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(Sow^-^k.
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Jajauaory 1884-
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CONTENTS.
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PartlU; QIHOIGE EXBftESSIO^^^,. IDIOMS i&a.... . .1
.Patt UI. :TALlSy .FEQ]\[ BANSKRIT AUTHDEa." . .
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*ZJt Y .jr >^<r'<
THE SAimERIT READER-
> .J*?-'
This Magazine will contain, for the present, 16 pages. It%»ill
be divided ■ inta -foun* partsk- Bart I 'w411 eeatnaa*^ Sections ^l*-3
adapted fot A»gl6-Vei^8Kml|bi^'8tairaar5^ fV^Yl teij|)ectively. Hia
part will contain easy exercises for tran^ation. Care will be
taken to see that these exercises contain words and expressldis
with whtch the student is familiar in Prof. Bh&ad^rkar's Bdoks,
but when kny new words OT-forfafe-^bikiBr teplanatory feoittcAes Will
begiven. Part II is. meant for Students of Standaord YL Jikn4 T H.
It will include a collection of clMHce words, expressions, and idi^jias
from various Sanskrit writers, with their English equivalents.
Part III is intended for ' tW Candidate Classes in our Si^h
Schdolii. Here it is proposed to give abstracts of *the "^Siradard
Sdnskrit K^vyas, -Mtakas, Kath&a &«. on the plairrof the -^ell-
kriown.-MLamb's Tales 'from Shiakespeare'*. Part IV is expected
to- serve as reading for-moi?e advanced Students* • It will contain
Elegant extracts from onginal Sanskrit works with f till '^^]pltaa.
tory Notes in' Eidglish. Thus, it ia hoped, thai this ieriid "Virill be
usfef ul to those for whom it is intended aindwiH be read iiis ^
companion to Prof. Bh^d^rkur^i^^ooks. ^e paarts^ei^diiSfe^t^ohs
are so graduated as ta meet, it is hoped, the requirements of all
dlisses.of Students-^rom beginners to ttAdeJNgraduates. ^tif^
iflso hoped that it will afford" IfftS^sting reading to those wh<) do
4ot read with an eye for exiiminatioh. \ .
Each number will be ismiedto'ihe first 6f e^ery^rionth. E^ch
part' and sec tions Will have separatef pagifig^ J6o ^at they could J be
bound separately. '
■ ■■ ■ •• •<-• - ' - •-'•*•" ^
THE SANSKRIT READER.
^^llcTTTSRf^'
A MONTHLY MIGAZINE OF SANSKRIT LITERATtlRE.
DESIGNED FOR THE USE OF STUDENTS OF SANSKRIT LITERATURE
Btndjins Anglo-Temacolar Standards IV.-Vn.
at the High Schodla.
Vol. I.
PRINTED AND PUBLISHED
BY THE I>IlOI>ItIElTOK/ OIP
THE "NIENAYA-SlGAKA" PEESa
1884.
Frice 12 Aitncu.
^RegUtered according to Act XXV of 1867).
(AU rights reserved*)
CONTENTS.
JPart I. EXERCISES.
Section 1. Exercise 1 ...
•
#}
2...
j>
o ...
»
4...
»
5 ...
i>
6 ...
9>
7...
»
O ...
»
«7 . ..
»
10...
Section 2.
Exercise
1 ...
9)
2 ...
}i
...
>}
4 ...
»
...
>9
6 ...
JJ
7...
39
8 ...
J>
«/ ...
»
10...
Section 3.
Exercise
1...
-
99
2...
})
o •••
»
4...
»
d ■••
?>
6 ...
*■••
• «• • • (
• • • a .1
• •• •••
. • . . • I
... ...
... ...
•« . ...
• • • ••<
. • . • ■ .
. • . • • .
... ...
« • . . •«
• •• ...
• . . ...
• • • • • <
••• •••
••• •••
• •• . • I
... . t •
■ •■ a *•
• •t
• *• • . I
Paqes.
1- 2
3- 4
e- 6
7- 8
9-10
11-12
13-14
15-16
17-18
19-20
1- 2
3- 4
5- 6
7- 8
9-10
11-12
13-14
15-16
17-18
19-20
1- 2
3- 4
5- 6
7- 8
9-10
11-12
2
Section 3. Exercise 7 7 ..T ... ... 13—14
If O ••• ••• ••• «(« ««• a, a XO^Xf^
yf V ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• l|~*lc>'
91 Xv*«» ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• X«7"'^\/*
Part II. CHOICE EXPRESSIONS, IDIOMS &c. ... 1-20
Part in. TALES FROM SANSKRIT AUTHORS.
1. S'riharsha's Ratxi^vali • 1- ^
2. „ Priyadarslk^ « 9-19
3. „ "N&g&nanda " 20-35-
4. S'ddraka's Mrichcbhakatika 35-71
Part IV. ELEGANT EXTRACTS.
1. The HimiJaya. (KiJid&sa's KumftrasambliaYa)... ... 1- 3
2. A Moon-light Night. (BAna's Kftdambari) 4-5*
3. Aja's Lamentation. (KUlid&sa's Eaguvauis'a) 5-9
4. The River K&veri. (Yenkatadhvari's Vis'vagun&dars'a) 9-13
5. The Spring (Magha's S'is'up&lavadha.) 13-18
6. AnExcellentHouse-wife(Dandin'sDas'akiim&*acharita)18-23'
7. A Prospect (Bhavabhiiti's MMatim^hava) 24-26
8. Love-smitten Damayanti(S^*iharsha'sNaishadhacharita)26-36
f HIS S4HSI£ES1f EII4IIISE.
PART I.
Section 1-
Exercise 1.
2 THE SANSKRIT READEB.
I
Synonyms o£ ^^.
1^, l->?^-^^n:F?fT:; ^ffT-^fni^:.
Section 2.
Exercise 1.
1. Dry. 2. Distemper, illness. 3. Kemedy. 4. Gen. Sing, of
f^psf^ physician'. 5. Entirely, in detail, at full length. 6. Peii.
of CT with q" *to begin', 7. Paper. 8. Inkstand. 9. Pen. 10. Adv.
Not at proper time, untimely. 11, Wheat. 12. Of high price,
dear. 13. Voc. Sing, of 5^^j^fem. 'old*. 14. "Wearing apparel
2 THE SANSEBIT BEADEB.
jirqiPr ^??if 'T<r^5 T*«rr: ^«(r: frf^ i
f%f5tfcr e# ^It 'ngf f«n: i ^^i ^ ^r^ h% \
^m^ ^it Jof^ I
Golden rule of Sanskrit Syntax.
1. The same as r( [ tj.j . 2. Nom. Sing, of ^s 'hunger'. 3. Graving
of appetite, keenness, 4. A traveller. 5. A fan. 6. To fan.
7. Symptom of longing in a state of pregnancy. 8. Leanness
of body. 9. Paleness. 10. Often, now and then. 11. The king
of the Uttara (north) Kosalas.
Section 3.
Exercise 1.
1. Dull, dull-witted. 2. Solicitous of the fame of a poet. 3.
Which can be got by a tall man. 4. That has raised up his hands.
5. A dwarf, a short man. 6. Shall go to censure, ridicule, shall
be laughed at &o. Mark this nseof the accus. with jpr. 7, Of
little power of speech. 8. Family. 9. Shall say, describe 10. Said
by way of preface. 11. Having lived. 12. Having made an
agreement. 13. Lord. 14. Conduct^ attitude. 15. Disguised as a
Brahmachilrin. 16, A proper name. 17. Dat. Sing, of lT£(vffi[
'king*. 18. Enemy.
2 THE SANSKRIT READER.
ft^f^wft f^ %ir (^4 ^ %^f^cr I
Alliterations, puns, &c.
1. False, untrue. 2. A rich leather bag (of mysterious power).
3. A proper name. 4. The nose-ring. 5. Big pearls. 6, The
resting place of the world. 7. The son of Brahm&. 8. If there is
good and' wholesome food and diet, what is the need of medicine
to one if he is at all indisposed ? If there is no good and whole.
some food, what if a sick person takes medicine ? It is quite useless •
PART II-
Choice Expressions, Idioms &c.
S^r <J^ ^ ftPW*! — Tormented with hunger and thirst.
^g ^V^ ^ fl ^' — Nearly eight years old; who has not quite
entered on the eighth year of his age.
^yyi-ypyizz tj^li^^^ : — Fortunate man. This word is very often
used in the sense of 'Sir'.
ITTWr irftwt^— To quench thirst.
^npFg^sp^t^ — Drawing water from a well.
^WT — -^ bucket for drawing water.
^TfftrWr — -A. hag for keeping betlenut, leaves and other
sundry things in. (^^, ^z^).
^^r«p^:— Old.
a ^4,H^hHh TT^S^iw — I 21^ ^^^ ^ble to take that old man
out.
^R^rirf^^ ^'^' — ^ *^^ ^® ^11 ^^ *^® point which an arrow
discharged from a bow would go to if discharged up in
the air.
ift^^r''^*Tfinif^^ — Traversing a distance where the lowing
of a cow would be heard.
^Vf^ SL^Hia^H — Living the full life of man (a hundred years).
^HF^nfTR^S — W^ reckoned as one of the immortals (gods);
went to the other world; was dead.
Hi^O l l yfirf PniS — When [their] fathers became the guests
of Indra (asked hospitality of Indra); went to the other
world; died.
2 THE SANSKRIT READER.
m XV9^ ifftftf^f^RfrRr inrn?^ That female demon went to
the abode of Yama; breathed her last ; expired.
fr f^T ft'^FT qirnrnfirf^rr^t^ — That [my] father waa
made by Vishnu a guest of the capital of Yama (God of
death); died.
?T?T^Ot- — His son.
qinrT^fi3C — This word is sometimes used for 'father.' As,
5T '^K^H^m fgr^^ ^mxi—BagJmvams'a V. 37.
^H^HH. — -^ pillow. As,
^IH<tl |< tM W IH *t M' % — Uttarardmacharita. I.
^ with ^ — To take a pillow or make as a pillow. As,
^^IWi ^rnr^^^Plf^ — Das'akv/mdracharita.
Sffif^rW^ or qfij^ij^ffe— Dazzled.
«ff^: — The nut of a fruit.
^^<^Mi HIMIt< 1 ^ S^ — Had no deep insight into Danda-^
Niti.
^Tr^n^TT^ — Personal qualifications.
^rf^TSPT or ^r/^HIRq — Noble birth.
ii^y i^: — Developing, polishing.*
^rf^UfFHirwr — Unruly, disobedient.
^I^q — Obedient, dutiful.
'WW^tf^AfJl'-'M- JT5TT' — People, subjects acting as each one-
likes (without rule or restraint).
^^ft^ — Small bells. (ijpr=^).
^'^'ii:— A sword.
^^ — Foam.
groft — Wool, also hair or down just over the nose connecting,
the eyebrows. The existence of this hair is considered a
good sign and an auspicious mark.
I
f MS §4iiii^m£ir mE&nia.
PART III.
Tales from Sanskrit Authors.
1. Sriharsha's Ratnavali.
^%f^;i?^?i 4ti?^T'nj f%#^i^^ ^^ ^^t"^^
1. A fire at lAvanaka. 2, Circulating a rumour. 3. Got,
2 THE SANSKRIT READER.
xmW' "?^ fr/^^r ^it^t: shhi" f^ ^f^r rrt wiR-
^^?r h^tT ^h^c^% ^ih^^th "^^tf^T T}^\A fl-
§^f^^qr I ff^^5%'^ #TffH'T ^f^ffs^i^" ff^ I ciflsr-
1. A bard. 2. A board for painting a picture. 3. A casket
box. 4. Drawing pencil. 5. Portrait.
1. SHRIHARSHA'S RATNAVALL 3
* •
1. Stable. 2, A monkey. 3. A specific
* THE SANSKRIT READER.
Jl^lf^^if^. f^^'F^ ^H^^^ ^?Tr?^Rirr I ^ T^^
sfT •'(% ?f^" fi^ i%fnB*n'n ^m^^rrr <t ^wr? i risr
f HIS S4llfSI£Et1!f %S4BSft.
PART IV.
Elegant Extracts.
1. The Himalaya.
1. Mark the declension of ■SMU - 2. Having a deit7 for its
motive power, and standing energy. 3. King of mountains. 4.
The Eastern and the Western. 5. Oceans. 6. Ind. past part, of
)jf? -with 3T^. The 3f of the prepositions 3{^ and 3ff^ is optionally
lost; as 3T{^PT, also f^VfpT- 7- -^ measuring rod. 8. Making, using
in the place of. 9. The mountain Meru. 10. Pointed out hy Prithu
to contain gems &c.. 11. The root t^ governs two accusatives.
12. The Earth. 13. The marrer of its beauty. 14. In a collection
of merits, qualifications. 15. Sinks, passes unobserved. 16. Spot,
■Stain. 17. Of the graceful decorations of heavenly nymphs.
2 THE SANSKRIT READER
^^^^''f: ^f^l^ft^ N^tcfRt HT^fTFOIl^ I
1. Clouds. This word has a curious formation. It is a compound
of m^ and qj7. 2. The redness of which is transferred to the
pieces of clouds. 3» Untimely twilight. 4. The possession of
minerals, red lead &c. 5. Near the waist, middle. 6. The
lower peaks. 7. Troubled. 8. Exposed to sunshine, 9.
A class of demigods. 10. The blood of which is washed away
by the liquefaction of snow, 11. Dropped from the cavities of
the nails. 12. Pearls. 13. Lions. 14. Foresters. 15. Written.
16. Barks. 17. Bed as spots on the body of an elephant. 18. A
class of demigods. 19. Love letters. 20. The holes in the
bamboos. 21. Caves. 22. The wind. 23, About, ready to sing.
24. The following of the singer in all his notes, high and low
kinds as Bf^p^. 25. Rubbed. 26. In consequence of milk or gum
oozing from them. 27. Produced. 28. Fills with fragrance.
1. THE HIMiLAYA. 3
^iSl^l^^g?^: f%U^I%5^^ f5mi%'<^l^^|: 11
A A
K A LID ASA — Kvmidrasambhava. Canto. L
1. Troubling. 2. The parts of the heels and the toes. The whole
means that although the road by the extreme cold chilblain ed
the feet, yet, &c, 3. Intense^ solidified, 4. Finding difficulty to
bear fat hips &c. 5. A class of female demigods. They
continue to walk as gracefully and as slowly as before. 6. The
Sun. 7. Hidden, concealed. 8. An owl. 9. Saying "one is
mine" and thus affording him protection. 10, The great. 11. Tos-
sing. 12. Bays. 13. Real fitting the great name. 14. Chowrie, 15.
A kind of deer. 16, A current, torrent. 17. Spray. 18. The wafter.
19. The peacock's feathers. 20. The Sun. 21. Revolving. 22. The
lotuses that grow in ponds high up. 23. Opens. 24. With ray&
shooting up. 25. The birth place of (Soma plant and other)
things required for sacrificial purposes. 26. Strength. 27. Th&
god BrahmS. 28. Giving him a share in the sacrifice. 29. Him^
self gave hipa the sovereignty of mountains.
THE SANSKRIT READER.
2. A Moon light Night.
» * " ■ ' 11... I I .1.11 - ,
1. The moon is compared to a lion. 2. This is used in double
rsense of ray and hand or paw. 3. Darkness is compared to an
elephant. 4. It is supposed or rather was supposed that there was
jSi, pearl in the head of an elephant. Comp. the verse qi[ ^(^ &c»
^bove. Mallinatha while commenting on the verse' says — " ^^O'^J T"
flTtji&^H^ qf^". Tearls are known to be obtained from the best of
elephants, cloudy boar, conch, fish, serpent, shell, bamboo. Of these
.that produced from the shell is obtained in large quantities. The
idea is that when the moon-lion tore or broke open the head of
^he darkness-elephant the pearl that was there was broken into
pieces and thus the quarter was as it were rendered white and
(bright. 5. It was supposed that there were two mountains : — one
to the East and another to the West, whence and where the sun
-And moon rose and set. 6. A class of demi-gods. 7 Big and high
waves. 8. Thrown up. 9. Shore. 10. Sand from the sandy shore
&c. 11. Other than the West (i. e. the East). 12. The light of
the moon. 13. Who was smiling. An adj. qualifyiog f%^ which
is personified and compared to a lady. 14. The light shed by
jthe teeth.
i^1*RES!
1. 'Hhe Tarktf^mgra^ of Aim^mlAa^fca with* his own gloss
(the Dipika) and aii -\SiigKsh'Tratnslation. Ans.* 6.
2. The Meghaddta of %MiSiA^^ with the commentary (the
Sanjlvini) of Mallinsltha and ^imzimifi readings. Ans. 8.
^. The -fiift|»draMw»6A<jt«a of KiWi4S«a^i»ith the -ooriimentary
(the Saii^vin!,^ 1^ Smiga;^) joi . Mailin&tha and mimsma ^retdinssl
Be, l.Ai^-8, . . . ^ ^
A:. ^^ RaqJiMoamsa ©f KaUdasa^ fwith tlie iQcmftSHsstaar (the
; Sanjtnnt) o£Malli^itJia«nd imr^^
5. ..The Sukh^h^UMT^tnabMsn^^ -of * Sanikrit
Poetic, , b^i^ga.MKjlectiQn (of ,aboiit. 13y«)0; Vlokaa). of! Witty
Epjgrapainatic,.Snst;cuctive!and Descriptive fvfertespickeflEimilrom'
about 500 different authors, Es. 3 Ans. 8; - .
6. iI?he.iK^/>a<s?€*'ajof Yishn ../
7. The ^^t^iJo^t of , SVihaishadeva wit^^
Notfs* Ans. 8. .
a The ,/>W/iiBw»ar««;^ri^ .of Banc^.isiith.its; Purmbtthika
and Utti^apithika and an Utterapithik^ hy BadmanilhhT; also
with i^e commentaries(thePa4achandrife4) of Kautndra Saras vatt
i and (the Bhiisha^) of S'ivar4ma cm the ©as'akumlr^harita and
H ?^^HP^^ on the Piirvap&hik4 and varifirus readings. . its 2.
(tiie Aithadyotanika) vof EAghaTatihatta and Heaplaiiatory Engl
• iisn JNotes* as .2. . '
13. The Saptai'att ( „ ) Ans 5
,r £^« ''^«*'«^«*^'^« C'Declensions^ noung). Ans 4.
16. Thxi iSHWUhidava Sloira.~An&. I.
•utLrs^^'^'a****^'**^***'*^***^ *°^ *^^ °* different
18. The Prc^Ttottava-Pa^nidhi. Ana 4. ^
In ;^*^j*„^'^^*,S'*°^**^)- '^**' 1 * 2: awh pkrt. Ans. ej
•^ 99 B*-^*?rT*''^'« (^tl»Mar&thl translation). Ksi.©.-
: J J, The /yiirfraAaOTa/aAara ( „ ) Rs 4.
**' ^,,„^'"*****«^««w»^«aw*««rfu»» PapifM in Sanskrit with
anaweni (1862-1883). Re. 1 Ana 2.
■ ! . » J ?'■■ K
II ■ ■ J ^ I
••••-.. rii:
M
HEADER, V:\
.■.,/.•,•.. ■ -a V- -OBJECT. -'
..• The Stud J of Sfefti^rit'ha^' l>een greatly* faeilitateld by
!ih©.iiit»o^uctioii ottlje tw^e^ -^(^s of Pt-of. E; (3. BhSntlSr- .
kar. But the main object in preparing those excellettt Ibooks^
^ WHS, we thank, ttf dJrnplify the Inilricftd^^s of graWmitr ari^
present thesiibject -in '^ri Gasify iriteUigi^le ;ferm- -llie.y; '*
:thei:efdre,Httontkin4ftth^r toi>yimehof(jlTktttih .
jbf'Beading', Saixski iti fonbs tln-inip^rtslttt' fsa-t'of the' stiidf ^s' , ;
taught at'tie High^SihoOls rind €6liiegea and HSic majority of '
students who present thetiiselves' itt' the UmVersity Exathi- *
nations select 'Saiidsrit a» the4r» Secohd' Lsmg'u-^gel But thougj
Saiiskrit has beeii k^ lal^gely etudfe^, it is » not uncomtni)n to ,
find that students who are very clever at making by heart a'
fjtring- ofTgramniatical forihs, 'hdwever r^eohcKte'ahxi difl&gulf;
are. hardly al:db to, construe a simple sentence and ^eak iti ja;""
Wfty^in Ti'^hich ordinary i^eoplie spoke Banskrrt when it ivas a '
livingi hmgnaga \En fa^jtthoyiiaVe itocommatid over thb '
. Imiguage. ;. The reason is ndfi far tO ■seek. • 'lire «tan'daJrd' ^
jworJB»-^the KR^yas and the- NStakas-*j->drfe hi^h^fol* be^in- .
.ners and .cqnnot be Altfci-^titilized witJiortt^the helpof a '
teacher — a proced-ire not within the reach of manV st\ideh1;s;"'
i . dea*st/uid W themselves.
J' »
• r •• r •,
>r(r
. 1_
'!
i
„ ;, (in arrears) J'-r^'W. . >'t.. «■
Single Copy^ ;,.<^^ ',;;i».s>»'ff ' ^ .wi^.^ /*.. 0*^^". 2>;i'i' •''i
. . ' . , Postaw for !^Iiofui'^ilit§s. i,'^ -,, ;';'. \ /vi.'Qr-*^- '<>•"» - •'-
.i Intii^ndii^g s«h«clrib«rk I should -fe^d their ittimes and!^si(l)-** ^
scriptions to the Propricjtor of th^ Ni^aVilM^ifi^i' '.^^sV, * '
^ ** *
/\ A
i '::;K') ri'^
Hffl-
r^ai
(l
^
THE
>1
SANSKRIT READER,
H^frrPTT^RT^: I
Vol I
February 1884.
No 2.
CONTENTS.
Part I. EXERCISES.
Section 1. Exercise 2.
Page.
5»
2.
3.
• •• ••• ••• ••• -•••
O
^« ••• ••• ••• ••« •■•
9
^« ■•• ••• •■• ct* ••«
Part II. CHOICE EXPRESSIONS, IDIOMS &c....
Part III. TALES FROM SANSKRIT AUTHORS.
1. S'riharsha's Ratnavali.
Part IV. ELEGANT EXTRACTS.
2. A Moon -light Night....
3. Aja's Lamentation.
3
3
3
3
••* **• •*• •••
p » 9 •••
•.*• ••• ••• ••• •••
BOMBAY :
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THE SANSKRIT READER.
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"^?^ ^fTT^ «^r H*dN irt^ ^m srrl ^m ^rr ;^<d«^Ni 'tjt ^-
ft^TrY?if;iff ^ fTP^ ^^f ^W( ^^TRT.'' iTf^R^ («ll^*IKtl «rc v), gir|.
% T^^T^^^r^ ^Tr^T %^ 3Tr| ^ ^ ^Rr ^^ ^^ ^^ mi^tt irr^
^RT ^^ ?Er^ Q^Njr^ff 2ir j^^r^ra ^rr^!^ ^n^^i ^r^ ^rrffl- ftrq^^
w^MiMiti;! ^q^ ^qfe ^ qfd*Ni c^^T sfr^r, ^^ s^r^'^r ^rr j^iect-
^ffRl" %^ 3Tr|. ^^f^ ^TI^ JT^iHT Tfk^ *<"IKim(iH ^ f^TE^ f^l<i^HII-
=^r <9|iHiJ^q|^ STHE^ ^':'^Trer «^ 3Tnff 2ff y^T^ 3TR?V ^TtI, ^T^^ft t
q^^R? ^R'^^TTHiT^ #^r: 3Trt, ^^f t^^^ ^^q^Tfr^q?"^? #qr^ ^^ ar-
"M<d*|xfr #^ 5r^R 3Tgrf f^JTcfft q^TRt^ ^ft^ ^Tlt, ^TT^ flT
q^^Hi top: tr^y^TPEf ^^^ir:^ ^^ ?Tft5ft ^rrfr. I* ^^ ^^i mt^
w^ qrf#. arrrrsTT h^ ^*i^i*i^r, ^r^ wqr ^^ q gqNr *<"^mi
^r 5^ Ij, tr q^^rr^ 3t^ ftrafte Jr^q- ^nl. I' 55Ecrq; ^^^ ^rr^r ^-
^^r^qT??qpTr f^^mtq^H q^^=q ^m41jii^ ^ft q ^r^ff irr jj^^ni
^q^ ^iqf q^qr. ^wr 5^qri=qT ^rrq^qr ^^ j'^q^ ^'qtq srrl."
" rni TCiq^ ?:^q5Tr ^j\^ ^t^ ^ ^#t ^^^ fti«h"iKW q^
3
€r^^ 3T% 3Tr^ JT^ 3Trl. up^ f%TO %jr^ ^ ^m^ ^rrer ^1 ^
^T^r ^TR ^r«PT t^^ 3T^ 3TRrr ^ft^,"
^^ TT^ 3^1%, 'TicT ^^ ^rrff. ^ 5^^r^n^ i^to 'tk^^ ^t^ ^t^^ 5^35
^r^rq fn^JF^^ eft w^tt ^ift ^^?TJ^rr=^ ir^^^i^r ?n^m ^ttc . 3?^
^TT^ ^?q^ ^N^^^r^r^ 3T?^^^ 3T^rmcT ^r ^R^^wpwr^^ ^sRfff
^ Mi d^i id sTR^r ^^ ^i'^ ?rRr sj^t stitrI- ftr-T^n:^ ^rrl."
5^^T^^T^' 'CT %^r 3Trt ^ ^ ^tNt ^^ qf ^^ sf^ ^n^^T ^r^r ^rrt
^fx^r ^r ^R q^cf^^r sri^qrar^ f^r^^fe q^^qft§q% ^^^it ^^tri-
-^^■HreTr w^ fTP^ f%H^ 3T^ff ^n^ ^f^ ^t. ^tiTRq^ ^r^
S^^^p^ qrr^ ^d 3Tr|." ^snrf^jnr (^>j-V-^>j), T^Tif^nS"-
"%R^«a JH^Ji* *H^ V^^«fl <ia 5»Mildd* 3li SilHlr^'. ^>4d Otl^lril aH(J.^l-
^oil rt^ii ^^iRiSli (5i<tl5Ji oil«i ii^:\ »toi:i Hirfl 'iifl an^ 5>i CHiHWi ^ig$fl
^IH £<aiHl man ^>l Ml R^l H ^Irt^ Oii:^ a>ilrii ^c([ Ht?<l ^^^-ofl iT-HH ^rii M^ia
411CH ?i^^ rtHHl ?l5c-tieli3il 'iHlRl WilM'll^lSiiTi ^^^* (§rtw»i suil"H?l."
5»Hi Ai MMb ^>4rt SiiHir^i* ^>4rt Rl^>^riR R«iiR«a5ii;i wifa (§M^pa a
PART I. SECTION 1.
Exercise 2.
1. To ache. 2. To come up, rise.
4 THE SANSKRIT READER.
Synonyms of ^^.
. . -* —
1. To be satisfied. 2. To bum bright. 3. To drive, urge on.
PAET I. SECTION 2. 3
Exercise 2.
wj«T?T5 ^5f%# 5Tn?cf»3^i W?cn:T '^frRwm i ^^^
1. To lift up. 2. Some, many. A pron. 3. Days. Nom. Plur.
See Lesson XV. Sans. Sec. Book. 4. A month. 5. A letterj
note. 6. Sends. 7. Troubled, full of anxiety. 8. Wife. 9. In tlie
middle. 10. Interrupt. 11. That which is to be told. Pot. Part.
of ^a-. See Lesson XXVI. Sans, Sec. Book. 1 2. cqcf^f^ ^a case*,
^^ *triar. In the trial of the case. 13. Tease, torment, <fec.
14. Injury, trouble. 15. Students, pupils. 16. Impudence, in-
solence. 17. To avoid. From 5 with q-p;, 18. To learn* From ^
with 3^. 19. Proud, arrogant.
4 THE SANSKBIT READER.
55f^ ^^ m^ ^^ «i%5f^ %c% ft^^ I ^ 5
?f%rff^ ?rf% ^"ci ms^f ^ 'TT I ?WTf^ 15% 'jqF^
T ?f1T ^ %i: I
fkh^ ^% i^f^# f^ %%, ^^ ^ ^m, uit '^-
%^t 'STIlf^, «nf»l%^ f%qf^ ^^^nqfiJif^jf^ I ^pq^^
Alliterations, puns, &e.
^s^ aq^ ^^ '^^?!i^g^ ^ I
f^tt ?t '^ %^t^ ^li?r ^anftr % ii
1 Abuse, deprecate. 2. Power, capability. 3. Restricted,
confined. 4. Gives, imparts. 5. In receiving the taysi
reflections. 6. A heap or lump of earth. 7. Engaged, busy, k
Fire-place. 9. Who was near. 10. Having raised. 11. Ran. 12.
Grief, aversion to every thing connected with the world. 13.
Muttering something to himself. 14. Come to himself. 16. These
are the names of Vidy4s or lores got by Vis'vAmitr». 16. This
is said by Tis'v&mitra toRAraa. 17. O descendant ofKakutstha^
a distant ancestor of R&ma.
PART I. SECTION 3. 3
Exercise 2.
1. Spiinkled, thrown. 2. In the act of destroying the
current (heap) of sins. 3. (More) very clever, efficacious, i.
l^^+3Tf^cr' The word f^fjf means, that whieh has undergone a
change, disorganised, thrown into disorder. 5. Keep in proper
functions. 6. One who has studied the science from a ^f ^, 'a
good ffuru', 7. One that has tried experiments. 8. That which
is given in one's charge and which therefore he has to care for
and protect. 9. Master, one who appoints or sets. 10. Child-
less. !!■ Folding, joining together. 12. Attachment. 13. A
waterfall cataract, precipice. 14. The father of Pilrvatt (the
HimUaya). 15. A cave, a valley.
i THE SANSKEIT READER.
sft^fTH %f^5^T8^Tm xm^ Tmwn iTT'^ w^RH^r
Alliterations, puns, &c.
1. A fight. 2. Walking (fighting) on foot. 3. Having green
horses yoked to it. 4. Indra. 5. The sage ValmikL 6. One that
had commenced a sacrifice. 7. the sons of ^f^^ (Sit&), 8.
Acceptance. 9. The fire. 10. Your daughter-in-law i. e. SitS.
When the husband mentions his wife before one older in years he
often mentions his wife as the old man's daughter-in-law. When.
inerition is made to a friend, she is mentioned as his friend (^ ^?^).
11. Of this place, belonging to this place. The termination cT
is added to adverbs of time and place to give the sense of 'belong-
ing to*. In the same sense ^ is added. 12. Believed. 13. Refer-
ring to her conduct, character. 14. Causal of |[ with qfff. *To
trust, believe'. The causal means *to convince*. 15. I shall accept.
16. There is a pun on the word rf?f which means 'five* as well as
*an arbitrator*. ij!f [f^ therefore means 'five and others' that follow,
i, e. six, seven ^ &c. People are in the habit of referring their dis-
putes for decision to arbitration. Arbitrators should be, impartial^
unbiassed, even. q"?g^ and the other numerals that follow are so.
They have the same forms for the masculine, feminine and neuter.
^^r^ ^evenness* therefore is the qualification of ^^•
CHOICE EXPRESSIONS IDIOMS Ac. 5
ftu^i — Foam.
fj ft,'^ i| — Halo.
^«f(;T — One bom of a virgin.
^n^^ — A maternal uncle.
^r fi r ^^ — Son of a sister, nephew.
^^K^ R— ^ physician, doctor.
5€rTc|;— Entrails.
f^?fft?f— A span.
^^Tra^ — Decoration, toilet.
Wq f^^Ff ^rr^^rnrf^flawc — O, you have uttered nonsense,
spoken without thought.
•^.^- TWc'ipf't^f fe- — A foolish man bases his belief on the
conviction of another (other than himself), has no judgment
of his own.
•f^^T^q^ — Closely, attentively.
.^ with f^ — To examine. As,
^f ^ft^ T%^vt f^^TPFcft — Mdlavikdgnimitra. Act I.
-^q-scf pr — Formality, paying of respect.
^l^frrfilii^'IT^- ^ ^RTtfH — Handsome forms do command
respect, attention. Lit: Respect, attention steps forward,
places its foot in persons of singular make.
^^5^ — Pressing.
.^oftcf^ — Lower in caste.
.:gf^— A shell.
^f r^f — A. well having flights of steps to the surface of the
water.
iT^Rnrr^WCn— Enjoying the breeze.
-^5r5T<y«r — Free, one that has leisure.
: — A vessel made of leaves either by folding or stitch-
ing them together ( f^ ).
4 THE SANSKErr EEADER.
^ l ^^fi^ — -^ condition.
^^^M^lfit — Plantain-leaves.
qfl^^i;i — Clothes, wearing apparel, garment.
'fipij^ — Ornaments.
^(mVf — Requisites.
^5Wn^ — ^^^ ^^^« '^^^ "wovd "m^ means 'the Sun' as well
as 'rays'.
4|^H^q ;y — Th^ middle stone or gem. In necklaces the
number of gems, pearls, corals, gold leaves of various forms
is generally odd. The gem that is put in the middle i»
comparatively bigger than the others which are of the^
same size.
^ fX^R l — Revolution, turning over and over again.
^ — 10th Conj. To taste,
^f^ — Intoxicated.
^I^—- The same as sevnd, balf.
fiP^^t^H '"*' Without. any restraint.
«rt^?T— Disliked.
^IT^nfT — ^^^ general run, the ordinary course.
f^4 ^ — -^.n infant ; properly a child sucking, not weaned^
^^^^ — A man of the S'udra caste.
^ r ^WK— ^ gardener (qiaft).
^^yf^jy— A potter.
^|rfipf7— A tailor.
A cobbler, shoemaker.
A goldsmith.
j^S(^ — A washerman.
if^fbf!^ — A tavern keeper.
HlPl^ ■ A barber,
^?>E^K^ — A. blacksmith.
)jf^)fS^ — -A. menial servant (paid), a day labourer &c;-
1. SHRIHARSHA'S RATNAVALI. 5
"^^, f'i (^ ^%r§^ ^Rwi^^ i%f^?Tr, f ^^iPr ^g-
if^%^ ?i^f^i%>if^ f^f^s^mi ^n^^JTi ^Jf^tf^ ilT-
m^^^j ^?^T ^il!r«n: ^r«ff»n^yT^T %^^rfMr.
1. Skill in drawing. 2. Happy coincidence, resemblance.
Qoi' is an insect. This insect in boring a hole in wood accidentally
chances to carve a letter. BB Ujy^r^m therefore means 'accidental,
happy'. 3. Under a pretext. 4. The sun. 6. Covered by a
mass of darkness. 6. Appointment.
THE SANSKRIT EEADER.
^r ?f5r1|^% I ?itr ^r^^^ ^ift^f ^^^l^ ^w^-
1. To go to meet a lovei- by appointment. 2. News. 3. En-
veloped in a cloak. 4. Approached. 5. Love. 6. Abashed,
-put to shame, taken by surprise. 7. Hanging. 8. Deceived.
9. Repenting.
1. SHRIHARSHA'S RATNlVALl. 7
^^^ JtNrtf^ ^%5(^rt ^f^lW% f^ HT ^JTT V
'^1^^:=^ ^'^[%f3:?ffiT ^(^t%^i%^r 'f^T-
^F^FFH I 'afT^fFF^: H f^F'^^t ^^Tq^sr^imF'^'S- f'^5
I^qvilfi: f^?r^FW«r ^^T ?^«FF*IFH I ^F cFSC^^JfT-
?5tRF ^H^cF^^^JFT^F'ftf- " ^, 'F^ig'FF 'fR^It^ ^€
<Ff| ^^k ^JFf^^FJ^ " f f^ I 9fF5rF5=fF> f(Tf%'^OF ^^
^f^l^^f^^ ^5F%'FF 5TFW5^'»F ^f Sr^'FW: I ^
*' F'%^«F?FFF'^?F5fl^ " |f^ f^f^g "^Jncff^: f^^^m
1. Oircvdating. 2, A magician, juggler. 3. Feat, sleight. 4.
JBundle of peacock feathers.
S THE SANSKRIT BEADEB.
^m^ ^ m ^t^\ «* 3!r§5^, ^?ft'i»?t ^f^ii^^ '^
1. Dies. 3. A butterfly. 3. Magic. 4. Conferring on her
ihe title of ^. 5. Beceive, accept.
3. AJA'S LAMENTATION. I
BANA—Kddambari. Part I.
3. Aja's Lamentation.
f^^T ^ f RISC? ^f 5iriTcq<T5iq ^irim^ I
1. tff^f^, the nether world. 2. As if rising or issuing up the
•earth. 3, The head of the serpent S'esha. 4. The god of love.
-5. ^a with f^ means *to lament, wail'. 6. An adv. With fal-
iiering accents, faltering because of the throat being choked wit&
(tears. 7. Natural, 8. Fortitude, patience, courage. 9. 3P7^ n*
Iron. 10. Softness. 11. What then in the case of men 1 12.
To take away. 13. Fortune, fate, 14. That is destroyed by the
sprinkling of water, snow, dew &c. 15. First example* 16. Aja'e
^wife, Indumatt, died from a garland having fallen on her breast
Irom the 7in& of N^rada. She had a curse to that effect.
(T THE SANSKRIT BEADEE.
i^wf^ ^ ' 'f^i^«t j?^ ^it ^ f% ^fn% *if»^ n
1. Adversity of fortune. 2. ^:^, Indra's thunderbolt. 3.
Himself compared to a tree. 4. Branch. 5. All at once. 6. Not
faulty, guilty, ^m or g^^Jj^^ *fault'. 7. Fit to be conversed with.
8. Fmud. 9. Not to return. 10. This wretched life. The
words ^'q and ?^ are used in this sense. These words are pre-
fixed, but ?^^ is added. 11. Anything disagreeable, not liked,
offensive. 12. Husband, qf^ by name, word. 13. Having attach,
ment for its tie. 14. Decorated, dressed. 15. Curled. 16. Having
beautiful thighs (tapering), fat at one end and becoming slender
and slender at the other. 17. Coming back, restoration to life. 18.
Grief. 19. At once, soon.
x»
3. AJA'S LAMENTATION. 1
^%^ 5^!^ ^H(t '^f^mr ^'^M ^^w{ r
1. Light. 2. The snow-mountain, the Himalaya. 3. An
adv. At night- 4. A drug, herb. 5. Moving, waving. 6.,
Curled hair. 7. That has ceased to talk, speak. 8. The humming^
of the bees in the side of which has ceased. 9. The night.
10. Mate, the female (chakravaka) bird. 11. Walking in pair,
always passing time in each other's company, (the male of
the female, the female of the male.) 12. Eird. 13. Able to
endure the time of separation. 14. Gone for good, for ever, never
to return, come back. 15. Bed. 16. Placing on the funeral pile.
17. Lying with no chance of rising. 18. Girdle. 19. Thy com-^
panioQ even in privacy. 20. Not making a sound in consequence
of a cessation of gracefulness in walking. 21. By or with grief..
22. Dying after you, followed you in death. 23. The cuckoos,
24. Gait. 25. The female deer. 26. Heaven.
8 THE SANSKRIT READER
"^{K^^ H?r5^5^ '^^'nT^JTf 1«T5^ I
1. To give courage, comfort, soothe. 2. A pair, couple to be
married or married, husband and wife. 3. A mango-tree. 4. A
creeper. 5. The auspicious ceremony of marriage, joining them
in wedlock. 6. Not proper. 7. Whose longing has been granted.
The As'oka longs to be kicked by a beauty. This done it blossoms.
.8. Put forth. 9. The state of flowers to be offered to you (now)
dead. 10. Breath. 11. Imitating, resembling. 12. Half woven,
incomplete. 13. Girdle. 14. A demi-god, heavenly chorister
known for the sweetness of voice and skill in singing. 15. Sympa-
thising. 16. Devoted, constant 17. The act of going away aad
leaving us &c. 18. Veiy cruel, unkind. 19. Fortitude. 20.
JBedding.
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taught at the High Schools and Colleges and the majority of
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THE
SANSKRIT READER,
H^^cmMHid: I
Vol. I.
March 1884.
No. 3.
CONTENTS.
Part I. EXERCISES.
Page.
Section 1. Exercise 3.
jj 2. ), 3.
••• ••.
•■• ••• •••
••• • • •
••• •»* •••
T i
>L 3- ji 3,
Part 11. CHOICE EXPRESSIONS, IDIOMS &c....
Part III. TALES FROM SANSKRIT AUTHORS.
2. S'riharsha's Priyadars'ik^..,
Part IV. ELEGANT EXTRACTS.
3. Aja's Lamentation
4. The River Kavert.
5
5
6
5
••• ••• •*•
••• ••• *•• •••
• a. ••• ••* ••• .••
BOMBAY:
Printed and Published by the Proprietor
OF the "Nirnaya-sagara*' Press.
-►— '
^
THE SANSKRIT READER.
ARRANGEMENT.
This Magazine will contain, for the present, 16 pages. It will
be divided into four parts. Part I will contain Sections 1-3
adapted for Anglo-Vernacular Standards IV- VI respectively. This
part will contain easy exercises for translation. Care will he
taken to see that thiBse exercises contain words and expressions
with which the student is familiar in Prof. Bh&ndarkar's Books,
but when any new^ords or forms occur explanatory foot-no fces will
be given. Part II is meant for Students of Standard VI. and VIL
It will include a collection of choice words, expressions, and idioms
from various Sanskrit writers, with their English equivalents.
Part III is intended for the Candidate Classes in our High
Schools. Here it is proposed to give abstracts of the Standard
Sanskrit Kavyas, Natakas, Kath&s &c. on the plan of the well-
known "Lamb's Tales from Shakespeare". Part IV is expected
to serve as reading for more advanced Students. It will contain
elegant extracts from original Sanskrit works with full explana-
tory Notes in English. Thus, it is hoped, that this serial will be
useful to those for whom it is intended and will be read as a
cotnpaftion to Prof. Bh4nd&rkaf*'s Books. The parts and sections
are so -graduated as to meet, it is hoped, the requirements of all
clf,8sea of Students- — ^froin beginners to under-graduates. It is
also hoped that it will afford interesting reading- to those who do
not read witH an eye for examination, --
>Each number will be issued on the first of every month. Each .
part and section will have separate paging so that they could be
bound 'separately;' __^^
NOTieE TO CORRESPONDENTS.
We have received several commimications from kind
friends suggesting improvement both in the manner and
matter of the Sanskrit Reader. The suggestions are
welcome, but sufficient time must elapse before we can
judge which of them are absolutely needed. In the mean-
whue.we shall be happy to receive more suggestions.
THE SANSKRIT READER.
OPINIONS.
"I think it is a very useful little publication and ought to help
beginners to a considerable extent. I believe it is calculated to
popularize the study of Sanskrit with young students with whom
nothing succeeds so well as that which interests them." — Shankar
Ttmidurang Pandit. M, A,y Oriental Translator to Government^
Bombay.
"The object you have^in view is decidedly good and if the
work is carried on in the way in which it has been begun, I
believe that it will in the course of time become a valuable supple-
ment to Prof. R. G. Bhandarkar*s Sanskrit E;eaders."-Dio^rAranftf/t
Raghoba Tarkhadkary Head M aster ^ High School , Hyderabad.
^NcT ftrste ^n:cft^ ^^ srrfim ^ ^r^. ^rr j^c^ret^ 3im=^
>o a*. ^ 'O
5^ ^>^Rrftcff \v^ ^'^cT ^r^ tim^ f^^?Tr 3T?j^fra, ^ qfqpf irr
5^^T^ :3wf^c^ ^KH?^ ^^ 'm ^^nr ^rff. j^^rI ^^f ^jtht ^t^
2
>o e\ '\ >3
q^nfi ^?^ft^ 2Tr?T ^^ ^ ^^^. ^ ^r^tf ^ ^t^ 5^^ ^^ ir^r
^. arrsTT^V ^^^ HTftRff ^^^ ^^''^TP^n" ir^ ^l^i^N %w *r%3i
5rr ^% I! ^r>^ ^^m ^nt. ^J^^ I TTTftR? 3^^!^ f^?^rr^ =^ a^lf
"ftrgt 3Tmf^ 3T^?^r^ ^r^^f^ ^ f^^ ^^ jT^^nrr ff f^
PART L SECTION L 5
Exercise 3.
1^ ^ ^f ^: t "^ ^ifr %"T^-' I ^'wr ^rTi'^^i^ i
1. Press, shampoo, (^^, %q^). 2, Regard, think much ol 3.
A wolf. 4, To touch (6th Conj.),
THE SANSEBIT HEADER.
Synonyms of ^^.
»TH«ir m^^ *icqf JTjsrr irnrar ta: i
1. Know (4th Conj.) 2. Repeat (1st Conj.) 3. Tear by the root-
(10th Conj.). 4. To speak. 5. To, worship, respect, 6. To lift up
drawont. 7. A forester. 8. Jackals. 9. Hair. 10. Hunters. 11.
liquefy. 12. Fie (on). 13. Colly rium (cC|w[gs). 14. Dust, powderl
PART I. SECTION 2. i
Exercise 3.
u^, 5Tf^m^i Hi^i^n:, f^^cirqf f^^r^^^>: i
f^^^oiiqf f%^?^?qf, ^^F5TI% VtMr. II
^3?rf^^f^ ^^mg[fRf ^%^ erf ^^f^^^Ts^ci^ii
1. Past Pass. Part, of ^ with {^. 2. This refers to the ce*
lestial oow (^^f^) or Kamadhenu. Eling Dilipa was ordered by
lus family priest Yasishtha to serve and propitiate the cow that h«
might get a son. 3. cf^ 'drunk' 9fTi;{^ 'water'. When she has
drunk water. 4. Accus. plu. of efi 'water*. This word is
always declined in the plural. See Lesson XV. Second Book. 5.
Full of devotion. 6. "Worshipped. 7. off *to, as far as, up to*
^ftf}^;^ 'a forest suited for religious austerity*. 8. One who is
engaged in a vow. 9. To go to receive when one comes to visit
Ac. 10. Without interruption, uninterrupted. 11. Adj. qua-
lifying ^. One whose difficulty is gone, has no difficulties. 12. Pro«
pitiation. 13. Bent, devoted, given to. 14. One who was sitting.
15. Firm in his seat.
6 THE SANSKRIT HEADER.
A Grammatical Note.
1. Taste, liking. 2. Politics. 3. Having the sea for its girdle,
sea-girt. 4. Witboiit help, helpless, with none to assist. 5.
Cavity made or formed by folding the hands in token of respect
or submission. 6. Voc. sing, fem, of X[^K *your honour*, 7.
Early morning time some two hours before sunrise is so called, 8.
One in sound, good and perfect health. 9. The anointing of
the body, applying unguents to it, rubbing it ^vith oil and other
things. 10. One that kills, removes ;jf^ &c. 11. Lightness. 12. Fat.
^;^^ n. 13. The state of one whose limbs become proportionate
end strong. 14. This verse gives the conjugational classes to which
ihe root ^^ in its diiOferent senses belongs, the words ^^, g:^,
i^ 5 respectively standing for the 4th, 2nd, 7th and 6 th classes.
. PAET I. SECTION 3. 5
Exercise 3.
m^cTH: ^f^: ^Tff TRF^T'^ ^f^'^^ f^T^^r^^^fF-
T^if^ ^*T^'F^«TcF^ ^^^F% I F'^VTF^«TfFfT ^ ^F*^-
f»r^^%^ ^^^H^F»F ^^F ^^F'^IFHrF: B h\l€] \
1. Fat. 2, Active, nimble. 3. Of which he had the first
knowledge, he was the author. 4. Given, made. 5. Marks of the
hand dipped in red sandal paste. 6. Cakes. 7. Fragrant powder,
8. Made like a beast (victim to be offered as a sacrifice to some
god or goddess) turned, changed"into a beast &c. 9. Of one
who is in easy circumstances. 10. One in straits. 11. Similarity
in voice, 12. Poor fellow. This word and its feminine form ^cj-
ficjff f is very often used in Sanskrit Literature in this sense.
.THE SANSKRIT READEB.
Alliterations, puns, &c.
1. This is an example of what is known in Sanskrit as
ff Ht^ [ l !^> which means tliat if the last line is given the other
man to whom it is recited and proposed supplies the re-
maining three lines which will make up the verse and will
give a good meaning and context. The last line of this is
^RR* f^RPf ^ '^^ ^^^ three in the case of three'. There is a
very curious legend told about this ^n^i( f . Once K&Ud&sa
on a pilgrimage to Benares accidentally went to visit the image
of Yy&sa. Kdlid^ being a very good poet and not liking Vys^.
sa's having good many ^ and other particles in his PurSps
patted the image on the belly and addressed it thus : — ' ^[^TK
{jf^ ^q: '. His hand however stuck fast to the image and
could not be taken away. When in this plight Vyasa himself
came to him in the disguise of an old Br4hmana and asked him
what he was doing there. Kalid&sa told him all that bad happened.
Whereupon the Br&hmana advised him^ 'Son, although you are a
great poet, indeed you should not thus slight men who are de-
cidedly objects of reverence'. He then told him that he could get
his hand off if he would supply the three charanas of a
line which he himself would propose and then he proposed the
last line of this verse. Kalid&sa then produced this verse with only
one ^ in it. Yy&sa was then pleased and he sent K(lidfisa away
with his blessings. The meaning of the verse is that the eldest of the
five brothers, i.e. Dharma stood in the relation of husband and
father-in-law to Draupadi, husband when it was his turn to exer-
cise his right as husband for the space of 2 months 12 days out
of the whole year as was agreed among the brothers. When this
right was exercised by any of his younger brothers he being the
eldest brother stood in the relation of fatherinJaw. The youngest
brother Sahadeva stood in the relation of husband and husband's
brother, while in the case of the other three i. e. Bhtma, Arjuna
and Nakula, all the three relations ie. of husband, father-in-law,
and husband's brother obtained.
CHOICE EXPRESSIONS, IDIOMS Aa 5
fti^ft> Tft^'i^S^:— Day by day you are becoming thinner,
leaner^ emaciated. You are wasting away-
«Tft?f ^ f^firt"- — I fe^l a little better.
•^ f^4hnra:5^ W^— I>o as you are bid
<n^^ — Assembly, audience.
^r$ft«r — Gentlemen, reverend men.
'^^^ffft — -^ <5^® c^vil or criminal tried in a court of justices
^^m^— A creditor (tfif^)-
«rfir^ — A debtor (ft»|tfH)«
q i jP>^ - — ^ money-lender, a S&vaiAra lending money at
interest.
55:^1^— Interest.
Jn^fTPBT — Breakfast.
fr(^ ^ l^ — Preparation, arrangement (cp^fff, «n<r ).
^jtW7*~ An unguent substance (grjSy).
^trm> qr^^^W— A fragrant powder ( 5^, g^W^ BrftO-
tI^' 1^» «nT^ — A looking glass, a mirror.
f^^jTT — Order, command.
f^ with qf^— To jest, to joke, to be merry. As,
qff;^ ( ^ t ^l(H ^n^ — Ma^idiebaJcatiha 1.
^nj-OTBr— A square ( ^, ^ ).
ifl^T" A maiden, girl.
qrni — Son, m. gfj^. Daughter. /.
Tfnrr* nRT— A girdle ( ^ipc^sr ).
ifil'i^^firnf — Extinguishing, putting out a lamp. As,
.fiWf^ ^FT^f ^in'^Scv^^ ir?T- — What a long time has elapsed
without our being able to see you. We have not seen yon
for a long time &c.
6 THE SANSKRIT READER.
^trr— A chisel, fet^).
^n%W> ^Wft^ — Bridle, bit.
q-qfur — Saddle.
^ — 1st Conj. To neigh.
^lg»i*<fi rF^% — -Does not relish, hates food &c.
ff^ or the same with f^— To press and extract as oil
juice &c. As,
^X with f^ — To press, shampoo, as feet &c. As,
5^: ^T^FS7 PT^^^I ^— liaff^ntvams'a If..
^T^F^ — A mad dog.
^;ff — A butcher s shop, a slaughter-house.
^ifif ^ — ^A butdier*
^J^^a^^ — -^ domesticated, tamed bird.
sfcT^H^^ — A toy, a plaything.
^^friWT— A scare-crow. An image or likeness of man &c^
made to stand up in fields to scare away birds injurinor
the crop. The word is also used in the sense of a bugbear.
Sm^nnf^^ ^fT^a^rf^— My eyes make a peculiar sound^f
miJri%mi'=^ ^Sirif^— My limbs shiver, quake, are convulsed
^i^<R^ 5n?hT jtCK-— ^The lamp (flame) flickers because of
the wind and makes a noise (m4><u1 ).
^m^> ^3T5> gp'^r^ — ^A hunter, fowler.
(|"^^5f — A hunting dog, hound.
WPUy ^!^^^^ ^T'Tf^— A chase, hunting.
«n^T^r. 3f%r^— A doll,
^g — Lac, red dye, sealing wax. (^^).
2. S'SIHARSHA-S PRIYADARS'IKI. 9
2. S'riharsha's Priyadars'ika.
1. Famous. 2. " rpTRlctil^H-i^lll^f^: ^W^' I cl^ ^?2^^^^ ^^:
Jp^lTp^'" 3' ^^® *^^^ P^*s *o shame. 4. Favourable opportu-
nity.. 5^ Brought into serapO; put i&to trouble. 6. Tumult.
10 THE SANSKRIT BEADEB.
I. Taking her to be so. 2. Ghastisement.
-. J
2. S'RIHARSHA'S PEIYADARS'IKA. 11
^"^ 5wrf I cTcT: •' 3Tf^ 5ft^, ft^ pTfS! I ^wJr'»J
12 THE SANSKRIT READER.
%lf%c^l^'T ^3^Hftf^ 3;iT^f^«I^Rr: lk^B€\ ^^l^
1. Slightly contracting the three parts, ( viz : the comers and
the middle) of the eje. 2. Preference, choice. 3. Stiffness in
the thighs.
4. THE KIVER KAVERL 9
^^oTri^5^^ ^fgqfr ^Tfrr f^f ^? f% ^ % i:?!?^ ii
^3^r^^r% !^[CTfi^^ TT^^^^^t ^^r^i^'^ 11
i^msf^ HF^ K^^J \^^J ^^m^^f^ i^^?tt^ i
^f cT^ f^^rVfFcit^q H^ m^^i^?r«r^: 11
f^^7r%f^ ^ra^rfq^: ^^^iw'^ct f^qf nf^ 1
KALIDASA — Raghuvams'a. Canto. VIII.
4. The River Kaveri.
i. Ill the gratifying arts sucli as singing, dancing, playing upon
instruments &c. 2. Other allurements. 3. Refers to the Kaveri.
4. Sinful. 5. Sin. 6 Absorption, removal. 7. One who has
worh a bracelet, string, piece of thread in token of a determina-
tion or resolve to do a piece of work or engage in some under tak-
ing. It therefore means, *one that has taken upon itself the
duty of a man who binds himself <fcc\ 8. The particles of water.
The word ^ is an adv. and is used in the sense of Vater*. The
whole adjective thus means, 'the particles of the waters of
which (river) have bound themselves by a solemn vow to take
.away the whole sin of myriads of sinful men <fec'. 9. Densest.
10, Names of trees.
10 THE SANSKRIT READER.
1. Names of trees. 2. Dense, thick. 3. A multitude. 4. Inter-
woven, matted. 5. Yast, gigantic. 6. Pres. part, of the freq. of
^w with ^ *to infest, crowd, swarm*. 7. Comp. of g;^ *great'^
8. Putting down, removing. 9. Honey. 10. cT^q^^^lH: 'eagerness'*
11. Whose gracefulness is great. 12. Bees. 13. A multitude. 14.
Being scattered over with, full of. 15. The K&lindi, the river
Jumnft. 16. Likeness, image. The whole epithet means — bearing
a likeness of the Jumn&, because of the surface of the water
being covered over with numbers of bees greedy and desirous to
taste the honey of the flowers of the trees Bakula, Dhavala &c. on
its banks. 17. Women. 18. Time of bathing, immerging inta
water. 19. Waving. 20. Studded, infixed. 21. Biilliancy, 22.
Mass, volume. 23. Acquaintance, contact. 24. Formed. 25..
Whiteness. 26. The god having a yellow undergarment (Vishnu)..
27. The lotus-like foot. 28. Born, produced. The Ganges is said ta
have been proceeded from the feet of Vishnu. 29. The appearance;
likeness of the water. 30. Imitating. The whole epithet in short
imports — ^the Kfeverl imitates the waters of the Ganges (white in
colour), on account of the pearls in the big necklaces waving at the-
time of bathing of the wives of kings &c. 31. Residing within it.
32. The old man, the oldest being (Vishnu). 33. Being in the^
place of, serving as the bed.
\
4. THE EIVEE KAVERI.* ir
1. The serpent Vasuki, S'esha. 2. Hood. 3. The jewel. It i»
sapposed that serpents have jewels on their heads. 4. Eays. 5^
Strings, rows. 6. In consequence of its being red. The meaning of
the epithet — the Kdverl imitates the Sarasvatt in consequence
ci the waters being red owing to the rays of the jewel on the
head of the serpent S'esha serving as a bed for the god Vishnu
dwelling there. This is a desciiption of the Kaveri near Seringa-
patam (^ff^qf?^, the town of ^^^, Vishnu). The God ia
therefore always supposed to be there. 7. On the two sides^
bonks. 8. Pertaining to Pfqi{, ^. 9. Piety, eagerness, de-
Totion. 10. Seating themselves in the manner prescribed. 11..
Holy, pious Br&hmans (gods on earth). 12. Faultless. 13.^
Kecited, got, learnt by heart. 14. Hepetition, recital. 15. Lotus.
16. Qualifies H< | ^^ f <^ . 17. King or god S'rlranga (Vishnu). 18^
Navel lotus, lotus-like navel. 19. Shining. 20. All, whole. 21. Veda.
22.Ilesounding.23.The god Brahm^. 24. Speech, words, syllables,.
utterance. 25. Commenting, criticising, explaining. 26. Intoxicated..
27. Young swans. 28. Agitation, excitement, flurry. 29. Moving,.
falling, dropping. 30. Pleasant to the sight. 31. Red lotus. 32.
Dust, pollen. 33. New, fresh. 34. Sandal paste, ointment..
35. Glossy, smooth. The whole epithet — ^Whose body is
rendered glossy and smooth as if bj the application of sandal
12
THE SANSKRIT READER.
ril^ffi^r?!!^ f^ii'fr ^^f^ ^^ w^iVn f^r% i^w^
ointinent by means of pollen falling from the lotuses in the
flurry of the swans who explained the utterances of Brahm&
repeating the Vedas seated in the navel-lotus of the god Vishnu,
and who taking their seats in the midst of lotuses repeated again
and a^^ain the Mantras and the £r&hmaxias at tiie time of Brahmar
yajna the recital of which was begun by holy Br&hmanas who
for the performance of daily rites seated themselves in the pro-
-scribed form on either bank of the river. 1. Whose bodies W€«e
plunged under water up to the neck. 2. Women having lovely
forms. 3. From ^ST^^. 4. Mistaking it (water) for the. sky. 5.
Near whom stands the shrine or mansion of S'riranga (Vishnu).
<5. His (moon's) namesake, having the same name ( with the
moon's) 7. *(^<JI^*5ii^ y s^ qf^ / 8. That had assumed various forms
(incarnations). 9. Out of jealousy. Vidhu (moon) being jealous
that his namesake Vidhu (Vishnu) had assumed many foi-ms was
desirous of doing the same thing and he did it by means of the
many faces of women that had plunged themselves to the neck
leaviuf' their faces only above the water. 10. The cause of
(causing) 9f3^pnTP^« ^^ ^^ * well-known fact that v^hen the moon
shines (at night) the Ohakravaka birds (male and female) are
separated. Their a^J^ in other words becomes j^ or f^ff^. Is
^n adjective qualifying ^p^^H^- ^l- ^^^^ other, 13. Close
embrace. 13. Whose delight is evident.
SANSKRIT BOOKS FOR SALE AT THE NIRNAYASAGARA PRESS.
. 1. The Tarkasangraha of Annambhatta with 6is own gloss
(the Dipik^) and an English Translation. Ans. 6,
2. The MeghadiUa of Ksllidasa with the commentary (the
Sanjlvini) of Mallinatha and various readings. Ans. 8,
3. - The Kumdrasambhava of Kalid^sa with the commentary
(the Sanjtvinl, 1-8 Sargas)-^of Mallinatha and various readings.
"Re- 1 Ajos. 8.
4. The Eaghuvams'a ei Kdlid^isa with the commentary (the
Sanjlvini) of Mallinatha and' various readings. Rs. 2.
5. The SuhhtjishitaratnahJi^dhgara or the Gems of Sanskrit
Poetry, beinga collection (of about 12,000 s'lokas) of Witty,
Epigrammatic, Instructive and Descriptive -verses picked up from
about 500 different authors. Es. 3 Ans. 8.
6. The Hitopades'a of Vishnus'arman. Atis. 9.
7. The Ratndvali of S'riharshadeva with explanatory English
Notes. Ans. 8.
8. The Das'akumaracharita of Bandin with its PurvapithikS
and Uttarap]thik& and an Uttarapithika by Padmanabha ; also
with the commentaries (the PadachandrikI) of Kavindra Sarasvati
and (the BhiishanS) of S'ivarama on the Das'akumlracharita and
the Padadipik^ on the Pdrvapithika and various readings. Rs. 2 •
9. The Abhijnanaa'Muntala of K^lid^sa with the commentary
(the Arthadyotanikll) of Raghavabhatta and explanatory Eng-
lish Notes. Rs. 2.
10. The Bhagavadgith (in very small type). Ans. 5.
11. The Fancharatnt Gith ( „ ). Ans. 7.
12. The Adhy^marti}ncii/ana ( „ ). Re. 1 Ans. 4.
13. The Saptas'att ., ( .„ ). Ans. 6.
14. The Anuhh4tiprakhs'a of Vidy^ranyasvllmin. Rs. 2 Ans. 4.
15. The Ramachandrika ( Declensions of nouns). Ans 4.
16. The S^mt^rudavaStotra, Ana. 1.
17. The Ratnasamuchchaya (about 900 sayings of different
authors). Ans, 2. '
18. The Fras'nottara-Payonidhi. Ans. 4.
19. The AshthdJiyayi-SiXtrapcUha of Panini. Ans. 5.
20. ThB Udhs%na»Mlm-Stotra, Ans. 5.
21. JSsop's Fables (Translated). Part 1 & 2. Each part. Ans. 6.
22. The AbhinavakManibari by Dhundiraja (An abstract of
Buna's Kadambari). Ans. 8.
,23. The Dharmasindhu (with Marllthl translation). Rs. 6.
24. The S^udrahamaltikara ( „ ). Rs. 4.
25. The MatriciUation Examination Papers in Sanskrit ^ith
answers (1862-1883). Re. 1 Ans. 2.
THE SANSKRIT READER.
ARRANGEMENT.
This Magazine will contain, for the present, 16 pages. It vrill
be divided into four parts. Part I will contain Sections 1-3
adapted for Anglo- Vernacular Standards IV-VI respectively. This
part will contain easy exercises for translation. Care will be
taken to see that these exercises contain words and expressions
with which the student is familiar in Prof. Bhfindarkar's Boc^s,
but when any new words or forms occur explanatory foot-notes will
be given. Part II is meant for Students of Standard VI. and VII.
It will include a collection of choice words, expressions, and idioms
from various Sanskrit writers, with their English equivalents.
Part III is intended for the Candidate Classes in our High
Schools. Here it is proposed to give abstracts of the Standard
Sanskrit Kavyas, Natakas, Kath&s &c. on the plan of the well-
known "Lamb's Tales from Shakespeare'*. Part IV is expected
to serve as reading for more advanced Students. It will contain
elegant extracts from original Sanskrit works with full explana.
tory Notes in English. Thus, it is hoped, that this serial will be
useful to those for whom it is intended and will be read as a
companion to Prof. Bh^darkar's Books. The parts and sections
are so graduated as to meet, it is hoped, the requirements of all
classes of Students — ^from beginners to under-graduates. It is
also hoped that it will afford interesting reading to those who do
not read with an eye for examination.
Each number will be issued on the first of every month. Each
part and section will have separate paging so that they could be
bound separately.
SANSKRIT BOOKS FOR SALE AT THE NIRNAYASAGARA PRESS.
1. The Tarhasangraha of Annambhatta with his own gloss
(the Dipikd) and an English Translation. Ans. 6.
2. The MeglmdUta of Kdlidasa with the commentary (the
Sanjivini) of Mallinsltha and various readings. Ans. 8.
3. The Kumdrasambhava of KalidSsa with the commentary
(the Sanjivin!, 1-8 Sargas) of MallinStha and various readings.
Re, 1 Ans. 8.
PAET I. SECTION 1. 7
Exercise 4.
4^ f^ ^?^: I ^fft f»IT^ I «FfrF?^?T l^r: I
q^rPTi^^f^ ^%r: I q^ ^f% %^mr5 i <r^Fjrf^
1. Ind. Why. 2. To offer as a present, make a presentation of
3. A goldsmith. 4. Women. 5. Counsel, that which is secretly*
resolved upon by a king and his conncillora Ac ( \\^^A ).
6. Sacred incantations, spells. 7. SrShmans. 8. To stain, to
pollute, sully. 9. Pupils, scholars. 10. Calves. 11. In tlje jnor-
ning. Ind. • '
8 THE SANSEBIT BEADEB.
Synonyms of jpf.
a?rc*T5T^?Rm ^55: gcT: 2^: ^Rlf c^ I
1. To get, to earn. 2. Seen. Past Pass. Part of ^. 3. Ga
about. 4. Hear. 5. The eye. 6. A bone. 7. To pound^
reduce to powder. 8. To kindle. 9. A bird. 10. A thief.
11. This verse not only gives the synonyms of ^ *son',
but also of g^, 'daughter.' The same words are used in the
feminine; as, en?q^> JFRT. ^, m, S^- ^^^ 5*t^* ^®
words epjc^ aJidcf}^ are of the common gender. They are
used in the sense of ' child '.
PART I. SECTION 2. 7
Exercise 4.
f^ ^ f^'^W!^ I ^ f|<T i^ ^ ^^[^\
I ' ■ » III.
1. Ants, 2. Faces ttimed away; hence, displeased. 3. Strain
beyond their capabilities. 4, Excessively indulge. 5. Strength,
insight, perception, study. 6. Tast pass, part, of f with ©jf^.
7. Pron. How many. 8. Pupils, 9. Sanskrit. 10. Week. 11,
Sunday. 12. Day gf cessation from study, [a holiday, a day
on which the students have leave. 13. Working days, days of
study. 14. Students. The word is 9f^^9 *one who studies.' 15.
The first day of a fortnight. 16. The eighth. 17. The thirteenth.
18. Days,
8 THE SANSKRIT BEADEB.
5n^|3i^t»T^t?jm4 ^ f^*^ I ifgsfr %$r3 ^^
Alliterations, puns, &c,
f^h^^^nj ^gvrt ftfvijTg f^rqtj n^r: ^i 55 w^ ii
1. Custom, pmctice. 2. Following, acting in accordance
with. 3. From. 4. Slendemess, weakness. It was suppos-
ed that one who studied on anadhySya days, lost in ability
and forgot, as if by some mysterious cause, things that he had
learnt on that day and even things leanit previously. Hence, no
teacher taught and no student studied on those days. 5. Think,
regard. ^^ 8th Conj. 6. One without or free from old age,
decline of strength. 7. Immortal, one that is not to die. 8. Brass.
9. Said and recommended by Vasishtha to King Das'aratha
when the Sage Vis'vslmitra came to ask for his sons R&ma and
Lakshmana. 10. An adj. qualifying jf^r^^T^PT- I* means * one
whose desires are fulfilled.' 11. ijvjfj, Worship, adoration, paying
of respect &c. 12, The son of Kus'ika. 13. Without demons,
rid of demons.
PART 1. SECTION 3. 7
Exercise 4.
W^ f^r ^cP^^ f%?(!^?RcI?T «!It^^qm|fr ^^^qr
3^%^»fq %i^«ii4 q«Tr^Tg?rf ^% i
^r^r i^if^ I '^R'Tf^ ^i^ g>5 ^5 f^^7% »r-
!• Whose hands or arms were tied behind or on the back,
pinioned. 2. Place of inquiry, trial, a court of justice, office of a
magistrate and so on. 3. To act the part, to be in the place of
an eagle. 4. Bombay. 5. Is excessive, intense. 6. Jail, gaol.
7. Every three hours. 8. A crowd. 9. A village, hamlet.
10. A noise. 11. A window, 12. Conversation,
8 THE SANSKRIT READER.
Alliterations, puns, &c.
1. Cords and ropes knotted and specially made for the purpose
of tying &c. (^[^). 2. Lowed. 3. Calves. 4. Aroused, roused from
sleep. 5. Neighbours. 6. Tired. 7. Refers to Nala, king of the
Nishadhas. 8. ^ or q^jshl], personal bravery, valour, prowess. 9.
Makes, forms. 10. The Sun. 11. The halo. 12. Pretence. 13. The
god Brahman. 14. Encircling, closing by means of a bracket.
The verse means whenever the god Brahma thinks or whenever it
occurs to him that as long as the valour and fame of Nala are on
the eai-th, the Sun and the Moon, both, are of no avail, useless,
he closes within brackets both of them under the pi-etence, guise,
of the halo. This alludes again to the ancient practice of scribes
who as they went on writing enclosed a letter within bracketst
if they happened to see that a particular letter was written,
twice or over again to indicate that the letter was redundant^
15. The Moon.
CHOICE EXPRESSIONS, IDIOMS &c 7
-•3fj — Lead*
» f »^ l — A box.
cj^^pf — A chair, a seat made of canes,
v^q^— A machine placed over a frame work on wells &c.
for drawing water, {^ji)-
^\k^ — A plaintiflf, a complainant.
sf^f^ — A defendant, accused &c.
^rffsp, ^f^ — A person standing as security.
^^^— A bribe,
gr^ou^, ftRif^rCT^ A turban.
<rft«f5> frwtf^w— Assembly, meeting, audience.
qiJf — Loft, story.
^ff^lft^- VWfT-"^ A seven-storied houso.
-^ftPCT — Part, as in a dramatic performance.
^S^f^T- ^'TTfJnnrPSK'n-— Fortune smiles on our (my)
master.
f^T> ^^^ — -^ deposit, trust, charge.
MKN ^ ^ — -^ cistern, a syringe, from which water is thrown
up and down, a pump, (^pp^, f^^, ^^)^
WVlPf — Paved floor.
Jf^ni — Wretch, vile fellow.
4 Hm ^— Mistake, fault, want of discernment or discretion.
j^ with ^ar — To plucky as flowers.
1^ with Wfr^ ^0 ^^^^^ ^ petals^ eyes &c.
fitg^ fil — ildepra^<ed of grace, beauty, loveliness.
9 with 5^nr~ ^l^e way, (%, nu^) As,
" 5<nRror» ^rfr ott^TCT " — MHeTwhhakatika. X.
-^q^f — Executioner.
ftif^> WirpT— Cemetery.
"^qr^— Hereditary, ancertral.
8 THE SANSKRIT REAI>£B.
^Tmri%» filr^flFW— A peg.
Vfn^ftm — Sandals, a pair of smaf.
^^- A whip,
^[^qinc — A. tax, toll.
«rrft> ^> ^r^— A leather string, rope, strap (^, ^).
ffft^T, ^W%^aiJr- A knife.
^f*Tt, ?TPft— A pair of scissors.
^pi^— A bundle of hay, grass (^, gff).
Addition.
Subtraction.
g[fipf — Multiplication.
^^ — To multiply.
*IHIgK^ Division.
^k^W^ ^^f TT — An example, a sum in arithmetic.
^m^ — Notation.
qryiT'l'* ^^T^— A bricklayer.
^ffljr;^ 7n. — A carpenter.
4^Mm , ^jS^^ — A trap.
%i?T ^W/., cTpr^QV: — A shuttle.
iNIM^WlftHL — A traitor, an offender, a criminal.
ij^^PT — Members of the family, domestics, retainers, atf;tod^
ants &c.
^ M^^g^AilgHK : — One who has not beard, (who doee^ nat^
know) the ways of the world (what life is) one who is nat
old enough to launch himself into life of any kind, any
profession &c.
^^n^lsr^^ — Selfish,, one bent upon his own interest, As,.
^sfT^iWl^ ^ oft^I^: — MudrdrdlcshttHa VII.
H^WK* ^ Action, endeavour.
ifofq — A request. As,
2. S'RIHAESHA'S PRIYADARS'IKA. 1»
h^(^ ^^^^m W«Fr<ft> ^?^r»if jti^?^ %^ i
1. Composed. 2. AbBent-minded. 8w Part. 4. W«1L 5. Thick-
et. 6. Confidential talk. 7. Censure. 8. To herself. 9. Attentive.
10. Misfortune. 11. Noble birth. 12. Extremity. 13. Anxious.
U THE SANSKRIT READER.
^s:h^^: ^m^ gflf^ Vi?t iw: I vwf^m ^'
1. Knowing fit opportunity. 2. Decorate, Deck.
2, S'RIHARSHA'S PRIYADARS'IKA. 15
TPTTH I ST^fnTT >?Tmt T^^F^ ^ ^If f?TI^Trt ^pRct
f^^'T ^fHTT^rwiwI^^ ^'fnTi^rm'^^r Rpif^^i^nrr-
^T^W ^KF^ ^^^^ ^SJftf^ f^Pcl" f f^ 5«nfTcr I
«n^?[=53if^ jiwev^H* f^^ifii^Tsft HgH»if ^f^ i ^ "^
1. Play. 2. Lap. 3. Garland. 4. Fetters. 5 False. 6. To
be able. 7. Little.
16 THE SAKSEBIT READER.
mf^ mm ^i%^f ci%'r ^5:^i ?rg ^^^ ^m^^f^^
- ■ ■ - I .
1. Not a fit place. 2. Fault. 3. Dejected. 4» Indifference.
5. THE SPRING. 1
#frnF^§^» '§f*i^5R|^fTrf^ 'TT'jiTTif^^rf^f, te-
VENKATiDHVARI— Fis'w^maciars'a.
5. The Spring.
!• Eemoved. 2. Unhampered, unimpeded, great. 3. Steadj,
unmoving. The whole epithet, — the river was set off with faces
of ladies &c- being looked at with a steady gaze by young men
eagerly, when their illusion, that it was the moon that had assumed
many forms being jealous that his namesake Vishnu had assumed
many forms, was expelled by the pairs of Chakrav&ka birds enjoy-
ing each other's company, which would not have been the case
had there been night &c. 4. '^: + ef[cl{3TT ' and ^s^ + gncJTJTT*
^^^^:. 5. '2nPcr?R + 9T[^^' and %.^ + ^^ + 9TRtj^ ![f^ ^ ^:,
6. The Ganges, the river of the gods. 7. ^flp^^, 7{ t{^^ ^
f^:- ^\T^ Ji^5f^ ^^^r^rf w^^r^, ^h^^^ ^ im\ ^hp^rt
^t^' ^' f^ftf^^P'cf:' ^« River. 10. Gives. Lit : causes to germinate,
11. An adj. qualifying g^;f>:p^. The first «j^[^ means 'leaves' and
the second 'the tree called tfo5^.' , A Bahuvrihi Gomp. 12. An
adj. qualifyiDg the same ; q^^jf, pollen, dust; q^ITTcT* ^^^^•
13, jj^, soft, tender ; ^[p^ faded; ^[f^, tendrils. .14. The
spring. 15. Fragra^kt. 16. ^ipf^, floweis*;.^^, plenty, abundance.
U THE SANSKKIT READEE.
%R^cIT^ H^^ t^ff ^^ t^rq^^T^^ II
1. An adj. qualifying jpf^, fir§f^> moved ; gfgr^, hair; :^^,
mass, collectioji. 2. Wiping, remoying. 3. Women Lit : those
whose eyes are like those of the deer (i.e. broad, wide). 4. Perspi-
ration. Lit : water of (caused by) fatigue. 5. ^, small; ^fi;f , waves;
^fl^, masSy volume. 6. An adv. modifjring the participle q^^.
wm, opening; ^«y^q , lotuses. 7. Setting in motion, causing un-
dulation. 8. Perf. of qf with gy[. 9. Vied with, compared. The
subject of this verb is ijf^ftvn in the last line. 10. fe|^-^»^, eyes;
^^y pupils, (of the eye). 11. An adj. qualifying 9ff^. ^^,
a tree; ^^«fg|; ', a bunch; cq-^^^^, attached, perched^ seated. Lit :
come in contact. 12. Whose beauty was heightened. Lit : which
obtained a setting off of its quality, merit, on account of a resting
place which heightened its beauty. In consequence of the white
colour of the Kurabaka branch its (of the tree) black and dark
colour was brought into prominent relief. 13. Dark colour, jff^-
ft^ + ^f?ift- 1^* Wives. 15. Open. 16. Qualifies T[Y:q%: . ?«r?^,
bright; g^ ^*f'4>|Pc( > ^^ golden hue. 17. The flower of the As'oka
tree. 18. Separated lovers. 19. Broken. Lit : bearing a breach.
20. Eendered tawny, grey. 21. Flesh. 22. Love is often com-
pared to fire. 23. To the state of the particles or embers of the
fire made of husk which was no other than the fire of love. 24.
A mango grove. The rf of 2[9f ia changed to 9\.
6. THE SPRING. 15
1. Sent by the God of love, the husband of ;i;f^. 3. Angry. 3. Pro-
pitiating, reconciling. 4. Qualifies q ^m«|(cS :* Whose voice was sweet
and sonorous by drinking the liquor consisting of the honey of
the Bakula flowers. 5. From the tree. 6. A line or string of bees.
7. Something which is secret and cannot be described. 8. Whose
speech or advice was fit to be taken. 9. The Cuckoo (^tfep^).
It was a belief that the female cuckoos get their eggs hatched by
the crows; hence, they are called imp, 'fed, reared by another.' 10.
Cutting the great resentment, jealousy. An adj. qualify-
ing q^J^qr- 11- ^J + ^nrif^ + ^IRT:- ^:y Aor. 3rd
pers. pltt. of^. ^pn^Tcl^* An adv. 12. Hunters that produce
and make discordant sounds to deceive the deer. 13. Gen. sing.
of ^nf^, 'God of love/ 14. Sweetness. 15. A stringed musical
instrument, perhaps the /S^a/ftra. 16. Instru. sing. 17. Enter-
tained, drawn, enticed. 18. With affeetion. 19. Used as an
adj. Erect. 20. False. 21. ^: r^^if 'the state of being a man,
male.'
16 THE SANSKRIT READER.
1. Refers to Qffl^T^f^- 2. Leaving. Obj. ^:. 3. Indifferent,
fivevse, 4. A collection. 5. O thou, who art like a young and
fresh creeper bending with her bunches which are conquered
>put to shame by ^JfiT^. 6. Moves. Norn. ^ff^^J^wr^^. 7. Breath,
a beauty's breath is always said to be possessed of good scent,
fragrance &c. 8. Thirst, longing. 9. Nectar. 10. Enough. 11.
Pertaining to the flower. 12. Dat. sing, of gy, ^delight, pleasure.*
These two verses purport to have been addressed by a lover to
his mistress. The lover wished to frighten his mistress and
thus make her embrace him. 13. A lover. 14. In haste. 15-
Having the Vali or * Trivali. An adj. qualifying ;j^^Jip^. 16.
Perf. 3rd pers. sing, of ^enff, ^feo embrace.' 17. Fragrance. 18.
The flurry and consternation (caused by the bees <kc). 19. Whose
^yes and looks wwe troubled, wild. 20. Aor. 3rd pers. of jjut,
to 'regard.' 21. In large numbers. 22. The spring. 23. Troubled,
tormented. 24. Foremost. 25. The Y&davas.
4. The Raghuvams^a of Kaliddsa with the commentary (the
Sanjivini) of Mallinatha and vaiious readings. Rs. 2.
5. The Sid>IibshUaratndbJitmdhg(kra or the Gems of Sanskrit
Poetry, being a collection (of about 12,000 ''s'lokas) of Witty,
Epigrammatic, Instructive and Descriptive verses picked up from
about 500 different authors. Es. 3 Ans. 8.
6. The Hitopades'a of Vishnus'arman. Ans. 9.
7. The Eatndmlt of S'riharshadeva with explanatory English
Notes. Ans. 8.
8. The Das'akumhracharita of Dandin with its Purvapithikft
and Uttaraplthikfi and an Uttarapithika by Padmandbha ; also
with the commentaries (the Padachandrik^) of Kavindra Saras vatt
and (the Bhiishand) of S'ivarama on the Das'akumd.racharita and
the Padadipik^ on the Piirvapithik^ and various readings. Rs. 2*
9. The Abkijnanas'hkuntala of K^lid&sa with the commentary
(the Arthadyotanik^) of Eaghavabhatta and explanatory Eng-
lish Notes. Es. 2.
10. The Bhagavadgith (in very small type). Ans. 5.
11. The Pancliaratnt Gitd ( „ ). Ans. 7.
12. The AdhyUmar^inhyana ( „ ). Re, I Ans. 4.
13. The Saptas'ati ' ( „ ). Ans. 5.
1 4. The AnubhUtiprakhs'a of Vidy&ranyasv^min. Rs. 2 Ans. 4.
1 5. The Rhmachandrika ( Declensions of nouns). Ans 4.
16. The S'ivattindava-Stotra, Ana. 1.
1 7. The Ratnammuclichaya (about 900 sayings of different
authors). Ans. 2.
18. The Pras'nottard-Tayonidliu Ans. 4.
19. The Asht^dhyhyt-SMrapUha oiVkiimi, Ans. 5.
20. The UdasHasMhU'Stotra, Ans. 5.
21. JSsop's Fables (Translated). Part 1 & 2. Each part. Ans. 6.
22. The AbhinavakManibart by DhundirSja (An abstract of
Bana's KMambari). Ans. 8.
23. Manuamrlti with the commentary of Kulluka-
l>hatta. Rs. 2. Ans. 8.
24. The Dharmaslndhu (with Mar^thl translation). Rs. 6.
25. The S'Mrakamalhkara ( „ ). Rs. 4.
26. The J/a^rtcwtotoT^ ^a?a?/ima^to» Papcra in Sanskrit with
nnswers (1862-1883). Re. 1 Ans. 2.
THE SANSKRIT READER.
ARRANGEMENT.
This Magazine will contain, for the present, 16 pages. It will
be divided into four parts. Part I will contain S^ections 1—3
adapted for Anglo- Vernacular Standards rV-Vl respectively. This
part will contain easy exercises for translation. Care will be
taken to see that these exercises contain words ^nd expressions
with which the student is familiar in Prof. Bh&nd^rkar's Books,
but when any new words or foions occur explanatory foot-notes will
be given. Part II is meant for Students of Standard VI. and VII.
It will include a collection of choice words, expressions, and idioms
from various Sanskrit writers, with their English equivalents.
Part III is intended for the Candidate Classes in our High
Schools. Here it is proposed to give abstracts of the Standard
Sanskrit KSvyas, Mtakas, Kathlls &c. on the plan of the well-
known "Lamb's Tales from Shakespeare**. Part IV is expected
to serve as reading for more advanced Students. It will contain
elegant extracts from original Sanskrit works with full explana-
tory Notes in English. Thus, it is hoped, that this serial will be
useful to those for whom it is intended and will be read as a
companion to Prof. Bhtodarkar's Books. The parts and sections
are so graduated as to meet, it is hoped, the requirements of all
classes of Students — ^from beginners to under-graduatea. It is
also hoped that it will afford interesting reading to those who do
not read with an eye for examination.
Each number will be issued on the first of every month. Each
part and section will have separate paging so that they could he
bound separately.
SANSKRIT BOOKS FOR SALE AT THE NIRNAYASAGARA PRESS,
1. The TarkasangraJta of Aiinambhatta with liis own gloss
(the Dipikd) and an English Translation. Ans. 6.
'2. The MegluidMa of Kdlid&sa with the commentary (i>he
ganjivini) of Mallinatha and various readings. Ans. 8.
3. The Kivmdrasamhhava of Kalidasa, with the commentiary
(the Sanjivinl, 1-8 Sargas) of MaUin^tha and various readings*
Re. 1 Ans. 8.
PAKT L SECTION 1. 9
■
Exercise 5.
1. The eye. 2. Blind. Adj. 3. 1st Coiy. «To drop'. 4. A husband-
man, 5. 1st Conj. a, *to hold.' 6. An umbrella. 7. Door,
8. To open. 9. Drums. 10. A disease. 11. Fi-uitj hence, result,
consequence. 12. Subsistence. 13. Huts. 14. 1st Conj. 'To
speak'. 15. j 6th Conj. usually with gjf, 'to resjiect'. 16. Past
Pass. Part, of ot. 17. From ^, 'to sink.' 18. Cake.
10 THE SANSKRIT READEE.
Synonyms of ^ff^.
JTT'cTT:; ^^R5T, 1:«I^, jf?, ^^, 3{f|cT, a?^, W^^, q^-a^^f^r-
=^r:; arft, arofir-^qfiRF^; fg[^(T-?T^nT^:; fe^-q^JRFcT:.
1. A courtyard. 2. ^;3[^ with gff, Past Pass. Part. Struck. 3.
To write. 6tli Conj. 4. Leaf, petal. 5. To tear. 10th. Conj. 6.
A cart. 7. Bracelets. 8. ^ with 9f^, *to adorn.' 9. ^.
10th Conj. *To drive*. 10. A jackal. 11. Bundles (of grass).
12. Are untied, loosened. 13. It is curious to note that the
word ftf^ in Sanskrit is neuter and ^ffipf is masculine.
PAET I. SECTION 2. 9
Exercise 5.
1. Rice dipped and allowed to remain for some time in water.
This word is always used in the plural and is of the masculine
gender. Tkere are many words in Sanskrit which are peculiar. The
wordTm*: meaning *a home' is always used in the plural and mas-
culine; ^[^: meaning * a wife' is always used in the masculine
and plural. The word fipf is used in the neuter; ^^p^ 'wife'
is also used in the neuter. 2. To use. 3. A guest. 4. A train
(Railway). 5. A proper name. 6. Wishes to go, Desider. from
ip^. 7. Load^ baggage, kit. 8. A place where four roads
meet. (^^fj[, m^» 9. Call. 10. A cart. 11. A neighbour.
12. The thread ceremony. 13. Reminded. 14. Well, 15, Become
displeased. 16. To wash. 17. A pron. How many.
Svsrv
10 THE SANSKEIT READER.
A Grammatical note.
1. A wheel, machine for whetting and polishing knives, scissors,
razors &c. 2. Scissors. 3. A knife. 4. Polish, sharpen. 5. Vege-
tables. 6. Cook. Cans. form. 7. Fell upon my ears, was heard <fec.
8. From that day. 9. ^f^q-, *reins,' ^pjj^, ^drawing in.' 10. Lit.
Burning coals, live coals. Do not draw, bring live coals with
your hand. This is however used in the sense of, *Do not bring
down ruin upon yourself <fec. 11. An enemy, one not a well-wisher.
12. This verse quoted from the Kavirahaaya in the Siddh&nta
Kaumudi sets forth the use of w and g *to shake' in the different
conjugations. 13. A tree and its flower (^rhrr)- ^^' ^^® mango.
15. Opened. 16. A flower. (q^Jn;f). 17. Sprouts, tendrils.
PART 1. SECTION 3. 9
Exercise 5.
^^I'^-wR'T w^ Thrift f^ ?ii5<»frTrTrj wi' i
^^^m' ^JTRT s^l^flTT^ ^ms ^: II
^ ^ipfcif «nf^ ^^ ^^ ?T*i^?i^ II
1. The five things pertaining to the cow or the body of the
cow ; viz : — milk, curdled ' milk, ghee, cowdung and the virine
of the cow. 2. Fuel. 3. Were impaled. 4. Hanging. 5. These two
Twses set forth the nomerati^ni, notation and arithmetical places
of figures as used by the ancients, (i. e. units, tens, hundreds, &c).
6. Add together 2,5,32 &c. 7. Subtract them (the total)
firom Ayuta (10,000.)
10 THE SANSKRIT READER.
f^, 1^ f^^ I ?I^T fRt TRI^ k'^lVf I
An Address to Poverty.
1. I lay this injunction under an oath, bind you by an oath,
charge you to do it. ^^{^^ is literally *a touch.' ^tf^ft^ ^
therefore the act of touching the body or any part of it which is
done among Hindus at the time of swearing, taking an oath or
solemnly promising to do a particular thing. 2. Take, hand orer,
give. 3. Act. 4. Spread, scattered, sown. 5. Like my miud; your
words find an echo in my heart, bosom. You have said just as I
would have thought and said or expressed. 6. Bundles of radish
roots, (gssr). 7. A copper coin. 8. Having lived, 9. Dead. 10.
Bahuvrihi Gomp: Unfortunate.
CHOICE EXPRESSIONS, IDIOMS &c 9
^?lf^ Accm, with sft with ^rir" To absolve, to be free from
blame &c. As,
f^ ^RJ2^ JT^wftit f^^J^-— M^dv^akshxxsa. VII.
^(T^TS^ — Without and concerning (both). As,
Mudrhr^kshasa. VII.
^trr^jjf^I— Foot-prints.
tp- with ^f^ — Agree to, accept, admit As,
It also means 'to propose.' As,
f%irt^^%^^' — MUavikdgnimitra. I.
-fx with ^x^ — To reconcile, propitiate.
41<HJ^H ' — Government of the tongue.
'^TT ^Vl ^^ 'W — To be master of (a subject, science &c.)
^^ — Wooden pieces, men for game at dice. (^nr^).
^i^, ^:— Wages.
^ i m^4jl^ A number of people assembled for drinkmg; com-
pany; party.
tq^?p: or ^^^^c— A drinking vessel, A wine glass.
1%^, ^^^— A gambler.
j^:, T^:— The thing staked-
^^ — A crucible.
x(^ — Bellows.
^5|ffiy^> 5^r— A doll.
g^> T^> 5^— A. rope, string.
^H^> ^mV^ — ^ shuttle.
^^> ?r^— ^ thread.
10 THE SANSKRIT READER
snf^> 'sjIRt — Texture.
^Cfrr — One bom of a virgin.
Ti%?T — Grey hair.
srfilWni' — Catarrh, cold.
^T ^^^vH — ^ garment that covers the waist and half the
thighs (^^).
^i^^g — A mortar.
g^f^nj;— A pestle.
^nnpr — Husk.
^T^> f^rT^-— A sieve.
nWir> 5t^- — A bag for keeping corn &c. (ifpjff, ^^[).
^^H^iJL — -A. kitchen.
^' or 1^— A hearth (^).
vyipfr— A blow«pipe (5^;.
^^TTr ^51^- A fire brand.
^; — A leathern oil bottle, (jvf^).
frgq*: — Diminutive of Do. a small one.
^ — A ladle (^oSt)*
^tI^?^. ^f^— Ginger (wet). (3{f^*>.
g^^— Ginger (dry). (5^).
^^F^T^PH:— Coriander seed (vq%).
^f^'%<uiH^^4:* — A court-house.
^n^^Mff: — A judge, the presiding oiEcer of a court.
STcT^ — A closed carriage. Also 'a ship or yesser.
^ Caus. with ^;ft^— To turn. As,
^l^i^ ^^^J^ — MrichcTihakatiJca. VI,
jsn^l with f^ — To cease, stop. As,
^*rpft ?3^^F?: — HafndvaU. L
2. S'RIHARSHA'S PRIYADARS'IKA. IT
^T^cq? m^f "n% f^frw ^f^u^ ^f^ ^^ I ^
^■^^^1 I II ■ I p I l^.^i»«— . I . II I «■- III _ « i ■ .. , I '
1. Much, exceedingly. Adr. 2. To sit quiet. 3. To employ some
means. 4. Being pacified, consoled. Pass. 5. Country. 6. A. ram-
part, the surrounding wall of the fortress 7. Saluted. From to
with q.
18 THE SANSKRIT READER
fRR?!l
x!?i5r3^ JTrarf^ ^^ W^ ftcr'M ?i^ »i%t'ii "*i%-
^TT%35i^ ^^^ ^^'c(t "fl^ ?n»TR^" ?T% »i^m»nf^-
^ «n«^Tn I ?itT: ^i%*i H^q5^ i^T»WT felt ^f^V
1. Attack. 2. Backwards. 3. Pretence*
2. S'RiHARSHA'S PRTTADARS'IKA. 19
1. Swoon, loss of consciousness &c. 2. Having come to senses.
3. This word is used in a double sense: — (1) a king; (2) a physi-
cian, knowing antidotes of poison and curing poisonous cases. 4.
Present, donation, 5. Significantly.
20 THE SANSKRIT READER.
3. S'riharsha's Nagananda.
^^^j ^^%3^ ^^^.r^ ^trfTRj-** ^r^ sfi^^r-
1. Showing, bringing to light. 2, Exemplifying, making an
example of. 3. Story, composition. 4. Kingdom. 5. Rivals
enemy. 6. Indifference.
5. THE SPRING. 17
wn^ T^lfw ^|^r%: l^^tT^f^^ ''f^^lt II
1. God of love. 2. The bow. 3. Aimed. 4. Swift. 5. Arrows.
6. Pierced, torn. 7. Bodies. The meaning, — whose bodies were
pierced &c. 8. Fell into a trance. 9. Those whose husbands
were dead. 10. Desire of shedding tears, the act of shedding
tears. 11. A lotus flower. LU: growing in water. Gren. Sing. 12.
Voc. Sing, One having a handsome form. 13. Near, at hand, Adj.
14. The Spring. 15. Shedding tears and weeping is considered
inauspicious. 16. Nom. a^-^f. Obj. gfg^. 17. This maid. 18. Life.
This word is always used in the plural ; so also the word qpj.
There are according to the belief of the ancients five Pr^inas or
vital principles. 19. Apprehending evil. 20. Out of fondness. 21.
Not false, true. The word p^^ literally means f^^ ^[^\^^ ^^^19"
*that which has deviated from the truth; hence, false, not true.
22. Sec. Pers. Sing. Aor. of ^tt with fq[. Being joined with |^[ the
augment is omitted, ^ with (^ means 'to make*. 23. Not. Pro-
hibitive. 24. To be beyond the reach of, to do anything in con-
travention to. 25. Festival. 26. A collection, number of rela.
tions. The words T{m, spf, ^^ and ^^[^ add the affix ^ in this
sense. 27. Hearing. 28. ^^+ ^^:+ ^J^:; f^Tf{j 'voice', gg^,
'true'; ^fijcT, 'nectar*. 29. Became glad, joyous.
18 THE SANSKRIT READER.
M A.GB. A— S'ia'updlavadha. Canto. VI.
6. An Excellent House-wife.
1. Delighting the mind. 2. Opened, cansed to blossom. 3. A kind
of creeper (iftTO)* ^' Honey. 5. Abundance. 6. Increased, height-
ened. 7. Mental power. 8, A female bee. 9. Bearing, hav-
ing an intoxicated, wild, uncontrolled voice. 10. With a steady
and sonorous voice. An adv. 11. Pass. Perf. of ^ with ^K,.
12. Rendered red. An adj. qualifying ("qj^. 13. Full blown. 14.
f%3^» 'the tree and flower called ^oS^'y ^^fit> 'collection*. 15. Bore.
16. ra, 'forest', ^oq*^,- 'fire'; A fire in the forest, wild fire, con-
flagration. 17. Eieh, master of many lacs, crores. 18. A son of
a merchant, Bania. 19. One nearly 18 years old. The termina-
tions ^,5tf, ^\^y \^([ ^ ^r® added in the sense of 'little less than
the thing expressed by the root or base*. 20. Without a wife.
21. Without a fitting, obedient, properly trained wife. 22. Trxist
in others, strangers. 23. Wished for.
6, AN EXCELLENT HOUSE-WIFE. 1»
^f ^pq^Ti: H^ «c^i^?T^r ^f^^^ Jirfrr^w ti^^
1. Merit, qualification. 2. An astrologer. 3. Tying a Prastha-
fuU rice in his wearing clothe (q=^f or vfi^?;). A prastha is a measure.
The Liiavati has "vgp^nf^t ^3[^?^^TiTFr^r^7l^ JTHT^^Rmft^ m I sff-
^mfk^i 5^^-lTf^« " ^* Marks on the body. Physiognomy is or
rather was an important science among the ancient Hindus and
even now there are persons who believe in the truth of the princi-
ples laid down by the science. 5. Of his own caste. 6. Sumptu-
ous. 7. To feed (us), give. 8. Scoffed and scorned. 9. Whose
great wealth was terminated with her parents i.e. who had lost
her parents as well as her large fortune, 10. Whose furniture,
equipment was meagre (at an end). 11. A certain. 12, Hideous.
13. Clean-washed, 14. Ankles.
20
THE SANSKEIT READER.
'rr^^i^^^^^r^iH I v^^i^THf ^w»w^, ^iJijbTf fi %^:
1. Regularly round. 2. Fat. 3. The cavities of the loins. 4. A
wheel. 5. Nipples. 6. Plenty, abundance. 7. Thick, luxuriant.
8. Such a good form (exterior) will not present an inferior mind,
disposition not corresponding (to this nice exterior). 9. Re-
pentance, grief. 10. Succession, series.
4. The Eaghuvams'a of K&liddsa with the commentary (the
Sanjtvini) of Mallinatha and various readings. Es» 2.
5. The Sitbhhshitat^atniibliitndhgara or the Gems of Sanskrit
Poetry, being a collection (of about 12,000 s'lokas) of Witty,
Epigrammatic, Instructive and Descriptive verses picked up from
about 500 different authors. Ks. 3 Ans. 8.
6. The Hitopades'a of Vishuus'arman. Ans. 9,
7. The Ratndvall of S'riharshadeva with explanatory English
[Notes, Ans. 8.
8. The Dcbs'akumaracharita of Dandin with its Purvapithik^
and XJttarapithikal and an Uttarapithiks^ by Padman^bha ; also
with the commentaries (the PadachandrikS) of Kavindra Sarasvati
^nd (the BhushanS) of S'ivar^ma on the Das'akum&racharita and
the Padadipika on the Purvapithika and various readings. Rs. 2.
9. The A.b7Ujnanas'cikuntala of K^lid^sa with the commentary
(the ArthadyotanikS) of Rdghavabhatta and explanatory Eng-
lish Notes. Bs. 2,
10. The Bhagavadgitct (in very small type). Ans. 5.
1 1 . The Fancharatnt Gt0 ( „ ). Ans. 7.
12. The AdhyUmarcimhyana ( „ ). Re. 1 Ans. 4.
13. The Sapta^ati ( „ ). Ans. 5.
14. The AnuhhUtiprakas'a of Vidy&ranyasvdmin. Rs. 2 Ans. 4.
15. The RtLmachandrika ( Declensions of nouns). Ans 4.
16. The S'ivathidava-Stotra, Ana. 1.
17. The Ratnasamif/cJicJiaya (about 900 sayings of different
.-authors). Ans. 2.
18. The Pras'noUaror'PayonidliL Ans. 4.
19. The AshtMiyayt'StUrapcitha of PItoini. Ans. 5.
20. The Udttshmsadhu-Stotra, Ans. 5.
21. jEsop'8 Fables (Translated). Part 1 & 2. Each part. Ans, G.
22. The Abhinavakhdamhart by Dhundir^ja (An abstract of
Bana's K&dainbarl). Ans. 8.
23. Ma7iiismriti with the commentary of Kulluka-
bhatta. Rs. 2. Ans. 8.
24. The Dharmasindhu (with MarHthl translation). Rs. 6.
25- The JS'Mrakmidltikara ( „ ). Rs. 4.
26. The Matrictdation Examination Papers in Sanskrit with
answers (1862-1883). Re, 1 Ans. 2.
r
r.
THE
SANSKRIT READER.
H^fcnTT^RT^: I
Vol I. June 1884. No. 6.
CONTENTS.
Part. L EXERCISfiS. Page,
Section 1. Exercise 6 11
2 6 11
• -yf V* at* ••• ■•• ••• •«• J X.
)) O* f) ^* •'•• ••• ••« ••• »■* » i-X
Part II. CHOICE EXPRESSIONS, IDIOMS &c..., 11
Part III. TALES FROM SANSKRIT AUTHORS.
3. S'riharsha's Nllgananda. ..* 21
Part IV, ELEGANT EXTRACTS.
6. An Excellent House-wife ., ..• 21
7, A Prospect. ... ;.• ... . ... ... ... 24
BOMBAY:
Printed and Published by the Proprietor
OP ^HE **NlRNAYA-SAaARA" PfiESS. W? J
f
THE SANSKRIT READER.
AURANGEMENT.
— »-^@}sC>-< —
This Magazini| will contain, for the present, 16 pages, . It will
be divided into four pai*ts. Part f will contain Sections 1-5
adapted for Anglo-Vernacular Standards IV-VI respectively. This^
part will contain easy exercises for translation. Care will l>e
taken to see that the^ exerpisi^s cpntain^woi*d& aiid expressions
with which the studipnt is familiar in Prof: Bhftndirkar's Books,
but when any new Wordstar forlns occur explanatory foot-nofees will
be given. Part II is meant for Students of Standard VI. and VII.
It will include a collection of choice words, ^expressions, and idioms
from various Sanskrit writers, with their English equivalents.
Part III is intended fof thie Candidate Classes in^ oujr High
Schools. Here it is pi'oposed to sive abstracts of the Standard
Sanskrit Kavyas, Natakas, Kath^s &c. on the plan of the well-
k^own "Lamb's Tales from Shakespeare*'. Part IV is expected
to serve as reading for more advanced Students. It will contain
elegant extracts from original Sanskrit works Tyi^^ ^^^ . ^^FP^^Aa-
tory Notes in English. Thus, it is hoped, that thi^ seriah will %&
useful to those for whom it is intended, and will fe read as a
companion to Prof. Bhandarkar's Books. The parts and sections
are so graduated as to meet, it is hoped, th^ requirements of £tll
classes of Students— ^from ■ beginners to uiideT-gi'adus^t^s. Jtis
a 1^0 hoped that it wifl aflbrd interesting readhig to thoiie who do
n^t read, with an ^e for examination.
lEax^h number will be issued on the first of evevy month. Each
pi|,rt and section will have separate paging so that they cp^ji b»
bdund separately. ;
SANSKRIT BOOKS FOR SALE AT THE NfRNAVASAGARA PRESS. '
1. The Tarhasangraha of Annambhatta with his own gloes
(the Dipika) and an English Translation. Ans. 6,
2. The Meghadijita of Kalidasa with the commentary (th0
Slinjivinl) of Mallinatha and various readings. Ans. 8,
.^ 3, ■ The Kumdrasambkava of KaHdasar ~ witlr the coms^entary
(the Sanjivini, 1~8 Sargas) of Mallinatha and various readings.
Re, 1 Ans. 8.
THE SANSKRIT READER.
OPINIONS.
f .1-1
"It will prove of use to students and ovight to find sale. The
sentences given in the exercises for reading are chosen with great
judgment from classical works ; and the beginner who has read
sentences such as you propose to give will carry with him to the
study of classics a fair acquaintance with the most prominent
Noughts and feelings contained in the books." — Abdjt Vishnu Ett-
thawUe B, A. Professor of Sanskrit, Guzerat College^ Ahmedabad,
" The Sanskrit Header is a useful magazine for beginners, and
considering its cheapness, it bids fair to attract a good- number of
subscribers. It would benefit even college students if its plan
were a little modified. Part II. contains good forms of expression
imd idioms, some of which might interest any reader." — Rdmdas
Chvhildas in the Journal of the National Indian Association.
(April 1884.)
•iftcT %?Rir?w irftrffeRmcf TfV'T^qR^ H^^cwr^rnrr mf^ ^^*^di ^-
"»ii<©i h\A\<^ ^Xf\\A ^siv cii«fl:^ ^>i^^ iq<i cn^j^M^cA'a ^\v vi-
^«rT% ^^fTTsft ^rfimr.
^Pfi^ f^ TRR5r liH^ snfBi ji%^^ nt^^.
'rWf tTTTT %c!T 3^1%. «rT M*IMI^ ^ -^TTSlt rtlWm^l^f
ft^KT ^r^f eft" ^nftcT 3ii^. ^ ^®o ^!^r^ SRSf arg^r
^ ?T«rM '^o n%Hi^ ^f^«TTT sFfTt ql^ff w% spnr
TT. ^. !(n7 «Tte "^ #i<fr m?w ^ '3:?r #^ "rr^waf^ f^
i^^ il^ilH ^TFTT 3Trwr# JTMf ^5f|5?t ant- ^fcT^rftRT
JHT^ ^m^ 3TFP^Tr^ ^ cqt^ JT^TcST 3lf|.
^f^3Tl|. ITFTT^^T 5?irei ,^i^ 3f^ 3Tlt^, flr^IiT, JTRS
'i't ^ snot sTRcT q%^. Jn? ^ ^f^^^t^^ |^. ^ss^-
3TFrr toWst mdRc4r Trf^. -
PART I. SECTION 1. 11-
. Exercise 6.
5^«T ^^' ^"^ I um^ T# I f%^T: f|»5|-
1. Wholesome^ beaeficial. 2. Grams. 3. n. Saddle. 4. Are
bought. 5. Props, supports, pillars. 6. Are out, shaped, planed.
7. To report, inform. 8. That which has taken place, account.
0. A secret. 10. A bullock. 11. To point out.
6
12 THE SANSKRIT READER.
^n^m Tc^r: %q?cr i vRppqf ^|^ i ^^^'^: ^^
Synonyms of f%^.
r«f, #^, 1fR?I, f%, ^»?ft?:f, gTRFT, 5^(t^, 'i^'m,
1. To quarrel, dispxite. 2. Cross. 3, Merchants. 4. CoUyrium
(tprilo!)- 5. The sight of a king. 6. Invitation notes, cards. 7.
Are sent. 8. A term used at the presentation of an offering to
the gods. 9. A reply, return message.
r
PART I. SECTION 2. 11
Exercise 6.
1. A "wick. 2. OiL 3. Dishes, leaves «kc. off which men dine
•or take their food. 4. Remove. 5. Pres. part. Atm. of ^ with
4R"*to believe.' 6. A servant, boy, man. 7. Bricks. 8. Generally.
9. J?roper names, demons so called. 10. Strong, of great strength,
physical power. 11. To rub gently. 12, Old men, elders.
1-2 THE SANSKRIT READER.
-Alliterations, puns &c.
1. Mixed, diluted with water. 2. A swelling, 3. Looseness.
4, Unsoundness of mind. 5. Moss. 6. Tiu-bid, unclean, 7.
Covered o^er. The word 3f[f^^^ o^^^s with q^ and v3Tf^^ with
^I^f*^ ^^' ^- Mixed with water fresh from the clouds. 9.
Frothy. 10. Containing insects, worms. 11. Causing shivering
sensation to the teeth or rather jaws. 12. Because of her im-
becility (brought on by age). 13. This verse explains what
is meant by the four Upiyas (remedies) viz: ^^m, ^^, 5|^ and
^TT^. The four pftdas of the verse are examples of the four
tJpayas in order. 14. The same as usf. The termination sp is
called ^Y^. ^ is also a diminutive termination as jg-, *a tree,'
f ?^t 'a yo"»g tree, plant*. 15. Bat. Sing, of opq, 'another'. A
Pron, 1(^- Ptilly pluck.
PART 1. SECTION 3. 11
Exercise 6.
3 V
^K^^ ^^^i ^m^U % f^w^W' I ti<3^'!T^^q^fi^
1. Children, youngsters, mere boys. 2. Preparations. 3.
The auspicious things. 4. Wheat. 5. A kind of corn (3^7).
6. A kind of corn (y(). 7. Grams. 8. Siigarcandy (^^fp^).
^. From the market. 10. Women's garment (^f^, gJl%')- H. -£*^:
Make it with a lord, you will be as it were regai'ded as the lord
director of affairs; hence, grace, adorn. 12. Conclude. 13. Letters.
14. Messengers, earners, couriers. 15. Runners. 16L Village (g[?).
13 THE SANSKRIT HEADER.
Alliterations^ puns &c.
1. One having the sign of a deer. i. e. The Moon, The spot*
in the moon were considered as the sign of a sitting deer by the
ancients. 2. Door. 3. A musical instniment. 4. Flutes. 5. Mana-
ger of a dramatic corps. 6. This verae describes that the five
Pandavas in their infancy as they grew up walked on fours (two
hands or palms of the hand and two knees). The poet assigns
a reason for this. It is happy though far-fetched. They became
jis it were conscious of the fact that the earth was their mother
(father's wife) and so they tried to show respect to her and avoid-
ed insulting her by the touch of their feet. Among Hindus elders
are always objects of not only respect but reverence so much so
that even external forms must be observed. If one happens to
touch an elder with his foot he must salute him then and there,
q^:, 'with their feet', qj^ substitutes q^ in the oblique cases
optionally. 7. Ayoiding. 8. Knees. 9. Walking, going. 10. y
with ;^m is 'to display wondrously'.
99
99
CHOICE EXPRESSIONS, IDIOMS ike. 11
^' t j Hmi^^l '^ry' — A keeper of a garden.
^953rT — -A. seal impressed on sealing wax,
fisf^R— A clerk.
^ with ^RTf — To subdue, subjugate.
» ^Rl^ — ^<> present.
q^q^ — To be present at an occurence, thing, To
bear testimony to, witness.
^fi l ^W — To commit to flames.
^;ft-^ To include.
^n3[- H^ — To polish, as a stone.
H< | »^ — To make to turn one's back, hence also to
put to rout (an army).
jfH with ^|^uq4j[^ — To free oneself from debt; generally moral-
j^)q^iYprT — The usual run, course of the world.
'in^ 3^1^ — To become a Yati. This literally means to
take upon oneself, to wear, reddish clothes (^ff ^^), dress
oneself in such clothes as a sign of being a Yati.
^l^l^<4'^ — A. garment generally worn out and old worn at
the time of bathing and in the house generally as half
dress {^c^^).
%^r^ — Silence, taciturnity.
m^ — ^A present.
^^arsj^ — To unfold a letter.
en^snfl^ — Without loss of time, delay.
iq; with q- — To be lord of, have mastery o^er.
Mdlavikdgiiimitra . V.
^Srm^(10th Conj.) — To pay respect, to visit.
v|nfa^4JL — The royal seat, throne, even a judge's seat.
m^ with q(^ — To wait for, await.
12 THE SANSKRIT READEE.
:^fiiji^f^-r- To utter ^, Be victoiious, triumphaaat, prosper
&c. to a king or poteatate.
^f'^JR'?*«rrT — ^ saying of the people, rumour.
mK\i T^^n^or f^i%r — To shed tears.
. 5^ — Stealthily, secretly.
^^'T^t'fr* — Malavikdgnimitra. V,
f^^ with pf — To encamp, halt on the way (said of a cara-
van, company of traders, or a king's aimy &c.)
Malavikdgnimitra. V.
f^(%^r— ^ palanquin.
^^^mi^ — A. closed carriage.
i^,Z'. — A cart.
i^mr— A. foal (fmt)'
W^Tky ^ixm^- — -^^ armour, "a coat of mail.
^|q[, T|;^^; or t^vys^JT— ^ shield.
^l?ff?:^ X^r-^ TSr^-— -^ q^i^'^^^ ^ ^^g f^^^^ arro\YS (^[^[ ).
^ with ^T— Accus. to make a sign, beckon.
^j^f% — A householder, gentleman.
^J^r^'l"" "^^ shampoo.
1^ with ^nj; — To make peace, also to aim as aa aiTOw..
^ftf or ftf — To cover, shut.
(^ — To do, to make, recommend, command.
^^ g^ — To attend to. . .
q-(^ — To wear, to dress.
^q.._ To make (something serve as a) pillow.
ifrf^T — A torch.
•^a^raafr— fH^%> Punishment and gfj^r^ , reward. ' Favour
and disfavour.
7>
3. S'RIHARSHA'S NAgANANDA. 21
q?r^??Hif-"^ g ^^ c!%% f%qf^ ^iT?r4qqioT'T(?l*'
NO
1. Devoid of rice. 2. Throbbing. 3. Turned. 4. Neck.
6. A little. 6. Cnt^ chewed. 7. Siiigs to the accompanimebt
of the ^aT[. 8. Strings. 9. ' Sfl'eet, sonorous roiee. 10. Hiding.
22 THE SANSKRIT EEADEE.
#rf ^i^^F Tri^r mf^^i ^^r^*. i 'ft?nii^'^ '^^ifr
1. Used in the double sense of a 'boon' and 'match', 'husband'.
2. For a long time. 3, Taking with force, with a jerk. 4. "With
pretended anger. 5. Blame, find fault with*
3. S'RIHARSHA'S NAgANANDA. 25
«f %5f^f5r5Ri??^R:" ffit m^f?^ ^^«r *'^m ^^J•
1. Cessation. 2. Honoar. 3. Vivid. 4. Foot-prints. 5^
Swinging, moring this way and that way or one way and anotlier^
wavering.
2i THE SANSKRIT READER,
1. Kindled, blazing. 2. Pierced by the arrows of the God of
uneven (five) arrows. (Ciipid). 3. SuiTonnded by, encircled witk*
4. Comforting, 5. Reception.- 6. Uncourteous.
6. AX EXCELLENT HOVSE-AVIFE. 21
'^'ir^^if^ ^nf^go^M ^srr^ i%wT=^r ^«Tr^'i5^ ^^t%
rv •s ^ "S <V_i i____?S_^.
^___m __ I - u L ■ I - — ■ —-■■■■■■ I I ----■—■ — ■ ■ ^
1, To feed, make us eat. 2. Significantly. 3. A measure,
equal to a quarter seer. 4. Veranda. 5. Slightly. 6. A pestle.
7. Polish. 8. A'coin (a cowrie). 9. Earthen pots. 10. Wooden
mortar used for cleaning rice. (g"^^). 11. A winnowing basket.
(m). 12. Husk. 13. It is customaiy to worship the fireplace
by throwing a few rice grains over it before the rice are thrown
into the vessel used for cooking. 14. Rice and water. 15. To
strain. 16, A ladle, spoon. (qfoSjO.
22 THE SANSKRIT READER.
f^«T.* mft'Jt^- ""^^s^rr: ^Ff%«ftt?wr ^ |#
^T^r '^ftnifsrf ^«t5[^ %5!5r^ I ^^ ^ ^-^ir ^ fit%.
1. Boiled rice. 2. Wood, pieces of wood or fuel. 3. Whote outr
«ide was burned but inside was sound. 4. Having turned into coals.
5. Vegetables. 6. Sometliing serving to give zest to food, condiments
(^'^l > «F^f^^ ^* ^^ short that which comes under the word ^fpfj-
^f^jf). 7» Smoothed and plastered ground. 8. A wooden plank
(qjj). 9. Leaf. 10. A drinkable, i. e. the kanji of boiled rice (j^).
11. Putting a little ghee in it. 12. A sauce, condiment. 13. Three
spices i. e. mace, (^f^jq-fl), cardamoms (t^^) and cassia leaf
(^TTf^)- 1^» Buttermilk, (^fj^). 15. The water of boiled rice (^).
6. AN EXCELLENT HOUSE-WIFE. 23
=^ %q^j% t^ci^ 'f^^^l »if ^'fiP'r =^f^^*?^f^i
DANDIN — Das'akumdracharifa. Part. VI,
1. n. Boiled rice {^[^)- 2. A vase. 3. Pouring a small stream
of water by means of a m^{. 4. Excellence, eminence. 5. Given
to. 6. Upto the throat, i. e. To one's satiafaction. 7. A
water pot. 8. Water for rinsing the mouth, 9. Anointed.
10. Old garment. 11. Having married. 12. Courtezan, harlot.
13. A member of his harem. 14. Honoured. 15.. Without
idleness. 16. Served. 17. Fully. 18. ^^H^WF:- 19. Enjoyed,
2i
THE SANSKRIT-READER.
. 7. A Prospect. -,*
1.. Intimate, acquainted. 2. House. 3. A valley. 4. Group. 5,.
To scatter. 6. Names of rivers. 7. A girdle. 8. Form. 9. TW^'
Sindliu and the Para rivers appeared to have been the pieces of '.*
the sky which had fallen down after being torn to pieces by com-
ing in contact with the tall mansions &c. 10. Citizens, l-l^
Pleasure, joy. 12. A kind of grass. 13. Near. 14. Thundering^
15. Mountains. IC. Echoing. 17. Name of Ganes'a. 18. SoubA.
4i, Tho^ Ra^kuv4;^m8la c^f K^lid^Uui with the commentary (the
Sanjtviiii) of Mallindtha and various readings. Rs. 2.
5. The Subhtishieo^^thaSh&fidaffVLra or the Ge|nS of Sanskrit^
it*oetry, being a collection (or about 12,000 s'lokas) of Witty,
Epigrammatic, Instructive and Descriptive verses picked up from
4bout 500 different authors. Rs. 3-Ans. 8.
6. The ffitop(id;es^d of Vishnus'arman. Ans. 9;
7. The 7?a<Vi4m^t of S'riharshadeva with explanatory
Notes. Ans. 8.
8. Tl^e Pa^'ahuniaracharita of Daridin with its PuryapithikS
tod Uttarap5thik& and an XJttarapitbika. by Padmajiabha ; also
^ththe conimentaries (the Padachandrika), of Kavmdra Saras vati
and (the Bhiisjia^a) of S'lvarama on the D^s'akumaracharita and
the Padadipik4 on the Pijrvapithiksl and various readings. . lis, 2.
9. The Ahhij^nanas'akuntala 6i Kalid^a with the commentary-
(the Arthadyotanik^) of Eaghayabhatta and explanatory Eag-
Msh Kotes. Rs. 2,r' . .
\(i. Tk<& Bhagdvdd'gtth (in vei^y small tyj)©). Ans, S. .
11. The Panclvaratni GitSi, ( „ *). Ans. ?w
. 12. The Adhyhfrnidramhyatia { „ •). Re; 1 Ans. 4;
5 13. The Sapta^ait ' ( ' „ )* Atis. 5i
♦ \i:. Th^ AnuVhutipraka^a of Vidyllr8^nyasvfi,min. Rs;'2 Ans. 4.
15. The i?am«cArt?ic?riA^( Declensions of nouns). Ans 4.
16. 'The /S^^m/«?^<fava->S^o^m. Ana. 1.
17* The RtUnatUmt^hchayd' {p^6\x% ^(bO sayings of different
aiithoTff). Ans. 2, • '
18. The Fras'n6Uara-Pdt/dnidhi, A,ns. 4.
,19. The AshtcidliT/ai/t-Sdtrapatha of T^ni. Ans. 5.
! 20. The Udastnf^g^l^yr-Siqtra. 7 - - - : Ans. 5.
. 21. ^so^'^ Fables (Translated); Part I & 2, Each part. Ans, 6.
22. The 4^hinavakMa7fibaH by Dhundirlija (An. abstract of
]^a's K^ambarr). 'Ans, 8. . . *•
, 23. Manmm^lH . . with . . tliQ . cp.mmentftry of KuUuka-
biatta. Rs: 2. Ans. 8. ' ■ '
" 24. Th^ BhatmaHndhii (with Mar&tht twiMatidn); !fte; 6.
; 25. TPhe ' S'iidrdhamamara {' ' „ ). Rs; 4. \
I 26. The MatriciUaiion Examination Papers in Sanskiit with
ahaweris (I862-1883):"Re. 1 Aiir^. " ' ^. ... -
THE SANSKRIT READER.
ARRANGEMENT.
This Magazine will contain, for the present, 16 pages.^ It will
be divided into four parts. Part I will contain Sections 1-3
adapted for Anglo- Vernacular Standards IV-YI respectively. This
part will contain easy exercises for translation. Care will be
taken to see that these exercises contain words and expressions
with which the student is familiar in Prof. Bh&adarkar's Books,
but when any new words or forms occur explanatory foot-no fees will
be given. Part II is meant for Students of Standard VI. and VII.
It will include a collection of choice words, expressions, and idioms
from various Sanskrit writers, with their English equivalents.
Part III is intended for the Candidate Classes in our High
Schools. Here it is proposed to give abstracts of the Standard
Sanskrit Kavyas, Mtakas, KathSs &c. on the plan of the well-
known ^'Lamb's Tales from Shakespeare". Part IV is expected
to serve as reading for more advanced Students. It will contain
elegant extracts from original Sanskrit works with full explana-
tory Notes in English. Thus, it is hoped, that this serial will be
useful to those for whom it is intended and will be read as a
companion to Prof. Bhdnddrkar's Books. The parts and sections
are so graduated as to meet, it is hoped, the requirements of all
classes of Students — ^from beginners to under-graduates. It is
also hoped that it will afford interesting reading to those who do
not read with an eye for examination.
Each number will be issued on the first of every month. Each
part and section will have separate paging so that they could b«
bound separately.
SANSKRIT BOOKS FOR SALE AT THE NIRNAYASACARA PRESS.
1. The Tarkadarigmha of Annambhatta with his own gloss
(the Dipik^) and an English Translation. Ans. 6.
2. The MegliaMta of KSlidisa with the commentary (the
Sanjivini) of MallinStha and various readings. Ans. 8,
3. The Kum^rammbhax^a of KalidSsa with the commentary
(the Sanjivini, 1-8 Sargas) of MallinStha and various readings.
Re, 1 Ans. 8.
THE SANSKRIT READER.
OPINIONS.
"The new Sanskrit Reader is ininy opinion a very merifcorioua
publication^ and is calculated, I think, to materially help the large
aaid inoreasin|p^«}ft^.a£. studelits, learning- the Sanskrit language.
The various parts of the Reader are put together with great judg-
ment and with due regard tpthe wants of the various classes of
students for whom they are intended. The adaptation of sentence*
fronsL st^dard works i^ also 'vrell doxie and the npte% so far as I
have seen them, are judicious. I am afraid there, will be consider^
able difficulty in making the last Part complete in each number,
but if that couid be done, it wtjuld* mak^ iije |iiublieation, I think,
even more acceptable than it is at present. I have noticed a few
trifling slips bijt they iio not .det(?«^eir fifoiiai t^te .merits of the pub-
lication as a whole and can be easily corrected". — K. T. Telang,
"A good help to the fe eginn€i» «of Sanskrit.'' — Q. TT. Kurka-
ray J Begistrar of Native Publications (in the Bombay Govtrnment
Gazette of 14th May 188 Jf).
^5rrt?r '^WTift' H^KM.
^i^i^ ^^^ v^m ^(^ 3fif5r H^ift ifft#.
PART I. SECTION 1. 13
Exercise 7.
f ^TTST^'^ '^'f^ I f ^TTPTt f^^ ^W' I f^vqt ir^f^
1. To drop. 2. n. Water. 3. Echo. 4. Foam. 5 Fish. 6«
Pot, vessel, basket to hold flowers. 7. Are driven. 8. Flies. 9.
Dogs. 10. Elnowledge of reality. 11. Pass. Pres. of gjja with
IT, 'to get'. 12. A clamour, noise. 13. Buffalo.
7
14 THE SANSKRIT READER.
Synonyms of ^^.
^, ^%C, TI%T. TT'ST. 'ft'SRf, %2^ ( or %Z ) l^lit'JJT, ^«E^,
1. Cart. 2, Wood, fuel. 3. Foresters. 4. Tribute, tax, 5.
Thin, lean, emaciated. 6. Arisen. Fast part, of a- with ^. The
Past part, termination in Sanskrit is jf. 7. Milk. 8. Bullocks.
9. Flags. 10. Pupils. 11. The same words with the fern, affixes
added on are used in the sense of maid-serrants.
PART I. SECTION 2. 13
Exercise 7.
9rp?rif?rr ^i^: i
1. Blame, reproach, insult. 2. Legally wedded. 3. Wife,
companion in the practice of religious rites. 4. He whose ad-
vance was checked. 5. Silk. 6. Sheep. 7. Insect. 8.
Shuttle. 9. Weavers. 10. Are woven. 11. Gi-and-father
(mother's father). The grand-father on the father's side being
called ft^TWf* ^2. Wife of maternal uncle, aunt.
U THE SANSKRIT HEADER.
WHtnf ^ I «lft»TR?f'^ 5^T Wmi 5TF^T ^^qr qqq-
Alliterations, puns ice.
1. Mango. 2. Sweetness. 3. Market, Bazar. 4. Staleness.
5. Women whose husbands are living. 6. Observe a fast. 7. liong-
life. 8. Old in years. 9. Old in penance, religious austerity. 10.
Old in learning. 11. Loc. Sing, of g;[j fern.
PART I. SECTION 3. 3
Exercise 7.
iff^ '«l^ If ^I^ f^^J f^^?^: II
^^^ *R5Tf fitR^t Hf ^^ «^I^^ I
^ff^i^ fra^r ^t^ f f^^«^ II
^ W(^ ^f^i 3^f 'T'n^cr I
%^ *«Rpf^»fi^ ^f%cfi te<^^^<r II
1. A womcka of an irascible temper. 2. Clothes, garments.
3. Wore, .dressed herself in. 4. Improper, indecorous. 5. A
sacrifice. 6. Instr. Sing, of n'. fern. Resentment. 7. ^-bitten
biting; ^j^E^-the lid or covering of the teeth i. e. the lip. The
whole means biting her lipa 8. Crows. 9. The s is used here and
in many other places to show intensity. Very harsh. 10. Throwing.
It is used however here in the sense of 'abusing, scorning' dec.
14 THE SANSKRIT READER.
?R^ Itfl'lt ^^ IIIT^^JI'lt "^^ I
hihJ k^^m ^ 3T^<?F ?rf ??^ f II
^,^ fn^ <t^ ^il^ ^ T fi%^: II
Alliterations, puns &c.
1. Anger, exasperation, passion. 2. By accident. 3. Upper
garment. 4. Adj. qualifying ^^. Without cloth, dress, un-
dressed, naked. 5. The daughter of ^^TO, 'S'ukra*. 6. Match,
connection. 7. Made and formed by man. 8. Acceded to &c.
9. A lover bewails the hard-heartedness of his mistress. He
attributes the hardness of the heart to the material taken for
its formation. He says that the heart is made of stone and he
wonders why the creator in creating that lovely form formed the
eyes out of lotuses, face out of the same, the teeth out of Kunda
flowers &c. and made use of a stone in forming the heart. To
form the other limbs and parts of the body he selected the most
tender, delicate and soft things in the world and failed to select
the same or a similar mateiial for the formation of the hearts
CHOICE EXPRESSIONS, IDIOMS &c 13
t B DiHHR — Preparation.
f^ with ^f^ & ^— To refuse.
« ^TT'^ To pretend.
„ i^H — To send word, message.
„ ^IT"" ^^ command.
j> ^ — To teach.
f^nnroc— Welcome-
IINK^ - — -A.n upper garment
^ 4|L{ai — Scorn, an object of soom.
ftiJgldilg^— fW^ Punishment ; STpff* Reward. Favoiir and
disfavour.
^ fiii»^^lH> — "^ magistrate's, judge's court.
^tdrTT — A. torch.
97^^: — A tavern keeper.
^ with ^ni — To withdraw. As
„ — To abridge. As
„ — To collect, bring together. As
^^^ — Insolence, boast.
Pmi— Leprosy. {^).
^'TR^TO — According to the circumstances of a (particular)
case.
%^ — Jealous.
jg^^^g^ — With the hair standing on end (as a sign of joy).
^^MiMil — Succession of ears, from ear to ear. As
^^Ig^ ? — O^e resenting and trying to take vengeance.
aqr^ with ^ — To ask in marriage as a girL As
' ^ir[t%^r'=^ ^^f^ ^c^nitif^^ ^- — Priyadars'ikd V.
14 THE SANSKRIT EEADER.
^V*nrPr — With great difficulty.
P |i £uuj[ — Carefully. As
Pr^f -^-^ Shackles, fetters, chains.
f^i;<f< ^: — In detail.
^^nHT^-^nmnr:— in short.
^ with ^ — To traverse as a road. As
^inf($^ — Unexpected, unexpectedly.
^T^t^T — Of a marriageable age.
^f^ — Open. (Said of a flower, lotus.)
«n^^ — wine, liquor, spirits.
^fj^ — Sward, green.
I'^snrtT^ — -^ chameleon, (^^f)
^yip^with ^ — (10th eonj.) To reveal, disclose.
^ with ^ — To deprecate, derogate, think light of.
„ 5?:^ — To give precedence, preference. 5?;^^. Prece-
dence, preference. As
»> ^^^ — To trouble, harass.
qjl% — Remedy, procedure. As
^GrT%?f — Attentive. From vfywith g^^. As
* ^fftcRTTcyi^^S^^ ^ — S'dhuntala F.
^ with sq^ — To appear, become manifest.
» Tft — To assail, attack. As
» «*f^ — (Said of the mind.) To become troubled, con-
fused, to entertain suspicions &c.
«ni5r3n^^i3C> ^frf^rsFr— High, noble birth.
3. S'RtHARSHA'S NAoANANDA. 25
tt
1. A paint. 2. Mind. 3. Should be given. 4. Asked, in-
quired. 5. Freseing, wining, persuading.
26 THE SANSKRIT BEADEB.
^^'T'^cft HTf^'THT f^^^nr ^^s^^ 1 iiq^^f^ f^m^^
1. Desirous of leaving. 2. Determining upon. 3. Noose. 4.
Engaged in rash act.
3. S'RIHAESHA'S NIoIKANDA. 27
n^m f^Nif Hf^ ^^w{ I ft^fff^inft »RJ«n#n?n-
^»i'iTt'T?rf T^'F^i^Vr j^ 'rft^f Ti^'F'Tr ^ft^n^
I I ■ I III I i« I .1 Ml ■•> « ■ I 1 I 1 -i.^^«^^
1. Excellent, having something ^^ in it. 2. Rich, wealthy.
3. Betinue^ dependants. 4. Incensed, angry. 5. Seized. 6.
Shore, 7. Speedily, 8. From the bottom of the earth i. e. from
F^t^la, the abode of snakes. 9. The son of Yinat^ i e. Garuda.
10. The king of serpents. 11. The bird (Garuda). 12. Flying
downwards, descent. 13. Go to the state of five i. e. die.
28 THE SANSKBIT READER.
I. Assented to, accepted. 2. AfiUcted speech. 3. To make
manifest. 4c. Became the object of sight, was seen. 5. Loudly.
7. A PROSPECT. 26
1. A trea 2. Ripe. 3, A fruit (^^). 4. A tree. 5. Tied,
fastened. 6. Caves. 7. Echo. 8. Resounding. 9. The edge of a
mountain. 10. Rivers so called. 11. Confluence. 12. That which
gives sanctity. 13. Not effected by any man or mortaL 14.
Establishment. 16. Producer, creator. 16. Yedas. 17. DeUght. 18.
Given out, uttered. 19. Attached to, intent on. 20. Variegated.
21. Trees on which there were nests of birds. 22. Body, form
surface. 23. Gives. 24. Stones, rocks. 26. Oaves. 26. Echo. 27.
Bigness, ^ ^q;^ ^q^-SweU. 28. Foaming and making noise.
26 THE SAKSKftIT READER.
BBAYABBJJTI—MdlatiTiiddhava. Act IX.
8. Love-smitten DamayantL
1. Astringent. 2. Spreads, is scattered, increases. 3. A tree ( ^ | ^^ ),
4. Elephant 5. Tom, cut. 6. Motionless. 7. A tree (f^j-^). 8. A
bird (spfef). 9- Goes. 10. A tree. 11. Pod, branch. 12. A bird. 13.
A bird (tiT^r^Fl^). 14. A tree (f^fro). 15. Hollow (of a tree). 16.
Trunk, ^^^ is well defined by Amarasinha: '^^ ^^^^'^' ^^fr^*
^PTPWr'^^TOT^f^^*'* '^^^^ P^^ ^^ * *r®® which is between the
root and the part whence branches ramify. 17. Creeper. 18. Quali*
fication. 19. Bow-string. 20. God of Love. 21. The words gwf, vfj:,
w stand in the place of objects of ^^m. 22. That has reached (her)
ears, heard; also drawn to the ear. 23. There is a double-entendre
intended on this word. Good mind, and flower. 24. Him. (Nala).
8, LOVE-SMITTEN DAMAYANT^ 27
^^m fl^TTI^ ^^ f^^^WSRHK^si^ ^^J^Ht{ I
1. Strong, intense fever; also fever brought on by Love. 2. Talk
and conversation about her lover. 3. Lake, tank. 4. Heatings
troubling the mind. 5. Oonsequence, MHyiiM " ^* ^^^^^^s, danger-
ous. 7. 'arfl^r^ + ^^« ^' Disinclination to remain in one
place, unsteadiness. 9. From the velocity of the bird, the mes-
senger of her dear lover (the swan). 10. That disturbed, threw
into confusion. The word f^f^f is used in the sense of remaining
in one place, and sense of modesty. 11. Whose belly, abdomen
or rather waist is as slender as a g q g ^ . This refers to the theory
of certain philosophers who held that the world is made up of
particles, atoms called 3?^ or ^(j^. Two such forming what
they called g[%l^. Three such forming ^qx^ and so on. g[5jg^
therefore is the smallest cluster of atoms possible. 12. This is a
7Z[(q[. That thing may be said to have been formed out of that
immediately after which a particular thing came to pass or into
existence. Here upto the time she had not seen and talked to
the swan, she was ^] she became 9f>|^ oi learned, as it were,
^^Ik^ from the swan, because immediately after it left her she
became ^^. 13. To the highest degree. 14. Bacame. 15.
Silly- 16. Her face became too silly to remember even a smile,
she forgot her smiles, smile left her face* 17. Lame, unable. 18. In
the slight motion through along the courtyard of the comers. 19.
The eye compared to a bird called ^^fpf . The eye was motionless.
■j;
28
THE SANSKRIT READER.
^^wim^Rf^f ^f^/5%?«ntif ?rff^^^f^ ?RT I
1, Was it that 1 2. The physicians of heaven. 3. To mark
the symptoius and pronounce and give their opinions as to the
nature of derangement, illness. 4. Enamoured of. 5. To cure.
6. The partakers, sharers of the (offerings at a) sacrifice, gods. 7.
King. 8. Sent, appointed. 9. One having a flowery bovr (K&ma),
cupid, god of love. 10. Troubled, under the influence, effect of.
11. Say by day. 12. Condition, liken^s. 13. Her youth is
compared to the ^i.fiijj f^, 'sunshine'. Hardness is said to have
been formed owing to heat. 14. Fire. 15. The God of love is
compared to a potter. The second line refers to the practise of
potters to shape pipkins out of clay and then bum them to give
them hardness. 16. Heat, fever brought on by separation^ love,
non-attachment of the object of love. 17. Fight, quarrel, likeness.
18. Sandy country, region. 19. Unarable land. 20. Sister of
Dama (Damayantt's brother) i. e. Damayanti. 21. Covering.
22. The sun. The whole is a Bahuvrihl 23. The summer.
4. The Raghuvams'a of Kalidasa with the commentary (the
Sanjivini) of Mallinatha and various readings. Rs. 2.
5. The Sv^hhsJiitaratndbJiaafidtigiira or the Gems of Sanskrit
Poetry, being a collection (of about 12,000 slokas) of Witty,
Epigx'ammatic, Instructive and Descriptive verses picked up from
about 500 different authors. Es. 3 Ans. 8.
6. The Hitopades'a of Vishuus'arman. Ans. 9.
7. The Ratndvali of S'riharshadeva with explanatory English
Notes. Ans. 8.
8. The Das'ahim'hracharita of Dandin with its Pfirvapithikfi
and UttarapithikS and an TJttarapithik^ by Padmanabha j also
with the commentaries (the PadachandrikS) of Kavindra Sarasvati
and (the Bhushana) of S'ivarslma on the Das'akumdracharita and
the Padadipik^ on the Purvapithik^ and various readings. Rs. 2.
9. The Ahhijnanm'tbkuntala of K^lid&sa with the commentary
(the Arthadyotanik^) of Raghavabhatta and explanatory Eng.
lish Notes. Rs. 2.
10. The Bhagavadgtth (in very small type). Ans. 5.
The Panclmratnt GUd ( „ ). Ans. 7.
The Adhyhimar^w^yana ( „ ). Re. 1 Ans. 4,
The Saptas'att ( „ ). Ans. 5.
The AnuhhUtiprakcLs'a of Vidy^ranyasvamin. Rs. 2 Ans. 4.
The Ramachandrikh ( Declensions of nouns). Ans 4-
The S^ivat^ndava-Stotra, Ana. 1.
The Ratnazobmuchchaya (about 900 sayings of different
authors). Ans. 2.
18. The Pra^nottara-Fayonidhu Ans. 4.
The AshtcidhyaytSiUraphtha of PSnini. Ans. 5.
The Udasinastidhvr-Stotra. Ans. 5.
jEsop's Fables (Translated). Part 1 & 2. Each part. Ans. 6.
The AhJiinavcthMarabari by Dhundir^ja (An abstract of
Eana's Kadambari). Ans. 8.
23. The Manusmriti with tho commentary of Kulluka-
bhatta. Rs. 2. Ans. 8.
24. The DharmasindJm (with Mar^tht translation). Rs. 6.
25. The S'udrdkamalakara ( „ ). Rs. 4.
26. The Matriculation Examination Papers in Sanskrit with
answers (1862-1883). Re. 1 Ans. 2.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
19.
20.
21.
22.
THE SANSKRIT READER.
OBJECT.
The Study of Sanskrit has been greatly facilitated by
the introduction of the two books of Prof. E. G. BhSndslr-
kai'. But the main object in preparing those excellent books
was, we think, to simplify the intricacies of grammar and
present the subject in an easily intelligible form. They,
therefore, contain rather too much of Grammar and too little
of Beading. Sanskrit forms an important part of the studies
taught at the High Schools and Colleges and the majority of
students who present themselves at the University Exami-
nations select Sanskrit as their Second Language. But tkougli
Sanskrit has been so largely studied, it is not uncommon to
find that students who are very clever at making by heart a
string of grammatical forms, however recondite and difficult,
are hardly able to construe a simple sentence and speak in a
way in which ordinary people spoke Sanskrit when it was a
living language. In fact they have no command over the
language. The reason is not far to seek. The standard
works — the K^vyas and the Ndtakas — are high for begin-
ners and cannot be much utilized without the help of a
teacher — a procedure not within the reach of many students.
This attempt has, therefore, been made to meet the desiderata
of a good Beading Book which the students can read and un-
derstand by themselves.
RATES OF SUBSCRIPTION.
»c> Es. Ans.
Per Annum (in advance) — 12.
„ „ (in arrears), ..• ..•
Single Copy.
•••
• • •
•••
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Intending subscribers should send their names and sub-
scriptions to the Proprietor of the Nirnaya-s^gara Press,
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mmH
i*aimm
mm^
TiixEd
SANSKRIT READER,
^FfcTTT^m^:!
Vol. I.
August 1884.
No. 8.
CONTENTS.
Parti. EXERCISES. Page.
Section 1. Exercise 8 15
)) **• }) O* ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• \.v
J»
2.
3.
»
8.
15
••• N ••• ••• ••• •••
Part II. CHOICE EXPRESSIONS, IDIOMS &c.... 15
Part III. TALES FROM SANSKRIT AUTHORS.
3. S'riharsha's Nligananda. .., 29
Part IV. ELEGANT EXTRACTS.
8. Love-smitten Damayantl ... 29
T«
n
BOMBAY :
tiUNT^ED AND Published by the Proprietor
OF THE "NlRNAYA-SAGARA** PrESS.
♦f^z
MmM
THE SANSKRIT READER.
ABBANOEMENT.
This Magazine will contain, for the present, 16 pages.^ It will
V>e divided into four parts. Part I will contain Sections 1—3
adapted for Anglo- Vernacular Standards IV-VI respectively. This
part will contain easy exercises for translation. Care will be
taken to see that these exercises contain words and expressionis
with which the student is familiar in Prof. BhSndlirkar's Books,
but when any new words or foi-ms occur explanatory foot-notes will
b^ given. Pai*t II is meant for Students of Standard VI. arid VII.
It will include a collection of choice words, expressions, and idioms
from various Sanskrit writers, with their English equivalents.
Part III is intended for the Candidate Classes in our High
Schools. Here it is proposed to give abstracts of the Standard
Sanskrit Kavyas, NStakas, Kathlls &c. on the plan of the well-
known "Lamb's Tales from Shakespeare". Part IV is expected
to serve as reading for more advanced Students. It will contain
elegant extracts from original Sanskrit works with full explana-
tory Notes in English. Thus, it is hoped, that this serial will be
useful to those for whom it is intended and will be read as a
companion to Prof. Bhdnd^rkar's Books. The parts and sections
are so graduated as to meet, it is hoped, the requirements of all
classes of Students — from beginners to under-graduates. It is
also hoped that it will afford interesting reading to those who de
not read with an eye for examination.
Each number will be issued on the first of every month. Each
part and section will have separate paging so that they could be
bound separately.
SANSKRIT BOOKS FOR SALE AT THE NIRNAYASAGARA PRESS.
1. The Tarkasangraka of Annambhatta with his own gloss
(the Dipik^) and an English Translation. Ans. 6.
2. The MegJiaduta of K^lidasa with the commentary (the
Sanjlvini) of Mallinjitha and various readings. Ans. 8.
3. The Kumdrasamhiuiva of KalidSsa with the commentary
(the Sanjivini, 1-8 Sargas) of MallinStha and various readings.
Re. 1 Ans. 8.
PART I. SECTION 1. 15
Exercise 8.
^«T^q J^: fi»qpr5^f^ I ^^i ^^d ^^: I ^TTTf
1. ^^with pf, 'to forget'. Pass. pres. Roots ending in sj^ preceded
by a conjunct consonant take guna before ^. 2, Bit, bridle, reins.
3. Neighing. 4. Used in the sense of 'great, rich'. 5. Have to do
with a straw, require even a straw «fec. 6. Love, attachment. 7.
Strong. 8. Hatred, Abhorrence, aversion. 9. Visible, manifest.
10. A crowd. 11. A servant. 12. 1st Conj. To go. 13. Wicked
'deeds. 14. A toy, plaything. 15, Understanding. 16. That
which should be taken, listened to, attended. 17. Should be
followed. 18. Should be imitated.
8
16 THE SANSKRIT EEADEE.
Synonyms of ir^.
^'^'^lH-3?qffTn^r:-, ^cI'T, ?ftcT^, ^^, ^f?T5T-f?rcTT;.
1. ST+^P^^* So^i'' 2. Fragrant. 3. Branches. 4. Pass. (^, 'to
cut, lop'. 5. Thick. 6. Tail. 7. Short. 8. Limbs, 9. Like, similar. 10..
Thick, dense. 11. Cavern. 12. Pleasant, Charming. 13. Tribute, tax.
14. Feudatory princes. 15, Gourd to contain water, 16. Filled. 1 7.
Indispensable. 18. Nature. 19. Really, accurately. 20. Cure, reme-
dy, 21, Pass, qj with |^. *To make, undertake'* 22. At first. Ind*
PART I. SECTION 2. 15
Exercise 8.
1. A water wheel placed over a well &c. turned by man or
bullock &c. to draw water ( <|^ f 2. )» 2. Younger, youngest. 3,
Elder, eldest. 4. Used in a double sense: — (1) Water; (2) Life. 5.
Ck>untry; also a subject studied. 6. Treasure; also a Dictionary,
Tocabulary. 7. Storm. 8. Rains, rainy season. 9. High waves,
billows, seas. 10. Ant. 11. The root is conjugated in the Para-
smaipada for the exigency of metre. One thing should be re-
ceived, studied from the lion, one from the crane, four from a
cock^ five from a crow, six from », dog, and three from a donkey.
16 THE SANSKRIT READER.
»
^uwi^if^*^^ T^ Rr^ m^m^ ii
Alliterations, puns &c.
1. The crude is takea as ;^p{ instead of fgw. 2. The -vexao
lays down the practice of quacks and even medical men. q^
^^q is indefinite, 'any (you like)'. Take the root of some tree, mix
it 'with any thing, give it to some one (not necessarily the stck
person or patient), some thing 'will then take place ! It is aa
geiationbut true of many of that profession.
I
PART I. SECTION 3. 15
Exercise 8.
fN^ I ^^^\^ f^^^i 5"^^5i ^^«f^ i f ?t =^ TTti^r^
f5|[%, qjqq I f%»T?i 3T^f?n 5m^f 5iT5riiM5^f^*i-5r5t-
■ I ■ III- • I 1.1 ■ II ■ !■ II ■ ■^^^l^.i— l^ll II ■ I I
1. Internal, intrinsic strength, value, density, merit. 2.
Heaviness, massiveness. 3. Bigness, volume. 4. Balls, bits,
pieces, 5, Examples. 6. In the rains. This word is used
y sdways in the plural. 7. Fog, mist &c. 8. Thicket. 9. This
,^ word is used in the plural and in the masculine. 10. Engaged,
busj. 11. Pestle. 12. Pleasurable. 13. The * Hum ' sound
heard from persons while engaged in pounding something. They
%' make the pestle fall from a great height and utter the sound
le' *Hum,' as they cause it to descend. 14. Wished for. 15. To be
^^ eclipsed. 16. I have laboured, I ha^e taken pains to acquaint
myself with.
16 THE SANSKRIT READER.
53nr, if^ ^'^f^ ^ ^ttf^, %Hrf^ »T^'r ^rtt-
Alliterations, puns &c«
" — - - _
1. Touch, take by the hand. 2. A thing not liked, condemned,
a tiling pronounced to be a crime. 3. In the manner of locusts.
Just as locusts fly to the fire and consume themselves- 4 Got
out, abroad, made public, taken wind. 5, Something wagered,
laid at stake. 6. Make peace, alliance. 7. Attack. 8. Before^
in the presence of. 9. Privately, in secret. 10. This may be
taken ;as one word or two words. In the first case the verse
should be taken as addressed to a third person. In the second
to King Bhoja himself. Fame is always represented as white and
often compared to white things, such as, milk <&c. Some poet
wishing to please Bhoja pays him a compliment by saying that he
is afraid lest the hair of his beloved (wife) might turn grey, as
he sees that the three worlds are covered with a white colour. He
does not like that she should become old as people would tsike
her to be judging from her grey hair.
CHOICE EXPRESSIONS, IDIOMS &a 15
t^Wf^: — One holding his tongue, silent.
q^fq-Xcf: — Preference.
^T^cHr^- — Stiffness of the thigh.
q^ — Muzzle of an animal, boar &c.
q^t^^ — Alone, unattended, single,
fif^^ — Lower animal.
^qtg— Secretly.
^5^, ^ ^^ — An armour.
^•^ Ace. ^arr^ — To be in danger (of life).
5^ with jf — To represent on the stage.
^^ with JTfj^ — To be apparent, manifest.
„ ^nfcr^C — To become visible, appear*
^f^: — Operations on the field, husbandry.
^^if — A clump of grass, a sheaf of corn &c.
^ with g^T — To be in need of.
^ ^- ?cF^^%r ^S^i^^'n^- — Mudrdrdkshasa. L
^H^with grftr — To be engaged.
„ — To attack, invade.
— To sue, as in a court of justice.
— To lay a complaint against.
:'<^:, W^^W/'> >TO^-— A. bear (^f^^).
W^^'> ^f', ^%5I— A unicorn (Jf^f).
g^TT^v ^h^'— A bujBfalo (^j, '^[ ).
-^f^; ^^:-- A porcupine (^).
^SX^^, ^^Tl, 's^^^,— A quill of Do. (^[gSfqf^, ^[^)-
^rcTqiftv ^?TCJT:— A bat (^^.
^^T> ?T^«rT^v ^:^r: — A spider ($to8r)«
16 THE SANSKRIT READER
^IT^^wSt^/ ^JRTRnft — ^ centiped (qj7[, iffq^).
^^*r^— Amoth (q^.
^^^> ^> f^^— An owl (p^),
^f^^> 'F^yfStf — A sparrow ((%iH^ ).
f^:— A kite (^.
^''ST^^ 4t ' <if<h — Eyes in the peacock's feathers.
gg v yi q :, sft^: — A bird's nest.
«^^: — Tamed birds and beasts.
T^TT— A cage.
^ Avith ^fn — To equip oneself with arms, weapons of war &c.
^f^ with ;5rT — To serenade, please and amuse with music &c.
3<^d4^*fl — Pregnant, one conceived.
syq^ — A place where water is distributed (qpr^l).
yi fi^^ft^ ' — Flying, running away, put to flight.
5» with STTf^nfr — To walk round, circumambulate.
9> »
9>
^(u^ i^l To consume by fire.
9> ii
^^fifm^ — To make over to suppliants, beggars &c.
ff^ — Calamities, divine visitations.
g^ — A brush or a fibrous stick used by weavers to clean
and separate the threads of the woof (qfvjpjr)*
§ ^^M^HgH4: — One not having quite attained youth.
RJTTPl L ^tm. To be uneasy, ill at heart.
«T^«rTT- — Horse-soldier, rider.
TH^^ — A mock fight, camp of exercise.
^gffiy: — Revolution, ringing, circular movement of a horse go-
ing round and round by way of exercise.
(llT^i^f^ll^f^ — Amorous sports.
^^: — Market, row of shops.
3. S'RIHARSHA'S NAgANANDA. 2»
1. Red garments. 2. Nom. Du, of ^l^^y 'garments'. 3. Ser-
pent. Lit I one who has a hood. ^. To come to senses. 5»
Clothes.
30 THE SANSKRIT READER.
1. Was astonished. 2. The first, head, foremost of adventurers.
3. Effort, exertion. 4. Unpretending, 5. Importunity. 6, To
pay respects, compliments.
3. S'EIHAIISHA'S NIgINANDA. 31
^^H^\^ ^ra?»T?>^i^3 ^f^ntsRi 5«»i^i^# ^^m^'
'^'^'^ I fr ^^sf^ ^^w^' i ^t: ^^^crt, f^ ?qqr
-■II - — 1 1 III ^^^ . - — ' — ■ — — -t ^^^^_— ■
1. The Sun. Lit : One who has thousand rays. 2. A boat.
33 THE SANSKRIT READER
PTT 'd^R^RIT^rf^: Ttg[%^'rtit^mT l^fWS'HIR'I^I^
^^f^ f^TW fT% f^«nt HIHi: ^if^ ^'ft Htt
8, LOVE-SMITTEN DAMAYANTI. 29
N 'n^Tf%^^?»ft«i%f^ T f^^^^ w^3i% II
^'mi5TiTTi5icr f f^5 51^5^ fij^'^i'^ ^^Wi "
1. £xcess. 2 This was another brother of Damajanti. His
sister therefore is Damayanti. 3. Tying, bandaging. 4. End^
extremity of husk. 5. Of delicate frame, body (Damayanti). 6*
Used in the double sense of mountain and king (Nala), 7, Being;
Pres. part, of ^m. 8. 5fJ^r + 3i"5=cr' + ^^^^*' Crone, turned inward.
9. Taking in, seeing. 10. Of her, from j[^j^. 11. Standing before
(her). 12. Sister of Dama (Damayanti). 13. Tears. 14. Stream.
15. "Washed, drowned, watered. 16. Reflecting, reflected. IT.
Taken, accepted. 18. Bending down. 19. Standing in and occupy-
ing the heart, one that has taken possession of the heart. 20.
Coming. Being love sick Damayanti hung down her head. There
•were tears on her bosom and in the water was reflected her face.
The poet describes the mouth therefore to have itself gone there
to be thereby able to kiss Nala who was present in the heart.
21. Friend. The wind and fire are represented and frequently
spoken of as intimate and close friends. 22. To kindle, cause to
blaze. 23. Love compared to fire. 24. "Wind. 25. Damayanti,
having eyes like those of a deer.
30 THE SANSEBIT BEADEB.
1. Was known. Pass. Aor. 2. Breathing. 3. Issuing out.
4. Secret. 5. Fraud, cunning. 6. Paleness, lightness of com*
plexion, 'whiteness. 7. Kedness. 8^9. Black colour in the shape
of fainting. 10. Blackness, darkness. 11. Yellowness. 12. Paints,
dyes. 13. Her sight, eyes compared to a painter (fefqc^( ^ ) » 14*
Made. 15. Filled with pictures of Nala. 16. Adj. qualifying
(^f). 17. Breath wind. 18. Aor. Atm. of m with f^. Made, brought
on. 19. Pertaining to her, worn by her. The cloth is said to
be a retainer, a protegee of Damayanti. 20. When the person
or thing on whom or which another depends is in distress or suf-
fers any injury, the protegee of that man is sure to sympathise
with the person whose protegee he is. The cloth being a protegee,
as it were, of Damayanti, shook and was troubled when it saw
and found that she was pained. 21. A beauty's hands, feet, face^
and eyes are always compared to lotuses. 22. Lotuses (opening
by the rays of, and under the influence of the Sun). 23. Of
Damayanti. 24. Sunshine, light. 25. Drunk before. The ter-
mination ^ is added in this sense. ^^^ seen before and so on.
26. Eose, it was. 27. Wonder. 28. Friends. 29. Used in the
double sense of *the king's daughter' and 'mountainous regions'*
30. After due consideration, also proceeding logically.
8. LOVE-SMITTEN DAMAYANTI. 31
1. To be absent, 2. jf^:; also ^f;^: (fire). 3. Of Damayanti,
ihe daughter of Vidarbha king. 4. For the sake of. 5. Of ?^—
heart, 3T-going, standing, being. 6. Strong, severe, sharp. 7.
Blow, wound. 8. A Bahu. Comp. Who suffered the evil conse-
quences of following the wrong policy of wounding the enemy
not taking care to guard himself fi'om danger. Love is represent-
ed as having hit his arrow at Nala occupying the heart of Dama-
yanti. But he wounded himself being near. 9. Fainted. 10.
Sharply, strongly. 11, ft^' + ^PTlf^* 1^. Non-breaking, yield-
ing. 13. Manifested, made evident, shown. 14. Caused, made
to blaze. 15. Placed on the heart by way of relief. 16. The
bow of (her) lord. Cupid's bow is spoken of as made of flowers.
17. Embracing. 18. Funeral pile. Even Rati the wife of Cupid
■was not capable of doing a thing which Damayanti did in this
state, therefore what woman could be like her. 19. The state of
being (like) fire; also ^ 7[^'^\^Z^^^\^^'^^; 20. Being in her. 21.
To throw. 22. Wished. Damayanti not knowing her love was
fire wished to throw her life into it as grass. But she was it ap-
peal's not conscious that fire blazes more and more if grass and
Btraw are thrown into it. The same happened with her. The fire
expecting combustible matter blazed more and more brightly.
I
THE SANSKRIT READER.
OBJECT.
The Study of Sanskrit has been greatly facilitated by
the introduction of the two books of Prof. E. G. BhSndSr-
kar. But the main object in preparing those excellent books
was, we think, to simplify the intricacies of grammar and
present the subject in an easily intelligible fonn- They,
therefore, contain rather too much of Grammar and too little
of Beading. Sanskrit forms an important part of the studies
taught at the High Schools and Colleges and *the majority of
students who present themselves at the University Exami-
nations select Sanskrit as their Second Language. But though
Sanskrit has been so largely studied, it is not uncommon to
find that students who are very clever at making by heart a
string of grammatical forms, however recondite and difficult,
are hardly able to construe a simple sentence and speak in a
way in which ordinary people spoke Sanskrit when it was a
living language. In fact they have no command over the
language. The reason is not far to seek. The standard
works — the Kavyas and the NStakas — are high for begin-
ners and cannot be much utilized without the help of a
teacher — ^a procedure not within 4jhe reach of many students.
This attempt has, therefore, been made to meet the desiderata
of a good Reading Book which the students can read and un-
derstand by themselves.
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Bombay.
0.
THE
H
,1
SANSKRIT E^EADER.
^fcntT3RT^:|
Vol. I.
September 1884.
No. 9.
CONTENTS.
Part I. EXERCISES.
Section 1. Exercise 9.
••• •••
)>
)>
99
*'• ••• •••
2.
%J» jj *'• ••• ••• ••• •^•%«w^"f^
Part XL CHOICE EXPRESSIONS, IDIOMS &^
Part III. TALES FROM SANSKRIT AUTHORS.
3. S'riharsha's N^gananda 33
4. S'Mraka's Mrichchakatika 35
Part IV. ELEGANT EXTRACTS.
8. Love-smitten Damayanti. ,.. *.. •.• ... 33
M
BOMBAY :
Printed and Published by the Proprietor
OP THE "Nirnaya-sagara" Press.
5^ftr^^r^q gr^ stw %^ siff .
^^^i^ 3Tf|. TO w 3Trf^ €t%^^r 3?{oqr ^=^ ^^
f^c ia^^^H rT ( (^ 30 ^ ^11 ^^. ^.it. \ I ^^r,
H^!a^^M*»*<H«n (^. 3^) r% ^n an^. ^.ft. n a?RT.
1
PART L SECJTION 1.
tr
Exercise 0.
^\ 3t^ T^r ^?>2i ^jmU ^^^^mf^ I
5^5% fTR ^5vq^ I 5^^ ^^J ^^r; w^ i ^%f
1. Dogs, nw 2. Bark. S. Reservoirs of water. 4. Carts.
&* Vehicles. 6. IRT :+?[?[•• Here and there;. 7. Interesting. 8.
Respeet. 9. Yellowness. 10. Heaviness. 11. Pierced, bored.
12. A thread. 13. Entrance. 14. Attached. 15. Indescribable,
peculiar. 16. Unimaginable. 17. Greatness, efficacy, power.
18. An ant. 19. Is not fdund. Fa^s, 20. Past pass. part, of re*
^Desired, wished for.' 21. Ball*. ^
la THE SANSKRIT READEE.
smn^ ^^tt f^?i% I Jirni^^KfT: i%%«fq^ i mm^
Synonyms of ^^,
'^^, ^^imrft^, ^, ?T^^, j^rw, 'ir^^, JTils^^-BT^^r-
■ • — ■■ " ■■ ■ .1.11. .,, , . ■»..,■ ^
1. A cooly, labourer. 2. Bagging pots. 3. Divinity, godhood,
godliness. 4. Fixed, restricted, confined. 5. Wholesomeness, 6.
Fass. f^, *to remain*. 7. Unimpeded, 8. Intellect. 9. Carni-
vorous animals.
PART I. SECTION 4k If
Exercise 9.
• ill — - ' >*■ -»
1. Lit: Purified, made clear, sanctioned by the eye. One »kould
clearly see and tlien place his foot. 2. Filtered^ strained. 3%
Sanctioned by the Sciences^ 4. Sanctioned by conscience. This last
line is the only one remembeted noT^^-a-days* It is very wrongly
interpreted. Its present and current intei^retation is Sone should
act as one likes,' but when the sam^ line is read in. Connection
with the others the meaning is clear enough. One should first of
all ask the mind> conscience, if a particular thing might be done
and if conscience permits and sanctions the act then only it should
be done and not otherwise^ 5» After a long time. 6. It is almost
dawn. 7* Soon* 8. Bed. 9. Fragrance. 10. A measure of about
<rwo Kosas. 11. Bays* (ipit^^nrf^' ^^^ Snn).
18" THE BASBKSJT EEADEK:
^ ^y ^^Wi^^ I »tfiS«^ ^^%T Jf^^Jft
V\m^i. ^Sl^ i^f^l ^IKg^^i^ I fRT^'??'^?! ^m
A. Grammatical Rulb.\
.11 Of the i^anie &gp, 2: Shatiisee^ FUL of ^. 3. ^^^ Boiled rtce^.
4v Cry. 5i €hracefall7«.6. Iiii(^sun8„cdf>1^vikte8. 7. Di^ftd, gipne t<^4ilie^
state of five> 'Wheti^a' person^ dies it i&. supposed that hiir b^y-
formed fi^om th« ^re elements ((T^T^n^ ) ^ decompoted. a&d the>
portions of the body which are bori'Owed of i^ fix«& elemei^ts. go^
to the re;^ecti$9e erie^metits. 8. Marriedt &.. 'She verse sdt&forth>
the shade of diS^ence among the demonstrative -pronouns* ||^^^
tAST L 8ECTI0JT d, U
)
^^ ?fr^: %i%i5^ ^i^i^ v^ ^^^ ^ifnw^-
1. Fate. 2. Blackened. ^ ^SmAq^ ^. Iix&ttmmfbble material,
The word ;iff^ is added m 4^e sonse mi '^colleoift€ai,>e very things
air &c, as €[^3f[^, jr^^rSfra" ^^ ^- Nothing will be waadiBg en
our part, no paine will be spaiied ifec. 6. Inoohereat, abBtiird,.flenBe-
less. 7. Duty, t&at to wMc^ ^p^u were appointed (?pflfprt!). 8.
Asif after holding conmiltatioA with my heart 9, To send
wordf message. 10. Hevengs^ 11. To whom the charge is brouglit
iiome, L2 To wij[>e, wash, to absolve mysell &:on.
i8 THE SANSKRIT BEADEB.
<^Fm
Alliterations, puns &e.
1. This and tie following i^w) v^^fsas (R&mayana II, 20-36
Haghuvamfi'a VII. 14. and Raghuvams'^, XIV. 65.) are examples
of the use of the potential in pluperfect conditionals. The
.potential like ^he ^n^ditioiv^l ver^ freqi^eatlj expresses bolh
futui*e and past tenses. This is said hj Kausalya to B^ma when
he went to her to take his leave of her, when ordered by Das'a-
Yatha to go into exile. ^. Had you not been bom. 3. Than this.
4, Greater, more. 5. Childless, ^. Proper. 7; Indumlitik 8.
How could she have obtained. 9. Or. ICL Fruitless, useless
because of the eternal separation from you. U*. I should hn^e
made. 12. Wretched^ life, 13. Had there uot been. 14. Semen,
15. Obstacle, 16« A £oT«f. 17^ Thia is uaed iis^ a dovible. senise:-^^
(1) Moving the hearty (2) wounding th^. heart. One shakes, his
bead when there is some'ezcniciiitting pain or when he see^ some^
thing that pleoiSies him «n4 £UJi9. him ^iytb rapjbu^co.
CH0B5E EXPRESSIONS, IDIOMS &c. IT
^X^> m^Xy ^ft9-^ A. rampart.
^» TT^OT — -^ ditch protecting the rampart.
(^ with f^ — To prevent, prohibit, forbid, dissuade, keep off.
M^Xr^' — Juice, honey in flowers.
^ fisi^ f H — Sand-bank, shore, coast.
^r^^f^: — Head, foremost, chief.
ftrj^— Camp.
J?*rt^^ — Master, he who controls affairs.
TT^^TH; — Kings. (Assembly, collection ). As
Venisanilvdra /•
psf with ^ — To refer to. As
^<i ^ ^H. — Mortification, dejection.
«ri^%T — Scorn, contempt.
q^ f^ — At every step, very often, again and again, often and
often.
9f^[7r^: — Reconciliation, request, solicitation.
^rrt'TTrWC* ^n^— To one self.
iwr^rn— Aloud.
^ a-^MK^H — ^ square formed by four houses. (^^«ft fp^jf)
^ f ^WH T — -^ arsenal, an armoury.
9^Xi^ — ^ ^^S ^^ wood from which fire is produced by rub*
bing.
m^ff^F— Brain (Jf^).
^^^\^: — Trunk, the body without the head severed in battle,
^ifq: — Daily practice, usual custom. As '
Venisamhdra IL
19 1H£ SANSKETF BEADm
«ff^inC— The oar.
HHm^ l H — A ship, vessel,
qfofqi^:-^ A helmsman.
gfl^— Perhaps.
ci|p^— <- Business. As
*' W^ ^HM^m^m " Venisamhdra IL
^^HTR* — Courage, intrepidity.
ipigf with ^n — ^0^^ ^^j* ^^ leave.
^jLi^ji y — Ointment (to be) rubbed against the body. (^s^f).
^3^TO — Immediately after.
ft^^fl— Rolling (in bed).
^^ with ^ and jy— To deceive, impose upon.
if^jlj^— Lonely, solitary.
q^rqTTf: — Preference, liking,' fondness.
^I^^j^^ — Treacherous, inconstant woman.
^I<jn*<*i — Scandal, wicked deed.
^^ — Accused, charged,
ffq^^Jf — Worship.
^%^^7 — A round mark on the forehead. ( ft^ ).
^Tshj— Sand.,
^f%^Qr — Full of sand.
^j^i^: — Consternation.
tl^'m — A stable.
c^l^^l^ i hR — A whirlwind (^T^^as).
^irTT^I^- — Following one's own pleasure, unchecked, unrea-
. trained.
^^f|r;^— ^ Helped, assisted. As
VenisamTidra IL
3. SmiHABSHA'S FIgINANBA. 3»
1^ \ ** kf^^h^ Wr m^i ^il^ !?i3fr5Tf^^iw4
^^J^ ^^?Wrf^ JT %^^«Tf^'r?f ^[f5?T %'Tl'^ ^s(^
«msqj^ I JTPt ^PT: 1 Tf^c^f^^^ I iff ST^^ I =3T^f
5^1^ I 5%f»? ^^t lil^^lft; ^^ 5ir»I fr^TT^iI^-
1. True. 2, Speeeb. 3. The place where fir© i» always kept
fcindledL 4> Oq« who is being eaten. 5. But 6. Stopped^ 7. An
eagle. 8. The mark representing the figure 10 on the hood of a
serpent. 9. He |;annent, coat.
34 THE SANSKRIT READER.
^f?i^[f^: i^frqr 'STi^^-qf t?^mq i%^ f^?rm^^
5*n'[5?r: 1 "^q^qg^ff ^rq? f^?Tf^q^q^"3Tqqscq: srqmt
V' ff^ ?T[?r Jfq^rq ^^ (^f^^l^ 'q i i%ft ^^^^
' — ■ - ' ..■■■■ ..
1. Buddha, follower of Buddha. 2, Obtaining. 3. Embrace. 4. Sin.
3. S'EIHARSHA'S NAgANANDA. 35
^ ^t^ ti^'^ HRiicr^ "9^1^ Hf %'^i^i: ^l^^]^i**
1 t
4.. S'udraka'g Mrichchaliatika.
' ■ : .
1. The eight guardians of the world. 2. Heaiing the name of
ikecteir. .3. Indra. 4. Serpenta 5. In battle. 6^ Wood. 7.. Uirged^
ftakedj re(juestqd. §. ?raisQwort|hy. . . ;
^6 THE aXlSfSKKTI HEADER.
^rjjBjiT^qi<ft ^^wt; flT^»!m#^ ^i^i^n^Fift ^"t^i^-
«
1. A tooehstone. 2. Shore, boundary. 3. Courtesan. 4. A;t-
tendants. £L Brother-in-law. £. O ,gid« 7. Fooi:.
8"; EO'VESMITtEN J^AIM^AKTI SS
^Tfm^^!teri ?iqr ^^ 5? : ^h ^\^?^ i'
^ ■ . ■ ■- - .
K On> the surface o£ the cheek pale by love-sickness; 2'. T&e^
moon. 3. Of Bisimayanti; cfoaaglier of Bhtma. 4. Not perceptible,
visible. 5. FiieiMl, like. 6. The d«eE constituting the spot.. 7..
Xcansfer. 8. Dust, powder. 9. She who gave a graceful white-
ness to her body. 10. Serpent (holder of poison). 11. Lotus
stem. 12. G6d*ef Ibve';. US*, A scare-orowi Bbniethihg ta»
frighten one. The god S'lva had burned KSma. In order there-
f5re that K&ma might not venture to appcoaeh hec she dis-
guised herself as S'iva>. rubbed sandle powdes and! paste to her
body that it might wear tfie appeasanse of being irabbed with,
ashes aiid wore oiiaaments, bracelets &c,. of Ibtusjstems that they^
niight be taken as so many serpents which ar^ said to be womt
by S'faak U. Placed, rubbedi 15., Qual. ^j^. 16.. Bubble..
17. !Miadana.-. This is an Aluksamasa. The case ending (Loc.).
!» not lost.. K!)aeh tihat lies in the heart' IS.Neac. 19.. Planets,,
stars. 20. Hetmue, attenidants. The sandle dntments and paste-
applied to the heiu:t which was hot began to boil. Theise were*
thesef ore bubbles caused thereby. • MadMia theziefi>re thought that
the moon represented a& his friend, came there with his attend-^-
ants the stars. 21.. Wet,, sot dry and. il^cefor^ coH. 22^ A
lotua..
3i THE BAKSKRIT B£ADm.
1. Half way. 2. In the middle. 3. Breath. 4 A rustling
sound. 5. Thrown (away). In such a state cold applications
were thought desirable. Damayanti therefore taking up a lotus
wished to place it on the bosom. When she white trying to bring
it near brought it near, it became dried up by means of the
hot breath proceeding from the mouth and the nostrils, and so
threw it away as being no longer useful. 6. To be impatienb
be gloomy. 7. Heat, trouble. From ^. (The termination is Bfv).
8, Closing. 9« Lodging in the heart. QualL. ^^. 10. The
fire of love. There was in ancient days ordeal by fire* One that
was accused of any crime threw himself into the fire* If he came
out uninjured he was supposed to be guiltless. 11. Closing.
12. Petals compared to fists. 13. Endeavoured. 14. The volley
of arrows of the god of love compared to snakes. 15. Spreading*
1^« ^^"NiR^lT. 17. The Sun (^ severe, hot^ 9tgrays)» 18. Ocean*
19. Qual. ^'^. 20. o^^ + 9Tfq[^ (a separate word).
8. LOtRSMlTTEN DAMAYANTI. 35
"■ I I- . .1.. I. — ■ ■
1. Conquerors. %. Standing near. The arms axe often compared
to lotus-stalks. When the lotus-stalks were placed near their
conquerors on both sides (the arms of Damayanti) they were put
to shame and therefore soon drooped and faded away. 3. Seized
with tremor at hearing the cry of the cuckoo. 4. Moss. The
moss ^ that was placed oJi the bosom as a cold application began to
tremble when the heart on which it was placed itself trembled.
The next line is an ^c^^ y . It trembled as if struck and pushed
by the badge of the god of love (a fish) as represented on the
banner as both came in contact, together near each other. 5.
Bemaining in the heart. 6. Love god. 7. Badge, banner. 8*
Struck. 9. Its (moss's) body. 10. Kubbing. 11. Her face. 12.
Mind of Nala, subject of 9f^f^. This is a question of appeal.
Did not the mind of Nala know 113. Used in a double sense: —
(1) Pleasing as the moon; (2) the stone (real or imaginary) said to
melt when touched by the moon's rays. 14. Aor. of ^. 15. Other-
wise. 16. Rise. 17. Aor, of j^ * to ooze, melt,' 18. Consisting of
tears. 19. Water. 20. The triumphant weapon. 21. Damayanti.
Damayanti was as successful in achieving the cQnquests of K&ma
as his arrow was. 22. Arrows. 23. The state of being ^ve ; also
death. 24. Certainly. 25. Wished. 26. To join her. Kdma
wished to take her to ^^^* It is well-known that the number of
K&ma'fi arrows is five.
»
THE SANSKRIT BEilDEB,
«i%cii'?iwii ^%«w?iP»<T ^m«r^lir1^ u
S'^KAJiSHA—JS'aishadhucharita. Canto. IT.
1.. Gonsistmg of tiki moeii. 2. A missilie which had fov ite
deity the* Ere. 3^ Bisxng. 4. Begardmgp. &^. At cnacei. 6w A*
missile the deitj of which waa Yaruna. I.. Guase. 8v ^e,^ Damak-
yanti. 9. Suitable* lOi A ooiEateir'-weftpeB^ misEBle. IL Took>
had recourse to. 12. Xhe hodiksa^ (K&ma). Id^ Afveah cloitcL
14. A missile hanging £or ks deity a^ doud, rain. 15i Damayantt^
beaatiful limbed. 1§» Sent^ urgeeL. 17. Long. Id. A missilo*
having the wind for its deity. ISt. Weapon. 20. Knowmg. "PteB^
part. Fern, of j^ with qf^. 21. Beautifid-teethed* 22. The wincb
(Southern) eoming over the Malaya mountain,. 23. Great. 24..'
The missile directed by the serpents. The serpents,, it is said^
live on wind. 25.. Aor. Atm. of ^. 26.. A©r; Atm. oi ^ with ^
*to place, deposit..' 2.7. In. her heart. 28.. An arrow. 29. Aq«
abstract noun. 30. Having, killed., aii. Built, planted. 32. Fruita,
S3. Pair. 34. Constantly aiming arrows. S5. Consume. 3<L-
Aob; pa^. of ^.. 37. Discharging. 38. The fruits of TUjbu
^T?!^^ ^25nqf^ ^^^ a?Pff ITTcJT arr^^ ?IT^ B^ M-
^r^f^m ^rwT ^nn f ^ fit ^ ^rr^Jf sthfct 'rtstwr-
?im ^f^^ »f ^ g^^ ^'T^ f^f^ a?^ ^nr^^^T
iMt, f?i^ ^NR ^^^K ^v^^ HtfJf^T^. fiT% Hmr^q^-
ft^, 3? ^m^m w'^rm^ ^g^r^r ^ qfir ^t^ ^g^ ^^t
^f sm §# qri. ^TTSTtrT^r f^^^vj^ ^m m\.
%^ 3T^ ft ^cTT 'TK 5^ 3TTt.
^JRT n armr ^ ^tt^r n btptt ^5 ^r ^^ 3ipqtcT 1
THE SANSKRIT READER
OBJECT.
The Study of Sanskrit has been greatly facilitated by
the introduction of the two books of Prof. R. G. Bh&nddr-
kar. But the main object in preparing those excellent books
was, we think, to simplify the intricacies of grammar and
present the subject in an easily intelligible form. They,
therefore, contain rather too much of Grammar and too little
of Reading. Sanskrit forms an important part of the studies
taught at the High Schools and Colleges and the majority of
students who present themselves at the University Exami*
nations select Sanskrit as their Second Language* But though
Sanskrit has been so largely studied, it is not uncommon to
find that students who are very clever at making by heart a
string of grammatical forms, however recondite and difficult,
are hardly able to construe a simple sentence and speak in a
way in which ordinary people spoke Sanskrit when it was a
living language. In fact they have no command over the
language. The reason is not far to seek. The standard
works — the Kavyas and the Natakas — are high for begin-
ners and cannot be much utilized without the help of a
teacher — a procedure not within the reach of many students.
This attempt has, therefore, been made to meet the desiderata
of a good Reading Book which the students can read and un-
derstand by themselves.
RATES OF SUBSCRIPTION.
>ot Rs. Ans.
Per Annum (in advance) 0- — 12.
>j
>>
(in arrears) 1 — 0,
Single Copy — 2.
Postage for Mofussilites — 6.
Intending subscribers should send their names and sub-
scriptions to the Proprietor of the Nir^aya-sSgara Press,
Bombay.
i
ti f ^mm mr m
Ik
vF
XHE
^.
il
SANSKRIT READER
^^HldHI^M
CONTENTS,
Part I. EXERCISES.
Page.
Section 1* Exercise 10. «..
••• ■••
I* • • •
»»
3.
>>
10. ..•
• •• •«» ••■ •••
••• ••• •••
Part IL CHOICE EXPRESSIONS, IDIOMS «&c....
Part III. TALES FEOM SANSKRIT AUTHORS.
4. S'iidi-aka's Mrichcliakatika.
••• • •■
19
19
19
19
37
BOMBAY :
Printed akd Published by the Proprietor
OF THE "NiRNAYA-SAGARA" PrESS.
THE SANSKRIT READER.
ARRANQEMENT.
This Magazine will contain, for the present, 16 pages. It will
be divided into four parts. Part I will contain Sections 1-3
adapted for Anglo- V^i'nacular Standards IV-VI respectively. This
part will contain easy exercises for translation. Care will be
taken to see that thege exercise^ contaiix words and expi-essions
with which the student is familiar in Prof. Bh^darkar's Books,
but when any new words or forms occur explanatory foot-notes will
be given. Part II is meant for Students of Standard VI. and VII.
It will include a collection of choice words, expression^ and idioms
from various Sanskrit wiiters, with their English equivalents.
Part III is intended for the Candidate Classes in our High
Schools. Here it is proposed to give abstracts of the Standard
Sanskrit Kfivyas, N^takas, Kath&s &c. on the plan of the well-
known "Lamb's Tales from Shakespeare'*- Part IV is expected
to serve as reading for more advanced Students. It will contain
elegant extracts from original Sanskrit works with full explaxia.
tory Notes in English. Thus, it is hoped, that this serial will bo
useful to those for whom it is intended and will be read €us a
companion to Prof. Bh^ddrkar*s Books. The parts and sections
are so graduated as to meet, it is hoped, the requirements of all
classes of Students — ^from beginnei-s to under-gi-aduates. It is
also hoped that it will afford interesting reading to those who do
not read with an eye for examination.
Each number will be issued on the first of every month. Each
part and section will have separate paging so that they could be
bound separately.
SANSKRIT BOOKS FOR SALE AT THE NiRNAYASACARA PRESS.
1. The Tarkasanffralia of Annambhatta with his own gloss
(the Dipika) and an English Translation. Ans. 6.
2. .The MegliadUta of Kalid^sa with the commentaiy (tie
Sanjivini) of Mallinatha and various readings, Ans. 8. '. '
3. The Kumdrasambhava of Kalidasa with the commentary
(the Sanjivini, 1-8 Sargas) of Mallin&tha and various readings.
Re, 1 Ans. 8.
EC
PART I. SECTION 1. 19
Exercise 10.
f qr 5^^^ ^r^^ '^^% I ?"ft ^^rm^^^Tf i ^m: ^m
>.
1. To take shelter, resort to. 2. Soon. Adv. 3. Why. Iiidecl.
4. A kitchen. 5. Vegetables. 6. To guard. 7. Imperat. 2 ad
Pers. Sing. 8. Nonsense. 9. Silence. 10. To observe. 11. Im-
modesty. 12. To do, commit. 13. Impera. 2nd Pers. Plural
of 5 'to do.' 14. To thrive, prosper. 15. Request, solicitation,
suit. 16. Here, this way. 17. Eiders. 18. To bring, fetch.
19. To get, bring.
10
20 THE SANSKEIT READER.
I
Synonyms of 9n^7.
1. j{T + ^T^i^ + 9?:gfcT9'- ^^ with 3f5 ^ means, *to do, act, commit/
2. Money taken as the price of a bride or girl. 3. Pot. part, of
^^ *to take, receive.' Should be taken. 4. Sale. 5. Past. part,
of ^ 'to do.' 6. Past, part of ^u *to pardon.* 7. Bark garments.
8. Wet. 9. Wearing. 10. War, hostility. 11. Imperat. 2nd
Pers. Plu. of qy *to protect' 2nd Conj. 12. To yoke. 13. Horses.
14. The word qf[, declined in two different ways, is fem, apif to
f^isgq^ are neuter, ^j^^ and f^|pRf m. or n. f^^ and c^^
m. ?i: is indeclinable.
PART I. SECTION 2. 19
Exercise 10.
^1% T%5i%54 JT^fcRqt ^]^^^ I ^vi ^T't hw^^^^ I
NO
1. Evil, wrong. 2. Suspect, apprehend. Pot. Part. 3. First
appearance of the menses, catamenia. 4. Trumpets, Fife. 5. Not
quite grown up. When he has yet to pass a portion of young
age. 6, Fire. 7. Extinguished, put out. 8. Free from danger.
20 THE SANSKRIT READEE.
T*T Rrih'^w n^ %i Hf ^i^ I
A Grammatical Note,
1. Separated, one whose connection is severed. 2. Ever since
I was a boy. 3. Ask leave. 4. Wife of a matenaal uncle. 5.
Wait. 6. Whose depth is the height of two men. 7. A ditch.
8. Having no jewel. 9. One from which the jewel has dropped.
10. This verse enumerates all the compounds j viz;, ^^: f^g: ^f-
^^^TT^-? cTcJ^^o ^^^^- ^^^ ^l^rf|'« -^ ^^ii^'^ addresses some
donor thus: — I am a pair (j?^:); i. e. of man and wife; and I have
two cows (f^g:) with me; I have not much expense (^fo^^^Tf^:);
therefore, O man, (^cj^) do that thing (^^vifnTT)' ^7 which I shall
be a possesser of much corn, (^|4tf^) i* ®« I shall become rich.
PART I. SECTION 3. 19
Exercise 10.
S^J f^fiJcT: ^«ITF^f% ^f^ #^|^T ^spl^ TS^f^ '^^-
1. Sweet, 2. Notes. 3. Passed his days in concealment. 4.
Openly. 5. A warrant of arrest. 6. Pinioned. 7. Brings on
infatuation, insanity, unsoundness of mind. 8. Intensity. 9. Dis-
solved, unfastened, 10. Knot of ignorance. 11. With due, utmost
care, 12. Insult. 13. Not regarding, regardless, desperate.
20 THE SANSKRIT READER.
Alliterations, puns, &c.
iTjivTfr ^fH ?r^ ^ci?:t cTc^fR'^r ^^^rr
1. Acting against. 2. A house. 3. Circles, volumes. 4. Eagerly
intent. 5. Affected, attached, devoted. 6. Disaffected, discontented.
7. Marks of distinction. 8. Spies. 9. Addressed to the Goddess
Lakshmi. Some one puts the question why she enriches illiterate
men, and is jealous of learned men. The three lines which purport
to be the repartee or answer of Lakshmi are clear and easily
intelligible.
CHOICE EXPRESSIONS, IDIOMS <fee. I&
,,^ — Impudently, insolently.
J-IL (10th Conj.) To make one speak.
^T^ritTOC— Gieat dangar .
^^^^ — Set. ( said of the Sun ).
— Enough.
For the sake of.
^I%— Assembly.
^,Y^a|. — (10th conj.) To encounter, meet face to face.
^1^^: — An armour.
snr^vr — Bold.
i^f^ — With grimaces.
^^— Fat. (^r)
^Ft^oTJ^-^v^^^orac — Lukewarm, tepid.
^^^:_ Some thing eaten to give zest to food ( ^a[% ^^^^,
^^^ &c.)
^qf^of^ — ^ good housewife.
^^^(•^ — Arrangement, order, injunction.
fk(^ — To care, look after.
Uitarardmacharita. L
^^^ — With care.
f|f||-^ — To report, also to offer.
^^ — To watch.
gr|^ — Entrance.
^^ — Occupied.
irte^q^^, Jff^srf— Save,. except.
qftq^m— Patronised.
^arft^T^ — Without hesitation, unhesitatingly.
Zi^ — Usual, customary, accustomed.
20 THE SANSKRIT READER
^^Pri^flT — Obedience.
^^ fT— To obey.
., ^3r??f , «rf?i^?!:, «n^?in3[— Disobey.
^xffir^— Helpless.
f ^ — As soon as (he) saw it. The same expressed by ' j^^ ^
^T!^-> T^q' fe TH l — P^<^r, an expression of pity.
^ff^^nra^T"" (Said of jars containing stored up provisions)
Mouths covered with pieces of cloth tightened and well
preserved by strings (?rT^ ^t^ ^<(^^\ )-
^^[^ with ^5 — To draw from the scabbard, unsheath ( said of
a sword).
^^^: — The handle of a sword.
^^ — In vain, for nothing.
;^jf — The submarine fire.
^^f^^ — Fear, consternation.
vs^^^> sn%T^ra:!r— ^^g^^^i^g consciousness, coming to him-
self, his senses.
^OTir- — Senseless, insensible.
^^^— At once.
^: — Cotton.
^^;r — Knower, clever, master.
^ — Thrive, prosper.
Venisamhdra, III.
^I^H*^ — Learned, wise.
VenisamJidra. III^
^y^-s- To make light, mitigate.
4. S'lJDRAKA'S MEICHCHAKATIKA. 37
it^ I ^HfiT^?^^!^ %^^iT^5n^ il^gf^T^^
1. Unworthy of a courtezan. 2. On the left hand. 3. A
square where four roads meet. 4. By the skirt of a garment. 5.
HaTing extinguished. 6. A kind of black grain (;j€t^)- 7. A
ball of lampblack.
38 THE SANSKRIT BGADEB.
1. Keproach, abuse. 2 Mortification. 3. Forgive, excuse; 4.
Arrogance. 5. Agi-eement. 6. C5ourt. 7. Justice.
4. S'UDRAKA^S MRICHCHAKATIKA. 39
1. Having pledged. 2. An attendant employed to rub and
knead the body, a shampooer (=^qfj ^'^[^). 3. A keeper of a
gaming house, i, A Boad, ^ path.
40 THE SANSKRIT READER.
^(^^xt ^^^'^\^\^^ ^^\^\^i\^^^ ^l^r^^fk-
- — - ■ ■
1. Debtor. 2. Owes. 3. Music. 4. Mistress. 5. A hole.
6. A musical instmment. 7. A (jruiu. 8. Flute.
4. S'UDRAKA*S MRIOHACHAKATIKA. 41
JTiT^-" ^r ^^m, ^Ti^ ^^ I "^^f^f T^qrr% i
^^q T^^q^r stP^ ''q 5% 5^qr^^q f^j^r^^'t 'ft^f^f^ I
^f^q ^ij Hi^M^ I ^T f^qi[^% H^> " f^fjft ^frf%
%^rqt Tel: I fTi^i^cgjfqffi qfT?r^%[ 5Tfg[r ^^^^, "fr
3Ti4 ^tq, gfrrsiiTrs I 3T?qi% q^ w^ ^f^^m ^^ i%-
«^Tnr: " fc5%^rqqF? i nti'^qfqrq qi^^xf ^^\^^l-
^ 5f I ^i^?'!!^^ »^ f^^r^ q?T: gis^: i%q^
>- ■ * ■ . I. , I . . — , ^
1. Prattled in dream, 2. A small and woru out garment. 3.
An oath. 4. Fingers.
42 THE SANSKRIT READER.
mm^^f^ n^^ "^kH^^ij^^ I ?m^ ^1^: ^f^ =^1^-
»T?i: ^l'§: I tt^l ?Rt ' '«?W: ^1 W" ff^ ^rf^s
_ , _ ^^ II - 1 — ^^^^^
1. Joke. 2. Truth. 3. Cruel.
4. S'UDRAKA'S MRICHACHAKATIKA. 4^
j^-K
A'^
1. A lotusr
a
THE Sanskrit reader.
*lfH^r r^^T<K f^^cq ''^gq^TsqJi^^R: I W^^(T^
^r sTPT^: I clef: ^^ Hfrf^ss^r »T#^r nrt^^nnf- %-
1. A place where merchaata meet.
J.
4. The Raglmvams'a of Kalidasa with the commentary (the
Sanjivini) of MaDindtha and various readings. Rs. 2.
5. The StcblMshitaratnahh^mdhgara or the Gems of Sanskiit
Poetry, being a collection (of about 12,000 s'lokas) of Witty,
Epigrammatic, Instructive and Descriptive verses picked up from
about 500 different authors, Es. 3 Ans. 8.
6. The Hitopades^a of Vishrius'arman. Ans. 9,
7. The Batndvalt of S'riharshadeva with explanatory English
Notes. Ans. 8.
8. The Das'akumhracharita of Daadin with its Purvapithikft
and TJttarapithikfi and an Uttarapithik^ by Padmanabha ;. also
with the commentaries (the Padachandrik^) of Kavindra Sarasvati
and (the Bhiishanfi) of S'ivar^a on the Das'akum&racharita and
the Padadipikll on the PdrvapithikS and various readings. Rs. 2,
9. The Abhijnhnas^hkuntala of KUlid&sa with the commentary
(the Arthadyotanifcfi) of R^ghavabhatta and explanatory Eng-
lish Kotes. Rs. 2.
10. . The Bhagavctdgxth (in very small type). Ans. 5.
11. The PancJiarat7ii GUd ( „ ). Ans. ?•
12. The AdhyHmarhnhyana ( „ ). Re. I Ans. 4.
13. The Saptoi^att ( „ ). Ans. 5.
14. The AnibbhMiprakas'a of Vidy&ranyasvSmin. Rs. 2 Ans. 4.
15. The Rhmcuihandrikt ( Declensions of nouns). Ans 4.
16. The S^ivathidctva-Stotra, Ana. 1.
17. Tlie Ratnascunudichaya (about 900 sayings of different
-authors). Ans. 2.
18. The Pras^noUarorPayonidJd, Ans. 4.
19. The AshtAdhyayt^iUrapatha of "Pamm. Ans. 5.
20. The Udasxnasadhu-Stotra. Ans. 5.
21. uEsop's Fables (Translated). Part 1 <fe 2. Each part. Ans. 6,
22. The Ahhhiavaktiidambari by Dhundiraja (An abstract of
"jBana's KMambari). Ans. 8.
23. The Manusmriti with tho commentary of Kulluka*
•bhatta. Rs. 2. Ans. 8.
24. The Dharmasindhu (with Mar&thl translation). Rs. 6.
25. The S'Mrahamalakara ( ,, ). Rs. 4.
26." ■ The 'Matriculation Examination Papers-iti Sanskrif^ith
-answers (1862-1883). Re. 1 Ans. 2.
u
THE Sanskrit reader.
i^f^^r K^^mi h^*^ ''^g^^fsqji^^r^: i ^nc^ifi
1. A place where merchants meet.
4. The Eaghuvamsa of Kalidasa with the commentary (the
Sanjivini) of MaDindtha and various readings. Bs. 2.
5. The SifhluJtshitaratnabliJbidhgtira or the Gems of Sanskrit
Poetry, being a collection (of about 12,000 s'lokas) of Witty,
Epigrammatic, Instructive and Descriptive verses picked up from
about 500 different authors. Rs. 3 Ans. 8.
6. The Hitopades'a of Vishnus'arman. Ans. 9,
7. The Matndvali of S'riharshadeva with explanatory English
Notes. Ans. 8.
8. The Da8'akum€ir<tcharita of Dandin with its Purvapithika
and Uttarapithikfi and an Uttarapithik^ by Padmanabha ;. also
with the commentaries (the Padachandrik&) of Kavindra Sarasvati
and (the BhiishanS) of S'ivar&ma on the Das'akumS^racharita and
the Padadipik^ on the PdrvapithikS and various readings. Ks. 2.
9. The Ahhijnhnas^hkuntala of K^lid&sa with the commentary
(the Arthadyotanikfi) of Rdghavabhatta and explanatory Eng-
lish Notes. Its. 2.
10. . The Bhagavadgtth (in very small type). Ans. 5.
11. The PancJiaratnt Gttd ( „ ). Ans. 7,
12. The Adliyhimaramayana ( „ ). Re, 1 Ans. i.
13. The Sapta^att ( „ ). Ans. 5.
14. The Anuhhdtiprdkhs'a of Vidy&ranyasvSmin. Rs. 2 Ans. 4.
15. The EhnKwhandrikh ( Declensions of nouns). Ans 4.
16. The S'ivathidava-Siotra, Ana. 1.
17. The RatnasainiicJichaya (about 900 sayings of different
-authors). Ans. 2.
18. The Fras'nottarorPayonidhu Ans, 4.
19. The ^s/i^*^y%^ii^ra^^a of P&nini. Ans. 5.
20. The Udasxnasadhu-Stotra, Ans. 5.
21. uEsop's Fables (Translated). Part 1 & 2. Each part. Ans. 6.
22. The AhhhiavakMamhari by JDliundiraja (An abstract of
jBana's K^dambari). Ans. 8.
23. The Manuamriti with tho commentary of Kulluka-
•bhatta. Rs. 2. Ans. 8.
24. The Dharmasindhu (with Mar&thi translation). Rs. 6.
25. The S'Mrahamalhkara ( ,, ). Rs. 4.
26.' The Ifatrkidation Examination Pap^rsrA Sanskrifx^ith
-answers (1862-1883). Re, 1 Ans. 2.
THE SANSKRIT READER.
ABBAN6EMENT.
This Magazine will contain, for the present, 16 pages. It will
be divided into four parts. Part I will contain Sections 1-3
adapted for Anglo-Vernacular Standards IV-VI respectively. This
part will contain easy exercises for translation. Care will be
taken to see that these exercises contain words and expressions
with which the student is familiar in Prof. Bh&ndarkar^s Books,
but when any new words or forms occur explanatory foot-notes will
be given. Part II is meant for Students of Standard VI. ^nd VII.
it will include a collection of choice words, expressions, and idioms
Irom various Sanskrit writers, with their English equivalents.
Part III is intended for the Candidate Classes in our High
bchools. Here it is proposed to give abstracts of the Standard
Sanskrit K^vyas, Mtakas, Kathfis &c. on the plan of the weU^
known "Lamb's Tales from Shakespeare''. Part IV is expected
to serve as reading for more advanced Students. It «vill contain
elegant extracts from original Sanskrit works with full explana.
tory Notes in English. Thus, it is hoped, that this serial will be
useful to those for whom it is intended and will be read as a
companion to Prof. Bhandarkar's Books. The parts and section^
are so graduated as to meet, it is hoped, the requirements of all
classes of Students— from beginners to under-gi-aduates. It is
also hoped that it will afford interesting reading to those who do
not read with an eye for examination.
Each number will be issued on the first of every month. Each
part and section will have separate paging so that they could bs
bound separately. * o o j
SANSKRIT BOOKS FOR SALE AT THE NIRMAYASACARA PRESS.
1. The Tarkasangraha of Annambhatta with his own gloss
(the Dipik^) and an English Translation. Ans. 6.
2. The Meghaduta of Kaiiddsa with the commentary (the
Sanjivini) of Mallin^tha and various readings. Ans. 8.
3. The Kumdrasamhhava of Kalid^sa with the commentary
(the Sanjivini, 1-8 Sargas) of Mallin^tha and various readings.
Re, 1 Ans. 8.
4. S'UDRAKA'S MRICHCHHAKATIKA. 45
W{ f^^f^f^ " I f(^ ^ <TiT f«inf^r ^w^^\ j^r^-
m^m^ f^pT^rf^ 5t^Tf^f f^ f :^«T^^ 3Tii»?^ I ?r-
5iH^!^:- ( ^^\ I ) ^^^ ^^ I ( T^r^^ I )
1. Remedy. 2. Beturu.
11
THE SANSKRIT READER.
- liMft^ I
I anflf !TSf"i^ I ^Rti% 'nn. " |i% ^fi
n^" fffl '11?^: iti'flt i^'^wgi^w? I
^ ftir: I ttB: ^^5 ^>5 wi^wiitifwiM-
ail lirl'^" ff^ SISfini^WtlR 5II%5: I
SWi na^ti^^i ?^ '^re^Tni^^ Kt^m^-
I aiHS^a fRIi: S^« ii Hi%?1 W>11-
:?miijfiiii at f?^ I wras^if KR^at
i «?fi ^iftt^i Tf^q?'! a# ?fii I SB'S-
^cTClIlii S#S?^^Tl5I&n?- '%«i fl^-
r. 2. A batdhi. 3. Court, 4. Rich, well-furnished.
4, S'UDRAKA'S MRICHCHHAKATIKA. 47
'?JT=E^ ^e^^^i'sf " ^"^^^^ 5^^'^^ R'HB'^'^r J%
"<> ' __^____^— — — — ^■^— — — — — — — — ^— '
1. Proudly, haughtily. 2. He is loved.
48 THE SANSKEIT READER.
^^q_. •« »^!iT ^5^1^^ S!^1T1?II l^'Ixnqi ^?^?m
1. To ask for.
4. ^'UDRAKA'S MRICHCHHAKATIKA. 49
i?F^?i ^w^%^J ^r^^rr^f ^ ^^^ \ ^^i^^.^ '^
^^5^ =^1? «ft=^re^f«r 5'^i'^f%frr fret i tr^ r 5-
^t(K\s(^ ^5^5^ 3ir5i??q^ ^^ ^^^ " f f^ t?^^
1. Morning duties. .2. Neighbour^^
50 THE SANSKRIT READER.
i^jif^^fsin f^ft^ «nf*fT4 sTOi^r ^^5=?!^ 'TPjM'
1. Side-do^r. 2. Wheels. 3. Bullocks.
i. S'UDRAKA'S MEICHCHHAKATIKA. 51
^•i«^5 'tr^ *»f^^cST^fq ^«F"7f^^«rr iR^f?ci'^-
1. Chains. 2. Covered. 3, Near, 4. Cliange..
52 THE SANSKRIT READER.
^RtJTw 5^*r3ST5^ 1 3i«r^r ^^^ ^w^ { ^^^^m
ff^i'^ ^tr^ "5B «n^t-" fcq^M H^«T n-
^[31^1^5? f^ii^i «niTii, f% jiw^?^ m ^H^^lff
1. Sternly, peremptorily* 2. Ordera.
4. S'UDRAKA'S MRICHCHHAKATIKA. 53
%%5 ^flf^T ^if^cfJ TT^ cITI^?!: I ?T^'3^, ^l^^WT-
1. Court of justice. 2. Chief Constable.
5i THE SANSKRIT BEADEB.
•wr^TT: ^r^^\^ H^^^ fi ^^^ ''^z^l^^^^€t•
^tT^r M*^i^«t spiff ts&r: I #if^ jwf wm
1. Barren ground. 2. Arrogantly;
4. S'UDRAKA'S MRICHCHHAEATIKA. 55
^j^n iiTn^d ?!c?nRqf i '^^ '^vn^i 'mr^" fff-
1^2: ^qf f^^q "i^iimqii^ ?ra^??r %%^ji t^^i^f-
■■ ' • - •
1, Anger. 2. Boat.
rs»>
eC THE SANSKRIT READER.
f^ "f^^iff^ ^[^" fl^ipiIJnJi: ^nnwf- '^I'^^TftT:,
jr^r *'»f^ »n% 5i^Ht ^m>^r^ i tr^'nrRcT^ft^: i^'?ri'^
— — — ^^— — ^—— — — ■ ' ■ I ..1 I .
1. Solitude. 2. Confidence.
4. S'UDRAKA'S MRICHCHHAKATIKA. 57
ikz ^\m^ mi\t ''^^A 7^[^^{^^^' fffT ^t^^^ \ ^-
^1%^ ^sfc^tft^ f^^nr I ?T?r: "^i^, ^^I'N^ tit
f5[HW4 ^c^ m*^ ^gjR^c^ Ifl??^^ I^^f^" fl% JTI^-
■^i^i»^— I m il 1 ■ ■ !■ ^^— ^— ■ — — ^ ■ ^— ■ ■ - ■ ■ .— - — — - ^^ J .
1. Brother-in-law (king's) who was Police €om mi ssioner. 2
Trial, investigation.
58 THE SANSKBTT BEADEB.
%^'Tn'^ ^m^ ^^'nm wl^f ^^^ f fr^r j'^^^ -
1. A high street, 2. Wind, breeze. 3. qtH + ^T^^* *• Wish
iiig to dry, 5. To remove.
4. S'UDRAKA'S MRICHCHHAKATIKA. 59-
^ffl^ I 3^ f^^ ^% ^^rqf^^rT I ^^7^^
^ €^> ?T^?I^ '[i^fpT 'n^^ I'^fTi'^ 5tM mr{i ^m-
NO
1. By the ends of the gannent.
eo
THE SANSEBIT BEADEK.
f^ I ^^^\ awHTrr: frf^??r ^«5ti" ffqf^wiq'il^
4. The Raghuvamsa of Kalidasa with the commentary (th«
Qanj ivini) of Mallin^tha and various, readings. Its. 2.
5. The Subhashitaratnabhandagara or the Gems of Sanskrit
Poetry, being a collection (of about 12,000 s'lokas) of Witty,
Epigrammatic, Instructive and Descriptive verses picked up from
about 500 different authors. Ks. 3 Ans. 8.
. 6. The ffitopades'a of Vishnus'arman. Ans. 9.
7. The Eatndvalt of S'riharshadeva with explanatory English
Notes. Ans. 8.
8. The Das'akumaracharita of Dandin with its Purvapithik ^
and Uttarapjthik^ and an Uttarapithik^ by Fadmanabha ; also
Tvith the commentaries (the Padachandrik^) of Kavindra Sarasva ti
aad (the Bhushaua) of S'ivavama on the Das'akum^racharita an d
the Padadipika on -the Purvapithika and various readings. Rs. 2 .
9. The Abhijnanas'akuntala of Kalidasa with the commentary
(the Arthadyotanika) of Raghavabhatta and explanatory Eng,
lifeb Notes. Rs. 2.
10. The Bhagavadgith (in very small type). Ans. 5.
11. The Fancharatnt GUd ( „ ). Ans. 7.
12. The AdhyaLmar^in^yana ( „ ). Re, 1 Ans. 4.
13. The Saptas'ati { „ ). Ans. 5.
14. The AnubhUtiprakas'a of Vidyaranyasv^min. Rs. 2 Ans. 4.
15. The Ehmachandrika ( Declensions of nouns). Ans 4.
16. The S^vat^ndava-Stotra, Ana. 1.
17. The Ratnasanvuchchaya (about 900 sayings of different
authors). Ans. 2.
18. The Pras'nottara-Fayonidhi, Ans. 4.
19. The Ashtcidhyayt'S4trapatha of Panini. Ans. 5.
20. The UdasHasMhu-Stotra. Ans. 5.
21. jEsop's Fables (Translated). Part 1 & 2. Each part. Ans. 6.
22. The Abhinavakhda7nbari by Dhundir^ja (An abstract of
Bana's Kldambari). Ans. 8.
23. The Manusmrlti w^ith the commentary of KuUuka-
bhatta. Rs. 2. Aiis. 8.
24. The Dharmasindhu (with Mar&thi translation). Rs. 6.
25. The S'udrakamaWcara ( „ ). Rs. 4.
26. The Matriculation Examination Fapers in Sanskrit with
answers (1862-1883). Re. 1 Ans. 2.
X
THE SANSKRIT READER. .
OBJECT.
The Study of Sanskrit has been greatly facilitated by
the introduction of the two books of Prof. E. G. Bh&ndar-
kar. But the main object in preparing those excellent books
was, we think, to simplify tlie intricacies of grammar and
present the subject in an easily intelligible form. They,
therefore, contain rather too much of Grammar and too little
of Beading. Sanskrit forms an important part of the studies
taught at the High Schools and Colleges and the majority of
students who present themselves at the University Exami-
nations select Sanskrit as their Second Language. But though
Sanskrit has been so largely studied, it is not uncommon to
find that students who are very clever at making by heart a
string of grammatical forms, however recondite and difficult,
are hardly able to construe a simple sentence and speak in a
way in which ordinary people spoke Sanskrit wheii it was a
living language. In fact they have no command over the
language. The reason is not far to seek. The standard
works — the K&vyas and the Natakas — are high for begin-
ners and cannot be much utilized without the help of a
teacher — a procedure not within the reach of many students.
This attempt has, therefore, been made to meet the desiderata
of a good Reading Book which the students can read and un-
derstand by themselves.
RATES OF SUBSCRIPTION.
»ct Rs. Ans.
Per Annum (in advance) — 12.
»>
»
(in arrears) 1 — 0,
Single Copy — 2.
Postage for Mofussilites — 6.
Intending subscribers should send their names and sub-
scriptions to the Proprietor of the Nirnaya-s&gara Press,
Bombay.
THE
SANSKRIT READER.
H^fcTTT^R^: i
Vol. I.
December 1884-
No. 12.
CONTENTS.
Part III. TALES FEOM SANSKRIT /.^SORa^-C'V^
4. S'Mraka's Mi;ichchhakatikai . .|^p ,-^i^ , -.l ir6l
Title-page aud contents of Vol. I \ .>^
• •• • • •
Opinions of Eminent Scholars and Newsp^eis.7^— " ;::V*r^ ^\:
' < -)
J
BOMBAY :
Pkinted and Published by the Proprietor
OP THE "NiRNAYA-SAGARA" PrESS.
«•
'B
vr
THE SANSKRIT READER.
NOTICK
With this number we have lanished the first year of
our career. We have to offer our hearty thanks not only
to our numerous subscribers but to those Isind friends
whose opinion is entitled to great respect and who have
expressed warm support to the undertaking.
We have also to thank those gentlemen who have
kindly furnished us with various suggestions the adoption
of which they think will add to the utility of the Sanskrit
reader. Which of these suggestions we are prepared
to accept will be announced in the first number of the
next year.
In the last two numbers of the current year we had
to deviate from pur usual course and appropriate a larg^er
number of pages, to ''Tales from Sanskrit authors." This
was done with the object of completing with the year, a
certain definite portion of the subject treated and we have
no doubt our readers will appreciate the advisability of
this course.
SANSKRIT BOOKS FOR SALE AT THE NIRNAYASACARA PRESS.
1. The Tarkasangraha of Annambhatta with his own gloss
(the DipikS) and an English Translation. Ans. 6,
2. The Meghaduta of K^lidasa with the commentary (the
Sanjivini) of Mallinatha and various readings. Ans. 8,
3. The Kumdrammhhava of Kalid&sa with the commentaiy
(the Sanjivinl, 1-8 Sargas) of Mallinatha ajicj various readings.
Re, 1 Ans. 8.
\
4. S'UDRAKA'S MRIOHCHHAKATIKA. 61
^m ^' ^ ^r«iiWfHl '%«! »nrr, ^r^ 'mi" fRr ^j
•^c^r "fT ^"^^ 'ic^ ^ 5^ I ^ 'mif% I %f^ % Hf^T^!!'^"
^ Ten I ?ra «ir> Tg^^f T^m sr^f^JT" fr% r%>fqr»Tf^ I
sT^Pfft JT^TR^w^NK*: WT^ ^^^: Hf^>^ I nrV
1. Being questioned by the court. 2. Having found an oppor-
tunity. 3. Writei-s, clerks of the court, 4. Believed, 5. Not
believing. 6, In my presence. 7. Related, reported.
12
62 TBB SANSKRIT READER.
tt, q^?T Hi»^ I 'i'^ IT"! H^ intern " i
• 4. S'UDBAKA^S MEICHCHHAKATIKA. 63
JHw: I " ?qrf^ =^#^^^1/^ ^^cT^jnt ^^t^'tt^' ?f^ ^
"^^^t ^5f ?R?Tr^«r?T^-" «^"i^ " ff^-l fi^ ^%
1. In return. 2. Truth* 3« Silent.
64 THE SANSKRIT BEAZ)£B>
" ^A fm\ MtJi 1^1% " ff^ yr: c^ ^t?!»f!?r{ ^i^-
" ^^im^ f% 5Ti^ if^ »??? T f^^ I
fi^TT^'^'m'^ "^1^%^ ^^^jn mft^i^ f^^^^w:
«lII^^Tf5tqFT f^^gjTiiip^ •^^TT'TTf 5:- " ^n^ '^([^^
1. Oonfusedlj.
4. S'UDIUKA.'S MRIOHOHHAKATIKA. 65
1. Greed of money. 2. Horrible punishment, 3. Garlands of
^?^f^, *a kind of red flowers.'
C6 THE SANSKRIT READER
fsiTs^^^i^j'^^^'i^'^ ^^f^ ^i^ ^i^r 'TT^^ '^'^f
m'mv^ " fr^ff^r 5T«?(%fr "^^^ |
1. Womeu. 2. Grand-son. 3. Plunder, booty.
4. S'UDRAKA'S MRICHCHHAKATIKA. 67
1. Near. 2. Loft, storey.
68 THE SANSEBIT BEADEB.
tt^ '^ f ^ fni^ ^wf^'^ I rm^2^ ^R#r h^pt tt^
1. Untrue,
4. S'TJDRAKA.'S MRIOHCHHAKATIKA. 69»
TnoirT^ ^T^^^^^iT m'Sf^^ 5Tf^?I5'T^f^ ^T"^-
«inm«r 'Sfi'^r^ «iTf-" ^ir^ '^i^^, ^ri^^t: m^-
^[%^ m^^ ^^^ ^«?^lf i7i% " ?f^ 5f*nEi»ii5ir'-
70 THE SANSKRIT BEADEB.
^^>TT^?mi%: I vf^^ >wmr: iism^ ^^ ^i^-
1, Lying with the f»ce upwards, supine.
4 . S'UDEAKA'S MRIOHOHHAKATIKA. 71
3^q Tf?^: 'n'^cT: ^^or T 5??I5qj I ^^l^f?Rg ^-
THE SANSKRIT READER.
OPINIONS.
" I find the book very useful. I am sure the book wiU have
a large sale." A. FUlww. Ph.D., Prcfetaor o/SanskrU, St. Xavier'g
College. ,Bombay.
" I am of opinion that this monthly publication will be useful
to those students of our Schools and Colleges who take up
Sanskrit as their second language." Adityardm Bluittdchdrya.
M. ^., Prof 68801^ of Samhnty Midr^s Central College^ AUaliabad.
" I have found your Sanskrit Reader very useful to the boys."
Vdnian PrahMhar BMve, Head Master, Poona Native Institute,
Poona.
" I find and admire the excellence which runs through these
pages ( both in arrangement and in selection of the passages.) It
needs no recommendation to any of the Sanskrit students who
have been in want of such a journal." S, Rdimisxodmy lyre, Civil
Court Amin, Ptcdukotd.
" I think it is a very useful little publication and ought to held
beginners to a considerable extent. I believe it is calculated to
popularize the study of Sanskrit with young students with whom
nothing succeeds so well as that which interests them." — Shankar
Pdndurang Pa/tidit ilT. A., Oriental Translator to Government,
Bombay,
2
'* The object you have in view is decidedly good and if the
work is canied on in the way in which it has been begun, I
believe that it will in the course of time become a valuable supple-
ment to Prof. R G. BhftndSrkar*s Sanskrit 'BesAevsJ'^Dwdrkdndth
R&glioM Tarkhadkar, Head Master, High School^ Hydefi^abad,
'* It will prove of use to students and ought to find sale. The
sentences given in the exercises for reading are chosen with great
judgment fix)m classical works; and the beginner who has read
sentences such as you propose to give will carry with him to the
study of classics a fair acquaintance with the most prominent
thoughts and feelings contained in the books.** — Ahhji Yishnu Kh*
thavcite B, A», Professor of SanskrU, Guzerat College, Ahmedabad.
"The new Sanskrit Reader is in my opinion a very meritorious
publication, and is calculated, I think, to materially help the large
and increasing class of students, learning the Sanskrit language.
The various parts of the Reader are put together with great judg-
ment and with due regard to the wants of the various classes of
students for whom they are intended. The adaptation of sentences
from standard works is also well done and the notes, so far as I
have seen them, are judicious, I am afraid there will be consider-
able difficulty in making the last Part complete in each number,
but if that could be done, it would make the publication, I think,
even more acceptable than it is at present. I have noticed a few
trifling slips but they do not detract from the merits of the pub-
lication as a whole and can be easily corrected." The Hon^ble K.
T, Telang G. L E., Advocate, H. M. High Gourt, Bombay.
" I have looked through several numbers of your Sanskrit
Keader and think it well suited for the ends it is intended to
serve. This does great credit to your ability and energy ; and
I hope you will meet with the success which you deserve. I shall
not fail to bring your Sanskrit Reader to the notice of my
students. — P. Peterson. M, A., D, Sc, Professor* oj Sanskrit,
Elphinatone CoUege, Bombay,
"A good help to the beginners of Sanskrit." — G. W, Kurkaray,
Registrar of Native Publications (in the Bonibay Government
Ga^tte of 14th May 1884),
" This work, as its name implies, is intended for the use of
Sanskrit scholars, and, as far as we are able to judge, it is a very
excellent medium of instruction." The Times of India ( 3-1-84),
'Bowb'ay.
<*This publication is designed as an aid to students of Sanskiit."
The Bombay Guardian (5-1-84), Bombay,
" The Sanskrit Keader is a useful magazine for beginners, send
considering its cheapness, it bids fair to attract a good number of
gubcribers. It would benefit even College students if its plan
were a little modified. Part II. contains good forms of expressions
and idioms, some of which might interest any reader." — Journal
of the National Indian Association, (April 1884.)
«TftcT ^^m irf^feRTT^ TftrTnrr^ ^R?cwrw ^ftr* j^^fir^ h^-
f^^nwrMf ^ iTT^^r httc ^t^^ ^rt^. " ^wytt^(^rr^^ *! <?<^v),g^^.
"^^ ^^pfWt ^ ijit^^n^ ant, aro^f ^ If^ ^NiT^TTR?: ar^^i^T 5STO-
Wi, ^rft^TT ^ 55Nft5ff m JRRTO arr^'T ?IRr ar^t arrift f^iw^
^;[^ ^^ ant. H^^ ^^^ ^^^ it% *<"fKiMig;Hr ^ fcfeqr ftRmrTrr*
«^ ^Hid M ^^Rr arr^^ ^^^ m^ arfjff jffj^RTT arfcfi-aTrl, ar^^rraft I"
q^ qR"^mK<5[" ff^^ arrl, ^sff ^TTSTF ^TO^5? ^oyr^ ?[f^r a?.
%^, art arr^rer ^r^ ^r. ^rr ^^m'sft f^^^^ ^r??^ ar^r arg^ ftr^pi
fftR^^R w^ arrr^M qpr ant, art an^ ^m^. "
" ^^{^ 'ETRr 5?^?r ar^ f^wcT^ w^=^ ^f^^ arrt, ^irrfS w
MW^Nr Jmn: ff^'^TO 't;r^1 gi^ trff^ ^. I tort an^r mt^
^ g^ IcT, ^> ^^^TR at?Jf f^^tH ^ arrt. I 5^^ ^^fn iTT^ ar-
"^W^ w^ ^n^irer *<uiMi ^cR fH-yi^ifm I ^irftRi 3^^ ^^
frf ^ ^ 3TR^ TO snl. flp^ f%TO %JT^ ^1 ^'5^ 5Tra €t ^^
"TO TT^ sttI, 'To ?TO" ^. ^ 5^^T^fP^ f%?Tcr ^KP?^ ^Tv? ^T^;^ ^'s^fsr
iiNqr iir ^ ;jw*i^i «TWTraT^ f^r«ff€ xi%^^q% ^i^mt «?r^-
^^d<<>IMl<t;i PTTftf^^^lH «rtt^ W^IRir ^^RW arf^RRT HTW
^:5f ^qgriT *fefl^ ^ra ^ ^ 5f^Jt. 2ir ^r%^ inc ?f^ 5^* ^^
5rr^ ^ff^, ^ ^ TOT 5rr^ ^r?^ ^^m^uf^ ^^R^rNt ^i$^ ^rnr^
?5rf^ ftrste «rRft^ 3T?[ft arrfit^ ^^ qr^. ^rr j^crto^*"^ sttft^
^M^iHiH wr^ 3?^ ^ ^^FT ^rrff. m4^*"n1 ^^ ^^nr 'arg^ 5ri?r
'' 5^f f^'s^cT ^^f^ JTTftRf TOT^ I* Tft^^ 3T^^ ^rt ^^ ^\'
Z^. ^irSTT^cT ^^Efcf JTTftr^ T^cT^ "hk^^NI JRH «J^^Tn*N %^ «T%5?
sr ^ ^1:. ^ JTrftr^F tct^h^ ^q^ffi thrift ^ii3<fl^ ^^f^r f^i*"iMi
t^S^ ^ff^ fR 2ir<4ni"^i*RdH ^r?^ arr^, «Tlf ^i^^ srg^t ^qr^.
=^r^ 'KR?^ ^ cNft eft =^r^ ^tff 3t?(ff w mf^ 5^TO^ ^srr^ g^
3fl^ 5n- ^^tcT I HPSR grHT 9Trt. ^PRT? t JTTftW 5^R? f^R^^ =^^r
"aMlMiail ltn«ll2ft^lrtlHl ^m^ ^IrtMl 5^13} ^Vl*ll <i^|rt ftl^MdUl, Rtii^*
" ^\\<i V^4 an^ ^:^^tA «ia an^ici^ S^ar SliHk^. ^^^^^ (HlHWl wi^m-
8
t4WHi Mtm{\ rt^lS V4l SiiMlr^ Oil^l=t M(4'^.6 « rt Xlrt^ 5H^«l•^r -Hd I ri^l
^^Bl CllW ^^< nMll llg«ltf5Ml HHun a'llM'iRlSiM ^R^' ^^<^'\ a«lM?w'*
" anUCK i^'llR^ ^IdUl MUiv ciiaii:i VMtHU S^nl •lI'U'lM^ctl'll ^R*" ^Wl
5ii»a «4?i ^<\ »ou{ 9H\^\[ 15."— t^f^^iiisii (MI'S i^^x), a>iM4Wl^«
4. The Eaghuvams'a of Kalid^sa with the commentary (the
Sanj 1 vim) of Mallinatha and various readings. Rs. 2.
5. The SuhMishitaratnahhbndagara or the Gems of Sanskrit
Poetry, being a collection (of about 12,000 s'lokas) of Witty,
Epigrammatic, Instructive and Descriptive verses picked up from
about 500 different authors. Bs. 3 Ans. 8.
6. The HitopadesLa of Vishnus'arman, Ans. 9,
7. The Ratndvali of S'riharshadeva with explanatory English
Notes. Ans. 8.
8. The i)as'«feiAw«racAaW<a 'of Dandin with its PurvapithikS
and UttarapithikS and an Uttarapithik^ by Padmanabha ; also
with the commentaries (the Padachandrik^) of Kavindra Sarasvati
and (the BhushanS) of S'ivarama on the Das'akumaracharita and
the PadadipikS on the Purvapithik4 and various I'eadings. Rs. 2 .
9. The Ahhijnanaa'tikuntcda of KMid^sa with the commentary
(the ArthadyotanikS) of Raghavabhatta and explanatory Eng-
lish Notes, Rs. 2.
10. The Bhagavadgit^ (in very small type). Ans. 5,
11. The Pancliaratnt GUd, ( „ ). Ans. 7.
12. The Adhytimarhriayana ( „ ). Re. 1 Ans. 4.
1 3. The Saptas'atl ( „ )\ Ans. 5.
14. Thf> Anuhhiltiprakhsi'a of Vidy^ranyasv^min. Rs. 2 Ans. 4.
15. The Eamachandriha ( Declensions of nouns). Ans 4»
16. The S'ivatimdava-Stotra. Ana. 1.
17. The Ratnammudbchaya (about 900 sayings of different
authors). Ans,. 2. f
18. The Fras'nottara-PayonidliL Ans, 4.
19. The A shtMhyayUSiltr apatlia o^Tanini. Ans. 5.
20. The Udhsinasadhu-Stotra. Ans. 5.
21. jEsop's Fables (Translated). Part 1 & 2. Each part. Ans. 6.
22. The Ahhhiavakadayiibarl by DhundirSja (An abstract of
Bana's KMambari). Ans, 8.
23. The Manusmrlti with tho coramoutary of Kidluka-
bhatta. Rs. 2. Ans. 8.
24. The Dharmasind/m (with Marfithl translation). Bs. 6*
25. The S'udrakamamara ( „ ). Rs. 4. •
26. The Matriculation Examination Papers in Sanskrit with
answers (1862-1883). Re. 1 Ans. 2.
1
THE SANSKRIT READER.
OBJECT.
The Study of Sanski-it has been greatly facilitated t>y
the introduction of the two books of Prof. E. G. Bhfindar-
kar. But the main object in preparing those excellent books
was, we think, to simplify the intricacies of grammar and
present the subject in an easily intelligible form- They,
therefore, contain rather too much of Grammar and too little
of Beading. Sanskiit forms an important part of the studies
taught at the High Schools and Colleges and the majority of
students who present themselves at the University Exami-
nations select Sanskrit as their Second Language. But thougia
Sanskrit has been so largely studied, it is not uncommon to
find that students who are very clever at making by heart a
string of grammatical forms, however recondite and difficult,
are hardly able to construe a simple sentence and speak in a
way in which ordinary people spoke Sanskrit when it was a
living language. In fact they have no command over the
language. The reason is not far to seek. The standard
works — the KSvyas and the Natakas — are high for begin-
noi^s and cannot be much utilized without the help of a
teacher — a procedure not within the reach of many students.
This attempt has, therefore, been made to meet the desiderata
of a good Beading Book which the students can read and un-
derstand by themselves.
RATES OP SUBSCRIPTION.
-«o»-
Bs. Ans.
Per Annum (in advance) — 12.
„ „ (in arrears) ... 1 — 0.
Single Copy. — 2.
Postage for Mofussilites ; ... — 6.
Intending subscribers should send their names and sub-
scriptions to the Proprietor of the Nirnaya-s^gara Press,
Bombay.
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mm^mmmmmmmmmmim
^i
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