  in  D  sharp,  which  (as 


the  writer  naively  remarks)  made  a  disagreeable 
concert  (!)  He  afterwards  heard  one  in  D  sharp, 
and  about  Wolmer  Forest  some  in  C. 

In  Hone's  Year  Book  (p.  516)  is  the  following 
curious  account  of  the  song  of  this  bird  :  — 

"  Early  in  the  season,  the  cuckoo  begins  with  the  in- 
terval of  a  minor  third :  the  bird  then  proceeds  to  a 
major  third,  next  to  a  fourth,  then  a  fifth,  after  which 
his  voice  breaks  out  without  attaining  a  minor  sixth." 

The  writer  then  quotes  "  an  old  Norfolk  pro- 
verb "  as  follows  :  — 

"  In  April  the  cuckoo  shows  his  bill, 
In  May  he  sings  night  and  day, 
In  June  he  changes  his  tune, 
In  July  away  he  fly, 
In  August  away  he  must." 

From  Hone's  description  of  the  song  of  the 
cuckoo  it  would  seem  clear  that,  whether  or  not 
he  changes  his  key,  he  certainly  (as  the  proverb 
says)  **  changes  his  tune."  J.  B.  S. 

The  two  notes  given  in  Gungl's  Cuckoo  Galop 
are  B  natural  and  G  sharp,  the  same  interval  as 
E  natural  and  C  sharp  mentioned  by  your  cor- 
respondent. But  I  have  just  heard  the  cuckoo 
give  F  natural  and  C  sharp,  where  the  interval  is 
not  3.15,  as  in  the  above,  but  4.27  ;  and  in  a 
popular  song  the  interval  given  is  F  natural  and 
C  natural,  or  equal  to  4.98  ;  these  figures  being 
the  proportion  of  12  into  which  our  musical  scale 
is  divided.  The  author  of  Habits  of  Birds  gives 
F  natural  and  D  natural,  or  an  interval  of  2.94, 
less  than  any  of  the  above  ;  and  Kircher  says 
(Musurgia,  i.)  it  is  from  D  natural  to  B  flat,  an 
interval  of  3.86.  See  Penny  Cycl  xx.  507,  where 
the  exact  division  of  the  octave  is  given.  Ac- 
cording to  Mitford  (Linn.  Trans,  vol.  vii.),  "  the 
cuckoo  begins  early  in  the  season  with  the  interval 
of  a  minor  third;  the  bird  then  proceeds  to  a 
major  third,  next  to  a  fourth,  then  to  a  fifth, 
after  which  his  voice  breaks  without  attaining  a 
minor  sixth,"  a  circumstance  long  ago  remarked 
by  John  Hey  wood  (Epigrams,  black  letter,  1587). 
A  friend  of  White  of  Selborne  (Lett.  45)  found 
upon  trial,  that  the  note  varies  in  different  indi- 
viduals ;  for,  about  Selborne  wood  he  found  they 
were  mostly  in  D  ;  he  heard  two  sing  together, 
the  one  in  D,  and  the  other  in  D  sharp,  which 
made  a  disagreeable  concert :  he  afterwards  heard 
one  in  D  sharp,  and  about  Wolmer  Forest,  some 
in  C.  ("  Habits  of  Birds,"  L.  E.  K.  305.) 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 
Lichfield. 

I  have  carefully  noticed  the  cry  of  the  bird  as 
it  has  been  uttered  in  Somerset  and  Devon  during 
the  last  week  or  two  ;  and  my  ear,  no  unpractised 
or  uncultivated  one,  assures  me  that,  so  far  it  has 
been  invariably  a  precise  interval  of  a  fourth  ; 
and  not,  as  R.  W.  D.  describes  it,  a  minor  third. 


466 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3**  S.  V.  JUNE  4,  '64. 


The  notes  are  "  do,  sol,"  that  is  to  say  (if  I  adopt 
the  key  named  by  R.  W.  D.),  not  E  and  C  sharp, 
but  E  and  B  natural.  That  this  is  probably  the 
general  song  of  the  bird,  musical  composers  tes- 
tify ;  as  for  example,  in  the  old  catch,  "  Sweeps 
the  pleasure  in  the  Spring,"  in  which  the  cry  is 
imitated  by  the  notes  G,  D  ;  and  in  the  well- 
known  setting  (I  think  by  Arne)  of  the  song  in 
Love's  Labour's  Lost. 

"Cuckoo!  Cuckoo! 
Oh,  word  of  fear,"  &c. 

Where  I  think  the  notes  employed  are  C  natural 
andG. 

May  28th.  I  have  this  evening  heard  a  cuckoo 
singing  major  thirds. 

May  30th.  And  this  morning  another,  singing 
an  imperfect  interval  between  a  major  third  and 
a  fourth. 

Weelks's  fine  old  three-part  madrigal,  "  The 
nightingale,  the  organ  of  delight,"  gives  the 
"  Cuckoo  "  in  minor  thirds,  in  at  least  four  dif- 
ferent keys  (E,  C  sharp,  A,  F  sharp,  B,  G  sharp, 
D,  B  natural). 

White,  in  his  Natural  History  ofSelborne,  vol.  i. 
Letter  X.  says,  on  the  authority  of  a  neighbour, 
that  — 

"  The  note  of  the  cuckoo  varies  in  different  individuals ; 
for  about  Selborne  Wood  he  found  they  were  mostly  in 
D :  he  heard  two  sing  together,  the  one  in  D,  the  other 
in  D  sharp,  who  mads  a  disagreeable  concert :  he  after- 
wards heard  one  in  D  sharp,  and  about  Wolmer  Forest, 
some  in  C." 

White  does  not  explain  which  note  he  or  his 
neighbour  considers  to  be  the  key-note — the  first 
or  the  last. 

I  have  above  treated  the  first  or  upper  note  as 
the  key-note,  calling  it  "  do."  Perhaps  it  would 
have  been  more  correct  to  consider  the  closing 
note  as  indicating  the  key  ;  in  which  case  the  two 
notes  (at  a  fourth  interval)  would  be  "fa,  do." 

W.  P.  P. 


LASSO  (3rd  S.  v.  442.)  —  I  think  your  corre- 
spondent A.  A.  is  mistaken  when  he  says  "  there 
is  no  such  thing  as  a  lasso  mentioned  in  any 
ancient  author."  Surely,  Sir  Francis  Head  him- 
self could  hardly  have  given  a  more  graphic  de- 
scription of  the  lasso  than  the  two  following. 
Herodotus,  speaking  of  the  eight  thousand  Sagar- 
tian  cavalry,  says  (lib.  vii.  85), — 

Xpecavrai  ffeipyari  7rfrr\eynfvr)<ri  e£  ljj.avruv'  ^  Se  /wax*/ 
roureW  TWV  avSpuv  ^5e  •  tiredv  (Tv^iff^uffi  roiffi  TroA.6- 
nlouri,  &d\\ov<ri  rds  ffeipds,  eir'  fapcp  )8pJxous  tyofoas' 
frreu  8'  &i/  rvxy  1\v  re  lirirov  fy  re  avQpuirov  eV  ewur^ 
e'A»cei*  01  8c  £i>  fpneffi  l/wraAcwnnfyiei/oi  Sia.(pdfipovrai. 

Pausanias  (i.  21,  5)  mentions  the  Sarmatians  as 
using  the  same  weapon,  for  the  same  cause  pro- 
bably, scarcity  of  metal :  — 


Kol  ffeipds  irepifiaXovTes  ruv  iroXf/JLiow  6ir6(rois  Kal 
i  T0^  '/TTTTOUS  cbrooTpetJ/cwTes  avaTpetrovai  roi/s 
i'Tas  rais  ffetpais. 

Suidas  (s.  v.  <refywj)  mentions  the  Parthians  also 
as  using  the  lasso  ;  and  Mr.  Rawlinson  says  the 
Assyrian  sculptures,  now  in  the  British  Museum, 
represent  the  use  of  it.  LEWIS  EVAHS. 

Sandbach. 

[We  beg  to  acknowledge  a  similar  communication  from 

OXONIENSIS.3 

Can  any  of  your  readers  tell  me  when  lassos  or 
lazos  were  first  used  for  catching  cattle  according 
to  the  plan  now  followed  in  Mexico  and  South 
America  ? 

.  Were  they  known  in  Spain  before  the  conquest 
of  Mexico,  or  by  the  English  and  French  buc- 
caneer hunters  of  Tortuga  and  Hispaniola,  in  the 
sixteenth  century  ?  QUERIST. 

OLD  PAINTING  AT  E  ASTER  FOWLIS  (3rd  S.  v. 
192.)— In  No.  114  of  "  N.  &  Q."  which  has  lately 
been  received  here,  there  is  the  description  of  a 
curious  old  painting  at  Easter  Fowlis,  near  Dun- 
dee, by  G.  G.  M.  of  Edinburgh.  In  this  -descrip- 
tion occurs  the  following  sentence :  "  The  artist 
has  evidently  not  been  aware  of  the  modern  no- 
tions of  Satan's  appearance  ;  or  if  so,  he  has  de- 
parted widely  from  it." 

Now,  I  rather  think  that  the  artist  knew  per- 
fectly well  what  he  was  about,  albeit  he  appears 
to  have  made  a  devil  of  a  mistake.  His  satanic 
majesty  is  rather  notorious  for  his  eccentric  tricks 
in  'dress,  and  astonishing  transformations  of  body, 
but  up  to  this  moment,  if  I  am  properly  enligh- 
tened on  this  rather  dark  subject,  he  has  not  yet 
condescended  to  honour  the  crustacean  fraternity 
by  assuming  the  shape  and  livery  of  a  lobster,  or 
even  a  craw-fish — "  Verura  cancri  nulla  sit  socie- 
tas  cum  Diabolo." 

The  picture  at  Easter  Fowlis  does  indeed  not 
represent  the  parting  of  the  soul  from  the  body, 
but  quite  on  the  contrary,  the  embodiment  of 
the  soul,  which,  coming  from  the  moon,  was  em- 
bodied on  the  earth  under  the  influence  of  cancer 
(K&PKIVOS),  the  Encloser  or  Confiner.  Hence,  ob- 
serves Nork  (Realworterbuch,  ii.  p.  387),  the  two- 
fold meaning  of  /^a?o,  which  signifies  both  cancer 
and  also  the  deity  that  favours  births  —  the  mid- 
wife deess  Maia.  The  craw-fish  was  sacred  to  Juno, 
who  presided  over  marriage,  and  was  the  protec- 
tress of  married  women.  No  doubt  the  moon  can 
be  found  somewhere  in  the  picture  at  Easter 
Fowlis  if  looked  for.  I  hope  I  have  succeeded  in 
giving  the  devil  his  due,  and  in  doing  a  service 
both  to  him  and  the  lobsters,  by  showing  that 
they  have  nothing  in  common.  L.  HOFFMAN. 

Kingston,  Jamaica,  May  6, 1864. 

JEREMIAH  HORROCKS  (3rd  S.  v.  173,  367.)— 
PROFESSOR  DE  MORGAN  and  others  appear  to 
overlook  the  object  of  my  inquiry.  If  the  correct 


8rd  S.  V.  JUNE  4,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


467 


date  of  Horrocks's  birth  be  1619,  then  he  must 
have  been  entered  as  Sizar  at  Cambridge  when 
only  thirteen  years  of  age.  This  seems  very  im- 
probable ;  and  hence,  it  is  the  date  of  his  birth 
which  I  desire  to  ascertain.  I  know  all  about 
Whatton's  Life  of  Horrocks,  and  what  the  Rev. 
R.  Brikell  has  done  at  Hoole.  T.  T.  W. 

OBATOBIO  or  "ABEL"  (3rd  S.  v.  297.)— I  have 
two  word-books  of  this  Oratorio,  the  titles  of 
which  are  as  follows :  — 

"  Abel,  an  Oratorio,  or  Sacred  Drama  for  Music.  As  ii 
is  Perform'd  at  the  Theatre  Royal  in  Drury-Lane.  Sel 
to  Music  by  Thomas  Augustine  Arne.  London :  Printed 
for  R.  Francklin  in  Russel- Street,  Co  vent  Garden 
MDCCLV.  (Price  one  Shilling.)"  4to. 

"  The  Sacrifice :  or  Death  of  Abel.  An  Oratorio,  or 
Sacred  Drama  for  Music.  As  it  is  Perform'd  at  the 
Theatre  Royal  in  Drury-Lane.  Set  to  Music  by  Doctor 
Arne.  London :  Printed  for  R.  Francklin,  &c.  MDGOLXII. 
(Price  One  Shilling.)"  4to. 

On  the  latter  is  written,  in  a  contemporary 
hand,  "  By  John  Lockman." 

EDWARD  F.  RIMBAULT. 

DOR  (3rd  S.  v.  416.)  — Though  Bailey  gives 
"  the  drone  bee  "  as  the  meaning  of  the  word 
Dor,  this  cannot  be  the  insect  alluded  to  by  Thos. 
Adams,  in  the  passage  quoted,  where  he  speaks 
of  "  dor  in  dunghill."  I  have  all  my  life  heard 
the  name  applied  to  a  beetle,  one  of  that  sort 
which  one  so  often  sees  alighting  on  ordure,  with 
a  deep  droning  noise,  and  which  is  described  in 
the  well-known  line  in  Gray's  Elegy  :  — 

"  Save  where  the  beetle  wheels  his  droning  flight." 

In  fact  Bailey  gives  this  meaning  to  the  word 
Dorr,  **  a  kind  of  beetle  living  on  trees,"  and 
Dyche  gives  as  the  meaning  of  Dorr,  "  the  com- 
mon black  beetle ;  also  ^the  chafer,  or  dusty 
beetle,"  which  latter,  no  doubt,  was  the  one  in- 
tended by  Bailey,  being  the  cockchafer.  The 
common  black  beetle  is,  however,  so  commonly 
called  the  Dor  beetle,  that  notwithstanding  the 
difference  of  spelling,  I  cannot  doubt  that  it  was 
the  insect  meant  by  T.  Adams.  Bees  do  not  often 
light  upon  dung;  but  every  one  knows  that  beetles 
do  so  habitually.  F.  C.  H. 

A  drone  bee  has  nothing  to  do  with  dunghills. 
The  drone  fly  has,  indeed,  to  a  certain  extent  ; 
but  the  insect  here  meant  must  surely  be  the 
well-known  beetle— the  dor,  or  clock,  as  he  is 
sometimes  called  —  Geotrupes  stercorarius,  the 
shard  borne  beetle,  whose  droning  flight  on  sum- 
mer evenings  is  so  constantly  seen. 

W.  J.  BERNHARD  SMITH. 

Temple. 

To  MAN  (3rd  S.  v.  397.)— Several  elucidations 
of  "  Man  but  a  rush  "  have  lately  appeared.  Two, 
I  think,  are  sufficiently  curious  to  bear  trans- 
planting into  "  N.  &  Q." :  — 


"  The  reading  is  a  blunder  of  the  first  folio,  and  per- 
haps was  allowed  to  remain  and  be  repeated  because  the 
right  one  —  'Rush  but  a  man:'  is  so  obvious.  It  is 
noticeable  that,  before  the  text  was  set  right,  Jeremy 
Taylor,  in  his  Liberty  of  Prophesying,  and  Milton  in  his 
Areopagita,  quote  it  accurately.  Perhaps  they  did  so 
from  some  book  which  we  have  not.  Perhaps  they  felt 
that  the  received  reading  was  merely  a  misprint." — Public 
Opinion,  April  9,  1864. 

Another  correspondent  says  :  — 

"  May  I  be  permitted  to  suppose  that  there  have, 
originally,  been  two  printer's  errors,  viz.  of  punctuation 
and  of  spelling.  Read  Othello's  address  to  Gratiano  as 
follows :  — 

"  Do  you  go  back  dismayed  ?  'tis  a  lost  fear,  man ; 
Put  a  rush  against  Othello's  breast  and  he  retires." 

Id.,  April  16. 

I  merely  transcribe  the  above.  I  have  always 
avoided  giving  an  opinion  on  readings  in  Shak- 
spere,  lest,  like  my  betters,  I  should  lose  my 
temper.  FITZHOPKINS. 

Garrick  Club. 

HAYDN  QUERIES  (3rd  S.  v.  212,  &c.)— May  I  be 
permitted  to  add  another  to  the  former  queries  ? 
Which  is  the  composition  called,  in  Germany, 
"  The  Razor  Quartette  "  ?  The  tradition  is,  that 
the  great  composer  one  morning  was  shaving,  and 
in  a  pet  with  his  instrument,  which,  like  most  of 
the  foreign  cutlery  at  that  time,  was  very  bad. 
In  the  middle  of  the  operation  his  publisher  came 
in ;  and  Haydn  said,  "  I  would  give  a  first-rate 
quartette  if  I  could  but  get  a  good  English  razor." 
The  publisher,  who  had  not  long  before  been  in 
England,  took  him  at  his  word  ;  ran  home  directly, 
and  fetched  one  he  had  brought  over  with  him. 
Haydn  kept  his  promise,  and  presented  him  with 
the  score  of  what  he  told  him  at  the  time  was  the 
best  quartette  he  had  ever  written.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

SALMAGUNDI  (3rd  S.  v.  388.)  —  The  story  told 
in  ^France  relative  to  this  dish,  which  is  made  of 
salted  fish,  is,  that  one  of  their  queens  was  very 
fond  of  salt,  and  her  chief  lady  was  of  the  Italian 
family  the  Gqndi.  During  dinner,  the  former  was 
in  the  habit  of  continually  asking  for  her  fa- 
vourite condiment :  "  Le  sel,  ma  Gondi— le  sel,  ma 
Gondi."  And  it  is  said,  that  when  this  dish  was 
nvented,  the  courtiers  gave  it  this  name;  which, 
by  a  slight  corruption,  became  salmagundi.  The 
story  is  perhaps  neither  vero  nor  exactly  len 
trovato;  however,  it  is  the  tradition  across  the 

hannel.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

MARROW  BONES  AND  CLEAVERS  (3rd  S.  v.  356.) 
H.  S.  will  find  in  Chambers's  Book  of  Days,  vol.  i. 
p.  360,  the  custom  of  marrow  bones  and  cleaver- 
men  attending  often  at  marriages.  The  writer 
says  as  follows  :  — 

"  Hogarth,  in  his  delineation  of  the  Marriage  of  the 
ndustrious  Apprentice  to  his  master's  daughter,  takes 
>ccasion  to  introduce  a  set  of  butchers  coming  forward 


468 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3*d  S.  V.  JUNE  4,  '64. 


with  marrow  bones  and  cleavers,  and  roughly  pushing 
aside  those  who  doubtless  considered  themselves  as  the 
legitimate  musicians.  We  are  thus  favoured  with  a  me- 
morial of  what  might  be  called  one  of  the  old  institutions 
of  the  London  vulgar  —  one  just  about  to  expire,  and 
which  has,  in  reality,  become  obsolete  in  the  greater  part 
of  the  metropolis.  The  custom  in  question  was  one  essen- 
tially connected  with  marriage.  The  performers  were 
the  butchers'  men, — the  '  bonny  boys  that  wear  the  sleeves 
of  blue.'  A  set  of  these  lads,  having  duly  accomplished 
themselves  for  the  purpose,  made  a  point  of  attending  in 
front  of  a  house  containing  a  marriage  party,  with  their 
cleavers,  and  each  provided  with  a  marrow  bone,  where- 
with to  perform  a  sort  of  rude  serenade,  of  course  with 
the  expectation  of  a  fee  in  requital  of  their  music.  Some- 
times the  group  would  consist  of  four,  the  cleaver  of  each 
ground  to  the  production  of  a  certain  note;  but  a  full 
hand — one  entitled  to  the  highest  grade  of  reward — 
would  be  not  less  than  eight,  producing  a  complete 
octave ;  and,  where  there  was  a  fair  skill,  this  series  of 
notes  would  have  all  the  fine  effect  of  a  peal  of  bells, 
When  this  serenade  happened  in  the  evening,  the  men 
would  be  dressed  neatly  in  clean  blue  aprons,  each  with  a 
portentous  wedding  favour  of  white  paper  in  his  breast  or 
hat.  It  was  wonderful  with  what  quickness  and  certainty, 
under  the  enticing  presentment  of  beer,  the  serenaders 
got  wind  of  a  coming  marriage,  and  with  what  tenacity 
of  purpose  they  would  go  on  with  their  performance 
until  the  expected  crown  or  half  crown  was  forthcoming. 
The  men  of  Clare  Market  were  reputed  to  be  the  best 
performers,  and  their  guerdon  was  always  on  the  highest 
scale  accordingly.  A  merry  rough  affair  it  was ;  trouble- 
some somewhat  to  the  police,  and  not  always  relished  by 
the  party  for  whose  honour  it  was  designed ;  and  some- 
times, when  a  musical  band  came  upon  the  ground  at  the 
same  time,  or  a  set  of  boys  would  please  to  interfere  with 
pebbles  rattling  in  tin  canisters,  thus  throwing  a  sort  of 
burlesque  on  the  performance,  a  few  blows  would  be  inter- 
changed. Yet  the  marrow  bone  and  cleaver  epithalamium 
seldom  failed  to  diffuse  a  good  humour  throughout  the 
neighbourhood;  and  one  cannot  but  regret  that  it  is 
rapidly  passing  among  the  things  that  were." 

THOMAS  T.  DYER. 
King's  College. 

BARON  MTJNCHAUSEN  (3rd  S.  v.  397.) — O.  T.  D. 
writes  :  — 

"I  have  just  come  across  an  old  story  in  the  Facetia 
Bebeliana,  which  may  be  regarded  as  the  original  of  that 
adventure  in  the  modern  romance,  which  tells  how  the 
Baron's  horse  was  cut  in  two  by  the  descending  portcullis 
of  a  besieged  town,"  &c. 

The  original,  however,  may  be  looked  for  at  a 
much  earlier  date.  The  following  passage  is  taken 
from  The  Lady  of  the  Fountain,  p.  54,  in  the  Ma- 
Unogion  of  the  Llyfr  Coch  o  Hergest,  as  translated 
from  the  ancient  Welsh  MS.  by  Lady  Charlotte 
Guest,  1838.  After  describing  a  fight  between 
the  two  knights,  it  says  :  — 

"  Then  the  Black  Knight  felt  that  he  had  received  a 
mortal  wound,  upon  which  he  turned  his  horse's  head, 
and  fled.  Owain  pursued  him,  and  followed  close  upon 
him,  although  he  was  not  near  enough  to  strike  him  with 
his  sword.  Thereupon  Owain  descried  a  vast  and  re- 
splendent castle.  And  they  came  to  the  castle  gate.  And 
the  Black  Knight  was  allowed  to  enter,  and  the  portcullis 
was  let  fall  upon  Owain ;  and  it  struck  his  horse  behind 
the  saddle,  and  cut  him  in  two,  and  carried  away  the 
rowels  of  the  spurs  that  were  upon  Owain's  heels.  And 


the  portcullis  descended  to  the  floor.  And  the  rowels  of 
the  spurs  and  part  of  the  horse  were  without,  and  Owain, 
with  the  other  part  of  the  horse,  remained  between  the 
two  gates,  and  the  inner  gate  was  closed,  so  that  Owain 
could  not  go  thence;  and  Owain  was  in  a  perplexing 
situation."  [Aside,  I  should  think  he  was.] 

At  p.  367  of  the  same  collection,  relating  the 
adventures  of  Peredur,  the  son  of  Evrawc,  there 
is  mention  of  a  remarkable  stag.  Though  not  the 
cherry  tree,  *'  he  has  one  horn  in  his  forehead  as 
long  as  the  shaft  of  a  spear,  and  as  sharp  as  what- 
ever is  sharpest ;  and  he  destroys  the  branches  of 
the  best  trees  in  the  forest,  and  he  kills  every 
animal  that  he  meets  with  therein  ;  and  those  that 
he  does  not  slay  perish  with  hunger." 

It  is  said  that  if  the  tail  of  a  leech  be  cut  off, 
after  the  animal  has  fixed  itself  to  the  skin,  it  will 
drink  blood  as  Baron  Munchausen's  horse  drank 
water.  P.  HUTCHINSON. 

BARONY  or  MORDAUNT  (3rd  S.  v.  416.)  — 
P.  S.  C.  does  not  seem  to  be  aware  that  the  late 
Duke  of  Gordon  had  several  sisters,  between 
whom  the  barony  of  Mordaunt  of  course  fell  into 
abeyance,  to  the  exclusion  of  all  other  claims. 
They  all  married,  and  all  I  believe  had  issue. 

CHARLES  F.  S.  WARREN. 

GARY  FAMILY  (3rd  S.  v.  398.)— I  am  sorry  that 
I  cannot  aid  MR.  ROBINSON  in  tracing  the  Gary 
family  in  Holland;  but  with  reference  to  his 
suggestion  that  possibly  some  descendants  of  the 
first  Lord  Hunsdon  may  still  exist,  I  think  it  may 
not  be  amiss  to  inquire  what  probability  there  is 
of  such  being  the  case. 

I  presume  that  MR.  ROBINSON  has  in  view  male 
descendants  only,  and  to  such  I  shall  confine  my 
attention. 

The  first  Lord  Hunsdon  had  four  sons, — George, 
John,  Edmund,  and  Robert.  Robert,  the  youngest 
son,  was  created  Earl  of  Monmouth,  and  as  that 
title  became  extinct  so  long  ago  as  1661,  it  is 
clear  that  there  can  have  been  no  male  descendant 
in  this  line  for  the. last  two  centuries.  We  may, 
therefore,  confine  our  inquiries  to  the  three  elder 
sons. 

George,  the  eldest  son,  who  on  his  father's  death 
became  the  second  Lord  Hunsdon,  died  without 
male  issue,  and  the  title  descended  on  his  brother 
John,  the  second  son. 

On  the  death  of  his  grandson,  the  fifth  lord, 
the  line  of  John,  the  second  son,  became  extinct, 
and  the  title  passed  to  the  descendants  of  Edmund, 
the  third  son. 

This  Edmund,  the  third  son,  had  a  son  Sir 
Robert,  who,  according  to  MR.  ROBINSON,  had  four 
sons— Horatio,  Ernestus,  Rowland,  and  Ferdinand. 
The  line  of  Horatio,  the  eldest  son,  became  extinct 
on  the  death  of  Robert,  the  sixth  baron,  in  1692. 
The  line  of  Ernestus,  the  second  son,  became 
extinct  on  the  death  of  Robert,  the  seventh  baron, 


3*d  S.  V.  JUNE  4,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


469 


in  1 702  ;  and  the  line  of  Ferdinand  became  ex- 
tinct on  the  death  of  William  Ferdinand,  the 
eighth  baron,  in  1765.  If,  as  MR.  ROBINSON  ap- 
pears to  suppose,  Rowland  was  the  third  son,  it  is 
clear  that  this  line  must  have  become  extinct 
before  the  line  of  Ferdinand  could  have  succeeded 
to  the  title.  If,  however,  Rowland  was  the 
youngest  son,  it  is  certainly  possible  that  some 
descendants  of  his  may  still  exist. 

But  however  this  may  be,  the  question  still 
remains — was  Sir  Robert  the  only  son  of  Edmund? 
MR.  ROBINSON  speaks  of  Edmund's  having  a 
daughter  Alitha.  If  he  had  also  a  younger  son, 
any  male  descendant  of  this  younger  son  would 
probably  be  entitled  to  the  barony  of  Hunsdon. 

MELETES. 

PRE-DEATH  COFFINS  AND  MONUMENTS  (3rd  S.  v. 
423.) — The  Earl  of  Buchan,  brother  of  Henry 
Erskine  and  Lord  Chancellor  Erskine  had  his 
tombstone  put  up  during  his  life  at  Dryburgh 
Abbey.  There  was  inscribed  on  it  the  date  of  his 
birth,  and  by  anticipation,  that  of  his  death  thus  : 
"Died  the  day  of  ,18  ,"  leaving  these 
blanks  to  be  filled  up  at  the  proper  time  by  his 
successors,  which  it  is  presumed  has  been  duly 
attended  to.  G. 

QUOTATION  WANTED  (3rd  S.  iv.  499 ;  v.  62.)  — 
|  "  God  and  the  doctor  we  alike  adore." 

I  remember  an  epigram,  but  not  whether  I  read 
or  heard  it.  Perhaps  it  may  be  admissible  with- 
out verification  :  — 

"  Tres  medicus  facies  habet ;  unam,  quando  rogatur, 

Angelicus ;  mox  est,  cum  juvat,  ipse  Deus : 
Post  ubi  curato  poscit  sua  praemia  morbo, 
Horridus  apparet,  terribilisque  Satan." 

FlTZHOPKINS. 

Garrick  Club. 

EPITAPH  ON  A  DOG  (3rd  S.  v.  416.)— "N.  &  Q." 
goes  in  for  everything;  so  here  is  another.  It 
was  in  lithograph,  or  the  predecessor  of  lithograph, 
fifty  years  ago :  — 

"Eheu!  hie  jacet  Crony, 

A  dog  of  much  renown ; 
Nee  fur,  nee  macaroni, 

Though  born  and  bred  in  town. 

"  In  war  he  was  acerrimus, 
In  dog-like  arts  perite ; 
In  love,  alas !  miserrimus, 
For  he  died  of  a  rival's  bite. 

"  His  mistress  struxit  cenotaph, 
And  as  the  verse  comes  pat  in, 


Ego  qui  scribo  epitaph, 
Indite  it  in  dog-latin." 


M. 

BREAKING  THE  LEFT  ARM  (2nd  S.  vii.  106.)— 
The  following  is  from  S.  Bentley's  Excerpta  His- 
torica,  London,  1831,  p.  43  :  — 

"  For  women  that  usen  Bordell,  that  lodge  in  the  Oste. 

"  Also  that  no  maner  of  man  have,  nor  hold,  any 
co:non  woman  within  his  lodging,  upon  payuc  of  losing 


a  month's  wages ;  and  if  any  man  finde,  or  may  finde, 
any  comon  woman  lodginge,  my  saide  lorde  geveth  him 
leve  to  take  from  her  or  theim  all  the  mony  that  may 
be  founde  upon  her  or  theim,  and  to  take  a  stafe  and 
dryve  her  out  of  the  oste,  and  break  her  arme." — Orders 
by  the  Earl  of  Shrewsbury  and  the  Lord  of  Montheimer, 
at  their  sieges  in  Maine,"  &c. 

W.  D. 

MARRIAGE  BEFORE  A  JUSTICE  OF  THE  PEACE 
(3rd  S.  v.  400)  :  — 

"  During  the  usurpation  of  Cromwell,  marriage  was 
declared  to  be  a  merely  civil  contract."— Dean  Hook's 
C/iurch  Diet.  art.  "  Matrimony." 

"  One  of  the  laws  of  the  Barebones  Parliament  (1653) 
made  marriage  merely  a  civil  contract.  The  parties  were 
forced  to  have  their  banns  published  three  times  in  the 
church  or  in  the  market  place,  and  they  were  to  profess 
their  mutual  desire  of  being  married  in  the  presence  of  a 
magistrate.  In  1656  the  parties  were  allowed  to  adopt 
the  accustomed  rites  of  religion,  if  they  preferred  them." 
—Bishop  Short's  Hist,  of  the.  Church  of  England,  Section 
622. 

N. 

DOLPHIN  AS  A  CREST  (3rd  S.  v.  396.)— The 
arms  of  the  city  of  Glasgow  are  derived  from 
those  of  the  see.  See  Moule's  Heraldry  of  Fish, 
p.  124.  Mr.  Moule  seems  to  have  exhausted  the 
subject  of  Dolphins  as  heraldic  bearings ;  I  beg, 
therefore,  to  refer  your  correspondent  CHEVRON 
to  his  excellent  work,  pp.  15 — 45. 

GEORGE  W.  MARSHALL. 

HERACLITUS  RIDENS  (3rd  S.  v.  73.)  —  My  query 
might  as  well  have  been  headed  "  Fly-leaf  Scrib- 
blings,"  as  I  can  throw  no  light  on  the  authorship 
of  this  witty  serial.  I  have  a  copy,  however,  of 
the  edition  published  in  1713,  the  first  volume  of 
which  contains  ten  pages  of  very  closely-written 
manuscript  poetry,  in  a  hand  about  the  same  date 
as  the  book.  The  greater  part  is  in  heroic  verse, 
and  is  copied  from  the  poems  of  John  Phillips 
(though  without  allusion  to  the  author)  ;  but  there 
are  two  amorous  and  epigrammatic  songs  for 
which  I  cannot  find  a  parent.  I  infer  that  they 
(as  well  as  the  other)  are  copies ;  and  therefore 
ask  the  assistance  of  your  contributors.  I  give 
only  the  first  two  lines  of  each,  but  will  send  tha 
whole  should  they  be  unknown  :  — 

"  Whatt,  putt  off  with  one  Denyall, 

And  not  make  a  second  tryall  ?  " 
"  Bright  Cythia's  power,  divinely  great, 
What  heart  is  not  obeying  ?  " 

W.  LEE. 

SIR  EDWARD  MAY  (3rd  S.  v.  65,  142.)— I  have 
to  thank  R.  W.  for  his  kindness  in  replying  to  my 
query  on  this  subject.  Can  R.  W.,  or  any  other 
correspondent,  inform  me  as  to  the  crest  and  motto 
borne  by  Sir  Edward  ?  Did  any  member  of  the 
May  family  settle  in  London  ?  CARILFORD. 

Cape  Town. 

"KiLRUDDERY  HUNT  "  (3rd  S.  v.  442.)  —  The 
late  owner  of  Loughlinstown,  between  Bray  and 


470 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3**  S.  V.  JUNE  4,  '64. 


Dublin,  was  Sir  Compton  Domvile,  Bart.,  of  Saw- 
try.  I  am  not  aware  whether  it  was  one  of  that 
name  who  is  alluded  to  in  the  ballad  of  the  Kil- 
ruddery  Hunt,  but  as  it  was  not  the  usual  resi- 
dence of  the  family,  it  may  more  probably  be  some 
tenant,  who  held  the  estate  on  the  long  leases  so 
common  in  Ireland^  especially  as  no  sporting  tra- 
ditions of  the  Domvile  family  have  reached  the 
present  time.  T.  E.  WINNINGTON. 

SEPTUAGINT  (3rd  S.  Y.  419.)— Dr.  Henry  Owen, 
there  is  reason  to  believe,  did  not  know  the  facts. 
The  Septuagint  version  was  first  made  for  the  use 
of  the  Jews ;  and  both  Talmuds  speak  of  *|  thir- 
teen texts  only  As  departed  from  in  the  version  of 
Ptolemy  (the  Septuagint).  After  this  version 
fell  into  the  hands  of  Christians,  corruptions  began, 
and  the  labqurs  of  Origen  were  directed  to  their 
elimination ;  but,  notwithstanding  his  compilation 
of  the  Hexapla,  the  corruptions  were  greatly  mul- 
tiplied, so  that  the  thirteen  differences  were  in- 
creased to  hundreds.  See  Eichhorn's  Einl.  A.  T. 
s.  173;  Hody,  Eusebius,  Eccl.  Hist.  v.  28;  Ra- 
phall's  Jewtt  i.  131 ;  Clemens  Alex.  Strom,  v.  p. 
595  D. 

NEWINGTONENSIS  is  wrong  in  attributing  to  the 
Christians  a  jealous  care  for  the  integrity  of  the 
text ;  their  object  has  been  unfortunately  to  alter 
the  text  to  suit  their  dogmas,  not  to  correct  their 
dogmas  by  the  text,  a  disposition  which  is  by  no 
means  extinct.  T.  J.  BUCKTOK. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 

A.  Dictionary  of  the  Bible. ;  comprising  Antiquities,  Biogra- 
phy, Geography,  and  Natural  History.  By  various  Wri- 
ters. Edited  by  William  Smith,  LL.D.,  &c.  Parts  XIII. 
to  XXV.  (Murray.) 

We  congratulate  the  Editor,  the  Contributors,  and  the 
Publishers  of  The  Dictionary  of  the  Bible,  on  the  success- 
ful completion  of  this  valuable  compendium  of  biblical 
knowledge.  Varied  and  numerous  as  have  been  the 
endeavours  to  illustrate  the  Antiquities,  Biography,  Geo- 
graphy, and  Natural  History  of  the  Holy  Scriptures,  it 
may  safely  be  averred  that  so  large  an  amount  of  learned 
and  trustworthy  illustration  of  those  several  departments 
of  knowledge  has  never  before  been  collected  together, 
and  certainly  never  before  been  presented  to  the  world  in 
so  compact  and  so  convenient  a  form.  While  it  is  a  cha- 
racteristic of  the  most  important  articles  in  this  Diction- 
ary that,  although,  to  a  certain  extent,  they  exhaust 
the  subject,  the  reader  who  may  wish  to  examine  it  more 
thoroughly  for  himself,  will  find  in  the  authorities  quoted 
by  the  writers,  references  to  the  best  sources  of  informa- 
tion for  the  solution  of  his  doubts,  or  the  strengthening 
of  his  convictions.  The  associated  labours  of  a  numer- 
ous body  of  divines  eminent  for  their  piety,  and  of  scholars 
distinguished  for  their  learning  (and  some  of  the  contri- 
butors combine  in  their  own  persons  both  these  qualifica- 
tions) have  succeeded  in  collecting  into  these  three  goodly 
octavos  a  judicious  combination  of  the  theological  stu- 
dies of  past  ages  with  the  theological  inquiries  of  our  own 


days;  and  have  thereby  produced  an  Emryclopaedia  of 
Biblical  Learning,  to  which  students  of  all  classes,  from 
the  skilled  theologian  to  the  humblest  reader  of  the 
Bible,  may  refer  with  the  certainty  of  finding  in  it  infor- 
mation of  which  they  are  in  search. 

A  Neglected  Fact  in  English  History.    By  Henry  Charles 

Coote,  F.S.A.    (Bell  &  Daldy.) 

The  "neglected  fact,"  to  which  Mr.  Coote  directs  at- 
tention in  this  able  little  volume,  is,  that  the  German 
influence  recognisable  in  the  elements  of  English  nation- 
ality is  not  derived  from  the  German  immigrants  of  the 
fifth  and  sixth  centuries,  but  owes  its  origin  to  a  branch 
of  a  great  Cis-rhenan  people,  which,  in  its  continental 
seat,  strained  the  nerve  of  the  great  dictator  before  it 
submitted  to  the  genius  of  the  empire ;  and  that  of  this 
people,  as  the  true  continental  branches  have  been  long 
since  lost  or  merged,  England  is  now  the  sole  represen- 
tative. Mr.  Coote  supports  this  view  with  sound  argu- 
ment and  great  learning. 

Syntax  and  Synonyms  of  the  Greek  Testament.  By  Wm. 
Webster,  M.A.,  late  Fellow  of  Queen's  College,  Cam- 
bridge. (Rivingtons.) 

A  scholarly  and  careful  work,  in  explanation  of  the 
peculiarities  of  Hellenistic  Greek ;  compiled  from  Winer, 
Donaldson,  Rose,  and  our  recent  English  commentators — 
as  Ellicott,  Alford,  Wordsworth,  and  Vaughan;  and 
forming  a  most  serviceable  volume  for  the  theological 
student. 


iff 

CARILFORD  (Cape  Town).  The.  English  translation  of  VAbU  Lam- 
bert's work  is  entitled  Curious  Observations  on  the  Manners,  Customs, 
Usages,  different  Languages,  Government,  Mythology,  Chronology, 
Ancient  and  Modern  Geography,  Ceremonies,  Religion,  Mechanics, 
Astronomy,  Medicine,  Physics,  Natural  History,  Common  Arts  and 
Sciences  of  the  several  Nations  of  Asia,  Africa,  and  America.  Lond. 
1751,2  vols.  8vo. 

OLD  MORTALITY-.  Le  Neve's  Monumenta  Anglicana  was  issued  in  the 
following  order :  — 

Inscriptions  from  1700— \7 15,  published  in  1717 

1650—1679  „  1718 

„  \680_1699  „  1718 

1600—1649  „  1719 

1650-1718      (Suppt.)      1719 

The  third  volume  with  the  date  1718,  which"  our  correspondent  states  he 
has  in  his  library,  is  unknown  to  bibliographers. 

ABHBA.  The  last  of  the  Liturgical  Tracts  published  in  The  Surplice, 
was  No.  23,  "  The  Canons  of  the  Holy  Apostles  in  Greek,  Latin,  and 
English:' 

HERMENTRCDE  will  find  references  to  four  biographical  works  on 
Alfieri  in  Didot's  Nouvelle  Biographic  Generate. 

MELETES.  Vigilius,  who  was  Bishop  of  Tapsus,  in  Africa,  unquestion- 
ably wrote  in  Latin.  Our  Correspondent  will  find  all  the  inforination  he . 
waits  in  Waterland's  Critical  History  of  the  Athanasian  Creed.— 
The  origin  of  the  practice  of  (jiving  white  gloves  to  judges  at  maideii 
assizes  is  noticed  in  owrlstS.  i.  72.  Consult  the  other  articles  on  the. 
custom  referred  to  in  the  General  Index  to  the  First  Series  oj  N.  &  Q., 
art. "  Gloves" 

A.  A.  will  find  eight  articles  on  the  origin  and  early  use  of  the  word 
Humbug  in  our  First  Series.  See  Gen.  Index.  In  The  Loves  of  Hero 
and  Leander,  edit.  1677,  are  these  lines :  — 

"  Enough,  quotli  Hero,  say  no  more; 
Hum-bug,  quoth  he,  'twas  known  of  yore. 

J.  B.  will  find  some  account  of  Thomas  Bartholinus  and  John  Pecquet 
of  Dieppe  in  any  biographical  dictionary.  For  a  'notice  of  Michel  Ly- 
serus  and  his  works,  see  Nouvelle  Biographic  Generate,  xxxn.  415. 

A.  E.  L.  (o/"  N.  &  Q."  of  May  21,  p.  419),  is  requested  to  say  wher<- 
we  can  forward  a  letter  we  have  received  for  him. 

***  Cases  for  binding  the  volumes  o/"N.  &  Q."  may  be  had  of  the 
Publisher,  and  of  all  Booksellers  and  Newsmen. 

"NOTES  AND  QOM.M"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
ixxiird  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Sfiscripfion  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publisher  ^ncludinQ 'the Hait- 
i/early INDEX)  is  Us.  4d.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  O/hce  Order, 
'•xuiableat  the  Strand  Post  Office,in  favour  of  WILLIAM  G.  SMITH,  32, 
WELLINGTON  STREET,  SXBAND,  W.C.,  to  whom  all  COMMUN.CATIONS  FOR 
TUB  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 

"NOTES  &  QUERIES"  is  registered  for  transmission  abroad. 


3'*  S.  V.  JUNE  4,  '64.1 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

TT7ESTERN,   MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

}  T      AWD  METROPOLITAN   COUNTIES   LIFE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 


CHIEF  OFF 


-ICES  :  S,  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON 
77,  KING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


,  and 


H.  E.Blcknell.Esg. 

T.  Somers  Cocka,  Esq.,  M.A..J.P. 

Oeo.  II.  Drew,  Esq.,  M.  A. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq.  ,  . 

3.  H.  Goodhart.Esq.,  J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,M.P. 

Peter  Hood,  Esq. 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  B.  E.  Howard,  D.C.L. 
James  Hunt,  Esq. 
John  Leigh,  Esq. 
Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 


.  Marson.Esq. 
3.  Vanaittart  Neale,  Esq.,  M.  A. 


Bonamy  Price,  Esq.,M.A. 
Jas.  Ly  s  Seager,  Esq. 
Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 
John  B.  White,  Esq. 
Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary.— Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society's  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Rates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Kates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  tne  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MKDICAL  MEN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases, for.  their  Reports  to  the 

No  CHARGE  MADE  FOR  POLICE  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal. 

Now  ready,  price  14». 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees,  Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 


OSTEO       E  I   D  O   TJ. 

Patent,  March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

flABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH    and 

\T  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 
27,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London • 

134,  Duke  Street, Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  £c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth.*    Post  Free  on  application. 
American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 


TiniV  \  Gi*4_  i-i.  j  f  •*  vciictny  resemuie  me  natural  teem  us 
not  to  be  distinguished  from  the  originals  by  the  closest  observer  ;  they 
w»ll  never  change  colour  or  decay,  and  will  be  found  superior  to  any 
teeth  ever  before  used.  This  method  does  not  require  the  extraction  of 
•goto,  or  any  painful  operation,  and  will  SSStlSjiSSr?^ 
T>n  rJTSe']ttfndt>f  K,uaran,teed  to  restwe  articulation  and  mastica- 
tion. Decayed  teeth  stopped  and  rendered  sound  and  useful  in  mas- 
tication._52.  1  leet  Street.  At  Home  from  Ten  till  Five. 

PIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS  - 
TTOLLOWAY'S  OINTMENT   AND~  PILLS.  - 

-       AD  r-EGS.— 


. 

S.—  Any  unnatural  discharge  from  the  skin  is  at  all 
C     Ie<  bu?  n  *"*  weather  il  becomes  irritatinK_sometirne8 
old  wounds,  scrofula,  and  scorbutic  eruptions,  are 
I"™!  by  "Ol  l-°Way'8  Oiutm«nt.    It  at  once  arrestl 
fllce  by  purifying  and  re*ulatinK  the  circulation  in 
Part  andxnT1'  bf,  iri^ins  e"erK,y  tO  -the  """ves  of  the  affe,'  ted 
eedi  of  all  vi»  ?    *""  u11-  >)0180n°u3  ancl  noxious  matters.    It  ejects  the 
milent  eruptions  and  ulcerations,  and  thus  confers  no  par- 
of  t£-?£ESSZ  b°V,n'  b#  a  complete  and  permanent  cure.    By  means 
fnvariably  s^cSed       8ufferers  may  aim  at  attaining  health,  and  will 


N 


ORTH    BRITISH    AND    MERCANTILE 

INSURANCE    COMPANY. 

Established  1809. 

FIRE  AND  LIFE  INSURANCE  BUSINESS  of  every  description 
transacted  at  moderate  rates. 

The  usual  Commission  allowed  on  Ship  and  Foreign  Insurances. 
,  Insurers  in  this  Company  will  receive  the  full  benefit  of  the  reduc- 
tion in  Duty. 

Capital         .....          #3,000,000 
Annual  Income  .....    £  lO7,£4t:t 
Accumulated  Funds  . 
LONDON-HEAD  OFFICES,  58,  Threadneedle  Street,  B.C. 

WEST  END  OFFICE         -       i 


Duncan  James  Kay,  Esq. 
Stephen  P.  Kennard,  Esq. 
Patrick  F.  Robertson,  Esq. 
Robert  Smith,  Esq. 


DEBENTURES    at  5,  5£,   and  6   PER  CENT., 
CEYLON  COMPANY,  LIMITED.  Subscribed  Capital,  *350,000. 

DIRECTORS. 

Lawford  Acland,  Esq.,  Chairman. 
Major-General     Henry    Pelham 

Burn. 

Harry  George  Gordon,  Esq. 
George  Ireland,  Esq. 

MANAGER— C.  J.  Braine,  Esq. 

The  Directors  are  prepared  to  issue  Debentures  for  one,  three,  and 
five  years,  at  5, 5j,  and  6  per  cent,  respectively.  They  are  also  prepared 
to  invest  money  or  mortgage  in  Ceylon  and  Mauritius,  either  with  or 
without  the  Grarantee  of  the  Company,  as  may  be  arranged. 

Application  ior  particulars  to  be  made  at  the  Office  of  the  Company, 
No.  12,  Leadeaimil  Street,  London,  E.C. 

By  Order,  JOHN  ANDERSON,  Secretary. 


OND'S     PERMANENT   MARKING   INK. — 

The  original  invention,  established  1821,  for  marking  CRESTS, 
'AMES,  INITIALS,  upon  household  linen,  wearing  apparel,  &c. 

N.B Owing  to  the  preat  repute  in  which  this  Ink  is  held  by  families, 

outfitters,  &c.,  inferior  imitations  are  often  sold  to  the  public,  which  do 
not  possess  any  of  its  celebrated  Qualities.  Purchasers  should  there- 
fore be  careful  to  observe  the  address  on  the  label,  10,  B1SIIOPSGATE- 
STREET  WITHIN,  E.C.,  without  which  the  Ink  is  not  genuine. 
Sold  by  all  respectable  chemists,  stationers,  &c.,  in  the  United  King- 
dom, price  Is. per  bottle;  no6d.  size  ever  made. 

NOTICE.  — REMOVED  from  28,  Long  Lane  (where  it  hag  been 
established  nearly  half  a  century),  to 

10,  BISHOPSGATE  STREET  WITHIN,  E.C. 


Sold  by  Grocers  and  Confectioners . 
F    H    Y  '  S         CHOCOI.-a.TE 

FRY'S  FRENCH  CHOCOLATE  FOR  EATING, 
in  Sticks,  and  Drops. 

FRY'S    CHOCOLATE    CREAMS. 

FRY'S  FRENCH  CHOCOLATE  IN  CAKES. 
J.  S.  FRY  &  SONS,  Bristol  and  London. 


T 


CHOCOX.AT  —  1VI  E  KT  I  E  R. 

(Manufactured  only  in  France.) 

HEALTHIEST,    BEST,  and  most  DELI- 


CIOUS   ALIMENT  for  BREAKFAST   KNOWN    SINCE  1825; 
DEFIES   ALL    HONEST   COMPETITION,  UNADULTERATED, 
HIGHLY  NUTRITIOUS  and  PURE.    Sold  in  $  Ib  Packets. 
Also,  especially  manufactured  for  eating  as  ordinary  sweetmeats, 

or  at  Dessert:  — 

Chocolate  Creams.       I  Chocolate  Nougat.        I    Chocolate  Praline". 
Chocolate  Almonds.    |  Chocolate  Pistaches.     I    Chocolate  Pastilles. 

Chocolate  Croquettes  and  Chocolate  Liqueres  (very  delicate). 

Wholesale,  E.  GUENIN,  1  19,  Chancery  Lane,  London.    Retail,  by  all 

respectable  houses. 


Pure   Pickles,  Sauces,  Jams,  A.C. 

And  Table  Delicacies  of  the  highest  quality,  pure  and  wholesome. 
See  "  Lancet  "  and  Dr.  Hossall's  Report. 

CROSSE    &    BLACK  WELL, 


SO 


Purveyors  to  the  Queen. 
HO    SQUARE,   LONDON. 


May  be  obtained  from  all  Grocers  and  Oilmen. 


Dinneford's  Pure  Fluid  Magnesia 

Hai  been,  during  twenty-five  years,  emphatically  sanctioned  by  the 
Medical  Profession,  and  universally  accepted  by  the  Public,  as  tne 
Best  Remedy  for  Acidity  of  the  Stomach,  Heartburn,  Headache,  Gout, 
and  Indigestion,  and  as  a  Mild  Aperient  for  delicate  constitutions, more 
especially  tor  Ladies  and  Children.  When  combined  with  the  Acidu- 
lated I>emon  Syrup,  it  forms  au  AGREEABLE  EFFERVESCING  DRAUGHT, 
in  which  its  Aperient  qualities  are  much  increased.  .During  iiot 
Seasons, and  In  Hot  Climates, the  regular  useof  this  simple  andelegant 
remedy  has  been  found  highly  beneficial.  It  is  prepared  (in  a  state 
of  perfect  purity  and  of  uniform  strength)  by  DINNED  ORD  &  CO., 
172,  New  Bond  Street,  London:  and  sold  by  all  respectable  Chemists 
;hroughout  the  World. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  JUNE  4,  '64. 


Now  ready,  Parts  I.,  II.,  and  III., 

To  be  completed  in  Thirty-two  Monthly  Parts,  2s.  6d.  each,  a  New  and  Revised  issue  of  the 

PICTORIAL      EDITION 

OF   THE 

WORKS    OF    WILLIAM    SHAKSPERE; 

EDITED   BY    CHARLES    KNIGHT: 
CONTAINING  UPWARDS  OF  ONE  THOUSAND  ILLUSTRATIONS. 

Each  Monthly  Part  ivitt  contain  120  pages,  elegantly  printed  on  the  finest  Tinted  Paper ;  the  Work  forming  when 

complete  Eight  handsome  Volumes. 


PROSPECTUS. 


TWEKTY-FIVE  years  have  elapsed  since  the  first  Monthly  Part  of  the 
1  PICTORIAL  EDITION  OF  SHAKSPEHE  '  was  published.  Upon  the  com- 
pletion of  the  First  Volume,  in  May,  1839,  Mr.  Knight's  name,  as 
Editor,  as  well  as  Publisher,  appeared  upon  the  Title-page.  In  a  Pre- 
fatory Notice  he  says,  "  When  he  originally  undertook  this  task,  the 
Editor  hoped  for  more  direct  assistance  than  he  lias  received.  He  had 
proposed  to  himself  a  duty  little  beyond  that  of  collecting  and  ar- 
ranging the  contributions  of  others.  But  the  difficulty  of  producing  an 
edition  of  Shakspere  upon  such  a  principle  was  found  much  greater 
than  had  been  anticipated;  and  the  Editor  has  therefore  been  com- 
pelled to  trust  to  his  own  diligence  and  love  of  his  author,  except  in 
two  well-defined  departments  "  —  that  of  Costume,  undertaken  by  Mr. 
Planchc? ,  and  that  of  Music,  by  Mr.  Ayrton. 

The  original  Prospectus  of  this  work  furnishes  an  adequate  view  of 
its  chief  features,  and  of  the  principles  upon  which  it  was  to  be  con- 
ducted. There  was  little  variation  between  the  first  design  of  the 
structure  and  its  completion  at  the  end  of  five  years.  We  cannot  more 
adequately  set  forth  the  character  of  the  "  Pictorial  Shakspere  than 
in  the  following  brief  extracts  from  that  Prospectus: 

I.  OF  ITS  LITERARY  OBJECTS:  "  Shakspere  demands  a  rational  edi- 
tion of  his  wonderful  performances,  that  should  address  itself  to  the 
popular  understanding,  in  a  spirit  of  enthusiastic  love,  and  not  of  cap- 
tious and  presumptuous  cavilling;— with  a  sincere  zeal  for  the  illustra- 
tion of  the  text,  ratner  than  a  desire  to  parade  the  stores  of  useless 
learning;— and  offering  a  sober  and  liberal  examination  of  conflicting 
opinions  amongst  the  host  of  critics,  in  tne  hope  of  unravelling  the 
perplexed,  clearing  up  the  obscure,  and  enforcing  the  beautiful,  instead 
of  prolonging  those  fierce  and  ridiculous  controversies,  which,  always 
offensive,  are  doubly  disagreeable  in  connexion  with  the  works  of  the 
most  tolerant  and  expansive  mind  that  ever  lifted  us  out  of  the  region 
of  petty  hostilities  and  prejudices.  The  school  of  Steevens  and  Malone 
has,  for  all  enlarged  purposes  of  criticism,  been  overthrown  by  that  of 
Schlegel  and  Goethe.  In  Germany,  Shakspere  has  been  best  under- 
stood, because  he  has  there  been  most  ardently  loved.  Coleridge,  and 
Lamb,  and  Hazlitt,  and  others  amongst  ourselves,  have  taught  us  to 
measure  Shakspere  by  a  juster  standard  than  that  *  of  the  dwarfish 
commentators,  who  are  for  ever  cutting  him  down  to  their  own  size.' 
But  we  have  no  complete  English  edition  of  our  poet,  in  which  the 
spirit  of  this  higher  criticism  has  been  embodied,  or  in  any  degree  has 
found  a  place." 

It  must  be  kept  in  mind  that  when  this  was  published,  Mr.  Collier, 
Mr.  Dyce,  and  others,  had  not  entered  the  field  of  Shaksperian  criticism. 
Mr.  Knight's  edition  supplied  a  great  want,  which  has  been  generously 
acknowledged  by  an  American  editor,  who  has  himself  recently  pro- 
duced an  edition  of  the  Poet  which  may  fairly  take  rank  amongst  the 
best.  In  Mr.  Richard  Grant  White's  Prefatory  Letter  of  1854  to  his 
volume  entitled  '  Shakespeare's  Scholar,'  he  says:  "About  five  years 
ago  I  bought  a  copy  of  Mr.  Knight's  Pictorial  Edition,  and  having 
studied  Shakespeare  himself  alone  for  so  many  years,  I  thought  that  I 
might  with  indifference  read  a  commentator  again.  From  Mr.  Knight's 
labours  I  derived  great  satisfaction;  his  were  altogether  different  com- 
ments from  those  which  still  fretted  in  my  memory.  I  found  that  his 
Shakespeare  and  mine  were  the  same;  and  I  read  with  a  new  pleasure 
his  remarks  upon  the  different  flays,  —  a  pleasure  which  I  need  hardly 
say  was  repeated  and  heightened  oy  subsequent  acquaintance  witli  the 
criticisms  of  Coleridge,  Wilson,  Schlegel,  and  Hazlitt.  But  I  learned 
from  him  a  fact  of  which  my  determination  had  kept  me  ignorant,  or 
rather,  made  me  forgetful,  that  the  text  of  Shakespeare  before  the  date  of 
his  edition  was  filled  with  the  alterations  and  interpolations  of  those 
very  editors  whose  labours  had  impressed  me  so  unpleasantly;  and 
nndiny;  that  in  some  of  the  few  passages  which  had  been  obscure  to  me, 
the  obscurity  was  of  their  creating,  not  of  Shakespeare's,  or  even  his 
printers,  I  instantly  began  the  critical  study  of  the  text. 


to  justify,  if  such 
'  Pictorial  Shak- 


We  quote  another  passage  from  the  same  work,  to 
justification  were  necessary,  a  republication  of  the 
upere:'— 

"  Mr.  Knight  brought  to  his  task  an  intelligent  veneration  for  his 
author,  and  a  sympathetic  apprehension  of  his  thoughts,  which,  I  ven- 
ture to  say,  has  never  been  surpassed  —  perhaps  never  equalled,  by  any 
of  that  gentleman's  fellow-editors.  There  exists  no  critical  essays  more 
imbued  with  the  pure  spirit  of  Shakespeare  than  the  Supplementary 
Notices  which  Mr.  Knight  appended  to  each  in  his  beautiful  Pictorial 
Edition." 

II.  OP  ITS  OBJECTS  AS  AN  ILLOSTRATKD  WORK  OF  ART:— We  further 
quote  a  few  passages  from  the  original  Prospectus  of  Mr.  Knight's  edi- 
tion, to  show  in  what  manner  its  distinguishing  title ,  '  The  Pictorial,' 
was  carried  out :— "  In  addition  to  the  literary  illustrations  of  Shakspere 
that  may  be  supplied  by  judicious  research  and  careful  st lection,  there 
is  a  vast  storehouse  of  materials  yet  unemployed,  that  may,  with  singu- 
lar propriety,  be  used  for  adding  hoth  to  the  information  und  the  enjoy- 
ment of  the  readers  of  our  great  Poet — we  mean  Pictorial  Illustrations. 
We  have  embellished  editions  of  Shakspere  out  of  number,  that  attempt 
to  represent  the  incidents  of  his  scenes,  and  translate  his  characters  into 
portraits  for  the  eye— with  greater  or  less  success  ;— but  we  have  no  edi- 
tion in  which  the  aid  of  Art  has  been  called  in  to  give  a  distinctness  to 
the  conceptions  of  the  reader  by  representing  the  REALITIES  upon  which, 
the  imagination  of  the  poet  must  have  rested.  Of  these  Pictorial  Illus- 
trations many,  of  course,  ought  to  be  purely  antiquarian  ; — but  the  larger 
number  of  subjects  offer  a  combination  of  the  beautiful  with  the  real, 
which  must  heighten  the  pleasure  of  the  reader  far  more  than  any  fan- 
ciful representation,  however  skilful,  of  the  incidents  of  the  several 
dramas.  Look,  for  example,  at  the  localities  of  Shakspere's  scenes,  and 
trace  how  many  sources  of  pictorial  illustration  this  class  alone  will 
open.  lu  his  Historical  Plays,  the  Portraits  of  the  real  personages  of 
the  drama  will  form  an  interesting  class.  But  Shakspere  is  almost  in- 
exhaustible in  many  other  of  the  most  delightful  sources  of  Pictorial 
Illustration— in  his  Natural  History,  in  his  mythological  allusions  and 
personifications,  suggestive  of  exquisite  remains  of  ancient  Art  —  in 
Costume,  whose  rich  variety  will  be  appreciated,  when  it  is  considered 
that  Shakspere,  deals  with  all  conditions  of  men,  from  the  king  to  the 
beggar.  Imaginative  embellishment  will,  however,  be  partially  em- 
ployed, in  all  cases  where  it  is  demanded  by  the  character  of  the  par- 
ticular drama." 

With  regard  to  the  Text  of  the  Pictorial  Edition,  Mr.  Knight,  in  his 
original  Prospectus,  somewhat  too  exclusively  expressed  his  reliance 
upon  the  Folio  of  1(523.  In  a  postscript  to  his  Sixth  Volume  he  says, 
"  I  conscientiously  thought  that  former  editors  had  too  much  neglected 
the  authority  of  the  folio  collection  of  his  plays,  to  put  their  trust  in 
those  rare  and  unique  morsels  which  the  editors  of  that  folio  described, 
and  in  many  instances  with  unquestionable  truth,  as  'stolen  and  sur- 
reptitious copies.'  "  But  Mr.  Knight  goes  on  to  declare  his  intention  to 
collate  the  matchless  collection  of  quarto  copies  in  the  British  Museum 
and  the  Bodleian  Library.  This  collation  he  accomplished  for  his  sub- 
sequent '  Library  Edition,'  of  which  revision  the  present  edition  has  the 
benefit. 

Upon  the  Text  and  Notes  of  the  Revised  Edition  now  announced,  Mr. 
Knight  has  laboured  since  the  beginning  of  1863,  diligently  comparing 
the  labours  of  others  with  his  own,— acknowledging  his  obligations  in 
all  cases  where  he  adopts  their  opinions,— pointing  out  the  most  im- 
portant "  Recent  New  Readings  "  either  to  be  subscribed  to  or  contro- 
verted— but  never  surrendering  the  principle  upon  which  he  has  uni- 
formly worked,  that  for  three-fifths  of  Shakspere's  plays  the  Folio  of 
1623  is  the  onh/  authority  ;  that  for  the  other  two-fifths  the  Quartos  may 
be  advantageously  compared  with  that  Folio;  but  that  to  sail  forth  into 
the  wide  ocean  of  Conjectural  Readings  is  to  embark  upon  a  perilous 
voyage,  with  no  guide  to  steer  between  Scylla  and  Charybdis  but  the 
discretion  of  the  helmsman. 


%*  The  Publishers  are  authorized  to  slate  that  the  NEW  EDITION  of  'THE  PICTORIAL  SHAKSPERE,'  now  in  the  press, 
is  the  only  Edition  of  Shakspere  which  Mr.  Knight  has  revised  and  corrected  during  the  last  ten  years. 

London:   ROUTLEDGE,  WARNE,  &  ROUTLEDGE,  Broadway,  Ludgate  Hill. 


Printed  by  GEOP.GE  ANDREW  SPOTTISWOODE,  at  5  New-street  Square,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Bride,  in  the  County  of  Middlesex ; 
Published  by  WILLIAM  GREIG  SMITH,  of  3-2  Wellington  Street,  Strand,  in  the  said  County.— Saturday,  June  4, 18C4. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 

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Third  Edition,  cloth,  gilt  edges,  fcap.  8vo,  2s.  6d. 

vni. 

By  F.  E.  SMEDLEY,  ESQ. 

Frank  Fairlegh. 

Post  8vo,  2s.  6cZ.;  cloth,  3s.  6c/.    Library  Edition,  Illustrated,  16*. 

Harry  Coverdale's  Courtship. 

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Lewis  Arundel. 

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London:  VIRTUE,  BROTHERS,  &  CO.,  1,  Amen  Corner,  E.G. 


3'd  S.  V.  JUNE  11,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


471 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JUNE  11,  1864. 


CONTENTS. —No.  128. 

NOTES:— Extracts  from  the  Town  Council  Records  of  Ir- 
vine 471  —  "  Let  the  dreadful  Engines,"  472  —  Joseph 
Lesurques,  473  —  Bunyan's  Tomb  in  Bunhill  Fields,  474  — 
Ascot  Races  Forty  Years  ago  — Epitaphs  on  Cats  — Date 
of  the  Death  of  Lord  Jeffrey  —  Aristotle's  Politics  — The 
witty  Fool  — Origin  of  Prior's  "Thief  and  Cordelier"  — 
Raine's  Marriage  Portion  of  100Z.  —  Horace  not  an  old 
Woman,  474. 

QUERIES:  — Colonel  John  Morice,  or  Morris,  476  — The 
old  Cathedral  of  Boulogne,  16.— Anecdote— Borrow  Sucken 

—  The  Earl  of  ClonmeU's  "Diary"  —  Duchayla  —  Expe- 
dient —  Captain  Thomas  Forrest— Greek  or  Syrian  Princes 

—  Heraldic  Query—  High  Commission  Court  —  The  Hoot- 
ing Thing  of  Mickleton  Wood  — "Jack  of  Newbury"  — 
"  The  Irish  Tutor"  —  "  Kimbolton  Park : "  a  Huntingdon- 
shire Query  —  "  Loyalty  Medals,"  &c.  —  Inscription  at 
Portchester— The  Regent  and  Lords  Grey  and  Grenville— 
Salmon  in  the  Thames  —  Slavery  prohibited  in  Pennsyl- 
vania—Unpublished Shaksperian  MSS.  of  the  late  Mr. 
Caldecott  —  Rev.  George  Walker  —  The  Rev.  Thomas 
Wilkinson,  477. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWEBS  :  —  George  Meriton  —  Lambeth 
Degrees  in  Medicine  —  Medmenham  Club  —  Nathaniel 
Bentley,  alias  Dirty  Dick— Lady  Elizabeth  Spelman  — 
Sanatory,  480. 

REPLIES :  —  Parish  Registers,  483  —  Mrs.  Dugald  Stewart's 
Verses,  484  — Eikon  Basilike,  Ib.  —  Justice  —  Paradin's 
"  Devises  Heroiques  "  —  Hebrew  MSS.  —  Bezoar  Stones  — 
Passage  in  Aristophanes  —  Plagiarisms  —  Surnames  —  Sir 
Edward  May  —  Mount  Athos  —  Quadalquivir  —  Ballad 
Queries— Battles  in  England—  Sack— The  English  Church 
in  Rome  —The  Red  Cross  Knight  v. "  Queen's  Gardens," 
&c.,  487. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


EXTRACTS  FROM  THE  TOWN  COUNCIL 
RECORDS  OF  IRVINE. 

The  following  interesting  notices,  from  an  Ayr- 
shire newspaper,  are  well  entitled  to  be  preserved 
in  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."  They  are  from  the 
pen  of  Mr.  James  Paterson,  author  of  a  history  of 
the  families  in  that  county. 

After  the  defeat  of  General  Bailie,  by  Montrose,  at 
Kilsyth,  on  the  25th  August,  1645,  the  west  of  Scotland 
was,  in  a  manner,  entirely  at  the  mercy  of  the  Royalists. 
At  that  time  the  flower  of  the  Scottish  army  was  in 
England,  and  only  a  few  regiments  of  ill-disciplined 
volunteers  could  be  brought  together,  rather  to  hang  on 
the  rear  and  disturb  the  movements  of  Montrose,  than  to 
offer  him  battle.  There  were  many  of  the  landed  pro- 
prietors, especially  of  the  smaller  class,  in  Ayrshire, 
favourable  to  the  royal  cause ;  and  partly  with  the  view 
of  exacting  fines,  and  partly  to  encourage  those  friendly 
to  the  undertaking,  Montrose  despatched  his  lieuten- 
ant, Alaster  M'Coll  or  M 'Donald,  to  Kilmarnock,  there 
to  levy  contributions  from  the  surrounding  district, 
and  invite  the  presence  of  the  Royalist  gentry,  while  he 
himself  took  post  at  Loudon  Hill.  In  the  History  of 
Ayrshire,  pp.  116 — 117,  there  is  a  curious  letter — printed 
from  the  original— by  the  Laird  of  Lainshaw  to  his  chief, 
the  Earl  of  Eglinton,  then  absent  with  the  army,  we  pre- 
sume in  England,  narrating  the  loss  sustained  upon  the 
Eglinton  estate,  Rowallan,  and  other  properties  in  Cun- 
inghame.  Alaster,  however,  seems  to  have  conducted 
himself  with  considerable  moderation.  No  doubt  there 
was  policy  in  this,  and  apparently  it  had  the  desired 
effect ;  for  not  a  few  paid  court  to  him  at  Kilmarnock, 
and  many  more  were  on  their  way  to  the  "Leaguer" 


when  intelligence  of  Montrose's  defeat  at  Philliphaugh, 
by  General  Leslie,  on  the  13th  September,  put  a  stop  to 
their  progress. 

The  following  extract  from  the  Records  of  Irvine  refers 
to  this  period;  also  to  what  followed  the  "break,"  or 
defeat  of  the  Remonstrators  at  Hamilton,  by  the  troops  of 
Cromwell  under  Lambert,  in  1650.  John  Dunlop,  the 
complainer,  was  Chief  Magistrate,  or  Provost,  of  Irvine. 
The  gentleman  to  whom  we  are  indebted  for  the  copy, 
states  that  the  old  orthography  has  not  in  all  cases  been 
adhered  to :  — 

"  A  true  accompt  of  ye  disbursements  and  losses  sus- 
tained by  John  Dunlop  quhill  he  was  Magistrate  of  Irvin. 
1.  In  tyme  of  Allaster  Mackdonald.  2.  In  time  of  ye 
Sectaries  *  prevailing  after  ye  defeat  at  Hamilton. 


1.  In  ye  tyme  of  Allaster  Mackdonald. 


s.    d. 


Imprimis.  For  my  charges  87  dayes  in  Kil- 
marnock, quhill  I  was  summoned  before  ye 
Comittie, 005  00  00 

Item,  my  fyne  which  I  payed  by  order  of 
Comittie,  after  much  intercession  of  miti- 
gation    053  06  08 

Item,  for  redemption  of  my  goods  taken  by 
Captain  Muir  and  his  sogurs  quhill  I  was 
inarched  to  Glasgow 018  00  00 

Item,  my  charges  quhill  I  was  summoned 

before  ye  Comittie  in  Glasgow  .  .  .006  00  00 

Item,  for  ane  horse  and  man  to  come  to  me 
to  Kirkudbright,  quhill  I  was  summoned  to 
ye  Comittie  at  Edinburgh  .  .  .  .  006  00  00 

Item,  for  an  horse  which  I  was  necessitat  for 
to  buy,  not  finding  any  to  hyr,  in  a  storm, 
for  my  carrying  to  Edinburgh,  and  which 
die*d  by  ye  way  in  my  returne  .  .  .  055  00  00 

Item,  being  fyned  in  Edinburgh  by  ye  Comit- 
tie there  in  500/6.,  which,  by  the  interces- 
sion of  friends,  was  past,  I  was  partly  in 
charges,  partly  to  the  Clerk,  being  in  Edin- 
burgh twenty-three  days,  above  .  .  038  00  00 

Item,  after  my  horse  diet,  or  a  horse  to  carry 
me  home,  and  charges  .  .  .  .  003  00  00 

Summa    .    184  06  08 

2.  In  ye  tyme  of  ye  Sectaries,  after  the  break  and  defeat 
at  Hamilton. 

Ib.    s.    d. 

Imprimis.  Ane  fedderbed  and  its  furnitour  to 
ye  garisoune  in  Eglintoun,  which  I  never 
got  back  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  030  00  00 

Item,  wared  out  on  two  sogurs  under  the 
bloudie  flux,  and  brought  from  the  gar- 
risoune  in  Eglintoun  and  laid  on  my  wyfe 
in  my  absence,  and  on  Carlan  Wilson,  that 
with  others  came  every  day  to  them  and 
caused  bring  sack  and  sugar,  molasses,  and 
other  necessaries 040  00  00 

Item,  seven  dozen  of  Ireland  bords,  also  brod 
as  dealls,  which  twentie-fyfe,  the  night 
they  were  quartered  upon  me,  tooke  out  of 
my  cellar .  042  00  00 

Item,  nyne  dealls  which  they  wailed  from 
amongst  the  rest 006  00  00 

Item,  three  pair  of  new  plaids,  at  16/6.  the  pair 
which  they  tooke  as  their  owne  .  •  048  00  00 

Item,  above  20  water  bolls  of  salt,  lost  by 
their  horses  put  in  the  cellar,  where  it  was, 

*  The  Cromwellian  Puritans  were  called  Sectaries  in 
Scotland. 


472 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3*4  S.  V.  JUNE  11,  '64. 


and  they  had  the  kea  with  them  eight     Ib.    s.    d. 

dayes  while  they  went  to  the  garisoune  of 

Eglintoun 100  00  00 

Item,  nyn  bolls  meal,  in  three  hogsheads, 

taken    away  by  them    and  eaten  in  ye 

quarters      .       • 090  00  00 

Item,  four  great  barrels  of  buiter  desposed  on 

by  them  in  the  lyk  manner  .  .  .  100  00  00 
Item,  two  carcashes  of  beef  newlie  salted  .  024  00  00 
Item,  threttie  stone  of  iron,  taken  by  them 

out  of  my  cellar 060  00  00 

Item,  the  iron  slanders  out  of  my  house  on  the 

hill,  value  to 012  00  00 

Item,  twal  aiken  loafts  qulk  they  tooke  and 

made  fyrewood  to  ye  gaard 
Item,  four  tries,  which  cost    .... 


Summa 
Summa  totalis 


.    627  06  08 
.    811  13  04 


"  The  particular  disbursements  and  losses  above  written, 
I,  the  above-named  John  Dunlop,  sustained,  over  and 
above  other  losses  and  chairges,  in  my  crop  and  other- 
ways,  common  and  incedentto  me  with  other  inhabitants, 
and  which,  though  promesed  long  ago  to  be  refoundid, 
according  to  the  abilities  of  the  place  in  a  fair  way,  were 
never  as  yet  taken  in  serious  consideration,  and"  which 
I  should  not  now  trouble  the  counsel  de  novo  with,  not- 
withstanding of  all  my  losses  or  other  straits,  war  it  not, 
I  humbly  expect  they  will,  without  farder  delay,  consider 
of  the  samen,  and  give  my  former  supplication  a  favour- 
able answer." 

N.B.  —  The  poor  Baillie  appears  to  have  been  out  of 
the  frying-pan  into  the  fire,  between  the  Highlanders  and 
the  Sectaries  —  plundered  by  both  parties.  Of  the  two, 
the  Highlanders  appear  to  "have  been  more  moderate 
than  the  Saints.  Indeed,  they  seem  at  least  to  have  had 
some  appearance  of  regularity  in  their  proceedings. 

The  following  interesting  documents  have  been  dis- 
covered to  be  among  the  Irvine  papers :  — 

"1st.  Discharge  by  the  Earl  of  Rothes,  the  Abbots  of 
Whithorn,  Arbroath,  &c.,  as  Lords  Compositors,  to  the 
Bailies  of  Irving  for  composition  of  £33  6*.  8d.,  for  the 
Raid  of  Solway.  Dated  at  Air,  12  Feb.,  1529. 

"  2nd.  Licence  and  warrant  by  Queen  Mary,  under  the 
hand  of  the  Regent,  Earl  of  Arran,  as  her  tutor,  narrating 
that  'for  the  composition  of  said  scoir  pundis  of  our 
realm,  has  grantit,  given  licence  to  our  lovittes,  the  pro- 
vist,  bailyies,  and  hale  communitie  of  our  burgh  of  Irvine, 
to  remane  and  byed  at  hame  from  our  oist  and  army  de- 
visit  to  convene  at  Roslene  Muire,  the  XX  day  of  October 
instant,  for  resisting  of  our  auld  inemeas  of  Ingland,  and 
recovering  of  the  forts  of  our  realme,  presentlie  in  their 
handis.'— It  farther  narrates  that  the  provist  and  bailyies 
had  paid  the  composition,  and  that  the  inhabitants  had 
delayed  to  repay  the  same.  The  Regent  therefore  grants 
to  « command  and  charge  all  and  sundrie,  the  burgesses, 
mhabitantes,  wedies,  alsweell  women  as  men,  « to  relief 
and  mak  thankfull  payment  to  the  saides  provost  and 
bailyies  of  the  foresaid  compositione,  within  thre  days 
next  after  they  be  chargit,  under  the  pane  of  rebellione 
and  putting  of  thame  to  our  home.'— Dated  at  Hamilton, 
>  Oct.,  7  year  of  the  Queen's  reign,  1549. 

"3rd.  Discharge  by  Alexander,  Earl  of  Glencairn, 
commonly  called  the  Good  Ear],  to  the  burgh  of  Irvine, 
for  £52  6s.  8d.  for  furnishing  men  for  recovering  the 
Castle  of  Dumbarton.— Dated  at  Finlayston,  27th  Dec., 
1569. 

"  4th.  Letters  from  the  Earls  of  Mar  and  Gowrie,  the 
Abbots  of  Dryburgh,  Cambuskenneth,  &c.,  to  the  Provost 
and  Bailies  of  Irvine,  that  they  have  declared  their  mind 


to  the  Lord  Boyd,  to  be  shown  unto  them  in  some  mat- 
ters of  consequence,  tending  to  the  surtie  of  God's  true 
religion  and  professors  thereof,  the  welfair  of  the  King's 
Majesty,  and  commonwealthe  of  the  haill  realme,  where- 
anent  we  desire  you  affectiously  to  give  him  some  credit. — 
From  Stirling,  XXI  Sept.,  1584. 

"  5th.  Letter  from  James  VI.,  from  Castle  of  Stirling, 
5  Sept.,  1586,  intimating  alteration  of  day  of  meeting  of 
Convention  of  Estates. 

"  6th.  Letter  from  James  VI.  *  To  our  truist  friendia 
the  Provost,  Bailyies,  and  Counsel  of  our  burgh  of  Irving. 
Truist  friendis,  we  greet  you  heartlie  weell.  It  has 
pleasit  God  to  our  contentment,  and  we  ar  assurit  no- 
less  to  the  common  lyking  of  all  our  affectit  subjects, 
to  bless  with  appearance  of  successioun,  our  dearest  bed- 
fallow,  the  Queene,  being  with  child  and  near  the  tyme 
of  her  dely  verie.  Quhilk  and  other  weettie  affairs  giving 
occasion  of  a  mair  necessar  deliberation  and  adwyse  of 
oure  nobilitie  and  estattis  nor  at  ony  tyme  heirtofoir,  we 
have  thocht  meet  to  desyre  you  maist  earnestly  that 
3'ou  faill  not,  all  excuses  set  apairt,  to  address  your  Com- 
missioners towards  heir  at  our  Holyruid  Hoos,  the  XI 

day  of  Januar  next  to  cum,'  &c.,  &c From  Holyruid 

Hoos,  the  XVII  day  of  Dec.,  1593. 

"  7th.  Letters  from  Lords  Blantyre,  New  Bottle,  and 
others,  about  imposts  on  wyn. — 3  January,  1593. 

"  8th.  Letter  from  the  Marquis  of  Argyll,  9  Aug.,  1644, 
for  2000  weight  of  powder  for  the  service  of  the  Com- 
mittee of  Estates,  with  receipt  by  John  Campbell,  servant 
of  the  Marquis  for  the  same,  in  20  barrels. 

"  9th.  Paper  signed  by  Lord  Cochrane,  Cessnock,  Row- 
allane,  £c.,  bearing  that  Mr.  Robert  Barclay,  Provost  of 
Irving,  craved  payment  of  a  bed,  &c.— Dated  at  Kilmar- 
nock,  30  May,  1656." 

J.  M. 


"  LET  THE  DREADFUL  ENGINES." 
It  is  certainly  one  of  the  duties  of  Englishmen 
to  take  thought  for  the  memory  of  the  English 
Worthy,  and  I  wish  therefore  to  throw  in  my  mite 
towards  so  good  an  end,  by  calling  forth  a  me- 
mory of  the  admirable  composer  Henry  Purcell, 
in  connection  with  one  of  his  most  remarkable 
songs  ("  Let  the  dreadful  Engines  of  eternal 
Will ") ;  a  song  which  yet,  so  far  at  least  as  any 
public  performance  is  concerned,  has,  seemingly, 
gone  quite  out  of  hearing  and  of  mind. 

Several  years  ago,  conversing  with  Mr.  Ed- 
ward Taylor,  the  late  Gresham  Professor  of 
Music,  concerning  the  celebrated  base  singer, 
Mr.  Bartleman,  the  worthy  professor  told  me, 
with  great  gusto,  some  interesting  particulars  re- 
lative to  that  singer,  and  also  to  the  song  in  ques- 
tion. Subsequently,  I  met  with  a  paper  (in 
Fraser's  Magazine  for  August,  1853),  upon  Mr. 
Bartleman,  which  paper  I  take  for  granted  to 
have  been  written  by  Mr.  Taylor.  All  the  opi- 
nions and  particulars  concerning  the  song  and 
the  singer  are  there  reproduced,  and  in  the  style 
with  which  they  were  given  to  me.  I  will  there- 
fore extract  from  that  paper  in  preference  to 
offering  my  own  sketch  of  a  distant  conversation. 
It  should  be  premised  that  the  writer  is  speaking 
of  the  Ancient  Concerts,  and  of  Mr.  Bartleman's 
activity  in  bringing  forward  at  those  concerts  (in 


I 


3rd  S.  V.  JUNE  11,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


473 


the  year  1796),  some  of  the  most  striking  base 
songs  of  Purcell :  — 

"  At  the  ninth  concert  he  revived— or  rather  caused  to 
be  heard  for  the  first  time  — '  Let  the  dreadful  engines 
of  eternal  will.'  This  song,  written  for  the  character  of 
Cardenio,  in  Purcell's  opera  of  Don  Quixote,  demands  a 
combination  of  powers  on  the  part  of  the  singer,  which 
few,  if  any  songs,  require  in  a  like  degree.  Rage,  hatred, 
scorn,  pity,  love,  and  contempt,  find  their  most  vivid  and 
ardent  expression  in  this  extraordinary  composition, 
throughout  which  the  singer  has  the  accompaniment  of 
the  pianoforte  or  violoncello  only.  The  whole  effect 
must  be  produced,  if  it  be  produced,  by  his  unaided 
powers ;  and  it  was  a  test  to  which  few  had  cared,  and 
few  will  care,  to  subject  themselves.  The  result  must 
always  be  complete  success,  or  entire  failure.  Bartleman 
felt  that  he  was  equal  to  his  self-imposed  task.  He  had 
prepared  his  auditors  for  his  grandest  exhibition  of  Par- 
cell's  genius,  and  he  was  himself  prepared  to  display  it. 
In  the  course  of  his  career  many  critics  sat  in  judgment 
upon  him,  but  he  was  the  severest  of  them  all.  He  studied 
his  song  as  an  actor  would  study  one  of  Shakespeare's 
characters ;  he  became  the  person  that  he  represented ; 
he  entered  into  every  feeling,  thought,  and  emotion  of 
his  mind,  finding  for  each  the  most  emphatic  expression 
in  Purcell's  music ;  and  the  result  was,  that  the  song  was 
his,  and  his  alone:  Avith  Bartleman  it  was  born— with 
him  it  died." 

I  will  now  proceed  to  state  a  curious  circum- 
stance (not  at  all  touched  upon  by  Professor 
Taylor),  regarding  this  fine  song,  which  will  tend 
to  show  the  necessity  of  occasionally  considering 
the  proceedings  of  editors  and  others  as  to  the 
Worthies  of  England. 

It  is  certainly  much  to  be  regretted  that  objec- 
tionable words  are  so  often  to  be  found  with  old 
musical  compositions,  and  there  is  no  doubt  that 
the  presence  of  several  coarse  thoughts  and  words 
in  the  last  movement  but  one  of  "  Let  the  dread- 
ful engines,"  has  been  the  cause  of  that  move- 
ment being  omitted  in  modern  editions,  and  with 
it,  of  a  necessity,  the  very  last  movement  also. 
Those  whose  knowledge  of  Purcell's  secular  music 
is  only  derived  from  the  Selections  of  Mr.  Corfe 
and  Dr.  Clarke,  will  find,  upon  coming  to  the 
words, 

"  Since  nothing  can  prevail," 

which  close  a  certain  movement  of  "Let  the 
dreadful  Engines,"  a  direction  to  the  singer  to 
terminate  the  song  by  repeating  an  inner  move- 
ment, beginning  — 

M  Can  nothing  warm  me," 

which  movement  does  indeed  close  the  composi- 
tion very  well,  and  simply  appears  to  be  some- 
thing of  the  Da  Capo,  used  so  much  in  ancient 
music,  and  which  is  one  of  the  sources  of  a  cer- 
tain degree  of  stiffness  and  formality,  as  well  as 
of  stateliness.  Now,  if  we  look  into  the  early 
editions  of  this  "  mad  song,"  that,  for  instance,  of 
1694,  or  the  reprint  in  the  Orpheus  Britannicus, 
published  for  Purcell's  widow,  we  shall  find 
nothing  of  the  Da  Capo,  but,  after  the  words 
"  since  nothing  can  prevail,"  two  new  movements 


follow,   quite  different  to  any  of  the  preceding 

ones,  and  the  last,  upon  the  words  — 

«  And  so  I  fairly  bid  them,  and  the  World,  Good  Night," 

closing  the  whole  in  a  very  impressive  and  un- 
xpected  manner. 

It  will  be  easily  perceived  how  great  an  injus- 
tice may  have  been  done  to  Purcell  by  these 
seculiar  proceedings  of  the  editors,  and  it  might 
:>ccur  to  us  that  it  would  have  been  a  very  ob- 
vious course  to  have  had  the  objectionable  words 
and  thoughts  superseded  by  others,  written  in  a 
better  taste,  and  thus  preserve  the  music  intact. 
Instead  of  that,  Purcell's  two  last  movements 
(still  carrying  out  the  idea  of  constant  variation 
in  Cardenio's  mind,  and  thus  carrying  out  to  the 
very  end  of  the  song  its  dramatic  propriety),  are 
ruthlessly  cut  away,  and  the  comparative  stiffness 
and  formality  of  the  Da  Capo  silently  substituted. 

Having  been  very  lately  led  to  reconsider  all 
these  things  in  their  bearing  upon  the  just  fame 
of  Purcell,  I  have  resorted  to  MR.  W.  H.  HUSK 
for  some  of  the  information  which  that  gentleman 
is  always  so  kindly  ready  to  impart  in  connexion 
with  music  and  musicians.  In  this  case,  I  par- 
ticularly wished  to  ascertain  how  "  Let  the  dread- 
ful Engines "  had  been  given  by  Mr.  Bartleman, 
at  the  Ancient  Concerts.  It  appeared,  and  upon 
the  authority  of  the  Ancient  Concert  Word-boohs, 
that  Mr.  Bartleman  had  sung  the  song  at  least 
half  a  dozen  times  (between  1796  and  1802),  at 
the  Ancient  Concerts  ;  and,  strange  to  say,  it^also 
appeared  that,  in  every  instance,  the  composition 
had  been  treated  Da  Capo  fashion. 

MR.  HUSK,  also  put  me  in  possession  of  the 
interesting  fact,  that  the  song,  after  having  long 
slumbered  at  the  Ancient  Concerts,  was  revived 
by  Mr.  Braham  at  one  of  those  concerts  (Wed- 
nesday, May  6th,  1835),  when  it  was  given  by 
him  in  its  completeness  as  to  the  music,  the  most 
objectionable  words  and  phrases  having  been  ex- 
punged for  a  new  version.  Whether  the  music 
has  ever  been  printed  as  thus  given  by  Mr.  Bra- 
ham,  I  am  not  at  present  aware,  but  I  trust,  in  a 
subsequent  paper,  to  revert  to  the  subject  of  this 
particular  song,  and  of  sundry  points  connected 
with  it.  ALFRED  ROFFE. 

Somers  Town. 


JOSEPH  LESURQUES. 

The  case  of  this  unfortunate  man  has  once 
more  been  before  the  French  Chambers;  and 
although  it  is  sixty  years  old,  it  has  excited  much 
public  attention.  It  is  the  most  remarkable  case 
of  mistaken  identity  upon  record,  and  some  notice 
of  it  may  be  worthy  of  a  place  in  your  columns. 
He  was  executed  in  1794  for  the  alleged  crimes 
of  robbing  the  Lyons  Mail,  and  murdering  the 
courier,  but  under  circumstances  of  doubt  and 


474 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[3*a  S.  V.  JUNE  11,  '64. 


difficulty  which  would  have  rendered  his  convic- 
tion at  the  present  time  impossible.  The  case 
has  been  made  subservient  to  the  purposes  of  the 
novelist  and  the  dramatist  both  in  France  and 
England;  but  even  their  invention  could  add 
nothing  to  the  horrible  interest  of  the  naked  facts. 
The  story  was  elaborated  in  Blackwood  under  the 
title  of  "  Lesurques  ;  a  Judicial  Error ;  "  but  the 
details  are  faithfully  given  in  one  of  Chambers's 
Tracts,—"  Circumstantial  Evidence ;  the  Lyons 
Courier."  The  tragical  history  is  in  substance 
soon  told.  In  1794,  the  Lyons  mail  was  robbed 
of  above  54,000  francs  and  the  courier  brutally 
murdered,  and  it  appears  that  four  persons  were 
concerned  in  the  crime.  Lesurques  fell  a  victim 
to  his  close  resemblance  to  one  of  the  murderers, 
not  only  in  stature,  in  features,  and  in  complexion, 
but  even  in  certain  marks  on  the  face,  on  the 
hand,  and  on  the  body.  He  was  executed,  pro- 
testing his  innocence,  and  his  innocence  was  also 
asserted  by  some  of  the  actual  perpetrators  of  the 
crime  who  suffered  with  him.  His  property  was 
confiscated  to  repay  the  Treasury  for  the  sum 
lost,  and  his  family  reduced  to  beggary.  His 
wife  shortly  after  committed  suicide;  his  son 
joined  the  grand  army  and  perished  in  the  snows 
of  Russia.  One  of  his  daughters  made  a  desperate 
effort  to  obtain  restitution,  after  the  innocence  of 
the  father  had  been  established  by  the  discovery 
of  the  actual  murderer,  a  man  of  the  name  of 
Dubosq,  to  whom  Lesurques  had  borne  so  fatal  a 
resemblance,  but  she  failed,  and  drowned  herself 
in  the  Seine  on  the  morning  after  the  rejection 
of  her  claims  by  the  Chambers,  and  the  second 
daughter  died  in  a  madhouse. 

The  claim  of  restitution  has  not  been  permitted 
to  sleep.  Something  had  bee,n  done  by  previous 
governments,  by  paying  small  portions  of  the  in- 
demnity ;  but  the  present  motion,  made  by  the 
Baron  de  Janze,  was  for  restoration  of  the  54,585 
francs,  together  with  interest  since  the  year  1794. 
The  motion  opened  up  a  discussion  on  tbe  whole 
case,  and  both  M.  de  Janze,  M.  Clary,  and  M. 
Jules  Favre  ably  supported  the  claim,  and  re- 
capitulated the  evidence  of  the  Courts,  and  it  was 
eventually  assented  to  by  113  against  112.  For 
more  than  sixty  years  the  law  has  refused  to  do  a 
full  measure  of  justice,  and  the  doing  it  now  will 
be  an  act  exceedingly  popular. 

The  whole  of  the  proceedings  in  this  case  are 
very  instructive,  showing  how  fallible  in  judgment 
are  human  tribunals,  but  particularly  in  showing 
the  contrast  between  the  jurisprudence  of  France 
at  that  time  and  at  this,  and  in  fact  indicating  the 
general  improvement  in  the  administration  of  the 
criminal  law  within  this  century.  I  believe,  that 
with  the  evidence  adduced  upon  which  Lesurques 
was  condemned  and  executed,  no  court  of  law  in 
Europe  would  now  pass  a  sentence  of  death,  and 
certainly  such  sentence  would  not  be  carried 


into  effect.  It  is  by  recurrence  to  such  facts  that 
we  are  able  to  measure  the  steps  of  progress  and 
the  advance  of  true  civilization.  T.  B. 


BHUTAN'S  TOMB  IN  BUNHILL  FIELDS. 

I  have  just  discovered,  in  the  handwriting  of  Dr. 
Richard  Rawlinson,  LL.D.,  a  copy  of  the  inscrip- 
tion which  formerly  existed  on  the  tomb  in  which 
was  interred  the  author  of  the  Pilgrim? s  Progress; 
and  as  it  appears  to  me  highly  important — differing 
in  the  day  of  his  death  and  the  years  of  his  age 
from  every  printed  biography  —  I  beg  to  present 
it  literatim  to  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."  :  — 

"  BUNHILL  FIELDS. 

On  a  Tomb. 
"  Here  lies  the  body  of  Mr.  John  Strudwick, 

aged  43  years,  who  dyed  the  15  day 

of  Jan.  1697.    Also  the  body  "of  Mrs  Phoebe  Bragge, 

who  died  the  15  July,  1718. 

Here  also  lies  the  body  of  the 

Kev.  ROB.  BRAGGE, 

Minister  of  the  Gospel,  who  departed 

this  life  February  the  12th,  1737,  aetatis  70. 

Here  lyes  the  body 

of  Mr  JOHN  BUNYAN, 

author  of  the  Pilgrim's 

Progress,  aged  59, 

who  dyed  Aug. 

17,1688." 

Most  biographers  state  that  Bunyan  died  at 
the  house  of  his  friend  Mr.  Strudwick,  of  Snow 
Hill,  London,  on  Aug.  31,  1688,  in  his  sixty-first 
year,  and  was  buried  in  that  friend's  vault  in 
Bunhill  Fields.  Rawlinson  (ob.  1755)  copied 
this  inscription  when  it  must  have  been  com- 
paratively new,  and  incorporated  it  among  his 
MS.  additions  to  the  List  of  Inscriptions,  SfC.  in 
the  Dissenters'  Burial  Place  near  Bunhill  Fieldst 
published  by  Curll  in  1717;  his  copy  of  which  is 
now  preserved  in  the  Bodleian  Library. 

H.  J.  S. 


ASCOT  RACES  FORTY  YEARS  AGO.  — 

"  Nobilis,  en,  sonipes  viridis  legit  aequora  campi, 

Carpit  iter  rapidis  ocyor  ille  Notis  ; 
Sed  quis  vitalem  spiravit  naribus  auram, 
Et  fecit  pectus  luxuriare  toris?  " 

These  lines  came  out  at  Eton  during  the  Ascot 
week  some  time  in  the  rei<p  of  George  IV.  Those 
races  always  inspire  great  interest  at  Eton,  owing 
to  its  vicinity  to  the  heath  ;  but  the  same  has  be- 
come less  exciting  since  the  institution  of  the 
new  police,  and  the  suppression  of  public  gam- 
bling in  Windsor  and  on  the  course.  Moreover, 
the  king  used  to  make  a  point  of  attending  every- 
day, and  the  sports  usually  concluded  with  a  pugi- 
listic contest  or  two,  for  love  or  for  money.  Yet 
the  company  was  more  select  than  it  is  now ;  the 
"  roughs,"  who  come  from  all  quarters  by  the  rail- 
ways, could  not  then  afford  the  expense. 


3'd  S.  V.  JUNE  11,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


475 


T  he  ladies  used  to  descend  from  their  carriages 
between  the  races,  and  promenade  on  the  course 
in  front  of  the  Grand  Stand.  If  Gibbon  could 
have  been  at  Ascot  in  those  days,  he  would  have 
been  even  more  struck  than  he  says  he  was  at 
Winchester,  with  "the  splendour  of  the  carriages, 
the  beauty  of  the  horses,  and  the  gay  tumult  of  the 
numerous  spectators."  (Memoirs  of  his  Life  and 
Writings.}  W.  D. 

EPITAPHS  ON  CATS.  —  As  an  accompaniment  to 
the  Epitaphs  on  Dogs,  inserted  in  "  N.  &  Q."  3rd  S. 
v.  416,  I  send  .you  the  following  one,  placed  over 
a  favourite  French-Persian  cat,  named  Mouton, 
from  his  gentle  disposition  :  — 

"  Ci  repose  pauvre  Mouton, 
Qai  jaraais  ne  fut  glouton  ; 
J'espere  bien  que  le  roi  Pluton, 
Lui  donnerabon  gite  et  crouton." 

M.  M. 

DATE  or  THE  DEATH  OF  LORD  JEFFREY.  —  In 
Dr.  Smith's  edition  of  Shaw's  History  of  English 
Literature,  p.  487,  it  is  stated  that  Jeffrey  died  in 
1829.  This  is,  of  course,  only  a  clerical  error, 
but  it  may  save  some  searching  if  the  true  date, 
Jan.  26,  1850,  be  given  in  "  N.  &  Q." 

P.  J.  T.  GANTILLON. 

ARISTOTLE'S  POLITICS.  —  Mr.  Lewes,  in  his  re- 
cent work  on  Aristotle,  says  (p.  18),  — 

"  He  wrote  on  Politics,  giving  the  outlines  of  two  hun- 
dred and  fifty-five  constitutions  ;  even  the  little  treatise  on 
that  subject,  which  is  still  extant,  is  thought  to  be  one  of 
the  very  best  works  yet  written,  and  Dr.  Arnold,  who 
knew  it  by  heart,  declared  that  he  found  it  of  daily  service 
in  its  application  to  our  time." 

As  it  is  totally  wrong  to  say  that  Aristotle  gives 
the  outlines  of  255  constitutions,  I  desire  to  know 
what  Mr.  Lewes  means.  Does  he  mean  255  pages 
on  constitutions  ?  He  is  not  correct  either  in  de- 
scribing the  Politics  as  a  little  treatise,  for  it  con- 
sists of  eight  books,  and  Walford's  translation 
occupies  286  pages  in  Bonn's  edition.  Notwith- 
standing Arnold.'s  great  attachment  to  Aristotle,  I 
think  we  must  limit  the  portion  he  committed  to 
memory  to  the  eighth  book,  a  fragment  on  the 
education  of  youth,  upon  which  the  Doctor  based 
some  of  the  specialties  of  his  system  at  Rugby.  It 
was  not  in  the  Rugby  course  of  study. 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 


«  *  ~~  Some    numbers    back 

£J.  &  Q.  contained  the  amusing  answer  of  a 
Highland  fool  to  a  person  wishing  to  find  a  ford. 
The  original  of  this  is  at  least  two  hundred  years 
old.  See  Facetice  Beleliance,  1660,  p.  238  :  — 

"  Idem  cum  juxta  Salam,  memorabile  apud  historicos 

yermaniae  flumen,  obequitaret,  fuit  interrogatus  ab  eo  qui 

n  adversa  parte  fluminis  equitabat,  ubi  flumen  vadari 

posset?    Respondit,  ubique  bene.    Ille  autem  verbis  fatui 

em  habens,  cum  in  flumen  equum  adegisset,  profundi- 

illius  peue  absorptus  est  :  et  cum  tandem  zegre  flumen 

superasset,  quresivit  indignanter  cur  se  decepisset?     Ad 


hoc  fatuus.  O  fatue  et  homo  nihili,  anates  illoc  hue  ad 
me  natarunt  illaesae,  tarn  infirmum  scilicet  animal,  et  tu 
cum  tanto  caballo  non  potes  !  " 

O.  T.  D. 

ORIGIN  OF  PRIOR'S  "  THIEF  AND  CORDELIER." 
—  This  famous  song  is  evidently  borrowed  from  a 
Latin  epigram  given  in  Scott's  Epigrams  of  Mar- 
tial, fyc.  (1773,  p.  67.)  It  runs  thus  :  — 

"  In  Bardellam  Latronem  Mantuanum. 

"Bardellam  monachus  solans  in  morte  latronem, 

*  Euge  !  tibi  in  ccelo  coena  paratur  '  ait  : 
Respondit  Bardella  'Hodie  jejunia  servo  ; 
Coenabis  nostro,  si  libet,  ipse  loco.'  " 


Can  any  of  the  readers  of  " 
to  the  author  of  the  above  ? 
Poets'  Corner. 


.  &  Q.,"  refer  me 
A.  A. 


RAINE'S  MARRIAGE  PORTION  OF  £100.  —  On 
Monday  the  2nd  of  May  last,  May-day  falling  on 
the  Sunday,  the  proceedings  in  connection  with 
this  charity  were  carried  out.  As  I  do  not  re- 
member any  notice  of  this  remarkable  bequest  in 
the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."  I  beg  to  hand  the  follow- 
ing statement  for  your  acceptance.  It  will,  I 
think,  be  considered  worthy  of  preservation.  Mr. 
Henry  Raine  was  a  brewer  in  the  parish  of  St. 
George-in-the-East,  Middlesex.  In  the  year  1719 
he  erected  some  schools  in  a  place  now  known  as 
Charles  Street,  Old  Gravel  Lane,  and  which  are 
called  the  "  Lower  Schools."  These  schools  were 
intended  for  fifty  boys  and  fifty  girls.  In  1736  he 
extended  the  charity  by  the  endowment  of  a  new 
school  called  "  The  Asylum,"  and  in  this  school 
forty  of  the  girls  chosen  from  the  Lower  School, 
and  who  have  been  in  it  for  a  period  of  not  less 
than  two  years,  are  maintained,  clothed,  and  edu- 
cated. Ten  are  elected  into  it  every  year,  and 
after  having  been  there  four  years,  during  the  last 
of  which  they  are  instructed  in  the  duties  of  do- 
mestic servants,  they  go  out  to  service.  At  the 
age  of  twenty-two,  those  who  have  been  out  to 
service,  after  being  the  proper  time  in  school,  are 
eligible  to  become  candidates  for  the  marriage 
portion  of  one  hundred  pounds.  This  marriage 
portion  constitutes  the  peculiarity  of  the  bequest. 
It  is  given  to  those  young  women  who  having  re- 
ceived the  required  education  in  the  schools,  and 
having  attained  the  age  of  twenty-  two  years  shall, 
by  the  masters  and  mistresses  whom  they  have 
served  be  best  recommended  for  their  piety  and 
industry.  This  ceremony  takes  place  every^  year, 
and  the  celebration  creates  much  interest  in  the 
neighbourhood.  Amongst  the  noble  acts  of  bene- 
volence of  which  we  have  in  this  country  so  many 
substantial  records,  I  do  not  remember  to  have 
heard  of  another  of  this  character.  T.  B. 

HORACE  NOT  AN  OLD  WOMAN.—-  The  Daily 
Telegraph  of  last  week  begins  an  article  thus  :  — 
"  Make  money,  my  son,  honestly  if  you  can,  but 


476 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  JUNE  11, 


make  money.     The  worthy  old  woman  who  gave 
this  advice  to  an  aspiring  boy,"  &c. 

Our  daily  contemporary  forgot  that  this  passage 
is  ascribable  to  Horace  —  by  no  means  "  an  old 
woman." 

It  is  to  be  found  in  the  first  epistle  of  the  first 
Book  of  Epistles  (vv.  65,  66),  as  most  men  know. 

"...  Rem  facias ;  rem, 
Si  possis  recte,  si  non,  quocunque  modo,  rem." 

H.  C.  C. 


COLONEL  JOHN  MORICE,  OR  MORRIS. 

Wanted,  any  particulars  respecting  the  family 
of  Colonel  John  Morice,  or  Morris,  Governor  of 
Pontefract  Castle,  in  1648.  I  have  the  following 
very  imperfect  pedigree,  in  which,  perhaps,  some 
correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q."  will  kindly  enable 
me  to  fill  up  the  blanks :  — 

Edward  Morice,  or  Morris,  of  Elmsall,  Com. 

Ebor.,  born  ,  married ,  died .     His 

son,  Robert  Morice,  or  Morris,  of  Elmsall,  born 
,  married ,  died . 

His  son  Nicholas  Morice  or  Morris,  of  Elmsall, 

born ,  died ,  having  married ,  Lucy, 

daughter  and  heiress  of  John  Latham,  of  Carleton 
Hall,  near  Pontefract,  by  whom  he  had  four  sons, 
Thomas,  Edward,  Eichard,  and  John.  Thomas 

Morice  or  Morris  of  Elmsall,  born ,  d , 

having  jammed ,  Barbara  *,  daughter  of  John 

Wentworth,  of  North  Elmsall,  Esq.,  by  whom  he 
had  issue  — 

Matthias  Morice,  or  Morris,  of  Elmsall,  born 

,    died   ,    having    married,    1st,    , 

daughter  of  John  Brighouse,  of  Newark,  com. 
Nott.,  Esq.,  by  whom  he  had  issue  John,  Nicholas, 
Edward,  Eliza,  and  Ann.  2.  —  Jane,  daughter 
of  George  Holgate,  of  Grimthorp,  com.  Ebor., 
by  whom  he  had  issue  Matthias,  Wentworth, 
Richard,  and  John. 

His  eldest  son  John  was  born  in  1620  or  1621 ; 
Governor  of  Pontefract  Castle  1648;  executed 
at  York,  August  23,  1649,  and  buried  at  Went- 
worth. He  married Margery,  daughter  of 

Dr.  Robt.  Dawson,  Bishop  of  Clonfert  and  Kil- 
mackdough,  in  Ireland,  by  whom  (who  remarried 

Jonas  Buckley)  he  had  issue  Robert,  born 

: — -,  died  1676  (s.  p.) ;  John,  born ,  died  in 

in  infancy ;  Mary,  born ,  died (s.  p.), 

having  been  twice  married ;  and  Castilian  Mor- 
ris f,  Town  Clerk  of  Leeds,  born  ,  died  De- 


*  Was  Barbara  Wentworth  of  the  same  family  asThos 
Wentworth,  Earl  of  Strafford,  in  whose  household  her 
grandson,  Col.  John  Morris,  was  brought  up? 

t  Who  was  the  Rev. Morris,  Vicar  of  Aldborough, 

to  whom  Castilian  Morris  sent  a  transcript  of  his  father's 
trial,  and  some  passages  relating  to  his  death  and  suf- 
ferings, the  letter  accompanying  them  being  dated  Leeds 
June  18,  1702,  and  signed  "  Your  affectionate  Cozen,  and 
humble  Servant,  CASTILIAN  MOBRIS." 


cember  18,  1702,  having  married,  1st,  Annabella, 
daughter  of  William  Ashenden,  of  Leeds,  gent., 

who  died  1677,  leaving  one  son,  John ;  2nd. 

Mary,  daughter  of  George  Jackson,  of  Leeds, 
merchant,  by  whom  he  had  issue  George,  James, 
and  Castilian,  born  and  buried  at  Leeds ;  Cas- 
tilian, born  1692  ;  Robert,  born  1679  ;  Ann,  born 
,  married  Willm.  Sykes  of  Stockholm,  mer- 
chant ;  Ellenor  *,  born ,  married  , 

Richard  Sharp,  of  Leeds,  died  1743  ;  Mary,  Eliz- 
abeth, and  Margaret. 

John  Morris,  of  Leeds,  only  son  of  Castilian 

Morris  by  his  first  wife ,  born ,  died  1709, 

having  married  Martha,  daughter  of  

Chaloner  of  Baildon,  and  by  her  had  two 

daughters,  Arabella  and  Martha. 

I  have  a  memorandum  that  — 

"In  August,  1754,  Dan1.  Williamson,  Painter  in  Leeds, 
copied  for  Mr.  Thomas  Wilson  of  Leeds,  the  south  Pros- 
pect of  Pontefract  Castle,  and  the  parish  church,  from  an 
original  painting,  painted  at  the  expense  of  Col.  Morris, 
Governor  of  that  Castle  in  1648,  before  the  superb  fabricks 
were  demolished.  Mrs.  Frankland  of  Leeds,  great-grand- 
daughter to  the  Colonel,  has  the  original  prospect,  and 
also  the  Colonel's  lady's  picture.  Dr.  Francis  Drake,  of 
York,  has  the  Colonel's  picture,  which  Mr.  Thomas  Wil- 
son purchased  for  him  of  Mrs.  Sharp,  of  Leeds,  the  Colo- 
nel's granddaughter,  for  four  guineas." 

Are  these  pictures  still  in  existence  ?  and  if  so, 
where  ?  Whose  daughter  was  Mrs.  Frankland  ? 
and  was  Mr.  Thomas  Wilson  in  any  way  related 
to  or  connected  with  the  family  of  Colonel  Mor- 
ris ?  Answers  to  these  queries,  or  any  further 
information  respecting  Col.  Morris  himself,  or  any 
of  his  family,  will  greatly  oblige  M.  S. 


THE  OLD  CATHEDRAL  OF  BOULOGNE. 

It  is  well  known  that  among  the  English  resi- 
dents in  France  during  this  and  the  preceding 
century,  several,  possessed  of  the  faculty  of  draw- 
ing, have  at  various  times  taken  views,  not  only 
of  the  scenery,  but  also  of  the  buildings  of  that 
country.  This  circumstance  may  often  render 
the  portfolio  of  an  English  amateur,  or  artist, 
valuable  to  French  antiquaries,  since  there  may 
be  preserved  in  them  views  of  things  more  likely 
to  be  properly  appreciated  by  a  foreigner  than  by 
a  native. 

An  exemplification  of  this  exists  in  the  case  of 
Boulogne- sur-Mer.  Many  of  the  ancient  build- 
ings of  that  town  have  disappeared  during  the 
troubles  of  the  great  Revolution,  and  the  Van- 
dalism of  the  early  part  of  the  nineteenth  cen- 
tury ;  but  sketches  of  them,  more  or  less  accurate, 


*  Is  Mrs.  Sharp's  Christian  name  rightly  stated  to 
lave  been  Ellenor  ?  and  if  so,  whose  daughter  was 
Eleanor  Morris,  said  to  have  been  a  granddaughter  of 
Col.  Morris,  and  who  must  have  been  about  the  same 
age,  as  she  was  married  first,  April  20,  1720,  and  a  second 
ime  about  1743,  and  died  Jan.  3, 1770. 


3'd  S.  V.  JUNE  11,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


477 


have  been  found  in  the  collections  of  English 
amateurs,  have  been  shown  to  the  authorities  of 
Boulogne,  and  have  been  highly  appreciated  by 
them,  as  illustrating  the  history  of  their  town,  of 
which  they  are  justly  proud.  Several  views  of 
the  Haute  Ville  of  this  kind  are  in  high  estima- 
tion among  French,  and  especially  Boulonnese 
antiquaries.  One  of  the  most  interesting  edi- 
fices of  old  Boulogne  was  the  Cathedral,  which  of 
late  years  has  totally  disappeared,  and  been  re- 
placed by  the  modern  one  —  a  sumptuous  pile 
certainly,  but  of  course  devoid  as  yet  of  historical 
interest.  No  view  of  the  old  Cathedral  of  Bou- 
logne is  known  to  exist  in  France  ;  but  it  is  con- 
sidered possible  that  among  accomplished  English 
travellers,  of  the  times  just  anterior  to  the  Great 
Revolution,  some  one  may  have  made  a  sketch  of 
it,  or  have  preserved  some  trace  of  its  form. 

I  have  been  requested  by  the  learned  Keeper 
of  the  Archives  of  Boulogne  —  M.  L' Abbe  Haig- 
nere — to  propose  to  your  readers  and  correspon- 
dents a  search  for  drawings  of  this  or  any  other 
of  the  ancient  buildings  of  Boulogne ;  and  I  am 
desired  to  state  that  the  communication  of  them 
to  the  municipality  of  the  town  will  be  duly  and 
gratefully  appreciated. 

I  take  this  opportunity  of  informing  your 
readers,  if  they  are  not  previously  aware  of  the 
fact,  that  the  Public  Library  of  Boulogne,  under 
the  guardianship  of  M.  Gerard,  a  gentleman*  of 
singular  learning  and  urbanity,  is  very  rich  and 
extensive ;  and  that  its  MSS.  of  the  eleventh, 
twelfth,  and  thirteenth  centuries,  have  an  Euro- 
pean reputation  for  their  great  beauty  and  rarity. 
The  library  is  open  to  all  students,  and  every 
facility  is  given  for  the  consulting  and  copying  of 
the  treasures  it  contains,  to  an  extent  and  in  a 
manner  totally  unknown,  but  which  may  well  be 
imitated,  in  England.  The  same  observation  may 
indeed  be  extended  to  the  libraries  of  Amiens, 
Rouen,  and  other  large  cities  in  the  north  of —  I 
might  rather  say  all  over  France. 

H.   LONGUEVILLE    JoNES. 

Conway. 


ANECDOTE.  -— 1  have  somewhere  read  an  anec- 
dote of  an  eminent  man  who  excused  himself  for 
gathering  a  peach  from  a  friend's  garden  wall  by 
an  impromptu  rhyme,  which  his  companion  deemed 
a  sufficient  justification  of  the  act  of  petty  larceny. 
Will  some  one  refresh  my  memory  as  to  the  words 
of  the  distich  (I  think  it  was)  and  the  name  of  the 
author?  ST.  SWITUIN. 

BORROW  SUCKEN.— In  a  document  of  the  earlier 
part  of  Queen  Elizabeth's  reign,  a  person  is  de- 
scribed as  residing  at  "Borrow  Sucken  in  the 
countie  of  [Northampton."  lam  anxious  to  identify 
the  place.  K.  P.  D.  E. 


THE  EARL  OF  CLONMELL'S  "  DIARY." — Can  you 
furnish  me  with  any  particulars  of  a  volume  en- 
titled, I  believe,  The  Diary  of  John  Scott,  Earl 
of  Clonmell,  and  said  to  have  been  "  privately 
printed,"  near  the  end  of  the  last,  or  the  beginning 
of  the  present,  century  ?  I  have  never  met  with  a 
copy  of  the  book,  which,  as  I  presume,  is  "  very 
rare."  Has  any  description  of  it  appeared  in 
print?  and  in  what  collection  may  a  copy  be 
found  ?  Lord  Clonmell  was  a  distinguished  cha- 
racter. ABHBA. 

DUCHAYLA.  —  Will  MR.  DE  MORGAN,  who  has 
bestowed  so  much  attention  on  the  literature  of 
mathematics  and  its  practical  applications,  or  some 
other  well-informed  mathematician,  have  the  kind- 
ness to  inform  me  who  is  M.  Duchayla,  author  of 
the  celebrated  Proof  of  the  Parallelogram  of 
Forces,  mentioned  in  p.  7  of  J.  H.  Pratt's  Mathe- 
matical Principles  of  Mechanical  Philosophy r,  Cam- 
bridge, 1836;  and  also  in  p.  19  of  Isaac  Tod- 
hunter's  Treatise  on  Analytical  Statics,  Cambridge, 
1858, 2nd  ed.  ?  I  should  also  be  glad  to  know  when 
and  where  this  celebrated  "  proof"  was  first  pub- 
lished. The  name  of  Duchayla  is  not  to  be  found 
in  the  principal  biographical  dictionaries. 

MATHEMATICUS,  T.  C.  D. 

EXPEDIENT.  —  When  did  this  word  first  come 
into  use  ?  The  text,  Trdvra  p.oi  Qecmv,  oA\'  ov  irdvra 
orv/j.<pfpfi  (1  Cor.  vi.  12),  is  translated  by  Wyclif 
"Alle  thingis  ben  nedefui  to  me,  but  not  alle 
thingis  ben  spedeful."  By  Tyndale,  "  All  thinges 
are  lawfull  vnto  me :  but  all  thinges  are  not  pro- 
fittable."  Cranmer's  version  is,  "  I  maye  do  all 
thynges,  but  all  thynges  are  not  profitable."  The 
same  words  are  in  the  Genevan  version.  It  is  not 
till  that  of  Rheims  (A.D.  1582)  that  we  get  "Al 
things  are  lawful  for  me,  but  all  things  are  not 
expedient."  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

CAPTAIN  THOMAS  FORREST  published  — 

"A  Voyage  to  New  Guinea  and  the  Moluccas  from 
Balambanga  (1776-8),  including  an  Account  of  Magin- 
dano  Sooloo  and  other  Islands.  To  which  is  added  a 
Vocabulary  of  the  Magindano  Tongue.  Lond.  4to,  1779. 

•'  A  Treatise  on  the  Monsoons  in  the  East  Indies. 
Lond.  12mo,  1783 ;"  and 

"  A  Voyage  from  Calcutta  to  the  Mergui  Archipelago," 
&c.  &c.  London,  4to,  1792. 

A  translation  into  French  of  his  Voyage  to 
New  Guinea  and  the  Moluccas  appeared  at  Paris, 
4to,  1730. 

It  appears  that  he  was  born  in  or  about  1729 ; 
became  a  midshipman  in  the  navy  1745,  and  was 
senior  captain  of  the  East  India  Company's  marine 
at  Fort  Marlborough  in  1770. 

His  portrait,  engraved  in  1779  by  William 
Sharp  from  a  drawing  of  J.  K.  Sherwin,  is  pre- 
fixed to  both  his  Voyages.  Under  that  before 
his  second  voyage  is  this  inscription  :  — 


478 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3*aS.V.  JUNE  11, '64. 


"  Capt.  Thomas  Forrest,  Orcanyo  of  the  Golden  Sword. 
This  Chapp  was  conferred  as  a  mark  of  honor  in  the  City 
of  Atcheen  belonging  to  the  Faithfull  by  the  hands  of 
the  Shabander  (Officer  of  State)  of  Atcheen,  on  Captain 
Thomas  Forrest,  Gower  Street,  5th  Feb.  1790.  Trans- 
lated by  William  Marsden." 

I  shall  be  glad  to  be  informed  when  he  died. 
Perhaps  he  was  father  of  Thomas  Forrest,  Capt. 
R.N.,  who  died  Sept.  5,  1844,  aged  sixty-five. 

S.  Y.  R. 

GREEK  OR  SYRIAN  PRINCES.  —  In  examining 
the  records  of  the  borough  of  Leicester  for  the 
purpose  of  local  history  lately,  I  met  with  the 
following  entry :  — 

«  At  a  Common  Hall,  held  the  15th  day  of  August, 
Anno  Dni.  nri.  Georgii  2di,  nunc  Reg.  Magn.  Brittan. 
&c.  quarto,  A°  Dni,  1730. 

"  Ordered  that  Joseph  Abaisir  and  John  Hemmer, 
Princes  of  Mount  Lybanus,  in  Syria,  be  presented  with 
Ten  Guineas  by  the  Corporation,  and  be  Treated  and 
Guarded  to  Coventry  in  such  manner  as  they  were  con- 
ducted from  Nottingham  hither,  pursuant  to  his  Ma- 
jesty's Royal  Injunction.  The  ten  Guineas  and  all  other 
charges  to  be  paid  by  the  Chamberlins,  and  allowed  them 
in  their  accounts. 

"  Sealed  with  the  Common  Seale  for  the  said  Princes 
the  like  pass  from  Leicester  to  Coventry,  as  they  had  from 
other  places  one  to  another." 

A  friend,  writing  from  j^ewcastle-upon-Tyne, 
informs  me  that  the  same  personages  (known  in 
our  Chamberlains'  accounts  as  the  "  Grecian  " 
Princes)  were  in  that  town  on  July  30,  1730,  and 
were  there  presented  with  twenty  guineas  by 
Mr.  Mayor. 

At  a  Common  Hall  meeting  held  on  November 
27,  1732,  it  was  ordered  — 

"  That  the  Chamberlins  give  the  Honble  George  Tomi- 
son,  Prince  of  the  Muscovites  in  Syria,  three  Guineas,  to 
be  allowed  in  their  Accounts." 

In  the  Chamberlains'  accounts,  this  personage 
is  designated  differently,  the  entry  being  — 

"  Paid  the  Black  Prince,  by  Order  £      s.     d. 

of  Hall 03    03    00" 

If  any  of  your  correspondents  would  furnish  me 
with  any  information  snowing  who  any  or  all  of 
these  persons  were,  I  should  feel  obliged.* 

JAMES  THOMPSON. 

HERALDIC  QUERY. — Parted  per  pale,  1.  Gules, 
two  bars  ermine,  in  chief  a  lion  passant,  guardant ; 
2.  Or,  on  a  chief  sable,  three  escallops.  The  name 
or  names  of  any  person  bearing  the  above  coats 
will  much  oblige  W.  J.  BERNHARD  SMITH. 

Temple. 

HIGH  COMMISSION  COURT. — What  was  the  seal 
used  by  this  Court  ?  Does  any  drawing  or  impres- 
sion of  it  exist  ?  Is  there  no  history  of  the  Court 
or  of  its  proceedings  ?  or  are  they  to  be  collected 
only  from  the  various  historical  writers  and  law 
reporters  between  the  reigns  of  Henry  VIII.  and 
James  II.  ?  S.  E.  G. 

[*  These  princes  were  inquired  after  in  our  2nd  S.  xi. 
408.— ED.] 


THE  HOOTING  THING  OF  MICKJLETON  WOOD.— 
Some  thirty  years  ago,  I  often  heard  a  friend,  now 
deceased,  speak  of  a  strange  and  inexplicable 
noise  for  which  a  wood  near  Mickleton,  in  the 
county  of  Gloucester,  had  long  been  notorious. 
My  friend  in  his  boyhood  had  often  been  staying 
in  the  house  of  a  wealthy  yeoman  in  that  parish, 
by  whom  the  sound  in  question  had  frequently 
been  heard,  and  who,  being  a  keen  sportsman,  and 
well  acquainted  with  the  cry  of  every  bird  and 
beast  in  the  forest,  was  not  likely  to  be  deceived 
by  any  ordinary  woodland  sound.  He  described 
it  as  being  unlike  any  other  noise  he  ever  heard, 
and  most  uncouth  and  awful  in  character.  He 
used  also  to  tell  the  story  of  a  relation  of  his  own, 
a  wild  young  officer  in  the  army,  by  name  Eden, 
who  came  into  the  neighbourhood  many  years 
before  on  a  visit,  and  was  as  fond  of  expressing 
his  contempt  for  "  the  hooting  thing  "  as  he  was 
desirous  of  hearing  it.  At  last  his  curiosity  was 
gratified.  One  day  while  alone  out  shooting,  he 
actually  heard  the  mysterious  sound.  He  returned 
home  silent  and  thoughtful ;  could  never  be  in- 
duced to  talk  about  what  he  had  heard,  and 
shortly  after  resigned  his  commission,  and  died 
afterwards  a  fervent  preacher  among  John  Wes- 
ley's Methodists. 

A  trifling  circumstance  has  recalled  this  singu- 
lar story  to  my  remembrance,  and  I  wish  to  ask  if 
aify  tradition  of  "  the  hooting  thing  "  still  lingers 
in  the  neighbourhood  of  Mickleton  ?  W.  L.  N. 

"  JACK  or  NEWBURY." — Who  or  what  is  meant 
by  Mogunce,  mentioned  in  the  following  passage 
from  The  History  of  Mr.  John  Winchcomb,  alias 
Jack  of  Newbury,  the  famous  and  worthy  Clothier 
of  England? — 

"  May  it  please  your  Majesty,  said  Jack,  to  understand 
that  it  was  my  chance  to  meet  with  a  monster,  who  had 
the  proportion  of  a  man  but  headed  like  a  dog,  the  biting 
of  whose  teeth  was  like  the  poisoned  teeth  of  a  crocodile, 
his  breath  like  the  basilisk's,  killing  afar  off,  I  suppose 
his  name  was  Envy ;  who  assailed  me  invisibly,  like  the 
wicked  spirit  of  Mogunce,  who  flung  stones  at  men  and 
could  not  be  seen." 

In  this  book  there  are  many  curious  sayings, 
one  example  of  which  I  subjoin  :  — 

"A  maiden  fair  I  dare  not  Aved, 
For  fear  to  have  Acteon's  head : 
A  maiden  black  is  often  proud ; 
A  maiden  little  will  be  loud ; 
A  maiden  that  is  high  of  growth, 
They  say  is  subject  unto  sloth : 
Thus  fair  or  foul,  yea,  little  or  tall, 
Some  faults  remain  among  them  all." 

In  the  course  of  the  history,  the  virtues  of  a  cer- 
tain George  a  Green  are  extolled,  who,  I  suppose, 
must  be  the  subject  of  a  scarce  biography,  en- 
titled,— 

"  The  History  of  George  a  Green,  Pinder,  of  the  Town 
of  Wakefield;  his  Birth,  Calling,  Valour,  and  Reputa- 
tion in  the  County.  With  divers  pleasant  as  well  as 


3'dS.V.  JUNE  11, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


479 


serious 
1715." 


in  the  Course  of  his  Life  and  Fortune. 

H.  CONGREVE. 

"  THE  IRISH  TUTOR."  —  Who  really  wrote  The 
Irish  Tutor  ?  I  know  to  whom  the  credit  is  given, 
but  he  was  not  the  author.  S.  REDMOND. 

Liverpool. 

"  KIMBOLTON  PARK  :  "    A    HUNTINGDONSHIRE 

QUERY.  —  Who  was  "  the  Revd.  Mr.  H ,"  the 

author  of  the  poem  of  "  Kimbolton  Park,"  which 
occupies  nine  pages  in  vol.  iv.  of  Pearch's  Collec- 
tion of  Poems,  1783?  Was  he  "the  Reverend 
Mr.  Hutchinson  of  Holywell,  Hunts,"  referred  to 
in  a  foot-note  to  p.  569,  vol.  ii.  of  Pratt' s  Glean- 
ings  in  England,  1801,  as  the  "very  respectable 
and  ingenious  gentleman,"  who  is  mentioned  in 
the  body  of  the  work  as  having 
"  been  long  and  laboriously  employing  himself  in  a  his- 
tory of  the  county  (Huntingdonshire),  with  the  laudable 
design  of  doing  justice  to  some  parts  which  have  suffered 
from  misrepresentation,  and  of  giving  a  fair  and  candid 
description  of  the  whole." 

Of  Mr.  Hutchinson's  History,  Pratt  says,— 
"  Various  public  and  private  causes  have  protracted, 
and  are  still  likely  to  delay,  the  publication  of  this  work ; 
but,  from  a  generous  outline  which  I  am  permitted  to 
communicate  to  you,  you  will  judge  what  copious  sheaves 
may  be  expected,  when  I  can  send  you  his  whole  har- 
vest." 

I  am  desirous  to  know  if  the  History,  or  any 
portion  of  it  (other  than  the  "  generous  outline  " 
here  indicated)  was  ever  published  ?  and,  if  not, 
if  Mr.  Hutchinson's  collection  has  been  used  by 
any  other  author,  or  if  it  is  still  in  existence,  and 
if  so,  where  ?  CUTHBERT  BEDE. 

"  LOYALTY  MEDALS,"  ETC.  —  I  saw  described  in 
a  coin  dealer's  London  catalogue,  medals  with  the 
head  of  Charles  I.,  thus  described.  They  were  of 
silver.  Is  there  any  work  which  gives  a  descrip- 
tion of  the  medals  of  the  Royalists  of  the  time  of 
Charles  I.?  A  memorial,  which  I  take  to  be 
something  of  this  sort,  is  described  in  a  note  to 
The  Diary  of  Sir  Henry  Slingsby  ofScriven,  Bart, 
and  of  Red  House,  near  York,  edited  by  Daniel 
Parsons,  M.A.  1836,  p.  137  :  — 

"  A  very  interesting  memorial  of  this  march  [towards 
Dantry  during  the  Civil  War]  is  still  in  existence:  it  is 
a  silver  medal  of  an  oval  shape,  made  to  be  worn.  On  it 
is  a  half-length  of  Sir  Henry  in  his  military  dress,  but 
tmhelmeted,  and  with  long  flowing  hair,  and  round  three 
sides  this  legend :  « Ex  .  Residvs  .  Nvmmi .  Svb  .  Hasta 
.  Primmiana  ,  Lege  .  Przedati  .  Jvxta  .  Daventriam 
An  .  Earnest  .  Penny  .  For  .  My  .  Children.'  Tho.  H.  B 
Slingsby,  Oxon.  1644.  On  the  back,  which  is-  quite 
smooth,  is  lightly  engraved  Scriven  and  Slingsby  impal- 
ing Belasyze,  and  the  crest  a  lion  passant.  And  it  is  re- 
markable that  the  baron  coat  is  dimidiated  so  that  Scri- 
ven appears  once  at  top,  and  once  below,  barwise.  Below 
the  coat  is  engraved,  «  Beheaded  June  yc  8  .  by  0.  C 
1657,'  which  should  be  1658.  The  coat  and  inscription 
on  the  back  maybe  presumed  from  the  style  of  engraving 
to  have  been  added  about  the  close  of  the  17th  century." 


In  a  meeting  of  the  Society  of  Antiquaries  of 
May  5,  W.  D.  Haggard,  Esq.,  presented  to  the 
society's  library,  among  other  bequests,  "  4.  A 
List  and  Description  of  Medals  relating  to  the  Pre- 
'endcr"  Would  some  member  of  the  Antiquarian 
Society  of  London  be  so  good  as  to  note  such 
medals  of  the  Stuarts,  with  their  description,  from 
;his  list  as  are  not  in  the  "  Series  of  Medals  of  the 
Stuart  Family  in  the  Collection  of  Mr.  Edward 
Hawkins,  F.R.S.,  F.S.A.,  mentioned  in  the  Cata- 
logue of  Antiquities,  Works  of  Art,  and  Historical 
Scottish  Relics,  exhibited  in  the  Museum  of  the 
Archaeological  Institute  at  Edinburgh  in  1856,  and 
send  them  to  "N.  &  Q.,"  so  as  to  render  the 
1st  of  Stuart  medals  as  complete  as  possible. 

ANON. 

INSCRIPTION  AT  PORTCHESTER. — Can  any  of  your 
readers  inform  me  if  the  following  inscription  on 
a  monument  in  the  ancient  church  of  Portchester, 
Hampshire,  is  a  quotation  or  an  original  compo- 
sition ?  — 

"Early,  bright,  transient,  chaste  as  morning  dew, 
She  sparkled,  was  exhaled,  and  went  to  heaven." 
THOMAS  E.  WINNINGTON. 

THE  REGENT  AND  LORDS  GREY  AND  GREN- 
VILLE. — In  1812,  on  the  expiration  of  the  "re- 
strictions" on  the  Regency,  the  Prince  Regent 
addressed  a  letter,  dated  Feb.  13,  to  the  Duke  of 
York,  which  was  intended  as  an  overture  to  Lords 
Grey  and  Grenville. 

This  letter  was  answered  by  them  on  the  15th 
of  the  same  month.  Of  these  two  documents  I 
have  copies.  Can  any  one  tell  me  whether  they 
have  as  yet  appeared  in  print,  and  if  so,  where  ? 

SALMON  IN  THE  THAMES. — In  the  famous  Led- 
ger Book  of  Rochester,  or  Textus  Roffensis,  cap. 
179,  is  the  following  curious  entry,  which  I  trans- 
late thus,  subject,  of  course,  to  correction  :  — 

"This  is  the  alms-giving  [elemosina]  which  Lord 
Ernulf,  the  Bishop,  with  the  consent  and  at  the  request 
of  the  monks,  appointed  to  be  made  every  year  for  the 
soul  of  our  father  Gundulf,  the  Bishop,  in  his  anniver- 

"The  Secretary  should  give  40  pence  [quadriginta 
denarios],  the  Chamberlain  40  pence,  the  Cellarer  40 
pence,  and  a  thousand  of  herrings  [unum  millenarium 
allecium],  Hedreham  [probably  Hedenham,  of  which  the 
monks  held  the  manor]  4  shillings  [solidos],  and  two 
salmon  [duos  salmones].  Frendesberi,  Devintuna,  Flietes, 
Wldeham  [probably  Frindsbury,  Davington,  South  Fleet, 
and  Wouldham]  6  shillings  and  two  salmons.  Lambetha 
one,  and  Southwerca  one  [Lambeth,  the  manor  of  which 
they  had,  except  the  curia  or  palace  of  the  Archbishop, 
and  Southwarkj.  These  20  shillings  the  Cellarer  shall 
receive,  and  having  thence  bought  bread  and  hernngs 
[et  empto  inde  pane  et  allece],  he  with  the  almoners 
shall  distribute  them  on  that  day  to  the  poor.^  That  the 
monks  shall  have  the  salmon  in  the  refectory." 

We  are  told  that  at  one  time  salmon  were  so 
common  that  parents  bound  down  masters  not  to 


480 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[BrA  S.  V.  JUNE  11,  '64. 


give  this  food  to  their  children  when  apprenticed 
more  than  twice  a  week;  that  they  have  been 
taken  above  bridge  in  the  Thames  by  hundred- 
weights in  a  day,  and  so  on.  Now  Gundulf ' s  anni- 
versary was  on  the  7th  of  March  (our  1 8th,  New 
Style),  when  this  fish  are  no  longer  rarities. 
Could  it  have  been  worth  while  then,  if  salmon 
abounded,  to  receive  them,  one  from  such  a  place 
as  Lambeth,  and  one  from  Southwark;  and  to 
carry  them  thirty  miles  to  Rochester,  or  to  make 
four  towns  club  together  to  find  two  salmon — half 
a  fish  a  piece — when  we  should  have  supposed 
they  might  have  been  caught  not  far  from  Roches- 
ter in  scores  ?  Fortypence  (three  shillings  and 
fourpence)  and  a  1000  herrings  also  seem  an  odd 
proportion  to  four  shillings  and  two  salmon.  It 
seems  curious  too  that  none  of  the  eight  salmon 
were  given  away,  but  entirely  consumed  by  the 
monks  themselves.  The  passage  would  seem  to 
infer  that  in  Ernulf 's  time,  A.D.  1115,  salmon  were 
not  so  common  in  the  Thames.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

SLAVERY  PROHIBITED  IN  PENNSYLVANIA.  —  I 
am  very  desirous  of  obtaining  a  copy  of  an  Act 
passed  in  the  year  1711  by  the  Assembly  of  Penn- 
sylvania, prohibiting,"  under  any  condition,  the 
importation  of  slaves  into  that  colony.  "  As  soon 
as  the  law  reached  England  to  receive  the  usual 
confirmation  of  the  Crown,  it  was  peremptorily 
cancelled."— Life  of  Wm.  Penn,  by  Dixon,  Phila- 
delphia edit.  p.  331.  Dixon  refers  to  Proprietary 
Papers,  vol.  ix.  Q.  29,  State  Paper  Office.  In 
Bettle's  Negro  Slavery,  "  Memoirs,  Hist.  Soc.  of 
Penna.,"  vol.  i.  part  n.  p.  370,  the  title  of  the  Act 
is  given :  "  An  Act  to  Prevent  the  Importation 
of  Negroes  and  Indians  into  the  Province."  The 
writer  says,  "  it  is  doubtful  whether  a  copy  of  it 
is  in  existence."  If  this  be  a  proper  question  for 
"  N.  &  Q."  I  venture  to  hope  that  some  corre- 
spondent will  be  able  to  refer  me  to  the  right 
quarter  for  information.  I  learn  from  a  friend  of 
Mr.  Granville  John  Penn,  that  that  gentleman 
is  now  engaged  in  examining  hitherto  unexplored 
papers  of  his  distinguished  ancestors.  Perhaps 
this  and  other  more  interesting  questions  may  be 
solved  by  this  search.  ST.  T. 

UNPUBLISHED  SHAKSPERIAN  MSS.  or  THE 
LATE  MR.  CALDECOTT.— These  MSS.  would  no 
doubt  be  of  considerable  '.importance,  Mr.  Calde- 
cott  being  an  able  critic,  and  having  access  to  so 
many  rare  books  of  the  Elizabethan  period.  His 
notes  were  chiefly  unpublished,  those  on  two 
plays  only  having  been  printed.  I  have  ascer- 
tained that  they  were  bequeathed  to  Mr.  George 
Crowe,  son  of  the  late  public  orator  at  Oxford. 
If  Mr.  Crowe  is  still  living,  perhaps  he  would 
excuse  an  appeal  that  the  papers  be  deposited  in 
the  Shakspeare  Museum  at  Stratford-on-Avon,  a 
collection  already  of  great  importance,  preserved 


in  spacious  rooms  at  the  birth-place  in  Henley 
Street,  and  for  the  benefit  of  which  I  should  grate- 
fully receive  any  Shaksperian  presents.  I  will 
take  great  care  of  any  that  may  be  entrusted 
to  my  charge  at  No.  6,  St.  Mary's  Place,  West 
Brompton,  near  London.  The  names  of  all 
donors  will  be  registered  at  the  Museum,  and 
also  published.  J.  O.  HALLIWELL. 

REV.  GEORGE  WALKER. — Can  any  of  your  cor- 
respondents give  me  any  information  respecting 
the  ancestors  and  descendants  of  the  Rev.  George 
Walker,  who  defended  Londonderry  against 
James  II.  ?  His  sister  Anne  married  Mr.  Max- 
well of  Falkland,  co.  Monaghan ;  and  a  watch, 
formerly  belonging  to  him,  is  in  the  possession  of 
one  of  her  descendants.  H.  M.  L. 

THE  REV.  THOMAS  WILKINSON  published :  — 

1.  "  A  Discourse  on  the  Doctrine  of  Original  Sin  (oc- 
casioned by  an  Appendix  to  Stackhouse's  Dissertation 
on  that  Subject,  dedicated  with  Permission  to  His  Grace 
the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Gleig,  a 
Bishop  of  the  Scotch  Episcopal  Church),  preached  at  St. 
Paul's  Cathedral  on  Sunday,  the  9th  of  March.    London. 
8vo.    1817." 

2.  "  The  Inspiration  of  the  Holy  Scriptures  proved  by 
the   evident  Completion  of  many  very  important  Pro- 
phecies.   London.    8vo.    1823." 

In  the  first  work  he  is  designated  M.A.,  Rector 
of  B-ulvan,  Essex,  and  Curate  of  St.  Andrew's, 
Holborn ;  and  in  the  second,  B.D.,  Rector  of 
Bulvan. 

We  presume  that  he  was  of  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge;  B.A.  1793;  M.A.  1796;  B.D.  1819. 

Information  respecting  him,  and  especially  the 
date  of  his  death,  will  oblige 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 


fotfl) 

GEORGE  MERITON,  author  of  Anglorum  Gesta, 
Landlord's  Law,  Nomenclatura  Clericalis,  $T.,  who 
Thoresby  says, "  removed  into  Ireland,  where  he 
was  said  to  be  made  a  judge."  Information  re- 
specting him  is  requested. 

C.  J.  D.  INGLEDEW. 

Tyddyr-y-Sais,  Carnarvon. 

[It  is  somewhat  remarkable  that  nothing  is  known  of 
the  personal  history  of  George  Meriton,  attorney  at  North 
Allerton,  and  author  of  several  legal  and  other  works. 
He  was  the  elder  brother  of  Thomas  Meriton,  the  drama- 
tist, who  dedicated  ("  with  notable  nonsense,"  says  Wm. 
Oldys)  his  tragedy  Love  and  War,  4to,  1658,  "  to  the 
;ruly  noble,  judicious  gentleman,  and  his  most  esteemed 
brother,  Mr.  George  Meriton."  Langbaine  says,  "  I  am 
apt  to  believe  these  two  brothers  acted  the  counterpart  of 
those  German  brethren  that  dwelt  at  Rome,  the  orator 
and  the  rhetorician  mentioned  by  Horace  (Epist.  lib.  ii. 
ep.  2),  whose  business  it  was  — 


3"»  S.  V.  JUNE  11,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


481 


'Ut  alter 

Alterius  sermone  meros  audiret  honores : 
Gracchus  ut  hie  illi  foret,  hie  ut  Mucius  illi.'" 

George  Meriton  must  be  the  person  of  that  name  who 
appeared  at  Diigdale's  Visitation  of  Yorkshire,  A.D.  16G6, 
when  he  described  himself  of  Castle  Leavington,  son  of 
Thomas  of  the  same  place  (ob.  1652),  who  was  son  of 
George  Meriton,  D.D.,  chaplain  to  Anne  of  Denmark,  and 
Dean  of  Peterborough  and  afterwards  of  York. 

The  George  Meriton  living  in  1666  had  married  Mary, 
daughter  of  T.  Palliser  of  Kirkby  Wick,  by  whom  he  had 
Thomas,  aged  eight  in  1665.  He  had  also  two  sisters 
married  to  two  Pallisers,  and  one  of  the  family  being  an 
archbishop  in  Ireland,  may  possibly  account  for  his  re- 
moval to  that  country,  as  related  by  Thoresby. 

George  Meriton  sent  his  second  son  George  to  Cam- 
bridge, where  he  died  on  August  14, 1680,  and  was  buried 
in  All  Saints'  Church.  An  inscription  to  his  memory  is 
printed  in  Le  Neve's  Monumenta  Anglicana,  iv.  4.  Cole» 
in  his  MS.  Parochial  History  of  Cambridgeshire,  iii.  65, 
states  that  this  monument  has  since  been  removed,  "  and 
no  signs  of  any  such  monument  being  there,  nor  the  upper 
stone  preserved,  that  I  could  see  in  any  part  of  the 
church ;  but  luckily  the  inscription,  though  the  stone  is 
lost,  is  preserved,  through  the  care  of  that  most  learned 
and  industrious  antiquary,  Mr.  Baker,  who  sent  it  to 
Mr.  Le  Neve."  A  few  such  industrious  antiquaries  as 
Browne  Willis,  Thomas  Baker,  and  John  Le  Neve,  are 
much  required  in  our  day  for  the  preservation  of  monu- 
mental inscriptions. 

One  of  the  most  popular  productions  of  George  Meriton, 
the  attorney,  is  that  curious  poem,  The  Praise  of  York- 
shire Ale,  1683,  1685,  and  1697,  which,  by-the-bye,  is 
attributed  to  Giles  Morrington  by  our  correspondent  in 
his  History  of  North  Allerton,  pp.  348,  387.  That  lite- 
rary detective,  William  Oldys,  in  his  notes  on  Langbaine 
in  the  British  Museum,  informs  us  that  this  humorous 
piece  was  "by  George  Meriton,  a  Yorkshire  attorney, 
who  wrote  several  books  on  the  law," — the  same  George 
Meriton,  as  he  thinks,  with  the  person  of  that  name  men- 
tioned by  Langbaine  (p.  368)  in  the  account  of  his  brother, 
Thomas  Meriton.  Hence,  too,  when  Thoresby  says  that 
"  George  Meriton  had  written  somewhat  of  the  Northern 
dialect,"  he  was  no  doubt  thinking  of  the  "  Alphabetical 
Clavis  unfolding  the  meaning  of  all  the  Yorkshire  words  " 
used  by  him  in  this  delectable  poem,  and  printed  as  an  Ap- 
pendix to  it.  Again,  in  Immorality,  Debauchery,  and  Pro- 
faneness  Exposed,  by  George  Meriton,  Gent.,  the  author 
in  several  places  speaks  of  the  strong  ale  of  North  Aller- 
ton, as  well  as  of  his  small  estate  at  Cleaveland,  which 
seems  to  confirm  the  identity.  The  Praise  of  Yorkshire 
Ale  is  attributed  to  him  by  Gough  (British  Topog.  1780, 
ii.  467),  in  Bohn's  Lowndes,  and  in  the  Catalogues  of  Ihe 
Bodleian,  Grenville,  Malone,  and  Douce  collections. 

A  list  of  George  Meriton's  productions  will  be  found  in 
Watt's  Bibliotheca  Brit.,  and  in  Marvin's  Legal  Biography. 
The  following  work  is  omitted,  which  we  are  inclined  to 
attribute  to  him :  Miscellanea,  or  a  Collection  of  Wise  and 
Ingenious  Sayings,  Sfc.  of  Princes,  Philosophers,  Statesmen, 


Courtiers,  Poets,  Ladies,  Painters,  frc.,  alto  Epitaphs.  By 
G.  M.  12mo,  1694.  In  Thorpe's  Catalogue,  1832,  No. 
6409,  it  is  stated  to  be  by  G.  Mereton.  There  is  also  an 
unpublished  MS.  by  him  in  the  British  Museum  (Addit. 
MS.  10,401),  entitled  "A  Briefe  History  or  Account, 
shewing  howe  People  did  Trafficke  in  the  World  before 
the  invention  of  Money,  with  an  Account  of  the  severall 
sorts  of  Metalles;  likewise  to  whome  the  prerogative  of 
Coyning  Money  belongs,  also  an  Account  of  our  Silver 
and  Gold  Coyns ;  lastly,  an  Abstract  of  all  our  Laws  re- 
lating to  Money.  Dedicated  to  Lord  Chief  Justice  Holt. 
By  George  Meriton,  4to."  This  MS.  was  purchased  a£ 
Heber's  sale,  lot  762.] 

LAMBETH  DEGREES  IN  MEDICINE. — In  the 
House  of  Commons,  on  the  13th  of  May,  Colonel 
French  asked  the  Secretary  of  State  for  the  Home 
Department  if  it  were  the  fact,  that  the  Arch- 
bishop of  Canterbury  had  the  power  to  confer  the 
title  .of  Doctor  of  Medicine  on  persons  who  bad 
not  undergone  an  examination  before  the  College 
of  Physicians.  Sir  G.  Grey  said,  in  reply,  that  he 
had  been  unable  to  ascertain  what  were  the  facts 
of  this  subject,  and  could  only  state  that  under 
an  old  statute  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  had 
the  power  of  conferring  the  degree  of  Doctor  of 
Medicine.  That,  however,  was  hardly  recognised 
under  the  last  Medical  Act.  He  could  not  state 
whether  the  present  Archbishop  had  ever  exer- 
cised the  power.  Colonel  French  said  that  it  was 
exercised  in  1858.  Probably  some  of  the  corre- 
spondents of  "  N.  &  Q  "  will  be  able  to  state  some 
of  the  latest  instances  of  this  degree  having  been 
conferred.  N. 

[A  careful  inspection  of  The  London  and  Provincial 
Medical  Directory  for  1864,  would  doubtless  give  the 
latest  instance.  In  glancing  through  it  we  noticed  that 
the  Lambeth  degree  of  Doctor  of  Medicine  had  been  re- 
cently conferred  on  the  following  gentlemen :  W.  S.  Oke, 
Southampton,  1828;  William  Bayes,  Cambridge,  1850; 
F.  G.  Julius,  Richmond,  Surrey,  1851 ;  R.  B.  Grindrod, 
Great  Malvern,  1855;  J.  H.  Ramsbotham,  Leeds,  1855. 
An  honourable  member  of  the  House  has  moved  for  a  re- 
turn of  all  medical  degrees  conferred  by  the  Archbishops 
of  Canterbury ;  which  return,  we  presume,  will  be  made 
in  due  course.  A  correspondent  of  T/ie  Times  of  May  17, 
1864,  has  furnished  the  following  interesting  particulars 
of  medical  legislation :  — 

"  As  a  Lambeth  graduate  in  medicine,  I  may  not  only 
be  able  to  answer  the  question  asked  by  Colonel  French 
in  the  House  of  Commons  last  night,  but  also  to  give  to 
3'our  readers  some  insight  into  Henry  VHI.'s  medical 
legislation. 

"  I  may  premise  that,  at  the  commencement  of  his 
reign,  medicine — or,  as  it  was  then  called,  physic — was  in 
a  most  deplorable  condition  throughout  the  whole  of 
England ;  the  practice  of  the  art  was  in  the  hands  of 
monks,  alchymists,  and  empirics,  and  all  that  was  known 
of  the  science  was  confined  to  those  (chiefly  priests)  who 
had  studied  at  Rome,  Padua,  Bologna,  Florence,  &c., 
where  physic  bad  long  before  been  taught  — although 
up  to  this  time  there  had  been  little,  if  any,  provision  for 


482 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  JUNE  11,  '64 


teaching  it  in  this  country.  Henry  VIII. 's  first  attempt 
at  a  Medical  Bill  was  by  the  3rd  of  Henry  VIII.  cap.  11, 
whereby  he  confers  on  the  Bishop  of  London,  and,  in  his 
absence,  on  the  Dean  of  St.  Paul's,  the  exclusive  power  or 
privilege  of  licensing  physicians  in  the  City  of  London 
and  within  seven  miles  in  compass.  In  1518  two  priests, 
John  Chambre  and  Thomas  Linacre — the  latter  of  whom 
had  been  tutor  to  the  Prince  Arthur,  and  both  of  whom  had 
studied  physic  at  Florence,  &c.,  obtained  from  Henry, 
through  the  influence  of  Cardinal  Wolsey,  letters  patent 
constituting  a  corporate  body  of  regular  physicians  in 
London.  The  14th  and  15th  of  Henry  VIII.  cap.  5,  con- 
firms this  charter.  The  25th  of  Henry  VIII.  cap.  21, 
gives  power  to  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  to  confer 
all  manner  of  licenses,  dispensations,  faculties,  &c.,  as 
heretofore  hath  been  used,  and  accustomed  to  be  had  at 
the  See  of  Rome,  and  this  power  was  held  by  our  courts 
of  law,  about  the  end  of  the  eighteenth  century,  to  be  a 
power  to  confer  degrees. 

"  The  32nd  of  Henry  VIII.  cap.  42,  incorporates  the 
(until  that  time)  unincorporated  Surgeons  with  the  Cor- 
poration of  Barbers ;  and  the  34-35th  of  Henry  VIII. 
cap.  8,  gives  power  to  persons,  being  no  common  sur- 
geons, to  administer  medicine  in  some  diseases — viz.  ague, 
&c.  The  18th  of  George  II.  cap.  15,  forms  the  surgeons 
into  a  separate  corporation.  The  55th  of  George  III.  cap. 
194,  incorporates  a  body  of  medical  practitioners  to  be 
called  Apothecaries. 

"  The  late  Medical  Act  gives  to  all  registere  d  practitioners 
in  medicine  and  surgery  an  unqualified  right  to  practise 
medicine  and  surgery  throughout  the  whole  of  Her  Ma- 
jesty's dominions  at  home  and  abroad,  thereby  sweeping 
away  at  one  blow  the  whole  of  the  petty  restrictions  of 
the  different  licensing  boards ;  it  requires/ however,  every 
practitioner  in  medicine  or  surgery  to  be  registered,  and 
exempts  all  future  graduates  of  Lambeth  from  the  right 
to  be  registered."] 

MEDMENHAM  CLUB. — Is  there  any  truth  in  the 
accounts  in  that  strange  book  Chrysal,  of  orgies 
more  than  Bacchanalian,  carried  on  at  Medmen- 
ham  Abbey  by  a  party  of  noblemen  and  gentle- 
men from  the  metropolis,  about  the  end  of  the 
last  century  or  the  beginning  of  this  ?  Has  any- 
thing been  written  on  the  subject  more  than 
appears  in  this  book  ?  H.  C. 

[Johnston,  in  his  novel  Chrysal;  or,  the  Adventures  of 
a  Guinea,  has  probably  furnished  the  longest,  but  some- 
what fictitious  account  of  the  Medmenham  Club — a  so- 
ciety of  wits  and  humorists,  who,  under  the  assumed 
title  of  Monks  of  St.  Francis,  converted  the  ruins  of  the 
Abbey  into  a  convivial  retreat.  Some  other  particulars 
of  this  mysterious  fraternity  may  be  found  in  Capt. 
Edward  Thompson's  Life  of  Paul  Whitehead,  edit.  1777, 
pp.  xxxiii.  to  xxxix. ;  The  Town  and  Country  Magazine, 
i.  122;  and  Churchill's  Poems,  edit.  Tooke,  1854,  iii.  168, 
185,  275.  It  is  not  surprising  that  a  club,  which  had  ex- 
cited so  much  notoriety,  and  provoked  so  much  satire, 
should  have  rendered  itself  an  object  of  literary  curiosity, 
composed  as  it  was  of  such  men  as  Charles  Churchill, 
John  Wilkes,  Robert  Lloyd,  Francis  Lord  le  Despencer, 
Bubb  Doddington,  Lord  Melcombe  Regis,  Sir  John  Dash- 
wood  King,  Bart.,  Paul  Whitehead,  Henry  Lovebond 
Collins,  Esq.,  Dr.  Benjamin  Bates,  Sir  William  Stanhope, 
K.B.,  and  seme  other  congenial  spirits.  Langley,  who 
wrote  his  History  of  Desborough,  Sucks,  in  1797,  was 


unable  to  collect  any  authentic  particulars  of  this  memor- 
able sodality.  He  says :  "  Some  few  years  since  the  abbey 
house  was  tenanted  by  a  society  of  men  of  wit  and  fashion 
under  the  title  of  Monks  of  St.  Francis,  whose  habit 
they  assumed.  During  the  season  of  their  conventual 
residence,  they  are  supposed  not  to  have  adhered  very 
rigidly  to  the  rules  of  life  which  St.  Francis  had  enjoined. 
Over  the  door  is  inscribed  the  motto  of  its  last  monastic 
order :  *  Fay  ce  que  voudras.'  Some  anecdotes  related  in 
a  publication  of  that  day  were  said  to  refer  to  this  so- 
ciety ;  but  from  the  little  information  I  have  collected, 
there  appears  to  be  no  strong  foundation  for  that  opinion. 
The  woman,  who  was  their  only  female  domestic,  is  still 
living  [1797];  and  after  many  enquiries,  I  believe  all 
their  transactions  may  as  well  be  buried  in  oblivion."] 

NATHANIEL  BENTLEY  alias  DIRTY  DICK.  — 
There  is  an  engraved  portrait  of  this  once  no- 
torious character,  who  was  living  in  Leadenhall 
Street  at  the  beginning  of  this  century.  There  is 
also  a  Life  of  him,  without  date.  When  did  he 
die?  He  is  noticed  in  the  Annual  Register, 
xlvii.  521.  S.  Y.  R. 

[The  more  venerable  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  will 
doubtless  remember  a  celebrated  emporium  for  wares  of 
all  sorts  in  Leadenhall  Street, called  "Dirty  Dick's  Ware- 
house." The  number  of  the  house  was  46,  which  is  now 
divided  into  two  tenements.  In  his  early  days,  Nathaniel 
Bentley  was  called  the  Beau  of  Leadenhall  Street,  and 
might  be  seen  at  all  public  places  of  resort,. dressed  as  a 
man  of  fashion.  He  not  only  spoke  French  and  Italian 
fluently,  but  his  demeanour  was  that  of  a  polished  gen- 
tleman. As  the  story  goes,  our  young  tradesman  had 
made  proposals  to  the  daughter  of  a  wealthy  citizen,  and 
had  been  accepted ;  but  as  "  the  course  of  true  love 
never  did  run  smooth,"  by  some  untoward  event  the 
match  was  broken  off.  Time  passes  on,  and  our  fashion- 
able beau  becomes  better  known  as  "Dirty  Dick,"  the 
inveterate  enemy  of  soap  and  towels. 

It  was  in  February,  1804,  that  Bentley  finally  quitted 
his  warehouse  in  Leadenhall  Street,  in  which  for  forty  years 
he  had  conducted  business  among  cobwebs  and  dust.  He 
then  took  a  house  in  Jewry  Street,  Aldgate,  where  he 
lived  for  three  years ;  but  his  landlord  refusing  to  renew 
the  lease,  he  removed  to  Leonard  Street,  Shoreditch, 
taking  with  him  a  stock  of  spoiled  goods  to  the  amount 
of  10,000/.  Here  he  was  robbed  of  a  considerable  sum  by 
a  woman  with  whom  he  was  imprudent  enough  to  form 
a  connexion  in  his  old  age.  To  divert  his  mind  from  the 
contemplation  of  his  misfortune,  he  travelled  from  one 
place  to  another  until  he  reached  Haddington,  in  Scot- 
land. Almost  pennyless,  and  suffering  severely  from  in- 
disposition, he  took  up  his  abode  at  the  Crown  Inn,  where 
he  died  about  the  close  of  the  year  1809,  and  was  buried 
in  the  churchyard  of  that  town.  ] 

LADY  ELIZABETH  SPELMAN. — This  lady,  in  her 
will  dated  Nov.  2,  1745,  describes  herself  of  the 
parish  of  St.  James's,  Westminster,  widow,  and 
was  buried  at  St.  James's  on  Jan.  19,  1747-8. 


3<*  S.  V.  JUNE  11,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


483 


There  is  nothing  in  her  will  to  indicate  whose 
widow  she  was.  If  any  of  your  genealogical 
readers  can  tell  who  her  husband  was,  he  will 
oblige  by  an  answer  to  this  query.  Lady  Spel- 
man  bequeathed  many  valuable  portraits  to  dif- 
ferent persons ;  amongst  others,  to  her  two  cousins 
Mrs.  Ann  and  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Brierly,  the  picture 
of  the  learned  Sir  Henry  Spelman,  and  one  cf 
Philip  Lord  Wharton. 

She  bequeaths  also  a  picture  of  the  Lady  Mary 
Carey,  Countess  of  Denbigh,  and  the  Lady  Eliza- 
beth Spelman,  daughter  to  John  Earl  of  Middle- 
ton,  and  Martha  nis  Countess,  quarter-length. 
The  last  picture  was  no  doubt  that  of  herself. 
From  the  bequest  of  the  picture  of  the  learned 
Sir  Henry  Spelman,  one  is  led  to  infer  that  her 
husband  was  of  the  learned  antiquary's  family ; 
and  who  her  husband  was,  it  is  the  object  of  this 
inquiry  to  ascertain,  F.  L. 

[We  are  inclined  to  think  the  lady  inquired  after  is 
noticed  in  Blomefield's  Norfolk,  8vo,  edit.  1807,  vol.  vi.  p. 
459,  where  we  read  that  "  William  Spelman,  Esq.,  lord 
and  patron  of  the  manor  of  Wickmere,  married  Elizabeth, 
daughter  of  Martha  Countess  of  Middleton,  second  wife  of 
John  Earl  of  Middleton  in  Scotland,  and  daughter  and 
heiress  of  Henry  Cary,  Earl  of  Monmouth."  In  the 
Gent.  Mag.  xviii.  43,  her  death  is  thus  noticed :  "  Died 
Jan.  11,  1748,  Lady  Elizabeth  Spelman,  daughter  of 
late  John  Earl  of  Middleton,  Governor  of  Tangier."] 

SANATORY. — Will  some  of  your  learned  corre- 
spondents fix  the  orthography  of  this  word  ?  The 
great  United  States  Commission  spells  it  "  sam- 
tary,"  which  may  go  far  towards  making  this  the 
accepted  spelling.  Would  not  analogy  make  it 
follow  the  spelling  of  sanatio,  rather  than  of 
sanitas?  ST.  T. 

[Sanare  is  to  cure,  and  a  curing-place  is  properly 
called  sanatorium.  But  the  Latin  for  health  is  sanitas, 
and  the  laws  which  relate  to  health  should  be  called 
sanitary.  In  French,  we  have  sanatoire  (a  word  of  rare 
occurrence),  curative,  that  which  tends  to  restore  health. 
Sanitaire,  that  which  tends  to  preserve  health;  as  "lois 
sanitaires,"  "police  sanitaire,"  "cordon  sanitaire"  (Be- 
scherdle}.  So  in  English,  "Sanatory,  healing,  curing 
often  erroneously  used  for  sanitary"  (Ogilvie.)  " Sani- 
tary, preservative  of  health ;  as,  sanitary  laws."— Rid.'] 


PARISH  REGISTERS. 

(3rd  S¥v.  243.) 
In  a  similar  careful  and  restoring  spirit  as  that 
described  by  W.  W.  S.  have  the  old  registers  of 
the  parish  of  Easton  Maudit,  in  the  county  of  j 
Northampton,  been  preserved.  This  is  easily 
accounted  for  from  its  having  had  the  same  rector 
as  Wilby,  one  whose  name  can  never  be  forgotten, 


Thomas  Percy,  the  editor  of  The  Reliques  of  Eng- 
lish Poetry,  afterwards  Dean  of  Carlisle,  and 
finally  Bishop  ofDromore.  An  inspection  of  the 
book  shows  at  once  that  the  same  careful  hand 
which  was  often  employed  in  the  restoration  of 
the  text  of  an  old  ballad,  did  not  disdain  to  bestow 
an  equal  amount  of  care  in  rescuing  from  the 
ravages  of  time  the  entries  in  an  old  register. 
The  handwriting  is  beautifully  clear,  and  the  ink 
apparently  as  fresh  as  when  it  flowed  from  Percy's 
pen. 

At  this  quiet  country  rectory  it  "was  that  he 
was  visited,  in  1764,  by  his  friend  Dr.  Johnson, 
who  was  in  his  happiest  mood.  Mrs.  Percy  told 
Cradock  — 

"  That  her  husband  looked  out  all  sorts  of  books  to  be 
ready  for  his  amusement  after  breakfast,  and  that  John- 
son was  so  attentive  and  polite  to  her,  that,  when  her 
husband  mentioned  the  literature  prepared  in  the  study, 
he  said :  '  No,  Sir,  I  shall  first  wait  upon  Mrs.  Percy  to 
feed  the  ducks.' " 

To  her  was  addressed  by  her  husband  the 
charming  ballad : 

"  0  Nanny,  wilt  thou  gang  with  me  ?  " 

which  will  always  be  freshly  remembered. 

Close  to  the  rectory  is  the  church  where 
Thomas  Percy  ministered  from  1746  to  1778, 
which  has  been  restored  in  a  loving  spirit  by  the 
present  Marquis  of  Northampton;  and  happily, 
though  the  floor  is  entirely  paved  with  encaustic 
tiles,  yet  the  old  inscriptions  have  been  preserved 
upon  them.  One  in  particular  marks  the  spot 
where  three  of  Percy's  six  children  repose  in 
front  of  the  chancel ;  and  upon  the  tiles,  the  lion, 
the  ancient  crest  of  the  ducal  house  of  Northum- 
berland, is  delineated. 

Within  the  altar  rails  lie  the  remains  of  Morton, 
Bishop  of  Durham,  who  was  ejected  from  his  see 
in  1646,  and  died  at  Easton  Maudit  in  1659,  at 
the  advanced  age  of  ninety-two,  in  poverty  and 
comparative  obscurity,  where  he  had  filled  the 
office  of  tutor  to  Sir  Henry  Yelverton.  His 
property,  after  paying  a  few  legacies,  amounted 
but  to  100Z.,  which  paid  his  funeral  expences,  and 
provided  a  monument  to  his  memory  in  the 
church. 

The  sepulchral  stone  which  originally  covered 
the  remains  of  the  good  old  man,  has  been  re- 
moved to  the  Yelverton  chapel  on  the  north  side 
of  the  chancel,  and  bears  a  long  Latin  inscription, 
feebly  attempting  to  describe  his  many  virtues. 

The  church  consists  of  nave,  side  aisles,  and 
chancel,  on  the  north  side  of  which  is  the  Yelver- 
ton chapel,  containing  several  monuments  of  that 
ancient  family ;  and  here  was  buried,  about  sixty- 
two  years  ago,  the  last  Earl  of  Sussex,  in  the 
vault  of  his  ancestors,  to  whom,  for  many  years, 
the  manor  belonged. 

I  observed,  though  my  inspection  was  merely 
of  a  very  casual  kind,  several  notes  in  the  Kegister 


484 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  V.  JUNE  11,  '64. 


marking  the  manners  and  customs  of  ancient 
times,  which  no  doubt  would  prove  of  interest, 
like  those  from  Wilby. 

The  place  is  most  retired,  but  well  adapted  to 
a  man  like  Percy,  who  fully  appreciated  the 
saying  "  Vita  sine  literis  mors  est."  Again, 
though  Bishop  Morton  does  not  repose  in  his  own 
magnificent  cathedral  of  Durham,  but  in  the 
little  village  church,  his  simple  and  unostentatious 
character  can  never  be  forgotten,  nor  his  patient 
endurance  of  difficulties  in  troublous  times.  In 
this  sense  the  place  of  his  interment  is  not  ill- 
chosen,  for  it  accords  with  the  disposition  of  that 
venerable  pastor  of  the  church.  I  said  with  the 
Chorus  in  Sophocles  :  — 

.  .  .  fvQa.  ^poro'is  r'bv  a^ifjivricrrov 

TO.$OV  fvpcaevra  KaBe^ei.      Ajax,  1167-8. 

OXONIENSIS. 


MRS.  DUGALD  STEWART'S  VERSES. 

(3rd  S.  v.  147.) 

We  hope  that  the  foregoing  explanations  as  to 
some  of  the  individuals  mentioned  in  that  lady's 
verses  will  be  satisfactory  to  your  correspondent. 

1.  Gascoigne  was  undoubtedly  Anne,  the  eldest 
daughter  of  Sir  Charles  Gascoigne,  Knight,  who 
became  the  second  wife  of  Thomas,  seventh  Earl 
of  Haddington,  March  6th,   1786.     She  was  re- 
puted to  be  exceedingly  wealthy,  but  erroneously 
it  is  believed,  as  after  her  husband's  death,  May  19, 
1794,  various  alledged  debts  of  her  father  were 
brought  against  her,  which  gave  rise  to  judicial 
proceedings,  affording  pretty  pickings  both  here 
and  in  England,  where  law  is  especially  an  ex- 
pensive luxury  which  few  persons  of  moderate 
means  can  afford  to  enjoy. 

2.  Pulteney  was  the  enormously  rich  lady  who 
was  created  ^Countess  of  Bath.     Her  grandfather 
was  the  cousin  of  the  celebrated  earl  of  that  name, 
who  died  on  July  7,  1764,  and  whose  vast  fortune 
devolved  on  his  relative,  who  had  a  daughter  and 
heiress,  Frances,  the  wife  of  William  Johnstone, 
Esq.,  the  heir  male,  it  is  generally  supposed,  to 
the  Marquisate  of  Annandale.    There  was  only 
one  child  of  the  marriage,  Henrietta  Laura,  who 
married  Sir  James  Murray,  Baronet,  who  took 
the  name  of   Pulteney.     His  lady  was  created 
Baroness  Pulteney  July  23,  1792,  and  Countess 
of  Bath,  October  26th,  1803.     She  died  without 
issue  in  July,  1808,  when  both  titles  became  ex- 
tinct.    There  was  a  report  that  this  lady,  whose 
wealth  was  boundless,  was  a  victim  of  that  most 
unaccountable  disease,  Morbus  pediculosus. 

3.  Torphichen  was  the  ninth  Lord  of  that  title, 
lie  married,  April  6,  1795,  Anne,  only  survivin" 
child  of  Sir  John  Inglis  of  Cramond.     By  this 
lady,  who  survived  him,  he  had  no  family,  and 
the  peerage  went  to  a  cousin,  the  father  of  the 


present  lord.  The  Sandilands  are  heirs  of  line 
of  the  noble  race  of  Douglas.  This  is  a  fact  that 
can  be  established  by  positive  evidence;  but 
really  we  wish  to  be  enlightened  as  to  the  asser- 
tion that  "  This  family,  driven  from  England  by 
the  Conqueror,  settled  in  Scotland  in  the  reign  of 
Malcolm  III."  Why  were  the  Sandilands  ex- 
pelled, and  what  ancient  authentic  record  says 
they  were  ?  The  founder  of  the  family  was 
a  man  of  high  position;  he  was  the  last  Pre- 
ceptor of  Torphichen,  and  when  the  Hospitallers, 
succeeded  to  the  lands  and  privileges  of  the 
Templars,  he  obtained  a  territorial  grant  of  their 
joint  possessions  from  Queen  Mary  by  a  charter, 
in  virtue  of  which,  without  any  specific  creation, 
he  sat  in  Parliament  as  Lord  Torphichen.  Having 
no  issue,  his  nephew,  the  ancestor  of  the  present 
Baron,  became  his  successor. 

4.  Maxwell  was  probably  Sir  William  of  Mon- 
reith,  in  the  county  of  Wigton.  One  of  his 
aunts  was  the  celebrated  Duchess  of  Gordon,  and 
another,  called  Eglantine,  became  the  spouse 
of  Sir  Thomas  Wallace  of  Craigie,  and  created 
considerable  sensation  in  the  fashionable  world 
by  her  behaviour.  She  and  her  husband  figured 
in  the  Court  of  Session  and  House  of  Lords,  in 
suits  reflecting  disgrace  on  them  both.  Lady 
Wallace  was  the  authoress  of  three  plays,  one  of 
which  was  performed  both  in  London  and  Edin- 
burgh, without  much  success.  Sir  William  died 
in  February,  1812.  J.  M. 


EIKON  BASILIKE. 
(3rd  S.  iii.  128,  179,  220,  254.) 

I  have  read  the  above  notes,  and  many  others 
in  "N.  &  Q.,"  and  am  of  opinion  that  a  large 
portion  of  your  pages  might  be  occupied  with  an 
interminable  discussion,  as  to  various  readings 
and  emblematical  differences,  without  bringing  us 
nearer  any  decision  as  to  the  author  of  the  book, 
or  which  was  the  first  edition.  My  only  excuse, 
therefore,  for  making  one  or  two  verbal  remarks, 
is,  that  I  shall  afterward  conclude  with  a  practical 
suggestion. 

I  do  not  find  the  word  "  feral "  had  been  al- 
tered into  "  fatal,"  in  many  of  the  multitudinous 
editions  that  have  come  under  my  notice  down  to 
the  edition  of  1685,  in  which  it  was  still  used. 
Nor  can  I  understand  that  the  occurrence  of 
"  feral "  and  "  cyclopick  "  tend  to  show  that  Dr. 
Gauden  was  the  author.  We  have  to  search  in 
the  year  1648  for  the  first  edition;  and  the  edi- 
tion possessed  by  MR.  SHORTHOUSE,  "reprinted 
in  R.  M.,"  is,  as  far  as  I  know,  the  earliest  in  that 
year  professing  itself  to  be  a  reprint.  In  fact,  it 
has  been  generally  considered  the  7th  edition. 
Assuming  this,  the  chief  value  of  verbal  research 
would  lie  in  any  accordance  or  divergence  of  its 


3"»  S.  V.  JUNE  11,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


485 


text  from  the  other  editions  of  the  same  year. 
For  instance,  in  some  such  editions  the  word  in 
question  is  spelt  (as  in  this  avowed  reprint) 
"  feral ;"  but  there  are  several  in  which  it  is  spelt 
"  ferall."  If  six  editions  were  so  spelt,  and  all 
the  others  with  one  /,  it  might  be  presumed  that 
the  first  edition  would  be  found  among  the  six ; 
but  considering  the  unsettled  state  of  orthography 
at  that  time,  I  should  not  accept  even  that  as 
proof,  without  the  production  of  other  similar 
distinction  concurring  in  the  same  editions. 

One  more  remark  as  to  the  word  "  feral,"  which 
I  have  already  stated  continued  to  be  used  in  the 
1685  edition.  E.  B.  A.  believes  the  word  is  used 
in  all  the  editions,  "  at  least  in  all  published  be- 
fore Milton,  in  Iconoclastes,  in  1649,  ridiculed 
the  use  of  the  word."  The  first  edition  of  Icono- 
clastes  was  printed  in  1649 ;  and  the  second  edi- 
tion, "with  many  enlargements  "  by  the  author, 
in  1650.  In  1770,  the  Rev.  Richard  Baron  care- 
fully edited  the  work ;  and  it  was  reprinted  ver- 
batim from  the  second  edition,  distinguishing  all 
Milton's  enlargements  and  alterations  of  the  first 
edition  by  printing  them  in  italics.  At  pp.  186-7 
occurs,  as  a  quotation,  the  sentence  which  in 
Eikon  Basilike  contains  the  word  "  feral! ";  but 
so  far  from  having  "  ridiculed  the  use  of  the 
word,"  I  find  that  Milton  himself  has  substituted 
the  word  "  fatal,"  and  there  are  no  italics  to  in- 
dicate that  it  was  altered  from  the  first  edition. 

P.  HUTCHINSON  has  evidently  an  early  edition 
of  Eikon  Basilike,  in  which  the  title  exactly  cor- 
responds with  the  earliest  in  my  possession.  Both 
have  the  word  "  ferall,"  but  the  pagination  of  the 
two  quite  different.  He  mentions  a  misprint,  in 
his  edition,  of  the  word  "even"  instead  of  "men." 
It  is  singular  that,  though  the  word  is  "  men  "  in 
mine,  the  m  has  dropped ;  so  that  its  top  is  level 
with  the  cross-line  in  e. 

As  to  the  "  Embleme,"  or  frontispiece,  I  should 
be  glad  if  E.  B.  A.  would  favour  the  readers  of 
"N.  &  Q."  more  at  large  with  his  reasons  for 
thinking  that  an  inquiry  in  that  direction  might 
throw  light  on  the  subject  of  the  first  edition;  and 
also,  state  the  "evidence  that  the  first  edition 
contained  the  Embleme:' 

Dr.  Wagstaffe  wrote, in  1693,  A  Vindication  of 
King  Charles  the  Martyr,  frc.,  #•<?.;  and  at  the 
end  gives  "  an  Account  of  the  several  Impressions 
or  Editions  of  King  Charles  the  Martyr's  most 
Excellent  Book,  intituled  Eikon  Basilike"  In 
1711  appeared  a  third  edition  of  the  Vindication 
in  quarto,  much  enlarged,  and  the  list  of  editions 
of  the  Eikon  greatly  extended.  He  gives  the 
number,  size,  date,  number  of  last  page,  and  num- 
ber of  leaves  occupied  by  "  Contents,"  and  ob- 
vious distinguishing  characteristics  of  fifty-seven 
different  editions.  Considering  the  comparative 
facilities  possessed  by  one  who  lived  nearly  two 
hundred  years  since,  and  the  manifest  labour  of 


his  investigations,  I  think  his  last  list  might  be 
taken  as  the  basis  of  any  further  effort  to  assign 
their  proper  places  to  the  early  editions  of  the 
book. 

I  would  gladly  forward  to  the  editor,  or  any 
reader  and  contributor  who  would  undertake  it, 
all  the  assistance  in  my  power ;  adopting  the 
specific  points  of  difference  in  Dr.  Wagstaffe's 
list,  in  order  that  the  results  might  be  concisely 
codified;  and,  if  sufficiently  important,  inserted 
as  an  amended  list  in  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."  If 
the  task  be  thought  desirable,  and  one  more  com- 
petent should  not  volunteer  to  perform  it,  I  would 
undertake  the  labour  myself,  if  the  contributors 
would,  without  delay,  forward  their  communica- 
tions through  the  Editor.  W.  LEE. 


JUSTICE  (3rd  S.  v.  436.)  — Blackstone  (i.  351) 
shows  how  the  conservation  of  the  peace  was  taken 
from  the  people,  and  given  to  the  king;  and  it 
was  not  till  the  statute  34  Edward  III.  c.  1,  gave 
the  conservators,  wardens,  or  keepers  of  the  peace 
the  power  of  trying  felonies,  that  they  acquired 
the  more  honourable  appellation  of  justices. 
Many  acts  of  parliament  speak  of  one  or  more 
justices  of  the  peace;  the  last  I  have  referred  to, 
26  &  27  Viet.  c.  77,  passed  July  28,  1863,  shows 
that  the  designation  is  still  in  full  legal  force, 
although  the  term  magistrate  is  more  popularly 
used.  But  the  Justice  of  the  Peace  is  only  one 
description  of  magistrate  (Blackstone,  i.  349), 
tbat  title  applying  to  the  king,  the  chancellor,  the 
other  judges,  as  well  as  to  sheriffs,  mayors, 
aldermen,  coroners,  &c.  The  Police  Magistrate 
is  a  new  officer,  whose  appellation  implies  that  he 
has  been  appointed  since  the  conversion  of  the 
constabulary  into  police,  within  the  last  thirty- 
five  years.  T.  J.  BUCK-TON. 

PARADIN'S  "DEVISES  HEROIQUES  "  (3rd  S.  v.  339, 
447.) — Niceron,  in  his  Memoires  pour  servir  a 
VHistoire  des  Hommes  Illustres  dans  la  Republi- 
que  des  Lettres,  states  that  the  first  edition  of  the 
Devises  Heroiques  was  published  at  Lyons  in  1557. 
Brunet,  in  his  Manuel  du  Libraire,  gives  the  same 
place  and  date,  and  so  does  the  Biographic  Uni- 
verselle.  With  respect  to  the  date,  and  what  was 
the  first  edition,  Dibdin  and  the  French  authori- 
ties just  mentioned  must  be  left  to  settle  the 
question  the  best  way  they  can  among  themselves. 
But  as  to  the  place,  I  am  certainly  in  error,  hav- 
ing* by  a  lapsus  penncB,  written  Paris  instead  of 
Lyons.  W.  PINKEBTON. 

HEBREW  MSS.  (3rd  S.  v.  399.)— The  statement 
of  Dr.  VV.  Wall  that  in  A.D.  125  there  were  several 
MS.  copies  of  the  Hebrew  Bible  with  various 
readings,  which  the  Rabbis  at  Tiberias  destroyed, 
is  conjectural.  The  rule  has  always  been  to  de- 
stroy erroneous  copies  of  the  law.  Nevertheless, 


486 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


*  S.  V.  JUNE  11,  '64. 


the  copies  in  use  now  in  the  Jewish  synagogues 
contain  admitted  and  recognised  errors.  The 
original  MS.  of  the  present  copies  appears  to  have 
had  errata ;  and  some  errors  possibly  existed  even 
in  the  first  autographs,  and  would  certainly  arise  in 
subsequent  apographs,  notwithstanding  every  care. 
The  Rabbis  say  "Be  admonished  in  thy  work, 
since  it  is  a  heavenly  one,  lest  thou  shouldst  take 
away  or  add  a  letter,  and  devastate  the  whole 
world." 

The  present  Jewish  MSS.  and  printed  He- 
brew Bibles,  therefore,  contain  the  text  with  ac- 
knowledged errata,  such  errata,  formerly  noted  in 
a  book  called  the  Masorah,  have  been  added  par- 
tially, in  recent  times,  in  the  margin  or  foot 
of  each  page.  When  we  now  publish  a  mis- 
printed work,  errata  are  appended ;  but,  on  a 
second  edition  being  required,  the  errors  _in  the 
text  are  corrected,  and  the  errata  are  eliminated. 
Not  so  with  the  Hebrew  Bible  and  MSS.;  the  text 
is  still  written  and  printed  with  the  same  errors, 
and  the  same  list  of  errata ;  the  intention  being  to 
show  what  the  actual  state  of  the  text  was  at  its 
first  recension.  Although  the  Masorah,  or  list  of 
errata,  may  have  been  extended  in  more  recent 
times,  a  Masorah  did  exist  prior  to  the  Talmud, 
or  between  the  third  and  sixth  century  after 
Christ ;  for  it  is  not  likely,  as  the  Jews  believe, 
that  our  present  Masorah  contains  anything  so 
remote  as  Ezra  (B.C.  515).  Besides  errata,  the 
Masora  contains  other  matter,  such  as  the  enu- 
meration of  letters,  &c.,  all  however  bearing  on 
one  object — the  preservation  of  the  existing  text. 

The  first  Jewish  collation  we  read  of  was  that 
of  the  schools  of  Tiberias  and  Babylon  in  the 
eighth  century,  when  the  Five  Books  of  Moses 
were  found  to  agree,  but  in  other  parts  of  the 
Bible  the  differences  (various  readings)  were  218 
or  220  in  number. 

The  works  to  be  consulted  are  BuxtorfTs  Tibe- 
rias, Van  der  Hooght's  Preface,  Kennicott's  Dis. 
Gen.,  Eichhorn's  Einl.  A.  T.  s.  131, 140-158  ;  and 
the  authorities  quoted  by  Eichhorn. 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

BEZOAR  STONES  (3rd  S.  v.  398.)  —  Some  notice 
of  this  once  valued  substance,  its  origin  and  sup- 
posed occult  properties,  will  be  found  in  most  old 
treatises,  De  Secretis,  &c.,  and  in  the  various  his- 
tories of  precious  and  other  stones  by  Boece  de 
Boot,  Leonardus,  Baccius,  and  others.  These, 
however,  are  too  numerous  for  citation,  and  would 
moreover  hardly  repay  for  the  trouble  of  refer- 
ence. The  following  is  more  specially  devoted  to 
the  subject :  — 

"Experiments  and  Observations  upon  Oriental  and 
other  Bezoar  Stones,  which  prove  them  to  be  of  no  use  in 
Physick,  &c.,  by  Frederick  Slare.  London,  8vo,  1715." 

The  celebrated  botanist,  Caspar  Bauhin,  has 
also  left  a  monograph  on  the  subject,  De  Lapide 
Bezoar,  Bale,  8vo,  1613,  2nd  ed.  1625.  Reference 


may  also  be  made  to  the  curious  and  rare  work 
by  Monaides  :  — 

"  Joyfull  Newes  out  of  the  New-found  Worlde,  whereiu 
are  declared  the  rare  and  singular  virtues  of  divers 
Herbes,  Trees,  Plantes,  Oyles,  whereunto  are  added  three 
other  Books  treating  of  the  Bezoar  Stone,  the  Herbe  Es- 
cuerconera,  the  Properties  of  Iron  and  Steele  in  Medicine, 
and  the  benefit  of  Snow.  Englished  by  Jhon  Frampton, 
Merchant,  4to,  1577." 

Bezoar  stone,  as  a  curative  agent,  was  held  in 
some  estimation  till  the  end  of  the  seventeenth 
century.  Dr.  Guybert  in  France  had  done  much 
to  destroy  belief  in  its  efficacy,  in  his  treatise  Les 
Tromperies  du  Bezoar  decouvertes.  He  was  fol- 
lowed by  others,  Pauli,  Dimmerbrook,  &c.,  and  in 
England,  R.  Pitt  devotes  three  or  four  pages  to 
the  subject,  with  some  valuable  references  in  his  — 

"  Craft  and  Frauds  of  Physick  Expos'd.  The  very  low 
Prices  of  the  best  Medicines  discovered  ;  the  costly  Medi- 
cines, now  in  greatest  Esteem,  such  as  Bezoar,  Pearl,  &c., 
Censur'd,  &c.,  12mo,  London,  1703." 

There  is  also  a  chapter  "De  Lepore  cornuto, 
et  Bezoar  occidental!  "  in  the  Epistola  Medici- 
nales  of  Thomas  Bartholinus(12mo,  Hafnise,  1663), 
see  epist.  Ixxix.  cent.  ii.  p.  650. 

WILLIAM  BATES. 

Birmingham. 

PASSAGE  IN  ARISTOPHANES  (3rd  S.  iv.  148.)  — 
The  passage  is  not  in  Aristophanes  :  it  is  a  frag- 
ment of  The  ApJirodisian  of  Antiphanes,  preserved 
by  Athenaeus. 

A.  riorep'  OTO.V  jWeAAco   Xtyeiv  ffoi   T}\V 


''H  rpoxov  pujwanri  TCVKT^V  KoiXoffc&fJ.aTOi'  KVTOS, 
TlXaffrbu  e/c  yaias,  ei/  &\\r)  ptTphv  OTmj 
Neoyevovs  Trotjtij/Tjs  8'  eV  avrfj  TTVIKTO.  ya\a.Todpe(j.p.ova 
TaKepoxpcor',  e?5?j  Kiiovffav;    B.  'Hpa/cAets, 
"'ApTt  jw',  et    ^  yvuptfjius  /*oi  Trdvv    ^>pa<reis 


A,   E3  \eyeis  .  BovOys  fj.e\iff<rr)s  vapaaiv  8e 
MTjKaSwi'  aiyS)V  cwr6p'povv  Op6/j.§ov,  e 
Els  TrXarv  (rreyaffrpov,  ayvrjs  irapBevov  ATJOUS 
A-STTTOffwOeTOLS  rpofywffuv  /Avplois  KaXv^affiv, 
WH  (Ta<pco5  irXaKOWTa  (ppdfa  ffoi  ;    B.  TlXaKovura  §ov- 
\ofjiai. 

A.  Bpo/itciSos  S'  t'Sp&JTa  TT'fryrjs  ;     B.   Olvoi/  etTre  ffuvTep-uv. 

A.  A.i§d8a  vvfjityaiav  Spoff&S-ri  ;     B.  H.apa.\nrb>v  vSup  fyaQi* 

A.   KaffLoirvovv  5'  at/pay  5i'  aiQpas  ;      B.   ~S.jj.vpvav  etVe  ^ 


TOIOUT'  &X\o  jU.TjSe*',  fj.t]$ev,  ffjLird\iv  \iyca, 
On  "SoKet  TOUT'  epyov  elvai  jiet'fo*'"  &s  typcuriv  rives, 
"  Avrb    fj.lv    jUTjSey,    Trap     avrb    5'    &\\a 


Deipnosophistarum,  1.  x.  c.  70.     Meineke,  Poetarum  co- 
micorum  Grcacorum  Fragmenta,  p.  357.     Paris,  1855. 

The  Jewish  Spy  is  the  absurd  title  given  to  the 
English  translation  of  the  Lettres  Juives,  by  the 
Marquis  d'Argens.  I  have  not  seen  the  edition  of 
1778,  cited  by  C.  E.  W.  The  only  one  I  can 
find  in  the  British  Musem  is  Dublin,  1753,  4  vols. 


3«i  g.  v.  JUNE  11,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


487 


12mo,  and  has  no  translator's  notes.  Lowndes 
does  not  mention  any  edition.  I  have  no  doubt 
that  the  note  is  to  Lettre  174,  torn.  vi.  p.  277. 
La  Haye,  1777.  H.  B.  C. 

U.  U.  Club. 

PLAGIARISMS  (3rd  S.  v.  432,  433.)  —  ME.  RED- 
MOND is  inaccurate  in  his  quotation  from  Sir  Wal- 
ter Scott's  ballad  of  "  Lochinvar."  The  words, 
which  I  take  from  a  copy  of  Marmion  now  before 
me,  are  — 
"  She  looked  down  to  blush,  and  she  looked  up  to  sigh, 

With  a  smile  on  her  lips,  and  a  tear  in  her  eye." 

There  is  here  no  such  word  as  reproof;  and 
while  Mr.  Lover  writes  "  a  smile  in  her  eye,"  Sir 
Walter  puts  a  tear  in  that  organ,  and  places  the 
smile  on  her  lips,  while  Mr.  Lover  puts  reproof 
there.  Neither  is  there  the  least  resemblance 
between  Mr.  Lover's  first  two  lines,  and  the  first 
line  of  Sir  Walter,  as  I  have  quoted  it.  Surely 
it  is  too  much  to  hint  at  plagiarism  from  what  can 
hardly  be  called  even  coincidence  of  expression. 

G. 

Edinburgh. 

SUKNAMES  (3rd  S.  v.  443.)— S.  REDMOND  seems 
to  confound  the  two  meanings  of  the  word  "  sur- 
name:" the  hereditary  name  descending  from 
father  to  son,  to  which  we  give  the  name  "sur- 
name ; "  and  the  simple  second  name,  applied  in 
cases  of  likely  confusion  between  two. 

Now  in  the  case  mentioned  by  S.  REDMOND  of 
the  name  Iscariot  given  to  Judas  the  traitor,  this 
appears  to  me  in  no  way  whatever  to  prove  "  that 
the  Jews  had  double  names  at  least;"  Iscariot 
being,  as  is  well  known,  a  mere  to-name,  as  the 
Scotch  call  it,  given  to  distinguish  him  from  the 
other  Judas,  whom  we  call  St.  Jude.  The  other 
instances  of  double  names  in  the  gospels  may  all 
be  shown  to  belong  to  those  whose  identity  might 
probably,  or  at  least  possibly,  have  been  mistaken. 
We  have  James  Boanerges,  when  there  were 
two  named  James  among  the  disciples ;  we  have 
Simon  Peter,  and  Simon  the  Canaanite,  in  a  simi- 
lar case  ;  and,  at  a  later  time,  we  have  Joses  Bar- 
nabas, and  Joses  the  Lord's  brother. 

CHARLES  F.  S.  WARREN. 

SIR  EDWARD  MAY  (3rd  S.  v.  35,  65,  &c.)  — Sir 
Thomas  May,  of  May  field,  Sussex,  Knt.,  had  a 
second  son  Edward,  who  died  in  Dublin,  March  8, 
1640.  Fourth  in  descent  from  him  was  Sir  James 
of  Mayfield,  co.  Waterford,  created  a  baronet  in 
1763.  He  left  surviving  issue  (with  two  daugh- 
ters) three  sons:  1.  Sir  James-Edward;  2.  Sir 
Humphrey ;  3.  Sir  George  Stephen.  All  of  whom 
successively  inherited  the  title,  which  became  ex- 
tinct on  the  death  of  Sir  George,  on  January  2, 
1834.  Besides  the  Marchioness  of  Donegal,  Sir 
James-Edward  (commonly  called  Sir  Edward) 
May  had  several  other  children — all  supposed  to  be 


illegitimate.    The  May  arms  are,  "  Gu.  a  fess  be- 
tween eight  billets  or." 

H.  LOFTUS  TOTTENHAM. 

A  crest,  "  out  of  a  ducal  coronet  or,  a  lion's 
head  gu.,"  was  granted  in  1573  to  the  Mays  of 
Rawmere,  Sussex,  with  the  arms  mentioned  at 
p.  65.  The  Mays  of  London  and  of  Pashley, 
Sussex,  bore  for  a  crest,  with  the  same  arms, 
"  out  of  ducal  coronet  or,  a  leopard's  head  gu. 
bezantee."  I  cannot  identify  the  crest  used  by 
Sir  Edward  May,  nor  can  I  give  his  motto.  I  am 
disposed  to  think  that  one  of  the  Mays  above  men- 
tioned was  the  settler  in  Ireland  rather  than  that 
one  of  the  Irish  family  settled  in  London.  There 
was  a  distinct  Irish  family  of  the  name  bearing 
different  arms.  From  your  recent  intimation  as 
to  family  queries  (p.  430),  I  am  induced  to  say 
that  I  will  reply  to  any  direct  inquiry  CARILFORD 
may  wish  to  make  if  I  can  be  of  further  use. 

R.  WOOF. 
Guildhall,  Worcester. 

MOUNT  ATHOS  (3rd  S.  v.  437.)  —  SIGMA-THETA 
will  find,  in  the  Nouvelle  Biographic  Generale,- 
tome  xxxv,  col.  600,  an  account  of  Minoi'de  Minas, 
or  Mynas,  in  which  it  is  stated  that  — 

"  M.  Minoide  Minas  trouva  dans  les  monasteres  du 
mont  Athos  quelques  manuscrits,  parini  lesquels  deux 
sont  importants  :  1'un  contient  une  Refutation  de  toutes 
les  Heresies  et  parait  etre  I'ceuvre  de  saint  Hippolyte; 
1'autre  renferme  des  fables  en  vers  choriambiques  par 
Babrius,  dont  le  manuscrit  original  fut  vendu  par  lui 
subrepticement  au  British-Museum,  tandisqu'il  avait 
affirme  &  M.  A.  Firmin  Didot  et  &  M.  Villemain  qu'il  ne 
possedait  que  la  copie  qu'il  en  avait  faite  au  mont  Athos, 
oil  ce  raanuscrit  etait  rests'." 

The  following  authorities  are  given  at  the  end 
of  the  article  :  — 

"  Rapport  adresse  a  M.  le  Ministre  de  V  Instruction  pub- 
lique  par  M.  Minoide  Mynas,  Paris,  1846,  in  8°.—  Revu  de 
Bibliographic  de  MM.  Miller  et  Aubenas,  t.  v.  p.  80." 


Dublin. 

QUADALQUIVIR  (3rd  S.  v.  435.)  —  Your  corre- 
spondent O.  T.  D.  may  not  be  aware,  that  another 
derivation  of  the  river  Quadalquivir  is  given  by 
Mr.  Ford  ;  and  I  think  the  etymology  is  the  more 
correct,  and  more  probable  one.  These  are  his 
words  :  — 

"  The  Quadalquivir,  '  the  Great  River,'  is  the  '  Wada- 
1-Kebir,'  or  '  Wdda-1-Adhem  '  of  the  Moors,  and  traverses 
Andalucia  from  E.  to  W.  The  Zincali,  or  Spanish  gip- 
sies, also  call  it  Len  Baro,  the  '  Great  River.'  "—Handbook 
for  Spain,  Part  I.  p.  155,  edit.  London,  1855. 

Another  writer  —  the  anonymous  author  of  an 
interesting  work  entitled  A  Summer  in  Andalucia 
(vol.  i.,  London,  1839,  p.  149),  gives  the  same 
derivation  of  Quadalquivir.  He  quotes  the  Ara- 
bic name,  "  Wad-ul-Kibeer,"  meaning  "  the  Great 
River,"  and  remarks  "that,  though  the  Arabic 
word  Wad  strictly  signifies  valley,  it  was  often 


488 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3«»  S.  V.  JUNE  11,  '64. 


used  by  the  Spanish  Moors  in  the  sense  of  river." 
If  this  etymology  be  correct,  then  the  river  Gua- 
dalete  will  mean  "  the  river  Lethe," — the  original 
name  A^0?7  having  been  preserved  by  the  Moors. 
Mr.  Ford,  however,  informs  us,  that  the  ancient 
name  of  the  Guadalete  was  Chrysos,  "  the  golden ;" 
but  the  Moors  changed  it  into  Wad-al-leded,  "  the 
river  of  delight" — "  el  rio  de  deleite."  (Part  i.  ut 
supra,  p.  159).  J.  I) ALTON. 

Norwich. 

I  presume  there  can  be  little,  if  any  doubt,  that 
Guadalquivir  is  simply  a  corruption  of  Wady-el- 
Kebir,  "  the  great  water-course,"  by  which  the 
Arabic-speaking  Moors  naturally  designated  the 
majestic  river  which  they  found  flowing  past 
Seville  on  their  conquest  of  southern  Spain.  This 
etymology  is  confirmed  by  the  mode  of  spelling, 
as  well  as  by  the  accent,  which  is  on  the  last 
syllable.  The  word  is  pronounced  as  if  written 
Gwadalkeveer. 

On  the  same  principle,  the  modern  Arabs  call 
the  Jordan  Sher? at-el-Kelir,  "  the  great  water- 
ing-place." In  both  cases,  the  epithet  el-Kelir  is 
intended  to  express  the  striking  contrast  in  the 
eye  of  a  dweller  in  the  desert,  between  a  large 
and  perennial  river  and  the  less  important  streams, 
generally  mere  winter-torrents,  with  which  they 
are  more  familiar.  E.  W. 

BALLAD  QUERIES  (3rd  S.  v.  376.)  —  There  is  a 
version  of  the  ballad,  "  Sir  Aage  and  Else,"  to  be 
found  near  the  end  of  a  volume,  entitled  Goethe, 
a  New  Pantomime,  by  Edward  Kenealy,  London, 
MDCCCL.  No  publisher.  Printed  by  Levey,  Rob- 
son,  &  Franklyn,  Great  New-street,  Fetter  Lane. 
W.  J.  BERNHARD  SMITH. 

Temple. 

BATTLES  IN  ENGLAND  (3rd  S.  v.  398.)  —  The 
affray  at  Radcot  Bridge.  Your  correspondent  will, 
I  think,  find  that  Thos.  Walsingham,  in  his  His- 
toria  Anglicana,  gives  a  tolerably  graphic  account 
of  Richard's  favourite,  the  "  Dux  Hiberniro,"  ga- 
thering a  force  together  in  Cheshire  and  Wales, 
and  his  defeat  and  flight  at  Radcot.  Lingard  has 
given  us  a  fair  account  of  it,  and  fuller  than  most 
historians.  He  refers  to  Rot.  Parl.  236,  and 
Ruyght,  2701-2073. 

Walsingham  says,  when  speaking  of  the  posi- 
tion of  the  place  — 

"  Kepressis  Dominis  a  conflictu,  qui  fuit  juxta  Barford, 
prope  Babbelake,  ubi  militibus  qui  convenerunt  cum  Duce 
Hiberniae."  —  Hist.  Aug.,  Thorn*  Wals.,  ed.  H.  T.  Kiley, 
M.A.  London :  Longman,  1864. 

Turner  spells  the  word  "Redecot;"  on  what 
authority  I  know  not. 

JOHN  BOWEN  ROWLANDS. 
The  Union  Club,  Oxford. 

SACK  (3rd  S.  v.  328.)  — Your  correspondent, 
JUXTA  TURRIM,  is  a  little  hasty  in  his  conclusions 
on  behalf  of  his  seductive  favourite,  canarie  sack. 


Let  me  refer  him  to  an  older  authority  than  even 
his  old  friend  the  wine  merchant  —  the  very  au- 
thority to 'which  he  refers  his  readers,  and  which 
he  appears  to  have  only  cursorily  consulted,  viz. 
The  Life  of  Marmaduke  liawdon.  From  the  in- 
troduction to  that  work,  he  will  find  that  the 
original  sack  was  sherry.  Mr.  Davies,  the  editor, 
quotes  from  Gervlise  Markham's  English  House- 
wife,  as  follows :  "  Your  best  sack  is  of  Xeres  in 
Spain ;  your  smaller  of  Gallicia  and  Portugal. 
Your  strong  sacks  are  of  the  Isles  of  the  Canaries 
and  Malligo." 

This  agrees  with  all  the  articles  in  cyclo- 
paedias on  this  subject  which  I  have  consulted. 
They  all  describe  the  original  sack  as  from  Xeres. 
As  an  appellation  of  sherry  wine,  however,  it  has 
been  long  dropped ;  the  fact  that  canarie  was  the 
stronger  liquor  was  doubtless  the  reason  why  it 
eventually  monopolised  the  name  of  sack,  as  it 
clearly  seems  to  have  done  in  modern  times.  I 
quite  concur  with  your  correspondent  respecting 
its  derivation  from  saccus;  saccharum  has  been  sug- 
gested by  some.  IN  VINO  VERITAS. 

THE  ENGLISH  CHURCH  IN  ROME  (3rd  S.  v.  431.) 
The  letter  by  MR.  VINCENT  is  very  clear  in  its 
statements,  and  will  no  doubt  remove  misapprehen- 
sions. But  it  is  worth  while  to  make  a  note  as  to 
its  heading,  which  might  lead  to  mistakes.  That 
heading,  which  I  place  at  the  beginning  of  my 
note,  is  incorrect.  Except  to  the  small  number 
of  persons  interested  in  the  building,  the  designa- 
tion would  point  to  a  very  different  place,  unless 
amplified  by  the  word  "Protestant."  The  real 
designation  is  "  The  English  Protestant  church  or 
chapel  in  Rome." 

For  many  ages  an  English  church  has  existed  in 
Rome.  Murray,  in  his  Hand-Booh  (ed.  1843), 
says  :  — 

«  S.  Tommaso  degli  Inglesi  in  the  Trastevere 

This  church  cannot  fail  to  interest  the  English  traveller. 
It  was  founded  in  775  by  Offa,  King  of  the  East  Saxons 
(it  should  be  the  Mercians),  and  dedicated  to  the  Holy 
Trinity.  A  hospital  was  afterwards  built  by  a  wealthy 
Englishman  for  English  pilgrims.  The  church  was  de- 
stroyed by  fire  in  817,  and  rebuilt  by  Egbert  (Ethel- 
wulph.)  Thomas  &  Becket,  during  his  visit  to  Rome, 
lodged  in  the  hospital ;  and  on  his  canonisation  by  Alex- 
ander III the  church  was  dedicated  to  him  as  St. 

Thomas  of  Canterbury." 

The  English  Hospitium  has  long  ceased  to  exist 
in  the  Trastevere ;  and  so  far  the  account  in  the 
Hand-Book  is  inexact.  But  it  has  existed  as  the 
English  college,  on  the  other  side  of  the  Tiber,  for 
about  300  years.  The  church  was  destroyed 
during  the  French  republican  occupation.  The 
small  church  within  the  college,  mentioned  in 
Murray's  Hand-Booh,  preserves  the  dedication  of 
St.  Thomas  of  Canterbury,  or,  as  it  is  known  in 
Italy,  S.  Tommaso  degli  Inglesi.  At  the  present 
moment  great  exertions  are  being  made  to  obtain 
funds  to  rebuild  the  destroyed  church.  It  stood 


3'*  S.  V.  JUNE  11,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


489 


by  the  side  of  the  college,  and  it  is  to  be  replaced 
by  a  new  one  on  the  same  spot.  The  tomb  of 
Bainbridge,  Cardinal  Archbishop  of  York,  was 
saved,  and  is  now  in  the  cloister  of  the  English 
college,  with  others  of  great  interest.  These  may 
all  be  replaced  within  new  walls,  before  the  foun- 
dation of  Ina  and  Ofia  has  quite  completed  its 
twelfth  century,  in  The  English  Church  in  Rome. 

D.  P. 
Stuarts  Lodge,  Malvern  Wells. 

THE  RED  CROSS  KNIGHTS  v.  "  QUEEN'S  GAR- 
DENS "  (3rd  S.  v.  407.) — It  is  all  very  well  to  defend 
Cock  Robin,  but  we  must  not  scandalise  the  Red 
Cross  Knights.  They,  f.  e.  the  Templars,  were  a 
religious  order,  bound  like  monks  to  celibacy,  and 
forbidden  "  to  kiss  mother  or  sister,  aunt,  or  any 
other  woman."  *  "  Guarding  marriage  beds,"  and 
"  defending  lady  loves  "  was  therefore  out  of  the 
question  with  them.  P.  P. 

GREATOREX  (2nd  S.  iii.  510 ;  3rd  S.  v.  399, 447.) 
The  following  occurs  in  the  accounts  of  the  city 
of  Worcester,  for  the  year  1666  :  — 

"  The  Charge  of  Entertaynment  of  Mr.  Gratrix. 

£   s.   d. 

Spent  the  day  he  came  hither  -  -  -  0  7  0 
To  William  tompkins  for  cyder  -  -  -  0  3  10 
To  James  Arden  for  carieing  of  cyder  for  him  -  0  5  0 
To  Mr.  Nicholas  Baker  for  his  expences  in 

severall  journeyes  to  pcure  Mr.  Gratricks 

hither 0  15    0 

To  a  messenger  for  goeing  to  the  Lord  Windsor's 

and  other  charges        -        -        -        -        -050 

To  Mr.  Gratrick's  man 050 

To  Mr.  Wythie  for  his  entertaynment  at  his 

house          -        -        -        -        -        -        -500 

To  Mr.  Richard  Smyth  for  the  charge  at  his 

house          -        -        -        -        -        -        -224 

To  Mr.  Read  and  Mr.  Solley  for  wyne  at  that 

entertaynment 11010 

£10  14    0 

(Side  note.")  "  Note,  this  was  an  Irishman,  famous  for 
helping  and  cureing  many  lame  and  diseased  people,  only 
by  streaking  of  their  maladies  with  his  band,  and  there- 
fore sent  for  to  this  and  many  other  places." 

R.W. 

Guildhall,  Worcester. 

MAJOR-GENERAL  PORTLOCK  (3rd  S.  v.  425.)  — 
It  may  be  well  to  add  to  what  has  been  mentioned 
of  the  late  General  Portlock,  that  (as  stated  in  a 
letter  from  Mr.  J.  Beete  Jukes,  Local  Director 
for  Ireland,  to  the  editor  of  Sawders' s  News- Let- 
ter, dated  March  7th,  1864)  :  — 

"  Mrs.  Portlock  has  presented  to  the  existing  Geologi- 
cal Survey  of  Ireland  all  the  geological  part  of  the  late 
General's  library,  consisting  of  many  valuable  works  in 
English,  French,  and  German,  maps,  drawings,  periodi- 
cals, &c.,  amounting  altogether  to  upwards  of  a  thousand. 
Ihis  donation  was  made  on  condition  of  the  books  being 

pt  separate  as  the  « Portlock  Library,'  and  preserved  as 

elongmg  to  the  'Geological  Survey  of  Ireland,'  which, 

ie  letter  of  presentation  expressed  it, 'is  a  national 

*  See  Addison's  Knights  Templar  f,  p.  18. 


work,  in  which  the  general  had  always  felt  a  deep  in- 
terest.' " 

I  need  scarcely  remark  that  the  books,  &c., 
have  been  gratefully  accepted,  and  their  safe  cus- 
tody guaranteed,  and  Mrs.  Portlock's  generosity 
suitably  acknowledged  by  the  Director-General  of 
the  Geological  Survey  of  the  United  Kingdom, 
Sir  R.  J.  Murchison.  ABHBA. 

SIB  EDWARD  GORGES,  KNT.  (3rd  S.  v.  377, 
443.) — There  is  an  account  of  Helen,  wife  of  Sir 
Thomas  Gorges,  Knt.  (which  may  identify  some 
of  the  persons  named  in  Sir  Edward  Gorges'  will) 
in  the  Topographer  and  Genealogist,  1853,  vol.  iii. 
p.  355 :  — 

"  William  Parr,  Marquis  of  Northampton,  married 
third  Helen,  daughter  of  Wolfgangus  Snachenburg,  died 
1635.  None  of  our  genealogists  appear  to  know  much  of 
this  lady.  She  is  thus  noticed  by  a  contemporary,  Bishop 
Parkhurst,  in  a  letter  to  Bullinger  dated  August  10, 
1571 :_ «The  Marquis  of  Northampton  died  about  the 
beginning  of  August,  when  I  was  in  London.  He  mar- 
ried a  very  beautiful  German  girl,  who  remained  in  the 
Queen's  court  after  the  departure  of  the  Margrave  of 
Baden  and  Cecilia  his  wife  from  England.'  The  same 
fact  is  confirmed  by  the  statements  of  her  epitaph  in 
Salisbury  Cathedral,  which  adds  that  she  became  a  lady 
of  the  bedchamber  to  Queen  Elizabeth,  and  having  mar- 
ried, second,  Sir  Thomas  Gorges  of  Longford,  Wilts,  had 
issue  by  him  four  sons  and  three  daughters.  She  sur- 
vived Sir  Thomas  for  twenty- five  years,  and  died  on  the 
1st  of  April,  1635,  aged  eighty-six.  In  Sir  R.  C.  Hoare's 
South  Wiltshire  are  three  beautiful  folio  plates  of  her 
monument,  which  includes  whole-length  recumbent  effi- 
gies of  the  Countess  and  Sir  Thomas  Gorges." 

A.  F.  B. 

TOUT  (3rd  S.  v.  211,  311,  429.)  — In  Scotland 
it  is  common  to  speak  of  a  tout  on  a  horn,  and  of 
touting  on  a  horn.  A  touter  is  merely,  as  I  take 
it,  one  who  blows  a  horn  or  trumpet  in  favour  of 
something  or  somebody.  R.  C. 

Edinburgh. 

JOHN  HEMING,  1677  (3rd  S.  v.  355.)  — The 
arms  as  on  his  monument  were — A.  on  a  chev., 
S.  3  pheons  of  the  first  between  3  lions'  heads 
erased  of  the  second,  impaling  per  pale  indented 
arg.  and  gules,  which  may  perhaps  be  for  Pen- 
rice,  a  family  formerly  connected  with  Worces- 
tershire. I  do  not  know  his  crest  and  motto. 

H.  S.  G. 

TALBOT  PAPERS  (3rd  S.  v.  437.)— This  name  is 
given  to  fifteen  volumes  in  the  library  of  the  Col- 
lege of  Arms,  to  which  they  were  given  by  Henry, 
sixth  Duke  of  Norfolk,  of  the  Howards.  They 
contain  upwards  of  6000  original  letters  to  and 
from  the  fourth,  fifth,  sixth,  and  seventh  Earls  of 
Shrewsbury,  besides  many  valuable  public  papers, 
such  as  royal  surveys,  muster  rolls  of  several  of 
the  midland  counties,  abbey  leases,  and  other  to- 
pographical matters  of  importance. 

Many  of  the  most  interesting  papers  are  com- 
prised in  the  late  Mr.  Edmund  Lodge's  Illustra- 
tions of  British  History,  Biography,  and  Manners. 


490 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  JUNE  11,  '64. 


To  the  second  edition  of  that  work  (Lond.  3  vols. 
8vo,  1838)  Mr.  Lodge  appended  a  Catalogue  or 
Calendar  of  the  unpublished  Talbot  Papers. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

LASSO  (3rd  S.  v.  442,  466.)— 

"  The  use  of  the  lasso  was  common  in  ancient  times  to 
many  of  the  natives  of  Western  Asia.  It  is  to  be  seen 
(used  to  catch  wild  animals)  in  the  Assyrian  sculptures, 
now  in  the  British  Museum."  —  Rawlinson's  Herodotus, 
iv.  75,  note. 

See  also,  Rawlinson's  Five  Great  Monarchies, 
p.  78. 

The  lasso  is  also  represented  as  used  in  hunting 
in  Egyptian  sculptures.  (Wilkinson's  Ancient 
Egyptians,  Popular  Account,  vol.  i.  p.  220.) 

Jt  is  used  in  the  present  day  in  hunting  by 
Siberian  tribes.  (Erman's  Siberia,  vol.  ii.) 

EDEN  WARWICK. 

Birmingham. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 
The  Annual  Register;  a  Review  of  Public  Events  at  Home 

and  Abroad,  for  the  Year  1863.    New  Series.   (Riving- 

tons.) 

For  upwards  of  a  century  has  the  Annual  Register  ful- 
filled its  useful  and  special  vocation  of  preserving  a  re- 
cord of  the  chief  public  incidents  of  the  year  ;  and  a  most 
valuable  record  it  has  become.  But  even  the  Annual 
Register  was  susceptible  of  improvement,  and  the  pub- 
lishers have  accordingly  commenced  a  New  Series,  with 
an  improvement  in  arrangement,  an  improvement  in  the 
selection  of  materials,  and  an  improvement  in  the  mode 
of  printing  ;  so  as  to  give  in  a  handsome  and  convenient 
form  an  account  of  all  the  principal  events  at  home  and 
abroad  during  the  year  ;  a  chronicle  of  the  most  remark- 
able occurrences  likely  to  possess  a  permanent  interest  ; 
law  cases  and  trials  of  importance  ;  biographies  of  cele- 
brities who  have  died  within  the  year,  and  a  selection  of 
important  State  Papers.  Having  brought  the  late  Series 
to  a  close,  let  us  hope  they  will  give  it  completeness  by 
an  Index  to  the  volumes  from  1819  to  1862. 

The  Utilization  of  Minute  Life;  being  Practical  Studies 
on  Insects,  Crustacea,  Mollusca,  Worms,  Polypes,  Infu- 
soria, and  Sponges.  By  Dr.  T.  L.  Phipson,  F.C.S.,  &c. 
(Groombridge  &  Sons.) 

Few  of  us  are  aware  how  wide  is  the  range  of  animals 
useful  to  man,  and  no  one  can  say  how  much  wider  it 
may  yet  become.  Acclimatisation  Societies  ill  this,  and 
several  other  countries,  are  now  engaged  in  the  endeavour 
to  naturalise  the  dumb  denizens  of  other  lands;  and 
public  attention  has  been  much  directed  of  late  to  the 
important  results  attainable  by  the  proper  cultivation  of 
animals  not  generally  regarded  as  domestic,  the  utilisa 
tion  of  new  species,  and  the  creation  of  fresh  breeds.  The 
object  of  Dr.  Phipson's  excellent  little  work  is  to  give 
some  idea  of  the  extent  to  which  these  practical  studies 
are  actually  pursued;  and  what  animals,  a  short  time 
since  almost  ignored,  may  eventually  prove  themselves  a 
source  of  wealth,  comfort,  and  happiness  to  man.  As  he 
has  confined  himself  to  animals  below  the  rank  of  verte- 
brata,  the  popular  subject  of  pisciculture  receives  only  a 
passing  notice  ;  but  there  is  a  most  interesting  account 
of  the  cultivation  of  oysters,  as  well  as  the  pearl  fishery. 
The  chapter  on  silk-producing  and  colour-producing 
insects  are  equally  attractive  to  the  scientific  and  the 


jractical  reader ;  and  there  is  not  a  chapter  that  does  not 
:ontain  numerous  facts  in  natural  history,  on  which  for- 
;unes  have  been  and  might  be  built.  The  book,  there- 
bre,  commends  itself  to  the  notice  of  promoters  of  Joint 
Stock  Companies. 

The  Jest  Book.  The  Choicest  Anecdotes  and  Sayings. 
Selected  and  arranged  by  Mark  Lemon.  (Macmillan 
&Co.) 

Though  it  be  true,  that  "a  jest's  prosperity  lies  in  the 
ear  of  him  that  hears  it,"  yet,  as  we  cannot  all  hear  the 
good  things  that  are  said,  our  thanks  are  due  to  those 
who  collect  them  wisely  and  record  them  well.  Mr. 
Mark  Lemon  has  a  keen  appreciation  of  wit  and  humour ; 
and  this  addition  to  Messrs.  Macmillan's  popular  Golden 
Treasury  Series  has  been  so  carefully  made  by  him,  that 
"  of  the  seventeen  hundred  jests  here  collected,  not  one 
need  be  excluded  from  family  utterance."  This  is  saying 
much  in  its  favour,  more  even  than  that  it  contains 
many  capital  jests  which,  we  suspect,  appear  in  it  for  the 
first  time  in  print. 

A  History  of  the  Ancient  Parish  of  Leek,  in  Staffordshire. 
By  John  Sleigh,  of  the  Inner  Temple.     With  a  Chapter 
on    the    Geology  of  the  Neighbourhood.      By  Thomas 
Wardle  of  Leek  Brook.    (Nail,  Leek ;  and  J.  R.  Smith.) 
Carefully  compiled,  handsomely  illustrated  with  por- 
traits, fac-similes,  &c.,  and  well  indexed,  this  compact 
yet  comprehensive  history  of  the  "  Metropolis  of  the 
Moorlands  "  ought  to  earn  for  Mr.  Sleigh  the  thanks  of 
the  inhabitants  of  that  busy  manufacturing  town,  as  it 
will  assuredly  gain  for  him  from  students  of  English  to- 
pography recognition  as  a  judicious  and  able  antiquary. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose:  — 
PETER  STERRY'S  RACE  AND  ROYALTY  OP   THE  KINGDOM  OF  GOD  IN  THE 

SOUL  OF  MAN.    Also  his  Treatise  ON  THE  WILL. 
Law's  Editions  and  Translations  of  any  of  Jacob  Boehtnen's  Works. 
Any  of  Gerson's  Writings  in  French  or  English. 
Ditto  of  Casa's. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  R.  B.  Hope,  Stanton,  Bebington, Cheshire. 

BANCROFT'S  HISTORY  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES.    The  last  five  volumes. 
Wanted  for  the  Old  City  Library,  Worcester. 


to  communicate, 


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with  real  name  and  address,  with  Mr.  King,  34,  Parliament  Street,  and 
with  L.  S.  H.   Care  of  Mr.  Joseph  Smith,  3,  Oxford  Street,  Whitechapel. 


T.  H.  Our  Correspondent  will  learn  from  Allen's  Hist9ry  of  Lam- 
beth, p.  371,  that  the  Jane  Vaux  residing  in  that  parish  in  the  seven- 
teenth century  does  not  appear  to  have  been  related  to  Guido  Fawkes 
the  conspirator,  who  was  a  descendant  of  the  Fawkes  s  of  York.  A 
family  of  the  name  ofVause,  or  Vaux,had  dwelt  in  Lambeth  for  almost 
a  century  before  that  lime, 

IONORAMDS.  The  origin  of  ringing  a  muffled  peal  at  the  death  of  a 
person  is  of  great  antiquity.  Consult  Brand's  Antiquities,  edit.  1849, 11. 
219,  and"  N.  &  Q."  1st  S.  viii.  130. 

GEO.  W.  MARSHALL.  Fitzalleyne  of  Berkeley,  a  Romance  of  the  Pre- 
sent Times,  8vo,  1825,  is  by  Charles  Molloy  Westmacott,  author  of  TJ 

ERRATA. -3rd  S.  v.  p.  275,  col.  ii.  line  31,  for  "Moroah"  r «ac I 
"  Morvah; "  p.  343,  col.  ii.  line  6,  for  "  or  "  read  "  and; "  p.  470,  col.  i. 
line  I,  for  "  Sawtry  "  read"  Santry." 

***  Cases  for  binding  the  volumes  o/"N.&  Q."  may  be  had  of  the 
Publisher,  and  of  all  Booksellers  and  Nevxmen. 

"NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  ateo 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publisher  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  INDEX)  is  lls.  id.,  which  man  be  paid  by  lost  Office  Or&r, 
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WELLINGTON  STREET,  STBAND,  W.C.,  to  whom  all  COMMCNICATIONS  FOR 
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3'd  S.  V.  JUNE  11,  '64.] 


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found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

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afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
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MEDICAL  MEN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for.  their  Reports  to  the 


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Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
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London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 

OSTEO      EZDOZT. 

Patent,  March  1,  1862,  No.  060. 

flABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH   and 

\T    SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 

ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.    Purest  ma- 

ts and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 

27,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and  34,Ludgate  Hill,  London: 

134,  Duke  Street,  Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 

^nton7hne'T^^ 

ican  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
i  per  set,  warranted. 

BROWN  AND  POLSON'S 

ATENT     CORN      FLOUR, 

Packets,  8d. 
GUARANTEED  PERFECTLY  PURE, 

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DIET  FOR  CHILDREN, 


STARCH  MANUFACTURERS 
TO  H.R.H.  THE  PRINCESS  OF  WALES. 

nLENFIELD     PATENT    STARCH, 

\X  Used  in  the  Royal  Laundry, 

And  awarded  the  Prize  Medal,  1862. 
_  Sold  by  all  Grocers,  Chandlers,  &c.,  &c. 

HOLLOW  AY'S  OINTMENT   AND~PILLS.— 
These  highly  esteemed  medicaments  cannot  be  too  strongly  re- 

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for  the"™  tmah  to.tteri»£  to?ard3  it"  end.  The  ointment  is  a  sped  fie 
nursery  ami  j>™MeVbroXo?81  aPd  eruptions  often  witnessed  In  the 
n«Jn*i  »Y  u  ltlsno  less  efficient  m  healing  up  soundly  and  perma 
artvanoPrt6  chroni%  ulcers  and  bftd  leRS  ^Wch  so  often  liLp  misery  on 
round  mT\  ?y  ,an.early  attention  to  the  instructions  wrapped 
ner^on  tS?,v  PKC-k,et  of  OHrtnwnt  and  pills,  any  moderately  intelligent 
EeaHh  abndee  or  avert  the  discomfort  and  misery  of  chronic  ill 


CHE    LIVERPOOL     AND    LONDON 
FIRE  AND  LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

Established  in  1836. 
OFFICES  :  — 1,  Dale  Street,  Liverpool ;  20  and  21,  Poultry, 

London,  E.C. 

PROGRESS  OF  THE  COMPANY  SINCE  1850. 
Year      Fire  Premiums         Life  Premiums       Invested  Funds 

£  £  £ 

1851  54,305  27,157  502,824 

1856  222,279  72|781  821061 

1861  360,130  135.974  1,311,905 

1863  522,107  143,940  1,566,434 

The  total  amount  of  claims  paid  by  this  Office  is  £3,O4O,4O3 
Us.    I  it. 

SWINTON  BOULT,  Secretary  to  the  Company. 
JOHN  ATKINS,  Resident  Secretary,  London. 


DEBENTURES   at  5,  5£,   and  6   PER  CENT., 
CEYLON  COMPANY,  LIMITED.  Subscribed  Capital,  £350,000. 


Duncan  James  Kay,  Esq. 
Stephen  P.  Kennard,  Esq. 
Patrick  F.  Robertson,  Esq. 
Robert  Smith,  Esq. 


DIRECTORS. 

Lawford  Acland,  Esq.,  Chairman. 
Major-General     Henry    Pelham 

Burn. 

Harry  George  Gordon,  Esq. 
George  Ireland,  Esq. 

MANAGER— C.  J.Braine,  Esq.         ^ 

The  Directors  are  prepared  to  issue  Debentures  for  one,  three,  and 
five  years,  at  5, 5J,  and  6  per  cent,  respectively.  They  are  also  prepared 
to  invest  money  or  mortgage  in  Ceylon  and  Mauritius,  either  with  or 
without  the  Guarantee  of  the  Company,  as  may  be  arranged. 

Applications  for  particulars  to  be  made  at  the  Office  of  the  Company, 
No.  12,  Leadenhall  Street,  London,  E.C. 

By  Order,  JOHN  ANDERSOX,  Secretary. 


HEDGES    &    BUTLER,  Wine  Merchants,   &c. 
recommend  and  GUARANTEE  the  following  WINES :  - 
Pure  wholesome  CLARET,  as  drunk  at  Bordeaux,  18s.  and  24s. 
per  dozen. 

White  Bordeaux 24s.  and  30s.  per  doz. 

GoodHock 30s.,,    36s.       „ 

Sparkling  Epernay  Champagne 36s.,  42s.    „     48s.       „ 

Good  Dinner  Sherry 24s.    „    30s.       „ 

Port 24s.,30s.    „     36s.       „ 

They  invite  the  attention  of  CONNOISSEURS  to  their  varied  stock 
of  CHOICE  OLD  PORT,  consisting  of  Wines  of  the 

Celebrated  vintage  1820  at  120s.  per  doz. 

Vintage  1834 ,  108s.       „ 

Vintage  1840 84s.        „ 

Vintage  1847 „     72s.       „ 

all  of  Sandeman's  shipping,  and  in  first-rate  condition. 

Fine  old  "beeswing"  Port,  48s.  and  60s.;  superior  Sherry,  36s., 42s. 
48s.;  Clarets  of  choice  growths,  36s.,  42s.,  48s., 60s.,  72s.,  84s.;  Hochhei- 
mer,  Marcobrunner,  Rudesheimer,  Steinberg,  Leibfraumilch,  60s.; 
Johannesberger  and  Steinberger,  72s.,  84s.,  to  120s. ;  Braunberger,  Grun- 
hausen,  and  Scharzberg,  48s.  to  84s.;  sparkling  Moselle,  48s.,  60s.,  66s., 
78s.;  very  choice  Champagne,  66s.  78s.;  fine  old  Sack,  Malmsey,  Fron- 
tignac,  Vermuth,  Constantia,  Lachrymas  Christi,  Imperial  Tokay,  and 
other  rare  wines.  Fine  old  Pale  Cognac  Brandy,  60s.  and  72s.  per  doz.  5 
very  choice  Cognac,  vintage  1805  (which  gained  the  first  class  gold 
medal  at  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1855),  144s.  per  doz.  Foreign  Liqueurs 
of  every  description.  On  receipt  of  a  post-office  order,  or  reference,  any 
quantity  will  be  forwarded  immediately,  by 

HEDGES  &  BUTLER, 

LONDON  :  155,  REGENT  STREET,  W. 

Brighton  :  30,  King's  Road. 
(Originally  established  A.D.  1667.) 

EAU-DE-VIE.— This  pure  PALE  BRANDY,  18s. 
per  gallon,  is  peculiarly  free  from  acidity,  and  very  superior  to 
recent  importations  of  Cognac.  In  French  bottles,  38s.  per  doz. ;  or  in 
a  case  for  the  country,  39s.,  railway  carriage  paid.  No  agents,  and  to 
be  obtained  only  of  HENRY  BRETT  &  CO.,  Old  FurnivaT's  Distillery, 
Holborn,  B.C.,  and  30,  Regent  Street,  Waterloo  Place,  S.W.,  London, 
Prices  Current  free  on  application. 

DOTESIO'S    DEPOT,    95,    REGENT    STREET, 
QUADRANT, 

For  the  Sale  exclusively  of  the  fine  Bordeau 
pagnes  and  Cognacs  of  France,  in  t^ir  pure  nat 

Cellars  and  Counting-house  as  above,  and  Orders  taken  also  at  the 

Restaurant, 
No.  9,  RUE  DE  CASTIGLIONE,  PARIS. 


Bordeaux,  Burgundies,  Cham- 
itural  state. 


IAY,  and 


BIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

MAGNOLIA.    WHITE    ROSE,    FRANGIPANNI.  GERA- 
NIUMYPAXCHOULY,  EVER-SWEET,  WEW-MOWS 
1000  others.   2s.  6d.  each.— 2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 

THE  PATENT  NEW  FILTER— Dr.  Grant  says: 

L    "  As  pure  water  is  of  such  great  importance,  it  is  desirable  to  know 
that  Mr.  Lipscombe  is  by  far  the  most  experienced  - 
filter  makers."    Can  only  be  had  at  Mr.  Lipscombe 


...termake—      

Strand.   Prospectus  free. 


and  best  of  all  the 
'a  Filter  Office,  233, 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


.  V.  JUNE  11,  '64. 


Now  ready,  Parts  I,  II,,  and  III., 

To  be  completed  in  Thirty-two  Monthly  Parts,  2s.  Gel.  each,  a  New  and  Kevised  issue  of  the 

PICTORIAL     EDITION 

OF  THE 

WOEKS   OF    WILLIAM    SHAKSPERE; 

EDITED   BY    CHARLES    KNIGHT: 
CONTAINING  UPWARDS  OF  ONE  THOUSAND  ILLUSTRATIONS. 

Each  Montlily  Part  will  contain  120  pages,  elegantly  printed  on  the  finest  Tinted  Paper ;  the  Work  forming  when 

complete  Eight  handsome  Volumes. 


PROSPECTUS. 


TWBNTY-FIVR  years  have  elapsed  since  the  first  Monthly  Part  of  the 
4  PICTORIAL  EDITION  OF  SHAKSPEBK  '  was  published.  Upon  the  com- 
pletion of  the  First  Volume,  in  May,  1839,  Mr.  Knight's  name,  as 
Editor,  as  well  as  Publisher,  appeared  upon  the  Title-page.  In  a  Pre- 
fatory Notice  he  says,  "  When  he  originally  undertook  this  task,  the 
Editor  hoped  for  more  direct  assistance  than  he  has  received.  He  had 
proposed  to  himself  a  duty  little  beyond  that  of  collecting  and  ar- 
ranging the  contributions  of  others.  But  the  difficulty  of  producing  an 
edition  of  Shakspere  upon  such  a  principle  was  found  much  greater 
than  had  been  anticipated;  and  the  Editor  has  therefore  been  com- 
pelled to  trust  to  his  own  diligence  and  love  of  his  author,  except  in 
two  well-defined  departments  "  —  that  of  Costume,  undertaken  by  Mr. 
PlancW ,  and  that  of  Music,  by  Mr.  Ayrton. 

The  original  Prospectus  of  this  work  furnishes  an  adequate  view  of 
its  chief  features,  and  of  the  principles  upon  which  it  was  to  be  con- 
ducted. There  was  little  variation  between  the  first  design  of  the 
structure  and  its  completion  at  the  end  of  five  years.  We  cannot  more 
adequately  set  forth  the  character  of  the  "  Pictorial  Shakspere  "  than 
in  the  following  brief  extracts  from  that  Prospectus: 

I.  OP  ITS  LITERARV  OBJECTS:  "  Shakspere  demands  a  rational  edi- 
tion of  his  wonderful  performances,  that  should  address  itself  to  the 
popular  understanding,  in  a  spirit  of  enthusiastic  love,  and  not  of  cap- 
tious and  presumptuous  cavilling;— with  a  sincere  zeal  for  the  illustra- 
tion of  the  text,  rather  than  a  desire  to  parade  the  stores  of  useless 
learning;— and  offering  a  sober  and  liberal  examination  of  conflicting 
opinions  amongst  the  host  of  critics,  in  the  hope  of  unravelling  the 
perplexed,  clearing  up  the  obscure,  and  enforcing  the  beautiful,  instead 
of  prolonging  those  fierce  and  ridiculous  controversies,  which,  always 
offensive,  are  doubly  disagreeable  in  connexion  with  the  works  of  the 
most  tolerant  and  expansive  mind  that  ever  lifted  us  out  of  the  region 
of  petty  hostilities  and  prejudices.  The  school  of  Steevens  and  Malone 
has,  for  all  enlarged  purposes  of  criticism,  been  overthrown  by  that  of 
Schlegel  and  Goethe.  In  Germany,  Shakspere  has  been  best  under- 
stood, because  he  has  there  been  most  ardently  loved.  Coleridge,  and 
Lamb,  and  Hazlitt,  and  others  amongst  ourselves,  have  taught  us  to 
measure  Shakspere  by  a  juster  standard  than  that '  of  the  dwarfish 
commentators,  who  are  for  ever  cutting  him  down  to  their  own  size.' 
But  we  have  no  complete  English  edition  of  our  poet,  in  which  the 
spirit  of  this  higher  criticism  has  been  embodied,  or  in  any  degree  has 
found  a  place." 

It  must  be  kept  in  mind  that  when  this  was  published,  Mr.  Collier, 
Mr.  Dyce,  and  others,  had  not  entered  the  field  of  Shaksperian  criticism. 
Mr.  Knight  s  edition  supplied  a  great  want,  which  has  been  generously 
acknowledged  by  an  American  editor,  who  has  himself  recently  pro- 
duced an  edition  of  the  Poet  which  may  fairly  take  rank  amongst  the 
best.  In  Mr.  Richard  Grant  White's  Prefatory  ;Letter  of  1864  to  his 
volume  entitled  '  Shakespeare's  Scholar,'  he  says:  "About  five  years 
ago  I  bought  a  copy  of  Mr.  Knight's  Pictorial  Edition,  and  having 
studied  Shakespeare  himself  alone  for  so  many  years,  I  thought  that  I 
might  with  indifference  read  a  commentator  again.  From  Mr.  Knight's 
labours  I  derived  great  satisfaction;  his  were  altogether  different  com- 
ments from  those  which  still  fretted  in  my  memory.  I  found  that  his 
bhakespeare  and  mine  were  the  same;  and  I  read  with  a  new  pleasure 
his  remarks  upon  the  different  Plays,  —  a  pleasure  which  I  need  hardly 
say  was  repeated  and  heightened  by  subsequent  acquaintance  with  the 
criticisms  of  Coleridge,  Wilson,  Schlegel,  and  Hazlitt.  But  I  learned 
from  him  a  fact  of  which  my  determination  had  kept  me  ignorant,  or 
rather,  made  me  forgetful,  that  the  text  of  Shakespeare  before  the  date  of 
his  edition  was  filled  with  the  alterations  and  interpolations  of  those 
very  editors  whose  labours  had  impressed  me  so  unpleasantly  and 
finding  that  in  some  of  the  few  p  Aages  which  had  been  obscure  to  me, 
the  obscurity  was  of  their  creating,  not  of  Shakespeare's,  or  even  his 
printers,  I  instantly  began  the  critical  study  of  the  text. 


We  quote  another  passage  from  the  same  work,  to  justify,  if  such 
justification  were  necessary,  a  republication  of  .the  'Pictorial  Shak- 
spere:'— 

"  Mr.  Knight  brought  to  his  task  an  intelligent  veneration  for  his 
author,  and  a  sympathetic  apprehension  of  his  thoughts,  which,  I  ven- 
ture to  say,  has  never  been  surpassed  —  perhaps  never  equalled,  by  any 
of  that  gentleman's  fellow-editors.  There  exists  no  critical  essays  more 
imbued  with  the  pure  spirit  of  Shakespeare  than  the  Supplementary 
Notices  which  Mr.  Knight  appended  to  each  in  his  beautiful  Pictorial 
Edition." 

II.  OP  ITS  OBJECTS  AS  AN  ILLOSTRATED  WORK  OP  ART:— We  further 
quote  a  few  passages  from  the  original  Prospectus  of  Mr.  Knight's  edi- 
tion, to  show  in  what  manner  its  distinguishing  title,  '  The  Pictorial,' 
was  carried  out:—"  In  addition  to  the  literary  illustrations  of  Shakspere 
that  may  be  supplied  by  judicious  research  and  careful  selection,  there 
is  a  vast  storehouse  of  materials  yet  unemployed,  that  may,  with  singu- 
lar propriety,  be  used  for  adding  both  to  the  information  and  the  enjoy- 
ment of  the  readers  of  our  great  Poet— we  mean  Pictorial  Illustrations. 
We  have  embellished  editions  of  Shakspere  out  of  number,  that  attempt 
to  represent  the  incidents  of  his  scenes,  and  translate  his  characters  into 
portraits  for  the  eye— with  greater  or  less  success  ;—  but  we  have  no  edi- 
tion in  which  the  aid  of  Art  has  been  called  in  to  give  a  distinctness  to 
the  conceptions  of  the  reader  by  representing  the  REALITIES  upon,  which 
the  imagination  of  the  poet  must  Jiave  rested.  Of  these  Pictorial  Illus- 
trations many,  of  course,  ought  to  be  purely  antiquarian  ; — but  the  larger 
number  of  subjects  offer  a  combination  of  the  beautiful  with  the  real, 
which  must  heighten  the  pleasure  of  the  reader  far  more  than  any  fan- 
ciful representation,  however  skilful,  of  the  incidents  of  the  several 
dramas.  Look,  for  example,  at  the  localities  of  Shakspere %s  scenes,  and 
trace  how  many  sources  of  pictorial  illustration  this  class  alone  will 
open.  In  his  Historical  Plays,  the  Portraits  of  the  real  personages  of 
the  drama  will  form  an  interesting  class.  But  Shakspere  is  almost  in- 
exhaustible in  many  other  of  the  most  delightful  sources  of  Pictorial 
Illustration— in  his  Natural  History,  in  his  mythological  allusions  and 
personifications,  suggestive  of  exquisite  remains  of  ancient  Art —  in 
Costume,  whose  rich  variety  will  be  appreciated,  when  it  is  considered 
that  Shakspere  deals  with  all  conditions  of  men,  from  the  king  to  the 
beggar.  Imaginative  embellishment  will,  however,  be  partially  em- 
ployed, in  all  cases  where  it  is  demanded  by  the  character  of  the  par- 
ticular drama." 

With  regard  to  the  Text  of  the  Pictorial  Edition,  Mr.  Knight,  in  his 
original  Prospectus,  somewhat  too  exclusively  expressed  his  reliance 
upon  the  Folio  of  1623.  In  a  postscript  to  his  Sixth  Volume  he  says, 
"  I  conscientiously  thought  that  former  editors  had  too  much  neglected 
the  authority  of  the  folio  collection  of  his  plays,  to  put  their  trust  in 
those  rare  and  unique  morsels  which  the  editors  of  that  folio  described, 
and  in  many  instances  with  unquestior  able  truth,  as  'stolen  and  sur- 
reptitious copies.'  "  But  Mr.  Knight  goes  on  to  declare  his  intention  to 
collate  the  matchless  collection  of  quarto  copies  in  the  British  Museum 
and  the  Bodleian  Library.  This  collation  he  accomplished  for  his  sub- 
sequent '  Library  Edition,'  of  which  revision  the  present  edition  has  the 

Upon  the  Text  and  Notes  of  the  Revised  Edition  now  announced,  Mr. 
Knight  has  laboured  since  the  beginning  of  1863,  diligently  comparing 
the  labours  of  others  with  his  own,— acknowledging  his  obligations  in 
all  cases  where  he  adopts  their  opinions, — pointing  put  the  most  im- 
portant "  Recent  New  Readings  "  either  to  be  subscribed  to  or  contro- 
verted—but never  surrendering  the  principle  upon  which  he  has  uni- 
formly worked,  that  for  three-Jifthts  of  Shak»pere's  plays  the  Folio  of 
1623  is  the  only  authority  ;  that  .for  the  other  two-fifths  the  Quartos  ma// 
be  advantageously  compared  with  that  Folio;  but  that  to  sail  forth  into 
the  wide  ocean  of  Conjectural  Headings  is  to  embark  upon  a  perilous 
voyage,  with  no  guide  to  steer  between  Scylla  and  Charybdis  but  the 
discretion  of  the  helmsman. 


%*  The  Publishers  are  authorized  to  state  that  the  NEW  EDITION  of  'THE  PICTORIAL  SHAKSPERE,'  now  in  the  press, 
is  the  only  Edition  of  Shakspere  which  Mr.  Knight  IMS  revised  and  corrected  during  the  last  ten  years. 

London:   ROUTLEDGE,  WARNE,  &  ROUTLEDGE,  Broadway,  Ludgate  Hill 


Printed  by  GEORGE  ANDREW  SPOTTISWOODE,  at  6  New-street  Square,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Bride,  in  the  County  of  Middlesex?  and 
Published  by  WILLIAM  GREIG  SMITH,  of  32  Wellington  Street,  Strand,  in  the  said  County. -Saturday,  June  11, 1864. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 

A  MEDIUM  OF  INTER-COMMUNICATION 


FOE 


LITERARY  MEN,  GENERAL   READERS,   ETC. 

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No.  129. 


SATURDAY,  JUNE  18,  1864. 


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Now  complete,  in  1  vol.  8vo,  pp.  562,  price  14s.  cloth, 
A  POLOGIA  PRO  VITA.  SUA :  being  a  Keply 
xi.    to  a  Pamphlet  entitled  "  What  then  does  Dr.  New- 
man mean  ?  "    By  JOHN  HENRY  NEWMAN,  D.D. 


"  THB  lifelike  naturalness  of  this 
sketch  of  Dr.  NEWMAN'S  career  in 
the  English  Church,  embracing  as 
it  does  too  notices  of  many  distin- 
guished men  whose  names  are  fa- 
miliar to  us,  with  whom  he  was 
brought  into  contact,  will  insure  it 
the  interest  of  a  large  circle  of 
readers.  We  meet  with  COPI.ESTON, 
WHATRLT,  ARNOLD,  KEHI.K,  H.  J. 
ROSB,  HAWKINS,  PCSEY,  WISEMAN, 

BUNSEN,  Mn.M  AN,  HAMPOBN,  PAfc- 

MER,  and  others The  Apologia 

however  does  not  profess  to  be  a 
controversial  work,  but  only  to  re- 


flect and  record  the  past,  which  it 
does  with  extraordinary  vividness 
and  power,  and  with  all  those 
charms  of  natural  feeling  and  ex- 
pression which  gave  the  Author  so 
unequalled  and  widespread  an  in- 
fluence in  our  Church  in  the  days 
of  which  he  writes.  It  is  a  most 
important  contribution  to  our  own 
Church  history,  and  supplies,  in  the 
record  it  gives  of  a  most  interesting 
and  exciting  period,  a  real  literary 


want,  and 


g  per 
does 


this  in  a  way  in 


which  no  other  pen  could  have 
done  it."—  The  Times,  June  16. 


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DIARIES  of  a  LADY  of  QUALITY,  from  1797 
to  1844.    Edited,  with  Notes,  by  A.  HAYWARD,  Esq. 
Q.C.    Second  Edition,  revised,  with  a  few  Additions. 

n«Mi'4sWI?"l's  r.eniini8Cenceg  bring  temporaries  of  ROGERS  and  SID- 
in  contact  with  much  that  is  DONS  ;  and  her  literary  range  ex- 
J}*  t°f  ^°K  recorded  in  the  tends  widely  from  hints  as  to  the 
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Ttma. 


,  , 

nren  e,yeanlof  the  pre- 

•  century.    She  gives  us  many  a 

i.leasant  anecdote  about  the  con 


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I 


3rd  S.  V.  JUNE  18,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


491 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JUNE  18, 1864. 


CONTENTS. —No.  129. 

NOTES:  — Verification  of  a  Jest,  491— Prince  Eugene,  Ib. 

—  Old  Scotish  Peerages,  492  — The  Ardens  of  Warwick- 
shire, Ib.— The  Wroeites,  493  — Coffee  — An  Electioneer- 
ing  Bill  of  former   Days  —  American  Phraseology :  to 
Barb = to  Shave— Judge  Jeffreys—  Fables  of  La  Fontaine 

—  French-leave  — Croquet,  493. 

QUERIES :  —  Quotations  wanted,  495  —  "  Arundines  Devse  " 

—  Bastide  and  his  Ode  on  Louis  XIV.  — Brass  Knocker— 
"  The  Brides  of  Enderby  "  —  Christenings  at  Court  —  R.  V. 
Clarendon,  Esq. — Colasterion  —  Crests  —  Cumberland  and 
Congreve  —  Dalwick  or  Dawick  —  Josiah  Dare  —  Fenton— 
Foote  —  Jo.  Hall,  Author  of  "  Jacob's  Ladder  "  —  Heraldic 
Queries  —  Mr.  Herbert's  Company  of  Players  —  The  Hunt- 
ingdonshire Feast  —  Thomas  Hurtley —"Life  of  Samuel 
Johnson  "—  Elias  Juxon  —Lady  Markham— Club  at  the 
Mermaid  Tavern  —  "The  Petrie  Collection,"  &c.  —  St. 
Thomas's  Hospital  —  Beckwith;  Spencer  —  Sir   Robert 
Sloper  —  Smyth  —  South   African  Discovery  —  Spanish 
Prayer-Book  —  Curious   Surgical  Anecdote  —  Sir  John 
Vanbrugh  — University  of  Dublin— White  Hats  at  Ox- 
ford, 496. 

QUEBIES  WITH  ANSWEB.S:— Stone  and  Wooden  Altars  in 
England  —  Basing  House,  Hampshire  —  Atheury,  or 
Athunry,  499. 

EEPLIES :  —  "  Robin  Adair,"  Ac.,  500  —  The  Storm  of  17  03 
504  —  Albini  Brito,  505  —  "  Meditations  on  Death  and 
Eternity,"  506  —The  old  Cathedral  of  Boulogne— Hogarth 

—  The  Isle  of  Axholme  —  Casts  of  Seals  —  Chaigneau  —  A 
New  Champion  of  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots—  Hum  and  Buz 

—  The  Uuckoo  Song —  Change  of  Fashion  in  Ladies'  Names 

—  Thomas   Bentley  —  Jeremiah  Horrocks  —  Chaperon, 
&c.,  506. 


VERIFICATION  OF  A  JEST. 

In  A  C.  Mery  Talys,  as  printed  by  Rastell 
between  the  years  1517  and  1533  (I  quote  from 
the  late  Mr,  Singer's  edition  of  1815)  occurs  the 
following  jest  under  the  heading  "  Of  the  woman 
that  sayd  her  wooer  came  to[o]  late  "  :  — 

"  Another  woman  there  was  that  knelyd  at  the  mas  of 
requiem,  whyle  the  corse  of  her  husbande  laye  on  the 
bere  in  the  chyrche.  To  whome  a  yonge  man  cam  and 
spake  wyth  her  in  her  ere,  as  thoughe  it  had  ben  for  som 
mater  concernyng  the  funerallys ;  howe  be  it  he  spake  of 
no  such  matter,  but  onely  wowyd  her  that  he  myght  be 
her  husbande :  to  whom  she  answered  and  sayde  thus : 
'  Syr,  by  my  trouthe  I  am  sory  that  ye  come  so  late,  for 
I  am  sped  all  redy ;  for  I  was  made  sure  yesterday  to 
another  man.'  " 

The  original  editor  of  this  very  curious  book 
appends  the  following  remark  :  "  By  this  tale  ye 
maye  perceyve  that  women  ofte  tymes  be  wyse, 
and  lothe  to  lose  any  tyme."  Reading,  not  long 
since,  The  Life  of  Sir  Thomas  Gresham,  by  the 
late  Mr.  John  William  Burgon,  vol.  ii.  p.  214,  I 
met  with  an  anecdote  of  Katherine  of  Berain,  who 
was  married  to  Richard  Clough,  the  agent,  clerk, 
and  servant  of  Gresham,  in  1567,  which  instantly 
brought  to  my  recollection  the  quotation  I  have 
made  from  A  C.  Mery  Talys.  Mr.  Burgon's 
words  are  these  :  — 

"  Tradition  has  been  ill-natured  enough  to  preserve  an 
anecdote  of  the  heiress  of  Berain,  which,  if  true,  however 


creditable  to  her  charms,  reflects  no  honour  on  her  heart. 
Her  first  husband  was  John  Salusbury,  heir  of  Lleweni ; 
at  whose  funeral,  it  is  said,  she  was  led  to  church  by 
Richard  Clough,  and  afterwards  conducted  home  by  the 
youthful  Morris  Wynn,  who  availed  himself  of  that  oppor- 
tunity to  whisper  his  wish  to  become  her  second  husband. 
She  is  said  to  have  civilly  refused  his  offer,  stating  that 
on  her  way  to  church  she  had  accepted  a  similar  pro- 
posal from  Richard  Clough ;  but  she  consoled  Wynn  with 
the  assurance  that  if  she  survived  her  second  husband, 
he  might  depend  on  becoming  her  third ;  and  she  was 
not  unmindful  of  her  promise." 

The  fact  seems  to  be  that  she  married  Wynn 
very  soon  after  the  death  of  Clough  ;  but  we  may 
doubt  whether  the  "  tradition "  given  by  Mr. 
Burgon  was  not  founded  on  the  jest  in  A  C. 
Mery  Talys ;  at  all  events  they  accord  singularly ; 
and  while  upon  this  subject,  I  may  note  that 
Mr.  Singer,  in  enumerating  the  old  references  to 
the  jest-book  which  Shakespeare  has  rendered 
famous  (Much  Ado,  Act  II.  Sc.  1),  has  omitted 
an  interesting  point  connected  with  the  history 
of  the  small  volume,  viz.  that  it  was  the  last  book 
that  Elizabeth,  just  before  her  death,  was  gratified 
by  hearing  read.  A  priest,  writing  an  account  to 
Venice  of  the  last  illness  of  the  Queen,  in  a  letter 
of  March  9,  1602-3,  observes,  "  She  cannot  attend 
to  any  discourses  of  government  and  state,  but 
delighteth  to  hear  some  of  the  Hundred  Merry 
Tales,  and  such  like,  and  to  such  is  very  atten- 
tive." How  far  this  assertion  is  to  be  taken  as 
true  we  know  not;  but  the  narrator  obviously 
intended  to  disparage  the  memory  of  a  woman 
who  for  more  than  forty  years  had  been,  not  so 
much  the  enemy  of  the  Roman  Catholics,  as  the 
friend  of  the  Protestants.  J.  PAYNE  COLLIER. 

Maidenhead. 

PRINCE  EUGENE. 

This  great  military  commander  was  born  in 
1663,  and  died  on  April  20,  1736.  In  the  His- 
tory of  his  Life,  "  printed  for  James  Hodges,  at 
the  Looking-Glass  on  London  Bridge,"  1741,  it  is 
stated  that  he  was  a  collector  of  rarities  and  books, 
and  that  "  he  practised  daily  all  the  duties  of  the 
religion  he  professed.  He  spoke  very  little,  but 
what  he  said  was  just,  and  weighed  in  the  balance 
of  good  sense." 

I  have  a  volume  of  old  tracts,  mostly  of  a  re- 
ligious tendency,  and  all  dated  between  the  years 
1707  and  1714,  inclusive.  On  a  fly-leaf  of  the 
volume  is  written  "  Samuel  Midgley,  his  book," 
1714.  Four  leaves  of  writing-paper  are  bound  in 
the  original  binding.  One  contains  merely  the 
above  signature.  The  other  three  contain  the 
following  beautiful  prayer,  clearly  in  Samuel 
Midgley 's  handwriting :  — 

"  A  Prayer  used  by  the  truly  Noble  and  Valiant  Prince 

Eugene. 

«  0  my  God !  I  believe  in  thee ;  do  thou  strengthen 
me.  I  hope  in  thee ;  do  thou  confirm  my  hope.  I  love 


492 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  V.  JUNE  18,  '64. 


thee;  do  thou  vouchsafe  to  redouble  my  love.    I  am 
sorry  for  my  sins ;  O !  do  thou  encrease  my  repentance 
I  adore  thee  as  my  first  principle ;  I  desire  thee  as  m; 
last  end.    I  thank  thee  as  my  perpetuall  benefactor ;  an 
I  call  upon  thee  as  my  supream  Defender. 

"  My  God !  be  pleas'd  to  guide  me  by  thy  Wisdom 
Rule  me  by  thy  Justice,  comfort  me  by  thy  mercy,  an 
keep  me  by  thy  power.  To  thee  I  dedicate  all  nr 
thoughts  and  words,  my  actions  and  sufferings,,  tha 
henceforth  I  may  think  of  thee,  speak  of  thee,  and  ac 
according  to  thy  will,  and  suffer  for  thy  sake. 

"  Lord !  my  will  is  subject  to  thine  in  whatsoever  thou 
wiliest,  because  it  is  thy  will;  I  beseech  thee  to   en 
lighten  my  understanding,  to  give  bounds  to  my  will,  t< 
purify  my  body,  and  to  sanctify  my  soul. 

"  Enable  me,  0  my  God !  to  expiate  my  past  offences 
to  conquer  my  future  temptations,  to  reduce  the  passion: 
that  are  too  strong  for  me,  and  to  practice  the  virtues  tha 
become  me.  0 !  fill  my  heart,  with  a  tender  remembranci 
of  thy  favours, — an  avertion  of  my  infirmity,  a  love  fo: 
my  neighbour,  and  contempt  of  the  world.  Let  me  al 
ways  remember  to  be  submissive  to  my  superiors,  cha^ 
ritable  to  my  enemies,  faithful  to  my  friends,  and  in 
dulgent  to  my  inferiors. 

"  Come,  0  God !  and  help  me  to  overcome  pleasure  by 
mortification,  covetousness  by  alms,  anger  by  meekness 
and  lukewarmness  by  devotion. 

"  0  my  God !  make  me  prudent  in  understanding 
courageous  in  danger,  patient  under  disappointments,  anc 
humble  in  success.  Let  me  never  forget  to  be  fervent  in 
prayer,  temperate  in  food,  exact  in  my  employs,  and  con- 
stant in  my  resolutions. 

"  Inspire  me,  O  Lord,  with  a  desire  always  to  have  a 
quiet  conscience,  an  outward  modesty,  an  edifying  con- 
versation, and  regular  conduct.  Let  me  always  apply 
myself  to  resist  Nature,  to  assist  Grace,  to  keep  the  Com- 
mandments, and  deserve  to  be  saved. 

"  O  my  God !  do  thou  convince  me  of  the  meanness  of 
earth,  the  greatness  of  heaven,  the  shortness  of  time,  and 
the  length  of  eternity.  Grant  that  I  may  be  prepared 
for  Death ;  that  I  may  fear  thy  Judgments,  avoid  Hell, 
and  obtain  Paradise,  through  the  merits  of  Jesus  Christ." 

The  date  of  my  manuscript  would  be  fifty-one 
years  after  the  birth  of  Prince  Eugene ;  and  twenty- 
two  years  before  his  death.  I  do  not  find  any 
reference  to  the  prayer  in  his  Memoirs,  but  as 
far  as  I  know,  it  is  quite  consistent  with  his  cha- 
racter.*    W.  LEE. 

OLD  SCOTISH  PEERAGES. 
In  England  an  idea  seems  prevalent  that  in 
Scotland  a  great  laxity  prevailed  as  to  peerage 
claims;  and  this  the  more  especially  after  the 
succession  of  James  to  the  English  diadem  bad 
removed  him  from  the  seat  of  government  in  his 
native  dominion.  We  have  often  heard  very 
strange  law  ventilated  in  high  quarters  about 
Scotish  titles  of  honour,  which  were  far  from 
warranted  by  the  usages  of  that  country.  Never- 
theless, in  no  country  whatever  was  more  care 
taken  to  prevent  intrusion  into  the  peerage,  and 
the  Scotish  Privy  Counsel  was  ever  on  the  alert 
to  check  any  attempt  on  the  part  of  any  one, 

[*  Another  translation  of  this  prayer  is  printed  in  the 
Gentleman's  Magazine,  iv.  671.— ED.] 


however  wealthy  or  well  descended,  to  assume 
dignities  not  directly  flowing  from  the  crown,  the 
fountain  of  honour.  Of  the  accuracy  of  this  as- 
sertion, we  propose  to  give  a  somewhat  remark- 
able instance  from  the  "  Original  Minutes  of 
Council  for  the  Year  1612  and  1613  " :  — 

"  Secundo  Decembris,  1613. 

"  Ad.  Lib.  A.  2.  41.  Sir  Johne  Ker  was  this  day  con- 
veaned  befor  the  Counsall  for  assuming  unto  himself  the 
Style  and  tytle  of  Lord,  and  for  veryfication  thereof  aganes 
him,  his  maiesties  advocat  produced  ane  contract  past 
betwix  him  and  ane  other  partye,  wherin  Schir  Johne 

wes  styled  ane  noble  lord,  Johne  Lord  of  Jedburghe, to 

this  he  answered,  that  althoght  at  sometymes  ther  wes 
Letteres,  and  wrytes  presented  unto  him,  wherein  the 
writar  by  his  allowance  and  knowledge  styled  him  Lord, 
and  that  he  not  being  curious  to  reede'the  lettres  bot 
simple  to  understande  the  substance  of  the  same,  did  sub- 
scryve  the  same  with  his  ordinare  forme  of  subscriptioune 
Jedburghe,  that  could  nawayse  infer  ony  preiudice  aganes 
him,  nor  bring  him  under  the  compas  of  a  punishabell 
censure,  &c. — Whereunto  it  was  replyed  be  his  maiestyes 
advocate,  that  seeing  Schir  Johne  knew  well  aneugh  that 
his  maiesty  wes  naway  pleased  to  honour  him  with  the 
tytle  and  dygnytie  of  a  barrone,  and  caused  delete  out  of 
his  infeftment  that  parte  thereof  bearing  the  creatioune  of 
him  a  Lord,  he  should  more  respectuelye  have  carryed 
himself,  and  nowyse  presumed  to  have  assumed  the  saide 
style,  whilk  nether  be  his  birth,  nor  by  his  maiestyes 
favour,  he  could  iustlye  acclame ;  and  forder  he  replyed, 
that  Schir  Johne  his  subscryving  of  Lettres  and  writes 
bearing  Lord  of  Jedburgh,  did  infer  aganes  him  a  wit- 
ting, willing,  and  willfull  assuming  of  the  saide  style, 
and  that  he  could  naway  pretend  misknawledge  of  the  tenour 
of  the  writes  subscryved  be  him,  seeing  he  was  knowne  to 
be  of  that  humour  and  dispositione,  ,as  very  exactly,  and 
narrowly  to  examine  and  try  everye  sentence  and"  sillas 
of  all  lettres  and  writtes  subscryved  be  him." 

Sir  John  Ker  was  a  man  of  ancient  descent,, 
and  at  one  time  of  large  territorial  wealth.  He 
was  designated  of  Home,  but  this  estate  in  the 
county  of  Berwick  he  sold  to  the  Earl  of  Home,  in 
the  possession  of  whose  descendants  it  presently 
remains.  He  was  twice  married,  but  his  male 
descendants  by  his  first  espousal  are  extinct ;  but 
by  his  second  wife  he  had  male  issue,  who  con- 
tinued the  representation,  and  the  late  General 
Ker  of  Littledean,  who  contested  the  Dukedom 
of  Roxburgh  with  James  Innes  Ker,  Bart.,  was 
lis  direct  heir  male.  The  General  was  unques- 
tionably heir  male  of  the  Roxburgh  family  too, 
vhilst  Sir  James,  by  virtue  of  a  substitution  in 
he  deed  of  entail,  and  a  crown  ratification  as 
descended  of  a  daughter  "  of  Hary  Lord  Ker," 
ook  both  estates  and  honours.  J.  M. 


THE  ARDENS  OF  WARWICKSHIRE. 
In  a  former  number  of  the  present  volume 
p.  352),  MR.  PAYNE  COLLIER  had  stated  that 
Edward  Arden,  distantly  related  to  Shakespeare's 
wtker,  was  executed  for  high  treason,  Dec.  20, 
583 ; "  and  a  correspondent  signing  CRUX,  in 
.  463,  expresses  his  wish  to  ascertain  the  exact 


I 


3rd  S.  V.  JUNE  18,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


493 


degree  of  relationship  between  them :  in  his  sub- 
sequent remarks  attributing  to  this  event  the 
origin  of  various  influential  "  sympathies  and  an- 
tipathies in  the  heart  of  our  great  Bard,"  in  con- 
sequence of  "  the  fair  fame  of  his  mother's  ancient 
and  honourable  line  having  been  stained  with 
attainder,  and  by  the  public  ignominy  of  her  re- 
lative's head  being  exhibited  on  London  Bridge," 
&c.  &c. 

The  writer  signing  CRUX  has  probably  not  seen 
the  remarks  on  the  family  of  Shakespeare's  mother 
which  were  published  in  the  Sixth  Part  of  The 
Herald  and  Genealogist  (August,  1863,)  nor  the 
extracts  from  the  same  article  which  are  appended 
by  MB.  DYCE,  to  his  recent  Life  of  Shakespeare, 
nor  the  summary  of  the  results  of  that  article 
which  was  given  in  the  last  volume  of  "  N.  &  Q.," 
p.  201  (Sept.  12,  1863). 

It  may  not,  therefore,  be  altogether  unnecessary, 
for  the  information  of  that  gentleman  and  others, 
to  repeat  that  it  has  been  ascertained — 1.  That 
the  identification  of  Shakespeare's  maternal  grand- 
father with  a  groom  of  the  chamber  to  Henry  VII. 
(the  ancestor  of  the  Ardens  of  Yoxall,  co.  Staf- 
ford), and  the  consequent  affiliation  of  the  Ardens 
of  Wilmcote  upon  the  Ardens  of  Park-hall,  ori- 
ginated only  with  Malone,  and  is  proved  to  be 
a  great  mistake ;  2.  That  the  Poet's  grandfather 
appears  in  deeds  dated  1550  "  as  Robertus  Arden 
de  Wilmecote  in  parochia  de  Aston  Cantelowe  in 
comitatu  Warwici,  husbandman  (Collier's  Life  of 
Shakespeare,  1844,  p.  Ixxiii.)  ;  3.  That  when  the 
heralds  exemplified  arms  for  Arden  to  John  Shake- 
speare in  1599,  they  did  not  venture  to  give  for 
his  wife  the  coat  of  the  Warwickshire  family,  but 
assigned  her  (with  a  martlet  for  difference)  the 
totally  different  one  borne  by  Arden  of  Alvanley 
in  Cheshire  (since  Lord  Alvanley). 

From  all  which  it  is  most  probable  that  the 
assumed  relationship  of  Shakespeare's  mother  to 
Edward  Arden,  the  traitor  of  1583,  or  to  any 
others  of  the  family  of  Warwickshire  gentry  no- 
ticed by  Dugdale,  was  exceedingly  "  distant " 
indeed,  and  certainly  past  discovery,  if  not  alto 
gether  imaginary.  JOHN  GOUGH  NICHOLS. 


THE  WROEITES. 

The  death  of  the  founder  of  this  extraor- 
dinary sect  deserves  a  record  in  ««  ST.  &  Q.' 
John  Wroe  died  at  Collingwood,  Melbourne, 
Australia,  on  the  5th  February,  1863.  He  was 
eighty-one  years- of  age,  and  had  followed  the 
^trade  of  prophet  for  more  than  forty  years.  He 
founded  a  sect  which  numbered  adherents  in  all 
parts  of  the  world  ;  and  which  held,  as  its  car- 
dinal article  of  faith,  the  divine  inspiration 
absolute  authority  of  its  founder.  His  followers 
here  in  Melbourne  looked  confidently  for  his  re- 
surrection, but  they  have  probably  abandonee 


hat  hope  now.  The  sect  called  themselves 
'  Christian  Israelites,"  but  were  popularly  known 
'from  wearing  the  hair  uncut  and  unshaven)  as 
*  Beardies."  They  were  zealous  ancl  incessant 
street-preachers  of  an  incoherent  and  unintelli- 
gible doctrine;  apparently  compounded  of  Judaism, 
Christianity,  and  the  principles  of  the  Adamites 
of  Munster.  From  inquiries  made  here,  I  am  led 
;o  infer  that  John  Wroe  was  unmistakeably  a 
unatic  of  a  common  and  harmless  type ;  but, 
nevertheless,  he  was  constantly  attended  by  a 
secretary,  who  took  down  everything  that  fell 
irom  his  lips ;  and  these  notes  were  sacredly  pre- 
served as  divine  communications.  The  hymns, 
and  the  more  private  books  of  the  sect,  abound  in 
flagrantly  indecent  images  and  references.  Their 
bistorical  manual  is  — 

"  The  Life  and  Journal  of  John  Wroe,  with  Divine 
Communications  to  him :  being  the  Visitation  of  the 
Spirit  of  God,  to  warn  Mankind  that  the  Day  of  the  Lord 
is  at  hand,  &c.  2  Vols.  Gravesend :  Printed  for  the 
Trustees  of  the  Society  by  W.  Deane.  1859." 

A  more  extraordinary  book  there  is  not  to  be 
found ;  even  in  that  very  peculiar  department  of 
literature,  the  records  of  religious  imposture  and 
delusion.  It  has  always  seemed  to  me  strange 
that  no  mention  of  these  "  Wroeites,"  so  far  as  I 
have  noticed,  has  emerged  in  contemporary  jour- 
nalism ;  although  the  sect  was  strong  enough  to 
have  its  own  prophet,  its  own  liturgy,  code  of 
laws,  church  constitution,  and  special  literature. 
It  has  survived  the  death  of  its  founder;  but 
seems,  from  all  I  can  learn,  to  be  now  dying  out. 
This  is  an  additional  reason  for  leaving  some 
mention  of  it  on  the  pages  of  contemporary 
history.  D.  BLAIR. 

Melbourne. 


COFFEE.  —  The  following  extract  from  A  New 
View  of  London,  published  in  1708,  vol.  i.  p.  30,  is 
curious :  — 

"  I  find  it  recorded,  that  one  James  Farr,  a  barber,  who 
kept  the  coffeehouse  which  is  now  the  *  Rainbow,'  by  the 
Inner  Temple  gate  (one  of  the  first  in  England),  was,  in 
the  year  1657,  presented  by  the  inquest  of  St.  Dunstan's 
in  the  W.,  for  making  and  selling  a  sort  of  liquor  called 
coffee,  as  a  great  nuisance  and  prejudice  of  the  neighbour- 

hood'"&c-  S.P.V. 

AN  ELECTIONEERING  BILL  OF  FORMER  DAYS. — 
The  following  cutting  from  Saunders's  News -Let- 
ter, May  9,  1864,  may  be  deemed  worthy,  as  a 
curiosity,  of  insertion  in  "  N.  &  Q." :  — 

"  During  the  time  of  a  contested  election  in  Meath,  some 
forty  years  ago,  Sir  Mark  Somerville  [father  of  the  pre- 
sent Lord  Athlumney]  sent  orders  to  the  proprietor  of  the 
hotel  in  Trim  to  board  and  lodge  all  that  should  vote  for 
him,  for  which  he  received  the  following  bill,  which  he 
got  framed,  and  it  still  hangs  in  Somerville  House, 
county  Meath.  The  copy  from  which  this  is  taken  was 


494 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


i[3'd  S.  V.  JUNE  18,  '64. 


found  amongst  the  papers  of  the  late  Very  Rev.  Arch- 
deacon O'Connell  [Roman  Catholic],  Vicar-General  of 
the  diocese  of  Meath:— 

< 16th  April,  1826. 

«  MY  BILL  —  To  eating  16  freeholders  above  stairs  for 
Sir  Marks  at  3s.  6rf.  a  head  is  to  me  21.  12s.  To  eating 
16  more  below  stairs  and  2  priests  after  supper  is  to  me 
21  15*.  9rf.  To  6  beds  in  one  room  and  4  in  another  at  2 
guineas  every  bed,  and  not  more  than  four  in  any  bed  at 
any  time  cheap  enough  God  knows  is  to  me  221.  15s.  To 
18  horses  and  5  mules  about  my  yard  all  night  at  13s. 
every  one  of  them  and  for  a  man  which  was  lost  on  the 
head  of  watching  them  all  night  is  to  me  51  5s.  Od.  For 
breakfast  on  tay  in  the  morning  for  every  one  of  them 
and  as  many  more  as  they  brought  as  near  as  I  can  guess 
is  to  me  4Z.  12s.  Od.  To  raw  whiskey  and  punch  with- 
out talking  of  pipes  tobacco  as  well  as  for  porter  and  as 
•well  as  for  breaking  a  pot  above  stairs  and  other  glasses 
and  delf  for  the  first  day  and  night  T  am  not  very  sure 
but  for  the  three  days  and  a  half  of  the  election  as  little 
as  I  can  call  it  and  to  be  very  exact  it  is  in  all  or  there- 
about as  near  as  I  can  guess  and  not  to  be  too  particular 
is  to  me  at  least  79/.  15s.  9rf.  For  shaving  and  crapping 
off  the  heads  of  the  49  freeholders  for  sir  marks  at  13d. 
for  ever}'  head  of  them  by  my  brother  has  a  Wote  is  to 
me  21.  13s.  Id.  For  a  womit  and  nurse  for  poor  Tom  Ker- 
nan  in  the  middle  of  the  night  when  he  was  not  expected 
is  to  me  ten  hogs.  I  don't  talk  of  the  piper  or  for 
keeping  him  sober  as  long  as  he  was  sober  is  to  me 
40J.  10s. 

The  Total. 

2    12    0    0 

2    15    0    0 
22    15    0    0  Signed 

5500  in  the  place  Jemmy  Cars  wife 

4    12    0    0  his 

79    15    0    9  Bryan  X  Garraty 

2    13    0    1  Mark 

10    10 

0    0 

110Z.  18  7  you  may  say  111  0  0  so  your  Honour  Sir  Marks 
send  me  this  eleven  hundred  by  Bryan  himself  who  and 
I  prays  for  your  success  always  in  Trim  and  no  more  at 
present.' " 

ABHBA. 

AMERICAN  PHRASEOLOGY  :  TO  BARB  =  TO 
SHAVE.—"  Barbed"  seems  to  be  considered  by 
the  "  Special  Commissioner"  of  the  Daily  Tele- 
graph as  a  word  newly  coined  in  the  United 
States ;  it  is,  however,  good  English,  and  as  old 
as  Pepys  at  least  (Diary,  Nov.  27,  1665)  — 

"  To  Sir  G.  Smith's,  it  being  now  night,  and  there  up 
to  his  chamber  and  sat  talking,  and  I  barbing  against 
to-morrow." 

See  also  the  quotations  in  Boucher's  Glossary. 
J.  ELIOT  HODGKIN. 

JUDGE  JEFFREYS. — The  following  extract  from 
the  City  Press  (May  13,  1864)  is,  I  think,  worthy 
of  preservation  in  "  N.  &  Q." — 

"  During  the  recent  improvements  in  the  church  of 
St.  Mary  the  Virgin,  Aldermanbury,  it  was  considered 
advisable,  for  sanitary  reasons,  that  the  vaults  should  be 
filled  in,  and  in  closing  the  vault  of  the  notorious  Judge 
Jeffreys,  the  workmen  discovered  a  small  brass  plate 
aifixed  to  the  wall,  inscribed  as  follows : — <  The  Honour- 
able Mrs.  Mary  Dive,  eldest  daughter  of  the  Right 
Honourable  George  Lord  Jeffrey,  Baron  of  Wem,  and 


Lord  High  Chancellor  of  England,  by  Ann,  his  lady* 
daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  Bludworth,  sometime  Lord 
Mayor  of  the  City  of  London,  died  Oct.  4th,  1711,  in  the 
31st  year  of  her  age.'  " 

The  brass  has  been  removed  and  now  occupies 
an  honourable  position  on  the  wall  of  the  north 
aisle.  J.  W.  M. 

FABLES  OF  LA  FONTAINE. — There  was  published 
in  8vo.  by  Murray,  Albemarle  Street,  1820,  a 
paraphrased  translation  of  La  Fontaine's  Fables 
into  English  verse  with  the  original  text  opposite 
to  each  article.  The  versification  is  exceedingly 
good,  and  altogether  the  work  deserves  more  at- 
tention than  it  seems  to  have  met  with  hitherto. 

It  is  in  two  parts,  the  first  dedicated  to  Lord 
Viscount  Sidmouth,  and  the  second  "  to  John 
Hatsell,  Esq.,  on  his  birthday,  Jan.  2,  1820. 

"  Hatsell,  who  full  of  honours  as  of  years, 
The  Nestor  of  this  modern  time  appears ; 
Who,  through  one  half  an  age  with  studious  care, 
Has  smooth'd  the  labours  of  St.  Stephen's  Chair, 
Where  future  Speakers,  like  those  gone  before, 
Shall  own  his  worth,  and  profit  by  his  lore. 
On  him  long  years  no  baneful  influence  shed, 
So  light  Time's  wings  have  flutter'd  round  his  head ; 
But  Judgment,  fully  ripen'd  not  decayed, 
Distributes  treasures  industry  has  made ; 
For  wisdom,  from  a  mind  so  richly  stor'd, 
Still  blends  with  playful  humour  at  his  board ; 
While  pure  religion's  warm  but  gentle  ray, 
Serenely  gilds  the  evening  of  his  day." 

We  fear  that  the  writer,  who  had  not  calculated 
upon  the  subsequent  parliamentary  revolution, 
has  put  too  high  an  estimate  on  Mr.  Hatsell's 
lucubrations,  which  were  published  in  four  vols. 
4to,  and  which  were  at  one  time  highly  esteemed, 
and  deservedly  so.  J.  M. 

FRENCH-LEAVE.  —  In  Fraser's  Magazine  for 
May,  1864  (p.  580),  I  find  the  following  in  an  ac- 
count of  the  informal  receptions  which  are  happily 
in  vogue  in  Paris  :  "  The  visitors  ...  go  without 
any  formal  farewell ;  whence,  I  suppose,  our  ex- 
pression, '  French-leave.' "  C.  J.  ROBINSON. 

CROQUET,  says  Capt.  Mayne  Reid,  is  derived 
from  the  operation  of "  croque'ing"  or  cracking 
the  balls.  This  is  a  mistake.  Croquet  is  a  shep- 
herd's staff.  In  Tong's  Visitation  of  Yorkshire, 
1530,  published  by  the  Surtees  Society,  the 
"  Prior's  staff"  in  the  bearings  of  the  monasteries 
of  Newburgh,  Malton,  Kirkham,  &c.  is  depicted 
exactly  like  a  croquet  mallet.  The  following 
extracts  from  Ducange  will  illustrate  the  thing 
and  its  use :  — 

"  Lequel  bergier  haussa  un  croquet  dont  il  rachassait  c 
ses  brebis." 

"  Guillaume  feri  ledit  Raoul  d'un  baston  nomine"  Cro- 
chebois  en  la  joe,  et  lui  fist  une  petite  escrifleure." 

"  Davy  donna  audit  Guillaume  d'un  grant  planchon  ou 
Croquepois  par  la  cuisse." 

"  L'exposant  se  defendi  d'un  baston  quil  avoit  nomme 
Croquebois." 


.  JUNE  18, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


495 


[I  am  sorry  to  say  that]  "  Crocheteur  is  Far,  Latro,  qui 
areas  unco  aperit." 

"  Crochetum,  contus  uncatus,  fibula." 

"  Croicket,  a  dance  or  game.  En  joue  du  croichet  aux 
jambes,  par  telle  maniere  que  souvent  1'enchiet  a  terre." 

"  Croccare,  to  fish  for  crawfish  with  a  hooked  stick ! " 

G. 


QUOTATIONS  WANTED. 

May  I  ask  some  of  your  learned  correspondents 
if  they  will  supply  the  references  for  the  following 
passages  :  — 

"  Eu<£wa  fyvffews  Kal  ffirovfy  TrpoaipeVew?,  as  John, 
Patriarch  of  Constantinople,  said  of  Damascen." 

"  Plato  gave  God  thanks  that  he  was  not  bred  among 
rude  and  barbarous  people,  but  among  wise  and  learned 
Athenians." 

«  His  auditors  would  ackn6wledge  St.  Chrysostom  had 
swarms  of  bees  settling  upon  his  lips." 

"  Scaliger  said  he  envied  the  learning  of  three  men  : 
Gaza,  Politian,  and  JViirandula."  —  Opusc. 
"  Liturgia  infelicissime  ad  Scotiam  missa."  —  Selden. 

u  Spelman  thought  all  churchyards  were  given  freely 
for  the  use  of  the  dead." 

"  The  Historian  said  of  Marius,  He  led  the  army  and 
Ambition  led  him." 

"  Tully  said  of  a  villain,  Mortem  quam  non  pottut  optare 
obiit." 

"Like  Cato,  he  had  rather  future  times  should  ask 
why  he  had  not  than  why  he  had." 

"  Qiris  eum  fuisse  consnlem  aut  futurum  crederet  ?  "  — 
Livy.  Prof.  Dr.  Fell,  in  vita  Nemesei? 

"  Turn  votorum  locus  cum  nullus  est  spei."  —  Seneca. 
"  Post  nubila  Phoebus." 

"  Plotinus  said,  A  picture  was  only  the  image  of  an 
image." 

"  G.  Nazianen,  in  his  funeral  sermon  for  St.  Basil,  re- 
joy  ces  that  he  died  ^ 


"  The  historian  observed  in  the  days  of  Nero,  Alium 
thermae  alium  horti  trucidarunt." 

"  Quia  nugae  in  ore  Sacerdotum  sunt  blasphemies."— 
St.  Bernard. 

"  To  sacrifice  to  truth,  not  to  affection—  to  the  glory  of 
God,  not  to  human  affection."  —  Ibid.  viL  S.  Malach. 

"  1)5  scam  us  in  terris  quorum  scientia  nobis  perseverabit 
in  coelis."—  S.  Hieron.  Ep.  ad  Paul. 

"  In  vetere  via  novam  semitam  quadrentes."—  S.  Hieron. 

"  Compares  himself  to  an  angry  horned  beast."—  Apol. 
I.  adv.  Ruff. 

"  Mirari  in  trunco  quod  in  fructu  non  teueas."  —  S. 
Hieron. 

"  As  many  cares  as  Antigonus  in  his  royal  purple." 

"  Hugo  Grotius  says,  Nothing  occurred  in  the  civil 
wars  but  what  King  James  had  foretold." 

"  Calvini  Ep.  ad  Protectorem  ?  " 

"  Mihi  adeo  est  invisa  discordia  ut  veritas  displiceat 
seditiosa."—  Erasmus. 


«  As  Florin.  Raimond,  1.  i.,  says  of  Charles  V. :  Mane 
frequentior  cum  Deo  quam  cum  hominibus  serrno." 

'  The  baptized  were  presented  in  white  garments." — 
Ambros.  de  Initiand. 

"  Ancient  writers  tell  us :  Turtur  pudica  et  univira." 

"  Resolved,  like  Cato,  to  be  gone  till  the  company  be- 
came sorry." 

"  Profecto  de  pretiosa  veste  erubesco." — S.  Austin. 

"  Friar  Giles ;  the  Pope  marred  a  painful  clerk  by 
making  him  a  powerful  Cardinal." 

'  Selymus  threatened  to  stable  his  horses  in  St.  Peter's, 
and  feed  them  at  the  high  altar." 

Who  was  Jeffreys,  a  London  clergyman,  c. 
1640?  And  who  John  St.  Amand,  a  friend  of 
Camden  ?  CANTOR  C. 

Where  do  the  following  lines  come  from,  quoted 
in  the  Quarterly  Review  for  April,  1862,  in  an  ar- 
ticle on  the  "  Training  of  the  Clergy,"  beginning — 

"  All  life,  that  lives  to  thrive, 
Must  sever  from  its  birth-place  and  its  rest,"  &c. 

E.  P.  C. 

Where  is  this  to  be  found  ?  — 

"  What  from  Heaven  is,  to  Heaven  tends ; 
That  which  descended,  the  same  again  ascends ; 
What  from  the  Earth  is,  to  Earth  returns  again ; 
That  which  from  Heaven  is,  the  Earth  cannot  contain." 

ST.  T. 

Who  are  the  Greek  authors  referred  to  in  the 
following  passage  ?  — 

"  I  finde  little  errour  in  that  Grecian's  counsell,  who 
saies,  If  thou  ask  anything  of  God,  offer  no  sacrifice,  nor 
ask  elegantly,  nor  vehemently,  but  remember  that  thou 
wouldest  not  give  to  such  an  asker:  nor  in  his  other 
Countriman,  who  affirms  sacrifice  of  blood  to  be  so  unpro- 
portionable  to  God,  that  perfumes,  though  much  more 
spirituall,  are  too  grosse." 

CPL. 

1.  "  See1  Mizraim's  kingcraft,  of  its  crown  bereft, 

Sunk  to  nocturnal  deeds  of  petty  theft." 

2.  "He  set  as  sets  the  morning  star,  which  goes 

Not  down  behind  the  darkened  west,  nor  hides 
Obscured  amongst  the  tempests  of  the  sky, 
But  melts  away  into  the  light  of  heaven." 

D.  BLAJB. 
Melbourne. 

Whence  the  following  ?  — 

1.  «  The  vision  and  the  faculty  divine." 

(Indian  Civil  Service  Exam.  Papers,  1859. 

2.  "  For  me  let  hoary  Fielding  bite  the  ground, 

So  nobler  Pickle  stands  superbly  bound ; 

"Who  ever  read  '  the  Regicide '  but  swore, 
The  author  wrote  as  man  ne'er  wrote  before." 

Idem. 

3.  "And  that  unless  above  himself  he  can 

Erect  himself,— how  poor  a  thing  is  man ! 

Idem.  1861, 


My  mind's  my  kingdom ;  and  I  will  permit 
No  other's  will  to  have  the  rule  of  it,"  &c. 


Idem.. 


496 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3«-d  S.  V.  JUNE  18,  ,' 


Idem. 


5.  "May  still  this  island  be  called  fortunate, 

And  turtle-footed  peace  dance  fairy  rings." 

6.  "  For  it  is  heavenly  borne  and  cannot  die 

Being  a  parcell  of  the  purest  skie." — Idem. 

7.  "  Westward  the  course  of  empire  takes  its  way." 

Idem.  1863. 

P.  J.  F.  GANTILLON. 
Courtrai  House,  Cheltenham. 
P.S.  Will  any  correspondent  of  "N.  &   Q." 
oblige  me  with  the  loan,  for  a  short  time,  of  the 
Indian    Civil    Service    Examination  Papers    for 
1857? 


"  ARUNDINES  DEVJE."  —  Can  any  of  your  cor- 
respondents inform  me  as  to  when  a  small  volume 
of  translations,  named  Arundines  Devee,  was  pub- 
lished? The  author  was,  I  believe,  a  Scotch 
physician.  His  name  and  any  particulars  what- 
ever, especially  as  to  whether  the  book  is  procur- 
able and  where,  will  greatly  oblige  INQUIRER. 
BASTIDE  AND  HIS  ODE  ON  Louis  XIV. — 
"  When  Louis  XIV.  was  sick,  Bastide  wrote  an  ode,  in 
which  he  said  that  the  chateau  of  Versailles,  though  the 
largest  in  the  world,  was  too  small  for  its  owner,  for 
whose  company  at  the  high  table  of  heaven  the  saints 
and  angels  were  impatient.  He  urged  them  not  to  grudge 
to  mortals  for  time  the  presence  which  themselves  would 
enjoy  through  eternity." — History  of  Louis  XIV.,  Lond. 
1751,  8vo,  Preface  xi. 

The  book  is  a  poor  compilation  from  Voltaire, 
but  has  some  interesting  notes.  I  cannot  find  any 
account  of  Bastide,  and  shall  be  glad  to  learn 
who  he  was,  and  where  I  may  find  the  ode. 

C.  E.  P. 

BRASS  KNOCKER.  — What  is  the  origin  of  this 
term,  used  to  express  the  setting  before  a  guest 
on  the  second  day  the  remains  of  a  feast  ?  It  is 
much  in  vogue  with  Indians,  apparently  in  the 
sense  of  a  rechauffe.  G.  A.  C. 

"THE  BRIDES  OF  ENDERBY." — Wanted,  some 
information  as  to  the  origin  of  a  tune  called  "  The 
Brides  of  Enderby,"  which  is  mentioned  in  one  of 
Jean  Ingelow's  poems,  "  The  High  Tide  on  the 
Coast  of  Lincolnshire,  1571,"  thus,— 
"  Play  uppe,  play  uppe,  0  Boston  bells ! 
Ply  all  your  changes,  all  your  swells, 
;'      Play  up '  the  Brides  of  Enderby ! ' 

"  They  sayde,  'And  why  should  this  thing  be ? 
What  danger  lowers  by  land  or  sea ! 
They  ring  the  tune  of  "  Enderby ! " ' 

**  And  awsome  bells  they  were  to  me, 
That  in  the  dark  rang  « Enderby  1 ' "  &c. 

M.H. 

Manchester. 

CHRISTENINGS  AT  COURT. — John  Chamberlain 
writes  to  Sir  Dudley  Carleton  from  London,  July 


26,  1607,  "  On  Friday  the  Earl  of  Arundel's  son 
was  christened,1  in  the  Chapel  at  Court." — Court 
and  Times  of  James  /.,  vol.  i.  p.  68.  In  what 
registers  are  these  christenings  entered,  and  how 
can  access  to  them  be  obtained  ?  CPL. 

R.  V.  CLARENDON,  ESQ. — He  was  author  of— 

1.  "Political  Geography,  in  a  set  of  Statistical  Tables 
of  the  principal  Empires,  Kingdoms,  and  States  in  Eu- 
rope ;  exhibiting  at  one  view  grand  Divisions  of  each 
country;  the  Population,  the  Rate  thereof  per  Square 
Mile;  the  Population  of  Capital  Towns;  the  Armed 
Force,  Naval  and  Military ;  the  Financial  State  in  Re- 
venue, Military  Charges,  General  Expenditure,  and 
Public  Debt;  the  Political  Constitution,  including  the 
Form  of  Government  and  Administration  of  Justice; 
state  of  Religion,  Literature,  Agriculture,  Commerce,  and 
Colonies,  with  Observations  respecting  the  principal 
Events  in  the  History  of  each  Country.  The  whole  so 
disposed  as  immediately  to  strike  the  Eye  and  engage 
the  Attention.  To  which  is  prefixed  an  Introduction, 
containing,  besides  other  Articles  of  Information,  an 
Account  of  such  Coins,  both  real  and  imaginary,  as  are 
current  in  Europe,  with  short  rules  for  reducing  them  to 
sterling;  also  the  Rates  of  Interest,  Usance,  and  Days 
of  Grace  customary  in  each  State,  &c."  Lond.  4to, 
1789. 

2.  "  A  Sketch  of  the  Revenue  and  Finances  of  Ire- 
land and  of  the  appropriated  Funds,  Loans,  and  Debt  of 
the  Nation  from  their  Commencement;  with  Abstracts 
of  the  principal  Heads  of  Receipt  and  Expenditure  for 
60  Years;  and  the  various  Supplies  since  the  Revolu- 
tion. The  whole  illustrated  with  Charts."  Lond.  4to, 
1791.  Preface  dated  London,  Jan.  5, 1791. 

The  latter  work  is  mentioned  in  the  Biographical 
Dictionary  of  Living  Authors,  and  in  Mr.  M'Cul- 
loch's  Literature  of  Political  Economy,  also  by 
Watt  and  Lowndes,  who  calls  it  "  a  clear  and 
elaborate  view  of  the  finances  .of  the  sister  is- 
land." 

None  of  the  fore-named  publications  mention 
the  Political  Geography,  which  was,  however, 
noticed  in  the  Monthly  Analytical  and  Critical 
Reviews  for  1789. 

I  desire  to  ascertain  what  names  are  represented 
by  the  initials  R.  V.,  and  shall  be  glad  of  any 
other  information  respecting  this  ingenious  and 
Laborious  author.  S.  Y.  R. 

COLASTERION. — I  should  be  glad  of  any  inform- 
ation on  the  subject  of  the  Colasterion. 

LEWIS  EVANS. 

Sandbach. 

CRESTS. — Under  what  circumstances  does  a  man 
bear  two  or  more  crests?  Whether  having  at- 
tained the  name  and  arms  of  another  ?  or  may  he 
bear  the  crest  of  any  and  every  coat  of  arms  which 
he  quarters  ?  "  CASTLEMAINE." 

CUMBERLAND  AND  CONGREVE. — 

"  When  Cumberland  intimated  that  he  wanted  to  be 
treated,  not  as  a  writer  of  plays,  but  as  a  gentleman,  the 
world  of  his  day  did  not  know  what  he  was  at,  and 
thought  he  gave  himself  airs ;  but  every  successful  author 
would  say  so  now,  and  every  one  would  take  the  feeling 


V.  JUNE  18,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


497 


for  granted."—  Saturday  Review,  Nov.  29,  1862;  Art. 
"  On  being  Understood." 

A  similar  story  is  told  of  Congreve.  As  Cum- 
berland was  a  man  of  affectation  and  imitation, 
this  may  also  be  true ;  but  I  shall  be  glad  to 
know  on  what  authority  it  rests.  E.  MORLEY. 

Balsall  Heath. 

DALWICK  OB  DAWICK  was  at  one  time  a  parish 
in  Peebleshire,  but  was  divided  between  other 
parishes,  circa  1742.  Are  there  any  remains  of 
the  parish  church  or  churchyard  still  existing  ? 

SIGMA-THETA. 

JOSIAH  DARE.  —  I  have  before  me  a  work  with 
the  following  title :  — 

"Counsellor  Manners,  his  last  Legacy  to  his  Son: 
enriched  and  embellished  with  Grave  Advisos,  Pat  His- 
tories, and  Ingenious  Proverbs,  Apologues,  and  Apo- 
phthegms. By  Josiah  Dare.  London.  12mo.  1673." 

At  the  end  is  this  imprimatur :  — 

"  Licensed, 
October  26,  R.  L." 

1672. 

There  is  no  appearance  of  its  being  a  second 
edition ;  and,  at  p.  88,  occurs  a  sneer  at  the  Bar- 
tholomew martyrs. 

Lowndes  (edit.Bohn,  591,)  notices  the  work,  and 
states  a  copy  sold  at  Sothebys,  May  21,  1857,  to 
be  unique.  He  gives  the  date  1653,  which  I  doubt 
not  is  an  error. 

Counsellor  Manners  is  obviously  a  supposititious 
person  ;  but  who  was  Josiah  Dare  ?  S.  Y.  R. 

FENTON. — Where  is  a  pedigree  of  the  Scotch 
family  of  Fenton,  more  particularly  of  the  branch 
of  Milnearne,  in  Perthshire,  to  be  found  ? 

SIGMA-THETA. 

FOOTE.— "  Antipater  made  feastes  every  foote 
for  thy  brother  Pheroras  and  himselfe;  and  as 
they  eate  and  dranke,"  &c.  (History  of  the  Jewes 
Commune  weale,  fol.  Ivi.  1561.)  What  does  this 
mean?  ST.  T. 

Jo.  HALT,,  AUTHOR  OF  "JACOB'S  LADDER." — 
Who  was  Jo.  Hall,  B.D.,  author  of  a  book  of 
which  the  ninth  edition  appeared  in  1698,  and  of 
which  the  title  is  — 

•'  Jacob's  Ladder ;  or,  the  Devout  Soul's  Ascension  to 
Heaven,  in  Prayers,  Thanksgivings,  and  Praises.  In  four 
parts,  viz., 

2i  ££3£  £±S}  «"  ««7  ^y  in  the  Week. 

3.  Occasional  Devotions. 

4.  Sacred  Poems  upon  select  Subjects.    With  Graces 
and  Thanksgivings.     Illustrated  with  Sculptures.    Lon- 
don :  printed  by  F.  Collins  for  Tho.  Guy  at  the  Oxford- 
Arms  in  Lumbard  Street." 

The  book  contains  accounts  of  the  Gunpowder 
Plot,  the  plague,  and  fire  of  London,  &c. 

B.  H.  C. 

HERALDIC  QUERIES. — Quarterly,  Az.  and  or, 
in  the  first  quarter  a  mullet  of  the  last.  What 


family  bore  these  arms  ?  They  differ  from  tho<o 
of  Vere  only  in  the  tincture  of  the  first  and  fourth 
quarters.  G.  A.  C. 

Ermine,  a  bend  sable,  charged  with  3  martlets 
az.  Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  say  by  what 
family  (probably  a  Herefordshire  family),  the 
above  arms  were  borne  previous  to  or  about  the 
year  1700?  R.  B. 

MR.  HERBERT'S  COMPANY  OP  PLATERS.  —  In 
the  town  of  Leicester,  from  a  date  at  least  as 
early  as  the  commencement  of  Elizabeth's  reign 
to  that  of  George  II.,  the  companies  of  players 
customarily  performed  every  year  in  the  old 
Guildhall,  now  standing.  At  a  Common  Hall 
held  on  January  9, 1736  (N.S.),  it  was  ordered  — 

"  That  Mr.  Herbert's  Company  of  Players  have  the 
use  of  the  Town  Hall,  making  good  all  damages,  and 
Paying  five  pounds  to  Mr.  Mayor  for  the  use  of  the 
Poor." 

I  would  ask  any  of  your  correspondents  familiar 
with  dramatic  affairs,  was  Mr.  Herbert  "  known 
to  fame  "  ?  JAMES  THOMPSON. 

Leicester. 

THE  HUNTINGDONSHIRE  FEAST.— I  have  a  copy 
of  TrimneU's  Sermon  "  Preached  upon  Occasion 
of  the  Huntingdonshire  Feast  at  St.  Swithin's 
Church,  London,  the  24th  of  June,"  1697.  In 
the  dedication,  to  the  "  Stewards  of  the  Hunting- 
donshire Feast,"  the  preacher  says,  that,  to  them 
"  our  country  owes  so  much  for  the  Reviving  of 
an  useful  Society  out  of  a  Charitable  design."  ^  I 
am  desirous  to  learn  some  particulars  concerning 
this  JTeast,  which  is  not  mentioned  in  Brayley  and 
those  other  topographical  accounts  and  directories 
which,  up  to  the  present,  are  the  only  "  County 
Histories "  of  which  Huntingdonshire  can  boast. 
Nor  is  the  Feast  referred  to  in  the  very  excellent 
History  of  Huntingdon,  published  in  1824,  by  a 
now  well-known  author,  who  modestly  shrouded 
himself  under  the  initials  "R-.  C."  appended  to 
the  Preface  —  the  initials  of  Mr.  Robert  Carru- 
thers,  who  was  at  that  time  a  junior  master  in  the 
Huntingdon  Grammar  School. 

CUTHBERT  BEDE. 

THOMAS  HURTLEY  of  Malham,  in  Craven,  pub- 
lished Natural  Curiosities  in  the  Environs  of  Mal- 
ham, 8vo,  1786.  When  did  he  die  ?  S.  Y.  R. 

"  LIFE  OF  SAMUEL  JOHNSON,"  &c.,  printed  for 
G.  Kearsley,  &c.,  1785.*  Who  wrote  this  memoir, 
which  is  prefaced  by  the  portrait,  u  drawn  from 
the  life,  and  etched  by  T.  Trotter,"  in  1782  ?  — of 
which  Johnson  said,  when  he  looked  at  the  draw- 
ing :  "  Well,  thou  art  an  ugly  fellow ;  but  still  I 
believe  thou  art  like."  QUIVIS. 

[*  There  was  another  Life  of  Dr.  Johnson  published 
anonymouslv  by  Walker,  in  1785.  This  was  by  the  Rev. 
Wm."  Shaw."  See  "  N.  &  Q.,"  2"*  S.  v.  c  77.  The  one  pub- 
lished bv  G.  Kearsley  was  inquired  after  in  our  2nd  S.  xi. 
227.— Eb.] 


498 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


V.  JUNE  18,  '64 


EtiAS  JUXON.— Can  any  reader  inform  me  who 
Elias  Juxon  was  ?  He  died  in  London  1632. 

LADY  MARKHAM.— Who  was  this  lady  on  whom 
Donne  wrote  an  elegy  ?  (Poems,  p.  66,  ed.  1633.) 

CPL. 

CLUB  AT  THE  MERMAID  TAVERN. — An  account 
of  this  celebrated  Club  is  given  in  Gilford's  Life 
of  Ben  Jonson,  p.  65  ;  but  what  is  the  original 
source  from  which  he  derived  his  information  ?  I 
have  an  opinion  that  the  "  Mitre"  was  the  more 
frequent  rendezvous  according  to  the  lines :  — 

"  Quilibet,  si  sit  contentus, 
Vt  statutus  stet  conventus, 

Sicut  nos  promisimus, 
Signum  Mitrae  erit  locus, 
Erit  cibus,  erit  iocus 
Optimotatissimus.' ' 

CPL. 

*'  THE  PETRIE  COLLECTION,"  ETC.  —  The  first 
volume  of  The  Petrie  Collection  of  the  Ancient 
Music  of  Ireland  was  published  in  Dublin  in  the 
year  1855,  "  under  the  superintendence  of  the 
Society  for  the  Preservation  and  Publication  of 
the  Melodies  of  Ireland."  Can  you  or  any  of  your 
Irish  readers  inform  me  whether  the  Society  is 
extant,  and  whether  we  may  hope  to  have  any 
more  volumes  ?  The  materials  would  appear  to 
be  most  abundant.  Funds,  however,  are  often- 
times found  wanting  to  carry  out  a  good  purpose, 
and  this,  I  suppose,  is  the  case  with  the  Society  in 
question.  ABHBA. 

ST.  THOMAS'S  HOSPITAL.  —  I  should  be  ex- 
tremely glad  of  any  information  relative  to  Capt. 
John  Smith,  who  died  at  Clapham,  March  7, 1698, 
aet.  sixty-nine,  having  been  for  many  years  trea- 
surer of  St.  Thomas's  Hospital.  I  particularly 
want  his  wife's  maiden  name,  the  date  of  her 
death,  and  the  names  of  their  children. 

H.  J.  S. 

BECKWITH  SPENCER,  of  Yorkshire,  admitted  of 
Corpus  Christi  College,  Cambridge,  1698  ;  B.A. 
1701 ;  M.A.  1704;  was  Vicar  of  Southwell,  Not- 
tinghamshire. He  has  verses  in  the  University 
Collection  on  the  death  of  William,  Duke  of 
Gloucester,  1700;  and  published — 

"The  Benefactress,  a  Poem ;  occasion'd  by  the  Dutchess 
of  Newcastle's  giving  Five  hundred  pounds  towards  the 
Repairing  the  Collegiate  Church  of  Southwell.  London. 

We  shall  be  glad  to  receive  additional  particu- 
lars respecting  him. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

SIR  ROBERT  SLOPER.  —  Where  can  I  find  the 
pedigree  of  Sir  Robert  Sloper,  who  was  made  a 
Knight  of  the  Bath  in  1788  ?  MELETES 


SMYTH.— The  Rev.  William  Smyth,  of  Dunot- 
tar,  in  Caithness,  and  minister  of  Bower  and 
Watten,  was  imprisoned  at  Thurso  by  Montrose 
in  1650.  He  married  a  daughter  of  James  Sin- 
clair of  Ratter,  nephew  of  George,  fifth  Earl  of 
Caithness.  Was  he  a  brother  or  cousin  of  Patrick 
Smyth  of  Braco,  and  what  issue  had  he  besides 
George  Smyth  ?  Probably  MR.  CARMICHAEL  can 
answer  this.  C.  H. 

SOUTH  AFRICAN  DISCOVERT. — Eusebius  Renau- 
dot,  in  his  remarks  on  the  second  of  the  Ancient 
Accounts  of  India  and  China  by  Two  Mahommedan 
Travellers,  who  went  to  those  Parts  in  the  Ninth 
Century,  writes :  — 

"  Sea  charts  have  bad  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope  by  the 
name  of  Fronteira  de  Africa  before  that  celebrated  voy- 
age of  Vasques  de  Gama  was  undertaken.  Antonio  Gal- 
vam  relates  from  Francisco  deSousa  Tavarez  that,  in  the 
year  1528,  the  Infant  Dom  Fernand  showed  him,  the  said 
Tavarez,  such  a  chart,  which  was  in  the  monasterv  of 
Alcobaca,  and  had  been  drawn  120  years." 

Is  it  known  whether  this  curious  chart,  or  any 
copy  of  it,  is  in  existence,  and  is  a  record  pre- 
served of  the  adventures  of  the  enterprising 
mariners,  who  surveyed  the  South  Coast  of  Africa 
so  far  back  as  the  year  1408  ?  Perhaps  VIATOR, 
who  answered  my  query  on  De  Foe  and  Dr. 
Livingstone,  signed  H.  C.,  may  be  able  to  afford 
me  this  information.  H.  CONGREVE. 

SPANISH  PRAYER-BOOK.  —  I  have  lately  come 
across  a  small  book,  bound  in  tortoiseshell,  with 
gilt  clasps  of  ornamental  design,  and  in  good  .pre- 
servation. The  title  of  the  book  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  Orden  de  Oraciones  de  mes,  con  los  ayunos  del  solo  y 
Congregacion  y  Pascuas  nuevamente  enmendado  y  ane- 
dido.  Amsterdam,  por  industria  de  Jehudah  Machabeu  y 
despesa  de  Eliau  y  David  Uziel  Cardoso  vezinos  de  Am- 
sterdam. Anno  5416." 

Can  any  of  your  correspondents  give  me  in- 
formation as  to  the  rarity  or  history  of  this  book  ? 
There  is  an  old  tradition  that  it  belonged  to  Anne 
Boleyn.  W.  J.  F. 

CURIOUS  SURGICAL  ANECDOTE.  —  In  the  Mont- 
gomery MSS.,  published  at  Belfast  in  1830,  is  an 
account,  at  p.  189,  of  the  third  Viscount  Mont- 
gomery, who,  at  Oxford,  showed  the  palpitations 
of  his  heart  to  King  Charles  I.  through  an  inci- 
sion in  his  side,  which  had  been  made  in  his  youth 
by  Dr.  Maxwell,  who  was  afterwards  the  King's 
Physician.  Are  there  any  further  details  known 
of  this  singular  story  ? 

H.  LOFTUS  TOTTENHAM. 

SIR  JOHN  VANBURGH. — Are  there  any  drawings 
existing  known  to  have  been  made  by  this 
architect,  who  designed  Blenheim  Palace,  Castle 
Howard,  and  many  smaller  buildings  ?  There  are 
Dlenty  by  his  contemporaries,  Wren  and  Hawks- 
more.  WYATT  PAP  WORTH. 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


499 


UNIVERSITY  OF  DUBLIN. — 

"  A  grace  proposed  on  Friday  last,  for  returning  thanks 
to  the  king,  for  his  present  of  the  Parliamentary  History, 
in  an  English  Letter,  with  a  seal  of  the  University,  en- 
closed in  a .gold  box,  was  rejected  in  full  senate." — From 
the  Bath  Chronicle,  under  "  Irish  News  "  April  2, 1772. 

Why  and  wherefore  rejected  ?  K.  W.  F. 

WHITE  HATS  AT  OXFORD. — A  writer  in  The 
Times  of  June  9th,  describing  the  Commemoration, 
after  stating  that  the  undergraduates  assailed  with 
especial  violence  the  individual  who  ventured  in- 
side the  doors  wearing  a  white  hat,  proceeds :  — 

"  The  white  hat  seems  to  act  on  the  undergraduate  as 
the  red  rag  upon  the  Spanish  bull ;  it  absolutely  infu- 
riates him,  and,  till  it  is  removed  from  sight,  he  yells  and 
raves  as  if  he  were  downright  mad." 

Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  explain  the 
origin  of  this  feeling  ?  W.  H. 


STONE  AND  WOODEN  ALTARS  IN  ENGLAND. — In 
William  of  "Malmesbury's  Life  of  S.  Wulstan 
{Aug.  Sac.,  vol.  ii.  p.  264),  he  tells  us,  that  "in 
his  [Wulstan's]  time  (circa  1090)  there  were 
wooden  altars  in  England  from  the  primitive  days. 
He  having  demolished  them  throughout  his  dio- 
cese [Worcester]  made  new  ones  of  stone."  What 
was  the  reason  of  the  change,  and  why  did  the 
bishop  preach  (so  to  speak)  such  a  crusade  against 
what  is  confessed  to  have  been  an  established  cus- 
tom ?  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

[Our  correspondent's  query  has  been  anticipated  in  a 
paper  read  before  the  Cambridge  Camden  Society,  on 
Nov.  28,  1844,  On  the  History  of  Christian  Altars  [by 
Mr.  Collison],  and  since  published  as  a  tract,  12mo,  1845. 
We  there  read,  that  "  In  1076  the  council  of  Winchester, 
under  Lanfranc  and  the  papal  legates,  orders  the  altars  to 
be  made  of  stone :  unfortunately  nothing  but  the  heads 
of  the  canons  is  preserved.  (Spelman,  Cone.,  ii.  12.)  But 
here  I  shall  give  you  a  passage  from  the  life  of  S.  Wulstan, 
bishop  of  Worcester,  in  which  William  of  Malmesbury 
(who  lived  in  the  reign  of  Stephen,  A.D.  1141,)  says, '  at 
that  time  the  altars  had  been  of  wood  (or,  there  had  been 
wooden  altars),  even  from  ancient  times  in  England. 
These  he  demolished  throughout  his  diocese,  and  con- 
structed others  of  stone.  So  that  sometimes  in  one  day 
he  would  consecrate  two  altars  in  one  town,  and  as  many 
more  on  the  second  and  third  day,  in  other  places  that  he 
had  gone  to.'  (  Vit.  S.  Wulst.,  pt.  ii.  c.  14,  in  Angl  Sac., 
ii.  264.)  This  passage  seems  of  some  importance,  for 
Wulstan  was  a  sturdy  Saxon  prelate,  almost  the  only 
one  who  kept  his  ground  under  the  Conqueror,  and  indeed 
was  very  near  being  deprived  on  a  charge  brought  against 
him  by  Lanfranc  himself:  and  though  he  was  afterwards 
much  respected  and  consulted  by  the  archbishop,  it  is  to 
be  remembered  that  Lanfranc,  though  himself  an  Italian 
by  birth,  and  a  great  and  good  man,  is  said  to  have  kept 


studiously  aloof  from  the  party  of  S.  Gregory  VII.  So 
that  I  conceive  this  canon  of  the  Winchester  council,  and 
the  consequent  activity  of  S.  Wulstan,  must  have  been  re- 
garded by  Churchmen  then,  and  should  be  regarded  by 
us  now,  as  the  re-enactment  of  the  old  law  of  the  Council 
of  Epaune,  and  the  Excerpt  of  Abp.  Egbert,  called  for  by 
their  respect  for  antiquity,  and  their  regard  for  order  and 
decency."  This  valuable  tract  ought  to  be  m  the  library 
of  every  ecclesiastical  antiquary.] 

BASING  HOUSE,  HAMPSHIRE. — I  am  desirous  of 
finding  as  full  an  account  as  possible  of  the  sieges 
which  this  strongly  fortified  residence  of  the  Mar- 
quis of  Winchester  underwent  during  the  great 
rebellion.  In  particular  that  in  1644,  at  which 
the  witty  Dr.  Fuller  is  said  to  have  so  vigorously 
incited  the  garrison  against  the  parliamentary 
leader,  Sir  W.  Waller.  The  references  I  have 
hitherto  seen  are  too  scanty  for  my  purpose — that 
of  compiling  a  biography  of  Dr.  Thos.  Fuller. 

J.  E.  B. 

[Particulars  of  this  memorable  siege  were  published  at 
the  time  in  what  are  now  called  "  The  Civil  War  Tracts." 
Among  others  the  following  may  be  consulted:  1.  "A 
Description  of  the  Siege  of  Basing  Castle,  kept  by  the 
Lord  Marquisse  of  Winchester  for  the  service  of  His  Ma- 
jesty against  the  Forces  of  the  Rebels  under  command  of 
Col.  Norton.  Lond.  4to,  1644."  2.  "  The  Journal  of  the 
Siege  of  Basing  House  by  the  Marquis*se  of  Winchester, 
Oxford,  4to,  1644."  3.  Hugh  Peter's  "Full  and  Last 
Relation  concerning  Basing  House,  London,  4to,  1645." 
The  name  of  Dr.  Fuller,  however,  does  not  occur  in  either 
of  these  tracts.  Burke,  in  The  Patrician,  v.  473-479,  has 
given  an  interesting  account  of  Basing  House ;  but  has 
neglected  to  give  his  authority  for  the  following  notice  of 
our  witty  historian :  "  Dr.  Thomas  Fuller,  author  of  The 
Church  History  of  Britain,  and  other  works,  being  a 
chaplain  in  the  royal  army  under  Lord  Hopton,  was  for 
some  time  shut  up  in  Basing  House  while  it  was  besieged. 
Even  here,  as  if  sitting  in  the  study  of  a  quiet  parsonage 
far  removed  from  the  din  of  war,  he  prosecuted  his 
favourite  work,  entitled  The  Worthies  of  England;  dis- 
covering no  signs  of  fear,  but  only  complaining  that  the 
noise  of  the  cannon,  which  was  continually  thundering 
from  the  lines  of  the  besiegers,  interrupted  him  in  digest- 
ing his  notes.  Dr.  Fuller,  however,  animated  the  gar- 
rison to  so  vigorous  a  defence,  that  Sir  William  Waller 
was  obliged  to  raise  the  siege  with  considerable  loss,  by 
which  the  fate  of  Basing  House  was  for  a  considerable 
time  suspended.  When  it  was  besieged  a  second  time 
and  fell,  Lord  Hopton's  army  took  shelter  in  the  city  of 
Exeter,  whither  Fuller  accompanied  it."] 

ATHENRT,  OR  ATHUNRY.  —  Among  a  number  of 
old  "  franks,"  I  have  some  directed  by  Thomas 
Birmingham,  nineteenth  Lord  Athenry  (the  pre- 
mier barony  of  Ireland),  who,  in  1730,  was  created 
Earl  of  Louth.  One  of  these  is  now  before  me ; 
it  is  a  letter  from  Denis  Daly,  Esq.,  of  Raford,  co. 
Galway,  and  is  dated  April  23,  1737.  Curiously 


500 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


V.  JUNE  18,  '64. 


enough  it  is  franked  by  the  Earl,  not  "  Louth  " 
but  "  Athunry,"  and  indeed  all  his  signatures  are 
similar,  even  in  the  spelling.  Observe,  the  title  is 
spelt  with  a  u  instead  of  an  e.  Query,  which  is 
correct?  H.  LOFTUS  TOTTENHAM. 

[The  word  is  spelt  in  Jive  different  ways  in  Lodge's 
Peerage;  viz.,  Athnery,  Aghnary  (as  anciently  written), 
Athunree,  Athunry,  and  Athenry.] 


"  ROBIN  ADAIR : "   "  JOHNNY  ADAIR :  "  «  THE 
KILRUDDERY  HUNT." 

(3rd  S.  iv.  130;  v.  404,  442) 

E.  K.  J.  is  most  decidedly  in  error,  both  as  re- 
gards the  hero,  nature,  and  date  of  "Robin 
Adair,"  which  in  no  sense  of  the  phrase  can  be 
called  "a  drinking  song,"  or  one  showing  the 
"  warmth  of  that  friendship  which  subsisted  be- 
tween that  gentleman  (what  gentleman  ?)  and  his 
friends;"  but  is  merely  a  sentimental  sorrowful 
lament  of  a  lady  for  the  absence  of  her  lover. 

Robert  Adair,  the  hero  of  the  song,  was  well 
known  in  the  London  fashionable  circles  of  the 
last  century  by  the  sobriquet  of  the  "Fortunate 
Irishman ; "  but  his  parentage,  and  the  exact  place 
of  his  birth  are  unknown.  He  was  brought  up  as 
a  surgeon,  but  his  "  detection  in  an  early  amour 
drove  him  precipitately  from  Dublin,"  to  push  his 
fortunes  in  England.  Scarcely  had  he  crossed 
the  Channel  when  the  chain  of  lucky  events,  that 
ultimately  led  him  to  fame  and  fortune,  com- 
menced. Near  Holyhead,  perceiving  a  carriage 
overturned,  he  ran  to  render  assistance.  The 
sole  occupant  of  this  vehicle  was  "  a  lady  of  fashion 
well  known  in  polite  circles,"  who  received  Adair's 
attentions  with  thanks ;  and,  being  slightly  hurt, 
and  hearing  that  he  was  a  surgeon,  requested  him 
to  travel  with  her  in  her  carriage  to  London. 
On  their  arrival  in  the  metropolis,  she  presented 
him  with  a  fee  of  one  hundred  guineas,  and  gave 
him  a  general  invitation  to  her  house.  In  after 
life,  Adair  used  to  say  that  it  was  not  so  much 
the  amount  of  this  fee,  but  the  time  it  was  given 
that  was  of  service  to  him,  as  he  was  then  almost 
destitute.  But  the  invitation  to  her  house  was  a 
still  greater  service,  for  there  he  met  the  person 
who  decided  his  fate  in  life.  This  was  Lady 
Caroline  Keppel,  daughter  of  the  second  Earl  of 
Albemarle,  and  of  Lady  Anne  Lenox,  daughter  of 
the  first  Duke  of  Richmond.  Forgetting  her 
high  lineage,  Lady  Caroline,  at  the  first  sight  of 
the  Irish  surgeon,  fell  desperately  in  love  with 
him ;  and  her  emotions  were  so  sudden  and  so 
violent  as  to  attract  the  general  attention  of  the 
company.  Adair,  perceiving  his  advantage,  lost 
no  time  in  pursuing  it ;  while  the  Albemarle  and 
Richmond  families  were  dismayed  at  the  prospect 


of  such  a  terrible  mesalliance.  Every  means  were 
tried  to  induce  the  young  lady  to  alter  her  mind, 
but  without  effect.  Adair's  biographer  *  tells  us 
that  — 

"  Amusements,  a  long  journey,  an  advantageous  offer, 
and  other  common  modes  of  shaking  off  what  was  consi- 
dered by  the  family  as  an  improper  match  were  alter- 
nately tried,  but  in  vain ;  the  health  of  Lady  Caroline  was 
evidently  impaired,  and  the  family  at  last  confessed,  with 
a  good  sense  that  reflects  honour  on  their  understandings 
as  well  as  their  hearts,  that  it  was  possible  to  prevent, 
but  never  to  dissolve  an  attachment ;  and  that  marriage 
was  the  honourable,  and  indeed  the  only  alternative  that 
could  secure  her  happiness  and  life." 

When  Lady  Caroline  was  taken  by  her  friends 
from  London  to  Bath,  that  she  might  be  separated 
from  her  lover,  she  wrote,  it  is  said,  the  song  of 
"Robin  Adair,"  and  set  it  to  a  plaintive  Irish 
tune  that  she  had  heard  him  sing.  Whether  writ- 
ten by  Lady  Caroline  or  not,  the  song  is  simply 
expressive  of  her  feelings  at  the  time,  and  as  it 
completely  corroborates  the  circumstances  just 
related,  which  were  the  town-talk  of  the  period, 
though  now  little  more  than  family  tradition,  there 
can  be  no  doubt  that  they  were  the  origin  of  the 
song,  the  words  of  which  as  originally  written  are 
the  following :  — 

"  ROBIN  ADAIR. 
"  What's  this  dull  town  to  me? 

Robin's  not  near ; 
He  whom  I  wish  to  see, 

Wish  for  to  hear. 
Where's  all  the  joy  and  mirth, 
Made  life  a  Heaven  on  earth  ? 
Oh !  they're  all  fled  with  thee, 
Robin  Adair. 

"  What  made  the  assembly  shine  ? 

Robin  Adair ! 
What  made  the  ball  so  fine? 

Robin  was  there ! 
What  when  the  play  was  o'er, 
What  made  my  heart  so  sore? 
Oh !  it  was  parting  with 

Robin  Adair ! 

"  But  now  thou  art  far  from  me, 

Robin  Adair ! 
But  now  I  never  see 

Robin  Adair ! 
Yet  he  I  love  so  well 
Still  in  my  heart  shall  dwell, 
Oh !  can  I  ne'er  forget, 

Robin  Adair ! " 

*  Memoirs  of  the  Life  of  Robert  Adair,  Esq.,  Omnia 
Vincit  Amor.  London :  Kearsley,  MDCCXC.  There  is  also 
a  biographical  notice  of  Adair  in  that  curious  collection 
of  valuable  and  interesting  information,  The  Lounger's 
Common  Place-Book.  The  author  of  this  work  was  J.  W. 
Newman,  a  surgeon,  and  I  believe  an  Irishman.  And  I 
strongly  suspect,  from  a  similarity  of  style,  that  he  too 
was  the  author  of  the  above  Memoirs. 


3'*  S.  V.  JUNB  18,  '64] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


501 


Immediately  after  his  marriage*  with  Lady 
Caroline,  Adair  was  appointed  Inspector- General 
of  Military  Hospitals,  and  subsequently,  becoming 
a  favourite  of  George  III.,  he  was  made  Surgeon- 
General,  King's  Sergeant- Surgeon,  and  Surgeon  of 
Chelsea  Hospital.  Very  fortunate  men  have  sel- 
dom many  friends,  but  Adair,  by  declining  a 
baronetcy  that  was  offered  to  him  by  the  king  for 
surgical  attendance  on  the  Duke  of  Gloucester, 
actually  acquired  considerable  popularity  before 
his  death,  which  took  place  when  he  was  nearly 
fourscore  years  of  age  in  1790.  In  the  Gentle- 
man's Magazine  of  that  year  there  are  verses  "  On 
the  Death  of  Robert  Adair,  Esq.,  late  Surgeon- 
General,  by  J.  Crane,  M.D.,"  who  it  is  to  be  hoped 
was  a  much  better  physician  than  a  poet. 

Lady  Caroline  Adair's  married  life  was  short 
but  happy  ;  she  died  of  consumption  after  giving 
birth  to  three  children,  one  of  them  a  son.  On 
her  deathbed,  she  requested  Adair  to  wear  mourn- 
ing for  her  as  long  as  he  lived ;  which  he  scrupu- 
lously did,  save  on  the  king's  and  queen's  birthdays, 
when  his  duty  to  his  sovereign  required  him  to 
appear  at  court  in  full  dress.  If  this  injunction 
respecting  mourning  were  to  prevent  Adair  mar- 
rying again,'  it  had  the  desired  effect ;  he  did  not 
marry  a  second  time,  though  he  had  many  offers.  But 
I  am  trenching  on  the  scandalous  chronicles  of  the 
last  century,'and  must  stop.  Suffice  it  to  say,  Adair 
seems  to  have  been  a  universal  favourite  among 
both  women  and  men  ;  even  Pope  Ganganelli  con- 
ceived a  strong  friendship  for  him  when  he  visited 
Rome.  Adair's  only  son,  by  Lady  Keppel,  served 
his  country  with  distinction  as  a  diplomatist,  and 
died  in  1855,  aged  ninety-two  years,  then  being  the 
Right  Honourable  Sir  Robert  Adair,  G.C.B.,  the 
last  surviving  political  and  private  friend  of  his 
distinguished  relative  Charles  James  Fox.  His 
memory,  though  not  generally  known,  has  been 
also  enshrined  in  a  popular  piece  of  poetry,  for, 
being  expressly  educated  for  the  diplomatic  ser- 
vice at  the  University  of  Gottingen,  Canning 
satirised  him  in  The  Rovers  as  Rogero,  the  unfor- 
tunate student-lover  of  "  Sweet  Matilda  Pot- 
tingen." 

The  reader  will  be  surprised  to  find  that  any 
one  could  term  "  Robin  Adair  "  a  drinking  song ; 
but  the  manner  of  the  mistake  is  pretty  clear  to 
me,  who,  from  my  knowledge  of  Irish  lyrical  litera- 
ture, may  be  said  to  be  behind  the  scenes  in  this 
matter.  ^  E.  K.  J.  evidently  confounds  the  ori- 
ginal, plaintive  song  of  "  Robin  Adair,"  with  a 
wretched  parody  on  it,  probably  never  yet  printed, 
called  "Johnny  Adair."  He  also  confounds  a 
John  Adair  of  Kilternan,  the  subject  of  "  Johnny 
Adair,"  who  lived  in  the  present  century,  with 

*  In  The  Grand  Magazine  of  Universal  Intelligence  for 
1758,  the  marriage  is  thus  announced :— "  February  22nd, 
Robert  Adair,  Esq.,  to  the  Right  Honourable  the  Lady 
Caroline  Keppel." 


Squire  John  Adair  of  the  same  place,  one  of  the 
Kilruddery  hunters  in  1744.  Beginning  thus, 
E.  K.  J.  further  complicates  the  simple  question  by 
other  glaring  errors ;  and  then  ME.  REDMOND  puts 
his  foot  into  the  imbroglio  by  adding  what  he  terms 
"  collateral  evidence,  namely,  that  a  John  Adair 
is  mentioned  in  the  "  Kilruddery  Hunt,"  which  is 
just  as  germane  to  the  song  of  "Robin  Adair"  as 
the  river  at  Monmouth  is  to  the  river  at  Macedon. 

In  the  first  place,  then,  let  us  turn  our  atten- 
tion to  "  Johnny  Adair." 

Among  the  MS.  collections  of  the  late  Thomas 
Crofton  Croker,  in  the  British  Museum,  I  find  the 
following  memorandum :  — 

"  In  a  quizzical  paper  published  in  the  Sentimental  and 
Masonic  Magazine  for  Jan.  1794,  mention  is  made  of  a 
whimsical  ceremony  called  Bonnybrock.  Apropos  of  this 
singular  ceremony  of  the  Bonnybrock.  It  was  in  great 
request  among  a*  club  of  wits  and  jovial  fellows,  who 
sprung  up  in  Dublin,  and  flourished  in  the  succeeding 
generation.  At  the  head  of  this  brilliant  and  sportive 
association  of  all  that  was  then  gay  and  spirited  in  this 
capital,  we  find  the  memorable  names  of  Alderman  Ma- 
carroll,  Will.  Aldridge,  Johnny  Adair  of  Kilternan. 
Some  of  these  worthies  are  commemorated  in  a  lyric 
piece,  which,  for  pathos  or  sentiment,  and  harmony  of 
versification,  has  few  equals :  — 

"  JOHNNY  ADAIR  OF   KILTERNAN  :    HIS  WELCOME   TO 
PUCKSTOWN. 

"  You're  welcome  to  Puckstown, 

Johnny  Adair. 
O,  you're  welcome  to  Puckstown, 

Johnny  Adair. 
How  does  Will  Aldridge  do? 
Johnny  Maccaroll  too  ? 
0,  why  came  they  not  along  with  you  ? 

Johnny  Adair. 

"  I  could  drink  wine  with  you, 

Johnny  Adair. 
0, 1  could  drink  wine  with  you, 

Johnny  Adair. 
I  could  drink  beer  with  you, 
Aye,  rum  and  brandy  too, 
O,  I  could  get  drunk  with  you, 

Johnny  Adair." 

This  wretched  doggrel  is  certaiply  unworthy  of 
a  place  here ;  still  it  has  to  be  put  in  as  evidence, 
for  it  is,  doubtless,  the  "  drinking  song"  alluded  to 
by  E.  K.  J.  Now,  what  is  the  date  of  it  ?  The 
memorandum  introducing  it  states,  that  Johnny 
Adair  "nourished  in  the  succeeding  generation" 
to  1794.  So  we  may  place  this  parody  about,  say 
1814,  for  these  reasons.  The  original  song  of 
"  Robin  Adair  "  had  been  many  years  almost  for- 
gotten, when  it  was  revived  by  Braham  singing 
it  about  1811.  Braham  sang  it  for  his  benefit,  at 
the  Lyceum,  on  the  17th  of  December  in  that 
year.  The  song  had  then  created  a  perfect  furore. 
Its  simplicity  of  words  and  air  led  to  many  ver- 
sions and  imitations  of  it ;  and  in  The  Times  of 


502 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  JUNE  18,  '64. 


Dec.  19,  1811,  there  is  an  advertisement  issued 
by  one  William  Reeve,  stating  that  he  had  ar- 
ranged the  words  and  music  of  "  Robin  Adair  " 
as  sang  by  Braham,  and  that  his  was  the  only 
correct  and  copyright  edition.  There  were  many 
parodies  written  upon  it  for  several  years  after, 
as  I  well  recollect ;  having  received  a  severe 
caning  for  one  on  "  Taffy "  Telfair,  an  eccentric 
teacher  of  writing  in  Belfast,  who,  though  he  had 
but  one  finger  and  a  thumb,  and  these  but  on  his 
left-hand,  could,  as  he  used  to  boast,  write  and 
flog  as  well  as  any  man  in  Ireland.  We  may  then 
conclude  that  "  Johnny  Adair" — the  "drinking 
song"  — was  written  in  the  present  century,  and 
is  merely  a  parody  on  "  Robin  Adair." 

I  must  apologise  to  the  readers  of  "  N".  &  Q." 
for  occupying  so  much  space  with  this  subject, 
but  it  is  not  altogether  an  uninteresting  one ;  and 
as  it  has  been  most  absurdly  complicated,  less 
space  than  I  now  propose  to  occupy  will  not  suffice 
to  unravel  the  tangled  skein. 

With  respect  to  Squire  Adair  of  Kilternan,  in 
the  county  of  Dublin,  and  the  song  generally 
known  as  "  The  Kilruddery  Hunt,"  I  am  for- 
tunately able  to  give  E.  K.  J.  and  MR.  RED» 
MOND  some  information  also.  In  an  obituary 
notice  of  Anthony  Brabazon,  eighth  Earl  of  Meath, 
in  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  (vol.  Ix.  p.  88),  it  is 
observed  that  — 

"  Kilruddery  was  his  Lordship's  favourite  seat,  a  place 
celebrated  by  Johnny  Adair,  in  the  best  hunting  song 
extant : — 

' .        .        .        Kilruddery's  plentiful  board, 
Where  dwells  hospitality,  truth,  and  my  Lord,' — 

were  Johnny's  words  on  a  former  possessor  of  the  title." 

But  this  assertion  is  corrected  at  p.  368  of  the 
same  volume,  where  we  are  told  that  — 

"  The  song  was  not  a  production  of  the  convivial  Johnny 
Adair  (who  is  himself  celebrated  in  it),  but  of  the  no  less 
jovial  John  St.  Ledger,  the  son  of  Sir  John  St.  Ledger, 
formerly  one  of  the  Barons  of  the  Court  of  Exchequer, 
and  who  sported  many  other  jeux  d'esprit  now  mostly  lost. 
Johnny  Adair  drank  no  water,  not  even  of  Aganippe  or 
Hippocrene." 

Neither  of  these  assertions  are  correct.  The 
rattling  rollicking  Irish  song,  "The  Kilruddery 
Hunt,"  was  really  written  -by  an  Englishman; 
one  Thomas  Mozeen,  a  popular  comedian  and 
singer,—"  a  fellow  of  infinite  jest,"  whose  amusing 
powers  made  him  a  welcome  guest  at  the  too 
hospitable  houses  of  the  Irish  squires  and  squi- 
reens in  his  day.  This  was  clearly  shown  by  two 
eminent  Irish  antiquaries,  Joseph  Cooper  Walker,* 
Esq.  (see  Ritsoris  Letters,  edited  by  Sir  Harris 
Nicolas,  vol.  i.  p.  179,  note),  and  the  Rev.  James 


Member  of  the  Royal  Irish  Academy,  author  of  His- 
torical Memoirs  of  the  Irish  Bards,  Historical  Essays  on 
the  Irish  Stage,  and  other  well-known  works  of  a  similar 
description. 


Whitelaw,*  in  the  eighteenth  century,  ere  the 
great  huntsman  of  mankind  had  run  to  earth  the 
last  of  the  Kilruddery  Nimrods.  Mr.  Whitelaw 
was  peculiarly  fitted  to  give  an  opinion  on  this 
subject :  for,  having  resided  at  Kilruddery  House 
as  tutor  to  an  Earl  of  Meath,  he  knew  every  inch 
of  the  ground  celebrated  in  the  song  ;  arid  actually 
constructed  a  map  of  the  devious  run,  from  where 
the  fox  first  broke  cover,  at  Killeager,  till  it 
was  killed  on  Dalkey-hill.  The  tradition  of  the 
country  in  Mr.  Whitelaw's  time  was,  that  the 
song  was  the  joint  production  of  Mr.  Mozeen  and 
one  Owen  Bray — of  whom  more  hereafter.  And 
as  Mozeen  was  not  a  sportsman,  and  Bray  was  a 
keen  one — and  as  "  the  soul  of  the  sportsman, 
indeed,  seems  transferred  into  the  song"— it  was 
the  general  opinion  that  the  song  was  the  com- 
position of  Bray,  and  that  the  sole  claim  of 
Mozeen  consisted  in  having  set  it  to  music.  To 
this,  however,  it  must  be  answered,  that  Mozeen 
was  a  song  writer,  while  Bray  was  not;  and  the 
song  never  was  set  to  music,  as  it  was  written  to 
a  well-known  ancient  Irish  air,  termed  "  Shelah 
na  Guiragh."  Moreover,  in  1762,  Mozeen  pub- 
lished the  song  as  his  own  in  A  Miscellaneous 
Collection  of  Essays  in  Verse.  This  work  was 
published  by  subscription,  the  names  of  many 
Irish  gentleman  appear  in  the  list  of  subscribers, 
and  it  was  dedicated  to  "  the  Honourable  Richard 
Mountney,  Esq.,  one  of  His  Majesty's  Barons  of 
the  Exchequer  in  the  Kingdom  of  Ireland/1 

All  this  Mozeen — then  a  respectable  actor  at 
Drury  Lane  and  the  Dublin  theatres,  patronised 
particularly  by  the  Irish  gentry,  and  dependent 
for  his  bread  on  public  favour — would  scarcely 
have  dared  to  do,  if  the  work  contained  a  song 
not  only  not  written  by  himself,  but  written  by 
John  St.  Ledger,  the  son  of  another  Baron  of  the 
Irish  Exchequer.  Two  years  later,  in  1764, 
Mozeen  again  published  the  song  as  his  own,  in  a 
work  entitled  The  Lyrick  Pacquet. 

The  part  of  a  verse,  quoted  by  MR.  REDMOND, 
is  incorrectly  given,  the  whole  verse  being  as 
follows :  — 

"  In  seventeen  hundred  and  forty  and  four, 
The  fifth  of  December — I  think  'twas  no  more — 
At  five  in  the  morning,  by  most  of  the  clocks, 
We  rode  from  Kilruddery  to  try  for  a  fox ; 
The  Loughlinstown  landlord,  the  bold  Owen  Bray, 
With  Squire  Adair,  sure,  were  with  us  that  day;* 
Joe  Debill,  Hall  Preston,  that  huntsman  so  stout, 
Dick  Holmes,  a  few  others,  and  so  we  went  out." 

MR.  REDMOND  asks — "Who  was  the  landlord?" 
I  reply  that  he  was  no  other  than  the  bold  Owen 
Bray  himself,  who  kept  a  tavern  at  Loughlins- 
town, where  Mozeen,  the  author  of  the  song, 
lodged  during  several  seasons,  and  where  the 
neighbouring  squires  held  their  cock-tights,  and 

*  Member  of  the  Royal  Irish  Academy,  author  of  His- 
tory of  Dublin,  and  other  works. 


3"*  S.  V.  JUNK  18,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


503 


carried  on  the  grosser  debaucheries,  that  even  they 
were  ashamed  to  perpetrate  in  their  own  dwel- 
lings. For,  as  the  Regius  Professor  of  Modern 
History  at  Oxford,  well  and  truly  observes  of  the 
period :  *  — 

"  The  habits  of  the  Irish  gentry  grew  beyond  measure 
brutal  and  reckless,  and  the  coarseness  of  their  debauche- 
ries would  have  disgusted  the  crew  of  Comus.t  Their 
drunkenness,  their  blasphemy,  their  ferocious  duelling, 
left  even  the  squires  of  England  far  behind.  Fortunately 
their  recklessness  was  sure,  in  the  end,  to  work  its  own  cure ; 
and  in  the  background  of  their  swinish  and  uproarious 
drinking  bouts,  the  Encumbered  Estates  Act  rises  to  our 
view." 

Owen  Bray's  name  occurs  in  another  verse  of 
the  song,  which,  as  a  specimen  of  what  was,  at  the 
least  supposed  to  be,  the  after-dinner  conversa- 
tion at  the  Earl  of  Meath's  table,  may  be  quoted 
here :  — 

"  We  returned  to  Kilruddery's  plentiful  board, 
Where  dwells  hospitality,  truth,  and  my  Lord ; 
We  talked  o'er  the  chase,  and  we  toasted  the  health 
Of  the  man  who  ne'er  varied  for  places  or  wealth. 
'Owen  Bray  baulked  a  leap,'  said  Hall  Preston, '  'twas 
odd.' 

*  Twas  shameful ! '  cried  Jack, « by  the  great  living  — .' 
Said  Preston,  '  I  hallooed,  Get  on,  though  you  fall, 

Or  I'll  leap  over  you,  your  blind  gelding  and  all ! ' " 

Owen  must  have  been  a  great  favourite  of  Mo- 
zeen,  for  he  wrote  another  Irish  song  in  comme- 
moration of  the  facetious  Loughlinstown  landlord 
and  his  house,  of  which  I  give  a  few  sample  verses. 
It  is  entitled :  — 

"  AN   INVITATION  TO   OWEN   BRAY5S  AT  LOUGHLINS- 
TOWN. 

"  Are  ye  landed  from  England,  and  sick  of  the  seas, 
Where  ye  rolled  and  ye  tumbled,  all  manner  of  ways? 
To  Loughlinstown  then  without  any  delays, 
For  you'll  never  be  right  till  you  see  Owen  Bray's. 
With  his  Ballen  a  Monaj  Ora, 
Ballen  a  Mona,  Ora, 
Ballen  a  Mona,  Ora, 
A  glass  of  his  claret  for  me. 

"  Fling  leg  over  garron,  ye  lovers  of  sport ; 
Much  joy  is  at  Owen's  though  little  at  court ; 
'Tis  thither  the  lads  of  brisk  mettle  resort, 
For  there  they  are  sure  that  they'll  never  fall  short 
Of  good  claret  and  Ballen  a  Mona, 
Ballen  a  Mona,  Ora, 
Ballen  a  Mona,  Ora, 
The  eighty-fourth  bumper  for  me. 

*  The  days  in  December  are  dirty  and  raw, 
But  when  we're  at  Owen's  we  care  not  a  straw ; 

*  Professor  Goldwin  Smith's  Irish  History  and  Irish 
Character. 

t  "See  especially  the  opening  chapters  of  Barricgton's 


We  bury  the  trades  of  religion  and  law, 
And  the  ice  in  our  hearts  we  presently  thaw, 

With  good  claret  and  Ballen  a  Mona, 
Balleu  a  Mona,  Ora, 
Ballen  a  Mona,  Ora, 
The  quick-moving  bottle  for  nie." 

Mozeen  wrote  yet  another  Irish  song  in  honour 
of  Squire  Adair  of  Kilternan.  No  where  could 
there  be  a  better  illustration  of  a  man's  character 
and  household  than  in  its  lines,  a  few  of  which  I 
transcribe.  It  is  entitled  — 

"TIME  TOOK   BY  THE  FORELOCK  AT  KILTERNAN, 
THE  SEAT  OF  JOHN  ADAIR,  ESQ.,  IN  THE  COUNTY  OF 

DUBLIN. 

«  Tune—  Derry  down. 

"  With  Ruin  fatigued,  and  grown  quite  melancholic, 
I'll  sing  you  how  old  daddy  Time  took  a  frolic, 
By  the  help  of  good  claret  to  dissipate  cares, 
The  spot  was  Kilternan,  the  house  was  Adair's. 

"  Not  used  to  the  sight  of  the  soberer  race, 
With  the  door  in  her  hand,  the  maid  laughed  in  his 

face; 

For  she  thought  by  his  figure  he  might  be  at  best 
Some  plodding  mechanic,  or  prig  of  a  priest. 

"  But  soon  as  he  said  that  he  came  for  a  glass, 
Without  further  reserve,  she  replied  he  might  pass ; 
Yet  mocked  his  bald  pate  as  he  tottered  along, 
And  despised  him  as  moderns  despise  an  old  song. 

"  Jack  Adair  was  at  table  with  six  of  his  friends, 
Who,  for  making  him  drunk,  he  was  making  amends ; 
Time  hoped  at  his  presence  none  there  were  affronted : 
'  Sit  down,  boy,'  says  Jack,  *  and  prepare  to  be  hunted.' 

"  They  drank  hand  to  fist  for  six  bottles  and  more, 
Till  down  tumbled  Time  and  began  for  to  snore ; 
Five  gallons  of  claret  they  poured  on  his  head, 
And  were  going  to  take  the  old  soaker  to  bed. 

"  But  Jack,  who's  possessed  of  a  pretty  estate — 
And  would  to  the  Lord  it  was  ten  times  as  great ! — 
Thought,  aptly  enough,  that  if  Time  did  not  wake, 
He  might  lose  all  he  had  by  the  world's  turning  back. 

"  So  twitching  his  forelock,  Time  opened  his  eyes, 
And,  staggering,  stared  with  a  deal  of  surprise  j 
Quoth  he, '  I  must  mow  down  ten  millions  of  men ; 
But,  e'er  you  drink  thrice,  I'll  be  with  you  again ! '  " 

The  first  two  lines  of  the  last  verse  are  unpre- 
sentable, but  the  song  concludes  with  Time  shak- 
ing his  host  by  the  hand,  and  saying :  — 

" '  Go  on  with  your  bumpers,  your  beef,  and  good  cheer, 
And  the  darling  of  Time  shall  be  Johnny  Adair ! " 

The  three  songs  from  which  I  have  given-  these 
extracts  are  all  in  Mozeen's  Collection  of  Miscel- 
laneous Essays,  and  there  are  other  poems  in  the 
same  collection  showing  that  the  author  was  well 
acquainted  with  the  neighbourhood,  and  could 
readily  suit  the  character  of  his  verses  to  the  cha- 


504 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3«*  S.  V.  JUNK  18,  '64. 


racter  of  the  persons  for  whom  they  were  com- 
posed.    These  are :  — 

"A  Description  of  Altidore,  a  Seat  in  the  County  of 
Wicklow." 

"  Verses  wrote  in  the  Gardens  of  Brackenstown,  a  Seat 
of  Lord  Molesworth's,  near  Dublin." 

"  An  Invitation  to  Dr.  Le  Hunt's  Branenstown,  a  Seat 
in  the  County  of  Dublin." 

Besides  the  above-mentioned  works,  Mozeen 
wrote  an  unsuccessful  farce  entitled  The  Heiress, 
or,  the  Antigallican ;  a  collection  of  Fables  in  Verse 
(2  vols.  1765)  ;  and  Young  Scarron  (1752).  The 
last  is  an  amusing  account  of  the  adventures  of  a 
company  of  strolling  actors,  evidently  founded  on 
Le  Romant  Comique  of  the  celebrated  French  wit 
Paul  Scarron. 

Some  confusion  has  arisen  through  Mozeen,  in 
one  of  the  earlier  editions  of  the  Biographia  Dra- 
matica,  having  been  erroneously  styled  William, 
but  there  can  be  no  doubt  whatever  that  his 
Christian  name  was  Thomas.  He  died  on  March 
28,  1768  ;  and  one  is  tempted  to  exclaim  with 
Hamlet,  not  exultingly,  but  in  a  moralising  mood, 
considering  the  favour  to  which  we  also  must 
come :  — 

"Where  be  your  gibes  now?  Your  gambols?  your 
songs?  your  flashes  of  merriment,  that  were  wont  to  set 
the  table  on  a  roar?  " 

WILLIAM  PINKEBTON. 


Your  correspondent  in  "  N".  &  Q,"  3rd  S.  v. 
348,  in  referring  to  the  ballad  of  "  The  Kilrud- 
dery  Hunt,"  quotes  as  follows  :  — 

"  We  had  the  Loughlinstown  landlord,  and  bold  Owen 

from  Bray, 
And  brave  John  Adair  he  was  with  us  that  day ;  " 

and  appended  is  a  note.   "Who  was  the  land- 
lord?* 

The  text  is  more  correctly  given  in  an  old  and 
well-authenticated  copy  now  before  me,  thus  — 
"  Our  Loughlinstown  landlord,  the  famed  Owen  Bray, 

And  Johnny  Adair,  too,  was  with  us  that  day,"  &cT. 

This  Owen  Bray,  who,  it  appears,  had  acquired 
the  reputation  of  being  a  bold  rider  to  hounds, 
was  well  known  in  the  locality  as  master  of  the 
hotel  or  tavern,  now  an  improved  and  pic- 
turesquely situated  villa  residence,  occupied  by  a 
niece  of  the  late  authoress  Lady  Morgan,  adjoining 
the  village  of  Loughlinstown.  Here  it  was  that 
Johnny  Adair  was  wont  to  entertain  his  friends 
and  companions  in  the  chase  ;  and  subjoined  is  a 
copy  of  a  tavern  bill  from  the  original  in  my  pos- 
session, showing  the  prices  of  certain  commodities 
and  luxuries  in  the  middle  of  the  last  century, 
and  bearing  evidence  that  "  the  famed  Owen 
Bray  "  was  occasionally  called  upon  by  his  guests 
for  temporary  advances  of  a  pecuniary  nature  :  — 


-  0  13    0 
-040 
-008 
-014 

-  0  13    0 
-010 
-182 


-    0 


19 
160 
0  2  S 
020 
003 
020 
026 
033 
0  \  2 


-  0     0 

-  0    0 


-015 
-008 


003 
080 
0  1  4 
008 
050 
003 


«  1759.  John  Adair,  Esq.,  bill. 

4  Feb1".  Six  bottles  of  Claret 

Two  do.  of  Mallaga 

Six  oranges ,     - 

Bottles     -        ... 
11.        Six  bottles  of  Claret 

Bottles     - 

loth.       13  bottles  of  Claret 
2nd  March.    Neck  of  mutton 

12  bottles  of  Claret  - 

Neck  and  breast  of  Lamb 

Bottles     .... 

Monti6asco       - 
2  April.  Rum  p.  Jack    -        -        - 

5  „        Should' of  Muttn      - 
3d  May.  Hind  quarlr  of  Lamb 
30  „        Drams      -        -        - 

16  June.   Dram       - 

17  „        Rum,  &c.  with  Mr  Robinson 
22    „        Loine  of  mutttt 

Rasberry  sametime  - 

Montifiasco       - 
25  July       Four  bottles  of  Lisbon 

Mutton    - 

Bottles     - 
2d  August.  Shouldr  of  Venison  - 

Brandy    - 


7  guineas 
£  guinea  - 
Silver 
Brass 


£15    0    0 

Recd  the  contents  of  the 
above  in  full  this  10th 
day  of  AugS  1759. 

For  Mr.  0.  BRAT. 
THOS.  CROW." 

John  Adair  appears  to  have  been  very  popular 
as  a  thorough-going  sportsman  and  hospitable 
entertainer.  The  following  is  an  extract  from 
his  will  bearing  date  December  16,  1760,  showing 
the  "ruling  passion"  strong  even  in  the  per- 
formance of  a  solemn  act :  — 

"  I  leave  and  bequeath  my  old  Bay  Gelding  to  my 
brother-in-Law  William  Hodson,  upon  condition  that  he 
shall  hunt  him  no  more  than  once  in  each  week  during 
the  hunting  season,  and  that  he  feeds  him  constantly 
three  times  a-day  with  oats." 

John  was  eldest  son  of  Robert  Adair  of  Glen- 
cormuck,  now  Hollybrooke  (the  Robin  Adair  of 
the  song,  who  died  in  1737.)  He  resided  at 
Kilternan,  and  possessed  some  landed  property 
in  the  county  of  Longford.  GEORGE  HODSON. 


THE  STORM  OF  1703. 

(3rd  S.  iii.  168,  197,  273,  319.) 

J.  H.  G.  appears  not  to  have  known  that  the 

book  in  his  possession  was  written  by  Defoe.     He 

says  the  volume  contains  a  manuscript  note  about 

amusement  and  mockery  of  the  event  in  a  theatre 

at  that  time.     Perhaps  I  can  find  him  a  key  to 


3'd  S.  V.  JUNE  18,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


505 


this    manuscript.      I    have    a    work,    not    very 
common :  — 

"The  City  Rembrancer;  being  Historical  Narratives 
of  the  Great  Plague  at  London,  1665 ;  Great  Fire,  1666 ; 
and  Great  Storm,  1703,"  &c.,  &c.  2  Vols.  8vo.  London, 
1749. 

A  very  considerable  part  of  what  is  related  of 
the  Plague,  and  nearly  all  about  the  storm,  is 
taken  from  Defoe's  two  works  on  those  subjects. 
The  "Account  of  the  Storm  in  1703"  is  in 
vol.  ii.,  and  extends  from  p.  43  to  p.  187.  The 
last  two  paragraphs  are  as  follow  :  — 

"  It  is  ungrateful  to  relate,  and  horrible  to  read,  that 
there  were  wretches  abandoned  enough  to  pass  over  this 
dreadful  storm  with  banter,  scoffing,  and  contempt. 

"  A  few  days  after  the  Great  Storm,  the  players  were 
imprudent  enough  to  entertain  their  audiences  with 
ridiculous  representations  of  what  had  filled  the  whole 
nation  with  such  horror,  in  the  plays  of  Macbeth  and  The 
Tempest." 

On  the  margin  pf  the  latter  of  these  paragraphs 
is  a  printed  note  :  "Immorality  of  the  stage,  p.  5." 

Your  subsequent  correspondents  on  this  sub- 
ject, especially  X.  A.  X.,  furnish  some  literary 
references  to  the  catastrophe.  I  beg  to  contribute 
towards  the  same  object  the  title  of  a  most  singu- 
lar and  long-winded  sermon ;  which,  with  its 
copious  notes  —  in  Hebrew,  Greek,  Latin,  and 
English — occupies  no  less  than  123  closely-printed 
quarto  pages :  — 

"  A  Warning  from  the  Winds.  A  Sermon  preach'd 
upon  Wednesday,  January  xix,  170|.  Being  the  Day  of 
Public  Humiliation,  for  the  late  Terrible,  and  Awak'ning 
Storm  of  Wind,  Sent  in  Great  Rebuke  upon  this  King- 
dom. November  xxvi,  xxvii,  1703.  And  now  set  forth 
in  some  Ground  of  it,  to  have  been  inflicted  as  a  Punish- 
ment of  that  General  Contempt,  in  England  under  Gospel- 
Light,  cast  upon  the  Work  of  the  Holy  Ghost,  the  Third 
Person  in  the  Blessed  Trinity,  as  to  His  Divine  Breath- 
ings upon  the  Souls  of  Men :  Opened  and  Argued  from 
John  ILL  viii.  To  which  is  Subnected  a  Laborious  Exer- 
citation  upon  Eph.  ii.  2.  about  the  Airy  Oracles,  Sibyl- 
Prophetesses,  Idolatry,  and  Sacrifices  of  the  Elder  Pagan 
Times,  under  the  Influence  of  the  God  of  this  World,  ac- 
cording to  the  Course  of  it,  and  as  now  differently  working 
in  the  Children  of  Disobedience ;  to  Defend  this  Text 
against  the  common  Mistake,  that  the  Winds  are  raised 
by  Satan,  under  the  Divine  Permission.  By  Joseph 
Hussey,  Pastor  of  the  Congregational  Church  at  Cam- 
bridge ;  yet  Publisher  of  the  Truth  of  God's  Word,  as  he 
hath  an  Opportunity  to  do  Good  to  All.  And  commanded 
so  to  do,  Gal.  vi.  10,  Hos.  vi.  5 :  « Therefore  have  I  hewed 
them  by  the  Prophets ;  I  have  slain  them  by  the  words 
of  my  mouth.'  London :  Printed  for  William  and  Joseph 
Marshall,  and  sold  by  them  at  the  Bible  in  Newgate 
Street,  MDCCIV." 

I  have  copied  this  in  full,  because  it  is  so  briefly 
mentioned  in  Lowndes  as  to  give  no  idea  of  the 
object  and  peculiarities  of  the  work.  W.  LEE. 


ALBINI  BRITO. 
(3rd  S.  v.382.) 

If  D.  P.  will  lend  his  assistance,  I  am  in  hopes 
that  something  may  be  done  for  the  pedigree  of 
Albini  Brito. 

I  was  at  one  time  under  the  impression  that 
Robert  de  Todeni,  on  whom  the  Conqueror  be- 
stowed the  Lordship  of  Belvoir,  was  probably  a 
son  of  Roger  de  Toeni,  the  standard-bearer  of 
Normandy.  In  point  of  fact,  Roger  de  Toeni  had 
a  son  Robert ;  but  he  was  the  progenitor  of  the 
house  of  Stafford  (see  Dugdale's  Baronage,  vol.  i. 
p.  156),  and  altogether  a  different  person  from 
the  Lord  of  Belvoir, — probably  of  a  different 
family.  And  the  question  is  thus  raised :  Who 
were  the  ancestors  of  Robert  de  Todeni,  Lord  of 
Belvoir  ? 

The  next  question  that  presents  itself  is :  How 
came  the  son  of  Robert  de  Todeni  to  assume  the 
name  of  Albini  f 

The  explanation  hazarded  by  Banks  appears  to 
me  to  be  altogether  inadmissible.  I  think  I  may 
take  upon  myself  to  state,  that  neither  William  de 
Albini  I.,  nor  any  of  his  descendants,  are  ever 
styled  de  Albany  in  any  contemporaneous  record. 
The  name  was  sometimes  so  written  by  careless 
scribes  of  a  later  age ;  but  the  same  thing  hap- 
pened also  to  the  descendants  of  William  de 
Albini  Pincerna,  who  certainly  had  nothing  to  do 
with  the  Abbey  of  St.  Alban's. 

Upon  this  point  I  beg  leave  to  refer  to  a  sug- 
gestion of  mine,  thrown  out  in  a  former  contribu- 
tion (2nd  S.  xii.  111—113),  that  William  de  Albini 
Brito  was  the  collateral  representative  of  some 
Breton  family.  This  supposition  appears  to  de- 
rive weight  from  the  circumstance — mentioned 
by  Dugdale  (Baronage,  vol.  i.  p.  113,)  on  the 
authority  of  Matthew  Paris— that,  in  the  battle 
of  Tinchebray,  this  William  de  Albini  Brito  com- 
manded the  horse  of  Brittany. 

Who  was  Robert  de  Todeni's  wife  ?  All  that 
we  learn  of  her  from  Dugdale,  is,  that  her  name  was 
Adela.  Was  she  the  heiress  of  a  Breton  family, 
bearing  the  title  of  Aubigny  ?  If  this  could  be 
made  out,  the  difficulty  would  be  cleared  up. 

I  now  come  to  the  point  that  D.  P.  has  more 
particularly  in  view  :  What  were  the  arms  borne 
by  Robert  de  Todeni  and  his  descendants  ? 

In  the  first  place  it  is  worthy  of  remark  that, 
besides  William  de  Albini,  who  succeeded  him  in 
the  Lordship  of  Belvoir,  Robert  de  Todeni  had 
three  younger  sons — Beringar,  Geffrey,  and  Ro- 
bert; and  it  would  be  interesting  to  ascertain 
what  was  the  surname  of  these  vounger  members 
of  the  family,  and  what  were  their  arms. 

But  to  revert  to  the  main  line  : — D.  P.  repre- 
sents the  arms  of  Albini  to  have  been :  Argent, 
two  chevrons,  and  a  bordure  gules.  I  cannot  but 
think  that  there  must  be  some  mistake  in  this  : 


506 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


V.  JUNE  18,  '64. 


for,  on  the  tomb  of  Robert  de  Roos,  who  married 
Isabella  de  Albini,  the  arms  of  Albini  are  (accord- 
ing to  Collins's  Peerage,  1812,  vol.  vi.  p.  487)  : 
Argent,  two  chevronels  azure. 

The  numerous  family  of  Daubeny,  claiming 
descent  from  William  de  Albini  Brito  through  his 
second  son  Ralph  de  Albini,  bear  a  coat  alto- 
gether different  from  this,  viz.  Gules,  four  fusils 
conjoined  in  fess  argent.  These  were,  I  believe, 
the  arms  borne  by  Daubeney,  Earl  of  Bridge- 
water,  who  belonged  to  this  branch  of  the  family ; 
and  they  were  certainly  borne  as  early  as  1219  by 
Philip  de  Albini,  son  of  the  Ralph  above  men- 
tioned. If  the  two  branches  of  the  Albini  family, 
both  descended  from  William  de  Albini  Brito, 
really  bore  arms  so  essentially  dissimilar,  it  would 
be  a  matter  of  some  interest  to  inquire  how  this 
happened  ? 

I  may  here  observe,  en  passant,  that  the  arms 
above  attributed  to  the  younger  branch  of  the 
Albini  family  are  the  same  as  those  of  De  Carteret, 
and  but  little  different  from  those  of  Cheney  de 
Broke — a  family  now  represented  by  Lord  Wil- 
loughby  de  Broke. 

With  respect  to  the  shield  in  the  window  at 
Haddon  Hall,  from  the  order  in  which  the  three 
first  quarterings  follow  one  another,  I  think  there 
can  be  little  doubt  that  the  several  coats  were 
marshalled  according  to  the  system  now  in  use. 
I  should  certainly  expect  that  the  arms  that  come 
next — unless  perhaps  Valoines  were  interposed — 
would  be  Trusbut,  followed  probably  by  Peverel 
and  Harcourt ;  and  I  am  surprised  not  to  find  in 
the  last  quartering  the  arms  of  St.  Leger,  viz. 
Azure,  a  fret  argent,  a  chief  or.  It  is,  however, 
not  easy  to  submit  the  shield  to  any  very  satisfac- 
tory scrutiny,  without  fuller  information  than  is 
before  us;  and  I  therefore  beg  to  express  the 
hope  that  D.  P.  will  have  the  kindness  to  furnish 
the  readers  of  "  N".  &  Q."  with  an  enumeration  of 
all  the  quarterings  :  adding,  where  known,  the 
names  of  the  families  that  they  belonged  to. 

P.  S.  CAREY. 


"  MEDITATIONS  ON  DEATH  AND  ETERNITY." 

(3rd  S.  v.  400.) 

Of  the  real  nature  of  the  Stunden  der  Andacht, 
and  of  Zschokke's  avowed  purpose  in  writing  it, 
your  correspondent  (Mil.  MACRAY)  cannot,  I  am 
sure,  be  cognizant,  or  he  would  not  have  misled 
your  readers  by  representing  it  as  a  religious 
work,  a  delusion  which  many  of  the  purchasers  of 
the  above  translation  have  discovered  to  their  cost. 
Correctly  described  in  the  last  edition  of  the  En- 
cyclopaedia Britannica  as  "  one  of  the  most  com- 
plete expositions  of  modern  Rationalism,"  so  noto- 
rious is  its  infidel  character  throughout  Germany 
and  Switzerland,  that  for  thirty  years,  in  conse- 
quence of  the  ferment  it  excited,  Zschokke  did 


not  dare  avow  himself  the  author  ;  and  it  was  not 
till  within  a  few  weeks  of  his  death  that  he  at 
length  ventured  to  disclose  the  secret.  And  this 
is  the  account  which  he  has  himself  given  of  it  in 
another  deistical  work  equally  well  known  in 
in  Germany — his  Selbstschau,  01;  autobiography, 
a  translation  of  which  was  published  some  years 
since  by  Messrs.  Chapman  and  Hall  in  their 
Foreign  Library. 

Avowedly  a  " philosophe,  an  indifferentist,"  the 
"  devotional"  character  of  Zschokke's  work,  which 
he  candidly  confesses  has  "  too  much  common 
sense  in  it  for  those  Christians  who  cannot  be 
contented  with  a  rationalistic  view  of  the  Gospel," 
will  be  at  once  apparent  to  your  readers  from  the 
following  quotation,  one  of  many  similar  passages, 
and  by  no  means  the  worst  or  most  unscriptural,  as 
they  will  find  by  reference  to  the  work  itself :  — 

'  Millions  of  men  have  dwelt  on  the  mysteries  of  the 
future  life  before  thee,  O  mortal !  without  succeeding  in 
solving  them.  For  the  veil  which  the  hand  of  God  has 
drawn  before  that  future  is  impenetrable,  and  no  ponder- 
ings  of  thine  will  enable  thee  to  lift  it  until  God  calls 
thee.  Desist,  therefore,  from  senseless  attempts  to  throw 
light  on  the  nature  of  the  soul  in  eternity,  or  its  local 
habitation  after  leaving  the  body,  or  its  occupations  in 
the  other  world.  Heed  not  either  the  spoken  or  the 
written  words  of  those  who  have  woven  for  themselves  a 
web  of  visionary  delusions  regarding  these  matters  which 
are  hidden  from  human  ken,  and  who,  in  their  foolish 
presumption,  have  sometimes  even  gone  so  far  as  to  at- 
tempt to  prove  the  correctness  of  their  views  from  the 
Hohr  Scriptures.  Alas !  how  can  they  hope  to  penetrate 
the  mysteries  of  eternal  life,  whose  weak  mental  sight 
does  not  even  suffice  to  comprehend  the  wonderful  things 
of  this  world  ?  In  vain  has  human  curiosity  endeavoured 
to  force  open  the  gates  of  eternity  in  order  to  discover 
that  which  lies  beyond.  It  has  never  succeeded.  The 
darkness  in  which  God  has  wrapped  the  land  of  the 
future  remains  impenetrable,  and  of  the  dead,  not  one  has 
yet  come  back  to  unveil  to  inquisitive  man  the  secrets  of 
the  world  of  spirits." — Meditations  on  Death  and  Eternity, 
p.  194. 

More  than  one  member  of  the  episcopal  bench 
having  remonstrated  against  the  publication  of 
this  work  under  the  immediate  patronage  of 
royalty,  it  appears  to  have  been  silently  with- 
drawn from  public  notice,  no  advertisement  re- 
specting it  having  appeared  for  some  months. 

A.  B.  C. 


THE  OLD  CATHEDRAL  OF  BOULOGNE  (3rd  S.  v. 
476.)  —  The  old  cathedral,  it  is  true,  has  disap- 
peared with  the  exception  of  some  small  remains 
in  the  crypt.  But  its  disappearance  dates  a  little 
before  what  we  should  call  "  of  late  years."  In 
the  Histoire  de  Boulogne  -  sur- Mer,  par  Ate 
d'Hauttefeuille  et  Ls  Bernard,  1860,  is  this  passage 
(tomeii.  p.  128)  :  — 

"  La  religion,  une  loi  r&ente  avait  bien  permis  de  con- 
sacrer  de  nouveau  1'Eglise  de  St  Nicolas  a  la  ce'le'bration 
de  ses  mysteres,  mais  bien  d'entraves  s'opposaient  encore 


I 


3*  S.  V.  JUNE  18,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


507 


au  libre  exercise  du  culte,  et  comment  croire  a  cette  re- 
stauration  pretendue,  lorsqu'au  moment  meme  le  sanc- 
tuaire  le  plus  ve'nere  de  nos  peres,  la  cathedrale,  s'e'crou- 
lait  sous  le  marteau  des  de'molisseurs !  Vendue  h  1'encan 
le  3  thermidor  an.  vi.  (21  Juillet  1798),  &  Arras  pour  la 
somme  de  510,500  francs  &  quelques  membres  de  la  bande 
noire,  ce  noble  monument  ne  pre'senta  plus  bientot  qu'un 
triste  amas  de  decombres." 

But  I  am  glad  to  be  able  to  say  that  MR. 
LONGUEVILLE  JONES  is  not  right  in  his  belief  that 
"  no  view  of  the  old  cathedral  of  Boulogne  is  known 
to  exist  in  France."  I  spent  February,  1863,  in 
Boulogne.  In  an  old  book  shop  I  saw  frequently 
an  engraving  of  the  cathedral — only  one.  It  was, 
as  far  as  I  recollect,  of  small  folio  size,  the  engrav- 
ing being  placed  lengthways  on  the  paper.  It 
was  an  old  engraving,  possibly  a  hundred  years 
old ;  not  very  good,  but  giving  the  detail  of  the 
form  of  the  cathedral  with  precision.  I  was  very 
near  buying  it,  but  thinking  the  price  asked  too 
high,  I  left  Boulogne  without  it.  I  now  regret  that 
I  did  not  take  it  to  the  accomplished  Archiviste 
the  Abbe  Haignere.  But  I  am  not  without  hope 
of  getting  it  still.  D.  P. 

Stuarts  Lodge,  Malvern  Wells.  • 

HOGARTH  (3rd  S.  v.  418.)  — SIGMA-THETA  is 
is  hardly  correct  in  stating  that  this  name  is 
"  spelt  Hogard  invariably  at  the  beginning  of  the 
eighteenth  century."  The  old  poet  of  Troutbeck 
(uncle  to  the  painter),  who  died  in  1709,  always 
spelt  his  name  Hoggart^  as  it  is  still  pronounced 
in  his  locality.  The  painter's  father  softened  it 
down  to  Hogarth,  after  he  settled  in  London  as  a 
teacher.  In  a  MS.  collection  of  his  own  and 
other  poetry  left  by  Thomas  Hoggart,  from  which 
I  made  many  extracts  published  in  the  Kendal 
Mercury,  and  subsequently  by  the  editor  of  that 
paper  in  a  small  volume,  I  found  the  following 
anagrarnmut ical  reference  to  his  patronymic :  — 

"  A  Hog,  a  Heard,  a  Haire,  a  Hart's  delight, 
Smile  in  his  name  that  did  these  fancies  write. 

"  THOS.  HOGGART." 

The  more  modern  orthography  of  Hogarth  is, 
probably,  more  in  accordance  with  its  etymology ; 
which,  as  I  think,  may  be  found  in  two  north- 
country  words  :  hog,  a  year- old  sheep ;  and  garth, 
a  yard,  or  other  small  enclosure.  The  latter  oc- 
curs in  hemp-garth,  stack-garth,  calf-garth,  &c. ; 
and  the  former  in  hog-garth,  which  is  simply  the 
hog-garth  roofed  in, — and  may  be  seen  commonly 
enough  in  the  outlying  pastures  of  the  Fell-farms : 
the  garth  without  a  roof  having  now  the  common 
name  of  sheep-fold. 

Bailey's  Dictionary  has  two  derivations  of  Ho- 
garth, neither  good. 

The  little  volume  alluded  to,  contains  a  brief 
account  of  the  Troutbeck  Hoggarts ;  and  if  SIGMA- 
THETA  will  favour  me  with  an  address,  I  shall  be 
glad  to  send  him  a  copy  by  post. 

A.  CRAIG  GIBSON. 
Bebington. 


I  suggest  Augaard,  a'common  Norwegian  name, 
of  which  there  is  an  example  over  a  tradesman's 
door  in  Oxford  Street.  R.  C. 

In  the  glossary  appended  to  a  collection  of 
poems,  by  George  Metivier,  Esq.,  in  the  dialect  of 
Norman-French  used  in  Guernsey,  entitled  Rimes 
Guernesiaises  par  un  Catelain,  and  published  by 
Simpkin,  Marshall,  &  Co.,  and  E.  Barbet,  Guern- 
sey, I  find  the  following  word  and  definition :  — 

"  Hogard,  ou  Haugard,  s.  m.  Enclos  pres  de  la  maison, 
ou  sont  les  tas  de  ble.  Sue'd.  hostgard,  1'enclos  de  la 
moisson." 

I  do  not  remember  to  have  met  with  Hogard  as 
a  French  surname ;  but  Hocquart,  or  Hocart,  is 
not  uncommon  in  Normandy  and  in  the  Channel 
Islands.  E.  M'C . 

THE  ISLE  OF  AXHOLME  (3rd  S.  v.  434.)  — 
James  Torre,  the  Yorkshire  antiquary  (who  was 
of  Magdalen  College,  Cambridge)  died  1699,  not 
1619. 

It  is  a  singular  circumstance  that  Alexander 
Kilham,  the  founder  of  the  Methodist  New  Con- 
nexion, was  born  in  the  same  town  as  Wesley 
(Epworth).  We  believe  he  is  not  noticed  in  the 
late  Archdeacon  Storehouse's  History.  A  Life 
of  Kilhatn  was  published  a  few  years  since,  but 
we  have  never  been  able  to  meet  with  a  copy. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

James  Torre,  the  Yorkshire  antiquary,  died  in 
1699,  not  1619,  as  stated  above.  His  first  wife, 
Elizabeth  Lincolne,  was  a  native  of  this  county, 
though  not  of  the  Isle  of  Axholme.  She  was  the 
youngest  of  the  four  daughters  and  coheiresses 
of  William  Lincolne,  D.D.,  of  Bottesford.  Her 
father  and  mother  are  both  buried  here. 

EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

Bottesford  Manor,  Brigg,  Lincolnshire. 

CASTS  or  SEALS  (3rd  S.  v.  450.)— I  have  used 
both  white  wax  and  gutta  percha  with  great 
success  in  taking  moulds  from  medals,  &c. ;  but 
as  both  require  a  certain  amount  of  heat  to  work 
them  properly,  I  think  it  will  require  much  care 
to  take  impressions  of  seals  from  the  actual  sealing 
wax.  I  should  recommend  plaster  of  Paris  in 
such  a  case,  as  with  that  there  is  no  risk  of 
damaging  the  original  in  taking  the  impression, 
and  nothing  can  be  more  perfect  than  a  plaster 
mould  if  carefully  taken.  What  I  have  done  in 
this  way  has  been  for  the  purpose  of  electrotjping, 
and  as  they  have  been  taken  from  metal  originals, 
I  have  employed  generally  white  wax.  Gum 
Arabic  requires  some  practise  to  manipulate  pro- 
perly, and  is  liable  to  an  indefinite  amount  of 
contraction  in  hardening  to  the  required  consist- 
ency, which  is  productive  of  much  inconvenience, 
besides  the  slowness  of  the  process.  T.  B. 

CHAIGNBAU  (3rd  S.  v.  11,  66.)— William  Chaig- 
neau  was  an  army  agent  in  Dublin.  He  had 


508 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  JUNE  18,  '64. 


served  for  some  years  in  the  army  in  Flanders, 
and  was  generally  known  as  "  Colonel  Chaigneau." 
He  was  the  eldest  surviving  son  of  John  Chaig- 
neau, by  his  wife  Margaretta,  daughter  and  co- 
heir of  Clement  Martyn  and  his  wife  Margaret 
Sanderson.  He  was  born  Jan.  24,  1709 ;  and 
died  Oct.  1,  1781.  He  married  twice,  but  his 
only  child  died  in  childhood.  There  are  many 
notices  of  him  to  be  found  in  the  Memoirs  of  Tate 
Wilkinson,  and  a  long  letter  full  of  family  afflic- 
tions is  printed  at  p.  289. 

Mr.  Chaigneau  was  author  of  a  farce  taken 
from  the  French,  called  Harlequin  Soldier.  His 
niece  (the  daughter  of  his  brother  John,  who  was 
Treasurer  of  the  Ordnance  in  Ireland),  whose  de- 
scendants alone  now  represent  that  branch  of  the 
family,  was  married  to  William  Colvill,  Esq., 
M.P.,  a  Director  of  the  Bank  of  Ireland — an 
office  afterwards  filled  by  their  son,  and  at  present 
by  their  grandson.  John  Chaigneau,  the  father 
of  William,  was  son  by  a  second  marriage  of 
Josias  Chaigneau,  a  Huguenot,  who  settled  in 
Ireland.  Sir  Erasmus  Borrowes  kindly  sent  me, 
some  years  since,  the  following  extract  from  the 
Irish  Chancery  Rolls,  which  he  copied  from  the 
papers  of  the  late  Mr.  J.  F.  Ferguson  :  — 

"  La  famille  de  Chagnauds  de  S*  Savinien.  Le  Sr  Chag- 
naud  de  la  Limanchere ;  Md  Ferron,  son  frere,  orphevre ; 
de  Soeur  femme  du  Sr  Guyon  est  en  Hollande. — Le  Sr 
Josiac  Chagnaud  a  sept  enfans.  II  est  veuf  en  premiere 
noce  de  Jeanne  Jeunede  et  marie  en  seconde  avec  une 
Castin.— Pierre  Chagnaud  dit  Laquinille,  Theodore  dit 
Doron,  tons  deux  garsons. 

"  Fait  &  S*  Jean  Dangely  le  15  Novembre,  1716." 

I  hope  to  send  to  "  K  &  Q.,"  one  of  these  days, 
the  copy  of  a  very  curious  advertisement  of  the 
intended  sale  by  the  government  of  France  of 
some  landed  property  near  St.  Jean  D'Angely, 
belonging  to  "  Daniel  and  Paul  Chaigneau,  Reli- 
gious fugitives."  The  original  is  in  the  possession 
of  Captain  Arthur  Dunn  Chaigneau,  the  sole 
living  representative,  in  the  male  line,  of  the  ori- 
ginal refugee.  I  am  wholly  unable  to  identify 
the  laceman  in  Dame  Street,  of  whom  the  anec- 
dote at  p.  66  is  related,  although  I  have  a  pretty 
extensive  pedigree  of  the  family. 

H.  LOFTUS  TOTTENHAM. 

A  NEW  CHAMPION  or  MAKY,  QUEEN  or  SCOTS 
(3rd  S.  v.  411.)  —  M.  Wiesener's  work  in  defence 
of  Mary,  to  which  M.  GUSTAVE  MASSON  has 
called  the  attention  of  your  readers,  was  noticed 
at  some  length  a  few  months  since  in  the  Paris 
Moniteur  and  the  Independance  Beige— in  both  in- 
stances with  almost  unmixed  approval.  Its  im- 
portance also,  as  opening  up  a  new  phase  of  the 
long-agitated  controversy,  has  been  pointed  out, 
as  might  be  expected,  in  the  Scottish  Guardian 
for  May.  Hitherto  I  believe,  in  this  country,  no 
review  of  the  work  has  appeared  adequate  to  its 
importance;  and  this  silence  regarding  it  arises 


probably  from  an  impression  that  the  question 
bas  been  set  at  rest,  and  that  no  fresh  documents 
are  likely  to  be  brought  to  light  to  alter  the  pre- 
vailing opinion.  It  is  to  be  hoped  that  M.  MAS- 
SON'S  notice  will  attract  the  attention  of  some 
competent  critic  to  the  task  of  submitting  M. 
Wiesener's  elaborate  defence  to  a  thorough  ex- 
amination. In  the  mean  time,  it  may  interest 
some  of  your  readers  to  know  the  judgment  pro- 
nounced on  the  work  by  the  writer  in  the  Moni- 
teury  who  concludes  thus  :  — 

"  Nous  1'avons  dit,  nous  nous  separons  de  1'auteur  de 
cet  excellent  ouvrage  en  quelques-unes  de  ses  appreV.ia- 
tions.  Mais  ce  remarquable  travail  eclaire  d'un  jour  tout 
nouveau  une  grande  partie  de  ce  debat  historique.  II 
apporte  tant  de  preuves  et  tant  de  documents,  il  retablit 
tant  de  faits  quo,  malgre'  les  conclusions  prises  par  un 
illustre  juge  (M.  Mignet),  le  proces  de  Marie  Stuart 
ste  encore  k  reviser." 

J.  MACRAY. 
Oxford. 

HUM  AND  Buz  (3rd  S.  v.  436.)  —  These  words 
(reversed)  are  found  in  the  following  lines,  which 
I  have  seen  attributed  to  Ben  Jonson  ;  but  know 
not  how  truly,  as  I  have  not  the  means  of  refer- 
ence at  hand :  — 

"  Buz,  quoth  the  blue  fly ; 
Hum,  quoth  the  bee ; 
Buz  and  Hum  they  cry, 

And  so  do  we, 

In  his  ear,  his  nose ; 

Thus  do  you  see, 

He  eat  the  dormouse, 

Else  it  was  he." 

Be  the  author  who  he  may,  the  lines  are  old. 
They  were  set  to  music  (as  a  catch  for  four  voices) 
by  Dr.  Arne,  about  the  middle  of  the  last  cen- 
tury; and  I  have  no  doubt  the  phrase  was  in 
ordinary  use,  and  much  in  the  sense  indicated  by 
B.  H.  C.  W.  H.  HUSK. 

THE  CUCKOO  SONG  (3rd  S.  v.  418.)— There  is,  I 
believe,  in  the.  Philosophical  Transactions — but  I 
have  not  the  work  to  refer  to— a  paper  by  Mr. 
Daines  Barrington  on  the  son^s  of  birds  ;  in  which 
he  states  that  the  song  of  the  cuckoo  becomes 
more  flat,  after  incubation,  than  in  the  early 


spring. 


STYLITES. 


CHANGE  OF  FASHION  IN  LADIES'  NAMES  (3rd  S. 
v.  397.)— Your  correspondent,  WM.  DOBSON,  ap- 
pears to  labour  under  a  misapprehension.  There 
has  not  been  so  great  a  change  in  the  fashion  as 
he  imagines.  The  names  he  quotes' were  not 
baptismal,  but  the  familiar  appellations  of  the 
ladies  in  question ;  it  having  been  ^the  fashion  of 
the  last  century  to  use  the  latter  instead  of  the 
former  in  writing  and  print,  as  well  as  in  common 
parlance.  Just  as  it  is  now  the  fashion  for  young 
ladies,  who  have  received  the  baptismal  names  of 
Anne,  Eliza,  Elizabeth,  Caroline,  Charlotte,  Mary, 
Margaret,  Harriet,  Eleanor,  Martha,  &c.,  to  call 
and  subscribe  themselves  Annie,  Lizzie,  Bessie, 


3**S.V.  JUNE  18, '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


509 


Carry,  Lotty,  Pollie,  Maggie,  Hattie,  Nelly,  Mat- 
tie,  &c. :  some  of  such  sobriquets  being  identical 
with  the  names  quoted  by  WM.  DOBSON.  The 
most  curious  instance  of  this  particular  fancy 
which  ever  came  under  my  notice,  was  that  of  a 
young  lady  who  signed  her  Christian  name  "  Cor- 
rie"  ;°  which,  upon  inquiry,  I  discovered  to  be 
intended  as  a  diminutive  of  "  Corbetta." 

W.  H.  HUSK. 

THOMAS  BKNTLET  (3rd  S.  v.  376,  449.)  —  My 
attention  has  been  directed  to  an  inquiry  by  DR. 
RIMBAULT  relative  to  Thomas  Bentley,  the  part- 
ner of  Josiah  Wedgwood.  The  former  is  quite 
correct  in  saying,  that  all  Wedgwood's  biogra- 
phers have  hitherto  set  down  mere  fables  in  re- 
spect to  his  distinguished  partner,  and,  I  may  add, 
even  of  himself.  The  story  as  to  Thomas  Bentley 
being  the  son  of  Richard  Bentley,  the  distin- 
guished critic,  was  first  set  a-going  in  Ward's 
History  of  the  Borough  of  Stoke-upon- Trent;  and 
since  then  every  writer,  too  lazy  to  consult  the 
proper  authorities,  and  ignorant  of  the  true  his- 
tory of  the  men  who  did  so  much  in  the  last 
century  to  inspire  a  taste  for  classical  literature, 
and  to  purify  its  masterpieces  of  the  ignorant 
emendations  and  errors  of  Byzantine  scholiasts 
and  monkish  scribes,  has  repeated  the  hackneyed 
story.  The  more  I  live  the  more  I  am  struck  by 
the  little  pains  ordinary  writers  take  to  verify  their 
statements.  To  get  work  done  seems  the  only 
question. 

Richard  Bentley,  the  critic,  was  born  in  1661. 
He  was  therefore  sixty-nine  years  of  age  when 
Thomas  Bentley,  the  Manchester  warehouseman, 
first  saw  the  light  in  1730.  Richard  Bentley, 
librarian  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  Dean  of 
Ely,  and  one  of  the  finest  scholars  of  his  age,  had, 
as  DR.  RIMBAULT  truly  says,  but  one  son,  named 
Richard  also,  and  whose  children  were,  I  believe, 
all  daughters.  The  critic  came  of  a  Yorkshire 
family.  Wedgwood's  partner  was  a  native  of  Der- 
byshire, and  his  ancestors  had  been  settled  in 
various  villages  on  the  banks  of  the  Dove  for 
generations.  But  it  is  not  for  me  to  pursue  this 
subject  further.  In  my  forthcoming  "Life  of 
Wedgwood"  all  this  will  be  shown  and  much 
more,  and  this  derived  from  original  letters  and 
papers.  Epitaphs  do  not  always  lie.  That  of 

'PL«» T»  _       .1  i  *  * 


%v*     J  **«jv»v»w    uv    vw    lit*  A.  J.  Cll/l  VC    \JL    \JIJC     \Jl 

the  purest  and  most  exalted  friendships  that  ever 
adorned  our  industrial  arts  and  social  history. 

ELIZA  METEIARD. 

Wildwood,  North  End,  Hampstead. 

The  following  facts  may  be  interesting  both  to 
DR.  RIMBAULT  and  MR.  JEWETT,  the  former  of 
whom  seeks  to  know  something  more  of  Bentley  ; 
the  latter  states  that  he  purposes  noticing  him 


in  the  next  Number  of  the  Art  Journal.  I 
three  epitaphs  on  this  accomplished  manj  tran- 
scribed many  years  ago  by  the  late  Dr.  Thomas 
Percival  of  Manchester. 

The  one  in  Chiswick  church  was  communicated 
to  Dr.  P.  by  Mrs.  Bentley,  and  has  the  following 
additions,  which,  though  not  given  by  Lyson's 
(Environs  of  London,  ii.  p.  201,  202),  or  by  DR. 
RIMBAULT,  may  possibly  be  inscribed  on  the 
marble.  His  bust,  Lysons  states,  surmounts  the 
tablet : — 

"  Thomas  Bentley  was  born  at  Scrapton,  in  Derbyshire, 
Jan.  1,  1730,  o.  s.  He  married  Hannah  Gates,  of  Chester- 
field, in  the  year  1754 ;  Mary  Stamford,  of  Derby,  in  the 
year  1772,  whe  survived  to  mourn  his  loss.  He  d'ied  Nov. 
26,  1780."  Mrs.  B.'s  copy  thus  concludes :  — 

"  He  thought  with  the  freedom  of  a  philosopher,  he 
acted  with  the  integrity  of  a  virtuous  citizen.  Friend 
and  partner  of  Josiah  Wedgood,  he  contributed  largely  to 
the  embellishment  and  perfection  of  the  manufacture  of 
which  this  monument  is  composed." 

The  second  epitaph  was  written  by  Mr.  Doming 
Rasbotham,  a  country  gentleman  and  magistrate 
of  talent  and  high  respectability  of  Lancashire. 
The  third,  from  the  pen  of  Dr.  Percival  himself, 
is  written  with  all  the  elegance  which  marked  the 
literary  works  of  that  accomplished  physician.  It 
may  have  appeared  in  print,  but  I  have  not  met 
with  it,  in  any  notice  of  Bentley  or  elsewhere,  ex- 
cept upon  a  pedestal  in  a  gentleman's  Study. 

J.  H.  MARKLAND. 

JEREMIAH  HORROCKS  (3rd  S.  v.  466.)  — The 
circumstance  of  his  entering  the  University  at 
thirteen  years  of  age,  does  not  appear  to  us  im- 
probable. There  are  many  instances  of  persons 
entering  the  University  at  that  age  in  the  seven- 
teenth century.  We  may  mention  the  case  of 
Jeremy  Taylor,  who  was  just  turned  thirteen 
when  admitted  at  Caius  College. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 
Cambridge. 

CHAPERON  (3rd  S.  v.  280,  312,  384,  446.)— Re- 
ceiving "  N.  &  Q."  in  monthly  parts,  I  have  only 
just  seen  the  remarks  of  your  correspondent 
SCHIN.  He  puts  the  question  on  a  new  ground, 
and  I  am  not  prepared  to  say  that  it  is  not  tenable. 
According  to  him,  chaperone,  as  now  used,  does 
not  pretend  to  be  a  French  word  or  a  metaphor. 
It  is  a  mere  English  word,  borrowed  indeed  from 
the  French,  but  spelt  according  to  English  prac- 
tice, and  signifying  in  plain  language  "  a  female 
escort." 

A  similar  instance  of  change  of  pronunciation 
and  spelling  may  be  found  in  the  word  dishabille, 
which  Dr.  Johnson  includes  in  his  Dictionary  as 
an  English  word,  derived  from  the  French  des- 
habille. 

All  I  intended  to  point  out  (unnecessarily  per- 
haps) was,  that  there  was  no  French  word 
chaperone-,  but  that  the  French  spell  the  word 


510 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


rd  S.  V.  JUNE  18,  '64. 


"chaperon,"  whether  they  use  it  simply  for  a 
material  covering  or  for  a  moral  protection. 

The  use  of  the  word  chaperonesse  in  our  lan- 
guage, and  at  so  early  a  date  as  1622,  as  indicated 
by  A.  A.,  is  quite  new  to  me.  STYLITES. 


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Bottle,  and  Stopper. 

ASK  FOB  LEA.  AND  PERBINS'  SAUCE. 

***  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors,  Worcester; 
MESSRS.  CROSSE  and  BLACKWELL,  MESSRS.  BARCLAY  and 
SONS.  London,  &c.,&c.;  and  by  Grocers  and  Oilmen  universally. 


CXXOCOX.AT  —  IKEXTXER. 

(Manufactured  only  in  France.) 

E    HEALTHIEST,    BEST,  and  most  DELI- 

CIOUS  ALIMENT  for  BREAKFAST   KNOWN    SINCE  1825; 
DEFIES  ALL   HONEST   COMPETITION,  UNADULTERATED, 

d  in  i  Ib  Packets. 


IES  ALL   HONEST   COM 
HIGHLY  NUTRITIOUS  and  PURE 


Also,  especially  manufactured  for  eating  as  ordinary  sweetmeats, 
or  at  Dessert:  — 


I  Chocolate  Nougat.       I    Chocolate  Praline". 
s.     |    Chocolate  Pastilles. 


Chocolate  Creams. 

Chocolate  Almonds.   |  Chocolate  Pistaches. 

Chocolate  Croquettes  and  Chocolate  Liqueres  (very  delicate). 

Wholesale,  E.  GUENIN,  119,  Chancery  Lane,  London.    Retail,  by  all 

respectable  houses. 


ADVERTISEMENT.-I  am  collecting  Autographs  and  Portraits  of 
English  Chancellors,  Judges,  Vice-Chancellors,  and  Masters  of  the 
Rolls  ;  and  would  gladly  purchase  or  exchange  the  Autographs  or 
Portraits  of  American  Celebrities  generally  for  ttiem.  I  wish  to  go  far 
back,  as  well  as  secure  late  and  present  ones.  (The  Autographs  espe- 
cially I  want.)  At  foot  are  those  I  have.  Can  any  of  your  obliging 
readers  serve  me?  My  friend,  George  Nelson  Emmet,  Esq.,  of  14, 
Uloomsbury  Square,  would  receive  communications  for  yours,  &c. 

CHARLES  EDWARDS,  Counsellor-at-Law,  New  York. 

Sir  Vicary  Gibbs. 

Sir  Nash  Grose. 

Sir  Robert  Graham. 

Sir  Simon  Le  Blanc. 

Erskine,  Chancellor. 

Justice  John  Heath. 

Sir  William  Henry  Ashhurst. 

Sir  George  Nares. 

Alvanley,  Chancellor. 

Sir  Richard  Perryn. 

Sir  Richard  Aston. 

Sir  Henry  Gould. 

Justice  Lawrence. 

Spencer 'Cowper.  Baron  Parkc. 

'/albot.  Chancellor,  _  St^L.  C.  J. 

Geo.  J.  Turner,  L.  C.  J. 

Sir  John  Campbell. 


Sir  Robert  Raymond. 
Sir  Littleton  Powys. 
Sir  John  Powell. 
Robert  Tracy,  Baron. 
EarlofMacclesfleld. 
Cowper,  Lord  Chancellor. 
Robert  Eyre,  C.  Baron. 


Sir  Francis      _ 
Chas.  Jas.  Pratt. 
Sir  Edmund  Probyn. 
King,  Lord  Chancellor. 
John  Fortesque  Aland. 
Sir  Jeifry  Gilbert. 

encer  Cowper. 

lbot,  Chancellor. 
Justice  Reynolds,  C.  Baron. 
William  Lee,  Ch.  J. 
Sir  William  Chappie. 
Sir  Edward  Clive. 
Sir  Thomas  Denison. 
Sir  Dudley  Rider. 
Martin  Wright,  Baron. 
Sir  Michael  Foster. 
Sir  John  Eardley  Wilmot. 
Lord  Mansfield. 
Bathurst.  Chancellor. 
Justice  Chambre. 
Sir  Francis  Buller. 
Sir  James  Mansneld. 
Sir  Thomas  Sewall. 
Sir  Joseph  Yates. 


Tindall.C.J. 
Cottenham. 
Justice  Coleridge. 
Justice  Patteson. 
Serjeant  Wilde. 
Justice  Burroush. 
Stuart,  Vice-Ch. 
Brougham. 
Denman. 
Lyndhurst. 
Wood,Vioe-Ch. 
Dallas. 


3'd  S.  V.  JUNE  18,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

WESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

fV     AND  METROPOLITAN  COUNTIES  LIFE  ASSURANCE 

AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHIEF  OFFICES  :  3,  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 
77,  KING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


H.E.Bicknell.Esq. 

T.Somers  Cocks,  Esq.,  M.A..J.P. 

Geo.  H.  Drew,  Esq.,  M. A. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere,  Esq. 

Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.H.Goodhart,Esq.,J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A.,M.P. 

Peter  Hood,  Esq. 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  R.  E.Howard,  D.C.L. 


James  Hunt,  Esq. 

John  Leigh,  Esq. 

Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 

F.B.  Marson,  Esq. 

E.  VansittartNeale,  Esq.,M.A. 

Bonamy  Price,  Esq.,M.A. 

Jas.  Lys  Seager,  Esq. 

Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 

John  B.  White,  Esq. 


Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.  A. 
Actuary.— Arthur  Scratchley,  M.  A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society's  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Rates  of  Premium  are  so  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BONUS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  the  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MBDICAI  MEN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for. their  Reports  to  the 

No  CHARGE  MADE  FOR  Policy  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  ANNUITIES 
to  old  lives ,  are  liberal.  

Now  ready,  price  14s. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject!  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees, Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 

OSTEO      EXDOXT. 

Patent.Mareh  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

rtABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH   and 

\JT  SOFT  GUMS,  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at'half 
0..-1.M.  MEgsRS  GABRIELj 

THE   OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 
27,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London; 

134,  Duke  Street, Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
ments, opinions  of  the  press,  testimonials,  &c.,  see  "Gabriel's  Practical 
Treatise  on  the  Teeth/'    Post  Free  on  application. 

American  Mineral  Teeth,  best  in  Europe,  from  4  to  7,  10  and  15 
guineas  per  set,  warranted. 


R.    HOWARD,    SURGEON-DENTIST,    52, 

FLEET-STREET,  has  introduced  an  ENTIRELY  NEW 
IRIPTION  of  ARTIFICIAL  TEETH,  fixed  without  springs, 
wires,  or  ligatures.  They  so  perfectly  resemble  the  natural  teeth  as 
not  to  be  distinguished  from  the  originals  by  the  closest  observer  ;  they 
will  never  change  colour  or  decay,  and  will  be  found  superior  to  any 
teeth  ever  before  used.  This  method  does  not  require  the  extraction  of 
roots,  or  any  painful  operation,  and  will  support  and  preserve  teeth 
that  are  loose,  and  is  guaranteed  to  restore  articulation  and  mastica- 
tion. Decayed  teeth  stopped  and  rendered  sound  and  useful  in  mas- 
tication.-52,  Fleet  Street.  At  Home  from  Ten  till  Five. 

PIESSE    and    LUBIN'S    SWEET    SCENTS.— 

JL  MAGNOLIA,  WHITE  ROSE,  FRANGIPANNI,  GERA- 
NIUM, PAl'CHOULY,  EVER-SWEET,  NEW-MOWN  HAY,  and 
1000  others.  2*.  6d.  each.— 2,  New  Bond  Street,  London. 

SOLLOWAY'S  PILLS.  —WRONGS  MADE  RIGHT. 
Every  day  that  any  bodily  suffering  is  permitted  to  continue 
ers  it  more  certain  to  become  chronic  or  dangerous.    Holloway's 
onfying,  cooling,  and  strengthening  Pills  are  well  adapted  for  any 
irregularity  of  the  human  body,  and  should  be  taken  when  the  stomach 
is  disordered,  the  liver  deranged,  the  kidneys   inactive,  the   bowels 
torpid,  or  the  brain  muddled.    With  this  medicine  every  invalid  can 
cure  himself;  and  those  who  are  weak  and  infirm  through  imperfect 
stion,  may  make  themselves  stout  and  strong  by  liolloway's  excel- 
ling.   A  few  doses  of  them  usually  militate  the  most  painful 
symptoms  caused  by  undigested  food,  from  wliich  they  thoroughly  free 
me. alimentary  canal,  and  completely  restore  its  natural  power  and 


UNIVERSAL  LIFE  ASSURANCE  SOCIETY 
1,  KING  WILLIAM  STREET,  LONDON,  E.C. 

Total  Assurance  issued  ..................  ....£7035833 


Accumulated  Fund  exceeds  . 

Annual  Revenue  exceeds  ..........................     132^000 

PREMIUM  REDUCED  ONE  HALF. 

At  the  THIRTIETH  ANNUAL  MEETING  an  abatement  on  all 
Premiums  upon  participating  policies  was  declared  for  the  current 
year  at  the  rate  of  50  per  cent.,  or  ten  shillings  in  the  pound.  The 
al  Premium  charged  is  upon  the  most  economical  scale,  and 

life 


Age  in 
Policy. 

Sum  Assured, 
llth  May,  1859. 

Original 
Premium. 

Reduced  Premium, 
May,  1864-5. 

20 
30 
40 

4 

1000 
1000 
1000 

S.   s.d. 
19    6    8 
24    8    4 
31  10    0 

£    s.d. 
9  13    4 
12    4    2 
15  15    0 

'  The  Society's  New  Prospectus  may  be  had  on  application.    Town 
and  Country  Agents  required. 

FRED.  HENDRIKS,  Actuary  and  Secretary. 


EBENTURES    at  5,  5i,   and  6   PER  CENT., 

TED.  Subscribed  Capital,  *350,000. 


Duncan  James  Kay,  Esq. 
Stephen  P.  Kennard,  Esq. 
Patrick  F.  Robertson,  Esq. 
Robert  Smith,  Esq. 


±J   CEYLON  COMPANY,  LIMP] 

DIRECTORS. 

Lawford  Aclaud,  Esq.,  Chairman. 
Major-General     Henry    Pelham 

Burn. 

Harry  George  Gordon,  Esq. 
George  Ireland,  Esq. 

MANAGER— C.  J.  Braine,Esq. 

The  Directors  are  prepared  to  issue  Debentures  for  one,  three,  and 
five  years,  at  5, 5J,  and  6  per  cent,  respectively.  They  are  also  prepared 
to  invest  money  or  mortgage  in  Ceylon  and  Mauritius,  either  with  or 
without  the  Guarantee  of  the  Company,  as  may  be  arranged. 

Applications  for  particulars  to  be  made  at  the  Office  of  the  Company, 
No.  12,  Leadenhail  Street,  London,  E.C. 

By  Order,  JOHN  ANDERSON,  Secretary. 


BROWN  AND  POLSON'S 

PATENT     CORN      FLOUR, 
Packets,  8d. 
GUARANTEED  PERFECTLY  PURE, 

is  a  favourite 
DIET  FOR  CHILDREN, 

and  much  approved 
For  PUDDINGS,  CUSTARDS,  &c. 

Pure   Pickles,  Sauces,  Jams,  <Stc. 

And  Table  Delicacies  of  the  highest  quality,  pure  and  wholesome 
See  "  Lancet  "  and  Dr.  Hassall's  Report. 

CROSSE    &    BLACKWELL, 

Purveyors  to  the  Queen, 

SOHO    SQUARE,  LONDON. 

May  be  obtained  from  all  Grocers  and  Oilmen. 

Sold  by  Grocers  and  Druggists. 

FRY'S 

IMPROVED    HOMOEOPATHIC    COCOA. 

Price  1*.  6d.  per  Ib. 
FRY'S     PEARL     COCOA. 

FKY'S  ICELAND  MOSS  COCOA. 
J.  S.  FRY  &  SONS,  Bristol  and  London. 


STARCH  MANUFACTURERS 
TO  H.R.H.  THE  PRINCESS  OF  WALES. 

GLEN  FIELD     PATENT    STARCH, 
Used  in  the  Royal  Laundry, 
And  awarded  the  Prize  Medal,  1862. 
Sold  by  all  Grocers, Chandlers,  &c.,  &c. 

Dinneford's  Pure  Fluid  Magnesia 

Has  been,  during  twenty-five  years,  emphatically  sanctioned  by  the 
Medical  Profession,  and  universally  accepted  by  the  Public,  as  the 
Best  Remedy  for  Acidity  of  the  Stomach,  Heartburn,  Headache,  Gout, 
and  Indigestion,  and  as  a  Mild  Aperient  for  delicate  constitutions, more 
especially  for  Ladies  and  Children.  When  combined  with  the  Acidu- 
lated Lemon  Syrup,  it  forms  an  AGREEABLE  EFFERVESCING  DRAUGHT. 
in  which  its  Aperient  qualities  are  much  increased.  During  Hot 
Seasons,  and  In  Hot  Climates,  the  regular  use  of  this  simple  and  elegant 
remedy  has  been  found  highly  beneficial.  It  is  prepared  (in  a  state 
of  perfect  purity  and  of  uniform  strength)  by  D1WNEFORD  &  CO., 
172,  New  Bond  Street.  London:  and  sold  by  all  respectable  Chemists 
throughout  the  World. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3rd  S.  V.  JUNE  18,  '64. 


SELECTIONS  FROM  BOHN'S  LIBRARIES. 


CHRONICLES 

PUBLISHED  IN  BOHN'S  LIBRARIES. 

Bede's  Ecclesiastical  History,  and 
Anglo-Saxon  Chronicle. 

69. 

Florence  of  Worcester's  Chronicle, 

With  the  Two  Continuations:  comprising  An- 
nals of  English  History  from  the  Departure  of 
the  Romans  to  the  Reign  of  Edward  I.  Trans- 
lated, with  Notes,  by  Thomas  Forrester,  Esq., 
M.A.  5». 

Chronicles  of  the  Crusaders; 

Richard  of  Devizes,  Geoffrey  de  Vinsauf,  Lord 
deJoinville.  Illuminated  Frontispiece,  5s. 

Henry  of   Huntingdon's  History 
of  the  English, 

From  the  Time  of  the  Roman  Invasion  to 
Henry  II.;  with  the  Acts  of  King  Stephen,  &c. 
Translated  and  Edited  by  T.  Forrester,  Esq., 
M.A.  5*. 

Ingulph's  Chronicle  of  the  Abbey 
of  Croyland, 

With  the  Continuations  by  Peter  of  Blois  and 
other  Writers.  Translated,  with  Notes  and  an 
Index,  by  H.  T.  Riley,  B. A.  5s. 

Matthew  Paris' s  Chronicle. 

First  Section:  containing  Roger  of  Wendover's 
Flowers  of  English  History,  from  the  Descent 
of  the  Saxons  to  A.D.  1235.  Translated  by  Dr. 
Giles.  In  2  vols.,  5s.  each. 

Matthew  Paris' s  Chronicle. 

Second  Section:  containing  the  History  of 
England  from  1235  to  1273.  With  Index  to  the 
entire  Work.  In  3  vols.,  5s.  each. 

Matthew  of  Westminster' s  Flowers 
of  History. 

Especially  such  as  relate  to  the  Affairs  of  Bri- 
tain,from  the  Beginning  of  the  World  to  A.D. 
1307.  Translated  by  C.  D.  Yonge.  In  2  vols. 
5s.  each. 


Roger    de  Hoveden's    Annals    of 
English  History; 

from  A.D.  732  to  A.D.  1201.  Translated  and 
Edited  by  H.  T.  Riley,  Esq.,  B.A.  In  2  vols. 
5s.  each. 

Six  Old  English  Chronicles, 

viz..  Asser's  Life  of  Alfred,  and  the  Chronicles 
of  Ethelwerd,  Gildas,  Nennius,  Geoffrey  of 
Monmouth,  and  Richard  of  Cirencester.  5s. 

William  of  Malmesbury's  Chron- 
icle of  the  Kings  of  England. 

Translated  by  Sharpe.    5s. 


HISTORICAL  MEMOIRS. 

PUBLISHED    IN     BOHN'S    LIBRARIES. 
Cheaper  Edition,  in  4  Vols.,  5s.  each. 

Evelyn's  Diary  &  Correspondence, 

With  the  Private  Correspondence  of  Charles  I., 
and  others  during  the  Civil  War.  New  Edi- 
tion, revised  and  considerably  enlarged,  from 
the  original  papers.  Now  first  Illustrated  with 
numerous  Portraits  and  Plates  engraved  on 

8  "  No  change  of  fashion,  no  alteration  of  taste, 
no  revolution  of  science  have  impaired,  or  can 
impair,  the  celebrity  cf  Evelyn.  His  name  is 
fresh  in  the  land,  and  his  reputation,  like  the 
trees  of  an  Indian  Paradise,  exists,  and  will 
continue  to  exist  in  full  strength  and  beauty, 
uninjured  by  time." 

Quarterly  Review  (Southey.) 

Cheaper  Edition,  in  4  Vols.,  5s.  each. 

Pepys'  Diary  and  Correspondence. 

Edited  by  Lord  Braybrooke.  New  and  Im- 
proved Edition,  with  important  Additions,  in- 
cluding numerous  letters.  Illustrated  with 
many  Portraits. 

With  Portrait  of  Massaniello,  3s.  6d. 

The  Carafas  of  Maddaloni ; 

And  NAPLES, under  SPANISH  DOMINION. 
Translated  from  the  German  of  Alfred  De 
Reumont. 

In  3  Vols.,  with  Portraits  of  the  Duke,  Duchess, 
and  Prince  Eugene,  3s.  6d.  each. 

Coxe's  Memoirs  of  the  Duke  of 
Marlborough. 

***  An  Atlas  to  the  above,  containing  26  fine 
large  Maps  and  Plans  of  Marlborough's  Cam- 
paigns, including:  all  those  published  in  the  ori- 
ginal edition  at  12?.  12s.,  may  now  be  had  in  one 
volume,  4to,  for  10s.  6d. 

In  4  Vols.,  3s.  6d.  each, 

Coxe's  History  of  the    House  of 
Austria, 

From  the  Foundation  of  the  Monarchy  to  the 
Death  of  Leopold  II.,  1218-1792  ;  with  con- 
tinuation to  the  present  time.  New  Edition, 
including  the  celebrated  work,  Genesis,  and  the 
Trial  of  Latour's  Murderers.  Portraits  of  Max- 
imilian, Rhodolph,  Maria  Theresa,  and  the 
reigning  Emperor. 

In  4  Vols.,  price  3s.  6d.  each, 

Washington   Irving' s  Life   of 
Washington, 

Authorised  Edition  (uniform  with  the  Works.) 
Fine  Portrait,  &c. 

With  Portrait  of  Kossuth,  3s.  6d. 

Hungary ;  its  History  and  Eevo- 
lutions. 

With  a  copious  Memoir  of  Kossuth,  from  new 
and  authentic  sources. 

With  Portrait,  3s.  6d. 

Memoirs  of  Colonel  Hutchinson. 

By  his  Widow  Lucy.  With  an  Account  of  the 
Siege  of  Latham  House. 

In  4  Vols.,  3s.  fof.  each', 

Memoirs  of  the  Duke  of  Sully, 

Prime  Minister  to  Henry  the  Great. 

New  Edition,  with  Additional  Notes,  and  an 

Historical  Introduction.    By  Sir  Walter  Scott. 

Illustrated  with  Twelve  Fine  Portraits,  5s. 

Nugent' s  (Lord)  Memorials  of 
Hampden,  his  Party,  and  Times. 

Fourth  Edition,  revised,  with  a  Memoir  of  the 
Author,  and  copious  Index. 


WORKS  ON  GEOLOGY. 


Richardson's  Geology, 

Including  Mineralogy  and  Palaeontology 
vised  and  enlarged  by  Dr.  T.  Wright.  Tr~ 


of  400  Illustrations.    5s. 


Up'war<te 


Dr.  Mantell's  Medals  of  Creation ; 

Or,  First  Lessons  in  Geology  and  the  Study  of 
Organic  Remains  :  including  Geological  Ex- 
cursions. New  Edition,  revised.  Coloured 
Plates,  and  several  hundred  beautiful  Wood- 
cuts. In  2  Vols. ,  7s.  6d.  each. 

Dr.  Mantell's  Geological 
Excursions 

Through  the  Isle  of  Wight  and  Dorsetshire. 
New  Edition,  by  T.  Rupert  Jones,  Esq.  Nume- 
rous beautifully-executed  Woodcuts,  and  a 
Geological  Map.  5s. 

4. 

Dr.  Mantell's  Wonders  of  Geology; 

Or,  a  Familiar  Exposition  of  Geological  Pheno- 
mena. New  Edition,  revised  and  augmented 
by  T.  Rupert  Jones,  F.G.S.  Coloured  Geolo- 
gical Map  of  England.  Plates,  and  upwards  of 
200  beautiful  Woodcuts.  In  2  Vols.,  7s. 6d.  each. 

5. 

Dr.  Mantell's    Petrifactions   and 
their  Teachings. 

Numerous  beautiful  Wood  Engravings.    6s. 


Pye  Smith's  Geology  &  Scripture ; 

Or,  the  Relation  between  the  Holy  Scriptures 
and  some  parts  of  Geological  Science.  New 
Edition,  with  Life.  5s. 


THE    BRIDGEWATER 
TREATISES. 


Kirby,  on  the  Habits  and  Instincts 
of  Animals. 

Edited,  with  Notes,  by  T.  Rymer  Jones.  Nu- 
merous Engravings,  many  of  which  are  addi- 
tional. In  2  Vols.,  5s.  each. 

2. 

Kidd  on  the  Adaptation  of  Ex- 
ternal Nature  to  the  Physical 
Condition  of  Man. 

3s.  6d. 
3. 

Whewell's  Astronomy  and  General 
Physics, 

Considered  with  reference  to  Natural  Theology. 
Portrait  of  the  Earl  of  Bridgwater.  3s.  6d. 

Pr out's  Treatise  on  Chemistry, 

Meteorology,  and  the  Function  of  Digestion. 
Fourth  Edition,  Edited  by  Dr.  J.  W.  Grif- 


Chalmers,  on  the  Moral  and  Intel- 
lectual Constitution  of  Man. 

With  Memoir  of  the  Author.    By  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Cumming.    5s. 


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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


511 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JUNE  25,  1864.. 


CONTENTS. —N«.  130. 

NOTES:  —  Colloquialisms  not  always  Vulgarisms,  511  — 
"El  Buscapi6,"  Ac.,  512  —  The  Owl,  Ib.—  Book  Hawkers 
in  India,  513  — Potent  Effects  of  Norwich  Ale  — Broken 
Hearts — "  The  Fatherhood  of  God  "  —  Out-set  or  Out-cept 

—  Glossary  of  Scotch  Words,  513. 

QUERIES :  —  Anonymous  —  George  Buchanan  —  Berkholz 
and  Bantysch-Kamenski  —  "  Caged  Skylark  "  —  Canine 
Suicide  — Drying  Flowers  — Dunkirk  —  English  County 
Newspapers  — Prince  Eugene  of  Savoy  —  Ivan  the  Fourth 

—  Lord  Hopton  —  Middle-passing  —  Morganatic  —  Motto- 
scroll— Old  Prints  — Great  Opportunity  —  Ordination  of 
Early  Methodist  Ministers  by  a  Greek  Bishop  —  Orienta- 
tion :  St.  Peter's  at  Rome  —  Songs  —  Sir  Michael  Stanhope 

—  "Throwing  the  Hatchet"— Daniel  Voster  and  John 
Gough  —  University  Hoods  —  William  Watson,  LL.D.  and 
the  Authorship  of  "  The  Clergyman's  Law,"  514. 

QUERIES  WITH  ANSWERS:  — The  Lord's  Prayer  — James 
Graham  —  Camaca— Mikias  —  Wardrobe  Book  of  Queen 
Isabelle— Anonymous  Works  — Tag,  Rag,  and  Bobtail  — 
Arabella  Fermor,  517. 

REPLIES :  —  Signet  Ring  formerly  attributed  to  Mary, 
Queen  of  Scots,  519  —  Pedigree,  520  — Meaning  of  the 
Word  "  Selah,"  521  —  The  Miss  Hornecks,  Ib.  —  Crancelin  : 
Arms  of  Prince  Albert,  522  —  Model  of  Edinburgh  —  Lady 
Mark  ham  —  Lady  Elizabeth  Spelman— Quotations  wanted 

—  Loyalty  Medals  —  Literary  Plagiarisms,  &c.  —  Lascells — 
Sibber :  Sibber  Sauces  —  Heraldic  Query  —  Septuagint  — 

—  Marrow-Bones  and  Cleavers  —  Doctor  Slop — Mark  of 
Thor's  Hammer  —  Sutton-Coldfleld  —  D'Abrichcourt  Fa- 
mily—"The  Dublin  University  Review"  — Cary  Family 

—  Aristotle's  Politics  —  Succession  through  the  Mother  — 
Misquotations  by  great  Authorities,  &c.,  522. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


ADDRESS. 

We  cannot  bring  to  a  close  the  first  volume  issued  from 
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think  we  may  fairly  boast  that  there  is  now  no  spot 
where  — 

"  they  speak  the  tongue 
That  Shakspeare  spake," 

in  which  NOTES  AND  QUERIES  has  not  its  readers.  It 
shall  be  our  endeavour  therefore  so  to  keep  up  its  in- 
terest, as  to  make  it  week  by  week  the  more  welcome. 


COLLOQUIALISMS  NOT  ALWAYS  VULGARISMS. 

Within  the  last  week  I  have  been  reading 
North's  Lives  of  the  Norths,  and  Wrax all's  Me- 
moirs, together  with  the  contemporaneous  abuse 
of  the  latter  which  appeared  in  the  Edinburgh 
and  Quarterly  Reviews  — -  then  all  potent  in  trie 
realms  of  literature. 

In  the  old  work  (what  a  delightful  work  it  is  !) 
I  was  particularly  struck  with  the  number  of 
colloquial  expressions  which  the  multitude  con- 
sider to  be  slang  and  vulgarisms  of  the  present 


day ;  while,  from  the  modern  work,  I  find  a  great 
critic  (still  happily  alive)  extracting  phrases  for 
scarification  in  1815,  which  the  greatest  jurist  of 
1864  would  hardly  hesitate  to  employ  in  writing. 
I  was  thus  led  to  reflect  on  the  light  in  which  our 
sons  may  possibly  view  the  comments  which  have 
been  passed  on  the  unhappy  (as  it  appears  to  us) 
title  of  Mr.  Dickens'  latest  work ;  and  I  took  up 
the  subject  the  more  naturally,  as  some  three 
years  ago  I  myself  sent  "  N.  &  Q."  a  paper  on 
this  very  phrase,  which  perhaps  never  reached 
Fleet  Street,  as  it  was  not  published,  and  no  men- 
tion of  it  appeared  in  the  "Notices  to  Correspond- 
ents." 

From  Roger  North's  Lives  :  — 

"  This  was  nuts  to  the  old  lord."— i.  39. 

"  The  judge  held  them  to  it,  and  they  were  choused  of 
the  treble  value."— i.  90. 

"  1  never  saw  him  in  a  condition  they  call  overtaken" 
i.  93. 

"  Mr.  Noy,  and  all  the  cock-lawyers  of  the  west."— i. 
235. 

"  It  was  well  for  us  that  we  were  known  there,  or  to 
pot  we  had  gone" — i.  241. 

"  They  must  have  known  his  Lordship  better,  and  not 
have  ventured  such  flams  at  him." — i.  368. 

"  He  took  a  turn  or  two  in  his  dining  room,  and  said 
nothing,  by  which  I  perceived  that  his  spirits  were  very 
much  roiled." — i.  415. 

The  above  speak  for  themselves.  It  will  be 
seen  that  they  are  all  selected  from  the  first  of 
Roger  North's  three  volumes ;  but  the  other  two 
would  afford  equally  numerous  specimens.  I  now 
proceed  to  cull  a  few  of  the  Wraxallian  expres- 
sions, which  the  Edinburgh  Reviewer  of  June, 
1815,  characterises  as  examples  of  "  Gallicisms, 
Scotticisms,  Hibernicisms,  barbarisms,  vulgarisms, 
and  bad  English." 

From  Wraxall's  Memoirs.  The  italics  are  the 
Reviewer's :  — 

"Catharine propelled  the  other  powers." 

"  Futurity  will  show." 

"  Vast  abilities." 

"  Baited,  harassed,  and  worried,  as  Lord  North  was." 

"  Compete  with  Necker." 

"  Lord  North  alone  could  compete  with  Burke." 

"  Elevated  in  the  trammels." 

'•The  vast  energies  thus  collected  on  the  Opposition 
benches." 

"  To  commemorate  an  anecdote." 

"  To  meet  their  wishes." 

"  Challenges  respect." 

"  Mark  of  devotion." 

"  Functionaries" 

"  Imperturbable  temper" 

«  A  vital  defect." 

Surely  Sir  Nathaniel  receives  hard  measure 
here  on  the  score  of  his  language,  and  harder  isms 
still  were  dealt  out  to  him  with  regard  to  his  facts. 
I  have  my  own  doubts  as  to  the  justice  of  much 


512 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


V.  JUNE  25,  '64. 


of  this.  Many  of  his  most  obnoxious  statements 
have  since  received  confirmation  from  unexpected 
quarters;  and  those,  who  have  been  loudest  in 
abuse  of  him,  have  had  no  hesitation  in  bor- 
rowing from  his  pages.  I  only  wish  that  some 
one  of  the  many  qualified  writers  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
would  take  the  matter  in  hand,  and  tell  us  whether 
he  really  deserved  the  epitaph :  — 

"  Men,  measures,  seasons,  scenes  and  facts  all, 
Misquoting,  mis-stating, 
Misplacing,  misdating, 
Here  lies  Sir  Nathaniel  Wraxall." 

CHITTELDEOOG. 


"EL  BUSCAPIE," 

A    PAMPHLET  SUPPOSED    TO    HAVE   BEEN  WRITTEN   BY 
CERVANTES. 

Many  readers  of  "  N".  &  Q."  will,  no  doubt,  be 
somewhat  surprised  on  being  informed,  that  a  good 
deal  of  controversy  arose  some  years  ago  (1847- 
49)  respecting  the  origin  and  authenticity  of  the 
book  with  the  curious  title  of  El  Buscapie. 

Without  intending,  in  any  way,  to  revive  this 
controversy  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  I  shall  content  myself 
with  giving  a  short  history  of  the  pamphlet ;  and 
first,  as  to  the  meaning  of  the  title  —  Buscapie. 
It  is  a  compound-word,  from  busca,  seek,  and  pie, 
foot ;  signifying  in  Spanish  a  squib  or  cracker, 
which,  when  thrown  down  in  the  streets  by  boys, 
rolls  amongst  the  feet  of  the  passers-by,  and  ex- 
plodes. Cervantes  is  supposed  to  explain  his 
reasons  for  selecting  this  title,  at  the  close  of  the 
work  itself,  in  these  words :  — 

"  I  call  this  little  book  Buscapie,  in  order  to  show  to 
those  who  seek  the  foot  with  which  the  Ingenious  Knight 
of  La  Mancha  limps,  that  he  does  not  limp  with  either ; 
but  that  he  goes  firmly  and  steadily  on  both,  and  is  ready 
to  challenge  the  grumbling  critics  who  buzz  about  like 
wasps." 

In  the  Life  of  Cervantes,  by  Vicente  de  los 
Rios,  prefixed  to  the  splendid  edition  of  Don 
Quixote,  published  by  the  Spanish  Academy  in 
1780,  it  is  stated  that  "when  the  first  Part  of  the 
romance  appeared  in  1605,  the  public  received  it 
with  coldness  and  indifference.  This  circumstance 
gave  such  pain  to  Cervantes,  that  he  wrote  the 
anonymous  pamphlet,  called  the  Squib,  in  which 
he  gave  a  curious  critique  on  his  Don  Quixote ; 
intimating  that  it  was  a  covert  satire  on  various 
well-known  personages,  but  at  the  same  time  not 
giving  his  readers  the  slightest  information  who 
those  persons  really  were.  In  consequence  of  this, 
public  curiosity  was  so  excited,  that  Don  Quixote 
soon  obtained  such  attention  as  was  necessary  to 
ensure  its  complete  success. 

Such  is  the  singular  tradition  connected  with 
Buscapie.  More  particulars  may  be  seen  in  Tick- 
nor's  History  of  Spanish  Literature  (vol.  iii.  ed. 
London,  1849.  Appendix  D.  p.  371,  &c.) 


For  two  centuries,  Spanish  scholars  sought  in 
vain  for  the  work,  either  printed  or  in  manuscript. 
It  was  not  to  be  found  in  the  Biblioteca  Real  at 
Madrid,  nor  amidst  the  literary  treasures  at  Si- 
mancas;  until  at  length,  in  1847,  the  supposed 
MS.  was  discovered  by  Don  Adolfo  de  Castro,  at 
Cadiz,  with  the  following  title-page  :  — 

"El  muy  donoso  Librillo  llamado  — 

BUSCAPIE  ; 
Donde,  demas  de  su  mucho  y  excellente 

Dotrina,  van  declaradas 

Todas  Aquellas  Cosas  escondidas, 

Y  no  Declaradas  en  el  Ingenioso 

Hidalgo— Don  Quijote  de  la  Mancba ; 

Que  Compuso, 
Un  tal  de  Cervantes  Saavedra."  * 

This  book  was  published  the  next  year  (1848), 
at  Cadiz,  in  a  duodecimo  volume,  with  several 
learned  notes,  by  Don  Adolfo.  He  also  added  a 
very  interesting  Preface,  giving  an  account  of 
the  way  in  which  he  discovered  the  MS.  &c.  This 
was  also  translated  into  English  in  1849,  by  Miss 
Thomasina  Ross  (London,  Bentley),  with  a  valu- 
able Preface,  containing  a  Life  of  Cervantes.  She 
believes  the  Buscapie  to  be  genuine ;  but  Ticknor 
and  several  other  Spanish  scholars  consider  the 
evidence  for  its  authenticity,  to  rest  on  very  sus- 
picious and  unsatisfactory  grounds.  J.  D ALTON. 

Norwich. 


THE  OWL. 

As  you  have  been  investigating  the  parricide  of 
Robin-Redbreast,  and  the  spirit-rapping  of  Water- 
Wagtail,  may  I  request,  through  your  learned 
correspondents,  some  information  about  a  strange 
bird  which  has  lately  made  its  appearance  among 
us.  It  is  supposed  to  be  of  the  owl  species,  but 
certainly  no  common  owl,  from  the  pugnacity  it 
shows  against  the  celebrities  in  the  literary  world, 
grossly  insulting  the  whole  press-gang  of  the  me- 
tropolis. The  Thunderer  himself,  the  Times,  has 
had  his  eyes  almost  pecked  out ;  Punch  has  got  a 
bloody  nose ;  in  a  word,  the  whole  gang  have  been 
hooted  at  through  Fleet  Street  and  the  Strand — 
that  respectable  elderly  lady,  the  Herald  of  the 
morn,  as  Mother  Gamp ;  and  the  Economist,  the 
very  picture  of  prudence,  as  a  miserable  little 
Screw.  Such  conduct  is  a  disgrace  to  a  writer 
who  has  assumed  for  his  badge  and  cognisance 
the  bird  that  adorns  the  aegis  of  Pallas  Minerva. 
It  is  no  feather  in  his  cap.  As  a  brother  quill,  I 
blush  for  his  audacity.  Where  could  this  Owl 
have  come  from  ?  The  only  owlery  I  know  of  is 
in  the  keep  of  Arundei  Castle.  From  time  im- 
memorial the  noble  owners  of  this  baronial  castle 

*  The  very  pleasant  little  book  called  the  Squib,  in 
which,  besides  its  much  and  excellent  learning,  are  ex- 
plained all  those  things  -which  are  hidden  in  the  Inge- 
nious Knight,  Don  Quixote  de  la  Mancha,  written  by  u 
certain  Cervantes  De  Saavedra." 


3*  S.  V.  JUNE  25,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


513 


have  kept  up  the  breed  of  Eagle  Owls  in  the 
ruined  tower,  as  in  days  of  chivalry.  The 
birds  are  arranged  in  a  trellised  aviary,  with  a 
noble  name  attached  to  each  cage.  Under  one 
was  Lord  Eldon ;  then  came  Sir  Wm.  Grant,  the 
learned  Master  of  the  Rolls,  and  so  on  in  succes- 
sion. The  most  famous  lawyers  of  the  day  were 
supposed  to  be  sitting  there  with  all  the  gravity 
and  wisdom  characteristic  of  the  high  chancel- 
lors in  England ;  yet  in  this  case  they  were  only 
owls.  But  the  most  curious  thing  I  learnt  from 
visiting  the  owlery  was,  that,  one  morning,  when 
the  late  duke  and  his  duchess  were  at  breakfast, 
the  Keeper  of  the  Tower  craved  an  audience,  as 
he  had  most  important  news  to  communicate. 
Being  admitted  to  the  ducal  presence,  he  said  in 
solemn  tone  suited  to  the  occasion,  "  Please  your 
grace,  Lord  Eldon  has  laid  an  egg !  "  What 
would  have  been  the  wisdom  of  the  owl  from 
that  egg,  had  it  ever  been  hatched,  it  would  be 
now  useless  to  surmise ;  probably  the  issue  would 
have  been  much  the  same  as  is  confidently  ex- 
pected from  the  golden  egg  which  Goosey  Glad- 
stone has  lately  dropped  in  the  rookery  of  St. 
Stephen's  — 

"  Big  with  the  fate  of  empire  and  of  Rome." 

Could  your  learned  correspondents  resolve  for 
me  two  queries  ?  1 .  Is  there  any  other  owlery 
in  England,  except  at  Arundel  ?  or  did  the 
barons  in  mediaeval  times  keep  their  owls  with 
the  hawks  in  a  mews,  as  Charles  II.  did  at  Cha- 
ring Cross,  under  a  grand  falconer,  like  the  Duke 
of  St.  Albans  ?  2nd.  Is  this  strange  bird  about 
which  I  inquire  allied  to  the  owls  of  chivalry ;  or 
is  he  merely  "  a  screech  "  —  the  ill-omened  bird 
that  forebodes  the  fall  of  cabinets?  Alas,  poor 
Pam!- 

«  Who'll  dig  his  grave? 
I,  said  the  Owl ;  with  my  spade  and  shou'l, 
I'll  dig  his  grave." 

QUEEN'S  GABDENS. 


BOOK  HAWKERS  IN  INDIA. 

During  occasional  sojourns  at  St.  Thomas's 
Mount  with  my  old  regiment,  the  Madras  Ar- 
tillery, I  frequently  received  visits  from  native 
book  hawkers ;  who  were  one  of  the  sources  of 
amusement  in  the  cantonments  in  and  not  far  dis- 
tant from  Madras,  and  were  assistants  to  the 
chief  of  the  tribe  Ramasawmy  of  Vepery,  who 
made  a  considerable  sum  of  money  in  the  trade, 
and  possessed  a  large  library  of  miscellaneous 
books.  Having  no  idea  of  the  merits  or  value  of 
books,  and  generally  unable  to  read  English,  these 
book-hawkers  buy  at  random ;  merely  examining 
the  foot  of  the  title-page  for  the  date,  and  the 
last  leaf  in  the  book  for  the  words  "  The  End"  or 
"  Finis,"  --  to  read  which,  and  the  numbers  only, 


they  had  been  educated.  If  they  find  a  book  is 
of  modern  date,  and  the  above  words  at  its  con- 
clusion, they  purchase  it.  The  book  auctions, 
which  so  constantly  take  place  at  Madras,  being 
the  source  of  their  supply.  With  a  collection  of 
two  or  three  hundred  volumes,  tied  up  in  bundles 
and  carried  by  coolies  (native  porters)  on  their 
heads,  they  ply  their  trade :  calling  at  the  bunga- 
lows of  the  civil  and  military  officers,  and  sell  or 
exchange  books  for  others,  folio  for  folio,  quarto 
for  quarto ;  and  so  on,  without  any  knowledge  of 
their  real  value,  but  always  require  some  money 
in  addition.  I  have  bought  very  rare  ancient 
books  from  these  people  at  inconceivably  low 
prices,  although  they  generally  do  not  care  to 
possess  old  books.  A  black-letter  copy  of  Stowe's 
Chronicle  was  once  purchased  from  a  book-hawker 
at  Masulipatam  for  a  few  annas.  I  became  ac- 
quainted with  a  native  bookseller  at  Secunder- 
abad,  who  told  me  in  his  dealings  he  bought  and 
sold  his  books  by  weight,  which  was  his  only 
method  of  estimating  their  value.  A  most  lamen- 
table proof  of  the  little  value  set  upon  books  by 
Europeans  in  the  East.  The  native  bookseller 
last  alluded  to  kept  a  shop  in  the  cantonment 
bazaar,  —  a  shed  twenty  feet  long,  and  seven  feet 
broad,  in  which  was  an  assemblage  of  broken 
musical  instruments,  cracked  crockery,  beer  bot- 
tles, old  hookahs,  rusty  swords,  fowling  pieces, 
and  racket  bats :  all  mingled,  in  the  utmost  con- 
fusion, amongst  books,  plans,  and  pictures.  I 
ransacked  the  shop ;  and,  to  my  joy,  discovered 
the  fine  edition  of  Giraldus  of  Wales,  by  Sir  R.  C. 
Hoare  ;  Bryant's  Ancient  Mythology ;  and  the 
Prophecies  of  Nostradamus.  I  bought  Giraldus 
for  a  rupee  and  a  half.  H.  C. 


POTENT  EFFECTS  OF  NORWICH  ALE.  —  The  fol- 
lowing speech  was  made  by  Master  Johnny  Mar- 
tyn  of  Norwich,  a  wealthy,  honest  fellow,  after  a 
dinner  given  by  William  Mingay,  the  Mayor, 
anno  1561.  It  was  found  in  the  collection  of  Mr. 
Turner  of  Lynn  Regis :  — 

"  Maister  Mayor  of  Norwych,  and  it  please  your 
Worship,  you  have  feasted  us  like  a  King,  God 
bless  the  Queen's  grace!  We  have  fed  plenti- 
fully, and  now  whilom  I  can  speak  plain  English, 
I  heartily  thank  you  Maister  Mayor,  and  so  do 
we  all.  Answer,  boys,  answer  !  Your  beer  is 
pleasant  and  potent,  and  will  soon  catch  us  by 
the  Caput,  and  stop  our  manners.  And  so  Huzza 
for  the  Queen's  Majesty's  Grace,  and  all  her  bonny 
browe'd  Dames  of  Honour !  Huzza  for  Maister 
Mayor,  and  our  good  Dame  Mayoress !  His 
noble  Grace,  there  he  is,  God  save  him  and  all 
this  jolly  company.  To  all  our  friends  round 
country,  who  have  a  penny  in  their  purse,  and  an 
English  heart  in  their  bodys,  to  keep  out  Spanish 
Dons,  and  Papists  with  their  faggots  to  burn  our 


514 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


V.  JUNK  25,  '64. 


whiskers.  Shove  it  about,  twirl  your  cap  cases 
my  boys,  handle  your  jugs,  and  huzza  for  Maiste 
Mayor,  and  his  brethren  their  worships !  " 

JOHN  BULL. 

BROKEN  HEARTS. — A  story— a  canard,  I  hope — 
has  travelled  the  newspapers,  of  an  Irish  settle 
in  California,  who  had  left  his  wife  and  children 
at  home  until  he  could  provide  for  their  voyage  to 
San  Francisco,   when  a  letter  arrived  with  the 
intelligence  of  their  cottage  having  been  burned 
down,    and  themselves  —  all  —  having  perished 
He  turned  pale,  crushed  the  letter  to  his  bosom 
and  dropped  dead.     The  post-mortem  examination 
showed  that  his  heart  was  ruptured. 

Nil  novum  !  In  the  Irish  '98  —  that  disastrous 
pendant  of  the  Scottish  '45— an  Anti- Anglican 
patriot  (or,  as  Baron  Smith,  the  father  of  the 
present  Master  of  the  Rolls,  was  wont  to  syl- 
labise the  word  —  Pat  Riot),  was  put  upon  his 
trial  for  high  treason  in  Dublin.  He  was  the  son 
of  a  well-to-do  shopkeeper  in  Trim,  vendor  of 
omni-mongery  to  an  extensive  clientele,  and 
bearing  the  truly  national  name  of  Duigenan. 
The  trial-day  was  to  him  and  his  parents  a  series 
of  restless  minutes,  each  whereof  was  a  lingering 
hour ;  to  them,  perhaps,  more  afflicting  than  to 
him,  who  knew  the  course  of  its  latest  instant. 
In  those  times,  the  telegraph  was  not.  Late  in 
the  evening  a  mischievous  —  let  us  hope,  not  a 
malicious  — fool,  rushed  into  the  shop,  exclaiming, 
"He  is  found  guilty!"  The  mother  was  at  the 
door  —  heard  the  terrible  announcement  —  and 
dropped  dead.  I  know  not  whether  an  autopsy 
took  place,  but  I  suppose  the  physical  as  well  as 
the  moral  result  was  the  same  as  in  the  Californian 
story. 

Will  it  pain,  or  will  it  please,  the  reader,  to 
learn  that  the  tidings  so  fatal  to  the  maternal 
heart  were  a  mere  invention  ?  The  trial  had  not 
been  closed  when  its  cruel  joke  was  perpetrated  ; 
it  lasted  till  deep  midnight,  when  the  son  was 
acquitted,  and  immediately  posted  home  to  find 
his  mother  a  corpse.  E.  L.  S. 

"THE  FATHERHOOD  OP  GOD."— -This  phrase, 
which,  used  by  Edward  Irving,  subdued  Mackin- 
tosh, and  struck  Canning  as  singularly  new  and 
beautiful,  is  Racine's,  Athalie,  Act  II.  Sc.  5. 

Joas  replies  to  the  inquiry  of  Athalie :  "  Yotre 
pere  ?  "  — 

"  Je  suis,  dit  on,  un  orpkdin, 
Entre  Its  Iras  de  Dieujett  des  ma  naissance." 

D.  BLAIR. 

Melbourne. 

OUT-SET  OR  OUT-CEPT.— In  reading  the  "  Briefe 
Directions  to  learne  the  French  Tongue"  ap- 
pended to  Cotgrave's  Dictionarie,  1611, 1  stumbled 
upon  a  curious  illustration  of  a  word  used  by  Ben 
Jonson  (an  illustration  which,  I  feel  sure,  will  be 
thought  worth  recording  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  if,  as  I 


believe,  it  has  not  yet  been  cited.)  "  In  Glouces- 
tershire they  likewise  say,  out-set  that,  for,  except 
that."  J.  O.  HALLIWELL. 

GLOSSARY  OP  SCOTCH  WORDS.  —  I  beg  to  sub- 
join an  extract  from  one  of  Lord  Brougham's 
notes  to  his  beautiful  installation  address  which 
he  delivered  on  the  1 8th  of  May,  1860,  on  his 
Lordship's  appointment  of  Chancellor  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Edinburgh,  and  may  I  hope  some  learned 
Scotchman  will  accept,  if  he  has  not  already,  his 
Lordship's  invitation,  and  give  us  a  "  Glossary 
of  approved  Scotch  words  and  phrases  —  those 
successfully  used  by  the  best  writers  both  in  prose 
and  verse,  with  distinct  explanations  and  refer- 
ences to  authorities ; "  and  what  task  is  more 
engaging  than  that  of  contributing  to  enrich  and 
improve  the  English  language  ? 

"  Would  it  not  afford  means  of  enriching  and  improv- 
ing the  English  language,  if  full  and  accurate  glossaries 
of  approved  Scotch  words  and  phrases,  those  successfully 
used  by  the  best  writers,  both  in  prose  and  verse,  were 
given,  with  distinct  explanation  and  references  to  autho- 
rities ?  This  has  been  done  in  France  and  other  countries, 
where  some  dictionaries  accompany  the  English,  in  some 
cases  with  Scotch  synonymes,  in  others  with  varieties  of 
expression." 

FRAS.  MEWBURN. 
Larchfield,  Darlington. 


ANONYMOUS.  — 

"The  Castle  Builders;  or,  the  History  of  William 
Stephens,  of  the  Isle  of  Wight,  Esq.,  lately  deceased.  A 
Political  Novel,  never  before  published  in  any  Language. 
London:  Printed  for  the  Author.  1759.  8vo." 

I  believe  this  work  to  be  a  true  narration  of 
events.  Who  was  the  author  ? 

GEO.  W.  MARSHALL. 

Who  is  the  author  of  "  The  City  of  Temptation," 
dramatic  poem  of  very  great  merit,  published  in 
Fraser's  Magazine,  vol.  xviii.,  1838  ?  Also,  of 
Godolphin,  a  play,  1845  ;  and  Edric  the  Saxon,  a 
>lay  in  three  acts,  published  in  or  about  1845  ? 
Where  was  the  last-named  drama  printed  ? 

IOTA. 

Who  were  the  authors  of — 

1.  "Cabala:  sive,  Scrinia  Sacra.-^Mysteries  of  State 
nd  Government  in  the  Reigns  of  King  Henry  VIII., 
iueen  Elizabeth,  King  James,  and  King  Charles,"  folio. 

London,  1691. 

2.  "  The  Land  of  Promise ;  or,  My  Impressions  of  Aus- 
ralia."    London,  1854. 

3.  "  The  Friend  of  Australia ;  or,  a  Plan  for  Exploring 
he  Interior."    London,  1830  ? 

D.  BLAIR. 
Melbourne. 

GEORGE  BUCHANAN. — 

"  Tyrannical  Government  Anatomiz'd,  or,  a  Discourse 
oncerning  evil  Counsellors :  being  the  Life  and  Death  of 


3*d  S.  V.  JUNK  25,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


515 


John  the  Baptist,  and  presented  to  the  King's  Most  ex- 
cellent Majesty,  by  the  Author,"  4to,  1641. 

This  piece  which  is  a  translation  of  G.  Bu- 
chanan's Latin  tragedy,  was  printed  by  order  of 
the  House  of  Commons.  It  was  republished,  by 
the  Rev.  F.  Peck,  in  1740,  as  a  production  of 
Milton.  Is  it  known  who  was  really  the  author  ? 

IOTA. 

BERKHOLZ  AND  BANTYSCH-KAMENSKI.  —  I  am 
anxious  to  know  the  exact  title,  place,  date,  &c., 
of  Berhholz's  Memoirs.  They  are,  I  believe,  in 
German.  Also,  the  same  particulars  of  a  work  by 
Bantysch-Kamenski,  Memoirs  of  the  Ministers  of 
Peter  the  First.*  I  have  in  vain  sought  for  these 
titles  in  Kayser's  Lexihon,  (Ettinger's  Bibliographic 
Biographique,  the  Conversations  Lexikon,  and  the 
Nouvelle  Biographic  Universelle.  JAYDEE. 

"  CAGED  SKYLARK."  —  Some  years  ago  a  poem 
of  great  strength  and  beauty  was  published  in 
BlackwoocCs  Magazine,  entitled  "  To  a  Caged  Sky- 
lark, Regent  Circus,  Piccadilly."  It  ends  thus : — 

"And  thy  wild  liquid  warbling, 

Sweet  thing,  after  all, 
Leaves  thee  thus,  aching-breasted, 

A  captive  and  thrall ; 

For  the  thymy  dell's  freshness  and  free  dewy  cloud, 
A  barr'd  nook  in  this  furnace  heat  and  suffocating 

crowd." 

Who  is  the  author ;  and  has  he  published  any 
other  poetical  production  ?  WYNNE  E.  BAXTER. 

CANINE  SUICIDE.  — We  are  told  that  consider- 
able astonishment  was  occasioned  one  day  during 
the  past  week  on  board  the  floating-bridge,  whilst 
on  the  Gosport  side,  by  the  singular  conduct  of  a 
well-trained  and  valuable  Newfoundland  dog,  the 
property  of  Mr.  Hurst,  the  railway  carrier.  It 
appears  the  animal  had  followed  a  man  on  to  the 
bridge,  and  that  it  was  driven  off,  as  the  driver 
did  not  want  the  dog  to  accompany  him.  It  then 
deliberately  walked  round  to  the  adjoining  Grid- 
iron, placed  its  head  under  the  water,  and  died 
shortly  afterwards  without  a  struggle  ! 

Is  this  suicidal  act  by  a  quadruped  worthy  a 
place  in  "N.  &  Q.?"  Has  any  reader  ever  read  of 
similar  conduct — suicide  by  a  quadruped  caused 
by  disappointment  ?  J.  W.  BATCHELOR. 

Odiham. 

DRYING  FLOWERS.  —  I  shall  be  greatly  obliged 
to  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  who  can  tell  me  any 
means  of  preserving  the  colours  of  flowers  in  dry- 
ing them.  M.  S. 

DUNKIRK. —  Do  any  monumental  inscriptions 
still  exist  at  Dunkirk  to  the  numerous  English 
who  lived  there  from  1688  to  1793  ?  M.  P. 

ENGLISH  COUNTY  NEWSPAPERS.  —  Can  any 
reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  inform  me  where  I  can 

[*  There  is  an  English  translation  of  this  work,  en- 
titled Kamenski's  Age  of  Peter  tlie  Great,  with  notes  and 
a  preface,  by  Ivan  Golovin.  Lond.  12mo,  1851.— ED.] 


inspect  complete  sets  of  the  English  county 
newspapers  from  their  commencement  to  the  pre- 
sent time,  more  particularly  those  for  the  coun- 
ties of  Kent  and  Surrey?  I  find  in  The  Universal 
British  Directory  for  1790,  mention  of  a  public 
office  for  newspapers,  kept  by  a  "  Mr.  William 
Tayler,  at  No.  5,  Warwick  Square,  Warwick 
Lane,  London,  where  files  of  all  Scotch,  Irish, 
London,  and  English  county  newspapers  are  kept 
complete,  and  reference  could  be  made  to  them. 
Mr.  J.  Poyntell  was  file-clerk."  I  should  feel 
greatly  obliged  if  any  reader  can  inform  me  who 
now  possesses  the  above  collection,  as  I  find  that 
the  collection  of  county  newspapers  in  the  British 
Museum  is  very  imperfect,  particularly  for  Kent 
and  Surrey.  J.  R.  D. 

PRINCE  EUGENE  OF  SAVOY. — A  volume  entitled 
The  Life  and  Military  Actions  of  Prince  Eugene  of 
Savoy,  with  an  Account  of  his  Death  and  Funeral, 
was  published  in  Dublin,  in  1737,  by  subscription, 
and  with  a  dedication  to  Lieut.-General  Wade. 
It  is  a  highly  creditable  specimen  of  Irish  typo- 
graphy. May  I  ask  you  to  give  me  the  author's 
name  ?  ABHBA. 

[The  first  edition  was  published  in  London,  8vo,  1735.] 

IVAN  THE  FOURTH. — What  became  of  the  bro- 
thers and  sisters  of  the  unfortunate  Ivan  IV., 
Emperor  of  Russia,  murdered  in  1764  ?  When, 
and  where  did  they  die  ?  And  did  any  of  them 
marry  and  leave  issue  ? 

CHARLES  F.  S.  WARREN. 

LORD  HOPTON. — Will  you  kindly  inform  me 
where  I  can  find  a  life  of  Sir  Ralph  Hopton,  who 
was  one  of  the  best  of  King  Charles's  Generals 
during  the  civil  war?  I  want  particularly  an 
account  of  his  military  career  from  1643  to  1645. 
I  have  already  consulted  Clarendon  and  Lloyd's 
Memoirs,  8fc.,  but  they  do  not  furnish  what  I  re- 
quire. J.  E.  B. 

f£  MIDDLE-PASSING.  — 

"  With  that  came  the  eleven  kings ;  and  there  was  Sir 
Griflet  put  to  the  earth,  horse  and  man,  and  Lucas  the 
Butler,  horse  and  man,  by  King  Grandegors  and  King 
Idres,  and  King  Agusance.  Then  waxed  the  middle- 
passing  hard  on  both  parties,"  1634  ed.  of  1485. — Malory's 
Arthur,  part  II.  chap.  xii.  p.  24. 

Does  this  mean  the  critical  main-tug  and  tussle 
of  a  battle  ?  Can  any  correspondent  furnish 
another  example  of  the  word  ? 

J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

MORGANATIC. — According  to  the  statement  of 
A.  S.  A.  (3rd  S.  v.  348),  Sophia  Dorothea,  of 
Zelle,  was  not  a  princess  by  birth  ;  being  merely 
the  issue  of  a  morganatic  marriage.  If  so,  how 
could  she  be  married  to  Prince  George  of  Hano- 
ver, otherwise  than  morganatically  ?  Was  it  in 
her  right,  or  in  his  own,  that  in  1705  her  hus- 
band—  at  that  time  Elector  —  succeeded  to  the 
dukedom  of  Zelle  ?  MELETES. 


516 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  V.  JUNE  25,  '64. 


MOTTO-SCROLL.  —  Is  there  any  rule  for  the 
tincturing  of  the  motto-scroll  in  an  achievement 
of  arms  ?  CARILFORD. 

Cape  Town. 

OLD  PRINTS.  —  The  following  should  have  ap- 
peared in  the  list  of  those  concerning  which  I 
asked  for  information  on  p.  458  of  this  volume: — 

6.  A  mezzotinto  full  length  of  a  lady  in  a  riding 
habit,  with  a  whip  in  her  hand.     Loes  Vanhaeken 
ninxt.,  Alex.  Vanhaeken  sc.,  with  these  lines  be- 
low:— 

«  In  her  love-darting  eyes  awake  the  fires, 
Immortal  gifts !  to  kindle  soft  desires ; 
From  limb  to  limb  an  air  majestic  sheds, 
And  the  pure  ivory  o'er  her  bosom  spreads. 
Such  Venus  shines,  when  with  a  measured  bound- 
She  smoothly  gliding  swims  the  harmonious  round, 
When  with  the  Graces  in  the  dance  she  moves, 
And  fires  the  gazing  gods  with  ardent  loves." 
"  Sold  by  T.  Jefferys  in  the  Strand,  and  W.  Herbert  on 

London  Bridge." 

7.  "  The  Studious  Fair."     Miss  Benwell  pinxit, 
C.  Spooner/ectf.     A  beautiful  mezzotint  of  a  lady 
reading.     London,  printed  for  Henry  Parker  and 
Robert  Sayer.     There  is  written  in  pencil  "  Miss 
Bliss."     Who  was  this  lady  ?  J.  M. 

GREAT  OPPORTUNITY.  —  The  Times,  in  its 
number  of  May  30,  gives  some  account  of  the 
sermon  preached  at  the  Chapel  Royal,  Whitehall, 
by  the  Dean  of  Westminster  on  the  previous 
Sunday ;  and  remarks  that  the  Dean  "  made  a 
beautiful  allusion  in  his  sermon  to  the  great  op- 
portunity offered  by  the  Restoration  of  1660  to 
the  Crown,  the  English  nobility,  and  the  Church 
of  England,  but,  alas !  lost  by  them." 

It  is  to  be  regretted  that  the  correspondent  of 
the  Times  did  not  communicate,  in  the  Dean's 
own  choice  language,  the  beautiful  allusion  in  his 
sermon.  Perhaps  some  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
who  heard  the  sermon  may  be  willing  to  gratify 
myself  and  many  others,  by  supplying  the  blank 
in  the  Times.  CURIOUS  READER. 

ORDINATION  OF  EARLY  METHODIST  MINISTERS 
BY  A  GREEK  BISHOP.  —  Erasmus,  "Bishop  of  Ar- 
cadia in  Crete,"  visited  London  in  1763,  accord- 
ing to  Myles'  Chronology  of  the  Wesleyan  Metho- 
dists. Wesley  procured  his  ordination  for  several 
of  the  local  and  travelling  preachers  of  the  society. 
Where  can  I  find  an  account  of  this  Bishop  Eras- 
mus ?  ARTAXERXES  SMITH. 

ORIENTATION  :  ST.  PETER'S  AT  ROME. — 

"  The  bungling  of  Carlo  Maderno  at  St.  Peter's,"  says 
Mr.  Gwilt  in  his  Encyclopaedia,  p.  142,  "  is  much  to  be 
regretted.  The  arches  he  added  to  the  nave  are  smaller 
in  dimensions  than  those  which  had  been  brought  up 
immediately  adjoining  the  piers  of  the  cupola ;  and,  what 
is  still  more  unpardonable,  the  part  which  he  added  to 
the  nave  is  not  in  a  continued  line  with  the  other  work, 
but  inclines  above  three  feet  to  the  north ;  in  other  words, 
the  church  is  not  straight,  and  that  to  such  an  extent 


as  to  strike  every  educated  eye.    His  taste,  moreover,  was 
exceedingly  bad." 

I  would  inquire  whether  Gwilt  is  justified  in 
attributing  this  inclination  to  any  "  bungling  "  on 
the  part  of  Maderno,  or  whether  it  is  not  due  to 
the  same  circumstances  which  are  said  to  have 
held  good  with  the  masons  or  architects  of  our 
own  churches — that  of  inclining  their  work  east- 
ward, according  to  the  time  of  year  at  which  the 
building  was  begun  to  be  erected?  Have  any 
of  your  readers  observed  this  "  inclination "  at 
St.  Peters  ?  I  have  not  seen  it  stated  before ; 
but  as  we  know  Gwilt  visited  Rome,  he  may  have 
therefore  seen  it  himself.  WYATT  PAPWORTH. 

SONGS. — I  should  be  glad  to  learn  where  an  old 
Devonshire  song  can  be  procured  which  begins 
with  the  line  — 

"  When  I  were  born  in  Plymouth  old  town  "  ? 
Also  a  song  called  "  Robin  Roughead,"  in  which 
these  lines  occur :  — 

"  The  more  Bob  bowed  to  they, 
The  more  they  bowed  to  Bob,"  &c. 

T.  J.  C. 

SIR  MICHAEL  STANHOPE.  —  Can  MR.  SAGE,  or 
MR.  H.  W.  KING,  or  any  other  of  the  thousand- 
and-one  contributors  to  "  N.  &  Q."  give  me  any 
information  relative  to  the  residence  of  Sir 
Michael  Stanhope  at  Ilford  ?  Stanhope  was  ap- 
pointed Lieutenant- Governor  of  Hull  33  Henry 
VIII.  At  that  period  he  lived  at  Ilford ;  and  on 
his  removal  to  Hull,  he  granted  a  lease  of  "  his 
house  with  the  garden  in  which  he  then  dwelt  in 
the  town  of  Ilford,"  *  to  Sir  Richard  Southwell, 
Knt.  Master  of  the  Rolls.  There  is  a  clause  in 
the  lease  for  Stanhope's  resumption  of  possession 
should  he  return  to  London  within  four  years ; 
and  I  wish  to  ascertain  whether  he  did  return  to 
Ilford,  and  there  resided,  or  where  else  he  re- 
sided between  the  period  of  his  leaving  Hull,  and 
his  death  in  1551-2.  Stanhope  held  the  warden- 
ship  of  the  manor  of  Guilford,  and,  after  the 
attainder  of  Sir  Nicholas  Carew,  he  had  the  cus- 
tody of  Beddington. 

I  have  searched  in  vain  for  the  report  of  Stan- 
hope's trial  in  1551-2.  Is  there  any  record  of  it  ? 
Stanhope  was  tried  with  Sir  Ralph  Vane,  Sir 
Miles  Partridge,  and  Sir  Thomas  Arundall,  on  an 
unjust  charge  of  high  treason  ;  and  after  a  mock 
trial  was  found  guilty,  and  beheaded. 

ROBERT  COLE. 

54,  Clarendon  Road,  Notting  Hill. 

"  THROWING  THE  HATCHET."  —  The  origin  of 
this  phrase,  which,  in  general  application,  is  equi- 
valent to  "Drawing  the  long-bow,"  has  often 
puzzled  me  and  many  others  of  whom  I  have 
asked  an  explanation.  But,  in  the  Ripon  and 
Richmond  Chronicle  of  the  4th  instant,  I  find  the 

*  Held  by  him  under  a  lease  from  Marie  Blacknall. 


3'd  S.  V.  JUNE  25,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


517 


following  record  of  a  curious  old  custom  that 
throws  some  light  on  the  expression  :  — 

"  THE  MANOR  OF  ARDEN.  —  On  the  26th  ult.  Charles 
Tancred,  Esq.,  the  lord  of  this  manor,  revived  the  ancient 
custom  of  perambulating  the  boundaries.  Flags  and 
banners  were  carried,  and  the  bugle  was  sounded  at  each 
landmark.  At  one  point,  Arkdale  Head,  according  to  the 
old  records  and  usage,  a  threepenny  hatchet  was  thrown 
by  one  of  the  tenants,  and  the  boundary  there  was  fixed 
where  it  fell.  This  ceremony  had  not  been  before  ob- 
served for  twenty-eight  years." 

Does  this  curious  free-and-easy  custom  exist 
elsewhere  ?  G.  H.  OP  S. 

DANIEL  VOSTER  AND  JOHN  GOUGH. — Some  in- 
formation regarding  the  biography  of  these  two 
authors  of  works  on  arithmetic,  used  during  the  end 
of  the  last,  and  the  first  quarter  of  the  present  cen- 
tury, as  school  class-books,  will  be  acceptable.  Was 
Gough  an  Irishman  ?  The  works  of  both  authors, 
I  believe,  have  been  superseded  by  what  is  termed 
shorter  and  better  methods  ;  but  if  so,  those  men 
certainly  laid  the  foundation-stone  upon  which 
the  building  has  been  erected.  And  my  want  is 
for  an  historical  purpose— an  appeal  of  this  sort  is 
never  made  in  vain  in  "  N.  &  Q."  S.  REDMOND. 

Liverpool. 

UNIVERSITY  HOODS.  —  Will  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents inform  me  at  what  period  the  scarlet 
and  white  hoods,  now  worn  by  Masters  of  Arts 
of  Oxford  and  Cambridge  respectively,  came  into 
use,  and  whether  any  reason  can  be  assigned  for 
the  choice  of  those  particular  and  distinctive 
colours  ?  E.  H.  A. 

WILLIAM  WATSON,  LL.D.,  AND  THE  AUTHOR- 
SHIP OF  "THE  CLERGYMAN'S  LAW."  —  William 
Watson,  of  Pidlington,  Oxfordshire,  son  of  the 
Rev.  Joab  Watson,  after  being  educated  for  five 
years  at  Oakham  school,  under  Mr.  Fryer,  was 
admitted  a  sizar  of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge, 
June  7,  1655,  set.  18,  proceeded  B.A.  1658-9,  and 
commenced  M.A.  1662.  He  became  rector  of  Old 
Romney,  Kent,  April  6,  1670,  was  created  LL.D. 
1673,  and  died  1689-90,  set.  51.  He  was  also 
Dean  of  Battel,  but  we  know  not  when  he  was 
appointed.  In  1701  there  appeared  a  folio  volume 
with  this  title :  — 

"  The  Clergy-Man's  Law :  or  the  Complete  Incumbent, 
collected  from  the  39  Articles,  Canons,  Proclamations, 
Decrees  in  Chancery  and  Exchequer,  as  also  from  all  Acts 
of  Parliament,  and  Common- Law  Cases,  relating  to  the 
Church  and  Clergy  of  England ;  digested  under  proper 
Heads,  for  the  Benefit  of  Patrons  of  Churches  and  the 
Parochial  Clergy.  And  will  be  useful  to  all  Students  and 
Practitioners  of  the  Law.  By  William  Watson,  LL.D., 
late  Dean  of  Battel." 

Worrall  (Bibl.  Leg.  Anglice,  65)  states  that  the 
Clergyman's  Law  was  not  written  by  Dr.  Watson, 
but  by  Mr.  Place  of  York,  and  this  is  repeated  by 
Watt,  and  Lowndes.  Worrall  cites  an  observa- 
tion of  Mr.  Justice  Denison,  in  Burrow's  Reports, 
i.  307  (it  should  be  315),  also  Wilson's  Reports, 


ii.  195,  where  the  real  author  is  said  to  have  been 
Mr.  Place  of  Gray's  Inn.  We  cannot  doubt  that 
the  work  was  substantially  written  by  Dr.  Wat- 
son, although  probably  Mr.  Place  revised,  cor- 
rected, and  arranged  it  for  publication.  We  take 
it  that  the  object  of  Mr.  Justice  Dennison  was  not 
to  depreciate  Dr.  Watson,  but  to  show  that  the 
work  had  had  the  sanction  of  a  practising  lawyer. 

We  are  desirous  of  obtaining  information  re- 
specting Mr.  Place.  There  were  other  editions 
of  The  Clergyman  s  Law  revised  and  amplified 
from  time  to  time.  Our  remarks,  of  course,  ap- 
ply only  to  the  first  edition. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 


Snsixiers. 

THE  LORD'S  PRAYER.— The  trirnestral  reading 
of  the  sixth  chapter  of  Saint  Matthew's  Gospel, 
as  the  second  Morning  Lesson  happening  "on 
Sunday  last,  brought  to  my  mind  a  custom  which 
I  have  sometimes  in  my  lon^  life  —  eighty-seven 
years — noted,  once,  I  think,  in  Worcester.  When 
the  reader  came  to  the  Saviour's  liturgic  precept, 
"  After  this  manner,  therefore,  pray  ye : — Our 
Father,"  the  congregation  arose  from  their  seats, 
and  kneeled  during  its  repetition.  Solemn  as  is 
the  Oratio  Dominica  on  all  occasions  and  in  all 
places,  for  the  combined  sake  of  its  language  and 
of  its  authorship,  the  seldomness  of  this  especial 
occasion  gave  it  a  solemnity  which  none  who  have 
not  witnessed  it  can  imagine. 

Will  any  correspondents  of  "  N.  &  Q."  mention 
the  churches  in  which  thev  have  seen  it  ? 

E.  L.  S. 

[We  do  not  find  that  the  rubric  of  the  Book  of  Common 
Prayer  says  a  word  about  sitting ;  standing  and  kneeling 
being  the  only  postures  expressly  recognised.  The  clergy 
still  stand  to  receive  the  charge  of  their  Bishop  or  other 
ecclesiastical  superior.  However,  as  sitting  during  Di- 
vine service  has  been  claimed  in  recent  times  as  an  indul- 
gence (not  only  by  invalided  and  aged  persons),  but  by 
the  greater  part  of  the  congregation,  it  is  customary  in 
many  churches  to  rise  when  the  Lord's  Prayer  comes  in  the 
course  of  the  Lessons,  though,  of  course,  it  is  only  read, 
as  it  were,  historically,  as  a  part  of  a  narrative.  On  our 
Lord's  graciously  saying  to  his  disciples,  "When  ye 
pray,  say  Our  Father,"  &c.,  he  was  using  a  bidding 
prayer,  and  the  disciples  listened ;  but  neither  Jesus  nor 
his  followers  could  be  said  to  pray  during  the  repetition 
of  the  words  of  the  prayer  at  that  time.  Hence  the  cus- 
tom noticed  by  our  correspondent  of  kneeling  when  this 
prayer  is  read  in  the  Lessons,  is,  we  conceive,  not  a  cor- 
rect one.] 

JAMES  GRAHAM.  —  About  eighty  years  ago, 
there  was  a  soi-disant  physician,  one  James  Gra- 
ham, who  established  himself  in  Pall-Mall,  and 


518 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  JUNE  25,  '64. 


whose  practice  and  writings  were  distinguished 
by  the  grossest  immorality  and  obscenity.  He 
had  what  he  termed  a  "  ccelestial  bed; "  gave  lec- 
tures "  on  the  improvement  of  the  human  spe- 
cies," and  also  "  private  advice  to  married  ladies 
and  gentlemen,"  &c.  He  had  besides  baths  in 
which  persons  were  immersed  to  the  chin  in 
earth;  and  after  practising  these  and  various 
enormities  for  some  time,  the  public  ceased  to 
contribute  to  his  imposture,  by  withholding  the 
rapacious  fees  he  demanded ;  upon  which  he  de- 
termined to  turn  a  regular  M.D.,  and  repaired  to 
Glasgow,  where  I  observe,  in  the  winter  of  1784, 
as  mentioned  in  Sir  James  Mackintosh's  Memoirs, 
that  Graham  was  a  fellow-student  with  him  at 
that  University.  The  bubble,  however,  had  burst, 
and  he  sank  into  insignificance  and  contempt.  I 
am  anxious  to  know  what  became  of  him,  and 
particularly  when  and  where  he  died.  2.  2. 

[Some  particulars  of  this  notorious  empiric  and  his 
earth-bath,  as  well  of  his  Vestina,  the  rosy  Goddess  of 
Health,  Emma  Hamilton,  have  already  been  given  in 
«N.  &  Q."  2"d  S.  ii.  233,  278,  316,  and  358.  When  the 
popularity  of  Graham  began  to  wane,  he  was  compelled 
to  give  up  his  famed  Temple  of  Health  and  Hymen, 
Schomberg  House,  Pall  Mali,  and  to  dispense  with  the 
future  services  of  his  two  gigantic  porters  in  gold  lace. 
He  left  London  for  Scotland,  where  his  boasted  preten- 
sions of  a  power  of  indefinitely  extending  the  length  of 
human  life  were  soon  exploded  by  the  following  an- 
nouncement in  the  Scots  Magazine,  Ivi.  375 :  "  Died  on 
June  23, 1794,  at  Edinburgh,  Dr.  Graham,  the  famous 
physician,  well  known  for  his  celebrated  Temple  of 
Health  and  curious  lectures."] 

CAMACA. — What  is  the  origin  and  meaning  of 
the  word  Camaca  ?  It  often  occurs  in  the  inven- 
tories of  churches,  as  copes  were  frequently  made 
of  it.  Beds  also  seem  to  have  been  made  of  the 
same  material.  It  is  sometimes  spelt  camaJt, 
camoke,  camoka,  and  chamiere.  Has  the  word 
any  connection  with  camel  ?  J.  DALTON. 

[Camaca  is  a  kind  of  silk,  or  rich  cloth :  curtains  were 
made  of  this  material.  See  The  Squyr  of  Lowe  Degre, 
835;  Test.  Vetust.  p.  14;  Coventry  Mysteries,  p.  163. 
(HalliwelL}  Amidst  the  various  forms  of  this  word  cited 
by  our  learned  correspondent,  Camoke  and  Camoka  seem 
to  be  the  most  correct ;  as  they  come  the  nearest  to  the 
mediaeval  Greek,  KU/JLOVXUS,  Xojuoux«y,  which  signify 
the  same  thing.  Mdnage  suggests,  as  a  derivation,  the 
Persian  Kenikha  (a  silk  stuff),  which  looks  as  if  he  felt 
rather  at  a  loss.  See  Du  Cange,  Gloss.  Lot.  on  Camoca ; 
Gloss.  Gr.  on  Kc^iouxay,  and  Manage  Die.  Etym.  Fr.t  on 
Camocas.] 

MIKIAS.  —  This  is  the  "Kilometer."  In  the 
Gentleman  s  Magazine  (1755,p.265),  Dr.Pococke's 
Travels  is  referred  to  for  a  description.  Will  any 
correspondent,  to  whom  the  book  is  accessible, 
favour  me  with  the  reference  or  extract,  if  not  too 


long?  or,  as  well,  to  any  other  account  of  the 
matter?  J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

[Pococke  says :  "  At  the  south  end  of  the  pleasant  isle 
of  Roida,  or  Raoudah,  is  the  Mikias,  or  house  in  which  is 
the  famous  pillar  for  measuring  the  Nile.  It  is  a  column 
in  a  deep  basin,  the  bottom  of  which  is  on  a  level  with 
the  bed  of  the  Nile :  the  water  entering  at  one  side,  and 
passing  out  on  the  other.  The  pillar  is  divided  into 
measures,  by  which  they  see  the  rise  of  the  Nile.  It  has 
a  fine  old  Corinthian  capital  at  top,  which  has  commonly 
been  omitted  in  the  draughts,  and  on  that  rests  a  beam 
which  goes  across  to  the  gallery.  From  the  court  that 
leads  to  this  house,  is  a  descent  to  the  Nile  by  steps,  on 
which,  the  common  people  will  have  it,  that  Moses  was 
found,  after  he  had  been  exposed  on  the  banks  of  the 
river."  There  is  also  an  engraving  of  "  A  Plan  and  Sec- 
tion of  the  Mikias."— -Description  of  the  East,  edit.  1743, 
fol.  i.  29,  253,  &c>] 

WARDROBE  BOOK  OP  QUEEN  ISABELLE.  —  In 
the  second  volume  of  the  Book  of  Days,  mention 
is  made  of  the  Wardrobe  Book  of  Isabelle,  queen 
of  Edward  II.,  which  is  described  as  "  among  the 
Cottonian  MSS."  I  have  a  particular  wish  to 
consult  this  volume,  but  I  cannot  find  any  mention 
of  it  in  the  catalogue  of  the  Cottonian  MSS.  Can 
any  one  kindly  supply  the  reference  ? 

HERMENTHUDE. 

[The  document  is  the  Cottonian  Manuscript,  Galba 
E.  xiv.,  injured  by  the  fire  in  1731,  and  since  restored. 
It  contains  an  account  of  the  expenses  of  the  household 
of  Queen  Isabella  from  the  beginning  of  October,  in  the 
year  1357,  to  the  4th  of  December  in  1358,  a  few  days 
after  her  burial,  and  more  than  three  months  after  her 
death,  which  it  fixes  at  the  22nd  of  August.  E.  A.  Bond, 
Esq.,  Egerton  Librarian,  read  a  paper  before  the  Society 
of  Antiquaries  on  March  16,  1854,  on  the  contents  of  this 
manuscript,  and  which  has  been  since  published  in  the 
Archcsologia,  xxxv.  453 — 469,  entitled,  "  Notices  of  the 
Last  Days  of  Isabella,  Queen  of  Edward  the  Second, 
drawn  from  an  Account  of  the  Expenses  of  her  House- 
hold."] 

ANONYMOUS  WORKS. — Who  were  the  authors  ? 

1.  "  The  Contest  of  the  Twelve  Nations ;  or,  a  View  of 
the  Different  Bases  of  Human   Character  and  Talent. 
Edinburgh :  Oliver  &  Boyd.     1826." 

[By  William  Hewison.] 

2.  "  Le  Chef  d'OEuvre  d'un  Inconnu ;    Poeme  par  M. 
le  Docteur  Chrisostome  Mathanasius.    Paris,  1807." 

[Par  Van  Effen.] 

3.  "Essai  sur  1'Origine  et  1'Antiquite  des  Langues. 
London,  1767." 

[Par  J.  B.  Perrin.] 

4.  "  Relation  des  Campagnes  de  Rocroi  et  de  Fribourg, 
en  1'Annee  1643  et  1644.    Imprime'e  a  Paris,  1673." 


D.  BLAIR. 


[Par  Henri  Besse'.] 
Melbourne. 

TAG,  RAG,  AND   BOBTAIL.  —  Will  some  cor- 
respondent of  "  N.  &   Q."   be  good  enough  to 


3'«»  S.  V.  JUNE  25,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


519 


explain  the  meaning   and    derivation    of  these 
words  ?  A.  B.  Y.  Z. 

[In  the  Etymons  of  English  Words,  by  John  Thomson, 
Edinb.  4to,  1826,  it  is  stated  that  "  Tag,  Rag,  and  Bob- 
tail, were  three  denominations  of  ignoble  dogs."  The 
phrase,  as  applied  colloquially  to  the  common  people,  is 
noticed  in  Todd's  Johnson  and  in  Nares's  Glossary.  In 
Ozell's  Rabelais,  iv.  221,  it  is  "  Shag,  rag,  and  bobtail."] 

ARABELLA  FERMOR.  —  Who  were  the  parents  of 
Mrs.  Arabella  Fermor,  the  heroine  of  Pope's 
Rape  of  the  Lock?  M.  P. 

[Mr.  Carruthers  (Pope's  Works,  ed.  1858,  i.  224)  states 
that  Arabella  Fermor,  Pope's  Belinda,  was  the  daughter 
of  James  Fermor,  Esq.,  of  Tusmore,  co.  Oxford,  who  mar- 
ried Mary,  daughter  of  Sir  Robert  Throckmorton,  of 
Weston  Underwood,  Bucks.  This,  however,  does  not 
agree  with  the  pedigree  of  the  Fermor  family,  drawn  up 
by  a  descendant,  and  printed  in  the  Gent's  Mag.,  vol. 
xcvii.  pt.  i.  p.  580,  where  we  read  that  Arabella  was  the 
daughter  of  Henry  Fermor,  Esq.,  of  Tusmore,  who  mar- 
ried Ellen,  daughter  and  co-heir  of  Sir  George  Browne, 
K.B.] 


SIGNET  RING  FORMERLY  ATTRIBUTED  TO 

MARY,  QUEEN  OF  SCOTS. 

(3rd  S.  iv.  396,  418.) 

When,  on  the  14th  of  November  last,  I  sub- 
mitted a  query  concerning  the  above,  I  was  not 
aware  that  it  had  been  noticed  before  in  this 
work,  (for  I  find  that  the  allusion  to  it  to  which 
I  referred  had  appeared  in  The  Times  ,)  or  that 
it  had  formed  a  topic  of  discussion  at  meetings 
of  the  British  Archaeological  Association.  Nor, 
consequently,  was  I  aware  that  its  true  origin 
had  been  ascertained.  Of  this  I  was  first  ap- 
prised by  the  reply  of  M.  D.  herein  on  Nov.  21. 
Since  that  time,  I  have  sought  and  obtained  the 
advantage  of  private  communications  from  the 
correspondent  under  that  signature,  from  H. 
Syer  Cuming,  Esq.,  to  whose  discovery  of  the  in- 
dicative monogram  ("  M.-H.")  he  refers,  and  from 
G.  Vere  Irving,  Esq.,  who  also  had  engaged  in 
the  previous  investigations  ;  with  the  perusal  of 
reports  of  which,  in  the  Journals  of  the  British 
Arch&ological  Association  for  March  1855,  and 
Sept.  1861,  I  have  been  favoured. 

Thus  furnished  with  additional  intelligence  on 
the  subject,  and  having,  moreover,  made  fresh 
inquiry  among  members  of  the  Buchan  family, 
I  beg  leave  to  offer  a  few  remarks  in  rejoinder  to 
the  various  obliging  answers  which  my  question 
in  "N.&Q."  has  elicited. 

With  respect  to  that  which  is  generally  acknow- 
ledged to  have  been  the  original  of  all  the  lozenge- 
shaped  signets  of  this  character,  (said  to  be  now 
in  the  possession  of  Cardinal  Wiseman,)  I  have 


been  confirmed  in  my  statement  that  it  was  care- 
fully preserved  by  David  Stewart,  Earl  of  Buchan, 
as  having  belonged  to  the  Scottish  queen,  and  as 
having  been  presented  by  her  majesty  to  some 
ancestor  of  his.  Indeed,  his  lordship  showed  the 
trinket  to  myself  as  such ;  together  with  an  old 
tortoise-shell  comb,  and  other  reputed  Marian  re- 
lics, at  Dry  burgh  Abbey,  in  1827,  about  a  year 
before  his  death.  My  own  ring,  too,  had  been 

fiven  as  its  fac-simile,  and  under  that  description, 
y  the  earl  to  a  lady  who  gave  it  to  me;  but 
whether  it  was  a  modern  imitation,  (its  seal  is 
somewhat  larger,)  or  a  supposed  co- original,   I 
have  never  exactly  learnt. 

I  was  correct  likewise,  I  am  assured,  in  my 
assertion  that  Lord  Buchan's  signet  had  been  lost 
to  his  representatives  for  many  years,  (though  not 
for  so  many  as  I  intimated,)  without  having  been 
accounted  for  by  any  known  gift,  bequest,  or 
"  sale,"  authorised  by  his  lordship,  or  by  his  im- 
mediate successor  to  the  title,  into  whose  hands  it 
never  came. 

It  is  singular,  indeed,  that  the  founder  of  the 
Society  of  Antiquaries  in  Scotland  should  have 
been  mistaken  in  this  instance.  Nevertheless, 
there  seems  no  room  for  doubt  that  Mr.  Cuming 
has  demonstrated  the  insignia  and  lettering  of  this 
seal  to  have  been  those  of  Queen  Henrietta- Maria, 
consort  of  King  Charles  I. ;  and  in  this  conclu- 
sion Mr.  Irving,  who  had  previously  ascribed  it^to 
Mary  of  Modena,  consort  of  James  II.,  fully  coin- 
cides. The  hypothesis,  which  has  sometimes  been 
suggested,  that  "  H.-M."  may  stand  for  Henry 
(Darnley)  and  Mary  (Stuart,)  even  if  the  adop- 
tion of  the  Irish  harp  into  the  royal  arms  were 
synchronical,  cannot  hold  good ;  as,  in  that  case, 
there  would  have  been  two  Rs  ("R.  R.")  on  the 
sinister. 

The  question  then  arises,  as  regards  its  origi- 
nality, whether  there  is  any  likelihood  of  such  a 
token  of  her  royal  favour  having  been  conferred 
by  this  queen  (who,  it  is  known,  had  many  such 
"pledges"  made,  to  different  set  patterns,)  upon  an 
ancestor  of  Lord  Buchan.  And  a  not  improbable 
solution  of  it  is  to  be  found  in  the  circumstance 
that  Sir  James  Erskine,  second  son  of  the  Lord 
Treasurer  Mar,  who  became  sixth  Earl  of  Buchan 
through  marriage  with  the  heiress  of  that  dignity, 
was,  says  Douglas, "  highly  esteemed  by  James  VI. 
and  Charles  I.,  who  appointed  him  one  of  the 
lords  of  his  bedchamber;  and,  being  a  great 
favourite  at  court,  lived  most  of  his  time  in 
England."  This  earl  besides  had,  in  his  youth, 
been  despatched  by  King  James,  with  the  Duke 
of  Buckingham,  in  attendance  upon  Prince  Charles 
on  the  occasion  of  his  journey  into  Spain  for  the 
purpose  of  wooing  the  Infanta  ;  when,  Paris  hav- 
ing been  taken  in  their  way,  the  foundation  of  the 
prince's  marriage  with  the  beautiful  daughter  of 
France  was  laid.  It  appears,  therefore,  by  no 


520 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  JUNE  25,  '64. 


means  improbable  that  an  early  acquaintance  of 
the  queen  with  the  earl  (whose  grandmother,  the 
Duchess  of  Lennox,  was  of  a  noble  French  family) 
resulted  from  this  incident;  that  her  majesty,  in 
consequence,  may  have  afterwards  thus  personally 
distinguished  him  in  England ;  and  that  her  signet 
ring  was  transmitted  from  him,  as  an  heir- loom, 
down  to  his  collateral  descendant  David  Stewart, 
eleventh  earl. 

There  have  been,  1  find,  various  imitations  in 
glass,  of  different  sizes,  of  the  seal  of  the  ring  in 
question  :  all  of  which  have,  I  believe,  been  traced 
to  an  impression  from  Lord  Buchan's,  which  many 
years  ago  fell  into  the  hands  of  an  eminent 
seal  engraver  in  Edinburgh.  These,  of  which  ^  I 
have  obtained  a  sample,  are  still  sold  there  in 
boxes,  labelled  -  "  The  Signet  of  Mary,  Queen  of 
Scots,  from  a  King  in  the  possession  of  the  late 
Earl  of  Buchan :"  which  renders  it  the  more  de- 
sirable that  the  history  of  their  prototype  should 
be  cleared  up  as  far  as  is  now  practicable.  Pos- 
sibly some  persons  of  an  older  generation  than 
those  now  treating  of  this  subject  may  yet  sur- 
vive in  Scotland  who  might  be  able  to  throw 
additional  light  upon  it. 

Of  other,  always  undoubted  and  oval- faced  seals 
of  Queen  Henrietta-Maria,  (of  which  I  have  re- 
ceived beautiful  impressions  by  the  courtesy  of 
my  recent  correspondents,)  it  is  not  my  province 
to  make  mention  farther  than  to  intimate  that  I 
am  aware  of  their  existence.  Of  one  of  these, 
however,  in  sapphire  and  gold,  belonging  to  Miss 
Hartshorne  of  Holdenby  Rectory,  the  matrix  is 
about  the  same  diminutive  size,  and  as  exquisitely 
engraved  as  that  of  the  Buchan  signet ;  and  has 
the  same  monogram,  though  but  faintly  defined, 
and  the  "  R."  on  their  respective  sides. 

T.  A.  H. 


PEDIGREE. 
(3rd  S.  v.  459.) 

A  full  answer  to  the  query  of  K.  R.  C.  would 
fill  many  pages  of  u  N".  &  Q."  I  will,  however, 
endeavour  to  answer  it  as  shortly  as  I  can.  Lord 
St.  Leonards,  in  his  Vendors  and  Purchasers  (10th 
edit.  vol.  ii.  p.  76),  observes,  that  every  link  in 
the  chain  of  the  pedigree  should  be  proved  :  as  the 
marriage  of  the  parents,  and  the  baptism  of  the 
son,  and  the  certificate  of  the  burial  of  the  father, 
or  the  probate  of  his  will,  or  letters  of  administra- 
tion to  him,  in  order  to  prove  the  son's  right  to 
an  estate  by  descent  from  his  father;  and  when 
she  was  dowable,  proof  of  the  mother's  burial  and 
the  discharge  of  her  arrears  of  dower,  if  recently 
dead,  should  be  required ;  and  inquiry  should  be 
made  after  any  settlement  executed  by  either 
father  or  son.  The  proof  of  failure  of  issue  of  an 
elder  branch,  as  of  a  first  son,  is  often  slight  and 


depending  upon  affidavits;  but'  weight  may  be 
given  to  such  evidence,  where  the  possession  of 
the  estate  has  gone  with  the  pedigree  produced. 
The  fact  of  a  birth,  marriage,  or  death,  which 
took  place  in  and  since  the  year  1837,  may  be 
proved  by  a  certified  extract  from  the  General 
Register  at  Somerset  House,  established  by  sta- 
tute 6  and  7  William  IV.  c.  86 ;  and  by  statutory 
declarations  (which  have  superseded  affidavits)  as 
to  the  identity  of  the  parties. 

I  may  add,  that  if  the  before-mentioned  means 
of  evidence  should  fail,  entries  in  family  books  by 
members  of  the  family,  monumental  inscriptions, 
coffin  plates,  old  statements  of  pedigree,  and  even 
a  pedigree  preserved  in  the  family  library,  or 
hung  up  in  the  mansion,  and  also  statutory  de- 
clarations by  members  of  the  family,  are  admitted 
as  evidence  to  prove  a  pedigree,  though  such 
evidence  is  inadmissible,  if  it  be  not  made  "  ante 
litem  motam," — that  is,  if  it  be  made  during  exist- 
ing, or  with  a  view  to  anticipated  litigation  or 
controversy,  involving  the  point  in  question.  For 
more  minute  information  on  the  proof  of  pedi- 
grees, I  refer  K.  R.  C.  to  that  section  of  Lord  St. 
Leonard's  work,  which  relates  to  perusing  ab- 
stracts of  title ;  and  also  to  chapter  viii.  of  the 
second  edition  of  Dart's  Vendors  and  Purchasers. 

W.  J.  TILL. 

Croydon. 

Tour  correspondent's  query  — "  What  evidence 
is  accepted  as  proof  in  a  pedigree  ?  " — cannot  well 
be  answered  without  a  particular  statement  of  a 
case  in  point.  However,  a  general  answer  will 
perhaps  be  found  in  the  following  notes  from  law 

The  oral,  or  written  declarations  of  the  de- 
ceased members  of  the  family,  are  admissible  to 
prove  a  pedigree.  Old  statements  of  pedigree 
are  held  admissible  on  account  of  their  public 
exposure  to,  and  recognition  by,  the  family ;  even 
although  they  cannot  be  distinctly  attributed  to 
any  particular  member  of  it.  Pedigrees  hung  up 
in  a  family  mansion,  or  preserved  in  the  family 
library,  are  admissible.  A  pedigree  presented  by 
a  third  person  to  a  member  of  the  family,  and 
recognised  by  him,  is  admissible  in  proof  of  the 
relationship  of  persons  therein  described  as  living, 
and  who  might  be  presumed  to  be  personally 
known  to  him ;  even  although  the  general  pedi- 
gree is  inadmissible  by  reason  of  its  purporting  to 
be  collected  from  registers,  wills,  monumental 
inscriptions,  family  records,  and  history.  The 
declarations  in  a  pedigree,  so  far  as  they  relate  to 
persons  presumably  known  to  the  party  making 
them,  are  admitted  as  evidence  ;  upon  the  prin- 
ciple, that  they  are  the  natural  effusions  of  a 
party  who  must  know  the  truth,  and  who  records 
it  upon  an  occasion  when  the  mind  stands  in  an 
even  position,  without  any  temptation  to  exceed 


3"  S.  V.  JUNE  25,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


521 


or  fall  short  of  the  truth.  Pedigree  evidence 
is  generally  inadmissible  if  made  during  existing, 
or  with  a  view  to  anticipated  litigation  or  con- 
troversy, involving  the  point  in  question. 

A  pedigree,  deduced  from  the  Heralds'  Visita- 
tion books,  and  drawn  up  by  a  herald,  is  not 
evidence  :  so  a  written  pedigree,  purporting  to  be 
made  by  one  of  the  family,  and  entered  in  the 
heralds'  books,  is  not  evidence. 

EDWARD  J.  WOOD. 


MEANING  OF  THE  WORD  "SELAH." 
(3rd  S.  v.  433.) 

This  is  well  called  by  CANON  DALTON  a  "  hope- 
less subject."  St.  Jerome,  with  all  his  knowledge 
and  opportunities,  is  uncertain  and  unsatisfactory. 
He  adopts,  in  the  Psalms,  the  fls  re\os  of  the  Sep- 
tuagint,  and  renders  it  "  in  finem ;"  but  when  he 
comes  to  the  same  word,  in  Habaccuc  iii.  3,  he 
follows  the  aet  of  Aquila,  and  translates  it  by 
"  semper."  He  refers  it,  in  the  Psalms,  to  Christ : 
"In  finem,  id  est,  in  Christo,  Finis  enim  legis 
Christus"  In  Habaccuc,  he  merely  says  that  the 
Septuagint  translate  it  by  "  SictyoAMa,  et  nos  posui- 
mus,  semper."  St.  John  Chrysostom  and  St.  Gre- 
gory of  Nyssa  suppose  the  word  to  indicate  some 
extraordinary  emotion  of  the  Psalmist,  or  inspired 
writer,  at  certain  passages.  Eugubinus  under- 
stands it  to  be  used  something  like  Amen,  mean- 
ing certainly,  truly,  or  always.  Lorinus  thinks 
it  directs  repetition  by  a  second  choir.  Eusebius 
supposes  it  to  direct  cessation  on  the  part  of 
one,  and  commencement  by  another.  Genebrar- 
dus  and  others  regard  it  as  a  note  of  exclamation 
and  attention,  exciting  to  more  careful  considera- 
tion of  what  is  sung :  and  Cornelius  &  Lapide 
thus  paraphrases  the  word  "  Selah  "  in  Habaccuc : 
"Attendite,  expendite,  stupete,  celebrate  jugiter 
hanc  Dei  excelsi  in  nos  dignationem  et  benefi- 
centiam." 

Perhaps  the  occurrence  of  this  word  "  Selah," 
in  the  canticle  of  Habaccuc,  has  hardly  received 
due  consideration,  in  attempts  to  determine  its 
meaning.  Yet  its  introduction  there  would  seem 
to  throw  great  light  upon  its  appearance  in  the 
Psalms.  If  it  were  an  admonition  to  increased 
attention,  and  elevation  of  the  mind  and  heart,  it 
would  be  difficult  to  account  for  its  never  appear- 
ing in  so  many  sublime  passages  in  other  books 
of  Holy  Scripture.  The  prayer,  or  canticle  of 
Habaccuc,  being  intended  to  be  sung  like  a  psalm, 
the  word  "Selah"  is  introduced  there  likewise; 
and  the  legitimate  inference  will  be,  that  it  is 
some  musical  direction,  the  meaning  of  which  is 
now  hopelessly  lost. 

This  solution  has  been  already  pointed  out  in 
"K  &  Q."  (I"  S.  ix.  423,  and  x.  36),  and,  as  I 
think,  very  satisfactorily.  The  writer  at  the 


second  reference  mentions  that  Jackson  of  Exeter, 
when  composing  an  anthem  for  the  opening  verses 
of  the  prayer  of  Habaccuc,  considered  the  word 
as  an  exclamation  of  praise,  and  set  it  to  music 
accordingly ;  but  he  assigns  strong  reasons  for 
the  opinion  generally  adopted,  that  it  was  a  mere 
direction  to  the  musicians,  having  no  immediate 
reference  to  the  sacred  text.  F.  C.  H. 


THE  MISS  HORNECKS. 
(3rd  S.  v.  458.) 

The  J.  M.  of  this  query  is,  I  presume,  the  same 
who  asks  other  questions  in  the  second  column  of 
the  same  page.  He  will  find  one  of  these  inci- 
dentally answered  below.  As  far  as  my  know- 
ledge of  his  works  extends,  Sir  Joshua  painted 
six  portraits  of  the  Horneck  family : 

1.  Captain  W.  Kane  Horneck,  Royal  Engineers, 
the  father.      This  is   a  small  picture,   and  was 
painted  before  Sir  Joshua  went  to  Italy.     It  is 
engraved  in  little  by  S.  W.  Reynolds. 

2.  Mrs.  Hannah  Horneck,  the  mother,  sitting; 
her  left  hand  to  her  face,  leaning  on  a  book ;  veil 
from  the  head  over  the  shoulders;  hair  to  the 
waist.     It  was  engraved    by  M'Ardell,  without 
name   of    subject,    and    immediately   afterwards 
pirated  by  Purcell.      The   spurious  plate  shows 
the  whole  of  the  right  hand,  the  genuine,  only  a 
small  portion  of  it.     Under  one  of  these  plates  (I 
am   not  sure  which),  the  lettering    "  Plymouth 
Beauty "  was  afterwards  inserted.     The  test  of 
the  hand  will  tell  J.  M.  whether  his  print  is  en- 
graved by  M'Ardell  or  Purcell. 

3.  Miss  Katherine  Horneck,  the  elder  daughter. 
She  is  the  "  Little  Comedy  "  of  Goldsmith,  and 
married  Henry  Bunbury,  the  caricaturist.     The 
present  Sir  Charles  Bunbury,  Bart.,  is  her  grand- 
son.    It  is  beautifully  engraved  on  a  large  scale 
by  James  Watson,  1778.     The  prints  are  lettered 
"  Mrs.  Bunbury." 

4.  Miss  Mary  Horneck,  the  younger  daughter. 
She  is  the  "  Jessamy  Bride  "  of  Goldsmith,  and 
married  Colonel  Gwyn.     She  died  so  recently  as 
1840,  at  the  great  age  of  ninety-two.     Sir  Joshua 
painted  her,   seated  in   oriental  fashion,  and  re- 
tained the  painting  in  his  own  studio  till  his  death, 
bequeathing  "  to   Mrs.   Gwyn   her   own  picture 
with  a  turban."     It  is  most  beautifully  engraved 
on  a  large  scale  by  Dunkarton.     The  face,  in  a 
fine  proof,  is  exquisitely  refined  and  pretty,  and 
sweet  in  expression ;  and  no  fault  can  be  found, 
except  with   the  right   hand,  which  is  ill- drawn 
and  doughy.      The   prints   are   lettered    "Miss 
Horneck." 

5.  The   two   sisters,   in  profile,   in  one  chalk 
drawing.     It  has  been  engraved  by  S.  W.  Rey- 
nolds, on  a  scale  somewhat  larger  than  the  rest  of 


522 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


V.  JUNE  25,  '64. 


his  series.  It  is  not  included  in  the  300  sold  by 
Mr.  Bohn. 

6.  Master  Charles  Bunbury,  eldest  son  ot 
Katharine  Horneck.  This  picture,  like  No.  4, 
was  retained  by  Sir  Joshua,  and  left  in  his  will  to 
the  mother.  "  To  Mrs.  Bunbury,  her  son's  pic- 
ture." It  is  engraved  in  large,  by  Howard,  in  a 
style  of  unrivalled  brightness  and  richness  of 
colour.  The  possessor  of  fine  proofs. of  numbers 
2,  3,  4,  and  6,  is  a  man  to  be  envied.  The  whole 
of  the  six  paintings  are  still  in  the  hands  of  the 
Bunbury  family,  and  long  may  they  remain  un- 
scattered. 

I  can  find  no  mention  of  a  portrait  of  their 
brother,  "  the  Captain  in  Lace,"  who,  however, 
seems  to  have  been  in  every  respect  worthy  of 
his  sisters  —  those  two  lovely  Devonshire  girls, 
who  had  the  singular  fortune  to  be  loved  by 
Burke,  painted  by  Keynolds,  and  sung  by  Gold- 
smith. CHITTELDROOG. 

CRANCELIN:  ARMS  OF  PRINCE  ALBERT. 
(3rd  S.  v.  457.) 

The  Nouveau  Traile  de  Blason  says  enough, 
but  reckons  on  his  readers  understanding  a  word 
which  is  not  to  be  seen  everywhere.  I  cannot 
find  crancelin  in  Menestrier,  for  instance,  Meihode 
du  Blason,  1688.  Berry  gives  an  entirely  wrong 
blazon.  I  gave  a  short  account  of  the  Saxony 
arms  on  pp.  384,  385  of  the  third  volume  of  the 
present  series  of  "  K  &  Q.,"  which  I  think  will 
answer  the  larger  part  of  A.  A.'s  query.  The 
word  crancelin  is  explained  'by  Richelet  to  be — 
"  Terme  de  blason,  on  apelle."  In  Richelet' s  time 
they  affected  to  leave  out  the  second  of  two  con- 
sonants: "ainsi  une  portion  de  couronne,  posee 
en  bande  a  travers  d'un  ecu,  et  qui  se  termine  a 
ses  deux  extremitez."  He  gives  no  derivation  of 
the  word.  But  Ginanni  says :  — 

" Crancellino.  Fran.  Crancelin',  Lat.  Mitella  Rutacea. 
Egli  e  una  mezza  corona  posta  in  banda.  La  paroia 
Francese  Crancelin  deriva  dall'  Alemanna  Krenslin,  che 
significa  una  piccola  corona,  o  Ghirlanda  di  fiori." 

D.P. 

Stuarts  Lodge,  Malvern  Wells. 

"  Crown  of  rue.  The  ancient  arms  of  the  Dukedom  of 
Saxony  were  barry  of  eight,  or  and  sable.  The  bend  was 
added  by  the  Emperor  Frederic  Barbarossa,  when  he  con- 
firmed the  dukedom  to  Bernard  of  Anhalt,  who,  desiring 
some  mark  to  distinguish  him  from  the  dukes  of  the 
former  house,  the  emperor  took  a  chaplet  of  rue  which  he 
had  upon  his  head,  and  threw  it  across  the  shield.  These 
are  the  paternal  arms  of  his  R.H.  Prince  Albert.  The 
bearing  is  sometimes  called  a  ducal  coronet  in  bend,  and 
sometimes,  more  properly,  a  bend  arches  coronetty.  Its 
tincture  in  the  arms  above-named  is  vert."  —  Parker's 
Glossary  of  Terms  used  in  British  Heraldry,  p.  108,  article 
"  Crown." 

The  word  crancelin  does  not  occur  in  Parker, 
nor  is  it  to  be  found  in  N.  Bailey,  $i\o\6yos. 

BROOK-THORPE. 


"HebearethOr,  a  Bend  8rrf)CC  C0r0U£tce  on  the 

top  side  Gules.  Some  say  Haveing  the  higher  side 
*foaj)££'  Morgan  lib.  3fo.  39,  termeth  this  a 
til  28£UO",  hut  he  should  then  have  said  (<!£)> 
ill  28^ntT)  because  it  reacheth  from  side  to  side 
of  the  shielde. 

"  Barry  of  10  ©  [or],  and  fy  [sa.],  such  a  Bend  9  [vert.] 
born  by  Peter  of  Savoy,  Duke  of  Suxony. 

"  A  a  Fesse  S  the  like  O  born  by  Van  Wageleben." '•— 
Randle  Holme's  Academy  of  Armory,  1,  4,  48,  p.  33. 

DAVID  GAM. 

Crancelin  is,  of  course,  from  the  German  Krdnz- 
lein.  (Vide  Spener,  "Prolegomena  Insig.  Dom. 
Saxon.,"  in  his  Pars  Specialis  Operis  Heraldici. 

The  origin  of  the  bearing  is  briefly  this  : — When 
the  Emperor  Barbarossa  conferred  the  Dukedom 
of  Saxony  upon  Bernhard,  Count  of  Ascania,  the 
newly-created  duke  desired  the  emperor  to  give 
him  also  an  addition  to  his  arms,  by  which  he 
might  be  distinguished  from  the  other  members 
of  his  family  who  bore :  Barry  of  ten  or  and  sa. 
Whereupon  the  emperor,  taking  off  the  garland 
of  rue  which  he  wore  upon  his  head,  threw  it 
obliquely  across  the  shield  of  the  duke. 

The  fullest  and  best  accounts  of  the  Saxon  arms 
with  which  I  am  acquainted,  are  those  in  Spener, 
to  which  I  referred  above ;  and  in  Trier?,  Einlei- 
tung  zu  der  Wapenkunst  (p.  271),  under  the  head 
of  "  Wapen  des  Konigs  in  Pohlen." 

J.  WOODWARD. 

New'Shoreham. 


MODEL  OP  EDINBURGH  (3rd  S.  v.  116.)  — In 
reply  to  the  inquiries  of  J.  R.  B.,  of  which  a 
professor  in  Edinburgh  informed  me  only  a  few- 
days  since,  I  beg  to  intimate  that  the  model  of 
Edinburgh  which  J.  R.  B.  saw  some  years  since 
has  been  exhibited  with  great  success  in  Edin- 
burgh, Glasgow,  and  Manchester,  not  fewer  than 
100,000  persons  having  viewed  it  at  each  place. 

It  has  been  considerably  enlarged,  and  is  cer- 
tainly the  largest  and  most  accurate  that  was 
ever  made.  It  now  covers  a  surface  of  500  square 
feet,  thereby  including  the  city  within  the  par- 
liamentary limits,  and  has  all  the  additions  and 
improvements  made  to  the  year  1860  at  great  cost 
by  a  member  of  my  family. 

It  is  in  my  possession ;  if  J.  R.  B.  wishes  to 
have  any  further  communication,  he  will  please 
address  "  Nisi  Dominus  frustra,"  Kaye's  News 
Rooms,  Brown  Street,  Manchester. 

LADY  MARKHAM  (3rd  S.  v.  498.)  — This  lady 
was  the  third  daughter  of  Sir  John  Harington,  of 
Exton,  Knt.,  by  Lucy  his  wife,  daughter  of  Sir 
William  Sidney  of  Penshurst.  Sir  John  Harington 
was  created  Lord  Harington,  of  Exton,  in  1603. 
He  was  tutor  to  the  Princess  Elizabeth,  daughter 
of  James  II. ;  and  a  great  friendship  subsisted 
between  Prince  Henry  and  his  only  son  Lord 


3'd  S.  V.  JUNE  25,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


523 


Harington,  who  died  s.  p.  in  1613.  Donne  wrote 
an  elegy  on  this  young  man.  Bridget  Harington 
was  born  in  1579 ;  married  Sir  Anthony  Markham, 
of  Sedgebrook,  Bart.,  and  was  Lady  of  the  Bed- 
chamber to  Queen  Anne  of  Denmark.  Sir  An- 
thony Markham  died  in  1604,  and  Lady  Markham 
May  10,  1609.  The  parish  register  of  Twicken- 
ham shows  that  she  was  on  a  visit  to  her  sister, 
"  Lucie,  Countess  of  Bedford." 

"  The  Ladie  Bridget  Markham,  who  dyed  in  the  Ladie 
of  Bedford's  House  in  the  Park,  was  interred  May  19th, 
1609." 

A  very  long  epitaph  is  on  her  tomb,  which  I 
suppose  may  still  be  seen  on  the  south  wall  of 
Twickenham  church,  under  the  gallery. 

This  Lady  Markham  was  the  mother  of  Sir 
Robert  Markham  of  Sedgebrook;  who  was  a 
zealous  Royalist,  although  his  younger  brother 
Henry  did  good  service  to  the  Parliamentarians. 

M.P. 

P.S.  Lucie,  Countess  of  Bedford,  was  a  great 
benefactress  of  Donne;  who  seems  to  have  re- 
ceived much  pecuniary  assistance  from  her  in  his 
troubles. 

LADY  ELIZABETH  SPELMAN  (3rd  S.  v.  482.)  — 
The  following  pedigree  shows  the  descent  from 
the  learned  antiquary :  — 

Sir  Henry  Spelman,  Knt..  the  fa-  =  Eleanor,  dau.  and  coh.  of  John 
mous  antiquary,  born  1562.  High  I  Le  Strange,  of  Sedgeford.  in 
Sheriff  of  Norfolk,  1605.  Burd.  Norfolk, Esq.  Marrd.  at  Sedge- 
in  Westminster  Abbey,  Oct.  24,  |  ford,  April  18,  1590.  Bur.  July 
1641.  I  2.i,  1620,  at  the  entrance  of  St. 

Benedict's,  Westminster  Abbey. 


Clement  Spelman.  youngest  son,  =  Martha,  dau.  and  coh.  of  Francis 
Baron  of  the  Exchequer,  bap.          Mason,  Esq. 
Oct.  4, 1598,  died  1679.    Bur.  in 
St.  Dunstan's,  Fleet  Street. 


Henry  Spelman,  of  Wick- 
mere,  ob.  Nov.  19,  1698, 
set.  68,  s.  p.  s. 


James  S 


pelman 


Emma,  da.  of  Sir  Wil- 
liam Bowles.of  Berk- 
shire. 


William  Spelman,  of  Wickmere,  =  Elizabeth,  da.  of  the  Lady  Martha 
heir  to  his  uncle  Henry.  He  Carey.  2nd  wife  of  John  Earl  of 
died  1713.  Middleton,  and  da.  and  h.  of 

Henry  Earl  of  Mon  mouth. 

G.  H.  D. 

^  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (3rd  S.  v.  495, 496.)— ME. 
GANTILLON'S  last  passage  is  the  first  line  of  the 
last  stanza  of  Bishop  Berkeley's  celebrated  and 
beautiful  verses  on  the  "Prospect  of  Planting 
Arts  and  Learning  in  America."  They  have  often 
been  called  almost  prophetic;  though,  just  now, 
the  vision  is  rather  clouded  over.  See  his  Works, 
ed.  1820,  iii.  233.  LTTTELTON. 

"  For  me  let  hoary  Fielding  bite  the  ground, 
So  nobler  Pickle  stands  superbly  bound. 

Who  ever  read  « the  Regicide '  but  swore. 
The  author  wrote  as  man  ne'er  wrote  before." 

See  Churchill's  "  Apology  addressed  to  the  Cri- 
tical Reviewers."  Any  life  of  Smollett  or  Churchill 
will  explain  why  the  lines  were  written. 

P.  W.  TREPOLPEN. 


"  He  set  as  sets  the  morning  star,  which  goes 
Not  down  behind  the  darkened  west,  nor  hides,"  &c. 
This  is  from  Pollok's   Course  of  Time.     Not 
having  the  book  at  hand,  I  cannot  give  nearer 
particulars.  S.  SHAW. 

LOYALTY  MEDALS  (3rd  S.  v.  479.) — The  quota- 
tion from  the  note  to  the  Diary  of  Sir  Henry 
Slingsby  is  given  so  incorrectly  that  it  seems  de- 
sirable to  mention  the  mistakes.  The  words 
"Residvs,"  "  Primmiana,"  "Belasyze"  appear  in 
the  query  of  ANON,  instead  of  Residvis,  Pimmiana, 
and  J3elasyse,  which  are  the  words  printed  in  the 
Diary.  The  following  part  of  ANON'S  quotation 
must  have  surprised  heraldic  readers :  "  And  it  is 
remarkable  that  the  baron  coat  is  dimidiated,  so 
that  Scriven  appears  once  at  top,  and  once  below 
barwise."  Of  course  this  would  not  be  the  result 
of  dimidiating  a  coat  of  four  quarters.  But  the 
statement  of  the  note  in  the  Diary  is :  "  And  it  is 
remarkable  that  the  baron  coat  is  dimidiated,  so 
that  Scriven  appears  once  at  top,  and  Slingsby 
once  below,  barwise." 

It  is  painful  to  reflect  that  Sir  Henry  Slingsby, 
one  of  the  bravest  and  most  incorruptible  ser- 
vants of  the  two  kings  Charles,  should  have  been 
brought  into  peril  of  his  life  so  late  in  Cromwell's 
life.  That  person  survived  Sir  Henry's  murder 
only  three  months.  After  his  death  such  a  sen- 
tence could  scarcely  have  taken  effect.  D.  P. 

Stuarts  Lodge,  Malvern  Wells. 

LITERARY  PLAGIARISMS,  ETC.  (3rd  S.  v.  432.) — 
Allow  me  to  refer  MR.  REDMOND  to  a  pamphlet 
entitled  Literary  Piracies,  Plagiarisms,  and  Analo- 
gies, Dublin,  1863.  It  contains  the  substance  of 
two  lectures  delivered  about  twelve  months  since, 
by  Stephen  N\  Elrington,  Esq.  (known  to  many 
as  "  S.  N.  E."),  before  the  Booterstown  Young 
Men's  Christian  Association ;  and  it  well  deserves 
an  attentive  reading.  Within  the  moderate  com- 
pass of  fifty-six  pages,  a  large  amount  of  useful  and 
interesting  information  may  be  found.  ABHBA. 

LASCELLS  (3rd  S.  v.  400.)  —  In  the  pedigree  of 
Ryther  given  in  Whitaker's  edition  of  Thoresby's 
Leeds,  it  is  stated  that  Susanna,  seventh  daughter 
of  Robert  Ryther,  Esq.  of  Belton,  baptised  in 
1668,  and  sole  executrix  of  her  father's  will  in 
1693,  married Lascells  of  Crowle,  co.  Lin- 
coln. Perhaps  this  may  be  the  lady,  whose  de- 
scent R.  C.  H.  H.  wishes  to  ascertain.  Did  John 
Lascells  of  Horncastle  leave  any  descendants  ? 

CLERICUS. 

SIBBER  :  SIBBER  SAUCES  (3rd  S.  v.  460.)— The 
meaning  of  sibber  sauces  as  "  quieting  sauces " 
would  seem  to  arise  from  a  mistake  in  the  term. 
In  the  North  Riding  of  Yorkshire,  we  have 
"  sipper  sauces  "  as  applied  to  the  condiments  of 
the  table,  and  which  we  understand  to  be  those 
extra  ingredients  or  compounds  which  give  a  zest 
to  the  food,  and  are  only  slightly  tasted,  as  the 


524 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  JUNE  25,  '64. 


essences  to  fish  and  such  like.  Further,  we  often 
hear  it  said  in  the  case  of  an  invitation  to  dinner, 
"  we  can  give  you  a  plain  meal,  but  no  sipper 
sauces,"  none  of  those  luxuries  found  at  a  "  re- 
gular spread."  Also,  in  the  way  of  taking  physic, 
the  patient  here  is  told  to  swallow  the  potion 
without  "  sipperinj; "  or  sipping  at  it,  that  is, 
without  tasting  it  slightly,  as  people  are  apt  to  do 
while  making  the  effort  to  bolt  it.  &• 

Whitby. 

HERALDIC  QUERY  (3rd  S.  v.  478.)  —  The  coats 
about  which  MR.  W.  J.  BERNHARD  SMITH  in- 
quires, are  — 1.  Hill  of  Hales,  Norfolk.  This  is 
figured  on  p.  410  of  Guillim,  ed.  1724.  2.  The 
lady's  coat  is  Graham,  as  borne  by  the  Duke  of 
Montrose,  the  Grahams  of  Norton  Conyers,  and 
Netherby.  Should  this  reply  enable  MR.  SMITH 
to  identify  the  date  of  the  match  and  the  persons, 
a  note  in  "  N.  &  Q."  from  him  would  much  oblige 
me.  D.  P. 

Stuarts  Lodge,  Malvern  Wells. 

SEPTUAGINT  (3rd  S.  v.  419,  470.)  —  MR.  BUCK- 
TON  will  much  oblige  if  he  will  read  An  Enquiry 
into  the  Present  State  of  the  Septuagint  Version  of 
the  Old  Testament,  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Henry  Owen, 
F.R.S.,  Rector  of  St.  Olave,  Hart  Street,  1769. 
It  is  a  duodecimo,  180  pp.  Its  perusal  will  prove 
that  he  was  well  qualified  to  pronounce  an  opinion. 
The  book  is  a  remarkable  one ;  and  I  desire  to 
know  if  his  charges  of  wilful  corruption  by  the 
Jews  were  ever  attempted  to  be  disproved. 

NEWINGTONENSIS. 

MARROW-BONES  AND  CLEAVERS  (3rd  S.  v.  356.) 
The  custom  mentioned  by  your  correspondent 
H.  S.  was  of  frequent,  if  not  constant  occurrence, 
in  the  early  part  of  this  century.  I  was  married 
in  London  in  the  year  1815 ;  and,  on  our  return 
from  church,  a  card  was  sent  in,  to  the  best  of 
my  recollection,  nearly  identical  with  that  quoted 
by  H.  S.,  but  this  postscript  was  added  :  "  Having 
our  Books  of  Presidents  to  Show."  There  was 
also  an  intimation  that  the  marrow-bones  and 
cleavers  were  in  readiness,  and  would  play  if 
required. 

Few  persons  refused  the  gratuity  (about  five 
shillings)  in  order  to  escape  what  would  have 
been  an  annoyance  to  themselves  and  neighbours. 
My  wife  remembers  the  rough  music,  as  it  was 
called,  playing  occasionally  for  two  days  in  a 
street  in  her  neighbourhood,  and  causing  a  great 
disturbance :  this  must  have  been  between  fifty 
and  sixty  years  ago. 

The  marrow  bones  and  cleavers  were  played,  a 
few  years  since,  in  the  town  where  I  reside  ;  but 
I  have  not  heard  of  another  instance,  and,  as  the 
bridegroom  was  a  butcher,  perhaps  it  was  only  a 
professional  welcome.  H.  E.  R. 

DOCTOR  SLOP  (3rd  S.  v.  414,  415.)  Your  cor- 
respondent JAYDEE  will  find,  in  Atkinson's  Medical 


Bibliography  (p.  304,  London,  1834),  some  re- 
marks upon  Dr.  Burton ;  among  which,  he  is 
commended  for  "  his  intimate  acquaintance  with 
all  the  esteemed  writers  of  his  day"  upon  the 
subjects  of  which  he  wrote ;  and  his  Essay  on 
Midwifery,  spoken  of  as  "a  most  learned  and 
masterly  work."  The  plates  which  illustrate  this 
work  were,  it  is  thought,  taken  from  drawings 
made  by  Stubbs,  the  famous  horse-painter. 

R.  W.  F. 

MARK  or  THOR'S  HAMMER  (3rd  S.  v.  458.)  — 
Permit  a  descendant  of  Thor  or  Thorn  (Hamp- 
son's  Medii  2Em  Kalendarium,  vol.  ii.  p.  375)  to 
say  that  the  fylfot  or  "  Son  word "  will  be  found 
figured  as  an  heraldic  emblem  in  Boutell,  p.  40, 
fig.  143.  It  will  also  be  found  in  Sabine  Baring 
Gould's  Iceland,  p.  299,  where  he  writes,  "  We 
were  shown  the  stone  in  the  tu'n  of  Thorfas- 
tathr.  The  only  marks  on  it  were  two  :  the  first 
is  certainly  (says  Mr.  Gould)  Thor's  hammer,  the 
second  a  magical  character."  I  say  it  is  the  Di- 
gamma,  hence  your  correspondent  calls  it  the 
"  Gammadion."  This  Digamma,  in  the  classics, 
has,  as  is  well  known,  three  forms,  and  they 
stand  each  for  the  figure  six  in  Greek  numeric 
power.  But  if  we  turn  to  Godfrey  Higgins,  we 
find  that  acute  philologue  referring  the  same  to 
its  analogous  letter  in  Hebrew,  the  great  conjunc- 
tion or  letter  vau.  I  will  not  occupy  your  valu- 
able space  further,  but  if  A.  A.  feels  any  thirst 
for  further  information,  I  shall  only  be  too  happy 
to  show  him  the  power  of  the  Digamma,  alias 
Thor's  hammer,  in  more  than  one  way. 

LE  CHEVALIER  AU  CIGNE. 

87,  Harrow  Road,  W. 

SOTTON-COLDFIELD  (3rd  S.  v.  379.)  —  These 
words  (of  Henry  VIII.'s  charter)  have  been  time 
immemorial  the  name  of  the  place.  They  are 
taken  from  the  "  Coldfield,"  which,  with  the 
"  Chase,"  were  royal  hunting  grounds  in  the  reign 
of  King  John,  and  probably  earlier  also. 

ESTE. 

D' ABRICHCOURT  FAMILY  (3rd  S.  v.  408.)  —  A 
family  of  this  name  (spelled  Dabridgecourt}  was 
famous  in  Warwickshire  (Solihull  and  Knowle)  in 
the  sixteenth  century.  See  Dugdale,  passim. 

ESTB. 

"  THE  DUBLIN  UNIVERSITY  REVIEW  "  (3rd  S.  v. 
343,  447.)  —  For  the  information  of  your  corre- 
spondent, and  in  reply  to  his  request,  I  beg  to 
state  that  the  second  vol.  of  this  Review  is  in  my 
possession,  and  is  entitled,  "  The  Dublin  Univer- 
sity Review,  New  Series,  Vol.  I.,  January  to  No- 
vember, 1834.  Dublin:  R. Milliken  &  Son,  Grafton 
Street,"  pp.  514.  After  the  title-page  follows 
u  Contents  of  No.  V.,"  and  then  "  Contents  of  No. 
II.,  New  Series."  As  there  are  only  these  two 
numbers  in  the  volume,  and  as  on  the  first  page  of 


3'd  S.  V.  JUNE  25,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


525 


each,  the  Review  is  styled  a  "  Quarterly  Maga- 
zine," I  at  first  thought  they -had  been  respectively 
published  in  January  and  in  April,  1834,  but  on 
examination  I  found  that  this  was  not  the  case. 
No  date  is  attached  to  these  numbers  (though  the 
first  four  were  dated  in  the  Table  of  Contents), 
but,  from  dates  afforded  by  the  "  University  and 
Literary  Intelligencer"  appended  to  each,  I  find 
that  No.  V.  must  have  been  published  on  the 
1st  of  May  or  June,  and  the  last  number  in 
November ;  so  that  these  two  numbers  really 
covered  the  year  1834,  as  the  title- pa^e  declared. 
Mr.  Caesar  Otway  was  the  editor  of  this  magazine 
in  its  quarterly  form,  and  the  Rev.  Charles  S. 
Stamford  was  the  first  editor  of  the  monthly  serial 
which  followed.  This  periodical  is  interesting,  not 
only  from  the  valuable  matter  contained  in  its 
earlier  numbers,  but  from  its  being  the  only  ma- 
gazine which  has  ever  succeeded  in  Ireland. 

ElRIONNACH. 

CABY  FAMILY  (3rd  S.  v.  398, 468.)— If  MELETES 
will  refer  to  my  query  upon  this  subject  he  will 
observe  that  the  particulars  given  were  derived 
from  a  single  source,  viz.  the  papers  supporting 
the  claim  of  William  Ferdinand  Gary  to  the  peer- 
age of  Hunsdon.  What  the  precise  value  of  this 
source  may  be  I  cannot  at  present  pretend  to  say, 
but  the  little  experience  which  I  have  had  in 
genealogical  investigations  has  rendered  me  very 
reluctant  to  accept  'any  statement  unsupported  by 
evidence. 

Perhaps  I  ought  to  have  mentioned  that  the 
above  W.  F.  Gary  succeeded  his  cousin,  Robert 
Gary  (seventh  Lord  Hunsdon),  who,  till  his  ele- 
vation to  the  peerage,  had  followed  the  trade  of  a 
weaver  in  Holland.  He  died  unmarried  in  1702 ; 
and  I  see  that  Banks  (Baronia  Anglica  Concen- 
trata,  ii.  197),  after  mentioning  this  fact,  adds  :  — 

"The  heir,  who  maybe  now  extant,  not  improbably 
may  be  in  a  situation  of  life  not  superior,  and  equally 
unaware  of  the  rank  to  which  he  has  a  right." 

Your  correspondent  rightly  says,  the  "  question 
still  remains — was  Sir  Robert  the  only  son  of 
(Sir)  Edmund  ?  "  If  the  following  extract  from 
Lysons's  Cambridgeshire  be  true,  it  would  appear 
that  he  was  not :  — 

"  In  1632  it  was  the  property  of  Valentine  Gary,  Bishop 
of  Exeter,  whose  nephew,  Ernestus  Gary,  sold  it  in  1646  to 
the  family  of  Ventris."  —  Page  250,  "  Great  Shelford." 

This  Bishop  Gary  seems  to  have  puzzled  Prince, 
who  claims  him  as  a  "  worthy  of  Devon,"  though 
he  admits  that  he  is  said  to  have  been  born  in 
Northumberland.  C.  J.  ROBINSON. 

ARISTOTLE'S  POLITICS  (3rd  S.  v.  475.)  —  Mr. 
Lewes  needs  no  defender:  but  I  suspect  MR. 
BUCKTON  is  in  some  confusion.  I  am  not  indeed 
aware  from  what  source  Mr.  Lewes  has  derived 
his  statement  that  Aristotle  described  255  consti- 
tutions ;  and  I  agree  that  it  is  inaccurate  to 


describe  the  extant  Treatise  on  Politics  as  a  little 
one. 

But  on  the  other  hand,  I  do  not  suppose  Mr. 
Lewes  meant  literally  that  Arnold  had  "com- 
mitted to  memory "  that  treatise,  or  any  part  of 
it,  but  only  that  he  was  quite  familiar  with  it. 

I  wish,  however,  to  refer  Mr.  BUCKTON  and 
your  readers  to  the  end  of  the  preface  to  the  third 
volume  of  Arnold's  Thucydides  (pp.  xx.  xxi.), 
which  will  show  what  Mr.  Lewes  seems  to  refer  to. 
Aristotle  certainly  does  not  give  255  "  outlines." 
The  words  which  MR.  BUCKTON  quotes  show  that 
those  outlines  were  in  works  now  lost.  What 
Arnold  says  is  this  :  — 

"  Even  in  Europe  and  America  it  would  not  be  easy  to 
collect  such  a  treasure  of  experience  as  the  constitutions 
of  '  153  '  commonwealths  along  the  various  coasts  of  the 

Mediterranean  offered  to  Aristotle So  rich 

was  the  experience  which  Aristotle  enjoyed,  but  which  to 
us  is  only  attainable  mediately  and  imperfectly  through 
his  other  writings :  his  own  record  of  all  these  common- 
wealths   having  unhappily  perished." 

LYTTELTON. 

SUCCESSION  THROUGH  THE  MOTHER  (3rd  S.  v. 
459.) — FIAT  JUSTITIA  seems  ignorant  of  the  pro- 
visions of  the  statute  18  Victoria,  chap,  xxiii. ; 
for  which  improvement  in  the  law  of  Scotland, 
and  others  of  a  valuable  kind,  the  country  is  in- 
debted to  Mr.  Dunlop,  M.P.  for  Greenock.  I 
quote  the  words  of  sections  4  and  5  :  — 

"  4.  When  an  intestate,  dying  without  leaving  issue 
whose  father  has  predeceased  him,  shall  be  survived  by 
his  mother,  she  shall  have  right  to  one-third  of  his  move- 
able  (i.  e.  personal)  estate  in  preference  to  his  brothers 
and  sisters,  or  their  descendants,  or  other  next  of  kin  of 
such  intestate." 

"  5.  Where  an  intestate,  dying  without  leaving  issue, 
whose  father  and  mother  have  both  predeceased  him, 
shall  not  leave  any  brother  or  sister,  german  or  consan- 
guinean,  nor  any  descendants  of  a  brother  or  sister,  ger- 
man or  consanguinean,  but  shall  leave  brothers  and 
sisters  uterine,  or  a  brother  or  sister  uterine,  or  any  de- 
scendants of  a  brother  or  sister  uterine,  such  brothers  and 
sisters  uterine,  and  such  descendants  in  place  of  their 
predeceasing  parent  shall  have  right  to  one  half  of  his 
moveable  estate." 

G. 

Edinburgh. 

MISQUOTATIONS  BY  GREAT  AUTHORITIES  (3rd  S. 
v.  454.)— I  am  afraid  that  no  efforts  of  "N.  &  Q." 
can  prevent  occasional  misquotations  by  great 
authorities — occasional  noddings  of  Homers  ;  but 
cannot  something  be  said  to  open  the  eyes  of  the 
world  to  the  cruel  wrong  done,  in  invariably  at- 
tributing the  parentage  of  one  saying  to  a  lady  in 
this  respect  at  least  perfectly  innocent  ? 

Why  in  the  name  of  fortune  is  it,  that  the  sen- 
timent—  "Comparisons  are  odorous" — is  always 
given  to  Mrs.  Malaprop,  as  it  is  by  newspaper 
writers  (who  are  the  people  fondest  of  this  useful 
and  hardworked  quotation)  of  every  degree,  and 
without  exception  ?  I  met  with  an  amusing  in- 
stance of  this  the  other  day  in  The  Guardian  — 


526 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


V.  JUNE  25,  '64. 


a  paper  of  which  the  writers  are  of  very  unequal 
merit  certainly,  but  none  of  them  usually  ignorant 
of  common  English  literature.  The  contributor 
of  a  column  of  gossip  wrote,  as  it  is  the  habit  of 
such  contributors  to  write  :  "  But  '  comparisons 
are  odorous,'  as  Mrs.  Malaprop  says."  Some  cor- 
respondent, chivalrous  enough  to  attempt  the 
hopeless  enterprise,  wrote  to  call  attention  to  the 
misquotation ;  whereupon  the  writer,  in  a  next 
week's  erratum,  attributes  the  saying  to  its  true 
author — the  sapient  Dogberry ;  and  asserted  that, 
what  Mrs.  Malaprop  does  say,  is  —  "  No  compari- 
sons, Miss;  comparisons  don't  become  _  a  young 
woman."  In  the  course  of  the  following  week, 
he  apparently  discovered  that  he  had  not  yet 
done  full  justice,  and  had  totally  missed  the  point 
of  what  Sheridan  wrote ;  and  in  a  still  farther 
erratum  he  gets  right  at  last,  by  quoting  Mrs. 
Malaprop  correctly,  as  saying:  "No  caparisons, 
Miss ;  caparisons  don't  become  a  young  woman." 
So  that,  to  set  the  poor  lady  completely  right, 
even  with  an  author  willing  to  make  handsome 
reparation,  was  as  difficult  as  driving  a  joke  into 
a  Scotch  head  is  said  to  be.  And  after  all  my 
mind  misgives  me,  that  the  next  time  I  see  the 
quotation  made  use  of  in  a  smart  article,  in  what 
newspaper  soever,  it  will  stand  as  it  always  has 
stood :  "  '  Comparisons  are  odorous,'  as  Mrs.  Ma- 
laprop says."  C.  A.  L. 

MARRIAGE  BEFORE  A  JUSTICE  or  THE  PEACE  (3rd 
S.  v.  400, 469.) — The  following  notice  of  such  mar- 
riages is  extracted  from  a  History  of  the  Parochial 
Church  of  Burnley,  by  T.  T.  Wilkinson,  F.R.A.S., 
Member  of  the  Literary  and  Philosophical  So- 
ciety of  Manchester,  &c.,  &c.,  1856.  The  Rev. 
Henry  Morris,  an  "  able  and  orthodox  divine," 
was  incumbent  of  Burnley  from  A.D.  1640  to  A.D. 
1653.  On  September  20,  1653,  he  was  "chosen 
by  the  inhabitants  and  householders  of  the  parish 
to  be  their  Registrar ;"  and  their  selection  was 
approved  by  "Richard  Shuttleworth  [of  Gaw- 
thorpe],  and  John  Starkie  [of  Huntroyde],"  two 
of  the  resident  magistrates  for  the  district.  In 
the  capacity  of  registrar,  Mr.  Morris  — 

"  appears  as  witness  to  several  marriages  before  the 
1  Justices  of  the  Peace;'  and,  at  the  close  of  the  second 
entry  of  marriage,  it  is  added  in  the"  register  that  pub- 
lication of  banns  *  was  first  made  in  Burnley  Church,  on 
the  Lord's  Day,  according  to  Act  of  Parliament.'  Among 
the  earliest  of  those  who  availed  themselves  of  these 
opportunities,  we  find  the  names  of  '  Richard  Pollard, 
of  Habergham  Eaves,  Linen  Weaver,  and  Alice  Sagar, 
daughter  of  Gates  Sagar,  of  Walsh  aw,  Husbandman,1 
who  were  '  married  by  Richard  Shuttleworth,  Esq.,  oi 
Gawthorpe,  one  of  the  Justices  of  the  Peace  within  the 
County  of  Lancaster,  this  sixteenth  of  December,  in  the 
year  of  our  Lord  God,  1653.'  The  next  twelve  entries 
supply  the  names  of  John  Starkie,  Esq.,  of  Huntroyde 
William  Farrar,  Esq.,  of  Hey  wood;  Lawrence  Raws 
thorne,  Esq.,  of  New  Hall;  Randle  Sharpies,  Esq.,  o 
Blackburn ;  as  Justices  of  the  Peace  officiating  at  mar 
riages.  Kor  did  the  poorer  classes  alone  avail  themselve 


f  the  services  of  the  Justices;  for  about  the  same  time 
George  Halstead,of  Bank  House,  and  Elizabeth  Belfield, 
f  Extwistle,'  also, '  Peter  Ormerode,  of  Ormerode,  Yeo- 
man, and  Susan  Barcroft,  daughter  of  Thomas  Barcroft, 
gentleman,'  were  united  by  the  same  means ;  '  in  the 
resence  of  me,  Henry  Morris,  Minister.'  Throughout 
,he  whole  of  these  extracts,  it  is  curious  to  observe  the 
areful  distinction  which  is  preserved  between  the  Gentle- 
men and  the  Esquires.  The  latter  title  is  exclusively 
pplied  to  members  of  the  highest  families  in  the  neigh- 
ourhood,  whilst  the  former  is  the  common  designation  of 
hose  belonging  to  the  inferior  gentry." — Pp.  45 — 46. 

SENTENCES  CONTAINING  BUT  ONE  VOWEL  (3r* 
3.  v.  419.) — I  have  heard  octogenarians  say  that, 
n  the  good  old  days,  when  supper  was  a  social 
and  a  jovial  meal,  it  was  customary  among  the 
young  people,  in  addition  to  composing  charades 
and  rebuses,  to  try  to  invent  sentences  containing 
nly  one  vowel ;  and  then  to  puzzle  each  other  to 
decipher  them  by  writing  down  the  vowel  only  at 
certain  distances,  filling  up  the  required  number 
f  consonants  by  so  many  dots. 

I  quote  from  memory  a  sentence  from  a  manu- 
script book  of  charades  and  puzzles,  dated  about 
1799  ;  and  could  I  at  this  moment  lay  my  hand 
on  the  book,  might  perhaps  find  others  of  a  like 

nature :  — 

"  Persevere  ye  perfect  men, 
J?ver  keep  these  precepts  ten." 

Doubtless,  at  the  time  the  thing  was  in  vogue, 
there  were  hundreds  of  sentences  known,  con- 
taining only  one  vowel  in  each  ;  and  it  would  not 
now  be  difficult  for  any  one  of  ordinary  ingenuity 
to  string  a  whole  paragraph  together  for  himself. 
For  instance,  the  following  impromptu  I  have 
just  made  during  the  last  ten  minutes :  — 

Tamar  ^4nn  Magnall  was  at  a  gay  ball  at  Smack's 
last  May  Day,  and  had  a  hand  at  cards. 

FENTONIA. 

An  example  of  the  curiosity  inquired  for  by  EIN 
FRAGER,  is  furnished  by  the  old  puzzle.  Add  one 
vowel  to 

"p.R.S.V.R.Y.P.R.F.C.T.M.N. 

V.R.K.P.T.H.S.P.R.C.P.T.S.T.N.'  — 

and  you  will  have  a  sentence,  i.  e. — 
"  Persevere  ye  perfect  men, 
.Ever  keep  these  precepts  ten." 

As  a  specimen  of  composition  without  conso- 
nants, I  copy  a  Welsh  verse  from  an  article  on 
"  St.  David's  Day,"  in  London  Society  for  March, 
1864:  — 

"  O'i  wiw  wy  i  weu  e  a  a'i  weau, 
O'i  wyau  e  weua 
E'  weua  ei  we  aia' 
A'i  weau  yvi  ieuau  ia." 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

THE  SERAGLIO  LIBRARY  (3rd  S.  v.  415.)— We 
shall  have  some  opportunity  of  knowing  the  con- 
tents not  only  of  the  Seraglio  library,  as  to  which 


3r*  S.  V.  JUNE  25,  *64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


527 


H.  C.  inquires,  but  of  the  other  public  libraries 
of  Constantinople :  for  the  catalogues  are  in  pro- 
gress, and  I  saw  the  proof  in  the  hands  of  Munif 
Eflfendi.  Although,  as  H.  C.  intimates,  the  Porte 
is  liberally  disposed,  as  was  shown  in  the  late 
search  for  the  Hungarian  MSS.,  yet  there  is  no 
particular  reason  to  be  sanguine  of  finding  Euro- 
pean MSS.  of  value,  any  more  than  in  the  Hun- 
garian case.  HYDE  CLARKE. 
196,  Piccadilly. 

COOTE,  EARL  OF  BELLAMONT  (3rd  S.  v.  845.)  — 
The  barony  of  Colloony  was  conferred  in  1660, 
the  earldom  of  Bellamont  in  1689,  and  the  titles 
became  extinct  in  1 800.  The  arms  were :  Arg.  a 
chev.  between  three  coots  sa.,  beaked  and  memb. 
gu.,  in  chief  a  mullet  or.  Crest.  A  coot,  as  in 
the  arms ;  supporters,  two  wolves  erm. 

J.  WOODWARD. 

New  Shoreham. 

QUOTATION  WANTED  (3rd  S.  iv.  499;  v.  62, 
469.)— 

*  God  and  the  Doctor  we  alike  adore." 

The  true  version  of  this  epigram  is  to  be  found 
in  the  Works  of  John  Owen  of  Oxford.  My  edi- 
tion is  Elzevir,  1647.  The  book  is  rather  rare. 

"  Intrantis  medici  facies  tres  esse  videntur 
-^Egrotanti ;  hominis,  Dsemonis,  atque  Dei. 
Cnm  primum  accessit  medicus  dixitque  salutem, 
«En  Deus,'  aut,  'custos  angelus,'  seger  ait. 
Cum  morbura  medicina  fugaverit,  *  ecce  homo,' 

clam  at. 
Cum  poscit  medicus  praemia,  '  Vade  Satan ! ' " 

H.H. 

QUOTATION  FOUND  (3rd  S.  v.  378.)  — 

"Thisbooke, 

When  Brasse  and  Marble  faile,  shall  make  tb.ee  looke 
Fresh  to  all  Ages." 

These  lines  are  from  the  "  Commendatory  Verses  " 
to  the  "  Memorie  of  the  deceased  Author,  Maister 
W.  Shakespeare,"  prefixed  to  the  folio  of  1623. 

ESTE. 

WHITTLED  DOWN  (3rd  S.  v.  435.)  —  I  question 
whether  this  expression  was  in  common  use. 
I  rather  think  Walpole  uses  it  merely  metaphor- 
ically. Whittle,  both  in  its  substantive  and  verbal 
forms,  has  always  been  used  in  Scotland  and  in 
the  North  of  England.  To  white  is  very  common 
in  Scotland  (I  can  only  speak,  however,  of  the 
West). 

In  reading  the  note,  it  struck  me  that  whit, 
"  not  a  whit "  might  mean  literally  "  not  a  whit- 
tling," "  not  a  chip."  The  family  is  a  very  nu- 
merous one  in  our  language,  and  has  many 
branches.  White,  Withe,  Wither,  &c.  &e.— the 
cant  word  too,  witcher  =  silver,  white  metal.  Is 
there  any  possibility  of  connecting  wit,  and  kin, 
with  the  family  under  notice.  Whit  =  a.  point, 
that  which  is  whittled  to  a  point ;  wight=quick, 
sharp ;  a  wit,  is  a  quick,  sharp,  person  ;  so  needs 
a  witch  to  be  sharp  and  cunning,  kenn'mg.  But  I 


forbear,  lest  I  draw  down  the  withering  wite  of 
professional  word-twisters.  By  the  way,  there  is 
great  confusion  in  the  early  uses  of  7Ftfe=blame, 
Quite=to  requite,  and  Quit,  in  its  various  mean- 
ings and  compounds.  J.  D.  CAMPBELL. 

HERALDIC  QUERY  (3rd  S.  v.  478.) — The  names 
of  the  arms  inquired  after  by  MR.  W.  J.  BERNHARD 
SMITH  of  the  Temple  will  be  found,  upon  consul- 
tation with  Burke's  Armoury,  to  correspond  with 
the  respective  surnames  of  Hill  and  Graham. 

H.  GWYN. 

RICHARDSON  (3rd  S.  v.  72,  123,  165.)  — I  am 
greatly  obliged  to  SIR  THOMAS  WINNINGTON  and 
C.  J.  R.  for  their  information.  I  stated  that 
Conon  Richardson  was  Abbot  of  Pershore  on  the 
authority  of  a  MS.  in  the  College  of  Arms,  of 
the  date  1633-4,  marked  C.  24.  2.  It  is  there 
stated  that  "  Conon  Richardson,  sometime  Abbot 
of  Parshore  in  Com.  Worcester,  and  married 
after  the  desolution  the  daughter  of  Mr.  Pates  of 
Bredon,  co.  Vigorn,  &c."  I  find  at  p.  72  there 
are  three  erroneous  statements:  1.  Henry  Rich- 
ardson was  living,  not  buried,  A.D.  1634;  2.  his 
wife  was  daughter  of  Anthony  Nicholles,  not 
Nicholls ;  and  3.  the  wife  of  William  Richardson 
was  daughter  of  Robert  Kerrison,  not  Harrison. 
The  above-named  Henry  Richardson's  signature 
is  on  the  document  I  have  referred  to.  Probably 
a  further  light  could  be  thrown  on  the  pedigree 
by  a  search  amongst  the  wills  in  the  Probate 
Court  and  in  the  District  Courts  of  Worcester, 
Gloucester,  and  perhaps  Bristol,  and  very  pro- 
bably additional  information  could  be  obtained 
from  the  invaluable  collection  of  Sir  Thomas 
Phillipps,  but  for  the  present  I  am  unable  to  avail 
myself  oif  any  of  those  sources  of  information. 
Capt.,  afterwards  Major  Edward  Richardson,  died 
about  A.D.  1698.  He  was  the  ancestor  of  the 
Richardsons  of  Richhill,  co.  Armagh. 

I  find  on  reference  to  Foss's  Judges  and  to 
Manning's  Lives  of  the  Speakers,  that  Sir  Thomas 
Richardson,  Ch.  J.  C.  P.,  and  afterwards  of  K.  B., 
was  son  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Thos.  Richardson  of 
Mulbarton,  Norfolk ;  was  born  at  Hardwick, 
July  3,  1559,  and  died  4  Feb.  1635.  His  second 
wife  was  created  Baroness  Cramond,  with  re- 
mainder to  his  children  by  his  first  wife.  The 
title  became  extinct  in  1735. 

H.  LOFTUS  TOTTENHAM. 

DUCHAYLA  (3rd  S.  v.  477.)— Charles  Dominique 
Marie  Blanquet  Du  Chayla  was  an  early  pupil  of 
the  Polytechnic  School,  which  he  entered  in  1795, 
three  years  before  Poisson.  He  was  afterwards  a 
naval  engineer — ojficier  de  genie  maritime— and 
finally  became  Inspector- General  of  the  Univer- 
sity. I  doubt  if  his  name  would  appear  in  a 
biographical  dictionary  :  and,  unless  there  be 
something  of  his  in  the  Correspondance  sur  VE'cole 
Polytechnique,  one  of  the  hardest  to  get  of  modern 


528 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3rd  s.  V.  JUNE  25,  '64. 


mathematical  works,  it  is  likely  that  his  cele- 
brated proof  of  the  composition  of  forces  is  his 
only  memorial.  This  proof  was  published,  so  far 
as  I  know  for  the  first  time,  by  Poisson,  in  the 
first  edition  of  his  work  on  mechanics.  This,  and 
its  own  ingenuity,  has  given  it  European  circula- 
tion. Poisson  has  preserved,  in  the  same  way, 
the  name  of  M.  Deflers,  Professor  in  the  College 
Bourbon,  attached  to  a  verification  of  Fourier's 
celebrated  definite  integral.  Of  M.  Deflers  I 
know  nothing  more.  A.  DE  MORGAN. 

TOMBSTONES  AND  MEMORIALS. — The  note  (3rd 
S.  v.  408)  is  another  instance  of  the  frightful  way 
in  which  the  memorials  of  our  forefathers  are 
being  obliterated  by  the  so-called  "  restorers  "  of 
our  old  edifices.  Some  stand  should  be  made 
against  this  wholesale  destruction.  I  heard  an 
architect  state  that  he  always  first  swept  away 
the  "  Pagan "  works,  before  he  took  any  pains 
about  the  restoration  of  the  building.  Could  not 
the  architect  be  indited  under  some  ecclesiastical 
law  ?  Or,  does  the  bishop's  faculty  (when  ob- 
tained) cover  all  such  abuses  ?  W.  P. 

FUNERAL  AND  TOMB  OF  QUEEN  ELIZABETH 
(3*  S.  v.  434.)— Part  of  this  statement  has  already 
appeared  in  Walpole's  Anecdotes  of  Painters,  fyc., 
Wornum's  edition,  1862,  p.  195.  Maximilian 
Powtran,  Poutraine,  also  called  Colt,  or  Colte,  was 
master  sculptor  to  the  monarchs  James  I.  and 
Charles  I.  No  doubt,  he  was  the  designer  of  this 
work ;  but  Walpole  adds  that  John  de  Critz,  "  I 
suppose,  gave  the  design  of  the  tomb."  De  Critz 
was  a  painter  and  decorator  attached  to  the  house- 
hold of  both  the  above-named  monarchs.  There 
is  plenty  of  painting  and  gilding  about  the  tomb 
to  cost  the  100Z.  mentioned. 

WYATT  PAPWORTH. 

HENRY  BUDD  (3rd  S.  v.  417.)  —From  the  Re- 
cords of  the  Royal  Court  of  Guernsey,  I  find  that 
this  gentleman  was  living  in  the  island  in  May, 
1755,  at  which  time  he  bought  two  fields ;  and 
that  for  many  years  after  this  date,  he  was  en- 
gaged in  commerce,  and  made  other  purchases  of 
real  property.  On  the  llth  of  June,  1766,  he 
was  sworn  Receiver  of  the  Revenues  of  the  Crown 
in  the  island,  and  held  this  office  until  the  29th  of 
October,  1768 ;  shortly  after  which  time  he  fell 
into  pecuniary  difficulties.  He  was  alive  in  Feb- 
ruary, 1782  ;  was  absent  from  the  island  on  the 
13th  of  May  following,  when  proceedings  were 
taken  against  him  by  his  creditors;  and  must 
have  died  before  the  9th  of  December,  for  on  this 
day  proceedings  were  commenced  against  his  real 
property  in  the  island,  of  which  his  brother  Wil- 
liana  Budd  had  declared  himself  heir  "sous 
benefice  d'inventaire." 

e  It  seems  to  have  been  his  intention  to  publish  a 
history  of  Guernsey,  for  in  the  list  of  the  claims 


of  his   creditors  is   to  be   found   the   following 
item :  — 

"  Isaac  Dobre'e,  Ecr,  a  de'clare'  lui  etre  du  une  Guinee 
qu'il  avan9a  pour  la  soubscription  de  1'histoire  de  1'ile  de 
Guernesey." 

Can  S.  Y.  R.  inform  me  what  became  of  the 
collections  made  by  Henry  Budd  for  his  proposed 
history?  Berry  has  mixed  up  so  much  extra- 
neous matter  with  his  work,  that  it  is  anything 
but^a  history  of  the  island;  nevertheless,  there 
are  indications  in  it  of  his  having  had  some  valu- 
able materials  before  him,  if  he  had  known  how 
to  use  them.  EDGAR  MAC  CULLOCH. 

Guernsey. 

There  was  a  Henry  Budd,  Esq.,  of  35,  Russell 
Square,  and  Maine  Parade,  Brighton  (1831),  and 
subsequently  of  Pepper  Park,  Reading,  Berks,  who 
died  Jan.  10, 1862 ;  Charlotte,  his  wife,  having  died 
Jan.  30, 1848.  Their  eldest  son,  Richard,  died  Jan. 
26, 1830 ;  Emmeline,  youngest  daughter,  April  18, 
1851 ;  and  Charlotte,  the  eldest  daughter,  Sept. 
28,  1854.  These  dates  I  take  from  a  handsome 
mausoleum,  about  twenty  feet  high,  at  the  ex- 
treme north  end  of  the  churchyard  of  St.  Matthew, 
Brixton  Road.  Inscribed  on  its  north  face  is,  — 
"  Richard  Budd,  Esq.,  born  in  this  parish  Nov. 
26,  1748,  and  late  of  Russell  Square,  London, 
died  July  8,  1824.,  This  Mausoleum  was  erected 
as  a  memorial  of  affection  to  a  respected  parent 
by  his  youngest  son,  Henry  Budd,  Esq." 

T.  C.  N. 

ORIGIN  or  PRIOR'S  "THIEF  AND  CORDELIER" 
(3rd  S.v.  475.) — A.  A.  will  find  the  epigram,  be- 
ginning "  Bardellam  monachus,"  in  the  first  book 
of  Owen's  Epigrams,  123.  A  translation  is  given 
in  Booth's  Epigrams,  Ancient  and  Modern,  p.  52  ; 
but  without  the  author's  name.  But  it  is  not  im- 
probable that  Prior  got  some  of  his  ideas  from 
another  epigram  by  Georgius  Sabinus,  a  friend  of 
Luther,  which  runs  as  follows  :  — 

"  De  Sacerdote  Furem  consolante. 
"  Quidam  sacrificus  furem  comitatus  euntem, 

Hue  ubi  dat  sontes  carnificina  neces, 
4  Ne  sis  mcestus,'  ait, '  sumini  conviva  Tonantis, 

Jam  cum  coelitibus  (si  modo  credis)  eris.' 
Hie  gemens, '  Si  vera  mihi  solatia  praebes, 

Hospes  apud  superos  sis  meus  oro,'  refert. 
Sacrificus  contra :  '  Mihi  non  convivia  fas  est 
Ducere,  jejunans  h&c  edo  luce  nihil." 

J.  B.  D. 

PARADIN'S  "DEVISES  HEROIQUES"  (3rd  S.  v. 
485.) — It  may  possibly  be  of  some  use  to  mention 
that  I  possess  a  copy  of  this  work,  published  at 
Lyons  in  1557  ;  and  that,  from  the  date  appended 
to  the  dedication,  it  would  appear  to  have  been 
the  first  edition.  A  copy  was  sold  to  a  London 
bookseller  by  Messrs.  Sotheby  &  Wilkinson  for 
II.  10s.,  June  21,  1860.  ABHBA. 

HEWITT  FAMILY  (2nd  S.  vi.  326,  331,  421,  460, 
465.)  —  Will  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  who  is 


3*  S.  V.  JUNE  25,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


529 


making  extracts  from  wills  in  Doctors'  Commons, 
kindly  furnish  me  with  genealogical  extracts  from 
the  wills  below  mentioned,  to  enable  me  to  un- 
ravel the  tangled  threads  of  the  descent  of  the 
houses  named  in  2nd  S.  vi.  465  ;  with  the  view  of 
assisting  in  the  compilation  of  my  history  of  the 
houses,  the  pedigree  of  families,  and  biographical 
notes  of  individuals  ?  I  shall  be  happy  to  reim- 
burse any  expenditure  involved  in  the  search. 
And  as  this  is  a  matter  of  private,  and  not 
public  interest,  and  the  information  if  inserted  in 
"  N.  &  Q."  would  only  needlessly  occupy  valuable 
space,  I  append  my  address. 
Wills. 

Wm.  Hewett,  cloth  worker,  obiit  June  1599 ;  buried  at 
St.  Paul's. 

John,  obiit  1602. 

Sallomon,  or  Solomon,  obiit  1603. 

Francis,  obiit  1587. 

J.  F.  N.  H. 

Velindor  House,  Trevine,  Haverfordwest. 

CURIOUS  SIGN  MANUAL  (3rd  S.  v.  436.)  — In 
reply  to  H.  C.  I  may  state  that,  as  a  Land  Com- 
missioner in  Turkey,  I  have  seen  the  thumb 
dipped  in  ink,  and  applied  as  a  signature  to  a 
conveyance  or  land-receipt  by  low-class  Mus- 
sulmans, and  by  the  rayah  Greek  landowners. 
This  is  a  usual  way ;  but  there  are  few  Mussul- 
mans without  a  signet,  such  as  are  sold  cheap 
in  the  market  ready  made  (Mahomed,  Ahmed, 
Mustafa,  &c.)  ;  and  the  Greeks  very  often  sign 
with  a  cross.  It  is  only  of  late  that  any  rayah 
Greek  can  write  his  name  in  Greek. 

HYDE  CLAUKK. 

196  A,  Piccadilly. 

BURTON  FAMILY  (3rd  S.  v.  140.)  —May  I  be 
allowed  to  thank  MR.  SYKES  for  his  information 
respecting  the  Burtons  of  Weston-under-Wood, 
which  was  particularly  interesting  to  me,  as  it 
tended  to  confirm  and  throw  light  on  some  points 
in  the  genealogy  which  I  was  anxious  to  have 
cleared  up.  I  should  be  glad  to  know  whether 
any  mention  of  the  family  occurs  in  the  heraldic 
Visitations  for  Derbyshire.  E.  H.  A. 

GLASS  (3rd  S.  v.  400.)  —The  following  extract 
is  taken  from  Strype's  edition  of  Stow's  Survey  of 
London,  fol.,  1720,  p.  8  :  — 

"  These  Saxons  were  likewise  (as  the  Britons  were) 
ignorant  of  the  Architecture  or  Building  with  Stone,  until 
the  year  of  Christ  DCLXXX.  For  there  it  is  affirmed  that 
Benet,  Abbot  of  Wirral,  master  to  the  Reverend  Bede, 
first  brought  Masons  and  Workmen  in  Stone  into  this 
Island  among  the  Saxons." 

This  appears  to  give  the  date  wanted,  but  the 
original  authority  is  not  stated.  A.D.  674  is  the 
date  usually  given.  W.  P. 

LORD  CLONMELL'S  " DIARY"  (3rd  S.  v.  477.)  — 
In  answer  to  your  correspondent  ABHBA,  relative 
to  Lord  Clonmel's  Diary,  I  beg  to  say  that  I  have 


seen  at  least  four,  if  not  five  copies  of  such  a  pub- 
lication. I  believe  that  it  never  was  regularly 
sold  as  a  publication;  but  was  printed  by  Lord 
Clonmel  for  distribution  solely  amongst  his  own 
private  friends.  As  an  Irish  judge  and  politician, 
his  Lordship  occupied  a  foremost,  if  not  a  very 
distinguished  place.  He  was  not  a  man  of  genius, 
and  hardly  of  talent ;  but  he  acted  in  stormy  and 
perilous  times,  and  his  antagonistic  feeling  to  his 
great  rival  Lord  Clare  (the  Irish  Chancellor),  in- 
duced him  to  put  forth  all  his  powers.  From  a 
perusal  of  his  Diary,  I  should  say  that  he  was  a 
selfish  man,  whose  maxim  was  "  Apres  moi  le 
deluge."  He  was  a  wine-bibber  and  a  gourmand 
to  an  extravagant  extent;  and  a  great  deal  of 
his  Diary  is  occupied  with  abuse  of  Lord  Clare, 
and  in  praise  or  dispraise  of  the  dinner  he  ate  the 
day  before. 

Some  years  ago  (1857),  Sotheby  sold  three 
copies  of  this  unique  but  not  very  respectable 
production.  I  believe  that  Cambridge  possesses 
a  copy,  that  the  Duke  of  Devonshire  possesses 
another,  and  that,  more  recently,  the  Dublin 
University  Library  (or  Dublin  Society,  I  know 
not  which,)  has  purchased  another  —  at  the  enor- 
mous price  of  561.  EPHRAIM  W.  M'MINIMIE. 
Sadholt  Cottage,  Clondalkin. 

ERRONEOUS  MONUMENTAL  INSCRIPTIONS  IN 
BRISTOL  (3rd  S.  v.  289,  368.)  —  MR.  PRYCE  seems 
to  doubt  the  identity  of  Col.  John  Porter,  the 
eldest  brother  of  the  Misses  Porter,  with  the  "  un- 
fortunate officer,"  J.  B.  Porter,  whose  death  in 
Castle  Rushen  prison  is  mentioned  in  the  volume 
of  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  to  which  I  before 
referred.  I  was  always  under  the  impression  that 
John  Porter,  originally  an  officer  in  the  army, 
having  afterwards  gone  out  as  a  merchant  to  An- 
tigua, there  fell  a  victim  to  its  dangerous  climate. 
The  Bristol  inscription,  however,  asserts  that  he 
died  in  the  Isle  of  Man,  though,  as  I  have  shown 
by  an  extract  from  one  of  Miss  Porter's  letters, 
the  date  is  given  incorrectly.  I  cannot  help 
coming  to  the  conclusion,  that  the  "  merchant  in 
the  West  Indies,"  having  probably  been  unfortu- 
nate in  business,  must  have  returned  home,  and 
was  the  "  J.  B.  Porter "  noticed  in  Mr.  Urban's 
pages.  The  second  initial  probably  stood  for 
Blenkinsop,  which  was  his  mother's  maiden  name. 
Dr.  Porter  of  Bristol  is  described  on  his  first  wife's 
tombstone  at  Durham,  as  simply  William  Porter, 
M.D.,  though  it  appears  he  also  had  a  second 
name,  viz.,  Ogilvie.  Both  John  and  William  were 
early  in  life  withdrawn  from  their  mother's  charge, 
which  may  account  for  the  younger  portion  of  the 
family  not  being  aware  perhaps  of  the  embarrassed 
state  of  John's  affairs.  In  referring  to  ,his  decease 
in  the  above  named  letter,  Miss  Porter  goes  on  to 
say,  "  He  was  not  brought  up  with  us  like  Robert, 
nevertheless  we  loved  him  as  a  brother,  and  mourn 
him  as  such."  DUNELMENSIS. 


530 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[3'd  S.  V.  JUNK  25,  '64. 


JOHN  HALL,  B.D.  (3rd  S.  v.  496.)  -John  Hall, 
B.A.,  was  elected  a  Fellow  of  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge,  1658,  commenced  M.A.  in  due  course, 
and  proceeded  B.D.  1666.  On  July  11,  1664,  he 
was  collated  to  the  prebend  of  Isledon,  in  the 
church  of  St.  Paul,  as  he  was,  Feb.  20,  1665-6,  to 
the  rectory  of  S.  Christopher  le  Stocks,  London. 
On  Oct.  5,  1666,  be  was  collated  to  the  rectory  of 
Finchley,  Middlesex.  On  March  21,  1666-7,  he 
exchanged  the  prebend  of  Isledon  for  that  ot 
Holywell,  alias  Finsbury.  He  was  president  of 
Sion  College,  1694,  and  died  towards  the  close  of 
1707.  Watt  thus  describes  his  work :  —  "  Jacob's 
Ladder,  or  a  Book  of  Salvations  (!),  8vo,  London, 
1676."  Mr.  Hall  contributed  to  the  rebuilding  of 
St.  Paul's,  and  was  also,  to  a  small  extent,  a  bene- 
factor to  Sion  College,  but  we  do  not  find  his 
Jacob's  Ladder  in  Reading  s  Catalogue  of  the 
library  of  that  institution. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

RAINE'S  MARRIAGE  PORTION  or  £100  (3rd  S.  v. 
475.) — This  account  reminds  me  of  a  similar  por- 
tion which  is  given  by  the  Quarterly  Meeting  of 
the  Society  of  Friends  in  the  south  of  Ireland,  .to 
young  women,  members  of  the  Society,  who  have 
lived  for  three  years  either  as  family  servants,  or 
assistants  in  business  to  members  of  the  Society, 
on  their  marriage  with  members  of  said  Society. 
The  portion  given  is  also  100Z.  L.  J.  F. 

RICHARD  BENTLEY,  D.D.  (3rd  S.  v.  509.)— Your 
correspondent,  who  is  struck  by  the  little  pains 
ordinary  readers  take  to  verify  their  statements, 
will  not,  we  hope,  be  offended  at  our  pointing  out 
that  Richard  Bentley  the  critic  never  was  librarian 
of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge.  He  was  master  of 
that  distinguished  society  for  above  forty  years. 
Although  for  a  long  period  Archdeacon  of  Ely,  he 
was  never  Dean  of  Ely. 

C.  H.  &  THOMPSON  COOPER. 

Cambridge. 

INSCRIPTION  AT  PORCHESTER  (3rd  S.  v.  479.) — 
The  lines  copied  from  a  monument  in  this  church 
are  taken  from  Dr.  Young's  Night  Thoughts, 
Night  v.  line  600.  ZETA. 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS,  ETC. 
Calendar  of  State  Papers.    Domestic  Series  of  the  Reign 

of  Charles  /.,   1634—1635,  preserved  in  Her  Majesty's 

Public  Record  Office.     Edited  by  John  Bruce,  F.S.A. 

(Longman.) 

"The  period  comprised  within  the  present  volume 
was,"  as  Mr.  Bruce  truly  observes,  "  fertile  in  important 
changes,"  which  are  clearly  reflected  in  the  documents 
here  calendared.  No  wonder,  then,  that  such  volume 
should  be  one  of  great  importance,  for  the  new  materials 
whiqh  it  contains  for  the  general  history  of  the  time,  as  it 


s  scarcely  of  less  importance  for  the  light  it  throws  upon 
;he  characters  of  many  remarkable  men.  Future  bio- 
graphers of  Sir  Robert  Naunton — Sir  Robert  Heath — of 
•he  facetious  Lord  Chief  Justice  of  the  King's  Bench,  Sir 
Thomas  Richardson — Sir  Edward  Coke  (whose  squabble 
with  his  second  wife  Lady  Hatton,  and  his  alleged  breach 
of  faith  with  her,  as  here  detailed,  are  painful  to  contem- 
plate)— Selden  and  Attorney-General  Noy — will  find  in 
:,he  Calendar  references  to  papers  which  will  be  of  the 
greatest  service  to  them.  While  those  who  are  investigat- 
ng  our  social  progress,  will  find  abundant  amusement  and 
nstruction  among  the  various  records  now  really  first 
made  available  by  this  useful  guide.  Like  all  the  preced- 
.ng  Calendars,  for  which  we  have  been  indebted  to  Mr. 
Bruce,  the  present  is  set  off  by  a  pleasant,  instructive,  and 
well- written  Preface;  and  completed  by  a  full  and  ac- 
curate Index. 

The  Plays  of  William  Shakespeare.     Carefully  edited  by 
Thomas  Keightley.     Vols.  I.  and  II.    (Bell  &  Daldy.)  - 

We  have  here  the  first  two  volumes  of  a  Pocket  Shak- 
speare  (to  be  completed  in  six),  which  will  be  welcome 
to  all  who  love  to  make  a  volume  of  the  poet's  works 
their  companion  in  a  quiet  country  stroll,  or  when  taking 
their  ease  at  their  inn.  Beautifully  printed  by  Whit- 
tingham,  this  compact  yet  handsome  edition  puts  forth 
the  additional  temptation  of  being  edited  by  a  gentleman 
who  has  made  our  older  poets  the  study  of  many  years. 
Mr.  Keightley's  text  may  not  perhaps  command  universal 
acceptance,  but  it  will  be  recognised  by  all  as  that  of  an 
accomplished  scholar. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price.  &c.,  of  the  following  Book  to  be  sent  direct  to  the 
gentleman  by  whom  it  is  required,  whose  name  and  address  are  given 
for  that  purpose:  — 
HOARB'S  ANCIENT  WILLS.    Vol.  II.,  .or  Farts  IV.  and  V. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  Wm.  Cunninyton,  Hilworth,  Devizes. 


t0 

JAMES  II.  AT   FEVERSHAM.— Thanks  to  the  courtesy  of  Sir  Norton 
Knatchbull,  We  shall  next  week  lay  before  Our  Readers  another  contem- 
porary notice  of  this  event,  in  an  extract  from  the  MS.  wedited  Diary  of 
Sir  John  Knatchbull,  ihe  then  Baronet;  and  the  same  Number,  the  first 
of  a  new  volume,  among  other  papers  of  interest,  will  Contain  - 
DR.  JOHNSON,  by  Mr.  Markland. 
EXTRACTS  PROM  EAKLY  MSS.  CONCERNING  Awo«Na,&y  Sir  Henry 

Ellis. 

THE  RUTBVEK  FAMILT. 
WILLIAM  GOHNALL. 
CORNISH  PROVERBS. 

AN  ANCESTOR  OF  COUNT  DB  MONTALBHBERT. 
THK  LEANING  TOWER  OP  PISA. 
THB  HIGH  COMMISSION  COURT,  qc. 

THE  INDEX  to  the  Volume  now  completed  will  be  issued  on  Saturday, 
July  16th,  and  copies  of  the  complete  volume  will  be  ready  on  Mon- 
day 18th. 

B.  C.  L.  The  clock-dial  over  the  leading  articles  of  The  Times  points 
to  the  hour  of  publication. 

Q.  Q.  Alnager  or  Aulnager,  a  public  sworn  officer  of  the  King's, 
whowdutv  wal  to  examine  into  the  Assize  of  Cloths,  and  to  collect. thr 
aulnage  duty  granted  to  the  King  on  all  cloths  sold.  The  name  is  derived 
from  the  French  aulne,  an  ell. 

***  Cases  for  binding  the  volumes  o/"N.  &  Q."  may  be  had  of  Me 
Publisher,  and  of  all  Booksellers  and  Newsmen. 

A  Reading  Case  for  holding  the  weekly  Nos.  of  "  N.  &  Q/'  is  now 
ready,  and  maybe  had  of  all  Booksellers  and  Newsmen,  price  Is.  6d.  5 
or,  free  by  post,  direct  from  the  publisher,  for  Is.  8cf. 

"NOTES  AND  QUERIES"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  MONTHLY  PARTS.  The  Subscription  for  STAMPED  COPIES  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  f  "blither  (including  the  llatf- 
yearlu  INDEX)  is  Us.  4d.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order, 
payable  at  the  Strand  Post  Office,  in  favour  of  WILLIAM  G.  SMITH,  32, 
WELLINGTON  STRFBT,  STRAND,  W.C.,  to  whom  all  COMMUNICATIONS  FOR 
THE  EDITOR  should  be  addressed. 

"NOTES  &  QUBRWS"  is  registered  for  transmission  abroad. 


3'*  S.  V.  JUNE  25,  '64.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ESTABLISHED  1842. 

WESTERN,    MANCHESTER    AND  LONDON, 

fV     AND  METROPOLITAN  COUNTIES  LITE  ASSURANCE 
AND  ANNUITY  SOCIETY. 

CHIBF  OFMCM  :  5,  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  LONDON,  and 
77, KING  STREET,  MANCHESTER. 


H.E.Bicknell.Eaq. 

T.Somers  Cocke,Esq.,M.A.,J.P. 

Qeo.  H.  Drew,  Esq.,  M.A. 

John  Fisher,  Esq. 

W.  Freeman,  Esq. 

Charles  Frere, 


Directors. 

The  Hon.  R.  E.  Howard,  D.C.L. 


Henry  P.  Fuller,  Esq. 

J.  H.  Qoodhart.Esq.,  J.P. 

J.  T.  Hibbert,  Esq.,M.A., M.P. 

peter  Hood,  Esq. 


James  Hunt,  Esq. 
John  Leigh,  Esq. 


Edm.  Lucas,  Esq. 
F.  B.  Marson,  Esq. 
E.  VansittartNeale,  Esq., M.A. 
Bon  am  y  Price,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Jas.  Ly  s  Seager ,  Esq. 
Thomas  Statter,  Esq. 
John  B.  White,  Esq. 
Henry  Wilbraham,  Esq.,  M.A. 
Actuary Arthur  Scratchley,  M.A. 

Attention  is  particularly  invited  to  the  VALUABLE  NEW  PRIN- 
CIPLE by  which  Policies  effected  in  this  Office  do  NOT  become  VOID 
through  the  temporary  inability  of  the  Assurer  to  pay  a  Premium,  as 
permission  is  given  upon  application  to  suspend  the  payment  at  in- 
terest, according  to  the  conditions  stated  in  the  Society  s  Prospectus. 

The  attention  of  the  Public  is  confidently  invited  to  the  several 
Tables  and  peculiar  Advantages  offered  to  the  Assurers,  which  will  be 
found  fully  detailed  in  the  Prospectus. 

It  will  be  observed,  that  the  Kates  of  Premium  are  BO  low  as  to 
afford  at  once  an  IMMEDIATE  BO.VCS  to  the  Assured,  when  compared 
with  the  Rates  of  most  other  Companies. 

The  next  Division  of  Bonus  will  be  made  in  1864.  Persons  entering 
within  the  present  year  will  secure  an  additional  proportion. 

MBDICAI.  MBN  are  remunerated,  in  all  cases,  for. their  Reports  to  the 
Society. 

No  CHARGE  MADE  FOR  POLICY  STAMPS. 

The  Rates  of  ENDOWMENTS  granted  to  young  lives,  and  of  AKNUITIBS 
to  old  lives,  are  liberal.  Q 

Now  ready,  price  1 4«. 

MR.  SCRATCHLEY'S  MANUAL  TREATISE 

on  SAVINGS  BANKS,  containing  a  Review  of  their  Past  History  and 
Present  Condition,  and  of  Legislation  on  the  Subject;  together  with 
much  Legal,  Statistical,  and  Financial  Information,  for  the  use  of 
Trustees, Managers,  and  Actuaries. 

London:  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  LONGMAN  &  ROBERTS. 

OSTEO       E  2   D   O   II. 

Patent,  March  1, 1862,  No.  560. 

rtABRIEL'S    SELF-ADHESIVE    TEETH   and 

\T  SOFT  GUMS  without  springs  or  palates,  are  warranted  to  suc- 
ceed even  when  all  highly-lauded  inventions  have  failed.  Purest  ma- 
terials and  first-class  workmanship  warranted,  and  supplied  at  half 
the  usual  costs. 

MESSRS.  GABRIEL, 

THE  OLD   ESTABLISHED   DENTISTS, 
27,  Harley  Street,  Cavendish  Square,  and  34,  Ludgate  Hill,  London: 

134,  Duke  Street, Liverpool;  65,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 
Consultations  gratis.    For  an  explanation  of  their  various  improve- 
^^ 

ia  Europe'  fr°m  4  to  7« 10  •"* 16 


CBOCOZ.AT  —  1VC  E  OT  I E  R. 

(Manufactured  only  in  France.) 

T<HE   HEALTHIEST,    BEST,  and  most  DELI- 

All o,  especially  manufactured  for  eating  as  ordinary  sweetmeat*, 

Chocolate  Creams.       I  Chocolate  Nougat.        I    Chocolate  Pralin^ 
Chocolate  Almonds.   |  Chocolate  Pistucheg.     |    Chocolate  Pastilles. 
Chocolate  Croquettes  and  Chocolate  Liqueres  (very  delicate) 
•ale,E.  GUENIN,  ^.  Clianc^ry  Lane,  London.    Retail, by  all 

[OLLOWAY'S  PILLS  are  admirably  adapted  for 

the  removal  of  all  diseases  which  have  their  origin  in  disordered 
Ion.  .They  are  well  suited  to  all  classes  and  conditions-aV  corn- 
to  give  comfort  to  the  wealthy  as  ease  and  strength  to  tat  pSSr. 
'••Us  will  be  found  an  agreeable  ai.d  efficient  re.nedy  by  invalids 
nds  and  bodies  are  enervated  and  exhausted  from  excess,  over 

t^ake  thP>fi«'p-(?r'!''nuresldent:e-    Kereons  liable  to  bi'ioui»  attacks  should 
Pills;  they  cause  ench  seizure  to  be  less  severe,  the  nausea 
.ihousness  will  eradualJy  he  removed,  and  good  digestion  with 
ulth  be  regained.     To  arid  to  the  merits  of  Holloway's 
risk  or  danger  attends  its  use— no  weakness  follows  its 


at  5,  5i,   and  6   PER  CENT., 

I  Y,  LIMITED.  "  ' 


Duncan  James  Kay,  Esq. 
Stephen  P.  Kennard,  Esq. 
Patrick  F.Robertson,  Esq. 
Robert  Smith,  Esq. 


DEBENTURES 
CEYLON  COMPANY,  LIMITED.  Subscribed  Capital,  «350,000. 

DIRECTORS. 

Lawford  Acland,  Esq.,  Chairman. 
Major-General     Henry    Pelham 

Burn. 

Harry  George  Gordon,  Esq. 
George  Ireland,  Esq. 

MANAOER_C.  J.  Braine,Esq. 

The  Directors  are  prepared  to  issue  Debentures  for  one,  three,  and 
five  years,  at  5,  Si,  and  6  per  cent,  respectively.  They  are  also  prepared 
to  invest  money  or  mortgaze  in  Ceylon  and  Mauritius,  either  with  or 
without  the  Guarantee  of  the  Company,  as  may  be  arranged. 

Applications  for  particulars  to  be  made  at  the  Ofiice  of  the  Company, 
No.  12,  Leadenhail  street,  London,  E.C. 

By  Order,  JOHN  ANDERSON,  Secretary. 


BROWN  AND  POLSON'S 

PATENT     CORN      FLOUR, 
Packets,  8<Z. 
GUARANTEED  PERFECTLY  PURE, 

is  a  favourite 
DIET  FOR  CHILDREN, 

and  much  approved 
For  PUDDINGS,  CUSTARDS,  &c. 

STARCH  MANUFACTURERS 
TO  H.R.H.  THE  PRINCESS  OF  WALES. 

PLENFIELD    PATENT   STARCH, 

XT  Used  in  the  Royal  Laundry. 

And  awarded  the  Prize  Medal,  1862. 
Sold  by  all  Grocers, Chandlers,  &c.,  &c. 


THHE  PATENT  NEW  FILTER.— Dr.  Grant  says: 

JL  "  As  pure  water  is  of  such  great  importance,  it  is  desirable  to  know 
that  Mr.  Lipscombe  is  by  tar  tbe  most  experienced  and  best  of  all  the 
filter  makers."  Can  only  be  had  at  Mr.  Lipscombe's  Filter  Office,  233, 
Strand.  Prospectus  free. 

BOND'S     PERMANENT   MARKING   INK. — 
The  original  invention,  established  1821,  for  marking  CRESTS, 
MES,  INITIALS,  upon  household  linen,  wearing  apparel,  &c. 
N.B.— Owing  to  the  great  repute  in  which  this  Ink  is  held  by  families, 
outfitters,  &c.,  inferior  imitations  are  often  sold  to  the  public,  which  do 
not  possess  any  of  its  celebrated  qualities.    Purchasers  should  there- 
fore be  careful  to  observe  the  address  on  the  label,  10,  BlbUOPSGATE- 
STREET  WITHIN,  E.C.,  without  which  the  Ink  is  not  genuine. 
Sold  by  all  respectable  chemists,  stationers.  &c.,  in  the  United  King- 
dom, price  Is.  per  bottle;  no  6d.  size  ever  made. 

NOTICE.—  REMOVED  from  28,  Long  Lane  (where  it  has  been 
established  nearly  half  a  century),  to 

10,  BISHOPSGATE  STREET  WITHIN,  E.C. 


CHUBB'S    LOCKS    and  FIREPROOF  SAFES, 
with  all  the  newest  improvements.    Street-door  Latches,  Cash  and 
Deed  Boxes.   Full  illustrated  price  lists  sent  free. 

CHUBB  &  SON,  57,  St.  Paul's  Churchyard,  London;  27,  Lord  Street, 
Liverpool;   16,  Market  Street,  Manchester;  and   Horseley  Fields, 


Wolverhampton. 


"  T1ECONNOITERER"  GLASS,  9s.  6d.l   Weighs 

JLV  8oz.,  shows  distinctly  the  windows  and  doors  of  houses  ten 
miles  off,  Jupiter's  Moons,  &c.;  as  a  Landscape  Glass  is  valuable  for 
twenty-five  miles.  Nearly  all  the  Judges  at  Epsom  and  Newmarket 
use  it  alone.  "  The  Reconnoiterer  is  very  good."  — Marquis  of  Car- 
marthen. "  I  never  before  met  an  article  that  so  completely  answered 
its  maker's  recommendation."— F.  H.  Fawkes,  Esq.  of  Farnley.  "  The 
economy  of  price  is  not  procured  at  the  cost  of  efficiency.  We  have 
carefully  tried  it  at  an  800-yard  rifle-range,  against  all  the  glasses  pos- 
sessed by  the  members  of  the  corps,  and  found  it  fully  equal  to  many, 
although  they  had  cost  more  than  four  times  its  price."— Field.  "  Ef- 
fective on  the  1000-yard  range."— Captain  Sendey,  Royal  Small  Armi 
Factory,  Enfield.  "  An  indispensable  companion  to  a  pleasure  trip.  It 
is  as  good  as  it  is  cheap."  — Notes  and  Queries.  Post-free,  10s.  10d. 
The"Hythe"  Glass  shows  bullet-marks  at  1200  yards,  3U.  6d.  Only 
to  be  had  direct  from  SALOM  &  CO.,  98,  Princes  Street,  Edinburgh. 
No  agenti. 

SAUCE.  — LEA  AND  PERKINS' 

WORCESTERSHIRE       SAUCE. 

This  delicious  condiment,  pronounced  by  Connoiweuri 

"THE    ONLY   GOOD    SAUCE," 

is  prepared  solely  by  LEA  &  PERRINS. 

The  Public  are  respectfully  cautioned  against  worthless  imitations.and 
should  see  that  LEA  &  PEURINS'  Names  are  on  Wrapper,  Label, 
Bottle,  and  Stopper. 

ASK  FOR  LEA  AND  PERRINS'  SAUCE. 

**«  Sold  Wholesale  and  for  Export,  by  the  Proprietors  Worcester; 
MESSRS.  CKObbK  and  BLACKWELL,  MESSRS.  BARCLAY  and 
80NS,  London,  &c.,  &c. ;  and  by  Grocere  and  Oilmen  universally. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S.  V.  JUNK  25,  '64. 


Camtrnt 

FOR  THE  PUBLICATION  OP 

EARLY  HISTORICAL  AND  LITERARY  REMAINS. 


THE  CAMDEN  SOCIETY  is  instituted  to  perpetuate,  and  render  accessible,  whatever  is  valuable,  but  at  present 
little  known  amongst  the  materials  for  the  Civil,  Ecclesiastical,  or  Literary  History  of  the  United  Kingdom ;  and  it 
accomplishes  that  object  by  the  publication  of  Historical  Documents,  Letters,  Ancient  Poems,  and  whatever  else  lies 
within  the  compass  of  its  designs,  in  the  most  convenient  form,  and  at  the  least  possible  expense  consistent  with  the 
production  of  useful  volumes. 

The  Subscription  to  the  Society  is  ll.  per  annum,  which  becomes  due  in  advance  on  the  first  day  of  May  in  every  year, 
and  is  received  by  MESSES.  NICHOLS,  25,  PARLIAMENT  STREET,  or  by  the  several  LOCAL  SECRETARIES. 
Members  may  compound  for  their  future  Annual  Subscriptions,  by  the  payment  of  10£.  over  and  above  the  Subscription  for 
the  current  year.  The  compositions  received  have  been  funded  in  the  Three  per  Cent.  Consols  to  an  amount  exceeding 
1000Z.  No  Books  are  delivered  to  a  Member  until  his  Subscription  for  the  current  year  has  been  paid.  New  Members  are 
admitted  at  the  Meetings  of  the  Council  held  on  the  First  Wednesday  in  every  month,  and  the  Council  have  recently  made 
arrangements  by  which  New  Members  are  enabled  to  purchase  the  past  publications  at  a  reduced  price. 

All  communications  on  the  subject  of  Subscriptions  to  be  addressed  to  JOHN  GOUGH  NICHOLS,  Esq.,  as  above, 
and  all  Post  Office  Orders  for  the  payment  of  the  same  to  be  made  payable  at  the  Post  Office,  Parliament  Street,  West- 
minster. 


71.  LETTERS 


For  1858-9. 

TO    AND 

-iris,  and  Vice-CL 

tters  from  his  brother  GEORGE,  Marques 


FROM    HENRY 


SAVILE,  Esq.,  Envoy  at  Paris,  and  Vice-Chamberlain  to  Charles  II. 
and  James  II.,  including  Letters  from  his  brother  GEORGE,  Ms 
of  Halifax.    Edited  by  W.  DURRANT  COOPER,  Esq.,  F.S.  A. 

72.  THE    ROMANCE    OF    BLONDE  OF 

OXFORD  AND  JEHAN  OF  DAMMARTIN.    Edited  by  THOMAS 
WRIGHT,  ESQ.,  M.A.,  F.8.A. 

73.  THE   CAMDEN    MISCELLANY,   Volume 

the  Fourth. 

For  1859-60. 

74.  THE    JOURNALS    OF  RICHARD 

l' 

75.  ORIGINAL  PAPERS  ILLUSTRATIVE  of 

the  LIFE  and  WRITINGS  of  JOHN  MILTON.    Edited  by  W.  D. 

76.  LETTERS  OF  GEORGE  LORD  CAREW, 

afterwards  Earl  of  Totnes,  to  SIR  THOMAS  ROE.    Edited  by  JOHN 
MACLEAN,  Esq.,  F.S.A. 

For  1860-61. 

77.  NARRATIVES  of  the  DAYS  of  the  RE- 
FORMATION, and  the  contemporary  Biographies  of  ARCHBISHOP 
CRANMER;  selected  from  the  Papers  of  John  Foxe  the  Martyrologist. 
Edited  by  JOHN  GOUGH  NICHOLS,  Esq.  F.S.A. 

78.  CORRESPONDENCE  between  JAMES  VI. 

of  SCOTLAND  and  SIR  ROBERT  CECIL  and  others,  before  his  ac- 
cession to  the  Throne  of  England.    Edited  by  JOHN  BRUCE,  Esq., 


For  1861 -62. 

79.  A  SERIES  OF  NEWS  LETTERS  written  by 

JOHN  CHAMBERLAIN  to  SIR  DUDLEY  CARLETON  during  the 
REIGN  OF  QUEEN  ELIZABETH.    Edited  by  MISS  WILLIAMS. 

80.  PROCEEDINGS  in  the  COUNTY  of  KENT 

in  1640.    Edited  by  the  REV.  LAMBERT  B.  LARKING,  M.A. 

81.  PARLIAMENTARY   DEBATES  in    1610. 

From  the  Notes  of  a  Member  of  the  House  of  Commons.    Edited  by 
SAMUEL  RAWSON  GARDINER,  late  Student  of  Christchurch. 

For  1862-3. 

82.  LIST  of  FOREIGN  PROTESTANTS  resi- 
dent in  ENGLAND,  1618-1688.   Edited  by  W.  DURRANT  COOPER, 
F.S.A. 

83.  WILLS    FROM    DOCTORS'    COMMONS. 

Edited  by  J.  G.  NICHOLS,  F.S.A. 

84.  TREVELYAN    PAPERS.      Part  II.     A.D. 

1446-1643.    Edited  by  J.  PAYNE  COLLIER,  ESQ. 
For  1863-4. 

85.  THE  LIFE  OF  MARMADUKE  RAWDON 

OF  YORK.    Edited  by  ROBERT  DAVIES,  ESQ.,  F.S.A. 

86.  LETTERS  OF  QUEEN  'MARGARET  OF 

ANJOU,  &c.    Edited  by  CECIL  MONRO,  ESQ. 

87.  THE  CAMDEN  MISCELLANY.     Vol.  IV. 

[tfearly  ready. 


•WORKS    OF    THE    CAIKD&IT    SOCISTY, 

AND  ORDER  OF  THEIR  PUBLICATION. 


1.  Restoration  of  Edward  IV. 

2.  Kyng  Johun.by  Bishop  Bale. 

3.  Deposition  of  Richard  II. 

4.  Plumpton  Correspondence. 

5.  Anecdotes  and  Traditions. 

6.  Political  Songs. 

7.  Hay  ward's  Elizabeth. 

8.  Ecclesiastical  Documents. 

9.  Norden's  Description  of  Essex. 

10.  Warkworth'B  Chronicle. 

11.  Kemp's  Nine  Daies  Wonder. 

12.  The  Egerton  Papers. 

13.  ChronicaJocelinideBrakelonda. 
H.  Irish  Narratives,  1641  and  1690. 

15.  RUhanger's  Chronicle- 

16.  Poems  of  Walter  Mapes. 

17.  Travels  of  Nicander  Nucius. 

18.  Three  Metrical  Romances. 

19.  Diary  of  Dr.  John  Dee. 

20.  Apology  for  the  Lollards. 

21.  Rutland  Papers. 

22.  Diary  of  Bishop  Cartwright. 

23.  Letters  of  Eminent  Literary  Men. 

24.  Proceedings  against  Alice  Kyteler. 


25.  Promptorium  Parvulorum :  Tom.  I. 

26.  Suppression  of  the  Monasteries. 

27.  Leycester  Correspondence. 

28.  French  Chronicle  of  London. 

29.  Polydore  Vergil. 

30.  The  Thornton  Romances. 

31.  Verney's  Notes  of  the  Long  Parliament. 

32.  Autobiography  of  Sir  John  Bramston. 

33.  Correspondence  of  James  Duke  of  Perth. 

34.  Liber  de  AntiquisLegibus. 

35.  The  Chronicle  of  Calais. 

36.  Polydore  Vergil's  History,  Vol.  I. 

37.  Italian  Relation  of  England. 

38.  Church  of  Middleham. 

39.  The  Camden  Miscellany,  Vol.  I. 

40.  Life  of  Ld.  Grey  of  Wilton. 

41.  Diary  of  Walter  Yonge. 

42.  Diary  of  Henry  Machyn. 

43.  Visitation  of  Huntingdonshire. 

44.  Obituary  ot  Rich.  Smyth. 

45.  Twysden  on  the  Government  of  Eng- 

land. 

46.  Letters  of  Elizabeth  and  James  VI. 

47.  Chronicon  Petroburgense. 


48.  Queen  Jane  and  Queen  Mary. 

49.  Bury  Wills  and  Inventories. 

50.  Mapes  de  Nugis  Curialium. 
61.  Pilgrimage  of  Sir  R.  Guyiford. 

52.  Secret  Services  of  Charles  II.  and  Jas.  II. 
\     53.  Chronicle  of  Grey  Friars  of  London. 
1    54.  Promptorium  Parvulorum,  Tom.  II. 
1     55.  The  Camden  Miscellany.  Vol.  II. 
I     56.  The  Verney  Papers  to  1632. 

57.  The  Ancren  Riwle. 

58.  Letters  of  Lady  B.  Harley. 

59.  Roll  of  Bishop  Swinfield,  Vol.  I. 

60.  Grants,  &c.,  of  Edward  the  Fifth. 

61.  The  Camden  Miscellany,  Vol.  III. 

62.  Roll  of  Bishop  Swinfield,  Vol.  II. 

63.  Charles  I.  in  1646. 

64.  English  Chronicle  1377  to  1461. 

65.  Knights  Hospitallers. 

66.  Diary  of  John  Rous. 

67.  The  Trevelyan  Papers,  Part  I. 

68.  Journal  of  Rowland  Davies,  LL.D. 

69.  Domesday  of  St.  Paul's. 

70.  Whitelocke's  Liber  Famelicus. 


Printed  by  GEORGE  ANDREW  SPOTTISWOODE,  at  5  New-street  Square,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Bride,  in  the  County  of  Middlesex!  and 
Published  by  WILLIAM  GREIG  SMITH,  of  32  Wellington  Street,  Strand,  in  the  said  County.— Saturday,  June  25,  1864. 


INDEX. 


THIRD   SERIES.— VOL.   V. 


[For  classified  articles,  see  ANONYMOUS  WORKS,  BOOKS  RECENTLY  PUBLISHED,  EPIGRAMS,  EMTAPHS,  FOLK  LORE, 
PROVEUBS  AND  PHRASES,  QUOTATIONS,  SHAKSPBIUANA,  AND  SONGS  AND  BALLADS.] 


A. 


A.  on  Sir  Charles  Wogan,  421 

A.  (A.)  on  bells  called  skelets,  457 

Beech  trees  never  struck  by  lightning,  97 
Cannon  of  France,  456 
Chaperone,  446 
Churchwarden  query,  34 
Crancelin,  in  heraldry,  457 

Cuckoo  oats,  &c.,  450 
Essex  saying,  97 

Expedient,  its  earliest  use,  477 

Frith,  a  wood,  43 

Games  of  swans,  &c.,  436 

Greek  custom  as  to  horses,  153 

Grumbold  Hold,  115 

Haydn  queries,  467 

Lasso,  and  similar  weapons,  442 

Lanterns  of  the  dead,  115 

Mark  of  Thor's  hammer,  458 

Modern  Folk  ballads,  209 

Pews  before  the  Reformation,  43 

Prior's  "  Thief  and  Cordelier,"  475 

Salmagundi,  467 

Salmon  in  the  Thames,  479 

Seals,  Anglo-Saxon  and  medi;eval,  44o 

Shaksperian  criticisms,  231,  232 

"  Spartam,  quam  nactus  es,  orna,"  444 

Tedded  grass,  43 

Tout,  its  derivation,  429 
.        Verifying  quotations,  &c.,  290 

Whittled  down,  a  provincialism,  435 

Wooden  and  stone  altars  in  England,  499 
A.  (A.  S.)  on  Card.  Beton  and  Abp.  Gawin  Dun- 
bar,  402 

Bishop  George  de  Athequa,  352 

Campbell  (Sir  Alexander  and  Sir  Hugh),  3G7 

D'Olbreuse  (Eleanor),  348 

Guernsey,  governors  of,  328 

Knox  (Andrew),  Bishop  of  Raphoe,  371 

Knox  (Thomas),  Bishop  of  the  Isles,  411 

Kohl,  antimony,  349 

Lament  (Rev.  David),  367 

Longevity  of  clergymen,  453 


A.  (A.  S.)  on  Montalembert  (Count  de),  328 
Abauzit  (Firmin),  "  Discourse  on  the  Apocalypse," 

420 
"  Abel,"  an  oratorio,  author  of  the  words,  297, 

467 
Abhba  on  Earl  of  ClonmelTs  Diary,  477 

De  Burgo's  "  Hibernia  Dominicaua,"  457 

Dobbs  (Arthur),  biography,  82 

"  Dublin  University  Magazine,"  447 

Downes's  Tour  through  Cork  and  Ross,  82 

"  Essay  on  Politeness,"  437 

Family  burying  ground,  377 

Fellowships  in  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  345. 

Kenncdy  (Rev.  James),  241 

Life  of  Prince  Eugene  of  Savoy,  515 

Literary  plagiarisms,  523 

Meath  electioneering  bill,  493 

Paradin's  "  Devises  Heroiques,"  528 

Petrie  Collection  of  ancient  music.  498 

Portlock  (Major-General),  489 

Portlock  (Capt.  Nathaniel),  425 

Proverb  wanted,  117 

Rundell  (Mrs.  Maria  Eliza),  419 

Spottiswoode  (Abp.  John  and  Bp.  James),  415 

Ulick,  a  Christian  name,  136 
Abraham  aben  Hhaiim,  his  MSS.,  435 
Ache  on  a  quotation,  142 
Acland  (Rev.  John),  noticed,  320 
Acrostic:  Christ,  355 

Adair  (John)  of  Kilternan,  404,  442,  501—504 
Adair  (Robin),  Esq.,  subject  of  the  song,  404,  442, 

500 

Adam  (Thomas),  alias  Welhowse,  epitaph,  239 
Adams  (Richard),  minor  poet,  42,  64 
Adderley  (Geo.  Augustus),  rank  in  the  army,  297, 

385 
Addis  (John)  on  Fingers  of  Hindoo  gods,  123 

"  Hermippus  Redivivus,"  100 

Pamphlet,  its  derivation,  290 

Urbigerus  (Baro),  alchemical  writer,  73 

Vixen  :  Fixen,  62 
Addison  (Joseph),  barrister,  6 
Addison  (Joseph),  definition  of  wit,  30 


532 


I  N  D  E  X. 


Adei,  a  sect,  240 

"  Adeste  Fideles,"  composer  of  the  tune,  312 

Admiralty  Domesday  Book,  146 

Adolphus  (Gustavus),  letter  to  Charles  I.,  294 

Adolphus  (John  Leycester),  "  The  Circuiteers,"  6 

A.  (E.H.)  on  Samuel  Burton,  73,  529 

Hoods  of  Oxford  and  Cambridge,  517 

Nicols  (Kev.  William),  356 

Pholeys  of  G-ambia,  12 

Trevor  (Sir  Marcus),  Vise.  Dungannon,  55 

Witty  classical  quotations,  310 
JEnigmata,  Latin,  93,  257 
JEvum,  words  derived  from,  100 
African,  South,  chart  of  the  discovery,  498 
Agg  (John),  satirical  writer,  346 
Agincourt  battle,  picture  at  Guildhall,  171 
Ainger  (A.)  on  "  Chough  and  Crow,"  a  glee,  243 

Natter,  German  for  adder,  125 

Psalm  xc.  9,  83 

Quotation,  261 

Swallows  and  the  spring,  83 
Alabarches,  or  Arabarches,  294 
Albert,  Prince  Consort,  his  arms,  457,  522 ;  motto, 

12,  64,  81 

Albini  Brito  (Wm.  de),  382,  505 
Aldeburgh  barony,  224 
Alexander  the  Great's  grant  to  the  Sclavonians, 

345 

Al-Gazel,  Mohammedan  doctor,  his  birth,  401 
'AAifvs  on  Collins,  author  of  To-morrow,  20 

Cumming  (James),  F.S.A.,  308 

Dobbs'  Trade  and  Improvement  of  Ireland,  64 

Mount  Athos,  487 

Almack  (Richard)  on  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots,  321 
Altars,  early  wooden  and  stone,  499 
Altham  (Ursula,  Lady),  death,  284 
"  Amateur's  Magazine,"  26,  64 
Amen,  a  curious  derivation  of  the  word,  33 
America,   its  first  paper-mill,  222 ;  Seneca's  pro- 
phecy of  its  discovery,  298,  368,  440 
Americanisms  :  conjure  and  conjurations,  133 
Anagram:  Andreas  Rivetus,  53 
Ancestor  worship,  212 
Anderson's  "  Scottish  Nation,"  147 
Andrewes  (Bp.  Lancelot),  his  will,  137 
Andros  (Sir  Edmund),  his  arms,  345,  425 
Aneroids,  297 

Angelic  vision  of  the  dying,  448 
Animals,  the  trials  of,  155,  218 

Anonymous  Works :  — 

Art  of  Politicks,  164,  205 

Arundines  Devse,  496 

Autumn  near  the  Rhine,  119 

Bubble  and  Squeak,  323 

Cabala,  sive  Scrinia  Sacra,  514 

Castle  Builders,  or  History  of  Wm.  Stephens, 

614 

Chronicle  of  the  Kings  of  England,  300 
Clara  Chester,  204 
Contest  of  the  Twelve  Nations,  518 
Crambe  Repetita,  323 

Discourse,  Historical,  on  the  Revelations,  420 
Edric,  the  Saxon,  a  play,  514 
Education,  especially  of  Young  Gentlemen,  38 


Anonymous  Works:  — 

Essay  on  Politeness,  437 

Eugene  (Prince)  of  Savoy,  his  Life,  515 

Fellowships  in  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  345 

Friend  of  Australia,  514 

Godolphin,  a  play,  514 

Grand  Impostor,  50 

Hermippus  Redivivus,  100 

Honour  of  Christ  Vindicated,  133 

"  Irish  Tutor,"  479 

Land  of  Promise,  or  Impressions  of  Australia, 
514 

Letter  Box,  by  Oliver  Oldstaffe,  321 

Leprosy  of  Naaman,  55 

Living  and  the  Dead,  106 

Meditations  on  Life  and  Death,  400,  448,  506 

Post  Boy  Robbed  of  his  Mail,  448 

Proud  Shepherd's  Tragedy,  355 

Resurrection,  not  Death,  the  Hope  of  the  Be- 
liever, 33,  203 

Revelation  of  St.  John  and  the  Jewish  Tem- 
ple, 417 

Royal  Stripes,  or  a  Kick  from  Yarmouth  to 
Wales,  346 

Salmagundi,  a  Miscellany  of  Poetry,  322 

Solomon's  Song,  poetical  version,  1703,  322 

Turkish  Spy,  260 

Antiphanes,  passage  in  the  Aphrodisian,  486 

Ape  leading  in  hell,  193,  289,  424 

Apothecaries'  Company's  crest,  13 

Appleton  (W.  S.)  on  Nicholas  Bayley's  family,  330 

Archer  (Master  John),  noticed,  55 

Arden  (Edward),  related  to  Shakspeare,  352,  463, 

492 

Ardesoif  (J.  P.)  inquired  after,  435 
Arland  (Benedict),  miniature  painter,  336 
Aristotle,  in  old  Latin,  11 
Aristotle's  Politics,  475,  525 
Arm,  breaking  the  left,  a  punishment,  469 
Arms,  mottoes  and  coats  of,  77 
Arms  of  English  royalty,  100 
Arnold  (Rev.  Thomas  Kerchever),  death,  450 
Amulphus  (Bishop),  Life  of  Empress  Maud,  116 
Arundel  Castle,  its  owlery,  512 
Arundel  Society's  publications,  106 
"  Arundines  Devse,"  its  author,  i96 
Ascot  races  forty  years  ago,  474 
Aston  (Joseph)  of  Manchester,  370 
"  Athenian  Gazette,"  its  contributors,  77 
"  Athenian  Mercury,"  its  contributors,  77 
Athenry,  or  Athunry,  its  orthography,  499 
Athequa  (George  de),  Bishop  of  Llandaff,  352 
Athos,  Mount,  its  monastic  libraries,  437,  487 
Aubery  (Mons.)  and  Du  Val,  133 
Audley  (P.  A.)  on  Cambridge  villages,  212 

Digby  motto,  153 

Epitaph  on  Thomas  Adam,  alias  Welhowse, 

239 

Austin  Friars'  church,  376 
Austrian  motto,  the  five  vowels,  222,  309 
Austrian  peerages,  320 
Averroes,  birth  and  death,  401 
Avon,  the  Vale  of,  its  population,  357 
Axholme,  the  Isle  of,  434,  507 


INDEX. 


533 


B 

&  on  the  reduction  of  Rathlin  in  1575,  89 

Baal  worship,  works  on,  196 

Bacon   (Francis),   Baron  Verulam,    chambers    at 

Gray's  Inn,  100  ;  "  Psalms,"  ib. 
B.  (A.  F.)  on  Sir  Edw.  Gorges,  Knt.,  443,  489 

Laurel  water,  63 

Bailey  (the  Unfortunate  Miss),  song  in  Latin,  76 
Bailley  (Charles),    secretary  to  Mary   Queen    of 

Scots,  284 

Baillie  (Joanna),  "  Chough  and  Crow,"  243 
Ball  (Lord)  of  Bagshot,  151 
Ballad  literature,  foreign,  372 
Ballads.     See  Songs. 
Ballard  (Col.),  his  Christian  name,  320 
Balloons,  their  dimensions,  96,  200 
Ballot,  "  three  blue  beans,"  297,  385,  444 
Bankes  (Geo.),  Vicar  of  Cherry hinton,  43 
Baptismal  names,  objectionable,  22,  105,  184 
Barb  =  to  shave,  494 
Barbauld  (Anna  Letitia),  Prose  Hymns,  33 
Barberini  rase,  22 
Barcroft(  John),  Esq.,  11 
Barham  (Francis),  works,  36,  120 
Barley,  an  exclamation,  its  derivation,  358 
Barnes  (Kichard),  Bishop  of  Nottingham,  196 
Barons  family  of  Watford,  376 
Bartolozzi  (Francesco),  engraving,  377,  445 
Barton  (Bernard),  Lord  Jeffrey's  letter  to,  70 
Basing  House,  notices  of  its  sieges,  499 
Basselin  (Olivier),  "  Vaux  de  Virc,"  25 
Basset  family  of  North  Morton,  Berks,  417 
Bastard  (John  Pollexfen),  M.P.  for  Devon,  198 
Bastide's  Ode  to  Louis  XIV.,  496 
Batchelor  (J.  W.)  on  canine  suicide,  515 
Bates  (Wm.)on  Bezoar  stones,  486 
Blair's  Grave,  its  frontispiece,  196 
Chaldee  MS.  and  Blackwood's  Magazine,  314 
Collier  (Jeremy)  on  the  Stage,  &c.,  38 
Collins  (John),  author  of  "  To-morrow,"  17 
Pamphlet,  its  etymology  and  meaning,  167 
Battles  in  England,  398,  449,  488 
Baxter  (Thomas),  "  Circle  Squared,"  258,  348 
Baxter  (W.  E.)  on  anonymous  contributors,  238 
Battles  in  England,  449 
Callis  (Robert),  204 
Capell's  Notes  on  Shakspeare,  77 
Digby  motto,  220 
Martin  family,  222 
Preaching  ministers  suspended,  357 
Quotation,  200 
Sancroft  family,  291 
Sussex  newspapers,  75 
"  To  a  Caged  Skylark,"  a  Poem,  515 
Bayley  (C.  H.)  on  first  book  printed  in  Birming- 
ham, 145 

Bayley  (Nicholas),  family,  330 
Bayly  (T.  H.),  Latin  version  of  his  song,  "  I'd  be  a 

Butterfly,"  106 

Baynbridge  (H.  A.)  on  Burnett  families,  376 
Becanceld  councils,  where  holden,  215 
Becket  (Capt),  inquired  after,  134 
Beckington  (Bp.),  letters,  26 
Bede(Cuthbert)  on  the  "Amateur's  Magazine,"  64 


Bede  (Cuthbert)  on  ColKns,  author  of  "  To-mor- 
row," 20 

Huntingdonshire  feast,  497 
"  Kimbolton  Park,"  a  poem,  479 
Mother  Goose,  384 

Ornithological  and  agricultural  folk-lore,  394 
Pre-death  coffins,  364 
Whitmore  family,  220 

Bedford  (Arthur)  on  the  "  Impieties  in  the  Eng- 
lish Playhouses,"  39 
Bedford  (Lucy,  Countess  of),  523 
Beech-droppings,  its  medicinal  properties,  297,  369 
Beech-trees  never  struck  with  lightning,  97,  201 
Bee-hives  in  mourning,  393 

Beisly  (Sidney)  on  Robin  Goodfellow  and  Puck,  340 
Shakspeare  and  Ms  commentators,  231 
Tempest,  passage  in,  328 
Bell,  the  passing,  of  St.  Sepulchre's,  170,  331,  338, 

429 

Bell-founders,  ancient,  172 
Bells  called  skelets,  457 
Bell  (W.  E.)  on  the  longevity  of  Richard  Purser, 

170 

Bell  (Dr.  Wm.)on  Morganatic  marriages,  235,  441 
Bellamy  (John),  Translation  of  the  Bible,  14 
Bellomont  (Coote,  Lord),  his  arms,  345,  527 
Bent:  "  Top  of  his  bent"  explained,  137 
Bentinck  family,  284 

Bentley  (Nathaniel),  alias  Dirty  Dick,  482 
Bentley  (Richard),  D.D.  509,  530 
Bentley  (Thomas)  of  Chiswick,  376,  449,  509 
Beresford  (Sir  William),  portrait,  239 
Berkholz's  Memoirs,  515 
Berlin  literati,  116 
Bermuda,  its  climate,  104,  122 
Berwick  (James  Fitzjames,  Duke  of),  his  descen- 
dants, 134,  202,  309 
Besson  (Thomas),  bookseller,  435 
Beton  (Cardinal),  noticed,  112,  200,  402 
Beverley,  library  at  St.  Mary's,  51  ;  lines  on  the 

minster,  52 

Bezoar  stones,  39-8,  486 
B.  (F.  C.)  on  Elma,  a  proper  name,  308 

Woman's  will,  300 

B.  (F.  G.)  on  a  supposed  picture  of  A.  Pope,  137 
B,  (H.)  on  Alfred  Bunn,  182 
Comet  of  1581,  114 

Miscegenation,  a  new  Yankee  word,  278 
Pre-death  monument,  363 
B.  (H.  T.  D.)  on  Cambridge  Bible,  1837,  36 
Walker  (Obadiah),  "  Of  Education,"  38 
Bible,  Cambridge,  of  1837,  36  ;  French,  1538,  375 
Bible,  the  translator's  Preface,  283 
Bibliothecar.  Chetham.  on  consonants  in  Welsh, 

364 

Earth  a  living  creature,  286 
General  ILiterary  Index,  131 
Greek  and  Roman  games,  65,  104,  244 
Seneca's  prophecy  of  the  discovery  of  Ame- 
rica, 440 

Talleyrand's  maxim,  216 

Bingham  (C.  W.)  on  the  Rev.  Dan.  Campbell,  114 
Comic  songs  translated,  223 
Molly  wash-dish,  366 


534 


INDEX. 


Bingham  (C.  W.)  on  Lapwing  or  peewit,  124 

Natter,  its  derivation,  224 

Poor  Cock  Robin's  death,  182 

Primula,  202 

Birmingham,  first  book  printed  there,  145 
Bishops  nominated  by  Pitt  and  Lord  Palmerston, 

458 

Bisschop  (Jani  de),  chorus  musarum,  93 
B.  (J.)  on  heraldic  query,  73 
B.  ( J.  E.)  on  Basing  House,  Hampshire,  499 

Lord  Hopton's  memoirs,  515 
B.  (J.  E.)  on  the  Laird  of  Lee,  65 

Model  of  Edinburgh,  116 
Black  Bear  Inn,  Cumnor,  376 
Blackwood's  Magazine  and  the   Clialdee  manu- 
script, 314 

Bladon  (James)  on  St.  Sepulchres  passing-bell,  388 
Blair  (D.),  Melbourne,  on  anonymous  works,  514, 
518 

"  Fatherhood  of  God,"  author  of  the  phrase, 
514 

Wroeites,  a  sect,  493 

Blair  (Robert),  frontispiece  to  the  "  Grave,"  196 
Blake  (William),  his  Life,  312 
Blent  (Cecil)  on  St.  Ishmael,  156 
Blind  alehouse,  explained,  137 
Bliss  (Miss),  portrait,  516 
Bloody  hand  in  escutcheons,  54,  80 
Bockett  (Julia  K.)  on  the  Basset  family,  417 
Boileau  (J.  P.)  on  the  trials  of  animals,  155 
Boispreaux  (M.  de),  "Rienzi,"  320 
Boleyn  (Anne),  her  execution,  211 
Bolton  (James),  botanical  artist,  345 
Book-covers,  contents  of  old,  404 
Book  hawkers  in  India,  513 
Book  hawking  exposed,  70 
Books,  origin  of  their  titles,  279 

Books  recently  published :  — 

Alford's  New  Testament  for  General  Headers, 

106 

Annual  Register  for  1863,  490 
Arnason's  Icelandic  Legends,  272 
Arundel  Society's  Publications,  106 
Autograph  Souvenir,  410 
Bernard  on  the  Book  of  Job,  205 
Bibliotheca  Chethamensis,  by  T.  Jones,  105 
Bisset's  Omitted  Chapters  of  the  History  of 

England,  370 
Blake  (William),  Life,  312 
Slew's  Common  Prayer  in  Latin,  44 
Blondel  on  the  Expulsion  of  the  English  from 

Normandy,  44 

Book  of  Days  (Chambers),  146 
Brady's  Records  of  Cork,  Cloyne,  and  Ross,  272 
Brown  Book  of  Reference,  44 
Brunei,' s  Manuel  du  Libraire,  332 
Calendar  of  State  Papers:  Domestic  Series, 

1634—1635,  530 
Camden  Society :  Letters  of  Queen  Margaret 

of  Anjou  and  Bp.  Beckington,  26 
Chronicles  and  Memorials  of  Great  Britain 
and  Ireland:  Walsingham's  Chronicles  of 
St.  Alban's,  45f) ;  Letters  and  Papers  illus- 
trative of  the  Reigns  of  Richard  III.  and 


Books  recently  published :  — 

Henry  VII.,  450  ;  Annales  Monastici :  Mar- 

gan,  Tewkesbury,  and  Burton,  450 
Clarke's  Essay  on  the  Apocalypse,  146 
Cockayne's    Leechdoms,    Wortcunning,    and 

Starcraft  of  Early  England,  166 
Coote's  Neglected  Fact  in  English  History,  470 
Cre-Fydd's  Family  Fare,  106 
Cowper  (Mary,  Countess),  Diary,  272 
Debrett's  Peerage  and  Baronetage,  166 
Dickens,  "  Our  Mutual  Friend,"  390 
Dowding's  Life    and   Correspondence  of  G. 

Calixtus,  44 

Diaries  of  a  Lady  of  Quality,  409 
Evans's  Coins  of  the  Ancient  Britons,  185 
Godwin's  Another  Blow  for  Life,  250 
Goulburn  on  the  Idle  Word,  332 
Griffiths's  Text-Book  of  the  Microscope,  312 
Hand-Book  of  the  Cathedrals  of  England,  166 
Hugh,  Bishop  of  Lincoln,  his  Life,  272 
Jameson's  History  of  Our  Lord  illustrated, 

389 

Jest  Book,  arranged  by  Mark  Lemon,  490 
Journal  of  Sacred  Literature,  86 
Ken's     Morning,    Evening,    and    Midnight 

Hymns,  44 

Lapland,  a  Spring  and  Slimmer  in,  44 
Lewins,  Her  Majesty's  Mails,  410 
Lewis's  Essays  on  the  Administration  of  Great 

Britain,  291 

Lovelace's  Lucasta,  by  W.  C.  Hazlitt,  205 
Lowndes's  Bibliographer's  Manual,  291 
Manchester  Free  Library  Catalogue,  429 
Neckam  (Alex.),  De  Naturis  Rerum,  86 
Notes  on  Wild  Flowers,  389 
Phipson's  Utilization  of  Minute  Life,  490 
Post  Office  London  Directory,  1864,  66 
Quarterly  Review,  86,  370 
Reithmuller's  Alex  Hamilton,  146 
Salvin's  Stereoscopic  Views  of  Copan,  105 
Shakspeare  :  a  Biography  by  De  Quincey,  350 
Shakspeare  and  Jonson,  350 
Shakspeare  Life  Portraits,  by  Friswell,  250 
Shakspeare,  Reference  Memorial  edition,  250 
Shakspeare' s  Songs  and  Sonnets,  250 
Shakspeare's  Jest  Books,  146,  350 
Shakspeare's  Seven  Ages  Depicted,  25 
Shakspeare's   Works,  by    Dyce,    166,    350; 

Cambridge  edition,  250, 429 ;  Staunton,  350 ; 

Keightley,  530 

Shaw's  Students'  Manual,  312 
Sleigh's  History  of  the  Parish  of  Leek,  490 
Smith's  Dictionary  of  the  Bible,  26,  206,  470 
Smythe's  Ten  Months  in  the  Fiji  Islands,  186 
Sterne  (Laurence),  Life,  by  Fitzgerald,  332 
Taylor's  Words  and  Places,  205 
Todd's  Life  of  St.  Patrick,  25 
Tytler's  History  of  Scotland,  389 
Walton's  Lives  of  Donne,  &c.,  250 
Webster's  Syntax  and  Synonyms  of  the  Greek 

Testament,  470 

Williams's  Psalms  interpreted  of  Christ,  86 
Worgan's  Divine  Week,  86 
1  Wright  (Thomas),  Autobiography,  186 


D  E  X. 


535 


Booth  family  of  Geldresome,  172 

Borlase   (Rev.    Henry),   one    of    the    Plymouth 

brethren,  203 

Borrow  Sucken,  co.  Northampton,  477 
Boscobel  (J.  C.)  on  longevity  of  Mr.  Hutchesson,  33 
Bothwell   (Francis    Stuart,   Earl   of)   and  Mary- 
Queen  of  Scots,  411;  his  parentage,  300 
Boulogne,  prints  of  the  old  cathedral,  476,  506  ; 

public  library,  477 

Bourchier  (Rev.  Edward),  noticed,  280 
Bow  cemetery,  epitaphs,  317 
Bowes  (Paul),  noticed,  247,  330 
Bowyer  House,  Camberwell,  151 
Boyd  (Zachary),  noticed,  54 
Braham  (John),  the  vocalist,  318,  444 
Brahma,  the  Hindoo  god,  197,  262 
Bramston  (Rev.  James),  biography,  205 
Brandt  (Sebastian),  "  Ship  of  Fooles,"  translated 

by  Barclay,  1509,  437 
Branham  (Hugh),  noticed,  212,  271,  308 
Brass  knocker,  or  remains  of  a  feast,  496 
Bray  (Owen)  of  Loughlinstown,  443,  502—504 
Brent  (Algernon)   on  institution  of  the  Rosary, 

154 

Brettingham  (Matthew),  architect,  63 
Bridgeman  (S.),  plans  and  drawings,  421 
Bridger  (Charles)  on  bibliography  of  heraldry  and 
genealogy,  190 

Descents  of  the  infant  Prince  of  Wales,  129 

Eleanor  d'Olbreuse,  144 
"Brighton  Chronicle,"  noticed,  75 
Bristol,  erroneous  monumental  inscriptions,  87,  289 
Bristow  (John),  noticed,  97,  248 
Britannia  on  pence  and  halfpence,  37 
British  Gallery  and  British  Institution,  97 
British  Institution  of  Living  Artists,  165 
Broad  arrow,  its  origin,  165 
Brook  (Abraham),  noticed,  355 
Brooke  (Dr.  R.  S.)  on  the  verb  "  To  Liquor/'  221 
Brookthorpe  on  Crancelin  bearing,  522 
Brown  family  of  Coalston,  258,  311 
Brown  (F.)  on  Sir  Edward  Gorges,  Knt.,  377 
Browne  (Robert  Dillon),  noticed,  270,  369 
Browne  (Sir  Thomas),  belief  in  witchcraft,  400 
Bruce  (Rev.  Arch.),  his  works,  320 
Bruce  (John)  on  Dunbar  earldom,  97 

Laud  (Abp.),  unpublished  satirical  papers,  1 

Ruthven,  Earl  of  Forth  and  Brentford,  270, 

294 
Bruges  hospital,  picture  of  the  "  Massacre  of  the 

Innocents,"  74 

Brussels,  patrician  families  at,  174,  331 
Bryan  (Mrs.  Margaret),  her  death,  355 
Bryans  (J.  W.)  on  Victoria  and  Albert  Order,  322 
B.  (T.)  on  an  antiquarian  discovery,  319 

Casts  of  seals,  507 

Cobbett  (William),  422 

Cromwell's  head,  180,  264 

Drage  (Win.),  author  of    "  The  Practice  of 
Physic,"  135 

Lamballe  (the  Princess  de),  1 13 

Lesurques  (Joseph),  his  unfortunate  case,  473 

Marriages,  early,  23 

Ministerial  wooden  spoon,  214 

Passing-bell  of  St.  Sepulchre's,  170 


B.  (T.)  on  Raine's  marriage  portion  of  100/.,  475 

Scottish  customs,  153 

Shepherd  (Mrs.  Catherine),  a  heroine,  132 

Voltaire's  remains,  277 
Buchanan  (Geo,),  "  Tyrannical  Government  Anato- 

mis'd,"  its  translator,  514 
Buckingham  (Geo.  Villiers,  1st  Duke  of),  letter  to 

James  I.,  5  ;  his  influence  over  James  I.,  452 
Buckton  (T.  J.)  on  Alabarchrs,  294 

Aristotle's  Politics,  475 

Capnobatse,  23 

Chess,  its  antiquity,  428 

Cuckoo  song,  465 

Danish  right  of  succession,  181 

Denmark,  absolute  monarchy  of,  189 

Erasmus  and  Sir  Thomas  More,  62 

Denmark  versus  the  Germanic  Confederation, 
318 

Hebrew  MSS.  destroyed  by  the  Jews,  485 

Hindoo  gods,  198 

Judicial  Committee  of  the  Privy  Council,  267 

Justice  applied  to  magistrates,  485 

Kuster's  death,  1 15 

Monks  and  friars,  427 

Moses,  etymology  of  the  name,  408 

Mottoes  wanted,  116 

Mozarabic  Liturgy,  267 

Psalm  xc.  9,  its  translation,  102 

Questmen  and  sidesmen,  65 

"  Revenons  a  nos  moutons,"  408 

Schleswig-Holstein,  212 

Sepia  shedding  ink,  408 

Septuagint  version,  470 

Trade  winds,  311 

Upper  and  Lower  Empire,  446 
Budd  (Henry),  his  death,  417,  528 
Buddhists  in  Britain,  344 
Bull-bull,  a  joke  on  the  nightingale,  38,  81 
Bullfinch,  its  mischievous  propensities,  124 
Bunn  (Alfred),  comedian,  55,  105,  182 
Bunyan   (John),   neglected   biography,    455 ;    in- 
scription on  his  tomb,  474 

Burgo  (Thomas  de),  "  Hibernia  Dominicana,"  457 
Burial-place  of  still-born  children,  34 
Burial  offerings,  35,  63,  296,  387 
Burial  Service,   origin   of  the  passage,    "In   the 

midst  of  life,"  &c.,  177,  407 

Burke  (Edmund)  and  "  the  family  burying  ground," 
377,406;  on  the  Ballot,.  297,  385,  444;  supposed 
bull,  212,  267,  366,  445 

Burn  ( J.  H. )  on  stamp  duties  on  painters'  canvass, 
141 

Venables  (Col.  Robert),  163 
Burn  (J.  S.)  on  oath  ex-officio,  135 
Burnett  families,  376 
Burniston  (Joseph),  noticed,  320 
Burns  (Robert),  jun.,  noticed,  62 
Burns  (W.  H.)  on  Bishop  Richard  Barnes,  196 
Burrow  (Reuben),  Diary,  107,  215,  261,  303,  361 
Burton  Annals,  450 

Burton  family  of  Weston-under-Wood,  140 
Burton  (John),  D.D.  of  Maple-Durham,  13 
Burton  (John),  M.D.,  alias  Dr.  Slop,  414,  524 
Burton  (Samuel),  high  sheriff  for  co.  Derby,  73, 
140,  529 


536 


INDEX. 


"  Buscapie,"  a  pamphlet  attributed  to  Cervantes, 

512 

Butler  (Archer),  Essay  on  Shakspeare,  343 
Butterfield  (Robert),  "  Maschil,"  448 
Buttery  (Albert)  on  Buttery  family,  457 
Buttery  family,  457 

C. 

C.  on  Northumbrian  money,  56 

Shakspeare  and  Plato,  63 

"Window  glass,  its  introduction,  400 
Caen  stone,  how  seasoned,  68,  138 
"  Caged  Skylark,"  author  of  the  poem,  515 
Calcebos,  its  meaning,  435 
Caldecott    (Thomas),    unpublished    Shaksperian 

MSS.,  480 

Calf  (Sir  John),  singular  epitaph,  215 
Calixtus  (Geo.),  Life  and  Correspondence,  44 
Callis  (Robert),  legal  writer,  134,  204 
Calton,  its  etymology,  417 
Calverley  (C.  S.),  charade,  379 
Calverley  (Mr.),  dancing-master,  101 
Camaca,  a  silk,  origin  of  the  word,  518 
Camberwell,  Bowyer  House,  151 
Cambridge  Bible  of  1837,  36 
Cambridge  tradesmen  in  1635,  10 
Camden  (Win.),  poem  "  Thames  and  Isis,"  344 
Camel  born  in  England,  132 
Campbell  (Sir  Alexander),  noticed,  367 
Campbell  (Rev.  Daniel)  inquired  after,  114 
Campbell  (Sir  Hugh),  noticed,  367 
Campbell  (J.  D.)  on  Cambridge  tradesmen  in  1635, 
10 

Compete,  its  early  use  as  a  verb,  97 

Dummerer,  its  meaning,  355 

Eastern  king's  device,  173 

Horace,  Ode  xiii.,  translator,  173 

Jeffrey  (Lord),  letter  to  Bernard  Burton,  70 

"  Keepsake,"  1828,  258 

Marine  risks  in  the  17th  century,  319 

Mikias,  or  Nilometer,  518 

Parietines,  its  meaning,  281 

Parson  Chaff,  281 

Scottish  games,  84 

Stum  rod,  its  meaning,  299 

Whittled  down,  527 
Campbell  (Dr.  John),  author  of  "  Hermippus  Re- 

divivus,"  100 

Campolongo  (Emmanuel),  "  Litholexicon,"  240 
Canine  suicide,  515 
Cannon  used  by  the  French,  1746,  456 
CapeU  (Edward),  "  Notes  on  Shakspeare,"  77 
Capnobatae,  notice  of  this  people,  23 
Carey  (P.  S.)  on  Albini  Brito,  505 

Lambert  (General),  34 

Meschines,  310 

Poulet  (George),  213 

Schomberg's  Ode  to  Capt.  Cook,  402 

Witches  in  Lancaster  Castle,  259 
Carilford  on  Sir  Richard  Ford,  242 

Ford  rebus,  or  punning  motto,  241 

Leighton  family,  135 

May  (Sir  Edward),  Bart.,  35,  469 

Rule  for  tincturing  a  motto  scroll,  516 


Carilford  on  Shakspeare' s  arms,  232 

Yorke  (Captain),  12 ;  family  arms,  125 
Carmichael  (C.   H.  E.)  on  Smyth  of  Braco  and 

Stewart  of  Orkney,  426 
Caroline  (Queen),  consort  of  George  II.,  lampoon 

on,  242 

Carter  Lane  meeting-house,  387 
Gary  family  in  Holland,  398,  468,  525 
Castlemaine  (Lord)  on  two  or  more  crests,  496 
Catharine  of  Braganza,  her  retinue,  377 
Cats,  epitaphs  on,  475 
Cats,  great  battle  of,  133,  247 
Catz  (Dr.  Jacob),  Dutch  poet,  259 
C.  (B.  H.)  on  anagram:  Andreas  Rivetus,  53 

Cromwell's  head,  265 

GrumbaldHold,  223 

Gainsborough  Prayer-Book,  97 

Hall  (Jo.),  author  of  "  Jacob's  Ladder,"  497 

"  Heraclitus  Ridens,"  its  editor,  73 

Hum  and  Buz,  meaning  of  the  phrase,  436 

Jacob  (Sir  John)  of  Bromley,  445 

Loretto  holy  house,  73 

Maps  of  Roman  Britain,  196 

Private  Prayers  for  the  Laity,  193 

Psalms :  "  Li  Sette  Salmi,"  98 

St.  Mary  Matfelon,  223 

Taffy,  Paddy,  and  Sandy,  194 

Toothache,  folk-lore  cure,  393 
C.  (E.)  on  ancient  seals,  113 

Chess,  its  antiquity,  428 
Cervantes,  and  the  pamphlet  "  Buscapie/i  512 
C.  (G.  A.)  on  brass  knocker,  496 

Frumentum:  Siligo,  13 

Heraldic  queries,  497 

Wegh,  a  certain  weight  or  quantity,  38 
C.  (H.)  on  Black  Bear  Inn  at  Cumnor,  376 

Book  hawkers  in  India,  513 

Buddhists  in  Britain,  344 

Congreve's  parentage,  132 

D'Abrichcourt  family,  320 

De  Foe  and  Dr.  Livingstone,  281 

Druidical  remains  in  India,  53 

Eastern  Ethiopians,  354 

Fingers  of  Hindoo  gods,  73 

Fowls  with  human  remains,  182 

Godfrey  of  Bouillon's  tree,  458 

Hindoo  gods,  449 

Invention  of  iron  defences,  173 

Iron  mask  at  Woolwich,  135 

Ivanhoe  :  Waverlej^  origin  of  the  titles,  176 

Jack  of  Newbury,  478 

Maiden  Castle  in  Dorsetshire,  101 

Massachusetts  stone,  298 

Mounds  of  human  remains,  191 

Medmenham  Club,  482 

Puck  :  his  eastern  origin,  394 

Seraglio  library,  415 

Sign  manual  at  Iconium,  436 

Upper  and  Lower  Empire,  379 

Vishnu  the  prototype  of  the  mermaid,  23.8 
Chaffers  (A.)  on  picture  of  Agincourt  battle,  171 
Chaigneau  (Wm.),  Irish  novelist,  11,  66,  507 
Chaldee  manuscript,  314 
Chaloner  (John),  his  works,  204 
Chambers  (G.  F.)  on  casts  of  seals,  450 


INDEX. 


537 


Chancellors,  their  London  residences,  8,  92,  200 
Chandler  (Eichard),    compiler    of  Parliamentary 

Debates,  151 

Chandos  portrait  of  Shakspeare,  336 
Chaperon,  its  meaning,  280,  312,  384,  446,  509 
Charades:  The  drugget,  379  ;  "Sir  Geoffrey  lay," 

425 
Charlemagne  (Emperor),  his  posterity,  134,  270, 

365;  his  tomb,  461 
Charlemont  earldom  and  viscount,  33 
Charles  I.,  G-ustavus  Adolphus  letter  to,  294 ;  an 
epitaph  on,  by  J.  H.,  13 ;   place  of  his  execu- 
tion, 204 
Charles  II.,  his  illegitimate  children,  211,  289,  365, 

409 

Charnock  (E.  S.)  on  Towt,  towter,  311 
Cha worth  or  Cadurcis,  114 
C.  (H.  B.)  on  passage  in  Antiphanes,  486 

Ballot :  three  blue  beans,  444 

Cruel  King  Philip,  103 

English  topography  in  Dutch,  406 

Evander's  order,  309 

«  Here  lies  Fred,"  &c.,  386 

Msevius  of  ancient  times,  182 

"  Eoyal  Stripes,  or  a  Kick  from  Yarmouth  to 
Wales,"  346 

Satirical  Sonnet,  Gobbo  and  Pasquin,  81 

Tydides,  23 
C.  (H.  C)  on  Freemasons  noticed  by  Gesner,  97 

Horace  not  an  old  woman,  475 

Portraits  of  Our  Lord,  290 
Chelmorton,  inscription  on  the  font,  299,  365 
Cheque,  Clerk  of  the,  62 
Cherington  (Viscount),  "  Memoirs,"  347 
Chess,  its  antiquity,  377,  428,  447  ;  works  on,  114 
Chetham  Library  Catalogue,  105 
Cheyne  (Capt.  Alex.),  his  death,  34 
Children,  burial-place  of  still-born,  34 
Children's  games,  394,  395 

Chitteldroog  on  misquotations  by  great  authorities, 
454 

Colloquialisms  not  always  vulgarisms,  511 

Hornecks  (the  Miss),  521 
Christenings  at  court  in  1607,  496 
Christian  names  from  the  Pagans,  24 
Christian  (T.  P.),  author  of  "  The  Revolution,"  435 
Christmas  customs,  395 
Chronicle,  English,  in  manuscript,  54 
"  Church,"  a  poem,  its  author,  297 
"  Church  of  our  Fathers,"  poem,  its  author,  297, 

369 

Churches  within  Eoman  camps,  173,  329,  441 
Churchman  (Eichard),  lines  on  his  death,  209 
C.  (J.  E.)  on  fardel  of  land,  358 

Tamar  manor-house,  357 
C.  (J.  L.)  on  Eichard  Adams,  42 

Peckard  (Peter),  D.D.,  his  MSS.,  35 

Washington  (Joseph),  23 
C.  (K.  E.)on  Esquire  and  academical  degrees,  377 

Throgmorton  (Sir  Nicholas),  43 
Clarence   (Lionel    of   Antwerp,   Duke    of),   coat 

armour,  330 

Clarendon  (E.  V.),  inquired  after,  496 
Clarke  (Charles),  F.S. A.  of  Balliol  College,  435 
Clarke  (Charles),  Capt.  E.N.,  435 


Clarke  (Charles),  F.S. A.  of  the  Ordnance  Office 

435 
Clarke  (H.)  on  Infidel  societies  and  Swedenbor- 

gians,  377 
Clarke  (Hyde)  on  curious  sign  manual,  529 

Seraglio  library,  526 

Clarges  (Francis),  a  cavalier,  his  letter,  238,  311 
Clergymen,  cases  of  longevity,  22,  44,  82,  123,  182. 

257 

Clerk  of  the  Cheque,  62 
Clifton,  cenotaph  to  the  79th  regiment,  11,  84 
Climachus  (St.  John),  his  "Climax,"  241 
Climate  of  England,  testimony  to  it,  95 
Clonmell  (John  Scott,  Earl  of),  Diary,  477,  529 
Clotworthy  (John),  1st  Viscount  Massareene,  344 
Cloyne  parochial  records,  272 
Club  at  the  Mermaid  Tavern,  498 
Cobbett  (Wm.).  his  learning  and  political  princi- 
ples, 370,  422,  423,  442 

Cobham  pyramid  designed  by  S.  Bridgeman,  421 
Cock  Eobin's  death  in  a  church  window,  98, 182 
Cockle,  an  Order  in  France,  117,  184,  221 
Coffee-houses  considered  a  nuisance,  493 
Coffins  and  monuments  made  before  death,  255, 

363,  423,  469 
Coin,  Danish,  355 
Coins,  Dictionary  of,  172 
Cokayne  (Mrs.)  of  Ashbourne,  20 
Cokayne  (Thomas),  barrister,  21 
Coke  (Bp.  George),  certificate,  of  Conformity,  374 
Colasterion,  information  required,  496 
Colborne  families,  171 
Cold  in  the  month  of  June,  164 
Cole  (Eobert)  on  Sir  Michael  Stanhope,  516 
Coleridge  (Herbert),  his  death,  450 
Coliberti,  a  species  of  villenage,  300,  384,  446 
Colkitto,  an  Irish  officer,  118,  183,  287 
Collier  (Jeremy),  "  Short  View  of  the  Stage,"  38 
Collier  (J.  P.)  on  verification  of  a  jest,  491 

Ealeigh  (Sir  Walter),  particulars  of,  7 ;  docu- 
ments, 108,  207,  351 

Collins  (John),  "  To-morrow,"  17,  204;  its  proto- 
type, 461 

Colloquialisms  not  always  vulgarisms,  511 
Colossus  of  Ehodes,  457 
Colvill  (Alex.),  D.D.,  noticed,  51 
Colvill  (Samuel),  noticed,  51 
Comberbach  (Mr.)  and  Milton's  third  wife,  95 
Comet  of  1581,  114,  364 
Comic  songs  translated,  76,  172,  223 
"  Common  Law,"  its  original  signification,  152,  222 
Common  Prayer-Book  printed  at  Gainsborough, 

97,  144,  164 

"  Compete,"  its  early  use  as  a  verb,  97 
Conformity,  Bp.  Coke's  certificate,  1641,  374 
Congreve  (Lieut,-Col.  Harry)  on  painting  of  the 

Siege  of  Valenciennes,  459 
South  African  discovery,  498 
Congreve  (Wm.),  his  parentage,  132 
Congreve  (Sir  Wm.),  inventor  of  iron  defences,  173 
Coningsby  (Sir  John  de),  lineage,  280,  349 
Consonants  in  Welsh,  364 
Constable  (Henry),  confined  in  the  Tower,  7 
Constantinople,  seraglio  library  at,  415,  526 
Cook  (Capt.),  ode  to  him  by  Sir  A.  Schomberg,  402 


538 


INDEX. 


Cook  (Thomas),  alderman  of  Youghal,  55 
Cooke  (T.  F.)  on  Lord  Thurlow's  residence,  200 
Cooper  (C.  H.  and  Thompson)  on  Richard  Adams, 
64 

Bankes  (George),  Vicar  of  Cherryhinton,  43 

Bentley  (Kichard),  D.D.,  530 

Bowes  (Paul),  247,  330 

Bramston  (Rev.  James),  205 

Branham  (Hugh),  271,  308 

Cambridge  villages,  271 

Clotworthy  (John),  1st  Viscount  Massareene, 
344 

Coo  (Thomas)  of  Peterhouse,  Cambridge,  43 

Forster  (Joseph)  of  Queen's  College,  258 

Gilbert  (Thomas),  Esq.,  263 

Hall  (John),  B.D.,  530 

Hawkins  (John),  20 

Hennebert  (Charles),  164 

Horrocks  (Jeremiah),  509 

Lloyd  (Charles),  the  poet,  10 

Molesworth  (John),  Esq.,  378 

Richardson  (Rev.  Christopher),  271 

Rowley  (Rev.  Joshua),  longevity,  82 

Spencer  (Beckwith)  of  Yorkshire,  498 

Symes  (Win.),  master  of  St.  Saviour's  school, 
400 

Talbot  Papers,  489 

Torre  (James),  Yorkshire  antiquary,  507 

Venables  (Col.  Robert),  120 

Watson  (Wm.),  LL.D.,  517 

Whiting  (Nathanael),  420 

Wilkinson  (Rev.  Thomas),  480 

Wood  (John),  rector  of  Cadleigh,  437 
Cooper  (G.  J.),  on  Bellamy's  translation  of  the 
Bible,  14 

Horsley  (Bishop),  portraits,  38 

Longevity  of  clergymen,  22 

Owen  Glyndwr's  parliament-house,  247 

Preface  to  the  Bible,  283 
Copan,  stereoscopic  views  of  its  ruins,  105 
Copley  (Christopher),  biography,  201 
Coriate  (Thomas),  the  traveller,  310,  369 
"  Cork  Magazine,"  author  of  an  article,  73 
Cork  parochial  records,  272 
Cornelisz  (Lucas),  monogram,  380 
Corner  (C.  T.)  on  Colossus  of  Rhodes,  457 
Corney  (Bolton)  on  Francis  Wise,  B.D.,  121 

Shakspeare's  birth-day,  225 

State-Paper  rectified,  5 
Cornish  proverbs,  208,  275 
Cornish  stannary  court,  374 
Coronets  used  by  the  French  noblesse,  80 
Corpse,  meaning  a  living  person,  296 
Corseul,  arrondissement  of  Dinan,  389 
Cotterell  (Lieut.-CoL ),  noticed,  297 
Couch  (T.  Q.)  on  Coliberti,  &c.,  300 
"  County  Families,"  claims  and  descents,  71 
Coventry  (Sir  John),  K.B.,  191 
Cowper  (B.  H.)  on  the  Newton  stone,  245,  428 
Cowper  (Mary,  Countess),  "  Diary,"  272 
Cox  (James),  his  museum,  305 
Cpl.  on  christenings  at  court,  496 

Club  at  the  Mermaid  tavern,  498 

Cokayne  (Mrs.),  20 

Donne  (John),  jun.,  21 


Cpl.  on  Markham  (Lady),  Donne's  friend,  498 

Swinburne  (Mr.),  Sec.  to  Sir  H.  Fanshaw,  12 
C.  (P.  S.)  on  Aubery  and  Du  Val,  133 

Calcebos,  its  meaning,  435 

Danish  right  of  succession,  331 

Martin  family,  349 

Mordaunt  barony,  416 

Witch  trials  in  the  17th  century,  324 
Crabtree  (Henry),  biography,  192 
Cradock  (Sir  Richard  Newton),  his  tomb,  87 
Craggs  (Thomas),  on  enigma  of  five  brothers,  199 

"  He  digged  a  pit,"  193 
Craig  (Rev.  Thomas)  of  Whitby,  22 
Crancelin  in  heraldry,  457,  522 
Cranidge  (John),  M.A-,  of  Bristol,  280 
Cranstoun   (Helen  D'Arcy),  unpublished  poems, 

147,  484 

Crapaud  ring,  142 
Crests,  on  bearing  two,  496 

Creswell   (S.   F.)  on  Judicial  Committee  of  the 
Privy  Council,  193 

Kings!  an  exclamation  in  children's  play, 456 
Cribbage,  the  ancient  Noddy,  358 
Croghan,  King's  County,  noticed  by  Spenser,  399 
Cromwell  (Oliver),  his  supposed  skull,  119,  178, 

264,  305 

Croquet,  its  derivation,  494 

Crossley  (James)  on  Dobbs'  Trade  and  Improve- 
ment of  Ireland,  63 

Crowe  field  in  St.  Martin' s-in-the-Fields,  153 
Crowne  (John),  "  Andromache,"  323 
C.  (T.)  on  the  Ballot :  three  blue  beans,  385 

Rye-House  plot  cards,  9 
Cuckoo,  notes  on  the,  394,  450 
Cuckoo  song,  its  notes,  418,  465,  508 
"  Cui  bono,"  proper  use  of  the  phrase,  192 
Cullum  (Sir  Thomas),  bart.,  relative,  55 
Cumberland  (Richard)  and  Congreve,  496 
Gumming  (James),  F.S.A.,  212,  308 
Cumnor,  Black  Bear  inn,  376,  438 
Cunningham  (Peter)  on  wit  defined,  30 
Curll  (Edmund)  and  Voiture's  Letters,  425 
Curmudgeon,  its  etymology,  319,  370 
Cuttle  (Capt.)  his  note  on  notes  not  original,  54 
C.  (W.)  on  Thomas  Gilbert,  349 

Sheen  priory  drawings,  379* 


A  on  Sir  Edward  May,  84 

Wilson  (Beau),  284 
D'Abrichcourt  family,  320,  408,  524 
"  Daily  Advertiser,"  1741,  its  value,  211 
Dalhousie  (Earl  of),  a  rejected  M.P.,  34 
Dalton  (J.)  on  "  El  Buscapie,"  512 

Camaca,  a  kind  of  silk,  518 

Dona  Luisa  de  Carvajaly  Mendoza,  418 

Library  of  the  Escorial,  Spain,  276 

Madrid,  Spanish  lines  on,  436 

Maria  de  Padilla,  149 

Moore  (Sir  John),  monument,  329 

Moses,  its  etymology  and  meaning,  344 

Psalm  xc.  9, 103 

Monograms  of  painters,  380 


INDEX. 


539 


Dalton  (J.)  on  Quadalquivir,  the  Great  Kiver,  487 

St.  Patrick  and  the  shamrock,  60,  104 

Selah,  its  meaning,  433 
Dalwick  parish  in  Peebleshire,  497 
Daniel  (George),  "  Royal  Stripes,  or  a  Kick  from 

Yarmouth  to  Wales,"  346 
Daniel  (John)  and  other  players,  240 
Daniel  (Samuel),  "  Hymen's  Triumph,"  347 
Danish  coin,  355 

Danish  right  of  succession,  134,  181,  331 
Danish  warrior  to  his  kindred,  313 
Dannaan  of  Irish  tradition,  111 
Danne-Werke  at  Schleswick,  127 
D.  (A.  P.)  onEhret,  flower-painter,  &c.,  22 
Dare  (Joseph),  inquired  after,  497 
D'Arfue  (F.  B.)  on  Perkins  family,  75 
Darling  (James),  bookseller,  his  death,  450 
Davidson  (James)  of  Axminster,  his  death,  206 
Davidson  (John)  on  Bezoar  stones,  398 

Charlemagne's  tomb,  461 

Crapaudine,  142 

Hindoo  gods,  135,  399 

Saxony  arms,  81 
Davies  ( J.  B.)  on  Wm.  Lillington  Lewis,  308 

"  Spartum,  quam  nactus  es,  orna,"  307 
Davis.  (Wm.)  on  an  old  Latin  Aristotle,  11 

Petrarcha,  edit.  1574,  74 

"  Pomponius  Mela  and  Solinus,"  ed.  1518,  96 
Davison's  case,  399,  448 

Davys  (John),  rector  of  Castle  Ashby,  death,  399 
Dawson  (Ned),  his  coffin,  423 
Death,  a  Divine  Meditation  on,  189 
Dees  (K.  K.)  on  laurel  water,  63 
Defend  =  forbid,  296 
De  Foe  (Daniel)  and  Dr.  Livingstone,  281,  366; 

"  The  Storm  of  1703,"  504 
De  la  Barca  family  arms,  73,  143 
Delalaunde  (Sir  Thomas),  noticed,  377 
Delamere  (Abbot),  brass  at  St.  Alban's,  424 
De  Leth  on  arms  of  Saxony,  64 
Dell  (William),  D.D.,  biography,  75,  221 
De  Loges  family,  321 
Denmark,  absolute  monarchy  of,  189 
Denmark  and  Holstein  treaty  of  1666,  436 
Denmark  versus  the  Germanic  Confederation,  318 
Dennis  (Henry),  monumental  inscription,  295 
Den  ton  (Wm.)  on  James  II.  at  Faversham,  391 
Derwentwater  family,  descendants,  402 
Deverell  (Mrs.  Mary),  noticed,  379 
Devil,  a  proper  name,  82 
Devonshire  doggrcl,  395 
Devonshire  local  names,  374 
D.  (G.  H.)  on  Spelman  pedigree,  523 
D.  (H.)  on  the  life  of  Edward,  Marquis  of  Wor- 
cester, 136 

Dialects  of  the  suburbs,  112 
Diaries,  publication  of,  107,  215,  261,  303,  361 
Digby  motto,  "  Nul  que  unt,"  153,  220 
Digby  pedigree,  240  ;  corrected,  466 
Dinan,  its  legends  and  traditions,  273 
Dirty  Dick,  alias  Nathaniel  Bentley,  482 
Dixon  (James)  on  Psalm  xc.  9,  57 
Dixon  (James  Henry)  on  foreign  ballad  literature, 

372 
Dixon  (R.  W.)  on  posterity  of  Charlemagne,  270 


D.  (J.)  on  Dowdeswell  family,  73 

Herbert's  Temple,  obscure  passages,  69 

Pit  and  gallows,  298 

D.  (J.),  Edinburgh,  on  Helen  D'Arcy  Cranstoun'.s 
Poems,  147 

Palindromical  verses,  93 
D.  (J.  S.)  on  family  of  De  Scarth,  134 
D.  (M.)  on  Nath.  Eaton,  of  Manchester,  73 
Dobbs   (Arthur),  "  An   Essay  on  the  Trade  and 

Improvement  of  Ireland,"  35,  63,  82,  104 
Dobson   (Wm.)  on   change  of  fashion  in  ladies' 

names,  397 

Dodsley  (Robert),  anonymous  works,  301 
Dogget  (Thomas),  rowing  match,  324 
Dogs,  epitaphs  on,  416,  469 
D'Olbreuse  (Eleanor)  of  Zelle,  11,  144,  165,  348 
Doles  of  bread  at  funerals,  35,  63,  296 
Dolphin  as  a  crest,  396,  469 
Donne  (Dr.  John),  monumental  effigy,  423 
Donne  (John),  jun.,  his  will,  21 
Dor,  a  beetle,  416,  467 
Doran  (Dr.  J.)  on  tho  Austrian  motto,  309 

Female  fools,  220 

Inquisitions  ver.  Visitations,  224 

Pamphlet,  origin  of  the  word,  169 

Swift  and  Hughes,  278 

Trials  of  animals,  218 

Dore  (Gustave),  books  illustrated  by  him,  281 
Dorset  on  Lord  Glenbervie,  176 

Longevity  of  clergymen,  182 
Dorset  House,  Fleet  Street,  9 
D.  (0.  T.)  on  Baron  Munchausen,  397 

Guadalquiver,  its  derivation,  435 

Old  joke  revived,  456 

Witty  fool,  475 

Dove  (Robert),  his  bequests,  170,  331,  388,  429 
Dowdall  (Dr.),  Abp.  of  Armagh,  32 
Dowdeswell  (Richard),  inquired  after,  73 
Drage  (Wm.),  author  of  "  The  Practice  of  Physic," 

135 

Drake  (Sir  Francis),  at  Rathlin,  89 
Droeshout  (Martin),  engraving  of  Shakspeare,  333 

—337,  340 
"  Dreams    on  the  Border-land    of   Poetry,"    its 

author,  258 
Drought  in  Spain,  56 
Druidical  remains  in  India,  53 
Drumming  out  of  the  regiment,  148 
Drummond  (Capt.  David),  epitaph,  422 
Dry  den  (John),  definition  of  wit,  30 
Dublin  University  out  of  temper  with  George  III., 

499 

"Dublin  University  Review,"  343,  447,  524 
Duchayla  (M.),  mathematician,  477,  527 
Du  Qigne  (Le  Chevalier)  on  Mark  of  Thor's  ham- 
mer, 524 

Socrates'  dog,  85 

Dudgeon  (Wm.)  of  Berwickshire,  172,  271 
Dummerer,  its  meaning,  355,  428 
Dunbar  earldom,  97 

Dunbar(Abp.  Gawin),  noticed,  112,.  200,  402 
Dunbar  (Wm.),  Scottish  poet,  156 
Dunkin  (A.  J.)  on  Reginald  Fitzurse's  chapel,  156 

London  smoke  and  London  light,  387 

Pre-death  coffins,  364 


540 


INDEX. 


Dunkin  (A.  J.)  on  Rye-House  plot  cards,  141 

Turnspit  dogs,  164 
Durden  (Oliver  de),  his  family,  115 
Durocobrivis,  a  Koman  station,  "its  locality,  119, 

165 

Duz,  or  Duzik,  a  gnome,  or  fairy,  373 
D.  (W.)  on  K.  D.  Browne,  M.P.,  270 

Ascot  races  forty  years  ago,  474 

De  Vere,  Earl  of  Oxford,  &c.,  344 

Giants  and  dwarfs,  34 

HiU  (Dr.),  petition  of  I,  115 

Mother  Goose,  331 

Nicsean  barks,  268 

Potato  and  point,  65 

Primula:  the  primrose,  132 

Punishment,  breaking  the  left  arm,  469 

Kolliad,  characters  in  the,  198 
D.  (W.  J.)  on  the  derivation  of  Amen,  33 

More  (Sir  Thomas)  and  Erasmus,  84 

Sea  of  glass,  221 
Dyer  (T.  T.)  on  a  French  Bible,  375 

Marrow  bones  and  cleavers,  467 


E. 


Earle  (John),  Bishop  of  Salisbury,  101 

Earth  a  living  creature,  286 

Earthenware  vessels  found  in  churches,  25 

Eassie  (W.)  on  Greek  and  Turkish  names,  68 

Easter,  rule  for  finding,  112 

Easter  Fowlis,  old  painting  at,  192,  466 

Eastern  King's  device,  173,  248,  348 

Eastwood  (J.)    on   "  Spartam,   quam  ntictus   es, 

orna,"  307 

Eaton  (Nathaniel),  his  relatives,  73 
Eboracum  on  folk  lore,  145 

Frith  silver,  65 

Private  soldier,  145 

Tedding  hay  in  Scotland,  145 
Edinburgh,  model  in  wood,  116,  522 
Eels,  aversion  of  the  Scotch  to,  171 
Ehret  (George  D.),  flower-painter,  22 
E.  (H.  T.)  on  Esquire,  claimed  by  vinegar  makers,  94 

Names,  their  origin,  7 1 
"  Eikon  Basilike,"  various  editions,  484 
Eirionnach  on  Archer  Butler's  Essay  on   Shak- 
speare,  343 

"Dublin  University  Review,"  524 

Geographical  garden,  348 

Milton's  "  A.  S.  and  Rutherford,"  242 

Witty  classical  quotations,  450 
Eiudon  stone,  Llandeilio  Fawr,  461 
E.  (K.  P.  D.)  on  Borrow  Sucken,  co.  Northampton, 
477 

Epitaph  on  the  Earl  of  Leicester,  185 

Funeral  of  a  suicide  at  Scone,  170 

Gaelic  manuscript,  153 
Electioneering  bill  at  Meath  in  1826,  493 
Elephant,  the  Order  of,  323 
Elizabeth  (Queen),  the  "  Hundred  Merry  Tales " 
read  to  her  before  death,  491 ;    items  of  her 
funeral  and  tomb,  434,  528 

Ellacombe  (H.  T.)  on  decay  in  stone  in  buildings, 
139 


Elma,  a  female  Christian  name,  97,  124,  308 

Elton  (Capt.  George),  319 

Elton  (Lieut-Col.  Richard),  319 

Ely  House,  Holborn,  8 

Empire,  the  Upper  and  Lower,  379,  446 

English  church  in  Rome,  431,  488 

English  Text  Society,  250 

Enigma,  monkish,  153,  199,  309,  365 

Engraving  on  gold  and  silver,  134 

Epigrams :  — 

Infancy,  196,  269 

New-born  babe,  195,  269,  328 

Pope  (Alex.)  on  Lord  Chesterfield,  156 

Epitaphs: — 

Adam  (Thomas),  alias  Welhowse,  239 

Bow  cemetery,  317 

Caroline  (Queen),  consort  of  George  IL,  242 

Calf  (Sir  John),  215 

Cats,  475 

Charles  I.,  by  J.  H.,  13 

Dogs,  three,  416 

Evans  (Rev.  Hugh)  of  Bristol,  368 

Dennis  (Henry)  at  Pucklechurch,  295 

Hart  (John),  descendant  of  Shakspeare,  342 

Harvey  (Sir  James),  Knt,,  327 

Gilbert  (Thomas)  at  Petersham,  349 

Graham  (Wm.)  at  Drumbeg,  co.  Down,  416 

Leicester  (Earl  of),  109,  146,  185 

Philipps  (Sir  Erasmus),  254 

Phillips  (Claudy),  254 

Porter  (William)  at  Bristol,  289 

Wainwright  (Thomas)  of  Warrington,  423 

Younge  (Thomas)  and  his  wife,  397 

Epitaphs,  records  of,  191 

Erasmus  and  Sir  Thomas  More,  61,  84 

Erasmus,  Bishop  of  Arcadia  in  Crete,  516 

Escorial,  Spain,  its  library,  276 

Esquire,  and  academical  degrees,  377  ;  title  claimed 
by  vinegar  makers,  94,  201 

Esquires'  basts,  explained,  438 

Essex  gentry,  notices  of,  460 

Essex  House,  Strand,  9 

Essex  (Walter,  Earl  of)  in  Ireland,  90 

Estates,  forfeited,  in  Scotland,  192 

Este  on  D'Abrichcourt  family,  524 
Sutton  Coldfield,  524 
Quotations,  527 

Ethiopians,  the  Eastern,  354 

E.  (T.  P.)  on  English  topography  in  Dutch,  55- 

Massacre  of  the  Innocents  at  Bruges,  74 
Eugene  (Prince),  his  prayer,  491 
Evander's  order,  174,  309 
Evans  (Rev.  Hugh),  tablet  at  Bristol,  368 
Evans  (Evan),  M.D.,  on  the  Turkish  Spy,  260 
Evans  (Lewis)  on  Colasterion,  496 

Lasso,  466 

Executions,  a  passion  for  witnessing,  33,  446 
Exeter  House,  Strand,  9 

F. 

F.  on  burial  offerings,  296 
Fairchilcl  and  Flower  Lectures,  332 
Fairies'  song,  author,  321 


INDEX. 


541 


Fantoccini,  Italian  puppet-show,  52 . 
Fardel  of  land  explained,  358,  406 
Farnhara  (Lord)  on  Eleanor  d'Olbreuse,  165 

Kelationship  of  the  Prince  and  Princess  of 

Wales,  188 

Farr  family  of  Great  Plumstead,  258 
Farr  (P.  S.)  on  Harrison  and  Farr,  258 
"  Fatherhood  of  God,"  author  of  the  phrase,  514 
"Feast  of  the  Despots,"  298 
Female  fools  and  jesters,  220,  249 
Fender,  a  pocket  one,  56 
Fenton  family  pedigree,  497 
Fentonia  on  Collins,  actor  and  poet,  204 
"  I  sette  Salmi,"  409 
Parietines,  428 
Portrait  of  Our  Saviour,  158 
Sentences  containing  but  one  vowel,  526 
Shakspeare  portraits,  416 
Sydney  postage  stamp,  184 
Fermor  (Arabella),  her  parents,  519 
Ferrers  family  of  Chartley,  321 
Ferrey  (B.)  on  architects  of  Pershoro  and  Salis- 
bury, 182 

Mutilation  of  sepulchral  monuments,  101 
Pre-death  coffins,  36-3 

Fidge  (Dr.),  his  boat  converted  into  a  coffin,  363 
Fielding  (Henry),  passage  in  "  Tom  Jones,"  193, 385 
Fig-one,  a  mixed  liquor,  153 
Fig-sue,  a  Scotch  dish,  153,  221,  349 
Fiji  Islands  noticed,  186 
Finlayson  (James)  on  Greatorex  family,  399 
Firminger  (Thomas)  on  execution  of  Anne  Boleyn, 

211 

Fishwick  (H.)  on  ancestor  worship,  290 
Horrocks  (Jeremiah),  astronomer,  248 
Longevity  of  clergymen,  182,  332 
Lancashire  wills  for  16th  century,  378 
Fishwick  (Rev.  James),  longevity,  182 
Fitz-Harding  (Robert),  monumental  inscription,  87 
Fitzherbert  (Mrs.),  her  children,  59 
Fitzhopkins  on  Cobbett's  classical  learning,  423 
Gaspar  de  Navarre  :  Sprenger,  125 
Irenaeus  quoted,  200 
Man  :  "  To  Man,"  467 
Shakspeare,  something  new  on  him,  342 
Fife-Hubert  (Ralph),  noticed,  414 
Fitzjames  (James),  Duke  of  Berwick,  his  descend- 
ants, 134,  202  ;  motto,  268 
Fits- John  on  Heraldic  queries,  213 
Fitzurse  (Sir  Reginald),  his  chapel,  156 
Fletcher  (Nath.),  "  The  Tradesman's  Arithmetic," 

173 

Fleur-de-lys  on  the  mariner's  compass,  41,  61 
F.  (L.  J.)  on  marriage  portion  among  Qiiakers,  530 
Flowers,  colour  preserved  in  drying,  515 
Fly-leaf  scribblings,  &c.,  110,  2&1 

Folk  Lore:  — 

Bee-hives  in  mourning,  393 

Irish,  353,  446 

Lapwing  (pwpii),  10 

Norfolk,  236 

Sun  dancing  on  Easter-day,  394,  448 

Toothache  cure,  393 
Fontaine  (John  de  la),  "  Fables,''  494 


Fool,  the  witty,  475 

Foot-cloth  nag  explained,  461 

Foote,  an  obsolete  word,  497 

Forbes  (Charles),  Count  de  Montalembert,  328 

Ford,  rebus,  or  punning  motto,  241 

Ford  (Sir  Richard),  Mayor  of  London,  242 

Forfeited  estates  in  Scotland,  321 

Forrest  (C.)  on  Watson  of  Lofthouse,  Yorkshire,  82 

Forrest  (Capt.  Thomas),  his  death,  477 

Forster  (Anthony)  of  Cumnor  Place,  439 

Forster  (Joseph)  of  Queen's  College,  Camb.,  258 

Fortescue  (James),  D.D.,  biography,  354 

Foss  (Edward)  on  fashionable  quarters  of  London. 

8,92 

Foster  family  arms,  447 
Foster  (S.  C.),  author  of  Negro  songs,  163 
Fowls  with  human  remains,  55,  182 
Fox  (Charles  James),  his  oratory,  74 
Fox  (Margaret),  arms  of  her  first  husband,  43 
F.  (P.  H.)  on  Mrs.  Mary  Deverell,  446 
Fraulein  addressed  as  baroness,  54,  80 
Frederick,  Prince  of  Wales,  satirical  epitaph,  258, 

386 

Freemasons  noticed  by  Gesner,  97 
Freke  (Thomas)  of  Bristol,  399 
Freke  (Win.),  "Lingua  Tersancta,"  76 
French-leave  explained,  494 
Friars  and  monks,  346,  427 
Frisic  literature,  123 
Frith,  a  wood,  43 
Frith  silver,  65 

Froude  (A.)  and  the  leading  parties  at  Ulster,  4.7 
F.  (R.  S.)  on  Adm.  John  Reynolds,  37 
Frumentum,  i.  e.  wheat,  13 
F.  (R.  W.)onDr.  Slop,  524 
Fulas,  or  Pholeys,  of  Gambia,  12,  44,  63 
Fuller  (Dr.  Thomas),  anonymous  Life,  281 ;  at  the 

siege  of  Basing  House,  499 
Funeral  offerings,  35,  63,  296,  387 
Fylfot,  its  derivation,  458 


G.  on  baroness,  a  foreign  title,  80 

Bloody  hand  of  Ulster,  80 
G.  'Edinburgh,  on  Brown  of  Coalston,  Oil 

Gardenstone  (Lord),  lines  on,  95 

Inchgaw,  in  co.  Fife,  248 

Longevity  of  clergymen,  44 

"  Officina  Gentium,"  177 

Pre-death  coffins  and  monuments,  469 

Plagiarisms,  487 

Succession  through  the  mother,  525 

Winton  (Lord),  escape  from  the  Tower,  175 
G.  (A.)  on  Rev.  Arch.  Bruce,  320 

Hindoo  gods,  449 

Hume  (Joseph),  a  poet,  294 

Hymns  by  the  Duke  of  Roxburgh,  238 

"  Letter  Box,"  its  editor,  321 

Plain  (Timothy),  pseud.,  298 

"  Solomon's  Song,"  1703,  its  author,  322 

"  The  Grand  Impostor,"  its  author,  50 
Gaelic  manuscript  of  songs  and  hymns,  153 
Gainsborough  Prayer-Book,  97,  144,  164 


542 


I  N  D  E  X. 


Gam  (David)  on  Sir  John  Moore's  monument,  269 

Games,  Greek  and  Eoman,  39,  65, 104,  139,  244 

Games  in  Scotland,  84 

Games  of  Swans,  &c.,  436 

Gantillon  (P.  J.  F.)  on  epigram  on  infancy,  269 

Jeffrey  (Lord),  date  of  his  death,  475 

Motto  for  a  water  company,  269 

Quotations,  495 

Wilde's  nameless  poem,  284 
Gardenston  (Lord),  lines  on,  95 
Garibaldi  (Gen.),  commendatory  lines  on,  350 
Gascoigne  (George),  poet,  noticed,  351 
Gaspar  de  Navarre,  125 

Gaspey  (Wm.)  on  Eobert  Story,  minor  poet,  369 
Gay  Science,  works  on  the,  299 
Gedney  (Kichard  Solomon),  biography,  37 
Genealogy,  bibliography  of,  190 
Geographical  garden,  173,  248,  348 
G.  (F.)  on  Fulas,  or  Pholeys,  of  Gambia,  44 
G.  (H.  S.)  on  Chaworth :  Hesdene,  114 

Fitz- James  motto,  268 

Holden  (Hyla)  of  Wednesbury,  115 

Heming  of  Worcester,  268,  489 

Williams  family  arms,  269 
Giants  and  dwarfs,  collections  for  their  history,  34, 

222 

Gibson  family  of  Kirby  Lonsdale,  376 
Gibson  (A.  C.)  on  orthography  of  Hogarth,  507 
Gifford  (Admiral  James),  288 
Gifford  (Captain  James),  288 
Gifford  (G.  S.  F.)  on  Capt.  James  and  Adm.  Gif- 
ford, 288 

Gifford  (Sir  Robert),  Master  of  the  Rolls,  59 
Gilbert  family,  108,  184 
Gilbert  (James)  on  Cromwell's  head,  180 

Raleigh  (Sir  Walter),  184 
Gilbert  (Sir  John),  letters  to  Sir  Walter  Raleigh, 

108,  184,  200,  351 

Gilbert  (Thomas),  poetical  writer,  134,  263,  349 
Gillespie  (George),  a  Scotch  minister,  118,  287 
Gilpin  (John),  Latinos  redditum,  223 
Ginevra,  story  of,  243. 
G.  (J.  A.)  on  Bacon  queries,  100 

Swallows  harbingers  of  spring,  122 

Wyat  (Sir  Thomas),  enigma,  249 
Glass  for  windows,  its  early  use,  400,  529 
"  Crleaiier,  or  Lady's  and  Gentleman's  Magazine," 

240 

Glenbervie  (Lord),  Sheridan's  pasquinade  on,  176 
Gloves  claimed  for  a  kiss,  436 
Gobbo  and  Pasquin,  a  satirical  sonnet,  81 
Goddard  (Austin  Park),  foreign  titles,  296,  407 
Godfrey  of  Bouillon's  tree,  458 
Golden  dropsy,  279 
Goldsmith's  art,  work  on,  436 
Goodrich  family,  240 
Goodyer  (John)  of  Mapledurham,  173 
Goos  (Abraham),  engraver  of  maps,  118 
Goose  intentos,  283 

Gorges  (Sir  Edward),  Knt.,  377,  443,  489 
Gotam  College,  its  foundation,  3 
Gough  (John),  arithmetician,  517 
G.  (P.  A.)  on  the  "Athenian  Mercury,"  77 
Graham  family,  arms,  478,  524 
Graham  (James),  a  soi-disant  physician,  517 


Graham  (Wm.),  epitaph  at  Drunibeg,  416 

Grandison  (John,  Baron  de),  noticed,  224 

Grant  (J.  G.),  author  of  "Madonna  Pia,"  458 

Grantham,  bronze  statues  at,  172 

Grass,  long,  464 

Grass,  the  sound  of  it  growing,  194 

Greatorex,  or  Greatrakes  family,  399,  447,  489 

Greek  and  Turkish  modern  names,  68 

Greek  epigram  on  a  new-born  babe,  195,  269,  328 

Greek  or  Syrian  princes  in  England,  478 

Greek  proverbs,  104,  244 

Greek  Testament,   edited  by   Gerard  Von  Mae- 

stricht,  420 

Green  (H.)  on  Salmagundi,  388 
Grime  on  bull-bull,  or  nightingale,  81 

Digby  pedigree  corrected,  456 

Porter  (Endymiou)  family,  177 

Robespierre's  remains,  11 

Statues  at  Grantham,  172 

Trousers,  origin  of  the  word,  220 
Grotius,  his  "Adamus  Exul"  translated,  36 
Grove  (G.)  on  situation  of  Zoar,  141 
Grumbald  Hold,  Hackney,  115,  223 
G.  (T.)  on  sibber  sauces,  460 
Guadalquiver,  derivation  of  the  name,  435,  487 
Guernsey,  governors,  temp.  Elizabeth,  328 
Gustavus  Adolphus'  letter  to  Charles  I.,  294 
Gutteridge  (Thomas),  a  doggrel  rhymist,  243 


jr. 


Haccombe  and  its  privileges,  97 

Haight  family,  98 

Hailstone  (Edw.)  on  bee-hives  in  mourning,  393 

Gilbert  (Thomas),  Esq.,  134 

Masters  (Mary),  poetess,  154 

Punishment :  "  Peine  fort  et  dure."  255 
Halifax  law,  56 

Hall  (Clarence)  on  Sutton  family,  447 
Hall  (Jo.),  author  of  "  Jacob's  Ladder,"  497 
Halley  (Edmund),  anecdote,  108 
Halley  (Edmund),  theory  of  trade  winds,  259 
HaUiwell  (J.  0.)  on  Lord  Ball  of  Bagshot,  151 

Caldecott's    unpublished    Shaksperian  MSS., 
480 

Out-set  or  out-cept,  514 

Wise  (Mr.),  librarian,  100 
Ham  Castle,  co.  Worcester,  inscription  on  a  stone, 

297,  365 
Hamilton  (Arch.),  Abp.  of  Cashel,  in  Sweden,  241, 

310,  368 

Hamilton  (Geo.),  surgeon,  portrait,  458 
Hamlet's  grave  at  Elsinore,  50 
Hammond  (Anthony),  M.P.,  330 
Hampshire  down  lands,  377 
Handasyd  (Hon.  Major-Gen.  Thomas),  his  will,  23 
Hanging  and  transportation,  191 
Hann  family,  co.  Berks,  376 
Hargrove  (Joseph)  on  funeral  offerings,  296 

Virgil's  testimony  to  our  Saviour's  advent,  42 
Harington  family,  522 
Harold,  King  of  England,  his  posterity,  13-5,  217, 

246 
Harris  (Moses),  engraver,  his  death,  458 


INDEX. 


543 


Harrison  family  of  Great  Plumstead,  258 
Harrison  (John),  chronometer-maker,  anagram,  25 
Hart  (John),  descendant  of  Shakspeare,  epitaph, 

342 
Harvey  family  of  Wangey  House,  Essex,  42,  247, 

326 

"Hastings  Chronicle,"  its  contributors,  75 
Hatchet,  the  old  custom  of  throwing  it,  516 
Hats,  fashion  of  wearing  white,  136 
Hats,  white  ones  unpopular  at  Oxford,  499 
Hatsell  (John),  Esq.,  noticed,  494 
Hawise  of  Keveoloc,  her  seal,  254 
Hawkins  (John),  author  of  "  Life  of  Prince  Henry," 

20 

Hay  (G.  J.)  on  the  grave  of  Pocahontas,  123 
Haydn  (J.  F.),  his  canzonets,  212,  288,  467 ;  sym- 
phonies, 258 

Haynes  (Major  John),  320,  427 
Haynes  (Rev.  John),  longevity,  182 
H.  (C.)  on  Charles  Left-ley,  minor  poet,  57 
Mohun  (4th  Lord),  his  death,  135 
Smyth  (Rev.  Win.),  family,  498 
Wyatt  famiry,  459 
H.  (C.  R.)  on  the  court  and  character  of  James  I., 

451 

H.  (E.)  on  the  situation  of  Zoar,  181 
Hearts,  stories  of  broken,  514 
Heath  (R.  C.)  on  the  advent  of  the  swallow,  53 
Heather  burning,  281 

Hebrew  MSS.  destroyed  by  Rabbis,  399,  485 
Heineken{E.  y.)  on  "Author  of  good,"  &c.,  123 
Heirs!,  estates  falling  to  the  Crown  for  want  of,  4 18 
Heming  family  of  Worcester,  173,  268,  355,  426, 

489 
Hennebert  (Charles),  Prof,  of  Modern  History  at 

Cambridge,  117,  164 
Henry  III.,  his  barons,  115,  460 
Henry  VII.,  letters  and  papers  of  his  reign,  450 
Henry  VIII.  and  Queen  Katharine,  pleadings  be- 
fore the  Roman  consistory,  144 
Henshall  (S.),  "Gothic  and  English  Gospels,"  421 
"  Heraclitus  Ridens,"  editor's  name,  73,  469 
Heraldry,  bibliography  of,  190 
Heralds'  Visitations  printed,  62 
Heralds'  Visitations,  an  Index  suggested,  238 
Herbert  (George),  different  meanings  of  the  word 
Wit,  163  ;  obscure  passages  in  "  The  Temple," 
69 

Herbert  (Mr.),  his  company  of  players,  497 
Hermentrude  on  Charlemagne's  posterity,  270 
Female  fools,  249 
Harold's  posterity,  246 
Isabella  (Queen),  wardrobe-book,  518 
Royal  cadency,  310 

Herodotus,  original  title  of  his  History,  153 
Herus  Frater  on  Greek  Testament,  1711,  420 

Sheridan's  Greek,  103 
Hesdene  family,  co.  Gloucester,  114 
Hewitt  family,  528 

H.  (F.  C.)  on  Black  Bear  at  Cumnor,  439  " 
Baptismal  names,  24 
Burlesque  painters,  407 
Chalmorton  font  inscription,  365 
Dor,  or  beetle,  466 
Earthenware  vessels  found  in  churches,  2o 


H.  (F.  C.)  on  Enigma  by  the  Earl  of  Surrey,  103 

Enigma,  monkish,  309 

Episcopal  seal  of  St.  David's,  448 

Fitzherbert  (Mrs.),  no  children,  83 

Fitz-James,  his  descendants,  202 

Ham  Castle,  inscription,  365 

Hymns  of  the  church,  253,  408 

Iron  Mask,  202 

Latin  quotation,  271 

Lines  attributed  to  Kemble,  184 

Magicians  of  Egypt  of  modern  time?,  151 

Monks  and  friars,  427 

Motto  for  Burton-upon-Trent  water  company, 
269 

Murtha,  a  Christian  name,  448 

Natter,  or  adder,  184 

Oliver  (Dr.  George),  202 

Paper-makers'  trade  marks,  24 

Penny  loaves  at  funerals,  63 

Pen-tooth,  or  Pin-tcoth,  43 

Pholeys,  or  Foulahs,  63 

Quotation  from  Mrs.  Hemans,  443 

Quotations  wanted,  247 

Psalm  xc.  9,  its  translation,  160 

Revalenta,  its  introduction,  24 

Rosary,  its  institution,  247 

Saints'  names  wanted,  249 

Selah,  meaning  of  the  word,  521 

Simon  and  the  Dauphin,  246 

Sortes  Virgilianse,  246 

Stepmothers'  blessings,  25 

St.  Augustine,  curious  passage  in,  355 

St.  Patrick  and  the  shamrock,  61 

Stum  rod,  365 

Swallow  and  the  returning  spring,  83 

Trial  of  animals,  218 

Twelfth  Day :  Song  of  the  Wren,  184 
II.  (F.  D.)  on  French  coronets,  80 

Salden  mansion,  Bucks,  81 
H.  (G.)  on  the  Eiudon  stone,  Llandeilo  Fawr,  461 
H.  (H.)  on  Lewis  Morris,  12 

Quotation  wanted,  527 
High  Commission  Court,  478 
Hill  family  of  Middlesex  and  co.  Worcester,  345 
Hill  of  Hales,  arms,  478,  524 
Hill  (Aaron),  lines  on  a  nettle,  43 
Hill  (Dr.),  and  the  petition  of  I,  115 
Hill  (Geo.)  on  Colkitto  and  Galasp,  287 

Mr.  Froude  in  Ulster,  47 
Hilton  of  Hilton  Hall,  family  crest,  136 
Hindoo  gods,  135,  197,  262,  399,  449;  position  of 

their  fingers,  73,  123 
Hiorne  (Mr.),  architect,  57 
Hippseus  on  Charlemagne's  posterity,  134 
Harold  (King),  his  posterity,  135 
Inquisitions  v.  Visitations,  154 
Writs  of  summons,  117 
H.  (J.  C.)  on  cenotaph  at  Clifton,  84 

Heather  burning,  281 
Hodgkin  (J.  E.)  on  "  To  Barb  "  =to  shave,  494 
Hodson  (George)  on  the  "  Kilruddery  Hunt,"  504 
EJoffman  (D.)  on  painting  at  Easter  Fowlis,  466 
Hogarth,  origin  of  the  name,  418,  507 
ffolborn  viaduct,  its  construction,  319 
Holden  (Hyla)  of  Wednesbury,  his  issue,  115,  183 


544 


INDEX. 


Holden  (0.  M.)  on  Hyla  Holden,  183 

Holder  (Thomas),  noticed,  152 

Holder  (Capt.  Tobie),  noticed,  152 

Holland  (Hugh),  poet,  his  petition,  5 

Holland  (J.),  optician,  157 

Homilies,  why  not  now  read,  173 

Hoo,  a  local  name,  its  meaning,  176,  278 

Hoods,  Ad  eundem,  239  ;  Oxford  and  Cambridge, 

517 

Hooting  thing  of  Mickleton  Wood,  478 
Hopkirk  (Thomas),  botanical  writer,  356 
Hopton  (Ealph,  Lord),  memoirs,  515 
Horace  not  an  old  woman,  475 
Horace,  Ode  xiii.,  translator  of,  in  "  The  Specta- 
tor," 173 

Hornecks  (the  Miss),  ancestry,  458,  521 
Horrocks  (Jeremiah),  astronomer,  173,  248.  367, 

466,  509 

Horsbrugh  family  of  Peebleshire,  327 
Horse  trembling  at  the  sight  of  a  camel,  387 
Horses,  Greek  custom  as  to,  153 
Horses  first  shod  with  iron,  101 
Horsley  (Bishop),  portraits,  38,  203 
Horton  (W.  I.  S.)  on  Austrian  motto,  222 

Beech  trees  never  struck  with  lightning,  201 

Churchwarden's  query,  81 

Clerk  of  the  Cheque,  62 

Devil,  a  proper  name,  82 

Monckton  family,  378 

Names,  their  origin,  249 

Passing  bell  of  St.  Sepulchre's,  S31 

Quotations  wanted,  62 

"Thou  art  like  unto  like,"  389 

"  Tony's  Address  to  Mary,"  358 
Hot  pint,  a  drink,  153 
Houghton  (W.)  on  the  lapwing,  the  pupu,  77 

Socrates'  oath  by  the  dog,  138 
Houlton  (Arthur)  on  white  hats,  136 
Houmont,  motto  of  Edward  the  Black  Prince,  136 
"  House  that  Jack  Built,"  its  author,  298 
"  Howlat,"  editions  of  the  poem,  196 
Hoy  (John),  his  Hymns,  238,  365 
H.  (T.)  on  early  works  of  living  authors,  71 
H.  (T.  A.)  on  signet-ring  of  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots, 

519 
Huddesford  (Eev.  G-eo.),  author  of  "Salmagundi," 

322 

Hugh,  Bishop  of  Lincoln,  his  Life,  272 
Hum  and  buz,  meaning  of  the  phrase,  436,  508 
Humbug,  early  use  of  the  word,  470 
Hume  (Joseph),  a  poet,  294 
"  Hundred  Merry  Tales,"  491 
Hunsdon  (the  1st  Lord),  and  his  children,  468 
Huntingdonshire,  Kev.  B.  Hutchinson's  MS.  col- 
lections, 479 

Huntingdonshire  feast,  497 
Hurtley  (Thomas),  of  Malham,  death,  497 
Husk  (W.  H.)  on  John  Braham,  the  vocalist,  318 

Change  of  fashion  in  ladies'  names,  508 

Fantoccini,  Italian  exhibitions,  52 

Hum  and  buz,  508 

Lampe  (J.  F.),  musical  composer,  92 

Mendelssohn's  oratorio,  "  St.  Paul,"  112 

Young  (the  Misses),  216 
Hussoy  (Joseph),  "A  Warning  from  the  Winds,"  505 


Hutchins  (Sir  George),  family,  175 
Hutchinson  (Bev.  Benj.),  collections  for  the  His- 
tory of  Huntingdonshire,  479 
Hutchinson  (P.)  on  Baron  Munchausen,  468 

Tombstones  and  their  inscriptions,  78 
H.  (W.  F.)  on  sword-blade  inscriptions,  113 
Hymns,  authorship  of  several,  280,  312,  345 
Hymns,  Latin,  list  of  authors,  253,  422 
Hyoscyamus,  its  qualities,  11 


I. 


Icelandic  legends,  272 

Imes  (M.  C.)  on  leading  apes  in  hell,  290 

Inchgaw,  a  barony  in  Fife,  154,  248,  288 

Index,  a  General  Literary,  131 

India,  its  Druidical  remains,  58, 

Indian  army,  published  lists  of,  460 

Infidel  societies  and  Swedenborgians,  377 

Ingledew  (C.  J.  D.)  on  George  Meriton,  480 

Ink  of  the  cuttle-fish,  322 

Investitures,  war  of,  215  .  *> 

Iota  on  anonymous  works,  514 

Christian  (T.  P.),  dramatist,  435 

Crowne  (John),  "  Andromache,"  323 

Downes  (Joseph),  355 

Grant  (J.  G.),  author  of  "  Madonna  Pia,"  458 

Jameson  (Mr.),  dramatist,  418 

"  Literary  Magnet,"  356 

Lucian  :  "  Necromantia,"  321 

"  Nemo,"  and  the  "  Anti-Nemo,"  346 

Ouseley  (T.  J.),  minor  poet,  418 

Thomson  (James),  dramatist,  459 

Thomson  (Wm.),  Scottish  dramatist,  437 
I.  (B.)  on  American  authors,  96 

"  Cork  Magazine,"  its  contributors,  73 

Gedney  (Eichard  Solomon),  37 

"Leprosy  of  Naaman,"  its  author,  55 

"Literary  Humourist,"  98 

Meacham  (John),  259 

More  (Hannah),  translator  of  her  dramas,  174 

Ehodes  (W.  B.),  dramatic  pieces,  35 

Eose  (Edward  Hampden),  259 

Sophocles,  translators  of,  242 

Terence,  translators  of,  117 

Tomkis's  "Albumazar,"  172 

Theocritus,  translators  of,  242 

"Wit  without  Money,"  a  comedy,  194 
Ireland,  folk  lore  in  the  south-east  of,  353,  446 
Ireland,  its  round  towers,  115 
Irenseus  quoted,  98 

Irish  heraldic  books  and  manuscripts,  321,  409 
Iron  defences,  their  inventor,  173 
Iron  mask  at  Woolwich,  135,  202 
Irvine  (Aiken)  on  authors  of  Latin  hymns,  422 

Wolfe,  gardener  to  Henry  VIII.,  383 
Irvine  town  council  records,  471 
Isabella,   Queen  of  Edward  II.,   wardrobe  book, 

518 

Ishmael  (St.),  Welsh  bishop,  156 
Isles,  list  of  the  bishops  of  the,  412 
Italics,  objections  to  their  use,  178,  200 
Ivan  the  Fourth,  his  relatives,  515 
Ivanlioe,  the  name  of  Sir  W.  Scott's  novel,  176 


INDEX. 


545 


J. 

J.  on  Anonymous  contributions,  307 

Austin  Friars'  church,  376 

Earl  of  Dalhousie,  34 

Heraldic  query,  241 

John  Bristow,  248 

Newh'aven  in  France,  116 
J.  (A.)  on  Inchgaw,  co.  Fife,  288 
"  Jack  of  Newbury,"  quoted,  478 
Jackson  (S.)  on  ballad  queries,  376 

Carter  Lane  chapel,  387 

Lutin  in  Switzerland,  394 

Similar  stories  in  different  localities,  375 
Jacob  (Sir  John),  Knt,,  his  family,  213,  445 
Jago  (Rev.  Richard),  "The  Blackbirds/'  153,  198 
James  I.,  court  and  character  of,  451 ;  recusants  in 

his  reign,  434 
James  II.,  capture  at  Feversham,    391  ;    at  St. 

Germains,  13 

James  V.  of  Scotland,  his  natural  son,  300 
James  (Rev.  Edw.),  vicar  of  Abergavenny,  74 
Jameson  (Mr.),  lawyer  and  dramatist,  418 
Jane  the  fool,  25 
Jay  (Sir  James),  Knt,,  M.D.,  418 
Jaydee  on  the  bullfinch,  124 

Berkholz  and  Bantysch-Kamenski,  515 

Johnson  (Michael),  of  Lichfield,  33 

Slop  (Dr.),  alias  Dr.  John  Burton,  414 
Jeffrey  (Lord),  letter  to  Bernard  Barton,  70 ;  date 

of  his  death,  475 
Jeffreys  (George  Lord),  monumental  brass  of  his 

daughter  Mary,  494 
Jenny  (Thomas),  rebel  and  poet,  132 
"Jewish  Spy"  noticed,  486 
Jewitt  (L.)  on  Thomas  Bentley  of  Chiswick,  376 

Greatorex,  or  Greatrakes  family,  447 
J.  (J.  C.)  on  a  camel  born  in  England,  132 

Fly-leaf  scribblings,  &c.,  110 

Old  London  rubbish  heap,  129 

Reliable,  its  use  defended,  58 

Trusty:  Trust,  as  used  by  Shakspearc,  231 
John  abbreviated  to  Jno.,  460 
John  (King),  portraits,  420 
Johnson  (Gerard),  effigy  of  Shakspeare,  227,  334 
Johnson  (Michael),  of  Lichfield,  bookseller,  33 
Johnson  (Dr.  Samuel)  and  baby-talk,  396 ;  chas- 
tises Osborne,  455;  "Life,"  1785,  497 
Jones  (H.  G.)  on  first  paper-mill  in  America,  222 
Jones  (H.  L.)  on  the  old  cathedral  of  Boulogne,  476 
Jones  (John),  of  Gloucester,  monument,  363 
Jones  (M.  C.)  on  posterity  of  Harold  II.,  217 
Jonson  (Ben),  lines  on  Shakspeare' s  portrait,  333, 

340 

Joseph,  Archbishop  of  Macedonia,  397 
Juel  (Niels),  noticed,  257 
Junius'  claimant,  Rev.  Philip  Rosenhagen,  16 
Justice,  when  the  name  was  first  given  to  county 

magistrates,  436,  485 
Juverna  on  Kilkenny  cats,  433 

Song,  "Farewell  of  the  Irish  Grena'dicr,v  464 
Juxon  (Elias),  inquired  after,  498 
Juxta  Turrim  on  Bp.  Andrewes's  will,  137 

Burial  Service,  passage  in,  177 

D'Abrichcourt  family,  408 


Juxta  Turrim  on  Haydn's  symphonies,  258 
Haydn's  canzonets,  212 
Hood,  Ad  eundem,  239 
Lampe  (John  Frederick),  185 
Holborn  viaduct,  319 
Robinson  (Robert),  of  Cambridge,  408 
Sack,  a  wine,  328 

K. 

Kamenski's  "  Age  of  Peter  the  Great,"  515 
Kappa  on  Sir  Wm.  Pole's  charters,  98 

Talbot  papers,  437 

Keightley  (Thomas)  on  Shakspeare  criticisms,  340 
Kelly  (Win.)  on  John  Daniel  and  other  players, 
240 

Joseph,  archbishop  of  Macedonia,  397 

Proverb  :  The  devil  and  the  collier,  282 

Shakspeare  (Thomas),  383 

Kempt  (Robert),  on  Charles  Lamb  and  Alice  W — , 
346 

Passion  for  witnessing  executions,  33 

Penny  loaves  at  funerals,  35 
Kemys  (Lawrence),  confined  in  the  Tower,  7 
Kerry,  the  Knights  of,  letter  to,  417 
Ken  (Bishop),  his  three  Hymns,  44 
Kennedy  (Rev.  James),  biography,  241 
Ker  (Sir  John)  styling  himself  Lord,  492 
Kesselstadt  (Count),  mask  of  Shakspeare,  228,  342 
Kiles,  or  Keils,  a  Scottish  game,  84, 
Kilkenny  cats  battle,  433 
Kilruddery,  the  seat  of  the  Earl  of  Meath,  404, 

442,  500 

«  Kilruddery  Hunt,"  a  ballad,  404,  442,  469 
"  Kimbolton  Park,"  a  poem,  479 
Kindlie  Tenant  right,  105 

King  (Richard  John)  on  words  and  places  in  De- 
vonshire, 374 

Kings  !  an  exclamation  in  children's  play,  456 
Kirby  (Rev.  Wm.)  his  longevity,  22 
Kirkwood  (James),  minister  of  Astwick,  Beds,  29 
Kirkwood  (James),  Scottish  grammarian,  29 
K.  (J.  M.)  on  pocket  fender,  56 

Spanish  drought,  56 

Knight  (Rev.  Sam.  Johnes),  longevity,  330 
Knowles  (E.  H.),  on  Wm.  Dunbar,  poet,  156 
Knox  (Andrew),  Bishop  of  Raphoe,  371,  450 
Knox  (Thomas),  Bishop  of  the  Isles,  411 
Kohol,  Arabic  word,  349 
Kuster  (Ludolph),  D.D.,  his  death,  115 


Ladies'  names,  change  of  fashion  in,  397,  508 
Lady,  its  derivation,  211 
Lady-day  and  Good  Friday,  224,  291 
L.  (A.  E.)  on  Charles  II.'s  illegitimate  children, 
409 

Recusants,  temp.  James  L,  434 

Sealing-wax  removed,  &c.,  419 

Zoar,  its  situation,  117 
Laelius  on  the  Rev.  Henry  Borlase,  203 

Grotius,  translation  of  "  Adamus  Exul,"  36 

Livermore  (Harriet),  pilgrim  stranger,  35 

Luther  on  the  comet  of  1531,  364 

Morris  (Lewis),  142,  325 


546 


INDEX. 


La  Langue  Eomane,  256 

Lamb   (Charles)    and  Alice  W — ,   346  ;   unpub- 
lished letter,  354 
Lamballe  (the  Princess  de),  113 
Lambert  (General),  medal,  34 
Lambeth  degrees  in  medicine,  481 
Lament  (Dr.  David),  his  death,  22,  367 
Lampe  (John  Fred.),  musical  composer,  92,  184 
Lancashire  wills,  where  kept,  377 
Lancaster  castle,  witches  confined  in  it,  259,  385 
Landale  (Mr.)  of  Dartford,  intended  coffin,  364 
Language  used  in  the  courts  of  the  Eoman  Pro- 
curator in  Palestine,  356,  444 
Lanterns  of  the  dead,  1 15 
Lapland  and  its  fauna,  44 
Lapwing  (pupa),  its  folk  lore,  10,  77,  124 
Lascelles  (John)  of  Horncastle,  his  family,  400, 

523 

Lasso,  the  earliest  notice,  399,  442,  466,  490 
Latrans  on  De  la  Barca  arms,  143 
Laud  (Abp.)  his  satirical  papers,  1 
Laurel  water  a  poison,  11,  63 
Law  family  of  Lauriston,  150 
Lawn  and  crape,  409 
L.  (C.  A.)  on  misquotations  by  great  authorities, 

525 

Lee  (the  Laird  of)  in  1685,  34,  65 
Lee  (George)  on  Brown  of  Coalston,  258 
Lee  (John),  actor,  his  character,  199 
Lee  (Thomas)  of  Darnhall,  Cheshire,  98 
Lee  (W.)  on  Joseph  Aston  of  Manchester,  370 

Butterfield  (Eob.),  «  Maschil,"  448 

Book  bindings,  405 

Cobbett's  political  principles,  442 

Customs  at  Christmas,  395 

Charade:  "  Sir  Geoffrey,"  425 

Curll's  Voiture  Letters,  425 

"  Eikon  Basilike,"  various  editions,  484 

Eugene  (Prince),  his  prayer,  491 

«  Golden  Calf,  the  Idol  of  Worship/'  457 

Hammond  (Anthony),  M.P.,  330 

"  Heraclitus  Eidens,"  469 

Horse  frightened  at  a  camel,  387 

Long  grass,  464 

Lawn  and  crape,  409 

Passi_on  for  witnessing  executions,  446 

"  Postboy  robb'd  of  his  Mail,"  448 

Shakers,  a  sect,  424 

Storm  of  1703,  504 

Younge  (John),  of  Pembroke  Hall,  386 
Leek  parish,  co.  Stafford,  its  history,  490 
Leftley  (Charles),  minor  poet,  57 
Leigh  family  of  Slaidburn,  co.  York,  116,  165 
Leighton  family,  1 35 
Le  Neve  (John),  "  Monumeuta  Anglicana,"  224, 

470 

Lennep  (John  H.  van)  on   St.  WiUibrord :   Frisic 
literature,  123 

Toad-eater,  its  etymology,  142 
Lepel  (Gen.  Nicholas),  personal  history,  98 
Leslie  (Dr.  John),  Bishop  of  Eaphoe  and  Clogher, 

453 

L'Estrange  (Joseph )»  his  case,  473 
L'Estrange  (Sir  Eoger)  and  Dr.  Walter  Pope,  462 
L'Estrange  (Thomas)  on  Crogan  hill,  399 


Letter  Box,"  edited  by  Oliver  Oldstaffe,  321 
Lewin  (Sir  Gregory),  noticed,  6 
Lewis   (Wm.   Lillington),   of   Eepton    Grammar 

School,  241,  308 

L.  (F.)  on  Matthew  Lock,  musician,  135 
L.  (H.  M.)  on  Arthur  Dobbs,  104 

Shaksperiana,  459 

Walker  (Eev.  George)  of  Londonderry,  480 
Lindsay  (J.  C.)  on  Americanisms,  133 

Herodotus's  Travels,  153 

Orbis  centrum,  104 

Trousers,  early  use  of  the  word,  136 

Wille  (J.  G.),  his  engravings,  75 
Liquor:  the  verb  "To  liquor,"  133,  221 
Liripipium,  the  tippet  of  the  English  canons,  456 
Lisle  (Eobert  Lord  de),  his  family,  154,  224 
"  Literary  Humourist,"  noticed,  98 
"Literary  Magnet,"  author  of  a  play,  356 
Livermore   (Harriet),    the   pilgrim   stranger,    35, 

220,  383 

L.  (J.),  Dublin,  on  Dobbs's  "  Trade  and  Improve- 
ment of  Ireland,"  104 

Enigma  by  the  Earl  of  Surrey,  55 

Epitaph:  "  Hoc  est  nescire,"  125 

Titans  and  Dragons ;  origin  of  the  vine,  210 

Zoar,  its  situation,  302,  369 
Lloyd  (Charles),  the  poet,  10 
Lloyd  (Miss  Elizabeth),  poem,  261 
Lock  (Matthew),  composer  of  music,  135 
Lockhart  (Sir  James),  the  Laird  of  Lee,  34,  65 
Lot's  wife,  memorial  of,  117,  141, 181,  262,  301 
London,  its  fashionable  quarters  in  the  seventeenth 

century,  8,  92 

London,  the  Visitation  of,  printed,  62 
London  rubbish  heap,  129 
London  smoke  and  London  light,  258,  329,  387 
Longevity,  remarkable  cases,  22,  33,  44,  123,  170, 

182,  257,  258,  330,  453 

Longevity  of  clergymen,  22,  44,  82, 123,  182,  257 
Loo,  inventor  of  the  game,  458 
Lord,  its  derivation,  211 
Lord  of  a  Manor  on  Digby  pedigree,  240 

Dore  (Gustave),  artist,  281 

Holy  house  of  Loretto,  145 
Lord's  Prayer,  custom  of  kneeling  when  read  in 

the  Lessons,  517 

Loretto  holy  house,  removal  to  Milan,  73,  145 
Lover  (Samuel),  "  Irish  Songs,"  433 
Lover's  Leap  in  the  Dargle,  Wicldow,  legends,  106 
Lower  (Mark  Antony)  on  Sir  John  Calf,  215 

Sargent  (John),  Esq.,  214 
Lowther  (Col.  James),  birth  and  death,  98 
Loyalty  medals,  &c ,  479,  523 
L.  (E.  C.)  on  dimensions  of  balloons,  96 

Baptismal  names,  105 

English  climate  commended,  95 

Longevity  of  clergymen,  123 

Pig  and  whistle  sign,  122 
Lucian:  "  Necromantia,  a  Dialoge,"  321 
Lunatic  asylums,  a  Eoman  historian  on,  117 
Lund  (John),  of  Pontefract,  a  poet,  282 
Luther  (Martin)  on  the  comet  of  1531,  114,  364 
Lutin  in  Switzerland,  394 
Lynch  law  in  the  twelfth  century,  132 
Lynch  (Sir  Thomas),  governor  of  Jamaica,  438 


INDEX. 


547 


Lytteltou  (Lord)  on  Aristotle's  politics,  525 
Bull  of  Burke's,  267 
Chaperon,  312 
Cobham  pyramid,  421 
Curmudgeon,  its  derivation,  370 
Hymn  writers,  312 
Italics,  their  proper  use,  200 
Judicial  Committee  of  Privy  Council,  383 
Proverbial  sayings,  136 
Quotations,  523 
"  Salmagundi,"  its  author,  322 
Witty  and  wise,  202 

M. 

M.  on  epitaph  on  a  dog,  469 

Rosenhagen  (Rev.  Philip),  16 
Mac  Cabe  (W.  B.)  on  Dinan,  its  legends  and  tra- 
ditions, 273 

Chess,  its  antiquity,  447 

Coliberti,  446 

Corseul,  arrondissement  of  Dinan,  389 

Lapwing:  witchcraft,  10 

Loo,  inventor  of  the  game,  458 
Mac  Culloch  (Edgar)  on  Sir  Edmund  Andros,  425 

Budd  (Henry),  528 

Macdonnell  (James),  of  Donegal,  family,  47 
M'Donald  (Wm.  RusseU),  editor  of  "  The  Literary 

Humourist,"  98 

Macduif  (Sholto)  on  Kindlie  Tenant  right,  105 
Machabeu  ( Jehudah),  "  Orden  de  Oraciones,"  498 
Machynlleth,  parliament  house  at,  174,  247 
McK.  (T.)  on  Dr.  Robert  Wauchop,  31 
Mackay  (A.)  on  Ensign  Sutherland,  322 
McKenzie  (Rev.  Colin),  his  longevity,  454 
Mackenzie  (Capt.  J.  D.)  on  fowls  with  human  re- 
mains, 55 
McKenzie  (Dr.  Murdo),  Bishop  of  Orkney  and 

Zetland,  453 

Maclean  (John)  on  folk  lore  in  south-east  of  Ire- 
land, 446 

Pre-death  coffins  and  monuments,  424 
M'Minimie  (E.  W.)  on  Lord  Clonmell's  Diary,  529 
Macray  (J.)  on  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots,  508 

Zsehokke's  "  Meditations  on  Life  and  Death," 

448 

Madman'sfood  tasting  of  oatmeal  porridge,  35, 64,81 
Madrid,  Spanish  lines  on,  436 
Msevius,  early  notice  of,  182 
Magicians,  the  modern  ones  of  Egypt,  151        * 
Maiden  Castle,  in  Dorsetshire,  101,  141 
M.  (A.  J.)  on  St.  Mary's,  Beverley,  51 

Epitaphs  from  the  Bow  cemetery,  317 
Man:  "  To  man,"  its  conventional  use,  397,  467 
Manchester  Free  Library  Catalogue,  429 
Maps  of  Roman  Britain,  196,  385 
Marana   (Jean  Paul),   author  of  "  The   Turkish 

Spy,"  260 

Margan  Annals,  450 
Margaret  (Queen)  of  Anjon,  letters,  26 
Marham  in  Devonshire,  374 
Maria  de  Padilla,  149 

Marine  risks  in  the  seventeenth  century,  319 
Markham  (Lady),  Dr.  Donne's  friend,  498,  522 
Markland  (J.  II.)  on  Thomas  Bentley,  509 


Markland  (J.  H.)  on  Family  burying  ground,  406 

Mutilation  of  sepulchral  monuments,  158 
Marriage  before  a  justice  of  the  peace,  400, 469, 526 
Marriages,  early,  23 

Marrow  bones  and  cleavers,  356,  467,  524 
Marsh  (J.  F.)  on  Paget  and  Milton's  widow,  325 
Marshall   (G-.  W.)  on  books  of  monumental  in- 
scriptions, 54 

"  Castle  Builders,"  its  author,  514 
Dolphin,  as  a  crest,  469 
Leigh  family  of  Slaidburn,  co.  York,  116 
Milton's  wife  and  Robert  Comberbach,  95 
Martin  family  of  Alresford  Hall,  Essex,  154,  222, 

349 

Mary  Queen  of  Scots  and  Shakspeare,  338 ;  de- 
fended by  M.  Louis  Wiesener,  411,  508;   her 
misfortunes,  112,  403  ;  offered  to  be  rescued 
from  prison  by  Both  well,  321  ;  signet  ring,  519 
Massachusetts  stone,  298 
"  Massacre  of  the  innocents,"   picture  at  Bruges, 

74,  163 

Massareene  (John  Clotworthy,  1st  Viscount),  344 
Massie  (Joseph),  political  writer,  241 
Masson  (Gustave)  on  Mary  Queen  of  Scots,  411 
Master  (Robert  Mosley),  his  longevity,  454 
Master  (Rev.  Streynsham),  his  longevity,  123 
Masters  (Mary),  poetess,  154 
Matfelon,  (St.  Mary),  alias  Whitechapel,   83,  161, 

223 

Matilda  (Empress),  Arnulphus'  Life  of,  116 
Matthews  (Henry),  on  horses  first  shod  with  iron, 

101 

Maurice  (Rev.  F.),  "  Family  Worship,"  321 
May :  Tri-Milchi,  44 
May  (Sir  Edward),  bart.,  of  Mayfield,  35,  65,  66, 

84,  142,  201,  469,  487 
Meacham  (John),  a  minor  poet,  259 
Meath,  electioneering  bill  in  1826,  493 
Meccan,  visitors  to,  213 
Medals,  loyalty,  479,  523 

Medical  degrees  conferred  by  the  Abp.  of  Canter- 
bury, 481 

Medical  legislation,  481 
Medmenham  Club,  482 
Meletes  on  Gary  family,  468 

Charlemagne's  posterity,  365 
Foreign  honours,  407 
"  Meditations  on  Life  and  Death,"  400 
Morganatic  marriages,  328,  515 
Neology  wittingly  defined,  132 
Potiphar,  an  officer  of  the  court,  347 
Sloper  (Sir  Robert),  pedigree,  498       ;•  A^. 
Wagstaffe  (Dr.  Jonathan),  299 
Memlinc  (Hans),  artist,  163 
Mendelssohn's  oratorio,  "  St.  Paul,"  112 
Meriton  (George),  a  legal  writer,  480 
Merlin,  the  Birth  of,  a  ballad,  372 
"  Mermaid,"  a  caricature  of  Mary  Queen  of  Scots, 

338 

Mermaid  Tavern  club,  498 
Merry  weather  (F.  S.)  on  Crowe  field,  153 

Stone   bridge  in  St.   Martin's-in-the-Fields, 

136 

Meschines  (Ranulph  de),  ancestry,  164,  310,  382, 
505 


548 


INDEX. 


Meteyard  (Eliza)  on  Thomas  Bentley,  509 
Mewburn  (Fra.)  on  the  Hampshire  downs  lands, 
377 

Glossary  of  Scotch  words,  514 

Nomination  of  bishops,  458 

Population  of  the  Vale  of  Avon,  357 
M.  (G.  G.)  on  painting  at  Easter  Fowlis,  192 
Mickleton  Wood,  hooting  thing  of,  478 
Microscope,  Text-Book  of  the,  312 
Middle-passing  in  a  battle,  515 
Middleton  (A.  B.)  on  passage  in  "  Tom  Jones,"  385 
Mikias,  or  Nilometer,  at  Roida,  518 
Mflborne  family  of  Gloucester,  173 
Milbourn  (T.)  on  Milborne  family,  173 
Milton  (John),  portraits,  95;  connection  between 
his  third  wife  and  Mr.  Comberbaeh,  95 ;  allu- 
sions in  his  Sonnets,  118,  242;  relationship  to 
Dr.  Nathan  Paget,  193,  325 
Ministerial  wooden  spoon,  214 
Minshull  (J.  B.)  on  Paget  and  Milton's  wife,  193 
Miscegenation,  the  latest  Yankee  word,  278 
"  Miscellanea  Curiosa,"  280,  350 
Misquotations  by  great  authorities,  454,  525 
Mitchel  (Win.),  the  Tinclarian  Doctor,  74,  124, 

359 

Mitchell  (Geo.)  on  Petrarch,  edit.  1520-3,  437 
Mitley  family  of  Yorkshire,  259 
M.  ( J.),  Edinburgh,  on  Zachary  Boyd,  54 

Beton  (Card.),  and  Abp.  Gawin  Dunbar,  112, 
403 

Fables  of  La  Fontaine,  494 

Gifford  (Sir  Robert),  59 

Hornecks  (the  Miss),  458 

Irvine  town  council  records,  471 

Peerages,  old  Scottish,  492 

Paminger  (Leonard),  musical  composer,  76 

Prints,  old,  458,  516 

Ruthven  (Lord)  of  Freeland,  210 

Ruthven,  Earl  of  Ford  and  Brentford,  188 

Stewart  (Mrs.  Dugald),  verses,  484 

Tinclarian  Doctor,  359 

Wilson  (Beau),  and  Law  of  Lauriston,  150 

Wool,  English,  in  1682,  95 
M.  (J.  C.)  on  «  Cui  bono  ?  "  192 

Curmudgeon,  its  etymology,  319 
Mogunce,  the  wicked  spirit,  478 
Mohun  (Charles,  4th  Lord),  his  death,  135 
Mohun  (Lord),  and  Duke  Hamilton,  ballad,  312 
Molly  wash-dish,  the  wag-tail,  356,  424 
Molton,  South,  Devon,  374 
Molyneux    (Thomas    More),  was  he  knighted? 

298,  366 

Monasteries,  MSS.  on  their  dissolution,  57 
Monckton  family,  378 
Money,  Romano-British,  298 
Money,  its  value,  temp.  Edward  III.,  282 
Monks  and  friars,  346,  427 
Monograms  of  painters,  380 

Montagu  (Edward  Wortley),  flight  from   West- 
minster school,  378 
Montalembert  (Cotint  de)  family,  328 
Montgomery  (3rd  Viscount),  and  the  palpitations 

of  his  heart,  498 

Monumental  inscriptions,  their  preservation,  481, 
528 ;  works  on,  54 ;  in  Bristol,  87,  289 


Moodie  (J.  W.  D.)  on  beech-droppings,  297 
Moore  (Geo.),  M.D.,  on  the  Newton  stone,  110, 

380 
Moore  (Sir  John),  monument  at  Corunna,  169,  269, 

329 

Moore  (Dr.  Mordecai),  his  family,  154 
Moore  (Peter),  house  in  Westminster,  155 
Mordaunt  barony,  416,  468 
Mordaunt  (John  Viscount),  416 
More  (Hannah),  translator  of  her  "Dramas,"  174 
Morell  (Mrs.  Ann),  parentage,  438 
Morgan  (Prof.  A.  de)  on  anonymous  contributions, 
307 

Bull  of  Burke' s,  366 

Bunyan  (John),  a  neglected  author,  455 

Duchayla  (C.  D.  M.  B.),  527 

"  Hamlet,"  Act  III.  Sc.  2,  "  Very  peacock," 
387 

Horrocks  (Jeremiah),  367 

Judicial  Committee  of  Privy  Council,  364  J 

"Miscellanea  Curiosa,"  387 

Publication  of  diaries,  107,  261,  361 
Morganatic  and  Ebenbiirtig,  235,  328,  441,  515 
Morice,  or  Morris  (Col.  John),  family,  476 
Mornington  (Lord),  noticed,  198 
Morris  or  Morice  family,  476 
Morris  (Lewis),  letter  to  Sir  Wm.  Jones,  12,  85  ; 

memoir,  142,  219,  325,  405 
Morton  family  of  Bawtrey,  419 
Moses,  etymology  and  meaning  of  the  name,  344, 

408 

Mother,  succession  through  the,  459,  525 
Mother  Goose,  her  legend,  258,  331,  384 
Motto  :  "  Fais  ce  que  tu  dois,"  &c.,  34 
Motto  scroll,  rule  for  tincturing,  516 
Mottoes  and  coats  of  arms,  works  on,  77 
Mottoes  wanted,  116,  269 
Mounds  of  human  remains,  191 
Mount  Athos,  its  monastic  libraries,  437 
Mozarabie  liturgy,  its  collects  transferred  to  the 

English  Prayer-Book,  123,  267 
Mozeen  (Thomas),  comedian  and  singer,  502,  503 
Muir  (Thomas),  his  transportation,  279 
Mulgrave  (Lord),  story  of  his  chaplain,  204 
Munchausen  (Baron),  anticipated,  397,  468 
Murray  (A.  E.)  on  John,  or  Jno.,  460 
Murtha,  a  Christian  name,  356,  448 
M.  (Y.  S.)  on  angelic  vision  of  the  dying,  448 

N. 

Names,  modern  Greek  and  Turkish,  68 
Names  descriptive  of  individual  character,  71,  249 
Napoleon  the  First,  his  several  levies,  1 35 
Nash  (R.  W.  H.)  on  acrostic  :  Christ,  355 
Natter,  and  natter-jack,  64,  125,  184,  224 
Neef,  its  derivation,  346,  427 
Neil  (Samuel)   on  Ben  Jonson's  lines  on  Shak- 
speare's  portrait,  340 

Shakspeare  folio,  1632,  233 

Shaksperian  criticisms,  230 

Wit,  its  various  meanings,  308 
"Nemo,"  and  the  "Anti-Nemo,"  346 
Neology  wittingly  explained,  132 
Newhaven  in  France,  116,  141,  16o 


INDEX. 


549 


Newington  Butts,  its  old  bridge,  141 
Newingtonensis  on  the  Apocalypse,  417,  420 

Hebrew  manuscripts,  399 

Septuagint  interpolated  by  Jews,  429,  524 
Newlin  (J.  W.  M.)  on  Nicholas  Newlin,  55 
Newlin  (Nicholas),  family  and  arms,  55 
Newspapers,  sets  of  English  county,  515 
Newton  stone,  110,  245,  380,  428 
New  Year's  Day  customs  in  Scotland,  153,  221, 

350 

Nicsean  barks,  268 

Nichols  (John  Gough)  on  the  Ardens  of  Warwick- 
shire, 492 

Divine  Meditation  on  Death,  189 
Nicholson  (B.)  on  passage  in  "  Cymbeline,"  234 

Prospero,  Duke  of  Milan,  his  hulk,  226 

Shakspeariana,  49,  50 

Tom  or  John  Drum's  entertainment,  148 

Twelfth  Night,  passage  in,  229 
Nkols  (Kev.  William),  noticed,  356 
Nile,  its  source  described  in  1668, 113;  discovered 

by  Capt.  Speke,  118 
N.  (J.  G.)  on  Elma,  a  female  Christian  name,  97 

Epitaph  upon  Charles  I.,  13 

Justice,  as  applied  to  county  magistrates,  486 
Norfolk  folk  lore,  236 
Norman  (E.  J.)  "  Sound  of  the  grass  growing," 

194 

Normandy,  expulsion  of  the  English  from,  44 
Norreys  (Capt.  John)  at  Carrickfergus,  90 
North  (T.)  on  ring  mottoes,  33 
Northamptonshire  inhabitants  of  Celtic  extraction, 

298 

Northumbrian  money,  56 
Norwich  ale,  its  potent  effects,  513 
Notes  and  Queries,  hints  to  anonymous  contribu- 
tors, 238,  307,  330 

Notker,  a  monk  of  St.  Gall,  his~antiphon,  177 
N.  (T.  C.)  on  Bowyer  House,  Camberwell,  151 

Budd  (Henry),  528 

Harvey  family,  247 

Newington  Butts,  its  old  bridge,  141 
Nugent  (Chevalier  Laval),  foreign  titles,  296 
Nugent  (Thomas),  foreign  titles,  296 
N.  (W.  L.)  on  the  hooting  thing  of  Mickleton 
Wood,  478 

0. 

Oath  administered  to  sheriffs,  157 

Oath  as  taken  in  India,  277 

Oath  "ex  officio,"  135,  221 

O'B.  (J.),  Dublin,  on  swallows  harbingers  of  sirm- 

mer,  122 

O'Connell  (Maurice),  "  The  Rueful  Quaker,"  437 
"  Officina gentium, "used  byBp.  Jornandes,  157, 177 
Ogham  characters,  111,  245 
0.  (J.)  on  Robert  Burns,  jun.,  62 

Kirkwood    (James),   two    authors    of   these 
names,  29 

Mitchel  (Wm.),  the  Tinclarian  doctor,  74 
Oliver  (Drs.  George),  two  antiquaries,  137,  202 
O'Neill  (Shane),  expedition  against  the  Scots,  48 
Orbis  centrum,  104 
Order  of  the  Cockle  in  France,  117,  184,  221 


Order  of  the  Elephant,  323 

Order  of  Victoria  and  Albert,  281,  322 

Orientation  of  St.  Peter's  at  Rome,  516 

Ouseley  (T.  J.),  inquired  after,  418 

Out-set,  or  out-cept,  514 

Owl,  a  proscribed  bird,  71,  143 

"  Owl,"  a  satirical  periodical,  512 

Oxford  (De  Vere,  Earl  of)  and  the  battle  of  Rad- 

cot  Bridge,  344 
Oxoniensis  on  Baptismal  names,  22 

Beverley  minster,  lines  on,  52 

Burton  (John),  D.D.,  13 

Charles  II.,  his  illegitimate  children,  211 

Church  music,  257 

Colkitto,  183 

Easton  Maudit  parish  registers,  483 

Epigram  on  Infancy,  269 

Madman's  food  tasting  of  oatmeal,  64 

Owl,  a  proscribed  bird,  71 

Rob  Roy,  allusions  in,  281 

Sea  of  glass,  155 

Wigan  (John),  M.D.,  37 

Witty  classical  quotations,  369 

P. 

Pack  (Major  Richardson),  biography,  118 

Paget  (Dr.  Nathan),  relationship  to  Milton,  193, 

325 

Painter  to  his  Majesty,  56 
Painters,  burlesque,  345,  407 
Painter's  canvass,  stamp  duty  on,  99,  141,  182 
Palindromical  verses,  93 
Paminger  (Leonard),  musical  composer,  76 
Pamphlet,  its  etymology  and  signification,  167,  290 
Paper-makers'  trade  marks,  24,  65 
Paper-mill  first  erected  in  America,  222 
Papworth  St.  Agnes,  co.  Cambridge,  212,  271 
Papworth  St.  Everard,  co.  Cambridge,  212,  271 
Papworth  (Wyatt)  on  Matthew  Brettingham,  63 

Funeral  and  tomb  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  528 

Hamlet's  grave,  50 

Orientation  :  St.  Peter's  at  Rome,  516 

Vanburgh  (Sir  John),  drawings,  498 
Paradin's  "  Devises  Heroiques,"  339,  447, 485,  528 
Paragram,  ancient  Greek,  257 
Parietines,  its  meaning,  281,  428 
Park  (Justice  Allan),  reverence  for  the  Lord's  Day, 

28 

Parker  (Mary  Ann),  the  circumnavigator,  75 
Parliamentary  sittings,  time  of  assembling,  438 
Parochial  registers,  right  to  copy,  58 
Parochial  registers  :  Wilby,  co.  Northampton,  243 ; 

Easton  Maudit,  483 
Parson  Chaff,  its  meaning,  281 
Pasticcio  Operas,  169 

"Patience  on  a  monument,"  where  to  be  seen,  418 
Patrick  (St.)  and  the  shamrock,  40,  60,  79,  104 
P.  (D.)  on  the  English  Protestant  church  in  Rome, 
488 

Crancelin  bearing,  522 

Fleur-de-lys  on  the  mariner's  compass,  61 

Heraldic  queries,  301,  524 

Loyalty  medals,  523 

Meschines,  382 


550 


INDEX. 


P.  (D.)  on  old  cathedral  of  Boulogne,  506 

Wise  (Francis),  B.D.,  121 
Peacock  (Edward)  on  arms  wanted,  311 

Baxter  (Thomas),  "The  Circle  Squared/'  348 

Callis  (Robert),  134 

Clarges  (Francis),  M.P.,  311 

Copley  (Christopher),  201 

Eastern  king's  device,  248 

Gainsborough  Prayer-Book,  164 

Torre  (James),  Yorkshire  antiquary,  507 
Peckard  (Rev.  Peter),  D.D.,  his  MSS.,  35 
Pedigree,  evidence  in  proof  of  one,  459,  520 
"Peine  fort  et  dure,"  punishment  for  not  pleading, 

255,  324 

Pelham  family,  321 
Penni  (Lucca),  monogram,  380 
Pennsylvania,  slavery  prohibited  in,  480 
Penny  loaves  at  funerals,  35,  63,  296 
Pen-tooth,  or  pin-tooth,  provincialism,  43 
Pentycross  (Rev.  Thomas)  of  Wallingford,  272 
Percy  (Bp.  Thomas),  entries  in  the  Wilby  register, 

244 ;  in  that  of  Easton  Maudit,  483 
Perkins  family,  co.  Leicester,  75 
Pershore  Abbey,  its  architect,  182 
Petrarch,  value  of  the  edition,  1520-3,  437  ;  edit. 

1574,  74 

Petrie  collection  of  ancient  music,  49  8 
Pews  before  the  Reformation,  43 
P.  (G.),New  York,  on  the  Empress  Maud,  116 
Philander  ( Joakim),  «  The  G-olden  Calf,"  457 
Philip  (King),  lines  on,  103 
Philipps  (Sir  Erasmus),  epitaph,  254 
Phillips  (Claudy),  musician,  epitaph,  25  i 
Phillips  (Jonas  B.),  American  dramatist,  96,  386 
Phillips  (J.  P.)  on  children's  game,  394 

Holland  (J.),  optician,  157 

Johnson  (Dr.  Samuel)  and  baby-talk,  396 

Morris  (Lewis),  85,  219 

Pack  (Major  Richardson),  118 

Shakspeare  relic,  456 

Shoful,  a  slang  word,  145 

Williams  (Mrs.),  Miscellanies,  254 
Phillott  (F.)  on  Lord,  Lady,  their  derivation,  211 

Owl,  an  ill-omened  bird,  143 

Wit,  its  various  uses,  82 
Pholeys,  or  Fulas,  of  Gambia,  12,  44,  63 
Picton  (J.  A.)  on  Maiden  Castle,  141 

Team,  its  proper  definition,  187 

Wit,  origin  of  the  word,  161 
Piesse  (Charles)  on  Vichy,  165 
Piesse  (Septimus)  on  Laurel  water,  63 

Nile,  its  sources  discovered  in  1668, 113 
Pig  and  Whistle,  a  sign,  122 
Pigott  (Henry),  longevity,  332 
Pinkerton  (Win.)  on  Cromwell's  head,  178,  305 

"Est  Rosa  flos  veneris,"'  15 

Mitchel  (Wm.),  the  Tinclarian  Doctor,  124 

Paradin's  "  Devises  Heroiques,"  485 

Prototype  of  Collins' s  "  To-morrow,"  461 

Robin  Adair  :  Kilruddery  Hunt,  &c.,  500 

St.  Patrick  and  the  shamrock,  40,  79 

Shakspeare  and  Mary  Queen  of  Scots,  338 

Venables  (Col.  Robert),  99 
pit  and  gallows,  when  last  inflicted,  298 
pitt  diamond,  its  history,  357 


Pitt  (Wm.)  and  Charles  Fox,  their  oratory,  74 
Place  (Mr.)  and  "  The  Clergyman's  Law,"  517 
Plagiarisms,  general,  "The  Groves  of  Blarney," 

&c.,  432,  487,  523 

Plain  (Timothy),  nom  de  plume,  298,  388 
Plato's  foresight  of  Shakspeare,  63 
"Play  uppe  The  Brides  of  Enderby,"  378 
"  Plymouth  Beauty,"  a  print,  458 
Plymouth  Sound,  draught  of,  320 
P.  (M.)  on  Arabella  Fermor,  519 
Markham  (Lady),  522 
Monumental  inscriptions  at  Dunkirk,  515 
Pocahontas,  an  Indian  princess,  her  grave,  123 
Poets  Laureat,  lists  of,  312 
Pole  (Sir  William),  his  charters,  98 
Polhill  (Edw.)  of  Burwash,  his  death,  419 
Pomeroy  (Rev.  Joseph),  his  coffin,  424 
"  Pomponius  Mela  andSolinus,"  edit.  1518,  96, 144 
Pope  (Alex.),  epigram  on  Chesterfield,   156,  248  ; 
portrait  noticed  by  Sterne,  135  ;  supposed  dis- 
covery of  his  portrait,  72,  137 
Pope  (Rev.  F,  S.)  of  Whitby,  20 
Pope  (Luke),  author  of  "  History  of  Middlesex," 

400 
Pope  (Dr.  Walter),  poem  "  The  Old  Man's  Wish," 

461 

Porchester  church,  inscription,  479,  530 
Porter  (Endymion),  his  family,  117 
Porter  family  monumental  inscriptions,  289,  368, 

529 
Porter   (Mrs.   Sarah),   Queen   of  the   Touters   at 

Tunbridge  Wells,  a  print,  458 
Portlock   (Capt.    Nathaniel),    noticed,    375,    425, 

489 

Postage  stamps,  exchange  of  foreign,  418 
Post-office,  historical  account,  410 
Potato  and  point,  65 
Potiphar,  an  officer  of  the  court,  347 
Potter  (Barnaby),  Bishop  of  Carlisle,  214 
Poulet  (George),  noticed,  213 
Powell  (Rev.  James),  his  longevity,  123 
P.  (P.)  on  engraving  by  Bartolozzi,  377 

Mutilation  of  sepulchral  monuments,  22 
"  Patience  on  a  monument,"  418 
Red  Cross  Knights,  or  Templars,  489 
Welsh  burial  offerings,  387 
Witches  in  Lancaster  Castle,  385 
Pratt  family  of  Coleshill,  Berks,  174,  249 
Pratt  (Geo.)  on  Pratt,  baronets  of  Coleshill,  174 
Prayers,  Private,  for  the  laity,  193,  270 
Prester  (John)  in  the  arms  of  the  see  of  Chichester, 

279 

Prestoniensis  on  longevity  of  clergymen,  65,  123 
Prideaux  (John),  Bp.  of  Worcester,  portrait,  243 
Primrose,  the  primula,  132,  202 
Primula:  the  primrose,  132,  202 
Prior  (Matthew),  origin  of  the  "  Thief  and  Corde- 
lier," 475,  528 

Private  soldier,  meaning  of  the  phrase,  144,  185 
Privy  Council,  meeting  of  the  Judicial  Committee 
of,  193,  267,  364,  383 

Proverbs  and  Phrases  :  — 

Cornish  proverbs,  208,  275 
Cui  bono,  its  proper  use,  192 


INDEX. 


551 


Proverbs  and  Phrases  :  — 

Every  dog  has  his  day,  and  a  cat  has  two 
Sundays,  97,  185 

Fatherhood  of  God,  514 

Hatter  :  As  mad  as  a  hatter,  24,  64,  125 

I  got  my  kail  through  the  reek  for  that,  77 

Language  given  to  man  to  conceal  his  thoughts, 
34,  216 

Needs  must  when  the  Devil  drives,  136,  203 

One  half  of  the  world  knows  not  how  the  other 
lives,  136 

One  swallow  does  not  make  a  summer,  53,  83 

"  Revenons  a  nos  moutons,"  346,  408 

Eose :  "  Est  Rosa  flos  veneris,"  15,  64 

Tag,  rag,  and  bobtail,  518 

Thou  art  like  unto  like,  as  the  Devil  said  to 
the  Collier,  282,  389 

"We  praise  the  food  as  we  find  it,  117 

We  praise  the  fool  as  we  find  him,  117 
Prowett  (C.  G.)  on  ^Enigmata,  257 

Bull  of  Burke's,  445 

"  Hamlet,"  passage  in,  426 

"Troilus  and  Cressida,"  passage  in,  426 
Pryce  (Gm)  on  monumental  inscriptions  in  Bris- 
tol, 87,  368 

Southey's  birth-place,  249 
Psalm  xc.  9,  its  translation,  57,  83.  102,  160 
Psalms — "  I  Sette  Salmi,"  its  author,  98,  409 
Puck,  his  eastern  origin;  394 
Pumice  stone,  its  domestic  uses,  56 
Punishment  for  not  pleading,  255,  324 
Puppet-show  exhibitions  of  the  last  century,  52 
Purcell  (Henry),  song  "  Let  the  dreadful  engines," 

472 

Purgatory,  a  pagan  superstition,  373 
Purnell  (T.)  on  Lewis  Morris,  142 
Purser  (Richard),  a  centenarian,  170 
P.  (W.)  on  the  broad  arrows,  165 

Cold  in  June,  164 

Epitaphs,  records  of,  191 

Glass,  its  early  use  in  England,  529 

Homilies  read  in  churches,  173 

Monasteries,  manuscripts  on,  57 

Painter  to  His  Majesty,  56 

St.  Swithin's  Day,  164 

Tombstones  and  memorials,  528 
P.  ("W.  P.)  on  manuscript  English  Chronicle,  54 

Cock  Robin's  death  in  a  church  window,  98 

Cuckoo  song,  465 

Pumice  stone,  its  uses,  56 
P.  (Y.)  on  burial-place  of  still-born  children,  34 

Madman's  food  tasting  of  oatmeal  porridge,  35 

Q. 

Quadalquivir,  "  the  Great  River,"  435,  487 
Quakers'  Yards  in  Wales,  194 
Quakers'  marriage  portion  to  servants,  530 
Queasy  =  ticklish,  qualmish,  171 
Questman,  parochial  officer,  34,  65,  81,  183 

Quotations :  — 

A  human  heart  f-hould  beat  for  two,  271 
"Aut  tu  es  Morns  aut  nullus,"  61,  84 
Author  of  good  !  to  Thee  I  turn,  123,  27 1^ 


Quotations  :  — 

Death  hath  a  thousand  wavs  to  let  out  life, 

142 
For  me  let  hoary  Fielding  bite  the  ground, 

495,  523 

God  and  the  doctor  we  alike  adore,  62,  469, 

527 

God  from  a  beautiful  necessity  is  love,  271 
Green  wave  the  oak  for  ever  o'er  thy  rest,  378, 

443 

He  digged  a  pit,  193 
He  set  as  sets  the  morning  star,  495,  523 
I  had  no  friend  to  care  for  me,  437 
Knowledge  that  leaves  no  trace  of  acts  be- 
hind, 322 
No  spot  on  earth  but  has  supplied  a  grave, 

378 

Nullum  quod  tetigit  non  ornavit,  197 
0  God  of  glory !     Thou  hast  treasured  up,  75 
Perhaps  it  was  right  to  dissemble  your  love, 

119,  184 

Qui  Christum  noscit,  &c.,  83,  105,  126,  247 
Spartam,  quam  nactus  es,  orna,  260,  307,  444 
This  book,  when  brass  and  marble  fail,  378, 

527 

This  world's  a  good  world  to  live  in,  114 
Westward  the  course  of  empire  takes  its  way, 

496,  523 
Woman's  will,  300 

Quotations,  on  verifying,  290 

R. 

Radcot  Bridge  battle,  398,  488 

Raffles  (Rev.  Dr.),  autographs,  259 

Raid,  early  use  of  the  word,  400 

Raine  (Henry),  marriage  portion  to  females,  475 

Raleigh  (Sir  Walter),  documents    regarding,  108, 

184,  200,  207,  351  ;  unpublished  particulars,  7 
Randell  (Mrs.  Maria  Eliza),  her  MSS.,  419 
Rapier  family  pedigree,  213 
Rathlin,  its  reduction  in  1575,  89 
R.  (C.  J.)  on  Heming  family  of  Worcester,  173' 

Leigh  family  of  Yorkshire,  165 

Quotations  wanted,  62 

Richardson  family,  165 

Rowe  (Cheyne),  an  author,  298 

Rowe  (John),  serjeant-at-law,  10 

Seal  found  in  Yorkshire,  165 

Sevenoke  (Sir  William),  arms,  37 

Torrington  family,  56 
Reardon  (J.)  on  Sir  Edward  May,  66 
Red  Cross  Knights,  or  Templars,  407,  489 
Redmond  (S.)  on  great  battle  of  cats,  133 

Brown  (Robert  Dillon),  M.P.,  369 

Folk  lore  in  Ireland,  353 

"  Irish  Tutor,"  its  author,  479 

Murtha,  a  Christian  name,  356 

Oath  taken  in  India,  277 

Plagiarisms  :  "  The  Groves  of  Blarney,"  432 

"Rueful  Quaker,"  by  Maurice  O'Connell,  437 

"  Robin  Adair,"  442 

Sun-dancing  on  Easter  Sunday  morning,  448 

Surnames,  443 

Voster  (Dan.)  and  John  Gough,  517 


552 


INDEX. 


Eeliable,  the  use  of  the  word  defended,  58,  85,  266, 

329 

Resurrection  Gate,  St.  Giles' -in-the-Fi  elds,  67,  165 
Eetreat  applied  to  a  muster  of  troops,  119,  202,  248 
Revalenta,  its  origin,  24,  200 
Reynolds  (James)  on  St.  Mary  Matfelon,  83,  161 
Reynolds  (Adm.  John),  biography,  37 
E.  (H.  E  )  on  marrow-bones  and  cleavers,  524 
Eheged  (Vryan)  on  whipultre,  or  holly,  385 
Ehodes  (W.  B.),  dramatic  pieces,  35 
Eichard  III.,  letters  and  papers  of.  his  reign,  450 
Eichardson  family,  72,  123,  165,  527 
Eichardson  (Charles),  LL.D.,  his  early  work,  71 
Eichardson  (Rev.  Christopher),  parentage,  213, 271 
Eichardson  (Sir  Thomas),  noticed,  124 
Eichmond  court  rolls,  437 
Eichmond  (Frances  Stuart,  Duchess  of),  engraved 

as  Britannia  on  coins,  37 
Eifling,  its  early  invention,  435 
Eimbault  (Dr.  E.  F.)  on  the  Black  Bear  at  Cum- 
nor,  438 

Bentley  (Thomas)  of  Chiswick,  449 

Braham  (John),  the  vocalist,  444 

Dove  (Robert),  his  bequests,  429 

Exhibition  of  sign -boards,  1 4 

Oratorio  of  "  Abel,"  467 

Resurrection-gate,  St.  Giles'  s-in-the-Fields,  67 

Shurley  (John),  voluminous  writer,  80 

"  Three  blue  beans  "  and  the  ballot,  444 
Eing  mottoes,  33 
Eivetus  (Andreas),  anagram,  53 
Eix  (Joseph),  M.D.,  on  James  Prendeville,  269 
Eix  (S.  W.)  on  Mrs.  BaTbauld's  Prose  Hymns,  33 
E.  (M.  S.)  on  cenotaph  to  79th  regiment  at  Clif- 
ton, 11 

Cheyne  (Capt.  Alexander),  34 
E.  (N.  H.)  on  book  hawking,  70 

James  II.  at  St.  Germain's,  13 
Eobespierre's  remains,  11 
Eobin,  a  parricide,  347,  407 
Eobin  Hood,  his  birth-place,  293 
Eobinson  (C.  J.)  on  Cary  family  in  Holland,  398, 
525 

French  leave,  origin  of  the  term,  494 
"Rob  Eoy,"  allusions  in,  281 
Eobsart  (Amy),  her  death,  439 
Eod  used  in  ladies'  schools,  203 
Eofie  (Alfred-)  on  John  Frederick  Lampe,  184 

Pasticcio  Operas,  169 

Purcell's  song,  "Let  the  dreadful  engines,"  472 
Eogation  days,  works  on,  131 
"  Eolliad,"  characters  in  it,  198 
Eomaine  (Eev.  Wm.),  Christian  name  of  his  wife, 

298 

Eoman  camps,  churches  within,  173,  329,  441 
Eoman  games,  39,  65,  139,  244 
Eomano-British  money,  298 
Eome,  the  English  church  in,  431,  488 
Eosary,  its  original  institution,  154,  247 
Eose  :  "  Est  Eosa  flos  veneris,"  15,  64 
Eose  (Edward  Hampden),  works,  259,  327 
Rosenhagen  (Rev.  Philip),  a  Junius  claimant,  16 
Eoss  parochial  records,  272 
Rotation  Office,  213 
Eound  towers  of  Ireland,  115 


Eowe  (Cheyne),  an  author,  298 

Eowe  (John),  serjeant-at-law,  10 

Eowlands  (W.  B.)  on  battles  in  England,  488 

Delalaunde  (Sir  Thomas),  377 

Virgil's  testimony  to  our  Lord's  advent,  42 
Eowley  (Eev.  Joshua),  longevity,  63,  82 
Roxburgh  (Duke  of),  his  hymns,  238,  365 
Royal  arms  explained,  100 
Royal  cadency,  213,  310,  366 
R.  (S.  Y.)  on  Ursula,  Lady  Altham,  284 

Acland  (Rev.  John),  320 

Ardesoif  (J.  P.),  R.N.,  435 

Bailley  (Sir  Charles),  284 

Ballard  (Colonel),  320 

Bentley  (Nathaniel),  "Dirty  Dick,"  482 

Bolton  (James),  botanical  artist,  345 

Bristow  (John),  97 

Brook  (Abraham),  355 

Bryan  (Mrs.  Margaret),  355 

Budd  (Henry)  of  Guernsey,  417 

Chaigneau  (William),  11 

Chandler  (Richard),  151 

Cherington  (Viscount),  347 

Clarendon  (R.  V.),  496 

Clarkes  (three  Charles),  435 

Cotterell  (Lieut-Colonel),  297 

Cook  (Thomas),  alderman  of  Youghal,  55 

Coventry  (Sir  John),  K.B.,  191 

Cranidge  (John),  M.A.,  280 

Gumming  (James),  212 

Dare  (Josiah),  497 

Davys  (John),  rector  of  Castle  Ashby,  399 

Deverell  (Mrs.  Mary),  379 

Dudgeon  (William),  172 

Elton  (Lieut.-Col.  and  Capt,  George),  319 

Forrest  (Capt.  Thomas),  477 

Fortescue  (James),  D.D.,  354 

Goodyer  (John)  of  Mapledurham,  173 

Hamilton  (Geo.):  Capt.  Edwards,  458 

Harris  (Moses),  engraver,  458 

Holder  (Thomas  and  Capt,  Tobie),  152 

Hopkirk  (Thomas),  356 

Hurtley  (Thomas)  of  Malham,  497 

Jay  (Sir  James),  Knt,  M.D.,  418 

Jenny  (Thomas),  rebel  and  poet,  132 

Lewis  (Wm.  Lillington),  241 

Lund  (John)  of  Pontefract,  282 

Massie  (Joseph),  political  writer,  241 

Molyneux  (Thomas  More),  298 

Parker  (Mary  Ann),  circumnavigator,  75 

Pope  (Luke),  author  of  "  History  of  Middle- 
sex," 400 

Portlock  (Capt.  Nathaniel),  375 

Polhill  (Edward),  Esq.,  of  Burwash,  419 

Spence  (William),  .entomologist,  214 

Stephens  (Peter),  Esq.,  419 

Sutton  (John)  M.D.,  175 

Townsend  (Thomas),  Esq.,  barrister,  419 

Verral  (William)  of  Lewes,  322 

Watson  (John),  rector  of  Kirby  Cane,  401 

Wilkinson  (Rev.  Thomas),  459 

Williams  (John)  alias  Anthony  Pasquin,  175 

Wolfe,  gardener  to  Henry  VIII.,  194,  269 

Wood  (Wm.),  author  of  "  A  Survey  of  Trade," 
195 


INDEX. 


553 


E.  (S.  Y.)  on  Yeomans  (John),  of  Chelsea,  420 

Euegg  (E.  H.)  on  Esquires'  basts,  438  .     . 

Euffolcia,  a  castle  of  the  Braces,  154 

Eundale  tenure,  194 

Euthven,  Earl  of  Ford  and  Brentford,  188 

Euthven  (Lord),  noticed,  210 

Buthven  (Patrick),  noticed,  270,  294 

Eye  (Walter)  on  Erasmus  and  Sir  Thos.More,  61 

Ealph  Fitz-Hubert,  414 
Eye-House  plot  cards,  9,  141 

S. 

S.  on  execution  for  witchcraft,  21 

Lamont  (Dr.  David),  22 
Sack,  a  wine,  328,  488 
Saddles  mark,  116 
S.  (A.  G.)  on  language  used  in  Eoman  courts,  444 

"  Spartam,  quam  nactus  es,  orna,"  307 
Sage  (E.  J.)  on  Harvey  of  Wangey  House,  42,  326 
St.  Alban's,  Chronicles  of,  450 
St.  Andrew's,  Holborn,  its  monuments,  380 
St.  Augustine  and  the  mystery  of  the  Trinity,  40, 

61,  79 ;  curious  passage  in,  355 
St.  Bacchus,  noticed,  249 
St.  Dominic  and  the  evil  spirit,  345,  407 
St.  Germain's,  its  court  temp.  James  II.,  13 
St.  G-iles's-in-the-Fields,  its  Eesurrection  gate,  67, 

165 

St.  Ishmael,  a  Welsh  bishop,  156 
St.  Leonard's  (Lord),  his  early  work,  71 
St.    Mary  Matfelon,  alias  Whitechapel,  83,   161, 

223 

St.  Patrick  and  the  shamrock,  40,  60,  79,  104  ;  his 
wife  and  wife's  mother,  104;  Memoirs  of  his 
Life,  25 

St.  Peter's  at  Eome,  its  orientation,  516 
St.  Eemigius,  or  Remi,  noticed,  249 
St.  Romulus,  noticed,  249 
St.  Sepulchre's  passing-bell,  170,  331,  388,  429 
St.  Swithin  on  an  anecdote,  477 

Austrian  motto,  309 

Corpse :  Defend,  296 

Dor,  a  drone  bee,  416 

Leading  apes  in  hell,  424 

Pre-death  coffins,  423 

Sentences  containing  but  one  vowel,  526 

Wig,  its  etymology,  427 
St.  Swithin's  Day  in  1623,  1628,  164 
St.  T.  on  the  climate  of  Bermuda,  122 

Becket  (Captain),  134 

Blind  alehouse,  137 

Foote,  an  obsolete  word,  497 

Foster's  Negro  Songs,  163 

Giants  and  dwarfs,  222 

Moore  (Dr.  Mordecai),  family,  154 

Napoleon,  the  First,  135 

Eapier  family,  Yorkshire,  213 

Sancroft  (Abp.),  his  sisters,  213 

Sanatory  and  sanitary,  483 

Slavery,  prohibited  in  Pennsylvania,  460 

Smith  "(Richard),  241 

Top  of  his  bent,  137 
St.  Ursula  and  11,000  virgins,  274 
St.  (W.)  on  Sir  John  Coningsby,  349 


Salden  mansion,  Bucks,  81 

"  Salmagundi,  a  Miscellany  of  Poetry,"  its  author. 

322,  388,  467 

Salmon  in  the  Thames,  479 
Salter  (Sir  John),  ceremony  at  his  tomb,  155 
Salveyne  (Eichard),  inscription  in  Chiswick  church, 

12 

Sanatory  and  Sanitary  explained,  483 
San  Clemente,  discovery  of  a  painting  in  the  Basi- 
lica, 319 

Sancroft  (Abp.),  his  sisters,  213,  290 
Sandy,  i.  e.  Alexander,  who  was  he  ?  194 
"  Sans  Culotides,"  by  Cincinnatus  Rigshaw,  74 
Sargent  (John),  author  of  "The Mine,"  214 
Saunders,  or  Shakspeare  (Hugh),  Principal  of  St. 

Alban's  Hall,  459 

Saurin  (James),  English  translation   of  his  Ser- 
mons, 77 

Saviour,  painting  of  Our,  74,  157,  290 
Savoy  rent,  437 
Saxony,  the  arms  of,  12,  64,  81 
Scarth  family,  134,  204,  270 
Scharf  (George)  on  portraits  of  Shakspeare,  333 
Schin  on  "  As  mad  as  a  hatter,"  24 
Chaperon,  Chaperone,  384 
Dialects  of  the  suburbs,  112 
Reliable,  329 

Schleswick:  the  Danne-Werke,  127 
Schleswig-Holstein,  historical  notices,  212 
Schomberg  (Sir  Alex.),  Knt,  noticed,  402 
Scotch  customs  on  New  Year's  Day,  153,  221 
Scotch  rhymes  sung  by  children,  393 
Scotch  words,  glossary  of,  514 
Scotland,  forfeited  estates  in,  321 
Scott  (Reginald),  noticed,  195 
Scott  (Sir  Thomas)  of  Scott's  Hall,  Kent,  195 
Scott  (Sir  Walter),  early  notice  of,  147 ;  origin  of 
the  names  of  "  Waverley  "  and  "  Ivanhoe,"  176 
Scottish,  and  Scotch,  21 
Scottish  formula  of  the  General  Assembly,  35 
Scottish  peerages,  old,  492 
"  Sea  of  Glass,"  155,  221 
Seaforth   (Lord),    bond    between  him  and  Lord 

Reay,  459 

Seal,  episcopal,  of  St.  David's  ?  357,  448 
Sealing-wax  removed,  419 
Seals,  Anglo-Saxon  and  other  mediaeval,  445 
Seals,  casts  for,  419,  450,  507 ;  casts  of  ancient, 

113,  185 

Secret  Society  for  swearing,  155 
Sedgwick  (D.)  on  authors  of  hymns,  280 
S.  (E.  L.)  on  broken  hearts,  514 
Chaigneau,  66 

Danish  right  of  succession,  181 
Great  battle  of  cats,  247 
Lord's  Prayer  read  in  the  Lessons,  517 
Old  tale  with  a  new  title,  355 
Selah,  its  meaning,  433,  521 
Seneca's  prophecy,  298,  368,  440 
Sentences  containing  but  one  vowel,  419,  526 
Sepia,  the  ink  of  the  cuttle  fish,  322,  408 
Septuagint  altered  by  the  Jews,  419,  470,  524 
Sepulchral  monuments,  their  mutilation,  21,  101, 

158 
Seraglio  library  at  Constantinople,  415,  526 


554 


INDEX. 


Serenius  (Dr.  Jacob),  noticed,  214 

Seurat  (Claude  Ambroise),  noticed,  420 

Sevenoke  (Sir  Wm.),  his  arms,  37,  65 

Shakers,  a  sect,  424 

Shakspeare  (Joan),  descendants,  341 

Shakspeare  (John)   of  St.  Mary's   Hall,    Oxford, 

Shakspeare  (Thomas)  of  Lutterworth,  his  bond, 
339,  383 

Shakspeare  (Wm.),  date  of  his-  birth,  225  ;  Strat- 
ford bust,  227';  profession,  232;  arms,  232; 
epitaph,  179,  233  ;  inventory  of  his  goods,  341 ; 
descendants  of  his  sister  Joan,  341 ;  relics  at 
Haverfordwest,  456 

Shakspeariana :  — 

As  You  Like  It :  The  palm  in  the  Forest  of 

Arden,  231 

Butler  (Archer),  Essay  on  Shakspeare,  343 
Caldecott's  Shakspearian  manuscripts,  480 
Capell  (Edw.),  "  Notes  on  Shakspeare,"  77 
Comedy  of  Errors  :  Antipholus  or  Antiphilus, 

230 
Coriolanus,  Act  II.  Sc.  1,  "Favoring  the  first 

complaint,"  231 
Cymbeline,  Act  V.  Sc.  1,  "To  the  doer's  thrift" 

234 

Desdemona,  her  character,  342 
Garden,  or  the  Plants  and  Flowers  named  in 

Shakspeare's  Works,  370 
Hamlet,  Act  II.  Sc.  2,  "  Abuses  me  to  damn 

me,"  341 ;  Act  III.  Sc.  2:  "Very  peacock," 

232,  387,  426 

Hamlet,  Act  III.  Sc.  2  :  "  Paiocke,"  232 
Hamlet,  Act  V.  Sc.  2  :    "Most  fond  and  win- 
nowed opinions,"  50 
Hamlet's  father  and  mother,  339 
Hamlet's  ghost,  50 
Icony,  as  used  by  Shakspeare,  231 
Jest  Books,  146 
Kesselstadt  (Count),  mask  of  Shakspeare,  228, 

342 
Love's  Labour  Lost,  Act  III.  Sc.  1 :  "A  whitely 

wanton,"  230 

Mary  Queen  of  Scots  and  Shakspeare,  338 
Measure  for  Measure,  Act  III.  Sc.  1 :  "  And 

follies    doth    emmew"    229,    340;    "Die, 

perish !  might  but  my  bending  down,"  229 
Memorial  of  a  Free  Public  Library,  45 
Merry    Wives  of  Windsor,   Act  II.  Sc.    3: 

"  Monsieur  Mockwater"  230 
Midsummer's  Night's  Dream,  Act  II.  Sc.  1 : 

"But roomer,  fairy/'  49 
Plato's  foresight  of  Shakspeare,  63 
Portraits,  177,  233,  250,  333—338,  340,  370, 

416 
Prospero,  Duke  of  Milan,  the  hulk  in  which 

he  was  set  adrift,  226 
Puo-k  and  Robin  G-oodfellow,  340 
Seven  Ages  of  Man  depicted,  25 
Statistics  of  Shakspearian  literature,  232 
Tempest,  Act  III.  Sc.  1 :  "Most  busy-less," 

228 
Tempest,  Act  IV.  Sc.  1  :  "  Now  is  the  jerkin 

under  the  line"  49 


Shakspeariana : — 

Troilus  and  Cressida,  Act  III.  Sc.  3  :  "  One 
touch  of  nature,"  341,  426 

Trust :  Trusty,  as  used  by  Shakspeare,  231 

Twelfth  Night,  Act  II.  Sc.  3 :  "I  did  impeti- 
cos  thy  gratillity,"  229 

Works  by  Dyce,  166,  350 ;  Cambridge  edition, 
250,429  ;  Second  folio,  1632,233  ;  Staunton, 
350 ;  Keightley,  530 
Shamrock,  a  plant,  41,  60,  79 
Sheen  priory,  drawings  by  Wyngrerde,  379,  406 
Sheldon  (John)  on  Savoy  rent,  437 
Shelley  (B.  P.),  sonnets  on  the  Pyramids,  322  .^ 
Shem  on  Randulph  de  Meschines,  164 

Verdon  (Sir  John)  and  his  heirs,  285 

Walsingham  (Sir  Francis),  not  a  KG.,  132 

Whitmore  family,  159,  289 
Shepherd  (Mrs.  Catherine),  a  centenarian  heroine, 

132 

Sheppard  (James),  executed,  a  print,  459  .,-,;.->•.:. 
Sheridan  (Richard  Brinsley),  interment,  155  ;  and 
Lord  Belgrave's  Greek,  103  ;  pasquinade  on  Lord 
Glenbervie,  176  ;  "  The  School  for  Scandal,"  459 
Shirley  (E.  P.)  on  certificate  of  Conformity,  374 

Elizabeth  (Queen),  funeral  and  tomb,  434 
S.  (H.  J.)  on  Banyan's  tomb  in  Bunhill  Fields,  474 

Shaksperian  characters,  419 

Smith  (Capt.  John),  family,  498 

Travers  (Walter),  his  will,  27 
Shoful,  a  slang  word,  145,  428 
Shurley  (John),  his  works,  80 
Sibber  sauces  explained,  460,  523 
Sidesman,  parochial  officer,  34,  65,  81,  183 
Sigma-Theta  on  Mount  Athos,  437 

Bond  between  Lords  Seaforth  and  Reay,  459 

Daiwick,  or  Dawick  parish,  497 

Fenton  family  pedigree,  497 

Goldsmith's  art,  works  on,  436 

Heirs  wanted  for  estates,  418 

Hogarth,  origin  of  the  name,  418 

Rabbi  Abraham  aben  Hhaiim's  MSS.,  435 

Strickland  (Sir  William),  400 

Swinton  (Katherine),  459 
Sign-boards,  exhibition  of,  14 
Sign  manual,  curious  one,  436,  529 
Signet  of  a  gentleman,  281,  327 
Siligo,  *.  e,  rye,  13 
Simon  and  the  Dauphin,  194,  246 
Siva,  an  Hindoo  god,  197,  262 
S.  (J.  B.)  on  the  cuckoo  song,  465 
S.  (J.  K.)  on  stamp  duty  on  painters'  canvass,  182 
Skillets,  vessels  made  of  bell  metal,  457 
Slavery  prohibited  in  Pennsylvania,  480 
Sleigh  (John)  on  letter  by  Clarges,  a  cavalier,  238 

Lynch  law  in  the  twelfth  century,  132 
Slipper  (Rev.  Samuel),  ancestry,  379 
Slop  (Dr.)  of  "  Tristram  Shandy,"  414,  524 
Sloper  (Sir  Robert),  pedigree,  498 
Smith  family  of  Braco,  426 
Smith  (A.)  on  Erasmus,  Bishop  of  Arcadin,  516 
Smith  (Capt.  John),  his  family,  498 
Smith  (Richard),  inquired  after,  241 
Smith  (W.  J.)  on  hyoscyamus,  its  qualities,  1 1 
Smith  (W.  J.  B.)  on  the  Dor,  or  beetle,  467 

Heraldic  query,  478 


INDEX. 


555 


Smith  (W.  J.  B.)  on  the  Iron  mask  at  Woolwich,  202 

Owl,  an  ill-omened  bird,  143 

"Sir  Aage  and  Else,"  488 
Smith  (Wm.)  on  the  British  Institution,  165 

Lampe  (J.  F.),  his  death,  185 
Smith  (Z.  C.)  on  Buck  Whalley,  155 
Smyth  (Rev.  Wm.)  of  Dunottar,  498 
Sobieski  (Princess  Maria  Clementina),  her  flight, 

421 

Socrates'  oath  by  the  dog,  85,  138,  203 
Soldier,  origin  and  meaning  of  a  private,  144,  185 
"  Solomon's  Song,"  poetical  version,  1703,  322 

Songs  and  Ballads: — 

Bailey  (the  Unfortunate  Miss),  in  Latin,  76 

Billy  Taylor,  172,  223 

Brides  of  Enderby,  496 

Chough  and  Crow,  243 

Chapter  of  Kings,  by  Collins,  18 

Comic,  translated,  76,  172,  223 

Churchman  (Kichard)  on  his  death,  209 

Fairies'  song,  321 

Farewell  of  the  Irish  Grenadier  to  his  Ladye 
Love,  464 

Folk  ballads,  modern,  209 

Groves  of  Blarney,  432 

How  to  be  Happy,  by -Collins,  20 

Invitation  to  Owen  Bray's  at  Loughlinstown, 
503 

"  Is  it  to  try  me  ?  "  241,  386 

"  It  was  the  Knight  Sir  Aage,"  376 

Johnny  Adair,  404,  442,  500 

Jolly  Nose,  by  Olivier  Basselin,  25 

Kilruddery  Hunt,  404,  442,  469,  502 

Let  the  dreadful  engines,  472 

Lists  of  Naseby  Wold,  376 

Lord  Malcom,  376 

Merlin,  his  birth,  372 

Mohun  (Lord)  and  Duke  Hamilton,  312 

"  Now,  brave  boys,  we're  on  for  marchin',"  464 

Praise  of  Yorkshire  ale,  481 

Ratcatcher's  daughter,  Latin  and  Greek,  224 

Kobin  Adair,  notes  on  the  song,  404,  442,  500 

Robin  Rough  head,  516 

Kule,  great  Shakspeare,  400 

Sir  Aage  and  Else,  376,  488 

Time  took  by  the  forelock  at  Kilternan,  503 

When  I  were  born  in  Plymouth  old  town,  516 

Wilikins  and  his  Dinah,  Latin  and  Greek, 
224 

Wren  song,  109,  184 

Young  Lovell's  Bride,  243 
Sophia  Dorothea  of  Zelle,  her  marriage,  515 
Sortes  Virgilianae,  origin,  195,  246 
Southey  (Robert),  inscription   on  his  tomb,    88  ; 

birth-place,  249 
Spal  on  Hindoo  gods,  262 
Spanish  Jews'  Book  of  Prayers,  498 
Sparrowhawk  vessel  discovered,  375 
Spelman  family  pedigree,  523 
Spelman  (Lady  Elizabeth),  her  husband,  482,  523 
Spence  (Thomas),  founder  of  the  Spencean  Scheme, 

214 

Spence  (William),  entomologist,  214 
Spencer  (Beckwith)  of  Yorkshire,  498 


Spenser  (Edmund),  Latin  translation  of  his  "  Ca- 
lendar," 118 

Spoon,  the  ministerial  wooden,  214 

Spottiswoode  (Abp.  John  and  Bp.  James),  415  ' 

Spring  =  a  tune  on  a  musical  instrument,  119,  164 

S.  (S.)  on  William  Dell,  D.D.,  75 

S.  (T.)  on  Boispreaux's  "Rienzi,"  320 
Mrs.  Fitzherbert,  59 

Stage,  Collier-Congreve  controversy,  38 

Stamford,  projected  College  at,  1 

Stamford  seal,  an  early  one,  113,  185 

Stamfordiensis  on  churches  in  Roman  camps,  173 
Stamford  seal,  185 

Stanhope  (Sir  Michael),  residence  at  Ilford,  516 

Stanley  (Dr.  Arthur  Penrhyn),  allusion  in  his  ser- 
mon, 516 

Stephens  (Prof.  George),  "  The  Danish  Warrior  to 
his  Kindred,"  313 

Stepmothers'  blessings,  or  back  friends,  25 

Sterne    (Laurence),    his   Life,    332;     "Tristram 
Shandy,"  414,  524 

Steuart  (Dr.  Adam),  a  Scotch  minister,  118,  242 

Stewart  family  of  Orkney,  426 

Stewart  (Mrs.  Dugald),  poem,  147,  484 

Stirpe  (E.)  on  the  bloody  hand,  54 

S.  (T.  G.)  on  William  Dudgeon,  271 

Timothy  Plain,  pseud.  Stewart  Threipland,  388 

Stone,  its  decay  in  buildings,  68,  138 

Stone  bridge  in  St.  Martin' s-in-the-Fields,  136 

Stories,  similar  ones  in  different  localities,  375 

Storm  of  1703,  504 

Story  (Robert),  conservative  poet,  369 

Story  (Rev.  Wm.  Armine),  pedigree,  357 

Strickland  (Sir  Wm.)  of  E.  R.  Yorkshire,  400 

Stuart  adherents,  work  on,  420 

Stum  rod,  299,  365 

Stylites  on  Chaperon,  280,  509 
Cuckoo  song,  508 

Suicide,  funeral  of  one  at  Scone,  170 

Suicide  of  a  Newfoundland  dog,  515 

Summer  Islands,  works  on,  122 

Sun  dancing  on  Easter-day,  394,  448 

Super ville  (Daniel  de),  Sermons  translated,  77 

Surnames,  early,  443,  487 

Surrey  (Henry  Howard,  Earl  of),  enigma,  55,  103, 
145,  249,  311 

"  Sussex  Advertiser,"  early  numbers,  75 

Sutherland  (Ensign),  noticed,  322,  388 

Sutton  family,  447 

Sutton  ( John),  M.D.  of  Leicester,  175 

Sutton  Coldfield,  its  old  orthography,  379,  524 

Swallows  a  sign  of  returning  spring,  53,  83,  122  : 
precursors  of  death,  259,  365 

Swans,  the  games  of,  436 

Swedenborgians,  account  of,  377 

Swift  (Dean)  and  Hughes,  278 

Swifte  (E.  L.)  on  Shakspeare's  profession,  232 
Twelfth  night  and  punning,  142 

Swinburne  (Mr.),  secretary  to  Sir  H.  Fanshaw,  12 

Swinton  (Katherine),  her  issue,  459 

Sword-blade  inscriptions,  113 

S.  (W.  W.)  on  the  lapwing  (pupu),  77 
Wilby  parish  registers,  243 

Sydney  (Lord),  noticed  in  the  "  Rolliad,"  198 

Sydney  postage  stamp,  184 


556 


INDEX. 


Sykes  (Geo.),  "Exposition  of  Ecclesiastes/'  271 
Sykes  (James)  on  Burton  family,  140 
Symes  (Wm.),   Master   of  St.  Saviour's    school, 
Southwark,  400 

T. 

T.  (A.  D.)  on  sidesmen,  183 

Talbot  papers,  437,  489 

Tale,  an  old  one  with  a  new  title,  355 

Talleyrand's  maxim,  34,  216 

Tallis's  service  at  Westminster  Abbey,  257 

Tamar  manor-house,  its  locality,  357 

Tea,  its  pronunciation,  435 

Tea  statistics,  175,  205 

Team,  the  proper  definition  of,  187 

Tedded  grass,  43,  145 

Tennent  (Sir  J.   Emerson)  on   Schleswiek:   the 

Danne-Werke,  127 
Tennyson  (Alfred),  passage  in  the  "  Two  Voices," 

75,  105,  143 

Terence,  translators  of,  117,  164,  269 
Tewkesbury  Annals,  450 
Text,  Gesner's  misapprehension  of  one,  279 
Thackeray  (Wm.  M.),  edited  a  literary  journal,  99 
"  Thame  and  Isis,"  marriage  of,  344 
Thompson  (James)  on  Greek  or  Syrian  princes,  478 

Herbert's  company  of  players,  497 
Thorns  (W.  J.)  on  the  bust  of  Shakspeare,  227,  342 
Thomson  (James),  house  and  cellar,  163 
Thomson  (James),  dramatist,  459 
Thomson  (Wm.),  Scottish  dramatist,  437 
Thor's  hammer,  its  mark,  458,  524 
Thornton  (Bonnell),  exhibition  of  sign-boards,  14 
Throgmorton  (Sir  Nicholas),  noticed,  43 
Throwing  the  hatchet,  an  old  custom,  516 
Thurlow  (Lord  Chancellor),  residence,  200 
Thurmond  on  Brandt's  "  Ship  of  Fooles,"  437 
Till  (W.  J.)  on  common  law,  222 

Punishment :  "  Peine  fort  et  dure,"  324 

Quotations  wanted,  183 


Molyneux  (Thomas  More),  366 
Pedigree,  the 

«•  ,     /i*     •      •      • 


le  proof  of  one,  520 

Tippet  (liripipium)  of  the  English  canons,  456 
Titans  and  dragons,  destruction  of,  210 
Toad-eater,  its  etymology,  142 
Todd  (Dr.  J.  H.)  on  Abp.  Hamilton,  310 
Tom  or  John  Drum's  entertainment,  148 
Tombs  (J.)  on  Ogham  inscriptions,  309 

Twelfth-day  custom,  109 
Tombstone,  an  ancient  one,  397 
Tombstones  and  their  inscriptions,  78,  308 
Tomkis's  "  Albumazar,"  its  editor,  172 
"  Tony's  Address  to  Mary,"  358 
Toothache,  folk  lore  cure,  393 
Topham  (T.)  on  portrait  cf  our  Saviour,  158 
Topography  of  England  in  Dutch,  55,  406 
Torre  (James),  Yorkshire  antiquary,  434,  507 
Torrington  family  monuments,  56,  248 
Tottenham  (H.  L.)  on  curious  surgical  anecdote, 
498 

Athenry,  or  Athunry,  499 

Chaigneau  (William),  507 

Lists  of  the  Indian  Army,  460 

May  (Sir  Edward),  487 


Tottenham  (H.  L.)  on  Eichardson  family,  72,  527 

Wolfe,  gardener  to  Henry  VIII.,  449 
Tout,  touter,  211,  311,  429,  489 
Townsend  (Thomas),  barrister  and  author,  419 
Towter,  origin  of  the  word,  211,  311,  429,  489 
Toyne  (F.  E.)  on  Mozarabic  Liturgy,  193 
Trade  winds,  259,  311 

Trapp  (Dr.  Joseph),  translations  of  Milton,  380 
Travers  (Christopher)  of  Doncaster,  419 
Travers  (John),  Rector  of  Faringdon,  Devon,  28 
Travers  (Walter),  goldsmith,  his  will,  27 
Travers  (Walter),  B.D.,  Lecturer  at  the  Temple,  27 
Trepolpen  (P.  W.)  on  Cornish  proverbs,  208,  275 
Trevor  (Sir  Marcus),  Viscount  Dungannon,  55 
Trowsers,  origin  of  the  word,  136,  220 
Trust :  trusty,  as  used  by  Shakspeare,  231,  291 
Tucker  (Alfred)  on  an  enigma,  365 
Tucker  (Samuel)  on  Henry  Dennis,  295 
"  Turkish  Spy,"  its  author,  260 
Turner  (Thomas),    "  Miscellanea    Curiosa,"    282, 

387,  443 

Turnspit  dogs,  164 

T.  (W.),  Worcester,  on  the  bullfinch,  124 
Twelfth-day  custom,  109,  184 
Twelfth-night  and  punning,  38,  142 
Tydides  noticed,  23 


U. 


Ulick,  a  Christian  name,  136 
Ulster  arms  :  "  The  Bloody  Hand,"  54,  80 
Ulster,  leading  events  in  the  sixteenth  century,  47 
Urbigerus  (Baro),  alchemical  writer,  73 
Uuyte  on  Order  of  the  Cockle  in  France,  117 
Roman  games,  39,  139 


V. 


Valenciennes,  painting  of  the  siege  of,  459 

Vanburgh  (Sir  John),  his  drawings,  498 

Vane  (Henry  M.)   on   Charles  II. 's  illegitimate 

children,  365 
V.  (E.)  on  enigma  by  the  Earl  of  Surrey,  103 

Haccombe  and  its  privileges,  97 

Maint,  its  meaning,  157 

Resurrection  gate,  165 

Venables  (Col.  Robert),  inquired  after,  99, 120, 163 
Verdon  (Sir  John)  and  his  heirs,  159,  285 
Vernon  (Sir  Robert),  biography,  200,  246 
Verral  (Wm.),   author  of  "Complete  System  of 

Cookery,"  322 

Viator  on  De  Foe  and  Dr.  Livingstone,  366 
Vichy  and  its  mineral  springs,  117,  165 
Victoria  and  Albert,  Order  of,  281,  322 
Vincent  (J.   A.    C.)   on   the  English  church  in 
Rome,  431 

Portrait  of  our  Saviour,  157 
Vine,  origin  of,  210 

Virgil's  testimony  to  our  Saviour's  advent,  42 
Vishnu  the  prototype  of  the  Mermaid,  238 
Vixen :  Fixen,  62 

Voltaire  (M.  F.  A.),  his  remains,  277 
Voster  (Daniel),  arithmetician,  517 


INDEX. 


557 


w. 

W.  on  Decay  of  stone  in  buildings,  68 

Marriage  before  a  justice  of  the  peace,  526 
Wadham  Islands,  origin  of  the  name,  194 
W.  (A.  E.)  on  birth-place  of  Robin  Hood,  293 

Barley,  an  exclamation,  358 
Wagstaffe  (Dr.  Jonathan),  299 
Wainwright  (Thomas)  of  Warrington,  epitaph,  423 
Walcott  (M.  E.  C.)  on  the  Liripipium,  or  tippet, 

456 

St.  Mary  Matfelon,  161 
Winchester  College,  369 

Wales  (the  Infant  Prince  of),  paternal  and  mater- 
nal descents,  129 

Wales  (Prince  and  Princess  of ),  their  fourfold  re- 
lationship, 188 

Walker  (Rev.  George)  of  Londonderry,  family,  480 
Walker  (Obadiah),  "  Of  Education,  especially  of 

Young  Gentlemen,"  38 
Wall  (Wm.),  D.D.,  his  longevity,  22 
Walsingham  (Sir  Francis),  not  a  KG.,  132 ;  letter, 

352 

Walsingham  (Sir  Thomas),  descendants,  437 
Warren  (C.  F.  S.)  on  Charles  II.'s  illegitimate 

children,  289 

Fitzjames  (James),  his  descendants,  134 
Harold  II.,  his  posterity,  217 
Ivan  IV.,  his  relatives,  515 
Leicester  (Earl  of),  his  epitaph,  146 
Mordaunt  foarony,  468 
Newhaven  in  France,  '141 
Oliver  de  Durden,  146 
Raleigh  (Sir  Walter),  200 
Surnames  among  the  Jews,  487 
Warwick  (Eden)  on  Lasso,  490 
Washington  (Joseph)  of  the  Middle  Temple,  23 
Waters  family,  co.  Glamorgan,  376 
Watson  of  Lofthouse,  Yorkshire,  82 
Watson  (John),  rector  of  Kirby  Cane,  401 
Watson  (Wm.),  LL.D.,  "The  Clergyman's  Law," 

517 

Wauchop  (Dr.  Robert),  blind  from  infancy,  31 
Waverley,  the  name  of  Sir  W.  Scott's  novel,  176 
W.  (E.)  on  Quadalquivir,  the  Great  River,  487 
Weale  (W.  H.  J.)  on  Hans  Memlinc,  163 
Wedgwood  ( Josiah),  noticed,  449 
Wegh,  a  certain  weight  or  quantity,  38 
Welsh,  consonants  in,  364 

Weston  (Richard  Lord),  anagram  of  his  name,  62 
Wetherell  (J.)  on  Sutton  Coldfield,  379 
W.  (G.)  on  mottoes  and  coats  of  arms,  77 
W.  (H.)  on  Cromwell's  head,  119 
Whalley  (Thomas),  date  of  his  birth,  155 
Whately  (Abp.),  his  witticisms,  128 
Wheatley  (John),  his  coffin,  424 
Whipultre,  the  holly,  385 

Whitechapel,  alias  St.  Mary  Matfelon,  83, 161,  223 
Whiting  (Nathaniel),  rector  of  Aldwincle,  420 
Whitmore  family  of  Shropshire,    159,    220,  285, 

289 

Whitmore  (W.  H.)  on  arms  of  Sir  E.  Andros,  345 
Coote,  Lord  Bellomont,  arms,  345. 
Foster  arms,  447 
Pelham  family,  321 


Whittled  down,  a  provincialism,  435,  527 
Wiesener  (M.  Louis),  "  Marie  Stuart  et  le  Comte 

deBothwell,"411 
Wig,  its  etymology,  427 
Wigan  (John),  M.D.,  biography,  37,  223 
Wilby  parish  registers,  243 
Wild  men,  a  Scottish  sect,  35 
Wilde  (Jean),  travels  to  Meccah,  213 
Wilde  (Richard  Henry),  poem,  284 
Wildmoor  and  Whitmore,  co.  Stafford,  220,  289 
Wilkinson  (Rev.  Thomas),  rector  of  Great  Hough- 
ton,  459 

Wilkinson  (Rev.  Thomas),  inquired  after,  480 
Wilkinson  (T.  T.)  on  Henry  Crabtree,  192 
Fletcher's  Arithmetic,  173 
Horrocks  (Jeremiah),  astronomer,  173 
Publication  of  Diaries,  215,  303 
Turner's  "Miscellanea  Curiosa,"  443 
Wille  (J.  G.),  his  engravings,  76 
Williams  family  of  Caernarvon,  175,  269 
Williams  (Mrs.  Anna),  "  Miscellanies,"  254 
Williams  (C.)  on  parliament  house  at  Machynlleth, 

174 

Williams  (John),  alias  Anthony  Pasquin,  175 
Willibrord  (St.),  noticed,  123 
Willis,  the  mad  doctor,  198 

Wills,  on  publishing  those  of  persons  recently  de- 
ceased, 257 
Wills  at  Llandaff,  242 ;  Lancashire,  where  .kept, 

377 

Wills  (W.  H.)  on  Britannia  on  copper  coins,  37 
Wilson  (Beau),  noticed,  160,  284 
Wilson  (Professor),  his  father,  282 
Wilson  (T.)  on  Halifax  law,  56 
Winchelsea  (Lord),  noticed,  198 
Window-glass,  its  early  use,  400,  529 
Winnington  (Sir  Thomas  E.)  on  Aldine  volume, 

144 

"  Century  of  Inventions,"  330 
Gainsborough  Prayer-Book,  144 
Heraldic,  330 

Inscription  at  Ham  Castle,  297 
Isle  of  Axholme,  434 
Kilruddery  Hunt,  469 
London  smoke,  329 
Porchester  church,  inscription,  479 
Richardson  family,  123 
Salveyne  (Richard),  12 
Wit,  its  old  meaning,  162 
Winton  (Lord),  escape  from  the  Tower,  175 
Wise  (Rev.  Francis),  librarian,  100,  121 
Wish:  "The  Old  Woman's  Wish,  a  Poem,"  462 
Wistman's  Wood,  Devonshire,  375 
Wit  defined,  30,  82,  161,  202,  308 
Witch  trials  in  the  seventeenth  century,  324 
Witchcraft,  recent  execution  for,  21 
Witches  in  Lancaster  Castle,  259,  385 
Witches  tried  at  Bury  St.  Edmund's,  401 
Witty  classical  quotations,  310,  369,  449 
Wogan  (Sir  Charles)   and  Clementina  Sobieski, 

421 

Wolfe,  gardener  to  Henry  VIII.,  194,  269,  383,  419 
Wolfe  (Gen.  James),  portrait  by  Gainsborough,  36 
Woman's  will,  lines  on,  300 
Wonderful  characters,  works  on,  155 


558 


INDEX. 


Wood  (E.  J.)  on  Hindoo  gods,  197 

Passing-bell  of  St.  Sepulchre,  429  ; 
Pedigree,  the  proof  of  one,  520 

Wood  (John),  rector  of  Cadleigh,  437 

Wood  (Wm.),  author  of  "  A  Survey  of  Trade,"  195 

Woodward  (J.)  on  baptismal  names,  184 
Crancelin  bearing,  522 
Coote,  Earl  of  Bellamont,  527 
D'Olbreuse  (Eleanor),  11 
Fitz- James,  Duke  of  Berwick,  309 
Order  of  Victoria  and  Albert,  281 
Order  of  the  Cockle  in  France,  184 
Patrician  families  of  Brussels,  174 

Woof  (R.)  on  crest  of  the  May  family,  487 

Wool,  English,  in  1682,  95,  279 

Worcester  (Edward,  2nd  Marquis  of),  136 

Worcester  (Marquis  of),  "  Century  of  Inventions," 
155,  330,  386 

Workard  (J.  J.  B.)  on  Elkanah,  how  accented,  201 
Esquire,  used  by  a  tradesman,  201 
"  Est  Kosa  flos  veneris,"  64 
Harrison  (John),  his  anagram,  25 
Heraldic  Visitation  of  London,  62 
Jane  the  Fool,  25 
"Jolly  Nose,"  a  song,  25 
Oath,  "  ex  officio,"  221 
Order  of  the  Ship  in  France,  221 
Publication  of  wills,  257 
St.  John  Climachus,  his  "  Climax,"  241 
Weston  (Kichard,Lord),  anagram  on  his  name, 

62 
Wit,  as  used  by  George  Herbert,  163 

Wortley  (S.  E.)  on  Wortley  scholarship,  420 

Wortley  scholarship,  420 

W.  (K.)  on  Greatorex  of  Worcester,  489 
Hemming  family  of  Worcester,  426 
May  (Sir  Edward),  65,  142 
Order  of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem,  56 
Seveuoke  (Sir  William),  arms,  65 

Wraxall  (Sir  Nathaniel),  "  Memoirs,"  511 

Wright  (Robert)  on  Gen.  Wolfe's  portrait,  36 

Wright  (Thomas)  of  Birkenshaw,  186 


Writs  of  summons,  117 

Wroeites,  a  sect  at  Melbourne,  493 

W.  (T.  T.)  on  Jeremiah  Horrofcks,  466 

W.  (W.),  Malta,  on  Kaid,  origin  of  the  word,  400 
Sparrowhawk  vessel,  375 

W.  (W.  H.  J.)  on  Henry  VIII.  and  Roman  Con- 
sistory, 144 

Wyat  (Sir  Thomas),  enigma,  249,  311 

Wyatt  family  of  Macclesfield,  459 

Wyngrerde    (A.    van   Ben),  drawings    of    Sheen 
priory,  379,  406 

Wynn  (Miss  Frances  Williams),  Diaries,  409 


X. 

X.  on  Reliable,  its  use  defended,  85 

Trust  and  trusty,  291 

X.  P.  on  mutilation  of  sepulchral  monuments,  21 
X.  (X.  A.)  on  paper-makers'  marks,  65 


y. 

Yeomana  (John),  schoolmaster  at  Chelsea,  420 
Yorath  (Ivan),  his  longevity,  439 
York  House,  Strand,  8,  9 
Yorke  (Capt.)  of  the  London  trained  bands,  12 
Yorke  (Thomas),  high  sheriff  of  Wiltshire,  195 
Young  (Dr.  Edward),  epigram  on  Lord  Chester- 
field, 156,  248 

Young  (the  Misses),  noticed,  266 
Young  (Rev.  Peter)  of  Wigton,  his  longevity,  44 
Younge  (Thomas)  and  his  wife,  epitaph,  397 
Yveteaux  (M.  des),  sonnet,  81 

Z. 

Zapata,  Spanish  family,  357 
Zoar,  its  situation,  117,  141,  181,  262,  301,  369 
Zschokke  (Heinrich),  "  Meditations  on  Life  and 
Death,"  400,  448,  506 


END    OP   THE   FIFTH   VOLUME THIRD   SERIES. 


Printed  by  GEORGE  ANDREW  SPOTTISWOODE,  at  5  New-street  Square,  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Bride,  in  the  County  of  Middlesex; 
and  Published  by  WILLIAM  GREIG  SMITH,  of  32  Wellington  Street,  Strand,  in  the  said,  County. -Saturday,  July  16, 1864. 


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