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A ,  H-^ 


4^  :/"-  ^>'- J 


I 


■432.    J.UNDON,  1839.    With  Juvenal.    I 
Stoeket. 

Sc-cond  edition  0/  no.  ^28  ;  same  j'liue  and  H 
printer.    Printed  for  Ixingman,  Oniie  &  Co  :  ( 
and  Un  other  booksellers.     1839.     8°.     pp. 
XX  +  537.  M.  BM. 

The  paging  is  here  cnntinuous,  while  in  nn.  418  ihe 
lait  41  leave!  wete  not  numtieied.  The  sli^hl  altera- 
tions in  Ibis  eilition  are  noted  on  p.  itiii. 

My- copy  haa  the  atmoTiol  IXMikplate  ol  Hamilton 
Hav  Hill. 


V 


J 


THE 


SATIRES 


OF 


JUYENAL  AND  PERSIUS, 


FROM  THE  TEXTS  OF 


RUPERTI  AND  ORELLIUS: 


wiTn 


ENGLISH  NOTES, 

PARTLY  COMPILED,  AND  PARTLY  ORIGINAL. 


8BC0ND  EDITION, 


BY 

CHARLES  WILLIAM  STOCKER,  D.D. 

Late  fellow  of  8t.  John's  college,  oxford;  and  principal  op 

BLIZABBTU  COLLEGE,  GTTERNSET. 


LONDON: 

PftlHTZD  FOE  LONGMAN,  ORME,  AND  CO  ;  T.  CADELL  ;  BALDWIN  AND  CRADOCK  ; 

K.  WILLI4MS;   HAMILTON  AND  CO;   WHITTAKER  AND  CO;    SIMPK1N, 

MARSHALL,  AND  CO;   J.  80UTER;   HOULSTON  AND  STONEMAN  ; 

BOOKER  AJTD  DOLMAN;   AND  J.  H.  PARKER,  OXFORD. 

1839. 


Harvard  College  Library 

Gift  of 

Morris  H.  Moi^[sn 

Jan.  I,  1910 


BAXna,  PKHfTER,  OXFOKD. 


•  TO 

EDWARD  CARDWELL 

D.  D. 

PBINCIPAL  OF  ST.  ALBAN  HALL, 
AND  CAMDEN  PHOFE880R  OF  ANCIENT  HISTORY, 

THE 

FOLLOWING  WORK 

IS 

DEDICATED 
AS  A  MARK  OF  HIOH  ESTEEM 

BY 

HIS  OBLIGED  AND  FAITHFUL  FRIEND, 

c.  w.  s. 


Oxfind,  January  \,  1835. 


#^ 


PREFACE. 


The  Exlitions  from  which  the  notes  have  been  principally* 
selected  are  those  following : 

1.  The  Variorum  Edition  of  1684. 

2.  The  Delphin  Edition. 

8.  Madan's  Translation. 

4.  KoBNio's  Persius,  GoMng.  1803. 

5.  RuPERTi's  Juvenal,  second  edition.  Lips,  1819. 

6.  Gifford's  Translations — of  Juvenal,  second  edition, 
Land.  1806.— of  Persius,  Land.  1821. 

7.  Duebner's  Persius,  Lips.  18^3^ 

6.  Orellius's  Eclogse  Poetarum  Latinorum%  second  edi- 
tion, Turic.  1833. 

And,  besides  these  printed  editions, 

9.  A  translation  of  Persiusj  with  notesy  by  Samvbl  DsiiNtSj 
D.D.  some  time  President  of  St*  JohrCs  CoUege^. 

The  text  of  Juvenal  is  that  of  Ruperti':  where  it  differs 
from  the  text  of  his  second  edition,  it  will  be  found  to 
accord  with  the  maturer  opinion  of  that  ecUtor,  .elsewhere 
expressed.  The  text  of  Persius  is  that  of  Orellius.  The 
punctuation  of  neither  has  been  servilely  followed :  and,  for 
uniformity's  sake,  the  orthography,  previously  adopted  in 
Juvenal,  has  been  adhered  to  in  Persius. 

*  For  other  authorities  see  the  Index  at  the  end  of  the  Preface. 

^  One  of  the  best  editions,  contaimng  the  whole  of  Casanbon's  notes, 
e  Containing  selections  from  Juvenal,  and  the  whole  6f  Persius. 
4  This  Manuscript  was  kindly  communicated  to  the  Editor  by  his  friend 
Dr.  WvirrxBy  the  present  Plresident  of  the  College.  « 

*  The  reprint  of  Ruperti's  Juvenal  (with  Koenig's  Persius)  Ojron.;]835, 
does  not  contain  that  editor's  last  corrections. 

b 


"  PREFACE. 

In  extracting  from  the  mass  of  Annotations  whatever  ap- 
peared necessary  or  useful,  the  Editor  kept  before  his  eyes 
Hearae's  motto  "  suum  cuique:"  and  when,  as  would  often 
be  the  case,  his  own  opinions  or  illustrations  were  antici- 
pated, he  chose  to  relinquish  them  in  dlence  rather  than 
risk  the  imputation  of  plagiarism.  Hence  the  earlier  com- 
mentators will  fill  a  more  conspicuous  place  here  than  ia  the 
generality  of  modem  editions :  since,  from  Calderinus  and 
Britannicus  downwards,  the  annotators  have  been  free  in 
borrowing  from  their  predecessors  and  sparing  in  acknow- 
ledgements. All  observations  to  the  prejudice  of  his  fellow- 
labourers  in  the  same  field,  it  has  been  his  wish  to  avoid: 
for  the  aid  of  each  among  them,  however  slight,  he  has  felt 
grateful;  and  their  occasional  errors,  from  which  none  can 
be  exempt,  have  {as  far  as  rested  with  himself)  been  willingly 
consigned  to  oblivion.  The  initials  denote  the  authorities 
from  whom  the  substance  of  the  notes  is  taken;  (though  in 
the  Variorum  edition  the  actual  aauotator  could  not  always 
be  ascertained :)  for  such  alone  as  are  unappropriated,  is  the 
present  Editor  responsible.  In  verifying  the  references  of  his 
predecessors,  or  in  supplying  them  when  altogether  omitted, 
much  pains  have  been  bestowed. 

The  following  brief  memoir  of  our  two  Satirists  is  taken 
principally  from  Gifford.  According  to  other  authorities, 
Juvenal  wrote  many  of  his  Satires  after  the  age  of  eighty ', 
at  which  advanced  Ume  of  life  he  was  banished,  and  that  by 
Trajan,  whom  he  had  complimented  in  the  opening  of  the 
very  Satire  which  formed  the  alleged  grievance.  The  short 
Ume  which  the  Editor  had  for  the  completion  of  the  work, 
amidst  other  professional  engagements,  afforded  little  oppor- 
tunity of  consulting  hb  friends,  where  he  required  advice ; 
any   suggestions,   therefore,   which   may  supply   the   defects 

f  Yet "  Newton  wai,  in  his  etghtf-fifth  year,  iinproriiig  his  Chronol^jr, 
a  few  dajs  before  hit  death  ;  and  Waller  appears  not,  in  tnjr  opinion,  to 
have  lost,  at  eighty-two,  any  part  of  his  poetical  power."  Young,  too, 
published  his  "  Resignation"  on  the  other  side  of  fourscore;  yet  there  is 
no  "  proof  of  decaying  faculties.  Tliere  is  Young  in  every  vCaoaa,  such  as 
he  often  was  in  his  highest  vigour."  Johnson's  Lives  of  the  Poets. 


PREFACE.  vii 

of  this  edition  and  increase  its  utility  if  reprinted,  by  ex- 
plaining what  is  difficult  and  elucidating  what  is  obscure, 
as  well  as  by  rectifying  its  errors,  will  be  received  with 
gratitude'. 


Decimus  Junius  Juvenalis  was  bom  in  the  reign  of 
Caligula,  about  the  year  of  our  Lord  38,  at  Aquinum  a  town 
of  the  Volsci;  which  in  the  thirteenth  century,  gave  a  name 
to  another  illustrious  native,  Thomas  Aquinas,  distinguished 
among  the  schoolmen  by  the  title  of  *^  the  Angelic  Doctor." 
Of  Juvenal's  life  but  little  can  be  collected;  and,  of  this 
little,  much  is  built  upon  uncertainties.  From  pride  or 
modesty,  he  has  left  but  few  notices  of  himself.  As  to  his 
circumstances  indeed,  he  gives  us  to  understand  that  he  had 
a  competence:  the  little  patrimony,  which  his  father  (or 
foster-father)  left  him,  he  never  diminished,  and,  probably, 
never  increased:  it  seems  to  have  equalled  all  his  wants. 
The  earliest  account  extant  of  him  (which  is  commonly,  and 
by  Salmasius  amongst  others,  attributed  to  Suetonius)  has 
few  marks  of  being  written  by  a  contemporary,  and  is  very 
concise  and  meagre.  He  is  said  to  have  been  either  the 
son,  or  the  foster-son,  of  a  wealthy  freedman;  who  gave 
him  a  liberal  education.  Till  the  age  of  forty,  (about  78 
A.  D.)  he  continued  to  prosecute  the  study  of  eloquence,  by 
declaiming  according  to  the  practice  of  those  days:  yet 
more  for  amusement,  than  from  any  intention  to  prepare 
himself  either  for  the  schools  or  for  the  courts  of  law. 

That  system  of  favouritism,  which  under  Claudius  had 
nearly  ruined  the  empire,  Domitian,  in  the  early  part  of  his 
reign,  showed  symptoms  of  reviving  by  his  unbounded  par- 
tiality towards  a  young  pantomimic  dancer  of  the  name  of 
Paris.  Against  this  minion  Juvenal  seems  to  have  directed 
almost  the  first  ^  shafts  of  that  Satire,  which  was  destined,  in 


C  [The  Editor  has,  since,  to  acknowledge  the  favour  of  a  letter  from  his 
friend  and  former  master,  the  Reverend  Thomas  Kidd,  M.A.  (of  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge;)  the  valuable  contents  of  which  will  not  be  neglected.] 

^  We  must  except,  perhaps,  Satires  ii  and  viii :  see  the  Arguments. 


▼ui  PREFACE. 

after  years,  to  make  the  most  powerful  vices  tremble.  He 
composed  a  few  lines,  on  the  influence  of  Paris,  with  con- 
siderable success,  which  encouraged  him  to  cultivate  this 
kind  of  poetry:  he  had,  however,  the  prudence  not  to 
commit  himself  to  an  auditory,  in  a  reign  which  swarmed 
with  informers,  and  only  circulated  his  compositions  pri- 
vately among  his  friends*  By  degrees  he  grew  bolder; 
and,  having  made  many  large  additions  to  his  first  sketch, 
if  not  recast  it,  produced  what  is  now  called  Satire  vii', 
which  he  recited  to  a  numerous  assemblage,  about  83 
A.  D«  The  consequences  were  such  as  he  might  have  antici- 
pated. Paris  is  said  to  have  been  informed  of  his  own 
introduction  into  the  piece,  and  to  have  taken  such  umbrage, 
as  to  lay  a  formal  complaint  of  it  before  the  emperor*^.  If, 
owing  to  this  representation,  Juvenal  was  banished  from 
Rome,  under  the  pretence  of  an  appointment  to  a  military 
command  in  Upper  Egypt,  his  exile  would  be  of  no  long 
duration;  as  the  favourite  was,  almost  immediately  after, 
disgraced  and  put  to  death.  That  our  author  was  in  Egypt 
is  certain';  but  he  might  have  gone  thither  from  motives 
of  personal  safety:  for  in  94  A.  D.  Domitian  banished  the 
j^osophers  from  Rome,  and  soon  after  from  Italy,  with 
many  circimistances  of  cruelty.  Now,  though  Juvenal, 
strictly  speaking,  did  not  come  under  the  description  of  a 
philosopher,  yet,  like  the  hare  in  the  fable,  he  might  not 
unreasonably  entertain  some  apprehensions  for  his  safety, 
and,  with  many  other  persons  eminent  for  learning  and 
virtue,  might  deem  it  prudent  to  withdraw  from  the  city. 
We  may  therefore  refer  his  journey  into  Egypt  to  this 
period:  but  it  does  not  appear  that  he  was  ever  long  absent 
from  Rome,  where  there  is  strong  internal  evidence  to  show 
that  all  his  Satires  were  written. 

Whether  his  Egyptian  voyage  was  matter  of  necessity  or 
prudence,  we  find  henceforth  in  our  author  the  most  intense 
hatred  of  tyranny;   and  his  indignation  is  chiefly  directed 

1  See  the  Argument,  and  note  on  v.  1. 
^  See  notes  on  vii.  92,  and  viii.  244. 
1  Satire  zv.  45. 


PREFACE.  ix 

against  the  emperor  himself  whose  hypocrisy,  cruelty,  and 
ficentiousnessy  now  become  the  object  of  his  keenest  repro- 
bation. He  did  not,  indeed,  recite  any  more  in  public;  but 
he  continued  to  write  during  the  remainder  of  Domitian's 
rngUf  to  which  period  we  may  assign  several  of  his  Satires  »• 
In  96  A.  D.  the  world  was  happily  relieved  from  the 
despotism  of  this  tyrant:  Nerva,  who  succeeded  him,  re- 
called  the  exiles.  From  this  time,  therefore,  there  can  be 
little  doubt  of  Juvenal's  residing  at  Rome  and  pursuing  lus 
studies  without  further  molestation.  His  first  Satire  after 
Domitian's  death  would  seem  to  be  S.  iv°;  and  now  he 
began  to  revise  for  publication  his  previous  writings,  pre- 
fixing to  them  S.  i%  by  way  of  introduction.  To  this  period 
we  may  also  refer  S.  x^;  and  S.  xi,  which  probably  closed 
his  poetical  career^:  unless  we  suppose  S.  xvi,  to  be  genuine 
and  left  in  an  unfinished  state  at  the  author's  death  "^^  which 
took  place  at  an  advanced  age,  when  he  was  upwards  of 
fourscore. 

AuLUs  Persius  Flaccus  was  bom  in  32  A.D.  at  Volaterra, 
a  town  of  Etruria.  When  six  years  old,  he  lost  his  father; 
and,  being  of  a  delicate  constitution,  was  educated  entirely 
at  home,  till  the  age  of  twelve.  For  the  benefit  of  masters, 
the  family  then  removed  to  Rome:  where  Persius  was 
placed  under  the  most  celebrated  instructors,  *  Remmius 
Palasmon  the  grammarian,  and  Virginius  Flavus  the  rhe- 
torician,  with  whom  he  made  great  proficiency.  His  mother, 
Fulvia  Sisennia,  had  married  again,  and  her  house  was  the 
resort  of  many  literary  characters,  mostly  of  the  Stoic  sect. 
On  assuming  the  manly  gown  in  his  seventeenth  year,  he 

■  Viz.  iii,  (see  note  on  v.  153)  ▼,  (see  note  on  v.  36)  in,  (compare  the 
Alignment  and  note  on  v.  206)  and  perhaps,  xiii,  (see  note  on  v.  17)  and 
xi,  (see  note  on  v.  205.) 

■  See  the  Argument 
«  See  the  Argument. 

9  See  notes  on  v.  25,  and  v,  78. 
^  See  the  Argument. 
'  See  the  Argument. 


X  PREFACE. 

appears  to  have  somewhat  abused  the  first  moments  of 
liberty*;  but  soon^  recovering  from  his  delusion,  he  had 
recourse  to  Annaeus  Comutus,  an  eminent  Stoic  and  one  of 
the  professors  who  frequented  his  mother's  house.  In  him 
he  found  a  judicious  guide  and  faithful  friend  for  the  re- 
mainder of  his  life;  which  was  prematurely  closed  before 
the  age  of  thirty.  After  leaving  the  bulk  of  his  fortune, 
which  was  ample,  to  his  mother  and  sister;  he  bequeathed 
his  library  (consisting  of  700  books),  a  considerable  quantity 
of  plate,  and  a  handsome  legacy  in  money,  to  this  learned 
and  excellent  man*,  who  generously  relinquished  the  latter 
to  the  relatives  of  the  deceased  poet 

This  diversity  of  studies  in  the  two  authors  before  us  has 
given  a  widely  different  character  to  their  writings.  In  one 
we  have  the  impassioned  declaimer,  in  the  other  the  uncom- 
promising moralist.  Persius,  though  he  borrowed  much  of 
the  language  of  Horace,  has  little  of  his  manner.  The  im- 
mediate object  of  his  imitation  appears  to  be  Lucilius.  If 
he  lashes  vice  with  less  severity  than  his  great  prototype, 
we  must  bear  in  mind  that  he  lived  in  perilous  times;  that 
he  was  of  a  rank  sufficiently  distinguished  to  make  such 
freedom  dangerous,  and  of  an  age  when  life  had  yet  lost 
little  of  its  novelty:  to  write,  therefore,  even  as  he  has 
written,  proves  him  to  be  a  person  of  no  ordinary  courage 
and  virtue. 

His  writings  are  dramatic,  after  the  manner  of  the  Socratic 
dialogues:  and  an  obscurity  arises,  sometimes,  from  the 
sudden  change  of  characters",  but  more  frequently,  from  a 
redundant  use  of  tropes,  (approaching  in  almost  every  in- 
stance to  catachresis,)  from  an  anxiety  to  compress  his  matter, 
and  from  a  rapid  and  unexpected  transition  from  one  over- 
strained figure  to  another. 

Stoicism,  which  had  infected  poetry  even  in  Cicero's  days, 
had  subsequently  spread  with  amazing  rapidity.     Its  general 

»  Sat.  V.  30—40. 

^  Prologue,  note  on  v,  8. 

"  See  the  opening  of  Sat.  i. 


PREFACE.  xi 

prevalence  might  be  owing  to  the  increase  of  profligacy,  for 
which  it  furnished  a  convenient  cloak.  Not  that  such  a  re- 
vaaxk  applies  to  Persius,  though  brought  up  in  this  school: 
for  he  practised  most  scrupulously  the  virtue  which  he  re- 
commends, and,  at  an  age  when  few  have  acquired  a  decided 
character,  left  behind  him  an  established  reputation  for 
genius,  learning,  and  worth.  To  form  a  correct  estimate  of 
his  merits,  it  is  requisite  to  have  gained  some  acquaintance 
with  the  leading  tenets  of  the  sect  which  he  embraced  with 
such  ardour.  The  most  prominent  of  these  were — the  equality 
of  all  vices*:  the  division  of  all  mankind  into  two  distinct 
classes,  the  wise  and  the  foolish,  without  any  intermediate 
gradations':  the  indissoluble  concatenation  of  the  virtues: 
and  the  indefectibility  of  wisdom;  with  its  concomitant  at- 
tributes of  imperturbability  and  unmingled  happiness,  of 
genuine  liberty*,  real  independence,  and  even  absolute 
supremacy*.  While,  however,  he  was  making  great  profi- 
ciency in  the  principles  and  paradoxes  of  the  porch,  Persius 
made  but  little  advancement  in  that  knowledge  which  is  so 
essential  for  a  Satirist,  the  knowledge  of  the  world.  At  the 
political  and  moral  degradation  of  his  country  he  would  seem 
to  have  felt  no  indignation ;  at  least,  he  expresses  none.  He 
dreams  of  no  freedom  but  that  enjoyed  by  the  followers  of 
Zeno;  and  the  tyrants  with  whom  he  delights  to  grapple  are 
always  those  of  the  mind. 

Juvenal,  like  Persius,  professes  to  follow  Lucilius'';  but 
what  was  in  one  a  simple  attempt,  is  in  the  other  a  real 
imitation  of  his  manner.  Less  of  a  courtier  than  Horace, 
and  more  a  man  of  the  world  than  his  immediate  precursor, 
he  laboured  with  a  magnificence  of  language  peculiarly  his 
own,  to  pourtray  in  the  strongest  colours  the  loveliness  of 
virtue  and  the  deformity  of  vice.     What  Horace  had  done 

«  Sat.  V.  119  sqq. 
y  Sat.  V.  121  sqq. 

*  Sat.  T.  73  «qq. 

*  "  Paganism  and  Christianity  compared :"  in  Lectures  to  the  King's 
Scholars  at  Westminster  by  John  Ireland,  D.D.  8vo.  1814. 

^  Juv.  i.  19  sq.  Pers.  i.  114  sq. 


di  PREFACE. 

or  decorum  and  taste,  that  Juvenal  did  for  morak  and 
iberty.  IKsdaining  artifice  of  every  kind,  he  boldly  raised 
lis  voice  against  the  usurpation  of  power.  With  the  sword 
>f  satire  which  he  fabricated  for  himself,  he  rushes  from  the 
Mdace  to  the  tavern,  from  the  gates  of  Rome  to  the  boun- 
lanes  of  the  empire,  and  strikes  without  distinction  who- 
ever deviates  from  the  course  of  nature  or  the  paths  of 
lonour'. 

A  stem  and  intrepid  censor,  an  ardent  and  impetuous 
x)et,  at  times  he  rises  with  his  theme  to  the  noblest  heights 
)f  tragedy:  though  in  the  mere  mechanical  part  of  poetry, 
n  the  construction  of  his  sentences  and  verses,  he  is  gene- 
rally careless.  Hence  the  frequent  occurrence  of  the  hiatus  **, 
he  constant  omission  of  conjunctions  %  and,  in  some  places, 
he  insertion  of  unmeaning  words  as  mere  props  to  the 
netre''.  His  memory  and  fancy,  being  thronged  by  a  crowd 
)f  illustrations  and  examples,  start  off  from  one  to  another, 
seldom  apparently  with  any  other  guide  than  the  caprice  of 
lie  moment;  and  often  return  as  rapidly  to  resume  the 
ihread  which  had  been  dropped:  and  hence  we  find  that 
;he  systematic  discussion  of  the  subject  in  hand  is  ofiten  in- 
serted, and  often  interrupted  by  abrupt  transitions*:  much 
)f  this,  however,  may  be  accounted  for  by  considering  a 
large  portion  of  his  present  matter  as  added  to  the  original 
sketches,  upon  subsequent  revisions.  If  Juvenal  seldom 
praises,  it  must  be  remembered  that  praise  from  him  might 
not  be  unattended  with  danger.  If  his  language  be  occa- 
donally  repugnant  to  all  modem  notions  of  delicacy,  we 

c  DussauJx. 

^  Note  on  i.  151. 

«  Sat.  vi.  65,  note.  iii.  216.  v.  143.  vi. 430.551.  648.  viii.  2?.  36.  49.  $6. 
X.  98.  z.  101.  xii.  46.  ziii.  133.  xiv.  102,  103.  xr.  135.  Heinecke.  Gron. 
md  Drak.  on  Livy  x.  35.  xxvii.  16.  Oud.  on  Luc.  i.  155.  Duk.and  Oud.on 
Suet.  Aug.  5.  Ruperti.  Some  of  these  Jacobs  has  endeavoured  to  get  rid 
)f,  by  inserting  ei  after  valva;  iv*  63.  honorem  ;  vii.  88.  divitus;  x.  24. 
ind  in  vi.  207,  by  introducing  si  before  est.  Misc.  Phil.  Matthias,  Alt.  1803. 
t.  i.  p.  80—92. 

f  Sat.  vi.  54. 

t  Especially  in  Sat.  vi.  and  Sat.  x. 


PREFACE.  xiii 

must  bear  in  mind,  not  only  the  taste  of  those  times*,  but 
that  Rome  was  then  degraded  into  a  sink  of  depravity.  It 
is  into  this  worse  than  Augaean  den,  that  our  bard  turns  the 
torrent  of  his  resistless  eloquence.  We  can  scarcely  be 
surprised,  therefore,  however  we  may  regret,  that  the  stream 
is  here  and  there  sullied  with  a  taint  of  the  foul  pollutions 
which  it  sweeps  away. 

It  was  not  left  optional  with  the  present  Editor  to  insert  or 
reject  such  passages  as  might  appear  to  him  objectionable: 
therefore,  by  way  of  rendering  them  as  harmless  as  possible, 
he  has,  wherever  he  could,  given  such  a  paraphrase  as  might 
convey  the  sense  divested  of  the  grossness. 

t  Fers.  iv.  36,  note. 


In  return  for  the  patronage  with  which  the  Public  has 
honoured  the  first  edition  of  the  present  work,  it  has  been 
endeavoured  to  render  this  reprint  more  deserving  of  con- 
tinued favour,  by  correcting  the  oversights  and  completing 
the  defective  quotations,  as  well  as  by  introducing  references 
to  the  notes  in  the  volume  of  Livy  which  has  just  issued  from 
the  press. 


Oxford,  July  20th,  1838. 


INDEX    OF   AUTHORITIES. 


[1^  When  the  initiali  are  enclosed  in  a  parenthesis,  the  reference  is  fo  the  note  of 
that  Commentator  on  the  passage  or  passages  immediately  preceding.] 

A.  ^Alexander  ab  Alexandre,  BRO,  *firodeau,  John, 

Geniales  Dies.                  1510  Miscellanies,                     1550 

ACH.    tAchaintre.NicholasLewis,18lO  BRU.  BruDck,  Richard  Francis  Philip, 

AD.      Adam,  Alexander,  LL.D.  Analecta ;  Sophocles,       1785 

Roman  Antiquities,  &c.     1790  BU,     Barman,  Peter, 

AL.      * Akiat,  Andrew,  Petrooius ;  Ovid ;  Qnintilian ; 

PrKtermiss.                       1540  V.  Fltccns;  Phndrus;  Latin 

AN.      AnthoD, Charles,  Anthology;  Virgil.          1709 

Ed.  of  Lemp.Class.  DicU  1827  B  W.    Brewster,  Th. 

ANON.  The  Author  of  "  High  Birth."  Transl.  of  Persius.            1751 

[seep.  199. j                    1821  BX.    Baxter,  William. 

AR,      Arcerins,  John.                   1598  Horace;  Anacreon,         1701 

AS.       tAsoeosins,    [Jossa    Badius   of  BY.    Bentley,  Richard,  D,D. 

Assche]                             1498  Horace;  &c.                     1727 

B.  Berth,  Caspar,  CA.     *Camerarius,  Joachim,          1564 

Observations;    Statius;    Cal-  CAL.  ^Calderinas,   Doroitius.    [Domi- 

pornius;  Claudian.&c.  1650  nic  de  Caldariis,] 

BA.      Bahrdt.  Charles  Frd.  Commentary,                    1475 

German  Version,              1781  CAN,  •Canter,  William. 

BAR.   Barnes,  Joshua,  D.D.  Animadversions,  £cc.        1564 

Anacreon; Euripides, &c  1720  CAR.  Cardwell,  Edward,  D.D. 

BE.      *Beroa]do.  PhUip,  Lectures  on  Anc.  Coins,  1832 

Annotations,  &c.             1514  CAS.  *tCasaubon,  Isaac, 

BG.      Bulges,  George,  Spartian ;       Theophrastus  ; 

iEschylus,                        1831  Atheneus.  &c.            1605 

BH.      Boahier.  John,  CE.    Cerda,  John  Lewis  de  la. 

Remarks  on  Cic.  T.  Q.    1737  Virgil,                             1608 

BK.     Brockhuisen,  John,  CK,    Clarke,  Samuel,  D.D. 

Pronertius ;  TibuUus,       1707  Homer,                             1720 

BL.      Blomfield,  Charles  James,  D.D.  CL.    Claverius.  Stephen. 

(Bishop  of  London)  Commentary,                   1607 

.£schylas,                         1812  CO.    Corte,  Theophifus, 

BM.     Badham,  Charles,  M.D.  Sallust;  Pliny,                 1724 

TransL  of  Juvenal,           1814  [CR.    Crevier.  John  Baptist  Lewis, 

BO.      Bottiger,  Charles  Augustus,  Livy,                              1735] 

Sabina,                             1803  CU.    *Cunftus.  Peter.  LL.D. 

BOI.    Boissooade,  John  Francis,  On  the  Heb.  Repub.  £cc.  1615 

NiceUs Engenianus.  &c.  1819  D.      Dryden,  John,  Transl.*         1697 

BOC;.  Bonrdin,  Giles,  DB.    iDuebner,  Frederic,              1833 

Gr.Sdiol.on  Arutoph.      1545  DD.    Droromond,  Sir  William, 

BR.     •Brisson,  Barnabas,  Transl.  of  Persius.            1797 

Formularies.                     1505  DL    Didot,  Firmin,                        1810 

BRE.  Bredenkamp,  Herman,  DM.  Dempster.  Thomas,               1620 

Magazin  fur  offentliche  Schu-  DN,   Dennis,  Samuel,  D.D. 

l«i  und  Schnllehrer.  Ms^TramL^Pertius,      1775 

BRI.  *Bntannicu8  [s.  Angelas],  John,  DO.    *Dorleans,  Lewis, 

Commentaries,                 1486  Comment,  on  Tacitus.      1622 

*  Satires  i.  iii.  vi.  z.  xvi.  and  all  of  Persius,  by  Dryden  himself;  ii.  xv.  by  N. 
Tate  ;  iv.  by  Richard  Duke ;  v.  by  William  Bowles ;  vii.  by  Charles  Dryden;  viii. 
by  George  Stepney ;  ix.  by  Steplien  Hervey;  xi.  by  William  Centre ve;  xii.  by 

Idooms  rower;  xiii.  by  Thomas  Creech ;  ziv.  by  John  Dryden,  junior. 


XVI 


INDEX  OF  AUTHORITIES. 


D*0.    D*Orville.  James  Philip, 

CharitoD,  &c.  1750 

D(E,    Dohng,  Frederic  William, 

Catullus,  &c.  1790 

DR.     Drakenborch,  Arnold, 

Silius;  Livy,  1720 

[DT.    Donatiis,  Marcellus, 

Notes  on  Livy,  1604] 

DU.    Duker,  Charles  Andrew, 

Florus;  Livy,  1731 

DX,    Dussauiz,  John, 

Traduction  Fran9ai8e,      1770 

The  same,  with  notes,  1796 
£.  *JBrasmus,  Desid.  Adages,  1526 
[ED,  The  Editor's  compilation  of  notes 

on  Livy;  nowjirtt  add§d,  1838] 
EG.     *£gnatius,  John  Baptist, 

Annotations,  1514 

ER.     Ernesti,  John  Augustus, 

Clavis  Cicerooiana ;  Tacitus  ; 
Suetonius;  Cicero,       1736 

F,  Facciolati,  James,   Lex.       1756 

FA,  *tFamaby,  Thomas,  1612 
FAB.  Fabricius,  Francis, 

Orosius,  &c.  1582 
Fabricius,  Jo.  Albert,  Dio.  1700 

FB,  Fabra,  Anna, 

Florus;  Dictys,  1674 

FE,    •Ferrari,  Octavius, 

On  Ancient  Dress,  &c.  1642 
FL,    •Flavins,  Ptolemy, 

Conjectanea,  1600 

FLO.  •Floridus-Sabinus,  Francis, 

Lectiones  Subcisivae,  1602 
FR,    Fioidroont,  Libertus,  S.T.P. 

Notes  on  Seneca,  1640 

FRE.  Frere,  the  rU  hon.  John  H. 

Observations,  1817 

G.  Gifford,  WUliam,  Transl.  1802 
GA,  •Gataker,Thomas,Antoninu8,1652 
G£.    Gesner,  Jo.  Matthias, 

Claudian;  Columella;  Quin- 
tilian.  Sec.  1759 

GL     Gierig,  Theophilos  Erdro. 

Pliny  ;  Ovid  Met.  1784 

GR.    •^Le  Grange,  Isaac,  1614 

GRJE.^  Grsvius,  John  George, 

Cicero,  &c.  1684 

GRO.  Gronov,  John  Frederic, 
— »-   Gronov,  James, 

Livy;  Seneca;  Plautus,  1645 
GROT.  Groot,  Hugh  de, 

M.  Capella,  1599 

GRU.  Gruter,  John, 

Inscriptions,  &c.  1611 

OU.  Gurlitt,  Jb.Gf.Animadvers.  1801 
GY.    •Giraldi,  Lilio  Gregory, 

Dialogues,  1553 


H.       Heinsius,  Nicholas, 

Ovid;   Propertius;  Claudian; 

Silius ;  V.  Flaccus,  &c.     1658 
HA.    Hardouin,  John, 

Pliny ;  Cicero  Tusc.  Q.    1686 
HAR.  Harles,  Theophilus  Chrph. 

C.Nepos;  Ovid  Trist.  1800 
HB.    Heubach,  Charles  Cbr. 

Roman  Polity,  1788 

HE.    H6rault,  Didier, 

Adversaria,  &c.  1599 

HEE.  Heeren,  Arnold  Herman  Lewis, 

Ideen  iiber  die  Politik,  1793 
HER.  Hermann,  Godfrey,  1802 

HEU.  See  HB. 
HG.     Haugwitz,  Otto  Graf  von. 

Germ.  Vers,  of  Juvenal,  1818 
HK,     Heinecke,  Jb.  Rudolph  Aug. 

Animadversions,  1804 

HN.    ^Hennioius,  Henry  Christn.  1685 
HO.     Holyday,  Barten, 

Translation,  1620 

HP.     Hbpfoer,  Jh.  Geo.  Chr. 

Sophocles,  1822 

HR.    Heinrich,  Charles  Frederic, 

Comments,  1806 

HU.    Huschke,  Emanuel  Theophilus, 

Anal.  Critic.  1800 

HV.     Havercamp,  Sigbert, 

TertuUian,  &c.  1718 

HY.     Heyne,  Christian  Theophilus, 

Virgil;  Tibnllus;  Apollod.1767 
I.         Ireland,  John,  D.D.  (Dean  of 
Westminster) 

Lectures;  &c.  1801 

J.        *  Junius,  Adrian,  Scholia,     1565 
J  A.     Jacobs,  Frederic, 

Emendations ;  Analecta  ;  Gr. 
Anthology,  1803 

JB.     Jablonski,  Paul  Ernest, 

Egyptian  Pantheon,  &c.  1750 
JD.  •Dousa,  Janus,  Comment.  1600 
JN.  Jani,  Chr.  David,  Horace,  1778 
JO.  Jortin.  John,  D.D.  TracU,  1790 
JS.     •Scaliger,  Joseph  Justus, 

Explanat.;    Ausonius;  Cato; 

Propertius;  Virgil;  Catullus; 

Manilius,  &c.  1607 

K.      ^Kooig,  George  Lewis, 

Claudian,  1803 

KE.   SeeKN. 
KI.    Kirchmanu,  John, 

On  Roman  Funerals,  1605 
KL.  Klotz,  Chr.  Ad.  Tyrtasus,  1767 
KN.  Kennett,  Basil, 

Roman  Antiquities,  1704 

KP.  K6ppen,Jh.Hnr.Just  Homer,  1787 
KU.  Kuster,  Ludolf,  Suidas,         1705 


^  This  is  also  annexed  to  some  of  the  anonymous  Variorum  notes  in  the  former 
part  of  Juvenal. 


INDBX  OF  AUTHORITIES.  xvii 

L.       Looffoliiit,  Paul  Daniel,  PER,  Perizoniui,  Jtmef, 

Pliny  EpisUei,                 1734  i£lian,&c.                       1701 

LA.    Lirclier,  Peter  Henry,  PI,    *Piu8,  John  Baptist, 

Heiodotaa,  &c.                1802  Annotations,                    1520 

U.     ^Lipains,  Justus,  PL,   Platbner,  Gonther  Henry, 

On    the  Military   Affairs   of  Lectures,                          1637 

Rome;  Tadtns;  Seneca,  1607  PM.  ^Plum,  Frederic,                    1827 

LML    Lambin,  Denis,  PO,   *Politian,  Angelo, 

Commentaries    on     Horace ;  Annotations,                    1499 

&c.                               1560  PR.   tPrateas,  Lewis, 

LN,   Lindenbruch,  Frederic,  Dolphin  Edition,              1684 

Notes;  Ammian,             1590  PT.   Patrick.    Simon,   D.D.    (Bishop 

LO,    ^Loensis,  James  Nicholas,  of  Ely) 

Epiphillida,                      1590  Comment  on  Old  Test.    1695 

LU.    *tLnbin,  Eilhard,                 1602  PTH.  •^Pithou,  Peter,                    1585 

LZ,     Lenz, Annal.Liter.Goth.1802  PTR.  Potter,    John,    D.D.   (Abp.   of 

M.       Madan,Martin,  Translation,  1789  Caoterbury) 

MA,    tMarsball,  Thomas,              1723  Lycophron;Greek  Antiq.  1702 

MAR.  MardltuSy  Theodore,  PCTL.* tPofmaDn,  Theod. 


Commentaries  on  Pers.     1601  Annotations;                    1565 

ME,    *Menrsias,  John,  PV.    4Passow,  Francis,                   1808 

Lyoophron ;  Exerc.  Crit.  1597  Q.      Quatremere  de  Quincy,  Ant.ChTys. 

MEN.  Menage,  Giles,  D.  Laert.     1664  Le  Jupiter  Olympien,       1815 

MG.    *Maggi,  Jerome,  R.     fRuperti,  George  Alexander, 

Miscellanies,                    1564  Silius  Italicns,                 1801 

ML     Mitscherlich,  Christoph.  William,  RA.  Rambach,  Jo.  Jacob, 

Horace,                            1800  On  Potter's  Gr.  Arch.      1775 

MIT.  Mitchell,  Thomas,  M.A.  KB.  Rubens,  Albert, 

Aristophanes,                    1820  Antiquities,                      1665 

MNa  ^Mancinellus,  Anthony,  RD.  Rader,  Matth. 

Commentaries,                  1492  Martial,                            1607 

MNS.  Manso,  John  Caspar  Frederic,  REL  Reimar,  Herman  Samuel, 

Observations,                    1812  Dio  Cassius,                     1750 

MNT.  *Manutins,  Aldus,  (the  younger)  REU,  Reuveus,  Caspar  Jac.  Chr. 

QoBSt.                              1564  Collectanea  Lit.  Lagd.     1815 


MS.    Meister,  John  Chrst.  Frd.  RF.    Ruhkopf,  Frd.  £rn.  Seneca,  1800 

Commentary  on  Pers.  1801  RH.  *RhodigiDus,  Lewis  CoeUus, 
MU.   *Moretus,Mark  Anthony  Francis,                    Lectiones  Antique.           1516 

Various  Readings,  &c.  1559  RL   ^^Rigault,  Nicholas.              1613 

MrMMancker,  Thomas,  RK.  Ruhnken,  David, 

Hyginus;  Fulgentios,  1674  -              V.  Paterculus;  Sueton.    1768 

O.        Ondendorp,  Francis  van,  RL,  Raoul,  L.  V. 

Lucan ;  Suetonius,  &c.  1728                    Fr.  Transl.  of  Persius,      1811 

OB.     Oberlio,  Jeremiah  James,  RM,  Ramiresius  de  Prado,  Laurence, 

Tacitus ;  Vib.  Sequens,  1800                    Martial,                            1607 

OL,     Olearins,  Gf.  Philostratus,  1709  RO,  Dillon,  Wentworth, 

OR.     40relli,  John  Caspar,  1833                    (Earl  of  Roscommon)      1660 

OU.     Ouzel,  James,    M.  Felix,  1652  RU,  ^Rutgers,  John, 
OW.    Owen,  Edward,                                               Variae  Lectiones,               1618 

Transl.  of  Juvenal,  1785  SA.    *Saumaise,  Claude, 

P.       *Pierius,  Job.  1540                   Plin.  Exerc.  on  Solinus;  Spar- 
PA.     *Parrhasins,     Janus,     [Joannes                       tiau ;  Vopiscus,  &c.      1689 

Panlus  Parisius]  Epist.  1520  SB,    Stieber,  George  Frd.  Steph. 
Pil A?.  Pan vinius,  Humphrey,                                     Conjectaoea,                     1786 

Antiquities,  &c.  1580  SC.    Scioppius,  Caspar,                   1596 

PAS.  Paseerat,  John,  5C/f.«  ^Schrevelius,  Cornelius, 

Propertius,  1755                    Variorum  Edition,            1648 

PE.    Petit,  Samuel,  5C0. *Scoppa,  Lucius  John, 

Commentaries,  £cc.  1630                   Collectanea,                      1517 

c  Annexed  to  some  of  the  anonymous  Variorum  notes  in  the  latter  part  of  Juvenal. 


XYIII 


INDEX  OF  AUTHORITIES. 


SF.    Schafer,  Godfrey  Henry, 

Sophocles,  &c.  1810 

SG,  *Schegk,  James,  Pram.  1590 
5GN.Schot£[eD,  CbrUtian, 

ColumelU,  1746.  1790 

SIG.  Sigonios,  Charles» 

On  the  Rom.  Cif  il  Law,  1590 
SIm    Schleusner,  John  Frederic, 

Lexicon,  1791 

SM.  Schmid,  Erasmus,  Pindar,  1616 
SN,  Schneider,  John  Theophilus, 

Script.  Rei  Rastic9,  1775 
SP.   Spanheim,  Ezekiel, 

Op  Coins}  Callimachus;  Ju- 
lian, &c.  1670 
SPA.  Spalding,  George  Lewis, 

Quintilian,  1800 

SR,    Schurzfleiich,  Conr.  Sam. 

Animadversions,  1717 

ST.   *t8tephens,  Robert,  1544 

STA.  Stapylton,  Sir  Robert, 

Translation  of  Juvenal,  1647 
STE.  Stelluti,  Francis, 

Italian  Vers,  of  Persius,  1630 
SV.    Servitts  Maurus,  Virgil,  420 

SW.  SchweigbflBuser,  John, 

Appisn  ;  Herodotus  ;  Athe- 
nsus,  1785 

SZ.   Schwartx,  Christian  Theophilus, 

Pliny  Panegyric ;  1735 

7.     *Tumebe,  Adrian, 

Adversaria,  1555 

TA.  Taylor,  John,  LL.D. 

Civil  Law,  1754 

TB.  Taubman,  FrederiCf 

Plantus,  1605 

TH.  ^Thysius,  Anthony, 

Antiquities  and  Miscell.  1653 


n.    Tiraquellus,  Andrew, 

Annotations  on  A.  1594 

TO,   Torrentius,  Laeviaiis» 

Horace;  Suetoftins*  1578 
TZ,  Tzetzes,  Isaac,  LycgphioB,  1546 
U,     Ursinus,  Folvius, 

Uvy;  Vano,  1687 

r.     •t Valla,  George.  1486 

VA.  Valois,  Adrian,  Notes,  1683 

FilL. Valois,  Henry,  Ammian,       1636 
VK.  Valckeniir,  Lewis  Caspar, 

Euripides,  &c.  1768 

VL,  Valois,  Charles,  (son  of  Adr.) 

Notes,  1699 

VO.    *Vos,  Gerard  John, 
— —  Vos,  Gerard, 
—  Vos,  Isaac, 

Virgil;    Paterculus;    Catnl- 
lus,  &c.  1630  6lg, 

VS.    Old  Scholiast 
VU.  Volpi,  John  Anthony, 

Commentary;  Propertius;  Ca- 
tullus. &c  1740 
W.    Wakefield,  GUbert, 

Lucretius,  &c.  1813 

WB.  tWeber,    Ernest    William,    and 

William  Ed.  1825 

WE.  WernsdorfT,  John  Christian, 

Lesser  Latin  Poets,  &c.  1780 
1F£I.  Weichert,  Jonathan  Augustus, 

VaL  Flaccos,  1818 

iri£.Wieland,  Cph.  Mt. 

Horace  ;  Germ.  Vers,  of  Aris- 
tophanes, 1794 
WO.  Wolf,  Fr.  Aug.    Plato,          1812 
WS.  Wesseliog,  Peter, 

Diodorus  Siculus;   Herodotus, 
&c.  1746 


*  These  authors  occur  in  the  Varbrum  List ;  which  also  includes 

BoSthius  (de  Boodt),  Anselm,  1636 

Bond,  John,  1614 

Bongars,  James,  1587 

Bod6,  William,    .  1520 

Carrio,  Lewis,  1604 

Csstalio,  Joseph,  1608 

Crucius,  James,  1600 


Delrio,  Martin  Anthony, 

1580 

Leopardus,  Paul, 

1568 

Manilius 

Marcellinus 

536 

Mercerus,  Nicholas, 

Puteanus,  Erycins, 

1620 

Realinus,  Bernard, 

1600 

t  Editors  of  Juvenal  and  Persius. 
t  Editors  of  Juvenal  only. 
I  Editors  of  Persius  only. 


THE 


SIXTEEN    SATIRES 


OF 


DECIMUS  JUNIUS  JUVENALIS. 


The  Satires  of  Juveiial  are  wmetimeB  divided  iDto  fire  Books :  of  which 
Book  I  cootains  Satires  i— v ;  Book  II,  Sat  vi ;  Book  III,  Sat.  Tii— Iz  ;  Book  IV, 
Sat.  X — ^in  ;  and  Book  V,  Sat.  ziii — xvi. 


THE 


SATIRES 


OF 


DECIMUS  JUNIUS  JUVENALIS. 


SATIRE    I. 


ARGUMENT. 

This  Satire  was  probably  composed  subsequently  to  most  of  the  others, 
and  as  a  kind  of  Introduction;  it  was,  apparently,  written  at  that 
period  of  life,  when  the  dignity  derived  from  years  and  the  intrepidity 
of  conscious  rectitude  entitled  the  Poet  to  assume  a  tone  of  authority. 

He  breaks  silence  with  an  impassioned  complaint  of  the  clamorous  impor- 
tunity of  bad  poets,  and  with  the  humorous  resolution  of  paying  them  off 
in  their  own  coin  by  turning  writer  himself,  1  sqq.  After  ridiculing  the 
frivolous  taste  of  his  contemporaries  in  the  choice  of  their  subjects,  /•  52. 
he  intimates  his  own  determination  to  devote  himself  wholly  to  Satire; 
to  which  he  declares,  with  all  the  warmth  of  virtuous  indignation,  that 
he  is  driven  by  the  vices  of  the  age,  19.  30.  52.  03.  79. 

He  then  exposes  the  profligacy  of  the  women,  22.  69.  the  luxury  of  up- 
starts, 24.  the  baseness  of  informers  32.  and  fortune-hunters,  37*  the 
treachery  of  guardians,  45.  the  peculation  of  public  officers,  47-  and  the 
general  corruption  of  manners,  55.  73. 

Kindling  with  his  theme,  he  censures  the  general  avidity  for  gaming,  87. 
the  selfish  gluttony  of  the  patricians,  .04.  135.  their  sordid  avarice, 
100.  1 17.  and  the  abject  state  of  poverty  and  dependence  in  which  they 
kept  their  clients  and  retainers,  132 — 14G. 

Finally,  he  makes  some  bitter  reflections  on  the  danger  of  satirizing  living 
villainy,  150.  and  concludes  with  a  determination  to  elude  its  vengeance 
by  attacking  it  under  the  names  of  the  dead,  1 70. 

In  this  as  in  every  other  Satire,  Juvenal's  great  aim  is  to  expose  and  reprove 
vice,  hatrever  sanctioned  by  custom  or  countenanced  by  the  great.  G,  R, 


II 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  I. 


Semper  ego  auditor  tantum  ?  numquamne  reponam, 
Vexatus  toties  rauci  Theseide  Codri  ? 
Impune  ergo  mihi  recitaverit  ille  togatas. 
Hie  elegos  ?  impune  diem  consumserit  ingens 
5  Telephus?  aut  summi  plena  jam  margine  libri 
Scriptus  et  in  tergo,  nee  dum  finitus  Orestes  ? 


1.  The  Romans  were  io  the  habit  of 
reciting  their  literary  productions  either 
in  private  circles,  or  m  public  assemblies. 
The  latter  were  held  sometiraes  in  the 
temple  of  Apollo,  sometimes  in  spacious 
mansions,  either  hired,  or  lent  for  the 
purpose  by  a  wealthy  patron,  who  ex- 
pected the  attendance  of  his  clients  and 
dependents  to  swell  the  audience  and 
applaud  the  author,  cf.  vii.  40.  Pers. 
prol.  7.  Hor.  I  S.  iv.  73.  M.  I  S.  iii. 
86.  II  E.  ii.  67.  A  very  picturesque 
passage  of  Pliny  describes  the  listlessness 
which  pervaded  such  meetings :  UiUe 
cunetanterque  veniuntt  nee  tatnen  per^ 
matient,  sed  ante  Jinem  recedunt ;  alii  dis' 
simulanter  et  furtimt  alii  nmplieiter  et 
libere;  I  E.  xSi.  G.  PR.  II  E.  xiv.  R. 

*  Repottere*  is  a  metaphor  taken  from 
repayment  of  a  debt  incurred :  poimm 
jam  repetere  receuum,  et  scribere  aliquid, 
qiu)d  nOH  recitem ;  ne  vid&ir,  quorum  reci' 
tationibus  adfuit  non  auditor  fuisse,  sed 
creditor :  nam  ut  in  caterii  rebuSg  ita  in 
andiendi  officio,  perit  gratia  si  reposcatur ; 
Plin.  I  E.  Gil.  It  IS  equivalent  to  par 
pari  rrferre,  PR,  as  ira  est  eupiditas  do- 
loris  reponendi ;  Sen.  de  I.  i,  3.  HK* 

2.  Horace  amusingly  describes  the  per- 
tinacity of  these  declaimers,  A.  P.  474 
aqq.  PA. 

*  The  Theseid*  was  an  epic  poem,  of 
i||iich  Theseus  was  the  hero.  In  like  man- 
Mr  we  have  the  Odysseis  of  Homer,  the 
>Cneix  of  Virgil ,  the  i4c/n7/eu  of  Statins,  &c. 

Of  this  Codrus  little  is  known ;  be  is 
probably  different  from  the  Codrus  men- 
tioned iii.  203.  G.  He  is  '  hoarse'  from 
constant  recitation  {FA,  cf.  vi.  515. 
Mart.  1 V.  viii.  2.  X.  v.  4.  H.)  and  pom- 
pous declamation.  Pralfgat  ut  tumidus 
rauea  te  voce  magitter;  Mart.  VIII.  iii. 
15.  cf.  Pers.  i.  14.  HK, 

3.  Accoidingto  Lydus  (de  Mag.  i.  40.) 
the  ftuiif  (or  Ftdtula)  was- divided  into 
(U  T^ay^ia,  and  (II)  Kif/^ia:  Tfa- 
yfim  was  subdivided  into  (i)  K#ffri)ir«*, 
and  (ii)  n^wri^riCr*  <>,  according  as  the 
stories  were  Greek  or  Roman :  Ksi^^im 
into  (i)  naXXi«r«  ^  (Greek,  as  in  Terence 
after  Mcnander),  (ii)  T«yiir«^  (Roman, 


as  in  Afranius,  VS.),  (iii)  *AriXA«f«^ 
(farce,  acted  by  amateurs),  vi.  71.  (iv) 
Tmfii^f ofim  ^  (low  comedy) ,  ( v  )  *?ifi§nt»h  ^ 
(burlesque  tragedy),  (ti)  nxmfi^s^m  ^ 
(the  actors  wore  the  reciniumt  see  F.) 
viii.  191.  and  (vii^  Msfumii  (low  farce, 
acted  by  mummers).  (*)  From  the  ac- 
tors wearing  )aimkt  M^nThtf,  (b)  From 
the  respective  dresses,  pratexta,  pallium, 
and  toga.  JS.  (<)  From  Atella,  a  town 
of  the  Osci,in  Campania.  F,  (^)  Because 
'  shopkeepers,  &c.*  were  the  classes  repre- 
sented. (^)  From  Rhintho,  one  of  the 
authors.  (^  From  being  acted  not  on  a 
raised  sta^.  REU.  Prcetexta  and  Togata 
aresometimes  used  as  the  generic  term* 
for « Tragedy'  and '  Comedy ;'  Hor.  A.  P. 
287.  cf.  Virg.  JE.  i.  286.  PR.  R. 

4.  These  poems  consisted  of  hexameter 
aod  pentameter  verses  alternately,  which 
metre  b  hence  called  *  elegiac'  cf.  Hor« 
A.  P.  75  sqq.  M.  cf.  Pen.  i.  51.  HR. 

Consumserit  [Livy  xxvii,  13,  3.  ED,"] 
Auditur  totostspe  poeta  die ;  Mart. VIII. 
Ixx.  10.  PR.     Ingens, '  bulky,  lengthy, 
pompous ;'  cf.  Hor.  A.  P.  96  sq.  A. 

5.  TelephuSt  son  of  Hercules  and  Au^, 
the  hero  of  this  tedious  tragedy,  waaa  kmg 
of  Mysia,  who  was  mortally  wounded  by 
the  spear  of  Achilles,  but  afterwards 
healed  by  the  rust  of  the  same  weapon. 
Ov.  Tr.  V.  ii.  15.  PR.  Vulnus  et  auxi- 
Hum  Peiuu  hasta  tulit ;  Ov.  R.  A.  47  sq. 
LU. 

It  was  usual  to  leave  '  a  margin/  and 
not  to  write  on  the  outside  or  '  back'  of 
the  parchment.  LU.  cf.  Mait.  VUI.  Ixii. 
PR.  Sidon.  Ap.  viii.  16.  G  A.  margo,  io 
Ovid,  is  masculine.  VS,  Liber  primarily 
means  '  the  inner  bark  of  a  tree ;'  hence 
it  was  secondarily  applied  to  '  a  book 
made  of  that  rind,'  and  afterwards  to '  any 
book,'  whatever  the  materials  of  it  might 
be.  M.  Folium  experienced  a  correspond- 
ing succession  of  significations.  F. 

6.  Seenia  agitatus  Orestes,  Virg.  M,  iv« 
471.  son  of  Agamemnon  and  Clytsmnes- 
tra,  figures  conspicuously  in  many  an  ex- 
tant tragedy ;  the  Choephorce  and  Eume- 
nides  of  i^schylus,  the  EJcctra  of  Sopho- 
cles, the  Orestes,  the  Iphigenia  in  Tauris, 


SAT.  I.  OF  JUVENAL.  3 

Nota  magis  nulli  domus  est  sua,  quam  mihi  lucus 
Martis  et  .^Soliis  vicinum  rupibus  antrum 
Vulcani.     Quid  agant  venti,  quas  torqueat  umbras 

10  iEacus,  unde  alius  furtivsB  devehat  aurum 
Pelliculae,  quantas  jaculetur  Monychus  omos, 
Frontonis  platani  convulsaque  marmora  clamant 
Semper  et  assiduo  ruptas  lectore  columnae. 
Exspectes  eadem  a  summo  minimoqiie  poeta  ! 

15  Et  no8  ergo  manum  ferulae  subduximus,  et  nos 

and  tiMElectm  of  Eiiri|ndeB.  PR.  cf.Hor.  and  carried  off  '  the  golden  fleece'  uu- 

A.  P.  U4.  II  &  tii.  132  tqq.  known  to  i£etes.  GR,    Argooautics 

7.    HtU  has  imitated  this  pasMge;  were  composed  by  Orpheus  and  Apol- 

"  No  man  his  threshold  better  knows,  lonios  among  the  Greeks,  and  Valerius 

tkan  I  Brute's  firrt  anxval  and  his  vie-  Flaccus  among  the  latins.  PR,    Our 

toffy.  Si.  Geom's  sorrel  and  his  cross  of  author,  who  hated  the  Flavian  Caunily, 

Mood.  Aftbors  rosnd  board,  or  Gale-  might  be    prejudiced   against  Flaccus, 

donian  wood ;  But  so  to  fill  up  books,  who  paid  them  court.  G. 
both  back  uid  side.  What  boots  it,  &c."        11.    Mmyehus,  (^wf    'single'    ov^ 

G.    Temio  auUut  ute  quam  mium  nometi ;  '  hoof  PR,)  the  Centaur,  distinguished 

Mart.  IV.  xzxTiL  7.    Bmrrw  rn^HftM  himself  in   combat  with   the   I^ptthae. 

Xmm0TH  a^rm  (rm  ^mS^)  WoJJw  cf.  Ov.  Met.  xiL  499  sqq.  V.  Flac.  i. 

«w  ww^.  •  wkt  'Q(l#rM  ««)  U9Xj£Uo  145  sqq.  GRM,    Atpera  U  PhoU>e$fran' 

WfS^  kyniiruv  Luc.  Tox.  6.  R,  gentem,  Monyehe,  taxa ;  teque  tub  CEtao 

*  Tbegrore  of  Man'  might  be  that  in  torquentem  vertice  vuUas,   Rhaee  ferox, 

lua  gave  birth  to  Romulus  and  quas  vix  Boreas  iuwerteret,  omos ;  Luc.  vi. 


Remus,  the  twin  sons  of  Mars :  VS,  or  388  sqq.  R. 

any  one  of  the  numerous  groves  of  this        12.  Julius  Fronto,  a  munificent  patron 

n;  EG,  as  iueut  Diana  is  used,  Hor.  of  literature,  L(f.  was  thrice  consul,  and 

.  16.  cf.  P^.  L  70.  PR,  a  colleague  of  Trajan.    His  mansion  and 

8.  '  Tbe  £olian  rocks,'  or  Volcanian  grounds  were  thrown  open  to  the  public. 
isbods,  were  seven  in  number,  and  are  PR.  G.     We  find  the  house  of  Mae^S 
BOW  called  the  Lipari    isles.  GR,  cf.  Umut,  vii.  40.  and  that  of  SteUa,  Mart. 
Virg.  ^.  i.  56  sqq.  M.  Luc.  v.  609.  A.  IV.  vi.  5.  lent  for  similar  re^arsali 

9.  '  Tho  cave  of  Vulcan'  and  the  The  name  of  Fronto  was  coi^c 
Cyclops,  in  Bf onot  JEXjm,  ;  cf.  xiii.  45.  many  Romans.  R, 
Vifv.  AL,  viiL  416  sqq.  GR,  *  rlane-trees,'  on  account  of  their 

Tedious  descriptions  of  the  natural  uriant  shade,  were  great  favourites 


agency  of  '  the  Winds'  may  be  alluded  the  ancients,  cf.  Plat.  Phaedr.  p.  388.  A. 

to;  or  Cables  of  the  loves  of  Boreas  and  Cic.  de  Or.  I.  vii.  28.  Prop.  II.  xxxii. 

Ofithyia,  Ov.  M.  vi  238.  M.  A.  of  Ze-  U  sqq.  HR,  R, 

pkyntt  and  Chloris,  &c.  I'be  '  marbles*  were  either  those  with 

10.   The   sbosts  were  tortured   into  which  the  walls  were  built,  or  inlaid  ; 

confession;   Viig.  M,  vi.  566  sqq.  M.  Bi?/.  or  the  marble  pavements,  columns, 

Some  dtvkle  tbe  duties   of  the   three  and  statues  of  Fronto's  villa.  M,    Con- 

jni%cs   of  hell,  making   the    office  of  vulsa,  clamant,  and  rvptce  must  be  taken 

RndamanthoB  inquisitorial,  that  of  Mi-  hyperbolically,  as  cantu  quentla  r  u  m- 

■os  jndida],  and  that  of   .£acus  ex-  pent  arbusta  cieadiey  Virg.  G.  iii.  328. 

ecntive.    PA.      Others  supposed    that  GRjE. 

iEaces,  as  an  European,  was  the  judge  14.  Scrihimus  indocti  doctique  poemuta 

of  EniDpean  shades;  but  that  Minos  and  passim ;  Flor.  II  £.  i.  117.  BHL    Mar- 

Rhndamaadius,   who    were   natives   of  tial    appears    to    have    entertained    an 

Asia«  judged  the  Asiatics.  Plato  in  exlr,  equally  mean  opinion  of  thc«c  hackneyed 

Gorg.  9t  min.  R.  subjects :  IV.  xlix.  X.  iv.  G, 

Jason  doped  IroB  Colchis  with  Modea,  15.  Juvenal  means  that  he  had  known 


4  THE  SATIRES  sat.  i. 

Consilium  dedimus  Sullce,  privatus  ut  altum 

Dormiret     Stulta  est  dementia,  quum  tot  ubique 

Vatibus  occurras,  periturae  parcere  chartae. 
Cur  tamen  hoc  potius  libeat  decurrere  campp, 
20  Per  quem  magntis  equos  Auruncee  flexit  alumnus, 

Si  vacat  et  placidi  rationem  admittitis,  edam. 

Quum  tener  uxorem  ducat  spado,  Maevia  Tuscuni 

Figat  aprum  et  nuda  teneat  venabula  mamma; 

Patricios  omnes  opibus  quum  provocet  unus, 
25  Quo  tondente  gravis  juveni  mihi  barba  sonabat ; 

Quum  pars  Niliacae  plebis,  quum  vema  Canopi 

what  it  wai  to  be  a  schoolboy.     Ferula  Spectacula  magn^iea  amdui  et  sump' 

trittes,  Keptra  padagogarum.  Mart.    X.  tuota    edidit    (^Domiiianus)  ; — venatiatM 

Ixii.   10.    were  used  as  '  the   cane'  to  gtadiatoretquei^^necvirorummodapugnat, 

punish  scholars  by  striking  them  across  sed  et  feminarum  ;  Suet.  Dom.  4.  cf.  vi. 

the  palm.  PR,    It  was  natural  for  boys  246  sqq.  Mart.  Spect  ep.  vi.  Tac.  Ao. 

to  withdraw  their  hand  when  the  blow  xv.  33.  Stat  Sylv.  I.  vi.  53.     Severus 

was  coming.  M .  put  a  stop  to  this  disgraceful  practice : 

ErgOf  *  with  that  object  in  view.'  R.  Xiphil.  Sev.  Ixxv.  16.  BRL  LL    Mavia 

16.    Boys  were  taught   Uhetoric  by  denotes  no  individual  in  particular.  A. 

having  a  thesis  proposed  on  which  they  '  The   Tuscan  boars'   were  said  to  be 

were  to  take  the  opposite  sides  of  the  peculiarly  fierce.   GR/E.    The  epithet, 

question,  cf.  vii.  150  sqq.  Senec.  Suas.  nowever,  may  be  merely  ornamental,  as 

iii.  T.  vi.  vii.    Ciceroni  dahimus  consilium,  Marsu  s  aper ;  Hor.  1  Od.  i.  28.  JR. 

tit  Antonium  roget,  vel  Philippicas  exurat ;  23.  Such  was  the  costume  both  of  the 

Quint.  III.  viii.  46.   R.     The  subject  Amazons  and  of  huntresses;  as  of  Pen> 

which  Juvenal  had  to  handle  was  of  the  thesilea,  Virg.  2E.  i.  492.  of  Camilla.  Id. 

deliberative  kind,  advising  L.  Corn.  Sulla  xi.  649.  of  Asbyte,  Sil.  ii.  78.  and  of 

to  retire  from   public  life.      SuUa  did  Diana;  Id.  xii.  715.  R. 

resign  the  perpetual  dictatorship;    and  24.  Tlie  person  here  meant  is  either 

fied  the  following  year.    For  hb  cha-  Licinus  the  freedman  and  barber  of  Au- 

racter,  lee  Sail.  B.  J.  and  Val.  Maxim,  gustus,  (Hor.  A.  P.  301.);  or  rather 

ii.  2.  LU.   PR*      Prince   Heniy  thus  Cinnamus,  (x.  225.)  gut  ton lor/iierat 

troplmes  his  father's  crown:  "Golden  tola  notiuimut  urbe,  et  post  hac  dominee 

!     That  keep'st  the  ports  of  slumber  munere  f actus  equu;    Mart.  VII.  Ixiv. 

I  wide  To  many  a  watchful  night! —  GR^,  PR, 

eep  with  it  now!  Yet  not  so  sound,  25.  This  line  recurs  x.  226.  GRJE. 

and  half  so  d  e  e  p  1  y  sweet,  As  he,  whose  It  is  a  parody  on  candidior  pottquam  ton" 

brow,  with  homely  biggin  bound,  Snores  denti  barba  cadebat ;  Vifg.  £•  i.  29.  PR. 

out  the  watch  of  night;"  K.  H.  iv.  pt.  ii.  The  term  juvenis  extendi  to  the  middle 

A.  I V.  sc.  iv.  period  of  life,  which  the  words  gravis  and 

19.  The  metaphor  is  taken  from  the  sonabat  seem  to  denote.  The  satirist  is 
chariot  races  in  the  Campus  Martius,  M,  pointing  out  the  rapid  rise  of  his  quondam 
or  in  the  Circensian  games,  cf,  Ov.  Fast,  tonsor.  G. 

ii.  360.  iv.  10.  vi.  586,  &c.  R.  26.  The  condition  of  vema  was  lower 

20.  '  Lucilius,'  a  native  of  Suessa,  than  that  of  wrviij,  as  being  born  to  ser* 
(which  was  afterwards  called  S.  Aurunca,  vitude.  The  latter  name  is  derived  from 
from  the  A  urunci  migrating  thither  when  servare,  because  generals  used  to  give 
pressed  by  a  war  with  the  Sidicini,)  was  quarter  to  their  enemies,  and  '  save'  pri- 
the  first  regular  satirist.  JS,  LU,  G,  He  soners  in  order  to  sell  them  :  Florent. 
wrote  thirty  books.  R.  Dig.  I.  v.  4.      The  former  name  waa 

22.  Roman  ladies  '  married  eunuchs'  originally  given  to  those  born  during  ver 
to  avoid  having  a  family,  vi.  368.  BRL      sacrum',  Nonn.  i.  206.  it  having  b^n  a 


SAT.  I.  OF  JUVENAL,  6 

Ciispinus,  Tyrias  humero  revocante  lacemas, 
Vendlet  aestivum  digitis  sudantibus  aurum, 
Nee  sufferre  queat  majoris  pondera  gemmae : 
30  Difficile  est  Satiram  non  scribere.     Nam  quis  iniquse 
Tarn  patiens  Urbis,  tarn  ferreus,  ut  teneat  se, 
Causidid  nova  quum  veniat  lectica  MathoQis 

castom  mmong  the  people  of  Italy  in  great  Psych.  186  sqq.  R.  Or  that,  the  wea- 
caBergendet  to  devote  to  the  Gods  what-  ther  being  hot,  the  mantle  was  not  fast- 
ever  sboold  be  bora  during  the  next  ened)  therefore  the  shoulder  endea- 
spring.  Paul,  tx  Fest.  F.  Such  victims  voured  by  shrugging  to  hoist  up  and 
raaembled  the  Chntm  of  the  Hebrews,  cf,  replace  the  robe ;  which  was  as  constantly 
Judges  zi.  [Livv  xxii,  10 ;  9,  11.  £D.]    slippbg  off  from  it,  and  the  more  so  from 

CsMfwj,  sot  nr  from  Alexandria,  was  the  waving  of  the  arm  to  and  fro,  28. 
DoCorioas  for  a  temple  of  Serapis,  and  the  M.  as  well  as  itom  the  awkwardness  of  a 
scene  of  every  grossness  and  debauchery,  wearer  but  newly  accustomed  to  such 
FA.  vi,  84.  A.  zv.  46.  PA.  This  city  finery.  A.  The  most  simple  interpre- 
was  Imilt  by  Blenelaus  and  named  after  tation  seems  to  be  that  the  delicate 
hit  pike.  VS,  shoulder,  which  in  winter  had  laid  aside 

27.  Crispinus  rose,  under  Nero,  from  its  summer  mantles  for  warmer  cloaks, 
tbe  coodition  of  a  slave,  to  riches  and  now,  with  the  change  of  weather,  *  re- 
boiMMirs.  Hisconnezioowith  that  monster  sumed' its  thinner  robes :  revocare  being 
reconmieiided  him  to  Domitian,  with  opposed  to  omi/(«re;  Suet.  Vesp.  16.  if  A. 
wbom  he  seems  to  have  been  in  high  to intermittere;  CicT.Q.i.  l.toaf}ii<(«r«; 
Cavouf:  be  shared  his  counsels,  ministered  Id,  Fam.  viL  26  fin.  and  signifying  in 
to  his  amusements,  and  was  the  ready  usum  redueere:  cf.  ii.  30.  Hor.  IV  Od. 
ioatrunent  of  his  cruelties.  For  these,  zv.  12.  Suet.  Claud.  22.  Tac.  An.  i. 
and  other  causes,  Juvenal  regarded  him    20.  F. 

vriifa  perfect  detestation :  and  whenever  28.  The  Romans  were  so  effemioate  as 
be  iobodnoes  him,  (which  he  does  on  all  to  wear  a  lighter  ring  in  warm  weather:  T, 
occasiDBS,)  it  is  with  mingled  contempt  Plin.  zzziii.  1.  PA.  and  even  this  '  suro- 
and  horror.  Here  he  is  not  only  a  mer  ring*  ((evts  annului;  Mart.  V.  lii. 
*  NiKacan,' (an  ezpression  which  con>  5.  GAi£.)  was  oppresuvely  hot :  cf.  vi. 
veyed  more  to  Juvenal's  mind  than  it  259  sqq.  quod  tener  digitu$  ferr«  reeum, 
does  to  OUTS,)  but  a '  Canopian,'  a  native  onus ;  Ov.  Am.  II.  zvi.  32.  R.  v.  BO,  p, 
of  the  most  profligate  spot  m  Egypt :  not  412.  Servants  wore  an  iron  ring,  pie- 
only  one  of  the  dregs  of  the  people,  but  a  beians  one  of  silver,  and  those  of  eques- 
■lave ;  and  not  only  a  slave,  but  a  slave  trian  rank  a  golden  one.  Freedmen  were 
bom  of  a  slave !  Hence  the  poet's  iodig-  allowed  to  wear  the  latter,  if  they  had  an 
nation  at  his  effeminate  luzury.  G.  equestrian  estate,  but  were  not  considered 

The  '  Tyrian'  purple  vras  a  very  ez-  actual  knights.  PL,  Ventilare  may  mean 
pensive  dye:  z.  38.  GAO.  iii,  81.  the  'to  take  on  from  the  finger  and  fan  back- 
most costly  dresses  were  twice  dipt;  tn-  wards  and  forwards  in  order  to  cool  it ;' 
dmtft  Turuy  bit  ttMClam  muriee  paltam ;  BRI.  or  '  to  wave  the  hand,  affectedly. 
Or.  F.  li.  107.  Laoema,  62.  iz.  28.  to  and  fro  in  the  air,  in  order  to  show  off 
wgnififfl  a  'loose  upper  mantle,'  also  the  ring:*  ytXtTa  $»  wXtvT»v9Tu,»ai  rkf 
called  AtUai  GRJS,  nneit  eui  dederit  wt^^y^ihit  «'(«^«/v«frif|  mmi  w»¥t  ^«»vv- 
Tyrktm  CrUpinuM  abolUxm,  dum  mutat  X§vt  wftruftvrw  Luc.  Nigr.  21.  A. 
ra/iM,  iic  Martial  VIII.  xlviii.  G.  30.  Cf.  Hor.  II  S.  i.  A. 

RmeanU  has  been  variously  inter*  31.  Ovid.  Am.  II.  v.  11.  Tib.  II.  iii. 
prated.  It  may  mean  that  the  cloak  was  2.  vHn^ip^ :  ferrta  peetora ;  vii.  150.  ilii 
looped  np  and  festened  on  the  shoulder  robur  et  <bs  triples  circa  ptetus  erat ;  Hor. 
by  a  clasp :  GAO.  fibula  mordad  re-  I  Od.  iii.  9.  A.  Mart.  XI.  zxvii.  1. 
y«#«j  «  p§etar9  vMet  dent$  cap  it;  32.  These  '  litters'  resembled  oriental 
Sidon.  u.  396.  Ac  vocal  fulvat  in  palanquins:  they  were  fitted  up  with 
}Met#rf  jmKcs  ;  Chuidian.  in  Ruf.  ii.  79.  couches  on  which  grandees  or  ladies 
cf.   Eurnd*  in  Evtr.  ii.   183.  Prudent,    reclined,  and  were  carried  by  six  or  eight 


6 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  I* 


Plena  ipso  ?  post  hunc  magni  delator  amici 
Et  cito  raptunis  de  nobilitate  coxnesa, 
35  Quod  superest,  quern  Massa  timet,  quern  munere  palpat  / 

Cams  et  a  trepido  Thnoele  submissa  Latino?    J^^    JitH4\ 
Quum  te  submoveant,  "qiii  testamenta  merentur 
Noctibus,  in  coelum  quos  evehit  optima  summi 


slaves:  64.  PR.  Itf.  Recent  $eUa 
UnUiique  hritque;  Mart*  II.  Wii.  6.  FA» 
Matho,  Tii.  129.  xi.  34.  was  starving  as 
a  '  lawyer/  and  thereupon  turned  in* 
former,  which  he  found  a  more  profitable 
trade ;  he  has  now  set  up  his  sedan,  and 
is  grown  so  immoderately  Cat  as  to '  fill  it 
himself.'  cf.  136.  VS.  BRI.  G.  Martial 
often  attacks  him :  IV.  Ixxz.  Ixxxi.  VIII. 
xlii.  X.  xlvi.  XI.  Ixviii.  PA. 

33.  Either  (1)  Heliodorus,  the  Stoic, 
who  laid  an  information  against  his 
puDtl  L.  Junius  Silanus:  or  (2)  Egnatius 
Celer,  the  Philosopher  who  denounced 
his  pupil  Barea  Soranus  to  Nero,  iii.  1 16. 
and  was  afterwards  himself  condemned 
under  Vespasian  on  the  «ccusation  of 
Musonius  Kufiis :  or  (3)  Demetrius  the 
lawyer,  who  laid  informations  against 
several  in  Nero's  reign:  VS,  or  (4) 
M.  Regulus,  who  became  formidable  to 
'  the  Emperor's  friends'  as  well  as  his 
own ;  BR[,  omnium  Inpedum  nsguustmuf; 
see  Pliny  L  6.  20.  ii.  5.  20.  iv.  2.  7.  vi. 
2.  Tac.  Hist  iv.  42.  cf.  magna  amkitia ; 
iv.  74.  vi.  669.  313.  PR.  R.  The 
difficulty  of  fixing  on  any  particular 
name  afiwds  matter  for  melancholy  re- 
flectbn.  That  so  many  should  at  the 
sane  period  be  guilty  of  the  complicated 
crimes  of  treachery  and  ingratitude,  gives 
a  dreadful  picture  of  the  depravity  then 
prevalent  in  Rome.  G. 

34.  The  nobili^  were  ruined  by  pro- 
scriptions and  confiscations;  Lr/.  and  the 
informers  came  in  for  their  share  of  the 
spoil.  PR. 

36.  Hi  tunt,  quot  timtnt  etiam  ^ut 
timentur ;  Sidon.  £p.  v.  7.  H. 

Mai$a,  Carut,  and  Latinus  were  freed- 
men  of  Nero  and  notorious  informers. 
The  two  former  were  put  to  death  on  the 
information  of  Heliodoros,  although  they 
had  given  him  hush-money.  The  latter 
was  executed  on  suspicion  of  having  in- 
trigued with  Messalina.  VS.  [But  these 
particulars  are  questionable.]  Bsbius 
Massa  was  proscculqd  for  malepractices  in 


his  government  of  Bsetica,  and  condemned 
to  refund  his  peculations.  Though  he 
contrived  to  elude  the  sentence,  he  ceased 
to  be  powerful,  and  is  stigmatised  as  a 
thief  by  Martial,  XII.  xxix.  Mettius 
Cams  started  later  in  the  same  line»  and 
outlived  his  success,  falling  into  poverty 
and  contempt.  Tac.  Hist.  iv.  60.  Ae. 
46.  Plin.  i.  6.  iii.  4.  vi.  29.  vii.  19» 
27,  33.  &c.  Mart.  XII.  xxv.  6.  PR. 
R.  G. 

Palpare  is  properly  applied  to  horses. 
Horace  uses  the  same  metaphor  in  speak- 
ing of  Augustus;  cui  maU  ti  palpere,  r«- 
ctUeitrat  undique  tutut ;  II  S.  i.  20.  R. 

36.  ThvmeU  (#v/»U«  '  the  raised  plat- 
form of  the  stage')  was  an  actress  and 
celebrated  dancer,  and,  some  say,  the 
wife  of  Latinus.  vi.  66.  viii.  197.  Mart. 
I.  V.  6.  IX.  xxix.  Suet.  Dom.  16.  She 
was  '  sent  privately'  to  propitiate  the  in- 
former either  by  presents,  or  by  artifices, 
or  by  more  disreputable  means.  Even 
Latinus  the  Emperor's  favourite  was 
obliged  to  resort  to  such  an  expedient  for 
deprecating  ruin.  BRI.  GRE.  PR.  R, 
There  is  an  allusion  to  the  plot  of  some 
well-known  piece  in  which  Latinus,  who 
acted  the  ffaflant,  deputes  Thymele,  who 
personified  the  lady  with  whom  he  had 
intrigued,  to  extricate  him  from  the  Mrape 
with  her  jealous  and  incensed  muse.  T. 
If  so,  we  should  read  ut  for  et.  Ovid  fives 
the  ordinary  dramatis  penona  of  these 
mimes  (1)  euUut  aduUer,  (2)  eallidA 
nuptOf  (3)  stuUus  vir,  and  reprcii)ates  the 
immorality  of  pieces,  in  which,  eumfrfeUii 
anant  aliqua  novitate  maritum,  ptaiudituri 
Tr.  ii.  497  sqq.  (  See  the  note  on  vi.  42 — 
44.)  Seen<B  saUi  inverecundot,  agentium 
itropkat,aduUerorumfaUaeiai, — ipsotquo^  • 
que  patrtsfamiUas  togatet,  mode  Uupidoif 
moda  obtcanos ;  Cypr.  de  Spect.  p.  4.  cf . 
viii.  192.  197.  v.  171.  HR. 

37.  '  Supplant  thee,  the  heir  at  law.' 
LU. 

33*  Noctibut  i.  e. '  by  administering  to 
the  guilty  pleasures  of  Uie  testatrix.*  Af. 


SAT.  I.  OF  JUVENAL. 

Nunc  via  processus;  vetulse  vesica  beatse  ? 

40  Undolam  Proculejus  habet,  sed  Gillo  deuncem, 
Partes  quisque  suas  ad  mensui^m  inguinis  heres. 
AccipifiU;  sane  mercedem  sanguinis  et  sic 
P^eat,  ut  nudis  pressit  qui  calcibus  anguem, 
Aut  Lugdunensem  rhetor  dicturus  ad  aram. 

45       Quid  referam,  quanta  siccum  jecur  ardeat  ira, 

Quutn  populum  gregibus  comitum  premit  hie  spoliator 
PupjUi  prostantb  ?  et  hie  damnatus  inani 
Judicio  (quid  enim  salvis  infamia  numis?) 
Ezsul  ab  octava  Marius  bibit  et  fhutur  Dis 


/«  eadum  '  to  the  height  of  their  ambi-  LU.    '  The  altar  at  Lyons'  was  at  the 

tion  ;*  thna  mnt  quot  palma  nofri/ti  term-  conflaence  of  the  Soane  aod  the  Rhone, 

nan  dtmimottaikitmd  i>rof,and  me  docta'  where  the  abbey  of  Asnay  now  stands. 

ram  ktdtrm  preumim  frontium  Dit  mitcent  This  has  been  looked  upon  as  a  sacred 

Mprrit,  and  tptcd  ti  me  lyricu  vatibut  in-  spot  from  the  earliest  ages.    After  the 

Mru^mblmi  feriam  ridera  vmrtice;  Hor.  subjection  of  the  country,  the  natives 

I  Od.  i.  built  a  temple  and  altar  here  to  Augustus, 

39.  'The  pmriency  of  soine  wealthy  and  renewed  the  ancient  festival,  to  which 
beldame.'  iv.  4.  bmUut  occurs  in  the  same  there  was  annually  a  great  resort  cf.  Dio 
seMe;  o.  67.  vi.  304.  Ov.  Am.  L  xv.  liv.  lii.  19.  Strab.  iv.  Suet.  Claud.  2. 
34.  SL  i.  009.  A.  R.  G. 

40.  The  Romans  divided  property  as  45.  The  ancients  considered  the '  liver* 
they  did  the  es,  the  jugtrum,  &c.  mto  as  the  seat  of  the  passions :  f erven*  di/HcUi 
twelve  parts  or  uncke ;  which  were  com-  bile  tumet  jeeur ;  Hor.  I  Od.  liii.  4. 
puled  tbue,  ^«iim,  -fg  {^^)  eexUint,  torrere  jeeur;    IV   Od.  i.  12.  M.  facU 

igmmcunxt  A  (""l)  semit,  Jm  uptunx,  incendente  Jeruntur  jtreseipites ;  vi.  647* 

A  r  »i)  Sm,  X  (»|)  dodranf,  1%  cf.  vii.  117.  xiii.  14.  181.  Pers.  i.  12.  25. 

(  »f)  dextmu,  4  ("  1  -  A)  deunx,  iL  13.  v.  129.  Claud.  IV.  Cons.  Hon. 

41  (  si)  «.  7.    Hence  herei  ex  am  was  240  sqq.  Horn.  II.  A  81.  I  550.  CAS. 

ooe  to  whom  an  entire  estate  fell»  (Mart.  R. 

VII.  Um.)  ketet  ex  devnee  one  who  had        46.  Quem  grex  togatut  sequitur ;  Mart. 

all  bat  one  twelfth,  &«r«i  ex  uncia  one  II.  Ivii.   5.     Comites  (v.   119.)  denotes 

who  inherited  one  twelfth  only,  heret  ex  '  retainers,  dependents,  clients,  &c.'  R^ 

miteiola  one  who  had  even  less  than  that,  whereas  socii  are  '  equals.'  cf.   Hor.  I 

R.  ct  Hor.  A.  P.  325  sqq.  Od.  vii.  26. 

PreemlffuM  and  Cillo  were  two  noted        47.  Rather  pupilUe:  cf.  iii.  65.  vi.  123. 

panmoars  of  these  old  ladies.  M.  iz.  24.  iL   *  Reduced  to  seek  a  wretched 

41.  'In  proportion  to  his  powers.'  livelihood  by  prostitution.'  PR. 

42.  ScirgiitNti  i.  «.  *  of  Uie  ruin  of  his  Mariut  Priteus,  proconsul  of  Africa, 
bcaltb  and  constitution.'  M.  '  was  tried  in  the  thiitl  year  of  Trajan  for 

43.  Viig.  iE.  H.  379  sqq.  M.  Ov.  Fast,  extortion,  condemned  to  disgor|;e  into  the 
ii.  341.  Horn.  II.  r  33  sqq.  A.  treasury  about  £6000,  and  banished  from 

44.  Caliguia  imttituit  in  Gallia,  Lug'  Italy.  l*he  penalty  was  a  mere  trifle  out 
dead,  eertamen  Gretca  Latineeque  /ocun-  of  the  vast  sums  he  had  accumulated  by 
diet,  qttoferunt  meteribue  pramia  vietm  his  rapacity  ;  and  the  province  was  not 
eomiulute,  eorundem  et  laudei  componere  reimbursed.  Plin.  ii.  11  sq.  PR,  G,  cf. 
etmctM :  em  auiem,  qui  maxime  dup/tcuu-  viiL  94  sqq.  1 19  sqq.  R. 

atnt,  teripta  tua  tpongia  lingtiave  delete        48.  llnderstand  noeet.  GRO, 

jmteoe,  aist  fendii  cbjurgari  aut  Jlumitu        49.  It  was  the  custom  at  Rome  to 

prwriaio  mergt  uuhtitient;  Soet  Cal.  20.  take  a  bath  at  the  eighth  hour  (2  o*clock 


8 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  I. 


50  Iratis ;  at  tu  yictrix  provincia  ploras  ? 

Hsec  ego  non  credam  Venusina  digna  lucema  ? 
Haec  ego  non  agitem  ?  Sed  quid  magis  Heracleas 
Aut  Diomedeas  aut  mugitum  Labyrinth! 
Et  mare  percussum  puero  fabrumque  volantem  ? 

55  Quum  leno  accipiat  moechi  bona,  si  capiendi 
Jus  nullum  uxori,  doctus  spectare  lacunar, 
Doctus  et  ad  calicem  vigilanti  stertere  naso ; 


in  the  afternoon),  and  to  go  to  dinner  at 
the  ninth.  A,  cf.  xi.  204.  M.  Mart.  IV. 
viii.  Hor.  I  £p.  yii.  71.  and  aee  notes  on 
▼i.  419.  A.  and  on  Pen.  iii.  4. 

'  Reaps  the  fruits  of  divine  wrath/  be- 
ing better  off  than  he  was  before  his  con- 
demnation. Thus  Juno  says  of  Hercules, 
"  ntperat  et  cmcit  fnalit,  iraque  nottra 
fruUur ;  in  lauda  sunt  mea  vertit  acfta ;" 
Sen.  H.  F.  34.  GRO,  whence  his  name 
*B^«#  MXi§t»  PR*  Peecat:  vitio  tamen 
utitur;  Pert.  ii«  68.  A. 

60.  Cf.  ▼.  158.  iz.  77.  invmiet  nU  tibi, 
jmBttr  plorare,  tuUque;  Hor.  II  S.  r, 
68.  R.  Vineere  was  a  forensic  term.  GR, 
vieirix  is  an  instance  of  oxymoron. 

51.  <  The  lucubrations  of  a  Horace ;' 
who  was  born  at  Venuna,  LU,  on  the 
confines  of  Lucania  and  Apulia :  hence 
he  speaks  of  himself  as  Lucanui  an 
Appuluit  aneept:    nam    Venusinui    arat 

finem  iuh  utrumqu9  eoUmut\    II    S.  i. 
34.  PR. 

52.  Quid  for  cur,  as  ^i  for  }f«r/; 
understand  fabulat  scriham :  '  on  the 
labours  of  Hercules/  and  '  the  adven- 
tures of  Diomede/  either  the  Thracian 
who  fed  his  ^stud  on  human  flesh,  or 
the  iF.tolian.  Plin.  x.  44.  Ov.  M.  xiv. 
540  sqq.  Virg.  M.  xi.  243  sqq.  T.  PR. 
R. 

53.  '  The  bellowing  of  the'  Minotaur 
in  the  Cretan  '  labyrinth  ;  which  was 
built  by  Dsedalus  on  the  plan  of  that  in 
Eeypt,  only  a  hundred  times  smaller. 
There  was  a  third  in  Lemnos,  and  a 
fourth  in  Italy.  Plin.  xxxvi.  13.  The 
first  is  described  by  Herodotus,  ii.  148. 
See  Virg.  iEn.  vi.  14^33.  Ovid.  Met. 
viii.  155  sqq.  PR. 

54.  Plin.  iv.  11.  vii.  56.  leartu  leariu 
nomina  fecit  aquit ;  Ovid.  I  Tr.  i.  90. 
Ceratis  cpe  Dadalea  nitUur  penntt,  vitreo 
daturu$  nomina  ponto;  Hor.  IV  Od.  ii.  2. 
Expertui  vacuum  Deedalus  aera  pennis 
non  fumini  dati$;    I   Od.  iii.  34.    Ov. 


Met.  viii.  183  s(}q.  This  fable  had  its 
oriffin  from  the  mvention  of  masts  and 
saib  by  Daedalus.  PR, 

55.  By  a  law  of  Domitian,  an  adulteress 
was  precluded  from  receiving  any  legacy 
or  inneritance :  Suet  Dom.  8.  To  evadie 
this  law  the  fortune  of  the  eallant  was 
Mttled  on  the  husband,  who  tor  thb  con- 
sideration turned  pander  to  his  wife's  dis* 
honour.  BRI,  cf.  ix.  82  sqq.  and  particn* 
larly  87  sq.  HR. 

56.  As  though  absorbed  in  thought,  or 
at  any  rate  quite  unobservant  of  what  was 
going  on.  M. 

57.  Ipte  miutr  vidi,  cum  me  darmire 
putaret,  tobritu  apposite  crimina  veUra 
mero ;  Ov.  Am.  II.  v.  13.  GR.  Quetrit 
odulterM  inter  mariti  vina ; — non  tine  eon* 
tcio  mrgit  marito ;  Hor.  III.  Od.  vi.  25. 
29.  PK.  AitT^  Tit  ynfMtt  WilMfi^  rj  yti" 
r§n  fiy^^u,  Mai  r^i^trmi'  r$¥T  ifv  immX«# 
i^ym^Sm,     fin   irXuf,  fth   rjuUrrMf,  ^XX* 

rXtvrm  /W«//»tv«f  Parmenio.  R.  KAxfime 
tlwria  MoiSifNif ,  i7r«  ^*lv  XmwXn»Tt^»fU9e9 
Jkwi  9t»ft£rt9  ir^  rl  yiuuw,  &wi»Xint 
i^vxn  «^»  MtprnXh*,  M  ^  nmhvien*  U 
r»urm   Hi    rSf    •/»ir«rf    rnit    w^(tii9r$t 

/»Sm9  tutfiXiyl^af,  *  HmnSUuf»S9*  iTrif,  *  ^m 
•7r^«,  §rt  fii99f  M«isi{f f  »»$%CHmi* 
Plut.  Erot.  t.  ix.  p.  45.  HN.  There  was 
one  Cepius  of  whom  a  similar  story  was 
told ;  whence  came  the  Latin  proverb 
'  non  omnibut  dormio,'  E,  RH,  There  is 
a  double  meaning  in  the  word  vigiUmti ; 
though  the  man  appeared  to  be  fast  asleep, 
yet  his  nose  seemed  to  be  wide  awake,  if 
you  might  judge  by  the  noise  it  made. 
So  an  dormit  Seeledrut  intusl  Non  neao 
quidem,  nam  eo  mif^;no  magnum  cUunalt\ 
Plant.  Mil.  Farquhar  makes  Mrs.  Sullen 
give  a  similar  account  of  her  drunken 
husband  :  "  My  whole  night's  comfort  is 
the  tunable  serenade  of  that  wakeful 
nightingale— his  nose."  M. 


SAT.  I.  OF  JUVENAL.  9 

Quum  fas  esse  putet  curam  sperare  cohortis, 
Qui  bona  donavit  praesepibus  et  caret  omni 
60  Majorum  censu,  dum  pervolat  axe  citato 

Flamiiiiam;  (puer  Automedon  nam  lora  tenebat, 
Ipse  lacernatse  quum  se  jactaret  amicae) 
Nonne  libet  medio  ceras  implere  capaces 
Quadriyio?  quum  jam  sexta  cervice  feratur 

5S.  '  A  military  tribuneship.'  VS,  *  A  97.),  rnvrk,  and  i»i7y«r,  often  convey  a 

prefccbhip  of  th«  pnetorian  band.'  GRJE,  notion  of  authority  and  respect ;  bence  a 

A  cohort  oonaitted  of  560  infantry  and  teacher  is  thus  spoken  of  by  his  disciple 

06  cavalry.     In  UgioM  sunt  eettturia  (as  in  the  Pythagorean  expression  mvrit 

mxmgimtm,  wtanipuU  triginta,  cohortti  de-  1^),  a  master  by  his  servant,  a  general 

cms;  G«U.  xvL  4.  A,  PR.    When  the  by  a  aoldier,  a  patron  as  distinguished 

alliet  were  admitted  into  the  legions,  the  from  his  clients,  the  mind  as  contrasted 

nunfaer  of  military  tribunes  was  prolmbly  with  the  body,  &c.  in  which  cases  the 

mciCMed  to  ten,  one  to  command  each  opposition  shows  what  is  meant,  v.  30. 

cohort,  cf.  X.94.  Cm.  B.C.ii.20.  Plin.  V.  Flacc.  iu.  150.  Ov.  Trist.  V.  i.  45. 

m.  9.  18.  LL  R.  Calpurn.  i.  46.  i?.    [Livy  xxU,   1,  i; 

59.  Either  (I)  Omulius    Futeus  is  zxvii,  32,  b.  ED.] 

intended,  who,  when  a  boy,  had  driven  Jactare  m  is  '  to  play  the  agreeable'  or 

Nero*8  chariot;    he  afterwards  '  squan-  '  to  show  off  before.*     It  may  be  a  me- 

deicd    bis  patrimony*  in  charioteering,  taphor  from  a  peacock  spreading  his  tail. 

and  at  last  was  made  prefect  of  the  pre-  cf.  Pers.  iv.  15.  R, 

lorian  bands  by  Domitian,  and  fell  in  the  1'hough  spoken  of  in  the  feminine  gen- 

Daciaii  war:  iv.  112.  Suet.  T.  or  (2)  der,  Sporus  the  eunuch  is  here  meant, 

TwfUiniis,  a   man    of   obscure  origin,  BRl.  whom  this  monster  cum  dote  H 

MKC.  and  a  depraved  minister  to  Nero's  JUmeo,  nuptiarum  ceUberrimo  officio,  de- 

pleasvres,  who  also  was  promoted  to  a  duetum  ad  sc,  pro  uiore  habuit ;  qttemque, 

prefectship :  v.  67.   155.  fac.  An.  xiv.  Augv$tarum  ornamentis  excuUnm  Uetiea- 

f«iq.  HisL  i.  72.  or  (3)  Damatippiu:  viii.  que  vectutfit  el  circa  conventu*  merca(ii<- 

14  #.  PR,  que  Cracia  ae  mot  Romce  circa  Sigitlaria 

Prcacpte  is  an  ambiguous  term,  mean-  comitatu$  est  ideutidem  exoscuiam;  Suet. 

ing  cither '  mangers'  or  '  brothels.'  PL,  Ner.  28.  PH.  cf.  iponue  tur}>e$'j  v.  78. 

60.  The  oonstruction  may  be  this :  ft.  A  few  years  afterwards  this  Sporus 
fmmm  {it),  fiii— c«Nsu,/ai.— coftorfif,  dum  was  ordered  by  the  emperor  Viteliius  to 
4e.  (cf.  Tac.  An.  i.  7.)  t.  e.  because  he  personate  a  nymph  in  a  pantomime,  but 
haa  been  Nero's  charioteer.  HK.  Uli  committed  suicide  to  avoid  appearing  on 
inaUmt  verbere  torto,  et  proni  dant  lorai  the  stage  in  a  female  dress!  O.  7'he 
90lat  9i  fervidut  axit;  Virg.  G.  epithet  iacernata  implies  that  this  was 
iu.  106.  ft.  not   a  woman,  lacema  being  a  man's 

61.  '  The  f  lammian  Way,'  tlie  most  cloak.  F£.  It  was  worn  by  soldiers  in 
aadeot  and  celebrated  of  all  the  Roman  the  camp,  Plin.  xviii.  25.  Ov.  Fast.  ii. 
roadfy  led  to  the  emperor's  villa.  It  was  746.  and  by  spectators  in  the  amphi- 
aaade  by  the  censor  C.  Flaminius  (A.  17.  theatre ;  in  the  latter  case  it  was  white, 
533.)  mroogh  Tuscany  to  Ariminum.  A.  Mart.  XIV.  cxxxvii.  IV.  ii.  See  also 
Strab.  V.  p.  333.  cf.  Suet.  Aug.  30.  Suet.  Aug.  40.  Claud.  6.  Pft.  Mart.  V. 
PR.  ft.  viu. 

This '  boy'  was  the  charioteer  of  Nero,  63.  Cerct  are  the  same  |ts  ceraict  tabelt^, 

aa'  Aatoaiedon' was  of  Achilles.  GftJS.  llie  pocket-books  of  the  Romans  con- 

Hon.  n.  n  145  soq.  P  429  sqq.  459 —  sisted  of  thin  pieces  of  wood,  covered 

537.  T  395  aqq.  Virg.  JE.  ii.  477.  Suet,  over  with  wax,  on  which  they  wrote  with 

Ner.  92.  viii.  148.    Cicero,  also,  uses  the  point  of  an  instrument  called  itylut, 

A  olotDedoB  as  the  nave  of  any  charioteer;  the  other  end  of  which  was  blunt  for 

Reec.  An.  36.  PR,  R»  the  purpose  of  erasure.     Hor.  I.  S.  x. 

62.  Bj  qw  we  are  to  understand  72.  M. 

Neie :    M,  for  ipst,  af  well  as  ilU  (v.        64.  *  In  the  very  cross-ways ;'  such  is 

C 


10 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  I. 


65  Hinc  atque  inde  patens  ac  nuda  paene  catliedra 
^  Et  multum  referens  de  Msecenate  supino 

^  Signator,  falso  qui  se  lautum  atque  beatum 

Exiguis  tabulis  et  gemma  fecerat  uda? 
Occurrit  matrona  potens,  quae,  molle  Calenum 
70  Porrectura,  virO  miscetsltiente  rubetam 
Instituitque  rudes  melior  Locusta  propinquas 


the  impudence  of  these  miscreants,  and 
the  depravity  of  these  times !  LU, 

The  litters  of  the  rich  were  called 
heiaphori.  Mart.  II.  Ixxzi.  IV.  li.  or 
ostaphori,  vii.  141.  from  the  number  of 
bearers  or  lecticarn;  persons  of  inferior 
fortune  used  sella  gestatoria  '  a  sedan/ 
carried  by  two  chairmen,  ix.  142.  LI.  M. 
R.  of.  BO.  c.  8.  p.  427  sq.  443  sq. 

65.  Here  *  the  litter*  is  left  •  open  on 
both  sides'  out  of  effrontery,  as  opposed 
to  lectica  tuta  pelle  veloque  and  sella 
clauiOf  V.  124.  Mart.  XI.  xcviii.  11  sq. 
LU.  clausa  lectica  fenestra  ;  iii.  242. 
clausum  latis  specularibm  antrum  ;  iv.  2 1 . 
This  latter  was  also  called  cubiculum  i  ia- 
toriitm  ;  Plin.  xxxvii.  2.  Suet.  Aug.  78. 
Tit.  10.  Ov.  A.  A.  i.  487  sq.  LL  It 
was  fitted  up  with  cushions  and  pillows, 
stood  on  four  short  legs,  and  was  carried 
by  means  of  poles;  iii.  245.  vii.  132. 
The  cathedra  or  '  chair*  belonged  pro- 
perly to  ladies;  vi.  91.  ix.  52.  Mart.  IV, 
ixxix.  3.  Phsd.  III.  viii.  4.  Prop.  IV. 
V.  37.  hence  called  f'ctminea  cathedra; 
Mart.  III.  Ixiii.  7.  Calp.  vii.  27.  BO. 
Only  vestals  and  empresses  used  pilenta- 
and  earpenta.  R. 

66.  Mcrcenas,  though  a  very  active 
roan  of  business,  was  otherwise  mo^t '  in* 
dolent  and  luxurious  ;*  xii.  39.  Sen.  Ep. 
19.  101.  114.  120.  otio  et  mollitih  }>a:ue 
ultra  feminam  Jlueui'f  Veil.  Pat.  i.  88. 
Quint.  X.  iv.  Plin.  xiv.  6.  DO.  PR.  R. 
He  was  at  once  a  beau  and  a  sloven.  G. 
For  the  above  sense  of  siipinus  see  Mart. 
IT.  vi.  13.  P/2.  Quint.  V.  xii.  10.  X.  ii. 
17,  &c.  Plin.  xvi.  37.  Suet.  Aug.  16.  R. 

Refer  re  *  to  bring  back  to  mind,*  there- 
fore *  to  resemble.'  Virg.  4*^.  iv.  329.  x. 
766.     Tac.  Germ.  43.  R. 

67.  Kither  (1)  A(fuilius  Regulu$tF\\u. 
ii.  20.  or  (2)  Snphoniu$  Tigellinus,  who 
poisoned  his  three  uncles  and  inherited  all 
their  property  *  by  forgery*  of  iheir  wills. 
LU.  According  to  Paedianus  the  sub- 
scription of  seven  witnesses  was  requisite. 


PR.  cf.  X.  336.  M.  FaUum  was  a 
technical  term,  ^s  falsi  reus,  CRO.  Ijex 
Cornelia  defaUis^  6iC.  R, 

68.  '  A  brief  testament,'  making  him 
sole  heir.  B1U.  Omnia  soli  breviter  tiabit ; 
xii.  125.  PR.  ii.  68. 

Ut  arcanas  possim  signare  tabellas,  neve 
teiiai  ceram  hiccave  ffemma  truhat,  humida 
tangam  jtrius  ora;  Ov.  Am.  11.  xr.  15 
sqq.  Trist.  V.  iv.  5  sq.  Pont.  II.  ix.  69. 
GR.  cf.  xiii.  139.  xiv.  132.  R. 

69.  Nulla  aconita  bibuntur  fictilWus; 
X.  25  sq.  LU.  The  commencement  of 
this  horrible  practice  is  mentioned  by 
Livy,  viii.  18.  PR,  A gnppina  poisoned 
her  husband  Claudius  by  a  mushroom  ; 
Tac.  An.  xii.  67.  Suet.  Claud.  44.  R. 
The  allusion  therefore  is  probably  to 
some  other  nublc  matron,  G.  who  will 
meet  you  in  the  public  streets.  M. 

Cules  was  in  Campania.  LU.  The 
choicest  wines  of  Italy  are  named  by 
Horace,  I  Od.  xx.  9  sqq.  of  these  the 
Calenian  and  Ciecubian  had  gone  out  of 
fashion  in  Pliny's  time  ;  xiv.  6.  R. 

Molle  *  mellow'  from  age  ;  Hor.  I  Od. 
vii.  19.  Virg.  G.  i.  341.  as  opposed  to 
durum  *  rough;*  G.  iv.  102.  R. 

70.  '  A  poison'  supposed  to  be  ex- 
tracted *  from  the  toad,'  called  rnhtta 
from  its  frequenting  brakes.  GR/E,  tut' 
gentis  rancB  portenta  riibeta;  Prop.  III. 
vi.  27.  PR,  nunc  ref  agiiur  tenui  puUnant 
rul}efa ;  vi.  659.  cf.  iii.  44.   R. 

71.  Casareas  soboles  horr^^nda  hKiista 
occiditt  ciirans  savi  venenata  AVronu; 
Turnus.  VS.  This  hag  seems  to  have 
reduced  the  art  of  poisoning  to  a  science ; 
Claudius  spared  her  life  in  order  to  avail 
himself  of  her  diabolical  skill,  and  at  last 
was  taken  off  by  her  agency.  *'  'Tis 
the  sport,"  as  Shakspeare  beautifully  ob- 
serves, '*  to  have  the  engineer  Hoist  with 
his  own  petar;"  Ham.  III.  iv.  Nero 
employed  her  to  destroy  Germanicus,  and 
perhaps  Burrhus ;  but  on  the  accession  of 
Galba,shc  was  dragged  to  execution  amid 


SAT.  I.  OF  JUVENAL.  11 

Per  famam  et  populum  nigros  eiFerre  maritos. 

Aude  aliquid  brevibus  Gyaris  et  carcere  dignum, 
Si  vis  esse  aliquis:  probitas  laudatur  et  alget. 
75  Criminibus  debent  hortos,  pr^aetoria,  mensas, 
Argentum  vetus  et  stantem  extra  pocula  caprum. 
Quern  patitur  dormire  nurus  corrupter  avarae, 
Quern  sponsse  turpes  et  prsetextatus  adulter? 
Si  natura  negat,  facit  indignatio  versum, 
80  Qualemcumque  potest,  quales  ego  vel  Cluvienus. 

Ex  quo  Deucalion,  nimbis  tollentibus  sequor, 

tbeshoutsaDdexeciatioos  of  the  populace,  wood,  marble*  ivory,  &c.  GH/E.  v.  137 

G.    Tac.  An.  xii.  66.  xiii.   15.    Saet.  sq. /^  Mart.  XIV.  Ixxxix.  xc.  &c. 

Claod.  44.  Ner.  33.  47.  PR.  It.  76.  Argentum,  metua,  murrhiua,  rura, 

MelitPT  *  more  knowing  and  daring;*  domus;  Mart.  XI.  Ixx.  8.     '  The  goat/ 

insiUuit  *  instmcts ;'  nicies '  ignorant'  LU.  as  destructive  to  vines,  was  sacrificed  to 

72  *£f  Xm^  )aiw»  for  perjfamam  popuU.  Bacchus,   and  was  a  usual  device  on 

GR^C  per  *  in  defiance  oV '  running  the  embossed  goblets :  or  it  might  be  a  bass- 

gantelope'  as  it  were.  relief  of  Phryxus  and  Helle  riding  on  the 

'  Lind'  from  the  effects  of  poison,  goat;    stat  caper  JEolio  Thebani  veli^re 

GRJE.    which  is  hence  called    pocula  Phryxi  cultu$\    Mart.  VIII.  li.   ('  de 

nlgn\  Prop.  II.  xxvii.  10.  U,  phiala  Rufi,*)  9.  VS.  PR.  aliis  exstan- 

£^4rrre is  peculiarly  applied  to  funerals,  tern  $igni$    cratera-,    Ov.   Met.   v.  81. 

PR.    as    effertur,   imus,   ad    tepulcrum  antiquus  crater  signU  exstantibus  a^per ; 

venimu* ;  Ter.  And.  I.  i.  90.  M.  vi.  175.  Id.  xii.  235.  cf.  ▼.  38.  R. 

567.  xhr.  220.  [Livy  xxiv,  22,  r.  ED.]  77.  The  avarice  of  the  daughter-in-law 

It  is  here  the  consequent  put  for  the  is  her  ruin.    '  Who  can  tamely  witness 

antecedent.  R.  cf.  note  70  on  Ilerod.  such  flagitiousness V  LU. 

TiL  117.  78.  '  Unnatural  brides.'  G.  v.  62.  ii. 

73.  Gvonis,  now  Jura,  one  of  the  Cy-  117.  134.  Mart.  xii.  42.  Suet.  Ner.  29. 
cladei,  v^  the  Botany  Bay  of  Rome.  vi.  Ov.  A.  A.  i.  524.  Tac.  An.  xv.  37. 
563  so.  X.  170.  Plin.  iv.  12.  viii.  29.  57.  R. 

Tac  An.  iii.  68  sq.  iv.  30.   Other  rocky  The  pratexta  was  a  white  gown  (toga) 

islands  were  used  for  the  same  purpose,  with  a  purple  border,  and  was  worn  by 

LV.  PR.  R.  magistrates  and   priests,   and  by  noble 

74.  Seualiqutm  credent',  Pers. i.  129.  boys  till  they  completed  their  fifteenth 
'  somebody;*  PR.  Cic.  ad  Att.  iii.  15.  year,  when  they  exchanged  it  for  the 
2m^  ^if  V}f  t^NM,  45f  S*  tv^i/f  *  Arr.  Ep.  manly  gown.    Pers.  v.  30.  PR.  R. 

ii.  24.  R.  79.  Celerarum  rerum  itudia  et  doctrina 

"  In  this  partial  avaricious  age  What  et  praeeptis  et  arte  constant ;  poeta  natura 

price  bears  nonuur  t  virtue?  long  ago  ipia  valet  et  mentii  viribus  excitatur  et 

It  wa s  but  praised,  and  freezedl  quasi  dnino  quodam  apiritu  inHutur ;  Cic. 

bat  Dow-a  days  *Tis  colder  hit  and  has  pro  Arch.  8.   cf.  Hor.  A.  P.  408  sqq. 

DOT  love  nor  praise;*'  Massinger,  Fatal  PR. 
Dowry,  II.  i.  G,  80.  Cluvienus  was  a  miserable  versifier 

75.  Such  '  gardens'  contained  villas,  of  whom  nothing  further  is  known.  PR. 
fOBiDerbooaeSi  terraces,  sheets  of  water,  81.  This  proem  contains  the  sum  and 
franUins,  grottos,  statues,  &c.  Smaller  substance  of  the  poet's  future  Satires. 
f^midens  were  called  viridaria  or  nemora,  cf.  CAS.  on  Pers.  i.  1 . 

R.  Ex  quo-,  Hor.  Ill  Od.  iii.  21.  Vi  ^S- 

*  Palaces;'  adUpidem  Torquatu$  hahet  Hom.  II.  A  7.  ilirtv  Aristoph.  N.  520. 

prettaria  quartum;    Mart.  X.  Ixxix.   1.  Quo  tempore  primnm   Deucalion  racunm 

Suet.  Tit.  8.  PR,  x.  161.  R.  lapides  Jactavit   in  orbemt  unde   homines 

The  Romans  were  very  extravagant  in  nati,  durum  genus;  Virg.  G.  i.  61  scn\, 

their '  tables/ which  were  made  of  citron-  *  From  the  earliest  ages  :*  a  Pyrrha  ;  xv. 


^ 


12  THE  SATIRES  sat.  i. 

Navigio  montem  ascendit  sortesque  poposcit, 

Paulatimque  anima  caluerunt  mollia  saxa 
-    Et  maribus  nudas  ostendit  Pyrrha  puellas, 
85  Quidquid  agunt  homines,  votum,  timor,  ira,  voluptas, 

Gaudia,  discursus,  nostri  est  farrago  libelli. 

Et  quando  uberior  vitionun  copia?  quando 

Major  avaritiae  patuit  sinus?  alea  quando 

Hos  animos?     Neque  enim  loculis  comitantibus  itur 
90  Ad  casum  tabulae,  posita  sed  luditur  area. 

Proelia  quanta  illic  dispensatore  videbis 

Armigerol  Simplexne  furor,  sestertia  centum 

30.      Amphietyonu  titnporibui   aquarum  not  redundant,  saculo  premimur  gravi: 

illuvU*  majorem  populorum  GraciiB  partem  Senec.  Oct.   GR.     The  predictions  of 

abtumpsit.     Superfuenint,    quo*    refiigia  Horace  were    veri6ed,  atat   parenhim, 

montium  reeeperunt,  out  qui  ad  regem  p^or  avis,  tulit  noi  nequiores,  mox  daium 

Thessalia  Deucalionem  ratibui  evecti  nint :  progeniem  vitiosiarem;    III  Od.  vi.  fin. 

a  quo  pmpterea  genus  humanum  conditum  See  1 47  sqq.  vi.  292.  R. 
dicitur;  Just.  ii.  6.   PA.  Or.  Met.  i.        88.  Some  take  sinus  to  signify  *  the 

264  sqq.  He  was  son  of  Prometheus  and  lap'  of  Uie  gown ;  others '  the  bellying'  of 

Clymene.  GR.¥1.  the  sail,  or  '  a  spread  of  canvas.'  PA.  A. 

82.  Parva  rate;  Ov.  ntf^irif,  xA^mmb,  cf.  149  sq. 

'  in  the  ark.'  HN.    The  fable  is  a  cor-  AUa ;  cf.  Pers.  y.  57.  PA.  vetita  le- 

ruption  of  sacred  history.  PA.  gibus    alea;     Hor.    Ill  Od.   xxit.   58. 

'  The  mountain'  is  Lycorea,  one  of  the  Understand  habuit:  hos  may  mean  toi,  or 

two  peaks  of  Parnassus.  A.  Romanos;  A.  or  hn  animos  is  perhaps 

*  The  answers  of  the  Delphian  oracle'  equivalent  to  lantas  vires,  *  sucn  spirit 

were  anciently  '  given  by  lots :'  oraeula  tod  vigour.'  M. 

veriits  dicuntur,  qua  vatieinatione  fun-  89.  Locu/iu' a  purse;' area 'the  money 

duntur,  sed  et  sortes,  qua  dueuntur,  chest  itself.' PA. 

Cic.  de  Div.  ii.  33.    Sometimes  sortes  90.  A  sarcastic  reflection  on  his  fellow- 

signiBed  '  oracular  answers'  in  general,  countrymen  as  no  longer  streauoos  in 

dicta  per  carmina  sortes;  Hor.  A.  P.  403.  other  battles.  LU, 

auxilium  placuit  per  sacras  quiBrere  sortes ;  91.  'With  his  steward  for  armour* 

Ov.  precU}us  oraeula  poseas;  Virg.  M.  bearer/  as  carrying  money,  dice»  dice- 

iii.  456.  poscens  responsa;    Sil.  i.  121.  box,  and  tables.  FS.  vii.  219.  zir.  4  sq. 

PA.  M.  A.    [Livy  xxi,  62,   n.  ED.]  A. 

The  responses  at  this  time  were  given  by  92.  '  A  hundred  sestertii.'    The  sfi- 

Themis:  Ov.  F^.  ter(tfij» about  \9d.     The   sestertium^ 

83.  Saxa  penere  duritiem  earpere,  1000  sesfer(ii^u)ont  £9»  U»  6d.  (1) 
tuumque  rigorem,  mollirique  mora,  mo  I-  If  a  Numeral  agrees  with  settertH,  it  de- 
litaque  ducere  firmam:  Ov.  M.  This  notes  so  many  ws(«rtt/,  as  dcesm  issfsrfii. 
story  is  supposed  to  have  been  suggested  (2)  If  the  genitive  plural  of  eestertii  is 
by  the  fanciful  derivation  of  XmSf  from  joined  with  a  numeral  in  another  case, 
xAms,  A.  It  denotes  so  many  thousand,  zs decern 

84.  The  lapides  Purrha  Jacti  (Virg.  sertertium  »  10,000  sestertii.  (3)  If 
£.  vi.  41.)  produced  women.  Pyrrha  joined  with  a  numeral  adverb,  it  denoles 
was  the  daughter  of  Epimetheus  and  so  many  hundred  thousand,  as 
Asia.  GAi£.  decies    sestertiitm  a  1,000,000    sesiertiL 

86.  i>i<cumi5'their  different  pursuits.'  (4)  The  numeral  adverb  by  itself  has 
But  see  V.  21.  A.  the  same  meaning,  as  </ee*«<  »]  ,000,000 

Farrago  (see  note  on  Pers.  v.  77.)  '  a  sestertii  =t\, 000  sesterces.  KN.  AD.  Set- 
mixture,  hodge-podge,  olio.'  JVf.  tertium  is  always  the  contracted  genitive, 

87.  Collecta  vitia  post  tot  atates  diu  in    with  which  mUle  or  millia  b  generally 


MT.  I.  OF  JUVENAL.  13 

Perdere  et  horrenti  tunicam  non  reddere  servo?  'J 
Quis  totidem  erexit  villas?  quis  fercula  septem 
95  Secreto  coenavit  avus?     Nunc  sportula  primo 
Limine  parva  sedet,  turbae  rapienda  togatce. 
nie  tamen  faciem  prius  inspicit  et  trepidat,  ne 
Suppositus  venias  ac  falso  nomine  poscas. 
Agnitus  accipies.    Jubet  a  praecone  vocari 
100  Ipsos  Trojugenas:  nam  vexant  limen  et  ipsi 
Nobiscum.     "  Da  Praetori,  da  deinde  Tribuno  I 
Sed  libertinus  prior  est"     "  Prior"  inquit  "  ego  adsum. 
Car  timeam  dubitemve  locum  defendere,  quamvis 

vodentood ;  sfftertia  occurs  only  in  poets,  emphatically;  cf.  o.  100.  Prop.  IV.  ii. 

F.  [Liwy  ^im,  9,  8.  £D.]  56.  Virg.  M.  i.  282.  bat  more  probably 

S&.  Sett  eamtUtm  horriduhim  trita  do-  is  used  contemptuously,  as  the  toga  was 

ifaeema ;  Pers.  i.  54.  PR.  '  shiver-  no  longer  worn  by  respectable  persons. 


n^  with  cold/  as  in  Ov.  A.  A.  ii.  213.  See  note  on  v.  3.  li.  70.  iii.  127.  yii.  136. 

lUddtn  for  dmre.  R,  142.  yiii.  49.  Hor.  I  &  ii.  63.  82.  Mart. 

94.  CC  xiT.  86  sqq.  R.  II.  Ivii.  5.  &c.  B. 

Pmtinai  etatabat  omad;  Hor.  I  Ep.        97.  See  note  on  v.  62.   The  meanness 

XT.  34.     In  atrio,  et  duobutfereulu,  epu-  of  the  patron  is  strongly  marked  by  his 

Ubamtur  antiqui;  Cato.    Fereulum,  ac-  superintending  the  distiibutbn '  in  person.' 
cording  to  Nonius,  was  '  a  course.'  fii.        99.  Agruueere  '  to  recognize'  is  said  of 

184.  XI.  64.  A.  one  known  before;  cognoteere '  to  become 

95.  Fiitl  ilia  nmplieitat  autiquorum  in  acquainted  with/  of  a  stranser.  R, 

cibo  etpiendo,  ut  tnaximii  virit  f/randert  tt        '  The  crier'  was  properly  called  no- 

in  propaiuio  verteundia  non  nut :  menelator ;  it  was  his  office  to  announce 

tmnt  ulUu  epniat  habtbant,  quat  popuU  the  names  of  morning  visitors,  arrange 

lis  mbjie^rt  grubtaeerent ;  Val.  Max.  them  in  order  of  precedence,  &c.  PL, 
n.  V.  5.  PR,  100.  '  The  patricians  of  the  greater 

Qnii  onij '  who  of  our  ancestors'?'  LU.  clans,'  VS,  who  claimed  descent,  from 

The  old  republicans  used  to  admit  to  ^neas  and  the  Trojans :  cf.  viii.  41  sqq. 

sapper  the  clients,  who  attended  Uiem  181.  xi.  95.  so  TrotaJes;  Pers.  i.  4.  K. 
from  the  forum.     Under  the  emperors        Lim«ii  terfr«;  Mart.  X.  x. 2. 'to  wear/ 

this  laudable  custom  was  abolished,  and  R,  furesoue  ferttqns  itutm  hune  v€*are 

*  a  little  basket' of  meat  nven  to  each  of  loeum;     Hor.  I  S.  viiL   17.  Af.    'to 

tbem  to  cznv  home.    Nero  ordered  a  pester.' 

noall  sura  or  money  to  be ''distributed        101.  '  With  us  poor  folk.'  cf.  iii.  128 

iiMtflad  of  meat,  and  Domitian  brought  sqo.  R.  Marl.  X.  x.  1  sqq.  PR, 
back  the  former  practice:  Suet  Ner.  16.        Da  S^c,    These  are  either  the  orders  of 

Dons.  4. 7.   Perhaps  it  was  subsequently  the  patron  to  his  steward,  or  the  impor- 

laft  opCioosJ,  for  here  we  find  that  money  tunities  of  the  needy  patricians.  PR,  R, 
was  again  distributsd.    The  sum  was  a        Prator  dietut  quod  exereitui  praeat: 

hundred  quadranUs,  about  20d.  sterling,  nt  et  magittratusjuredieundo  prapositut ; 

G,  V,  120.  iii.  127  sqq.  249  sqq.  Mart.  I.  Varro.     '  The  tribune'  might  be  either 

ULIILvii.xiv.3.  VIII.  1.10.x.  xxvu.  « military' or '  plebeian/ PA.   Ofthelat- 

3.  Lonr.  1 1.  il.  T.  PR,  R,  ter,  there  were  originally  two,  afterwards 

96.  Vestibulum  anti  iptum  primoqve  in  ten.     The  prtttor  urbanui  was  a  magis- 
Initii* ;  Virg.  JE.  iL  469.  vi.  427.  R,  trate  nesrly  answering  to    '  the  Lord 

Stdeti  n,  120.  R,  miWm,  see  note  18  Mayor'  of  London.  Af. 
MS  Herod.  TiL  198.  102.  '  First  come,  first  served.'    G. 

'  Tbe  dole's  being  snatched'  or '  scram-  Libertini  are  enfranchised  slaves,  M.  and 

Ucd  for*  denotes  thor  half-starved  con-  the  same  as  liberti ;  they  are  called  /i6er(i 

dilioo.     Togmtit   may    mean  *  Boman*  when  the  patron's  name  is  added.  R, 


14   ,  THE  SATIRES  sat.  i. 

Natus  ad  Euphraten,  molles  quod  in  aure  fenesirae 
105  Ai^ueriut,  licet  ipse  negem  ?    Sed  quinque  tabernse 

Quadringenta  parant.     Quid  confert  purpura  major 

Optandum,  si  Laurenti  custodit  in  agro 

Conductas  Corvinus  oves  ?     Ego  possideo  plus 

Pallante  et  Licinis."     Exspectent  ergo  tribuni :  /  a 

110  Vincant  divitiae:  sacro  nee  cedat  honori,     '*'  i^  ^ 

Nuper  in  hanc  urbem  pedibus  qui  venerat  albis ; 

Quandoquidem  inter  nos  sanctissima  Divitiarum 

Majestas :  etsi  funesta  Pecunia  templo 

Nondum  habitas,  nuUas  numorum  ereximus  aras, 
115  Ut  colitur  Pax  atque  Fides,  Victoria,  Virtus, 

Quaeque  salutato  crepitat  Concordia  nido. 

104.  An  imnaense  number  of  slaves  nan  of  Claudius  and  immeniely  rich, 
came  from  Armenia,  Cappadocia,  Meso-  Suet.  Claud.  28.  Tac.  An.  xii.  53.  xW. 
poCamia,  and  the  countries  through  which  65.  Plin.  H.  N.  xxxiii.  10.  Plin.  £p. 
the  Euphrates  flowed.  VR»  yii.  29.  viii.  6.    He  was  put  to  death  by 

Among  the  Orientals,  even  men  used  Nero  for  his  wealth.  VS,  R, 

to  wear  ear-rings  for  ornament.  Plin.  xi.  Ltcttiiuf,  a  German,  was  a  freedman  of 

37.     xnetdunX    cum    annulatis    auribus-,  Augustus;  he  was  likewise  very  rich:  xtv. 

Plant.   Pasn.  14.    PR,    The  boring  of  306.  but  there  were  also  wealthv  families 

the  ear  was,  among  many  eastern  na-  oftheLicinian  clan,  viz.  the  CaiDtSto(m«s; 

tions,  a  sign  of  servitude;  see  Exodus,  Liv.  vii.  16.  and  the  Craui  Dioites.  PR, 

xxi.  6.    This  expression  may  be  put  by  R,  Pers.  ii.  36.  VS.  GRjE.  G, 

h  y  p  a  1 1  a  g  e  for  finesira  in  aure  molli,  1 10.  Virtus  post  numnuu ;  Ilor.  I  £p. 

according  to  the  proverb  aurtcti^mo/Ztor;  i.  54.  OR,  omnis  enim  ret,mrtuttfama, 

Cic.  ad  Q.  Fr.  ii.  15.  or  from  being  a  deeui,  divina  humanaque,  pulchrii  divitiii 

sign  of  softness  in  the  wearer.  OR,  R,  parent ;   quas  qui  contraxerit,  ilU  ctarus 

105.  '  I  have  five  shops  in  the  Forum  erit,  fortis,  Justus,  SapiensneJ  Ktiam  : 
which  are  let  for  as  much  as  a  knight's  et  rex,  et  quiequid  volet ;  Id.  II  S.  iii.  94. 
estate.'  VS,  T,  Tiberio  imperante  cmisti-  Et  genus  et  virtus,  nisi  cum  re,  vilior  alga 
tvtum  ne  quis  in  equestri  ordine  conseretur,  est ;  Id,  v.  8.  PR, 

nisi  eui  ingenuo  ipti,  patri,  avoque  paterno        The  tribunes  were  saerosaneti  *  invio- 

sestertia  quadringenta  census  fuisset;  Plin.  lable;*    Liv.  ii.  33.  iii.  19.  55.    Dionys. 

xxxiii.  2.  PR,  xiv.  323  sqq.  R,  vi.  89.  vii.  17.    If  any  one  injured  them 

106.  *  The  greater  purple'  may  be  by  word  or  deed,  he  was  held  accursed, 
either  '  the  consulship,  as  tr^a  major;  and  his  goods  were  confiscated.  AD,  R, 
Claud.  IV.  Cons.  Hon.  656.  or  '  the  111.  ViUssimum  est  crette  genus,  quq 
broad-bordered  tunic  of  the  senator.'  as  pedes  venalium  trans  mare  advectorum  dc" 
purpura  latior  and  latus  clavus;  Plin.  notare  majores  imtituerant',  Plin.  H.  N. 
Ep.  ii.  9.  major  cl,;  Stat.  Silv.  III.  ii.  xxxv.  17.  Regnum  ipsa  tenet,  quern  s^rpe 
lii.ftlix  p.  \  Mart.  VIII.  viii.  4.  and  on  coegit  barhara  gypsatosferre  catasta pedes; 
the  other  hand  pauper  and  angustus  cL  de-  Tib.  II.  iii.  59.  Pers.  vi.  78.  cf.  v.  53. 
note  the  equestrian  order;  Stat.  Silv.  V.  vii.  16.  120.  Suet.  Aug.  69.  This  white 
ii.  18.  Vell.ii.  88.  But  under  the  Caesars  mark  was  the  signature  either  of  the  slave- 
this  distinction  was  less  rigidly  observed,  merchant,  or  of  the  proprietor,  or  of  the 
cf.  Suet.  Aug.  38.   Ner.  26.   Dom.  10.  republic.  BRO,  SA,  PR,  R, 

Plin.  xxxiii.  1.  R,  Id,  ix.  36  sqq.  PR,  113.  Pecunia, '  the  cause  of  many  a 

[Livy  xxvii,  19,  8.  £D.]  death,'   was   deified;    and    universally 

108.  Corvinus,  descended  from  the  worshipped ;  though  enshrined  only 
Valerian  clan.  cf.  viii.  f>.  R,  in  the  hearts  of  her  voUries.  VS.  T,  PR. 

109.  Pallas,  an  Arcadian,  was  a  freed-         1 16.  At  the  temple  of  Concord  was 


99 


SAT.  I.  OF  JUVENAL.  15 

Sed  qaum  summus  honor  finito  computet  anno,  .t- 

Sportula  quid  referat,  quantum  rationibus  addat ;     ro   1^^^^    ^  ^' 
Quid  facient  comites,  quibus  bine  toga,  calceus  bine  est 

120  Et  panis  fumusque  domi  ?     Densissima  centum 
Quadrantes  lectica  petit,  sequiturque  maritum 
Languida  vel  praegnans  et  circumducitur  uxor. 
Hie  petit  absenti,  nota  jam  callidus  arte, 
Ostendens  vacuam  et  clausam  pro  conjuge  sellam. 

125  <<  Galla  mea  est"  inquit:     ^^  Citius  dimitte.     Moraris? 
"  Profer  Galla  caput*'     "  Noli  vexare,  quiescit." 

Ipse  dies  pulcro  distinguitur  ordine  rerum : 
Sportula,  deinde  forum  jurisque  peritus  Apollo 
Atque  triumphales,  inter  quas  ausus  habere 

130  Nescio  quis  titulos  iBgyptius  atque  Arabarches, 


beud  the  chittering  of  the  stork  which  e*t;  IV.  viii.  PR, 
had  bailt  its  nest  there,  as  oftea  as  it        128.  llie  clients  attended  their  patron 

flew  home  with  food  for  its  young.  VS.  to  '  the  forum'  of  Augustus,  in  which 

ipm  tiH  plandttt  crtpitanu  ekoHia  roUro;  there  was  an  ivory  statue  of   Apollo 

Or.  Met.  ▼!.  97.  T.  FA.  (Plin.  xxxvi.  6.  vii.  63.    Hor.  I.  S.  ix. 

117.  '  Men  of  the  highest  rank  calcu-  78.);  who  is  called  Jurti  peritui  from  the 

late  on  these  doles  as  no  inconsiderable  number  of  pleadings,  at  which  he  must 

portion   of  their  annual  income.'     See  have  been  present.     Hence  also  we  have 

note  on  101.  LU.  Marsyan  cauuidicunt ;  Mart.  II.  Ixiv.  8. 

119.  See  46.  Mart.  III.  xzx.  R.  Hot.  1  S.  vi.  119.  In  the  same  spot 
'  These  poor  dependents  had  looked  to  Augustus  had  erected  '  the  triumphal 
tbw  as  a  means  of  paying  their  tailor's,  statues'  of  the  greatest  generals ;  Suet 
sboemaker's,  baker's,  and  coalmerchiint's  Aug.  29.  VS.  31.  BRL  GR.  PR. 
bills.'  R. 

120.  Mart.  XIII.  zv.  III.  xxz.  3.  R.         130.  '  An  effigy  with  an  inscription  on 

121.  'A  crowd  of  litters  brings  pe-  the  pedestal:'  claraque  disposius  acta 
titJooers.'  PR.  See  95.  R.  mbeise  virit ;  Ov.  F.  v.  566.  GR. 

124.  See  65.  PR.  Arabarehe$.  There  is  much  uncer- 

125.  GaUa  is  supposed  to  be  the  wife's  tainty  here  both  as  to  the  text,  and  as  to 
name.  M,  the  person  intended.    He  may  be  either 

With  imquit  understand  maritus.  PR.  (1)  Crispinus  (v.  26),  who  was  created 

126.  '  Put  out  your  head,'  says  the  Prince  of  Arabia  by  Domitian,  Schol. 
dkpenaer,  (became  this  was  '  a  »tale  MS.  He  might  also  be  called  *  the 
trick'  m0tm  art).  'Don't  disturb  her;'  Arch>Arabian,  sarcastically,  as  worst  of 
says  the  husband;  '  I  dare  say,  she  is  all  the  Arab  slaves.  LU.  or  (2)  Tib. 
asleep.'  LU.  Or  the  whole  line  maybe  Alexander,  who  was  governor  of  Egypt, 
•fli^iied  to  the  husband  only.  brother  or  nephew  of   Philo  Judsus, 

127.  The  ordinary  routine  of  the  day's  procurator  of  JudaBa,  and  a  Roman 
employment  is  made  mach  the  same  by  knight.  Tac.  H.  i.  11.  ii.  79.  Eus.  ii. 
Martial;  primauUutantetatqtualtera  Gi.AL.  FA.  HO.  G.  or  (3)  Josephut, 
cmitimei  kerm.  Exereet  rmueat  tertia  to  whom  Vespasian  granted  a  triumphal 
emmtidiem^  In  quintam  mriMextendit  statue.  Hierooym.  PL.  Pi4.  Then  with 
IUmaUkaret:textaqiimla$m,teptima  regard  to  the  word  itself,  it  is  doubted 

Jimiterit.  SuffieitinnonamnUidiioctava  whether  it  should  be  Arabarchet  or 

fa4nrrii:    impent    exttruclim  frmngere  Alabareh€$\    see   P.  and    K%    ex- 

N«a«  torw.     Hvra  libeller um  decima  cureut. 


16 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  I. 


Cujus  ad  effigiem  non  tantutn  mejere  fas  est. 
Vestibulis  abeunt  veteres  lassique  dientes 
Votaque  deponunt,  quamquam  longissima  coense 
Spes  homini.     Caules  miseris  atque  ignis  emendus. 
135  Optima  silyarum  interea  pelagique  vorabit 

Rex  horum  vacuisque  tons  tantum  ipse  jacebit. 
Nam  de  tot  pulcris  et  latis  orbibus  et  tam 


131.  Pen.  i.  114.  PR.  *  It  is  allow- 
able  to  commit  any  nuisance.'  vi.  309. 
BRL  R. 

132.  See  95  sq.  Veterei  k  in  aggra- 
vation of  the  neglect.  R,  The  two 
classes  of  patron  and  client  compre- 
hended nearly  all  the  citizens  of  Rome. 
A  patron  was  a  man  of  rank  and  fortune, 
under  whose  care  the  meaner  people 
yoluntarily  put  themselves,  and,  in  con- 
sequence of  it,  were  denominated  his 
clients.  The  patron  assisted  his  client 
with  his  influence  and  advice,  and  the 
client,  in  return,  gave  his  vote  to  his 
patron,  when  he  sought  any  office  for 
nimself  or  friends.  The  client  owed  his 
patron  respect,  the  patron  owed  his  client 
protection.  The  early  Romans  threw  a 
sanctity  around  this  obligation  on  the 
patron  8  part.  It  was  eipressly  enforced 
Dy  a  law  of  the  Twelve  Tables :  patronus 
u  cHenti  fraudem  fecerlt,  sacer  esto, 
Virgil,  many  ages  after,  places  the  un- 
just patron  m  Tartarus,  among  the  vio- 
lators of  natural  and  moral  decorum: 
hie  quibtii  invisifratm,  puUatutve  parent, 
etfraut  innexa  c/tfn(f ;  i£.vi.608. 
This  sute  of  mutual  dependence,  which 
commenced  with  the  monarchy,  was  pro- 
ductive of  the  happiest  effects ;  till,  as 
riches  and  pride  increased,  new  duties 
were  imposed  on  the  clients :  they  were' 
harassed  with  constant  attendance,  and 
mortiGed  by  neglect;  in  a  word,  they 
were  little  better  than  slaves.  G. 

133.  Deponere  is  opposed  to  tuuipere. 
GR. 

Lmgmima  '  retained  to  the  very  last' 
or  '  cherished  all  day  long.'  Luciao 
(irt(2  «wv  iir)  fu^tf  ^wivrmv)  sayfi  of 
clients,  V  A)«viir  iXr/)«  ^«**v  w§XXks 
iniimt  iwftintf  and  «^«'^«t«u  mvrtTt 
•vDy  if  Iwmvri  ry  fitf  «'(^«  rni 
iX^iiis,  $.  7  and  8.  cf.  vi.  166. 
I7nle»  the  words  should  be  transposed 
thus  v&taque  deponunt  coena\  Umg^uima 
quanquam  tpet  haminit  according  to  the 
old  adage,  agroio  dvm  anima  ett  spet  tit. 


*  while  there  is  life  there  is  hope.' 
Hence  it  was  that  to  Hadrian's  question 
'  What  is  the  longest  thing  V  Epictetus 
answered '  Hope.'  R. 

134.  *  With  their  paltry  dole  they  have 
to  buy  a  bunch  or  greens  and  a  little 
firewood  on  their  way  home;  and  then 
they  must  wait  till  the  vegetables  are 
boiled,  before  they  can  appease  their 
hunger.' 

136.  BmnXus,  Lucian  repeatedly; 
Itwwirmt,  Id.  Nigr.  Rex;  v.  14.  137. 
viii.  161.  Hor.  1  Ep.  xvii.  43.  Mart 
III.  vii.  5.  V.  xxii.  14.  dominut;  v. 
81.  92.  147.  R.  Seneca  somewhere 
says  that  good  cheer,  without  a  friend  to 
partake  of  it,  is  the  entertainment  of  a 
wild  beast :  and  Alexis  abuses  a  man  for 
being  fuf»pdy0t.  G. 

Ipse,  as  mtfrif.  cf.  Aristoph.  Th.  472. 
541. 

At  their  meals,  the  men  used-  to  recline 
on  sofos,  and  the  ladies  sat  in  chairs. 
BO.  cf.  note  on  ii.  120.  R. 

137.  See  75.  OrlAi  denotes  '  the 
slab  of  a  round  table ;'  xi.  122.  173.  cf. 
iv.  132.  Mart  II.  xliii.  9  sq.  IX.  Ix. 
7  sqq.  Their  tables  were  originally 
square  ;  v.  2.  Varr.  iv.  25.  R.  It  was 
the  ancient  fashion  to  place  before  the 
guests  tables  with  the  viands,  and  not  to 
change  the  dishes  on  the  table.  They  had 
two  tables,  one  with  the  meat,  &c.  the 
other  with  the  dessert.  When  they  had 
eaten  as  much  meat  as  they  wished,  the 
table  itself  was  withdrawn,  and  the 
second  course  or  dessert  was  placed  be- 
fore tliem  on  a  fresh  table.  The  sq  n  a  re 
tables  went  out  of  faahiou  with  the  tri- 
clinia. The  new-fashioned  couch  was  of 
a  semicircular  form  called  sigma,  from 
its  shape  C ;  and  it  held  seven  or  eight 
persons;  Mart.  X.  xlviii.  5  sq.  XIV. 
Ixxxvii.  to  suit  these,  round  tables  were 
introduced.  As  luxury  advanced  the 
number  of  tables  was  increased  (some- 
times they  had  a  fresh  table  with  every 
course) ;  and  the  guests  either  remained 


SAT.  I.  OF  JUVENAL.  17 

Antiquis  una  comedunt  patrimonia  mensa. 

Nullus  jam  parasitus  erit !    Sed  quis  ferat  istas 
140  Luxuriae  sordes  ?    Quanta  est  gula,  quae  sibi  iotos 

Ponit  apros,  animal  propter  convivia  natum  ! 

PcBna  tamen  pr8esens9  quum  tu  deponis  amictus 

Turgidus  et  crudum  pavonem  in  balnea  portas. 

Hinc  subitse  mortes  atque  intestata  senectus. 
145  It  nova  nee  tristis  per  cunctas  fabula  coenas : 

Ducitur  iratb  plaudendum  funus  amicis. 
Nil  erit  ulterius,  quod  nostris  moribus  addat 

Posteritas :  eadem  cupiei^lpkcientque  minores. 


in  the  same  place  while  the  tables  were  141.  SuiUum  pecus  donatum  ab  natura 

changed,  or  else  remo?ed  to  the  fresh  dieunt  ad  epulandum;  Var.  R.  R. II. 

tables;  which  latter  Martial  calls  ambu-  iw.  10.  PR.    A  certain  philosopher  coa- 

Utmtetium;  Vll.xWiii.  Both  the  number  jectured  that  vf  was  the  same  as  fvg.  it 

and  size  of  these  tables  is  here  noticed.  %U  tu^numi  g^myh*  ftiffi^rtrnitMr  Clem. 

The  diameter  of  the  table,  which  consisted  Al.  Strom,  ii.  '  For  abanquet,  not  for 

of  a  single  slab,  would  depend  on  the  size  a  solitary  meal.'  R. 

of  the  dtnm  tree.    And  the  beauty  of  Nat  is  in  usum  latitia  scyphis  pug* 

the  wood  consisted  in  the  number  of  its  nare;   Hor.  I  Od.  xzvii.  1.  PR,    Ove$, 

knots    and    veins.      Whence   Petronius  placidum  pecus,  inque  tuendos  naium  ho» 

tMj%t  eitrmrum  metuarum  Africa  emtarum  mitiesi  Ov.  M.  xv.  116  sq.  M.     bovu, 

wmeuUs  mutari  auro  viliari,  et  censum  ita  atiimal  uatum  tolerate  labores ;  Id»  120  sq. 

tstrbari.    Their  antiquity  too  is  not  over-  [I^ivy  xxii,  4,  3.  £D.] 

looked:    they  had  been  famous  in  the  142.  Culpam  pcma  premit  comes ;  Hor. 

fiuDily  for  several  generations.    And  yet  IV  Od.v.  24.  GR,   III  Od.  ii.  31  sq.  R, 

amidst  all  this  profusion,  one  single  course  tunc  (ex  ebrietate)  pallor  et  gena  pendula, 

eoel  a  fortune !  There  seems  an  allusion  oeuUn-um  ukera,  tremulce  manus  ^uw 

to  the  gluttony  of  Clodius  .£sopu8,  the  denies  plena  vasa ;    et  f  uam  sit  poena 

actor,  and  his  son.     Plio.  iz.  35.  z.  51.  prasens,  furiales  somni  et  inquies  noc- 

Hor.  US.  iii.239  sqq.  HN.    Plut  Luc.  turna  ostendunt ;  Plio.  xiv.  22.  BRI. 

p.  318  sq.  Anton.  V.  p.  149.    Suet.  Cal.  Primus  Q.  Hortensius  augurali  coma 

37.  Vit.  13.  R,  LU.  LI,  AD.  dicitur  pavones  posuiste.     Quorum  pretia 

139.  '  The  parasite'  («'«#«  ^Trip)  paid  statim  extulerunt  muki,  ita  ut  otfa  eorum 
for  his  dinner  by  flattery  of  bis  host.  PA.  denariis  venirent  quinis,  ipsi  facile  qnin- 
Terenoe  has  given  a  masterly  portrait  of  guageuis;  Macr.  Sat.  iii.  13.  PR.  The 
such  a  character  in  his  Gnatho.  M,  flesh  of  this  bird  is  very  indigestible. 

'  One  consolation  b,  that  the  breed  of  Aug.  de  Civ.  D.  zzi.  4.  AS. 

pansilet  will  become  extinct !  and  yet  it  143.  Pers.  iii.  98  sqq.  PR,  crudi  tu- 

msMj  be  ooestioned  whether  even  a  para-  midique  lavemur;  Hor.  I  £p.  vL  61.  M. 

ste  eoold  sit  still  and  see  such  a  disgust-  145.  Avar  us,  nisi  cum  moritur,  non  recte 

tog  exhibition  of  selfish  gluttony.'  facit,  GR^. 

140.  O  fuoMta  est  gula, eenties  comesse I  146.  Tristia  fu nera  ducunf,  Virg. 
MarL  V.  Ixx.  5.  memorahUe  magni  gut-  G.  iv.  256.  Pers.  105  sq.  cf.  Kund.  vi. 
tmrit  exvmpUm;  ii.  113.  R,  P.  Ser-  33  sq.  LU.  The  friends  are  annoyed, 
vilins  Rulltts  was  the  first  who  had  a  both  at  the  selfishness  of  the  deceased, 
wild  boar  dressed  whole.  Plin.  viii.  51.  and  at  their  having  no  legacies  from  him. 
PR.   cf.  T.  116.    Suet.  Tib.  34.  Mart  M. 

VII.  liz.     It  was  often  the  top  dish.  147.  See  87.  R. 

Antony  bad   eight   served    up;    Plut.  148.  Minores,  understand   natu,    M. 

Caranns  had  one  to  each  gnest;  Ath.  ii.  146.viii.  234.  opposed  to  veteres;  xiv. 

iv.  1.  R.  189.  to  mq/orn;  Ov.Tr.IV.z.  55.  R. 

D 


18  THE  SATIRES  sat.  i. 

Omne  in  prsecipiti  vitium  stetit.     Utere  velis ; 
150  Totos  pande  sinus.     Dicas  hie  forsitan  ^^  Unde 

Ingenium  par  materise  ?  unde  ilia  priorum 

Scribendi,  quodcumque  animo  flagrante  liberet 

Simplicitas,  cujus  non  audeo  dicere  nomen  ? 

Quid  refert  dictis  ignoscat  Mucius,  an  non  ? 
155  Pone  Tigellinum:  tseda  lucebis  in  ilia, 

Qua  stantes  ardent,  qui  fixo  gutture  fumant, 

Et  latum  media  suleum  diducis  arena." 

149.  '  The  climax  is  now  complete:  praved  favourites,  whose  enmity  it  would 
▼ice  has  reached  its  acme.'  [LiYy  xxiv,  oe  perilous  to  provoke.  G.  VS,  Mart. 
7,  1.  ED.J  III.  XX.  16.  GRiE.  PR,     Suet.  Galb. 

The  poet  here  encourages  himself  to  15.  Pone  may  mean  '  pourtray;*  Pers.i. 

give  full  scope  to  his  indignation  in  a  70.     Hor.  A.  P.  34.    jR. 

familiar  metaphor,  cf.  Virg.  G.  ii.  41.  Tada— fumant.    The    dreadful    fire, 

iv.  1 17.     Hor.  I  Od.  xxxiv.  4.    II  Od.  which  laid  waste  a  great  part  of  Rome  in 

X.  23.  IV  Od.  XY.  4.  &CC.  R,  the  reign  of  Nero,  was  found  to  have 

150.  From  unde  to  arena,  157.  is  an  broken  out  in  the  house  of  Tigellinus. 
anticipation  of  the  objections  supposed  His  notorious  intimacy  with  the  emperor 
to  be  made  by  a  friend.  BRL  corroborated  the  general  suspicion  that 

161.  Observe  the  hiatut  in  materia  the  conflagration  was  owing  to  dedgo. 

unde.  See  ii.  26.  iii.  70.  v.  158.  vi.  247.  Nero  was  exasperated  at  the  discovery, 

468.  &c.  R,  and  to  avert  the  odium  from  his  favourite, 

Priores  vix.  Eupolis,  Cratinus,  Aris-  basely  taxed  the  Christians  with  setting 

tophanes,    Lucilius,    Cato    Censorious,  fire  to  the  house.    Thousands  of  those 

Terentius  Varro,  and  Horace.  PR.   cf.  innocent  victims  were  sacrificed  in  con- 

Hor.  II  S.  i.  62.  R,  sequence  :  muUitndo  ingens  convieti  ntnt : 

153.  Simplicitatt  w»ffnr!m.  *  The  un-  et  pereuntibta  addita  ludibria,  utferarum 
utterable  name'  was  libertas,  BRI,  tergis  contecti,  laniatu  eanum  interirent, 
cf.  Suet.  Cal.  27.  PR,  aut  crucibusadjtxi,autftammandi',  atque, 

154.  See  Pers.  i.  1 14  sq.  *  T,  Mucius  ubi  defeduet  dies,  in  usum  naeturni  luminis 
AUmtius  had  sufficient  magnanimity  and  urerentur :  lunrtos  suas  ei  spectaeub  Nero 
wisdom  to  disregard  the  attacks  of  Lu-  obtuleratf  et  circense  ludicrum  edebat ; 
cilius;  but  had  it  been  otherwise,  the  Tac.  An.  xv.  44.  G.  This  was  called 
satirist  would  have  little  to  dread  from  his  tunica  punire  molesta;  viii.  235.  BRO, 
resentment.'  VS,  M,  circumdati  d^xis  ccrparibus  ignes;  Sen. 

155.  *  Dare  to  put  down  the  name  of  de  Ira,  iii.  3.  LI,  cogita  illam  tunicam 
Tigellinus,  and  you  will  be  treated  as  an  alimentis  ignium  iUitam  et  intextam,  ei 
incendiary.'  C,  Offonius  Tigellinus  of  quicquid  prater  hac  scevitia  commenta  eti ; 
Agrigentum  was  recommended  to  the  Id.  ad  Lucil.  PR,  Id,  £p.  xiv.  R* 
notice  of  Nero  by  his  debaucheries.  157,  Homines defoderuntmterramdimi- 
After  the  murder  of  Burrbus,  he  sue-  diatos,ignemquecireumposuerunt',ita  inter' 
ceeded  to  the  command  of  the  prastorian  fecerunt;  Cat.ap.Gell.iii.  14.  GRO,  [Sup- 
guards,  and  abused  his  ascendancy  over  posing  this  tobe  the  case  here,we  may  read 
the  emperor  to  the  most  dreadful  pur-  (or,  at  any  rate,  interpret)  the  line  thus ; 
poses.  He  afterwards  betrayed  him ;  by  El  latum  medius  suleum  diducis  arena,  cf. 
which,  and  other  acts  of  perfidy,  he  Livyv,38;  xxi,55,5;(DR.)xliv,33.£D.1 
secured  himself  during  Galba's  short  The  ground  in  which  the  stake  was  fixed 
reign.  He  was  put  to  death  by  Otho,  to  appears  to  have  been  more  or  less  exca- 
the  great  jov  of  the  people,  and  died,  as  rated  ;  pcma  Flavii  Veiano  Nigra  tribuno 
he  had  lived,  a  profligate  and  a  coward,  mandatur,  is  proximo  in  agro  scrobem 
See  59.  Who  is  here  designated  by  the  effodijussit,  quam  Flavius  vt  humilem  et 
name  ofTigellinus,  cannot  now  be  known;  angustam  increpabat;  Tac.  An.  xt. 
even  in  Trajan's  reign  there  were  de-  Scrobem  tibi Jifri  coram  imperatdimen' 


SAT.  I.  OF  JUVENAL.  19 

Qui  dedit  ergo  tribus  patruis  aconita^  vehatur 
Pensilibus  plumis  atque  illinc  despiciat  nos  ? 

160  *^  Quum  veniet  contra,  digito  compesce  labellum. 
Accusator  erit,  qui  verbum  dixerit,  hic  est. 
Securus  licet  ^neam  Rutulumque  ferocem 
Committas:  nuUi  gravis  est  percussus  Achilles, 
Aut  multum  queesitus  Hylas  umamque  sequutus. 

165  Ense  velut  stricto  quoties  Lucilius  ardens 
Infremuit,  rubet  auditor,  cui  frigida  mens  est 
Criminibus;  tacita  sudant  praecordia  culpa. 
Inde  irse  et  lacrumae.     Tecum  prius  ergo  voluta 
Haec  animo  ante  tubas:  galeatum  sero  duelli 

9u$  ad  emrporis  ni  modulum  ipft  Nero;  not  you  be  content,  as  well  as  others, 

Suet.  Ker.  49.    These  executions  often  with   the   Legend  of   Whittington,  the 

took  place  '  in  the  centre  of  the  arena  of  Story  of  Queen  Eleanor,  and  the  rearing 

tbe  amphitheatre.'   Suet.  Cal.  7.   PIL  of  London  Bridge  upon  woolsacks  1"  G. 
nemo  spectator  miserat  voluptates  unco  et         163.  Committere  is  a  metaphor  from 

ignikuf  expiavit ;  Plin.  Pan.  xxxiii.  3.  R,  '  matching'  a  pair  of  gladiators  *  against 

or  *  Yon  labour  in  vain,  as  if  you  were  each  other.'  GUM,  vi,  378.  436.  Luc. 

ploughing  the  sand.'  cf.  vii.  48  sq.  M.  i.  97.  11, 

156.   Here  the  author  replies  indig-         Nee  nocei  auetori,   mollem    qui  fecit 

nantly.   LU.    See   67.   PR,    *  Wolfs-  Achillem,    infregisse    suis    mollia   facta 

bane'  may  be  put  for  poison  generally :  modis  ;  Ov.  Tr.  ii.  411  sq.  GR,    AchiUn 

iuridaterribiiesmiicent  aconitanoverca',  was  shot  with  an  arrow  by  Paris.  PA. 

Or.  Met.  i.  147.  Af.    Jd.  vii.  418  sqq.  Horn.  II.  X  359.   Od.  n  36  sqq.   Virg. 

Virg.  G.  ii.  162.  R.  JE,  vi.  67.  K. 

159.  '  On  pensile  couch  of  down.'  VS.        164.  '  Sought  fur  by  Hercules  and  the 

160.  The  friend  now  speaks.  Argonauts.'    Virg.  £.  v\,  43  sq.  PR, 
Contra  '  in  your  way ;'  Mart.  V.  iv.  6.  G.  iii.  6.  R, 

XIV.  Ixii.  R.  165.  Secuit  LncHiu$  urbem;    Pers.  i. 

161.  *  He  will  be  regarded  in  the  li^ht  1 14.  PR.  Hot.  I  S.  iv.  1  sqq.  II  S.  i. 
o{  an  accuser,  who  shall  but  have  whis-  62  sqq.  JR.  cf.  Suet.  Cal.  53.  Hor. 
pered  "  That's  he"  !'  H.  even  although  III  Od.  i.  17  sqq.  In  Randolph's  En- 
these  words  are  generally  used  in  a  tertainment  there  is  an  admirable  para- 
^avoorable sense;  as  Pers.  i.  28.  Mart.  V.  phrase  of  this  passage:  *'  When  1  but 
xiii.  3.  R.  or  *  If  a  person  does  but  say  frown'd  in  my  Lucilius'  brow,  Each  con- 
*'  That's  he!*'  he  will  have  an  informa-  scious  cheek  grew  red,  and  a  cold  trem- 
tion  laid  against  him.'  PR.  bliog  Freezed  the  chill  soul,  while  every 

162.  *  You  may  without  apprehension  guilty  breast  Stood,  fearful  of  dissection, 
handle  epic  themes.'  '  The  Rutulian'  is  as  afraid  To  be  anatomized  by  that  skil- 
Tomiis.  PR.  cf.  Hor.  II  S.  i.  10  sqq.  R.  ful  hand,  And  have  each  artery,  nerve. 
Not  mim,  qui  in  foro  verisque  I'uibus  and  vein  of  sin.  By  it  laid  open  to  the 
terimur,  multum  malitice,  qttamvis  noUmuSf  public  scorn."  G. 

mddi*eimu»:  tehola  et  auditorium,  ut  ficta  166.  '  It  shudders;'  '  the  blood  runs 

eauea,  ita  rei  inermis  innoxia  est ;  Plin.  cold.'  M.    formidine  turpi  frigida  corda 

There  is  the  same  idea  in  the  Knight  of  tremunt ;  Sil.  ii.  338.  R. 

the  Burning  Pestle:     "  Prol.  By  your  168.  Hinc  illce  lacrumce !  Ter.  And.  I. 

sweet  &T0ur  we  intend  no  harm  to  the  i.  99.  GRM. 

dty.     Cit.  No,  sir!    yes,  sir.     If  you  Virg.  iE.  iv.  533.  vi.  158.  185.   R. 

were  not  resolved  to  play  the  jack,  what  169.  Tubas  is  here  put  for  classica  '  the 

need  yon  study  for  new  subjects  pur-  sounds  of  the  truTnpet'  GRM.  cur  ante 

pofdy  to  abuse  yonr  betters'?  Why  could  tub  am  tremor  occvpat  arlus;  Virg.  il^. 


^ 


THE  SATIRES  OF  JUVENAL. 


SAT.  I. 


170  Pcenitet"     Experiar,  quid  concedatur  in  illos, 
Quorum  Flaminia  tegitur  cinis  atque  Latina. 


xi.  424.  cf.  Sil.  ix.  52.  Claud,  fn  Ruf. 
i.  333.  dt  L.  Stil.  i.  192.  R.  Juvenal 
is  Tery  fond  of  adopting  Virgilian  expres- 
sions; see  61.  ii.  99.  100.  vi.  44.  (cf.  i. 
36.)  xii.  94.  &c.  HR. 

Gateatus  denotes  not  merely  *  a  soldier,' 
as  in  viii.  238.  but  one  who  has  buckled 
on  his  helmet  (cf.  vi.  252.))  since  it 
appears  from  Trajan's  Pillar,  that  before 
soldiers  went  into  battle,  their  helmets 
were  suspended  from  the  right  shoulder. 
HR, 

Sero;  compare  St  Luke  xiv.  31. 

Diieilnm  is  the  ancient  form  of  helium, 
and  hence  the  word  yerduellU.  F. 
.    170.  The  Poet  declares  that  he  will 


wage  war  on  the  dead  alone.  PR, 
Hall,  on  the  contrary,  says,  "  I  will  not 
ransack  up  the  quiet  grave,  Nor  bum 
dead  bones  as  he  example  gave;  I  tax 
the  living,  let  the  ashes  rest.  Whose 
faults  are  dead,  and  nailed  in  their  chest.'* 
Yet  Hall,  like  Juvenal,  makes  use  of  the 
names  of  those  departed.  G. 

171.  *  The  Flaminian  and  Latin  vniys,' 
as  well  as  the  Appian,  were  adorned  on 
either  side  with  the  sepulchres  of  many 
illustrious  men :  VS.  v.  55.  for  the  laws 
of  the  Twelve  Tables  prohibited  sepulture 
within  the  walls.  The  Latin  way  led  to 
Sinuessa.  PR, 


SATIRE    11. 


ARGUMENT. 

This  Satire,  in  point  of  time,  was  probably  the  first  which  Juvenal  wrote. 
It  contains  an  irregular  but  animated  attack  upon  the  hypocrisy  of 
philosophers  and  reformers ;  whose  wickedness  it  exposes  with  just  se- 
verity, 1 — 28.  Domitian  here  becomes  the  hero :  and  the  poet  must  have 
had  an  intrepid  spirit  to  produce  and  circulate,  though  but  in  private, 
such  a  faithful  picture  of  that  ferocious  tyrant,  at  once  the  censor  and 
the  pattern  of  profligacy,  29  sqq.  The  corruption,  beginning  at  the 
head,  is  represented  as  rapidly  spreading  downwards,  34 — 81. 

Such  was  the  depravity  and  impiety,  that  a  club  was  formed  to  dress  up  as 
females  and  burlesque  the  rites  of  the  Good  Goddess,  82 — 114.  There 
were  even  instances  of  men  marrying  each  other,  115 — 142.  and  of 
Roman  nobles  degrading  themselves  by  playing  the  gladiator,  143 — 148. 

Infidelity  was  now  universal.  How  would  the  heroes  of  primitive  Rome 
receive  in  the  shades  below  their  degenerate  posterity  I  149 — 158.  Even 
the  victorious  progress  of  the  Roman  arms  served  but  to  diffuse  corrup- 
tion more  widely,  169 — 170.  G.  R, 

There  is  a  close  correspondence  between  this  Satire  and  Dio  Chrysost. 
•^)  0X^if^^**  Orat,  Alex,  hab,  HX, 


22 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  II. 


Ultra  Sauromatas  fugere  hinc  libet  et  glacialem 
Oceanum,  quoties  aliquid  de  moribus  audent, 
Qui  Curios  simulant  et  Bacchanalia  vivunt. 
Indocti  primum;  quamquam  plena  omnia  gypso 
6  Chrysippi  invenias.     Nam  perfectissimus  horum  est, 
Si  quis  Ariistotelem  similem  vel  Pittacon  emit, 
Et  jubet  archetypos  pluteum  servare  Cleanthas. 
Fronti  nulla  fides.     Quis  enim  non  vicus  abundat 
Tristibus  obscoenis?    Castigas  turpia,  quum  sis 


1.  '  Fain  would  I  flee.*  cf.  xt.  171  sq. 
Prop.  II.  zxz.  2.  R,  Hor.  Ill  Od.  x.  1. 

loe  Sauromata,  or  Sarmatof,  (iii.  79. 
Herod,  iy.  21.  &c.)  inhabited  the  banks 
oftheTanaisand  Borysthenes;  GR.  PR. 
the  province  of  Astracao. 

The  icy  or  northern  ocean :  et  qua 
hruma  rigent  ae  nacia  vere  remitti,  ad- 
ttringit  Scythico  glacialtm  Jrigore 
pontutni  Luc.  i.  17.  M, 

2.  Understand  doure,  scrihere,  aut  dit' 
puiare,  GR,  In  this  line,  as  in  vv.  40, 
63,  and  121,  there  is  a  side  blow  at  the 
Perpetual  Censorship  which  Domilian 
had  assumed.  HR, 

3.  Simulare  *  to  pretend  to  be  what  one 
is  not;*  ditsimulare  *  to  pretend  not  to 
be  what  one  is.' 

M*.  Curius  Dentatus,  thrice  consul, 
conqueror  of  the  Sabines,  Samnites,  Lu- 
canians,  and  Pyrrhus,  was  a  pattern  of 
frugality  and  integrity.  Val.  Maxim, 
iv.  3,  5.  Plin.  xviii.  3.  PR.  x\.  78  sqq. 
Adspicii  incamptis  ilium,  Dedane,  ca- 
pillisl  (cf.  Hor.  I  Od.  xii.  41  sqq.) 
eujui  et  ipse  times  triste  supercilium  ;  au i 
loquitur  Curios, assertoresqueCamiltift: 
noli  to  fronti  credere;  Martl.xxT. 
VII.  Iviii.  7  sq.  IX.  xxviii.  5 sqq.  Quid"^. 
si  quis  vultu  torvo  /erus,  et  pede  nudo, 
exiguaque  toga  simu  let  textore  Cato- 
n  e  m,  tfirtutemne  reprasentet  moresque  Ca- 
tonisi  Hor.  I  £p.  xix.  12  sqq.  R. 

Bacchanalia:  cf.  Liv.  xxxix.  8  sqq.  PR. 
A  Grecism  for  bacchantium  more.  M, 
Nunc  Satyrum,  nunc  agrestem  Cyclop  a 
movetur\  Hor.  II  £p.  ii.  125.  In 
these  rites  the  grossest  vices  were  prac- 
tised  under  the  cloak  of  religion.  R. 

4.  These  unlearned  pretenders  had 
brought  out  of  the  schools  little  wisdom, 
but  plenty  of  conceit.  HR, 

V  nderstand  loca ;  *  every  comer  of 
their  libraries  and  halls.*  LV, 

Gypso  '  of  plaster  casts  or  busts.'  LV, 


5.  Chryiippus,  the  Stoic,  pupil  of  Zeno 
and  Cleanthes.  LU,    Pen.  vi.  80.  PR, 

Est  i.  e.  in  their  estimation.  LU. 

6.  '  A  ftic-simile  of  Aristotle,'  the 
Stagyrite,  pupil  of  Plato,  founder  of  the 
Peripatetic  sect,  tutor  of  Alexander  the 
great.  PR.  Thus  similem  te  '  an  image 
of  thee;'  Stat.  I  S.  i.  101.  II  S.  ni. 
129.  Mart.  IX.  cii.  1.  R. 

Pittaeut,  Dictator  of  Mitylene,  one  of 
the  seven  sages.  LU. 

7.  *  Originals'  (^xh  rotci)-  T.  Mart 
VII.  X.  4.  XII.  Ixix.  2.  R. 

Pluteum  '  the  bookcase.'  VS.  Pers.  ▼• 
106.  PR. 

Cleanthes,  originally  a  pugilist,  was 
afterwards  pupil  of  Zeno,  and  bis  succes- 
sor in  the  Stoic  School :  while  student  he 
was  so  poor  that  he  used  to  work  at 
night  in  drawing  water  for  gardeners,  and 
was  hence  called  ^^UfrXfis.  L  U.  There* 
fore  some  prefer  the  reading  puteum, 
VA.  GRJE.  H.  Pers.  v.  64.  PR. 

If  Lucian  had  read  Juvenal,  he  might 
have  this  passage  in  his  thought  when 
he  wrote  his  Illiterate  Book-collector. 
Locher,  who  translated  Brandt's  Ship  of 
Fools,  had  undoubtedly  both  Lucian  and 
Juvenal  before  him,  when  he  gave  the 
foil  owing  version:  spem  quoquenec  parvam 
rolUcta  volumina  prtebent,  ealleo  nee  ver- 
bum,  nee  libri  sentio  mentem,  attamen  in 
magna  per  me  servantur  honore.  G. 

9.  *  Solemn  debauchees :'  eerumnosique 
Solones,  obstipo  capite  et  figentes  lumine 
terram'y  Pers. iii.  79.  G A.  Phibsophi  vul. 
turn  et  tristitiam  et  dissentientem  a 
ceteris  habiium  pessimis  moribus  preeten- 
dunt;  Quint.  I.  pr.  §,  15.  Pigriti^t 
atTogantitiris  (homiuen),  qui,  subitofronte 
conficla  immissaque  barba,  paulum  cdiquid 
sederunt  in  scholis  philosophorum,ut  deinde 
in  publico  tristes,  domi  dissoluti,  cap- 
tarent  auctoritatem  contemtu  cetercrum  ; 
Id.  XII.  iii.  12.  HR. 


SAT.  11.  OF  JUVENAL.  23 

10  iDter  Socraticos  notissima  fossa  cinsedos. 

Hispida  membra  quidem  et  durae  per  brachia  setae 
Promittunt  atrocem  animum ;  sed  podice  levi 
Caeduntur  tumidae,  medico  ridente,  mariscae. 
Rams  sermo  illis  et  magna  lubido  tacendi 

15  Atque  supercilio  brevior  coma.     Venus  ergo 
Et  magis  ingenue  Peribomius.     Hunc  ego  fatis 
Imputo,  qui  vultu  morbum  incessuque  fatetur. 
Horum  simplicitas  miserabilis ;  his  furor  ipse 
Dat  yeniam :  sed  pejores,  qui  talia  verbis 

20  Herculis  invadunt  et  de  virtute  loquuti 

Outigat,  ^tf.  cf.  Rom.  ii.  1.  M.  Pen.  iii.  54.  LU.  <E^nr/v  §vx  iriMxi  nifin 

10.  '  The  most  notoiious  sink  of  all  was  the  opinion  of  Phocyllides.  GR. 
the  deprayed  pretenders  to  Socratic  phi-  cf.  1  Cor.  xi.  14.  M.  There  is  humour 
losophj.'  As  Juvenal  admired  Socrates,  in  the  use  of  tupereilio,  as  alluding  to 
liii.  185  sqq.  xiv.  320.  and  is  here  attack-  their  affectation  of  superciliousness.  ▼. 
ing  hypocrisy,  (Mart.  IX.  zlviii.  ft.)  the  62.  ft. 

alteration  of  the  text  to  Sotadicot  is  worse  Verius  '  with  more  candour.'  Cic.  Or. 

than  unnecessary,  for  Sotades  was  no  ii.  86.  ft. 

hypocrite.  G.  16.  A  fictitious  name,  from  n^}  and 

11.  Cf.  ix.  15.  jvr.  194.  Mart.  II.  jSa^^^^, in  allusion  perhaps  to  the  dissolute 
ixTfL  VI.  Wi.  ft.  Ov.  Met.  xiiL  850.  pneste  of  Cybele.   VS, 

LU,    These  were  Sunci  pane  Cynici;  Pa<ts '  to  an  unfortunate  constitution.' 

Cic  Off.  i.  35.  HR,  Stupet  hie  vitio;  Pers.  iii.  32.     '  To  a 

12.  V.  Flacc.  i.  272.  Claud,  iv.  Cons,  malign  horoscope.'    Pft.   cf.  Manil.  v. 
Hon.  521.   Spondtt ;  YU.   134.  ^rturm,  105.  G ft.  '  To  irresistible  destiny.' ft. 
Horn.  II.  r  83.  E  83i2.  I  241.  ft.  17.  '  His  sin  and  its  consequences.'  v. 

Atrox  aiitmuf  CaUmit',   Hor.  II  50.  ix.  49.  Rom.  i.  27,  latter  part.  Af. 
Od.  i.  24.  ft.  Fatetur  *  manifests,'  *  openly  shows.'  x. 

"  Bat  all  so  smooth  below !  the  surgeon  172.  xv.  132.    Perhaps  quern  would  be 

miles.  And  scarcely  cin,  for  laughter,  preferable  to  qui.  R. 
lance  the  piles."  G.  18.  *  Of  him  and  the  like.'  ft. 

14.  The  Pythagorean  philoeophers  ex-         Vera  sitnplicitate  bomu ;  Mart.  I. 

acted  rig:id  silence  from  their  pupils.  Gft.  xl.  4.  ft. 

Im^mp  mSfrtvt  n»0fumt  fieiSJ^^rtrat,  avc/3i-  ''To  be  pitied.'  r»vT»yt  \ku7rim  r^«r- 

/BxiuufMV  tiermXm  Pff^ttttrms  kti  Jiiit-     ti»U'  Gal.  de  Us.  Part.  xi.  et*m  /am  Mgeirt- 
»        i_    -.--    >-    _*„    _*.'_.-       !^.* ' ^  _i.  *-r i_*.     / 


«vft»  ifi^  •M*  mZ  trmte  It   ri   Jt^a^c^tt  ^Mvrm  ««}  JtimtTt  •um  ii^fvfAtft  W)  r^f 

Stut^tMWurrnt  in  f«rXiisT«v  sTmu  »m  mmt-  «mv«v  i«>/vifv  JiT»k»yiaf  »arm^vytTf  (Xiytt 

Mt  JkTtji^wSt,  JiXX'  M  T»v  fa,ie»»  Mmrmevn-  ^  m   rixn*  »»)  fUt(»9  ««}  ttftut^ftifttf) 

f$mTH,  i  M  ti^i0T§9  tltrmvrtf  tsfrnt  ^arit   n  «cJ  wa^eururitu  ^tfyytttfAnt  tx,*n  fjft  r»us 

Ttirmw  ixiym  f$t  fuXit.  ix.i*f  '^v  tberaXnt  irtrifuirrmtt  itiirat  iit  otiiMt  ^fAUt  zugti, 

A  Jt9mfi«X^  mm  i  ^tiytm  fUltvf  jmi)  Iv  }QgSf  JtXX*  uxi  rtftt  «^i/rr0Mr,  fMiXX»f  ti  fu»t 

h   MMt^i    jmi)   x^   ^**   ^X^'*^*'*    ''^  ^''^   T^cu(fifAiM0f    Ayifitim.    tux    tzirrtt, 

^mUffkAvtn  umL  iMv^Sf  ^MvyiyMwrxuv  rMt  «AA*  Awina  irmtra^'m^tf  Svrif.  &  «v  Xiytt- 

Jk^S^TUH'    ii  )*   Av  fiti  IxV   ^*^*   fi^^^  A**'  ^  wuifAir  Luc.  'Ar.  r.  r  1  fMtri  rvv. 

^uwi^mm^  ^  mrni  ^^•fr«m»«#  ri  w^tt^n^  9.  ft. 

kr^UmtfimmH   ««)    kr^^^Xnrut  \    Luc         19.  '  They  may  be  acquitted  on  the 

Uennot  18.  ft.  ground  of  insani^.' 

15.  The  Stoics,  who  were  the  most        With  (a^ta  understand  ^gifta  or  vttia. 

ligid  lect,  (64  sq.  It.  76.)  cut  their  hair  cf.  34. 

qoile  ckMe  to  the  head ;  whence  the  pro-        20. '  Herculean,' or '  in  such  language 

verb  erinff  Stoiev J ;  and  dcfmuajuvcntiu ;  as  Prodicus  has  put  in  the  mouth  of 


24 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  II. 


Clunem  agitant    ^<  Ego  te  ceventem,  Sexte^  yerebor?* 
Infamis  Varillus  ait.     "  Quo  deterior  te  ? 
Loripedem  rectus  derideat,  ^tbiopem  albus* 
Quis  tulerit  Gracchos  de  seditione  querentes  ? 
25  Quis  coelum  terns  non  misceat  et  mare  coelo, 
Si  fur  displieeat  Verri,  bomicida  Miloni  ? 
Clodius  accuset  moechos,  Catilina  Cethegum  ? 


Hercules.'  GRAi,  (cf.  Pers.  v.  34  sq. 
PR,)  XeD.  Mem.  ii.  1.  Cic.  Off. 
i.  32.  M.  imcv^mr*,  S  Irtiatttt  [or 
ISriatttflt    7^ir«^M     X^(»v,    kiy»t9    uirB" 

«"#}»  i  rif  09(p»f  %c»tm.  mvr»)  »aTaf^»^urt' 
««/  kkl^itifh  Imttrim  w^a.re»*rts  •If 
r^ay^itTt    4(uXXt7rt    yif.     •rt    )>?   ftii 

Herin.  in  A  then.  xiiL  15.  p.  563.  R, 
These  Stoics  affected  to  imitate  Hercules. 
HR, 

21.  <  Act  the  wanton.' 
Qmtntem  *  indulging  in  lewdness.' 

22.  Varillus,  a  beggarly  debauchee, 
being  threatened  with  punishment  by 
Seitut,  a  magistrate  of  depraved  cha- 
racter, takes  occasion  to  shelter  himself 
by  recrimination.  He  aggravates  the 
hypocrisy  of  his  judge  by  various  ex- 
amples, till  the  accumulated  force  of  the 
charge  is  turned  upon  Domitian.  G. 
cf.  Hor.  II  S.  viL  40  sqq.  R.  Pers.  iv. 
23  sq.  GR. 

23.  *  One  who  has  his  legs  twisted 
like  a  thong.'  PR. 

Vieiiiia  so/ii  taqu§  ad  tpeeUm  nigri 
eolorit  exuuit  jEthiopaM,  torridcB  »ii- 
mirum  tonte  $ubjecto$  ;  Macrob.  de  Som. 
Sc.  ii.  10.  Plin.  u.  78.  Diod.  iv.  1. 
PR, 

Qui  alterum  accusal  prt^if  eum  ipsum 
se  intueri  ttpartet ;  Plant.  True.  I.  ii.  58. 
GR,    St  Matth.  vii.  3—5.  M. 

24.  Ti,  and  C,  Sempronii  Gracchi  were 
brothers,  nobly  descended  and  virtuously 
educated,  but  too  ambitious  for  their 
times.  To  carry  an  Agrarian  law,  which 
they  had  proposed,  they  stuck  at  no 
means  however  inconsistent  with  that 
liberty  of  which  they  were  the  professed 
champions.  They  both  met  witti  violent 
deaths,  the  former  at  the  hands  of  Sdpio 
Nasica,  the  latter  about  thirteen  years 
afterwards,  by  order  of  the  consul 
Opimius.  Of  their  characters  Dio  says : 
\»t4f0t  fih  ««-'  k^trnf  U  fiX»rifA4a9.  umi 
l|  myrnt  if  Mmumf  IjQiiuttXtf   »vrts  il  r«^- 


fr.  90.  Cicero  speaks  in  high  terms  of 
the  abilities  of  the  younger  brother: 
T.  Gracchum  sequutut  est  C.  Gracchus, 
quo  ingenio!  quatUa  gravitate  dicendi,  ut 
doUrent  boni  amnes,  nan  Ula  tanta  oma- 
meuta  ad  meliorem  mentem  vMuntatemqut 
esse  conversa;  de  Ar.  Resp.  41.  From 
the  present  passage  it  appears  that  Ju- 
venal thought  them  seditious;  they 
certainly  set  a  pernicious  example  to  the 
ambitious  men  of  the  subset^uent  age. 
After  Sylla,  Marius,  and  Cmna  had 
devastated  the  commonwealth  by  their 
sanguinary  feuds  and  proscriptions,  the 
people,  weary  of  fierce  contentions  from 
which  they  gained  nothing,  threw  them- 
selves into  the  arms  of  tyranny,  the  ordi- 
nary refuge  from  the  evils  of  licentious 
anarchy.  G. 

25.  An  imitation  of  non  si  terra  mari 
miscebitur,  et  mare  caelo ;  Lucr.  iii.  854. 
'  Who  would  not  exclaim,  O  ccelum,  O 
terra,  0  maria  NeptuniT  Ter.  Ad.  V.  iii. 
4.  LU,  vi.  283  sq.  Virg.  M,  i.  133. 
V.  790.  Liv.  iv.  3.  ^^  yn  r%f  ^v^mti* 
afmfitfiix^m'  Luc.  Prom.  9.  R.  *'  O 
all  you  host  of  heaven !  O  earth  !  What 
elsel  And  shall  I  couple  hell  V  Shaksp. 
Ham.  I.  V.     See  note  on  75. 

26.  The  extortions  of  C.  Verres,  in 
Gaul,  Cilicia,  and  more  especially  in 
Sicily,  where  he  was  proconsul,  are  well 
known  from  Cicero's  orations.  R. 

T.  Anvius  MHo  killed  P.  Clodius,  and 
was  defended  unsuccessfully  by  Cicero. 
M, 

27.  P.  Clodius  was  guilty  of  incest 
with  his  own  sister,  and  of  adultery  with 
Pompeia,  the  wife  of  Caesar.  He  was  a 
bitter  enemy  of  Cicero,  and  the  chief 
author  of  his  banishment.  GR£,  M, 
This  name  is  the  same  as  Claudius.  R. 

L.  Sergius  Catilina  and  Cam,  Cethegut 
were  accomplices  in  the  formidable  con- 
spiracy which  was  frustrated  by  the 
exertions  of  Cicero.  Sail.  Cat.  PR, 
Tiu.231.  X.287.  R. 


SAT.  II.  OF  JUVENAL.  25 

In  tabulam  Sullae  d  dicant  discipuli  tres? 
Qualis  erat  nuper  tragico  poUutus  adulter 

30  Concubitu,  qui  tunc  leges  revocabat  amaras 
Omnibus  atque  ipsis  Veneri  Martique  timendas, 
Quum  tot  abortivis  fecundam  Julia  vulvam 
Solveret  et  patruo  similes  efiunderet  offas." 
Nonne  igitur  jure  ac  merito  vitia  ultima  fictos 

35  Contemnunt  Scauros  et  castigata  remordent  ? 
Non  tulit  ex  illis  torvum  Lauronia  quemdam 

28.  'The  proscription-list.'  Flor.  iii.  30.  <  The  Julian  and Scatinian  laws;* 

21.  V.  Mar.  ix.  2.  GR^.  the  former  against  adultery,  the  latter 

SmUm :  see  i.  16.  against  unnatural  vices :  44.  Suet.  8.  The 

Dieert  in  may  be  either  '  to  inveigh  epigrammatist  makes  this  re-enactment 

•gainst,  as  accusers/  or '  to  condemn,  as  the  grounds  of  courtly  panegyric ;  Mart, 

judges.'  R.  VI.  ii.  IX.  vii.  PR.   cf.  vi.  368.  R. 

'  The  three  disciples*  are  most  probably  31.  Omni6u«  shows  the  universal  de- 
the  second  triumvirate,  Octavins,  Antony,  pravity  of  the  times.  R, 
and  Le|ndas,  who  imitated  Sulla  in  the  '  Venus  and  Mars*  were  detected  by 
extent  and  cruelty  of  their  proscriptions:  Vulcan.  LU,  Ov.  M.  iv.  171  sc|q. 
Flor.  T.  4.    The  former  triumvirate  of  32.  '  Drugs  to  procure  abortion.'  vi. 
Cmaw,  Pompey,  and  Crassus,  was  formed  368.  596  sq.  R,    These  medicines  were 
within  twenty  years  of  Sulla's  death,  repeated  in  stronger  doses,  and  the  last 
FS.  R.    BotA  these  triumvirates  mi^ht  proved  fatal.  Suet  22.  PR. 
have  nid  with  Shylock,  "  The  villainj  33.  '  Her  uncle'  Domitian  was  ill- 
yon  teach  ns,  we  will  execute;  audit  made.  Suet.  18.  GR. 
shall  go  hard,  but  we  will  better  the  '  Shapeless  lumps.'  xv.  11.     It  does 
instrnction;"  Shaksp. M. of  V.  III.  not  follow  from  the  epithet /«ciimfam and 
I.  G.                   ^  the  plural  offast  that  more  than  one  mis- 

29. '  Snch  a  rigid  censor  was  Domitian.'  carnage  was  caused.  R, 

Snei.  Dom.  8.   HR,    Nottine  ho$,  qui  34.  Vitia  ultima,  by    hypalla^e,  for 

wahini  ItindUmum  tervi,  sic  aliorum  vitiis  *  the  very  worst  of  men  ;*  LU,  tne  ab- 

irmaemmtur,  fuan  invidetmt ;  et  graviuime  stract  for  the  concrete  :   M.  thus  labes  ac 

fmnimnt,  qva  maxim§  imitantur;    Plin.  ecsnum;  Cic.  scelus;  Plaut  Dae.  V.  ii. 

£p.  i.  22.  FA.    I^f)  h  Mm)  i^Ptt  s«2  57.  &c.  R.  Ter.  A od.  Ill . t.  1 .  and  fifi$t 

ymmuttt  rJ*  rAjiwitwf  i**)  ftst^tif  Is^Xc-  for  ^«/3>^«y'   Her.  vii.  112. 

rAmrv.  tSf  ffMtf  nmi  Snt  tUtrw  Ij^^^iv^tt^mf  35.  M,  JEmilius  Scaurus  is  described 

D.  Cass.  Ixvii.  12.     Nee  minore  seelere  as  homo  vitia  sua  collide  oecultans;  Sail. 

qtud  uUiaei  videbatur,  Domitianus  Jug.  18.  LU.     Hot.  I  S.  iii.  62.     But 

9R  inaudiiamque  Comeliam  damnavit  on  comparing  xi.  90  sq.  we  may  presume 

i,  cum  iptefratrii  filiam,  ineetto  non  that  the  family,  rather  than  the  individual, 

peifuimet  iokim,  verum  etiam  oceiditeett  is  alluded  to :  '  Those  who  pretend  to 

Plin.  IT.  11.  G.    Domitian,  after  having  be  Scauri.'  R, 

declined  the  hand  of  Julia  the  daughter  of  '  Bite  in  return.'  Hor.  Ep.  vi.  Lucr. 

kb  brother  Titns,  seduced  her,  although  iii.  839.  iv.  1131.  R. 

she  was  then  married  to  Sabinus.  During  36.  *  Of  those  hypocrites.'  PR. 

the  lifetime  of  her  father  and  husband,  Tonmin 'crabbed;    or,  if  coupled  with 

however,  be  kept  the  intrigue  secret.  R.  He  clamantem,  'sternly;'  M.  as  Virg.  i£. 

hnd  prenously  taken  away  Domitia  Lon-  vii.  399.  Sil.  xi.  99.  R. 

gina  from  her  hnsband  iElius  Lamia.  M.  Lauronia^  according  to  Martial,  was 

'  Tragic.'  '  full  of  horrors :'  as  were  arha,  dives,  anus,  vidua ;  II.  xxxii.  6.  PR. 

the  goil^  loves  of  Thyestes  and  Aerope,  The  fable  of  *  the  Lion  and  the  Painter' 

the  passMm  of  Phsdra  for  her  step-son  (Spect.  No.  xi.)  is  admirably  illustrated 

Hmpolytns.  PR.  the  marriage  of  (Edipus  by  her  attack  :    which   not  only  does 

tad  Jocaata,  &c.  HK,  [Livy  i,  46.  £D.]  away,  in  advance,  several  of  the  heaviest 

E 


26  THE  SATIRES  sat.  ii. 

Clamantem  toties:  ^<  Ubi  nunc  lex  Julia?  dermis?" 
Ad  quern  subridens:  ^^  Felicia  tempora,  quae  te 
Moribus  opponunt !  Habeat  jam  Roma  pudorem ! 

40  Tertius  e  coelo  cecidit  Cato.     Sed  tamen  unde 
Haec  emis,  hirsute  spirant  opobalsama  coUo 
Quae  tibi?  Ne  pudeat  dominum  monstrare  tabemae. 
Quod  si  vexantur  leges  ac  jura,  citari 
Ante  omnes  debet  Scatinia.     Respice  primum 

45  Et  scrutare  viros:  faciunt  hi  plura;  sed  illos 
Defendit  numerus  junctaeque  umbone  phalanges. 
Magna  inter  moUes  concordia.     Non  erit  ullum 
Exemplum  in  nostro  tam  detestabile  sexu. 

charges  against  the  women  in  Sat.  vi.  '  Exhale  fragrance :' amftrosr^c^utfcomtc 

but  retorts  them  with  good  effect  on  the  divinum    vertice    odorem    spiravere  ; 

men.  G.  Virg.  JE,  i.  407. 

37.  'The  Julian  law/  v.  30.  was  C^iaJNi/iamawasthe  juice  which  exuded 
enacted  by  Augustus,  and  called  Julian,  from  the  wounds  made  in  the  balsam 
because  Augustus  was  adopted  into  that  tree ;  respecting  this,  the  xiiUtbaUamum, 
family  by  the  will  of  his  great  uncle,  and  the  carpobaUamum,  see  Plin.  H.  N. 
and,  consequently,  took  the  name  of  C.  xii.  15  i  25.  LU,  Mart.  XIV.  lix.  R, 
Jul.  Caesar.  GR,  42.  '  By  the  way,  I  should  very  much 

FeruUs  cestentt  et  idtit  dormiant  in  like  to  know  the  shop,  where  you  bought 

Octobrei;  Mart.  X.  Ixii.  10  so.    pe$suli  such  lady-like  perfumes ;  why  should  you 

dormiunt;   Plant.  Cure.  I.  li.  66.  R,  be  ashamed  to  tell  roe V  PR,  M. 
ti    Amxt^mtfiiftest   Xv0prt(    Sv    X^^h    ^'         ^^*  l^^^J  ^^^vii,  7,  f.  £D.]   Vir  bonus 

Jirsfiimf  rSv  ix^tratf  rtf)  Tlvkcf.  I^afar  est  quis?  qui  eoiisulla  patrum,  qui  leges 

"  MctfAmrfttf  91  viftoi  ti)/ki(«»**'  App.  juraque  serval ;    Hor.  I  £p.  xvi.  41. 

Pun.  112.  RL  cf.  43.  t.  e,  the  decrees  of  the  Senate,   '  the 

38.  Understand  inquit,  LU,  statute-law,  and  the  common-law.'  M, 

'  Smiling  ironically.'  LU,    Virg.  JE.        Vexari  '  to  be  roused  into  action'  it 

z.  742.  R.  opposed  to  dormire,  M.  cf.  37. 

39.  See  note  on  Pers.  v.  178.  PR.  44.  See  v.  30. 

40.  Both  M.  Poreius  Cato  the  Censor  45.  '  More  things  deserving  of  repro- 
(thence  called  Censorius)  and  bis  great-  bation  and  punishment.'  R. 
grandson,  sumamed  Utieensis  from  his  46.  Ipse  metus  eitolverat  audax  turba 
death  at  Utica,  were  men  of  most  rigid  s^os:  quidquid  tnuUis  peeeatur,  inuUum 
morals,  and  strict  disciplinarians.  VS.  est;  Luc.  v.  259  sq.  VS,  pudorem  rei 
PR,  Thus  Stertinius  is  called  sapientum  toilet  multitudo  peccantiumf  et  desinet  esse 
oetavus ;  Hor.  II  S.  iii.  296.  R.  See  probri  loco  commune  delictum ;  Sen.  Ben. 
note  on  2.  HR.  m.  16.    Clem.  i.  22.  H. 

Any  thing  of  extraordinaxy  excellence  '  By  locking  their  shields  one  in  the 

Qii.  27.),  or  occurring  unexpectedlv  in  a  other*    the    testudo   was    formed.    PR, 

tune  of  great  emergency,  [Livy  xzii,  29,  ^(^l»fTtt  rm*ot  fti»t7,  kv^h  &{  m^wOf 

2;  ED. J  was  said  to  have  come  down  t^tiis.   tt$    tmvm    i^Sr«-«r«»   aXXiiX«<ri* 

from  heaven.    R.     A  pinnace,  which  Hom.Il.NlSOsqq.  n212  8qq.  R,    See 

(Herodotus  says  viii.  94.)  fell  in  with  the  note  on  ^^H^a^rst  rk  yiff*'  Her.  ix.  61. 

Corinthians   #i/>>    wfir^,  is  called  by  '  The  phalanx'  was  the  Macedonian 

Plutarch  •h^atcvcirns.  disposition  of  heavy  infantry.  LU, 

41.  Lauronia  may  be  said  to  have  47.  Cf.  Cat.  Ivii.  1.  10.   similis  timiU 
smelt  this  censor  out,  notwithstanding  his  gaudet,  and  Mart.  VIII.  xxxv.  GR. 
assumed  odour  of  sanctity.  M.  48.  Exemplum  '  an  example  or  in- 

HimttOf  see  11.  R,  stance,'  exemplar  *  a  pattern.'  GR, 


SAT.  II.  OF  JUVENAL.  27 

Tsdia  non  lambit  Cluviam  nee  Flora  Catullam: 
50  Hispo  subit  juvenes  et  morbo  pallet  utroque. 

Numquid  nos  a^mus  causas?  civilia  jura 

Novimus?  aut  ullo  strepitu  fora  vestra  movemus? 

Luctantur  paueae;  comedunt  coliphia  paueae. 

Vos  lanam  trahitis  calathisque  peracta  refertis 
55  Vellera:  vos  tenui  praegnantem  stamine  fiisum 

Penelope  melius,  levins  torquetis  Araebne, 

Horrida  quale  facit  residens  in  codice  pellex. 

Notum  est,  cur  solo  tabulas  impleverit  Hister 

Liberto,  dederit  vivus  cur  multa  puellse. 

49.  These  are  the  read  or  fictitious  56.  Penelope,  queen  of  Ithaca,  amused 
names  of  notorious  courtezans  at  Rome;  her  importunate  suitors  by  a  promise  to 
ss//cip0wasoftome  infamous  wretch.  R,    choose  one  of  their  number  as  soon  as 

Lambit  *  fondles  not.'  she  had  finished  a  pall  which  she  was 

Catulla;  x.  322.  Mart.  VIII.  liii.  R,  then  weaving  for  Laertes;  but  delayed 

50.  Subit  *  submits  to  be  caressed  by.'  her  decision  by  undoing  at  night,  wnat 
Prop.  III.  xix.  14.  R,  was  worked  during  the  day.     Hence  the 

Morbo  utroque  *  with  twofold  sin.*  proverb    Penelopes    telam    texere,    LU. 

51.  *  We  trespass  not  on  your  depart-     Hom.  Od.  T  137  sqq.  R. 

ment,  therefore  why  should  you  usurp  *  More  nimbly:'    levi   teretem  ver* 

our  province  V     Plutarch  mentions  one  sab  at  polllce  fusum;  Ov.  Met.  vi.  22. 

instance  of  a  woman's  pleading  her  own  Xiv-r'    riXei»uTa    ar^t^mrat'    Hom. 

cause,  which  was  regarded  by  the  Senate  Od.  P  97.   R. 

as  portentous :  Comp.  Lye.  ^t  Num.  LU,  Arachnet  a  Lydian  damsel,  challenged 

JnUreean,  si  novi  civilia  jura!  Hor.  Pallas  in  weaving,  and,  being  vanquished, 

I  S.  ix.  38  sq.  hung  herself  and  was  transformed  into  a 

52.  Vestra  *  all  your  own.'  Amcsia,  spider.  Ov.  Met  vi.  1  sqq.  LU,  cf. 
Afrania,  and  Hortensia  were  considered  Flin.  vii.  56.  PR. 

indelicate  for  havine  spoken  in  the  forum.  57.    When  the  mistress  of  a  family 

V.  Max.  viii.  3.  PR,  But  cf.  vi.  242.  R.  detected  any  improper  familiarity  between 

53.  '  To  be  sure  there  may  be  some  a  female  slave  and  her  roaster,  she  used 
few  wrestlers  aniMg  us,  but  then  they  to  fasten  her  to  a  large  '  log  of  wood' 
are  but  a  few.'  cf.  i.  22  sq.  vi.  245  sqq.  and  keep  her  to  constant  work.  VS, 
Mart.  Sp.  vi.  PR,  can  die  is  immnndi  vineula  tentit :  et 

Coliphia,   because    they    make    ««Xa  graticra  rependit  iniquis  pensa  qua^ 

'  the  limbs*  ZpiM  '  strong.'     The  diet  of  sillis;    Prop.  IV.  vii.  44  and  41.   Plant. 

athletes.  Mart.  VII.  Ixvii.  12.  J.  Plaut.  Poen.  V.  iii.  34.   /?. 
Pers.  I.  ]ii.  12.  PR,  Or  froin  tu^Xnrw  or        Pell^^lCF^aXkaxn,  '  a  concubine,'  the 


Xiifio,  diminutive  of  »*>Xn  «*Xifv.  SA,  mistress  of  a  married  man.  Af. 

cf.  xi.  20.  R,    *  Rump  steaks.'  UN.  BO,  58.  Opinar  omnibus  et  lippis   notum 

This  etymology  of   our    English   word  et  tonsoribus  esse;  Hot.  I  S.yii.  2  eq,  LU. 

coLLOP  has  been  overlooked  :    '*  Take  Virg.  E.  iii.  8.  PR,  See  note  on  vi.  366. 

notice  what  plight  you  find   me  in,  if  Post  meritum  sane  mtram/um,  omnia 

there  want  but  acolloporasteak  soli  breviter  da  bit;   xii.  124  sq.  LU. 

o'me,  look  to't ;"   Beaum.  and  Fl.  Maid  vi.  601.  R. 

in  the  BlilL  This  Pacurius  Hister  was  an  infamous 

54.  Paucaque    cum    tacta    per  feci  wretch,  who  had  made  his  fortune  by 
stamina   tela;  Ov.  Ep.  H.  xix.  49.  legacy-hunting;  xii.  Ill  sqq.  LU, 

H.  Tib.  I.  vi.  78  sqq.  R,  59.  *  During  his  life-time,'  because  it 

'  In  work-baskets.'  LU,  was  illegal  to  bequeath  a  fortune  to 

55.  '  The  spindle  big  with  slender  one's  wife.  PR. 

thread.*  M.  cf.  Pers.  vi.  73.  PR,  Lauronia,  by  calling  the  wife  pvella, 


28 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  II. 


60  Dives  erit,  inagno  quae  dormit  tertia  lecto. 
Tu  nube  atque  tace :  donant  arcana  cylindros. 
De  nobis  post  base  tristis  sententia  fertur: 
Dat  veniam  corvis,  vexat  censura  columbas." 
Fugerunt  trepidi  vera  ac  manifesta  canentem 

65  Stoicidse.     Quid  enim  falsi  Lauronia  ?    Sed  quid 
Non  facient  alii,  quum  tu  multicia  sumas, 
Cretice,  et  banc  vestem  populo  mirante  perores 
In  Proculas  et  Pollitas  ?    Est  moecba  Labulla : 
Damnetur,  si  vis,  etiam  Carfinia.     Talem 

70  Non  sumet  damnata  togam.     ^^  Sed  Julius  ardet; 


insinaatesthat  the  husband  had  neglected 
her,  to  follow  his  vile  propensities.  LU. 
Uxor  virgo  maneret ;  ix.  7*2.  puella ;  74. 
M.  See  also  L  84.  ui.  160.  iv.  35. 1 1 4. 
xiii.  80.  &c. 

60.  '  A  wife,  who  consents  to  sleep 
three  in  a  bed,  is  sure  to  make  her  fortune 
by  the  hush-money  she  will  receive.' 
LU.M. 

61.  Lauronia  here  apostrophizes  the 
unmarried,  telling  them  beforehand  what 
they  have  to  expect.  M. 

'  Your  keepmg  a  secret  will  ensure 
presents  of  costly  jewels.'  LU,  Plin. 
xxxvii.  6.  GR.  cf.  vi.  459.  PR. 

62.  '  If  this  be  so,  the  melancholy 
truth  is  told  of  us  in  the  proverb.'  FA. 

63.  See  2.  HR.  Of  course  *  ravens* 
and  *  doves'  designate '  men'  and '  women.' 
LU,  Democrates,  Zaleucus,  and  Ana- 
charsis  compared  laws  to  cobwebs,  which 
only  catch  small  insects,  whereas  larger 
ones  break  through  them.  Ter.  Phor.  III. 
ii.  16.  R. 

64.  Trepidi  'conscience-stricken;'  as 
the  Pharisees  were  in  St  John  viii.  9.  M. 
There  is  sarcasm  in  this  word,  for  the 
Stoics  professed  to  be  Air»0i7t.  LU. 

Canentem  *  delivering  oracularly :'  can- 
tare  \  PlauL  Bac.  IV.  ix.  61.  Mos.  IV. 
ii.  64.   Rud.  II.V.21.  R. 

65.  Suncida  *  These  new-fangled  Stoics;' 
formed  as  JEAtcida,  Priamida,  &c.  PR. 
Thus  STMixir  note  on  20.  R.  Or  rather 
'  apes  of  the  Stoics.'  HR. 

Now  the  satire  proceeds  to  the  Stoid 
pane  Epicurei:  cf.  11.  HR, 

66.  Quid  domini  faciant,  audent 
quum  talia  fure*!  Virg.  E.  iii.  16. 
GR^, 

'Thou,  a  magistrate!'  PR. 

Multicia  *  thm  muslin  fobes,'  76.  xi. 


186.  called  serica  as  coming  from  India 
through  the  country  of  the  Seres,  now 
Bocharia.  They  were  first  imported 
under  the  Emperors  for  ladies'  dresses* 
but,  being  transparent  (78.  Tib.  IV.  vi. 
13.),  gave  great  offence:  video  gericas 
votes,  si  vestes  vocandce  sunt,  in  quHnts 
nihil  est  quo  defendi  corpus  aut  denique 
pudor  possit :  S{c»  Sen.  Ben.  vii.  9.  denudat 
faminas  vestisi  Plin.  xi.  23.  P.  Syrus 
calls  them  ventus  textilis  and  fi«6ti(a  Unea, 
GR.  R.  G.     See  notes  on  vi.  259  sq. 

Sumas  is  the  opposite  to  ponas,  GR, 
cf.  74.  iii.  56. 

67.  By  the  name  of  Creticus  (viii.  38.), 
is  designated  a  degenerate  descendant  of 
the  CiBcilius  Metellus  who  acquired  that 
appellation  from  the  conquest  of  Crete; 
with  some  allusion  to  the  inexorable  se- 
verity of  the  ancient  Cretan  iudees,  Minot 
and  Rhadamanthus.  GRAi,  HR.  R. 

Perorare  '  to  sum  up,'  '  to  deliver  a 
studied  harangue.'  M. 

68.  By  Procula  (iii.  203.),  PoUka, 
&c.  are  meant  females  amenable  to  the 
Julian  law.  R. 

70.  *  There  is  no  denying  her  guilt : 
you  may  sentence  her  to  infamy :  and, 
when  condemned,  she  may  be  obliged  to 
lay  aside  the  decent  vest  {stolam)  and 
assume  the  gown  of  penance  (togam) : 
but,  bad  as  she  is,  she  would  never 
degrade  herself  by  wearing  such  a 
gown.'  LU,  Cicero  distinguishes  the 
virilis  toga  from  the  mulidrris  stola ;  Phil, 
but  females  of  disreputable  character 
were  obliged  to  wear  the  former :  hence 
the  virtuous  and  the  loose  part  of  the  sex 
were  discriminated  as  stolata  and  togotas* 
cf.  Hor.  I  S.  ii.  63.  82.  Tib.  I.  vi.  68. 
IV.  X.  3.  Mart  II.  xxxxix.  X.  lu.  RL 
PR,  G.  R. 


SAT.  lu  OF  JUVENAL.  29 

JEstno.**     Nudus  agas  !  Minus  est  insania  turpis. 

^*  £n  habitum,  quo  te  leges  ac  jura  ferentem 

VulDeribus  crudis  populus  modo  victor  et  illud 

Montanum  posids  audiret  vulgus  aratris.*' 
75  Quid  non  proclames,  in  corpore  judicis  ista  • 

Si  videas?    Quaero,  an  deceant  multicia  testem? 

Acer  et  indomitus  libertatisque  magister, 

Cretice,  perluces.     Dedit  banc  contagio  labem 

Et  dabit  in  plures;  sicut  grex  totus  in  agris 
80  Unius  scabie  cadit  et  porrigine  porci, 

Uyaque  conspecta  livorem  ducit  ab  uva. 

Fcedius  hoc  aliquid  quandoque  audebis  amictu. 

Nemo  repente  venit  turpissimus.     Accipient  te 


'These  are  the  dog-dtyt:'  LU,  tot-  erine  nitens,niger  unguento,  p§rlueidu$ 

Immjervems  JtUius  co^U  wutum',  Mart.  oUro;  Mart.  All.  xzxviii.  3.  R, 

X.  Ixii.  7.  A.  '  The  distemper  is  catching :    it  will 

71.  '  If  jott  are  fo  dreadfully  hot,  vou  spread.'  BR  J,  Adspict,  quidfaciant  com' 
had  better  strip  at  once !  yoa  might  then  mercia!  166.  contagia  vitei;  hae  etiam 
have  aome  ciaim  upon  our  pity  as  a  peeari  tape  uoeere  toUnt :  8fc,  Ov.  R,  A. 
lunatic.'  LU,  Nudui  (as  y^fitig)  means  613  sqq.  Virfr.  £.  i.  51.  VS.  R.  ^i^§»gn 
with  nothing  but  the  tunic  on;  (Virg.  4^ii  xfi'^  ifuXim  »«««/-  Menander 
G.  i.  299.)  R.  instead  of  which,  com-  quoted  by  St  Paul,  1  Cor.  xv.  33.  [Livy 
petitors  at  the  games  wore  eampe$tria  xxiz,  6,  marg.  ED,'] 

•  drawers.'  Hon  I  £p.  xi.  18.  AD.  79.  Virg.  G.  iii.  441  sqq.  468  sqq.  A. 

With  aga$  understand  eauuiu  R»  **  One  sickly  sheep  infects  the  flock,  And 

72.  '  A  pretty  diess,  forsooth,  you  poisons  all  the  rest ;"  Watts,  D.  S.  xxi. 
would  adopt!'  cf.  Virg.  JE,  xv.  697.  xii.  15  sq. 

359  sqq.  &c.  R,  81 .  According  to  the  proverb,  uva  uvam 

73.  "Our  legions,  with  fresh  laurels  videndovariajit:  VS.  ^ir^vt  it^t  ^^yp 
CTOwn'd,  And  smarting  still  from  many  a  tn^mivtrm'  Suidas.  GR,  It  was  a  vulgar 
glorioat  wound."  G.  notion  that'  the  dark  colour,  in  ripening, 

75.  As '  Mare,  terra,  calum,  Di  vostratn  was  communicated  from  grape  to  grape.' 
Jidem  /'   PlauL  or  '  O  tempera !  O  more*!*  T.    *  One  plum  gets  colour  by  looking 

Cic.  Cat.  i.  1.  GR,   Mart.  IX.  Ixxi.  R.  at  another'  is  a  common  saying  in  Persia : 

See  note  on  25.  PR.  Gladwin,  Bahar  Danush.  G.    Udot  is 

76.  '  It  would  be  indecent  even  in  a  'the  purple  tinge  ;'  i  fiikmtix^s  /Si- 
witness:  much  more  in  a  judge;  and  r^«f*  Anacr.  1.  1.  Ixvidot  distinguet 
that  judge  a  stoic!'  An  argument  a ,/^-  autumnta  raeemot  purpureo  variut 
tmi.  BRLGR.  colore;  Hor.  II  Od.  v.  10  sqq.  variat 

77.  '  Sour  and  rigid.'  R.  liventibui  uvaracemis;  Prop.  IV.  ii. 
It  was  the  tenet  of  the  Stoics  Sn  fiifs  13.  R. 

•  #«f^  iXaitt^H,  »«^  9mt  ip^  hvXct*  82.  <  You  will  not  stop  here  :' ^ando- 
It&rrtw  ett  poUttat  vivendi  ut  veiu ;  Cic.  que  '  some  of  these  days.' 

I^.  V.  i.  4.  M,  IXivh^m,  ifyy^m  «^-  Perhaps  we  should  read  a < turf.  LU, 

w^yimt-  D.  Laert  vii.  121.  cf.  Hor.  II  83.  "  Never  let  man  be  bold  enough 

S.  via.  83  aoq.  I  £p.  xvi.  63.  R.  to  say.  Thus,  and  no  farther  let  my  pas- 

78.  PmiMct  has  a  double  meaning :  sion  stray :  The  first  crime  past  compels 

•  the  veil  thrown  over  your  disposition  us  on  to  more.  And  guilt  proves  fate, 
is  as  fliiBsy  as  that  which  exposes,  rather  which  was  but  choice  before."  The 
than  conceals,  your  person.*  PR.  In  the  author  I  have  forgotten.  M.  "  There  is 
latter  sense  we  have  a  beau  described  as  a  method  in  maiTs  wickedness,  It  grows 


90 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT*  II. 


Paulatim,  qui  longa  domi  redimicula  sumunt 
85  Frontibus  et  toto  posuere  monilia  coUo 

Atque  Bonam  tenerae  placant  abdomine  porcae 
Et  magno  cratere  Deam.     Sed  more  sinistro 
Exagitata  procul  non  intrat  femina  limen. 
Solis  ara  Deae  maribus  patet     ^<  Ite  profanae !" 
90  Clamatur :  nullo  gemit  hie  tibicina  cornu. 
Talia  secreta  coluerunt  Orgia  taeda 
Cecropiam  soliti  Baptae  lassare  Cotytto. 


op  bv  degrees.  I  am  not  come  so  high 
as  killing  of  myself;  there  are  A  hundred 
thousand  sins  'twiit  it  and  me.  Which 
I  must  do;  I  shall  come  to't  at  last;" 
fieaum.  King  and  no  King.  Cresset 
applies  it  very  happily  to  uie  singular 
depravity  of  the  unfortunate  Ver-Vert : 
*'  11  d^mentit  Ui  eel  Ares  moiimet  Ou  nou$ 
liions,  qu*on  ne  vient  aux  grands  crimes 
Que  par  d6grts,  11  fat  un  sc^lerat  Profes 
d*abord,  et  sans  noviciat,*'  G» 

Vetiit  (or  Jitt  as  vetiias  ioxfias  \  vii.  29. 
B.  In  French  devenir,  in  Italian 
divenire,*  Xo  become.' 

'  In  time,  no  doubt,  you  will  be  con- 
sidered quali£ed  for  admission  into  that 
abominable  club  of  atheists,  which  has 
been  formed  for  the  sole  purpose  of 
burlesquing  the  rites  of  the  Good 
Goddess.'  G.  vi.  314.  Ov.  A.  A.  iii. 
244.  R, 

84.  Domi  *  in  private.* 

B.edimicula  *  fillets'  or  '  ribbons'  hang- 
ing from  their  caps :  et  tunic{B  manicas  et 
habent  redimicvla  mitres;  Virg.  JE.  ix. 
614,  &c.  PR.  iii.  66.  R. 

85.  Monilia  are  so  called  as  having 
been  originally  '  memorials*  of  merit.  Tj, 
See  note  on  0r^tm^i^»t'  Her.  viii.  113. 

*  These  necklaces*  often  consisted  '  of  so 
many  rows  as  to  cover  the  whole  neck.' 
M. 

86.  It  appears  that  more  than  one 
goddess  was  worshipped  under  this 
name  :  Macrob.  Sat.  i.  12.  PR*  vi  314 
sqq.  R, 

Antiqui  sum  en  vocabant  abdomen; 
Plin.  xi.  84.  PR,  It  may  here  be  put, 
by  synecdoche,  for  the  whole  animal,  as 
in  xii.  73.  M, 

87.  Cf.xii.8.  PR.  Ov.  F.iii.  418.  K. 

*  The  large  bowl'  hints  at  the  free  indul- 
gence which  prevailed  even  among  the 
ladies  at  their  secret  rites.  G.  vi.  315. 
On  crater  see  note  on  Her.  iii.  130. 


'  By  a  contrary  regulation.'  FA, 

88.  Sacra  Bona,  maribus  non  adeunda, 
Dea ;  Tib.  I.  vi.  22.  M. 

89.  A  parody  of  "  procul,  O  proetU 
este,  profani,"  conclamat  txites,  **  totoque 
absistite  luco  /"  Virg.  /E.  vi.  259  sq.  M. 
Et  procul  hinc,  moneo,  procul  hinc,  qucB' 
cunque  profante,  ftrte  gradus  ',  Sil.  xyiL 
28  sq.  cf.  Suet.  Ner.  34.  The  Greek 
formulary  was  Izat,  l»itf,  Ursf  AXtr^it  or 
l»as,  Izeif  Urt  /SijSifXM.   R, 

90.  '  Here  no  female  minstrel  sounds 
the  plaintive  horn.'  The  horn,  flute,  and 
trumpet  were  used  (as  the  bell  among  ns) 
to  summon  the  worshippers  together.  LU, 
(cf.  Dan.  iii.)  The  Phrygian  flute 
{tibia,  iii.  63.)  was  curved  and  b  con- 
stantly called  coma :  as  nota  BomB  secreta 
De(e,quum  tibia  lumbos  incitat  et  cornu 
pariter  vinaque  foruntur;  vi.  314  sq. 
adunco  tibia  cornu;  Ov.  Met.  iii. 
633.  xi.  16.  F.  iv.  181.  *  The  Berecyn- 
thian  horn'  (Hor.  I  Od.  xviii.  13  sq.) 
is  used  as  synonymous  with '  the  Berecyn- 
thian  flute  ;'  III  Od.  xix.  18  sq.  IV  Od. 
i.  22  sq.  R, 

Gemere  ;  vii.  71.  lit. 

91.  '  Orgies'  were  so  called  from  the 
enthusiastic  rage  (i(yh)  with  which  they 
were  *  celebrated.'  FA. 

*  Mystic  torches*  were  carried  in  the 
EKusinian  procession.  R, 

92.  The  Athenians  were  called  Ce- 
cropians  from  Cecrops  their  first  king. 
Git. 

Baptce  so  called  from  being  '  deeply 
imbued  in  impurities,'  or  uom  their 
*  plundng  in  water*  to  purify  themselves 
after  ineir  nefarious  rites.  Gil*  It  is  the 
title  of  a  comedy  of  Eupolis,  wherein  he 
lashed  such  efifeminate  practices;  in  con- 
sequence of  which,  Alcibiades,  who  was 
the  principal  object  of  attack,  endea- 
voured to  nave  the  author  assassinated. 
VS. 


SAT.  II.  OF  JUVENAL.  31 

Ille  supercilium  madida  fuligine  tactum 
Obliqua  producit  acu  pingitque  trementes 
95  Adtollens  oculos :  vitreo  bibit  ille  Priapo 

Reticulumque  comis  auratum  ingentibus  implet, 
Caerulea  indutus  scutulata  aut  galbana  rasa 
Et  per  Junonem  domini  jurante  ministro. 
Ille  tenet  speculum,  patbici  gestamen  Othonis, 


'  So  as  to  fatigue  and  disgust  even  drawing  it  through    between  thero,  it 

Cotftto,    the    goddess   of    wantonness/  blacks  the  inside,  leaving  a  narrow  black 

whose    worship    was    introduced    from  rim  all  round  tlie  edge."  M.     See  BO, 

Edooia  in  Thrace.  GR.  p.  23. 

93.  We  have  here  a  picture  quite  in  '  Turning  up  his  eyes,  which  quiver 
Hogarth's  style.  We  are  admitted  into  under  the  operation/  from  the  extreme 
the  coDventicle  of  this  detestable  club,  sensitiveness  of  the  part  They  might  be 
and  behold  the  members  at  their  several  also 'tremulous  from  wantonness/ vii.241. 
eaplc^rments.  oculos  udos  ac  tremuloSj  ac  prona  lib  t- 

94.  The  custom  of  tinging  the  eyes  dine  mareidot,  jam  jamqtie  semiadoper- 
and  eyebrows  originated  in  the  East,  tuloi;  Apul.  Met  iii.  p.  135.  Ov.  A.  A. 
"  Jezabel  pot  her  eyes  in  paint;"  2  Kgs.  iL  721.  Fers.  i.  18.  Hor.  I  Od.  xxxvi.  17. 
iz.  30,  margin;  **  t.  e.  in  stibium,  which  Lucian.  Am.  14.  LU,  M,  R, 

■Hule  tlie  eyes  look  black,  and  was  ac-  95.  In  poculis  libidines  ccelare  juvit  ac 

coaoted  beautiful:  and  also  dilated  the  per  obsccmitates  bibere;  Plin.  xxxiii.  pr, 

eyebrows,  and  made  the  eyes  appear  big ;  G  R. 

wldchy  in  some  countries,  was  also  thought  Priapus,  the    son    of   Bacchus    and 

very  amiable."  PT,  "  La  grande  beauU  Venus,  was  the  god  of  gardens  and  the 

da  dmmes  Arahes  et  de  toutes  lesfemmes  de  tutelary  deity  of  Abydos.  PR. 

rOrignt  est  d'ovotr  de  grands  yeux  96.  '  His  long  and  thick  tresses  are 

naire  bienfendut  et  hJUur  de  tSte;  confined  in  network  of  gold/  Plin.  xii. 

M^moires  d'Arvieux  t.  iii.  p.  297.    We  14.  PR,  Af.   Otho  and  Elagabalus  pow- 

raadof  Astyagesas«i««#/tifui>0f  ip^mX/*Sv  dered  their  hair  with  gold  dust.  HN, 

kreygmfj'  Xeo.  Cyr.  1.  iii.  2.  From  the  97.    Understand   vestimenta.      *  Blue 

£Mt,  this  l^ashion  travelled  to  Greece ;  checks,  or  green  (or  pale  yellow)  stuffs, 

horn  Greece  to  Rome :  the  Greek  ladies  shorn  of   the  pile.*     Whence  galbanos 

itedantunooy  or  black  lead;  the  Romans  habet  mores;    Mart   I.  xcvii.  9.    LU, 

lunp-black  mixed  with    bear*s  grease,  homo  galbanatus;  Id,  III.  Ixxxii.  5.  M. 

Plin.  xxxviiL  11.  AR,    Black  was  the  The  Gauls  invented  checked  stuffs.  Rasa 

fiivonrite  colour ;   Hor.  A.  P.  37.  PR.  are  opposed  to  pexa,  GR.     They  came 

Mart.  IX.  xxxviii.  6.   Nigro  pulvere  ocu'  into  fashion  in  the  Augustan  age.   PR. 

lantm    exordia   produevntur;    Tert.    de  Mart.  II.  Ixxxv.  4.    Lana  Istrics  IMmr- 

Hab.  Mnl.  2.  A.   The  fashion  continued  niaque   pib   propior  quam   lame,  pexit 

till  a  late  date :  fuHk  ftiXeun  ru7en  uwi  aliena  vestibus,  et  quam  Salacia  scutulata 

fiXMf£^mn9  t^tt^ttt*  Naumach.   G.  and  textu  eommendat  in  Lusitania ;  Plin.  viii. 

Jerome  speaks  of  orbes  siibio  fuliginatos.  48  s  72.  xi.  24  s  28.  R, 

FA.    The  operation,  as  performed  by  98.  *  Nay  even  the  valet  swears  by 

tbe  Turkish  females  at  Aleppo,  is  thus  his  lord's  Juno.'    BR.    Men  used  to 

described  by  Shaw  and  Russel :  "  Their  swear  by  the  Gods,  women  by  the  God- 

Betbod  of  doing  it  is  by  a  cylindrical  desses,  Plin.  ii.  7.  PR,  and  servants  by 

piece  of  nlver,  steel,  or  ivory,  about  two  their  master's  Genius,  cf.  Tib.  III.  vi. 

mcbes  long,  made  vcxysmooth,  and  about  49.  R.   Notes  on  Hor.  Ill  Od.  xvii.  14. 

tbe  oze  of  a  common  probe.    This  they  99.  Another  parody  on  Virgil :  magni 

wet  with  water,  in  order  that  the  powder  gestamen  AbatUis ;   M.m,  286.  vii.  246. 

af  lead  ore  may  stick  to  it,  and  applying  and  corripit  hastam  Actoris  Aurunci  spo- 

tbe  mid^  part  horixontally  to  the  eye.  Hum ;   2E.,  xii.  93  sq.    This  wretch  was 

they  dint  tne  eyelids  npon  it,  and  so  proud  of<  the  effieminate  Otho's  mirror,' 


32 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  IL 


100  Actons  Aurunoi  spolium,  quo  se  ille  videbat 
Armatum,  quum  jam  toUi  vexilla  juberet. 
Res  memoranda  novis  annalibus  atque  recenti 
Historia,  speculum  civilis  sarcina  belli* 
Nimirum  summi  duels  est,  occidere  Galbam 

105  Et  curare  cutem;  summi  constantia  civis, 
Bebriaci  campo  spolium  affectare  Palati 
Et  pressum  in  faciem  digitis  extendere  panem : 


DO  lesB  than  Tamils  was  of '  the  eallant 
Actor's  spear.'  LIT.  Or  *  of  which  Otho 
had  erst  despoiled  some  other  redoubted 
champion.'  Their  mirrors  were  made  of 
polished  metal,  and  sometimes  equalled 
the  full  length  of  the  figure.  Sen.  Q.  N. 
i.  17.  HN,  Stat.  Ill  S.  iv.  94.  BO.  On 
the  effeminacy  of  Otho,  see  Suet.  2.  and 
12.  TaC.  H.  i.  71.  &c.  R.  Though  a 
favourite  of  Nero,  he  was  the  first  to  join 
Galba,  of  whose  assassination  he  after- 
wards became  the  author.  As  an  enemy 
of  Galba  (whom  Vespasian  suspected  of  a 
design  upon  his  life)  and  of  Vitellius,  he 
was  regarded  with  favour  by  the  Flavian 
family,  and  consequently  with  aversion 
by  Juvenal.  Tacitus  represents  differ- 
ently his  last  march  :  nee  illi  tegne  avt 
ecmpttun  luxu  iter ;  ted  lorica  ferrea 
una  ett,  et  ante  $igna  pedester,  horridus, 
i¥tcomptut,famaque  dittimilit;  H.  ii.  11. 
G. 

101.  When  an  army  encamped,  the 
standards  were  pitched  in  the  ground 
near  the  general's  tent.  When  battle 
was  to  be  given,  the  general '  commanded 
the  standard  to  be  taken  up.'  TolU  is 
opposed  to  statvi.  GR.  Af.  The  vexiUum 
was  '  a  red  flag,'  which  was  hoisted  on  a 
spear  from  the  top  of  the  generars  tent 
as  a  signal  of  preparation  for  battle.  LI, 
'  Otho  gave  his  orders  from  his  toilet, 
while  he  was  admiring  himself  in  the 
glass.'  LU. 

102.  In  'Annals,'  the  facts  are  di- 
gested under  their  several  years.  PR, 

103. '  In  a  civil  war,  when  the  empire 
of  the  world  was  at  stake!'  viz.  that 
between  Otho  and  Vitellius.  Nee  deerant 
qui  ambitione  ttdida  luxuriotos  apparatus 
eonvimarum,  et  irritamenta  libidinum,  ut 
imlrumenta  belli  mercarentur;  Tac.  H. 
i.  88.  FA. 

104.  I'be  antithesis  here  depends  on 
the  punctuation.  HK,  *  At  one  time  to 
be  acting  the  assassin,  at  another  the  petit 


maitre.'  After  his  suicide,  his  soldien 
extolled  him  as/orttsnmum  virum,  unieum 
imperatorem 'y  Suet.  12.  Onr  satirist  ob- 
serves that  '  such  a  character  was  on- 
doubtedly  (nimirum  is  used  ironically, 
xiv.  54.  Sil.  V.  114.  Hor.  II  S.  u.  106. 
as  icilicet  in  122.  v.  76.  vi.  239.  vii.  159. 
xiv.  156.)  Otho's  due.'  Suet  Galb.  19. 
Tac.  H.  i.  41  sqq.  '  It  was  a  great  feat  to 
murder  an  old  man'  manibus  pedibusquB 
artieulari  morbo  distartisnmis ;  S.  G.  21. 
23.  '  It  was  a  worthy  occupation  to  be 
softening  his  cheeks  with  cosmetics:' 
munditiarum  peene  mulidnium;  vuUo  ear- 
pore  i  quin  et  faciem  quoHdie  raritare,  ae 
pane  madido  finere  eonsuetum:  idque  in» 
ttituisse  a  prima  lanugine,  ne  barbattu 
unquam  e»$et ;  Suet.  Oth.  12.  PR,  HN, 
R, 

105  and  107.  vi.  464.  Hor.  I  £p.  iv.  15. 
R,  In  eute  euranda  plut  aquo  operata 
juventui ;  Id,  ii.  29. 

'  Consistency  worthy  of  the  first  citizen 
in  the  republic!'  R,  It  was  currently 
reported  after  his  death,  Galbam  ah  eo 
nen  tam  dominandi,  quam  reipublictB  ae 
libertatit  restituendiB  eausa  interemptum  i 
Suet.  Oth.  12. 

106.  '  The  battle  of  Bebriacum'  (be- 
tween Verona  and  Cremona)  decided 
the  fate  of  the  empire  and  transferred  the 
purple  to  Vitellius.  Tac.  H.  ii.  14  sqq. 
Suet.  Oth.  8  sq.  PR,  R, 

*  The  spoil  of  the  palace'  intimates  that 
the  iropenal  dignity  had  become  the  prey 
of  each  daring  adventurer.  R, 

107.  Slices  of  bread,  made  of  rice, 
beans,  or  wheat,  and  soaked  in  asses' 
milk,  were  spread  over  the  face  as  a 
cosmetic.  LI/Tvi.  461  sqq.  CAS,  Cutem 
in  facie  ervgari  et  tenereieere,  et  eandorem 
euttodiri  laete  asinino  putabant}  undM 
Pappcta  uxor  Neronis,  quoeunque  ire  oon« 
tigisset,  seeum  texeentas  auUas  dueebat ; 
Plin.  xxviii.  12.  xL  41.  PR,  Tib.  I.  vin. 
11.  R. 


SAT.  II.  OF  JUVENAL.  33 

Quod  nee  in  Assyrio  pharetrata  Semiramis  orbe, 
Moesta  nee  Aetiaca  fecit  Cleopatra  carina. 

110  Hie  nullus  verbis  pudor  aut  reverentia  mensae. 
Hie  turpis  Cybeles  et  fracta  voce  loquendi 
Libertas  et  crine  senex  phanaticus  albo 
Sacrorum  antistes,  rarum  ac  memorabiie  magni 
Gutturis  exemplum  conducendusque  magister. 

115  Quid  tamen  exspectant,  Phrygio  quos  tempus  erat  jam 
More  supervacuam  cultris  abrumpere  carnem  ? 
Quadringenta  dedit  Gracchus  sestertia  dotem 

108.  *  Eycd  the  most  luxurious  queens,  7rr*.  cl^*  tl  zmxivt  rt/iv  7x^m.  ^imv  Hn- 
when  they  went  forth  to  war,  discontinued  /in^eu  9^is  yk^  Atig  %\rn  S^mtrts  ^iW  rt 
tncfa  efleminate  habits.'  Semxramu,  A*-  wrv^^i  rr  Horn.  Od.  S  56  sqq.  Z  107 
mfrierum  rtginat  cum  ei  circa  cultum  tq.  '*  I  tried  your  chanty,  When  in  a 
CBpiiis  eeeupata  nuntiatum  esset  Baby-  beggar's  shape  you  took  me  up.  And 
hium  defm$i€,  altera  parte  crinium  adhuc  clothed  my  oakeid  limbs,  and  after  fed, 
aaUta,  pratinus  ad  earn  expugnandam  As  you  believed,  my  famish 'd  mouth. 
tuemrrit,  nee  prhii  d^orem  capillerum  in  Learn  all,  By  your  example,  to  look  on 
ee^imem,  quam  tantam  vrbem  in  potestatem  the  poor  With  gentle  eyes  !  for  in  such 
tiMm,redegit,  Quoeirca  ttatua  ejus  Baby-  habits,  often,  Angels  desire  an  alms;" 
Imm  poeita  est  iUe  kabitu,  quo,  ad  uUianem  Massinger  Virg.  Mart.  IV.  iii.  G. 
exigendum,  ceUritate  pracipiti  tetendit',  111.  '  Such  disgraceful  licentiousness 
V.  Max.  ix.  3.  Just.  i.  2.  PR.  as  prevails  at  the  Megalesian  rites  among 

Orbe  '  empire.'  VA.  the  emasculated  priests  of  the  Phrygian 

109.  Cleopatra,  daughter  of  Ptolemy  goddess.'  LU.  cf.  Diod.  Sic.  iv.  5.  Ov.  F. 
Anletes,  queen  of  Egypt  and  mistress  iv.  PR.  R.  The  grossness  of  these  cere- 
(^  Antony,  was  present  to  witness  her  monies  was  such,  that  the  parents  of  the 
panmour's '  sad'  defeat  by  Augustus  '  at  actors  were  ashamed  to  be  present  at  the 
Actiam.'  LU.  cum  aurta  puppe  veloque  rehearsals,  which  took  place  at  home,  pre- 
purpuree  se  in  aUum  dedit ;  Plin.  xix.  1.  vinus  to  the  celebration  of  the  festival.  G. 
See  Shaktpeare's  description  of  her  gal-  They  lisped  their  obscenities  *  in  a 
Inr.  Ant  and  CI.  II.  ii.  M.  Flor.  iv.  1 1 .  falsetto  voice.'  G£.  cf.  Augustin.  xi. 
ct  Hor.  I  Od.  xxxvii.  R.  Prop.  IV.  vi.  1 11.  LU. 

57  sqq.  112.  Phanaticus*  possessed.'  Virg.  ^. 

110. '  In  this  precious  conclave.'  r^d-    vi.  46  sqq.  Af. 

Ttftmrms  ^iXti  n  »m  Jfjint'  Synes.  £p.  '  If  one  woald  take  lessons  in  gluttony.' 

57.    TU.     Nusquam  reverentia  mensa ;  turn  si  magistrum  cepit  ad  earn  rem  impro- 

Claud,  in   Ruf.   i.  229.    R.      Among  bum ;  Ter.  An.  I.  ii.  19.  M. 

many  absurd  and  many  impious  tenets  of  115.'  Why  hesitate  (Ov.  £p.  iii.  83.) 

diere  are  some  of  excellent  any  longer  about  completing  your  resem- 


tendency  and  not  undeserving  of  imita-  bliuce  to  those  efTemina^is  priests,  when  a 

tkm.   Such  was  their  hospitality,  founded  knife  will  rid  you  in  a  moment  of  the 

OB  the  notion  that  celestials  sometimes  superfluous  characteristics  of  manhood  V 

▼intcd  the  aboiles  of  men.  cf.  Hebr.  xiii.  T.  Ov.  F.  iv.  243.  Tib.  I.  iv.  70.  R. 
2.  Gen.  xviii.  1 — 8.  xix.  1 — 3.   OUm  mos        This '  Phrygian  fashion'  was  adopted  in 

ermi  et  menste  credere  adesse  decs ;  Ov.  F.  imitation  of  the  boy  Atys  whom  Cybele 

vL  905  sq.   Pnesentes  namque  ante  domus  loved.  PR. 

tanscre  raaas  tetpius,  et  sue  mortali  osten-        1 16.  The  knives  were  of  sharp  stone : 

dere  eeetu  eerlieolat  nondum  spreta  pietatCf  vi.  514.  Claud,  in  £ut.  i.  280.  R.   as 

•s^cAaiit ;  Cat.  Ixiv.  385  sqq.    Hence  a  among  the  Jews.  PR.  Exod.  iv.  25. 
stranger,  however  humble  his  exterior,        117.  Cf.  i.  92.  106.  vi.  137.    *  Has 

treated  with  respect:  (i?*  $v /Mt  H/ms  brought  with  him.'  PR.  i.  62.  78. 

F 


34 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  II. 


Comicini,  sive  hie  recto  cantaverat  aere. 

Signatse  tabulae :  dictum  "  Feliciter !"    Ingens 
120  Coena  sedet :  gremio  jacuit  nova  nupta  mariti. 

O  proceresy  censore  opus  est  an  haruspice  nobis  ? 

Scilicet  horreres  majoraque  monstra  putares, 

Si  mulier  vitulum  vel  si  bos  ederet  agnum  ? 

Segmenta  et  longos  habitus  et  flamea  sumit, 
125  Arcano  qui  sacra  ferens  nutantia  loro 


*  A  descendant  of  the  Gracchi.'  cf. 
24.  PR,  Of  this  horrible  transaction  no 
contemporary  writer  speaks :  Nero,  hovr- 
ever,  had  set  the  example  ;  (Tac.  An. 
XV.  38.)  and  royalty  is  never  at  a  loss  for 
imitators,  vi.  616.  G. 

118.  'To  a  horn -blower,  or  else  to  a 
trumpeter.'  Tuba  directi  aris,  cornva 
JUxi ;  Ov.  M.  i.  98.  The  Romans  used 
onlv  wind-instruments  in  their  army.  M. 
'  The  clarion'  liiuui  belonged  to  the 
cavalry.  Hor.  II  Od.  i.  17  sq.  Schol.  on 
I  Od.  i.  23. 

119.'  The  marriage-writings  are  signed 
and  sealed.  **  We  wish  you  joy !"  is 
the  general  exclamation.'  Understand 
eedant  ha  nuptitt.  PR.  Felix  hoc ;  alium 
denne  velie  virum,  LU,    Suet.  Dom.  13. 

120. '  A  sumptuous  banquet  is  set  out.' 
i.  96.  Ov.  Tr.  ii.  481.  HO.  M.  or  •  An 
immense  supper-party  sits  down  to  table.' 
BRl,  cf.  34.  V.  82.  R. 

'The  bride'  i.  e.  Gracchus;  'the 
bridegroom'  t.  e.  the  trumpeter.  LU, 
cf.  Tac.  An.  xi.  27*  Ov.  Am.  I.  iv« 
5.  R. 

121 .  Proeera ;  see  Pers.  i.  62.  PR, 
There  is  a  bitter  sarcasm  in  this  appeal 
to  the  '  patricians,'  who  were  themselves 
deeply  implicated  in  many  of  these  dis- 
gusting proceedings.  GR. 

'  Do  we  need  a  censor  to  correct  such 
enormitiesl  or  rather  a  soothsayer  to 
expiate  such  portentous  prodigies  V  VS. 
vi.  549  sqq.  PR.  Inhere  were  two  censors, 
who  had  the  power  to  degrade  citizens 
from  their  several  ranks  and  to  expel 
senators  from  the  bouse.  They  were 
formerly  so  strict  as  to  be  formidable  even 
to  their  colleagues.  M.    See  2.  HA. 

It  was  the  office  of  the  soothsayer, 
when  any  prodie^  occurred,  to  ascertain 
and  prescnbe  tne  expiation  which  the 
gods  required.  M. 

An ;  Ov.  F.  ii.  394.  H. 

122.  Motistrum  is  '  any  thing  out  of 


the  course  of  nature.'  see  F,  143.  iv.  2. 
45.  115.  vi.  286.  645.  &c  R. 

123.  Such  prodigies  occur  constantly 
in  Livy. 

124.  '  Fringes'  or '  flounces.'  V.  Max* 
V.  2.  FA.  Ov.  A.  A.  iu.  169.  PR.  cL  vi. 
89.  R. 

The  matrons  wore  '  a  long  flowing 
gown'  itola,  with  '  a  train'  tyrma.  M, 
R.  G. 

Virgins  on  their  wedding-day  wore  a 
light  flame -coloured  hood,  that  the  spec- 
tators might  confound  the  glow  shed  over 
the  cheek  by  the  tint  of  the  veil,  with  the 
suflution  01  modes^:  G.  Mart.  XI. 
IxxvUi.  3.  PR.  vi.  225.  x.  334.  timidum 
nupta  ieviter  tectura  pudorem  lutea  de- 
missos  velarunt  flamea  vuUui\  Luc.  ii. 
360  sq.  From  the  bride's  being  enve- 
loped in  this  veil,  she  was  said  nnbere 
viro,  R.    See  notes  on  134  and  137. 

125.  Ov.  F.  iii.  259  sqq.  PR.  Most 
of  the  Commentators  by  iacra  under- 
stand ancUia.  The  epithet  areano  may 
then  refer  either  to  ignorance  as  to 
the  genuine  shield,  or  to  the  strap  on 
the  inside  by  which  the  shields  were  sus- 
pended ;  and  nutantia  to  the  swinging  of 
the  shields  to  and  fro,  as  the  priests  leaped 
and  danced.  FA.  It  would  seem  more 
natural  to  understand  timulaera  with  sacra, 
supposing  twelve  of  the  SaUi  to  have 
borne  the  ancilia,  and  the  other  twelve 
priests  to  have  carried  images  of  the  gods, 
which,  by  means  of  a  concealed  thong* 
were  made  to  nod  their  heads  in  answer 
to  the  acclamations  and  plaudits  of  the 
surrounding  multitude.  Thus  the  image 
of  Venus,  which  was  borne  in  procession 
at  the  Circensian  games,  annuit  et  motu 
rigna  tecunda  dedit;  Ov.  Am.  III.  xi. 
58.  Af.  A  similar  trick  is  said  to  have 
been  played  off  some  few  years  ago  by 
the  priests  in  Portugal,  with  an  image  of 
the  Virgin,  to  conflrm  Don  Miguel's  right 
to  the  throne. 


BAT.  II.  OF  JUVENAL.  35 

Sudavit  clypeis  ancilibus.     O  pater  Urbis, 
Unde  nefas  tantum  Latiis  pastoribus  ?  unde 
H«c  tetigit,  Gradive,  tuos  urtica  nepotes  ? 
Traditur  ecce  viro  clarus  genere  atque  opibus  vir : 
IdO  Nee  galeam  quassas  nee  terram  cuspide  pulsas 
Nee  quereris  patri  ?    Vade  ergo  et  cede  severi 
Jugeribus  campi,  quern  negligis  !     <^  Officium  eras 
Primo  sole  mihi  peragendum  in  valle  Quirini." 
Quae  causa  officii  ?    <^  Quid  qusris  ?  Nubit  amicus, 

126.  The  Salii  were  priests  of  Mars,  See  117.  R. 

(so  called  from  their  aancing,  Ov.  130.  '  And  yet  thou  evincest  no symp- 

F.   iii.  3S7.)  chosen  out  of   the   first  toms  of  indignation!'  FA.  ziii.  113  sqq. 

fiuniliet  at  Rome,  as  gnardiaos  of  the  cf.  Horn.  Od.  S  285.  Virg.  M.  vii.  292. 

lieaveo-desceoded  buckler  on  which  de-  V.  Flac.  i.  528.  vii.  577.  JR.  [Livy  zxir, 

pended  the  late  of  the  empire.    Numa  10,  7.  ED,]    Cuspit  was  '  the  point  of  a 

had  eleren  other  shields  made,  exactly  sword  or  spear.'  LU. 

similar    to    the    original.      The    Salii  131.  Mars  was  the  son  of  Jupiter  and 

were  at  first  twelre :    Tullos  Hostilius  Juno ;  PR.  Hom  II.  E  896.  according 

doubled    the    number.     FA.      •f;^ifr«*  to  others,  of  Juno  only.  Ov.  F.  v.  229. 

iTw^tSvrm     iim^s^ivifiUPM    rnw    ^iXtr  M,    *  If  the  evil  is  grown  too  enormous 

msMvwTMs   1^    Inri^Av,    iXtyfisvf    rsfms  to  be  checked  by  thy  own  power,  com- 

jHi^  fUTmfitXjkf  l»  fti^ftUf  Tdx»t  tx»*rt  s«]  P'^*°  ^  ^^7  father,  who  is  armed  with 

«vsMTirr«   ftirk  f^fmt   mmi    M»yfirnr»t  lightnings.  FA. 

AwMirrH'  Plttt.  Num.   R.     Virg.  M.  Cede  for  ditcede.  FA.  iii.  29.  Virg.  JR. 

▼in.  286.  Yi.  460.  M.   '  Make  room  for  some  other 

The  neuter  aneUe  is  an  adjective  and  deity,  who  will  take  more  care  of  his 

agrees  with  teutum :  as  audita  artna ;  V.  charge/  R. 

Max.  I.  i.  9.  it  is  derived  from  aneisus  The  camfnu  Martins  ((Liv.  ii. 5.)is 

'  cot  around ;'  Ov.  F.  iii.  377  sq.  or  from  put  for  '  Rome,'  and  is  called  severus 

^YuiXm9  '  curved ;'  Plut.  Num.  p.  69.  ironically,  with  reference  to  the  present 

PR*  ft.  impunity  of  crime  as  contrasted  with  the 

Mars  himself  is  here  apostrophized,  the  ancient  severity  of  puniithment :  (ex- 

hxhex  of   Romulus,  the   founder,   and  traordinary  public  trials  used  to  be  held 

iq.  JW.  .  in  '  the  Field  of  Mars.')  PR.  ft.    This 


FA.    Hor.  I  Od.  ii.  35  sqq. 

'  Wherein  is  thy  paternal  care  displayed  V  epithet  also  belongs  to  the  god  himself; 

R.  Mart.  X.  xxx.  2.  Gft.  M. 

127.  *  Where  is  the  simplicity  and  132.  The  satirist  now  introduces  a 
hinoreiice  of  that  hardy  race,  to  which  conversation  relating  to  one  of  these  in- 
Romulus  and  our  forefathers  belonged  V  famous  weddings.  Officium  was '  a  duty 
VS.  PR.  iiL  67.  ft.  viii.  275.  On  the  undertaken  out  of  kindness  or  compli- 
onpin  of  the  name  Latium,  see  Virg.  X..  ment :'  nuptiale  (Petron.)  or  nuptiarum 
▼m.  319  sqq.  Sf.  (Suet.  Claud.  26.)  is  here  understood. 

128.  Mars  was  called  Gradivu$  (xiii.  Plin.  Ep.  i.  9.  T.  M,  ft. 

113.  Virg.  JE.  iii.  34.)  either  from  ^r  a-  133.    Marrisge  contracts  were  often 

4  i«ii<{« 'taking  long  strides,' or 'march-  signed  '  in  the  portico  of  the  temple  of 

ing  orderly;' or  from  »#«)i«>» 'brand-  Romulus  on  the  Quirinal  hill:'  T.  M. 

ishini^  his  spear;*  Gft.  4/1 /»«»fik^4/ii^f,  Mart.  XI.  i.  9.  PR,    in  colU  Q,ninni\ 

M^m^Amf  hXsx^ief  tyx*t'  Hom.  II.  Hor.  II  £p.  ii.  68.10d.   ii.  46.  Ov.M. 

R  213.   M.  or  from   a  Tbracian  word  xiv.  836.  ft. 

ifying  '  brave.'  PR.  134.  '  Cannot  you  guess  1  a  gentle- 

Uniem  '  a  burning  itch'  like  that  ex-  man  of  my  acquaintance  is  to  be  led  to 

dted  by  the  '  nettle."  LU.  xi.  166.  ft.  the  altar.'    Nubere  applies  only  to  the 

129.  '  Is  consigned  over.'  Mart.  XI.  bride,  dueere  to  the  bridegroom. 
Iszviii.  11.  Gft.  cf.  Suet.  Ner.  29.  FA.  GR.  1 17.  i.  62.  78.  ft.  See  124  and  137. 


36  THE  SATIRES  sat.  ii 

135  Nee  multos  adhibet"    Liceat  modo  vivere;  fient, 
Fient  ista  palam,  cupient  et  in  acta  referri. 
Interea  tormentum  ingens  nubentibus  hseret, 
Quod  nequeunt  parere  et  partu  retinere  maritos. 

/       Sed  melius,  quod  nil  animis  in  corpora  juris 
/ 140  Natura  indulge t     Steriles  morientur  et  illis 
Turgida  non  prodest  condita  pyxide  Lyde 
Nee  prodest  agili  palmas  praebere  Luperco. 

Vicit  et  hoc  monstrum  tunicati  fuscina  Gracchi, 
Lustravitque  fuga  mediam  gladiator  arenam 

135.  'There will  be  but  a  small  party  areet.  A  goat,  the  emblem  of  fecui»- 
to  witness  the  ceremony:'  because  the  dity,  being  sacrificed,  those  who  officiated 
Scatinian  law  was  still  in  being.  LU.  put  on  the  skin  of  the  victim  and  ran 
Pontice,  si  qua  faeis,  tine  teste  facts,  sine  about  with  either  a  thong  of  the  skin  or  a 
tnrba;  non  adhibes  multos :  Pontice,  wand  in  their  hands,  with  which  they 
cautus  homo  es ;  Mart.  VII.  c.  3  sq.  GRJE,  struck  the  palms  of  the  women  who  threw 

'  If  it  please  the  gods  to  spare  our  themselves  in  their  way  to  have  the  benefit 

lives.'  PR.  of  the  charm.     Excipe  fecunda  yatienter 

136.  The  repetition  of  the  word  Jient  verbera  dextrce ;  Ov.  F.  ii.  427  &c.  LU, 
adds  force  to  the  prediction.  Instances  Ule  caprum  mactat:  Jussa  stia  tergts 
of  this  kind  occur  constantly  in  the  G  reek  maritee  peilibus  exsectis  percutiettda  dabant; 
orators.  445    sq.      Shakspeare    alludes    to    it: 

Salvian,  who  wrote  in  the  fifth  century,  "  Forget  not  in  your  speed  To  touch 

speaking  of  this  dedecoris  scelerisique  con-  Calphurnia  ;    for  our  elders  say,   The 

sortinm,  as  he  calls  it,  says  that  it  spread  barren  touched  in  this  holy  chase.  Shake 

all  over  the  city,  and  though  the  act  off  their  sterile  curse ;"  J.  C«s.  I.  ii.  M. 

itself  was  not  common  to  all,  yet  the  This  superstitious  practice  was  one  of 

approbation  of  it  was.  M.  the  last  ragan  ceremonies  that  was  aban- 

Acta  *  the  public  registers.'  FA,  cf.  ix.  doned,  and  excited  the  indignation  of 

84.  R,  LL  on  Tac.  An.  v.  4.  many  Christian  writers.     It  was  finally 

137.  ]Vii6«N(i6us '  these  male  brides.'  abolished  by  Gelasius;   in  whose  time 

138.  Such  was  the  complaint  of  £u-  n(Ailes  ipsi  currebant ;  et  matromB  nudat9 
tropius:  generis  pro  sms  duvis^ma  nostri !  corpore  vapulabant,  G.  The  festival, 
fixmina  cum  senuitt  retinet  connubia  which  took  place  in  February,  was  pro- 
partu,  uxarisque  decus  matris  reverentia  bably  introduced  into  Italy  by  Evanaer : 
pensat:  nos  Lucina  fugit,  nee  pignore  cf.  Virg.  i£n.  viii.  343  sq.  The  grove 
nitimur  hUo  ;  Claud,  in  £ut.  i.  7 1  sqq.  there  described,  which  was  also  the  spot 
FA,  Children  constitute  a  bond  of  love:  where  Romulus  and  Remus  were  after- 
and  sterility  was  a  frequent  cause  of  di-  wards  found,  was  fixed  upon  by  the  Ro- 
vorce.  PR,  vi.  142  sqq.  R.  mans  for  the  site  of  Pan's  temple.  PR* 

139.  '  It  is  just  as  well  that  nature  143.  See  the  notes  on  viii.  192  sqq.  and 
prohibits  the  fulfilment  of  such  extra va-  199  sqq.  R,  *  Has  outdone.*  This  may 
gant  wishes.'  BRL  be  an  instance  of  that  spirit  of  aggravatioa 

141.  Ly(f«  was  some  woman  who  com*  which   so  much  distinguishes  Juvenal, 

pounded,  and  sold  in  small  boxes,  (rv^f  W  hatever  be  the  vice  which  he  lashes,  he 

from  being  originally  made  of' box  wood,'  bestows  the  whole  of  his  fury  upon  it; 

BO,)  a  specific  against  barrenness.  T,  and  in  many  places  the  climax  ot  moral 

The  epithet  may  cither  imply  her  own  reprehension  is  strangely  perverted.    1. 

corpulence,  as  being  an  old  woman,  BE,  All  the  writers  of  Roman  history,  how- 

or  the  effects  of  her  nostrum.  GR.  ever,  viewed  the   gladiatorship  of  the 

i  42.   The  festival  of  the  Lupercalia  nobility  with  the  utmost  horror.  G. 

was  instituted  in  honour  of  Pan  {ovium  144.    Cf.   viii.  208.    '  Traversed   in 

rustos;  Virg.  G.  i.  17.)  because  Inpot  flight.'  M. 


m.  II.  OF  JUVENAL.  37 

145  £t  Capitolinis  generosior  et  Mareellis 

£t  Catulis  Paullique  minoribus  et  Fabiis  et 
Omnibus  ad  podium  spectantibus :  his  licet  ipsum 
Admoveas,  eujus  tunc  munere  retia  misit. 
Esse  aliquid  Manes  et  subterranea  regna 
150  Et  contum  et  Stygio  ranas  in  gurgite  nigras 
Atque  una  transire  vadum  tot  millia  cymba, 

The  centre  of  the  amphitheatre  was  navita  Porthmnu  subficiet  simulacra  viri^tn 

itrewed  with  '  tend/  to  hide  the  blood  traducere  cymba :  clatse  opus  est ;  Petron. 

which  was  spilt.  PR.  Sat.  121  extr.    Prop.  III.  v.  39  sqq. 

116.  (1)  Af.  Manlius  surnamed  Co-  Lncr.  iii.  991  sqq.     Pythagoras  in  Ov. 

pitdmus  from  his  defence  of  the  capitol  Met.  xv.  153  sqq.  &c.)  but  suppose  thero 

afaiast  the   Gauls.     (2)  Af.   Claudius  true,  bow  would  the  shades  of  our  ancient 

MarctUus  the  captor  of  Syracuse.    (3)  heroes  be  horri6ed  at  the  appearance  of 

<2.  iMtathu  Catuhts  who  gained  the  naval  such  scandalous  wretches  among  them !' 

▼ictot  J  <^  the  Agates.    (4)  L.  jEmiliut  Sunt  aliquid  manes ;  letum  non  omnia 

Pamiius  the  conqueror  of    Macedonia.  JInit;   Prop.  IV.  vii.  1.     Ov.  Met.  vi. 

(5)  Q.  Fabius  Maximus  surnamed  Cunc-  543.  Horn.  II.  "¥  103.  R. 


who  kept   Hannibal  in  constant  150.  Ipte  {Charon)  ratem  con  to  sub- 

check  bj  hit  cautious  moves.  LU.  igit,    et  ferruginea    tubvectat    corpora 

'  Alore  noble;'  vi.  124.  vii.  191.  viii.  cymba ;  Virg.  M,  vi.  302  sq.  VS.   One 

30.  224.  A.  ms.  has  cantum ;  if  this  be  the  true  read- 

146.  Minaret;    i.  148.  H.     Perhaps  ing,   cantum  et  ranas  is  equivalent  to 

the  two  ions  of  Paullus,  one  of  whom  cantum  ranarum :  cf.  Arist.  R.  205  sqq. 

was  adopted    into   the    family  of   the  R,    The  text  would  then  better  suit  the 

Sdpios,  the  other  into  that  of  the  Fabii  common  interpretation  of  the  whole  pas- 

Mazhnu  Mge. 

147. '  The  front'  or  lowest  row  of  seats  Stygia  palus ;  Virg.  i£.  vi.  323  sq.  PR, 

was  rcaerred  for  senators :  Suet  Aug.  44.  G.  iv.  480.  M,     Turbidus  hie  cosno  va%- 

LU.    The  pod'mm  was  the  projecting  ta(fue  mrragine  g urges  eestuat;  Ai..  vi. 

part  of  the  partition  which  divided  the  296  sq.  [gurge^  and  vadum  are  opposed, 

seats  from  the  arena.    Between  this,  and  Livy  xxii,  6,  6.  ED.] 

tile  first  row  on  which  the  senators  sat,  151.   Cf.   Virg.  //.  cc.     ^ve)  yZ$  i 

there  was  probably  just  space  enough  ^•(S/uht   fih   ^la^xUat   mur»7t    <r«ri    rj 

left  for  the  chain  of  the  curule  roagis-  9»i^»s,    ixxk   r;^i^/«f  iiairfilaftiuyt 

trates,  &C.  LI,  r»vt    rtXX^iv    ttlrSif   ^m^Xsueew     Luc. 

*  A  narrow  slip.'  G.    Tltiutv'  Herod.  Dial.  Mort.  xii.  5.  H. 

viii.  31.  Juvenal  describes  the  world  of  spirits 

*  Yon  may  even  add  the  personage  as  peopled  by  the  figmenta  of  the  poets ; 
himself,'  i.  #.  '  the  pretor ;  or,  rather,  the  circumstances  he  has  not  invented, 
'  the  emperor'  Nero  or  Domitian.  PR.  but  selected ;  and  it  does  not  follow,  that, 
See  note  on  i.  97.  because  be  believed  in  a  future  state,  he 

148.  *  The  penon  at  whose  expense  therefore  gave  credit  to  such  absurdities. 
the  games  were  exhibited*  was  called  We  may  attribute  the  sketch  he  has  given 
wnsuerarius,  GR,  to  his  satirical  turn,  which  he  could  not 

149.  The  poet  now  proceeds  to  attribute  forbear  indulging  to  the  disparagement 
all  this  gross  and  degrading  profligacy  to  of  his  argument.  Virgil,  to  whom  our 
scepticism  and  infidelity ;  to  the  disbelief  author  is  here  plainly  alluding,  does  not 
of  a  future  state  of  rewards  and  punish-  give  a  very  dignified  narrative  of  bis 
nents,  and,  consequently,  of  the  moral  hero's  passage  over  the  Styx  :  JE.  vi. 
govemmentof  the  universe.  LI/.  PR.  A2.  411 — 416.  Such  puerilities  excite  our 
G.  But  PYE  and  R.  take  the  sense  to  be  pity ;  especially  when  we  think  how  in- 
*  The  absurd  stories  of  the  infernal  regions  comparably  sublime  is  the  description  of 
are  now  hardly  credited  in  the  nursery ;  the  state  of  reprobation,  in  Holy  Writ,  as 
(cf.  xiii.  151  sqq.  Arist.  R.  181  sqq.  rix  a  place  "  where  the  worm  dieth  not  and 


•^- 


THE  SATIRKS  sat.  ii. 

Nee  pueri  eredunt,  nisi  qui  nondiim  sere  lavantur. 
Sed  tu  vera  puta.     Curius  quid  sentit  et  ambo 
Scipiadae,  quid  Fabricius  manesque  Camilli, 
155  Quid  Cremerae  legio  et  Cannis  consumta  juventus, 
Tot  bellorum  animse,  quoties  hinc  talis  ad  illos 

Umbra  venit  ?     Cuperent  lustrari,  si  qua  darentur 

Sulphura  cum  tsedis  et  si  foret  humida  laurus. 

the  fire  is  not  quenched :"  St  Mark  U.  '  Legion ;'  see  iii.  132. 

43  sq.  while  of  the  state  of  blessedness  At  Canna  in  Apulia,  Hannibal  gained 

the  Apostle  says,  **  Eye  hath  not  seen,  his  fourth  and  greatest  victory,  defeating 

nor  ear  heard,  neither  have  entered  into  two  consular  armies,  and  slaying  40,000 

the  heart  of  man,  the  things  which  God  of  the  Romans,  including  iEmtiimPaHdvt 

hath  prepated  for  them  that  love  him."  one  of  the  consuls,  and  so  many  of  the 

1  Cor.  ii.  9.  G.  equestrian  order,  that  three  buheh  of 

152.  The  common  people,  when  they  gold  rin^  were  sent  to  Carthage  in  token 
went  to  a  bath,  paia  the  bath-keeper  of  the  Tictory.  PR. 
a  brass  coin,  in  value  about  a  halfpenny.  156.  ItluUret  beUU  atnma ;  Lnctn, 
yi.  446.  Hor.  I  S.  iii.  137.  31.  Children,  Pbars.  VS.  bellorum  for  bellua,  as  misMS 
under  four  years  old,  were  either  not  ierciehtiutn ;  Tac.  H.  iv.  32.  for  urviUi, 
taken  to  the  baths,  or,  if  they  were,  paid  cf.  w»XXmt  $p$t/u9t  ^^x^  AfMM*  Horn. 
nothing.  VS.  Mart.  III.  xxx.  4.  XIV.  11.  A  3.  K.  Virg.  M.  vi.  660.  Juvenal 
clxiii.  Seneca  calls  the  bath  quadran-  adduces  these  patriots,  both  as  instances 
taria  res ;  £p.  86  m.  One  ms.  has  nee  of  the  belief  in  a  future  state,  the  greatest 
iene»  credunt,  nee  qui  S(C.  R.  safeguard  of  integrity  and  incentive  to                \ 

153.  'But  be   thou   persuaded  that  valour;  and  as  examples  of  the  unfading  . 
these  things  are  true.'    The  lani^uage  is  happiness  in  store  for  those  who  faithfully 
too  emphatic  for  a  mere  supposition.  G.  discharge  their  duties  as  men  and  citizens. 
See  JR.  on  149.  M. 

Curius  see  3.  157.  '  To  be  purified  from  the  con- 

154.  For  Scipimiadat  LU,  and  that  tamination  of  its  very  presence,  if  they 
for  Scipiones.  Sil.  vii.  107.  As  Mem-  could  get  the  requisite  articles.'  PA.  M, 
miades  for  Memmius;  Lucr.  i.  27.  R»  158. '  The  fumes  of  sulphur  thrown  on 
geminost  duo  fulmina  belli,  Scipiadas,  a  lighted  torch  of  the  unctuous  pine.'  Af. 
eladem  Libya;  Virg.  i£.  vi.843  sq.  PR.  Plin.  H.  N.  xxxv.  15.  PR.  luttralem 
Africanus  Mqjor,  who  conquered  Han-  ric  rite/acenit  cut  lumen  odorum  sul- 
nibal,  and  Afrietmus  Minor,  who  rased  phure  caruleo  nigroque  bitumine/umat, 
Numantia  and  Carthage.  M,  eireum  membra   rotat    doctus   purganda 

C.  Luiciniut  Fabrieiut,  the  conqueror  sacerdos,  rorepio  tpargens  et  dirajugan' 

of  Pyrrbus.     V.  Max.  iv.  3,  6.    PR.  tibusherbiinumina,puriJieumqueJov*m 

Virg.  i£.  vi.  845.  Triviamque  prceattu,  trans  caput  avertit 

M.  Furius  Camillui,  five  tiroes  dicta-  manibus  Jaeulatur  in  auttrum  aeeum  rap- 

tor,  saved  the  city  from  the  Gauls,  and  turas  cantata  piacula  tad  as',    Claud. 

was  styled  '  a  second  Romulus.*  PR.  VI.  Cons.  Hon.  324  sqq.  Ov.  M.  vii. 

He    was    the    first   citizen,    who    was  261.    F.  iv.  739  sq.   A.  A.  ii.  329  S(|. 

honoured  with  an  equestrian  statue  in  Tib.  I.   v.  11.  ii.  61.   Prop.  IV.  viii. 

the  forum.  M.  83  sqq.  Hom.  Od.  X  481.  GR.  i  fsdyet 

155.  The  FoMi,  who  had  taken  the  ^f^m  mm^^itm  tx^^  ws^t^iynwi  /mi.  7m  ^ 
Veian  war  upon  themselves,  were  cut  oflf  fiXmirr»i^ti9  &ri  rSf  pmfrmrfmrif'  Luc. 
by  the  enemy  at  the  Cremera,  in  Tns-  Nee.  9  &  7.  R. 

cany,  to  the  number  of  three  hundred  '  A  branch  of  bay  dipped  in  water' 

and  six.    The  clan  would  thereby  have  was  also  used  to  sprinkle  the  parties  whc 

become  extinct,  but  for  one  boy  who  was  were  to  be  purifieo.  Plin.  H.  N.  xv.  30 

left  at  home.    Liv.  ii.  48  sqq.    Ov.  F.  ii.  PR. 

193  sqq.  PR.    Virg.  X,.  vi.  846.  Af.  Lauro  sparguntur  ab  uda;   Ov.  7 

Dionys.  ix.  22.  Sil.  viL  40  sqq.  R.  v.  677.  JR. 


SAT.  n.  OF  JUVENAL.  39 

Dluc  heu  !  miseri  traducimur.     Arma  quidem  ultra 
160  Litora  Juvernse  promovimus  et  modo  captas 
Orcadas  ac  minima  contentos  nocte  Britannos : 
Sed  quee  nunc  populi  fiunt  victoris  in  urbe, 
Non  faciunt  illi,  quos  vicimus.     "  Et  tamen  unus 
Armenius  Zalates  cunctis  narratur  ephebis 

165  Mollior  ardenti  sese  indulsisse  Tribuno." 

Adspice,  quid  faciant  commercia !  venerat  obses. 
Hie  fiunt  homines.     Nam  si  mora  longior  Urbem 
Indulsit  pueris,  non  umquam  deerit  amator : 
Mittentur  bracae,  cultelli,  frena,  flagellum. 

170  Sic  prsetextatos  referunt  Artaxata  mores. 

159.  See  149.    Thus  Trimalcio  ex-    IV  S.  vi.  36  sq.  R. 

cUtms  '  H$u,  heu,  not  mistrot!  quam  Caligala  may  be  the  wretch  designtfed 

Uhu  hammnew  nil  ut  I  tie  trimut  euneti,  by  the  name  of  *  Tribune  ;*  Suet.  36.  3f . 

jmtquam    not   atifirtt  Onus;*     Petroa.  cf.  zi.  7.  R. 

'  BclieTe,oriiot;  there  is  our  final  home!'  166.  Cf.  78.  GR»    Bonum  esse  cum 

LU*  G.     DAemur  morCi  nos,  nottraque\  bonis,  haud  valde  laudabiUest;  at  immensi 

Hor.  A.  P.  63.  PA.    '  We  axe  on  our  eK  praconii,  bonum  etiam  inter  malos  er- 

n»d  thither.'    But  R.  takes  it  to  mean,  stitisse;  Greg.  Mag.  Mor.  i.  1.  PR. 

'  To  inch  a  pass  are  we  wretches  come !'  As  *  a  hostage'  his  person  should  have 

160.  The  same  as  Hibernia  '  Ireland.'  been  sacred.  LU.  The  breach  of  honour 
LU*    Camden  thinks  the  Romans  did  aggravates  the  crime.  M. 

act  ooaqaer  that  island,  M.  (cf.  Tac.  Ag.  167.  '  Rome  is  the  place  for  forming 

34.)  bot  Juvenal  may  be  obliauely  ridi-  men.'  R. 

cvUng  the  boastfulness  of  his  Regenerate  168.  'A  seducer.* 

fdlow-coootrymeo.  R.  169.    '  Their   national   costume   and 

Kedo  i.e.  by  Claudius,  LU.  or  by  habits  will  be  laid  aside.'  The  Orientals, 

Agrkola ;  Tac.  10.  R.  as  well  as  the  Gauls,  wore  <  trowsers.'  FA. 

161.  •  The  Orkneys.'  Af.  Pers.  iii.  63.   PR.    viii.  234.  Prop.  IV. 
In  Britannia  ditrum  tpatia  ultra  nostri  x.  43.    Suet.  Aug.  82.    Ov.  Tr.  V.  x. 

»rhi»  mensuram :  et  nox  clara,  et  extrtma  34.   III.  x.  19  sq.    *Afo^u^t^%t*     (See 

fmrU   Bntonnue  brevit,  ut  finem  atque  note  on  Her.  v.  49.)     '  The  dagger,  or 

issiiissmlmeuexiguodiserimiMinternotcas',  eouteau  de  chasse,*  "wza  an  appendage  to 

Tac  Ag.  12.  PR.    Plin.  ii.  75.    C«s.  their  girdles :  a  diminutive  noun  is  used, 

B.  G.  V.  10.  R.  because  boys  are  spoken  of.  R. 

162.  Underrtand,/Zagi(ia  et/aeinora.  170.  Sie  *  by  a  protracted  residence.' 
Tbos  Seneca  says  of  A lexander ;  armis  BRI. 

vie  it,  vitiit  vie  tut  est,  LU.  Artaxata,  on  the  Araxes,  is  the  capital 

163.  Some  one  here  starts  an  objec-    of  Greater  Armenia.  (The  noun  is  in  the 
tioo.  R.  neuter  plural.)  BRL  Now '  Teflis.'  PR. 

164.  Armenian  hostages  are  men<        '  The  morals  of  the  fashionable  Ro< 
I  ticmed,  Tae.  A.  xiii.  9.  xv.  T  sqq.  LU.       mans,'  i.  78.  M.  or  '  gross ;'  Suet.  Ves. 

When  the  Roman  yonths assumed  the  22.    BRL    i.  e.    by    antiphrasis, 

virile  gown,  they  were  said  exeedere  ex  *  snch    as    no   gentleman   would  use.' 

epkebit.  Ter.  And.  I.  i.  24.  Festus.  cf.  Pers.  v.  30.  PR.  or  *  such 

165.  Ardens:  Virg.  £.  ii.  1.  M.  as  require  a  veil  or  cloak  to  conceal 
'  To  have  yielded  hb  person.'  Stat,  them.'  R. 


SATIRE    III. 


ARGUMENT. 

Umbricius,  an  eminent 'soothsayer,  {aruspicum  in  noitro  €Bvo  penHmmw; 
Plin.  who,  on  the  day  Galba  was  murdered,  predicted  the  impending 
treason ;  Tac.  H.  i.  27.  Pint,)  disgusted  at  the  prevalence  of  vice  and 
the  total  disregard  of  needy  and  unassuming  virtue,  is  introduced  as  on 
the  point  of  quitting  Rome,  1 — 9.  The  poet  accompanies  him  a  short 
distance  out  of  the  town,  10 — 20.  when  the  honest  exile,  no  longer  able 
to  suppress  his  indignation,  stops  short,  and  in  a  strain  of  animated 
invective,  acquaints  his  friend  with  the  cause  of  his  retirement,  21  sqq. 

This  Satire  is  managed  with  wonderful  ingenuity.  The  way  by  which 
Juvenal  conducts  Umbricius,  1 1  sqq.  is  calculated  to  raise  a  thousand 
tender  images  in  his  mind ;  and,  when  he  stops  to  look  at  it  for  the  last 
time,  in  a  spot  endeared  by  religion,  covered  with  the  venerable  relics 
of  antiquity,  and  in  itself  eminently  beautiful,  we  are  led  to  listen  with  a 
melancholy  interest  to  the  farewell  of  the  solitary  fugitive. 

The  discourse  of  Umbricius  may  be  resolved  under  the  following  heads  : 
Flattery  and  Vice  are  the  only  thriving  arts  at  Rome;  21—67.  in  these 
points  the  Romans  are  left  far  in  the  distance  by  the  foreigners,  more 
especially  the  Greeks,  who  resort  to  the  city  in  such  shoals,  58—425. 
Poor  clients  are  not  only  defrauded  of  their  dues  by  wealthy  competitors, 
126 — 130.  but  have  the  mortification  of  seeing  low-born  fellows  put  over 
their  head,  131 — 136.  153  sqq.  and  of  finding  themselves  universally 
slighted,  137 — 163.  Then  the  expense  of  living  in  Rome  is  enormous, 
147  sqq.  164  sqq.  223 — 225.  Besides,  you  are  in  constant  apprehension 
of  being  either  buried  by  some  overgrown,  top-heavy,  building,  or  burnt 
in  your  bed :  190 — ^222.  that  is,  if  you  can  contrive  to  fall  asleep  in  the 
midst  of  such  a  din  and  racket,  232 — ^238.  Unless  you  are  rich  you 
cannot  move  about  town  with  any  comfort,  239 — 267.  &nd  if  you  stir  out 
after  dark,  you  are  almost  sure  of  a  broken  head,  either  from  some 
missile  out  of  a  garret-window,  268 — 277*  or  from  the  cudgel  of  some 
choice  spirit,  who  has  sallied  into  t>«  streets  in  quest  of  an  adventure : 
278 — 301.  should  you  try  to  avoid  such  a  rencounter  by  striking  into 
the  lanes,  you  run  the  risk  of  being  robbed  and  murdered  by  one  of 
those  num.erous  ruffians,  who,  for  the  accommodation  of  the  honest 
citizens,  have  been  hunted  into  Rome,  and  there  left  to  exercise  their 
vocation  uflilAickled,  as  the  blacksmiths  cannot  keep  pace  with  the 
demand  for  irons,  302 — 314. 

After  alleging  these  various  reasons  for  leaving  town,  Umbricius  bids  an 
affectionate  farewell  to  his  friend,  315— 322.  O.  R. 

This  Satire  is  imitated  by  Math.  Reignier,  Sat.  iii.  by  Nic.  Boileau,  Sat.  i. 
and  vi,  by  Smollett, '  Satirical  Description  of  London  and  Bath  in  the 
Expedition  of  Humphry  Clinker;  '/2.  and  by  Dr.  Johnson,  in  "  London; 
a  Poem." 


SAT.  III.        THE  SATIRES  OF  JUVENAL.  41 


QuAMVis  digressu  veteris  confusus  amici, 
Laudo  tamen,  vacuis  quod  sedem  figere  Cumis 
Destinet  atque  unum  civem  donare  Sibylls. 
Janua  Baiarum  est  et  gratum  litus  amoeni 
5  Secessus.     Ego  vel  Prochytam  praepono  Suburee.    • 
Nam  quid  tarn  miserum,  tarn  solum  Tidimus,  ut  non 
Detenus  credas  horrere  incendia,  lapsus 
Tectonim  assiduos  ac  mille  pericula  saevae 
Urbis  et  Augusto  recitantes  mense  poetas  ? 
10  Sed  dum  tota  domus  reda  componitur  una, 

Substitit  ad  yeteres  arcus  madidamque  Capenam. 

1.  *  Tnmbled/  R.  141.    Mart  VI.  Izvi.2.  VII.  zzxl  12. 

2.  Cunue,  which  wis  '  now  decayed    X.  xciv.  5.  XII.  zviii.  2.   Pen.  v.  32. 
and  hot  thinly  iohabited,'  wai  the  anaent    LU.  PR.  M.  JR. 

capital  of  Campania  and  one  of  the  oldest  6.  '  Lonely ;'  Sil.  iii.  429.  R. 

dtics  in  Italy,  built    by  a  colony  of  7.  Cf.  LJ,  on  Tac.  A o.  xv.  43.  HEU, 

Cmnaini  firom  Aaia.  LU.  M.  of.  x.  102.  Coram,  de  Pol.  Rom.  §.  17.  and  45.  Sen. 

Viif.  G.  ii.  225.    Hor.  I  £p.  rii.  46.   ii.  Cootr.  ix.  2.  R,  prteterea  domibusflam- 

81  a%q.  A.  mam  domibusque  ruin  am;    Prop.  II. 

(>  «  At  kaat  one  citizen  to  the  Sibyl/  xzvii.  9.  BRI. 

G.  {.«• '  to  Cumc'  cf.  Plant.  Pers.  IV.  8.  It  is '  cruel'  to  keep  persons  in  con< 

ni.  6.    R.    In  this  town  there  was  a  stant  fear  of  their  lives.  GR. 

oalebraled  temple  of  the  SUbyl,  hence  Equidem,  nos   quod    Romae    sumut, 

calM  Comsan.    The  Sibyls  were  ten  in  mitetrimnm  esu duco, — quod  omnibu$ 

rnnaber ;  and  the  name  is  derived  from  c  a  si  but  iubitornm  perieulorum 

$ttAk  and  Zi^  i.  «.  ^sig,  LU,  or  Sm?  for  magis  objecli  sumut,  quam  si  abesxmn* ; 

mS.  PR.  Virg.  iE.  vi.  10  sqq.  U.  Cic.  VI  Ep.  iv.  BRL 

4.  '  It  is  the  grand  thoroughfare  to  9.  There  is  much  malicious  humour  in 
iur,  (cf.  Yiii.  160.  R.)  which  was  a  this  climax :  '  fires,  falls  of  houses,  and 

▼ery  fashionable  watering-place;  nuUus  poets  reciting  their  verses  in  the  dog-days!' 

M  9rh§  dmu  Baiit  vralucet  amxnii;  Hor.  In  the  very  hottest  month,  when  every 

I  £p.  i.  83.  BRl.    Both  these  towns  one  who  could,  ran  away  from  Rome, 

were  pleasantly  situated  in  the  fiay  of  those  who  remained  behind  were  called 

Maples.  *LU,  upon  to  help  make  an  audience  for  these 

5.  Proehyta,  now  '  Procita,'  was  a  incessant  spouters.  Metastasio*s  transla- 
barren  rock,  about  three  miles  in  circum-  tion  of  this  passage  is  peculiarly  happy, 
ferenoe,  off  Cape  Misenus.  Some  derive  "  a  tanti  rischi  Delta  cittct  trooarti  espoUo, 
the  nante  firom  irf»xvHu,Uom  its  having  eatfolU  Ciealar  d£  poeti  a*  giorni 
been  thrown  out  of  the  sea  by  an  earth-  tstivi.'*  cf.  i.  1  sqq.  Pers.  i.  17.  Hor.  I 
quake.  Plin.  H.  N.  u.  88.  iii.  6.  Sil.  viii.  S.  ix.  A.  P.  453  sqq.  BRf.  PR.  G. 
542.  Virgil  calls  it  alta\  JE.  ix.  715.  10.  '  All  his  family  and  furniture  are 
Statins  eipfra;  II  &  ii.  76.  LU.  PR.  R.  stowed  in  a  single  wa^on.'  PR.  This 
It  is  DOW  ooihrerted  into  a  pretty,  fertile,  shows  the  frugal  moderation  of  Umbritius. 
fpot.  Gm  BRL  Reda  is  derived  from  the  same  Cel- 

Subura,  the  etymology,   and,  conse-  tic  root  as  our  verb  r ids.    Itwasafour- 

qnently,  the  orthography  of  this  word  is  wheeled  vehicle.  R. 

■Bcertain:  cf.  Varr.  L.  L.  iv.  8.  Quint..  11.  '  He  stopped  for  it.'  VS.     While 

L  vii.  28.  BO,  p.  82.  It  now  retains  the  he  and  Juvenal  are  standing  there,  the 

name  of '  la  Snburra.'    It  was  a  noisy  following  conversation  takes  place.  M. 

•Irect*  fuU  of  shop,  and  frequented  by  '  The    ancient  triumphal    arches'  of 

thitfcs  and  pnstitntai.  z.  156.  zi.  51.  Romulus,  which  were    l^uilt   of  brick 

O 


42  THE  SATIRES  sat.  hi. 

Hie,  ubi  iiocturn83  Numa  constituebat  amicse, 
Nunc  sacri  fontis  nemus  et  delubra  locantur 
Judaeis,  quorum  cophinus  foenumque  supellex, 
15  (Omnis  enim  populo  mercedem  pendere  jussa  est 
Arbor  et  ejectis  mendicat  silva  Camenis) 
In  vallem  Egeriae  descendimus  et  speluncas 
Dissimiles  veris.     Quanto  prsstantius  esset 
Numen  aquae,  viridi  si  margine  clauderet  undas 

originally,  afterwards  of  marble.  LU,  Or  by  an  edict  of  Domitian,  CU,  as,  for- 

the  arches  of  the  aqueduct.  T.  HK.  merly,  by  a  decree  of  Claudius:   not 

Capena  was  the  gate  opening  to  the  long  afterwards,  however,  the  city  was 

Appian    road:    VS,    now  called    **  St  again  full  of  them.  vi.  542  saq.  R, 
Sebastian's  Gate."  GR.     It  was  '  wet'        The' hay' probably  served  by  way  of  a 

from  the  number  of  springs  there  (whence  pillow  to  keep  their  heads  from  the  damp 

it  had  the  name  of  Foutinalis)  FE.  and  ground.    BRI,  G.    The  mi^vf  was  a 

also  from  the  constant  dripping  of  the  *  basket,'  in  which  the  Jews  used  to  carry 

aqueducts.      Capena  grandi    porta  qua  their  provisions,  to  keep  them  from  pollu- 

pluit  gutta ;  Mart.  III.  xlvii.  1.  LU,  X.  tiou.    See  St  Matthew  xiv.  20.  xvi.  9  sq. 

zxxv.  14.  Liv.  xxxv.  10.  R,  It  was  also  St  Mark  vi.  43.  viii.  19  sq.  St  Luke  iz.  17. 

called   Tnumphalis,  from  the  triumphs  St  John  vi.  13.  M.    When  it  is  said  that 

passing  through  it.  PR.  the  disciplesofourLord  gathered  up  twelve 

12.  Numa  Pompilius,  vt  p<tpulum  baskets  full  of  fragments,  it  may  mean 
Romanum  saeris  obligaret,  volebat  videri  that  each  apostle  filled  his  own  baskit* 
iibi  cum  dea  Egeria  congreuut  esse  noctur-  15.  '  Not  a  tree  but  pays  its  rent :'  for 
fwSt  eJHsque  mouitu  accepta  din  immortali-  the  grove  was  crowded  with  these  poor 
iui  %acra  imlituere\  V.  Max.  i.  2.  Liv.  wretches,  who  were  glad  to  avail  them- 
i.  19.  21.  PR.  Nympha  Numa  cmyux,  selves  even  of  this  comfortless  shelter.  M. 
comiliumque  fuit ;   Ov.  F.  iii.  262.  276.  Suet.  Dom.  12.  i?. 

&c.  GR,  M.  XV.  482  sqq.  Diooys.  ii.  60  The phnae  mercedem  p end ere(yvhence 

sqq.  Plut.  Num.  R.  oar  word  pound)  originated  from  sums 

'  Made  assignations;*  vi.  487.  Prop,  of  money  being  weighed,  instead  of 

IV.  viii.  33.  R.  counted.  LU, 

13.  Lucui  erat,  quern  medium  ex  16.  Cf.  vi.  541  sqq.  '  The  old  tenants 
cpaeo  specu  font  perenni  rigabat  aqua :  being  served  with  an  ejectment.'  By 
quo  quia  se  per$itpe  Numa  sine  arbitris  *  the  forest*  is  meant  *  the  new  tenantry 
velut  ad  congressum  deae  inferebat\  of  the  forest,'  which  '  goes  a  begging*  to 
Camenis  eum  lueum  sacravitf  quod  collect  both  a  livelihood  and^the  rent 
earum  sU)i  concilia  cum  conjuge  sua  against  next  quarter-day.  LI/.  Or  *  the 
Egeria  essent ;  Liv.  i.  21.  PR,  forest  swarms  with  beggars.'  M, 

More  than  one  delnhrum  were  often  17.  '  I  and  Umbricius.'  LU. 

within  the  same  templum  or  ri/iiNr.  '  Grottoes,  altered  till  they  have  lost 

Locare  *  to  let,'  eonducere  *  to  hire  or  aU  resemblance  to  nature.'  LU, 

rent ; '  3 1 .  Such  was  the  a  v  a  r  i  c  e  of  the  1 8.  Cf.  xi.  1 1 6  sq.  Perhaps  we  should 

Romans  that  they  exacted  rent  from  these  read  prae$eniius\  cf.  Virg.  E.  i.  42. 

Jews,  though  they  were  so  poor,  that  'a  G.  i.  10.  i£.  ix.  404.  GRyfl,  R, 

basket  with  a  small  bundle  of  hay  con-  19.  Our  poet  here  is  indeed  to  Ovid : 

stituted  the  whole  of  their  goods  and  vallis  erattpiceisetacutadensa  cuprettu; 

chattels:'   vi.  541.  and  such  their  im-  eujusin  extremo  est  antrum  nemo  rale 

piety  that  they  did  not  scruple  to  let  recessu^ arte  laboratum  nulla :  simulaterat 

the  sacred  grove  to  these  persecuted  out-  artem  ingenio  natura  suo :   nam  pumiee 

casts.  LU,  PR.  R,  rivo  et  levibus  tophis  nativum  duierat 

14.  The  heathens  confounded  the  arcum.  Font  sonat  a  dextratenui  pgr- 
Christians  and'  the  Jews.'  The  latter  iucidus  undo,  margine  gramineo 
had  been  expelled  from  Rome,  reeently,  patulos    incinetus    hiatus;    Met.   iii. 


»AT.  111.  OF  JUVENAL.  43 

20  Herba  nee  ingenuum  violarent  marmora  tophum  ! 

Hie  tune  Umbricius  <<  Quando  artibus'^  inquit  **  honestis 
Nullus  in  Urbe  loeus,  nulla  cmolumenta  laborum, 
Res  hodie  minor  est,  here  quam  fuit,  atque  eadem  eras 
Deteret  exiguis  aliquid  :  proponimus  illue 

25  Ire,  fatigatas  ubi  Daedalus  exuit  alas, 

Dum  nova  eanities,  dum  prima  et  recta  senectus, 
Dum  superest  Laehesi,  quod  torqueat,  et  pedibus  me 
Porto  meis,  nullo  dextram  subeunte  bacillo. 
Cedamus  patria :  vivant  Artorius  istie 

80  Et  Catulus :  maneant,  qui  nigrum  in  Candida  vertunt, 
Quis  faeile  est  aedem  condueere,  flumina,  portus, 

155  iqq.   Numen  aqwt '  the  sacred  fount :'  decrepita.  HO, 

JL  or  *  the  Naiad  of  the  ipring.'  M.  27.  Dum  ra  et  tetas  et  tororum  Jila 

20.  li^^imM  '  oatiTe.'    The   tophut  trium  patiuntur  atra ;   Hor.  II  Oil.  ifi. 

was  *  a  coarse  JiiDe-8tooe»'  which  was  15  so.     The  respective  offices  of  the 

now  lupplaoed  by  '  a  marble  basin/  A.  three  Destinies  is  described  in  the  follow- 

Ait.  'does  violence'  to  nature :  nulto  vio'  ing  verse  :   Ctotho  colum  gestal^  Lachesis 

laiut  Jtt^ier auro ;  i\.  \\6, violaverit ostro  net,   et  Atrapos    occat.      The    name   of 

«^r  ;  Virg.  JE.  xii.  67.  Mart.  I.  liy.  6.  Lachesis  is  derived  from  ^Myx^"**-  LU, 
ftmhtnlXipeurmf^Uau'  Hom.II.Al4 1. R. 


21.  The  word  honestu  is  emphatic.  M. 


cf.  Cat.  Ixiv.  312  saq.  Torquere  and  vertare 
(Tib.  II.  i.  64.)  signify  '  to  spin.'  R. 


Tins  passage  is  an  imitation  of  Plautus        28.    Senex,  gravatus  annis,   tatut  in 

Merc.  V.  i.  7  sqq.  GIL  baculum  pronus  et  lassum  trahens  veiti' 

22.   Emolumenium,  from  •  and  tnola,  gium  ;  Apul.  LU.     Compare  the  riddle 

properly  '  the  profit  got  by  grist.'  of  the  Sphinx. 


23. '  My  fortune  is  growing  less,  daily.'  29.  Cf.  ii.  131.  Artoriu$  and  Catulu$ 

PR,  were  two  knaves  who,  by  disreputable 

Here  is  an  ancient  form  of  heri,  PR.  arts,  had  risen   from   the  dregs  of  the 

24.  '  Will  file  down  somewhat.'  dam-  people  to  affluence.  VS. 

mota  quid  non  imminuit  dies9    Hor.  Ill  30.    Qui  facere  astuerat,  patriae  noii 

Od.  vi.  45.  GR.     Strictly  speaking,  res  degeiier  artii,  Candida  de  uigrit  et 

deteritnr  and  notde(«r<t.  JR.  de  candentibus  atra  ;  Ov.  M.  xi.  314  sq. 

'I  and  my  family  propose.*  M.  '  White*  and  '  black'  the  ancients  often 

25.  [Livy  xxviii,  15,  5.  £D.]  '  Fa-  used  for  '  good'  and  '  bad  :*  hie  niger  est ; 
tigoed  with  his  long  flight  from  Crete.*  hunc  tu,  Romanes  caveto;  Hor.  I  S.  iv. 
Virg.  M.  vi.  14  sqq.  If  Dsdalus,  who  85.  Pers.  v.  108.  His  pramium  nunc  est, 
had  the  choice  of  all  the  world  before  ^uir^rfaprava/ariunr;  Ter.Phor.V.ii.  6. 
him,  fixed  upon  Curoie,  it  must  indeed  LU,  Pers.  ii.  1  sq.  Mundana  sapientia 
be  a  lofely  spot  (since  he  was  both  eat  cor  machinationibu$  tegere,  senium 
uimtf  and  s^mt'  cf.  Arist.  Rh.  I.  vii.  2.)  verbis  velare,  qua  falsa  sunt  vera  ostend ere, 
LU-  i.  54.  PR,  Sil.  xii.  89  sqq.  R»  qua  vera  sunt  falsa  demonstrare  ;   Greg. 

26b  '  Befom  the  infirmities  of  old  age  Mag.  Mor.  PA. 

mw  upon  me:'  LU,  cf.  Cic.  Sen.  26.  31.  '  Who  have  the  means  of  getting 

dO.    Pn.     donee    virenti    canities    ahest  contracts  for  lucrative  public  works.'  M. 

aMwia;   Hor.  I  Od.  iz.  17  sq.  i?.     Phi-  These  contractors  were  generally  of  the 

knopbefs  divided  man's  life  thus :   from  Equestrian  order.  R,    *  The  building  of 

birta  to  3  or  4  infantia,  3  or  4  to  10  a  temple;'   for  this  is  (almost  without 

^H^rilia,  10 to  18 pu6er(ai,  1 8 to 25 m/oles-  exception)  the  signification  of  aedes  in 

ceKtM,25to35or40juoentiis,35or  40  to  the  singular.   SV.  tn»f  fue4»vfim'    Her. 

50  mtat  nrilii,  50  to  65  uneetut  prima  or  v.  62.    Sec  note  on  vi,  597.    [Livy  xxii, 

r§eta,  65  till  death   uneetus  ultima  or  33,  8  ;  xxiii,  48,  10.  {DT.)  ED,] 


44 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  III. 


Siccandam  eluviem,  portandum  ad  busta  cadaver, 
£t  prsebere  caput  doiniiia  venale  sub  hasta. 
Quondam  hi  comicines  et  municipalis  arense 
35  Perpetui  comites  notaeque  per  oppida  buccse^ 
Munera  nunc  edunt  et  yerso  poUice  vulgi 


'  The  cleariDg  the  mud  from  rivers 
and  harbours/  or  else  '  the  fisheries,  fer- 
ries, and  harbour  duet.'  FA.  BRL  Or 
'  the  coYistructioD  and  reparation  of  har- 
bours.' GR. 

32.  •  The  cleansing  of  the  public ' 
lewers.'  VS,    cf.  Arist.  Eth.  iv.  I. 

'  The  furoisbiog  of  a  funeral.'  G. 
Scipio's  funeral  was  performed  by  coo- 
tract,  the  sum  being  raised  by  subscrip- 
tion :  Plin.  H.  N.  xxi.  3.  PR. 

33.  *  To  speculate  in  a  drove  of  slaves* 
by  buyine  the  whole  cargo,  and  then  dis- 
posing of  them  by  auction  io  separate 
lots.  GR,     Pers.  vi.  76  sq.  Af. 

'  A  spear'  used  to  be  stuck  up  as  the 
sign  of  a  public  auction.  [Livy  xxiii,  37, 
3 ;  xzvii,  24,  b.  ED.]  It  was  called 
'  the  mistress-spear*  as  implying  the 
dominion  over  the  person  and  life  of  the 
slave,  which  was  then  and  there  vested 
in  the  purchaser.  BR.  M.  Tib.  II.  iv. 
54.  dominus  and  domina  are  often  used 
as  adjectives  :  Ov.  Her.  iii.  100.  H. 

34.  '  They  once  used  to  blow  the  horn 
at  the  provincial  theatres,  and  attend  the 
strolling  company  of  prize-fighters  from 
town  to  town.'  T.  PR.  •  The  horn'  was 
sounded  to  call  the  people  together,  as 
at  the  shows  in  our  country  fairs.  Af. 

Municipium  was  '  a  borough-town,' 
which  bad  the  privileges  and  freedom  of 
Rome,  and  at  the  same  time  was  governed 
by  laws  of  its  own,  somewhat  like  our 
corporations.  Af. 

35.  '  Their  faces  were  known;'  for 
which  Juvenal  says  '  their  cheeks,'  the 
most  prominent  part  of  their  faces  while 
they  were  puffing  their  horns.  PR,  Af. 

36. '  Now  they  give  shows  to  the  people.' 
From  the  occasional  practice  of  putting 
prisoners  of  war  to  death  at  the  grave  of 
a  favourite  chief  who  had  fallen  in  battle, 
as  the  readiest  way  to  appease  his  manes, 
arose  that  of  exhibiting  combats  of  gladi- 
ators in  Rome,  at  the  funerals  of  eminent 
persons ;  to  which  they  were  for  some 
time  restricted .  The  magistrates  were  the 
first  to  break  through  this  restriction,  by 
producing  them  at  festivals  for  the  amuse- 
ment of  the  citizens.  Ambitious  men 
soon  found  that  to  gratify  the  people 


with  such  entertainments  vris  one  of  the 
readiest  roads  to  power.  Cicero  fint 
checked  this  abuse  by  a  law  prohibiting 
candidates  from  so  doing.  Augnstoi  de- 
creed that  they  should  be  given  bet 
twice  a  year.  Caligula  removed  eveiy 
restriction :  Domitian  gave  them  every 
encouragement:  and  even  Trajan  ex- 
hibited the  horrid  spectacle  of  10,000 
victims,  on  his  triumph  over  the  DaciantI 
There  were  other  checks  of  a  secondary  na* 
ture  :  among  these  a  decree  of  the  senate, 
ne  qui*  gladiatorium  munui  edtret 
cut  minor  quadringentorum  miltium  rci ; 
Tac.  An.  iv.  63.  and  be  was  also  required 
to  be  a  free  citizen ;  for  Harpocrat,  the 
freedman  of  Claudius,  exhibited  them  bj 
the  emperor^s  special  indulgence.  This 
will  account  for  the  indignation  which 
the  poet  feels,  when  such  purse-proud 
upstarts  presumed  to  trifle  away  the  lives 
of  their  fellow-creatures  at  the  caprice  of 
an  unfeeling  rabble.  Constantino  sup- 
pressed these  barbarous  shows;  which 
were  finally  abolished  by  Arcadius  and 
Houorius.  cf.  Suet.  Cms.  10.  Tac  An. 
xiii.  49.  G.  T,  R. 

Vertere  poUicem  viras  a  siffn  of  con- 
demnation, premere  poUieem  of  favour,  cf. 
Hor.  I  £p.  xviii.  66.  LU.  Plin.  xxviii.  2. 
PR.  The  brutalization,  resulting  from 
the  frequent  sight  of  these  massacres,  ren- 
dered instances  of  compassion  but  rare. 
If  any  where,  we  might  have  anticipated 
such  pity  would  be  found  in  the  breasts  of 
the  Vestals :  0  teiierum  miUmque anhnum  I 
conturgit  ad  ictui :  et,  quoliei  victor femtm 
jugub  inserit,  Ula  delieiai  ait  utt  mat ! 
pectusquejacentii  virgo  modestajubtt  eon^' 
verto  poUice  rumpi;  ne  lateat  pan 
ulla  anintfe  vitalibut  imii,  altius  impnsao 
dum  patpitat  ent*  seeutor  t  Prud.  ad9, 
Sym.  1095.  No  war  or  pestilence  ever 
swept  away  such  myriads  of  the  human 
race,  as  these  barbarous  sports.  In  some 
months,  twenty  or  thirty  thousand  were 
slaughtered  in  Europe  alone.  Nero  and 
Caligula  did  but  put  to  death  some  hun- 
dreds during  their  reigns :  whereas,  at 
these  games,  even  private  citixeos  fre- 
quently butchered  a  thousand  in  a  day ! 


SAT.  III.  OF  JUVENAL.  45 

Quern  libet  occidunt  populariter:  inde  reversi 
Conducunt  foricas;  et  cur  non  omnia?  quum  sint, 
Quales  ex  humili  magna  ad  fasti^a  rerum 

40  ILxtollit,  quoties  voluit  Fortuna  jocari. 

Quid  Romse  faciam?   Mentiri  nescio:  librum, 
Si  malus  est,  nequeo  laudare  et  poscere:  motus 
Astrorum  ignoro:  funus  promittere  patris 
Nee  Tolo  nee  possum :  ranarum  viscera  numquam 

45  Inspexi.     Ferre  ad  nuptam,  quae  mittit  adulter, 

37.  '  When  the mlgar  spectators  have  **  But  how  may  I  this  honour  now  attaine, 
BOtUied  their  wishes,  be  gives  the  death-  That  cannot  dye  the  colour  black  a  Iyer  1 
Bgnal  which  was  waited  for,  to  curry  My  Poynes,  I  cannot  frame  my  tune  to 
fiivoiir  with  the  rabble ;'  LU.  GIL  and  fayn.  To  cloke  the  truth,  for  praise  with* 
theielbre  misht  be  said  '  to  kill'  the  out  desert,  Of  them  that  list  all  vice  for 
gladiati»r:  c^  116.  il.  upon  the  prin-  to  retayne.'*  Hence  he  cannot  prefer 
dple  quifaeit  per  alium,JaeU  per  ie.  Chaucer's  Tale  of  Sir  Topas  to  his  Pa- 

'  From  these  magnificent  exhibitions,  laemon  and  Arcite:  he  cannot  **  Praise 

diey  start  off  to  the  ediles  to  get  some  Syr  Topas  for  a  noble  tale.  And  scorne 

locimtive  contract,  no  matter  how  sordid.'  the  story  that  the  Knight  tolde.     Praise 

ACH.  him  for  couusell  that  is  dronke  of  ale  ; 

38.  '  They  farm  the  Jakes,'  built  for  Grinne  when  he  laughes  that  beareth  all 
tlie  accommodation  of  the  public,  upon  the  sway,  Frowne  when  he  frownes,  and 
fMjment  of  a  trifle,  eondueere  *  to  con-  grone  when  he  is  pale ;  On  others*  lust 
tract  for;'  vi.  597.  R.  see  note  on  13.  to  hang  both  night  and  day."  G. 

cC  ArisLEth.iv.  1.  Libmm:    cf.    Hor.  A.   P.  419  sqq. 

40.  '  The  elevation  of  such  low  people  Pers.  i.  FA,  quod  tarn  grande  **  e»pSt  !'* 
is  solely  attributable  to  a  frolic  of  the  clamat  tibi  turha  togata,  nan  (u,  Pomponi, 
bfind  goddess.'  x.  866.  Hor.  1  Od.  caena  diserta  tua  est;  Mart.  VI.  xlviii. 
zxxiv.  I48qq.  xxxv.  I  sqq.  Ill  Od.  xxix.  M. 

49  sqq.  M.  vii.  197  sq.  Stat.  Th.  iii.  42.  Poscere  '  to  say  I  should  be  de- 

179.    Gland,  in  Eut  i.  23  sqq.    Hence  lighted  to  have  a  copy.'  FA. 

she  is  called  ti»^n6a ;  vi.  605?(qq.  Irtrri  '  I  am  no  astrologer.'   FA.    vi*  553 

3)  jmJ  tSp  riir  T»x*it  ^7«^«v  fMrm^^tnsf,  sqq.  xiv.  248  sq.   R. 

i^tru,  Sewtf  U  r»nrf  ttmi  rtXiw^crifiry  43.  Spondere;   vi.  548.  '  to  the  pro- 

ifdfmrt.  Tw^W  l|  tUirte  hftrirnf  tr^tt-  digal  and  expectant  heir'  (vi.  565  sqq.), 

«mi,  rtv  T  Apt)  ^Xtwe'fu  rimrM,  rn  ft  R.    qui  filiut  anU  diem  patriot  inquirit 

emr^A^ntB  U  wivnrt  &  ^mnXim  tmTt*  yd^  in  annos^  Ov.  M.  i.  148.  FA. 

^rm  »mi  «••  )fmr«r«»  Xern,  Its,  *mir§t  44.  <  Though  a  soothsayer,  I  never 

fnMfT9^»9fa,init  rnt  l^x^f  «'«i^ii»  rk  rSv  explored  the  entrails  of  a  t  o  a  d,'  for  the 

Jkti^^^rm  iffdyfuiTm  s«}  ifMXsyvetit  ftntt*  purpose  of  extracting  poison.   Ex  ranae 

miiw§  iImu  fii^n,  Zfmt  fuerti  ^rt^luet  rubetet  vitceribus,  id  est,  tingua,  ot^ 

irdertg  tk  ytytfAt^n  IXir/2«f*    Luc.   tn  tieulot  liene,  eorde,  mira fieri  potse  ccnAat, 

Nig.  20.  A.  [Livy  xxx.  30,  2.  £D.]  tunt    enim   plurimis  medieaminUms    re- 

41.  Fir  6oiittf  et  pauper  linguaque  et  ferta  ;    Plin.  FA,  \.  70.  PR.    vi.  658. 
wnu,  quid  tibi  vis,  ifrbem  qui,  563  sqq.  M.  Ov.  M.  xv.  577.  R.  Either 

r,  petui    qui  nee  lino  potet  nee  our  '  toad'  is  not  the  rana  rubeta,  or  it 

tor  kaberi,  nee  pavidot  tritti  voce  has  lost  its  noxious  qualities    in    this 

eitare  reos;    nee  potet  uxorem  cari  cer^  country.    The  compounders  of  poisons 

rumpereamiei,plauderenecCanopUiudere  might  pretend   to  extract  venom  from 

mee  Clapkyro,     Unde  miser  vivest   homo  toads,  in  order  to  conceal  their  secret, 

Jidue,  eertut  amietts.  hoe  nihil  est :  num^  which  more  probably  was  some  v  e  g  e« 

qumm  tie  PhiUmulHS  eris;   Mart.  IV.  v.  table  or  mineral  poison.  G. 
WyaU,in  his  Epistle  to  his  friend  Poynes,        45.  Qua  mittit, '  billeU  doux  and  pre- 

tbat  be  had  this  Satire  before  him :  sents.'  GR. 


46  THE  SATIRES  sat.  hi. 

Quae  mandat,  nonint  alii:  me  nemo  ministro 

Fur  erit  atque  ideo  nuUi  comes  exeo,  tamquam 

Mancus  et  exstinctae  corpus  non  utile  dextrse. 

Quis  nunc  dili^tur,  nisi  conscius  et  cui  fervens 
50  ^stuat  occultis  animus  semperque  tacendis  ? 

Nil  tibi  se  debere  putat,  nil  conferet  umquam, 

Participem  qui  te  secreti  fecit  honesti. 

Cams  erit  Verri,  qui  Verrem  tempore  quo  vult 

Accusare  potest     Tanti  tibi  non  sit  opaci 
55  Omnis  arena  Tagi  quodque  in  mare  volvitur  aurum, 

Ut  somno  careas  ponendaque  prsemia  sumas 

Tristis  et  a  magno  semper  timearis  amico. 
Quae  nunc  divitibus  gens  acceptissima  nostris 

Et  quos  praecipue  fugiam,  properabo  fateri 
60  Nee  pudor  obstabit.     Non  possum  ferre,  Quirites, 

Graccam  Urbem:  quamvis  quota  portio  faecis  Achaei?    ' 

4^.  Qua  mandat,  *  messages.'  GR,         umquam,  commisiumqug  t$gat,   vel  vino 

47.  *  1  will  never  be  an  accessary  to    tortut  et  tra;    Hor.  I  £p.  xviii.  37  aq. 
peculation,  or  lend  myself  as  an  agent  to    FA, 

extortion;   therefore  no  governor,  when  iEstut  terettos   aurgo  frcmget   Togo, 

departing   for  one  of  the  foreign  pro*  obicurug  umbrit  arborum ;  Mart.  I.  1. 

vioces,  would  receive  me  into  his  train.'  15  sq.  PR, 

cf.  63  sq.  55.  Now  '  the  Taio.' J?,  arena  aurum* 

48.  '  A  cripple.'  ex$tinet(t  dextrce  is  que  (Iv  ^sk  )«#?»)  '  golden  sands.' 

a  Grecism  for  exitineta  deatra,     *I  am  65.  Some  confound  p«men</a  with  ptv- 

not  dexterous  enough  in  knavery  to  posita:    (Virg.  ^.  v.  292.  486.)   it  is 

be  made  anyone's  right-hand  man.'  rather  equivalent  to  <f«p<m«n(/a,  especially 

49.  Quisl  t.  e,  nemo,  '  none,  but  the  in  juxta- position  with  tumas',  R,  as  in 
confidant  of  a  guilty  secret*    FA.    vis  Hor.  Ill  Od.  ii.  19.  M.  ii.  66. 

fieri  dives,  Bithynice  ?  eonscius  esto ;  Mart.  57.  '  To  your  sorrow,'  tit  x'^*"*- 

VI.  1.  5.  R,  Cf.  1 13.  i.  33.  M.  vi.  313.  H   ^t^ 

50.  Anhmo  astuante  reditum  ad  vada  Irn  ^»fit  tSp  ^nm/iiutf  rt  «'«4«r4u.  It 
retulit ;  Cat.  a  metaphor  from  the  sea  «'«#«rsii^  yk^  kfrnymn  iTnu  riv  ruwrtw 
*  raging  and  boiling'  under  the  influence  Anst.  Rh.  II.  vi.  2.  See  the  history  of 
of  a  storm:  fervet  vertigine  pontus;  Pausanias in  Thuc.  i.  132  sqq. 

Ov.  M. xi. 549.  Maura  semper  aestuat  59.  T^ec  sequar  aut  fugiam,  qua  dili" 

uuda;   Hor.  II   Od.  vi.  3  sq.     "  The  git  ipse  vel  odit;  Hor.  I  £p.  i.72.  GR, 

wicked  are  like  the  troubled  sea,  when  it  60.  Pudor:  Umbricius  blushed  for  hia 

cannot  rest,  whose  waters  cast  up  mire  country. 


out  their  own  shame;"  St  Jude  13.  Pers.  vi.  38.  K,  Sil.  iii.  178.  xii.  41.  49. 

61.  '  To  be  under  no  obligation.'  M,  69.  Cic.  pro  Flac.    Luc.  Nig.  15.  R. 

Nil  tibi,  velminimum,basia  pura  da-  61.  '  A  Grecian  Rome.  (xv.  1 10.  A.) 

bunt;  Mart.  VI.  I.  6.  R.  Yet  when  I  see  what  a  deluge  of  Asiatics 

53.  Cf.  ii.  26.  PR,    Tac.  A.  vi.   4.  the  Orootes  has  disgorged  into  the  Tiber, 
Amm.  Marc.  XXVIII.  vi.  20.  JR.     See  I  must  own  that  the  fiUh  of  Greece  bears     a 
47.  but  a  small  proportion  to  the  ioundatioo      / 

54.  Arcanum  nequetuscrvtaberisuUius  of  impurity  with  which  we  are  over-     *■ 


jiAT.  III.  OF  JUVENAL.  47 

Jam  pridem  Syrus  in  Tlberim  defluxit  Orontes 
Et  linguam  et  mores  et  cum  tibicine  chordas 
Obliquas  nee  non  gentilia  tympana  secum 
65  Vexit  et  ad  Circum  jussas  prostare  puellas. 
Ite,  quibus  grata  est  picta  lupa  barbara  mitra. 
Rusticus  ille  tuus  sumit  trechedipna,  Quiriney 
Et  ceromadco  fert  niceteria  eollo. 
Hie  alta  Sicyone  ast  hie  Amydone  relicta, 

ilWImed.*  G.  cf.  xiii.  157.    The  dcpra-  ix.  616.     Id,  Cop.  1.    Ov.  M.  xiv.  654. 

▼itj  of  the  Greeks  wc  learn  from  I  Cor.  C'laud.  Eiit.  ii.  185.  R, 

▼i.d — 1 1.  aod  elsewhere  in  the  NewTet-  67.  The  Romans  were  reduced  to  the 

tament.  M.  IXa  rm  thn  U^i^t  mhrUt  (at  level  of  prize-fighters ;   while  foreif^ners 

Rome)  0mmtu9rm.  m  «*•  K.m9r9rt^»*m  *mi  were  worming  themselves  into  every  post 

SMtr*  urn.)  Ti§rrtMtn  jc«j  iXXm  irXuif^n-  of  power  and  profit.  LU,    To  mark  his 

AtA.  i.  36.  BO.  contempt  the  more,  the  poet  crowds  his 

62.  The  inhabitants  of  the  East,  and  description  with  Greek  words.  G.  cf. 
cspedalljr  of  Antioch,  which  was  on  the  Hor.  II  Ep.  i.  32  sq.  R. 

Orontes,  (Jalian.  Misop.    Herodian  II.  Rmiicui)  cf.  ii.  74.  127.  viii.  274  sq. 

▼iL   15.   Hy,)  were   scandalously  de-  Af. 

baoched  in  their  morals,  (viii.  158  sq.)  It  is  not  agreed  what  part  of  the  dress 

and  introduced  quite  new  fashions ;  (vii.  is  meant  by  r^%x'^**^**-     ^^  ^^y  ^  '^^ 

14  aqq.  viii.  198  sqq.)  Mart.  III.  ir.  V.  same  asl»)^«^#,*  a  gymnastic  dress,'  103. 

Ivi.    Suet.  Ves.  19.    For  a  similar  me-  vi.  245.  T.  or  '  the  succinct  vest  of  the 

upbor,  see  vi.  295.    Claud.  Eut.  i.  434.  Greek  wrestlers/  G.  or '  a  suit  of  livery/ 

Isa.  viii.  6—8.  R,  cf.  v.  143.  RC7.  or  '  a  cloak  in  which 

63.  Lnxuria  peregrina  erigo  ub  exer-  they  ran  for  their  supper  or  dole,' 
titM  Aumlieo  invecta  in  urbem  est ;  turn  127  sq.  LU.  PR.  HO,  or  '  Grecian 
jMfllfrttf  tambueistriitqug  et  convivialia  shoes,'  VS,  SA,  HN,  or  the  same  as  fmn- 
Imdumitm  ofdeetamenta  addita  epulis ;  Liv.  «^mi,  i.  e. '  prizes  worn  round  the  neck, 
xzztx.  6.  the  sambueum  was  a  triangular  which  served  as  badges  to  distinguish 
lyre.  The  *  harp  and  6utc'  were  very  such  as  were  entitled  to  partake  of  the 
generally  playea  together ;  cf.  Hor.  £.  suppers  provided  at  the  public  expense.' 
IX.  5  sq.  and  elsewhere.  SP.  JS.  RI.  VO. 

64.  *  National  tambourines."  VS>  Quirinut,  a  surname  of  Romulus,  de« 
Lucr.  ii.  618.  R.  rived  from  euris  a  Sabine  word  signi- 

65.  There  were  teveral  Circuses  at  fyinji^ '  a  spear;'  or  from  Cures,  after  the 
Rome.  The  Circus  Maximus  is  here  admission  of  the  Sabines  into  Rome, 
meant,  which  was  first  built  by  Tarquinius  Mars  was  called  Gradiim$  when  incensed , 
Prisctts,  PR.  and  by  subsequent  alter-  and  Quirinus  when  pacified.  Ov.  F.  ii. 
atiooa  waa  able  to  accommodate  260,000  475  sqq.  PR.  cf.  ii.  128. 
apectators,  KN,  being  more  than  three  68.  Cf.  ii.  143.  ACH,  Ceroma  was  an 
furlongs  in  length,  and  one  broad;  Plin.  ointment  made  of  oil,  wax,  and  clay; 
xszvi.  15t24.  BRT.  See  223.  LU,  (Mart.  VII.  xxxii.  9.  PR.^  Plin. 

•  To  sUnd  for  hire.'  vi.  123.  R.  I  47.  xxviii.  4  s  13.  zxxv.   12  sq.   R.    with 

PueUas,  et  quat  ^phrates  et  quas  tuUii  which   they  besmeared  their  neck  and 

misii  Orontes;  Prop.  II.  xxiii.  21.  R.  breast,  and  that  profusely  ;  for  Seneca, 

66.  '  Hie  thither.'  G.  telling  his  friend  Luciliui  of  a  journey  he 
'  The    barbarian    harlot    with    em-  had  taken,  says, '  the  road<  were  so  bad 

broidered'  (understand   ocit)  '  turban.'  that  he  rather  swam  than  walked,  and. 

These  women  were  termed  lupa  from  before  he  got  to  his  inn,  was  plastered 

tbdr  rapacity ;   and  the  houses  where  over  with  eeroma  like  a  prize-fighter.'  G. 

tbejr  lodged,  luvanaria.     The  Greeks  Mart.  IV.  iv.  10.  xix.  5. 

and  Romans  called  all  foreigners  *  bar-  69.  Cf.  vii.  14  sqq.  Siction,  in  Achaia. 

batians.*  M.   See  note  on  Her.  i.  pr.  was  M  Xifn  I#v^m»*  Strab.  viii.  p.  587 . 

or.  ii.  84.  PR.    Virg.  M.  iv.  216.  R. 


48  THE  SATIRES  sat.  hi. 

70  Hie  Andro,  ille  Samo,  hie  Trallibus  aut  Alabandis, 
E^quilias  dictumque  petunt  a  yimine  coUem, 
Viseera  inagnaruin  domuum  dominique  futuri. 
Ingenium  velox,  audacia  perdita,  sejino 
^  Promptus  et  Isaeo  torrentior.     Ede,  quid  ilium 

75  Esse  putes?  quern  vis  hominem,  seeuin  adtulit  ad  nos: 
Grammaticus,  rhetor,  geometres,  pictor,  aliptes, 
Augur,  schcenobates,  medicus,  magus ;  omnia  novit. 
Grseculus  esuriens  in  eoelum,  jusseris,  ibit 
Ad  summam,  non  Maurus  erat  neque  Sarmata  nee  Thrax, 

80  Qui  sumsit  pennas,  mediis  sed  natus  Athenis. 

Amvdon,    in    Psonia    a    district    of  ako  the  traiDing  of  athletet ;  PiDd.  01. 

Macedon.  Horn.  II.  B  849.  LU,  yiu.  71   sqq.     Or  '  a  bath-man'  who 

70.  id  fidrot  one  of  the  Cyclades.  LU,  anointed  those  that  had  bathed:  cf.  ri. 
Samot  an  island  off  the  coast  of  Ionia,  422.  Or  possibly, '  an  oculist.'  R, 

where  Jano  was  especially  worshipped.  77.  '  An  Angur'  divined  the  future 

LU,  from   the  flight,  the  feeding,  and  the 

Tralla  a  frontier  town  of  Lydia.  PR,  chirping  of  birds :   FA,  '  an  Antspex' 

Alabanda  a  rich  city  of  Csn'a.  LU,  from  the  entrails  of  sacrifices. 

71.  '  The  EsquiUne  and  Viminal  '  A  Rope-dancer'  (from  g-xM§t  and 
Hills,'  two  of  the  seren  on  which  Rome  /3«/»i4tVunam&u/ui;Ter.Hec.pr.4.34.Fi<. 
stood,  are  put  for  the  city  itself.  The  Jn  Perns  augurantur  et  divinant  magi : 
former  is  now  '  the  Mount  of  St  Mary  nee  quisquam  res  Penarum  e$te  potetU  9vt 
the  Greater.'  PR,  It  had  its  name  from  nan  ante  magorutndiseipUnamseieniiamque 
eiculi  *  the  bay-oaks'  which  grew  there :  perceperit ;  Cic  Div.  i.  90.  PA. 

M.  but  cf.  Ov.  F.  iii.  245.  A.  78.  The  diminutive  *  Greeklinp;'  G.  is 

72.  '  The  vital  organs.'  PR.  used  in  contempt,  cf.  61.  R,  Anst.  Rh. 

73.  Ingenium  velox ;  Ov.  M.  viii.  254.    III.  ii.  6. 

R,  Esurient,   Quis  expedivit  puttaco  tuum 

74.  '  Than  that  of  Isaeus.*  R.  There  %ai^*  pieasque  doeuit  nostra  verba  ocman? 
were  two  celebrated  orators  of  this  name :  Magister  artis  ingenique  largitor  venter, 
(])the  preceptor  of  Demosthenes,  who  negatas  art  if  ex  sequi  voces;  Pers.  pr. 
came  to  Athens  from  Chalcis:  Quint.  8  sqq.  FA.  n  truU  iif  rrtidliy  IrcviCyu 
lii.  10.  (2)  An  Assyrian,  who  flourished  ««)  ^rtitXmnifiUnv  t^  »mi  v*!^}  it§3JJt  w^w 
at  Rome  in  Hadrian's  reign :  Plin.  Ep.  ^smftm*  »i;^«»w«y  r^f  Uc^t  Ws^r^fw 
ii.  3.  BRL  Chrys.  Or.  IV.  ad  Ant.  R.  «  Necessity 

'  More  rapidly  fluent'  torrens  dicendi  is  the  mother  of  Invention." 

eopia  et  faeundia ;  x.  9  sq.  128.    Quint.  Ibit  *  he  will  try.'  caelum  ipttim  petimut 

III.  viii.  60.    Plin.  zxvi.  3.    cf.  largus  ttuUitia ;  Hor.  I  Od.  iii.  38.  R, 

et  exundans  ingeniifont;  x.  119.    Hom.  79.  '  In  short.'  LU, 

II.  A  249.     Hor.  IV.  ii.  5  sqq.  R,  Sarmata  ;  ii.  1.  PR. 

<  Tell  me ;'  296.  &c.  Quid ;  cf.  i.  74.  80.  There  is  here  a  double  allusion ; 

zi.  33.     Ov.  Her.  xii.  31.  R.  (0  ^  Ditdalus,  i,  54.  who  was  either 

75.  '  He  is  a  Jack  of  all  trades:  grandson  or  great-grandson,ofErechtheus 
nothing  comes  amiss  to  him  ;  he  is  such  king  of  Athens :  (2)  to  a  man  at  Rome, 
a  universal  genius.'  M,  who  made  an  attempt  to  fly  in  the  reign 

76.  Temt  mensor;  Hor.  I  Od.  zxviii.  of  Nero :  inter  Pjfrrhicarum  argumenta, 
1  sq.  PJR.  geometres  must  be  scanned  as  Icarus  prima  statimconatujuxtacubiculum 
three  syllsbles:  FA,  thus  uno  eodem-  qjus  {Neronis)  deeidit,  ipiumqtte  eruore 
que  igni;  Virg.  E.  viii.  81.  respersit;   Suet.  Ner.  12.  Mart  Sp.  viii. 

*  An  anointer'  of  wrestlers  in  the  gym-  Though  there  is  no  certainty  that  this 
nasium  (from  JiXsipsn) :   FA,  who  had    Utter  was  an  Athenian.  R.  OR, 


SAT.  III.  OF  JUVENAL.  49 

Horum  ego  non  fugiam  conchy lia?    Me  prior  ille 
Signabit?  fultusque  toro  meliore  recumbet 
Advectus  Romam,  quo  pruna  et  cottana  vento  ? 
Usqae  adeo  nihil  est,  quod  nostra  infantia  coelum 

85  Hausit  Aventinum  baca  nutrita  Sabina  ? 

Quid,  quod  adulandi  gens  prudentissima  laudat 
Sermonem  indocti/faciem  deformis  amici, 
£t  longum  invalidi  coUum  cervicibus  sequat 
Herculis,  Antaeum  procul  a  tellure  tenentis? 

90  Miratur  vocem  angustam,  qua  deterius  nee 
Ille  sonat,  quo  mordetur  gallina  marito. 

81.  CoMekiflium,rui.  101 . or mtir«x,  was     sqq.  Plaut.  Amph.  III.  iii.  4  sqq.)  Plut. 
the  shell-fish  from  which  the  purple  dye     discr.  Am.  et  Ad.  R,  LU, 

of  the  aocieDts  wms  obtained.  Flin.  H.  N^.  88.  CoUnm  *  the  throat/  eercix  *  the 

ix.  36.  Tiii.  1 .    It  is  here  put  for  *  the  nape  of  the  neck'  PR.  *  the  neck  and 

purple  robes'  worn  only  by  nobles  and  shoulders.*  M.  Plin.  xiv.  22.  Mart.  XIV^ 

own  of  the  first  distinction.  BRL  PR.  R.  xlviii.  Find.  Isth.  iv.  83  sqo.  It. 

'  Shall  he  take  precedence  of  me  in  '  Pronouoces  equal.*  LIj, 

sigoiDg  marriap-settlements,  wills,  &c.  89.  The    conflict  of   Hercules   with 

as  a  witoea<.'  LU,  Pers.  v.  8 1 .  PR,  Antseus,  son  of  the  Earth,  whose  strength 

82.  EffuUumplumaveraeolore  caput;  was  renovated  by  falling  on  the  bosom 
Prop.  III.  vii.  50.  or  rather  '  on  the  of  his  mother  and  who  was  ultimately 
elbo  w.'  J?.  The  middle  couch  was  the  crushed  by  being  held  on  high  in  the 
*  more  hoooarable  one.'  GR,  Hor.  II  S.  arms  of  his  antagonist,  is  described,  Luc. 
▼iii.  20  sqq.  M.  cf.  St  Luke  xiv.  7.  iv.  519  sqq.  LU,  Apollod.  II.  v.  11.  R. 

83.  '  Imported  from   Syria.'   LU.  i.  90.  *  He  professes  to  admire.'  LU. 

III.  M.  mistus  Phariis  venalit  mer-  *  Shrill  and  grating,' which  is  a  great 
cibu»  infa»s  ;  Stat.  II  S.  i.  73.  R,  imperfection  in  a  speaker;  Quint,  xi.  3. 

'The  plums  of  Damascus*  were  fa-  P  R.  vocis  acuta  moUitie» ;  Claud.  Eut.  i. 

mova.  Lu.  They  are  mentioned  in  con-  340  sq.  R, 

junction  with  cottana;  Plin.  H.  N.  xiii.  91.  As  the  text  stands,  the  construction 

5.  XT.  13.  Mart.  XIII.  xxviii  sq.  PR.  h  ilU  (tnaritus)umatt  (a)  qtto  marito g.m. 

IV.  liit.  7.  Stat.  IV  S.  iz.  28.  A.  Hence  There  are  instances  of  an  ablative  of 
tmr  word  oamsohs,  originally  written  the  agent  without  a  preposition.  CO,  on 
DiiMAscEKEs.  Sail.  B.  J.  15.  21.  O,  and  RK,  on  Suet. 

Syria  peeuHartihabet  arbores  in  fieo'  Cmi.  19.  HK.  Various  alterations  how- 
rum  ^«ii«r«:  earieas,  et  mitiores  ^us  gene-  ever  have  been  proposed;  (1)  cui  for 
rit  qu€t  cottana  vocant;  Plin.  xiii.  5.  a  quo  z.%  illif  scripta  quibus  comatdia 
Mart.  IV.  Isxxix.  6.  PR.  prisca  viris  ett ;  Hor.  1  S.  x.  16.  Sil.  i. 

85.  Hausit eattum;  Vir|.  JE.  x.  899. R.  208  sq.  R,    (2)  Either  deterior  ,  . .  . 
'  The  A ventine/ one  01  the  seven  hills,  sonus,  quo  (^tono)  .  ..  ;  (3)  or  iUa 

is  now  the  Moaot  of  St  Sabina.  PR.  {vox)  .  .  .^qud  .. .  .  BRE.  (4)  Either 

'The  Sabine  berry'  is    opposed    to  ilia  ...,  quum  ..,;  {5)  or  ilia  (gal- 

'  the  Syrian  prunes.'    The  Sabme  lands  Una)  ,..,  quae  ...  .  CL.  J  A.   ACH. 

aboQoded  in  *  olives.'  (Virg.  JE,  vii.  711.  In  all  these  marito  is  the  dative.     The 

Sil.  di.  596.  Mart.lV.iy.lO./l.)  which  are  latter  part  of  the  line  is  merely  a  peri- 

bere  put  for  the  fruits  of  Italy  in  general:  phrasis  for  gallus,   as  olentis  uxores 

the  species  for  the  genus.   BRL  FA,  mariti;  Hor.  I  Od.  xyii.  7.  for  capelU: 

86.  For  other  descriptions  of  such  fiat-  cf.  Virg.  E.  vii.  7.  in  imitation  of  rSt 
terers,  see  Hor.  A.  P.  428  sqq.  Theoph.  «iy«f  mvn^'  Theoc.  viii.  49.  PR,  Vox 
Ch.  ii.  Ter.  Eun.  II.  ii.  III.  i.  Amm.  ultra  vires  urgenda  non  est:  nam  et  suffo' 
Ep.  xzT.  (cf.  100  sqq.  Ot.  A.  A.  ii.  200  cata  tape  et  majore  nisu  minus clara  est,  et 

H 


50 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  Ilf, 


Haec  eadem  licet  et  nobis  laudare :  sed  illis 

Creditur.     An  melior,  quum  Thaida  sustinet,  aut  quum 

Uxorem  comoedus  agit  vel  Dorida  nullo 

95  Cultam  palliolo?     Mulier  nempe  ipsa  videtur, 
Non  persona  loqui:  vacua  et  plana  omnia  dicas 
Infra  ventriculum  et  tenui  distantia  rima.  J 

Nee  tamen  Antiochus  nee  erit  mirabilis  illic 
Aut  Stratocles  aut  cum  molli  Demetrius  Haemo. 

100  Natio  comoeda  est.     Rides?  meliore  cachinno 
Concutitur:  flet,  si  lacrumas  conspexit  amici, 
Nee  dolet:  igniculum  brumae  si  tempore  poscas, 
Accipit  endromiden:  si  dixeris  "  ^stuo,"  sudat. 
Non  sumus  ergo  pares:  melior,  qui  semper  et  omni 

105  Nocte  dieque  potest  alienum  sumere  vultum, 
A  facie  jactare  manus,  laudare  paratus, 


interim  elisa  in  ilium  sonum  erumpit,  cut 
Gr<Bci  HXtiyfAof  nomen  a  gallarum  immu' 
tuTO  cantu  dcderunt ;  Quint,  xi.  3.  LU. 

92.  With  illis  understand  tanium.  R, 
cf.  Suet.  Ner.  22.  PR, 

93.  '  Is  a  better  actor  to  be  found 
than  the  G  reek  r 

Tkaii  was  a  common  name  in  comedy 
for  a  courtezan.  PR. 

Sustinere  '  to  sustain  the  part  of/ 
synonymous  with  agere  *  to  act.*  5f. 

94.  Comardus  was  the  actor,  comicus 
the  w  r  i  t  e  r  of  comedy.  LU, 

Doris,  the  daughter  of  Oceanus  and 
Tethys,  was  the  mother  of  Thetis  and 
other  sea-nymphs  by  Nereus.  LU.  PR. 
HG.  Or '  a  Doric  girl.'  The  Spartan  girls 
were  scantily  and  thinly  clad;  whence 
iatfim^up  for  tra^a^atfUf  »a)  Tit^myufiftivf 
^•Xv  rov  evft.tir»t'  Kust.  Hesycb.  R, 

95.  *  A  short  mantle  and  hood/  or- 
dinarily worn  by  this  class  of  females. 
Mart.  IX.  xxxiii.  I.  XL  xxvii.  8.  cf.  Ov. 
A.  A.  i.  734.  Suet.  Claud.  2.  R. 

96.  Periona  t^Uvrtf  *  a  mask/  hence 
*  a  fictitious  character/  R. 

97.  '  You  would  swear  it  was  a 
woman,  every  inch  of  her.' 

98.  Antiochus,  Stratt)cUs,  Demetrius, 
and  IIiBmus  were  celebrated  actors  of  the 
day.  Quint,  xi.  S.  LU. 

Illic  *  in  their  own  country/  PR, 

99.  Called  *  soft'  perhaps  from  per- 
sonating females,  vi.  198.  LU. 

100.  'A  horse-laugh.'  M.  ru  fAf  iyi- 


Xai,  lyv  V  iliiftifK^f  yiktrr  Plut.  Am.ct 
Ad.  LU.  eiiM^»*Tt  ^v)^0Sf  WtyiXdrm, 
r«  ri  t/umrtof  if  at  its  tc  evfut,  ttg  in  »9 
iufeifAtff  tiar»9}QUf  rh  yiX.tr»'  Theoph. 
Ch.  ii.  ri%u  tremulo  eoncuisa  eachinnent 
{corpora)  et  lacr units  salsis  humectent  ora 
genasque  ,  Lucr.  i.  918  sq.  R, 

102.  'And  yet  grieves  oot  in  reality.'  R» 
Fen.  vi.  1.  PR. 

103.  '  A  great  coat/  used  in  winter 
after  gymnastic  exercises  to  prevent  catch- 
ing cold,  vi.  246.  Mart.  IV.  xix.  XIV. 
cxxvi.  PR.  The  ifi^»fiiitg  of  the  G  reeks 
were  shoes.  R.  cf.  67. 

jEstuOf  i.  71.  Such  is  Osric's  character: 
"  Ham.  Your" bonnet  to  his  right  ase ; 
'tis  for  the  head.  Osr.  I  thank  your 
lordship,  'tis  very  hot  Ham.  No,  believe 
me,  'tis  very  cold ;  the  wind  is  northerly. 
Osr.  It  is  indifferent  cold,  my  lord, 
indeed.  Ham.  But  yet,  methinks  it  is 
very  sultry  and  hot;  or  my  complexion— 
Osr.  Exceedingly^  my  lord;  it  is  very 
sultry, — as  'twere, — I  cannot  tell  how— >" 
Shakspeare  Ham.  V.  ii.  Af. 

104.  '  A  match.'  M. 

'  He  has  the  best  of  it.' 

106.  iv.  118.  Mart.  X.  x.  10.  Tac.  H. 
i.  36.  Plin.  xxviii.  2.  R,  This  exactly 
coincides  with  what  we  call  kissing  the 
hand  tu  any  one ;  as  is  very  frequently 
done  when  persons  see  each  other  at  a 
distance,  or  are  passing  in  carriages ; 
which  is  looked  upon  as  a  token  of 
friendly  courtesy.    This  custom  is  men- 


SAT.  III.  OF  JUVENAL.  51 

Si  bene  ructavit,  si  rectum  minxit  amicus, 

St  tniUa  inverso  crepitum  dedit  aurea  fundo. 

Prseterea  sanctum  nihil  est  et  ab  inguine  tutum ; 
110  Non  matrona  laris,  non  filia  virgo,  neque  ipse 

Sponsus  leyis  adhuc,  non  filius  ante  pudicus. 

Honim  si  nihil  est,  aviam  resupinat  amici. 

Scire  volunt  secreta  domus  atque  inde  timeri. 
Et  quoniam  coepit  Grfficorum  mentio,  transi 
115  Gymnasia  atque  audi  facinus  majoris  abollae.     '    .\  >  / 

Stoicus  occidit  Baream,  delator  amicum, 

Discipulumque  senex,  ripa  nutritus  in  ilia, 


tioned  is  an  action  of  religious  worship  111.   '  The  smooth-faced  youth   be- 

?aid  by  idolaters  to  the  host  of  heaven  ;  trothed  to  the  maiden  daughter/  LU, 

ob  zzxi.  27.  3f.  Ante  *  heretofore.'  LU. 

Paroftu*wont;' vi.  16.  207.  iz.  7.  49.  112.  *  He  assails  the  grandmother:' 

zii.  106.  ziii.  108.  R.  age  affords  no  protection.  VS.   vi.  126. 

107.  Rectum  for  reete.  FA.  viii.  176.   R. 

108.  This  may  refer  to  the  vulgar  113.  *  By  these  intrigues  they  endea- 
tmack  of  the  lips,  caused  by  draining  the  vour  to  become  possessed  of  family  secrets.' 
very  last  drop  from  the  golden  cup  turned  R.  49  sqq.  LU.  There  is  an  Italian  pro- 
bottom  upwards  and  ori6ce  downwards,  verb  upon  this  subject,  "  Servo  d*  attnti 
7.  Hw.  IIS.  ill.  144.  Mart.  IX.  xcvii.  I.  ii /ot  Chi  dice  il  suo  secreto  a  chi  no'l 
Or  to  dashing  the  liquor,  left  in  the  bot-  $a,**  FA. 

torn  of  the  cup,  on  the  floor;  from  which  114.  '  Pass  on  to  their  schools  of  phi- 
practice  arose  the  amusement  of  a  person's  losophy.'  LU. 

toanng  it  into  brazen  saucers,  to  find  by  115.  Mq;or' more  ample*  or'  dignified,' 

the  sound  how  much  bis  sweetheart  loved  as  that  of  the  Stoics.  FE. 

him.  A.  PR.  Or  it  may  mean  '  a  golden  AboUa  was  a  cloak  worn  by  philoso- 

stool-pan/  such  as  was  used  by  luxuri-  phers,  VS.   military  men,  senators,  and 

oos    Romans.    Mart   I.  zxzvui.     This  princes,  iv.  76.  Suet.  Cal.  35.  PR.     It 

though  it  yields  an  indelicate  sense  is  here  means  the  philosopher  himself.  M. 

more  in  unison  with  the  preceding  line,  116.   P.  Egnatius  Celer  was  bribed  to 

and  also  with  a  similar  passage  of  Diodor.  give  the  false  evidence  upon  which  Bareas 

Stnop.  tif  7m^f  T«f  *H>«iiXi«  fufMVfUfii  Soratmn,  an  exemplary  man,  was  capitally 

'rmw  iivJI^f  rnig^  wm^cir^vt  IXo/aum  r^i  convicted  under  Nero.  cf.  i.  33.  vi.  552. 

ftfv.  wmfuAXemr  olx^  ^'^  ;^a#«i^r«r«tv  Tac.  A.  xvi.  21  sqq.  particularly  32.  H. 

ImXtyifUMt,  reitf  h  tuXmuivuf  «(ryc/cSy«w  iv.  10.  40.   LU.  II. 

mmi  wm9r   Iwmnasr'  elt  \ru^  ^^•^ifytt,  Occidit,  l/«»«r«r^t.  sec  37.  vi.  481.  483 

fmfmnim  nmi  wmir^h  f/X$v(0f  Kurm^myif,  S(j.  so  metit  and  depimit;  186.  piguerat ; 

1m  mmi  fif  Ipm^mv  mvrn  fi^imi*ifMi    Ur  t  vii.  73.  vendit ;  vii.  135.  punire  ;  xvi.  13. 

iLm^Tfmjif  fu^d  Ttft  »mrm»ti/At9«f,  r§vrf  dumnare*  to  obtain  a  person's  condemna- 

9Aefmym»rhp9mhiifmbTif^0A^mt,"  ri4n  tion;'  Tac.  A.  iii.  36.  iv.  66.  Suet.  Tib. 

««  imfJmtm  «wr«  Xmfifidnn  C  Ath.  vi.  9.  8.  R. 

he.  R.     Or  '  the  golden  flagon'  may  be  117.  Tarsus  a  city  of  Cilicia,  on  the 

pot  metapboricmUy  for  '  the  rich  man's  banks  of  the  Cydnus,  fabled  to  be  so 

pumch.'  BRL  lliere  is  a  beautiful  and  named  after  rmf^ig  *  a  heel,   hoof,  or 

velUknowo   metaphor  of  this  kind  in  wing,'  because   either   Bellerophon    or 

Eecles.  ziL  6.  Pegasus  lost  some  feathirs  from  the  heel ; 

109.  '  Safe  from  their  lust.'  LU.  but  the  story  is  variously  told.  VS.  LU. 

110.  Mmtrmsa  larit  i.  f.  materfamilias.  Or  '  Corinth.'  GR.  CAS.  Or  '  Crete' 
LI7.  l*he  Isrss  were  '  the  household  according  to  others.  Dio  makes  Egnatius 
|ods.'  PR.  a  native  of  Rerytus  in  Phoenicia.  R. 


52 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  III. 


Ad  quam  Gorgonei  delapsa  est  pinna  caballL 
Non  est  Romano  cuiquam  locus  hie,  ubi  regnat 

120  Protogeues  aliquis  vel  Diphilus  aut  Erimarchus, 
Qui  gentis  vitio  nmnquam  partitur  amicum, 
Solus  habet.     Nam  quum  facilem  stillavit  in  aurem 
Exiguum  de  naturae  patriaeque  veneno, 
Limine  submoveor :  perierunt  tempera  longi 

]25  Servitii.     Nusquam  minor  est  jactura  clientis. 
Quod  porro  ofBcium,  ne  nobis  blandiar,  aut  quod 
S       aAJL  »        Pauperis  hie  meritum,  si  curet  nocte  togatus 

Currere,  quum  Pragtor  lictorem  impellat  et  ire 
Prsecipitem  jubeat  dudum  vigilantibus  orbis, 


118.  Gorgonei  pinna  cahalli  may  bti 
merely  a  periphrasis  for  Pegasus  called 
'  Gorgonian*  as  sprung  from  the  blood  of 
Bledusa  when  slain  by  Perseus :  Ov.  M. 
iv.  785.  and  delapui  est  may  mean  dew- 
lavit,  Pegasus  alighted  on  Mount  Heli- 
con in  Bocotia,  where  the  fountain  of 
Hippocrene  (fons  caballinus'f  Pers.  pr.  1.) 
sprang  from  the  stroke  of  his  hoof.  In  this 
case  Thebes,  on  the  Ismenus,  would  be 
the  Stoic's  birth-place.  BRI,  R.  Superat 
delapsa  per  auras  PalUu  adest ;  Ov.  M. 
iii.  101  sq. 

Penna  is  the  name  for  *  a  feather*  in 
general,  and  includes  pinna  '  quills/ 
*  pinion  feathers/  and  pluma  *  soft  downy 
plumage.'  LU, 

CalZUtu  *  a  hack/  G.  properly,  *  a 
packhorse,'  but  used  for  '  a  hoise'  gene- 
rally, z.  60.  R.  Even  the  steed  does 
not  escape  from  the  antipathy  felt  by  our 
author  to  all  that  was  Grecian.  CAS, 

119.  Cf.21sq.   R. 

120.  Protogenes  was  a  heartless  in- 
former under  Caligula.  M.  Dio  lix.  R. 

Diphilus  a  minion  of  Domitian.  M. 
Of  Erimarchus  nothing  is  known.    All 
three  names  may  be  fictitious.  ST, 

122.  Habere  *  to  possess  one's  affec- 
Hons;'  Virg.  E.  i.  31.  iu.  107.  Cic.  ad 
Div.  ix.  16.  R. 

Facilis  auris  \  v.  107.  R. 
Instillare  aitriculis;    Hor.  I  £p.  viii. 
16.  cf.  Ov.  Her.  iii.  23.  R. 

123.  It  is  possible  that  Erimarchus 
might  have  beio  an  African.  ToUite 
Masstilasfraudes :  renwrete  bilingues  imi- 
dias  et  verba  soli  spiran  tia  virus; 
Claud.  B.  G.  284  sq.  II,  This  meta- 
phor is  illustrated  by  the  following  pas- 


sage ;  "  Upon  my  secure  hour  thy  uncle 
stole.  With  juice  of  cursed  bebenon  in  a 
vial,  And  in  the  porches  of  mine  ears 
did  pour  The  leperous  distilment;"  Shak- 
speare  Ham.  I.  v. 

124.  Limine  cf.  i.  96.  R. 

125.  The  loss  is  so  soon  supplied.  PR* 
jactura  is  properly '  the  throwing  of  goods 
overboard  in  a  storm.'  M.  de  iliis  potis- 
simum  jactura  fit  t  quia  pretu  minimi  sunt ; 
Sail.  Or.  ii.  ad  Cirs.  m.  jactura  servuU 
vilis ;  Cic.  Off.  iii.  23. 

126.  Cf.  i.  95  sqq.  100  sqq.  offieium ; 
ii.  132.  R. 

Ne  iwbis  blandiar  *  to  tell  the  truth.'  R. 

127.  Cum  tu,  laurigeris  annum  qui  fat' 
cihus  intras,  mane  salutator  limina  miUe 
teras;  hie  ego  quid  f Miami  quid  nobis, 
Paulle,  relinquiSf  qiu  de  plebe  Numa,  dnt- 
saque  turba  sumusJ  quid  faciei  pauper, 
cui  non  licet  esse  clientiJ  dimisit  nostras 
purpura  vestra  togas;  Mart. X. z.  G« 
Mane  vel  a  media  nocte  togatus  ero; 
Mart.  X.lxxxii.  2.  LU.  i.  127  sqq.  exigis 
a  nobis  (qteram  sine  fine  togatami  Mart. 
111.  xlvi.  1.  PR,  II.  xviii.  111.  vii. 
zzxvi.  IV.  viii.  X.  Ixxiv.  '  The  poor 
client'  here  may  be  a  retainer  of  the 
prfttor.  R. 

128.  Cf.  i.  101.  PR.  The  pretor  had 
six  lictors,  the  consul  twelve.  LL  These 
lictors,  on  ordinary  occasions, marched  at 
a  slow  pace.  M. 

129.  Orba  *  widows  without  children/ - 
viz.  Albina  and  Modia ;  vigilantes  '  up 
and  dressed.'  LU,  "  The  childless  ma- 
trons are  long  since  awake."  D,  Or '  the 
orphans  having  been  waiting  in  vain  for 
the  prKlor  to  appoint  their  guardian.' 


SAT.  III.  OF  JUVENAL.  53 

130  Ne  prior  Albinam  et  M odiam  collega  salutet  ? 
Divitis  hie  servi  claudit  latus  ingenuorum 
Fllius:  alter  enitn,  quantum  in  legione  Tribuai 
Accipiunt,  donat  Calvinae  vel  Catienae, 
Ut  semel  atque  iterum  super  illam  palpitet :  at  tu, 

135  Quum  tibi  vestiti  facies  scorti  placet,  haeres 
£t  dubitas  alta  Chionen  deducere  sella. 
Da  testem  Romae  tain  sanctum,  quam  fuit  hospes 
Numinis  Idaei :  procedat  vel  Numa  vel  qui 
Servavit  trepidam  flagranti  ex  sede  Minervam : 

130.  '  Should  be  before-band  in  pay*  Chione  was  another  well-koowo  cour- 
inghU  respects;' which,  being  the  greater  tezan.  Mart.  I.  xxzv.  zzxyi.  zciii.  III. 
compliment  and  the  greater  proof  of  xzz.  xzxiv.  Izzziii.  Ixxxvii.  zcvii.  XI. 
fnentdship,  LU,  would  be  likely  to  sup-  Izi-  &c.  PR,  M.  R. 

plant  leM  attentive  rivals  in  the  wills  of  137.  Da '  produce'  was  a  forensic  term, 

these  rich  dowagers,  cf.i.  117.  PR.  The  R. 

two  prstors  here  meant  are  probably  the  The  Sibylline  books  being  consulted 

Urbauus    who   judged   causes   between  (A.  U.  548.)  for  the  proper  expiation 

citizens,  and  the  Peregrinut  who  was  the  of  many  alarming  prodigies,  it  was  found 

judge  in  causes  between  foreigners.  Af.  that  the  evils  might  be  averted  bv  bring- 

131.  Hit  'at  Rome;'  160.180.232.  iog  Cybelc  from  Phrygia.  The  five 
Ctauder$  Imtus  is  '  to  walk  on  the  left  side  deputies  who  were  sent  to  fetch  this  pro- 
of a  person  and  give  him  the  wall.*  FE.  tectress  (a  rude  and  shapeless  stone)  from 
Hor.  il  $.  V.  18.  PR,  cf.  Mart.  II.  xlvi.  Pessinus,  were  directed  by  the  oracle  to 
8.  VI.  Ixviii.  4.  R,  [Livy  zxiv,  5, 9.  £D.]  place  her  at  their  return  in  the  hands  of 

132.  '  The  pay  of  a  military  tribune,'  the  most  virtuous  man  in  the  common- 
forty-eight  pieces  of  gold,  put  for  an  wealth,  till  her  temple  should  be  pre- 
indefinitely  large  sum.  The  foot-soldier  pared.  The  senate  unanimously  de- 
received  twelve  pieces,  the  centurion  clared  P.  Corn.  Scipio  Nasica  to  be  the 
double,  the  horse-soldier  treble,  and  the  man  ;  and  with  him  the  goddess  was 
tiibane  quadruple.  LI.  GRO.  The  Ro-  lodged.  G.  VS.  Liv.  xxix.  10.  PR,  and 
man  aimy  first  received  pay  A.  U.  347.  14.  xxxv.  10.  Plin.  vii.  34.  Thus  the 
Liv.  iv.  PR,  ark  was  received  into  the  houses  of  Abi- 

133.  Junta  Calvina  and  Catiena  were  nadab  and  Obed-Edom  ;  1  Sam.  vii.  1. 
odebraled  conrterans.     The  former  is  2  Sam.  vi.  10  saq.  /?. 

Deationed,  Suet.  Vesp.  GR,    Tac.  A.         138.  Cybele  is  called   H<sa  parens  ; 

xii.  4.  8.  (LI.)  R.  Virg.  iE.  x.  252 sqq.  Ov.  F.  iv.  182.  LU. 

134.  '  To  enjoy  her  once  or  twice :  This  Ida  was  in  Phrygia,  there  was  an- 
whereas  thou,*  t.  e.  Juvenal.  M,  other  in  Crete,  ibid,  207.  PR, 

135.  '  Well  dressed.'  BRL  Or  'clad  Numa  Pompilius,second  king  of  Rome, 
in  the  toga;^  see  i.  96.  ii.  70.  FE,  Or  the  chief  founoer  of  their  religion.  FA.  12. 
*  ordinary,'  and    therefore   *  thoroughly  Liv.  i.  18.  PA. 

dressed'  ^  having  no  beauty  to  show.  cf.  139.  L.  Cscilius  Metellus,  chief  pon- 

Hor.  I  S.  iL  83  sqq.  Mart.  III.  iii.  PR,  tiff,  (who  had  been  consul  twice,  dicta- 

Httrere  *  to  hesitate.'  VS,  tor,  &c.)  '  saved  the  palladium  from  the 

136.  These  females  used  to  sit  in  *  high  temple  of  Vesta  when  in  flames,'  but  Ion 
chairs'  in  order  to  be  seen  the  better  by  his  eye-sigbt  in  consequence.  VS.  vi.  265. 
those  who  were  looking  after  them.  cf.  R.  The  people  conferred  on  him  the 
Sen.  Ben.  i.  9.  Plant.  Poen.  I.  ii.  54  sqq.  singular  privilege  of  riding  to  the  senate- 
Hor.  I  S.  ii.  101  sqq.  Hence  are  derived  house  in  a  chariot.  Plin.  vii.  43.  PR. 
the  terms  tellariut,  selluUtriuSf  MeUarioLt  The  epithet  trepida  is  here  applied  to 
f^pinm  and  teUaria ;  Tac.  A.  vi.  1 .  Mart.  Minerva:  which  would  more  properly 
V.  Izxi.  3.  Suet.  Tib.  43.  VS.  FE,  belong  to  the  Romans;  heu  quantum 


64  THE  SATIRES  sat.  hi. 

140  Protenus  ad  censum,  (de  inoribus  ultima  fiet 

Qusestio,)  ^^  Quot  pascit  servos  ?  Quot  possidet  agri 
Jugera?  Quam  multa  magnaque  paropside  coenat?*' 
Quantum  quisque  sua  numorum  servat  in  area, 
Tantum  habet  at  fidei.     Jures  licet  et  Samothracum 

145  Et  nostratum  aras ;  contemnere  fulmina  pauper 
Creiditur  atque  Deos,  Dis  ignoscentibus  ipsis. 
Quid,  quod  materiam  prsebet  causasque  jocorum 
Omnibus  hie  idem,  si  fcsda  et  scissa  lacema, 
Si  toga  sordidula  est  et  rupta  calceus  alter 

150  Pelle  patet;  vel  si  consuto  vulnere  crassum 

Atque  recens  linum  ostendit  non  una  cicatrix  ?  / 

Nil  habet  infelix  paupertas  durius  in  se,      ttt.  V/   •  #^  '  ^ 

txmuert  patres,  quo  tempore  Vesta  arsit !  Minerra.  LU.  Virg.  X.,  iii.  13.  PR,  tec 

attonita  fiebant  dtmisto  crine  minisirof :  Cumberland,  Orig.  app.  de  Cabb.  G. 
abttuUrat  virei  corporis  ipse  timer,    (Ves-         145.  *'  To  swear  by  the  altars/  t«  e, 

tales  Metellus)  dubitare  vidHtat  et  pavidas  *  laying  your  hands  on  the  altars,  and 

posilo  procubuisse  genu  ;   Ov.  F.  ti.  437.  si^earing  by  the  deities  to  whom  the  altars 

£cc.  G.  were  consecrated.*  GR.  Hor.  II  £p.  i. 

140.  Qu^renda  pecunia  primum  est,  16.  M.  xiv.  219.  Tib.  IV.  ziii.  15.  Sil. 
virtus  post  numos;  Hor.  I  £p.  i.  53  sq.  viii.  105.  R.  St  Matthew  xziii.  18  sqq. 
R.  Thus  they  quite  reversed  the  order  of  '  To  despise/  as  if  the  poor  were  be- 
things,  for  sit  amne  Judicium,  non  quam  neath  the  notice  of  the  gods.  BA,  of. 
loeupUs,  sed  qualis  quisque  sit ;  Cic.  Off.  Hor.  II  Od.x.  11  sq.  Or  as  if  the  deities 
ii.  20.  GR.  would  forgive  perjury,  when  it  originated 

141.  A  person *s  fortune  is  estimated  in  necessity  and  not  in  wilfulness.  VS, 
b^  the  establishment  '  he  keeps.'   LU,         146.    The    sentiment  in  these   lines 
viL  76.  93.  iz.  67. 136.  zii.  28.  R,  seems  borrowed  from  a  Greek  comedy  ; 

142.  Jugerum  was  as  much  land  as  v^^irrif  i^«  »«}  rSf  rirnr*  Ji^irrU'  »2v 
could  be  ploughed  in  a  day  by  one  yoke  r«^f  dv'tifxV'  *^*  ^^yV  **  rv^^i^M.  )«sir 
of  oxen.  LU»  ts  p^AtUf  nrett  &n$v$v^n  »m»mt,  rSh  yhs 

UmM^)t  «  a  dish.'  T,     '  What  sort  of  wtt^rmf  ^Urn  ton  txu  Uyf    M^   H 

table  he  keeps.'  PA.  TXaprSf,  »Af  itykn    ^stt^nyeA^  IfsiT  rt 

143.  Quia  tanti,  quantum  habetu,  sis  ;  f^tieuf  rus  itHstUtw*  ir^cXif  rhil.  fr.G. 
Hor.  I  S.  i.  62.  in  pretio  pretium  nunc  147.  See  86.  **  Men  of  all  sorts  take 
ast,  dat  census  honores,  census  amicitias,  a  pride  to  gird  at  him  /'  as  Falstaff  saytf ; 
pauper  ubique  jacet ;   Ov.  F.  i.  217  sq.  K.  H.  iv.  pt.  ii.  A.  I.  sc.  ii. 

LU,  aurum  atque  ambitio  specimen  virtu-  148.  Hie  idem  pauper,  LU,  cf.Theopb. 

tis  utrique  est,  tantum  habeas,  tantum  ipse  Ch.  zix.  3.  Sen.  Ep.  93.  Suet.  Aug.  73. 

Mies,  tantique  habearis ;  Lucil.  VS, "  Men's  R, 

honesties/'  says  Barnaby   Rich,  *'  are  Lacema  ;  i.  62.  PR. 

now  measured  by  the  Subsidie  Book ;  he  149.  '  Somewhat  shabby  and  soiled.' 

that  is  rich  is  honest ;  and  the  more  a  PR,  Cf.  Hor.  I  S.  iii.  31  sq.  Mart.  I.  civ. 

man  doth  abounde  in  wealth,  so  much  he  5  so.  R, 

doth  exceed,  and  that  as  well  in  honestie  dakeus\  vii.  192.  R, 

at  in  wit  /'  Irish  Hubbub.  G.  150.  Vulnus  •  a  rent  /  V.  FIac.i.480.  R. 

144.  The  Thracian  Samos  at  the  north  151.  Cicatrix  *  a  seam/  LU. 

of  the  JEgtAn  is  ifow  called  *  Samandra-  152.  Paupertas  fecit,  ut  ridiculusforem; 

chi.*    The  Roman  penates  came  oriei-  Plant.  Sticb.  I.  iii.  20  &c.  huic  quantum 

nally  from  this  island.     Macrobius  iii.  adjiciuntstuUitiam,negligentiam,simnium, 

4.  says,  *  the  Samothracian  gods*  (called  etgulam ;  Id,  Quer.  magnum  pauperies  op- 

Cabiri)  were  Jupiter,  Juno,  Vetta,  and  probrium  jubet  quidvisfieere  et  piti  i  Hor. 


SAT.  III.  OF  JUVENAL.  5$ 

Quam  quod  ridiculos  homines  facit.     **  Exeat,''  inquit, 

**  Si  pudor  est,  et  de  pulvino  surgat  equestri, 
155  Cujus  res  legi  non  sufficit  et  sedeant  hie'' — 

Lenonum  pueri  quocumque  in  fornice  nati. 

Hie  plaudat  nitidi  praeconis  filius  inter 

Pinni^api  cultos  juvenes  juvenesque  lanistse. 

Sic  libitum  vano^  qui  nos  distinxit,  Othoni. 
160  Qms  gener  hie  placuit  censu  minor  atque  puellas 

Sarcinulis  impar?    Quis  pauper  scribitur  heres? 

Quando  in  consilio  est  iEdilibus  ?    Agmine  facto 

Debuerant  olim  tenues  migrasse  Quirites. 

Haud  facile  emergunt,  quorum  virtutibus  obstat 

-III  Od.  xxiv.  42  sq.  LU.  xi.  2  sq.  ▼.  157  plaudits  od  their  entrance.  Hor.  I  Od. 

■q.  Mm  ivri  wtwt  •«}kf  UXMtT%^  h  ry  /3/y  XX.  3  sq.  L C7.  A. 

nftm^mftm-  jmJ  ym^  Hv  fvm  nr«i4«7«f  ft,  Plaudat  implies  tpeetet,  PR. 

viwmt  )l  Mmr^Xmt  t0y'  Crat  in  Stob.  Nitidus    and    euUus  *  sleek,  spruce. 

See  the  Comm.  on  St  Matthew  v.  3.  R,  smart,'  the    consequence   of   opulence. 

153.  Quid  turpiui  quam  Uludit    Cic.  M.  R, 

Am.  PA.  158.  The  Samnite  gladiator  wore  a 

They  used  to  sit  promiscuously  in  the  crest  of  peacock's  feathers,  his  adversary 

theatres,  till  L.  Roscius  Otho,  the  tri-  the  retiarius  endeavoured  to  throw  his  net 

bone,  introduced  a  law.  (A.  U.  685.)  over  the  plume.  T.  LI,     Cum  septem  tn- 

by  which  the  fourteen  rows  with  cushions,  column  pinnit  redit  ae  recipit  u ;  Lucil. 

next  to  the  senators'  seats,  were  reserved  VS,  cf.  ii.  143.  PR, 

kx  knights  exclusivelv.     The  elder  Afri-  Lanuta  was  '  the  fencing-master'  who 

canns  had  obtained  the  like  piivilege  for  taught  the  gladiators  laniare  *  to  mangle' 

the  senators,  about   130  years  before,  each  other.  PA. 

Both  these  relations  were  extremely  159. '  Such  was  the  whim  and  caprice.' 

mnpopalar ;  and  the  distinction  was  grow-  M. 

iag  omoleie,  when  Domitian  revived  it,  160.  '  Of  less  fortune  than  the  bride.' 

aiM  appointed  overseers  of  the  theatres  to  Themistocles  showed  more  sense,  saying 

enforce  it.  Soet.  Dom.  8.    Lectins,  one  that  he  preferred,  for  his  daughter,  a  man 

of  these  functiooaries,  was  very  officious ;  without  money  to  money  without  a  man. 

perhaps  he  may  be  the  speaker  here.  (x.  Plut.  LU, 

291.  A.)  cf.  Mart.  V.  viii.  xxv.  LU.  161.  *  To  the  dowry ;'  VS,  rather  •  I* 

PA.  G.  xxvii#  [Her.  i,  54  n.  84.  £D.]  trousseau,*  ACH,  *  the  wardrobe  or  outfit 

154.  '  Any  respect  for  the  prince  or  of  the  bride.' 

the   Roacian  law.'   PA.    cf.  xiv.  323        Quti?  nemo.  Lf/.  160.  208.  &c.  [Livy 

sqq.  A.  xxiv.  26,  3.  ED.] 

155.  Cf.  L  106.  162.  Curia  pauperibus  clausa  est,  dat 
Et  sedeant  hie — the    theatre-keeper's  census  honores',   Ov.  Am.  III.  viii.  55. 

ipeech  is  taken  op  by  Umbritius  and  '  Even  the  lowest  magistrates  would  never 

oootioaed  with  indignant  iron^.  LU.  think  of  consulting  them.'  T,    The  edilet 

156.  '  Men  of  the  vilest  origin  or  cha-  were  of  two  sorts,  curule  and  plebeian. 
racier  take  the  ei^uestrian  seats,  if  they  PA.  cf.  AD. 

have  but  the  requinte  income,  no  matter  Agmine  facto;  Virg.  G.  iv.  167.  i£.  i. 

how  it  nay  have  been  acquired.'  Hor.  86.  M.  cf.  x.  218.  A. 

£p.  ir.  15  sq.  PA.  M.  163.  He  alludes  to  the  secession  of  the 

Fornix  '  a  vaulted  cellar,  a  low  bro-  Plebeians  to  the  Sacred  MonnL  Flor.  i. 

thel  ;*  xL  171.  Hor.  I  S.  ii.  30.  A.  23.  LU.  Liv.  ii.  32  sq.  iii.  50  sqq.  PA. 

157.  Not  only  was  applause  given  to  Tenues  *  poor.'  PA. 
the  perfonnera;    but  the  emperors  and  164.  Cf.  vii.61sq.«(  r«nuis(vtr(ui,niii 

of  popnlahty  were  received  with    cum  re,  vilior  alga  est ;  Hor.  II S.  v.  8.  Af. 


^ 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  III. 


165  Res  angusta  domi ;  sed  Romae  durior  illis 
Conatus :  magno  hospitium  miserabiie,  magno 
Servorum  ventres,  et  frugi  ccenula  magno. 
Fictilibus  ccenare  pudet,  quod  turpe  negavit 
Translatus  subito  ad  Marsos  mensamque  Sabellam 

170  Ck)nt;entusque  illic  veneto  duroque  cululio.  -c^ 

Pars  magna  Italise  est,  si  verum  admittimus,  in  qua 
Nemo  togam  sumit,  nisi  mortuus.     Ipsa  dierum 
Festorum  herboso  colitur  si  quando  theatro 
Majestas  tandemque  redit  ad  pulpita  notum 

175  Exodium,  quum  personce  pallentis  hiatum 


pigra  extulit  arcth  haud  umquam  teu  v\rius\ 
Sil.  xiii.  773.  ad  tumnuu  emergere  opet ; 
Lucr.  ii.  13.  R.  fLWy  xxv,  38,  i.  ED,] 
iivfmT§f  yetf  fi  $i  /f^MV  r«  xttXa  ir^mrruv 

wK»6r§v  Koi  vXtrmtit  ^maf/ktvt  Arist. 
£ih.  i.  8.  PR.  Claadian  insinuates  that 
things  were  changed  for  the  better  in  his 
days  ;  non  obruta  virtu*  paupertate  Jacet : 
Uetos  ex  omnibus  oris  evehis,  et  meritum, 
non  qu<e  cunabula,  qu{tns  t  et  qualis,  non 
ttnde  tatu$ ;   Stil.  ii.  121  sqq.  G. 

165.  '  It  is  difficult  any  where ;  but 
&c.'  PR, 

166.  Magno  understand  eonttat  pretio, 

167.  *  Servants*  appetites/  i.  e.  *  the 
keep  of  servants.'  VS.  xiii.  162  sqq.  R. 

168.  Magnus  ille  est  qui  JicUlibns  sie 
u<i(ur,  quemadmodnm  argento  ;  nee  ille 
mimtr  estt  qui  argento  sic  utitur,  quern- 
admodumjictilihuf  ;  Sen.  LU, 

Negabii',  GR,FE.  HO.negabis;  VA. 
negarit ;  cf.  xiv.  134.  G.  but  no  alteration 
is  necessary , for  the  verb  is  put  indefinitely, 
'  which  no  one  would  be  ashamed  of.' 
LU.  See  notes  on  Jiirifin,  Her.  iii.  82. 
and  i^0s^0M9,  Her.  vii.  10. 

169.  Cf.  xiv.  180.  Frugality  was  not 
yet  exploded  in  these  parts  of  Italy.  BE, 
'  At  Home  every  thing  is  extravagantly 
dear,  and  yet  we  dare  not  retrench  for 
fear  of  being  despised ;  in  the  country  we 
should  have  none  of  these  prejudices  to 
encounter  ;  we  might  be  poor  without 
becoming  the  objects  of  scorn,  and  frugal 
without  being  tliought  ridiculous.*  G. 

170.  Veneto  *  of  common  blue  ware.* 
eululb  *  a  bowl  or  great  handled  cup,' 
properly  '  of  earthen  ware.'  Schol.  on 
Hor.  I  Od.  xxxi.   11.  A.  P.  434.     Vene- 


turn  lutum'f  Mart.IlI. Ixxiv. 4.cf.  VIII. 
vi.  2.  XIV.  cviii.  2.  Tib.  I.  i.  40.  R. 

172.  The  toga  was  the  dress  of  cere- 
mony, worn  by  the  poor,  when  they  paid 
their  respects  to  the  rich :  it  was  also  the 
dress  of  business.  In  the  country  the 
tunic  was  the  usual  dre»s,  which  was  less 
cumbersome,  179.  Martial  says  of  Spain 
ignota  est  toga ;  XII.  xviii.  17.  cf.  IV. 
Ixvi.  3.  X.  xlvii.  5.  Ii.  6.  Pliny  of  his 
villa,  ibi  nulla  neeessitai  toga;  £p.  ix. 
1.  vii.  3.  both  of  them  regarding  th« 
circumstance  as  a  comfort.  But  the 
Romans  always  dressed  the  remains  of 
their  deceased  friends  with  the  most 
punctilious  care.  Mart.  IX.  Iviii.  8.  G. 
LI,  PR, 

173.  It  was  many  ages  before  the 
Romans  could  boast  of  a  permanent 
theatre  ;  the  first  was  built  by  Pompey, 
of  hewn  stooe  :  Tac.  A.  xiv.  20,  Tm 
temporary  country  theatres  were  con- 
structed of  turf.  LU,  Virg.  vE.  v.  286 
sqq.  Af.  Ill  gradibus  sedit  populus  de  eesjtite 
factis]  Ov.  A.  A.  i.  107  &c.  R.    Prop. 

IV.  i.  15.  Our  word  scene  is  derived 
from  rsfffi)  '  a  shady  bower.'  PR, 

174.  •  The  solemnity.'  LU, 
Tandem  *  at  the  expiration  of  the  year.* 

or  *  at  the  conclusion  of  the  serious  play.* 
Redit  for  rediit  has  its  last  syllable  lorg. 
PulpUa  *  the  stage.'  viii.  195.  FE.  LU, 
xiv.  257.  R.  'Soium ;  in  Rome  some 
novelty  was  produced.  PR, 

175.  •  The  farce'  acted  after  the  tra- 
gedy, to  dispel  melancholy  impressions.  T. 
vi.  71.  PR.  The  sWUm  were  performed 
at  the  beginning,  and  the  ift^XM  '  inter- 
ludes' in  the  middle  of  the  drama,  pn'n- 
eipio  exitus  dignus  exodiumque  sequHur  ; 
Lucil.  VS,    Liv.  vii.  2.  R. 

*  The  masks*    were    painted  *  of  a 


•AT.  nu  OF  JUVENAL,  57^ 

In  gremio  matris  fonnidat  rusticiis  infans ; 
.^Bquales  habitus  illic  similesque  videbis 
Orchestram  et  populum :  clari  velamen  honoris, 
Sufficiunt  tunicse  summis  .Sldilibus  albse. 

180  Hie  ultra  vires  habitus  nitor:  hie  aliquid  plus, 

Quam  satis  est,  interdum  aliena  sumitur  area.  , 

Commune  id  yitium  est     Hie  vivimus  ambitiosa         \  •-'«  ^-  •  '' 
Paupertate  omnes.     Quid  te  moror?     Omnia  Romse 
Cum  pretio.     Quid  das,  ut  Cossum  aliquando  salutes  ? 

185  Ut  te  respieiat  elauso  Veiento  labello? 

lUe  metit  barbam,  crinem  hie  deponit  amatii 

glimstly  ookrar'  and  bad '  wide  mouths'  *  You  pay  dearly  for  every  thing  at 

to  allow  free  icope  to  the  voice  of  the  Rome;'  cf.  166  sq.  LU. 

■elor.    FA.  LU.    friftm  *iX7**t  «'^'  18^*  '  What  does  it  not  cost  you  to 

fttym  m  mmrmwtifuwH  9»vt  Stmrmt'  Luc.  bribe  the  doroestici  of  CMtut  to  admit 

w.i^.  27.  cf.  Hot.  A.  P.  277.  Plaut.  you  to  his  morning  levee  V  LU.    Dif- 

Bad.  JI.  vi.  61.  A.  fieUet  aditus  yrimoi  habet.    **  Haud  mihi 

176L  That  women  used  to  carry  chiU  duro:  muntrUm$  servos  eorrumpamr  nan, 

dm  to  the  theatre  appears  from  the  fol-  hodie  si  exelusus  fuero,  desistam  ;*'   S^e. 

lowing  pavage ;  nutriees  puerot  infantes,  Hor.  I  S.  ix.  56  sqq.  PR,    iiti  iy^»i^ 

mkmiuLt  dami  ut  yveurent,  neve  tpeeta-  nmuSs  ri^i^«»r«  »m}  «M^c»Xiir«M  Ai/3v«y 

tmrn  mffkretmt,  ne  el  ipsa  sitiant,  et  pueri  rmrr^fASuf  urn)  fuHh  riXmrc  rnt  fitnifiins 

ftfitnUt  /untei  neve  eturientes  hie  quati  r$v  iufiMTH'    Lucian   «*.   r.   Xv)  /u^iSf 

Uidiekivagianti  Plant  Poen.  pr.  Pft.  n/»«»r«».  R,    We  may  suppose  Auielius 

177.  iUie  '  in  country  towns.'  Cossus  to  have  been  a  wealthy  nobleman 

178.  '  The  orchestra'  was  the  space  of  the  day.  Af« 

mtxX  the  ttage,  where  the  senators  were  185.    Fahricius  Veiento  \    iv.  113.  vi. 

accommodated  with  chairs;  vii.  47.  The  82  sqq.  T.  Tac.  »▼.  50.  Plin.  En.  iv.  22. 

matic  theatre  had  no  such  orchestra ;  the  PR*    Mart.  X.  x.  5.    Suet.  Ner.  37. 

word  here  denotes  the  place  next  the  Seneca  de  Br.  Vit.  2.  R, 

perfonners,  where  the  most  consequential  Clmiso  labello  *  without  once  deigning 

cooBtrj-gentlemen  sat.  F£.  PR,  G.  to  opeo  his  lips.*  PR. 

179.  '  For  the  Tcry  highest  personages,  186.  The  wealthier  Romans,  on  ar- 
dw  edika,  it  is  distinction  enough  to  riving  at  manhood,  dedicated  the  first 
wear  a  white  tonic;'  LU.  FE.  which  'shavings  of  their  beard  and  pollings  of 
woald  have  been  no  distinction  at  Home,  their  hair  to  some  deity :  many  to  the 
Mart.  IV.  ii.  PA.  Pvthian  Apollo,  others  to  iEsculapius, 

180.  '  Beyond  their  means.'  BRL  others  to  the  river  gods  of  their  country  : 
VB.  138.  R.  Mart.  I.  xxxii.  lA.  xvii.  xviii.     Nero 

181.  '  Aad  this  extravagance  is  at  the  enclosed  his  in  a  golden  pix  adorned 
aapepse  of  others;'  vi.  351  sqq.  by  either  with  pearls,  and  ottered  it  with  great 
hbiag,  bonowiw,  or  pilfering.  Lu,  state  to  Capitoline  Jove.    Suet.  12.  Dio. 

182.  ii>  46.  Lu.  The  day  ofdedication  was  kept  as  a  fes- 
*  Ambitiona  of  living  beyond  our  in-     tival,  and  complimentary  presents  were 

oomst,*  io  order  to  be  thooght  richer  than  expected  from  friends  and  clients,  as  on 

we  really  are.  LU.   vi.  352.  (vii.  50.)  birthdays.     Here  the  poor  client  has  to 

Theoph.  Ch.  xxi*.  H.  pay  the  same  compliment  to  the  patron's 

188.    'Why  should   I  detain  yout'  minions,  in  order  to  gain  the  ear  of  their 

whence  the  lorm  of  adjourning  the  se-  lord.    lUe  and  hie  are  two  patrons.  LU, 

Bale  "  NU  IMS  merer,  Patres  Omscripti ;"  FA,  PR.  G,     See  Horn.  II.  HT  141  sqq. 

LU.  Ne  U  mfanT,audi  quo  rem  dedueam;  and  Schol.  on  Pind.  P.  iv.  145. 
Hor.  I  S.  i.  14  sq.  M.  Metit '  has  it  shaved ;'  deponit  *  has  it 

I 


£8 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  III. 


r  »• 


Plena  domus  libis  venalibus.     Accipe  et  istud 
Fermentum  tibt  babe :  prasstare  tributa  clientes 
Cogimur  et  cultis  augere  peculia  servis. 

190  Quis  timet  aut  timuit  gelida  Praeneste  ruinam 
Aut  positis  nemorosa  inter  juga  Volsiniis  aut 
I4cyv%^i      Simplicibus  Gabiis  aut  proni  Tiburis  arce  ? 
^Nos  urbem  colimus  tenui  tibicine  fultam 
Magna  parte  sui.     Nam  sic  labentibus  obstat 

195  Villicus  et,  veteris  rimse  quum  texit  hiatum, 
Securos  pendente  jubet  dormire  ruina. 
Vivendum  est  illic,  ubi  nulla  incendia,  nulli 
Nocte  metus.    Jam  poscit  aquam,  jam  frivola  transfert 
Ucalegon ;  tabulata  tibi  jam  tertia  fumant : 


cut.'  HA'.  ACH,  cf.  116.  The  hardship, 
however,  would  be  aggravated  if  we 
read  amaiuit  implying  that  there  was 
more  than  one  favourite  to  be  courted  in 
each  great  man's  house.  R. 

187.  The  Ixbum  was  a  kind  of  ginger- 
bread,  made  of  flour,  honey,  and  oil.  VR, 
or,  according  to  Athenasus,  xXmnvit  l« 
yftXa«r«f  Ir^ttn  ri  ««2  ^iXir«;*  iii*  66.  R» 

These  *  cakes'  were  sent  in  such  quan- 
tities as  '  to  be  sold.'   PR. 

188.  '  Take  this  if  you  can  digest  it, 
and  let  the  leaven  worl^  within  your 
spleen.'  VS,  LU.  M.  cf.  i.  45.  Pers.  i. 
24.  Plant.  Merc.  V.  iii.  3.  Cas.  II.  v. 
17.  Aul.  III.  iv.  9.  R. 

186.  Culiii  i,$.  amatU,  186.  R,  cf. 
158.  It  may  also  mean  '  respectfully 
courted  :'  M.  '  pampered  menials.' 

Peculia  *  the  vails  or  perquisites.*  M, 
'  That  property  of  a  servant  or  child, 
over  which  the  master  or  parent  had  no 
power.'  LU. 

190.  Pr(Bn$tte,  being  here  feminine, 
comes  from  the  nominative  PranettU, 
GRJE,  a  town  of  Latium,  now  '  Pales- 
trioa.'  It  was  *  cool'  from  its  waters,  as 
well  as  from  its  situation  on  a  hill :   PR» 

Jrigidum  Pranette;  Hor.  Ill  Od.  iv.  22. 
R.  altum ;  Virg.  JE,  vii.  682.  M. 
Ruiiiam  ;  cf.  7  sq. 

191.  Now  '  Bolsena/  a  city  of  Tus- 
cany. PR, 

192.  Gahiit  a  town  of  Latium  between 
Rome  and  Prssneste.  R.  *  Simple,'  from 
being  a  dupe  to  the  artifices  of  Sextus 
Tarouinius.  Flor.  i.  7.  LU,  Liv.  i.  53 
sq.  pR,  or «  unadorned'  VS,  cf.  nmpUs 
munditiii ;  Ilor.  I  Od.  v.  5. 


Tibur,  now  '  Tivoli,'  on  the  Anio;  a 
town  of  Latium,  built  on  a  steep  ac- 
clivity :  hence  called  tupinum ;  Ilor«  III 
Od.  iv.  23.  VS,  PR.  Af. 

Art  denotes  (1)  '  a  height,'  (2)  '  a 
citadel,'  (3)  '  a  city'  in  general.  R. 

193.  Tibken  '  a  prop  or  shore.'  LU. 

195.  *  The  steward.^  M.  or  '  the  city 
surveyor  ;*  cf.  iv.  77.  F£.  or  '  the  land- 
lord, or  *  the  edilei'  R.  or  *  the  village 
mason.'  ACH, 

'  After  closing  the  cradi  in  the  walls 
with  a  little  nlaster.'  VS, 

196. '  Without  apprehension ;'  though 
not  tutift  *  secured  from  danger ;'  tut  a 
meeUra  ette  pouuut,  teeura  non  pouunt ; 
Sen.  ep.  97. 

Pendinte  *  impending/  F£. 

197.  lUie  *  in  the  country.'  cf.  190. 
223  sq.  R. 

198.  The  repetition  of  the  word  Jam 
'  three  times,  denotes  the  progress  of  the 

fire. 

'  Having  saved  his  valuables  in  the 
first  instance,  he  is  now  moving  his  lum- 
ber, without  ever  thinking  of  giving  the 
ahirm  to  his  poor  lodgers.    R. 

199.  The  name  of  UeaUgon  is  intro- 
duced from  Virgil's  description  of  Troy 
in  flames:  jam  Deiphobi  didit  ampla 
ruinam,  Vuleano  9uperant$,  domut  ;jam 
proiimu*  ardet  Ucalegon;  JE,  ii. 
310  sqq.  VS, 

*  The  third  floor  which  you  oocnpy.' 
The  rich  used  to  let  the  upper  rooms  of 
their  houses  to  poorer  people :  eoenaeuU ; 
X,  18.  tcalU  fiabito  tribut,  aed  altis;  Mait* 
L  cxviii.  7.  LU,  cf.  vii.  118.  Hor.  I  £b. 
1.91 .  Plaut.Amph.III.i.3.  SueLVit?.  A. 


SAT.  III.  OF  JUVENAL.  59 

200  Tu  Desds.     Nam  si  gradibus  trepidatur  ab  imis,    '"*/!  ^"^V*^*!  '• 

Ultimus  ardebit,  quem  tegula  sola  tuetur  j/.v, . - 

A  pluvia,  moUes  ubi  reddunt  ova  columbas.  . 

Lectus  erat  Codro  Procula  minor,  urceoli  sex,   hr$  i^Atnrt  • 

Omamentum  abaci,  nee  non  et  parvulus  infra 
205  Canthanis  et  recubans  sub  eodem  marmore  Chiron, 

Jamque  vetus  Grsecos  servabat  cista  libellos 

£t  divina  Opici  rodebant  carmina  mures.    ^' 

Nil  habuit  Codrus :  quis  enim  negat  ?  et  tamen  illud 

Perdidit  infelix  totum  nihil :  ultimus  autem 
210  ^rumnce  cumulus,  quod  nudum  et  frusta  rogantem 

Nemo  cibo,  nemo  hospitio  tectoque  juvabit. 

Si  magna  Asturii  cecidit  domus :  horrida  mater, 

Pullati  proceres,  difPert  vadimonia  Praetor. 

200.  '  You  are  aoand  asleep,  and  un-  bad,  were  now  consigned  to  the  custody 

ooMcioiis  of  your  danger.'  M.  of  an  old  chest'  hV, 

•  If  the  bustle  and  alarm  (i.<.  the  fire)  207.  Dia  potmata ;  Pers.  i.  31.  R. 

bezin  at  ihe  bottom  of  the  sturs;'  ««r«-  The  Opiei  or  0$ei  were  an  Ausonian 

(UHm  '  down  stairs,*  Arist  Ach.  3b6.  as  tribe,  on  the  banks  of  the  Liris,  in  Latium 

oppoMd  to  i»«^i()«t   in  the  garret;'  Ibid,  and  Campania;  who,  on  their  admission 

386.374.   PI.  1123.  among  the  Romans,  introduced  many 

201. '  He  will  be  burnt,  though  last  of  barbarous  innovations  into  the  language 

alL*  LU*  and  manners  of  that  people.   Diooys.  H, 

TeguU  •  the  tiling.'  i.  89.  of.  yi.  455.  Gell.  ii.  21 .  xi.  1 6.  xiii.  9. 

202.  Tbe  roof  was  oied  as  a  dove-cote.  Plin.  xziz.  1.  Apoll.  Sidon.  ep.  vii.  3. 
VS.  Perbaps  there  is  an  allusion  to  the  Virg.  M.  vii.  730.  LU.  LL  M,  MNS.  R, 
ctymologT  of  mti^v  from  iwi^  and  tin  *  barbarians,  goths.' 

'  an  egg?  R.  208. '  Codrus  in  short  had  nothing. *  G. 

203.  Cf.  i.  2.  GR.  cf.  St  Matth.  xiii.  12.  SL,  on  7;^«  n.  15. 
J^'  Not   large  enough  for    his   better    R.     See  note  on  Xx^veirr  Her.  vi.  22. 
^alf.'  210.  Cumulus,  that  which  is  over  and 

*     Lsetui  minor,  ure§oli,  parvului  cttn-  above  measure,  being  piled  on  when  a 

thmnu,  lUnlU,  all    diminutives.   G,  cf.  measure  is  already  brim-full,  so  as  to 

Adst.  Rh.  III.  ii.  6.  rise  in  a  heap  above  the  rim  of  the 

'Little  jugs.'    Cf.  Plin.  xzviti.   2.  vessel.    In  french,  com  6/ «;  M.  "  M^ut 

»^'*"«    11.  xixiv.  3.   zxxvii.  2.     Hor.  reste  enfaiU  au-dcuus  des  bords    d*unt 

I  S.  vi.  1 16  aq.  R.  mesure,  apre*  que  U  mnureur  Va  remplie  :** 

204. '  Of  his  sideboard ;' '  of  a  marb^  Nodier  et  Verger. 

shelf  or  slab.'  cf.  2a5.  R.  Frusta  *  broken  victuals.'  M. 

205. '  A  can :'  rravtt  attrita  yendAtU  212.  *  Each  matron  puts  on  weeds.'  In 

caaifttfras  omb  ;  Virg.  IL  vi.  17.  PR.  a  public  mourning  for  any  signal  calamity, 

'  A   reclining  figure  of  the  centaur  '  the  ladies  laid  aside  their  ornaments,  the 

CbiroQ,  Bade  ^  the  same  marble,  sup-  senate  put  on  black,  and  the  courts  of 

ported  tbe  slab.'    The  rich  used  more  justice  postponed  all  business.' [Livyxxvi, 

coatljmaterialstban  marble:  xi.  122 sqq.  29,  3.  £D.J     The  rapid  degeneracy  of 

tlL  R.  Codrus  is  the  more  to  be  pitied,  manners  under  the  emperors  renders  it 

as  be  was  evidently  an  antiquarian,  and  probable  that  there  is  no  very  great  ex- 

■o  doubt  attached  a  great  value  to  every  aggeration  in  this  description.  G.  PR. 

arbde  10  tbis  catalogue.  G.  213.  This  postponement  was  called 

2O0t  <The  few  Greek  books  which  he  juUitium,  LU, 


60 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  III. 


Tunc  gemimus  casus  Urbis,  tunc  odimus  ignem. 

215  Ardet  adhuc,  et  jam  occurrit,  qui  marmora  donet^ 
Conferat  impensas.     Hie  nuda  et  Candida  signa. 
Hie  aliquid  praeclarum  Euphranoris  et  Polycletiy 
Hsec  Asianorum  vetera  ornamenta  Deorum, 
Hie  libros  dabit  et  forulos  mediamque  Minervam, 

220  Hie  modium  argenti.     Meliora  ae  plura  reponit 
Persieus  orborum  lautissimus  et  merito  jam 
SuspectuS)  tamquam  ipse  suas  incenderit  ssdes. 
Si  potes  avelli  Circensibus,  optima  Sorse 
Aut  Fabraterise  domus  aut  Frusinone  paratur, 

225  Quanti  nunc  tenebras  unum  conducis  in  annum. 
Hortulus  hie  puteusque  brevis  nee  reste  movendus 


214.  '  We  lament  it  as  a  national 
calamity :  we  execrate  the  very  name 
of  6re/  LU,  It  was  customary  with 
mourners  to  extinguish  their  fires.  VS* 

215.  '  The  fire  is  yet  raging.'  LU> 
Oecurrit  *  comes  forward.'  R, 

216.  Understand  pecunicu  ;  <  begs  to 
contribute  towards  the  rebuilding.'  LU. 

'  Of  Parian  marble.*  PR,  cf.  Plin. 
xxxiv.  5  s  10.  A. 

217.  *  Some  master- piece  of  Euphranor 
the  sculptor  and  painter,  or  Poiycletus 
the  statuary.'  LU.  Quint,  xii.  10.  Plin. 
xxxiv.  8.  PR.  XXXV.  1 1.  cf.  viii.  103.  R. 

218.  <  Nor  will  the  fair  sex  be  lets  at- 
tentive.' T» 

AMTtorum  *  taken  long  since  in  some 
of  the  victories  gained  in  Asia.'  A. 

219.  '  Books  and  book-cases  and  a 
bust  of  Minerva.'  LU.  R. 

229.  *  A  bushel'  used  indefinitely.  M. 
**  The  worthies  of  antiquity  bought  the 
rarest  pictures  with  bushels  of  gold, 
without  counting  the  weight  or  the  num- 
ber of  pieces  ;*'  JD,  Dufresnoy. 

'  He  replaces  in  the  room  of  what  he 
has  lost  by  the  fire.'  R. 

221.  Atturiut  we  may  suppose  to  be 
called  Perucus  in  consequence  of  his  ori- 
ental origin :  cf.  72.  M.  or  from  his 
luxurious  style  of  living ;  Hor.  I  Od. 
xxxviii.  1.  VS.  Hence  the  presents  in 
218.  M'SS.  He  receives  so  much  both 
'  because  he  is  childless  and  because  he  is 
very  rich.'  ACH,  Observe  the  contrast 
between  his  fate  and  that  of  Codrus.  M. 

222.  Empta  domui  fuetat  tibi,  Tongi- 
littn€t  dueenit:  abitulit  hane  nimium  cani$ 
in   Urbe  frequtnt.     CoUatum  €st  deeies. 


Rogo,  nan  poUi  ipu  videri  inetndism  tuam^ 
Tongiliane,  dcmum9  Mart.  III.  Ki.  LU. 
The  court  paid  to  the  rich  waa  so  notori- 
ous, that  Asturius  might  haTe  set  his  own 
house  on  fire,  with  the  certainty  of  being 
anoply  imdemnified.  M. 

223.  '  If  you  can  tear  yourself  away.' 
The  Romans  were  quite  road  after  the 
sports  of  the  Circus:  (populus)  nunc 
duat  tantum  rts  anxiut  aptat,  pantm  €t 
Ciretntet'f  x.  79  sqq.  BRL  vi.  87. 
viii.  118.  xL  53.  193  sqq.  xiy.  262  soq. 
Plin.  £p.  ix.  6.  R.  They  spent  Ihe 
whole  day  there.  Augustus  (for  even  in 
his  time  the  phrensy  had  b^^n  to  mani- 
fest itselO  s&id  with  some  spleen  to  a 
knight  who  was  taking  his  meal  on  the 
benches,  "  If  1  wanted  to  dine,  I  woold 
go  home."  "  And  so  you  might,"  re- 
plied the  man,  **  for  you  would  not  be 
afraid  of  losing  your  place !"  Succeeding 
emperors  were  more  indulgent :  tome  of 
them  had  regular  distributions  of  bread 
and  wine  made  to  the  different  orders.  G, 
See  65.  Dionys.  A.  R.  vii.^ti.  Liv.  vii.  2. 
Ov.  F.  iv.  389  sqq.  A.  PR.  [Livy  xxii, 
9,  8.  ED.] 

224.  These  towns  are  now  called  *  Sorit 
Falvaterra,  and  Frusilone.'  PR,  Silios 
mentions  these  three  towns  together  ;  viii. 
396.  398.  400.  R. 

225. '  You  can  buy  a  house  there,  for 
one  year*s  rent  of  a  dark  hole  (Mart  IL 
xiv.  12.  R.)  in  the  city.'  LU.  PR.  nunc 
'  in  these  dear  times.'  M, 

226.  Hie  *  in  these  country  towns 
(LU.)  there  is  a  small  garden  attached 
to  each  house.*  R* 

'  The  springs  are  so  high  that  no  bucket 


•AT.  III.  OF  JUVENAL.  61 

In  tenues  plantas  facili  difiunditur  haustu. 
Vive  bidentis  amans  et  culti  villicus  horti, 
Unde  epulum  possis  centum  dare  Pythagoreis. 

230  Est  aliquid,  quocumque  loco,  quocumque  recessu, 
Unius  sese  dominum  fecisse  lacertse. 

Plnrimus  hie  aeger  moritur  vigilando:  sed  ilium 
Languorem  peperit  cibus  imperfectus  et  haerens 
Ardenti  stomacho.     Nam  quae  meritoria  somnum 

235  Admittunt?    Magnis  opibus  dormitur  in  Urbe: 
Inde  caput  morbi.     Redarum  transitus  arcto 
Vicorum  in  flexu  et  stantis  convicia  mandrse 
Eripient  somnum  Druso  vitulisque  marinis. 

mod  rope  k  required ;'  a  great  acquisition  as  '  workshops'  VS,  or  as  '  temporary 
in  a  covntry  where  so  much  watering  lodgings.'  M.  If  the  former,  the  mean- 
was  wanted  as  in  luly.  M.  ing  will  be  that  the  incessant  din  of  the 

238.  '  Devote  your  life  to  your  field  artizans  at  work  (Mart.  XII.  Ivii.  R,) 

and  your  garden.'  effectually  precludes  sheep.  LU,  PR.  In 

'  Of  the  pitch-fork' t.c.  *  of  husbandry.*  the  latter  case,  it  implies  that  as  no  one 

LU.  HdtmtM  vidM  oHgratot  ana  coUnta;  would  take  permanent  lodgings  in  the 

Ov.  Am.  I.  ziii.  15.  R.  noisiest  parts  of  the  city,the  spare  rooms  in 

229.  '  From  the  produce  of  which  gar-  those  quarters  were  let  out  by  the  night ; 

den.'  LU»  where  you  might  get  a  bed,  but  as  for 

The  Pythagoreans  abstained  from  meat  sleep,  that  was  quite  out  of  the  question. 
(ovring  to  th&  belief  in  the  metempsy-        235.  Dormitur  impersonally,  as  (repi- 

choais,R«)  and  obserred  a  vegetable  diet  datur,  200,  M. 
LU,  zv.  171  sqq.  PR.  <  A  person  of  large  property  may  be 

290.  CUi,  7  4,  tit  a  liquid  fatotfttuo  able  to  obtain  a  mansion    sufficiently 

ftrroM  cademUm  in  wlida  marient  ponert  spacious  to  have  bed-chambers  remote 

earjmi  hmmo;    et  mandare  rail  aliquid,  from  the  noise  and  bustle  of  the  streets, 

tpnwrw  tefulera,  et  umi  aquortit  piteibut  or  at  any  rate  to  overawe  the  neighbour- 

gmadbum;  Ov.  Tr.  I.  ii.  53  sqq.  R,  hood  into  silence.'  VS.  LU,  PR.  M. 

231.  "  We  asked  Dr.  Johnson,"  says  236.  *  The  rumbling  of  carU  and  car- 
Boewdl,  "  the  aieaoing  of  that  expres-  riages  interrupted  only  by  the  vociferations 
BOB  in  Juvenal,  uttius  dominum  laevrut.  and  mutual  abuse  of  the  drovers  blocked 
Johoaon — ^I  think  it  clear  enough;  it  up  by  stoppages.'  LU^  PR.  M.  cC 
means  as  much  ground  as  one  may  have  Mart.  V.  xxii. 

a  chance  of  finding  a  lizard  upon.'*  And  237.  *  The    narrow  crooked    streets' 

so  it  does !  and  wis,  the  Doctor  might  were  owing  to  the  great  fire  at  Rome ; 

have  added,  is  very  little  in  Italy.  G.  VS.  Nero  endeavoured  to  remedy  the  evil  by 

LU.    The  green  lizard  is  very  plentiful  another  fire.  Liv.  v.  55.  Suet.  Ner.  38. 

in  the  gfurdens  of  Italy.  Hor.  I  Od.  xxiii.  PR.  Tac.  A.  xv.  38. 43.  Flor.  i.  13.  Diod. 

7  Ml.  M.  PUn.  H.  N.  viii.  39.  PR,  cf.  xiv.  116.  R. 

Mart.  XI.  xviii.  R.  Mandra  *  a  pen  for  cattle* '  the  cattle 

232.  '  Very  many  an  invalid  dies  for  themselves'  *  a  team  of  horses  or  mules.' 
want  of  sleep.'  otia  ms  tomnusque  Juvat,  PR.  The  genitive  case  of  the  oh  j  ec  t : 
Mi«e  "MgM  negavit  Rdma  mihi'y  Mart,  as  wau^ai  fi0vxJfAi9$t  ^f  *A;^«AJLi«  ritf 
All.  Ixviii.  5  sq.  LU.  i^$  TtiftSvsr  Arist.  Rh.  II.  iii.  3. 

233.  '  Undigested  food  clogging  the  see  note  on  h»»r»y.  Her.  i.  129.  [Livy 
fievcriah  stomach ;'  LU.  *  occasioning  the  xzvii,  7,  3.  £!>.] 

heart-bam.'  M.  238.  Ti.  Claudiut  Drusus  Catar  was 

234.  With  wuritaria,  atdifieia  may  be  very  lethargic :  Suet.  Claud.  5.  8.  but  in 
nadtntood}  '  rooms  let  for  hiit'  either    all  likelihood  some  well-known  character 


62  THE  SATIRES  sat.iii. 

Si  Yocat  offidum,  turba  cedente  vehetur 
240  Dives  et  ingenti  curret  super  ora  Liburno 

Atque  obiter  leget  aut  scribet  vel  dormiet  intus; 
Namque  facit  somnum  clausa  lectica  fenestra* 
Ante  tamen  veniet:  nobis  properantibus  obstat 
Unda  prior:  magno  populus  premit  agmine  lumbos, 
245  Qui  sequitur.     Ferit  hie  cubito,  ferit  assere  duro 
Alter;  at  hie  tignum  capiti  incutit,  ille  metretam. 
Pinguia  crura  luto;  planta  mox  undique  magna 
Calcor  et  in  digito  clayus  mihi  militis  haeret. 
Nonne  vides,  quanto  celebretur  sportula  fumo? 

of  the  day  is  here  inteDded.     '  Seals*  are  242.  i.  65.  R*  The  windows  of  litters 

also  very  drowsy  animals.  PUn.  H.  N.  had  curtains.  LU. 

ix.   13.  PR.  Lu.  R,    The  humour  in  243.  *  He  will  arrive  before  us,  without 

coupIingDnisus  with  these  sleepycreatures  interruption  to  either  hb  rest,  hb  business, 

and  placing  the  latter  within  ear-shot  of  or  his  studies.'  LU, 

the  muleteers  and  coachmen  in  the  heart  *  Make  what  haste  we  can.'  M. 

of  the  city,  is  quite  overlooked  by  the  244.  *  The  tide  of  people.'  PR.  Virg. 

majority  of  Commentators ;  G.  who,  by  G.  ii.  462.  Sil.  iv.  159.  /2.  •Zfut x*tf»»»9' 

introducing  the  alteration  (I)  Mtmnosurgn,  cf.  BL,  on  i£sch.  Theb.  64. 

cf.  PUn.  H.   N.  viii.  36.  (BRI.)  or  (2)  Premit \  pracedtntibm  hutant',  Her. I 

vetulUque  maritis^  (GRjE.^  entirely  de-  £p.  ii.  71. 

stroy  the  ^x^f*^  v*^*  T(o§h»iaf  so  com-  245.  '  With  the  hard  pole  of  the  litter.' 

men  in  Aristophanes  and  other  comic  vii.  132.    Martial  uses  at$er  for  *  the 

writers :  neither  is  the  correction  vitulisvt  litter  itselt'  LU. 

(J A.)  necessary,  notwithstanding  the  a  b-  246.  *  A  ten-gallon  cask*  fur^r^ .  GR, 

surdity  of  ^«.  247.  Understand  mM^unf.  R,  cf.  iii. 

239.  Officium ;    ii.  132.    •  The  rich  68,  note. 

will  move  lapidly,  without  ironediment,  to        He  now  gets  jostled  among  a  party  of 

the  levees  ot  the  old  and  chilaless;  while  soldiers.  PR.    Magna  (cf.  xvi.  14.  A.) 

the  poor,  whose  sole  support  probably  '  of  a  grenadier.' 

depended  upon  their  early  appearance        248.  *  In  my  toe.'  LU. 

there,  have  to  struggle  at  every  step        The  soldiers*  boots  were  stuck  full  of 

through  dangers  and  diflficulties.'  G.  lai^  hobnails,  zri.  24  sq.  LU.  cf.  PUn* 

240.  *  The  crowd,  as  they  make  way,  ix.  18.  zxii.  22.  xxxiv.  19.  R. 
will  look  up  at  the  great  man  in  his  litter;        240.  *  Is  frequented.'  LU. 

so  that  he  vvill  be  carried  above  their  faces.'  Here  the  scene  shifts.    The  difficulties 

M.  I lb$  humeri  cervtcuquef€rvorum$uper  of  the  morning  are  overpast,  and  the 

ora  nostra  vehunt;  Plin.  Pan.  24.  PR.  streets  cleared  of  the  shoals  of  levee- 

9110s  supra  capita  hominfim  t/upraque  tur-  hunters.     New  perils  now  arise,  and  the 

bam  delicatot  Uetiea  nupendit ;  Sen.  R.  poor  are  obstructed  in  the  prosecution  of 

The  tall  and  sturdy  natives  of  Liburnia,  their  evening  business  by  tne  crowds  of 

bordering  on  the  north-eastern  shore  of  rich  clients  returning  with  their  slaves 

the  Adriatic,  were  much  employed  at  from  the  dole  of  suppers  at  their  patrons' 

Rome  as  chairmen,  &c.  LU.   PR.  vi.  houses.    The '  kitchen' was  a  larger  kind 

477.  iv.  75.  longorum  eervice  Syrorum;  of  chafing-dish,  divided  into  two  celb,  in 

▼i.35l.  R.  honidus  Lihumus;  Mart.  I.  the  uppermost  of  which,  they  put  the 

1 .  33.  BO.  meat,  and  in  the  lower,  fire,  to  keep  it 

241.  Obiter  '  by  the  way* '  as  he  goes.'  warm.  How  often  have  I  been  re- 
L17.  vi.  181.  R.  U  Tm^Siif'  Cic.  od  Att.  minded  of  the  fportuia  (^iTrvo  tv  nr»- 
V.  20.  d«v  wm^uy99*  21.  St  fl'«fi^yf*  ad  ^ttf  T.)  by  the  firepans  and  suppers  of 
Q.  F.  iii.  9.  rR.  the  Neapolitans !    As  soon  as  it  grows 


SAT.  III.  OF  JUVENAL.  63 

250  Centum  convivae :  sequitur  sua  quemque  culina. 
Corbulo  vix  ferret  tot  vasa  ingeutia,  tot  res 
Impositas  capitis  quas  recto  vertice  portat 
Senrulus  infelix  et  cursu  ventilat  ignem. 
Scinduntur  tunicas  sarts :  modo  longa  coruscat 

255  Sarraco  veniente  abies  atque  altera  pinum      "^*.   ^'.S 
Plaustra  vehunt,  nutant  altoe  populoque  minantur. 
Nam  si  procubuit,  qui  saxa  Ligustica  portat, 
Axis,  et  eversum  fudit  super  agmina  montem, 
Quid  superest  de  corporibus?  quis  membra,  quis  ossa 

260  Invenit?  Obtritum  vulgi  perit  omne  cadaver 
More  animae.     Domus  interea  secura  patellas 

dark,  the  ttreels  tre  filled  with  twiokling  urbis    tecta    quatiuntur :     ttant    secura 

fires  glendng  iboat  in  every  direction  on  domus,  nee  jam  templa  nuiatUia ;    Plio. 

the  Wade  Of  these  modem  Cor  b a] OS,  Fan.  51.  G.    Ungo  vehiculorum  ordine 

and  suddenly  disappearing  as  tbey  enter  pinus  aut  abies  £ferebatur  vieis    intre- 

their  hooscs  with  their  frugal  meaL  6.  mentihus;  Sen.  £p.  90.  LC7.  Its  swaying 

cf.  i.  95  sq.  PR»  *  to  and  fro  made  it  dangerous.  M.  of.  Hor. 

260.  Foettm  ferentit  suberat  amphora  II  £p.  72  sqq.  I  S.  vi.  42  sq.  GR.   There 

cervix ;   Mart  XII.  xxxii.  4.  R.     Tu-  had  been  a  law  to  prevent  the  nuisance  of 

tmuiisse  ctf  eoquorum,  ipsos  cum  opsoniis  these  loaded  wagons  passing  and  repass- 

/ecoetrmmfirentium:  hoc  etsimjam  luxuria  ing  after  sunrise,  or  before  four  o'clock 

comments  eet,  ne  quis  intepeseat  cibus,  ne  in   the  afternoon,  (when  the   Romans 

fiiiii  pmUtojmm  gutaso  (caUosof)  parum  were  supposed  to  be  at  dinner.)  unless  it 

Jferveat  I  centam  culina  prosequitur;  were  for  the  construction  or  repairs  of 

Sen.  £p.  79  s  78.  PR.  fumus  249.  and  temples,  public  works,  &c.     Either  this 

^gmf  253.  relate  to  this  portable  kitchen,  law  had  fallen  into  disuse;   HB,    or 

251.  Ne  {Domitius)  Corbulo  omnium  timber.carriages  in  the  emperor's  service 
•re  »  te  verUret,  cerpare  ingens,  verbis  would  fall  under  the  above  exception. 
msmgmfieui,  et,  super  experientiam  sapi"        255.  Sarraca  Boota ;  v.  23.  Jtt£. 
emtiammme,  etiam  specie  inanium  validus;        266.  Cf.  Virg.  i£.  ii.  626  sqq.  R, 
Tec.  A.ziii.  8.    A  distinguished  general        257.   Immense  *  blocks  of   Ligurian 
in  Armenia  under  Nero.  LU.    Amm.  marble'  from  Luna  and  the  neighbour- 
Merc.   ZY.  PR,     Having   excited    the  hood.   GR,     Strab.  v.   p.   153.     Plin. 
tmnt*e  jealousy  by  his  successes,  he  was  xxxvi.  6.  18.    Sil.  viii.  482.    Suet.  Ner. 
oecoyed  to  Cencbrese,  condemned  un-  50.  A.  cf.  Mart.  V.  xxii. 

benrd,  end  fell  on  his  own  sword.  G.  258.  Axis ;  the  part  for  the  whole.  LU, 

252.  '  With  his  head  upright,  lest  the        '  The  troops  of  foot-passengers.'  LU, 
gnvy  eboold  be  spilt.'  LU,  Hyperbole.  LU.  rapido  cursu  media 

Some  mss.  haye  quot,  R.  agmina  rumpit :  veluti  mantis  sax  urn,  do 

253.  '  A  poor  little  slave  (as  opposed  vertice  praceps  cum  ruit,  ....  fertur  in 
In  *  tlie  gigantic  Corbulo'),  bv  whose  abruptum  magna  mans  improbus  aetu 
rapid  notion  through  the  air  the  fire  is  exsuUatque  sdo ;  siloast  armenta,  virosque 
fiuined.'  M.  involvent  secum ;    Virg.  JE,  xii.  683  sqq. 

254.  '  The  patched  tunics  of  the  poor  Ma ntibus{*  immense  marble  columns') 
get  torn  in  the  squeeze.'  PR,  aut   alte  Graiis  ejfulta    mtebant   atria ; 

Now  Ibllowe  an  indirect  attack  on  the  Stat.  Th.  i.  145  sq.  R, 
««ttin  of  the  emperors  for  building.    An        260.  '  Crushed  to  atoms.'  VS, 
evil  which  Juvenal  lived  to  see  abated:        261.  •  Because  not  a  particle  of  it  is 

lor  Trajan  was  tarn  parous  in  etdifieanda,  visible.*  VS, 

fsuns  dUigeme  in  tumdo,     Itaquo  non,  u  t        Interea  *  while  the  master  (followed  by 

•  mte,  msnmnktm  treauvoetione  setxorum  his  slave  with  the  supper)  has  come  to 


64 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  III. 


Jam  lavat  et  bucca  foculum  ezcitat  et  sonat  unctis 
Striglibus  et  pleno  componit  lintea  gutto. 
Haec  inter  pueros  vane  properantur :  at  ille 

265  Jam  sedet  in  ripa  tetrumque  novicius  horret 
Porthmea  nee  sperat  ccenosi  gurgitis  alnum 
Infelix  nee  habet,  quern  porrigat,  ore  trientem. 
Respice  nunc  alia  ac  diversa  pericula  noctis  : 
Quod  spatium  tectis  sublimibus,  unde  cerebrum 

270  Testa  ferit;  quoties  rimosa  et  curta  fenestris 

Vasa  cadant;  quanto  percussum  pondere  signent 
Et  lasdant  silicem.     Possis  ignavus  haberi 
Et  subiti  casus  improvidus,  ad  coenam  si 


this  untimely  end,  his  unconscious  do- 
mestics are  making  preparations  for  his 
meal  and  his  previous  bath.'  LU, 

262.  Ipugenu  podtoflammoi  exnueitat 
aura;  Ov.  F.  ▼.  607.  K. 

'  Makes  a  clatter.'  '  The  scrapers* 
were  of  metal  and  were '  oiled*  to  prevent 
their  hurtiug  the  skin.  GR, 

263.  For  Urigilibut.  GR.  Pers.  v. 
126.  PR. 

^  Guttut  was  '  an  oil  flask'  made  of 
horn,  with  a  narrow  neck,  which 
dropped  the  oil  over  the  body  after 
bathing.  PR.  LU. 

264.  Pueros  '  the  servanU.'  ^mv)  Xi  m 

»«}  k^^  «i  v(*rv,  Sv  »«}  uxn^irtTr  %4t9 

^tk  r)  rnt  *mitnnt  fiXi*m$  urn^irfirtMr 
EusUth.  on  Hom.  11.  A  p,  438.  St  Luke 
zii.45. 5L.  vi.  151.  Hor.  I  Od.  xxxviii.  1. 
Gar^on,  in  French,  itruUeur  dans  un 
limt.  publie.  Our  own  word  knave 
originally  signified  '  a  boy/  and  after- 
wards *  a  servant;'  both  which  senses  are 
now  obsolete. 

IIU  ue.  tervuhu  infilix  according  to 
most  Commentators:  but  see  note  on 
L62. 

266.  Cf.  ii.  149  sqq.  Virg.  iE.  vi. 
313  sqq.  Prop.  II.  xxvii.  13  sq.  R. 
'  He  takes  a  seat,  (because  he  has  a 
hundred  years  to  wait,  PR.)  on  the 
banks  of  the  Styx  or  Acheron.'  PL 

Nomeiut  *  by  the  end  of  the  century 
he  will  become  used  to  the  grim  ferry- 
man :'  but  amne  iemttum  pro  magnifico : 
Tac.  rrvyf«o  iu)  x»^(Mm  MM/Mvrtf 
Theoc.  xvii.  49.  Sen.  H.  F.  764  sqq. 
R. 


266.  PcrtitoT  horrendu$  Urribili  tqua- 
lort  Charon  ;  turhidut  cento  gttrgtt ;  Virg. 

'  He  has  no  hopes,'  because  be  is 
unburied.  R. 

Tune  a  In  OS  primum  fluvii  sewere 
eavatas ;  Virg.  G.  i.  136.  tcrrentem  un- 
dam  Uvis  innalat  alnus  missa  Pado ;  Id. 
ii.  460  sq.  R. 

267.  Trims  is  here  put  for  elMuu 
Luc.  Dial.  Mort.  9.  cf.  Dtod.  ii.  6.  PR, 
Prop.  IV.  xi.  7,  It  was  the  fare  for  the 
passage,  naulum  ;  viii.  97.  M^  rof  j^tX^y 
%X**^  ^^  «r«^^  mmrmfiMkur  Luc.  Cat. 
18.  R.  Tbis  idle  notion  the  Romans 
had  adopted  from  the  Greeks;  though 
not  a  general  custom,  the  vulgar  adhered 
to  it  most  scrupulously,  and  dreaded 
nothing  more  t|>an  being  consigned  to 
the  grave  without  their  farthing.  G. 

268.  Now  follows  an  animated  and 
faithful  picture  of  the  evils  of  night: 
these  are  nearly  the  same  in  every  over- 
grown capital,  which  is  not  protected  by 
a  night-watch  or  a  vigilant  police.  G. 

269.  The  higher  the  house  the  greater 
the  danger.  LU»  quum  ana  eompianat4B 
reeipere  non  possetit  tantum  mtdtitudmem 
ad  habitandum  in  Urbe,  ad  auxUium 
eoaeii  sunt  Romani  ad  aUitudintm  ti^ium 
dtvsnire ;  Vitr.  ACH, 

270.  '  The  potsherd.'  M. 

Curta  *  mutilated,  broken  ;*  Ov.  F.  ii. 
646.  R. 

271.  <  From  the  force  with  which 
they  come  upon  the  flint  pavement,  you 
may  judge  a  fortiori  of  the  little  chance 
your  iiead  would  have.'  PR^ 

272.  *  Remiss.' 

273.  '  Going  out  in  the  et ening  is  a 
service  of  such  danger.' 


8AT.  III.  OF  JUVENAL.  (>5 

Intestatus  eas«     Adeo  tot  fata,  quot  ilia 
275  Nocte  patent  vigiles,  te  prsetereunte,  fencstrse. 
Ergo  optes  votumque  feras  miserabile  tecum, 
Ut  sint  contentae  patulas  defundere  pelves. 

Ebrius  ac  petulans,  qui  nullum  forte  cecidit, 
Dat  pcenas,  noetem  patitur  lugentis  amicum 
280  Pelidae,  cubat  in  faciem,  mox  deinde  supinus.'' 
Ergo  non  aliter  poterit  dormire  ?  "  Quibusdam 
Somnum  rixa  faeit :  sed  quamvis  improbus  annis 
Atque  mero  fervens,  cavet  hune,  quem  coccina  Isena 
Vitari  jubet  et  comitum  lon^ssimus  ordo, 

274.  *  So  clear  it  is  that  :*  adeo  quanta  279.  '  He  passes  as  restless  a  night  as 
rtrum  minus,  tanto  minus  eupidilatis  erat ;  Achilles  mourning  the  loss  of  Patroclus.' 
Ut.  pr.  F.     Quot  sunt  cotjhjtb  plumte,     LU, 

tot  vigil €s  oeuU  subter ;  Virg.  i£.  iv.  280.  'AXXtrMvj  <rXfv««f  ««ra«i/^iMf. 

181  iq.  &kk4Ti  V  uurt  STri$f,  «XX«ri  2i  ^^tif^f 

275.  Vigilis  *  where  the  inmates  are  rirs  ^  i^9U  ita^retf  «.  r.  X.  Horn.  11.  n 
awake  :'  LU.  ^sptrvigiUs  popince  ;  viii.  10  sqq.  PR.   Sen.  de  Tr.  Ad.  2.  IL 
158.  vigiUt  lucerna;  tioT,  III  Od.  viii.  281.  Ergo  &c.     This  seems  to  be  a 
14.  it.  question  on  the  part  of  Juvenal.   LU, 

276.  Tu  freee poseii emaei ;  Pers.  ii.3.  cf.  Plant.  Amph.  I.  i.  PR.     The  verse 
because  in  a '  vow  there  is  a  sort  of  bar-  is  probably  spurious ;  it  miglit  be  omitted 
gain  made  with  the  deity  or  party  to  without  prejudice  to  the  sense.  UK. 
whom  it  is  addressed.  GR»  282.  This  is  very  similar  to  a  parage 

Fgrm  tseumi  Quint.  Decl.iii.p.38.  R.  in  the  Proverbs:   "  Enter  not  into  the 

277.  '  You  are  willing  to  compound  path  of  the  wicked,  and  go  not  in  the  way 
for  tbe  contents  of  the  pots  and  slop-  of  evil  men  ;  for  they  sleep  not  except 
paik,  fo  that  the  utensils  themselves  are  they  have  done  mischief;  and  their  sleep 
not  laauched  on  your  head.'  Understand  is  taken  away  unless  they  cause  some  to 

fematnt.  GO.  fall ;"  iv.  14.  16.  PR. 

PtUnn  *  foot-paos'  srtlaNsrrii^ff,    VS.  Improhus  *  daring:;'  Viri;.  .-E.  xi.  512. 

which  were  not  applied  to  that  purpose  R.   0/  tU*  ret  tl^n  M  ^iX«wK«r    vTt^0^fis 

exclunvelv :  M.  but  Utpuip  rt  »mi  Utv^iup  yit^  WJufiti  h  nims'    h  ^\  fitn  uv-i^^^^n 

umi  wQms  lM«it»*^iv#«<*  Her.  ii.  172.  nf.  xui  iviXxthg    StVi^  yao  at  •Iw/Aivti. 

278.  A  vivid  picture  it  now  presented  tdrtt  ^io^i^/mj  nVt?  at  fiat  vro  rns  tpuviats. 
of  the  wanton  insults  to  which  the  poor  ««)  atfl^ttart^at  iuft^us  yoL^  xeti  ivixiri^ic 
were  eiposed  from  the  midnight  frolics  J?  ra  /aU  fih  ^a^itvitu  ro  fi  taffth,  vatu' 
of  drunken  bullies.  Nero  was  one  of  the  wti  yk^  a^ytT^ifAitat  avh)s  ^a^ttrxr  ra  n 
first  of  these  disturbers  of  the  public  U«'i^iiv  Aya^at  rt.  taf^a\%a9  Uri  xa)  rk 
peaee.  Tac.  ziii.  25.  Suet.  Ner.  26.  Jtimnfaatrai  aitxavn*  tig  Sfi^ir  Arist.  lib. 
Uoder  shelter  of  bis  example  private  II.  xiv.  2. 

persons  took  the  opportunity  to  annoy  283.  '  He  has  just  sense  enough  left. 

the  public :  every  quarter  was  filled  with  to  steer  clear  of  the  scarlet  cloak  which 

Cnmolt    and    disonler,  and   Rome,   at  markstherich  nobleman.' L (7.  vii.  135  sq. 

night,  resembled  a  city  taken  by  storm  :  vi.  246.  ^Xauta,  hifacinthina  Utna  :  Pers. 

dDio.  OtbOfCommodus,  Heliogabalus,  i.   32.     Ti^rwijue  ardebat  murice  tatui; 

Venu,  &c.  were  also  addicted  to  the  Virg.  iE.iv.  262.  VS.  R.  From  the  cloak 

nme  bmtal  joke.     Suet.  0th.  2.    Plin.  being   worn,  we  may  infer  that  these 

ziiL  22  f  43.     Xiph.  G.  R,  PR.  outrages  were  more  common  in  the  long 

'  He  looks  upon  it  as  a  very  bad  night's  winter  nights.  IIK, 

sport  unlets  he  had  thrashed  somebody  ;  284.  Comitum ;  i.  46,  note.  fiXarawg 

so  that  he  cannot  sleep  for  vexation.'  tirt^fat.  fiixxa*   Ti   hyiir6at,   bra    rut 

JAJm  *  •tMirSf  vf^av^ai/ittaf  xa) Sv^it  7ttei  ira/ixht 

K 


66  THE  SATIRES  sat.  hi. 

• 

285  Multum  prseterea  flammarum  et  aenea  lampas 
Me,  quern  luna  solet  deducere  vel  breve  lumen 
XJandelee,  cujus  dispense  et  tempero  filum, 
Contemnit.     Miserse  cognosce  prooemia  rixse, 
Si  rixa  est,  ubi  tu  pulsas,  ego  vapulo  tantum. 

290  Stat  contra  starique  jubet ;  parere  necesse  est. 
Nam  quid  agas,  quum  te  furiosus  cogat  "et  idem 
Fortior?  "  Unde  venis?'  exclamat;  "  Cujus  aceto, 
Cujus  conche  tumes  ?  Quis  tecum  sectile  porrum 
Sutor  et  elixi  vervecis  labra  comedit? 

295  Nil  mihi  respondes  ?  Aut  die,  aut  accipe  calcem  ! 
Ede,  ubi  consistas :  in  qua  te  quaero  proseucha  ?" 
Dicere  si  tentes  aliquid  tacitusve  recedas, 
Tantumdem  est ;  feriunt  pariter :  vadimonia  delude 

«MtrXii^0virr«*    Luc.  r.  r.  I.  fMa$.  ftnirr.  Acetum  *  sour  wine*'  PR.  see  SL,  OQ 

10.  It  Sli»f. 

285.  '  Flambeaux  and  a  bronze  can-  293.  '  Beans  boiled  in  the  shell :'  a 
delabrum.'  LU.  These  were  the  ex*  common  dish  among  the  poorer  people, 
elusive  insignia  of  the  rich  :  the  latter  which  was  ver^  filling.  Mart.  V.  xxxit. 
was  carried  before  tribunes;  Piin.  xxxiv.  10.  V^II.  Ixxviii.  2.  XIII.  viL  PJR.  xiv. 
2.  PR,  Cic.  Ver.  IV.  26.  K.  In  Guern-  131.  inflantes  corporafabtB ;  Ov.  F.  Med. 
sey,  persons  of  the  first  class  in  society  70.  R. 

are  distinguished  at  night  by  having  two  There  were  two  kinds  of  leek,  seetUe 

candles  carried  in  their  lanterns ;  whereas  and  capitatum :  Plin.  xx.  6.  G  R.  BRI,  of 

others  have  but  one.  which  the  former  was  the  coarser  sort. 

286.  •  To  escort  on  my  way.*  PR.  cf.  xiv.  133.  M. 

287.  His  trimming  and  parting  the  294.  Suror  is  used  for  any  low  fellow;  as 
wick,  to  prevent  his  rushlight's  going  out  eerdo,  iv.  153.  viii.  182.  R.  Mart.  III.  lix. 
or  burning  too  fast,  VS.  would  probably  Sheep*s  heads  were  among  the  parts 
hasten  the  catastrophe  he  was  so  anxious  given  away  to  the  poor,  LU.  at  the  Sa- 
to avoid :  BRI.  Zifrangere  dum  metuis,  turnalia  and  other  festivals.   F.   Mart. 

frangis  crystaUma ;  peccant  seeura  nimitim  XIV.  ccxi.   PR. 

toUicitceque    manus;     Mart.  XIV.  cxi.  295.  '  Speaker  be  kicked.*  G.  trrn 

[Livy  xxvii,  50.  3.  ED.]  Sfi^ig  ri  fixdwrtn  met)  Xuruf  if  Jt  mUxv^n 

288.  '  The  prelude  of  the  frav.'  LIT.  Ur)  rtf  vAfx^^n,  /a^  1m  ri  yUnrm  m^tf 
cf.  v.  26  sqq.  xv.  5 1  soq.  r«v  maxms  Xiytn  &\X.*  4  «  r<  lyUtrt,  «XA.*  trmt  Si^ffi-  Arist. 
yitf  A^X^  yiuT.    it  &  tfvi^f  StuJ^,  titivf  Rh.  II.  ii.  3. 

&vTn*»u^af   if^ti  k0tl«^tTffien  ktivtreu.  iJr»  296. '  Tell  me  where  you  take  up  your 

ru^rtvfittt  Viiu^rm  tea.)  ^a^tntiv.    ravrtt  Stand  :*  implying  that  he  was  one  of  the 

yk^  »«ra  ^vriv   vt^uxiv  •vrti^  xai  ri  fraternity  of  regular  beggars.  Af.   comu- 

fUtnm  T^u ;  Alex,  in  Ath.  x.  5.  R.  tere  ;  Plaut.  Cure.  IV.  i.  R.  WMriv;^*) 

289.  '  Where  the  beating  is  all  on  one  were  Jewish  oratories  or  houses  ot  prayer t 
side.'  M.  Ego  vaputando,  iUe  verberando,  VS.  which  were  usually  built  without  the 
HMque  ambo  defessi  sumus ;  Ter.  Ad.  II.  ii.  walls  of  a  town  by  the  nver  or  sea  side. 
5.  VS.  SL.   See  notes  on  13  sqq.  iv.  117.   This 

291.  'A^fwf  V  ary  Wt^M  v^t  u(tiff0f»s  is  an  insinuation  that  the  poor  man  was 
avr»^i;/^i/v*  fUns  Tt  fri^truit  vr^ig  r  not  only  a  beggar,  but  (what  was  worse) 
aUx*^tf  SiKytci  vd^x"'  ^^^'  O.  D,  210     a  vagabond  Jew.  MNS. 

sq.  ACH.  297.  Si  for  five.  LU. 

292.  These  insolent  questions  are  put,  298.  *  'Tis  all  one.'  AT.  pariter  '  just 
in  hopes  to  pick  a  quarrel.  PR.  jurgii  the  same  «  whether  jou  speak  or  no.  R. 
causam  intuUt ;  Pbsd.  I.  i.  4.  see  note  on  litems'  Her.  vii.  120. 


SAT.  III.  OF  JUVENAL.  67 

Irati  fiEununt.     Libertas  pauperis  haec  est : 
900  Pulsatus  rogat  et  pugnis  eoncisus  adorat, 

Ut  liceat  paucb  cum  dentibus  inde  reverti. 
Nee  tamen  haec  tantum  metuas:  nam,  qui  spoliet  te, 

Non  deerit,  clausis  domibus  postquam  omnis  ubique 

FixB.  catenatce  siluit  compago  tabernae. 
305  Interdum  et  ferro  subitus  grassator  agit  rem, 
-    Armato  quoties  tutae  custode  tenentur 

Et  Pomtina  palus  et  Gallinaria  pinus. 

Sic  inde  hue  omnes,  tamquam  ad  vivaria,  currunt. 

Qua  fomace  graves,  qua  non  incude  catenae? 
810  Maximus  in  vinclis  ferri  modus,  ut  timeas,  ne 


'  Theo  thev  pretend  to  be  the  part^  sequence  of  which  was,  that  they  escaped 

aggriered,  and  insist  on  your  finding  bail  in  vast  numbers  to  Rome,  where  tney 

lor  the  aasmnlu'  LU,  continued  to  exercise  their  old  trade  of 

^  299.  '  Counterfeiting  a  violent  pas-  plunder  and  blood,  and,  probably,  with 

sion/  3L   t^rm  i  «^.  «J»i|if  f^trk  Xvitns  more  security  and  effect  than  before.  G. 

fMM  rin   uf  «&v)»  A  ttg  mvrtu  r/M^,  /mi  307.  '  The  Poroptine  marsh*  in  Cam- 

Wf0nuu9r»0t'  Ar.  Kh.  11.  iu  1.  sic  Jielis  pania  (pestifera  Pomthii  uligine  campi; 

cmusi*  imnoeentet  opprimunt;  Pbsed.  I.  i.  Sil.  viii.  381.  Mart.  X.  Ixxiv.  10.  Xlll. 

15.  cxiL)  was   first  drained,   partially,  by 

'  This  b  yonr  boasted  liberty!'  M.  Ap.  Claudius,  A.  U.  441.  then  more 

300.  With  rogat  understand  veniam*  completely  by  Corn.  Cethegus,  A.  U. 
LU,  590.  (Liv.  Ep.  xlvi.) :  Julius  Caesar  in- 

Adarat '  humbly  prays.'  IL  tended  to  execute  this  among  other  public 

301.  '  That  the  gentleman  will  be  so  works  (Suet  44.);  and  Augustas  j>artly 
good  as  not  to  knock  out  al  1  his  teeth.'  carried  his  intention  into  effect.  ( Hor.  A. 
PR,  P.  65.)     The   work  was  resumed   by 

302.  Now  oome  the  dangers  from  rob-  Trajan  (Dio),  by  Thcodoric  (Cassiod. 
bers.  LU,  V.  E.  ii.  32  sq  ),  and  in  later  times  by 

308.  All  the  houses  being  shut  up  and  Sixtus  V  and  Pius  VI.     But  after  all 

the  tbopt  closed,  there  is  no  help  to  be  that  has  been  done,  its  vapours  are  too 

kad.  LU,   [Livy  zxiii,  25,  1.  ED.]  deleterious  to  admit  of  any  persons  now 

304.  The  shutters  were  fastened  by  a  harbouring  there.  PR,  GE.  AN,  R,  G. 
strong  iron  chain  running  through  each  '  The  Gallinarian  foreitt'  was  in  the 
of  tliem.  F5.  Burglary  was  one  of  Nero's  same   neighbourhood:    Skn  &tvi^$t  »») 
scandalous  practices:  <al»emti2as  0<tam^-  kfAitM^m,  h  TaXXsta^mt  Sxti9  MmX$wr. 
/ringgre €t  expitare :  quintana  domi consti-  Stiab.  v.  p.  16B.  Cic.  Div.  iv.  23.   U. 

tiUa,  ubi  porta  tt  ad  licitatUmem  divi-  308.  Ffoaria;  iv. 51. 'preserves, stews, 

demia  pndda  pretium  a$tumeretur ;  Suet  or  vivaries  :'  M.  Hor.  I  £p.  i.  79.  R, 

26.  LU,  Tac  A.  xiii.  25.  R.  '  VVhere  they  will  have  abundance  of 

305.  '  A  bandit  or  bravo'  LU,  '  does  sport;'  GR.  or  *  where  they  will  fatten.' 
your  bnsineaa.'  3f.  cf.   Suet.  Aug.  32.  LU. 

43.  R,  309.  <  Though   there  is  no  forge  or 

306.  When  the  banditti  became  so  anvil  but  hogs  with  the  clank  of  chains  : 
Bnmeroui  in  any  spot,  as  to  render  tra-  yet  all  is  ineffectual  for  the  suppression 
▼eUiOg  dangerous,  it  was  usual  to  detach  of  crime.'  LU, 
a  purtT  of  military  from  the  capital  to  310.  Modus    *  proportion,    quantity.' 


icoar 


taeir  retroats;  the  inevitable  con-     Understand  c(m«u7/i if ur.  LU, 


()8 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  III. 


Vomer  deficiat,  ne  niarrss  et  sarcula  desint. 
Felices  proavorum  atayos,  felieia  dicas 
Saecula,  quae  quondam  sub  regibus  atque  tribunis 
Viderunt  uno  contentam  carcere  Romam  ! 

315       His  alias  poteram  et  plures  subnectere  causas; 
Sed  jumenta  vocant  et  sol  inclinat:  eundum  est. 
Nam  mihi  commota  jam  dudum  mulio  virga 
Adnuit.     Ergo  vale  nostri  memor  et,  quoties  te 
Roma  tuo  refici  properantem  reddet  Aquino, 

320  Me  quoque  ad  Helvinam  Cererem  vestramque  Dianam 
Convelle  a  Cumis.     Satirarum  ego,  ni  pudet  illas, 
Adjutor  gelidos  veniam  caligatus  in  agros/' 


311.*  Mattocks  and  hoes/  I'he  f  o  r- 
mer  word  still  exists  in  Italian  and 
Spanish  ;  marrtf  in  French,  denotes  the 
hoe  used  in  vineyards :  II,  and  from  the 
latter  word  comes  our  English  verb 
s  A  ROLE,  •  to  weed  corn/ 

312.  Cf.  ziii.  34  sqq.  R.  Patert  aius, 
proavuSf  abavut,  atavtis,  tritavut ;  Plant. 
Pers.  I.  ii.  5.  F.  the  seventh  generation 
would  be  tritavi  pater,  and  the  next 
proavi  atavus.  It  b  here  put  for  '  our 
forefathers'  indefinitely.  iVf. 

313.  The  military  tribunes  with  con- 
sular power  were  first  appointed  A.  U. 
3 10,  sixty-five  years  after  the  abolition  of 
the  regal  government :  (Liv.  iv.  7.)  VS, 
and  tribunes  of  the  commons,  sixteen 
years  after  the  same  event.  (Liv.  ii.  33.) 
LU.  Augustus  and  the  other  emperors 
assumed  to  themselves  the  latter  title.  R» 
On  (he  tribunicia  potestoi  see  CAR,Ij, 
ix.  p.  226  sqq. 

314.  This  prison  was  built  by  Ancus 
Marcius;  Liv.  i.  33.  CR.  Servius  Tul- 
lius  added  the  dungeon,  called  from  him 
TuUiannm ;  Calp.  Decl.  5.  Tac  A.  iv. 
29.  Ll\  Sail.  B.  C.  68.  VS,    The  next 

Srison  was  built  by  Ap.  Claudius  the 
ecemvir.  Liv.  iii.  57.  Plin.  vii.  36.  V. 
Paterc  i.  9.  R. 

315.  '  Causes  for  leaving  Rome.'  LU, 

316.  '  They  summon  me  to  be  mov- 
ing.* LU.v.lO.  PR, 

The  carriage,  as  soon  as  it  was  loaded, 
set  out  and  overtook  Umbricius;  and 
now  it  either  was  waiting,  Af.  or  had 
got  some  distance  on  the  road.  R. 

Inclinare  meridiem  tentis;  Hor.  IIL  Od. 
xxviii.  58q.  M,  [Livy  zxv,  34,  6.  ED,} 


317.  '  The  muleteer  gives  a  hint,  by 
smacking  his  whip.'  LU,  viii.  153.  R. 

318.  &is  licet  fclixiUlAaimquemavUtet 
memor  nostri,  Gaiatea,  vivas;  Hor.  ITI 
Od.  XX  vii.  13  sq.  M. 

319.  Poets  were  fond  of  periodical 
retirement  into  the  quiet  and  repose  of  the 
country:  me  quoties  refieit  gelidus 
Digentia  rivus,  Aquinum,  a  town  of  the 
Volscians,  was  the  birth-place  of  Juvenal. 
VS, 

320.  Ceres  and  Diana  were  especially 
worshipped  at  Aquinum  :  therefore  they 
here  stand  for  the  town  itself.  The  origin 
of  the  epithet '  Helvine'  is  uncertain:  (1) 
from  the  Helvii,  a  people  of  Gaul ;  Caes. 
B.  G.  vii.  7.  75.  B.  C.  i.  35.  Plin.  iii.  4. 
xiv.  3.  VS.  (2)  from  a  fountain  of  the 
name  in  the  vicinity ;  PR,  (3)  and  the 
name  of  this,  Eluinus,  from  '  washing  off 
contaminations  previously  to  initiation:' 
LU,  or  (4)  from  the  *  yellow  (helvus) 
colour'  of  the  ears  of  com.  SCO,  BRO. 
Helvus  is  akin  to  gilvtu  *  dun.'  in  tij» 
mology  and  in  signification :  both  the  ini- 
tials are  blended  m the  Dutch  gheleuwt* 
"  A  sweaty  reaper  from  his  tillage  brought 
First  fruits,  the  green  ear  and  the  yel- 
low sheaf;"  Milton  P.  L.  xi. ^oo 
Ceret ;  Virg.  G,  i.  96. 

321.  Conve/(e  cf.  223. 
Cumis  cf.  2.  PR. 

*  Unless  they  scorn  my  noor  help.'  7. 

322.  Aquinum  was  *  cool  from  its  hills, 
woods,  and  streams.  PR, 

Caligatus  '  in  military  boots ;'  LU, 
BRL  '  equipped  for  our  campaign  ;*  PR^ 
HO,  «  armed  at  all  points.'  M.  G.  Dio 
says  that  Caligula  wort  the  shoe  fsfOfk 


SAT.  III.  OF  JUVENAL.  69 

wbidi  he  derived  bis  name,  to  mark  his  Umbricius,  the  tender  farewell  he  takes 

rconndatioD  of  his  former  town  shoes;  of  his  friend,  the  compliment  he  intro- 

A»r2  rin  kwrtuSw  ^wt^nptA^mf*  Umbri<  duces  to  hit  abilities,  and  the  affectionate 

cios  nay  here  avow  a  similar  determio-  hint  he  throws  out,  that,  in  spite  of  his 

atioB.     He  promises  that  he  will  not  attachment  to  Cumae,  Juvenal  may  com- 

appear  in  shoes  of  a  town  make ;  that  mand  his  assistance  in  the  noble  task  in 

there  shall  be  nothing  about  him,  even  which  he  is  engaged,  all  contribute  to 

on  his  feet,  to  remind  Juvenal  of  the  leave  a  pleasing  impression  of  melan- 

detested  city.  J.    *'  In  country  shoes  Til  choly  on   the  mind,   and  interest    the 

come."  BM.  reader  deeply  in  the  fate  of  this  neg- 

There  is  something  exquisitely  beauti-  lected,  but  virtuous  and  amiable  exile, 

ful  in  this  conclusion.  The  little  circum-  G. 
stances  which  accelerate  the  departure  of 


SATIRE    IV. 


ARGUMENT. 

In  this  Satire,  which  was  prohably  written  under  Nerva,  Jurenal  indulges 
his  honest  spleen  against  two  most  distinguished  culprits ;  Crispinus, 
already  noticed  in  his  first  Satire,  I — 21,  and  Domitian,  the  constant 
object  of  his  scorn  and  abhorrence,  28 — 149. 

The  sudden  transition  from  the  shocking  enormities  of  Crispinus,  1 — 10, 
to  his  gluttony  and  extravagance,  1 1  sqq.  is  certainly  inartificial,  but 
appears  necessary  in  some  degree  to  the  completion  of  the  Poet's  design, 
the  introduction  of  Domitian,  28. 

The  whole  of  the  latter  part  is  excellent.  The  mock  solemnity  with  which 
the  anecdote  of  the  enormous  turbot  is  introduced,  37  sqq.  the  pro- 
cession, or  rather  the  rush,  of  the  affrighted  counsellors  to  the  palace, 
75  sqq.  and  the  ridiculous  debate  119  sqq.  (as  to  whether  the  fish  should 
be  dressed  whole  or  not,  130)  which  terminates  in  as  ridiculous  a  deci- 
sion, 136  sqq.  (that  a  dish  should  be  made  for  it,  131,  according  to  the 
sage  advice  of  Montanus) — all  show  a  masterly  hand. 

We  have,  indeed,  here  a  vivid  picture  of  the  state  of  the  empire  under  the 
suspicious  and  gloomy  tyranny  of  Domitian ;  of  his  oppressive  system 
of  espionage  and  rapacity,  of  his  capricious  severity  and  trifling,  and  of 
the  gross  adulation  in  which  all  cluses  sought  a  precarious  security. 

Many  masterly  touches  are  given  in  the  brief  allusions  to  the  character 
and  conduct  of  the  chief  courtiers  as  they  pass  in  review :  the  weak  but 
well-meaning  Pegasus,  stoic,  and  bailiff  of  Rome,  75  sqq.  Crispus  the 
complaisant  old  epicure  and  wit,  81  sqq.  Acilius,  and  his  ill-fated  young 
companion,  94  sqq.  Rubrius  the  low-born  ruffian,  104  sqq.  Montanus  the 
unwieldy  glutton,  107.  Crispinus  the  perfumed  debauchee,  108  sq. 
Pompeius  the  merciless  sycophant,  109  sq.  Fuscus  the  luxurious  and 
incompetent  general.  111  sq.  Catullus  the  blind  hypocrite,  extravagant 
in  his  praises  of  the  finny  monster,  1 13  sqq.  and  Veiento  the  timeserving 
fortune-teller,  113.  123  sqq. 

And  we  cannot  but  admire  the  indignant  and  high-spirited  apostrophe, 
with  which  our  Poet  concludes,  reflecting  on  the  servile  tameness  of  the 
patricians  as  contrasted  with  the  indignant  vengeance  of  the  lower 
orders,  150 — 154.  an  apostrophe  which  under  some  of  the  emperors 
would  be  fatal,  and  under  none  of  them  safe.  G.  R. 


SAT.  IV.  THE  SATIRES  OF  JUVENAL.  71 


£cc£  iterum  Crispinus  I  et  est'mihi  saepe  vocandus 
Ad  partes,  monstrum  nulla  virtute  redemtum 
A  vitiis,  seger  solaque  libidine  fortis : 
Delicias  viduse  tantum  aspernatur  adulter. 
5  Quid  refert  igitur,  quantis  jumenta  fatiget 

Porticibus  ?  quanta  nemorum  vectetur  in  umbra  ? 
Jugera  quot  vieina  foro,  quas  emerit  aedes  ? 
Nemo  malus  felix ;  minime  corrupter  et  idem 
Incestus,  cum  quo  nuper  vittata  jacebat 
10  Sanguine  adhuc  vivo  terram  subitura  sacerdos. 


1.  Ecee  denotes  surprise.  LU.  ecce  7.  Land  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of 
CrispinuM  minima  me  provocat ;  Kor.  P  S.  the  forum  was  of  course  exorbitantly  dear. 
IT.  13  sq.  K.  LU,  cf.  i.  105  sc].  Af.    The  forum  of 

'AgaiQ'i.26.LC^.  uoderstaodaJeii.  A.  Augustus,  which  is  here  meant,  was  the 

Mild  for  a  me,  VS.  most  frequented  part  of  Rome,  i.  192: 

2.  A  metaphor  from  the  theatre,  in  therefore  the  purchase  of  property  in  land 
which  actors  were  called  when  it  was  or  houses  near  this  spot  shows  the  enor- 
tkeir  tarn  to  appear  on  the  stage.  VS,  mous  wealth  of  this  oaious  upstart.  There 
Herman  ad  parte*  j)araio$\  Liv.  iii.  10.  is  also,  probably,  a  covert  allusion  to  his 
12.  '  A  slaye  to  vice  with  no  one  re-  presumption  in  imitating  the  Cssars 
deemii^  yirtue.*  LU,  cf.  Pers.  v.  Pii.  whose  palace  and  gardens  of  many  acres 

3. '  Feeble  both  in  body  and  mind.'  R.  were  in  this  immediate  neighbourhood.  G. 

lui  vuld  atque  eipoliti  et  nutquam,  8.  Nemo  potest  esse  f  el  ii  tine  virtute; 

niti  iu  libidine,virii  Sen.  Cont.  i.  Cic. "  Virtue  alone  is  happiness  below  ;*' 

p.  62.  R.  Pope  Ess.  on  Man,  iv.  310.    "  Virtue 

4. '  To  corrupt  virgin  innecence,  to  in>  must  be  the  happine8S,and  vice  the  misery. 

Tide  the  sanctity  o£  the  marriage  bed,  of  every  creature;"  Bp  Butler  Intr.  to 

is  his  delight :    intrigues  with  widows,  Aual.    See  also  Lord  Shaftesbury's  Inq. 

therefore,  have  too  litUe  turpitude  in  them  concerning  Virtue,  pt.  II. 

to  gratify  his  singular  depravity.'  G.  9.  Such  was  the  respect  for  religion, 

5.  Nam  grave  quid  prodeit  pondus  that  the  seducer  of  '  a  vestal  virgin'  was 

aiiln  divUis  auri?    arvaque  li  Jindant  considered  '  guilty  of  incest,' and  placed 

pinguiamiUebif9ei?quidvedomutprodett  upon  a  par,  m  criminality,  with  the  vio- 

Pkrygm  innixa  eolumnis?  et  nemora  in  lator  of  all  natural  decorum.  G.     The 

damnlna  saerat  imitantia  lucosl   et  q%ut  guilty  vestal  was  also  considered  tnceita ; 

ptfpulut  miraturJ    Non  opibus  Ov.  F.  vi.  459. 


linum  eurceque  levantur ;  Tib.  Priestsand  priestesses  wore  fillets  round 

III.  in.  11  &c.  K.  the  head.  LU. 

The    luxurious    Romans    built  Hong  Nutlaque  dicetur  vittai  temerasse  sa- 

covered  ways  in  their  grounds,  that  they  eerdoe,  nee  viva  defodietur  humo; 

might  not  be  deprived  of  their  exercise  in  Ov.  F.  vi.  457  sq.  iii.  30.  R. 

had  weather:   see  yii.  178—181.  LU,  10.  This  solemnity  is  thus  described 

MarL  I.  xiii.  5  sqq.  V.  xx.  8.  Plin.  £p.  by  Plutarch  :  At  the  CoUine  gate  within 

V.  6.  17.  J?.  the  city,  there  was  a  subterranean  cavern, 

Eqttaefatigat;  Virg.  M.  i.  316.  GR,  in  which  were  placed  a  bed,  a  lamp,  a 

6.  Quad  Uia   pcrticui  verna  semper  1  pitcher  of  water,  and  a  loaf.    The  of- 

mnd  iUa  molUe  gestmtio  ?  Plin.  £p.  i.  3.  fender  was  then  bound  alive  upon  a  bier, 

PR.  and  carried  through  the  forum  with  great 

Nemora'  shrubberies  and  groves.'  Piin.  silence  and  horror.     When  they  reached 

Ep.  ii.  17.   LL    nemut  inter  pulera  the  place  of  interment,  the  bier  was  set 

ssfwB  lecta;  Hor.  Ill  Od.  x.  5  sq.  R,  down,  and  the  poor  wretch  unbound ;  a 


7*2  THE  SATIRES  sat.  iv. 

Sed  nunc  de  factis  levioribus :  et  tamen  alter 
Si  fecisset  idem,  caderet  sub  judice  moruni. 
Nam  quod  turpe  bonis,  Titio  Seioque,  decebat 
Crispinum.     Quid  agas,  quum  dira  et  foedior  omni 
15  Crimine  persona  est  ?  MuUum  sex  miUibus  emit, 
i^quantem  sane  paribus  sestertia  libris, 
Ut  perhibent,  qui  de  magnis  majora  loquuntur. 
Consilium  laudo  artifieis,  si  munere  tanto 
Prsecipuam  in  tabulis  eeram  senis  abstulit  orbi. 

ladder  was  then  brought,  by  which  the  de-  plentiful  and  cheap,  but  seldom  weighed 

scended  into  the  excavation  ;  when,  upon  above  2Ibs.    In  proportion  as  they  ex- 

a  signal  given,  the  ladder  was  suddenly  ceeded  this  they  grew  valuable,  till  at 

withdrawn,  and  the  mouth  of  the  cavity  last  they  reached  the  sum  mentioned  in 

completely  filled  up  with  stones,  earth,  &c  the  text  (about  £50),  and  even  went  be- 

Num.  67.  Whether  the  vestal  debauched  vond  it.    The  fish  seems  to  have  grown 

by  Crispinus  actually  suffered  is  doubtful.  larger  in  the  decline  of  the  empire,  as  if 

But  Domitian  did  put  Cornelia  and  seve-  to  humour  the  caprice  of  this  degenerate 

ral  others  to  death.  Suet.  8.  Dionys.  ii.  people.     Horace  thought  a  surmullet  of 

65.  viii.  90.  LU,  PR,  G,  R.  see  Mar-  olbs.  something  quite  out  of  the  common 

mion,  cant.  ii.  note  17.  way;  the  next  reign  furnished  one  of 

11.  Understand  agimus,  PR,  441b8!  here  we  have  one  of  61b6! !  and 

12.  *  And  yet  anv  other  individual  we  read  elsewhere  of  others  larger  still; 
would  forfeit  his  life  to  our  imperial  one  of  801bs ! ! !  (unless  there  be  an  error 
censor  for  a  like  offence.'  Plin.  Ep.  iv.  in  the  figures)  was  caught  in  the  Red 
11.  LU.  As  Celer,  who  was  guilty  of  Sea ;  Plin.  ix.  18.  They  seem  afterwards 
incest  with  Cornelia,  (see  above)  was  to  have  gone  out  of  fashion,  for  Macro- 
scourged  to  death.  PR,  Liv.  xxii.  57.  R.  bins  speaking  with  indignation  of  one  that 
On  the  censorship  exercised  by  Domitian  was  purchased  in  the  reign  of  Claudius 
{Censor  maxime  prineipumque  prineeps ;  by  Asinius  Celer  for  56/.  lOt.  adds  pretia 
Mart.  VI.  iv.  PA.)  see  the  notes  on  ii.  hae  intana  neseimuu  The  surmullet  of 
29sqq.  441b8.  was  one  that  was  presented  to 

Cadere  is  opposed  to  it  are  in  judicio.  Tiberius.   The  emperor  sent  it  to  market. 

And  sub  means  '  before/  as  vii.  13.  R,  observing  that    he    thought    either   P. 

13.  HU  crueem  sceUrit  pretium  tulit,  Octavius  or  Apicius  would  buy  it. 
hie  diadema;  xiii.  105.  cf.  viii.  183.  xi.  1  They  did  bid  against  each  other,  till 
sqq.  174  sqq.  Titius  and  Seins  were  fie-  it  was  knocked  down  to  the  former  for 
titious  personages,  like  our  John  Doe  £40,  cf.  23.  G. 

and  Ricnard  Roe,  and  like  them  inserted        16.  Sane  *  forsooth/  ironically.  L(7. 

in  all  law-processes:  rtitXiififut^i  tm-  Phaed.  III.  xv.  12.   A.    *  Well!    and 

T«<i  mX^Mt  »i;^^9rm  mufttg  tZwtf.  SwTt^  that  was  only  a  thousand  a  pound.' 
M  ffuK*)  vJun,  Zi{/«9,  ««}  ItTtsr  Plut.  Q.        17.  Juvenal  merely  gives  the  story  as 

R.  30.  G.  LU.  R.  he  heard  it,  without  vouching  for  its  cor- 

14.  "  When  the  actor's  person  far  ex-  rectness;  since /atna  vires  aequirit  eundo; 
ceeds,  In  native  loathsomeness,  his  foul-  Virg.  i£.  iv.  175.  GA« 

est  deeds,"  G.  <  one  is  at  a  loss  how  to        18.*  I  grant  you  his  artifice  was  praise- 
treat  him.'  M,  worthy  as  a  masterly  stroke.'    M,  cf. 

15.  V.  92.  Plin.  ix.  17.  Varr.  R.  R.     St  Luke  xvi.  8. 

iii.  17.  Cic.  Att.  ii.  1.  Parad.  5.  Ath.L         19.  Cf.  ii.  58.    PA.   praeipua  eera 

5.  vii.  21.  iv.  13.  PR.  *  Surmullet;  cf.  'the  principal  place  in  the  will'  and 

vi.  40.  Mart.  II.  xliii.  11.  VII.  Ixxvii.  conseauently  *  the  bulk  of  the  property/ 

XIII.  Ixxix.  III.  xlv.  5.  X.  xxxi.  XI.  Ii.  The  cnief  heir  was  named  in  the  second 

9.  Macr.  Sat.  ii.  12.  Suet.  Tib.  34.  A.  line  of   the    first    table.      Hor.  II   S. 

Hor.  II  S.  ii.  34.  Sen.  Kp.  95.  M.  '  A  v.  53  sq.  cf.   Suet.  Css.  83.   Ner.  17. 

mullet'  i»  mugilis.    Surmullets  were  very  A.  M. 


»AT.  IV.  OF  JUVENAL.  7:} 

20  Est  ratio  ulterior,  magnae  si  misit  amicse, 
Quae  vehitur  clauso  latis  specularibus  antro. 
Nil  tale  exspectes :  emit  sibi.     Multa  videmus, 
Quae  miser  et  frugi  non  fecit  Apicius.     Hoe  tu 
Succinctus  patria  quondam,  Crispine,  papyro  ? 

25  Hoc  pretio  squamae  ?    Potuit  fortasse  minoris 
Piscator,  quam  piscis,  emi.     Provincia  tanti 
Vendit  agros ;  sed  majores  Appulia  vendit. 
Quales  tunc  epulas  ipsum  glutisse  putemus 
Endoperatorem,  quura  tot  sestertia,  partem 

20.  '  A  still  better  reason:  for  then  he  islands,  and  the  countrymen  of  Crispinus 
woMj  obtain  her  favours  as  well  as  her  at  the  present  day,  are  said  to  wear  this 
fortune.' cf.ii.  68  sqq.P/2.iii.  129  sqcj.  JU.    sort    of   dres5.      Hear- Admiral    Perr^ 

21.  Instead  of  ^lass,  the^  usea  for  Si^y*,**  Laftrceittdeshabiiatisestpireque 
the  panes  of  their  windows  thin  plates  of  Us  sauvages ;  majeure  parlie  habiUet  en 
■ucm  or  M oacovy  talc,  which  was  called  pailU ;"  Intercepted  Letters.  G, 
Imfiitp^eutaru;  5il.  the  larger  these  panes,        25.  Understand  emuntur,  LU,  tquama, 
tbe  more  ezpemive  wonld  the  windows  contemptuously,  for  '  the  fish.'   VS, 

be.  iff.  i.  65.   Plin.  H.  N.  xxxvi.  22.  26.  Ann%u$  Celer  e  eonsularibus,  hoc 

26.  Sen.  £p.  86.  90.  de  Prov,  4.  N.  Q.  pi*ce  prodigttf,  Caio  prhieipe  unum  mer- 

hr.    13.    kibemii  fibfeeta   Notit    ipeeu-  eatus  octo  milUbiu  uumum :  qua  reputalio 

Imria  jmrm  admktunt  tales  et  tine  face  aufert  tramversum  animitm  ad  eontem- 

diem:    at   mihi  eeUa  datur,  non    tot  a  platlonem  eorumt  quiin  amquettione  lujus, 

el  mm*  fenestra;  Mart.  VIII.  xiv.  eoquos  emi  tinguhs  plurii  quam  equnt  qui- 

3     S.  Plin.  £p.  ii.   17.  PR.   R,    The  ritabant :  at  nunc  coci  triumpharum  pretiis 

ftttifc  perhapa  is  aimed  at  the  affectation  parautur  et  coquorum  pisees  \  Plin.  ix.  17. 

of  the  lady,  who  pretended  to  conceal  R, 

hofoelf  in  a  vehicle,   which,  from  its  27.    '  You  can  purchase  still  larj^er 

aplcndoor,  mint  havo  attracted  uni?ersal  estates  in  Apulia  for  the  money :  landed 

Bolice.  G.  property  being  at  a  discount  in  Italy, 

22.  '  If  yoa  expect  any  inch  thing,  especially  in  the  wilder  paru  of  it.'  but 
yoo  will  be  mistaken.'  M.  cf.  ix.  55.  HN,    agri  tuburbani  tantum 

After  widewna  nndtiBtand  Crupinum  possidet,  quantum  itividme  in  desertis 

fecma»  R.  Appuliae  poui/leret ;  Sen. £p. 87. N.  Q. 

23.  '  Compared  with  him,  Apicius  v.  17.  Plin.  xvii.  24.  Cell.  ii.  22. 
was  mean  and  thrifty.'  See  note  on  15.  incipit  montes  Appulia  notos  osteittare, 
AflMWg  levaral  epicures  of  this  name,  91105  torret  Atabulus ;  Hor.  I  S.  v.  77  sq. 
OBe  wrote  a  book  on  cookery.  VS,  PUn.  PR.  nee  tantus  umquam  tiderum  insedU 
n.  5.  nu.  51.  ix.  17.  x.  48.  Sen.  £p.  vapor  ntieuloste  Appulia  ;  E.  iii.  15  sq. 
95.  LU.  Id.  Helv.  10.  Dio  Cass.  57.  28.' To  have  gorged.' Hence  our  word 
Tbe  ApiciQS  who  b  above  mentioned,  olutton.  He  now  attacks  Domitian. 
after  spending  a  fertnne  in  gluttony,  de-  29.  Endoperator  x.  138.  the  obsolete 
atroyeo  bimsdf.  PR.  cf.  xi.  3.  Tac.  A.  poetical  form  of  Imperatar  (which  is  in- 
rr.  1.  Mart.  II.  Ixix.  III.  xxii.  R.  admissible  in  epic  verse)  used  by  Ennius 

Hee;  UDderstand/KUtt.  LU.  and  Lucretius:  with  7»)#9,  the  Greek  for 

24.  <  Erst  girt  round  the  loins  with  the  in,  prefixed.  R.  Imperatar  (1)  in  its 
pepyrvs  matted  or  stitched  together.'  i.26.  simplest  sense  denotes  *  the  general  of  an 
Mn.  xiiL  1 1.  PR.  cf.  viii.  162.  The  pa-  army.'  administrator  rei  gerendu ;  Cic.  de 
pyruB  w  called  patria,  as  the  lidiri  are  Or.  I.  zlviii.  210.  (2)  More  empha- 
calM  mumeipes,  3S.it  'B#i»f,  x'^*^'^  tically  it  is  «  a  commander  in  chief,  who, 
H^m  Mf  mtxifH  trmw^ef,  ftiiv  fit  Imi-  upon  a  signal  and  important  service,  had 
uwrnSem'  Anacr.  it.  4.  Hor.  II  S.  Yiii.  this  title  conferred  upon  him  by  the  accla- 
10.  Fbad.  n.  r.  11  sqq.  BO,  p.  283  sqq.  mation  of  the  soldiers  or  a  decree  of  the 
ML  Tbe  savages  of  the  aew1y>discoTeied  senate.'    This,  both  during  the  republic, 

L 


74 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  IV. 


30  Exiguam  et  modicss  sumtam  de  margine  coenae, 
Purpureas  magni  ructarit  scurra  Palati, 
Jam  princeps  Equitum,  magna  qui  voce  solebat 
Vendere  municipes  fricta  de  meree  siluros  ? 
Incipe,  Calliope,  licet  et  considere :  non  est 

85  Cantandum,  res  vera  agitur.     Narrate,  puellae 
Pierides :  prosit  mihi,  vos  dixisse  puellas ! 


Icastella  munitiMima,  noeturno  P^}mptinii 
adventu,  nostra  matutino,  cepimuSf  incen' 
dimus:  Imperatoret  appellati  sumus; 
Cic.  Att.  V.  20.]  and  after.  ITiberins  id 
quoque  Blaao  tribuit,tU  Imperator  a 
legUndbtis  salutaretur,  priico  erga  duces 
honore,  qui  bene  gesta  republica  et  impetu 
victoris  exercitus  conclamabantur '^  Tac. 
An.  iii.  74.  Cic.  Phil.  xiv.  4  sq.  Plin. 
Pan.  12.  56.]  Thus  from  the  name  of 
an  office,  it  became  a  title  of  dignity, 
which  was  not  regularly  applied  unless 
a  certain  number  of  the  enemy  were 
slain :  [D.  Cass,  xxxvii.  40.]  Appian 
says  10,000.  [B.  C.  ii.  p.  m.  455.]  And 
it  was  conferred  but  once  in  one  war : 
Claudius,  in  his  war  against  Britain, 
"  was  repeatedly  saluted  Imperator, 
though  contrary  to  established  rules." 
[D.  Cass.  Ix-.  21.]  This  title  was  com- 
monly expressed  on  their  coins  both  under 
the  Republic  and  after.  [SP,  diss.  x. 
t  ii.  p.  180  sqq.]  (3)  Under  J.  Cassar 
the  word  took  a  third  signification,  and 
implied  the  chief  civil  authority,  or  what 
we  understand  by  'Emperor,*  [D. 
Cass,  xliii.  44.]  Imperator  in  this  sense 
is  prefixed  to  a  name ;  in  the  two  other 
senses  it  is  put  after  it :  as  Imperator 
Catar  Augustus;  [Liv.  i.  19.]  and  on  the 
other  hand  M,  TuUius  Imperator  as  in 
the  address  of  many  of  his  letters.  [Reeepit 
Julius  praenomen  Imperatoris, 
cognomen  Patris  Patria ;  Suet.  76.]  The 
second  sense  was  not  destroyed  by  the 
third ;  for  many  Emperors  were  saluted 
OS  Imperator es  long  after  their  ac- 
cession. Octavian,  for  instance,  had 
that  compliment  paid  him  upwards  of 
twenty  times.  [Tac.  A.  i.  9.]  TA,  Civil 
Law,  p.  30.  See  CAR,  L.  ix.  p.  214  sq. 
[Livy  xxvii,  19.  4.  EJD.] 

'  So  many  seMertia/  i.  e,  *  a  dish 
costing  so  many.'  cf.  16.  PR. 

30.  '  If  Crispinus  devoured  such  an 
expensive  dish,  and  that  not  a  principal 
one,  but  merely  a  side-dish,  and  notat  any 
great  banquet,  but  at  a  quiet  supper.'  M. 


31.  •  Purple.'  cf.  i.  27.  PR,  as  con- 
trasted with  V.  24.  M. 

The  indigestions  and  crudities,  gene- 
rated in  the  stomachs  of  those  who  feed 
on  rich  and  high-seasoned  dishes,  occa- 
sion indigestion,  flatulence,  and  nauseous 
eructations,  iii.  233.  M. 

'  The  buffoon'  used  contemptuously 
for  *  courtier.'  cf.  Mart.  VIII.  xcix.  PR. 
See  the  characters  of  the  I^trxff,  the 
»«x«^,  and  the  fitt/uXix*^*  Anst.  Eth.  iv. 
6  and  8. 

The  words  magni  palati  look  very 
like  a  pun.   HN. 

32.  Not  '  Master  of  the  Horse,'  but 
'  first  of  the  Equestrian  order,' '  one  of 
the  illustrious  knights :'  (cf.  Tac.  A.  xi.  4. 
ii.  59.  also  vii.  89.  x.  95.  R.  Liv.  xlii. 
61.  and  AD.)  who  by  their  fortune  were 
eligible  to  the  senatorial  rank.  LI.  ER. 
cf.  Hor.  Ep.  iv.  15  si\.  iii.  159.   M. 

Magna  voce  vendere '  to  hawk  about  the 
streets.'  M,    Sen.  Ep.  56.  H. 

33.  Municipes  *  of  the  same  borough 
town.'  xiv.  271.  SA.  viz.  Alexandria. 
Gell.  xxvi.  13.  PR.  cf.  24.  B. 

*  Shads.'  M.  pisces  frieti,  ut  diu 
durent,  eodem  momentOt  quo  friguntur  el 
levantur,aceto  ealidoperfunduntur  \  A  pic. 
i.  II.  The  cured  fish,  which  were  im- 
ported from  Egypt,  were  much  esteemed. 
Diod.  i.  36.  Luc.  t.  iii.  p.  249.  But 
this  sort  (^Scheilan  Nilotieus)  was  so  com- 
mon and  cheap,  that  it  was  never  bought 
or  sold  but  by  the  lower  orders.  MNS, 

34.  He  here  ridicules  the  practice  of 
invoking  the  Muses.  RL  Calliojpe  pre- 
sided over  heroic  verse:  PR.  she  was 
also  M^sMrdrn  iirm^Un*  Hes.  Th.  79. 
Sil.  iii.  222.  xii.  390.  Virg.  ^.  ix.  525. 
Thus  Homer  Batr.  I  sqq.  Hor.  I  S.  ▼. 
51  sqq.  R, 

*  We  may  be  seated ;  for  the  matter 
on  the  tapis  will  not  be  despatched  in  an 
instant.'  M.  See  iii.  265,  note. 

35.  *  We  have  no  poetical  fiction  to 
deal  with.'  M.  x.  178.  R. 

36.  The  Muses  were  called  Pieridet 


SAT.  IV.                          OF  JUVENAL.  75 

Quum  jam  semianimum  laceraret  Flavius  orbem 
Ultimus  et  calvo  serviret  Roma  Neroni : 
Incidit  Adriaci  spatium  admirabile  rhombi    '  '- 
40  Ante  domum  VeDcris,  quam  Dorica  sustinet  Ancon, 

Implevitque  sinus :  neque  enim  minor  haeserat  illis, 
Quos  operit  glacies  Mseotdca  ruptaque  tandem 

from  Pieria,  a  district  on  the  confines  of  is  another  instance  of  periphrasis,  spatium 

Macedonia  and  I'hessaly  t  in  which  Ju-  rhombi  (1*  ii»  iunv)  for  rhombut  spiUionn 

piter  Tisited  their  mother  Mnemosyne,  (i,  e,  wgem,  as  spatiosus  taurus  i  Ov.  R. 

Ov.  M.  vi.  114.  M.     Cic.  dt  N.  D.  iii.  A.  421.  SA,)  \  so  also  Crispi  ieiiectusi  81. 

54.  FA.  cf.  vii.  8.  60.  A.  Moutani  venter ;  107.  vini  $enectu$  i  xiii. 

ProtU  notiru  in  numtibtu  ortas ;    Vir^.  214.    ThaUtis  ingenitim  %  ib,  \S4.    Her- 

X,  ix.  92.  VS.    *  Let  me  experience,  m  cuUui  labor  ;   Hor.  I  Od.  iii.  36.    virtus 

your  patronage,  the  benefit  of  having  Catonis  i  III  Od.  xxi.  11.  virtu*  Seipi- 

paid  tnis  compliment  to  your  innocence  ad€B  et  mitis  sapientia  Lceli  \  II  S.  i.  72. 

and  yoQth.'  FA,  nodosa  pondera  elava  ;    Sil.  ii.  246.  vi* 

37.  The  date  of  this  event  is  given  elephantorum  \  Id.  i v.  601.  in  imitation  of 
with  mach  precision  in  majestic  verse,  the  Homeric  expressions  /S/if  *EXivM#  or 
LU.  vi.  82.  R.  Yirg.  M,  iv.  686.  *  The  'H^axXifi/if.  U^it  f*ius  *Ar^fi'^a#,  St^  1g 
world  lies  at  its  last  gasp,  bleeding  under  TnXt/tax^'*  f^**^  'n^ittras,  &c.  R,  in 
the  fangs  and  talons  of  a  ferocious  tyrant.'  English  wc  say  *'  The  Queen's  most  ex- 

The  Flavian  family  was  one  of  no  cellent  Majesty"  for  the  ^ueen  herself, 

distinction  before  Vespaaan*s  time ;  Suet.  The  expression  in  the  text  may  also  be 

1.  PR,  compared  with   ^oif  XV*/**  f^^y^t  ^^^ 

38.  Domitian  was  the  last  of  the  Her.  L  36.  iii.  130.  vi.  43.  vii.  188.  and 
Ccsars  also.  LU.     Flatia  gem,  quantum  notes. 

tibi  tertiu*  abttulit  here* !  pane ^uit  tanti,  Adriaco  mirandus   lHore   rhombu*  ; 

mtm  habttis*^  duo* ;  Mart  Spect.  ult,  VS.  Ov.  Hal.  125.     Ravenna  in  the  Adiiatic 

Ausonius   has  imitated  this:    hactenut  was  famous  for  its  turbots,  as  Tarentum 

edidera*    domino*,  gen*  Flavia,  justos  :.  and  the  Lucrine  lake  for  oysters,  (cf.  140 

eur,  duo  quiB  dederant,  tertiu*  eripuit  9  sqq.)  the  Tiber  for  pikes,  Sicily  for  the 

mix  tanti  est  halmis**  illo*:  quia  dona  bo-  murcena,  and  Rhodes  for  the  ebps-f  Plin. 

norumsuntbreviai  €etemum,quiBnocuere,  ix.  54.  jR.  16.  20.  PA. 

dcUmt  I  Tetr.  12.  Dom.  40.  The  poet  by  being  thus  minute  (as 

£c  Titus  imperii  felix  brevitate  i    *€-  though  every  particular  was  of  the  utmost 

quutui  f rater,  quern  ealvum  dixit  sua  importance)  enhances  the  irony.  Af. 

Roma  Neronem  i  Aus.  de  xii  Cies.  T,  Domu*  *  the  temple  i    LU,  Virg.  2F., 

Baldness  was  a  very  sore  subject  with  the  vi.  81.   Prop.  III.  ii.  18.  cf.  Cat.  xxxvi. 

emperor  {  Suet.  18.  and  was  considered  13.  R. 

a  great  dissight  among  the   Romans.  Ancona,  in  the  Picenian  territory,  was 

Svet.  Cca.  45.     On  the  stage,  it  was  founded  by  a  colony  of  Syracusans  (who 

one  of  the  distinguishing  characteristics  were  of  Doric  race)  flying  from  the 

of  parasites  and  other  ridiculous  per-  tyranny    of    Dionysius.    FA,      It  was 

sonages  s  R,  and  is  still  retained  by  the  named  from  a   bend  of  the   mountain 

heroes  of  modern  pantomime.  whose   promontory  formed  its  harbour, 

'  Was  enslaved.*    Domitian  was  the  resembling  an  elbow  &y*iif,  Mei.  ii.  4. 

first  to  accept  the  title  of  dominu*,  to  FR,  Plin.  iii.  13.  R, 

which  *ervui  b  the  relative  term,  as  41.  lucidit  {in retid)  implevitque sinu*i 

mnU*  is  to  imperator, and civi* to  princep*,  a  quotation  from  Virgil,  implevitque 

LU,  Suet.  13.  einum  sanguis  i  JE,  x.  819.  VS,  "  Fill'd 

He  is  called  '  a  second  Nero'  from  the  wide  bosom  of  the  bursting  seine."  G. 

his  excessive  cruelty.   T,    Suet.  Dom.  sinu*  is  used  in  a  similar  sense,  Mart. 

lOsq.  15.  PR.  Thus  iEneas  was  taunted  XIII.  c.  2.  Grat  Cyn.  29.  R,  cf.  i.  88. 

as  another  Paris :  Virg.  j£.  iv.  215.  R.  PR,  150.  note  on  45. 

39.  Parturiunt  monte* :  nav:etur  ridi-  42.  Valus  Maotis  now  *  the  Sea  of 
eulu$  ana  i  Hor.  A.  P.  139.  PR.    This  Azof,'  communicating  with  the   Black 


76  THE  SATIRES  sat.  iv. 

Solibus  cffundit  torpentis  ad  ostia  Ponti 

Desidia  tardos  et  longo  frigore  pingues. 
45  Destinat  hoc  monstrum  cymbae  Unique  master 

Pontifici  summo.     Quis  enim  proponere  talem 

Aut  emere  auderet,  quum  plena  et  litora  multo 

Delatx)re  forent?  Dispersi  protenus  algae 

Inquisitx)res  agerent  cum  remige  nudo, 
50  Non  dubitaturi  fugitivum  dicere  piscem 

Depastumque  diu  vivaria  Csesaris,  inde 

Elapsum,  veterem  ad  dominum  debere  reverti. 

Si  quid  Palfurio,  si  credimus  Armillato, 

Quidquid  conspicuum  pulcrumque  est  sequore  toto» 

Sea  by  the  Straits  of  Cafia.  R,    to  bled  those  reTenue  otfictn  called '  tide- 

n«fr«v  itfm  Urtf  h   VLmmrit  Xifuwn,  Iv  f  waiters.'  M. 

^tkt  ixjOut  ««'«f«««fvT«i,  «i^fff  ««M  avrii  49.  '  Would  argue  the  matter;*   or, 

«i  XtfAtfi  MoiSrtt  ivtfiaitroi.  Hipparch.  r.  understaading  lege,  <  Would  cootest  the 

r.  tk'  zJi.  JIN.  point  at  law.'  AD. 

43.  '  By  the  solar  beams.'  G.  Nudus  may  be  taken  metaphorically, 
Ponti  Euxini,  note  on  Her.  i.  6.  and  auiUio  understood  :    cf.  vii.  35.  It, 

44.  Immense  shoals  of  fish  are  caught  [Livy  xxviii,  3,  6.  ED.} 

in  the  neighbourhood  of  Byzantium.  Tac.  50.  *  Fellows  who  would  not  scruple 

A.  xii.  63.  R.   Strab.  vii.  p.  320.  Arist.  to  swear  the  fish  was  a  stray.'     Such 

H.  A.  viii.  13.  16.  xv.  10.  Plin.  ix.  15  were  the  oppressive  measures  used  to 

s  20.  Ambr.  Hex.  v.  10.  LI.      Itaque  fleece  the  people,  on  the  most  groundless 

tempeiiate  piicium  vis  Ponto  erupii  i  Sail,  pretences,  and  yet  under  colour  of  legal 

VS.  claim.  M.  cf.  Suet.  Dom.  9.  12.  A. 

45.  MoMirum  see  ii.  143.  51.  Vivaria:  iii.308.Macr.iii.  13.  PR. 
Limim  (I)  *  flax'  (2)  <  string'  (3)  *  a  53.  Palfuriue  Sura  had  been  a  buf- 

net  ;*  v.  102.  iimiatum  iinum  *  a  landing  foon  and  a  parasite  at  the  court  of  Nero  t 

net : '  Sil.  vii.  503.  F.  for  which  Vespasian  expelled  him  from 

*  The  master  of  the  bark  and  net :'  the  senate  ;  when  he  commenced  Stoic, 
another  periphrasis.  See  Eur.  Cyc.  86.  and  talked  (which  Suetonius  says  he 
i^ch.  P.  384  sq.  389.  h.  could  do  very  eloquently,  Dom.  13.)  of 

46.  All  the  emperors  bore  the  title  of  abstinence  and  virtue  t  till  Domitian,  who 
'  Chief  Pontifif.'  Lu.  There  may  be  an  wanted  little  other  recommendation  of  a 
allusion  here  to  the  good  living  of  the  man,  than  the  having  justly  incurred  the 
priests :  poYitj^cum  podtfrc  conm ;  Hor.  II  contempt  and  a  ngerofhis  fat  her,  made  him 
Od.  xiv.  28.  GH.  or  to  the  discrepancy  his  own  attorney  general,  io  which  oflice 
between  the  sanctity  of  the  oflice  and  the  he  acquitted  himself  most  egregiously.  G. 
viciousness  of  the  person.  G.  VS.  PR,  See  vii.  80,  note  on  Sainuu 

Proponere  understand  venum,  LU.  Armillatus  was  another  sycophant  of 

47.  Et,  *  not  only  the  city,  but  even.*    much  the  same  stamp.  VS. 

PR.  54.  By  the  laws  of  England,  whale 

48.  Delator,  ^oue^mnt.  and  sturgeon  are  called  royal  fbh,  be- 

*  So  dispersed  that  no  place  is  secure  cause  they  belong  to  the  king,  on  account 
from  their  oflSciousness.'  of  their  excellence,  as  part  uf  his  ordinary 

*  Inspectors  of  sea- weed,'  (a  thing  pro-  revenue,  in  consideration  of  his  protect- 
verbially  worthless,  prqjecta  vilior  alga  »  ing  the  seas  from  pirates  and  robbers. 
Virg.  E.  vii.  42.  PR.  Hor.  II  S.  v.  8.  Blackst.  Com.4to.  p.  29a  M.  •'  Hath 
R.)  put  contemptuously  for  litorit  mari-  not  strong  reason  moved  the  legist's 
timi  inquisitora.  They  somewhat  resem-  minde,  To  say,  the  fayrest  of  all  nature's 


SAT.  IV.  OF  JUVENAL.  77 

&5  Res  fisci  est,  ubicumque  natat.     Donabitur  ergo, 
Ne  pereat.    Jam  letifero  cedente  pruinis 
Auctumno,  jam  quartanam  sperantibus  aegris, 
Stridebat  defonnis  hyems  prsedamque  recentem 
Servabat:  tamen  hie  propAat,  velut  urgeat  Auster. 

60  Utque  lacos  suberant,  ubi,  quamquam  diruta,  servat 
Ignem  Trojanum  et  Vestam  colit  Alba  minorem, 
Obstitit  intranti  miratrix  turba  parumper. 
Ut  cessit,  facili  patuerunt  cardine  valvse. 


kinde  The  pnnc«,  bj  hii  pnrogative,  may  69.  Hie  '  the  fisherman.'  PR, 

daymet"  ManloD.  6.  The  south-whid  is  very  unfavourable 

56.  'It  the  property  of  the  exchequer.'  for  the  keeping  of  either  meat  or  fish. 
GR^.  Gal.  Aph.  iu.  5.  PR.  xiv.  130.  Hor.  II 

<  If  such  be  the  law,  we  will  make  S.  ii.  41  sq.  R, 

a  merit  of  nccesityy  and  present  every  60.  Suberant  *  were  near  at   hand.' 

choice  fish  to  the  emperor,  lest  we  lose  Horace  also  uses  the  plural ;    Aibanot 

both  that  and  our  labour.'  HK.  prope  te  locus ;  IV  Od.  i.  19  sq.  M.  Now 

66.  Acute  and  <  fatal*  diseases  are  fre-  '  Lago  di  Castel  Gaodolfo.'    Liv.  v.  16 

quent  in  '  autumn/  especially  in  Italy  sqq.  Cic.  Div.  i.  44.  pro  Mil.  31.  V^rg. 

and  duiiog  the  prevalence  of  southerly  AL,  ix.  387.  R, 

winds.   Hipp.  Aph.  iii.  9.  Galen.  PR.  *  Demolished/  with  the  exception  of 

ri.  617.  Plm.  ii.  48.  Virg.  G.  iii.  478  sqq.  the  temples,  by  TuUus  Hostilius.  Liv.  i. 

H<H-.  II  Od.  liv.  16  sq.  Ill  Od.  xxiii.  8.  29.  PR. 

11  S.  vL  18  sq.  Pen.  vi.  13.  R.  61.  Alba  Longa,  the  favourite  residence 

'  Giving  place  to.'  np^^nfiug  x**f*^s  of  Domitian,  stood  on  the  declivity  of  a 

lm;i^m^§Sm  thmA^tf  H^w  Soph.  Aj.  676.  hill  near  a  lake  which  was  famous  in 

iL  Roman  story.     It  was  built  by  Ascanius 

•  Hoar-frosU/  for  '  winter ;'  Virg.  G.  (xii.  70  sqq.  Virg.  Ai,.  iii.  390  sqq.  viii. 

i.  230.  i2.  43  sqq.),  and  there  the  Trojans  deposited 

57.  SperamtSm$  may  be  either  (1)  the  sacred  fire  brought  from  Ilium. 
taken  by  the  figure  catachresis  for  When  the  city  was  destroyed,  and  Rome 
tbrntrntibms.  hU,  Or  (2)  <p«rart  may  be  became  the  capital  of  the  nation,  a  rem- 
conndercd  as  a  generic  term  including  naot  of  the  Vestal  fire  was  still  left 
opCflrt  and  Inwrf.  M.  cf.  Virg.  ^.i.  643.  there,  from  some  superstitious  motive, 
iv.  419.  xi.  276.  V.  Flac  iii.  296.  Hero-  and  piously  preserved  through  all  the 
dian,  I.  iii.  11.  A.  See  notes  on  IXrlirMf*  vicissitudes  ot  the  commonwealth.  Liv. 
Her.  l.  77.  iii.  62.  and  on  Ix^ofuw  vi.  i.  3.  26.  29  sqq.  Here  Domitian  usually 
109.  Or  (3)  we  may  translate  it  'hop-  kept  the  Quinquatria  in  honour  of  Mu 
ing  (Hor.  II  Od.  x.  13.)  that  the  fever  nerva  his  tutelair  deity  ;  and  hera  he 
will  become  intermittent.'  nam  quartana  often  convened  the  senate.  G.  PR.  3f. 
wttmimemjvgmlmi \  sed  ties ea facta  quoti-  146.  Plin.  £p.  IV.  xi.  6.  Tac.  Ag. 
dimma  eH,  in  malit  ager  at;  Gels.  Med.  46.  Suet.  Dom.  4.  19.  Stat.  IV  S.  lu 
iii.  16.  In  accordance  with  which  is  the  18  sqq.  62  sqq.  Virg.  JE.  ii.  293.  R. 
Italian  proverb  "  Febrc  quartana  No  fa  *  The  lesser  Vesta/  in  comparison 

r."  FL,  RI.  GR.  cf.  Cic.  " 


with  the  splendour  of  her  temple  and 

md  Dtv.  xvi.  1 1  pr.  22.  worship  in  Rome.  VS. 

58.  Stridgra  t»  properly  applied  to  a  62.  Thvts  turba  salutatrix ;  v.  21.  R. 

stormy  wind.    Cic.  T.  Q.  i.  68.   PR.  63.  '  As  the  crowd  made  way.'  M* 

Uridem  ofuUomc  proeeUa;    Virg.  JE.  i.  JanuaqwBfacilismovebatcardinet', 

102.  Hor.  I  Od.  xxv.  4  sqq.  ,M.    Opposed  to 

Jnfirmm A^fmcs;  Hor.II Od.x.  16. LU,  this  is  Janitor,  d iffi ciLem  moto eardinc 

Rcecmtem :     another    reason    why    it  pandeforem  ;  Ov.  Am.  I.  vi.  1  sq.  Ko/tw 

wQ«kl  keap.  are  the  same  as  duplicu  fores ;  ib,  viii.  22. 


78 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  IV. 


Exclusi  spectant  admissa  opsonia  Patres. 

66  Itur  ad  Atridem.     Turn  Ficens  "  Accipe"  diidt^ 
"  Privatis  majora  focis:  genialis  agatur     XL- 
Iste  dies,  propera  stomachum  laxare  saginis 
Et  tua  servatum  consume' in  ssecula  rhombum. 
Ipse  capi  voluit"     Quid  apertius?   Et  tamen  Illi 

70  Surgebant  cristae:  nihil  est,  quod  credere  de  se 
Non  possit,  quum  laudatur  Dis  aequa  potestas. 


whence  the  expressions  junge  oUia\  ix. 
105.  and  junciae  fenestra ;  Hor.  I 
Od.  xzv.  1.  B, 

64.  "  The  senators,  shut  out,  behold 
The  envied  dainty  enter."  G.  J  A.  This 
intimates  the  haughty  arrogance  of  Do- 
mitian.  HK. 

*0^mt§t  was  applied  to  '  fish'  in  par- 
ticular; see  Ath.  vii.  1.  i2. 

65.  Jtur  used  impersonally  as  n/rgtfnr; 
144.  M.  iii.  235,  note.  vii.  82.  Hor.  I 
S.  i.  7. 

The  emperor  is  called  Atrides  from  his 
resemblance  in  imperiousness  to  the 
generalissimo  of  the  Greeks.  Hom.  II.  A 
Suet.  Dom.  13.  R,  cf.  x.  84.  DO,  i. 
61  sq. 

*  The  fisher  of  Picenum,'  VS,  might 
have  found  a  precedent  for  his  conduct 
in  Herodotus  (iii.  42.),  who  gives  an 
account  of  a  very  fine  fish  which  was 
taken  and  brought  to  Polycrates  the 
tyrant  of  Samos.  The  presentation 
speech  is  preserved  by  the  historian ;  it 
is  very  civil,  as  might  be  expected,  but 
far  short  of  this  before  us.  Herodotus 
adds  that  Polycrates  invited  the  fisherman 
to  sup  with  him  :  a  trait  of  politeness 
which,  we  may  be  pretty  confident, 
Domitian  did  not  think  it  necessary  to 
imitate.  G. 

66.  '  Greater  than  (i.  e.  too  great  for) 
private  kitchens;'  M.  cf.  vi.  114.  not  to 
mention  the  delicacy  of  the  fish  itself; 
39.  Hor.  I  S.  ii.  115  sq.  Pers.  vi.  23. 
R, 

Genialis;  Pers.  ii.  1—3.  PR.  Hor. 
Ill  Od.  xvii.  13  sqq.  M. 

67.  '  Lose  no  time  in  expanding  your 
stomach  for  the  reception  of  these  deli- 
cacies ;'  LU,  or  *  in  releasing  it  from  the 
dainties  with  which  it  is  now  loaded.' 
'i'his  relief  was  usually  obtained  by 
emetics.  M.  Gluttons  sometimes  adopted 
this  expedient  after  a  first  or  second 
course  to  prepare    themselves  for   the 


next.  ACH.  Suet.  Vit.  13.  I  am  cre- 
dibly informed  that  a  celebrated  gour- 
mand in  London  practised  the  very  same 
meanit  after  an  early  civic  feast,  to  pre- 
pare himself  for  a  nishionable  dinner  at 
<  the  west  end.'  [livy  xxiii,  20,  e.  ED.] 

68.  S^^eulum  is  repeatedly  used  by  the 
writers  about  this  time,  especially  the 
younger  Pliny,  to  signify  '  the  reign.' 
HK. 

69.  It  is  surprising  that  any  man  of 
sense  should  have  introduced  such  an 
absurd  idea  into  serious  poetry  ;  and  yet 
Claudian  has  something  not  unlike  it  in 
some  high-flown  Alcaics  on  the  marriage 
of  HoDorius  and  Maria :  13 — 15.  Jonson 
too,  whose  learning  often  got  the  better 
of  his  judgement  and  betrayed  him  into 
absurdities,  has  expanded  the  thought 
thus:  "  Fat  aged  carps,  that  run  into 
thy  net,  And  pikes,  now  weary  their  own 
kind  to  eat.  As  loth  the  second  draught 
or  cast  to  stay.  Officiously  at  first  them- 
selves betray;"  Forest,  ii.  2.  G. 

*  What  flattery  was  ever  more  grossly 
palpable  r  LU.    Illi  see  73.  iii.  264. 

70.  The  metaphor  is  taken  from  a 
bird,  which,  when  proud  and  pleased, 
'  cocks  and  struts  ana  plumes  itself;'  M. 
as  the  contrary  is  expressed  by  the  word 

CREST- FALLEN. 

*  Nothing  is  too  fulsome  to  be  credited.' 
M. 

71.  Such  was  tlie  impious  vanity  of 
many  heathen  princes ;  Caligula  (Suet. 
22.),  Aurelian,  Carus,  Diocletian,  An- 
tiochus,  and  many  eastern  sovereigns 
rCurt.  viii.  5.),  Alexander  of  Macedon 
(Just.  xi.  xii.  "  With  ravished  ears  The 
monarch  hears;  Assumes  the  God,  Af- 
fects to  nod.  And  seems  to  shake  the 
spheres;"  D,  Alex.  Feast.  M.).  Do- 
mitian styled  himself  Dominui  et 
Deut;  Suet.  13.  Mart.  V.  viii.  1.  cf. 
Eutr.  ix.  16.  Aurel.  Vict,  de  Csss.  39. 
Sen.  Ep.  69,  m.  PR,  R.    Daniel  vi.  12. 


•AT.  IV,  OF  JUVENAL.  79 

Sed  deerat  pisci  patinas  mensura.     Vocantur 
Ergo  in  consilium  proceres,  quos  oderat  Ille ; 
In  quorum  facie  miserse  magnseque  sedebat 
75  Pallor  amicitice.     Primus,  clamante  Liburno 
"  Currite  I  jam  sedit  1"  rapta  properabat  abolla 
Pegasus,  adtonitee  positus  modo  villicus  Urbi. 
Anne  aliud  tunc  Prsefecti  ?  quorum  optimus  atque 

Acts  xii.  21 — 23.   "  O  ivbat  is  it  proud  wait  on  his  lord  and  master ;  whereas 

slime  will  not  beliere  Of  his  own  worth,  the  disciples  of  Zeno  boasted  themselves 

to  he«r  it  equal  praised  Thus  with  the  to  be  free,  and  kings,  and  professed  to  be 

gods  t''  Jonson,  Sejanus.  G.  imperturbable,  cf.  Hor.  Ill  Od.  iii.  1  sqq. 

72.  Quamtu  UUa  gerat  fkilella  rhoni'  HN, 

hum,  rhombus  latior  est  tamen  pttilla ;        77.  Pegams  was  a  roan  of  such  great 

Mart.  XIII.  Ixxxi.  PR,         ^  learning  that  he  was  called  a  <  Book  ;' 

73.  There  cannot  be  a  stronger  in-  a  most  profound  lawyer,  and  an  upright 
stance  of  the  capricious  insolence  with  and  worthy  magistrate ;  he  had  filled  the 
which  the  tyrants  of  Rome  treated  the  office  of  consul,  had  presided  over  many 
senrile  and  degenerate  senate,  than  their  of  the  provinces  with  honour  to  himself 
being  summoned  on  this  paltry  occasion,  and  satisfaction  to  the  people  ;  and  was 
LU.  cf.  Sil.  i.  609.  Liv.  ix.  17.  R.  appointed  prefect  of  the  city  by  Vespasian. 
There  b  an  anecdote  of  Nero,  worthy.  He  is  said  to  have  been  named  after  the 
in  erery  respect,  to  be  placed  by  the  side  ship  of  his  father,  who  was  trierarch  of  a 
of  that  in  the  text.    One  day,  while  the  Liburnian  galley.  VS. 

empire  was  in  a  state  of  revolt,  he  con-  Besides  the  Dacians,  who  now  kept 

vened  the  senators  in  baste.   And,  when  the  city '  in  a  constant  state  of  alarm,'  the 

they  were  breathless  with  apprehension  Catti,  the  Sygambri,  and  other  barbarous 

of   some  alarming  communicaUon,  his  nations,  were  on  the  eve  of  commencing 

from  the  throne  was  this,  "  'E|iv-  hostilities.  147.  G.    Or  '  stupiiied  as  one 

M  li  A^MrX)f  mmi  f*uZ»*  «*^  ^f*M'  thunderstruck.'  PR. 


XlmMp  fKy^rus.**  G.  Positus  for  praposiius.  R. 

'  He  hated  them,  from  a  consciousness  Modo  cf.  nuper;  ii.  160.  MNS. 

of  those  feelings  with  which  they  could  By  the  term  '  bailifT  we  are  given  to 

not  hat  retard  him.*  M,     t#  ^#«f  »m)  understand  that  the  emperors  regarded 

«lf«r  tA  yitn,  fu^ti  yat^  t«v  rviM^ivriry  Home  as  nothing  but  a  large  farm,  and 

f«4ii#T«f  mmi  r»v  MmmS^m  l^Urat'  mm)  ft^  the  citizens  as  no  better  than  so  many 

sSms  fituXsrm,  h  fiiwu.    Aiist.   Rb.  11.  menials  and  labourers.  MNS.  cf.  iii.  195. 

T.  3.  R,    Villicus  ctrari  quondam,  nunc  cul' 

74.  '  Paleness  betraying  fear.*  LU.  cf.  tor  agelli ;  Tib.  Priap.  81.  SA.  does  not 
SmtL  II.  and  i.  33.  PR,  Ov.  M.  ii.  776.  prove  that  villicus  was  synonymous  with 
Tr.  III.  ix.  18.  R.  ^§fiuti  Smt  i^  prcefectus,  as  it  is  evidently  used  aeta< 
%9mtfU9m9  WMU9  n*  »m)  MMtm  %vtafuf  phoiically  and  by  way  of  antithesis.  * 
7;^Mra*  mmi  rd  Sv*  iXXf  itttu'  umi  tl  ^^ft  78.  Tunc  *  in  those  days'  t.  e,  under 
mmi  tSUmst  mmi  wmuwytt,  mhiXH  yd(*  the  Flavian  family.  MNS,  cf.  Suet.  Ves. 
Arist.  Kh.  II.  vi.  2  sq.  16.  R. 

75.  '  The  crier  of  the  court  making  '  Prefects  of  the  city'  were  appointed 
proclamation.*  BR,  cf.  iii.  240.  M.  Liv.  by  Romulus,  and  existed  both  under  the 
liL  38.  IT.  32.  xxxvi.  3.  Tac,  An.  ii.  regal  and  the  consular  government.  But 
28.  R,'  their  authority  was  so  enlarged  by  Au- 

76. '  He  has  taken  his  seat.'  LU,  gust  us,  that  he  may  be  almost  considered 

'  Snatching  up  his  cloak.' iii.  115.  GR,  as  having  instituted  them.    In  this  he  is 

pmlmda  insignts  abolla ;   Pmd.  c.  Sym.  raid  to  have   acted  by  the  advice  of 

I  £p.  XX.  PR.    Juvenal  ridicules  this  Maecenas,  on  whom  he  6rst  conferred  the 

Stoic  (most  of  the  lawyers  were  of  this  office :   and  the  choice  of  those  whom 

aeet^  for  bong  the  first  to  run,  in  such  he  afterwards  appointed  to  it  shows  his 

trepidatioD,  at  the  earliest  summons,  to  opinion  of  its  importance,     llie  juris- 


80  THE  SATIRES  sat.  iv. 

Interpres  legum  sanctissiinus,  omnia  quainquam 
80  Temporibus  diris  tractanda  putabat  inermi 

Justitia*     Venit  et  Crispi  jucunda  senectus,     ^  q 
Cujus  erant  mores,  qualis  facundia,  mite 
Ingenium.     Maria  ac  terras  populosque  regenti 
Quis  comes  utilior,  si  clade  et  peste  sub  ilia 
85  Saevitiam  damnare  et  honestum  afferre  liceret 
Consilium  ?  Sed  quid  violentius  aure  tjnranni, 
Cum  quo  de  pluviis  aut  aestibus  aut  nimboso 
Vere  loquuturi  fatum  pendebat  amici  ? 
Ille  igitur  numquam  direxit  brachia  contra 
90  Torrentem,  nee  civis  erat,  qui  libera  posset 
Verba  animi  proferre  et  vitam  impendere  vero. 
Sic  multas  hyemes  atque  octogesima  vidit 
Solstitia,  his  armis  ilia  quoque  tutus  in  aula* 

diction  of  the  prefect  was  now  extended  jntra ;    ter   memorn    imftUmnt    tiomiug 

a  hundred  miles  beyond  the  walls.    He  jfiuUu,  et  jnvpe  Caamei  conjinis  AeUiut 

decided  in  all  causes  between  masters  aulte;  Statius:  V.    For  the  periphrasis 

and  slaves,  patrons  and  clients,  guardians  see  v.  39.  vii.  35.  z.  75.  R.    /if •»  ftiMt 

and  wards,  &c. :  he  had  the  inspection  *AX»«»««m*  Horn.  Od.  B  167.  FA, 

of  the  mints,  the  regulation  of  the  mar-  83. '  To  the  emperor.'  LU. 

kets,  and   the  superintendence  of   the  84.  Understand  yuisMt. 

public  amusements.  G.  Seipiada,  cladet  Ubya;  Virg.  JE, 

80. '  He  was  a  (ime-senrer,  not  daring  vi.  844. 

to  wield  the  sword  of  Justice  with  vieour ;  85.  Cf.  Suet.  Dom.  10 — 12.  A. 

for  since  it  was  impossible  to  punish  the  86.  It  is  dangerous  tenenu  mordaci 

greater  criminals,  he  thought  it  but  fair  radere  vero  auriculat;  Pen.  i.  107.  PR, 

to  connive  at  petty  offenders.'  FA.  **  Tyrants' ear8,ala8,are  ticklish  things. *'G. 

Justice  is  frequently  represented  on  88. '  Was  at  stake.'  R. 

Roman  coins  '  unarmed.'  with  a  goblet  89.   Km^m    Xar^vuv    fin^    AfTivrAut 

(patera)  in  one  hand  and  a  sceptre  in  the  kn/Mtei,  LU.  **  As  Sherlock  at  Temple 

other.  R,  was  taking  a  boat,  The  waterman  ask'd 

81.   Ft6tuf  Crixput   Plaeentinu$    was  him  which  way  he  would  float.  '  Which 

another  worthy  but  cautions  man.    One  wayV    quoth    the    Doctor,  '  you   fool, 

of  ]^ good  sayings  is  preserved  by  Sue-  with  the  stream!'    To  Paul's,  or  to 

"^       Domitianui  inter  initia  jtrinci*  Lambeth,  'twas  all  one  to  him."     06- 


patut,   quotidie   seeretum    eibi    horarium  iequio    tranantur    atfuee    nee    pineere 

tmnere    teM)at,  nee  quidquam  ampUue,  pouit  Jiumina,  n  contra,  quam   ropU 

quam  mmeat  eaptare,  ae  ttilo  pretaetUo  unda,nateii  Ov.  A.  A.  ii.  180 sq. 

cenfigerei  ut  euidam  interroganti  *  Euetne  91.  <  To  devota  his  life  to  the  cause  of 

qui*  intut  cum  Caearef*  non  abturde  re-  truth.*  LU, 

gpontum  M<  a  Vibio  Critpo*  Ne  muioa  92.  0 etogint a  loUtitia  woMhthui 

qui  dent;*  3.  FA,    Vibiui  Critput,  com'  forty  years.  PJR. 

peeitui  et  jucundui,  atque  delectatUme  93.   SoUtitium  is    generally  put    for 

natus,  privatis  tamen  cau$ii  quam  publicii  'the  summer  solstice.'  humida  toUtitia 

melicr;  Quint,  z.  1.  PR.  Jd.  v.  13.  vi.  2.  atque  hyemss  orate  terefuui  Virg.  G.  i. 

xii.  1 1 .  Tac.  de  Or.  8.  13.   An.  xiv.  28.  100.  R, 

H.  ii.  10.  iv.  41.  43.  R,     Lumina  Nei-  Hit  armit  'by  the  temporizing  arts  of 

torei   miti$   prudentia  Critpi  et  Fabiut  dissimulation,  tadtumity,  and  obeiequioos- 

Veiento :  poteiuem  signat  utrumqtu  pur-  ness.'  LU, 


SAT.  !▼•  OF  JUVENAL.  81 

Proximus  ejuedem  properabat  Acilius  asvi 
95  Cum  juvene,  indigno,  quern  mors  tarn  sa^va  maneret 
£t  domini  gladiis  tarn  festinata :  sed  olim 
Prodigio  par  est  in  nobilitate  senectus ; 
Unde  fit,  ut  malim  fraterculus  esse  gigantis. 
Profuit  ergo  nihil  misero,  quod  cominus  ursos 
100  Figebat  Numidas,  Albana  nudus  arena       /  ,     **  ^ 
Venator.     Quis  enim  jam  non  intelligat  artes 
Patricias  ?    Quis  priscum  illud  miretur  acumen, 
Brute,  tuum  ?    Facile  est  barbato  imponere  regi. 
Nee  melior  vultu,  quamvis  ignobilis,  ibat 

m 

*  Even  in  that  conrt :  the  court  of  a  origin  to  the  Earth.  LU,     Pers.  vi.  57 

Nero  and  a  Domitian !'  LU,  M^q.  PR,   '  Their  little  brother,'  other- 

94.  Aeilius  Glabrio,  the  father,  was  of  wise  I  might  still  chance  to  incur  notice. 
eonealar  dignity  and  a  man  tingulari  R.  Jure  perhorrui  late  eonspicuum  toUere 
prmdentia  eifiU;  Plin.  Ep.  i.  14.  LU.  verticem;  Hor.  Ill  Od.  ztI.  18  so. 

He  was  banished  subeequently  to  this,        99.  Suet.  Dom.  4.  19.  PR,    Under- 

and  then  pot  to  death  for  high  treason,  stand  juveni.  LU.    Men  of  rank,  and 

Soti.  10.  PR.    Unless  these  words  refer  even  women,  entered  the  arena,  either 

ratber  to  DemUhu  the  son.  JR.  Toluntarily  or  by  compulsion,  (see  95, 

95.  Who  this  young  man  was,  is  note)  for  the  emperor's  amusement,  ii. 
donbtfaL  Dio  gives  an  account  of  one  143  sqq.  viii.  192  sqq.  i.  22  »qq.  R. 
AeUua  Glabrio,  who  wu  put  to  death  by  100.  '  Numidian  bears ;'  (see  note  on 
DoButian  for  impiew  (attachment  to  '  Tructin  ho^n -,*  i.  22  m^.)  horrida»  pelU 
'  Jewish  costoms,' perhans  Christianity),  Libystidis  una;  Virg.  i£.  v.  37. 
and  because  he  had  fought  in  the  arena :  Herod,  iv.  191.  (WS.)  Mart.  I.  cv.  5. 
for  when  he  was  consul  (Traian  was  his  Solin.  29.  Strab.  Pliny  denies  that  there 
oolleag;iie,  and  they  were  both  young  at  are  bears  in  Africa ;  viii.  36.  58.  L/. 
the  time,)  Domitian  sent  for  him  to  Alba  But  there  are  weighty  authorities  against 
and  compelled  him  to  engage  a  lion  him.  SA.  Dr.  Shaw  mentions  the  bear, 
at  the  cemration  of  the  Juvenilia :  he  as  one  of  the  animals  indigenous  to 
killed  the  beast ;  and,  some  time  after,  the  Africa :  Travels,  p.  177.  LA. 

^ranl  put  him  to  death,  through  envy  of  Nudut  cf.  i.  23.  and  ii.  71.  where 

tae  mpplmuM  be  had  then  obtained ;  livii.  it  is  mentioned  as  an  indication  of  in- 

IZ,  U,  JL  sanity. 

96.  Demnni  ite  71.  101.  '  Who  is  not  now  alive  to  the 
OlijM  '  long  since.'  M,  arts  of  patricians  ?'  LU. 

97.  Preedietwnet  vera  et  praternkmet  102.  *  Primitive ;    which  wouldjjwt 


fiumrtrum  quid  aliud  deetarant,  pass  current  in  the  present  day.*  L 
hemmibui  ea  qua  tint,  Mtendi,  mon'        103.  Liv.  i.  66.  PR.     '  It  is  no  such 

itrmi,  ferUndi,  praediei?  tx  quo  iUa  hard  matter  to  gull  a  king  with   far 

ctUmiu,  mmuira,  portenta,  prodigia  di-  more  beard  than  brains.'  G,    It  was  444 

miiliir?  Cic  N.  D.  H.  3.   Div.  i.  42.  jrears  before   barbers  were    introduced 

PA.  into  the  city.     They  first  came  from 

See  Dota  on  Jt^Urei^r  Her.  iil  80.  that  Sicily.    Varr.  R.  R.  ii.  ult,    Plin.  vii. 

ckapCer  gicwm  a  vety  exact  portraiture  of  69.  Gell.  iii.  4.  Pers.  iv.  1.  PR.    Long 

the  Roa»n  tjranL  before  the  days  of  Brutus,  we  have  an 

96.  The  giants  (ynytntt)  were  fabled  instance  of  a  like  device,  by  which  David 

to  be  the  sou  of  Titan  and  Terra ; '  their  saved  himself  at  the  court  of  Achish  king 

romger   brother'   therefore  would    be  ofGath;  1  Sam.  xxi.  10 — 15.  M.vi.l05. 

TerrmJUhu;  an  obscure  man  whose  pa-  zvi.  29.  R.    Men  were  in  those  days 

lenls  were  unknown,  and  who  might  iMiTf. 
MOB  (I3w  a  miMhroom)  to   owe   his        104.  *  Equally  pale.'  LU.  cf..75.  M. 

M 


82 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  IV. 


105  Rubrius,  offensse  veteris  reus  atque  tacendae 
Et  tamen  improbior  satiram  scribente  cinsedo. 
Montani  quoque  venter  adest  abdomine  tardus, 
Et  matutino  sudans  Crispinus  amomo, 
Quantum  vix  redolent  duo  funera ;  ssevior  illo 

110  Pompeius  tenui  jugulos  aperire  susurro, 
Et,  qui  vulturibus  servabat  viscera  Dacis, 
Fuscusy  marmorea  meditatus  proelia  villa, 
Et  cum  mortifero  prudens  Veiento  Catullo, 


/.  / 


'  Though  ignoble  :'  for  it  must  be  re- 
membered that  this  lord  of  the  world  did 
not  consider  it  derogatory  to  his  dignity 
to  impale  flies  on  a  bodkin. 

105.  Of  Rubrius  and  his  *  nameless 
offence'  nothing  certain  is  known. 

106.  '  More  lost  to  shame  than  the 
pathic  satirist/  had  become  proverbial. 
GE.  cf.  xiv.  30.  Mart.  VI.  xxiix.  12. 
Plaut.  Aul.  Ill.ii.  8.  MNS.  ii.  27.  Rom. 
ii.  21  sqq.     For  imptobus  see  iii.  282. 

107.  Curtius  Montanut,  (whose  un- 
wieldy paunch  prepares  us  for  the  pro- 
minent part  which  he  is  to  bear  in  the 
debate,  G.)  is  mentioned  xi.  34.  Tac.  A. 
xvi.  28  sq.  33.  H.  iv.  40.  PR.  But  the 
name  of  Montanut,  was  a  very  common 
one.  R, 

108.  Cf.  I  sqq.  LU.   i.  26  sqq.   R. 

'  Morning'  has  a  twofold  sense  '  ori- 
ental' and  *  early  in  the  day.'  HO,  VS. 
It  showed  the  height  of  voluptuousness 
to  have  bathed  and  anointed  at  such  an 
untimely  hour  instead  of  in  the  afternoon. 
PR,  Authority  is  wanting  for  the  word's 
being  used  to  signify '  eastern.'  M,  Eunu 
ad  Auroram  Nabatisaque  regna  rteesnt 
Persidaque  etradiitjuga  tubdita  matU' 
tints:  Vesper  et  oceiduo  qua  litora 
ttUUpaeuntt  proiima  sunt  Zephyro;  Ov. 
M.^.  61  sqq.  is  not  conclusive.  The 
corresponding  Greek  word  msn  or  lSf*t, 
however,  has  the  double  meaning,  pal- 
ittftis  too  thure  quod  ignis  olet ;  Mart.  III. 
Ixv.  8. 

The  amomum  (Plin.  xiii.  1.)  is  an 
Assyrian  shrub  with  a  white  flower,  of 
which  a  very  costly  perfume  was  made. 
LU.  Virg.  E.  iil  89.  iv.  26.  R,  The 
precise  plant  is  not  ascertained :  amomvm 
IS  the  Linnsean  name  for  '  the  ginger.' 

109.  This  perfume  was  one  of  the 
ingredients  used  in  embalming.  LU, 
It  was  also  the  practice  to  place  a  large 
quantity  of  aromatict  with  tne  body  on  a 


funeral  pile.  FA,  Pers.  vi.  35  sqq.  PR. 
St  Matt.  xxvi.  12.  It  was  originally  an 
eastern  custom.  M.  See  Kl,  de  Fun. 
Rom.  iii.  5.  R,  vii.  208,  note. 

110.  Of  Pompeiui  nothing  further  is 
known.  R. 

Sievior  aperire  is  a  Grecism ;  FA,  as 
qu<Blibet  in  quemvis  opprabria  finggrt 
utvus\  Hor.  I  £p.  xv.  30.   R. 

Jugulos  aperire  '  to  cut  men's  throats.' 
(see  note  on  iii.  36.)  The  noun  has  both 
a  neuter  and  a  masculine  form.  FA, 

Hence  Pliny  has  insidiantes  susurri; 
Pan.  62.  R.    cf.  iii.  122  sqq. 

111.  Com,  Fuscus  was  slain  with  a 
great  part  of  his  army  in  an  expedition 
against  the  Dacians,  VS,  or  Catti,  which 
Domitian  had  entrusted  hioo  with.  Suet. 
6.  Tac.  H.  ii.  86.  iii.  4. 12.  42.  66.  iv.  4. 
Eutr.  vii.^ii.  PR.  Dio  Ixviii.  9.  R, 

*  Vultures'  are  said  to  resort  to  a  spot, 
where  slaughter  is  to  take  place,  two  or 
three  days  beforehand  1  Plin.  x.  6.  Plut. 
Q.  Rom.  93.  PR.  *  The  entrails'  are 
the  parts  which  these  birds  most  eagerly 
devour.  FA.  see  Job  xxxix.  27  sqq.  St 
Matthew  xxiv.  28.  St  Luke  xviL  37. 

'  The  obsequiousness  by  which  he  con- 
trived to  prolong  his  days,  served  but  to 
fatten  him  for  vulture's  food.'  R. 

Daeia  comprehended  the  modem  pro- 
vinces of  Transylvania,  Moldavia,  and 
Wallachia.   PR, 

112.'  Studied  the  art  of  war  (vii.  128.) 
in  a  marble  villa,  and  not  in  a  tent  of 
skins.'  PR. 

113.  Fabricius  Veiento:  see  iii.  185. 
vi.  113.  His  wife  Hippia  eloped  with 
Sergius  a  gladiator,  vi.  82.  Botli  he  and 
Catullus  were  of  consular  dignity.  His 
shrewdness  was  shown  by  accommodating 
himself  to  the  tyrannical  caprices  of  Do- 
mitian. FA.  fn  the  reign  of  Nero  he 
was  banished  for  publishing  a  jeu  d'esprit, 
which  he  called '  Codicils  of  persons  de- 


SAT.  IV.  OF  JUVENAL.  83 

Qui  numquam  Tisse  flagrabat  amore  puellae, 
1 15  Grande  et  oonspicuum  nostro  quoque  tempore  monstrum ! 

Caecus  adulator  dimsque  a  ponte  satelles, 

DignuS)  Aricinos  qui  mendicaret  ad  axes 

Blandaque  devexae  jactaret  basia  redae. 

Nemo  magis  rhombum  stupuit:  nam  plurima  dixit 
120  In  laevam  conversus ;  at  illi  dextra  jacebat 

Belua.    Sic  pugnas  Cilicis  laudabat  et  ictus. 


l/in  which  he  had  libelled  senators*  ingeuM,  cui  lumen  ademptum\  Virg.  ^. 

and  priests,  and  even  the  emperor  him-  i^.  658. 

self.  lAJ,  Tac  A.iiT.50.(L/.^  PR.    He        *  Even  in  our^time,  when  they  are  so 

was '  prudent'  enongh  to  obtain  the  good  rife.'  LU, 

graces  of  Nerva  likewise.    When  that        116.  He  was  probably  not  quite  blind: 

prince  was  supping  with  a  small  party,  otherwise  his  praise  of  the  turbot  could 

Veiento  lay  in  bis  bosom*    The  conver-  not  have  pleased  the  tyrant.  ACH, 
sation  haying  turned  on  the  enormities  of        *  Raised  from  a  beggar's  station  on 

Catullus,  tM  emperor  exclaimed,  "  I  some  bridge  to  be  the  accursed  minister 

wonder  what  would  be  his  fate,  were  he  of  cruelty.'  M.  xiv.  134.    Thus  tstelles 

now  alive  V  *'  His  fate,"  replied  Junius  audaei(E,  potestatis,  tcelerum,  ^c.    Cic. 

Mauricus,  ^casting  his  eyes  on  Veiento,  Cat.  L  3.  Agr.  ii.  13.  Prov.  3.  Quint, 

who  was  little  less  criminal  than  Ca-  25.  R,    Unless  these  words  are  rather  to 

tullus,)  "  his  fate,"  replied  he,  with  the  be  connected  with  the  following :   dig' 

dauntless  spirit  ofan  old  Roman,  "would  niuque  qui  dims  S;e,  'the  importunate 

be — to  sup  with  us."  G.    Plin.  Ep.  iv.  sentry  of  the  bridge.'  PR,  cf.  v.  8. 
22.  iz.  13.  R.  117.  The  Aricine  hill,   without  the 

CmtuUia  Mcnaltnuf  had  well  earned  city  gate  on  the  Appian  road,  swarmed 

the  epithet  here  given  him  :    luminihut  with  beggars,  particularly  Jews :  VS,  iii. 

eapha,  ingtnio  imvo  moSa  eacitatit  ad-  296.  so  as  to  become  proverbial  for  it : 

diierQi;   nan  wrebstur,  nan  erubescsbat,  tnuUi  Manii  Aricia,   cf.  Pers.  vi.  56. 

nom  migenbaiur:   quo  a  Domitiano  nan  Mart.  II.  zix.  3.  XII.  xxxii.    10.  R. 

tee»9  ue  UU,  quit  et  ipta  coca  et  imprwida  As  the  carriages  went  slowly  down  hill, 

ftnmtur,  in  optimum  quemque  eontorqut'  they  were  the  more  exposed  to  the  im- 


kmiuT ;  Plin.  Ejx  ir.  22.  FA,  D.  Cass,  portunities  of  meydicaots.  T.  The  mo- 
Ixrii.  Joseph.  6.  J.  p.  996  sq.  Tac.  Ag,  dern  name  of  Aricia  (Hor.  I  S.  v.  1.  Af.) 
46.  R.     His  death  may  be  added  to  the    is  <  la  Riccia.*  PR,  or  *  Nemi.'  R. 


Ixrii.  Joseph. 
46.  R.     His 

innumeiable    instances    of    retribution  118.  '  To  throw  his  complimentary 

which  "  vindicate  the  ways  of  God  to  kisses  to  the  ladies,  as  they  rooe  in  their 

man.**    He  was  afflicted  with  an  incu-  chariots  down  the  hill,'  VS. '  by  kissing 

rable  disease,  attended  by  the  most  ex-  his  hand.'  SA,  iii.  106.  M.  vi.  584.  Apol. 

eructating  and  unremitting  torture:  yet  Met.  iv.  p.  83.    D.  Cass.  xliv.  8.    Luc. 

the  agonies  of  his  body  were  perfect  ease,  de  Salt.  17.  Tac  H.  i.  36.  Plin.  xxviii. 

compared  to  those  of  his  mind.    He  was  2.  Job  xxxi.  27.  Hosea  xiii.  2.    Whence 

constantly  haunted  vrith  the  thoughts  of  the  expression  ad  or  are,  R,   [Livy  xxx. 

Ids  past  cruelties ;  the  ghosts  of  those  he  16,  f.  £D.]     '  Instead  of  presuming,  as 

bad  accused  seemed  ever  before  him,  now,  to  approach  their  lips  ;  too  good  to 

and  he  used  to  leap  from  his  bed  with  be  contaminated  by  sucti  a  blind  and 

the  most  dreadful  shrieks,  as  if  avenging  lecherous  old  dotarcj.'  1 14.  PR, 

flames  had  already  seized  upon  it.   Worn  119.  'Professed  more    astonishment 

out  at  length  by  his  mental  sufferings,  he  and  admiration.'  M.    cf.  xiii.  16.  164. 

expired  one  livid  mass  of  putrefaction !  G.  Sil.  v.  202.  R, 

cf.  Her.  iv.  205.  121.  '  The  enormous  fish.'  LU, 

114.  Thttsgivin;^  a  practical  refutation  '  In  like  manner,'  t.  e.  without  seeing 

to  the  proverb  :   l»  rtS  ifif  yiynrmt  r)  them.  LU, 

m9,LU.    Mart.  VII  i.zlix.R.  'Of   the    Cilician   gladiator;'    LU. 

1 16.  Mcmttrum   horrendum,   informe,  who  was  a  favourite  with  Domitian.  M, 


84                             THE  SATIRES  sat.  iv. 

Et  pegma  et  pueros  inde  ad  velaria  raptos. 
Non  cedit  Veiento,  sed,  ut  fanaticus  oestro 
Percussus,  Bellona,  tuo,  divinat  et  ^^  Ingens 
125  Omen  babes"  inquit  <^  magni  clarique  triumphi : 
Regem  aliquem  capies>  aut  de  temone  Britanno 
Excidet  Airiragus :  peregrina  est  belua :  cernis 

Erectas  in  terga  sudes?"  Hoc  defuit  unum 

122.  UtiyfMt  *  stage  machiDery  /  by  sit-  brium  of  Doinitian*8  reign.  He  opposed 
ting  OD  which  boys  were  suddenly  raised  the  emperor  in  the  Dacian  war,  in  which 
to  a  considerable  height  LI.  The  precise  Fuscus  fell*  and  was  an  enemy  far  from 
nature  of  this  self-rooTing  framework  it  contemptible.  G. 

is  very  difficult  to  ascertain :  but  we  may  *  The  pole  of  the  sithed  car'  is  pot  for 
suppose  that  it  resembled  a  mountain,  a  the  chariot  itself.  LU.  But  the  Britons 
tower,  or  the  like,  and,  by  rising  or  sink-  used  to  run  along  the  pole,  and  fight 
ing  suddenly,  changed  into  some  other  from  it.  Caes.  B.  G.  iv.  33.  PR.  of.  Virg. 
form  ;  not  very  dissimilar  to  the  changes  G.  iii.  204.  Prop.  II.  i.  76.  R. 
in  a  modern  pantomime.  K»  It  appears  127.  *  Shall  some  Arviragus  be  hurled !' 
that  slaves  and  malefactors  were  some-  Arviragus  (according  to  the  monkish  la- 
times  thrown  from  them  to  the  wild-  bles)  was  the  younger  son  of  Cymbeline, 
beasts.  Phaed.  V.  vii.  6.  Mart.  Sp.  ivi.  and  began  his  reign  in  the  fourth  year  of 
Suet  Cal.  26.  Claud.  34.  Sen.  £p.  88  Claudius,  whose  daughter  he  married, 
soq.  Plin.  xziiii.  3.  R.  Mart.  Sp.  ii.  2.  He  then  revolted  from  his  lather,  was 
Claud.  CooR.  Fl.  Mall.  Theod.  320  sqq.  brought  back  to  his  duty  by  Vespasian, 
PR.  This  was  always  a  favourite  ex*  reigned  many  years  in  great  glory,  and  left 
hibition.  Calp.  vii.  23  sqq.  G.  his  crown  to  his  son,  a  prince  not  less  valor- 
The  Roman  Theatres  were  open  at  the  ous  and  rather  more  wise  than  his  father, 
top:  during  the  performance,  however,  ifO.  According  to  Pol^jrdore  Virg.  he  was 
they  were  usually  covered  with  a  Istrge  either  converted  to  Christianity  by  Joseph 
awning  stretched  across  with  cords,  G.  of  Arimathsa,  or  allowed  him  and  his 
as  a  shelter  from  sun  or  rain  :  FA,  be-  followers  to  settle  at  Glasgow,  with  per- 
sides  which,  by  keeping  the  spectators  in  mission  to  preach  the  Gospel.  There  is 
the  shade,  a  stronger  light  was  thrown  sarcasm  in  this  mention  of  the  Britons, 
upon  the  stage.  Plin.  zix.  1.  R.  The  whose  subjugation  many  eminent  generals 
ceiling  of  the  Theatre  at  Oxford  is  painted  ([Vespasian  among  the  rest)  had  failed 
in  imiution  of  this.  in  :  and  the  only  chance  of  their  redoc- 

123.  '  Does  not  yield  in  admiration.'  tion  was  now  destroyed  by  the  recall  of 
L  U.  Agricola.  Tac.  A  g.  1 3  sqq.  R.  Some  chief 

'  One  inspired.'  LU.  ii.  1 12.  PR.  is  probably  alluded  to,  who  made  himself 

dUr^H  or  fiumyff,  in  Latin  tabanut  or  formidable  to  the  Romans  alter  this  recall: 

asibit,  here  used  metaphorically  for  '  sti-  OW.    the  Arriraffus  above  mentioned 

rovlus,'  is  a  species  of  stinging  fly,  which,  was  dead.  G.  He  is  said  to  have  reigned 

in  the  summer,  almost  drives  cattle  mad :  from  45  to  73  A. D.    The  latter  date  is 

LI/.  '  a  gadfly.'  M.  Varr.  R.  R.  5.  Plin.  eight  years  before  Domitian's  accession, 

ix.  15.  Virg.  G.  iii.  146  sqq.  PR.  Plin.  '  Being  a  foreign  monster,  it  denotes  a 

xi.  16.  28.  V.  Place  iii.  581.  R.  foreign  king.'  LU. 

124.  Bellona,  the  goddess  of  war,  was  128.  *  1  ne  sharp  fins  sticking  up  on 
the  sister  of  Mars.  Her  priests  wor-  his  back  1  Thus  shall  thy  bristling  spears 
shipped  her  with  oflerings  of  their  own  stand  erect  in  the  backs  of  thy  foo.'  LU. 
blood ;  and  were  then  gifted  with  jprophe-  Pointed  stakes,  charred  at  the  ends,  were 
tic  inspiration.  Some  think  her  the  same  used  in  rude  warfare.  PR.  jam  eagtrm 
as  Minerva.  LU.  Virg.  JE.  viii.  703.  hoftium  oppugnabantur :  iaxisqueettudi' 

126.  This  *  monarch' may  be  a  sar-  bui  et  omni  genere  teUruimubmovdiafaur 
castical  allusion  to  Decebalus,  whose  a  vallo  Rfimanii  Liv.  xxxiv.  15.  see 
name  could  not  be  brought  into  the  vi  247,  note.  "All  with  arrows- 
verse,  but  whose  actions  were  theoppro-  quilled,  and  clothed  with  blood  As 


SAT.  IV.  OF  JUVENAL.  85 

Fabricio,  patriam  ut  rhombi  memoraret  et  annos. 

130  <<  Quidnam  igitur  censes?  Conciditur?'  <^  Absit  ab  illo 
Dedecus  hoc !"  [Montanus^^ait.     "  Testa  alta  paretur, 
Quae  tenui  muro  spatiosum  coUigat  orbem. 
Debetur  xnagnus  patinse  subitusque  Prometheus. 
Argillam  atque  rotam  citius  properate;  sed  ex  hoc 

135  Tempore  jam,  Csesar,  figuli  tua  castra  sequantur." 
Vicit  digna  viro  sententia.    Noverat  iUe 
Luxuriam  imperii  veterem  noctesque  Neronis 
Jam  medias  aliamque  famem,  quum  pulmo  Falemo 
Arderet     Nulli  major  fuit  usus  edendi 

140  Tempestate  mea.     Circeis  nata  forent  an 

with  m  purple  garment,  be  lustaiaed  The        136.  H<te  sententia  vicit ;  Lir.  zxxvii. 
noeqnil  conflict ;"  Soathey,  Madoc,  yi.      19.  ii.  4.  zlii.  47.  R.  lee  notes  od  y^iftuir 

130.  The  emperor  now  puts  tbe  quet-    Her.  i.  61.  and  Immi*  vi.  101. 

tioo  to  the  wnate  in  doe  fonn.  Hf.  137.  *  Of  the  coart :'  jR.  '  of  former 

131.  '  A  deep  dish.'  ViteUius  in  prin^    emperors.'  M, 

cipaiu  dmetHtii  uttertiit  eamdidit  pati-  '  Nero's  nights ;'  epulas  a  medio  die  ad 

«««,  emi  faeie$td€B  fimax    in  campit  mediam  noctem  protrahebat:    reflaiv* 

tedyUata  trmt :  quoniam  eo  pervenit  [luxu-  ugpius  ealidis  pitcinis  ac  tempore  testivo 

rim,  uiJutUia  pturiM  conUent  quam  mur-  nivalis;  Suet.  27.  LU.  Tac.  A.  xvi. 20. 

HbiM;    Pltn.  zziy.  12.  quam  ob  tmmm-  R,  cf.  A.[xiii.  20.fand  vi  102  sq.  HN. 

mm  magmiiudbum  elypeum  Minervae  138.  '  Provocatives   and  restoratives 

mtyiim  9§%.i§vx*^  dietitahat;  Snet.  of  the  jaded  appetite.'    PH.  See  note 

Vit.  13.  PH.  zi.  19  sq.     Quamvis  lata  on  67. 

germt  pattUa  rhoatbum,  rhombus  latior  est  '  Falernian*  was]  a  6ery   full-bodied 

(ami  palctta;    Mart.  XIII.  Ixxxi.   A.  wine  of  Campania.  Plin.  xiv.  6.  zxii.  1. 

The  silver  dirii  of  ViteUius  had  been  pre-  PA.    Whence  its  epithets :   acre ;   ziii. 

served  as  a  sacred  deposit,  but  Adrian  216.  %ndomilum\  Pers.  iii.  3.   Luc.  z. 

slwved  his  good  seoie  by  having  it  melted  163.  ardens\  Mart.  IX.  Ixxiv.  5.  XIV. 

down.  G.  cxiii.  Hor.  II  Od.  xi.  19.  stveTum\  I  Od. 

138.  Tbe  thinness  of  the  earthen  ware  xxvii.  9.  forte ;  II  S.  iv.  24.    To  soften 

(aceordioff  to  PHnj)  constituted  its  excel-  its  austerity  it  was  mixed  with  Chian ; 

koee.  LU.  Tib.  II.  i.  28.  Ath.  i.  20.  R. 

Orham ;  cf.  L  137.  R.  The  lungs  are  considerably  affected  by 

133.  '  Some  potter  no  less  cunning  in  excess  in  liquor.  GR. 

hb  ornft,  than  was  Prometheus  the  son  of  139.  '  No  one  better  understood  the 

lapctos,  who  gave  proof  of  his  skill  by  practice,  as  well  as  tbe  theory,  of  gor« 

fianning  the  fint  man  out  of  clay.'  Ov.  ^l.  mandizing  than  Montanus.'  LU.  Crispus 

L  80  sqq.  LU.  PR.  cf.  vu  13.  xiv.  35.  must  have  been  at  least  an  equal  profi- 

ZT.  85.  Hor.  I  Od.  iii.  29  sqq.  zvi.  13  cient  in  tbe  science  of  good  eating,  as  he 

sc|q.  .£ech«  P.  V.   See  also  note  on  vL  was  the  favourite  of  ViteUius  and  the 

liO.  A.  constant  companion  of  his  scandalous  ez- 

SsMtntt  or  the  fish  would  be  spoilt.  PR.  cesses.  D.  Cass.  Izv.  2.  G. 

134.  Hor.  A.  P.  22.  Figlinas  invemt  140.  The  wanton  luxury  of  the  Romans 
CkaroBbuMAthtukntis,  in  iisorbem  Anaeharm  may  be  discerned  from  the  variety  of  their 
AS  Scythes,  ut  aUit  Hypcrinus  Corinthi%a ;  oysters,  which  were  brought  from  every 
Plia.  vii.  SdJfPR.  Pers.  iii.  23  sq.  JR.  sea.  HO.  Ostreitet  conchy  His  omnibus  com' 
'  Clay'  b  the  material,  and '  a  solid  wheel,'  tingit,  ut  cum  luna  crescant  panterparitCT' 
rerolving horizontally ,the engine  on  which  qued^rescant;  Cic.Div«ti.33.aflrMr«tffi<i^ 
the  potter  forms  his  [ware.  Jer.  zviii.  3  cents  lunaimiberes,macrcettsnues,exsucc4S; 
sqq.  H.  Ecclns.  zzzviii.  29  sq.  crescente,  pingueseunt ;  Oell.  xz.  7.  luna 


86  THE  SATIRES  sat.  iv. 

Lucrinum  ad  saxum  Rutupinore  edita  fundo 
Ostrea,  callebat  primo  deprendere  morsu; 
Et  semel  adspecti  litus  dicebat  echinL 
Surgitur  et  misso  proceres  exire  jubentur 

145  Consilio,  quos  Albanam  dux  magnus  in  arcem 
Traxerat  adtonitos  et  festinare  coactos, 
Tamquam  de  Cattis  aliquid  torvisque  Sygambris 
Dicturus,  tamquam  et  diversis  partibus  orbis 
Anxia  prscipiti  yenisset  epistola  pinna* 

150      Atque  utinam  his  potius  nugis  tota  Ille  dedisset 
Tempora  ssevitise,  daras  quibus  abstulit  Urbi 

alit  oitrea  et  impUt  echinos ;  Lucil.  lubriea  Though  he  soon  found  to  his  cost  what 

nateentet  impUnt  eonchylia  hiwB  i  Hor.  II  an  awkward  mouthful  it  was,  his  Spartan 

S.  iv.  30.  Piin.  ii.  41.  Ath.  iii.  13.    The  obstinacy  would  not  allow  of  his  putting 

Tarentine  are  extolled  by  Varro,  R.  R.  it  out  again ;  but  he  made  a  solemn  vow 

iiL  3.  and  Gellius,  vii.  16.  the  Lucrine  that  this  should  be  the  Jast '  sea-urchin' 

are  preferred  by  Seneca,  £p.  79.  and  he  ever  tasted ;  iii.  13.  PH. 
Pliny,  iz.  54  s  79.     Circait  autem  oitreii        144.  Mi$so  for  dimistih     The  consul 

earo  tutaque  nigra  tunt ;  hit  autem  neque  used  to  dismiss  the  senate  in  the  following 

duleiora  neque  teneriora  etu  ulla  eomper*  words  *  Nil  vot  moramur.  Padres  Cmt' 

turn  est ;  Id.  xxzii.  6  s  21 .  muriee  Baiano  ecripti.*  LU, 

melior  Luerina  pelorit:   ottrea  Cireeiii,        145.  Cf.  61.    R.     '  The  great  chief 

Miseno  oriuntur  eehmi ;  pectinibut  patulit  t.  e.  *  the  emperor.*  LU, 
jactat  te  moUe  Tarentum;  Hor.  II  S.  iv.         146. '  Had  dragged  them'  against  their 

32  sqq.  PR.  cf.  eund.  ii.  31  sqq.  Pers.  vi.  will.  LU,  72  sqq.  PR. 
24.  Plin.  ix.  18  t  32.  Macr.  S.  ii.  11.  iii.        AdtofiUos ;  77. 
16.  V.  Max.  iz.  1.  Col.  viii.  16.  Varr.        147.  The  Catti  occupied  the  territories 

H.  R.  iii.  17.  Sen.  Helv.  10.  R.  of  Hesse :  the  Sygambri  those  of  Guel- 

The  town  of  Circeii  in  Campania,  with  ders.  cf.  Suet.  Dom.  2.  6.  13.  PR.  and 

its  neighbouring  promontory(now  <  Monte  Euseb.  Dio  liv.  20.  22.  32.   Flor.  iv. 

CircelTo'),  was  named  after  the  famous  12.  Oros.  vi.  21.    The  latter  are  termed 

enchantress  Circe,  the  daughter  of  Sol  /eroces ;  Hor.  IV  Od.  ii.  34.  etede  gau- 

and  Perseis,  and  aunt  of  Medea.  denies;  lb,  xiv.  51.    Tacitus  says  of  the 

141.  The  Lucrine    lake  is   between  GenadiDS,  habitus  corporum  idem  omnibus : 

Baix  and  Puteoli.  Piin.  iii.  5.  PR,  Hor.  truces  et  carulei  oculi ;  4.    Cattorum  hoe 

£p.  ii.  49.  Mart  VI.  zi.  XII.  zlviii.  R.  prima  umper  aeies,  visa  torva;  31.  R. 

Edita  is  the  same  as  nata^  140.  R.  148.  '  In  order  to  communicate.'  R. 

Fundo  *  in  the  bed  of  the  sea,'  LU,  at        149.  If  a  consul  transmitted  toRome  the 

Rutupia,  now  *  Richborough'  in  Kent,  news  of  a  victory,  a  small  branch  of  bay 

FA.  was  stuck  in  the  letter ;    (Plin.  H.  N. 

143.  '  At  first  sight.'  M,  zzzv.  extr.  Pan.  8.)  if  he  sent  iotel- 

Echinus  piscis  est  marinus  e  genere  can^  ligence  of  any  reverses,  he  inserted  '  a 

crorum,  $pinis  hinutuSt  quibus  et  te  tuetur,  feather.'  VS.  [The  latter  part  is  question- 

instar  hericii,  qui  echinui  est  terrestrit,  able.]     Couriers  wore  feathers  in  their 

siatt  echinus  marinus  est  hericius.    Echino  caps ;  when  they  brought  good  news  they 

spines  pro  pedibus sunt,  ingrediett  in  orbem  wore  a  white  feather,  {libeUi  quos  rumor 

convolvi  I  ora  in  medio  corpore  ad  terram  alba  vehit  penna  ;  Mart.  X.  iii.  10.)  and 

versa;  scevitiam maris pratsagiretraditur;  a  black  one  when  the  news   was   bad, 

Plin.  ix.  31  s  51.  Atheneus  tells  a  laugh-  (nullaqite  fumosa  siniatur  lancea  penna ; 

able  story  of  a  Laconian,who,  hearing  they  Stat.  S.  v.  i.  93.  where  fumosa  *  dingy' 

were  delicious  eating  but  never  having  is  a  correction  of^nMwa.)  PL,    Or,  sim* 

seen  any  of  them  at  table  before,  put  one  ply,  '  with  precipitate  haste.'  R, 
into  his  mouth,  >hell,  prickles,  and  all.        151.  Suet.  10. 11.  15.  PR, 


SAT.  IV.  OF  JUVENAL.  87 

Illustresque  animas  impune  et  vindice  nullo ! 
Sed  periit,  postquam  cerdonibu3  esse  timendus 
Coeperat :  hoc  nocuit  Lamiarum  csede  madenti. 

152.  'if^ftsift  ^  »  X  *  f '  ^^om.  II.  A  penal  family  of  the  ADtonines  also  sprung. 
3.  A.  They  traced  their  descent  from  Lamns 

153.  Cerdo  (from  »l^)«f  '  lucre*)  '  a  king  of  the  Leestrygones.  Hor.  Ill  Od. 
oibbler,  or  any  low  mechanic.'  The  zvii.  1  sqq.  One  of  this  ancient  house 
amnios  of  Domitian  were  men  of  low  was  among  Domitian's  many  victims ; 
birth  ;  Suet.  zz.  14.  17.  LU.  '  A  Pie-  LU,  the  tyrant,  before  he  came  to  the 
beian/  Pers.  iv.  51.  PR,  as  opposed  to  throne,  had  taken  away  his  wife  Domitia 
Patriciant;  viii.  182.  cf.  iii.  294.  R»  Longina:  M.  Suet.  1.  and  put  him  to 
*'  Of  her  noblest  citizens  deprived,  Rome  death,  subsequently,  ob  tuspieioios  quidem, 
daily  mourned — and  yet  the  wretch  verum  et  veteres  et  innoxios  jocos ;  Id.  10. 
sonrived.  And    no   avenger  rose  ;    but  PR.  cf.  vi.  385. 

when  the  low  And  base-bom  rabble        This  is  a  severe  reflexion  on  the  pusil- 

came  to  fear  the  blow.  And  cobblers  lanimity  of  the  Patricians  who  tamely  sub- 

t  rem  bled — then,  to  rise  no  more,  He  mitted  to  such  cruelties  and  indignities^P  A. 

fell  still  reeking  with  the  L  a m ia  n  gore.'*  The  exultation,  with  which  tlie  poet  men- 

BM,     Baaomont  and  Fletcher  have  imi-  lions  the  prompt  and  decisive  vengeance 

tated   or  rather  translated  these  lines :  of  the  lower  orders,  shows  that  he  felt 

"  Princes  may  pick  their  suffering  nobles  proud  in  being  one  of  them,  and  seerot 

oat.  And  one  oy  one,  employ  them  to  intended  to  convey  a  salutary,  but  awful 

the  block ;   But  when  they  once  now  lesson,  both  to  the  oppressors  and  to  the 

formidable  |o  Their  clowns,  and  cobblers,  oppressed.  G.     This  satire  proves  that 

wart  then  !*'  G.  Juvenal  survived  Domitian ;   who  was 

154.  '  This  was  fatal.'  LU.  assassinated  in  the  forty-fifth  year  of  his 

The  Lamian  family  was  a  noble  branch  age  and  the  sixteenth  of  his  reign,  and 

of  the  ^lian  dan:  from  which  the  im-  was  succeeded  by  Nerva,  96  A.D.  M. 


SATIRE    V. 


ARGUMENT. 

In  this  excellent  Satire,  Juvenal  takes  occasion,  under  pretence  of  advising 
one  Trebius  to  abstain  from  the  table  of  Virro,  a  man  of  rank  and 
fortune,  to  give  a  spirited  detail  of  the  mortifications  to  which  the  poor 
were  subjected  bj  the  rich,  at  those  entertainments  to  which,  on  account 
of  the  political  connexion  subsisting  between  patrons  and  clients,  it  was 
sometimes  thought  necessary  to  invite  them. 

He  represents  even  a  beggar's  life  as  one  of  independence  compared  with 
that  of  a  parasite,  1 — 1 1 .  The  supercilious  patron  thinks  an  occasional 
invitation  to  be  a  payment  in  full  of  all  his  client's  services;  12 — ^23. 
and  yet,  when  at  the  great  man's  board,  poor  Trebius  meets  with  nothing 
but  mortifications  and  affronts.  The  host  has  all  the  luxuries  of  the 
season — a  variety  of  fine  old  wines,  30 — 37.  iced  water,  49  tq.  excellent 
white  bread,  70  sqq.  a  magnificent  lobster,  80  sqq.  surmullet,  92 — ^98. 
lamprey,  99 — 102.  giblets,  114.  poultry,  115.  wild-boar,  116.  truffles, 
116  sqq.  mushrooms,  147  sq.  &c.  &c.  and  a  delicious  dessert;  149 — 152. 
not  to  mention  the  splendid  service  of  plate,  37—45.  and  the  osten- 
tatious retinue  of  pampered  menials :  40.  56  sqq.  67.  72  sqq.  83. 120  sqq. 
while  you  are  put  at  the  bottom  of  the  table  among  a  vulgar  and  quarrel- 
some set  of  fellows,  25 — 29.  and— one  can  hardly  call  it— served  by 
some  ill-conditioned  underlings,  40  sq.  52—55.  66  sq.  73—75.  with 
vile  wine  24  sqq.  in  a  cracked  mug,46 — 48.  bad  water,  52.  infamous 
bread,  67  sqq.^-crab  and  eggs  to  correspond,  84  sq.  stale  cabbage  and 
rancid  oil,  86 — 91.  an  eel — the  sight  of  which  is  enough !  103.  and  a 
well-fed  fish— caught  in  the  common  sewer,  104  sq.  a  dish  of  toadstools, 
146.  and  two  or  three  half-rotten  apples,  153—155.  Besides  all  this, 
you  must  not  open  your  lips,  either  to  make  any  observation,  125  sqq. 
or  to  call  for  what  you  want,  60  sqq.  or  to  ask  your  patron  to  take  wine» 
129 — 131.  Money  forms  his  criterion  of  merit.  132 — 137»  especially 
where  there  is  any  chance  of  that  money  being  one  day  his,  137 — 145. 
Towards  his  poor  acquaintance  he  behaves  just  as  if  he  derived  amuse- 
ment from  tantalizing  and  insulting  them,  156  sqq.  If  they  have  the 
meanness  to  submit  to  such  treatment,  they  deserve  still  worse,  161—173. 

A  train  of  manly  indignation  pervades  the  whole ;  and  there  is  scarcely 
a  single  tnut  of  insult  and  indignity  here  mentioned,  which  is  not  to  be 
found  animadverted  upon,  with  more  or  less  severity,  in  the  writers  of 
that  age. 

^th  this  Satire  may  be  compared,  Pliny  II  Ep.  vi.  Athenseus  vi.  5 — 18. 
Petronius  Sat.  3] •  Lucian  n^}  rm  M  ftu^f  mAtrmx  and  several  passages 
in  the  old  comedy  of  The  Supposes,  by  G.  Gascoigne.     G.  R, 


•AT.  V.  THE  SATIRES  OF  JUVENAL.  89 

Si  te  propositi  nondum  pudet  atque  eadem  est  mens, 
Ut  bona  summa  putes,  aliena  vivere  quadra ; 
Si  potes  ilia  pati,  quae  nee  Sarmentus  iniquas 
Caesaris  ad  mensas  nee  vilis  Galba  tulisset : 
5  Quamvis  jurato  metuam  tibi  credere  testi. 
Ventre  nihil  novi  frugalius.     Hoc  tamen  ipsum 
Defecisse  puta,  quod  inani  sufficit  alvo : 
Nulla  crepido  vacat?  nusquam  pons  et  tegetis  pars 
Dimidia  brevier?  Tantine  injuria  coenae? 

1.  In  the  person  of  Trebius  the  poet    'P«^m  Mm>Miftr  Plut.  Ant.  t.  i.  p.  943 
mttacks  ^raiites  generally.   *  If  you  can    n.  K. 

patvpwith  the  iodignitiet  which  the  pam-  '  Uneven;*  where  all  the  guests  were 

pered  great  think  fit  to  bestow  on  their  not  treated  alike.  BRO. 

noiBble  compenions,  you  roust  be  so  lost        4.  CtBuvru — vilis  ^  '  vile  as  he  was' 

to  all  aenee  of  honour  and  gentlemanly  '  even  at  an  emperor's  table.'  LU. 

Jseltog  that  1  should  hesitate  to  believe  Ayieiut  Galba  was  a  notorious  bufifbon 

yo«  on  your  oath.'  J?.  in  the  days  of  Tibeiius  and  Augustus. 

2.  Ti  JkymSh,  *  supreme  happinees.'  VS.    He  is  often  mentioned  by  Martial : 
LU.  LU.  I.  xlii.  16.  X.  ci.  PR.  Quint,  vi. 

^  '  At  another's  board.'    Quadra  some*  3.  R. 

tiiBCt  signified '  a  trencher/  sometimes '  a        5.  Jurato  is  used  as  the  past  participle 

flat  cake  or  large  biscuit ;  which,  when  of  a  deponent  verb.  LU,    Injurato  fUus 

divided  into  quarters,  was  used  as  a  eredtt  mihi,  quam  jurato  tibi;     Plant. 

ticoehcr.'  Uor.  I  £p.  xrii.  49.    Adorea  Amph.  I.  x,  jurato  intAi  crede ;  Cic.  Att. 

liim  mbjieiwKi  «puUi:  eansumptii  aUit,  ut  xiii.  28.  prooem.  Act.  i.  in  Verr.  PR, 

■ijriiu  m  Cer$aU  9ohun  pemuria        6.  *  I  know  of  nothing  sooner  satisfied 

tdtadi,  «t  vMsms  manu  maliMqus  than  the  belly.'     Natura  paueis  est  eon- 

€m  fmtmiu  eruUi,  patulU  nte  tenta:  parvofavus  coiutat,  magna  fatti' 

fKflrfrJs:  '*  Htui!  etiam  menMot  dium;  Sen.  LU.  dives  opis  natura  suae, 

mnuf   mquit  Juitu;    Viig.  JE,  si  tu  modo  recte  dispensare  velis  i    Hor. 

TiL    109  &c  m.  267.  PR.  cf.  i.  137.  I  S.  ii.  73  sq.  PR.  Sen.  £p.  17.  1 14. 

Viry.  Mor.  48  sq.  seetee  quadra  placenta ;  119  &c.  A.  discite  quam  parvo  lieeat  pro- 

Ifajt.  III.  IxxTii.  8.  VI.  Ixxv.  1.  IX.  dueere  vitam,  et  quantum  natura  petat ; 

xcL  18.  XII.  zzzii.  18.  A.  Luc.  iv.  377.     "  But  would  men  think 

3.  Si  poUs  ifta  pati,  si  nil  perferre  with  how  small  allowance  Untroubled 
Mart.  XI.  xiiii.  15.  f*fij»  ^*^n  nature  doth  herself  suffice,  Such  super- 
IXswii^  M^  If  aurmt  ele  roTt  fluity  they  would  despise  As  with  nd 

fy^yvifum'  Loc.  13.  r«XXi^  «'«M7f  care  impeach  their  native  joys ;"  Spen- 

mmi  imtfsietn  iai^  viw  re^u^ms  tit^fstvimf  aer.  G* 

10.  S.  7.  *  But  even  supposing  a  man  to 

Smmmha  wat  a  Tuscan  slave  who  want  this  little  that  is  absolutely  needed.' 

had  ran  away  from  his  mistress  :  he  fell  LU, 

io  tbe  wmv  ci  Macenas,  and,  happening  8.  Crepido  is  '  a  raised  foot-way,'  or 

te  pieaae  him  by  his  coarse  humour,  was  '  a  niche,'  LU,  iii.  296.  PR,  or  *  a  quay.' 

taken  into  his  train,  and  afterwards  ad-  Curt.  iv.  5.  GR. 

■stted  into  the  household  of  Aogustui,  Pons,  see  iv.  116.  PR.  ziv.  134.  R. 

with  wImmi  he  became  a  favourite.    In  Teges,  *  a  rug'  or  *  mat.'  LU.  VS.  vi. 

dM  dediae  of  life  he  was  reduced  by  117.  vii.  221.ix.  140.  Mart.  VI.  xuix. 

hii  diaipatMMi  and  eitravagance  to  a  4.  IX.  xciii.  3.  XI.  xzziii.  2.  Mi.  5.  Plin. 

state  of  destitution.    Hor.  I   S.  ▼.  51  ui.  18.  Varr.  R.  R.  i.  22.  R. 

•qq.  FS.  G.  i  A  Zd^rree  nrm  KmS^-  9.  '  Do  you  set  such  a  vahie  on  a 

fH    wmeyeSete   weM^»9,   i    2nkt»Smf  supper  so  insulting V  Lf/. 

N 


90 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.    V. 


« 

10  Tam  jejuna  fames,  quum  pel  sit  honestius,  illic 

Et  tremere  et  sordes  farris  mordere  canini  ? 
Primo  fige  loco,  quod  tu  discumbere  jussus 

Mercedem  solidam  veterum  capis  officiorum. 

Fructus  amicitiae  magnae  cibus.     Imputat  hunc  rex 
15  Et,  quamvis  rarum,  tamen  imputat.     Ergo  duos  post 

Si  libuit  menses  neglectum  adhibere  clientem, 

Tertia  ne  vacuo  cessaret  culcita  lecto ; 

"  Una  simus"  ait.     Votorum  summa  I  Quid  ultra 

Quaeris?  Habet  Trebius,  propter  quod  rumpere  somnum 
20  Debeat  et  ligulas  dimittere,  soUicitus,  ne 

Tota  salutatrix  jam  turba  peregerit  orbem 

Sideribus  dubiis  aut  illo  tempore,  quo  se 


10.  J^una  fame*',  Ot.  M.  Tiii.  791. 
R. 

Pol  *  i*  faith ; '  as  edqwl,  eeoitor,  mecaitor, 
hercle,tnehercle'f  R.  which  were  oaths  by 
the  heroes  Pollux,  Castor,  and  Hercules. 

Illic  *  in  the  niche  or  on  the  bridge.' 
GRjE. 

11.'  Shiver  and  shake ;'  not  altogether 
with  the  cold,  but  as  a  trick  to  excite 
compassion.  Hence  perhaps  iremeru 
Judaa ;  vi.  543.  GR. 

*  A  filthy  piece  of  brown  barley  bread, 
which  was  chucked  out  for  the  dogs.'  cf. 
ix.  122.  PR,  Mart  X.  v.  6.  B. 

12.  '  Bear  it  in  mind  :'  noiiras  intra  te 
fige  querelas ;  ix.  94.  animis  hcec  meafigits 

dicta  I  Virp.  JE.  iii.  250.  R. 

'  W  hen  invited  to  take  a  place  at  table.' 
Convenere  toris  jiissi  discumbere  pictis; 
Virg.  iE.  i.  708.  Af. 

13.  *  Entire  :'  GRjE,  partem  eolido 
demere  de  die ;  Hot.  I  Od.  i.  20. 

Veterum  *  of  long  stajiding :'  for  ser- 
vices '  of  so  many  days  and  months  and 
years.'  GR^. 

14.  *  All  you  get  by  friendship  with 
the  great.'  M.  i.  33.  iv.  20.  74.  R, 

Hunc  i.  «.  eibum.  LU, 

*  Takes  into  the  account.'  LU.  vi.  179. 
Mart.  X.  XXX.  26.  XII.  xlviii.  13.  Ixxxiv. 
4.  SueU  Tib.  53.  Phsd.  I.  xxii.  8.  R. 

Rex  *  a  noble  patron.'  LU.  130.  M.  i. 
136.  PR. 

16.  Te  menm  adhibet  i  Hor.  IV  Od. 
v.  32.  B. 

17.  *  He  invites  vou  merely  as  a  stop- 
gap, being  disappointed  of  one  that  was 
originally  to  have  been  of  the  party.'  LU. 


T»inrU»t  rv,  nmi  eZrms  is  ri^t  Ari/Mn£«ti» 

rSf  ira^mpi(*fAi9air  Luc.  26.  H, 

18.  An  unceremonious  mode  of  in  vita* 
tion :  hodie  apud  me  m  volo;  Ter.  Heaut. 
1.  i.  110.  PR. 

Votorum  summa  ;  cf.  2. 

19.  Trebius  is  the  parasite  with  whom 
Juvenal  is  remonstrating.  PR.  39.  43. 
99.  128. 134.  156.  ix.  35.  R. 

'  A  compensation  for  broken  slumbers.' 
This  is  of  course  said  ironically,  cf.  76 
sqq.  Mart.  III.  xxxvi.  FA.  iii.  127  sqq.  Af. 

20.  Ugula  means  not  only  *  a  latchet 
or  shoestring,'  but  any  tie  used  to  fasten 
any  part  of  the  dress,  '  laces,  points, 
garters,  braces,  &c.'  M.  It  may  be 
either  derived  from  ligare ;  VS.  or  a  dimi- 
nutive of  lingua  ;  Festus.  PR,  '  To  go 
loose  and  slip-shod.'  G. 

21.  Cf.  i.  96.  117.  127.  132.  PR.  iy. 
62.  *  Shall  have  gone  its  rounds  to 
salute  its  various  patrons.'  «'«XXi^  %im^fsm* 
Luc.  10.  Nigr.  22.  discursus  1  i.  86.  R. 
or  '  Shall  have  completed  its  circle  at 
the  levee,  so  as  to  leave  no  room  for 
you.*  LU. 

22.  *'  Macb.  What  is  the  nightl  Lidy 
M.  Almost  at  odds  with  morning,  which 
is  which  j"  Shakspeare  Macb.  III.  ir. 
M.  Jamque  sub  Eoas  duhios  Atlantidis 
ignes  aUfet  ager ;  V.  Flacc.  ii.  72  sq.  si 
jam  curricula  nigram  Kox  roscida  meUtm 
stringebatf  nee  st  thatamis  Tithonia  conjus 
pratulerat  stabatque  nitens  in  limine  primo ; 
cttm  miniLS  abnuerit  noctem  desisse  tdator, 
quam  ca^isse  diem ;  SiL  v.  24  sqq.  R. 


SAT.  V.                       OF  JUVENAL.  91 

Frigida  circumagant  pigri  sarraca  Bootae.  jJI ,    j?  ^  ^ 
Qualis  coena  tamen  ?  Vinum,  quod  sucida  nolit 

23.  '  At  the  latter  part  of  the  night,  and  '  slow'  either  from  the  effects  of  cold, 

immediately  preceding  the  break  of  day ;'  V^S'^^  hiberticefrigora  noctis ;  Tib.  I.  ii.  29. 

BA/.CK.' when  only themostnorthern  or  from  the  ordinary  pace  of  herdsmen, 

constellations  are  seen  revolving.'  Bootes  tardi  venere  bubulci-,  Virg.  £.  x.  19.  or 

and  the  two  Bears  never  sink  below  our  as  nearer  the  centre  of  motion.  JR.  VS. 

horizon,  and  therefore  were  fabled  to  be  LU.  PR,  M. 

the  only  stars  that  never  dipped  in  the  'EttPif  n  M  »£itiu  i^avarr*;,  ^r«- 

ocean,      fuewwnrms    "Ttf   S^msf,    vr^i-  mura/Atwf  rtiu  vTfov  rh  iJli^Ttfv,  rvfikirt^t' 

^tTMt   0^  Jif*r0i  i^  nmrk  X'^i*   ^*  ^^^  ^'**'  "^  »»tu,  tri  tU  X^*i^*  irtiXtv 

BM#r«v*  Anac.  iii.  I  sqq.  dfAt  33  rr^f^irci  l;^«f  It)  rtTw  9»i\»7r    Luc.  24.     9u  V 

mStrif9'  Theoc   xxiv.    U  sq.  which  pas-  Atm^ra  v>Xa  »»)  narairm  (rtmvvnyt^^, 

sages  favour  those  who  interpret  this  line  m  oTri;  h  UiXjt )  TtfinXPir*  Ti^^tuat  rt  ««) 

to  mean  'even  at  midnight.'  VS.  LU.  wnut^tSf  26.    r«Xv  21  rtvrttv  «/  •'^«r- 

cumjamflectant  Icarii  iid£ratardahcv€ii  tUvu  eilro)  *a)   ft^enrtvoprtt  ytXMTt^»r 

Prop.  II.  xxxiii.  23  so.  $trtu  veruxrt  bove$  fu»rif  fth  V^auvrifAifH  fitigyis,  iri^ifiafTtt 

et  piauitra   Bootes;  III.  iv.  35.     rive  est  21  U  mvkXm  rnv  WXiy  xo)  ir^h  rSf  oUtrSv 

Aretophtflax  live  est  piger  ilU  Bootes;  ^r^xXiMJuiMi,  Mwtt  »«)  xiAMxtt  km)  rti 

Ov.  F.  iii.  405.     M.  ii.  172.  z.  446  sqq.  rctaura  ei»0viif  vrofiUofrtt'  yi^at  })\  rns 

Tr.  l.iii.  47iq.  Mart.  Vlll.zxi.  3  sq.jfam  wtn^Sis  rawfif  alnlt  n^ti^tv  ri  ip»^Ti»i9 

Phaimm   vrgere   monebat  Jion   idem  eoi  Ui?m  ^irff-ytfr  xat  ireXXHf  euruv  e^v/*^»^in' 

eclar  atherii,  aiba^e  nondum  hx  rtitltfm  Id.  Nigr.  22.  H. 

JIammus  propiaribius  eripit  astris,  et  jam  24.  Tonsura  tempus  inter  crquinoetium 

Pleias  kebet,fettt §am  plaustra  Boiitce  in  vemum  et  solstitium,  quum  sudare  iu' 

faeiem  puri  redevnt  Umguentia  cctlit  ma~  ceperunt  oves',  a  quo  sudore  recent  lana 

Jare$qve  latent  etell^,  calidumque  Trfugit  tonsa    eucida    appeUata    est.      Tonsas 

Lucifer  tpte  diem;  Luc.  ii.  719  sqq.  236  recentes  eodem  die  perungunt  vino  et  nleo: 

•q.  iv.  521  sqq.     V.  Flacc.  vii.  456  sq.  non  nemo  admixta   cera  alba    et    adipt 

Sen.  Med.  814  sqq.  Tro.  440  sqq.  H.  F.  suillo;  Varr.  R.  R.  II.  xi.  6.     This  wine 

125  sqq.    Jam  noete  tuprema  ante  fiovos  was  not  even  good  enough   for  such  a 

ortuM,  tibi  ada  superstite  planstro  Arctot  purpose  :  GH.  or  it  was  too  thick  for  the 

ad  OcMntim  fugientibus  invidet  astris;  wool  to  imbibe  it  LU.  cf.  Plin.  zxix.  2. 

Stmt.  Th.  iii.  ^33  soq.     Virg.  G.  iii.  381.  vSf  &XXatf  ^i^rot    n    »«)    iraXatiraTct 

JK,  i.  744.    The  fourteen  stars  near  the  fTV**  irififrtiv,  fi09»f  eh  ^rofti^ct  rtta  »«2 

Borth  pole  were  at  first  called  trionee  ra;^vy  Tiutf    Luc.  26.     Mart.  I.  xxi. 

u  g.  terianea  'oxen*  (from  terere),  and  IL  xlii.  III.  Ix.  IV.  Ixxxvi.  VI.  xi.  R, 

i^i^w  *  vrains'  Tiii.  255.  Quint,  viii.  3.)  That  these  are  not  merely  poetical  ex- 

from  some  fianoed  resemblance  ;  after-  aggeratioos  is  evident  from  the  following 

wards  'EXUn  and  mvpe^etfk  '  the  greater  passage :  "  I  supped  lately  with  a  person 

and    lesser    Bear*  iemret  futyAkn  and  with  whom  I  am  by  no  means  intimate, 

leemfk,  Dimct  probably  invented  by  the  who,  in  his  own  opmion,  treated  us  with 

Arcmtfiant  from  ifurn  meaning  both  *  a  much  splendid  frugality  ;  but  according 

bemr'  and 'die  north.'    And  nence,  as  to  mine,  in  a  sordid  yet  expensive  manner. 

well  m  from  the  timilarity  of  the  words  Some  very  elegant  dishes  were  served  up 

Artm»  and  Arctm,  arose  the  fable  of  Areas  to  himself  and  a  few  more  of  us  ;  while 

and  his  noClier  Callisto  being  changed  those  which  were  placed  before  the  rest 

into  bears  and  translated    to    heaven,  of  the  company  were  extremely  cheap 

Tbe  conalellation  which  seemed  to  follow  and  mean.    There  were  in  small  bottles. 

and  gnide  these  was  at  first  called  'Betirnt  three  different  sorts  of  wine ;  not  that  the 

'die  oz-drirer/  and  afterwards  'A^»*  guests  might  take  their  choice,  but  that 

wwftauai  *  the  bearward.'    Aretophylax,  they  might  not  have  an  option  in  their 

wmigo  fui  dteitar  eue  Bootes,  q^Md  quasi  power.     The  best  was  for  himself  and 

iemmm  m^junetum  pree  te  quatit  Arctum  ;  his  friends  of  the  first  rank  ;  the  next  for 

Cie.  N.  D.  n.  42.    '  Cold'  either  from  those  of  a  lower  order ;  and  the  third  for 

the  cbilfineM  of  the  air  before  day-break,  his  own  and  his  guests'  freedmen.     One 

er  fraa  being  in  the  nerdiem  heavens :  who  sat  near  me  took  notice  of  this  cir- 


92 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  V. 


25  Lana  pati :  de  conviva  Corybanta  videbis. 
Jurgia  proludunt;  sed  mox  et  pocula  torques 
Saucius  et  rubra  deterges  vulnera  mappa. 
Inter  vos  quoties  libertorumque  cohortem 
Pugna  Saguntina  fervet  commissa  lagena. 

dO  Ipse  capillato  difiusum  consule  potat 
Calcatamque  tenet  bellis  socialibus  uvam, 
Cardiaco  numquam  cyathum  missurus  amico. 


cumstance,  and  asked  me  how  I  approved 
of  it  1  Not  at  all,  I  replied.  Pray  then, 
said  be,  what  is  your  method  on  such 
occasions  ?  When  I  make  an  invitation, 
I  replied,  all  are  served  alike :  I  invite 
them  with  a  desiffn  to  entertain,  not  to 
affront  them ;  and  those  I  think  worthy 
of  a  place  at  my  tahle,  I  certainly  think 
worthy  of  every  thing  it  affords:"  Plin. 
Ep.  ii.  6.  G.  PR, 

25.  '  The  bad  wine  will  presently  dis- 
order  you  :'  VS,  *  and  you  will  become  as 
frantic  as  one  of  the  priests  of  Cybele.' 
PR. 

26.  iii.  288.  xv.  51  sq.  '  Wranglings 
from  the  prelude.'  JR.  Prolusio  is  pro- 
perly the  nourishing  of  their  weapons  by 
fencers  before  they  engage.'  M. 

Cf.  Prop.  111.  vili.  1  sqq.  V.  Flacc. 
▼.  581.  R.  natis  in  miun  UBtUiiB  »ry- 
phU  pugnart,  Thraeum  est:  toUite  bat' 
barwn  monm,  veneundumque  Bacchum 
sanguineis  prohibete  rixit ;  Hor.  I  Od. 
xxvii.  1  sqq.  PR, 

27.  Saucius  I  therefore '  in  retaliation 
and  self-defence.' 

'  Red  with  the  blood  of  your  broken 
head.'  VS, 

28.  '  The  freedmen'  were  sometimes 
admitted  to  the  lower  end  of  great  men's 
Ubles.  PR.  Pers.  vi.  23.  A.  '  Corps' 
denotes  not  only  the  numbers,  M.  but 
the  pugnacious  spirit  of  these  insolent 
knaves. 

29.  '  A  cheap  earthen  pitcher,*  made 
at  Saguntum  (now  '  Murviedro'  t.  «. '  the 
Old  Walls')  in  Spain.  LU.  BRI.  AN. 
cf.  xiv.  271.  Saguntino  pocula  Jieta  luto; 
Mart.  IV.  xlvi.  15.  Vlll.  vi.  2.  XIV. 
cviii.  Plin.  xxxv.  12  s  46.  The  town 
is  celebrated  in  history  for  its  obstinate 
and  desperate  resistance  when  besieged 
by  Hannibal.  Liv.  xxi.  6  sqq.  PR.  R. 
From  this  place  a  common  sort  of  wine 
was  also  imported.  VS, 

30.  '  When  consuls  wore  long  hair/ 


which  was  many  ages  back.  BRO,  cf. 
iv.  103.  PR.  vi.  105.  at  least  as  long 
ago  as  454  A.IJ.R. 

'  Racked  off  from  the  wood'  into  wine* 
jars,  which  were  stopped  down  with  wax, 
plaster,  or  pitch,  and  marked  with  the 
name  of  its  country,  and  the  consul's 
name  by  way  of  date  :  vina  6i6e$,  Uernm 
Tauro  diffusa;  Hor.  I  £p.  v.  4.  T.  FA. 
Cf.  Cic.  Brut.  83.  Ov.  F.  v.  517. 
Plin.  xiv.  14.  21.  Colum.  xii.  18.  Hor. 
I  Od.  XX.  1  sqq.  II.  iii.  8.  Hi.  viii.  10 
sqq.  xxi.  1  sqq.  xxviii.  8.  Pers.  v«  148. 
R,  PR.  ^ 

31.  This  is  sometimes  called  the  Mar* 
sian  war.  App.  B.  C.  i.  Eutr.  v.  Plut. 
SuU.  Oros.  V.  18.  Pa  660—^662  A.U. 
oadum  Marti  tntmorem  dueUi ;  Hor.  Ill 
Od.  xiv.  18.  We  need  not  take  the 
expression  too  literally  ;  all  that  we  are 
to  understand  is, '  very  fine  old  wine.' 
Not  but  what  the  ancients  did  keep  their 
wine  to  an  immense  age.  Pliny  for 
instance  mentions  a  wine  200  years  old ! 
adhuc  vina  ducentis  fere  annis  jam  tis 
tpeeiem  redaeta  mellis  asperi;  atqttt  htte 
natura  vitti  in  vetustate  est ;  Plin.  xiv.  4. 
He  thought  it  never  better  than  when  it 
was  twenty  years  old :  xiv.  )  4.  Hor. 
I  Od.  ix.  7.  IV.  xi.  1.  Veil.  Pat.  ii.  7. 
H.  G.  Others  refer  this  wine  to  an 
earlier  date  633  A.U.  in  the  consul- 
ship of  Lucilius  Opimius ;  (see  Flor.  iii. 
17  sq.)  when  the  vintage  was  peculiar! j 
excellent.  LU, 

*  Keeps  to  himself.'  R, 

Hall  has  imitated  this  passage  with 
much  humour :  "  What  though  be  quaff* 
pure  amber  in  his  bowl  Of  March-brew'd 
wheat ;  he  slakes  thy  thirsting  soul  With 
palish  oat  frothing  in  Boston  clav,  Or  in 
a  shallow  cruize ;  nor  must  that  stay 
Within  thy  reach,  for  fear  of  thy  cnx'd 
brain.  But  call  and  crave,  and  have  thj 
cruize  again  !'*  O, 

32.  '  He  would  not  spare  a  glass  of  it 


SAT,  ▼.  OF  JUVENAL.  93 

Cras  bibet  Albanb  aliquid  de  montibus  aut  de 
Setinis,  cujus  patriam  titulumque  senectus 
85  Deleyit  multa  veteris  fuligine  testes; 
.    Quale  coronati  Thrasea  Helvidiusque  bibebant 
Brutorum  et  Cassi  natalibus.     Ipse  capaces 
Heliadum  cnistas  et  inaequales  beryllo 

to  ttTB  the  life  of  the  best  friend  he  his.'  the  great  liberators  of  Rome.    The  for- 

Id  genuf,  qaod  Mg^3ba«>»  a  Graeit  nomt-  mer  was  put  to  death  and  the  latter 

««tirr,  nihil  aUud  ett,  quam  nimia  imbe-  banished  by  Nero.     Galba  recalled  him 

eiUiias  corparU,  quad  iU/maeho  languenU,  from  exile ;  which  would  be  one  motive 

iwmodieo  iudan  digtriiur  ....  Tertium  for  our  author's  partiality  to  that  prince. 

mmxiUum  nt,  iaib!ciUitttii  jae$ntis    eibo  By  Vespasian  he  was  prosecuted  on  a 

viu0qu§  ineewmrt, Si  eibut  luni  charge  of  sedition,  but  acquitted.  Thrasea 

aatfMf •  mrben  vini  eyathum  oporUt,  was  the  son-in-law  of  that  Psetns,  whose 

S^   CeU.  Med.  iii.  19.  M.    Plin.  zxiii.  wife  Arria  is  so  justly  celebrated  for  her 

1.    Sen.  Ed.  15.  LU,    For  »mAim,  see  heroic  constancy  in  the  well-known  epi- 

Scbol.  oo  Tnoc.  ii.  49.   For  eyathui,  Hor.  gram  :    Ca$ta  $uo  gladium  ^c.     These 

HI  Od.  Tin.  13.  JR.  names  are  not  inserted  so  much  to  mark 

33.  '  He  had  a  varietY  of  excellent  the  excellence  of  the  wine  as  the  poet's 
wiaes.'  The  prodace  of  the  Alban  hills,  abhorrence  of  Domitian ;  to  whom  these 
aaar  the  city;  Plin.  ziv.  2.  6.  LU.  two  patriots  were  so  peculiarly  obnoxious* 
Mart.  XIII.  ciz.  PJRL  only  iofsrior  to  that  ne  put  one  person  to  death  for  call- 
Faleruao.  Diooys.  i  12.  Hor.  IV  Od.  ing  Thrasea  a  man  of  sanctity,  and 
si.  1  iq.  Galen  in  Atb.i.20.  R.  Addison  another  for  writing  the  life  of  Helvidius. 
tdb  US  ia  bis  Italian  travels,  that  Alba  VS.  Tac.  A.  xvi.  Suet.  Ner.  37.  Dom. 
still  picierves  its  credit  for  wine, '' which  10.  PR,  This  is  one  of  those  impas- 
woald  probably  be  as  good  now  as  it  sioned  bursts  into  which  our  poet  is  so 
vat  anciently,  did  they  preserve  it  to  so  frequently  betrayed  unpremeditatedly  by  , 
gfeat  an  age."  G.  his  enthusiastic  love  of  liberty :  i.  16  sq. 

34.  A  Campantan  wine,  which  Pliny  iv.  150  sqq.  viii.  260.  xiv.  41  sqq.  254  sq. 
mferred  to  the  preceding;  it  was  the  RI. 

twNNuile  with  Augustas;  Plin.  ziv.  6.  8.  37.  L.  Junius  Brutut,  the  ezneller  of 

un.  1.  zziiL  2.  Mart.  VI.  Izxxvi.  IX.  the  Tarquins,  M,  Jun.  Brutus,  the  chief 

iii.  X.  laziv.  XIII.  exit. cf.  X.  27.  Strab.  conspirator  with  Castius  against  Cssar, 

▼•  pi.  229.    Ath.  i«  48.    The  modem  and  p.  Jun.  Brutus,  who,  in  the  attempt 

BaoM  of  Setim  is  '  Stzse.'  PR,  R.    This  to  uphold  the  cause  of  liberty  against 

paasaiEe  also  it  wtU  imitated  by  Hall :  Antony,  perished  on  the  field  of  battle. 

•*  If  Virro  liat  revife  his  heartless  graine  PR. 

l%ith  wne  Freach  ^po  or  pure  Cana-  From  the  practice  of  keeping  '  the 

-^ — ;  While  pleanog  Bourdeauz  falls  birthdays'  of  the  illustrious  dead,  may 

his  lott  Some  sowerish  Rochelle  have  originated  the  custom  of  celebrating 

tby  thirsting  throat."  G.  the  memories  of  martyrs ;  but  it  was  the 

See  note  oo  SKk  JR.  anniversary  of  thev  deaths  which  was 

35.  '  The  mooldinesB.'  M.  observed,  as  being  the  date  of  their  being 

36.  On  days  of  particular  rejoicing  born  into  a  better  world.  HN,  ME, 
tka  Rosnaos  wore  garlands  at  their  ca-  Mart.  VIII.  xxxviii.  II  saq.  R> 
roysals  is  imitation  of  the  Asiatic  Greeks.  38.  If  the  poet  intendea  el€ctrum  *  an 
BRL  Their  cbaplcts  were  at  first  of  alloy  of  gold  with  one-fifth  of  silver,'  the 
njp  then  of  parsley,  then  of  myrtle,  periphrasis  is  incorrect.  BRL  GR,  Plin. 
anerwarda  of  roses.  FA,  Hor.  II  Od.  ix.  40.  xxxiii.  4  s  23.  Virg.  M.  viii. 
vii.  7  sq.  23  sqq.    Tib.  I.  -vii.  52.    Hor.  402.  cf.  xiv.  307.  It  is '  amber'  that  was 

I  Od.  zxxvi.  15  sq.  IV  Od.  xi.  3  sqq.  JR.    fabled  to  be  produced  by  the  tears  shed 

II  Od.  Tii.  7  sq.  23  sqq.  M.  I  Od.  xxxviii.    (on  the  banks  of  Eridanus )  for  the  loss  of 
FcfMj   Tknuea    and    hb   son-in-law    Phaethon,  by  his  sisters  the  daughters  of 

HHmdmM  Priaeus,  from  their  hatred  of    Sol  ^*HXi«f ),  who  were  transformed  into 
tytmamj,  vsed  to  keep  the  birth^ys  of    poplara  or  alders.    Ov.  M.  ii.  340  sqq. 


94 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  V. 


Virro  tenet  phialas :  tibi  non  committitur  aurum ; 
40  Vel,  si  quando  datur,  custos  affixus  ibidemi 

Qui  numeret  gemmas  unguesque  observet  acutos. 

Da  veniam :  prseclara  illic  laudatur  iaspis. 

Nam  Virro,  ut  multi,  gemmas  ad  pocula  transfert 

A  digitis,  quas  in  vaginae  fronte  solebat 
45  Ponere  zelotypo  juvenis  praelatus  larbse. 


Ponere  zelotypo  juvenis  praelatus  larbae.     /  ^  i^ 

Tu  Beneventani  sutoris  nomen  habentem  fi^j^'^'^^*^^'*^ 
SiccaSis  calicem  nasOriim  quatuor  ac  jam' 
Quassatum  et  rupto  poscentem  sulphura  vitro. 

Si  stomachus  domini  fervet  vinoque  ciboque ;  /    -      / 
iffidior  Geticis  petitur  decocta  pruinis.     CC^^    '^U/fC^ 


60  Frigid 


X.  263.  Plin.  zxxvii.  2  sq.  Virg.  £.  vi. 
62  sq.  i£.  z.  190.  Mart.  IX.  ziv.  6. 
Tac.  G.  46.  PR.  ft.  •  Cups  rough  with 
beryls  and  carved  iucrustations  of  amber:  * 
Iv  Ilk  tmn.  Or  *  the  cups  set  with  amber' 
stood  in  *  shallower  vessels  studded  with 
gems.'  Each  person  at  table  used  to 
nave  both  a  ^ocxdum  and  a  phiala,  as 
we  have  '  a  cup  and  a  saucer'  at  break- 
fast and  tea-time. 

On  '  the  beryl'  see  Plin.  xxvii.  5. 
Turba  gemmarum  potamui,  ei  $maragdis 
teximus  calictti  Id.  iii.  pr.  PR.  x.  27. 
Mart.  XIV.  cix.  Virg.  G.  ii.  506.  JE, 
i.  728.  R.  Green  is  the  colour  which 
harmonizes  best  with  gold.  SA. 

39.  By  Virro  is  meant '  the  wealthy 
host/  PR. 

40.  '  A  servant  is  s«t  as  a  guard  over 
you.*    Cic.  Vcr.  iv.  15.  R. 

41. '  Lest  any  should  be  missing;  and 
lest  you  should  try  to  pick  them  out.' 
LU.  M. 

42.  '  Such  precautions  are  excusable : 
you  must  not  be  offended  at  them.'  VS, 

*  There  is  a  particularly  bright  jasper, 
which  is  universally  admired,  set  in  that 
cup.'  Plin.  xxzviL  8  s(^.  TR, 

43.  The  transfer  of  jewels  from  arms 
to  cups  is  indicative  of  a  similar  transfer 
of  affections ;  and  intimates  that  the  de- 
generate Romans  were  votaries  of  Bac- 
chus rather  than  of  Mars.  PL, 

Ut  multi  denotes  that  *  it  was  become 
fashionable.'  Af.    Mart.  IV.  cvii.  R. 

44.  '  On  the  hilt  of  bis  sword.'  LU. 
IIU  ttellatus  iaspide  ^fulva  en$i$  trot ; 

Virg.  iE.  IV.  261  s^.  LU. 

45.  A  periphrasis  for  ^neas,  whom 
Dido  prefcrrta  to  her  other  suitor  larbos 


pruinis. 

king  of  Getulia.  LU,    Virg.  JE.  iv.  36. 
196  sqq.  R, 

46.  The  name  of  this  Beneventan  sot 
was  Vatinius.  On  his  way  to  Greece, 
Nero  apud  Beneveiitum  consedit :  ubi  gla- 
diatorium  munui  a  Vatinio  ceUbre  ede- 
batur,  Vatinius  inter  fadiaima  ^us  aula 
ostenta  fuit,  tutrina  tabema  alumnus, 
corpora  detorto,  facetiis  scurrilUnft :  prima 
in  contumelias  adsnmtu$;  deinde  optimi 
cujusque  criminatione  eo  u»que  valuit,  ut 
gratia,  pecunia,  vi  nocendi,  etiam  maUn 
pramineret;  Tac.  A.  xv.  34.  Xiph.  Ixiii. 
15.  vilia  iutoris  calicem  moni- 
menta  Vatini  accipe:  ted  nasus  longior 
iUefait;  Mart.  XIV.  xcvi.  The  allusioo 
here  is  to  his  keen-nosed  sagacity  when 
put  upon  the  scent  of  blood.  LL  Tac. 
Ii.  1.  37.   R. 

47.  '  Wilt  drain.'  From  this  it  seeiM 
that  this  '  four-spouted  beaker*  did  not 
hold  much  ;  xiii.  44.  Hor.  I  Od.  xxxv. 
27.  xxxi.  11.  II  S.  vi.  68.  R,  perhaps 
for  the  cause  mentioned  in  the  next  line. 

48.  The  jug  wanted  sulphur  to  cement 
it ;  VS,  or  perhaps  it  was  too  far  gone  to 
be  mended,  and  therefore  should  have 
been  exchanged,  as  broken  glass,  for 
brimstone  matches:  Transtiberinus  om- 
bulator,  qui  paUentia  sulphurata  fractit 
permutat  vitreig;  Mart.  I.  xlii.  3  sqq. 
circulatrix  qua  tulphurato  nolit  emta 
ramento  Vatiniorum  proxenetafractarum ; 
X.  iii.  28aq.  PR.  cf.  Plin.  xxxvi.  19, 26. 
xxix.  3.  k. 

49.  iii.  233  sq.  M. 

50.  The  country  of  the  Gette,  who 
bordered  on  Scythia,  is  now  called 
*  Moldavia,'  PR, 

Nermtis  prineipis  inventum  est  decor 


SAT.  V.  OF  JUVENAL.  95 

Nod  eadem  vobis  poni  modo  vina  querebar : 
Vos  aliam  potatis  aquam.     Ubi  pocula  cursor 
Gaetulus  dabit  aut  nigri  manus  ossea  Mauri 
£t  cui  per  mediam  nolis  occurrere  noctem, 

55  Clivosfle  veheris  dum  per  monimenta  Latinae. 
Flos  Asiae  ante  ipsum,  pretio  majore  paratus, 
Quam  fuit  et  TuUi  census  pugnacis  et  Anci 
Et,  ne  te  teneam,  Romanorum  omnia  regum 
Frivola.     Quod  quum  ita  sit,  tu  Gaetulum  Ganymedem 

60  Respice,  quum  sides.     Nescit  tot  millibus  emtus 
Pauperibus  miscere  puer :  sed  forma,  sed  setas 


f««r«    aquam,  vHrtHpie  demissam  in  Pind.  N.  viii.  15.  vaturSt  ottrH*   P.  iv« 

miou  rtfrigtrare:  Ua  voiuptasjrigorit  335.    There  is  also  an  allusion  to  '  the 

amtmgii  tine  vitiis  ttivti.    omnem  utiqut  bloom  of  youth  :'  avijhre  virent;  Sil.  i. 

iecoctam  mtiliorem  csm  eonvenit ;  item  60  sq.  iii.  84.  vii.  69 1 .  The  most  fashion- 

eaUfretam  wiati*  refir^erari ;  Plio.  zxxi.  able  and,  of  course,  the  most  expensive 

3.  SveL  48.  Mart.  fl.  Ixxx?.  I.  XIV.  slaves  were  those  imported  from  Asia 

cxri.  Ath.  iil.  34.  Sen.  N.  Q.  iv.  13.  Minor  i  xi.  147.    For  the  importance 

PA.    R.    The  toow  was  preserved  in  attached  to  this  part  of  the  establish- 

caveras.  and  places  like  our  ice-houses.  31.  ment,  (fiu^aum  i^mTaitmusuy/tim'  Luc. 

51.  The  wine  was  not  circulated  round  16.)  see  ix.  46  nqq.  xiii.  44.  (Jic.  Fin.  ii. 
the  table,  bat  placed  before  each  guest.  23.  and  on  the  other  hand,  xi.  145  sqq. 
LU.  Mart.  VIII.  xxxix.  4.  IX.  xxiii.  9  sqq. 

52.  '  A  ranning  footman.'  M,  omue*  Ixxiv.  6.  XIII.  cviii.  R. 

me  jam  peregrinantur  ut  Ulot  Nwnidarum  Uoderstaod  Hat,  65.  cf.  SL,  on  l^rtifu, 

priteunat  equitatus,  tit  agmen  cursor  um  •13.  R. 

tnUeedat ;  Sen.  Ep.  123. 88.Tac.  H.  ii.40.  Enormous  prices  were  given  for  hand- 
Suet.  Ner.  30.  Mart.  III.  xlvii.  X.  vi.  some  slaves  at  Rome,  especially  if  they 
xiii.  XII.  xxiy.  These  Negro  couriers  were  Greeks:  Plin.  vii.  12.  Suet.  Caes. 
were  celebrated  for  their  speed:  Luc.  iv.  47.  Liv.  xxxix.  44.  Mart.  III.  Ixii.  R, 
€81.  Nemes.  Cyn.  261.  Not  but  what  57.  The  third  and  fourth  kings  of 
thej  were  also  employed  as  in-door  ser-  Rome.  Tullus  flostilius  was  a  very 
vanti :  Hor.  II  S.  viii.  14.  Theoph.  Ch.  warlike  prince  }  Virg.  JE.  vi.  813  sqq. 
xxi.  Ath.  IT.  29.  Cic.  ad  Her.  iv.  50.  R.  Liv.  i.  22  sqq.  Macr.  S.  i.  6.  He  was  the 
'  A  hfdey  ;*  LU.  which  word  may  come  conqueror  of  Alba.  Flor.  3.  PR,  For 
frotD  the  JEthiopic  iayky  *  a  servant ;  kings  they  were  rich,  as  times  went, 
from  the  root  laaea  '  be  sent.'  divei  TuUus  et  Aneus  i    Hor.   IV  Od. 

53.  '  Of  a  blackamoor.'  vii.  15.  but,  compared  with  the  wealth 

54.  '  Because  yon  might  take  him  for  of  later  ages,  they  were  poor  i  utinam 
a  ^»ectre  cot  of  the  tombis :'  or  '  because  remeare  liceret  ad  veteres  fine*  et  mocnia 
it  was  conndered  ominous  to  meet  a  pauperis  Anci  %  Claud.  B.  G.  108  sq.  R. 
Black*'  BRO.  T.  cf.  vL  572.  601.  655.  58.  iii.  183.  M. 

Mart.  VII.  Izxxvi.  2.     Both  M.  Brutus  59.  '  Mere  trifles  in  comparison.'  M. 

and  Hadrian  are  said  to  have  foreboded  iii.  198.  R. 

death  from  having  each  other  met  with  Ganymede  was  a  beautiful  boy,  son  of 

an  Ethiopian.  Pint,  and  Spart.  PR.  Tros  and  Callirhoe,  who  viras  carried  off 

55.  i.  171.  PR.  by  the  eagle  to  be  Jove's  cup-bearer. 

56.  '  Such  as  was  Ganymede.'  LU.  (See  this  explained,  Cic.  T.  Q.  i.  65.  iv. 
Cic.  PbU.  ii.  15.  iii.  5.  Virg.  JE.  viii.  71  sqq.)  PR.  ix.  47.  xiii.  43.  Mart.  IX. 
SOO.  JIat  juvenum  and  juventutis ;  Liv.  xxiii.  1 1  sq.  Ixxiv.  6.  V.  Ivi.  VIII.  xlvi. 
viii.  8.  28.  xxvil  35.  xxxvii.  12.  Met  m  5.  CR.  R. 

"Ktwmim'  Thuc.  iv.  133.  h^t  «Ur«r  61.  On  the  practice  of  mixing  wine, 


96  THE  SATIRES  sat.  v, 

Digna  supercilio.    Quando  ad  te  pervenit  ille  ? 

Quando  vocatus  adest  calidae  gelidaeque  minister? 

Quippe  indignatur  veteri  parere  clienti) 
65  Quodque  aliquid  poscas  et  quod  se  stante  recumbas. 

Maxima  quaeque  domus  sends  est  plena  superbis. 
Ecce  alius  quanto  porrexit  munnure  panem 

Vix  fractum,  solidse  jam  mucida  frusta  farinas, 

Quae  genuinum  agitent,  non  admitteutia  morsum  ! 
70  Sed  tener  et  niveus  mollique  sili^ne  factus 

Servatur  domino.     Dextram  cohibere  memento.  , 

Salva  sit  artocopi  reverentift     Finge  tamen  te   jQ^^f^'^Jj^ 

i  ^'  TTTinrohiiliiTn.  siinerest  illic.  nui  nonerfi  noornf:  \r 


^  it^l^  ^  ' ;  ^' Improbulum,  superest  illic,  qui  ponere  cogat: 


/ 


<^  Vis  tu  consuetis  audax  eonviva  canistris 


see  Atb.  ii.  2.   PA.    It  wai  the  cup-  67.  'Ejcc*^  iv.  1.  adtfieet  ▼-  80.  R. 

bearer*!  office  to  pour  the  wine  into  tne  *  ^th  what  ill-will  and  grumbling.' 

cup  in  such  proportion  or  quantity,  as  M. 

each  chose:  muetridtbtthoeaGanymtdt  68.   "  Impenetrable   crusts,    Black, 

merum;  Mart.  XIII.  cviii.  IX.  xxxvii.  mouldy  fragments,  which  no  teeth  can 

12.    M.    The    chief   reason    why   the  chaw.  The  mere  despair  of  every  aching 

ancienu  mixed  their  wine  with  water  jaw."  G.    '  So  hard  that  cutting  it  was 

was,  that  their  wine  coagulated  by  the  quite  out  of  the  question,  and  that  it  was 

great  age  to  which  it  was  kept,  and  broken  with  the  greatest  difficulty.'  cf. 

required  the  admixture  of  warm  water  to  Plin.  xix.  4.  R. 

dissolve  it  so  as  to  be  fit  for  drinking.  69.  '  Which  would  tire  out  and  loosen 

ACH,  the  grinders.'    Pers.  i.  115.  PR.    Plin. 

62.  '  His  disdain  becomes  bis  youth  xi.  37  s  63.  R. 

and  beauty.*  ii.  15.  vi.  169.    SuptreUia  70.  '  Of  the  whitest  and  finest  wheat- 

hemini  et  pariUr  it  aUerne  mohilia,  et  in  flour.'  Plin.  zviii.  7  sqq.^PR.    Sen.  £p. 

tit    pan    animi,      Negamti$,  annuimuu  119.  Colnm.II.vi.  l.ix.  13.  R.  "What 

Hae  maxime  indicant  fattum,    Superbia  though  he  chires  on  purer    mancbet's 

alivfn  coneeptaeulum,  id  hie  tedem  habet,  crown  While  his  kind  client  grinds  on 

In  eorde  nasctCur,  hue  aubit,  hie  pendet,  black  and  brown,  A  jolly  rounding  of  a 

Nihil  aUiui  simul  abruptiusque  invenit  in  whole  foot  broad,  From  ofi*  the  mong- 

eorpore,  ttbi  iolitaria  eoit;   Plin.  xi.  37.  com  heap  shall  Trebhis  load;"  Hall.  V.iL 

PR.  R.  Manners  were  strangely  altered  since  the 

63.  Ath.  ii.  2.  LU,  Id.  6.  iii.  34  sq.  days  of  Cvsar,  who  is  said  to  bare 
Pollux  ix.  6.  Plin.  vii.  53.  Tac  A.  punished  his  '  pantler'  severely,  for 
ziii.  16.  Frigida  non  dent,  non  deerit  serving  his  guests  with  inferior  bread  to 
ealda  petenti;  Mart.  XIV.  cv.  1.  From  what  was  pTaoed  before  himsdf.  SneU 
which  it  apnears  that  the  ancients  drank  48.  G. 

hot  as  well  as  cold  water  with  their  71.  ■  Mind  yon  restrain :' M.^f^mpr*: 

wine.  PR,  R.    Among  us  it  is  custom-  more  forcible  than  the  simple  imperative ; 

ary,  after  supper,  to  put  both  hot  and  vi.  572.  ix.  93.  R. 

cold  water  on  table  for  the  same  purpose.  72.  *  Let  sJl  due  respect  be  paid  to  the 

64.  i.  132.    The  very  circumstance,  servant  who  cuts  the  bread.' R. 
which  ought  to  command  respect,  excites  *  But  even  supposing.*  LU. 
contempt  R.  73.  '  A  little  impudent.*  PR. 

65.  '  Thinking  himself  the  better  of  74.  Vi*  tu  is  not  only  interrogative» 
the  two.'  G.  but  imperative.    Sen.  Ir.  iii.  38.  GRO. 

66.  Servants  take  their  cne  from  their  Hor.  II  S.  vi.  92.  BY.  HK.  '  Be  so 
masters :   R.  according  to  the  English  good  as.' 

proverb  "  Like  master,  like  roan."  '  Bread-baskets.'  Af. 


•AT.  ▼.  OF  JUVENAL.  97 

75  Impleri  panisque  tui  novisse  colorem  ?' 

**  Scilicet  hoc  fuerat,  propter  quod,  saepe  relicta 
Conjuge,  per  montem  adversum  gelidasque  cucurri 
Esquilias,  fremeret  saeva  quum  grandine  vernus 
Jupiter  et  multo  stillaret  pssnula  nimbo  !'' 

80  Adspice,  quain  longo  distendat  pectore  lancem, 
Quae  fertur  domino,  squilla  et  quibus  undique  septa 
Asparagis,  qua  despiciat  convivia  cauda, 
Quum  venit  excelsi  manibus  sublata  ministri. 
Sed  tibi  dimidio  constrictus  cammarus  ovo 

85  Ponitur,  exigua  feralis  coena  patella. 

76.  Thit  it  the  dient's  indifmant  re-    tendtt  tpieit harrea plena  Cent ;  Tib. II. 
Bomtrmoce,  PR.  or  •oliloouy.  JR.   '  So !     ▼.  84.  It, 
this  ii  all  I  am  to  expect  for  getting  out        81.  Domino,  cf.  i.  135  sq.  R. 


of  iDY  warn  bed,  and  faggiog  up-hill        There  were  two  kiodt  of  6th  known 

and  down-bill  at  all  hoars  of  the  night,    by  this  name,  one  of 

even  tboogh  it  rained  cats  and  dogs.'  M.    dish  of  itself,  *  lobster,'  as  here :  the  other 


a 


neqnently   complains   of  this  served  as  sauce  to  other  fish ;    affertur 

grievance:     ne    expostulates    with    his  19111  Has    inter    muretna    natantet    in 

patron   in   the  following  sensible   and  patina  porreeta;  Hor.  II  S.  Tiii.  412  sq. 

aftctiDg  language  :   Si  quid  nostra  tnit  '  shrimps  or  prawns.'     Apicius  the  epi« 

mOeit  vexaiio  riAus,  mane,  vel  a  media  cure    went    on    a    yoyage    to    Africa, 

McCe  tfigatut  era:    tiridenteeque  feram  because  he  heard  these  fish  were  finer 

JiatMM  Aquilonii  iniqui,  et  potior  nimboe,  there,  than  any  where  else.   Suid.  Cic. 

exapiamqne  mvee,     Sed  si  non  Jiat  qua-  de  N.  D.  ii.  123.     Plin.  IX.  31  t  51. 

dramie  beatiar  una   per  gemitut  nottrot  42  t  66.    Mart.  XIII.  Ixxziii.    Ath.  iii. 

isigemuasfue  eruce$  .*    poree  preetrr  lasto,  23.  PR.  M, 

wmmaeque  remitte  laberet,  qui  tibi  non  pr»-  '  Garnished'  Af.  or  *  hedged  around.' 

mmt,  et  miki,  GaUe,  noeent ;  X.  Izxxii.  G.  82.  On  the  yirtues  of  asparogu*  tee 

Satket ;  ii.  104.  R.  Plin.  xiz.  8.  xz.  10.  PR.  R. 

77.  '  Steep  and  bleak.'  PR.  '  How  he  teem»  to  look  down  upon 
MonUm  EsquUiatque.  Iv  liA  }m!i9,  R.  (i.  159.  R.)  the  company  (so  eema ;  ii. 

Xmt^§4fitm  «^  mbrk  ^m/(«  fminrut  Aiist.  120.  R.),  as  though  proud  of  his  noble 

Rh.  I.  vii  2.  tail ;'  which  is  the  choicest  part.  LU. 

78.  I1ie  Esquiline  was  the  part  chiefly  83.  *  The  tall  sewer  or  serving- roan' 


by  the  wealthier  nobles,  iii.  71.  was  u  necessary  an  appendage  of  state 

PjR.  as  •  the  tall  chairman  ;'  iii.  240.  R. 

SteffVM  in  Italy  are  very  frequent  at  84. '  A  common  crab,'  (cf.  Plin.  xxviL 

the  beginning  of  autumn  and  the  end  of  3.  zzzii.  1 1.    Mart.  II.  zliii.    Ath.  vii. 

apnng.  iv.  87.  Virg.  G.  i.  31 1  sqq.  Hor.  75.  1 10.  PR.  R.)  '  shrunk  from  having 

lY  Od.  iv.  7.    Calp.  E.  v.  45.  /?.  been  long  out  of  the   sea,'  HO.  (or 

79.  Jupiter  ie  used  for  '  the  sky.'  PR.  '  scantily  hemmed  round  by  way  of  gar- 
Hor.  I  Od.  i.  25.  M,  nish')  '  with  half  an  egg  cut  in  slices.' 

Th»  '  cloak'  served  as  a  great  coat.  cf.  Ath.  ii.  16.     divisis  eybium  latebit 

PR.  ovit;    Mart  V.  Ixxviii.  5.    seeta  eoro- 

80.  '  80  large  that  it  seems  even  to  nabunt  rutatos  ova  laeertot ;  X.  xlviii.  1 1 . 
■tretdi  the  dish  in  which  it  is  served  up.'  72.  "  Ill-garnished  and  ill-fed."  G. 
ML  A  poetical  expression  for  (1)  « how  85.  See  Pers.  vi.  33.  PR.  The  Ro- 
ll stretenes  over  the  dish.'  Tityotnoven  mans  placed  in  the  sepulchres  of  the 
Jugtr&iu  distentut  erat :  Ov.  M.  iv.  456  dead,  to  appease  their  shades,  a  little 
aq.  is  anolber  fdrm.  Or  (2)  *  how  it  fills  milk,  honey,  water,  wine,  and  olives. 
the  dish.'  Apet  Uquido  dittendunt  HO.  These  were  afterwards  burnt,  un- 
■ertere  edlai;  Virg.  G.  iv.  164.    dit-  less  (as  was  generally  the  case)  they 

O 


98 


THE  SATIRES 


6AT«  ▼• 


Ipse  Venafrano  piscem  perfundit :  at  hie,  qui 
Pallidus  affertur  misero  tibi,  caulis  olebit 
Laternam.     lUud  enim  yestris  datur  alveolis,  quod 
Canna  Micipsarum  prora  subvexit  acuta; 
90  Propter  quod  Romae  cum  Bocchare  Demo  lavatur, 
f  Quod  tutos  etiam  facit  a  serpentibus  atris.f    <   / 
Mullus  erit  domino,  quern  misit  Corsica  vel  quern 
Tauromenitanse  rupes,  quando  omne  peractum  est 
Et  jam  defecit  nostrum  mare,  dum  gida  ssevit. 


were  stolen  by  a  set  of  stanring  wretches, 
who  frequented  the  burial-grounds  for 
this  purpose.  With  all  their  reverence 
for  the  dead,  the  ancients  were  strangely 
inattentive  to  their  diet.  It  was  scanty, 
of  the  worst  quality,  and  ill-cooked. 
Plautus  says  of  a  bad  cook,  that  he  was 
only  fit  to  dress  a  supper  for  the  dead : 
Pseud.  III.  ii.  7.  Aul.  II.  iv.  45.  and  those 
who  condescended  to  help  the  deceased 
off  with  their  scurvy  meals,  were  stig- 
matized as  the  most  necessitous  of  human 
beings :  vxor  Meiieni,  MPpe  quam  in  sepul- 
cretis  vidistis  ipso  rapere  de  rogo  cctnam  ; 
Cat.  lix.  2  sq.  G.  The  proper  name  for 
this  supper  was  tiVtcerniutn ;  it  was  offered 
on  the  ninth  day.  Tac.  A.  vi.  5.  LI, 
cf.  vi.  518.  Luc.  D.  Mori.  i.  1.  etind. 
KmrJiwX.  7.  R, 

Patella  is  a  diminutive,  and  yet  has 
the  epithet  exigua,  to  show  what  *  a  very 
little  plate*  it  was  :  M.  as  eiigua  ofella ; 
xi.  144.  et  Ubate  dopes ;  ut  grati  pignus 
honoris  nutriat  incinetos  missa  patella 
lares ;  Ov.  F.  ii.  633  sq.  R. 

86.  Venafrum  in  Campania  produced 
the  finest  oil.  LU.  Plin.  xv.  2.  Hoc 
tibi  Campani  sudavit  bacea  Venafri  uw 
guentum  :  qxioties  stimu,  et  istud  olet ; 
Mart.  XIII.  ci.  PR.  Hor.  II  Od.  vL  16. 
M.  Cf.  Hor.  II  S.  u.  59  8qq.  iil  125. 
iv.  50.  R,  They  used  oil,  where  we  use 
melted  butter. 

87.  The  greens  had  turned  vellow 
from  keeping,  and  had  been  boiled  care- 
lessly: ne  tU>i  palUntes  tnoveant  fastidia 
cauUst  nitrata  viridis  brassica  fiat  aqua  ; 
Mart.  XIII.  xvli.  PR,  •  Will  stink  of 
the  lamp*  (alluding  perhaps  to  what  was 
said  of  Demosthenes,  Xu^^n  S^u)  show- 
ing that  it  was  greased  with  rancid  lamp- 
oil.  Hor.  I  S.  vi.  124.  LU,  Theoph. 
Ch.  zi.  4.  six.  3.  R, 

88.  Understand  oleum.  It  was  made 
from  sesamum ;  Plin.  xv.  2.  7.  R, 


*  Wooden  saucers.'  T,  [Livy  zzviii, 
45,  12.  ED.] 

89.  In  India  arundines  tanta  proceri- 
tatis,  tit  »ing}ila  intemodia  alvBO  navi- 
gabili  temM  interdum  homines  ferant  ; 
Plin.  vii.  2.  JD.  nave*  in  Nilo  ex  pa- 
pyro,  et  scirpo,  et  arundine  \  56.  PRm 
*  A  canoe.'  M, 

*  Of  the  Numidians.'  Micipsa,  kine 
of  Numidia,  was  son  of  Masinissa,  and 
uncle  of  Jugurtha.  R, 

90.  Bocchar  is  another  Numidian 
name :  Liv.  xxix.  30  sqq.  PR.  R.  *  No 
Roman  would  enter  the  bath  with  one  of 
them  ;  no,  though  it  were  king  Bocchar 
himself.'  M. 

91.  Cf.  Hor.  II  S.  viii.  95.  Ill  Od. 
X.  IS.  LU.  and  iv.  17. 

The  awkward  repetition  of  quodt  and 
the  absence  of  the  line  from  several 
ancient  mss.  (PUL.)  and  its  transpo- 
sition in  another,  render  it  not  impro- 
bable, that  this  line  originates  in  a 
note  of  the  Scholiast,  assigning  a  rea- 
son why  the  Africans  used  such  rancid 
oil.  R. 

"  Such  rotten  grease,  as  Afric  sends 
to  town  :  So  strong  !  that  when  her  fac- 
tors seek  the  bath.  All  wind,  and  all 
avoid  the  noisome  path  %  So  pestilent ! 
that  her  own  serpents  fly  Tne  horrid 
stench,  or  meet  it  but  to  die."  G. 

92.  UuUusi  iv.  15.  PR.  and  141. 

93.  Tanromenium,  now  called  '  Ta- 
ormina,'  is  a  town  on  the  eastern  coaat 
of  Sicily  :  PR.   Diod.  xiv.  60.  xvi.  7.  R. 

'  Has  been  gone  through.'  Factui 
inops  agiliperagitfreta  ccerula  remo, 
quasque  male  amisit,  nvnc  male  qveerit 
opes ;  Ov.  Her.  xv.  65  sq.  V.  Flac.  i. 
283. 566.  Cf.  Pers.  vi.  75  sq.  I.udan 
says  of  merchants  iira^mf  Amriif  mi) 
trifrm  mlymKif,  in  iiViZv,  In^umiri^ivM 
»«/  tma^rst  Xth*  Tox.  t.  li.  p.  511. 
R. 


SAT.  V.  OF  JUVENAL.  99 

95  Retibus  adsiduis>\penitus  scrutante  macello        / 
Proxima,  nee  patimur  Tyrrhenum  crescere  piscem. 
Instruit  ergo  focum  provincia :  sumitur  illinc 
Quod  captator  emat  Lenas,  Aurelia  vendat. 
Virroni  mursena  datur,  quae  maxima  venit 
100  Gur^te  de  Siculo :  nam,  dum  se  continet  Auster, 
Dum  sedet  et  siccat  madidas  in  carcere  pennas, 
Contemnunt  mediam  temeraria  Una  Charybdim.    .;»* 
Vos  anguilla  manet  longse  cognata  colubrae, 
Aut  glacie  acS^rsus  maculis  Tiberinus  et  ipse 

95.  '  Tbe  market.'  i.  «.  '  those  who  '  Keeps  within  the  cave  of  ^olua/ 
aopply  the  market.'  LU.  PR.  cf.  i.  8. 

96.  Quod  diuolutus  delieiit  ttomaekiu  101.  '  Sits :' see  note  on  »<ir«r«i*  Her. 
vix  admittat,  a6  ultimo  ftetUur  Octano ;  iii.  134.  dum  $e  eohibet,  terimurqu€ 
vomunt  ut  edant,  edunt  ut  vomant ;  Sen.  sedendo;  Sil.  vii.  151.  R. 

HtU.O  extr.LU,    Omne penerutari  pro-        *  His  wet  pinions.'   madidit  Nottu 

fumdum  ;  ib.  10.  i?.  evolat  a  lis,  terrU)iiem  picea  tectui  caligint 

97.  '  Has  to  supply  with  fish  our  vuUum :  barba  gravis  nimbis ;  cants  finit 
kitchea.'  iy.  66.  M,  undo  eapiilis  ;    fronte   sedent    uebuUe  ; 

98.  Auretiawvi  a  rich  and  childless  r  or  ant  pennaeque  sinusque:  Ov.  Met. 
old  lady,  whose  good  graces  Lenaj,  one  i,  264  iqq.tellusnubibusadsiduispluvioque 
oi    those     legacy-hanters    (VS.)    who  madescit  ab  Austro;  659(i.Ge\\,\u 
swarmed  in  Kome»  tried  to  secure  by  22.  PR,  humidusAuster;  Claud.  L.  Stil. 
handsome  presents.  She  either  preferred  ii.  95.  R,  udut  Notus ;  Ilor.  £.  x.  19  sq. 
money  to    surmullets,  or  else  had  so        '  In  prison.'    vasto  rex  ^otus  antro  | 
many  dainties  of  the  kind  sent  to  her,  that  luctantes  ventos  tempestatetque  sonoras^m- 
ihej  would  only  have  been  spoiled  if  she  periopremit, ac  vinclis  et  carcerefrenat;\     J^ 
had  not  disposed  of  them.  G.  L(7.  iv.  18  Virg.  i£.  i.^6«4i{»qq.  VR.  et  elauso  ventorum  4  ^ 
sq.  PR.  zii.  93  sqq.  R.    An   amusing  carcere  regnet ;    141.   LU.  clauserat 
anecdote  is  told  of  this  old   lady  by  Hippotades  aterno  carcere  ventoi;  Ov. 
Pliny  ;  Ep.  ii.  20.  G.  M.  iv.  662. 

99.  Thu  is  a  species  of  eel  found  in  102.  '  The  very  centre  of  Charybdis.' 
tke  Mediterranean,  and  still  in  high  esti-  A  whirlpool  off  *  Cape  Faro/  so  forroi- 
mation  there:  F£.  it  differs  from  the  fish  dable  in  rough  weather,  that  the  opposite 
we  call  '  a  lamprey,'  chiefly  in  the  con-  perils  of  Scylla  and  Charybdis  became 
formation  of  its  head.  Our  lamprey  is  proverbial  :  ineidit  in  Scytlam,  qui  vuU 
principally  confined  to  the  Severn ;  when  vitare  Charybdim,  LU.  dexlrum  Scylla 
brought  to  market,  which  is  very  rarely,  tatut,  lavum  implaeata  Charybdis  obtidet ; 
it  fetches  an  extravagant  price.  G.  Ac*  Vire.  M.  iii.  420  sq.  Strab.  vi.  PR. 
eenAmntuT  murmnm  ad  piscinas  nostra  *  The  venturesome  nets*  for  '  the  fisher- 
urbi»  ednaque  fr e 1 0  Sieulo  quod  Rht'  men'  themselves,  cf.  iv.  45.  LU, 
giismm  Messana  despicit.  iUie  emim  optima  103.  *  Akin'  both  in  appearance,  VS. 
«  prwi^^etie  crsdunttir;  Macr.iii.  15.ii.  and  in  name,  being  the  diminutive  of 
11.  Plin.  ix.  23.  54  sq.  xzxii.  2.  Ath.  vii.  anguis.  GR.  *  A  conger.' 

18.  i.  4.  Varr.  R.  R.  II.  vi.  2.  III.  iii.  10.  104.  UndersUnd  lupus :    '  A  coarse 

zriL  3.  Poll.  vi.  63.  Mait.  XIII.  Ixxz.  kind  of   pike.'    Those   without   spots, 

Col.  yill.  xvi.  5.  PR.  R.  which  were  supposed  to  be  caused  by 

100.    Now  the   '  Faro  di   Messina.*  being  frost-bitten,  were  considered  much 

PR.  superior  to  the    spotted    ones.'    BRO, 

Our  poet,  in  accounting  for  the  fish  lupi   sine  macula,   nam  iunt    et    varu, 

being  cai^t  in  such  a  dangerous  sea,  maxime  probantur ;   Col.  VIII.  xvi.  8. 

anceiv  at  the  poetical  fables  concerning  or  IX.  xvii.  8.    The  better  sort  were 

the  winda.  VS,  FE.  esteemed  a  fine  fish :  Macr.  ii.  12.  iii.  16. 


100  THE  SATIRES  sat.  v. 

105  Vemula  riparum  pinguis  torrente  cloaca 

Et  solitus  mediae  cryptam  penetrare  Suburse. 

Ipsi  pauca  velim,  facilem  si  praebeat  aurem. 
Nemo  petit,  modicis  quae  mittebantur  amicis 
A  Seneca,  quae  Piso  bonus,  quae  Cotta  solebat 
110  Largiri;  namque  et  titulis  et  fascibus  olim 
Major  habebatur  donandi  gloria  :^solum 
Poscimus,  ut  coenes  civiliter.     Hoc  face  et  esto, 
Esto,  ut  nunc  multi,  dives  tibi,  pauper  amicis. 

Anseris  ante  ipsum  magni  jecur,  anseribus  par 

Plin.  iz.  54.  Hor.  II  S.  ii.  31.  Atb.  yu.  Martial  cites  at  examples  of  liberality ; 

17.  PR.  XII.  zxzvi.  8.  R.     C.  Calpurnius  Puo, 

105.  '  Indigenous  slave  of  the  bank-  who  lived  in  the  reign  of  ClaudinSv  was 
side,  fattened  on  the  fillh  of  the  rushing  very  wealthy,  and  made  a  point  of  rais- 
sewers.*  VS,  PR,  Cloaeat  optrum  rnn-  ing  every  year  a  certain  number  of 
nium  maiimumf  tubfosiit  montibus  atqug  plebeians  to  the  equestrian  rank.  VS, 
urbe  pentUi  »ubt$rque  navigata.  Fecit  id  Tac.  An.  ziv.  14.  xv.  48.  The  Fiimicf 
Agrippa  in  adilitate,  per  meattu  corrivatit  claimed  deecent  from  Numa ;  vo§,  o 
teptem  omnibus,  curtuque  pracipiti,  toV'  PompUiui  tanguis;  Hor.  A.  P.  291  so, 
rent  turn  modot  rapere  omnia  atque  PR,  Bonus  'bountiful;'  R,  unlets  it 
auferre  coa€ti$.  Qui  inwper  mole  imbrium  alludes  to  the  agnomen,  Frugi,  RI, 
eoneitati  vada  ac  Uitera  quatiunt,  aliquando  Aurelius  Cotta  lived  in  Nero's  reign* 
Tiberis  retro  infusi  reeipiunt  fluetus,  pug-  LU.  vii.  95.  Tac.  An.  ziii.  34.  R. 
nantque  diversi  aquarum  impetus  intus;  et  110.  *  Inscriptions  on  the  images  of 
tamen  obnoxiajirmitas  resistit 'f  Plin,  xxxfi,  their  ancestors,  which  constituted  no- 
15.  R.  bility  ;  and  the  fasces,  which  were  the 

106.  X^vfrrJ^( whence  our  word  crtpt)  badges  of  dictatorial,  consular,  or  pra- 
'  the  dark  arched  drain.',  R,  torian  power.'  LU,    The  latter  was  a 

'  To  explore  in  search  of  its  loathsome  bundle  of  rods,  in  the  centre  of  which 

food.'  GR.  was  an  axe,  securis,  Plin.  xvi.  18.  PR,. 

Subttra ;  Hi.  5.  Pters.  v.  32.  PR,  cf.  iii.  128.  M. 

107.  Understand  Virroni  and  verba  111.  *H  x^f  ^  hUwrt  eb  rf  ^ 
dieere.  LU,  paueis  te  vob ;  Ter.  And.  I.  Xmfs$d$efri,  tusi  i  tntnn  K  ^mXXmt  Arist. 
i.  2.  Af.  Eth.  iv.  1.  LU, 

'  Attentive/  opposed  to  '  deaf;'   iiu  1 12.  '  All  we  ask  is,  that  you  treat  us 

122.    Di  faeHet;   x,  8.   neque  se  fore  at  one  citizen  should  another.'  R.  Mart. 

posthae  tamfaeilem  dieat,  votis  ut  prabeat  III.  lix.  PR. 

aurem ;  Hor.  I  S.  i.  21  sq.  nimium  faeites  1 13.  ^n  all  other  respects  you  may 

aurem  prabere ;  Prop.  II.  xxi.  15.  R,  indulge  j^ur  sordid  luxury ;    (Inxurim 

108.  These  words  are  addressed  to  Jordff<,i.  140.)  feasting  sumptuously  when 
Virro.    '  No  one  expects  from  you  such  alone,  and  dining  economically  when  you 

{ presents  at  used  to  be  sent  to  their  humble  have  a  party.'  PR, 

iriends  by  patrons  of  known  liberality.'  Face  for  fae,  after  the  manner  of  the 

LU,  vilibu*  amicis ;  146.  modicis  pecuniiB  comic  writers. 

etoriginis',  Tac.  A.  ui.  72.  vi.  39.  R,  114.  A   goose's  giblets  were  looked 

109.  L.  Annaus  Seneca,  bom  at  Cor-  upon  at  a  great  delicacy :  the  liver  ia 
dova  in  Spain,  a  Stoic  philosopher  and  particular,  for  which  there  wat  a  rich 
preceptor  of  Nero,  being  impeached  at  a  stuffing.  Aspiee,  quasn  tumeat  ntagno 
psrty  in  Piso's  conspiracy,  was  ordered  jecur  ansere  mafut ;  miratus  dices  "  Hoe, 
oy  the  emperor  to  destroy  himself;  which  rogo,  crevit  ubiV*  Mart.  XIII.  Iviii.  LU, 
be  did  by  opening  his  veins  in  a  warm  FartUibusinmagnamampUtudiiumcreeeit; 
bath.  viii.  212.  x.  16.  Tac.  An.  XIV.  exemptum  quoque  tacts  muUoaugetur,  hm 
XV.      PR,     M,      Pisonet    Senecasqtu  sine  causa  in  qucutione  etl,  9iMt  prMrat 


SAT.  ▼.  OF  JUVENAL.  101 

1 15  Altilis,  et  flavi  dignus  ferro  M eleagri 

Fumat  aper :  post  hunc  tradentur  tubera,  si  ver 
*    Tunc  erit  et  fietcient  optata  tonitrua  coenas 

Majores.     <<  Ubi  babe  frumentum/'  Alledius  inquit, 
**  O  Libye ;  disjunge  boves,  dum  tubera  mittas  !" 

120       Structorem  interea,  ne  qua  indignatio  desit, 
Saltantem  spectes  et  chironomonta  volanti 


tmrntrnm  homum  imoentrU,  Seipio  MtUUui  imbrtsfutrint  auetumnaUi  et  tonitrua  ere- 

vir  commifmrit^  mm  M,  Sutius  €adem  ettaU  bra :  tentrrima  tunt  temport  vemo  ;  PHn. 

mqua  Ramanui ;  Plin.  x.  22  s  27.  itUur  ziz.  3.  PR.  titbera  terrtt ;  xtv.  7.  M. 
mtueru  extis  i  Pen.vi.  71.  PR,    pingiti-         117.  'Devoutly  wished  for'  bT  the 

bui  «f  /ieU  pmitum  jwcnr  miugrtM  albi;  epicure.   BRO,   Plut  Q.  Conv.  iv.  2. 

Hor.  II  S.  viii.  88.  AT.  x^'*^^  ^  iw^rm  Ath.  u.  21.  PR. 
{wt^tnAi^rm  »  rmStrm  mark  m  *P»^<»)         118.  There  is  much  ^Dutoe  humour 


E8ir»Xn  [Eilfi9¥X§f1]  Iff  Xrtf«'    in  this  rapturous  apostrophe  of  the  glut- 

Aiywv  «Jfrwr*  *'  fl  ^  r&  x'l*^    tonous  Alledius  to  Libya.    Africa  was 

i^m^  I  ^'^t^v  ^X^t'"   Ath.  ix.  8.  cf.    one  of  the  principal  granaries  of  Rome. 


M^rmwm  nmmrd'   Poll.  ii»  49.   Plin«  viii.  G.     si  proprio  eoKdidit  horreo  quidquid 

51  t  77.  R.    The  modttn  Sicilians,  ac-  d$  Libyeis  verritur  areit ;  Hor.  I  Od.  L 

eordiiif  to  Brydoae,have  a  mode  of  treat-  9  sq.  R.  frumenti  quantum  mttit  Afriem ; 

meat  ^  whidi  they  increaie  the  livers  of  II  S.  iii.  87.  GE. 

their  fowls.  G.  119.     Tubera    Africa    laudatiuima; 

115.'  Poaltry'  wer^  called  altile%  from  Plin.  xix.  3.    To  prove  that  the  African 

aim.  PRm    Perhaps '  a  fatted  capon'  is  '  truffles'  were  the  finest,  R  also  refers 

here  meant.  Af.  cf.  168.  •#n h  S(9*t  i/tsm  to  Mart  XIII.  xlii  sq.  but  the  tu6«res 

wmSt  MxXmH,kX>Jk  rf  ftkt  wX§iffif  trfl^im  (not  tubera),  there  mentioned,  grow  on 

mm}  wMfMXJki.  #»}  )t  wiM^if  kftirfuf  4  boughs,  and  are  the  fruit  of  the  tuber^ 

fiatra  w  MSrsJUifif « 9/ifw  JtriM^  mmi  tree*  | 

^nfumr  Loc  fttH.  0m.  26.  Plin.  x.  50  «  120.   '  The  seneschal.'     Qui  fereuU 

71.  Hart.  Xlll.  Ixii.  JL  deete  eompmtit;  vii.  184  sq.  R. 

S«WW  MMlimymer    Hom.  II.  B  642.  121.  «  Lo!  the  spruce  canrer,(Mrp(or, 

PR.  •  golden-haired.'  HO.  Hor.  IV  Od.  U.  1 10.  PR.)  to  his  task  addrest,  Skips. 

hr.  4.  Ill  Od.  tx.  19.  M.  II  Od.  it.  14.  like  a  harlequin,  from  place  to  place,  And 

tL  S64.  SI.  i.  438.  Horn.  U.  A  197.  r  waves  his  knife  with  pgintomimic  grace." 

284.  R.  <■  The  yellow  hunter ;"  Thorn-  G. 

son.  G.  ChironcmGnt  from  the  Greek  participle 

See  the  story  of  the  Calydonian  boar-  x^***f**^  •  chironomOn,  vi.  63.  the  ac- 

haol.  VS.  Ov.  M.  viii.  272  sqq.  LU,  cusative  of  xH*^/'^'    P^^cenit  statim 

Qmi    Dimmtedeu  putuemdui   ietiger  agria  tei$aor,  et  ad  symphoniam  ita  gestieulatut 

j£imim  eeeidit  emtpide,  taiit  eral;  (rieen  laceravit    optonium,    ut    putei     Darium 

lev,  Hott.)  Mart.  XIII.  xciii.  J?.  Hom.  hydrauU  eantante  pugnare;  Petr.  36.  ae 

IL  I  526  tqa.  G.     Martial,  on  the  other  n  inter  Apicio$  epuUmes  et    Bytantinot 

haod,  deacribes  a  small  boar  thus :  aper  ehironomuutathueusqueruetaverit ;  Sidon. 

hie  wtimmus  qmmUmte  neeari  a  non  armato  £p.  IV.   1.  fin.  F.  alius  pretiouu  avet 


pmmUiamg  peittt ;  I.  xKt.  9  sq.  icindit  et  per  peetut  ac  elunes  eertis  ductU 

116.  '  After  the  boar.'  non  tola  qui'    bui    eireumferem   eruditam    ntanum,  m 


std  in  ipso  ^ui  prineipio,  bini  frusta  exeutit :   infelix,  qui  huie  uni  rei 

terwifme  pariter  mtmduntur  apri ;   PKn.  vivit,  til  altilia  deeenter  seeet ;  nut  quod 

viii.  51  s  78.  R,  cf.  i.  140  sq.  M.  miserior  sst,  qui  huic  vduptmtis  causa  doeet, 

*  Will    be   served    up;'    understand  quam qui iiece$sitaiiidiscit\Sen.'Ep A7.de 

mnmm.  R.  Br.  V.  12.  de  V.  B.  17.  Plio.  x.  50  s  71 . 

Rumfiatms  altricem  tenere  qua  vertiee  PR.  *I«WMXi4)irr.  rh  nspmXSif  lfi/r«i  M 

tmherm,  boUtis  pmna  $§cnnda  sumus;  ^  rfdNri^y,  rsiet  fmiXtn  l;^iif«»ipe'r 

Mart.  XIII.  L  tubera  dieuntwr  natci,  si  Her.  vi.  129. 


102 


THE  SATIRES 


8AT.  V. 


Cultello,  donee  peragat  dictata  magistri 
Omnia :  nee  xninimo  sane  discrimine  refert. 
Quo  gestu  lepores  et  quo  gallina  secetur. 

125  Duceris  planta,  velut  ictus  ab  Hercule  Cacus, 
Et  ponere  foras,  si  quid  tentaveris  umquam 
Hiscere,  tamquam  habeas  tria  nomina.  Quando  propinat 
Virro  tibi^  sumitque  tuis  contacta  labellis 
Pocula?     Quis  vestrum  temerarius  usque  adeo,  quis 

130  Perditus,  ut  dieat  regi,  "  Bibe"  ?     Plurima  sunt,  quae 
Non  audent  homines  pertusa  dieere  Issna. 

Quadringenta  tibi  si  quis  Deus  aut  similis  Dis 
Et  melior  fatis  donaret;  homuneio,  quantus 
Ex  nihilo  fieres,  quantus  Virronis  amicus  ! 


122.  '  Of  bis  matter  or  instructor  in 
the  art  of  x^arving/  cf.  xi.  136  saq.  LU, 

*  The  lArections/  '  all  that  has  been 
taught  him.'  cf.  vi.  392.  Hor.  I  £p.  i.  56. 
zviii.  13.  A. 

123.  '  There  is  a  very  wide  difTereoce 
between  the  one  and  the  other.'  LU, 
Or  *  in  both  cases  it  makes  an  immense 
difference  how  the  thing  is  done.'  M. 

125.  Pedibiuque  informe  cadaver  pro- 
trahitur;  Virg.  Ai,  viii.  264  &c.  ietut 
clava,  morU  oceubuit ;  Uv.  i.  7.  PR, 
Ov.  F.  i.  543  sqq. 

127.  •  To  mutter.'  LU,  lO.  r!  ri 
W;^i^f  i  no.  Iv  fth  f»iytwr§9t  §u»  t^uf 
Waffnttrnp.  lO.  hv)^u  r^  Cwatt  f»fi  Xiyuf 
i  Tit  ^^«m7.  no.  ^X'  %ls  r§  ni^t  w»^k 
^^n  hyXivrUr  £ur.  Ph.  401  sqq. 
i^  *  As  though  you  still  retained  the  rights 
of  a  freebom  Koman,  and  had  not  vir- 
tually forfeited  those  privileges,  when  you 
condescended  to  turn  parasite.'  G.  Free 
citizens  had  three  names :  Decimus  Junius 
Juvenalis,  Caiut  Juliui  Casar;  (1)  the 
jtriBnomen,  which  answers  to  our  baptis- 
mal  name;  (2)  the  nometi,  which  was 
common  to  the  gent  or  '  clan,'  and  com- 
monly ended  in  tti<;  (3)  the  cognomen, 
which  distinguished  the  several '  families' 
under  one  and  the  same  clan,  as  the 
Scipionu,  LentuU,  Cethegi,  DolabelUs, 
Cinna,  Sylla,  b^c,  under  the  Comelii, 
Some  clans  were  not  divided  into  families, 
as  the  Marii,  Sartorii,  Mummiu  Some 
individuals  had  a  fourth  name,  agnometi, 
as  an  epithet  from  some  remarkaole  cir- 
cumstance, and  even  a  fifth ;  as  P.  Corn. 
Scipio  Jfrieanvt  ^mitianus.  Slaves  had 
no  pranomen*  AD.  cf.  Pers.  v.  76 — 82. 


Martial  says  wittily  of  a  foul-mouthed 
fellow ;  quod  nuUi  ealicgm  tuum  propinat, 
humane  jfacis,  Herme,  non  tuperhe^  J  I. 
zv.  PR.  w^HTiftn  was  '  to  take  a  sip  and 
then  pass  the  cup  to  your  friend.*  Mart. 
V.  Ixxviii.  3.  Anac.  iv.  3.  Virg.  JE.  i. 
736  sqq.  R, 

128.  Sumit  ve  would  be  more  correct. 
JA. 

*  Contaminated.*  vi.  288.  Virg.  JE,  ii. 
168.  [Livy  xxix,  8.  j.  £D.] 

130.  'So  lost  to  all  sense  of  decorum, 
as  to  challenge  bis  noble  host.'  K«  turn 
Biliadedit  increpitant;  Virg.^.i.738. 

131.  *  With  a  great'Coat  out  at  elbows.' 
iii.  283.  Compare  the  proverbs;  "  vettit 
virum  faeit  :**  **  lacer  panuut:*'  r«w  yk^ 
wtfnrttf  ufh  §1  Xiyu  mitel  and  that  of 
'I'heoK'HS,  r^  yk^  wtf iif  h'ifuifUPf  ^Qtrms 
h  yXM00tf  and  )et  wiJJuu  ua)  Mnwm^ 
Ai^  fiAXm  MMi^uf  iTw'iv.  FE,  R, 

132.  Quadringenta ;  i.  106.  ii.  1 17.  PA. 
'  Some  godlike  hero.'     Nemo  propiut 

ad  Deum  aceedit,  quam  qui  hominibut 
talutem  dat  et  benrjicium;  Sen.  LU, 
*  Some  rich  man.'  wXtvrf  T  ^trh  umi 
Mv}§t  imiiti  W^M  T  •Ut  furl*.  Hes. 
O.  D.  313  sq.  or  *  the  emperor.'  JR. 
'  Some  munificent  benefactor/  Deut  notrit 
hcec  otia  fecit :  namque  eriJ  Hie  mihi  semper 
deut ;  A'iig.  E.  i.  6  sq.  riftSfTt  fUiXt^rm 
ei  iw^ytrn»ortt'  tln^rm  ^  .  ,  ,  ,  ttg 
wX»Zt§9,  fti^n  ft  Tifiknt  iv^Uu,  ».  r.  X. 
Arist.  Rh.  1.  v.  7.  ix.  2. 

133.  '  Kinder  to  you  than  the  fatea 
have  been.'  PR. 

*  Though  now  a  sorry  mortal.'  AT.  J 

Eur.  Cy.  316. 


SAT.  ▼.  OF  JUVENAL.  103 

135  «*  Da  Trebio  !  Pone  ad  Trebiura  !  Vis  frater  ab  ipsis 
Ilibus  ?'  O  Dumi,  vobis  hunc  prsestat  honorem, 
Vos  estis  fratres.     Dominus  tamen  et  domini  rex 
Si  vis  tu  fieri,  nuUus  tibi  parvulus  aula 
Luserit  iGneas  nee  filia  dulcior  illo. 

140  Jucundum  et  carum  sterilis  facit  uxor  amicum. 
Sed  tua  nunc  Mycale  pariat !  Licet  et  pueros  tres 
In  gremiuni  patris  fundat  simul ;  ipse  loquaci 
Gaudebit  nido ;  viridem  thoraca  jubebit 
Afferri  minimasque  nuces  assemque  rogatum, 

145  Ad  mensam  quoties  parasitus  venerit  infans. 
Vilibus  ancipites  fungi  ponentur  amicis, 

135.  Virro  not  only  directs  the  carver  no  ill-will  towards  the  little  urchins.'  R, 
to  help  Trebinf,  and  the  sewer  to  put  '  Three  children  at  one  birth'  are  called 
the  dishes  before  him,  but  presses  him  to  tergemini  or  trigemini ;  Liv.  i.  24  sq. 
taste   of  the  delicacies  on  table.  PR,  Plm.  yii.  3.  PR. 

The  repetition  of  Trsftlus  is  like  that  of  H2.  Jpie  Virro,  KixXd^i m;  m«'}  ^iTe*' 

Mareui  ;  Pen.  v.  79 — 8 1 .  mv»  »tXiv^at  »mXifiu  ret  wtuita  t^v  tfriSfrtt' 

'  Brother'  was  a  courteous  appellation  »«}  tUuvm  ^nfoi  0u»§u  ifneurt^m  iSnu  rtjf 

between  equals:  "Frat«r/ Pater /"ad</«,  w»Tft    j«a)   w^»eety»yifitut   ^tXn^eu,  »mi 

mt  eniqus  ett  tttas,  ita  quemque  facetua  ^mf  murU  »m/fUm' »ai  r»!t  f/^f  fv(Airmftiu9 

adapta ;    Hor.  I  Ep.  vi.  54  sq.  Mart.  X.  Avrdf,  Xiymv  '*  i^»h,  «rtXi»tff*"  Theopb. 

IxT.  3.  U.H.  Ch.v.  H. 

136.  Under  the  name  of  ilia  may  be  143. '  In  the  twitter in{|;  nest :'  a  com- 
incliided  many  fiarourite  dishes  of  the  mon  metaphor;  ;^^rr«i;  *»€^t  nirrut* 
ancients:  for  instancOf  tunien  '  sow's  Theoph.  Ch.  ii.  teneroque  palumbo  et 
odder  ;'     Plin.  zi.  37.     anurit  jeeur  iimitit  regum  pueris  ;    Pers.  iii.  16  sq. 

i»  H. 


I't  liver;'   114.   M.  apri   lumbM  ct  CslU  xxix.  9.  nidoi  qiurulot -,  Sen. 

'  the  loin  of  the  boar;'  Plin.  viii.  51  s  78.  F.  148.  nidU  immitibu*  euam  ;  Virg.  G. 

H.     '  kidneys,  tripe,  chitterlings,  sweet-  iv.  17.  nigra  velut  magntu  domini  cum 

breads,  &c.  F.  divitis    adet    pervolat     et    pennii    alta 

*  Money.'  i.  1 12  sq.  LU.  atria  Imtrat  hirnndo,  pabuta  parva  legens 

137."Hv  i  ^tX0i  ri  Xdfin, ^^/ntwi  ^§^'  nidisque  loquaeibus escoi ;  JE,  xii.  473 sqq. 

rf ^  sMv  fyMi^v.  4f  T  mZ  fttn  n  XAfiift  nidum  Uberorum  ;  Ammian.  xiv.  p.  28. 

^fmdrtfi^ft090rZMtyi^»a)r»vrm  R,  "  O  hell-kite!    All?  What,  all  my 

wd fitmwm' »Mt^tY$fyt$i»UiXm%0 /Hi ft,  pretty  chickens,  and  their  dam.  At 

•*  7^  ^X/^  JMSmimw'    Pallad.  Kp.  zxzi.  one  fell  swoop?"  Shaksp.  Macb.  IV.  iii. 

Aoal.  t.  li.  p.  13.  LU.  '  A  stomacher,'  M,  *  waistcoat,'  R.  or 

138.  •  Yoa  must  be  childless.'      A  '  corslet.'  G. 

parody  of  Virgil ;  talttm  ri  qua  mihi  de  te  144.    Nucet  are   'walnuts,*  minimig 

Mtaeeptmfmmet  anffugam  soboles',  riquit  nuces  *  filberts.'  GRJE»  Pers.  i.  10.  Hor. 

mSM  f&Twmlui  aula  ludertt  JEneat,  qui  te  IS,  ii'u  171.  M.  Auguttui,  animi  laxandi 

tmmtm  srv  refnrtt ;  ^c.  M.  iv.  327  sqq.  cauta,  modo  nucibu*  ludebat  cum  puerii 

PR.  minutis,  quos  facie  et  garrulitate  amabiles 

140.  Understand  *  to  legacy  •hunters.*  vndique  canquirebat ;  Suet.  83.  PR. 
LU.  Mart.  XI.  Iv.  PR.  X.  xviii.  R.  '  Which  the  little  fellow  begs  for,  to 

141.  '  Bot«  now  that  you  are  rich,  let  buy  playthings,  cakes,  or  fruit.'  G  Ai£. 
yow  mistress  be  put  to  bed :   although  145.  '  Virro  goes  so  fsr  as  to  beg 
she  sbonld  even  present  you  with  three  Trebius  will  bring  one  of  the  little  dar- 
boanci^  boys  at  a  birth,  he  will  not  be  lings  with  him,  when  he  comes  to  dine  at 
afraid  M  being  sopplanted  by  your  n  a-  his  house.'  GR^,  M. 

tural  diildren,  and  therefore  will  feel  146.  Cf.    108.    LU.     Seneca,  Piso, 


104 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  V. 


Boletus  domino ;  sed  qualem  Claudius  edit 
Ante  ilium  uxoris,  post  quem  nil  amplius  edit. 
Virro  sibi  et  reliquis  Virronibus  ilia  jubebit 
150  Poma  dari,  quorum  solo  pascaris  odore ; 

Qualia  perpetuus  Phseacum  auctumnus  habebat, 
Credere  qu86  possis  subrepta  sororibus  Afris. 
Tu  scabie  frueris  mali,  quod  in  aggere  rodit, 
Qui  tegitur  parma  et  galea  metuensque  fiagelli 


and  Cotu  would  speak  of  their  clients  as 
'  friends  in  moderate  circumstances ;' 
Virro  would  call  them  'vile.' 

'  Toadstools  of  very  questionable  ap> 
pearancc.'  quorvmdam  ex  his  facile  noii- 
cuntur  vetiena,  diluto  rubore,  rancido 
aspeetu,  lividfl  intus  colore,  ritnosa  stria, 
pallido  per  ambitum  labro :  Plin.  zxii.  22. 
LU.  ii  sunt  tutiseimi  qu^us  rubet  caro, 
magis  diluto  rvbore,  quam  boleti  i  23.  Ath. 
ii.  19.  Suet.  Ner.  33.  PR,  [Livy  zzz,  33, 
10.  ED.] 

147.  **  The  agarieus  easareus  or  '  im- 
perial aganc'  is  the  moat  splendid  of  all 
the  species  i  it  is  common  in  Italy  and  is 
brought  to  the  markets  there  for  sale. 
The  ancient  Romans  esteemed  it  one  of 
the  peatest  luxuries  of  Uie  table.  This 
is  the  mushroom  with  which  Claudius 
was  poisoned  ;"  Miller's  Card.  Diet.  G. 
Locusta  supplied  the  empress  Agrippina 
with  the  poison,  which  she  introauced 
into  her  husband's  favourite  dish.  VS,  J, 
Suet.  44.  PJin.  zzu.  22.  Mart.  XIII. 
xlviii.  bolehim,  qualem  Claudius  edit,  edas  \ 
I.  zzi.  4.  Claudius  was  the  fifth  emperor 
of  Rome.  PR.  cf.  vi.  620  sqq.  R. 

148.  i.  «. '  After  which  he  died.'  R. 
Therefore  Nero  called  mushrooms,  /Sfiw/Mi 
isSr  Suet.  33.  PR. 

149.  Vimnes  '  grandees  like  himself.' 
T. 

150.  '  Pulpy  fruits'  (as  distinguished 
from  '  nuts'  and  *  berries')  including 
apples,  pears,  peaches,  &c.  M, 

An  allusion  perhaps  to  an  Indian  na- 
tion, of  which  it  is  said ;  odore  vivunt 
pomorum  silveetrium  et  eorum  olfactu 
atuntur ;  Solin.  H,  his  ego  re6ui paseor, 
his  deleetor,  hii^perjruor  %  Cic.  in 
Pis.  20. 

151.  PAaacta,  afterwards  Corcj^a,  now 
'  Corfu.'  Homer  describes  the  gardens  of 
Alcinous  as  filled  with  perpetual  fruits  ; 
hence  an  eternal  autumn  reigned  there. 
Od.  H  112  sqq.  VS.  LU.  Mart  VII. 
xlii.  6.     Antiquitas  nihil  prius  mirata  est 


quam  Hesperidtim  hortos  ae  regum  Adonis 
et  Alcinoi  %  Plin.  xix.  4.  PR. 

152.  The  garden  of  the  Hesperides, 
daughters  of  Atlas  king  of  Mauritania, 
was  fomous  for  its  golden  apples  guarded 
by  a  sleepless  dragon.  Hercules  slew  the 
monster  and  stole  the  fruit.  VS.  LU. 
Ot.  iv.  627  sqq.  PR.  Virg.  M.  iv.  480 
sqq.  Ath.  iii.  7.  Apoll.  II.  v.  11.  DmkL 
iv.  27.  R. 

153. '  Such  as  a  monkey  eats.'  VS. 

After  weighing  the  various  opinions  of 
Commentators  upon  these  three  lines,  I 
think  the  following  paraphrase  gives  their 
sense ;  '  You  are  at  liberty  to  enjoy  a 
specked  and  shrivelled  windfall  i  such  as 
idle  soldiers  would  amuse  themselves  by 
giving  to  a  monkey,  and  lau|h  to  see  the 
nice  discrimination  with  which  Mr  Pug 
turns  it  about  to  nibble  the  sound  part ; 
while  he  sits  in  his  regimentals  on  the 
bade  of  his  bearded  charger  before  the 
gate  of  their  barracks,  after  going  through 
his  manual  exercise  with  due  gravity  and 
precision,  and  in  as  much  military  awe  of 
nia  master's  whip,  as  any  of  the  raw 
recruits  who  are  grinning  at  him  ever 
felt  for  the  cane  of  their  drill-sergeant.' 
To  say  '  the  apple  which  the  soldier 
gives  away'  is  more  severe  than  saying 
*  that  which  he  eats.'  The  monkey  nib- 
bling his  apple  between  whiles  is  more 
characteristic,  and  the  comparison  more 
degrading.  ^See  the  simile  in  the  mm- 
sage  of  Lucian,  quoted  at  157.)  The 
round  target  and  the  lash  were  not  used 
in  the  Roman  army. 

Among  those  who  think  '  a  monkqr' 
is  here  meant  are  CL.  DM.  RU.  GR. 
HO.  HN.  R. 

The  Prstorian  Bands  were  stationed 
by  Tiberius  in  a  permanent  camp  between 
the  Viminal  and  Tiburtine  gates.  FE. 
Pliny  mentions  sata  m  castrorvm  aggeri- 
bus  mala  %  xv.  14.  PR.  cf.  viii.  43.^. 

154.  Meiuens  virga  ;  vii.  210.  Ot.  M. 
i.  323.  R. 


•AT.  V.  OF  JUVENAL.  105 

155  Discit  ab  hirsuta  jaculum  torquere  capella. 

Forntan  impensae  Virronem  parcere  credas. 
Hoc  agit,  ut  doleaB :  nam  quie  comoedia,  mimus 
Quis  melior  plorante  gula?  Ergo  omnia  fiunt, 
Si  nescis,  ut  per  lacrumas  efiundere  bilem 

160  Ck)garis  pressoque  diu  stridere  molari. 

Tu  tibi  liber  homo  et  regis  conviva  videris. 
Captum  te  nidore  suae  putat  ille  culinae : 
Nee  male  conjectat     Quis  enim  tam  nudus,  ut  ilium 
Bis  ferat,  Etruscum  puero  si  contigit  aurum 

165  Vel  nodus  tantum  et  signum  de  paupere  loro  ? 

Spes  bene  coenandi  vos  decipit     ^*  Ecce  dabit  jam 

155.  Among  the  amusemeoU  of  the    rf  Ik  ^§MtTt  r^u^Zf,  trt  Urt  tu  rSf  /r;^«- 
Asiatk  MidMiy,  Leo  Africanoi  mentioiM    'Un  it^nmt  X^^ayCr  if  3*  XUvtt^U  »•)  «>« 
mndttm  ex  copra  jmeulandi  arti-     i^if)/ ,  r«>r  »vr»tf  pvXirutf  xmi  f^dri^^t. 


jEccM.  HN,     CL  witnesMd  an  ezhibi*  f^«tf}«  itdfrm»  ««)  §lXi  fiw^n  vit  mvrm- 

tioo  of  thii  kind  at  a  fair  in  Gennaoy.  Luc.  fuH.  rvv.  24.  Cf.  v  6  sqq.  H, 

166.  In  his  eagerness  to  lash  the  giiett,  158.   *  Than    a    parasite  in  all  the 

Javeml  now  ezcoies  the  host,  and  con-  agonies  of  disappointed  hunger.'  PR. 

trmdicts  some  of  his  former  invectives  on  159.    Cf.  i.  45.     expUtur    lacrymiM 

the  inherent  meanness  of  the  great  men  tgeriturque  dolor  ;  Ov.  Tr.  IV.iii.  38.  R. 

of  Rome  towards  their  dependents.   Cor-  161.  Cf.  Pers.  v.  73— 90.  Hor.  II  S. 

net  taste  wonld  have  led  him  to  carry  vii. 32  sqq.  80—94.  111.  and  I  Ep.  xvi. 

oo  both  his  purposes  together,  without  63  sqq.  Mart.  II.  liii.  IX.  xi.  R. 

sacrifidD^  one  to  the  other :  the  servility  162.  Cf.  Hor.  II  S.  vii.  38.  Mart.  I. 

of  the  client  might  hare  been  exposed,  zciii.  9.  V.  xlv.  7  sqq.  7ri  li  »mi  Si  »v/rra 

while  the  pride  and  parsimony  of  the  h  rm  r«iMi^«^lMry  If  r«  ^uwu9  dwUnui 

patron  were  preserved  as  qualities  neces-  ^i*  Luc.  (Jatap.  16.  R. 

saxy  to  the  eficct  and  consistency  of  his  163.  '  Utterly  destitute.'  LU.  cf.  iv. 

satue.  G.  49. 

He  appears  to  be  acting  the  rhetorician,  *  Him  and  his  insolence. '  L  U, 

and  shining  his  ground  in  order  to  rouse  164.  '  A  second  time.*  M. 

the  eager  or  excite  the  hatred  of  Trebius  *  The  golden    boss'  was  an  amulet 

towaruVirro;  by  attributing  the  conduct  adopted  from  the  Etruscans,  (who  pro- 

tti  the  latter  to  Uni«i«r^«f .  or  Sfi^it'  f»h  bably  brought  it  from  the  east,)  and  at 

7m  Tt  yimrmi  mirif,  eXX'  twmt  hwt^*  Arist.  first  was  worn  only  by  the  children  of  the 

Rh.  11.  ii.  3.  cf.  the  remainder  of  that  nobility.    In  process  of  time  it  became 

chapter  and  II.  y.  common,  like  the  tria  nomina,  to  all  who 

IS7*  iii.  152  sq.  ridicuhit  ttque  tniU  were  free-bom.  It  was  a  hollow  globule 

ief  eatf^tiam  tputrndo  gmrii;  Plant  Stich.  something  in  the  shape  of  a  heart.    This 

I.  ISL  64.  PR.    oSrmt  Aw0^Ut  /«|y  n  H^-  badge  of  liberty  was  worn  by  the  children 

fu09  (*  of  lupines,'  xiv.  153.)  7r;^it  ti  rm  of  all  ranks  of  freemen  till  the  age  of  fif- 

Ayyi>t  XMxdimf,  UriAMTft  Xi  luu  at  nfifot  teen.    In  our  author's  days  the  gold e  n 


fimnu  r»S  ^trct*^  iI^M'tfr,  «f  M  rmurm  n  bulla  was  probably  used  only  by  the  rich ; 

W  Jkfmx»**^  IXhtf  I  Axxk  ^X«y  ig  4vx  the  poorer  classes  had  it  of  leather  or 

g|»o#,  tSk  iifftmf,  Axxm  irtfufUrtf  nui  Other  cheap  materials.  Pers.  v.  31.  VS, 

^4^9  Mi  tftM  M»0fu»»  Wi^vfiSf  UA*f .  LU.  G.  Macr.  i.  6.  PR.  xiii.  33.  M.  xiv. 

amSdm^  i  Xdfi^.  mMt  fUXa  hmamf  rh  5.  Plin.  xxxiii.  1  s  4.  Aur.  Vict.  6.  Plut. 

amJfuw9  r§9rm  Xjm^  ^Mmiif.  wat^k  Rom.  p.  30.  R.  [Livy  xxvi,  36,  6.  £i>.] 

wimt  rmymfmn  rer  Xixnimg  rairng  rAwi-  166.  i.  133  sq.  cf.  the  quotations  from 

X-f^  f^  Arvi^  M  wihMM  mXtf  %t$tls  rh  Lucian  at  22  and  1 57.   R, 

P 


106 


THE  SATIRES  OF  JUVENAL, 


SAT,  ¥• 


Semesum  leporem  atque  aliquid  de  clunibus  apri. 
Ad  nos  jam  veniet  minor  altilis/'     Inde  parato 
Intactoque  omnes  et  stricto  pane  tacetis. 
170  lUe  sapit,  qui  te  sic  utitur.     Omnia  ferre 
Si  potes,  et  debes.     Pulsandum  vertice  raso 
Prsebebis  quandoque  caput  nee  dura  timebis 
Flagra  pati,  his  epulis  et  tali  dignus  amico. 


Eur.  Her.  434  sq.  Ph.  407  sqq. 

This  is  the  soliloquy  of  the  ezpectaDt 
parasite.  LU, 

teiitf,  ^  r«  euXn^h  rnt  faMXi^^m  ^vXX§9, 
f  Tm  &XXa  wvntX»vwt$^  ts  virt^p^4titi  U9'% 
rSf  it^»MaT»»UfAiff9,  &ffi%ut  viri  Xifuu 
stapm^dfMtff.  Luc.  fiuw^.  rw.  26.  «v  Xiv- 
M»u  w§rt  &^T»»  \fi^§^r4ut^  (cf.  67 — 75.) 

fUXts  rk  Wra  hfu*  MttraXiXttm*  (cf.  1 14.) 
ib,  17.  R. 

168.  Minor  may  mean  either  (1) 
'  imaller  poultry'  (viz. '  chicken  or  ducks' 
as  distiogubhed  from  '  geese')  :  LU.  or 
(2)  '  lessened'  by  Virro  having  helped 


himself  to  what  be  wanted.  BRI. 

'  Hence' t.  e.  '  owing  to  tbis  constant 
state  of  expectation.'  LU, 

169.  '  With  your  bread  clinched  in 
your  hand  ready  to  commence  tbe  action/ 
(a  metaphor  from  a  sword)  *  and  vet 
untouched;  because  you  are  lying  by, 
in  silent  expectancy,  for  the  good  Uiings 
which  are  to  come'.  LU, 

170.  '  He  shows  his  sense  by  the  way 
in  which  be  treats  you.*  LU, 

171.  fit 'also.' PR. 

172.  '  One  of  these  days  we  may 
expect  to  see  you  playing  the  clown  in  a 
pantomime,  (viii.  192.)  or  submitting  to 
any  servile  indignities.'  VS,  Pers.  v.  82 
sq.  PR.  Ter.  £un.  II.  ii.  13.  Plaut.  Capt. 
I.  i.  20.  R. 


SATIRE    VL 


ARGUMENT. 

This  Satire  is  the  most  complete  of  our  Author's  works;  and  one  in  which 
all  his  excellencies  are  combined.  Forcible  in  argument,  flowing  in 
diction,  bold,  impassioned,  and  sublime ;  it  looks  as  if  the  Poet,  consci- 
ous of  the  difficulties  which  he  had  to  grapple  with,  had  taxed  all  his 
powers  to  do  justice  to  the  theme. 

It  is  addressed  to  UrsidiusPostumus  as  a  dissuasire  from  marriage,  grounded 
on  the  impossibility  of  meeting  with  any  eligible  partner ;  the  good  old 

'  times  being  long  gone  by,  when  females  were  chaste  and  frugal :  1 — 29. 
If  therefore  he  was  tired  of  a  bachelor's  life,  he  had  better  bid  adieu  to 
this  world  altogether.  ^3(X— 4/. 

The  catalogue,  which  it  contains,  of  rices  and  follies  is  most  appalling ; 
but  is  not  very  methodically  arranged.  Luxury  is  the  source  of  all, 
286—^00.  From  this  spring — unbridled  lust,  pervading  all  ranks,  47 — 
\d2fJ2^  sqq.  366—378.  697—601.  gallantry,  231—241.  artfulness, 
271 — ^278.  unnatural  passions,  318 — 326.  attachment  to  unfeminine 
pursuits,  67—70. 246—267.  boldness,  2/9—285.  coarse  manners,  418 — 
433.  drunkenness,  300 — 319.  425  sqq.  profaneness,  306 — 345.  quarrel- 
someness, 2gjkj270.  litigjousness,  242—245.  cruelty,  413—418.  474 — 
495.  wayig^dness  2iD0 — 223.  and  fickleness,  224 — 230.  imperiousness, 
presuming  upon  wealth  and  beauty,  136 — 160.  pride,  161 — 183.  ambi- 
tious extravagance,  352 — 365.  495 — 511.  love  of  finery  and  cosmetics, 
457 — 460.  fondness  for  public  singers  and  dancers,  379 — 397<  gossip- 
ing, 398—412.  affectation,  184—199.  pedantry,  434—456.  superstition 
and  creduUty,  511 — 591.  the  producing  of  abortion,  592 — 597-  the 
introducing  of  supposititious  children,  602 — 609.  the  employment  of 
philtres,  133—135.  610—626.  poisoning  of  step-sons,  627—652.  and 
murder  of  husbands.  652 — 661.  O.  R. 

The  ashes  of  the  ladies,  whose  disreputable  actions  are  here  recorded,  have 
long  been  covered  by  the  Latian  and  Flaminian  ways ;  nor  have  their 
follies,  or  their  vices,  much  similarity  with  those  of  modem  times. 

It  would  seem  from  internal  evidence,  that  this  Satire  was  written  under 
Domitian.  It  has  few  political  allusions,  and  from  its  subject  might  not 
have  been  displeasing  to  that  ferocious  hypocrite,  who  affected  at  various 
times  a  wonderful  anxiety  to  restrain  the  licentiousness  of  the  age !  O, 

Among  other  writers  who  have  been  severe  upon  the  female  sex  are  Euri- 
pides generally,  and  Aristophanes  in  his  Thesmophoriazusae.  With 
this  Satire  may  also  be  compared  Luclan,  Amores  c«  33  sqq.  c.  38  sqq.  R. 
Jo.  Filesaci  Uxor  Jnsta;  SR,  Chrysostom,  homily  on  Herodias;  Barth. 
ep.  from  Spain  to  Celestin,  p.  m.  334  sqq.  les  Memoires  de  Brantosme ; 
HN,  Simonides ;  Ariosto,  Aretino,  and  Boccaclo  among  the  Italians ; 
among  the  French,  Jean  de  Meung,  Gringoire,  Moli^re,  la  Fontaine, 
B<Mleau  in  Sat.  x.  ACH,  and  Pope  in  his  Moral  Essays,  cp.  ii. 


108 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  VI. 


Credo  Pudicitiam  Saturno  rege  moratam 
In  terns  visamque  diu,  quum  frigida  parvas 
Praeberet  spelunca  domos  ignemque  laremque, 
Et  pecus  et  dominos  communi  clauderet  umbra; 
5  Silvestrem  xnontana  torum  quum  stemeret  uxor 
Frondibus  et  culmo  vicinarumque  ferarum 
Pellibus,  baud  similis  tibi,  Cynthia,  nee  tibi,  cujus 
Turbavit  nitidos  exstinctus  passer  ocellos ; 


I.  Credo  iniptiei  some  doubt.  LU. 

Julia  lex  (38)  ex  quo  renata  est,  atque 
intrare  domos  ju$sa  Pudieitia  est; 
Mart.  YI.  vii.  I  iq. 

'  The  reign  of  Saturn/  who  was  said 
to  have  been  king  of  Latium,  was  '  the 
golden  age.'  cf.  Hes.  O.  D.  i.  LU. 
Cic.  de  N.  D.  ii.  64.  Virg.  E.  ir.  6—45. 
iE.  vu.  180.  viU.  314—329.  Or.  M.  i. 
89  sqq.  Lactant.  i.  ult.  v.  5.  S  Hieron. 
in  Isa.  iv.  11.  ix.  utt.  PR.  xiii.  28  sqq. 
38  sqq.  Tib.  I.  iii.  35  sqq.  Lucr.  v. 
905 — 1026.  Prop.  II.  xxxii.  52  sqq. 
Ov.  Her.  iv.  131  sqq.  /?. 

*  Tarried  :'  understand  esse. 

3.  Domus  antra  fuerunt,  et  densi  Jru- 
tices  et  vinctcB  eortice  virgee;  Ov.  M.  i. 
121  sq.  Euryalus  and  his  brother  Hy- 
perbius  are  said  to  have  built  at  Athens 
the  first  dwellings  of  brick ;  Toxius  was 
the  first  who  constructed  houses  of  mud 
in  imitation  of  swallows*  nests ;  previously 
to  which  antra  et  speeus  erant  pro  domibus; 
Plin.  vii.  56.  PR.  nemora  atque  cavos 
montes  silvasque  colebant,  et  frutiees  inter 
condebant  squalida  membra,  verbera  ven- 
torum  vitare  imbresque  eoaeti;  Lucr.  y. 
953 — 955.  R.  Such  was  the  cave  of 
Inkle  and  Yarico  :  Spect.  No.  11. 

'  The  household  god  whose  altar  was 
the  hearth.'  The  deceased  were  buried  in 
their  houses,  and  afterwards  worshipped 
as  the  tutelary  deities  of  the  mansion. 
SV. 

4.  Antiquitvs  ante  usum  tectorum  eves 
in  antris  claudibantur \  Fest.  v,  c aulas. 
R.    Thus  old  Silenus  says  '*  Afrn'^nmimg 

£ur.  Cyc.  32 — 35.    See  other  parts  of 
the  same  play. 

5.  Silveitres  h4mines ',  Hor.  A.  P.  391. 
PR.  antra  petens:  contra  ignis,  viridi- 
que  torus  de  fronds  \   V.  Flacc.  i.  136  sq. 


silva  domus  fuerat,  dbns  herba,  aibilia 
Jrondes;  Ov.  A.  A.  ii.  475.  To  this 
hardy  and  simple  mode  of  living  may  be 
attributed  the  unsophisticated  virtues  of 
olden  times :  cf.  286  sqq.  and  ziv.  161 
sqq.  R. 

6.  '  With  leaves  and  straw.'  LU. 
silvestria  membra  nuda  dabsmt  terree 
noeturuo  tempore  capti,  circum  se  filus  ae 
frondibus  involventes ;    Lucr.  v.  968 

970.  PR. 

*  Of  neighbouring  brutesb'  seeela  fe- 
rarum iiifesttan  miseris  faeiebant  seepe 
quietem :  ^ectique  domo  jugiebant  saxea 
teeta  utigeri  Suis  adventu  vaBdique  Leonis, 
atque  intempesta  cedebant  noete  pavtntes 
hospitibus  savis  instrata  eubilia  Jrimde ; 
Lucr.  V.  980—585. 

7.  Manuum  mirafreti  virtute  pedumque 
eonuctabantur  sUvutria  seeela  ferarum 
missilibus  saxis  et  magna  pondere  elavst 
miUtaque  vineebant ;   Lucr.  v.  964 967. 

Haud  similis:  cf.  Lucr.  v.  923  sqq. 
R. 

Cynthia,  whose  real  name  was  Hoetia, 
was  the  mistress  of  Propertius.  LU.  R, 

The  other  beauty  is  Lesbia  (her  real 
name  was  Claudia)  the  mistrass  of  Ca- 
tullus, whose  exquisite  hendecasyllables 
on  the  death  of  this  favourite  sparrow  are 
still  extant  LU.  R.  O. 

8.  Passer  mortuus  est  m§€  pueWg, 
quern  plus  ilia  oeulis  suis  amabaU  0  mi- 
sells  passer!  tua  nunc  opera  meee  puellee 
Jlendo  lurgiduU  rubent  ocelli -,  Cat.  iii. 
3.  5.  16—18.  LU.  ii.  PR.  Mart.  VIL 
ziv.  3  sq.  R. 

•  Whose  beaming  eyes  were  clouded :' 
a  metaphor  from  the  face  of  the  heavens. 
LU,  fvtftpsuf  sft/imrm.  GR.  turbatiart 
coda;  Suet.  Tib.  69.  The  Gaul  who 
fought  Valerius,  b  described  (when  as- 
sailed by  the  raven)  to  have  been 
oeulis  simul  ae  mente  turbatus;  Liv. 
vii.  26. 


SAT.  vu  OF  JUVENAL.  109 

Sed  potanda  ferens  infantibus  ubera  magnis 
10  Et  ssepe  horridior  glandem  ructante  marito. 

Quippe  aliter  tunc  orbe  novo  coeloque  recenti 

Vivebant  homines,  qui  nipto  robore  nati 

Compositiye  luto  nuUos  habuere  parentes. 
Multa  Pudicitiss  veteris  vestigia  forsan 
15  Aut  aliqua  exstiterint  et  sub  Jove;  sed  Jove  nondum 

Barbate,  nondum  Grascis  jurare  paratis 

Per  caput  alterius,  quum  furem  nemo  timeret 

Caulibus  aut  pomis  et  aperto  viveret  horto. 

9. '  To  be  quafied,'  and  not  merely        13.  '  Fonned  of  clay  either  by  the 

'  sodded.'    The  cbildreo  were  more  ro-  Deity,  or  by  Prometheus.'  PR,  iv.  133. 

bast  when  bom,  and  were  not  weaned  xiv.  35.  M,    Hes.  O.  D.  61.     Pbocyl. 

so  very  soon.    According  to  Hesiod,  sons  2  sqq.     Hence  roan  is  called  i  miMf 

were  under  their  mother's  management  n(§fAnin$r  Callim.  fr.  Ixxzvii.  R, 
for  the  first  hondred  years  of  their  life.        *  No  parents  to  teach  them  wicked- 

GR.  LU.  JEV.  70.  PR,  Locr.  v.  925.  R.  ness.'  cf.  232  sqq. 
The  above  passage  is  charmingly  imitated        14.'  Perhaps;    but  Jupiter  so  soon 

by  Beaumont  utd   Fletcher :   '*  Phil,  commenced  his  profligate  career,  that  it 

O,  that  I  had  but  digg'd  myself  a  cave,  is  doubtful.'  LU. 
Where  I,  my  fire,  my  cattle,  and  my  bed        15.  Then  began  the  sihrer  age  :  LU, 

Might  have  been  shut  together  in  one  mb  Jove  mundut  erat;   tubiit  argentea 

shiS;    And  then  had  taken   me  some  jnvUt,  auro  deterior:  Ov.  M.  i.  114  sq. 

mountain  girl.  Beaten  with  winds,  chaste  Tib.  I.  iii.  49  sqq.  R. 
as    the    harden'd    rock    Whereon    she        16.  For  as  soon  as  he  was  an  adult, 

dwells ;  that  might  have  strew'd  my  bed  be  was  an  adulterer,  cf.  59.  xiii.  41.  58. 

With   leaves  aiM   reeds  and  with  the  R,    Our  author  treats  the  vices  and  fol- 

skins  of  beasts,  Our  neighbours ;    and  lies  of  the  popular  deities  with  as  little 

have  born  at  her  big  breasts  My  large  ceremony  as  those  of  Nero  or  Domitian 

coarse  issae  ;"  Philaster,  Act  IV.  G.  or  any  oiher  object  of  bis  abhorrence. 

10.  •  More  unpolished.'  LU,  G. 

'*  And  fat  with  acorns  belch'd  their  17. '  Before  perfidy  and  perjury  were 

windy  food."   D.    Plin.  vii.  56.  zvii.  common.'  PR.     The  Greeks  of  that  day 

protam.  and  5.  PR*   Virg.  G.  i.  8.  148.  were  a  most  degenerate  race :  iii.  68—. 

ft.    gUmdifgnu    imtgr  curabant    corpora  125.  ziv.  240.  Cic  pro  Flacc.  for  at  one 

f«€ma  pUeruM4iue;   Lucr.  v.  937.  glan-  time  '  A  ttic  faith'  was  proverbially  as 

dtm  fmemi,  oraeula  prma,firebant :  hoc  good,  as '  P  u  n  i  c  faith'  was  bad.  V.  Pat. 

erst  et  temeri  eetpitu  herba,  eibui;    Ov.  ii.  23.    Plant.  Asin.   I.  iii.  47.      The 

Am.  III.  X.  9  sq.  M.  i»  106.     Hor.  I  S.  word  paratis  also  denotes  the  levity  with 

iii.  100.  which  they  regarded  the  solemn  obli- 

11.  TMmrg    nova    ettloqu$    reeenti :  gation  of  an  oath.   cf.  Sen.   Helv.  10. 
Lucr.  ▼.  905.  R.    With  the  words  of  and  xiii.  90  sqq.  ft. 


Epicurean  our  author  did  not  adopt  The  Greeks  introduced  forms  of  swear- 

hissysten:  seexv.  142  sqq.  G.  iog    not    only  by  Jove,   thence  called 

12.  Gnu  viriim  truneis  gt  duro  robore  i#«Mf ,  but  by  other  deities,  and  also  by 

"«te ;  Virg.  /£•  viii.  315.    The  idea  ori«  tneir  own   head  or  that  of  others :  like 

ginated  from  the  circumstance  of  men's  Ascaoius,  "  Per  caput  hoejurot  per  quod 

eomiag  forth  in  the  morning  from   the  pateranUso^efrot  t"  Virg.  i£.  iz.  300.  PR. 

hollow  trees  in  which  they  had  passed  M.  The  custom  of  swearing  by  the  life 

the  night.  LU,     Coneeptut  tub  robore  of  another,  is  an  Asiatic  one,  and  pro- 

creverai  htfiau  quesrebatque  viam  qua  te  bably  originated  in  the  first  great  mo- 

cx«ircrcf  .*••..  arbor  agit  rimat  et  Jitta  narchies.  G. 

eartice  vmm  reddit  oftut;   Ov.  M.  x,  18.  '  Honesty  was  great  and  tempt- 

503  sqq.  512  sq.  GR.  ation  little.'  B.  Afterwards  gardens  were 


no  THE  SATIRES  sat.vi. 

Paulatim  deinde  ad  superos  Astraea  recessit 
20  Hac  comite  atque  duae  pariter  fugere  sorores. 

Antiquum  et  vetus  est,  alienum,  Postume,  lectam 

Concutere  atque  sacri  genium  contemnere  fulcri. 

Omne  aUud  crimen  mox  ferrea  protuUt  eetas: 

Viderunt  primos  argentea  seecula  moechos. 
25       Conventum  tamen  et  pactum  et  sponsalia  nostra 

Tempestate  paras,  jamque  a  tonsore  maestro 

Pecteris  et  digito  pignus  fortasse  dedisti ! 

Certe  sanus  eras.  Uxorem,  Postume,  ducis? 

eDclosed,  and  Priapus  placed  in  them  as  LU,  xi.  95.    Prop.  IV.  vu.  3.  R, 

a  protector.  GR,    Tib.  L    iii.    43  sq.  23.  De  dun  ut  ultima  ferro,  protinus 

Plin.  xix.  4.  R.    Calp.  i.  37  sq.  HK,   ^  irrumyit  vena  pejarit  in  avum  ornne  nrfoM: 

Viveret  agrees  with  quitqug,  which  is  fugere  Pudor  Verumque  Fidee^ ;    Or, 

often  implied  although   a  negative,  as  M.  i.  127 — 129.  PR. 

nemo,  may  precede :  tuasit  ne  te  moveret  24.    For  instance*  Jupiter,  Neptune, 

et  expeetaret ;  C.  Nep.  xriii.  6.  R.  Mars,  LU,  Mercury,  Apollo,  and  Venus. 

19.  Vieta  Jacet  Pietas :  et  virgo  cade  PR. 

madentes,  uUima  cxUUum,  terras  Aitraa  25.  '  And  yet  you  are  mad  enough  to 

reliquit',  Ov.  M.  i.  149  sq.  LU,    The  be    preparing    marriage  covenant,  and 

daughter  of  Jupiter  and  Themis,  and  contract,  and  settlement!'  SA.    These 

goddess  of  justice.  PR.     On  retiring  to  are  legal  terms;  (1)  the  preliminary  meet- 

heaven,  she  was  translated  into  the  sign  ing,  when  the  suitor  made  his  proposals 

of  Virgo,  and  her  balance  became  Libra,  to  the  family :  (2)  the  compact,  when 

M.     Janus  says  "  Tune  ego  regnabam,  the  father  promised  to  give  tne  hand  of 

patieru  cum  terra  deorum  esset  et  kumani$  his  daughter :    (3)  the   marriage  con- 

numina  miata  lodt :     nondum  Juttitiam  tract,  when  they  were  formally  betrothed, 

JacinuM  mortalefugarat :  ulti$na  de  superis  and  the  settlement  (if  any)  drawn  up 

Ula  reliquit  humum ;"  Ov.  F.  i.  247  sqq.  and  duly  signed  and  attested.  R. 

Virg.  G.  it  473  sq.  12.  26.  '  To  make  yourself  more  fasci- 

20.  Cf.  Pudor  et  Justitiee  ioror  tncor-  nating  to  the  lady,  LU.  you  place  your 
rupta  Fides  nudaque  Veritas  ;  Hor.  I  Od.  head  (which  surely  must  be  cracked !) 
xxiv.  6  sq.  PR,  '  With  her  for  a  com-  under  the  hands  of  a^  first-rate  artitUJ 
panion :'  ^Aimt^rm  /urk  ^vXm  Irnv,  it(§-  Quid  tibi  nunc  moUes  prodest  eoluisM 
Xuvif^  M(^09gf  AlUts  »mi  HifAteif  capillosutpeque  mul alas  dispoeuisse  comae  1 
Hes.  O.  D.  199  sq.  morantur  pauei  ri-  Quid  sueo  splendente  genas  oneraase  t 
diculum  effugientem  ex  Urbe  Pudorem  ;  Quid  ungues  artijicis  docta  subteeuieee 
xi.  54  sq.  R.  See  note  on  23.  manu  1  ^e.  Tib.  I.  viiL  9  sqq.  R. 

21.  Hor.  I  S.  iii.  106  sqq.  R.  27.  On  the  day  of  the  weoding  a  plain 
Ursidius    Paetumue     is     the    friend    iron  ring  (for  which  one  of  gold  was 

whom  he  is  dissuading  from  matrimony,  substituted  in  after  times,  R.)  was  sent 

LU.  to  the  bride,  which  she  wore  on  the 

22.  <  To  violate  the  nuptial  couch  fourth  finger  of  the  left  hand,  because  in 
(Cat.  vi.  10  sq.  thalamot  temSrare  pu-  that  finger  there  was  said  to  be  a  vein 
dieos,  Ov.  Am.  I.  viii.  19.  et  fctdera  communicating  directly  with  the  heart, 
Ueti;  Id.  Her.  v.  101.  R,)  and  set  at  Cell.  x.  10.  Macr.  vii.  13.  Plin.  xxxiii. 
defiance  the  deity  to  whom  the  marriage  1*  A,  PR. 

bed  is  sacred.'  LU,  VS.  28. '  You  always  used  to  be  considered 

*  The  Genius:'  Pers.ii.  3.  PR.  Hence  of  sound  mind.'  Cell.  i.  6.  PR.    A.  06 

the  bed  is   called  genial  is;    x.  334.  yafnutf  U»  yt   mvv  l^ft,   reirn  jMir»- 

cf.  Tib.  I.  vii.  49.     Hor.  Ill  Od.  xvii.  Xjwin  r«v  /}/«»•  ytylfinum  yh^  avrit,  Xk 

14.  R,  rtSri  et  ^a^mtw  fiit  yfuTt,     B    Ai)*^^- 

Fulcrum  is  properly  *  the  bedstead.'  ^m»    r«  r^Sy^*'    anff/^im  s^r.    A. 


SAT.  VI.  OF  JUVENAL.  1 1 1 

Die,  qua  Tlsiphone,  quibus  exagitare  colubris  ? 
30  Ferre  potes  dominam  salvia  tot  restibus  ullam  ? 

Quum  pateant  alt®  caligantesque  fenestras  ? 

Quum  tibi  vicinum  se  prsebeat  ^milius  pons  ? 

Aut  si  de  multis  nullus  placet  exitus,  illud 

Nonne  putas  melius,  quod  tecum  pusio  dormit? 
35  Pusio,  qui  noctu  non  litigat,  exigit  a  te 

Nulla  jacens  illic  munuscula,  nee  queritur,  quod 

£t  lateri  pareas  nee,  quantum  jussit,  anheles? 

Sed  placet  Ursidio  lex  Julia :  toUere  duleem 

Cogitat  heredem  cariturus  turture  magno 

nUam*  0tJum  M  m*  AXulfMf  tlf  wiXmyn  fortunately  of  too  frequent  occurrence  id 

«Mv  IfifimXiTt  yi^  w^myfJtwm  cv  At$tm^,  our  author)  which  cannot  well  be  lite- 

mf    A»ymU9,    •M*    Aiyiitrt09,    §Z    rSv  rally  translated.  M, 

T^amM0M^  §Sm  ivriXXvrmi  r^im  itXmd^sm'  35.  '  Who  does  not  trouble  you  with 

yifUH  T  §Slk  ttt  Antvf  iXm'  Menand.  curtain  lectures  :*  see  268  sq.  R, 

aod  nmXSt  kwiXMit.  Unt  ywrntmrn  )i»rS^»  36.  '  Who  does  not  teaze  you  out  of 

tynfu'  r«»  yk^  ^fSr§9  •&«  i^  mmtuif  i  this  little  present  and  that  little  present/ 

fA»  yit^  h  i^tt^,  0tfuu,  Tw  tuMw    i  T,  Ov.  A.  A.  iii.  805  sq.  GR, 

mtm  h  ymik  tuMm,  wwrwfkift*     Eubul.  llUc  *  in  bed.*  R, 

both  in  Ath.  liix.  1.  Jt.  37.  '  Who  does  not  complain  of  the 

29.  TmpAofM  was  one  of  the  three  little  psins  you  uke  to  oblige.'  VS. 
Fwwi,dai^ghlerBof  Acheron  and  Night;  38.  Ursidius,  having  sown  his  wild 
her  sisleri  were  Alecto  and  Merara.  oats,  has  now  no  objection  to  the  rigid 
They  hid  snakes  instead  of  hair,  Virg.  enforcement  of  the  Julian  law  against 
iE.  Tii.  339  &c.  SA,  PR.  {i^t^xiumfMi)  adultery,  and  is  willing  to  trust  to  that 
and  were  believed  to  drive  men  road.  R,  security  for  the  fidelity   of  his  future 

30.  '  A  fismale  tyrant ;'  (cf.  43.  136.  spouse  ;  at  the  same  time  he  is  desirous 
457.  with  vL  376.  iz.  78.  Epict.  Ench.  of  qualifying  himself  for  becoming  an 
40.  62.  Tib.  II.  iv.  1  sqq.  Tac.  A.  ii.  heir  or  legatee,  by  renouncing  celibscy, 
87.  R.)  '  when  there  are  so  many  halters  which  (according  to  another  Julian  law) 
to  be  had*  which  would  put  you  out  of  incapacitated  a  person  from  receiving 
^'^ly  at  once.*  SA,    tune  patitre  either  an  inheritance  or  a  bequest  by 

I,  €mm  tUfi  M  merUi  tceUritqiu  legacy,  unless  of  kin  to  the  tesUtor.  VS, 

I  tmtUi  ejfugia  9   V.  Flacc.  vii.  LI  on  Tac.  An.  iii.  25.    Cf.  ii.  37.  iz. 

331—333.  1^  ilLm  (fartunam)  ftram,  87  sqq.  JR.  PR.  Plin.  vi.  31.  Mart  VI. 

fMim  m  mamu  mm  mart  iii  9  Sen.  £p.  41 .  vii.  G. 

R.  It  is  a  common  notion  that  a  new- 

31.  «  And  dissy  windows.'  LU.  ca-  bom  infant  was  laid  on  the  ground,  and 
Ugmt  im  «iils  eUmtvi  Muts;  Sil.  iii.  492. 17.  that  the  father  by  takine  it  up  acknow- 

32.  '  The  ^milian  Bridge*  was  built  lodged  it  for  his  own  :  whence  arose  the 
bv  M.  Am.  Scaurns  in  tM  Flaminian  phrase  toller e  or  iUiciptTe  libero$, 
Ilottd.  LIT.  timle  out  of  town.  PR,  It  But  the  latter  verb  is  applied  to  the 
is  more  eorreetly  called  the  Mulvian  mother  also :  Plant  True.  II.  iv.  45. 
Briitos.    Anr.  Vict.  72,  8.    Sail.  Cat  Ter.  Heant.  III.  v.  14  sq.  R. 

45.  A.  39.  O^tat  Ursidius,  tUti  dote  jugate 

34.   '  A  stripling  ;'     Cic   Coel.   15.  pusUam,  ut  plaeeat  dtmino,  eogitat  Ur- 

T.  Q.  i.  24.  if.    Juvenal  is  not  here  tidiuu     Coptat  Urtidhu,  heredem  toUere 

serioosly  advising  the  sin  which  he  con>  parvum,  ift  placeat  domino,  cogitat  Ur- 

dcmiw  ebewhere,  but  is  using  an  argyL-  gidiua.      Cogitat    Unidius,  domino  qua- 

wumhim  ad  homintm,  (observe  the  vrord  eumque  plaeere  virgine  vel  puero :  qnam 

dormit  not  dorm  tat,   and  v,  42.)  MopU  Ursidita!    Epigr.  in  Anthol.  BU, 

LU»    This  b  one  of  those  passages  (un-  t.  i.  p.  685.  HK, 


112  THE  SATIRES  sat.  vi. 

40  Mullorumque  jubis  et  captatore  macello. 

Quid  fieri  non  posse  putes,  si  jungitur  ulla 

Ursidio  ?  si  liicBchorum  notissimus  olim 

Stulta  maritali  jam  porrigit  ora  capistro,       « ^  " 

Quern  toties  texit  perituri  cista  Latini  ? 
45  Quid  ?  quod  et  antiquis  uxor  de  moribus  illi 

Quaeritur.     O,  medici,  mediam  pertundite  venam  ! 

Delicias  hominis  !  Tarpeium  limen  adora 

'  Though  certain  of   losing,  on  be-  det  moUibm  ora  eapistrit ;   Virg.  G.  iii. 

coming  a  father,  if  not  on  becoming  a  188.    Cf.  Pallad.  epig.  ziii.  in  Bruncli's 

husband,  all  those  dainty  presents  with  Anal.  t.  ii.  p.  409.  and  note  on  ix.  5.  Rm 

which    legacy-hunters   had    previously  See  also  206  sqq. 

flied  him.    LU,  FE,  vr,  18  sqq.  v.  98.  44.  <  Latinui,  in  the  farce,  to  escape 

36  sqq.  PR,  x.  202.  M.  from  the  incensed  husband  was  obliged 

'  Tuitle-doves*  were  considered  great  to  jump  into  any  place  of  concealment 

delicacies.    BRL    tu  tibi   Utoi   habeat  that  came  first  to  hand.'  VS.  T.  turpi 

turturet,  piteeSt  avu ;   Plant.  Most.  I.  i.  elautut  in  area,  ^uo  te  dtmisit  peecmti 

44.  PR,    Mart.  III.  Ixx.  7.  Izxxii.  21.  emteia  herilU,  contraetum  genitus  Utngis 

XIII.  liii.  R,  eapul ;  tstque  marito  Malroiicr  ptecauU*  in 

40.  *  And  bearded  surmullets.'  iv.  15.  ambo  Justa  potatas  ;  Hor.  II  S.  viL 
y.  92.  PR.  muUi  barba  gemiiM  in-  69 — 62.  PR,  By  omitting  one  letter  we 
rigniuntur  inferiori  liAro;  Pun.  ix.  17  s  should  have;ier;urt,  VJL  which  wodid 
30.  These  barbati  muUi,  Cic  Att.  ii.  1.  give  us  an  imitation  of  the  Virgilian 
Van*.  B.  R.  iii.  17.  were  the  more  deli-  cadences  in  M,  u,  195.  and  i£.  t.  811. 
cate.  Ttnmrtf  T  t^  rh*  r^tyXnf  Itip^mf  Thus  Roscius  b  said  to  have  acted 
(a  Syracusan  writer  of  Mimes),  litti  ml  improbiuimum  et  pgrjuriitimum  i«- 
T^  yint**  ix4iffu4  W»Af  tUi  ^AA«»  rSt  nonem ;  Cic.  pro  Rose.  7.  where  it  is 
ixi^v'  Ath.  vii.  21.  R,  opposed  by  the  orator  toe  a  stum,  HR, 

*  And  all  the  tempting  baits  of  the  'You  have  often  acted  the  renturous 

market,  with  which  old  men  are  caught.'  gallant,  and  now  you  are  going  to  act 

FE,  V.  95.  97.  PR.  xi.  64.  R,  the  duped  husband.'    See  note  on  i.  36. 

41.  Mopto  Nita  datur,  quid  non  spe-  and  Shaksp.  Merry  Wives  of  Windsor, 
remui  amantesJ  jungentur  jam  gryptus  III.  iii.  Or.  A.  A.  iii.  607  sqq. 
e^iiti,  S^e,  Virg.  £.  viii.  26  sqq.  PR.  45.  '  And  he  would  have  forsooth  one 
I1ius  Benedick  says,  "  I  will  not  be  of  the  wives  of  the  golden  age  V  LO, 
sworn,  but  love  may  transform  me  to  an  '  knowing,  as  he  well  must,  that  such  a 
oyster  ;  but  I'll  take  my  oath  on  it,  till  one  is  not  to  be  got  now-a-dayi  for  love 
he  have  made  an  oyster  of  me,  he  shall  or  money.'  R, 

never  make  me  such  a  fool ;"  and  pre-  Quidi  ([uod:  cf.  iii.  147.  ilf. 

sently  afterwards,  "  I  may  chance  have  46.  Some  suppose  the  vein  in  the  arm, 

some  odd  quirks  and  remnants  of  wit  called    mediana,  to    be  meant.    BAJ. 

broken  on  me,  because  I  hare  railed  so  This  calling  for  the  doctor,  as  thoogb 

long  against  marriage:  But  doth  not  the  Ursidius  were  labouring  onder  a  brain 

appetite  alter  1  A  man  loves  the  meat  in  fever,  is  in  the  same  style  as  xiv.  262. 

his  youth  that  he  cannot  endure  in  his  xiii.  97.  Hor.  II  S.  iii  166.  R. 

age :"    Shaksp.  Much  Ado  about  No-  47.  Ten',  o  deliciu  I  extra  eommwma 

thing,  II.  iii.  cen$et  ponendum  7    xiii.  140  sq.    '  You 

The  words  eoryux  and  in  matrimonio  are  a  pretty  fellow  to  expect  better  lock 

are  to  be  supplied.  LU.    Virg.  M,  iv.  than  your  neighbours,  when  you  are  the 

192.  R.  last  man  to  deserve  it'  R.  LU. 

43.  Luxuria  pueriiiM  nuptialibut  'The  temple  of  Capitoline  Jove  on 

pedicit  coUiganda;  Apul.  L17.    'Like  the  summit  of  the  Tarpeian  rock,' eon- 

a  beast  of  burden  who  quietly  stretches  tained  three  chapels,  one  sacred  to  J  a  no, 

forth  his  head  to  the  bridle  or  halter.'  M,  another  to  Minerva,  and  the  central  one 


SAT.  VI.  OF  JUVENAL.  1 13 

Pronus  et  auratam  Junoni  caede  juvencam, 

Si  tibi  coQtigerit  capitis  matrona  pudici. 
60  Paucae  adeo  Cereris  vittas  contingere  dignse, 

Quanim  non  timeat  pater  oscula.     Necte  coronam 

Postibus  et  densos  per  limina  tende  corymbos. 

Unus  Iberinse  vir  sufficit?  Ocius  illud 

Extorquebis,  ut  haec  oculo  contenta  sit  uno. 
55       <<  Magna  tamen  fama  est  cujusdam  rure  patemo 

Viventis.*'     Vivat  Gabiis,  ut  vixit  in  agro ; 

Yivat  Fldenis  I  Et  agello  cedo  patemo. 

Quia  tamen  affirmat,  nil  actum  in  montibus  aut  in 

Speluncis  ?  Adeo  senuerunt  Jupiter  et  Mars  ? 

to  J«piter.  LCr.  cf.  X.  66  triq.     UtUmpli  ix.  85.  x.  65.  xii.  84.  91.  Ov.  M.  i?. 

Utigtn  gnduiprpeumbit  uterque  pronu$  759.  Claud.  Nupt.  H.  «t  M.  208.  R, 

hmmi  gtSdtfm§  jmmm  dtdU  oicula  (vftr-  53.  '  Do    you    expect   that   Iberina 

Ml)  Muvt  Oy.  M.  i.  375  sq.  A.  (your  wife  that  it  to  be)  will  rest  content 

4S^Amratiie0rnihuthotii€Bmajorn  with  o n e  husband  t'  FA. 

tmiucmt  mmotakmuhtr ;  Plin.  xxxiii.  3.  54. '  If  such  a  proposal  were  seriously 

dw.  4.  LU,  PR,  ftiTmilym  fV^  $«th  made  to  her,  she  would  exclaim  "  Eripiet 

imr,  x€^^  Mimn  waM^t^'  Uoni.  Od.  quivis  oeuUn  eitim  mihi !"  Hor.  11  S.  v. 

r  382  Mq.  425  sq.  437  sqq.  Tib.  IV.  i.  85.  FA.  Sil.  iv.  758  sq.  R, 

1&.  V.  Place  i.  89.  iii.  431.  Plat  Alcib.  lUud  and  hac  serve  only  as  props  to 

n.  p.  176.    The  magnitude  of  the  Mess-  the  metre.  JO,    The  lines  are  careless 

ing  woold  not  only  require  t  larger  vie-  and  unpoetical.  G. 

tim,  Irat  one  with  gilded  horns.  R,  55. '  Yet  Fame  speaks  well  of  a  cer- 

Jmrntmi  mmte  emmm  eui  vinela  jugatia  tain  young  lady  woo  has  spent  all  her 

<«*w;  Viig.  M,  iv.  69.  LU,  Or.  Am.  life  at  her  father's  house  in  the  country.* 

III.  xin.  3  iqq.  R.  PR,    But  the  less  fame  has  to  do  with 

49.  '  Hood    fat  *  person.'  by  synec-  the  female  character,   the  better ;    cf. 

dodM.  PA.  Thuc.  ii.  46>. 

60.  *  To  be  priestenes  of  Ceres,'  whose  56.  *  Before  1  can  admit  her  to  be  the 

slatooy  as  that  of  other  deities,  was  deco-  paragon  of  virtue  which  you  fondly  fancy 

ntcd  with '  ttlets.'  VS,  None  but  chasto  oer,  she  must  have  seen  some  httle  of 

motions  wen  tdminble  to  the  celebia-  the  world.' 

tioo  of  bw  rites.  FA.  cf.  xt.  140  sq.  Gabii,  once  a  city  of  the  Volsci,  and 

Collioi.  m  Cer.   I  and  5.    Conriputn  Fidense,  an  ancient  town  of  Latium,  in 

mermm  ^gkm,  mmdbutque  eruintit  vir»  point  of  populousoess,  were  but  one  re- 

guMw  aaifi  Jwtt  ecmtingtre  vittat ;  Virg.  move  from  oer  father's  farm.  cf.  x.  100. 

^.  ii.  167  aq.  H*  GabUt  deurtwr  atque  Fidenu  vicui ;  Hor. 

51."  So  itioog  their  filial  kisaes  smack  I  £p.  xi.  7  sq.  Pk  G. 

of  loaL"  G.  57.  '  I  grant  what  you  say  as  to  her 

62.  PreviOBsly  to  bringing  home  the  correct  conduct  while  under  her  father's 

beido,  the  doorposts  of  the  bridegroom  roof.'  M, 

wore  odorood  wnh  wreaths  of  flowers  and  58. '  But  she  could  not  have    been 

boogha  of  Ofoigieeust  and  scaffolding  was  always  within  doors:   therefore  no  one 

encicd  in  ftoot  of  the  house  and  along  can  answer  for  what  may  have  hap- 

Ae  streots  tfaroogh  which  the  new* married  pened.' 

ample  were  to  pass,  for  the  accommoda-  59.  See  note  on  16.  PR.  cf.  Tib.  II. 

tioo  of  tboie  who  flocked   to  see  the  L  67.    quid  ergo  ett,  quare  apud  poetat 

nvpliol  pffoceasion.     The  poorer  classes  talaeiuimtu  Jvpittr  dBMterit  liberas  tolLgret 

obo  had  their  garlands  and  processions,  utrvm  tmagenarim  factu$  ei(,  tt  UU  Ux 

oo  a  imalleff  scale.  G.  76  iq.  M,  227  sq.  Papim  Jibulam   (cf.  v.  73.)    impauit  Y 


114  THE  SATIRES  sat.  vl 

60       PorticibuBne  tibi  monstratur  femina  yoto 
Digna  tuo  ?  Cuneis  an  habent  spectacula  totis. 
Quod  securus  ames  quodque  inde  excerpere  possis  ? 
Chironomon  Ledam  molli  saltante  BathyllO} 


Seneca  ap,  Lactant  i.  16.  R.     TUeae  and    being    accompanied    by  a    better 

illicit  amours  were  generally,  in  ancient  orchestra  than   Rome  bad  yet  seen,  it 

times,  laid  to  the  account  of  the  Gods.  astonished  and  delighted  the  people  so 

60.  These  '  arcades  or  piazzas'  were  much,  that  they  forsook  in  some  mea- 
the  fashionable  lounge  of  Roman  ladies,  sure  their  tragic  and  comic  poets,  for  the 
where  they  might  see  and  be  seen,  with-  more  expressrve  ballets  of  Pylades  and 
out  exposure  to  the  weather.    (Spectatum  Bathyllus. 

veniunt,  veniunt  spectentur  ut  ipsa  t  Ov.  To  say  the  truth,  these  were  very  ez- 

A.  A.  i.  99.)    There  were  several  of  traordinarv  men.    The  art  which   they 

these  porticoes :  tu  modo  Pompeia  Untu$  introduced  thejr  carried  to  the  highest 

tpaliare  sub  umbra  i — nee  libi  vitetur,  qua  pitch  of  perfection,  and  however  skilfal 

portieus  auctorh  Livia  nomen  hJtet ; — nee  their  followers  may  have  been,  they  do 

fuge  linigerae  Memphitica  templajuvenccs,  not  appear  to  have  added  any  thing  to  the 

^c.     Ibid,  50  and  67  sqq.  PR.  M,  R.  magnihcence  of  the  scene,  or  the  aciea- 

61.  The  steps  from  bench  to  bench  of  tific  movements  of  the  first  performers, 
the  amphitheatres,  after  ascending  ob-  We  can  form  no  adequate  idea  of  the 
liquely  to  the  uppermost  row,  descended  attachment  of  the  Romans  to  these  ez- 
at  the  same  angle  of  inclination  to  the  hibitions :  it  degenerated  into  a  kind  of 
lowest  I  so  as  to  divide  the  seats  into  the  passion,  and  occupied  their  whole  aonls. 
shape  of '  wedges,'  having  the  points  al-  Augustus  regarded  it  with  conolacency, 
ternately  upwards  and  downwards,  like  and  either  from  a  real  love  for  tne  art,  or 
the  letter  W  :  see  F.  LI.  from  policy,  conferred  honours  and  im- 

62.  Seeurus  *  without  misgivings.'  munities  on  its  professors.  By  an  old 
MNS,  law,  magistrates  were  allowed  to  inflict 

Sed  tu  pracipue  curvis  venare  theatris;  corporal  punishment  on  mimi  and  players ; 

t//tc  invenieSf  quod  ames,  qttodque  tenere  pantcmimi  (such  was  the  expressive  name 

ve/ii;  Ov.  A.  A.  i.  89  sqq.  R.  given  to  these  new  performers)  were  ez- 

63.  Before  the  time  of  Augustus,  the  empted  from  this  law;  they  were  besides 
Romans  were  acquainted  with  no  inter-  allowed  to  aspire  to  honours  from  which 
medial  amusements  but  mimes  and  farces  the  former  were  excluded.  Such  protec- 
of  the  lowest  and  most  desultory  kind,  tion  produced  its  natural  effects  i  inso- 
Buffoons  from  Tuscany  were  the  per-  lence  in  the  dancers,  and  parties  among 
formers  in  these  pieces,  which  were  in-  the  people.  Pylades  excelled  in  tragic 
troduced  between  the  acts  of  their  tra*  and  Batnyllus  in  comic  subjects ;  hence 
gedies  and  comedies,  and  consisted  of  arose  disputes  on  their  respective  merits, 
little  more  than  coarse  and  licentious  which  were  conducted  with  all  the  warmth 
ribaldry,  and  the  most  ridiculous  and  ex-  of  a  political  question.  Augustus  flattered 
travagant  antics.  In  this  state  the  himself  that  he  should  re-establish  tran- 
stage  was  found  by  Pylades  and  Bathyl-  quillity  by  banishing  the  former ;  but  he 
lus  ;  the  latter  of  whom  was  a  native  of  was  mistaken ;  the  people  found  Uiey  had 
Alexandria,  and  one  of  Miecenas'  slaves,  lost  one  great  source  of  amusement  by 
He  had  seen  Pylades  dance  in  Cilicia,  his  absence,  and  their  clamours  occa- 
and  spoke  of  him  in  such  terms  to  his  sioned  his  immediate  recall.  I1ie  death 
master,  that  he  sent  for  him  to  Rome,  of  Bathyllus,  soon  after  this  event,  left 
Here  these  two  men  formed  the  plan  of  a  Pylades  without  a  rival.  He  did  net 
new  kind  of  spectacle,  which  pleased  bear  his  faculties  meekly ;  he  frequently 
Mscenas  so  much,  that  be  gave  Bathyl-  insulted  the  spectators  for  not  compra- 
lus  his  freedom,  and  recommended  both  hending  him,  and  they  endeavourea  in 
him  and  his  friend  to  Augustus.  This  their  turn  to  make  him  feel  the  weight 
new  spectacle  was  a  play  performed  by  of  their  resentment.  He  had  a  favourite 
action  alone ;  it  was  exhibited  on  a  mag-  pupil  named  Hylas ;  this  youth  they 
nificent  theatre  raised  for  the  purpose,  opposed  to  the  yeteran,  who  eaaly  tn- 


SAT.  VI.                       OF  JUVENAL.  115 

Tucda  yesicfle  non  imperat;  Appula  gannit, 
65  Sicut  in  amplezu.     Subitum  et  Miserabile,  Longum 

mnphed  over  hit  tdreiiary,  though  he  played  the  Swan  or  the  Lady  cannot 

ooukl  not  humble  him.     We  hear  no  now  be  told ;  but  in  a  story  so  wantonly 

more  of  Pylades ;  but  Hylas  fell  under  firamed,  and  in  an  age,  where  so  little 

the  displeasure  of  the  emperor  soon  after^  restraint  was  imposed  on  an  actor,  enough 

mnd,  ii  I  rightly  understand  Suetonius,  might  be  done  in  either,  to  interest  and 

was, «'  contrary  to  the  statute  in  that  case  inflame  the  coldest  spectator.  G. 

made  and  provided/'  publicly  whipped  As  the  successors  of  Pylades,  in  the 

at  the  door  of  his  own  nouse.  tragic  ballet,  were  called  by  his  name. 

It  appears  from  this  that  Augustus  so   the  successors  of  Bathyllus,  in  the 

kept  the  soperintendence  of  these  jpeople  comic  ballet,  were  honoured  with  the 

in  his  own  hands.    Tiberius  left  them  to  name  of  that  eminent  dancer.  SA.    In 

tbemeelvca,  and  the  consequence  of  his  like  manner  the  name  of  llucius  has 

iBdiffcrenoe  was,  that  the  theatres  were  been  often  applied  to  distinguished  ac- 

firequcDtlj  made  a  scene  of  contention  tors. 

ami   bloM,  in  whidi   numbets  of  all  64.  '  The  exhibition  of  these  ballets  is 

ranks  perished.  A  variety  of  regulations,  attended  with  danger  even  to  the  purest 

as  we  learn  from  Taatus,  were  now  minds.     They  would   excite   improper 

made  to  check  the  evil,  which  they  only  emotions  even  in  the  immaculate  Vestal's 

served  to  eza^terate ;  and  in  conclusion  breast,  and  will  fill  the  head  of  the 

the  emperor  was  oblised  to  shut  up  the  innocent  country  girl  with  unchaste  ideas.' 

theatres  aad  banish  we  performers.     In  Segnius  irritant  animos  demiua  per  aurtm, 

this  state  were  things  at  the  accession  of  quam  qua  ntnt  ochUm  ml^ecta  Jidelibui,  et 

Caligala.     Ifis  first  care  was  to  undo  q^ue  ipsa sibitradit  $pectatrix;  Hot, 

every  thing  that  had  been  done.    Under  A.  P.  180  sqq. 

this  profligate  madman,  the  ballets  took  Tuecia  was  a  Vestal,  who,  when  her 

a   licentkws   turn,    and    hastened   the  character  was  impeached,  cleared  it  by 

mwinff  dcseneracy  of  manners.    Clau-  the  ordeal  of  drawing  water  in  a  sieve. 

diua  Itft  them  as  he  found  them ;  but  V.  Max.  VIII.  i.  5.    Plin.  xxviii.  2.  8. 

voder  Neio,  the  bloody  disputes  to  which  I'o  this  stoir  there  seems  an  oblique  allu- 

thej  oottstintly  gave  birtn,  reluctantly  sion.  cf.  i.  39.  xi.  161.  LU,  HN,  R, 

compdled  that  prince  to  banish  them  <  The  modest  Apulian  brunette  loses, 

oBoe  more.    He  was  too  fond  of  the  fine  for  the  time,  all  sense  of  decency.'  LU. 

arts,  however,  to  snfier  so  capital    a  pudica  mulier,  Sabina  quaUs,  aut  perusta 

bfanch  of  them  to  languish  in  neglect,  tolibut  pemicii  uxor  AppuU ;  Hor.  Ep.  ii. 

and  thcrefof*  speedily  brought  back  the  39  sq.  cf.  x.  298  sq.  A. 

exiles.    From  this  time  the  pantomimi  '  Whines.' L{/.  Apul.Met.  ii.  p.  119, 

seem  to  haTe  flourished  unmolested,  until  8.  principio  tremulit  gannitibus  aera 

Paris,  the  Bathyllus  of  Domitian's  reign,  pulsat,  verbaque  lascivot  meretricum  imi- 

raised    the   jeuousy  of   that  wretched  tantia  ccetut  vibrat;    Auson.  £p.  cviii. 

tyrant,  who  put  him,  and  a  young  dancer  4  sqq.  R. 

who  resembled  him,  to  death,  and  drove  65.  Amplexu ;  Sil.  xi.  399.  JR. 

the  rest  from  Rome.  They  were  recalled  Subitum,  Miterabite,  Longum,  accord- 

the  instant  the  emperor  was  assassinated,  ing  to  J.  Pollux,  were  the  technical  names 

and  conrinned   tbrongh    the  whole  of  of  certain  movements :  LU,  '(cf.  Pers. 

Kerva's  and  some  part  of  his  successor's  i.  33  sqq.    Anhelat  verbisque  sonat  pio- 

r«i|;n  ;    hut  they  were  now  become  so  rabile  quiddam  ultra  Hequitiamfractit; 

vitmted  bj  the  shameful  indulgence  of  Claud.  Eutr.  i.  259  sqq.  R,)  correspond- 

Caligula  and  Nero,  that,  if  we  may  be-  ing  perhaps  to  the  terms  presto,  adagio, 

lieva  Pliny,  Trajan  finally  suppressed  ^c.  in  moaern  music. 

them,  at  the  unanimous  desire  of  the  Et  is  wanting  before  longum.    The 

people.  omission  of  the  conjunction  is  common 

The  ChtmHMaofi  here  mentioned,  was  in  Juvenal,  and  is  sometimes  awkward, 

a  ballet  of  action  founded  on  the  w^U-  as  in   118.  604.  viii.  27.    adde  et  bas' 

known  amonr  of  Leda,  in  which  some  eaudas,    et    milU   etcaria,  multum  eee- 

Catottrite  dancer  ^probably  Paris)  was  iati ;  xii.  46  sq.  and  particularly  here. 

the  principal  pertbnner.    Whether  he  H. 


116                             THE  SATIRES  sat.  vi. 

Attendit  Thymele ;  Thymele  tunc  rustica  disdt. 
Ast  aliae,  quoties  aulaea  recondita  cessant 
Et  vacuo  clausoque  sonant  fora  sola  theatre 
Atque  a  plebeiis  longe  Megalesia,  tristes 
70  Personam  thyrsumque  tenent  et  subligar  Acci. 
Urbicus  ezodio  risum  movet  Atellanse 

66.  '  Is  all  attention  to.'  PJR.  Maritu  M^UruUms  Jleri  eeMma^ui  volugrunt : 
impigre  prudenterque  tuorum  et  hattium  ftU  lunl  nur^Jgutitutitjite  nutxims  etuH, 
ra  pariter  att«nd«re;  Sail.  B.  J.  93.  tolemnei,  nli^b:  fui  unt  btdi  n$  verbo 

'  The  most  adroit  figurante   on  the  fuidMtn  appeilantur  Latino,  ut  voe^mlo 

stage  was  once  bat  a  simple  country  ipto  et  appetita  relig^n  externa,  et  Matris 

laas;    but  she  like  others  cauffht   the  Magtta  (riff  fnydXns  fui^^)  fomimt 

infection,  and  to  such  a  degree  that  she  euteepta  deciaretur :    aeroerum  Megaleeia 

now  executes  to  adnuration  the  gestures  fuerunt!  Cic.  Har.  Resp.  12.  PA.  of.  Oy. 

and  attitudes  which  once  astonished  her  F.  iv.   179  sqq.  357.    Li  v.  zxix.   14. 

weak  mind.'  taltantei  Satyroi  imitabitur  zxxi?.  54.  R.   Daring  the  above  intenral« 

Alphesibasus  ;  Virg.  E.  y.  73.  only  the  greater  scenic  games  were  sot- 

Discit  *  becomes  knowing,'  LU»  *  takes  pended.  ACH.  The  Circensian  Games  in 

a  lesson.'    in   theatrit  admonetur  omnit  honor  of   Ceres  were    a    patrician 

atat.Jieri  pone  quod  factum  eet  7  exempla  festival,  cf.  Ov.  F/iv.  353>  Geli.  ii.  24. 

Jiuntf  qu€B  jam  esse  faeinora  destiterunt,  xriii.  2.  H.            '^ 

aduUerium  ditcitur  dum  videtur;  et  ieno-  Tri^tei  *  victims  of  ennui.' 

cinante  ad  vitia  public€e  auctoritatit  malo,  70.  *  The  tragic  mask'  was  the  in- 

qua  pudica  Jarta$$e  ad  tpectaculum  acce$'  vention  of  iE^hylus.   Hor.  A.  P.  278. 

terat,  inde   revertitur    impudica,    movet  PR,  iii.  175.  R, 

semui,    mulcet    affectui,  expugnat    boni  '  The  spear  wreathed  with  vine-leaves' 

pectoris  conscientiam  fortiorem ;  Cyprian  was  one  of  the  insignia  borne  by  the 

£p.  ii.  2.  Lact.  i.  20.  Tertull.  de  Spect.  votaries  of  Bacchus ;  to  whom  the  dimma 

17.  Sen.  £p.  17.  Colum.  pr.  PR,  A,  was  originally  sacred.  PR,  Hor.  A.  P. 

67.  When  the  theatrical  season  was  277.  R. 

over, '  the  curtains  were  packed  away.'  This  '  girdle'  was  a   pair  of   short 

Hy  '  the  curtains'  we  may  understand  drawers  {wt^t^mftM),  which  merely  went 

'  all  the  stage  property.'  LU,  M,    Ac-  round  the  hips,  and  left  the  thighs  bare. 

cording  to  Isidore  *  hangings'  were  called  PA,  scenicorum  hum  tantam  habet  a  vetere 

aulaea  (Hor.  A.  P.  154.)  from  being  discipUna  verecundiam,  ut  in  icenam  tins 

first  used  in  the  hall  of  Attains  king  of  subiigaeuio  prodeat  nemo;    Cic.   Off.  L 

Pergamiis.  PR.  cf.  Lucr.  iv.  73.   Virg.  35.  PR, 

G.  iii.  24  sq.  Ov.  M.  iii.  Ill  sqq.  B,  Aceiui  was  the  name  of  a  tragic  poet 

68.  Even  then  **  Coelebs  in  search  of  a  and  annalist,  who  flourished  about  A.  U. 
wife  '  would  have  known  where  to  have  600 :  but  here  it  is  probably  some  pan* 
looked  for  one:  et  fora  eonveniunt  tomimic  actor  who  is  meant.  PR,  R, 
{qui$  credere  poait!)  amort;  Jktmmaque  71.  Urbicta  is  either  the  name  or 
in  arguto  tttpe  reperiaforo:  Sjc,  Ov.  A.  appellation  of  some  buffoon  engaged  per* 
A.  79  sqq.  haps  to  amuse  the  ladies  at  their  private 

69.  From  the  5th  of  April  to  the  15th  theatricals  during  the  recess.  P£.  cf. 
of  November  was  an  interval  quite  long  Mart.  1.  xxzii.  11.  A. 

enough  to  exercise  the  patience  of  the  Exodium ;  iii.  174  sq.  PE,  Suet.  Tib. 

ladies.  G.     Understand  distant,  LU.  45.  PR,    The  name  is  perhaps  derived 

•  The  Plebeian  games'  were  instituted  from  its  immediately  following  the  I{ilir» 

either,  exactis  regibut,  pro  libertate  plebit;  which  is  the  last  part  of  a  tragedy  |  Arist* 

aut pro reeoneiliationepMis  post  seeessionem  Poet.  VO, 

in  Aventinum;  Ascon.  m  Verr.  ii.  Dionys.  '  The  Atellan  Play'  (cf.  note  on  i.  3.) 

vii.^n.  Plin.  vii  56.  A,  PR,  R.  had  its  name  from  Atella,  a  town  of  the 

Brutus  instituted  the   other  games;  Osci  in  Campania  between  Capua  and 

quot  in  Palatio  nostri  majaret  ante  tern"  Naples,  now   '  Aversa.'    It  resembled 

plum,  in  ipso  Matrie  Magna  conspeetu,  the  Satyric  Drama  of  the  Greeks.    /«• 


SAT.  VI.  OF  JUVENAL.  1 1 7 

Gestdbus  Autonoes :  hunc  diligit  ^lia  pauper. 

Solvitur  his  magno  comoedi  fibula.     Sunt,  quse 

Chrysogonum  cantare  vetent     Hispulla  tragoedo 
75  Gaudet.     An  exspectas,  ut  Quintilianus  ametur? 

Accipis  uxoreni)  de  qua  citharoedus  Echion 

Aut  Glaphyrus  fiat  pater  Ambrosiusque  choraules. 

Longa  per  angustos  figamus  pulpita  vicos : 

Omentur  po8ti|p  et  grandi  janua  lauro, 
80  Ut  testudineo  tibi,  Lentule,  conopeo 

vmhukutnamikuiJiAtUmnim  aetu  rtUeto,  LU,  vii.  176.  cf.  Ath.  xii.  9.  R, 

ipmbiigrmtmnatUiquoridUulainUxta  Hitpulla;  xii.   11.  LU,     Her  niece 

vtnibiujmetiianetipiii  qua  inde  exodia  married  the  younger  Pliny ;  £p.  iy.  19. 

'^-'^  mpptilatm  comtriaqut  fabtllu  patit'  75. '  Qaintilian'  was  a  very  virtuous  at 

Atellanii   mnU    quod  gmuu  well  as  learned  man,  whom  Juvenal  al- 

iakO$diaeetpium  Unuitjwmuus,  ways  roeDtions  with  respecL     Some  say 

ak  kUtfiomil^  poUui  paua  ett*    «o  that  he  took  lessons  of  him  in  rhetoric  i 

tmftfuliiM  MoiMt,  tti  aeUnt  AttUanarum  lee  next  satire.    G.     The  name  here 

mte  tribu  mvwmntur,  €t  iUpendia  tamquam  denotes  '  a  man  of  genuine  worth  and 

experu$  mi$  ludiera  faeiant ;  Iiv.vii.2.  talent.'  LU.   cf.  280.    Postumus  was 

PR.     It  was  somewhat  of  the  same  probably  a  man  of  genius.  JR. 

mtiire  at  the  modern  bnrletta  of  Midas.  Exipeetat ;  239.  xiv.  25.    Ov.  A.  A. 

72.  Antoooe  was  one  of  the  nnfortu-  iii.  749.  R, 

Date  danghters  of  Cadmus  and  Hermione,  76.  De  qua  *  by  whom.'  GR.  Mart. 

and  the  mother  of  Actason.  LU,    This  VI.  zxxix.  A. 


probably  a  biirles(|ue  of  some  serious  77.  '  The  choral  flute-player.'  LU. 

ballet  on  the  same  subject ;  as  there  was  Giaphyrui  was  a  celebrated  performer 

little  that  was  laughable  in  the  tragic  on  the  flute  in  the  Aurustan  age.   Mart, 

history  of  Aotonoe,  G.  any  more  than  in  IV.  y.  An  tip.  £p.  28  sq.  in  Brunck's 

the  kives  of  Pyrtmos  and  Thisbe ;  which  An.  t.  ii.  p.  116.  R,    See  Mart  VI. 

notwithstanding  become  laughter-stirring  zzzix.  G. 

in  the  hands  of  Bottom  and  his  com-  78.  *  All  these  mnd  preparations  are 

pany.  made;  and  for  wnat  endl  Why,  that 

JSiia  was  a  lady  sprung  from  a  very  thy  chaste  and  exemplary  wife  may  pre- 

poor  tlMMgh  respectabk  family.  V.  Max.  sent  thee  with  a  fac-simUe  of  some  pnze* 

IV.  !▼.  8.  LU:  PR.    Uv.  xxxii.  7.  R.  fighter.' 

The  olgcct  of  her  affections  not  being  a  '  Made  narrow  by  the  crowds  of  spec- 

vocal  performer  did  not  wear  a  buckle,  tators,  LU.  as  well  as  by  the  scaffolding 

and  tnerefore  was  to  be  obtained  at  a  erected  along  them,  (note  on  52.)  from 

cheaper  rate.  F£.  which  poets  recited  epithalamia.'  VL, 

73.  "  II  »*agU  d^vnM  opSration  pratiqu^e  79.  '  With  the  entire  tree :'  T§eto  pro' 

Ub  flNcifiif  pttir  eonuner  aux  aeteurt  eerai  stipite  laurut ;  Cat.  Ixiv.  290.  GR. 


lacMjr:  giU  %*appMini  infibulation,  cf.  zu.91.  A. 

mm  abftt  ^UU  dfempSehir  e$us  qu§  Von  80.  '  Under  the  canopy  of  a  bedstead 

hmaHoit  ^mvobr  eommereo  avoc  lotfimmn ;"  inlaid  with  tortoiseshell.   umtwu§9  is  '  a 

DX,     Tettnllian,  when  he  says  that  fine  meshed  (vii.  40.)  net  to  keep  oflT 

we  ooght' to  mortify  our  Insts,' expresses  gnats,'  <  a  musquito  net.*  Hor.  Ep.  ix. 

itby  tEewords/ftwiameamtimpofMrr.  G.  16.  cf.  89  and  xi.  94  sq.  VS.  LU.  M. 

cf.  Cels.  vii.  25.  LU.  Mart  VII.  Ixxxi.  Mart.  IX.  Ix.  9.  XII.  Ixxvii.  5.  XIV. 

PR. «.  37a.  ar.  Ixxxvli.  Anthol.  iv.  32.  Plut.  Ant  p. 

With  magno  understand  prttio.  LU.  927.  Varr.  R.  R.  II.  x.  8.  Prop.  III.  xi. 

By  Ail  more  wealthy  ladies  are  sig-  45.  R. 

nifica.  LU.  Juvenal,  when  he  gave  his  friend  the 

74.  Cknfttgomu  was  a  singer,  who  name  of  Lmtti^tM,  hiul  in  view  the  fol- 

lost  Ids  TOMe  owing  to  his  debaucheries,  lowing  curious  anecdote.    The  consuk 


118 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  VI, 


Nobilis  Euryalum  mirmillonem  exprimat  in£Eui8. 
Nupta  Senator!  comitata  est  Hippia  Ludium 
Ad  Pharon  et  Nilum  famosaque  moenia  Lagi, 
Prodigia  et  mores  Urbis  damnante  Canopo. 

85  Immemor  ilia  domus  et  conjugis  atque  sororis 
Nil  patriffi  indulsit,  plorantesque  improba  natos, 
Utque  magis  stupeas,  ludos  Paridemque  reUquit. 
Sed  quamquam  in  magnis  opibus  pk|maque  patema 
Et  segmentals  dormisset  parvula  cunis, 

90  Contemsit  pelagus :  famam  contemserat  olim, 
Cujus  apud  moUes  minima  est  jactura  eathedras. 


Lentulus  and  Metellus  (A.  U.  696) 
were  obsenred  by  all  the  spectators  at  a 
play,  to  be  extremely  like  a  secood  and 
third  rate  actor,  then  on  the  stage  !  V. 
Max.  IX.  xiv.  4.  The  poet  iosiauates 
with  malicious  archness,  that  Ursidius 
could  not  complain  that  his  <  son  and 
heir'  was  of  less  '  noble'  origin  than  him- 
self. G.  GR. 

81.  MirmiUo;  u.  143  sqq.  PR,  viii. 
200.  R. 

Exprimat  is  a  metaphor  taken  from 
statuary.  R,  *  He  is  toe  very  image  of 
Euryalus.' 

83.  The  '  senator*  was  Veiento ;  iv. 
1 13.  The  '  gladiator/  Sergius.  LU,  iii. 
185.  M. 

Hippia  i  X.  220.  R.  A  similar  story 
is  told  of  Alcinoe  and  Xanthus ;  Par- 
then.  Erot  27.  HN.  The  elopement 
of  Hippia  could  not  have  taken  place 
much  later  than  the  middle  of  Domitian's 
reign,  about  which  time  this  Satire  was 
composed.  Paris,  who  is  mentioned  v. 
87,  was  put  to  death  not  long  after ;  and 
the  pantomimic  performers  (here  spoken 
of  as  the  minions  of  the  ladies)  were 
ignominiously  driven  from  the  city.  G. 

Ludiut  originally  was  limited  to  the 
signification  of  *  a  stage-player  :'  but 
afterwards  it  became  the  proper  appella- 
tion of '  a  gladiator.'  SA.  cf.  104.  lAidium 
is  here  a  spondee  b^  emiiimt,  as  in  xi.  20. 
cf.  iv.  37.  R.  and  lii.  7& 

83.  Pharos  was  a  small  island  in  the 
bay  of  Alexandria  on  which  stood  the 
celebrated  light-house  built  by  Sostratus, 
and  accounted  one  of  the  seven  wonders 
of  the  world.  LU.  PR.  R. 

Either  '  infamous*  on  account  of  the 
dissolute  manners  which  prevailed  there ; 


asyamofiis  Cannput ;  xv.  46.  or '  farnoua,' 
R.  as  Jerusalem  is  called  fomota  iiri« ; 
Tac.  H.  V.  2. 

Alexandriawasmadetheseat  of  govern- 
ment when  Egypt,  after  the  dismember- 
ment of  the  empire  of  Alexander  the 
great,  was  erected  into  an  independent 
kingdom  by  Ptolemy  Lagus  founder  of 
the  Macedonian  dynasty.  VS.  LU,  SiL  i. 
196.  R. 

84.  Prodigia  (iv.  97.)  «t  moret,  h  Xk 
)«•<*».  R.  cf.  285. 

•  Even  Cantiput ;'  i.  26.  PR. 

86.  *  She  showed  no  regard.'  PR. 

87.  What  can  mark  more  stronelj  tb« 
madness  of  Hippia  in  setting  t  nigher 
value  on  the  Circensian  eames  than  oa 
eveiy  thing  which  she  ought  to  hold  most 
dear,  and  that  of  the  Romans  in  being  so 
devotedly  fond  of  these  amusements  t  iii. 
223.  X.  81.  xi.  53.  LU.  PR.  R. 

Paris  was  a  celebrated  pantomimic 
actor,  who  continued  a  great  favourite 
with  Domitian,  till  the  empress  Domitia 
became  enamoured  of  nim  i  upon 
which,  he  was  put  to  death.  VS.  vit. 
87  sqq.  SueU  3.  10.  D.  Cass.  Mart.  XI. 
14.  There  was  another  famous  actor  of 
the  same  name,  whom  Nero  put  to 
death.  Suet.  54.  Tac  An.  xiii.  20.  22. 
27.  PR. 

88.  i.  159.  Ov.  M.  vii.  62  aqq.  R. 

89.  *  The  cradle'  was  either  (1)  *  de- 
corated  with  fnnge.'  VS.  ii.  124.  LU.  R. 
Or  (2)  <  inlaid  with  tessellated  wood,'  or 
(3)  '  veneered  with  tortoiseshell.'  v.  80. 
PR.  R. 

91 . '  The  loss  of  reputation  never  gives 
noble  ladies  the  slightest  concern.'  7; 

These  '  soft  chairs'  are  either  those  in 
which  they  usually  sat,  or  those  in  which 


SAT.  VI.  OF  JUVENAL.  119 

Tyrrhenos  igitur  fluctus  lateque  sonantem 
Pertulit  Ionium  oonstanti  pectore,  quamvis 
Mutandum  toties  esset  mare.    Justa  pericli 

95  Si  ratio  est  et  honesta,  timent  payidoque  gelantur 
Pectore  nee  tremulis  possunt  insistere  plantis : 
Fortem  animum  prsestant  rebus,  quas  turpiter  audent. 
Si  jubeat  conjux,  durum  est  conscendere  navim, 
Tunc  sentina  gravis,  tunc  summus  vertitur  aer: 

100  Quae  xncechum  sequitur,  stomacho  valet     Ilia  maritum 
Convomit:  base  inter  nautas  et  prandet  et  errat 
Per  puppem  et  duros  gaudet  tractare  rudentes. 
Qua  tamen  exarsit  forma,  qua  capta  juventa  est 
Hippia?  quid  vidit,  propter  quod  Ludia  dici 

105  Sustinuit?   Nam  Sergiolus  jam  radere  guttur 
Cceperat  et  secto  requiem  sperare  lacerto. 
Prssterea  multa  in  facie  deformia,  sicut 


tliev  were  etnied  when  they  went  oat  the  Romans  wore  their  beards  lonf ,  and 

r.  Ll.  FA»  i.  65.  Pft.  ix.  52.  M.  Mart,  hence  are  called  intonti,  harbati,   and 

III.  Ixin.  7.  XII.  zxzvui.  1.  capillati.  iii.  186.  iv.  103.  v.  30.  vi.  26. 

92.  «  The  TueaB  or  Lower  Sea.'  LU.  xri.  29.  Hor.  I  Od.  xiu  41.  II  Od.  zv. 

93.  '  The  Ionian  Sea'  lies  between  11.  Tib.  II.  i.  34.  Varr.  R.  R.  II.  xi. 
Sidlj  and  Crete.  LU»  As  umanUm  is  10.  Plin.  Tii.  59.  Tac.  An.  xiv.  15. 
Basraline,  Ionium  miut  agree  with  Their  chins  after  this  were  trimmed, 
nnoM,  at  /muu  uda  rgmugkiu  tinm  Noto,  either  by  shaving,  or  by  clipping.  Plant. 
Hor.  Ep.  X.  19.  otfluetmm,  BY,  or  pon-  Capt.  II.  ii.  16.  Young  lads  cherished 
tioB,  aa  tbc  Greeks  call  it  r^t  'Umw  ?iz.  their  beards  till  the  age  of 


age  of  twenty-one, 

K  R.  that  £g€Bu»;  Claud.  Eutr.  ii.  (Or.  A.  A.  i.  518  sqq.  Mart.  II.  xxx?i. 

334.  UK,  3  sqq.  August,  de  Civ.  D.  iv.  1.)  when  it 

94.  '  So  often'  vix.  the  Tuscan,  the  was  cut  and  consecrated  to  some  deity. 
IaaiaB«  the  JEgmui.  VS,  iii.  186.  xiii.  58.     Nondum  barbatut  de* 

95.  Jhmtnt  gtUmturque,  *  they  are  notes  '  a  boy ;'  15  sq.  barba  denotes 
fmmtk  wilk  fear.'  K.  See  note  on  i.  '  youth ;'  215.  viii.  166.  barbati  and  bar- 
166.  bahUi '  voun^  men  or  lads,'  xiii.  56.  58. 

97.  viii.  165.  M.cf.  v,  284  sq.  Plaut.  who  onf^  clipped  their  beard,  i.  25. 
M,  Gl.  IL  ▼.  54  si^.  R.  x.  226.  till  manhood,  or  the  age  of  foHj, 

98.  '  How  hard  it  is !'  ironically.  R.  at  which  they  began  to  shave :  and  this 
99l  '  The  bilge-water  is  intolerable :  was  the  time  of  life  '  little  Sergius'  had 

the  iky  tons  round  and  round;*  t.  e.  arrived  at.    Scinio  Africanus  was  the 

'  she  is  lick  and  giddv.'  LU*  first  who  shaved  daily;   afterwards  de- 

103.  '  Her  Bane  nad  neither  beauty  pilatorv  applications  were  invented :  ii. 

r  Toelfa  to  lecommend  him.'  LU»  107.  Tac.  An.  xiv.  15.  Cell.  iii.  4.  Plin. 

164.  '  What  did  she  see  in  himi'  vii.  59.  R.  F£.  LU. 
Ludia '  the  fencer's  trull.'  G.  106.  '  From  having  been  almost  dis- 

106.  Dtmittntives  are  used  as  terms  of  abled  by  a  cut  in  his  arm,  he  was  not 

doenaeiit ;  laiao  U  wtnam  paluwinUum,  without  hopes  of  obtaining  his  di»ch  arge : * 

mm  pmmtrtutum ;  Apul.  F£.  the  sign  of  which  was  the  being  pre- 

TSU  A.  U.  454,  when  P.  lldnius  sented  with  a  wooden  sword.  VS.  LU, 
iatndaotd  btrbcn  from  Sicily,        107.  '  For  instance.'  R. 


120 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT,  VI. 


Adtritus  galea  mediisque  in  naribus  ingens 
Gibbus  et  acre  malum  semper  stillantb  ocellL 

110  Sed  gladiator  erat :  faeit  hoc  illos  Hyacinthos ; 
Hoc  pueris  patriseque,  hoc  praetulit  ilia  sorori 
Atque  viro.  Ferrum  est,  quod  amant.    Hie  Sei^us  idem 
Accepta  rude  ccepisset  Veiento  videri. 

Quid*privata  domus,  quid  fecerit  Hippia,  curas? 

115  Respice  rivales  Divorum;  Claudius  audi 

Quie  tulerit     Dormire  virum  quum  senserat  uxor ; 
Ausa  Palatino  tegetem  prseferre  cubili, 
Sumere  noctumos  meretrix  Augusta  cucullos, 
Linquebat  comite  ancilla  non  amplius  una, 

120  Sed  nigrum  flavo  crinem  abscondente  galero. 


108.  <  Galled  with  his  helmet.'  M. 
viii.  203.  B, 

109.  '  A  wen'  M.  occasioned  by  fre- 
quent blows.  LU. 

"  And  sharp  rheum  trickled  from  his 
blood-shot  eyes."  6. 

110.  *  The  only  recommendation  he 
had  was  the  being  a  gladiator.' 

'  All  that  is  lovely.'  Hyadntkta  was 
beloved  by  Apollo,  who  accidentally 
killed  him,  and  changed  him  into  a  flower 
of  the  same  name.  Ov.  M.  z.  162  sqq. 
PR,  Thus  Promtthtut  is  used  for  *  t 
cunning  artificer;'  iv.  133.  A. 

112.  '  Tis  the  steel  thev  love.'  Faus- 
tina the  elder,  wife  of  Ivi.  Antoninus 
Pius,  Faustina  the  younger,  wife  of  M. 
Aurelius  Antoninus,  and  L.ueilta,  the  wife 
of  L.  Aurelius  Verus,  amongst  others, 
degraded  themselves  by  setting  their 
affections  on  gladiators.  GR.  ACn, 

113.  Cf.  vii.  171.  R.  Horace  uses  this 
metaphorically,  spectatum  satis,  et  dona- 
turn  jam  rucit,  quarts,  Maeenas,  iterum 
antiquo  me  inelud^re  htdo  ;  I  £p.  i.  2  sq. 
PR. 

114.  '  Dost  thou  feel  concerned  1'  PR. 
'  Private'  persons  were  so  called  as 

distinguished  from  the  magistrates;  i.  16. 
and,  under  the  imperial  government,  from 
the  emperors  ;  iv.  66.  xii.  107.  R. 

115.  The  emperors  themselves  may  be 
called  '  rirals  of  the  Gods :'  or  as  the 
word  '  rivals'  generally  denotes  '  com- 

Eititors  in  ]ove,°(Ov.  A.  A.  iii. 563. 598. 
c.)  it  may  signify '  those  who  intrigued 
with  empresses,'  the  emperors  themselves 


being  called  Divi  because  it  was  the 
practice  to  d  e  i  f  y  them  after  death.   VS. 

116.  '  His  wife  Messalina.'  VS,  x.  331 
sqq.  Suet.  CI.  26. 29. 36  sq.  D.  Cast.  \x. 
14  sqq.  Aur.  Vict.  Ces.  4.  R.  Tac.  An. 
xi.  12.  26.  30.  FE.  Plin.  x.  63  «  83. 
PR. 

117.  *  To  the  imperial  chamber  in  the 

Slace.'  FA.  LU.  cf.  Mart  XIV.  cxlvii. 
NS. 
'  A  coarse  mattress.'  VS.  v.  8.  R. 

118.  Et  is  omitted ;  see  note  on  65. 

'  The  imperial  harlot :'  Augusta  vras 
the  empress  s  title.  M.  Thus  Cleopatra 
is  called  meretrix  regina ;  Prop.  III.  zi. 
39.  Plin.  ix.  35  i  58.  R. 

'  A  hood*  or  '  calash,'  which  she  wore 
to  conceal  her  face.  LU,  viii.  145.  PR. 
iii.  170.  MNS. 

119.  '  She  left  her  sleeping  husband.' 
1 16.  FLO. 

'  She  took  but  one  attendant,  that  she 
might  not  be  suspected  of  being  a  ladv  of 
rank,  and  that  her  depraved  oondnct 
might  be  known  but  to  one  confidante.' 
SCH.  Hor.  II  S.  vu.  53.  Suet.  Ner.  26. 
Cal.  11.  0th.  12.  PR. 

120.  '«  Her  dark  hair  conceal*d  Be- 
neath a  yellow  tire :"  not  only  as  a  more 
effectual  disguise ;  but  because  courteians 
at  Rome,  if  nature  had  not  favoured  them 
with  auburn  tresses,  wore  felse  hair  of  a 
golden  hue  ;  since  that  was  the  favourite 
colour,  (cf.  Mart.  V.  Ixviii.)  Thia 
fashion  was  borrowed  firom  the  Gfaeka : 
and  the  conseqaeace  was  that  matroiii 


8AT.  VI.  OF  JUVENAL.  121 

Intravit  calidum  veteri  centone  lupanar 
Et  cellam  vacuam  atque  suam.    Tunc  nuda  papillis 
G>ii8titit  auratis,  titulum  mentita  Lyciscae, 
Ostenditque  tuum,  generose  Britannice,  ventrem. 

125  Excepit  blanda  intrantes  atque  aera  poposcit 
Et  resupina  jacens  multorum  absorbuit  ictus. 
Mox,  lenone  suas  jam  dimittente  puellas, 
Tristis  abit  et,  quod  potuit,  tamen  ultima  cellam 
Clausit,  adhue  ardens  rigidae  tentigine  vulvae, 

180  Et  lassata  viris  nee  dum  satiata  recessit    • 
Obscurisque  genis  turpb  fumoque  lucernae 
Foeda  lupanaris  tulit  ad  pulvinar  odorem. 

were  equally  aDiious  to  have  dark  hair:  probably  eogaged  '  Lycisca'  to  give  up 

twT  Vf  Jkr' tfrnmrSfHt,  myvtmTmmyk^  her  apartment,  as  being  one  that  vraa 

«^  ^mffn'  •ihtrki  t^x^  U^'^f  •'m*^**  ^^^  resorted  to.  G.  FA,  PR.  VS.  LU, 

MeiiaDd.  lir.  6.    VS,  SV,  FE,  gaierui  trucrtptie /imtiui  c«</ip;  Mart.  XI.  zlvi.  1. 

*  a  wif ;'  gaumpt.  Pen.  vr,  37.  ri.  46.  Sen.  Contr.  i.  2.  cf.  viii.  168.  R, 

Ftmmm  eanUitm  Gmnnanis  inJUit  kerbif,  LyeUea  is  mentioned  by  Martial,  IV. 

ttmteUar  ven^iutritur  arte  color,  Fomina  xvii.  1.  PR, 

proeedk  dnnmma  erinUmi  emtit,  jnroquo  124.  Matroiue  nottrtt  m  aduhtris  qui" 

un»  mUe$  efidt  4ero  iuoi ;  Ov.  A.  A.  iii«  dim  plus  tui  in  eulnculot  quam  in  pttUieo 

163 — 166.  cf.  T.  115.  zL  164.  17.  ostendunt;  Sen.  do  Ben.  vii.  9 Jin,  nib 

131.  '  Warm  from  Lycitca*8  having  e  I  ar  a  nuda  lueoma;  Hot.  US,  s'li,  AS,  R, 

bot  jurt  left  it;'  FA.  or  '  which  had  no-  Cf.  ii.  145.    '  The  womb  that  gave 

thing  bot  the  old  patch*work  quilt  to  birth  to  a  prince  of  the  blood.'  R.     Bri- 

kcepjt  warm.'  MnS,  tannieut  was  the  acknowledged  son  of 

'The  ftewi'  at  Rome  were  constructed  Claudius  by  Messalina.  Tac.  xiii.  Un- 
to the  form  of  t  gallery,  along  which  less  we  are  to  take  the  epithet  ironically 
w<ere  ranged,  oq  each  side,  a  number  of  on  account  of  his  mother  s  infamous  cha- 
eoBligwmi  cells,  or  little  chambers;  O.  racter.  PR.  LU. 
fike  the  arrangement  in  the  wards  at  125.  '  To  pass  the  better  for  what  she 
Greenwich  Hospital  or  at  Bedlam.  pretended  to  be,  LU.  she*  "  Allured  the 

192.  '  Left  vacant  for  her  own  use.'  passers  by  with  many  a  wile.  And  ask'd 

8Gm  cf.  Jurat  eapiUat  otu,  quoi  omit,  ber  price,  and  took  it  with  a  smile."  G. 

tuao  FabulU,  nutaquid,  PaulU,  p^oratl  126.  *  And  submitted  to  the  embraces 


Mart.  VI.  zii.  of  many  visitors.' 

Nuimi  et.  zi.  170.  R.  ii.  71.  or  nuda  127.  '  The  man  who  kept  the  stews ;' 

fOfUtio,  as  tutfiU  gonit;  131.  which  were  closed  at  midnight :  LU.  the 

128.  '  She  took  her  station.'   The  sim-  ninth  (Pen.  i.  133.)  hour  was  the  time, 

jkt  irtfb  is  nsed;  li.  170.  Claud.  £utr.  at  which  they  were  opened.  GR.  cf.  note 

1.  Oft.  bnt  OTMtert  b  more  common;  i.  on.  i.  127. 

47.  ii.  65.  IX.  24.  R.  128.  ••  Yet  what  she  could,  she  did."  G. 

«  Gilded  ;'   Juvwal  is  to  be  under-  129.  '  Still  burning  with  the  excite- 

slood  Ulerally.  The  pofilUo  were  covered  ment  of  violent  lust.' 

with  gold  foaf,  a  species  of  ornament  130.  "  With  strength  exhausted,  but 

which  is  wed  by  many  of  the  dancing-  nnsated  fires."  G. 

nrls  and  privileged  courtezans  of  the  131.*'Cheeksrank  with  poisonous  dews. 

East,  to  dits  day.  G.  The  steam  of  lamps."  G.    nigra  furnieit 

Over  iSkm  door  of  Mch  cell  was  written  oblitui  faviUa ;  Sen.  in  Pfiap.  R.    This 

*  the  BtiM'  and  tanns  of  the  tenant ;  who  line  may  be  another  instancy  of  f»  hk  )«mv. 

'■leed'  at  the  eatranee,  solidtinf  the  132.  RadoUi  adhue  Juliginm/omieiti 

ofcheviiilors.    Mesnlinahad  Sen.  Contr.  L  2  fin.  R. 

R 


122 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  VI. 


Hippomanes  carmenque  loquar  coctumque  yenenum 
Privignoque  datum  ?    Faciunt  graviora  coactas 
185  Imperio  sexus  minimumque  libidine  peccant. 

"  Optima  sed  quare  Cesennia  teste  marito  ?' 
Bis  quingenta  dedit;  tanti  vocat  ille  pudicam. 
Nee  Veneris  pharetris  macer  est  aut  lampade  fervet : 
Inde  faces  ardent;  veniunt  a  dote  sagitt». 


*  To  her  imperial  consort's  bed.'  LU, 

133.  'iwrtfuulg  signified  three  things, 
(1)  An  Arcadian  herb,  which  drives 
horses  mad  if  they  taste  it.  Theocr.  ii.  48 
80.  (2)  A  lump  of  flesh  on  the  forehead 
of  a  foal  just  bom.  See  note  on  616. 
Virg.  JE,  iv.  516  sq.  amoris  veneficium  ; 
Plin.  yiii.  42  s  66.  (3)  A  humour  which 
runs  from  mares.  Plin.  zxviii.  11  i  80. 
lentum  virui,  quod  $ape  maUe  legere 
noverca,  muetttr unique  herba$  et  non  in- 
noxia  verba;  Virg.  G.  iii.  280  sqq.  Ov. 
A.  A.  I.  viii.  8.  Tib.  II.  ir.  58.  Prop. 
IV.  V.  18.  JE\ii,u.  de  Anim.  xiv.  18. 
Piv*  R» 

'  The  magic  spell.'  Virg.  £.  viii.  64  to 
the  end.  LU* 

*  Mixed  with  food ;'  LU,  or  <  boiled 
down  to  increase  its  strength.'  M.  cf. 
Suet.  Ner.  33.  Liv.  viii.  18.  PR. 

134.  '  Sometimes  out  of  incestuous 
love,  (such  as  Phaedra  entertained  for 
Hippolytus,)  sometimes  out  of  hatred :' 
PR,  or  *  to  remove  him  out  of  the  way  of 
their  own  children.'  cf.  628.  M.  Virg.  G. 
ii.  128.  iii.  282  (quoted  above;)  Hor. 
Ill  Od.  xxir.  17  sq.  Ep.  v.  9.  Ov.  Mel. 
i.  147.  (quoted  in  the  note  on  i.  158.) 
Tac.  An.  xii.  2.    Ix^i'^  y'^  ^  *trf»0m 

nwwri^m'  Eur.  Ale.  320  sq.  R. 

135.  *  By  the  ruling  principles  and 
passions  of  their  sex  ;*  LU,  or  '  because 
the  nature  of  their  sex  renders  it  impera- 
tive upon  them  so  to  act.' 

*  The  least  of  their  sins  are  those  which 
arise  out  of  lust.'  A. 

136. '  How  i^  it  then  (if  all  you  say  is 
true)  that,  according  to  her  husband's 
account,  Cesennia  is  such  an  excellent 
woman  V  R,  Heiresses  when  they  married, 
retained  a  considerable  portion  of  their 
fortune,  together  with  many  slaves,  at 
their  own  disposal.  So  that  it  was  not 
mere  gratitude  in  the  husband  which  in- 
duced him  to  put  up  with  his  wife's  usur- 
pation of  autnority.    The  same  was  the 


case  among  the  Greeki.  "  Menelans, 
my  father,"  says  Hermione,  "  presented 
me  with  a  considerable  dowry,  to  the 
end  that  I  might  speak  with  freedom !" 
G.  cf.  30.  457  sqq.  Plaut.  As.  I.  i.  74. 
Mensch.  V.  ii.  15  sqq.  Aul.  111.  v.  60. 

r«i/  /3/«v  irtiffn^ia^  »mi  rj^t  r^vfn*,  y^MtJ^ 
hvXM  iSfit9  it9T    \Xtvt%^'    tmtr    t^U* 

Hui  fii^rnt  ytnmt»umg  ;(;«Xiir.  4  rmw  f^ 
kfi^Sn  t^ri  it^i§  si4Mff  fti>j.    •/  fU9  y% 

i2$M4Vfm  »«)  fl'#«nyjMiX«S/  In,   Sf  •!« 

»mf»ut9  kiy§vei9  lMdsv§rf  Alexis  in  Ath. 
xiii.  1.  rffiff,  ci^y  yvHu»«  rX«ffrMti>  Xjt/Swr, 
1x*i  )ir«'Mv«»,  tv  yvHuu*  Irt'  Anaxaodr. 
in  Stob.  On  the  other  hand,  among  the 
Scythians  and  Getse,  non  regit  virum 
datata  conjux',  Hor.  Ill  Od.  xxiv.  19. 
R.  The  high-spirited  barbarians  of  the 
north  could  not  brook  the  idea  of  being 
dependent  on  their  wives,  and  therefoie 
would  not  leceive  any  dowry  with  them : 
apud  Gothot  non  tnulier  vtro,  sed  vir  mu- 
lieri  dotem  Msignat,  ne  conjux,  ob  magm- 
tudinem  dati$  tnjotesceiu,  aliquaudo  ex 
plaeida  eomorte  proterva  evadat,  atque  in 
maritum  dominari  eotiteiufol.  G.  cf.  Arist. 
£th.  viii.  10. 

137.  See  note  on  i.  92.  PR.  i.  106. 
ii.  117.  M.  X.  335.  After  the  time  «f 
Augustus  this  constituted  a  senatorial 
fortune,  cf.  LI,  on  Tac.  An.  ii.  86.  1?. 

'  She  gave  him  (u  «.  brought  with  her) 
as  her  dowry.'  M, 

'  For  no  less  a  consideration.* 

138.  Of  Cupid— -oitmi  tela  areue, 
altera  tela  faces ;  Ov.  Her.  ii.  40.  SCH, 

'  Not  of  Venus,  but  of  Plutus.'  G. 
'  Emaciated.'  Virg.  £.  Ui.  100  sq.  PR. 
Hor.  I  Od.  xiil  8.  £p.  xiv.  16.  R, 

139.  Feru$  Cupido  temper  ardmUm 
aeuam  tagittat  eote  eruonta ;  Hon  II  Od. 
viii.  14  tqq.  Sil.  r.  19.  R. 


SAT.  ▼!.  OF  JUVENAL.  123 

140  Libertas  emitur :  coram  licet  innuat  atque 

Rescribat,  vidua  est,  locuples  quae  nupsit  avaro. 

**  Cur  desiderio  Bibulae  Sertorius  ardet?' 
Si  yerum  excutiaa,  facies  non  uxor  amatur. 
Tres  rugae  subeant  et  se  cutis  arida  laxet, 

145  Ilant  obscuri  dentes  oculique  minores : 
^  CoUige  sarcinulas''  dicet  libertus  *^  et  exi; 
Jam  gravis  es  nobis  et  ssepe  emungeris,  exi 
Odus  et  propera :  dcco  venit  altera  naso." 
luterea  ealet  et  regnat  poscitque  maritum 

150  Pastores  et  ovem  Canusinam  ulmosque  Falemas. 

Jmdt  it  tba  same  m  a  doU:    SCH.  "  Res  tutu  tibi  haheto  or  agito.**  BR, 

*  from  her  hafiog  a  thottsand    golden  Nullum    divortium    ratum    ut,    nisi 

charms.'  teptem  civibus  Romanisprasentibus,  pr€Bter 

140.  <  Liberty  to  act  at  they  please.'  liber  turn  ejus,  qui  divortium  faciet; 
Vxmrtm  meeqri,  dote  imperium  veudidi;  Paulus  cfe  Div.  IX.jf.  R. 

Plant.  Asio.  I.  L  LU,  sunt  mult^  in         Uxor^  vade  foras,  out  moribus  utere 

mmgnk  doHbtu  imoemsmoditates,  iumtusque  nosiris;  Mart.  XI.  civ.  1.  SCH.    It  was 

mulermhUee.  mmm  q%uB  indatata  est,  ea  in  not  till  the  sixth  or  teveDth  century  after 

pei§stmt§  e$t  win.    dtMUt  maetant  et  malo  the  foundation  of  Rome  that  divorces 

«C  dmwnt0  rtm  ;  Anl.  III.  v.  58  sqq.  PR,  became  common.  The  facility  with  which 

'  Id  the  husband's  presence  /  coram  the  parties  could  repudiate  each  other,  at 

•Ml  «a«  eemieio  marito ;  Hor.  Ill  Od.  vi.  last,  led  to  the  greatest  abuses.  /L  Seneca 

29  sq.  VS>  cf.  L  66  sqq.  PR.    Tib.  I.  ii.  complained  nuUamjam  repudin  enibescere, 

21.     Ot.  Am.  I.  tv.  17  sqq.   II.  iii.  23  pastquam  illustres  quoBdam  ac  nobiles  fe- 

sqq.  R.  mina  non  consulum  numero, sed  maritorum, 

'  She  may  tip  the  wink  to  her  gallant.*  annos  sues  computent,  et  exeant  matrt- 

G.  fnonii  causa,  nubant  repudii ;  de  Ben.  iii. 

141.  '  And  pea  an  answer  to  a  billet-  16.  LU. 

doox.' H.  cf.  234.  147.  Emun^mi,  another  of  the  infirmi- 

'  Sh%  is  as  good  as  a  widow :'  t.  e.  ties  of  age,  is  opposed  to  sicco  naso  in 

'  quite  as  much  her  own  mistress.'  LU.  the  next  line,    minime  tputator^  sereater 

CL  509.  R.  turn  itidem  minime  mucidus;  Plaut.  M. 

143.  With  the  Allowing  lines  com-  Gl.  III.  i.  52.  R. 
pare  Moore's  ballad  :    "  Beliere  me,  if        148.  Altera  '  a  younger  wife.'  LU, 
all  tbeae  endearing  young  charms,  &c."  149.  Interea  '  as  long  as  her  beauty 

143.  Qtuppefirma  aoitra  noi  amatores  lasts.*  LU, 

€elmmt:  hete  uH  immutatm  est,  mum  ani^  *  She  is  fiery  and  imperious.'  PR. 

anifli  miio  canferunt;  Ter.  Heaut.  II.  iii.  *  And  asks  whatever  she  fancies,  with - 

9  eqq.  LU,  ii.  138.  R.  out  fear  of  denial.'  M.    Plant.  Aul.  III. 

ixcuierw  is  properly  '  to  search  for  v.  24 — 61.  Prop.  III.  xiii.  (and  xL  31.) 

aomcthing    supposed    to    be    concealed  O?.  Am.  I.  x.  Tib.  II.  vr,  R, 

abont  the  person.'  ER,  R.  150.  Canusium  in  Apulia  was  famous 

144.  '  Two  or  three.'  Quam  eito  (me  for  its  breed  of  sheep.  LU,  lana  lauda' 
mtiterumf)  laxantur  corpora  rugis,  et  tissima  Appula:  oves  circa  Tarentum  Co' 
perit,  m  niiido  fui  fuU  ore,  color !  Ov,  nueiumque  eummam  wAilitatem  kabent ; 
A.  A.  in.  73  sq.  Plaut.  M.  Gl.  III.  i.  Plio.  viii.  48  t  73.  vellnibus  primie 
46  sq.  R.  Appulia,  Parma  secundis  nobilis ;  Altinum 

146. '  Hertceth.'cf.  Or.  A.  A.  iii.  197.  tertia  laudat  ovis;  Mart.  XIV.  civ.  PR. 

LU.  and  279  sq.  Hor.  II  Od.  viii.  3.  R.  Colum.  vii.  2.  R, 

146.  '  Pack   op  your  baggage,  and        '  The  elms  round    which   Falemian 

march.'    ThU  is  a  mttitary  phrase.  The  (iv.  138.  PR,   Sil.  vii.  162—211.  R.) 

proper  Ibnn of dedaring  a  divorce  was  Tinea  are  trained:*    Virg.  G.  i.  2.  M, 


124  THE  SATIRES  sat.  vi. 

Quantulum  in  hoc?  pueros  omnes,  ergastula  totSy 
Quodque  domi  non  est  et  habet  vicinus,  ematur. 
Mense  quidem  brumae,  quo  jam  mercator  laBon 
Clausus  et  armatis  obstat  casa  Candida  nautis, 
155  Grandia  tolluntur  crystallina,  maxima  rursus 
Murrhina,  deinde  adamas  notissimus  et  Berenices 

ttratui    humi    palmei    viduas    ietiderat  oo  Flor.  ir.  iu.  76)  ;  in  ^ileliciti/inRtiMntai 

ulmot :  yiii.  78.  R.  aliquibiu    de    eautii    prodputim    habent 

151.  *'  Trifles  these!"  G.  loeum  ery$t€UUna  et  murrkiMa,  rigidi  poi^ 
Puerot,  see  note  on  iii.  264.  utraque;  Plio.  xzxvU.  2  s  10,  11.  Prop. 
*  Gangs  of  slaves ;'  ergtutulum  literally  II.  zviii.  60.  IV.  iii.  52.  PR,  R.   Mart. 

'  a  work-house/  '  Bridewell :'  quindicim  III.  Ixzzii.  25. 

liberi  homines  popultu  est,  quindecim  servi        156.  Pliny  says  that  these  vases  were 

/amilia,  quindecim  vincti  ergattulum;  first  introduced  by  Pompey  after  his  vio> 

Apul.  LI,  cf.  ziv.  24.  R.  tory  over  Mithndates:    eadem  victoria 

152.  She  is  so  covetous  as  to  fancy  prtmum  in  urbem  murrhiiui  indusit ;  pri* 

fertilior  seges  est  alienis  semper  in  agris,  musque  Pompei^u  sex  poeula  ex  eo  triumphs 

vicinumque  peeus  grandiue  uber  habet;  Capitolino  Jtwi  dieavit,  quct  protemu  ad 

Ov.  A.  A.  i.  349  sq.  SC/f.  htminum    usum    transiere;    exereecitqu€ 

153.  (1)  The  feast  of  the  Sotumatta  indies  ^ut  rei  /tutu;  xzxvii.  2.  7  sq* 
in  December  was  succeeded  by  the  SigiU  Propertius,  who  had  undoabtediy  teto 
laria,  a  fancy  fair;  where  seals,  and  them,  says  murrheaquein  Parthis  paeulm 
other  little  articles,  which  the  Romans  coetafocis ;  IV.  v.  26.  III.  x,  22.  Thk 
used  to  send  each  other  as  presents  (Macr.  seems  a  very  good  description  of  what 
S.  i.  10  extr,  Gell.  ii.  3.  t.  4.  BO,  we  call  porcelain  :  J5.  but  Pliny, who 
pp.  217  sq.  236  sq.),  were  exposed  for  could  not  be  ignorant  of  it,  adds  Orieme 
sale  '  in  white  canvas  booths*  (eoitj  can-  murrhina  mittit:  inveniuutur  enha 
didis)  erected  both  in  other  parts  of  the  t6t  in  pluribtis  loeis,  nee  insignihue^ 
city  and  also  against  the  walls  in  the  maxime  Parthici  regni ;  preeeipue  tamen  in 
portico  of  Neptune  ^D.  Cass.  liii.  27.)  Carmania,  It  is  manifest  that  PHny 
so  as  '  to  hide'  the  pamtiogs  with  which  takes  them  for  g  e  m  s :  and  so  he  else* 
it  was  adorned,  and  the  subject  of  which  where  terms  them,  zxziii.  2.  in  which  he 
was  the  Argonautic  expedition.  The  is  followed  by  Martial,  XIV.  cxiii.XllL 
handsome  wife  would  not  miss  her  oppor-  cvii.  and  others.  The  districts  he  men- 
tunity  of  extorting  valuable  fiEiirings  from  tions  still  afford  a  gem  that  answers,  io 
her  complaisant  spouse.  VS,  LZ,  (2)  some  measure,  to  his  description  :  it  is  a 
Another  interpretation  is  <  When  the  species  of  agate.  G.  Fil.  Suet.  Aug.  71. 
winter  detains  on  shore  the  merchant  it.  The  variety  of  conflicting  aeoonnta 
(thus  Hyacinthus  and  Premetheus,  in  the  snd  opinions  can  hardly  be  reconciled 
note  on  110.)  and  his  crew,  who  are  without  supposing  two  sorts  of  these 
e<|uipi>ed  for  starting  as  soon  as  weather  vases ;  one  artificial  *  the  porcelain,'  the 
will  allow,  but  cannot  yet  commence  their  other  a  natural  production.  I  have  had 
voyage  (Vejget.  iv.  39.  Plin.  ii.  47  pr.  in  my  possession  a  mineral,  which  bears 
Hor.  I  Od.  IV.  1.) ;  since  the  cabin,  white  the  name  of  *  porcelain  jasper,'  {Chime' 
with  snow  or  hoar-frost,  shows  that  the  sischer  Spechstein;  Veltheim.)  but  I  do 
reign  of  winter  is  not  past.'  PR,  not  know  where  it  is  chiefly  found. 

154.  [Livy  xxx,  26,  1.  EX>.]  Adamas;  Plin.  xxxvu.  4.  PR, 

155.  *  Are  taken  from  the  merchant's;'  Thb  Beroniee  was  the  dauffhter  of 
GR,  or  '  are  wheedled  out  of  the  hus-  Herod  (Acts  xiL )  Agrippa  the  elder  (who 
band.'  LZ,  was  son  of  Aristobulus  and  another  Bo- 

The  word  vasa  is  understood:   their  ronice,andgrandsonof  Herod  the  ^reat); 

being  grandia   and    maxima   would  of  he  had  two  other  daughters,  Manamne» 

course  enhance  their  price.    Non  alibi  and  Drusilla  (the  wife  of  Felix,  Acta 

erystaUue   reperitur,  quam  ubi   maxime  xxiv.  24.)  and  one  son,  the  Agrippa  here 

hibemct  nivet  rigent  et  glaeies,  unde  ei  mentioned.  Acts  xxv.  13.  23.  xxvi.  Tho 

momen  Oreeci  dedere  (*^«rT«xx«f ,  GRX,  prinoeis  was   more  celebraied  for  her 


SAT.  VI.  OF  JUVENAL.  125 

In  digito  factuB  pretiosior :  hunc  dedit  olim 
Barbarus  incestae,  dedit  hunc  Agrippa  sorori, 
Obsenrant  ubi  festa  mero  pede  sabbata  reges 

160  £t  vetus  indulget  senibus  dementia  porcis. 

*'  NuUane  de  tantb  gregibus  tibi  digna  videtur?' 
Sit  formosa,  decens^  dives,  fecunda,  vetustos 
Porticibus  disponat  avo%  intactior  omni 
Crinibus  efiiisis  bellum  dirimente  Sabina : 

166  (Rara  avis  in  terris  nigroque  simillima  cycno) 
Quis  feret  uxorem,  cui  constant  omnia?  Malo, 
Male  Venusinam,  quam  te,  Cornelia  mater 

b«uity  ihmm  tot  lier  nrtne.    Titos  fell  in  Gracet.    Hor.  I  Od.  ir.  9.  zriii.  6.  JN. 

love  with  ber,  aad  promised  her  mar-  Uxor  tU>i  tit  putUa,  quaUm  votU  vix  petat 

riagc;    bat,  being  apprehensiTe  of  an  improbit  maritut,  divett  noinlit,  erudUa, 

inpnmetioB,  dimuU  ntnitus  mvitum.  The  eatta  ;  Mart.  XII.  xcviii.  1 — 3. 
inddeatswkich  made  this  ring  so  Talnable        163.  It  was  their  custom  to  adorn  the 

mark  the  capricioos  and  proBisate  ex-  porticoes  and  galleries  of  their  mansions 

tfrnvagnncewbidichnractennd  the  ladies  with  the  statues  of  their  ancestors.  LU, 

of  Jofenftl's  time.  G.  A.  PR,  riii.  1.  PA.    It  may  also  allude  to  the 

158.  Bmrhanu  {m,  66.)  Agrippa  dtdit  pictures  of  triumphant  generals  in  the 

(it.  9.)  wroru  cf.  Joseph.  A.  J.  public  porticoes.  vS, 


X .  p.  673.  PA.  A.  *  More  chaste/ 1.  e.  *  nerer  approached 

150.  Bcronica  presented  herself  at  Jem-  by  any  but  a  husbsod :'  uxor  qua  mUU 

salcB^barefootand  with  her  head  shorn,  prooo$  intaeta  fugaret ;  Stat.  S.  III.  t. 

lo  peifoias  ber  rows  on  the  restoration  of  1  sqq.  HK,   intaeta  Sabina  i  Prop.  II. 

her  health.    Joa.  B.  J.  iL  16.    Hegesip.  vi.31.    cf.  Hor.  I  Od.  vii.  5.  Ill  Od. 

B.  J.  U.  FA.   See  Ezod.  iii.  5  sqq.  PA.  zi.  10.  I  S.  ii.  54.     Virg.  M.  u  345. 

This  cnston  is  now  piactised  in  the  Jew-  Calp.  ii.  1.    Eur.  Hip.  1044.  K. 

■h  sTnagogues  on  particular  days.  Af.  164.   Sabinae  muUtre*,  quarum  ex 

ct  535.     Satti.  Aug.  100.  CAS.  injuria  btllum  artum  erat,  crinibui 

ClTae.  H.  v.tinl.  Jnst. zxzn.  Pers.  pastit,  ....  dirimert  infettat  aeitt, 

V.  184.  PA.    JuTenal,  in  his  ignorance  S^e.  LW.  u  13.  LU.   Ov.  F.  lii.  201  sqq. 

of   the  Jewish  ritual,  has  confounded  PR. 

•  sabbaths'  with  fasts.  Call.  H.  in  Cer.  <  The  war'    between  Romulus   and 

125.  SP.  ztv.  96.  iEl.  V.  H.  zii.  35.  A.  Tatius.  VS. 

160L  *  Long  aMabltshed.'  Levi!,  si.  7.  The  Sabioes  were  a  people  of  nn- 

LU.  corrupted  morals,  iii.  169.  PA.  z.  299. 

NoC  that  mora  indulgence  was  shown  zi?.  180.    Mart.  I.  Iziii.  1.    IX.  zli.  5. 

to'old  swina*  than  to  young  ones;  but  Li?,  i.  18.    Ov.  M.  ziv.  797.    Am.  1. 

becnose  all  bogs,  being  spared,  lifed  to  viii.  39  sq.  II.  iv.  15.  III.  viii.  61 .  Hor. 

be  old.  Hence  Augustus  said :  *'  Mtliut  £p.  ii.  39  sqq.  II  £p.  i.  25.  A. 

art  Hendit  pgreum  ut§  quam  fiUum."  165.  Pers.  i.  46.  PA.  cf.  vii.  202.  A. 

cf.  sir.  98.  A.  "  A  faultless  monster,  which  the  world 

161. '  Heids'  of  women.  He  had  jnst  ne'er  saw;"  Sheffield,  Essay  on  Poetry, 

been  talking  of  herds  of  swine.  SCH,  233. 

cL  176.  A.  166.  '  Who  will  tolerate  V    30.    Si 

162.  AU  these  ezcellencies  will  but  qua  voUt  apte  nubere,  nube  pari ;    Ot. 

geBafate  pride :  beauty,  for  instance,  see  Her.  iz.  32.  rJi»  tmrk  #»vr«f  tkm-  Suid. 

Or.  F.  i.  429.  riches,  e.  457  sqa.  fruit-  Plut.  t.  ii.  p.  13.  r.  Callim.  Ep.  zzzvii. 

IblBtas,  172  sqq.  nobility  and  chastity,  in  Br.  An.  t  i.  p.  470.  A. 

167  sqq.   *  BceutHvl,  graceful :'  puietr  Contiart  <  to  be  at  one  and  the  lame 

St  daomMi  Soet.  Dom.  18.  A.  The  latter  time.'  cf.  Virg.  M.  ui.  518.  SV. 

is  a  fieqeeBl  epithet  of  Veoos  and  the  167.*  AVenusian  rustic' cf.  i.  51.  PA. 


126  THE  SATIRES  sat.  vi. 

Gracchorum,  si  cum  magnis  virtutibus  a£Ren 
Grande  supercilium  et  numeras  in  dote  triumphos. 

170  Tolle  tuum,  precor,  Hannibalem  victumque  Sypbacexn 
In  castris  et  cum  tota  Carthagine  mignu 

"  Parce,  precor.  Paean,  et  tu,  Dea,  pone  sagittas ; 
Nil  pueri  faciunt,  ipsam  configite  matrem !" 
Amphion  clamat :  sed  Paean  contrahit  arcum. 

175  Extulit  ergo  greges  natorum  ipsumque  parentem, 
Dum  sibi  nobilior  Latonae  gente  videtur 
Atque  eadem  scrofa  Niobe-fecundior  alba. 

This  CifmeUa  was  the  daughter  of  P.  and  wife  of  Amphion,  the  king  of  Tbebei 

Cora.  Scipio  Africanus,  and  the  wife  of  so  celebrated  for  hit  minstrelsy,  (Plin. 

Ti.  Seropronius  Gracchus,  by  whom  she  vii.  56.  Hor.  A.  P.  394.  PR,  prood  of 

had  twelve  children.    Plutarch  Hn  his  her  numerous  progeny,  insulted  Latona ; 

life  of  the  Gracchi,  cf.  ii.24.)  says  sne  was  who  was  signally  avenged  by  her  divine 

fond  of  boasting  of  her  father  s  victories  offspring,  for  Apollo  slew  all  the   sons 

over  Hannibal  and  Syphax.   So  great  was  and  Diana  all  the    daughters   of   the 

her  haughtiness,  that  when  King  Ptolemy  Phrygian  princess.    Ov.  M.  vu  146  sqn. 

made  her  an  offer,  after  the  death  of  her  LU,  Cic.  T.  Q.  iii.  63.    Hor.  IV  Od.  vi. 

husband,  she  was  seriously  offended  and  I  sqq.  PR.  Hom.  11.  A  602  sqq.  SchoL 

rejected  the  alliance  with   the  utmost  Eur.  Ph.  160  sqq.  J?.  Apollod.  III.  v. 

scorn.     A  brazen  statue  was  erected  to  6.  HY, 

her  memory  in  the  public    portico  of        Paan  from  truiufi  or  rsvii*  rk§  Aumg, 

Metellus  with    the  above   inscription  t  Macr.  S.  i.  17.  PR, 
Plin.  zzziv.  6.     Gracehorum  eloquentia         173. '  No  wrong.*  GRJE.  crimtiM^* 

multutn  contuliste  aeeepitnus    Comeliam  parvi  eadem  potuere  mererif  Luc.  ii. 

matrem,  cujus  doctiuimus  sermo  in  patteros  108.  VS, 

quoque  eft  eputotit  traditut  i  Quint,  i.  1.        '  The  mother,  whose  haughtiness  I 

PR,  V.  Max.  IV.  iv.  1.  vi.  1.  Sen.  Cons,  know,  from  sad  experience,  to  be  most 

od  Marc.  16.    Cic.  Brut.  27.    She  was  insufTerable  ;  and  in  mitigation  of  whosa 

not  the  only  disdainful  dame  of  the  Cor-  punishment  I  have  nothing  to  allege.'  cl. 

nelian  house.  Prop.  IV.  xi.  R,  169.  181  sqq.  DI. 

169.  SupercHivm ;  ii.  15.  v.  62.  R.  174.  "  Apollo  bends  his  bow."  G. 
'  If  the  triumphs  of  your  house  are  to        175. '  She  had  to  bury.'  i.  72.  PR. 

reckon  as  a  dowry.'  cf.  libertai  emitur,        *  The  herd.'  161.    The  exact  number 
140.  LU.  u  very  doubtful :  GelL  xx.  7.  PR.  JE\.V. 

170.  Scipio,  with  the  aid  of  Masinissa,     H.  xii.  36.  LU. 

routed  Asarubal  and  Syphax,  (who  was  Ampfdon  destroyed  himself.    Ov.  271. 

afterwards  led  by  the  Koman  general  in  SCH. 

triumph,)  and  burnt  both  their  camps  in  176.   "  Mihi    Tantalus  auctar  i  • . .  • 

one  night.   Flor.  ii.  6.  PR.  Liv.  xzx.  5.  PWiadumwrarettgenetrixmiid ;  mortimis 

11.  13.  17.  Sil.  xvii.  88  sqq.  R.  AtLu  est  amu  ; .  .  • .  Jupiter  alter  awttt : 

171.  Carthage  was  destroyed  by  Scipio  ....  neseio  quoque  audete  satam  Titanida 
iEmilianus,  (Liv.  Ii.  PR.)  who  married  Ceso  Latmam  praferre  mihi ;"  Ov.  172 
Cornelia's  daughter  Sempronia.  R.  &c.  PR. 

Cf.  146. R.*' Prithee  tramp !"Boileaa  177.  This  '  famous  white  sow' (xii. 

has  imitated  this  passage  very  happily:  73  sq.  R.)  was  found  by  iEneas  near 

"  Ainsi  done  au  plAtdt  dilogeant  de  ees  Lavinium,  on  the  spot  where  Alba  was 

lieuXf  AlUt,  princesse,  allez  avee  tous  vos  afterwards  built.  VS.     Ridiculous  as  the 

a'ieuXf  Sur  le  pompeux  debris  des  lances  incident  is,  it  mskes  a  conspicuous  6giir« 

Espagnoles,  Coueher,  si  vous  voulez,  aux  in  the  ^neid,  (iii.  390  sqq.  LU.  and  viii. 

champs  de  Cerisoles  i*   Sat.  x.  479.  G.  43  sqq.  M.)  where  it  is  given  with  woa- 

172.  Niobe,  the  daughter  of  Tantalus,  derful  gravity.     (Cf.  Dionys.  i.  PR.) 


•AT.  Yi.  OF  JUVENAL.  127 

Quae  tanti  grayitas,  quae  forma,  ut  se  tibi  semper 
Imputet?  Hujus  enim  rari  summique  voluptas 

180  Nulla  boni,  quoties  animo  comipta  superbo 

Plus  aloes,  quam  mellis  habet.    Quis  deditus  autem 
Usque  adeo  est,  ut  non  illam,  quam  laudibus  efiert, 
Horreat  inque  die  septenis  oderit  horis  ? 

Quaedam  panra  quidem ;  sed  non  toleranda  mantis. 

185  Nam  quid  rancidius,  quam  quod  se  non  putat  ulla 
Formosam,  nisi  quae  de  Tusca  Graecula  facta  est? 
De  Sulmonensi  mera  Cecropis?  Omnia  Graece, 
tQuum  sit  turpe  magis  nostris  nescire  Latine.f 
Hoc  sermone  pavent,  hoc  iram,  gaudia,  curas, 

190  Hoc  cuncta  effiindunt  animi  secreta.   Quid  ultra? 
Concumbunt  Graece.     Dones  tamen  ista  puellis : 
Tune  etiam,  quam  sextus  et  octogesimus  annus 
Pulsat,  adhuc  Graece  ?    Non  est  hie  sermo  pudicus 
In  yetula.     Quoties  lascivum  intervenit  illud 

Javeoal  ditregmrded  the  aoachronism  and  '  A  Greek  demoiselle:*  contemptuoutly. 

introducea '  the  sow'  merely  to  vex  Domi-  PR.  iii.  58.  R. 

tiaa,  who,  being  much  attached  to  Alba  187.  The  inhabitants  of  Sulmo,atown 

and  interested  in  its  glory,  might  be  mor-  of  Pelignum,  (the  birthplace  of  Ovid, 

dfied  at  having  this  idle  story  so  often  put  LU.)  spoke  a  provincial  Latin  dialect : 

lorvard  in  a  ndicalous  light.  OW.  G,  the  Cecropians,  (ii.  92.)  or  people  of 

178.  GratUoi  '  propriety  of  conduct:'  Athens,  made  use  of  the  purest  and  most 
ri  U  dtUdmt  gnviuu,  Lucretia  Mo  iit  elegant  Greek.  A. 

laccf  aisgitf  du;  Mart.  XII.  civ.  21  sq.  188. '  Our  countrywomen  would  blush 

179.  Iwiputtt;  T.  14.  J?.  '  To  make  to  betray  ignorance  of  Greek:  they  ought 
€n%  that  yon  are  ereatly  indebted  to  her,  rather  to  feel  ashamed  that  they  know  so 
ior  her  condescending  so  far  as  to  become  little  of  their  native  language.'  ipsum 
jvnr  vrifs.'  Jf.  Latme  lo<pii  est  Ulud  quidein  in  magna 

180l  With  ttaii^  understand  e$i,  PR,  laude  pontndum  ;  ud  turn  tarn  tua  spantt, 

Cemtpia, '  entirely  spoilt.'  quam  quod  est  a  plerisque  negUctum,  non 

181.  '  More  of  bitterness  than  sweet-  enim  tarn  prtBclarum  est  scire  La  tine, 

ntm,' VS, VMu^xxvii. 4. PR, Amor etmelle  quam  turpe  neseire:    neque  tarn  id 

ei  XeiU  mt  feeundisshmts  i  Plant.  CisL  I.  niiAi  oratoris  boni,  quam  eivis   Romani 

L7I.  R.  Gland.  Nnpt.  H.ecM.  69  sq.iC.  proprium  videtur  ;  Cic.  Brut.  37.  FA. 

'  So  devotedly  nxorious.'  LU,  206.  R,  The  verse  is  probably  spurious,  and  is 

183.  '  Saven  hours  a  day,'  i.  e,  *  more  omitted  in  some  mss.  B, 

than  balf  his  time.*  LU,  Pers.  iii.  4.  PA.         189.  '  They  express  their  fears.'  FA, 

184.  Understand  vitiasunt.  R.  190.  '  Nay  more.'  K. 

185.  '  More  nauseous.'  G.  Pers.  i.  33.  191.  '  You  may  excuse  such  fooleries 
LU,  zi.  135.  Plin.  zxii.  22  extr.  R,  in  girU.'  LU, 

186.  The  Roman  ladies  were  guilty  of  192.  Seneetus  pulsat ;  Sidon.  Ap.  Ep. 
eopioaaly  interlarding   their  vernacular  v.  9.  Carm.  ii.  Stat.  Th.  iv.  477.  R, 

with  Greek  words  :  a  niece  of    '  What?  thou  too  whom  more  than  four- 


•imilar  to  that  with  which  the  score  vrinten  have   buffeted  and  bat- 

Britiah  Cur  have  been  charged,  of  intro-  tered !'    Compare  also  densis  ietibus  pul- 

dmoag  French  phiasei  upon  all  occa-  eat ;  Virg.  JE,  v.  459  sq.  Hor.  I  Od.  iv. 

M.  13. 


128  THE  SATIRES  sat.  vi. 

195  ZaU  KAJ  «TXH  ?   Modo  sub  lodice  relictis 
Uteris  in  turba.     Quod  enim  non  excitet  inguen 
Vox  blanda  et  nequam  ?  digitos  habet.   Ut  tamen  omnes 
Subsidant  pennae,  dicas  haec  mollius  Haemo 
Quamquam  et  Carpophore ;  fades  tua  computat  annos. 

200       Si  tibi  legitimis  pactam  junctamque  tabellis 
Non  es  amaturus,  ducendi  nulla  videtur 
Causa;  nee  est,  quare  coenam  et  mustacea  perdas, 
Labente  officio,  crudis  donanda;  nee  illud, 
Quod  prima  pro  nocte  datur,  quum  lance  beata 

205  Dacicus  et  scripto  radiat  Germanicus  auro. 

195.  Cum  tibi  non  Ephaot,  me  tit  sUiginem  modium  utmm  mutte  contper- 
Rhodot,  aut  Mitylene,  ted  domut  in  vieo,  gito ;  anitum,  euminum,  adipit  p  ii.  eatei 
Lalia,  patrieio,  ZftH  KAI  YTXH  lasei-  lihram,  et  de  virga  Umri  deradito,  eodem 
vum  eongeris  usque,  proh  pudor !  HertUitB  addito ;  et  ubi  definxerit,  laurifeUa  niblue 
civit  et  Egerict ;  Mart.  X.  Ixviii.  PR.  addito,  quum  coquet;    Cato  R.  R.  121. 

*  Under  the  counterpane.'  Mart  XIV.    Cic.  Att.  v.  20.  PR.  Plio.  xv.  30.  R. 
cxhiii.  PH.  cf.  yii.  66.  203.  «  Which  you  will  have  to  distri- 

With  relietit  understand  verbit,  LU.       bute  among  your  friends,  (who  hate  done 

196.  *  In  company.*  FS.Ov.  Am.  III.  you  the  honour  of  waiting  upon  yoa  at 
xiT.  7  sqq.  R.  vour  wedding-feast,)  before  they  have 

*  What  passion  would  not  the  endear-  half  digested  what  they  have  already 
ing  and  wanton  expression  excite.*  Pers.  cramm^.'  VS.  PR,  cf.  Mart.  XIV* 
i.   20  sq.  LU.  Mart.  XII.  xcviii.  8.     PTR.  iv.  20  extr.  R. 

Nee  blanda  voeet  cettent  nee    improba  204.  A  considerable  sum  of  money 

verba ;  Ov.  A.  A.  iii.  795  sq.  R,  was  put  into  a  plate,  and  presented  by 

197.  Nequam;  cf.  Gell.  viL  11.  from  the  bridegroom  to  the  bride  on  the  wed- 
Cic.  Phil.  Tii.  PR.  ding-night  as  a  sort  of  purchaie  of  her 

i>igirotfca60t*iti8asbadasthetouch.'  person.   VS.    This  custom  was  not  pe- 

M.  culiar  to  Rome ;  it  obtained  among  the 

Et  would  make  the  construction  easier :  G  reeks  ( S(4^ff  ^S^ef)  likewise,  as  among 

the  sense  is  plain :  *  Yet  Cupid's  wings  the    Jews,  and  is  found  among  many 

would  droop,  however  soft  your  tones  and  eastern  nations.  ( Parkh.  Heb.  Lex.  "VIO, 

'^®«*l«'yT!^"°""^".y**Vr^*^-l^^"  No.  3.)    It  also  prevailed  under  the 
X.  249.     Tu  beet  et  man^t  blandit  et  ^^^^  ^f  morgengati,  or  «  morning  pre- 
voeibut  iiutfi; cwjtro te/aeiet  tmperwta  g^„^;  j,^„  ^ *    |^       ^  ^f  ^y^^  ^l^  ^f 
iuaett;  Mart  VI.  xxm.  3  sq.  B.  y^          (morAnatica;  Legg.  Longobard.) 
H<mnut  mnd  Carpaj^onu  were  actors  ^^^^^  ^^^  g^j^^  traces^it  are  sdll  to  be 
who  excelled  in  female  characters  from  fo„„j  ^  ^^  something  of  the  kind  was 
^^^^^^^^^^"^'^^'^'1'^:^'  customary  in  many  parts  of  England, 
200.  Juvenal  now  reduces  Ursidius  ,^  perhaps  is  so  stilUnder  thTname 
to  a  d  1  e m ma  ;     you  must  either  love  ^^ .  dow-pirse.'  BR.  PL.  M.  G. 
your  future  wife  or  not ;  if  you  do,  you  BeattB  f  i.  39.  R. 
wdl  be  led  a  life  of  slavery  and  misery  ;  jOS.    Jureoal    enjoyed  this  allusion 
if  you  do  not,  marr»ge  wifi  not  augment  (^  „^,^  ^„  177^  to  Domilian's  boasted 
your  happiness,  and  you  "«  incurring  a  \^^^^-^  -^  ^^e  Dacian  war.  which  was 
*"4!*.!',P*°^  ,,j?  «    ^*      .            oc  one  of  the  most  dishonourable  dream- 
s' %'  'I*  l^^'J^  •*•  °Jr*  ""V'^n  •«"<»>  «>f  »>»  '«i«°-     He  aspired  to  the 
52i-  ?S'.^"'*l*^  ^"^^l^l  *  ""Kf^'  conduct  of  it  in  person ;  an<f,  as  might 
•  u^li  ^"^■?^*»'  T^^.  r^  ^T  »>*ve  been  anticipkted,  htecowkrdice  Upt 
mbuted^g^egji«U^^^^     break,  ^j^  ,,^f  from*3angT,  and  his  volnf: 
ing  up.  VS.    Muttaeeci  nefieUo:  forma  tuousness  ruined  the  discipline  of  the 


«AT.  Ti.  OF  JUVENAL.  129 

Si  tibi  simplicitas  uxoria)  deditus  uni 

Est  animus;  submitte  caput  cervice  parata 

Ferre  jugum :  nullam  invenies,  quae  parcat  amanti. 

Ardeat  ipsa  licet,  tormentis  gaudet  amantis  /       ^      / 

210  Etspoliis.     Igitur  longe  minus  utilis  illi         />    '^M-^    cia^Hunc^i. 

Uxor,  quisquis  erit  bonus  optandusque  maritus. 

Nil  umquam  invita  donabis  conjuge :  vendes 

Hac  obstante  nihil :  nihil,  hsec  si  nolet,  emetur. 

Hsec  dabit  affectus :  ille  excludetur  amicus 
215  Jam  senior,  cujus  barbam  tua  janua  vidit 

Testandi  quum  sit  lenonibus  atque  lanistis 

Libertas  et  juris  idem  contingat  arenae ; 

Non  unus  tibi  rivalis  dictabitur  heres. 

*•  Pone  crucem  servo."     "  Meruit  quo  crimine  servus 

camp :    Ui«i  every  thing  went  on   ill  Hor.   I   Od.  xzxiii.   12.  xxxt.  28.  II 

wider  bit  autpioes.     Happily  for  the  Od.  t.  I.  A. 

army,  he  left  it  at  last,  having  previously  209.  *  However  much  a  woman  may 

despatched  hislanrelledlettersto  love  a  man.  still  she  delights  to  torment 

Rome ;  where  the  obsequious  senate  de-  him  and  to  fleece  him/  VS, 

creed  that  medals  should  be  struck,  210.  Arnica  tpoliatrix  \  Mart.  IV. zxix. 

and  statues  raised  to  commemorate  his  5.  SCH,  cf.  149  sqq.  R, 

seccets;  and  that  be  should  come  among  '  Less  useful'  (by  the  figure  ;t*C'*'* 

them  at  all  times  in  triumphal  robes.  ^t^/Ut)  for  '  more  pernicious :'  see  note 

G.  LU.     Suet.  Dom.  2.  6.  13.    Tac.  on  Ixt^*^'  Her.  iii.  81. 

Agr.  39  sqq.    Mart  II.  ii.  VIII.  zxvi.  211.  *  The  better  and  kinder  her  hus- 

Izv.    Stat.  S.  I.  !•  ii.  180  sq.  IV.  i.  2.  band,  the  more  does  she  impose  on  him 

ii.  66  sq.  A.  and  abuse  his  good-nature :'  PR.  so  that 

Understand    nvanui,  which    took    its  good  honest  men  get  the  worst  off.  M. 

■ame  from  the  person  represented  thereon*  212.  Cf.  Plant.  Men.  I.  ii.  5  sqq.  R. 

as  Fhilifput,  and  Dariui',    Auson.  £p.  214.  *  She  will  prescribe  to  you,  whom 

▼.  and  xvi.  Jmcebut,  Louit  d'or,  NapoUon,  you  are  to  like  and  whom  you  are  to 

&C.  R.     Having;  never  met  with  any  dislike.'  M. 

■wdal  of  D  om  1 1  i a  n  with  these  titles,  '  Will  be  shut  out'  of  your  house.  LU, 

which  are  common  on  T r ai a n*8  coins,  Ov.  A.  A.  iii.  587  sq. 

I  rather  think  the  latter  are  nere  meant,  215.  *  Whose  beard :'  see  note  on  105. 

and,  consequently,  that  the  satire  was  R. 

not  written  till  Trajan's  reign.   ACH.  216.  '  While  pimps,  fencing-masters, 

See  CJR,  L.ix.  p.  215.    Martial  dedi-  (iii.  158.  PR.)  and  even  priie-fighters' 

catet  his  eighth  book.  Imp.  Cat,  Aug.  "  Have  power  to  will  their  fortunes  as 

Ctnmttmieo  Daeieo.  G,  they  please,  She  dictates  thine,  and  im- 

'  On  the  legend  of  the  gold.'  ACH.  prudently  dares  To  name  thy  very  rivals 

8eripiu$  mUma  Jupiter  auro ;  Mart.  XI.  for  thy  heirs."  G. 

▼.  3.  cf.  xiv.  291.  R.  217.  '  The  arena,'  (ii.  144.  PR.)  for 

306.  '  If  yon  are  so  very  simple  as  to  *  the  combatants  in  the  amphitheatre.' 
drroCe  yonr  whole  soul  to  your  wife,  and  LU. 

to  her  ak>oe.' fiXfywi/a*  Cic.  T.  Q.  iv.  818.    See   115.     Literally  •  persons 

11.  BRJ,  living  on  the  opposite  banks  of  the  same 

Vx^rwMi  (cf.  181.)  Viig.  M.  iv.  266.  river.'  SCH. 

Hcvr.  I  Od.  ii.  20.  R.  219.  A  pithj  dialogue  now  follows, 

307.  See  note  on  43.  M.    Love  is  showing  the  high  hand  with  which  she 
oAffs  oomptred  to  a  *  yoke :'   xiii.  22.  carries  her  arbitrary  measures. 

S 


ISO 


THE  SATIRES 


eAT.  VI 


220  Supplicium?   Quia  testis  adest?   Quis  detulit?   Audi; 
Nulla  umquam  de  morte  hominis  cunctatio  louga  est'' 
'<  O  demens,  ita  servus  homo  est  ?   Nil  fecerit,  esto : 
Hoc  V0I05  sic  jubeo,  sit  pro  ratione  voluntas." 
Imperat  ergo  viro ;  sed  mox  haec  regna  reUnquit 

225  Permutatque  domos  et  flamea  content :  inde 
Advolat  et  spreti  repetit  vestigia  lecti. 
Omatas  paulo  ante  fores,  pendentia  linquit 
Vela  domus  et  adhuc  virides  in  limine  ramos. 
Sic  crescit  numerus ;  sic  fiunt  octo  mariti 

230  Quinque  per  auctumnos :  titulo  res  digna  sepulcri. 


Crucifixion,  as  is  well  known,  was  the 
peculiar  punishment  of  slaves,  LL  and 
the  lowest  malefactors,  cf.  Cic.  Verr.  v. 
6.  R,  (ziii.  105.  Sen.  Cons,  ad  Marc. 
20.  de  V.  B.  19.)  It  was  abolished  by 
Constantine  on  his  conversion.  PR, 

The  husband  mildly  ventures  to  sug- 
gest, that  it  might  be  humane,  at  least,  to 
have  legal  evidence  of  the  culprit's 
guilt  BR.  «  What  is  the  charged  What 
is  the  evidence?  Who  laid  the  infor- 
mation V  LU,  cf.  552.  z.  69  sq.  The 
following  piece  of  advice  is  among  D. 
Cato*s  wise  sayings :  nil  temere  uxori  de 
urvis  crede  querenti ;  Dist  iv.  45.  R. 

220.  '  Hear  all  there  is  to  be  said,'  or 
'  what  he  has  to  say  for  himself.'  R,  audi 
alteram  partem, 

221.  Among  the  Romans  the  exe- 
cution of  offenders  was  delayed,  by  de- 
crees of  the  senate,  for  ten  days.  PR, 
Potest  enim  pctna  dilata  exigi,  non 
potett  exacta  revocari ;  Senec.  LU»  de 
vita  et  spiritii  hominii  laturum  sen- 
tentiam  diu  multumque  eunetari  oportere, 
nee  praciptti  studio,  ubi  irrevocabile  sit 
factum,  agitari ;  Amm.  Marcell.  But 
this  humane  sentiment  was  anticipated  by 
the  Grecian  legislator  :  y«^«f  &XX»t  irt() 
fm9mr§o,  /un  /umcv  fuf§f  fifti^m*  K^ivuf  AXXk 
^'•kXds'  Plat.  Ap.  Socr.  G. 

222.  '  Thou  driveller  !  So,  a  si  a  v  e 
is  a  m  a  n  !'  Af.  Servi  sunt,  imo  homines ; 
servi  sunt,  imo  eonservi ;  et  ex  iiidem 
tecum  elementis  constant  alunturque,  atque 
spiritum  eumdem  ah  eodem  principio  car- 
punt,  ^c.  Macr.  S.  i.  II.  Sen.  £p.  47. 
PR,  cf.  xiv.  16  sq.     Flor.  iii.  20.  R, 

224.  '  Even  this  absolute  tyranny  will 
not  long  content  her  wanton  caprices : 
but  she  abdicates  her  despotic  sway, 
where  her  word  was  a  law,  and  sallies 


forth  in  search  of  new  conquests.'  iU 
cf.  Prop.  II.  xvi.  28.  IV.  vii.  60.  Cic 
ad  Div.  IX.  zviii.  n.  6.  R,  See  als 
Pope  Mor.  Ess.  ep.  ii.  217  sqq. 

225.  '  And  by  her  frequent  wedding 
wears  out  her  bridal  veil.'  VS,  u,  124 
PR, 

226.  '  Returns  to  her  first  husband. 
LU, 

227.  '  Before  the  expiration  of  the  laf 
honey  moon.'  See  79.  PR.  and  52.  M. 

228.  In  the  interior  of  their  house 
they  had  few  doors ;  the  entrances  to  th 
apartments  were  closed  by  hangings  0 
tapestry  ;  ix.  105.   Poll.  x.  32.  R, 

229.  See  146.  *  Eight  husbands  in  fiv* 
years.*  Julia  lex  ex  quo  renata  eu,  cert 
non  plus  tricesima  lux  est,  et  nubit  decim 

Jam  Theletina  viro.  qucB  nubit  toties 
non  nubit]  adultera  lege  est;  Mart. VI.  vi 
inscripsit  tumulo  septem  celebrata  rirorut 
SI  FccissB  CMoe :  quid  pote  simplieins 
Id,  IX.  xvi.  PR.  In  the  former  epigrac 
there  would  be  little  point  unless  lege  i 
taken  to  mean  *  not  indeed  accordinj;  t 
the  letter  of  the  law,  but  unquestionabi 
according  to  the  spirit  of  it.'  As  the  der 
vise  told  the  king  of  Tartary  that  h< 
ought  not  to  consider  the  mansion  whicl 
had  experienced  such  a  succession  0 
occupants  in  the  light  of  a  palace,  as  i 
was  to  all  intents  and  purposes  no  bette 
than  a  caravansary.  Hor.  11  S.  ii 
129  sqq. 

230.  As  to  the  latter  epigram  it  ma; 
be  observed  that,  althougn  it  was  cus 
tomary  for  ladies  to  have  their  husbands 
names  recorded  on  their  monuments,  ye 
virtuous  matrons  prided  themselves  oi 
having  been  the  wife  of  but  one  man 
and  would  naturally  wish  to  have  thi 
honorable  distinction  specified  on  thei 


«AT.  ?i.  OF  JUVENAL.  131 

Desperanda  tibi  salva  concordia  socru. 
Ilia  docet  spoliis  nudi  gaudere  mariti ; 
Ilia  docet,  missis  a  corruptore  tabellis, 
Nil  rude  nee  simplex  rescribere :  decipit  ilia 
235  Custodes  aut  sere  domat :  tunc  corpore  sano 
Advocat  Archigenen  onerosaque  pallia  jactat. 
Abditus  interea  latet  et  secretus  adulter, 
Impatiensque  morse  pavet  et  praeputia  ducit. 
Scilicet  exspectas,  ut  tradat  mater  honestos 
240  Atque  alios  mores,  quam  quos  habet?  Utile  porro 
Filiolam  turpi  vetulae  producere  turpem. 

Nulla  fere  causa  est,  in  qua  non  femina  litem 
Movent     Accusat  Manilia,  si  rea  non  est. 

tomb :     in    lapidt    huie    uni    nupta  medical  man  ;  as  by  Heliodorufl, 373.  BO, 

/wM  Ugar;  Prop.  IV.  zi.  36.  and  again ;  Tbe  mother's  object  is  to  get  her  soo-io- 

jfiaa,   tu  fme  teneoM  unum,  nos  imitata  law  removed  from  his  wife's  room,  on  the 

virum;  id.  68.    This  passage  then  is  a  pretence  of  keeping  her  quite  quiet,  jff. 

bitter,  perhaps  an  overcharged,  sarcasm  on  It  may  be  thought  that  the  lover  was  to 

tbe  wives  of  his  time,  who  were  so  lost  be  introduced  in  a  doctor's  disguise.  VS, 

to  aU  aense  of  decorum,  as  to  be  nothing  Our  author  perhaps  hints  at  the  iromo« 

loath  to  have  their  incontinence  blazoned  rality  of  the   phy&icians  themselves,  as 

00  their  tombstones;   R.  G.  just  in  the  being  either  principals  or  accessories  in 

same  way,  as  Chloe  was  of  such  brazen  the  crime.  Plm.  zxiz.  1  Mart.  XI.  Ixzii. 

effronterVfthat  she  would  not  have  cared  HN. 

if  her  epitaph  (tituiut)  had  not  only  'Tosses    off   the  bed-clothes  as  too 

eonmeratea  her  husbands,  but  also  stated  heavy.'  LU.  Ov.  Am.  I.  ii.  2.  Her.  zxi. 

the  fiact  that  she  had  been  instrumental  169  sq.     Prop.  IV.  iii.  31.  viii.  87.  cf. 

to  their  deaths.  Plant.  True.  II.  v.  26.  R. 

231.  Saiva  *  as  long  as  she  lives.'  238. '  Is  all  in  a  tremor.'  Latu$qu$ 
SCH.  per  artus  horror  tit ;  Stat.  Th.  i.  493  sq. 

232.  See  149.  210.  R.  and  note  on  tpesque  audaxque  una  metui  9t  Jiducia  paU 
parvNtcs,  13.  ien$:    nil  Jixum    cordi:     pugnant  nire 

"  WUh  savage  joy,  to  fleece  A  bank>  paventqite :    amcurrit  summos  animoium 

mpC  flpooae."  G.  f^ig^*  in  artut ;  Id.  vi.  393  sqq.  it  num- 

233.  '  By  the  seducer.'  cf.  277  sq.  6r/i  gelidut  sudor:  ttetoqut  pavore  pro^ 
nv.  25—30.  and  the  quotation  from  misja  evo/vtt ;  Sil.  iii.  215  sq.  xvi.432.  if. 
lAciaD  at  434  sqq.  R.  tertpta  tabelltB  ;  239.  Cf.  xiv.  25  sqq.  /i. 

Ov.  A.  A.  iii.  621  sqq.  'Do  you  expect   forsooth  V    75.  ii. 

234  •  To  write  back.'  141.  R,  104.  R. 

23S.  '  The  spies  set  on  her  daughter's  240.  *  Lucrative  :'    the  old   beldame 

conduct  by  the  suspicious  husband.'  PR,  makes  money  by  it.  /?. 

ir.  cf.  Ov.  A.  A.  iii.  601  sqq.  611  sqq.  241.  *  To  bring  forth  ;'  viii.  271.  Cic. 

662  sqq.  LU.     See  also  357  sq.  R,  Verr.  i.  12.  Sil.  i.  1 12.  or  <  to  bring  up :' 

'Though  her  daughter   is    perfectly  xiv.  228.    Plant.  Asin.  III.  i.  40.    Bac. 

wdl  I'faUax  egrotat ;  Ov.  A.  A.  iii.  641  III.  iii.  51 .  R,ot  *  to  prostitute.'  VS, 

sqq.  LU.  Kmz§v  kJ^kh  »««^y  ««».  hU, 

236. 'She  calls  in  Archigenes:' a  first-  242.  *  Where  a  woman   has   not  a 

rate  physician  in  the  reigns  of  Domitian,  finger  in  the  pie.' 

Nerva,   and  Trajan.  VS,  LU,  xiii.  98.  243.  •  If  she   be  not  defendant,  she 

liv.  252.     He  was  a  native  of  Apamea  will  be  plaintiff.'  M. 

in  Syria,  and  the  anthor  of  many  medical  Manilia,  There  was  a  common  wo- 

woiks.  By  Archigenes  here  is  meant  any  roan  of  this  name,  who  was  prosecuted 


132                            THE  SATIRES  sat.  vi. 

Componunt  ipsse  per  se  formantque  libellos, 
245  Principium  atque  locos  Celso  dictare  paratse. 
Endromidas  Tyrias  et  femineum  ceroma 

Quis  nescit?  Vel  quis  non  vidit  yulnera  pali  ? 

Quern  cavat  adsiduis  sudibus  scutoque  lacessit 

Atque  omnes  implet  numeros,  dignissima  prorsus 
250  Florali  matrona  tuba ;  nisi  si  quid  in  illo 

for  wounding  a  inagUtrate  with  a  ttone  :  dabant,    palorum  autem  usu»  rum  iolum 

Oell.  iv.  14.  PR.  V.  Max.  viii.  3.    mSrmt  militibus,  sed  etiam  g ladiatoribus plu' 

ititMvwm  »«)  WMtyumXvi/  In*     Alcx.  rimam  prodeU.  a  singulU  tironibui  smguU 

quoted  at  136.  A.  pali  d^gebantur  in  terram, tte  tit  nutan 

244.  '  They  draw  up  and  frame  in-  mm  possent  tt  its  pedibus  eminerent,  eon- 
dictments  wiUiout  any  help  from  the  traiUumpalum,  Uunquam  contra  adMT' 
attorney.*  L (7.  In  our  civil-law  courts  sarium,  tiro  cum  crate  iUaet  elava  vdtU 
the  term  libellut  is  still  in  use. and  answers  cum  gladio  te  exercebat  ettcutc,  ut  name 
to  '  a  declaration*  at  common  law,  which  quaii  caput  aut  facUm  peteret :  in  qua 
contains  the  complaint.  M.  meditatione  servdatur  UUt  cautela,  ut  tte 

245.  'Both  tne  exordium  and  the  tiro  adit^erendumvulnui  imturgcretpnt 
topics  to  be  used;'  LU»  or  <  the  title  qua  parte  ipse  pateret  ad  plagam;  Veget. 
and  section  of  the  law  on  which  the  stress  i.  1 1.  LIT.  A. 

of  the  action  resU:'  PL,  *  both  chapter  The  words  tudet  *  stakes'  (It.   128.) 

and  verse/  as  we  say.  and  rudes '  wooden  foils*  are  sometimes 

A.  Com,  Cebus,yf\kO  died  in  the  reira  of  confounded.     Probably  rudibut  isthe 

Tiberius,  left  behind  him  seven  books  of  correct  reading  here.   SV,    LI,  pibrarw 

Institutes.  VS.    He   also  wrote  both  on  i  u  d  «  m  ;  Sil.  viii.  554.  i.  321.  cf.  Li  v.  xL 

rural  and  military  affairs  :  but  he  is  best  6. 9.  [xxvi,  51*  f.  £D.]  Or.  A.  A.  iii.  515. 

known  as  a  physician.     Quint.  XII.  ult.  Veget.  ii.  43.  Prop.  VI.  i.  29.  vectet; 

PR.    It  is  customary  with  our  author  to  Veget.  i.  9.  w^ntut  wmxur  Xen.  Cyr. 

give  the  name  of  some  well-known  pro-  ii.  3.  17  sq.  R,  Ov.  F.  ii.  367.  H. 

lessor  of  a  former  age  to  some  contem-  249.  '  Goes  through  all  the  moremeatt 

porary  master  of  the  art.  G.    There  was  of  the  exercise/  M.  or'  performs  the  whole 

also  a  P.  Juventiui    Cebut,  who  was  exercise  with  precision  at  the  word  of 

prctor  (A.U.  854)  under  Trajan,  and  command.'   Llf.  cf.   Plin.  £p.  ix.  38. 

consul  for  the  second  time  (A.U.  882)  Pan.  71.  Cic.  Div.  i.  13.  R, 

under   Hadrian.     He   was  an  eminent  250.  *  The  trumpet  which  assembled 

lawyer,  and  wrote  Commentaries,  and  (iii.  34  sq.)  the  courtezans  at  the  festival 

Books  of  Letters,  Digests,  and  Questions,  of  Flora,'  Lactant.  i.  20.  LU.  Pera.  t. 

His  father  bore  the  same  name,  and  is  178.  Ov.  F.  t.  183—378.  PR.  V.  Max. 

occasionally  mentioned  in  the  DigesU.  II.  x.  8.  Sen.  £p.  97.  Plin.  xviii.  29* 

GR.  HK,  R,  Varr.  L.  L.  iv.  10.  vi.  3.  R.  see  also  z. 

*  To  dictate'  as  a  master  to  his  scholar.  214.  Virg.  M.  v.  1 13.  Lf. 

R.  cf.  V.  122.  The  fhralia  were  first  sanctbned  by 

246.  Cf.  i.  23.  iii.  68.  103.  7.  SA.  the  government  in  the  consulship  of 
Out  of  vanity  they  had  these  rugs  lined  Claudius  Centho,  and  Sempronios  Tndi- 
with  purple  silk.  jP£.  i.  27.  Pi2.  iii.  283.  tanus,  (A.  U.  513.)  out  of  the  fines 
R.  then  exacted  for  trespasses  on  the  groands 

From  the  epithet  femintum,  we  may  belonging  to  the  people :  (this  is  Ovid's 

suppose  that  they  used  a  more  delicate  story :)  even  then,  they  were  only  occa- 

unguent  than  the  common  gladiators.  sional ;  but  about  eij^hteen  years  afler- 

247.  Antiqui  ad  patoi  exercebant  wards,  on  account  of  the  unfavourable 
tironet :  icutade  vimine  in  modum  cratium  spring,  the  senate  decreed  that  they  should 
corrotundata  texebant,  ita  ut  duplum  pan-  be  celebrated  annually,  as  the  most  effec- 
dui  cratii  haberet,  quam  teutum  publicum  tual  method  to  propitiate  the  goddess  of 
habereeonsuevit:  iikemqueclavatligmae,  the  season.  They  probably  had  their 
dupH  <Bqu9  ponderit,  pro  gladiis  tironibut  rise  in  a  very  remote  age,  and,  likt  the 


SAT.  Yi.  OF  JUVENAL.  133 

Pectore  plus  agitat  veraeque  paratur  arenas. 
Quern  praestare  potest  mulier  galeata  pudorem. 
Quae  fugit  a  sexu  ?    Vires  amat.     Hsec  tamen  ipsa 
Vir  nollet  fieri :  nam  quantula  nostra  voluptas  ? 
255  Quale  decus  rerum  si  conjugis  auctio  fiat? 
Balteus  et  manicae  et  cristae  crurisque  sinistri 

Lupercalm*  were  the  uncouth  expresnota  hard  heart,  a  wily  head,  and  an  im- 

of  gratitude  of  a  rude  tud  barbarous  race,  pudence  that  would  bate  scandalized  a 

handed  down  by  tradition,  adopted  by  a  Cynic.  G. 

people  as  yet  but  little  refined,  and  finally.        The  word '  matron'  is  used  with  indig- 

dcgcnerating  into  licentiousness  amidst  the  nation.  R, 

geneml  corruption  of  manners.    These        Niti  $1;  Ov.  Her.  iv.  111.  H.    '  Un- 

gamet  were  celebrated  on  the  last  day  of  less  she  meditates  some  more  masculine 

April,  and  the  first  and  second  day  of  feat/  Mart.  Sp.  vi.  PR, 
Ma? ;    and  with  an  indecency  hardly        252.  '  What  sense  of  shame  can  there 

credible  amoi^t  ctvilized  people.    The  be  in  a  woman,  who  is  so  forgetful  of  bet 

lowest  women  appeared  upon  the  stage,  sex  as  to  assume  the  helmet  V  M. 
and  exhibited  a  variety  of  obscene  dances,        253.  '  Robust  and  manly  lexercises.' 

feats  of  agility,  &c.    These  miserable  LU. 

wretches  assembled  at  the  sound  of  a        254.  '  How  little  is  our  pleasure  in 

trumpet;  and  the  leader  of  this  immodest  comparison  with  theirs!*  Ov.  M.  iii.  320 

band  must  have  certainly  required  all  sqq.  BRO.  cf.  zi.  166  sq.  Ov.  A.  A.  i. 

the  impudence,  and  all  the  profligacy,  342.  Prop.  III.  xix.  R, 
which  Juvenal  sees  in  his  female  fencer.        255.  *  Of  your  wife's  wardrobe.' 
The  people  claimed  a  privilege  of  calling        256.    I'hese  arms  are  those  of  the 

apoo  them,  to  strip  tnemselves;  which  Samnite,  according  to  Livy;<fuoftr0rcttus 

was  rmilaily  done  with   immense  ap-  erant :  tctita  alleriui  auro,  alteriug  argento 

planse!    Val.  Maximus  says,  that  when  ctBlaverunt:  spongia  pectori  tegumentum 

Caio  once  happened  to  be  present  at  {ue,  baLteus),  linittrum  erutoerta 

these  games,  the  spectators  were  ashamed  tectum,  galea  erigtatae,  qua  tpteiem 

to  call  upon  the  ladies  as  usual.     Cato,  ma^itudini  corporum adderent,  tunieat 

who  seems  to  have  expected  it,  asked  his  (this  is  the  reading  here  according  to  VS.) 

friend  Favorinus,  why  they  delayed ;  and  aurati*    militibtu  versieolores,  argentatii 

was  answered,  out  of  respect  to  him;  lintea  Candida.   (And  after  the  slaughter 

spon   which    he    immediately    left   the  of  the  Samnites)  Romani   ad  honorem 

theatre,  to  the  great  joy  of  the  people,  Deiun  insignibus  armU  ho$tium  mi  sunt : 

who  proceeded  to  indemnify  themselves  Campani,  ab  superbia  et  odio  Samnitium, 

for  their  reluctant  forbearance.     Martial  gladiatores  eo  arnatu  arTnarunt  Samniti' 

kas   an  epigram  on  this   anecdote,   in  umgue  nomine  compellarunt ;  Liv.  ix.  40. 

vhiefa  he  puts  a  very  pertinent  question :  Perhaps   maniea    may  mean  '  sleeved 

"  Why,"  says  he  to  Cato,  '*  since  you  tunics,'  which  would  be  better  suited  to 

knew  the  nature  of  these  games,  did  you  women.  Cell.  vii.  12.  Suet.  Csm.  45. 

|o  into  the  theatre  1  was  it  menf>ly  that  tunica  manieat  habent ;  Virg.  JE,  ix.  616. 

^n  might  come  out  again  V*     By  the  The  retiarii  wore  only  a  tunic :  cf.  iL 

way,  among  many  other  puzzling  cir-  143.  viii.  200 — 208.  and  note  on  263. 

curastances  in  the  Roman  history,  how  R. 

are  we  to  account  for  the  high  character        '  The  left  leg'  was  advanced  when 

which  Cato  obtained  from  his  country-  they  fought,  and  but  half-covered  with  a 

nen.      A   parent  without    affection,  a  plate  of  iron,  both  that  it  might  be  less 

Wband  without  attachment,  a  master  cumbrous  and  because  the  rest  of  the  leg 

without  humanity,  and  a  republican  with-  was  protected  by  the  shield.  LU.  Macr. 

out  political  honesty,  he  has  yet  come  S.  v.  18.  Virgil  on  the  contrary,  describes 

down  to  us,  as  one  of  the  most  virtuous  the  Hernici  as  having  the  right  leg  pro- 

Bien  of  his  age !    In  his  actions,  there  tected  and  the  left  bare ;  JE.  vii.  689  iq. 

would  seem  little  more  than  proofs  of  a  PR. 


134  THE  SATIRES  sat.  ti. 

Dimidium  tegimen ;  vel,  si  diversa  movebit 

Prcelia,  tu  felix,  ocreas  vendente  puella* 

Hae  sunt,  quae  tenui  sudant  in  cyclade,  quarum 

260  Delicias  et  panniculus  bombycinus  urit 

Adspice,  quo  fremitu  monstratos  perferat  ictus 
Et  quanto  galeae  curvetur  pondere,  quanta 
Poplitibus  sedeat,  quam  denso  fascia  libro, 
Et  ride,  scaphium  positis  quum  sumitur  armis. 

265  Dicite  vos  neptes  Lepidi  caecive  Metelli, 

Gurgitis  aut  Fabii,  quae  India  sumserit  umquam 
Hos  habitus  ?  quando  ad  palum  gemat  uxor  Asyli  ? 

Semper  habet  lites  alternaque  jurgia  lectus, 
In  quo  nupta  jacet :  minimum  dormitur  in  illo. 

270  Tunc  gravis  ilia  viro,  tunc  orba  tigride  pejor. 


257.  *  If  your  young  wife  (ti.  59.)  The  scaphium  was  an  oblong '  pot'  used 

engages  as  a rettarius or  Mciifor, you  may  by   women;    Mart.   XI.   zii.  26.   that 

think  yourself  a  lucky  fellow,  for  she  will  which  men  used  was  called  lasanum,  R. 

then  have  a  pair  of  boots  to  sell.'  VS.  265.  '  Hieh-born  dames  now  assume 

LU,  PR,  R,  a  garb  and  play  a  part  which  a  gladiator's 

259.  '  In  a  thin  muslin  frock.'  LU,  wife  or  an  actress  would  once  have  been 
It  had  a  border  of  gold  :   Prop.  IV.  vii.  ashamed  of.'  LU,  VS. 

40.   Virg.  i£.  i.  649.  R,    India  muslin  M.  JEm,  Lepidus,  Censor  A.  U.  584, 

has  a  golden  selvedge.  twice  consul,  chief  pontiflT,  and  prince  of 

260.  'To  whose  charms  even  a  thin  the  senate.  Oneoftha  second  triumvirate 
silken  half  handkerchief  is  insupportably  and  many  consuls  bore  the  same  name, 
hot.'  VS.  cf.  i.  27—29.  ii.  65  sqq.  vui.  LU.  PR. 

101.  R.  Metellus;  iii.  138  sq.  LU. 

261.  Cf.  267.  and  viii.  200  sqq.  R.  266.  Q.  or  M.  Fab.  Gurges,  (son  of 
Vir  firtis  iugemiscit,  ut  se  intendat  ad  Fab.  Max.  RuUianus,)  was  Consul  A.  U. 
firmitatem ;  ut  t?i  stadio  cunores  exelo'  462  and  478,  and  prince  of  the  senate. 
mant,quammaximepo$8unt:faciunt  idem,  He  was  named  Gurgti  from  having 
quum  exereentur,  athlettB :  pugilei  vera,  squandered  his  fortune  during  his  youth : 
etiam  quum  feriunt  adversarium,  in  jac'  in  later  life  he  reformed  and  was  exem- 
tandis  cattibu$  ingemiscunt ;  rum,  quod  plsiry  in  his  conduct.  LU,  Macr.  S.  ii.  9. 
doUant  animove  succumbant,  $ed  quia  pro-  lii.  13.  Plin.  vii.  41.  Plut.  Fab.  Liv.  z. 
fundenda  voce  omne    corpus   iHtenditur,  31.  I.  R,  PR, 

venitoue  plaga  vehementior;  Cic.  T.  Q.  Ludia  ;  cf.  104.  M.  82.  R. 

u,  23  extr.  24.  PR.   *•  Mark,  with  what  267.  Cf.  247.  261.  R. 

force,   as  the  full  blow  descends.  She  Atylus  was  a  prize-fighter.  LU» 

thunders  hah  !"    G.     Buchanan  has  a  268.  I'he  Satirist  now  touches  upon 

Latin  epigram  on  this  subject.  the  comforts  of  a  curtain-lecture.  M,  ifoe 

'  Which  she  has  been  shown  by  her  decet  uxores,doi  at  uxoria  Utet;  Ov.  A.  A. 

fencing-master.'   VS.  ii.  155.  &c.  iii.  373 sqq.  Am.  II.  ii. 35 M)q. 

'  She  thrusts  home.*  PR.  die*  ac  noctes  cum  cane  <ttatem  exigis; 

263.  **  How  close  tucked  up  for  fight,  Plant.  Cas.  II.  v.  9  sqq.  LU.  R. 
behind,  before."  G.  270.  Tigris  Indica  fera  velocitatis  tr«- 

Fascia  '  a  roll  of  clothes  (cf.  Mart,  mendee  est,  qwr,  vacuum  reperiens  eubile, 

V^II.  Izvi.  4.)  in  athick  mass.'  PR.  fertur   prccceps    odore  ve^tigans.    raptor 

264.  Plant.  Bad.  i.  35  sqq. '  You  will  appropinquante  fremitu,  abjicit  unum  c 
laueb  to  find  what  a  mistake  you  had  made  catulis.  tolUt  ilia  mortu  et  pandere  etiam 
with  regard  to  the  sex  of  the  combatant.'  oeyor  facta  reportat :  et  max  redit,  iterum" 


SAT.  Ti.  OF  JUVENAL.  136 

Quum  simulat  gemitus  occuiti  conscia  factd 
Aut  odit  pueros  aut  ficta  pellice  plorat, 
Uberibus  semper  lacrumis  semperque  paratis 
In  statione  sua  atque  exspectantibus  illam, 

275  Quo  jubeat  manare  modo :  tu  credis  amorem, 
Tu  tibi  tunc  curruca  places  fletumque  labellis 
Exsorbes,  qu8s  scripta  et  quot  lecture  tabellas. 
Si  tibi  zelotypae  retegantur  scrinia  mcechae  ! 
Sed  jacet  in  servi  complexibus  aut  equitis.    Die, 

280  Die  aliquem,  sodes,  hie,  Quintiliane,  colorem  I 

"  Haeremus :  die  ipsa."    "  Olim  convenerat,"  inquit, 
<^  Ut  faceres  tu,  quod  velles,  nee  non  ego  possem 
Indulgere  mihi :  clames  licet  et  mare  ccelo 
Confiindas,  homo  sum."    Nihil  est  audacius  illis 


fM  eomequitur ;  donte  regreno  in  navem  B.  G.  i.  39.  HK. 

nptorg,irritaferifas  favit  in  littore;  Plin.  276.  *  Like  the  hedge-sparrow'  which 

Tiii.  18  I  25.  PR.  Mela  iii.  5.  SoHd.  17.  sits  on  the  cuckoo's  eggs ;  so  you  rear  a 

Sen.  Med.  861  sqq.  Luc.  v.  405.  Mart,  brood,  of  which  you  are  not  the  parent, 

III.  zliv.  6  sqq.  VIIL  zzyi.  A.  Prov.  though  they  are  hatched  in    your  own 

xm,  12.  Hos.  xiii.  8.  M.  nest.  Plin.  x.  9.  Arist.  H.  An.  vi.  7.  xi. 

271.  "  When,  con^ious  of  her  guilt,  29.  37.  PR.  R. 

ikt   feigns  to  groan.  And  chides  your  Et videatfl entem-fnec tadeat oscula 

loon  amoors,  to  hide  her  own."  G.  The  ferTe',etiiecolacrumas  eombibat  ore 

doped  husband  sets  down  her  grief  and  ttuis;  Ot.  A.  A.  ii.  325  sq.  laerumai' 

jtaloosj  to  the  score  of  her  excessive  qutt  per  oeeula    sieeat\  Ov.  F.  iii. 

kwe.  Ot.  a.  a.  iii.  677  sqq.  Am.  1.  viii.  509.  Her.  xi.  54.  R. 

79  sq.   y^9  )t  r«v  rv^ivrt  wmii$9»tt^i»u  277.  "  Could  you  now  examine  her 

jm}  ^s^Mwt  Wi^xH^rmt  »«)  ^rttmyfttn  scnitore.  What  amorous  lays,  what  letters 

\aXmt  i  yt^fmf  Luc.  D.  M.  xxvii.  7.  would  you  see."  G.  cf.  233.  R. 

k)ui9t00m*   &^i  ywHumit  'utXnt  »«2  w^h  279.  '  But  suppose    you    catch    her 

lilfM^  Ti  ifuJJi^M  iTi^raftimt  »mi  it  tteufif  lying.'  PR.  Petr.  126.  R. 

^■■^r«i.  Mm)  /ura^  rmv  >Jymf  iXtufSf  *  Slave  or  knight,  for  to  her  it  matters 

irt^md^    Id.  Vox.  15.  H.  little  which.'  R. 

272.  '  The  servant  lads.'  PR,  280.  *  Quiotilian,  with  all  bis  rhetoric, 
PelUx :  627.  ii.  57.  could  find  no  colourable  excuse  for  such 

273.  Ut  JUrent  ocuUn  erudiere  suo$\  flagrant  misconduct.'  TS.  cf.  vii.  155.  Af. 
Ot.  R.  A.  690.  Cf.  xiii.  133  sq.  Ov.  Am.  and  IBS. color  em  dare  rehm  deformibus ; 
1.  vin.83  sq.  A.  A.  iii.  291  sq.  Her.  ii.  Quint.  III.  viii.  3.  a  metaphor  from 
51  sq.Jusue  proeiliunt  lacrumtB  ;  Mart.  I.  painting.  R, 

xxxtv.  2.  Prop.  IV.  i.  144.  R.  Sodes  is  formed   from   ti  and   attdet. 

The  metapnor  is   taken   from  troops  (which   occur    separately   in   Plautus,) 

well -disciplined  and  trained  to  move  here  Cic.  Orat.  45.  Festus;  Non.  2.    It  qua- 

or  there  at  command.  VS.    "  Tears,  that  lifies  an  imperative.  F,  [Livy  xxiii,  47, 

marshaird  at  their  station  stand.  And  flow  d.  £D.] 

impasaoo'd  as  she  gives  command."  G.  281.  '  We  are  aground,  quite  at  a  loss  ; 

274.  On  the  hiatus,  see  i.  151.  R.  the  lady  must  speak  for  herself.'  LU, 
lUam  for  iUa,  is  a  Grecism.  R.     An  283.  Cf.  ii.  25.  R.  and  75. 

lecnsatrre   dependent   on   a    preceding  284.  *  I  am  a  mortal,  therefore  frail 

verb,    is  often  used   where  one  would  by  nature.'    nihil  est  jam  quod  tu  mihi 

expect  a  DODUDatiTe.  Hyg.  fab.  34.  Css.  tuecerueat ;  fecere  taU  ante  alii  speetati 


186  THE  SATIRES  sat.  ti. 

285  Deprensis :  iram  atque  animos  a  crimine  sumunt. 

Unde  hsec  monstra  tamen  yel  quo  de  fonte,  requiris? 
Praestabat  castas  humilis  fortuna  Latinas 
Quondam  nee  vitiis  contin^  parva  sinebant      ■ 
Tecta  labor  somnique  breves  et  vellere  Tusco 

290  Vexatae  duraeque  manus  ac  proximus  Urbi 
Hannibal  et  stantes  Collina  turre  maritL 
Nunc  patimur  longffi  pacis  mala.     Saevior  armU 
Luxuria  incubuit  victumque  ulciscitur  orbem. 
Nullum  crimen  abest  facinusque  libidinis,  ex  quo 

295  Paupertas  Romana  pent.     Hinc  fluxit  ad  istos 
Et  Sybaris  colles,  hinc  et  Rhodos  et  Miletos 
Atque  coronatum  et  petulans  madidumque  Tarentum. 


viri :  humanum  amare  at,  hutnanum  autem  jugated  provinces  of  the  Roman  empire.  * 

ignoicere  ett,    ne  n$  me  objurga,  hoe  non  R.    Orbem  nam    totum  victor    Romatuu 

voluntas  me  impiUit ;  Plant.  Alerc.  II.  iu  habehat,  SCH.  cf.  SL,  on  elme&funi,  3. 
46  MQ.  Ter.  Heaut.  1. 1  25.  Cic.  Off.i.        294.  Cf.  ix.   131  sqq.  M.  Hor.  Ill 

9.  LU.  R>  Od.  xxiv.  42  sqq.  Liv.  pr.  extr.  R. 

286.  MoMtra  ;  ii.  122.  prodigia;  84.  D^nxit ;  iii.62.  ct  ib,  60  sqq.  69  sqq. 
R.  645.  R. 

Thegood  old  times  are  again  described,        295.    Hinc  'from   opulence,  power, 

in  xi.  77 — 180.  R.  Compare  Ezekiel  on  and  luxury:*  PO.  PA.  or  <  henceforth.' 

the  profligacy  of  the  Jewish  women ;  xyi.  R. 
49.  M.  296.  *  The  seven  hills  on  whidi  Room 

287.  Cf.  5—24.   and.  on  the  happy  was  built.*  PO.  PA.'ix.  13I.il. 
effects  of  industrious  poverty,  see  Hor.  I        Sy^Ktr if  (which  gave  rise  to  the  proverbs 
Od.  xii.  41 — 44.  Ill  Od.  ii.  1  sqq.  vi.  17  Sybariiica  ms,  mensa,  jfc.)  was  a  volnp* 
sqq.  Ov.  R.Am.  136-168.  745  sqq.  J?,  tuous  city  of  Magna  GrtBcia,  SA.  R. 
Anstoph.  PI.  467  sqq.  founded  by  the  companions  of   Philo- 

288.  '  To    be   contaminated.'  R.  ▼.  ctetes.  VS, 

128.  Rhodoit  in  the  Carpathian  sea.  off  the 

289.  *  Lowly  roofs :'  humUe*  ea$a» ;  Carian  coast.  FA,  Find.  01.  vii.  Strab. 
Virg.  E.  ii.  29.  when  Rjomuleo  recent  xiv.  Plin.  v.  31.  Hor.  I  Od.  vii.  1.  Atb. 
hcrrebat  "egia  culmo ;  M.  viii.  664.  LU,  xiii.  2.  Cell.  vii.  3.  cf.  viii.  1 13.  PR. 

290.  Lucretia  was  found  by  Tarquin  Miletos,  the  chief  city  of  Ionia,  on  the 
thos  employed.  SCH,  confines  of  Caria  and  Lydia.  FA, 

Metus  hostilis  in  bonis  artibui  civitatem        297.  Tarentum,  a  town  of  Messapia. 

retinOat;  Sail.  B.  J.  41 1  45.  LU,  cf.  on  a  gulf  of  the  same  name.  PR.    The 

Lir.  zzvi.  10.  PR.  Sil.  xii.  541  sqq.  R.  epithets  denote  the  dissolute  manners  of 

291.  Hannibal;  170.  PR.  its  inhabitants.  '  Crowned  with  flowen :' 
*  On  guard  at  the  CoUine  gate.*  VS,  v.  36.  '  Wanton  and  insolent,'  as  persons 

292.  i.  87.  Ille  diu  miles  pcpulut,  qui  are  when  in  their  cups.  <  Wet  and 
pretfuit  orbi  qui  trabeat  et  sceptra  dabat ;  soaked'  either  in  wine  (Bs^yfdfett  ^««* 
nunc  inhonorus,  egens,  perfert  miterabilg  fuiuff  Hesych.)  or  with  omtments :  it 
pads  supplieium,  nulloque  palam  cireum-  U  called  ttuctum ;  &don.  v.  430.  (as 
datus  hoste  obtMii  diterimen  hedtet ;  Cl^ud,  uncta  Corinthus ;  y\n,  \\3.)  molle ;  Hor. 
B.  G.  96  &c.  K,  R.  II  S.  iv.  34.  imbelle ;    I  Ep.  vii.  45. 

293.  Cf.  X.  218.  R.  Nova  febrium  Hue  vina  et  unguenta  et  ntmncm 
terris  incubuit  eohors;  Hor.  I  Od.  iii.  30  breves  /lores  amenta  ferre  jitbe  rmai 
sq.  M.  II  Od.  iii.  13  sq.  cf.  is.  128.  zi.  122. 

<  The  world'  ^9  •tme^mf '  the  sub-  R.  M. 


BAT.  Ti.  OF  JUVENAL,  137 

Prima  peregrinofi  obscoena  Pecunia  mores 
Intulit  et  turpi  fregerunt  saecula  luxu 

300  Divitiae  molles.     Quid  enim  Venus  ebria  curat? 
Inguinis  et  capitis  quae  sint  discrimina,  nescit, 
Grandia  quae  mediis  jam  noctibus  ostrea  mordet, 
Quum  perfiisa  mero  spumant  unguenta  Falemo, 
Quum  bibitur  concha,  quum  jam  vertigine  tectum 

305  Ambulat  et  geminis  exsurgit  mensa  lucemis. 
I  nunc  et  dubita,  qua  sorbeat  aera  sanna 

298.  "  Wealth  first,  the  ready  pander  in  fashion  to  the  decline  of  the  empire  : 
to  all  sin.  Brought  foreign  manners,  te /oliis  Arabet  ditent;  Claud.  Eutr.  i. 
foreign  vices  in."  Gr.  Luiuria  peresrintE  226.  Savage  nations  will  have  re- 
trig0  a6  exereitu  Asiatieo  inveela  in  Urbem  course  to  the  most  nauseous  mixture  for 
•It :  fade  prtmtim  Uetos  ^rata  S^e,  Dv.  the  sake  of  procuring  a  temporary  deli- 
xxzix.  6.  JR.  Juvenal  had  perhaps  in  rium :  strong  infusions  of  aromatic  oint- 
bs  mind  the  words  of  Pbocyll  ides,  and  ments  in  wine  are  said  to  produce  giddiness; 
thow  of  Creon;  Soph.  Ant  301  sqq.  rk  and  it  is  not  altogether  improbable,  that 
Xfj^fw^  M^iwun  rifimraTm  }vf«/u/v  r$  this  profligate  people  (as  the  extremes  of 
wXtS^<rw9  rSf  Iv  mti^mrit  tx**'  Kur.  Ph.  barbarism  and  refinement  sometimes  meet) 
449  sq.  WN,  cf.  i.  1 13.  Sail.  B.  C.  1 1.  might  be  influenced  by  considerations  of  a 

299.  Fr^giTunt  '  have  enervated'  or  similar  nature,  and  adopt  this  monstrous 
'  rendered  Geminate  :'  in  this  sense  we  expedient  for  the  mere  purpose  of  accele- 
bave  vA  Ztu  mrnvmyirtt'  Phot  242.  and  rating  and  heightening  the  effects  of  in- 
rA  umrtuXMrfAtm  /tiXm  and  li  jutvtaty v7m  toxication.  G. 

fU9nmk  are  opposed  to  4  kti^tSint-  Plut        To  drink  the  wine   '  sheer*  was  the 

Mm.    Opp.  t.  ii.  p.  m.     1136.   1138.  characteristic   of    drunkards.    R,     eon- 

frangitur  ipsa  tuu  Roma iujwrba  bonis :  tinuit  veiata  madet  vindemia  nimbis :  non 

Ptopb  III.  xiii.  60.  R,  pote»  ut  cupias,  vendere,  caupo,  merum; 

300. '  A  woman  who  adds  drunken-  Mart  I.  Ivii.     oallidut  impontit  nuper 

wem  to  lewdneM.'    DO,    omnM    vtttum  midi  eopo  Ravenna;  eum  peterem  mix- 

ebrieuu  gt  tntewdtt  et  detegit,  obstantem  turn  vendidit  ilU  merum;  III.  l?ii.  I. 

wiaiie  eamatibus  vereeundiam  removet ;  Sen.  xii.  &c. 


Ep.  83.  SCH.  V.  Max.  II.  i.  5.  cf.  418        304.    Concha    is    either    a    capacious 
i^.  Prop.  II.  xxxiii.  25  sqq.  R.  drinking- vessel  formed  like  '  a  shell,'  or 


JOl.  '*  Take  bead  or  tail,  to  her  'tis  the  vessel  which  held  the  unguent  LU, 

BBch  the  same."   G.  Suet  Tib.  44  sq.  419.  M. 

Ariit  Ep.  1281  sqq.  R.  Uor.  £p.  viii.  305.  *A«'«»r«  iv^vf  U«»ii  fut  ri^i^C^ir. 

19  sq.  VS,  im  irt§9rt  m$i}  r§  fwnX*u«9  mure  «Mrr^i^ir«* 

3(J2.  *  Fat  oysters,  as  provocatives.'  Luc.  D.  Mar.  ii.  2.  §U»^m^m  »f^xih>, 

LU.  Their  size  renders  mordet  preferable  r/)f  iSft»  wt^ir^ixw    Theogn.  603  sqq. 

10  tlw  other  reading  torbet.  Eur.  B.  916  sqq.   Sen.  Ep.  83.  V.  Flac 

Neeiee  mediae,  quum   pubno   Falemo  iii.  65  sqq.  Virg.  JE,  iv.  469  sq.  Sen.  Ag. 

erdgm ;  iv.  137  sqq.  PR.  728.   R.  qucs  $unt  singula,  bina  videt ; 

803.  Si  ealidum  pelUa,  ardenti  murrha  Or.  A.  A.  iii.  764. 

Falemo  emtvenit  et  meliorfit  sapor  inde  306.  '  Go  now  !'  a  common  expres- 

mero ;  Mart  XIV.  cxiii.  ex.  /U^f  etvew  sion  of  censure  or  derision  ;  x.  166.  310. 

fHyoSent  e^rmt  ImMt :    this  wine   was  xii.  57.  LU.  R. 

oiled  ^fO§  ftaffifirm  or  futffittit'    JEL  V.  From  sanna  comes  subsannare.     See 

H.  xii.  31.  Plin.  xiii.  3  <  5.  xiv.  3.  xxxi  1  note  on  Pers.  i.  58.  62.  iii.  86  sq.  v.  91. 

BRO.  R.    This  most  extravaeant  custom  R.     turpi  sono  rugosis  naribus  introrsum 

vis»  in  the  days  of  the  elder  Pliny,  reducto  spiritu  eoncrepantes ;  Amm.  xiv. 

esofintd  to  a  lew :  in  the  time  of  Martial  6.    vjkv  fTwrn  ^tfA^mfrtu  ^«^«*  knXyn  ^ 

it  wia  cominoii  enough ;  and  it  continuod  rm  /Mwnif «»  fuus^et  mU,  7/  eirmt  tlwm, 

T     . 


138  THE  SATIRES  sat.  yi. 

Maura,  Pudicitiae  veterem  quum  pra^rit  aram, 

TuIIia  quid  dicat  notae  collactea  Maurae. 

Noctibus  hie  ponunt  lecticas,  micturiunt  hie 
310  EfBgiemque  Dese  longis  siphonibus  implant 

Inque  vices  equitant  ae  luna  teste  moventur. 

Inde  domos  abeunt:  tu  calcas  luce  reversa 

Conjugis  urinam  magnos  visurus  amicos. 

Nota  Bonae  secreta  Deae,  quum  tibia  lumbos 
315  Incitat  et  cornu  pariter  vinoque  feruntur 

Adtonitae  crinemque  rotant  ululantque  Priapi 

Maenades.     O  quantus  tunc  illis  mentibus  ardor 

sin  Am'i  n^ttnw  ir^«;^S«vrff   Petr.  Alex,  hi  '  The  flute — the  born ;'    ii.  90  sqq. 

Theodor.  E.  H.  iv.  22.     nar^ms  ecrru-  FE, 

gath    aerem  $orbens    mhonestos    ttrepitui  315.  '  With  wioe :'    ntagno  eratert ; 

jmmit ;  Se? er.  £p.  in  BaroD>  Ann.  t.  ▼.  ii.  87.  R. 

VL.  Ferri  is    said    of    those  who   '  ruth 

307.  There  were  two  temples  of  Chas-  wildly'  under  the  impulse  of  some  irre- 
tity  at  Rome ;  one  of  Patrician  Chastity  sistibie  stimulus :  Uluc  mmtis  iiwf$,  ut 
in  the  Forum  Boarium  or  '  Cattle-market/  qtutm  furkUit  Eriehtho  impulit  in  eoUo 
the  other  of  Plebeian  Chastity  in  the  erim  jaceiiit,feror\  Ov.  Her.  zv.  139 
Vieut  Lmgut  or  '  High  Street.'  The  sq.  (BU,)  R.  notes  on  ^i^tur  Her.  vii. 
former  was  the  more  ancient.  LU,  G,  210.  vxii.  87.  91. 

Liv.  z.  23.  R,  316.  <  Bewildered  :    Li?,  xxxix.   1&. 

'  She  passes  the  temple,  not  only  wkh-  Hor.  Ill  Od.  xix.  14.  R, 

out  saluting  it,  but  even  with  a  sneer.'  A.  Caput  jactare  tt  eotnasrot  ar$fanati'' 

They  are  not  content  with  etery  variety  cum  est ;  Quint,  zi.  3.  Our  author  seems  to 

of  wantonness,   unless  they  show  their  have  borrowed  Lucan's  description  of  the 

contempt  of  the  goddess  of  Chastity  at  priests  of  Cybele;  crinemque  rotantet 

her    antiquated    and    neglected    altars,  ianguineum  populis  ulularunt  triitia 

STA.  Galli;  i.  566.    The  GaUus  is  elsewhere 

308.  Quid  *  what  impious  jeers.'  G.  similarly  represented  as  f«/tfinr§ht  ietim 
'Well-known;'  x.  224.  G.  Xu^f§/utntt  rJUxi^vf,  and  U/fun  t 
'  Her  foster-sister;'  i/)i»ym>M»r»t .  LU,  $urr^§^dXt'yym  *«^fim»'     Antip.   Sid.  Kp. 

309.  *  Here  they  alight  from  their  lit-  xxvii.  2. 18.  R,  The  priests  of  Isis  also, 
ters  :  and  the  very  first  thing  they  do,  is  as  demiuo  eapite  eervicet  luhricis  tntor^ 
to  show  their  thorough  contempt  of  the  quenteg  motilnu  criftesque  peniub*  rotantet 
deity  within  whose  precincts  theyassem-  in  eirculum;  Apul.  Met.  viii.  p.  214. 
ble.'  i.  131.  R.  cf.  Ep.  xxv.  p.  246.  Eur.  B.  150.  864. 

310.  •  And  bedew  the  image  of  the  Iph.  A.  758.  Cat.  Ixiii.  23  sqq.  HU, 
goddess  with  copious  irrigations.'  LU,  Ululaut  *  howl  or  yell*  (aX^XvJtvMv)  is 

311. '  The  chaste  Moon  (Hor.  C.  S.^  applied  to  sounds  of  frantic  mirth  or  woe 

is  witness  (cf.  viii.  149  sq.  Manil.  i.  283.)  indiscriminately.  Mart.  V.  xlii.  3.  Loc.  i. 

to  their  filthy  orgies.'  vii.  240.  Rom.  i.  567.  Virg.  JE,  iv.609.  Stat  Th.  iii.  158. 

26  sq.  LU.  R,  M,  Call.  H.  in  Del.  258.  R. 

313. '  On  your  way  to  see.'  i.  33.  iii.        '  Of  Priapus;'  ii.  95.  PK.  and  «.  75w 

127  sqq.  184.  v.  76  sqq.  M.  R,  i,  e.  •  devoting  themselves  to  the  god  of 

314.    Cf.  ii.  86  sqq.  LU,   rtXtrm)  Tt  obscenity.*  VS,  R, 
Ji^iffnru  Km)  ;^m*lt  &fi^m9  Sitfirrm  f*ver^-        3\7.  Mmnkf  <a  frantic   female,'   de- 

^-  Luc.  Am.  42.  R.  notes  pro)ierly  a  Bacchante.  GR£,  The 

Quum  carmina  lumbum  intrant;  addition  of  the  god's  name  is  an  instance 

Pers.  i.  20  sq.  GR,    cf.  i.  45.  ix.  59.  of  the  metaphor  by  analogy  mentioiied 

Pers.  iv.  35.  R.  by  Aristotle,  Rh.  III.  ir.  2.  xi.  4. 


SAT.  VL  OF  JUVENAL.  139 

Conoubitus  I  quas  vox  saltante  libidine  !  quantus 
Ille  men  reteris  per  crura  madentia  torrens ! 
320  LenoDum  ancillas  posita  Saufeia  corona 
Provocat  et  tollit  pendentis  prsemia  coxse. 
Ipsa  Medullinae  fluctum  crissantis  adorat : 
Palmam  inter  dominas  virtus  natalibus  sequat 
Nil  ibi  per  ludum  simulabitur :  omnia  fient 
^)25  Ad  verum,  quibus  incendi  jam  frigidus  sevo 
Laomedontiades  et  Nestoris  hernia  possit. 
Tunc  prurigo  moras  impatiens,  tunc  femina  simplex, 
Et  toto  pariter  repetitus  clamor  ab  antro : 
**  Jam  fas  est :  admitte  viros  !"    Jam  dormit  adulter, 
200  lUa  jubet  sumto  juvenem  properare  cucullo. 
Si  nihil  est,  servis  incurritur.     Abstuleris  spem 
Servorum,  veniet  conductus  aquarius.     Hie  si 


318.  •  Af  loflt  dances  in  tbeir  veins.'  325.  '  To  the  life/  R. 

cf.  ArisL  N.  1393.  ArisUen.  Ep.  ii.  5.  lUiut  ad  tactum  Pyliusjuveneteere  pot- 

Theocr.  tii.  37.  Call.  H.  in  Cer.  £R.  R.  sit,   Tithonusque  anuii  fariiar  esse  $uis ; 

319.  '  They  have  drunk  so  much,  that  Ov.  Am.  III.  vii.  41  sq.  Mart.  VI.  Ixxi. 
they  cannot  retain  the  liquor.'  GR^.  3  sq.  XL  Ix.  3  sq.  XIV.  cciii.-R. 

320.  '  Saufeia,  or  Laufella/  ix.  117.  *  Frozen  with  age*  opposed  to  '  warm 
n.  46.  Mart.  III.  Izzii.  a  matron,  chal-  youth  ;*  369.  K. 

lenges  the  common  prostitutes  {Unonis  326.  Priam,  son  of  Laomedon.  LU. 

puiUt ;  127.)  to  contend  with  her,  and,  Virg.  y£.  viii.  158.  i?. 

by  throwing  each  antagonist,  bears  off  Another   periohrasis  :     cf.    iv.    107. 

dM  prize  :  GB.M.  R.  which  was  a  gam-  *  The  ruptured  Nestor.'  G.  Ov.  M.  xii. 

■on  of  bacon.  VS.  Furea  Uvat  iUe  bteomi  PR,  pondus  Nestoris  ;  Plaut.  cf.  x.  205. 

mrdida  Urga  tuit  nigra  pendentia  tigno;  Cels.  iii.  24,  9.  v.  18.  Mart.  XI.  Ixxxiv. 

Or.  M.fiii.647sq.  cf.  vii.  119.xi.82.  5.  R. 

R.  RL  327.  '  The  woman  peeps  out  simple 

Panic  conma ' «  prize  being  proposed :'  and  undisguised.'  OR,  BRl. 

compmnprimummeruilaudeeorcnami  328.  'The     den;'     probably    some 

Viff.  JE.  T.  355.  with  tres  praimia  vaulted  cellar  in  which  their  gross  rites 

frimi  aeeipimt  JUuMqut  eajnti  neettntnr  were  carried  on.  R. 

•Htm  :  primus  s^utim  phaUris  insigntm  329.  These  words  are  addresfed  to  the 

tiettfr  hab§io:  308  sqq.  imitated  by  Silius  female  porter.  R. 

xvi.  300  sqq.  506.  vmms  JttiXm'  Hom.  II.  '  The  gallant  is  not  yet  up.' 

T  653.  740.    It  might  also  mean  *  her  330.  '  The  mistress  tells  her  maid  to  go 

ckaplet  beii^  laid  aside.'  R.  cf.  iii.  56.  and  bid  the  young  man  put  on  a  hood, 

322.  '  Extols  to  the  skies  the  graceful  and  come  without  delay.'  R.  cf.  1 18.  M. 
motion  of  the  wanton  Mednllina.'  Flue-  See  also  Tib.  I.  ix.  71.  quoted  at  v, 
tiM  b  a  metaphor  taken  from  the  billows  462. 

of  the  tea:    thus  mlirig  »MMr#w»  &y^  331.  *  If  nothing  of  the  kind  is  to  be 

mrmmSm^-  Find.  P.  iv.  16  sq.  found.'  LU,  Arist.  Th.  491  sq.  LI, 

323.  '  Manly  prowess  raises  the  victo-  *  They  fall  foul  of  slaves.'  cf.  v,  279. 
nous  lair  to  the  level  of  high-bom  dames.*  L  U. 

LU,  R.  332.  '  The  attendant  who  drew  water 

324.  <*  Nothing  is  feign'd  in  this  un-  to  fill  the  baths.'  This  class  pf  men  had 
eatoial  gaaie."  G.  got  a  bad  name  from  being  often  hired 


140 


THE  SATIRES 


8AT.  ▼!. 


Quffiritur  et  desunt  homines;  mora  nulla  per  ipsam. 
Quo  minus  imposilo  clunem  submittat  asello. 

335  Atque  utinam  ritus  veteres  et  publica  saltern 
His  intacta  malis  agerentur  sacra :  sed  omnes 
Noverunt  Mauri  atque  Indi,  quae  psaltria  penem 
Majorem,  quam  sunt  duo  Caesaris  Anticatones^ 
Illuc,  testiculi  sibi  conscius  unde  fugit  mus, 

340  Intulerit,  ubi  velari  pictura  jubetur, 


by  the  ladies  to  carry  letters  to  their 
sweethearts :  Festus.  HN,  The  persons 
employed  about  the  baths,  we  may  con- 
clude, would  not  be  very  attractive :  and 
the  office  itself  was  looked  upon  as  very 
degrading,  note  on  Her.  iii.  1 4. 

333.  '  There  would  be  no  hesitation 
on  her  part  to  follow  the  foul  example  of 
Pasiphae.'  xii.  Ill  twice.  R. 

335.  '  If  such  impurities  must  be, 
would  they  were  restricted  to  modern 
rites  and  private  occasions,  that  we  might 
avoid  the  scandal  which  now  arises  from 
them.*  VS. 

336.  '  It  is  known  all  over  the  world  :* 
omnibut  et  Uypis  notum  et  tontoribui  esse, 
*  to  be  known  all  over  the  city  ;*  Hor.  I 
S.  vii.  3.  R.  '  to  be  matter  of  public 
notoriety.'  ii.  58. 

337.  "  What  singing-wench  produced 
his  ware  Vast  as  two  Aoticatos."  G. 

This  was  Clodius ;  who,  when  a  very 
young  man,  had  an  intrigue  with  Pom- 
peia,  the  wife  of  Julius  Caesar.  As  the 
lady  was  narrowly  watched  by  her 
mother-in-law,  Aurelia,  they  had  few 
opportunities  of  meeting;  tnis  irritated 
their  impatience,  and  forced  them  upon 
an  expeoient,  as  flagitious  as  it  was  new. 
llie  mysteries  of  the  Bona  Dea  were  so 
respected  by  the  Romans,  that  none  but 
women  had  the  privilege  of  officiating  at 
them ;  every  male,  even  of  animals,  was 
driven  from  the  house,  and  every  statue, 
every  picture  of  the  masculine  kind  scru- 
pulously veiled.  Clodius  dressed  himself 
like  a  woman,  and  knocked  at  the  door 
of  Cffisar's  house,  where  the  mysteries 
were  then  celebrating.  One  of  Pompeia  s 
maids,  who  was  in  the  secret,  let  him  in  ; 
but  unluckily,  while  she  was  gone  to 
acquaint  her  mistress  with  his  arnval,  the 
impatient  Clodius  advanced  towards  the 
assembly.  On  the  way,  he  was  met  by 
another  domestic,  who,  taking  him  for 
one  of  her  own  sw,  began  to  toy  with 


him.  Clodius  was  confused  ;  which  the 
other  perceiving,  insbted  on  knowing  who 
and  what  he  was.  His  voice,  and  still 
more  his  agitation,  betrayed  him.  The 
women,  struck  with  horror  at  such  a  pro- 
fanation, covered  the  altar  and  the  imple- 
ments of  sacrifice  with  a  veil,  and  drove 
the  intruder  from  the  house.  Imme- 
diately after,  they  left  it  themselves,  and 
went  to  acquaint  their  husbands  with 
the  unprecedented  abomination.  Clodios 
was  instantly  accused,  and  would  have 
been  condemned ;  but  for  the  clandestine 
influence  of  Pompey  and  Cesar,  (of 
whom  he  was  a  necessary  tool,)  and  a 
species  of  bribery  almost  too  infanHmt 
for  belief,  though  asserted  as  a  foot  by 
Cicero.  G. 

338.  The  inference  is  that  Pompeia 
loved  Clodius,  because  he  was  more  than 
twice  the  man  that  Cassar  was.  Cesar 
had  not  only  seduced  Servilia,  the  sister 
of  Cato  and  mother  of  Brutus,  z.  319. 
but  had  written  two  books,  against 
Cicero's  work  entitled  *  Cato,'  which 
he  named  '  A  n  t  i  c  a  t  o.*  Suet.  56.  Pint. 
V.  C«s.  Opp.  t.  i.  p.  733.  c.  Gell.  iv. 
16.  Cic.  Att.  xii.  41.  ziii.  48.  Div.  ii.  9. 
Top.  94.  R. 

The  volumes  of  the  ancients  were  so 
called  from  their  cylindrical  form.  VS. 
GR.  PR,  There  is  also  an  insinuatioo 
that  Cesar's  honour  was  more  touched  by 
his  wife's  infidelity,  than  Cato's  was  dis- 
paraged by  all  the  obloquy  with  which 
Cesar  had  assailed  it.  Llf, 

339.  <  Rites  held  so  sacred  that  the 

{)resence  of  any  male  (were  it  the  very 
east  animal)  would  be  a  proftuiation,' 
VS. 

340.  StJtmotis  extra  conspectum  otnnibmt 
viriSf  ttt  picturae  quoquemaseulorum 
animalium  contegantur,  S[e.  Sen, 
£p.  97.  R.  Such  extreme  delicacy  it 
not  very  unlike  that  of  the  maiden  lady, 
who  carried  her  notions  of  propriety  so 


8JLrr.  n.  OF  JUVENAL.  141 

QiUBCumque  alterius  sexus  imitata  figuram  est. 
£t  quis  tunc  hominum  contemtor  numinis  ?  aut  quis 
SimpuTium  ridere  Numse  nigrumque  catinum 
Et  Vaticano  fragiles  de  monte  patellas 
^^15  Ausus  erat?  Sed  nunc  ad  quas  non  Clodius  aras? 

Audio»  quid  veteres  olim  moneatis  amici : 
<*  Pone  seram ;  cohibe."    Sed  quis  custodiet  ipsos 
Custodes  ?  Cauta  est  et  ab  illis  incipit  uxor. 
Jamque  eadem  summis  pariter  minimisque  libido, 
350  Nee  melior,  silicem  pedibus  quae  content  atrum, 
Quam  quae  longorum  vehitur  cervice  Syrorum. 

Ut  spectet  ludos,  conducit  Ogulnia  vestem, 
Conducit  comites,  sellam,  cervical,  arnicas, 


kt  at  nerer  to  allow  of  male  and  female  of  pottery ;  and  iti  name  was  derived  firom 

Mthon  occupying  the  lame  shelf  in  her  vatieinium:  Gell.  xvi.  17.  Fest  PR, 

library.  345.  **  Now  daring  Clodii  swarm  in 

341.  Qui$ ;  lee  note  on  iii.  49.  every  face."  G. 

'  Even  in  those  days,  bad  as  they  346. 'Old-fashioned  friends:* bnt 'the 

were,  gross profaneness  had  never  reached  times  are  long  gone  by,  when  such  pre- 

the  height  it  now  has.'  cf.  xiii.  53.  L(7.  cautions  would  have  been  of  avail.'  M. 

Javenal  is  always  Utidaior  temporU  aeti ;  Olim ;  iv.  96.  R. 

Uor.  A.  P.  173.  5CH.  Or  *  then*  may  347.  Appotitaterai  Ov.  Am.  III.  xiv. 

nkx  to  ^umidam,  288.  and  '  now/  3i5.  10.  H. 

to  uvme,  292*  H.  '  Restrain  her  by  surrounding  her  with 

343.  Smfmmum  from  timul  bib§r§,  spies  and  keepers/  after  the  Greek  cus- 

be^ose  '  all  the  priests  drank  from  it :'  torn.  PTR,  iv.  13.  Ar 

VS.  probably  the  same  as  timpuUum  or  348.  '  She  is  cunning :'   deeipit  ilia 

tmpubum  ;    vat   parvum,    non    diuimiU  euttodes  aut  are  domat ;  234  sq.  Tac.  A. 

ofMib*,  fiu»  vinum  in  saerifiHit  libabatur ;  xi.  35.  Ov.  Am.  III.  iv.  A.  A.  iii  61 1— 

fttIL  quo  vinum  dabant,  ut  minutatim  658.  Prop.  II.  vi.  37  sqq.  R. 

fnmdarant,  a guttit gut  turn  appellarunt ;  350.  '  The  poor  woman  who  tramps 

et  qua  nanAant  minutatim,  a  sumendo  afoot  over  the  muddy  pavements.'  L&. 

timpulum  neminavan:  inhujusce loeum  Prop.  II.  xxiii.  15.    Prud.  e,  Sym.  582. 

in  eonximis  e  Gngeia  $uceet$it  epichyiis  it  The  pavement  at  Rome  consisted  of  hard 

tffatkut,  tM  taerifieiit  nrnantit  guUum  et  lava.  W,  on  Lucr.  i.  316  sq.  R. 

timpulum ;  Varr.  L.  L.  iv.  26.  R.  in  fie-  351 .  '  Tall  Syrians :'  cf.  i.  64  sq.  PR. 

tHibus  proUbatuT  smpuviis  (or  timpullis)  ;  iii.  240.  M, 

Plin.  XXXV.  12  I  46.   Cic.  d$  Legg.  iii  352.  Ogulnia,  a  poor  but    ambitious 

36.     Paupertas  imperium  populo  Romano  matron,  whose  character  appears  no  bet- 

fmmdamt  a  primordio,  proque  eo  in  hodier-  ter  than  that  of  any  other  lady  of  those 

mm  diom  ditM  imnurtaUbus  timpuvio  et  days.  LU.  PR,  cf.  iii.  180 — 183.  R, 

tati$toJietHiMaerifieat',  Apul.  Ap.  p.  285,  *  In  order  to  appear  in  style,  she  is 

41.  PR,  obhged  to  hire  every  reauisite.'    ibid, 

*  Of  Numa/  who  was  the  founder  of  and  vii.  143.    It  is  mentioned  aj  cha- 
religioos  rites  at  Rome.    Flor.  i.  2.  PR.  racteristic  of  meanness :  fun  r^oHm  h^' 

•  The  dish  of  dark  earthen-ware.'  PR,  waifat,  aXXk  fnfttv^at  tU  rkt  I^/Imv* 
344.  '  Brittle,'  because  they  were  not  Theoph.  xxii.  CAS,  R, 

of  gold  or  silver.  JR.    in  Vatieauis  eon-  353.  Matrons  seldom  went  out  without 

dita  musta  eadis  ;  Mart.  I.  xix.  2.    The  '  a  large   retinue  of  waiting-women'  to 

Vatican  was  one  of  the  seven  hills,  which  accompany  them.  CAS, 

produced  clay  wed  in  the  manufacture  '  A  chair  and  cushion  /  i.  65.  in  which 


14«  THE  SATIRES  sat.  ^ 

Nuiricem,  el  flavam,  cui  det  xnandata,  puellam. 

355  Haec  tamen  argenti  superest  quodcumque  paterni 
Levibus  athletis  ac  yasa  novissima  donat. 
Multis  res  angusta  domi :  sed  nulla  pudorem 
Paupertatis  habet,  nee  se  metitur  ad  ilium, 
Quern  dedit  haec  posuitque  modum.  Tamen  utile  quid  s 

360  Prospiciunt  aliquando  viri ;  frigusque  fam^mque 
Formica  tandem  quidam  expavere  magistra. 
Prodiga  non  sentit  pereuntem  femina  censum 
Ac,  velut  exhausta  recidivus  pullulet  area 
Numus  et  e  pleno  semper  toUatur  acervo, 

365  Non  umquam  reputat,  quanti  sibi  gaudia  eonstent. 
Sunt,  quas  eunuchi  imbelles  ac  moUia  semper 
Oscula  deleetent  et  desperatio  barbas 
Et  quod  abortivo  non  est  opus.     Ilia  voluptas 
Summa  tamen,  quod  jam  ealida  matura  juventa 

she  was  carried  to  tbe  Circus,  and  in  formica  laborisi^e,  Uor.  I  S.i.33sqq.  i 

which  she  sat  while  there.  LI,  LU,  Prov.  vi.  6— »8. 

'  Female  clients:'  nee  Laeanicas  mihi  363.  They  act  as  if  the  money  ch* 

trahunt  houettae  jnirpurai  elienta§'f  was  like  Fortunatus*8  purse  in  the  stoi 

Hor.  11  Od.  xviii.  6  sq.  IL  FA, 

354.  *  A  nurse/  that  she  may  appear  "  As  if  the  gold,  with  vegetative  pow( 

to  have  a  family.  LU.  Would  bloom  afresh,  and  spring  fit 

'  A  yellow-haired  girl,  to  pass  for  her  hour  to  hour."    This  is  a  plain  dlosi 

confidante,'  PR.  and  to  attract  notice,  to  a  notion  very  generally  received  amoi 

(see  note  on  120.)  as  it  was  considered  a  the  ancients,  that  mines,  after  being  e 

beauty  to  have  such  hair  :  PhyUisJlava ;  hausted,  sometimes  reproduced  their  on 

Hor.  11  Od.  iv.  14. ^oa  CAioe;  IllOd.  G.     Recidiva   arbarum  sunt,  quct  al 

iz.  19.  M,  cf.  V.  115.  A  seetii  repuUulant;  Isidor.  SC.  Virg.  J 

366  sq.   Cf.  82  sqq.  M.    Mart  IV.  iv.  344.   Ov.  F.  iv.  45.   Sen.  Tro.  47 

xxviii.  R.    "  She  wastes  the  wreck  of  Claud.  Phce.  66.  H.  GRO.  R. 

her    paternal    store    On    smooth-faced  364.  Suave  est  ex  magna  toUere  aeer» 

wrestlers :  wastes  her  little  all.  And  strips  Hor.  1  S.  i.  51.  it. 

her  shivering  mansion  to  the  wall*"  G.  365.  '  Their  sensual  indulgences.'  P. 

356.  Lews',  iii.  111.  R.  Tib.  1.  v.  39.  &c.  R. 

Novistimus ;  xi.  42.  R.  366.  Cf.  i.  22.    aiunt  iUat  maxits 

357.  Pudor  paupertatis  (1)  '  a  dread  mulierum  amatores,  sed  nihil  potesse ;  T( 
of  the  disgrace  of  poverty,  especially  as  £un.  IV.  iii.  23  sq.  Maru  VI.  Ixi 
it  is  owing  to  her  own  folly  and  extra-  BRO.  MU.  JS,  Sunt  quas  deleetent :  < 
vagance.'  M.  R.  or  (2^  '  the   modest  Hor.  1  Od.  i.  3.  &c. 

frugality  which  is,  orshould  be,  attendant  '  Unwarlike,'  a  metaphor  derived  fro 

upon  poverty,'  FA,  M.  R.  or  (3)  '  a  fear  the  same  source  as  prcelia  ;  Virg.  G.  i 

or  being  ridiculed  for  the  notorious  dis-  98.     Hor.  I  Od.  vi.  17  sq.  VS.    Clan 

crepancy  between  her  means  and  her  in  Eutr.  ii.  271 — ^283.  R, 

expenses.'    BRL    FA.    paupertatis  'Soft'  i.  e.  'beardless:'  mtdlia  has 

pudor  et  fuga;  Hor.  I  £p.  xviii.  24.  are  opposed  to  </uro ore  j  Mart.  XI.  xx 

R,  1  sq.  k. 

358.  Cf.  xi.  35  sqq.  R.  368.  Cf.  ii.  32.  R. 

359.  Mensura  eensus  ;  xiv.  316.  R.  369.  Domitian,  merely  out  of  oppositic 

360.  Parvula  (nam  extmplo  •sC)  magni  to  his  brother  IHtus,  prohibited  the  makii 


SAT.  Ti.  OF  JUVENAL,  143 

d70  Ingmna  traduntur  medicis,  jam  peotine  nigro. 
Ergo  spectatos  ac  jussos  crescere  primum 
Testiculos,  postquam  coeperunt  esse  bilibres, 
Tonsoris  datnno  tantum  rapit  Heliodorus. 
CoDspicuus  longe  cunctisque  notabilis  intrat 

^^5  Balnea,  nee  dubie  custodem  vitis  et  horti 

ProYOcat,  a  domina  factus  spado.     Dormiat  ille 
Cum  domina :  sed  tu  jam  durum,  Postume,  jamque 
Tondendum  eunucbo  Bromium  committere  noli. 
Si  gaudet  cantu ;  nullius  fibula  durat 
^^  Vocem  vendentis  praetoribus :  organa  semper 
In  manibus :  densi  radiant  testudine  tota 
Sardonyches :  crispo  numerantur  peotine  chordae, 

ofeunachs,  and  was  followed  in  this  by  commentators  agreed;  therefore  it  is  need- 
other  emperors.   Soet.  Dom.  7.  Mart,  less  to  enquire. 
VI.  ii.  IX.  Tii.  iz.  Sut.  Ill  S.  iv.  53_  379.  Uxor  is  understood.  LU. 
80.    IV  S.  iii.  13  sqq.    Xiph.  Ixvii.  2.  '  No  sioger,  but  what  she  completely 
Philost.  V.  Ap.  vi.  17.    Phot  Bibl.  p.  tires  out  by  her  unconscionable  demancb 
6091  Amm.  Marc,  xriii.  4  80.  R,  upon  his  vocal  powers.'    There  is  here 

370.   'Complete  adults,  lo  glowing  a  double  periphrasis :  (\)  vocem  venden" 

TDath,  (325.  JR.)  with  every  ugn  of  man-  tu  prtetoribui  for  eantorU ;  (as  suafunera 

Bood.'  M.  ceUi  Praetorii  vender§  ludit,  viii. 

Mtdkis  '  to  the  surgeons  who  are  to  192. 194.  means  '  to  become  gladiators;' 

perform  the  operation.'  LU,  R.)  because  the  Prstor,  who  exhibited 

371  sqq.  "  When  every  part*8  to  full  the  games,  hired  the  performers:   and 

pcrfectiDa  rear*d.  And  nought  of  man-  (2)Jibula  (73.  PR.)  cantoris  for  cantor, 

kood  wanting,  but  the  beanL'^G.    There-  BRL  LU,    The  object  of  infibulation 

fore  tbe  barber  is  the  only  (i.  136.  VA,)  was  frustrated  by  their  singing  in  private 

loser:   LU.  as  the  shoemaker  was  the  till  they  were  hoarse,  to  please  the  ladies. 

ody  sufferer  by  the  Socratic  philosophers  M, 

going  barefoot ;  Arist.  N.  104.  HN,  380.  '  Musical  instruments.'  LU, 

373.  Heliodarut  is  '  the  surgeon.'  VS.  381.  On  the  invention  of  the  lyre  by 
PaoL  ^gin.  iv.  49.  R,  Mercury,  see  Hor.  I  Od.  z.  6.  Ill  Od. 

374.  Ingau  semtvtr ;  512  sq.  grandu  xi.  3.  R,  Of  Phoebus  it  is  said,  instruc 
GaUi;  Pers.  v.  186.  R,  tarn  fidem   gemmit    et  dentWut  Indit 

375.  The  baths  were  the  scene  of  tuttinet  a  iteva ;  tenuit  manus  altera  plea- 
Duch  vrickedoess.  ix.  35.  xi.  156.  Mart  trum  ;  Ov.  M.  ii.  167.  M.  Some  under- 
I.  zcvii.  1 1  sqq.  R,  stand  '  the  sparkling  of  the  jewels  in  the 

'  He  challenges,  without    hesitation,  rings  of  the  fair  amateur.'  LU. 

Priapu  himself/  ii.  95.  PR.  Antip.  £p.  382.  *  The  sardonyx;'  Pen.  i.  16.  PR, 

hr.  in  Br.  An.  t.  ii.  p.  7.    Tib.  I.  v.  27.  cf.  xiii.  138  sq.  R.  a  gem  of  the  colour 

HI".  Cat.  ziz.  15.  Diodor.  iv.  6.  R,  of  the  human  nail.  M. 

376.  Domina;  30.  R.  Crispo   is   to    be  taken    transitively, 
378.   Bromiui,  a  favourite  youth  of  '  causing  vibrations.'   VS.     It  is  more 

Uradins,  named  perhaps  after  Bacchus  commonly  neuter,  as  lingua  bisulca  JaC' 

from  his  beauty.  LU.    The  origin  of  the  turn  crispum  ;  Pacuv.  in  Nonn.  crit- 

epithetmaybefoundin  Ov.M.iii.288sqq.  pum  movere  latus  ;  Virg.  Cop.  2.  M,  i, 

Committere  noli  *  do  not  allow  this  lad  313.  it. 

to  enter  the  lists  with  the  eunuch.*     See  '  The  quill'  was  made  of  ivory.  VS. 

note  on  L  163.  R.  In  what  way,  or  why,  obloquitur  numeris  teptem  discrimina 

atilher  does  Jovenal  say  nor  are  the  vocum,  jamque  eadem  digitis,  jam  pee- 


144  THE  SATIRES  8/ 

Quo  tener  Hedymeles  operas  dedit:  hunc  tenet,  h< 
Solatur  gratoque  indulget  basia  plectro. 

385  Queedam  de  nutnero  Lamiarum  ac  nominis  alti 
Cum  farre  et  vino  Janum  Vestamque  rogabat, 
An  Capitolinam  deberet  Pollio  quercum 
Sperare  et  fidibus  promittere.     Quid  faceret  plus 
^grotante  viro  ?  medicis  quid  tristibus  erga 

390  Filiolum  ?    Stetit  ante  aram,  nee  turpe  putavit 
Pro  cithara  velare  caput ;  dictataque  verba 
Pertulit,  ut  mos  est,  et  aperta  palluit  agna. 

tint^at  <6unio ;  Virg.  JE.  yi. 646  fq.  86.  Mart.  IV.  i.  6.  VIII.  Ixzjul 

M.  iv.  8.  zli.  i.  R, 

*  Are  run  over  in  order.'  M.  lAJ,  Pollio  was  an  eminent  mosici 

383.  Tener \  •  soft;'  LU,   i.  22.  xii.  vii.  179.  Mart  IV.  Ixi.  9.  R. 
39.  R,  389.  Triitibui  not  only  means 

Hedymtles  (iiiy  *  sweet*  ^X«f '  melody')  doctors  shook  their  heads  and  gs 

the  fictitious  name  of  her  fafourite  harper,  their  patient;'  M.   but  also  thi 

LU.  physicians  would  show  more  feeli 

384.  *  She  consoles  herself  in  his  ab*  the  unnatural  mother.'  R. 
sence'  or,  perhaps, '  when  he  is  no  more.'        390.  This  description  of  the  i 
SCH.  cava  solans  agrum  tettudin§  consulting  the  aruspex  (u,  121.] 
amorgm;  Virg.  G.  i?.  464.  minute  and  accurate.     Plinj  a 

'  Dear*  for  its  former  owner's  sake,  the  stated  forms  of  prayer  were  c 

SCH.  with  the  most  scrupulous  exactn 

385.  '  The  Lamian  family'  was  men-  that  a  monitor  (probably  a  mino 
tioned,  iv.  164.  LU,  stood  by  the  suppliant  to  prev 

'  High' t.  e. '  noble ;'  viiL  40. 13 1 .  R.  slightest  aberration,  xxviii.  2.  V.  1 

Ov.  F.  iv.  305.  H.  cf.  607.  TertuUian  finely  contrasts  the  pra 

386.  "  With  the  usual  offerings,  meal  the  Christians  with  those  of  the 
and  wine.*'  G.  ix.  122.  PR,  note  on  adversaries:  illuc  tuspieienUt  CI 
tifXmi'  Her.  i.  160.  manibus  expansiSf  qtiia  innoct 

Jantts  and   Vesta  were  very  ancient  pite  nudo,  quia  nmi  erubescimue ; 

Roman  deities.  LU.    quum  in  omnibtu  tine  monitor e^  quia  de  pectcre 

rebui  vim    habeant  maximam    prima  et  It  was  the  custom  first  to  touch  tl 

extrema,  principem  in  sacrificando  Janum  Sil.  iii.  82.  standing  before  it  i 

esse  voluenint :  ....  Vesta  vis  ad  aras  et  head  veiled,  to  prevent  interrupti 

fieos  pertinet ;  itaque  in  ea  dea^  qua  est  any  ill  omen ;  Mart.  XII.  Uxi 

rerum  cuttos  intimarum,  omnis  et  precatio  Virg.  i£.  iii.  405  sqq.  Plut.  Q.  I 

ct.flocrt/icafM  extrema  est ;  Cic.  N.  D.  ii.  13.  Macr.  S.  i.  8.  iii.  6.  then  t 

67.  cf.  Dion.  H.  ii.  PR.    As  to  Janus  round  to  the  right  in  a  cii^le,  an( 

cf.  393.  Ov.  F.  i.  172  sqq.  Macr.  S.  i.  9.  fall   down  and    perform  adoni) 

and  on  Vesta,  Pans.  v.  14.  R.    Call.  H.  kissing  the  hand.  Suet.  Vit.  2. 

M  Cer.  129.  SP.  R. 

387.  '  The  Capitolme  oak'  t.  e.  the  391.  '  A  harn'  for '  a  harper, 
crown  awarded  to  the  victorious  com-  392.  '  Went  through  ;'p«n|pl; 
petitor  for  the  musical  prize  in  the  Capi-  R.  or  '  put  up.'  VS.  Plin.  zvui.  ^ 
toline  games.  This  festival  was  cele-  "  And  trembled,  and  tum'd 
brated  every  fifth  vear,  in  honour  of  Jove,  he  explored  The  entiB-ils,  breatl 
and  was  instituted  by  Domitian.  VS.LU.  the  fatal  word."  G.  cf.  Plin.  x 
Tarpeias  quercus;  Mart  IV.  liv.  1  sq.  Liv.  Cic.  Div.  i.  16.  ii.  29.  2 
JS,  Suet.  4.  and  Scbol.  Gell.  v.  5.  pecudum  reelusis  peetoribus  inku 
Plin.  zvi.  4.  PR.  There  were  also  prizes  rantia  eontulit  exta ;  Virg.  JE.  ii 
for  hone-rtcing  and  gymniitki:  ct.  vii.  R. 


«Ax.  VI.  OF  JUVENAL.  145 

Die  mihi  nunc,  quaeso,  die^  antiquissime  Divum, 

Respondes  his,  Jane  pater?    Magna  otia  coeli : 
995  Non  est,  ut  video,  non  est,  quod  agatur  apud  vos. 

H«c  de  comcedis  te  consulit;  ilia  tragoedum 

Commendare  volet:  varicosus  fiet  haruspex. 
Sed  cantet  potius,  qu^m  totam  pervolet  urbem 

Audax  et  ocetus  possit  quam  ferre  virorum 
^OO  Cumque  paludads  ducibus  prsesente  marito 

Ipsa  loqui  recta  facie  strictisque  mamillis. 

H«c  eadem  novit,  quid  toto  fiat  in  orbe ; 

Quid  Seres,  quid  Thraces  agant :  secreta  novercae 

Et  pueri :  quis  amet,  quis  diripiatur  adulter. 
405  IXcet,  quis  viduam  prasgnantem  fecerit  et  quo 

Mense,  quibus  vetbis  concumbat  quseque,  modis  quot. 

393.  Hera  the  poet  indignantly  apo-  welcome  ere  it  comes;  And  wide  unclasp 
itrapUm  the  god.  VS.  of.  u.  126—132.  the  tables  of  their  thoughts  To  every 
B,  ticklish  reader :  set  them  down  For  slut- 

394.  '  Father'  was  a  title  of  reverence  tish  spoils  of  opportunity  And  daughters 
■ed  towards  deities  in  general,  but  to  of  the  game;"  Shaksp.  Tro.  and  Cress. 
Jaaot  in  particular.  BR.  Macr.  S.  i.  9.  IV.  v.  G. 

PR,  m\  Eic.  V.  on  Virg.  M.  vii.  cf.  400.  '  With  generals  in  full  uniform.' 

im.  81.  Virg.  M*  i.  155.  V.  Flacc  i.  U.  M,    The  paludamentum  was  the  military 

FstroB.  41.  R.  robe  of  commanders  when  they  went  to 

'  Thera  most  be  many  idle  hours  in  put  themselves   at   the  head  of   their 

heavcD.'    Juvenal  here,  as  elsewhere,  troops.  LU, 

ralai  the  popular  mythology ;   DO,  401. '  Looking  them  right  in  the  face/ 

•  at  the  tame  time,  the  Epicurean  t.  e,  'boldly;'  z.  189.  BY,  on  Hor.  I 

OB  of  tbo  qnietcent  leisure  of  the  Od.  iii.  18.  A. 

gods;  Lncr.  vi. 57.  Hor.  I  S.  v.  101  sqq.  StrietU  *  exposed  from  the  dress  being 

StB.  Boo.  iv,  4.  D.  Laert.  z.  77.   but  tightly  laced  round   the    body.'    BRI. 

iMinwileethattbey  had  better  not  meddle  Lucian.  Am.  41.    Mart.    XIV.    Izvi. 

at  all  witk  human  affairs,  than  concern  czxziv.  I.  Cat.  Iziv.  65.  R,  Ov.  A.  A. 

thaanolves  aboot  snch  indecent  follies  as  iii.  274.  H. 

vera  DOW  refsrred  to  them.  R,  402.  Id  quod  in  aurem  rex  regina 

997.    'The  soothsayer  will  find  his  dixerit;  iciunt,  quod  Juno fabulaia  cum 

kfs  swdl,  fnm  being  kept  standing  so  Jove ;  qua  nequefutura  neque  facta  tunt, 

CBMtantly.'     Vantoma  denotes  '  having  tamen  teiunt  \  Plant.  Trin.  I.  ri.  168  sqq. 

tkt  vcint  twoDeii.'  Hippocr.  Aph.  vi.  21.  CilN.  Theoph.  Ch.  8.  Theocr.  XV.  64. 

IM.  Pen.  V.  189.  PR.  Plant.  Epid.  V.  Mart  IX.  zzzvi.  R. 

S.5.  GRO.  Cels.  vii.  8.  17.  31.    Paul.  403.  Seret.  Ammian.  zziii.^n.   PA. 

Sjgm  vi.  82.    Avicenn.  often.    Cieero,  See  note  on  ii.  66. 

(QainL  XL  iiL   143.    Macr.  8.  ii.  5.  Thracot   '  the   people   of   Romania.' 

SdoB.  En.  V.  6.)    Manus,  (Cic.  T.  Q.  PR. 

n.  15.    Plat.  V.  Mar.  pr.  Plio.  zi.  45  s  '  The  clandestine  amours.'  PR. 

104.)  and  many  others  suffered  from  this  404.  '  Her  youn^  step-son.'  LU. 

Ciiso.  R.  Ov.  A.  A.  iii.  304.  H.  '  What  gallant  is  in  high  request,  so 

396.  '  She  had  better  be  musical,  than  as  to  be  the  bone  of  contention  arooog  the 

be  MiHrM  to  gadding  and  gossiping.'  ladies.'  Mart.  VII.  Ixxv.  I.  Sen.  Br.  V. 

PR.  7.  de  Ira.  iii.  23.  RB.  CfU/E.    Stat.  Th. 

399.   "  Oh  these  Encounterers!  v.  722.  V.  S.  iii.  129.  R, 

IS  glib  of  toogue*  They  give  a  coasting  406.   Juvenal    seems   to    have    had 

U 


I  .' 


146  .  THE  SATIRES  sat.vi. 

Instantem  regi  Armenio  Parthoque  cometen 
Prima  videt;  famam  rumoresque  ilia  recentes 
Excipit  ad  portas :  quosdam  facit.     Isse  Niphatem 

410  In  populos  magnoque  illic  cuncta  arva  teneri 
Diluvio,  nutare  urbes,  subsidere  terras, 
Quocumque  in  trivio,  cuicumque  est  obvia,  narrat 

Nee  tamen  id  vitium  magis  intolerabiie,  quam  quod 
Vicinos  humiles  rapere  et  concidere  loris 

415  Exorata  solet.     Nam  si  latratibus  aiti 

Rumpuntur  somni ;  "  Fustes  hue  ocius"  inquit 
"  Afferte  !"  atque  illis  dominum  jubet  ante  fcriri, 

before  his  eyes,  Ov.  Am.  II.  viii.  27  8q.  whom  he  introduces  oonfouDdiog  wbit 

R,  she  had  heard  and  fabrication  what  the 

<  Whether  she  talks  Latin  or  Greek.'  had  not.  R.  G.  cf.  Theoph.  Ch.  8.  CAS, 

191.  GRJE.  195.  PR,  408.  •  Fame/  what  is  generally  and 

407.  Mutanttm  regna  eometen;   Luc.  confidently  reported; 'rumoar/ what  can 

i.  529  &c.  LU.  magnum  terrU  adstare  be  traced  to  no  authority,  but  originalet 

cometem\  Id.  VS,  comet  as,  Graci  vo-  in  mischief  and  is  propagated  bj  cre- 

cant,  nostra  erinitas;    horrentes  erine  dulity.  Quint.  1.  O.  ▼.  2.  R. 

tanguineo   et  comarum  modo  in  vertiee  409.  £j:ctpi<' catches  by  lying  in  wait/ 

hispidat;  jfr.  Plin.  ii.  25  sq.  Stella  cru  (Liv.  ii.  4.  z1.  7.)   R.    *  intercepts,'  G. 

nit  a,    quce  tummis  potestatibus  eiitium  putting  the  question  /•«  rt  luuwiw  ^  to  every 

portendere  vulgo  putatuVf  ^e.    Suet  Ner.  one  who  arnves  from  abroad.  LU,  [Livy 

36.  CI.  46.  Cic.  N.  D.  u.  5  s,  14.  Sen.  xxii,  12,  7.  ED.] 

N.  Q.  viL    Plut.  de  PI.  Phil.  iii.  2.  PR.  Ire  is  applied  to  the  fierce  attack  of  an 

Tac.  A.  xiy.  22.  xv.  47.  Virg.  G.  i.  488.  enemy  ;    Virg.  M,  ix.  424.    O?.  F.  ▼. 

V.  Flac.  V.  367. 370  sq.  R.  Sil.  viii.  638.  713.  R, 

Armenia,  the  kingdom  of  Tigranes  the  Niphates,  Hon  II  Od.  ix.20.  Virg.  G. 

ally  of  Mithridates,  and  Parthia,  Pers.  iii.  30.  is  properly  a  mountain  of  Armenia, 

V.  4.  were  countries  in  the  vicinity  of  part  of  the  1  aunc  chain,  from  which  the 

Mount  Taurus.  PR.  Tigris  takes  its  rise.    Plin.  v.  27.    The 

Trajan  undertook  an  expedition  against  geographers  do  not  notice  aoy  river  of 

the Parthians  and  Armenians;  and,  about  this  name :  that  which  the  poets  mentim 

the  same  time,  an  earthquake  occurred  (Luc.  iii.  245.  Sil.  xiii.  765.)  is  perhaps 

at  Antioch  and  the  vicinity,  in  which  merely  the  Tigris  in  the  early  put  of  lU 

roonntains  subsided  and  rivers  burst  out.  course.  R.  G. 

D.  Cass.  Ixviii.  24  .sqq.    Xiph.  Izviii.  411.  '  Sink  down.'  cf.  Tac.  A.  ii.  479 

17—23.  LI.  LU.    But  if  this  satire  was  3.  R.  Plin.  ii.  69  sq.  PR, 

written  before  Trajan's  reign,  we  should  412.  '  The  places  where  three  ways 

rather  understand  our  author  to  be  speak-  met,' '  places  of  public  resort'  M. 

ing  of  what    occurred    in   Vespasian's  414.  '  To  have  her  poor  neighboon 

reign  :    ne  in  metu  quidem  ae  pericuh  taken  up  and  cut  to  pieces.'  LU. 

mortis  extremo  abstinuit  jocis:  nam  quum  415.  '  After  listening  to  their  prayera 

inter  prodigia  cetera  mausoleum  Casarum  and  entreaties ;'  had  it  not  been  for  which, 

derepente  patuisset  et  Stella  in  calo  cri-  she  would  have  had   them  flogged  to 

nit  a    apjfOTuiiset 'f    aUerum    ad  Juliam  death.  LU.    In  this  and  the  foUowiiig 

Calvinam,  e  gente  Augusti,  pertinere  Jt-  lines  Juvenal  is  probably  alluding  to  some 

cebat,  alterum  ad  Parthorum  regem,  qui  recent  and  well-known  transaction.  R. 

eapillatus  esset'y  Suet.  23.  (Both  the  From  her  '  sound  slumbers*  we  may 

Armenians  and  the  Parthians  wore  their  infer  that  she  was  not  an  invalid,  to  as  to 

hair  very  long.  HN.)  After  all,  perhaps,  be  seriously  disturbed  '  by  the  barking  of 

Juvenal  is  but  amusing  himself  with  the  the  dog.' 

ignorance    of   this    tittle-tattle-monger,  417.  '  The  owner  of  the  dog,' Z.C^. 


iiT.vi.  OF  JUVENAL.  147 

Deinde  canem.     Gravis  occursu,  teterrima  vultu 

Balnea  nocte  subit ;  conchas  et  castra  moveri 
420  Nocte  jubet ;  magno  gaudet  sudare  tumultu, 

Quum  lassata  gravi  ceciderunt  brachia  massa, 

Callidus  et  cristas  digitos  inipressit  aliptes 

Ac  summum  dominaB  femur  exclamare  coegit. 

Convivae  miseri  interea  somnoque  fameque 
425  Urguentur.     Tandem  ilia  venit  rubicundula,  totum 

CEnophorum  sitiens,  plena  quod  tenditur  uma 

Admotum  pedibus,  de  quo  sextarius  alter 

418.  Am  mMufieilUi   Viig.   JE.  iii.  Id.  Lexiph,  5.  Mart  VII.  Ixvi.  6.  XIV. 
621.  VS,  xlix.  Sen.  Kp.  58.  Arist.  de  Anim.  Idc.  3. 

419.  CSpNcftdS;   lee  note  on  304.    M.  Probl.v.  8.  Paus.  £liac.i.268q.  Mercur. 
It  wovld  appear  from  the  following  ep-  de  Art.  Gymn.  ii.  12.  R, 

nam  to  bave  been  a  vessel  to  bathe  io»  422.  *  So  sly  as  to  know  how  far  he 

nrmed  in  tba  shape  of  a  shell :  transferat  might  venture  without  offence.'  LU. 

kme  &fmidatfimUt  Helieonia  Naitetpatulo  *  The  auointer  (iii.  76.  Ter.  Eun.  III. 

r  dimiiM  etrbe  Jiuai :   namque  latex,  y.  29  sqq.  Claud,  in  £utr.  i.  106  sq.  K.) 

fui  Uverii  ara  Serena,  uUra  Pega-  has  nibbed  in  the  oil  on  every  part  of 


jMi  munfis  kmUbU  mquat ;  Claud.  ▼.  B.  her  body.' 

d  Colom.  liL  5.  60.  Caio  R.  R.  13.  423.  '  And  produces  a  souod  by  ap- 

66.  Rm  plying  it  to  her  flesh  smartly  with  his  hol- 

Cmttrm  aMotri;    a  militaiy  metaphor,  low  hand.' FJ.  See  Seneca  quoted  above. 


LU.  as  ia273  aqq. '  the  camp  eauipage :'  PR.    uneti    verbere    vapuiat    magistri ; 

K.    fnm    the  ^oade  with  wnich  she  Mart.  VII.  Izvi.  8.  R. 

moTce.  PR,  Exclamare  intimates  that  if  the  lady 

BmUum ;  aee  note  on  i.  49.  M.  i.  143.  had  proper  feelings  of  delicacy,  she  her- 

Befora  Iba  dynasty  of  the  emperors,  the  self  would  have  *  cried  out/  when  the 

toM  for  a  batb  wis  the  ninth  hour,  and  fellow  presumed  to  take  such  liberties. 

tbe  l«ii&  hov  wis  sapper-time.    After-  VS. 

wards,  bowcvar,  tbe  time  of  bathing  was,  424.  '  All   this  while    she  has  been 

ia  s«BiBier,diattged  to  the  eighth  hour,  keeping  a  party  waiting,  who  were  en- 

xi.204  s(|q.  Tic.  A.  ziy.  2.  LI.  Exerc.  PI.  gaged  to  sup  at  her  house.'  LU. 

648,  SAm  Spirt.  Hadr.  22.  Lampr.  Sev.  425.  '  Glowing  from  her  exercise  at 

24.   Plia.   £p.  m.   1.    8.    Vitr.  v.   10.  the   bath.'   LU.  cf.  Mart.  III.  li.  VII. 

Artanid.  Ooeir.  i.  66.  Mart  III.  xxxvi.  xxxiv.  XI.  xlviii.     Plut.  CaL  Maj.  22. 

IV.  viii.  VIL  1.  X.  xhriii.  1  sqq.  Ixx.  13.  Xiph.  Hadr.  Spartian.  R. 

XI.lnLil.  426.    Mart.   VIl.    Ixvi.    9    sqq.    A. 

420.  Tbere  wis  a  small  room  con-  *  Thirsting    for  whole    flagons.'      They 

aected  with  tbe  bath,  where  they  excited  used  to  drink  off  a  large  quantity  of  wine 

pertpiimtioD  by  Tiolcnt  exercise  previously  at  one  draught,  that   it  might  operate 

tobitbin|^i£  as  an  emetic.  429.   Cic.  for   Deiot.  7. 

421. '  Tbe  dumb  bells.'  Sen.  Ep.  57.  wmuntt  ut  edant ;  edunt  ut  vomant;  Sen. 

LU.  mfrm  Mngum  habito:  cumfortioret  Helv.  9.  extr.  LU.  Cels.  i.  3.  Ath.  xv.  1. 

eimemUmr  <l  wumut  plumbo graves  jactant.  Mart.  V.  Ixxix.  16  sqq.  VII.  Ixvi.  10. 

gemituMamSo,aMdioeTepUumillUm  manut  Parrh.  Ep.  36.  R.  Suet.  Aug.  77.  ER. 

SaoMrw,  flue,  frout  plana  pervenit  out  Id.  Vit.  13.  CAS.  xiii.  216.  iv.  67.  Mart. 

«niMM,  iu  SPRUM  mutat',  Id.  56.     sunt  XII.  Ixxxiii.  3f. 

exerekatiomu  et  fmdles  et  breves,  qute  ear-  Tenditur  *  is  filled.'  OR.  v.  80,  note. 

piu  time  flMTs  Uxent  [lassent  X]  ;  eursus  et  The  uma  was  a  wine  measure  holding 

cum  pmtdere  tUiquo  manus  mota  et  saltus,  somewhat  more  than  three  gallons  and  a 

are.  Id.  15.  PR.  LI.  ix^ii^t  (uXufiifrnt  half.  GR. 

Xu^lt^X^iuf  Loc.  de  Gymn.  i  ti  ftskufi-  427.  It  was  '  put  at  her  feet,'  because 

3wM#  ;t'y^^  ^fmy}ii9  %x^9  l^^u^^fiiXu  it  was  too  large  to  be  set  on  the  table.  R. 


148  THE  SATIRES  sat.  vi. 

Ducitur  ante  cibum,  rabidam  facturos  orexim. 
Dum  redit  et  loto  terrain  ferit  intestino, 

430  Marmoribus  rivi  properant  aut  lata  Falemum 

Pelvis  olet :  nam  sic,  tainquam  alta  in  dolia  loiigus 
Deciderit  serpens,  bibit  et  vomit.    Ergo  maritus 
Nauseat  atque  oculis  biiem  substringit  opertis. 
Ilia  tamen  gravior,  quae,  quum  discumbere  coepit, 

435  Laudat  Virgilium,  periturae  ignoscit  Elissie, 
Committit  vates  et  comparat;  inde  Maronem 

'A  second  pint'  Mart.  VI.  Izxiz.  LU.  Xut  Ifnhrmi  »«}  rf  P^^f  «'«^«^M«r) 

Atone  time,  to  drink  wine  was  considered  tw  yd^  rt  mmi  rtSrt  rSip  Akamw  MiXAjHnr* 

a  heinous  offence  in  a  woman.     The  mdrm  mvrmt  hutT.  At  Xiynrat.  it  «^^' 

Italian  women  were  generally  abstemi-  nvftLinu  rl  tWt  »mi  ftiJw^,  umk  ««n«rw 

ous ;   the  women  of  Greece  were  the  f^futra  §v  wX»  rnt  SAcfMv  AflnKwrs- 

reverse.  300  sqq.  Ath.  z.  1 1.  Plin.  ziv.  mmi  Itk   In    rmvrm  purimn^   umi  mSnu 

13.  R,  wt^taytrm  ^•^at  m)  y^ppmruu^  mU 

428. '  Is  tossed  off.'  VS,  zii.  9.  Hor.  I  ^iX«r«^pf .    iM^rm    7F    mvrm    wvium 

Od.  z?ii.  22.  IV  Od.  zii.  14.     trahUur  llr»$  furadSJv  mtefa^vfurfm  »mi  rkt  ndftrnt  9^^• 

and  txuirm  are  the  same.  R,  cXim/mnu.  (4B3.)  h  ^a^k  ri  iurfn'  4U- 

'  A    ravenous    appetite:'     LU,  rabit$  x«n  yk^  §l»  iyvrt  r;^«Xi(r*  w»kXAuH  ^ 

edendi ;  Virg.  JE,  iz.  63  sq.  R,  mk)  futratHh  rtS  ^Xwi^v  r)  lft^mv««  h 

429.  '  After  rinsing  her  stomach,  the  i^^a  w^trtXitirm  &^%  irm^  rtiS  futx*9 
wine  returns  and  falls  in  a  cascade  on  y^mfifUri§r  m  Ik  wtfi  #«f#«r^HW  U«7mi 
the  floor.'  PR,  turn  minut  pervigUant,  xiyt  IfTtUt  w%^^i—nr%9t  irr'  Ay  UJmi 
non  minus  potantt  tt  oUo  ft  mero  viros  pro-  Avrty^my^m^a  r!f  fuixv  itrm9m\df»f  vWr 
voeant ;  atque  invitU  ingssta  viieeribut  ptr  rhf  mx^im^n*  Luc.  r.  r.  I.  fu^i.  0fn  o6. 
(t»  reddunt  et  vinum  omne  vomitu  renu'  cf.  233  sqq.  and  Moliere  in  '  Iff  Femwtm 
tiuntur ;  Sen.  Heh.  9.  G.  Lucian.  Tim.  iavantes.*  R, 

45.  R,  *  To  take  their  places  at  Uble.'  L(7. 

430.  '  Rivers  gush  over  the  marble  Pers.  i.  30  sq.  PR.  At  their  tntertaia* 
pavement  of  the  saloon.'  LU,  zi.  173.  ments,  and  especially  between  the  coami^ 
natabant  ftavimenta  mero,  madebant  pa-  it  was  the  fashion,  in  imitation  of  the 
rietet ;  Cic.  Phil.  ii.  41.  heresmero  tinguet  Greeks,  to  discuss  literary  topics.  448  iqq* 
pavimentum  superbun$  pontificum  potiare  xi.  177  sqq.  Petr.  55.  59.  R,  fVO,  oil 
caenit ;  Hor.  II  Od.  ziv.26 sqq.  A. see  H&fiz  Plat.  Symp.  iv.  1 . 

in  Sir  W.  Jones's  Pers.  Gram.  p.  37.  435.  '  Vindicates  the  poet  for  his  hav- 

431.  PelvU',  iii.  277.  ing  made  Dido  (called  Elissa;   JE.  !▼• 

432.  Serpents  are  said  to  be  ver^  food  335.  Ov.  Her.  vii.  193.  H.)  fall  by  her 
of  wine.  Plin.  vii.  z.  72  i  93.  zzii.  23.  own  hand.'  Or « justifies  the  aueen  for 
Arist.  H.  A.  viii.  8.  £,  prov.  III.  z.  98.  having  destroyed  herself,  considering  all 
LU,  R,  the  circumstances  of  the  case.'    Augiial» 

433.  "  The  husband  turns  his  head,  Conf.  i.  13  sq.  Suet.  Ner.  31.  Anioiu 
Sick  to  the  soul,  from  this  disgusting  £pig.  czviii.  PR,  HY,  £xc.  I.  on  Virg. 
scene,  And  struggles  to  suppress  his  rising  JE.  iv.  R, 

spleen."  G.  Claudian  tells  his  royal  patrooeasSereoa, 

434.  In  this  psssage  Messalina  is  who  was  another  of  these  blue-stocking 
glanced  at,  who,  after  the  assassination  of  dames,  Pieriut  iabcr  el  veterum  tibi  ear" 
Nero  her  fifth  husband,  followed  up  the  mitia  vatum  ludut  erant :  qua  Smyrna 
study  of  rhetoric  so  as  to  be  able  to  dedit,  quos  Mantua,  lihrot  ptrcurTtm» 
declaim  with  great  fluency :  VS,  but  see  damnat  Helenam  nee  parcie  juime  ;  L« 
note  on  448.  Ser.  Reg.  146—148. 

a;  )j^  tZv  ywaJzit  (»m)  yk^  mZ  nmi  t»1%        436.  Cmrnitierei  378.  R.  i.  16S.  M. 
v^i  rwv  ywHunm  rwtwSi^iTMi,  r%  i7mm        **  Adjusts  her  scales.  And  accumtoly 
rtft  »yrmt  wtwmtitejfuuyf ,  fu^»¥  vrtvt-    weighs,  which  bard  ptevails."  G,  Amom 


«^T.  VI.  OF  JUVENAL.  149 

Atque  alia  parte  in  trutina  suspendit  Homerum* 
CeduDt  grammatici,  vincuntur  rhetores,  omnis 
Turba  tacet;  nee  causidicus  nee  prseco  ioquatur, 
440  Altera  nee  mulier :  verborum  tanta  cadit  vis, 
Tot  pariter  pelves,  tot  tintinnabula  dicas 
PulsarL    Jam  nemo  tubas,  nemo  sera  fatiget : 
Una  laboranti  poterit  succurrere  lunas. 
Imponit  finem  sapiens  et  rebus  honestis. 
445  Nam  quae  docta  nimis  cupit  et  facunda  videri, 
Crure  tonus  medio  tunicas  succingere  debet, 
Csedere  Silvano  porcum,  quadrante  iavari. 

tbc  aadent  and  modem  critics,  who  haya  heathens  used  to  make  a  great  none  by 

eofagcd  in  a  similar  task,  may  be  men-  the  beating  of  brass,  souodingof  trumpets, 

tioocd,  Pnm.  II.  zxziT.61  sqq.  Macr.  S.  whooping  and  hollowing,  and  the  like. 

1. 24.  V  M|.  Plat. dM  Horn,  and  elsewhere ;  COWLEY,  Plin.  zi.  22.  ii.  12  1 9.  an 

QmiaL  z.  1.  GelL  iii.  11.  iz.  9.  Z¥ii.  10.  auxUiaria  iMtia  ;    Ov.  M.  iv.  334.  T. 

SeaUg.  Poet.  v.  2.  Ursio.  and  HY,  in  two  Virg.  £.  yiii.  Sen.  Med.  794.  Hip.  787. 

praliminary  Ditouisitions.  PR.  A.  Luc.vi.  Apul.  As.i.  PA.  Tac.An.i.28. 

437.  7Vttttir«  IS.  properly, 'the  hole  in  LI,  Sil.  viii.  500.  Tib.  I.  viii.  21  so. 

which  the  toogoe  of  the  balance  moves.'  Or,  M.  vii.  207.  R,  Gland.  Rof.  i. 

cf.  vi.  lis  so.  Pers.  L  6  sq.  iv.  10.  y.  147.  K. 

100.  (X.)  Tib.  IV.  i.  40  sqq.  (HY,)  443.  «  Suffering  an  eclipse.'  VS,  [Livy 

Hor.  I  S.  iii.  72.  II  Ep.  i.  39.    Cic.  de  zzti,  5.  marg.  ED,] 

Or.  ii.  38.  R,  444.  '  The  education  of  females  oujjht 

439.  Loquatur  '  can  put  in  a  word  not  to  be  neslected,  but  still  there  is  a 
•dgewke.'  medium  in  all  things,  and  it  will  be  wise 

440.  '  No,  nor  even  another  woman !'  not  to  make  a  woman  so  over-learned  as 
tids  IS  the  clireaz.  to  unfit  her  for  the  domestic  duties  which 

'  Such  is  bar  volubility,'  torrgiu  dieendi  devolve  on  her  sex.'  cf.  Hor.  I  S.  i.  100 

cgpim ;  z.  9.  sq.  ii.  1 1 1  sqq.  R,  The  other  interpreta- 

441.  Understand  tit  fiMt  verba.  LU,  tion,  however  good  in  itself,  seems  to 
He  aUodes  to  the  proverb  Aj^Muirv  require  t§d  instead  of  nam  in  the  next 

X^Xmulmt  £•  I.  i-  7.  Call.  H.  in  Del.  line :  it  is  this  t  '  She  becomes  a  philoso* 

286.  SP.     Virg.  JE.  iii.  466.  SV,  com-  pher ;  VS,  and,  hence,  even  lays  down 

paring  the  lady's  tongue  to  the  clapper :  her  theories  on  the  c  h  i  e f  g oo d  as  the 

cf.  Hor.  II  S.  tii.  274.  are  rigms  eurvo  Grand  end  (r«  viXn)  of  all  moral  action :' 

paiuUm  eompcmor  in  orbsm,  mtibilii  ett  BRI,  LU,  G*  or  '  gives  the  definitions 


Ml«f  Umgiut  crepitantit  imago',   non  r«-    and   distinctions  of   right  and  wrong.' 
IMMlni,  MoftiJ  quoque  tape  resuUat ;     M, 


Sympos.  ^n^.  Izziz.  cf.  Xenarch.  in  445.  '  Too  great  a  scholar ;'  Tib.  IV. 

Ath.  ziiL  I.    Of  a  like  kind  are  the  ez-  vi.  2.  HY, 

pfcssioas  tiimpana  eloqutniia ;  Quint.  V.  446.  '  To  wear  the  short  tunic  of  the 

12.  21.  Tv^««»«f  ^vrSif*  Theodor.  in  Br.  men.'  VS,    The  following  directions  are 


An.  t.  ii.  p.  43.  Mf^  m^irmXn'  Eur.  Cy.  given  for  the  dress  of  an  orator  :  tunica 

104.  R.  *  that  rattle  of  a  fellow.*  )nioribu*  oris  infra  genua  paulum,  poe- 

442.  This  custom  originated  from  the  teriffribus  ad  medios  poplitet  utque  per^ 

notion  that  vritches  caused  eclipses  of  the  veniant:  nam  infra  mulierum  eU,  supra 

BBOon,  by  bringing  its  goddess  aown  from  eenturianum,   togtt  pan  anterior  mediit 

her   sphere    by    their    incantations,  in  cruribus  optimeterminaturtSfc,  Quint. 

Older  Chat  she  might  communicate  magic  zi.  ult,  PR,  Gell.  vii.  12.   Plaut.  Poen. 

poceacy  to  certam  herbs.    To  prevent  V.  v.  24.  R. 

the  spdla  of  these  sorceresses  from  being  447.  Men,  only,  sacrificed  to  Silva- 

heard  and  taking  effect,  the  superstitious  bus  ;   VS,  Cato  H.  R.  women  to  Ceres, 


150 


THE  SATIRES 


8AT.  VI. 


Npn  habeat  matrona,  tibi  quae  juncta  recumbity 
Dicendi  genus  aut  curtum  sermone  rotato 

450  Torqueat  enthymema  nee  historias  sciat  omnes: 
Sed  quaedam  ex  libris  et  non  intelligat.    Odi 
Hanc  ego,  quae  repetit  volvitque  Palaemonis  artem, 
Servata  semper  lege  et  ratione  loquendi, 
Ignotosque  mihi  tenet  antiquaria  versus 

455  Nee  curanda  viris  opicae  castigat  amicae 
Verba.     Solcecismum  liceat  fecisse  marito. 


BRI.  and  Jano.  FE.  cf.  Hor.  II  £p.  i. 
143.  A. 

According  to  the  mt.  gloKaries,  ladies 
did  not  usaally  frequent  the  public 
baths;  if  they  went  there,  they  were 
admitted  gratis,  as  they  were  then  ex- 
pected not  to  be  niggardly  of  their 
favours.  FE.  cf.  ii.  152.  Vitruv.  v.  10. 
R.  Hor.  I.  iii.  37.  BRI,  nisi /arte  mulier 
potemquadrantaria  iUa  permutatiotiefami- 
liaris  facta  etat  balneatori ;  Cic.  for  Coel. 
PR. 

448.  Non  iit  doeti*$ima  amjux ;  Mart. 
II.  xc.  9.  LU,  r«^r  %  /u^S'  fih  yk^  U  y 
\fUit  ^t/Mff  iTff  ^^nw9a  irXi7«r  ji  yvHCi%m 
X^'  W  yk^  wanw^yit  /c«XX«r  Ifr/»ri4 
Kvitfit  If  rmlg  wfmwn'  Eur.  Hip.  635 
sqq.  GR,  The  following  stanza  is  much 
superior  in  just  and  liberal  thinking, 
"  Give  me,  next  good,  an  understanding 
wife.  By  nature  wise,  not  learned  by 
much  art ;  Some  knowledge  on  her  side, 
with  all  my  life  More  scope  of  converse- 
tion  impart ;  Besides,  her  ioboro  virtues 
fortify  ;  They  are  most  firmly  good,  who 
best  know  why  ;"  Sir  Thomas  Overbury, 
The  Wife.  G.  Here  again  our  author 
has  an  eye  to  some  literary  lady  of  that 
age  :  R,  (see  note  on  434.)  very  probably 
Sulpicia  the  female  satirist,  with  whom 
the  particulars  closely  agree.  UN, 

*  Let  her  not  use,'  or  *  let  her  not 
have  at  her  fingers  ends  ;*  t.  «.  '  let  her 
not  be  a  rhetorician.' 

'  Joined  in  wedlock.' 

449.  « A  set  style  of  diction.'  PR.  Or 
'  each  kind  of  oratory,'  viz.  the  demon- 
strative, deliberative,  and  judicial ;  or 
the  Asiatic,  Bhodian,  Attic,  and  Laconic. 
R. 

*  And  let  her  not  be  a  logician.'  PR. 
Curtum  because  '  curtailed  of  one  pre- 
mise.' 

'  In  well-rounded  period  :'  or  termo 


Totatut  may  be  that  which  Cicero  calls 
vet  turn  dicendi  genus ;  Part.  5.  MU. 

450.  '  Let  her  hurl  :*  the  metaphor  is 
taken  from  a  dart.  FA,  cf.  vii.  193. 
eadem  ilia  sententia,  vtlut  lacerto  excussa, 
torquetur;  Sen.  £p.  Demosthenis  vibrant 

fulmina  ;  Cic.  Or.  70.  jaailari  dicta  et 
*ententias\  Petr.  109.  and  Quiot.  XI.  iii. 
120.  Lucian  Pise.  6.  R.  MU,  Pindar 
has  a  similar  metaphor:  rtXXil  /am  v^ 
kyumt  in\a  fiiXii  l»^«y  Ivrl  ^a^ir^at 
^•rfivra  wtntrttrtr  01.  iL  149  fqq.  cf. 
Psalm  Ixiv.  3. 

'EfiufMUftM'  Arisf.  Rh.  I.  u.  4.  Cic. 
Top.  13  sq.  Quint  V.  x.  I.  xiv.  24. 
VIII.  V.  9.  PR,  R, 

451.  "Seque  ultum  verbum  fadat  per^ 
plexabile,  neque  ulla  lingua  seiat  loqui  nisi 
Atiicai  Plaut.  Asin.  IV.  i.  47.  SCH. 

452.  Af.  or  Q.  Remmius  PaUtmon,  an 
eminent  grammarian  in  the  reigns  of 
Tiberius  and  Claudius,  and  Quintilian's 
preceptor;  he  was  so  conceited  as  to 
say  that  literature  was  born  with  him  and 
would  die  with  him.  He  also  said  that 
Virgil  had  predicted,  in  the  third  eclogue, 
that  he  should  be  the  critic  of  all  poets  : 
Varro  he  used  to  call  a  learned  pig.  LU, 
He  was,  in  fact,  an  arrogant,  luxurious* 
and  proBigate  pedant,  rendered  infamous 
by  vice  of  every  kind,  and  one,  to  whom 
no  youth  could  with  safety  be  trusted.  G. 
Suet  de  III.  Gr.  23.  PR.  viii.  215  sqq. 

n, 

454.  *  An  antiquary.'  Suet.  Aug.  86. 
R. 

455.  '  Which  men  would  never  trouble 
their  heads  about.'  FA, 

Opica :  see  iii.  207.  FA, 

456.  '  Let  a  husband,  at  any  rate, 
commit  a  solecism  without  the  certainty 
of  being  taking  to  task  for  it.*  Soloe,  a 
maritime  town  of  Cilicia,  to  which  Pom- 
pey  transported  a  colony  of  pirates : 


SAT.  VL  OF  JUVENAL.  151 

Nil  non  permittit  mulier  sibi,  turpe  putat  nil, 
Quum  virides  gemmas  coUo  circumdedit  et  quum 
Auribus  extentis  magnos  commisit  elenchos. 

460  Intolerabiiius  nihil  est,  quam  femina  dives. 
Interea  foeda  aspectu  ridendaque  multo 
Pane  tumet  facies  aut  pinguia  Poppseana 
Spirat  et  hinc  miseri  viscantur  labra  mariti : 
Ad  moechum  veniet  lota  cute.     Quando  videri 

465  Vult  formosa  domi  ?  moechis  foliata  parantur. 
His  emitur,  quidquid  graciles  hue  mittitis  Indi. 

these  people  corrupted  the  parity  of  the  the  caaie  of  two  husbands,  whom  she 

Greek  dialect.    SoUteismus  eU  cum  plu-  had  abandoned,  by  a  violent  kick  which 

ribiu  verbis  emuequem  verbum  guperiori  occasioned  her  death.  VS,  G,     Suet.  35. 

iwM  aceommodatur  i  Cic  to  Her.  iv.  12.  Tac.  An.  xiii.  45  sq.  xiv.  i.  60.  xv.  23. 

Cell.  V.  20.  PR.  Mart.  XI.  xx.  LU.  xvi.  6.  R, 

of.  Plio.  zxix.  I  8  7.  A.  but  cf.  Her.  iv.        462.  See  ii.  107.  LU.    In  the  follow- 

117.  ing  passage,   Juvenal  had  Lucilius  in 

458.  '  Green  gems'  t.  e, '  emeralds  or  Tiew  i  quum  tecum  est,  quidvis  satis  est : 
beryls.' V.  38.  Tib.  I.  i.  51.  Phaed.  III.  visuri  alieni  sint  hominest  spiram,  polios, 
xviii  7.  R.  redimicula   promit ;    xv.  LI.     But   the 

459.  '  The  ears  being  stretched  down-  more  immediate  subject  of  hb  imitation 
wards  by  the  weight  of  the  pearls.*  FA.  seems  to  have  been  a  passage  of  Tibullus : 
gemmiferas  detrahit  aures  lapis  Eoa  Uctus  tune  putas  illom  pro  te  disponere  crines 
m  tcn^;  Sen.  H.  (£.  661.  R.  aut  tenues  denso  peetere  dente  comas?  ista 

These  '  large  pearl  ear-rings'  (cf.  ii.  hue  persuadet  facies  auroque  laeertos  vin- 

61.)  were  pear-shaped.  Plin.  ix.  35  s  56.  ciat  et  Tyrio  prodeat  apta  sinu7  non  tUn 

PR.  laid.  Or.  xvi   10.  R.    lliey  con-  sed  juveni  ctUdam  vult  hello  videri,  de- 

listed  probably  of  a  large  drop  formed  of  voveat  pro  quo  remque  domumque  tuam ; 

several  pearls;  for  such  pendants  were  I.  ix.  67.  G. 

worn  and  admired  in  Juvenafs  time.        463.  '  The  husband's  lips  are  glued 

vidto  unhnes  non  singulos  singulis  auri»  with  this  viscous  paste,  if  he  attempts  to 

bus   eomparatos ;    (Jam   enim   exercitatot  kiss  her.'  FA. 

aurei  omen  firendo  sunt  ;)junguntur  inter        464.  '  She  will  not  go  to  see  her  gal - 

se,  et  intuper  oUi  bini  suppanguntur.  non  lant,  till  she  has  washed  her  skin  from 

satis   mulisbris   insanio    viros  subjecerat,  all  these  detestable  cosmetics.'  SA.  LU. 

«w  bitus   ae    temo    patrimonio  singulis  ii.  105.  R. 

anribus  pependissent !  San.  Ben.  G.  mar-        465.  '  Fragrant   ointments,    prepared 

garito  tribttec4M ;  Petr.  55.  BO,  from  the  leaves  of  spikenard  and  other 

460.  See  30.  136  sqq.  A.  224.  FA.  costly  ingredients.'  VS.      Nardinum  sive 

461 .  Cf.  Lucian  Am. 38  sq.  R. '  While  foliatum  eomtat  omphacio,  balanino 
the  stays  at  home  her  skin  is  covered  juneo,  nardo,  amomo,  myrrha,  balsamo ; 
with  poultices  and  plasters,  that  it  may  Plin.  xiii.  1.  extr.  LU.  and  2.  PR.  and 
be  kept  fair  and  soft  for  going  out.'  SA.  3  extr.  XII.  26  s  59.  Mart.  XI.  xxviiL 
I  remember  to  have  heard,  many  years  9.  XIV.  ex.  2.  cxlvi.  I.  Claud.  Eut.  i. 
ago,  of  one  Mrs.  G.,  a  widow  lad^,  who  226.  (G£.  B.)  Hor.  II  Od.  vii  8.  R. 
(while  in  weeds)  used  to  sleep  with  her  St  Mark  xiv.  3.  St  John  xii.  3.  M. 
arms  in  bread  and  milk  poultices.  She  466.  Quidoiitd,  i. «.' not  only  perfumes 
narried  for  her  second  husband  Sir  but  jewels.' R.  See  Esther  ii.  12.  M. 
Charles  D.,  in  whose  family  she  had  '  Slender,'  from  being  '  unencumbered 
originally  lived  as  cook.  cf.  Her.  iv.  75.  with  fat.'  LU.  Herodotus  iii.   PR.  cf. 

'  The  pomatum  brought  into  fashion  v.  53.  R.  Owing  to  this  circumstance, 
by  Poppaa,'  the  mistress,  and  afterwards  Lascars  are  considered  excellent  subjects 
the  mlt,  of  Nero ;  the  emperor  avenged    for  anatomical  demonstrations. 


152  THE  SATIRES  sat.  vi. 

Tandem  aperit  yultum  et  tectoria  prima  reponit : 
Incipit  agnosci,  atque  illo  lacte  fovetur, 
Propter  quod  secum  comites  educit  asellas, 

470  Exsul  Hyperboreum  si  dimittatur  ad  axem. 
Sed  quae  mutatis  inducitur  atque  fovetur 
Tot  medicaminibus  coctaeque  siliginis  ofias 
Accipit  et  madidas,  facies  dicetur  an  ulcus  ? 
Est  pretium  curae,  penitus  cognoscere,  toto 

475  Quid  faciant  a^tentque  die.     Si  nocte  maritus 
Aversus  jacuit;  periit  libraria,  ponunt 
Cosmetae  tunicas,  tarde  venisse  Libumus 
Dicitur  et  pcenas  alieni  pendere  somni 
Cogitur :  hie  frangit  ferulas,  rubet  ille  flagellis, 

480  Hie  scutica :  sunt,  quae  tortoribus  annua  praestent. 
Verberat  atque  obiter  faciem  Unit ;  audit  arnicas 

467.  *' For  him,  at  length,  she  YeDtures  Thus  with  pomfttuiDs,oiot]iieiits,laeker'd 
to  uDcnse,  Scales  the  first  layer  of  rough-  o*er.  Is  it  a  f  ac  e,  Ursidius,  or  a  tore  Y* 
cast  from  her  face."  G.  SA^  on  Spaitian.    G. 

fomuuam  faeUm   nigro    velamin§  celat:         474.    Pretium  cut4B  is  the  same  is 

deteg§  veLfaeiem,  Sfc,  Mart.  III.  iii.  1.  4.  cpertB  pretium  *  worth  while.*  VS. 
R.  475.  '  If  her  husband  taros  his  back 

Reponit '  removes.'  LU,  towards    her,  and   goes  to  sleep.*   M. 

468.  Agnoiei  *  to  look  like  herself.'  Af.  nmhu^t  kwer^tir  Luc.  D.  Merc.  R. 

469.  Poppas,  462.  Plin.  xi.  14.  SA.  A  similar  description  is  given  of  Ciroe : 
See  note  on  ii.  107.  PR.    'H  tk  Trnfiim     Petr.  132.  R. 

mSm  •Zrm  iwt^rtw^n^t,  Ser%  rdt  ri  476.  Periit '  is  half-killed.*  BRO. 

f^/Miv    rkg    Jkyw^mg    aM*   M^^w^m  Ubraria  *  the  housekeeper/  M,  '  the 

e^d^rm  ^MHu,  mi2  futn  wiprmms^/mt  woman  who  weighedoutthe  wool,  or 

ii^trUtH  nmi  V^fMv  JtftiXyi^m,  h'  U  flax,  for  the  maids  to  spin.'  VS. 

rif  ydXmmrt  al^m  U^rns'  Xiph.  Ixii.  477.  '  The  lady's  maids  strip  to  be 

28.  G.  flogged.'  BRO.   cf.  490  sqq.  PA.   Pert. 

470.  The  exile    is  merely  hypo-  iii.  1.  35.    Ov.  Am.  I.  vi.  19.  R. 
thetical.  '  The  Libamian ;'  iii  240.  PR. 

•  The  Hyperborean  clime:'  Plin.  iy.        478.  '  He  is  panished,  because  the 

12.   Virg.  G.  iii.  196.  (HK. )  so  called  husband  slept'  LU. 
as  being  beyond  the  north  wind.  SA.       The  phrase  pendere  pemM  is  derived 

To  a  person  standing  at  the  north  pole,  from  the   custom  of  paying  a  certain 

every  wind  would  be  southerly,  as  his  weight  of  money  as  a  mnlcu  Festus. 
face*  his  back,  and  both  his  hands  would        479.  Frangit  i.  e.  '  has  them  broken 

be  turned  due  south.    It  was  a  delight-  about  his  back.'  viii.  247.  R. 
ful    spot   according  to    Pindar,   whuh        Ferulae ;  i.  15.  PR.    These  were  the 

Swth*  B«f U  ^»xt*'''  01'  "i*  ^  ><]•  mildest  instruments  of  panishment,  and 

471.  Mutatii  *  various.'  SA,  The  fa-  the  flagella  the  most  severe;  Hor.  I  & 
thers  of  the  Church  were  very  severe  in  iii.  1 19  sq.  M. 

their  invectives  againt  these  meretricious        480.  *  Some  pay  so  much  a  year  to 
cosmetics.  HN.  the   beadle  for  flogging  their  aervanti 

472.  Siiigine;  v.  70.  PR.  when  required.'  Festus. 

Ofcu '  pcmltices ;'  Plin.  xv.  7.  GR.  481.  fcrfcerat— fgdtt    H   eetdkl  m. 

473.  "  But  tell  me  yet;  this  thing,  37.  116.  186.  R. 
thus  daub'd  and  oil'd,  Thus  poulticed,        OInter;  iii.  241.  PR, 
plaister'd,  baked  by  turns  and  boil'd,        '  Enamels  her  fiioe.'  G. 


UT.  Ti.  OF  JUVENAL-  158 

Aut  latum  pictse  vestis  considerat  aurum, 

£t  csedit;  longi  relegit  transversa  diumi, 

£t  casdit;  donee  lassis  casdentibus  £Xi 
485  Intonet  horrenduniy  jam  cognitione  peracta. 
Prsefectura  domus  Sicula  non  mitior  aula. 

Nam  si  constituit  solitoque  decentius  optat 

Oman  et  properat  jamque  exspectatur  in  hortis 

Aut  apud  Isiacae  potius  sacraria  lense ; 
490  Disponit  crinem  laceratis  ipsa  capillis 

Nuda  humero  Psecas  infelix  nudisque  mamiUis. 


'  Chatt  with  her  friendt.*  Fettus.  by  periphrasis :    multas  ilia  facit,  quod 

482.  Plio.  nii.  48.  PR.   cf.  x.  27.  fuit  ipsa  Jovi ;  Ov.  78.  R.  M. 

Or.  Her.  iz.  127.  (H.)  R.  490.  Cf.  Ov.  M.  iii.  165  sqq.  Juvenal 

483.  '  Reads  over  the  items  in  a  long  gives  to  the  waiting-maid  the  name  of 
BeiDoraiidum  book/  in  which  were  en-  one  of  chaste  Dian's  nymphs,  ib,  72. 
teted  her  daily  accounts.  GR,  Gell.  ▼.  18.  who  attended  on  the  person  of  the  god- 
Lodan  quoted  at  434  sqq.  C.  Nep.  xxv.  dess,  and  assisted  at  her  toilet  in  the 
13.  JR.  grotto  of  the  vale  Gargaphie.    This  is 

485.  '  Thnnden  oat.'  imitari  vtrborum  very  humorous,  if  we  consider  the  cha- 
fulminai  Cic.  LU,  racter  of  the  lady  here  spoken  of  i  she  is 

Harrtmdum  u  put  adverbially:   517.  attended  at  the  toilet  by  her   filles  de 

Yirg.  JE,  xii.  700.  R>  chambre,  who   have   each,  like   those 

Jmm  eomtioM  ptraeta :  either '  having  nymphs,  a  several  office  in  adormng  her 

finished  tookii^  over  her  memoranda,'  person;  while  all  these  pains,  to  make 

BRJ,  or '  having  gone  through  the  trial  herself  look  more  handsome  than  usual, 

and  pnairfimeiit  of  her  slaves.'  LU.  were  because  she  was  going  to  meet  a 

486.  '  The  |Ovemment  of  the  family  gallant  The  sad  condition  of  poor  Pseeat 
is  man  tyrannical  than  any  of  the  courts  bespeaks  the  violence  which  she  suffered, 
«f  Sicily :'  SG,  alluding  to  Phalaris  from  her  cruel  mistress,  on  every  the 
tjrrant  of  Agrigentnm,  and  Dionysius  least  offence.  However,  this  circum- 
ud  AgathoAs  tyrants  of  Syracuse,  stance  of  her  torn  and  dishevelled  locks 
Pen.  iii.  39.  Cic  T.  Q.  v.  57.  Just  seems  a  farther  parody  of  the  account 
xz  aqq.  VS,  PR.  Hor.  1  Ep.  ii.  58  sq.  which  Ovid  gives  of  one  of  the  attend- 
H.  ants,  who  dressed  the  goddess's  hair : 

487.  '  She  haa  made  an  assignation.'  doctior  Ulis  fsmenis  CroeaU,  tparios  per 
LU.  'vL  12.  M.  ecUa  eapiUo$  coUigit  in  nodum,  quamm$ 

488.  '  And  b  in  a  hurry,  as  her  trat  ipta  solutis;  ib,  168—170.  VS,  FA, 
nflaat  moit  be  now  waiting  for  her.'  M.  See  also  Lucian.  Am.  39  sq.  Sen. 
ML  Br.  Vit  12.    Claud.  N.  Hon.  «(  Mar. 

'  In  th«  gardens  of  Lncullus.'  which  99  sqq.    Call.  H.  in  Pall.  22.  (5P.)  A. 

were  a  fimwrita  promenade  and  rendez-  The  dishabille  of  this  girl  might  also  be 

vooB.  3L  owing  to  her  being  oblifl;ed  to  run  and 

409.  '  The  sacred   precincts  of   the  dress    her   impatient  mistress,  without 

tempWiofliia' were  prostituted  to  the  having  time  to  arrange  her  own  hair  or 

MOM  purpose :  therefore  the  priestess  is  dress.  DX.  ACH,    A  rhyme  occurs  in 

bcra  called  '  the  nrocureas.'  VS.   Plut.  this  and  the  following  line ;  it  is  not  a 

la.  §t  Os.    JosepL  A.  J.  xviii.  4.  10.  solitary  instance,  see  Ovid  quoted  in  the 

A.  PR.    The  women  resorted  to  these  note  on  iii.  19. 

iHDples  nnder  the  pretext  of  observing  491.  Ptecat  from  ^tmAiuw  *  to  bedew' 

religioos  vij^s.  BO.  u.  22  sqq.  Ov.  A.  A.  VS.  with  fragrant  essences :  BO,  as  Pig- 

L  77  sqq.  tii.  835  soq.  Mart  XI.  xlviii.  4.  euia  in  Martial  (see  neit  note)  from 

Jsii  iMraalf  Biighl  he  called  Jtiaea  Una  rXUuv.  R, 

X 


154  THE  SATIRES  sat,  vi. 

**  Altior  hie  quare  cincinnus?*  Taurea  punit 

Continuo  flexi  crimen  faciiiiisque  capilli. 

Quid  Psecas  admisit?  Quaenam  est  hie  culpa  puellae, 

495  Si  tibi  displicuit  nasus  tuus  ?  Altera  Isevum 
Extendit  pectitque  comas  et  volyit  in  orbem. 
Est  in  consilio  matrona  admotaque  lanis 
Emerita  quae  cessat  acu :  sententia  prima 
Hujus  erit ;  post  hanc  setate  atque  arte  minores 

500  Censebunt,  tamquam  famae  discrimen  agatur 
Aut  animae :  tanta  est  quasrendi  cura  decoris. 
Tot  premit  ordinibus,  tot  adhuc  compagibus  altum 
^dificat  caput.     Andromacben  a  fronte  videbis : 
Post  minor  est :  credas  aliam.     Cedo,  si  breve  parvi 

505  Sortita  est  iateris  spatium  breviorque  videtur 

492.    Unus  ds  Mo  peccaverat  orbi  virtieem   ttruere;    HieroD.   to   Demetr. 

com  arum  annul  us,  ineerta  non  bene  cxxx»7.turritum  tortU  caput  aeeummiare 

Jixus  acu,  hoc  fa  ei  nut,  Ijalage  specula,  in  altum  crinibus;    Pnid.  Psych.   183. 

gno  viderat,  ulta   est,  et  cecidit  sectis  Manil.  v.  147.  A.  Tertoll.  dtf  Cult.  Fem. 

icta  Plectisa  comis,  desine  jam,  Lalage,  and  M.    Capell.  de  NupU  if.  HN.    Jtt- 

tristet  omare  capillot,  tangat  et  in-  venal's  meaning  is  well  illustrated  by  the 

sannm  nulla  puella  caput;  Mart.  II.  coins  of  Trajan  and  Hadrian,  and  hence 

Ixvi.  1 — 6.  PR,  this  satire  would  seem  to  have    been 

Taurea  *  the  thong  of   buirs  hide.'  written  during  one  of  those  reigns.  ACH, 

PR.  Such,  for  instance,  is  the  head-dress  of 

495.  Lavnm  '  on  the  left ;'  Virg.  JE,  Trajan's  wife  Plotina,  of  his  sister  Mar- 

ii.  693.  is.  631.  R.    V.  Flac.  i.   156.  ciana,  of  his  niece  Matidia,  of  Hadrian's 

HK.  wife  Sabina,  and  of  his  daughter  Matidia. 

497.  '  An  elderly  dame  is  sitting  in  This  preposterous  fashion  did  not  coa- 
council.'  dum  de  singulis  capUlit  in  con-  tinue  at  court  above  forty  yeftre,  being 
sUium  itur;  Sen.  Br.  Vit.  12.  cf.  iv.  72  exploded  by  Annia  Galeria  Faustina,  the 
sqq.  GR,                         '  wife  of  Antoninus  Pius.  VA,  J,  SA. 

Admota  lanii,  t.  e.  IWraria ;  476.  R,  503.  Andromache ;     Eurip.   And.    R. 

498.  Emerita  is  a  metaphor  from  a  omnibus  Andromache  via  eti  spaiiotiar 
soldier  who  has  earned  his  discharge,  by  ctquo :  unut,  qui  modicam  dieeret.  Hector 
having  served  the  time  for  which  he  en-  erat :  Ov.  A.  A.  ii.  645  sq.  M.  In  an- 
listed.  £/2I.  other  place  Ovid  calls  her  langittbma^ 

•  From  the  crispin-pin  ;*  FA,  or  •  from  A.  A.  lii.  777.  LU. 
the  needle,'  owing  to  the  failure  of  her        '  Andromache  before ;    a  dwarf  be- 

eyesight.  LU,  hind.'  G.  <t  solum  epectes  hominie  caput, 

Sententia^-cent^unt    is    a    metaphor  Hectora  credos ;  si  stantem  videos,  Atty^ 

taken  from  the  proceedings  of  the  Senate,  onacta  putes :  Mart  XIV.  cxxii.  i2« 
SCIL  504—508.    *  What,    if   Nature  has 

502.  "  So  high  they  build  her  head,  given  her  but  a  short  allowance  of  waist, 

such  tiers  on  tiers  With  weary  hands  and  if,  without  her  high-heeled  shoes, 

they  pile."  G.  In  women  this  toque  was  she  is  no  taller  than  a  Lilliputian  mits, 

called  »§(Vfifi0t,  in  men  »^*^px«f ,  in  boys  so  that  she  must  spring  lightly  on  tiptoe 

wni^iTft'   Schol.  on  Thuc.  BO.  xiii.  165.  in  order  to  catch  her  sweetheart's  kiss  V 

ctlitE  procul  aspice  frontii  honores  sug-  cf.  xiii.  210.    But  the  sense  u  obscure. 

gestumque  coma ;  Stat.  I  S.  i.  113  sq.  (ur-  R, 

ritaque  premens  /rontem  matrona  corona  i        505.    Spatium  ;    cf.  epatiotior  in  the 

Luc.  ii.  358.    aUenit  capillit  turritum  note  on  503. 


sAT.vf.  OF  JUVENAL.  155 

Virgine  Pygmflea,  nullis  adjuta  cothurnis, 
£t  levis  erecta  consurgit  ad  oscula  planta  ? 

Nulla  yiri  cura  interea,  nee  mentio  fiet 
Damnorum :  vivit  tamquam  vicina  marito. 

^iO  Hoc  solo  propior,  quod  amicos  conjugis  odit 
£t  servos,  gravis  est  rationibus.     Ecce  furentis 
Bellonae  xnatrisque  Deum  chorus  intrat  et  ingens 
Semivir,  obscoeno  facies  reverenda  minori, 
Mollia  qui  rupta  secuit  genitalia  testa 

515  Jam  pridem,  cui  rauca  cohors,  cui  tympana  cedunt 
Flebeia  et  Phry^  vestitur  bucca  tiara. 

506. '  Pygmy/  wwyiuuHt *  half-a-vurd  temimaretei  tympana  tundent ;  Ov.  F. 

bifh.'  SC,  niu  167  tqq.   Plin.  tu.  2.  iir.  IB3»  R.  grandet  Ga//t ;  Pers.  v. 

Gell.  ix.  4.  Ath.  iz.  11.  PR.  186.  G. 

'  Bnskim'    wen  boots  with  high         *  A  personage  to  be  revereoced  by  his 

cork-heels  which  tragedians  wore  ;  SC,  obscene  inferior.'  feminett  voces  H  mota 

(as  oomedians  wore  the  sock:)  hence,  insania    vino    obtcoenique    greges    et 

tetkurmut  is  sometines  put  for  '  tragedy'  inania  tympana  ;  Ov.  M.  lii.  536  sq.  viri 

0fr«atragicity]«.'634.  vii.72.  zy.29.  ti,  molles,  obictrni,  et  temiviri;  Liv.  xxziii. 

509.  See  141.  R.  mUif  yiiV«v   Lon-  28.  /?.  cf.  ii.  9. 

gw  iii.  p.  77,  20.  p.  92,  67.  BOL  514.  '  Who  has  emascalated  himself 

510.  '  The  only  difference  is  this,  that  with  a  broken  shell.'  cf.  ii.  116.  xvi.  6. 
she  batci  her  husband's  friends  and  ser-  tehta;  Piin.  jlxxv.  12  s  46.  xi.  49,firro; 
mits,  and  plagues  him  with  her  bilU ;  Lactant.  ▼.  9.  mxo  acuto ;  Ov.  F.  iv.  237 
whick  his  oeigfaboar  does  not.'-  VS,  LU,  sqq.  acuto  si/ire  ;  Cat.  ixiii.  5.  R. 

511.  The  transition  is  very  abrupt:  515.  '  Ilosrse*  either  from  continual 
and  we  dow  come  to  the  roost  curious  singing  and  shouting,  see  note  on  i.  2. 
part  of  tile  Satire,  and  one  which  the  viii.  59.  or  from  having  a  cracked  voice. 
aatiior    has  laboured   with    uncommon  Macr.  vii.  10.  FA,  R. 

care ;    nor  is  there  anv  portion  of  bis  '  Drums*  for  '  drummers,'  LU,    by 

works  in  which  his  genius  is  more  con-  metonymy.  PR, 

spiciUHU.  G.  516.  '  HiK  cheek  is  covered  with  the 

519.  Tbe  frantic  votaries  of  Cyhele  lappets  of  a  Phrygian  turban.'  VS,  GR, 

have  been  already  spoken  of;  ii.  111.  Tiara,  verbum  Gracum  ett,u5u  venum 

LU,  iv*  123  sqq.  Lactant.  i.  21.    Those  in  Ijitinum  ;  de  quo  et  Virgiliut**  saeer- 

of  Beliana,  sister  of  Mars  and  goddess  of  que  t  iaras**  {A^..  vii. 247.) graus  pileoli, 

war,  were  not  more  sane.    They  ran  up  quo  Persarum  et  Chaldaontm  gent  utitur ; 

and  down,  lancing  their  arms  with  sharp  Hieroo.  on  Dan.  iii.  quartum  vejtimenti 

knives,  (like  the  priests  of  Baa],  1  Kgs.  genus  est  rotundum  pHe(Aum,  quale  pictum 

sviiL  28.)  mi  the  23d  or  24th  of  March,  in    Ulyutto    eantpicimui,  quasi    spheeree 

wbick  was  her  festival,  and,  in   allu-  media  sit  divisa,  et    pan  una    ponatur 

nan  to  those  sanguinary  rites,  was  called  in  capite,    hoc  Gresci    r<i^f ,  nonnulU 

The  dayof  blood.  PA.  MG.  cf.  Tib.  galerum  vocant,    nan   habet   acumen   in 

I.  vi«  43  sqq.  HY,   nee  turba  ceuat  en-  summo,  nee  tot  urn  usqne  ad  eomam  caput 

tkmta  BeUoKBi  Mart.  XII.  Ivii.  11.  tegit,sed  tertian  partem  d f rente  inopertam 

*  Enters  the  house:*  the  sudden  tran-  reiinquit,  atque  ita  in  occipitio  vitta  con- 

ution  seems  as  thoueh   the    poet  had  ttrictum  est,  utnonfadlelabatur  ex  capite, 

caught  the  cimtaffion  of  their  enthusiasm,  est  autem  byssinum  et  sic  fabre  opertum 

aod  started  off  from  his  former  subject  tintevlo,  ut  nulla  acits  vestigia  extrinsecus 

unioteDtionally.  R.    See  note  on  Her.  i.  appareant ;  Id,  de  Vest.  Sac.  PR,  viii. 

55.  snd  174.  259.  x.  265.     Paris,  cum  semiviro  comi* 

513. 'The  lusty  eunuch' who  oflkiated  tatu,  Mteonia  menlum  mitra  erinemque 

OS  their  high  priest.  PR,  374.    ibunt  fnodentcmfufriiijruj;  Virg.i£.iv.2158qq. 


156 


THE  SATIRES 


8AT.  TI. 


Grande  sonat  metuique  jubet  Septembris  et  Austri 
Adventum,  nisi  se  centum  lustraverit  ovis 
Et  xerampelinas  veteres  donaverit  ipsi, 
520  Ut,  quidquid  subiti  et  magni  discriminis  instate 
In  tunicas  eat  et  totum  semel  expiet  annum. 
Hibernum  fracta  glacie  descendet  in  amnem, 
Ter  matutino  Tiberi  mergetur  et  ipsis 
Vorticibus  timidum  caput  abluet :  inde  Superbi 


juvat  indulgtre  ehoreUt  §t  habent  redi' 
mieula  mitra.  Id,  ix.  615  sq.  (HY,) 
V.  Flac.  ti.  700.  (BU.)  Claud.  Ruf.  i. 
198.  (GE.)  it  See  note  on  my^fit^mf 
Her.  V.  49. 

517.  Grande  umat ;  cf.  485.  i  Tt  fUyn 

2f^  tuusfitinif  Ix***  '^*  '***  ^*f***f  ^9 
^f9n»  irmfitfuiytftf  21,  its  tif  Tt  ^9, 
Ji9aM^myit9.  Aci/M«Mr  n  ifMV  witrtLt 
Wi^art   Htti    n«fMf   Koi  '£^«yvMif*  LttC. 

Ni«««^.  9.  The  ArchigttUui,  coosuUed  by 
the  supentitious  woman,  now  delivers  an 
oracle,  big  with  menaced  evils  from  the 
gods  to  guilty  sinners,  and  urges  her  to 
propitiate  the  wrath  of  heaven  by  offer- 
ings and  penances  and  expiatory  rites. 
In  like  manner  the  priestess  of  Bellona 
utters  her  predictions  in  Tib.  1.  vi.  51  sqq. 
see  also  the  oracles  delivered  in  Ari&t.  £q. 
1010  sqq.  Quum  tistrum  aliquis  eoti' 
eutient  ex  imperio  mentUur,  quum  aliquis 
ieeandi  laeertos  nun  artifex  brachia  atque 
humeroe  suspenMa  manu  cruentat,  quum 
aliqua  genibus  per  viam  repens  ululat 
(525)  taurumque  tinteatus  tenex  et  fnedio 
lucemam  die  prerferent  eonclamat, 
iratum  aliquem  deorum;  concurritie  et 
auditis  et  divinum  es$e  eum,  invicem  mu* 
tuum  aientes  $tuporem,  afirmatii ;  Sen. 
de  V.  B.  27.  B. 

*  He  predicts  that  danger  is  to  be 
apprehended  from  the  sultry  and  damp 
blasts  of  autumn.'  BRO,  iv.  56  sqq.  M. 
It  needed  no  ver^  sapient  conjuror  to 
anticipate  such  penis ;  but  he  exaggerated 
them,  no  doubt,  with  all  hb  art.  K. 

518.  *  Eggs*  were  commonly  used  io 
expiations,  especially  in  those  connected 
with  the  worsnip  of  Isis.  BRO,  cf.  v.  85. 
Ov.  A.  A.  ii.  330.  Hor.  £p.  v.  19  sqq. 
Pers.  V.  185.  (X.)  22.  rk  U  rSt  Mmim^- 
run  ik  were  on  no  account  to  be  eaten, 
but  to  be  thrown  away  out  of  doors.  GR. 
The  priests  undertook  to  see  that  this  was 
done,  and  were  indebted  for  many  a  good 
omelet  to  this  supentitioot  notion.  ACH. 


519.  Xerampelwat  *  dresses*  so  etUcd 
from  being '  of  the  colour  of  a  fiaded  leaf.' 
VS.  (n^  '  sere*  and  ifunXn  *  a  vine- 
leaf.'  PR.  U  ^ms  S«^r«uir  Mu  rwir  lav- 
n»i»it,  ««)  wmfnrtn  r^ir/SMW.  Im^mmv 
;i^ir*l»«f  »«)  y^Xmpkvlmt  WMtXmt,  imlxV^ 

Xut  U  H  rms  »enmtt  9mS^$  {^ga^* 
mXUmi  T$  ;^f !■/•«  Jr  \»AXmm  Jtr^t^Ttmin 
^«r«  r«v  ;^«A7M(r«r*  r«  ymf  fiiXmp,  iwfee 
jftflJL«iw»f*  n  Try  fttrm  r^mfimUt  rmirmH 
tl»t$ttf»  ;^^rlc4'  T^fUum  2l  Xiyetnu  eJ 
«r«XvTiXi7f  ;^X«^idif*  SukL  Jl, 

Veterei  *  cast-off,'  modestly  insinuating 
that  they  were  of  no  further  use  to  ibm 
lady. 

'She  gave  him,'  in  order  to  be  •«•- 
pended  in  the  temple;  PR.  or  lor  him 
and  the  other  priests  to  wear.  M.  The 
Gain  in  ancient  sculptures  are  always 
represented  in  the  female  dress:  and  they 
used  to  wear  sad-coloured  raiment,  and 
Pliny  interprets  the  colour  xerampeiimiu 
to  be  pullut.  VO. 

520  and  521.  Cf.  Herod.  iL  39. 

522.  This  kind  of  penance  was  one  in 
which  much  faith  was  put :  Pers.  ii.  16 
sq.  LU,  Hor.  II  S.  iii.  290  sqq.  PR. 

523.  'O  /»myt  fMrk  rjbv  Uftliw  Tf)§ 
iLt  fMM  ft^  ri  ft^ifmwn  iurewrwn^t  wui 
fUfmt  fvmrmt  iv)  rn  Tiy^ru  erermfu§ 
aymym  isi^N^  vi  fit  mmi  JterifuJln'  Luc. 
Nfs.  7.  *  Ihrice:'  the  number  three 
and  three  times  three  were  thought 
much  of  in  all  ma|ical  and  snper- 
stitious  rites:  Pers.  Ov.  M.  vii.  961. 
Virg.  £.  viii.  73  saq.  JE.  vi.  229.  R. 
The  manner  in  which  toasts  are  received 
at  our  public  dinners  is  one  vestige  of  this 
very  prevalent  notion.  See  also  Shaksp. 
Macbeth. 

Mane ;  Hor.  and  Pers.  Prop.  III.  s. 
13.  R. 

524.  Vortex  is  the  ancient  form  of 
vertex,  i.  «•  eonf orCa  m  ft  aqua,  vei  ftud- 
q%id  aUud  timiUier  9eriitur;  Qainl. 


SAT.  Yi.  OF  JUVENAL.  157 

525  Totum  regis  agrum  nuda  ac  tremebunda  cruentis 
Erepet  genibus.     Si  Candida  jusserit  lo, 

VIIL  U.  7.  R,     In  this  and  many  other  detestable,  were  long  opposed,  and  still 

words  the  fdUer  and  more  ancient  sound  longer  regarded  with  distrust  and  aversion, 

was  softened  down :  and  Orid  was  the  Of  a  truth,  however,  this  was  confined 

muthor  who  took  the  lead  in  this  refine-  to  the  men ;  the  women  seem  to  have 

Dent  of  the  langnage.  WEI,  found  something  peculiarly  fascinating  in 

<  Timid,'  either  from  nature,  M.  or  the  worship  of  Isis,  and  to  have  been, 

timeredeomm;  Hor.  II  S.  iii.  295.  PR.  from    the  first,  her  warmest   devotees. 

'  Ablntioitts'  were  performed  to  pacify  Either  because  the  envy  of  the  priests  of 

the  celestials :  *  respersions'  to  deprecate  Cybele,  and  other  exotic  divinities,  was 

the  wrath  of  the  internal  deities.  MAR,  excited  by  this  marked  predilection,  or 

PA.  because  the  attendance  on  the  rites  of 

When  th«  kings  were  expelled,  the  Isis  was  made  (as  it  certainly  was  in 

land,  between  tm  dtj  and  the  Tiber,  aftertiroes)  a  cloak  for  intrigue;  in  the 

belonging  to  Tarqain  '  the  Proud,'  was  consulshipof  Piso  and  Gabinius,  a  furious 

cooaeciafted  by  Brutus  to    Mars,  and  persecution  was  raised  against  her ;  and 

tkenceforth  called  Campus  MartUu,  VS,  she  was  banished,  with  all  her  ridiculous 

Liv.  ii.  6.  PR.  mummery,  from  the  territories  of  the 

53&  This  sapentitioas  rite  is  men-  republic.  Some  years  afterwards,  how- 
tiooad,  Tib.  I.  ii.  85.  i7.  Sen.  quoted  at  ever,  her  worship  was  re-estabiished, 
517 ;  PRm  John  Mabilius,  in  his  Travels  when  Tiberius,  on  account  of  an  impious 
in  Italy,  mentions  having  often  seen  wo-  farce  which  was  played  in  one  of  her 
men  erawiing  on  their  knees  not  only  to  temples  (Joseph.  A.  J.  zviiL),  rased  it  to 
'  the  Holy  Saiia,'  to  which  they  seldom  the  ground,  hanged  or  crucified  the 
fD  op  in  any  other  way,  but  even,  firom  priests,  and  flung  the  statue  of  the  god- 
the  neighbooring  houses,  to  St  Mary  the  dess  into  the  Tiber.  Again  the  temple 
Gieater»  and  to  the  Basilica  which  is  was  rebuilt,  again  destroyed  by  a  decree 
aJled '  the  Altar  of  Heaven ;'  p.  50.  VL.  of  the  senate,  and  again,  and  again,  re- 
See  abo  Ot.  F.  vL  397—412.  CAS.  constructed,  till    the  vigilance    of   the 

526.  Cmdide ;  Ov.  743.  R,  government  was  finally  remitted,  or  its 

'  If  the  priest  asserts  that  Isis  so  com-  obstinacy  overcome.    It  was  then,  that 

wended  in  hia  visioDS  of  the  past  night.'  these  fanes  rose  on  all  sides,  and  became 

cf.  530  aq.  A.  (what  too  many  of  the  Roman  temples 

lo,  the  daughter  of  Inachus,  was  be-  were)  the  favourite  spots  for  forming 

loved  by  Jopiter;  who  endeavoured  to  assignations.      Whenever  Juvenal    has 

conceal  htf,  undpr  the  form  of  a  '  white'  occasion  to  mention  these  Egyptian  divi- 

ha§tt,  from  Judo's  jealousy.    That  god-  nities,  he  does  it  with  a  contemptaous 

deaa,  however,  contrived  to  obtain  pos-  sneer ;   but  in  this  he  is  not  singular, 

scesion  of  her  rival,  and  committed  her  to  since  almost  every  aodent  writer  on  the 

the  enstody  of  Argus,  with  whose  hun-  subject  does  the  same.    Lucan  convevs 

died  eyes,  after  he  was  slain  by  Mercury,  a  bitter  reproach  to  his  countrymen  for 

the  aueen  of  heaven  adorned  her  pea-  their  partiality  to  them,  in  apathetic  and 

cock  8  taiL    The  Argive  princess,  after  beautiful  apostrophe  to  Egypt,  on  the 

many  wanderings,  rMchea  EgTpt ;  she  murder  of  Pompey :  not  in  templa  tuam 

was  there  restored  to  her  human  form,  and  Romafia  aeeepimus  inn,  temidentqut  cantt 

was  snbseqnently  deified  under  the  name  et  sittra  juhtruia  tuctut  tt  quern  (u  plan' 

of  Isis.  VS,    Ov.  M.  i.  588—750.  LU»  gent  hominem  tettarifi)tiritn :  (u  nottrot, 

Phrt.  OQ  Is.  and  Osir.  Diod.  i.  2.  PR,  Algypte,    ten0»    in   pulvere    manet:     tu 

The  absnrdand  contemptible  ceremonies  quoque  ^e.  viii.  831  sqq.  But  it  would 
of  the  priests  of  Isis  are  described  with  be  endless  to  quote  all  the  indignant 
admirable  nirit  and  humour.  It  is  not  ridicule  that  has  been  poured  on  these 
easy  to  ny  by  what  criterion  the  Romans  brutal  superstitions.  With  all  this,  how- 
judged  01  the  admissibility  of  foreign  ever,  they  continued  in  full  vigour  from 
divinities  into  their  templ^.  Cybele,  our  author's  time  to  that  of  Commodus, 
with  all  her  train  of  wild  and  furious  who,  as  Lampridios  says,  enrolled  himself 
enthnaiastSv  found  an  easy  admittance ;  among  the  priests  of  Isis,  and  conde- 
wUle  Isis  and  Osiris,  deities  not  more  scendpd  to  carn^ber  son  (the  dog-hcaded 


158  THE  SATIRES  sat.  ti^ 

Ibit  ad  ^gypti  finem  calidaque  petitas 
A  Meroe  portabit  aquas,  ut  spargat  in  sedem 
Isidis,  antiquo  quae  proxima  surgit  ovili. 
530  Credit  enim  ipsius  domiuae  se  voce  moneri. 

En  animam  et  mentem,  cum  qua  Di  nocte  loquantur  ? 
Ergo  hie  prffieipuum  summumque  meretur  honorem, 
Qui  grege  linigero  cireumdatus  et  grege  calvo 
Plangentis  populi  currit  derisor  Anubis. 

AQobis)  upon  his  ihottlders.  Constantine  with  which  templum  §t  timulaerum  dtde 

abolished  them,  with  the  other  heathen  (JunonU)  prospersum  ett ;  Tac  Ad.  zt. 

rites  :  they  were  again  revived,  and  for  44.  R. 

the  last  time,  by  that  frivolous  pedant        529.  *  The  ancient  sheepfold  ;*  '  die 

Julian  (so  liberally  dubbed  a  philosopher  spot  where  Romulus  and  his  shepherds 

by  our  Christian  historians)  who  laboured  penned  their  flocks;'  or '  the  palace  of 

to  enforce  the  observance  of  them  in  Komulus.'  VS,    Some  take  it  to  mean 

some  of  his  epistles.    But  however  se-  the  boarded  partitions  within  which  the 

vere  the  satirists  ma?  have  been  on  these  people  were  shut  when  they  went  to  vote, 

lollies,  they  fall  infinitely  short  of  the  Mp(a;  Mart.  II.  ziv.  5.  Ivii.  2.  X.lzzz. 4. 

prophets.    See  Isaiah  zliv.  14  sqq.  zlvi.  FA.  Liv.  zxvi.  22.  PtU  Lu&ii.l97.  These 

6  sq.    These  passsees  prove  the  great  were  afterwards  built  of  fine  marble  with 

antiquity  of  such  idolatrous  and  mendi-  elegant  porticoes.  A.    Others  again  sap* 

cant  processions.     In  conclusion  it  may  pose  that  the  sheepfold  of  the  Tarquios 

be  observed,  that  they  are  sneered  at  by  stood  there.  BRI,  R, 
Menander  with  an  arch  and  elegant  sim-        '  Rines*  is  more  expressive  than  *  is.'  vii. 

plicity,  only  to  be  found  in  the  writers  of  183.  R.  Ov.  M.  ii.  264.  BU,  Liv.  zzr. 

his  school :    »vhU  /a   i(ir»u  wi^irttrSn  21.  DR,  see  note  od  *%7rmt^  Her.  vti.  18. 
f|w  hit  furk  y^mif  oifT  dt  »Uia(  wm^futt        530.  '  She  is  so  credulous  as  to  believe 

W\  r9u  r«>i)/«tf-  rn  V»eu»9  )i7  4%9f  •7«m  that  the  eoddess  herself  speaks  by  the 

fttifuf  r«{«vT«  rtiin  ti^vfuMut'    Aung.  G.  mouth  of  her  priest.*  VS, 
cf.  Cic.  Div.  i.  58.  Suet.  Dom.  1.  R.  The  gods  and  goddesses  were  styled 

527.  '  She  will  go  on  a  pilgrimage  domini  and  domina  ;  ^trwirm  and  Mwm' 
afoot  to  the  further  end  of  Egypt,  to  wot  in  Greek.  GR,  Ov.  A.  A.  i.  146. 
fetch  the  waters  of  the  Nile :  as  though  Virg.  M,  iii.  1 13.  438.  Prop.  IIL  iii. 
the  priests  used  none  but  the  ge  n  u  i  n  e  31.  R.  see  note  on  Her.  i.  212. 

waters  of  the  Nile  to  sprinkle  in  that  Monere  *  to  reveal  their  will  :'  R,  cf. 

fane.'  GR.    Virg.  JE,  iv.  512.  cf.  Her.  Ov.  M.  xUi.  216.  //.  Tib.  I.  vi.  50.  BK. 

i.  188.  R.  V.  Flac.  i.  29.  231.  Ov.  M.  ii.  639. 

Calida  *  scorched  beneath  a  vertical  BU. 

sun.*  BRO.  zv.  28.     Thus  Nilut  tepem  ;  531.  A n ima,  qua  vivimtu  ;  ment,qua 

X.  149.  Prop.  II.  xxxiii.  3.  tepidus;  Luc  eogitamut;  Lactant.  M. 

iii.  199.  Claud.  B.  G.  476.  R,  532.  The  preceding  line  is  parenthe- 

528.  Meroe,  in  Ethiopia,  is  the  largest  tical  :  ergo  refers  to  530. 

island  formed  by  the  Nile,  with  a  city  of        533.  The  inferior  priests  were  all  clad 

the  same  name,  which  was  the  capital  in  linen,  in  imitation  of  Isis,  who  appears 

of  a  kingdom.  Strab.  i.  75.  Herod,  ii.  29.  to  have  been  a  queen  of  Egypt,  and  to 

Diod.  i.  p.  38.   Ptol.  iv.  8.    Plin.  ii.  75.  have  first  taught  her  subjecu  the  use  of 

V.  9.  vi.  29.  35.  Heliod.  x.    Though  in-  linen,   linigeri  fugiunt  ealvi  sutm- 

sulated  during  the  rainy  season,  it  is  at  taqtie  turba  ;    Mart.  XII.  xxix.  19.  R. 

other  times  only  a  peninsula ;  its  modern  Tib.  I.  iii.  30.  BK,  Ov.  A.  A.  i.  77.  H. 
name  is  '  Atbar,'  and  it  comprises  the        Those  who  were  going  to  celebrate  the 

greatest  part  of  the  kingdom  or  Sennaar  rites  of  Isis  had  their  heads  shaved.  J. 

and  the  smaller  portion  of  Abyssinia.  Lampr.  Comm.  9.  CAS,  F£. 
HEE,  R.  PR,  534.  Bos  in  ^gypto  numinit  viet  eo/t* 

*  To  sprinkle.'  Thus  we  read  of  water  tur :   Apim  vocaut.  non  estjiu  eum  ctrto§ 

being  fetched  from  the  neighbouring  sea,  vita  exceden  annos ;  mertumque  in  taeer- 


SAT.  VI.  OF  JUVENAL.  159 

^35  Ille  petit  Teniam,  quoties  non  abstinet  uxor 
Concubitu  sacris  observandisque  diebus, 
Magnaque  debetur  violato  poena  cadurco, 
£t  movisse  caput  visa  est  argentea  serpens : 
Illius  lacrumse  meditataque  murmura  pra^stant, 
&40  Ut  veniam  culpss  non  abnuat,  ansere  magno 
Scilicet  et  tenui  popano  corruptus,  Osiris. 


dotum  fonU   enecant    qua»ituri  luctu  ii.  130.  FA.  Hor.  I  S.  ▼.  58.  Y'lrg,  JE, 

aHum,  quern  lubUituant ;  el  donee  invene-  vii.   292.  »«v^rcf   »a(n'    Horn.   Od.   E 

mt,moerent;  derasis etiam capitibus,  285.  H, 

iff,    ifoipte  ei,  in  dextro  latere  eandkant  The  serpent  is  the  asp  (Hor.  I  Od. 

— fto,  eornibui  luiut  ereteere  incipientis;  xxxvii.  26  sq.)  wreathed  round  the  head 

etnodm»  tub  liugud  quern  cantharumappel'  of  the  deity,  as  the  symbol  of  eternity. 

km  I  PUd.  Yiii.  46.  Diod.  ii.  4  sqq.  Cic.  ilillian.  GR.  Died.  i.  Macr.  i.  20.  Ov. 

N.  D.  83.  Macr.  i.  22.    Ammian.  xzii.  Am.  II.  xiii.  13.  M.  ix.  693.  (/f.)  V. 

PH.  Flac.  iv.  418.  {DU.)  IL    "  I  recollect 

AwubU,  the  ion  of  Osiris  or  Typhoo,  that  when  I  was  in  Italy,  a  bust  of  Isis 

was  the  ooulant  companion  of  Osins  and  was  found,  thus  incircled ;  and  was  then 

liis  (the  inn  and  moon^ ;  be  is  repre-  thought,  by  the  literati,  to  give  light  to 

seoted  as  a  man  with  a  dog's  head,  from  this  very  passage."  G. 

which  he  is  called  cohU  ;  xv.  8.    latram  539.  *  Of  that  priesu'  VS, 

Anmbis;     Prop.  III.  zi.  41.     latrator;  M^dttata  '  studied.' 

Yug.  M.  Tni.  698.  PR,  Cf.  Diod.  i.  18.  *  Mumbled  prayers.'  z.  289  sq.  hand 

87.  Heiod.  iL  66  sq.    '  The  chief-priest  cuivis  promptwn  est  murmur  que  humi' 

who  penooates  Anubis  laughs  in   his  lesque  tusurrot  toltere  de  temptis»  et  aperto 

sleeve  at  the  credulous  folly  of  the  people  vivere  voto ;  Pers.  ii.  6  sq.  &c.  GR.  Soph. 

bewailing  their  lost  god.'  viii.  29.  In  the  £1.  638  sqq.  i  fidytf  rnv  Wf^hf  ur^r^t- 

expression  eurrlt  derisor,  there  may  be  an  h^vemf  Luc.  Ni».  7.  Hor.  I  Ep.  xvi.  59 

aUoiion  to  the  appearance  of  a  dog  '  lol-  sqq.  The  precept  of  Pythagoras  was^r* 

ling  out  bis  toi^ue  and  grinning  when  ^ms  *yx*^  •  because  the  person,  who  is 

fatigued  with  running.'  Pers.  i.  60.  CAS,  vera  $implU  itate  bonus,  recti  custos,  mirator 

HiV.  Rm  LU.  honetti,  is  one — nihil  arcano  qui  roget  ore 

535.  These  gloomy  and  fantastic  pro-  deot ;  Mart.  I.  xl.  4 — 6.     tunc  seito,  te 

oimoas  in  quest  of  Osiris  continued  for  etse  omnibus  cupiditatibus  solutum,  quum 

several  days ;  during  which  the  female  eo  perveneris,  ut  nihil  deum  roges,  niU 

votaries  oflsn,  in  sympathy  for  her  loss,  quod  rogare  poisi*  palam,     nunc  enim 

abstained  from  intercourse  with  their  bus-  quanta  dementia  est  hominum  9  turpissima 

hen<b.  G.  SA,    This    abstinence    was  vota  diis  iususurrant:   si  quis  admoverit 

seDerally  for  a  period  of  nine  days.  Prop,  aurem,  contieescent  et,  quod  scire  homitiem 

II.  zzziiL  1  sqq.  IV.  ▼.  34.  Tib.  I.  iii.  23  notunt,  deo  narrant ;  Sen.  (from  Atheno- 

sqq.   Ov.  Am.  III.  x.  1.    The  priest  in-  donis)  £p.  10.  Tib.  II.  i.  83  sqq.  R.  K. 

ieroedes  with  his  god  for  the  offender.  540.  *  The  gooee'  is  not  mentioned  at 

LU,  random  :  that  bird  was  usually  sacrificed 

537.  *  For  having  profaned  the  snowy  to  Isis,  and  in  Egypt  constituted  the  chief 

sihttting;'  vit.  ^\,eadurcis  destituta  food  of  her  priests.  The  Romans  were  at 

fmsem,  nuda\  Snip.  VS,  Tib.  IV.  ii.  1.  first  a  little  scandalized  at  this  treatment 

BK,  nullum  est  candidius  linum  lauave  of  the  ancient  guardian  of  their  capitol, 

nmUius,aieutineuleitispr{Beipuamgloriam  but  use  soon  reconciled  them  to  it.  G. 

ettinent  Cadurei;  Plin.  xix.  1.  a  peo-  Herod,  ii.  45.  GR.  ib.  37. 

pfeof  AquitaininGanl,now*]eQttercy,'  541.  'The  thin  cake,' X«y«;«»*  Phi- 

vrith  a  town,  of  which  the  ancient  name  lostr.  V.   Ap.  v.  9.  Ov.  F.  i.  453  sq. 

was  Coditreusi,  the  modem  '  Cahors.'  (H.  BU,)    Philip.  Ep.  x.  in  Br.  An. 

PH.  R.  t.  ii.  p.  214.  BO,  p.  217.  H. 

538.  '  To  have  shaken  m  his  anger.'  It  is  Osiris,  and  not  Isis,  who  is  of. 


160  THE  SATIRES  »at.  vi. 

Quum  dedit  ille  locum ;  cophino  foenoque  relicto 
Arcanam  Judaaa  tremens  mendieat  in  aurem^ 
Interpres  legum  Solymarum  et  magna  sacerdos 

545  Arboris  ac  summi  fida  internuntia  cceli. 

Implet  et  ilia  manum,  sed  parcius :  aere  minuto 
Qualiacumque  voles  Judaei  somnia  vendunt 
Spondet  amatorem  teuerum  vel  divitis  orbi 
Testamentum  ingens,  calidae  pulmone  columbae 

550  Tractato,  Armenius  vel  Commagenus  haruspex; 
Pectora  pullorum  rimatur  et  exta  catelli. 


fended.     The  goddess  understood  her  546.  NUjfiwternvb€t€teo§linum§n 

trade  too  well,  to  be  offended  seriously  adorant ;  xiv.  97.  R, 

with  a  peccadillo  of  this  kind  ;  but  then  '  The  trustworthy  tsent  by  whom  the 

it  was  necessary  that  her  husband  should  will  of  heaven  is  revealed.'    Angers  and 

be  represented  as  extremely  delicate  on  birds  are  called  Jovii  int$rmuncii  et 

the  subject ;  otherwise,  no  goose  for  the  interpretes;  Cic« Phil. ziii 5. Div. iL 

priest.  G.  Macr.  i.  20  sq.  PA.  viii.  29.  R,  34.  J?. 

542.  Cf.iii.  14sqq.  PA.  Domitian  laid  546.  The  Jews  appear  then  to  hmve 
a  heavy  poll-tax  on  this  people  ;  and,  held  the  same  place  m  society,  at  OipMi 
that  they  might  not  evade  it,  they  were  at  the  present  day.  GR. 

enjoined  not  to  appear  abroad  without  547.  See  Ezek.  xiiL  •*  Have  yt  not 

the  basket  and  hay,  the  badges  of  their  seen  a  vain  vision,  and  have  ye  not 

condition.    To  avoid  being  detected  and  spoken  a  lying  divination,  wbereo  ye 

insulted  by  the  rabble  when  they  entered  say,  The  Lord  saith  it :  albeit  I  havs 

the  city,  these  poor  persecuted  wretches  not  spoken  V*  v.  7.    *'  Will  ye  pollnte 

laid  aside  their  degrading  accompani-  me  for  handfiils  of  barley  and  for  |»ecee 

ments.    This  accounts  for  the  epithet  of  bread  1"  ibid,  19.  &c«  Af.  Prn.  ii. 

tremens,  which  Juvenal  applies  to  the  57.  K, 

female  fortune-teller ;  who,  if  she  had  548.  Spondet, '  solemnly  engages,'  b  a 

been  discovered,  would,  in  spite  of  her  stronfter  word  than  promittU',   BL   43. 

lofty  pretensions,  have    been   severely  Cic.  for  Mur.  41.  exir.  Sen.  Ep.  19* 

punished  for  contempt  of  the  imperial  Ov.   Her.  xvi.   114.  V.  Flac.  vi.  117. 

regulations.   G.   Mart.  VII.  Iv.   SCH,  (BU,)  de  infante  Senboniutwtathematieug 

Suet.   Dom.   12.  Joseph.  B.  J.  vii.  7.  pretelara  tpopondit;    Suet.  Tib.  14.  Id* 

PR.  Oth.  4.  J?. 

543.  Trement  may  also  mean  '  shiver-  549.  '  The  lungs,'  the  liver,  and  tht 
ing,'  as  beggars  do,  to  excite  compassion,  heart  were  the  parts  chiefly  examined  in 
V.  1 1.  G  R.  a  main  doetus  rogare  Judtnu ;  divinations.  Lnc.  i.  621  sqq.  Cic.  d*  Har. 
Mart.  XII.  Ivii.  13.  Resp.  9.  Dio  39.  58.  J?. 

544.  '  Expounder  of  the  laws  of  Jeru-  '  Doves'  were  sacrificed  to  Venus,  and 
salem.'  BRI.  Plin.  v.  14.  PR.  from  the  preceding  line  this  appears  to 

By  the  words  *  high -priestess  of  the  have  been  a  love  affair.  SCH. 
tree'  is  probably  meant  *  of  the  Egerian  550.  Cammagtnt  was  a  part  of  Syrin 
^ve,'  the  degradation  of  which  is  so  between  Mount  Amanua  and  the  En- 
indignantly  deplored  in  the  third  Satire,  phrates.  R. 
Like  the  Norwood  of  our  metropolis,  it  Hanupex  ;  ii.  121.  PR. 
might  be  frequented  by  such  of  the  vulgar  551.  Peetoribui  inhians  tpirantia  con- 
as  were  anxious  to  enquire  their  fortunes,  tulit  exta ;  Virg.iE.  iv.  64,VS.  The  man- 
In  that  case  some  favourite  tree  might  be  tion  of  these  smaller  animals  is  to  throw 
the  place  of  rendezvous,  and  this  Betty  ridicule  on  the  pretennons  of  such  for- 
Squires  its  most  infallible  oracle.  G.  Sen.  tune-tellers.  J?. 
Med.  349.  FA.  CaUUi;  see  Paua.  VI.  ii.  2.  PA. 


SAT.  VI.  OF  JUVENAL.  161 

Interdum  et  pueri  :  faciet^  quod  deferat  ipse. 
Chaldaeis  sed  major  erit  fiducia :  quidquid 
Dixerit  astrologus,  credent  a  fonte  relatum 
555  Haminonis;  quoniam  Delphis  oracula  cessant 
Et  genus  humanum  damnat  caligo  futuri. 

562.  '  Of  a  child.'  cf.  Psalm  cvi.  37  distressed  for  water,  in  his  Libyan  eipe* 

■q.  Plot.  d€  Herod.  Mai.  (ueu  the  begin-  dition,  a  ram  suddenly  appeared  from  the 

oiw);    Macr.    iii.    7.    PR.    Ammian.  sand  and  led  him  to  *  a  fountain.*    Bac- 

XXIX.  iL  17.    But.   H.   £.  viii.   14.  chus  regarded  this  ram  as  Jupiter,  and, 

Camod.  H.Tr.  vi.  48.  Theodoret.  iii.  21.  accordingly,  built  a  magnificent  temple 

LN,  R.  to  Jupiter  Hammon  on  the  spot  where 

Eeoadiu  (iii.  1 16)  is  here  again  al-  the  water  was  found :  the  name  of  Ham- 

lodcd  10,  who  after  instigating  the  daugh-  mon  being  derived  from  Af»fiUf  'sand,' 

tcr  of  Soramu  to  magical  arts,  denounced  and  ram's  boms  being  attributed  to  the 

her  to  the  emperor  Nero ;   hj  whose  deity.  Hygin.  P.  Astr.  ii.  20.    This  tem- 

ordcr,  she  tofiered  at  the  same  time  with  pie  is  environed  by  a  thick  forest,  the 

her  Ciither.  V&,    This  anecdote  may  be  only  one  in  those  parts,  Luc.  iz.  522— 

^CQuioet  tboogh  Tacitus  does  not  mention  527.  Curt.  IV.  vii.  16.  and  by  several 

It ;  Ao.  zvi.  32.  G.  springs,   among  others  '  the  celebrated 

Dtfnat ;  220.  R.  i.  33.  iv.  48.  M.  fountain  of  the  sun'  (which  is  here  put 

563b  Cbaldspa  and  its  capital  Babylon  for  the  oracle  itself) :  Herod,  ii.  42.  iv. 

wcrvfismoQS  for  the  astrological  skill  of  181.  Diod.  L  13.  zvii.  50.  Plin.  ii.  103. 

the  iababiunts.    In  that  city  there  was  ▼.  5.  vi.  29.  Curt.  IV.  vii.  22.  Lucr.  vi. 

the  tempie  of  Bclos  said  to  be  the  inven-  848  sqq.  Ov.  M.  xv.  309  sqq.  Sil.  iii.  669 

tor  ef  the  adeoce.  Plin.  vi.  26.  Cic.  Div.  sqq.  A.  FA.  PR.  "The  fount  that  play'd 


L  2. 92.  Gell.  L  9.  ziv.  1.  Diod.  ii.  3.  In  times  of  old  throueh  Ammon's  shade, 

in.  8.  zviL  11  sq.    See  K,  and  CAS,  on  Though  icy  cold  by  day  it  ran.  Yet  still. 

Pen.  V.  46  sqq.     These  *  Chaldseans'  like  souls  of  mirth,  began  To  bum  when 

amooff  other  names  were  called  '  astro-  night  was  near  ;"  Moore,  Irish  Melodies. 

logcir  564.  and  '  mathematicians:'  562.  *  The  oracle  of  Apollo  at  Delphi'  is 

Among  the  benign  stars  they  reckoned  said  to  have  '  ceased'  at  the  birth  of 

Veoiw;  670.  among  those  of  malignant  Christ:    Me  puer  Hthraut  divot  Deut 

aspect  were  Satnm*  569  sq.  and  Mars,  z.  ipt»  gubimam  eeder§  ude  jubet,  8^c.  cf. 

313sq.  Ov.Am.  I.viii.29.  From  castinjg  Plut.de  Or.  Def.  PR.  Eus.  Pr.  £v.  v. 

a  peiBon's  oathrity,  579.  or  observing  hb  p.  205  sqq.  Cic.  Div.  ii.  57.  Strab.  zvii. 

horoocrae,  Soet.  Ang.  94  extr,  they  pre-  p.  553.  Luc.  v.  112  sqq.  CAS.  Antib.  £z. 

dacled  ratare  events,  and  the  hour  and  i.  12.    It  is  mentioned,  however,  as  hav- 

day  at  which  any  afiair  of  importance  ing  given  responses  in  the  reigns  of  Nero 

ought  to  he  transacted,  575  sqq.  For  this  and  Julian ;  Suet.  Ner.  40.  Themist.  Or. 

pojpoie  thev  used  books,  578.  or  tables,  ziz.  Theodor.  H.  E.  iii.  21.  R.  and  again 

658.  and  diaries,  574.  which  contained  at  the  birth  of  Honorius  (unless  it  be 

the  positiona&cofthe  stars  at  any  given  merely  the  poet's   fiction);    et  dudum 

time,  iii.  43  sqq.  The  calculations  which  toctri  rupere  iUentia  Delphi ;   Claud.  IV 

vcre  reqninte  m  judicial  astrology  were  Cons.  Hon.  144.  If  the  oracle  of  Jupiter 

eaflcd  tmnuri  TknevUi;  576.  Babylonu  Hammon  did  survive  the  rest,  it  was  pro- 

wmwterii    Hot,  I  Od.  zi«  2.    Chaldaiea  bably  because,  as  Voltaire  says  of  £1 

rmikmrnj  Cic.  Div.  ii*  47.  42  sqq.  cf.  vii.  Dorado,  few  or  none  could  go  to  seek  it. 

194  sqq.  iz.  33.  ziv.  248  sqq.  zvi.  4.  G. 

ManiL  m.  160  sqq.  iv.  122  sqq.  294  sqq.  556.   *  Punishes,'   PR.   or  «  renders 

Ov.  Ih.  209  sqq.  Macr.  Plin.  i'u  8  sqq.  them  miserable,'  *  leads  them  headlong 

▼ii.  49.  Prop.  iV.  i.  Hot.  II  Od.  zvii.  on  their  ruin,'  cf.  Virg.  M.  zii.  727.  HK. 

17—04.  (KT.  JN.)  Tac  An.  iv.  58.  iii.  116.  or  •  torments  :'  prudentfuturi 

(  £R.)  Aw»— JT.  XXVIII.  iv,  24.  (LN.)  temporU  exitum  ealiginotanoete  pre- 

M.  PR,  mit  deut  riditque  si  mart  a  lit  ultra  fat 

664.  CC  viii.  126.  R.  trepidat;    Hor.  IV  Od.  zziz.  29  sqq. 

666.  It  ii  fid>lid  that  Bacchni  being  R. 

Y 


162  THE  SATIRES  sat.  vi. 

Praecipuus  tamen  est  horum,  qui  saepius  exsul^ 

Cujus  amicitia  conducendaque  tabella 

Magnus  civis  obit  et  formidatus  Othoni. 
560  Inde  fides  arti,  sonuit  si  dextera  ferro 

Lraevaque,  si  longo  castrorum  in  carcere  mansit. 

Nemo  mathematicus  genium  indemnatus  habebit : 

Sed  qui  psene  perit,  cui  vix  in  Cyclada  mitti 

Contigit  et  parva  tandem  caruisse  Seripho. 
565  Consulit  ictericse  lento  de  funere  matris, 

Ante  tamen  de  te,  Tanaquil  tua :  quando  sororem 

557.  Underatand/uit.  BR/.  iii.  309  sq.     Tboie,  wbose  predictioos 

This  astrologer  was  Seleucas,   Suet  concerned  the  life  of  princes  or  other 

0th.  4 — 6.  PR.  or  Ptolerosus  ;  Tac.  H.  matters  of  state  were  often  thrown  into 

i.  22.  Plut.  which  were,  probably,  bat  prison  and  not  released  tmless  their  words 

different  names  of  the  same  person.  BU,  were  verified  by  future  events.  LL  SiteC 

ER.    The  professors  of  astrology  were  Ttb.  14.  PR,  1  Kingsxzn.  7—28. 

alternately  banished  and  recalled,  per-  561.  In  stationary  camps  (answeriag 

secuted    and   cherished,  as  the  events  to  our  barracks)  there  was  a  olack-hole 

they  predicted  were  prosperous  or  adverse  in  which  malefactors  were  confined  i  and 

to  the  fortunate  candidates  for  power,  when  the  troops  changed  their  quarters. 

That  they  were  the  occasion  of  frequent  the  prisoners  were  moved  in  disins.  Tac. 

commotions  among  this  ambitions  and  A.  i.  21.  iii.22.  R. 

credulous  people,  cannot  be   donbted ;  562.  Quai  gentiHtio  voeabulo  Ckal- 

and  Tacitus  says  of  them  with  equal  daot  dieere  opcrtet,   mathtmaticoi 

truth  and  spirit,  hoe  genus  hominum  potent  vulgu$  appellat ;  Ge41.  i.  9.  PR. 


tibuM  injidumt  tperantibus  /alUtx,  quod  in  *  Genius,'  VS,  (in  which  case 

eivitate  nostra  et  vetabitur  semper,  et  re-  means '  will  be  thought  to  have;*)  LU.  or 

tinebitur  ;  H.  i.  22.  ii.  62.  A.  ii.  32.  xii.  *  good  luck  :*  cf.  Mart.  VI.  Iz.  10.  VII. 

52.  Suet.  Tib.  36.  Vit  14.  R.  G.  Ixxvii.  4.  Hor.  II  £p.  ii.  186  sqq.  and  «. 

558.  Ptolemy  accompanied  Otho  into  22.  A. 

Spain  and  there  predicted  that  he  would  Indemnatut  '*  Who  has  not  iuutowIj 

survive  Nero.     From  his  success  in  this  escaped  the  rope."  G. 

instance  (says  Tacitns)  he  took  courage  503.  "  Who  has-^Begg'd   hard   for 

and  ventured  to  predict  his  elevation  to  exile,  and  by  special  grace,  Obtain'd 

the  empire.     Otho  believed  it  (or  rather  confinement  in  some  desert  place."  G. 

aflTectea  to  believe  it),  and  from  that  ■  One  of  the  Cydades.'  i.  73.  R.  See 

moment  he  determined  to  work  the  de-  note  on  Her.  v.  30. 

struction  of  Galba.    In    the   dreadful  564.  '  To  have  been  liberated.'  PR. 

now  called 
about  twelve 

such  predictions  on  an  ambitious  spirit  is  miles  in  circumference,  z.  170.  Ov.  M.  vii* 

finely  exemplified  in  the  tragedy  of  Mac-  464.  Plin.  tv.  12 1  22.  viii.  58.  ^rab.  x. 

beth.    *'  Tis  strange:    And  oftentimes,  p.  487.  PR,  R. 

to  win  us  to  our  harm,  The  instruments  565.  "  In  doubt  How  long  her  jann* 

of  darkness  tell  us  truths,  Win  us  with  diced  mother  will  hold  out."  G.  7»nfis 

honest  trifles,  to  betray  us  In  deepest  morfrus  rt^'us.  Plin.  xx.  9.  xxx.  11.  xxxvl. 

consequence 4"  I.  iii.  31.  xxxvii.  10.  cf.  iii.  43.  PR.  R. 

Condueenda  *  dearly  purchased,'  LU.  566. '  Thy  future  spouse  :'  Tanaquil 

*  venal* '  mercenary.'  586.  tua  neseiat  illud ;  Auson.  Epist. xxiiL  31. 

559.  '  The  great  citizen'  was  Galba.  Tanaquil,  the  wife  of  Tarquin  the  elder. 
Suet.  19.  PR.  cf.  i.  6S,  R,  ii.  was  a  marvellous  adept  in  the  art  of 
104  sq.  divination.  VS,  aeeepisse  id  augurium  Ueta 

506.  *  Has  clanked  with  chains.'  VS.  dicitur  Tanaquil,  perita(iUwlgo  EtruteC) 


9%m  uv%iwsi      %#■       ^^  AS  v<»*        A  as       •siw      ^s  ^n\Aau"  ^rw^*  A  v  imTV   VWU   ii  Wftm 

scenes  which  followed,  Ptolemy  was  a        Seriphut  one  of  this  group, 
principal  actor.  G.  LU.    The  effiect  of    '  Serfino/  is  a  barren  rock  a1 


SAT.  VI.  OF  JUVENAL.  163 

Efierat  et  patruos;  an  sit  victurus  adulter 

Poet  ipsam?  Quid  enim  majus  dare  numina  possunt? 
Hsec  tamen  ignorat,  quid  sidus  triste  minetur 
^'0  Satumi,  quo  laeta  Venus  se  proferat  astro, 

Qui  mensis  damnis,  quae  dentur  tempora  lucro. 

Illius  occursus  etiam  vitare  memento. 

In  cujus  manibus,  ceu  pinguia  sucina,  tritas 

Cemis  ephemeridas ;  quae  nullum  consulit  et  jam 
S76  Consulitur;  quae,  castra  viro  patriamve  petente, 

Non  ibit  pariter  numeris  revocata  Thrasylli. 

Ad  primum  lapidem  vectari  quum  placet,  hora 

Sumitur  ex  libro :  si  prurit  frictus  ocelli 

Angulus,  inspecta  genesi  colljrria  poscit 


ttlittimm  fmdigwnun  muUer ;  Liv.  i«  34.  modum  tada  acetndUur  alitque  flammam 

?R.  lb.  89.41.  pingu  em  §t  oUnUm:  mox  ut  in  pieem 

iffi,  Efferai;  i.  72.  J?.  resinamve  lenteseit;  Tac.  G.  45.  R. 

569.  '  Evea  the  k  lets  hateful  who  575.  The  superstitioD  of  being  guided 

turn  her  knowledse  of  the  stars  at  secoDd  in  every  thing  by  astrological  calculations 

{and,  tban  a  win  who  n  herself  a  pro-  appears  to  have  struck  its  roots  incon- 

6cicDt  in  the  celestial  lore.'  VS,  ceivably  deep.    Nearly  three  centuries 

670.  See  note  on  553.  R,  vii.  194.  after  Juvenal's  time,  we  find  the  Romans 

freve  5etiiriit  iidut  in omM  caput;  characterized  by  the  same  folly,  and  al- 

nop.  IV.  i  84.  BRI,  Pers.  v.  50.  Hor.  most  in  the  same  words :  muUi  apud  eot 

U  Od.  xvii.  22.  Af.    frigida  Satumi  negantti  e$te  tuperai  poieitates  in  cttlo,  n^e 

Mslls;  Virg.  G.  i.  336.  rS,  Cic.  N.  D.  in  publico  prodeunt    nee   prandeni  nee 

PR.  lavari  arbitranlur  se  eautius  poue,  ante- 

*  In  conjunction  with  what  heavenly  quam  ephemeride  scrupuUue  tciMcitata 

body/  This  was  the  roooo»  according  to  didicerint  uH  sit  signum  Mereurii ;  ^c. 

Cicero,  Pliny,  and  Macrobius.  PA.  "  In  Amroian.  XXVIII.  iv.  24.  Here  we  have 

what  sign  bright  Venus  ought  to  rise  To  Pope's  *< — godless  regent  trembling  at  a 

sbed  ker  mildest  influence  from  the  skies."  star ; "  Mor.  Ess.  i.  90.  Such  are  the  mon- 

G,  strous  inconsistencies  of  atheism !  G.  R. 

Vemerit  talubre  sidus ;  Luc.  VS,  576.  Thrasyllus  was  an  eminent  astro* 

Se  preftrmt :  Suet.  Ner.  6.  estr,  R.  loger  at  the  court  of  Tiberius.  Suet  Aug. 

571.  Dfiitiir  lucre  *  are  lucky.'  Hor.  I  98.  Tib.  14  sq.  62.  Cat.  19.  Tac.  A.  ^. 
Od.  ix.  14.  H.  20.  22.  Dio.  Iv.  11.  VS.  PR.  R. 

572.  '  Avoid  her  as  a  thing  of  ill  577.  '  If  she  wishes  to  go  out  for  a 
OBscn.'  SCH.  little  airing  in  her  chair  or  carriage.'  VS, 

573. .'  Whose  well-thumbed  manual  of  The  miles  were  marked  by  roile-stooes, 

iKmlo^'<noteon553.)' becomes  as  yel-  inscribed  with  the  number,  and  were 

low,  flbinimr,  and  trans|>arentt  as  rich  am-  reckoned  from  a  golden  column  which 

W.'FSLLi7.Plin.zzzvii.2tq.  Pi2.v.24.  stood  in  the  forum.    These  mile-stones 

38l  ix.  50.  Or.  M.  ii.  364  soo.  Mart.  IV.  were  6r8t  put  up  by  C  Gracchus.  SCH, 

fix.  Tbe  ladies  used  to  hold  or  rub  the  Plut.  Grac.  PR. 

ttkbcr  in  their  hands  for  the  sake  of  its  578.  The  ancients  considered  the  itch- 

aeent ;  Diosoor.  i.93.  redolent  quod  sucina  ing  of  any  part  to  be  a  prognostication  of 

tnta  ;  Mart.  III.  Ixv.  4  iq.fragravit  ore  something  about  to  happen.  J.  E,  Pr.  iv. 

fwii  tueinorttm  rapta  de  manu  gleba ;  V.  7.  Plaut.  Mil.  IL  iv.  44.  Dae.  V.  ii.  75. 

xxxTiL  9.  11.  spirant  tueinavirginea  quod  Amph.  I.  i.  139.  Ps.  I.  i.  105.  JS,  Isid. 

^•geiata   manu;    XI.  viii.    1.   6.    The  Or. viii.  19.  K. 

*  fat'  may  ako  refer  to  its  nature :  579.  See  note  on  553.  R. 

naluram  eaeini  admato  igne  tantu,  in  Hie  oculis  ego  nigra  meit  collyria 


164 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  VI. 


580  iEgra  licet  jaceat,  capiendo  nulla  videtur 
Aptior  bora  cibo,  nisi  quam  dederit  Petosiris. 

Si  mediocris  erit ;  spatium  lustrabit  utrimque 
Metarum  et  sortes  ducet  frontemque  manumque 
Prffibebit  vati  crebrum  poppysma  roganti. 

585  Divitibus  responsa  dabunt  Phryx  augur  et  Indus 
Conductus,  dabit  astrorum  mundique  peritus 
Atque  aliqi^  senior,  qui  publica  fulgura  condit. 
Plebeium  in  circo  positum  est  et  in  aggere  fatum. 
Quae  nullis  longum  ostendit  cenricibus  aurum, 


lippus  iUinert;  Hor.  I  3.  v.  30  sq.  PR. 
PHd.  xzi.  20  f  81  sq.  {HA.)  R, 

581. '  Shall  have  pointed  out.'  VS. 

Petofiru  wasi  a  famous  astrologer  and 
physician,  according  to  PlinVf  ii.  23.  vii. 
49.  (HA,)  and  Suidas.  {KU.)  LU.  Ath. 
iii.  81.  SA,  R.  He  seems,  like  our 
learned  Moore,  to  have  allotted  particular 
diseases  and  particular  stages  ot  life  to  the 
government  of  particular  planets.  '*  Sir 
To.  Were  we  not  born  under  Taurus'! 
Sir  An.  Taurus'!  that*s  sides  and 
heart.  Sir  To.  No,  Sir,  it  is  legs  and 
thighs ;"  Shaksp.Twelfth-Night,  I.  iii.  G. 

582.  The  circus  was  the  resort  of 
itinerant  fortune-tellers.  Acron.  LU. 
Hence  it  is  called  falUtx  circus ;  Hor.  I 
S.  vi.  113.  T.  cf.  Suet.  Can.  39.  Claud. 
21.  PH.  Cic.  Div.  i.  68.  R. 

583.  The  Circta  Maximus  was  divided 
along  the  middle  by  *  the  chine'  spitM ; 
at  each  extremity  of  this  stood  three 
'  pillars'  met<Et  round  which  the  chariots 
had  to  turn  on  the  near  side.  FE.  LU. 
Ov.  Am.  III.  XV.  2.  M.  iii.  145.  R. 

'  Will  draw  lots  ;'  hoc  genus  divina- 
tionis  mta  jam  communis  explosit :  quit 
enim  magistratus  aut  quis  vir  Ulustrior 
utitur  sortibus?  Cic.  Div.  ii.  41.  Nume- 
rius  Suffetius  is  said  to  have  invented 
this  mode  of  divination,  cf.  Suet.  Tib.  14. 
Ner.  21.  A.  T.  PR.  Quint.  XII.  x.  74. 
{GE.BU.)  Tib.  I.  iii.  11  sq.  {HY.)  R. 

Others  told  fortunes  by  physiognomy 
and  chiromancy.  LU. 

584.  Poppysma  *  a  smack  with  the 
lips  r  VS.  or  '  a  wanton  palming  and 
pattin?  of  the  hand.'  M.  palpare ;  i.  35. 
ir«irirp^»f  '  to  coax  ;'  Timocl.  in  Ath.  ix. 
18.  Perhaps  per  may  be  understood 
here ;  and  rnganti  may  mean  *  begging' 
in  a  neuter  sense :  cf.  iv.  118.  R,  Plin. 
xxviii.  2.  (T.)   Or  we  may  read  sonanti 


in  a  transitive  sense,  vii.  108.  Tib.  I. iii. 
60. 11.  i.  32.  Virg.  £•  v.  64.  cf.  Theocr. 
V.  89.  MNS. 

585.  Phi^gians,  Pisidiaos,  Cilicuiw, 
and  Arabians  paid  great  atteotion  to 
augury.  Cic.  Div.  i.  41.  exlr.  LU. 

India,  among  the  Romans,  was  a  word 
of  great  latitude,including  Persia,  Arabk, 
iEthiopia,  and  part  of  Egypt.  Virg.  G. 
ii.  116.  iv.  293.  (HY.  BU.)  The  M^ 
of  Persia  weie  augurs  as  well  as  philoto- 
phers.  Cic.  /.  e.  R. 

586.  Conductus;  R.  558. 

Mundi '  of  heaven.*  Sil.  iii.  611.  Tib. 
III.  iv.  18.  R. 

587.  Cf.  Luc.  i.  584  sqq.  606  aqq.  VS. 
Plin.  ii.  52.  54.  M.  Whenever  a  place 
viras  struck  b^  lightnine,  a  priest  was 
always  called  in  to  puri^  it.  This  was 
done  by  collecting  every  thing  that  had 
been  scorched,  and  burying  it  on  the 
spot,  with  due  solemnity.  A  two-year- 
old  sheep  was  then  sacri6ced,  ana  tke 
ground  (bidental)  slightly  fenced  roandi 
after  which  all  was  supposed  to  be  well. 
Pers.  ii.  26  sq.  iv.  49.  (A'.  CAS.)  LU. 
G,  Sen.  N.  Q.  ii.  Acron  on  Hor.  A.  P. 
471.  Festus.  Pint.  Q.  Conv.iv.2.  Artemid. 
ii.  8.  Sen.  Clem.  i.8.  {LL)  PTR,  Arch. 
iv.  1.  R. 

Senior  tt^s^^»r9^0f,  SCH. 

588.  Non  vieanos  haruspices,  non  dt 
circo  astrologos ;  Enn.  FA.  PA,  cL  iu.  65. 
223.  PR. 

Agger;  viii.  43.  R.  The  momid 
thrown  up  by  Tarquin  the  proud,  on  the 
east  of  the  aty.  BRL 

589.  <  Who  displays  no  long  golden 
pendants  above  her  neck  and  shoulders :' 
by  hypallage,  as  ii.  90.  M.  cf.  457  sqq. 
R.  1  he  poet  might  intend  to  point  oat 
the  general  extravagance  of  the  Roraan 
women,  in  thus  characterising  the  extre« 


8AT.  VI-  OF  JUVENAL.  163 

590  Consulit  ante  phalas  delphinorumque  columnas, 
An  saga  vendenti  nubat  caupone  relicto. 

Has  tamen  et  partus  subeunt  discrimen  et  omnes 
Nutricis  tolerant  fortuna  urguente  labores ; 
Sed  jacet  aurato  vix  ulla  puerpera  lecto. 

595  Tantum  artes  hujus,  tantum  medicamina  possunt, 
Quae  steriles  facit  atque  homines  in  ventre  necandos 
Conducit     Graude,  infelix,  atque  ipse  bibendum 
Porrige,  quidquid  erit :  nam  si  distendere  vellet 
Et  vexare  uterum  pueris  salientibus,  esses 

600  iEthiopis  fortasse  pater;  mox  decolor  heres 


mity  of  indigeDce  amongst  them  by  the  a  trident,  sometimes  an  ear  of  corn :  it  is 
want  of  a  gold  chain.  G.  not  improbable  that  these  may  be  embleroi 
590.  The  pAo/a  were  seven  moveable  ofthe  two  leading  parties  above  mentioned, 
wooden  towers,  or  obeliski,  called  from  and  denote  the  victorious  colour.  FE, 
their  ova]  fbrm^oMi;  they  were  placed  591.  '  Whether  she  shall  jilt  the  eat- 
along  the  spine,  and  one  was  taken  ing-house  keeper  and  wed  the  army- 
down  At  ihe  end  of  each  course.  ««?  r^  tailor.'  LU. 

wi^l^m  ^pmXXs/uvtiH  r«tff  M^ji^wt  w$^)  592.  "  The  great  danger  (or  pain  and 

v)»  tSp  iim0XM9  JtMif^  i^Sf  ( Agrippa),  peril)  of  childbirth ;"  Book  of  Common 

rwf  r$  ^tXfitvmt  tuu  rk  «S«ii)if  ^tifustt^yii-  jPrayer. 

fmrm  ««rtrr^«r«,  7r*>f   2i'    mhrSn    as  593.  They  could  afford  neither  to  put 

rm  «ri^^^/utff  Jifuiu»9imfrMt'  Dio  their  children  out  to  nurse,  nor  to  keep  a 


x\ix.  extr,  Liv.  xli  27.  Varr.  K.  K.  I.|ii.  nursemaid  or  nursery  governess.  VS. 

U.  SA,  PA»  PAN.    tabulata  phaUeque',  594.  A  woman  is  called  puerpera,  when 

Enn.  PR.  '  confined  with  her  first  child.'  VS, 

■  The  dolphins*  on  the  columns  were  595.  Hujus  <  of  the  old  woman,  who 

perhaps  owing  to  the  Circensian  games  is  applied  to  in  such  cases.'  LU. 

oeing  originally  consecrated  to  the  Eques-  Medicamina  -,  Plin.  xz.  21.  zzvii.  5. 9. 

trian  Neptune  or  Census.    R.     in  eireo  R.  cf.  ii.  32. 

FlmmiMo  grant  Neptunut  iptt  et  Thetis  et  596.  *  Men  yet  unborn.' 

NenUetmpra  delpkinos  eedentee;  Plin.  597.  Condtuit ;  '  undertakes  for  a  cer- 

zzxvL  5.    These  were  of  marble.  PR,  tain  price.'    The  same  verb  is  used  with 

There  were  four  parties  in  the  Circus,  the  the  following  expressions :   redemtor  eo- 

Bliie,theGreen,zL  196.  the  White,  and  tumnam  factendam;    Cic   Div.  ii.  21. 

the  Red,  vii.  114.  (to  which  were  added  medicus  agrum  sanandum  ;  Plin.  zxix.  1. 

by  Domitian,  the  Golden,  and  the  Purple,  putor  panem  tnoUndum ;  Pompon,  in  Non. 

SmL  7.  Xiph.)    Of  these  the  Blue  and  Another  form  of  the  phrase  is  this,  Sinw 

the  Green  were  the  principal  ones :  for  ntdei,  vietori  laudem  ut  icriberet,  eerio 

to  them  the  others  were  respectively  at-  eonduxit  pretio;  Phsedr.  IV.  xxiv.  4  sqq. 

tacfacd.    The  egg  was  the  badge  of  the  (BU.)  R. 

Green  faction  or  that  of  the  land,  the  '  Grieve  not.'  The  '  woe-begone'  has- 

Delphi  n  of  the  Blues  or  the  sea  party,  band  is  here  addressed.  LU. 

The  symbols  were  so  managed   as  to  598.  I>ii(o{d«re(ut0rum)' to  conceive.' 

show  which  of  the  two  parties  was  win-  LU. 

ning.    The  Romans  being  generally  but  599.  '  To  bear  lively  boys.' 

little  connected  vrith  maritime  affairs, the  600.  '  Of  a  blackamoor;'  M.    owing 

Green  was  the  popular  colour :  xi.  196.  to  your  wife's  adultery  with   a   black 

though  the  other  was   sometimes    the  slave,  v.  53.  LU.  Mart.  VI.  xxxix.  R. 

favourite  with  the  Emperor.    In  silver  Fortasse  *  as  likely  as  not.' 

coins  of  Roman  families,  under  chariots  Pater  i.  e,  in  the  eyes  of  the  law. 

of  two  or  four  horses,  we  sometimes  find  '  A  sooty  heir.'  G. 


166 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  TI. 


Impleret  tabulas,  numquam  tdbi  mane  videndus. 

Transeo  suppositos  et  gaudia  votaque  seppe 
Ad  spurcos  decepta  lacus  atque  inde  petitos 
Ponlifices,  Salios,  Scaurorum  nomina  falso 
605  Corpore  laturos.     Stat  Fortuna  improba  noctu, 
Arridens  nudis  infantibus.     Hos  fovet  omnes 
Involvitque  sinu :  domibus  tunc  porrigit  altis 
Secretumque  sibi  mimum  parat.     Hos  amat,  his  se 
Ingerit  utque  suos  ridens  producit  alumnos. 
Hie  magicos  affert  cantus,  hie  Thessala  vendit 


610 


601.  Cr.  i.  63.  68.  M.  ii.58.  '  and 
that  at  your  wife's  bidding.'  cf.  218.  R. 

'  One  that  you  would  be  very  *onyto 
•ee  of  a  mofoing.'  v.  64.  LU,  The 
aucteoti  thought  Uie  first  thing  they  saw 
in  the  morning  gave  a  lucky  or  unlucky 
turn  to  the  affairs  of  the  whole  day.  AS, 
omina  prineipiit  inuu  »deni :  adprimam 
voeem  ^c.  Ov.  F.  i.  178  sq.  Cic.  Div.  i. 
45  sqq.  Piin.  xxviii.  2.  See  also  572. 
Among  others  of  these  ill-omened  sights, 
apes  were  held  in  great  dread.  Luc. 
'Aircp^.  17.  Id,  Am.  39.  R. 

602.  Complura  alios,  docttu  ego  guoi  tt 
amicoi  pntdtnt  presUreo ;  Hor«  1  S.  z.  87 
sq.  SCH.  cf.  X.  273.  R. 

'  The  joys  and  vows*  of  the  imaginary 
fathers.  PR, 

603.  **  The  be?nrs'  bantlings,  spawn'd 
in  open  air.  And  left  by  some  pond  side, 
to  Mrish  there."  G. 

Decepta  '  elicited  by  fraud.' 

Infants  used  to  be  exposed  at  Rome 
by  the  Milk  Pillar  in  the  Herb-market: 
this  was  near  Velabrum,  the  low  ground 
between  the  Capitoline,  Aventine,  and 
Palatine  hills,  which  was  often  flooded 
by  the  Tiber ;  Liv.  i.  38  eitr,  Ov.  F.  vi. 
401  sqq.  Tib.  II.  v.  33.  (HY,)  thereby 
forming  '  dirty  pools.'  PA,  LU,  PR.  R. 

Out  of  these  foundlings,  noble  matrons 
used  to  select  the  future  heirs  of  great 
families.  LU, 

604.  Salii:  see  note  on  ii.  126.   PR. 
Something  of  this  kind  had  perhaps 

recently  occurred  in  the  family  of  the 
Scauri.  ACH,  ii.  35.  PR,    If  so.  there 
is  a  concealed  sting  in   the  equivoque 
^(t  in  (ii.  34.)  the  preceding  line. 
Falso  *  supposititious.'  LU, 

605.  '  Fortune'  still  retains  among  us 
her  ancient  attributes,  and  is  spoken  of  at 
this  hour,  much  as  she  was  two  thousand 
years  ago.  G.  [Livy  xxx,  30,  2.  ED.] 


Imprcba  *  unlucky' t.  «•  *  delighting  in 
sportive  mischief.'  G.  ctBca,  vobAUut 
vaga,  ineonstans,  ineerta,  vana;  PVuk,vL 
R,  Fortuna  stgvo  Utta  ntgotio,  et  Imdrnm 
imoUnttm  ludgre  pertinax,  tramsmutrnt  m- 
certos  hoRorei,  nunc  miAt,  nunc  alii  be- 
nigna,  laudo  moMontem:  tt  eeUres  ^uaiU 
pennat,  retigno  futf  dedit,  et  mea  virtmU 
me  invelvo;  Hor,  IV  Od«  xzix.  49 
sqq.  M, 

606.  Kudu ;  cf.  iv.  49.  LU, 

'  Cherishes'  with  maternal  care.  LU* 

607.  Involvit ;  cf.  Hor.  quoted  above. 
'  Lofty  mansions*  are  generally  occu- 
pied by  '  great  families.'  cf.  385.  R. 

608.  "  A  secret  farce :"  G.  for  these 
foundlings  will  be  personating  characten 
foreign  to  their  nature.  LU,  iiL  39  sq. 
PR. 

*  She  forces  herself  upon  them ;'  (in 
which  sense  the  French  verb  s'ingerer  is 
used.  M.)  Cic.  Verr.  iii.  28.  CUnd. 
B.  G.  193.  It  is  opposed  to  tubtnJun 
te ;  Plin.  Pan.  86,  2.  (SZ.)  R. 

609.  '  Smiling  on  them,'  or  *  laughing 
in  her  sleeve.'  FA. 

*  Advances  them.'  PR,  Cic.  Dom.  9. 
but  cf.  xiv.  228.  R, 

'  As  her  own  foster-children.'  M.  A 
foundling  was  called  Fortunee  fiiu$', 
Hor.  II  S.  vi.  49.  LU. 

610.  '  Magic  incantations.'  Plin.  xxiv. 
17.  XXV.  9.  xxvi.  4.  xxviii.  2  sqq.  xxx.  1 
sqq.  PR.  cf.  133  sqq.  M.  Tib.  I.  ii.  41 
sqq.  viii.  17  sqq.  Virg.  E.  viii.  69  sqq. 
HY,  Hor.  I  Od.  xxvii.  20  sq.  fm^- 
»etf  yinh  r«v  av)^*  tfitinr  Arist.  Th.  568. 
R. 

Thessaly  abounded  in  herbs  used  for 
these  purposes.  Apul.  Flor.  i.  LU.  Ega 
pel  ilium  uUiscar  hodie,  Thessalum  ven^» 
cum,  qui  perverse  perturbavit  JamUice  mm- 
tem  mea\  Plant.  Amph.  IV.  iii.  10.  poT" 
tenta  Thessala;  Hor.  II  £p.  u.  209.  PR. 


^^T.  Ti.  OF  JUVENAL.  167 

Philtra,  quibus  valeat  mentem  vexare  mariti 
£t  solea  pulsare  nates.    Quod  desipis,  inde  est ; 
Inde  animi  caligo  et  magna  oblivio  rerum, 
Quas  modo  gessisti.     Tamen  hoc  tolerabile,  si  non 

^  15  Et  furere  ineipias,  ut  avunculus  ille  Neronis, 
Cui  totam  tremuli  frontem  Ceesouia  puUi 
Infudit     Quae  non  faciet,  quod  Principis  uxor? 
Ardebant  cuncta  et  fracta  compage  ruebant, 
Non  aliter,  quam  si  fecisset  Juno  maritum 

620  Insanum.     Minus  ergo  nocens  erit  Agrippinae 
Boletus:  siquidem  unius  praecordia  pressit 


'611.  '  Lovejxrtioiu  :*   phiUra  noeeni  foaled,  licks  off  and  swallows:   if  it  be 

mimis  vimmtejurcrii  habent ;  Or.  A.  A.  taken  away  before  she  does  this,  she 

iL  106.  PR,  shows  an  utter  aversion  to  her  offspring^ : 

'  To  dbtarb.'  599.    Agrippina  veneni  and  will  never  give  it  suck.     Wierins  de 

fntm$  txquuiium  opiabat,  quo  mens  Claudii  Mag.  Infam.    G.      See  note  on   133. 

hKrharetuTf  men  differrtiur ;    Tac.  An.  PR, 

111.  66.  PR.  Casotiia,  the  wife  of  Caligula,  had  few 

612.  '  The  slipper'  was  a  common  personal  attractions,  and  is  said  to  have 

domestic  instrument  of  panishment  for  used  philtres  to  excite  her  husband's 

fiule  boys.     Pers.  v.  169.  mitifsari  tibi  love.   Suet.  Cal.  25.  33.  50.  PR,     Plin. 


tideam  tandalio  caput ;    Ter.   Eun.  V.  vii.  5.     Dio  lix.  12.  23.  R, 
SCH.   cC.  vii.  192.    #»ilaXA»  yt  %^»ff        617.   Majus  infundum  tibi  fattidienti 

ut  rk$  ttwykt,  Jm^  rek  iraita,  9mi%wimt  poculum  ;  Hor.  Ep.  v.  77  sq.  '  Presented 

^^§f  Lac  Pbilops.  Ifhi  TH  »m)  ^Xnykt  for  him  to  drink,'  SA,  or  '  threw  into  the 

•f  iflrsiNif  ilf  rkf  wtryks  Ttf  em^Xjf  bowl. ' 


Luc  D.  Yen.  and  Lan.  R,  '  If  a  princess  would  act  thus,  what 

lnd9  *  owing  to  these  philtres.'  SCH,  can  we  expect  from  a  common  woman  V 

613.  Suet.  Claud.  33—40.  P/?.  VS.  viii.  198.  R. 

614.  After  thb  line  are  found,  in  some  618.  '  All  the  world  was  in  flames.' 
eopiet.  tbe  following  :  iemper  aquam  The  metaphor  refers  to  the  lightnings  of 
prnies  rimotm  ad  doUa  :  temper  iitud  onut  Jove.  LIT, 

mbems  iptU  manantibut  urnis,  quod  ra^  *  The  whole  edifice  of  civilized  society 

hidum  Mffro  Phalarim  de  rege  deditti,  was  enveloped  in  flames,  and  sunk  in 

VS.  ruins  with  all  its  joints  dissevered.'  PR, 

615.  C.  Caligula,  the  brother  of  619.  '  As  the  universe  at  large  would 
Agrippina,  and,  consequently,  '  Nero's  sufller,  if  Juoo  were  to  drive  her  lord  and 
malenkal  uncle;'  Suet.  Cal.  7.  PR.  master  mad.'  VS.  There  is  no  allusion 
endebatur  potienatut  a  Cetsania  uxore,  here  to  the  final  dissolution  of  this  ma- 
amaUiTw  qmdem  medieamento,  aed  quod  in  terial  world ;  R. quum  eompage  ioluta 
furartm  verterii ;  Jb,  50.  LU.  Joseph,  teeula  tot  mundi  suprema  coegerit  hora ; 
Ant.  ziz.  Tbe  effects  of  this  monster's  S;c,  Luc.  i.  72  sqq.  HN.  With  this 
maifaiess  are  described,  618 — 625.  R,  compare  the  fine  pueage  of  Shakspeare» 
An  uncle  by  the  father's  side  is  patruus.  beginning  *'  And  like  the  baseless  fabric 

616.  '  Shivering  with  the  cold  when  of  this  vision;"  Temp.  IV.  i. 

jost  bom.'  LU,  620.  '  If  the  enormity  of  actions  is  to 

*  The   whole  forehead'  is  here  put,  be  estimated  by  their  pernicious  effects, 

kyperbolically, for  f/ippomanes ;  R. 'mo-  the  crime  of  Agrippina  was  one  of  far 

tiler's  love  f  D.  n  black  fleshy  excre-  less  atrocity.'  R. 

icence,  about  the  size  of  a  lent.fig,  on  '  Agrippina's  mushroom  ;'  xiv.      B.. 

tbe  forebcad  of  a  new-dropt  foal ;  which  cf.  v.  147  sq.   Tsc.  An.  xii./n.  PR, 

the  mother,  immediately  after  she  has  621.  '  Stopped  the  breath.' 


168 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  VI. 


Ille  senis  tremulumque  caput  descendere  jussit 

In  ccelum  et  longam  manantia  labra  saUvam. 

Haec  poscit  ferrum  atque  ignes,  haec  potio  torquet : 
625  Haec  lacerat  mixtos  Equitum  cum  sanguine  Patres. 

Tanti  partus  equae  !  quanti  una  venefica  constat? 
Oderunt  natos  de  pellice;  nemo  repugnet, 

Nemo  vetet :  jam  jam  privignum  occidere  fas  est 

Vos  ego,  pupilli,  moneo,  quibus  amplior  est  res, 
630  Custodite  animas  et  nuUi  credite  mensae. 

Livida  matemo  fervent  adipata  veneno. 

Mordeat  ante  aliquis,  quidquid  porrexerit  ilia, 


622.  Claudius  was  in  his  sixty  •fourth 
year.  Suet.  45.  CAS, 

JuveDal's  description  of  this  senile 
driveller  is  fully  confirmed  by  Suetonius ; 
risui  indecent,  ira  turpior,  fpumante 
rietu,  humentibut  naribut,  plectra  linguiB 
titubantia,  caput  que  cum  temper  ^  turn  in 
quantulocumque  actu  vel  maxime  tremu' 
lum\  30.   Diolix.  LU. 

*  To  descend  to  heaven/  To  make 
this  poor  creature  some  amends  for  poison- 
ing nim,  they  made  him  a  god  ;  and  the 
facetious  Nero,  who  profited  by  his 
apotheosis,  used  ever  after  to  call  mush- 
rooms "  fi^SfMt  hm:'  Suet.  Ner.  33. 
Seneca,  in  his  jeu  d'esprit  on  the  Em- 
peror's death,  called  the  canonization 
JtirtMeXtmMtf^tf  *  the  roushroomification :' 
and  represents  Claudius  offering  himself 
as  a  candidate  for  a  godship ;  but  being 
accused  by  Augustus,  and  forthwith  una- 
nimously condemned  by  the  celestial 
electors,  he  is  turned  out  neck  and  crop 
by  Mercury,  into  the  infernal  regions. 
Seneca  has  the  very  same  expression : 
pottea  quam  Claudha  in  caelum  detcendit ; 
so  also  nondum  ttelligerum  tenior  demistut 
in  aiem ;  Stat.  Silv.  Gallio  likewise  is 
celebrated  for  a  joke  on  the  subject, 
which  is  far  from  a  bad  one.  Alluding 
to  the  hooks  with  which  criminals  were 
dragged  from  the  place  of  execution  to 
the  Tiber,  and  of  which  by  far  too  many 
instances  occurred  under  Claudius,  he 
obserred  that  he  was  hooked  to  hea- 
ven. K>Mvif9  kyuiernf  \t  rhf  th^uw 
Inuxinnu'  Dio.  J,  BRL  PR,  R.  G. 

623.  Manare  and  the  like  verbs  are 
followed  by  an  accusative  or  ablative 
case  indifferently  ;  in  many  instances  the 
latter  may  be  owing  to  transcribers  using 
the  phrase  which  was  more  familiar  to 


their  own  ears ;  see  xv.  136.  R.  lacrumat 
marmora  manant;  Ov.  M.  ti.  312.  H, 
The  objection  to  the  other  reading  {longa 
taliva)  from  the  number  of  ifuuriXttrrm 
is  not  decisive  :  cf.  iiL  66.  vii.  28.  6cc. 
In  English  we  either  insert  or  omit  the 
preposition  with  after  many  of  these 
verbs :  "  A  violet  dropping  dew  /*  Byron, 
Hebr.  Mel.  [Livy  zxu.  1 ,  q.  EDJ] 

624.  *  This  potion  of  Cssonia  excites 
a  frantic  call  for  fire  and  sword  and  tor- 
tures.' BRL  LU,  Suet.  Cal.  32.  R. 

625.  The  '  promiscuous*  cruelties  of 
Caligula  are  recorded.  SueL26 — 28.30. 
lacerat  may  either  refer  to  the  particular 
instance  in  c,  28.  PR.  or  be  a  general 
expression.  Dio  lix.  1 — ^26.  R.  iv.  37. 

626.  '  If  such  be  the  baleful  effects  of 
a  single  philtre,'  616. '  how  infinite  is  the 
mischief  that  one  sorceress  occasions  by 
the  continual  exercise  of  her  unhallowed 
art !'  SCH,  eonstare  *  to  cost.*  R. 

627.  <  This  is  all  natural  enough. 
Juno  did  so  before  them.'  LU,  272.  PR. 

628.  Agrippina  set  the  example  by 
poisoning  her '  step-son*  Germanicus,  in 
order  to  raise  her  own  son  Nero  to  the 
imperial  throne.  FS.  But  see  Tae.  A. 
xiii.  17.  PR,  cf.  133  so.  M. 

629.  Pupilli  *  fatherless  children,  no- 
der  ward.'  LU, 

Amplinr  ret  is  opposed  to  rebiit  anguM* 
tit;  SCH.  Hor.  II  Od.  X.  21. 

630.  NuUi  *  not  even  that  of  your  own 
mother.'  VS, 

631.  Livida  from  the  eflPects  of  the 
poison  upon  its  victims :  PR,  thus 
aconita  lurida  ;  Or.  M.  i.  147.  pallida ; 
Luc.  iv.  322  sq.  vina  pallida  ;  Prop.  IV. 
vii.  36.  (BK.)  R.  see  note  on  i.  72. 

'  The  larded  meats  or  made  dishes.' 

632.  Mordeat  ante  and  prceguttet  by 


^T.  VI.  OF  JUVENAL.  169 

Quse  peperit :  timidus  prsegustet  pocula  pappas. 
Flngimus  hsec,  altum  Satira  sumente  cothurnum 
^35  Scilicet,  et  finem  egressi  legemque  priorum 
Grrande  Sophocleo  carmen  bacchamur  hiatu, 
Montibus  ignotum  Rutulis  coeloque  Latino. 
Nos  utinam  vani !  sed  clamat  Pontia,  <<  Feci, 


wtj  of  precaution,  PR,  ut  tuitodirent  Ttirnus.  BRf,  cf.  iti.  84  sq.    xii.  108. 

ammo*  i  630.  105.  R. 

The  custom  of  hariog  meats  and  drinks  638.  Vanit  t.  «.  mendaeet  et  infidi  et 

taiited  beforehand  by  an  attendant  was  leuia  inaniaque  pro  gravibus  et  verts  astu- 

ongioally  Persian,  and  was  probably  in-  tiuime  componentes ;  Cell,  xviii.  4.  R, 

trodoced  into  Rome  by  Augustas ;  Tac.  The  story  of  Pontia  was  well  known  at 

A.  xii.   66.  Lf.  (Ath.  iy.  21.  iiiar^f  Rome.  lodeed,  it  so  happens,  that  there 

Suid.     Xen.  Cyr.  i.  3.  /?.)  with  other  were  two  monsters  of  this  name,  and  that 

oiicotal  fashions :  Hor.  I.  xxxviii.  the  history  of  either  would  have  answered 

633.  *  The  step-mother  who  has  chil-  our  authors  purpose.  (1)  The  first  was 
dren  of  her  own.'  HG,  the  daughter  of  Publius  Petronius  and 

Thmidut '  in  fear  of  his  life.'  LU,  the  wife  of  Vectius  Bolanus,  a  man  of 

PecfpQ*  is  properly  the  child's  word  for  high  rank  and  estimation,  who  gave  her 

'  frther :'   and  is  here  applied  to   the  twin-children    poison,  in    the  time   of 

pedagogue,  who  had  the  care  of  the  boy.  Nero.    Her  attempt  failed,  for  the  Pro* 

PA.    It  is  natural  thnt  an  orphan,  hav>  treptkon  of  Statins,  written  in  the  begin- 

ing  no  Cither  of  his  own,  should  apply  ning  of  Domitian's  reign,  is  addressed  to 

this  term  of  endearment  to  the  person  who  one  of  them,  who  was  still  a  mere  youth, 

lived  with  him  as  his  guardian,  ditciputi  It  would  seem  from  this  poem  that  the 

cmtim;  vn.  218.  R.  mother  was  put  to  death  by  the  latter 

634.  He  anticipates  an  objection  which  emperor:  exegit  panas,  hotninum  cui  eura 
Biffbt  be  started  :  VS»  **  I  nassthe  bound  suorum,  quo  Pietas  auctore  redit  terrasque 
Of  Satire  and  encroacn  on  tragic  revisit ^  qnem  timet  omnenefas;  V.  S.  ii. 
groaad  !"  G.  90  sqq.  (2)  The  other  Pontia,  to  whom 

*  The  high  boskin  :*  see  note  on  506.  Juveoal  more  particularly  alludes,  was 

J7.     eolm    SophoeUo  tua   earmina  digna  the  wife  of  Dry  mis  ;  whose  family  took 

eetkurme;  Virg.  E.  viii.  10.  PR,  cere  to  perpetuate  her  crime  by  the  fol- 

635. '  The  end  we  proposed  to  our-  lowing  inscription  on  her  tomb:  pontia 

mlwtB,'  quidquid  aguvt  hominet ;  i.  85.  titi  pontii  filia  heic  sita  svm  qvar 

'  Oer    pradeotssors,'    viz.    Lucilius,  dvobvsnatis  a  mevbnenoconsvmptis 

Horaee*    rersius,    PR.    who    confined  avaritiab  opvs  miseke  miii  mortbm 

dienselves  to  real  life.  R.  covscivi.     tv   qvisqivs   fs  qvi   hag 

636.  '  We  rave  as  though  inspired,  transis  si  pivs  esqvaeso  a  ms  ocvlos 

< Stat.  I  S.  ii.  258.)  in  the  deep-mouthed  averts.    It  is  not  unprofitable  to  re- 


ef the  Athenian  bard,  (Mart.  HI.  mark,  that  this  wretched  woman  was 

7.)   a  theme  of  terrific  grandeur.'  driven  to  escape  by  self>murder  from  the 

FA.  LU.  PR.  R.  reproaches  of  her  own  conscience.    To 

The  traffic  masks  were  made  of  hollow  one  of  these  females,  Martial  addressed 

wood '  wiui  a  wide  mouth,*  which  gave  a  the  following  witty  epigram  :  eutn  mittie 

depth  to  the  voice  of  the  actors:  but  turdumve  mihi  quadramve  placenta  rive 

grmnde  and  hiaiu  may  both  allude  to  the  femur  leporis  tive  quid  his  simile ;  bucceU 

pompons  diction  of  tragedy  ;  as  ^^mifuw  las  mirisse  tuas  te,  Pontia,  dieis:  has  ego 

and  Si  i^*»firm)  ftiym,  mt^ffirif  Call.  H.  nee  mittam,  Pontia,  sed  nee  edam  ;   VI. 

ApoL  24.  Luc.  ^ilgr.  t.  i.  p.  60,  carmen  Ixxy.  G.  PA,  VS,  HO.  Id.  II.  xxxiv.6. 

1.  (BK.^ 


Prop.  II.  xxxi.  6.  (BK.)  Pers.  v.  PR. 
3.  (K.)  Prud.  c.  Sym.  ii.  646.  R.  cf.  iii.        Feci  is  the  word  used  by  a  culprit  in 

175.  pleading  guilty ;  asyecttM  vi(i«fur  are  the 

637. '  The  Rntnlians'  were  an  ancient  words  of  the  praetor  in  finding  a  person 

people  of  Latium,  and  the  subjects  of  guilty.  Mart.  IX.  xvi.  2.  R. 

z 


170  THE  SATIRES  sat.  vi. 

Confiteor,  puerisque  meis  aconita  paravi, 
640  Quae  deprensa  patent :  facinus  tamen  ipsa  peregi." 

Tune  duos  una  ssevissima  vipera  coena? 

Tune  duos  ?  "  Septem,  si  septem  forte  fuissent." 
Credamus  tragicis,  quidquid  de  Colchide  torva 

Dicitur  et  Procne :  nil  contra  conor.  et  illse 
645  Grandia  monstra  suis  audebant  temporibus ;  sed 

Non  propter  numos.     Minor  admiratio  summis 

Debetur  monstris,  quoties  facit  ira  nocentem 

Hunc  sexum  et  rabie  jecur  incendente  feruntur 

Prsecipites ;  ut  saxa  jugis  abrupta,  quibus  mons 
650  Subtrahitur,  clivoque  latus  pendente  recedit* 

Illam  ego  non  tulerim,  quae  computat  et  scelus  ingens 

Sana  facit.     Spectant  subeuntem  fata  mariti 

Alcestini  et,  similis  si  permutatio  detur, 

639.  Aconita;  see  note  on  i.  158.  645.  Grandia  monstra,  and  summa 
PR.  monstra,  646  so.  see  note  on  286.  R. 

640.  '  Therefore  it  is  bootless  to  deny  646.  '  Not  for  filthy  lucre/  and,  con- 
the  fact.'     With  qua  understand  parri-  sequently,  in  cold  blood. 

cidia  LU,  or  faeinora.  R,  647.  Aut  amat  aut  odit  femina,  nil  est 

641.  The  female  viper  is  said  to  destroy  tertium;    P.  Syrus.  LU,  See  note  on 
the  male,  and  to  be  destroyed  by  her  own  135.  M.  notumifurens  quidjemina  possit ; 
Toung.  Plin.  yiii.  SCH.  Id.  x.  62.  Arist.  Virg.  JE.  v.  6.  Cic.  Off.  i.  8  exir.   Sen. 
H.  A.  T.  uU.  PR.     **  Did  you  say  all  ?  Med.  579  sqq.  Hor.  I  Od.  xyi.  5  sqq. 
what,  all?   oh,  hell-kite!  alH    At  one  R. 

fell  swoop?"  Shaksp.  Macb.  IV.  iii.  648.  Jecur ;  see  note  on  i.  45.  R. 

642.  Tun$duosf  One  of  the  lawyers  649.  Furor  iraqu€mentemyracijntant\ 
in  the  trial  of  the  Regicides,  after  assail-     Virg.  JE.  ii.  316. 

ing  the  prisoner  at  the  bar  with  a  volley  650.  Cf.  Horn.  II.  N  137  sqq.  Vir^. 

of  invectives,  adds  bitterly  "  For  I  t  h  o  u  M.  xii.  684—^89.  (HF.)  R.  note  on  iii. 

thee,  thou  traitor!"  258. 

Cf.  Senec.  952  sqq.  A.  651.   'Who  calculates.'    jurmukum 

643.  Tragieis ;  Sophocles,  Euripides,  interest  utrum  perturbatione  aliqua  animi, 
and  Seneca.  PR,  ApoUod.  I.  ix.  28.  III.  quee plerumque  brevis  est  et  ad  tempus  ;  an 
xiv.  8.  Virg.  E.  vi.  79.  HY.  consulto  et  eogitato  fiat  injuria :    levtora 

*  Medea,'  the  daughter  of  /fCetes  king  enimsunteaqucerepentinoaliqiuomHuaeei'' 

of  Colchis  and  the  wife  of  Jason,  de-  dunt,  quam  ea  qua  meditata  et  prtfporsla 

stroyed  her  children  when  her  husband  inferuntur;  Cic.  Off.  i.  27?  PR.  nemo  ad 

forsook  her  for  Glauce.  Just.  zlii.  Diodor.  humanum  sanguinem  propter  ipsum  venit 

V.  3.  Eur.  and  Sen.  Med.  Ov.  M.  vii.  1  aut  admodum  panel :    plures  computant, 

sqq.  PR.  R.  quam  oderunt :  nudum  latro  transmittU ; 

644.  Procne,  the  daughter  of  Pandion  Sen.  Ep.  14.  R. 

king  of  Athens,  and  wi&  of  Tereus  kin?  652.  '  In  her  right  mind  :'  see  note 

of  Thrace,  slew  Itys  her  son  and  served  on  ii.  18.  R. 

him  up  to  his  father's  table,  in  revenge  653.  When  the  oracle  declared,  that 
for  the  violence  offered  by  I'ereus  to  her  Admetus  king  of  Thessaly  wold  not  re- 
sister  Philomela.  LU.  Ov.  Met.  vi.  424  cover  from  a  dangerous  illness,  uoleis 
sqq.  PR.  R.  some  one  were  found  who  would  volun- 
'  I  have  nothing  to  say  against  the  teerto  die  in  his  stead  ;  no  one  else  came 
credibility  of  those  stories,  after  what  we  forward,  and  therefore  his  wife  Alcestia, 
have  witnessed  in  our  own  days.*  daughter  of  Pelias  king  of  Theaialy,  de- 


8^T.  Ti.  OF  JUVENAL.  171 

Morte  ^ri  cupiant  animam  servare  catellse. 

^55  Occurrent  multae  tibi  Belides  atque  Eriphylce 
Mane :  Clytssmnestram  nuUus  non  vicus  habebit. 
Hoc  tantum  refert,  quod  Tyndaris  ilia  bipennem 
Insulsam  et  fatuam  dextra  Isevaque  tenebaL 
At  nunc  res  agitur  tenui  pulmone  rubetse; 

660  Sed  tamen  et  ferro,  si  prasgustabit  Atrides 
Pontica  ter  victi  cautus  medicamina  regis. 


voted  her  own  life  for  the  presenration  of  ttirned  from  Troy.    At  the  iostigatioD  of 

her  bosband.  Diod.  v.  SCH»  Apoll.  I.  ix.  her  paramour  she  slew  her  husband  Aga- 

15.  H.    Plat.  D.  de  Am.    £urip.  Ale.  meronoQ  in  the  bath-room  with  an  axe. 

Cic.  T.  Q.  ▼.  78.  PR.  cf.  Hor.  Ill  Od.  VS.  PR. 

is.  1 1  sq.  15  sq.  657.  Securi  divUit  medium  farlmima 

654.  '  If  they  had  a  like  option,  the^  Tyndaridarum  ;  Hor.  1  S.  i.  99  sq.  M. 
wonldsacriBce  their  husbands  to  save  their  "But  here  the  difference  lies;  those 
lap-dog|B.'  LU,  bungling  wives  With  a  blunt  axe  hacked 

655.  Oanaus  and  ,£gyptus,  the  two  out  their  husband's  lives :  While  now, 
sons  of  Belus,  had  each  of  them  fifty  the  deed  is  done  with  dextrous  art.  And 
children  ;  those  of  Danaus  were  all  a  drugg'd  bowl  performs  the  axe's  part, 
dangbten  and  those  of  ^Egyptus  sons.  Yet  if  the  husband,  prescient  of  his  fate. 
These  cousins  were  all  married  in  one  Have  fortified  his  breast  with  miihridate, 
day ;  and  the  Danaides,  that  same  night.  She  baffles  him  e'en  there,  and  has  re- 
slew  their  husbands  (excepting  Hyper-  course  To  the  old  weapon,  for  a  last 
mnestra  who  spared  Lynceus)  and  were  resource."  G. 

condemned,  after  death,  to  draw  water  658.  The  epithets  belong  as  much  to 

from  the  infernal  streams  in  perforated  the  agent  as  to  the  instrument.  R, 

buckets.  Ov.  M.  iv.  461  sq.  LU,  PR.  659.  '  The  business  is  settled.'  FA. 

Hor.  Ill  Od.  xi.  22sqq.  {ML)  M.  Hyg.  <  A  toad  ;'  see  note  on  i.  70.  PR. 

t  170.  Ov.  Her.  xiv.  Apoll.  II.  i.  4.  and  660.  '  Not  but  what  a  Roman  Tyn- 

Ttb.  I.  iii.  79.  (H F.)  k.  daris  could  handle  a  sword  upon  a  pinch.* 

Eriphyle,  the  daughter  of  Talaus  and  FA. 

tbter  of  Adrastus,  was  the  wife  of  Am-  '  Her  Atrides,'  t.  e.  '  her  lord  and 

phiarmus;   who,  aware  (from  his  skill  in  master.'  FA. 

prophecy)  that  he  should  fall  if  he  went  661.  <  So  wary  as  to  fortify  himself 

to  the  Theban  war,  concealed  himself,  against  the  effects  of  poison  with  the 

Eripbyle,  however,  discovered  her  hus-  antidote  of  Mi th rid ates,' king  of  Pontus; 

band  to  Polynices  for  the  bribe  of  a  gold  who  was  vanquished  the  first  time  by  the 

JWcUace :  and,  in  the  war  of  the  Epigoni,  good  fortune  of  Sylla,  the  second  time  by 

she  in  like  manner  (for  the  sake  of  a  the  valour  of  Lucullus,  the  third  time  by 

handsome  robe)  betrayed  her  son  Ale-  the  greatness  of  Pompey.  Plin.  xziii.  24. 

Bueoo  to  Thertander.    eoncidit  auguris  FA.  VS.  Cic.  pro  L.  Man.  PR. 

Argivi  demui,  ob  lucrum  demena  eiilio ;  Poniui  was  famous  for  its  poisonous 

Hor.  Ill  Od.  xvi.  11  sqq.  {Ml.)  PR.  drugs:  Virg.  E.  viii.  95.  PR. 

Xl^.Ath.Ti.4.Apoll.IlI.vi.2.vii.2.  5.  '  Drugs.*  Plin.  xxiii.  7—9.  xxv.  2. 

(HT.)  R.  xxix.   1.  Cell.  xvii.  16.  Mart.  V.  Ixxvii. 

656.  Oeetirrent  mane ;  see  V.  54.  notes  PR.  cf.  xiv.  252  sqo.  App.  B.  Mith. 
cm  vi.  572.  and  601.  i?.  109  sqq.   Dto  xxxvii.    10  sqq.  Seren. 

Chftctmneiira,  the  daughter  of  Tyn-  Samm.  60.  62.  Cels.  v.  23.  Galen  d§ 

dams  and  Leda,  was  livmg  in  adultery  Antid.  ii.  I  sq.  R, 
with  ^gisthus,  when  the  expedition  re- 


'^-C^ 


a^UcMJl^j 


SATIRE    VII. 


ARGUMENT. 

This  Satire  was  probably  written  in  the  early  part  of  Domitian't  reign. 
It  contains  an  animated  account  of  the  general  discouragement  under 
which  literature  laboured  at  Rome.  Men  of  learning  had,  in  fact,  none 
but  the  Emperor,  to  whom  they  could  look  for  patronage.  1 — 37. 

Beginning  with  P  o  e  t  r  y,  30  sqq.  it  proceeds  with  great  regularity  throagb 
the  various  departments  of  H  i  s  t  o  r  y,  98  sqq.  L  a  w,  106  sqq.  Oratory, 
Rhetoric,  150  sqq.  and  Grammar:  215  sqq.  interspersing  many 
curious  anecdotes,  and  enlivening  each  different  head  with  such  satirical^ 
humorous,  and  sentimental  remarks,  as  naturally  flow  from  the  subject.  O. 

As  for  P  o  e  t  r  y ;  many  of  the  rich  nobles  were  poetasters  themselves,  and 
rewarded  a  poem  with  a  song  :  38  sq.  the  utmost  stretch  of  th^r  muni- 
ficence was  to  lend  a  tumble-down  out-house,  for  the  Poet  to  fit  up  for 
his  own  recitation.  39 — 49.  But  poetry  and  poverty  can  never 
flourish  in  the  same  soil.  50 — 97* 

As  for  If  a  w ;  the  only  artifice  by  which  Lawyers  could  get  into  practice^ 
was  by  pretending  to  be  above  the  want  of  it ;  even  though  such  trickery 
often  ruined  them  outright.  106^-1 49, 

But  none  were  more  to  be  pitied  than  the  poor  drudges  who  had  to  keep 
school.  150  sqq.  They,  after  wasting  their  time  upon  dunces,  159  tqq. 
and  suffering  the  pranks  of  incorrigible  boys,  213  sq.  got  nothing  but 
blame  that  their  pupils  did  not  prove  paragons  of  genius  and  gentility. 
158  sq.  The  education  of  children  seemed  the  only  point  in  which 
parents  were  niggardly  :  178^ — 188.  and  even  the  little  which  they  spent 
on  this,  they  would  not  part  with,  till  wrested  from  them  by  legal  pro- 
cess. 228  sq.  And  the  Grammarian,  unless  he  were  a  thorough  pro- 
ficient in  philology,  history,  mythology,  &c.  &c.  would  never  liave  n 
single  day-scholar,  229 — ^243.  R. 


*^T.ni.       THE  §A.TJ(jR^  .OF  JUVENAL.  173 

•^  #  «   ..  . 

< 

Et  spes  et  r^tio  studiorum  in  Csesare  tantum :  >^  <' /^<'^ 
Solus  enim  tristes  hac  tempestate  Camenas 
Respexit,  quum  jam  celebres  notique  poetae 
Balneolum  Gabiis,  Romse  conducere  fumos 
5  Tentarent,  nee  foedum  alii  nee  turpe  putarent 
Prascones  fieri,  quum,  desertis  Aganippes 


1.   *  Whatever  hopes  of   reward  or  piety,  IX.  it.    Pa  Had  a  pratereo:  rtt 

ifeoCiTes  for  study  litenry  men  mar  have,  apt   ilia    tuai',    10.    Suet.    15.    Mas- 

Mn  entirely  owiog  to  C»sar.*    Which  of  noger  io  bis  Romaa  Actor  has  several  io« 

the  Cstan  is  here  meant,  is  a  matter  of  genious  and  truly  classical  allusions  to 

Qootroversy :  (1)  Nero.  ^2)  Titus.    (3)  the    reliance  which   the  tyrant   (bndly 

Trajan;  who  ooilt  the  ulpian  library:  placed  on  the  partiality  of  this  deity. 

Plin.  Pan.  47.  BRL  GR.  R.  (4)  Ha-  A    Pallas  very   generally   accompanies 

drian :  SpartiaD,  3.  16.  R,  (5)  Nenra :  Domitian  on  the  reverse  of  his  coins : 

Mart.  VIll.  Ixx.  IX.  xxvii.  XII.  yi.  but  Beger.  Numism.  xxxii.  4.  And  we  learn 

be,  thoogh  a  poet  himself,  was  Httle  dis-  from  a  passage  of  Philostrates,  that  the 

poaad  to  patiooise  poato  in  others.  (6)  emperor  publicly  declared  himself  to  be 

Dcmiitian ;   VS,  Lu.  SA,  GRX.»   who,  the  son  of  Pallas,  and  required  accord- 

wbatcyer  yices  he  had,  was  a  patron  ojf  ingly  that  divine  honours  should  be  paid 

the  Moses,  FA,  especially  in  the  com-  to  him.    Vit.  A  poll.  vii.  24.  Plin.  ran. 

meocemcnt  of  his  reign.  SueL  9.  quo  nee  xxxiii.  4.   This  satire  would  appear  to 

prtBMmtiuB   aliquid  ntc   $tudiis  magis  have  been  written  in  the  early  part  of 

jmpUium  nnmen  ni ;  Quint.  Pr.  IV.  PR,  Domitian*s  reign  ;  and  Juveoal,  by  giving 

Qnintilian.   Martial,    Statins,    Flaccus,  the  emperor  "  one  honest  line"  of  praise, 

uid   other  learned  men,  tasted  of  bis  probably  meant  to  stimulate  him  to  extend 

boaaty,  M.  and  sang  his  praises  with  his  patronage.     He  did  not  think  very  ill 

Bore    gratitude,    perhaps,    than    truth,  of  him  at  the  time,   while  he   augured 

This  dutiful  prince  had  once  an  idea  of  happily  for  the  future.    And,  indeed,  the 

contesting  the  empire  with  his  father :  bitter  mortification  he  felt  at  finding  his 

fiadiDg  toe  armies,  however,  averse  to  predictions  falsified,  and  his  '  sole  patron 

bis  dmgOB,  he  retired  from   all  public  of  literature'  changed,  in  a  few  years, 

business,  and  with  a  specious  appearance  into  a  ferocious  and  bloody  persecutor  of 

of  content,  lived  in  a  kind  of  solitude :  all  the  arts,  might  have  exasperated  his 

pretending  that  poetry,  and  literary  pur-  resentment,  and  generated  that  intense 

eoiis  in  general,  were  his  only  passion,  hatred  with  which  he  pursues  his  me- 

This  mmtk  he  continued  to  wear  during  mory.  G.  CAR,  L.  ix.  p.  215—217. 

the  reign  of  Titus ;  and  whether  it  was  3.  Respexit ;  Virg.  £.  i.  28.  30.  PR, 

that  habit  begot  a  kind  of  nature,  or  that  4.  '  A  small  bagnio.'  M.    The  dimi- 

be  thonght  it  dangerous  to  lay  aside  the  nutive  is  used  in  aggravation.  R, 

hypocrite  too  soon,  he  did  certainly  pa-  '  At  Gabii'  of  all  places  in  the  world ! 

trooiae  the  arts  at  his  accession.     That  See  iii.  192.  and  vi.  56.  PR. 

lie  afterwards  changed  his  sentiments,  Conducere,  iii.  38  &c. 

mod  fell  suddenly  upon  men  of  letters,  is  '  Public  ovens,'  VS,  so  as  not  to  starve 

equally  certain :  but  this  may  be  readily  either  with  hunger  or  with  cold.  LU, 

for,  from  his  disposition,  whicn  qui  frigus  collegit,  fu  mot  et  balnea 

at  once  crafty  and  violent;  as  repre-  iaudat ;  Hor.  I  Ep.  xi.  12  sq.  GR, 

aented  br  Xiphihn,  Ixvii.  tiiix.    Accord-  5.  T«ntaT9nt\  any  thing,  in  short,  to 

ing  to  ue  custom  of  the  emperors  in  turn  an  honest  penny.    See  the  account 

selecting  some  favourite  deity  for  their  of  Cleanthes,  note  on  ii.  7.  and  D.Laert. 

wofthip,  Domitian  made  choice  of  Mi-  vii.  PR, 

nerva.     His  attachment  to  this  goddess  6.  The  occupation  of  a  public  crier, 

is  frequently  noticed  by  Juvenal's  con-  though  ungenteel,  was  lucrative :  artu 

temporaries.    Thus  Martial,  in  that  de-  diseere   vult  pecuniouul    praeconem 

datable    medley    of   flattery    and    im-  facias  vel  architectum  ;  Mart.  V.  Ivi.  8. 


174 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  YII. 


Vallibusy  esuriens  migraret  in  atria  Clio. 

Nam,  si  Pieria  quadrans  tibi  nullus  in  umbra     * 

Ostendatur,  ames  nomen  victumque  Machaerse 

10  Et  vendas  potiuB,  commissa  quod  auctio  vendit 
Stantibus,  cenophorum,  tripodas,  armaria,  cistas, 
Alcyonem  Pacci,  Thebas  et  Terea  Fausti. 
Hoc  satius,  quam  si  dicas  sub  judice  "  Vidi," 
Quod  non  vidistil     Faciant  equites  Asiani 

15  Quamquam  et  Cappadoces  faciant  equitesque  Bithynij 


II.  LU.  VI.  ?iii.  6.    Thcoph.  Cb.  vi. 
(CAS.)  R.  iii.  167.  M. 

Aganippe  a  fountain  of  Helicon  in 
Boeotia  sacred  to  the  Muses ;  or  that  from 
which  the  river  Perroessus  takes  its  rise. 
Call.  t.  i.  p.  660.  VS.  Virg.  E.  x.  11  $q. 
(5F.)  Paus.  Doeot.  xxix.  Prop.  II.  x. 
26  sq.  R. 

7.  Atria  (1)  'The  Ucinian  Courto* 
and  others  near  the  forum  were  the 
places  in  which  auctions  were  held  :  T. 
ab  atriis  Liciniis  atqne  a  prctconum  eori' 
tettu  ;  Cic.  for  Quint.  12.  26.  vt  in  atriis 
auctionariis  potius  ytiam  in  iriviis  et  com- 
pitis  auctionentur 'j  Id.  i.  in  Rull.  7.  PR. 
or  (2)  '  The  antechambers  of  the  great.' 
BA.  cf.  91.  i.  96  sq.  Hor.  I  Ep.  v.  31. 
Mait.  I.  Ixxi.  12  £cc.  III.  xxxviii.  11  sq. 
R.  See  also  v.  37. 

Clio  (from  »kiot  '  renown*),  '  the  epic 
muse/  is  here  put  for  '  the  poor  poet.'  LU, 

8.  Pieria ;  \y.  36.  PR.  cf.  6.  58  sqq. 
Hor.  II  Od.  i.  39.  Ill  Od.  iv.  40.  R. 

Quatiransy  i.  121.  vi.  447.  PR.  see 
note  on  i.  40.  which  will  sbow  why  it  was 
called  teruncius.  R. 

9.  Machara  is  generally  supposed  to 
have  been  a  famous  crier  of  that  time.  LU, 

10.  Commiua  (1)  'by  commission' 
from  the  magistrate  or  from  the  owners 
of  the  property  :  (cf.  ix.  93 — 96.  M.) 
Or  (2)  in  which  the  bidders  are  '  pitted 
against  each  other  :'  BR.  cf.  i.  163, 
note.  M. 

Auctio  80  called  from  the  price  being 
augmented  by  each  bidding.  BR. 

1 1 .  (Enpphorum  ;  vi.  426.  R. 
Tripodas,    *  tables,    seats,    vases,    or 

cauldrons'  supported  by  three    feet. 
See  note  on  Her.  riii.  82. 

12.  Alcyone,  Theba,  and  Tereut  are  the 
names  of  three  miserable  poems,  probably 
tragedies;  VS.  which  were  sola  among 
other  lumber.  M.  cf.  i.  2  sqq.  62  sqq. 

The  story  of  Alcyone  and  Ceyx  her 


husband,  who  were  both  transfenned 
into  birds,  occurs  in  Ov.  M.  xi.  270  sqq. 
644  iqq.  LU.  Apoll.  I.  tu.  4.  9.  111. 
X.  1.  {HY.)  R. 

Of  Paccius  nothing  further  is  known. 
The  variety  of  reading  in  these  lines  is  of 
little  consequence.  For,  luckily,  the 
works  of  these  jmxs  did  not  long  survire 
(it  may  be,  preceded)  them ;  or,  to  bor- 
row the  felicitous  expression  of  a  lady  la- 
menting the  premature  fate  of  her  infant, 
**  Their  babes,  which  ne'er  received  the 
gift  of  breath,  Did  pass  before  them 
through  the  gates  of  death  !*'  G. 

The  family  of  the  LaMortc/cp,  who 
reigned  at  <  Thebes,'  afforded  inexhausti- 
ble themes  for  tragedy.  LU, 

Tereut ;  vi.  644,  note.  PR, 

Fauiius  may  be  the  same  perwn  ai 
Martial  ridicules;  XI.  Ixiv,  R. 

13.  '  It  is  better  thus  to  get  an  honest 
livelihood,  than  by  perjury  to  amass  an 
equestrian  fortune,  as  rascally  foreigners 
do.'  PR. 

Sub  judice  ;  iv.  12.  xvi.  29.  R. 

14.  '  Now  knights,  once  slaves.'  LU, 
Pen.  v.  79.  PH.  Petron.  29.  63.  R, 
Or '  needy  foreigners,  who  flock  to  Rome, 
in  order  to  make  their  fortunes  by  their 
wits,  and  wear  gold  rings  in  order  to  pass 
for  knights.'  ACH, 

*  Asiatic :'  cf.  iii.  68—122.  Mart.  X. 
Ixxvi.  R. 

16.  Cappadocia  was  a  country  of  Asia 
Minor,  between  Galatia  and  Armenia. 
PR.  r^im  »d9'*m  mitu^ra  BjHiTir,  KmW' 
*£i»*%tt  fiiktnu*  Suid.  LU,  Minerii 
Asice  populis  nulla  Jide*  est  adhibenda ; 
Cic.  for  Flac.  cf.  Titus  i.  12.  M.  This 
people  (according  to  the  Scholiast  on 
Fers.  vi.  77.)  were  from  their  infancy 
habituated  to  the  torture,  so  as  to  be  well 
tfained  for  false  witness^.  R. 

Bit  Alalia  .another  countryof  Asia  Minor, 
between  Phrygia  and  the  Bosporus.  PR. 


«AT,ni.  OF  JUVENAL.  175 

Altera  quos  nudo  traducit  Gallia  talo.      J     /  !  ! 
Nemo  tamen  studiis  indignum  ferre  laborcm 
Cogetur  posthac,  nectit  quicumque  canoris 
Eloquium  vocale  modis  laurumque  momordit. 

^  Hoc  agite,  O  juvenes :  circumspicit  et  stimulat  vos 
Materiamque  sibi  Ducis  indulgcntia  quserit. 
Si  qua  aliunde  putas  rerum  exspectanda  tuarum 
PrsBsidia  atque  ideo  croceae  membrana  tabello? 
Impletur ;  lignorum  aliquid  posce  ocius  et,  qua? 

25  Componis,  dona  Veneris,  Thelesine,  marito 

Aut  claude  et  positos  tinea  pertunde  libellos.  ' 

16.  '  The  other  Gaul'  t.  e.  Galatia  or  into  a  volume,  a  small  piece  of  '  co- 

GtUogrtteia;  VS.   Flor.  ii.  11.  LU.  loured   parchment,  was   pasted   on   the 

'  Barefooted  ;'  cf.  i.  1 1 1.  PR,  Claud,  outside,  which  served  not  only  as  a  cover, 

xviii.  35  sqq.  and  Pers.  vi.  77.  K.     Or  but  as  a  label  to  the  work  when  it  was 

'ao  poor  that  they  had  not  a  shoe  to  their  placed  in  the  bookcase.    Cat.  p.  ro.  52 

feel-'M.                           f  sqq.   (FO.)  Tib.  111.  i.  9  sqq.   (HY.) 

•  Trmnsplaoti.'  W.  •  transports.'  LU,  PTR,  (RA.)    (3)  They  also  used  to 

18.  19.  A  periphrasis  for  '  a  good  rub  the  skins,  when  filled,  with  oil  of 
poet.'  VS,  numerii  neettre  verba ;  Ov.  cedar  or  citron  to  preserve  them  from 
Foot.  IV.  ii.  30.  Quint.  VIII.  iii.  moths  and  worms.  (/M.)  Plin.  xiii.  13. 
le.  R.  (HA.)   Ov.  Tr.  1.  i.  5.  (H.)  R.     (4) 

19.  Bards  were  called  ht^fn^myw  Many  of  their  books  were  made  up  into 
Lycoph.    ( Jlf£.)    Sophocl.    from    their  leaves  and  pages,  like  ours,  and  put  into 


_  the  bay/  by  which  they  fancied  cedar  boards  :  see  100.   '  A  book  bound 

themadTee  to  become  inspired.  GR.  FA.  in  yellow  Morocco.'  ACH.  cf.  i.  5  sq. 

Hot.  Ill  Od.  xxz.  16.  (BY.)    Call.  H.  24.  Ociut;  »v»  av  (pfiifott  mlrZr  see 

DeL94.  (5P.)  Tib.  II.  v.  65.  Theoph.  note  on  Her.  vii.  162. 

Ch.  zvL  1.  (CAS.)  R.  25.  '  The  husband  of  Venus.'  [i  M^ 

20.  Hoeagiu!  48.  This  expression  is  •  rnt  Kv^^nt'  Anacr.  xlv.  1.]  for'  Vul- 

hniiiar  in  Terence  %   Kun.  I.  ii.  19.  50.  can,'  and  that  for  '  the  fire.'  LU.    quo 

II.  iiLS5.  And.  1.  ii.  15.  II.  v.  5.  III.  ambuUu  tu,  qui  Vulcanum  in  comu  eon- 

V.  8.  Ace.  M.  R.    It  calls  the  attention  elusum  gerisl    *  Where  are  you  going 

of  those  addresKd  to  the  matter  in  hand  ;  with  your  horn  lanthernV  Plant.  Amph. 

it  WIS  the  form  used  in  solemn  rites,  I.i.  PR.  ftuellaVenerivovittpoetcBscripta 

GK.    and   uttered   by  the   crier  when  tardipedi  deo  €laturam,infelicibus  u»- 

I  magistrate  was  sacrificing  or  taking  tulanda  tignis ;  Cat.  xzzvi.   1   &c.   ilia 

GR,  BR,    Like  the  admonition  velim  rapida  Vuleanus  earminaflamma 


of  the  bedel  to  the  candidates,  in  the  torreat ;    Tib.  I.  ix.   49  sq.   R.    Thus 

cueBoinial  of  conferring  ordinary  De-  Ceres  is  used  for  'corn,*  Bacchus 

IPtesat  Oxford,"  You  will  all  attend,  for  'wine,'  Neptune  for  'the  sea,' 

Gentlcmeo  !"  Jupiter  for'  the  air,'  Mars  for '  war,* 

21.  Dmx  is  used  as  synonymous  with  &c.  cf.  also  Hor.  I  Od.  xxv.  19  sq.  xx?i. 
Impirmiar ;  ii.  104.  ir.  145.  R.  see  note  2  sq.  [Her.  rii,  141  n.  100.  £D.] 
OB#r^«TV)^'  Her.  T.  38.  Thelisinut  maybe  the  poet  to  whom 

22.  '  From  any  other  quarter  than  this  satire  is  addressed :  LI/,  perhaps  the 
fron  Cesar.'  VS.  same  person  as  mentioned   Mart.  III. 

23.  (1)  •  The  skins'  on  which  they  xl.  VI.  1.  XII.  xxv.  R. 

vrote  were  white  within,  and  '  yellow'  26.  '  Perforate  with  the  worm,'  i.  e, 

OQ  the  back  where  the    hairs   of   the  '  leave  them  for  the  book- worm  to  de- 

«iii«al  grew:    libtr  €t  bicolor  positU  vour.'   SCH.    Mart.  XI.   i.    14.    XIV. 

•emkrana  eopiUii ;  Pers.  iii.  10.  (Ci45.)  xxxvii.  2.  Hor.  II  S.  iii.  1 19.  I  Ep.  xx. 

SCH.  (2)  When  the  book  was  made  up  12.  Ov.  Pont.  I.  i.  72.  R. 


17()  FHi:   SATIllKS  SAT.  VII. 

Frange  miser  calamos  vigilataque  proclia  dele, 
Qui  facis  in  parva  sublimia  carmina  cella, 
Ut  dignus  venias  hederis  et  imagine  macnu 

30  Spes  nulla  ulterior :  didicit  jam  dives  avarus 

Tantum  admirari,  tantum  laudare  disertos,   ,  /     i  ^     ' 
Ut  pueri  Junonis  avem,     Sed  deiluit  aetas  \^  htf^r^ 
Et  pelagi  patiens  et  cassidis  atque  ligonis.  I/U^ 

Tsedia  tunc  subeunt  animos,  tunc  seque  suamque 

35  Terpsichoren  odit  facunda  et  nuda  senectus. 

27.  Ttang^  Uvet  ealamat  et  scinde,  in  a  cell,  to  get  a  dark  pale  face.  To 
Thalia,  tibelUa ;  Mart  IX.  Izxiv.  9.  PR.    come  forth  worth  the  irj  or  the  baji, 

frange  t  puer,  calamos  et   inanei   detere  And  io  this  age  can  ho)ie  no  other  grace— 

Musas ;  Calp.  iv.  23.  i?.  Leave  me  !  there's  something  come  into 

Vigilata  '  which  have  cost  you  many  a  my  thought,  That  must  and  shall  be  fong 

sleepless  night.' M.  Ov.  F.iv.  109.  CH.)  high   and  aloof.   Safe  from  the  wolfs 

Virg.  G.  i.  did.  (617.)    Stat.  Th.  xii.  black  jaw,  and  the  doll  aas*s  hoof!*'  G. 
811.  (B.)    thus,  muUo  labore  sudatum        A  '  meagre'  recompense  for  all  the 

thoraea ;  Sil.  iv.  434.  R.  pains  it  costs  trobtain  it;  and  as  '  lank 

Either  ( 1 )  '  destioy'  with  the  6ames,  and  lean'  as  its  balf-stanrcd  protolyM. 

or  (2)  *  obliterate'  with  the  blunt  upper  SCA,  cf.  Pers.  pr.  6.  (IT.)  FR*    An 

end  of  the  style,  while  they  are  still  on  equivoque. 

the  waxen  tablet  and  not  yet  transferred        31.   *'  To  praise  and  only  praiae.'* 

to  the  parchment,  or  (3)  '  erase'  with  This  is  prettily  imitated  by  Spenier: 

pumice-stone,  after  they  have  been  copied  "  So  praysen  babes  the  peaoock'a  spotted 

out  fairly :    the  parchments  were  then  traine.  And  wondren  at  bright  Argna' 

called  rtfXi/K^ifrra.  PTR,  (Ri4.)    Cic.  blazing  eye  :  But  who  rewards  him  ere 

ad  Div.  iv.  47.  vii.  18.   Mart.  XIV.  vii.  the  more  forthy  1  Or  feedes  him  once  tlie 

Cat.  xzii.  6.  R.  fuller  by  a  graineV  Shop.  Cal.  .£gl.  !• 

28.  "  Who  rack  your  brains  In  garrets,  31  sq.  And  Randolph,  wdo  had  Spenier 
cocklofts,  for  heroic  strains."  G.  Mart,  as  well  as  Juvenal  m  his  mind:  "  The 
III.  xlviii.  1.  VII.  xiz.2l.  See  note  on  plowman  is  rewarded;  only  we  Tliat 
iii.  199.  R.  qvosfama  vigilarejuvat ;  Ov.  sing,  are  paid  with  our  own  melody:  Ricfa 
A.  A.  iii.  413.  churles  have  learnt  to  praise  ua,  and  ad- 

29.  Venias;  Ov.  Her.  iv.  113.  F.  v.  mire,  But  have  not  learnt  to  think  na 
648.  (H.)  Prop.  I.  v.  32.  {VU,  PAS.)  worth  the  hire.  So  when  great  Juno's 
Virg.  JE,  V.  344.  vii.  470.  and  Tib.  I.  beauteous  bird  displaies  Her  starry  tail, 
ii.  76.  (HY.)  R.    See  note  on  ii.  83.  the  boyes  do  run  and  gaze  At  her  prond 

Poets  were  crowned  not  only  with  bay,  train  ;"  Poems  p.  78.  G. 
but  with  •  ivy :'  Virg.  E.  vii.  26.  PR.  32.  '  The  bird  of  Juno.'  vi.  626,  note. 
doetarum  hedera  prcemia  frontium ;  Hor.  Ar^  centum  oculos  nox  oeeupat  una:  tx* 
I  Od.  i.  29.  because  the  Muses  were  the  cipit  hot  voluerisque  tute  Satvmia  pmnm 
companions  not  only  of  Apollo,  but  of  coUocat  et  gemmis  eaudam  tttlUmtibHM  »•• 
Bacchus.  R.  cf.  Mart.  VIII.  Ixxxii.  Ov.  plef,  Ov.  M.  i.  721  sqq.    So  far  lie 
A.  A.  quoted  in  the  note  on  106.  bo3r8  from  giving  any  thing  to  the  pen- 
Private  libraries  were  adorned  with  the  cock,  that  they  rather  would  rob  him  of 
statues  of  men  of  learnine  and  genius :  his  fine  feathers.  PR. 
notes  on  ii.  4  sqq.  R.  and  the  busts  of  <  Is  gliding  away,  iniennbly  bnl  en- 
eminent  writers  were  often  placed,  to-  tirely.'  Hor.  I  Ep.  i.  42. 
gether  with  their  works,  in  the  temple  33.  Pafieni  ret  means  '  able  to  benr 
of  the  Palatine  Apollo.  PR.  rr(^«Mv  /th  the  fatigue  attendant  on  a  thing.'  Hor*  I 
l;^«f  aS^w.  V^i^if  T  Av'cXacXMf  Aiiat.  Kq.  Od.  viit  4.  MI. 

632.    'I  his  passage  gave  Jonson  a  tran-  <  A  sea-faring,  a  military,  or  an  ngri- 

sient  fit  of  enthusiasm  :  *'  I  that  spend  cultural  life.'  R.  cf.  St  Luke  xvi.  3. 

half  my  nights,  and  half  my  days.  Here  35.   Terptichore  (ri^tt  and  x*^)  > 


^•t,  TIL                       OF  JUVENAL.  177 

Acdpe  nunc  artes,  ne  quid  tibi  conferat  igte, 

Quern  colis,  et  Musarum  et  ApoUinis  aede  relicta. 
Ipse  fadt  versus  atque  uni  cedit  Homero 

Propter  mille  annos,  aut,  si  dulcedine  fames 

^  Ui  Ijric  miiBe.'  PR,  M.  Nuda  itiuetut ;  numerot  Fifrtuna  dedwitf  turn  tsset  capitl 

^y.  49.  81.  Ov.  Her.  is.  164.  R.  Batsus  tanta  corona  tuo.'*    It  must  be  confeMed 

^40.  80.)  it  probably  bere  alluded  to,  as  that  the  Pope  and  his  frieod  make  but  a 

4?iiiotiliaD  obtenres  that  he  had  a  fervid  sorry  figure   by  the  side  of  Augustus 

^eoios,  the  warmth  of  which  was  not  and    his    Greek    poet;     who    surpass 

chilled  by  age :    z.   1.  PR»    "  Paua  them    as    much    in    genuine    humour, 

4a  giattutudt,  t  Von  andate ;  La  mc-  as  in  urbanity  and  good  breeding.    G. 

cAiose,  wundiea  di  aottanta,  BuUmmia  '  The  temple  of  the  Moses'  (or  raUier  of 

fMt  ddU  perdutM  tUU'y*   S.  Rosa  SaL  Hercules  Musagetes)  was  dedicated  by 

n.  O.  Fulvius  Nobilier  and  restored  by  Mar- 

2Sm  "  Hear  new  what  sneaking  ways  dus  PhiHppus;  that  of  Apollo  was  built 

joor  patrons  find  To  save  their  darling  by  Augustus  in  the   Palatium.    These 

gold*  *    Ihit  Bufb  of  Pope  is  shadowed  edifices  were  used  both  as  libraries  and 

o«t  in  part  from  this  animated  passage  :  as  rooms  where  men  of  letters  might  as* 

*'  Till  grown  mora  frugal  in  nis  riper  semble  for  the  purpose  of  conversation  or 

days.  He  paid  some  baras  with  port,  and  recitation.  Plin.  xxzv.  10.  and  Suet.  Aug. 

soae  with  praise;   To  some  a  dry  re-  29.  {BU.  ER.)  Pen,  pr.  7.  (K.)  Hor.  I 

hernnal  was  assign'd.  And  others,  harder  S.  z.  38.  and  II  £p.  iii.  387.  ( IVIE.)  ii. 

still!    he  paid  m  kind."    There  is  a  92  sqa.  (BF.)  I  £^.  iii.  VJ.BRLLU. 

^tr^  good   stoiy    told    by  Macrobius,  PR,  ii,  R,     Calliitratum  Ditnotthenn, 

which  will  Bot  be  much  out  of   the  Aeudtmia   cum  Platone  relicta, 

way  here.    A  Greek  poet  had  presented  tee  tat  us  ett;  Ammian.  xxx.  4.  is  imi- 

Aagustoa  Cssar  with  many  little  com-  tated  from  this  passage.  HR,  see  note 

plinents,  m  hopes  of  some  trifling  re-  on  7. 

•nineration.  The  emperor,  who  found  JEde  '  the  temple ;'  €edes,  40. '  a  pri- 
them  worth  nothing,  took  no  rK>tice  of  vate  house :'  note  on  iii.  31.  A. 
the  poor  man,  but  as  he  persisted  in  38. '  Yields'  in  his  own  conceit.  M. 
ofeuig  him  hb  adulatory  verses,  com-  This  whole  passage  ridicules  the  absurd 
pesed  himself  an  epigram  in  praise  of  itch  for  writing  which  pervaded  all  claises. 
th«  poet ;  and  when  he  next  waited  on  cf.  i.  1  sqq.  A. 
him  vrith  his  customary  panegyric,  pre-  ^  Homer ;'  vi.  436.  PR, 
KDted  his  own  to  him  with  amazinff  39.  He  judges  of  wit,  as  of  wine,  by 
gravity.  The  man  took  and  read  it  with  its  ae  e :  as  though  Homer  had  little  else, 
apparent  aatialMtion  ;  then  putting  hu  save  his  aatic^uity,  to  recommend  him.  cf. 
howl  into  his  pocket,  he  deliberately  Hor.  II  Ep.  i.  18sqq.L(7.  An  opinion 
drew  oat  two  farthings  and  gave  them  which  Horace  justly  explodes.  R, 
to  the  Emperor,  saying ,  «£  umrik  rnt  rv^if,  *  A  thousand  years*  in  round  numbers. 
Jfoffim^rrtiwXMUmaxf.wUUfmifMmi  cf.  Veil.  P.  i.  5.  and  SA,  p.  866.  R. 
OilmfT  "  This  is  not  equal  to  the  demands  Homer  lived  about  160  years  before  the 
ofyovrsitumtion.  Sire;  but 'tis  all  I  have:  building  of  Rome;  VS.  and  in  A.  U. 
'if  I  had  more  I  would  give  it  you."  840  (=  1000  years)  Juvenal  would  be 
AugnstoSs  who  was  not  an  illnatured  between  forty  and  fifty. 
nan,  could  not  resist  this  ;  he  burst  into  '  If  you  are  particularly  anxious  to 
a  fit  of  laughter,  and,  as  Macrobius  says,  recite  your  poems,  and  will  be  contented 
Bade  thapoet  a  handsome  present,  ii.  4.  with  empty  fame,  without  any  more  sub- 
In  allusion  to  this  passage  the  Italians  stantial  marks  of  approbation,  he  will  ac- 
salate  that  Pius  the  third,  on  being  pre-  commodate  you  with  a  large  empty  room, 
acDtcd  with  a  panegyric  in  verse,  by  one  painted  with  damp,  and  tapestried  with 
wboexpccted  s  pecuniary  return,  gave  him  cobwebs.'  Plin.  H.  N.  xi.  24  «  28.  Horn, 
thefollowingdisrich: '•&»ci<«pr<»numms  Od.  n  35.  {CK,)  Prop.  III.  iv.  33. 
"m  apermref  poetm,  ntutare  eat  animus  (BK.)  Anth.  Lat.  t.  ii.  p.  564.  (BC/.) 
sa,  nam  •airrv."  To  which  the  other  Tib.  I.  z.  49.  (HK.)  Cat.  xiii.  8.  and 
lly  replied^  "  Si  tibi  pro  numerit  Izviii.  49.  (7)(E.)  Anth.  Gr.  i.  1.  p.  282. 

2  A 


178  THE  SATIRES  sat.  vii. 

40  Succensus  recites,  maculosas  commodat  aedes. 

HflBC  longe  ferrata  domus  servire  jubetur, 

In  qua  soUicitas  imitatur  janua  portas. 

Scit  dare  libertos  extrema  in  parte  sedentes 

Ordinis  et  magnas  comitum  disponere  voces. 
45  Nemo  dabit  regum,  quanti  subsellia  constent 

Et  quae  conducto  pendent  anabathra  tigillo 

Quaeque  reportandis  posita  est  orchestra  cathedris. 

Nos  tamen  hoc  agimus  tenuique  in  pulvere  sulcos       '   . 

Ducimus  et  litus  steriii  versamus  aratro. 
50  Nam  si  discedas,  laqueo  tenet  ambidosi 

Consuetudo  mali :  tenet  insanabile  multos 

Scribendi  cacoethes  et  segro  in  corde  senescit. 

(J A,)  Diatr.  on  Eur.  fr.  p.  169.  {VK.)  On  these  occarions  three  kinds  of  seats 

HR.  were  used  :  (1 )  tutueliia '  the  benches  in 

40.  Recites :  on  this  custom  see  Pers.  the  body  of  the  room ;'  (2)  anabrntkn 
i.  15  saq.  PIL  notes  on  i.  1. 12  sq.  ii.  *  the  rising  seats  ranged  against  thewaUa 
Of  Saleius   Bassus  the  poet  (v.  80.),  of  the  apartment ;'  (3)  eathedret '  chairs, 
Tacitus   (if  he  be  the   author)  says:  for  the  better  sort  of  company,  in  front  of 
tjuum  toto  anno,  per  omne*  diet,  magna  the  benches,  and  immediately  before  the 
noetium  parte,  unum  Ubrum   extudit  et  stage  from  which  the  reciter  spoke.'  LL 
elucnbravit,rogare  ultra  et  ambirecogitur,  46.  Pendent  *  rise  abo^e  the  floor.'  c£. 
ut  tint,  qui  dignentur  audire ',  et  ne  id  xi.  107.  Sil.  ii.  128.  vi.  645.  R. 
quidem  gratis :  nam  et  damum  mutuatur,  47.  The  chairs,  being  merely  hired  lor 
et  audiiiirium  exstruit,  et  subsellia  eon-  the  occasion,  were  '  to  be  carried  back' 
dueit,  et  libellos  dispergit ;  et  ut  beatissi'  and  paid  for,  as  soon  as  done  with.  LI/. 
mus  reeitationum  ejus  eventus  prosequatur ,  PR. 

omnie  ilia  laus  intra  unum  aut  alterum         Orchestra;  iii.  178.  PR, 

diem,  velut  in  herba  %)eljlare  praceptOy  ad        48. '  We  are  busily  intent  upon  our 

nullam  eertam  et  solidam  pervenix  j'rugem,  unprofitable  task.'  SCH.  cf.  20.  M.  i.  17 

nee  aut  amieitiam  inde  refert,  aut  eUente-  sq.  R. 

lam,  aut  mansurum  in  animo  cujusquam         *  To  sow  seeds  on  the  sands'  and  '  to 

benefieium,  sed  elamarem  vagum  et  voces  plow  the  seashore'  were  proverbs  to  ez« 

inanes  et  gaudium  voluere ;  D.  de  Or.  9.  press  '  labour  in  vain.'  £.    quid  orwNr 

R.  semina    mandasf   non  prqfecturii  liiorm 

41.  '  A  house  that  has  been  long  bubus  aras;  Ov.  Her*  v.  115  sq.  SCH, 
untenanted.'  R.  cf.  i.  167,  note.  M, 

'  To  be  at  your  service.'  R.  49. «  Sterile,*  i.e,  without  the  proiptct 

42.'  Whose  portals,  bolted  and  barred,  of  any  return  for  our  trouble.  203.  loi. 

resemble  the  gates  of  a  besieged  town.*  97.  Mart.  1.  Ixxvii.  14.  X.  xviii.  3.  R. 

LU.  Vertere  '  to   turn,'  versare  *  to  katp 

43.  '  He  packs  his  freedmen  in  the  turning.' 

back  rows,  tnat  they  may  give  the  cue,  50.  '  If  you  try  to  draw  off.'  PR* 

unobserved,  to  frequent  plaudits.'  R.  *  Holds  enchained.'  cf.  xiii.  239 sqq.  B. 

44.  <  His  Clients  (i.  46.  iii.  47.  284.  '  Vain-glorious;'  ambit iof  pauptt- 
vii.  142.)  he  distributes  over  the  benches,  tas;  iii.  182.  Liv.  xlv.  36,  8.  (ORd) 
that  their  loud  cheers  of  admiration  may  Quint.  I  ii.  22.  {SPA,)  R. 

come  from  all  parts  of  the  room,  as  often  51 . '  Custom,'  which  is  second  natora. 

as  the  leader  of  their  bands  gives  the  pre-  seu  stupor  huic  studio,  sive  eu  tniofiNi 

concerted  signal.'  PHn.  Ep.  ii.  14.  R,  nomen  ;  Ov.  I  Tr.  xi.  1 1.  PO, 

45.  Regum ;  i.  136.  R.  52.  '*  The  insatiate  itch  of  scribbling 


^  1  ^ 


' .-  -  i 


^^•^-  VII.  OF  JUVENAL.  179 

Sed  vatem  egregium,  cui  non  sit  publica  vena, 
Qui  nihil  expositum  soleat  deduccre  nee  qui 
**^  Communi  ferial  carmen  triviale  moneta, 

Hunc,  qualem  nequeo  monstrare  et  sentio  tantum, .  f 

Anxietate  carens  animus  facit,  omnis  acerbi    A^/'^*''^^*^  ^'^ 
Impatiens,  cupidus  silvarum  aptusque  bibendis     O^'*  v 
Fontibus  Aonidum.     Neque  enim  cantare  sub  antro 
^  Pierio  thyrsumve  potest  contingere  sana 

Paupertas  atque  aeris  inops,  quo  nocte  dieque 

CreepA,  like  a  tetter,  through  the  human  Virg.  £.  iii.  26.  ¥B,  effugUndtan  est  ab 

wnst.  Nor  knows,  nor  hopes,  a  cure."  amni  vtrborunt  vililatt,  et  sumenda  voces  a 

G,  umuinhi  wag,  properly,  a  kind  of  plAe  summola ;    Petron.  GRM,  Cic.  for 

»Jcer,Tery  diaScolt  to  cure.  Ccls.  v.  28,  2.  Mur.  6.  pr,  cf.  x.  22.   Ov.  Tr.  1 V.  i.  5 

Pfio.  xxii.  26.  PR.    Id.   xxiy.  3.   10.  sqq.  Calp.  i.  28.  ( If  E.)  R. 


«vi|M  TO  f  «  r  «  f  «v  ^^mftm*  PallaU.  xv.  4.  '  Stamp.'  Gracas  voces  Latina  mo  net  a 

tMMta  meo  come*  ut  iuutuia  morbo ;  Ov.  percuterei  Apul.  Ap.  p.298,  33.  Sen. 

Tr.  ii.  15.  R.  £p.  34,  extr»  licebit  signatum  prtrsente 

£gro  *  distempered.'  Af.  LU,  nota  producere  nomen ;  nor.  A.  P.  58  sq. 

CenU ;  L  45.  h.  (BY.)  R.  PR. 

53.  Imgenium  cui  sit,  cui  mens  divhiior,  57.  Ov.  Tr.  v.  12.  Hor.  I  Od.  xxvi. 
elfait  Of  magna  mmaturumt  de$  nominis  1.  R. 

kaJMM  hmtergm;  Hor.  I  S.  iv.  43  sq.  PR.  58.  '  Impatient  of  restraint ;'  G.  '  ex- 
^/■yiw  H  «r«HiTJh*  Af  ^x  *^€**t  '''''•  iirSf  empt  from  suffering.'  R. 
^»,  Xmf  fOfus  ysf9tu»9  AixM*  Arist.  li.  Carmina  seeessum  sorUmitis  et  otia  qua* 
96  as^  FA.  toeta  ntucittirf  non  fit ;  there-  runt ;  Ov.  I  Tr.  i.  41.  scriptariim  clutrue 
fare  It  it  absurd  for  any  one  to  attempt  to  omnis  amat  nemvs  etfugit  urbes,  rite  cUcm 
torn  poet  for  the  sake  of  bread,  cf.  iii.  78.  Bacchi  somno  gaudentis  et  umbra  ;  Hor. 
Hor.  II  Ep.  ii.  61.  Pers.  pr.  8  sqq.  II  £p.  ii.  77  sq.  PR.  Bacchum  in  remo- 
te AS.)  An  Augustus  and  a  Mtscenas  tie  carmina  rup^us  vidi  docentem ;  II  Od. 
are  not  to  be  met  with  in  every  age.  xix.  1  sq.  (MI.)  VS.  me  gelidum  nemus 
62.  fi.  secemit  papula ;  I  Od.  i.  30.  32.  IV  Od. 
'  A  poetical  vein :'  a  metaphor  from  iiL  10 — 12.  of,  8.  Tac.  de  Or.  9  estr.  R. 
Biinng.  12.  egio  nee  stadium  sine  divite  59.  '  Aooian  Nymphs.'  In  Boeotia, 
V£nmpn§e  rude  quid  possit  video  ingenium;  (the  mountainous  part  of  which  was 
Hot.  a.  P.  409  sqq.  PR.  called  Aonia,  M.)  there  were  many  spots 

54.  Expoeitum  *  vulgar.'  Quint.  II.  v.  sacred  to  the  Muses ;  LU.  as  Hippocreue, 
19.  (SPA.)  X.  V.  11.  Stat.  I  S.  ii.  24.  'Helicon,  Aganippe,  cf.  6.  PR.  Pers.  pr. 
Thcb.  ii.  188.  R.  1.  (K.)  Prop.  11.  viii.  19  sqq.  R.  Virg. 

'  To  spin  out.'  GRJE.  324.  tenui  de-  £.  vi.  65. 

dmeu  pmmataJUo;  Hor.  II  £p.  i.  225.  60.  <  Pierian/   8.  FA.    Hor.  I  Od. 

Or.  Tr.  I.  i.  39.  Pout.  I.  v.  13.  tMs^ms  xxxii.  1.  II  Od.  i.  39.  Ill  Od.  iv.  40. 

AeiUt  Antip.  Ed.  Ixx.  Tib.  IV.  i.  211.  (BY)  R. 

Pers.  V.  5.  (Gil5.)  R.  cf.  praferre  and  The  thyrsi  were '  the  spears  of  Bacchus 

pr0du0»re  '  to  iMue,'  in  Hor.  A.  P.  and  his  votaries,  enwreathed  with  vine- 

58  eq.  leaves  and  ivy.'  PR.    The  blow  of  the 

65*.'*  He,  from  the  glowing  mint  of  god*s  wand  wassupposed  to  communicate 

lioeyf  poors  No  spurious  metal,  fused  inspiration ;  and  hence  those  thus  inspired 

fton  eonimoo  ores.  But  gold,  to  match-  were  called  io^^e^xSiyst.  OR.  see  note 

Um  purity  re6oed.  And  stamp'd  with  all  on  58. 

fljOgodhend  in  his  mind."  G.  Excludit  sanos  Helieone poetas  Demo- 

Ferire  '  to  hit  off!'  M.  critus;  Hor.  A.  P.  296  sq.  GR. 

Nemtu  intriviis,  indocte,  stdebas stri"  61.  Paupertas  t.  e,  *  a  poor  poet.*  cf. 

demti  wuuntm  OipuUs  dieperdere  carmen  9  53.  R. 


180  THE  SATIRES  »at.  ni. 

Corpus  eget :  satur  est,  qimm  dicit  Horatius  etob  I  />'■' 
Quis  locus  ingenio«  ni^i  quum  se  cannine  solo       .  ^ 

Vexant  et  doming  Uurhae  Nysseque  feruntor  ^*^  "Jjr&i^ 
65  Pectora  nostra,  duas  non  admittentia  curas  7 
Magnse  mentis  opus  nee  de  lodice  paranda 
Adtonitae,  currus  et  equos  faciesque  Deorum 
Adspieere  et  qoalis  Rutulum  confundat  Erinnys^ 

\nop%  \  note  on  iii.  164.  Veruniur  \  ▼!.  315,  note 

62.  If  Horace  (lee  II  S.  n.  4d — 54.)        65.  '  Two  cares,'  poetry  and  the  prv- 
ever  felt  what  it  was  to  want,  it  was  but    Tiding  of  necessaries.  hU, 

for  a  short  time.    He  was  in  affluent        66.  Lodiee;  vi.  195.  A. 
circumstances  before  the  battle  of  Phi-        67.  '  Over  aniious'  LU,  *  distracted' 

lippi,  and  three  years  after  it,  he  was  M.  *  bewildered' '  nervous.' 
taken  into  the  favour  of  Mecenas ;  and        In  this  and  Ae  following  lines  Juvenal 

his  best  poems  were  written  subsequently  alludes  to  various  passages  in  Virgil,  ^te 

to  this  period.    His  Odes  were  mostly  whom  he  was  evidently  very  partial,)^ 

composed  later  than  his  Satires.  Jtf.  R.  but  chiefly  to  these  two :   (I)  DwAm 

EuE  \  Hor.  II  Od.  xix.  5.  7.  BRl,  ineUmtniia,  div&m  hat  evertii  opt$  tUr* 

tM7(from  wi  and  «/) ;  Virg.  M,  y\\,  389.  nitqM  a  euUnine  TVi^em.   a  if  sp  tec:  ^. 

Ov.  M.  iv.  522.  cf.  Eur.  Ph.  660,  B.  jam  iummta  area  TVilimis,  rupiett  Pat* 

141.  (BAR,)  Arist.  Th.  999.  (fiOlT.)  lot  intedk,  nimbo  effuigmu  «t   GsfgoM 

Skion.  Ep«  viii.  9.  R.  imva,     ipti  pater  Danaii  animoi  wwt^u^ 

63.  Speuser  had  this  passage  in  his  »eeundas  tuffieit ;  ipu  den  in  Dairdmnm 
thoughts,  when  he  wrote  the  following  tuseitat  arma»  apparent  dir^  fuim 
noble  lines  :  "  The  vaunted  verse  a  va«  \nxm\ca<i\u  TrejiB  numina  magna  &Am  } 
cant  head  demaundes  ;  Ne  wont  with  Md.  ii.  602 — 623.  (2)  luctijuam  Aleti^ 
crabbed  care  the  '  Muses  dwell ;  Un-  dirarum  ah  ude  terorum  infemuqua  dat 
wisely  weaves,  that  takes  two  webbes  in  ten«6ni ;  ^e.  Aketo  exartit  in  im,  at 
hand.  Who  ever  casts  to  coropasie  Juveni  oranti  tubitus  tremor  eeempai 
wightie  prise.  And  thinkes  to  throwe  out  artut ;  derigttSre  oeuU  ;  tat  Erinnyt  siM* 
thundring  words  of  threat.  Let  powre  in  iat  hydrit,  tantaque  se  fa^m  aperit :  4pew 
lavish  cups,  end  thriftie  bittes  of  meate,  olti  tomrmm  ingent  rumpit  pawor, 
Tor  Bacchus  fruite  is  friend  to  Phoebus  et  artus  perfundit  toto  prontptue 
wise;  And,  when  with  wine  the  braine  tudor;  ^n.  vii.  323— 571.  PR,  Tl 
begins  to  sweat,  The  numbent  flowe  as  are  good  specimens  of  the  tublime,  aspe 
fast  as  spring  doth  rise.  Thou  kenst  not,  cially  the  first ;  yet  might  not  oar  antnor 
Percie,  now  the  rime  should  rage ;  O  if  have  found,  in  the  compass  of  Latia 
my  temples  were  distain'd  wiui  wine,  poetry,  soraethiog  more  to  his  purpoaat 
And  girt  in  girlonds  of  wilde  yvie  twine.  From  Ennius,  Horace  has  a  qnotatiott 
How  I  could  reare  the  Muse  on  stately  of  much  force  and  sublimity :  and  L  s- 
stage,  And  teach  her  tread  aloft  in  buskin  c  r  e  ti  u  s  (who  had  also  his  Mecenas) 
fine.  With  quaint  Bellona  in  her  equi-  would  have  famished  examples  of  gicater 
page !"  Shep.  Cal.  ^gl.  x.  100  sqq.  G.  fire  and  animation.     But  Lucretius  vraa 

64.  Apollo  and  Bacchus  were  'the  doomed  to  misfortune:  his  contempo* 
lords'  of  Cirrha  and  Nysa :  VS.  of  which  raries  neither  saw  his  beauties  nor  nb 
the  former  was  the  sea-port  of  Delphi  defects  -,  and  succeeding  writers,  if  they 
near  the  base  of  Parnassus,  LU.  Mart,  did  not  entirely  neglect  his  poetry,  pins* 
I.  Ixxvii.  the  latter  some  mountain  or  city  dered  him,  and  were  silent.  His  phi- 
of  the  East ;  but  there  were  no  less  than  losophy  ruined  his  poetry  in  the  eyes  off 
eleven  plaees  of  this  name  :  A  poll.  III.  Rome.  G.  cf.  Virg.  M.  xii.  SSfe  sq. 
iv.  3.  and  Virg.  JE,  vi.  806.  (HK.)  R.  Af. 

Strab.  zv.   Diod.  iv.  5.  v.  1.  Mart.  IV.        68.  •  The  Rutulian.'  vi.  637.  PR.  L 

xliv.  PR.  from  some  one  of  which  the  162. 

Sd  was  called  Dionysus.  M,    note  on        The  Furies  were  three   in  number, 

er.  iv.  87.  Alecto,  Tistphene,  and  Megvra.  LU. 


SAT.  VII.  OF  JUVENAL.  181 

Nam  si  Virgilio  puer  et  tolerabile  d^sset 
70  Hospitiuniy  caderent  omnes  a  crinibus  hydri: 

Surda  nihil  gemeret  grave  buccina.     Poscimus,  ut  sit 

Non  minor  antiquo  Rubrenus  Lappa  cothumo, 

Cujus  et  alveolos  et  Isenam  pignerat  Atreus. 

Non  habet  infelix  Numitor,  quod  mittat  amico : 
75  Quintillae  quod  donet,  habet ;  nec^defuit  illi, 

Unde  emeret  multa  pascendum  carne  leonem  .    . 

Jamdomitum:  constat  leviori  belua  sumtu  ^/-z^>x<V  f*-^^^    '* 

Nimirum  et  capiunt  plus  intestina  poetae. 

Contentus  fama  jaceat  Lucanus  in  hortis 
80  Marmoreis :  at  Serrano  tenuique  Saleio 

69.  '  Had  not  Virgil  been  id  eaay  cir-  trician.'  SCH,  viii.  93.  R.  inftiix  is  used 

evMUDoei,  the  ^^omjt  of  his  genius  irooicaUy  :  bis  roe  a  ones  s  was  his  mis- 

wo«]d  hare  flagged/  Lu.     Virgil  (if  we  fortune.  VS,                                         ^ 

caa  credit  Donatns)  possesnd  {yrof  lb,  Qmntilla  his  mistress.  VS»  pauper 

eemtm  as.)  about  a  million  and  a  half  amtcitic  cum  tU,  Lupe,  non  eg  amtctf ; 

atniiBg*  owing  to  the  munificence  of  his  Ifart.  IX.  iii.  1.  R. 

fnendt,  and  had  a  town  house  in  £i9ut/itf  76.  This    was   a    fanc^  among   the 

■ear  the  gardens  of  Mccenas,  though  he  Romans.     Lamprid.   Heliog.  21.  Plin, 

■pent  flMMtof  his  time  in  retirement  at  his  viii.  8  sq.  16  sq.  52.  GelJ.  v.  14.  Mart. 

cSuapanian  villa  (Oell.  vii.  20.)  and  in  Sp.  x.  11.  Ixxv.  &c.  PR.  I.  cv.    Capit. 

SieUj.  B.  Gord.  .33.  R. 

71.  Smrdm,  by  ca tach  resis,  si^ifies  77.  Hanno  the  Carthaginian,  accord- 
'  B«le'  aa  well  as  *  deaf.'  LU.  xiiu  194.  ing  to  Pliny,  was  the  first  who '  tam^'  a 
M.     8il.  vi.  75.    Mt0fit  has  the  same  lion.  T. 

variety  of  meaning.  H,  note  on  Her.  i.  76.  Nimirum  ;  ii.  104,  note.  R, 

94.  Capiunt ;  Ov.  A.  A.  iii.  757.  (H.)  R. 

Gem§rH;  n.  90.  LU.  79.  '  Itistruethata  wealthy  person 

Bmttimm  ;  Virg.  JE.  51 1-~522.  PR,  may  write  for  fame,  and   fame  only.' 

'  Yel,  ffoiaooth,  we  are  so  unreasonable  Lu,    cf.  81.    quid  p§titur  $aeriiy   nisi 

as  to  exped.' A.  tantum  famatpoetist  hoevotumnoitri 

72.  Rmkrtnut  Lappa  was  an  ingenious,  tumma   laborit  habet;    Ov.   A.  A.   iii. 
but  oeedy,  tra^  poet.  VS,  403  sq. 

Csdbme;  vi.  506.  634.    ^schylus,        M.  Annaut  Lueanut,  a  ver^r  rich  Ro- 

Sophocles,  aund  Euripides  were  wealthy  man  knight,  of  Cordova  in  Spain,  the  son 

and  inflnential  men  in  their  day.  LU.  cf.  of  L.  Ann.  Mella  and  nephew  of  Seneca 

Piad.  OL  iii.  9  sq.  the  tragedian,  and  an  intimate  friend  of 

73.  Aheeiat ;  ▼.  88.  7.  PR,  Saleius  Bassus  and  Persius.  According 
Letmam;  iii.  283.  v.  131.  PR.  to  Quintilian,  he  was  an  orator  rather 
Figtur&i  *  occasiona  the  pawning  ofl*  than  a  poet :  x.  1.    He  was  at  first  a 

135.  92.  iiL  1 16.  T.  favourite  with  Nero,  but  was  put  to  death 

Aireue  is  the  name  of  a  tragedy  of  his:  by  that  tyrant  in  the  flower  of  his  age. 

thna  Agawe,  Pehpea,  PhUomela,  87.  92.  Tac.  xv.  PR,  Id.  xvi.  17.  R. 

Tetepluu,  Orettet,  and   Tereus,  L  5  sq.  Hortis-,  cf.  Ov.  Tr.  L  xi.  37.  ACU. 

vii.   12.  12.     AtreuSf  the  son  of  Pelops  Plin.  xix.  4  pr.    Cic.  Off*,  iii.  14.  R.  i. 

and  Hippodamta,  and  king  of  Mycenie,  75,  note. 

slew  the  children  of  Thyestes  who  were  80.  Serranut  (cf.  Virg.  JE.  vi.  845.(f/.) 

bom  in  adultery  of  hb  queen,  and  served  Cic.  Rose.  Am.  18.  Plin.  xviii.  3.  Val. 

theuB  up  to  their  own  father.    Sen.  Thy.  Max.  IV. iv.  5.)  was  a  family  name  of 

PR.  the  Atilian  cUn.  Plin.  iU.  14.  Sil.  vi.  62. 

74.  «  The  high-bom  and  wealthy  pa.  (DR.)    PER,  An.  Hist.  i.  p.  24.  33. 


182  THE  SATIRES  sat.  vii. 

Gloria  quantalibet  quid  erit,  si  gloria  tantum  est? 
Curritur  ad  vocem  jucundam  et  carmen  amic® 
Thebaidos,  Isetam  fecit  quum  Statius  urbem 
Promisitque  diem.     Tanta  dulcedine  captos 
85  AiBcit  ille  animos  tantaque  libidine  vulgi 

Auditur;  sed,  quum  fregit  subsellia  vereu,     '  .   /,' 
Esurit,  intactam  Paridi  nisi  vendat  Agaven. 
Ille  et  militise  mtiltis  largitur  honorero, 
Semestri  vatum  digitos  circumligat  auro.| 

NothiDg  further  i«  known  of  this  poet  omticfnMfmngtnUm ;    Sidon.  Ep.  t.  FA, 

except  that  he  was  over  head  and  ears  in  CAS,  R* 

debt  to  a  money-lender.      Mart.  IV.  87.  '  Never  seen  or  heard  by  any  one.* 

zxxvii.  3.  R.  PA,  BTLu  1 ,  note,  hi  tragicM  numimtre 

Bas$u$  SaUiM   was    another  of  our  modot:   his  fab  u  la  Tereui,  kit  needum 

author's  contemporaries,  who  was  '  poor  eammis$a  ehoro,  eantaiur  Agavt;  Claud. 

in  parse/  but  rich  in  merit  and  poetical  Eutr.  ii.  363  sq.  iZ. 

talents,  LU,  abtohuiisimut  poeta,  accord-  Parit;  vi.  87,  note.  PR, 

ing  to  Tacitus.  D.  Or.  5.  9.  see  notes  on  Authors  '  sold'  their  plays  to  pneton, 

35.  and  40.  who  also  mentions  that /he  anliles,  or  others  who  exhibited  public 

once  received  a  present  of  five  hundred  games.    Ter.  Hec.  pr.  I.  vii.  II.  zliz. 

sesterces  from  Vespasian,  (a  prodigious  Ov.  Tr.  ii.  507  sqq.  R, 

iflbrt  of  generosity  in  that  frugal  prince,)  A   poem  (most  probably,  a  tragedy) 

and  this  was  su£Bcient  perhaps  to  make  on  the  story  of  Agave,  daughter  of  Cad- 

Domitian  neglect  him ;  for  ne  was  not  mus  and  Harmonia,  mother  of  Pentheus 

over-fond  of  imitating  his  father.  G.  PR,  by  Echion,  king  of  Thebes.     Her  aon 

Mart.  III.  xlvii.  Iviii.  V.  xxiv.  liv.  VII.  was  transformed  into  a  boar,  and  torn  to 

xcv.  VIII.  X.  R.  E^^^^^  ^y  ^^  mother  and  aunt,  in  their 

83.  The  subject  of  '  the  Thebaid'  is  Bacchanalian  revels.    Hygin.  184.  PA. 

the  war  between  Pol>nices  and  Eteocles ;  BR.  Pers.  i.  100  sqq.  PR,  Hor.  II  S.  iii. 

Ponticus  also  wrote  an  epic  poem  on  the  303.  Ov.  M.  iii.  501  rqq.  Af.  cf.  73.  Stat, 

same  story  (Prop.  i.  7.)  ;  and  it  afforded  Th.  iii.  190.  iv.  565.  xi.  318.  R. 

a  theme  for  tragedy  to  ^E^schylus,  Seneca,  88.  <  This  actor  too  has  the  disposal  of 

PR,  and  Euripides.  many  a  commission  in  the  army.'  PR, 

P.  Papinitis  Statiui  was  a  native  of  cf.  92.  R. 

Naples.     He  wss  taken  into  favour  by  89.  In  other  words, '  makes  them  nili- 

Domitian,  and  repaid  the  emperor's  pa-  tary  tribunes  for  six  months.'  xf^^' 

tronage   by  gros^  Battery.      He  spent  p»^»vet    yik^    vm    rr^rtM^tifffanr    «J 

twelve  years  on  his  '  Thebaid,'  and  oied,  X'^**€X**'    ^^    IkmrrSMn    ri)«f«- 

soon   after  commencing   the  Achilleid,  f»^wTmr   A  pp.  K.  Pun.  104.   cf.  u  28, 


Th.  xii.  812  sqq.  {B,)  R,  angvsticiavn,  (the  former  of  senatorial, 

84.  Notice  was  given,  by  bills,  of  '  the  the  latter  of  equestrian  families;   Suet, 

day  of  recitation.'  R.  Aug.  38.  0th.  10.  Tac.  A.  ii.  59.  xi.  4.) 

86.   'He  has  broken  the   benches,'  the  purple  border  which  they  wore  being 

either  (1 )  'by  the  crowds  who  6ocked to  either  broad  or  narrow  accordingly, 

hear  his  verses:'   Suet.  Claud.  41.  or  LI.  SA.     This  border  seems  to  have 

(2)  *  by  the  vehemence  of  his  recitation  :'  answered  the  purpose  of  gold  lace  in  our 

i.  12.  note,  or  (3)  '  by  the  plaudits  of  the  days.    The  boatswains  and  boaUwnins' 

auditors.'    cogno$centium  quoque  fregere  mates  at  Greenwich  Hospital  are  dia- 

tubsellia  ;    Martian.  Capell.  hune  olim  tinguished  by  the  broad  or  narrow  gold 

perorantem,  it  rhttcrita  tedilia  pUiutibiU  lace  on  their  coats  and  hats ;  if  the  com- 


SAT.  yu.  ,        OF  JUVENAL,  183 

90  Quod  non  dant  proceres,  dabit  histrio.     Tu  Camerinos 

£t  Bareas,  tu  nobilium  magna  atria  curas  ? 

Praefectos  Pelopea  facit,  Philomela  tribunos. 

Haud  tamen  invideas  vati,  quern  pulpita  pascunt. 

Quis  dbi  Maecenas  ?  quis  nunc  erit  aut  Proculeius 
95  Aut  Fabius?  quis  Cotta  iterum?  quis  Lentulus  alter? 

parison  be  not  derogatory  to  the  ifmeitr«i  complain  at  all  ?  Was  be  asbaroed  of  his 

miliiuAi,  as  the  aaUior  of  Javenars  life  influence  at  court  1     He  was  more  likely 

calls  them.  to  have  gloried  in   it.     Others  say  by 

I  wish  there  were  toy  authority  for  Hadrian,  when  Jurenal  was  an  old  man 

rapposiog   *  the    six-months*    or    half-  of  fourscore,  merely  because  these  lines 

month's  gold'  to  be  so  called  from  its  were  supposed  to  cast  Noroe  reflection 

conferring  a  permanent  appointment,  but  upon  an  actor  who  was  a  great  favourite 

with  only  half  the  annual  stipend:  with  the  emperor.    If  so,  this  imperial 

BO  that  toe  permission  to  wear  it  would  patron  of  letters  was  guilty  of  a  most 

give  an  booorary  or  brevet  rank,  (a  arbitrary  stretch  of  authority,  and  a  most 

real  command,  I  am  convinced,  it  never  unprovoked  piece  of  cruelty.  G. 
could,)  which  gave  the  possessor  a  claim        93.  '  That  lives  by  the  stage/  ^sehy^ 

to  tonething  like  half-pay,  without  re-  lus  $t  modicU  inttravit  pnlpita  tienis ; 

quiring  actnl  serrice ;  or,  at  any  rate,  to  Hor.  A.  P.  279.  PR,  iii.  174.  M.  a.  87. 

certain  privile^  and  immunities.  [Livy  ziv.  267.  R. 

▼,  4.  ED.}  Iliis  favour  ^whatever  the  pre-        94.  Macenas,  by  his  generosity  to  Vir- 

dw  nature  of  it  might  oe)  was  bestowal  gil  and  Horace,  transmitted  his  name  to 

by  generals  and  prefects.    Thus  Pliny  future  ages   as   an  appellative  for  all 

entrcmts  Somus,  one  of  Trajan's  lieu-  munificent  patrons  of  literature.  LC7.  PJi^ 

Icnaiits,  to  confer  this  honour  on  the  Spenser  has  an  allusion  to  these  lines : 

acpbew  of  his  friend  C.  Nepos :  C.  Cat-  **  But  ah  I   Mecsenas  is  yclad  in  claye, 

MMcai  NtpaUm  vtUde  diligo:   hune  rogo  And  great  Augustus  long  ygoe  is  dead, 

sca#iiri  tri6ttfialtt  spUndidioum  et  And  all  the  worthies  liggen  wrapt  in 

sifts  ti  mmnteuh  tmo  Jaciat ;   Ep.  lA  4.  lead.  That  matter  made  for  poets  on  to 

iDd  in  another  piece,  he   transfers   a  playe:  Forever,  who  in  derring- doe  were 

tribmieahip  which  he  had  obtained  for  dread.  The  loftie  verse  of  hem  was  loved 

Soetoaius,  at  the  historian's  own  request,  aye ;"  Shep.  Cal.  i£gl.  x.  61  sqq.  G. 
to  one  of  his  relations :  iiL  8.  G.  ProeuUius  another  bountiful  knight  of 

90.  Htatrio  m  a  Tuscan  word.  Liv.  vii.  the  Augustan  age.     Hor.  II  Od.  ii.  6. 
«.  V.  Max.  iL  4.  PR,  (ML)  Tac.  A.  iv.  40.  (LL)  Quint,  vi. 

The   Camnim  viiL  38.   H.    were  a  3.  (BC7.)  Plin.  vu.  45.  (HA.)  R. 
funily   of    the    Solpician    clan.     PR,        95.  Fabiut  Maximut  was  a  noble  pa- 

P.  Smip,  Camerimus  was  one  of  the  tri-  tron,  to  whom  Ovid  addressed  several  of 

MBvirs  sent  to  Athens  for  Solon's  laws.  his  epistles  from  Pontus ;  PR.  M,  I.  ii. 

91.  The  BantB  were  of  the  Marcian  v.  ix.  II.  iii.  III.  iii.  viii.  (if.)  QuinL  vi. 
dan.  Tac.  A.  xii.  53.  R.  iii.  116.  PR.  3.  R. 

Airia  ;  note  on  7.  A.  Aurelhu   Cotta,  as  well    as  Fabius, 

92«    Pelopm    was    the    daughter    of  joined  to  great  bberality  the  rarer  quality 

Tbjeslcs ;  .£gisthus  was  the  offspring  of  of  fidelity  in  distress :  6.   Ov.  Poot.  II. 

their  incestnoos  intercourse.  LU,    73,  viii.  III.  ii.  v.  PR,   te  tamen  in  turba 

PRm  or  ritAiviMi,  the  daughter  of  non  autim,  Cotta,  siUre,  Pieridum  lumen 


Felias:  ApoUod.  I.  ix.  10.  (HY,)  R,  prcBtidiumque  fori ;   Id.  IV.  xvi.  40  sq. 

Fmeit '  gets  the  authors  made.'  cf.  iii.  (H,)  R. 

1 16.  note.  P.  Lentulus  Sptnther,  who  was  mainly 

PkUemwIa;  vi.  644,  note.  LU.  instrumental  to  the  recall  of  Cicero,  and 

It  is  said,  that  in  consequence  of  this  to  whom  the  orator  writes  thus:  magna 

raasage,  Juvenal    was    iNinished    from  est  hominum  opinio  de  te,  magna  commen" 

Rome;  by  whom,  is  a  matter  of  dispute,  datio  liberalitatis',  Ep.  Fam.  i.  7.     Cic. 

Some  say  by  Domitian,  owing  to  a  com-  ad  Div.  i.  1  sqq.  M.  R. 

plaint  by   Paris.     But  why  should  he  It  may  be  wondered    that  Juvenal 


iB4  THE  SATIRES  sat.  vii -^ 

Tunc  par  ingenio  pretium :  tunc  utile  multis, 

Pallere  et  vinuni  toto  nescire  Decembri. 
Vester  porro  labor  fecundior,  historiarum 

Scriptores :  petit  hie  plus  temporis  atque  olei  plus ; 
100  Namque  oblita  modi  millesima  pagina  surgit 

Omnibus  et  multa  crescit  damnosa  papyro. 

Sic  ingens  rerum  numerus  jubet  atque  operum  lex. 

Quae  tamen  inde  seges  ?  terrse  quis  fructus  apertae  ? 

Quis  dabit  historico,  quantum  daret  acta  legenti  ? 
105  Sed  genus  ignavum,  quod  lecto  gaudet  et  umbra. 

•honld  never  mention  Pliny,  who  was  indulge  more  freely :  Macr.  L  7. 10.  Sea. 

oerttioly  generous,  and  in  some  cases  £p.  18.47.  Ath.  ziv.lO.  Suet.  Claiid.  6. 

muniBcent.    Ue  bad  here  an  opportunity  Cat  17.  PR,  Lucian.  Sat.  R.  m  tiitr^ 

of  doiog  so:  but  perhaps  it  struck  him  tatt  Dseembri  uttr§;  Hor.  II  S»¥ii. 

that  there  was  more  of  vanity  than  of  4  sq.  LI7. 

genuine  kindness  in  the  favours  Pliny  99.  '  Midnight  oiL'  G.  1.  61.  M^ 

conferred.    In  one  of  his  letters  he  men-  100  '  Passing  all  bounds.'  If. 

tions  his  kindneu  to  Martial;  but  in  a  Cum bentturr exit  vtnufmmpmginm 

way  that  shows  he  was  thinking  mora  of  prtiiM;   Ov.  Am.  I.  i.  17.  see  nola  ob 

himself  than  of  the  poeU    The  whole  23.  R. 

account  is  degrading.    It  was  not  thus  101.  'A  ruinous  undertaking,  wkidi 

that  Lentolus  and  Cotta  showed  their  never  pays  for  the  paper.'  LU. 

love  of  ffenius.  G.  In  palmatum  fiUu  primum  taijplitm* 

96.  Fuit  maris  aniiqui  eot  qui  vd  nn-  turn :  deiwU  quarwniam  arbertim  UtHi: 
guUmtm  laudti  vtl  urbium  ieripurant,  out  paatea  fnMiea  wumwrnerUa  piutmbeit  vdm 
honerAus  aut  ptcumia  tmare :  no^ris  vero  mtnidau,  ma*  st  privata  lUtuii  etmjki 
i§mporibus,  ut  alia  tpeeiota  et  egregia,  ita  eeqitm,  uut  cerii ;  pontes  premiaeme  pmtmk 
hoe  imprimis  exolevit :  nam  pe^quam  destiti-  vtus  rei  qua  eanstat  immartmiUas  kaminum : 
mut  taudandafieere,  laudari  quoque  inep'  papyrus  ergo  naseUur  in  ptUustrikut 
turn  putamus ;  PI  in.  £p.  iik  ult,  PR.  JEgypti :  prttparantwr  ex  §a  ekartm  dhfitm 
curadueumfiuruntoUmregumquepoetcB,  aeu  in  prettenues  sed  quam  latierimM 
prgmiaque  antiqui  magna  tutere  ehori:  fibras^  Plin.  xiii.  12.  and  II.  PR* 
sanetaque  mqjestas  et  erat  venerabile  nomen  102.  Rerum  *  of  facts.'  G. 

vatibus:   et  target  setpe  dabantur  opes;        'The  rules  to  be  observed  in  compos- 
Ov.  A.  A.  iii.  S)5  sqq.  ing  hiitory'  are  given  by  Cic.  de  Or.  fi. 

97.  Pallere;  Pers.  v.  62.  PR.   Id.  i.     16.  PR. 

26. 124.  Hor.  I  Ep.  iii.  10.  M.  Paleness  103.  The  meUphor  is  Uken  from  agri* 

was  a  characteristic  of  students  as  well  as  culture  :    apertte   '  broken    up   by  the 

of  lovers:  pallet',  aut  amat,  aut  studet;  plough;*  7.  thus  also  mcsfm  Jsprtndcrf ; 

cf.  Quint.  VII.  X.  14. 1.ii.  18.  Ov.  A.  A.  112.  R.  cf.  Rom.  vi.  21. 

i.  729  SQ.  SPA.  104.  '  To  a  notary  public ;'  ACH.  or 

'  To  be  a  stranger  to  wine,*  Jest  it  it  may  be '  the  reader,  who  was  ett- 

should  impede  one's  studies :  quidJ  quod  gaged  to  read  aloud  the  exploita  re- 

fis  mente  quidem  recte  uti  potsumus  muUo  coAed  in  history,  was  much  better  paid 

eibo  et  poiione  eompleti;  Cic.  T.  Q.  v.  than  the  author,  who  had  been  at  all 

100.    Horace,  on  the  contrary,  who  was  the  pains  of  investi  gating  and  nar- 

himself  a  bon  vivant,  prescribes  wine  for  rating  the  facts.'  R. 

poeU,  on  the  authori^  of  Cratious,  aad  10>5.  '  But  the  excuse  of  these  penuii- 

instances  Homer  and  Ennius  as  examples  ous  nobles  is,  that  historians  are  an  indo- 

of  its  good  effects :  I  Ep.  six.  1  sqq.  lent  race  of  animals.'  R.    They  formed 

PR»  much  the  same  enlightened  judgment  as 

'  December'  was  the  month  of  the  a  man  who  complained  to  one  of  his  old 

Saturnalia,  when  it  was  the  custom  to  masters  of  the  sad  alteration  that  had 


SAT.  m.  OF  JUVENAL.  185 

Die  igitur,  quid  causidicis  civilia  praestent  / 
Officia  et  magno  comites  in  fasce  libelli  ?      / 
Ipsi  magna  sonant,  sed  tunc,  quum  creditor  audit, 
Pnecipue,  vel  si  tetigit  latus  acrior  illo, 
1 10  Qui  venit  ad  dubium  grandi  cum  codice  nomen. 
Tunc  immensa  eavi  spirant  mendacia  folles 
Conspuiturque  sinus.     Veram  deprendere  messem     y    1^ 
Si  libet;  hinc  centum  patrimonia  causidicorum,     r^/1  *"  ' 


^f     Uxii^     /r 


likeo  place  at  Oxford  since  his  younger  108. '  They  talk  big  before  a  creditor ; 

^sySp  when    he  was  much   in   request  and  are  most  substantial  men  according 

VDODg  the  junior  members  of  the  Uoi"  to  the  statement  they  give  the  banker 

^msity  io  their  6shing  and  shooting  ex-  who  has   advanced   them   money  upon 

onioos ;  "  There's  a  very  idle  set  of  credit,  when  he  ventures  to  press  for  the 

feBtlemen  in  College  now.    They  never  settlement  of  a  long-standing  account.' 

thooC    They  never  go  on  the'  water.  HK. 

TImj  do  nothing:  nothing  but  read  lp*i  understand  eautidici,  LU. 

hmm  nMNning  till  night.*'     Nunc  hedera  Magna  is  used  adverbially;  LU,  verba 

jaeent :  eperataque  doetit  cura  may  be  understood.  §J§f  ^9  r^  ^iy»  «is^- 


tigU  Mum  nomen  inertis  habet ;  Ov.  v(nm  ««)  •;^Xii(tv  Jvou  mi)  ^^«rvf  t   §v  r»tf 

A.  A.iiL  411  iq.  ti»mi»X0y»et  /tiff,  AXXa  mm)  tmV  tifX*' 

The  ancients  bad '  couches' made  pur.  ftiutt  rtifr*  x^^*f***'     ^uc.  Tim.   11. 

poadj  for  writing  and  studying :  quadam  'i'hese  expressions  are  generally  applied 

mnd  fH€B  pouU  et  in  cUh  seribere;  to  bragging.  V.  Flacc.  i.  262.  (BC/.) 

tectum  et  otium  et  tecretum  Prop.  II.  xv.  53.  ( FC7.)  A. 

Sen.  £p.  72.  non  quidquid  109.    Levum  qui  fodiett   latut\ 

lee  tit  teribitur  in  citretf;  Hor.  I  £p.  Yi«51.  etibito  tangtre;   Hor. 

Pen!,  i.  52  sq.  FA.  gratiai  ago  tenteiuti,  II  S.  v.  42.   Pers.  iv.  34.  R, 

fmd  leetulo  me  amxit;  Sen.  Ep.  67.  110.  '  With   a  large   account-boot.' 

i.  ss.  not  in  his  bedroom,  but  m  his  Cic.  Verr.  i.  36.  (iii.  28.  vii.  17.)  for 

•tndj.  LI.  a  vatibui  eontemto  colitur  Rose.  Com.  1  sq.  PR.  R. 

ieetnt  et  umbra  foro;  Ov.  A.  A.  iii.  Nomen  '  a  debt.'  SCH, 

619.  643.  Tr.  I.  zi.  37  sq.  Piin.  £p.  111.    'The    hollow    bellows    of   his 

▼.  1.  Soet  Ang.  78.  (CAS.)  cf.  28.  79.  cheeks  and  lungs.'  VS.  at  tu  conclusas 

R,  kireinit  foilibus  aurai  u$que   laborantee 

IseU  Bay  also  be  put  for  tomno :  for  dum  ferrum  molliat  ignii,  ut  mavis,  t'mi- 

ttriptorum  Jterut  omnis  amat  nemus  et  fu-  tare',    Hor.   I  S.  iv.  19  sqq.  tu  neque 

gkurhee,  rite  eUent  Baeeki  tomno  g a U'  anhelanti,  coquitur  dum   matsa  eamino, 

dentie  et  umbra;    Hor.  II  Ep.  ii.  folle  vremis  ventot-,  Pers.  v.  10  sq.  PR, 

77  aq.  vneui  tub  umbra  lutimut  tecum.  The  lungs  are  compared  to  bellows  by 

ItfMle;  I  Od.  xxzii.  1  sqq.  FA,  cf.  8.  R.  August,  de  Civ.  D.  xiv.  24.  R. 

106.  '  If  their  indolence  be  a  bar  to  112.  He  talks  away  till  he  foams  at 
jonr  bonnty,  let  ua  shift  our  ground  :  do  the  mouth  and  bespuiters  all  his  vest. 
000  will  tax  the  lawyers  with  laziness.'  R,  LU.  FA.    It  is  one  of  the  characteristics 

CmtiiUieut  h  almost  always  used  in  a  of  itf^x^^uth  Jitfffi^ruv  (r«v  W«X«»)  Ji^'i 

comleniptnous  sense.  Ov.  Am.  I.  xiii.  21.  rw  ^r4fiar»r  Theoph.  Ch.  19.  ^i^Xs^**' 

{BU.)    kie  eUmoti  rabiata  fori  jurgia  ol   r^f^aiufnt  riaXn  \f   rSf  ^^U^aXi- 

uettdent  improbut  trot  et  verba  loeat ;  Sen.  yte4mi'  Hesycb.     Antimachua  an  Atbe- 

H.  F.  172  sqq.  R.  nian  was  called  ^attett ,  because  ^^o^iffMu 

CivfiM  offieia  *  the  services  rendered  to  r«»f  0V9»fuX»ufT§tt  ^j«Aiy»]MiMf  *     Schol. 

citixcna.'  PA.  on  Arist.  Acli.  iv.  7.  R.    Hor.  II  S. 

107.  'A   bundle.'    l^ftmiei   M^ximr  t.  41. 

TImo|^.  Cb.  vi.  ^m/m)  hmmmnm  fitfiXim'  '  The  actual  harvest  ;*  in  answer  to 

Aiiitot.  in  Dionys.  H.  R.  103.   PR. 

UkelU  *  brielb.'  VS.  113.  Mine  '  in  the  one  scale.'  LU. 

2  B 


186  THE  SATIRES  sat.  vil 

Parte  alia  solum  russati^ne  Lacernse.  'yX  •    '0  6 
115  Consedere  duces :  surgis  tu  pallidus  Ajax 

Dicturus  dubia  pro  libertate,  bubulco 

Judice.     Rumpe  miser  tensum  jecur,  ut  tibi  lasso 

Figantur  virides,  scalarum  gloria,  palmoe. 

Quod  vocis  pretium  ?    Siccus  petasunculus  et  vas 
120  Pelamydum  aut  veteres,  Afrorum  epimenia,  bulbi. 


114.  Lof^rna  was  a  favourite  charioteer  pose  '  a  blood-vessel  in  tbe  lungs*  to  be 
of  Domitian's,  VS,  and  one  of  the  '  Red'  meant ;  LU.  FA.  as  the  andents,  in 
party,  cf.  vi.  590.  Petron.  25.  (H.)  general,  were  but  indifferent  anatomists. 
Dio.  Ixi.  6.  (REL)  BO,  p.  448.  He  is  iri4tf  §yf  4*  UmTpm  ^vmiutf  kMwwm,  ii»  s«2 
called  ruttat%i$  Laetrna,  as  Felix  rv  mtm^myiit  ^mfftty^*  Luc.  £pi8C.  21. 
rtMatu*  auriga',    Plin.  vii.  53.  prasi-  R,  Anst.  R.  953. 

nui  Porphyria;  Mart.  XIII.  Ixzviii.  2.  118.  When  advocates  gained  a  cause, 

auriga  albatus  Corax ;   Plin.  viii.  42  s  the  triumph  was  notified  by  the  entrance 

65.  R.  of  their  house  being  adorned  with '  palm- 

115.  A  parody  on  eon «0(2«re  ducts  branches.'  These  poor  lawyers  lived  in 
et,  vulgi  Hants  corona,  turgit  ad  hot  garretSp  and  could  therefore  only  decorate 
elypei  dominus  teptemplicis  Ajax;  Ov.  with  evergreens  '  tbe  staircase'  leading 
M.  liii.  1  sq.  By  dueet,  here,  are  meant  up  to  their  chambers.  Suet.  Dom.  23. 
'  the  judges ;'  by  Ajax,  '  the  barrister.'  CAS.  BRO,  tic  fira  mirtntur,  nc  U 
UU.  luJUart  T  §Sr  r»r  T,  Z  LUytfH*  Pallatia  laudeni,  excolat  et  geminae  pht- 
Xiyr  Luc.  Pise.  24.  R.  nmapafma^orM;  Mart.  VII.  xxviii.  5  sq. 

'  Sallow' from  confinement  at  his  desk,  PR,  cf.  iii.  199,  note,   palmafirefuit; 

and  not '  bronzed  by  the  sun*  like  the  A  us.  Prof.  Burd.  ii.  7.  R, 

weather-beaten  chieftain.  1 19.  '  Dried  up  (li.  82.)  from  being 

4jax  king  of  Salamis  was  the  son  of  so  old.'  LU,  Mart.  XIII.  Iv.   PR.  liv. 

Telamon  and  grandson  of  vEacus,  and,  IV.  xlvi.  Hor.  II  S,  v.  43  sqq.  Pers.iii. 

consequently,     the    cousin-german     of  73  sqq.  (CAS.)  R. 

Achilles ;   upon  whose  death  he  claimed  120.  TLnXm^vt'  Hesych.  a  little  fish  to 

his  armour  as  being  the  bravest  of  the  called  from  its  burying  itself  in  the  mad, 

Greeks.    His  disappointment,  when  the  or  from  being  bom  there  :  Festus.  mXa- 

prize  was  a\rarded  to  Ulysses,  produced  ffu^w  Arist.  vi.  16  sq.  a  lesser  kind  of 

insanity,  and  drove  him  to  commit  suicide,  tunny :   Ath.  iii.  85.  92.  vii.  66.  viiL  14 

Soph.  Aj.  PR,   and  Phil.  cf.  x.  84.  xiv.  or  53.    Plin.  ix.  15  i  18.  xxxii.  11  s  55. 

286.  Hor.  II  S.  iii.  187  sqq.  The  name  (HA.)  Strab.  VII.  vi.  2.  Dioic.  ii.  200. 

of  Ajax  became  proverbial  for  a  quarrel-  SP,  de  Pr.  Num.  iii.  201.  Gell.  ii.  18. 

some  wrangling  man.    Claud.  But.  ii.  PR,  R.  which  were  salted  and  bronglit 

386.  Jud.  Vesp.  85.  (  WE.)  R,  to  Rome.  VS,  Like  our  grigs*  which  are 

116. 'On  behalf  of  a  client,  whose  title  found  in  the  mud  of  the  Thames,  thev 

to  freedom  is  disputed  :'  as  Cicero  for  were  probably  of  little  worth.  M.     "  A 

Archias.  LC/.  Fi4.    The  case  of  Virginia  jar  of  broken  sprats."  G. 

was  another :  Liv.  iii.  44  sqq.  "  A  rope  of  shrivell'd  onions  from  the 

A   neat-herd.     There  were,  in   all,  Nile."    G.    Africa   produced    a   great 

thirty-five  city  and  country  tribes,  from  variety  of  bulbous  roots,  among  theec 

each  of  which  were  chosen  three  jury-  Pliny  mentions  the  epimenidium,  xiz.  5. 

men.  These  were  called,  in  round  num-  JR.   of  which  the  epimenium  might  be  a 

hers,  centumvirs:    Ascon.  on  Cic.  coarser  sort ;   cf.  Ath.  ii.  22  sq.  (CAS.) 

Verr.  ii.    FA.  LU,    Owing  to  this  ar-  or  *  sent  monthly'  from  Africa  to  Rome. 

rangement  it  often  happen^  that  igno-  Martial   enumerates  bulbos  among    the 

rant  rustics  had  to  decide  upon  knotty  presents  sent  to  lawyers;  IV.  xlvi.  11. 

pointe.  xvi.  13.  K.   cf.  Suet.  Cies.  80.  Ll,  Theoph.  H.  P.  vii.  13.  PR,    '  Tbe 

Aug.  35.  PR,  soldier's  monthly  allowance :'  SCH.  •  the 

117.  Cf.  i.  45fnote.  M.     Some  top-  African  slave's  monthly  provender.' ilC/f. 


WT.  Til.  OF  JUVENAL.  187 

At  yinum  Tiberi  devectum,  quinque  lagense. 
Si  quater  egisti,  si  contigit  aureus  unus, 
Inde  cadunt  partes  ex  foedere  pragmaticorum. 
''  ^milio  dabitur,  quantum  licet,  et  melius  nos 
1"^  Egimus:  hujus  enim  stat  currus  aeneus,  alti 
Quadrijuges  in  vestibulis,  atque  ipse  feroci 
Bellatore  sedens  curvatum  hastile  minatur 
Eminus  et  statua  meditatur  prcelia  lusca." 
Sic  Pedo  conturbat,  Matho  deficit :  exitus  hie  est 


^^lAtefer  might  have  been  the  practice  was  passed   in  the  reign  of  Claudius 

^  to  other  slaves,  it  is  not  unlikely  that  (A.  U.  800.)>  by  which  pecuniu  ob  causat 

^e  Africans   had   a   certain  ration   of  orandat  cupieiidis  positut  modut  usque  ad 

^oioiis  allowed  them,  according  to  the  den  a  tester  tia,  quern  egrem  repetun- 

pactice  in  their  own  country,  cf.  Herod,  durum  tenereniur;    Tac.  A.  xi.  5  sqq. 

li.  12&  Numb.  xi.  5.  {LI.)  See  122,  note.  K. 

121.  *  Home-made  wine,  (VS.)  and  Not '  we  poor  lawyers.'  LU, 

i&st  of  the  worst  sort,  Veientan,  (Hor.  125.  "  There  stand  Before  his  gate. 

II  S.  iii.  143.)  or  Tuscan,  (LU,)  and  conspicuous  from  afar,  Four  stately  steeds 

D0t  Camp^nian.'  PR,  yokra  to  a  brazen  car."  G.    Indicative 

122.  '  If  you  are  so  lucky  as  to  touch  of  the  triumphs  gained  by  his  ancestors. 
gold  for  a  fee,  you  cannot  pocket  any  LU.  cf.  viii.  3.  PR, 

thing  till  you  have  satisfied  the  stipulated  1 26.  This  vagary  of  .^milius  (in  choos- 

daias  of  the  attorneys^*  LU.  ing,  though  a  man  of  peace,  to  be  repre- 

'  The  gold  piece'  varied  in  value ;  it  sented  on  a  war-horse)  seems  to   have 

wasat  this  time  worth  twenty- five  denarii,  taken  mightily  at  Rome,  most  probably 

PUn.  zxziii.  3.  xzxv.  10.  (J^^*)  Lampr.  from  its  absurdity,  and  to  have  had  a 

Alex,  29.  (CAS.)  R.  M.    The  highest  number  of  imitators.     Martial,  in  an 

fee,  at  settled  by  a  law  of  Nero,  was  one  attack  upon  an  unfortunate  pedagogue 

hmdied  pieces  of  gold.  Plin.  £p.  v.  4.  for  interrupting  his  sleep,  (note  on  222.) 

21. Suet.  17.  (£R.)  Tac.  A. zi.  7.  Ulp.  D.  compares  the  noise  of  iiis  school  to  that 

i.  $.  12.  The  sum  is  here  represented  as  of  the  hammers  and  anvils  of  smiths  forg- 

abeordly  small,  for  contrast's  sake.  G  RO,  ing  war-horses  for  the  lawyers :  torn  grave 

123.  In  Cicero's  days  these  '  solicitors'  percussis  iueudibus  csra  resultant,  eaundi- 
were  confined  to  Greece.  Or.  i.  45.  59.  cum  medio  cumfaber  aptat  equo;  IX.lxix. 
The  Roman  advocates  were  then  iu  the  5  sq.  This  trick  succeeded  but  ill  with 
habit  (if  ignorant  of  a  point  of  law)  of  iEmilius's  imitators,  cf.  129  sqq.  as  it 
referring  to  learned  men  of  rank,  such  as  seldom  happens  that  any  but  the  author 
the  ScsvolsB,  &c.  Under  the  successors  of  a  joke  profits  by  it.  G.  PR.  see  143, 
of  Augustus,  there  was  not  the  same  note. 

encouragement  for  these  great  men  to  127.  '  Aims  the  bending  spear.'    So 

study  that  science  ;  therefore  the  orators  exquisitely  is  the  statue  wrought  that  the 

were  obliged  to  adopt  the  Grecian  me-  spear  seems  to  tremble  as  it  is  poised. 

ibod :  neque  ego  sum  nostri  maris  ignaruSt  PR. 

aUituive  eorum  qui  velut  ad  areulas  sedent  128.  Meditatus  prcelia  ;  iv.  1 12.  K. 

4t  Ida  ageuiibunubministrant',  neque  idem  *  Wall-eyed  :*   because  the  pupil  of 

Cracoe  quoque  neseiofactitare,  unde  fu)men  the  eye  was  not  marked  in  statues.  R. 

Au  pragmaticorum  (fottim  est;  Quint.  129.  Of  Pedo  the  lawyer  nothing  is 

xii.  3.  9.  G.  PA.  Id.  iii.  6.  R.  known.  R. 

124. '  llie  only  lawyers  who  are  hand-  Contnrbat  (t.  e.  rationet)  is  a  legal 

aomely    remunerated,    are    those,   who  term  :    FA.    '  becomes  insolvent,'   T. 

cither  are  rich  or  are  believed  to  be  'gets  more  involved.'    fae   me  multis 

flO.'  LU>  R.  debere  et  in  his  Plancio:  utrum  igitur  me 

Quantum  liat.  A  decree  of  the  senate  eonturbare  oportet ;  an  lute  nomen,  quod 


188  THE  SATIRES  sat.  vn. 

130  Tongilli,  magno  cum  rhinocerote  lavari 

Qui  solet  et  vexat  lutulenta  balnea  turba 

Perque  forum  juvenes  longo  premit  assere  Medos 

Emturus  pueros,  argentum,  murrfaina,  villas. 

Spondet  enim  Tyrio  sdataria  purpura  filo. 
135  Et  tamen  est  illis  hoc  utile :  purpura  vendit 

Causidicum,  vendunt  amethystina :  convenit  illis 

Et  strepitu  et  facie  majoris  vivere  census. 

Sed  finem  impensae  uon  servat  prodiga  Roma. 

Fidimus  eloquio  ?  Ciceroni  nemo  ducentos 
140  Nunc  dederit  numos,  nisi  fulserit  annulus  ingens. 

Respicit  hasc  primum,  qui  litigat,  an  tibi  servi 

Octo,  decem  comites,  an  post  te  sella,  togati 

urget,  nunc  cum  petitur  dissolvere;  Cic.  Argentum;  i.  76,  note. 

for  Cn.  Plane.  PR.  xiv.  94.  Mart.  IX.  Murrhina;   vi.  156,  note.  BRI. 

W.  5.  VII.  xxvi.  10.  X.  xcvi.  9.     Petr.  134.  Spondet  *  is  a  surety  for  him/ 

39.  (BU,)  Cic.  Att.  iv.  7.  (£R.)  R.  •  gains  him  credit."  ii.  12.  R. 

maiho'j   i.  32,  note.  PR,     Hence  it  Tyriapurpuru^^,  a  periphrasis,  i.  27, 

may  be  gathered  that  the  first  Satire  was  note.  Plin.  ix.  36sqq.  PR,  Virg.  M,  ir. 

written  many  years  after  the  present.  G.  262.    Hor.  £p.  xii.  21.  M. 

Deficit  *  fails  :'  T.  another  legal  term.  StlatQ^ia  '  piratical  ;*  from  stlata,  genus 

R,  navigii  latum  magis  quam  allum  ;  Festus: 

130.  Tongillus    perhaps     Tongilius,  itu^urimtv  fm»f§ps  %!i»f  G\o9S.  et  meUar 
Mart.  II.  xl.  R,  navis,  quam  ques  stlataria  portat;    Eon. 

*  His  oil-flask  (iii.  263.)  was  formed  Its  meaning  may  be  either  ( i )  '  decoy- 

of  a  large  rhinoceros'  horn.'  LU.    Plin.  ing,*  VS.  *  deceptive,'  JM,  i,  «.  ^as  we 

▼iii.  20.    Diod.  iv.  3.  PR.    The  animal  should  say)  *  sailing  under  false  colours  i' 

pat  for  its  horn  ;   as  soUdo  eUphantOt  for  or  (2)  '  imported  in  a  foreign  bottom.' 

•  solid  ivory ;'  Virg.  G.  iii.  26.  M.    Of  a  PR. 

horn  flask  Martial  says ;    gettavit  modo        13d.  Vetuiit  '  gets  him  oflT/  *  makes 

fronte  me  juoencut :    iwrum  rhhwcercta  him  fetch  more  money/  FE,  '  puflTs  him 

me  putabit ;  XIV.  Hi.  cf.  liii.  R.  off.'  cf.  73.  R. 

131.  Vexat  i  i.  100.  cf.  vi.  419  sq.  or        136.  '  Violet  mantles*  thrown  over  tlie 
i.  64.  R.  toga.  FE.  cf.  Mart  I.  xcvii.  IL  Mi.  3. 

132.  '  The  yonng  men  who  are  his  X.  xlix.  I.  XIV.  cliv.  A.     Plin.  xxi.  8. 
bearers.'  PR.  xxxvii.  6.  9.  PR. 

'  He  presses  with  the  weight  of  himself        137.  Qua  in  publico  tpeeiet !  Tac.  D. 

and  his  litter.'  SCH.  de  Or.  6.  A. 

Autre;  iii.  245.  PR.  Mart.  IX.  xxiii.         138.  Dicimus:    "  Non  ego  ambUignu 

9.  R*  sum,  sed  nemo  Roma  aliter  potest  vivert ; 

The  Medes  were  not  subjugated   by  non  ego  sumtuosus  sum,  sed   Urbs  ipsa 

the  Romans :    but  Media  is  sometimes  magnas  impensas  exigit ;"   Sen.  Ep.  50. 

taken  in  a  wider  sense,  so  as  to  include  PR.  cf.  iii.  180  sqq.  R.  iii.  169,  note. 
Assyria  and  other  countries  of  Asia.  There         139.  '  Two  hundred  sestertii'  are  not 

was  also  a  Thracian  people  of  this  name,  quite  thirty  shillings.  M.  i.  92,  note, 
cf.  ix.  142  sqq.  R,  [Livy  xxviii,  5,  marg.         140.  Annulus ;  i.  28  sq.  PR. 
ED.]  141.  '  Eight  chairmen :'  i.  64,  note. 

133.  '  To  bid  for,'  though  not  to  buy.  PR.  Caligula  had  a  litter  borne  by  eight 
BRI.     «X«^ttry    ^^90WMVfA%9§i    wMfTiSv*  slavcs.  Suct.  M. 

Theoph.  Ch.  23,  extr.  Martial  has  an  142.  Omites  \  rf.i.  96. 119. 132.  PR. 
excellent  epigram  on  this  subject :  IX.  46.  qui  togatorum  comitatus  et  egrestns  ! 
Ix.  CAS.  G,  R.  Tac.  D.  de  Or.  6.  r^  ^i/f  wm^t^s^wen^ 


SAT.  VII.  OF  JUVENAL.  189 

Ante  pedes.     Ideo  conducta  Paulus  agebat 

Sardonyche  atque  ideo  pluris  quam  Cossus  agebat, 
I45  Quam  Basilus.     Rara  in  tenui  facundia  panno. 

Quando  licet  Basilo  flentem  producere  matrem  ? 

Quis  bene  dicentem  Basilum  ferat  ?  Accipiat  te 

Gallia  vel  potius  nutricula  causidicorum 

Africa,  si  placuit  mercedem  ponere  linguae. 
1 50      Declamare  doces?  O  ferrea  pectora  Vecti, 

Quum  perimit  saevos  classis  numerosa  tyrannos ! 

Nam  qusecumque  sedens  modo  legerat,  hsec  eadem  stans 

Proferet  atque  eadem  cantabit  versibus  isdem. 

Occidit  miseros  crambe  repetita  magistros. 


Lac,  Suet.  Tib.  30.  {CAS.)  rabula  bene        147.  '  However  well  he  may  speak.' 

camiiati  per /arum  redueuntur;  Quint.  LU, 

xii.  12.  148.  In  Gaul  and  Africa  eloquence 

'  A  chair,  into  which  you  may  get  was  still  encouraged  by  the  multiplicity 

when  yoa  please.'  LU,  i.  64.  R.  of  law.suits.   SCH,    cf.  i.  44.  xy.  lU. 

Titfoti ;  111.  127,  note.  M.  Quint,  x.  1.  3.  PR. 

I4i3.  *  Before  yon.'   cireumpedet  tunt        150.  F^ttm  '  quite  steeled  against 

ehte^ia  aerverHm :  antepedes  amieorum ;  the  assaults  of  impatieoce  or  faiigue.' 

Agroet.  de  Orthogr.  p.  2274.   7.  ante-  cf.  i.  31,  note.  M.  0  dura  messorum  ilia! 

mmbiUomee ;  Mart.  II.  zviii.  5.  III.  vii. 2.  Hor.  £p.  iii.  4. 
xlri.  PR,  X.  IxxiT.  3.  R.  Vectius  Valent,  an  eminent  professor  of 

He  ooly  'hired  the  rinp^,  being  too  rhetoric :  Plin.  xxix.  1.  PR, 
poor  to  buy  one.'  M.  cf.  lii.  180  sqq.        151.  "A  school,  Where  boys,  in  long 

▼L352M)q.  A.    This  hired  ring  seems  to  succession,  rave  and  storm  At  tyranny, 

kavc  answered  eren  better  than  the  war-  through  many  a  crowded  form."    This 

Wne  of  AJnifius ;  for  Pkulus,  in  process  unfortunate  race,  besides  having  their 

€i  time,  obtained  great  practice,  and,  heads  distracted  with  these  everlast- 

coneeqaently,  great  riches.    Martial  had  ing  declamations,  were  sometimes  liable 

the  mislbrtune  to  be  under  his  patronage ;  to  1  o  s  e  them  altogether.    Domitian  ac- 

wbich,  like  that  of  many  other  parvenus,  tually  put  one  of  them  (^named  Maternus) 

was  io  burtbensome,  that  the  poet,  in  a  to  death  for  a  rhetorical  flourish  about  ty- 

fit  of  spleen,  threatens  to  shake  it  off  ranny,  which  was  produced  in  his  school. 

entirely:  V.  zziii.  This  is  one  of  the  few  Dio.   G.   cf.  i.  15 — 17,  notes.  M.  vii. 

occasions  on  which  Martial  speaks  out ;  160 — 170.    Tac.  D.  de  Or.  35.     Sen. 

bat  be  was  not  a  man  to  carry  his  Contr.  vii.    Quint.  Decl.  et  Instit.  II.  x. 

iadependent  language  into  practice.  G.  4.   Petr.  i.  R,  note  on  204.    puerot  ma- 

Misnt  not  ^miliut  and  Paulus  be  one  gistriin  classes  distrihuebant  et  iisordi- 

aiM  the  same  person  1  nem  dicettdi  secundum  vires  ingenii  dabant; 

Agebat;  122.  125.  R.  144.  QuinL  i.  2.  PR. 

144.  «  A  sardonyx;'  Pers.  i.  16.  152.  'What  the  class  sit  down  and 
(CAS.)  PR,  vi.  382.  Mart.  II.  xxix.  2.  learn  by  reading  over,  that  the^  stand  up 
R»  and  repeat ;  the  very  same  hnes  in  the 

145.  BatUue;  x.  222.  A.  same  tone  and  twang.'  ACH.  cantUenam 
*  Rare'  in  the  vulgar  opinion,  not  in  eandem  canfntes;  Ter.  Phor.  [If.  ii.  10. 

reality,    s^rpe   est  etiam  sub  palliolo  sar-  R,  §i  mirei  wt^  vm  mvrin  rtJt  »»T$4t  rd 

dide  tapieniia ;  Caecil.  Cic.  T.  Q.  iii.  56.  «vr«-  an  author  quoted  by  GH. 
PA.  cf.  TiiL  47  sqq,  R.  154.  There  wa^  a   Greek   proverb: 

l46.Cf.CicVerr.  3.forFont.  17&C  Hg  »^m/^n  ^»fmret.   VS.    'warmed-up 

PR,  cabbage.'  M. 


190  THE  SATIRES  sat.  vii. 

155  Quia  color  et  quod  sit  causae  genus  atque  ubi  summa 
Qusestio,  quae  veniant  diversie  forte  sagittse, 
Nosse  velint  omnes,  mercedem  solvere  nemo. 
^^  Mercedem  appellas  ?  quid  enim  scio  ?"  Culpa  docentis 
Scilicet  arguitur,  quod  Iseva  in  parte  mamillae 

160  Nil  salit  Arcadico  juveni,  cujus  mihi  sexta 

Quaque  die  miserum  dirus  caput  Hannibal  implet; 
Quidquid  id  est,  de  quo  deliberate  an  petat  Urbem 
A  Cannis,  an  post  nimbos  et  fulmina  cautus 
Circumagat  madidas  a  tempestate  cohortes. 

165  ^^  Quantum  vis  stipulare,  et  protenus  accipe,  quod  do, 
Ut  toties  ilium  pater  audiat."     Ast  alii  sex 
Et  plures  uno  conclamant  ore  Sophistae 

155.  Color ;  vi.  280.  PR,  or  '  the  or-  Phtlostr.  iii.  whence  the  prorerb  'A^wAw 
namentsof  dictioa/ LI7.  Cic.  Or.  III.  fikd^rnfta,  'an  Arcadian  ftprig.*  BUO, 
25.  52,  R.  SCO,  Je. 

Genus:    either    deliberative,    or   de-  161.  '  Regularly  once  a  week.'  SaeL 

monstrative,  or   judicial.    LU,    Qaint.  Tib.  32.  (CAS.)  R. 

iii,  4.  PR,  Cic.  Inv.  i.  5.  15.  R.  '  Sent  by  the  wrath  of  heaven  (dirus 

'  The  upshot  of  the  matter,'  '  the  main  i,e,  deorum  ira)  to  be  the  dread  of  Kome 

jet  of  the  question,'  G.     «  that  on  which  (Hor.  Ill  Od.  vi.  36.  IV  Od.  iv.  42.  R.) 

the  case  hio|es.*  SCH,    Quint,  iii.  5  sq.  and  the  scourge  of  schoolmasters.' 

Cic.  Inv.  i.  6.  8  sqq.  R.  *  Whose  declamation  in  the  person  of 

156.  '  The  shafts   and  shoU  of  the  Hannibal  ;*  vi.  170.  PR.  z.  167.  R. 
adversary.'  LU.    B^  the  same  metaphor  162  sqq.     According   to  Maharbal's 
we  have  Martem  forensem ;    Ov.  Pont,  advice.    Liv.xxii.  51.  zxvi.  7 — 11.    Po- 
IV.  vi.  29.  peroraiurutt  stricturum  se  lyb.  iz.  3  sqq.    Sil.  zii.  489 — ztiL  93. 
luenbrationis  sua    telum,    minabatur;  LU,  PR.  R. 

Suet.  Cal.  53.    See  v.  173.  R.  163.  Cf.  ii.  155.  PR. 

158.  Those  who  have  given  the  most  165.  '  Stipulate  for,'  opposed  to  spoil- 
trouble,   are   most  likely  to  demur  at    debo.  ER, 

paying.  The  schoolmaster  offers  to  place  any 

159.  Cijr  animalibut  ceteris  in  medio  stake  in  the  hands  of  a  third  peraon,  to 
pectore  est,  homini  tantum  infra  laevam  be  paid  the  parent  conditionally  :  '  The 
papillam;  Plin.  XT.  37  s  69.  PR.  father  can  have  no  conception  of  the  task 
Pers.  ii.  53.  cor  alii*  animus  videtur ;  ex  he  has  imposed  on  his  son's  preceptor. 
quo  excordes,  vecordes,  concor-  Let  him  just  make  the  experiment.  I  am 
desque  dicuntur,  et  Nasica  ille  prudens  sure  no  sum  of  money  would  induce  him 
Corculum,  et  egregie  cordatus  to  go  on  week  after  week  hearing  such 
homo  catus  jEUus  Sextus :  Empedocles  a  dull  blockhead.'  There  were  certain 
animum  e»se  censet,  cordi  suffusum  days,  on  which  the  parents  came  with 
sanguinem :  alii  in  cerebro  dixerunt  their  friends,  to  hear  their  sons  recite 
animi  esu  sedem  et  locum ;  Cic.  T.  Q.  speeches  at  school.  Quint,  ii.  7.  x.  5. 
i.  9.  R.  Pers.  iii.  47.  PR.  M.  R. 

160.  'There  is  no  life  or  animation.'  167.  '  The  whole  pack  are  giving 
cor  tibi  rite  salit;  Pers.  iii.  111.  Sen.  tongue  at  the  same  time ;'  either  as  bar- 
Thv.  756.  R.  risters,  or  in  running  down  the  intole- 

Arcadia  was  celebrated  for  its  breed  rable  hardships  of  a  sophist's  life.  PR. 
of  asses;  Pers.  iii.  9.  PR.   Varr.  R.  R.        Sophista    'professors  of  rhetoric  and 

Il.i.  14.  Plin.  viii.43«68.  Plant.  Asin.  the  belles  lettres.'     Cic.  Acad.  iv.  23. 

II.  ii.  67.  but  not  for  the  wits  of  its  natives :  Fin.  ii.  1.  R. 


SAT.  vii.  OF  JUVENAL.  191 

Et  yeras  agitant  lites,  raptore  relicto ; 

Fusa  yenena  silent,  malus  ingratusque  maritus, 
170  Et  quae  jam  yeteres  sanant  mortaria  caecos. 

Ergo  sibi  dabit  ipse  rudem,  si  nostra  moyebunt 

ConsiUa,  et  vitaa  diyersum  iter  ingredietur, 

Ad  pugnam  qui  rhetorica  descendit  ab  umbra,       y  •  /  LC — -j  /    , 

Summula  ne  pereat,  qua  vilis  tessera  yenit  It^  lA^^^s    y^     ' 
175  Frumenti ;  quippe  haec  merces  lautissima.     Tenta,  hc^^^^    ^ 

dirysogonus  quanti  doceat  yel  PoUio  quanti 

Lautorum  pueros,  artem  scindens  Theodori. 

Balnea  sexcentis  et  pluris  porticus,  in  qua 

Gestetur  dominus,  quoties  pluit.     Anne  serenum 

168.  *  AbaDdoning  fictitious  dis-  176.  '  For  this  is  the  utmost  return 
]nitations.'  hV.  they  have  to  expect.'  R,  lautUtimaf  with 

Rmpiari  t.  g,   Vuk,  who  carried  off  reference  to  lauto$  just  below,  may  be  a 

Helen;  Jaaon,  who  carried  off  Medea,  sneer  at  the  paltry  pittance  which  no- 

LU»  cf.  Sen.  CootroT.  Quint.  Dedam.  blemen   devoted  to  the  education  of 

PA.  their  sons :  '  a  right  honourable  remune- 

169.  '  PdMO,  such  as  that  mixed  by  ration  truly!' 

Medea  for  Creosa.  the  vouthful  bride  of  176.  CitrysogonuSt  vi.  74.  was  a  fa- 

Jason,  her  Ruthless  and  ungrateful  has-  vourite  singer,  and   PoUio,  vi.  387.  a 

bend,  (L(7.  Sen.  Cont.  ii.  5.  PR,)  is  favourite  musician ;  both  of  them  men  of 

no  loager  heard  of.  R.  loose  principles.    Theodoras  (according 

170.  '  The  drugs  which  promised  to  to  Hesychiu^)  was  an  infamous  profligate. 
rettoie  to  aU  the  faculties  of  youth  the  '  The  wealthy  nobles  place  their  sons,  at 
Mind  and  aged  Pelias.'  Ov.  M .  vii.  an  enormous  expense,  under  the  tuition 
397— -349.  LU.  Hygin.  24.  Diodor.  IV.  of  this  singing-master  and  this  music- 
51  sq.  il.  master,  from   whom   they  learn   every 

171.  CC  vL  113.  PR.  Mart.  III.  thing  that  is  bad.' ilCff.  See  note  on  vL 
zzzvL  10.  it.  452.    He  says  '  the  Art'  of  Theodoras ; 

'  The  fophist  indeed,  if  he  followed  because  Theidorus  of  Gadara,  an  eminent 

my  advice,  would  not  rush  into  a  Scylla  rhetorician   in    the  reign  of    Tiberids, 

(cC  lOG—Ua)  to  escape  from  a  Cha-  (Suet  57.    Quint,  iii.  1.  11.  i.  12.  iv.  2. 

rybdii ;  bet  would  strike  out  into  a  quite  Strab.  xiii.  p.  625.  xvi.  p.  759.     Lucian 

dutferent  line  of  life.'  R,  cf.  Unta,  Sfe,  in  Macrob.)  wrote  several  works.  PR. 

175  aqq.  R, 

173.  Cf.  Sen.  Contr.  iii.  prof*  R.  177.  Seinderu  '  dividing,  explaining  in 

174.  Tbe  poorer  citizens  were  furnished  detail.'  M . 

■MBtUy,  on  the  nones,  by  the  magis-  178.  On  the  magnificence  of  the  Ro- 

tralct  with  a  *  small  tablet'  of  lead  or  man  '  baths/   see   Sen.    £p.    51.   86. 

wood ;  which,  on  being  presented  to  the  Plin.  £p.  ii.   17.  v.   6.    Vitr.   v.   10. 

kcepera  of  the  public  granaries,  entitled  GR. 

the  bearers  to  a  certain  quantity  'of  Sexcentis;  nearly  £5000.  i.  92,  note. 

com,'  cither  gratis,  or  upon  some  small  Particm ;  iv.  5  sqq.  GR.  "  More  for  a 

payment :  Tac.  A.  xv.  39.    These  tal-  spacious  portico  they  pay,  In  which  to 

lies,  as  appears  from  the  text,  were  trans-  amble  on  a  showery  day.     Shall  they, 

krMe:  thoee  who  were  not  in  want  of  for  brighter  skies,  at  home  remainl  Or 

com  disposed  of  them  for  a  '  trifling  dash  their  pamper'd  mules  through  mud 

sua.' LIT.  Lf.  Pers.v.  73 sq.  (K.)  PR.  and  rain?    No:    let  them  ride  beneath 

off.  Soet.  Aug.  42.  Cca.  41.  (CAS.)  Dio  the  statclv  roof.  For  there  no  mire  can 

zliii.  21.  Ix.  10.    Or  villi  frumtnti  *  of  soil  the  shining  hoof."  G.     itttra  Umen 

damaged  oom.'  K,  R,  UUut  umdo  eumui  Mart  XII.  Ivii.  23. 


192  THE  SATIRES  sat.  vii 

180  E^pectet  spargatque  luto  jumenta  recenti? 

Hie  potius:  namque  hie  mundse  nitet  ungula  mulae. 

Parte  alia  longis  Numidarum  fulta  columnis 

Surgat  et  algentem  rapiat  coenatio  solem. 

Quanticumque  domus,  veniet,  qui  fercula  docte 
185  Componat ;  veniet,  qui  pulmentaria  condat. 

Hos  inter  sumtus  sestertia  Quintiliano, 

Ut  multuiDy  duo  sufficient.     Res  nulla  minoris 

Constabit  patri,  quam  filius.     ^*  Unde  igitur  tot 

Quintilianus  habet  saltus  ?"  Exempla  novorum 
190  Fatorum  transi :  felix  et  pulcer  et  acer ; 

Felix  et  sapiens  et  nobilis  et  generosus 

Appositam  nigrse  lunam  subtexit  alutae : 

182.  Columnas  ultima  recistu  Africa;  moderate  fortune,  vi.  32.  This  do- 
Hot.  II  Od.  zviii.  4  sqq.  LU,  Plin.  crepancy  may  be  accounted  for  by  die 
xxxvl  6.  PR.  Id.  V.  3.  Stat.  3.  I.  ▼.  36.  different  circumstances  of  the  two  writers. 
(B.)  H.  Id,  quoted  in  the  note  on  iii.  What  appeared  immense  to  Juvenal, 
258.  might  be  far  from  seeming  so  to  such  a 

183.  The  rich  had  different  dining-  wealthy  man  as  Pliny.  It  ts  satisfactory, 
parlours,  according  to  the  different  sea-  however,  to  know,  that  this  amiable  and 
sons  of  the  year.  Varr.  L.  L.  iv.  cf.  virtuous  character  experienced  none  of 
Suet.  Aug.  72.  Ner.  31.  CAS.  Col.  i.  the  neglect  and  poverty  which  over- 
5  sq.  Piin.  £p.  I.  xvii.  10  sqq.  R.  '  This  whelmed  so  many  of  his  brethren.  G.  R. 
saloon  caught  the  cool  sun ;'  t.  e,  either  He  taught  rhetoric  for  twenty  years  ;  be 
the  winter  s  sun  by  a  southern  aspect,  was  also  the  first  who  opened  a  piriklic 
or  the  early  summer's  sun  by  an  eastern  school  at  Rome ;  and  be  had  an  annnal 
one.  PR.  salary  from  the  treasury,  of  more  than 

184.  "  Cost  these  whatever  sum,  Cooks  £800.  cf.  Mart.  II.  xc.  Cassiodor.  LU. 
and  confectioners  are  yet  to  come."  G.  R.  G. 

Ferctila;  i.  94.  doete  eompmiat  -,  cf.  v.         189. '  Instances  of  unprecedented  good 

120  6qa.  R.  fortune.'  T. 

185.  Pulmentaria*  victuals'  in  geneial :  190.  *  He  is  lucky ;  and  luck  is  every 
so  called  from  puis,  which  the  Romans  thing :  if  a  man  has  but  luck,  he  has  aU 
long  used  instead  of  bre  ad.  Pers.  vi.  40.  goo<u,  corporeal,  intellectnal,  and  eztar- 
Cic.  T.  Q.  V.  90.  PR,  xiv.  171.  Plin.  nal.'  LU.  cf.  Hor.  I  Ep.  i.  106  sqq. 
xviii.  8.  R.  I  S.  iii.  121  sq.  R. 

186.  Littlemore  than  £16  per  annum,  192.  Senators  had  black  shoes  of 
to  the  first-rate  rhetorician,  vi.  280.  R,  tanned  leather ;  the  form  was  somewhat 
and  75.  G.  like  a  short  boot,  reaching  nearly  to  the 

187.  '  At  the  outside.'  The  whole  of  middle  of  the  leg,  as  they  are  somecincs 
this  passage,  from  v.  1 78.  seems  an  imi-  seen  in  statues  and  bas-reliefo ;  with  a 
tation  of  Crates  the  Theban :  riiu  /m-  crescent,  or  the  letter  C,  in  front  of 
yu(^  fUfMf  ^imm.  imr^^  ^^;^hf.  ziXutu  them  ;  because  the  original  number  of 
rmXmtrm  lt»«,  rv^/StvXy  nmwtif.  iri^nf  senators  was  one  hundred.  VS»  FA, 
rdk»fr»9,  f/X«r«f  f  r(mfi§>.»9'  £ph.  in  his  G.  Plut.  Q*  H.  PR.  This  moon  was 
Life  by  Laert.  GR,  a  silver  or  ivory  buckle  worn  above  the 

188.  Filius  *  the  education  of  a  son.*      instep  :  v)  r^/u/3«X«0  rnt  ttytnmf  wmmi^ 
Juvenal  instances  Quintilian  as  a  rich     rn/tifH    r^    ir^^ifutrt-    T«irr«    Hk    Inm 

man,  while  Plinv,  in  a  letter  which  does  Wi^fifM  IXt^^trmf  fui9§u^t'  Philostr. 
equal  honour  to  himself  and  his  master,  V.  Her.  ii.  8.  p.  5&.  {OL,)  Marcellus 
(for  such  Quintilian  was,)  talks  of  his    derives  the  origin  of  this  ornament  from 


^^^*  Til.  OF  JUVENAL.  193 

Felix,  orator  quoque  maximus  et  jaculator ; 
Etsi  perfrizit,  cantat  bene.     Distat  enim,  quae 
^^5  Sidera  te  excipiant  modo  primes  incipientem 
Edere  vagitus  et  adhuc  a  matre  rubentem. 
Si  Fortuna  volet,  fies  de  rhetore  consul : 
Si  volet  hoec  eadem,  fies  de  consule  rhetor. 
Ventidius  quid  enim  ?  quid  Tullius  ?  anne  aliud,  quam 

^)ie  Tiiscani  (d.  SV,  on  Virg.  JE.  viii.         198.  Valerius  Lieinianus,  LU,  a  most 
^58.),  and  from  Mercury,  who,  in  rescu-    eloquent  speaker,  was  expelled  the  senate. 


rmMTn^  ^mfafmwUn  lA»ur§  riXura/nf  «v-  where  he  setup  a  school;  exul  de  una- 

mKh  mSyXnt'  V.  23  sqq.  in  Br.  An.  t.  ii.  tore,  rhetor  de  oratore  foetus.     His  open- 

p.  302  tq.  turn  hestema  sedet  lunata  tin*  ing  speech  is  very  like  the  above  distich : 

/via  plamta;  Mart  II.  xxiz.  7.    Of  new  "  Quos  tibi,  Fortuna,  ludos  faeUf    Facts 

Dobtei,  the  saying  was:  rai  ri^v  i^ytyuftt  It  enim  ex  ffrofessorihus  senatores,  ex  sena- 

wmt  i^TfmydXtit  tx^.  J,    Ov.  Her.  ix.  toribuM  pro/essores!**    Plin.  £p.   iv.    11. 

60.  (H.)  K.  PR.  G.  cf.  eund.  vii.  42  sqq.  R.     Our 

Nigris  medium  impediit  erus  pellibus,  times  afford  more  extraordinary  instances 

et  Imimm  demisU  peetore  clavum',    Hor.  of  the  sport  of  Fortune.  ilCff.    The  pre- 

I  &  tL  27  sq.  PR.    Yet  Martial  has  sent  king  of  the  French,  Louis- Philippe, 

eoerijM  eimgit  aluta  pedem  ;  II.  xxix.  8.  once  kept  a  school, 
aad  Ovid  (Speaking  of  a  lady,  nipeaa/tita;         199.  P.  Ventidius  Bassus  was  born  at 

A.  A.m.2/l.(/f).  cf.  also  Vopisc.  Aur.  Asculum  in  the  Picenian  territory,  and 

49.  Plto.  is.  17.  FE.  R.  led  in  tiiuroph,  with  his  mother,  among 

193.  Jmeuloiar  *  a  logician.*  LU.  yri.  the  captives  taken  in  the  Social  War  by 
450.  PR,  note  on  156.  M.  jaeulatio  Cn.  Pomp.  Strabo,  father  of  Pompey  the 
wrisnmi ;  Quint,  yi.  3.  R.  Great     He  became  an  errand-boy,  next 

194.  '  Though  hoarse  with  a  cold.'  a  wagoner,  then  a  muleteer,  a  soldier, 

perfrixisse  tuas  questa  est  preefatio  centurion,  and  (by  the  influence  of  Cssar 

fmmett ;  Mart.  III.  XTiii.  1.  FA.  Front  and  the  two   Antonii)  tribune  of   the 

Strmt  I.  xii.  11.  R.  people,  pretdr,  and,  in  the  same  year, 

195.  '  The  stars  which  preside  over  pontiff  and  consul.  He  obtained  a  splen- 
tfae  natal  hour  make  all  the  difference.'  did  triumph  (201.)  over  the  Parthians, 
LU.  vi.  553,  note  ;  sqq.  R.  570,  notes,  and,  finally,  was  honoured  with  a  public 
Ptoii.  ▼•  45  sqq.  PR.  ix.  32  sqq.  M,  funeral.  His  elevation  to  the  consulship 
Soaie,  according  to  the  proverb,  are  was  considered,  at  the  time,  as  an  extra- 
"born  with  a  gold  spoon  in  their  mouth."  ordinary  event,  and  gave  rise  to  many 

196L  A  new-bom  infant  looks  red,  sarcastic  effusions.     One  of  these  is  come 

wing  to  ill  thin  and  tender  skin.  PR.  down  to  us :  coneurrite  omnes  augures, 

BRO.  arutpices!    portentum  inusitatum  eonfia- 

197.  Naitira,fiium, fortuna,  casus,  turn  eU  recens ;  nam  mulos  fui  frieabat 

mssha  §t  jnuadem  Dei  nomina  sunt ;  Sen.  consul  foetus  est.    Time,  however,  which 

LU*  ef.  m.  39  sq.  R.  does   justice  to  merit,  established  his 

QfiisUUiainu^  eonsuUiria  per  CUmetitem  claims  and  silenced,  perhaps  shamed,  his 

#m«aMNta  tertituM,  honestamenta  nominis  enemies.  V.  Max.  vi.  9  sq.  Cic  Ep.  Fam. 

pmims  mdttur   qtiam  insignia    potestatis  10.  Gell.  xv.  4.   Plin.  vii.  43.  Pint.  V. 

AnMtas ;  Ans.  Gr.  Act.  p.  7 12.  Fronto-  Ant.  t.  i.  p.  931 .  Dio  xlviii  sq.  App.  B.  C. 

mm  Awimuati  Augusti  magistrum  eonsu-  i.  47.  (SW.)m,  66.  80.  iv.  2.  v.  31—35. 

Utm»  armetvU;  ilnd.  PR.    Suet,  de  111.  50.  65.  B.  P.  71—74.  VS.  LU.  PR,  R. 

M.  1.    Aotoniua  himself  was  advanced  G. 

to  the  eonsnlabip  (in  a  succeeding  age)        Servius  TulUus,  who  was  bom  of  a 

by  Im  popil  Ur|^n,  A.D.  379.  ibid,  female   slave,  succeeded   Tarquin    the 

O.  Elder,  LU.  and  was  the  sixth  and  the  last 

2c 


194  THE  SATIRES  sat.  vii. 

200  Sidus  et  occuiti  miranda  potentia  fati  ? 

Servis  regna  dabunt,  captivis  Fata  tiiumphos. 

Felix  ille  tamen  corvo  quoque  rarior  albo. 

Poenituit  multos  vanse  sterilisque  cathedra, 

Sicut  Thrasymachi  probat  exitus  atque  Secundi 
205  Carrinatis :  et  hunc  inopem  vidistis,  Athensc, 

Nil  prseter  gelidas  ausae  conferre  cicutas. 

Diy  majorum  umbris  tenuem  et  sine  pondere  terrain 

Spirantesque  crocos  et  in  urna  perpetuum  ver. 


good  king  (201.  VS,)  of  Rome:    viii.  205.  <  You  too,  Athens.*  i.  «.  Athens 

260.  G.  Liv.  i.  39  sqq.  Flor.  i.  6.  Eutr.  as  well  as   Rome,     cicutas  will  mean 

PR,  'your  hemlock,  which  you  reserve  as  a 

200.  Netcia  mens  haminum  fati  aartis'  reward  for  indigent  genius.' 
quefutura-y  Virg.  it.  x.  601.  DO.  cf.  206.    'Cold.'    (cf.    note  on    i.   72.) 
Cic.  de  Fato.  PH.  Cicuta  quoque venetium  est, publica  Atk§* 

201.  P.  Veutidius  ex  Parthis,  et  per  niensiumpcrnainvua.setnen  habetnoxium. 
Parlhot  de  Crassi  manibus  in  hostili  solo  semivi  et  foliis  refrigerator ia  vis: 
mi$erabiliter  jaceutibui,  triumphum  duxit ;  quos  enecat^  incipiunt  algere  lUf  extrtmn- 
et  qui  captivui  carcerem  exhorruerat,  talibns  corporis,  remedio  est,  priuiquam 
victor  Capiioiium  felicitate  celebravit;  perveniat  ad  vitaliof  vini  natura  excalfae* 
V.  Max.  vi.  9.  PU.  toria.     ied    in    vino    pota    trretnediabUit 

202.  Ille  t.  e.  Quintilian.  VS.  exixtimalur;  Plin.  ixv.  13  « 95, 4.  Diosc. 
A  proverb  like  that  in  vi.  165.   DO.  iv.  79.   in  Alex.  11.     Cicutam  potam 

Hence  the  oracle  to  Phalaothus,  t^uv  rhf  caligo  menti^qne  alienatio  et  isrtuum  gf 

;^«»^«y,  Xvf  «0^«xif  XiVK§)  yiii<vvr«i'    Ath.  latio  insequitur;  Scrib.  Larg. </«  Comp. 

viii.  16.  R.     White  ravens  are  occasion-  Med.  179.  Schol.  on  Pers.  v.  145.  (K.)> 

ally  met  with  :  Aristotle.    One  was  sent  R,  Plat.  Phasd.  66. 

to  Alphonso  king  of  Sicily  by  the  king  of  There  is  an  allusion  here  to  the  con- 

England.    Another  was  seen  by  RH,  demnation  of  Socrates,  who  was  adjudged 

PR.  to  die  by  drinking  hemlock.  Pers.  iv.  1  sq. 

203.  '  Of  the  profession  of  rhetoric'  PR. 

circum  pulpita  nostra  et  steriles  cathe^  207.  Date  or  dent  is  understood,  sit  tibi 

dras  basia  sola  erejiant ;  Mart.  I.  Ixxvii.  tei-ra  levis,  mollique  tegaris  arena;    Mart. 

13  sq.  P/l.  note  on  49.  R.  IX.  xxx.  1 1.  M.    Hence  the  letters  fre- 

204.  Q(»fufMtx'f  XetXMfihofttf  f^tm,t  qucntly  placed  on  tombs  S.  T.  T.  L. 
U  Bi^vvioc,  St  fr^Hrot  vt^/*)**  tttu  ««Xo  "  i.ight  lie  the  earth  on  thee :"  opposed 
Karihu\t  x«)  TO  »t/v  vns  ftira^ixtis  T^itrtv  to  which  are  the  maledictions,  sit  tibi  ter- 
lUnynf^MTt'  fAoinr^t  Tlkdtrmttt  ^ou  ^iX»-  ra  gravis!  vrgeat  ossa  lapis !  duriter  ossa 
riipw  xai  *lf$»^aroy§  rtv  ftfre^ef  ly^myf^s  cubent !  GR,  FA,  LU,  R,  istam  (Plus- 
€VftfieoX.tVTtHout,Ti;^tnf^iir»(t»iif,«'»i'yfim,  dram)  terra  defossam  premat,  gravisqut 
J^^e^fiat  fnrt^txat'  Suid.  cf.  Cic.  Or.  iii.  tellus  impio  eapiti  ineubet ;  Sen.  Hip. 
12.  16.  32.  Quint.  III.  i.  10.  iii.  4.  R.  1280.  cf.  Pers.  i.  37  sqq.  PR.  And  the 
Thrasyroachus  shut  up  his  school  at  well-known  epigram  on  Sir  John  Van- 
Athens  for  want  of  encouragement,  and  brugh,  the  architect  of  Blenheim ;  **  Lie 
afterwards  hung  himself.  VS.  FA.  Plat,  heavy  on  him,  earth  !  for  he  Laid  many 
de  Hep.     Dionys.  Hal.  fr.  de  Vet.  Orat.  a  heavy  load  on  thee." 

VL.  208.  The  ancients  used  to  strew  fra- 

Seeundus    Carrinas    was    driven     by  grant  nosegays,  annually,  on  the  tombs  of 

poverty  from  Athens  to  Rome.     On  ac-  their  departed  friends,  and  even  belioTed 

count  of  a  rhetorical  declamation  against  that  flowers  grew  spontaneously  on  the 

tyrants,  (note  on  151.)  he  was  banished  graves,  so  that  the  shades  of  the  deceased 

by  Caligula.  FA.  Dio  lix.  20.  PR.  Tac.  enjoyed  '  a  perpetual  spring.'  Suet.  Aug. 

A.  XV.  45.  {LI.)  It  18.  Ath.  xv.  p.  679.  Anth.  Lat.  (BU.) 


SAT.  VII.  OF  JUVENAL.  195 

Qui  prseceptorem  sancti  voluere  parentis 
210  Esse  loco.     Metuens  virgse  jam  grandis  Achilles 

Cantabat  patriis  in  montibus :  et  cui  non  tunc 

Eliceret  risum  citharoedi  cauda  magistri  ? 

Sed  Rufum  atque  alios  csedit  sua  quseque  juventus, 

Rufum,  qui  toties  Ciceronem  Allobroga  dixit. 
215       Quis  gremio  Enceladi  doctique  Palaemonis  affert, 

Quantum  grammaticus  meruit  labor  ?  £t  tamen  ex  hoc, 

Quodcumque  est,  (minus  est  autem,  quam  rhetoris  asra) 

Discipuli  custos  prsemordet  Acoenonoetus 

II.  iv.  99.  186.  247.  Anal.  Br.  t.  ii.  p.  213.  Satrius  Rufut,  euifuit  cum  Ciee- 

2S.  L  iii.  p.  303.    Thb  DOtion   seems  roue  (Bmulatio;   PI  in.  £p.  I.  v.  11.  A. 

ckselY  ooonected  with  the  fabled  meta-  or  Q.  Curtius  Rufus,  of  whom  nothing 

mcHphoses  of  many  heroes  of  antiquity  further  is  known  than  that  he  was  an 

into  Bowers.  Pers.  i.  35  sqq.  Suet.  Ner.  eminent  rhetorician.  GR,    A  very  elo* 

75.  {CAS,)  Prop.  1.  xvii.  22.  (  VU.)  Per-  quent  native  of  Gaul.  VS. 

fames  and  odoriferous  flowers, '  crocus'  Olim  populi  pritis  honorem  capiebat  mf» 

(PKo.  xxi.  6.)  among  the  rest,  were  used  Jragio,  quam  magittri  detinebat  esse  dicto 

at  funerals  and  scattered  either  on  the  obediens,  ^c.  G.  but  now  yuer  septuennis 

faneral  pile  or  on  the  bones.  Tib.  III.  ii.  padagogo  tabula  dirumpit  caput ;  Plaut. 

23  sq.  J  A.  Kl,  d*  Fun.  Rom.  iii.  5.  iv.  3.  Bac.  III.  iii.  37.  M. 

OU.  GRU.  K,  R.  PR.  iv.  109,  note,  see  214.  This  '  Rufus  arraigned  the  pu- 

Shaksp.  Cymb.  IV.  ii.  and  the  Dirge  by  rity  of  Tully's  style/  G.  charging  him 

Collins.    A  like  custom  still  prevails  in  with  provincialisms  and  barbarisms,  such 

Frmncc.  as  were  only  current  among  the  natives 

209.  Alexander,  the  pupil  of  Aristotle,  of  Savoy  and  those  parts,  satis  constat 
is  reported  to  have  said  :  praceptoribus  nee  Ciceroni  quidem  obtrectatores  defuisse, 
pimrmt  quam  rpfii  parentVfus,  debemus ;  quibus  inJUttus  et  tumens,  nee  satis  presstts, 
ipitim  a6  kis  viffendi,  ab  iUis  bene  vivendi  supra  modum  exsuUans  et  superfluens  vide- 
rmtimtm  adijnscamur,  cf.238  sq.  Sen.  Ben.  retur ;  Tac.  de  Or.  18. 22.  (  LL)  Calvus 
vi.  16,  extr.  Quint,  ii.  2.  9  pr,  LU,  PR,  called  him  tobitum  et  enervem  ;  Brutus 

210.  *  In  awe  of  the  rod,'  v.  154.  elumbem  et  fractum.  For  a  defence  of 
'  fegaiding  bb  preceptor  with  respectful  him  see  Cell.  xvii.  1.  Quint.  XI.  i.  3. 
delovnoe.'  LU»  PtiiUyrides  puerum  XII.  x.  1.  Or  an  historical  declamation 
eitkara  perfecU  Achillen,  atque  ani»  may  be  alluded  to,  which  went  to  prove 
ai«s  piaeida  eontudit  arte  feros:  qui  that  Cicero  had,  in  the  affair  of  Catiline, 
tMses  tocim,  taties  exterrvit  hostes,  creditur  identified  himself  with  the  Allobroges 
amntmm  pertimuiste  senem :  quas  Hector  rather  than  with  his  fellow-countrymen. 
semmrus  erat,  poeeewte  magistrot  verberibus  Sail.  B.  C.  PR,  R, 

jmum  pretbuit  iUe  manus  ;  Ov.  A.  A.  i.  215.  '  To  the  lap.*  see  St  Luke  vi. 

'iltqq.  PR.  Stat.  Ach.i.  503  sqq.  (B.)  38.  M. 

i7.  Of  Enceladus  nothing  further  is  known. 

211.  '  Learnt  to  sing  and  accompany  PaleBmon;  vi.  452.  LU,  He  was  in 
his  voice  on  the  lyre.'  PR,  nobilis  grand  i  the  receipt  of  a  good  annual  income  ;  G. 
eeeimit  Centmurus  alumno ;  lior.  £p.  as  his  school  brought  him  in  forty sestertia 
xiiL  1 1.  i7.  and  he  had  little  less  in  private  property  : 

Mount  Pelion  in  Thessaly  ;  LU.  the  making  together  about  £650  per  annum, 

abode  of  the  Centaurs.  Apoll.  II.  v.  4.  i?. 

212.  Cbiron»(iii.  205.  PR.)  one  of  the         216.  Grammaticus;  Fetr.  55.  Ath.  xv. 
sons  of  Saturn   and   Phillyra,  being  a  1.  Quint,  i.  4.  Cell.  xiv.  5.  PR,  Pallad. 
centaur,  had  the  body  and  tail  of  a  Kp.  46  in  Br.  An.  t.  ii.  p.  417.  R, 
bone.  LU.    lie  bad  many  heroes  for        218.  *  The   servant,   who    takes    his 
his  pupils.  Apoll.  III.  xiii.  6.  (HY,)  R,  little  master  to  the  day-school,  must  have 


196 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  VII. 


Et,  qui  dispensat,  franget  sibi.     Cede,  Palsemon, 
220  £t  patere  inde  aliquid  decrescere,  non  aliter,  quam 
Institor  hibemffi  tegetis  niveique  cadurci, 
1    k^  Ic.    Durojnodo  non  pereat,  mediae  quod  noctds  ab  hora 
f         j4  h  Sedistii  qua  nemo  faber,  qua  nemo  sederet, 
^'^^'^^  Qui  docet  obliquo  lanam  deducere  ferro ; 

.v<  ^^-^5  Dummodo  non  pereat,  totddem  olfecisse  lucemas, 

Quot  stabant  pueri,  quum  totus  decolor  esset 
Flaccus  et  haereret  nigro  fuligo  Maroni. 
Rara  tamen  merces,  quae  cognitione  tribuui 
Non  egeat     Sed  vos  saevas  imponite  leges, 
230  Ut  praeceptori  verborum  regula  constet, 


the  first  nibble.'  The  metaphor  is 
taken  from  a  slice  of  bread  sent,  by  the 
hands  of  a  hungry  messenger,  to  a  third 
person.  M. 

219.  <  The  steward  breaks  a  bit  off, 
before  it  leaves  h  i  s  hands.'  M. 

"  Courage,  Palsmon,  be  not  over 
nice.  But  suffer  some  abatement  in  your 
price ;  As  those  who  deal  in  rugs,  will 
ask  you  high,  And  sink  by  pence,  and 
half-pence,  till  you  bu^."  G,  Neither 
the  advice  nor  the  simile  could  be  very 
palatable  to  the  arrogance  and  self-im>^ 
portaoce  of  the  grammarian.  BA/.  It  is 
said  however  that  he  was  verv  attentive 
to  the  main  chance ;  ewn  ofieinas  pro- 
merealium  vestium  exercerel ;  ^c.  Suet. 
111.  Gr.  23.  R. 

220.  Indt  i.  e.  ex  hoc -,  216. 

221.  *  The  salesman*  or  'factor,'  who 
sold  upon  commission,  and  sometimes 
travelled  about  with  goods  for  the  manu- 
facturer, cf.  Hor.  Ill  Od.  vi.  30.  JN. 
Prop.  IV.  ii.  38.  (B/T.)  R.  Mart,  XII. 
Ivii.  14.    [Livy  xxu,  25,  16.  £D.] 

Tegetis ;  v.  8.  Cadurei ;  vi.  537.  R, 

222.  The  early  hour  at  which  these 
schools  opened  is  noticed  also  by  Martial : 
(note  on  126.)  quid  tibi  nobiacum,  ludi 
seelerate  magi$ter,  invitum  pueris  virgiui' 
busque  caput  7  uondum  cristati  rupere 
silentia  gain :  murmurejam  leevo  verberi- 
husque  tonas,  Vicini  somnum  nan  tota 
node  TogamMS :  nam  vigilare  leve  est,  per- 
vigilare  grave ;  I.  Ixix.  1  sqq.  9  sq.  PR, 
nee  cogitandi  necquiescendi  m  Urbe  locus  at 
pauperi ;  uegant  vitam  ludimagistri  mane, 
6^c,  numerare  pigri  damna  qui*  potest 
somnif  XII.  Ivii.  3  sqq.  15.  Pers.  iii. 
1  sqq.  R. 


223.  The  master  sat  in  his  chair» 
203.  while  the  boys  stood  -,  *226.  GR.  R. 

224.  They  combed  wool  with  a  card* 
which  had  '  crooked  iron'  teeth,  like 
those  now  in  use.  AT.  dnetitnmut  earth 
lanifica,  moderator  pec  tine  uneo  i 
Claud.  Eut.  ii.  381  sq.  R. 

Deducere  i  54.  Tib.  1.  vi.  78—30. 
(Hy.)  R. 

225.  Each  boy  had  his  lamp,  becante 
it  was  not  yet  day-light.  LU. 

226.  From  this  passage  we  learn,  that 
Virgil  and  Horace  were  the  staDdard 
books  in  the  grammar  schools  of  thoea 
da^s.  cf.  Quint  X.  i.  85.  PR.  I.  i.  12. 
viii.  5.  Petr.  5.  Cic.  de  Or.  i.  42.  R. 

228.  "  E'en  then,  the  stipend  thus 
reduced,  (2 16  sqq.  i?.)  thus  small.  With- 
out a  law-suit,  rarely  comes  at  all."  G. 

'  The  tribune,  who  presided  in  the 
court  of  requests  for  the  recovery  of 
small  debts,'  and  was  therefore  called 
aerarius,  GR.  A.  Trials,  which  at 
first  were  entirely  in  the  hands  of  the 
senators,  by  the  Seropronian  law  of  C. 
Gracchus  were  transferred  to  the  eques- 
trian order,  then  by  the  Livian  and 
Plautian  laws  to  the  senators  and  knights, 
afterwards  by  C  Sulla  they  were  restored 
to  the  senate,  and  lastly  by  the  Aurelian 
law  of  L.  Aur.  Cotta  they  were  made 
common  to  the  three  classes :  the  tri- 
bunes of  money  matters  were  chosen 
from  the  plebeians.  Julius  Caraar  when 
dictator  abolished  the  latterc/^rttria,  which 
was  presently  reinstated  by  Augustus.  R, 

229.  '  I  would  have  you,  who  are  pa- 
rents, show  the  master  no  mercy.'  PR. 

230.  '  He  must  know  the  rules  for 
every  word.'  M. 


SAT.  Yij.  OF  JUVENAL.  197 

Ut  legat  historias,  auctores  noverit  omnes, 
Tamquam  ungues  digitosque  suos ;  ut  forte  rogatus, 
Dum  petit  aut  thermas  aut  Phoebi  balnea,  dicat 
Nutricem  Anchisse,  nomen  patriamque  novercse 

^  Anchemoli ;  dicat,  quot  Acestes  vixerit  annos, 
Quot  Siculus  Phrygibus  vini  donaverit  urnas. 
Exigite,  ut  mores  teneros  ceu  poUice  ducat, 
Ut  si  quis  cera  vultum  facit :  exigite,  ut  sit 
£t  pater  ipsius  ccetus,  ne  turpia  ludant, 

240  Ne  faciant  vicibus.     Non  est  leve,  tot  puerorum 
Observare  manus  oculosque  in  fine  trementes." 


231.  '  Unhreraal  history,  and  all  the  Casperia;  SV,  Virg.  iEn.  x.  389.  PR, 

classictfbe  must  have  at  his  fingers' ends.*  the  former,  Tisiptume,  VS.  Quint.  I.  viii. 

M.mamMatisestpoetat  Ugwe,  exeuliendum  Sen.  de  Br.  V.  18.  i?. 

•mn«  geriptcrum  g€HH»,  non  propter  h  it-  235.  Acettes,  king  of  Sicily ;  ttvi  maUi' 

tcriat  wiodoud  tt  verba,  quiB frequenter  rus;  Virg.  i£n.  v.  73.  PR, 

jme  mb  auctoribui  eumunt.  sola  grammatiea  236.  Quot :   cf.  Virg.  i£n.  i.  195  sq. 

omui  audiorum  genere  plus  habet  operU  {HY,)  PR, 

fHom  oUeHtationis I  Quint.  I.  iv.  PR,  XI.  Sieului  *  the  Sicilian  king.'  see  note  on 

iii.  114.  12.  ««v  Kikx^r  Her.  i.  2. 

233.  (1)  <  Either  the  hot  or  the  cold  237.  The  moral  education  of  his  pupils 
baths.'  Lll.  Pketbut  is  said  to  have  must  be  equally  attended  to.  Suet.  111. 
been  a  bvtb-keeper  at  Rome.    This  was  Gr.  23.  R,  Pen,  v.  36 — 40.  PR. 

tbe  name  of  one  of  Nero's  freed-men :  *  That  he  mould.'  Pers.  v.  40.  (K.) 
Tec.  An.  xvi.  5.  (2)  *  Either  artificial  PR,  excudent  alii  $pirantia  moUiut 
or  natoral  baths  /  the  latter  being  warmed  ara,  vivo*  due  en  t  de  marmore  vultus; 
onl^  by  the  sun.  (3)  '  The  baths  of  Virg.  i£.  vi.  848  sq.  M,  Mart.  Vlll.  vi. 
Bene  or  Cnmse;'  the  latter  being  de-  10.  Ov.  M.  i.  402.  ^nv«r<  mentes;  Sil. 
Mjgnated  bj  the  name  of  its  guardian  i.  441.  robora  in  rectum,  quamvis  flexa 
god :  HON  Phabi  vada,  principetque  Baiee ;  revocabii ;  eurvatas  tTt;d>e»  calor  explicat  et 
Mart.  VI.  zlii.  7.  PR»  R-  Wealthy  aliter  natee  in  id  Jinguntur,  quod  usue 
noblemen  used  to  send  for  literary  men  fuuter  exigit :  quanto  /aeilius  animus  ac- 
ta enjoy  their  conversation  at  the  baths,  cipit  j'ormam,  Jlexibilis  et  omni  humore 
UG,  obsequentior ;  Sen.  £p.  50.  R, 

234.  This  absurd  curiosity  about  trifles  238.  Thus  Horace  speaks  of  the  young 
(which,  ms   Seneca  well  observes,  viee  as  eereus  in  vitium  Jiecti\  A.  P.  163* 

Jmvmt  lue  pmdest  scire)  was  but  too  com-  PR,  cf.   Pers.  iii.  23  sq.  ut  Hymettia 

moo  among  the  ancients.    G el lius  gives  sole  cera  remoUescit,   tractataque   pol- 

■i  many  pleasant  instances  of  it,  to  which  lice  muttas  Jlectitur  in  fades,  ipsoque 

hm  learned  translator  has  added  more.  Jit  utilis  uiu;  Ov.  M.  z.  284  sqq.  qualiter 

Jnveoal seems  to  allnde  to  Tiberius,  who  artifici  victura  pollice  eerae  accipiunt 

■sed  to  harass  these  poor  men,  by  en-  format,  ignemque  manumque  sequuntur  ; 

qniring  who  waS|Hecuba'8  mother,  what  Stat.  Ach.  i.  332  sq.    Plin.  £p.  VII.  ix. 

the  Sirens  nsed  to  sing,  &c.  &c.     It  is  1 1.  R. 

nnpoMble  to  suppress  a  smile  at  the  per-  239.  Pater ;  Quint.  II.  ii.  PA.  cf.  209 

verse  industry  or  modern  critics  in  hunt-  sq.  R, 

mg  out  what  Juvenal  represents  as  pui-  *  Lest  they  play  obscenely.'  M. 

zUog  those  of  his  own  time.  '  The  nurse  240.  '  Lest  they  coriupt  each  other.' 

of  Aochises  and  the  step-dam  of  Anche-  VS, 

moles*  are  no  longer  secrets.  G.  Sen.  Ep.  The  schoolmaster  observes,  that  he  has 

88.  98.  108.  GelL  xiv.  6.  Suet.  Tib.  56.  no  light  task  imposed  on  him.  H, 

70.  FA.    The  latter  is  said  to  have  been  241.  '  Tremulous  j*  ii.  94.  R. 


198 


THE  SATIRES  OF  JUVENAL.       sat.  vii. 


"  HfiBc"  inquit  "  cures;  et,  quum  se  verterit  annus, 
**  Accipe  (victori  populus  quod  postulat)  aurum." 


242.  The  father  iDsists  upon  having 
all  thexe  points  attended  to.  VS, 

*  When  March  comes  round  again/ 
(which  was  the  first  month  of  the  Roman 
year,)  '  you  shall  be  paid.'  Macr.  i.  12. 
PR. 

243.  '  As  much  gold*  (t.  e.  five  pieces, 
cf.  122.)  *  as  is  given,  at  the  request  of 
the  people,  to  a  victorioas'(l)  *  charioteer 
in  the  circus/  Mart.  X.  Uxiv.  5.  U%mr» 


Ji^ftnXaraSfrm    (Heliogabalus  is  meant) 

mui  xt^*^*  ^f  *^  ^^  *'*^  T9x,ifr§09, 
mirtihrm'  Xiph.  HeL  Or  (2)  '  gladiator 
in  the  amphitheatre/  Suet.  Claud.  21. 
Or  (3)  '  actor  in  the  theatre ;'  Tac.  Ad. 
i.  83.  (LL)  SA,  p.  911.  So  that  these 
men  get  as  much  in  one  hoar,  aa  a 
schoolmaster  for  the  whole  year.  A.  FS. 
FA,  PR,  cf.  Pallad.  Ep.  xlvi.  in  Br.  Ad. 
(Jil.)  R. 


SATIRE    VIII. 


ARGUMENT. 

In  this  Satire,  in  which  Juvenal  puts  on  a  most  serious  and  impressive  air, 
he  demonstrates  that  distinction  is  merely  personal ;  19 — 30.  that  though 
we  may  derive  rank  and  titles  from  our  ancestors,  yet  if  wc  degenerate 
from  the  virtues  by  which  they  obtained  them,  we  cannot  be  considered 
as  truly  noble.  1 — 18.  30 — 38.  We  estimate  animals  not  from  their 
pedigree  but  from  their  excellencies.  56 — 67.  Merit  constitutes  true 
nobility;  30  sqq.  211  sqq.  in  this,  men  of  inferior  origin  are  frequently 
pre-eminent.  39  sqq.  and  in  this,  men  of  high  birth  ought  to  aim  at  dis- 
tinction. 68 — 86. 

The  Satire  branches  out  into  many  collateral  topics.  From  the  profligacy 
of  the  young  nobility,  he  passes,  by  an  easy  transition,  to  the  miserable 
state  of  the  provinces,  which  were  usually  placed  under  their  manage- 
ment, and  which  they  plundered  and  harassed  without  mercy.  87  sqq. 
(cf.  Pliny  Ep.  to  Max.  viii.  24.)  This  part  of  his  Satire  is  treated  with 
a  freedom  of  thought,  and  an  elevation  of  language,  worthy  of  the  best 
times  of  the  republic. 

From  this,  he  returns  once  more  to  the  main  subject,  142  sqq.  the  state  of 
debasement  into  which  the  descendants  of  the  first  families  had  volun- 
tarily sunk  :  145  sqq.  he  severely  lashes  their  meanness,  cowardice,  and 
base  prostitution  of  every  kind;  183 — 210.  vices  which  he  sets  in  the 
strongest  light,  by  contrasting  them  with  the  opposite  virtues,  to  be 
found  in  persons  of  the  lowest  station  and  the  humblest  descent.  231  sqq. 
Seneca  is  placed  in  contraposition  to  Nero:  211 — 230.  Cicero  with 
Catiline  and  Cethegus  on  the  one  hand,  and  Octavius  on  the  other: 
231—244.  Marius  with  Catulus.  245—253.  The  Decii  254—258  and 
Senrius  Tullius  259  sq.  are  then  adduced.  And  lastly  the  noble  traitors 
of  the  house  of  Brutus  are  contrasted  with  the  patriotic  slave.  261 — 268. 

Considered  as  a  whole,  this  is  a  very  tine  performance.  We  may  perhaps 
discover  a  triteness  in  some  of  these  latter  instances ;  but  perhaps  the 
poet  was  willing  to  sacrifice  novelty  to  notoriety,  and  imagined  that  his 
examples  would  be  more  efiectual  in  proportion  as  they  were  more 
generally  recognized. 

He  winds  up  with  the  reflexion,  that  of  the  two  it  is  far  better  by  personal 
merits  and  exploits  to  throw  a  splendor  around  a  low  origin  than  to 
sully  the  highest  by  degenerate  vices.  269 — 271*  And  the  most  ancient 
Roman  ancestry,  after  all,  was  of  a  very  questionable  character  in  point 
of  respectability.  272—275. 

The  detailed  history  of  Nero's  enormities  shows  this  Satire  to  have  been 
written  while  they  were  yet  fresh  in  the  author's  mind,  probably  before 
the  death  of  Vespasian,  (see  note  on  5\.)  G,  R, 

Horace  has  handled  the  same  subject  (I  Satire  vi.)  more  methodically  and  in 
a  less  declamatory  style.  K.  There  is  an  excellent  German  translation 
of  this  Satire  by  von  Denis.  R.  Boileau  Despreaux  has  given  a  version 
of  it,  (Satire  v.)  which,  though  almost  literal,  is  very  inferior  to  the 
original.  ACH.  To  these  may  be  added  "  High  Birth,  a  Satire  ad- 
dressed to  a  young  Nobleman;  in  imitation  of  the  Eighth  Satire  of 
Jnvenal.  London.  1821."  8vo.  pp.  48. 


200 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  VIII. 


Stemmata  quid  faciunt?  Quid  prodest,  Pontice,  longo 
Sanguine  censeri  pictosque  ostendere  vultus 
Majorum  et  stantes  in  curribus  ^milianos 
Et  Curios  jam  dimidios  humerosque  minorem 
5  Corvinum  et  Galbam  auriculis  nasoque  carentem  ? 
Quis  fructus  generis  tabula  jactare  capaci 
f  G^omnum,  posthac  multa  contingere  virgaf 


i.  '  Genealogical  trees.'  st€mmat$ 
ouoff    Tuseo   ramum   millesim€   duels ; 
Pen.  iii.  28.  LU.    The  images  of  noble 
ancestors  were   connected    by  festoons 
formed  with  garlands  of  Bowers,  which 
went  regularly  from  father  to  son,  so  that 
the  pedigree  could  be  traced  thereby. 
These  images  were  ranged  in  their  halls, 
19  6q.  and  porticoes,  vi.  163.  I'lin.xxxy. 
1^-5.  (/f  J.)  R.  Nobilem  nonfacit  atrium 
plenum  fumoiis  imaginibuB:  animus  facit 
fio6t/«m,  ^c.    Sen.  Ep.  44.  qui  imagines 
in  atrio  exponuntf  et  nomina  families  sua 
longo  ordinet   ae   muUis  stemmatum  illi- 
gataflexuris,  in  parte  prima  tedium  coHo- 
eant ;  noti  magis  (juam  nobiles  sunt ;  Id. 
Ben.  iii.  28.  LI.  RF.  satius  est  me  meis 
rebus  gestisjhrere,  quam  majorum  opinione 
niti,  atque  ita  riDfrc,  ut  eim  ego  poster  is 
meis  nobilitatis  initium,  et  virtutis  exem- 
plum\    Cic.  in  Sallast:    nam  genus  et 
proavos  et  qua  non  fecimus  ipsi,  vix  ea 
nostra  voco ;  Oy.  M.  xiii.  40  sq.  PR,  nam 
quid  imaginibuSf  quid  avitis  fulta  trium- 
phis  atria,   quid  pleni  numeroso  eomule 
fasti  prqfuerint,  si  vita  labat  ?  perit  omnis 
in  illo  nobilitaSt  cujus  laus  est  in  origins 
sola ;  Author  of  the  Paoeg.  ad  Pis.  8  sqq. 
GR.  ^ihi  I  erucafa ciunt,  nee  p r o- 
sunt  satureia-y    Mart.  III.  Izxv.  3  sq. 
Ov.  Tr.  III.  viii.  23.  B17.    Of  Ponticus 
nothing  is  known  but  the  name.    As 
Juvenal  took  an  interest  in  his  conduct, 
this  young  nobleman  had  probably  some 
sparks  of  worth.     As  we  do  not  find  he 
afterwards  distinguished  himself,  we  may 
hope  that  his  virtues  were  greater  than 
his  talents,  and,  that  if  he  did  not  add  to 
his  family   honours,   the  poet's   admo- 
nitions prevented  him,  at  least,  from  tar- 
nishing them.  G.  He  might  be  descended 
from  the  heroic  poet  of  the  same  name, 
in  the  Augustan  age,  who  was  the  author 
of  a  Thebaid.     Prop.  1.  vii.  iz.  Ov.  Tr. 
IV.  X.  47.  R. 

Longo,  Plin.  ii.  33.  LU.  genus  alto  a 


sanguine  DivAm;  Virg.  ^.  iv.  230. 
SCH. 

2. '  Family  portraits,'  which  were  kept 
in  cabinets,  and  only  opened  on  festivals. 
Besides  these  there  were  masks  of  wax- 
work, resembling  the  deceased  members 
of  the  family,  which  were  carried  ia 
funeral  processions.  Q.  LL  T. 

3.  On  statues  and  triumphal  cart,  lee 
Plin.  xxxiv.  LU.  cf.  vii.  152.  R. 

P.  Com.  Scipio  ^milianus,  who  ac* 
quired  the  appellations  of  i^/rtcanuiAfMor 
and  Nnmantinus,  11.  ii.  154.  146.  He 
was  also  the  conqueror  of  Perses  king  of 
Macedon  ;  Aur.  Vict.  PR.  P.  Sapso 
(the  son  of  Afrieanus  Major)  adopted  hun 
into  the  Cornelian  clan.  R. 

4.  Curii;  ii.  3.  LU. 

'  Mutilated  from  the  effects  of  tune.* 
LU,  XV.  57.  dimidios  Crispi  eqmosi  BIart« 
X.  ii.  10.  cf.  iii.  219.  xv.  5.  R. 

Humeros  minor  is  a  Gredsm,  asyVoii. 
tem  minor  truncam ;  Sil.  iii.  42.  V.  Flac 
i.  682.  Luc.  ii.  717.  R. 

5.  M.  Val.  Max,  Corvinus ;  i.  108. 
acquired  the  latter  name  from  his  vic- 
tory, when  military  tribune,  over  a  gigan- 
tic Gaul,  in  which  he  was  aided  bj  a 
raven.  Li  v.  vii.  26.  PR, 

Ser.  Sulpieius  Gallta,  the  emperor,  ii« 
104.  traced  his  pedigree  up  to  Jupiter. 
One  of  his  ancestors  is  here  m^ini.  LU. 
Suet.  2  sq.  PR^ 

6.  Cf.  135  sqq.  Pers.  iv.  46  sqq.  R. 

'  To  display  ostentatiously.'  FA.  LU* 

quamvis,  Pontiea  pinus,  sylvafiUa  nohUis, 

jactes  et  genus  et  nomen  inutile;    Hor. 

I  Od.  xiv.  11  sqq.   note  on  ^rd(s€imt 

Her.  vii.  10. 

7.  '  The  genealogical  tables*  were 
made  out  in  the  form  of  trees :  the  first 
founder  of  the  family  was  the  root,  his 
immediate  descendants  the  stem,  and  all 
the  collaterals  from  them  were  *  the 
branches.'  M.  Or  (2)  '  by  many  fasces  / 
VS,  of  which  a  dictator  had  twenty-four. 


UT.  Till.  OF  JUVENAL.  20 1 

Fumosos  Equitum  cum  Dictatore  Magistros, 
Si  coram  Lepidis  male  vivitur?  Effigies  quo 
10  Tot  bellatorum,  si  luditur  alea  pernox 
Ante  Numantinos  ?  si  dormire  incipis  ortu 
Luciferi,  quo  signa  duces  et  castra  movebant  ? 
Cur  AUobrogicis  et  magna  gaudeat  ara 
Natus  in  Herculeo  Fabius  lare,  si  cupidus,  si 

a  eoMul  twehe,  aod  a  matter  of  the  tietoria  cognomen  AUobrogici  sibimet  ae 

bone  six.  LU.     Or  (3)  '  to  point  out  poueiis  peperit ;  V.  Max.  vL  9.  (cf.  vu. 

witb  a  wand  to  the  oenont  before  whom  214.)  PR.  Plin.  rii.  50.  xxxiii.  1 1.  Liv. 

yoQ  <ttn>la7  joar  pedigree.'  SCH.  £p.  Ixi.  Flor.  iii.  2.  £R,  CI.  Cic.    His 

8.  Oirvpndt  ad  hmurit  errore  hominum,  son  Q.  F.  JVf.  Persieut,  in  consequence 
tmmmtmdmtiong  fu motarum  imaginum,  of  his  profligacy,  was  interdicted  from  the 
^marum  aimiU  habet  nihil  pretUr  colorem ;  use  of  his  father's  estate  by  the  city 
Cic.  M  Pis.  1.  The  kitchen  was  in  the  prctor  Q.  Pompeius,  father  of  the  tn- 
httU,  on  which  account  the  latter  was  umvir.  V.  Max.  III.  t.  2.  Sen.  Ben.  ii. 
called  mtrimm  from  the  '  black'  colour.  21.  iv.  30.  7.  LU.  R.  G. 

5F.5/C.  Ant.  J.  C.R.ii.  20.  PR./uiiuiia  «  The  great  altar'  stood  in  the  Ox- 

ittmwtatm ;  Mart.  VIII.  vi.  3.   Sen.  £p.  market  near  the  Flaroinian  Circus,  and 

44,  frdm  nigra  iumulaera  fumo;    Hor.  was  consecrated  to  Hercules  by  Era nder. 

Ill  Od.Ti.  4.  R.  llie  Fabii  claimed,  by  virtue  of  their 

9.  M.  i£ni<.  Lepidui,  putr  sttam  turn  descent    from    Hercules,   the   exclusive 
If    m    meitm,   hottem    interemit,  right  to  minister  at  it.  VS.  T.  LU,  Schol. 

mT:   enjus   tarn   wamorabilis  on  Liv.  i.  7.  ix.  29.     Plut.   V.  Fab. 

mi  m  Capitolio  ttatua  bullata  Macr.  iii.  6.     Evandntm  AUides   rurt- 

ti    imemalm    prwisxta,   mnatut   contuito  eoUuqtu   voeat :    eomtituitqug    tibi,    qutt 

pmiim  UU,  fuijam  virtuH  matuTut,  honori  maxima  dicitur,  aram,  hie  ubi  pars 

ttmptitiwuB ;  V.  Max.  iii.  1 .  PR,  Urbis  de  bovt  nomen  habet ;    Ov.  F.  L 

CtfMH 'in  the preMnce  of  their  images;'  580sqq.  (H.  BU.)  PR.  Virg.  JE.  viii. 

rS.144.Jt.  271.  {Hr.)R. 

'  One  lives  iU.'  nannuUii  tcUt  nobiUtas  Gaudeat  '  not  only  be    vain    of   it, 

gimtrujpmrart  ignobilitatem  nuHtii ;  Greg,  but  reap  advantage  from  it.'    non  tine 

Diel.  PR.  ratione    sacra    est    magnarum    virtutum 

Qna  *  to  what  end  V   142.  xiv.  135.  memoria :    et  esse  plnres  bonos  juvat,  si 

zv.  61.  Ov.  Her.  iL  53.  iv.  157.  (H.)        gratia  bononim  non  cum  ipsis  eadat 

10.  Aim ;  L  88.  the  nominative  for  the  Quid   nuper   Fabium  Persieum,  cujus 

ablative.  JL  otculum  etiam  impudici  titabant,  sacer- 

Ptrmm ;  Virg.  G.  iiL  230.   Thus  vigi'  dotem  non  in  uno  collegia  fecit ;  nut  Fin-- 


imflmmtret}  iu.275.  LC/^.    Pers.  v.  57.  rucosi  et  AUobrogici  et  illi  trecenti, 

pirn  (ii.  155.)  qui  hostium  incurtioni  pro  re- 

II.  yjiiiMaflwiM  ;  8.  Flor.  iu  18.  PR,  publica   unam    domum    objecerant7    hoe 

13.  The  planet   Venns   was    called  debemus  virtutibus,  ut  non  prcuenUs  solum 

Vmper  or  Uespemt  in  the  evening,  and  illas,  sed  etiam  ablatas  e  consptetu  calamus ; 

Laiiifir  or  Phaephomt  in  the  morning.  Sen.  Ben.  iv.  30.  PA. 

LU,  mmaetrt  pra^mt  ditm  veniens  age,  14.  FafriiM,  the  founder  of  their  family, 

Lmcifar,   elman;     Virg.    £.   viii.    17.  is  said  to  have  been  the  son  of  Hercules 

Mns  aslfln  eai6il  imgtns  stdui  appellatum  by  Vinduna,  daughter  of  Evander.  Plut. 

fWrjf,  akama  meatu  vagum,  iptisqus  Y.  Fab.  Sil.  ii.  3.  vi.  627  mo.  vii.  35. 

^muUem  wlie  ae  luna,  pre-  44.  48.  viii.  217.  Ov.  Pont.  111.  iii.  100. 


mmime  mppe  et  miUe  matutinum  exoriens,  F.  ii.  237.  375  sqq.  Macr.  iii.  6.  R. 
Imfifen  nmntn  meeipii,  ut  sal  alter,  diem        The  Lares  were  common  to  the  whole 

eoNtra,   ab  ceeasu  refulgens,  clan,  and  were  preserved  by  each  family : 

'  Vetper,  «t  prerogans  lucem  privata  sacra  perpetua  sunto ;  a  Law  of  the 

Imitf  rMfims ;  Plin.  li.  8.  PR.  XII    Tables.     Hence    they  are   called 

13.  Q.  Fe».  Max,  £miUanus  GaUiea  paterni;  xii.  89.  patrii ;  lib.  I.  x.  15. 

2  D 


202 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  VIII. 


15  Vanus  et  Euganea  quantumvis  moUior  agna; 
Si  tenerum  adtritus  Catinetisi  pumice  lumbum 
Squalentes  traducit  avos  em  torque  veneni 
Frangenda  miseram  funestat  imaginegentem  ? 
Tota  licet  veteres  exornent  undique  cer« 


Syoes.  Ep.  t.  72.  Di  Penates  parentum 
familueque  Lar  jntter ;  PlauU  Merc.  i.  5. 
PL.  They  are  said  to  be  the  sons  of 
Mercury  and  the  nymph  Lara :  Ov.  F.  ii. 
According  to  Plato,  good  men  became 
Lares  after  death,  and  wicked  men, 
Lemures,  PR. 

15.  The  Euganeaos  originally  dwelt 
between  the  Alps  and  the  Adriatic ;  they 
were  driven  to  the  hills  by  the  Veneti, 
and  settled  between  the  river  A  thesis 
and  the  lake  Larius.  Liv.  i.  1.  Their 
name  was  frequently  applied  to  the  Ve- 
netians, in  whose  territory  was  the  town 
of  Altinum  at  the  mouth  of  the  Silis, 
famous  for  its  white  wool :  Mart.  XIV. 
cly.  (quoted  in  the  note  on  vi.  150.) 
Colum.  VII.  ii.  3.  Among  other  excel- 
lent sheep  are  named,  the  Circumpadana  \ 
Plin.  viii.  48  s  73.  and  the  Pollentina ; 
Mart.  XIV.  clvii.  R.  Plin.  iv.  20.  SCH. 

'  More  soft'  denotes  effeminacy :  as 
<ma  GaUesi  mollior  Phalantini ;  Mart. 
V.  xxxvii.  2.  R. 

16.  *'  If,  with  anxious  care.  From  his 
soft  limbs  he  pumice  every  hair.  And 
shame  his  rough>hewn  sires !"  G. 

Catina  (now  Catania)  a  town  of  Sicily 
near  Jtlina,  was  buried  by  a  shower  of 
'  pumice  stones'  in  one  of  the  eruptions 
or  that  mountain.  Oros.  v.  13.  It  had 
been  notorious  for  its  luxury  and  pro6i. 
gacy.  VS.  T.  It  suffered  much  in  1669 
A.D.  PR.  and  again  in  1693.  M.  Its 
lands  were  damaged,  acpording  to  Thu- 
cydides,  in  425  B.C. 

Pumex ;  in  usu  corporum  UBvigandorum 
feminist  jam  quidem  et  viris ;  Plin.  xxxvi. 
21.  Pfl.  Ot.  A.  A.  i.  606.  R. 

17.  '  He  exposes  to  public  derision.' 
The  metaphor  is  taken  from  guilty  per- 
sons being  carried  thro  ugh  the  forum 
with  the  name  and  nature  of  their  oflPence 
suspended  round  their  neck.  FA.  Suet. 
Tit.  8.  PR.  cf.  xi.  31.  Li?,  ii.  38.  xxxiii. 
23.  Mart.  I.  liv.  3.  III.  Ixxiv.  5.  VI. 
Ixxvii.  5.  R.  Or  *  conveys  their  images 
in  funeral  processions.*  GE. 

Squalentes  may  be  (1)  synonymous 
withyiimosoi,  8.  '  smoky  and  dusty  from 


a?e.'  cf.  Sit.  i.  211.  iii.  655.  iv.  37S. 
Virg.  G.  iii.  161.  ApoUon.  ii.  1007.  iii. 
411.  Or  (2) 'rough  and  manly/ iL  11, 
note.  Or  (3)  '  mourning  for  tbe  d«g«-> 
neracy  of  their  posterity.'  R,  FA, 

18.  The  busts  and  statues  of  such  w» 
had  l)een  guilty  of  any  capital  crinie  wtim 
sometimes  delivered  up  to  the  comauNa 
executioner  to  be  destroyed,  that  thej 
might  not  disgrace  the  name,  by  bein^ 
carried  with  the  rest  in  the  fuoeral  pro- 
cesrions  of  the  family.  LU,  z.  68.  PR, 
Plin.  Pan.  52.  Tac.  A.  vi.  2.  {LL)  R. 
This  might  have  operated  as  a  very  pow- 
erful preventive  of  vice,  had  it  not,  like 
many  other  salutary  customs,  been  per- 
verted by  the  emperors  and  their  fevonr- 
ites  to  the  purposes  of  private  hatred  and 
revenge.  Motions  were  sometimea  made 
in  the  senate,  for  breaking  the  boats  of 
such  as  were  obnoxious  to  the  tvrant  of 
the  day ;  and  even  ao  early  as  the  reign 
of  Tiberius,  we  find  that  it  was  not  con- 
sidered safe,  in  the  splendid  funeral  of 
Junia,  the  wife  of  Cassius,  to  brinff  oat 
among  the  numerous  busts  of  her  illee- 
trious  family,  either  that  of  her  husband  or 
that  of  her  brother.  *'  Could  bat  oar  la- 
thers break  the  bonds  of  fate.  And  tee  their 
offspring  thus  degenerate ;  How  thej  con- 
tend for  birth  ami  names  unknown.  And 
build  on  others'  actions,  not  their  own* 
They'd  bum  their  titles,  and  their  tonbe 
deface,  And  disavow  the  vile,  degenerate 
race  :  For  fame  of  families  is  all  a  cheat* 
Tis  personal  virtue  only,  makes  ua 
great  ;'*  De  Foe,  quoted  nrom  meuMwy. 
G. 

19.  Atriaque  immodieis  aretat  imagiaii- 
btis ;  Mart.  II.  xc.  6.  LU.  non  fieit  ne* 
biUm  atrium  plenum  fumosit  imagUdbmt* 
nemo  in  nostram  gloriam  visit,  nequ§  ^tud 
antefuity  nostrvan  est,  animus ficii  ncbUtm, 
cut  ex  quaeumque  conditume  supra  fir* 
tunam  licet  surgere,  quis  est  gtngrcmaat 
ad  virtutem  bene  a  natura  eompasituti 
Sen.  Ep.  44.  Auth.  of  Pan.  ad  Pis.  5  aqq. 
Sail.  B.  J.  85.  Pers.  ui.  29.  (K.)  R. 
Juvenal  perhaps  had  in  his  eye,  Or.  Am, 
I.  viii.  65.  H. 


SAT.  VIII,  OF  JUVENAL,  203 

20  Atria,  nobilitas  sola  est  atque  unica  virtus. 

Paulus  vel  Cossus  vel  Drusus  moribus  esto : 

Hos  ante  effigies  majorum  pone  tuonim : 

Prsecedant  ipsas  illi  te  Consule  virgas. 

Prima  mihi  debes  animi  bona.     Sanctus  haberi 
25  Justitiaeque  tenax  factis  dictisque  mereris  ? 

Agnosco  procerem.     Salve,  Gaetulice,  seu  tu 

Silanus,  quocumque  alio  de  sanguine  !  rarus 

Civis  et  egregius  patriae  contingis  ovanti. 

Ezelamare  libet,  populus  quod  clamat,  Osiri 

21.  (1)  Paulus;  see  145,  note.  FA.  illustrious  hero  and  conqueror,  than  he 

PlvU  Vit     Aar.  Vict  de  Vir.  III.  PA.  who  has  but  gained  a  victory  over  bar- 

(2)  AuiuM  C&rneKus  Cctna,  when  tribune  barian  enemies.'  LU, 

in  the  amy,  slew  Lar  Tolumnius  king  of  27.  Jnnitu  SiLanut  eximia  n<^Uitatg 

the  VeientM,  and  thereby  carried  off  /nit\  1'ac.  A.  xii.  tntr.   LU.     He  was 

the  second  §polia  apima  to  consecrate  to  son-in-law  of  the  emperor  Claudius.  Suet. 

Jvpiter  Feretrius.   Liv.  iv.  19.    Or  C.  27.  PR. 

Gvni.  Lentului  Cottut.    Auguiiut  Oesar  Rari  quippe  boni;  x\\\.  26.  LU. 

Gteiulm  aeedat  Syrtiwn  Cowo  due€  com-  29.  Osiris  was  deified  as  having  been 

jmeuit,  undt  iUi  Gtetuliei  nomeu ;  Flor.  the  inventor  of  agriculture,  gardening, 

IV.ziL  40.  The  latter  would  seem  to  be  and  planting.  Tib.  I.  vii.  27  sqq.  C^^*) 

here  atloded  to,  from  v.  26.  FA.  PR.  VS,   The  Egyptians  worshipped  him  un- 

(8)  One  of  the  CUmdii  gained  the  addi-  der  the  figure  of  a  live  ox,  which  he  was 

lioiuil  name  of  Dnuui  by  engaging  hand  supposed  to  animate.    AVhen  the  animal 

tehand  and  slaying  Drusus  the  enemy's  (to  which  they  gave  the  name  of  Apis, 

■eaeral :    be  also  brought  back  out  of  LO.)  grew  old.  and  consequently  unfit 

Gaol  the  gold  which  had  formerly  been  for  the  residence  of  the  divinity,  he  was 

Mid  to  the  Seuooes,  when  they  were  thought  to  quit  it,  and  migrate  into  a 

MMtging  the  Capitol.  PA.   There  were  younger    body    of    the    same    species ; 

in  Javenal's  time  two  lawyers  named  just  as  the  Tartars,  with  infinitely  more 

P«M/«f  and  Cottui,  who,  probably,  good  sense,  are  taught  to  believe  that 

were  no  honour  to  the  name  they  bore,  their  Lama  migrates  from  one  human 

viL  144,  note.  body  to  another.     The  deserted  ox  was 

23.  Hm  i.  «•  wum,  VS.  cf.  Tac.  Agr.  drowned  with  much  ceremonious  sorrow ; 
46.  when,   those    melancholy  maniacs,   his 

24.  '  If  yon  look  for  respect  from  me,  priests,attended  by  an  immense  concourse 
I  win  tell  yon  what  I  exact  first  from  of  people,  dispersed  themselves  over  the 
yoo.*  LU.  country,  wailing  and  lamenting,  in  quest 

Amimi    bona  *  the   moral  and  intel-  of  the  favoured  individual  which  Osiris 

ketnal  virtoet,'  as  opposed  to  '  corporeal  had  selected  to  dwell  in.  This  the  priests 

goods'    and    <  the   goods    of    fortune.'  were  supposed  to  know  by  some  sacred 

ACH,  marks,  and  this  they  always  took  care  to 

iii.  137.  M.  integer  viUe  tee*  find  in  due  time  :  the  lamentations  of  the 


lentnupunu  ;  Hor.  I  Od.  xxii.  1.  people  were  then  changed  into  songs  of 

25.  See  note  on  80.  joy ;  they  conducted  the  sacrosanct  beast 
'  In  word  and  deed  :'  nuuimum  enim  with  great  pomp  to  the  shrine  of  his  pre- 

crt  SBpMntur  qffieium  et  ifuftcium,  ut  verb'u  decessor,  shouting  and  calling  to  the  inha- 

eperaeimeardent,n§orationivitadi$*entiat ;  bitauts  as  they  passed,  "  We  have  found 

Sen.  SCH.  him,  we  have  found  him  !  come,  and  let 

26.  '  All  hail!'  Hor.  I  Od.  xxxii.  15.  us  rejoice  together."  All  the  rites  of  the 
H.  Egyptians  were  of  a  gloomy  cast.    This 

Gdttulke ;  21 ,  note.  '  The  man,  who  may  be  one  of  the  causes  of  the  singular 
has  snbjttgated  his  passions  and  triumphs  attachment  of  the  women  to  them,  where- 
over  temptations,  it  to  my  mind  a  more  ever  they  were  introduced.     We  have 


204 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  VIII. 


30  Invento.    Quis  enim  generosum  dizerit  hunc,  qui 
Indignus  genere  et  prasclaro  nomine  tantum 
Insignis?  Nanum  cujusdam  Atlanta  vocamus, 
^thiopem  cycnum,  pravam  extortamque  puellam 
Europen;  canibus  pigris  scabieque  vetusta 

35  Levibus  et  siccae  lambentibus  ora  lucemae 

Nomen  erit  pardus,  tigris,  leo,  si  quid  adhuc  est, 
Quod  fremat  in  terris  violentius.     Ergo  eavebis 
Et  metues,  ne  tu  sis  Creticus  aut  Camerinus. 

His  ego  quern  monui?  Tecum  est  mihi  sermo,  Rubelli 


seen  (vi.  526  aqq.  PR.)  in  what  manner 
the  priests  of  Ins  ran  up  and  down  the 
streets  of  Rome,  howling  and  lamenting 
for  OKiris  :  this  was  a  paltry  imitation  of 
their  native  ceremonies ;  to  the  clamorous 
termioationof  which  Juvenal  here  alludes. 
G.M.  Her.  iii.  27  sqq.  Plin.  viii.  46. 
Lact.  Inst.  i.  21.  R, 

30.  Quit  m^Uittimut,  nisi  qui  <tptimut  9 
Fabius.  LU,   See  note  on  19.  PR, 

31.  '  Panegyric  then  becomes  irony, 
it  can  only  be  applied  by  antipkrasit,* 
VS, 

32.  N«Mf  pumilio;  Gell.  xix.  13.  homo 
suot  breviter  eoncrttut  tu  artut ;  Prop. 
IV.  viii.  41.  jmmiiumum  genug  in  omni- 
bus animalUms  est ;  Plin.  xi.  49.  PR,  R, 
People  of  quality  kept '  dwarfs'  for  their 
amusement  M, 

Atlas,  brother  of  Prometheus  and  king 
of  Mauritania.  LU,  Hie  homiHum  euno" 
tfls  ingetiti  corpore  prastans  lapetionidet 
Atlas fuit ;  Ot.  M.  iv.  630  sq.  quis  par 
esset  Atlanti  viribus  ?  t6.  652  sq.  quantus 
erat,  mons  factus  Atlas  ;  ib*  656.  ib,  vii. 
174  sq.  caelum  9111  veriiet^  fulcii  \  Virg. 
JE.  iv.  247.  maximta  Atlas  axem  humtro 
torquet  steUis  ardeniVnis  aptum ;  t6.  iv.  481 
sq.  PR. 

Vocamiis.  wm}}nelms  ««)  Jikti^tias  f/X«f, 
«>r  i  Kmfiu»it  ^n,  ri  wv»u  0v*a,  «^v 
s»ti(pnr>  n  0»dipn9  •Ni^«{[fi*  Luc.  irSt  iu 
ler.  9»yy,  41.  The  manner  of  parasites 
in  buch  matters  is  described,  Ath.  vi.  9. 
lior.  I  S.  iii.  44  sqq.  R. 

33.  •  An  Ethiopian.*  ii.  23.  PR. 
Jerem.  xiii.  23. 

34.  EuToya  was  the  daughter  of  Age- 
nor  king  of  Phoenicia  and  sister  of  Cadmus; 
smitten  by  her  charms,  Jupiter  trans- 
formed himself  into  a  bull.  LU,  Ov.  M. 
ii.  836  sqq.  PR,  Hor.  Ill  Od.  xxvii.  25 
sqq.  M. 


36.  On  these  animals,  see  Plin.  H.  N. 
viii.  17  sq.  Gell.  v.  14.  PluL  Anim. 
Comp.  PR. 

37.  '  Do  not  too  hastily  exult  when 
you  are  addressed  by  some  high-iound- 
ing  title.  You  should  rather  b«  cau- 
tious and  appiehensive  that  it  maj  be 
mere  irony  in  him  who  thui  addrosw  1 
you.'  R.  Perhaps  we  should  read  ste  kxt 
sit,  J. 

38.  Creticus;  DIo  xxxvi.  Sail.  B.C. 
29.  R.  See  also  iu  67.  SCH.  when  the 
title  is  used  ironically. 

Cameriuus ;  vii.  90.  SCH. 

39.  C.  Rub,  Blandus  (or  rather  PUsm^ 
tus)  was  descended  from  the  JuUaa 
clan  by  the  mother's  side.  He  was 
first  cousin,  one  remove,  of  Nero ;  Ui 
mother  Julia  being  sister  to  Gennanicut 
the  father  of  Julia  Agrippina  ;  and  also 
second  cousin,  his  grandmother  Antonla 
minor  ^the  mother  of  Julia)  being  tbt 
sister  of  A  ntonia  major,  who  was  Neio't 
grandmother,  C.  Domitius  Ahenobarbin 
This  father)  being  her  son.  The  two 
Antonias  were  the  daughters  of  Maic 
Antony  and  Octavia  the  sister  of  Aiigiit- 
tus,  whose  mother  Atia  was  the  niece  of 
Julius  Caesar  by  his  sister  Julia.  Antonia 
minor  married  Drusus  Germanicot  the 
brother  of  Tiberius :  these  two  were  the 
step-sons  of  Augustus  by  Livia.  The 
wife  of  Germanicus  (the  father  of  J« 
Agrippina)  was  Agrippina,  whose  mother 
was  Julia  the  daughter  of  Augmtos. 
So  that  Nero  could  boast  a  threefold 
descent  from  the  Julbn  FamUy ;  (1) 
Nero,  Domitius,  Antonia  major,  Oc- 
tavia, Atia,  Julia ;  (2)  Nero,  J. 
Agrippina,  Germanicus,  Antonia  minor, 
Octavia,  &c.  (3)  Nero,  J.  Agrippina, 
Agrippina,  Julia,  Augustus,  AUa* 
&c. 


SAT-  Till-  OF  JUVENAL.  205 

40  Blande.    Tumes  alto  Drusonim  stemxnate,  tamquam 
Feceris  ipse  aliquid,  propter  quod  nobilis  esses, 
Ut  te  condperet,  quae  sanguine  fiilget  luli, 
Non  quae  ventoso  eonducta  sub  aggere  texit. 
'<  Vos  humiles,"  inquis,  <'  vulgi  pars  ultima  nostri, 

45  Quorum  nemo  queat  patriam  monstrare  parentis ; 
Ast  ego  Cecropides/'     Vivas  et  originis  hujus 
Graudia  longa  feras;  tamen  ima  plebe  Quiritem 
Facundum  invenies :  solet  hie  defendere  causas 
Nobilis  indocti.     Veniet  de  plebe  togata, 

50  Qui  juris  nodes  et  legum  senigmata  solvat. 
Hie  petit  Euphraten  juvenis  domitique  Batavi 
Custodes  aquilas,  armis  industrius ;  at  tu 
l<ni  nisi  Cecropides  truncoque  simillimus  Hermae. 

40.  Tumm  i.  f.  (jn)  inflatut  pUntuqui',  dary  of  the  Rom«Q  empire :  where  '  le- 

72.  R.  gioos*  were  '  stationed  to  keep  ia  check' 

JU9  tttmwmti ;  1.  end  yi.  385.  R.  the  Parthians,  Syrians,  and  other  Asiatic 

43.  '*  And  not  the  offspring  of  some  foes.  22. 

easy  fttr^  Who,  shivering  in  the  wind,  '  The  Batavians'  (Baton  truces ;  Luc. 

near  yon  dead  wall.  Plies  ner  vile  labour,  VSJ)  had  not  been  *  subdued,'  thou^ 

aad  is  all  to  all."  G.  actual  hostilities  had  ceased.  Tac.  A.  it. 

4mr*;    t.  153.  vi.  588.   cf.  Plin.  12— 37.  54_86.  v.  14— 26.  Sil.  iH.  608. 

U.Nrni.5s9.  (HiL)  Dionys.iK.  Surab.  R,    It  appears  from  Tacitus  and  Sue- 

f.  Tae.  Ao.  tv.  2.  LL  Hor.  I  S.  viii.  15.  tonius  that  Domitian  was  really  engaged 

Sveu  CaL  R,  Tib.  I.  n.  77  sqq.  (HIT.)  in  an  expedition  against  these  people  '  in 

Mart.  I.  zzxv.  6.  PL,  his  youth.'  G. 

45.  *Aw^rf  §iu  t%an  ilitup   Sf§fm  52. '  The  eagles' were  of  gold  or  silver, 

mmirrtS,  AXX'  ^SSk  wmrfit*   Synes.  adv.  and  6xed  on  spears :  it  was  Marius,  in 

Andr.  1.  c£  it.  98.  Yirg.  X.,  iz.  343.  R.  his  second  consulship,  who  appropriated 

46«  CeenyNdti;   53.  ii.  92.  t.  c.  '  of  these  ensigns  to   the   Roman    legions. 

royal  and  ancient  lineage.'  cf.  Pers.  iv.  Plin.  z.  4.  PR.    They  are  here  put  for 

20.  IAJ<.    iifyttUrt^§f  rtS   Ki«^«r«f    %  '  the  legions'  themselves.  LU.  FA. 

tJ^'  LvG.  Tim.  23.  R.  53.  Truncui  atqu§  ttipet ;   Cic.  Pis.  9. 

'  23ir,  I  wisli  you  long  life,  and  much  ioy  reliqui  d»  fietiont  mnt  intrtunmi  uobiUi, 

ofyov  noble  descent.' Af.  cf.  goudcaf ;  1 3.  tn  quQnu,  sieut  in  ttatua,  prater  tumun 

47.   Summa  aeepe  ingenia  in  occulta  niJul  est  additawtenti ;  Sail,  de  Rep.  Ord. 

letewt ;  Plant.  LU,  cf.  viu  145.  Cic.  T.  Or.  ii.  rriXf««f .  Lysipp.  in  Dicasarch. 

Q.  Si.  33»  Hor.  I  S.  vi.  6 — 16.  A.  Henna  »iolidit»imusi  Siaon.  Ep.iT.  16.  •& 

Qairitem.    This  noun  denotes  those  ftil  ^^n^nf,  §1  »i»*rv  Itt^m^ftUirmf  ^X^i^ 

poswised  of  the  rights  of  citizenship :  the  ^katu^^t  i    r^  t  ifuKtf  fi^tvt  u^nurt, 

linf  ular  number  of  it  occurs  only  in  ami  rtits  litwn  r»^t  tuytuTs  i  •!  yi^  r$uSrm 

poets.  R,  rki  ^iXut  •iuwrn  iS  nmi  hiftmf*    a!  31 

49.  Note  on  L  96.  PR.  ^d0tng   as  »im»}  f (iy«»  &'ymXfiae'  Ayfii 

50.  *  The  knotty  points  of  law  and  the  Mr  Eur.  El.  383  sqq.  The  figures 
ambigaoQS  wording  of  statutes.'  eenignutta  here  alluded  to  were  termes,  rough-hewn 
Oreeci,  veteret  naetfi  quidam  tcrupot  ap^  square  stones  set  upright,  and  surmounted 
ftiiarHnt ;  Cell.  zii.  6.  PR,  with  a  head  of  Hermes  or  Mercury.    In 

51.  After  the  times  of  Marius  and  Greece  they  were  placed  before  the  doors 
SnUa.few  young  men  of  birth  and  fortune  of  temples,  C.  Nep.  A!c.  3.  and,  as  at 
enCcied  tbt  army.  R,  Rome,  in  the  streets  and  cross-ways.  R, 

The  Eupknioi  wu  the  eastern  boun-     VS,  [livy  xzvii,  4,  m.  £D.] 


206 


THE  SATIRES 


BAT.  Till. 


Nullo  quippe  alio  vincis  discrimine^  quam  quod 
55  Illi  marmoreum  caput  est,  tua  vivit  imago. 
Die  mihi,  Teucrorum  proles,  animalia  muta 
Quis  generosa  putet,  nisi  fortia?  nempe  volucrem 
Sic  laudamus  equum,  facili  cui  plurima  palma 
Fervet  et  exsultat  rauco  victoria  Circo. 
60  Nobilis  hie,  quocumque  venit  de  graxnine,  cujus 
Clara  fuga  ante  alios  et  primus  in  aequore  pulvis : 
Sed  venale  pecus  Corythse  posteritas  et 
Hirpini,  si  rara  jugo  Victoria  sedit. 
Nil  ibi  majorum  respectus,  gratia  nulla 
65  Umbrarum :  dominos  pretiis  mutare  jubentur 
Exiguis  tritoque  trahunt  epiredia  coUo 


65.  'A  marble  head.*  cf.  xiii.  115. 
Mart.  XI.  Izi.  8.  R. 

56.  Cf.  42.  i.  100.  The  Julian  family 
claimed  desceDt  from  lulus,  through 
whom  they  would  trace  their  origin  to 
Teucer  as  follows:  lulus*  iEoeas,  An- 
chises,  Capys,  Assaracus,  Tios,  Erichtho- 
nius,  Batea,  Teucer. 

67.  Cf.  Hor.  IV  Od.  iv.  29  sqq. 
Mart.  VI.  xxxviii.  7  sq.  R, 

Animals,  as  well  as  men,  had  their 
names,  families,  and  pedigrees.  Stat.  S. 
V.  ii. 22 sqq.  Nemes.  24 1 .  (WE,  exc.  x.) 
Sil.  xvi.  328  sqq.  (DR,)  A.  Hall  has 
here  been  rather  successful  in  his  imi- 
tation :  "  Tell  me,  thou  gentle  Trojan, 
dost  thou  prize  Thy  brute  beasts'  worth 
by  their  dam's  qualities?  Say'st  thou  this 
colt  shall  prove  a  swift-paced  steed. 
Only  because  a  jennet  did  him  breed  \ 
The  whiles  thou  see'stsome  of  thy  stallion 
race.  Their  eyes  bor'd  out,  masking  the 
miller's  maze.  Like  to  the  Scythian  slave 
swome  to  the  payle,  Or  dragging  frothy 
barrels  at  their  tayleV  IV  Sat.  iu.  G. 

58.  Stat  S.  V.  ii.  21  %qq.  Colum.  vi. 
27.  Plin.  viii.  42.  /?. 

Faeiti  *  swift,'  '  moving  easily  and 
rapidly.'  iv.  63,  note.  Virg.  Al,  viii.  310. 
Ov.  A.  A.  i.  160.  and  V.  Flac.  i.  109. 
(BU,)  R. 

'  The  palms  of  thousands  glow  with 
warm  applause.'  M,  Equi  in  Cireo  ad 
curms  junetif  nan  dubie  intelUelum  ad* 
hortatumis  et  gloria  fatentur ;  Plin.  vii. 
42.  (HA^)  tantus  amor  laudumt  tant€B 
€9t  victoria  curte ;  Virg.  G.  iii.  1 12.  SCH, 

59.  '  Whose  victory  is  greeted  with 
shouts  of  exultation  by  the  hoarse  Cir- 


cus:' LU,  (see  notes  on  iii.  65.  and  223. 
PA.)  t.  «. '  the  spectators  in  the  Circus.' 
Sil.  xvi.  534.  R, 

Rauco:  thus  clamotut  circus ;  iz.  144. 
Mart.  X.  liii.  I.  raitca  athorti  vi.515. 
ravea  vicinia;  Hor.  I  Ep.  xvii.  62.  A. 

61.  '  Speed.'  volucremqnt  f^g» 
pr<Bvertitur  Eurum;  Virg.  JE,  U  331. 
LU. 

Mquor  *  the  level  surface'  of  a  plain, 
as  well  as  of  the  sea  :  at  jtritu  igtutmm 
ferro  quam  tcindimus  equor;  Virg.  G. 
i.  50.  LU.  Mgyptii  ct  Babytonii  m  cam- 
porum  patentium  eequoribut  habUanUti 
Cic  de  Div.  i.  93.  PA. 

Sunt  quot  curriculo  pulverem  Olyw^ 
picum  collegisMejuvat ;  metaquefe rvidie 
evitata  rotis,  palmaque  nobiiit  Utra- 
rum  dominos  evehit  ad  dcos  ;  Hor.  I  Od. 
i.  3  sqq.  PA. 

62.  Corytha  and  Hirpinus  would  teem 
to  be  the  names  of  a  celebrated  brood- 
mare and  race-horse  of  thai  time.  LU» 

63.  Hirpini  veteres  qui  bene  novit  ame ; 
Mart.  III.  Ixiii.  12.  PA.  The  following 
inscriptions  are  copied  from  an  old  ttoot 
at  Rome,  on  which  are  sculptured  two 
prancing    horses:    (1)   aquilo  yspoa 

AQUILOKIS  VICIT  CXXZ,  SECUNOA8  TU- 
LIT  LXXXVIII,  TBRTIAS  TULIT  XXXVII. 
(2)  HinPINVS  NEPOS  AQUILOKIS  VICIT 
rXlV,    SECUNDAS    TULIT    LVI,    TERTIAS 

TULIT  XXXVI.  LI.  56,  note.  i?. 

64.  Ibi  *  in  their  case.'  A. 

65.  Mir«e^«UAm  r§vt  ^t^erirmt*  Luc. 
'EvirjK.  20.  A. 

66.  7rtt0  <  galled  by  the  collar.'  M. 
Epiredia:    Romani  suam  hane  fieere 

vocem  ex  utraque  aliena, '  I  •*)  *  Gretea,  et 


SAT.  VIII.  OF  JUVENAL.  207 

Segnipedes  dignique  xnolam  venare  Nepotis. 

Ergo  ut  miremur  te,  non  tua,  primum  aliquid  da, 

Quod  possim  titulis  incidere  praeter  honores, 
70  Quos  illis  damus  et  dedimus,  quibus  omnia  debes. 

Hsec  satis  ad  juvenem,  quein,  nobis  fama  superbum 

Tradit  et  inilatum  plenumque  Nerone  propinquo. 

Rams  enim  ferme  sensus  communis  in  ilia 

Fortuna.     Sed  te  censeri  laude  tuorum, 
75  Pontice,  noluerim,  sic  ut  nihil  ipse  futurse 

Laudis  agas.     Miserum  est  alioruin  incumbere  famse, 

Ne  collapsa  ruant  subductis  tecta  columnis. 

Stratus  humi  palmes  viduas  desiderat  ulmos. 

Esto  bonus  miles,  tutor  bonus,  arbiter  idem 
80  Integer :  ambiguae  si  quando  citabere  testis 

'  rtia*  GmliUa ;  Quint.  L  5.  PR,  cf.  iii.  men  are  wont  to  know  and  to  think ;  the 

10.  A.  prudence,   which  may  be   expected   in 

67.  B^M^§»t  is  the  epithet  of  an  ass.  every  one,  who  has  mixed  with  the  world 
SCH.  Old  mules,  and  donkeys,  and  and  acquainted  himself  with  the  manners 
brakeD-down  hacks  were  employed  to  and  institutions  of  mankind ;  but,  espe- 
tnro  the  itone  in  mills ;  they  got  little  cially,  such  as  is  requisite  in  the  daily  m- 
bnt  chaff  and  straw  to  eat,  and  had  more  tercourse  between  man  and  man.  Renun" 
blowa  than  either.  Apul.  As.  Aur.  vii.  ix.  eiaret  pritdUgium,  and  publiearet  (which 
Ov.  F.  ▼!.  312.  318  sqq.  H.  occur  in  Seneca)  are  additional  examples 

Ntpoi  a  well-known  miller  at  Rome,  of  words  acquiring  a  new  meaning  and 

who  kept  bis  mill  at  work  night  and  day.  one  which  the  respective  derivatives  re- 

SCH,  Mart.  R.  tain  in  modem  languages.  SPA, 

68.  "  And  were  thy  fathers  gentle  1  75.  PoUera  laudis;  Hor.III  Od.xzz. 
that's  their  praise ;  No  thank  to  thee,  by  7.  R. 

wbm  tbeir  name  decays ;  By  virtue  got  77.    Pindar  has  a  similar  metaphor, 

thcj  it,  and  valorous  aeed.  Do  thou  so,  xc^'^f    &^§^rAeafn$    tlru^u    w^tK^^ 

Pootke»  and  be  honoured.    Brag  of  thy  iaXiftsw  nUtmst  m  Sn  ^anrh  ^7«^«r, 

Iktbcr's  fmulti,  they  are  thine  own.  Brag  rif^t^iv*  Ol.  vi.  1  sqa. 

of  bis  lands,  if  they  are  not  foregone;  78.  The  metaphor  here  used  was  fami- 

Brag  of  thine  own  good  deeds ;  for  they  liar  to  the  Romans ;  vi.  150,  note.    The 

are  tbine.  More  than  his  life,  or  lands,  plane  and  the  p o pi  a r  were  used  for 

or  golden  line;"  Hall,  IV  Sat.  iii.  G.  the  same  purpose  as  the  elm.   aduUa 

mtm  at  tuum,  fortuna  quod  fieit  tuum  ;  vitium  fnvpagine  alta$  marital  poptUot ; 

Sen.  LV,  Hor.  Ep.  ii.  10.    platamu  atUbt  ivitteet 

G9.  Ineid/tTt  *  to  have  inscribed'  viz.  ulmoi ;  II  Od.  zv.  4  sq.  coUifnu  in  suit 

OB  thebnie  of  yonr  statue.  R,  vitem  vidtutt  dueit  ad  arbores ;  IV  Od.  v. 

71.  /vtwnsm  t.  c.  RiibeUium.  LU.  29  sq.  (ML)  Ov.  M.  ziv.  666.  (H.)  R. 

73.  Tac.  A.  ziv.  PR,  As  if  that  were  LU,  ncbiliavinarum  nisi  in  arhustisgigni, 

any  thing  to  be  prond  of.  VS,  Umgojudieatur  tevo  ;  adeo  exeeUitate  prO' 

73.  SluUitiam  putiuntur  epes;  Hor.  I  Jieitur,  hae  ratione  tt  arbores  eliguntur : 

&.  zvitL  29.  GR,    **  Lt  sens  eommun  prima  omnium  u  I  mue  ....  maritare, 

sVbI pas noMimuii;*' Voltaire.' Common  niti  validas,    inimieum,    ettecante  veloei 

nenae.'  (Hor.  I  S.  iiL  66.  Phsedr.  I.  vii.  vitium  ineremento  .....  dtjUetenda  vitis 

QoioL  Inst  Or.  I.  ii.  20.  Sen.)    The  out  pal  me  sjuxta  suam arbarem  aut  eirea 

Latin  words  teem  to  have  received  this  proximam  eoelibem;  Plin.  xviL  23. 

ptrticnlar  signification  in  the  Augustan  PR. 

»g« :  meaning  the  knowledge  of  what  80.  Juttum  ac  tenaeem  proporiti  virum 


208 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  Vlll. 


Incerteque  rei ;  Phalaris  licet  imperet,  ut  sis 
Falsus,  et  admoto  dictet  perjuria  tauro, 
Summum  crede  nefieis  animam  pneferre  pudori 
£t  propter  vitam  vivendi  perdere  causes. 
85  Dignus  morte  perit,  ccenet  licet  ostrea  centum 
Gaurana  et  Cosmi  tQto  mergatur  aeno. 
Exqpectata  diu  tandem  provincia  quum  te 
Rectorem  accipiet,  pone  ine  frena  modumque. 
Pone  et  avaritis;  miserere  inopum  sociorum. 


non  civium  ardor  prava  jubtntium,  turn 
vultut  ttutantit  tyronni  mtnU  quatU  to- 
lida  ;  Hor.  Ill  Od.  ui.  1  sqq.  LU.  Id.  I 
£p.  73  tqq.  R, 

81.  Phalaris,  tyrant  of  Asrigeotum  ia 
SicilVf  had  a  '  brazen  baa'  made  by 
Perillos,  in  which  he  roasted  men  ali? e 
over  a  tlow  fire ;  and  made  the  first 
experiment  upon  the  artist  himself.  Diod. 
ziii.  p.  211.  Luc.  Phal.  11.12.  Pers.  iii. 
39.  LU.  cf.  vi.  486. 

84.  Homo  natut  ad  nihil  ut  aliud, 
quam  ad  hontttatem ;  Cic.  Ac.  hominum 
genus  ad  htmettatem  natum ;  Id,  Part.  91. 
nihil  ett  prasiabilius,  quam  plane  intelligi 
noi  ad  juititiam  natos ;  Id.  de  Leg.  i.  28. 
PR.  LU.  This  is  the  doctrine  of  the 
Stoics.  Qui  voluptatibut,  dediti  quaa  in 
diem  vivunt,  vivendi  eausM  quotUie  Jlni- 
unt :  qui  vero  poiteros  e<^tant,  et  memo* 
riam  tut  operihut  extendunt,  his  nulla  mors 
nan  repentina  est ;  Plio.  £p.  V.  t.  4.  i7f 
mm^wis  riff  lirtytUo  {^mw  ,  eu^tt  Uim  xmi 
^(i^iuf  Mumwtmt'  M.Anton,  vi.  Aris- 
totelet  ait,  hominem  ad  duas  res,  ad  intel- 
Ugendum  et  ad  agendum,  esse  natum,  quasi 
mortalem  deum;  Cic.  Fin.  ii.  13.  Lampr. 
Heliog.  5  axtr.  (CAS.)  Pers.  iii.  66  sq. 
(K.)  cf.  XT.  106  sqq.  R. 

85.  "  Life  !  I  profane  the  word :  can 
those  be  said  To  live*  who  merit  death  1 
no  ;  they  are  dead.  Though  Gauran 
OTSters  load  their  sumptuous  board,  And 
o  er  their  limbs  all  Cosmo's  sweets  be 
pour*d."  G.  Perhaps  the  poet  had  in  his 
mind  the  confession  of  Tiberius  in  note  on 
X.  94.  see  Tac.  A.  vi.  6.  and  Plat.  Rep.  iz. 
p.  579.  JR.  quis  non  maritojudicet,  periisse 
tales  7  Plin.  H.  N.  xiii.  3.  "  Thou  hast 
a  name  that  thou  liTest,  and  art  dead  ;" 
Revel,  iii.  1.  PR.  In  Holy  Writ  a  life  of 
wickedness  is  constantly  spoken  of  as 
death,  and  the  wicked  aslieingdead  : 
"  Dead  in  trespasses  and  sins.'' 


Ostrea  ;  iv.  141  sq.  PR. 

86.  '  Gauran'  t.  «.  '  Lncrioe/  VS. 
from  Ganrus  (now  '  Gierro*)  a  mountain 
of  Campania  near  Bais  and  the  Lucrina 
lake.  LU,  hae  litora,  praUr  ceteris  tn 
tcHo  mari,  eanchylio  et  pisee  nabiU  adna» 
tatuur;  Plin.  H.  N.  iii,  5.  Strab.  v. 
PR,  concha  Luerini  delicatior  stagnii 
Mart  V.  xxxvii.  3. 

Cosmus  was  a  celebrated  perfbmer  of 
those  days.  Mart  I.  Ixxxvui.  2.  PH. 
IIL  Iv.  CiOmianisfutus  ampiUlie  ;  Ixxxit. 
26.  IX.  xxvii.  2.  Al.  viii.  9.  xv.  6. 1.  6. 
XII.  Ixv.  4.  XIV.  lix.  2.  JR. 

<  Be  plunged.'  Jam  non  Uni  tettltM^ 
sed  perfundi  unguantis gaudent ;  Plio. 
xiii.  3.  PR. 

'  A  caldron/  used  hyperboUcally.  M. 
Or  *  a  vase  of  fragrant  unguents.'  R* 

87.  '  Long  looked  for.'  LU, 

88.  Animum  rege ;  q^i,  nid  paret,  im» 
perat ;  hunc  frenis,  hune  tu  eompeaee 
catena  ;  Hor.  1  £p.  ii.  62  sq.  LU, 

89.  Regia  crede  mihi  ree  est  suemrrsrv 
lapns  ;  Ov.  Pont.  II.  ix.  1 1.  LU,  ilslm- 
here  aliquid  alteri,  atque  homvum  Aswmri 
ineemniodo  suum  augere  eemmodum,  wsagU 
est  contra  naturam,  quam  mors,  quam  poM' 
pertas,  quam  dolor:  nam  principio  toUU 
convietum  humanum  et  toeietatami  Cic 
Off.  iii.  21.  PJR. 

« The  allies*  u  «.  <  the  inhabitanU  of 
the  province.'  VS.  Cic  Verr.  if.  35. 
R.  **  The  Tartar  invasion  waa  mis- 
chievous ;  but  it  is  our  protection  that 
destroys  India.  It  was  their  enmity*  but 
it  is  our  friendship.  Young  men  (boys 
almost)  govern  there  without  society,  and 
without  sympathy,  with  the  nativea. 
Animated  with  all  the  avarice  of  age, 
and  all  the  impetuosity  of  youth,  toey 
roll  in,  one  after  another,  wave  aAer 
wave,  and  there  is  nothing  before  the 
eyes  of  the  natives  but  an  endless,  boper 


•  VIII.  OF  JUVENAL.  209 

Ossa  vides  regum  vacuis  exsucta  medullis. 
Respice,  quid  moneant  leges,  quid  curia  mandet, 
Prannia  quanta  bonos  maneant,  quam  fulmine  justo 
£t  Capito  et  Numitor  ruerint,  damnante  senatu, 
Piratae  Cilicum.     Sed  quid  damnado  confert, 
Quum  Pansa  eripiat,  quidquid  tibi  Natta  reliquit? 
Praeconem,  Chaerippe,  tuis  circumspice  pannis    • 
Jamque  tace.     Furor  est,  post  omnia  perdere  nauluin. 

"^^prwycct  of  new  flights  of  birds  of  xri.  17.  21. 28. 33.  Quint.  Intt.  vi.  1.  R. 

^^y  mi  passage,  with  appetites  con-  LU.  PR. 

^^I^ly  leoewing  for  food,  that  is  coq-  Numitor ;  cf.  vii.  74.  PR,    No  gover- 

^'^^'^l?  waatiDf  •    Every  mpee  of  profit  nor  of  Cilicia  bearing  this  name  is  men- 

^^de  bj  aa  Engluhniaii  is  lost  for  ever  tioned  in  history.  R. 

^  ladia;"  Borka,  Speech  on  the  East  94.  Tiu^rmi'   «/  umrk  irnXm^m*  mm- 

^lidia  fillip  p.  39  sq.  ANON,  umt^w  so  called  from  wu^tu  '  the  stra- 

90.  *  Of  kings'  (Cic  Verr.  and  Plut.  tagems  and  tricks'  they  practised.  Schol. 

V.  AbL)  *  and  grandees.'  (L  136,  note.)  on  Aristoph.  PR, 

^  '  Of  the  Cilicians/  who  were  them- 

Bjr  hjrpallage,  for  »m»«  ttmeltt;  selves  notorious  'pirates.'    VS,    Their 

Jt  nppoM  to  which  are  those,  iguihuM  est  piracies  were  suppressed   by   Pompey. 

afifiotf  pimue  vitmU  unduUm ;  Calp.  t.  Plut  V.  Pomp.    These  people  were  one 

ll&ef.  Hot.  Ep.v.  37.  (BY.)  Pers.  vi.  of  the  three  Cs;  «-#;•  udw^m  tUbu^rm' 

SL  (CAS.)  Ov.M.ziv.208.  (H.)  tS}i  Suid.  PA. 

fl  jrrfi  ytytMHmrir  Jk»Ms  mm)  rt^tr^m-  **  What  boots  itt"  G.  cf.  i.  34  sq.  PR, 

yWsr.  urn  tuii  fUftXig  Inh,  l»fn$^^mfTtt  and  47  sqq.  FA,     Compare  this  with 

m)  nSr§9  %Z  /UXm  l«v/»aX«Vt  4x*^*-  *^**  .£sop's  fable  addressed  to  the  Samisns ; 

mhrm  mmi  ritifi^mt  iwtrtrfuifiiftt  ^irgXi-  Arist.  Rh.  II.  xzi.  2. 

en^vtr*  Lnc  Tim.  8.  R,  95.  Panta  was  a  name  of  the  Vibiao 

91.  Lggts  md  mIuUm  eivium  rtvita-  clan,  Natta  of  the  Pinarian:  Tac.  A.  iv. 

twrnrnt  iaeobtuuiaUm,  vitam^§  Kominum  34.  Hor.  I  S.  vi.   124.    Pers.  iii.  31. 

fnitfaai  me  ftsstem  eintditat  csm  eonttat ;  Some  suppose  there  is  here  a  covert  allu- 

Cie.  Leg.  ii.  II.  PA.  sion  to  tne  treasury's  having  seised  upon 

Cmrim   *  the    senate,'  (literally  '  the  all  that  Marius  was  made  to  refund ; 

cant  Wnte.'  Ck.  de  Or.  iii.  42.  M,)  note  on  ii.  47.  A.  PA. 

wUck  aaignad  the  provinces  to  the  seve-  96.  *  The  -  best  thing  the  provincials 

ralfovcnora.  R.  can  do  is  to  sell  their  little  all :  when 

93.   Good  governors  were  honoured  converted  into  cash,  it  can  be  secreted  or 

Bol  nnlj  with  peenniary  presents,  but  removed  with  more  facility.*  VS, 

with  leanlcs,  festal  days,  (as  those  in  Pracmem ;  vii.  6.  M. 

hsnoor  offMareellus  at  Syracuse,  and  of  Ctueripput  designates   some   man  of 

LaenUna  at  Cyiieos,)  statues,  triumphal  good  family  reduced   to    beggary :    as 

chariolit  &c.  R.  names  compounded  with  7flMr«f  belonged 

TW  annate  is  hefe  compared  to  Jupiter,  to  persons  of  noble  birth, 

wielding  ita  thunders  and  fulminating  its  97.  '  If  you  complain,  you  will  only 

wrath  against  delinquency :  as  Augustus  get  out  of  the  frving-pan  into  the  fire.' 

is  by  Ovid»  Tr.  V.  n.  63.  cf.  Sil.  i.  421.  '  It  is  downnght  madness,  (1)  not  to 

Stat.  S.  V.  iL  102.  umi  yk^  rwg  »Mrmit  leave  yourself  a  farthing  to  pay  for  your 

sM^iwaf  Mi^mmtS^^m  f^ftir    Artemid.  passage  over  the  Styx  :*  iii.  267,  note. 


._Jr.  iL  3.  Lyooph.  p.  194.  (M£.)  A.  or  (2)  *  to  throw  good  money  after  bad, 

[Uvy  zzii,  35,  8.  ED,"]  by  being  at  the  expense  of  a  voyage  to 

93.  CatmiianuM  Capito,  son-in-law  of  Rome,  in  order  to  prosecute  the  delin- 

Tigdliniis  (i.  155.^  and  prefect  of  Cilicia,  quent'  VS,  PR,    There  is  a  French  ex- 

wu  condtmned  for  peculation  and  ex-  pression  to  much  the  same  effect,  *'  II  t$t 

loitioo.  Tae.  A«  zL  6.  liiL  33.  ziv.  48.  m  pauure,  quHl  n*a  pat  ds  quoi  pat»er 

2£ 


210 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  VIII. 


ttJ^ 


Non  idem  gemitus  olim  neque  vulnus  erat  par 
Damnorum,  sociis  florentibus  et  modo  victis* 

100  Plena  domus  tunc  omnis  et  ingens  stabat  acenrus 
Numorum,  Spartana  chlamys,  conchylia  Coa* 
Et  cum  Parrhasiutabulis  signisque  Myronis 
Phidiacum  vivebat  ebur  nee  non  Polycleti 
Msltus  ubique  lador,  rarse  sine  Mentore  mensac. 

105  Inde  Dolabella  est  atque  hinc  Antonius,  inde 


reau,**  GU,  The  meaniog  of  the  line 
corresponds  with  the  £Dii;li»h  proverb; 
*'  Do  not  throw  the  haft  after  ihe  hatchet." 
G. 

98.  Gemilu*:  XcrrtT  yk^  fimkX§9  ri 
ir§Xv  wa^k  ^ar  Aritt.  Kh.  11.  ii.  4. 

Vnlnui'y  Virg.  iE.  xii.  160.  R, '  (hey 
could  better  afford  to  be  deprived  of 
superfluities  then,  than  to  be  stripped  of 
necessaries  now.'  PA. 

99.  '  Only  conquered,  not  plundered.' 
B. 

101.  '  The  Spartan  military  mantle.' 
The  murex  was  found  in  great  abundance 
off  Cape  Tienaro9.  PR,  Plin.  ix.  36  <  60. 
(HA.)  xxi.  8.  XXXV.  6.  Cassiod.  Ep.  vi. 
21.  llor.  11  Od.  xviii,  7.  LU.  BO.  pp. 
64.  85.  R. 

Conchy lia  ;  iii.  81.  PR, 

Cm,  an  island  in  the  yfLgean,  was  also 
famous  for  its  purple.  M.  Hor.  IV  Od. 
xiii.  13.  (317.)  cf.  ii.  65.  vi.  260.  Plin.  v. 
31  « 36.  xi. 22.  23  *  25—27.  {HA.)  lib. 
11.  iii.  53.  iv.29.  (HY.)  BO,  pp.  376  sq. 
R.  note  on  Her.  vii.  99. 

102.  Parrhatim,  who  styled  himself 
king  of  the  painters,  was  a  native  of 
Ephesus,  and  flourished  about  four  cen- 
turies before  the  Christian  era.  The 
anecdote  of  his  successful  competition 
with  Zeuxis  is  well  known.  Plin.  xxxv.  6. 
9  sq.  Zeuxis  liitninum  umbrarumqne  in- 
venitte   rationem,    Parrkasitis   examinaue 

tubtiliui  tineas  traJitur moUiora 

sujrradictis  Mynm  fecit*  diligentia  ae 
decor  in  Potycteto  $upra  ceteros ;  deorum 

tameu  aueloritatem  non  explevit qua 

Potycteto  dffueruut  Phidias  hahuit,  qitan- 
qttam  diit  quam  hominibus  effingendis  me- 
linr  aruftx,  6^c,  Quint,  xii.  10.  PR.  Hor. 
1 V  Od.  viii.  6  sqq.  ( ML)  M.  Paus.  i.  28. 
Ath.  xii.  U.  XV.  10.  Prop.  III.  ix.  12. 
R. 

Myron  t  of  Eleuthore,  among  other 
works  executed  a  bronze  heifer,  which 
was  so  e^qui>ite1y  wrought  as  to  be  often 


mistaken  for  a  real  one.  Auaon.  Ep. 
Iviii— Ixviii.  PR.  Ov.  Pont.  IV.  i.  34. 
M.  Anthol.  Gr,  Ep.  iv.  7.  Plin.  xxxiv.8. 
Paus.  i.  23.  ii.  30.  vi.  2.  8.  13.  ix.  30. 
Petr.  88.  Prop.  II.  xxxi.  7.  Cic.  Verr. 
iv.  3.  43.  60.  R.  He  flourished  about 
440  B.  C. 

103.  Phidias,  of  Athens,  lived  at  the 
same  period,  and  was  patronized  by  Peri- 
cles. His  two  great  works  were  the 
colossal  figures  of  Minerva  in  ihe  Par- 
thenon and  of  Jupiter  Olympius  at  Elit ; 
which  latter  was  reckoned  one  of  the 
seven  wonders  of  the  world.  Antbol.  Gr. 
Ep.  i.  54.  Mart.  III.  xxxv.  Plin.  «ii.  38. 
xxxiv.  3.  8.  xxxvi.  6.  Ivi.  5.  Paus.  i.  2. 
24.  28.  vii.  27.  Ov.  Pont.  IV.  i.  31. 
(H.  BU,)  Cic.  Or. 2.  V.  Max.  iii.  7.  ext. 

4.  R.  PR. 

Vivebai ;  cf.  Theocr.  xv.  83.  Virg.  G. 
iii.  34.  JE.  vi.  848.  Prop.  II.  xxxi.  8. 
111.  ix.  9.  V.  Place,  ii.  465  sq.  (BU.) 
Claud.  B.  Get.  612.  (B.)  R. 

Pfllycteiust  of  Sicyon,  flourished  two 
centuries  later ;  and  was  reckoned  even 
superior  to  Phidias.  His  chef  d'ceuvre 
was  a  statue  of  one  of  the  body-guards  of 
the  Persian  king.  i£l.  V.  H.  ziv.  8. 
Paus.  ii.  17.  20.  22.  24. 27.  iii.  18.  vi.  6. 
13.  viii.  31.  Cic.  Brut.  86.  Plin.  xxzif. 
8  R  PR 
'  10*4.  Labor ;  cf.  V.  Place  i.  149. 
Mart.  IX.  xlv.  iEsch.  P.  757.  {BL.} 
Nicet.  t.  ii.  p.  40.  368.  {BOL)  R. 

Mentor,  a  sculptor,  who  was  famoua 
for  his  skill  in  carving  and  emboaiiQg 
cups.  Plin.  vii.  38.  xxxiii.  11  sq.  1 53  and 
55.  Mart.  III.  xii.  IX.  Ix.  16.  XI.  xii. 

5.  Cic.  Ver.  iv.  18.  (^GRjE.  Efi.)  Prop. 
I.  xiv.  2.  III.  ix.  13. /2. 

105.  Cicero,  speaking  of  the  danger  of 
separating  the  utile  from  the  honettum, 
says  hinc  fur  la,  peculatut,  expitatima 
direptUmeiqun  yodonim  et  civium  natnin" 
tur;  Sfc,  Off.  iii.  9.  B. 

The  c  ri  m  i  n  a  1  s  are  here  put  for  the 


.VIII.  OF  JUVENAL.  211 

Sacrilegus  Verres.     Referebant  navibus  aids 
Occulta  spolia  et  plures  de  pace  triumphos. 
Nunc  sociis  juga  pauca  bourn,  grex  parvus  equarutn, 
£t  pater  armenti  capto  eripiatur  agello ; 
*  lO  Ipsi  deiode  Lares,  si  quod  spectabile  signum, 

Si  quis  in  aedicula  Deus  unicus.     Haec  etenim  sunt 
Pro  summis :  nam  sunt  haec  maxima.     Despicias  tu 
Forsitan  imbelles  Rhodios  unctamque  Corinthon : 
Despicias  merito.    Quid  resinata  juventus 
U5  Cruraque  totius  facient  tibi  levia  gentis? 

erimet.  In  like  manner  C«/<eno is  ased,  107.  The  last  syllable  of  occulta  is 

130.    »M  Clotko  §t  Laehetit',   ix.  135.  made  long  before  the  two  cooionants ;  as 

R,  in  fertt  cili  firrum,  date  tela,  tcandite 

Dtlmbclla  :   there  were  three  depreda-  tnurot ;    Virg.  M,  ix.  37.    PR.     They 

tore  of  tbb  name;  (1)  Cn.Cam.  Uotubella,  called  them  *  spoils/  and  yet  dared  not 

eanmlmru  at  triumf^lU  vir,  impeached  show  them.  Gii.  M. 

by  Caaar  for  extortion,  as  proconsul  of  '  More    plunder  from   peaceful   pro- 

Macedonia,  bat  acquitted.  Suet.  Css.  4.  vinces,  than  others  from  hostile  countnes.' 

Cic.  PSa.  19.  Bmt.  92.  (2)  Cn,  DolabeUa  GR,     ignaiiuimi  hamineg  per  sumrmim 

FxKtor  of  Cilicia,  accused  by  M.  Scau-  scelut  omnia  ex  sociis  adimere,  queefartii' 

nif,  and  found  guilty  of  a  like  offence,  stmt  viri    vietores    kottibus   reliquerunt ; 

Cic.  Ver.  i.  4. 15--17. 37  sq.  ( ER.)  and  Sail.  B.  C.  12. 

(3)  P.  Com.  Dotabeila,  Cicero's  son-in-  108.  Sii.  iii.  463.  Virg.  iE.  i.  185.  R. 

law  and  governor  of  Syria,  of  whom  his  109.  So  that  there  is  no  longer  a  pos* 

fitber-in-law  speaks  thus :  rum  hoc  hotte  sibility  of  making  eood  their  losses.  GR. 

heUmndum  §»i,  cujus  tetnrima  erudeUtate  HI.  '  In  a  niche.'  R,     The  integrity 

•mis  bmrbarim  superata  eU,   quid  loquar  of  the  following  lines  is  doubted. 

de rteia  avium  Romanorum?  de  direp-  112.  "  Mean  spoils  indeed  !  but  such 

t%on9  fa  n  o  r  mn  1  qui*  est,  qui  pro  rerum  were  now  their  best."  G.  Summis  is  used 

etneiimU  dfplarare  tantas  calamitates  que-  absolutely,  maxima  relatively, 

et?  et  nume  Ma  Atiavagatur,  volitat  113.  *  You  may  not  be  very  wrong 

nt  rcxi    noi  alio  bello  distineri  putat;  in  your  notion,  that  the  Greeks,  being 

PhiL  zL  2.  cf.  Dio  xlii.  29.  zlvii.  29.  R.  so  effeminate,  may  be  plundered  with 

C  AmUmiui,  proconsul  of  Achaia,  was  impunity.' 

kmad  gailty  of  extortion  and  treason  and  Khodies  ;  vi.  296.  Strab.  xir.  Plin.  v. 

tipatlel  from  the  senate;    he  was  re-  31  s  36.  Find.  01.  vii.  Gell.  vii.  3.  Plut. 

stored  by  the  next  censors,  and  became  Op.  t.  ii.  p.  525.  b.  Ath.  xiii.  2.  PR,  R, 

Ciecre't    colleague  in  the    consulship.  Uncta  Tarentus ;  Sidon.  ▼.  430.  mollis ; 

Cie.  CoL  31.  Vat  11.  Sail.  B.  C.  21.  Hor.  II  S.  iv.  34.  cf.  Sil.  xii.  18.  (DR.) 

Ik.  iv. 

106L  C.  Verr§t,  prctor  of  Sicily,  im-  Corinth   was  a  city,  which,  from  its 

peached  by  Cicero,  and  condemned  for  commercial    advantages,   acquired    im- 

eitortioa.  Act.  II.  i?.  R.    Sicutijam  ne  mense  wealth,  and  subsequently  became 

Dtet  fuidcM  M  iwif  urbibns,  ad  quos  cori-  notorious  for  every  species  of  luxury  and 

figimni  kabenti    quod  eorum  simulacra  debauchery,    cf.   Hor.  I  £p.  xvii.  36. 

fsacfiMMM  C.  Verres  ex  delubris  religions-  Gell.  i.  6.  Mart.  X.  Ixv.  £,  Ad.  IV.  iv. 

iiaMf  tmstuUu    It  is  satisfactory  to  find  68.  R. 

&at  at  last  he  fell  a  sacrifice  to  the  same  114.  Retina  omnis  oleo  dissolviiur,  aut 

detestable  rapacity  for  which  he  is  here  ereta,  pudetque  conjiteri,  maximam  jam 

stigmatiied  ;    being  proscribed  by   M.  honorem  ejus  esse  in  evellendis  ab  virorum 

Antony,  who  took  a  ftincy  to  his  Sicilian  eorporibus  pilis ;  Plin.  xir.  20.  PR, 

mitiei,  and  coald  not  obtain  them  by  115.  Levia  opposed  to  herrida.  cf.  ii. 

(fit  meana.  G.  11  sq.  R, 


/ 


1 


212  THE  SATIRES  sat.  viii. 

Horrida  vitanda  est  Hispania,  Gallicus  axis, 
lUyricumque  latus :  parce  et  messoribus  illis, 
Qui  saturant  urbem  Circo  scenseque  yacantein. 
Quanta  autem  inde  feres  tarn  dine  pnemia  colpie^ 

120  Quum  tenues  nuper  Marius  discinxerit  Afros?         ' 
Curandum  in  primis,  ne  magna  injuria  fiat 
Fortibus  et  miseris.    ToUas  licet  omne,  quod  usquam  est 
Auri  atque  argenti;  scutum  gladiumque  relinques 
Et  jacula  et  galeam :  spoliatis  anna  supersunt. 

125  Quod  modo  proposui,  non  est  sententia :  yenim 
Credite  me  yobis  folium  recitare  Sibyllse. 
Si  tibi  sancta  cohors  comitum,  u  nemo  tribunal 
Vendit  Acersecomes,  A  nullum  in  conjuge  crimen 


116.  '  You  must  beware  of  meddling  122.  Compare  with  emaaqnod 
with.'  F&  nt  muti  atqu€  argmU,  wTri  mfrt  XV^ 

GaUieut  ajcit  '  the  clime  of  Gaul :'  Ix^-^i*  Un  §l9if  §Sri  J^fyif^r  Her. ▼.48. 

either  because  it  was  nearer  the  pole  than  124.  [Uvy  xzyiii,  34,  8.  ED,] 

Rome,  or  because  the  natives  fought  from  125.  '  Is  not  a  random  sentiment  ef 

chariots.  LU,  Cass.  B.  G.  i.  51.  R.  mine  :  or  merely  a  sententioiis  plunue.' 

117.  lUyria  was  a  tract  of  land  (in-  VS.  M. 

eluding  the  modern  Dalmatia  and  Sda-  126.  The  Cumssan  Sibyl  wrote  bcr 

Tonia)  extending  along  the  eastern  shores  predictions  on  palm  leases.  FA.  iii.  S» 

of  the  Adriatic.    The  ferocity  of  its  in*  yii  101.  cf.  Virg.  ^.  iii.  44o.  ▼!•  74  eq* 

habitants  may  be  learnt  from  Flor.  ii.  6.  PR,ii.  554.  Plin.ziii.  1 1.  (HJ.)  Jkce  ilm 

13.  PR.  Ot.  Her.  xii,  27.  (H.)  Liv.  z.  non  hominem,  $ed  autreus  ertdM  Pelo^gat 

2.  zl.  42.  zlii.  26.  xliv.  27.  K.  dicere ;  Ot.  A.  A.  li.  541.  R. 

These  'reapers'  are  the    natives  of  127.  The  cuA^yriooeiihMi  were  the  pcr- 

Africa,  VS.  from  which  Rome  derived  sons  composing  the  govemor't  staff  mad 

its  principal  supply  of  com.   Plin.  v.  4.  suite. 

PR.    Thus  moMT  Arabt\   Mart.  III.  3Vi6iuui/*yoQrdacisioosasmagistnile»' 

Izv.  5.  R.  FA. 

118.  Mantis  mmvr#ma/u«runtmtA«atr0  128.  'A  faTourite  boy  with  locikt 
€t  circo,  quam  in  tegetibus  ac  vinetis:  frw  unshorn*  in  imitation  of  Apollo  or  Bac- 
niMCum  \ocamu%,  fui  no&M  adv^^aX,  qui  chos.  <k  nu^tn  si^et.)  FH.  Piad.  P.  iii* 
Mttirt  famuli  ex  AJHea  et  Sardinia ;  26. 

Varr.  R.  R.  GR.  Conjuge.   The  avarice  and  faptd^  of 

This  is  a  satirical  periphrasis  for  Rome,  the  women  who  followed  their  baabaada 

cf.  z.  80  sq.  L(7.  in.  223.  PR.  xi.  53.  to  their  governments,  had  long  era  this 

plebi  tordida  et  circo  ac  theatrii  uuta ;  become  a  serious  subject  of  complaiat. 

Tac.  H.  i.  4.  R.  Before  the  time  of  Auguatus,  the  wooMa 

Vaeantem  ludo ;   Rutil.  Itin.  i.  377.  rarely,  if  ever,  went  abroad  :  that  uzori- 

{WE.)  R.  ous  emperor  took  Ldvia  with  him  ia  most 

120.  Cf.  i.  47  sqq.  LC/^.  and  v.  95.  R.  of  his  expeditions,  and  his  example  leema 

The  Africans  wore  little  more  than  to  have  had  a  pernicious  effect;  foriatba 

girdles :  and  in  girdles  money  used  to  be  succeeding  reign,  the  custom  was  growa 

carried  :  xiv.  2P7.    The  poet,  in  using  so  common,  and  so  oppressive  to  the  pn>- 

this  verb,  alludes  to  the  epithet  di$cincti  vinces,  that  Severus  C«cina   made  a 

applied  to  the  Africans  by  Virgil ;  X.  motion  in  the  senate,  ne  quern  mogiOrm' 

viiu  724.  GB.  cf.  Sil.  ii.  56.  vii.  153.  turn,  eui  provincia  obvemttet,  uxor  com- 

viii.  34.  and  ER,  CI.  Cic.  R.  vii.  149.  x.  taretur.  Tacitus  observes,  that  the  senate 

148.  PR,  [Livy  zzvii,  13,  j.  ED.]  did  not  meet  the  question  fairly  ;  oat  of 


SAT.  Tiiu  OF  JUVENAL.  218 

Nee  per  CGnventus  et  cuncta  per  oppida  curvis 
190  UDguibuB  ire  parat  nuznos  raptura  Cel»no : 
Tunc  licet  a  Pico  numeres  genus,  altaque  si  te 
Nomina  delectant,  omnem  Utanida  pugnam 
Inter  majores  ipsumque  Promethea  ponas : 
De  quocumque  voles  proavum  tibi  sumito  libro. 
^95  Quod  si  prascipitem  rapit  ambitio  atque  libido, 
Si  frangis  yiigas  sociorum  in  sanguine,  si  te 
Delectant  hebetes  lasso  lictore  secures; 
Incipit  ipeorum  contra  te  stare  parentum 
Nobilitas  daramque  facem  prseferre  pudendis. 


^OBpfimcnt,  perfatptt  to  Dratns,  who  181.  '  Then  yon  are  welcome  to  boast 

^IHWwd  it;  and  who,  instead  of  answer-  of  year  nobility,' 

ing  Cacina's  objeedons,  had  recourse  to  Pieus  a  king  of  the  Aborigines.    The 

Mhemrgumntum  ad  homintmi  "  &  quo*  line  ran  thus:    Saturn,  Picus,  Faunus, 

^mg  im  lUyrieum  prafwdum ;  Hnita  am*  Latin  us,   Lavinia  the   wife  of  ^oeas. 

WmsI,  «lMf  ad  gmtn  ttumm,  haud  umper  Viff^.  JE,  vii.  48. 187  sqq.  {HY,)  Dionys. 

f  ■■  ammo,  M  ab  nxon  earutima  divolU*  H.  i.  PR,  R. 

ratmri'*  An.  hi.  34.    As  the  proconsuls  '  You  reckon.'  ^f^fin^M  T  it^fkvhrm 

cwald  aot  be  prereoted  from  taking  their  U  Uxa*»*  *Hf««X««*  Theoc.  xvii.  27.  R» 

Willi  with  them,  it  seemed  but  just  that  Aua;  vi.  385.  R,  magna  ;   Ot.  lAr, 

tkajakoiild  be  answerable  for  their  pe-  Aug.  313.  ingentia;  Stat  Mart,  c/ora; 

'  ~'        &e.;    and  this  principle  was  Sen.  tanta;  Albinov.  LC7. 

by  the  senate:  jfrofieitei  autom  132.  THtanida  pugnam,  a  periphrasis 

t  Msltitt  aU  niM  lurort;  ad  et  for  '  the  Titans.'    The  patronymic  is  put 

)patia,dummodo9eiat,Hnatum,  for  the  possessive,  or  tne  genitive  case. 

CittAil  Miisssitt  Gail,  emuuitm  futurum,  LU,  Their  battle  against  the  gods  is  well 

«<  m  foid  uxtn$  aorum,  pti  ad  ofieia  known.    Ov.  M,  i.    PR,    Virg.  G.  i. 

JH^iacnnlni,  dtliquannt,  ah  ipm  ratio  §t  279  sqq. 

mmdkim  cvMgliir.  d.  ib,  33.  (LL)   R.  136.  Citizens  or  allies,   when  con- 

LU,  Mftrt.  II.  ISL  PR.    That  the  wife  demoed,  were  first  scourged   by  *  the 

of  ihtfovnor^d  sometimes  interfere  in  rods*  of  the  lictors  and  afterwards  be- 

their  jadkiftl  proceedings  is  evident  from  headed.  VS,  268.  R. 

8C  M atlh.  zzfii.  19.  137.  '  Blunted  by  constant  use.'  VS. 

139.  Ctmwa$awt '  the  dtka  where  courts  xiv.  18  sqq.  R. 

man  hdd.'  ER.    The  custom  of  Judges  138.  '  Rises  up  in  judgment  against 

fMBg  tlw  dreoiC  ia  Ter?  ancient.  I  Sun.  you.'  M. 

m  15—17.  ML  139.  Cf.  Cic.  ad  Her.  iv.  47.  oratiaaa 

I9fk  Cdttmo,  one  of  the  Harpies,  the  majora  him  oxtoUunt ;  oarum  fortia  fieta 

daaff klMB  of  ZtphyrM.    Her  sisters  were  mtmarando  elariaret   mm   putant :   quod 

AcDOa  O^p0lt»  and  Podarge.  Virg.  JE,  contra  e$t :  nam  quanta  vita  illorum  pm* 

iiia  211  m^sy  (HIT.)  LU*  ct  105.  note,  elarior,  tanto  kortun  meordia  Jtagitianar : 

Avaridooa  nod  unnst  magistrates  are  otprtfietoitamrnhabiti  mqforum  gloria 

that  detdibed  as  Barpyiatf  quorum  do-  pottorii  lumon  est ;  naque  bona  ueque  maU 

ampku9  ungmihu  orhis,  qua  pedo  glutUmo,  eorum  in  oeeuUo  patiliir ;   Sail.  B.  J .  85. 

fwri  lil^irsrii  twmkuMt ;    Itin.  i.  609  sq.  (To  this  passage,  perhaps,  Juvenal  was 

4  Xm^mXaU,  k  sr«XA«^  Hh  tLm  Imrfm-  indebted.)  Id.  B.  C.  51.     "  The  sins 

XeiMMi.  ekm  ^mwu*  U  rm  Mxtfv,  4xxA  the  great  do,  people  view  through  optics 

m^j^jmam    ««iv«;(«#iff    mai    Xmiru^a  Which  show  them  ten  times  more  than 

s.  r.  X.  Lnc  Tosar.  14.  ii.    From  the  common  vices,  And  sometimes  multiply 

rnnlait  it  would  seem  to  denote  either  them :"  Beaum.  and  Fletch.  Thier.  and 

thtwiltorthtiiisticM.  Theod.  G.  R.  VS. 


214  THE  SATIRES  sat.  viii. 

140  Omne  ahimi  vitium  tanto  conspectius  in  se 

Crimen  habet,  quanto  major,  qui  peccat,  habetur. 
Quo  mihi  te  solitum  falsas  signare  tabellas 
In  templis,  quae  fecit  avus,  statuamque  parentis 
Ante  triumphalem  ?  quo,  si  noctumus  adulter 

145  Tempora  Santonico  velas  adoperta  cucullo? 
Prseter  majorum  cineres  atque  ossa  volucri 
Carpento  rapitur  pinguis  Damasippus  et  ipse, 
Ipse  rotam  adstringit  multo  sufflamine  Consul : 
Noete  quidem ;  sed  luna  yidet,  sed  sidera  testes 

150  Intendunt  oculos.     Finitum  tempus  honoris 
Quum  fuerit,  clara  Damasippus  luce  ilagellum 
Sumet  et  occursum  numquam  trepidabit  amici 
Jam  senis  ac  virga  prior  adnuet  atque  maniplos 
Solvet  et  infundet  jumentis  hordea  lassis. 

155  Interea,  dum  lanatas  torvumque  juvencum 


140.  Quanto  splendorit  honore  eeltior  146.  '  Along  the  Latian  or  FlaminiaD 
quUque  eit\    tanto   ii   delitiquit  peccaio  way ;' i.  171.  F£. 

major  ett ;  Isid.  L(7.  The  fashion  of  charioteering  was  intro- 

Pravitates  animi  vitia  recte  dicuntur ;  duced  in  compliment  to  Nero.  FE, 

Cic.  Par.  3.  PR.  147.  Carpentum  was  properly  a  lady's 

Compeetiut.    Suet.  Claud.  4.   (£K.)  carriage.  F£.  i.  65,  note. 

R.  [Livy  xxvii,  31,6.  ED.'}  Damaiippm^  another  form  of  the  mora 

141.  "A  sharp  judgment  shall  be  to  ordinary  Greek  word  iw^ihifus,  may  be 
them  that  be  in  hi^h  places.  For  mercy  a  Hctitious  name.  i.  59  yqq.  notes;  bat  it 
will  soon  pardon  the  meanest:  but  mighty  was  also  a  family  name  of  the  Licinian 
men  shall  be  mightily  tormented;"  Wis-  clan.  V.  Pat.  ii.  26.  Cic.  ad  Dit.  ix.  21. 
doro,  vi.  5  sq.  PR.  vii.  23.  Att.  xii.  29,  33.  Hor.  II  S.  ni. 

142.  Quo;  9.  R.   Understand  >cta«.  R.  PA.  96,  note. 

LU,    These  four  lines  appear  to  be  mis-  148.  '  With  the  frequent  drag-chuo.' 

placed.  G.  Might  they  not  follow  v.  18 1  VS.  Thut  was  a  slave's  bntineis.  M. 

*  Wills*  were  deposited,  for  security,  in  1 49.  yi.  311.  R. 

the  temples,  xiv.  260.  Tac.  An.  i.  8.  R.  Tettes ;  iii.  49.  xiii.  75.  M, 

They  were  also  signed  there  for  greater  150.  '  Strain  their  eyes.' 

solemnity.  BRI.  *  When  he  has  abdicated  the  consiil- 

143.  An   aggravation   of  the  crime,  ship.'  LU. 

cf.  11.  R.  152.  Trepidare,  after  the  Greek  idiom, 

144.  Job  xxiv.  15 — 17.  M.  is  followed  by  an  accusative:  x.  21.  as 

145.  *  Of  Sainton^e,'  in  Aquitain,  be-  tremere  is,  Sil.  ii.  53.  V.  Flac.  ▼.  520. 
tween  the  Loire  and  the  Garonne,  cf.  {BU.)  and  harrere.  R. 

xvi.  13.  GaUia  Santonico  vest  it  te  bardo'  153.  Adnuet;  iii.  318.  M.  By  way  of 

cucullo;  Mart.  XlX.cxxviii.  1.  I.  liv.  5.  salute.  LU. 

PR.  R.  FE.  '  The  trusses  of  hay.'  M. 

Velaindoperta;  Virg.  ^.  iii.  405.  As  to  154.  TmV  vw»l^vymt  IftfirnXuf  v»v  x^' 

the  practice  it«elf,  see  Hor.  IIS.  vii.  55  tm*  Theoph.  Ch.  iv.  R. 

sqq.  Plin.  Kp.  iii.  12.  Prop.  II.  xxix.  12.  In  Italy  they  fed  their  horses  with 

(JU.)  R.  *  barley'  and  not  with  oats.  GR. 

*  A  cowl ;'  M.  vi.  1 18.  R.  Mart.  V.  155.  UnderfUnd  ovei.  LU.  In  this 
xiv.  PR,  passage,  and  in  xii.  5.  our  author  seems 


SAT.  VIII.  OF  JUVENAL.  215 

More  Numas  caedit  Jovis  ante  altaria,  jurat 
Solam  Eponain  et  facies  olida  ad  praesepia  pictas. 
Sed  quum  pervigiles  placet  instaurare  popinas; 
Obvius  adsiduo  SyrophGenix  udus  amomo 
^^O  Currit,  Idumseas  Syrophoenix  incola  portse, 

Hospitis  affisctu  Dominum  Regemque  salutat 
Et  cum  venali  Cyane  succincta  lagena. 

Defensor  culpse  dicet  mihi  <<  Fecimus  et  nos 
Haec  juvenes."     Esto.     Desisti  nempe  nee  ultra 
Fovisti  errorem.     Breve  sit,  quod  turpiter  audes. 
Quasdam  cum  prima  resecentur  crimina  barba. 
Indulge  yeniam  pueris.     Damasippus  ad  illos 
Thermanim  calices  inscriptaque  lintea  vadit, 

^2j!^ve  had  before  his  eyes  Virg>  i£.  ix.  K  d  o  m  was  to  the  south  of  the  Holy 

^^.  PTH.  Land.  PR.  This  sate  was  near  the  arch 

1(i6. '  Of  Numa*  i.  «.  '  after  the  an-  of  Titus.  CAL.  ACH. 

^tot  rites.'  iii.  12. 138.  PR.  R.    Per-        161.  "  The  host  With  many  a  cour- 

^ps  this  may  be  a  sarcastic  reflection  on  teous  phrase  his  entrance  greets,  And 

^loa.asbeing  influenced  more  by  policy  many  a  smile."  G.     Cum  te  non  nouem, 

^D  by  real  religion :  quum  alios  jfalUret,  dominum  regemque  vocabam-,  Mart.1. 

fiptumnoHfefeUiti  L^ct.  I  22.  ACH.  cxiii.  1.  PR.    IV.  Izzziv.  5.  X.  x.  5. 

*  He  swears'  i.  r.  inwardly,  i?.  GR. 

167.  In   medio  ttabulo   Kpome  simu-         162.  *  The  hostess/   VS.   *  with  her 
ieermm  ;  Apul.  M.  iii.  p.  97.  PR.     This  clothes  tucked  up  to  facilitate  her  move- 
goddess  was  the  patroness  of  grooms.  VS,  roents.'  LU,  succinctus  cursitat  hospes; 
Wionc.  Oct.  26.  Tertnll.  Ap.  16.  (HV,)  Hor.  II  S.  vi.  107.  M.  cf.  iv.  24.  R. 
Pnd.  Apoth.  265.  Irr)  ^t   itis  *Ew^        165.  *  To  err  is  human,  but  to  persist 
Wfemmw  wetewfdwn  Wrmt'  Plut.  Par.  mio.  in  error  is  gross  folly.'  BRI. 
SS.K.Tbe  accusative  case  is  put  after Juro,         166.  On  beard  »,  see  iv.  103.   Pers. 
uitisafter  ^fiyM  in  Greek.  Herodian  ii.  iv.  1.  PR,  also  vi.  105.  R.  and  iii.  186. 
10.  Tbcoc.  xzx.  22sqq.Tib.  IV.  xiii.  15.         168.    In   these    bagnios   they  drank 
(BIl.  ffy.)  R.     The  passage  may  be  mulled  wine,  while  bathing,  to  excite 
nsiuted  from  Aristoph.  O.  m^  t«v  n«n4)«  perspiration ;  and,  after  coming  out  of  the 
«wr«)  vw  7««Mf !  I.fthf^eiyi  revretfin-  oath,  they  often  stayed  and  drank  hard. 
^jinr  wUlwwt&r  Nub.  84  sq.  hi.  M,  LU.  frangemhs  ealices,  effundendum- 

168.  *  Open  all  night  long  ;'  BRI.  iii.  que  Falernum,  elamabat,  biberet,  qui  modo 
276.  or  '  strangers  to  sleep;'  zv.  43.  R,  lotus  eques :    a  sene  sed  poslquam  uumi 

'  To  repeat  bis  visits.' GR.  Suet  Ner.  venere  treeenti,  sobrius  a  thermit  nescit 

2fi.  R,  abire  domum',  Epigr.  XII.  Izxi.  Quint. 

159.  «  The  SyropboBnician  ^rfumer.'  i.  6.  Sen.  £p.  122.  GR.  cf.  vii.  233.  PR. 

PL     Ancient    Syria   was  divided  into  Or  *  eating-houses'  may  be  meant,  VS. 

tkree  perls  ;  "Sw^Sm  SmM^  (^mm««,  ITa-  where  hot  victuals  were  sold  :  zi.  4.  81. 

A«ivrmi.  It  produced  the  finest  unguents.  VL.    Plant.  Trin.  IV.  iii.  6sqq.  11  sqq. 

Ov.  A.  A.  i.  76.  R.  R. 


I ;  Diosc.  i.  14.  Plin.  zii.  13.         What  the  inscripta  lintea  were  is  un* 

xvi.  32.  Ov.  Her.  xv.  76.  (//.)  R.  iv.  certain;    (I)  '  curtains,  with  rings,  to 

108,  note.  PR,  draw  and  undraw,'G  R.  *  and  embroidered 

160.  Idstmita  is  here  put  for  Judaa,  with  needle-work  ;'  ix.  105.  CAS.  Mart. 

'11»  Jewish    gate'  at   Rome   is  that  I.xxxv.  5sq.RM.  XI.  zlvi.R.  or 'having 

ikioQgb  which  Vespasian  and  Titos  en-  painted  on  them  what  was  for  sale  within.* 

tered  the  city  in  their  triumph,  after  their  FA.    Or  (2)  *  towels.'  cf.  Cat.  zxv.  7. 

neioriee  in  Phlettine.  LU.    The  land  of  CAL. 


216 


THE  SATIRES 


8AT.  Till. 


M aturus  bello,  Armeniae  Syriaeque  tuendis 
170  Amnibus  et  Rheno  atque  Istro.     Prsestare  Neronem 
Securum  valet  hsec  setas.     Mitte  Ostia,  Caesar, 
Mitte ;  sed  in  magna  legatum  quaere  popina. 
Invenies  aliquo  cum  percussore  jacentem, 
Permixtum  nautis  et  furibus  ac  fiigitiyisi 
175  Inter  camifices  et  fabros  sandapilarum 
Et  resupinati  cessantia  tympana  Galli. 
iEqua  ibi  libertas,  communia  pocula,  lectus 
Non  alius  cuiquam  nee  mensa  remotior  ulli. 
Quid  facias  talem  sortitus,  Pontice,  servum  ? 
180  Nempe  in  Lucanos  aut  Tusca  eigastula  mittas. 
At  vos,  Trojugenae,  vobb  ignoscitis,  et,  quae 
Turpia  cerdoni,  Volesos  Brutumque  decebunt. 


169.  The  Euphratei  and  the  Orontet. 
LU. 

Armenia ;  Turcomania  and  Aladulia. 
PR. 

170.  '  The  riTers*  form  a  oatural  line 
of  demarcatioD  aod  defence.  PA.  The 
Rhine  and  the  Danube  (Plin.  iv.  12. 
Cell.  z.  7.  PA.)  constituted  the  Euro- 
pean boundary  of  the  empire,  as  the 
other  rivers  did  the  A  s  i  a  t  i  c.  51,  note. 
A. 

By '  Nero'  may  be  meant  any  emperor, 
perhaps  Domitian  ;  iv.  38.  lV. 

171.  Ancus  Martins  built  the  town  of 
Ostia  at  the  mouth  of  the  Tiber.  M, 

(1)  *  Despatch  your  legions  for  em- 
barkation.' 6.  (2)  «  Send  your  lieu- 
tenant-general to  take  the  command  of 
the  troops  there  assembled.'  PA.  or  (3) 
'  Send  to  the  months  of  those  rivers.'  A. 
[But  did  the  Romans  send  to  the  mouths 
of  the  rivers  above  mentioned  t  and  were 
the  mouths  the  points  to  be  most  guarded  ?] 
Where  the  port  of  Ostia  is  meant,  the 
poets  either  added  the  epithet  Tiberiuat  or 
made  the  noun  singular  and  of  the  first 
declension.  ACH, 

173.  •  With  some  cut-throat.'  M.  erai 
in  prweima  eivitattjuvenit  natalibut  prc- 
fio6f7u,  ted  luxuries  popinalis,  tcorti*  et 
diumit  patationibut  exereitatus  atque  ob  id 
Jaetumibut  latronum  male  $ociatut ;  neenon 
etiam  manut  injectut  humano  cruere ; 
Apul.  M.  viii.  p.  201,  13.  A. 

175.  Carnijicet;  vi.  480.  A. 

'  The  coffin-makers,'  who  figure  in  this 
worshipful  society,  were  peopte  who  fur- 


nished the  biert,  or  ratiier  band-barrowt. 
on  which  the  bodies  of  such  as  were 
killed  in  the  bloody  sports  of  the  amphi- 
theatre, were  removed  to  the  plaoe  of 
interment.  G.  VS,  eadater  ffue  papiUari 
tandapila  per  vetpiUonee  eipertatum ;  Siet. 
Dom.  17.  PA. 

176.  '  Stretched  upon  his  back'  and, 
perhaps,  dead  drunk.  H«  VS,  iiL  118. 
vi.  126.  A.  cf.  vi.  612  sqq.  Pen.  v.  186. 
PA 

177.  <  ItU  liberty  hall  there!' 

178.  They  were  all  •«  Hail  Mloir  1  mA\ 
met !"  M. 

180.  '  Off  to  your  estate  in  Lveasia, 
to  be  kept  to  hard  labour.'  PA.  ef.  zrr* 
24.  A. 

In  the  Tuscan  houses  of  corrcetiiNi 
(Pers.  vi.  150.)  they  were  compelM  ta 
work  in  chains :  tenat  miifiMsriB  ramptde 
Tkuteui  ager  ;  Mart.  IX.  xxiii.  PA. 

181.  'nvfvgenet;  56.  i.  100.  Jt. 

182.  Cf.  iv.  13  sq.  R.  There  ia  an 
English  proverb  whicn  says,  '*  Some  man 
may  sooner  steal  a  horse,  than  othcra 
look  into  a  stable." 

Cerdoni ;  iv.  153.  in.  294.  B.  Pen.  ir. 
51.  PA. 

The  Vok^i  were  sprung  from  ona  of 
the  three  noble  Sabines  who  settled  at 
Rome  with  king  Tatius  in  the  raiga  of 
Romulus.  Dionys.  H.  ii.  46.  PA. 
The  nsme  was  afterwards  changed 
to  Valerius.  Liv.  i.  58.  ii.  90. 
A. 

The  Junii  were  a  very  ancient  pa- 
tridan  clan.  A. 


.Tin.  OF  JUVENAL.  217 

Quid,  si  numquam  adeo  foedis  adeoque  pudendis 
Utimur  exemplis,  ut  non  pejora  supersint  ? 
Consumtis  opibus  vocem,  Damasippe,  locasti 
Sipario^  clamosum  ageres  ut  Phasma  CatuUi. 
Laureolum  yelox  etiam  bene  Lentulus  egit, 
Judice  me  dignus  vera  cruee.     Nee  tamen  ipsi 
Ignoscas  populo;  populi  frons  durior  hujus, 
^^€  Qui  sedet  et  spectat  triscurria  patriciorum, 
Planipedes  audit  Fabios,  ridere  potest  qui 
Mamercorum  alapas.     Quanti  sua  funera  vendant, 
Quid  refert?  Vendunt  nullo  cogente  Nerone, 

185.  Loeaui;  cf.  vi.  380.  Tiii.  192  sqq.  periors :   a  momentouB  truth » that  seema 

186.  Siparium  wai  probably  '  tbe  cur-  to  have  escaped  the  observation  of  many 
tiia  or  drop-Mene  in  comedy/  as  au-  princes  and  many  people  of  modem  as 
'cm  was  that  of  t  r  a  g  e  d  v.  Donat.  on  well  as  of  ancient  times.  G. 

Tcr.  PR.  ApaL  M.  i.  p.  106.  x.  p.  253.        190.  <  The  gross  buffooneries.'    The 

Sea.  dt  Tr.  11.  J2.    It  is  here  put  for  particle  r^2f  has  an  intensive  force,  as  in 

'  the  manager.'  r^i«/*lyirr«f .  LU. 

'  Tbe  Spectra' was  a  translation  from         191.  Planipedes  quod  planii  ptdihut, 

the  GfedL :  idtm  Mtnandri  Phasma  nunc  id  tst  nudii  in  proscenium  introirent,  lum, 

wiptr  d^dH ;  Ter.  £un.  pr.  9.  PR.  ut  tragiei  aetores  cum  coihumis,  neque  ut 

Q.  LMtmiiuM  Catulua  or  Catullus,  VS,  eomiei  cum  soeeisi  sive  quod  olim  non  in 

xm.  111.  Cell.  zix.  9.  Mart.  V.  zzzi.  3.  suggestu  seena,  sed  in  ptam  orehostra 

JL  not  C  VaUriuM  CatuUus  the  poet  of  positis  instrumentis    mimicis   aetitarent ; 

Vtrooa.  PEm  Diomed.  de  Poem.  Gen.  iii.  p.  487.  JS. 

187*  Lmmrtohu  (S^aei,  Cal.  57.  Joseph,  note  on  i.  3.  excaleeati ;  Sen.  Ep.  8.  R. 

halL  zix.  1.)  was  a  principal  character  in  Barefooted  jack-puddings,  who,  smeared 

aMMeoompoaed  by  Catullus, (Tert.odp.  with  soot  and  oil.  and  dressed  in  goat- 

VaL  14.)  or  Laberios,  or  Nsevius.  Macr.  skins,  capered  about  the  stage,  in  the 

IL  7.  GelU  iii.  S.viii.  ]3sq.  xvii.  14.  PR.  intervals  of  the  play,  for  the  entertain- 

For  n  bttllet  it  must  have  been  horrible  ment  of  the  rabble.  G. 
tiwigb  in  all  conscience,  since  the  hero,        192.  Mamereus  was  a  name  of  the 

a  emptain  of  banditti,  was  not  only  cm-  ^milian  clan ;  which  claimed  descent 

dfiod,  Iwt  set  upon  by  wild  beasts  while  from  Numa.  Plut.  PR.  Plin.  zzzvi.  11. 

ii  tiMt  dmdful  situation.  VS.    Juvenal  DO. 

■igbt  Iwve  taken  the  hint  of  recommend-        Alapas;  v.  171.  Mart.  II.  Izzii.  V. 

iig  Lentulus  to  a  real  cross,  from  what  Ixii.  1 1.  R.  Tertull.  de  Sp.  Cypr.  FA, 
Wppened  at  Rome  in  his  own  time :  for        *  They  hire  themselves  out  as  gladi- 

Mutial  tolls  ua  that  this  drama  was  per-  ators.'   vi.  379,  note,     nunc  caput  in 

fiRBod  to  the  life  in  the  amphitheatre  for  mortem  vendunt  et  funus  arena ;  Maoil. 

tha  nmoaement  of  this  detestable  people ;  iv.  R.  [Livy  xxviii,  21 ,  h.  ED.] 
the  port  of  Lanreolus  being  611ed  by  a         193.  In  amphitheatro  exhibuit  ad  fer- 

ml  Bolefisctor:  G.  nuda  CaUdonio  it'c  rum^quadringentotsenatoresi  seseentosque 

ykctrm  fT^AuU  urse,  non  falsa  pendens  in  equites  Romanos,  et  quosdamfortuna:  atque 

cracf  Lmmnwluu  vhAamt  laetri  membris  existimationis  integrte  ex  iisdem  ordiuibus, 

aifl— Ii6iif    ariMM,  inque  omni  nusquam  eonfectoresque  ferarum  et  varia    arena 

emrpMsermti  Sp.  7.  PA.  ministeria;  Suet.  Ner.  12.  FA.   (ft  The 


'  ligbt  of  heel.'  cf.  ziii.  111.  A.  numbers  probably  should  be  forty  and 

Lmtuba;  v.  127,  note.  vi.  80.  R.  sixty.  LI.)  Tac.  A.  zv.  32  sqq.  PR. 

189.  Then  b  much  good  sense  in  Id.  H.  ii.  71.  cf.  zi.  5.  R,  To  do  lustico 

^  remark ;  since  nothing  is  more  oer-  to  this  worthy  prince,  it  should  be  ob- 

tna  than  that  tbe  people  are  degraded  in  served  that  he  merely  perfected  the  system 

tke  voluntary  degradation  of  their  su-  which  was  struck  out  by  his  predecessors. 

2f 


218 


THE  SATIRES 


8AT.  VIII. 


f  Nec  dubitant  celsi  praetoris  vendere  ludi8.f 
195  Finge  tamen  gladios  indc  atque  hinc  pulpita  pone : 
Quid  satius  ?  Mortem  sic  quisquam  exhomiit,  ut  sit 
Zelotypus  Thymeles,  stupidi  coUega  Corinthi  ? 
Res  liaud  mira  tamen,  citharcedo  Principe,  mimus 
Nobilis.     Usee  ultra,  quid  erit  nisi  ludus  ?  Et  illud 


Cscsar  appears  to  have  had  the  honour  of 
the  invention  :  Suet.  3!^.  Though  Au- 
gustus extended  the  shameful  practice ; 
Suet.  43.  he  subsequently  put  a  tempo- 
rary stop  to  it.  After  hi»  death  it  was 
revived,  and  continued  through  the  suc- 
ceeding reigns,  till  it  reached  its  highest 
point  under  Nero.  G. 

194.  CeUi ;  cf.  x.  36  sq.  PR.  xiv.  257. 
R. 

By  the  exhibition  of  games  to  the 
people,  the  prKtor  paved  his  way  to  the 
consulship,  vi.  380.  xi.  193.  Suet.  Ner. 
21.  Dioliv.2.  Plut.  Brut.  p.  988.  d.  R, 

195.  *  Suppose  the  alternative  lay  be- 
tween the  arena  and  the  stage.'  LU,  cf. 
iii.  174.  xiv.  257.  iJ. 

196.  '  Who  would  bo  such  a  craven 
as  to  choose  the  degradation  of  acting?* 

197.  These  actors,  being  men  of  low 
birth,  were  designated  by  some  national 
Dame,  as  Latitms,  C(>rinf/iiuj,^c.  as  slaves 
were  called  Gcfa,  Syrus,  Darus,6^c,  HR. 
i.  36.  note.  LU, 

198.  Cithar(rdo :  Suet.  Ner.  20  sqq. 
LU,  Tac.  An.  xiv.  14  sq.  PR.  and  xvi. 
4,  Xiph.  Ner.  R.  cf.  vi.  617.  M. 

199.  *'  The  wonder  is,  they  turn  not 
fencers  too,  Secutors,  Retiarians — and 
they  do !"  G.  or  '  After  this,  what  can 
we  expect  in  the  city  but  theatricals]*  If 
he  haa  meant '  exhibitions  of  gladiators,' 
he  would  have  used  the  word  muwis  and 
not  ludus.  R. 

Our  author  now  resumes  the  scan- 
dalous adventure  of  Gracchus,  on  which 
he  had  before  briefly  touched :  ii.  143  sqq. 
Every  sentence,  every  word  that  drops 
from  Juvenal,  proves  him  to  be  a  sturdy 
republican,  a  genuine  and  unsophisticated 
patriot,  who  loved  the  honour  and  dignity 
of  his  country  above  his  life ;  and  felt 
with  the  deepest  anguish  every  act  which 
tended  to  deuase  her  in  the  eye  of  sur- 
rounding nations.  One  of  the  most  strik- 
ing passages  in  any  historian  extant  shows 
that  this  debasement  was  more  effectually 
brought  about  by  the  gladiatorial  pursuits 
of  the  young  nobility,  than  by  any  other 
enormity  whatever.     Dio  observes,  that, 


amidst  all  the  scandalous festivitieStajMl  ex- 
cesses of  Nero,  nothing  appeared  so  truly 
flagitious  and  abominable,  as  the  pros- 
titution of  the  male  and  female  nobUity, 
who  exhibited  themselves  in  the  orchestra, 
circus,  and  amphitheatre,  on  a  footing 
with  the  vilest  of  the  rabble.  The  old 
and  honourable  families  of  the  state,  tba 
Furii,  the  Fabii,  the  Porcii,  and  the  Va- 
lerii,  to  whose  ancestors  temples  and 
trophies  had  been  erected  by  the  public, 
voluntarily  (at  least  for  the  greatest 
part)  submitted  to  this  degradation,  in 
the  presence  of  all  Rome  and  of  an 
immense  concourse  of  people  from  every 
part  of  the  empire !  These,  probably, 
enjoyed,  with  the  highest  relish,  a  spec- 
tacle that  amply  revenged  the  conquest 
of  their  respective  countries  by  the  ances- 
tors of  those  who  now  degraded  them- 
selves for  their  amusement.  "  As  the 
sports  and  combats  proceeded,  the  strao- 
gers  pointed  out  to  each  other,  the  de- 
scenaants  of  those  great  men  ;  U««raX*- 
%»iitTevf  yi  avT«vt  aXAifXiif.  jmu  fXiyM— 
Maxi^fMf  fAif  "  eSrif  Wriw  i  r»Z  Ttmikt9 
%Ky«99t'*'  *KXXfiirif  2)  "  tZrt  r«»  Mi{^ 
/KI0V  "  ^t»tXmTeu  "ft%Tt  r«v  fiXmmimr** 
'Ewit^Hrmt  "  Ihrt  r«»  'Awwtn'"  *A#vmJ 
*  rh  \»vMi»r"  "iBn^ts  '*  «)»  n«^AM»-** 
Ka^;^fil«MM  '*  *A^^jMiMff*"  'Vmfuum  H 
"  ritrr«f !"  LXL.  i.  17.  It  is  more  than' 
probable,  that  Juvenal  himself  was  pre- 
sent at  these  most  humiliating  scenes. 
As  a  speciator,  we  may  conceive  him  to 
have  watched  the  significant  looks  of  tba 
strangers,  as  their  fineers  moved  fron 
object  to  object;  to  have  heard #their 
whispers,  to  have  noted  their  sneers ! 
Can  it  now  be  wondered  at,  that  a  man 
of  his  quick  feelings,  of  his  strone  sensi- 
bility, should  speak  with  indignation  and 
horror,  of  actions  which  were  sure  to 
spread  the  disgrace  and  ridicule  of  his 
country,  as  far  as  the  wanderings  of  the 
astonished  visitants  extended  1  Or,  that 
he  should  think  them  superior  in  infamy 
to  the  roost  hateful  vices ;  which,  how- 
ever they  might  implicate  the  character 
of  individuals,  brought  no  great  degree  of 


SAT.  VIII.  OF  JUVENAL.  219 

200  Dedecus  Urbis  habes :  nee  mirmillonis  in  armis 
Nee  clypeo  Gracehum  pugnantem  aut  falce  supina, 
(Damnat  enim  tales  habitus ;  sed  damnat  et  odit) 
Nee  galea  faciem  abseondit :  movet  ecce  tridentem, 
Postquam  librata  pendentia  retia  dextra 

205  Nequidquam  efiudit,  nudum  ad  spectacula  vultum 
Erigit  et  tota  fugit  agnoscendus  arena. 


•dnun  on  the  general  reputation  of  Home?  that  the  drivelling  Claudius  took  a  cruel 
However  this  may  be,  the  praise  of  con*  pleasure  in  putting  the  Retiarii  to  death 
Mtency  nasi,  in  the  present  case  at  upon  particular  occasious,  that  he  might 
Inst,  06  fully  allowed  him.    In  this  very  have  the  diabolical  satisfaction  of  re- 
Satire,  when  he  enumerates  the  crimes  marking  the  successive  changes  in  their 
of  Nero,  he  insinuates  that  it  was  not  so  expiring  countenances !  Suet.  34.  Grac- 
madi    bis   nultinlied  murders,  as  his  chus,  however,  seems  to  have  been  de- 
pililtc  exposure  of  himself  on  the  stage,  termined  in  his  choice  more  by  cowardice 
(where  he   repeated  his  Troics,)   that  than  impudence;  as  he  did  not  merely 
ezhonsted  the  patience  of  mankind,  and  rely  upon  being  recognised  by  his  fea- 
osdted  that  general  insurrection  which  tures,  which,  as  he  was  one  o\  the  most 
•wmt  him  from  the  earth !  G.  distinguished  families  in   Rome,  could 
200.    Of  the  two  combstants,  who  not  but  be  well  known ;  but  was  even 
entered  the  lists,  one  was  called  A«(uiriui,  base  enough  to   enter  the  lists  in  the 
aad  the  other  Mirmilb  or  Secutar:  the  magnificent  hat  and  tunic  of  the  Salii,  or 
fermtr  was  lightly  dressed  in  a  tunic,  and  priests  of  Mars,  of  whom  he  was  probably 
fonushcd  with  a  trident,  or  three-forked  the  chief.     With  respect  to  the  MirmiUo, 
inear,  and  a  net,   whence  his  name,  he  was  so  called  from  fti^f^uXf,  tuiK§s, 
imtL  Cal.  30.    The  latter  was  armed  Ix^us'  0pp.  Hal.  i.  1(K).  a  representation 
wich  ■  bolmet,  shield,  and  short  scimitar,  of  which  formed  the  crest  of  his  helmet. 
TiMy  approached  each  other,  the  Hecutor  Polysenus  and  Festus  derive  the  origin  of 
with  his  weapon  raised,  and  the  Rf<iariii#  the  Retiariui  from  Pittacus,  one  of  the 
with  his  protruded  trident  in  his  right  hand,  seven  sages  of  Greece,  who  fought  in  this 
aod  his  net  open,  and  ready  for  casting,  manner    with    Phryno :    j;rrM«»    ^    U 
ia  his  left.     H'm  object  was  to  throw  it  ft^twfim^^iaf  tr^9€»mXtfafi.U9»  fw  ft>f urates 
over  the  head  of  his  antagonist,  and  iXtturtKhf  AtaXmfiitf  ^mtvvf .  1^vti^(m/u$  »a} 
cnUafle  him  in  such  a  manner,  as  to  rtf  fut  itptp^Xn^T^tf  w%^t%^\%.  rn  r^utitif 
lender  him  an  easy  prey.     If  he  failed  ft  »tu  rSf  l$^tii^  iru^t  »«/  irtTXi*   xiii. 
hi  his  attempt,  he  had  no  resource  but  A  similar  practice  is  spoken  of  as  ezisiint^ 

aht,   for  which    his    dress   was    well  among  the    Persian   forces:    Taym^rtsi 

Lpled ;   and  during  which  he  endea*  ;^(i*r»r«M  eu^nn  rtvXiy/uivifri  l|  Ifudtrmr 

voured  to  collect  and  prepare  his  net  for  rrnvrnt'i  vUvMt  t^^^trrm  Is  vrixtfin.  n  ft 

i second  throw:  if  the  ^cu /or  overtook  A^A:n  f^vrtit*  rmt  i9%0Sn  ^ft*  \r%a*  su/a- 

hha  before  this  was  done,  his  fate  was  fti^yt^t  T»7€t   wcXtfim^t    fitixxevft   rmf 

taevitable,  oaless  he  were  saved  by  the  ^u^ag,  W  Mm^^  fif^x^ut  \x«^'*f  •f^v  i*  •» 

interposition  of   the   spectators,   which  rv^i},  4*  n  i^-rau.  nt  n   a*^^MT»u.  !«•* 

•onetimes  happened.    It  is  not  easy,  at  itturit  tk»u   •!  ft  U  s«xm'<  ifixaXa^vifAgtu 

this  distance  or  time,  to  say  whether  one  it»^iu^»fTai'  Her.  vii.  tid.  G.  FR. 

of  these  characters  was  looked  upon  as  201.  Two  other  sorts  of  <;ladiators  may 

las  respectable  than  the  other,  or  not ;  be  here  meant :    viz.  ( 1 )  the  Secntor, 

but  Juvenal  seems  to  direct  some  of  his  clypeo  pugnans ;  and  (2)  the  Threz,  with 

isdignation  at  Gracchus,  for  choosing  the  his  falchion.  R.  AD, 

fu\  of  the  RefiorJui,  instead  of  that  of  203.    'His    trident:*    dente    mitiax ; 

die  Secutor:    perhaps  it  was  less  dan-  Mart.  LU.  /asciua;  ii.  143. 

![enms ;  it  was  certainly  more  impudent,  205.  Spectacula  for  '  the  spectators.' 

or  it  affored   no  means  of  concealing  LU.  cf.  Sil.  ii.  230.  R. 

the  hot  i  stDce  we  know,  from  Suetonius,  206.    He  looks  boldly  upwards,  in 


220 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  Till. 


Credamus  tunicae,  de  faucibus  aurea  quum  se 
Porrigat  et  longo  jactetur  spira  galero. 
Ergo  igDominiam  graviorem  pertulit  omni 
210  Vulnere  cum  Graccho  jussus  pugnare  secutor. 
Libera  si  dentur  populo  suffiragia,  quis  tarn 
Perditus,  ut  dubitet  Senecam  prseferre  Neroni ; 


confidence  of  having  his  life  spared,  cf. 
ii  144.  PR, 

207.  The  Retiarii  wore  only  a  tunic : 
ii.  143.  Suet  Cal.  30.  The  gold  fringe, 
round  the  throat  of  that  which  Gracchus 
wore,  proclaimed  him  to  be  one  of  the 
Salii.  FE.  ii.  125  sq.  R. 

208.  These  priests  also  wore  a  conical 
cap.  which  tied  under  the  chin  with  long 
gold  bands.  Liv.  L  20.  Dionys.  H.  ii.  70. 
His  appearing  in  such  a  conspicuous 
dress  was  a  greater  proof  of  effrontery. 

Rm 

209.  '  The  gladiator  looked  upon  it 
as  the  greatest  disgrace  to  be  matched 
against  such  a  cowardly  antagonist.'  Af. 
Sen.  de  Prov.  3.  HK,  *  Whereas  there 
would  have  been  some  consolation  in 
falling  by  the  hand  of  a  brave  man.' 
Sil.  ii.  705.  R. 

211.  X.  77  sqq.  M. 

212.  Seneca;  v.  109.  PR.  It  was  re- 
ported at  Rome,  that  the  conspirators, 
after  having  made  use  of  Piso  to  destroy 
Nero,  intended  to  make  away  with  Piso 
himself,  ("  For  what  should  we  gain," 
said  the  chief  of  them,  Subrius  Flavins, 
*'  bv  exchanging  a  harper  for  a  tra- 
gedian?*' alluding  to  Piso's  having  ap- 
peared on  the  stage,)  and  raise  Sieneca 
to  the  vacant  seat.  Tac.  An.  zv.  65.  It 
is  to  this  circumstance  that  Juvenal 
alludes.  If  the  conspirators  really  enter- 
tained such  an  idea,  they  were  the  weak- 
est of  men  ;  for  Seneca  ^to  say  nothing 
of  his  age  and  infirmities)  was  too  un- 
popular to  have  held  the  undisturbed 
possession  of  the  empire  for  a  day.  With 
respect  to  Seneca,  it  is  his  fortune  to 
have  been  '*  at  the  fair  of  good  names, 
and  10  have  bouj;ht  a  reasonable  com- 
modity of  them ;"  for,  exclusive  of  our 
author,  who  evidently  thought  highly  of 
him,  and  appears  to  have  been  a  very 
diligent  reader  of  his  works,  several  an- 
cient writers  have  been  lavish  in  his 
praise.  Yet  we  shall  look  in  vain  into 
the  history  of  his  life  for  any  extraordinary 
number  of  virtuous  or  praiseworthy 
actions,    (lis  first  exploit  was  corrupting 


the  daughter  of  Germanicns,  for  which 
he  was  driven  into  banishment;  and  from 
the  obtrusive  and  never-endinff  boasti  oC 
the  magnanimity  with  which  he  endured 
it,  it  may  be  conjectured  that  Ovid  him- 
self did  not  bear  his  exile  much  more  im* 
Satiently  than  this  impassible  Stoic  He 
attered  Claudius;  and  still  more  growly 
his  favourite,  Polybius,  in  order  to  obtain 
his  recall ;  and,  as  soon  as  he  had  lOC- 
ceeded,  forgot  the  latter,  and  hetraycd 
the  former.  He  then  joined  the  virtaova 
Nero  (whom  he  took  care  to  supply  with 
a  mistress)  in  his  persecution  of  Agnppinay 
his  great  patroness ;  and  when  her  soDy 
not  long  afterwards,  put  her  to  death,  he 
was  more  than  suspected  of  drawing  vp 
the  palliating  account  of  it.  A  better 
moralist  than  Seneca  hath  said,  **  He  who 
maketh  haste  to  be  rich,  shall  not  beinao- 
cent ;"  Prov.  zxviii.  20.  This  was  noto- 
riously our  philosopher's  case.  Jnveaal 
gives  him  the  epithet  of  prtgdiva ;  x.  16. 
Dio  attributes  the  insurrection  of  the  Bri* 
tons,  in  a  great  measure,  to  bis  avarice  and 
rapacity ;  and  P.  Suilius  appeara,  from 
Tacitus,  to  have  attacked  aim  on  thia 
head,  with  a  violence  which  no  oommon 
acts  of  enriching  himself  could  have  pio* 
voked.  '*  By  what  system  of  ethics  liaa 
this  professor,  in  less  than  four  yean. 
amassed  three  hundred  millioo  aesteroeat 
His  snares  are  spread  through  all  the 
city;  last  wills  and  testaments  are  his 

auarry,  and  the  rich,  who  have  no  chU- 
ren,  are  his  prey.  Italy  is  overwhelmed, 
the  provinces  are  exhausted  ;  and  he  is 
still  unsatisfied !"  Tac.  A.  ziii.  42.  His 
behaviour  too,  after  he  perceived  the 
decline  of  Nero's  favour,  was  pusil- 
lanimous ;  and  his  affected  resignation  of 
his  unbounded  wealth,  pitiful  in  the  ex- 
treme. He  did  not,  indeed,  imitate  the 
elder  Brutus,  for  what  Juvenal  calls  the 
time  of  bearded  kings  was  past ;  but  he 
feigned  himself  sick  and  infirm,  and  lived 
on  spring  water  and  bread  baked  under 
his  own  eye.  In  a  word,  there  is  little 
amiable  in  bis  life ;  and  in  his  boasted 
death,  scarcely  any  thing  more  than  a 


SAT.  VIII.  OF  JUVENAL.  221 

Cujus  supplicio  non  debuit  una  parari 
Simia  nee  serpens  unus  nee  culeus  unus  ? 

215  Par  Agamemnonidss  erimen;  sed  eausa  facit  rem 
Dissiinilem.     Quippe  ille  Deis  auctoribus  ultor 
Patris  erat  csesi  media  inter  pocula;  sed  nee 
Eleetrss  jugulo  se  poUuit  aut  Spartani 
Sanguine  conjugii,  nuUis  aconita  propinquis 

220  Miscuit,  in  seena  numquam  cantavit  Orestes, 
Troiea  non  seripsit.     Quid  enim  Verginius  armis 

fond  and  orer-weening  anxiety  to  make  the  empire  to  her  ungrateful  sod.  R.  G. 

an  exhibition  of  it.     None  of  our  writers  VS, 

have  eotered  into  the  character  of  Seneca  216.  Orestes  acted  in  obedience  to  the 

with  more  discrimination  than  Massinger,  Pythian  oracle.  Eur.  0. 28. 416. 543  sqq. 

who  was  very  conversant  with  his  works,  w^ii  h£f  t^ftn/^Uf  Soph.  £1. 32sqQ.(SF/) 

and  wbo.in  the  Maid  of  Honour,  describes  il::sch.Ch.266sqq.  Diet  Cr.Ti.3.(FB.)  A. 

him  in  these  admirable  lines ;  "  Thus" —  217.  Horn.  Od.  A  529  sqq.  A  408  sqq. 

recapitnlatiog  some  of  his  stoical  para-  M,  There  are  variations,  however,  in  the 

dozes—"  I'hus  Seneca,  when  he  wrote  particulars  of  the  transaction.  LU,  cf. 

it,  thought.— But  then  Felicity  courted  iflsch.  Ag.  Sen.  Ag.  865 — 895.  Tricl. 

him;   his  wealth  exceeding  A   private  on  £1.  195.    Lycoph.  1099.  1108.  (M£. 

man's ;    happy  in  the  embraces  Of  his  TZ,)  Hyg.  F.  117.  Virg.  i£.  xi.  267.  R. 

chaste  wife  Paulina  ;    his  house  full  Of  218.  *  He  never  embrued  his  hands  in 

children,    dienu,    servants,     6attering  the  blood  of  a  sister  or  a  wife.'  LU.  ea 

friends.  Soothing  his  lip- positions; — then,  quo  gtt  habitut  male  tuta  mentis  Orettes, 

DO  doobt.  He  held,  and  did  believe,  this,  non  Pyladen  ferro  violate  autusve  iororem 

But  no  aoooer  The  prince's  frowns  and  Eleetram  ;  Hor.  II  S.  iii.  137  &c.  PR, 

jciloaf  tea  had  thrown  him  Out  of  secu-  219.  Cotijugii  for  eor^jugis.     He  mar- 

rity't  lap,  and  a  centurion  Had  offered  ried  his  cousin  Hermione,  daughter  of 

him  what  choice  of  death  he   pleased,  Menelaus  and  Helen.  LU. 

Bat  told  him,  die  he  most ;  when  straight  Aconita ;  i.  71,  nde.  LU.  ib.  158.  PR, 

the  ainoor  Of  his  so  boasted  fortitude  220.  Cf.  198,  note.  R. 

Ml  oC  Complaining  of  his  frailty.**  C.  221.  Some  suppose  Juvenal  alluded  to 

313.  Pamcidea,  by  the  Roman  law,  Nero*srecitationof  his  Troics  while  Rome 

wen  first  acoDrged,  and  then  sewn  up  in  was  burning :  hoe  incetuiium  e  turri  AUgm 

a  sack  of  raw  bull's  hide  with  an  ape,  a  eenatiana  prospectuns  Uetusque  fiamnui,  ut 

cock,  a  serpent,  and  a  dog,  and  thrown  aiebat,  pulcritudine,  iXm^n  Ilii,  in  illo  nto 

iDto  the  nver  or  the  sea.  cf.  Cic.  for  S.  icenico  habitu  deeantavit ;  Suet.  38.  LU, 

Roec.  Am.  70  so.  PR.  xiii.  155  sq.  Suet.  Nim»»  U  n  r)  i«^«»  r«?  wa)imTUy  Mxit, 

Aug.  33.    {CAS.)  Sen.  £p.   40.  {LL)  »ti  rh*  entitiiv  rhv  nJm^t^txh*  Xmfimf,  frtw 

Nen>  waa  guilty  of  the  murder  of  his  ixmwn^  it  ^Iv  mMt  ixtytt^  *i>J«v,  *f  ^ 

BMrther  Agrippina,  his  aunt  Doroitia.  his  U^«r«,  'P^f^nf  Xiph.  Ixii.  18.    Others 

vivca  Octavia  and  Poppsa,  bis  brother  imagine  that  he  alludes  to  the  report  of 

Britannicas,  and  many  other  relations,  this  pro6igate  madman  having  set  Rome 

Saet.  33 — 35.  Tac.  R.  VS.  on  fire  for  the  sake  of  illutttrating  his 

215.  There  uras  a  well-known  verse  at  subject;  a  circumstance,  which,  whether 

Rome  in  Nero's  days:  Nl^»,  *O^Urtis,  true  or  false,  was  generally  credited  in 

*U«^«Mr»  ftnr^^ripH.  GR,  cf.  i.  6,  note,  our  author's  time,  and  with  which  Nero 

fR.  vi.  655,  note.  was  charged  to  his  face  by  Subrius  Fla- 

Orestes  slew  his  mother  Clytaemnestra ;  vius,  who  suffered  with  Seneca.  Tac  An. 

Wt  then  she  had  murdered  his  father  and  xv.  67.  G.   and   39.  ut  spectaculi  ^ut 

Ud  onrped  the  kingdom  for  her  para-  imaginem  cemtret,  quali  olim  Troja  capta 

■ionr  to  bis  Own  prejudice ;  whereas,  if  exarserat ;  £utr.  vii.  PR. 

Afiippina  had  plunged  deeply  in  crime,  Enim  ;  Virg.  X,  v.  850.  vi.  52.  viii. 

it  wu  soWy  fer  the  purpose  of  securing  84.  x.  874.  (HY.)  R, 


222  THE  SATIRES  sat.  viii. 

Debuit  ulcisci  magis  aut  cum  Vindice  Galba  ? 
Quid  Nero  tarn  sseva  crudaque  tyrannide  fecit? 
Haec  opera  atque  hse  sunt  generosi  Principis  artes, 

225  Gaudentis  foedo  peregrina  ad  pulpita  saltu 
Prostitui  Graiseque  apium  meruisse  coronse. 
Majorum  effigies  habeant  insignia  vocis : 
Ante  pedes  Domiti  longum  tu  pone  Thyestas 
Syrma  vel  Antigones  seu  personam  MenaUppes 

230  £t  de  marmoreo  citharam  suspende  colosso. 
Quid,  Catilina,  tuis  natalibus  atque  Cethegi 
Inyeniet  quisquam  sublimius  ?  Anna  tamen  vos 
Noctuma  et  flammas  domibus  templisque  parastis, 
Ut  Bracatorum  pueri  Senonumque  minores, 

VerginiM  Rufus,  lieutenant-general  of  229.  *  The  train  that  swept  the  stage.' 

the  army  in  Lower  Germany,  (Tac.  H.  i.  palla  konetta ;  Hor.  A.  P.  278.  PR.  and 

8.  9.  62.  77.  ii.  19.  51.  68.  Plin.  Ep.  ii.  215.  cf.  xv.  30.  H. 

1.  vi.  10.  ix.  19.  Diolxiii.  Ixviii.  Plut.  Antigoue',  Soph,  and  Eur.  iEsch.  Tb. 

Galb.  p.  1055.)  Julius  Vindex,  proprietor  1005  flqq.  Apoll.  iii.  3.  7.  Hyg.  F.  67. 

of  Gaul,  (Suet.  Ner.  40  sq.  Tac.  H.  i.  6.  72.  243.  254.  ft.  LO. 

61.  iv.  57.)  and  Ser,  Calbot  prsfect  of  '  ^fcrta/ip/M'f  mask.' Menalippe,  though 

Tarraconensian   Spain,   afterwards  em-  a  very  wise  young  lady,  verified  the  ad- 

peror,  (Suet.  Galb.  98qq.)  were  the  three  age  nemo  mortalium  omnibus  hirris  Mtpit; 

chiefs  of  this  conspiracy.  R,  LU.  PR.  by  an  amour  with  Neptune,  she  became 

223.  Cruda  ;   Sil.  i.  405.  ft.  the  mother  of  twins,  which  she  hid  in  her 

224.  Generosi ;  *  nobly  descended.'  father's  cow-house.  I'he  poor  old  king, 
ft.  horrified  at  discoyering  this  moostrous 

225.  In  Naples,  Olympia,  and  other  production  of  his  herds  (as  he  fondly 
places.  Pft.  which  he  visited  W)  i^x^**  imagined),  was  about  to  have  the  bab^ 
Mmi  Ir)  xtia^^ntu,  »ff^v|ii  ri  »«)  r^s«  burnt;  when  his  wise  daughter  con- 
y^imt  vwuMW  tv  yk(  t((»u  aur^  A  vinced  the  good  man  upon  philosophioil 
'Ptifiifi,  iXX*  m^fi  »mi  Urr^ariiff  If  a  mm)  principles,  in  a  long  and  dull  harangue, 
w%ft9i«fixnsy  in  ty.tys,  yifnrm'  Zon.  An.  that  tne  little  creatures  were  the  nainral 
ii.  Xiph.  ixiii.  8 — 10.  Suet  Ner.  20 — 24.  produce  of  the  animal,  and  thus  forta- 
42.  ft.  nately  saved  them  !  Hyjf.  F.  186.  Varr. 

226.  The  successful  competitors  at  the  R.  R.  ii.  6.  Dionys.  w.  r.  X^x-  Euripides, 
Isthmian  games  were  presented  with  a  Ennius,  and  Accius  wrote  tragedies  on 
chapletof  dry  parsley:  VS.  Plin.  xix.  8.  this  subject.  FA,  LU.  PR.  ft.  G. 

at  the  Nemean  games  it  was  a  green         230.  Citharam  a  juditibus  ad  $e  dt' 

chaplet.    Gft.   cf.    Piod.    Ol.    xiii.    45.  latam  adoravitt  ferrique  ad  AuguUi  sUt' 

Plut.  Symp.  5.  ft.  tuamjusi^it ;  Suet.  12.  LU. 

227.  *  The  precious  trophies  :'  sarcas-  Catiline  ;  xiv.  41  sq.  M.  ii.  27.  Hit 
tically.  LU.  The  Romans  used  to  hang  great  grandfather  and  great  great  grand- 
their  insignia  around  the  pedestal  of  their  father  both  bore  the  name  of  M.  Sergius 
ancestors*  statues,  ft.  Silo,  and  were  distingui^^hed  men.  Plio. 

228.  Nero's  father  was  DomifiHj  .4h*.  vii.  28.  (HA.)  Liv.  xxxii.  27  sq.  31. 
nobarbus.  LU.  Suet.  1  sqq.  ft.  xxxiii.  21.  24.  ft. 

Thyestes,  Hyg.  F.  84. 258.  LU.  vii.  73,  C.  Corn.  Cethegus ;  ii.  27.  x.  287.  Cic. 

note,  inter  cetera  cantaiit  Canucen  par-  Cat.  iii.  2 — 5,  Or.  ;>.  Red.  4.  A  pp.  B.  C. 

turientem,  Orestem  matricidam,  CEdipum  ii.  2 — 6.  V,  Pat.  ii.  34.  Dio  xxxvii.  Plut. 

exccteatum,  HercuUm  insanum ;  Suet.  21.  t.  i.  p.  710.  769.  868  sqq.  Sail.  B.  C.  ft. 

Pft.  and  54.  Quint.  X.  i.  98.  ft.  234.  '  As  though  you  had  been  the 


.  VIII.  OF  JUVENAL.  223 

Ausi,  quod  liceat  tunica  punire  molesta* 
Sed  vigilat  Consul  vexillaque  vestra  coercet. 
Hie  novus  Arpinas,  ignobilis  et  mode  Romae 
Municipalis  Eques,  galeatum  ponit  ubique 
Praesidium  adtonitis  et  in  omni  gentc  laborat. 
Tantum  igitur  muros  intra  toga  contulit  illi 
Nominis  et  tituli,  quantum  non  Leucade,  quantum 
Thessaliae  campis  Octavius  abstulit  udo 
Csedibus  adsiduis  gladio.     Sed  Roma  parentem, 
Roma  patrem  patriae  Ciceronem  libera  dixit 


*>ditary  and    inveterate    enemies   of  citizens,  viz.  patricians,  equestrians,  and 

^we/  plebeians.  R. 

f^    C?«tfia  2Var6uiie»u«  was  called  Bracaf  a,  *  Helmed;'  i.  268.  R, 

J  J  5^^  the  dress  of  the  inhabitants.     Plin.  239.  •  Every  where  ;'  not  only  in,  but 

^-^*    4.     The   Senanes  were  a  people  of  out  of,  Rome  :  GJi.  FA.  much  the  same 

^ilia  Lugdunefuit,  who  sacked  Rome  as  ubique  gentium.  M. 

^J^flerlheir  chieftain  Brennus.  F  lor.  i.  13  240.  Toga  is  opposed  to  ^/adto,  243. 

^J^.  Plin.  iv.  18.  Cajs.  B.  G.  v.  LC/.  PR,  M,  eedant  arma  togae. 

TmX£rtu  xv^**  «**^vf<Viv,  a$  Xnuut  241.   '  The  victory  over  Antony  and 

C**«f  v^'VfiMvri'  Diod.  v.  30.  Cleopatra  at  Actium.*     L«ucas  was  an- 

^  235.  This  was  a  dress  smeared  with  other  promontory  of  that  coast.  VS,  The 

^tch  and    other  combustibles   (i.  155,  peninsula  of  Leucadia,  was    made   an 

^e :)  which  was  used  in  the  punbh-  island  by  the  isthmus  (which  divided  it 

*^iU  of  incendiaries,  rs.  fiRO.  Mart.  X.  from  Acarnania)    bein^   dug    through. 

Xxr.  5.  PR.  Prud.  «•.  rr.     Hymn.  iii.  Strab.  x.  p.  311.     Flor.  iv.   11.  (D(7.) 

Ttrt  Mart.  6.  Suet.  Cal.  27.  Viu  17.  R.  Ov.  M.  xv.  289.  Cic.  Att.  v.  9.  cf.  Virg. 

hietmt :  it  may  be  hoped  that  Juvenal  M.  iii.  274.  viii.  674  sqq.  (JiY.)  R, 

■tieanff  thu  as  a  tacit  testimony  to   the  242.  Understand  non  after  quantum. 

ioDocenceof  tbo  Christians,  (at  that  time  Mart  XI.  Ixxzi.  HK. 

taiversally    acknowledged,)    respecting  '  The  victory  over  Brutus  and  Ca^ius 

Ike  chance  of  setting  fire  to  Rome.  G.  at  Philippi.'  VS.  Flor.iv.  6.  LU.    Thes- 

236.  The  consul  was  Cicero.  LU,  saly  is  used  by  the  poets  with  great  lati- 
"/«s  ititelUges,  mnUo  me  vigHare  tude.  Virg.  G.  i.  489  sq.  (HF.  VO.)  R. 
ttriui  cd  aalutem,  quam  t§  ad  perniciem  244.  Cicero  was  the  first  who  received 
rtifmbUe^;**  Cic  Cat.  GR.  this  title  by  a  decree  of  the  senate  (which 

Cohorts  were  divided  into  centuries,each  Camillus  had  received  from  hissoldien 

of  which  bad  its  '  standard.'  Veg.  ii.  PR.  during  his  triumph) :  Cato,  as  tribune  of 

237.  Though  Cicero  claimed  descent  the  people,  appears  to  have  proposed  it 
from  royal 'blnod;  T.  Q.  i.  16.  yet  he  in  the  popular  assembly  ;  andCatulusto 
«ia  at  Rome  '  a  new  man,'  having  no  have  made  the  motion  for  confirming  it 
inagesof  his  ancestry  to  show.  SCH.  He  in  the  Senate.  Plin.  vii.  30.  Plut  V.  Cic. 
«ia  the  6rst  carale  magistrate  of  the  p.  872.  App.  B.  C.  ii.  7.  (SW.)  Cic.  Pis. 
ToIIian  clan.  Cic.  c.  Rull.  ii.  1  sq.  I?.  3.  Id.  P.  Sext.  LU.  PR.  R. 

Arpinuai   was  a   little  town  of   the  The  title  was  indeed  given  to  Augustus 

Vohci,    PA.  situated  in  what  is  now  and  afterwards  to  several  of  his  succes- 

ctUed  the  Camp^gna  Felice.  G.  sors :  but  Cicero  w^s  the  first  and  last,  to 

'  Whom  you  scorn  as  i g  n  o  b  I  e.'    R.  whom  it  was  given  by  'free  Rome  ;' 

238.  The  inhabitants  of  the  munieipia  the  only  circumstance,  in  Juvenal's  esti- 
Ittd  laws  of  their  own,  but  were  eligible  mation,  that  made  it  of  any  value.  Libera 
to  the  honours  of  the  empire.  Gell.  xvi.  is  used  with  the  same  feelings  in  211, 
|3.  PR,  In  thMe  '  boroughs,'  as  well  as  *  if  choice  were  free.'  It  must  have 
io  tht  colonics,  there  were  three  grades  of  been  these  flashes  of  uncontrollable  in- 


N 


224  THE  SATIRES  sat.  vim. 

245  Arpinas  alius  Volscoram  in  monte  solebat 

Poscere  mercedes  alieno  lassus  aratro, 

Nodosam  post  haec  frangebat  vertice  vitem. 

Si  lentus  pigra  muniret  castra  dolabra. 

Hie  tamen  et  Cimbros  et  sumina  pericula  rerum 
250  Excipit  et  solus  trepidantem  protegit  Urbem. 

Atque  idoo,  postquam  ad  Cimbros  stragemque  yolabant. 

Qui  numquam  adtigerant  majora  cadavera,  corvi, 

Nobilis  omatur  lauro  coUega  secunda. 

Plebeiss  Deciorum  animse,  plebeia  fuerunt 
255  Nomina :  pro  totis  legionibus  hi  tamen  et  pro 

Omnibus  auxiliis  atque  omni  pube  Latina 

Sufficiunt  Dis  infemis  Terraeque  parenti : 

Pluris  enim  Decii,  quam  quas  servantur  ab  illis. 

Ancilla  natus  trabeam  et  diadema  Quirini 

dignation  at  the  Allien  state  of  hiscoun-  triumphi  fuit :  quippt  vir  fnveerUatii  et- 

try,  and  not  a  sarcastic  compliment  to  a  imi€e  suptr  troipcta  ipsa  <mtne&at ;  Flor.  Hi. 

favourite  dancer,  that  occasioned  his  re-  3.  PR.  V.  Pat.  ii.  12.  Oros.  v.  15  sq.  if. 
moval  from  Rome.  G.  Cnrvi  ;    cf.  tv.   111.   Horn.  11.  A  5. 

246.  Marius,    though  born  of   poor  R  393.  M. 

parents,  was  seven  times  consul,  and,  be-  253. '  Q.  Lutatius  Catulns  biscoUeague, 

sides  his  victory  over  the  Cimbri,  he  coo-  though  noble,  ii.  146.  obtained  but  second- 

quered  the  Teutones  in  Italy  and  Jug^ur-  ary  glory.'  FA.  SCH.   A  double  triumph 

tha  i<i  Africa.  V.  Max.  i.  2.  SCH.  Pint,  was  decreed  to  Marius,  but  to  please  tne 

V.  Mar.  Liv.  Ixviii.  PR,  Plin.  xzziii.  1 1.  soldiery  he  waved  his  right  to  the '  second* 

R.  Flor.  iii.  3.  LU,  in  favour  of  Catulus  ;  Cic.  T.  Q.  ▼.  19. 

247.  He  rose  from  the  ranks,  and  had  R.  whom,  some  time  afterwards,  he  bar- 
sometimes  had   the  centurion's  switch  barously  put  to  death.  G. 

broken  about  his  head.  xiv.  193.  LU.        254.  The  father,  son,  and  grandson  all 

Liv.  Ivii.  epit.    Tac.  An.  i.  23.  Plin.xiv.  bore  the  name  of  P.  Deeiui  Mum;  and 

1.  PR.  V.  154,  note.  M.  vi.    479.  R,  devoted  themselves  for  their  country,  the 

The  officer  should  have  struck  him  across  first  in  the  war  with  the  Latins,  the  aecond 

the  back  only  ;   but  too  scrupulous  an  in  that  with  the  Gauls,  the  third  in  that 

adherence  to  the  rules  of  the  service  is  with  Pyrrhus.  Liv.  viii.  9  sqq.  x.  28  sqq. 

not  to  be  expected   in   those  who  are  Cic.  T.  Q.  L  37.  Fin.  ii.  19.  Macr.  iii.  9. 

armed  with  a  little  brief  authority.  HK.  V.  Max.  v.  6.  VS.  PR.  M.  R. 
[cf.  Liv.  ed.  DR.  i.  vii.  p.  xv.  ED.]  255.  '  The  legions'  were  Roman,  <  the 

248.  '  The  axe,'  with  which  they  cut  auxiliaries'foreign  mercenaries,' the  Latin 
their  stakes,  had  the  iron  on  the  opposite  youth'  Italian  allies,  who  received  rations 
side  of  the  head,  pointed,  for  the  purpose  of  corn  but  no  pay.  Varr.  Feat.  LJ.  R. 
of  demolishing  walls.  LJ.  267.  The  form  of  this  devotion,  which 

249.  The  Cimbri  extended  over  the  is  very  solemn  and  awful,  u  found  in  Liv. 
modern  Jutland,  Sleswick,  and  Holsatia.  viii.  9.  A.  It  was  anciently  snppoaed 
PR.  AN.  R.  that  if  a  leader  would  consent  to  this 

250  Ktolut  is  to  be  taken  literally,  it  sacrifice  of  himself,  the  misfortunes  which 

means  in  his  defeat  of  the  Teutones  and  impended  over  the  combatants  would  all, 

Ambrones.  R.  by  that  pious  and  patriotic  act,  be  trans- 

251.  *  To  the  slaughtered  Cimbri:'  U  ferred  to  the  enemy.  PR, 

itk  ^mT*.  R.  '  Mother  Earth.'  Plin.  ii.  63.  PR. 

252.  Cimbri  pra  Italis  ingetitei.  Et  259.  Ocrisia,  the  mother  of  Serviut 
Ttutonum  rex  eaptut  ituigm  speetaeulum    Tullius,  was  born  a  slave ;  V.  Max.  LU, 


SAT.  viii-  OF  JUVENAL.  225 

260  £t  fiEiaces  meruit  reginn  ukimus  ille  bonorum. 

Prodita  laxabant  portarum  claustra  tyrannis 

Ex8alibu8  juvenes  ipsius  Consulis  et  quos 

Magnum  aliquid  dubia  pro  libertate  deceret, 

Quod  miraretur  cum  Coclite  Mucius,  et  quae 
266  Imperii  fines  Tlberinum  virgo  natavit. 

Occulta  ad  Patres  produxit  crimina  servus 

Matronis  lugendus:  at  illos  yerbera  justis 

Afficiunt  poenis  et  legum  prima  securis. 

Malo  pater  tibi  sit  Thersites,  dummodo  tu  sis 
270  iEacidse  similis  Vulcaniaque  arma  capessas, 

mad  was  brought  to  Rome  with  other  265.  CUrlia,  who  had  been  given  as  a 

captivet  from  Cornicolnm.    Livy  tries  hostage  to  the  Tuscans,  made  her  escape 

to  make  out  that  she  was  a  princess :  and  swam  oo  horseback  across  the  Tiber, 

L  39.    (rtgium  etrti  genut  et  penatn  which  then  divided  the  Tuscan  and  Ro- 

MdEfvf  mtfifai/  Hot.  II  Od.  iv.  15  sq.  G.)  man  territories.  VS.  Li?,  ii.  13.  Aur.  Vict. 

Dkmya.  hr.  1.  PR.  M.  R.  PR.  Sil.  x.  498.  R. 

The  regal  robe  wu  a  white  gown  with  266.  A  slave  of  the  Aquilii  (who  were 

a  broad  Mrder  and  stripes  of  purple.    It  among  the  conspirators  to  restore  the 

was  afterwards  worn  by  consuls,  augurs,  Tarquins)  discovered  the  plot  to  the  con- 

and  knigbts;  but  by  Uie  latter  only  in  suls.  LU,    pramxum  inaici  pecuuia  ex 

solemn  procettions.  Plin.  viii.  48  <  74.  arario,  liber tai,  et  civit as  data,  ilU  primum 

tx.  39  s63.  Virg.  JE,  vii.  188.  612.  {SV.  dieitur  vindicta  liberatus,  et  vindieta  no' 

BY.)  Dionys.  n.  70.  in.  61.  v.  47.  vi.  13.  men  ab  eo  tractum :    Vindieiut  enim  voca- 

Uw.  L  41.  A.  PR.  R.  tur;   Liv.  ii.  5.  PR. 

'TIm  diadem*  of  the  ancient  kings  was  267.  As  the  matrons  mourned  Brutus 

Dol  a  golden  crown,  but  a  white  bandeau,  for  a  whole  year,  Liv.  ii.  7.  so  it  was 

SwL  Ccs.  79.  V.  Flac.  vi.  700.  (BC/'.)  equally  incumbent  on  them  to  mourn  for 

SP»  Num.  diss.  ▼•  p.  456 — 472.  622.  Vindicius ;  through  whom  they  had  been 

679 — 685.  R.  saved  from  falling  a  second  time  into  the 

260.  He  was  succeeded  by  Tarquin  clutchesof  relentless  and  lustful  tyranny. 
Us  haughty.  VS.  LU.  R, 

261 .  '  Wanted  to  loosen.'  L  U.  cf.  note  268.  The  first  execution  under  the  reign 
10,  oo  Her.  i.  123.  of  Law  and  Liberty.  BRJ.  FA.    Male- 

962.  T.  and  71i.  Bnitm  were  put  to  factors  were  originally  scourged  to  death 

deuh,  bj  their  father's  sentence,  for  this  and  then  beheaded.    In  after  times,  as 

BsfiurkMscons^racy  against  the  new-born  an  act  of  mercy,  they  were  beheaded 

liberties  of  tbeir  country.  VS.   Flor.  i.  9.  before  they  sunk  under  the  stripes  of  the 

W.  Lhr.ii  3— 8w  Pint  Virg.  S..  vi.  818  rod.  HY.    In  our  own  country  the  pu- 

■M.  PR,  nishment  for  high  treason  has,  in  practice, 

264.  Horstiuj  Coele$  kept  the  troops  of  been  divested  oT  its  original  barbarity. 

Pwwi  at  bay,  while  the  bridge  was  269.  ThersUe*  was  bold  of  tongue  and 

brakcn  down  behind  him }  and  as  soon  slow  of  hand,  and  alike  deformed  in 

11  this  was  eompleie]^  done,  he  plunged  body  and  mind.  Hom.  II.  B  212  sqq. 

iato  the  Tiber,  and  rejoined  his  comrades.  L  if. 

rs.    Flor.  L  10.  Liv.  li.  9.  Aur.  Vict.  270.  AchilUt  was  the  son  of  Peleus 

i*R.  and  '  grandson  of  i£acus.'  LU.   He  was 

AfacMU  SeenoU  having  assassinated  first  of  the  Greeks  in  bravery  and  in 

tW  naymaster  of  the  Tuscan  forces  in-  beauty.  Hom.  II.  B  674.  769.  R.  Gell. 

Heaa  of  Pbrsena  himself,  burnt  his  own  ii.  1 1.  PR. 

Wed  as  a  penalty  for  his  mistake  and  as  Vulcan,  at  the  request  of  Thetis,  made 

^  proof  of  his  fortitude.  Liv.  ii  12.  Aur.  these  arms  for  her  son.  Ov.  M.  xiii.  288 

Vict.  PR.  sqq.  LU.  Hom.  II.  1  369  sqq.  PR. 

2  6 


226 


THE  SATIRES  OF  JUVENAL,      sat.  tiii. 


Quam  te  Thersitae  similem  producat  Achilles. 
Et  tamen,  ut  longe  repetas  longeque  reyolvas 
Nomen,  ab  infami  gentem  deducis  asylo. 
Majorum  primus  quisquis  fuit  ille  tuonim, 
275  Aut  pastor  fuit  aut  illud,  quod  dicere  nolo. 


272.  Quemeumqu$  voburit,  revolve 
nebiUm,  ad  humUitaiem  perveniet,  ^id 
reeerueo  thigulos,  quum  heme  ttrbem  tUti 
jHUtum  iMendere  9  ^e.  Sen.  CoDtr.  vL  R. 
Juvenal  here  aims  a  deadly  blow  at  the 
root  of  all  family  pride  amooff  the  Romans. 
M.  To  much  the  same  e&ct  is  the  old 
English  couplet  "  When  Adam  delved 
and  Eve  span.  Where  was  then  the  gen- 
tleman?" 

273.  Romulas,  to  augment  the  numbers 
of  his  subjects,  established  *  a  sanctuary' 
for  the  reception  of  all  who  would  ny 
thither  from  servitude,  from  debt,  or  from 

1'ustice.  Flor.  i.  1.  LU,  Dionys.  ii.  16. 
^iv.  i.  8.  Plut.  Rom,  Compare  with  this 
the  in^ution  of  the  six  cities  of  refuge : 
Num.  xzzy.  PR. 


275.  Romulus  and  Remus  were 
shepherds.  Eutr.  i.  1.  Romamum  p^ 
pulum  a  poitoribui  etas  ortiMi,  futi  nam 
dieitf  Varr.  R.  R.  u.  1.  PR.  cL  n.  127. 
R. 

*  Or  some  one  no  better  than  be  should 
be.'  taUt  reget  Romans  halnure,  quenum 
etiam  nomhulmt  entbeeeant:  aut  patUrm 
Aboriginum,  atU  hanupieee  SabuMrum^ 
atU  exuUt  CoritUhiorwnt  oul  Jtroos  mtims- 
que  Tuaearum;  S^e,  Just,  zzxviii.  Pfi. 
The  drift  of  this  whole  satire  is  to 
that  true  worth  depends  on  what  a 
is,  and  not  on  what  his  anceston  have 
been.  *'  Worth  makes  the  man.  and 
want  of  it  the  fellow;  The  rest  is  all  but 
leather  or  prunella;*'  Pope,  Enay  on 
Man  iy.  203  sq.  M. 


SATIRE    IX. 


ARGUMENT. 

Tluft  fifllire  relates  to  that  most  execrable  practice  in  which  the  ancients, 
to  their  eternal  shame,  so  untTersally  indulged.  JuvenaPs  purpose  was 
to  impress  the  minds  of  others  with  the  same  loathing  which  he  himself 
idt  for  this  disgusting  vice. 

Tlie  Satire  consists  of  a  dialogue  between  the  Poet  and  one  Nasvolus,  an 
c&firaachised  slare ;  a  poor  wretch,  who,  from  a  kind  of  jester  or  dabbler 
in  imall  wit  for  a  meal,  had  become  what  is  called  a  man  of  pleasure ; 
and  thence,  by  a  regular  gradation,  a  dependent  of  a  wealthy  debauchee, 
who  made  him  subsenrient  to  his  unnatural  passions ;  and  in  return, 
stanred,  insulted,  hated,  despised,  and  discarded  him !  27 — 90. 

This  miserable  object  Juvenal  rallies,  with  infinite  spirit,  on  his  discon- 
solate appearance ;  1 — ^26.  and  by  an  affected  ignorance  of  the  cause, 
engages  him  to  enter  into  a  detailed  account  of  his  infamous  life.  2^  sqq. 

This  piece  has  many  beautiful  and  many  moral  passages,  exclusive  of  the 
grand  and  important  lesson  which  it  is  our  duty  to  gather  from  it;  that 
a  life  of  sin  is  a  life  of  slavery;  102  sqq.  that  those  who  embrace  it 
for  the  sake  of  profit,  are  deluded  in  their  expectations  from  day  to  day, 
till  in  age  they  sigh  to  be  emancipated  from  that  state  of  misery  which 
they  voluntarily  adopted,  and  from  which,  while  they  view  it  with  eyes 
of  angnish  and  despair,  they  have  no  longer  strength  or  resolution  to 
fly :  123  sqq.  **  Therefore,"  in  the  words  of  Divine  Wisdom,  *'  they  shall 
eat  of  the  fruit  of  their  own  way,  and  be  filled  with  their  own  devices ;" 
Phyr.  i.  31.  Q.  R.  M. 


226 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  IX. 


Scire  veliin,  quare  toties  mihi,  Nasvole,  tristis 
Occurras  fronte  obducta,  ceu  Marsya  victus* 
Quid  tibi  cum  yultu,  qualem  deprensus  habebat 
Ravola,  dum  Rhodopes  uda  terit  inguina  barba? 
5  Nos  colaphum  incutimus  lambenti  crustula  servo. 
Non  erat  hac  facie  miserabilior  Crepereius 
PoUio,  qui  tiiplicem  usuram  prsestare  paratus 
Circuit  et  fatuos  non  invenit.     Undo  repente 
Tot  rugffi  ?    Certe  modico  contentus  agebas 
10  Vemam  equitero,  conviva  joco  mordente  &cetus 
Et  salibus  yehemens  intra  pomoeria  natis. 
Omnia  nunc  contra :  vultus  gravis,  horrida  siccse 
Silva  comae,  nuUus  tota  nitor  in  cute,  qualem 
Bruttia  prsestabat  calidi  tibi  fascia  visci : 


1 .  This  outcast  of  society  is  often  men- 
tioued  by  Martial ;  III.  Izxi.  zcv.  IV. 
Ixxxiv.  ii, 

2.  '  Clouded  with  sorrow.'  Quint,  z.3. 
Ilor.  £p.  xiii.  5.  Sen.  Marc.  I.  Or.  Her. 
xxi.  166.  (H.)  R. 

*  The  vanquished  Marsyas.'  Ov.  M. 
vi.  400.  {BU,)  LU,  Apul.  Fl.  3.  PR, 
Hyg.  F.  165.  (MUN,)  Solin.  p.  84.  and 
784.  (SA.)  Diod.iii.68.  (WS.)  ApoU. 

1.  iv.  2.  (HY.)  Ath.  xiv.  7.  (SW.) 
Compare  Hor.  I  S.  yi.  120  sq.  R,  There 
stood  in  the  Forum  a  very  celebrated 
statue  of  this  presumptuous  musician,  so 
that  the  comparison  must  have  been 
sufficiently  obvious.  G.  note  on  Herod, 
vii.  26. 

4.  Ravola  was  some  impure  wretch, 
of  whom  the  less  we  know,  the  better.  Af. 

*  While  driveling  over  Rhodope's 
charms.'  By  Rhodope  is  meant  some 
courtezan  oi  the  day,  so  named  after 
Khodope  the  Thracian,  who  was  JBsop's 
fellow-servant  in  the  house  of  ladmon 
the  Samian,  GR.  and  afterwards  acquired 
an  immense  fortune  in  Egypt  by  her 
abandoned  life.  Plin.  xxxvi.  12.  Herod, 
ii.  134  sq.  Strab.  xvii.  Plin.  xxxvi.  12. 
AA.  V.  H.  xiii.  33.  (PER.)  Luc.  Salt. 

2.  R. 

6.  '  He  need  not  fear !  We  reserve 
our  knuckles  for  the  peccadillos  of  our 
slaves.'  VS, 

'  Sweet  cakes.'  Hor.  I  S.  i.  25.  RU. 


6.  A  spendthrift,  who  coti  no  better 
figure  in  xi.  43.  G, 

7.  <  Thrice  the  legal  interest.'  RU. 

8.  '  Goes  the  round  of  the  Fomm, 
but  can  find  none  that  are  foola 
enough  to  trust  him.'  He  waa*  io  Had, 
an  utterly  ruined  roan.  PR, 

10.  '  1  knew  thee  once,  a  am  aaioiif 
the  slaves.'  Out  of  petulant  familiaritj 
or  fondness,  the  Romans  gave  the  slaves, 
born  in  their  houses,  (who  were  gene- 
rally spoiled  by  indulgence,)  the  name  of 
tquitet,  Milton  (in  bis  Deftnrio}  allodea 
to  this  capric6  of  the  ancients,  calling 
Salmasius  "  maneipium  efuiUn,  aysMs 
ergashiUzritu,  ^c."  G.  R, 

11.  Ur4)ani  sales  ;  Cic  ad  Dir.  ix. 
15.  R.  *  And  sharp  at  fashionable  re- 
partee.' G. 

Pomorrtum  was  a  vacant  wce  ^be- 
hind, t.  e.)  within  the  walls,  r5.  wnich 
was  not  allowed  to  be  either  inhabited  or 
tilled,  LU.  lest  it  should  interfere  with 
the  defence  of  the  tovm.  M .  Liv.  L  44. 
Cell.  xiii.  14.  Varr.  L.  L.  iv.  32.  JR. 

12.  "  Tliy  locks  are  like  a  tangled 
thicket."  G.hirtohorr€seitS€tudar»; 
Sil.  i.  421  sq.  A.  horret  capiUitp  tU  mm* 
rinuSf  eufteris,  echinus  out  curremt  aper  ; 
Hor.  Ep.  V.  27  sq. 

«  Dry;'  Mart.  X.  Ixxii.  11.  oppoaed  to 
madHdat  *  moist  with  scented  oils.  «iMAi«i 
jsiMffM'  Theoc.  xiv.  4.  A. 

14.  *  An  adhesive  plaster'  (in  which 


SAT.  IX.  OF  JUVENAL.  229 

15  Sed  fniticante  pilo  neglecta  et  squalida  crura. 

Quid  macies  aegri  veteris,  quem  tempore  longo 

Torret  quarta  dies  olimque  domestica  febris  ? 

Deprendas  animi  tormeuta  latentis  in  aegro 

Corpore,  deprendas  et  gaudia :  sumit  utnimque 
20  Inde  liabitum  facies.     Igitur  fiexisse  videris 

Propositum  et  vitaeN^ntrarius  ire  priori. 

Nuper  eniin^  ut  repettS  &num  Isidis  et  Ganymeden, 

Pacis  et  adyectse  secreta  palatia  Matris 

£t  Cererem  (nam  quo  non  prostat  femina  templo?) 
25  Notior  Aufidio  moechus  celebrare  solebas, 

Qnodque  taceSi  ipsos  etiam  inclinare  maritos. 
'*  Utile  et  hoc  multis  vitae  genus :  at  mibi  nullum 

Inde  opersB  pretium.    Pingues  aliquanda  lacemas, 

Munimenta  togse,  dun  crassique  colons, 
30  Et  male  percussas  textoris  pectine  Gralli 

'  Brettian  pitch'  wti  a  principal  iogre-  24.  This  eoumeration  of  temples  desc* 

dient)was  lued  for  eradicating  superfluous  crated  by  debauchery  presents  a  frightful 

baia.  J,    PUn.  xiW.  4.  7.  xiv.  20.  xvi.  picture  of  the  state  of  morals  at  Rome. 

11.    The  BruttU  inhabited  the  south  of  The  name,  indeed,  of  some    of  those 

Italy.  PA.  Twr»  v^  usXkS^w  rutumtrif  deities  does  not  suggest  the  idea  of  much 

b^vwUrfrref  B^vrriAf.  juJirfsX-  purity  in  their  votaries.     But  that  the 

nrm    mmi    inȤS    nmi    /tm^rixm'      Luc  temple  of  Ceres  (whose  hallowed  fillets 

Pwodom.  21.  B,  no  suspected  person  might  even  touch, 

15.  "  And  every  limb  Rank  with  vi.  50.  JBRJ.)  should  be  prostituted  to 
neglect,  a  shrubbery  of  hair  V*  G.  the  same  foul  purposes,  sufficiently  proves 

16.  Understand  tiki  vuU.  LU,  that  the  city  must  now  have  been  m  the 

17.  Qtuntena;  iv.57.  last  stage  of  depravity.    These  enormities 
*  Oefliesticated*  as  it  were.  M.               could  not  escape  the  notice  of  the  early 

18.  "  Sorrow  nor  io^  can  be  disguised  Christians,  who  speak  of  them  with  an 
bj  art ;  Our  foreheads  blab  the  secrets  of  indignant  freedom  not  unworthy  of  Jn- 
oar  hMrt."  Harvey.  M,  front  homim  venal  himself.  SeeTertullian,M.  Felix, 
Uitiim§thiUrUatit,tivnUatittt  triaitiiB  &c.  G,  xiv.  219.  xv.  141.  R.  This 
index ;  Plin.  xi.  37.  imago  animi  vuUut  temple  was  close  to  the  Circus  Maxiraus  ; 
«tf,  imdicet  oeuli ;  Cic.  de  Or.  iii.  R.  Plin.  xxxv.  12.  PR. 

22.  •  As  I  rccoUect.'  Ov.  Her.  v.  1 13.  25.  Cf.  vi.  42.  Aujldiut ;  Mart.  V.  Ix. 
(H.)  R.  10.  &c.  R. 

'  The  fane  of  Isis  ;*  vi.  489.  PR,  26.  <  To  corrupt  even  the  husbands.' 

By  '  Ganymede'  v.  6^.  PR.   is  here  28.  '  A  coarse  great  coat.'  note  on  i. 

nMuit*  the  temple  of  Jove.'6'CH.  Lact  62.  FA,  or  '  greasy  from  being  worn.' 

els  F.  R.  i.  Jt.  LU.  cf.  viL  221.  Mart.  IV.  xir.  1.  PR. 

23.  *  The  splendid  temple  of  Peace'  VI.  xi.  7.  X.  xiv.  7.  Suet.  Aug.  82. 
near  the  Fornro,  built  by  Vespasian.  PR»  Pars.  i.  54.  R.    "  Coarse  in  its  texture, 

Admette  [Livy  xxix,  10,  n.  ED.]  dingy  in  its  grain."  G. 

'  Secret.'  from  the  rites  there  cele-  29.  *  A  protection  to  the  gown.'  cf. 

brated.  R.  Mart.  VIII.   xxvUi.  XIV.  cxxxvii.  7. 

The  temple  of  Cybele  is  called  <  the  Suet.  Claud.  6.  Prop.  IV.  iii.  18.  (BU.) 

pelaoe'  because  it  was  on  the  Palatine  R. 

UilL  liv.  xxix.  37.  VS.  R.  cf.  iii.  137,  30.  <  And  badly  stricken  with  the  slay 

note.  vi.  512  sqq.  PR.  of  the  Gallic  weaver.'    The  slay  is  that 


230  THE  SATIRES  sat.  ix. 

AccipimuB,  tenue  argentum  venaeque  secundae. 
Fata  regunt  homines:  fatum  est  et  partibus  illis, 
Quas  sinus  abscondit.     Nam»  si  tibi  sidera  cessant. 
Nil  faciei  longi  mensura  incognita  nervi, 
35  Quamvis  te  nudum  spumanti  Virro  labello 
Viderit  et  blandae  assidue  densseque  tabellie 
Sollicitent :  Avro;  yoig  h^iXxerm  ctvS^  x/voiSo^. 

Quod  tamen  ulterius  monstrum)  quam  mollis  ararus? 

<  Hsec  tribui,  deinde  ilia  dedi,  mox  plura  tulisti.' 
40  (Computat  ac  cevet)     <  Ponatur  calculus,  adsint 

<  Cum  tabula  pueri :  numera  sestertia  quinque 

<  Omnibus  in  rebus ;  numerentur  deinde  labores.' 
An  facile  et  pronum  est,  agere  intra  viscera  penem 
Legitimum  atque  illio  hestemae  occurrere  coenae  ? 

45  Servus  erit  minus  ille  miser,  qui  foderit  agrum, 

Quam  dominum.     Sed  tu  sane  tenerum  et  puerum  te 
Et  pulcrum  et  dignum  cyatho  coeloque  putabas. 

part  of  the  loom  which  is  drawn  with  ifUi  leltf  •Stri  ^Itn^  «^«'ft»  ^nvtfut  t 

rorce  aeaiiiBt  the  threads  of  the  woof,  to  l/Mt  mmXXu  IftAW^Mf *  £p.  in  fir.  An* 

drive  them  close  together,  andtoconao-  30.  RL      There  is  a  Greek   prowb 

lidate  them  with  the  warp.    The  cloth  W»r«i  y   lpix»m9,  tSm  ftmynirH  XiSH> 

here  descnbed  was  loose  in  its  texture,  GR. 

because  little  pains  had  been  taken  in  the  38.  Trittius  haud  Wo  momtrum  me 

manufacture  of  it  Af.  tavior  vita  est;  Virg.  VS, 

31.  '  A  thin  piece  of  silver,  adulterated  39.  The  words  of  V irro.  VS. 

with  brass  below  the  standard :'  base  40.  '  He  calculates,  while  he  plajt 

metal,  in  short.  G.  GR.  Xtm-^lf  Jk^yv^ier  the  wanton.'  LU. 

Theoph.  Ch.  iv.  (CAS,)  R.  *  Let  a  reckoning  be  made.'  VS.  Cb^ 

32.  Bv  putting  stoical  sentiments  into  euH  were  '  pebbles'  which  they  med  M 
the  mouth  of  this  wretch,  the  poet  indi-  counters.  R. 

rectly  intimates,  that  many  professors  of  41 .  *  My  account-book.'  M. 

the  Stoic  philosophy,  with  all  its  aus-  Setiertia  quinque ;  £40.  M. 

terities,  vren  addicted  to   abominable  42.  '  In  all.'  Af. 

vices,  cf.  ii.  9sqq.  notes,  ii.  65,  notes.  M,  *  Your  services.'  LU. 

Distreu  makes  many  a  man  talk  philo-  43.  *'   Is  it  then  nothiog»  pray*  To 

sophically.  iiCH.  rake  mto  the  filth  of  yestefdayr'   O. 

On  the  power  of  the  destinies  and  the  The  language,  though  too  groii  ror  litml 

stars,  see  vi.  553  sqq.  vii.  194 — 201.  R.  translation,  is  well  calculated  to  ozpofe 

33.  Sinut  *  the  lap  of  the  dress.'  R.  the  disgusting  nature  of  the  detestulo 
*  Fail,'    f.  e.   *  prove  unfavourable.*  vice,  which  the  poet  is  attacking.  M. 

H.  45.  <  Thedrudge  who  toils  in  the  field 

34.  '  The  greatness  of  your  bodily    will  be  less  miserable.'  M. 
accomplishments  is  of  no  service.'  M.  46.  This  comparison  of  Virro,  wbo  wis 

35.  *  With  watering  mouth.'  LU.  an  ugly  old  fellow,  to  Ganymodo*  » 

36.  '  Numerous  notes.'  M,  altogether  ironical.  PJR.  *  I  suppoee  yovi 

37.  A  parody  on  airit  y^  I^iXmcm  were  so  lovely,  that  I  ousht  to  havo  foh 
IfljNi  r<}«f«f  *   Horn.  Od.  II  294.  (CK.)  proud  of  your  preference  r  M. 

T  13.  nam^e  vtrtim  trahit  ipse  chalybs ;        47.  '  To  be  the  cupbearer  of  hoavca/ 
V.  Flac  V.  541.  K.   HMymt 'H^drnXuree    xiii.  43  sq.  tf  .  v.  56.  59.  H. 


SAT.  IX.  OF  JUVENAL.  231 

Vo8  humili  adseculea^  vos  indulgebitis  umquam 
Caltx>ri,  jam  nee  morbo  donare  parati  ? 

SO  En,  cui  tu  viridem  umbellam,  cui  sucina  mittas 
Grandia,  natalis  quoties  redit  aut  madidum  ver 
Indpit  et  strata  positus  longaque  cathedra 
Munera  femineis  tractat  secreta  Calendis. 
Die,  passer,  cui  tot  montes,  tot  prasdia  servas 

^S5  Appula,  tot  milvos  intra  tua  pascua  lassos  ? 
Te  Trifolinus  ager  fecundis  vitibus  implet 
Sospectumque  jugum  Cumis  et  Gaurus  inanis. 

'48.  *  Will  such  MB  yon  e?er  be  gene-  LU.    This  same  time  is  meant  by  v* 

5]^^.  who  are  not  even  just  ?*  '  Is  it  to  be  61.  R. 

^*^Oodered,  that  you  should  be  so  stingy        '  He  fingers'  M.  *  with  the  same  de- 

*^waidt  your  other  dependents,  when  yon  light  as  a  girl  would.'  R, 
^v«a  grndge  the  money  required  for  the        '  Calencu ;'  cf.  Macr.  8.  i.  12. 15.  PR, 
^*^nl|peoce  of  yoor  besettin|^  sin  V  HK.  54.  The  wanton  *  sparrow*  was  one  of 

49»  Marho;  Sen.  c2f  Ben.i.  14.  (GAO.)  the  birds  consecrated  to  Venus.  Ath.  ix. 

Hot.  1  Od.  xxxni  9.  {ML)  HK,  ii.  17.  10.  Cic.  Fin.  ii.  75.  Plin.  x.  36.  PR. 

^kX  Jf*  Sappho  H.  to  Ven.  in  Dionys.  H.  de 

50.  '  A  greeo parasol' (rwalMV  Dionys.  Corop.  Verb.  23.  Pompon,  in  Non.  2.  n. 

II.Tn.i2.)' to  gnard  his  complexion  :'M.  335.  R. 
*  M  though  he  were  a  young  lady.'  LU.        '  Vine-clad  hills.'  PR. 

nut   nimia   vmcant    wnbracula        55.  '  In  Apulia ;'  i?.  27.  M.  Hor.  Ill 

fart.  XIV.  xxv'iii.  PR.  Od.  xvi.  26  sqq.  Mart.  X.  Ixxiv.  8.  R. 
;  vL  673.  PR.  '  Pastures  so  extensive  that  it  would 


;  Mart. 


51.  '  Moist  spring.*  Macr.  S.  viL  5.  tire  out  more  than  one  kite  to  traverse  your 

PR,  c£  fw,  87.  R.  demesne.'  VS.  Pers.  iv.  26.  PR.  Petr.  37. 

AS.  Dm  primus  ut  verit  m  Aquario,  Sen.  £p.  83.  R. 

4it  xziii  kifut  ngni,  ver  continet  diet  66.  <  Land  which  produced  the  T  r  i- 

S)Cf»   fiMT  d  rwdigantur  ad  diet  dvile*  foline  wines:'  so  called  from  their  be - 

msliBSj  9grU  imiiium  erit  tit  Jduf  F«-  ing  fit  to  drink  at  the  third  appearance 

brmmrUi  Vair.  R.  R.  i.  28.  Plin.  xviii.  of  the  leaf.  Plin.  xiv.  6.  (HA.)  LU. 

36.  PR.  Ath.  i.  31.  Mart.  XIII.  cxiv.    Mount 
Sirmtm,  m.  with  easy  pillows,  cushions,  St  Martin  near  Naples  has  been  supposed 

tad  rich  covers.  VS.  LU.  to  be  the  spot  meant.  PR. 

Lemgm ;  the  '  chaise  longue*  of  modem  57.  This '  mountain  viewed  with  suspi- 

ipholitereiB.  cion  from  Cums'  (iii.  2.)  mi^  b®  O) 

Gsdbsrfre ;  i.  65.  vi.  91.  Prop.  IV.  t.  Misenus,  three  miles  distant ;  PR.  Virg. 

37.  Mart.  IIL  IxiiL  7.  R.  M.  vi.  234  sqq.  M.  V.  Flac.  vi.  149. 
53.  The  6itt  of  Mareh  is  elegantly  (BU.)  or  (2)  another  mountain  more 

calUd  *  tlM  fcnale  Calends/  because  on  immediately  over-hanging  the  town.  Virg. 

tya  daylsUlhe  Matronalia,  instituted  in  JE.  vi.  9  sqq.  (HY.)  or  (3)  Vesuvius, 

of  the  women  for  their  meri-  which  is  forther  than  Misenus,  but  more 

aartiOBa  in  putting  an  end  to  the  an  object  of  alarm.  V.  Flac  ii.  620.  iv. 

war.   On  this  festival  (as  well  as  509.  (BU.  H.)  Sil.  xvii.  592  sqq.    It 

Od  tbor  birth-days)  the  ladies  sat  up  in  was  famous  for  its  vines  .*  Flor.  I.  xvi.  5. 

atiM  to  receive  from  their  husbands,  ad-  Virg.  G.  ii.  224.  Mart.  IV.  xliv.  R. 

ttiifOfB,  mad  friends,  snch  presents  as  were  Gautui,  '  hollow  with  volcanic    ca* 

pocaliarly  adapted  to  tiieir  sex.  G.  VS.  M.  vems,'  rs.was  another  Campanian  moun- 

aina  teimiaUhis  dabat  virit  apophortta,  tain  celebrated  for  wine,  Plin.  xiv.  3. 6. 9. 

ita  et  Calendu  Mitrtu  /minis;    Suet.  LU.  Stat  S.  III.  i.  147.  v.  99.  IV.  ui. 

Vesn.l9.Hor.IIIOd.viii.l.OT.  F.iii.  65.   now  'Monte    Barbaro;'   R.   near 

Tib.  IIL  i.  PR.  Mart.  V.  Ixxxiv.  10  sq.  Pnteoli.  PR. 


2d2  THE  SATIRES  sat.  ix. 

Nam  quis  plura  Unit  victaro  dolia  musto  ? 
Quantum  erat  exhausti  lumbos  donare  clientis 

60  Jugeribus  paucis  ?  Meliusne  hie  nisticus  in&nSi 
Cum  matre  et  casulis  et  collusore  catello^ 
Cymbala  pulsantis  legatum  fiet  amici  ? 
<  Improbus  es,  quum  poscis,'  ais :  sed  pensio  clamat, 
PoscE :  sed  appellat  puer  unicus,  ut  Polyphemi 

65  Lata  acies,  per  quam  sellers  evasit  Ulixes. 

Alter  emendus  erit;  namque  hie  non  sufficit:  ambo 
Pascendi.     Quid  agam  bnnna  ?  spirante,  quid,  oro. 
Quid  dicam  scapulis  puerorum  Aquilone  Decembri 
Et  pedibus  ? — *  durate  atque  exspectate  cicadas' — ? 

70  Verum,  ut  dissimules,  ut  mittas  cetera,  quanto 
Metlrb  pretio,  quod,  ni  tibi  deditus  essem 
Devotusque  cliens,  uxor  tua  virgo  inaneret  ? 
Scis  certe,  quibus  ista  modis,  quam  ssepe  rogaris, 
Et  quae  pollicitus.     Fugientem  ssepe  puellam 

75  Amplexu  rapui :  tabulas  quoque  ruperat,  et  jam 
Signabat     Tota  vix  hoc  ego  nocte  redemi, 

58.  '  Stops  down'  with  clay,  plaster,        65.  SolUn;  O?.  Pont.  IV.  xiv.  35. 
wax,  pitch,  or  resin.  LU,  Pers.  iv.  29.        Duplex;  Hor.  I  Od.  ti.  7.  A.  wwiJ- 
PR.  note  on  v.  30.  R.  r(49r*r  Horn.  Od.  A  I.  LU, 

'  Which  will  last/   VS,  beiog  very  67.  Bruma;  vi.  153.  Pen.  y'u  I.  PR. 

sparingly  bestowed.  M.  68.  *  The  wintry   north-wind :'  that 

Thedatifemtotoispntfor  the  genitiTe.  which  blew  in  the  summer  was  called 

jR.  mtisttim  is  '  new  wine' just  fresh  from  IrwriWf.  Plin.  ii.  47.  49.  xriii.  34.  X. 

the  press.  PR.  Virg.  G.  ii.  7.  69.  '  Wait  for  the  grasshoppeiB,'  t.  c 

59.  '  The  loins;'  vi.  314.  R.  '  wait  till  next  summer.'  VS.  Plin.  ii. 

60.  "  Sure  yonder  female  with  the  26  sq.  PR.  cf.  Xirg.  JE.  i.  207.  (HIT.) 
child  she  bred.  The  dog  [cur,  M.]  their  Suet.  Cal.  45.  R. 

playmate,  and  their  bttfe  shed,  Had  with        72.  '  Owing  to  your  impotency.'  Jf. 
more  justice  been  conferr'd  on  me.  Than        73.  hta  *  those  senrices.*  R.  it.  58  «}• 

on  a  cymbal*  beating  debauchee  f"  O.  and  notes. 

62.  '  A  priest  of  Cybele,*  a  bird  of  the        74.  *  Your  youi^  wife,'  ii.  59.  IL 
same  feather,  cf.  Ti.  516.  viii.  176.  PR.  '  when  she  would  have  absconded.'  VS* 
Pers.  V.  186.  M.  75.  '  I  caught  in  my  arms  and  brooght 

63.  '  Rent  now  due.'  VS.  back.'  LU. 

64.  '  My  only  slave  is  not  equal  to  his  '  She  had  already  cancelled  the  mar- 
work  ;  and  that  is  another  reason  for  my  riage  contract,'  (in  which  there  used  to 
importunitv :  for,  should  I  lose  him,  I  be  an  express  statement  Ubirmum  pr9' 
am  as  badly  off  as  Polyphcme,  when  he  cr^mdorum  gratia  uxorem  duei^  BR.,) 
lost  his  sole  eye.  Had  nature  blessed  '  and  a  fresh  one  was  in  process  of  sisna- 
him  with  a  pair,  Ulysses  would  not  have  ture.'  LU.  ii.  119.  Thin  '  tableir  of 
6rst  blinded  and  then  baffled  him.'  FA.  wood  were  used,  M.  and  these  were 
cf.  Hyg.  F.  125.  Virg.  JE.  iii.  613  sqq.  broken  when  a  divorce  took  place,  cf. 
(HK.)  LU.  Horn.  Od.  1 181  sqq.  Ov.  M.  Tac.  An.  xi.  30.  {LL)  R. 

xiii.  772  sqq.  Cic.  N.  D.  ii.  1 42.  PR.  Eur.        76.  <  It  cost  me  a  Vhole  nifffat'  LU. 
Cy.  A.  Note  on  ipSmXfiit*  Her.  i.  114.      <<  to  set  this  matter  right.  White  yoa 


SAT.  IX.  OF  JUVENAL.  2^3 

Te  plorante  foris.  Testis  mihi  lectulus  et  tu, 
Ad  quern  pervenit  lecti  sonus  et  dominse  vox. 
Instabile  ac  dirimi  cceptum  et  jam  psene  solutum 

80  Conjugium  in  multis  dotnibus  servavit  adulter  ! 
Quo  te  circumagas,  quae  prima  aut  ultima  ponas; 
Nullum  ergo  meritum  est,  ingrate  ac  perfide,  nullum, 
Quod  tibi  filiolus,  quod  filia  nascitur  ex  me  ? 
Tollis  enim  et  libris  aetorum  spargerc  gaudes 

85  Argumenta  viri.     Foribus  suspende  coronas, 

Jam  pater  es :  dedimus,  quod  famse  opponere  possis  : 
Jura  parentis  babes,  propter  me  scriberis  heres, 

stood  whimpering  at  the  door,"   G.  *  in  calumny.*  DM.   Lucil.  £p.   vii.  in  Br. 

dread  of  dttgrace  and  divorce.'  LU,  An.  R, 

77.  Cat.  ?i.  6 — 11.  Ov.  Am.  III.  zIt.  87.  This  and  the  following  lines  can 
25  sq.  Aiclep.  Ep.  iivii.  1 1  sq.  in  Br.  only  be  understood  by  a  reference  to  the 
An.  R.  Lex  Papia  PopptBa,  (already  mentioned 

78.  DomituB ;  vi.  30.  R,  understand  in  the  sixth  Satire,)  which  was  intro- 
fjirgiMig.  VS.  duced  at  the  desire  of  Augustus,  for  the 

For  :  cf.  vi.  64  sq.  Hor.  Ep.  zii.  11.  sake  of  extending  the  provisions  of  the 

Rm  Lex  Julia  de  maritandis  ordiitibus.     By 

79.  '  The  intervention  of  a  substitute  this  law,  it  was  provided  amongst  other 
hr  the  hoiband  has  arrested  the  progress  things;  (1)  that  persons  living  in  a  state 
of  many  a  divorce.*  LU.  of  celibacy  should  not  succeed  to  an  in- 

81«  *  Whatever  miserable  shifts  you  heritance,  except  in  cases  of  very  near 
■aj  adopt,  whatever  you  may  reckon  relationship,  unless  they  married  within 
fint  or  last,  pray  is  it  no  merit,  &c'  /{.  a  hundred  days  of  the  death  of  the  testa- 
Vino  wia  10  hard  preaed  that  he  could  tor :  (2)  that,  if  a  married  person  had  no 
hC  knanr  which  way  to  turn  himself.  M.  child,  a  tenth  part,  and,  in  some  cases,  a 

QfUi  tatftiis  anUferamf  Virg.  M.  iv.  much  greater  proportion  of  what  was  be- 

371.  LU.  queathed  him,  should  fall  to  the  exche* 

84.  Teiik ;  vi.  38,  note.  R.  cjuer.     Virro  was  no  longer  in  this  situa- 
In  the  temple  of  Saturn  there  were  tion  ;  he  had  a  child,  and  was,  therefore, 

piibfie  ifgistors  kept,  in  which  parents  capable  of  the  *  whole  beciuest.'  (3)  That 

vera  obliged  to  insert  the  names  of  their  those  who  at  Rome  had  t  n  re  e  children 

chiUiefi  a  few  days  after  their  births,  lawfully  bom  in  wedlock,  (in  the  other 

Then  rcgisten  were  open  to  all ;  and  as  parts  of  Italy  f  o  ur,  and  in  the  provinces 

they  coaiained,  beudes,  records  of  mar-  f  i  ve,)  should  be  entitled  to  various  pri- 

riigct,  divoroea,  deaths,  and  other  occur-  vileges  and  immunities,  of  which  the 

ifMta  of  the  year,  they  were  of  great  principal  were,  an  exemption  from  the 

iapofftaoee  to  the  historian  and  the  anti-  trouble  of  wardship,  a  priority  in  bearing 

qaaiy.  G.  BR.     Seivios  Tuliius  esta-  offices,  and  a  treble  proportion  of  grain 

bfidMd  the  practioe.  LJ.  ii.  136.  LU.  on  the  customary  distributions.  'V^futwf 

Sp^rgen  '  to  inaert  at  intervals.*  vXXt)  yofulSn  »mi  ytnS^nt  wx  1f»  «>>«- 

85.  '  The  proofe  of  your  manhood.'  ^fifMut  t^^^n  cXX'  7»c  rnXn^^vfuTf  ^uvmw- 
DM.  rm-     Flut.     What  Juvenal  calls*  wind. 

The  birth  of  a  child  was  announced  falls'  (caduea)    were  those   unexpected 

hv  cbapleu  being  hung  up  at  the  door  ;  legacies  which  were  left  a  person  on  cer- 

DU.  ai  was  naoal  on  other  festive  occa-  tain  conditions,  such  as  those  of  being 

■oat.  Jf.  vi.  51.iS.  married,  having  children,  &c.   ^nriiich 

86.  DidimHi  i.  #.  your  lady  and  I.  were  all  settled  by  the  same  law,)  and 
M.  on  failure  of  these  conditions  came  to 

'  Yoa  may  now  defy  the  breath  of    another  party  named  by  the  testator,  on 

2h 


234  THE  SATIRES  sat.  ix. 

Legatum  omne  capis  nee  non  et  dulce  caducum. 
Commoda  praeterca  jungentur  multa  caducis, 

90  Si  numerum,  si  tres  implevero.^     Justa  doloris, 
Nasvole,  causa  tui.     Contra  tamen  ille  quid  affert? 

^'  Negligit  atque  alium  bipedem  sibi  quaerit  aaellum. 
Haec  soli  commissa  tibi  celare  memento 
Et  tacitus  nostras  intra  te  fige  querelas. 

95  Nam  res  mortifera  est  inimicus  pumice  levis. 
Qui  modo  secretum  commiserat,  ardet  et  odit^ 
Tamquam  prodiderim,  quidquid  scio.     Sumere  ferrum, 
Fuste  aperire  caput,  candelam  apponere  valvis 
Non  dubitat.     Nee  contemnas  aut  despicias,  quod 

100  His  opibus  numquam  cara  est  annona  veneni. 
Ergo  occulta  tegcs,  ut  curia  Martis  Athenis." 
O  Corydon,  Corydon,  secretum  divitis  uUum 
Esse  putas  ?     Servi  ut  taceant,  jumenta  loquuntur 
Et  canis  et  postes  et  marmora.     Claude  fenestras, 

105  Vela  tegant  rimas,  jungc  ostia,  tollito  lumen 

E  medio ;  clamant  omnes.     Prope  nemo  recumbat : 

like  terms :  in  default  of  which  the  whole  their  decisions  viva  voce,  but  by  lettcn  : 

went  to  the  prince.  The  avowed  purpose  Pers.  iv.  13.  Macr.  vii.  1.  U  tim^  mm} 

of  these  and  similar  clauses,  was  to  pro*  rxirtv  )<»«^«c;r«y,  m§  ftii  1$  r«tv  Xiy«»r«r» 

mote  population,  at  a  time  when  Italy  cXX'  it  ra  kty'/ufm  4lr«/3xiflr«Mf*     Luc. 

had  been  thinned  by  a  long  succession  of  Herni.  64.  PJi.     It  was  a  capital  cntam 

civil  wars  ;  and  certainly  they  were  well  to  divulge  their  votes.  M.    Areum^  /icdi- 

calculated  to  answer  the  end.  They  were,  eium  ;  Tac.  An.  ii.  55.  Paus.  i.  28.  (JS>) 

however,  abused,  like  every  other  salu-  M\.  V.  H.  v.  15.  (PER.)  R,  Soph.  (E. 

tary  regulation;  and  the  most  important  C.  1001. 

of  them,  the  jus  trium  Uberorum  (or  the  102.  AhCcrydon,  Ctfrj^don*  OHdr  te  i^ 

privilege  annexed  to  having  three  chil-  tneiUia  cejott  /  Virg.E.  ii.  69.  Lu.i6. 1  aq. 

dren)  was  freauently  granted  not  only  to  M.  and  56.  Petr.  fr.  ix.  io  WE,  Poet.  L. 

those  who  bad  no  children,  but  even  to  M.  Sarisb.  Pol.  iii.  12.  R. 

those  who  were  never  married  !  priviUgia  103.  *'  Curse  not  the  king,  no,  nolin 

parentum ;  Tac.  A. iii.  25 — 28.  (LI.)  ii.  thy  thought;  and  curse  not  the  ricli  in 

51.  XV.  19.  Dio  liii.  13.  Gell.  ii.  15.  Suet  thy  bedchamber :  for  a  bird  of  tba  air 

Aug.44.  Mart.ll.  xci.sq.  (RD.)vi.  38,  shall  carry  the  voice,  and  that  whidk 

note.  LO.  LU,  FA.  PR,  KN,  M,  R.  G,  hath  wings  shall  tell  the  matter ;"  EccL 

95.  Cf.  viii.  16.  PR,    *  Beneath  their  x.  20.  M.  cf.  Prop.  I.  zviii.  4.  Cat.  fi. 
smooth  exterior  oft  lurks  deadly  enmity.'  1,(D(E,)  R, 

96.  Cf.  iii.  49_52. 1 13.  M.  104.  '<  The  stone  shall  crv  oat  of  the 

97.  '  He  scruples  not  to  employ  the  wall,  and  the  beam  oat  of  the  timber 
poignard,  the  cIud,  the  firebrand  or  poi-  shall  answer  it;"  Hab.  ii.  11.  PA. 

son  against  the  life  of  the  man  he  hates.'        105.  Vela.  cf.  vi.  228.  Mart.  L  zxxv. 

VS.  xiii-  145  sq.  LC7.  5  sqq.  XI.  xlvi.  3  sqq.  K. 

101.  "A^Mf    ^rayt,  where  a  jury  of        Junge,  cf.  Hor.  I  Od.  xxv.  1.  R. 
twelve  gods  acquitted  Mars  of  the  murder        Ottia.  cf.  Cic.  N.  D.  ii.  27.  R. 
of  a  son  of  Neptune.  VS.  FA.  LU.  Plin.        106.  '  Yet  all  would  crv  aload.' 
vii.  56.    The  judges  did  not  pronotioce        '  Near*  the  chamber.  R. 


SAT.  IX.  OF  JUVENAL.  235 

Quod  taxnen  ad  cantum  galli  facit  ille  secundi, 
Proximus  ante  diem  caupo  sciet;  audiet  et,  quae 
Finxerunt  pariter  librarius,  archimagiri, 

1 10  Carptores.    Quod  enim  dubitant  componere  crimen 
Id  dominos,  quoties  rumoribus  ulciseuntur 
Baltea?  Nee  deerit,  qui  te  per  compita  quaerat 
Nolentem  et  miseram  vinosus  inebriet  aurem. 
lUos  ergo  roges,  quidquid  paulo  ante  petebas 

115  A  nobis.     Taceant  illi:  sed  prodere  malunt 
Arcanum,  quam  subrepti  potare  Falemi, 
Pro  populo  faciens  quantum  Saufeia  bibebat. 
Vivendum  recte  est,  cum  propter  plurima,  tum  his 

107.  '  The  teoood  cock-crowiDg'  was  '  Some   losufTerable   bore,  who    has 

between  Didnigfat  and  break  of   day.  sacked  id  the  scandal  with  his  wine,  and 

Compare  St  Mark  ziv.  30.  72.  with  xt.  has  been  kind  enough  to  hunt  you  out, 

1.   Soakspeare  speaks  of  "  the   first  will  now  drench  your  hapless  ear  with 

oodL;"  K.  H.  IT.  pt.  i.  A.  A.  II.  sc.  the  sickening  tale.'  LU. 

L  cC  Hor.  X  S.  i.  10.  M.  Cic.  Div.  113.  The  French  say,  "  il  m'  eniore 

n.  26.  or  57.  Plin.  x.  21  i  24.  RH,  d*  ton  eaquet."    *  To  drink  a  thing  in 

sir.  13.  Macr.   S.  i.  3.  PR.    ¥ama  with  the  ears'  is  not  an  unusual  meta* 

■■!■■  4^.  Virg.  M,  iv.  174  sqq.  R,  phor.  Ov.  SCH.  Prop.  III.  vi.  Hor.  II 

106.  '  Will  know'  from  tell-Ule  ser-  Od.  ziii.  M,  cf.  I  S.  ix.  14  sqq.  R. 

¥aots.  PR.    The  taverns  at  Rome,  like  114.  '  Those  servants.'  LU. 

oar  coffet-boMes,  were  the  g^eat  marts  Quidquid  ;  cf.  93  »qc\,  LU. 

tar  news.    Being  opened  at  an  early  115.  Ov))*  yk^  ^Sratf   ti^b   M^tt^Mt 

bosr,  tlwy  were  probably  the  resort  of  l^v,  its  r«  XmXuf  ixxtr^m'    Phil.  Fr. 

iko  liead  ferrants  lo  great  families,  before  G. 

tbor  lords  were  stirring.    They  get  to-  116.  **  Stolen  waters  are  sweet,  and 

'  to  take  a  morning    whet,  and  bread  eaten  in  secret  is  pleasant ;"  Prov. 

I  tbemseWes  by  inventing  lies  against  is .  1 7 .  P  /?. 

DMlor.  M,  Arist.  R.  749  sqq.  117. '  Sacrificing  to  Bona  Dea,'facere; 

109.  Librarhu,  vi.  476,  note  :    PR.  Virg.  £.  iii.  77.  VS.  LU.  operari ;    G.  i. 

*  tbo  book-keeper;'  t.  «.  '  the  steward.'  339.  cf.  xii.  92.    Thus  the  Greek  fi^M 

M.   Or  *  the  secretary.'  R.  and  the  Hebrew  nit^y  are  used  absolutely, 

ll^*  *^  *^^''  ^.^  ,«                .  in  the  same  sense.  M.    Cic.  Mur.  41.  arf 

•i^^'J^'^*^"'  ''•^^*'°^*'-**'  Brut.  14.    Att.i.  12.    Leg.  ii.  9.     Sen. 

*^^«rP?;  .              .^          ,  ^.     ,r  Ep-  97.  R.  [Livy  xxii,  10,  5.  ED.] 

'"   M    ^'"'^  *  ***^S''    ^'^'  ^^'''  This  Saufeia,  who  turned  a  religious 

"**•?.*   «^M..                             ,r  ceremony  into  a  drinking-bout,  was  raen- 

III.  Iilfibabus  itrvtt  movere  labra  ne  Uoned,  vi. 320.  The  Roman  ladies  were 

m  hce  fmrf<m,  tit  loquantur,  lieet ;  virga  ^  ^nj  ^f  strong  liquor,  (cf.  xii.  45.) 

mrnrmmr  nmmr  competeUur  et  ne  fartutta  ^^^^^  q-^^^^^  thought  it  expedient,  in  the 

^Mdrm  wirbmbuM  exeepta  $unt ;  $tejit,  ut  regulaUon  of  his  imaginary  republic,  to 

ufi  dr  damintt  loquantur    qu^t  coram  prohibit  their  officiating  at  any  of  the 

dmmao  laqui  non  iicrt ;  Sen.  Ep.  47.  if.  ,acred  rites.  (^%  which  wine  was  always 

^5*^  l^»^6MUu^,UmfKmra^aw»,fuu  uggj  )  ^ftcr  night-fall.    The  only  excep- 

AiM^  »f  otrwinf    Anst.  R.  747.     In  ij^^  j,g  made  was  this  before  us  to  Bnua 

aXkmion  to  thistnck  of  servants.  Menan-  jy^^.   ^^^  ^e  see  how  it  was  abused  ! 

der  calls  them  •  tongue-shielded'  yXmr-  nocturna   muUeritm   sacrificia   ne  sunto, 


.-.     '.£*  .  .      1  *  prttterolla,qva  propo  pulo  ritefiant. 

112.  '  The  strappings  received  from    i^u^  q^ 

tbe  MU*  VS.  I'le/  '•  Abstain    from    fleshly   lusU, 


236  THE  SATIRES  sat.  ix. 

Prsecipue  causis,  ut  linguas  mancipiorum 
120  Contemnas :  nam  lingua  mali  pars  pessima  aervi. 
Deterior  tamen  hie,  qui  liber  non  erit  illis, 
Quorum  animas  et  farre  suo  custodit  et  aere* 

«  fldcirco  ut  possim  linguam  contemnere  servi,t 
Utile  consilium  modo,  sed  commune,  dedisti : 
125  Nunc  mihi  quid  suades  post  damnum  temporis  et  spes 
Deceptas  ?  Festinat  enim  decurrere  velox 
Flosculus  angustae  miseraeque  brevissima  vitae 
Portio :  dum  bibimus,  dum  serta,  unguenta,  puellas 
Poscimus,  obrepit  non  intellecta  senectus." 
130  Ne  trepida:  numquam  pathicus  tibi  deerit  amicus, 
Stantibus  et  salvis  his  coUibus ;  undique  ad  illos 

which  war  against  the  soul ;  having  your  ^fint  »«^«f ,  U»f  r    W)  yih  mShmrmt 

conversation  honest  among  the  Gentiles :  iiiXtoft  and  ^y^i*  r^f  Sifitit  yiyuwm  St^ 

that  whereas  they  speak  against  you  as  flr«xU,   lri^»  3*  Sitnn^v  IwixSif    yn^' 

evil  doers,  they  may,  by  your  good  works  Mimner. ii.  7 sq.  and  i.  4 sqq.  eoUige,  virgo, 

which  they  sliall  behold,  glorify  God;"  rosa&dumjlosnovn$etnovapulfei,et 


1  St  Peter  ii.  11  sq.  iii.  16.  3l.  conscia  e^to  tBVum  tic  praperare  tuum!    Anson. 

mens  recti  fama  mendacia  ridet ;  Ov.  F.  G. 

iv.  311.  R,  Breve etirreparabiUtempu9  0wtnibu$ 

121.  Tt  was  the  maxim  of  the  Stoics,  est  vita  ;  Virg.  JE.  x.  467  sq.  VS. 

that  TeivTtf  Maxtii  ^duAM-  cf.  Hor.  II  S.  128.  Wisdom  ii.  I — 9.  Hor.  I  Od.  zi. 

vii.  81-- 94.  I  Ep.  zvi.  63—68.  R.  7.  xzzvui.  II.  vii.  6  sqq.  III.  zzix.  Plat. 

122.  Animas ;  vi.  601.  xv.  94.  R,  Q.  Conv.  iii.  I.  PR.  M.  R. 

The  monthly  allowance  to  a  slave  was  Unguenta  ;  vi.  303.  xi.  122.  Or.  Her. 

four  (Donat.  on  Tcr.  Phor.  I.  i.  9.)  or  xv.  76.  (BC/.)  Call,  in  Apoll.  38  tqq. 

five  (Sen.  Ep.  80.)  measures  of  corn,  (SP.)  R. 

and  as  many  denarii,  cf.  vii.  120.  R,  Puellas  ;  xi.  162.  R. 

124.  '  The  advice  you  have  given  is  129.  Tarda  per  membra  senectut  urpii ; 

excellent,  but  it  is  general.     Pray,  what  Lucr.  i.  415.  Lbitur  occuUe  falUtque  o»- 

would  you  recommend  in  my  own  par-  latitis  atas;  Ov.  M.  x.  519.   F.  Tk  771. 

ticular  case?'  PR.  obrepit  adoleicentiiE  teneetut ;  Cic  Sen.  2. 

1 26.  Isaiah  xi.  6  ftq.  St  James  i.  10  sq.  auctumno  obrepit  htfems ;  Lucil.  JEta, 237. 
1  St  Peter  i.  24.  M.  Hor.  I  Od.  iv.  21  sqq.  Solon.  Ep.  xiii.  10.  Mimn.  iv.  4.  in  Br. 
xi.  6sqq.  II.  xi.  5 sqq.  xiv.  1  sqq.  IV.  vii.  An.  t.  i.  p.  61  and  70.  obrepdt  nom  inttl* 
14  sqq.  cf.  note  on  Pers.  v.  153.  This  lecta  senectus,  nee  revocare  ptHm,  fici 
passage  is  overloaded  with  epithets :  and  periere,  dies  ;  Aus.  Ep.  xiii.  3  sq.  A. 
has,  besides,  a  mixture  of  metaphors ;  as  •'  Let's  take  the  instant  by  the  forward 
£  viredvf  Kari^Xt^t  ri  flr^}v  0ftUt\w  top ;  For  we  are  old,  and  on  our  quick'it 
&9i»t'  Rufin.  Ep.  viii.  6.  in  Br.  An.  decrees  Th'  inaudible  and  noiselesB  foot 
t.  ii.  p.  392.  R.  Where  metaphors  from  of  time  Steals  ere  we  can  effect  them  ;*' 
frequent  use  have  become  naturalized  as  Shakspeare,  All's  well  that  ends  we11« 
it  were,  this  inaccurate  combination  of  V.  iii.  G. 

figures  is  not  unusual ;  J  A,  as  in  Lucr.  i.  130.  *  Fear  not :   your's  is  a  never- 

645.  failing  trade.'  LU, 

Decurrere.    r^ix'f    »(fi»r*t   ya^  «Tc  131.  '  The  seven  hills,'  vtt.  the  Pa- 

fii»r»f  T^ix*'  »('^'«'^('('   Anacr.  iv.  7  sq.  latine,  Tarpeian  or  Capitoline,  Viminal, 

Hor.  ii  Od.  V.  13.  (Br.  Mir)  R.  Aveniine,  Esquiline,  Ccelian,  and  Vati- 

127.  Flosciilutr  &uf*mi»9  M»f  £^m$-  can;  VS.  there  were  two  other  hills,  tb« 
Anacr.  xxziv.  4.  a^itt  nfiuf  Si^rt  nv/iaint,  Quirinal  and  Janiculus.  cf.  Mart.  IV. 
Pind.  P.  iv.  281.  R.  fininiet  }\  yiynrmi  Ixiv.  Prop.  IV.  iv.  PR.  tL  296.  A. 


SAT.  IX.  OF  JUVENAL.  237 

Convenient  et  carpentb  et  navibus  omnes, 
Qui  digito  scalpunt  uno  caput.     Altera  major 
Spes  Buperest :  tu  tantum  erucis  imprime  dentem. 

135  "  Haec  exempla  para  felicibus:  at  mea  Clotho 
Et  Lachesis  gaudent,  si  pascitur  inguine  venter. 
0  parvi  nostrique  Lares,  quos  thure  minuto 
Aut  farre  et  tenui  soleo  exorare  corona, 
Quando  ego  figam  aliquid,  quo  sit  mihi  tuta  senectus 

'^'^O  A  tegete  et  baculo?  Viginti  millia  fenus 
Pigneribus  positis,  argenti  vascula  puri, 
Sed  quae  Fabricius  censor  notet,  et  duo  fortes 
De  grege  Moesorum,  qui  me  cervice  locata 
Securum  jubeant  clamoso  insistere  Circo. 

^45  Sit  mihi  praeterea  cunrus  cselator  et  alter, 


132. '  In  wagoo-loads  and  ship-loads.*  prey  with  arrows  or  a  spear :  PR.  but 

133.  '  Effeminate  creatures,  who,  for  cf.  z.  55.  RU. 

of  discomposing  their  curls,  never  140.  '  From  beggary/  tegete;   v.  8. 

>eotiize  to  scratch  their  head  with  more  RU.   bacub;    *  a  crutch.'  M.    cf.  Ter. 

Usui  a  nngle  finger/  digito  caput  uno  Heaut.  V.  i.  58. 'A. 

acsaijpti :      quid    eredtu    hine    fibi    vetle  *  Twenty  thousand  sestertii  (s=  £160) 

Jfirum  7  Calf,  on  Pompey  in  Sen.  Contr.  for  interest  upon  money  lent  on  good 

ni.  19.  PO.  Amm.  Marc.  XVIT.  zi.  4.  security.'  M. 

Ant.   Pomp.  48.  vf  htttruXf  A»^f  rJh»  Pnri ;  x.  19.  *  not  embossed.'  T. 

MwUhu   Lucian;  Sen.  £p.  52.  142.  When  C.  Fafrrtciiu  Ltuctnui  was 


^JL  Jalian  Csess.  p.  171.  (6P.)  R.  censor  (A.  U.  478.)  et  Uv'n  argenti  la- 

134.  Plin.    z.   43.  zliii.   10.   ziz.  8.  mina  crimen  erat ;  Ov.  F.  i.  208.    He  re- 

(  HAm"^  Mart.  III.  Ixxv.  3.  X.  zWiii.  10.  moved  from  the  senate  P.  Corn.  Rufious, 

(  iLBf.)  SCH.  Colum.  z.  108  sq.   372.  who  had  been  twice  consul   and  once 

Ot.  R.  a.  799.  PR,    The  '  rocket'  (or  dictator,  because  he  had  in  his  possession 

*  crvDgo/O.)  possessed  highly  stimulating  more  than  ten  pounds  weight  of  plate, 

mud  inmorating  qualities.  M.  A nthol.  vi.  Liv.  V.   Maz.  li.  9.   Gell.  iv.  8.  LU. 

^6.  (B(7.)  Virg.  Mor.  86.  (J5.)  R,  xvii.  21.  PR.  Tert.  Apol.  6.  Sen.  V.  B. 

136.  Cf.  iii.  27,  note.  PR.   *  My  des-  21.  Plut.  Sul.  Plin.  zxxiii.  9  i  54.  R. 
^aJes*  (note  on  viii.  105.  R.)  *  would  be        143.  Maesia,  now  Bulgaria  and  Ser- 
>^ill  content,  if  by  my  vile  practices  I  can  via,   PR.    was   famous  for  its  brawny 
^ani  a  bare  subsistence/ I'll.  Mart.  TL.  chairmen.    LU.    i.   64,    note.    M.    cf. 

137.  The   words  pom,  minuto,  and  Mart.  IX.  zziii.  9.   Pers.  vi.  77.  i7. 
^mnui  are  all  indicative  of  the  poverty  of        '  Their  necks  being  placed  under  me' 
^iBvolut.  LU.  R.  LU,  or '  being  given  up  to  my  accommo* 

Lares;  TiiL  14,  note.  PR.  zii.  87  sqq.  dation.'  //. 
ff.  Ov.  M.  viii.  637.  (H.)  Virg.  M.  viii.         144.  '  Under  no  apprehension  from 

1.  (HY.)  Hot.  I  Ep.  vii.  58.  (BY.)  the  crowd.'  SCH.   For  the  Romans  con- 

L  III  Od.  xziii.  (ML)  M.  tinued  in  their  litters  and  sedans  to  see 

138.  Kuma  inUituit  deos  frvge  colere,  the  games.  LL 
■mla  eaUa  svppiiairc,  et  far  torrere ;         '  I'he  noisy  Circus :    raucus   Circus  ; 

^lin.  zi.  2.  LU.  if.  zii.  87  sq.  parvoi  coro-  viii.  59.  R. 

''*mit€m  wuuino  rare  deos fragilique  myrto;         145.  '  Bending  over  his  work,'  LU, 

Hor.  Ill  Od.  zxiiL  15  so.  R.  cf.  £zud.  xzviii.  23.  M. 

139.  Fipum ;  a  metaphor  from  hunt-        *  A  seal-engraver  and  working  silver- 
ing, in  which  the  sportsman  transBxes  his  smith.'  VS. 


238 


THE  SATIRES  OF  JUVENAL.        sat.  ix. 


Qui  multas  fiicies  pingat  cito.     Sufficiunt  haec, 
Quando  ego  pauper  ero.    Votum  miserabile  nee  spes 
His  saltern :  nam,  quum  pro  me  Fortuna  rogatur, 
Affigit  ceras  ilia  de  nave  petitas, 
150  Quae  Siculos  cantus  efiugit  remige  surdo." 


:( 


*  A  ai^-piioter,  who  will  soon  daub 
me  a  row  of  family  portraits.'  SA,  cf. 
▼iu.  2,  note.  M. 

146.  '  But  that  is  enough ;  I  need 
wish  for  nothing  further;  since  I  shall 
be  a  poor  man  ul  my  life.'  LU.  PR, 

148.  *  Fortune  turns  a  deaf  ear  to  my 
prayers.'  Ulysses  by  the  advice  of  Circe 
stopped  the  ears  of  bis  crew  with  wax, 
that  they  might  not  hear  the  songs  of  the 
Sirens  which  would  have  lowered  them  to 
their  destruction.  He  had  fiimielf  tied  on 
to  the  mast  of  the  vessel.  Hyg.  125.  LU. 
FA.  Hom.  Od.  M  39  soq.  166. 200.  PR. 


rk  Zrm'   rmrtirf  s^^  f/km»»  mirk,  iJit 
m^  'oWftiv  r§ii  lrmt^§9i  I3^«#s  Hu  rSf 

Luc.*£ri#».  21.  R. 

150.  The  three  Sirens  were  dangfaten 
of  the  Achelous  aod  the  nymph  Calliope. 
O?.  M.  V.  555.  The  rocks  on  which  they 
dwelt  were  near  tlie  promontory  of  Pelonu 
in  Sicily,  cf.  Plin.  z.  49.  Cic.  de  Fin.  v. 
49.  Ath.  i.  12.  PR.  Virg.  i£.  v.  864 
sqq.  ApoUod.  I.  iii.  4.  ix.  25.  (HY.) 
Sil.  xii.  33  sqq.  xiv.  473  sqq.  HER^ 
Myth.  t.  i.  p.  376.  R. 


SATIRE    X. 


ARGUMENT. 
'Hie  subject  of  this  iiniUble  Satire  is  the  Vanity  of  Human  Wishes.    Such 
"  Uie  absurdity  of  mankind  in  this  respect,  that  ^e  can  wonder  neither 
^  tile  laughter  of  Democritus,  nor  at  the  tears  of  Heraclitus.  28 — 55. 

T^  Poet  takes  his  stand  on  the  great  theatre  of  the  world,  and  summons 
before  him  the  illustrious  characters  of  all  ages :  Cassius  Longinus  and 
Seneca,  16.  Sejanus,  63.  the  first  Triumvirate,  108.  Demosthenes  and 
Cicero,  114.  Hannibal,  147.  Alexander,  168.  Xerxes,  179.  Nestor,  246. 

Peleus,  256.  Laertes,  257.  Priam,  258.  Hecuba,  271.  Mithridates,  273. 

CroBsus,  274.  Marius,  276.  Pompey,  283.  Lucretia,  293.  Virginia,  294. 

Hippolytus  and  Bellerophon,  325.  and  C.  Silius,  330. 

As  they  appear  in  succession,  he  shows,  from  the  principal  events  of  their 
lives,  how  little  happiness  is  promoted  by  the  attainment  of  what  our 
indistinct  and  bounded  views  represent  as  the  most  perfect  of  earthly 
blessings.  1 — 11. 

Of  these  he  instances  Wealth,  12 — 27.  Power,  56 — 113.  Eloquence, 
114_132.  Military  Glory,  133—187.  Longevity,  188—288.  and  Personal 
Accomplishments ;  289 — 345.  all  of  which  have,  as  he  observes,  proved 
dangerous  or  destructive  to  their  respective  possessors. 

Hence,  he  argues  the  wisdom  of  acquiescing  in  the  dispensations  of  Heaven ; 
and  concludes  with  a  form  of  prayer,  in  which  he  points  out,  with  great 
force  and  beauty,  the  objects  for  which  a  rational  being  may  presume 
to  approach  the  Almighty.  346 — 366. 

Juvenal  probably  had  the  second  Alcibiades  of  Plato,  and  the  second  Satire 
of  Persius,  in  his  thoughts ;  he  has  taken  nothing  from  them,  however, 
but  the  general  idea ;  the  filling  up  is  entirely  his  own,  and  it  is  done 
with  a  boldness  of  imagery,  and  with  an  awful  and  impressive  sublimity 
of  style  and  manner,  of  which  it  would  perhaps  be  difficult  to  find 
another  example  in  any  composition  merely  human.  O.  R.  D. 

The  same  subject  has  been  handled  by  Lucian,  (Icarom.  p.  205.  and  Navig. 
s.  Vota  p.  491.  t.  ii.  ed.  OR^,)  Aristotle  and  other  Greeks,  (n^}  ti^nf) 
Xenophon,  (Mem.  I.  iii.  1.)  V.  Maximus,  VII.  ii.  est,  1.  R.  Epictetus, 
(Enchir.)  HN,  and  by  Dr.  Johnson  in  his  celebrated  imitation.  The 
Vanity  of  Human  Wishes.  Af. 


l\ 


OF  JUVENAL. 


pi6sits  periit  admir^digque  lacertis. 
1  plures  nimia  c^^ests  pucunia  ciira 
rangulat  et  ctii»cf«*aapcrans  patrimonia  cctigus, 
bitanto  delpliitus  bala^kflJiritanniea  major, 
("emporifcis  diris  jgitiir  jusajque  Xeronis 
Llonginum  et  magnos  Scn^^  jir^ivitis  hortas 
^u^it  ct  egrogias  Lateranowa  obsidet  «des 
1  cohora:  ratus  venit  in  cc^^ula  iBiles.  , 
a  licel  portes  argcnti  vascui^Puri, 
Ijocf*  iter  ingressus  gladiuni  contnmquc  timebis. 
t  mot^  ad  lunam  trcpidaliis  arundinia  umbranfl 

*  JUila  rudur  Jidteitt  fi4^ 


■eoftfiu  |W>  rf/rminnHTU*  fiium    Wariuiu    ipatium    dimxl     Ntra; 

.  Pfl, "  Reniembet  Milo's  Suel.  37.  PR.  FA.                   f             % 

ID   fte   limber  whicb  he  ^ncca;  viii.ai3.  v.  109.  I'fe,  T>c.  A. 

."  RQ.  Mini  wa.  »  ccle-  »iii.  «.  <iy.  62—56. 61  iv.  jp..6l)--66. 

of  CrotOM.  rS.  Plin.yii.  Xiph.  Ner.  SC//,  R.                » 


no.  V.  Mi 

>  SCU.  PauLTi.  U.  Sti^b. 
,  V.  H.  ii.  24,  ilj.  33. 
Phijost.  V.  A.  ir.  9.  Suid.  R. 
■■.   1  iqq.     Sen. 
ij.su.  T.  V.  i.  8. 


ii'sniW   &n«ciin   nnmiut 

'^ngt^Ut  gl  nlini  priirahni 

ipa  adhut  cugirtt,  hatlcruM  quiiqiii 
en.  anuntilalt  el  cillaTUn  magiiifittHlia  pria- 
S.     cipem  luptrgrtiUTiltir  i  ffe,   Seneca  liim- 

ulfgiys  to  Uie  emperor  (antnin  hiitaruiu 
be    iilijue  npum    ra    mt  amuliili,  ul 
Ihs    ftlitilati  mea  dtiit,  uiii  nodmllo  rjui: 

:  4c.  Tac'A.  I 

17.  Sfurd  rx  CoinjuNJa 


"«V"" 


nihU 


.PR. 


,,ilj  Tm.  A.  iW.  60.  Fit. 

Ptaniiui  LattTBBHi,  who  \iti  inlri^iivd 

ilh  the  inrimau*  Mcualina,  vai  put  Id 

fwhen  con»ul  elecl)  (or  conipiting 

M  Nero:  Tac.  A.  xu  30.  36.  liiu 

eO.     Dii  maniioD  wai  lita- 


18,  ri-nafHlai  Dole  OD  iil.  199.  T.vii. 

iMdapluDUetlhe  118.  B,  Apgl.  Sl.ii..fiN.  J'R. 

*  ao.  ■  The  btodit'i  tword  and  pile." 

ir  f-meiBi  IM.   Sii.  XV.  6BT.  «. 

i.  34.'  Chtril.  p.  39S  21.'  By  nioon-litthl.'  SCU.  limul  i,aa 

■C.  SI.  ii.  le.  Lolicb.  ntculia  ltrrt«i  ;  Yiig.  Ji:.  ji.  75^.  VS. 

p.  17jL  x'li.  65.  Tac  In  Nero's  (ims  ihow  itho  po«'C9<cd  a 

i.  3fi;  7.  xii.  13.  8.  few  nluablo  »ou]J  U  aniioui  to  mora 

'Inn  Ml  Cuuio  Lon-  (hem  by  night,  in  order  in  escape  obierr- 

le   lumiuibui   arbala,  alion.  C. 

Ii  ilnonoie  C.  CaoH  '  Shadow.'  tb>  *ir.S  rmkt  f'^uihr 

in^ginen  rdimiMI:  PUl.  PhcJ.  l.U.  Ilur.  1  Od.  itm.  r,  hj,|. 


242  THE  SATIRES  sa 

Cantabit  vacuus  coram  latrone  viator. 
Prima  fere  vota  et  cunctis  notissima  templis 
Divitiae;  crescant  ut  opes,  ut  maxima  toto 

25  Nostra  sit  area  foro.     Sed  nulla  aconita  bibuntur 
Fictilibus.     Tunc  ilia  time,  quum  pocula  sumes 
Gemmata  et  lato  Setinum  ardebit  in  auro. 
Jamne  igitur  laudas,  quod  de'sapientibus  alter 
Ridebat,  quoties  de  limine  moverat  unum 

30  Protuleratque  pedem;  flebat  contraiius  auctor? 
Sed  facilis  cuivis  rigidi  censura  cachinni: 
Mirandum  est,  unde  ille  oculis  sufFecerit  humor. 
Perpetuo  risu  pulmonem  agitare  solebat 
Democritus,  quamquam  non  essent  urbibus  illis 


Stat  Th.  vi.  158  sqq.  Claud.  Eutr.  ii.  of  his  age.    Ht  was,  howe?er,  tke  I 

451.  (B.)  R.  of  all  that  desolating  philosophy,  w 

"  A  reed  shaken  with  the  wind  ;*'  St  placing  the  senses  in  the  room  of  re 

Matth.  zi.  7.  tends  to  extinguish  science,  while  i 

22.  Sic  iim§t  inndiat  quia  sett  m  ferre  courages  personal  gratifications.  G. 
viator  cut  timmt^  iutum  earpit  inanii  is  said  to  have  lived  to  the  ace  ol 
(Cic.  Att.  xiv.  3.  Plaut  Bac.  III.  iv.  10.  hundred  and  nine.  cf.  Snid.  D.  I 
R,)  iter ;  Ov.  Nuz,43  sq.  G.  nudum  latro  ix.  Cic.  d«  Fato  23.  d*  N.  D.  i.  6S. 
trantmUtit;  etiam  in  obsesta  via  pauperi  Q.  Ac.  iv.  121.  Plin.  xzviii.  8.  vi 
pax  ett;  Sen.  Lucil.  LU,  Pit  Sen.  de  Ira  ii.  10.  de  Tr.  At 

23.  Cf.  Pers.  it.  44  sqq.  R.  Claud,  zvii.  90.  (Hl.)  Luc.  Bs  wfi.  1 

24.  Opei  are  more  than  divititt,  im-  rmurm  •uru  yiyvifuf  jm)  iT^  fwv  m\ 
plying  some  degree  of  power.  ACH,  erwrtuifttfm  iur^  /a»i  h»u  raS  ^i 
expetuntur  divitiae,  ut  utare;^  opes,  r<^ifr«yr«f  9i^t9it.  *H^««Xs#r*v M  «i 
Ht  eolarit ;  honoret,  ut  lauderig\  Cic.  Am.  LnfM»^tT§v.  rw  f^h  yiXjirt^iMv  r^  i 
6.  PjR.  mvvSf,  r«v  ti  rhv  mypietf  i^e^fUMtr 

25.  The  senators  and  other  persons  of  de  Sacr.  15.  R, 

property  had,  for  security's  sake,  strong  30.  The  crying  philosopher  wmi  1 

boxes  in  the  forum  of  Trajan,  and  that  clitus  of  Ephesus.  LU,  He  vraa  a 

of  Mars,  in  which  they  deposited  their  and  rigid  moralist  of  what  was  aften 

money  for  safety.   Hence  the  place  itself  called  the  Stoic  school ;  as  little  Kki 

was  called  Ojpcs.    Afterwards,  for  more  cry  upon  all  occasions,  as  the  fona 

security,  they  used  the  temple  of  Castor  laugh.  This,  however,  was  not  J«vc 

and  other  temples  round  the  forum.  VS,  concern :    their  popular  character 

xiv.  258  s<^q.  uR.  Aur.  Ep.  to  the  Senate  served  his  purpose.  G.  He  is  said  Co 

in  Fl.  Vopisc.  PR.  Ulp.  ad  Edict,  xxx.  died  of  a  dropsy  at  the  age  of  aizty. 

Depoe.  vii.  10.  PL.  N.  D.  i.  74.  iii.  35.    D.  Laert.  ut. 

Aeonita;  i.  158.  cf.  Sen.  Thy.  III.  i.  Lucr.  i.  639  sqq. 

448—454.  PR,  Id.  H.  (£.  II.  v.  652  sqq.  31.  The  epithet  <  harsh'  properij 

R.  plies  to '  the  censure*  and  not  to 

27.  Gemmata ;  v.  39  sqq.  PR.  laugh.'  H. 

Setinum ;  v.  34.  SCH.  33.  The  spleen  is  said  to  be  the  m 

28.  *  Does  it  not  now  meet  with  your  laughter.  VS.  cf.  Cic.  de  Or.  ii.  235. 
approbation?'  PR.  Plin.  xi.  37  i  80.  (HA.)  Pen.  i 

The  laughing  sage  was  Democritus  of  (CAS.)  R. 

Abdera ;   GR.  a  man  of  ver^  extra-  34.  '  Abdera  and  the  neigfaboi 

ordinary  talents,  and  the  first  philosopher  towns.'  L  U,  cf.  Hor.  1 1  Ep.  i.  194  aq 


»AT.   X.  OF  JUVENAL.  243 

Prffitexta  et  trabeae,  fasces,  lectica,  tribunal. 
Quid,  si  vidisset  Praetorem  curribus  altis 
Elxstantem  et  medio  sublimem  in  pulvere  Circi 
In  tunica  Jovis  et  pictae  Sarrana  ferentem 
£x  humeris  aulsea  togae  magnaeque  coronae 
Tantum  orbem,  quanto  cervix  non  sufRcit  uUa? 
Quippe  tenet  sudans  banc  publicus  et,  sibi  Consul 
Ne  placeat,  curru  servus  portatur  eodem. 
Da  nunc  et  volucrem,  sceptro  quae  surgit  eburao, 
lUinc  comicines,  hinc  praecedentia  longi 
Agminis  officii  et  niveos  ad  frena  Quirites, 
Defossa  in  loculis  quos  sportula  fecit  amicos. 

«     -^'^  Tbe  frmUxta  poisiata  was  iotro-  other  tiroes  in  the  temple  of  Jupiter.  Li  v. 

^<>C«d by  Tarqnin  the  elder.  VS.  cf.99.R.  X,  xx.  7.  Lampr.  Al.  Sev.  PR,  IL 

T'^mbMt;  ¥51.269.  LU.  Pietts;  i.  e.  with  the  needle.  PR, 

^«ijen ;  y.  1 10.  PR,  Sarrana  *  Tynan  ;*  (Sarra  113^  was  tbe 

^"^ctiem;  i.  32.64.  PR.  ancient  name  of  Tyre;)  i.  e.  •  purple.' 

Tlie  Trikumal  was  originally  a  square  virg.  G.  ii.  606.  VS,  LU,  M, 

>^ov«able  wooden  platform ;  but  in  the  39.  •  The  tapestry ;'  so  called  satiri- 

^■>e«  of  tbe  emperors  it  was  of  stone  and  cally  from  its  cumbrous  folds  resembling 

•«5«>icircoltr.  -4D..M.    The  prater  ad-  cartained  drapery.  LC7.v«/u  amictasyiiofi 

'"kinisteicd  jnstice  from  an  ivory  curule  togis-,  Cic.  Cat.  ii.  10.  VS. 

^a.ir;  iofenor  magistrates  from  benches.  40.  An  allusion  perhaps  to  Atlas,  cf. 

Pifrdiu.  Vcrr.  1.  PR.  63.  note. 

30.  Ct  viii.  194.  LU.  The  triumphal  41.  There  were  public  as  well  as  pri- 

^r  ^was  in  the  shape  of  a  round  turret,  ^te  slaves  at  Rome.  LI. 

l^  gilded,  and  cirawn  by  four  white  42.  As  some  curb  to  the  pride  of  the 

"""WBi  M.    In  describing  the  procesHion  victor,  it  was  the  servant*s  duty  to  call 

^   tKe  praetor  to  open  the  Circensian  his  attention  to  emblems  of  vicissitude  and 

K^*>^«t,  Juvenal  has  mixed  up  with  it  mortality,  and  to  exclaim,  at  intervals, 

^ch  of  the  pomp  and  circumstance  of  a  «  j^ook  behind  thee :  remember  thou  art 

•"•■■laph.  (xL  192.  R.)  A  trifling  incon-  a  man !"  LU,  FA,  Tertull.  Ap.  33.  PR. 

^*«s»ej  woald  not  deter  our  author  from  de  Cor.  Mil.  13.  Plin.  xxii.  4.  xxviii.  4. 

"^^PpiDgoatofthewaytomakehisridi-  xxxiii.  1.  Jos.  A.  J.  vii.  24.  R.    The 

y^  nofe  poignant.    The  ivory  sceptre,  words  used  by  the  slave  are  apparently 

^  ■■■  ooatod  with  its  eagle,  was  too  import-  borrowed  from  the  history  of  Philip  of 

25^  gewg*w  to  be  omitted  :  aquila  ex  Macedon.  HN,    The  very  presence  of  a 

*"*■•  mrnit  arrof^mntiam  gestator  ejtu  ae  slave  would  remind  the  conqueror  of  tlie 

2***  hit  Mutf  u\fatu$  out ;  Prud.  G.  cf.  truth  which  our  author  states  in  vii.  201. 

r^^  ^xx.  16.  This  pre  tor  is  also  called  43,  •  The  eagle  which  stands  in  act  to 

^  *^  «nl,  the  former  being  a  more  exten-  soar.'  Dionys.  H.  iii.  61.  App.  Pun.  66. 

%erB  and  denoting  '  the  leader  of  an  Liv.  xxx.  16.  Isid.  ii.  18.  Himer.  p.  219. 


J^^','  LU.  FA.  prtB  itar  i  hence  prato-  (  WE,)  Amm.  Marc.  xxix.  2. 15.  (  VAL.) 

Tr*^   '  a  general's  tent.*  [Livy  xxiii,  40.  Claud,  i.  205.  xxii.  363.  R. 

'-J^Jwii,  26,  6.  ED.^  44.  See  Plut.  P.  -*:m.  Jos.  B.  J.  i.  ii. 

1^^'  Cirei;  m.  66,  223,  notes.    PR.  17,  pR.  App.  Pun.  66.  R, 

r^^  ^  Circeniiaii  proceasion  went  from  the  45.  Officio ;  ii.  132,  note.  M. 

rvJ^i.tol  into  '  the  centre  of  the  circus.'  Niveot '  clad  in  the  snow-white  gown.' 

^^^^yi.  H.  viL  72.  R.  {eandida  toga,)  MNT,  T. 

^^  The  cmbrmdcred  tunic  worn  by  45.  •  Buried  deep.'  OR,  (cf.  St  Luke 

^^^rals  in  their  triumph  was  kept  at  xix.  20.)    This  line  casts  a  reflection  on 


244 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT. 


Tunc  quoque  materiam  risus  invenit  ad  omnes 
Occursus  hominum,  cujus  prudentia  monstrat, 
Summos  posse  viros  et  magna  exempla  daturos 

50  Vervecum  in  patria  icrassoque  sub  aere  nasci. 
Ridebat  curas,  nee  non  et  gaudia  vulgi, 
Interdum  et  lacrumas,  quum  Fortunae  ipse  minaci 
Mandaret  laqueum  mediumque  ostenderet  un^em. 
Ergo  supenracua  aut  perniciosa  petJbtur,     ^ .  -c. ::- 

55  Propter  quae  fas  est  genua  incerare  Deorum. 

Quosdam  prsecipitat  subjecta  potentia  magnae 
Invidiae;  mer^t  longa  atque  insignis  honorum 
Pagina;  descendunt  statua^  restemque  sequuntur. 


the  stingy  patroos  as  well  as  on  the  mer- 
cenary clients,  i.  95  sqq,  notes.  FIL 
47.  '  Even  in  those  days.' 

49.  Potest  etiam  ex  angub  vir  magnui 
prodire-f  Sen.  GR. 

50.  Abdera  in  Thrace  was  proverbial 
for  the  stupidity  of  its  inhabitants.  As 
this  was  *  tne  country  of  bell-wethers,'  so 
Boeotia  had  a  bad  name  as  '  the  land  of 
hogs,*  a  proverb  which  seems  to  have 
mortified  Pindar :  01.  vi.  152.  G.  cf.  Hor. 
II  Ep.  i.  244.  PlauL  Pers.  II.  GR.  Cic. 
N.  D.  i.  43.  Ath.  iv.  16.  vii.  7.  Mart. 
X.  XXV.  PR.  R. 

52.  '*  Secure  the  while,  he  mock'd  at 
Fortune's  frownAndfWhen  she  threatenM, 
bade  her  hang.'"  G.  cf.  xiii.  20. 

53.  '  A  halter.'  rettim  cape  et  nispende 
te;  Plant.  Pers.  V.  ii.  34.  cf.  Ter.  Phor. 
V.  iv.  4.  I^cf«»  mlrnemtwi  put  «(»f^af  r«v 
/3#«;^«v'  Luc.  Tim.  45.  and  20.  K.  Mart. 
II.  xxviii.  2.  VI.  Ixx.  5.  Pers.  ii.  33. 
(CAS,)  Arr.  Epict.  iii.  2.  Petr.  131.  A. 
R,  Isaiah  IviiL  9.  M, 

55.  When  the  ancients  made  their 
vows  to  the  gods,  they  wrote  them  on 
paper  or  on  waxen  tables,  sealed  them 
up,  and,  with  wax,  fastened  them  to  the 
knees  or  thighs  of  the  statues.  When 
their  desires  were  granted,  they  used  to 
take  away  the  paper,  tear  it,  and  bring 
the  gods  whatever  nad  been  promised.  T. 
HO,  The  same  practice  is  observed  in 
Roman  Catholic  countries  towards  the 
images  of  saints.  It  was  an  ancient  cus- 
tom, still  &ubsisting  in  the  east,  to  embrace 
the  knees  of  one  from  whom  favour  or 
protection  was  solicited.  G.  Of  that 
^vhirh  if;  quite  precarious,  it  is  said  hSv 
U  yvfmei  Kturtu'  Horn.  II.  P  514  VL.  cf. 


xii.  88.  Pnid.  e,  Sym.  i.  Ham.  405. 
Plin.  xi.  45.  PR.  Philost.  Her.  i.  17. 
ApnI.  Ap.  i.  R.  [Livy  xxviii,  45,  ▼. 
Eb.] 

56.  n«XA.«tff  «v  %xjufi.tv  i<«iJV,  1m  n*. 

T»VT    mitvtltf   ^m^mytn^itu,  itf  Jiymti*  w» 

rS»  ^/«f  &(pif^tftiett9  «.  T,  X.  PlaL  Ale  ii. 
p.  150.  Pii'n.  vii.  40— 45.  R.  [Livyxxiv» 
21,3  and  4.  ED.] 

57 .  Invidia  enim  mmma  qutBque  appetit ; 
Tac.  (issidua  e»t  eminentis  fariuntt  cosMt, 
aliissimisque  adharet ;  V.  Pat.  i.  PR.  Hor. 
I  S.  vi.  26.  47.  R. 

Mergit:  cf.  xiii.  8.  Lucr.  v.  1006.  Sil. 
viii.  285.  Virg.  J£,  vi.  512.  (HY.)  R. 
This  was  literally  the  case  with  Smeraii: 
Her.  iii. 

58.  *  A  brass  plate  attached  to  tlw 
statues  of  eminent  persons  and  containing 
a  pompous  enumeration  of  their  titles, 
and  honours.'  VS.  Similar  plates  tm 
afBxed  to  the  back  of  the  sUlls  in  St 
George's  Chapel, Windsor,  with  the  titlet 
&CC.  of  the  Knights  of  the  Garter. 

'  Descend  from  their  pedestals:'  cC 
viii.  18,  note.  Tac.  A.  iii.  LU»  Piaonii 
ttatuam  deturbant,  affligunt,  eomminuwmt, 
diuipant'f  et  quwi  in  tpnim  atiulertmt 
odium,  id  in  ejus  imaginem  ae  simulacrum 
perfuderunt ;  Cic.  PR.  tUing  s«}  ^blUi- 
mm  ft  »v(  ii  9»Xtf  ^nSmirt  rai  wdXeu,  ««»• 
Ttf  AfartTfmfAfAifH  yiXttrm  va^t^tfM  CMf 
h»tfA%fuf  Luc.  Catap.  11.  A. 

'  They  follow  the  rope,'  which  was 
used  to  pull  them  down  firom  their  ele- 
vated position,  LU.  and,  afterwards,  to 
drag  them  through  the  streets.  PR^  V. 
Flac.  i.  122.  (//.)R. 


8-^'^'-     3c.  OF  JUVENAL.  245 

Ipsas  deinde  rotas  bigarum  impacta  securis 
^       Csedit  et  immeritis  franguntur  crura  caballis. 
^am  stridunt  ignes,  jam  follibus  atque  caminis 
^rdet  adoratum  populo  caput  et  crepat  ingens 
Sejanus :  deinde  ex  facie  toto  orbe  secunda 
Fmnt  urceoli,  pelves,  sartago,  patellae. 
<<  Pone  domi  lauros,  due  in  Capitolia  magnum 
Cretatumque  bt?em :  Sejanus  ducitur  unco 
Spectandus :  gaudent  omnes.     Quae  labra  ?   quis  illi 
Vultus  erat?    Numquam,  si  quid  mihi  credis,  amavi 

^.  Cf.  TU.  126  sqq.  such  statues  by  the  rabble  :  juvabat  UU- 

^.  CabaUiti  Hi.  118.  A.  deresohsuyerb'uiimoiwiUui,  instate ferro, 

^    ^1.  Many  statuesof  gold,  as  well  as  of  savire  ucuribus,  ut  ti  $ingulat  ictui  tan' 

•^Uue,  had  been  erected  in  honour  of  guts  dolorqtu  tequeretur.    nemo  tarn  tem- 

•^^^isf  Sejanof  ;  (who  held  the  offices  of  perans  gaudii,  seraque  latitia,  quin  instar 

^*^iefecl  off  the  city,  F5.  and  captain  of  the  vltionis  videretur  eentere  laceros  artus, 

'^^^Morian  bands:  Snet.  55.  66.  &c.  Tac.  trunetUa  membra,  postremo  truces  horreu- 


.  Hi.)  these  were  melted  down  as  soon  dasque  imagines  abjectas  exeoctasque  Jlam- 

be  was  disgraced.  LU,  PR.  mis,  ut  ex  illo  terrore  et  minis,  in  usum 

62,  Cnjut  stafttti  sacra  ficiebant,  non  hominumacvoluptateii^mhnsmutarentur\ 
^^iter  fiMm  tiatutM  Tiberii ;  quemque  Ti-  Plin.  Pan.  52.  etn%x»Mvinfmf  »«}  l|  mln 
^triieaiUgamapp§Uabant,noninc(mMlatu,  rSw  f$tym>M  ^^nfutrm  etniXtyn'  Xiph. 
^itrf  in  orbit  terret  imperio ;  Xiph.  Tib.  Nerv.  pr.  R,  A  change,  the  reverse  of 
"^ae.  A.  It.  2,extr*  LU,  Suet.  fib.  48.  this,  is  recorded  in  Her.  ii.  172.  cf.  vii. 
«5.  R.  197  sq. 

63.  This  instance  is  most  happily  65.  To  understand  the  little  drama 
«hoaeo,  since  it  exhibits  at  one  view,  not  which  follows,  we  must  suppose  one  of 
«iily  the  instability  of  court,  but  of  popular  those  who  had  witnessed  the  commence- 
^vonr.  No  subject  ever  ascended  to  ment  of  Sejanus'  punishment,  hastenine 
mudb.  a  height  of  power  ;  none  ever  fell  home  to  announce  the  intelligence,  and 
^nm  it  10  rapidly  into  the  abyss  of  dis-  prepare  his  public  demonstrations  of 
srace  and  mm.  This  picture  of  the  nn-  loyalty  and  joy.  The  dialogue  passes 
fceling  and  barbarous  versatility  of  the  between  him  and  his  neighbours,  cf.  vi. 
wn^  has  seldom  been  equalled  for  truth  47 — 52.  G. 

and  hwDonr.    With  respect  to  Sejanus,  The  verb  duc&e  applies  both  to  victims 

it  nay  be  said  of  him,  as  it  was  of  Lally,  and  to  culprits.  Ov.  M.  xv.  114.  (H.)  R, 

by  Voltaire ;  "  he  was  one  against  whom  Capitolia  ;  xiv.  91.  PR, 

every  nan  bad  a  risht  to  hft  his  hand  The  larger  victims  were  sacrificed  on 

bat  the  executioner.''    During  the  full  any  occasion  of  public  rejoicing ;   and 

tide  of  hit  prosperity,  nothiD|r  seems  to  white  victims  to  the  celestial  gods. 

have  been  too  low  for  his  malice.    Even  LU,  BRL    cretatumque  bovem  duct  ad 


the  obacnre  and  iuofifensive   Phxdrus,     Capitolia  magna ;    Lucr.  VS,  Virg.  i£. 

q.  Ov.  Pont.IV.ix.50.  if. 
nojiMtly  accused  by  him  :  (III.  prol.)  he        66.  Cf.  cretata  ambitio ;    Pers.  v.  177. 


_  —     —  —  _      —    —      —  —     _   —       _       ^  __     ^  _  ^  ^  ^y  ^       —      —  _  _  _ 

pathetically  eomplains  of  having  been    ix.  627  8q.  Ov.  Pont.IV.  ix.  50. 


snrvived,  howerer,  both  tne  accusation  BRI,  and  108.  PR, 
and  the  accuaer,  and  in  his  story  of        After  the  executioner  had  fixed  a  hook 

Printept  Tibieen,  gently  retorts  upon  the  in  the  throat,  the  body  was  dragged  by 

filUeaibrtiines  of  bis  adversary.  G,  the    populace  to  the  Gemonian  steps 

Thos  RutiUnt  G alliens,  prefect  of  the  on  the  Aventine  Hill,  and,  when  the 

cily,  it  called  proxima  {Germanieo)  cervix  vengeance  of  thft  mob  was  sated,  thrown 

rtHdentimmettui  Sut.  S.  I.  iv.  6.  R,  into  the  Tiber.  SCH,  M.  Suet.  Tib.  61. 

64.  Pliny  gives  a  very  interesting  detail  Xiph.  Tib.  PP   Dio  Iviii.^  1.  /?. 
of  the  inpolent  Tcageance  exercised  on        d7.  '  A  glorious  »ight.' 


246  THE  SATIRES  sat.  x. 

Hunc  hominem."  ^^Sed  quo  cecidit  sub  crimine?  quUnam 
70  Delator  ?  quibus  indiciis  ?  quo  teste  probavit  ?* 
^^  Nil  horum :  verbosa  et  grandis  epistola  venit 
A  Capreis."  *^  Bene  habet ;  nil  plus  interrogo.   Sed  quid 
Turba  Remi  ?'  "  Sequitur  Fortunam,  ut  semper,  et  odit 
Damnatos.     Idem  populus,  si  Nursia  Tusco 
75  Favisset,  si  oppressa  foret  secura  senectus 
Principis,  bac  ipsa  Sejanum  dieeret  lK>ra 
Augustum.     Jam  pridem,  ex  quo  sufira^a  nulli 
Vendimus,  effudit  curas.     Nam  qui  dabat  olim 

69.  Cecidit ;  iv.  12.  R.  Anth.  i.  cf.  Plut.  Rom.  jir.  Prop.  II.  i. 

70.  *  Did  the  emperor  prove  the  23.  IV.  i.  9.  {VU.)  Pers.  i.  73.  (X.) 
charger  BRL  R. 

71.  Dio  (^Wiii.  4 — 8.)  sneers  at  the  '  Always:'  as  in  the  cases  of  Mirini, 
length  of  this  epistle :  Suetonius  (55.)  Pompej,  and  others.  LU,  tt(  kirundimm 
ciih  li  pudenda  miserandaque  aratio.  The  attivo  tempore  prcnio  iurU,  frigate  pubm 
truth  is,  that  Tiberius  (\ihoy  like  Crom-  recedunt:  ita  faUi  amici  tereno  vine  tem^ 
well,  was  always  too  cunning  to  be  pare  presto  sunt  ;  eimul  atque  hnemem 
clear)  was  at  this  time  confounded  by  his  forlunte  viderint,  devolant  amnet ;  Cic.  to 
fears,  or  at  least  pretended  to  be  so ;  and  Heren.  4.  PR.  Hor.  I  Od.  zzzv.  22.  25 
therefore  wrote  "  about  it,  and  about  it."  sqq.  (BY,)  I  £p.  six.  37.  R, 
Suetonius  has  presenred  a  sentence  of  74.  Sejanus  was  a  native  of  Volauui 
this  memorable  address  which  fully  justi-  ^now  '  Bolsena')  in  Tuscany.  LU.  Tac« 
fies  the  character  he  has  given  of  it.  A.  iv.  1.  R,  unieuique  eliam  pranneiit  et 
Among  other  things,  Tiberius  besought  eivitati  $uus  deus  est,  ut  SifHee  Astartee, 
the  senate  to  send  one  of  the  consuls,  ut  Arabiae  Disares,  .  .  .  Aaeulanarum  dm 
with  a  millitary  guard,  to  conduct  him,  a  Ancaria,  VoUiuiensium  Nursia,  Ocrieuto' 
poor  and  desolate  old  man,  in  safety  to  norum  Valentia,  Sutrinarum  Nortia,  ^. 
their  presence !  Jonson  in  his  Sejanus  Tert.  Apol.  24.  Liv.  vii.  3.  PR,  Ovr 
has  fabricated  '  a  verbose  epistle'  for  author  might  be  condemned  of  pedantiy, 
Tiberius,  with  a  masterly  liand.  G.  R.  G.  but  it  must  be  recollected  that  these 
Nervius  Sertorius  Macro*  who  was  ap-  words  are  not  uttered  in  his  own  person, 
pointed  successor  to  Sejanus  as  prefect  of  but  are  put  into  the  mouth  of  one  who 
the  prtetorian  bands,  was  the  confidential  hardly  dared  to  express  himself  without 
bearer  of  this  epistle.  SCIL  some  mystification. 

72.  Caprea,  (now  '  Capri')  an  island  75.  Observe  the  difference  between 
in  the  bay  of  Naples,  was  the  favourite  secura  and  tuta, 

residence  ofTiberius.where  he  abandoned  For  the  periphrasis,  cf.  iv.  81,  note. 

himself  to  his  pleasures,  leaving  Sejanus  R, 

to  rule  in  Rome.  PR,  93.  Plin.  lii.  6.  77.  Augustum  *  emperor.'  SCH, 

Strab.  i.   p.  15.  v.  p.  171.  vi.  p.  178.  78.  Nee  minor  in  campo  furor  eslt\ 

Tac.  A.  iv.  67.  Suet.  Tib.  40.  43.  65.  emtique  Quiriles  ad  pradatn  strepitumqm§ 

Apollod.  p.  312.  R.  and  Virg.  JE„  vii.  lucri  suffragia  vertunt:   venalis  popuhu, 

733  sqq.  (  HY.)  VS,  venalis  curia  patrum  :  est  favor  in  prethf 

KmxSs  txsi\   LU.  cf.  Cic.  Mur.  6.  5fc.  Petr.  de  M.  RP.  Rom.  39  sqq.  Lac 

Liv.  viii.  6.   Stat.  Th.  xi.  557.  xii.  338.  i.  178.  PR. 

(B.)  Prop.  IV.  xi.  97.  (PAS.)  R.  If  Juvenal  sometimes  lashes  the  ty 

Nil  ultra  quaro  plebeius;  Hor.  II  S.  raony  of  the  chiefs,  he  at  others  treats 

iii.  188.  (BY.)  R.  the  base  and  abject  submission  of  the 

73.  Mobilium  turba  Quiritium  ;  Hor.  I  people  with  equal,  if  not  superior,  seve- 
Od.  i.  7.  pUbs  Remi ;  Mart  X.  Ixxvi.  4.  rity.  It  is  dear,  that  their  power  had 
Cat  Iviii.  5.  Stat  S.  II.  vii.  60.  Prop,  been  broken  by  the  usnrpations  of  Mariua 
IV.  vi.  10.  &rru  *V%fMf'    Diodor.  ep.  and  Sylla ;  they  still,  however,  retained 


A 

A^*^, 


s^T.x.  OF  JUVENAL.  247 

Imperiunii  fasces,  legiones,  omnia,  nunc  se 
^30  Conlinet  atque  duas  tantum  res  anxius  optat, 

Panem  et  Circenses."     "  Perituros  audio  multos." 

"  Nil  dubium;  magna  est  fornacula:  pallidulus  mi 

Brutidius  meus  ad  Martis  fuit  obvius  aram. 

Quam  timeo,  victus  ne  pocnas  exigat  Ajax,    / 
^  Ut  male  defensus !  Curramus  prsecipitcs  et, ' 

Dum  jacet  in  ripa,  calcemus  Csesaris  hostem.  /     . 

Sed  videant  send,  ne  quis  neget  et  pavidum  in  jus  ^  ^   ^ 

^^   consklerable  degree  of  influence,  and  had  hitherto  been  permitted  to  retain.  G. 

^^omioally  gave,  or  rather  sold,   their  ¥A,  cf.  Tac.  An.  i.  15.  (Li.)  II, 

^  'uffrages,  till  the  days  of  Julias  Cesar.  '  It  has  lost  all  interest.'    'i'he  meta- 

^^hat  they  were  ripe  for   the   slavery  phor  is  taken  from  a  person  emptying  a 

"^t^hich  awaited  them,  cannot  be  denied;  vessel,  by  pouring  out  the  liquor.  iU. 

^W  such  was  their  corruption  and  rapa*  Sen.  d«  Ira  ii.  35.  in  Epist.  11.  Cic  ad 

^^ty,  that  they  only  enquired  which  of  Div.  i.  9,  54.  R, 

^Jie     candidates    would   bribe    highest.  79.  Omnia  \   Sulp.  38.    Phndr.  IV. 

CsMir,  however, did  not  directly  deprive  xxiii.  5.  (BU.)  R, 

%iM   people  of  their  suffrages ;  he  only  80.  Note  on  iii.  223.  PR,  cf.  I'ac.  A. 

^ook  the  Domination  of  the  consuls  upon  i.  2.  R, 

liimaelf,  and  left  the  choice,  or  rather  the  81.  '  Bread:'  vii.  174  sq.  PR, 

male,  of  the  inferior  magistracies  to  them,  *  Many.'  cf.  Dio  Iviii.  7  sq.  Suet.  Tib. 

upon  condition  that  he  should  have  the  61.  R. 

veoonmendation  to  one  half!  Suetonius  82.  '  It  is  a  large  little  furnace/  LU.  R* 

Bias  preeerred  his  cong£  d'61ire,  and  a  capable  of  holding  many  an  image  beside 

^ciy  cnrioai  one  it  is:    Catar  Dictator  SejanusV  31.61.  PR, 

JIU   Tribtti,     Comwundo  vobis  illumt  et  *  Looking  palish.' 

«(/iiM,  irt  tnHro  tuffragut  tuam  dignitatem  83.   Brutidius  Niger,  the  rhetorician 

CMMonl;  Cki.  41.  19.  Aug.  40.  (CAS,)  and  historian,  was  an  intimate  friend  of 

*Tlies«  recommendations  were  never  over-  Sejanus,  and  included  in  the  sentence  of 

looked:  preeet*raHt,iedquibuieoMtradiei  death.  Tac.  A.  iii.  66,  Sen.  Suas.  vii. 

was  peeaii ;  Tac.    Augustus  seems  some-  PR, 

^hat  to  have  enlarged  the  power  of  the  '  Of  Mars  the  avenger,'  SCII.  in  tlie 

ptople,  which  was  again  abridged  by  forum  of  Augustus.  Suet.  Aug.  29.  R, 

Tibeiivs,  or  rather  taken  quite  away;  84.  Ajai  {v'xi.W 5.  Pit.  xi v.  286.  /?.) 

mafiitf, sayi  the  historian,  with  honest  in-  here  means  the  emperor.  Suet. Tib.  61 

^ignation,  populug  ademtum  jut  questug  sq.     '  Lest  in  a  fit  of  disappointment,  he 

mt,  Hui  inani  rumore,    Caligula,  in  a  fit  should  wreak  dire  vengeance  on  tho«e,  by 

«f  popniarity,  showed  symptoms  of  re-  whom  he  may  consider  that  his  honour 

«rtibli8hingtbem  in  a  part  of  their  rights,  had  been  but  inadetiuately  vindicated.' 

wluch  however  came  to  nothing :    this  PR,    There  is  also  an  indirect  reproach 

'wai  the  last  effort  in  their  favour,  and  to  the  Romans  for  their  submitting  to 

Jirom  tbii  period  they  gradually,  and  in-  be  butchered :   R,  like  so  many  sheep ; 

^eed  deianredly,  sonk  into  insignificance  Hor.  IIS.  iii.  197. 

^nd  oonlempt.    It  argues  great  courage  86.  AM9  i  SfttXu  r^tfU  (Sk«te  m/At^s 

in  our  anthor  to  reproach  the  Romans  tor  IXu/utifT*,  »mi  fttrk  rturt  is  rht  «>«ra^*» 

Ibeir  sapineoess;   and  must  have  been  lufimXt'  Dio  Iviii.  SCH,  cf.  66.  R. 

liiefaly  ofiensive  to  their  rulers.    About  i'his  was  a  common  method  of  insult- 

"^is,  however,  he  appears  to  be  little  ing  over  the  fallen.   Hom.  II.  N  618. 

sdieitons;  nay,  mucn  of  what  he  says  Soph.  El.  Aj.  Anacr.  \lvi.  6.  Arist.  Rq. 

Iiere  is  immediately  levelled  at  Trajan,  59o.  R,  quicumque  amisit  dignitatem  yris- 

wbo  had,  about  this  time,  transferred  to  (mam,  ignavisetiamjoeusestin  casugravii 

the  Senate,  or  rather  to  himself,  the  very  Phcdr.  I.  xxi.  [Livy  xxiii,  43,  3.  F.D,] 

trifling  dcpae  of  power  which  the  people  87.  Servanu  oflen  turned  informers 


248  THE  SATIRES  sat,  x 

Cervice  obstricta  dominum  trahat.'^     Hi  sennones 
Tunc  de  Scjano,  secreta  ha&c  murmura  vulgi. 

90  Visne  salutari,  sicut  Sejanus?  habere 

Tantumdem  ?  atque  illi  summas  donare  curules? 
Ilium  exercitibus  praeponere?  tutor  haberi 
Principis  angusta  Caprearum  in  rupe  sedentis 
Cum  grege  Chaldaeo?     Vis  certe  pila,  cohortes, 

95  Egregios  equites,  et  castra  domestica?    Quidni 

against  their  masters,  FS.  in  cases  of  high  Tiberius,  who,  at  a  former  period,  had 

treason,  the  only  circumstances  under  driven  the  astrologers  out  of  Italy,  nay, 

which    their    evidence  was  admissible  put  some  of  them  to  death,  should  in  the 

against   them.   Tac.  A.  ii.  28.  cf.  Dio  decline  of  life,  have  secluded  himself 

Izviii.  p.  769.  itcreta  aeeusatoribus  prtE'  from  the  world  to  enjoy  their  locietj 

cipua  pramiaf  nonnumqiiam  et  tettibus:  without  mol^tation;  but  huoondact  may 

nemini  delatorum  Jidet  abrogata ;    omne  be  accounted  for,  from  the  condition  of 

crimen  pro  eapitali  reeeptum,  etiam  pauco'  human  nature.    The  multiplied  cruelties 

rum  simplieiumqut  verborum ;  Suet.  Tib.  that  followed  the  fall  of  Scganos,  though 

61.  tl0»u  yk^  ftift  v^t  »mrfiy»(Uf  rtfif  they  could  not  appease  the  ferocity,  haid 

ri  rw  SiiMMv  ^ixgif  n  yinfiat  ^  ^i\tu'  yet  alarmed  the  conscience,  of  this  ^le- 

Xiph.  Tib.  R,  crable  monster:  anguish  and  despairfook 

88.  Those  who  were  taken  up  and  possession  of  all  his  thoughts,  and  if  we 

dragged  before  the  magistrates,  had  a  could  for  a  moment  suppose  the  damned 

chain  or  halter  fastened  round  their  neck :  permitted  to  make  their  *'  eternal  blazon 

as  felons  among  us  are  brought  to  trial  to  ears  of  flesh  and  blood, *'(Shaksp.Uani« 

with  gyyes  or  ratters  on  their  legs.  M.  I.  v.)  we  could  not  image  terms  ot  deeper 

90.  '  To  have  the  same  court  paid  to  horror  for  them,  than  those  with  which 
you  as  to  Sejanus  V  R.  he  begins  one  of  his  letters  to  the  aenate : 

91.  Understand    ttUat:    thus    major  Quid  ieribam  vobis,  P,  C,\  aut 


curuliSf  Stat  S.  I.  iv.  82.  R.  cf.  Gell.  seribam?    aut  quid  omnino  mm 

iii.  18.   Cic  Cat.  iv.  init,    eui  libet  is  hoc  tempore  t  Dii  me  Deaque  p^ui  ptT' 

fascet  ddbit   eripielque  curule  eui  volet  dant,  quam  mwtidie  perire  egtttio,  ti  jelo. 

importunus  ebur ;  Hot.  I  £p.  vi.  53  sq.  Suet.67.  In  tnis  state,  afflicted  at  the  pait» 

PR.  dissatisfied  with  the  present,and  tremolifig 

92.  Tutor  '  regent'  for  Tiberius,  LU,  for  the  future,  his  enfeebled  and  die- 
and  also  '  his  guardian  and  protector ;'  tracted  mind  clung  for  relief  to  the 
as  though  the  emperor  were  too  childish  wretched  impostures  of  astrology,  which 
to  administer  his  own  affairs,  M,  and  it  had  formerly  rejected ;  nSa  eiidca* 
completely  under  the  thumb  of  his  voured  to  divert  the  evils  of  to-day*  bj 
fiivourite.  R,  vague  and  senaeleuis  researchei  into  the 

93.  Capreas  te  eontulit,  praeipue  deUe-  destiny  of  to-morrow.  The  strange  in* 
talus  insula,  quod  uno  parvoque  litore  consistency  of  atheism  haa  been  elie- 
adiretur,  septa  undique  prttruptis  tm-  where  noticed;  Tiberius  is  a  striking 
mensa    altitudinis   rupibus   et  profunda  proof  of  it.  G. 

maris;  Suet.  40.  Tac.  A.  iv.  67.  PR,  Pila  may  here  denote  the  lucrative 
He  spent  the  last  seven  years  of  his  life  and  honourable  post  of  standard- 
there.  R,  bearer,  ziv.  197.  which  was  held  by  the 
Sedentis,  cf.  Suet.  43.  HE,  Mart.  V.  centurion  of  the  first  century  of  the  first 
Ixzi.  3.  ^etm  and  tuJn^im  are  used  in  maniple  of  the  Triarii  or '  veterans,'  who 
speaking  of  an  indolent  and  obscure  life,  ^ere  armed  with  the  p  t  /  u  m  or  *  javelin.* 
Tyrt.  p.  143.  (KL.)  R.  AD.  Sil.  iv.  550.  R. 

94.  Cf.  vi.  653.  PR,  576.  Suet  Tib.  •  Cohorts.'  I  58.  R. 

14.  69.  LU,  i  Tt^i^ft  l/u«i^V«r*f  Itk  95.  Egregios  equUet:  cf.  vii.  89.  R. 

rSf  &tr^tf  ftMtrtnns  nr  Dio  Iviii.  R,  Castra  domeetica  i.  e,  the  command  of 

It  may  seem  a  little  extraordinary  that  *  the  prsetorian  bands.'  VS,  cf.  viii.  43. 


^•^v.  X.  OF  JUVENAL.  i>4») 

Haec  cupias?  et,  qui  nolunt  occidere  quemquam, 
Posse  volunt     Sed  quae  prfpclara  et  prospera  tanti, 
Ut  rebus  laetis  par  sit  mensura  malorum  ? 
Hujus,  qui  trahitur,  praetextam  sumere  mavis, 
100  An  Fidenarum  Gabiorumque  esse  potestas 
Et  de  mensura  jus  dieere,  vasa  minora 
Frangere  pannosus  vacuis  iEdilis  Ulubris  ? 
Ergo  quid  optandum  foret,  ignorasse  fateris 
Sejanum:  nam  qui  nimios  optabat  honorcs 

105  Et  nimias  poscebat  opes,  numerosa  parabat 
.  Excelsae  turris  tabulata,  undc  altior  esset  ^ 
Casus  et  impulsse  prdeceps  immanc  ruinac. 
Quid  Crassos,  quid  Pompeios  evertit,  et  ilium, 
Ad  sua  qui  domitos  deduxit  flagra  Quirites? 

1 10  Summus  nempe  locus  nulla  non  arte  petitus 
Magnaque  numinibus  vota  exaudita  malignis. 
Ad  generum  Cereris  sine  caede  et  vulnere  pauci 

Tac  A.  IT.  2.  Suet  Tib.  37.  Xiph.  Dio.     rlebted  to  Menander-  «r«v  ^  nnt  nr^it 

98.   Ut  '  eV6D  thoUfch.     R.  ««<  yiiu  yava^Vfiti9* .  i^tvv   rt  fiti^M  rns 

100*  Cf.  iiL  192.  vi.  56  sq.  PR.  Hor.  tvi^his  ivh^xata    toCt^u  rm^iTav  Afit^iv 

I  £p.  a.  7  aqq.  R.  tviuf  x^owXiKa,  \xui9irmt  ya^  fitt^^tf,  "f» 

PtUttaM;  Cic.  T.  Q.  i.  30.  Suet.  Cabs.  ^iT^o  9'i^f,    G. 

17.  CI.  23.  H.  108.  Ct.  Sen.  Ep.  94.     M.  Lirinius 

101.  Pert.  i.  130  sq.  (CAS,)  LU,  Crauitg  and  his  son  Publius  fell,  in  ihe 

102.  ni.  162.  PR,  Juvenal  delights  Parthian  war,  sacrifices  to  their  avarice 
t«  make  himself  merry  at  the  expense  of  rather  than  iheir  ambition;  A  pp.  IT. 
tiM  plebmn  cdiles.  They  were  chosen,  Parth.  22 — 65.  Plut.  Crass.  PR.  R.  G. 
at  tbcir  name  imports,  out  of  the  com-  Cn.  Pompeius  Magnus  and  his  two  sons 
BMiDS,  and  had  the  care  of  weights  and  Cnaut  and  Sextus.  PR,  A  pp.  B.  C.  ii. 
meanrtt,  of  markets  and  provisions,  the  81 — 86.  104  sqq.  v.  142  sqq.  R, 
detennination  of  petty  cases,  the  inspec-  109.  C.  JuUm  Ctesar,  who  fell  in  the 
lion  of  the  roads,  the  overseeinc;  of  the  senate-house,  pierced  with  three  and 
'*—' — ^  ^^    Jq  ijiiIq  municipalities,  twenty  wounds.   LU,     In  the  times  of 


they  still  subsist,  as  ragged  and  conse-  ways  had  in  his  mouth  that  saying'  of 

qnentlal  as  ever,  G.  under  the  ancient  Euripides:    si  jus  violandum,  re^uandi 

name  of  Padata,  M,  gratia  violandum  est,  caleris  rehvs  pietn" 

UlMbrit;  Hor.  I  E.  xi.  30.  PR,  tern  colas.  SCH, 

106.  Jam  tuns  ad  eulmina  rerum  injus'  111.  Eo  vota  iuimicitiora,  quo  cfs^ei-i 

tM  ertmsM querer :  toRuntur  in  altttm,ut  fiiicivs:    inde   uinhgni   dii,  qui  nos  ex- 

iapm  i^raviart  ruant  \  Claud.  Ruf.  i.  21  audicntnt,   ii/,    qunm   nd    siimma   erecti^ 

snq.    PR.    Iv  r^»vrm  V%  Itaitiffief   a/f  at  in    proftindum    detntderent ;     Sen.    Ep. 

Ap*  v^^nX^ri^iu  iXyufiri^49  xarnvt^^u  60.  R,    Compare  Spectator  No.  207. 

fitt9tt    Luc.  <Jont.  14.  A.  celsa  graviore  112.  Pluto  s  queen,   Proserpine,  was 

cusu  dteidunt  turres;  Hor.  II  Od.  x.  10  the  daughter  of  Jupiter  and  Ceres.   LU. 

sq.  R.     Horace  himself  was  perhaps  in-  If. 

*2k 


250 


THE  sATiiU!:.b 


sAI".    >. 


Descendant  regcs  et  sicca  morte  tyranni. 

Eloquium  ac  famam  Demosthcnis  aut  Ciceronis 
115  Incipit  optare  ct  totis  Quinquatribus  optat, 

Quisquis  adhuc  uno  partam  colit  asse  Minervaniy 

Quem  scquitur  custos  anguste  vemula  capste. 

Eloquio  sed  uterque  porit  orator:  utrumque 

Largus  et  exiindans  leto  dedit  ingenii  fons. 
120  Ingenio  manus  est  ct  cervix  c^esa;  nee  umquani 

Sanguine  causidici  maduerunt  rostra  pusilli. 

"  O  fortunatam  natam  me  consule  Romani !" 


113.  '  By  a  bloodless  (Le,  a  natural) 
death.'  VS,  ut  ferrum  Marte  crunitum, 
iieeum  pace,  feras ;  Claud.  I^  Stil.  ii. 
15sq.  (A:.)fi. 

115.  The  quinquatTta  was  a  festival 
(iDslituted  by  Domitian,  FA,)  in  honour 
of  Minerva,  VS,  as  the  patroness  of  arts 
and  sciences.  It  began  on  March  the  19th, 
and  lasted,  as  the  name  imports,  for  five 
days,  during  which  the  schools  were  shut 
up.  G.  M,  Ov.  F.  ill.  809  sqq.  vi.  651  sqq. 
(H.)  Gell.  ii.  21.  Suet  Dom.  4.  PA. 
Hor.  II  Ep.  ii.  197.  R, 

1 16.  '  The  boy  at  the  bottom  of  the 
school,  who  has  not  yet  paid  his  annual 
compliment  to  the  master  more  than 
once.'  M.  R,  This  fee  was  called  Mi' 
nerval,  and  was  presented  at  the  above 
festival.  PaUada  nunc  pueri  tenertrque 
ornate  pueUa  -  9111  bene  plaearit  PaUada, 
doetut  erit ;  Ov.  F.  iii.  815  sq.  PR, 

117.  This  is  a  very  natural  image  of 
little  master,  going  to  school  with  a  ser- 
vant larl  (called  capuiriu^)  to  carry  his 
satchel  of  books  af^r  him.  M.  PO,  Suet. 
Ner.  36.  PR,  The  expressions  vwnmla 
and  angvita  are  to  denote  that  this  aspi- 
rant after  eloquence  was  a  mere  child. 
H, 

118.  Gell.  XV.  28.  PR. 

119.  Cf.iii.74.  R, 

120.  Ingenio ;  the  abstract  for  the  con- 
crete. R, 

Cicero  was  murdered  by  the  second 
tiiumviratc.  Antony,  whom  Juvenal  sup- 
poses to  have  been  particularly  irritated 
by  the  second  Philippic,  despatched  a 
band  of  assassins  after  liim.  who  overtook 
him  as  be  was  proceeding  tu  the  sea-side. 
He  made  no  resistance,  but  looking  sternly 
on  the  leader,  C.  Popilius  Lenas,  whose 
life  he  had  formerly  saved,  and  thrusting 
his  neck  as  forward  as  he  could  out  of  the 


litter,  he  bade  bim  take  what  he  wanted. 
The  ungrateful  wretch  cut  off  hii  head 
and  his  hands,  and  carried  them  to 
Antony,  who  rewarded  hiro  for  the 
agreeable  present  with  a  civic  crown ! 
and  a  large  sum  of  money.  The  heul 
was  fixed  on  the  Rottra,  between  the  two 
hands,  (where,  u  we  find  from  Flonii, 
the  people  ran  as  eagerly  to  aee  hia 
relics,  as  formerly  to  hear  hit  elot^nence,) 
a  piece  of  impotent  revenge,  which,  not 
long  after,  recoiled  on  the  antbor  of  It. 
Speaking  of  Antonint  (the  grandfather  of 
the  triumvir),  who  fell  in  the  bloody 
proscription  of  Sylla,  Cicero  haa  an  ob- 
servation of  striking  aingolarity :  ui  kit 
ipsis  roUris  in  qnibiu  Hie  rtmpvbliemm  cvn- 
itanti»%ime  consul  dtfendermt,  poritum  em- 
put  illud  fuit,  a  quo  erant  wtuktmrn 
civium  capita  tervata  !  Never  could  it  be 
more  truly  said,  mntato  irmam*.  dt  U 
fubula  narratur,  Hor.  I  S.  i.  69  aq.  G. 
LU,  Plut.  Ant.  and  Cic.  Qnint.  Decl. 
cclxix.  Sen.  Snas.  vii.  A. 

121.  Minus  in  pamat  fertummfmi, 
modicisque  rdtut  longiut  inmm  of.  /*£/'. 

Natet  Antiatium  partim  in  ticMlia 
Romit  iubdudm  ;  ;Mrf  im  inemum,  vwfrif* 
9«e  earum  Muggettum  in  Jim  exttnteium 
adomari  plaeuit ;  r  9 1 1  r  «  qua  id  tmnpium 
appellatum;  Liv.viii.  14.  PR.  Thiiepot 
was  in  front  of  the  Cvria  Hceiilia,  Lu, 

122.  This  is  a  verse  of  Cicero'e  on  the 
occasion  of  the  discovery  and  toppieniofi 
of  Catiline's  conspiracy.  It  is  con- 
demned for  its  cacophony.  Qniot  IX. 
iv.  4.  LU,  XL  i.  Sen.  Deel.  iU.  d*  L  iii. 
37.  Diomed.  ii.  R,  '*  How  fortunate 
a  natal  day  was  thine.  In  that  proud 
consulate,  O  Rome,  of  mine!"  Thia 
line,  or  some  one  like  it,  was  made  the 
Kubject  of  ridicule  during  the  author's 
life :  he  was  not,  however,  ashameil  of 


s^^-    3.  OF  JUVENAL.  261 

Antonl  gladios  potuit  contemnere,  ei  sic 
Omnia  dixiaset.     Ridenda  poemata  malo, 

^^       Quam  te  conspicuae,  divina  Philippica,  famae, 

Volveris  a  prima  quae  proxima.     Saevus  et  ilium 
Ezitus  eripuit,  quem  mirabantur  Athense 
Torrentem  et  pleni  moderantem  frena  theatri. 
Dis  ille  adyereifl  genitus  fatoque  sinistro, 

l3^    Quem  pater  ardentis  massae  fuligine  lippus 

^^  ^entimem,  for  ht  repeats  it  in  proie :  at  dafiaDce  the  swords  of  Antooy/  LU 

^  .-^Mtf  Dtetmbrm!    fu«    mt  camuU  eontemii  CatUina  gladioi,  non  per* 

P^^^tif,  tgp  dkm  vtre  nataUm  kujut  urbU,  timeseam  tuot;  Cic.  Phil.  ii.  46.  PR.  cf. 

<>^*  Or.  for  Flac    Id  the  second  Phi-  Tac.  A.  ii.  34,  6.  Hor.  £p.  iv.  16.  R. 
^^^tfkp  after  severely  retorting  upon  An-        125.  Cicero  called  his  fourteen  orations 

^y,  he  adds,  nte  vera  tibi  de  ver^lmt  against  Antony,  not  Antonians,  but 

ntpomitbo ;  iantum  dicam  breviUr  tuque  Philippics,  after  those  of  Demosthenes 

iUm,  ntfiu  ulUit  U  omnino  lUeras  nons.  against  Philip  of  Macedon.  BRL  PR» 

Tbm  is  "  the  reply  churlish,  when,  in-  Cic.  Att  ii.  1.  M. 
stead  of  answering  an  adversary,  you  dis-        126.  Volveris,  in  allusion  to  the  ro  1 1  e  d 

ahle  hb  judgement  :*'  what  he  subjoins,  volumes  of  the  ancients,  ziv.  102.  M. 
Iwwever,  b   a    noble   apology  for  his        A  prima  proiima  *  the  second.'  LU,  cf. 

lighter  studies.  It  may  be  doubted  whe-  alter  ab  undecimo  annus ;  Virg.  E.  viii.  39. 
thar  Cicero's  poetry,  generally  speaking,        127.  Exitus ;  Lucr.  iii.  1099.  R. 
daserws   the   epithet   (ridenda)  which        On  the  approach  of  the  Macedonian 

JiiTenal  b  pleased  to  affix  to  it:   the  army  under  Antipater  one  of  Philip's 

verae  in  question,  indeed,  has  long  been  generals,  Demosthenes  fled  from  Athens 

th«  jest  of  imall  wits,  and  even  the  and  sought  asylum  at  a  temple  of  Nep- 

"  Hwaiing  Martial  hawks  at  it;"  but  tune  near  Calabria  in  Thrsce.    Being 

tlwre   are  many  vigorous  and    elegant  pursued   tliither,   he  poisoned    himself. 

paanges  scattered  amongst  his  works :  FA.  VS,  Pint.  PR, 
after  all,  perhaps,  it  was  the  me  eonsnle,        128.  Orations  w«re  often  delivered  to 

and  not  the  -notaat  nalom,  the  vanity,  and  the  people  in  the  theatres:  see  Acts  ziz. 

not  the  jingle,  of  the  verse  which  pro-  29--31 .  FA,  Agathoeles  veluti  reipubliees 

▼okcd  tne  sneers  of  hU  contemporaries,  statum  formaturust  papulnm    in  thea» 

Whan    Javenal    wrote*   however,  per-  trum  ad  concionem  vocari  juhet\  Just, 

soaality  and  envy  had  long  been  extinct ;  zxii.  PR,  Tac.  H.  ii.  80.  (L/.)  C.  Nep. 

and  be  evidently  diverU  himself  with  the  Tim.  4.  {HAR,)  ER,  CI.  Cic.  qui  Pan- 

want  of  taste,  which  could  permit  so  dioniam  movebat  arte  orator  caveam  tumul" 

many  similar  sounds  to  be  crowded  into  tuosiu,  seu  luscum  ruperetur  in  PhiUppum, 

the  compais  of  a  single  line.    To  confess  causam  seu  Ctesiphontis,  actitaret,  vir  mhi- 

thtt  tratn,  there  appears,  in  many  parts  of  per  popularitate  crescens  et  jntte  residens 

Ciceio*s  works,  a  predilection  for  trifles  of  in  artefnndi ;  Sidon.  xxiii.  136  »qq.  R. 
thiakind,  derived,  perhaps, ft om  his  lone        129.  Pers.  iv.  27.    Hor.  II  S.  iii.  6. 

aeqnaintance  with  the  rhetoricians  and  123.  vii.  14.  R. 

grammaiians  of  Greece.    Middleton  has        130.  The  father  was  a  sword-cutler  in 

Mbooied  to  establish  hb  poetical  charac-  large  business,  and  kept  two  and  twenty 

tcr ;  Plntarch,  he  says,  reckons  Cicero  men  in  constant  employ.  VS.  FA.  iiv  /Av 

wnong  the  most  eminent  of  the  Roman  r*>»  xecxSt  »m)  kyaJZt  «r)^*fy  it  Iwt^u 

poets;  bnt  Plutarch's  judgement,  in  thb  Qti*9fi,vt'     S«-i««x>rr«    ti   ^«;^ai^«. 

matter,  b  of  no  great  weight.     Ilad  he  «'«i^r,  l^y^ern^ff  t^^an  fAtya  »m)  hvXsiH 

not  been  the  first  of  orators,  no  one  would  rtx^irmt  t*ut*  v-^arrtfraf    Pint. 

have  been  unjust  enough  to  style  him  the  V.  Max.  iii.  4.  eji.  2.  PR.  cf.  xiii.  44  sq. 

last  of  poeU.  G,  M.  Sidon.  ii.  23.  188.  R. 

123.  '  Had  Cicero's  oratory  been  no         Op\fiees,    per    quorum    manus    sterile 

better  than  hb  poetry,  he  might  have  set  (^r<r  genus  el  informe  perpurgatur,  multa 


'25'2  THE  SATIRES  sat.  x- 

A  carbone  et  forcipibus  gladiosque  parante 
Incude  et  luteo  Vulcano  ad  rhetora  misit* 
Bellorum  exuviae,  truncis  affixa  tropseis 
Lorica  et  fracta  de  casside  buccula  pendens 

135  Et  curtum  temone  jugum  victaeque  triremis 
Aplustre  et  sumnio  tristis  captivns  in  arcu 
Humanis  majora  bonis  creduntur:  ad  haec  se 
Komanus  Graiusque  ac  barbanis  endoperator 
Erexit;  causas  discriminis  atque  laboris 

140  Inde  habuit     Tanto  major  famse  sitis  est,  quam 
Virtutis.     Quis  cnim  virtutem  amplectitur  ipsam^ 
Praemia  si  tollas?  Patriam  tamen  obruit^olim 
Gloria  paucorum  et  laudis  titulique  eupido 
Haesuri  saxis  cinerum  custodibus;  ad  quas 


fuligiue    oblinuntur 'f    Sen.   £p.  94.  juges  stantesque  dncu  in  curribut  altis, 

R.  Fabriciot,  Curios,  hinc  DrusM,  inde  Cb- 

131.  Versantque tenaei forcipe mauam ;  millos,  tub  pedibusque  dueum  eaptiv09 
Virg.  JE,  viii.  453.  PR.  popUte  JUxo  ad  juga  depreuo*  manibutqme 

132.  *  Sooly.'  IjU,  in   terga  retorti$;    Pnid.  Sym.  ii.  GH. 
Vulcan  was  the  god  of  fire  and  forges.  The  poet  here,  by  the  way,  ridicules  the 

PR,  absurd  ambition  of  Domitian,  qui  Janm 

Rhelora  viz.  Iseeus.  SC!L  He  could  arcutque^  cum    quadiigU    et    in»ignibuM 

not  afford  to  place  him  under  Isocrates.  triumphorum,per  regionet  Urbik  tantot  me 

Plut.  PR,  tot  fx'stnixit,  ut  cuidam  Grtfct  interiptum 

133.  C!ompare  Virgil's  description  of  sit  "  «(«i7l"  Suet.  13.  R, 

a  tropltv.  JE.  xi.  1  sqq.  (IIY.)  so  called  138.  '  Roman'  viz.    Marius,    Sulla^ 

from  r^«flrjt  *  the  enemy's  turning  to  fly.'  Pompey,    Caesar,    &c.      '  Greek'    viz. 

PR,    Suet.  Ca!S.  11.  KR,  PTR,  ii'i,  12.  Pausanias,   Lysander,  Alexander,  Ace. 

R,  *  Barbarian'  viz.  Hannibal,  Antiocbus. 

134.  7^»nra  (originally  made  of  lori  Xerxes,  Jugurtha,  Mithridates,  &c.  It. 
'  thongs/  LU,)  *  a  cuirass  ;*  which  is  de-  LU. 

rived  from  cuir  *  leather,'  for  the  same  141.  Nee  facile  iuvenies  muHis  in  mil- 
reason,  libus  vnum,  virtutem  pretium  qui  putti 

Buccula  '  the  beaver.'  M,    There  was  ei$e  tui ;  ipse  decor  recti,  facti  ti  pr<gmia 

one  for  the  protection  of  each  cheek.  Lr/.  desint,  wm  mnvetf  et  gratis  pmiitet  cue 

It  was  made  of  metal,  flexible,  and  fast-  prolmm  ;  Ov.  Pont.  II.  iii.  7  sqq.  satis  est 

ened  under  the  chin  :  alii  de  coucavo  tihi  in  ipsa  comcientia  pulcherrimi  facti  Jruc 

cassidis  exituro  fiexilium  lamiuarum  vin-  tu$;  Cic.  Phil.  ii«  PR.  **  Virtue  seldom 

cula  diffibulant ;  Sidon.  Ill  Kp.  iii.  p.  64.  walks  forth,"  it  has  been  said,  "  without 

cf.  xi.'l03.  Sil.  xiv.  158.  163.  Horn.  U.  Vanity  at  her  side."  M, 

£  743.  (HY,)  R,}  Our  life-guards  have  142.  Qua  cacitate  homines  cum  queS' 

a  similar  appendage  to  their  helmets.  dam  praclara  etiam  cuperent,  eaque  r«- 

136.  Aplustre  '  the  flag.'  LU,   It  was  scirrnt,  nee  ubi,uec  qualia  essent,funditu^ 

an  ornamental  part  of  the  galley,  VS.  out  ulii  cverterunt  suas  civitates,  alii  ipsi  oeei-' 

of  which  itiee  a  staff  with  a  streamer  on  dernni ;  ^t.  Cic  T.  Q.  iii.  4.  PR*   Liv. 

the  top.  AD,     Sil.  X.  324.  7?.   note  on  vi.  14.  6.  R. 

m^Xmenr  Her.  vi.  114.  113.  '  Of  a  few'  viz.  Marius,  SalU, 

Tiiumphal  arches  were  at  first  built  of  (Mnna,  Pompey,  Cssar,Crassus,Anton7y 

brick,  afterwards  of  hewn  stone,  and  at  Octavius.  I  iS.  LU.  R, 

length  of  marble.    LU.    f'ruxira   igitur  144.  •  To  be  inscribed  on  the  maible.' 

currus  summo  mirumnr  I n  arcu  quadri-  I'S. 


»^^-    X.  OF  JUVENAL.  253 

145      IDiscutienda  valent  sterilis  mala  robora  ficus  : 

^uandoquidem  c        dunt  ipsis  quoque  fata  sepulcris. 
Hxpende  Hannibalem :  quot  libras  in  duce  summo 
Jnyenies  ?    Hie  est,  quern  non  capit  Africa  M auro 
Percussa  Oceano  Niloque  admota  tepenti, 

15^       Rursus  ad  iEthiopum  populos  altosque  elephantos. 
Additur  imperiis  Hispania :  Pyrenaeum 
Transiilit     Opposuit  natura  Alpcmque  iiivemque : 
Diducit  scopulos  et  montem  ruinpit  aceto. 

^^^- •The  wild  fig- tree' often  displays  savou^ite  leones;  iv.  667.    Juvenal  had 

^ '  ^iichievoas  powers'  by  insinuating  probably  in  his  view  another  passage  of 

i^  ^Oot  iDto  the  miDUtest  fissure,  and  thus  the  same  author  :  ipsa  natat  tellus  pelagi 

fnctario^  and  destroying  the  monuments  luttrata  corona,  cingentis  medium  I'tquidU 

of  tQbqnity.  nuxrmora  Mtnulafindh  ca-  amplexibut  orbemf  inque  sinus  pontum  re- 

fifieiu;  Mart  X.  ii.  9.  LU,  Pers.  i.  24  eipit,  qui  vespere  ab  atro  tulmissus  dextra 

fqq.  (CAS.)  M.   Prop.  IV.  v.  74.  Plin.  Numidas   Libyamque  calentem  atluit  et 

XVI.  J  9.  Isid.  xvii.  6.  Hor.  Ep.  v.  17.  R.  magna  quondam  Carthaginis  arces;  Utora- 

i46.  Prop.  III.  ii.  \9,v\q,  monimenta  que   in   Syrtes  revoeans   sinuata  vadosat 

^iiteunt,  WMTs  etiam  saxis  naminibusque  r urs  urn  usque  ad  Nilumdirectisjluetibus 

vtmt ;  Anson.  Ep.  xzxv.  9  sq.  i?.  exit ;  596—602.  HK. 

147. '  Wei$:h  tne  remains  of  Hannibal.*  151 .  '  To  the  dominions  of  Carthage/ 

F.S'.  i  vmn  fuuM^it,  ftv,  rif^ns  y»*ns  R. 

2ry»p  ijcst  /MfMv;  Leonid.  Ep.  Ixix.  6.  in  *  Spain'  was  first  invaded  by  Aroilcar 

Br»  An.  ct  Prop.  II.  vii.  51.  IV.  xi.  14.  And  Asdrubal.      Hannibal    established 

Or.  M.  xii  615  sq.  Plin.  ii.  68.  R.    Sir  more  firmly  the  footing  of  his  countrymen 

John  Patenon  (see  Statist.  Ace.  of  Scot-  there.  LU. 

land)  had  the  curiosity  to  collect  and  '  The  Pyrenees/  between  Spain  and 

weigh  the  ashes  of  a  person  discovered  a  France.  LU. 

hm  years  since  in  the  parish  of  Eccles ;  152.  '  He  bounds  across.'  G.  cf.  Liv. 

which  he  was  happily  enabled  to  do  zxi.  5 — 23. 

whh  great  facility,  as  '*  the  inside  of  the  *  lias  placed  as  a  barrier.'  has  tranS' 

coffin  was  smouUi,  and  the  whole  body  seendisse  quoque  mirum  fuit,  atque  in  por- 

visible/'     Wonderful  to  relate,  he  found  tento    prope    majores    habuere  Alpes    ab 

the  whole  did  not  exceed  in  weight  one  Hannibale  exmperatai  et  postea  a  Cimbrisi 

cmoce  and  a  half!  G.  Plin.  xxxvi.  pro,  PR.  Liv.  v.  34.  xxi.  30. 

148.  '  The  Moorish  Ocean.'  Hor.  II  Kutilius  has  imitated  our  author:  ex- 
Od.  vi.  3.  R.  cubiis  iMtii  prerlexuit  {Dens)  Apenninum 

Capit  ;    cf.  168.  non  orhitu  folis,  non  dauUraqne  montanis   vix   adeunda   viis. 

iiitim  natura  capit ;  Claud.  Ruf.  ii.  155.  invidiam  timuit  natura  parumque  pulavit 

Jt,  Arctois  Alpes  opjMsuiMe  minis  S^c.  Itin.  ii. 

149.  Cf.  vi.  527  note.  Many  of  the-  33  sqq.  Horace  has  a  similar  idea;  ne^ 
ancients  seemed  to  consider  the  Nile  as  quidquam  dens  ahscidit  pnulens  oceano 
the  boundary  between  Asia  and  Africa,  di^fociabili  terras,  si  tamen  impicc  non 
R.  Herod,  ii.  1 6.  &c.  tan^enda    rates    transsiliunt    vada  ; 

150.  Riintfi '  moreover;'  vi.  155.  M.  I  6d.  iii.  21  sqq.  R. 

Eiepkantot  firt  Africa  ultra  Si/rtiea^  *  The  Alp/  Sil.  xiii.  741.  '  and  snow.' 
aoiittuHnes,  et  in  Mauritania  :  ferunt  Liv.  xxi.  35—37.  Sil.  iii.  518  :»qq.  R, 
Xih'utptt  et  Troglodyta  ;  sed  maximos  1D3.  *  He  cleaves.'  Polybius  omits, 
India',  Plin.  viii.  U.'9sq.  PR.  Polyb.  as  fabulous,  the  story  of  the  vinegar; 
▼.  84.  App.  Syr.  31.  R.  This  denotes  but  it  is  given  bv  Livy  xxi.  37.  bCH, 
the  interbr  of  Africa,  as  the  two  pre-  and  Appian  B.  H.  4.  cf.  Sil.  iii.  640. 
ceding  lines  ftignify  the  western  and  east-  R.  Plin.  xxiii.  1.  M.  See  Whitaker's 
cm  parts  respectively.  ACH.  Manilius  learned  and  inj^enious  work  on  this  sub- 
says  of  iEthiopia  et  vastos  eUphantes  hab.t  ject  :  G.  and  note  on  171. 


254  THE  SATIRES  sat,  x. 

Jam  tenet  Italiam  :  tamen  ultra  pergere  tendit, 
155  ^^  Actum"  inquit  ^^  nihil  est,  nisi  Poeno  milite  portas 

Frangimus  et  media  vexillum  pono  Subura." 

O  qualis  facies  et  quali  digna  tabella, 

Quum  Gaetula  dueem  portaret  belua  luscum ! 

Exitus  ergo  quis  est  ?   O  gloria  !  yincitur  idem 
160  Ncmpe  et  in  exsilium  praeceps  fugit  atque  ibi  magnus 

Mirandusque  aliens  sedet  ad  pra;toria  regis, 

Donee  Bithyno  liboat  vigilare  tyranno. 

Finem  animae,  quae  res  humanas  miscuit  olim, 

Non  gladii,  non  saxa  dabunt,  nee  tela;  sed  ille 
165  Cannarum  vindex  ac  tanti  sanguinis  ultor, 

Annulus.     I,  demens,  et  saevas  curre  per  Alpes, 

Ut  pueris  placeas  et  declamatio  fias  ! 

Unus  Pellaeo  juveni  non  sufficit  orbis : 

iEstuat  infelix  angusto  limite  mundi, 
170  Ut  GyaraB  clausus  scopulis  parvaque  Seripho. 

155.    Nil    achtm   credens,  dum  quid  {pratoriam^  i.  75,  note,)  of  Pnuias,  for 

siiperesfet  ni^mdum ;  Luc.  ii.  657.  'whotn  he  conducted  with  sncceM  the  war 

Pceni,  dammit,  Punki,  PR,  The  inter-  against  Eumenes.Ll/.  Liv.  ixxix.Al.  H. 
change  of  (r  and  u  is  frequent  in  Latin ;         Itit).  When  the  Romans  sent  Q.  Fla- 

for  instance,  pcrrni,  ru^,  punio:   marnia,  minius  to  Hithynia,  demanding  the  penMi 

munio ;  &c.  of  Hannibal,  lie  destroyed  himself  bj  a 

'  The  gates  of  Rome.'  LU.    cf.  Liv.  strong  poison,  which  he  had  alwa}-*  htd 

zxvi.  7 — IL  R.  in  readiness  in  his  'ring.'  Liv.xsziz.6l. 

157.  *  What  an  excellent  caricature  it  Plut  Han.  Opp.  t  i.  p.  380.  PR,  Aur. 
would  make  !'  BRT.  R.  Victor  de  Vir.  111.  42.  Some  peraoos  mb 

158.  '  The  Gntulian  beast*  is  an  ele-  gemmis  venena  eludunt,kieHi  UenAfthnttt 
phant.  LU,  iummus  Grftcia:  orator,  anuuLmjue  mortu 

Hannibal  loat  an  eye  by  the  damps  gratia   hahent;   Plin.  xzxiii.   1  i  6.  R. 

and  fatigue  in  crossing  the  marshes,  when  There  is  an  allusion  to  the  bushels  of 

ho  was  making  his  way  into  Etruria  over  rings  taken  at  Cannae.  LU, 
the  Appennines.  LU,  ipro  Hannibal f^ger         1G7.  Cf.  vii.  161  sqq.  LU,    Ot.  Am. 

oculis,  ex  venia  primum  intemperie  calores  1,  xiii.  36.  111.  i.  21.     A.  A.  ii.  561. 

et  J'rigora  variante;   eUplianto,  qui  wius  (//.  BU,)  Prop.  I.  v.  26.  \PAS,  It/.) 

superfnerat,  quod  altius  ab  aqua  exttaret,  Plin.  Ep«  VIII.  xviii.  11.  (CO.)  R. 
veetus;    vigiUis   tandem  et  nocturtio  Au-         168.  Alexaudri  magni  pectus  iMatialult 

more,  palustrique  coslo  caput  gravante,  et  laiidii,  qui  Anaxarcho  comiti  *un  ex  anc- 

quia  medendi  nee  locus  nee  tempus  erat,  toritate     Ihrnoeriti     prucepV'^ii     i.-i»H- 

altero  iKulo  capitur  ;    Liv.  xxit.  2.    Pint,  merabiics  mundos  esse  refirent* ,  "  htn  m§* 

PR,    Polyb.  iii.  79.    C.  Nep.  Han.  4.  inquit   *'  miser um^  quod  ne   uno  qnidem 

■K.  adhuc    potitus   sum  /"      angusta    hrfmiui 

159.  '  He  is  vanquished'  by  Scipio  in  gloria  pivf^essio  fuit,  qtia  'lettrum  miiiiium 
Africa.  LU,  Liv.  xxx.  29 — 37.  R,  damicilio  sufficU  ;  \.  Max.  viii.  14.  rxi.  2. 

160.  Being  accused  by  the  Romans  at  PR,  Plut.  Alex,  ft  Them.  LU,  Sen. 
Carthage,  he  fled  first  to  Antiochus  king  Phil.  Kp.  91.  1 19.    Q  Curt  R.  . 

of  S5ria.  7^(7.  Liv.  xxxiii.  47 — 19.  xxxiv.        He  was  born  at  Pella  the  seat  of  the 
60  sq.  XXXV.  14.  19.  xxxvi.  7.  15.  /?.  Macedonian  empire.  VS, 

161.  From  Syria  he  fled  to  the  court         170.   G\tar*r  \  i.  73.   Seripko\  vi.  6t>3. 


SAT.  X.  OF  JUVENAL.  255 

Quum  tamen  a  figulis  munitam  intraverit  urbcni, 
Saicophago  contentus  erit     Mors  sola  fatctur, 
QriHntuIa  siDt  hominum  corpuscula.     Creditur  olini 
Velificatus  Athos  et  quidquid  Gra}cia  mendax 
1 75  Aiidet  in  historia :  constratum  classibus  isdem 

Sujipositumque  rotis  soliduin  mare :  credimus  altos 
Defecisse  aiiines  epotaque  flumina  Medo 
Prandente,  et  madidis  cantat  quae  Sostratus  alls. 

LC    Stratonicub.  who  whs  banished  to  us  Affect   such    waDton  and  irregular 

the  former  spot  for  defamatioDt  fouiifl  it  paths  ;  When  tliat's  ^ne,  wc  are  (juict 

so  ancoui  for  table,  that  he  ooe  day  asked  as  the  earth,  And  think  no  more  of  wan- 

his  hott  «^h\t  crime  was  punished  with  dering;"  Shirley,  The  VVeddinj;.  G. 
exile   m  hi<«  country.     Ine  man  said         174.  Athnst  now  '  Monte  Santo,* — a 

■*  rerjury."     "  Why  do  you  not  for-  peninsula  of  Macedonia.     Plin.  iv.  10. 

8we.ir    yonnklf    then/'   replied  Strato-  PR,     remige    Medo    saticUalM    Athos ; 

nicof^.  "  to  get  sent  away  from  this  de-  Claud,  iii.  336.  J^     A  canal  somewhat 

testable  place  1"  O,  less  than  that  of  Ulackwnll  would   be 

171.  The  walls  of  Babylon  were  of  sufficient  for  the  ancient  triremes:   and 

brick:  dicHur  altum  eoctiUbut  irk  r  is  yet  even  that,  if  neglected,  would   be 

ciuguu  Sgmiramii  urbem  ;  Ov.  M.  iv.  57  completely  filled  up  in  a  few  centuries.  G. 

■q.  3/.  VS,    Diodor.  it.  7.  iii.  4.    Justin  See  the  notes  on  Herod,  vii.  24.     Basil 

i.S.  PR. /d.  xii.  13.  LfMIer.  i.  178  sq.  HairsTrav.inN.Am.v.i.p.  173.  Diary 

Cart.  V.  1.    Alexander  died  at  Babylon  of  an  Invalid,  v.  ii.  p.  63.  compared  with 

0B  the  sine  day  that  Diugeoes  died  at  r.  1 53. 

Corinth.     D.  Laerl.  VI.  ii.  11.     Plut.         Graevrum  dictoqui$augendi  omnia  stu- 

Opp.  t.  i.  p.  705  sqq.     Arrian  Al.  dium  est ;  Aur.  Vict.  Cal.  LU.  portentona 


vii«  Seneca  8nas.  W,  H.  Grac'ut  mendacia  ;  Plin.  v.  1.  PR,  cf.  xiv. 

ITS.  SmMMfuyn  was  the  name  of  a  240.  Her.  vii.  20  sqq.  viii.  1  s<iq.  Diodor. 

Sliir  kind  of  itoue,  found  in  veins  at  xi.  2 — 5.    Isoc.    Panatli.    /l>ch.   Pers. 

I  a  pramontorv  of  Troai,  which  was  Strab.  xiii.  Plut.  Them,  and  Aii*.  Claud, 

to  eoBMime  Uie  flesh  of  bodies  de-  Ruf.  i.  336  sqn.  ii.  120  sqq.  (  B.  A'.^  Just 

niilM  UMNia,  Ib  the  space  of  forty  ii.  10.    Virt;.  Cut.  21)  sqq.  Ilimer.  Or.  ii. 

«M.  8A.    Plin.  ii»  96.  ixzvi  17  s  37.  p.  408.  {WE,)  R.  Note  on  Her.  vii.  35. 

r&  I>ioBQOr.f.  14S.  Ii.  [Livv  xxviil.  43,  6.  KD,] 

Hall  bat  aUnenlluaon  to  this  sen-  176.  Cf.  Suet.  Cal.  U).  PR.    I.ucr. 

^mm ;  "  Fond  fool  t  six  feet  shall  serve  iii.  1042  sqq.  R. 

ftr  nil  thy  alon,   Aod   he  that    cares  177.  Viz.  the  Scamaoder,  the  Ono- 

fer  nuMtt  fhall  find  no  more."    What  chonus.the  Apidanus.andlhePIchedorus; 

hniBooioas  monosyllablei !    but  this  is  Her.  vii.  42.  196.  R, 

mpniied  by  that  beautiful  and  pathetic  '  I'he   Mede*  may  either   mean  the 

apnrtiopliu  Jl  i-'rlnce  Henry  to  the  lifeless  Asiatic  hosts,  LU,  or  Xerxes,  king  of  the 

nwniiii  of  Hotipur  :    *'  rare  thee  well,  Medes  and  Persians.  Thuc.  i.  92.  &c. 

grant  hnart !    lil-weaved  ambition,  how  178.  Of  Sottralus  the  poet  nothing  is 

mwA  art  thou  shrunk  !  When  that  this  known.    The  extravagant  flights  of  hu 

body  did  contain  a  spirit,  A  kingdom  for  fancy  appear  to  have  been  inlluenced  by 

it  wns  too  uniall  a  bound;  I)nt  now,  two  his  copious  libalions  to  the  c:od  of  wine. 

pocetoflhe  vilest  earth  Is  room  enough!"  LU.UR,  cf.  xv.  47.  R,    The  meaning 

K.  H.  IV.  pt.  i.  A.  V.  8C.  iv.  The  reader  may  be  that  Sostratus  flew  heavily  and 

of  taste  and  feeling  will  be  pleased  with  was  unable  to  soar  fllor.  I V  Od.  ii.  27.\ 

the  fiDllowing  ezqniaite  allusion  to  the  from  his  wings  being  'urcharged  with 

sane  passage :   "  Does  this  enclose  his  moisture ;  HK,  not  with  what  i«  vulgarly 

corpse  !  Huw  little  room  Do  we  take  up  called  "heavy  wet."     There  is  indeed 

in  death,  that,  living,  know  No  bounds !  a  favourite  English  Bacchanalian  sotifr 

Here,  without  marmnring,  we  can  Be  in  which   a  threat  is  held   out,  if  old 

rifcumscribcd  :  it  is  the  soul,  that  makes  father  Time  is  caught,  "In  rosy  wine  to 


•J56  THE  SATIRES  sat.  x. 

lUc  tamen  qualis  rcdiit  Salamiue  relicta, 
180  In  Corum  atque  Eurum  solitiis  sapvire  flagellis 

Barbarus,  JEolio  iiuinquam  hoc  in  carcere  passes, 

Ipsiim  compedibu.s  qui  vinxerat  Ennosigecum  ? 

Mi  tins  id  sano,  quod  non  ct  stigmate  dignum 

Credidit.     Huic  quisquam  vellet  servire  Deorum? 
185  Sod  qualis  rcdiit?  Nenipe  una  nave,  cruentis 

Eluctibus,  ac  tarda  per  densa  cadavera  prora. 

Has  totics  optata  excgit  gloria  pcenas. 

^^  Da  spatium  viUr,  multos  da,  Jupiter,  annos!'* 

Hoc  recto  vultu  solum,  hoc  et  pallidus  optas. 
190  Scd  quam  continuis  et  quantis  longa  scnectus 

dip  liis  win<;B;"  but  the  latter  intcrpre-         186.  Kitlier  this  is  hyperbolical ;  oi  it 

tation  seems  mure  natural,  cf.  v.  101,  alludeH  to  the  Persians  i&  the  king's  »uite 

note.  throwing  tlieinselves  overboard  to  save 

179.  *  After  his  defeat  by  the  Greeks.'  his  life.  Her.  viii.  1 18  sq.  A.  sec  the  notes. 
VS,  medius  inter  suonim  cadav9rM  i»- 

180.  *  The  north-west  wind  and  south-  uuit ;  Sen.  de  Ira  III.  zvli.  1. 

east  wind,' Flin.iL  47.  PR.  for  de$trov-  188.  'Ox^-fs^^f  o  xi^**f   «   VfX^'    J 

ing  liift  bridges  over  the  Hellefpont.  LU,  ynfetg  ^m»u.  is  f'^Siv  iya^i^,  ^y^tfi  )k 

cf.  Sen.  Const.  Sap.  4.    V.  Max.  iii.  2.  ttoXX'  i^M  roTg  ^*^i  »«!  XiKr«f«*    nwru 

€zt.   3.     Accordinq^    to    Iferodotus    he  tU  n  it  ix^ut  »ft.it  iv;^«^!^«  mmi  r«fv- 

whipped  the  waves  and  not  the  winds,  ^i^tf/ir  ^MenanU.G.  quam  bent  vitai,wm 

11,  quam  diUf  refert ;   in  hoe  anitm  be>ie  dt 

181.  '  Xerxes;'  mjin  in  nomine  super'  iapinSt  ne  diu  ;  Sen.  Ep.  101.  LU,  PR, 
hia  et  imfK*teniifi  hnhiiaty  V.  M^LX.iT,  b,  189.    <  both    well    and    sick/    FA^ 
cxt,  2.   R,    i  /}<^^««*c'     Thuc.  i.   18.  *  whether  happy  or  sad/   VS,  *  boUJj 
&c.                              ^  and  anxiously  :    cf.  Pers.  ii.  8.  LU,  n. 

'  The    .'Eolian   prison'  alludes  to  the  -  401.  R, 
description  ^iven  in  Virg.  Jv.  i.  51  sq(|.         190.   Ih  i/W^hmiv,  sSorcf  vfut  In 
(//}",  exc.)  /^r\  Xi^avf    «'^«*r«,   f*»y*t     i^Strm,    Ms&wnr 

182.  i-.'ii;<(i.w'<;<«uin.  cf.  Gell.  ii.  28.  PJ2.  rir^m^tt  lTntt»upirm,  xmiS^iic  ^i  riit 
Sen.  N.  Q.  vi.  (i — 8.  Jl,  *Efv§^4y eu»s*  p7tti,  Xttfitif  %i  r 911  i^fmXfuvi  fitr rit  Strm, 
Horn.  II.  H  4>'>.5.  note  on  Her.  vii.  .'jH.  •»«!»  in  nib  it^iru,  7/ft^v;^'«»  vttm  ri£^«f, 

183.  *'Hdr:  Vi  r.Kcvtto.  ie  k»i  rriylaf  iri  r£t  *i»0f  iutrMyt>.^fMt&9'  Loc.  J). 
uxivrifji'ypi  rrilttvaf  rav  * EkkKfravraf  Alort.  vL  2.  MuxilD.  Kl.  i.  in  H'£/i  PoeC. 
Iler.vii.  35.  vriyfAartt  wcrc  letters  bran-  L.  Min.  t.  vi.  Plin.  vii.  50.  Hor.  A.  P. 
dcd  on  the  forehead  of  fugitive  slaves  ltJ9  sqq.  contrasted  with  Cic.  de  Sen.  A. 
iind  ro{i;ues  ;  xtv.  24.  V.  Max.  ii.  29.  In  this  striking  description  of  old  a^e, 
Petr.  vi.  8.  epigrammata;  Id,  L03.  /'.  Juvenal  seems  to  have  thought  of  a  pas* 

184.  '  In  mythology  we  have  stories  of  sage  in  Crates,  thus  admirably  renderad 
the  gods  deigning  to  serve  mortals  :  thus  by  Cumberland  :  "  Hurd  chdce,  for  mao 
Apollo  lived  with  Admotus  in  the  cnpa-  to  die,  or  else  to  be  Thai  tottcringv 
city  of  shepherd  ;  Neptune  worked  for  wretched,  wriukled  thing  you  see.  A^ 
Laomedon  as  a  mason  and  biicklaycr ;  llien  we  all  prefer ;  for  age  we  pray, 
but  I  much  question  whether  any  of  the  And  travel  on  to  life's  last  lingering  day ; 
celestials  would  trust  themsc-lves  within  Then  sinking  slowly  down  from  worse  to 
the  clutches  of  his  Persian  majesty.'  ]'S,  worse,  Find  heaven's  extorted  boon  our 
FH.  greatest  curse."     Dut  indeed  the  idea  it 

IS").  Pisratoria  scaphn  \  Justin,  ii.  13.  sutificienlly  obvious,  and  has  had  good 
fnif  ^•iti^^tir  Her.  viii.  118.  R,  Sen  things  said  on  it  in  every  age:  here  is  one 
the  note.  of  them  :    "  Some  comfort  We  have  in 


^T   s.  OF  JUVENAL.  t257 

Plena  malis !  Defonnein  et  tetnim  ante  omnia  vultum 
Dissimilenique  sui,  defonnem  pro  cute  pellcm 
Pendentesque  genas  et  tales  adspice  rugas, 
QualcSy  umbrifcros  ubi  pandit  Tabraca  saltus, 

195  In  vetula  scalpit  jam  mater  simia  bucca. 

Plurima  sunt  juvenum  discrimina;  pulcrior  ille 
Hoc,  atque  ille  alio;  multum  hie  robu&tior  illo: 
Una  senumiacies,  cum  voce  trementia  membra 
Et  jam  Icve  caput  madidique  infantia  nasi. 

200  FrangenduB  misero  gingiva  panis  inermi : 
Usque  adeo  gravis  uxori  natisque  sibique, 
Ut  captatori  moveat  fastidia  Cosso. 
Non  eadem  vini  atque  cibi,  torpentc  palate, 

dnMug   tally — ^we  txiHre,  And    not  mmstrMissima  btitia ;  Cic.  dti  Div.  ii.  €9. 

vwobI  mnvh  pitf;  to  live  still,  Have  ridicula  htminis  imitatio;    Galen.   PR. 

tbcir  nod  wkbei;  thug,  too,  we  prevent  Plin.  viii.  54  s  80.  xi.  44  s  100.  i?. 

The  iMllMoaie  miiery  of  ag^,  begnile  198.  "  The  sixth  age  Shifts  into  the 

Tbt  mut  ad  ihcum,  that  in  lag  hours  lean     and    slipper'd    pantaloon  ;     His 

Mtena    For   grey  approtchers ;"   Two  youthful  hose  well  saved,  a  world  too 

VMit  JSJamnuu    Again.;  "  For  as  our  wide   For  hi«  shrunk  shank ;    and  hia 

MB  flBCVMWef  10  vexations.  Griefs  of  the  big  manly  voice.  Turning  again  toward 

wad,  paiM  of  the  feeble  body.  Rheums,  childish  treble,  pipes  And  whistles  in  his 

coMhs,  catanbi,-^we*ra  but  our  livinpr  sound ;"  Shaksp.  As  You  Like  It,  II.  vii. 

COWM;  Beaidea,  tlie  fair  sou1*b  old  too  ;"  199.  '  A  nnse  drivelling  as  iA  infancy.* 

Wife  for  a  Alooth.     And  Spenser,  in  a  T'-^'    yU^tra  /n  »a)  ^«x««^)f  «Vr«  Mmi 

flaaia  of  forpaasuig  beauty, "  O  whv  do  XKfAmra  ^^$Ati  mm)  M^i^rm-  Luc.  I), 

wretrhcd  men  so  much  desire  Tu  Jraw  Mort.  ix.  '2.    U,     "  La^t  scene  of  all, 

their  days  unto  the  titmost  date '(  And  do  That  ends  thin  strangle  eventful  hisitory, 

aoi  rather  wish  them  rcon  expire ;  Know-  Is  second  childishness  and  mere  oblivion ; 

lag  tiM  miseries  of  their  estate.  And  thou-  Sans  teeth,  5;ans  cyc!«,  sans  taste,  sans 

sand  pcr.li  which  them  atill  awate.  Toss-  every  thing ;"  Sh.  ibid. 

iof  tLrfn  like  a  boat  amid  the  mayne:  300.  Teeth  arc  the  arms  of  man. 

1  !«At  e%erf  hour  they  knock  at  I>cathe*s  Plin.  vii.  16.  PR,  orafxarmatai  Sidon. 

fate ;  And  he  that  happiest  seems,  and  Carm.  13.  Kp.  vii.  14-.  R,  "  And  tooth- 

teaat  in  payno.  Yet  '»  as  ni^h  his  end,  less  E>ums  to  mump  its  wretched  fare." 

as  be  that  iooost  doth  playne."  G.  G.  VS  makes  gingiva  of  the  masculine 

19*2.  '  Lnlike  itself.*   Hor.  IV  Od.  x.  gender  :  a  former  pupil  of  mine  did  the 

2—^.  A.  same,  joining  the  words  gingiva  pavis,  and 

CsiCasiiaaid  of  the  living,  ff//is  of  the  translating:  tlicm  "gin^jrerb read."  He 

dead.  GRL    The  former  Menities  '  the  lias,  tiowrver,  «inrr»  taken  a  hiL'h  degree. 

hnman  ikln,*  the  latter  *  a  bra<>t'«  hide/  201.  ^a»  Tt^iXt'^^n  juixaif  U  ayytriv 

JI.,ci^  Hom.  Od.  N480  sqq.  Apoll.  ii.  fiVt^s  «*»4v   tU  clu  r^iTtrmt  T«!uTt  rh  Xu- 

SOO.  LllRr.  Tl.  1368.  (^ IF.)  Hor.  Ep.  Xvii.  7«^fi>4>     %Zrm%  itrXr^xg  r«>  tXif  fun,  tii 

45,  23.  (Aff.)  R«  fi»^v  y  Ikfiirf  yn^ag,  «  T^t^fivntt  y'tynrmi 

I94|  TalnnnM,  now  '  Tabarca,'  in  the  ilu^tXaf  Anthol.  O.  Arist.  Rh.  II.  xv. 
vidnilyof  Tiiius.   On  the  African  coa^t,        202.  CapUitor ;  y.  9H.  M.  cf.  note  on 

Pflsidooiiis  saw  a  vast  number  of  apes,  i.  139.  This  Ipfracy-hunter  seems  to  have 

•ad  was  mach  amused  with  their  gam-  played  his  cards  well,  if  he  is  the  same  as 

bolt :  Stiab.  zrii.  Herod,  iv.   I'li.  the  rnjitiji  mentioned  iii.  I B'L 

195.  Sitrin    quam    nmilh    turp'uilma        203.  \tm  Mpit  palatnm ;  Cic.  I-'in.  ii. 

htttiawvku',  Eon.  in  Cic  N.  P.  i.  35.  8.  ii.     Harzillai  savs  "  I  am  this  day 

■2  L 


258  THE  SATIRES  sat.  x. 

Gaudia:  nam  coitus  jam  longa  oblivio;  vel  si 

205  Coneris,  jacct  exigiius  cum  ramice  nervus 
Et,  quamvis  tota  palpctur  nocte,  jacebit. 
Anne  aliquid  sperare  potest  haec  inguinis  aegri 
Canities?  quid,  quod  merito  suspecta  libido  est, 
Quas  Vcncrem  adfectat  sine  viribus?    Adspice  partis 

210  Nunc  damnum  altcrius:  nam  quae  cantante  voluptas, 
Sit  licet  exiniius  citharccdus  sitve  Selcucus, 
Et  quibus  aurata  mos  est  fulgere  laeenia? 
Quid  rcfert,  inagni  sedeat  qua  parte  theatri. 
Qui  vix  comicincs  exaudiat  atque  tubarum 

215  Concentus?  Clamorc  opus  est,  ut  sentiat  auris, 
Qucm  dicat  vcnissc  puer,  quot  nuntiet  horas. 
Praeterea  minimus  gelido  jam  corpore  sanguis 
Fcbre  ciilet  sola ;  circunisilit  agmine  facto 
Morborum  onino  genus :  quorum  si  nomina  quaeras, 

220  Promtius  expediam,  ciuot  amaverit  Hippia  moechos, 
Quot  Thcmisou  ccgros  auctumno  occiderit  uno, 

fouiTcore  years  old:   and  can  I  discern  cHiane.^  venu;  Mart.  VIII.  Ixvii.    Plio. 

between  good  and  evil  ?  Can  thy  servant  vii.  53.    P/?.    Suet    Dom.   16.  (EI2.) 

ta«te  what  I  eat  or  what  I  drink  ?  Can  I  Petr.  26.  (iiC/.)  /?. 

hear  any  morK  the  voice  of  sinking  men  217.  Gelidu*  tardauli  tenerta  ts^guu 

and  ringing  women  ?     Wherefoie  tiien  hehet ;    Vir^.  >F..  v.  395  m].  F'.S.    BlarU 

iihould  thy  st^rviint  be  yet  a  burden  uuto  111.  xciii.  17.  Sen.  Ep.  68.  H. 

my  lord  the  king  r*  2Sdm.xix.35.  A/.  218.  Cf.  vi.  293,  note.  A.  iii.  163, 

204.  *  For  now  the  rites  of  love  are  note.  M. 

long  forgotten :  should  you  attempt  their  219.  Seneetui  i|uaestmcrhu^\  Ter.  Ph. 

renewal,  the  bodily  energies  lie  totally  lV.i.9.   VS.  seitectHS  iH»ttnaltilhmaH»u$; 

unnerved,  and  so  will  lie  throughout  the  Sen.  Kp.subeunt  morbilritlisqueunectuti 

live-long  night,  in  spite  of  every  eflbrt  to  Virg.  G.  iii.  67.  iSCII.  teuecta  in  pmam 

arouse  them.     What  has  this  trrey  dec.re-  vivacis  tot  periculorum  gtntra,  («f  amrhi, 

pirude  of  just  to  hope  ?    Do  we  nut  view  tot  eur<e;   htbettHfU  iensut,  membra  tor^ 

with  juHt  suspicion  the  lechery,  that  has  pfi't,  pramaritur  visut,  aitditus,  tMM»iu» 

the  will  without  the  power  to  sini'  deiitesetiam  ac  eiborum  inttruntintai  Plin. 

211.  Seleiiciu  is  supposed   to  be  an  vii.  50.  PR, 

eminent  flute-phiycr.  FA.  Qnorum  si  nomina  quttrati   %  bemi- 

212.  Tibicen  trarit  vagus  per  pitfptta  stich  of  Ovid's.  5C/7.  ut  tetat  mala  m€rx, 
ve<ttm  ;  I  lor.  A.  P.  215.  FA.  uti  citha-  mala  e»t  tergo!  nammpluTimatpeaummMf 
radus  eutn  prodieiit  optime  vestihu,  jwUa  cum  adcenit,  off9rt\  qua%  u  autummm  om^ 
inaurata  indntus^  cum  chlamyde  purpurea  tieis,  nimit  longvt  *''r*no  wif ;  Plflint.  M^n* 
colaiibux  variis  i}itexta,cnm  cormia  iiiirfti,  V.  ii.  G  sqq.  (r,  $mrm  tLv  fui  Z  KwmtM^ 
wapiis  fulgentihii  fremmis  iUumiuata  ;  taXdrmt  xvffuirm  mm)  trmfmt  St^  •i^wmi 
Cic.  to  Her.  iv.  47.  FE.  ftfaUs  mBtt^^umi,  n  m$  Ifu^  tfttrmi' 

214.  Hor.  A.  P.  2028qq.  P«.vi.250.  Luc.  Am.  2.   li. 

ie.  220.  XV.  19  sqq.  xvi.  32  sqq.  cf.  Sil. 

216.  They  used  to  send  their  scrvant-i  vii.  362  sqq.  Ov.  Tr.  V.  ii.  23 — 28.  R. 

to  the  Forum,  to  see  what  hour  it  was  by  Hippia ;  vi.  82.  FE. 

the  ^undiiil.  hora^  iiuimpie  purr  nondum  221.   ThemiMnt,  of  Laodicea  in  Syritt 

tibi  u'ltilial  et  lu  jam  conviva  Mthi,  (W-  was  an  eminent  phytician  of  that  time  ; 


WAT.  \.  OF  JUVENAL.  2j9 

Quot  Basilus  Bocios,  quot  circumscripserit  Hirrus 
Pupillus,  quot  longa  vinos  exsorbeat  uno 
Maura  die,  quot  discipulos  inclinct  Hamillus; 

22S  Percurram  citius,  quot  villas  possidcat  nunc. 
Quo  tondente  gravis  juveni  mihi  barba  sonabat. 
lUe  humero^  hie  lumbis,  hie  coxa  debilia,  ambos 
Perdidit  ille  oculos  et  luseis  invidct:  hujus 
Pdlida  labra  eibum  aeeipiunt  digitis  alienis; 

330  Ipse  ad  conspectum  coena?  diducere  rictum 

SuetuSy  hiat  tantum,  eeu  puUus  hirundinis,  ad  quein 
Ore  volat  pleno  mater  jejuna.     Sed  oinni 
Membroruixi  damno  major  dementia,  quae  nee 
Nomina  servorum  nee  vultum  agnoscit  am  lei, 

233  Cum  quo  prasterita  ecenavit  nocte;  nee  illos, 
Qao8  genuity  quos  eduxit.     Nam  eodicc  sosvo 
Heredes  vetat  esse  sues;  bona  tota  fcruntur 
Ad  Phialen:  tantum  artifieis  valet  halitus  oris, 


Plin.  vtixi 


k  and  a  papil  of  Ancleptades;  best  commentator  on  Juvenal)  honours 

.  1j5. (//u4.)Ath.vii.  iO. /'/^  him  with  an  epigram;   in  which,  after 

[n  Iff  MaladB  Ima^waire  of  Moli^re,  li-  bitterly  condoling  with  him  on  his  help- 

cencc  ii  given  to  a  new  doctor  of  medicine  less  old  age,  and  reckoning  up  a  variety 

*'  iarpmne  aeeitiendi  ptr  tatam  terram"  R,  of  employments  for  which  he  is  not  fit, 

'  Aotunn'  was  the  sicLly  season  :  LU.  be  points  uut  to  him  the  necessity  of  turn- 

IV.  5^.   If.  vi.  517.    /'A.  ing  baiber  again  :  mm  rhf tor,  mm  gram" 

2i22.  BatUutf  probably  the  governor  of  uiaticus,   ludive  umghter,   lum    Citnicut, 

aomcprovioce. /<t7.c:r.Liic.iv. 415s4f|.  K.  non  tu  Stoicus  e^.c  pute^:    vemiere   nee 

*  Has  defrauded.'  LU,  ziv.  237.  xv.  rocem  ^hulis  }AausnmqHe  theatris,  quod 
136.  A.  tujterest,  iterum,    Cinitame,  tonscr  erU\ 

Unrui,  a  dishonest  guardian  and  tnis-  VH.  Ixiv.   To  this  man  and  his  fortunes 

tec.  LU,  might  justly  be  applied  the  Sne  sarcasm 

223.  I1)e  gnardian.jrat  called  tutor,  of  Claudiao  on  the  eunuch  Kutropius : 

di*  ward piipj/fiis.  Af.  culmlne  dtjeetum  ritm  Fortunaprwri  red- 

*  How  naoy  admirers  the  tall  and  lank  didit,  insauifjam  smiatajoco;  pr.  ii.  5  sq. 
(.•iCi/.  efflanqu^,  Fr.  DX.)  Maura  re-  O.  M, 

ceivcs  in  tWe  twenty-four  hours.'  vi.  307  227.  Sen.  Kp.  101.  Jl. 

wtMrn  LU.  228.  Rnvv  is  a  common  feeling  of  the 

2U.  *  May  oorrupt.'  UG.  a^vd.  LV.  Arist.  Kh.  III.  xii.  4. 

HrnmiUmt  waa  a  schoolmaster  of  noto-  231.  'fl^  ^  S^us  irrnrt  ttafvoTvi  r^c- 

riondv  bad  character.   AT.  Mart.  VII.  ^S^fi^i  fAirrax.  Xni  xi  y^a^nvt.  xaxntt 

llJL  a,  Ji  *"t  jt  fl-iXij  eti/Tn-    lli.ru.    !l!  I  :3'Ji  *«]. 

225.  Pireurram;  cf.  xiv.  27.  K.  Pluius  ^ays  *•  Ifii  «;  InXvUettr^f  It  tn 

326.  Cf.  i.  24aq.  LV.    The  fate  of  Jiy»e^  ^ti'fitifwt  xixr^ins.  «r*"ri^  rh 

Cummmm*  aflbida  a  striking  illustration  ;^tktinm  T^twir^/Aitnt  ri-r^tyiris  »l  n- 

af  te  RTeat   tnilbs  contained  in  this  tmr"  Luc.  Tim.  t.  i.  p.  I6U.  ;^cr««>r« 

aHiiV.    Soon  after  it  was  written,  he  was  >.tftif  uirx»v  its  ;^i>j2/*i;'  Acha'us.  U, 

pimccntcd  for  anna  offisnce  not  now  2  J  J.  A«r  xal'tu  »i  yi««»rif.  U\ 

knoiTB}  sad*  toavoidoondemnatioo,  left  236.  hUimt  i.e,  ediwavA.  SCIL 

«Q  Ui  wMlth  behind  him,  and  fled  into  (Wtri;;  vii.  1 10.  M. 

Sicily.    Martial  (who  is  fref{uently  tin.  2:3!).  *  r(>  a  courte/.an  :    such  power 


260  THE  SATIRES         "^  sat. 

Quod  steterat  multis  in  carcere  fornicis  amiis. 

240  Ut  vigeant  sensus  animi,  ducenda  tamen  sunt 
Funera  natorum,  rogus  adspiciendus  amatse 
Conjugis  et  fratris  plenseque  8ororibus'ury8&. 
Haec  data  poena  diu  viventibus,  ut,  rencrpi^ 
Semper  clade  domus,  multis  in  luclibus  inque 

245  Perpetuo  mcerore  et  nigra  veste  senescant. 

Rex  Pylius,  magno  si  quidquam  credis  Homero, 
Exemplum  vitae  fuit  a  cornice  secundse. 
Felix  nimirum,  qui  tot  pet  ssecula  mortem        ^ 
Distulit  atque  suos  jam  d^xtra  domputat  annos 

250  Quique  novum  toties  mustum  bibit.     Oro,  parumper 
Adtendas,  quantum  (fe  legibus  i^se  queratur 
Fatorum  et  nimio  de  stamine,  quum  \J5et  a^is 
Antilochi  barbam  ardentem,  quum  qusprit  ab  omni, 
Quisquis  adest  socius,  cur  haec  in  tempora  duret, 

255  Quod  facinus  dignum  tarn  longo  admiserit  sevo? 
Haec  eadem  Peleus,  raptum  quum  luget  Achillem, 

has  the  breath  of  her  artfiil  mouth,  which  of  these  birds,  in  order  to  satisfy  hb  mind 

for  roaoy  a  year  was  prostituted  in  the  as  to  the  fact.  cf.  xiv.  251,  note, 

dungeon  of  a  brothel.'    VS.  GR,  LU,  *  249.  The  ancients  reckoned  with  tbeir 

notes  on  vi.  121  sqq.  Af.  fingers:  they  counted  on  the  left  hand  u 

240.  Ducenda,    The  nearest  relatives  far  as  a  iTundred,  then  on  tl^e  right  kaad 
led  the  funeral  procession.  HN.i.l46.M.  up  to  two  hundred,  after  which  they  ri- 

241.  Impotitu[U€  rogitjuvenes  ante  era  turned  to  the  left  hand  for  the  next  han- 
parentum',  Vtrg.  JE.  vi/308.  M.  dred,  and  so  on.  Tertull.  GR.  5N. 


243.  Tiarum  eet  felix  iden\gtie  tenex;  vnutrm^uv*    Lycoph.  ii\9r§xA  »^rd^ 

Sen.  L[/.  "Th^/' exclaims  poor  Swift,  K§Tyrrm^t,  ii*Xxvft»i»i   0V"m,  h' 
in  the     "        '  '  * 
Stella' 
sites 
alwayf 

bitter  aggravation,  to  have  one's  best  Plaut.  M.  01.  IL  ii.  48  tqq.  (G^.) 

friends  go  before  one."  G.  Dio  p.  119&  (REL)  R. 

245.  Note  on  iii.  212.  Af.  252.  Cf.  iii.  27.  PH. 

246.  Nestor,  the  son  of  Neleus.  and  253.  A  periphrasis  for  AnHhdkuM  dM 
•  kinp  of  Pylos'  in  Mes-jenin.  r»)t  ym^  U  son  of  Nestor,  who  was  slain  by  Memiwn. 
fttf  ^mrtf  iif^atfat  yUi  Af'ifmr  Mom.  VS.  Horn.  Od.  A.  PA.  II.  A 177  sqq.  457. 
Od.  r245.  LU.  11.  A  250  sqq.  Prop.  N  396.  545.  O  515.  576.  Dictys  iv.  6. 
II.  xiii.43— 50.  Hor.  IV  Od.  ix.  13.  li.  Q.Cal.ii:24S— 266.  Pind.P.vi.22fqq. 
Ov.  Pont.  I.  iv.  10.  PR,  Hor.  11  Od.  ix.  14.  (Af L)  Ov.  Her.  1 

247.  •  The  crow*  is  fabled  by  Hesiod  15.  (//.)  Xen.  de  Ven.  p.  974.  R. 
to  live  for  nine  generations  of  men.  Plin.  255.  Cf.  Virg.  Al.  ix.  497.  SF. 

vii.  48.  (HA.)  Marc.  vii.  5.  PR.  Hor.  1^56.  PeUut,  the  son  of  i£acut  and 

I V  Od.  xiii.  25.  ( Af /. )  R.  Lflcr.  v.  1083.  father  ofAehUUs  b/lThetis,  had  to  lament 

Mart  X.  Ixvii.    Hierocles  tells  an  anec-  his  son  who  was  shot  with  arrows,  in  lib 

dote  of  a  wiseacre,  who,  being  incredu-  vulnerable  heel,  by  Paris  and  Deiphobot 

1ou$  upon  this  point,  took  to  keeping  one  in  the  temple  of  the  Ichymbraetn  Apdio, 


sAr.   31.  OF  JUVENAL.  261 

Atque  aliuBy  cui  fiEis  Ithacum  lugere  natantem. 
Incolumi  Troja  Priamus  venisset  ad  umbras 
Assaraci  magnis  solennibus,  Hectore  fiinus 
^^    Portante  ac  reliquis  fratrum  cervicibus  inter 
Iliadum  lacrumas,  ut  primos  edere  planctus 
Cassandra  inciperet  scissaque  Polyxena  palla, 
Si  foret  exstinctus  diverso  tempore,  quo  non 
Coeperat  audaces  Paris  sedificare  carinas. 
%6  Longa  dies  igitur  quid  contulit  ?   Omnia  vidit 
Eversa  et  flammis  Asiam  ferroque  cadentem. 
Tunc  miles  tremulus  posita  tulit  arma  tiara 
Et  ruit  ante  aram  summi  Jovis,  ut  vetulus  bos, 
Qui  domini  cultris  tenue  et  miserabile  collum 

M  be  wag  on  the  point  of  marriage  with  261.  Cf.  Virg.  i£.  xi.  35.  R, 

Polyxena.  LU,  M.  Find.  P.  iii.  178  >qq.  262.  The  female  mourner,  who  took 

(Sm,)  R.  the  lead  of  the  rest  and  gave  the  note  of 

257.  Laertes  had  to  lament  his  son  preparation  to  their  cries  of  lamentation, 
Ulysns  '  kinK  of  Ithaca.'  VS.  Horn.  Od.  was  called  prttfira.  Cassandra,  from  her 
H,  PIL  cf.  xiv.  287.  Prop.  III.  xii.  32.  spirit  of  prophecy,  is  aptly  selected  for 
i?.  ^  this  office.  GR.  (cf.  2  Chron.  xxxv.  25.) 

Xmiantem  *  tost  on  the  sea  ten  years  Iler  fate  was  a  melancholy  one.     Virg. 

and  often  shipwrecked.'  FA,  LU.  AL.  i.  44.  ii.  403  sqq.  M.  iF.sch.  Agam. 

258.  Priamum  tanta  progenie  orbatum.  The  custom  of  rending  the  garment  in 
€um  in  aram  ecnfuguset,  no§tilis  manui  token  of  grief  was  both  very  ancient  and 
imUrtmil,  hietSivivhjHiis,incalumiregfio,  very  general.  PR,  note  on  mmrn^UMfrar 
teeidumtt  iiimm  tandem  a  bonis,  an   a  Her.  iii.  66. 

■uiis  diicnnstet  f    tum  profeeto  viderwtuv  Polyxena    was    another    daughter  of 

9  Waif;  Cic.  T.  Q.  i.  35.  SoeU  Tib.  62.  Priam  and  Hecuba.    She  was  immolated 

M,  Virg.  JE,  n,  601  sqq.  M,  The  mis-  at  the  tomb  of  Achilles.    Note  on  256. 

fBrtunei  of  Priam  were  proverbial.  Arist.  LU.    Juvenal  perhaps  had  in  his  mind^s 

Eth.  i.  9.  eye  that  passage  of  Kuripidf  r,  X»fiw^m 

2fiO.  ifsMfanu  was  the  brother  of  Ilus  oriarAtvf  Ui&ii^mf  Iwm/Aiht.iffnlt  X«* 

mod  «Dcle  of  Laomedon,  Priam's  father,  y^us  ilf  ftU§9,  ».  r.  X.  Hec.  556  sqq. 

BR/.  Vifg.  G.  iii.  35.  (HY.)  R,  J£,.  i.  Paila  *  a  mantle,  a  shawl.'  R. 

288.  M.  263.  '  At  an  eariier  period.'  R. 

260.  The  Ivneral  ceremonies  of  the  264.  The  epithet '  daring' is  transferred 

orienlal  nations  are  much  the  same  at  the  to  the  ships  from  Pam,  R,  who  had  the 

K^nt  day  as  in  the  age  of  Priam.  The  audacity  to  carry  off  Helen,  queen  of 

It  it  Qsually  carried   by   the  sons;  Sparta,  from  the  court  of  her  husband 

while  the  daaehters  (followed  by  a  long  Menelaus.  VS.  Hor.  1  Od.  xv.  PR. 

train  of  fema^,  sometimes  brought  to-  '  The  keels,'  as  being  the  first  timber 


are  instantly  taken  up  and  re*echoed  by  JE.  ii.  506 — 559.  r.S'. 

the  whole  procession.  It  is  a  solemn  and  266.  Cf.  Virg.  A^..  iii.  1.  M. 

an  afiSecting  service.  G.  Plin.  vii.  44.  267.  Note  on  vi.  516.  PR. 

zviii.  3.  Suet  Aug.  100.  V.  Max.  vii.  1.  268.  '  Slain  by  Pyrrhus  the  son  of 

OR.  r.l7.V.  Flac.Tii.  643.  (fi(7.)  Quint.  Achilles,  before  the  altar   of  Ilercean 

Decl  xii.  26.  (Br.)  ApoUod.  III. xii.  5.  Jove.'  H\ 

(  HY.)  R,  See  Southey,  Kehama,  i.  269.  Siemitur fxanhni$que  Uemenspro- 


262 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  X. 


i  CL 


l4JtcA 


7^ 


270  Praebet,  ab  ingrato  jam  fastiditus  aratro* 

Exitus  ille  utcumque  hominis :  sed  torva  canino 
Latravit  rictu,  quae  post  hunc  vixerat,  uxor. 
Festino  ad  nostros  et  regem  transeo  Ponti 
Et  CrcBsum,  quern  vox  justi  facunda  Solonis 

275  Respicere  ad  longae  jussit  spatia  ultima  vitae. 
Exsilium  et  career  Mintumarumque  paludes    / ' 
Et  mendicatus  yicta  Carthagine  panis 
Hinc  causas  habuere.     Quid  illo  cive  tulisset 


Cifui^ 


Mm 


Virg. 


;E.  v.  481. 


cumbit   humi    bog 
ACH, 

270.  Here  again  rnote  on  264)  the 
epithet,  beloogtng  to  the  husbandmen,  U 
transferred  to  the  plough.  BliJ,  '  Un- 
grateful' for  all  his  past  services.  P/?. 


ri^ftM  tvim/aiMts  ^lafiutHU'  Luc.  *£«'«rs. 
10.  The  same  sentiment  has  been  re- 
peatedly expressed  ;  e,  g.  £ur.  Tr.  509 
sq.  Iph.  A.  161.  71.  Ov.  M.  iii.  135  sqq. 


271.  According  to  the  fable,  Hecuba  LU.  Soph.  (£,  R.JIn.  G.  Id,  Ant  1156 
was  metamorphosed  into  a  bitch.  Ov.  M.  sqq.  Tr.  1  sqq.  Eur.  And.  100  sqq«  Hrr. 
xiii.  422  sqq.  Hyg.  F.  11 1.  243.  (MUN.)     865  sq.  JEsch.  Ag.  937  sq.  w^  rtXtvrw 


LU.  Dictys  v.  13.  16.  Lycoph.  331. 
{PTR,)  Eur.  Hec.  1247  sqq.  R.  The 
Greeks  perhaps  gave  her  this  appellation 
in  consequence  of  the  bitter  invectives 
with    which    she    assailed    them.     VS, 


/tih  fittxi^i^t  fiti^ifa'  LXX  Itf.  T^uf,  zi. 
28.  cf.  Rev.  xiv.  13.  Arist.  £th.  u  10. 
*'  Our  life  cannot  be  pronounced  bap^, 
till  the  last  scene  is  closed  with  9»m  am 
resignation,  the  mind  still  conttnuiog  to 


"  Men.  Hark  ye,  my  mistress !   do  you  preserve  iu  usual   dignity,  and  falling 

know  why  Greece  Feigned  Hecuba  was  into  the  arms  of  death  as  a  wearied  tnt- 

turned  into  a  bitch  1  Won.  Not  1  indeed,  veller  sinks  into  rest ;"  f^rl  of  Orrery, 
Men.  ril  tell  you  then:   because  She        276.  * Marius* (viii. 245 sqq.) was scvn 

rail'd  and  raved  at  every  one  she  met,  as  times  consul.  Flor.  iii.  21.  LU.  Anr.  Xlet, 

you  do  now  ;  and  therefore  was  she  call'd  Liv.  ep.  Ixxvii.  Plut.  Mar.  and  SnU.  Pit. 

And  rightly  callM,  a  bitch  !"  G.   Plant.  App.  B.  C.  i.  61  sq.  V.  Pat.  u.  19.  i7. 

Men.  V.  i.  Cic.  T.  Q.  iii.  26.  PR,  Though  the  mutability  of  fortune  in  lui 

273.  '  Mithridates'  (note  on  vi.  661.)  case  was  singular,  yet  his  end  was  fbr- 
lived  sixty* nine  years,  and  reigned  fifty-  tunate.  iilcfuit  vitte  Mario  sunfiu,  tmmm 
seven,  during  forty  of  which  he  carried  pauo,  qua  jffjorfortuna  point,  al^e^mml' 
on  a  war  with  the  Romans.  VS.  Flor.  iii.  httt  v$o,  qua  me/jiir,  mentoqttt,  hamini  ^mt 
5.  SCH.     He  fell  at  last  by  the  hand  of  fata  parurent ;  Luc.  G. 

Bituitus.  App.  B.  M.  Ill  sq.  Plin.  xxv.        When  driven  from  Rome  by  Sulla, be 

2  «  3.  U.  was  forced  to  hide  in  the  marshes  fraa 

274.  The  history  of  Crastu  (whose  the  cavalry  sent  in  pursuit  of  him.  He 
wealth  is  still  proverbial,  M.)  is  given  at  was  afterwards  betrayed  to  his  eneanes 
length  in  Her.  i.  26 — 94.  SCH.  cf.  also  and  kept  in  custody  ;  but  as  no  one  dated 
Just,  and  Plut  PR,  Other  familiar  in-  to  kill  him,  he  was  sent  off  to  Africa* 
stances  may  be  found  in  Polycrales,  Her.  where  he  is  said  to  have  begged  his  breed 
iii.  125.  Tficioi,  Thuc.  vii.  86.  and  even  amid  the  ruins  of  Carthag%  TiS.  PR.  R. 
in  Cyru9  himself ;  Her.  i.  214.  rot  ^  tm-  Mhituma  was  a  town  of  tlie  Aumnciy 
»vraut  ;^ff>r<{^iMf  rvx^t  tiai  rtXiurn-  on  the  confines  of  Latium  and  Campuita. 
r«fr«  aixittt  •vitU  tu^eufinitw  Arist.  near  the  mouth  of  the  Liris.  LI/.  It  ie 
Eth.  i.  9.  now  in  ruins,  PR,  on  the  right  baiul  of 

Solon,  one  of  the  seven  Greek  sages,  the  ferry  of  the  Garigliano,  as  yon  go 

legislated  for  A  thens  in  the  33rd  year  of  from  Rome  to  Naples.  G. 
the  elder  Tarquin's  reign.     Gell.  xvii.        278.  Hinc  *  from  a  lengthened  life.' 

21.  PR.  LC7.    He  was  sixty-eight  when  be  died« 

275.  Her.  i.  32.  ouVtirm  •Tltt,  K^mVi.  M. 

(ii  iu}»ffA$9»  J»«i.)  h  /tn  ir^h  ri  riXgf        '  Than  C.  Marius.'  LU, 


SAT*     3.  OF  JUVENAL.  -20(3 

Natura  in  terns,  quid  Roma  beatius  umquam, 
28^       Si  circumducto  captivorum  agmine  et  omni 
Bellorum  pompa  animam  exhalasset  opimam, 
Quum  de  Teutonico  vellet  descendere  curru? 
Provida  Pompcio  dederat  Campania  fcbrcs 
Optandas :  sed  multo;  urbes  et  publica  vota 
%5   Vicerunt.     Igitur  Fortuna  ipsius  et  Urbis 
Servatum  victo  caput  abstulit.     Hoc  cruciatu 
Lentulus,  hac  poena  caruit  ceciditque  Cethegus 
Integer  et  jacuit  Catilina  cadavere  toto. 

Formam  optat  modico  pueris,  majorc  puellis 
290  Murroure,  quum  Veneris  fanum  videt  anxia  matcT, 
Usque  ad  delicias  votorum.    "  Cur  tamen"  inquit 

260.  '  After    his   triumph   over   the  Ptolemy  Ling  of  Egypt.     On  reaching 

Cimbri  and  Teutones  ;*  hence  the  chariot  that  country,  he  was  murdered  (in  his 

ai  called  '  Teutonic  ;'  282.  LU.  58th  year)  by  Achillas  one  of  tlie  king's 

281.  '  Satiated  with  spoils:'  an  allu-  officers  and  L.  Septimiu^  a  military  tri- 

OOD  to  ipcUa  opima.  BRi,  bune.  Tl4fAWiit4V  rJi?  xi^cXii*  itrtri^itrit 

283.  "Campania,   prescient  of  her  •*»  9%(iu$tuuf  l^iXmss^t  Emk^i,  in 

Pomp^a  fate.  Sent  a  kind  fever."  G.  \w)  ftfyi^Ttut  A/iufioTf  App.  13.  C.  li.  86 

Pompeiut  noUer  familiarU,  cum  graviter  pr.  76  sqq.  90.  Plin.  v.  12.  vii.  26.  Flor. 

€grimrtt  NeapoU,  utrum  si  turn  euet  ci-  iv.    11.  Dio  xli  pr.  cf.   Sen.  Cons,  to 

Umetm,  m  banu  rebus,  an  a  malis  di$ceMS'  Marc.  20.  V.  Pat.  ii.  48  sqq.  /?. 
M?  eerUa  mistriis,  turn  enim  cum  socero        287.  P.  Corn.  Lentulus  Sura,  a  man 

hMumgntiM$€i,nonmjHnatuM  arma  turn-  of  consular   rank,  and    Cethegus  (viii. 

luitf,  nam    domum    reliquisut,  non    ex  231.)  weie  strangled  in  pi isun;  Catiline 

iteija  fmgiMStt,  non  exereitu  amitso  uudus  fell   in  battle :   though  these  were  foul 

»  wnwrvM  fnanut  ae  ferrum  ineidisset ;  conspirators  against  their  country's  liber- 

«an  liberi  d/eHeti;  non  fortuva  omnes  a  ties.  VS.  App.  B.  C.  ii.  6  sq.  Sail.  13.  C. 

vkforttfU  jtosndereHiur,     qui  m  mortem  PR.  Flor.  iv.  1.  J^ 
tmm  obiiiaet,  m  amplissimit  firtuuis  oeci»        288.  The  ancients  believed  that  their 

•  if  propagalione  vit*  quot,  quautas,  wounds  and  mutilations  followed  them  to 

imcndiiiiea  hausit  calamitates !  hac  the  next  world,  and  therefore  they  felt 

tfmgiuntvr ;  Cic.  T.  Q.  i.  35.     It  inexpressible  horror  at  the  idea  of  being 

would  Dave  been  the  happiest  thing  for  dismembered  in  this.  cf.  Suet.  Ner.  49. 

Ub,  bad  that  fever  proved  fatal.  /.(/.  G.  Virg.  JE.  vi.  494  sqq.  St  Matth.  xviii. 

284. '  The  united  prayers  and  vows  of  8  sq. 
•o  many  cities  and  people,  for  his  recovery,        289.  Cf.  Pers.  ii.  6  sqq.  PR.  vi.  539.  R. 
prerailed  against  toe  effects  of  his  sickness        290.  Venus  was  the  goddess  of  beauty, 

mnd  laved   hn  life.'  LU.  M.  Plut.  V.  and,  according  to  the  judj«ment  of  Paris, 

Pomp.  PR.  the  most  beautiful  of  the  goddesses.  LU, 

286. '  The  malignant  Fortune  of  Pom-  She  had  a  temple  in  which  she  was 

pey  and  of  Rome.' Flor.  iv.  9.  5C//.  vini shipped    by  the  style  of  'A^^^irn 

286.  *  Preserved*  by  the  public  vows,  ^i$y^4t  because  all  prayers  were  to  be 

only  to  be  *  reserved'  for   ignominious  offered  in  whispers.  Sen.  Kp.  10.  Eust. 

mutilation.  LU,  Cn,  Pompeius,  who  had  on  Horn.  Od.  T  p.  1881.  A.  R. 
been  thrice  coneul  and,  by  three  triumphs        29 1 .  ( 1 )  '  So  as  to  revel  in  the  dainty 

gained  from  three  separate  quarters  of  luxury  of  her  vows.'  PR.  or  (2) '  So  as 

the  globe,  had  acquired  the  surname  of  to  pour  forth  vous  full  of  tundcr  sweet- 

Mmgmus,    after    being  '  conquered'   by  ness  to  propitiate  the  favour  of  the  fair 

Cmau  at  Pharsalia,  fled  for  protection  to  deity.'  li.  lJ\ 


•264  THE  SATIRES  sai-^ 

<<  Corripias?  Fulcra  gaudet  Latona  Diana." 
Sed  vetat  optari  faciem  Lucretia,  qualem 
Ipsa  habuit :  cuperet  Rutilae  Virginia  gibbum 

295  Accipere  atque  suam  Rutilae  dare.     Films  autem 
Corporis  egregii  miseros  trepidosque  parentes 
Semper  habet     Rara  est  adeo  concordia  formae  . 
Atque  pudicitiae !  Sanctos  licet  horrida  mores 
Tradiderit  domus  ac  veteres  imitata  Sabinos, 

800  Praeterea  castum  ingenium  vultumque  modesto 
Sanguine  ferventem  tribuat  Natura  benigna 
Larga  manu ;  (quid  enim  puero  conferre  potest  plus 
Custode  et  cura  Natura  potentior  omni?) 
Non  licet  esse  viris :  nam  prodiga  comiptoris 

305  Improbitas  ipsos  audet  tentare  parentes. 

Tanta  in  muneribus  fiducia !  NuUus  ephebum 
Deformem  saeva  castravit  in  arce  tyrannus ; 
Nee  prsetextatum  rapuit  Nero  loripedem  vel 
Strumosum  atque  utero  pariter  gibboque  tumentem. 

310  I  nunc  et  juvenis  specie  laetare  tui !  Quern 
Majora  exspectant  discrimina?     Fiet  adulter 
l\iblicus  et  pcenas  metuet,  quascumque  mariti 

Inquit:  Hor.  I  S.  iv.  78.  (BY,)  Liv.  cititt;  Ov.  Her.  xvi.  288.  PR.  Id.  Am. 

xxxiv.    3.    5.    (DA.    GRO,)    vi.    40,  III.iv.41  sq.  Petr.  94.  Mart.  VIII.  liii. 

3.  R.  R. 

292.  *  Yet  why  chide  the  mother  s  298.  Cf.  vu  287  sqq.  PR, 

fon<1  anxietvr  LC,  299.  Cf.  iii.  169.  vi.  163  tqq.  PR. 

Tiynft  h  ri  ^(i»«   AiirM  ».  r.  X.  301.  Properly  speaking  6tfiii^iM  applies 


Horn.  0(1.  Z  106.  Virg.  i.  498  soq.  PA.  to  natura,  and  larga  to  manu,  PR, 

293.  Lucretia,  the  wife  of  Collatinus,        303.  Cf.  Sen.  Kp.  xi.  de  I.  ii.  2.  Hor. 
was  forced   by  Sextus  Tarquinius,  and  I  Ep.  x.  24.  R, 

destroyed   herself  in   consequence.  l^S.        306.  Munera,eredc  mihi,eapiunt  komi- 

This  led  to  the  overthrow  of  the  regal  ntaque  deotque;  Ov.  A.  A.  iii.  653.  LU. 

fovernment.  M.  V.  Max.  vi.  1.  SCH,        307.  The  Tarpeian  *  citadel*  or  Capi- 

jv.  i.  58.  Dionys.  H.  iv.  PR.  tol  may  be  here  meant,  cf.  SueL  Ncr. 

294.  Livia  the  wife  of  R  u  t i  1  i  u s  was  28.  LU. 

an  old  woman,  upwards  of  97  years  of        308.  Pers.  v.  30.  (A*.)  /?. 

age.     Plin.  vii.  48.  SCH.  309.  '  One  with  a  ncrofulons  wen.* 

Virginia  was  slain  by  her  own  father,  GR.  Cels.  v.  28  «  7.  A. 
to  preserve  her  chastity  from  the  lust  of        '  Pot-bellied  and  hump-backed.'  Al. 
Appius,  which  had  been  excited  by  her        312.  Publicus;   Hor.  II  OJ.  Tiii.  8. 

beauty.   This  catastrophe  occasioned  the  R. 


abolition  of  the  decemviral  power.  VS.  The  punishment  of  adultery  appears 

Flor.  i.  15.  SCH.  Liv.  iii.  44.  PA.  rather  to  have  been  left  to  the  diacretioD 

295.  Suam  understand  faciem  et  for-  of  the  injured  party  than  accurately  de- 

mam.  PR.  fined  by  law.    The  woman  was  treated 

297.  Lis  »it  cum  famia  magna  pufli-  with  less  ffeverity  than  her  panmoar.  cf. 


^T.  X.  OF  JUVENAL.  265 

Bbdgeie  irati;  nee  erit  felicior  astro 

MartiSf  ut  in  laqueos  numquam  incidat*     Exigit  autem 
^15  Interdum  ille  dolor  plus,  quam  lex  ulla  dolori 

Concessit.     Necat  hie  forro,  secat  ille  cruentis 

Verberibud,  quosdam  moeehos  et  mugilis  intrat. 

Sed  tuns  Endymion  dileetse  fiet  adulter 

Matronse:  mox  quum  dederit  Servilia  numos, 
920  Iiet  et  illius,  quam  non  amat:  exuet  omiiem 

Corporis  omatum.     Quid  enim  ulla  negaverit  udi^^ 

Inguinibus,  sive  est  hsee  Oppia  sive  CatuUa? 

Deterior  totos  habet  illie  femina  mores. 

"  Sed  easto  quid  forma  noeet?'     Quid  profuit  immo 
S25  Hippolyto  grave  propositum?  quid  BeUerophonti? 

Hot.  I  S.  b.  Virr.  d»  Pace:  Cat.  xv.  321.  *  To  the  gratification  of  her  pas- 

(VOJ)  Plant.  Pten.    Tac.  An.  iv.  42.  sions.'  R. 

(U.)  HN,  H.  322.  '  Whether  gentle  or  simple/  PR. 

313.  '  The  ftar  of  Mart/  for  Man  '  rich  or  poor/  M.  '  ugly  or  pretty/  i?. 
himaelt     His  was  an  unlucky  planet;  '  prude  or  coquette/  ACH, 

SCH.  vi  553,  note.  R.  323.  '  A  vulgar  woman  has  but  that 

314.  Mors  was  caught  by  Vulcan,  in  one  thing  in  her  view,  and  shapes  all  her 
a  neCf  while  engaged  in  an  intrigue  with  morals  and  manners  accordingly.'  cf.  hue 
Venus.  Hyg.F.  148.  Oy.M.iv.  171  sqq.  tuminU  totee  vireis  corpusque  Jluebat; 
SCH.  Id.  A.  A.  ii.  561  sqq.  Horn.  Od.  e  Lucr.  vi.  1203.  MNS. 

SG6  aqq.  R.  324.  '<  Moth.    Rut  if  my  boy  with 

815.  '  The  hnsband't  grief/  PR.  cf.  virtue  be  endued,  What  harm  will  beauty 
V.  Max.  VI.  i  IS.  G.  do  him  1    Juv.  Nay,  what  good!"  G. 

816.  Hor.  I  8.  ii.  37—- 46.  M,  Ep.  iv.  325.  Hippolpui  was  deaf  to  the  inces- 
11.  (ML)  JR.  tuous  solicitations    of   his  step-mother 

817.  CaLzv.l9.  (D(E,)  PR.  fm^mfif  Plisdra.  Incensed  at  his  coldness,  she 
fluid.  {KUJ)  Arist.  PI.  1068.  N.  1079.  falsely  accused  him  to  his  father  Theseus ; 
Ath.i  6.  (CAS.)  vii.  77.  (Sir.)  R.  in  consequence  of  whose  curse,  he  was 

318.  Emiymwn  was  a  beautiful  shep-  thrown  from  his  chariot'and  killed.  Sen. 

held  bdoved  by  the  Moon.  VS.  Hy^.F.  Hip.  PR.  M.  Hyg.  F.  47.  49.  SCH.  Ov. 

975w  SCH,    The  fable  is  explained  by  Iler.iv.  M.  zv.  491  sqq.  Eur.  Hip.  Ath. 

Plhiy;    n.  9.    PR.   Aooll.   I.  vii.  5.  ziii.  8.  K. 

(ffr.)  Ov.  Tr.  ii.  299.   (HAR.)    R.  Betlerophon,  the  son  of  Glaucus,  re- 

"Moibeb:    But  my  Endymion   will  jected   the  criminal   advances  of  Sthe- 

Incky  prove.  And  serve  a  beauteous  neboea  the  wife  of  his  host  Prcetus,  king 

esi,  all  fbr  love!   Juvbval  :   No;  ofArgos.  The  slighted  queen  complained 


he  will  soon  to  ugliness  be  sold.  And  to  her  husband  as  though  his  guest  had 

•efvc  a  toothless  grandam,  all  for  gold!"  infringed  the  rites  of  hospitality.    The 

O.  young  prince  had  in  consequence  many 

819.  SirvUim,  Cato*s  sbter  and  the  hair-breadth  escapes  of  his  life.  Hor.  Ill 
OMMhsr  of  Brntus,  intrisued  with  Cesar.  Od.  vii.  13  sqq.  (  MI.)  PR.  Hyg.  F.  57. 
LU.  Her  sirter  the  wife  of  LucuUus  was  SCH.  Hom.  II.  z  152  sqq.  Apoll.  II.  iii. 
cqvally  depraTsd.  Suet.  Cies.  50.  R.  },  (HY.)  R.  These  stories  would  seem 
Pl«ti  Lvc.  p.  617.  Cat  mi.  p.  759  soq.  founded  on  the  scripture  account  of 
BniL  p.  9iB4.  PR.  '  Servilia,  were  sne  Joseph  and  Potiphar*s  wife  ;  G.  Gen. 
still  living.'  xzxiz.7sqq.  M.  which  has  been  adopted. 

820.  '  He  win  strip  her  by  degrees  of  as  a  very  favourite  subject,  by  oriental 
all  h«  tiiikcts  and  jewels.'  R.  romance. 

2m 


266  THE  SATIRES  sat.  x. 

Erubuit  nempe  haec,  ceu  fasti^ta,  repulsa: 
Nee  Stheneboea  minus,  quam  Cressa,  excanduit,  et  se 
Concussere  ambae.     Mulier  saevissima  tunc  est, 
Quum  stimulos  odio  pudor  admovet.    Elige,  quidnam 

830  Suadendum  esse  putes,  cui  nubere  Csesaris  uxor 
Dcstinat  ?    Optimus  hie  et  formosissinius  idem 
Gentis  patricide  rapitur  miser  exstinguendus 
Messalinae  oculis :  dudum  sedet  ilia  parato 
Flameolo  Tyriusque  palam  genialis  in  hortis 

835  Stemitur  et  ritu  decies  centena  dabuntur 
Antiquo;  ^eniet  cum  signatoribus  auspex. 
Hsec  tu  secreta  et  paucis  commissa  putabas? 
Non,  nisi  legitime,  vult  nubere.     Quid  placeat,  die: 
Ni  parere  velis,  pereundum  erit  ante  lucernas: 

840  Si  scelus  admittas,  dabitur  mora  parvula,  dum  res 
Nota  Urbi  et  populo  contingat  Principis  aures. 
Dedecus  ille  domus  sciet  ultimus:  interea  tu 

326.  Hae  t.  e,  Phiedra.  VS.  333.  Obsenre  the  eagerness  and  the 

327.  Sihenebaa,  also  called  Antea.  boldness  (ii.  136.)  of  the  adulterous  bride: 
Ilom.  II.  Z.  K.  and  cf.  ii.  124.  LU.  Tac.  An.  xL  27.  R. 

*  Phiedra'  was  the  daughter  of  Minos  33i.  Understand  Uctus.  VS,  *  And  in 

king*  of  Crete'  and  Pasiphae.  VS.  LU,  the  gardens  of  LucuIIus,  the  genial  (tL 

328.  '  Roused  themselves*  to  venge-  22.  R.)  marriage-couch  is  openly  spread 
ance.  LU,  non  Uviter  te  Numidia  con-  with  the  purple  tapestry  of  Tyre«' 
cufsit;  Flor.  iii.  1.  cf.  Virg.  JE.  vii.  338.  335.  Cf.  i.  92.  105.  ii.  117.  Ti.  137. 
(f/r.)  R.    The  metaphor  is  taken  from  T.  RL  M,    '  After  the  ancient  fiuhioB 
a  lion.  M,  a  dowry  will  be  given,  and  that  a  oon- 

Durimagno  sed  amore  doloret  pollute,  siderable  one;'  upwards  of  £8000^  a 

not umqutfure^n quid  fernvna'pos^t;  Virg.  senatorial  estate.  A. 
i^.  V.  5  sq.  VS.  t6.i.  29  8qq.  3/.  336.  Cf.  vi.  25.    apud  aniiqum  nm 

329.  The  metaphor  is  taken  from  a  solum  publiee  Med  etiam  ptivmtim  nikU 
driver  goading  the  ox  when  at  plough,  gerebatur,  niti  awpieio  prhu  namie:  fM» 
R,  ex  more  mtptiie  etiamnum  euupicei  inter' 

Quidnam  9  he  was  placed  in  a  dilemma,  ponuntur,    qui  quamvis  autpieia  peUare 

A.  desierint,  ipso  tamen  nomine  veteris  earn' 

330.  The  infamous  Messalina,  in  the  tuetudinis  vestigia  ueurpant ;  V.  Max.  ii. 
absence  of  her  husband  Claudius  at  Ostia,  1.  PR.  Suet  Claud.  26.  Tac.  An.  ziii. 
obliged  C.  Silius,  who  was  then  consul  37.  Cic.  de  Div.  i.  16.  R, 

elect,  to  marry  her  ])ublicly,  and  to  re-  337.  '  You' t.  e.  Silius.  LU, 

pudiate  his  own  wife,  Junia  Silana ;  338.  Anotherdilemma,asin  Her.Lll. 

which  caused  his  destruction.  Tac.  An.  339.  '  Before  candles   are    lightad.' 

xi.5.  12—38.  R.  ACH.  VS.  Suet.  LU.  PR. 

PR.  342.  This  alludes  to  the  stupidity  and 

331.  "  Lo,  this  most  noble,  this  most  infatuation  of  Claudius,who  would  hardly 
beauteous  youth.  Is  hurried  off,  a  helpless  believe  the  infamy  of  Messalina,  and  was, 
sacrifice  To  the  lewd  glance  of  Mes-  with  still  more  difficulty,  induced  to  eiTe 
saline's  eyes."  G.  cf.  Ov.  Am.  III.  xi.  orders  for  her  punishment.  G.  Xipli. 
48.  Phasd.  IV.  iv.  4.{BU.)  Hor.  IV  Od.  Claud.  LU.  Had  it  not  been  for  the 
xiii.  20.  (M/.)  H,  resoluteness   of  Narcinas,  aha   would 


•A.-X-.  X.  OF  JUVENAL.  267 

Obsequere  imperio;  sit  tanti  vita  dierum 
Paucorum.     Quidquid  melius  leviusque  putaris, 

^5  Praebenda  est  gladio  pulcra  haec  et  Candida  cervix. 
<<  Nil  eigo  optabunt  homines?"    Si  consilium  vis, 
Permittes  ipsis  expendere  numinibus^  quid 
Conveniat  nobis  rebusque  sit  utile  nostris. 
Nam  pro  jucundis  aptissima  quaeque  dabunt  Di. 
350  Carior  est  illis  homo,  quam  sibi.     Nos  animorum 
Impulsu  et  caeca  magnaque  cupidine  ducti 
Conjugium  petimus  partumque  uxoris :  at  illis 
Notum  qui  pueri  qualisque  futura  sit  uxor. 
Ut  tamen  et  poscas  aliquid  voveasquc  sacellis 

355  Elxta  et  candiduli  divina  tomacula  porci ; 

have  escaped.  Tac  Ad.  zi.  37.  PR,  cf.  IUmi,  »M»f)  ur\^  kirA^rm  avrSf  tv^iif 

ziv.  330.  B.  winrm^mi'  xiyu  li  irm  £ii    «'  Ziv  ^mi. 

345. '  To  the  sword'  either  of  Claudius  Xii;.  rk  /<U  iWx***  ^nst  *'  ««)  ilx*t*^^-t 

ot  of  Messalina.  PR,  cf.  Tac.  Ao.  xi.  35.  m»1  mnvmrtt  k/ifu  iihu.  rk  li  hifk  »») 

Diolx.  31.R.  dx^/itifut  dwmXiluf*  KtXtuw   Plat.  Ale. 

346.  Chaucer  has  some  pleasing  lines  ii.  p.  154.  rturgt  ftlt  reUtn  »«2  A«»i- 
oa  the  subject:  *'  Alas,  why  playnen  }cu/iitt«i  rit  irtinrhv  i^tiXMniru.  i7ri  mm) 
men  so  in  commune  Of  purveyance  of  mirs)  •urttt  IwifrntfA/^Mt.  »mi  tilf  mmi 
God»or  of  fortune.  That  veveth  him  full  infts^ie^  UjerTtri  rcjarXifWa*  tif^h  tS- 
oft  in  many  a  gise.  Well  bette  than  hem  x*^rmt  rk  mmxk  lin  r»7t  mymStUg  r»vs 
lelli  can  oefiae  I"  Knight's  Tale.  And  iuut  ^iii^mt  mtXtvefnt  mu  rfUtf  miiraTg, 
Spenser; "  In  vaine^saidthenold  Melibee,  wkutw  3*  4viiis  it  Imtifm  i^|c^i»«»  «««v- 
doe  men  The  heavens  of  their  fortune's  riif  ib.  p.  172.  Pind.  P.  iii.  106  sqq. 
ftnlt  mccnae;  Sith  they  know  best, What  R, 

is  the  heat  for  them — For,  they  to  each        348.  Compare  the  prayer  of  St.  Chry- 

•achCMtnoe  doe  diffuse  As  they  do  knowe  sostom. 

e«ch  can  most  aptly  use.     For,  not  that,        349.  Compare  1  St  Peter  v.  7.  M, 
which  men  covet  most,  is  best.  Nor  that        352.  Ev^^^ut  li  mm)  wtfi  «■!«»«»  rh 

tking  wont,  which  men  doe  most  refuse :  «vrif  r^i^n  tu^mfiitsvf  rnkt  ^n  ytA^ims, 

Bat  fittest  is,  that  all  contented  rest,  mmi  yiy«^f»«»  tit  Ivfi^o^dt  n  mm)  xCvms 

With  that  they  hold :  each  hath  his  for-  rkt  fiiytrrmt  mmrmrrmfrmt.    «/  fiU  yk^, 

tmne  in  his  brest."  G.  fitx^npSr  hk  riAtvf  Sfrvt  rSit  rimtttn,  «X«» 

347.  S«f«^mf  vSx,*^*  v^f  r§ut  iu!in  rht  fit§f  Xwrwfiifi  hnymyr  rtut  ^t 
SneXSf  rkymik  XiUvm,  it  T»ht  h»yt  »mX-  x^ti^^St  ftlv  ytuftifmf.  w»ft^»^m7t  31  x^' 

^'  i^9ta  mymiA  irr<*    rtitt  ^\     wmfttiui*,  «[«■«>•  rrt^ntn^mt,  mm)  T§vr4Ut  «Miy 


tmxfi^Mtt  XV^**  ^  k^yv^f^  A  rv^mrnim  tit  lX^rT»*mt  iy^rifx'^t  mmit^mmirmt  Km^ 

m   MXJis  Tt   rSf    r§M6T§09,   §u7lkf   3/c^«^«f  Imtiftvt,  mm)  fi^oJafiiuvt  mr  myifnrm  fuSk' 

Ipifujit  tSxt^«u,  ft  ti  mv^isMf  4  f*^X'>*  ^  ^"  **^*  ^  ytfi^mt'   Plat.  Ale.  ii.  p.  152. 

mJJLs  n  %Sxt9^»  rS9  ^mttfUt  iin>M9,  Sirttf  LU,  cf.  Ari&L  Eth.  i.  8  Jin,  £ur.  Ale. 

^mMfii^uT9'   Xen.  Mem.   I.  iii.  2.  LU,  244—249. 

Mat^wu  ti  ftdrum  9tfu{«fAtt,  tSiirtt  sit^i*'        355.  Candiduli,    According  to  Varro, 

0Msi  Hk  mmrk  ^rt^f  ^mtrm  rtXtvrt  fitr  R.  R.  II.  iv.  9. '  a  white  pig'  was  sacri- 

Tbeogn.  141  so.  iutt  %Sx»Vt  •^t  tr^*  f^iy^  ficed  on  the  occasion  of  a  marriage  :  FA, 

m^drnt'  •Srtirt^hStyiynrmtdfi^ii^rMti  and,  by  the  Greeks,  to  Venus;  Ath.  iii. 

J^  tiydf  4Srt  mmmd'  ib   171  s(|.  »i»)v  49.  A.  Pigs  were  also  sacrificed  to  Lucina ; 


268 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT. 


Orandum  est,  ut  sit  mens  sana  in  corpore  sano: 
Fortem  posce  animum,  mortis  terrore  carentem^ 
Qui  spatium  vitse  extremum  inter  munera  ponat 
Naturae,  qui  ferre  queat  quoscumque  laborer 

360  Nesciat  irasci,  cupiat  nihil,  et  potiores 

Herculis  serumnas  credat  saeyosque  labores 
Et  Venere  et  ccenis  et  pluma  SardanapalL 
Monstro,  quod  ipse  tibi  possis  dare :  semita  oerte 
TranquiUffi  per  virtutem  patet  unica  vitae. 

365  Nullum  numen  habes,  si  sit  prudentia:  nos  te, 


Tomacula  (from  riftn  or  W/ah)  '  the 
liver,  aod  other  parts  cut  out  of  the  pig, 
minced  up  with  the  fat.'  FA,  tonuiema 
pertia;  Varr.  R.  R.  II.  iv.  10.  Mart. 
L  xlii.  9.  Petr.  31.  49.  A. 

356.  Cf.  Sen.  £p.  10.  FA.  Hor.  I 
Od.  xxxt  17  sqq.  Pers.  ii.  8.  Mart.  X. 
xlvii.  R. 

357.  The  Stoical  doctrine  was  that 
unavoidable  evils  were  not  to  be  feared, 
cf.  Virg.  G.  U.  49a  sqq.  {HY.)  Plat. 
FhsBd.  Plin.  xxviii.  1  «  2.  extr.  Sen.  C. 
ad  Marc.  20.  Sil.  ii.  223  sqq.  576.  iii. 
134  sqq.  xiii.  883  sqq.  R.  PR.  '*  What 
cannot  be  cured  Must  be  endured." 

35b.  To  ^^ifiuf  rtriXmm-  2  Tim.  iv.  7. 
M.  mttcs  <Bvi  I  Sil.  x.  209.  i»a/AU9  irsr) 
sritfkvr  Pind.  N.  vL  13.  Virg.  2E»'  z. 
472.  xii.  546.  (HF.)  Pen.  iii.  68.  (K.) 
R. 

359.  A    maxim    of    Epicurus    was, 

/Ati^rtiTst  umi  ifara/tiknTtt ."  PR, 

360.  This  was  also  the  Stoical  phi- 
losophy, cf.  Sen.  de  I.  ii.  6 — 8.  Hor. 
I  £p.  vi.  Only  the  two  principal  per- 
turbations of  the  mind  are  here  specified  : 
R.  «/  )•  «'^«(i4f  r«v  M^aivu  k99  iuftsv 
zmi  Wttufimt'  Arist.  £th.  iii.  1  fin, 

361. '  The  twelve  labours  of  Hercules.' 
LU.  Diodor.  PR.  see  the  Choice  of 
Hercules,  from  Prodicus ;  Xen.  Mem. 

362.  *  The  downy  couches  of  Sarda- 
napalus,*  the  last  king  of  Assyria,  noto- 
rious for  his  effeminacy  and  luxury.  VS. 
cf.  Herod.  PluL  Diodor.  ii.  23  sqq.  Ath. 
xii.  7.  Just.  i.  3.  V.  Pat  i.  6.  Cic.  T. 
Q.  v.  35.  (BH,)  R.  BRI.  PR. 

363.  Sed  tatis  est  orare  Jovem,  qui 
donat  €t  miftrt :  del  vitamt  det  opet :  ctqunm 
mihi  animum  ipse  pareAo  *,  Hor.  I  £p. 
xviii.  Ill  sqq.  (Br.)  PR.  cf.  Sen.  Ep. 
27.  41.  80.  R.  The  heathen  thought 
that  every  roan  Mas  the  author  of  his  own 


virtue  and  wisdom ;  but  there  were  some 
at  Rome,  at  that  time,  who  could  have 
taught  Juvenal  that  *'  Every  good  gifl, 
and  everv  perfect  gift,  b  from  above,  and 
Cometh  down  from  the  Father  of  lights  ;*' 
St  James  i.  17.  Jerem.  z.  23.  Omnei 
mortales  sie  habent,  .  .  •  omnem  eemmodi' 
tatem  prosperitatemque  vOtB,  a  dm  Sf 
habere:  virttUem  autem  nemo  umquam 
acceptam  deo  retuliU  ntrntrtim  recU:  frtf- 
ter  virtutem  enim  jure  latidamur,  et  m 
virtttti  recte  gloriamur ;  quod  non  contiu' 
geret,  si  id  donum  a  diso,  non  a  nebit 
haberemus, ,  • .  num  quis,  quod  bomtt  mr 
esset,  gratias  diis  egit  umquam  ?  at  qvod 
dioes,  quod  honoratus,  qnod  tneolumie, 
Jovemque  optimum  et  maximum  ob  eoMret 
appellant,  non  quod  nosjustot,  temperatoit 
sapientes  effieiat,  ted  quod  salvoe,  tneohmte, 
opulentos,  copiosos, , .  .judicium  hoe  cm' 
nium  martaUum  est,fortunam  a  deo  pdm- 
daHn,  a  se  ipso  sumendam  esse  sapientiam ; 
Cic.  N.  D.iii.36.  Thus  «*  They  became 
vain  in  their  imaginations,  and  their  fool- 
ish heart  was  darkened ;  professing 
themselves  to  be  wise,  they  became 
fools;"  Rom.  i.  21  sq.  M. 

364.  Vit  numquam  tristis  esse?  reeta 
pive;  Isid.  fiRf.  fmm^t  Ii  mai  9fitH 
J^Mf  •  Hes.  O.  D.  286  sqq.  Sil.  zv.  18 
sqq.  Pers.  iii.  56  sq.  (K.)  A. 

365.  ziv.  315  sq.  The  opinion  '  vOmm 
regit  fertuna  non  sapientia'  n  condemiied 
by  Cicero,  T.  Q.  v.  25.  ad  mmmam, 
sapiens  uno  minor  est  Jove,  dives,  liber, 
honoratust  puleher,  rex  denique  r^um; 
Hor.  I.  Ep.  i.  106  sq.  PR.  Ill  Od.  zzix. 
49 — 52.  M.  '  If  men  were  but  irise. 
Fortune  would  have  no  divine  authori^ 
and  power.*  Plin.  ii.  7.  Sen.  Ep.  98. 
cf.  Virg.  M.  I  8.  133.  666.  ii.  123.  iii. 
372.  iv.  61 1 .  V.  56.  vii.  1 19.  viiL  78.  ix. 
661.  xi.  232.  (Hr.)  Ov.  Tr.  ii.  651. 
IV.ii.9.  (BC^.)R. 


•     X. 


OF  JUVENAL. 


269 


Nos  facimusy  Fortuna,  Deam  coeloque  locamus. 


366.  Plin.  iL  7.  PR.  Hor.  I  Od.  zxx? . 

*'  I'bcre't  a  dmnity  that  shapes  our  ends, 

Hougb-bew  them  how  we  will ;"  Shaksp. 

Ham.  V.  iL  cf.  Eccl.  x.  10.  M.  LactanL 

iii.  as.  Ov.  M.  XV.  818.  (H.)  R,    **  So- 

v*«t4r  am'cn  cht^l  taggio  c7  forte  Fabbro 

•   ««   »t€UO  i  di  beatt  tarte  ;**    Tasso ; 

**  1'hcj  make  their  fortaoes,  who  are 

*toiut  and  wise ;  Wit  rales  the  heavens, 


discretion  guides  the  skies ;"  Fairfax  ; 
"  'lis  said  a  wise  man  all  mishaps  with- 
stands ;  For  though  by  storms  we  borne 
to  mischiefs  are.  Yet  grace  and  prudence 
bayle  our  careful  bands ;  Each  man* 
they  say,  his  fate  haih  in  his  hands.  And 
what  he  manres,  or  makes  to  leese,  or 
save,  Of  good  or  ill,  is  ev'n  self  doe,  self 
have  '"  Higgins,  Mxrr.  of  Magist.  G« 


SATIRE    XL 


ARGUMENT. 

This  Satire  consists  principally  of  an  invitation  to  Perucns^  the  poet's 
friend,  to  spend  the  day  with  him  ;  but  it  is  made  the  vehicle  of  much 
valuable  information,  and  much  amusing  description.  It  begins  with  a 
severe  invective  against  a  person  of  the  equestrian  order,  (here  called 
Rutilus,)  who  had  wasted  his  property  in  riot  and  confusion ;  and  from 
whose  reduced  and  miserable  state  Juvenal  takes  occasion  to  draw  many 
admirable  maxims  for  the  due  regulation  of  life.  1 — 55.  These  intro- 
duce, with  sufficient  propriety,  the  little  picture  of  his  own  domestic 
economy ;  56  sqq.  which  is  followed  by  a  most  pleasing  view  of  the  sim- 
plicity of  ancient  manneis,  60  sqq.  77 — 1 19.  artfully  contrasted  with  the 
extravagance  and  luxury  of  the  current  times.  120  sqq. 

He  enters  at  length  into  the  particulars  of  his  purposed  entertainment ;  the 
viands  are  the  produce  of  his  own  little  farm  and  garden  :  64  sqq.  the 
furniture  is  of  the  most  homely  kind:  129  sqq.  the  servants  are  two 
raw  country  lads  born  on  the  estate :  142  sqq.  the  wines,  home-made  : 
159 — 161.  and  he  concludes  with  a  spirited  description  of  the  scandalous 
excesses  practised  at  the  tables  of  the  great ;  162  sqq.  as  a  substitute  for 
which,  our  host  promises  Persicus  the  treat  of  hearing  the  immortal 
poetry  of  Homer  and  Virgil ;  1 77 — 1  BO.  and  with  an  earnest  recommenda- 
tion to  his  friend,  to  enjoy  the  present  with  content,  and  to  await  the 
future  with  calmness  and  moderation.  184 — 208.  G,  7?. 

This  is  apparently  one  of  Juvenal's  last  works.  It  has  all  the  charac- 
teristics of  age ;  the  laudator  temporU  acti  is  ever  foremost  in  the  scene ; 
and  it  is  pleasant  to  think  that  time  had  mellowed  and  improved  the 
social  feelings  of  the  author.  Not  but  what  there  is  here  much  to  be 
seen  of  those  strong  and  elevated  passions  which  distinguish  his  earlier 
writings  ;  yet  softer  and  more  amiable  sentiments  have  their  turn  ;  and 
the  talkative  old  man  appears  as  a  warm  friend,  a  generous  landlord, 
and  a  most  kind  and  affectionate  master  of  a  family. 

His  guest  does  not  appear  in  such  an  amiable  light.  He  is  a  morose  and 
suspicious  character;  sufficiently  unhappy,  it  seems,  in  his  domestic 
concerns ;  but  fretful  and  fidgetty  about  many  things,  which  Juvenal 
seems  to  think,  he  had  much  better  dismiss  from  his  thoughts.  O. 


^^^-  >i.  THE  SATIRES  OF  JUVENAL.  271 

Atticus  eximie  si  cccnat,  lautus  habetur; 
Si  Rutilus,  demens.     Quid  enim  majore  cachinno 
Excipitur  vulgi,  quam  pauper  Apicius?  Omnis 
Convictus,  thermae,  stationes,  omne  theatrum 
5  De  Rutilo.     Nam  dum  valida  ac  juvenilia  membra 
Su£Sciunt  galeae  dumque  ardent  sanguine,  fertur, 
Non  cogente  quidem  sed  nee  prohibente  tribune, 
Scripturus  leges  et  regia  verba  lanistae. 
Multos  porro  vides,  quos  saepe  elusus  ad  ipsum 
10  Creditor  introitum  solet  exspectarc  macelli 
Et  quibus  in  solo  vivendi  causa  palato  est 
Egregius  coenat  meliusque  miserrimus  horum 
Et  cito  casurus  jam  perlucente  ruina. 
Interea  gustus  elementa  per  omnia  quaerunt, 

1.  'Any  rich  Dobleman/  VS.  T.  heart.  Suet.Cies.  26.  V.  Max.  II.  iii.2. 
P^BpODivs,  the  friend  of  Cicero,  was  FA,  LI.  vi.  249,  note.  of.  Arist.  R. 
eamimed  Attieui,  having  acc|uired  an     1111  sq. 

Attic   polish  from  a  long  residence  in  9. '  There  are  many  speodthrifts,  over 

Athens.  GR.  PR,  C.  Nep.  cf.  iv.  13  sq.  head  and  ears  in  debt,  whom  the  often- 

▼tii.  102.  R,  disappointed  creditor  is  sure  to  meet  at 

2.  *  A  poor  man.'  VS.  The  principle  market.'  VS.  FA.  Hot.  I  S.  ii.  7  sqq. 
ia  duo  St  faeiant  idem,  non  est  idem,  GR.  I  £p.  xv.  26  sqq.  R. 

cf.  xiv.  18.  RutUu$  was  a  surname  of  the  10.  The  Romans  used  to  market  for 

Mmrdan,  Virginian,  and  Nautian  clans,  themselves,  and  were  attended  by  servants 

Rm     Compare  the  fable  of  the  Frog  and  to  carry  home  their  purcitases :  R.  see 

the  Ox.  the  opening  of  Ter.  And.  and  cf.  Arist. 

3.  Cf.  iii.  152.  R.  R.  1065  sq. 

"  An  Apicius :"  G.  cf.  iv.  23.  note.  11.  ^tlt  i  4%U  h  «mX;«'  Phil.  iii.  19. 

FA.  LU.  cf.  xii.  50  sq.  Geli.  vii.  16.  i  S«r. 

4. '  Every  dinner  party,  every  bagnio,  »^drnt  fxiyiw  tSv  &xxatf  Stfi^atwm*  Im^i  • 

every  conversaxione,  or  knot  of  news-  tM,  iuJU»f  §1  /tXv  ^Hetf,  ?»'  Mitte'tt,  mvris 


Plin.  xvi.  44  s  86.  T.    V.  TMiuhMl^n    Aih.iy.]  5.    Macr.  ii.  8. 

Mas.  II.  ii.  6.    Cell.  xiii.  13.   PR.  cf.  R, 

vii.  233,  note.  M.  viii.  168.  V.Pat,  ii.  12.  E^gius  is  the  comparative  adverb. 

33.  (VO.)  Suet.  Ner.  37.  (ER.)  Plin.  Lucretius  uses  a  similar  form  ;  nam  nihil 

£pk  I.  xiii.  2.  II.  ix.  5.  R,    understand  ef^regius,  quam    res  secemere  apertas  a 

leqmmntur.  VS,  du6m ;  iv.  469.  Priscian,  iii.  SOIL 

6.  Rutilui  was  reduced  by  his  extra-  13.  The  metaphor  is  taken  from  *  a 
vaganee  to  seek  a  livelihood  m  the  am-  building  on  the  point  of  falling,  with 
plulheatre.  cf.  ii.  143  sqq.  viii.  192  sqq.  cracks  and  6ssures  in  its  walls,  through 
PR,  [IivyxxviM,21,h.  £D.]  which  the  day-lieht  pours.'  LU.  i  It 

7.  '  The  tribune  (t.  e.  the  emperor)  r»4x»t  e^f*»  rf  ^t^tf  ^ut^v^unre'  »««  m 
ought  to  have  interfered  to  put  a  stop  to  t«  r^wv^y  )ii  ^  ^  v n,  ».  r.  X.  Xen.  An. 
mch  a  disgraceful  practice.'  LU.  ct.  ii.  VII.  viii.  8. 

165.  Tac  An.  i.  2.  iii.  56.  (LI.  £R.)  R.  14.  Guttut '  delicacies.'  LU, 

ni.  313,  note.  '  They  ransack  earth,  air,  and  water, 

8.  The  gladiators  wrote  out  the  rules  for  the  choicest  beasts  and  fowl  and  fish.' 
givea  by  tlMir  trainer,  and  also  the  words  LU,  quidquid  avium  volitat,  quidquid 
ni  coauBaad,  in  order  to  learn  them  by  piMcium  natai,  quidquid Jerarum  diKurrii, 


«72  THE  SATIRES  sat.  xi. 

15  Numquam  animo  pretiis  obstantibus.    Interius  si 
Attendas,  magis  ilia  juvant,  quae  pluris  emuntur. 
Ergo  baud  difficile  est,  perituram  arcessere  suminam 
Lancibus  oppositis  vel  matris  imagine  fracta, 
Et  quadringentis  numis  condire  gulosum 

20  Fictile :  sic  veniunt  ad  miscellanea  ludi. 

Refert  ergo,  quis  haec  eadem  paret :  in  Rutilo  nam 
Luxuria  est,  in  Ventidio  laudabile  nomen 
Sumit  et  a  censu  famam  trahit.     Ilium  ego  jure 
Dcspiciam,  qui  scit,  quanto  sublimior  Atlas 

25  Omnibus  in  Libya  sit  montibus;  hie  tamen  idem 
Ignoret,  quantum  ferrata  distet  ab  area 
Sacculus.     E  ccelo  descendit  rNX20I  2BATTON, 

nostris  tepeliturventribut,  quttre  nunCf  eur  resource."  G,    This  mess  was  a  coarse 

subito  moriamur:  mortibus  vivimus ',  Sen.  and  greasy  kind  of  dish,  which  the  gladt- 

CoDtr.  V.  pr.  K.  ators  ate,  while  in  traininj;;,  to  improve 

15.  <  The  price  never  stands  in  the  both  their  wind  and  their  limbs.  A  sort 
way  of  their  inclination.'  M.  of  macaronu  HO,    Thoogh  their  new 

16.  Cf.  Petr.  93.  Sen.  Cons,  ad  Helv.  food  may  not  be  prime  in  its  quality,  jet 
9.  R.  it  is  not  deficient  in  quantity,  whicD  is  a 

17.  '  They  make  no  difficulty,  M.  great  point,  cf.  ii.  53.  Tac.  H.  ii  88. 
(i. «.  they  hesitate  not)  about  raising.'  Prop.  IV.  viii.  25.  (BK.)  R. 

VS.  22.  Vtntidiui;  vii.  199.  or  Tac.  An. 

18.  '  By  pawning  their  plate.'  LU,  zii.  54.  PR,  Pers.  iv.  25  sq.  SCH.  bat 
cf.  vii.  73.  Plaut.  Cure.  II.  iii.  77.  Sen.    see  CAS,  R. 

Ben.  vii.  14.  Cat.  xxvi.  2.  {VU.  D(E.)  23.  Cf.  Xen.  An.  VII.  vii.  21. 

i2.  24.  Atlas ;  viii.  32.  M,  zui.  48.  LU. 

He  destroyed  the  features  of  the  image,  25.  '  There  is  as  wide  a  difference 

out  of  shame,  lest  it  should  be  recog-  between  the  coffers  (z.  25.  LC^.  ziv.259 

nized,  and  thereby  disgrace  himself  and  sq.  R.)  of  the  rich  and  the  poor  man's 

his  family.   In  all  probability  this  alludes  money-bag,  as  between  Atlas  and  the 

to  some  transaction  which  had  recently  lesser  mountains  of  Mauritania.' 

occurred.  LU.  27.  This  precept  has  been  assigned  to 

19.  With  numi  understand  s^sfertu.Af.  various  authors,  viz.  Socrates,  Cbilo, 
'  Four  hundred  sestertii' would  be  about  Thales,  Cleobulus,  Bias,  Pythagoras,  &c. 
three  guineas,  cf.  i.  106.  ii.  117.  v.  132.  D.  Laert.  i.  Cic.  ad  Q.  Fr.  iii.  6.  T.  Q. 
R.  i.  22,  52.  (  HA,)  Plat  Ale.  L  t.  ▼.  p.  56. 

*<  To  prepare   Yet  one  treat   more,  65.   Sen.  £p.  82.  VS.  SCH.  R.  oneu- 

though  but  in  earthen  ware!*'  G.  lorum  toeietatem  dedere  martala  Ckilani 

The  epithet  f^ulosuM  properly  belongs  Laeedcemonio,  tria  ^us  ftraeepta  Delpkit 

to  the  epicure.  VS,  eonsecrtmdo  aureit  liuris ;    Piin.  TU.  32. 

20.  I'here  is  much  poignsncy  in  the  Pors.  iv.  52.  PR.  It  is  very  sound 
circumstance  of  exchanging  plate  for  theology  to  ssy,  that,  to  have  tfaie  veil  of 
luxuries  to  be  eaten  out  of  earthen  dishes,  pride  and  self-love  taken  awav,  so  that 
Especially  as  at  Home  Jietiiibui  cacnare  we  know  ourselves  aright,  is  the  gift  of 
pudet ;  ill.  168.  The  gluttony  of  these  God  and  the  foundation  of  all  true  and 
spendthrifts  must  have  been  excessive,  to  saving  knowledge,  cf.  Jerem.  zvii.  9  sq. 
overcome  the  prevailing  prejudice  in  so  M.  The  comic  poets,  to  whom  nothing 
delicate  a  point.  G.  GR.  "  Then  to  the  was  sacred,  have  of  course  made  free 
fencer's  (vi.  82.)  mess  they  come,  of  with  this :  Murit  ir«AX*  &^*  Wriw  w  nmXSt 
course.  And  mount  the  scaffold  as  a  last  ^l^n^iff    rl   ypSii    ri«»ri*,  XC'* 


SAT.  XI.  OF  JUVENAL-  273 

Flgendum  et  memori  tractandum  pectore,  siye 
Conjugium  quseras  yel  sacri  in  parte  Senatus 

30  Esse  yelis :  nee  enim  loricam  poscit  Achillis 
Thersites,  in  qua  se  transducebat  Ulixes. 
Ancipitem  seu  tu  magno  discrimine  causam 
Protegere  afibctas ;  te  consule ;  die  tibi,  qui  sis, 
Orator  yehemens,  an  Curtius  et  Matho  buccae. 

35  Noscenda  est  mensura  sui  spectandaque  rebus 
In  summis  minimisque,  etiam  quum  piscis  emetur, 
Ne  mullum  cupias,  quum  sit  tibi  gobio  tantum 
In  loculis.     Quis  enim  te,  deficiente  crumena 
Et  crescente  gula,  manet  exitus,  aere  patemo 

40  Ac  rebus  mersis  in  yentrem,  feneris  atque 

Argenti  grayis  et  pecorum  agrorumque  capacem  ? 
Tdibus  a  dominis  post  cuncta  noyissimus  exit 
Annulus  et  digito  mendicat  Pollio  nudo. 
Non  praematuri  cineres  nee  funus  acerbum 


^rfrigw    yAf   <(*  «^  yiSHi  run  MXXtin'  reeusentf  quid  valeant  humeri ;    I  lor.  A. 

Mcnaiid.    To  this  Lt  Sage  alludei  with  P.  39  tq. 

his  uaal  lUicity ;  "  Loin  d§  m^exharter  36.  Tlie  poet  may  allude  to  the  fish 

Jt  mg  trmaptr  penmtnt,  mei  paretu  devcunt  which  Octavius  bought :  see  note  od  if.  16. 

aw  rtamummiuier  de  n§  wu  Uiiter  duper ;"  GIL 

Gil  Bbi.  G.  37.  «  A  surmullet.'  v.  92  sqa.  PA. 

28.  Figtudum ;  ▼.  12.  R.  The  price  of  <  a  gudgeoa.*  tU.  Plia. 

t9.  CmQMgmm  ;  wh  mtA  wmtfrif  Um  ix.  57.  (lIA.)  Ath.  vi.  44.  vii.  83.  (SW.) 

LUm  nmktfari ;  Ot.  Her.  is.  32.  GR,  In  like  manner,  there  are  said  to  be 

30.  *  TBcnitM  with  all  hu  impu-  aiini,  avis,  and  bov€$,  in  erumena ;  Plaut. 
dcBce,  iMid  not  the  audacity  to  put  in  a  As.  111.  ii.  44.  True.  III.  i.  10.  Pers. 
cUim  to  the  innoor  of  Achilles;   FL,  II.  v.  16.  R, 

which  eftB  Ulyaaet*  with  all  his  wisdom,  40.  Hence  a  man  of  this  character 

Bade  hiBMelf  ndienloos  by  wearing :'  T.  was  called  gurgei,  G  R.  vorago  patrimonii, 

M  the  daw  hy  dremng  in  the  peacock's  or  barathrum  macellL  A. 

harrowed  plemef.  Jf.  ct  viti.  17,  note.  41.  Argenti  gravi* ;  ix.  141.  A. 

1^  1 16.  z.  84  i^     We  should  probably  43.  "  The  last  poor  shift,  off  comes  the 

reed  pmtai.  R*  knightly  ring."  G.  cf.  Mart.  II.  Ivii.  7  sq . 

Lsricm,  mde  by  Valcan  :   Of.  M.  VIII.  ▼<  2.  Apul.  Ap.  p.  322,  21.  eon- 

zm.  LU»  ttitutum  erat,  ne  eui  jus  annulorum  e*$et, 

31.  TWrnter;  viiL269.  T.  According  niti  eui,  ingenue  ipti,patri,avoquepaterno, 
to  Q.  CaL  and  Lyeoph.  999.  (  TZ.  PTR.)  uttertia  cccc  census  fuisttt ;  Plin.  zxziii. 
he  is  Mid  to  have  bean  slain  with  a  blow  2  «  7.  A.  i.  28,  note. 

of  the  fiat  hv  Aduiles.  FL.  Tettudinum  putamina  secure  in  laminas 

33.  Cf.  rert.  it.  23.  52.  LU.  Uctosque  et  repositoria  his  vestire  CarviUus 

34.  CurtieuUenUmWy  iv.  107.  FE,  Pollio  instituit,  prodigi  et  sagacis  ad 
AledU  ;  i.  32.  vii.  129.  FE.  luxurim  mstrumenta  ingenii ;  Plin.  iz.  10 
Baectf;  •  mere  talk.'  Mart.  I.  zlii.  13.  e  13.  (Hit.)  PA.  ix.  6.  A. 

P0tr.  48.  ct  UL  36.  A.  44.  The  sooner  they  die,  the  better. 

38b  gaailli  mwNrimm  awlrii,  giii  seribitis,  FA,    Their  aim  is  a  short  life  and  a 

vMbitM  ;  91  vcnaft  diu,  quid  ferre  merry  one,  and  their  maxim  "  Let  us  eat 

2n 


274  THE  SATIRES  sat.  xi. 

45  Luxuriae ;  sed  morte  magis  metuenda  senectus. 
Hi  plerumque  gradus :  conducta  pecunia  RomaB 
Et  coram  dominis  consumitnr :  inde  ubi  paulum,, 
Nescio  quid,  superest  et  pallet  feneris  auctor, 
Qui  vertere  solum,  Bcdas  et  ad  ostrea  currant. 

50  Cedere  namque  foro  jam  non  est  deterius,  quam 
Esquilias  a  ferventi  migrare  Subura. 
lUe  dolor  solus  patriam  fugientibus,  ilia 
Moestitia  est,  caruisse  anno  Circensibus  uno. 
Sanguinis  in  facie  non  haeret  gutta :  morantur 

55  Pauci  ridiculum  effugientem  ex  Urbe  Pudorem. 
Experiere  hodie,  numquid  pulcerrima  dictu, 
Persice,  non  praBstem  vita  vel  moribus  et  re ; 
Sed  laudem  siliquas  occultus  ganeo ;  pultes 
Coram  aliis  dictem  puero,  sed  in  aure  placentas. 

60  Nam  quum  sis  conviva  mihi  promissus,  habebis 

and  drink,  for  to-morrow  we  die."  M.  57.  *  In  reality.'  Ter.  And.  V.  i.  5. 

1  Cor.  XV.  32.  M.     lirM  §u  rk  Mvra  ^un^St  l^rmsHStt, 

45.  '  To  the  luxurious.*  FA,  futi  i^atSf  Arist.  Rh.  II.  xxiv.  2. 

47.  I^nmmij  *  the  lenders.*  Fil.  5B.  Siliquat;     Per*,  iii.   55.  (CAS,) 

48.  '*  And  the  pale  usurer  trembles  PR.  imitated  from  Hor.  II  Ep.  i.  123. 
for  his  gold."  G.  tiliqua  may  be  '  the  pods'  of  the  Carob- 

49.  Qui  volunt  pcmam  aliquam  subter-     tree  (or  St  John's  Uread,  LU.^  which 
fugere  aut  calamitatem, solum  veitunt,  hoc    were  eaten  not  only  by  swine,  bat  bj 

e$i ,  sedem  ac  loatm  mutant ;  Cic.forCcc.  slaves  and  men  of  low  condition.  Plin. 

34.  K.  xiii.  8  «  16.  xv.  24  i  26.  (HA.)  SA,  Ex. 

'  Even  in  their  exile,  they  have  an  eye  PI.  p.  459  sq.  SL,  on  »tfdn§9.  R,  St 

to  the  good  things  of  this  life:   oysters  Luke  xv.  16. 

have  their  charms.'  iv.  140,  and  viii.  86,         PuUes;  vii.  185,  note.  PR.     It  was  a 

notes.  R.  mixture  of  coarse  meal  and  water,  sea- 

*  They  run'  lest  their  creditors  should  soned  with  salt  and  cheese,  or  sometimes 

get  hold  of  them.  R.  enriched  with  an  egg  and  sweeteoed  with 

50.  *  1  o  give  one's  creditors  the  slip/  honey.       Our    '  hasty-pudding'    comes 
'  to  run  away  from  justice.'  M.    *  To  pretty  near  it.     Pliny  the  elder  sayt. 


abscond  from  'change,' '  to  become  bank-  puUe    non   pang    vixiue   longfo 

rupt.'  Sen.  Ben.  iv.  39.  R,  Romanos    manifihtum  ;      zviiL     8*— 10. 

51.  Cf.  iii.  5.  LU.  iii.  71.  v.  78.  PR.  Their  descendants,  the  poor  of  Italy, 

53.  Cf.  x.  80  sq.  FA.  iii.  223.  PR.  still  consume  Tast  quantities  of  it,  under 

54.  Cf.  X.  300  sq.  PR.  ''Where  the  name  of  ^/mta  (cf.  Pers.  iii.  56.)  or 
sleep<«  the  modest  blood  1  in  all  our  macaroni,  a  little  improved  indeed  by  the 
veins,  No  conscious  drop  to  form  a  blush  addition  of  rasped  clieese  and  its  nevtr- 
remains.  Shame,  from  the  town,  failing  attendant,  rancid  oil.  G.  M. 
scorn'dy  baffled,  hastes  away  ;  And  few,  xvi.  39.  Varr.  L.  L.  iv.  22.  R.  V.  Max« 
alas  !  solicit  her  to  stay."  G.  ii.  5.  FA, 

55.  Cf.  vi.  20.  PR.  59.  •  Cheesecakes.'  Mart.  VII.  xx.  8. 

56.  '  To-day  you  shall  be  convinced  PR.  mellUat  placentas ;  Hor.  I  Ep.  z. 
by  your  own  experience,  whether  I  am  11  sq.  M,  Cato  gives  the  receipt  for 
one  of  those  hypocrites,  who  discourse  making  them  ;  R.  R.  76.  LU. 

fairly  and  finely,  but  do  not  act  up  to        60.  Cf.  Virg.^Yiiu  100  sqq.  FS.  ib. 

their  professions.'  M,  cf.  ii.  1  sqq.  R.  359—369.  R. 


SAT.  XI.  OF  JUVENAL.  375 

Evandrum,  venies  Tirynthius  aut  minor  illo 
Hospes  et  ipse  tamen  contingens  sanguine  ccBlutn; 
Alter  aquis,  alter  flammis  ad  sidera  missus. 
Fercula  nunc  audi  nuUis  omata  macellis. 

65  De  llburtino  veniet  pinguissimus  agro 

Hffidulus  et  toto  grege  moUior,  inscius  herbse 
Necdum  ausus  virgas  humilis  mordere  salicti, 
Qui  plus  lactis  habet  quam  sanguinis;  et  montani 
Asparagi,  posito  quos  legit  villica  fuso. 

70  Grandia  prseterea  tortoque  calentia  fceno  ^ 

Ova  adsunt  ipsis  cum  matribus  et  servatse 
Parte  anni,  quales  fuerant  in  vitibus,  uvae: 
Signinum  Syriumque  pyrum,  de  corbibus  isdem 

61.  Aci    mopa     Evandrut    habehat;  This  bill  of  fare  Martial  has  imitated  in 

Virg.  100.  LU.  several  places,  but  more  particularly  in 

Heiculei  wmi  called  *  the  Tirynthian ;'  X.  xlviii.  His  entertainment,  however,  is 

Virg.  228.    fFom  Tiryns  a  town  of  Ar-  more  varied  and  his  guests  are  more 

ffoKs,  LU.  the  birth-place  of  his  mother  numerous :  the  seasoning  too  of  his  treat 

Alcmena.  M.  is  very  pleasant ;  accederit  sine  felU  joci 

02.  .£aeai  wu  inferior  to  Alcides  in  nte  mane   timenda   libertas  et  nil  quod 

fuDt  and  achievements,  but  was  of  celes-  tacuisse  velis  *,   de  yrasino  conviva  men* 

tial  origin  both  by  the  father's  side,  and  venetoqne  loquatuvy  nee  facient  quemquam 

by  Yenus  his  mother.  LU,  Sil.  vi.  627.  pocula  nostra  reum;  21  sqq.  G. 
viii.  393  aqq.  R.  66.  <  Fatted  by  suckling ;'   like  our 

63.  ^Deaa  was  drowned  in  the  Numi-  house'lamb.  M, 

cian  foantiiD.     Hercules  burnt  himself        67.  '  The   low  osier-bed.'    LU.    cf. 
oo  m  funeral  pile  upon  Mount  CEta,  to  Virg.  G.  ii.  434  sqq.  K. 
pat  an  end  to  the  dreadful  agonies  he        68.  '  The    wild    sperage,    from    the 
mflered  from  the  fatal   tunic  sent  by  mout.tain's  side,'   G.   was  less  delicate 
Dciaoira,  which  had  been  dipped  in  the  than  that  which  was  cultivated  in  gar- 
blood  of  the   CenUur  Nessus.     They  dens.  BEL    Plin.  xvi.  36  s  67.  xix.  8  s 
wen  bolb  deiBed  after  death.    VS.  cf.  42.  R.  cf.  v.  82.  M. 
Dkmyt.  H.  i.  Ov.  M.  ix.  Sen.  H.  CEt.        69.  '  llie  wife  of  my  farm-servant.' 
PR.    JEnta,  eanctns  eris,eum  te  vene-  cf.  iv.  77.  Mart.  I.  Ivi.  11.  IX.  Ixi.  3. 
Tmmda  Nnmiei  unda  deum  ecelo  miserit  X.  xlviii.  7  sqq.  R. 
tmfigftm;    Tib.  II.  v.   43  sq.  (Hy.)         71.  •  With  the  pullets  that  laid  them.' 
y«(gft  ««craCu  iguihus  (Ete,  ingentemque  M, 

iAJcidue)amimamropiuntad*ideraflam'         72.  Grapes  were  preserved  in  various 

flt<r;  Sil.  iii.  43  sq.  ^«r}«)r*H^«»Xia  ways,  by  beins;  put  into  jars,  by  being 

U  wj  C/iTf  MmrmHrnttHfTM  it%f  ys*Uitu'  hm)  hung  up  by  the  stalks,  and  by  several 

yik^  Ui«wf,  AirtfimXm9  JT«r«v  M^m^tn  other  methods.  Colum.  xii.  43.  Varr.  B. 

i7j|r«  mt^  rJw  finr^t  mm)  Hmiei^h  rs  ««)  K.  i.  54.   Plin.  xiv.   I.  xv.  17.  xxii.  1. 

Jkas4fmrm  fi^  ri  ht9f.  Ifim^ivnAv  iri  Apic.  A.  C.i.  17.  Didyni.  Geop.  iv.  15. 

«w  flrt^H.  AAirrmte  Ir  nvt  it§^r   Luc.  A.     These  were  kept  by  the  second 

Uermot.  7.  R,  method.  VS. 

64.  Dapibus  mensoi  cnerabat  inemtis ;  73.  Signia»  in  Latium,  (now  *  Segni*) 
Virg.  G.  iv.  133.  LU.  Compare  bene  was  famous  for  its  fine  peais,  Plin.  xv. 
erat,  nan  ptseibue  urbe  petitis,  sed  puUo  15  s  16.  Cels.  ii.  24.  PR.  Id,  iv.  19. 
at^su  hado;  S^e.  Hor.  II  S.  ii.  1208qq.  R.  Colum.  V.  x.  18.  ami  also  for  its  rough 

65.  Juvenal  probably  bad  a  country  astringent  wines,  Plin.  xiv.  6.  xxxv.  12. 
bouo  io  tbt  neighbourfaood  of  Tibur.  3/.  R.  Sil.  viii.  380.  M. 


Ufc/li 


276  THE  SATIRES  sat.xi. 

^mula  Picenis  et  odoris  mala  reoentis 
75  Nee  metuenda  tibi,  siccatum  frigore  postquam 

Auctumnum  et  crudi  posuere  pericula  sucL 

Usee  olim  noatri  jam  luxuriosa  Sonatas 

Coena  fuit.     Curius,  parvo  quee  l^^rat  hortb^ 

Ipse  focis  brevibus  ponebat  oluscula,  quae  nunc  - 
80  SqualiduB  in  magna  fastidit  compede  fossor,    ^ 

Qui  meminity  calidse  sapiat  quid  vulva  popinae. 

Sicci  terga  suis^  rara  pendentia  crate, 

Moris  erat  quondam  festis  servare  diebus 

Et  natalitium  cognatis  ponere  lardum, 
85  Accedente  nova,  si  quam  dabat  hostia»  carne. 

Cognatorum  aliquis,  titulo  ter  Consulb  atque 

'  The  Bergamot  peart*  came  originally  agriculturam  vincti  jpedn,  dmwmmtm  ■•- 

from  Svria.    Some  think  them  the  same  nut,  inscripti  vuUutexeretnt;  PIin.zvnL 

as  the'  FalerntaD,    GR,   or  Tarentine.  3.  PR,  Ot.  Pont.  I.  vi.  31  sq.  JR. 
Coluro.  z.  5.  Macr.  iii.  19.  Plio.  PR,        81.  Mt  mtatema  gravi  de  ma  «■<•• 

Mart.  V.  Ixzix.   13.  Virg.   G.  ii.  88.  empit;   Mart.  XIII.  Ivi.  VII.  six.  11. 

Theophr.  iv.  4.  p.  32.  R.  ejectitia  autem  vulva  e$t,  fM«  exirmkUmr 

Their  being  pat  all  in  the  same  basket  vtero  sui$  jn-agnantit'y  poreaiM,  poOftugm 

denotes  the  simplicity  of  the  dessert.  PR,  jteperk ;  Plin.  Tiii.  61 .  xL  87  s  84.  {HA,) 

74.  '  The  apples  of  Picenum*  were  SCH,  nil  vulva  pulerha  ampim ;  Hor.  1 
considered  the  finest.  Pieenit  cedunt  £p.  xv.  41.  PR.  Apic.rf«  R.Ciil.  Yii.  I. 
prnnis  TibuTtia  tuco,  nam  facie  priBttant;  Ath.  iii.  17.  21  sq.  R. 

Hor.  II  S.  iv.  70  sq.  LU.  ih.  iiL  272.  82.  <  A  flitch  of  smoked  hacoo.*  LU. 

Picenum  was  also  famous  for  its  pears,  vti.  119.  Hor.  11  S.  ii.  I17sqq.  iC  Varr. 

Plin.  XV.  15  t  16.  (HA,)  and  olives,  R.  R.ii.  4.  PR. 

and  rolls;  Mart.  XIII.  zxxvi.  xlvii.  A.  '  A  rack  with  its  ban  wide  apart.'  Jif. 

75.  'After  they  have  laid  aside  their  Mart.  XIV.  ccxxi.  As  the  ancients  bad 
autumnal  crudity,  now  mellowed  by  the  no  chimneys,  the  smoke  had  to  maka  iii 
frost,  and  the  unwholesome  qualities  of  escape,  as  it  could,  through  vrindowt  aad 
the  raw  juice/  LU,  doors;  and  what  they  wanted  to  saoke 

77.  With  this  contrast  between  the  was  hung  up  to  the  rafters,  cf.  vi.  330, 
ancient  frugality  and  the  modern  magni-  note.  Colum.  xii.  53.  Macr.  viL  12.  Ov. 
ficence,  may  be  compared  vi.  286  sqq.  F.  ii.  645.  Petr.  96.  135  so.  (Bt/.)  it. 
xiv.  160  sqq.  Hor.  I  Od.  xii.  33  sqq.  II  83.  '  For  high  days  and  hdidaya,  as 
Od.  V.  10—20.  Ill  Od.  vi.  17—48.  Ov.  a  great  treat'  M.  cf.  Virg.  M.  i.  207.  ». 
F.  i.  197  sqq.  Prop.  IV.  i.  R.  84.  '  To  set  before  the  family  party/ 

'  Of  our  senators.'  R,  R. 

78.  Curiusi  ii.  3,  note.  PR.  Cic  dt  85.  '  With  the  addition  of  lieth  meat. 
Sen.  VS,  Plin.  xix.  5  1 26.  extr.  Sen.  to  VS,  if  there  was  a  sacrifice  to  tSMly 
Helv.  10.  cL  dt  Prov.  3.  R.  He  was  any.'  On  birth-days,  such  as  could  aflM 
found  by  the  Saronite  ambassadors,  sit-  it,  ofiered  a  victim  to  their  Geniaa :  [bat 
ting  by  a  small  fire,  and  preparing  a  dish  cf.  Pers.  ii.  3,  note :]  LU,  or  piirrhiiwd 
of  turnips  for  his  supper,  with  his  own  from  thequoestorpartof  tbtanunalsslaia 
hands.  Af.  O,  in  public  sacrifices.  V.  Max.  II.  ii.  8. 

79.  The  epithets  parvo  and  brevibut  are  PR.  Anciently  animals  were  only  killed 
both  to  be  noted.  R.  for  sacrifice.  The  use  of  flesh  as  an  artieW 

Oluteulu;  Hor.  II  S.  ii.  117.  Aromian  of  food  was  introduced  by  slow  degrees 
£p.  zx.  in  Br.  An.  t.  ii.  p.  388.  R.  and  very  sparingly;  and  for  a  long  while, 

80.  Cf.Tiii.  179  sq.  Pers.  vi.  40.  LU,    it  was  never  eaten  unkis  salted.  CAS. 


SAT.  XI.  OF  JUVENAL.  277 

Castrorum  imperils  et  Dictatoris  honore 

Functusy  ad  has  epulas  solito  maturius  ibat, 

Erectum  domito  referens  a  monte  ligonem. 
90  Quum  tremerent  autem  Fabios  durumque  Catonem 

Et  Scaiiros  et  Fabricios,  postremo  severos 

Censoris  mores  eliam  collega  timeret; 

Nemo  inter  curas  et  seria  duxit  habendum, 

Qualis  in  Oceani  fluctu  testudo  nataret, 
95  Clarum  Trojugenis  factura  ac  nobile  fulcrum : 

Sed  nudo  latere  et  parvis  frons  aerea  lectis 

Vile  coronati  caput  ostendebat  aselli, 

aa.  *  Before  the  aioth  hour/  VS,  i.  pute  between  RulUanut  and  Decius,  men- 

49,  note.  R.    He  harried  to  such  a  fra-  tioDed  just  before,  M.  or  to  that  between 

gal  meal,  as  to  something  quite  out  of  the  Af.  Livitu   Salinator  and    C.    Claudiut 

comaoa  way.  LU,  Nero,  A.  U.  549.  Lit.  xxix.  37.  V.  Max. 

89.  Plinjr  mentioni  olives  and  myrtles,  II.  iv.  R. 

then  living,  which  had  been  planted  by  93.  Cf.  Virg.  G.  ii.  462  sqq.  R. 

the  hands  of  the  elder  Africanus :   xtu  94.  Testudines  tanta  magnitudinh  In- 

mU.  PR.    Agricultural  pursuits  gave  rise  dicum  mare  emittit,  ut  tingularum  super' 

Id  many  noble  names:  Fabius,  Lentulus,  ficie  habitabilet  easat  integaut ;  atqite  inter 

Cir«r«,S«rraiiif«,Puo,  Pi/umntUf^c.  Plin.  imulat  rubri  maris  his  navigmit  cimbis, 

xviiL  3 — 5.    Colam.  praef.  K.    The  hero  in   Phanicio  mari  hand  ulla  difficuUate 

m  the  text  shoulders  his  spade,  as  though  capiuntnr^  S(e,  Plin.  ix.  10  1 12.  note  on 

proud  of  his  victory  over  the  stubborn  43.  PR,  Plin.  xxziii.  9  i  51.  R. 

soil.  LU.  M.  96.    XtXiifmt     mw»4»tX^itas    neSrmt' 

Extremit  domitut  euUoribus  orbi*;  Clem.  Alex.  FA.    xXiW  Jtr§  ;^iX4mw 

Vifg.  G.  ii.  114.  subigere  is  used  in  the  'li/^mnt'  Luc.  cf.  vi.  80.  Plin.  xxxii.  4. 

same  sense;  Ov.  Met.  xL  31.  M.  Mart.  (HA.)  Sen.  Ben.  vii.  9.  R.  ditternebatur 

IV.  taaiv.  33.  Virg.  JE.  ix.  608.  R.  lectus  Indica  testudine  peliucidut,  plumea 

90u  Several  FJfii  bore  the  office  of  amgerie  tumidus,  vette  terica  floridus; 

Ccuor;   (I)   Af.  F.  AmbuUus,  A.  U.  Apol.  Met  x.  gemmantes  prima  fulgent 

890;  (8)  Q.  F.  Max.  RuUianut,  A.  U.  testudine  lecti;  Mart  XII.  Ixvii.  PR.  cf. 

449;  (3)  Q.  F.  Gurgn,  his  son.  A.  U.  vi.  22.  3f. 

473;  (4)  Q.  F.  Max.  Verrucowt  Ctme-  Trojugenis;  cf.i.  100.  M. 

trntm^  A.  U.  623;   (5)  M.  F.  Buteo,  96.  AWo,  *  bare  of  ornaments.*  VS. 

A.  U.  612 ;  (6)  Q.  F.  Max,  Servitianus,  97.  Antifui  nostri  in  iectis  trieliniari'. 

A.  U.  e27 ;  and  (7)  Q.  F.  Max.  Emilia'  bust  in  julcris  capita  asellarum  vite  alU- 

Mis  AUakngkus,  A.  U.  646.  R.    The  gala  habuerunt,  signiJieaHtes\^quod  pawn* 

■econd  is  here  meant,  who  obliged  his  pinos  prttrodendo  putare  vites  doeuerit, 

eolleagiie  P.  Decius  to  let  him  adminis-  atque  ita  vini    suavitalem*]    invenerit  ; 

ter  the  office  with  all  the  strictneu  of  the  Hyg.  F.  274.  (MUN.)  FE.  rkti  M 

cood  oM  times.  VS.  cf.ii.  145  sq.  vi.266.  rSf  U  NcvrX/f  Xsyifum  U  r«v  Suf,  «f 

PR»  Wt^mym  mfiwiXsv  mXnfs*  i^isfm^n  U 

M.  Pertius  Cato,  of  Tusculum,  was  v)  fsixxst  ATs^^n  r»  $ui(w§f.  »cJ  Sut 

CcnsOT,  A.  U.  569.  triste  supereilium  r^/ri*  Iv  irtr^^  n«'«f«/MSMf  £a  wra  t#T#f , 

duriqut  mvtra  .Catonis  frons ;    Mart,  in  i^irix«rr  hU^g  rt/sh,  irm^infu  tim 

XI.  ii.  1.  R.  cf.  ii.  40.  PR.  iJ^iXsym  liyepf^nsf  Paus.  ii.  38.  R. 

91.  M.  JEmiUus Semurus  was  Censor,  Perhaps  we  should  read  Vite.  HN, 
A.  U.  646.  R.  cf.  ii.  36.  PR*  The  ass  was  a  favourite  of  Sileous ;  its 

C.   Fabriehis    Luseimu   wss  Censor,    head,  therefore,  crowned  with  clusters  of 
A«  U.  478.  K.  cf.  ix.  142.  PR.  grapes,  was  csst  in  brass,  and  fixed  upon 

92.  This  may  allude  either  to  the  dis-    the  front  of  the  couches  on  which  tney 


278 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  XI. 


Ad  quod  lascivi  ludebant  runs  alumni. 
Tales  ergo  cibi,  qualis  domus  atque  supellex. 

100  Tunc  rudis  et  Graias  mirari  nescius  artes, 
Urbibus  eversis,  prsedanim  in  parte  reperta 
Magnorum  artificum  frangebat  pocula  miles, 
Ut  phaleris  gauderet  equus,  cselataque  cassis 
Romulete  simulacra  ferae  mansuescere  jussae 

105  Imperii  fato,  geminos  sub  rupe  Quirinos, 
Ac  nudam  effigiem  clypeo  venientis  et  hasta 
Pendentisque  Dei  perituro  ostenderet  hosti. 
Argenti  quod  erat,  solis  fulgebat  in  armis : 
Ponebant  igitur  Tusco  farrata  catino. 


sat  at  meat,  as  a  provocative  to  hilarity 
and  good  fellowship.  G. 

98.  As  the  old  Komans  had  made  no 
extraordinary  progress  in  any  of  the  fine 
arts,  we  may  easily  suppose  that  the 
clumsy  workmanship  of  these  ornaments 
provoked  the  risibility  of  the  '  unlucky 
Doys'  of  the  family.  G. 

99.  '  They  were  all  of  a  piece.'  M. 

100.  Cf.  Polyb.  in  Strab.  p.  381.  V. 
Pat.  i.  13.  R. 

102.  '  Of  great  artisU :'  vUi.  102  sqq. 
R. 

The  army  of  Clovis,  the  founder  of  the 
French  monarchy,  having  plundered  a 
church,  carried  off,  among  other  sacred 
utensils,  a  vase  of  extraordinary  size 
and  beauty.  On  coming  to  Soissons, 
where  the  booty  was  to  be  divided,  and 
was  placed,  for  that  purpose,  in  one 
great  heap  in  the  centre  of  the  army, 
Clovis  entreated,  that,  before  making  the 
division,  they  would  give  him  that  vase 
over  and  above  his  share.  All  appeared 
willing  to  gratify  the  king  by  complying 
with  his  request,  when  a  fierce  and 
haughty  soldier  lifted  up  his  battle-axe, 
and,  striking  the  vase  with  the  utmost 
violence,  cried  out  with  a  loud  voice, 
*'  You  shall  receive  nothing  here  but  that 
to  which  the  lot  gives  you  a  right !"  Greg, 
of  Tours,  Hist.  Fr.  ii.  27. 

103.  FhalfrU:  cf.  x.  134.  Virg.  JE, 
ix.  359.  (i/r.)  Ov.  M.  viii.  33.  (H. 
BU,)  Fetr.  65.  Suet.  Ner.  33.  Sil.  xv. 
255.  (DU,^  R,  alia  purpurece  t€tnia 
dona  ac  pectora  coUaqng  equmum  complec- 
titntur ;  pro  fatcii*  aurea  phalerct  cer- 
nnntur,  qua  $unt  ovaUi  crbicuU  et  auro 
dutineta  tora ;  Pancir.  Dig.  Imp.  Or. 
ORjE.  [Livy  xxii,  62,  7.  ED.] 


104.  <  Of  the  she-wolf.'  cf.  liv.  i.  4. 
PR,  It  was  customary  to  have  the 
origin  or  history  of  their  ancestors  or 
their  country  embossed  on  their  bdiaeti 
or  shields.  Sil.  i.  407.  416.  viii.  385  iqq. 
XV.  682.  (DR,)  R.  LU. 

105.  tato;  cf.  Her.  i.  Ul,  ooU  89. 
For '  the  rock/  Dionys.  H.  i.   Virg. 

iE.  viii.  630.  (C£.)  the  Jieus  Rumimmim 
is  generally  substituted.  Plio.  zv.  18  «  20. 
{HA.)  R. 

'  The  twin  Quirini*  i.  t,  Romaloa  aad 
Remus.  Af. 

106.  *  Of  Mars  descending  to  visit 
Ilia,  VS.  and  hovering  over  her  in  the 
air,'  Spence,  Polymetis,  vii.  p.  77.  or 
'  over  his  children  as  their  guaraimn.'  Jf. 

107.  The  Roman  soldiers  used  to  biv 
on  their  helmets  the  first  history  of  Ro- 
mulus. The  figure  of  the  god  of  war  was 
made  as  if  descending  on  the  priMtaa 
Ilia.  The  sculptor,  to  distinffiiiih  bin 
from  the  rest  of  the  gods,  gave  1iim»  what 
the  medalist  calls  his  proper  attribotai, 
a  spear  in  one  hand  and  a  shield  in  the 
other.  As  he  was  represented  descend- 
ing, his  figure  appeared  suspended  in  the 
air  over  ihc  vestal :  Addison,  Trav.  p.  184. 
He  illustrates  this  by  a  coin  of  Antooious 
Pius,  which  appears  to  be  a  mere  copy 
of  this  description.  Both  Ovid  and  Ti- 
bullus,  however,  say  that  Mars  was  un- 
armed. G.  See  Hamilton's  Vases,  pi. 38. 
62.  &c. 

108.  Cf.  Suet.  C»s.  67.  (CAS.)  R. 
[Livy  xxii.  62.  ED.) 

109.  Tutcum  fictile',  Pers.  ii.  60.  LI/. 
Aretitia  nimii  ne  spemas  vnta  mouemnt, 
lautai  erat  Tu$cit  Parsena  fictiUbusi 
Mart.  XIV.  xcviii.  M.  Plin.  xuv.  12  s 
46.  (HA.)  R. 


SAT.  XI.  OF  JUVENAL.  279 

110  Omnia  tunc,  quibus  invideas,  si  lividulus  sis. 
Templorum  quoque  majestas  praesentior,  et  vox 
Nocte  fere  media  mediamque  audita  per  Urbem, 
Litore  ab  Oceani  Gallis  venientibus  et  Dis 
Officium  vatis  peragentibus,  his  monuit  nos. 

115  Banc  rebus  Latiis  curam  praestare  solebat 
flctilis  et  nullo  violatus  Jupiter  auro. 
Ilia  domi  natas  nostraque  ex  arbore  mensas 
Tempera  viderunt;  hos  lignum  stabat  in  usus, 
Annosam  si  forte  nuccm  dejecerat  Eurus. 

120       At  nunc  divitibus  ccenandi  nulla  voluptas, 
Nil  rhombus,  nil  dama  sapit;  putcre  videntur 
Unguenta  atque  rosae,  latos  nisi  sustinet  orbes 

Forro/a;  cf.xiv.  171.  LU,  Sen.  to  Helv.  10.  Mart  XIV.  clxxviii. 

110.  '  Yet  all  was  then  most  enviable,  Tib.  I.  x.  19  sqq.  Luc.  Contempl.  t.  i. 
if  you  had  but  m  tpark  of  that  feeling  in  p.  505.  V.  Max.  iv.  4.  Ov.  F.  i.  201  iq. 
your  compositioD.    M,  Of  Jupiter  Hansmon,  Lucan  says>  pauper 

111.  '  The  majesty  of  the  gods  in  the  adhuc  deus  est,  nuUU  violata  per  avum 
temples  was  more  [Mropiiious.'  M.  of.  iii.  divitiU  deluhra  teruni^  morumque  priorum 
18,  note.  Virg.  £.  i.  42.  G.  i.  10.  (/f  T.  numen  Romano  templum  dej'endit  ab  auro; 
C£.)  n,  ix.  519  sqq.  R,    The  statue  of  Cybele 

112.  M.  Cigdmui  de  pUhe  uuniiavii  (iii.  137,  note.)  was  still  more  rude 
frsftNNis,  MiM  A^iraFia«u6>  nuncrac«//nm  and  artless  than  that  mentioned  in  the 
Mtyjupra  dNbmFef/a,fiocem  noetit  iiUntio  text.  The  true  principle  (I  believe)  of 
mmdum  elariarem  humana,  qua  magis-  the  adoration  which  was  anciently  paid 
froft6iisdtctjMfore(OALLos  aoventare;  to  those  unfinished  masses  of  stone,  as 
Liv.  V.  32.  50.  LU,  Plut.  V.  Cam.  G.  well  as  to  the  first  shapeless  blocks  which 

1 13.  Inviiitato  atque  inaudito  hoste  ab  were  set  up  in  the  temples,  was  the  pro« 
OeMfM  Urrarumque  uUimis  oris  bellum  found  reverence  entertained  for  the  gods; 
eiemU,  9ie.  Liv.  v.  37.  i.  e,  *  the  Senones,'  which  did  not  suffer  the  artists  to  invest 
voder  Brennos.  LU,  ib,  33  sqq.  them  too  closely  with  a  determinate  form. 

1 14.  ifis  ( 1 )  *  from  these  temples,'  R,  In  process  of  time  they  grew  bolder :  and 
(2)  '  by  tbeic  methods,'  M.  (3)  *  con-  it  is  an  observable  thing  in  the  history  of 
«tnnBg  these  foes.'  ACH,  sculpture,  that  the  most  admired  statues 

1 1&  Rsi  LatuB  *  the  Roman  common-  of  the  deities  were  produced  in  the  age  of 

wealth.'  JR.  scepticism,  or  infidelity.    This  applies  no 

1 16.  Cf.  Pers.  ii.  69,  69.    The  golden  less  to  the  Greeks  than  to  the  Romans :  the 

3|e  was  that*  when  there  was  least  gold,  latter,  while  they  were  sincere  believers 

.  ill.  20.  LU.  el  te  q[uoque  dignumjinge  in  their  mythology,  had  not  a  god  tole* 

elm:  Jwgu  autem  nan  auro,  non  argento:  rably  executed.    G.    cf.  Virg.   G.   ii. 

mmpattU  ex  hae  materia  imago  dei  exprimi  465  sq. 

theUU:  eegita  iUat,quum  propitii  essent,  118.  Stare  odtn  means  fitf:  cf.  Virg. 

JUtUufmme;  Sen.  Ep.  31.  extr.  Pliny.  AL.  i.  646.  vii.  553.  (i/V.)  R. 

epeaking  ofao  earthenware  image  of  Jupi-  119.  'A  walnut-tree.'  Af. 

ter,  whidi  the  elder  Tarquin  set  up  in  the  120.  Ventrem  invitant  preiio;  Claud. 

C9,pito\,%dd%thetenim  turn  imagines  deiim  xx.  329.    renovant  per  damna  famem; 

ermmt  Imudoiiuimg :  nee  panitet  nos  iUo-  Petr.  119.55.  Hor.  II  S.  ii.  21.   R. 

rum,  qui  talet  ciUuere,  aurum  enim  et  ar*  121.  '  Even    turbot    and   venison   is 

^ciiiiiM  M  diis  qiudem  eouficiebant :  durant  tasteless.'  Af. 

m  pitriiqueloeisetiam  nunejictilia  ista  H-  Dama;  Plin.  viii.  53.  PR,  jEU  H.  A. 

wemlmerm,  Mtmctiora  auro,  eerte  innoeentiora ;  xiv.  1 4.  R. 

Plio.iuv.  12 1 45iq.  PR,  ixxiv.  7 r  16.  122.  Cf.  ix.  128,  note.  R. 


/ 


280  THE  SATIRES  sat.  xi. 

Grande  ebur  et  magno  sublimU  pardus  biatu, 
Dentibus  ex  illis,  quos  mittit  porta  Syenes 

125  Et  Mauri  celeres  et  Mauro  obscurior  Indus 
Et  quos  deposuit  Nabatseo  belua  saltu. 
Jam  nimios  capitique  graves.     Hinc  surgit  orexis, 
Hinc  stomacho  bills;  nam  pes  argenteus  illis, 
Annulus  in  dlglto  quod  ferrous.     Eigo  superbum 

130  Convivam  caveo,  qui  me  sibi  comparat  et  res 
Dcspicit  exiguas.     Adeo  nulla  uncia  nobis 
Est  ebons  nee  tessellse  nee  calculus  ex  hac 

Orbes;    i.  75»  and  137,   notes.    R.  Her.  iv.  183.  Plio.  vi  29  t  34.  Luc  it. 

Citron-wood  tables  had  long  been  in  677  sqq.  K.  PA. 

high  estimation.   Cicero,  in  bis  impeach-  *  The  darker  Indian.'  SCH,  l*he  Greek 

meat  of  Verres,  says ;    tu  maximam  et  M«v^«f  means  '  obscure.'     Indit  ad  nc- 

puieerrimam  eitream  mituam  a  Q.  Lu-  ieentem  diem  m(<«  tamen  m  cerpere  eder 

tatio  Diodaro  abttuUstii    iv.    17.     This  noctis  iHest;    Apul.  Flor.   PR,   ceticehr 

may  be  alluded  to  in  i.  75.    Seneca,  Indo  Mauriu ;  Luc.  iv.  678.  A. 

accordinf^  to  Xiphilinus,  was  reproached  126.  The  capital  of  the  NabaUetM 

with  having  in  his  possession  no  less  than  was  Petra,  whence  the  whole  country 

five  hundred  or  these  costly  tables!  was  called  Arabia  Petraea.   Strab.  ivk 

G.    dentibu$  hie  niveii  tectot  AUantide  p.  779.  Plin.  vi.  28  t  33.  A.  FA^    They 

tUva  imposuere  orbes ;    Luc.  x.  144  sq.  were  named   after  '*  The  first-bora  oi 

PA.  Ishmael,  Nebajoth  ;"  Gen.  xzv.  13.  PA. 

123.  '  A  massive  ivory  pedestal  carved  The  elephant  is  said  to  shed  its  taski 
in  the  form  of  a  rampant  leopard.'  M.  every  two  years,  denies  deeiduee  emtm 
Round  tables  were  generally  ^MCflir,  aliquo  vel  eenecta  defbdiuut:  hoe  eolmm 
Lucian  calls  them  n^miriims  IktptfrS'  ehurett:  cireumventique  a  venantibus,  im» 
«*«)•#*  Somn.  HN.  paetot  urbarifrenguntt  preedaqme  te  redi' 

124.  '  Teeth :'  Pausanias  calls  them  miiN( ;  Plin.  viii.  3.  PA. 

'  horns.;  AH.  cf.'  Sil.  xvi.  206.  (DA.)         127.  'o^iSir  vi.428.PA.  Heiu^^ktiui 
Plin.  viii.  3.   10.    Prop.  11.  xxxi.    12.    amabattibipretiafM^oradiciearmmri 


(JB/f.)  A.  quee  mensa  parabantur,  erexin  commm 

Mittit;  cf.  iii.  205.  Plio.  xii.  5.  Mart,  hane  esse  aseerent;  Lampr.  29  extr.  cf.  «• 

II.  xliii.  9  sq.  IX.  xxiii.  5.  XIV.  Ixxxiz.  16.   A.     Coo^reve,  in  translating  ^is 

xci.  A.  passage,  has  given  a  conundrum  not  «■- 

Syene,  a  town  and  peninsula  of  the  worthy  of  Cowley  in  his  happieM  ao- 

Nile,  on  the  confines  of  iEthiopia  and  ments:   "  An  iv  ry  table  is  a  certain 

Egypt,  now  '  As&uan,'  under  the  tropic  whet;  You  would  not  think  how  bMitilv 

of  Cancer,  Ptol.  iv.  5.  (but  see  AN.)  to  he*ll  eat,  As  if  new  vigour  to  his  teeth 

which  Juvenal  was  banished,  as  it  was  a  were  sent,  By  sympathy  from  those  o*  A' 


Roman  garrison  town :  Strab.  xvii.  p.  797.    elephant." 


Plin.  V.  9  $  10.  {HA.)  or  the  island  EU-        128.  '  The  gastric  juice.'     Froa  the  / 

phantina  {for  janua  Batariim,  iii.  4.  does  irritation  of  the  coat  of  the  stomach  by  \ 

not  denote  Baiee  itself,)  may  be  meant  this  fluid,  arises  the  sensatKNi  wh^  we  v 

FA.  PR,  A.  call  hunger. 

125.  EUphantotfert  Africa  ultra  Syr-        '  Silver  was  thought  nothing  of,  in 

tieai  toUtudinet  et  in  Mauritania :  ferunt  comparison  with  ivory.'  VS* 
AEthiopee  et   Troglodyte:    ted  maximot        129.  'An  iron  rinf^.'  i.  28,  note.  M. 

India;  Plio.  viii.  II.  A.  cf.  Plin.  xxxiii.  1.  PA. 

The  Africans  generally  were  celebrated        131.  Adeo*  insomuch  that'  Jf. 
for  their  speed:   as  the  Carthaginians,        132.  '  Neither    the    squares    ia    my 

Sil.  iii.  232.  the  Getulians,  ib.  292  sqq.  chess-board  nor  the  chess-men  are  of 

theAutololes,tb.306sqq.theTroglodytse,  ivonr.'  cf.  Mart  XIV.  xvn.  xiv.  LU.    . 


•^•^.  XI.  OF  JUVENAL.  281 

Materia :  quin  ipsa  manubria  cultellorum 

Ossea.    Non  tamen  his  uUa  umquam  opsonia  fiunt 

I35  Rancidula,  aut  ideo  pejor  gallina  secatur. 
Sed  nee  structor  erit,  cui  cedere  debeat  omnis 
Peigula,  diflcipulus  Trypheri  doctoris,  apud  quern 
Somine  eum  magno  lepus  atque  aper  et  pygargus 
Et  Scythicae  yolucres  et  phGenicopterus  ingens 

140  Et  OfletaluB  oryx,  hebeti  lautissima  ferro 
Caeditur  et  tota  sonat  ulmea  ccena  Subura. 
Nee  frustum  eapresB  subducere  nee  latus  Afrse 


Pen.  iii.  48«  PR,  Prop.  II.  xxiv.  13.  coining  on,  with  chicken,  hare,  and  par- 

Theoph.  Cb.  ▼.  4.  (CAS.)  R.  tridge,  in  the  second  course  ;  iv.  28, 
134.  Htg  '  on  account  of  their  being        ^dirimt§s  *  crimson,'  rn^^v  '  pinion.* 

'  VSm  phcauccpteri  linguam  pracipui  saporii  eue 


136L  Cf.  ▼•  120  sqa.  notes.  LU,  Apieitu  docuit  nepotum  omnium  altiuimut 

137.  PgrguU  was  the  stall  on  the  oat-  gurges ;  Plin.  x.  48  s  67  sq.  (HA.)  dot 
ode  of  a  tlMp,  where  articles  were  dis-  mihi  ptnna  rubem  nomen,  ted  lingua 
phyed  f»r  more  jmblidty,  and  where  guUsit  nostra  sapit ;  quid  kigarrula  lingua 
ebKwe  mrtists  exhibited  their  skill  to  fintf  Mart.  XI TI.  Ixxi.  PR.  Suet.  Vit. 
IBB  Dotofiehr.  JS,  VL,  cf.  Plin.  xxxt.  13.  R.  "  Evening  comes  on :  arisine 
10  #  8$.  12.  (flJ.)  Suet.  Aug.  94.  111.  from  the  stream.  Homeward  the  tall 
Gr.  18.  It  b  here  pot  for  the  professors  f  1  a  m  i  n go  wings  his  flight ;  And  where 
ef  fikm  scitnoe  of  earring,  who  exhibited  be  sails  athwart  the  sitting  beam.  His 
■t  jhese  stalia.  PR,  Scr.  H.  Aug.  t.ii.  scarlet  plumage  glows  with  deeper 
fb  738.  (8A.)  R.  light;"  Southey,  Kehamah,  V.  i.  1  sqq. 

Doctor  Tryphtnu  was  the  master  of  a  140.  The  oryx  was  a  species  of '  ante- 

carvinr   academy  in  the  Subura.    M.  lope' or '  wild  goat'  Plin.ii.  40. 46.  LC^. 

Hifi|fi  '  delicate.'  VL,  Tiii.  53  t  79.  z.  73  »  94.  xi.  46  s  106. 

138.  &isMn  was  the  udder  of  a  sow  (HA.)  Mart.  XIII.  xct.  iKl.  xiv.  14. 
UM  llic  day  after  farrowing,  cf.  81.  M.  PR.  R. 

Pen.  L  53.  LU.  Mart  XIII.  xliv.  PR.  141.  These  delicious  birds  and  beasU 

Pfin.  zi.  87 1  84.  exir,  (HA.)  R.  were  carved  in  elm,  and  divided  into 

l^ttyfi  (myk '  tail/  Jk^yk  '  white')  tbeir  proper  slices  and  joints.  The  several 

F3L    Plin.  Tiii.  53.  PEL    '  The  white  pieces  were  fastened  together  either  by 

■iiriiyt/  Pennant ;    '  the  spring-bok*  slight  pegs  or  weak  glue,  which  gave  way 

(i.  a,  tonnding  goat)  of  the  Cape,  Spar-  to  the  olunt  knives  used  by  the  professor 

■MB  ;  G*  or  *  nidle.'  R.  and  his  pupils.    This  could  not  be  done 

139.  Tho  pboasant,  ifmt  pm^mttMit  or  without  some  noise.  LU.  PH. 
^mtmmigt  derived  its  name  from  the  Phasis,  1 42.  '  M  v  little  novice  knows  not  how 

^8.  a  liw  of  Colchis,  on  the  confines  of  to  take  off  by  the  sly  a  piece  of  a  roe.' 


Beytluu  PR.  Pletr.  93.  (  WE.)  R.  «CLi#««  VS. 

T  ifdim  «wi  mmUufiitm  faimvSf  furf  *  Or  a  slice  off  the  breast  of  a  turkey,' 

•gifif  x^  *IS^  ^  liH3«^  «'«w  #r»>  Jf.  [rather  '  of  a  guioea-fowl;'   which 

^drwr  Afitharcih«  in  Ath.  ix.  38.    It  is  bird  was  introduced  into  America,  from 

lopianutod  as  saying  "  Argyoa  prtmiim  the  slave  coast,  at  the  commencement  of 

asB»  trmmapmrtatm  aairiam ;  ante  ndhi  ntHwa  the  sixteenth  century,  A.D.  1508.    But 

mUmdPhaA  erat;'*  Mart  XIII.  Uxii.  turkeys  are  natives  only  of  America, 

PlolMiy  Sfifgeles  speaks  of  it,  and  were  first  imported  into  Europe  from 

Imuw,  as  a  great  delicacy ;  ^Sh  Mexico  or  Yucatan,  about  the  same 

wp  Iwfcn  w%SiH,  Sert  uai  mruHm'  period.    From  Spain  they  came  over  to 

iA  yha  I^Am  maivnXlf  k^tfrnlnmn'  England,  A.D.  1524.]  gaUina  Afrieana 

Alh.  sir.  08.    PInloxaiini  mentioos  it  as  sunt     grandu,    varia,    gibberx,    quas 

2o 


282  THE  SATIRES  sat-  xi. 

Novit  avis  noster  tirunculus  ac  rudis  omni 
Tempore  et  exiguse  furtis  imbutus  ofellae. 

145  Plebeios  calices  et  paucis  assibus  emtos 

Porriget  incultus  puer  atque  a  frigore  tutus : 
Non  Phryx  aut  Lycius,  non  a  mangone  petitus 
Quisquam  erit  et  magno.     Quum  posces,  posce  Latine. 
Idem  habitus  cunctis,  tonsi  rectique  capilli 

150  Atque  hodie  tantum  propter  convivia  pexi. 
Pastoris  duri  hie  est  filius,  ille  bubulci. 
Suspirat  longo  non  visam  tempore  matrem 
£t  casulam  et  notos  tristis  desiderat  haedos 
Ingenui  vultus  puer  ingenuique  pudoris, 

155  Quales  esse  decet,  quos  ardens  purpura  vestit ; 


fAtXtmy^iimf  appellant  Graci,    ha  novit'        148.  '  When  yott  want  him,  tpeak  in 

tima  in  triclinium  ganearium  introierunt  Latin,  for  be  knows  no  Greek.'  G. 

e  ctiUna,  propter  fastidium  hominum  vt-         149.  Habitut;    cf.  Luc.  x.  127  iqq. 

neunt  propter  penuriam  magno ;  Varr.  R.  Sen.  £p.  95.  Br.  V.  12.  R, 

R.  in.  ix.  18.   Mart.  XIIL  Ixxiii.  PR.        Tomi ;  cf.  Hor.  I  S.  v.  31. 1  Ep.  zffii. 

Hor.  Ep.  iL  63.   Petr.  65.  Col.  viii.  2.  7.  Tib.  J.  iv.  38.  vii.  16.  (HY.)  R. 

pr.  Snet.  Call.  22.  Plin.z.  26  s  38.  (/fil.)         Ne  quit,  eui  recti  or  ett  coma, 


Ath.  X.  24.  xiv.  p.  655.  R.  miseeatur ;  Sen.  95.  PR, 

144.  '  Initiated.'  £R,  CL  Cic.    Virg.  160.  Ut  omnet  praeincti  rectt  vrntri 
/£.  vii.  542.  (HY,)  R,  comtique  minittrent',  Hor.  II  S.  viii.69 

'  In  the  thefts  of,  now  and  then,  a  sq.  LU.  cf.  Ov.  M.  iv.  311.  (£f.)  R. 

small  cutlet.*  cf.  V.  85,  note.  A.    Among  }52.  Stupirare,  with   an   aGcntatife, 

those  who  adopt  the  reading  in  the  text  '  to  sigh  after.'  Tib.  I.  vi.  35.  (^BK,  BY.) 

are  HO.  and  OH^.  But  most  of  the  editors  Hor.  Ill  Od.  vii.  10.  {ML)  R.    It  is 

prefer/ri4sti«  ;  and  make  niMu«tfr«  '  to  impossible  to  read  these  lines  without 

take  off  neatly  by  the  carving  knife.'   In  being  impressed  with  the  roost  Civoiirable 

this  case  '  the  skill  of  the  lad  is  limited  to  opinion  of  the  writer.    They  are  fiiH  of 

the  helping  his  master  and  the  guests  sweetness  and  sensibilily,  qualities  wUck 

to  slices  of  a  small  steak.'  LU,  Col.  xii.  Gibbon  denied  to  our  author.  Theyooor 

Mart.  XIV.  ccxxi.  PR.  M.  and  G  ;  who  neatherd  (who  seems  to  be  bis  fiivoiinte^ 

is  indignant  at  the  imputation  of  theft  is  mentioned,  not  only  with  the  wamdi 

being  thrown  out  against  the  character  of  of  a  kind  master,  but  with  the  tendemtM 

the  young  rustic.    The  objection  to  the  of  an  affectionate  parent.  It  would  teem 

latter  reading,  on  account  of  fruttum  so  from  what  follows  (178  sqq.)  that  Javenal 

immediately  preceding,  is  of  little  weight :  had  superintended  their  educatioik.  OiM 

cf.  xiv.  70  sq.    Lucr.  ii.  1156.  1158.  of  the  boys  could  read  Homer :  the  othflr 

iEsch.  Pers.  255  sq.  &c.  knew  no  languge  but  hb  own.  G. 

145.  Cf.  V.  29-^8.  R.  Mart.  XIV.  154.  "  His  look  beUee  his  birth;  in- 
93 — 96.  PR,  K€nuous  grace  Beams  from  his  eye  tad 

147.  Mango  '  a  slave-merchant'  Pers.  flushes  in  his  £ioe."  G« 

vi.  76  sqq.  FA,  from  manu  and  ago,  be-  155.  '  Such  should  the  sons  of  noble 

cause  they  made  up  their  slaves  for  the  houses  be.'  SCH,  cf.  i.  78,  note.  M. 

market  by  various  tricks;    by  drugs.  Thus  Tyrio  ardebat  muriet  Utm^i 

amongst  others  ;   Plin.  xxi.  26.  PR,  x,  Virg.  M,  iv.  262.  VS.    '  Purple'  is  also 

50.  xxiv.  6.  XXX.  6.    colorem  fuco,  et  called  tgiua;  V.  Flac.  i.  427./«WMte; 

verum robur inani tagina mentitur ;  Quint.  Mart.  v. xz. 2. Stat. Ach. i. 297. eamdnu ; 

ii.  15.  cf.  V.  56,  notes.  /?.  Hor.  II  S.  vi.  102.  •ttrto  imctnta  auro  ; 


SAT.  XI.  OF  JUVENAL.  283 

Nee  pugillares  defert  in  balnea  raucus 
Testiculos  nee  vellendas  jam  praebuit  alas, 
Crassa  nee  opposito  pavidus  tegit  inguina  gutto. 
Hie  tibi  yina  dabit,  difiusa  in  montibus  illis, 

160  A  quibus  ipse  venit,  quorum  sub  vertice  lusit : 

Namque  una  atque  eadem  est  vini  patria  atque  ministri. 
FoTsitan  exspectes,  ut  Gaditana  canoro 
Incipiat  prurire  ehoro  plausuque  probatse 
Ad  terram  tremulo  descendant  clune  puellae, 

165  Irritamentum  Veneris  languentis  et  acres 
Divitis  urticse.     Major  tamen  ista  voluptas 
Alterius  sexus :  magis  ille  extenditur  et  mox 
Auribus  atque  oculis  concepta  urina  movetur. 
Non  capit  has  nugas  humilis  domus.     Audiat  ille 

170  Testarum  crepitus  cum  verbis,  nudum  olido  stans 

Stit.  Th.  z.  GO.    Tbe  same  metaphor  is  sir !  .  . .  All  is  prepared — ^the  table  and 

and  in  Greek.  R.  elarut  vestU  splendor  the  couch — With  dae  appurtenance  of 

fmipmwmt ;  Lncr.  ii.  51.  clothes   and   cushions.     Chaplets    and 

156.  *  Nor,  with  hoarse  voice,  does  dainties  of  all  kinds  abound  :  Here  rich 

kt  exhibit  in  the  baths  his  robust  man-  perfumes  are  seen — ^there  cakes  and  cates 

hood ;  nor  have  his  arms  been  rendered  Of  every  fashion,  cakes  of  honey,  cakes 

■Bootfi  by  an,  nor  does  he  timidly  hide  Of  sesamus,  and  cakes  of  uoffround  corn : 

Ida espoaed  person  by  the  interposition  of  What   more— a   troop   of  dancing 

tbe  oil-flask.' in.  263,  note.  women  fair.  And  minstrels  who  may 

159.  Dij^tm;  w,  30.  SCH,  vii.  121,  chaunt  us  sweet  Harmodius.    Haste,  sir. 

It.  I  beg  you,  to  the  banquet ;"  Aristopb. 

163.  The  Romans  were  arrived  at  Ach.  1050  sqq.  MIT. 

eb  a  pctefa  of  licentiousness  that  they  163.  Latcivui  chorus;    Tib.  II.  i. 

bad  at  neir  banquets  dancing  girls  from  88.  R. 

aO  nails  of  the  world.    Those  from  the  166.  Urtica ;  ii.  128.  LU. 

aaam  of  Spain  (z.  1.)  were  in  high  re-  167.  '  The  softer  sex   is   more  ez- 

(Ivse  dM  GadUmt  imftrobis  puelUe  citable  ;  and  soon  its  passion  stirs,  im- 

4  smtfim  jfrurienUt  Uueivos  doeili  bibed  by  ear  and  eye.'  Hor.  A.  P.  180 

ianiiAw;  Mart.  V.  IxxviiL  VS.)  sqq.  [Livy  xxvii,  51,  1.  ED.] 

Tbair  dance  te  neither  more  nor  less  than  169  StultUiam  patiuntur  opes ;    Hor. 

tba  teidango;  which  still  forms  the  de-  I  £p.  xviii.  29.  LU. 

Gfbt  of  all  tanks  in  Spain;  and  which,  170.  'The  clicking  of  castanets.*  ii 

tbowb  aomewhat  chastised  in  the  neigh*  r$tt  Ur^Anis  »^»wvwm.'   Arist.  R.  1301 

boanMod  of  tbe  capital,  exhibits  at  this  sq.    'i'bese  were  used  both  by  Spanish 

daj,  in  dia  lanoCo  provinces,  a  perfect  and  by  Indian  dancing  girls.  FA.  cf. 

€oaBtcrptit(actoraand  spectators)  of  the  Suet  Ner.  20.  GR.   edere   laseivot   ad 

too  Ikaa  not  nuthfnl  representation  before  Bcstiea  erutmata  gestw,  et  Gaditanis  lu- 

W*  G.   Id.  I.  zln.  12.  LU.  Ixii.  9.  III.  dere  doeta  rnodU  ;  Mart.  VI.  Ixxi.  1  sq. 

Iain.  5.    VI.  Ixxi.  1  sqq.  XIV.  cciii.  Ath.  v.  4.    AiitfUt  ^^*k  tt^tHuu  rttkf 

Stat  S.I.  vL  71.  Ath.  iv.  l.tf ftu)t;>u«^  Awr)  rJit   Xv^f    M&y^^vXtM   tuu    Ur^mnm 

€x  htduttria  mpra  naiwrttm  moUior  eanora  0vy»^wirrm$,  i^vtf^t  [s.  %C^v0ftM]  nx»* 

dmiemiine  $t  ialimlumu  luhrico,  exereeat  mm,  kwertXut  rut  0^;^«v/«iMi«*  Id,  xiv.  9. 

UltettrU;  Macr.  it  1.  cf.  Xiv.  xxxix.  6.  (CAS.  SW.)  R.    The  testa  were  small 

OdL  JDX.  9.  JR.  PR,    The  fashion  was  oblong  pieces  of  polished  wood  or  bone, 

~  from  tba  Greeks :  "  To  supper,  which  the  dancers  held  between  their  fin- 


284  THE  SATIRES  sat.  xi. 

Fornice  mancipium  quibus  abstinet;  ille  finiatur 
Vocibus  obscoenis  omnique  libidinis  arte, 
Qni  Lacedaemonium  pytismate  lubricat  orbem : 
Namque  ibi  Fortunse  veniam  damas.    Alea  tnips^ 
175  Turpe  et  adulterium  mediocribos*    Hec  eadem  illi 
Omnia  quum  faciant,  hilares  nitidique  vocantor.     •    - 
/  Nostra  dabunt  alios  hodie  conviva  ludos :     C^KvumM. 

LiP%  JUAi^  Conditur.Iliados  cantabitur  atque  Maronis 

Altisoni  dubiam  £EU^ientia  carmina  palxnam. 
180  Quid  refert,  tales  versus  qua  voce  legantur? 
Sed  nunc  dilatis  averte  negotia  curis 
Et  gratam  requiem  dona  tibi,  quando  licebit 
Per  totam  cessare  diem :  non  feneris  ulla 

gen,  and  clashed  in  measure,  with  in-        174.  "  For  there  the  world  a  lajige 

GonctiTable  agility  and   address.    The  allowance  make  And  spare  the  follj  for 

Spaniards  of  the  present  day  are  very  the  fortune's  sake.    Gaming,  adnlteiy, 

curious  in  the  choice  of  their  castanets ;  with  a  small  estate  Are  damning  cnmes, 

some  cost  twenty- five  or  thirty  dollars  a  but  venial  with  a  great ;  Nay  more  thtn 

pair;  these  are  made  of  the  beautifully  venial;  witty,  gallant,  brave.  And  anch 

variegated  woods  of  South  America.  G.  wild  tricks '  as  gentlemen  should  hava  I'  '* 

'  Words,  which   the   half-clad  slave  Thus, "  In  lonls  a  wUdness  is  a  noble 

that  stands  for  hire  in  the  foul  brothel  trick  And  cherish'd  in  them,  and  all  mm. 

would  not  use.'  M.  must  love  it ;"  Beaum.  and  Fl.  Maid  in 

173.  Few  passages  have  perplexed  the  the  Mill.  *<  So  please  your  majesty,  mj 

commentators  more  than  this,  and  many  master  hath  been  an  honoureble  gaitW> 

alterations  of  the  text  have  been  proposed,  man  ;  tricks  he  hath  had  in  him,  wUdi 

The  most  simple  interpretation  perhaps  is  gentlemen  have!"   Shakra.  AU'a  Well 

that  of  F5.  <  Who  lubricates  the  pave-  that  Ends  Well.  V.  iii.    The  late  Lofd 

ment  inlaid  with   Laconian  marble  by  Orford  seems  to  have  been  aomewhat  of 

spirting  from  bis  lips  tlie  wines  he  tastes.'  the  same  way  of  thinking :  of  the  Doke 

/£.  SA,  cf.  Hor.  II  Od.  xiv.  25  sqq.  M.  of  Wharton  he  says,  he  «  coofbrled  all 

The  green  marble  of  TsBnarus  was  much  the  grave  and  dull  by  throwing  away  the 

esteemed,  cf.  Plin.  H.  N.  xxxvi.  7  «  11.  brightest  profusion  of  parts  on  witty  SdoI* 

(HA,)  Prop.  III.  ii.  9.  Tib.  III.  iii.  14.  eries,  delMiucheries,  and  scrapta;  wfaidi 

(BK.)    ttavit    et    {HeUogabalut)    iaxii  may  mix  graces  with  a  great  cbaiader, 

Laeedaemoniit  ae  porphyreticU  pla^  but  never  can  compose  one!"  See  viii. 

teas  in  paiatio,  quas  Antetiinianat  voeavit;  181  sq.  note.  G. 
Lampr.  24.     Oval  pieces  of  various  co-         177.  Note  on  vi.  434.  Soet  Avg.  74. 

loured  marbles,  ovatajigura,  Plin.  xxxv.  ER.  aini  CI.  Cic  aenama,  IL  Of  At- 

1.  orbet.  Sen.  87.  were  often  inlaid  in  ticus,  C.  Nepos  says,  Nino  m  cmmaeis 

the  pavements  of  their  banqueting  rooms,  ^ut  aliud  acroama  audivit,  qumm  cae- 

R*  gnatten :  quod  not  quidem  juamdimmMm 

In  eonviviu,  quod  poeulU  et  pytit-  arbiiramur,  negus    umquam   amo  aUqmm 

ma  tit  e^unditur,  timul  atque  eadit,  tiC'  Uctione  optwi  eum  ecaatum  Mt,  ui  mam 

eeteit  -,  \  itr.  vii.  4.  unam  ei  eamam  atque  minus  animo  quam  vetitre  wsisu  itim 

ejus  eomitibus  dedi :  quod  st  iterum  mtibi  tarentur,  G, 

tit  danda,  actum  siet,  nam  vt  alia  omit'         178.  Homer  shall  be  read  aloud.  cC 

tam,  pytissando  modo  mihi  quid  vini  vii.  163.  M. 
absumsitl  sic  hoe,  dicens;  asperum,  pater,         179.  Note  on  vi.  436.  M, 
hoe  etl :  aliud  leniui  todes  vide,  relevi  dolia        181.  Thus  Horace  addresses  Mmcenaa  ; 

omnia,  omnet  terias ;  Ter.  Heaut.  III.  i.  mitte  eivilet  niasr  urbe  curat ;   III  Od. 

46  sqq.  R.  cf.  xiii.  214.  viii.  17.  LU. 


SAT.  XI.  OF  JUVENAL.  285 

Mentio  nee,  prima  si  luoe  egrossa,  reyerti 
186  Nocte  solety  tacito  bilem  tibi  contrahat  uxor, 
Humida  suspectis  referens  multicia  rugis 
Vexatasque  comas  et  vultum  auremque  calentem. 
Protenus  ante  meum,  quidquid  dolet,  exue  limen : 
Pone  domum  et  servos  et  quidquid  frangitur  illis 
190  Aut  pent:  ingratos  ante  omnia  pone  sodales. 
Interea  Megalesiacse  spectacula  mappae 
Ideum  solenne  colunt  similisque  triumpho 
Prseda  caballorum  Praetor  sedet  ac,  mihi  pace 
Immensae  nimiaeque  licet  si  dicere  plebis, 
195  Totam  hodie  Romam  circus  capit  et  fragor  aurem 
Percutity  eventum  viridis  quo  coUigo  panni. 

IS4b  The  want  of  delicacy  in  thii  expenses  of  the  games.'  i.  59  sq.  notes. 

allnsMn  betrra  the  general  depravity  of  Tac  An.  i.  15.  {LI.)   Claud.  Fesc.  1 1. 

thoee  times.  R.  (H.)  GRO.    Compare  Axx'  «6  i^mfuu 

ISe.  MmUieia;  iL  66,  note.  LU.  iiiXmn  iHuy,  UmtifUfH  ^«^  rUt  Uir^^ 

167.  Cf.  Suet.  Ang.  39.  CaL  36.  LU.  m)  r«f  firvnr  m)  rm  x^tSh-  Arist.  N. 

K«r.  38.  GR.  12  sq.  and  the  whole  of  that  opening 

188.  '  Difestyonrselfof;'  M,  cf.  Sil.  scene. 

i.  38.  TiL  496.  Gland.  Cons.  Hon.  iii.  Pae§ «  without  offence.'  PR, 

157.  A.  "  Your  eye  in  Scotland  Would  195.  Note  on  iii.  223.  R.  The  passion 

onte  eoldiera,  make  our  women  fight  of  the  Romans  for  the  games  of  the 

T«  doff  their  dire  distresses;"  Shaiup.  Circus  cootiaued  in  after  times.    The 

Macbeth,  IV.  iii.  following  vivid  and  accurate  picture  is 

189.  '  Bannh  from  your  thoughts.'  drawn  after  Amm.  Marc.  xiv.  6.  "  The 
191.  *  Yoa  may  just  as  well  make  it  impatient  crowd  rushed  at  the  dawn  of 

a  hdiday:  all  the  world  is  at  the  Circus:  day  to  secure  their  places;  and  there 

yo«  would  find  no  one  with  whom  to  were  many  who  passed  a  sleepless  and 

tmwaet  basinets  of  any  kind.'  PR*  anxious  night  in  the  adjoining  porticos. 

BUgainmc^ :  cf^  vi.  69,  note.  PR,  From  the  morning  to  the  evening,  care- 
Nero,  being  told  while  he  less  of  the  sun  or  of  the  rain,  the  spec- 
at  table,  how  anxiously  the  people  tators,  who  sometimes  amounted  to  the 
•apectittg  his  arrival  as  the  signal  number  of  100,000,  remained  in  eager 
§m  the  commencement  of  the  games,  bad  attention,  their  eves  fixed  on  the  chariot- 
^  napkin,  with  which  he  had  wiped  his  eers,  tbeir  minds  agitated  with  hope  and 
hands,  tfafown  out  of  window,  to  give  fear,  for  the  success  of  the  colour  which 
BOtiee  that  be  bad  dined,  and  would  soon  they  favoured :  and  the  happiness  of  Rome 
be  at  the  Circus.  Ever  since  which,  the  appeared  to  hang  on  the  event  of  a  race ;" 
haaipaig  oot  of  a  napkin  from  the  prsBtor's  Gibbon.  G. 

hove  wat  the  signal  for  the  commence-  '  A  burst  of  applause.'  Quint,  viii.  3 

aent  of  thegamet.  Caanod. iii.  51.  CAL,  pr.  Sen.  de Tr.  An.  2.  {LL)  Sil.  iii.  694. 

SmH.  Ner.  22.  Mart  XII.  xxiz.  PR.  iv.  7.  V.  Klac.  i.  743.  ii.  91.  v.  273. 

Tert.  it  Sp.  16.  r.  ManU.  ii.  189.  {JS.)  Ov.  F.iii.  741.  Quint.  Decl.  301.  (BIT.) 

Qaint.  Inst.  O.  I.  v.  67.  (SPA.)  R.  R. 

192. '  Of  Ida.'e&  Virg.  i£.  ix.SOsqq.  196.  Eventum  *  the  success'  *  the  vie 

617  sqq.  iUY.)  R.  tory.'  VS. 

Trhmpho  i.  t.  frtampAantt:  x.  36  sqq.  Viridu  panni;  cf.  vi.  590,  note,  tm'nn* 

IAJ»  tot  miUia  virorum  tarn  puerility  idemtidem 

193.  Prmdm  i.  c '  eaten  up,  as  it  were,  euperg  eurrentu  equos,  imUtentet  eurribut 

by  hersii/' falling  a  victim  to  the  miaous  htmhus  vidtre.    H  tamm  aut  tftioeitaf 


286 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  XI. 


Nam  si  deficeret,  mcestam  attonitamque  videres 
Hanc  urbem,  veluti  Cannarum  in  pulvere  victis 
C!onsulibus.     Spectent  juvenes,  quos  clamor  et  audax 

200  Sponsioy  quos  cultse  decet  adsedisse  puellas ; 
f  Spectent  hoc  nuptae  juxta  recubante  marito^f 
f  Quod  pudeat  narrasse  aliquem  prsesentibus  ipei&f 
Nostra  bibat  vemum  contracta  cuticula  solem 
Efiu^atque  togam.    Jam  nunc  in  balnea,  salva 

205  Fronte,  Ucet  vadas,  quamquam  solida  hora  supersit 


equorum  out  hominum  arte  traherentur, 
eu€t  ratio  nonnuUa,  at  nunc  favent  pantw, 
pannum  amant ;  et  ft  in  ipw  curtu  medio- 
gutf  certamine  hie  color  iUuc,  Hie  hue 
transferaturf  ttudium  favorque  tranribit, 
et  repente,  agitatorei  iltos,  equo*  illot,  quo$ 
procul  noicitant,  quorum  elamUant  nomina, 
relinquent :  tanta  gratia,  tanta  auctorUat 
in  una  vilissima  tunica ;  Plio.  £p.  ix.  6. 
tiveneto  pratino-ve  faves,  qui  eoe- 
eina  nimit,  ne  fiat  ista transfuga  torte, 
vide ;  Mart.  XIV.  czxzi.  mieant  coloret, 
albut,  velvenetui,virent,rubeui- 
qu§  ....  hortanturque  obiter,  juwmtque 
blandis  uUro  plausibu$ ....  dictant  qua- 

drupedantibus  furorem impellunt, 

trepidant,  trahunt,  repugnant,  ardescunt, 
stdiunt,  timent,  timentur ;  Sidoo.  Ap. 
xxiii.  PR,  cf.  SueU  Cal.  55.  Ner.  22.  R. 
Dio  Ixzvii  4.  G. 

197.  '  If  it  were  to  fail.'  VS.  Cassiod. 
£p.  iii.  51.  Priscian,  viii.  R. 

198.  '  On  Canns's  dusty  field.'  ii. 
155.  PR,  vetitus,  quern  Vultumum  ineoUi 
regionis  vacant,  adversus  Romania  coortut, 
muUo  pulverein  ipsa  ora  volvendo,  prof- 
pectum  ademit ;  Liv.  xxii.  46.  FA.  and 
43.  Sil.  ix.  491  sqq.  A. 

199.  '  The  coniuliT  were  iEmiliufl 
Paulas  and  Terentius  Varro.  VS. 

200.  "  Betting,  "queerit,  posito  pig- 
nore,  vincat  uter  ;  Ov,  A.  A.  i.  168.  T. 
Tert.  de  Sp.  16.  R. 

We  often  find  infinitives  subjoined  in 
this  manner  to  one  or  more  nouns,  espe- 
cially in  Greek  :  me  necfemina,  nee  puer, 
nee  tpes,  nee  eertare  juvat,  nee  vincire ; 
Hor.IV  Od.i.29  sqq.  R,  Id.  I  Od.  i. 
19  sq.  ii.  49  sq.  Virg.  JE,  ix.  775  sq.  (in 
G.  i.  25  sq.  the  verb  precedes ;)  Horn. 
II.  K  174.  Her.  i.  54.  Xen.  An.  I. 
ii.  27. 

202.  It  was  almost  impossible  to  fre> 
quent  the  Circus  without  witnessing  scenes 


of  profligacy  unfit  for  the  eyea  or  ears  of 
any  modest  woman.  Ov.  A.  A.  i.  135— 
170.  Tr.  il  280  sqq.  Hence  the  fatlien 
of  the  church  denounced  its  liccntioiiaiiett 
in  strong  terms.  HN, 

203.  He  alludes  to  that  s  u  n  n i  ng  of 
themselves,  of  which  old  men  we  to 
fond.  Pers.  iv.  18.  LU.  ib.  33.  ▼•  179. 
(K.)totoiamdaeute  eombibe  solet; 
Mart.  X.  xu.  Plin.  H.  N.  zxi.  14.  Ep. 
iii.  1.  jR. 

204.  *  And  escape  from  the  ceremoi^ 
and  drudgery  of  the  gown.'  LU.  cf.  iii. 
127.  172.  notes.  PR,  Martial,  who  had 
withdrawn  into  Spain  soon  after  the  ac- 
cession of  Trajan,  addresses  from  his 
retirement  a  little  poem  to  bis  friend, 
which  sets  the  misery  of  this  attendance 
in  a  very  strong  light :  dum  tu  Jbnitam 
inquietia  emu  elamoia,  Juvenaiie,  m 
Subura  aut  coUem  dominee  teris  Diamet : 
dum  per  limina  te  potentierum  tudatrix 
toga  ventilat  vagumque  major  CesUut  ct 
minor  fatigant ;  XII.  xviiu  When  we 
recollect  our  poet's  strong  sense  of  inde* 
pendence,  we  are  surprised  that  he  too 
did  not  retire  f^m  this  state  of  slavery  ; 
especially  as  he  had  property  at  Tiber, 
and,  probably,  at  Arpmum.  He  doubt- 
less sacrificed  much  to  the  mental  plea- 
sures, which  could  be  found  in  perfectioii 
only  in  the  capital ;  and  indeed  a  mind 
like  his,  inquisitive,  vigorous,  and  pro- 
foundly reflective,  does  not  appear  alto- 
gether suited  to  retirement.  1  may  mis- 
take, but  I  sometimes  think  I  discover 
striking  traits  of  similarity  between  our 
author  and  Dr.  Johnson.  G. 

205.  The  forehead  is  the  seat  of  shame. 
Pers.  V.  104.  R,  The  eyes  were  con- 
sidered so  by  the  Greeks,  cf.  note  oa 
tfAfiM^r  Her.  i.  37. 

Persicus,  being  an  old  man,  was  allowed 
(by  way  of  indulgence)  to  take  a  bath  at 


SAT.  XI.  OF  JUVENAL.  287 

Ad  sextam.     Facere  hoc  non  possis  quinque  diebus 
Continuis,  quia  sunt  talis  quoque  tsedia  vitse 
Magna.    Voluptates  commendat  rarior  usus. 

eleven  in  the  forenoon,  three  hours  before  triomph  die ; — the   sweetest  honey  Is 

the  usnml  time  ;  G.  i.  49,  note ;  Pen.  loatheome  in  his  own  deliciousness  And, 

iiL  4.  PR*  and  then  to  come  and  take  an  in  the  taste,  confounds  the  appetite ;" 

early  dinner,  which  might  be  done  with  Rom.  and  Jul.  II.  vi.  G.    Compare  also 

propriety  on  holidayt.  Lu.  yI.  418  sqq.  the  speeph  of  the  Player-King  in  Hamlet ; 

notea.  Tac.  An.  xiv.  2.  (LJ.)  R.  iv.  108,  III.  iL 

note.  208.  According  to  the  saying  of  Chile, 

207.  Tgtdim:  because  onnihif  in  rcfrui  ftti^f  iymr     (.Ajist.  Rh.   II.  xiv.  2.) 

vduptatibuM  maxmit  Jlmtimum  tU  fatti-'  rara  juvant ;  Mart  IV.   xxiz.  whence 

dium  ;  Cic.  d$  Or.  ii.  PR.     Shakspeare  the  Latin  adage  omnt  rarumearum,  viUteit 

has  admirably  expreswd  the  like  senti-  quotidianum:  LU,  «t  quidem  omnia  yra- 

ment:  "  If  ail  the  year  were  playing  holi-  elara   rara;    Cic.  Lsel.  PR,  ntiUa  ett 

days.  To  sport  would  be  as  tedious  as  to  volupUu  qtia  non  adsiduUate  tuifaitiditun 

work;  But  when  they  seldom  come,  they  pariat;   Plin.  xii.  17.    ro  yk^  4)v,  Uv 

wish'd-fer  come ;"   K.  H.  iw,  pt.  ii.  A.  ir«Xv,   §S  ri  yt  Hiv.  cf.   Sen.  ^  V.  B. 

L  ic  ii.  M.  and  again,  "  These  violent  7.  Macr.  S.  vii.  7.  Cic.  de  Or.  iii.  25. 

de]%;hta  have  violent  ends^And  in  their  R, 


SATIRE    XIL 


ARGUMENT. 

This  is  the  shortest  of  Jurenal's  pieces ;  yet  it  is  by  no  means  wanting  in 
good  passages,  some  of  much  moral  force ;  and  many  of  a  pathetic  and 
affectionate  tendency. 

Catullus,  for  whom  he  had  concaved  a  friendship  of  the  liveliest  kind,  had 
narrowly  escaped  shipwreck ;  and  the  Poet,  whose  joy  knows  no  bound 
on  the  occasion,  (a  proof  of  his  not  being  deficient  in  the  "  social  affec- 
tions,") addresses  an  exulting  letter  to  their  common  friend,  Corrinus ; 
in  which,  after  acquunting  him  that  he  was  then  about  to  sacrifice  the 
victims  he  had  rowed  for  the  safety  of  Catullus,  i — 16.  he  describes  his 
danger  and  escape.  1 7 — 82. 

He  then  giVes  a  most  beautiful  and  animated  picture  of  the  private  part  of 
the  solemnity,  and  of  the  various  marks  of  gratulation  which  his  house 
exhibits.  83—92.  So  far  we  see  nothing  but  the  pious  and  grateful 
friend. 

The  Satirist  now  takes  his  turn  most  adroitly  and  unexpectedly :  he  re- 
collects that  sacrifices  are  vowed  by  others,  for  the  preservation  of  their 
acquaintance ;  this  leads  him  to  speak  with  manly  confidence  of  his  own 
disinterestedness,  which  he  considers  as  almost  unique;  and  which  he 
opposes,  with  equal  spirit  and  success,  to  the  base  and  designing  pro- 
mises of  the  legacy  hunters,  by  whom  the  sick-beds  of  the  rich  and 
childless  were  constantly  surrounded;  93 — 127.  and  he  concludes  with 
an  appropriate  malediction  on  such  heartiess  and  selfish  wretches. 
128—130.  G.  B. 

With  the  former  part  of  this  Satire  may  be  compared  Horace  I,  Odezxxvii 
n,  Ode  vii ;  III,  Ode  xiv ;  and  Catullus,  ix.  With  the  latter  part, 
Lucian  Dialogues  of  the  Dead,  v — ^x.  and  Horace  H,  Satire  v.  Of 
Juvenal's  two  friends  we  know  nothing.  R, 


«A-r.  XII.       THE  SATIRES  OF  JUVENAL.  289 


Natali,  G>rvine,  die  mihi  dulcior  haec  lux, 
Qua  festus  promissa  Deis  animalia  cespes 
Exspectat     Niveam  Reginae  ducimus  agnam : 
Par  vellus  dabitur  pugnanti  Gorgone  Maura. 

5  Sed  procul  extensum  petulans  quatit  hostia  funem, 
Tarpeio  servata  Jovi,  frontemque  coruscat : 
Quippe  ferox  vitulus,  templis  maturus  et  arse 
Spargendusque  mero,  quem  jam  pudet  ubera  matris 
Ducere,  qui  vexat  nascenti  robora  comu. 

10  Si  res  ampla  domi  similisque  affectibus  esset, 
Pinguior  Hispulla  traheretur  taurus  et  ipsa 
Mole  piger  nee  finitima  nutritus  in  herba, 
Laeta  sed  ostendens  Clitumni  pascua  sanguis 

1.  '  N«Ul  day.'  cf.  Pert.  ri.  19.  PR*  reluetata  ottendiuetqittt  $e  invitum  altari- 
li.  84.  Hor.  IV  Od.  xi.  1 — ^20.  Virg.  E.  but  admoveri,  atnotwetur,  quia  invito  deo 
m,  76.  Af.  ojfirri  earn  piitabant ;  Macr.  iii.  5.  PR, 

2.  <  Fcfital ;'  Virg.  M..  ii.  249.  R.  cf.  Hor.  Ill  Od.  xiii. 3  sqq.  IV. ii.  54  sqq. 

•  The  altar  of  turf*  cf.  Hor.  Ill  Od.    (J^^)  R. 

fiii.  2-^.  M.  6.  Cf.  vi.  47.  note.  LU.  The  Tarpeian 

3.  '  To  Juno,*  VS.  att  ego,  qua  divAm  rock  was  so  called  from  Tarpeia.  M, 
UMrf*  regina;  Yirg,  JE.  l  46.  PR,  cf.  See  AN,  Sil.  z.  432  sqq.  (DR.)  Hor.  I 
Lav.  V.  22.  xzziz.  3.  R.  Od.  xii.  19  sq.  R. 

*  White*  victims  were  offered  to  the  '  Brandishes.' F5.  Or.  M.iv.  493.  <H.) 
celaslUls,  uid  black   to  the  infernal    Theoc.  iii.  5.  Lucr.  ii.  320.  (W,)  R, 

Hor.  I  S.  via.  27.  Virg.  M,  iv.        7.  Cf.  Macr.  iii.  1—10.  PR,  vui.  169. 


61.  M.  R. 

Dttetn;  112.  x.  65.  Ov.  M.  zv.  114.  Templit  §1  ar^,  by  the  figure  ben- 

(^H,)  tnktn;    11.  R.   ductut  coi-nu  diadis.  5Ci/. 

staKi  Wens  «d  Oram;  Virg.  G.  ii.  8.  Virg.  M.  iv.  60  sq.  LU.  Id.  vi. 


244.   PR,    Hence  the   Greek  epigram 

4.  *  BiiMnra/  VS,  when  she  went  into  »ilf  /u  fdytft  M  ^H^r  l/Uit  In  ttm^r^- 

battle, wasanned with  thoiEgis ;  whereon  f^^trm  Jwwn  Wtwwuwm  r«).  r^my,  imfti^f 

was  Modim's  head,  which  petrified  all  Anth.  i.  Af.  fundit  pu  rum  inur  cornuu 

who  loofced  opon  it.  cf.  Ath.  v.  20.  LU,  vinum;  Ov.  M.  vii.  584.  R. 

Hon.  II.  B.  PR.  Virg.  iE.  viii.  435—  Jdatn  relieta  ;  Hor.  IV  Od.  ii.  54.  R. 

438.  If.  9.  Cf.  Virg.  G.  iii.  232  sq.  VS.  E,  iii. 

Tho  Goigoos  were  the  three  daughters  86  sq.  PR. 

of  Pboreus  and  Ceto,  Medusa»  Euryale,  10.  Cf.  Hor.  II  Od.  zvii.  30  sqq.  111. 

mud  Sthenooe.    They  dwelt  in  Africa  xziii.  9—20.  IV.  ii.  53  sqq.  R. 

naar  the  confines  of  Mauritania.  LU,  11.  HispuUa;  vi.  74.  L(7. 

Mcdvsa  alone  was  mortal,  and  was  slain  12.  Cf.  Hor.  Ill  Od.  zziii.  11.  R. 

bj  Peiaeus.  PR.  cf.  Apoll.  II.  iv.  2  sq.  13.  The  waters  of  Clitumnus,  a  river 

aod  Viig.  JE.  ii.  616.  viii.  435.  (HY.)  of  Umbria  on  the  confines  of  Tuscany, 

Has.  Theog.  R.  (now  '  the  Timia/)  were  supposed  to 

6.  Victims  were  led  to  the  altar  by  make  the  cattle  which  drank  of  them, 

long  and  loose  cords,  that  they  might  not  white.    Hence  the  altars  of  Jupiter  were 

appear  to  be  dragged  reluctantly,  which  usually  supplied  with  victims  from  its 

would  have  been  an  ill  omen.  AS,  ob-  banks.  Piin.  ii.  7.  103.  RU.  Virg.  G.  ii. 

•crastHM  crt  a  merifieantilni$,  ut,  ii  hoUiat  146  sqq.  Claud,  vi  Cons.  Hon#  506  sq. 

fU4t  md  arm  duetrttur./uiuei  vehementiut  PR.  Prop.  II.  xix.  25  sq.  Vib.  Seq.  p. 

2  p 


290  THE  SATIRES  sat.  xim 

Iret  et  a  grandi  cervix  ferienda  ministro 

15  Ob  reditum  trepidantis  adhuc  horrendaque  pass! 
Nuper  et  incolumem  sese  mirantis  amiei. 
Nam  prseter  pelagi  casus  et  fulguris  ictum 
Evasi  densse  coelum  abscondere  tenebrse 
Nube  una  subitusque  antennas  impulit  ignis, 

20  Quum  se  quisque  illo  percussum  crederet  et  niox 
Attonitus  nullum  conferri  posse  putaret 
Naufragium  velis  ardentibus.     Omnia  fiunt 
Talia,  tam  graviter,  si  quando  poetica  surgit 
Tempestas.     Genus  ecce  aliud  discriminis :  audi 

25  Et  miserere  iterum,  quamquam  sint  cetera  sortis 
Ejusdem :  pars  dira  quidem  sed  cognita  multis 
Et  quam  votiva  testantur  fana  tabella 
Plurima.     Pictores  quis  nescit  ab  Iside  pasci  ? 
Accidit  et  nostro  similis  fortuna  Catullo. 

30  Quum  plenus  fluctu  medius  foret  alveus  et  jam, 

101  sqq.  (OB.)    Plin.  £p.  Yiii.   8.  R,  24.  Stat.  Th.  xii.  349.  (B.)  i?. 

This  letter  is  a  perfect  model  of  simpli-  27.  Persons  in  peril  of  sliipwreck  oftn 

city,  elegance,  and  taste.  G.  vowed  to  some  deity  a  painting  of  their 

14.  Iret  *  should  flow.*  SCH,  dangers  and  escape,  in  case  they  got  afe 
<  The  minister'  was  called  -papa,  RU.  to  land.   VS,  LU.  cf.  Pers.  i.  &,  PR, 

of.  Pers.  vi.  74.  R.  Hor.  I  Od.  v./n.  A! .  xir.  302. 

15.  Horret  adhue  animus  manifestaque  28.  The  hatred,  which  onr  aodMir 
gaudia  differt,  dum  itupet  et  tanto  cuneta'  bears  to  this  exotic  deity,  breaks  out  OQ 
fur  erf </ereu>(o;  Claud,  (ftf  B.G.  8  sq.  G.  all  occasions.    It  is  singular,  that  an 

18.  Cf.  Acts  zxvii.  20.  M.  Egyptian  godde&s  whose  genuine  wor- 

19.  *  The  electric  fluid,*  ignis  Helen€B,  shippers  at  home  held  the  sea  and  every 
or,  as  the  French  call  it,  le  feu  Saint*  thing  connected  with  it  in  abhonenoe, 
Elme.  cf.  Plin.  ii.  37.  (HA.)  Stat.  Th.  should  be  fixed  upon  at  Rome  for  the 
vii.  792  sqq.  (B.)  R.  See  Ariel's  second  tutelar  power  of  that  element.  In  oon- 
speech  in  SnaKsp.  Temp.  secrating  votive  tablets  to  Neptone,  there 

21.  Attoniti  are  those  qui  vivi  stupent  was  some  propriety:  but  Isis  not  only 
et  in  totum  sibi  excidunt ;  Sen.  N.  Q.  ii.  trenched  upon  his  prerogative  but  on 
27.  R.  those  of  Apollo,  iEsculapius,  &c.  CaL  L 

22.  For  in  case  of  shipwreck  many  3  sq.  The  unbounded  attachment  of  the 
might  get  safe  to  land.  cf.  Acts  xxvii.  44.  women  to  her,  seems  to  have  finaUj 
M.  seduced  the  men  ;  and  this  strange  divi- 

23.  Poetica;  for  instance,  Hom.  Od.  nity  (whose  temples  were  little  better 
E.  Vir^.  if),  i.  and  iii.  Ov.  M.  xi.  PR.  than  marts  of  debauchery)  was  snflferod 
itneu  yof  rirt  (•  euyypm^tvf)  ^»inrt»»u  to  usurp  by  rapid  degrees,  the  attriholen 
rnfit  ivi/ABu  lr«t/^i«ir«fr«f  rk  inarm  of  almost  every  other  grid.  We  iMm 
».  r.  X.  Luc.  de  Hist.  Scr.  t.  iii.  p.  405.  from  Propertius  that  the  temples  were 
xni  i7  ri  n  iLxx§  »i  Ift^fivrnrM  ^tnrni  profaned  with  pictures  of  a  much  worte 
xaXwft.  »•}  ffuiXtrra  truf  m^§(ii^i  «*#•#  character.  G.  cf.  vi.  489.  LU,  Hor. 
r«  fiir^M.  iv^rm.  ya^  r«tf«-«  Xn^t  Sin  A.  P.  19  sqq.  PA.  Her  grand  lentt 
imnvi^nu  ««)  »«•>•;  vramrtnis  »Tt;^f£g,  at  Rome  was  called  Lidis  navigium ; 
llu  T»u' 9-MTdy4»  rSf  MfUrttf'  MTimon.  Lact.  Inst.  i.  11.  Apul.  M.  xi.  p.  367. 
pr.  cf.  Eund,  Jov.  Trag.  6.  R,  R, 


•  XII.  OF  JUVENAL.  291 

Altemura  puppis  latus  evertentibus  undis 
Arboris  incertae,  nullam  prudentia  cani 
Rectoris  conferret  opem ;  decidere  jactu 
Coepit  cum  ventis,  imitatus  castora,  qui  se 
35  Eunuchum  ipse  facit,  cupiens  evadere  damno 
Testiculi :  adeo  medicatum  intelligit  inguen. 
"  Fundite,  quae  mea  sunt,"  dicebat,  «  cuncta,"  Catullus, 
Praecipitare  volens  etiam  pulcerrima,  vestem 
Purpuream,  teneris  quoque  Msecenatibus  aptam, 
40  Atque  alias,  quarum  generosi  graminis  ipsum 
Infecit  natura  pecus,  sed  et  egregius  fons 
Viribus  occultis  et  Baeticus  adjuvat  aer. 
Ule  nee  argentum  dubitabat  mittere,  lances 

31.  Puppii  here  means '  the  stern*  or    A  avr§v  umi  rSf  XM^Ht  i^rat^ts  •!  tovf 
a  ft  part  of  the  ship,  4  r^ir^vj^ :  as  medius    Ix^trtr  Arist.  Eth.  iii.  1 . 

dctut  is  fti^  »«»f  '  the  midship;'  both  39.  Mtecenatibut ;  i.  66.  LU» 

are  distiogiiished  from  r^*;*  '  the  fore  40.  There  is  not,  perhaps,  much  more 

ship;'    note  on  Her.  i.   1.    anchora  de  foundation  for  this  fact,  than  for  that 

prorm  jacituT'y  Uaut  litare  pnppes;  mentioned  in  v.  34.  the  belief  of  it,  how- 

Virg.  JE,  iti.  277.    4  fth  «'f^'>  l^Um^m  ever,  was  very  general ;   and  this  is  siif- 

1fu$H9  J^dKittTH*  4  Tt  r^vfcNi  Ikvtro  ivi  ficient  for  the  poet.     Martial  frequently 

rSf  fitm4  rS9  Mwfuiran'  Acts  xxvii.  41.  speaks  of  this  singular  property  of  the  air 

32.  Aiboru  *of  the  ship;'  Ov.  Her.  and  water  of  Baetica  (Andalusia)  in 
xn.  8. 12.  Thus  (vX«  is  put  for  nfif ,  note  staining  the  fleeces  of  the  sheep  kept 
on  Her.  vm.  100.  and  '  a  ship'  is  called  there,  with  a  bright  yellow  or  golden  hue  : 
HfinhJiXu^  Find.  P.  iv.  47.  68.  mean-  and  Virgil,  long  before  him,  had  men« 
tag  *  a  tree  stripped  of  its  bark  ;*  whence  tioned  this  faculty  of  communicating 
)^  abo  means '  a  spear.'  colours  to  the  **  flocks  at  feed."  as  one  of 

ImUmbilU ;  Virg.  G.  iv.  195.  B,  the  blessings  of  that  golden  period,  which 

33.  '  To  compotmd.*  Job  ii.  4.  Af.  was  to  commence  with  the  arrival  of 
'  to  settle  the  afiair  in  dispute.'  LU.  young  Pollio  at  man's  estate,  {ipse  sed  in 

34.  This  anecdote  of  '  the  beaver'  is  pratis  aries  jam  suave  riJjenti  murice  jam 
aMcrted ;  Plin.  viiL  30  s  47.  zxxviL  6.  croceo  mutabit  vellera  luto ;  sponte  sua 
iHAJ)  Sol.  23.  but  denied  on  competent  sandyx  pascentes  vettiet  agnos ;  £.  iv.  43 
anthonty ;  Plin.  zxxii.  3  »  iS,  LU,  cf.  sqq.  PR.)  The  truth  of  this  was  not 
Sil.  zv«  484  sqq.  Arist.  H.  A.  vii.  5.  i£l.  ascertained,  because  the  youth,  whoever 
H.  A.  Ti.  33  sq.  Diosc.ii.  23.  26.  (Pliny  he  was,  died  too  soon  ;  but  as  nature  is 
i^atca  a  similar  story  of  the  elephant  s  invariable,  metbinks  the  wool  of  Anda- 
teath  ;  Yiii.  3  i  4.)  R,  Pers.  v.  135.  PR.  lusia  should  be  as  rich  in  native  grain 
Th«  sdndoos  matter,  called  in  pharmacy  now,  as  heretofore :  perhaps  it  is  so :  the 
castormsi,  is  secreted  by  two  glands  near  Spanish  shepherds,  however,  do  not  trust 
the  root  of  the  tail.  Brown's  Vulg.  Err.  to  this  :  they  stain  the  fleeces  of  their 
m.  4.  M.  This,  though  an  idle  fable,  sheep  at  present  with  a  kind  of  ochre:  pro- 
makes  a  veiy  good  illustration  in  our  bably  they  always  did  so ;  and  this,  after 
aBtlior*s  hands.    The  same  use  of  it  is  all,  may  be  the  secret  G.cf.  Plin.  viii.  48. 


in  Sapor's  letter  to  Constantius:  LU.  Mart.  V.  xxxviii.  7.  VIII.  xxviii.  5. 

x»ii.  6.  G.  6.  IX.  Ixu.  XII.  c.  XIV.  cxxxiii.  PR.  R. 

37.  Acta  xxvii.  18  sq.  PR.  and  38.  R.        42.  Patis  is  now  *  the  Guadalquivir.' 

Jonah  i.  T«M?r«f  )s  nev/tfimSw  »mi  fln#2  PR.  i,  e,  (in  Arabic)    Wady  at  Kabyr 

^kt  UfTMt  x*^f^**  ht^kif   k^XMt  fit  *  the  great  river.'  R. 

yik^  eMf  AerefidXiiiveu  Urn*,  M  ^tm^if         43.  Argentum  ;  i.  76.  R. 


299                           THE  SATIRES  sat.  xii. 

Parthenio  factas,  urnce  cratera  capacem 

45  £t  dignum  sitiente  Pholo  vel  conjuge  Fusci. 
Adde  et  bascaudas  et  mille  escaria,  multiun 
Ca&lati,  biberat  quo  callidus  emtor  Olyntbi. 
Sed  quis  nunc  alius,  qua  mundi  parte,  quia  audei 
Argento  prseferre  caput  rebusque  salutem  ? 

44.  '  By  Parthenim/  a  sculptor,  VS.  have  «broii^hl  fnmi  tb«  Bew-(&oovered 
of  whom  we  know  noCbiDg.  cr.  iii.  91 »  islesi  specimeiM  of  art  id  this  bnuidi, 
note.  R.  which  our  ezpertestbacket-makenwoold 

The  itrna  contained  4  emtgU  or  34  strive  in  Tain  to  eqoaL     It  it  some  Kttle 

dextarii.  RU,  vt.  426.  R.  compliment  to  our  forefathers,  that  their 

Crater;  cf.   Hor.   Ill  Od.  viii.   13.  conquerors  adopted  the  name  with  the 

zviii.  7.  H.  ii.  87,  note.  article,  which  must  have  borne  a  higb 

45.  Pholus  was  one  of  the  Centaur<t.  price,  if  we  may  judge  from  the  valve  of 
VS.  Dindnr.  v.  2.  J.  ^Hvir^Mf  ti  Xm&^  the  precious  effecU  among  whicb  it  is 
('H^««Xiff)  it9-af  IfAfMT^tf  m  T^Kiy99n»  enumerated.  G.  "  Ba»sit,  BaMcamda, 
•■rif  Inr;^*/^**;  r«  fi.  «/  wm^Un»%  v^«X«i)  a  basket ;  batktt  dom,  a  band-basket; 
»i^a^»g'  Stesich.  in  Ath.  xi.  14.  GR.  an  ancient  British  word,  as  yon  mav 
Apoll.  II.  V.  4.  Virg.  G.  ii.  455  sqq.  V.  see  io  Martial,  &c.'*  Pryce*  Archaeol. 
Flac.  i.  337  sq.  Stat.  Th.  ii.  564.  R.  Cornu-Brit. 

Corntf/iusFMseuiismentioned,  iv.  112.  47.  Philip  of  Macedon  bribed  Las- 
LU.  but  this  is  more  probably  Auretius  thenes  and  Eury crates  to  betray  Olyntbw 
Futcu$  z  xvi.  46.  Plin.  £p.  vii.  9.  (Mart,  into  his  powerl  Because  he  ever  after- 
VII.  xxviii.  M.)  Some  suspect  the  lady  wards  spoke  of  them  as  traitors, they  hu^ 
to  be  Saufela  ;  vi.  320  soq.  iz.  117.  R.  themselves.  V&  cf.  Demosth.  Ol.  Tb«c.  k 
The  Roman  writers  take  frequent  notice  58  sqq.  Diodor.  ivi.  63  sq.  Philip  ^^ovvbt 
of  the  immoderate  love  of  the  women  for  many  cities  in  this  wav  (  Sen.  Ep.  94. 
wine.  The  following  passage  is  very  Once  when  he  was  about  to  attack  a 
humorous,  and  withal  so  ardent,  that  I  certain  castle,  the  scouts  brought  him 
doubt  whether  the  most  brain-sick  lover  word  that  the  road  was  impracticable; 
ever  poured  out  such  genuine  strains  of  the  king  immediately  asked  tJ  ;c«Xt«l» 
rapture  to  his  goddess,  as  the  bibulous  old  «j^*»r  lrr}v«  tUrt  ^«l*  mot  irftnkhn  Ma- 
lady before  us  lavishes  on  her  darling  r/«f  M*f»i(/tvrm'  Plut.  Apoph,  t  ii.  p.  178. 
liquor :  Jlos  veteris  vini  meis  ftaribut  obfee-  Cic.  Att.  i.  16.  R.  He  ttsed  to  aleap 
tu$  est :  ejui  amor  cupidum  mt  hue  prolieit  with  a  gold  cup  under  his  pillow :  PUb. 
pertenebras:  ubi,ubiest9  prope  me  at.  xzziii.  3.  PR,  The  anassioattoa  of 
evax!  habeo,  ialve  anime  mi,  Liberi  lepos;  Philip  by  Pauaanias  took  place,  B,  C. 
lit  veteris  vetusti  cupida  sum !  nam  omnium  336.  M. 

unguentNm  odor  prtt  tuo  nautea  est:  tu  *  Wily.*    blandut  pariter  §t  mtiditm» 

mihi  stactCt  tu  einnamomum,  tu  rosa^  tu  alloquio,    qui    plura    pramilttm,    quam 

eroeinum  et  casta  es,  tu  bdellium:   tuxm  prastaret,  in  seria  et  jocos  artifn,  ^|pe. 

xibi  tu  profusus,  ibi  ego  me  peroelim  sepul'  Just  ix.  8.  PR.   It  was  said  of  him  tbat 

tarn  !  Plaut.  Cure.  I.  ii.  6.  what  he  could  not  conquer  by  iron,  be 

46.  Barbara  de  piciis  veni  baseanda  won  by  gold.  M, 

Britannis,  sed  me  jam  mavult  dicert  Roma  Olyntnus  was  a   very  conseaQential 

suam;   Mart.  XIV.  zcix.  LU,    These  town  of 'Hirace.  in  the  neis;hboornood  of 

'  baskets*  (almost  the  only  manufacture  Macedonia,  PR,  and  a  aependency  of 

of  our  simple  ancestors)  seem  to  have  Athens.  Xen.  H.  O.  v.  p.  433  sqq.  Q. 

excited  the  admiration,  if  not  the  envy  of  Curt.  viii.  8  sq.  19.  C.  Nep.  Pel.  I.  R. 

the  Romans,  by  the  t>eanty  of  their  work-  48.  Aristippus,  the  philoeopher,  beinfr 

maoship.     It  is  curious  to  observe  how  on  board  a  ship  with  pirates,  threw  all 

greatly  the  most  savage  nations  excel  iu  his  money  overboard  secretly,  lest  if  they 

this  kind  of  rush-work.  Vaillant  speaksof  discovered  it,  they  should  throw  him  into 

some  baskets  which  he  found  among  the  the  sea  to  get  possession  of  his  wealth. 

people  of  CaiTraria  j   and  our  navigators  Af. 


SAT.  xu.  OF  JUVENAL.  293 

50  f  Nod  propter  vitam  faciunt  patrinionia  quidamf 
f  Sed  vitio  cceci  propter  patrimonia  vivuntf 
Jactatur  rerum  utilium  pars  maxima :  sed  nee 
Damna  levant    Tunc,  adversis  urguentibus,  illuc 
Recidit,  ut  malum  ferro  submitteret,  ac  se 

55  Explicat  angustum.     Discriminis  ultima,  quando 
Prsesidia  afierimus  navem  factura  minorem. 
I  nunc  et  ventis  animam  committer  dolato 
Confisus  ligno,  digitis  a  morte  remotus 
Quatuor  aut  septem,  si  sit  latissima  taeda ! 

60  Moz  cum  reticulis  et  pan^  et  ventre  lagence 
Adspice  sumendas  in  tempestate  secures. 
Sed  postquam  jacuit  planum  mare,  tempora  postquani 
Prospera  vectoris  fatumque  valentius  Euro 

50  tq.   TbcM  linat  tre  condemned  by  57.  /  nvne ;  vi.  306.  Sen.  Med.  650. 

Br.  and  defended  by  ACH.    The  two  R. 

preceding  Knet  tiso  are  objected  to  by  Ventu.  cf.  Hor.  I  Od.  iii.  9—24.  Af. 

G.  For  fkulaM  we  should  probably  read  Prop.  III.  vii.  29  sqq.  Ov.  Am.  iii.  2. 

fuifUM.  H.  aod  Phadr.  IV.  vi.  8.  (BU.)   Grat.  p. 

'  Moet  men  mistake  the  means  for  the  45.  {B,)  Sen.  Med.  304.  IL 

cod.'  cf.  T&t  84,  xi.  11,  notes.  §1  y^^  58.  *'  Trust  to  a  plank,  and  draw  pre- 

mhw  T§S  wX40ru9  M^iff  iff  m  isk  ri  carious  breath,  At  nio^t,  seven  inches 

wX^iiTf  •ilLuftni^tJmt,  mm  §ir»»  TH  l;^ii,  from  the  jaws  of  death!"  G.  Anacharsis, 

/ijjy  SfiXH  iTrw  9t0tumX>Mii  •Intrnt   rif  on   hearing   rirrm^mf  )«»rvX«Vf  iTmu  «) 

ifatwri.  ^uiD    XV^*^    *^  Xk^mtrt*   •'  *'^X*^  *'^f  "'^v  ul'^^TVed  T§0§Zr»9  fafdT§» 

ft4  m  mM  Auyii^M*    Luc.  Nigr.  23.  rovf  9-Xufr»t  Jiv-ixur    Laert.  i.  HCH. 

R.  Hence  a  ship  is  called  r^tUnrmysf  \»X»9 

53.  After  Inant  we  must  either  un-  tnvMtur  D.  Chrys.  Or.  Ixiv.  ixiytf  i  hk 
dentasd  navtm  (cf.  Virg.  i£.  i.  145.  l»Xn  "aTTT  l^6»u'  Arat.  Phaeo.  300. 
HK,")  or  «Kimiii«ii,  as  damna  is  the  nomi-  parva  materia  tejungit  fata ;  Sen.  Contr. 
nalivt.  R.  iii.    potuit  tenui  Jidere  ligno,  inter  vita 

54.  Rccttfit:  cf.  Livy  [zzz,  42,  f.  ED,]  mortitque  vias  nimium  gracHi  llmite  dueto ; 
zlm.6.(GJRO.DR.)Tac.An.iii.59.and  Sen.  Med.  306  sqq.  cf.  ziv.  288.  Ov. 
Suet.  Claud.  9.  (£R.)  Ov.  Her.  ziv.  46.  Am.  II.  zi.  25  M)q.  Anth.  Gr.  t.  ii.  pt.  2. 
and  Claud.  B.  G.  44.  (H.)  The  syllable  p.  55.  {J A,)  R,  On  the  other  hand,  it 
rt-  is  common  when  prefixed  to  verbs  nas  been  widely  remarked,  erras  «i  navi' 
beginning  with  a  consonant,  and  short  gatione  tantum  existimas  miuimum  eue, 
when  it  precedes  a  consonant  inserted  to  quo  a  morte  vita  diducitur ;  in  omni  loco 
■void  hiatus,  as  r^deo  redoleo,  ^c.  Prop,  ague  tenue  intervallum  est ;  Sen.  Ep.  G. 
IV.  viiL  44.  (J?.  BK.)  Sil.  i.  309.  (DR.)  59.  Tada  *  the  deal.'  VS. 

Manil.  i.  p.  48.  and  Prop.  II.  zziv.  60.  *  With  wallets ,'   Hor.  I  S.  i.  47. 

(J5.)  R.    •  It  came  to  Ihat  pass.'  M.  Pers.  v.  140.  LU, 

•  To  the  axe.'  M.  61.  •  Look  after,'  •  provide.'  PR.      • 

'  Aod  extricates  himself  when  strait-  62.  Jaeuit  is  opposed  to  surrexit:  cf. 

ened.*  LU.  Virg.  K.  ii.  26.  (HY.)  Sil.  v.  583.  (//.) 

56.  '  The  jeopardy  is  extreme,  when  R.  »ufiM  '  a  wave'  is  akin  to  the  Hebrew 

we  employ  remedies  which  will  mutilate  B)p  •  to  rise.' 

and  cripple  the  ship.'  MA.  LU.  53.  The  destinies  (iii.  27.  ix.  135  sq. 

56.  IntiumH  \xv^»'   AcU  zzvii.  17.  /*/?,  x.  252.  M.)  were  more  mighty  than 

^-  the  deities :  Sil.  v.  76.  406.  R. 


294 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  XII* 


Et  pelago,  postquam  Parcae  meliora  benigna 
65  Pensa  manu  ducunt  hilares  et  staminis  albi 
Lanificae,  modica  nee  multum  fortior  aura 
Ventus  adest :  inopi  miserabilis  arte  cucurrit 
Vestibus  extentis  et,  quod  superaverat  unum, 
Velo  prora  suo.     Jam  deficientibus  Austris, 
70  Spes  vitse  cum  sole  redit :  tum  gratus  lulo^ 
Atque  novercali  sedes  prselata  Lavino, 
Conspicitur  sublimis  apex,  cui  Candida  nomen 
Scrofa  dedit,  Icetis  Phrygibus  mirabile  sumen 
Et  numquam  visis  triginta  clara  mamillis. 
75  Tandem  intrat  positas  inclusa  per  aequora  moles 
Tyrrhenamque  Pharon  porrectaque  brachia  rursum, 
Quse  pelago  occurrunt  medio  longeque  relinquunt 


65.  The  phrase  dueere  perua  alludes 
to  the  actioD  of  the  spinster,  who '  draws' 
the  wool,  or  flax,  from  the  distaff  as  she 
spins  it;  this  she  continues,  till  '  the 
task'  assigned  her  is  finished,  cf.  Hor.  Ill 
Od.  xxvii.  63.  M. 

'  Cheerful.'  M,  cf.  Tib.  III.  iii.  35. 
(BK,  HY.)  Sil.  i.  281.  if. 

It  was  a  poetical  fiction  that  the  Fates 
spun  *  white'  or  black  *  yarn*  according 
as  a  mortal's  lot  was  prosperous  or  ad- 
verse. v/(tfiui  volventes  orubat  pensa 
nfrares,  ut  traherent  parva  itamina 
puUa  mora  ;  Mart  IV.  lxxiii.3  sq.  LU, 
si  miki  lanifiecB  ducunt  non  pulla 
sorores  stamina  ;  VI.  Iviii.  7  sq.  PEL 
Hor.  II  Od.  iii.  16.  «. 

67.  '  In  piteous  plight  she  made  her 
way  by  a  poor  contrivance.*  M.  See 
notes  on  &tay»m»f'  Thuc.  ii.  70.  v.  8. 
vi.  37.  by  Blooiiifield. 

68.  '  With  the  crew's  garments  spread 
out  to  catch  the  breeze.'  LU.  cf.  Tac. 
An.  ii.  24.  R. 

Superare  is  used  for  superesse,  PR, 
solus  siiperabat  Aeestes ;  Virg.  JE,  v.  519. 
Af. 

69.  'The  fore-sail,'  M,  which  was 
called  dolon  ;  the  main-sail  was  artemon, 
and  the  mizzen-sail  epidromut,  PR, 

*  The  south  winds*  were  very  violent 
on  the  coasts  of  Italv.  cf.  Hor.  I  S.  i.  6. 
Ill  Od.  iii.  4  sq.  I  Od.  iii.  14—16.  M. 

70.  Thus  Neptune  coiUetasftigat  nubes 
solemque  redueit ;   Vir^.  M.  i.  1 43.  R, 

71.  AIha  Ijonga,  iv.  61,  note,  was 
founded  by  lulus,  the  son  of  iEneas  and 


Creusa,  who  left  Lovtiium  (now  '  CiUt 
Lavinia')  to  his  step-mother  LaTinU.  FSL 
FA,  PR,  Liv.  i.  1.  3.  Virg.  M.  i.2.267 
8qq.andTib.II.v.49.(Hr.)  R.  Tboagh 
twenty  miles  from  the  coast,  it  formed  a 
conspicuous  I  and  .mark.  G. 

72.  Cf.  Virg.  JE,  iii.  388  aqq.  viii.  42 
sqq.  81  sqq.  (HY.)  Varr.  R.  R.  ii.  4. 
LU,  PR.  R. 

73.  Cf.  vi.  177,  note.  M. 

Sumen  ;  zi.  138.  R.  Pen.  i.  53.  PR. 

74.  Numquam  I  understand  amtm. 
LU, 

*  Thirty  teats  with  a  pig  at  each.*  M. 

75.  Portum  Ouitt  exAruxit,  cbreums' 
dueto  dextra  sinistraque  bracldo,  §t  «d 
inttoitum  pro/undo  jam  solo  mottobfeeta, 
quam  quo  attd)iUta  fundaret,  navem  ^n^g 
demenit,  qua  magnus  obeliseus  fx  JEgfpta 

fugrat  adveetus,.eongestisque  piUs  §uper» 
posult  allimmam  turrim  in  exemptusm 
Alexandrini  Phari,  ut  ad  noetumos  igne9 
cvrsum  naoigia  dirigerent ;  Suet.  Claud. 
20.  This  grand  undertaking  employed 
dO,00<)  labourers  for  eleven  years.  LU. 
cf.  V.  Flac.  vu.  84  sqq.  (BU.)  R.  Dio 
gives  a  very  rational  account  of  tht 
motives  which  induced  Claudius  to  exe- 
cute this  stupendous  work ;  which  seems 
to  have  been  highly  necessary  for  ensur- 
ing the  re^lar  supplies  of  Rome.  G.  cf. 
Tac.  An.  i.  18. 

76.  Cf.«vi.  83.  PR.  WE,  on  P.  M.  t.  v. 
p.  120.  149.  Ov.  M.  xi.  393.  zilL  903. 
R, 

Rursum  *  on  her  return,'  Af .  or  '  stiU 
further' t.  e.  than  the  light-house.  GA. 


SAT.  XII.  OF  JUVENAL.  295 

Italian!.     Non  sic  igitur  mirabere  portus, 

Quos  natura  dedit.     Sed  trunca  puppe  magister 
80  Interiora  petit  Baianae  pervia  cymbae 

Tuti  stagna  sinus.     Gaudent  ibi  vertice  raso 

Garrula  securi  narrare  pericula  nautse. 

Ite  igitur,  pueri,  Unguis  animisque  faventes 

Sertaque  delubris  et  farra  imponite  cultris 
85  Ac  molles  ornate  focos  glebamque  virentem  : 

Jam  sequar  et  sacro,  quod  praestat,  rite  peracto, 

Inde  domum  repetam,  graciles  ubi  panra  coronas 

Accipiunt  fragili  simulacra  nitentia  cera. 

Hie  nostrum  placabo  Jovem  Laribusque  paternis 

81.  Hahet  prtffffrtii  dolarit  ieeura  r#-  couDtries,  the  sacrifice  of  some  personal 
cardatio  deteetationem :  etttris  vtro  nulla  beauty,  the  vowing  of  hecatombs,  occ.  &c. 
perfumeli»  propria  moUstia,  casus  antem  The  hair  was  usually  cherished  with  ex- 
^iemm  ntu  ulLf  dtdart  intuentibus  etiam  treme  care  and  affection,  and  therefore 
ipta  mwrieffrdia  ntjueunda ;  Cic.  Kp.  Dio  was  not  thought  unworthy  to  be  tendered 
▼.  12.  PR.  lily  CM  rWiM-M  f/ufAfn^tat  ^itm'  in  a  calamity  like  this,  as  a  vicarious  offer- 
Ear.  And.  fr.  x.  2.  cf.  Sen.  Ep.  78.  Macr.  ing  for  the  life.  This  is  perhaps  the  true 
^n.^*R*  fanantt  hacMimmtminisuju'  history  of  these  vows.  G.  Pers.  iii.  106, 
voMf ;  Virjf.  X.,  i.  207.  Lucr.  ii.  1  sqq.  note,  [l^yy  xziv,  16,  11.  £D.] 
Hon.  Od.  0  399  sq.  Arist.  Uh.  I.  xi.  3.  83.  Rebus  divinis  qucB  pnhliee  fiertnt, 

**  With  shaven  crowns."  G.     It  was  vtfavennt  linguisimperabaturiCic, 

the  cQ&tomio  distress  at  sea  to  invoke  the  de  Div.  i.  102.  ib.  ii.  83.  PR.    Hor.  Ill 

aid  of  the  deities :  Jonah  i.  5.  often  with  Od.  i.  2.  ore  favete  omnes ;  Virg.  X,  v. 

tke  addition  of  a  solemn  vow  to  cut  off  71.  M,  svpn/Uirf  *  silence  !  attention  !' 

the  hair  and  offer  it  as  an  acknowledge-  tv^nf*u9  is  *  to  utter  words  of  good  omen,' 

Bent  of  preservation.     When  St  Paul  and  (that  words  of  ill  omen  may  not 

aayt,  *'  1  here  shall  not  an  hair  of  vour  escape)  *  to  observe  a  reverential  silence.* 

bead  perish,"  Acts  xxvii.  34.  he  may  Mir.cf.Theoph.Ch.xix.3.(Cii5.)Hor. 

allude  to  this  custom  :  as  if  he  had  said  III  Od.  i.  2.  ziv.  11.  (ML)  Tib.  II.  i. 

'•  Yoa  need  not  shave  and  devote  your  84.  ii.  1.  (HY,)  R.  Eur.  Hec.  528 — 531. 

hair,  for  yon  shall  be  preserved  without  84.  <  Garlands.'  cf.  91.  vi.  51.  ix.  85. 

doifif  >o.^'  M.  UmS  a  fui  9v»  IXiyms  Af  Hom.  II.  A  39.  Virg.  JE,  iv.  459.  R, 

ml (s^inwAii  rh  MS^miJiv.  S^ws^  «/ U  rSt  delubra  deAnife sta  velamusfr onde; 

tmwmytSt  k^e^mHtrtt  IXt^h^M    Luc.  Her-  Id.  ii.  248  sq.  Af. 

mot.  86.  Anth.  Or.  vi.  21.  ep.  1.  Artem.  The  fire,  the  head  of  the  victim,  and 

Owir.  i.  23.  Petr.  63.  PTii,  Arch.  Gr.  the  sacrificial  knife  were  sprinkled  with 

iii.  20.  iv.  5.  R.    It  was  anciently  sup-  the  sacred  meal,  which  was  a  mixture 

posed  that  the  gods  would  accept  life  for  of  flour,  salt,  and  water.   PR,     (saUa 

life,  that  the  voluntary  devotement  of  frvges ;    Virg.  ^.  ii.  133.)     Hence  the 

one  person  would  preserve  another  from  word  immolor,  M. 

impendiog  &te;    FA.   (cf.  Eur.  Ale.  85.  Cf.  v.  2.  LU.  Hor.  I  Od.  xix.  13. 

Macr.  ni.  9.  A.  PR.)  absolute  forgive-  (ML)  R. 

Bees  was  deemed  no  attribute  of    the  86.  '  In  due  form.'  Hor.  I  Od.  xxxii. 

heathen  divinities.    As  the  world  grew  16.  IV.  iv.  25.  vi.  37.  xv.28.  R, 

older,  it  grew  more  foolish :  it  imagined  88.  Cf.  notes  on  x.  55.  PR.  ix.  137 

that  the  gods  might  be  shuffled  off  with  saq.  R.  renidentes  lares  ;  Hor.  Ep.  ii.  66. 

somewhat  less  than  foil  payment;  and  They  were  partly  made  of '  wax.'  LU. 

this  persoasion  gave  rise  to  a  thousand  '  Brittle  ;'  or  '  easily  moulded ; '  Ov. 

absorditici,  such  as  the  maiming  and  M.  xv.  169.  ACH. 

wottsding  still  practised   in  barbarous  89.  Cf.  Pers.  y,  31,  LU.  viii.  14,  note. 


296 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  Xll. 


90  Thura  dabo  atque  omnes  violae  jactabo  oolores. 
Cuncta  nitent :  longos  erexit  janua  ramos 
£t  matutinis  operatur  festa  lucemis. 

Nee  suspecta  tibi  sint  hsec^  Corvine.     CatulluB, 
Pro  cujus  reditu  tot  pono  altaria,  parvos 

95  Tres  habet  heredes.     Libet  exspectare,  quia  aegram 
Et  claudentem  oculos  gaUinam  impendat  amico 
Tarn  sterili.     Verum  haec  niraia  est  impensa:  cotumix 
Nulla  umquam  pro  patre  cadet.     Sentire  ealorem 
Si  coepit  locuples  Gallita  et  Paccius  orbi» 

100  Legitime  fixis  vestitur  tota  tabellis 


PR.viii.  no  sq.  M.  ix.  137  sqq.  Hor. 
I  Od.  zzxvi.  2.  III.  xxiii.  3.  R. 

90.  Besides  *  the  purple  and  the  white 
violet/  there  is  the  viola  tricolor  (of  Lin- 
na*us)  or  '  pansy  :*  "  And  maidens  call 
it  love-i  n-idleness;"  Shaksp. Mids. 
N.  Dr.  II.  ii.  the  name  which  it  retains 
in  the  south  of  Hampshire.  The  flower 
there  known  hy  the  name  of  '  hearts- 
ease' is  the  paUeru  viola  of  Virgil,  E.  x. 
47.  chMiranthus  eheiri  (of  linnsus)  or 
*  yellow  wallflower.'  May  it  not  be  that 
<*  little  western  flower,"  amid  whose 
blossoms  Pindar  imbedded  the  infant 
lamusi    »XX*    ly»iM^iMrro    yk^  ^X*"V 

fSfut'  Ol.  vi.  8d— 93. 

Cf.  Pers.  V.  182.  (CAS.)  Virg.  E.  ii. 
47.  V.  38.  X.  39.  (VO.)  U. 

91.  Cf.  vi.  61.  79. 1?. 

92.  Malutinii,  sarcastically,  when 
lamps  are  perfectly  needless.  LU, 

Operatur  (l)  *  is  busily  engaged  :*  cf. 
Tib.  II.  i.  65.  iii.  36.  and  Virg.  G.  i. 
339.  {HY,)  Hor.  Ill  Od.  xiv.  16.  (BY, 
JN.)  R.  Or  r2)  *  My  gate  celebrates 
the  festivities.'  LU.  cf.  ix.  1 17.  Virg.  E. 
iii.  77.   M. 

In  public  and  private  rejoicings  lamps 
were  suspended  to  the  doors,  windows, 
and  trees,  cf.  Sen.  £p.  96.  Pers.  v.  180 
sq.  (  CAS, )  nee  lucernii  diem  iufringimus  ; 
TertuU.  Apol.  PR.  Tac.  An.  iii.  9. 
Capell.p.31.  {GROT.)  R.  This  solemn 
lighting  of  lamps  was,  undoubtedly,  the 
primal  indication  of  idolatry ;  the  first 
profane  ceremony  which  took  |;lace  when 
men  fell  from  worshipping  the  Father  of 
Light,  tu  the  adoration  of  the  noblest 
material  object,  the  sun,  of  which  those 


artificial  fires  were  the  most  obvious 
symbol.  I'he  institution  itself,  thai  of 
the  Festival  of  Lamps,  shows  the  aniver- 
salitv  of  this  specious  worship;  as  it 
would  be  difficult  to  point  out  a  region, 
in  which  it  has  not,  at  one  period  ok 
other,  prevailed.  It  eitends  even  now, 
though  the  origin  and  object  of  it  have 
been  forgotten  for  ages,  over  more  than 
half  the  habitable  globe.  The  ChritliaDt 
continued  it  after  their  conversion  froaa 
paganism  :  ud  lueeant,  inquit  {Chriitmi) 
opera  vettra :  at  nunc  lucent  tmbermm  gt 
janutt  nostrit :  plum  jam  invtuim  ElJbiis- 
corum  fores  nne  lucemis  et  laurms  mai 
Christianorum,  Tertull.  The  Irantatioo 
of  this  illumination,  from  a  mark  of  vcne- 
ration  to  a  simple  type  of  joy  and  fes- 
tivity, is  neither  singular  nor  difficalt  to 
explain.  G.  DD, 

95.  R«M»j^v  yd^  Ttnt  rtUmt  ri}[m9  Un- 
nfeiumrt,  yHun  »u)  yt^iprmf  l^trif.  mml 

fidXi^TM  Ii  MrtMfM  iTiv*   «l    ))  fvTUMf    ij/A 

Ati^m^rsf  Luc.  D.  Mort.  vi.  3.  R. 

*  I  should  be  glad  to  see.'  M. 

96.  Cf.  xiii.  233.  R. 

97.  Sterili,  (vu.  49.)  ironically  and 
equivocally ;  for  the  more  prolific,  the 
less  product!  ve  is  he.  BRL  R. 

*  Not  even  a  common  qaail  lor  one 
that  is  a  father  !'  LU.  Varr.  R.  R. 
III.  V.  17.  Plin.  z.  23  s  3^  (HA.) 
R. 

98.  <  Symptoms  of  fever.'  PR. 

99.  Gallita  Crispilina;  Tac.  H.  i. 
Paceiut  AJricaHus\  Id,  H.  iv.  LU,  PR. 
cf.  vii.  12.  R,  Might  not  this  latter  be 
one  of  those  wealthy  misers  who  paid  the 
poet  in  kind  \ 

100.  Cf.  X.  55,  note.  Soef.  Cal.  14. 
(£R.)  FA. 


BAT.  XII.  OP  JUVENAL.  297 

Porticus :  exabtunt,  qui  promittant  hecatomben, 
Quatonus  hie  non  sunt  nee  venales  elephanti       ^/«.c^ 
Nee  Latio  aut  usquam  nostro  sub  sidere  talis 
Belua  eoneipitur;  sed  furva  gente  petita 

105  Arboribus  Rutulis  et  Turni  pascitur  agro, 

Caesaris  armentum  nuUi  servire  paratum  \ 

Private :  siquidem  Tyrio  parere  solebant       tv4.u    ^ 
Hannibali  et  nostris  dueibus  regique  Molosso  ^  /<   i-f-- 

Horam  majores  ae  dorso  ferre  cohortes,       t\t   ♦fW*  ^^^    ^f   ^  '^^ 
^artem  aliqiiam  belli  et  euntem  in  proelia  turrim.  ^ 

Nulla  igitur  mora  per  Novium^  mora  nulla  per  Histrum 
l^acuviumy  quin  illud  ebur  ducatur  ad  aras 
£t  eadat  ante  lares  Gallitse,  victima  sola 
Tantis  digna  Deis  et  eaptatoribus  horum. 

1 15  Alter  enim,  si  eoncedas  mactare,  vovebit 

101.  Hecatombf  were  only  offered  on  '  Our  generals.'  Curius  Dentatus  was 
the  most  toleran  and  urgent  occaMoos.  the  first  who  led  elephants  in  triumph. 
A  hundred  altars  were  erected,  and  a  L.  Metellus  and  others  did  the  like.  GR, 
hundred  ncdms  simultaneously  sacri-  Metellus  exhibited  no  fewer  than  two 
fieed.  The  nctims  properly  were  oxen,  hundred  and  four  of  these  animals,  after 
hot  m^t  ilso  be  sheep,  goats,  or  any  his  victory  over  Asdrubal.  31.  Piin.  viii. 
other  aninitk.  Emperors  are  said  to  have  6.  R.  L.  Scipio,  Pompey's  father-in-law, 
•OBCtimei  offered  t  hundred  lions,  or  a  employed  thirty  of  them  in  battle  against 
haodred  eagles.  A,  RH.  'EMri^if.  cf.  Cesar.  App.  B.  C.  ii.  96.  PR, 

Soph.  Tr.  763.  (HP.)  Herud.  i.  n.  107,         Pyrrhus  kin^r  of  Epirus,  VS.  of  which 

l^  A.  country  the  Molossians  were  a  people. 

102.  '  Elephants'  (i.  150.)  were  first  In  that  Tarentine  war,  eUphantot  Italia 
aeen  at  Rome,  in  the  war  with  Pyrrhus,  primum  vidit  et  bftves  Lucag  appfllavit,  in 
A.  U.  472.  Plin.  viii.  6.  PR.  Lucanis  ttcos  a.  v.  cccclxxii ;  Plin.  viii. 

103.  On  the  other  hand  we  read  of  6.  LU.  Just,  xviii.  I.  PR. 
ttnm  alio  eaUmtM  toU;   Hor.  II  Od.         109.  '  A  cohort ;'  i.  58.  GR, 

ztL  18.  H.  no.  Cf.  Ces.  Comm.  i9£Iian.  Philostr. 

104.  CnefptlMr  *  is  senerated :'  but     1  Maccab.  vi.  34  sqq.  S.  Ambros.  Hex. 
Colom.  III.  viii.  3.  R.  vi.  5.  PR, 


FairM;  Ov.  M.  iii.  273.  (H.)  R.  cf.  111.  Nulla  mora ;  vi.  333.  R. 

sL  125  iq.  PR,  Novim  and  Pacuvius  were  gentlemen 

lOSt.  ilrdea  was  the  capital  of  Tumus  of  the  same  kidney :  ii.  58.  R. 

king  of  the  RutulL  PR.    A  herd  was  112.  As  <  the  elephant'  is  here  called 

oIm  kM>t  in  the  Tiburtine  land:   Mart,  ivory,  by  metonymy;    so  Virgil  calls 

IV.  Im.  VII.  xii.  R.  '  the  ivory,'  by  synecdoche,  elephant: 

106.  Domitian  kept  this  herd  for  the  G.  iii.  26.  i£.  vi.  896.  M. 

porpoae  of  the  games.  PR.    Plin.  viii.  114.  By  'such  great  gods*  he   pro- 

2.7.  Suet.  Cass.  37.  Dio  xlix.  p.  574,  bably  means 'such  opulent  patrons.*  L(/. 

93.f  FilB.)ll.Ccsa,iD  the  Punic  tongue,  cf.  i.  1 12.  135,  note  ;  v.  132,  note  ;  See. 

signified  '  an  elephant.'  SV,  1 15.  Alter  i.  e,  Pacuviut,  LU. 

107.  PrivatOf  vi.  114,  note.  R.  Human  sacrifices  were  offered  in  Italy 
Carthage  was  founded  by  Dido  with  a  to  Pluto  and  Saturn  in  conformity  with 

'  Tyrian'  colony.  FA.  the  following  oracle,  »«}  tit^mkkt  "Afn 

*  Toobejr.'  Plin.  viii.  7.  Q.  Cnrt.  PR.  ««}  r^  9'ar^  mif^rtrt  f^rit,  nil  Hercules 

lOS.  Hannibal;  z.  158.  VS.  taught  them  tu  <ubMiiute,  in  the  former 


j/^iCA^.u    JUAaJ*     ^  i    cJ'i 


irn 


298  THE  SATIRES  sat,  xii. 

De  grege  servorum  magna  aut  pulcerrima  quasque 
Corpora;  vel  pueris  et  frontibus  ancillanim 
Imponet  vittas  et,  si  qua  est  nubilis  illi 
Iphigenia  domi,  dabit  hanc  altaribus,  etsi 

120  Non  sperat  tragicae  furtiva  piacula  cervae. 
Laudo  meum  civem  nee  comparo  testaraento 
Mille  rates :  nam  si  Libitinam  evaserit  aeger, 
Delebit  tabulas,  inclusus  carcere  nassae. 
Post  meritum  sane  mirandum,  atque  omnia  soli 

125  Forsan  Pacuvio  breviter  dabit     Ille  superbus 
Incedet  victis  rivalibus.     Brgo  vides,  quam 
Grande  operae  pretium  faciat  jugulata  Mycenis. 

case,  little  pendent  images,  and,  io  the  FA,  whom  Plutarch  maket  the  same 

latter,  lighted  lamps,  as  Uie  word  fmrk  is  with  Venus :  Probl.  PR,    UUtinmm  rt- 

equivocal :    Macr.  i.  7.    a.  u.  DCLyii  tare ;  Hor.  Ill  Od.  zzx.  7.  A. 

Lmtulo  et  Ltctnio  eonsidihta,  factum  s.  c.  123.  '  His  former  wilt.'  FA. 

ne  homo  immolartiuT ;  palamqtie  ad  tern-  '  Hampered  in  the  net,  which  was  set 

pus  iUud  prodigioia  iaera  ejfttitita,  non  for  him.'  FA.  mv^t*  0pp.  HaU  iii.  85. 

satit   {tttimari  point  quantum   llomanit  341  sqq.  U«f^«iff^Xji^»i^ir  Theocui. 

d^atur,  qui  monttra  nutuUre,  in  quilnu  1 1.      tolUrs   piteutor    on    Uvem   patuh 

hominem   oeeidere    religiotissimum    erat ;  texens  de  vimme  nastam,  eautiut  imterierm 

Plin.  xxz.  1 .  PR.  RH.  ligat  meMamque  per  almun  Mewnrnjaetigami 

118.  Thus  Sinon  represents  himself  on  compressa  eaeumina  neetit  aefmude  art- 
the  point  of  sacrifice  ;  mihi  laera  parari  tati  remeare  foraminU  areH  tiiCnitCu  /oct- 
et salkt  fruget  et  eireum  tempera  Um,  quem  traxii  ab  aquore  piteemi  SXL.ir» 
vittae;  Virg.  ^.  ii.  132  sq.  LU.  47 — 52.  cf.  Cic.  to  Att  zr.  20.  Plant. 

'  Marriageable:'  Hor.  Ill  Od.  ▼i.22.  Mil.  II.  vi.  98.  Tmc.  I.  u  21  tq.  Cure 

I  Od.  zxiii.  1 1  sq.  M.  III.  61.    Mart  VI.  Iziii.  5  sq.  Hor.  II 

119.  The  Greeks,  having  killed  a  hind  S.  v.  44.  I  £p.  i.  79.  Lnc  Tim.  22.  D. 

consecrated  to  Diana,  were  wind-bound  Mort.  vi.  4.  z.  Hermot.  59.  R.  note  on 

at  Aulis.    The  oracle  told  them  that  to  m4^rn'  Her.  i.  191. 

Sacifv  the  deity  they  must  sacrifice  the  124.  Attributing  his  recovery  toldv  to 

aughter  of  their  ^neralissimo.    Aga-  the  vows  and  sacrmces  of  Pacuvios.  PR. 

memnon,  after  a  while,  gave  his  reluctant  125.   Fonan  is   very  emphatic ;    fcr 

consent;    but,  just  as  she  was  on  the  there  is  no  certainty  after  all.  A. 

point  of  being  sacrificed,  the  goddess  con-  Where  one  person  »  left  sole  heir,  but 

veyed  her  away  to  the  Tauric  Chersonese,  few  words  are  needed.  BRI.  cf.  t.  68.  A. 

and  substituted  in  her  stead  a  hind.  HO,  and  40,  note. 

Eur.  Iph.  A.  and  T.  PR.  Hyg.  F.  98.  126.  Virg.iE.L46.M.Tac.An.iv.23, 

Lycoph.  183.  (TZ.)  Virg.  JE,  ii.  116.  5.  Uv.  i.  26,  9.  SaU.  Jug.  31.  (CO.)R. 

(HY,)  Ov.  M.  xii.  1.^8.  (BU,)  R,  'E»U9h  fdw,  Urts  Af  f  wn,&^rm^' 

There  is  much  variation  in  the  story ;  cf.  fUfit  fu  (nXMfr«y)  «^  eiXrf,  iiu  fUm 

JEach,  Ag.  39-.240.  Lucr.  i.  85—102.  Jifr)  r«»  rimt  Ue^Ue,  9  A^amtmc .  J}  T^U^ 

which  appears  founded   on   Abraham's  MitavXik,  ft  MtydfivlZ^f,  4  U^m^xt 

sacrifice  of  Isaac.  /u«-«M/u«#li)f ,  T«vf  ftiirnf  m^firmt  Imutem 

121 ."  A  thousand  ships  are  trifles  to  a  iiV   JiXk^3i$its    Jiir§fikiw0rrai    nmrmXi^mt, 

will!''  G.  AXffAf  iyfrms  r)  r(i#«f  ».  t.  X.    Luc. 

122.  Mille,  in  round   numbers.    Sil.  Tim.  22.  R, 

iii.  229.  Vire.  JE.  ii.   198.  (HY,)  R,  127.   Operit  pretium  is   a    meUphor 

rrtXtff  'A^AMv  ;^iXi«Ntvnf»*   iEsch.  Ag.  taken  from  hirelings.  BRI.  [Livy  zxv, 

44.  (  BL.)  Ov.  M.  xii.  7.  37.  30,  2.  ED,'\ 

Lihiiina  was  the  goddess  of  funerals,  As  he  had  before  called  Pacuvins't 


SAT.  MI.  OF  JUVENAL.  299 

Vivat  Pacuvius,  quaeso,  vel  Nestora  totuin : 
Possideat,  quantum  rapuit  Nero :  montibus  aurum 
130  Exaequet ;  nee  amet  quemquam  nee  ametur  ab  uUo  ! 

daughter /|»Ai^«iiia,  1 19.  fo  he  DOW  styles  proverbial;  cf.   x.   15.      The  sums  he 

her  *  the  fair  Mjcenian/  i  Mmh fir :  Ov.  extorted  from  the  provinces  under  various 

M.  xii.  34.  R,  pretences  exceed  all  belief,  and  almost 

121.  Cf.  X.  246sqq.    life  is  no  bless-  all  arithmetic.     He  gave  no  office,  says 

iog  to  the  miser,  who  starves  like  Midas  Suetonius,  without  tne  addition  of  this 

aniODff  heaps  of  gold,    and   pines  like  special  charge  :  **  Scis  quid  mUiicput  sit  ; 

Tantalus  in  the  midst  of  plenty.  Bill,  et  hoc  agamus,  ne  qui*  quidqutun  Jiabeat  ;*' 

Netfor,  for  '  the  age  of  Nestor ;'  Mart.  32.  ib.  36.  Xiph.  PR.  M. 
X.  zziv,  11.  as  Nero,  for  '  the  baths  of        Partarum  remmarqiMtut  ecrlo  cumulus 

Nero;'  X.  xlviii.  4.  Mentor  for  '  a  cup  sedem  stabilem  non  habebit;  V.  Max.  ii. 

of  Mentor  ;*  XI.  xii.  5.  Ov.  M.  xii.  188.  9.  K. 
(H.)  R,  130.  Sitque  miser  temper,  nee  sit  mist' 

129.  Tb«  rapacity  of  this  tyrant  was  rabilii  »///;  Ov.  Ib.  117  ficc.  BRL 


SATIRE    XIII. 


ARGUMENT. 

CaiviDus  had  left  a  sum  of  money  in  the  hands  of  a  confidential  person ; 
no  uncommon  thing  in  those  days,  as  there  were  then  no  public  banks. 
This  man,  when  he  came  to  re-demand  it,  forswore  the  deposit.  15  sq. 

The  utmost  indignation  and  fury  are  expressed  by  Calvinus  at  this  breach 
of  trust.  11 — 15.  His  friend  Juvenal  endearours  to  sooth  and  comfort 
him  under  his  loss.  ^  sqq. 

Such  is  the  simple  foundation  on  which  the  beautiful  structure  before  us 
is  raised !   G, 

The  topics  of  consolation  which  the  Poet  employs  are  these.  That  the 
fortune  of  Calrinus  was  such  that  the  loss  could  be  easily  borne  :  7  s<l* 
13 — 16.  and  that  such  acts  of  dishonesty  were  nothing  extraordinary, 
amid  the  general  depravity  of  the  times,  when  a  man  of  strict  integrity 
would  be  regarded  as  a  prodigy.  16 — 74.  120 — 173.  This  universal 
corruption  was  owing,  in  Juvenal's  opinion,  to  the  absurd  notions  enter- 
tained respecting  the  deities,  from  the  opinions  of  the  avowed  atheist  to 
those  of  the  practical  infidel:  75 — 119.  He  proceeds  to  deprecate 
revenge  as  no  reparation  of  harm  received,  and  as  unworthy  of  a  man 
and  philosopher :  174 — 192.  to  represent  the  stings  of  a  guilty  con- 
science and  the  superstitious  fears  of  the  guilty  as  an  infinitely  greater 
punishment  than  any  other;  192 — 235.  and  to  state,  that  if  the  wicked 
are  left  to  themselves,  they  add  crime  to  crime,  till  the  measure  off 
their  iniquities  is  full,  when  vengeance  and  retribution  infallibly  over- 
take them.  236—249.  R, 

Juvenal  is  here  almos  t  a  Christian  :  for  though  his  ignorance  of  "  that 
light  which  was  come  into  the  world"  (St  John  i.)  did  not  enable  him  to 
number  among  the  dreadful  consequences  of  impenitent  guilt,  the  certain 
punishment  of  the  life  to  come  ;  yet,  on  every  other  topic  that  can 
alarm  or  terrify  the  sinner,  he  is  energetic  and  awful  beyond  example. 
Perhaps  the  horrors  of  a  troubled  conscience  were  never  depicted  with 
such  impressive  solemnity  as  in  this  Satire.     192 — 198.  210—239. 

Bishop  Burnet  recommended  the  tenth  Satire  to  his  clergy,  in  his  Pas- 
toral Letters  :  the  present  is  not,  indeed,  so  poetic,  so  fervid,  so  majes- 
tical,  as  that ;  but,  on  the  other  hand,  it  enters  more  into  the  common 
business  of  life.  All  cannot  be  statesmen  and  kings ;  but  all  may  be 
injured  by  treachery,  and  all  have  need  to  be  reminded,  that  guilt  some- 
times finds  its  punishment  even  on  this  side  the  grave !  O* 


SAT.  xiiL      THE  SATIRES  OF  JUVENAL.  301 

ExEMPLO  quodcumque  malo  committitur,  ipsi 
Displicet  auctori.     Prima  est  haec  uldo,  quod  se 
Judice  nemo  nocens  absolvitur,  improba  quamvis 
Gratia  fallaci  Praetoris  vicerit  urna. 
5  Quid  sentire  putas  omnes,  Calvine,  recenti 
De  scelere  et  fidei  violate  crimine?  Sed  nee 
Tam  tenuis  census  tibi  contigit,  ut  mediocris 
Jacturce  te  mergat  onus ;  nee  rara  videmus. 
Quae  pateris.     Casus  multis  hie  cognitus  ac  jam 

10  Tritus  et  e  medio  Fortunce  ductus  acervo. 
Ponamus  nimios  gemitus :  flagrantior  aequo 
Non  debet  dolor  esse  viri  nee  vulnere  major. 
Tu  quamvis  levium  minimam  exiguamque  malorum 
Particulam  vix  ferre  potes,  spumantibus  ardens 

15  Visceribus,  sacrum  tibi  quod  non  reddat  amicus 

!•  NmUm  wtqf&r  jRoma  nequitUt,  quam  he  did  not  always  let  slip.    It  is  to  this 

fMrf  aSbi  M  mil  dupHat ;  Sea.  Ep.  42.  Juveoal  alludes.  FR,  G.  Jtf.  Virg.  M* 

A.  hir|M  quid  mumrui  te  tUu  tgtte  timt ;  vi.  4«)2.  {HY.)     It  would  seem  that  the 

Am.  LU.  dishonest  frieml  of  Calvinus  had  been 

2.  Sewtftr  tetkrit  in  »ctUr§  tupplieium ;  nefariously  acquitted.  R. 

ScD.  LU*  5.  Martial  meDtions  an  indifferent  poet 

3.  Ronaosii.  14  sq.  R.  named  Ca<vinu«C/m6fr;  VII. Ixxxix. PA. 

4.  Thk  can  only  be  understood  by  a  6.  Sed, '  It  is  a  gross  act  of  dishonesty, 
mfincnce  to  the  iudicial  forms  of  the  to  be  sure ;  but,  at  the  same  time,  &g.' 
Rnmans.  In  criminal  causes,  the  yralcr  Before  Juvenal  enters  upon  the  guilt  of 
urbmmtu,  who  sat  as  chief  judge,  put  the  offender,  he  endeavours  to  monderate 
into  an  urn  the  names  of  bis  assessors  (a  the  passionate  transports  of  his  friend. 
luod  of  jofymen,  who,  to  the  amount  of  In  what  follows,  lie  haw  almost  translated 

hundreds,  were  annually  chosen  for     Menander  :      rv  T  wt    ^ri(^iXA«f  r«« 


this  parpoae),  from  which  he  drew  out  Tfi^tf*',  l«-«Xir«f  §iy»0m,  r*  »v»)  T  Wri 

Um  Bumber  prescribed  by  law,  usually  /Atr^tA  r«i  ««««*  tSt  r  £v«^ir«f  ^§»  mmi 

about  fifty,  who  sat  by  bum  at  the  triaL  vi  k^v-it  tv  ^i^i.  G. 

When  the  pleadings  were  over,  they  re-  8.  The  metaphor  is  taken  from  a  ship's 

dred,  and  deKberatra  on  what  had  passed,  sinking  by  being  overloaded.  M.    But  in 

On  their  retnm,  they  had  each  three  that  case,  the  greater  the ja^tura  the  less 

waxen  tablets  put  into  their  hands,  one  would  be  the  danger  of  sinking :  domna 

of  which  was  marked  with  the  letter  C  leoant ;  xii.  53. 

Ibr  emtdgmMo,  *  guilty ;'  another  with  the  10.  A  metaphor  from  a  '  well-worn* 

letter  A  for  ebeoli-o,  *  not  guilty ;'  and  the  path.  LU, 

third  with  the  letters  N  L  for  non  liquet,  Inaceriwthe  metaphor  is  perhaps  taken 

'  I  am  doubtfol,'  or '  not  proven.'    One  from  a  heap  of  spoils,  in  which  articles 

of  these  tablets  each  person  dropped  pri-  of  peculiar  rarity  or  value  would  be  laid 

▼ately  into  the  urn,  which  was  tnen  on  the  top :  these  constituted  r«  JU^tiitm' 

brought  to  the  prsetor,  who  took  them  note  on  Her.  i.  86. 

out,  and  pronounced  sentence  according  12.  Cf.  Hor.  Ep.  x.  17.  Sen.  Ep.  99. 

to  the  decision  of  the  majority.    In  this  R. 

last  transaction,  a  perverse  or  corrupt  14.  Cf.  i.  45,  note.  A. 

jodre  had  an  opportunity  of  juggling,  15.  '  Sacred'  on  account  of  the  oath 

which  the  biatoiy  of  those  times  proves  to  which  the  gods  were  witnesses.  PR, 


302 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  XIII. 


Depositum.     Stupet  haec,  qui  jam  post  terga  reliquit 

Sexaginta  annos,  Fonteio  Consule  natus  ? 

An  nihil  in  melius  tot  rerum  proficis  usu  ? 

Magna  quidem,  sacris  quae  dat  praecepta  libellis, 
20  Victrix  Fortunae  Sapientia.     Ducimus  autem 

Hos  quoque  felices,  qui  ferre  incommoda  vitae, 

Nee  jactare  jugum,  vita  didicere  magistra. 

Quae  tarn  festa  dies,  ut  cesset  prodere  furem, 

Perfidiam,  fraudes,  atque  omni  ex  crimine  lucrum 
25  Quaesitum,  et  partes  gladio  vel  pyxide  numos  ? 

Rari  quippe  boni :  numerus  vix  est  totidem^  quot 

Thebarum  portse  vel  divitis  ostia  Nili. 


16.  TlaftMrnrmfiiMn.  R» 
Stupet  hac ;  iv.  1 19.  J7. 

17.  Four  consals  bearing  the  name  of 
Fonteiut  Capita  are  mentioned  in  the 
public  records :  (I)  in  A.  U.  720.  cf. 
Hon  1 8.  V.  32.  (2)  in  A.  U.  764  or  765. 
(3)  in  A.  U.  811  or  812.  cf.  Tac.  An. 
xiv.  1.  Plin.  ii.  70  i  72.  vii.  20.  Suet. 
Cal.  8.  (4)  in  A.  U.  819  or  820.  If  the 
second  or  these  is  meant,  the  Satire  would 
be  written  in  the  3rd  or  4th  year  of  Ves- 

Sasian  ;  if  the  third,  this  will  bring  the 
ate  of  the  Satire  as  low  down  as  the  2nd 
or  3rd  of  Hadrian  ;  if  the  fourth,  it  will 
be  still  later  in  the  same  reign,  cf.  157. 
xv.  27.  R.  LI.  PR. 

19.  Saerii.  Of  philosophy,  Cicero 
says,  ut  doHum  intfentumqtie  deorum .... 
^Ui  proTtus  divina  vu  . .  ..tt  animus di- 
vinus,  aut  deus,  S^c.  Cic.  T.  Q.  i.  26.  PR. 

20.  Cf.  1.  52  sq.  PR.  ih.  365  sq. 
vaUntiar  omniftntuna  ettanimu$»apit!ntu\ 
Sen.  Ep.  98.  M.  phiUnaplda  est  inexpug" 
nabilis  muruSt  quern  Fortuna  muUis  nm- 
chinis  laeessitum  non  transit  ;  ib.  82. 
Cato  Fortuna  victor ;  Manil.  Pythagoras 
first  adopted  the  name  of  ^iX«r«f«f ,  that 
of  r«^f  having  got  into  disrepute.  R. 

21.  £t  hoc  tpsum,  si  inteUigimus,  so- 
iatium  est,  aquo  ammo  perdere,  quod  peri- 
turum  erat ;  Sen.  Ep.  99.  SCH.  levius 
fit  patierUia,  quidq\iid  eorrigere  est  nrfas  ; 
Ilor.  I  Od.  xxiy.  19  sq.  superauda  omnis 

J'nrtuna  ferendo  est;    Virg.  M.  v.  710. 
Jeremiah  xxxi.  18.  Af. 

22.  A  metaphor  from  restive  oxen, 
which  endeavour  to  get  rid  of  the  yoke 
by  tossing  their  heads  about.  M,  cf.  vi. 
208,  note.  K.  ii^ech.  Pers.  199  sqq. 


Vita.  «'  To  know  That  which  bdm 
us  lies  in  daily  life  Is  the  prima  wiadom ;" 
Milton.  M. 

Magistra ;  Ov.  Her.  Z¥.  83.  (H.)  H. 

23.  '  What  day  is  not  profoned  by 
bringing  to  light  instances  of  all  sortf  of 
crime  V  H. 

25.  '  The  box,'  for '  the  poison'  tbociii 
contained.  PR.  Cic.  CoeL  25.  Suet.  Ncr. 
47.  R.ii.  141. 

26.  Lucian  calls  a  good  man  xA^ 
htetv^trsf,  and  sarcastically   add>.   v*^ 

•v)*  i  A.vymtvf  A9  ifyvMi  /f^Wf  ifsmwfkw 
§Zrt  »«i  fum^iw  §9.  u.  Sea.  £p.  42 
pr.  Ra 

Totidem*  There  is  some  allusion  ptr- 
hapa  to  the  number  of  the  seven  fafpee. 
VS.  MX^  fth  ym^  iurXHt,  wmfre^aurSt  Si 
«««•/'  Anon.  Auth.  in  Ar.  Eth.  ii.  6. 

27.  '  Thebes'  in  Bceotia,  which  was 
built  by  Cadmus,  had  seven  gates : 
lrriC«-vA«f  Qifin'  Hom.  II.  A  406.  Hea. 
O.  D.  16^.  iCsch.  8.  c.  Th.  Tliere  wa* 
also  eii&t  Alyv^rmi  \nmvifs99XM' 
Hom.  II.  I  383.  which  Busiria  built,  cf. 
XV.  6.  MeL  i.  9.  besides  several  towns 
of  less  note,  bearing  the  same  D«m«« 
LV.  R.  M. 

The  mouths  of  the  Nile  were  alao 
seven :  VS,  viz.  Canopic,  Bolbitine,  Se- 
bennyttc,  Phatnitic,  Mendesian,  Tanicic» 
and  Pelusiac.  SCH.  Strabo  xvii.  p.  801 
sq.  Plin.  V.  10  I  II.  {HA.)  Her.  u.  17. 
Diod.  i.  33.  Ath.  ii.  90.  {SW.)  whence 
the  Nile  is  called  sepien^uus :  Ov.  M. 
XV.  753.  septemplei  ;  Id.  v.  187.  ««p- 
temgeminus  ;  Virg.  JE.  vi.  801.  PR*  fi. 

•  Rich'  •  fertilizing.'  LU. 


SAT.  XIII.  OF  JUVENAL.  303 

Nona  setas  agitur  pejoraque  saecula  ferri 
Temporibus,  quorum  sceleri  non  invenit  ipsa 

30  Nomen  et  a  nuUo  posuit  Natura  metallo. 

Nos  hominum  Divumque  fidem  clamore  ciemus, 
Quanto  Fsesidium  laudat  vocalis  agentem 
Sportula.     Die  senior  bulla  dignissime,  nescis, 
Quas  habeat  Veneres  aliena  pecunia?  neseis, 

35  Quern  tua  simplicitas  risum  vulgo  moveat,  quum 
Exigis  a  quoquam,  ne  pejeret  et  putet  ullis 


28.  The  Greeks  divided  the  ages  of  31. '  Living  as  we  Jo  in  such  a  corrupt 

the  world  into  distinct  periods,  to  which  age,  how  can  we  be  so  foolish  as  to  fieel 

they  gave  names  from  the  metals,  begin-  or  express  surprise  at  any  thing  that  may 

ning  with  the  most  precious.    (1)  Gold,  happen?'  R.  pro  deAm  atque  hammum 

(2)  Silver,  (3)  The  mixed  metal  called  Jidtmt  was  a  common  exclamation  when 

'HJUsmn,  (4)  Brass,  (5)  Copper,  ^6)  any  thing  veiy  marvellous  occurred;  PR. 

Tin,  (7)  Lead,  (8)  Iron.    These  beioe  Af.  fuirt^§9  n*  notes  on  Her.  i.  210.  iii. 

now  exlaueted,  there  remained  but  Earth  62.  [Livy  xxii,  14 ;  xxviii,  28.  EDJ] 

or  Mod  for  the  race  then  existing.    Ac-  32.  Fcesidiui  we  only  know  from  this 

cording  to  other  authorities,  there  were  passage.  G. 

but  five  ages,  Hes.  O.  D.  lOd— -208.  '  The  largess  finds  them  tongues  to 

four,  Ov.  M.I.  89  sqq.  three,  A  rat.  cheer  him  as  he  pleads.'  cf.  x.  46.  M. 

Phoen.  lOOsqcKor  two,  Virg.  G.  i.  125  The  orators  in  those  days  were  inter- 

iqq.  LU,  PR*  n.  There  are  many  other  rupted  by  shouts  oteuge!  praelare!  bene! 

abstmae  interpretations,  none  of  which  belle!  red^!  pulcre!  r«^«f  !   (as  those  of 

aeem  latiBfactoiy.    Some  editors  adopt  a  modern  times  by  bursts  of  *'  Hear !  hear !") 

different  reading  muie ;  BOI,  prefers  non  The  obtaining  such  vehement  applause  by 

miim.     The  eight-fold  division,  above  bribes  was  neither  a  new  nor  a  singular 

given,  wanta  confirmation.  R»    Accord-  practice.  It  was  adopted  by  poets  as  well 

log  to  Pliny  (L  33  sqq.  ad  Jin,)   there  as  orators,   quod  tarn  grande  "  r«^!" 

were  eight  metals  :    vix.  aurum,  ar»  clamat  tibi  turfxi  togata,  non  tu,  Fomponi, 

gaium,  en,  eUeirum,  orithalcum,  stan*  ccmaduerUituaesti  MuLVUxlvnu  non 

mmm,  ptwrnkum,  ferrum  ;  see  Steph.  Th.  ego  ventosa  plebit  suffragia  venor  impensit 

L*.  Gr«  6102,  ed.  Valp.    Still,  I  think,  a  easnarum  et  tritce  munere  vettit ;  Hor.  I  Ep. 

more  simple  plan  would  be  to  adhere  to  xix.  31  aq,  laudicoeni  tequuntur,  con- 

tlM  common  seven-fold  division,  (espe-  dueti  et  redemti  mancipes,  auditores  aetori- 

cially  after  the  reference  to  se  v e n  gates  bus  timiUs,  qui  ternis  denariis  ad  laudan- 

mud  seven  mouths,)  and  to  assign  the  dum  irahuntur.  et  tamen  erescit  indies  iUa 

following  sense  to  the  text  as  it  stands:  faeditas:  in  media  basilica  sportula  dantur 

*  So  noeh  worse  is  the  present  age  than  palam  ut  in  trielinio:  tanti  constat  ut  sis 

that  of  i  r  o  n,  that  it  eannot  come  next  to  disertissimus :  hoe  pretio  subsellia  implentur, 

it ;  it  ia  at  least  two  degrees  worse  ;  if  hoc  infiniti  clamores  eommoventur.  primus 

the  soventhbe  iron»  this  must  certainly  hunc  morem  induxit  Liciniust  ut  auditores 

be  the  ninth  :  and  we  have  no  metal  ecrrof^aret ;  Plin. ii.  14.  GR,  PR,  «'M«rAf 

whereby  to  designate  it.    Though  it  be  ^at^ter§s    iXniSg    t^nf  UiTm^.    3ertf 

yerrecprwrMM  and /irrrea  is  the  seventh,  itswfiiti  rm  im^—^aftiuvt^    n*  2*  «»«• 

stiU  I  cannot  reckon  this  as  other  than  ynmf»if  »a\  w^rrmt   oUah    ^if^xif,  ut 

the  ninth.'  duebus  ig^wr  summit,  Crasso  m&rh  rnwirt  rnv  tlin*  futfinr  Ep.  in  Br. 

et  Antemio,  L.  PhUippus  proximus  aeee-  An.  t.  u.  p.  331.  R. 

debat,9ed  Umgointervallo  tamen  proximus.  33.  Sportula;   i.  95,  note.  PR,    One 

ttafiie  fifiii,  etti  nemo  intorcedebat,  qui  se  hundred  quadrantes  amount  to  twenty 

iUi  antrferret,  neque   secundum    tamen,  pence  nearly :  G,  193(1 .     Three  denarii 

ne^ue  tertttcm  dixerim ;  Cic  de  CI.  Or.  47.  would  be  nearly  two  shillings :  Is.  1 1  }d. 

cf.  Hor.  I  Od.  ziL  17—20.  BuUa ;  164,  note.  VS. 


304  THE  SATIRES  sat-  xiii. 

Esse  aliquod  numen  templis  aroeque  rubenti? 
Quondam  hoc  indigenae  vivebant  more,  prius  quam 
Sumeret  agrestem  posito  diademate  falcem 
40  Saturnus  fugiens ;  tunc,  quum  virguncula  Juno, 
Et  privatus  adhuc  Idseis  Jupiter  antris. 
Nulla  super  nubes  convivia  Coelicolarum, 
Nee  puer  Iliacus,  Formosa  nee  Herculis  uxor 
/  Ad  cyathos,  et  jam  siccato  nectare  tergens 

'     45  Brachia  Vulcanus  Liparaea  nigra  taberna. 

37.  <  Red'  with  the  blood  of  victimB.  ^r««7lSf«iM»,  mJ  itw  huifn  mMn  rSh 
VS.  hutrwXMf  kmfn^imt  kfAt  «w*  mAktmm  um 

38.  Quondam  *  in  the  golden  age.'  cf.  I«vr«'««'a^(»#i«  ^iXSraj  ^imilv  h  tSf  Mv 
▼i.  1  tqq.  LU»  4  f^4rti^  rv  miimt  ^tXtimmt  M  rm  itwfUkm 

*  The  Aborigines.'  LU^  umn^Xmftiwf  ri  w^iwmwn. . .  .  J  Tmtwfn^ 

39.  Saturn,  after  he  was  expelled  from  )«#  h  j»«T«sn^«'fi«r  mZht  U  ^  'lie** 
his  throne  by  Jupiter,  taught  mankind  mmtm^U  y»^  »«)  /•MiiarvXtr.  ».  t.  X. 
the  arts  of  husbandry.  LU,  PR.  cf.  Oy.  HPA.  fS*  »«)  x**^*-  ^  ^^-  '/"f**^*^* 
M.  i.  89  M|q.  M.  ff V ,  exc.  on  Virg.  M.  »m)  •!  )«»t»X««  avrw  ini^w  rnt  #ir  s^- 
Tii.  and  viii.  314—329.  This  fable  is  »$$,  »«)  k^^iXw  fu^rif  Uw.  mm}  mwrtfi 
founded,  probably,  on  the  fall  of  man  and  i^St  uhrir  ....  waXm  }ii  ^x  ^'*f^f  ^*^ 
hu  doom  to  till  the  ground  :  Oen.  iii.  r«.  §IA'  §i  ^rntwtSs  «U*  4  nAfutn  ivirM* 

40.  Before  the  marriage  of  Jupiter  wit  ri  ftm  §lx^  ^tnn  r«^*  «^«»  Luc.  u. 
and  Juno.  LC7.  Jovt  nondum  barbato'y  D.  v.  4  k<].  and  a^aio  Si^Urt  ftfytitt*^  «riA- 
vi.  15  sq.  M.  Juno  was  SatUfn's  eldest  Xh  aliiXnt  M  r§w  r^m«i»  fx«»<«*  '^ 
child.  XV.  1. /{.    Under  the&e  circumstancas,  it 

41.  Jupiter  was  concealed  in  the  caves  will  be  best  to  content  ourselves  with  IIm 
of  Ida  by  his  mother  Rhea,  that  Saturn  most  simple  exposition :  that '  After  the 
might  not  devour  him,  as  he  was  bound  nectar  had  been  all  drained  ftvm  the 
to  do  by  his  compact  with  Titan  his  bro>  bowl,  Vulcan  wiped  his  arms,  black  from 
ther.  LU.  Cic.  N.  D.  ii.  63  sqq.  PR.  his  Liparasan  workshop.*  To  throw  the 
There  were  two  mountains  of  the  name  of  greater  ridicule  over  these  celestial  com- 
Ida,  this  in  Crete,  and  another  in  Phrygia,  potations,  and  to  make  at  the  same  tiDC. 
Prop.  III.  i.  27.  {PAS.)  Apoll.  I.  L  1.  the  widest  contrast  between  Vulcan  and 
extr.  (HY.)  R,  Her.  vii.  42,  note.  the  fair  cup-bearer  just  mentbned,  the 

42.  <  There  were  no  banqueting  and  former  is  represented  as  coming  hot  from 
carousals*  at  that  time.  LU.  the  forge,  and  not  even  having  the  ^ood 

43.  Cf.  Prop.  IV.  viii.  37.  Hor.  I  Od.  manners  to  make  himself  decent  and  tidj, 
zxiz.  8.  (ML)  R.  Cic.  T.  Q.  i.  PR,  till  the  banquet  and  his  services  were 

Puer  *  Ganymede.'  VS.  v.  59.  LU.  over.     He  did  then  make  himself  ao  far 

Uxor  *  Hebe,'  r5.  the  goddess  of  youth,  comfortable  as  to  rub  the  sweat  and  loot 

and  Juno's  daughter.    Her  removal  from  off  his  bare  arms,  but  not  till  then,  [livj 

the  office  of  cup-bearer  and  the  sppoint-  iii,  26.  £D.] 

ment  of  Ganymede,  was  one  cause  of        *  Nectar*  the  drink  of  the  gods,  ts 

Juno's  bitter  hatred  of  the  Trojans.  LU.  *  ambrosia*  was  their  food,   "pottm  nectar, 

cf.  Pind.  N.  i.  100 — 112.  amhroMm^  epulas  eomparmtt;  M  eiif  Jk- 

44.  Cyathot ;  Her.  iii.  130,  note.  ventutem  out  Gonymedem  poeuia  winli- 
These  words  are  very  difficult  to  be  trantem;  Cic  N.  D.  i.  113.  Apul.  M«t. 

explained,  and  have  not  been  understood  6.  Ath.  ii.  2.  Macr.  in  S.  Sc.  i.  12.  PH. 

by  any   of  the  interpreters.     Compare  cf.  Hom.  11.  A  597  sqq.  Od.  I  9  sq.  R. 
however  x.  130  sqq.  v.  52^62.  ZETX.        45.  Liparga;  i.  8,  note.  x.  132.  PR* 

«)»*R^c<#r«f  Hm  «->»  r«f  ip/j»  «/m:^«i7v  A/kTv  cf.  Virg.  i£.  viii.  416  sqq.  (HIT.)  M. 

X»/Xtu^T»,  In  r«r  nmfiium  j{»«9T«,  In  r*f»  Call.  H.  in  Dian.  47.  (5P.)  Hom.  II.  A 

rvivAi^f    AfJiwXun,    i^rt   rtif   irv^my^mv  594.  (KP.)  R,  A 


SAT.  XIII.  OF  JUVENAL.  305 

Prandebat  sibi  quisque  Deus  nee  turba  Deorum 
Talis,  ut  est  hodie,  contentaque  sidera  paucis 
Numinibus  miserum  urguebant  Atlanta  minori 
Pondere.     Nondum  aliquis  sortitus  triste  profundi 

50  Imperium :  aut  Sieula  torvus  cum  conjuge  Pluton ; 
Nee  rota  nee  Furia;  nee  saxum  aut  vulturis  atri 
Pcena ;  sed  infernis  hilares  sine  regibus  umbrae. 
Improbitas  illo  fuit  admirabilis  a;vo. 
Credebant  hoc  grande  nefas  et  niorte  piandum, 

55  Si  juvenis  vetulo  non  adsurrexerat  et  si 

46.  This  is  a  severe  satire  on  the  Pagan  Prometheus,  for  stealing  fire  from  heaven, 
Polytheism.  PR,  cf.  Plin.  ii.  7.  Cic.  N.  was  sentenced  to  a  like  punishment.  PR, 
D. /2.    The  heathen  deities  amounted  to    yEsch.  Pr.  V. 

mbove  thirty  thousand.     M,      But  our  52.  Without  Pluto  and  Proserpine  to 

author  had  a  further  and  more  important  occupy  their  throne  ;  and  without  iEacus, 

end  in  view ;  for  his  satire  in  directly  MinoSp  Rhadamanthus  and  Triptolemus 

ferelled  at  the  frequent  apotheoses  of  the  to  preside  in  their  courts.  LU,  R, 

Ccsan,  io  which  the  base  and   abject  53.  '  And  vice  was  then  as  rare  ai 

herd  of  Rome  contentedly  acquiesced,  virtue  now.'  R, 

llic  deify  io?  of  such  characters,  and  of  a  54.  '  Any  deficiency   of   respebt  to- 

moltitude  of  imaginary  beings  little  less  wards  one's  elders  was  a  capital  ofTcncc.* 

odious  lod  contemptible,  is  alleged  by  LU. 

implication,  as  the  prime  cause  of  the  55.  Cf.  Job  zxix.  8.  M,    Vug.  E.  vi. 

Increased  depravity  of  the  times.      To  66.  (HY.)  Claud,  xzi.  48.  (K.)  Gell.  ii. 

have  spoken  plainer  would  have  been  15.  Tyrt.  p.  139.  (/CL.)  R.    All  profane 

mmfe;    to  have  left  the  subject   un-  and  sacred  history  supports  Juvenal  in 

touched,  unlike  our  author.  G.  his  assertion  respecting  the  reverence  an- 

47.  Cf.  Romans  i.  21 — 32.  M.  ciently  paid  to  old  age.  It  was  synonymous 
49.  The  three  sons  of  Saturn  divided  with  power:  it  continued  so,  vihile  men 

tfaeworld  between  them.  Jupiter  ascended  led  a  pastoral  life ;  nor  did  they  know 

the  throne  of  heaven,  Neptune  became  any  other  judge  or  leader  than  the  aged, 

king  of  the  tea,  and  Pluto  had  for  his  till  a  thirst  for  rapine  spread  amongst 

domaio,  the  infernal  realms.  VS.  them,  and  wisdom  and  justice  were  com- 

60.  Pluto  married  Proserpine  (the  pelled  to  give  way  to  activity,  strength, 
daofhtcrof  Jupiter  and  Ceres)  whom  he  and  brutal  ferocity.  Solomon,  by  a 
earned  off  from  the  plains  of  Henna  in  beautiful  figure,  calls  a  virtuous  old  age 
Sicihf.  LU.  "  a  crown  of  glory  :"  Prov.  zvi.  31.  and 

'  Grim :'  *aUiu  JkfttiXdxf  A)*  St^tifuur'  even  so  early  as  the  days  of  Aloses,  we 

vtff  *  wAma  md  rt  fi^tUn  ttmv  t^ttwrtt  find  this  attention  to  age  the  subject  of  a 

^tnbrwr  Hem.  11.  1  158  sq.  R.  positive  command :  "  Thou  shalt  rise  up 

61.  Ct  ii.  149  tqq.  R,  Ixion  was  beforethehoaryhead,  and  honour  the  face 
boimd  on  a  wheel  and  tormented  with  oftheold  man;"  Levit.  xix.  32.  «/2ii>/«i 
makes,  for  vresuminfr  to  make  love  to  ir§Xj§»f§rm^«vs  i7«iiv  il  yi^turtf  filing  ««2 

Juno  S   Ujf.F.  63.  LU.  yt^amf  rmfrtf  y*Aif  V  «r«XcM-«»  r^ir/^ 

The  Funes  (vii.  68.)  were  the  daugh-  i/u«Xi»«    ir»r^t   Itrnt   TtfUtti   yl^m^f 

ten  of  Acheron  and  Night.  PR,  Phocy  1.  fr.  And  even  among  our  author's 

SUmkiu  was  doomed,  for  his  robberies  countrymen,  long  after  the  golden  period 

and  nands,  to  roll  up  hill  a  huge  stone  of  which  he  speaks,  age  was  no  le.>s  vene- 

which  always  rolled  back  into  the  plain,  rated  than  venerable  :  magna  fuit  qumt- 

Jf^  LU.  dam  capitii  retferentia  cani,  inqite  sua jiretio 

TtTyos,  for  offering  violence  to  Latona,  ruga  senilit  erat. . . .  ct  mediusjuvenum, 

was  (woiBed  to  have  his  liver  mangled  by  lum  indigtiantibuM  ipsis,  ibat;  et  interior, 

a  TUltwe :  Virg.  X..  vi.  596  sqq.  LU.  si  coma  unus  erat,    verba  quis  auderet 

2r 


806 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  XIII. 


Barbato  cuicumque  puer,  licet  ipse  videret 
Plura  domi  fraga  et  majores  glandis  acenros. 
Tarn  venerabile  erat,  praecedere  quatuor  annis, 
Primaque  par  adeo  sacr»  lanugo  senectee  I 

60  Nunc,  si  depositum  non  infitietur  amicus. 
Si  reddat  veterem  cum  tota  eerugine  follem, 
Prodigiosa  fides  et  Tuscis  digna  libellis, 
Quseque  coronata  lustrari  debeat  agna. 
Egregium  sanctumque  virum  si  cerno,  bimembri 

65  Hoc  monstrum  puero  aut  miranti  sub  aratro 


roram  une  digna  rubare  dictre  t  censuram 
longa  unecta  dabat,  Ov.  F.  v.  57  &c. 
AmoDg  our  poets,  it  would  be  difRcuIt  to 
find  a  more  beautiful  passage  on  the 
subject  tbau  this,  which  is  evidently 
taken  from  the  text :  **  Colaz.  It  is  an 
impious  age.  There  was  a  time,  (And 
pity  'tis  so  good  a  time  had  wings  To  fly 
away.)  when  reverence  was  paid  To  the 
gray  head :  'twas  held  a  sacrilege  Not 
expiable,  to  deny  respect  to  one  of  years 
and  gravity ;"  Muses'  Looking  Glass. 
To  which  may  be  added  the  following 
apposite  passage  :  "  Kkowell.  When 
I  was  young,  he  lived  not  in  the  stews, 
Durst  have  conceived  a  scorn,  and  ut- 
tered it,  On  a  gray  head  :  age  was  autho- 
rity Against  a  giber ;  and  a  man  had  then 
A  certain  reverence  paid  unto  his  yeaiB, 
That  had  none  due  unto  his  life :  so 
much.  The  sanctity  of  some  prevailed  for 
others !  But  now  we  all  are  fallen ; 
youth  from  their  fear.  And  age  from  that 
which  bred  it,  good  example;"  Every 
Man  in  his  Humour.  This  is,  indeed, 
what  Dryden  calls  "  invading  the  an- 
cients like  a  monarch  :"  it  is  not  a  theft, 
but  a  victory.  G. 

56.  Barbatus  is  used  in  the  same  sense 
as  in  vi.  16.  for  one  '  no  longer  beard- 
less.' cf.  vi.  105.  R. 

57.  These  were  the  only  riches  of  a 
race  that  lived  on  fruits  andf  berries.  VS. 
vi.  10.  R. 

Fraga ;  Plin.  xxi.  15.  PR. 
Glandis ;   Plin.  xvi.  -pr,  3.  5.  PR.  Id, 
xviii.  7  sq.  R, 

58.  Cf.  V.  Max.  ii.  1.  Cell.  ii.  15. 
PR, 

59.  '  The  chin's  first  down  and  the 
hoary  locks  of  age  were  treated  with  like 
deference    by  their  respective  juniors.' 


60.  Ut  nunc  sunt  mora,  si  quu  euid 
Teddit,  magna  habenda  tit  gnUkt',  Ter. 
Ph.  I.  ii.  5  sq.  M, 

61.  A  sign  it  had  never  been  touched, 
although  it  had  been  so  long  in  has  keep- 
ing. PR.  LU. 

JErugo  ts  properly  <  the  nut  of  braa,* 
rubigo  *  that  of  iron  :'  VS.  but  see  148. 

Auis  is  *  a  leathern  money-bmg.*  ziv. 
281.  SA.  Veget.  ii.  20.  Plaut.  Anl.  II. 
iv.  23.  A. 

62.  The  juggling  irti  of  divinatioo, 
which  were  practised  by  the  Pelasgiaos, 
came  to  Rome  through  Tuscany.  The 
marvellous  events  of  the  year  were  regit- 
tered  by  the  soothsayers  in  their  rcconls, 
that  they  might  be  duly  expimtad,  if 
they  portended  divine  displeasure.  LU, 
cf.  Pers.  ii.  26  sqq.  Cic.  de  Div.  ii.  50  iqq. 
PR.libn  Etruuwrum;  ib.23.  Etnaom 
disciplina  wAumina;  Plin.  it.  83  t  86. 
R. 

64.  Egrtgium  '  distinguished  firom  the 
common  herd.'  M.  si,  qnod  ran  Jit,  id 
portentum  putandum  est;  tapinttm  mm, 
partenium  mi :  sapius  §nim  mutam  pf|M- 
risse  arbitrtnr,  quam  sapientemfuiMm ;  Cic, 
de  Div.  ii.  28.  PR. 

Bimembri ;  either '  with  double  limbi,' 
PR.  or '  half  man  and  half  beast ;'  as  the 
Centaurs,  the  Minotaur,  &c«  SCH.  cf. 
Liv.  xxvii.  11.  xli.  26.  A.  We  hive 
recently  witnessed  a  most  extraordinary 
instance  of  a  similar  kind,  in  the  case  oif 
the  Siamese  twins. 

65.  For  other  examples  of  himhu,  see 
i.  151,  and  note.  A. 

Miranti ;  sense  is  attributed  to  an  in- 
animate object ;  as  in  the  ezprenioiis 
irato  sistro,  esuriens  rowui  olivm,  ^c.  and 
the  prodigy  is  enhanced  by  making  the 
very  plough  wonder  thereat.  Bttt,  0« 
R. 


SAT.  XIII.  OF  JUVENAL.  307 

l^iscibus  inventis  et  fetae  comparo  mulacy 
Sollicitus,  tamquam  lapides  effiiderit  imber 
Examenve  apium  longa  consederit  uva 
Culmine  delubri,  tamquam  in  mare  fluxerit  amnis 

70  Gui^tibus  miris  et  lactis  vortice  torrens. 

Intercepta  decern  quereris  sestertia  fraude 
Sacrilega?    Quid  si  bis  centum  perdidit  alter 
Hoc  arcana  modo  ?  majorem  tertius  ilia 
Summam,  quam  patulae  vix  ceperat  angulus  arcse  ? 

75  Tarn  facile  et  pronum  est,  superos  contemnere  testes. 
Si  mortalis  idem  nemo  sciat !    Adspice,  quanta 
Voce  neget !  quae  sit  ficti  constantia  vultus ! 
Per  Solis  radios  Tarpeiaque  fulmina  jurat 
Et  Martis  frameam  et  Cirrhaei  spicula  vatis, 

80  Per  calamos  venatricis  pharetramque  Puellae 


66.  PueUntii   cf.  Theophr.  de  Pise.  72.    About  £1615.    irm9rm  yit^  rk 

Plin.u.  57  f  83.  (ff J.)  Strab.xii.i£l.  /uii**'  H  xU^^i  m  Arux^^m^  Axxtit 

V«  H.  Tiii.  SCH.  Liv.  xiii.  2.  R,  I  have  y*y§w'T  Ivft^vfUPH .  rit  mur^t  «vr«u  ^ifM- 

been  told  that  imaU  fishes  have  been  (ffkt  ff^f  ^i^u*  Timoc.  in  Atb.  vi.  1. 

ionDd  io  India  at  a  considerable  distance  /i. 

from  tbesea  (of  which  they  were  natives),  73.  Arcana  *  deposited  without  a  wit- 

and  weie  soppoaed  to  have  been  carried  ness  to  the  fact.*  LU. 

inlaud  by  the  fiolence  of  the  winds.  My  74.  '  Of  a  capacious  strong  box.'  LU, 

infonnant  was  a  person  of  veracity  and  x.  25,  note. 

profcfd  to  have  Dten  an  eye-witness  of  75.  '  So  prone  are  mortals  to  despise 

tlie  CmI.  the  gods,  wno  are  witnesses  to  all  ttieir 

'  A  mule  with  foal.'  Plin.  viii.  44  «  69.  actions ;  if  they  can  but  hide  them  from 


ssxTii.  3.  Ariit.  H.  A.  vi.  24.  R.  Her.  ».  r.  A.  Luc.  Tim.  2.  H. 

iiL  1631.  77.    Kum  ^us  color  pttdoriM  *ignum 

67.  LapUUt:  cf.  liv.  i.  31.  vii.  28.  uaquamindieatl  Ter.  And.  V.  iii.  7.  VS. 
xxt.  63.  xjui.  36.  xxiu.  31.  xxv.  7.  &c.  78.  «  The  Sun*s  rays.'  cf.  Virg.  JE,  iii. 
B.  Plin.  ii.  58.  zxzi.  1.  V.  Max.  i.  6.  599  sq.  M. 

PR.  '  The  thunder-boltsof  Capitoline  Jove.' 

68.  Btr^iltf'  Horn.  II.  B  89.  jamque  VS, 

mrban  mmtma   eonjluere   et   leuti*  uvam  79.  Framea  is  properly  '  the  pike'  used 

JtmitUn  roMis;    Virg.  G.  iv.  557  mj.  by  the  Germans.    Tac.  6.  {LI.)  liRL 

Plin.  zL  17.  (HA.)  Fit  Virg.  AL  vii.  According  to  others  it  is  *  a  sword.*  Isid. 

64  sqq.  Liv.  iv.  33.  {DR.)  apium  for  and  August.  £p.  cxx.  16.  R. 

«^pHM;  Sil.vuL633Bqq.  Tac.  An.  xii.  64.  Apollo  was  worshipped  at  Cirrlia  in 

(£R.)  R«  Amm.  Marc*  xviii.  3.  G.  Phocis  near  the  foot  of  Parnassus,  aod 

70.  Rivera  were  sometimes  said  to  run  not  far  from  Delphi,  LU.  PR,  of  which 
whb  Uood.  Cic  d*  Div.  ii.  68.  Liv.  xxii.  it  was  the  port.  Thus  he  is  called  Deliin 
1.  xaiT.  10. 44.  XXTL  23.  xxziv.  45.  V.  votes ;  Virg.  JK.  vi.  12.  R, 

Max.  i.  6.  Plin*.  iL  56.  Pit  K.  Virg.  G.  80.  '  The  quiver  and  darU  of  Diana 

i.  485.  Dio  Izii.  1.  JA.  the  virgin  huntress.'  Cic.  N.  D.  iii.  PU, 

71.  About  £80.  H.  Tib.  L  iv.  25.  R. 


308 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  XIII 


Perque  tuum,  pater  ^gsei  Neptune,  tridentem ; 

Addit  et  Herculeos  arcus  hastamque  Minerrae, 

Quidquid  habent  telorum  armamentaria  coeli. 

Si  vero  et  pater  est,  **  G>medam"  inquit  '<  flebile  nati 
85  Sinciput  elixi  Pharioque  madentis  aceto." 

Sunt,  in  Fortunse  qui  casibus  omnia  ponant        . , 

Et  uullo  credant  mundum  rectore  gioyeri,    ^^t-^/^ 

Natura  volvente  vices  et  lucis  et  anni ; 

Atque  ideo  intrepidi  quascumque  altaria  tangunt. 
90  Est  alius,  metuens  ne  crimen  pcena  sequatur : 

Hie  putat  esse  Deos  et  pejerat  atque  ita  secum : 

*^  Decemat,  quodcumque  volet,  de  corpore  nostro 


L>* 


r. 


81.  Neptune's  chief  residence  was  in 
theiEgean  sea,  which  was  so  named  after 
^geus,  king  of  Athens,  (the  father  of 
Theseus,)  who  drowned  himself  therein. 
Hyg.  F.  16.  UK  PR.  cf.  vi.  394.  Hor. 
II  Ud.  xvi.  2.  Virg.  JE.  xii.  366.  iii.  74. 

*  The  trident'  is  also  an  attribute  of 
Nereus:  Virg.  A),  ii.  418.  11, 

82. '  The  bow,  and  the  arrows'  dipped 
in  the  blood  of  the  Lern«an  hydra,  with- 
out which,  the  Fates  had  decreed,  Troy 
could  uot  be  captured.  Tiie  demigod 
bequeathed  them  to  Philoctetes.  Soph. 
Ph.  6C7i.  PU,  Virg.  AO.  iii.  402.  M, 
Hyg.  F.  102.  7?. 

Minerva  had  the  name  of  Pallas  from 
raXXiif  '  to  poice'  tlie  spear.  PR. 

84.  '  If  I  speak  false,  may  I  feed  on 
such  a  horrid  banquet  as  Thyestes,  LU. 
PR.  and  Uarpagus.'  Her.  i.  119. 

Mist-rabile  sinciput ;  Sidon.  v.  418.  R. 

85.  Sinciput  i.  e.  $emicaput.  M.  It 
also  means  the  whole  head :  Plant.  Men. 
III.  ii.  41.  IV.  ii.  69.  R. 

*  The  vinepar  of  Kgypt'  was  very 
puDgcnt,  and  in  high  esteem.  Ath.  ii.  26. 
LU,  amphora  Niliiici  non  sit  tibi  vilis 
aceti;  Mart.  XIII.  cxxii.  PR. 

86.  Such  arc  the  Epicureans,  who 
appear  ignorant  of  that  truth  which 
Seneca  has  stated:  nutura,  futumt  for- 
tuHOf  caiUSf  sunt  omnia  unius  et  ejuuitm 
Dei  nomina  ;  de  Prov.  LU.  (Hence  Lac- 
taniius  praises  Seneca  as  (he  wisest  of 
Stoics.)  Such  also  was  Diagoras.  Of 
these  persons  Cicero  says,  eae  deos  ita 
perspicuum  e«t,  ut  qui  neget,  vix  eum  santB 
merUis  existimem  ;  de  N.  1).  ii.  44.  PR. 
Plin.  ii.  7.     Plut.  de  PI.  Ph.  i.     Claud. 


Ruf.  i.  1  sqq.  (B.)  /?.  It  woald  be  wdl 
if  the  dreamers  on  virtuous  comnmnitiet 
of  atheists  would  seriously  meditmte  oo 
such  passages  as  these.  It  would  be 
paying  the  roost  moral  unbeliever  of  the 
present  day  no  small  complimeDt,  per- 
haps, if  he  were  allowed  to  rank  with 
Juvenal  in  virtue :  yet  Juvenal  could  we 
that  this  was  insufficient  to  control  the 
vicious  propensities  of  mankind  ;  which 
can  only  be  held  in  order,  by  the  sdemo 
conviction  that  there  is  an  eye  which 
marks  their  ways ;  an  overseer,  who,  to 
the  sublime  language  of  Callimachoa,  it 
seated,  «««ftr  Iv  itT$xitw9if,  Wi'^ttt  •!  vi 

Ifiuvty^iv.  O.  Among  the  iiluminati  of 
the  present  day  may  be  reckoned  the 
philanthropist  of  Lanark,  who,  haviiif 
borrowed  a  leaf  from  the  book  of  the 
heathen  philosophers  referred  to  by  Peley, 
(Kv.  pt  1.  ch.  i.  in  the  words  of  Gibboo ;) 
ciiallenges  the  whole  religious  world  to 
controvert  and  disprove  his  thesis,  that 
'  All  religions  arc  equally  false!  aed 
nearly  equally  mischievous!* 

87.  Qui  deum  in  natura  non  videm, 
non  solum  ratume  carent  sed  eliam  wnsu  ; 
A  vice  n.  LU.  See  the  Epicurean  Dotioot 
in  Hor.  I  S.  v.  101  sqq.  M.  and  mora 
fully  developed  in  the  magnificent  poem 
of  Lucretiuji. 

88.  Inteltigamut  nihil  harum  tu§  fir^ 
tuitum,  sed  here  omnia  esse  jrrcvidtt  soUr* 
iisque  iMtura  ;  Cic.  de  N.  D.  ii.  128. 
PR.  Virg.  JE.  ui.  376.  Claud.  Rnf.  L 
6.  ( B.)  R.  See  the  history  of  the  CraetioB 
on  the  fourth  day :  Gen.  i. 

89.  Virg.  i¥^.  iv.  vi.  zii.  Macr.  iii.  3. 
SCH.  cf.  xiv.  219.  R, 


SAT.  XIII.  OF  JUVENAL.  309 

Isis  et  irato  feriat  mea  lumina  sistro, 
Dummodo  vel  caecus  teneam,  quos  abnego,  numos. 
95  £t  phthisis  et  vomicse  putres  et  dimidium  cms 
Sunt  tanti  ?    Pauper  locupletem  optare  podagram 
Ne  dubitet  Ladas,  si  non  eget  Anticyra  nee 
Archigene.     Quid  enim  velocis  gloria  plantse 
Praestftt  et  esuriens  Pisaese  ramus  oliva;  ? 
100  Ut  sit  magna,  tamen  certe  lenta  ira  Deorum  est. 

93.  On  the  wonhip  of  Isis,  see  Ti.  526.  96.  LoeupUtem  'with  i  full  purse/ 

489.  &c.  ziL  28.  Tib.  I.  iii.  23  sqq.  (HF.)  PR,  and  which  is  '  a  very  frequent  con- 

Blindness  wis  thought  to  be  the  usual  comitant  of  wealth.'   LC/.    Mart.  XII. 

punishment  for  perjury,  and  to  be  inflicted  xvii.  Luc.  £p.  zzvii.  in  Br.  An.  t  ii. 

by  this  goddeas.  Ot.  Am.  iii.  1  sq.  Pont.  p.  313.  R, 

I«  i.  51  sqq.  Apul.  Met.  TiiL  p.  213,  9.  97.  Ladas  waa  a  victorious  runner  at 

Anth.  Gr.  L  ii.pt.  ii.  p.  466.  (^JA,)  JB,  the  Olympic  games,  in  the  time  of  Alez- 

Puith.  i£g.  L  i.  p.  1 1 1  aq.  t.  ii.  p.  3  sqq.  ander  the  great.    VS.   Solin.  6.  SCH, 

PR,  R.   Pen.  ▼.  186.  T.    There  is  a  Paus.  II.  xix.  6.  Ill.zxi.  1.  VIII.  zii. 

propriety  in  this,  which  has  not  been  3.  X.  zziii.  9.  Cic.  to  Her.  iv.  Mart, 

generally  noticed.   Blindness  is  a  disease  X.  c.  5.  PR,  Id.  ii.  86.   Cat.  Iv.  25.  /?. 

more  fre<|[uent  in  Egypt  than  elsewhere :  '  If  he  be  not  stark  mad.'  M,  Anticyra 

iu  infliction,  therefore,  is  rightly  assigned  was  an  island  of  Phocis,  in  the  Crissean 

to  an  Egyptian  deity.    Travellers  still  gulf,  celebrated  for  its  black  hellebore, 

•peak  with  astonishment  of  the  numerous  which  was  considered  a  very  efficacious 

hospitals  for  the  blind,  to  be  found  in  medicine  in  cases  of  insanity.  Pers.iv.  16. 

every  part  of  that  country.    The  evil  is  LI/.  Hor.  II  S.  iii.  83.  166.  M,  Id.  A. 

proMbly  occasioned,  in  great  measure,  P.  300.  Cell.  zvii.  15.  Plin.  zxv.  5s21. 

oy  the  nitrons  quality  of  the  air,  and  by  {HA.)    There  was  also  a  town  of  this 

those  dreadful  typhons,  or  whirlwinds,  name  in  Phthiotis,  on  the  Maliac  gulf, 

which  sweep  before  them  an  impalpable  which  produced  the  same  plant.  Paus. 

send,  so  that  it  pierces  the  lachrymal  x.  36.   Steph.  Byz.  Strab.  ix.  p.  288  sq. 

^land  like  a  flake  of  flying  6re.     And,  299.  R. 

indeed,  when  no  wind  prevails,  if  the  eye  98.  '  Arehigenes,  to  breathe  a  vein.' 

be  extended  over  the  smooth  and  arid  vi.  46.  236.  PR. 

plains  which  lie  at  a  certain  distance  '  A  man  cannot  live  upon  empty  fame.' 

ffrooi  the  Nile,  while  the  sun  is  at  any  LU.  FA, 

greet  elevation,  it  is  affected  by  a  tremu-  99.  '  The  hungry  branch  of  Pisa's 

Ions  motion  in  the  air,  just  as  if  it  were  olive  crown.'    The  Olympic  games  were 

looking  It  the  flercest  flame.  G.  Note  on  celebrated  every  fifth  year,  in  the  ezten- 

Her.  iii.  1.  sive  plain  on  the  banks  of  the'Alpheus, 

SiMTT^  is  derived  from  niiuf .  T,  per  between  Elis  and  Pisa.  BRL    The  prize 

anguMiam  lantinam,  in  modum  baltei  recur'  was  an  olive  chaplet.  LU.  Pans.  V.  xv. 

twfaai,  tr^eettB  media   pauca  virgulc,  3.  xvi.  2.  &c.  cf.  Barthel.  Voy.  du  J. 

efiqmnit  braehio  tergtminos  jactus,  red-  An.  38.  R. 

debmnt  argutum  torurem ;  Apul.  Met.  zi.  100.  I^nto  quidem  gradu  ad  viudictam 

^  258,  33.  cf.  Plut.  Is.  and  Os.  63.  divinaproceditira,bedtardilatem  supplieii 

Tib.  I.  iii.  24.  (B/C.  HY.)    Isid.  Or.  ii.  gravitate  compensat ;  V.  Max.  I.  i.  eit.  3. 

21.  iiL  13.  Virg.  JE.  viii.  696.  (SF.)  Plut.  d«  T.  Num.  Vind.  LC^.  ;' Because 

pBtr.  1 14.  Prop.  III.  iz.  43.    A  figure  sentence  against  an  evil  work  is  not  exe* 

of  it  is  given  by  GRU,  Inscr.  p.  82.  n.  3  cuted  speedily,  therefore  the  heart  of  the 

aq.  R.  sons  of  men  is  fully  set  in  them  to  do 

95.  Consumption  and  malignant  im-  evil;"  Eccles.  viii.   11.   M.    xc*'"  f^* 

posthnmes  are  also  common  in  Egypt.  G.  rk  rSh  i*Sf  wmt,  lU  riX«f  V  §um  JtHttn' 

'  I  would  run  the  chance  of  being  sickly  Eur.  Ion.  1615.  Plato  de  Le^.  z.   Plin. 

and  rich,  rather  thin  have  health  with  ii.7.  Tib.I.  iz.  4.  {IIY.)  Pirs.  ii.24sqq. 

poverty.'  K5.  Hor.  Ill  Od.  ii.  32.  {ML)  R.  Virg.  JE. 


^ 


\4 


310  THE  SATIRES  sat.  xiu. 

Si  curant  igitur  cunctos  punire  nocentes, 
Quando  ad  me  venient  ?    Sed  et  exorabile  Numen 
Fortasse  experiar :   solet  his  ignoscere.     Multi 
Committunt  eadem  diverse  crimina  fato : 

105  Ille  crucem  sceleris  pretium  tulit,  hie  diadema.** 
Sie  animum  dirse  trepidum  formidine  culpse 
Confirmant.     Tunc  te  sacra  ad  delubra  vocantem 
Prcecedit,  trahere  immo  ultro  ae  vexare  paratus. 
Nam  quum  magna  malce  superest  audacia  causae, 

110  Creditur  a  multis  fidueia.     Mimum  agit  ille, 
Urbani  qualem  fugitivus  scurra  CatuUi : 
Tu  miser  exclamas,  ut  Stentora  sincere  possis, 
Vel  pofius,  quantum  Gradivus  Homericus :  <<  Au^ 
Jupiter,  haec,  nee  labra  moves,  quum  mittere  vocem 

115  Debueras  vel  marmoreus  vel  aeneus?  aut  cur 
In  carbone  tuo  charta  pia  thura  soluta 

m 

Jt.  ^08  sq.  Claud.  £p.  to  Hadr.  38  sq.  dence  in  a  badcauie,tbevulsmrreKardit 

Sen.  Hip.  1 128  8().  Luc.  iii.  44&^.  JiC.  aa  the  coDfidence  of  integrity.^  BRI.  LU. 
101.  rhey  attnbute   the  slowness  of        110.  Fallit  enim  vitium  tpeeie  virtutU 

divine  vengeance  to  the  delay  occasioned  et  umbra  ;  liv.  109.  )«(m  y^  rtSg  wkXtSt' 

by  an  accumulation  of  business;  as  though  Arist.  Rh.  I.  iz.  3. 
the  deity  were,  like  man,  constniu|||  to        '  His  acting  is  auite  aa  good  a  faroe  at 

proceed  step  by  step  in  hii  op^0nions.  the  buffoonery  of  toe  fugitive  slave  id  the 

LU,  .  ^r*.  Spectre  of  the  ludicrous  Catullus.' LC^. 

103.  Hit:  '  perjuries,  not  committed  JS,  viii.  186.  PR. 

out  of  wantonness,  or  disrespect  to  him,         1 1 1.   Urbani:  cf.  zvi.  25.  Plauf.  Trii. 

but  for  my  own  benefit:'  PR,  as  though  I.  ii.  165.  (GKO.)  Cat  zzU.  2.  9.  13. 

a  person  should  now  argue,  that  this  did  (JS.  D(E.)  Poll,  xzz  tyr.  p.  316>  (^SA.) 

not  fall  under  the  designation  of  "  taking  R, 
God's  name  i  n  v  a  i  n."  1 12.  SrSirri^  ;^«Ajii«fMwv»  h   rirtv 

104.  Cf.  ii.  63,  note.  LU.  aVUitm^',  Itm  iUjUi  «i»nU«»f«-  Hon. 

105.  Crucem.  cf.  Plant.  Most.  v.  Sen.  II.  E  785  sq.  LU, 

Cons,  to  Marc.  20.    The  punishment  of  1 13.  'O  S*  tfi^x*  xi^^**f  "Amw ,  Cwhen 

crucifixion  was  abolished  'by  Constantino,  wounded  by  Diomede,)  Srrtv  r  InUix*^^^ 

A.D.  325.  Sozom.  i.  1.  PR.  Umxn  S   )i»«;^iXm  An^t    It   miS^^' 

Romulus.byfratricide,  gained adiadem.  Hom.  II.  £  859  sqq.  VS.  LU. 

FS.  cf.  viii.  259.  22.    Hence  the  truth  of  114.  Zivf   SJ»«4«r  is  here  meant.  H. 

the  epigram  ;  "  Treason  does  never  pros-  Note  on  Her.  i.  44. 

per :  what's  the  reason  1   When  it  does  Nee  labra  movet;  cf.  ii.  ISO  &c.  Luc« 

prosper,  none  dare  call  it  t  r  e  a  s  o  n."  Tim.  1 — 6.  Virg.  JE.  iv.  206  sqq.  A. 

\0S.  Confiimant — ^pnecedtt.  The  change  Compare  Elijah's  taunt  to  the  priettsof 

of  number,  by  substituting  an  individual  Baal ;  1  Kings  zf iii.  27.  Af. 

instance  for  an  universal  case,  makes  the  115.  This  is  a  sarcasm  on  the  stupiditj 

picture  more  vivid,   ^mvu  3i  rt  mmi  ro  of  men,  in  worshipping  marble  and  brasa 

£y§9Ta'  Strato  Ep.  zzvi.  in  Br.  An.  t.  ii.  as  gods.  ill. 

p.  3ti5.  R.  1 16.  *  If  you  are  utterly  insensible  and 

'  He  will  even  drag  you  before  the  powerless,  what  is  the  nse  of  our  offerings 

judge,  and  threaten  to  prosecute  you  for  and  sacrifices?'  VS.  PR.    The  beathans 

taking  away  his  character.'  PR.  ezpected  blessings  from  the  gods,  oat  of 

109.  '  When  there  is  plenty  of  impu-  gratitude  for  vows  and  oblations.  Hom. 


r 


SAT.  xiif.  OF  JUVENAL.  311 

Ponimus  et  sectum  vituli  jecur  albaque  porci 

Omenta  ?  Ut  video,  nullum  discrimen  habendum  est 

EiBgies  inter  vestras  statuamque  Vagelli. 
120       Accipe,  quae  contra  valeat  solatia  ferre 

£t  qui  nee  Cynicos  nee  Stoica  dogmata  legit 

A  Cynicis  tunica  distantia,  non  Epicurum 

Suspicit  exigui  Isetum  plantaribus  horti. 

Curentur  dubii  medicis  majoribus  segri ; 
125  Tu  venam  vel  discipulo  committe  Philippi. 


II.  A  39  sqq.  0240.  Od.  A  763  sqq.  P240  and  yet  he  never  omits  an  opportunity  of 
sqq.  Virg.  AL.  ii.  406  sqq.  K.  duing  justice  to  the  simplicity  of  his  life. 

'  I1ie  cornet  of  paper  being  undone.'  I'bis  is  the  more  laudable,  as  few  have 

HU.  thurii  jdneritque  eutuilm;    Mart,  lain  under  greater  obloquy  (from  the  dis- 

III.  iL  5.  Ot.  Her.  xi.  4.  R,  sipated  lives  of  his  followers)  than  this 
'Pious  frankincense.'    Sil.  iv.  794.  philosopher,  who,  to  say  the  least  of  him » 

Viig.  iE.iv.  637.  v.  745.  R.  was  no  ordinary  man.    He  has  been  re- 

1 17. '  Cut  out/  LU,  or  '  cut  up.'  PR.  presented  as  wallowing  in  sensuality.  He 

'  White  from  the  quantity  of  fat/  LU,  placed,  it  must  be  confessed,  the  chief 

or  '  that  of  a  white  pig.'  FA,  good  in  pleasure ;   but  he  meant  by  it, 

118.  *  The  caul.'  Pers.  ii.  47.  vi.  74.  that  calm  and  soothing  delight  which 
PR,  cf.  Horn.  II.  A  460.  H  240.  R.  arises  from  a  life  spent  in  tl^  contem- 

*'  We  might  ask  redress,  for  aught  I  plation  of  virtue.    Diocles  sa^s  that  he 

see,  Ai  wiMly  of  Bathyllus,  ( VagtUiut,  was  a  perfect  example  of  continence  and 

A.)  ai  of  thee !"  G.  simplicity ;   and  Juvenal  loves  to  dwell 

1 19.  VagtUiuM  was  a  very  great  fool,  on  his  frugality  :  parvis  suffecit  in  hortit, 
who  nevertbelen  had  the  honour  of  a  In  a  word,  the  garden  of  £picurus  was  a 
•tatue :  VS,  deelamaiar  mulino  corde ;  school  of  temperance,  and  would  have 
xvL  23.  R.  afforded  little  gratification,  and  still  less 

120.' Couolations,  not  from  philosophy  sanction,  to  those  sensualists  of  our  day, 

bat  common  sense/  jR.  who,  in  turning  hogs,  flatter  themselves 

121.  Antiithenes  was  the  founder  of  that    they   are    becoming    Kpicureans! 

the  Cynic  sect,  and  Zeno  of  that  of  the  After  saymg  thus  much  of  the  man,  it  is 

StDiGS,  which  was  in  fact  but  a  branch  but  just  to  add  a  word  respecting  his  doc- 

of  the  Cynic;  with  which  it  accorded  as  trines.    With  regard  to  the  beauty  of 

regmrds  morals.  FS.  LU,  cf.Pers.  L  133.  temperance  and  sobriety,  and  the  strong 

in.  53.  PRm  necessity  of  restraining  the  tumultuous 

132.  The  Stoics  wore  tunics  under  their  and  disorderly  passions,  Kpicurus  may  be 

gowns,  the  Cynics  waistcoats  only.  SA,  listened  to  witu  advantage ;  but  on  the 

cf.  Hot.  I  £p.  zrii.  25.  PR.    D.  Laert.  higher  and  more  important  subjects  of 

vi.  104.    AtL  ziiL  2.  Tac.  An.  zvi.  34.  life,  there  is  not  a  more  false  and  destruc- 

R,  tive  system  on  earth  than  his ;  nor  one  so 

Epiamui  D.  Laert  z.  PR.  cf.  ziv.  likely  to  make  mankind  worse  by  imitation. 

319.  R.  Perhaps  he  is  the  only  philosopher,  who 

123.  He  was  the  first  who  introduced  never  had  one  follower  like  to  himself. 

the  fashion  of  having  sardens  to  town-  Dccipit  eiemplar  vitiis  imitahiU ;  Ilor.  I 

hofnaci.  Plin.  ziz.  4.  PR.    In  his  own  £p.  xix.  17.    All  his  imitators  were  vici- 

diet,  he  waa  Terr  simple  and  abstemious,  ous,  and  the  old  world  was  ruined  by  lib 

Sen.  Ep.  21.  Irnng  upon  herbs  and  bread  virtues.  G.  M, 

end  water.  D.  Laert.  LU.  cf.  Prop.  HI.  124.  '  Yours  is  not  such  a  desperate 

zzL  26.  (PAS.)  Stat  S.  I.  iii.  94.  Virg.  case.'  F. 

Cir.  3.  (J.SL)  R.    No  one  could  hold  the  125.  '  You    may    be    bled    by    the 

theological  toneta  of  Epicurus  in  greater  lipprentice  of  a  second-rate  practitioner.' 

contempt  and  abhorrence  than  Juvenal,  PR.  M, 


812  THE  SATIRES  sat.  xm- 

Si  nullum  in  terns  tam  detestabile  factum 
Ostenidisy  taceo ;  nee  pugnis  csedere  pectus 
Te  veto  ifiec  plana  faciem  contundere  palma, 
Quandoquidem  accepto  claudenda  est  janua  damno 

130  Et  majore  domus  gemitu,  majore  tiimultu 

Planguntur  numi,  quam  funera.     Nemo  dolorem 
Fingit  in  hoc  casu,  vestem  deducere  summam 
Contentus,  vexare  oculos  humore  coacto : 
Ploratur  lacrumis  amissa  pecunia  veris. 

135  Sed  si  cuncta  vides  simili  fora  plena  querela. 
Si,  decies  lectis  diversa  parte  tabellis, 
Vana  supervacui  dicunt  chirographa  ligni, 
Arguit  ipsorum  quos  litera  gemmaque  princeps 
Sardonychus,  loculis  quce  custoditur  ebumis : 

140  Ten',  O  delicias  !  extra  communia  censes 
Ponendum  ?    Qui  tu  gallinae  filius  albae, 
Nos  viles  pulli  nati  infelicibus  ovis  ? 
Rem  pateris  modicam  et  mediocri  bile  ferendam, 

126.  Hor.  II  S.  iii.  41.  R.  est  gemma  sigilUt  mendaett  lignU  imfMnutM 

127.  <  Exhibit  all  the  si^ns  of  frantic     tiotas;  Ov.  Pont.  II.  ix.  69  sq.  (i/.)  ft. 
grief.'  Claud,  xv.  135.  (H.)  R.  138.  •  Their  own  hand-writing.'  6CH. 

129.  It  is  still  the  practice  to  close  the  'The  sardonyx'  was  *  the  principal 
doors  and  windows  of  one's  honse  as  a  gem* -employed  for  seals;  guifniam  !otm 
sign  of  deep  mourning.  VS,  LU,  prope gemmarum  $ealpta  ceiam  non  aufirt ; 

130.  Because,  in  the  other  case,  one  Plio.  xxxvii.  6  s  23.  {HA,)  SCH. 
may  be  a  gainer.  139.  vi.  382.  vii.  144.  R, 

131.  X^^fuira  yit^  ^v^h  leixtrm  iu-  *  Ivory  cases:*  from  which  we  may 
X§7n  fifortTrt.  LU,  infer  that  the  disgraceful  practice  of  per- 

132.  *  With  stripping  down  the  upper  jury  was  not  connned  to  the  lower  oroerk 
part  of  the  dress,  without  tearing  it.*  JIf. 

dieitur  unui  flesse  Pebptt  humerumque,  140.  Cf.  ▼!.  47,  noto.  SCH»  S  ytlsu, 

mas  ad  pectora  poetquam  deduxit  vesteit  fuug   it^i^rm   r«r;gMV    —fuSf^ut,  /m)(w 

ostendnu ;  Ov.  M.  vi.  403  sqq.  cadat  ex  i^m  witi^in  Aft$i^§f  i    Luc  Demon.  25. 

humeris  veMsaptrtis  :jam  nudu  vacant  pec-  It, 

fora  rffxtroi;  Sen.  Tro.  102  sqq.  86  sqq.  K.  141.  'White'  was  deemed  a   Incky 

133.  Unafalia  lacrunmla,  quam  oculos  colour.  £.  alba  gallina,  quum  sinI  fin 
terendo  vix  vi  expresterit',  Ter.  £un.  I.  i.  molles  ae  minus  vivaeet,  turn  mefiauwkt 
22  sq.  VS,  captique  dolii  laerumisque  coae-  quitlem  faciU  reperiuntur\  Col.  IL  R. 
tit ;  Virg.  2iL,  ii.  196.  M.  ih,  iv.  449.  x.  VIII.  ii.  7.  H.  It  might  be  the  raii^, 
465.  cf.  vi.  273  sqq.  R.  '*  And  vex  their  and  not  the  felicity  of  the  object,  whSch 
lids  for  one  hard  gotten  tear."  G,  the  old  adage  had  in  view.  G.    From 

136.  <  After  their  bonds  have  been  what  1  have  heard,  I  am  indoced  to 
read  oyer  at  least  ten  times,  and  that  in  question  the  accuracy  of  Columdta*a 
different  places,  before  divers  witnesses.'  statement ;  unless  in  Italy  the  case  ii 
LU,  diflferent  from  what  it  is  in  our  country. 

137.  *  Assert  that  the  deed  is  not  valid,  1 42.  JVoi  anima  viUi  -,  Virg.  .£.  xi. 
as  the  signature  is  a  forgery.'  FA,  Their  372.  VS, 

tablets  weregenerallymade  of  thin 'deal.'        143.  *  With  moderate  choler.'  Af.  t. 
GR,  xvi.  41.     nee  mea  fallaci  convicta     159.  R. 


»^-*.xiii.  OF  JUVENAL.  313 

Si  flectas  oculos  majora  ad  crimina.     Confer 
^  "^JH  Conductum  latronem,  incendia  sulphure  ccepta 

Atque  dolo,  primos  quum  jaDua  colligit  ignes ; 

Confer  et  hos,  veteris  qui  tollunt  grandia  templi 

Pocula  adorandae  robiginis  et  populorum 

Dona  vel  antiquo  positas  a  rege  coronas. 
^  <S0  Hsec  ibi  si  non  sunt,  minor  exstat  sacrilegus,  qui 

Radat  inaurati  femur  Herculis  et  faciem  ipsam 

Neptuni ;  qui  bracteolam  de  Castore  ducat. 

An  dubitet,  solitus  totum  conflare  Tonantem  ? 

Confer  et  artifices  mercatoremque  veneni 
155  Et  deducendum  corio  bovis  in  mare,  cum  quo 

Clauditur  adversis  innoxia  simia  fatis. 

Hsec  quota  pars  scelerum,  qua;  custos  Gallicus  Urbis 

Usque  a  lucifero,  donee  lux  occidat,  audit  ? 

Humani  generis  mores  tibi  nosse  volenti 
160  SufHcit  una  domus.     Paucos  consume  dies  et 

Dicere  te  miserum,  postquam  illinc  veneris,  aude. 

Quis  tumidum  guttur  miratur  in  Alpibus  ?  aut  quis 


145.  GnumtcTi  cf.  iii.  305.  P.  Malleolus,  convicted  of  murdering  his 
Incendia:  cf.  Suet.  Ner.  38.  LU,  mother.  Livy  Izviii.  ep.  G. 

146.  Cr.  it.  98.  PR,  So  as  to  pre*  157.  Rutilius  Gallicus  VaUns  vita  prt' 
clods  all jpowibilitT  of  escape.  Af.  feet  of  the  city  and  chief  magistrate  of  the 

147.  The  epithets  are  well  chosen  police,  in  the  rei{;n  of  Domitian :  LU. 
and  add  much  to  the  force  of  the  pas-  qu^m  penes intre}>ula'miliinistiHilaRimnBi 
aaga.  JR.  Stat.  S.  I.  iv.  16.  i*U.  iv.  77  sq.  note.  cf. 

148.  «  Of  Teoerable  antiquity.'  M.  Sen.  Cp.  86.  Kleg.  in  WE,  P.  L.  M. 
rMg9,  here,  is  not  to  be  taken  in  itsstrict  t.  iii.  p.  159,  27.  Tac.  An.  vi.  10  sqq. 
aente.  cf.  61.  Before  determining  the  date  of  the  Satire, 

149.  I1ie  natioDs  and  kings,  who  were  we  must  also  take  into  account  v.  17.  see 
alKct  of  the  Roman  Republic,  often  sent  note.  H. 

'  erovmi*  and  other  presents,  as  oblations  158.   Lucifero;  viii.  12,  note.    PA. 

to  CapitoliDe  Jove.  DX,  ACH.  Juvenal  Ov.  IVL  iv.  664.  M. 

Dfobabij  alhidat  to  some  of  the  acts  of  160.  '  One  house,  that  of  Rutilius,  is 

inccadiaritm  and  sacrilege  of  which  Nero  enough.'  VS.     As  we  might  say,  '  the 

wsi  K«iltJ.  Suet  32.  38.  LU,  Mansion  House.' 

161.  "  WiU  tcrapt  the  gilded  thighs  161.  Aude:  <  I  may  defy  you.' 

ot  Hcfctiica,  Strip  Neptune  of  his  silvery  162.  '  Crimes  are  not  more  won<lerful 

baard,  and  peal  uaitor's leaf-gold."  G,  in  Rome,  than  goitres  on  the  Alps.*  VS, 

163.  <|  Steal  and  meltdown  the  Thun-  Phn.  xi.  37  s  68.  (  HA. )  BRO.  jKqnicolii 
dsrer  entile."  G.  ea:lo  tonantem  credi-  in  ItuUnet  Alpibu%  in  natione MeJuUnrum, 
dUmus  Je^em  ;  Hor.  Ill  Od.  ▼.  1.  e$t  genu*  aqueBt  qnam  qui  hihunt,  effirinn- 

164.  '  Tbeoompouodersof  pniv)n,and  titr.iHr^i(ti>  gutturihu^ ;  Vitr.viii.  3<'jrrr. 
die  dealer  in  it.'  LU.  Hor.  £p.  ix.  61.  K.  X^j^iyhen  we  were  boys,  Who  would 
I  &  is.  31«  M.  beliak  that    there  were    mountaineers 

165.  Cf.  viiL  313,  note.  PO.  The  De^App'd  like  bulls,  whose  throats  had 
fint  who  iiBteiftDt  this  punishment  was  hanging  at  them  VValleu  of  flesh  !  .  .  .  . 

2  8 


I 


314  THE  SATIRES  >.vr.  xm. 

In  Meroe  crasso  majorem  infante  mamillam? 

Cserula  quis  stupuit  German!  lumina,  flavam 
165  Csesariem,  et  madido  torquentem  cornua  cirro  ? 

Nempe  quod  haec  illis  natura  est  omnibus  una. 

Ad  subitas  Thracum  volucres  nubemque  Bonoram 

Pygmaeus  parvis  currit  bellator  in  armis : 

Mox  impar  hosti  raptusque  per  aera  curvis 
170  Unguibus  a  sa;va  fertur  grue.     Si  videas  hoc 

Gentibus  in  nostris,  risu  quatiare  :  sed  illiCf 

Quamquam  eadem  assidue  spectentur  proelia^  ridet 

which  DOW  we  find,  Eich  putter-out  on  Sen.  de  Ira  iii.  36.  aurunmu  Betenu ; 

five  for  one,  will  bring  us  Good  warrant  SiL  iii.  608.  ruffut  Batama ;  Mart.  XIV. 

of;"  Shaksp.  Temp.  111.  iii.  G.  clxxvi.      Procopios  calli   the  Vandab 

163.  Meroe;  vi.  528,  note.  cf.  Pomp.  ;^^«r«ii)i7r.      Galen  iiayt  the  Germau 
Mel.    Soliu.  15.  SCH,  should  be  called  r»^»2  rather  than  UthS' 

164.  Habitus  quoque  corporum,  quam-  Com,  ad  Polyb.«l«  Vict.  6.  LI, 
quam   in   tanlo  hominnm   numero,    idem         165.  Intigwt  gentit  obliquian   enmem 
omnibus :  truces  et  eaerulei  oeuli,ru'  nodoque  suburingere  . .  .  herrtnUm  rapil- 
tilae  com a« ;  Tac.  Germ.  4.  P/?. /era  lum  retro  tequuntur  ae ntp§ in  »olo vtriiet 
eaerulea  Gnmaniapube;  Hor.  Ep.  zvi.  religmfU  ...  in  aUitudinmm  fuamdmm  it 
7.  (MI.)  cf.  Ari&t.  Probl.  xiv.   14.  H.  terrorem,  adituri belta,  compli,  ut  hoUimm 
The  Italians  seem  to  have  regarded  as  a  oeulis,  arnantur ;  Tac.  Get.  38.  Sen.  Ep. 
phsenomeooo,   this  colour,    so  common  24.  Mart.  Sp.  iii.  9.  V.  xzxviii.  TertoL 
among  the  northern  nations  of  Europe*  de  V\t^.    Vel.  10.     Their    hair   was 
The  adjunct  (rucef,  however,  makes  the  '  moistened*  with  a  kind  of  ioft  soap, 
common  interpretation  doubtful.     With  which  they  applied  as  pomatmn.     Pn. 
us  <  blu  e'  is  rather  indicative  of  soft  zzviii.  12  s  51.  (ffil.)  Mart.  XIV.  ziri  K 
voluptuouslanguor.thanof  fierce-  so.  Lf.  VIII.  zxziii.  20. Soet.  CaL  47.  Ir'^ 
n  ess.  Why  not '  sea-green'?  This  is  cf.  vi.  502.  Z2.  V^^^ 
not  an  uncommon  colour  in  the  north.         167.    '  The  cranes,*  LU»    from  tha  "^ 
I  have  seen  many  Norwegian  seamen  Strymon.  VS.  Virg.  O.  i.  120.  JE.  z. 
with  eyes  of  this  hue,  which  were  in-  265  sq.  M,  ib.  xi.  580.  Ot.  A.  A.  iii. 
variably    quick,    keen,    and    glancing.     182.  R,  Ath.  iz.  11.  Plin.  z.  23.  PR. 
Shakupeare,  whom  nothing  e!>caped,  has        '  The  cloud.'  Sil.  i.  311.  J?. 
put   an  admirable  description  of   them         168.  Cf.  vi.  506.  Gell.  iz.  6.  PliB.Tii. 
into  the  mouth  of  Juliet^s  nurse:  "  O  2.  BRL  Id,  iv.  11.  z.  23.(/fil.)  PR. 
he's  a  lovely  gentleman  !  ...  an  eagle,     Strab.  xvii.  Horn.  11.  r  2--7.  (JTP.) 
madam.  Hath  not  so  green,  so  quick,  so  Claud,  xw,  474  aqq.  H. 

fair  an  eye,  As   Paris  hath;"   III.  v.         171.  ITie  facetiotti Domitian leaaaa to  '  ^^ 

Steevens  refers  to  an  opposite  passage  in  have  treated  himself  with  a  ipectadc  of  '^^ 

the  Two   Noble    Kinsmen.       It  is   in  ih'n kind:  hie audax tubitardo pumUmiumf  *^' 

Emilia's  address  to  Diana  :  "  Oh  vouch-  quos  Natura  hrevi  tiatn  psrecfof  nodmrnm 

safe  With  that  thy  rare  green  eye,  which  semel  in  globntn  Ugamt,    erfiml  vuliurm 

never  yet  Heheld  things  maculate."  G.  conseruntque  dextrat,  et  mortem  iihi  (qua 
Though  the  colour  docs  apply  to  the  sea  as    manul)  minantur,  ridet  Mart  pater  et 

well  as  to  the  sky,  yet  witnout  including  crueuta   VirtM,    eaturmgue  vagia  gruet 

blue  and  grey  eyes,  it  could  hardly  rapiHiemiranturfmmilotJeroeMrui  Stat.  _ 

be  so  universal  as  to  warrant  the  language  S.  I.  vi.  57  iqq.  Such  were  thecoDtempti-  | ,  '^  '^ 

of  Tacitus.  ble  amusements  i^thii  gloomy  tyrant !  G. 

'  Yellow  hair.'  turn  est  jEthiapit  inter  suos  172.  For  auamquam  one  woold  expect 
tnjignfttfs  color,  net*  r  ufu  s  crinitet  qiumiom.  The  whole  line  dulv  be  spnri- 
coaetusinnodumapudGermanot;     ous :  it  coald  easily  be  aparod.  R.  |  "*-' 


T.  XIII.  OF  JUVENAL.  315 

Nemo,  ubi  tola  cohors  pede  non  est  altior  uno. 
<*  Nullane  peijuri  capitis  fraudisque  nefandae 
1 75  Poena  erit?'    Abreptum  crede  hunc  graviore  catena 
Protenus  et  nostro  (quid  plus  velit  ira?)  necari 
Arbitrio :  manet  ilia  tamen  jactura  nee  umquam 
Depositum  tibi  sospes  erit.     "  Sed  corpore  tninco 
Invidiosa  dabit  minimus  solatia  sanguis : 
180  At  idndicta  bonum  vita  jucundius  ipsa.^ 

Nempe  hoc  indocti,  quorum  prsecordia  nullis 
Interdum  aut  levibus  videas  flagrantia  causis. 
Quantulacumque  adeo  est  occasio,  sufficit  irae. 
Chrysippus  non  dicet  idem  nee  mite  Thaletis 
185  Ingenium  dulcique  senex  vicinus  Hymetto, 
Qui  partem  accept®  saeva  inter  vincla  cicutae 
Accusatori  nollet  dare.     Plurima  felix 

174.   Coptltf  for  the  whole  '  man.'  tram  in  pietonmoveri,  efftrvneentt  circa 

Hot.  I  Od.  zxIt.  2.  M,  note  oo  mt^mXmi*  car  tanguinc*  causa,  cur  hie  p^aisUmum 

Her.  in.  46.    Thus  we   use  the  word  adiignctur  ira  loeuf^  nan  alia  at  quam 

*  bodj.*  quod  in  toto  corpore  calidiuimum  pectut 

*'  Qyid   trgo"  inquis,  *'  impum   iUi  e$t,    quibuM    humidi   plus    inett,   corum 

mitV*    puta  tc   veils,  tamen   non   eriu  paulatim  cretcit  ira,  quia  non  e$t  paratut 

MftTHM  at  enim  /actce  injuria  pama,  Ulit  color ,  $ed  motu  acquiritur.    itaqua 

yacine:  nac  qvuquam  graviu*  affieitur,  puerorumfiminarumque  ira  (cf.  191  sq.) 


\qui  ad  iuppUeium  pondtentiet  tradi'  acres  magis,  quam  graves  sunt  levioresqtie 

hsr;  Seii.d«Iraiu.  26.  cf.  0. 192  8qq.  A.  dum  incipiunt,  ^c.   Sen.  de  Ira  ii.  19. 

338,  note.  SCH. 

175.  UndenUnd  m.  SCH.  184.  Chrysippus  was  a  Stoic  (the  dis- 
'  Heavier*  than  ordinary.  M.  ciple  of  Cleanthes  and  Zeno)  and  so 

176.  *Er«w)i  i  i^fS^sl^s  fitrk  k4tnif  subtle  a  logician,  that  it  was  said,  "  If 
^rtfist^/mt  fMntftiwnt'  Ari&t.  Kb.  II.  ii.  1.  the  gods  used  lof^c,  it  would  be  that  of 
al  U  rear*  Urn  i  i^,  Jivdyzfi  9'irn  i^yn  Chrysippus."  LU.  cf.  Pers.  vL  80.  PR, 
tmsHeu  rtm  UMi*  eiw  Jim''i  rn§  iKiriist  reu  Hor.  I  £p.  ii.  4. 

wsfst^inHas'  ib,  2.  cf.  II.  v.  3.  Thales  of  Miletus,  M.  was  one  of  the 

177. '  What  then!  His  death  does  not  seven  sages  of  Greece.  LU.  D.  Laert.  i. 

BMBid  the  matter.'  M,    *'  Yet  shall  not  PR.  cf.  iv.  39,  note.  R. 

thm  revenge,  for  which  you  long,  Refund        1 85.  *'  Nor  that  old  man  by  sweet 

die  loas  or  recompense  the  wrong."  BM,  Mymettus'  hill."     This  is  a  charming 

178.  '  Enviable.'  LU.  designation  of  Socrates  by  the  place  of 

180.  Ai,  instead  of  et,  after  sed  is  more  his  residence.  The  hill  of  Hyroettus  was 
andicmtive  of  emotion,  cf.  Ov.M.v.  17  sq.  not  far  from  Athens:  Juvenal  calls  it 
507  sq.  vi.  612.  vii.  718.  K.  Axxk  In-  '  sweet  Hyroettus,'  because  it  was  much 
Xai^mHs,  AaaA  nytd^Snrt,  iXX*  iti»m^n-  celebrated  for  the  richness  of  its  honey. 
«s*  1  Cor.  vi.  11.  G.  cf.  Hor.  II  Od.  vi.  14  sq.  M.  Sen.  de 

Cf.  Hom.  II.  X  108  sqq.  Arist.  Rh.  I.  Const.  Sap.  18.  de  Ira  i.  15.  iiL  11.  Plat. 

Sb  II.  iL  Sen.  de  Ira  ii.  32.  HN.  Ap.  Socr.  and  Phaed.  R. 

181.  *<  Revenge,  they  say, — A  plea-  186.  "  'Midst  those  injurious  bonds." 
sva  iweeter  far  than  life  affords.    Who  BM, 

say  1  the  fools,  whose  passions,  prone  to        Cicuta ;  vii.  206,  note.  R. 

ise.  At  slightest  causes,  or  it  none,  take        187.  His  accusers  were  three,  Anytus, 

fin."  G.  vihuU  fuidasm  ex  nottrii  (Stoics)  Lycon,  and  Melitus.  BRL 


316  THE  SATIRES  sat.  xiii. 

Paulatim  vitia  atque  errores  exuit  omnes, 
Prima  docet  rectum  Sapientia :  quippe  minuti 

190  Semper  et  infirmi  est  animi  exiguique  voluptas 
Ultio.     Continuo  sic  coUige,  quod  vindicta 
Nemo  magis  gaudet,  quam  femina.  <  *  Cur  tamen  hos  tu 
Evasisse  putes,  quos  diri  conscia  facti 
Mens  habet  attonitos  ef  surdo  verbere  ccedit, 

195  Occultum  quatiente  animo  tortore  flagellum  ? 
Poena  autcm  vehemens  ac  multo  saevior  illis, 
Quas  et  Cscdicius  gravis  invenit  et  RhadamanthuS) 

Nollit  *  would  have  been  vDwilliDg.'  35  sqq.  Cic.  Mil.  33.  Plat.  Opp.  t. 
R.  ii.  p.  554—556.  cf.  174,  note  i.    166 

188.  Vita   Philotophia  dux,  vir.    sq.  A. 

tutu  indagatrix,  expultrixqu9  vitiorum',         194.  Surdo;  vii.  71,  note*  R* 

Cic.  T.  Q.  V.  5.  PR,  The  ancieot  poets  embodied  the  terrara 

189.  "  Divine  philosophy !  by  whose  of  a  goilty  conscience  under  the  name  of 
pure  light  We  first  distinguish  then  pursue  'E^nnts  or  EvfttttUg,  and  armed  them 
the  right,  Thy  power  the  breast  from  with  a  scourge  and  a  ^oad.  i^  T  SfitUg^ 
every  error  frees,  And  weeds  out  all  its  llliut^mraiiffi§Xif,lr»ypt9,Vimu9hp^Xdrm, 
vices  by  degrees:  Illumined  by  thy  fitrtkm^u  zitr^f  vri  i^^ivsi^.  itn  X«^> 
beam,  revenge,  we  find.  The  abject  plea-  9ra^%rrt  fMtrTUT§^H  ^mUMmfMtt{ivpuiuv\) 
sure  of  an  abject  mmd."  G.  fla^v  n,  Tttt^^v  z^vtt  ix*"  '^sch.  Eom. 

190.  Fartior  est  qui  se  quam  qui  for-  lAO  jt(]q.  rt.  Sen.  quoted  "above.  4  mt^ 
iissima  vincit  tncrnut,  nee  virtus  altior  ire  2nr$f  rhf  ^»x^'  irXnrru'  Greek  Prorerb. 
potest.  LU.  Sen.  de  Ira  ii.  34.  inagni  IL  Juvenal  was  evidently  a  ^Toorita 
animi  est  proprium,  placidum  esse  tran-  with  our  old  writers ;  and  the  predilection 
quitlumque  et  injutnas  atque  offensiones  may  be  considered  as  no  slight  indicttioa 
superne  despicere;  Id,  de  Clem.  i.  5.  Ji,  of  their  taste  and  spirit.  The  following 
cf.  Cic.  de  Or.  PR,  is  a  pretty  close  rendering  of  the  teit : 

191.  'You  may  at  once  draw  this  *' There's  no  punishment  I'dLe  that  to  bear 
inference,  (Pers.  v.  85.)  from  the  cir-  the  witness  in  one's  breast  Of  perpetrated 
cumstance  that  &c.'  M.  FA,  evils,  when  the  mind  Beats  it  with  nlent 

192.  "  But  why  are  those,  Calvinus,  stripes  ;"  Microcosmus.  G. 

thought  to  scape  Unpunish'd,  whom,  in  195.  The  metaphor  is  taken  from  thtt 

every  fearful  shape,  Guilt  still  pursues,  fioggiog  of  criminals,  whoM  terron  ai* 

and  conscience,  ne'er  asleep,   Wounds  aggravated  by  aeeine  the  <i|^ifted  laah  of 

with  incessant  strokes,  n  o  t  1  o  u  d  1)  »t  the  executioner  shaken  over  their  back. 

deep,  While  the  vex'd  mind,  her  own  PublTC*vi^»ping  was  a  common  puoiib* 

tormentor,  plies  A  scorpion  scourge,  un-  ment  of    tne  lowS»'< orders  junqng  the 

mark'd  by  human  eyes!   Trust  me,  no  Romans.  Hor.  £p.  iv.    II.   Mi ^  ear* 

tortures    which    the    poets    feign.   Can  nificina    est  agritudo ;    Cic   T.   Q. 

match  the  fierce,  the  unutterable  pain  iii.  13.  R.     Democritus  said  there  wo 

He  feels,  who  night  and  day,  devoid  of  no  man  to  brave  that    an  evil    coo> 

rest.  Carries  his  own    accuser    in    his  science  would  not  render  meet  timoroMS, 

breast."  G.  5Cif.    **  Conscience  does  make  oonriRlt 

193.  Prima    et    maxima   peccantium  of  us  all;"  Shaksp.  Ham.  HI.  i« 

pcma  est  peccaue :  eecunda  vera  pa-nce  sunt  1 96.  The  torments  of  a  woonded  ooii* 

timere  semper  et  expavescere  et  securitati  science  are  more  intolerable  than  thwi 

diffidere :  et  fatendum  est  mala  facinora  of  bodily  saffering.  cf.   Ptot.  iTlii.  14. 

eonscientia  ftagellari,  et  plurimum   ilUc  M,    Pers.  iii.  39  sqq.   Hor.  I  £p.  ii.  68. 

tormentorum  esse,  eo  quod  perpetua  illam  R, 

nolicitudo  urget  ac  verberat,  ^c.  Sen.  £p.  197.  Ogdieimi,  a  courtier  of  Nero  and 

97.  BRI,  PR,  1*6.  43.  105.   Pers.  iii.  a  cruel  agent  of  that  tynnU  FS.  A  v«ry 


SAT.  XIII.  OF  JUVENAL.  317 

Nocte  dieque  suum  gestare  in  pectore  testem. 
Spartano  Quidam  respondit  Pythia  yates  : 

200  Haud  impun|tum  quondam  fore,  quod  dubitaret 
Depositum  retinere  et  fraudem  jure  tueri 
Jurando.     Queerebat  enim,  quae  numinis  esset 
Mens  et  an  hoe  illi  facinus  suaderet  Apollo  ? 
Reddidit  ergo  metu,  non  moribus ;  et  tamen  omnem 

205  Vocem  adyti  dignam  templo  veramque  probavit 
Exstinctus  tota  pariter  cum  prole  domoque 
Et,  quamvis  longa  deductis  gente,  propinquis. 
Has  padtur  pcenas  peccandi  sola  voluntas. 
Nam  scelus  intra  se  taciturn  qui  cogitat  uUum, 

sanguioaiy  judge  in  the  reign  of  Vitellius.  *  From  moral  principle/  R. 

LVn  cf.  ziv.  46.  P22.  205.  The  words  were  deliTercd  from 

BhadiUMnthu*,  king  of  Lycia,  son  of  the  eaoctuary,  '  into  which  none  might 

Jupiter  and  £uropa»  brother  of  Aiinos.  enter*  but  the  priestesa  :  LC/.  or  from  the 

cf.  L  10,  note.  JPK.     Diod.   S.  v.  80.  subterranean  chamber,  over  which  the 

Apollod.  II.  ir.  1 1,  and  esc.  xi.  on  Virg.  tripod  of  the  Pythoness  was  placed.  A. 

M,*  vi.  (I/F.)  R.  note  on  v.  52.  In  the  temple  at  Jerusalem,  the  Holy  of 

198.  Cf.  \,  note,  eonaeientia  milU  Uttes ;  Holies  was  the  aiyr§f. 

QoioU  LU,  bona  eantcientia  turbam  ad-  Aiicr  dignam ^  xxndenX&nd  esse, 

t^Kat,malMetiamiH  aoUtudineanxiaatqne  207.  '  All  his  relatives,  however  re- 

«p4wtfa  of.  si  hoiusttt  sunt,  qua  faciSj  om-  mote  their  common  ancestor.'  ACH. 

IMS  teiaiU  I   si  turpia,  quid  refirt  nemi-  208.  Hence  the  maxims  of  lawyers: 

news  aein,  quum  tu  teias?  0  tt  mif«rum,  "  pari  sorte scelus  et  sceleris  voluntatem  \** 

si  asttemnes  hune  teetem!   Sen.  Ep.  43.  and  "  voluntas  habetur  pro  facto,*'  LU. 

R.    Compare  the  whole   of    Richard's  cf.  St  Matth.  v.  B.28.  Sen.  dr  Ben.  ▼.  14. 

lycch,  commencing  with  **  O  coward  Gell.  vii.  3.  R. 

coDsdeooe,  bow  dost  thou  afflict  me !"  209.  If  the  second  foot  of  a  Latin 

Sbalvp.  K.  R.  III.  V.  iii.  hexameter  is  a  si  ngle  word,  a  spondee 

199.  This  storv  is  told  at  large  in  Her.  is  only  admissible  m  the  instance  of  the 
▼i.  86.  A  Milesian  had  entrusted  a  sum  prepositions  inter  and  intra  followed  by 
of  money  to  one  Glaucus,  a  Spartan,  the  word  they  govern :  as  here,  and  in 
After  a  Ume,  the  tons  of  the  Aiilesian  Lucr.  v.  957.  i.  909.  In  fact,  the  prepo- 
came  to  re^demand  it.  Glaucus  affirmed  sition  and  its  case  may  be  considered  as 
that  ho  bad  no  recollection  of  the  circum-  acompound  word,  and  are  often  writ- 
ataoce,  and  sent  them  away.  As  soon  as  ten  so  in  ross.  We  have  other  examples 
they  were  gone,  he  hastened  to  Delphi,  of  this  in  interea,  praterea,  nobiseum, 
to  enquire  whether  he  might  safely  for-  quatenm^  and,  in  our  own  langu^e,  in 
swear  the  deposit.  On  hearing  the  answer  withal,  iiRaKiN.THKRKTO,  &c.  Fascic. 
of  the  priealeta,  the  terrified  Spartan  sent  Poet.  ed.  2nd.  p.  14. 

liar  the  yoaog  Milesians  and  restored  the  Neither  Thales,  nor  Chrysippus,  no, 

mooey.    Leatychides,  who  applies  this  nor  his  great  master  Zeno,  ever  taught, 

caae  to  the  Athenians,  concluaes  thus :  or  cren  conceived  doctrines  of  such  pure, 

TXmimetr  tm  eSrt  rt  k^iyUf  Wrt  t&^iv,  such  sublime  morality  as  are  here  de- 

•^  y^  slikfun  9fs^§fak9n  iiuu  TXmwuv*  livered  :    doctrines,  in  short,  which  the 

Imvitftwrmi  rt  ir^ifft^H  U  XvM^nif.  ('•  light  of  nature  alone  was  incapable  of 

VS,  PR,  discovering:  and  which  the  author  on- 

Pphiavattii  nottt  on  Her.  i. 55 and  54.  doubtedly  derived  from  that  "  true  light/' 

304.  Odtrunt  peeeare  mali  Jarmidint  which  now  began  to  glimmer   througU 

cderunt    p§ecar$    boni    virtutit  the  Roman  world,  and  by  which  many 

.  LU,  sincere  lovers  of  truth  and  virtue  already 


318 


THE  SATIRES 


8AT.  XIII. 


210  Facti  crimen  habet.     **  Cedo,  si  conata  per^t?' 
Perpetua  anxietas  nee  mens®  tempore  cessat, 
Faucibus  ut  morbo  siccis  interque  molares 
Difficili  crescente  cibo :  sed  vina  misellus 
Exspuit ;    Albani  veteris  pretiosa  senectus 

215  Displicet;  ostendas  melius,  densissima  ruga 
Cogitur  in  frontem,  velut  acri  ducta  Falerno. 
Nocte  brevem  si  forte  indulsit  cura  soporem 
Et  toto  versata  toro  jam  membra  quiescunt; 
Continuo  templum  et  violati  numinis  aras 

220  Et,  quod  praecipuis  mentem  sudoribus  urguet, 
Te  videt  in  somnis :  tua  sacra  et  major  imago 


began  to  direct  their  wavt,  while  they 
were  yet  unconscious  of  the  medium 
through  which  they  received  the  illumi- 
nation. With  respect  to  the  passage 
before  us,  it  is  not  heathenism.  It  is  not 
to  be  found  in  the  precepts  of  their  gravest 
teachers :  and  elevated  as  the  morality  of 
our  author  confessedly  is,  it  is  difficult 
to  imagine  that  it  could  soar  so  far  above 
the  ethics  of  his  time,  without  the  sssist- 
ance  which  has  been  spoken  of.  What 
is  more,  this  was  the  peculiar  boast  of 
Christianity.  It  was  the  vantage  ground, 
on  which  its  first  professors  stood,  and 
proclaimed  aloud  the  superiority  of  their 
faith  :  Ethnici,  icelera  admitsa  punitu  ; 
apud  no8  et  cogitare  peceare  est :  vo$  conteios 
timetis,  nos  corucientiamtSfc,  M.  Felix.  G. 
Paley  £v.  pt.  ii.  ch.  ii«  p.  35. 

210.  Cedo;  vi.  504.  H. 

Conata  *  his  evil  devices.'  LU. 

212.  He  becomes  feverish  from  anxiety 
of  mind.  One  symptom  of  this  inward 
fever  is  a  dryness  of  the  mouth  and 
throat,  owing  to  the  want  of  a  due  se- 
cretion of  the  saliva,  by  the  glands 
appropriated  for  that  purpose.  The  great 
use  ot  this  secretion  is  in  masticating  and 
diluting  the  food,  and  making  the  first 
digestion  thereof;  also  to  lubricate  the 
throat  and  oesophagus,  in  order  to  facili* 
tate  deglutition,  which,  by  these  means, 
in  healthy  persons,  is  attended  with  ease 
and  pleasure.  But  the  direct  contrary  is 
the  case,  when  the  mouth  and  throat  are 
quite  dry,  as  in  fevers.  The  food  is 
chewed  with  difificulty  and  disgust,  and 
cannot  be  swallowed  without  uneasiness 
and  loathing,  and  may  well  be  called 
difficHU   cibvLi  in  both    these  respects. 


Wtntixig  also  the  saliva  to  moMtcn  it, 
and  make  it  into  a  sort  of  paste,  it  breaks 
into  pieces  between  the  teeth,  and  taking 
up  more  room  than  when  in  one  massv  it 
fills  the  mouth  as  if  it  had  increased  in 
quantity,  and  is  attended  with  a  nausea* 
which  still  increases  the  oneasiness  of  the 
sensation.  M. 

213.  In  ore  crevU  ctfruf ;  Sen.  Ep.  82. 
eretcit  et  invito  lentut  in  ore  dbuii  Or. 
Her.  xvi.  226.  R. 

For  sed  vina,  Herel  happily  conjectttics 
Setina  ;  cf.  v.  33  sq.  z.  27.  if. 

214.  Exspuit ;  note  on  zi.  173. 
Albani ;  note  on  iv.  33.  P&  and  fior 

the  periphrasis,  note  on  iv.  39.  R. 

215.  '  Wrinkles  without  end.'  cC  i. 
120.  M. 

216.  Note  on  iv.  138.  PR. 

218.  Cf.  iil  280.  M.  a^iee  iUm,  ftd 
non  aliter,  quam  quibut  diffiaH$  aomMU 
ettt  vorsant  se  et  hoe  atque  iito  modo  com' 
ponunt,  donee  quittemUusiiudim§iMwtnmmti 
Sen.  de  Tr.  An.  2.  Cat.  L  10  sqq.  Piep. 
I.  xiv.21.R. 

220.Cf.i.  167.LCr.Ov.Her.vii.65sqq. 

221.  The  ancients  always  held  appa- 
ritions sacred ;  and,  as  fear  magnifies  ill 
objects,  they  were  always  fiancied  to 
appear  larger  than  the  life,  especially  in 
soUtude,  at  night,  and  in  dreams.  c£. 
Virg.  i£.  ii.  772  sq.  (C£.)  M.  kmUm 
frequenter  eeetum,  ac  penitus  in  intmnt 
solitudines  actum,  non  pritu  dosHtit  isuequi 
(^Drusus)  quam  species  barbarm  muiicrii 
human  a  amplior,  vietorem  tenderm 
ultra,  sermone  iMtino  prohibuiuet ;  Snet. 
CI.  1.  PR.  Tac.  An.  xi.  21.  (U.)  BY. 
exc  xiii.  on  Viig.  ^.  i.  R.  cf.  Her.  vu. 
12. 


SAT.  XIII.  OF  JUVENAL.  819 

Humana  turbat  pavidum  cogitque  fateri. 
Hi  sunt,  qui  trepidant  et  ad  omnia  fulgura  pallent, 
Quum  tonat,  exanimes  primo  quoque  murmure  coeli ; 
225  Non  quasi  fortuitus  nee  ventorum  rabie  sed 
Iratus  cadat  in  terras  et  judicet  ignis. 
Ilia  nihil  nocuit,  cura  graviore  timetur 
Proxima  tempestas,  velut  hoc  dilata  sereno. 
Prseterea,  lateris  vigili  cum  febre  dolorem 


222.  Ipit  dmu  tamno  domitot  tmitten        CaligulOf  qui  deoi  tantopere  eontemntret. 


ideas  of  Lucretius  upon  the  subject;  peregrinatume    quidem    SicHiensif   hrisit 

whof  while  be  coufSestes  the  effect,  en-  multorum  locarum   miraeulit,  repente  a 

dcATOurt  to  ridicule  the  cause ;  end  with  Messana  noctu  profugit,  Mtnai  inertias 

the  most  palpable  impressioDS  of  terror  fumo  ae  murmurt  pavffaetus;    Suet.  51. 

on   his  own  mind,  absurdly  hopes  to  LU,  On  the  contrary,  see  Hor.  Ill  Od. 

SBCceed  in  leisooing  his  followers  out  of  iii.  1  sqq.  R. 

their  weU-grounded  apprehensions :   nee  224.  Hie  muntt  aeneut  etto,  nil  con- 

fl€iie§$iplieidamacpaeatamdegereintam,  teire  iibi,  nulla  palUscere  eulpa;    Hor.  I 

fui  violat  factU  eommunia  fmdtra  paeis,  Ep.  i.  60  sq.  LU, 

ttdfiJlii  €nim  div^  g^nus  humanumque,  225.  That  it  was  '  fortuitous'  was  the 

perpHmo  tawun  idfar§ clam  diffidere  d^itei :  Epicurean  opinion,  BRI.  cf.  Hor.  I  S.  v. 

fn^pps  vM  u  muUi  per  tomnia  utpe  lo-  101  sqq.  M.  rliu.ii.43.  Sen.N.Q.vi.3.R. 

qmntn,  aui  morbo   delirantes   proerAxe  *  From   the   violence   of    the   winds* 

firmmtur,  et  eelata  dm  in  medium  peeeata  occasioning  a  collision  of  the  clouds.  VS, 

dtdim',  Lncr.  t.  1153  sqq.  G.  Af.   Sen.  N.  Q.  i.  I  sqq.  R. 

223.  VU  numquam  trtMtit  esse  ?  recte  226.  Iratu*  <  sent  by  the  deity  in  his 

vmr;  was  an  excellent  precept  of  Isidore,  auj^r:'  thus  iracunda  fulmina ;  Hor.  I 

LU.   This  is  a  vivid  picture  of  the  sense  Od.  iii.  40.  ^»»»r§9  tyx»r  Find.  N.  v. 

of  rdigion  bursting  forth  in  the  guilty  90.  R.  cf.  v,  93.   Ov.  Her.  viL  72. 

breast,  in  spite  of  every  effort  to  smother  '  Is  fraught  with  retributive  justice.* 

and  extingnish  it.  cf.  Sen.  N.  Q.  ii.  59.  227.  lUa  '  if  that  first.'  LU. 

R»    Here  again  it  is  probable  that  our  228.  '  This  brief  respite  is  but  the 

anlhor  had  Lucretius  in  his  thoughts  :  calm  before  the  gathering  storm.* 

pr^ttrwm,  eui  nam  animus  formidine  divUm  With  these  Imes  compare  the  following 

awsfrdkifiirl  cur  nor  eonrepunt  membra  fine  passage:  "  Let  the  great  gods,  That 

pamerttfuimimMkerrilnlieum plaga  torrida  keep  this  dreadful  pother  o'er  our  heads, 

uUmg  emtremii,  et  magnum  pereurrunt  Find  out  their  enemies  now.    Tremble, 

mmrmmrm  rs/iunl    non  papuli  gentetque  thou  wretch,  That  hast  within  thee  un- 

tretmwUl  regeeqmM  iupertn  eonripiunt  di-  divulged  crimes,  Unwhipp'd  of  justice : 

peratUi  wiembra  timore,  ne  quod  ob  hide  thee,  thou  bloody  hand ;  Thou  per- 

dktumve  tuperbe  pcBnarum  jured,  and  thou  simular  man  of  virtue. 


grmm  tit  eohendi  temput  adactumt  v.  That  art  incestuous:   caitiff,  to  pieces 

1217  sqq.    These  are  noble  lines  :  and,  shake.  That  under  covert  and  convenient 

indiccd,  thoagh  I  feel,  and  have  often  seeming  Hast  practised  on  man*s  life ! 

•xpfcssed,  a  contempt  of  this  author's  Close  pent-up  guilts,  Rive  your  conceal- 

pliilosopbica1»  yet  I  venerate  his  poetical,  ing  continent*,  and  cry  These  dreadful 

talcnCe.    The  book  here  quoted  (for  ex-  summoners  grace  ;"  Shaksp.  K.  Lear, 

ampk)  is  an   unrivalled    composition.  III.  ii.  M, 

la  pathoe,  in  energy,  in  richness  of  Ian-        229.  '*  Its  burning  vigil,  deadliest  foe 

goage,  in  foil  and  genuine  sublimity,  it  to  sleep.  In  their  distemper'd  frame  if 

Icftves  every  thing,  I  think,  in  the  Latin  fever  keep.  Or  sharp  pleuritic  pains  their 

langnagtf  vaiy  far  beneath  it.  G.  rest  prevent,  They  deem  that  every  god 


320 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  XIII. 


2d0  Si  ccepere  patii  missum  ad  sua  corpora  morbum 
Infesto  credunt  a  numine :  saxa  Deorum 
Hoec  et  tela  putant.     Pecudem  spondere  sacello 
Balantem  et  Laribus  cristam  promittere  galli 
Non  audent :  quid  enim  sperare  nocentibus  asgris 

235  Concessum?  vel  quae  non  dignior  hostia  vita? 
Mobilis  et  varia  est  ferme  natura  malorum. 
Quum  scelus  admittunt,  superest  constantia.     Quid  fas 
Atque  nefas,  tandem  incipiunt  sentire  peractis 
Criminibus.     Tamen  ad  mores  natura  recurrit 

240  Damnatos,  fixa  et  mutari  nescia.     Nam  quis 
Peccandi  iinem  posuit  sibi  ?  quando  recepit 


his  bow  has  bent !  That  pains  and  aches 
are  stones  and  arrows  nurl'd  At  bold 
oiifenders  in  this  nether  world!"  BM. 

230.  Cf.  Hor.  II  Od.viii.  1  sqq.(M/.)R. 

23 1  •  Tu,  Epicure,  deum  inermemfaei$ : 
omnia  illi  telUfOmnemdetraxistipotentiam, 
et,  lie  euiquam  metuendui  esset,  prnjecisli 
ilium  extra  motum;  Sen.  de  Hen.  iv.  19. 
Acute  diseases  were  supposed  to  be  sent 
by  the  arrows  of  Apollo  and  Diana.  U. 
cf*.  Horn.  II.  A  10  &c.  The  red  right 
hand  of  offended  deities  was  looked  upon 
as  armed  with  the  forked  fires  and  rever- 
berating  peal  of  the  thunderbolt ;  ("  Have 
I  not  heard  great  ordnance  in  the  field  1 
And  heaven's  artillery  thunder  in 
the  skies?"  Shak$p.  T.  of  the  Shr.  I.  ii.) 
but  plague,  pestilence,  and  disease,  no 
less  than  thunder  and  lightning,  were 
reckoned  among  the  weapons,  with  which 
heaven's  arsenals  (armamentaria  ccrli, 
V.  83.)  were  furnished. 

233.  Cf.  Plin.  x.  21.  On  recovery 
from  illness,  it  was  customary  to  offer  a 
cock  to  i^sculapius.  SCU.  crista  gnlli  is 
a  periphrasis.  PH.  cf.  xii.  96.  Plat 
rhasd.  66.  Plin.  x.  56  *  77.  ft. 

234.  IlA^r  ftui  iue»fAtf  i^iit,  ^Mutrtt 
t(y»  il9^t$n^  Xen.  atqite  hoc  ueleiti  in 
auimum  tnducunt  suum,  Jovem  se  plaeare 
posse  donis,  hostiis ;  et  operam  et  sunttum 
}terduvnt :  id  eofit,  quia  nihil  ei  acceptum 
est  a  perjuris  supplieii ;  Plant.  R.  pr.  22 
sqq.  G. 

236.  Hoc  habent  inter  cetera  boni  mores, 
placent  sibi  ac  permanent :  levis  est  malitia, 
sape  mutatur,  non  in  melius,  sed  in  aliud  ; 
Sen.  £p.  47.  R. 

Natura  malorum  *  the  character  of  bad 
men.'  R, 


237.  Quid  egeris,  turn  patehit  cum  ami' 
mum  ages ;  Sen.  FA. 

238.  Perpetrato  scelere,  ^us  magnitndo 
demum  eopioseitur ;  Sen.  SCH.  df.  174, 
note.  Such  was  the  case  in  the  Ml  of 
our  first  parents :  Gen.  iii.  7.  &c. 

239.  Custom  becomes  second  natore. 
VS,  cf.  vii.  50  sqq.  R.  ex  liolnntute  perversa 

facia  est  libido  \  et  dum  servitur  libidimi, 
facta  est  consuetude ;  et  dum  eonsuetudimi 
non  resiititur,  facta  est  tieeessitas ;  Aagust. 
Conf.  viii.  5.  naturam  expellasfurea,  fa- 
men  usque  recurret ',  Hor.  I  £p.  x.  24  iq. 
PR.  "  As  a  dog  retameth  to  his  Tomit ; 
so  a  fool  returneth  to  his  fully  ;"  Prov. 
xxvi.  11.  "  It  is  happened  unto  them 
according  to  the  true  proverb.  The  dog  is 
turned  to  his  own  vomit  ai;ain  ;  and  the 
sow  that  was  washed  to  her  wallowing 
in  the  mire ;"  II  St  Peter  ii.  22.  FA, 
'*  Can  the  Ethiopian  change  his  skin,  or 
the  leopard  his  spots  1  Then  may  ye  also 
do  goooy  that  are  accustomed  to  do  evil ;" 
Jer.  xiii.  23.  cf.  xiv.  13,  note. 

241.  NuUum  enim  vitium  desinit  tibi 
incipit ;  Sen.  FA.  No  nicked  man  could 
ever  sav  to  his  evil  propensity, "  Hitherto 
shalt  thou  come,  but  no  further  ;  end 
here  shall  thy  proud  waves  be  stayed  ;*' 
Job  xxxviii.  II.  cf.  ii.  83,  note.  ilf. 
The  Christian  can  hardly  wish  for  • 
more  decisive  inference  in  favour  of  the 
Gospel  than  is  aflforded  by  this  passage. 
Heathenism  could  offer  no  sufficient 
inducement  to  repentance  ;  and  therefore 
the  mind,  once  engaged  in  sin,  was  for 
ever  enslaved  to  it ;  and  in  the  jnst  re- 
presentation of  the  Apostle,  "  gave  itself 
over  to  work  all  unclean nese  with  greedi- 
ness ;"  Eph.  iv.  19.  From  what  &  dread- 


SAT.  XIII.  OF  JUVENAL.  321 

Ejectum  semel  adtrita  de  frorite  ruborem  ? 
Quisnam  hominum  est,  quern  tu  coutentum  videris  uno 
Flagitio  ?    Dabit  in  laqueum  vestigia  noster 
245  Perfidus  et  nigri  patietur  carceris  uncum 

Aut  maris  JEge^i  rupem  scopulosque  frequentes 
Exsulibus  magnis.     Pcena  gaudcbis  amara 
Nominis  invisi  tandemque  fatcbere  la^tus, 
Nee  surdiim  nee  Tiresiam  quemquam  esse  Deorum. 

fol  wctoe  of  determined  vice  and  impeDi-  244.  In  the  ilagiographa  the  wicked 

tcoce  hat  the  Christian  world  been  rescued  are  often  represented  as  layin^^  a  snare 

b/   the  acceptance  of  the  doctrine  of  for  their  own  feet;  as  in  Job  xviii.  8 — 10. 

renissioD  of  tin  through  the  agency  of  a  Psalm  ix.  15  sq.  Prov.  v.  22.  M.   Or,  it 

mediator!  Those  who  would  admit  the  may  mean, "Give  him  cord  enough,  and 

morality  of  the  Gospel  without  its  doc-  he  will  bang  himself;"  or  "  Let  him  go 

trinal  points,  should  think  again  of  this,  on :  he  will  come  to  the  gallows  at  last." 

It  is  observable  that  Juvenal,  who  had  245.    ihicum  ;  cf.  x.  (i6.  LU,     It  ra- 

bccD  certainly  benefited  by  the  precepts  ther  means  here  '  the  staple'  in  the  dun- 

of  Christianity,  was  uninfluenced  by  its  geon  to  which  the  prisoner's  chains  were 

fisilh  :  but  thu  was  for  a  time  the  case  of  fixed.  Ov.  Am.  1.  vi.  25.  (H.)  R. 

hemthenism  at  large.     The  world  was  246.  Pers.  v.  142.  PIL  cf.  vi.  563  sq. 

silently  improved  by  the  spreading  in-  M.  i.  73.  R, 

floence  of  tne  Gospel ;  till  at  length  the  248.  }^omin\$  i.  «.  homxnis.  SCH,  Tib. 

cooviciioD  of  its   divinity  became   too  III.  iv.  61.  (HF.)    Hor.  Ill  Od.  xzvil. 

strong  to  be  suppressed ;  and  what  began  34.  ( BY,)  K. 

ID    tbie   humbler  admiration    of   moral  249.  "  That  Heaven  is  neither  deaf 

parity,  ended  in  the  dignity  of  faith,  nor  blind."  G.     Tiresias,  the  blind  pro- 

G.  phetof Thebes  Ov.M.iii.322sqg.(B{7.) 

242.  Ciim  perfrieuit  frontftn  posuitque  Hyg.  F.  75.  SCH.  cf.  1 13  sqq.  M.  Call. 

pM^smi;  Mart.  XI.  xxvii.  7.  LI7.   Cic.  H.  m  Lav.  Pall.  82.  (6P.)    Apoll.  III. 

T.  Q.  iiL  18.  Calv.  in  Quint.  IX.  ii.  25.  vi.  7.  (HY.)  R,     Compare  with  this  the 

ER,  CI.  Cic.  '  ptrfrieart,*  H.  Jer.  iii.  3.  fine  opening  of  Claudian's  first  invective 

JC  against  Rufinus. 


2  T 


SATIRE    XIV. 


ARGUMENT. 

The  subjects  of  this  Satire  arc  of  the  most  important  kind,  and  the  poet, 
as  if  fully  aware  of  it,  has  treated  them  in  his  best  manner.  In  none  of 
his  works  does  he  take  a  loftier  flight ;  in  none  is  he  more  vigorous  and 
energetic ;  in  none  more  clear  and  precise  in  his  style,  more  original  in 
his  conceptions,  more  happy  in  his  illustrations,  or  more  powerful  and 
commanding  in  his  general  deductions. 

The  whole  is  directed  to  the  one  great  end  of  self-improvement.  By 
showing  the  dreadful  facility  with  which  children  copy  the  vices  of  their 
parents,  1  sqq.  31  sqq.  he  points  out  the  necessity,  as  well  as  the  sacred 
duty,  of  giving  them  examples  of  domestic  purity  and  virtue.  38 — 85. 

After  briefly  enumerating  the  several  vices  of  gaming,  4  sq.  gluttony,  6—14. 
cruelty,  15 — 25.  debauchery,  25 — 30.  &c.  86  sqq.  which  youth  imper- 
ceptibly imbibe  from  their  ciders;  iH  sqq.  he  enters  more  at  large  into 
that  of  avarice;  of  which  he  shows  the  fatal  and  inevitable  conse" 
quences.   107  sqq. 

Nothing  can  surpass  the  exquisiteness  of  this  division  of  the  Satire,  in 
which  he  traces  the  progress  of  that  passion  in  the  youthful  mind,  from 
the  paltry  tricks  of  saving  a  broken  meal,  126 — 13?.  to  the  daring  vio- 
lation of  every  principle  human  and  divine.  215 — 255. 

Having  placed  the  absurdity,  as  well  as  the  perplexity  and  danger,  of  im- 
moderate desires  in  every  possible  point  of  view,  256 — 314.  the  piece 
concludes  with  a  solemn  admonition  to  be  satisfied  with  those  comforts 
and  conveniences  which  nature  and  wisdom  require,  and  which  a  decent 
competence  is  easily  calculated  to  supply.  315 — 326.  Beyond  this, 
desire  is  infinite :  a  gulf  which  nothing  can  fill,  an  ocean  without 
soundings  and  without  shores  !  327 — 331.  G. 

With  the  latter  part  of  this  Satire,  compare  Horace  I  S.  i.  and  II  S.  iii. 
108  sqq.     With  the  former,  Seneca  de  Ira,  ii.  22.  and  Ep.  97>  R. 


SAT.  xiT.      THE  SATIRES  OF  JUVENAL.  323 


Plurima  sunt,  Fuscine,  et  fama  digna  sinistra 
£t  nitidis  maculam  hsesuram  figentia  rebus. 
Quae  monstrant  ipsi  pueris  traduntque  parentes. 
Si  damnosa  senem  juvat  alea,  ludit  et  heres 
5  BuUatus  panroque  eadem  movet  anna  fritillo. 
Nee  melius  de  se  cuiquam  sperare  propinquo 
Concedet  juvenis,  qui  radere  tubera  terrse, 
Boletum  condire,  et  eodem  jure  natantes 
Mergere  ficedulas  didicit,  nebulone  parente 
10  Et  cana  monstrante  gula.     Quum  septimus  annus 
Transient  puero,  nondum  omni  dente  renato, 

1.  It  if  Dot  known  who  Fuseinu$  was.  6.  De  te  *  of  the  son  than  of  the  sire/ 

LU.  LU,  or  •  of  him  than  of  the  one  before 

3.  JliniiCraiii  refers  to  their  examples ;  mentioned.'  M.    **  Nor  does  that  infant 

ffWmit  to  their  precepts,  li,  fairer  hopes  inspire,  Who,  under  the  gray 

Cf.  Plut.  d»  lant.  Lib.  uiinam  lihero-  epicure,  l>is  sire,  lias  learn 'd  to  pickle 

rum  naUrorum  mores  noH  ipsi  perderemttt !  mushrooms,  and.  like  him,  To  souse  the 

injpaitiam  Uatim  delieiit  toivimus:  moUit  beccaficos,  till  they  swim  !"  G. 

iila  miucatio,  quam  indHtgentiam  vocamus,  7.  *  To  peel  and  scrape.'  cf.  v.  116. 

mtrvM  omne$  et  mentis  et  corporis  franuit.  LU.  '  trumes,    morilies,    champii^nons.* 

fuid  mm  mduUue  coneupiseetf  qui  in  pur-  Ov.  Am.  III.  xv.  *2.   Id.  Med.  Fac.  85. 

^ris  repitl  nondum  prima  verba  expri-  (II.)    Ijfcoperdon   tuber  of   Linnaeus,  cf. 

msiitHjameoeeumintetligitfjamcon-  Mart.    Xlil.    I.    Diosc.  ii>    175.  Plut. 

chylium   poseit!    ante    palatum   eorum  Symp.  Q.  iv.  1 1.  R. 

fum  OS   instituimus.  gaudemuf,   si  quid  8.  Rletus;  cf.  v.  147.  SCII. 

Kenliut  dixeriut,  verba  ne  Alexandrinis  9.  '  The  fig-pecker*  was  esteemed  a 

fuidtm  ptrmittenda  dtlieiis,  risu  et  oscuto  great  delicacy.  Ath.  ii.  21.  Plin.  x.  29  s 

€xeipimus,  nee  mtnim :  nos  docuimus,  ex  44.  (H.'l.  )    It   was  tlie  only    bird    of 

neHne  mudierunt ;  omne  conviiium  obseenis  wliich  epicures  allowed  the  whole  to  be 

eamtieif    sirepit:    fit   ex   his  eonsuetudo,  eaten:    Gel),  xv.  8.  mm  me  ficus  alat, 

deinde  netura.  discunt  hac  miseri,  ante-  cum  pa>car  dulcibus  mis,  cur  p*ttiiisnonien 

^mam  seiant  vitia  esse :  inde  soluti  ac  flu-  non  dedit  uva  mihi9    Mait.  XIII.  xlix. 

emtes^  nam  mecipiunt  e  seholis  mala  ista,  sed  PR. 

im  aeholas  affrrunt;  Quint.  I.  ii.  6  sqq.  10.    Literally  '  the  gray  gullet*  i.  e. 

PH*  '  Tbe  child  whose  swaddling  clothes  '  the  hoary  glutton.'   So  in  the  Apostle's 

were  of  parple,   was  taught   to  know  quotation  from  the  Cretan  poet,  ya^ri^ss 

scarlet  ana  call  for  crimsoQ,  before  a^a)  (literally   'slow   bellieH*)   niciins 

he  coald  speak  plainly!'     It  is  rather  'lazy  gluttons/   Titus  i.  12.  M.  cf.  iv. 

ringular  that  Juvenal  should  have  over-  39.  R,    Thin  is  appositely  applied  by  old 

looked  this  ioitance  of  absurd  and  perni-  Knowell.      Speaking  of   the   education 

cious  indulgence,  which  so  well  deserved  which  he  eavo  his  son,  he  says,  "  Nci- 

the  lash  of  tbe  satirist.  G.  ther  have  I  Drest  snaiN  or  mu^^hrooms 

4.  "  Ifgamingdoes  an  aged  sire  entice,  curiously  before  him;  Perfumed  my 
Then  my  young  master  swiftly  learns  sauces,  and  taught  him  to  make  them, 
fbe  vice  And  shakes  in  hanging  sleeves  Preceding  still  with  my  gray  cluttony, 
tbe  little  box  and  dice."  D.  cf.  i.  89  At  all  the  ord'naries,  and  only  fear'd 
sq.  R.  Ilis    palate   should  degenerate,  not  his 

5.  if niM  ;  note  on  i.  91.  M.  manners;"  Every  Man  in  his  Humour. 
FriiiUo,  a  diminutive  o(/ritinnus  an  old     G. 

word.  SA,  cf.  Pen.  iii.  50.  PR,  Theoph.         1 1.  Post  septem  menses  mandibulis  dentes 
Cb.  V.  4.  (CilS.)  A*  emergunt  infantibus;  pott  annos  septem  qui 


324 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  XIT. 


Barbatos  licet  adinoveas  mille  inde  magiatros, 
Hinc  totidem,  cupiet  lauto  coenare  paratu 
Semper  et  a  magna  non  degenerare  culina. 

15  Mitcm  animum  et  mores  mocUcis  erroribus  aequos 
Prsecipit  atque  animas  servorum  et  corpora  nostra 
Materia  constare  putat  paribusque  elenientis, 
An  ssevire  docet  Rutilus,  qui  gaudet  acerbo 
Plagarum  strepitu  et  nullam  Sirena  flagellis 

20  Comparaty  Antiphates  trepidi  laris  ac  Polyphemus, 
Turn  felix,  quoties  aliquis  tortore  vocato 
Uritur  ardenti  duo  propter  lintea  ferro  ? 
Quid  suadet  juveni  Isetus  stridore  eaten®, 
Quern  mire  afficiunt  inscripta  ergastula,  career 


primi  denies  etnerserant,  aliis  aptioribus  ad 
cibiim  aolidum  ncucentibus  cedunt ;  Macr. 
S.  Sc.  i.  6.  editii  infantihus  primores  denies 
teptimo  gignuntur  menu :  iidem  anno  sep- 
iimo  decidunt,  aliique  sufficiuntur ;  PliD. 
vii.  16.  PR. 

12.  Barbatos  *  philosophers.'  LU.  Pers. 
iv.  1.  Ancient  sages  were  so  called  by 
the  Romans  out  of  respect :  Cic.  Fin.  iv. 
barba  siflvosa  et  puiere  alita,  quamvis  res 
ipsa  sit  exterior  et  fortuita^  inter  hominis 
eruditi  iminnia  recensetur;  Plin.  Ep.  Ath. 
xiii.  PR.  Hor.  US.  iii.  35.  M.  Spectator, 
No.  331. 

'  Although  you  place  a  thousand  Stoics 
on  one  fide  of  him,  and  a  thousand  Cynics 
on  the  other  to  instil  abstinence  and  tem- 
perance.* M.  R. 

13.  Adeo  in  teneris  consueseere  multum 
est ;  Virg.  G.  ii.  272.  Hor.  I  Ep.  ii.  69 
sq.  vet  us  comuetudo  natures  vim  obi  i  net ; 
Cic.  de  Inv.  quasi  altera  natura  est ;  Id. 
de  Fin.  Id,  T.  Q.  ii.  40.  PR.  cf.  xiii.  239, 
note. 

14.  •  Not  to  degenerate  either  in  prin- 
ciple or  in  practice,  from  the  profuse 
luxury  of  his  father's  ample  kitchen.'  M. 

15.  Understand  the  enclitic  ne,  BRI. 
an,  PR.  or  num.  R. 

*  To  moderate  faults.'  nam  titiii  nemo 
sine  nascitur  ;  optimus  Hie  est,  qui  minimis 
nr^etur',  Hor.  I  S.  iii.  68  sq.  LU. 

16.  The  order  of  the  words  is  animas 
et  corpora  nervorum  constare  nostra  materia. 

17.  'Of  the  same  materials  as  our 
own,  and  of  the  like  element?.'  LU.  PR. 
cf.  vi.  222.  M.  Arr.  Epict.  Diss.  xiii.  R. 
One  of  the  best  chapters  in  Macrobius  is 


on  the  subject  cf  slavery.  It  containi  a 
direct  allusion  to  this  passage :  tiln  mutem 
unde  in  servos  tantum  §t  tarn  immane  fat^ 
Xidium 9  quasinon  ex  iisdem  tibi  et  rvmtent 
et  alantur  elementis,  eumdemfiue  tpiritum 
ab  eodem  prtncipe  carpant  !  vistu  cogileure 
eos,  quos  jus  tuum  vocas,  ludem  uminiimt 
ortost  eodem  frui  ectio,  aque  tivtre  atque 
moril  i.  2.  Thes2  last  expressions  are 
taken  from  Seneca,  who  is  a  ma^axiiie 
of  good  things,  to  which  oar  author, 
as  well  as  Macrobius,  was  food  of  apply- 
ing. G. 

18.  Rutilus  appears  to  have  been  a 
tyrannical  master:  we  know  nothing 
more  of  him.     But  see  xi.  2  &c.  PR* 

19.  Cf.  ix.  160.  PR. 

20.  Antiphates  king  of  the  LMtir* 
gonians,  VS.  who  were  cannibals.  Lu, 
Hom.  Od.  R  1 14  sqq.  PA.  Or.  M.  sdv. 
233  sqq.  R. 

Ixir  here  signifies  *  a  household,'  u  9, 
*  the  domestics.'  LU, 

Polyphemus ;  ix.  64.  PR,  Hom.  Od.  A 
68.  R. 

21.  Tartar;  cf.  ri.  480.  M. 

22.  *  Red-hot  iron  plates  were  used  in 

?uttin^  slaves  to  the  torture.'  PAS.  Prop. 
II.  vii.  35.  Charit.  Apbr.  i.  5.  pr.  R. 
'  For  a  couple  of  towels,  either  lost  or 
stolen.'  FA. 

23.  CateuiB ;  viii.  180.  note.  FA. 

24.  Quetn  relates  to  the  fiither.  PR. 
luKripta  *  branded  on  the  forehead.' 

FA,  vificti  pedes f  damnata  manus,  in- 
scripti  vuUus  rura  exereent  \  Plin.  xviii. 
3.  Mart.  VIII.  Ixxv.  9.  intuti;  Plio. 
xxii.  3.     Hence  slaves  are  called  UUrmti 


SAT.  XIV. 


OF  JUVENAL. 


325 


25  Rusticus?  Exspectas,  ut  non  sit  adultera  Largae 
Filia,  quee  Dumquam  maternos  dicere  moechos 
Tarn  cito  nee  tanto  potent  contexere  cursu, 
Ut  non  ter  decies  respiret?  Conscia  matri 
Virgo  fuit:  ceras  nunc  hac  dictante  pusillas 

do  Implet  et  ad  moechos  dat  eisdem  ferre  cinaedis. 
Sic  natura  jubet :  velocius  et  citius  nos 
Corrumpunt  vitiorum  exempla  domestica,  magnis 
Quum  subeunt  animos  auctoribus.     Unus  et  alter 
Forsitan  hsec  spernant  juvenes,  quibus  arte  benigna 

d5  Et  meliore  luto  finxit  prsecordia  Titan : 

Sed  reliquos  fugienda  patrum  vestigia  ducunt 
Et  monstrata  diu  veteris  trahit  orbita  culpse. 
Abstineas  igitur  damnandis :  hujus  enim  vel 
Una  potens  ratio  est,  ne  crimina  nostra  sequantur 

40  Ex  nobis  geniti :  quoniam  deciles  imitandis 


*  men  of  letters'  by  PUutus,  Cas.  II.  vi. 
49.  and  Apuleius,  M.  ix.  Cicero  calls  a 
mao  e&mpMurtum  ntah^  $ti s^n*  i*i^  \ 
Off.  ii.  7.  »»rdy^mfH*  rrtyfiMriat,  VfXi)- 
f)l  mm  sMBMff  kw^  rSn  myfiarttt^  9r»XXk 
\ft9tlkAfmt  ^X*^  **^  nf/«ir«  rtif  \y»avfttA' 
«w*-  Lac.  CaUp.  24.  28.  cf.  x.  183. 
Claud.  XX.  344.  Petr.  103.  p.  480.  {BU,) 
Colam.  X.  125.  (G£.)  Plin.  Pan.  xxxv. 
3.  iSZ,)  DioK.  Par.  i.  116.  iv.  76.  R, 
PR. 

Ergatiula  b  here  pat  for  the  slaves 
themielTes.  FA,  vi.  151,  note,  eoli  rura 
ah  tmUulU  pemmum  at ;  Plin.  xviii. 
6.  PiL  The  abstract  for  the  concrete. 
R. 

Career.  The  ergastula,  wliich  were 
generallj  in  the  coantry,  were  nnder- 
groaDd  cellars,  lighted  by  narrow  grat- 
ings, and  were  used  as  dungeons  for  re- 
fractory or  runaway  slaves.  IL 

25.  Cf.  vi.  239  sqq.  SCIL 

Larga  most  have  been  notorious  at 
that  day.  SCH. 

26.  Cf.  X.  220  sqq.  Af. 

27.  '  Nor  string  together  with  such 
raindity.'  FA. 

28.  Caiueia ;  in.  49.  M. 

29.  '  little  love-leUers,'  FA.  *  petiti 
hUUti-dmx  ;'  or  the  young  lady  had  her 
little  tablets,  as  the  young  gentleman  had 
hU  liula  dice-box.  M.  cf.  vi.233  and  239 
aqq.  R. 


30.  '  And  gives  to  the  very  same  go- 
betweens  to  carry  to  her  sweethearts.' 
LU. 

31.  Plus  homines  exemplo  qnam  ptceato 
noeent ;  Cic.  Leg.  iii.  32.  LU.  Sen.  de  Ira 
ii.  22.  Quint.  Inst.  i.  2.  Plut.  de  Puer. 
Inst.  R, 

32.  W  hose  authority  can  be  greater 
than  that  of  a  parent  ?  SCH,  quod  «r- 
emplo  Jitt  id  etiam  jure  fieri  putant ;  Cic. 
Ep.  iv.  3.  PR. 

33.  '  When  they  insinuate  themselves 
into.'  LU. 

34.  These  instances  are  but  exceptions 
to  the  general  rule :  for  ad  detniora 
faciles  mmui;    Sen.  Ep.  97.  i'ft. 

35.  Promeifteus;  rf.  iv.  133.  viii.  132. 
PR.  vi.  13.  notes.  i70>i  Tl^»finftht  frXftri 
»m)  Tfi>^v  /An  *^  Iri^tu  yiynms'  Callira.  fr. 
133.  On  the  other  hand,  we  have  those, 
dfteriore  luto  quos  condidit ;  Claud,  xx. 
496.  R. 

37.  Orhita  is  properly  '  the  track  of  a 
wheel  :*  iic  orbem  reipublictB  f>se  conver- 
sum,  ut  xux  soniUim  uudire,  vtx  ingreisam 
orhitam  videre  quit  posset ;  Cic.  to  Att.  ii. 
21.  PR.  hence  it  comes  to  signify  *  the 
course  of  life  :'  neque  id  ah  orbita  matrum- 
familias  instituti ;  Varro  io  Non.  xiv.  n, 
37.  R. 

40.  Ut  intfeuinm  at  hominum  proclive 
ad  Ub'ulinem  ;  Ter.  Au.  I.  i.  50  sq.  VS. 
Sil.  i.  237.  xi.  11./?. 


926 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  XIT. 


Turpibus  ac  pravis  omnes  sumus;  et  Catilinam 
Quocumque  in  populo  videas,  quocumque  sub  axe : 
Sed  nee  Brutus  erit,  firuti  nee  avunculus  usquam. 
Nil  dietu  foedum  visuque  haec  limina  tangat, 

45  Intra  quae  puer  est.     Procul  hinc,  procul  inde  puellse 
Lenonum  et  cantus  pernoctantis  parasiti. 
Maxima  debetur  puero  reverentia.     Si  quid 
Turpe  paras,  ne  tu  pueri  contemseris  annos : 
Sed  peccaturo  obstet  tibi  filius  infans. 

50  Nam  si  quid  dignum  Censoris  fecerit  ira 

Quandoque  et  similem  tibi  se  non  corpore  tantum 
Nee  vultu  dederit,  morum  quoque  filius  et  qui 
Omnia  deterius  tua  per  vestigia  peccet, 
Corripies  nimirum  et  castigabis  acerbo 

55  Clamore  ac  post  haec  tabulas  mutare  parabis. 
Unde  tibi  frontem  libertatemque  parentis, 
Quum  facias  pejora  senex  vacuumque  cerebro 
Jam  pridem  caput  hoc  vcntosa  cucurbita  quaerat  ? 


41.  Omne  tempn$  Ciodios,  non  omne 
Catones  fert ',  Sen.  Ep.  J)7.  LU, 

42.  Axe;  viii.  116.  vi.  470. 

43.  Brutiis,  the  chief  conspirator 
against  Cicsar,  was  the  son  of  Servilia, 
who  was  sister  to  (.  ato  of  Utica.  L(/.  cf. 
V.  37.  ii.  40.  PR, 

44.  Deeply  impressed  with  the  vast 
importance  of  his  maxims,  Juvenal  de- 
livers them  in  this  place  with  a  kind  of 
religious  solemnity.  That  they  were 
highly  necessary  may  be  learnt  from 
Quintiliao,  quoted  in  note  on  t.  3.  G. 

45.  This  was  the  formulary  of  speech 
made  use  of  at  religious  solemnities  to 
prohibit  the  approach  of  the  profane ;  M. 
and  intimates  that  the  threshold,  within 
which  there  was  a  child,  was  to  be  held 
sacred.  R.  ii.  89,  note,  hinc  procul 
JEsonulenit  procul  hincjubet  ire  minisiroSt 
et  monet  areanis  octdos  removere  profano*  ; 
Ov.  M.  vii.  255  sq. 

46.  '  The  pander's  girls'  and  '  the 
parasite's  mianight  song'  were  only 
calculated  to  corrupt  the  morals  of 
}Ouih. 

Cf.i.  139.  ?R. 

47.  Cato  the  Censor  was  as  guarded 
in  his  language  and  beiiaviour  before  his 
SOD,  as  though  he  had  been  in  the  pre- 
senct  of  tb«  Vestals.  Plut.  LU, 


48.  '  Never  fall  into  the  mistake  of 
thinking  him  too  young  to  get  any  barm.' 
cf.  Hor.  A.  P.  163.  PR,  There  is  a 
homely  English  proverb,  which  says 
"  Little  pitchers  have  great  ears." 

49.  "  Think  that  your  infant  offispring 
eyes  the  deed ;  A  nd  let  the  thought 
abate  your  guilty  speed,  Back  from  the 
headlong  steep  your  steps  entice.  And 
check  you  tottering  on  the  verge  of  vice." 
G, 

50.  '  The  anger'  i.  e,  *  the  animadver- 
sion and  punishment.'  VS, 

51.  Q,uamtoque\  ii.  82. 

54.  ^imiram  ;  ii.  104.  R, 

55.  PareriteSt  si  pergunt  liberi  errart, 
bonis  exheredant,  inquit  Metelliu  ;  Gell.  i. 
6,  PR. 

56.  Understand  sumeSf  LU,  oo  which 
elliptical  form  of  expression,  cf.  Ov.  Her. 
xii.  84.  (H.)  R,  quo  ore  ilium  (^jurgahilX 
responde  mihi ;  Ter.  Phor.  V.  viL  63. 
VS, 

57.  Cerebrum  comilii  sedes  est ;  Macr. 
vii.  5.  and  9.  cerebrum  est  velut  arx  sen- 
suum  ....  hie  mentis  eat  regimen ;  Plio. 
xi.  37.  PR,  In  English  likewise  we  use 
'  brain'  for  •  sense.' 

58.  '  The  exhausted  cupping  glass,' 
'  ventouse,*  phreniticis,  cceipitio  incise, 
curcurbita  admovenda  ettf  Cels.  iii.  18. 


SAT.  XIV.  OF  JUVENAL.  327 

■ 

Hospite  venturo,  cessabit  nemo  tuorum. 

GO  "  Verre  pavimentum,  nitidas  ostende  columnas, 
Arida  cum  tota  descendat  aranea  tela, 
Hie  leve  argentum,  vasa  aspera  tergcat  alter ;" 
Vox  domini  furit  instantis  virgamque  tenentis. 
Ergo  miser  trepidas,  ne  stercore  foeda  canino 

65  Atria  displiceant  oculis  venientis  amici, 
Ne  perfusa  luto  sit  porticus ;  et  tamen  uno 
Semodio  scobis  hsec  emundat  servulus  unus. 
Illud  non  agitas,  ut  sanctam  filius  omni 
Adspiciat  sine  labe  domum  vitioque  carentem  ? 

70  Gratum  est,  quod  patriaB  civem  populoque  dedisti, 
Si  facis,  ut  patriae  sit  idoneus,  utilis  agris, 
Utilis  et  bellorum  ct  pacis  rebus  agendis. 

Jd.'ii.  11.  vii.  26.  Plin.  xxxii.  10.  Plut.  which  is  embossed.'  argento  perfeeta  at" 

d€  Ao.  Tr.  and  Q.  Plat,  med.     It  was  so  que  aspera  tignis  pocula  ;   Virg.  ^.  ix. 

called  from  resembiin;;  a  ^  o  u  r  d  in  shape.  263.  v.  267.  (  HY.)  Pers.  iii.  69  «q.  VS. 

Or  a  tpeciei  of  gourd  (»a>.a»vths)  may  LU,  i.  76,  note.  M.  Sil.  ii.  432.  v.  141. 

be  meant;  [some  of  which  are  valuable  Ov.  M.  xii.  235.  xiii.  700.  (//.)  R. 
and   powerful  medicines;     a»   'colo-         63.  "The  master  cries,  Whips  in  his 

Gjnth*  or  'the  bitter  apple/  and  the  hands  and  fury  in  his  eyes."  G. 
■ediment  from  the  juice  of  the  momordica        65.  '  The  entrance  hall  was  usually  a 

or  *  squirting  cucumber/ known  by  the  very  filthy  place;  and  indeed  nothing 

name  of  tlaterium.    The  latter  plant  is  can  be  more  so  than  the  atria  of  the 

indigeooas  in  the  South  of  Europe.]  cf.  Italian   nobility  at   this  day.      In  one 

Plio.  XX.  3.  Ath.  ii.  18.  J.  PR,  JR.  corner  horses  are  tied  up  and   fed,  in 

59.  Qui  domum  intraverity  noi  potius  another  a  cobbler  is  at  work,  in  a  third 
mintur,  quam  tupelUetilem  nostrain ;  Sen.  a  pedlar  displaying  bis  wares,  &c.  &c. 
£p.  5.  J.  nam  domum  aut  viliam  exitruere  G . 

matqut  aignis,  aulais    aliisqut    operibus  67.    '  Saw>dust'   was  probably   used 

cronuirf  et  omnia  p(Aius  quam  stmet  viten-  among  them  (as  it  is  now  in  the  shops  of 

dum  gjfietre,  id   ett,  non  divitias  decori  London)  for  laying  the  dust  while  the 

hmberg,  ted  iptum  iliit  flagitio  esse ;  Sail,  dirt  was  swept  away  :    as  housemaids 

de  Rep.  Ord.  i.  ft.  sprinkle  tea-leaves  over  a  carpet  before 

60.  The   Roman  floors  were  either  they  brush  out  the  room. 

ptved  with  stone  or  marble,  or  made  of  a  Our  stone  or  brick  floors  are  strewed 

sort  of  stacco  composed  of  shells  reduced  with  sand  for  cleanliness.  M,     Helioga- 

to  powder  and  mixed  in  a  due  consistency  balus  was  said  to  strew  his  gallery  with 

with  water;  this,  when  dry,  was  very  gold  and  silver  dust  HO,  cf.  Col.  IV. 

hard  and  imooth.     Hence  pavimentum  xxix.  16.  (SGAT.)  R, 

was  called  oUrocfttiii  or  l»itac«um.  These  68.  Sanctam;    Hot,  IV  Od.  iv.  25. 

floors  are  common  in  Italy  to  this  day.  (BY.)  R, 

BRL  M.  69.  *'  And  do  you  stir  not,  that  your 

The  Romans  were  very  fond  of  adorn-  son  may  see  The  hou!«e  from  moral 

iug  their  botldingt  with  pillars,  particn-  61th,  from  vices,  free  V  G. 

Itrly  tbeir  rooms  of  state  and  entertain-  70.  Ovid  also  unites  patritf  populoque ; 

mtat:  cf.  vil  182  sq.     Tlie  capitals  of  M.  xv.  572.  *  the  state  and  the  people.' 

the  pOlars  would  be  very  apt  to  collect  ft.     BY,  on   Hor.  Ill  Od.  vi-  20.  pro- 

dwt.  M,  posed  to  read  patrihus.    Thus  we  should 

61.  Cf.  Plin.  xi.  24.  PR,  avoid  the  recurrence  of  the  same  word  : 
02.   'The  polished  plate,  and  that  but  see  note  on  xi.  144. 


3-28 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  XlVf 


Plurimum  eniin  intererit,  quibus  artibus  et  quibus  hunc  tu 
Moribus  instituas.     Serpente  ciconia  pullos 

75  Nutrit  et  invcDta  per  dena  rura  lacerta : 
Illi  eadem  sumtis  qu8?runt  animalia  pinnis. 
Vultur  jumento  et  canibus  crucibusque  relictis 
Ad  fetus  properat  partemque  cadaveris  affert 
Hie  est  ergo  cibus  magni  quoque  vulturis  et  se 

80  Pascentis,  propria  quum  jam  facit  arbore  nidos. 
Sed  leporem  aut  capream  famulae  Jovis  et  generosae 
In  saltu  venantur  aves :  hinc  prseda  cubili 
Ponitur :  inde  autem,  quum  se  matura  levarit 
Progenies  stimulante  fame,  festinat  ad  illam, 

85  Quam  primum  praedam  rupto  gustaverat  ovo. 
iEdificator  erat  Cetronius  et  modo  curvo 
Litore  Caietee,  summa  nunc  Tiburis  arce, 


74.  lUis  in  Tliessalia  tantus  honos  tev' 
peiilum  uitio  habitus  est,  tit  ciconiam 
occidere  capitate  sit,  eadem  Ugibus  parna, 
qua  in  homicidai ;  Plin.  x.  23.  SCH. 
Plut.  Q.  Conv.  viii.  7.  de  Is.  PR,  Hot, 
1  £p.  ii.  ejtr,  R, 

75.  Devia  *  places  out  of  the  way  ;* 
avia  *  where  there  if  no  road  ;'  invia 
'  impassable.' 

76.  Sumiis  pinnis;  Ov.  M.  iv.  561. 
(H.)  R, 

80.  Vultures  (iv.  111.)  build  their 
nests  on  lofty  inaccessible  rocks ;  Plin. 
X.  6.  (If A.)  cf.  Plut  Q.  Rom.  93.  LU, 
PR,  sometimes,  though  rarely,  on  trees, 
cf.  Arist.  H.  A.  vi.  6.  ix.  15.  R. 

81.  Leporem  :  cf.  if:^sch.  Ag.  117  sqq. 
qunlis  ubi  aut  leporem  aut  candenti 
carpore  ciicnum  sustulit  alta  petens  pedihus 
Jovis  armigeruncis;  Virg.  ifi.  ix. 
563  sq. 

'  The  eagle'  is  represented  not  only  as 
Joye's  armour-bearer,  carrying  his  thun- 
derbolts, Plin.  ii.  55.  x.  3.  but  as  exe- 
cuting his  other  behests,  the  carmncr  off 
of  Ganymede  for  instance.  LU,  Hyg. 
Astr.  Poet.  She  also  fed  him  with  nec- 
tar while  he  was  concealed  in  the  Cretan 
caves :  Ath.  xi.  12.  RH.  PR,  minister 
fuhninis  ales ;  Hor.  I V^  Od.  iv.  1  sqq.  M. 
§^fit  Aitf  K^«yi^««  itei»r9^9t'  Antip.  Kp. 
xcii.  in  Br.  An.  t.  ii.  p.  32.  R,  Atit 
irrtifis  »vttt,  ht^Mh  ittrif  ifi^scb.  P.  \'. 
1057  sq.  828.  ( /^L.)  Jovis  tatelles ;  Ace. 
Pr.inCicT.  Q.ii.  10. 

82.  By  '  noble  birds'  are  meant  either 


eagles  themselves,  R.  or  hawks,  falcons, 
&c.  LU, 

85.  *'  The  stork,  with  newts  and  ser^ 
pents  from  the  wood  And  pathless  wild, 
supports  her  callow    brood;    And  the 
fledged  storklings,    when  to  wing  they 
take.  Seek  the  same  reptiles  throngh  the 
devious  brake.    The  vulture  snufis  froa 
far  the  tainted  gale,  And,  hurrying  wbers 
the  putrid  scents  exhale.  From  gibbets 
and  from  graves  the  carcase  tears.  And 
to  her  young  the  loathsome  dainty  bean ; 
Her  young,  grown  vigorous,  hasten  from 
the  nest,  And  gorge  on  camon  with  th« 
parent's  zest.    While  Jove*s  own  «ag)e, 
bird  of  noble  of  blood.  Scours  the  wide 
champaign  for  untainted  food,  Batrsthe 
swift  hare  or  swifter  fawn  away.  And 
feeds  her  nestlings  with  the   geoermis 
prey  :  Her  nestlings  hence,  when  from 
the  rock  they  spring   And,  pinch'd  by 
hunger,  to  the  quarry  wing.  Stoop  oaly 
to  the  game  they  tasted  fifst,    wImb 
clamorous,  from  the  parent  theU  they 
burst."    This,  however,  b  a  vulgar  pre- 
judice ;  though  Baffon  and  other  nata- 
ralists  have  been  misled  by  it.      The 
eagle  is  scarcely  more  delicate  in  the 
choice  of  its  fooid  than  the  valtnre,   G. 
I'he  preceding  translation  is  soadmiimble, 
that  I  could  not  resist  the  pleasure  of 
giving  it  entire. 

86.  '  Had  a  pasdon  for  bnildiog.'  cf. 
Flor.  I.  viii.  4.  Mart.  IX.  xlvii.  R. 

87.  Cmtia,  now «  GaeU,'  was  to  called 
from  a  Laconic  word  ligiiifying  *  canrcd :' 


gAT.  XIV.  OF  JUVICNAL.  329 

Nunc  Praenestinis  in  montibus  alta  parabat 
Culmina  villarum  Grscis  longeque  petitis 

90  Marmoribus,  vincens  Fortunae  atque  Herculis  sedem, 
Ut  spado  vincebat  Capitolia  nostra  Posides. 
Dum  sic  ergo  habitat  Cetronius,  imminuit  rem, 
Fre^t  opes ;  nee  parva  tamen  mensura  relictae 
Partis  erat :  totam  banc  turbavit  filius  amens, 

95  Dum  meliore  novas  attoUit  marmore  villas. 
Quidam  sortiti  metuentem  sabbata  patrem, 
Nil  praeter  nubes  et  cceli  numen  adorant 

Stnb.  TU  p.  330.  or  after  the  nune  of  fentam,  and  other  towni  of  Italy.  A,  T, 

JEnitaM:    Virg.  A^.  ru.   1    sq.  (i/r.)  cf.  Sil.  xi.  265. /I. 

LU,  94.  Turbacit:  cf.  ?ii.  129.  R, 

89.  Gntciu  pretini  gtnerit  wMrmcr  96.  '  Fearful  of  profaoing.'  LU.  cf. 
€XMtitit  LaeeJemmtium  viride,  eunctiique  vi.  159.  Pit.  Pen.  v.  180  sqq.  Dotet 
hUmrhui  Plio. xxxvi.  7.  Fit.  Stat.  S.  Soet.  Aug.  76.  Petr.  xxxv.  6.  Just. 
III.  i.  5.  it  zi.  173.  note.  xxxvi.  2.  R,  Ov.  R.  A.  219.  JFA.  V.  H. 

Lamge,  AnoDg  other  marblei,  Pliny  xii.  35.  (PER,)  Hot.  I  S.i?.  142  sq.  K» 

mentioni  the  Aai;ustan  and  'I'iberian,  v.  101. 

both  from  Egypt,  the  Naxian,  Armenian,  97.  Judai  mente  sola  vuumque  nu- 

PaiiaD, Chian,  Sicyonian, Syonadic, Nu-  men  intelligurU :  prafanot,  qui  deum  imm- 

midiSD,  Afc.  PR.  gittetnimtalibus maleriit in  specin hominum 

90.  The  temple  of  Fortune  st  Pneneste  tffingaut :  sum  m  u  m  illud  et  ueternum 
was  a  noble  edifioe,  VS.  erected  by  A u-  neque  mutabiU  neque  interitu- 
costDt,  from  which  oracks  were  delivered,  rum:  igitur  nulla  simulaera  urbihus  suis, 
Hcnee  Fortune  was  called  dea  Pranet-  nedum  tempUs  sinunt;  Tac.  II.  v.  5. 
timm:  Ot.  F.  fi.  62.  Strab.  ▼.  p.  165.  For  a  similar  reason  Ari&tophancs  can- 
liv.  zln.  1.  Soet.  Tib.  63.  Prop.  II.  catured  Sorrates  ss  a  cloud-worshipper. 
xxxii.  3.  Cic*  de  Div.  ii.  41.  B.  Plin.  LU.  7m  )i  rtw  U^^Zt  ^i^ty^n*  tSt 
UXH.22.  25.  PR.  iiyaXftm  tlXit  It  wMt  *Ii(*#«Xv^M(  Ux,**' 

The  temple  of  Hercules  at  Tibur.  VS.  i}fnT»f  %i  "i^  nmi  kttln  ef«»  r*^'- 

waa  bvilt  1^  Marcius  Philippos.  the  step-  ?«vrif  Jmii,  wt^t^^ir^rti  M^mxm*  9^nt¥- 

&thcrof  AQgusttts.BAi.  Strab.v.p.  164.  Murr  Mmi  mttr^  hmp  vs  /tiyt^^t  ««}  «i^- 

Prop.  II.  zxiii.  6.  IV.  tu.  82.  R.  Suet.  umXXi^rmraf.  «'Xsf  ««/  7ir«f  Jkx»9^t  ri 

Aug.  29.  PR.  »ui k9m^»^»t  Jif .  l(irMfir«f*  Dig xxxvii.  17. 

91. '  The  ennucfa  Posides'  was  a  freed-  Pelrooius  says  of  the  Jew,  tt  eali  sumnuu 

■inn  of  Claudius  and  a  great  favourite  advocat  auriculas;  fr.  p.  683.  Lf.     Our 

with  that  emperor,  who  bntowed  on  him  author,  though  sensible  enough  to  laugh 

none  of  the  moat  honourable  rewards  of  at  the  deities  of  pagan  Rome,  had  not 

■iilitaiy  merit.  Snet.  28.  VS.    Like  most  the  wisdom  to  understand  the  one  t rue 

of   the  tmpeior*a  other  favourites,  he  Gnd.    He  was  to  Juvenal,  as  to  the 

niawfd  vast  wealth,  which,  with  some-  Athenian?,  iyvm^rit  iut*  Acts  xvii.  23. 

what  betlertaale  than  the  rest,  he  lavished  For  "  The  wuila  by  wisdom  knew  not 

ID  boUding.  G.    PlioT  mentions  the  mag-  God;'*    I    Cor.    i.   21.    ilf.     A    truth 

Biicent  baths  erecled  by  him  in  the  bay  which  should  sink  deep  into  our  minds. 

of  Rai* ;  xxxi.  2.  PA.  Tacitus,  after  the  sublime   deKription 

'  Onr  Capitols.'    The  plural  for  the  above  given,  carelessly  turned  from   a 

ngnlar ;  aa  in  a.  65.  R.    There  were,  Being    <  immutable,     incomprehensible, 

however,  two  Capitols  in  Rome,  the  old  omnipotent,    and    eternal,'  as   a  mere 

and  jUie  new,  the  former  in  the  eighth  visionary  creation  of  the  Jews,  and  hum- 

dvtnct  of  the  cily»  the  latter  in  the  sixth,  bled  himself  before  the  impure  and  brutal 

Anm.  Mnic  BJi,   Be^es  which,  there  idols  of  his  own  country.     Dio,  after  the 

Capbob  at  Capua,  Pompeii,  Bene-  lofty  and  energetic  language  he  has  used, 

2  u 


330  THE  SATIRES  sat.  xiv. 

Nee  distare  putant  humana  came  suillam, 
Qua  pater  abstinuit ;  mox  et  prsepuda  ponunt : 
100  Romanas  autem  soliti  contemnere  leges* 

Judaicum  ediscunt  et  servant  ac  metuunt  jus, 
Tradidit  arcano  quodcumque  volumine  Moses : — 
Non  monstrare  vias,  eadem  nisi  sacra  colenti ; 

was  unable  to  perceive  the  superior  ao-  patriam ;    parentes,  liberot,  /tnUnt,  viUa 

derstanding  of  the  Jews  in  worshipping  a  habere ;  5.  Plio.  ziiL  4.  R. 
Being  '  ineffable  and  invisible/  instead        102.  A  copy  of  the  Pentateuch,  or  five 

of  the  stocks  and  stones  before  which  he  books  of  Moses,  was  kept  (as  it  is  to  this 

hitnself  bowed  down.     He  dismisses  the  day)  in  every  synagogue,  locked  up  in  a 

one  true  God  from  his  thoughts,  and  press  or  chest  (area),  and  never  expoaed 

insults  His  worshippers  as  a  weak  and  to  sight,  unlesa  when  brought  out  to  be 

credulous  nation !    Thus  the  attributes  of  read  at  the  time  of  worship :  at  the  om- 

Jehovah,  though  repeated  by  the  wisest  elusion  of  the  service,  it  was  returned  to 

of  the  heathens  after  the  Jews,  conveyed  its  place  and  again  locked  up.  M. 
no  ideas  to  their  minds.  It  is  to  revelation        '  Volume.'  Her.  i.  125,  note. 
only  that  we  are  indebted  for  just  and         103.  Apud  iptet  mitericordia  im  pnmtu, 

rational  conceptions  on  the  subject :  and  std  advenut  omntt  oiioi  hottiU  odiam ; 

if  the  deists  of  modern  times  have  more  teparati  epuUt,  ducreti  eulnWnu ;  Tac.  H. 

distinct  and  adeauate  notions  of  the  Divine  v.  5.  cf.  Cic.  Off.  iii.  55«  PR.  ifr.  i.  15. 

Beiog,thanTacitusandDio  and  Juvenal;  Diph.  in  Ath.  vi.  9.    St  Matt.  v.  43.  R. 

it  ia  still  to  the  manifestations  which  he  On  the  contrary, '  the  volume  of  Moses' 

has  been  pleased  to  make  of  himself,  inculcates  justice  and  humanity  tostran- 

that  they  owe  them,  however  prejudice  gers  by  the  most  forcible  and  pathetic 

or  pride  may  operate  to  prevent  the  ac-  appeals  to  the  feelings  of  the  people :  see 

knowledgement.  G.  £zod.  zxii.  21.  zziii.  9, 12.  Deut.  xziv. 

By  numen  c<tl\  is  meant  that '  the  ma-  14 — ^22.     Where  '  the  stranger'  is  aao- 

terial  heaven'  (**  The  blue  ntherial  sky ;"  ciated  by  Moses  with  the  two  most  iali- 

Addison,  Psalm  xix.)  'is  their  deity.'  Af.  resting  objects  of  human  kindDeas, '  the 

This  gross   conception  of  the   Romans  fatherless'  and  *  the  widow.'   [cf.  ali» 

arose  from  the  Jews  having  no  visible  re-  Levit.  ziz.  9  tq.  33  sq.  zzr.  35.  Dent,  i, 

presentation  of  the  Deity.     Bomanorum  16.x.  18  sq.]    Our  author  was  confesa- 

primuiCn.  Pompeiut  JudiBos  domuit  t  tern-  ediy  as  ignorant  of  the  lawa  as  of  the 

plnmque  jure  vietnruB  ingreisus  est,  inde  practices  of  the  Jews :  all  that  be  sats 

vulgatum^  nulla  intus  de^m  effigie  vaeuam  amounts  to  nothing  more  than  tha  old 

sedem  et  iuania  arcana ;  Tac.  H.  v.  9.  G.  charges  against  them,  which  had  been 

Unless  we  can  suppose  it  to  have  origi-  refuted  aeain  and  again.   Even  whila  he 

nated  in  the  narrative  of  '  the  cloud'  was  writmg  Josephus  had  notioad  and 

which  appeared  on  Mount  Sinai,  and  of  repelled  them :    fimwin  Ti  mmI  t^s  Mv 

the  pillar  of  '  cloud,'  which,  as  a  symbol  raTf  kyfUwi,  »tti  f».n  yiXmra  Jn^mfAnm 

of  the  Divine  presence,  conducted  the  avT§7t  i^rf^i^iiv.  s.  r.>,.  A.  J.  IV.  vm. 

Israelites  on  their  march  by  day.  BRI,  31.     r«v«   U    rc^imv   w^inrmt  lam- 

£xod,  xiv.  &c.  xxiv.  &c.  Psalm  xcvii.  2.  fiiyvv^tmrmtwvmiumfiuXttX^v  riiJm 

98.  Levit.  xi.  7.  Tac.  H.  v.  4.  PR,  ^iv-^fi/^nxiv,  Jt  irrirAfun^Wif  «lMy««&r 
vi.  159.   LU.  TM  «r«(i;^iiv   TMf   iiBftirmf   ^rS^,   Ibf, 

99.  •  They  adopt  circumcision,'  VS.  Gen.  r^f^y.  Si»ut  ^e«rtt», ».  r.  X.  c.  App.  ii.  28. 
zvii.  lOsqq.Deut.  xi.  l6.n(c/ii)eni(aUiios-  Ihe  pagans  talked  of  Moses,  but  thay 
catttur;  Tac.  H.  v.  5.  Pers.  v.  184.  PR.  knew  him  only  through  the  corrupt  sects 

100.  Exodus  xxiii.  24.  M.  Motes,  quo  into  which,  in  its  latter  age,  Judaism  waa 
sibiinposterumgentemjirmarel,novosritus  divided.  From  this  circumstance  alone, 
contrariosqite  ceteris  mortalibns  indidit:  cameallthatabuseof  the  Hebrew  system, 
profana  illic  omnia,  qua  apud  nos  sacra ;  with  which  the  Greek  and  Roman  writeis 
rurtum  cnncessa  apud  illos,  qua  nobis  in-  abound,  and  which  has  been,  either  igoo- 
cesta ;  Tac.  H.  v.  4.  tiec  quidqiuxm  prius  rantly  or  wilfully,  continued  to  our  time 
imbuuntur,  quam  contemnere  decs  \  eruere  by  Voltaire,  Gibbon,  and  otben.  G. 


SAT.  XIV.  OF  JUVENAL.  031 

Quaesitum  ad  fontem  solos  deducere  verpos. 

105  Sed  pater  in  causa,  cui  septima  quaeque  fuit  lux 
Ignava  et  partem  vitce  non  attigit  ullam. 

Sponte  tamen  juvenes  imitantur  cetera :  solam 
Inviti  quoque  avaritiam  exercere  jubentur. 
Fallit  enim  vitium  specie  virtutis  et  umbra, 

110  Quum  sit  triste  habitu  vultuque  et  veste  severum. 
Nee  dubie  tamquam  frugi  laudatur  avarus, 
Tamquam  parcus  homo  et  rerum  tutela  suarum 
Certa  magis,  quam  si  fortunas  servet  easdem 
Hesperidum  serpens  aut  Ponticus.    Adde  quod  hunc,  de 

1 15  Quo  loquor,  egregium  populus  putat  acquirendi 
Artificem :  quippe  his  crescunt  patrimonia  fabris. 
Sed  crescunt  quocumque  modo  majoraque  fiunt 
Incude  adsidua  semperque  ardente  camino. 
Et  pater  ergo  animi  felices  credit  avaros, 


104.^  '  The  drcumciied  alone.'      T,  had  hung  up  oo  a  tree  in  Colchis  was 

rpas  if  the  lame  as ope/^ ;  Hor.  I  S.  ▼.  guarded  by  a  similar  sentinel :  FA,  and 

lOOl  and  rceiuiluj;  Pen.  v.  184.  FR.  one  of  the  very  same  lineage,  being  born 

105.  SgpHimo  di$  otium  plaeuiste,  /«-  of  Typhon  and  Echidna:  see^l)  HY, 

nuilr  quia  ufinm  laborum  tulerit:  dein,  on  ApoU.  and  Virg.  (2)  Schol.  on  Apoll. 

hhrnditmUintrtia^teptimumquoqut  annum  Rb.  li.  1213  sqq.  Died.  iv.  49.  Ov.  M. 

igmmmdttum\  Tac.  H.  v.  4.  FR,    Dio  viL  149  sqq.  R.     All  their  vigilance  did 

izxvii.  17.  0d$fimrm  ^tf»^'  Meleag.  83.  not  save  the  former  from  the  prowess  of 

ID  Br.  An.  t.  i.  p.  24m  frigida  tabbata,  and  Hercules  or  the  latter  from  the  entcrprize 

mpiimmfiutptgdmturpidamnatavetemoi  of  Jason.  M. 

Batil.  L  389  sqq.  R.  1 15.  Besides  which,  the  generality  of 

108.  For  twigHfitjuvinit  utilium  {est)  people  judge  of  a  roan  by  what  he  is 
Urdut  fntUar,  pndigut  ttris,  but  (Mfi«x)  worth  :  bona  pars  hominum  derepta  atpi- 
fstrU^itsventiimiseralntinet  ae  ttmettiti;  dine  falsa  **  NU  sati$  eit ;"  inauU  ;  "quia 
Hot.  a.  p.  164. 170.  PR,  I  S.  ii.  16  sqa.  tanli,  quantum  habeas,  $'u ;"  Hor.  I  S.  i. 
Fm.  in.  22  mm.  R,  m  ^r  wist  ^tXsxii'  ^^  sq.  M. 

fsmnt  iusnm.M  r§  fs^wm  iMms  viru-  116.  The  words  fabris^  ineude,   and 

(fiWiBf-    si  Sk  sr^sgfiwn^  AnXtvit^,  itk  camino  are  all  borrowed  from  the  art  of 

)4#  cib  ^enc^f  Us^it.  ms  ;c«Xir«ff  ri  metallurgy  and,  in  particular,  the  coin- 

«r«MwAu,  Ml)  f4^  ^»  i^sfisiXuv  Arist.  ing  of  money.  FA, 

Rh.  IL  xiv.  2.  XV.  cf.  124,  note.  117.  *  By  fair  means  or  foul,'  accord- 

109.  Ueeifimurspteie recti;  Uor.A.  P.  ing  to  the  sayings  ;  mea  nil  referty  dun 
26.  LU. timidut S€ eautnm  vocat,sordidus  potiar  modo;  Ter.  £un.  II.  iii.  28.  FA. 
ptreism  ^.  Sen.  Ep.  46.  PR.  Ov.  R.  A.  and  lucri  bonu$  est  odor  ex  re  qualibet ; 
333  iq.  iZ.     "  For  this  grave  vice,  as-  204.  cf.  206,  note. 

•aaung  nrtne's  guise.  Seems  virtue's  self,  1 19.  Animi  afterye/irrs,  by  a  Grecism : 

to  nperBcial  c^es."  O.  ziii.  109  sq.  notes.  FA.  the  genitive  case  denoting  in  what 

PsTk  ▼.  106.  Spectator,  No.  373.  [Livy  respect  the  word,  which  governs  it,  is 

zzii,  12,  19.  £D.]  to  be  understood. 

110.  Cf.  St  Matthew  vi.  i6.  M.  Vossapere  et  solos  aio  bene  vivere,  quo- 

111.  Cf.  Hor.  I  S.  iii.  49  sqq.  R.  rum  ccnspicitur  nitidis  fundata  peciinia 
1 14.  Cf.  notes  on  v.  152.  and  i.  10.  villis ;  Hor.  I  £p.  xv.  45  sq.  PR.    Aris- 

LU,    The  golden  fleece  which  Pbryzus  tolle  rejects  at  once  the  claim  of  the 


332 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  XIT. 


120  Qui  miratur  opes,  qui  Dulla  exempla  beati 

Pauperis  esse  putat :  juvenes  bortatur,  ut  iUam 

Ire  viam  pergant  et  eidem  incumbere  sectee. 

Sunt  quaedam  vitiorum  elementa :  his  protenns  illos 

Imbuit  et  cogit  minimas  ediscere  sordes. 
125  Mox  acquirendi  docet  insatiabile  votum. 

Senrorum  ventres  medio  castigat  iniquo, 

Ipsequoqueesuriens:  neque  enim  omnia  sustinet  umquam 

Mucida  caerulei  panis  consumere  frusta, 

Hestemum  solitus  medio  servare  minutal 
130  Septembri ;  nee  non  difierre  in  tempora  casnm 

Alterius  conchem  sestiyam  cum  parte  lacerti 


;i;^ii/(MirirrJki  fiUg  to  be  considered  a  life 
of  happiness,  od  the  ground  of  its  being 
^iai$f  Eth.  i.  5. 

120.  'J'be  oracle  of  Apollo  proclaimed 
as  the  happiest  of  men,  Aglaus  an  Arca- 
dian, who  had  never  gone  beyond  the 
ring-fence  of  his  little  hereditary  estate: 
Plin.  vii.  46.  VS,  potest  etiam  et  beatissi- 
mus  animus  sub  quavis  cute  latere  ;   Sen. 
LU,    Apuleius  descants  very  eloquently 
in  praise  of  poverty  :  envnvero  Paupertas 
olim  philosophia  vernacula  estj^rugi,st^iria, 
parvo  poteus,  amula  taudis,  adversum  di' 
vitias  possessay  habitu  seeura^  cultu  simplex , 
cansilio  benesuada  :  neminem  timquam  su- 
perbia  in^vit,  neminem  impotentia  depra- 
vavit,   neminem   tyrannide  efferavit,  .  . . 
maxima  quaque  sceUra  si  ex  omni  memoria 
hominum  pereenseas,  nullum  in  illis  paU" 
perem   reperies  :  ,  , ,  $ed  quemcumque  in 
aliqua  laude  miramur,  eum  Paupertas  ab 
incunabulis  nutricata  est,     PaupertaSt  in- 
quam^prisca  apud  sacula  omnium  eivita- 
tum  ctmditrixt  omnium  artium  repertrix, 
omnium  peccatorum  inopSf  omnis  gloria 
mnuijica^  cunctis  laudibut  apud  omnes  tia- 
tiones  perfuncta,  eadem  enim  est  Paupertas 
apud  Grtrcos  in  Aristidejusta,  in  Phocione 
benigna,  in  Epaminonda  strenua,  in  Soerate 
sapienSf  in  Homero  diserta.  eadem  Pauper- 
tat    etiam    populo    Romano    imperium  a 
primordio  Jfundavit :    8^c,     Apol.     PR, 
Poverty  however  is  distinguished  from 
penury.     Paupertas  est  non  qucB  pauca 
possidet,  sed  qua  multa  non  possidet ;  Sen. 
£p.  87.  R,  note  on  vi.  287. 

121.  Hor.  A.  P.  326  sqq.  PR, 

122.  *'  Bids  his  son  pursue  'ilieir  steps 
and  keep  that  thriving  sect  in  view."  G. 
Cic.  N.  D.  il  22.  for  Coel.  17.  R. 


123.  VUhntm,  becauM  "  The  love  of 
money  it  the  root  of  all  evil ;"  1  Tim.  vi. 
10.  LU. 

124.  "  Vice  boaits  its  elementt  like 
other  arts ;  These  he  inculcates  fint: 
anon,  imparts  The  petty  tricks  of  sav- 
ing." G.  *'  Our  adventurer  was  the 
third  son  of  an  eminent  citifeD,  who  had 
taken  particular  care  to  instil  into  hit 
mind  an  early  love  of  gain,  by  making 
him  a  perfect  master  of  nambeni,  and 
consequently  giving  him  a  quick  view  of 
loss  and  advantage,  and  preveoting  the 
natural  impulses  of  his  passion,  by  pre- 
possession towards  his  interests;*'  SpecH* 
tor,  No.  11. 

125.  Amor  habendi;  Virg.  JE.  vSL 
327.  M. 

126.  ^tJmtf  ^ir^y  r)v  rtf4««»  lymtr 
*0§iMrfsi>f  /AST^tit  tUfrif  rest  t9$§§  «A  Wl- 
ri^tm,  r^/^#«  kve^tir  Theoph.  Ch.  n* 
extr,  (CAS^  LU.  A.  cf.  ix.  122,  note. 

127.  His  own  meanness  subjects  Urn 
to  the  torments  of  Tantalus,  itarring  is 
the  midst  of  plenty,  magnat  inter  tfm 
inops ;  Hor.  Ill  Od.  zvi.  28.  LU. 

Sustinet,  zv.  88.  R. 

128.  Cf.  Hor.  II  S.  ii.  57  iqq.  R. 

129.  '  A  hash,'  LU.  *  of  yerterdey/ 
already  two  days  old  in  its  preseot  Ibrau 
Af.  him  tmXst'  Ath.  vii.  2.  the  epithet 
implies  *  stale  and  rancid.'  SW.  Th» 
ingredients  of  their  hashes  were  vtrioiw* 
cf.  Isid.  Mart.  XL  xxzii  II.  Apic.  iT»> 
3.  viii.  8.  R» 

Solitus  servare ;  Mart.  I.  civ.  7.  R. 

130.  SepUmbri:  notes  on  vi.  517.  PRm 
iv.  59.  Hor.  I  Ep.  zvi.  16.  R. 

Differre  8fe.  Aor.  Vict.  Epit.  zziv.  R. 

131.  Cmehm ;   iii.  293.    UG.     It 


SAT.  XIV.  OF  JUVENAL.  333 

Signatam  vel  dimidio  putiique  siluro 

Filaque  sectivi  numerata  includere  porri. 

InvitatUB  ad  hasc  aliquis  de  ponte  negabit 
135  Sed  quo  divitias  haec  per  tormenta  coactas, 

Quum  furor  baud  dubius^  quum  sit  manifesta  phrenesis, 

Ut  locuples  moriaria,  egenti  vivere  fato  ? 

Interea  pleno  quum  turget  sacculus  ore, 

Crescit  amor  numi,  quantum  ipsa  pecunia  crevit; 
140  Et  minus  banc  optat,  qui  non  babet     Ergo  paratur 

Altera  villa  tibi,  quum  rus  non  sufficit  unum, 

Et  proferre  libet  fines ;  majorque  videtur 


being  fummer,    they  would   be    more  and  aetiU  are  given  to  that  sort  of  leek, 

tough.  R,  from  iti  bein^  usual  to  cut  or  shred  it 

Laeerti,  a  common  sort  of  salted  fish  ;  into  small  pieces  before  it  was  mixed 

VS,  Atb.  ill.  33.  Strab.  iii.  Plin.  xxxii.  with  other  articles  of  food.  M. 

1 1.  Mart.  VII.  Utxrii.  PR.  '  mackerel :'  134.  Dt  ponte ;  iv.  1 16.  v.  8.  SA.  Sen. 

XI.  xzvUi.  3.  liii.  7.  XII.  xiz.  Ov.  F.  ii.  de  V.  B.  25.  Mart  X.  ▼.  3.  Ot.  lb.  418. 

578.  ( H.)  R,  perhapm  the  fish  known  by  R, 

tbe  name  of  <  Sardinia,'  Itardina,  VS."]  a  135.  Cf.  Hor.  I  S.  i.  70  sqq.    Under- 
coarser  kind  of  anchovy  ;  '  a  pilchard.'  stand  Jtabe*  or  pottides :  thus  auo  tanlam 

132.  *  He  even  puts  his  seal  upon  the  pecuniam  ?  Cic.  Verr.  II.  ii.  55.  quo 
cupboard  to  prevent  his  servants  from  mihi  fortunam,  si  non  coneeditur  uti9 
pilfering  or  picking  it.'  LU,  Pers.  vi.  17,  Hor.  I  £p.  v.  12.  R, 

■oCe.  PJR.    The  ancient  housewife  used  136.    Dauda  e»t  heiUhari  tnxtUu  pan 

to  keep  her  stores  under  seal,  and  not  maxima    avarie;    neuio   an    Anticyram 

vadtr  lock  and  key  as  now.    The  miser  ratio  illi$  destinet  omnenii  Hor.  II  S.  iii. 

doe*  not  even  trust  his  wife,  but  acts  82  sq.  PR.  cf.  xiii.  97,  note, 

as  lus  own  housekeeper.  Plin.  xxxiii.  1.  137.  Avaritiatwogenilisquidsibi  velit, 

Cic.  ad  Div.xri.  26.  Plant  Pers.  II.  iii.  non  intelligo:  poteit  etiim  este  quidquam 

15.  Hor.  II  Ep^  ii.  134.  {TO.)  Tac.  A.  abtutfiiut,  quam  quo  minus  via  restat,  eo 

ii.  (  LL)  Cic.  Ph.  ii.  58.  rk  naraXitwi-  plus  viatiei  queerere  ?  Cic.  Sen.  65.  PR. 

fstwm  Aari  ri«r  vMMr{{«f  4|^'nr  vSf  fa^atihtt  139.  Creseentem  sequitureura  peeuniam 

Seroy^dftHatfim  •/  immefevfrti  ««Dif  f/^h  majorumt^ue fames ;  Hor.  Ill  Od.  xvi.  17 

lifimnt'  Tbeoph.  Ch.  xi.  extr.  R.  Lucian  sq.  LU.  just  as  crescit  itidulgeue  sibi  dirue 

alio  thus  describes  another  sordid  old  hydrops;  Hor.  II  Od.  ii.  13  sqq.  (MI.) 

fellow,  who  has  just  come  home  after  M,  Sen.  de  Ben.  27.  £p.  94.  119.  creve- 

dining  mit«  «^^  wm^Xmfiirf  ra  jmi«,  runt  et  opes  et  opum  furiosa  eupido,  et 

Iwwm  rf  WWM  amrUrn  IrrSrt  tra^ait^-  cum  posiideant    plurima   plura    volunt ; 

stt.  jmJ  lan^n^ustd^fH  i«v^iA^  ri  kif  quarere  ut  absumant,  absumta  requirere 

UiJffMr,  mahwUi.  CAS,  eertant^  atque  ipset   vitiis  sunt  alimeuta 

This  use  of  que  resembles  the  use  of  et  vices,  sic,  quibus  intumuit  suffusa  venter  ab 

between  mnUa  and  another  adjective :  undo,  quo  plus  sunt  pota,  plus  sitiuntur 

Botes  71  on  Her.  vii.  9.  and  67  on  Her.  aqua ;  Oy.  F.  i.  211  sqq.  R. 

tiii.  61.  140.  Is  minvne  eget  mortalis^  qui  mini' 

SUmtv;  iv.  33.   PR  fmtr^ew  wix^y^n*  mumcupit,  ^tn,  khA  semper  avarui  eget, 

Sep.  and  Died,  in  Ath.  vi.  4.  and  9.  R.  LU. 

133.  Cf.  iii.  293,  note.  M.  Plin.  xix.  Paratur,  and  merearis,  143.  may  de- 
6L  PRm  There  are  fibres  resembling  note  the  incomplete  act :  '  you  are  on 
threads  which  hang  downwards  from  the  the  look  out  for'  and  '  you  are  in  treaty 
bottom  of  a  leek.  These  the  miser  is  so  for.'  R.  \(uHmiT§  vaf  •»»  l»2i)«vr«f  r^» 
stingy  aa  to  lock  up,  after  having  first  abxh'  Her.  i.  68. 

ooamad  them.    The  epithets,  seetivum  142.  On  angului  iUe  proximus  aece 


334  THE  SATIRES  sat.  xiv. 

Et  melior  vicina  seges :  mercaris  et  banc  et 
Arbusta  et  densa  montem  qui  canet  oliva* 

145  Quorum  si  pretio  dominus  noD  vincitur  ullo^ 
Nocte  boves  macri  lassoque  famelica  coUo 
Jumenta  ad  virides  hujus  mittentur  aristas; 
Nee  prius  inde  domum,  quam  tota  novalia  saevos 
In  ventres  abeant,  ut  credas  falcibus  actum. 

150  Dicere  yix  possis,  quam  multi  talia  plorent 
Et  quot  venales  injuria  fecerit  agros. 
Sed  qui  sermones  ?  quam  fcedae  buccina  fams  ? 
<<  Quid  nocet  hoc  ?"  inquit,  ^^  Tunicam  mihi  malo  lupini, 
Quam  si  me  toto  laudet  vicinia  pago 

155  Exigui  runs  paucissima  farra  secantem." 
Scilicet  et  morbis  et  debilitate  carebis 
Et  luctum  et  curam  efiugies  et  tempera  vitae 
Longa  tibi  post  heec  fato  meliore  dabuntur. 
Si  tantum  culti  solus  possederis  agri, 

160  Quantum  sub  Tatio  populus  Romanus  arabat 

dot!  Hor.  II  S.  vi.  8  sq.  LU,  II  Od.  temntrt  voen  sic  Molitus:    **  Pcpuba  m$ 

xyiii.  17  &qq.  A.  tiinlat :  at  mihi  plaudo  ip§e  dami,  tvmul  ae 

Prrferrt;  Virg.  M,  vi.  794.  Liv.  i.  numos  coutempbr  in  area;**  lior.  IS. u 

33.  sqq.  LU. 

Quodqttt  alitna  capella  gerat  di$Untiut  Lupini:   Ath.  ii.  14.   Plin.  XTiii.  14. 

uber ;  Hor.  I  S.  i.  1 10.  PR,  Ov.  A.  A.  PR.  Virg.  G.  i.  75  sq.  M.  note  on  v.  157. 

i.  349  sq.  R.  R.  cf.  St  Luke  xv.  16. 

144.  The  olive  blossoms  are  white.  154.  Egregie factum  laudtt  vieinia; 
LU.  Hor.  II  S.  v.  106  for  vieini :  as  in  I  Ep. 

145.  Licet  agrot  agris  a4}iciat,  vicinum  xvi.  44.  xvii.  62.  notes  on  Iitth'  Her.  i. 
vel  prttio  pellat  eerit,  vel  injuria;   Sen.  27.  and  Juwtf  Her.  v.  30. 

£p.  90.  E.    Compare  the  history  of  Na-  Pagus  derived  from  the  Doric  c*yA 

both  iu  I  Kings  xxt.  *  a  fount ;'  because  '  villages'  were  oci- 

146.  All  the  three  epithets  are  import-  ginally  formed  round  springs  of  water.  T. 
ant.  R.  **  Religion  did  first  take  place  in  c  i  t  i  e  i, 

148.  Understand  retrahentur,  PR,  and  in  that  respect  was  a  canae  why  the 

Novate  (solum)  est  quod  altemis  annis  name  of  pagaxs,  which  properly  signi- 

seritur;  Plin.  xviii.  19.  PR.  here  put  for  fieth  a  country  people,  came  to  be 

'  the  crops'  themselves.  Virg.  G.  i.  71.  used  in  common  speech  for  the  same  tbit 

(HY.)  M.  £.  i.  71.  R.  infidels  and  unbelievers  were  ;"  Hooker^ 

'  Ravenous.'  rabida  orexis ;    vi.  428.  £.  P.  v.  80.  But  cf.  xvi.  8,  note. 
SCH.  iratus  venter ;  Hor.  II  S.  viii.  5.        156.  *  Riches,  forsooth,  are  an  infal* 

or  *  enormous;*  cf.  Sil.  i.  2.  Virg.  JE.  i.  lible  panacea  for  the  ills  of  life.'  FS.  cf. 

14.  99.  {HY.)  K.  X.  227.  242  sqq.  Af.  Hor.  I  S.  i.  80  sqq. 

151.  Cf.  Hcs.  O.  D.  346  sqq.  R.  I  Ep.  ii.  47  sqq.  B. 

152.  Cf.  Hor.  II S.  ii.  94  sqq.  R.  158.  Job  xlii.  10—17. 

153.  Quid  enim  salvis  infamia  numis7  160.  *  When  T.  Tatius,  king  of  the 
i.  48.  PR.  xiii.  92  soq.  Sen.  £p.  115.  Sabines,  was  received  by  Romnlns  as  his 
Pomp,  in  Non.  i.  64.  R.  quidam  memora'  partner  in  the  kingdom.*  LU.  cf.  xi.  77 
tur  Athenis  sordidus  ac  dives  populi  cm»  sqq.  R,  . 

1^  J  (Li  q^JLc  it  iMl  LjruU-f  ^-^^^ 


SAT.  XIV.  OF  JUVENAL.  305 

Mox  etiam  fractis  aetate  ac  Punica  passis 
Proelia  vel  Pyrrhum  immanem  gladiosque  Molossos 
Tandem  pro  multis  vix  jugera  bina  dabantur 
Vulneribus.     Merces  ea  sanguinis  atque  laboris 
i65  Nullis  visa  umquam  mentis  minor  aut  ingratae 
Curta  fides  patriae.     Saturabat  glebula  talis 
Patrem  ipsum  turbamque  casae,  qua  feta  jacebat 
Uxor  et  infantes  ludebant  quatuor,  unus 
Vemula,  tres  domini :  sed  magnis  fratribus  horum 
170  A  scrobe  vel  sulco  redeuntibus  altera  coena 
Amplior  et  grandes  fumabant  pultibus  oUae. 
Nunc  modus  hie  agri  nostro  non  sufficit  horto. 
Inde  fere  scelerum  causae  nee  plura  venena 
Miscuit  aut  ferro  grassatur  saepius  uUum 
175  Humanae  mentis  vitium,  quam  saeva  cupido 
Indomiti  census :  nam  dives  qui  fieri  vult, 

161.  Gravit  attnit  miUs ;  Hor.  I  S.  i.        Tho    words  glebula,  ea$a,   and  unu$ 
6.  M.  vemuta  are  all  indicative  of  the  andent 

'  The  three  Ponic  wars ;'  in  the  last  of  frugality, 

which  Carthage  was  destroyed.  LU.  z.  168.  Children  of  different  ranks  used 

155  &C.  PA.  cf.  Hor.  Ill  Od.  vi.  34  to  be  playmates  in  ancient  times,  cf.  Her. 

sqq.  i.  114. 

162.  Pyrrhuii  Pint.  V.  Flor.  i.  18.  169.  *  Three  young  masters.'  Plant. 
Jost.  xvi  sq.  PR,  Capt.    pr.    18.   licet    non   heredts  iini, 

Molattot ;  tn.  108.  PR*  domini  tuut ;  Paul.  ii.  to  Sab.  R. 

163.  '  Two  acres  apiece'  of  the  land        170.   <  From  digging  or  ploughing.' 
cleared  from  the  enemy,  was  the  allot-     FA, 

mtni  usually  asngned  to  those  who  were        Understand  parabatur.  VS, 
•ent  oat  as  colonists  into  the  conquered        171.  Cf.  xi.  58. 
territory.  Lit.  vi.  \6.S6  extr,bina J ugera        173.  Cf.  1  Tim.  vi.  9  sq.  PR.  quid 

•  Romuh  priwmm  divisa  viritim ;  Varr.  non  mortalia  pectora    cogis,    auri  Mcra 

R.  R.  i.  10.  (C7.)  binmtunejugera  popiilo  James  9   Virg.  JE,  iii.  56  sq.  LU,  Claud. 

Romunto  tatu  erant,  nuUique  majorem  mo-  zziL  111  sqq.  R,  tv^f  ym^  M^mTtnv  •In 

dum lUtribuit  (^Romului) :  quo  urvotpaulo  &^yv^»t  Ma»h  ti/u^f*  lj3X«rrs-   mr«  »m,\ 

mmU   jnimcipiM  Neronii,   eontemtis  hujus  trtkuf  rt^ttt, r»T  atifat  V^atUTnm  ^iftmf 

tpmtU    iriridariiif    piteifias  juvat    habere  v/3*   U2J«r»fi   mai   wm^aXXti^ni    pfims 

wuifom  ;    gratumquCt  si  non  aliquem   et  ;^^iirr««  trfot  mSrx^^  vr^dyftrnf  le'ra^mi 

cuiinai ;  Plin.  xviii.  2.  centuriis  vocabu'  ^•rmr     vrttuo^yimt  )*  Hiilif    M^ittt 

htm  datum  ex  eo  est,  quum  antiqui  Romani  tf;^iiv,  »«i  vatrtt  i^yo  iverifiuav  tiiivm* 

agntm  ex  tuete  eaptumwictori  papulo  per  Soph.  Ant.  301  sqq.  G.  St  James  iv.  1  sq. 

hmmjugenpaTtUitunttCentenishominibus  M,    Among  other  examples  see  that  of 

dueemia  jugera  dederunt,  et  ex  hoc  facto  Folydore's  murder  by  Polymnestor ;  Eur. 

eemturiajuste  appeUata  est ;  Sicul.  Fl.  de  Hec.  25  sqq.  760  sqq.  i  ^vtlt,  u  /3«pX«i« 

Cond.  Agr.  i.  Col.  V.  L  7.  Prop.  IV.  zi.  T&Xfi4n  xiyu?.  t»run  «-«?  iJm*?  ^tm)*,  »mi 

{JS.)R.  Hifiiirkrd-  1188  sq. 

1^.  'Tocome  short  of  what  it  held         176.  oiHtig  lwx§urnn  TttxSm*  Vmmh 

OQt.'  M.  Ti.  449.  Ov.  F.  ii.  408.  (//.)  «?*  Menand.     'J'he  ancients  have  con- 

12.  veyed  this  opinion  (as  they  have  most  of 

CC  Plio.  ZTiii.  2.  FA,  those  which  relate  to  the  conduct  of  life) 


336  THE  SATIRES  sat.  xi^ 

Et  cito  villi  fieri.     Bed  quae  reverentia  legum, 

Quis  metus  aut  pudor  est  umquam  properantis  avari  ? 

<<  Vivite  content!  casulis  et  collibus  istis, 

180  O  pueri,"  Marsus  dicebat  et  Hernicus  olim 
Vestinusque  senex;  ^^  panem  quaeramus  aratro. 
Qui  satis  est  mensis :  laudant  hoc  nuraina  niris. 
Quorum  ope  et  aiudlio,  gratae  post  munus  aristae, 
Contingunt  homini  veteris  fastidia  quercus. 

185  Nil  vetitum  fecisse  volet,  quern  non  pudet  alto 
Per  glaciem  perone  tegi :  qui  submovet  Euros 
Pellibus  inversis.     Peregrina  ignotaque  nobis 
Ad  scelus  atque  nefas,  quaecumque  est,  purpura  ducit." 
Haec  illi  veteres  praecepta  minoribus :  at  nunc 

190  Post  finem  auctumni  media  de  nocte  supinum 
Clamosus  juvenem  pater  excitat  s  ^^  Accipe  ceras, 
Scribe,  puer,  vigila,  causas  age,  perlege  rubras 

in   a  very  pretty  apologue.    **  When  I  non  toiere,  in  urhe  luxuriet  ereatur:  ex 

am  sent  to  any  one  by  Jupiter,*'  says  luiuria  exsistat  avaritia,  n§eeu$  eU:  ex 

PlutUK,  "  I  halt  sOi  that  he  usually  grows  avaritia  erumpat  audaeia  ;     tfii«  OMaia 

old  before  I  arrive."    "  That  is  hardly  seetera,  vita  autem  luee  ruf/iea,  qumm  tu 

true;"  replies  Mercury, '*  fori  have  seen  agrenem   v&ea$,    parsimonia,  dUigenH^, 

those  who  had  not  a  groat  yesterday,  Juititia,  nuigistra  ett ;  for  S.  Rose.  27.  G. 

wallowing  in  riches  to-day.'*  '*  Vou  say  186.  Crudut  pero  ;  Virg.  JE^  vH.  690. 

right :"  rejoins  Plutus,  *•  but  I  was  not  (S7.  CE.)  VS.  Pcrs.  v.  102.  PR.  pedei 

sent  to  those  people  by  Jupiter,  but  by  perone  seto$o  tabs  adusqtie  vinetHmmtur ; 

Dis  !'*  G.  *'  He  that  makem  haste  to  be  genua,  crura,  suraque  tine  tegminM ;  Sid. 

rich  shall  not  beinnocent;**Prov.xxviii.20.  Ap.   Ep.    iv.    ealeeammtum    nuHeumi 

178.  Prop.  III.  ziii.  48  sqq.  Hor.  Ill  Isid.  Or.  ziz.  34.  R.  '  adooted  bragve.' 

Od.  xziv.  34  sqq.  (M/.)  R,  G. 

180.  These  were  laborious  and  war-  187.  Cf.  Prop.  III.  ziii.  1  sqq.    Tib. 
like  tribes  in    the   vicinity   of  ancient  II.  iv.  27  sqq.  K. 

Rome.  LU,     iii.  169.  vi.   164.    Virg.        190.  When  the  winter  let  in,  they 
G.  ii.  167  sqq.  (HK.)  R.  hmn  their  rooming  studies  by  UqBp- 

181.  Panem  et  aquam  natura  deside'    light.  MU.  Compare  the  opening 


rati  nemo  ad  heee  pauper  eit ;  Sen.  LU.  of  the  Clouds  of  Aristophanes. 
£p.  20.  25.^Hor.  II  S.  ii.  17   sq.  R.        Mediadenoete ;  cf.  Liv.  iz.44.  5.IL 
r)»  A^§f  hfi£f  r«f  IvM^ri*?  ^i^»v  SifiTv  ri        Supinum  '  asleep  and  lying    on  Ins 

»mf  iifni^mr  St  Luke  zi.  3.  back.'  VS. 

182.   Liber  et    alma  Ceres,  veetro  ti        192.  The  titles  and  beginnings  of  the 

mnnere  tellus  Chamiiam  pingui  glandem  chapters  were  written  in  rad  letters.  FS. 

mutavit  arista  ;  Virg.  G.  i.  7  &c.  GR.  T.  cf.  Pers.  ▼.  90,  note.     This  was  tiM 

postquam   Ceres  invenit  frumenta;    cum  custom  in  their  books  generally,  CAS* 

antea  glande  veseerentur  \  Plin.  vii.  56.  and  continued  for  some  time  after  th« 

Ov.  F.  i.  671  sqq.  iv.  395  sqq.   PR.  cf.  invention  of  the  art  of  printing.   ACH^ 

vi.  10  sqq.  Sf.  But  in  books  of  the  law,  the  tezt  was  in 

185.  Cicero  makes  an  admirable  use  retl  letter,  the  commentaries  and  glossta 

of  this  sentiment :  fua  in  TV  prtetereoi/Zud,  in  black.  D.  Quint.  Inst  zii.  3«rfr. 

quod  mihi  maximo  argumento   ad  hujus  Petr.  46.  R.  Ov.  Tr.  I.  i.  7.  Mart.  III. 

innoeentiwn  polerat  esse,  in  hoc  horrida  ii.  II.  PR.    The  tenn  bvbhic  it  still 

ineuUaque  jfUa  istiutmodi  maUfieia  gigni  applied  to  tht  directions  iaserted  in  oar 


.  XIV,  OF  JUVENAL.  SSM 


Majorum  leges,  aut  vitem  posce  libello. 
Sed  caput  intactum  buxo  naresque  pilosas 
^^5  Adnotet  et  grandeg  miretur  Laelius  alas. 

Dime  Maurorum  atte^as,  castella  Brigantum, 
Ut  locupletem  aquilam  tibi  sexagesimus  annus 
Afferat;  aut,  longos  castrorum  ferre  labores 
Si  piget  et  trepidum  solvunt  tibi  comua  ventrem 
^OO  Cum  lituis  audita,  pares,  quod  vendere  possis 
Pluris  dimidio,  nee  te  fastidia  mercis 
Ullius  subeant  ablegandas  Tiberim  ultra : 
Neu  credas  ponendum  aliquid  discriminis  inter 
Unguenta  et  corium.     Lucri  bonus  est  odor  ex  re 

^tuTgy ;  although  they  are  printed  no        197.  *  Lucrative.'  Suet.  Aug.  49.  Tib. 
Jongerinred  letter,  but  in  Italics.        48.   Cal.  44.    Dio   liv.  25.   W.  23.  R. 

193.  Ttlmi '  a  centurion's  commission/    Mart.  VI.  lyiii.  10.  LU. 

'  a  company.'  VS.  viii.  247.  LU.  Pint.  Cf.  x.  94,  note.  Veget.  ii.  8.  Tac.  H. 

V.  Galb.>N.  PR,  SU.  vi.  43.  xii.  395.  iii.  22.  Sil.  vi.  25  sqq.  R.  *'  A  regiment." 

465.  Spart.  Hadr.  z.  {CAS,)  Mart.  X.  D.    It  answered  to  '  a  colonelcy' in  our 

zxvi.  I.  (RD.)  R.  army. 

PofCM  UhtUo  'petition  for.'  LU,  Ugi-  '  By  the  time  you  are  superannuated.' 

mium    robur    infiaetum,    quum    pnemia  VS.    They  rose,  step  by  step,  through 

tiriutU  aeeupartt  amhUio  €t  per  gratiam  the  ten  cohorts,  cf.  Plin.  xiv.  I.  R. 

pnmovenniur  miUt4$  qui  eonsueveiant  per  199.  Fear  operates  both  as  a  cathartic 

mrtutem;  V^get.  ii.  3.  R.  and  as  a  diuretic.   Macr.  vii.  11.  Arist. 

194.  Tlieir  combs  were  made  of 'box-  Probl.  3.  Dec.  4.  CA.  Cell.  xix.  4. 
wood.'  LU.  Or.  ¥.  yi.  229.  Mart.  XIV.  Plut.  V.  Arat.  The  foUowiug  instances 
XZT.  2.  iZ.  of  the  former  are  given,  Baechut  in  Arist. 

PUotn;    ct  il   11    sq.  PR.    About  R.  480  sqq.    Brutus  in  Sen.  £p.  82. 

twenty-fiT«  yean  since,  a  medical  stu-  Carbo  in  V.  Alax.  IX.  xiii.  2.  R. 

dent,  who  waa  going  before  the  College  200.   The  lituut  '  clarion'  was  less 

of  Sorgcoiit   for   examination,  without  curved  than  the  ccmu  *  horn,'  and  was 

being  of  tlie  proper  age,  previously  placed  used  for  the  cavalry ;  the  tuba  *  trumpet,' 

himself  vadertM  hands  of  a  barber  ;  by  which  was  straight,  belonged  to  the  in- 

whoae  art  a  hir  proportion  of  whisker  ex  fantry.  Macr.  vi.  8.  A,  i.  169.  note.  x. 

utrmqimt  pmri  maiarum  parte  mvfusa  est  214.  Uttio  tuba  permixtut  lonitus;  Hor. 

(Lncr.  i.  89} ;  and  this,  with  toe  addition  I  Od.  i.  23  sq. 

ofeooMOal-posts  of  straggling  black  hairs  202.  Offensive  trades  were  obliged  to 

00  the  cheek-bones,  gave  the  young  can-  be  removed  to  the  further  bank  of  the 

didate  aoch  a  staid  appearance,  that  his  Tiber.  Mart.  I.  xlii.  3  sqq.  T.  VI.  zciii. 

age  wee  aoYer  questioned,  and  conse-  4.  PR,  I.  cix.  2.  R. 

qoently  his  object  was  gained.  204.  This  alludes  to  the  well-known 

195.  T^  ftm^xdXmi  infimlat  »m  rejoinder  of  Vespasian  to  his  son.  reprc- 
%mftsmi  tx***  ^Xf*  ^*^  *''^*'  ''^  trXiv-  hendetiti  Jilio  Tito,  quod  etiam  urirut  vee- 
fMT  Theoph.  Ch.  six.  2.  {CAS,)  R.  tigal  eommentus  etset,  peeuniam  ex  prima 

196L  Lmliue,  i,  e, '  yonr  general.'  SCH,  pemione  admovit  ad  nares,  seiseitant  num 

'  The  Numidfan  cots  placed  on  wheels,'  odore  offenderetur:  et  iUo  negante,  **  At- 

(8tLu.437— 448.xvii.88sqq.)R.8ome-  qui"  inquit**  e  Uh  est;"  Suet.  23.  T. 

what  leaeaibKojg  *  the  caravans'  which  go  But  we  shall  lose  much  of  the  humour 

about  to  tiM  di&ieiit  feirs  in  England.  of  the  emperor's  answer,  (as  is  justly 

The  Bri|«iii<s  were  a  people  of  Britain,  observed  in  the  Ilbtoiy  of  Inventions,) 

emntal  was  York.  ct.  Tac.  H.  iii.  if  we  do  not  advert  to  the  custom  of  the 


cmptal 
45.  A.  ziu  33.  96.  Ag.  17. 17.  ancients  in  trying  the  purity  of  their 

2x 


338  THE  SATIRES  sat.  xnr, 

205  Qualibet     lUa  tuo  sentenda  semper  in  ore 
Versetur,  Dis  atque  ipso  Jove  digna,  poetae : 
Unde  habeas,  qujerit  nemo  ;  sed  oportet  habere." 
Hoc  monstrant  yetulae  pueris  repentibus  assse: 
Hoc  discunt  omnes  ante  alpha  et  beta  puellsB. 

210  Talibus  instantem  monitis  quemcumque  parentem 
Sic  possem  affiiri :  ^^  Die,  O  vanissime,  quis  te  ' 
Festinare  jubet  ?    Meliorem  prsesto^  magistro 
Discipulum.     Secunis  abi :  yinceris,  ut  Ajax 
Prseteriit  Telamonem,  ut  Pelea  vicit  Achilles. 

215  Parcendum  teneris :  nondum  implevere  medullas 
Maturse  mala  nequitise.     Quum  pectere  barbam 
Coeperit  et  longi  mucronem  admittere  cultri, 
Falsus  erit  testis,  vendet  perjuria  summa 


money  by  the  smell.    Thus  i  k^yv^vym-  211.*  What  can  be  the  motive  for  1 

IMtt    ve^t^XV^^**    '^^^   l«»i^MM'Mif    r#v  vast  harry  1  Avarice  will  show  ititlf  in 

M^/V/carffv^jr^^Ari^s.s.r.  X.  Arr.Epict.  mind  quite  aoon  enough,  without  yoor 

i.  20.  A  Dd  habit,  and  indeed  necessity , had  instilling  it.' 

given  them  an  acuteness  of  perception  in  212.  '  The  pupil  will  eclipse  hn  tator, 

these  matters,  of  which  we  can  scarcely  I  warrant.*  M.  •'•XX*}  fttmHrmi  n^drrwm 

have  an  idea.  I  much  question  whether  the  ^«r»iix«rf*    a  Poet  in  Cic.  Ep.  ix.  7. 

precaution  of  a  Seapha  would  be  necessary  GR, 

at  this  time  to  deceive  the  keenest-scented  213.  '  You  need  be  under  no  appre- 

lover.    (It  should  be  previously  observed  hensions  on  that  score.'  LU, 

that  the  ancient  mirrors  were  either  com-  '  Your  son  will  surpass  yoo  in  this 

posed  of  a  mixture  of  tin  and  brass,  or,  vice,  as  Ajax  and  Achilla  sorpassad 

as  in  the  present  case,  of  silver.)  "  Soap,  their  respective  fathers  in  heroic  Mansve- 

Here,  take  the  mirror: — now,  a  towel,  ments.*  vS, 

girl.  And  wipe  your  hands.    Phil.   My  214.  It  was  predicted  that  the  eon  of 

hands !  why  so  1  Scap.  For  fear.  As  you  Thetis  should  be  greater  than  his  Isther ; 

have  touch'd   the  mirror,  they  should  which  was  the  reason  that  Jupiter  (who 

smell  Of  silver,  and  Philolaches  suspect  had  fallen  in  love  with  the  goddess)  ibr- 

You  have  been  handling  money ;"  Plant,  bore  to  press  his  snit :  cf.  iEach.  P.  V. 

Most.  I.  iii.  G.  and  it  was  consequently  amoved  thai 

206.  Cf.  Molidre*s  Avare,  III.  v.  M,  she  should  marry  a  mortal.    May  not  the 

<  Of  Ennius.'  T.  taken  from  the  Bel-  epithet  ^^XAMM^rff   Pind.  N.  iU.  97. 

lerophon  of  £uripides.    All  three  poets  allude  to  this  decree  of  the  DeatiiMil 

are  speaking  ironically.  FA.  non  quare  compare  P.  xi.  5.   Isth.  viii.  69.     ~ 


et  unde :  quid  habeat,  tantum  rogant ;  a  Ag.  737. 

Poet  quoted    in    Sen.    Ep.   115.  GR,  215.  Paremdum  temrU;  Vkg.  O.  S. 

rem  facias;   rem  si  postis  reete\   si  non,  363.  PR, 

quoeumqite  tnodo  rem ;  Hor.  I  £p.  L  65  Medulla  is  often  used,  where  we  shooM 

sq.  employ  the  word  '  heart :'  as  Cic.  Ep.  ?• 

207.  Habere,  put  absolutely,  '  to  be  xv.  16.  Id.  Phil.  i.  15.  M. 

rich.'  GR.  iii.  208,  note.  217.  *  Of  a  raxor.'  ^m^x'^  Arirt. 

208.  '  Before  they  can  run  alone.'  Ach.  758.  as  opposed  to  Wxi  fUx^ttm, 
qui  in  purpuris  repit;  Quint*  I.  ii.  6.  The  single  blade  riiaved  dean  away :  the 
Sut.  Th.  ix.  427.  (B.)  R.  double  blade,  Kke  oar  '  sctssois,'  was 

'  Dry-nurses.'  VS.  employed    merely    to    clip    the 

209.  •  Before  their  A  B  C  LU.  MIT. 


SAT.  XIV,  OF  JUVENAL.  839 

Exigua  et  Cereris  tangens  aramque  pedemque. 
220  Elatam  jam  crede  nunim,  si  limina  vestra 

Mortifera  cum  dote  subit.     Quibus  ilia  premetur 

Per  somnum  digitis  I    Nam  quae  terraque  marique 

Acquirenda  putas,  brevier  via  conferet  illi. 

Nullus  enim  magni  sceleris  labor.    ^^  Haec  ego  numquam 
225  MaDdavi''  dices  olim  ^^  nee  talia  suasi." 

Mentis  causa  malse  tamen  est  et  origo  penes  te. 

Nam  quisquis  magni  census  praecepit  amorem 

Et  Isevo  monitu  pueros  producit  avaros, 

fEt  qui  per  fraudes  patrimonia  conduplicaref 
230  Dat  Ubertatem  et  totas  efibndit  habenas 

Curriculo :  quem  si  revoces,  subsistere  nescit 

Et  te  contemto  rapitur  metisque  reUctis. 

Nemo  satis  credit  tantum  delinquere,  quantum 

Permittas :  adeo  indulgent  sibi  latius  ipsi. 
S35  Quum  dicis  juveni,  stultum,  qui  donet  amico, 

Qui  paupertatem  levet  attollatque  propinqui ; 

Et  spoliare  doces  et  circumscribere  et  omni 

Crimine  divitias  acquirere,  quarum  amor  in  te, 

219.  Cent  was  renrded  ai  one  of  the  Circua.  PR,  ut,  cum  careeribus  sete  efw 

■ort  lacwd  deities.  yi.  60.  LU,  den,  quadriga  addunt  in  tpatia,  etjrustra 

ilfmifiM;  iioleeoDiii.145.  Jtf.xiil  89.  rttinacula  Undent  firtur  equit  auriga, 

PR,  Viffff.  JE,  IT.  219.  zii.  201.  Liv.  n«7if«ati(ft<[cf.Hor.  lEp.xv.  IS.andnote 

L  1.  w. Ui.  82.  R.  100.  on  Her.  iii.  61.]  eu\rrut  habenas; 

tdempiei  cC  SneU  Tib.  27.  Ov.  M.  Virg.  G.  i.  512  sqq.  VS.  AL  y.  818.  xU. 

685.  R.  499.  R.  See  Edgeworth's  entertaining  ac- 


220.  Elaimm ;  note  on  i.  72.  Prop,  count  of  the  locomotive  carriage,  in  bis 

IV.  vii.  7.  it.  Antobiography. 

281.  Subit,    It  was  customary  for  a  231.  Currtcuia  for  ciimii,  and  that  for 

bride  to  be  carried  over  the  threshold  equity  as  above  and  in   ^.  xii.   287. 

vidioat  touchiog  it.  BR.  Ov.  Am.  I.  zii.  l^/utrm  wueix»^*»'  Pind.  P.  ii.  21.  R. 

1  (BI7.)  Cat  Izi.  166.  (D(E,)  R.  «*  What  rem  can  hold  licentious  wicked- 

Mmtykru,    cf.  note  on  Pers.  ii.  14.  ness,  When  down  the  hill  he  holds  his 

PRm  fierce  career  !"    Shaksp.  K.  H.  v.  111. 

222.  "  Hb  murderous  fingers  creep,  iii.  22  sq.             , 

And  ckiM  bar  eyes  in  everlasting  sleep."  Quem  i.  e. '  the  horse*  or  *  your  son  ;* 

G.  which  is  here  signified.  R. 

228.  I^rsD «  sinister.'  M.  232.  Te  i. «.  *  the  charioteer*  or '  father.' 

229.  If  this  line  is  to  be  retained,  it  VS, 

will  be  better  to  translate  et  fm  o.  228.  234.  Laiiut;  Hor. II S. ii.  1 13.  (BY.) R. 

snd  a^min  in  o.  230.  and  237.)  '  at  the  235.    Hie,  ne  prodigut  ette  dicatur 

"^ —  tune.'  R.  metuent,  inopi  dare  nolit  amico,  S^c,   Hor. 


Cemduplietre.  An  infinitive  after  liber-  I  S.  ii.  4  sqq. 

(esoociiia,Proi>.l.  i.28.  V.Flac.i.601.  236.  The  metaphor  it  taken  from  a 

R.  burthen.  R.    Compare  Iiaiah  Iviii.  6. 

290.  The  metaphor  is  taken  from  the  Gal.  vi.  2. 


340  rilK  SA'I'IRKIS  sa*. 

Quantus  erat  patriae  Deciorum  in  pectore,  quantuui 
240  Dilexit  Thebas,  si  Grascia  vera,  Menoeceus : 
In  quorum  sulcis  legiones  dentibus  anguiB 
Cum  clypeis  nascuntur  et  horrida  bella  capeasunt 
Continue,  tamquam  et  tubicen  surrexerit  una. 
Ergo  ignem,  cujus  scintillas  ipse  dedisti, 
245  Flagrantem  late  et^rapientem  cuncta  videbis. 

Nee  tibi  parcetur  misero,  tjnepidumque  magistnim 
In  cavea  magno  fremitu  leo  toilet  alumnus. 

Nota  mathematicis  genesis  tua:  sed  grave  tardas 
Exspectarc  colus.     Morieris  stamine  nondum 
250  Abrupto.    Jam  nunc  obstas  et  TOta  moraris : 


239.  Cr.  viii.  254,  note.  LU,  244.  The  meUpbor  is  now  takes  horn 

240.  '  If  Greece  be  trae.'  cf.  z.  174.  a  con6agratioD.  LU.  "  Behold  how 
LU.  Plin.  Ep.  II.  ix.  4.  (L.)  Ov.  Her.  great  a  matter  a  little  fire  kindlelh  ;"  8t 
zTi.  123.  M.  z.  209.  R.  Jame«  iii.  5.  rAX^  r*  Lu  mI{  Uk 

MenarceuSf  son  of  Creon  kiog  of  Thebei,  rrCf^rwr  &v^^  ^Vtwrif  Sajw*  Find.  P. 

and  last  of  the  race  of  Cadmus,  sacrificed  iii.  66  mi. 

himself  to  Mars,  to  save  his  country  from  245.  Cioero  applies  lo  avarice  the  epa- 

the  Argive  besiegers.  Stat.  Th.  z.  589  sqq.  thet  ardent ;  Fid.  iii.  1 1.  R. 

751  sqq.  LU,   oraeuio  edito  largitut  est  246.  The  particle  of  comparisoa  Is 

yatria  suum  sanguinem  ;  Cic.  T.  Q.  i.  omitted  here,  aa  it  is  elsewhere  very  fire- 

48.  PR.  Eur.  Ph.  841  sqq.  Paus.  iz.  25.  quenUy  ;  229  sqq.  Hor.  I  Ep.  B.  34. 42. 

Apoll.  III.  vi.  6.  A.  ill.  19.  &c.  A. 

241.  '  There  is  such  an  admiiture  of  This  alludes  to  a  rsal  iocidciit,  which 
truth  and  fable,  that  it  is  difficult  to  say  occurred  under  Domittan,  and  is  th« 
which  is  which,  and  to  separate  the  com  related  by  Martial :  kuerat  mgntB  k» 
from  the  chaff.  In  this  very  lliebes,  for  yerfidut  ore  miagietrum,  auttu  feat  mCM 
instance,  it  is  said  that  (Jadmus  the  an-  contemerare  manut :  aed  digitai  feafe  per- 
cestor  of  Menoeceus  sowed  the  plain  with  toivit  erindne  peauu,  et  ^i  mem  tmUrmt 
serpent's  teeth  ;  that  from  the  furrows  verbera,  tela  tuUt ',  Sp.  z.  LU»  Ffom 
sprang  an  armed  race,  who  forthwith  the  mention  of  vfrforait  appears  that  the 
engaged  in  mortal  combat.'  Ov.  M.  iii.  keeper  had  wantonly  irrhailed  the  nata- 
1 — 130.  LU.  The  survivors  and  their  ral  ferocity  of  the  animal.  This  renders 
progeny  were  called  ynyintt  and  Iwme-  the  application  infinitely  sore  strikiof. 
r«'-    Apoll.,  III.  iv.  1.  (^i/r.)  ft.    miii  G. 

immanie  dentibui  hydri,  galeis  deftxitque  247.  Lee  alumnut  ;   cf.   Or.  N.  it. 

viHim  seges  harruit  hastit ;   Virg.  G.  ii.  421.  (H,)  A.  .£8cb.  Ag.  696  sqq. 

141  sq.  VS,  et  quid  aliena  fabular  f  in  248.  Cf.  iiL  43.  vi.  553  sc|q.   nolM. 

ncitro  olim  Thebano  genere  plutquam  mira  *  Your  son  will  have  yoar  natiTity  cast ; 

memorant,  Martigenam  Ule  aggresntt  be-  and,  if  he  find  yoQ  are  likely  to  stand 

luam  magnui  Eumpet  quattor,  anguineo  long  in  his  way,  he  will  contrive  ways 

repente  tuttes  perperit  seminio :  et  pugnata  and  means  to  break  short  the  thiiad  of 

iliac  pngna  frater  irud^t  fratrem  haita  your  life.'  ft. 

et  galea  \  Plant.  Amph.  (supp.)  IV.  iu.  Mathemaiieie:  cf.  Suet.  CaL  67.  1%. 

12  sqq.  9.  PA.         ^ 

Quorum  '  of  the  Thebans,'  for  quarum  Grave,  ftv  fui^  vt  uuMm  mmi  wm^f^ 

'  of  Thebes ;'  as  quern  for  qtiod  in  231.  cf.  AiauirMtl  Strat.  Ep,  Ixzii.  4.  in  Br.  Aio* 

Sil.  V.  495.  z.  306. Soph.  Aj.  760.  (BRU.)  t.  li.  p.  376.  R. 

Horn.  II.  B  278.  (KP,)  Liv.  i.  59.  zziz.  Nimium  ttamen  j  z.  252.  A.  cf.  iii.  27. 

12.  and  Sen.  H.  F.  1 157.  (GRO.)  A.  PA. 


SAT.  XIV.  OF  JUVENAL.  341 

Jam  torquet  juTenem  longa  et  cervina  senectus. 
Ocius  Archigenen  quaere  atque  erne,  quod  Mithridates 
Composuit,  si  vis  aliam  decerpere  ficum 
Atque  alias  tractare  rosas.     Medicamen  habendum  est, 

255  Sorbere  ante  cibum  quod  debeat  et  pater  et  rex. 
Monstro  voluptatem  egregiam,  cui  nulla  theatra, 
Nulla  sequare  queas  Praetoris  pulpita  lauti, 
Si  spectes,  quanto  capitis  discrimine  coustent 
Incrementa  domus,  aerata  multus  in  area 

260  Fiscus,  et  ad  vig^em  ponendi  Castora  numi, 

241.  Stagf  tre  said  to  live  for  nine  109  sqq.    Plut  Pomp.  p.  641.    Dio 

centuries!  FS.    The  poet  might  also  xzxvii.  10—14.  Gell.  xvii.  16.  Ores.  vi. 

bate  nid  eorvina;  ct  x.  247.  LU.  6.  (FAB.)  Aur.  Vict.  v.  1.  76.  R. 

vumx  etrvtu;   Virg.  £.  vii.  30.     Thto-  256.  **  A  scene  more  comic  than  the 

phnum  mcriini  aeeumu§  naturam  diei-  stage  e'er  knew."  G. 

tmr;  ftud  eervis  §i  oamidbus  vitam  dtu-  257.  Cf.  z.  36  sqq.  PR.  zi.  192.  R, 

tynam,  qutrum  id  nihil  tHtensiet ;  hdmi-  Puer  lautm  ;  Pers.  vi.  23.  A. 

mkm»,  fuarum  masnmt  inttrfuiitgt,  tarn  258.  Mcrte  emutare ;    Css.  B.  O.  tiL 

f»iguam  vUam  dedistet.  quorum  n  atat  19.  K. 

p^MUui  mt  bngin^ier,  futurum  fuiuet  259.  Area;  cf.  ziii.  74.  Hor.  I  S.  i. 


.    ^     til  artUnu,^omni  doetrina  67.  M. 
hamimum  vifa  erudir^ur;  Cic.  T.  Q.  iii.        260.  Fiseut  was  properly  '  a  wicker 

69.     oite  eenris  in  cmftuo  longa,  post  basket/  which  answered  the  purpose  of 

etmtum  atnui  aliquOm*  eaptis  cum  torqui'  '  a  canvas  ba^.'  H. 
i^u  murtit,  quo$  Alexander addidtrat,  ado-        It  was  anciently  the  custom,  says  an 

P^i*  J9m  cute  in  magfui  obetitate  ;  Plin.  old  scholiast  on  Thucydides,  to  deposit 

▼iii.  32  s  50  extr.  Pint,  de  Or.  Def.  PR,  their  money  in  the  temple  for  the  gods  to 

cf.  Arist.  H.  A.  iz.  6.  A.  In  the  caldron,  keep.     Some  unlucky  wight,  however, 

which  was  to  renovate  old  ^son,  we  might  have  asked  with  our  author  on  an- 

And  Medea  putting,  among  a  thousand  other  occasion  :  '  Rut  who  shall  keep  the 

other  ammeleae  ingredients,  vivaei*  Jecur  keepers  1*    (vi.  347  sq.)  for  it  appears 

esrvi  ;  quibut  imuper  addit  ora  eaputque  that  both  gods  and  money  were  some- 

mwm  eemieii  uBcula  paitm  ;  Ov.  M.  vii.  times  swept  away  together !  The  public 

273  sf.  ter  binot  dedetque  novem  super  treasure  was  laid  up  at  Rome  in   the 

exit  in  amtot  jutta    teneteentum    quo*  temple  of  Satnrn,  *  because,'  says  Macro- 

implei  wita  virorum.hos  noviet  tuperat  bins, '  when  Saturn  reigned  in  Italy,  rob- 

wiweudo garruUi  eornii:  et  quater  egre-  bery  was  unknown.'    The  money  coo- 

ditur  eomieit  ueeula  eereui:  aitpedem  tinned  there  pretty  safe,  unless  from  the 

eerrum  ter  vineit  eorvun  et  ilium  muU  clutches  of  such  mighty  robbers  as  J ulius 

ttpUeat  noviei  phoenix  reparabiUs  aU* :  Caesar,  since  a  good  guard  was  constantly 

fiMNi    1M    perpetuo    decie*    prtrvertitis  stationed  at  the  doors.  ( Whence  the  epi- 

eno,  nympka  Hamadryades,  quorum  thet  vigil,  BRO,)  Individuals  kept  their 

ba^iffma    vita    est;    Am.    Id.    zviii.  monejr  in  the  temple  of  Mars,  which 

1  aqq.  stood  in  the  Forum  of  Augustus ;  (hence 

252.  Cf.  vi.  236.  661.  LU,  z.  274.  our  author  says  ut  maxima  tola   nottra 

255.  '  If  a  father  brings  up  his  chil-  «(  areaforo ;  z.  24  sq.  M.)  but  after  the 

dien  trndly,  hePias  asl  much  to  dread  misfortune  which  betel  this   poor  god, 

iiVHii  them,  aa  a  tyrant  from  his  subjects.'  whom  our  satirist,  with  the  bitterest  sar- 

BfiJ.    Mithridatea  was  besieged  by  his  casm,  dignifies  with  the  title  of  '  tlie 

son  Phamacee,  at  the  time  when  he  was  Avenger,'  they  removed  it  to  the  temple 

slain  (at  hit  own  request)  by  a  Gallic  of  Castor  and  Polluz.     Here  they  were 

'  r.  z.  273.  Lit.  £p.  cii.  App.  B.  M.  less  fortunate  than  before  :   Man  was 


342  THE  SATIRES  sat.  xiv. 

Ex  quo  Mars  Ultor  galeam  quoque  perdidit  et  res 
Non  potuit  servare  suas.     Ergo  omnia  Florae 
Et  Cereris  licet  et  Cybeles  aulaea  relinquas : 
Tanto  majores  humana  negotia  ladi.  it  / 

265       An  magis  oblectant  animum  jactata  petauro    ^/^^^f  tTt-^ 
Corpora  quique  *  solet  rectum  descendere  funem ; 
Quam  tu,  Corycia  semper  qui  puppe  moraris 
Atque  habitasi  Coro  semper  tollendus  et  Austro^ 
»      Perditus  ac  vilis  sacci  mercator  olentis ; 

#  Id  the  text  of  his  Mcond  edition  (Up*.  ItlQ.)  A,  btt  niNtiUKed  quippe  §or  quique, 
witboat  Doticint  the  change  either  in  the  Varioos  Readinct  or  in  the  AnaolatioBa:  nor  doci  the 
word  oecar  In  hit  Index. 

only  stript  of  bis  annour ;  but  these  luck-  to  others,  it  more  resembled '  the  Up  tnd 

less  beings,  whose  vigilance  Juvenal  also  Down/  a  large  wheel  revolving  perpBiidi- 

celebrates,  were  absolutely  flayed  ;  brar-  cularly  with  seats,  somewhat  like  thois 

teolam  d$  Castore  ducat ;  xiii.  152.    The  of  a  cabriolet,  appended  to  itt  circnm- 

teinple  of  Peace,  probably,  succeeded  to  ference  :    which  we  sometimes  see  at 

the  credit  of  Castor  and   Pollux ;    for  fairs,  cf.  Mart.  II.  Ixzxyi.  XL  zzii.  3. 

when  that   truly  magnificent  structure  According  to  Manilius,  it  would  rather 

was  destroyed  by  fire,  in  the  reign  of  seem  to  be  '  a  swing'  or  '  see-saw  :'   ad 

Commodus,  treasures   to  an  enormous  numerof  §tiam  ilU  eiet  cognata  p«r  arUm 

amount  were  lost  in  the  conflagration,  corpora  quxvaHdouMliuniUMUtapHmunx 

VS.  G,  ct  Tac.  A.  i.  8.  (LI.)  12.  Liv.  aUemoiquicieHtmotus;  iUUusetipmmme 

ii.  20.  42.  Suet.Cses.  x.Dionys.  H.  vi.  p.  jaeet,  a(fu«  huius  easu  tuspendiiur  ilU  ; 

351 .  BRL  Cic.  Verr.  i.  49.  for  Quint.  4.  v.  433  sqq.  fs.   PR.    w^rM^*  was  a 

PL,  board  set  up  against  the  wall,  on  which 

261 .  Publica  opera  plurima  construxU ;  fowls  fly  up  to  roost  at  night.  GR,  From 
ex  ^ibta  veL  prtrcipua,  forum  cum  cede  all  this  it  woold  seem  that  there  were 
Martis  UUorU  ;  Suet.  Aug.  29.  PR.  ib,  various  feats  of  agility  designated  by  this 
21.  Ov.  F.  V.  549  sqq.  Dio  liv.  7  sq.  same  name,  cf.  Petr.  47.  53.  00.  13,  fi, 
(REL)  R.  and  Festus.  See  abo  xv.  93  sqq.  R. 

262.  Flora  ;  cf.  Pers.  v.  178.  LU.  vi.  266.  '  The  tight-rope  dancer.'  cf.  BU, 
250.  Anth.  Lat.  iii.  Ep.  179.  WE,  P.  L.  Mis. 

263.  '  The  games  of  Ceres'  consisted  t.  vi.  p.  569  sq.  Pnid.  Hamart.  368  sqq. 
of  horse  races.  They  were  held  in  the  Niceph.  Greg.  H.  Byx.  viii.  10.  p.  214 
Circus,  and  first  instituted  by  C.  Mem-  sqq.  Firmic.  viii.  17.  Manil.  v.  660  sqq* 
mius  when  curule  ttdile.  PO,  Tac.  A.  R, 

XV.  Jin,  Ov.  F.  iv.  390  sqq.  PR.  Liv.  xxz.  267.  Coryeus  or  Corycum  was  e  town 

39.  R.  and  mountain  of  Crete.  FA. 

Cybeles  ;  vi.  69,  note.  SCH,  The  Cretans  were  anciently  much  en- 

264.  Cf.Sen.  £p.  77.80.  SCH.  Suet,  gaged  in  merchandise,  cf.  Uor.  1  Od.L 
Aug.  99.  Pallad.  £p.  c.  in  Br.  An.  t.  ii.  13.  zxxv.  7.  {ML)  Mart.  111.  Ixv.  i. 
p.  427.  {J A,)  si  foret  in  ierrii,  rideret  IX.  xxxix.  5.  Xl.  ix.  2.  R, 
Deinocritus  ;  teu  aiversum  confusa  genui  268.  Cona,  which  the  Greeks  call 
panthera  camelo,  sive  elephas  albui  vulgi  Zepkyrus  and  Argettet :  Plin.  ii.  47.  PJR. 
converteret  ora:   tpectaret  populum  ludu  cf.  x.  180.  R, 

attentius  iptis,    ut  sibi  prctbentem  mimo        269.  '  Irreclaimable'  or  '  desperate*' 
ip0c(aciilapfura;  Hor.  II  Ep.i.  194  sqq.  R.        It  does  not  follow  from  this  mode  of 

with  which  compare  Soph.  (£.  R.  1512.  designating  the  cargo,  that  it  consisted  of 

265.  This  alludes  to  a  feat  of  agility  articles  offensive  to  the  smell.  It  merely 
in  jumping  through  a  small  hoop,  and  expresses  the  author's  thorough  contempt 
alighting  on  their  feet.  T.  A.   According  for  such  luxuries  and  superflnities  is  men 


SAT-  XIV-  OF  JUVENAL,  343 

270  Qui  gaudes  pingue  antiquse  de  litore  Cretse 
Passum  et  municipes  Jovis  advexisse  lagenas  ? 
Hie  tamen  ancipiti  figens  vestigia  planta 
Victum  ilia  mercede  parat,  brumamque  famemque 
Ilia  reste  cavet :  lu  propter  miU^talenta  « 

275  Et  centum  villas  lemerarius.     Adspice  portus, 

Et  plenum  magni^  trabibus  mare :  plus  hominum  est  jam 
In  pelago :  ven^  classis,  quOQumque  vocaiit  / 

Spes  lucrif-  nee  C^rpathium  Gsetulaque  tantum 
.Slquora  transsijliet,  sed,  longe  Calpe  relicta^ 

280  Audiet  Henfuleo  ^tridentem  gurgite  solem.* 

risked  thdr  Iitcs  f^pcocui^,  io  order  bo^tof  haying  given  thee  birth  :*'Wri^M, 

thereby  to  unav  rapid  foitiaes.  *'<^<'<'  l>^(mM-«;    Kfirtt  ^t)  ^^iSttm* 

270.  'Rich  rainn  wine/  a  sort  of  (Tifiisi.  J2.  PR.)  nai  yLr^n,  Z  &9m^ 

Ualmiaj ;  ex  uvit  'V^f*  *"  vralo'eom-  rsT/K/irnr  lnjiri{M»yr«.  rirV  w  idnf  te^s 

pmm  ^uit  tt  cpNcUciim  vakulo  m$Uu  yk^  miti,  G. 

wmn  atrvttiuT ;  Col.  zu.  39.  FA.  paaum  The  lageni  were  not  only  '  flagoni'  in 

mmmimakant,  ii  ta  vindtmia  utam  diututi  which  the  wine  was  brought  into  their 

eoeimm,  twrtnt,  §amqu€  pats  i  etsent  a  tola  dioing-parlottrt,  but  also '  flasks'  in  which 

wdurii    Varro  de  V.  P.  R.  i.  PA.   Vire.  it  was  kept  in  their  cellars.  Petr.  22.  R. 

G.  ii.  93.  M^  'P^^uuMf,  iSJI^n^i  n$x^-  of.  vii.  121.  Pers.  iii.  92. 

0m  Iv  wS  tmwft  JkwtSfnvm  ytfHtJg^  winn  273.  Frij^  quo  dununque  Jamem  d«- 

At9.  rwwm  umk§CfU9»9  riirr^v  flriMitrif.  pellere  potsit ;  Hor.  I  S.  ii.  6.  vS. 

nSnUmiunu  fiUlmwiitJtrrmfiUt^mmi  ^74.    In  round  numbers  £200,000. 

Im  waif»«JU|»Mf  *i9ifU9H  ry  Aiy^imrf  HO, 

yXtmuumi  rf  Emtnuf-  Ath.  z.  11.  Pliou  ^75.  *  Fodlhardy.'  G.  impiger  ixtremo* 

zif.  9.  MarL  Xlll.  cvL  JEA,  V.  H.  zii.  cHrrU  mercator  ad  Indoi,  per  mare  pau- 

31.  R.  periemfugient,  per  uucat  per  ignes ;    Hor. 

iMUetm  Jem  CnHa  vetue\  Luc.  iii»  184  1  ^.  i.  45  sq.  PR,  iffw#«f  yk^  tZrt 

sqq.  PA.    Countries  and  cities  prided  lUrJ^v  mu  nifr*  miymiJn,  it  sinTr,  h$' 

tMnnelvei,  no  less  than  families*  on  their  (itnn^tifUfM  '  »mf  txmrrtf  trf,  i^l  t$S 

iatiqsily.    Viig.  JE,  i.  12.  375.  531.  iUT»wtt0§it  i/t  rj^v  myrSh  Iwmfim^n'    Luc. 
(ffy.)  R.                                                'Toll.  t.  ii.  p.5ll.Kf 

371.  Mumeipeii  cf.  ir.  33.    Ju|^iter  276.  Cavatrabecurrimusttquor;  Virg. 

Wis  «  native  of  Crete.  FA,    tetta  nmni'  ^  iiL  191.  M,  Pers.  vi.  27. 

ci|M  SitgiUe,  u  «.  *  Cuman ;'  Mart.  V V.  A^^e  should  say,  '*  all  the  world  goes 

ciiv.  2.    iaeenui  Cadmi  munieipei,  t.  e.  to  si^."  M. 

^Tyriaa;'  fd.  X.  Izzzvii.  10.  A.    The  278.  'The  Carpathian  sea*  was  be- 

npres«ion  originated  io  i  xd^tut  XnfUmt  tween  Rhodes,  Crete,  and  Cyprus ;  and 

tt  bV  Iftit*  Arisl.  Acb.  314.  GR,  where  so  called  from  the  island  of  Carpathus, 

Diccopolis  prodncci  '  a  6oal  basket,'  LU,  now  '  Scarpanto.'  PR.  cf.  Hor.  I 

i»hich  he  fecetionsly  deacribes  as  '  the  Od.  zzzv.Seq.  Ill  Od.  vii.  3.  {ML)  R, 

Mlow-borgber'of  the  Acharoians.  MIT,  On  the  initial  S  in  Scarpanto,  see  note 

Crete  indeed  boasted  of  being  the  burial-  2 1  on  Her.  iv.  87.                 ^ 

place,  as  well  as  the  birth-place,  of  Jupi-  ^  The  Libyan  sei^'  LU, 

ter :    whose  tomb  the  innabitants  pre-  279.  Calpe*  is  here  of  the  third  decleo- 

tended  to  show.    Callimachus,  however,  sion.     This  (the  modem  '  Gibraltar') 

iesms  inclined  to  deprive  them  of  both  and  Abyla  (now  *  Ceuta')  in  Africa  were 

these  daimi.  The  first  he  disputes  rather  the  two' pillars  of  Hercules.    VO.  cf.  Sil. 

fainUy  ;  but  for  the  second,  he  rebukes  i.  141  sqq.  209  sqq.  iii.  399.  vi.  1  sqq.  R, 

them  with  n  sdeoinity  boiiering  oh  the  280.    Posidooius  and  Epicurus  pre- 

toUiaie:   "  TIm  Cittani  ind  Arcadians  tended  that  vrhen  the  sun  sank  in  the 


344 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  XIV. 


Grande  operae  pretium  est,  ut  tenso  foUe  reverti 
Inde  domum  possis  tumidaque  saperbus  aluta 
Oceani  monstra  et  juvenes  vidisse  marinos. 
Non  unus  mentes  agitat  furor.     Hie  sororis 

285  In  manibus  vultu  Eumenidum  terretur  et  igni : 
Hie  bove  percusso  mugire  Agamemnona  credit 
Aut  Ithacum.     Parcat  tunicis  licet  atque  lacemis, 
Curatoris  eget,  qui  nayem  mercibus  implet 
Ad  summum  latus  et  tabula  distinguitur  unda ; 

290  Quum  sit  causa  mali  tanti  et  discriminis  hujus 
Concisum  argentum  in  titulos  faciesque  minutas. 
Occurrunt  nubes  et  fulgura.     ^^  Solvite  funem !" 
Frumenti  dominus  clamat  piperisque  coemti ; 
^<  Nil  color  hie  cceli,  nil  fascia  nigra  minatur ; 

295  iBstivum  tonat."     Infelix  hae  forsitan  ipsa 


Atlantic,  it  hiucd  like  red-hot  iron 
plunged  in  water.  RH.filix  keu  ntmtf 
et  beata  tellust  qua  pronot  Hyperionii  me- 
atui  iummu  Octani  videt  in  undh,  strido- 
remqut  rota  eandtntit  audis ;  Stat.  S.  II. 
vii.27.Tb.  i.  168.  (B.)  PR.  cf.  Cleomed. 
ii.  1.  V.  Flac.  ii.  36  sq.  {BU.)  R. 

281.  FolU;  ziii.61.  H. 

282.  Aluta  here  means  a  purse  of 
tanned  leather.  SCH.  cf.  vii.  192.  R. 

283.  Monstra  natantia;  Hor.  I  Od. 
iU.  18.  (ML)  Plin.  ix.  6.  PR. 

Juvenet  marinot ;  '  Tritons.*  VS,  Plin. 
ix.  5.  (HA,)  SCH.  Cic.  de  N.  D.  i,  79. 
Paus.  ix.  a,  med.  PR.  Arist.  H.  A.  ii. 
p.  232  sqq.  (JS,)  ut  quit  e  Umginquo  rt- 
veneratt  miracula  narrtdMnt,  vim  turldnum 
et  inauditas  wdueru,  monstra  maris,  am- 
biguas  hominum  et  beluarumfarmas ;  Tac. 
A*  ii.  24.  R.  such  as  mermaids  were 
feigned  to  be ;  Hor.  A.  P.  4.  M. 

284.  Cf.  Hor.  II  S.  iil  77  sqq.  SA. 
Cel8.iii.  18.  PH. 

*  Orestes  in  the  arms  of  Electra.'  SA. 
OP.  £  ^«<]3*t  AvisriMMTi  X  •/  nmttiriiiSf 
y*^Sititt  \fi^t09  Siftat.  liiNn)  itai.  HA. 
»Sr§t  ftti^it'  X'^'t^a  T  l/MvXiltfr*  Ifih 
^X^^"  ^  «'fi3Sf  2y^T»}^ii  m^i$nf*MTm.  OP. 
fMiif  ftp  §Zrm  rSt  I/mm  'E^imuwv,  fti^et  ft 
IXf^ttSt  £t  fi^ifi  i*s  T^rmMf  [Should 
not  the  order  of  these  lines  bt  ?  254  sq. 
2<30  3q.  258  sq.  256  sq.]  Eur.  Or.  254 
»<]*{»  PR.  Juvenal  probiablyhad  this  pas- 
sac^e  in  his  view.  l{.cf.Hor.IIS.iii.l32  sqq, 

28r>.  '  The  Furies'  haunted  him  in 
consequence  of  his  having  slain  his  mother 


Clyti^mnestra.  They  were  called  £nw- 
nides  by  antiphrasis.  PR.  They  were  the 
daughters  of  Acheron  and  Nox.  M, 

286.  Ajax  became  iniaoe  after  the 
arms  of  Achilles  were  awarded  to  UItsmi; 
and  in  his  madness  committed  great  hafoe 
among  the  herds  and  flocks  of  the  Greeks, 
mistaking  them  for  his  enemies.  FA* 
Soph.  Aj.  PR.  vii.  115,  note.  z.  84.  £. 
cf.  Hor.  II  S.  iii.  187  sqq. 

287.  Ithaeut ;  x.  257.  M.  zv.  2&  fer 
Ithacius  or  Jthaeensit,  the  posscsihre :  M 
in  XV.  23. 115. 122.  6il.  i.  14.  353.  ziL 
180.  R. 

288.  A  man,  though  he  may  not  Im 
raving  mad,  cannot  be  coasidered  in  lus 
right  mind,  whom  n$qu€firmdm»  cHw 
dimotfeat  luero,  nsque  amirs,  ignk,  aens, 
ferrum ;   to  whom,  in  short,  mi  obdrt; 

Hor.  I S.  i.  38  aqq.  A  lunatic  bad  goard* 
ians  assigned  him  by  the  pnelor :  taltr^ 
dicto  huic  omn$  adimat  jut  prdsr*  it  ed 
sanos  abeat  tutela  jfrephupiMi  Id.  II  S. 
iii.  217  sq.  PR.  euraUfrit  egtt  •  firmUn 
dati;  Id.  I£p.i.  103  sq. 

289.  Cf.  ziL  67  ic|q.  FA. 

291.  A  periphrasB  for  money.  LC^ 
Plin.  xxzUl  3.  PR.  Cato  p.  69.  (JS.)  iU 

292. '  Throw  off  the  haW  I'  Virg.  M. 
V.  773.  (HY.)  R. 

393.  '  Bought  up ;'  that  by  tbo  mo- 
nopoly he  might  make  Ike  faiore.  M. 

294. '  A  darlrbelt  of  donda  raitinf  on 
the  horizon.'  cf.  Plin.  zviii.  85.  PR. 

295.  '  It  is  bat  a  aommer  thnndiir- 
shower.'  PUn.  n.  43.  PR. 


SAT.   XIV.  OF  JUVENAL.  345 

Nocte  cadet  iractis  trabibus  fluctuque  premetur 
Obrutus  et  zonam  Iseva  morsuque  tenebit 
Sed  cujus  votis  modo  non  suffecerat  aurum, 
Quod  Tagus  et  nitila  volvit  Pactolus  arena, 
^Oo   Frigida  sufficient  velantes  inguina  panni 

Exiguusque  cibus,  inersa  rate  naufragus  assem 
Dum  rogat  et  picta  se  tempestate  tuetur. 
Tantis  parta  malis  cura  majore  metuque 
Servantur.     Misera  est  magni  custodia  census. 
^^5      Dispositis  pnedives  hamis  yigilare  cohortem 
Servorum  noctu  Licinus  jubet,  attonitus  pro 
Electro  signisque  suis  Phrygiaque  columna 
Atque  ebore  et  lata  testudine.     Dolia  nudi 

296.  Hae  ipta  hara  ;  x.  76.  R.  if^l  much  as  may  be.  xii.  27  sqq.  Pers.  i.  88 
^^Mj  r$  rmf)  rh  ^^x^*  ^'v  kwturMn  sqq.  vi.  32.  Strab.  viii.  p.  36U.  Hor.  A. 
^wi  m-  J  »  4r«J>Mr«f,  riu  Urtu  ;  St  P.  20  sqq.  Tib.  I.  iii.  27.  {HY.^  Wot.  I 
Luke  xii.  SO.  Od.  v.  13  xoq.  {Ml.)  IL  LU.  cf.  also 
297.  The  ancient!  carried  tbeir  money  Mart.  XII.  Ivii.  12.  G  A.  naufragi  fa- 
in their  girdlei.  St  Matthew  z.  9.  tofia  m  bulam  ntam  portant,  rftgantes  vivtum  ; 
mmrtorum  pUna  eireumdedit ;  Suet.  Vit.  Phedr.  IV.  xxi.  24  sq.  the  language  of 
16.  PA.  LIt.  xxxiii.  29.  Gell.  zv.  12.  R,  the  shipwrecked  mariners  might  not,  per- 
Bor*  II  £p.  ii.  40.  Plautas  calls  '  a  haps,  be  understood  by  those  on  whose 
cvt-pnrat'  sector  xmaniu  :  Jf.  Trin.  IV.  coasts  they  were  thrown.  G. 
iu  SO.  PhKdr.  IV.  »i.  11.  303.  Cf.  135.  R. 

HU  avarioa  if  strongly  marked  by  his  305.  Mmi  *  hooks ;'  hUmee  *  leathern 

koldinff  the  parse  in  his  hand  and  teeth  water -buckets.'  •tiw  gioboii  earfwris,  atque 

bodip  tlicr«b;|r  almost  disabiinfr  himself  utero  nimium  qua  vasta  tumcseit,  (cucur* 

ftom    ssrhnmii^.     ri  xt^**^  iHwrt  ttxi  bita,^ventreteges  medio:  $of/olemdabitilla 

InCi  am)  wdrf  ftn^m^n  i^vXmrrtw    Luc.  eapacem  Narpcia  picis,  aut  Actai  mellii 

ll.  M.  li.  4.  H,  Hymetti,  aut  habiUm  lymphis  hamulami 

290.  The  one  a  river  of  Portugal,  the  Baechave  lagenam ;  Col.  z.  385 sqq.  T.  SA. 

other  of  Lydia,both  famed  for  their  golden  BRO,  Cato  <f«  R.  R.    Nicometlia  vastis- 

•emli  LU.  ( I )  '  I'he  1'aio.'  Plin.  iv.  22.  sitnum  incendium  multas  domoi  abntmsit . . . 

AlarU   I.  If  X.  zcvi.  *Ov.  M.  ii.  251.  nuUui  utquam  sipo^  nulla  hama,  nullum 

<  2)  '  The  SarabaL'  Plin.  ▼.  29.  Her.  ▼.  denique  iu»trumentum  ad  inerndia  mm- 

101.  Hor.  Ep.  zv.  20.  PR.  AT.  pescenda  ;  Plin.  Kp.  z.  42.  PR.  cf.  Tac. 

302.  Those,  who  had  escaped  from  A.  zv.  43.    H.  iii.  54.  {LI.)  Hist.  Aug. 

ohipwreck  or  any  other  irominentcalaroity,  p.  497.  {CAS.)  R. 

laacd  to  carry  alwat  a  painting  of  the  oc-  VigUare ;  Hor.  ,1  S.  i.  76  !>t]q.  PR. 

Carrcncc  to  ezcite  compassion  and  obtain  30*6.  /.fWmu;   i.   109.  VS.  Sen.  Ep. 

^Ima  fron  the  charitable.   Besides  saving  119sq.   Dio  liv.  Suet.  Aug.  67.  Sidon. 

^  world  of  words,  this  appeal  to  the  e^es  Ep.  v.  7.  R. 

of  the  benevolent  was  found  more  eflec-  307.  Electro:  cf.  v.  38. 

^Willj  to  tODch   their  hearts  than  any  5v»fna<  (or.9t/nnaWa),  in  Plirvgi.i.  was 

Application  through   the  more  indirect  famous  for  its  marble.  Tib.  III.  iii.  13. 

fsbannel  of  their  ean.  The  picture,  when  (//V.  BK.)  Ov.  F.  iii.  529.  (//.)  Plin. 

it  had  lerfod  iti  pvrnoie,  was  dedicated  zzxy.  1.  Capit.  Gurd.  iii.  32.  R. 

to  BOON  patron  god,  alonj(  with  the  clothes  308.  Cf.  zi.  123.  95.  PR. 

in   whidi  the  peiton  had  escaped,   if  Theste  '  casks*  or  *  tubs'  were  not  of 

^nj ;  but  in  eaw  of  shipwreck,  persons  wood  but  of  baked  clay.  Plin.  xxxv.  12. 

dieencumber  tbemaelvei  of  raiment,  as  D.  Laert  r'u  2.  p.  137.  (  MK  V.)  R. 

2y 


1 


346  THE  SATIRES  sat,  xiv. 

Non  ardent  Cynici:  si  fregeris,  altera  fiet 

310  Cras  domus  aut  eadem  plumbo  commissa  manebit. 
Sensit  Alexander,  testa  quum  vidit  in  ilia 
Magnum  habitatorem,  quanto  felicior  hie,  qui 
Nil  cuperet,  quam  qui  totum  sibi  posceret  orbem, 
Passurus  gestis  asquanda  pericula  rebus. 

315  Nullum  numen  babes,  si  sit  prudentia:  nos  te, 

Nos  facimus,  Fortuna,  Deam.     Mensura  tamen  quae 
SufRciat  census,  si  quis  me  consulat,  edam : 
In  quantum  sitis  atque  fames  et  frigora  poscunt. 
Quantum,  Epicure,  tibi  parvig  suffecit  in  hortis, 

320  Quantum  Socratici  ceperunt  ante  penates. 
Numquam  aliud  Natura,  aliud  Sapientia  dicit. 
Acribus  exemplis  videor  te  claudere :  misce 
Ergo  aliquid  nostris  de  moribus ;  effice  summam. 
Bis  septem  ordinibus  quam  lex  dignatur  Othonis. 

325  Haec  quoque  si  rugam  trahit  extenditque  labellum ; 

309.  *  Of  Diogenes/  VS,  cf.  xiii.  122,  riches  give  us  let  us  first  enquire ;  Meat, 
note.  Pers.  i.  133.  PR.  The  Cynics  drink,  and  clothes : — ^wbat  more?  mett, 
used  to  leave  one  arm  and  shoulder  bare,  clothes,  and  fire ;"  Pope  IClh.  Ep.  iii.  81 
their  cloak  being  thrown  over  the  other,  sq.  "  Having  food  and  raiment  let  ot  be 
SA,  therewith  content;"  I  Tim.  vi.  8.  M. 

310.  '  Put  together  with  solder.'  LL  In  quantum :  cf.  Anacr.  iii.  25.  (BXJ) 

311.  '£»  rif  Kfansm  fiXitvf^ifa,  mlr^  Plin.  Kp.  x.  75.  Ov.  M.  zi.  7.  V.  FM.i. 
(i.  e.  Diogenes)  'AX>^«»2^«(  Wtrrtif  ^r<»  9.  (RA.)  R, 

*'  A7rf}0^o»  ftt  S  fiKuf:'  »ai  S$  "  Htx^iv"  319.  £pieunu.  xiii.  122 sq,  Dotet.  PR. 

•Tirir    '  M'Tt  r»v  nk/tu  fMrdemfi'"   tr^h  320.    Socratici   penates   for    Socrotei; 

r9uro  xiytreu  rh  *AAi^«»l;0»  •Srat  imr$  who,  owing  to  his  temperance  mud  abate- 

ffifeii  »m,t  $avfAi*ttt   Kara^^mtftpra  rtit  miousness,  is  said  to  have  been  the  oaly 

vri^fypiMf  »mi    «-«   fiiiytht    r$u   «»2^*r,  Athenian  who  entirely  escaped  wlieii  kbe 

A^rri  rSf  ri^)  aitrh.  its  «4r^ir«».  Imyi-  plague  visited  that  City.  D.  Laert.  LI/. 

XvtTUf    »»)    f»m^Tiifra09,    "  *AkXek   fith*  Pers.  iv.  2  sqq.  PR, 

iyi^  '  i7«-iv,   **  11    fiii  'AXi^«i>^^«f    V**'>  ^"^1-    ^i**'**'   tecundum   naturam  ett, 

At0'yift:t  &9  lifAfir"      Plut.  V.  Al.  t.  i.  vhia  inimica  et  infezta  sunt  \  Sen.  Ep.50. 

p.  67 1.  D.  Laert.  VI.  ii.  6.  PR.   This  is  PR,   si  ad  naturam  vivct,  nunuiuam  €ru 

alluded   to    by    Butler   with    his   usual  pauper ;  ti  ad  opinimmm,  numquam  dinai 

humour :    '*  The  whole  world  was  not  ib,  16.  R.  cf.  Pope  £th.  Ep.  iii.  26  sq. 

half  so  wide  To  Alexander,  when  he  M. 

cried  Because  he  had  but  one  to  subdue,  322.  nt^tlf^teiai  ri  ««<  rtnikavntv  U 

As  was  a  narrow  paltry  tub  to  Diogenes ;  ^rtvaf  Luc.  llerraot.  63.  R, 

who  is  not  said  (For  ought  that  ever  I  324.  Notes  on  iii.  154.  LU.  i.  105. 

could  read)  To  whine,  put  fing'r  i'  th'  Plin.  xxxii.  2.     V.  PaL  ii.  32.  (RK.) 

eye,   and   sob,   Because  h*  had    ne'er  Suet.  Ner.  11.  (TO,)  Mart*  V.  zxzix. 

another  tub  ;*'  Hud.  1.  iii.  1021  sqq.  G.  R. 

cf.  Apul.  Ap.  i.  R.  Dignatur,    It  was  the  money  and  not 

313.  Cf.  X.  168.  SCH,  the  man.  that  the  law  of  Otho  conferred 

315.  Cf.  X.  365  sq.  LU,  the  distinction  upon.  R. 

317.  Edam;  i.  21.  325.  *  If  this  make  you  frown  and 

318.  Cf.  Hor.  I  S.  i.  73  sqq.  '*  What  pout/  M.  as  a  spoilt  child. 


SAT.  XIV.  OF  JUVENAL.  047 

Sume  duos  Equites,  fac  tertia  quadringenta. 
Si  nondum  implevi  gremium,  si  panditur  ultra : 
Nee  Croesi  fortuna  umquam  nee  Persica  regna 
Suffieient  animo  nee  divitise  Nareissi, 
330  Indulsit  Ceesar  eui  Claudius  omnia,  eujus 
Paniit  imperiis,  uxorem  oecidere  jussus. 

326.  Cf.  Pen.  vi.  75 — 80.  is  tarcastically  alluded  to  by  Seneca,  in 
'  The  third  four  hundred  :'  1200  tis-    a  passage    of   exquisite  humour :    ex- 

ttrtia  were  a  senator's  estate.  Suet.  Aug.  catuUteit  Claudius :  quid  diceret  nemo  in- 

41.  Dio  U.  Pint.  V.  Anton.  jR.  teUigebat,  iUt  autem  febrim  duci  jubebat, 

327.  Cf,  vL  215.  "  Good  measure,  ilb  gestu  toluta  manut,  quo  decollare 
pressed  down,  and  shaken  together,  and  homines  soUbat,  jusserat  illi  coUum  prce- 
mnningover,  shall  men  give  into  your  ddi;  putares  omnes  illius  esse  libertos, 
bosom;"  St  Luke  vi.  38.  Isaiah  Ixv.  6  adeo  ilium  nemo  cur  abaf,  ApoVol, 
sq.  M.  "  Wherewith  the  mower  f  i  11  e  t  h  G. 

o  o  t  his  hand,  nor  be  that  bindeth  sheaves  331 .  Mirum  inter  hac  tilentium  Claudii ; 

bis  b  o  so  m  >'*  Pftalm  czzix.  7.    "  The  nempe cum  indefeusa  conjux eziliodaretur : 

lot  is  cast  into  the  1  a  p  1"  Prov.  zti.  33.  omnia  liberto  obediebant ,  ,.ac  ni  cadem 

328.  Cnuuj  ;  z.  274.  PR*  ejus  Narcissus  proper aviuet,  verterat  per- 
The  kings  of  Persia  (especially  Darias  nicies  in  accusaigrem,  et  cum  imperatoris 

and  Xerxes,  cf.  JnsUn,  LU,^  and  those  languescere  iram,  amorem  redire  audisset, 

of  Parthia  were  celebrated  for  their  opu-  prorupit  Narcissus  denuntiatque  centuri- 

lenee.  M.  R,  ontfrui  et    tribunOf   qui  aderant,    eisequi 

329.  Claudios  was  sntiiely  under  the  ecsdem,  ^c.  Tac.  xi.  26 — 38.  and  again  ; 
management  of  his  freedmen.  His  prime  nee  enim  Claudius  Messalinam  uxorem, 
lavoHritcswerePosides,  Felix,  Harpocras,  qui  nupsit  Silio,  interfecisset,  ni»i  props- 
Poljbhis,  napesit  ante  omnes  Narcissum  rasset  index,  delator  adulterii,  et  quodam- 
ob  gfuieUs  et  PaUloHtem  a  rationibus :  quos  modo  imperattrr  cadis  Narcissus,  cf.  x.  330 
dtenU  fu^us  tmtaius  non  prcemiis  modo  sqq.  PR,  Suet.  CI.  26.  29.  39.  Tac.  xi. 
issgentHnu,  Md  et  fustsioriis  pratarutque  12.  R.  The  two  accusers  of  the  pro- 
ansmasentU  cnusri  libenter  patsus  est :  tan-  fligate  empress  were  not  more  fortunate. 
turn  pngtermt  eicquirere  tt  rapere,  ut,  que-  Narcissus  preserved  his  influence  during 
rttiU  §0  fiumdmn  dejisei  exiguitate,  non  the  life  of  Claudius,  but  on  the  accession 
mimmrde  tit  dictum  **  ahundatnrum,  si  a  of  Nero,  Agrippina,  whose  designs  he 
dmakms  liitrtiM  in  rcnsortium  reciperetur ;"  had  endeavoured  to  thwart,  threw  him 
Suet.  Claud.  28.  Vi^mt^t  ftiyt^rs*  rSt  into  prison  ;  and  by  a  detestable  refine- 
4-M-f  it#|g^nwi  hnnhig'  fnv^t^mt  ri  yk^  ment  in  cruelty  compelled  him,  through 
wXbu9s  fut^m  iT;^!.  mmi  r^i?;^*?  mlr^  mere  want  of  sustenance,  to  put  an  end 
wd&Uiff  m2  0si^Xtsf  u.  T,  X.  Dio  Ix.  p.  to  his  own  life.  A  strange  catastrophe 
688.  c.  Flin.  xzsiiL  10.  FLO.  PR.  R.  for  one  who  had  seen  the  resources  of  the 

330.  Tbeitateof  dependence  in  which  Roman  world  at  his  feet.  For  Pallas,  see 
tbis  moOD-ctlfwat  kept  by  these  minions  i.  109.  G. 


SATIRE    XV. 


ARGUMENT. 

In  this  Satire,  which  was  written  after  the  author's  return  from  Egypt,  he 
directs  his  ridicule  at  the  sottish  and  ferocious  bigotry  of  the  natires. 

The  enumeration  of  their  animal  and  vegetable  gods  is  a  fine  specimen  of 
dignified  humour ;  1 — 13.  and  though  he  may  be  thought  to  treat  the 
actors  in  the  horrid  transaction,  which  makes  the  chief  sul:ject  of  his 
poem,  with  too  indiscriminate  a  severity,  yet  it  should  be  considered 
that  he  had,  for  many  justifiable  causes,  long  regarded  the  country  and 
the  countrymen  of  Crispinus  with  aversion :  which  was  not  much 
'diminished,  we  may  presume,  by  a  nearer  view  of  both.  G, 

When  he  asserts,  in  general  terms,  the  cannibalism  of  these  ferocions 
enthusiasts,  13.  he  is  fully  aware  of  the  scepticism  of  those  who  hear 
such  stories  for  the  first  time  ;  13 — ^26.  but  he  gives  an  example  which 
had  actually  occurred  recently,  in  the  religious  feuds  of  the  Tentyritei 
and  Coptites.  27 — ^97*  Not  but  what  instances  were  on  record  of  men 
eating  one  another  when  driven  to  desperation  and  pressed  by  extreme 
famine;  93 — 114.  and  barbarians  had  been  known  to  sacrifice  their 
fellow-creatures,  but  not  to  devour  them.  115 — 128.  R. 

The  conclusion  of  the  Satire,  which  is  a  just  and  beautiful  description  of 
the  origin  of  civil  society,  147 — 158.  (infinitely  superior  to  anything 
Lucretius  or  Horace  has  delivered  on  the  subject,)  does  honour  to  the 
genius,  good  sense,  and  enlightened  morality,  (Ihad  almost  sud,  piety,) 
of  the  author.  It  is  not  founded  in  natural  instinct,  but  on  prinoplct 
of  mutual  benevolence,  131  sqq.  implanted,  not  by  Nature,  132. 
(as  Gibbon  carelessly  or  perversely  makes  the  author  assert,)  but  by 
Nature's  God,  147  sqq*  in  the  breast  of  man,  and  of  man  alone. 
142  sqq.  O. 


SAT.  XT.        THE  SATIRES  OF  JUVENAL.             349 

Qui8  nescit,  Volusi  Bithynice,  qualia  demens 

^gyptus  portenta  colat  ?  Crocodilon  adorat 
Pars  haec :  ilia  pavet  saturam  serpentibus  ibin. 
Effigies  sacri  nitet  aurea  cercopitheci, 

5  Dimidio  ma^cse  resonant  ubi  Memnone  chordae 

1.  Mtypimum  morem  quis  ignoratt  3.  Han,  r«7ft  fth  in  rSt  Aiyu^rTtatt 
qmarmm  nilbutm  mndn  jvradlacts  errcribm  t^»i  %l^t  el  «  ^  • »  •  2 1  j  x  «i  raUi  Y  »3,  «ax* 
quamvit  emrmficinampriut  iubiirint,quam  Sn  trtXtf^uvg  <ri^ar«vri.  «i  li  ci^i  rt 
ibim  mtit  atpidtm  awt  feUm  aut  eamm  aut  Onfiut  »«)  riir  M«/m0«  xififfi*  •Ui^prtt, 
eneodHum  pioUiUi  quorum  wtiam  ti  tm-  »«2  Mx^rm  nyn^rat  auroh  fT»«u  l^»it. .  .  m 
prmdtnUt  quidpiam  fiemint,  ptcnam  nul-  h  9rift  'Ektiparrimv  ^iXsf  tUUrrtt.  »c2 
Imm  fiteiunil;  CicT.  Q.  ▼.  27.  Anti-  MUvri  mvrtus,  »vm  hyiJfAtvt  S^tht  iImm* 
phanci, Anaitndrides,  andTirooclet  have  Her.  ii.  69.  PA. 

ridiciilcd  thcte  nme  sapentiiioni :  Ath.  '  RegarcU  with  religious  awe:'  SCH. 

TH.  13.  R.  fear  being  the  chief  ingredient  in  rapersti- 

VoUuimt  was  not  an  uncommon  name.  tion.  R. 

R.     PIntarch  wrote  a  little  book  w^§i  Jpsi   qui   irridentur  ^yptii    nuUam 

Biln««W  wi^  ffXAv' Soid.    Thii  perhaps  beluam,  nisi  ob  aliquam  utilitaUm  quam  ex 

ii  tba  Mme  person.  FIm  ea  eaperetit,  contecraveruut;   vtlut  ibes 

BUkjfnia,  (Strabo   ziL  LU,)  on  the  maximamvimMmyentiumeonJieiuntiquum 

Asiatic  aide  of  the  Boapborusi  was  colo-  rint  avet  tsctUa,  eruribut  rigidis,  nmto 

wiwed  bj  a  Tbracian  tnbe  ;  previously  to  jtroeeroque   rottro :    avertunt    peiUm    ab 

which  the  country  was  called  Bebrycia.  JEgypto,  ^iium  vducrt*  angues  ex  vtuiitatt 

Bar.  L  28»  notes.  L^yig  vento  Afrieo  inveettu  interjiciunt 

2.  Omm$ftng§nut  beMarutn  conucra-  atquo  eomumnnt ;  ex  quo  JU,  ut  Uia  nee 
rant  ^gyplii;  Cic.  N.  D.  iii.  39.  Strabo  wurtu  viwB  noceant  nee  oditre  mertua  ; 
mL  Oiodor.  ii.  4.  Her.  u.  65-.76.  PR.  Cic.  N.  D.  i.  36.  VS.  of.  Ov.  lb.  Plin. 
Phtio  J.  d§  Decal.  LU.  omnigent^  x.28«40.30.viii.27.Diodor.i.SCff.I<f. 
tfcte  wtamttra ;  Virg.  JE.  viU.  698.  por-  ii.  4.  Her.  ii.  75  sq.  Plut.  Is.  and  Os.^if. 
tmU^ieat  mnmaUumfigurat ;  Lact  de  Or.  PR.  P.  Mela  iii.  8.  Solin.  34.  JB,  Panth. 
Err.  ii«  14.  kmr^ieoi  quot  prodigialia  JEg.  v.  5.  M\.  H.  A.  x.  21.  24.  R. 
eegtmt  credere  monetra  deoe ;  Prud.  «.  4.  Simia  eaudis  inter  te  diuinguuntur ; 
Symm.  i.  J^}fpiia  Ula  non  numina  ted  Plin.  yiii.  54.  '  The  ape'  has  no  tail, 
partentm ;  M.  Fel.  Oct.  p.  236.  4»  )*  Ir  *  the  baboon'  a  short  one, '  the  monkey' 
r^  Afyy^rrn  7A#yr.  «ln  Ik  virt  A/^m  a  long  one :  »i^»H  '  a  tail,'  riV«s«f '  an 
ra.XA  rm  ra^fik  mmi  in  mXMt  mImi  «-•?  ape.'  PR.  Af.  '  Monkeys'  were  wor- 
•ifUHP.  m^w»4emmfU9  r)v  Am.  swMr^«r-  shipped  at  Memnonium  in  Arabia :  Solin. 
««»f  ft   Wv^^Urjrtvv  *Ef^fiv,   mmi    tot  BRI.  The  simia  cjf nocqthalus  {Vliu.  viii. 


nSta  9bUf  Tfuiywf.  mmi  IjSif  rt9m,  Moi  »^c««-  21  s  30.)  was  held  sacred  in  Egypt.  P. 

}t»Xmtrtf»9,umiwih»n,m.T,X.  Luc.de  GR.     Is   this  the    hamadruas  ot  *  dog- 

Sacrif.  14  sq.     India  worshipped  similar  faced  baboon.'  which  is  found   in   the 

monsters :  nor  was  the  worship  of  auimals  torrid  regions  of  Africa,  and  of  which  the 

unknown  at  Rome ;  where  the  sacred  tail  is  nearly  as  long  as  the  body? 

rites  of  Egypt  bad  gained  a  footing.  Luc.  5.  In  the  temple  of  Serapis  at  Thobes, 

viii.  832  sqq.  cf.  also  Lucian  de  Astrol.  Plin.  xxzvi.  7  1 1 1 .  was  a  colossal  fip;ure 

5—7.    Ck.  N.  D.  i.  36.  JB,   Panth.  of  Memnon,  of  black  marble  and  m  a 

/Egypt.   IT.   4.    and    prol.  p.    19 — 23.  !«iiting  posture,  ri  tiymXfAm  Mminrat  rs  xm* 

83 — 87.  R.  A»<k   v-Sm*  li^i^M*   mu^x^tr^f   kxiit  /Sm. 

Among  the  ancient  authors  who  have  mmi  «-«» ^^^  ftuiXtrrm  ti»dm  nt  tutA^t  n 

written  on  *  the  crocodile,'  may  be  men-  Xv^t  fmysi^m  x«f^*     Pau<*^n*  ^  42. 

tioDed,  P.  Mela  i.  LU.  MX.  H.  A.  z.  21  Thu  was  said  to  yield  a  sound,  like  that 

SQ.  24.  zii.  38.  Her.  ii.  68  sqq.  Plin.  viii.  of  a  harp,  when  the  rays  of  the  rising  sun 

2d  s  38.  xxviii.  3«  6.  Diodor.  ii.  4.  Sen.  fell  upon  it.    It  was  also  said  that  the 

N.  Q.  ir.  2.  PR.  Max.  Tyr.  Diss,  xxxix.  sound  was  cheerful  in  the  morning,  and 

p.  456.  R.  melancholy  at  sunset,  resembling  a  plain- 


350 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  XV. 


Atque  vetus  Thebe  centum  jacet  obruta  portis. 
Illic  casruleos,  hie  piscem  fluminisi  illic 
Oppida  tola  canem  venerantur,  nemo  Dianam. 
Porrum  et  caepe  nefas  violarc  et  frangere  morsu. 


live  human  voice.  Callist  Stat.  i.  p.  891. 
ix.  p.  901.  According  to  some  the 
statue  wa»  broken  in  halves  by  an  earth- 
quake; Strab.  xvii.  p.  1170  sq.  others 
set  it  down  as  one  of  the  frantic  impieties 
of  Cambyses.  Memnon,  the  son  of 
Aurora  and  Tithomus,  is  symbolical  of 
the  sun.  Philostr.  Icon.  i.  7.  in  Her.  4. 
V.  Ap.  vi.  3  sq,  Tac.  A.  ii.  61.  Luc. 
Tox.  27.  Virg.  i£.  i.  ejcc.  xix.  xxvi.  and 
Apoll.  111.  xii.  4.  (//r.)  VS.  LU.  JD. 
RH.  JB.  II,  The  upper  part  of  this 
statue  has  been  coveredf  by  the  sand  for 
many  ages :  it  is  that  part  which  yet 
remains  on  its  pedestal,  which  performs 
the  wonders  mentioned  by  so  many  tra- 
vellers, who  have  perpetuated  their  cre- 
dulity on  the  spot  by  inscribing  their 
names  on  the  stone.  One  man,  indeed, 
of  high  respectability,  beant  a  kind  of 
testimony  to  the  common  report  of  a 
sound  proceeding,  not  from  '  the  harp' 
of  Memnon  (for  there  never  was  any 
such  thing),  but  from  the  statue.  Strabo 
says  he  heard  a  sound ;  but  whether  it 
came  from  the  colossus  itself,  or  the  base, 
or  from  some  one  of  the  numerous  standers 
by,  he  could  not  tell.  "  Indeed,"  adds 
he,  "  one  would  be  inclined  to  suppose 
almost  any  thing,  rather  than  to  believe 
stones,  however  disposed,  capable  of  pro- 
ducing a  sound.'  Germanicus  too,  ac- 
cording to  Tacitus,  was  indulged  with  the 
same  favour.  If  he  listened  with  patience 
to  the  nonsense  first, read  to  him  by  the 
prieAts,  he  was  not  unworthy  of  it.  Even 
Savary,  who  saw  nothing  but  prodigies  in 
f^ypt,  treats  this  foolish  affair  as  an  arti- 
fice of  the  priests.  The  sound  probably 
proceeded  (as  De  Pauw  thinks)  from  an 
excavation  near  the  plinth,  the  ^ides  of 
which  might  be  struck,  at  a  concerted 
moment,  with  a  bar  of  sonorous  metal. 
The  fiction  however  does  very  well  in 
poetry:  '*  As  Memnon*s  marble  harp, 
renowned  of  old  By  fabling  Nilus,  to  the 
quivering  touch  Of  Titan's  ray,  with 
each  repulsive  string  Conitenting,  sounded 
through  the  warbling  air  Unbidden 
strains  ;"  Pleas,  of  Imag.  On  discover- 
ing his  mistake  respecting  the  harp, 
Akcnside  altered  the  passage  thus  :  '*  As 
Memnon's  marble  foim,  renown 'd  of  old 


By  fabling  Nilus,  at  the  potent  touch  Of 
morning  utter'd  from  its  inmost  frame 
Unbidden  music"  G.  c.  aemili\8iioba 

PRIMA  SEMIS  AVDIVI  VOCKX  MBMNOHIS. 

cf.  Inscr.  Lat  N.  517—624.  OR, 

6.  Thebes  boasted  of  bdn^  fonnded  by 
Bacchus  or  Busiris.  Diod.  li.  init.  By 
its  '  hundred  gates,'  it  is  diatioguislied 
from  the  Boeotian  Thebes,  which  had  but 
seven,  xiiu  27.  LU,  Plin.  xxxvi. 9  «  1 4, 2. 
Her.  ii.  PA.  Diod.  i.  45.  Bnfim  Kiyir- 
rim  l««r»>««vX«i*  Hom.  II.  I  $83.  (XP.) 
P.  Mela  i.  9.  Tac.  A.  ii.  60.  otrab.  xvii. 
p.  816.  R. 

7.  Crru^Ms  i.e.pMecf '  fiih  of  the  tea;' 
as  opposed  to '  the  fish  of  the  Nile.  GA. 
JS.  We  have  no  authority,  however,  for 
supposing  that  the  former  were  worshipped 
in  Egypt.  P.  For  pitcem  one  ms.  nas 
pitcMt    which    in    b«^tter:    M/Ki^Miri    Mm 

<^>  titai.  xai  ritv  7y;^tXirv*  Z^iVf  ))  r«vri«r 
r»v  UtiXsy  ^mei  i7mu*  Her.  li.  72.  BRO, 
conjectured  aluros :  cf.  Gel.  xx.  B.  Hv7. 
Astr.ii.28.  (MUX.^  A^ayUrmt  •<*  «n- 
Xoufu   kniaUmt    \$   Urns    ^riyms,   tt4m 

Her.  ii.  67.  t.  Ath.  Strab.  xvii.  p.  812. 
Plut.  Is.  Os.  p.  376.  Diod.  i  sq.  JB, 
Panth.  JEg.  III.  iii.3sqq.  PR.  R.  This 
emendation  is  also  approved  of  by  LN. 
SR.  PL.  WB.  OR, 

8.  Cf.  vi.  534,  note.  Lact  He  F.  Sap. 
V.  20.  LU,  Diod.  ii.  4.  PR.  kitnm  vAjs, 
Alyvrrim  wiXtt,  if  f  WXii  i  'Amk^ 
rifAurm'  Steph.  d§  Urb.  R. 

*  Diana*  t.  e,  *  the  eoddess  of  hunting 
and  hounds.'  Yet  this  deity  was  wor- 
shipped under  the  name  of  Bufcoitii ; 
Her.  ii.  156.  59.  LU,  But  either  (1) 
our  author  may  mean '  There  are  whole 
towns  which  worship  a  dog,  in  which 
there  is  not  a  single  worshipper  of  Diana :' 
or  (2)  he  may  consider  that  fiuAosCis,  the 
symbol  of  the  new  moon,  was  not  the 
same  with  the  Diana  of  the  Romans :  or 
(3)  the  sacred  rites  of  this  goddess,  which 
Herodotus  describes,  might  have  fallen 
into  disuse,  as  we  do  not  find  them  ever 
spoken  of;  and  Strabo  merely  names  the 
city,  but  does  not  mention  having  vuited 
the  temple.  JB. 

9.  Cf.  Plin.  xix.  6 «  32.  (Hif.)  Diod. 


SAT.  XV.  OF  JUVMNAL.  I'A 

10  O  sanctas  gentes,  qiiibus  ha^c  nasciintiir  in  ht»rtis 
NumiDa !  Lanatis  animalibus  abstinct  omnis 
Mensa.     Ncfas  illic  fetum  jugularc  capollo; : 
Camibus  humanis  vesci  licet.     Attonito  qiiiini 
Tale  super  coenam  faciniis  nairaret  Ulir.as 

15  Aleinoo,  bilcm  aut  risum  fortasse  qiiibiib'lo.ui 
Moverat;  ut  mendax  aretalogus.     ^^  In  marc  noinn 
I  June  abicit,  saeva  dignum  voraque  Ciiarybdi, 
llngentem  immanes  LaBstrj'gonas  atque  Cyclopas  ? 
Nam  citius  Scyllam  vel  concurrentia  saxu 

u.  4.  Plut.  Is.  Ob.  LU.  Cell.  xx.  7.  FR.  Tib.  I.  viii.  54.  ^/i/v.  !IY.)    Fulgent,  ii. 

On  the  other  hand  see  Numbers  xi.  5.  4.  iii.  6.  {MUN.)    Flor.  I.  x.  5.  (DU.} 

Her.  ii.  125.  G.  J?.  [Livy  xxiii,  a4.  i;  xxiv.  31.  ti;  40. 

11.  Cf.  Diod.  ii.  4.  LU.   Her.  ii.  42.  8  j  (Cli.)  xxvii.  4,  10.  KD.l 

Strab.  xvii.  p.  559,  Luc.  tie  Astr.  7.  The  *  A  savage  Charybdis*  fliom.  Od.  M 

Tbeban  Jupiter,  or  Ammon,  was  repre-  73  sqq.  lOI  t»qq.  235  n[<c[.  R,  v.  102.  PR,) 

ieoted  by  the  ram.  JB,  Panth.  i£g.  i.  3.  '  and  a  real  one ;  not  a  mere  crcatiirc  of 

ii.  2.  R.  the  fancy,  such  as  he  has  been  romancing 

12.  Cf.  Her.  ii.  46.  MivW«m  rot  Tlifm  about.'  iMtrdylftyns'   Her.  iv.  191. 
Ttfuin  s«)  rn  w^y$r   Steph.  R,    See  18.  Cogit^mu*  in  medio  terranim  orbe. 
Pl\  on  Levit.  xvi.  8.  in    Sicilia    atque    Italia    hominet    hujut 

13.  Cf.  Diod.  ii.  4.  PR.  moiutri  Cyclops  et  Lastrygonat,  qui  car- 

14.  Cf.  Hom.  Od.  I  106 — 125.  180 —  pcribm  humanis  ve»cerentur  •,  Plin.  'Hi.  2. 
542.  K  80 — 132.  LU,  rormia  {now  *  Mola'  in  Terra  di  Lavoro) 

15.  '  Ta some  of  those  at  table.'  VS.      antiqua  Lcestrqgonum  iedes;   Id.  iii.  .0. 
Aldnout,  king  of  Phnacia.  LU.  cf.  v.     cf.  ix.  64.  PR.'  Call.  II.  Dian.  67.  (5K) 

151.  note.  Ilur.  Ill  Od.  xvi.  34.  xvii.  1—9.  (Mi.) 

16.  InitT  coenandum  aut  acroamata  Tib.  IV.  i.  59.  and  Virg.  JE.  vii.  oxc.  i. 
«t  histriimes  aut  etiam  triiiale*  e  cireo  yE.  i.  201.  iii.  582  sqq.  {flV-)  R. 
Indlat  int€rponfbat  ac  freqiu-nliuima  are-  19.  Scylla,  a  sca-monstur,  fabled  to 
taiogot;  Suet.  Aug.  74.  (KR.)  i.e.  reside  among  the  formidable  rocks  oppo- 
'  parasitic  philosophers,' who  discourse  on  site  Charybdis,  in  the  straits  of  Messiuo. 
the  nature  of  virtue  at  the  banquets  of  the  quid  Utqtiart  ut  Scyllam  Nisi,  quam  fauui 
great ;  from  A^tril  and  Xiyut.  cireulatores  tecuta  estt  Candida  succinctaia  latrantibus 
phifotephot',  Sen.  Gp.  29.  cf.  Ath,  vi.  9.  inguina  momtrit,  Dulichias  vexAue  rate», 
CAS,  Aus.iL5.  {JS.^  FA»  '  A  romancer.*  ef  gurgite  in  alto,  ah!  timidot  nautas  ea^ 
Vopisc.  Anr.  42.  (5/t.)  F.  '  A  brag^a.  nibuxlueerAsKmarinis, — narrareriti  Virg 
docio  captain,'  D>  like  that  in  Flautus,  K.vi.  74sqq.  Ov.  M.  siii.sq.  PR.  Hom. 

M.  G.  «e%«7*<  ^  '^''^  (*•  ''  ^°  Cte&io^s  Od.  M  73—100.  R. 
and  Iambulii:.,in  whose  histories  are  many        These  'clashing   rocks*  were  at  thr 

fables')  s«2  XtmrutO^i  rnt  r»*aiTnt  /3«/h«  opening  of  the  I'hracian  Doppnrus  into 

X»x*»t  •  «'*^  'Ofinf**  *6iu0nvi  rts't  ari^i  the   Euxine.     Plin.   iv.    13  s   27.    FA. 

rhw  '  AXMi*0*9  hnyw/ufH  Afi/^*t*  ft  ituXtim9  Kvaumt  agrees  with  wir^tti  understood; 

mmi    fi§9t^mXfuuf    mtu    tiftt^myiut    itmt  thcy  were  SO  calleti  from  the  deep  blue 

Ay^iMff  Tnmt  M^9»vt  trt  It  waXuMt^mku  colour  of  the  sea  :    Schol.  on  A  poll.  lih. 

J^mm  »«j  Tmt  vr«  fm^fiUizatf  t«p»  Wm^t  ii.  318.     They  are  said  to  have  become 

fUTmfisXki,  MS  wiXXi  iHtTwtf  9'^§$  l^^ms  stationary  after  ihe  pr*ssage  of  the  Argo : 

reiit  <t»Mff«f  In^rivrsr**   Luc.  de  V.  ib,  309  sqq.     1'he  origin  of  the  fable  Im.s 

Hist.  1.  3.     'A  Kodumaut.*  H,  been  variously  accounted  for.  cf.  Strah. 

17.  Abieit  for  mhjieit.  M.  The  other  iii.  p.  149.  vii.  p.  319.  Pliny;  and  Apol- 
compoundi  of  jario  are  often  Eubjcctfd  lod.  I.  ix.  22.  (//>'.)  Homer  placr.^ 
to  a  similar  change,  for  sake  of  the  melw.  these  rocks  in  the  S  i  c  i  1  i  a  u  sea :  Od .  r.i 
Cell.  iv.   |7    Quint.  I    W,  II.  (SPA.)  55  sqq, /?.    Thc\  are  now  cal!«l '  Pi-.  » 


352  THE  SATIRES  sat.  xv. 

20  Cyaneas,  plenos  et  tempestadbus  utres 

Crediderim,  aut  tenui  percussum  verbere  Circes 
Et  cum  remigibus  grunnisse  Ellpenora  porcis. 
Tarn  vacui  capitis  populum  Phaeaca  putavit?" 
Sic  aliquis  merito  nondum  ebrius  et  minimum  qui 

25  De  Corcyrsea  temetum  duxerat  urna: 

Solus  enim  hoc  Ithacus  nuUo  sub  teste  canebat. 
Nos  miranda  quidem  sed  nuper  Consule  Junio 
Gesta  super  calidse  referemus  mcenia  Copti ; 


rane/  by  the  barbarians  *  larcazes/  GA.  Gell.  x.23.  Plin.  »▼. 3. if.  12 1 19.(ff.4.) 

notes  on  Her.  iv.  85.   Luc.  ii.  715  sqq.  Festns.  R. 

Oy.  Her.  xii.  121  sqq.  Ducert  poeula\  Hor.  I  Od.  xviL  22. 

20.  JEolus  gave  Ulysses  some  skins  eaduitratvini:  indiimpUmhinttam:  earn 
full  of  adverse  winds.  While  the  king  ego  vini  tdusi  aim;  Plaut.  Amph.  I. 
slept,  some  of  his  comjyanions  were  in-  i.  273  sq.  Horn.  11.  A  598.  Od.  I  9.  R. 
duced  by  curiosity  to  peep  into  the  bags ;  26.  He  *  alone*  hafing  tarvived  the 
the  consequence  was  that  the  foul  winds  shipwreck.  GR,  Horn.  Od*  E  365  sqq. 
escaped  and  raised  a  tremendous  storm.  J?. 

LU.  Hom.  Od.  K  1—75.  PR.  Virg.  M,  27.  NuUo  tub  titt$i  Ov.  M. xiii.  14  sq. 

i.exc.  l.(/fr.)  R.  J?. 

21.  Crediderim.  This  credulous  in-  Q.  Junim  Ruttieus,  Hadrian's  col- 
credulity  of  the  Phcaciaos  reminds  one  league  in  the  third  year  of  that  emperor's 
of  the  good  dame,  who  interrupted  the  reign,  A.  U.  872.  SA.  or.  rather,  App, 
marvellous  narrative  of  her  son,  who  was  Juniui  Sabinui,  cooanl  with  Domitian, 
just  returned  from  a  West-Indian  voyage,  A.  U.  836.  PTH,  of.  xiii.  16,  note.  R. 
with — "  No !  that  I  cannot  believe.  Poets  are  constrained  by  necessity  to 
There  may  be  mountains  of  sugar  and  mention  but  one  consul.  Cat.  cixxiii.  1. 
rivers  of  mm:  but  you  shall  never  OR,  To  the  examples  of  synize  sis  in 
persuade  me  that  there  are  flyini^  fish!"  note  on  vi.  82.  add  Hor.  I  S.  vii.  30. 

Ciree,  sister  of  ^etes  king  of  Colchis,  tenuia  in  Virg.  and  Luer.iii.  449  &c.  SA. 

had  a  palace  on  the  coast  of  Italy,  cf.  v.  Sil.  iv.  147.  vi.  19.  iii.  495. 16.  450.  iv. 

140,  note.  Hom.  Od.  K  135_468.  Ov.  602.  ii.  661.  353.  ix.  123.  xii.  467.  i. 

M.  xiv.  10  sqq.   Virg.  £.  viii.  70.   Plin.  529.  ii.  172.  vi.  226.  vii.  503.  x.  161. 

XXV.  2.  Plut.  d9  Hom.  PR.  LU,    By  a  xv.  173.  621.  R,  Virg.  JE.  i.  722.  ii.  16. 

stroke  of  her  wand  (fdfiUm  vt^-XtiyifTa)  442.  v.  432.  vxii  194.  £.  iii.  96.    Fasc. 

she  changed  twenty- two  of  the  ciew  of  Poet.  p.  2. 

Ulysses  into  swine;   but  afterwards  b^  28.  Super,  iw^,  *  beyond.'  cf.  Liv.  i. 

enchantments  restored  them  to  their  on-  2, 3.  xxxi.  47,  3.  {DU,)  R, 

ginal  shape.     A  fable,  which  points  out  Ctrpttu  vrta  a  city  of  the  Thebaid,  on  a 

the  brutalizing  effects  of  intoxication  and  canal  of  the  Nile  :  Strab.  xvii.  p.  815. 

sensual  pleasures.  Virg.  JE.  vii.  exc.  1.  xvi.  p.  781.  PR,  cf.  vi.  527.     It  was 

(HY.)  R.  common  to  the  Arabians  and  EgyptianSy 

22.  Elpenor,  though  not  spoken  of  as  and  twelve  miles  distant  from  Tentyra. 
one  of  those  metamorphosed,  IS  mentioned  As  it  was  the  great  emporium  for  the 
in  Hom.  Od.  K  552  sqq.  A  51 — 80.  R.  merchamlise  of  India,  it  nad  a  constant 
Ov.  lb.  487  sq.  communication    by  caravans  with    the 

23.  Non  obtvsa  adeo  gestamitt  pectara  Arabian  gulf,  transmitting  its  imports 
Pcna;  Virg.  i£.  i.  567.  CR.  down  the  Nile  to  Alexandria.     It  wu 

24.  Nondvm,  The  Phencians  being  destroyed  by  Diocletian.  Its  name  ii 
notoriously  dissipated  and  luxurious  cha-  now  '  Chana  ;'  the  modem  Koft,  which 
racters.  Hor.  I  Kp.  xv.  24.  R.  is  on  the  river,  being  merely  the  port  of 

25. '  Strong  wine ;'  from  this  comes  the  ancient  ci^.    Plin.  ▼.  9.  vi.  33  1 26. 

temulentut.    Hor.  II  Ep.  ii.   163.  M.  x.  33  1 49.  Zonar.  ii.  extr.  R. 


SAT.  XV.  OF  JUVENAL.  35,3 

No8  vulgi  soeltis  et  cunctis  graviora  cothurnis. 

30  Nam  scelus  a  Pyrrha,  quamquam  omnia  syrmata  volvas, 
Nullus  apud  tragicos  populus  facit.     Accipe,  nostro 
Dira  quod  exemplum  feritas  produxerit  sevo. 

Inter  finitimos  vetus  atque  antiqua  simultas, 
Immortale  odium  et  numquam  sanabile  yulnus 

d«5  Ardet  adhuc  Coptos  et  Tentyra.     Summus  utrimque 
Inde  furor  vulgo,  quod  numina  vicinorum 
Odit  uterque  locus,  quum  solos  credat  habendos 
Esse  Deos,  quos  ipse  colit     Sed  tempore  festo 
Alterius  populi  rapienda  occasio  cunctis 

40  Visa  inimicorum  primoribus  ac  ducibus,  ne 

Lastum  hilaremque  diem,  ne  magnse  gaudia  coenae 
Sentirent,  positis  ad  templa  et  compita  mensis 
Pervigilique  toro,  quem  nocte  ac  luce  jacentem 
Septimus  interdum  sol  invenit.     Horrida  sane 

29.  Vulgi  *  common  to  a  whole  people  :*  lonim  terpentea,  fugantur ;  Plio.  viii.  25 

LU.  (cf.  p^idut,  81.)  whereas  Tragedy  $  38.  xxviii.  8  s  6.  Tttrvf/f  Steph.  Byz. 

GODfines  itself  to  the  atrocities  of  an  iodi-  Sen.  N.  Q.  iv.  2.  /L\.  H.  A,  x.  21.  24. 

▼idoal.  n.  634  sqq.  PR.  Strab.  xvii.     On    the  other   hand,  the 

30. '  From  the  deluge.'  LU.  i.  81,  note.  Copiites  {/EL  H.  A.  z.  24.),  the  Om- 

PA.  bites  (ill.  21.),  the  Arsiooites  (Strab.  xvii. 

Syrwmtd ;  tiii.  229.  here  put  for  the  p.  558.),  and  others,  religiously  adored 

*  tragedies'  themselves.  LU,  Mart.  IV.  the  crocodile,  and  considered  ii  an  honour 

slix.  8.  Xll.  xcri.  4,  R,    ^  to  have  their  children  devouied  by  that 

32.  Ferilmt^  in^tirtit*  Arist.  Eth.  vii.  1.  animal.  Again,  the  Tentyrites  worshipped 
•iug  fm^k  X'"^*'*  ^*^  *^  k^ny^fti^mf  the  hawk  ;  which,  out  of  spite  to  them, 
wi#2  WW  n«tr«ff,  TM»  ^v  «^f.  r«vf  ft  the  other  people  crucified.  AA,  Teniyri$ 
«^Mtf>» M^wm9,  m.  T.  X.  mSrmt  ^f  0n^-  Plin. v.  9 i  II, {HA,) is  now  '  Denderah.' 
lug'  ib.  6.  R. 

33.  InUrJinUimm  Copioi  tt  Tentyra;  36.  This  diversity  in  religious  senti- 
th«  towns  being  put  for  their  inhabit-  ments  is  said  to  have  resulted  from  the 
antf.  SA*  'llie  names  do  not  occur  policy  of  the  ancient  kings,  who,  by  esta- 
eliewbtre  in  the  plaral.  R,  cf.  1 16,  note,  blislnog  various  objects  of  religious  wor- 

Simuthun*  mutual  ill-will.'  V,  ship,  prevented  cordial  coalition  among 

34.  For  tha  sangoinarf  character  of  the  people,  and  consequent  conspiracies 
religkiaa  feuds,  tee  Dio  xni.  34.  A  than,  against  the  regal  power.  Diod.  ii.  4. 
c  Gent    *Ofitf9yx7rmi  •«/  kf»mt,  vS*  PR. 

KsmvMmwv  rh  Sifif^yx*^  ^K^^  Miivrttf.  39.  Alterius  pnpuli ;   from  73  sqq.  we 

SM#  n9LXm$i9wtt  m)  iAmwrn  it  It^Mf  may  conjecture  that  the  lent^iitcs  were 

mmnfmyw    U  ft  mrev  umrm^rdtrgt  tig  the  party  assailed.  ACH.  R. 

wiXM^tm,  IXk&Um   MAiMif    Ms^^r.  m)  Ka;n>Nda;  cf.  Sil.i.  570.  Ov.  £p.xix. 

y#i^si  M  'Pfl^MMM  u^XmfJifuw  htrUi^Mr  74 .  (  H. )  R. 

PiaU  If.  Ot.  Opp.  t.  ii.  p.  380.  AlU  H.  42.  The  Egyptians  ci6of  palam  et  extra 

A.  zi.  36.  B.  n*o  tecta  eapiunt :  Mela  i.  9.  A. 

85.  Gma  hamwum  ut  Jbute  belluig  (the  43.  Cf.  viii.  158.  R. 

Cfoeodila)  md9trm  m  tpw  Nib,  r«ntyril«  44.  "  For  savage  as  the  country  is,  it 

mb  mnU^  <■  fM  ktkliai,  appillaU :  . . .  viet  In  luxury  (if  I  may  trust  my  eytt) 

ka^lwnmnimnimtnteodUimmadnmtanti  With  dissoluta  Canopus."  G.  cf.  i.  26, 

•{fflcfvfM  ^  ftNirii  AimiiitMi,  ut  Pjyi-  note.  LU. 

2z 


354 


'f^ 


FHE  SATIRES 


SAT.  XT. 


45  JEgyptus :  sed  luxuria,  quantum  ipse  notavi, 
Barbara  famoso  non  cedit  turba  Canopo. 
Adde,  quod  et  facilis  victoria  de  madidis  et 
Blaesis  atque  mero  titubantibus.     Inde  virorum 
Saltatus  nigro  tibicine,  qualiacumque 

50  Unguenta  et  flores  multaeque  in  fronte  coronae : 
Hinc  jejunum  odium :  sed  jurgia  prima  sonare 
Incipiunt  animis  ardentibus ;  haec  tuba  rixae. 
Dein  clamore  pari  concurritur  et  vice  teli 
Saevit  nuda  manus :  paucse  sine  vulnere  malae  : 

55  Vix  cuiquam  aut  nuUi  toto  certamine  nasus 

Integer.     Adspiceres  jam  cuncta  per  agmina  vultus 
Dimidios,  alias  facies,  et  hiantia  ruptis 
Ossa  genis,  plenos  oculorum  sanguine  pugnos. 
Ludere  se  credunt  ipsi  tamen  et  pueriles 

GO  Exercere  acies,  quod  nulla  cadavera  calcent. 
Et  sane  quo  tot  rixantis  millia  turbae, 
Si  vivunt  omnes  ?    Ergo  acrior  impetus,  et  jam 
Saxa  inclinatis  per  humum  quaesita  lacertis 
Incipiunt  torquere,  domestica  seditioni 

65  Tela ;  nee  hunc  lapidem,  quales  et  Tumus  et  Ajax, 


47.  Cf.  I  Samuel  xxx.  16  sq.  I  Kin(;s 
xvi.  9  sq.  3i.  Sen.  £p-  83.  Ath.  i.  25. 
J<, 

Madiditi  cf.  Sil.  xii.  18.  H, 

48.  Neque  pn,  neque  mens  $ati%  suum 
officium  facit'f  Ter.  Eun.  IV.  v.  3.  VS, 
Arist.  Probl.  PR,  Virgil  speaks  of  the 
Krape,  as  tentatura  pedef  olim  vincturaque 
linguam  ;  G .  ii.  94*. 

49.  '  A  swarthy  Egyptian  as  piper.' 
Nilotu  tibicett  eratt  crotalistria  Philis ; 
Prub.  IV.  viii.  39.  Memphitides  puelta 
gacris  deum  parattt :  tinetw  coUtre  noctU, 
manu  puer  loq^tari ;  Petr.  fr.  ii.  1  sqq. 
GR. 

*  Whatever  sort  came  first  to  band:' 
as  inebriated  persons  retain  but  little  dis- 
crimination. It.  The  unguents  of  Egypt 
were  much  valued.  Plin.  LV, 

51.  Hinc  is  opposed  to  inde^  48.  M. 

.hjunum  indium  as  irato  siuro;  xiii.  93. 

Cf.  iii.288.  v.  26.  Jurgia  primum: 
mox  rixa  inter  Balavos  et  legUmarioif 
dum  fttf  aut  illis  itudia  militum  aggregan- 
tur,  prape  in  prcrlium  txartere  ;  Tac.  H. 
i.  64.  (  ER.>  R, 


53.  Vice  teli:  Ov.  M.  xii.  382.  A. 

54.  '  Unarmed.*  nucf  a  pnetia  ;  Prop. 
IV.  i.  28.  nuc/a  pugna;  Stat.  Th.  i. 
413.  R. 

55.  With  the  whole  of  thb  pasMge 
compare  Virg.  JE,  vii.  505 — 527.  M, 

57.  Dimidiat ;  viii.  4.  R. 
Aliat '  Quite  altered.'  VS. 

58.  "  Hands,  where  the  gore  of  man* 
gled  eyes  yet  reeks.  And  jaw-booes 
starting  through  the  cloven  cheeks!"  G. 

59.  *  Mere  sport;  no  better  than  chil- 
dren's play.'  in. 

63.  Jamque  facet  et  taxa  volant  \fi^ 
rorarmaminisirati  Virg.  JE.i.  150.  LC 
quod  euique  repertnm  rimanii,  telum  in 
facit ;  i6.  vii.  507. 

'  Stooping*  to  pick  then  np.  FA. 

64.  D&meitica  *  familiar;'  LU.  nnleM 
the  epithet  more  properly  belong  to 
iedititmit  and  this  be  used  instead  of  the 
more  common  construction  teditiomt,  R. 

65.  Hune  <  such,  to  great.'  VS,  He 
now  laughs  at  the  undignified  conduct  of 
the  heroes  of  epic  poetry,  ai  well  as  at 
the  hyperbolical  statement  of  their  bodily 


SAT.  XV.  OF  JUVENAL.  335 

Vel  quo  Tydides  percussit  pondere  coxam 
JEneed ;  sed  quern  valeant  emittere  dextrae 
Illis  dissimiles  et  nostro  tempore  natae. 
Nam  genus  hoc  yivo  jam  decrescebat  Homero. 

70  Terra  malos  homines  nunc  educat  atque  pusillos. 
Ergo  Deus,  quicumque  adspexit,  ridet  et  odit. 
A  deverticulo  repetatur  fabula.     Postquam 
Subsidiis  aucti,  pars  altera  promere  ferrum 
Audet  et  infestis  pugnam  instaurare  sagittis ; 

75  Terga  fugse  celeri  praestantibus  omnibus,  instant, 
Qui  vicina  colunt  umbrosas  Tentyra  palmae. 
Liabitur  hinc  quidam,  nimia  formidine  cursum 
Praecipitans,  capiturque  :  ast  ilium  in  plurima  sectum 
Frusta  et  particulas,  ut  multis  mortuus  unus 

80  Sufficeret,  totum  corrosis  ossibus  edit 
Victrix  turba:  nee  ardenti  decoxit  aeno 
Aut  verubus ;  longum  usque  adeo  tardumque  putavit 
Exspectare  focos,  contenta  cadavere  crudo. 
Hie  gaudere  libet,  quod  non  violaverit  ignem, 

powers.  UN,  Sacb  repreMntations,  how-  «twrsos  esse  mores,  regnare  nequiiiam,  in 

ever,  accorded  well  with  the  simplicity  deterius  res  humanas  et  in  omne  tufas  labi ; 

of  macieDt  timet,  of.  Horn.  II.  A  517.  Sen.  de  Ben.  i.  10.  R. 

4  364 eqq.  M  445  iqq.  «  409  sqq.  O  403  71 .  Ridet  mabs  et  odit  pnjiiUas.  LU. 

■oq.  A.     It  will  be  teen  on  comparison  72.    Ut   ab  rerum  ordine  deelinarem 

01  the  followiag  pastaget,  that  Virgil,  in  varietatibusque  distinguendo  opere  et  Ugen* 

bit  copy  after  Homer,  has  betrayed  tad  tibus  velut  deoertieula  amcena  et  re- 

want  of  taite.     Generally  speaking,  his  auiem  animo  meo  quarerem ;   Li  v.  ix.  17. 

beioei  have  alwayt  appeared  to  me  less  B. 

striking  in  tbeirqaalitiet  both  of  body  and  74.  Infestis  'sent  with   hostile  aim.' 

Bind,  than  those  of  Homer;  yet  they  Li  v.  ii.  19.  Virg.  JE.v,  582.  {BU,)  R. 

perfmn  greater  feats  npon  occasion.  G.  '  galling.' 

TWniu:   cf.  Virg.  M*  lii.  896  sqq.  76.  A  periphrasis  for  the  Tentyrites. 

(BY.)LU.  LU. 

Ajmx:  cf.  Horn.  II.  H  268  sqq.  LU.  *  The  shady  palm'  is  put  for  '  groves 

66.  Tjdide$:  cf.  Horn.  IL  B  302  sqq.  of  palms.'   PR.  cf.   Her.  iv.  172.  182. 

(JTP.)  LXJ.              ,  Plut.  N.  Q.  Plin.  xiii.  4.   Ath.  ii.  xiv. 

69.  ^>  «»  Mf  y  l^t  fi#Mi»»  «Xn  fvf  RH.  Galen  de  Alim.  ii.  26.  R. 

Jif*r«  fXn*   Horn.  IL  B  9K>3  sq.  cuneto  77.  This,  and  what  immediately  fol- 

■wrfaiMun  gmtri  miruntm  in  dies  mensu-  lows,  is  not  unlike  a  passage  of  terrible 

rum  JUri   pnrpemadum  obttrvatur:    ^c.  sublimity  in  that  nobli;  frafrment,  Heniod's 

Plin.  viL  16.  {HA.)  FLO.  vix  illud  Ueti  Shield  of  Mercule<>:  Vi^tv  ivtf»  vt()  a'««^ 

Ki  sex  arviet  iubbnnt,  qualia  nunc  homi-  rdfrtn'    vtiwau   )*    m(  tifrt   alfim,  fttXmt 

nmm  prwdueU  wrporm  tellu*;    Virg.  M.  ^liur    h  }i\   r^tt   /ki^tmiv   xtifitftv 

xiL^9sq.  S.  Angntt.  ds  Civ.  D.  xv.  9.  n    ^l^rnrm    ntirmrtf.   mfA^i   ftXt    mvrii 

Gcll.iii.  10.  13.  PR.  Horn.  II.  A  271  sq.  /3«XX*  •»v;^«r  /(tfyix«iv    251  sqq.  G. 

(iTP.)  Lncr.  ii.  1149  sqq.  A.  84.  Many  nations  worshipped  '  fire*  as 

70.  Hoe  mojom  noihi  quisti  tunt,  hoc  a  sacred  element,  cf.  Cic.  Ac.  Q.  iv.  37. 
nn  qturimur,  koe  ppsUri  noslri  quereHtur,  N.  D.  iii.  liSg.  ii.  20.  Her.  iii.  l(j.  Plut. 


366  THE  SATIRES  «at.  xv. 

85  Quern  gumma  coeli  raptum  de  parte  Prometheus 
Donavit  tenis.     Elemento  gratulor  et  te 
Exsultare  reor.     Sed  qui  mordere  cadaver 
Sustinuit,  nil  umquam^hac  canie  libentius  edit. 
Nam  scelere  in  tanto  ne  queeras  et  dubites^  an 

90  Prima  voluptatem  gula  senserit.     Ultimus  autero, 
Qui  stetit  absumto  jam  toto  corpore,  ductis 
Per  terram  digitis,  aliquid  de  sanguine  gustat 

PI.  Ph.  i.  3.  LuQ.  A.  RH,  PtL  D.  Laert.  m*  h  i^fiJinu^  ftkym  %itfnfikm  {u*  Us- 

viii.  26.  JB,  P.  JE,  i.  2.  HY,  cxc.  xiii.  iuwr  ib.  38. 

on  V.  i£.  vi.  A.  85.  Cf.  iv.  133.  PR.  Zihs  t»^t  ^' 

According  to  the  cosmogony  of  the  r^/*^*  mSttt  lit  irdtt  'lm9^trm$  {H^yuihyt 

ancient  philosophers  and  poets,  ethereal  myMuk$fitnmt)  l»Af>^*  M^ttfttn  ^h  w*^ 

fire,  the  most  subtle  and  pure  of  the  ele-  /AnvtitfTt  h  MXf  rd^Jnai,  Xmim  AiA  m^ 

ments,  occupied  the  highest  place  in  the  mjsi^cvMv  Hes.  O.  D.  47  sqq.  LU»  iEsch. 

universe;   from  which  it  diffused  iUelf  P.  V.  109.  (BG.) 

throughout    all    nature    with    vivifying  86.  GtutUmt  Ismariu  ef  maHrc  gratmbr 

energy.     From  this  souls  emanated  at  orbi;  gratulor  huic  terra ^qtwd  tJ^U  r^- 

their  union  with  bodies,  and  into  this  they  onihut  iUit,  qua  tantum  gtnutrt  lufiti 

were  absorbed  at  dissolution.  This  opinion  Ov.  M.  x.  305  sqq.  OR. 

prevailed  throughout  the  east.    In  Egypt  87.  Sed  qui  B^e.  according  to  the  Frnich 

the  symbol  of  this  fire  was  Phthat:  among  proverb  "  Ce  n'sst  qus  U  premier  pat  qui 

the  Greeks  and  Romans, *Hf«urr«ff  and  coute" 

VulcanuSy  though  the  latter  people,  in  88.  Stutinere;    xiv.   127.  J2.    cXSmu* 

this  personification,  regarded  rather  the  i£sch.  Ag.  217.   '  to  dare  in  violatioB  of 

grosser  earthly  fire  which  is  subservient  one's  own  feelings  and  in  spite  of  sItod^ 

to  metallurgy  and  the  arts.    Such  was  reluctance  and  aversion :'  whereat  mmdare, 

the  theory  of  the  followers  of  Orpheus,  (i.  153.  iv.  47.  xv.  74.  &c)  wXfuu,  is 

of  the  Pythagoreans,  and  of  the  Stoics.  <  to  dare  in  defiance  of  axtamal  oteiap 

(To  this  we  may  attribute  the  antiquity  cles:'    though    this   distinction   is   not 

and  solemnity  of   the  worship  of  the  always  observed ;  see  v.  122.  and  BL, 

Roman  Vesta  and  the  superstitious  vene-  on  M.  P.  V.  1035. 

ration  with  which  the  holy  fire  was  pre-  90.  Gula  is  here  used  for  the  persoa : 

served.  LU,  FA,)    It  is  to  these  iaeas  R.  (cf.  i.  140.  v.  94.  158.  £cc.)  and  veiy 

toi^ether  with  the  notion  of  the  purifying  aptly ;  for  nv^m  rtt  OiX«|&fftf  •  'E^^^if, 

effect  possessed  by   the  elements,    (cf.  l^f^epJiyH  At,  rh  ^d^eyymmiw^  ftmmfi' 

Virg.  .aL  iii.  234.  vL  740  sqq.   vii.  114.  ri^**  yt^tty  yvAeim,  it  A^MMf  ra  M. 

(HF.)   Cic.  Rose.  Am.  26.)  that  our  umerir^  }Jk  rm  mieHeuM,  umt    h   h 

author  ironically  alludes :    but  to  give  kiuXmeUt    mmi  h%ut9  4v  hmmimt  l««M9br- 

the  full  effect  to  his  sarcasm,  we  must  r«f  iTmm,  ihn  t^y  f  ivUmwei  lr/it»  MfxUt 

suppose  Volusius  to  have  a  leaning,  at  ^x*  f  {/Sm^  rhH  rMtirut  x'^sm  me^  fU- 

lean,  towards  the  tenets  of  the  fire-wor-  xirra  Aymrmw.  in^iSUf  Ariat.  Eth.iii.  lOl 

shippers.   R.  cf.  note  on   Her.  iii.   16.  91.  This  was  pretty  dear  proof,  that 

It  is  not  improbable  that  the  allusion  the  first  comers  had  relished  what  they 

is  to  the  followin8[  anecdote :  Lm^un  m^9  ate.  Af. 

s«Xfr«f  *EXAif»«>  r§ut  wm^uvrmt  i7|»ir«  92.  FoMOMi  has  its  pemiltiiBate  ooai- 

**  M  uietf  A*  xt^fi^**  fi»vX§iaT0  t»u$  mon.  R.    <  The  Vaacons' were  a  people 

^mri(»t  Aw$iimwm$9rmf  eiruHtu  \'   ti  ti  in  the  north-east  of  Spain :   ^the  modem 

'*  W  •ItitvY    t^aeav  '*t^ut  £f  T§»r0"  Catalonia  and  Navarre:)   from  when 

A»^t7tt  ))  fiurk  rmvrm  jMiAi#«f  *ifUi9  rtut  the  Gascons  are  descended.    Their  capi- 

««Ai«/Ki««f;«   RaXX«r/«r.   «7   rtut    ynmt  tal  was  Cale^ru  (now  Calahorra  in 

»«ri##i««ri.  i7^ir«.  irtt^itrm^  tSv  *EXXif«  New  Castile)  on  the  right  bank  of  the 

v«».  -'  !«-}  TtM  xt^fumri  iJ^/eittr  Af  riXtv-  Ebro,  the  birth-place  of  Qaintilian.  Scrab. 

ritrrmt   r«W  9'»ri(mt    MmraMmiuv  m-ufSi'  iii.  p.  111.  Flor.  Ill*  XxiL  9.  (2>lf.)  liv. 


SAT.  XV.  OF  JUVENAL-  357 

Vasconesy  heee  fama  est,  alimentU  talibus  olim 
Produxere  animas :  sed  res  diversa,  sed  illic 
95  Fortunae  invidia  est  bellorumque  ultima,  casus 
Extremi,  longae  dira  obsidionis  egestas. 
Hujus  enim,  quod  nunc  agitur,  miserabile  debet 
Exempluui  esse  cibi :  sicut  modo  dicta  mihi  gens 
Post  omnes  herbas,  post  cuncta  animalia,  quidquid 

100  Cogebat  yacui  ventris  furor,  hostibus  ipsis 

Pallorem  ac  maciem  et  tenues  miserantibus  artus. 
Membra  aliena  fame  lacerabant,  esse  parati 
Et  sua.  Quisnam  hominum  veniam  dare,  quisve  Deorum 
Viribus  abnuerit  dira  atque  immania  passis, 

105  Et  quibus  illorum  poterant  ignoscere  manes. 
Quorum  corporibus  yescebantur  ?    Melius  nos 
Zenonis  preecepta  monent :  nee  enim  omnia,  quaedam 

£p.  xciu.  (DR.)  When  hesxtgtd  by  101.  Cf.  Call.  H.  Cer.  94.  (5P.)  R. 
Pompey  ana  Metellnst  the  citizens  were  102.  See  that  most  pathetic  and  sub- 
so  reduced  b^  ftunine,  that,  to  maintain  lime  picture  which  is  g^iven  in  Dent, 
intiolale  their  engagement  to  Sertorius  zxviii.  49— 57.  M. 
(who  was  then  no  more),  they  devoured  £sie  i.  e.  edert,  LU. 
their  wirci  and  children  rather  than  103.  '  Those  of  their  wives  and  chil- 
sarrendar.  V.  Mai.  VII.  vi.  extr,  2  sq.  dren'  [cf.  Her.  i.  214,  note  2.]  '  and 
PlaU  Sisil.  and  Pomp.  App.  B.  Hisp.  even  theirown.* ipM  suoi  artui  iactfro 
101.  B.  C.  i.  97.  108—115.  SCH.  FlL  divelUrt  manu  arpit  et  inftli*  minutndo 
il.  G.  ecrpus  alebat ;  Ov .  M.  riii.  877  sq.  A. 

94.  AitwmM  *  their  lifes.'  LU.  vi.  501.  104.  VtrUnu  '  to  men  so  brave/  the 
is.  122.  A.  abstract  for  tlie  concrete.  LU.    Another 

95.  On  the  rabject  of  this  '  envy,'  reading  is  urbibus,  viz.  Calaguris,  Nu- 
wUch  the  andants  attributed  to  Fortune  maotia,  and  Saguntum.  PR.  Vetaribus 
and  their  Gods,  R,  cf.  Her.  i.  32.  iii,  40.  perhaps  would  be  better  than  either :  cf. 
(LJ.)  Har.  vii.  10,  note  11.  ib.  46,  note  lii.  167.  iv.  107.  xiv.  126.  The  abbre- 
47.  and  .£sch.  P.  V.  884.  (BG.)  [Livy  viatioo  Vtbibvs  might  be  easily  cor- 
zis,80,20.  £D.]  nipted  into  Viaiavs.  VA.  Compaia  also 

WithalttflMvndeitiand«M(a,p«r(c«Ja,  the  nse  of  gula,  v.  90  and  elsewhere. 

R»  or  duerimiiuu    For  other  instances  of  WB,  and    OR,    receive    the  proposed 

the  ailfemitict  to  which  those  besieged  emendation. 

have  bean  redoced,  tea  notes  on  Her.  i.  105.  Mann  ;  Pers.  v.  162,  note.  PR, 

176.  and  vii.  107.  107.  Zeno  the  Stoic.  VS.  cf.  xiii.  121. 

97.  MitgrabiU:  U  rttf  iufw^imt  rvy-  PR. 

9«^e» Iniin  )2  jmJ  fXMf *    Ariat.  £th.  iii.  Non  omni  ftretio  v i t a  tmenda  ett ; 

1.  indeed,  all  the   former  part  of  that  Sen.  £p.  72. 17.  70.    vitam  quidem  non 

chapter  may  ba  oonsolted  here  and  at  adeo  upettndam  e§niemui,  ut  quoouo  modo 

108  SML  jmttrahenda   ut.    quuquis  et  talu,  iBquo 

99L  Cf.  Or.  M.  viit.  799  sqq.  Sil.  ii.  moriere,  etiam  cum  obsearnus  vixerii  aut 

461—474.  Claad.  B.  G.  21   sqq.   JR.  nrfindui',  Plio.  zxviii.  1  i2.  cf.  viii.  83 

Locaa.  VS.  sq.  notes,  uujue  adeone  mart  miserum  e$t  7 

lOO.Jmprobavontrit  rabi$i;\iTg.  Virfr.  iE.  xii.  646.  PR.  R.  LU.    tfm  T 

M»  ii.  356.  Ath.  x.  1.  A.  Tir^  •»»  7rv«f  afMyitmHnMn.  AXXm  ^AJUt 

'  Their  very  aneBies.'   cf.  Psalm  cvi.  m^0hnri§9,  traiirrm  rk  htfirurw    Arist 

46.  M.  Eth.  iii.  1. 


358 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT,  XV. 


Pro  vita  facienda  putat.     Sed  Cantaber  unde 
Stoicus,  antiqui  praesertim  setate  M etelli  ? 

110  Nunc  totus  Graias  nostrasque  habet  orbis  Athenas. 
Gallia  causidicos  docuit  facunda  Britannos : 
De  conducendo  loquitur  jam  rhetore  Thule. 
Nobilis  ille  tamen  populus,  quem  diximus ;  et  par 
Virtute  atque  fide,  sed  major  clade  Saguntus 

115  Tale  quid  excusat     Mosotide  seevior  ara 

iEgyptus.     Quippe  ilia  nefandi  Taurica  sacri 


108.  Cantabria  it  now  '  Biscay.'  PR. 
The  Vascons  are  here  meant  Llf. 

109.  Q.  CiBcilius  Mttellui  Pius  (sod 
of  Q.  C.  M.  Numidiais)  may  he  called 
anti^us  with  refereDce  either  to  his 
having  lived  so  many  years  before  the 
time  Juvenal  is  speaking  of,  or  to  bis 
advanced  age ;  (cf.  Virg.  JR.  iz.  647.) 
in  reference  to  which  Sertorius  face- 
tiously observed  in  an  address  to  his 
soldiers :  "  As  for  that  boy"  (meaning 
Pompey),  "if  it  bad  not  been  for  the 
arrival  of  this  old  woman,"  (viz.  Metel- 
his,)  "  I  would  have  whipped  him  and 
sent  him  home."  Plat.  Sert.  0pp.  t.  i.  p. 
678.  R. 

110.  '  Athens  of  Greece  :'  unde  huma' 
nitas,  doctrina,  religiot  fmgest  jura,  Uges 
ortcb  atque  in  omnet  terras  distributee  pU' 
tantur;  Cic.  for  Flac.  26.  PR.  Hence 
Thucydides  calls  it  «'«i}iivi«  rnt  '£XX«- 
}»f'  ii.  41.  Diodorus,  mmm?  wm^turn^f* 
wAfrett  i^ftt^mt-  xiii.  p.  344,  23.  80 
that  Athens  became  a  synonymous  word 
for  <  literature  and  the  fine  arts,'  and 
the  school  where  these  were  taught  was 
called  an  Athenaeum.  R, 

Nostras :  in  like  manner  onr  author 
says  Syrus  in  TU>erim  defluxit  Orontes\ 
iu.  62.  R.cf.  tfr.  6I,note. 

111.  Gallia  I  cf.  i.  44,  and  vii.  148, 
notes.  LIT. 

On  the  Britons,  see  Tac.  Agr.  21.  R. 

1 12.  Of  course  this  is  to  be  taken  as 
an  hyperbole.  LU, 

What  northern  country  the  ancients 
designated  by  the  name  of  ThuU  is  very 
uncertain.  It  may  be  either  ( 1 )  Sweden 
and  Norway,  or  (2)  Shetland,  LU.  or 
(3)  Iceland,  ultitna  Thule;  Virg.  G.  i. 
30.  (JO.)  PR,  cf.  Plin.  Ep.  iv.  16. 
Isid.  Et  xiv.  Mela  iii.  6.  p.  57.  R,  see 
AN, 

113.  The  Vascons  of  Calaguris.  PR, 
114.'  The  Saguntines  were  as  distin- 


guished by  their  fidelity  to  Rome,  as  the 
men  of  Calaguris  were  for  theirs  to 
Sertorius  \*  M.  *  but  more  eminent  in 
their  disasters  :'  for  the  siege  of  Calaguris 
was  raised  ;  (A.  U.  679.  OR,)  Lit.  £p. 
xciii.  A  pp.  B.  C.  i.  1 12.  whereas  Sagnn- 
tum  was  captured  by  Hannibal  after  an 
eight  nMmtns'  siege  and  rawd ;  SiL  L 
296.  ii.  695.  Liv.  xxi.  5—15.  Polyb.  iii. 
17.  Flor.  ii.  2.  Plin.  vii.  3.  V.  Max.  vL 
6.  R.  PR,  SCH,  The  latter  author  con- 
cludes in  words  which  show  that  he  felt 
for  their  ill-fated  devotion  ;  erediderim 
tune  ipsam  Fidem,  humana  negotia  ipeeu- 
lantern,  moTitum  ges$iue  vultum ;  perteve" 
rantistimum  tui  cidtum,  iniquiB  Fertwut 
Judieio,  tant  aeerbo  exitu  damnatum  cvr- 
itentem,  G, 

Saguntust  or  Saguntum  in  Valenda. 
PR,  V.  29,  note.  It  has  a  Ibrt, 
which  still  bears  the  name  of  Sa- 
g  u  n  t  a. 

1 15.  Among  the  Tauri  who  inhabited 
the  peninsula,  called  from  then  the 
Taunc  Chersonese,  now  the  Crimea,  on 
the  south  west  of  the  Msotic  lak«,  there 
was  an  altar  to  Diana  on  which  it  was 
the  practice  to  immolate  shipwrecked 
strangers.  On  this  custom  Euripides 
founded  the  tragedy  of  Iphigenia  in 
Tauris.  cf.  Dio<£  iv.  3.  45.  Strab.  ▼• 
Her.  iv.  103.  Pans.  iii.  16.  iz.  19. 
Ov.  Pont.  III.  ii.  45—96.  Tr.  IV.  iv. 
63—82.  Call.  Dian.  173  sq.  (5P.) 
Anton.  Lib.  F.  27.  and  Hyg.  F.  98. 120. 
(MUN.)  Virg.  JE, Tii.  761  sqq.  exc.  Tiii. 
(HY,)  VS,  LU,  R. 

McBotis  ara  ;  xiv.  287,  note.  R. 

116.  Tauriea,  understand  terra  or 
ChersonesuSt  as  in  Plin.  iv.  12.  R.  The 
country  put  for  the  people,  M,  as 
in  35. 

Nefandi  saeri.  For  sapius  oftm  Relig;io 
peperit  sceUrosa  atque  impia  facta,  AuUia 
([uopacto  Trivial  virginis  aram  Ipihianassa'i 


SAT.  XV.  OF  JUVENAL.  359 

Inventrix  homines  (ut  jam,  quae  carmina  tradunt, 
Digna  fide  eredas)  tantum  immolat,  ulterius  nil 
Aut  gravius  cultro  timet  hostia.     Qui  modo  casus 

1 20  Impulit  hos  ?  Qu£e  tanta  fames  infestaque  vallo 
Anna  coegerunt  tam  detestabile  monstrum 
Audere  ?  Anne  aliain,  terra  Memphitide  sicca. 
Invidiam  facerent  nolenti  surgere  Nilo  ? 
Qua  nee  terribiles  Cimbri  nee  Britones  umquam 

125  Sauromataeve  truces  aut  immanes  Agathyrsi, 
Hac  saevit  rabie  imbelle  et  inutile  vulgus, 
Parvula  fictilibus  solitum  dare  vela  phaselis 

turpArunt ttnuminefarde duefore$ Danaum.  vr.  546  sq.  nam  quod  invidiam  faeis 

•  •  •  tantnm  R^igio  potuit  tuadirt  malo-  no6/i,  ingenuas  hnneiUtsque  elamando,  vide 

rum  !  Locr.  i.  83  sqq.  R,  ne  diteriflrem  facias  fionfidentia  causam  ; 

117.  ThoM,  tbe  kiDg  of  the  Tanri,  Petr.  p.  374.  G.  cf.  Quint.  Decl.Tiii.  14. 
wbo  wti  afterwmrdt  tlain  by  Orestes,  is  (  BU,)  R, 

said  to  have  been  the  inventor  uf  this        The  Nile  was  one  of  the  chief  deities  of 

barbaroos  rite.  VS.  PR.  Egjpt*  JB,  P.  JE,  t.  ii.  p.  140  sqq.  p. 

Ut  *  even  supposing.'  R.  168  sqq.  cf.  Her.  quoted  in  note  on  7. 

118.  'They  only  immolate.'  LU.  On  the  causes  of  the  river's  rise,  see  Her. 
"  Far,  fu  more  savaee,  Egypt's  frantic  li.  17—25.  (WS,  LA.)  Ath.  ii.  88—90. 
train.  They  butcher  first,  and  then  de-  (•Sir.)  Diod.  i.  p.  33  sqq.  Sen.  N.  Q.  iv. 
Toar  the  slain !"  G.  2.  Jfi.  ih.  p.  14  sqq.  p.  lf»3  sqq.  R. 

121.  Mamirum ;  ii.  122.  R.  124.  Britones  a  German  tribe,  from 

122.  *  The  land  of  £gypt,  so  called  which  the  Bretons  who  settled  in  Ar- 
from  Memphis  a  royal  city  on  the  left  morica  derived  their  oriein  and  name. 
bank  of  the  Nile,  (near  its  division  to  Tac.  SCH.  Sidon.  A  p.  Pit. 

form  tbe  Delta,)  opposite  to  which,  on  125.  Pictique  Agathyrsi  i  Virg.  JE,  iv. 

the  right  bank  of  the  river,  now  stands  146.  exc.  ii.  (i/K.)    A  Scythian  nation, 

Grand  Cairo.  R.  BRL  M.  LU.  who  occupied  the  modern  Tran^yl- 

123.  Tbe  meaning  of  the  question,  vania.  cf.  Her.  iv.  100.  102,  note.  104. 
which  is  reckoned  obecure  by  its  brevity,  125.  Plin.  iv.  12  s  26.  Mela  ii.  1.  R. 
appears  to  be  this  :  '  When  Egypt  was  126.  Imheiie  et  inutile;  cf.  note  98  on 
safferiog  from  drought  and  expecting  the  Her.  i.  191.  and  note  52  on  Her.  iii.  81 . 
annnal  inundation,  what  more  effectual  127.  *Avr«  ^atrmv  t  lrr«f  i  rSt  wm,ni- 
method  could  these  factious  cannibals  yvf«rr«i»  «xX«f  r*lv  U  rnt  *AXf|«f}^i/«f 
have  devised  for  incensing  the  god  of  tbe  »«r«tf»r«f  rf  %tm^vy»'  «'«#«  yk^  ^f^i^*  ««m 
Kile  and  provoking  the  River  to  with-  vv^  m-Xnfutt  r«»  it  rcTf  vXtm^^t  s«r«r- 
hold  his  fertiKung  waters,  thereby  bring-  X»vf»k>ty  ««}  »«rtff;^«p^iMvv  iNtj^v  fitTk 
vag  bim  into  uopopulaiity  and  public  riff  Wx^mt  JUtkm^imt  »m)  At^^  »ai 
odium  1  R.  M,  G,  On  one  occasion,  ywmtKm'  Strabo  xvii.  p.  801  A.  who 
indeed,  it  appears  that  a  drought  of  long  also  mentions  their  using  boats  of  baked 
continsaace  was  remedied  by  a  human  earth;  LU.  varnished  so  as  to  be 
sacrifice:  drdtur  i£g3^(oicarui«Mjii VON-  water-tight.  By  its  absolute  want  of 
tiha  arsa  imbr'Aut,  atquM   annns  sicca  timber,  this  nation  was  driven  to  raise- 

ykiat  mmem :  cum  Thrasiut  Buiirin  adit,  rable  shifts.     Even  under  tbe  Greeks, 

mBtutrmtque  putri  hmpstis  effuso  sanguine  when  they  enjoyed  a  transient  gleam  of 

pdssf  Jmnm.      iiU    Busiris,   **  fie*  Joois  prosperity,  their  internal  communications 

kmtia  priMiu,'*  infvic,  "  et  JRgypto  tu  were  carried  on  in  canoes  that   would 

dabit  hoipei  aquom  ;"  Ov.  A.  A.  i.  647  disgrace  the  New-Zealanders.  The  Pto- 

sqa.  M.  FA.  Hyg.  ¥.  56.  R.  lemies,  indeed,  had  vessels  of  a  consider- 

Ut^pmrumjutta  aimtuiii^us  in  peliice  able  size  in  the  Mediterranean,  but  these 

««Mr,  tfivlcftam/eseredAe;  Ov.M.  came,  as  they  still  do,  from  Cyprus, 


360  THE  SATIRES  sat.  xv. 

Et  brevibus  pictae  remis  incumbere  teste. 

Nee  pcenam  sceleri  invenies  nee  digna  parabis 
IdO  Supplicia  his  populis,  in  quorum  mente  pares  sunt 

£t  similes  ira  atque  fames.     MoUissima  corda 

Humano  generi  dare  se  Natura  fatetur. 

Quae  lacrumas  dedit :  hsBc  nostri  pars  optima  sensus. 

Plorare  ergo  jubet  casum  lugentis  amici 
135  Squaloremque  rei,  pupillunt  ad  jura  vocantem 

Circurascriptorem,  cujus  manantia  fletu 

Ora  puellares  faciunt  incerta  eapilli. 

Naturoe  imperio  gemimus,  quum  funus  adultae 

Virginis  occurrit  vel  terra  clauditur  infans 

Rhodes,  &c.  cf.  Sen.  N.  Q.  Hi.  25.  iv.  2.  squalid  plight,  in  order  to  excite  com- 

GR,  Any  concave  Tessel  will  float,  if  the  rniseration  m  the  judges.  PR.    "  Un- 

aggregate  of  its  bulk  be  of  less  specific  comb'd  his  locks*  and  squalid  his  attire." 

mvity  than  waters  ACH.    Boats  have  D. 

been  constructed  of  copper  and  of  iron.  136.  For  pypiUvt  and  ehreunuerifiltr, 

Juvenal  had  in  his  mind  the  folloMring  cf.  i.  46  sq.  R,  and  z«  222.  PR* 

passage  :   9ti<s  Peltai  geiufortunata  Cc'  137.  Cf.  Hor.  II  Od.  ▼.  23  sq.  (MI.) 

nopiaecoliteffutflstagnantemflumineNilum  Ov.   M.   viii.  322.  iz.  711.   (fiL)   R» 

St  cvreum  pictu  vehitur  tua  rura  phaietis ;  Mart.  XII.  zlix.  OR. 

Virg.  G.  iv.  287  sqq.  fragiles  phateli ;  138.  This  may  reouod  one  of  the  pas- 

Hor.  Ill  Od.  ii.  28.  Ov.  Pont.  I.  x.  39.  sage  in  Hamlet,  where  the  Queen  scatters 

The  Egyptian  boat   was  called  baris : .  flowers  en  Ophelia's  grare :    *'  8w«ets 

Diod.  i.  98.  Her.  ii.  96 sq.  HY.  cf.  Plin.  to    the    sweet :     farewell !     I  honed, 

vi.  22.  xiii.  11.   Theoph.  H.  P.  iv.  9.  thou  should'st  have  been  my  Hamlet*a 

Phit.  Is.  Os.  p.  358.    Luc.  iv.  135  sqq.  wife ;  I  thought,  thy  bride*l!ed  to  have 

Exodus  ii.  3.  Joshua  xviiL  2.    The  pho'  deck*d^  s.w^t  maid,  And  not  t*  have 

$elus  [whence  our  word  vessp.l]  was  *  a  strew'd  thy  grave :".  V.  i.   cf.  also  Ter. 

long  narrow  boat'  or  '  gondola,'  and  was  An.  !•  i.  77 — 109.  M.    How  ezmrisite 

so  called   from  its  resemblance  to  '  a  is  the  pathos  in  the  simile  which  Shak- 

bean-shell.'  cf.  Virg.  G.  a.  227.    From  speare  nas  pot  in  the  mouth  of  old  Capn- 

its  make,  it  was  of  great  swiftness :  cf.  Cat.  let  on  his  daughter's  apparent  death! 

iv.  1.  (FO.)  R.  as  the  boats  which  are  '  '*  Death  lies  on  her,  like  an  antamely 

built  for  racing  on  the  Isis.  frost  upon  thesveetest  flower  of  all  the 

128.  ^EftOmkuf  »mrmtn'    Piod.  P.  iv.  field;"  Rom.  and  Jul.  IV.  ▼.  Compare 

356.   Wt^tMrr  IXmnffi,  ApoU.  Rh.  ii.  other  passages  in  that  and  the  followinf 

663.  K.  scenes.    "For  though  fond   Natvre 

1 30.  '  W  ho  commit  out  of  mere  anger  bids  us  a  11. lament.  Yet  Nature's 

such  atrocities,  ^.extreme  necessity  alone  tears  are  Reason's  merriment;"  ifr, 

could  justify  in  the  Vascons.'  LV,  139.  Editu  uifantUmt  prmurn  m 

132.  Natura  hominem  tantum  nudum  mtnte  gigni  dentet  haud  dubium  eU 

et   in  uuda  humo  uatali  die  abjicit  ad    hominem  pfiue  quamgeuito  dmte  en 

vagilui  ttatim  et  ploratum,  nuUumque  tot  mot  gentium  nan  eit  \  Plin.  vii.  16  s  16.  BE. 

animalium  aliud  ad  luerumas,  et  has  pro-  ib,  54.    tuggrundarim  amtiqui  dke* 

tinui  tif(«  principio:  at,  Herculet,  risut,  bant  iepulctahifantium, qui needum hi, diet 

pracox  iUe  et  ceUrrimuit  ante  quadrageti'  itkpKuent,  quift  neebu^ta  dici  peitnmi  ; 

mum  diem  nviti  datvr  ;  Plin.  vii.  1  R,  quia  oua  quet  eomhurentur  non  erant;  mee 

133.  *Ayaiti  Jt^iUM^ittf  jy^^if.  LU,  (tumuli,  quia  ntm  erui]  tenia  eadamm 

134.  Cf.  Romanx  xii.  15.  Af.  immanitat,  qua  locus  tuaiesorril.    umde 

135.  Those  who  were  arraigned  in  a  RutUiui  Geminuk  AttjfanatU ait:  "  Mr- 
court  of  judicature  used  to  appear  in  a  Hut  suggrMndarium  mitero  quetrerm  quam 


SAT.  XV.  OF  JUVENAL.  361 

140  £t  minor  igne  rogi.     Quis  enim  bonus  et  face  dignus 

Arcana,  qualem  Cereris  vult  esse  sacerdos, 

Ulla  aliena  sibi  credat  mala  ?  Separat  hoc  nos  ,.  /  . 

A  grege  mutorum,  atque  ideo  venerabile  soli    ^    U^*^^  "^ 

Sortiti  ingenium  divinorumque  capaces 
145  Atque  exercendis  capiendisque  artibus  apti 

Sensum  a  ccelesti  demissum  traximus  arce, 

Cujus  egent  prona  et  terram  spectantia.     Mundi 

Principio  indulsit  communis  conditor  illis 

Tantum  animas,  nobis  animum  quoque,  mutuus  ut  nos 
150  Affectus  petere  auxilium  et  praestare  juberet, 

Dispersos  trahere  in  populum,  migrare  vetusto 

tepulerum  ;**  Fab.  Plaoc.  Fulg.  in  Exp.  144.  Deus  hominei  humo  eicitatot  eeliot 

Serm.  Ant.  p.  560.  PR.     This  writer  is  ittrextos  canitituit,uldeorumcogintioium, 

ODe  of  little  veracity,  and  fond  of  invent-  catlum  intueutetpCapere  posunt ;  iunt  enim 

ing  words  and  forging  auiboritiet.  OR,  homines  uonutincola  atque  habitatores,sed 

Cicero  says  it  was  not  usual  to  weep  for  quasi  tpectutores  tuperarum  rerum  atque 

iafants  so  young ;   and  Plutarch,  in  his  cctle^iium,  quarum  $pectaculum  ad  milium 

Consolation  to  his  wife,  endeavours  to  aliud  genut  animajitium  pertinet ;    Cic. 

modarate  her  grief  for  her  child,  by  a  N.  D.  ii.  56.  R,     How  sadly  men  have 

rtfereDce  to    this    prevailing    practice,  neglected  or  abused  this  their  '  capacity 

Javeoal,  however,  with  his  usual  good  to  apprehend  divine  truths'  may  be  seen, 

sense*  produces  this  aflecting   circom-  Romans  i.  21  sq.  M. 

stance,  to  show  the  power  of  unsophisti-  146.   Animorum  nulla  in  terris  origo 

cated    nature  over  the   refinements  of  inveniri  potest.  .  .  .  ita  quidquid  est  illud 

cottom.  O.  With  pity  it  has  fared  much  quod  sensit,  quod  sapit,  quod  vult,  quod 

the  same  as  with  piety:  cf.  V.  Max.  V.  viget,  caleste  et  divinum  ett  ideoque  atter'- 

iv.  «xf.  5.  R.  num,  ^c.  Cic.  T.  Q.  i.  27!  divina  parti- 

140.  The  rites  of  Ceres  were  performed  eulam  aurtr ;  Hor.  IIS.  ii.  79.  PR.  igneui 

in  secret  and  by  night :  it  was  the  height  est  oUis  vigor  et  cxlestis  origo  ;    Virg.  Al. 

ef  impiety  to  divulge  them.  cf.  Call.  H.  vi.  730  sqq.  and  esc.  xiii.  {HY.)  LU, 

Cer.  7.  (5P.)  Hor.  Ill  Od.  ii.  26.  {ML)  Fulgent,  ii.  9.  {MUN.)  R, 

On  the  fifth  and  great  day  of  the  festival  Arce ;  cf.  85.  R.  xiv.  87.  nos  tua  pro- 

(4  tSv  Xmfurdhtt  4/k(^«>.  in  memory  of  genies,   coeli   quihus    annuit  arc  em] 

the  search  made  by  the  goddess  with  Virg.  ^E.  i.  254.  M. 

torches  after  Proserpine,  lighted  torches  147.  Figuram  quoqne  corporis  Juibilem 

were  placed  before  their  doors,  Plut.  Cic.  et  aplam  ingenio  dedit :  nam  cum  cateras 

t.  i.  p.  071.  as  well  as  carried  in  pro-  animantesDeusadjednet  ad  pastuiA,  solum 

eeasion  both  by  men  and  women  ^mi$v  hominem  erexitet  od  eali  quasi  cognitionem, 

:^cf>.   These  were  no  longer  fnv^^su,  who  domicilii  unde  descenderat,  excitavit ;  Cic. 

were  admisnible  only  to  the  lesser  mys-  N.  D.  ii.  56.  prona  que  cum  spec  tent 

teriee,  hut  l^«^  or  Wirrm  %    and  the  animalia  cetera  terram,  os  homini  sub- 

priest   {It^tfdfmt    or    fAP^rmystyit)   re-  lime  dedit  aelumque  tueri  juuit  et  erectos 

waled  to  them  the  greater    mysteries,  ad  sidera  tollere  vuUus',Ov,  M.'i.S4  sqq. 

after  a  strict  previous  enquiry  into  the  PR,  omnes  homines  qui  se^e  student  prce- 

moral   and  relieious  characters  of  the  stare  ceteris  animalihuSf  qua  Natura  prona 

caadidates.  cf.  vi.  50,  note.  LU.  JS.  R.  et  ventri  obedietuia  finxit,  S^c.  Sail.  B.  C. 

Or.  F.iv. 493 sq. Claud. R.Pr.i.  U.  PR.  1.  (CO.)  M.  Cic.  Leg.  i.  9.  pr.  R. 

142.  life  semes  (Ter.  Heaut.  I.  i.  25.)  149.  Animas ;  vi.  531 ,  note.  cf.  Ecclcs. 

H  in  peeUreei  in  org  tit:  "  homo  sum,  m.  21.  M.  and  Gen.  ii.  7. 

kstmam  nUul  a  nu  alimtum  puto ;"  Sen.  150.  Cf.  Sen.  £p.  95.  Iia  i.  5.  R. 

Ep.  96.  Cic  OC  i.  9.  R.  151.    Fuit  quondam   tempus,  eum   in 

3  A 


362  THE  SATIRES  sat.  xv. 

De  nemore  et  proavis  habitatas  linquere  sUvas ; 

^dificare  domos,  Laribus  conjungere  nostris 

Tectum  aliud,  tutos  vicino  limine  somnos 
155  Ut  collata  daret  fiducia ;  protegere  armis 

Lapsum  aut  ingenti  nutantem  vulnere  civem, 

Communi  dare  signa  tuba,  defendier  isdem 

Turribus  atque  una  portarum  clave  teneri. 

Sed  jam  serpentum  major  concordia.    Parcit 
160  Cognatis  maculis  similis  fera.     Quando  leoni 

Fortior  eripuit  vitam  leo?  Quo  nemore  umquam 

Exspiravit  aper  majoris  dentibus  apri  ? 

Indica  tigris  agit  rabida  cum  tigride  pacem 

Perpetuam :  ssevis  inter  se  convenit  ursis. 
165  Ast  homini  ferrum  letale  incude  nefanda 

• 

agrii  paiiitn  homines  btstiarum  mart  vaga*  connected,  or  in  whose  honoar  they  art 

hantur  et  tihi  victu  ferine  vitam  propa-  interested,  and  are  no  less  prompt  to 

gabant ;    Cic  lov.  i.  2.    Ath.  xiv.  23.  avenge  them.    The  savage,  however  iiB' 

SCH,  tuurbespeperiiti;  tu  ditsipatos  ho-  perfectly  he  may  comprehend  the  priiK 

mines  in  iocietatem  vitiB  convocditi ;  tu  eat  ciples  of  political  union,  feels  warmly  the 

inter  se  prima  domiciliis,  deinde  conjugiis,  sentiments  of  social   affection,  and  the 

liim  Literarum  et  Docum  communionejunx-  obligations  arising  from  the  ties  of  blood. 

isti;  jfc.   Cic.  T.  Q.  v.  2  «  5.    oppida  On  the  appearance  of  an  injury  or  affront 

ccsperunt  munire,  et  ponere  leges,  ne  quis  offered  to  nis  family  or  tribe,  ne  kindles 

fur  esset,  neu  latro,  neu  quis  adulter ;  into  rage,  and  pursues  the  authors  of  it 

Hor.  I  S.  iii.  105  sq.  PR.  cf.  vi.  3  sqq,  with  the  keenest  resentment;"  Robertson, 

notes.  M.  ib.  i.  p.  38  sq. 

152.  Siheitret  homines  cadibus  et  victu         156.  For  saving  the  life  of  a  citizeD, 
fcedo  deterruit  Orphgus ;  Hor.  A.  P.  391  the  reward  was  a  civic  crown.    V.  Mai. 

sq.  PR,  ii.  8.  SCH. 

153.  "Instead  of  those  loose  associ-  159.  Canie  eaninam  nan  est;  Varro : 
ations,  which,  though  they  scarcely  di-  (JS,)  VS,  whereas  nulla  est  tarn  dttmtm- 
roinished  their  personal  independence,  hilis  pestis  qust  homini  ab  homine  nan  not- 
had  been  sufficient  for  their  security  while  eatur  ;  Cic.  Off.  solus  homo  ess  homini 
they  remained  in  their  original  countries,  lupus,  LU.  cetera  animantia  in  sua  genere 
they"  (the  barbarians  of  the  north,  who  prope  degunt:  congregari  videmus  et  stare 
had  overrun  and  conquered  Europe,)  contra  dissimilia:  leonum  feritas  inter  se 
*'  saw  the  necessity  of  uniting  in  more  non  dimicat:  serpentum  morsus  non  petit 
close  confederacy,  and  of  relinquishing  serpentes  :  nee  maris  quidem  heluee  nisi  in 
some  of  their  private  rights  in  order  to  diveraa  genera  setviunt,  at  hereute  homini 
attain  public  safety;"  Robertson,  Ch.  5th.  plurima  ex  homine  sunt  mala;  Plin.  vii. 
Intr.  §  i.  p.  12.  pr.  (HA,)  Sen.  Ep.  104.  PR,  Id.  95. 

155.  "  To  repel  injuries,  and  to  revenge  de  Clem.  i.  26.  Contr.  9.  Hur.  Ep.  vii. 

wrongs  is  no  less  natural  to  man  than  to  1 1  sq.  (M/.)  A.    Compare  the  dying 

cultivate  friendship;  and  while  society  vulture's  speech  in  the  original  No.22. 

remains  in  its  most  simple  state,  the  of  the  Idler. 

former  is  considered  as  a  personal  riG^ht         Parcit  5fc.   '*  This  is  prettily  said^  but 

no  less  unalienable  than  the  latter.    Nor  without  truth  :  since  the  male  beasts  of 

do  men  in  this  situation  deem  that  they  every  kind  fight  together,  when  hunger 

have  a  title  to  redress  their  own  wrongs  or  lust  stimnlates  them  ;  and  act,  in  uis 

alone ;    they  are  touched  with  the  in-  respect,  just  as  if  they  were  man,"  J0» 

juries  done  to  those  with  whom  they  are  And  this  too  is  prettily  said.  G. 


SAT.  XV.  OF  JUVENAL.  363 

Produxiflse  panim  est;  quum  rastra  et  sarcula  tantum 
Adsueti  coquere  et  marris  ac  vomere  lassi 
Nescierint  primi  gladios  extundere  fabri. 
Adspicimus  populos,  quorum  non  sufficit  irae 
170  Occidisse  aliquem;  sed  pectora,  brachia,  vultum 
Crediderint  genus  esse  cibi.     Quid  diceret  ergo, 
Vel  quo  non  fugeret,  si  nunc  hsec  monstra  videret 
Pythagoras,  cunctis  animalibus  abstinuit  qui 
Tamquam  homine  et  ventri  indulsit  non  omne  legumen  ? 

166.  And  3ret  the  first  tmiths  made  174.  **  Abstain  from  beans'*  is  said  to 

nothing  but  implements  of  husbandry,  have  been  one  of  his  precepts :  SCH,  for 

cf.  Plin.  zxxiv.   14.  Sen.  Ben.  vii.  10.  which  lingular  and  superstitious  injunc- 

Tib.  i.  3.  Virg.  G.  iL  538—540.  R.  tion  a  variety  of  reasons  have  been  as- 

169.*  People' viz.  the TentyriU8.BRI.  signed.  Cic.  Div.  ii.  119.  Plin.  xviii.  12. 

171.    Compare  with  this,  ii.  I  sqq«  Pint.  Symp.  viii.   pr.  8.  Or.  i.  deEtu, 

153 — 158.  R.  Cam.  Antiph.  in  Atb.  iv.  17.  Ath.  vii. 

173.  Pi^Wtfrof  was  a  native  of  Samoa.  16.  x.  5.  Cell.  iv.  11.  PR,  Iambi.  Ov. 
VS.  He  lidd  the  doctrine  of  the  met-  M.  xv.  60  sqq.  M,  Pythagoras  says; 
empsycbotis,  and  was  therefore  averse  sm^f  lypn^tfra,  {}» A^^s  U  rn»  riXura/fff 
to  slieddmg  the  blood  of  any  animal,  cf.  vv^  ^/Kir^ff^iy^r/v,  mJfim  ^otwuf  Luc.  V. 
Laert.  viiL  Cell.  iv.  1 1.  LL  iii.  229.  Auct.  t.  iii.  p.  96.  OR.  On  considering 
Afiler  many  travels,  he  settled  at  Crotona,  many  parts  of  this  great  man*8  character, 
in  the  reign  of  the  latter  Tarquin,(  where  as  it  is  to  be  collected  from  various 
be  became  the  founder  of  the  Italic  sect ;)  writers,  we  find  hiro,  in  mathematics,  in 
and  died  in  Magna  Greda  at  an  advanced  astronomy,  in  theology,  many  centuries 
age.  cf.  Enseb.  Lact.  iii.  Cic.  T.  Q.  i.  before  his  age  *,  and  one  might,  therefore, 
38.  IT.  2.  cum  in  Italiam  veniuet,  exornavit  be  almost  tempted  to  regard  these  tales, 
com  Graeimn,  ftuB  Magna  dieia  est,  et  respecting  his  veneration  or  abhorrence 
privatim  et  jmbUee,  ffrastantiuimit  imti'  for  this  or  that  particular  kind  of  pulse, 
tntU  et  artifms ;  ib,  v.  10.  PR.  Cicero  as  the  invention  of  later  times.  Instead 
baa  attacked  him  on  the  subject  of  his  of  wasting  our  ingenuity  on  endless  con- 
doctrine,  de  Div.  ii.  58.  and  so  has  Lu-  jectures,  we  should  do  well  to  call  to 
dan>  with  very  keen  ridicule,  in  bis  dia-  mind  the  history  of  the  golden  tooth, 
logne'Ov.  J(  *AXssr.  R.  For  a  full  ac-  and  be  previously  certified  of  the  existence 
eoani  cdTthis  eminent  philosopher,  see  AN,  of  the  fact !  G. 


SATIRE    XVL 


ARGUMENT. 

Under  a  pretence  of  pointing  out  to  his  friend  Gallus  the  advantages  of  a 
military  state,  1 — 6.  the  author  attacks,  with  considerable  spirit,  the 
exclusive  privileges  which  the  army  had  acquired  or  usurped,  to  the 
manifest  injury  of  the  civil  part  of  the  community.  7  xiq*  ^*  'I*^^ 
military  had  now  got  to  such  a  pitch  of  licentiousness,  as  to  insult  their 
fellow-citizens  with  gross  impunity.  9 — 12.  Every  compUdnt  agunst  a 
soldier  must  be  brought  before  a  court-martial;  where  the  plaintiff 
obtained  little  redress,  while  he  incurred  the  most  imminent  peril. 
13 — 34.  Again,  whereas  all  other  citizens  suffer  deplorably  by  the  deUjrs 
of  the  law,  to  soldiers  there  is  always  a  court  open ;  and  their  causes 
are  immediately  heard,  and  as  promptly  decided.  35—50. 

Soldiers  have  also  the  peculiar  privilege  of  disposing  of  the  property  they 
acquire  in  the  service,  even  in  their  father's  lifetime :  51 — 56.  and  this 
property  is  not  inconsiderable,  as  it  is  the  policy  of  a  general  to  heap 
riches  and  honours  upon  his  meritorious  followers.  56 — 60.  R, 

The  outline  presented  scope  for  a  picture  not  unworthy  of  the  pencil  of 
Juvenal ;  and  indeed,  what  is  touched  of  it,  possesses  at  times  a  con- 
siderable degree  of  merit.  Much,  however,  yet  remained  to  be  filled  up, 
(cf.  Polyb.  vi.  39.  LI,  Mil.  Rom.  v.  19.  de  Magn.  Rom.  i.  6.)  when  the 
writer,  as  if  alarmed  at  the  boldness  of  his  own  design,  hurried  on  the 
conclusion,  with  an  abruptness  which  mars  the  whole  effect.  O,  Indeed 
whether  or  no  Juvenal  was  the  writer  has  been  much  disputed.  On  the 
affirmative  side  of  the  question  are  Priscian,  SF,  JS.  DM.  SR.  Af. 
&c.  &c.  on  the  negative,  GROT.  RU.  D.  PL,  BA.  HK,  G,  &c.  (see 
Gibbon,  Rise  and  Fall ;  note  on  ch.  v.)  At  any  rate  it  seems  an  unfimshed 
piece  ;  if.  and  I  have  marked  it  accordingly. 


SAT.  XVI.      THE  SATIRES  OF  JUVENAL.  365 


Qui8  numerare  queat  felicis  prsemia,  Galle, 
Militiae?  Nam  si  subeuntur  prospera  castra, 
Me  pavidum  excipiat  tironem  porta  secundo 
Sidere.     Plus  etenim  fati  valet  bora  benigni, 
5  Quam  si  nos  Veneris  commendet  epistola  Marti 
Et  Samia  genitrix  quae  delectatur  arena. 

Commoda  tractemus  primum  communia,  quorum 
Hand  minimum  illud  erit,  ne  te  pulsare  togatus 
Audeat ;  immo,  etsi  pulsetur,  dissimilet  nee 
10  Audeat  excussos  Praetori  ostendere  dentes 
Et  nigram  in  facie  tumidis  livoribus  ofiam 
Atque  oculum  medico  nil  promittente  relictum. 
Bardaicus  judex  datur  base  punire  volenti 


1.  Gaihu^  the  poet's  friend,  is  proba-  i.  p.  35.  ii.  p.  136.  iv.  p.  220.  R,  and  xiv. 

bly  the  same  person  that  Martial  so  often  154,  note.  On  toga^  as  characteristic  of 

mentions.  R.  the  man  of  peace,  cf.  viii.  240,  note.  x. 

3.  A  Roman  camp  had  two  gates :  8,  note.  [Livy  xxii,  23,  2.  ED,] 
that  in  front,  opposite  the  enemy,  was        9.  Cf.  iii.  288 — 301.  R, 

called '  the  Prstorian,'  and  the  postern,         10.  ^  To  the  civil  magistrate.'  R. 
by  which  military  delinquents  were  lea         12.  *  Giving  no  hopes.'  LU. 
out  to  he  punished,  was  called  jDetn/mona.         13.   Bardei:    'IXXv^im  ^wX$t,  §!  »«) 

LI,  Veget.  de  Re  Mil.  PR.  kymt^ifii^M  iri^  rns  'ir«X<«f  >  »Tk  K/»- 

4.  Sidere;  vii.  195,  note.  Hor.  II  Od.  fu  xa)  Mm^Uu  ^r^arturd/Aiftr  tta)  l»  rw- 
xvii.  17  sqq.  M.  r»v  rvntymetu  %»rk  rSf  ^irr^-Mv*  Gloss. 

6.  *  Than  if  we  carried  a  letter  of  re-  L.  G.  They  are  called  Vare/n?/,  Plin.  iii. 

commoidation  to  Mars  from  his  mistress  22  »  26.  Cic.  ad  Div.  v.  9.  Oveifit0t,  Ptol. 

or  his  mother.' X {7.  ii.  1/.  'A^hmTu,  Strab.  vii.  5.  p.  315. 

Vemerii;  ct  Lncr.  i.  30  sqq.  PR.  x.  Polyb.  ii.  U  sq.  App.  B.  III.  3. 10.  (SW.) 

313  0q.  R.  fLivy  xxvii,  30,  j.  ED,]  M«(<«r  mmrfi 

6.  A  periphrasis  for  ^  Juno.'  VS.  Mars  ^«^v^«^«vr  tx"^  x»y*imt  U  rUt  ^^•fwt^M- 
was  either  the  son  of  Jupiter  and  Juno,  r«»«^My2«vX«v,«8f  hm,^mi»vt  w^t^nyi^iwr 
or  of  Juno  alone :  and  this  goddess  was  Plut.  Mar.  0pp.  t.  i.  p.  431.  A.  GR. 
especially  worshipped  in  the .  sandy  Bardaiau  may  be  taken  absolutely,  as 
Samos;  (now  *  Sussam  Adassi,')  Virg.  in  Mart.  IV.  iv.  5.  PR.  or  with^Mikr, 
M.  \.  15  sq.  LU.  cf.  iii.  70,  note.  PR.  orwithca/cpf/«.  It  is  formed  from  ii&rwtei, 
Or.  F.  V.  229.  Apoll.  I.  iii.  1.  Phumut,  as  Achcucut  from  Acheei.  If  put  abso- 
N.  D.  31.  also  Her.  iii.  60.  Lact.  Inst,  lutely,  ntcullus  is  to  be  understood  : 
i.  17.  Paus.  vii.  4.  Ath.  xiv.  20.  xv.  4.  Martial  has  an  epigram  on  *■  Liburnian 
CaU.  Dian.  228.  R.  cowls ;'  XIV.  cxxxix.  SA.  This  <  cowl' 

7.  '  Common  to  every  man  in  the  was  made  of  goat's  hair,  and  was  worn 
army,  from  the  highest  to  the  lowest.' jlf.  by  the  judge  martial;  tna'retU  captivae 

8.  7V^afiaoppO0edtoaniia/t»;34.itf'.  pellito  judice  leges;  Claud.  Ruf.  ii. 
u  is jxtfoniwalso;  33.  Plin.  £p.  vii.  25.  85.  FE.  *•  The  Bardaic  shoe'  would  be 
x.  18.  Veget.  ii.  23.  exir.  and  in  the  one  of  goat's  skin,  properly  called  wlo; 
Jurists.  Under  the  emperors  the  bus-  Mart,  XIV.  140.  CAL.  In  any  case, 
bandmen  appear  to  have  been  exempt  the  sense  will  be  much  the  same :  *■  Your 
from  militajy  service,  that  agriculture  iudge  will  be  some  half-civilized  bar- 
might  not  he  neglected.  ERj  CI.  Cic.  barian,  who,  from  his  servile  and  out- 
On  the  origin  of  this  name,  cf.  Bionys.  landish  origin,  c:ui  have  no  sympathy 


with  freemen,  and  but  little  respect  for  on  yon  than  the  original  injury.'  R.  Or 

the  rights  of  a  Roman  citizen.'  HN.  mndicta  may  be  ^  the  redrMB  which  he 

ACH.  cf.  vii.  1 16  sq.  R,  gets:'  i.  e.  '*  The  remedy  is  wane  than 

Punire;  iii.  116,  note.  R.  the  disease."  M. 

14.  Calceut;  cf.  iii.  247  sq,  note.  M.  23.  Fa^e/Zmt  was  an  adTocste  of  If »- 
ih.  322.  PR,  calceut  et  auree  for  ccUccoUb  ttna^  VS,  the  modem  '  Modena;'  PR. 
sura,  and '  a  desperate  ass.'  57*^.  cf.  ziii.  119. 

Gratifies,  The  centurions  were  chosen  R,  His  foolhardiness  and  obstinacy  mmt 

for  their  height  and  strength.  BRI.  have  been  shown,  in  undertaking  erases 

The  tribunal  of  the  general  was  which  no  man  in  his  sober  senses  wmild 
near  his  own  tent;  *  the  benches'  of  the  have  advocated.  PR, 
tribunes  and  centurions  were  by  the  24.  '  It  would  be  as  well  to  reflect, 
standards,  which  were  placed  in  the  area  before  you  go  to  that  tribunal,  how  yon 
(called  jmnciuia)  in  the  centre  of  the  are  to  e£Fect  a  retreat.  Toa  now  luiTe 
camp.  GR.  AD.  The  magistrates'  bench  such  things  as  a  pair  of  shins  ;  and  you 
was  ^  large'  enough  to  accommodate  will  then  have  to  work  your  way  out 
persons  of  respectability,  besides  the  through'  X{7.  '*  a  oountless  host  of  hob- 
judges  themselves.  ER^  CI.  Cic.  nailed  shoes."  G. 

15.  Camilhts  made  this  law,  when  he  25.  '  Who  is  such  an  igncNramus  or 
was  dictator,  during  the  siege  of  Veil,  greenhorn  P  Who  has  seen  so  litde  of  the 
LU,  Liv.  V.  Plut,  PR,  world P'  LU.  or  «  Who  can  aflM  the 

17.  The  whole  of  this  is  ironical.  OW,  time  to  leave  Rome  and  go  down  to  tiie 

'*  O  nicely  do  Centurions  shift  the  cause,  campP'  JR.     It  may  be  the  excuse  of 

When   buff-and-belt   men   violate   the  some  friend  who  is  applied  to ;  38. 

laws !    And  ample  (if  with  reason  we  26.  '  So  faithful  as  to  put  his  life  in 

complain)  Is,  doubtless,  the  redress  our  jeopardy  for  your  sake,  which  Pylades 

injuries  gain  !"  G.  did  for  Orestes.'  LL  Eur.  I.  T.  PR.  and 

20.  Tanien  *  to  be  sure,'  *  by  way  of  Or. 

set-off  against  this  strict  impartiality  of  28.  Excuaahtrot:  cf.  Hor.  I  S.  iz. 

the  judge.'  38  sqq. 

21.  *■  Their  vengeance  for  your  prose-  29.  *  But  even  supposing  you  coold 
cution  of  their  comrade  will  be  matter  so  far  prevail  on  a  friend  as  to  go  with 
of  serious  concern,  and  will  fall  heavier  you  :  yet,  when  it  comes  to  the  point. 


n. 

i 


:3G6  TIIK  SATIRES 

Calceus  et  grandes  magna  ad  subsellia  sura*, 
15  Legibus  antiquis  castrorum  et  more  Camilli 

Servato,  miles  ne  vallum  litiget  extra 

£t  procul  a  signis.    Justissima  Centurionum  /    $ 

Cognitio  est  igitur  de  milite ;  nee  mihi  deerit 

Ultio,  si  justae  defertur  causa  querelas. 
20  Tota  cohors  tamen  est  inimica  omnesque  manipli 

Consensu  magno  efficiunt,  curabilis  ut  sit 

Vindicta  et  gravior,  quam  injuria.     Dignum  erit  eigo 

Declamatoris  mulino  corde  Vagelli, 

Quum  duo  crura  habeas,  offendere  tot  caligas,  tot 
25  Millia  clavorum.    Quis  tarn  procul  absit  ab  Urbe  ? 

Praeterea  quis  tam  Pylades,  molem  aggeris  ultra 

Ut  veniat  ?  Lacrumae  siccentur  protenus  et  se 

Excusaturos  non  sollicitemus  amicos. 

^<  Da  testem"  judex  quum  dixerit :  audeat  ille, 


I     :S. 


SAT.  xTi.  OF  JUVENAL.  367 

30  Nescio  quis,  pugnos  qui  vidit,  dicere  "  Vidi ;" 
Et  credam  dignum  barba  dignumque  capillis 
Majorum.     Citius  falsum  producere  testem 
Contra  paganum  possis,  quam  vera  loquentem 
Contra  fortunam  armati  contraque  pudorem. 

d5       Praemia  nunc  alia  atque  alia  emolumenta  notemus 
Sacramentorum.     Convallem  ruris  aviti 
Improbus  aut  campum  mihi  si  vicinus  ademit 
Et  sacrum  effodit  medio  de  limite  saxum, 

and  the  judge  calls  upon  yoo  to  produce  also  one  of  the  most  innocent :  for  the 

jour  eTidence,  is  there  a  man  breathing^  offerings)  which  were  usually  made  by 

who  would  haye  the  courage  and  the  the  rustics  in  procession,  consisted  of  the 

honesty  to  tell  the  dangerous  truth  P'  3f.  produce  of  the  soil,  flowers,  fruits,  un- 

30.  Vuli;  vii.  13.^.  guents,  and,  the  invariable  concomitants 

31.  This  is  a  descriotion  of^  a  Roman  of  every  sacrifice,  wine  and  the  salted 
of  the  old  schooL'  Vo,  iv.  103,  vi.  106,  cake.  The  fullest  account  of  it  is  in 
notes.  R.  Dionys.  H.   iuuf  n  yk^  iiytvfrm  nht 

34.  '  The  property  and  privileges  and  ri^fttfttf,  »«}  iutvetf  ahrtltt  irt  rSit  /jAf 

the  honour.'  12.  Xft^u^Qnt  •IViv'  $v  yk^  •g'ttn  mifAmrruf  r«vf 

36.  '  Military  oaths'  are  here  put  for  xittvc  ^xAuvt  %\  i^finir^tf,  $Ui  ixxmt 

*•  the  soldiers'  themselves.   By  this  oath  n^kt  xof^Sv  kwa^x'^r  ii.  9.     This  an- 

the  soldiers  swore  to  be  true  and  faithful  nual  visitation,  which  was  perpetnated, 

to  their  country,  to  the  emperor,  and  to  with  the  property  it  protected,  from  father 

their  general ;   and  not  to  quit  their  to  son,  seems  to  have  endeared  the  rite 

standards,  without  leave,  till  the  expira-  to  the  ancients ;  who  speak  of  it  with  a 

tion  of  their  service.  L  U.  M.  degree  of  tenderness  and  affection,  which 

'  A  valley  enclosed  on  all  sides  with  they  do  not  always  express  for  those  of  a 

hflls.'  M.  more  public  and  important  nature :  nam 

38.  In  the  infancy  of  agriculture,  veneroTy  seu  stipea  htxbet  deserfus  in  agrisy 
when  artificialboundaries,  hedges,  walls,  sen  vetiu  in  trivio  fl&rea  serta  l<xpis:  fyc, 
3cc.  were  unknown,  large  stones,  set  up  Tib.  I.  i.  11  sqq.  (HF.)  The  institution 
at  certain  distances,  separated  the  lands  is  attributed  to  Numa,  by  Plutarch :  the 
of  one  proprietor  from  those  of  another,  more  probable  fact  is,  that  this  prince 
As  these  were  easily  displaced,  it  became  brought  to  the  rude  and  barbarous  hordes, 
necressary  to  secure  them  by  extraordi-  whom,  happily  for  themselves,  he  was 
nary  precaution.  Dreadful  threats  were  called  to  govern,  the  rites  and  ceremonies 
accoraingly  denounced  against  such  as  of  a  more  refined  and  virtuous  people. 
removed  them,  in  the  old  world ;  and  His  denunciations  against  those  who  re- 
*'  Cursed  be  he  that  removeth  his  neigh-  moved  *•  the  sacred  landmark'  are  even 
boar's  landmark"  (Deut.  xxvii.  17.)  was  more  severe  than  those  of  the  Hebrew 
probably  found  in  the  religious  code  of  legislator :  Qui  terminum  ejcarasiiy  iptus 
every  nation.  When  men  fell  to  idol-  et  boveis  sacrei  sunto.  The  Fathers  are 
atry,  such  comminations  lost  their  terror,  much  offended  at  this  superstition,  which 
and  legislators  and  priests  were  driven  to  continued  to  a  late  period,  and  was  not 
other  expedients.  A  god  (Terminus)  given  up  without  a  struggle,  as  the  bus- 
was  created ;  and  these  mere-stones  were  bandman  persisted  in  connecting  the  idea 
converted  into  altars  to  his  name,  and  of  a  prosperous  year  with  the  due  ob- 
invested  with  a  sacred  character:  it  was  servance  of  his  rural  ceremonies.  Their 
consequently  an  act  of  sacrilege  to  stir  fulminations  at  length  prevailed  ;  and 
them  firom  their  places ;  and  thus  the  Prudentius,  who  witnessed  the  desecra- 
divisionsofland  were  in  a  great  measure  tion  of  these  landmarks,  observes  with 
maintained.  Of  the  innumerable  super-  some  degree  of  triumph  over  the  super- 
stitions of  ethnicism,  this  was  at  once  the  stitious  fears  of  the  rustics,  that  sunshine 
most  elegant  and  the  most  useful ;  it  was  and  rain  still  visited  the  earth,  which  had 


368 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  XVI. 


Quod  mea  cum  vetulo  coluit  puis  annua  libo ; 

40  Debitor  aut  sumtos  pergit  non  reddere  numos, 
Vana  supervacui  dicens  chirographa  ligni : 
Exspectandus  erit,  qui  lites  inchoet  annus 
Totius  populi :  sed  tunc  quoque  mille  ferenda 
Tsedia,  mille  morae ;  toties  subsellia  tantum 

45  Sternuntur,  jam  facundo  ponente  lacemas 
Csedicio  et  Fusco  jam  micturiente,  parati 
Digredimur  lentaque  fori  pugnamus  arena. 
Ast  illis,  quos  arma  tegunt  et  balteus  ambit, 
Quod  placitum  est  ipsis,  prsestatur  tempus  agendi 

50  Nee  res  adteritur  longo  sufflamine  litis. 
Soils  prseterea  testandi  militibus  jus 


yet  lost  nothing  of  its  priBtine  fertility  ! 
et  lapis  iiiic  si  sietit  antiquus^  mtem  cingere 
sueverat  error  fasciolis  vel  gatline  pulmone 
rigare,  frangitury  et  nidlis  violatur  ter- 
minus  extis;  nee  tamen  idcirco  minor  est 
autfrtwiys  agelliauttempestafis  cleinenfia 
letta  serenct,  temperat  atdpluviis  qui  culta 
novalia  ventus ;  c,  Sym.  1005.  But  in 
his  time^  and,  indeed,  long  before,  the 
simplicity  of  the  ancient  worship  had 
been  corrupted  :  spargitur  et  ccesa  com- 
munis terminus  agfia  ;  nee  queritur^  lac- 
tens  cum  sibi  porca  dcUur;  Ov.  F.  ii. 
640—684.  (H.  BU.)  The  blood  of 
lambs  and  kids  was  mingled  with  the 
primitive  fruits  and  ilowers ;  and,  as 
property  was  secured  by  other  means,  its 
abolition  was  no  less  desirable  than  ex- 
pedient. G.  LU,  PR,  M.  cf.  Festus  on 
Terminus,  Sic.  Fl.  de  Term.  Liv.  i.  65. 
Lact.  Inst.  i.  20.  Min.  F.  p.  15.  (OU,) 
R, 

41.  Cf.  xiii.  137.  SCH. 

42.  *  I  shall  have  to  wait  for  months 
and  months,  before  the  multitudinous 
suits  of  the  people  come  on,  and  mine 
among  the  rest.'  dum  comuntur^  dum 
omanhiTy  annus  est;  Ter.  Heaut.  II. 
ii.  1 1.  cf.  Suet,  Vesp.  10.  Plin.  Ep.  i.  18. 
vi.  33.  R.  Id,  iv.  16.  PR, 

45.  Siemuniur  may  here  signify  the 
spreading  of  the  judges'  benches  with 
cushions,  &c.  M,  No  business  is  done, 
because  there  is  not  a  quorum.  R. 

*•  Although  the  eloquent  Caedicius  has 
already  laid  aside  his  surtoutand  appears 
in  his  gown  to  plead ;  (Mart.  VIII. 
xxviii.  Plin.  Ep.  li.  3.  iv.  2.)  and  Fuscus 


has  now  taken  the  opportonity  of  stepping 
aside  for  a  few  minutes,  because  he  wifi 
soon  be  called  upon  to  speak  and  wiU 
not  then  be  able  to  leave  the  court.'  HK. 
cf.  ix.  28  sq.  Quint,  xi.  3.  lacemas  for 
lacemam  is  no  uncommon  enallage.  J2. 

46.  Cadicius  is  apparently  a  diiSerent 
person  from  the  one  mentioned  in  xiii. 
197.  R. 

Fuscus  (not  the  general,  iv.  112.)  hot 
Aurelius  Fuscus,  a  distinguished  advo- 
cate of  those  days,  who  was  both  fond  of 
the  bottle  himself  and  was  kept  in  coun- 
tenance by  his  lady.  xii.  45.  Plin.  £p. 
vii.  9.  Mart  VII.  xxviii.  LU,  R. 

C,  TitivSf  vir  tBtaiis  LucHknuB,  m  ora- 
tiotie  qua  legem  Fanniam  suasHy  deserAens 
homines  prodigos  in  forum  adjudiccmdiem 
ebrios  commeaniesj  sic  ait. ,» .^^  ad  oomt- 
tium  vadunt  ne  litem  fadani  tuam.  dum 
etmty  ntdla  est  in  angipofio  ampttora^ 
(Lucr.  iv.  1023.)  quam  non  impkant, 
quippe  qui  vesicam  plenam  vim  kaieani. 
ventunt  in  comitium  tristes:  Juheni 
dicere;  quorum  negotium  est,  ncarrant: 
Judex  testes  poscit;  ipsus  ii  mictum :  uki 
redity  ait  se  audisse  omnia :  tabulasposeit; 
literas  inspicit;  via  prot  mno  susOnet 
wdpebrasr  Macr.  iii.  16.  LU,  PR, 
The  same  cause  would  produce  die 
same  effect  in  the  advocate  as  in  the 
judge.  R. 

47.  A  metaphor  from  the  amphitheatre. 
LU,i\,Ui,M, 

50.  <<  Nor  are  their  wealth  and  pati- 
ence worn  away  By  the  slow  drag-chain 
of  the  law's  delay.^'  G,  viii.  148.  PR, 

5 1 .  Militthus  liberam  testandi faeOonem 


SAT.  XVI.  OF  JUVENAL.  369 

Vivo  patre  datur :  nam,  quae  sunt  parta  labore 
Militiae,  placuit  non  esse  in  corpore  census, 
Omne  tenet  cujus  regimen  pater.     Ergo  Coranum, 

55  Signorum  comitem  eastrorumque  aera  merentem, 

Quamvis  jam  tremulus,  captat  pater.    Hunc  labor  sequus 
Proyehit  et  pulcro  reddit  sua  dona  labori. 
Ipsius  certe  ducis  hoc  referre  videtur, 
Ut,  qui  fortis  erit,  sit  felicissimus  idem, 

60  Ut  laeti  phaleris  omnes  et  torquibus  omnes 


primms  fuktemD.  Julius  Ctesaramcettii;  tottering  on  the  verge  of  the  grave,  pay 

9ed  ea  amcesno  iemporaHs  erai  :  postea  servile  court  to  a  son,  in  the  nill  vigour 

veroD.  TUut  dedU:  poHhocDcmitianui:  of  life,  in  hopes  to  be  named  his  heir ! 

jfottea  D,  Nerva  plenusimam  mdulgeft'  G.   At  the  same  time  we  must  recollect 

iiam  in  militetcmUulii:  eamaue  et  Trqfa-  that  this  son  was  in  the  army,  and  con- 

Hua  stcuhu  ul;  Ulp.  23.  %.  10.  exmde  sequently  that  his  life  was  of  a  very 

mamdaiiM  vueri  ec/pii  caput  tale;  cum  in  precarious  tenure.     It  was  customary 

moiitiam  mieam  pervenerii. .  .thnplicitaii  for  a  soldier,  when  going  into  battle, 

eorum  eontuleuaum  ejntHmam,  ut  fuo^to  to  name  an   heir  in   the  presence  of 

mutdo  tettaii  fuinad^  raia  eitet  eorum  three  or  four  witnesses,  and  if  he  fell,  the 

vehmiag,  faciaitt  igitur  tettamenta  quO'  law  recognized  this  verbal  declaration 

mtdo  voleutf  fackuU  quomodo  potcrin  ;  as  a  valid  will.  A. 

9u0SciaifmeaaboHorumtuarumiHvisionefH  57.    To  say  kUfor  reddit   tua  dona 

fociendaam  nuda  tjohmioi  teMtatorig;  ib.  labori  is  surely  a  very  awkward  ex- 

PR,   This  privilege,  however,  only  ap-  pression    and    not    very    intelligible : 

pilled  to  the  savings  of  their  pay,  and  and,  from  what  follows,  the  promotion 

their  other  military  earnings ;  peculium  is  to  be  attributed  to  the  discernment 

caatretue,  F5.  M.    The  object  of  this  of   the   general.    Labor   is  probably 

enactment  was  obviously  to  conciliate  owing  to  the  eye  of  the  copyist  catehing 

the  soldiery,  the  attachment  of  whom  the  last  word  in  this  next  line :    the 

was  now  become  of  importance  to  the  word  has  also  occurred  just  before,  v, 

ambitions  chiefii  who  contended  for  the  62.   Bead  therefore  favor,  R,  HG. 

empire.    By  the  old  constitution  of  the  68.  Cf.  x.  141  sq.  3f. 

republic,  the  power  of  a  &ther  over  a  son  60.  Romani  auxiliares  et  extemot  tor- 

was  unbounded ;  it  extended  both  to  his  quibua  aurei*  donavere,  at  civea  nonnisi 

property  and  to  his  person,  and  termi-  argenteU;    Plin.  xxxiii.  2.    It  is  re- 

nmted  only  with  the  death  of  one  of  the  corded,  lAtcium  Sicinium  Dentatutn,  ob 

parties.  We  do  not  find  many  instances  exifniam  virtutem  appeiiatum  AchiUem 

of  the  abuse  of  this  power.    Natural  af-  Romanum,  pugnaste  in  hoftcs  centum  et 

Section  is  an  excellent  corrective  to  the  vigiiUi  prwliit:  cicatricem  aversam  nul- 

aiiomaliefl  of  tyranny.  GR,  lam,  adversat  quinque  et  quadraginta 

63l  '  Incorporated  with  the  private  fu/itse:  coronis  esse  doncUian  aureit  octOy 

fortune.'  Jf.  obsidionali  una,  muralibus  tribus,  civicis 

64.  Conuius,  in  all  probability,  was  a  qtuUuortlecim;   torquibus  tribus  et  octO' 

soldier  of  fortune  weu  known  at  that  ginta:  armiilis plus  centum  et  sexaginta; 

time;  LU.  not  the  wealthy  individual  Aastis  duodevigiidi,  phaleris  item  dona- 

whom  Horace  mentions;  II  S.  v.  67.  turn  quinquies  viciesque :  poptdi  militaria 

64.  PR.  dona  halmsse  muU{juga,  in  his  provoca- 

56.  The  arts  of  common  fortune-bun-  toria  pleraoue:  denique  tritnnphasse  cum 

tera  have  been  already  satirized:   xii.  imperatorious    suis    triumphos    nouejn; 

93   sqq.   R,    but  there   is    something  Gell.  ii.  11.  PR*  cf.  xi.  103.   Sil.  xv. 

ludicrous,  amid  the  disgusting  picture  of  254  sqq.  Xi,  Mil.  Rom.  v.  17.  R. 
avaricious  depravity,  in  making  a  father, 


THE  SIX  SATIRES 


OF 


AULUS  PERSIUS  FLACCUS. 


PROLOGUE  TO  THE  SATIRES. 


ARGUMENT. 

In  this  little  poeniy  though  irrelerant  to  the  main  objects  of  the  work  to 
which  it  lenres  as  an  introduction,  there  is  much  pleasantry  and  spirit. 
Persius  howerer  had  little  notion  of  what  we  call  keeping*:  and  the 
tillage  hardy  6.  diffident  of  his  own  talents,  and  driven  by  necessity 
•lone  to  the  exercise  of  them,  8  sqq.  is  no  sooner  fairly  embarked,  than 
he  launches  out  into  a  critical  examination  of  the  literary  pretensions  of 
his  contemporaries,  S.  i.  and  assumes  a  decisive  tone  upon  all  the  subtle 
disquisitions  of  the  schools.  S.  iii.  and  v.  O. 

Tlie  practice  of  prefixing  to  a  poem,  or  collection  of  poems,  shorter  pieces 
in  a  different  metre  became  more  common  afterwards,  with  Claudian  in 
particular.  K,  In  our  own  times  we  have  very  felicitous  instances  of 
it  in  Sir  Walter  Scott's  Lay  of  the  Last  Minstrel. 

*  Among  the  liberties,  which  the  Old  Comedy  allowed  itself,  one  was  the  Utile 
fegard  it  paid  to  ooasistency  of  character.  TFIE. 


374 


PROLOGUE  TO  THE  SATIRES 


Nec  fonte  labra  prolui  caballino 
Nee  in  bicipiti  somniasse  Parnasso 
Meminiy  ut  repente  sic  poeta  prodirem. 
Heliconidasque  pallidamque  Pirenen 
5  Illis  remitto,  quorum  imagines  lambunt 


1.  ^  The  hacknej  spring  :'  a  sarcastic 
version  of  i«v«»^mi,  CAS,  T,  though  not 
necessarily  so  ;  cf.  Juv.  x.  6.  Aus.  £]p. 
iv.  8.  (it  is  most  prohahle  that  in  this 
elegant  little  piece  of  irony,  a  constant 
allusion  is  maintained  to  the  trite  follies 
of  our  poet's  immediate  contemporaries. 
G.) humor  Belleropfumtei equi'y  Prop.  III. 
ii.  2.  Jl.  Respecting  this  spring,  see 
Ov.  F.  iii.  460  sqq.  M.  v.  256|,-268.  Stat, 
Th.vi.338.  Arat.  Ph.  206  sjq.  Plin.  iv. 
7.  It  was  in  Mount  Helicon,  v.  4.  and 
sacred  to  Apollo  and  ^e  Muses.  LU, 
Those  who  dranlc  of  it  were  fabled  to 
become  poets  forthwith.  PR.  cf.  Virg. 
M,  vii.  641.  X.  163.  3f.  The  first  trace 
of  this  notion  appears  to  be  in  Mosch. 
Id.  iii.  77  sq.  Propertius  has  refined 
upon  the  idea ;  II.  viii.  19  sqq.  cf.  Hor. 
I  Ep.  iii.  10.  Stat.  S.  I.  ii.  6.  II.  vii. 
12.  V.  V.  2.  I.  iv.  26.  BRUy  An.  t.  ii. 
p.  344.  t.  i.  p.  218.  K. 

Proluere  labra  is  *  to  dip  the  lips,*  PR. 
ad  cattle  do  when  they  drink,  cf.  Prop. 
III.  ii.  62.  Stat.  S.  V.  iii.  122.  It  is 
sometimes  said  of  those  who  drink  deep  : 
Virg.  iE.  i.  738.  Cop.  29.  Hor.  I  Sat.  v. 
16.  This  the  poetasters  of  our  author's 
day  pretended  to  have  done  at  the  in- 
spiring fount.  Mart  VIII,  Ixx.  3.  Stat 
S.  II.  vii.  12.  Hence  the  Muses  are 
called  madidce  mtcUa  ab  Hippocrene ; 
Sidon.  ix.  286.  aT.  cf.  Ov.  Am.  I.  xv. 
36  80. 

Sidonius  has  imitated  this  passage  : 
nan  hie  ego  commentitiam  Terpsichoren 
miore  studii  veteris  adacivi :  necjturfa  sea- 
turigmem  fontis  Aganippici  per  roscidas 
ripas  et  pumices  tnvscidos  sty/urn  (rcuri  : 
Sfc,  Ep.  viii.  ult.  (9  sqq.)  PR. 

2.  Parnassus  had  two  peaks,  Tiihorea 
and  Hyampeum  ;  (or  NaujUia  and  Uy- 
ampea  j  ct.  Her.  viii.  32,  note  19.)  FA. 
cf.  vi.  10  sq,  note.  PR.  Ov.  M.  i. 
316  sqq.  Luc.  v.  71  sqq.  Sen.  (Ed.  227. 
-fC. 

Those  who  slept  in  a  consecrated  spot 
were  supposed  to  receive  aid  from  the 
presiding  divinity :  Virg.  &,  vii.  86  sqq. 


Ov.  Her.  xv.  167  sqq.  Arist  PI.  411. 
679  sqq.  K. 

3.  As  if  he  could  have  forgotten  such 
an  event !  K, 

22.  ir.  To  come  forth  as  Phcebus  from  the 
ocean  ;  CAS.  or  a  chick  firom  the  shell ; 
or  a  pitcher  from  the  potter's  hands :  cur» 
rente  roia  vrceus  exit ;  Hor.  A.  P.  SS. 

4.  The  Muses  are  called  '  nymphs  of 
Helicon,'  firom  a  mountain  of  Bosotia  oo 
the  confines  of  Phocis.  LU.  CAS. 

Pirene  was  a  fountain  in  Acrocorin- 
thus,  tiie  citadel  of  Corinth,  and  was 
likewise  sacred  to  the  Muses.  LU.  CAS. 
Diod.  iv.  74.  Eaus.  Cor.  ii.  3.  Strab.  p. 
682.  Pind.  01.  xiii.  84  sqq.  Or.  Pont  I. 
iii.  76.  Stat  S.  I.  iv.  16.  dl^M*  Stm^  ITif 
^mr  Eur.  M.  69.  cf.  Tr.  307.  It  was 
here  that  Pegasus  was  caught  by  Belle- 
rophon,  and  hence  that  he  is  called  ZIm- 
^ii9«r«f  r»X«f  *  Eur.  EL  476.  vaham  em- 
scius  amnisy  Gorgoneopercustus  efm; 
Stat  Th.  iv.  60  sqq.  £. 
The  epithet  ^  pale'  refers  most  probably 
to  the  wan  hue,  by  which  ^e  votaries 
of  the  Muses  were  disdnguiahed.  LU, 
CAS.  V.  62.  PR.  i.  124.  M. 

6.  *  To  Hesiod,  Ennius,  and  the  an- 
cient poets.'  LU.  The  following  imita- 
tion, which  is  taken  from  Hall's  open- 
ing poem,  has  great  beauty :  ^'  Trumpets, 
and  reeds,  and  socks,  an^  buakina  fine, 
I  them  bequeath  ;  whose  statues,  wan- 
dring  twine  Of  ivv,  mixt  with  bayes, 
circlen  around,  Their  living  temples 
likewise  laurel-bound."  G. 

Under  the  emperors,  the  busts  of  emi- 
nent poets  or  literary  men,  crowned  with 
bay  or  ivy,  were  used  to  ornament  public 
or  private  libraries.  Hor.  I  S.  iv.  21  sqq. 
Sen.  de  Tr.  An.  9.  Plin.  xxxv.  3.  Suet. 
Tib.  70.  Juv.  vii.  29.  Plin.  Ep.  iv.  18. 
X.  26.  K.  Sometimes  their  ch^ets 
were  of  oak,  or  of  parsley.  LU. 

The  ivy  twines  like  a  serpent,  and 
seems  to  lick  with  a  forky  tongue  the 
objects  round  which  it  clings.  LU, 
Virg.  /En.  ii.  684.  K. 


OF  PERSIUS.  375 


Hederae  sequaces :  ipse  semipaganus 
Ad  sacra  vatum  carmen  affero  nostrum. 
Quis  expedivit  psittaco  suum  XAIPE, 
Picasque  docuit  nostra  verba  conari  ? 
10  Magister  artis  ingenique  largitor 
Venter,  negatas  artifex  sequi  voces. 
Quod  si  doloei  spes  refulserit  nummi. 


6.  Medodifrum hederaeprtBrniafrtm"  are  at  present  nnsuccessful.  hoiprunum 

Hum  Dis  muceni  naeru;  Hor.  I  Od.  i.  audiet  puevy  haruni  verba  ejlngere  imi- 

39  sq.  LU.  Proper^  '  the  \rj*  was  sa-  tando  conabitur;  Quint.  I.  i.  K, 

cred  to  Bacchus,  in  whwe  train  the  10. 'Hunger  does  wonders;  and  mer- 

Mnses  are  dten  found.    Aristoph.  N.  cenary  motives  are  quite  as  inspiring,  as 

608.  R.  1343.     Prop.  IV.  vii.  75  sqq.  drinking  the  waters  at  Helicon,  or  bivou- 

Orph.  Arg.  7  sqq.  K,  Her.  viii.  82,  acquing  for  the  night  on  Parnassus.'  K. 

DOte  19.  **  Necessity  is  the  mother  of  invention." 

Itj  clings  and  climbs,  and  may  be  Patipertcu  nnpulU  awlojc,  tii  vertutface* 

said  '  to  foUow'  the  form  of  that  abont  rem;  Hor.  II  £p.  ii.  52  sq,  FA,  Agree- 

which  it  spreads.  Plin.  Pan.  4.  V.  Flac.  ablv  to  the  proverbs :  nmlta  docet  fames: 

i.  134.  ef.  Petron.  83.  K.  and  wXXm  i  ktfiit  yiynrtu  ItU^ttrnX^r 

'  Half  a  clown.'  M.Pageuiuaiixxdi  Mites  PR,  Juv.  iii.  78.  K,  Jonson  alludes  to 

are  imposed  to  each  other.  CAS,  Juv.  this  and  a  subsequent  passage,  in  The 

XIV.  164.  xvi.  S3.  PR,  Plin.  £p.  x.  18.  Poetaster  :     ^<  They    would    think   it 

Veg.  ii.  33.  K,  strange,  now  A  man  .should  take  but 

7.  '  I  add  my  uninitiated  verse  to  the  colt*s-foot  for  one  day,  And  between 
injured  prodnctioDs  of  the  bards.'  sacri  whiles,  spit  out  a  bettiT  poem  Than  e'er 
ra ies  ei  divdm  euro  vocamur;  Ov.  Am.  the  master  of  arts,  or  giver  of  wit,  Their 
Ill.ix.  17.  The  works  of  eminent  poets  Belly,  made. — Yet,  this  is  possible!" 
trere  deposited  in  the  library  consecrated  BW,  Compare  Arist.  PI.  4G7 — 594. 
to  the  ralatine  Apollo :  Hor.  I  £p.  iii.  Under  the  name  of  ^  Genius'  may  be 
17.  LU.  Suet.  Aug.  29.  PR,  Dio  included  the  intellectual  virtues  in  ge- 
liii.  jw.  Or.  Tr.  III.  i.  59  sqq.  Hor.  I  neral.  Cic.  de  Fin.  v.  CAS,  It  applies 
S.  X.  38.  II  Ep.  ii.  93.  (BY.)  Calp.  Sic.  to  poetical  talent  in  particular:  Ov.  A. 
157  sqq.  LM,  JBut  without  reference  to  A.  iii.  57.  R, 

tliis  net.  poetry  may  be  called  sacred  :  11.   ^  Cunning  to  follow.'  LU,     A. 

Prop.  in.  i.  1.  Ov.  Pont.  ii.  x.  17  sqq.  Grccism :  '  an  expert  artist  in  teaching 

III.  iv.  65  sqq.  IV.  viii.  81  s^q.  K,  them  to  express.'  K, 

8.  This  is  by  wav  of  anticipation  to  *  Denied  by  nature.'  SCH, 

the  oljection  ;    'How  can  one  write  12. 'Money' is  called 'deceitfiil,' from 

without  divine  inspiration  ?'   He  is  here  the  many  wiles  and  frauds  which  it  leads 

attacking  others,  as  it  were,  in  his  own  men  to  practise :  quid  turn  mortalia  pec* 

wnon ;  for  Persins  himself  was  a  Roman  tora  cogisy  attri  sacra  fames !  Virg.  JE, 

Knight,  and  died  yonng  and  rich,  leaving  iii.  5G  sq.  X 17.  or  from  \tn  decoying  men 

hip  preceptor  a  very  handsome  fortune,  into  undertakings  for  which  they  are 

LU.  disqualified.  K, 

'  Who  is  it  that  has  removed  all  im-  '  Shall  have  shone  forth  suddenly  and 

pediments  in  the  parrot's  speech?'  LU,  unexpectedly.'      Previously,    however 

'  Who  has  made  it  so  ready  with  its  sa-  they  might  have  wished  for  money, 

Intation  ?'  M.  humana  solers  imitator ,  they  could  not  have  hoped  for  it.  CAS, 

ptiftacey  linguee;  Stat.  II  S.  iv.  16  sqq.  The  metaphor  is  taken  either  from  the 

Apul.ii.Plin.x.42sqq.XL^.Mart.XIV.  gleaming  of  gold  and  silver;  Virg.  M, 

Ixxiii.  Ixxvi.  M.  Petron.  2S.  Ov.  Am.  vi.  204.  V.  Paterc.  ii.  103.  or  from  the 

II.  vi.  37  sqq.  K,  appearance  of  a  propitious  star;  Hor. 

9.  'To  attempt' applies  to cflbrts  which  1  Od.  xii.  27  sqq.  K. 


876 


PROLOGUE,  &c 


Corvos  poetas  et  poetrias  picas 
Cantare  credas  Pegaseium  nectar. 


13.  *  Ravens  turning  poete,  and  mag- 
pies becoming  poetesses.'  LJJ. 

14.  *  Pegaseian,'  see  note  on  1. '  Such 
as  would  be  composed  by  one  who  had 
drunk  of  Hippocrene ;'  PR,  or  *  As 
sweet  as  the  vaunted  streams  of  that 
fountain.'  R. 

*  Nectar  ;*  cf.  B.  on  Calp.  Sic.  iv. 
151.  Poets  called  their  own  lajs 
*  nectar  :'  Find.  01.  vii.  13  sqq.  Theocr. 
Id.  vii.  82.  See  Horn.  II.  A  349.   41^ 


i/tfi^  *BXmmiUs  ImKk'  Nest  Lar.  £p. 
i.  An.  Br.  t  iL  p.  344.  Or.  Pont.  III. 
iv.  65.  Martial  perhaps  was  imitating 
this  passage,  where  he  says,  pa§i  ho$ 
kotum/Horjoniigenantm  vhrgmum  ehonu 
Peg  a  sea  e  vocU  nectare  difffuehai;  ix. 
VO,  9tmrd^uu  XsfimiH  U^y^t^  a^i^m' 
Honest.  £p.  3.  in.  Br.  An.  t.  iL  p.  389. 
K.  On  the  mixtore  of  metn^hors  see 
note  on  paUeniet;  v.  15.  [Livy  zxvii, 
20,  7.  JED.] 


SATIRE    I. 


ARGUMENT. 

Tlw  Poet  eommenoety  as  if  he  intended  a  tritical  moral  essay:  1.  and, 
wlien  discouraged  by  a  friend  from  bis  design  of  assuming  the  censor, 
2  tqq.  he  proceeds,  in  bold  defiance  of  public  opinion,  to  a  spirited  ez- 
poeure  of  the  wretched  taste  of  the  times.  4  sqq. 

He  repeatedly  disclaims  all  intention  of  writing  for  popularity  or  effect^ 
4  aqq.  26  sq.  44  sqq.  and  expresses  supreme  contempt  of  that  mania  for 
public  recitation^  which  had  already  excited  the  ridicule  of  Horace,  and 
whichf  not  long  after  this,  proroked  the  spleen  of  Juvenal.  14  sq.  An 
amiising  picture  is  drawn  of  one  of  those  hoary  versifiers,  who  pander 
to  the  passions  of  their  auditory  by  grossly  luscious  strains.  13  sqq. 
Alter  which  we  are  introduced  to  a  younger  set,  whose  sickly  appetite 
cloys  itself  with  the  mawkish  sweets  of  softly  sentimental  lays.  30  sqq. 

The  cause  of  this  depravation  of  tabte  is  ingeniously  traced  to  the  pedantic 
nature  of  the  schools,  69 — 82.  fostered  by  the  interested  and  ignorant 
admiration  of  sycophants  and  dependents ;  48—56.  63 — 68.  men,  who 
are  the  very  first  to  ridicule  their  dupe  behind  his  back.  56 — 62. 

Tlie  Satirist  then  makes  a  digression  to  the  bar,  of  which  the  language  was 
grossly  vitiated  by  a  meretricious  glare  of  elocution,  and  an  affected 
display  of  rhetorical  subtleties  :  83 — 91.  returning  to  the  poets,  he 
parodies  and  ridicules  the  favourites  of  fashion ;  92 — 106.  this  excites  the 
alarm  of  his  friend,  and  draws  forth  some  cautious  advice,  107 — 1 10. 
wfaidi,  as  generally  happens,  only  serves  to  render  the  writer  more 
daring,  and  to  give  a  spirited  conclusion  to  the  Satire.  Ill — 134. 

To  the  contemporaries  of  Persius,  this  must  have  been  a  very  amusing 
performance;  but  to  us,  who  are  ignorant  of  the  true  nature  of  his 
parodiei,  and  who  cannot,  in  a  single  instance,  appropriate  them  with 
certainty,  it  has  lost  much  of  its  pleasantry.  Enough,  however,  remains 
to  give  a  most  favourable  impression  of  the  youthful  critic's  humour  and 
good  senae.  O,  K, 


3c 


378 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  I. 


O  CURAS  hominum !  o  quantum  est  in  rebus  inane  I 
«  Quis  leget  heec  ?"     Min  tu  istud  ais  ?    Nemo  hercule. 

«  Nemo  ?" 
Vel  duo,  vel  nemo.     "  Turpe  et  miserabile."    Quare? 
Ne  mihi  Polydamas  et  Troiades  Labeonem 
5  Praetulerint?    Nugse !    Non,  si  quid  turbida  Roma 
Elevet,  accedas  examenque  improbum  in  ilia 
Castiges  trutina,  nee  te  qusesiyeris  extra. 


1.  Ecclesiastes  i.  2 — 14.  3f. 
*Or«y  r«  xtfif !   VS, 

2.  This  Terse  is  from  Lucillus.  VS, 
The  words  of  some  critical  friend,  who, 
aware  that  Persius  has  serious  intentions 
of  publishing  a  satire,  throws  cold  water 
upon  his  design.  K, 

Among  the  Romans  it  was  usual  for 
men  to  swear  by  Hercules  and  women 
by  Castor.  Gell.  xi.  6.  cf.  Juv.  ii.  98. 
PR. 

3.  *  But  two  or  three,  if  any.*  *  It 
will  be  a  disgrace,  and  a  Uiousand 
piries!'  CAS. 

*  Why  so  ?  I  do  not  write  ad  cap' 
iandum  vttlgiu:  K,  therefore  your  pity 
is  quite  thrown  away.' 

4.  ^  Shall  I  fear  K.  sinking  below 
Labeo  in  the  estimation  of  the  prince  and 
the  people:  as  Hector  feared  lest  Poly- 
damas and  the  Trojans  should  think  dis- 
paragingly  of  him  P'     n»ukuidfMit  ft»t 

as  Kut  T^t/cti»t  iX*tftTi9'X$»t'  Hom. 
11.  X.  100.  105.  This  appears  to  have 
become  in  a  manner  proverbial,  cf. 
Cic.  to  Att.  ii.  6.  vii.  1.  PR.  Poly- 
damas was  the  son  of  Antenor.  Under 
this  name  Nero  is  perhaps  designated : 
LU.  a.s  he  affected  to  be  greatly  in- 
terested in  all  that  concerned  Troy. 
PR.  By  the  words  *  Trojan  dames' 
the  satirist  lashes,  at  once,  the  vanity 
of  his  countrymen  in  tracing  their 
origin  to  the  Trojans,  and  their  de- 
generate effeminacy.  FA.  CAS.  Juv. 
i.  100.  A'. 

Acciiu  Labeo  was  a  poet  who  wasted 
his  time  in  translating  the  Iliad  and 
<  )dygsey  into  Latin,  word  for  word.  The 
follow  in '4  may  ser^'e  as  a  sample  of  his 
version  :  ( rudum  mandttces  Priamum 
Priamique  pisbmos.  VS.  See  60.  K. 

f).  Turlida  ^  too  busy  to  attend  to  such 
matters:'  Virg.  M. ix.67.  Lncian Nigr. 


K. '  The  muddy  citizeiis/  If.  an  equi- 
voque. 

6.  <  Make  Uffht  or  F^. 

'  Tou  should  not  join  them  in  to 
doing.'  FA. 

Larue  <  the  scale,'  libm  '  the  beam/ 
examen  *  the  tongue,'  trutina  *•  the  cavi^ 
in  which  it  plays.'  HO.  This  is  one  of 
those  technical  illustrations,  in  which  the 
Stoics  so  much  delighted:  and  means 
either  (1)  to  correct  the  errors  of  an 
apothecary's  or  goldsmith's  balance  by  a 
common  pair  of  scales,  such  as  are  used 
in  weighing  bulky  commodities.  Cicero, 
in  speaking  of  subjects  smted  to  popnlar 
and  philosphical  discussion,  uses  a  simi- 
lar metaphor :  hoc  nostra  oraih  mmUitm^ 
dini  est  accommodanda^  ad  nblectamkm 
animosj  ad  impellendoty  ad  ea  probamhy 
qua  non  auri/icis  staterOytedfrnadam 
populari  trutina  examinantmr :  Or. 
ii.  G.  or,  (2)  Supposing  a  balance  to  be 
perfect  in  all  other  respects,  its  tongue, 
if  it  be  not  at  right  angles  to  the  beam, 
will  not  tally  (when  ue  scales  are  in 
equilibrium)  with  the  cheeks  of  the  obkmg 
aperture  through  which  it  osciUates.  In 
such  a  case,  restore  the  tongue  to  its  per- 
pendicular, and  all  will  be  right.  Bat 
when  (in  addition  to  this  fault  in  the 
tongue)  the  balance  itself  is  inaccurate, 
it  is  of  no  use  whatever  to  set  the  tonffue 
straight,  the  scales  will  still  be  fuse. 
Ejpamen  is  used  for  the  tongue  of  the 
apothecary's  balance  (or  staiera)  in  v. 
100  sq.  see  note. 

7.  *  Judge  for  yourself:'  PR.  ywSit 
^murir  atgue  aliis  de  tejWtam.  tm  tibi, 
credere  noli;  Hor.  LU.  Those  who  are 
ambitious  of  praise  or  popularity  are 
but  too  apt  too  regulate  tneir  actions  by 
the  caprices  of  those  whom  they  study 
to  please,  rather  than  br  the  criterion 
of  right  and  wrong.  CAS»  eL  Jut.  xi* 
27,  note.  .f:«ch.  P.  V.  817.  {BQ.) 


ipC 


SAT.  I.  OF  PERSIUS.  379 

Nam  Romae  quis  non  ?    Ah,  si  fas  dicere  !  sed  fas 

Tunc  quum  ad  canitiem  et  nostrum  istud  vivere  triste  ^\  -EL  *  ^ 

10  Adspexi  ac  nucibus  facimus  qusecumque  relictis,  ISj^'  ^ ' 

Quum  sapimus  patruos ;    tunc,  tunc  ignoscite.     <<  Nolo." 
Quid  faciamr     Sed  sum  petulant!  splene  cachinno. 

Scribimus  inclusi,  numeros  ille,  hie  pede  liber, 
Grande  aliquid,  quod  pulmo  animss  praelargus  anhelet. 

15  Scilicet  haec  populo  pexusque  togaque  recenti 

8.  '  Who  judges  fairly  and  without  13.  Scribimus  indodi  lioctique 
^Ttjpaidiiee?*  Aheaieremjquodaimiqfuot  poenuUa  ptuthn;  Hor.  II  £p.  i. 
genuM  hoc  mmime  Juvat,  uipoie  plures    117.  M. 

cm^pari  tUgnos;  Hor.  I  S.  iv.  23  sqq.  K.  '  Shnt  up'  in  our  studies  :   carmina 

But  cf.  V,  121.  iecestWH  scribeniis  et  oiia  auarunt ;  Ov. 

9.  Here  Penius  endeavours  to  mis-  Tr.  I.  i.  41.  XCT.  Cic.  de  Or.  iii.  5.  Plin. 
lead  enquirers  as  to  the  real  author  of  £p.  t.  5.  K» 

die  Satire,  by  assuming  the  character  14*  Petronius  censured,  in  those  who 

of  a  man  adyanced  in  years.  G.  K.  .  affected  to  he  eloquent,  rerum  tutnorem 

That  the  writing  of  Persius  were  po-  et  setiteniiarum  vanissimum  gtrepitum  ; 

polar  and  soon  considered  as  standard  I.  LU,  eublimes  versus  ructatur;  Hor. 

woiks  is  evident  from  the  fact  of  Quinti-  A.  P.  457.    Arist.  R.  860  sqq.   fnftMrm 

lian  quoting  this  passage  as  an  example  hutfiifn  yX^ra  »aT*ktirT0X»ywu  wXtv- 

aiparthtm  tmUaiio:  utinsatira  ^^  nostrum  fiitttf  itiXtn  wiff  ih.  861  sqq.  sutU  tpd 

itiml  vivere  trisUy*  cum  infinitivo  verlo  crebro  anhelUu  et  inirorsum  etiam  dare 

mi  mms proi^fpeUaiiimey  nostram  enim  sonante  imitentur  jumetUa  onere  etjugo 

viiam  ruU  hUeliigi,  Q.  vi.  38.  laborantia;  pwd  affectant  guoque,  tam^ 

10.  '  Nuts.'  ci.  Cat.  xiv.  183  sqq.  quam  invenitonis  copia  urgeaniur  majw' 
Phsdr.  IIL  xiT.  Mart.  V.  Ixxxvi.  1.  que  vis  eloqueniia  ingrttat^  quam  qua 
Petr.  81.  f.  JuT.T.  144,note.  faucibus  emitti  possit ;  Quint.  Inst.  xi. 

11.  Pairtms  censor;  Cic.  CaL  F5.  3.  K,  CAS,  cf.  Jut.  vii.  Ill,  note. 

me  sis  patnais  mUu;   Hor.  II  S.  iii.  15.  *  To  the  people' equally  deficient 

88.  FA,  ift..iL  97.  Ill  Od.  xii.  3.  BX.  in  taste  and  in  common  sense.  LU,  For 

patrmu  was  a  term,  which  conveyed  an  account  of  these  rehearsals,  see  Juv. 

smideaofhanhness,  probably  from  *■  the  i.  1.  iii.  9.  vii.  38  sqq.  Mart.  III.  xliv. 

Miemal  uncle'  being  the  natural  ^ar-  IV.  vi.  X.  Ixx.  Hor.  I  S.  iii.  88  sqq.  iv. 

dian  of  orphans ;  who  would  expenence  74  sqq.  cf.  also  Ov.  Tr.  III.  xiv.  39. 

leas  tenderness  fr^m  him,  than  from  a  Pont.  I.  v.  57.  IV.  ii.  33.  Plin.  £p.  i. 

fiUher.  If.  The  uncle  by  the  mother's  13.  ii.  14.  19.  vii.  17.  viii.  12.  21.  ix. 

aide,  having  nothing  to  do  with  the  ma-  27.  Cic.  Att.  xii.  4.  xv.  3.  PR,  K, 

nagement  of  the  children,  would  treat  The  declaimer  seems  by  his  dress  to 

them  with  more  indulgence,  or,  at  any  anticipate  a  triumph.  Both  on  public  and 

rate,  wcmldnotbe  called  upon  to  exercise  on  private  solemnities  it  was  customary 

any  severi^  towards  them ;  hence  <wun'  to  put  on  a  gown  fresh  from  the  fuller's 

emms  (the  diminutive  of  avus,  t.  e.  earns  hands :  cf.  Mart  II.  Iviii.  CAS,  scilicet 

natu  mmor)  would  be  a  term  of  en-  exspectassolitumttbi  maris  honorem, pen' 

dearment.  deat  ex  humeris  vestis  ut  cUba  meis;  Ov. 

IS.  Physiologists  attributed  daughter'  Tr.  III.  xiii.  13  sq.  Jlf.     The  most  so- 

to  '  the  spleen,'  Arist.  Th.  3.  anger  to  lemn  festival  a  Roman  knew,  was  that 

the  gall,  Juv.  v.  159.  love  to  the  liver,  of  his  birth  :  on  the  anniversary  of  that 

Theoc.  xL  6.  xiii.  71.  Claud,  viii.  241  day  they  dressed  themselves  in  all  the 

•qq.  wisdom  to  the  heart,  pride  to  the  magnificence  which  their  circumstances 

limgSj  lust  to  the  loins  :  v.  20.  VS,  K.  allowed,  and,  after  the  customary  sacri- 

*'  ^leen,  too  petulant  to  be  controll'd."  fices,  sat  at  home,  in  state,  to  receive 

O,    '  It  is  my  nature.'  CAS.  their  friends,  none  of  whom  came  witb- 

CtocMifio(eaeA«fuiom«)' a  great  laugh-  out  a  nresent  in  their  hands.  (Juv.  xi. 

er :'    VS,u€.^  satirioaL'  G.  84.  ilf.  ix.  63,  note.)  The  indignation  of 


380  THE  SATIRES  sat.  i. 

Et  natalitia  tandem  cum  sardonyche  albos 
Sede  legens  celsa,  liquido  quum  plasmate  guttur 
Molle  colluerit,  patranti  fractus  ocello. 
Hie  neque  more  probo  videas  nee  voce  serena 
20  Ingentes  trepidare  Utos,  quum  carmina  lumbum 
Intrant  et  tremulp  scalpuntur  ubi  intima  versu. 
'    I^caA^I      Tun,  vetule,  auriculis  alienis  coUigis  escas? 

^       Auriculisy  quibus  et  dicas  cute  perditus,  ohe  I 

Persius  is  excited  by  this  egregionB  cox-  for  BhamnenMe^;  Hor.  A»  P.  342.  Or. 

comb's  putting  on  ul  the  splendour  of  a  F.  iii.  132.  JJ.  \BiketiM  for  Hkemauet; 

high  festival  on  the  simple  occasion  of  vi.  47.]     They  were  named  after  Titos 

reciting  a  paltry  poem.  G.  Thus  Lucian  Tatius,  the  king  of  the  Sabines  and  ool- 

describee  a  daaciy  rhetorician,  tricked  league  of  Romulus.  "PK. 

out  for  the  approbation  of  hifi  nuditora,  Trepidare  *  to  be  in  ecitmiiwi*  Jofiief, 

88  iraurt^it  riVM,  ««j  ril7»«X«y  Si*i^»,  ^m  iufukt  pede  terrom ;  Hor.  A.  P.  430.  PR. 

trttraXtVftif»9  re  ^«)<r/K«,  I  r<»i»X«#^SMV  «^  Lutttbum.    h  ft  iff  W  V'*  ^9t^  IrMW- 

mlx,^*m,  yv9m»%7n  ri  fiXifipM.  ^iX<;^^«»  ri  turmt'    Luc.  As.  AuT.  6.  t.  ii.  pritteifi§ 

faimfAu,  fiiv^atv  AwTrUtrm-  «.  r.  X.  Rh.  tremuiis  gcmnUibut  aera  pultai,  verboftte 

§r.  t.  iii.  p.  11.  K,  Compare  Hotspur's  toMnvosmereMcumimiianiiaeegtutviiradj 

escription  of  the  foppish  lordling ;  K.  et  obacceruB  numerot  prwriginit  impiti; 

H.  lY.  pt  i.  A.  I.  so.  iii.  Aus.  Ep.  cviii.  4  sqq.  ^mSm»  tb  xUvli  f4t 

16.  This  Taluable  ring  was  one  of  these  Iv  ifz^^**  X«/ir<v  rk  ^uiftmrm  wm^mmmXsh 

birth-day  presents,  and  always  worn  on  »ai  rv  ;^i7|»i  »«}  rit  irAt,  /mkXXm  Ii  SHit 

the  return  of  that  day.  VS.  Juv.  rii.  143  S^^tf  rtr)  /uif^i*#Nf »  U»i7f  r>  ^Sfm  rmt 

pq.  M.  Plant.  Cure  V.  ii.  66.     On  the  ftixt^t  »«j  UrtUuu  Twrtn  ti  Xiyfumn 

abuse  of  this  custom  of  wearing  rings  :  %a$  fipf$iwf,  nev^fm*  iyu9  pk  hnmpivmt' 

cf.  Isid.  xix.  32.  Juv.  i.  27  sqq.  vi.381,  Plut.  Symp.  xi.  15.  A   Jut.  vi.  314. 

note.  Petr.  66.  Mart.  V.  xi.  1.  II.  xxix.  K, 

y,  ix.    The  following  is  among  the  di-  31.  TreTtnUo.  cf.  Hor.  IV  Od.  ziiL  6. 

rections  given  to  an  orator;  ntanu^Tioittm-  Petr.  70.  Mart  I.  xxxvi.  K, 

pleatur  anwdis,prctcimie  rnedios  artictdee  '*  As  the  luscious  line  Thrills  through 

non  trarueuntibiu ;  Quint  Inst.  xi.  3.  X.  the    marrow."     Q,  wcalpuniur    '  are 

^/ftttf  from  his  dress.  F/S.  cf.  Mart.  I«  tickled.'    quid  aures  meat   tealpitf 

Ivi.  14.  lY.  xli.  y I.  xli.  X.  Ixii.  6.  Sen.  quid  obiedus  f  Sen.  Ep.  76.  K, 

£p.  114.  Gell.  xi.  9.  PR.  K.  22.  Vetulut  is  always  used  in  a  bad 

17.  *■  After  he  has  rinsed  his  throat  sense.  LU.  Plant  Epid.  II.  u.  4.  Ariit. 
with  a  gargle.'     According  to  Synesius  .  N.  789.  K, 

a  footman  stood  by  the  reciter  with  some  Escus.  mO  Xmiwtp  tl  piXm  riit  Amtdg* 

emollients  in  a  cup  or  phial,  to  which  iGl.  V.  H.  iii.  I,  K.    *■  DoBt  UioOy  thos 

his  master  applied,  every  now  and  then,  hoanr  pander,  cater  for  the  itching  am 

to  clear  his  voice,  nee  in  tragcedorum  of  omers  ?' 

tnodum  guUur  et  fauces  dulci  medicamine  23.  <<  AIT  oreeehie  di  iai.  eh'mp^  ti 

coiliniendaf  ut  in  ecclesia  theatrales  mo-  hro.Benchi  ^reniaiOy  gridar    baUa  V* 

duli  audiantur  et  cantica;  S.  Hier.  ad  STE.  importumu  amai  kmiarit    4mm 

Eph.  V.  CAS.  OHE  !  Jam  ad  ecehtm  mamtut  nMoHt 

18.'  Effeminately,  CAS.  and  with  las-  dixerit^  urge;  et  eresceniem  tmmdi»  w^ 

clvious  eye  half-closed ;'  therefore  called  eemumibua  vtrem;  Hor.  II  S.  ▼.  96  tqq. 

oceliut.  VS.LU.  cf.  Juv.ii.  94,  last  note.  PR.  ohe !  Jam  satit  es<;  J<l.  I  8.  ▼.  U 

19.  Negue probo  *■  wanton.'  LU.  Sen.  sq.  M. 

Ep.  62.  Plin.  Ep.  ii.  14.  13.  K.  <  Even  thy  cheek  and  brow,  bromad 

Nee  eerena  *  not  calm,  but  agitated  as  they  are.  tingle  widi  shame.'  G.  or 

with  passion.'  M.  *  Bloated,  like  one  swoUen  with  fStut 

20.  Hence  it  appears  that  the  auditory  dropsy.'  Lucilius  calls  *  Tanitjy'  <tfmam 

consisted  of  the  chief  nobility.     Titot  in  animo  tntercmlem;  xxviii.  p.  4^.  d. 

may  be  put  for  TiHen$e§,  as  Rhamnei  Sid.  Ap.  iz.  9.  CJS*  Ariat.  Eth*  W.  9» 


SAT.  I.  OF  PERSIUS.  381 

«  Quo  didicisse,  nisi  hoc  fermentum  et  quae  semel  intus 
25  Innata  est,  rupto  jecore  exierit  caprificus?" 

En  pallor  seniumque  !  o  mores  !    Usque  adeone 
Scire  tuum  nihil  est,  nisi  te  scire  hoc  sciat  alter? 
<^  At  pulchrum  est  digito  monstrari,  et  dicier,  hic  est  ! 
Ten  drratorum  centum  dictata  fuisse 
30  Pro  nihilo  pendas  ?'    Ecce  inter  pocula  quserunt 
Romulidse  saturi,  quid  dia  poemata  narrent 
Hic  aliquis,  cui  circum  humeros  hyacinthina  loena  est, 
Rancidulum  quiddam  balba  de  nare  locutus, 
Phyllidas,  Hypsipylas,  vatum  et  plorabile  si  quid, 
35  Eliquat  ac  tenero  supplantat  verba  palato.    4v^cmJ 

•J  ft  Wjfi^^i^  mmi  r«f««^Mi»«nf  Hfmi-  into  first-rate  schools ;  where  you  are 

rx»ri  fmXkn  |  «/r;^»fr«W'   Id,  Rh.  read  hj  the  youth  of  quality/  *'  Brave 

11.  XT.  lads  with  curled  locks  of  gold."  HO,  d 

34.  The  apologist  first  tries  the  meta-  J«t.  vii.  226.  Mart  I.  xxxv.  cirrhaia 

phor  of  <  leaven,'  (Juv.  iii.  188.)  hut,  caterva  magUM;  IX.  xxx.  7.  K, 

findinff  this  an  awkward  one,  as  it  mi^ht  SO.  This  custom  is  evident  from  Athe- 

be  reaaily  compared  to  the  vanity  which  nsus.  Juv.  vi.  434  sqq.  It  might  serve 

was  working  and  swelling  within  him,  he  well  for  entertainment's  sake,  Irat  was  of 

abropdy  leaves  it  for  the  still  more  un-  little  use  as  far  as  intellectusil  improve- 

hieky  one  of '  die  wild  fi^-tree :'  (Juv.  ment  was  concerned :  dUciiey  turn  inter 

z.  146,  note.)  for  after  this  had  hurst  to  kmce9  mensasque  nitenieMy  cum  Hupet  in' 

light,  tiie  question  of  fuo  (Juv.  viii.  9,  sanis  acies/ulgoribuSj  et  cum  adcliniMfal' 

note  iHt^eitte  '  ¥rhat  are  the  fruits  P'  sis  animus  meliora  recusat;  verum  hic 

would  still  recur.  LU.  CAS,  PR.  impransi  mecum  disquirite:  Hor.  II  S. 

S6.  By  Jumbling  these  incon^ous  ii.  4  sqq.  PR,  Plin.  £p.  I.  xv.  2.  IX, 

meti^khors,  the  Sa&ist  may  also  mtend  xxxvi.  4.  K, 

to  parodr  and  ridicule  Ae  style  of  these  SI.  Quid  dia  (Sulpicia  48)  jfoemata 

oonodted  poetasters.  XU.  narrent  f  (Plant.  Pers.  lY.  lii.  29.) 

Se. '  Worthy  fhuts  indeed  of  such  in-  may  he  considered  as  the  question  of 

tense  stndles,  f  Juv.  vii.  97,  note,  Jf.)  and  one  of  these  noblemen,  therefore  Persius 

waek  advanced  years.'  CAS,  d,  Hor.  I  is  not  chargeable  with  the  inaccuracy  in 

Epw  xviiL  47.  II  Ep.  ii.  82  sqq.  K,  v.  the  use  of  wis  verb.  K, 

134.  iiL  86.  V.  02.  Romulidm  sarcastically,  as  Quiritee, 

Otemmeral  0 mares!  Cic  Cat.i.  1.  M,  Juv.  iii.  60.  especiallv  as  Romulus  was 

S7*  llus  is  taken  from  Lucilius:  VS,  very  abstemious ;  Gkll.  xi.  14.  PR, 

id  me  mh  scire  miki  atfus  sum  consciu*  32.  I'yrioqMe  ardehai  murice  ktna  de^ 

eeirn;  ne  dnmmum/aeiam  scire  est  nesdre^  missa  ex  humeris ;  Virg.  M.  iv.  262  sq. 

nisi  id  me  scire  aHus  scierU,  MAR,  CAS,  cf.  Juv.  vii.  136.  iii.  283,  notes. 

Spectator.  No.  379.  K, 

28.  MwmtrsT   digito  prmtereunOum  S3.  '  Snuffling  through  his  nose  some 
RwmmmJUieem  l^rm;  Hor.  IV  Od.  ui.  stale  ditty.'  G, 

92  sq.    Cioero  rads  firalt  with  Demos-  34.  Pfl^is  hung  herself  in  a  fit  of  im- 

tbflnesfbr  being  pleased  at  hearing  a  poor  patience  at  the  long  protracted  absence 

womaa  whisper  to  her  neighbour,  «Jr«f  of  her  husband,  Demophoon.  7*.  G.  Ov. 

UtoPiff  I  T.  Q.  V.  36.  yS,  liuc.  Som.  t  Her.  ii.  PR, 

i.  0.  2.  el  Ov.  Am.  III.  i.  17  sqq.  K,  J9^p«^pyfe,  after  running  through  more 

Pliny  Ainks  there  was  no  great  harm  love  adventures  than  any  lady  of  ro- 

in  tfds  ^  Ep.  ix,  ^,  6.  QE»    Certainly  mance,  narrowlv  escaped  the  same  or  a 

the  oensore  comes  with  an  ill  graoe  worse  catastrophe.    Her  faithless  lover 

fren  Cieenk  el  Jnv.  i.  161.  was  Jason.  T,  G.  Ov.  Her.  vi.  PR. 

29.  <  To  be  iBtrodoeed  as  a  dass  book  36.  <  Filters,'  LU. '  melts,'  CAS.  <dis- 


a.L 


382  THE  SATIRES  sat.  i. 

Adsensere  viri :  nunc  non  cinis  ille  poetae 
Felix?  non  levior  cippus  nunc  imprimit  ossa? 
Laudant  convivse :  nunc  non  e  Manibus  illis, 
Nunc  non  e  tumulo  fortunataque  favilla 
40  Nascentur  violae?    "  Rides"  ait  ^^  et  nimis  uncis 
Naribus  indulges.     An  erit,  qui  velle  recuset 
Os  populi  meruisse  ?  et  cedro  digna  locutus, 
Linquere  nee  scombros  metuentia  carmina  nee  thus?" 
ff%«^  Qubquis  es,  o,  modo  quem  ex  adverse  dicere  feci, 
45  Non  ego,  quum  scribo,  si  forte  quid  aptius  exit — 
Quando  hsec  rara  avis  est — si  quid  tamen  aptius  exit, 
Laudari  metuam ;  neque  enim  mihi  cornea  fibra  est. 
Sed  recti  finemque  extremumque  esse  recuso 

tils.'  PR.  <*  His  dainty  palate  tripping  Greek  phrases  txu*  or  Jmm  I*  Xtyy , 

forth  his  words."  HO,    ^^  His  refining  and  the  like. 

throat  Fritters,  and  melts,  and  minces        VitniTius  (with  whom  Pliny  affrees, 

every  note."  BW,  '*  Slowly  distils. . . .  xiii.  5.)  tells  ns  that  hooks,  nihbea  with 

And  trips  up  every  word,  with  lisping  the  oil  or  the  juice  of  the  cedar,  were 

tongue."  G.  cf.  Ov.  A.  A.  ii.  283  sqq.  therehy  preserved  from  moths  and  de^Ty 

iii.  293  sqq.  Mart  X.  Ixv.  10  sqq.  K,  ii.  9.  Hor.  A.  P.  331  sq.  PR.  K.    The 

36.  '  The  heroes  hum  assent'  G.  cf.  ancients  also  kept  their  hooks  in  what  we 
Mart  I.  iv.  FA.  Ov.  M.  ix.  259.  ziv.  call  pigeon-holes,  as  well  as  in  chesti ; 
692.  Yirg.  JE.  ii.  130.  K.  Juv.  iii.  206.     For  the  more  valnable 

Ctnity  SfC,  cf.  Juv.  vii.  207  sq.  Ov.  partofthe  collection,  these  articles  were 

Tr.  III.  iii.  76-  Am.  III.  ix.  67*  A.  A.  made  of  cedar,  or  cypress,  on  acooont  of 

iii.  470.  Prop.  I.  xvii.  24.  K.  the  antiseptic  quality  of  tiie  wood*  G. 

37.  Cippus  *  the  marhle  slah,'  ^  the  43. '  And  that  are  under  no  danger  of 
grave-stone.'  CAS.  lying  in  chandlers'  shops  to  wrap  spices 

38.  Laudant  denotes  more  than  as-  and  red  herrings  in«'  J^N.  fie,  aula  emm 
sensere :  and  conviviE  implies  that '  they  acriptore  meo  capsa  porrectut  t^petia^  dip- 
paid  for  their  entertainment  by  their  ferarmvicumvendenUmikugHodBraH 
applause.'  Mart  VI.  xlviii.  K.  iPf^  ^  qyidquid  chofHt amkUwr  meptis; 

Manibus;    v.  162.  PR.    *  The  re-  Hor.  II  Ep.  i.2678qq.  M.  Cat  xcv.  8. 

mains.'  sepulcra  diruta;  nudati  Manes;  Mart  III.  ii.  3  sqq.  IV.  Ixxxvii.  8.  K, 

Liv.  M.  Plin.  Ep.  vii.  27, 11.  Prop.  II.  Scombros;  Ath.  vii.  Plin.  ix.  16.  PR. 

X.  31.  IV.  V.  3.  cf.  Virg.  X.  ii.  687.  iii.  Id.  xxxi.  43.  K. 

39  sqq.  Eur.  Hec.  31  sqq.  K.  44.  *  To  speak  seriously  then:'    in 

39.  This  line  is  spurious :  SB,  K,  or  reference  to  p.  40.  LU» 
rather  it  made  a  part  of  the  Satire  before  46.  Exit:  a  metaphor  firom  pottery  ; 
it  received  the  author's  last  polish.  PV.  Hor.  A.  P.  21  sq.  K.  pr.  3,  note. 
PM.  There  is  no  reason  to  question  its  46.  Alluding  to  the  Phoenix  :  FA. 
genuineness.  WB,  It  is  a  climax  in  Plin.  x.  2.  Ov.  M.  xv.  37.  PR>  Luc.  vL 
ridicule  of  the  poetasters.  CAS.  DB.  680.  {DCE,)K.  Juv.  vi.  166.  M.  Her.u. 
See  note  1  on  v,  31.  73.  Tac.  An.  ii.  28.  S.  Clem.  Bom. 

40.  *  You  are  too  fond  of  sneering.'  1  Cor.  xxv. 
plerique  sclent  naso  suspendere  euiunco  Cf.  126.  si  quid  est  in  me  ingemUjJm' 
ignotos\  Hor.  I  S.  vi.  6  sq.  M.  Mart  I.  dices;  quodsentio  quamsttexigumm;  Cic. 
iv.  6  sq.  Sidon.  ix.  341  sqq.  K.  for  Arch.  1.  i^nmi*  Arist  £th.  iv.  7  fin. 

42.  Vdito  vivus  per  or  a  virdm ;  £nn.  47. '  Nor  (though  I  am  a  Stoic,  CAS. ) 

CAS.  Her.  iii.  167.  note  17.  What  men  are  my  heart-strings  so  callous.' 

talk  much  of,  it  is  natural  to  suppose  48.  '  I  cannot  allow  praise  to  be  the 

that  they  think  much  of;  hence  the  end  and  aim  of  all  one's  works  and  ac- 


BAT.  I.  OF  PERSIUS.  383 

EuGE  tuum  et  belle  ;  nam  belle  hoc  excute  totuni,        / 
50  Quid  non  intus  habet  ?  non  hic  est  Ilias  Acci       /<    Ah   ^  ^ 

Ebria  veratro  ?  non  si  qua  elegidia  crudi  f-p^ 

Dictarunt  proceres  ?  non  quidquid  denique  lectis 

Scribitur  in  citreis  ?    Calidum  scis  ponere  sumen ; 

Scis  comitem  horridulum  trita  donare  lacerna, 
55  Et  "  Verum"  inquis  "amo:  verum  mihi  dicito  de  me !" — 

Qui  pote  ?  vis  dicam  ?    Nugaris,  quum  tibi,  calve,  /    . 

Pinguis  aqualiculus  propenso  sesquipede  exstet  ' 

O  Jane,  a  tergo  quern  nulla  ciconia  pinsit, 

tions :*  LU.l  V  mM  fis9Xifu0m.  rk  iXXm  inter  notcere  mendacem  verumque  beaius 

tt  Xk  r§Sr§'  Arist.  Kth.  i.  3.  inii,  canicum.  tUj  teu  doftdrU  seu  ^pUddonctre 

49.  Cf.  66,  note.  C^iS.  Petr.  40.  JST.  voles  cut ynoUto  ad  ver»u8  tibi  f ados  ducere 

Juv.  yii.  44,  note.  Jf.  pteniimketitia ;  danuibitenimPVijCHVLEl 

'  Sift  thorooghly.'  M,  bene  !  recte  !  ^.  Hor.  A.  P.  402— 

60.  '  And  what  trash  and  flammery  433.  PR,  dicamy  si  potero»  male  verum 
do  70a  not  find  it  to  consist  of  ?'  LU.  ejeaminat  omnis  corruptus Judex  ;  Id,  II 

Aeei;  v,  4.  VS,  S.  ii.  S  aq,  LU. 

61.  <  Besotted  with  hellebore.'  ebrius  ^<  Thou  triflest,  bald-pate  ass!"  HO, 
jitjim;  Sen.  £p.  19. '  Labeo's  ^'  eye  in  a  '  Tuor  attempting  to  write  poetry  is  an 
fine  phrensy  rt^Iing"  (Shaksp.  M.  N.  D.  utter  waste  of  time  and  every  thing  else.' 
V.  i.  IS.)  is  not  lit  by  the  fire  of  genius,  CAS,  '<  Dotard !  this  thriftless  trade  no 
bat  kinged  by  ^  stimulants  of  art.  more  pursue:  Your  lines  are  bald  and 
Unfortunately,  too,  the  dose  has  been  dropsical  like  Tovl."  G,  nugaris  seems  a 
vtroogandtheversifier's  head  very  weak,  mild  term  for  Persius  to  employ  as  con- 
He  has  not  tasted  the  inspiring  streams  veying  his  opinion ;  it  may  therefore 
of  Hmocrene,  nor  reached  the  heights  mean  ^  You  are  not  serious  in  what  you 
of  Helican ;  but,  on  his  way  to  the  spring,  say.'  K. 

bas  chewed  so  freely  of  the  hellebore,  Calve!  The  proverb  says  ^^  There  is 

which  grows  on  that  mountain  in  pro-  no  fool  like  an  old  fool." 

Ibsion,  mat  his  brain  is  quite  muddled  'cf.  67.  *  A  paunch  like  a  hog-trough  struts 

Plin.zzy.6.Gell.xvii.l6.  Pi2.X.CMiS.  with  a  projection  of  eighteen  inches.' 

'Sonnets,'  DN,  ^  namby-pamby  lays.'  HO,  irm;^uk  yurrft^  kutrn  •»  ri»ru  94*r 

69.  <  Have  dictated  to  their  amanuen-  VS,  PR,  ct  Sen.  £p.  90.  K. 

ab.'  K,  68.  Janus,  fortunately  for  him,  had  a 

Jut.  vii.  106,  note  2,  LU.  Grell.  six.  double  face,  and  these  eyes  in  his  poll 

10,  Plin.  Ep.  iv.  14.  PR  Prop.  III.  iv.  prevented  him  from  being  laughed  at  be- 

14.  (BU.)  K,  hind  his  back.  LU.    The  Komans  were 

63.  <  Yon  are  noted  for  giving  excel-  great  adepts  in  the  various  arts  of  con- 
lent  hot  suppers.'  CAS.  Juv.  xi.  81,  if.  tempt;  and  their  descendants,  the  modem 
and  138.  Petr.  36.  cf.  Hor.  A.  P.  422  Itahans,  have  inherited  no  small  portion 
sqq.  Mart  II.  zxvii.  III.  1.  Petr.  10.  of  their  ingenuity.  They  will  frequently 
137.  Lac.  Merc.  Cond.  t.  L  p.  694.  Juv.  follow  an  unfortunate  wight  occ^toeeco, 
xiii.  33,  note.  K.  Rambler  No.  16.  and  ridicule  him  vrith  the  most  expressive 

64.  '  Shivering  with  the  cold.'  LU.       and  ludicrous  signs.    '  The  ass's  ears' 
Laeenui;  Juv.  iz.  28,  note.  Prop.  IV.    and  *  the  stork's  bill'  are  still  the  popular 

iii.  18.  {BU.)  K.  modes  of  scoffing:  these,  the  suppleness 

66.  Ego  verum  amo:  verum  volo  mihi  of  their  fingers  enables  them  to  imitate 

did:  mendacem  odi;  Plant.  Most.  I.  iii.  with  great  success ;  but  the  manner  of 

24.  PR  Mart.  VIII.  Ixxvi.  K.  it  must  be  seen  to  be  fully  understood. 

66.  Hoe  fades  J  sive  id  non  pot  e^  sive  The  following  is  an  evident  imitation  of 

pde;  Cat  Ixxvi.  16.  ti  vero  est  unctum  this  passage :  ne  credos  laudatoribus  tuis : 

qm  reete ponere possk^, .  ,nurabor  si sdet  imo  trriscribus  aurem  ne  libenter  aceom^ 


L 


aui 


kUus     Jt^    ^-^     ^ 


384  THE  SATIRES  sat.  i. 

Nee  manusy  auriculas  imitari  mobilis  albas, 
60  Nee  linguae,  quantum  sidat  eanis  Appula,  tantum  ! 
Vos,  o  patrieius  sanguis,  quos  vivere  fas  est 
^,  f  /  • .       Occipiti  caeco,  postiese  occurrite^  sannse. — 
\[,  /  <<  Quis  populi  sermo  est?'    Quis  enim?  nisi  cannina 

/  J    M^^  molli 

/  f^^y      J     Nunc  denGLum  numero.  fluere,  ut  per  levg  sgveros^ 
OC^h^^^    65  Efiundat  juQctura  ungues ;  scit  tendere  versum 
/  /  %j^  f       Non  secus,  ac  si  oculo  rubricam  dirigat  uno. 
r      /  (7  Sive  opus  in  mores,  in  luxum,  in  prandia  regum 
^i  ^xx^^  '    Dicere,  res  grandes  nostro  dat  Musa  poet9. 

Ecce  modo  heroas  sensus  a£Perre  videmus 

modeSf  qui  cum   te  aduUxtwnibut  not  face.'  LU,  M,  K.  The  Bomaai  wwe ex- 
fooermt^  ti  subito  re^pexerit;  aui  cicoma-  ceedingly  particidar  in  having  their  fiir* 
rum  deprehendes pott  te  coUa  cutvari ;  aut  nitare,  whether  of  wood  or  marhk,  lo 
manu  aurkulaa  agitari  omti,  aid  aatU'  constmcted  as  to  leave  die  Joints  imper- 
antu  camsprotendiUnguam;  S.  Hier.  to  ceptible,  not  only  to  the  eje,  but  to  Ite 
Rii8t.  Id.  pr.  m  Sophon.  Macr.  S.  i.  9.  scnitiny  of  the  nail ;  if  in  passing  it  over 
PR,  G,  VS.  ct  Ov.  F.  i.  66  sq.  K.  ib.  vi.  the  lineof  jnnotnre,  the  slightestjarwere 
123.  Spectator,  No.  354.  Isaiah  Iviii.  9.  perceived,  the  fastidions  taste  at  onoe 
69.  The  inside  of  an  ass's  ears  are  condemned  the  article  as  nn£uhionaUe. 
'  white.'  LU.  In  a  much  earlier  and  less  Inxarioas  ajRe, 
60.  Cf.  Isaiah  Ivii.  4.  we  find  Lucilins  illustrating  the  artinoe 
Apulia  was  a  parched  and  sultry  dis-  of  composition  by  a  comparison  from  the 
trict :  sitkulota  Apulia;  Hor.  £p.  iii.  16.  arrangement  of  a  tesselUted  pavement : 
CAS.  Juv.  i V.  27*  note.  tarn  kipidi  xiifytt  compoitti  ut  testemkt  em- 
el .  Vosj  0  PompiUus  tattguis ;  Hor.  A.  fief,  endo  pavimenio  atfue  emUamda  cer- 
P.  291  sq.  PR.  miculaio.  FRK  ct  Aus.  Id.  xvi.  3  aqq. 

*  Whose  destiny  it  is.'  K.  66.  The  metaphor  is  taken  from  car- 

62.  *  Let  me  recommend  to  your  lord-  penters,  or  masons,  who  shut  one  eye, 
ships,  who  are  Dot  blessed  with  eyes  in  when  they  want  to  draw  a  straight  line : 
the  poll,  to  find  a  method  of  preventing  T,  which  they  do  by  means  of  a  oord, 
those  scofis  and  sneers  that  are  made  be-  rubbed  over  with  raddle.  The  ooid  is 
hind  your  back,'  DN. '  by  dropping  all  stretched  alons  the  wood  or  stone,  and 
pretensions  to  shine  as  authors.'  PR,  then  jerked  by  oeing  pulled  at  the  ecntie 

63.  Contiuued  from  v.  66.  PR,  and  suddenly  let  go.  Iri)  mii2  r«if  ria- 

*  Why,  what  should  it  be  P'  r«Mif  r«XAiMf  \m^m»%uu  fut  %4m£  Ibri^ 

64.  A  metaphor  from  statuaries  who  rSf  IpimX^Af  ifmwtw  r^  r«W  mmiwmt 
run  their  nail  over  the  marble  to  ascer-  kwitttitnrmt  rk  \iXm'  Luo.  Icarom.  t.  ii. 
tain  whether  there  is  any  flaw  or  uneven-  p.  769.  K. 
nes8,caf7nenreprehenditejfuodnon  muUa        Rubrica;  Plin.  xxxv.  6.  PR, 

dies  et  multa  litura  coercuitj  aique prddtec-  67. '  The  immorality  and  luxury  of  Ae 

turn  decies  non  ctutigamt  ad  unguem;  age;'  i.e.  *  to  write  satires.'  *  The  Ima- 

Hor.  A.  P.  292  sqq.  II  S.  vii.  87. 1 S.  v.  quets  of  kings ;'  (cf.  Juv.  vii.  73,  vi.  644, 

32.  tota  deni^  oratio  Uquida  prornu  et  notes,  •'.  e. '  to  write  tragedies.'  CAS*  Or 

ductility  veluH  quum  ctyetallinas  crustas  in  may  mean  '  upon,'  and  all  three  anb- 

aui  onychiniinas  non  impacto  digitus  tm-  stantives  relate  to  regum :  *  the  maimen, 

gue  oerlabitur;  quqipe  se  nihil  eum  rimo-  luxury,  and  feasts  ra  oonrts.'  JT. 

sis(Aicibuseaceptumtenajffr(Mcturarenuh  69.  '  Heroio  sentiments.'      Honee 

retur;  Sid.  Ap.  ix.  7. '  The  joining  is  so  checks  such  conceited  presamptkai  b^ 

ex  act  as  to  allow  the  critical  nail  to  glide  saying,  sumHe  matenam  ffuirUy  fMi  sen- 

uninterruptedly  along  the  polished  sur-  bitiSf  esquam  viribus;  et  wmaftf  dim  fuU 

f  9 


SAT.  I. 


OF  PERSIUS. 


385 


70  Nugari  solitos  6r»ce  nee  ponere  lucum 
Artifices  nee  nis  saturum  laudare,  ubi  corbes 
Et  focus  et  porci  et  fumosa  Palilia  foeno : 
Unde  Remus  sulcoque  terens  dentalia,  Quinti, 
Quum  trepida  ante  boves  dictaturam  induit  uxor 

75  Et  tua  aratra  domum  lictor  tulit. — Euge,  poeta  ! 
Est  nunc,  Brisaei  quern  venosus  liber  Aeci, 
Sunt,  quos  Pacuviusque  et  verrucosa  moretur 


fern  recutetUj  quid valetmt  humeri;  A.  P. 
38  wqq.  LU.  Examples  of  the  lue  of 
the  double  cubstantive  aregiven  by  BGy 
in  hifl  note  on  iEsch.  P.  V.  2. 

70.  '  Thoee  who  used  to  confine  their 
poetical  efinnons  to  wretched  attempts 
in  Greek.'  LU.  Compare  Petr.  de  Inst. 
Jny.  mU.  CAS. 

*•  Those  who  had  not  eren  the  art  to 
depict  a  grore.'  T.  Hor.  A.  P.  16.  For 
this  nae  titpomere^  of.  IV  Od.  yiii.  8.  If. 
A.  P.  34.  Jut.  i.  155.  Ov.  A.  A.  iii. 
401.  mUfion  ptmere  is  a  Grecism.  K. 
pr.  0. 11. 

71.  Persins  here  parodies  and  plajs 
apoii  some  fitvoorite  of  the  town.  The 
poem,  thns  ridicoled,  appears  to  have 
been  a  sOTt  of  <  Bhueody  on  the  Golden 
Age*  or  *•  The  Delights  of  the  Conntrj.' 
O.  ''  His  lay  Recounts  its  chimnies, 
fMDBieiii,  hogs,  and  hay."  BW. 

79.  PiaiUia  tarn  prwcda  quam  publica 
€md ofrndnuOeoa:  ui  eoHgatis  eum/emo 
srtpwfti,  ignem  numum  trtmsnlkmi,  hit 
IvUiiimiseeamancredeHiet;  Var.L.L. 
▼.  3.  VS.  This  festival  was  in  honour 
«€  Palas  and  was  celebrated  on  the  2l8t 
of  ApriL  the  anniyersary  of  the  founda- 
tion of  Rome.  Or.  F.  iv.  639  sqq.  PR. 
Prop.  IV.  i.  19.  Pint  Rom.  12.  K.  It 
was  also  called  P»Uki;  Ath.  viii.  16. 
as  it  was  snpposed  to  promote  fecundity 
in  their  ilocb.  LU.  cf.  CAR,  L.  ix.  p. 
SS4sqq. 

73.  «  Whence  Remus'  rose.  LU  Ov. 
F.  iv.  PR,  Juv.  X.  73,  note.  A'. 

Suleo  iertmt.    Virg.  G.  i.  46.  K. 

DmHaOa;  Virg.  G.  i.  172. 

T.  Q.  Cmeitmahu  was  called  from  the 
plough  to  be  dictator,  in  the  Samnite 
war.  Liv.  iii.  26.  LU. 

74.  This  intimates  that  he  kept  no 
eerrant,  and  that  he  stripped  to  work. 
Virg.  G.i.  299. 

<  His  wife*  BaeiUa,  CAS.    ''  with 


76.  *  Bravo !  poet' 

76.  Accius  (Juv.  vi.  70,  note)  wrote  a 
tragedy  on  a  similar  subject  to  the  Bac- 
chae  of  Euripides:  hence  *•  Brissean/  an 
epithet  of  the  god,  is  transferred  to  the 
poet  FA.  Cic.  for  Arch.  Macr.  S.  i.  7. 
vi.  1  sq.  6.  V.  Max.  III.  vii.  11.  PR, 
His  general  style  appears  to  have  been 
uncouth  but  vigorous ;  dark,  rugged,  and 
sublime.  One  fipecimen  of  his  tortuous 
bombast  may  amuse  the  reader :  itulecora' 
Miter  aiienos  alwitj  ui  rorulentas  temu 
ferrofidasproacindaniglebas.  The  obsti- 
nate attacnment  of  the  Romans  to  their 
earliest  poets  annoyed  Horace  and  the 
critics  or  the  Augustan  age.  After  a 
lapse  of  three-score  years,  the  same  fond- 
ness still  existed.  The  very  defects  of 
the  old  writers  were  carefully  copied.  A 
corrupt  age  is  always  an  affected  one : 
simplicity  is  lost  in  silliness ;  and  vigour 
in  preposterous  tumour.  Rude  and  ob- 
solete terms  were  culled  from  the  old 
drama  to  gratify  a  morbid  taste,  a  sickly 
delicacy  which  had  no  relish  of  nature, 
and  to  the  indulgence  of  which  the  poet 
justly  attributes  the  corruption  of  forensic 
eloquence  and  the  debility  of  metrical 
composition,  quid  quodnihiljam  prcprium 
placet  J  dum  parum  creditur  disertum  quod 
eUiui  dixerttf  a  comqitiMimo  quoque 
poeiarumfiguras  teu  trarulaiioneM  mutua- 
mWj  turn  detnum  ingeniosijnadinteUigen' 
dos  no8y  oput  sii  ingenio!    Diomede.  G, 

Vefwsus^^jagg'd  and  knotty."  G.  oratio 
autemj  sicui  corpus  hominiSj  ea  demum 
pulchra  estfin  qua  rum  eminent  venae, 
nee  o$aa  numertmturj  sed  temperaius  et 
bonus  sanguis  implet  membra  et  exsurgit 
tarisy  ipsos  quoque  nervos  rubor  tegit  et 
decor  commendat;  Tac.  de  Cans.  Corr. 
El.  21.  PM.  The  metaphor  is  taken 
from  old  men  whose  veins  stand  out  and 
look  turgid,  owing  to  the  shrinking  of 
the  flesh.  CAS. 

77.  Paeupim  was  more  ancient  and 


S*  ; 


iiSG  THE  SATIRES  sat.  i- 

Antiopa,  (erumnis  cor  hictificabikjidta. 
Hos  pueris  monitus  patres  infundere  lippos 
80  Quum  videos,  quserisne,  unde  hsec  sartago  loquendi 
Venerit  in  linguas  ?  unde  istuc  dedecus,  in  quo 
Trossulus  exsultat  tibi  per  subsellia  levis? 

Nilne  pudet,  capiti  non  posse  pericula  cano 
Pellere,  quin  tepidum  hoc  optes  audire,  decekter  I 
I  *     /  85  "  Fur  es"  ait  Pedio.     Pedius  quid  ?    Crimina  raais 

Pi    /w***— •        Librat  in  antithetis :  doctas  posuisse  figures 

more  emineDt  than  Accius,  in  conjunc-  rived  from  bubale:  as  bubtUe  fnulMm 

tion  with  whom  he  is  frequently  men-  '  a  beef-steak  from  a  wild  ox.'  Fetron.) 

tioned :  cUtonitusque  legis  terra  t'  fru-  '^  They  hare  made  our  English  tong  ne 

gi/era't'yAcciuseiquit^uidPacumusfue  a    gallimaufrey  or  hodgepodge 

vomunf;   Mart.  XI.  xci.  6.     He  was  a  of  all  other  speeches;"  EpisL  Frel  to 

native  of  Bnindusium,  and  a  painter  as  Spenser's  Shep.  Cal.    '*  Such  p^ti*hing 

well  as  a  poet:  he  died  131  B.  C.    His  maketh   Littleton's  hotchpot  of  oar 

motherwasasisterof  Ennius.  C^5.Gell.  tongue,  and,  in  elBect, brings  the  same 

i.  24.  xiii.  2.  Quint  z.  1.  PR,  V.  Pat.  rather  to  aBabellish  oonftiaion  dian  any 

II.  iz.  3.    Cic.  to  Her.  ii.  23.    Our  one  entire  language;"   Camden's  Be- 

satirist  does  not  mean  to  disparage  the  mains, 
general  merits  of  these  old  writers.  K,        82.  The  Roman  knights,  under  the 

*  Warty.'  M.  "  Hard  and  horny."  G,  kings,  were  called  CeSrety  afterwards 
'  Fascinates.'  Hor.  I  £p.  xiii.  17.  A'.  i^/!pxuf7iine«,  and  lastly  2Vosnii^';  for  hav- 

78.  Quis  Ermii  Medeam  et  Pacuvii  ing  taken  Trossulum  in  Etroria  without 
Antiopam  contemned  et  rt^icicUf  Cic.  the  aid  of  the  infantry.  Plin.  zzziii.  9. 
Fin.  i.  2.  Antiopa,  when  divorced  by  Ly-  This  name  was  afterwards  apjdied  to  ef- 
cus  for  her  intrigue  with  Jupiter,  was  tor-  feminate  and  pampered  persons ;  and  die 
mented  by  his  new  wife  Dirce ;  on  whom  knights  began  to  be  ashamed  of  it.  Its 
she  afterwards  took  dreadful  vengeance,  origin  was  forgotten:  and  a  new  deriva- 
SCH,  Apoll.  III.  V.  5.  {HY,)  a.  tion  assigned  it;  trossuiiu  g,  d,  tongmims 

*  Propped'  I.  e.  *  beset,  begirt.'  T.  from  torus  *  a  roll  of  flesh:'  Nonius.  F, 

<  Her  dolorific  heart  shored  round  with  Sen.  Ep.  87.  CAS.  ib,  87.  K,  cf.  iiL  86, 
teen.'  cerumna  was  obsolete  when  Quin-    note. 

tilian  wrote ;  he  gives  Icdntr  as  tanta-  83.    '  Is  it  not  monstrous,  that  in 

mount  to  it.   But,  though  a  profuse  and  pleading  for  gray  hairs,  in  a  matter  of 

promiscuous  introduction  of  antiquated  life  and  death,  the  orator  should  be 

terms  is  censurable,  a  sparing  and  judi-  ambitious  of  pretty  conceits?'  JLU. 

oious  use  of  them  has  its  advantages ;  84.  Tepidum  '  luke-wann.'  CA& 

and,  at  all  events,  a  language  is  not  85.  Pedius  Bl^esuswss  accused  hjibe 

much  the  worse  for  possessing  two  words  Cyrenians  of  peculation  and  sacrilege : 

with  nearly  the  same  meaning.  G,  of  which  he  was  found  guilty  «*m^  ez- 

79.  If^undere:  for  the  metaphor,  cf.  pelled  the  senate.  Tac.  A.  ziv.  18.  He 
Hor.  I  L.  ii.  69  sq.  appears  to  have  undertaken  his  own  de* 

<  Purblind:'  in  a  double  meaning.  K,     fence.  LU.  PR, 

cf.  Hor.  I  S.  iii.  25  sq.   K^tttKtuf  Xri/mit  Ait  *  says  the  accuser.'  LU, 

$9Tttf   Xfifiui*rts  rms   ip^i*»s'    Arist.  Pi.  Ubi vero atrocitate,  rnvidia, miteraiime 

581.  pttgnandum  est  y  guts jferatctmtrapontigH 

80.  Sartago  is  literally  a  frying-pan  ;  paritercadenttbusetconsimiUbuSyirascem'' 
and  the  allusion  is  to  the  miscellaneous  tem^/tentem^  rogantemf  cum  m  his  e 
ingredients  of  the  hash ;  and  also,  per-  verborum  deroget  affectikus  fidem;  et  i 
haps,  to  the  hissing  and  sputtering  of  the  cumquearsostentaiMr,  omAuo^eneoM 
ollapodridawhileundergoingthe  process  tur;  Quint.  IX.  iu./in,  PR. 
of  cookery :  FA,  T,  as  in  our  bubble  86.  Non  pudet  Christwios  et 
AND  SQUEAK.  (Uuless  Bubble  be  dc-  dotss  Dei,  quasi  de  rebus  Istdkrisagvdmr^ 


SAT.  I. 


OF  PERSIUS, 


387 


Laudatur:  bellum  hoc  ! — B^llum  hoc?  an,  Komule,  ceves? 

Men  moveat  quippe  et,  cantet  si  naufragus,  assem 

Protulerim  ?  Cantas,  quum  fracta  te  in  trabe  pictum 
90  Ex  humero  portes  ?  Verum  nee  nocte  paratum 

Plorabit,  qui  me  volet  incurvasse  querela, 
"  Sed  numeris  decor  est  et  junctura  addita  crudis." 

Claudere  sic  versum  didicit :  Berecyntius  Attis, 

Et :  qui  carylevm  dirimebat  Nerea  delphin, 
95  Sic :  costam  hngo  subdtLximus  Apennino, 

**  Arma  virum — nonne  hoc  spumosum  et  cortice  pingui  ?" 

Ut  ramale  vetus  vegrandi  subere  coctum. 


,>\  .\ 


rerhUdubuM /uerereyH ttmbigwu  librare 
saUenikUy  fuibus  lofuetu  magis  quam 
tmdieng  deemUwr;  S.  Hier.  £p.  to 
Pamm.  CAS. 

*'  In  terse  antithesis  (Cic.  Or.  49.  K,) 
he  weighs  the  crime,  Equals  the  pause, 
and  balances  the  chime  :"  G,  so  that, 
as  in  Timon's  garden,  ^*  Grove  nods  at 
grore,  each  aUey  has  a  brother,  And 
half  tiie  platform  rust  reflects  the  other ;" 


Pope,  Mor.  £p.  ly.  117  sq. 

87.  <  Does  Komalns  (Juv.  iii.6;.  M.) 
plaj  the  spaniel?'  by  giving  **'  Sweet 
words,  Low-crook'd  cnrt'sies,  and  base 
muiiel  fawning;"  Shakspeare,  J.  C. 
UI.  i.  '*  Ton  play  the  spaniel.  And 
think  with  wa^im^  of  your  tongue  to 
win  me ;"  Id,  K,  H.  viii.  V.  ii. 

88.  Si  vU  me  flerCy  dolendnm  est 
f»imum  tpn  t^;  tunc  tua  me  infortunia 
ktdenti  Hor.  A.  P.  102  sq.  LU. 

89.  *  I  should  say,  what !  do  you 
siiurP' 

Qioon  fyc.  Juv.  xiT.  302,  note.  This 
trick  was  often  played  by  impostors ; 
dierefore^Nictem  is  emphatic.  Jl. 

90.  VenmijUDdentandploratum.  PR* 
*■  Not  conned  over-night.'  M, 

91.  Inietiiget  turn  magis  tibi  incur- 
mart  Ucerty  ouam  ittij  si  quis  modo  est, 
ctffMs  kumens  mundus  trmititur;  Sen. 
Cons,  to  Pol.  26  ;  ptid  est  in  tormentisy 
fuui  est  in  aUiSy  pus  adoersa  appellamus, 
flHo/i  f  MoCf  td  spmorj  succidere  mentem 
ei  ineurvari  et  suocumbere;  J</.  £p. 
71.  Cic.  T.  Q.  ii.  23.  cf.  Hor.  A.  P. 
110.  K. 

92.  '  Even  unfinished  verses  derive  a 
grace  firom  a  happy  combination  and 
adaptation  of  words.'  Quint,  x.  4.  K. 
Hor.  A.  P.  47  sq.  M. 

93.  jiUis  was  a  beautiful  Phrygian 


boy,  beloved  by  Cybele,  to  whom  mount 
Berecyntus,  in  the  Lesser  Asia,  was 
sacred.  Ov.  M.  x.  T.  Cat  Ixiii.  (DCE.) 
Oy.  F.  iv.  223.  PR.  Mncr.  S.  i.  21.  K. 
Dio  says  of  Nero  iKt^a^iflnru  'Arrtfrn' 
Ixi.  21.  J5.  Ov.  lb.  465  sqq. 

94.  *  The  dolphin  clave  blue  Nereus 
right  in  twain :'  in  plain  English,  *  was 
swimming  through  the  sea.'  LU.  V. 
Flac.  i.  460.  K.  Tib.  IV.  i.  68.  PV. 

96.  Subducere  is  a  military  term,  and 
means  *  to  surprize  and  preoccupy  a  po- 
sition by  forced  or  stolen  marches.' 
MXk^m  is  used  in  this  sense  by  Xeno- 
phon ;  and  some  pleasantry  passes  be- 
tween him  and  the  Spartan  Cnerisophus 
on  the  relative  dexterity  of  their  coun- 
trymen in  stealing :  An.  IV.  vi.  10 — 
12.  G.  *  Through  luck  divine,  we, 
with  our  hostile  line,  Stole  by  surpriie 
the  chine  of  Apennine.' 

Est  in  eoquoque  fumnihil,  quod  singulis 
verbis  bini  pedes  continentur,  quod  etiam 
in  carminihus  estpermoUe :  nee  solum  ubi 
quintesyUcdxE  nechintur^utin  his — ^^/oT' 
tissima  Tyndaridarum :"  sed  etiam 
ubi  quatema,  quum  versus  cluditur — 
"  Apennino"  et — "  armamentis,'*  et — 
"  Oriona;"  Quint.  Inst,  ix.4,  65.  CAS. 

96.  '  Is  not  this'  <<  A  pithless  branch 
beneath  a  fungous  rind  ?"  G, 

Arma  virum  is  here  put  for  the  whole 
^neid,  and  that  for  Virgil  himself. 
Ov.  R.  A.  367  sq.  Tr.  il  633  sq.  Mart. 
VIII.  Ivi.  19.  Aus.  Ep.  cxxxvii.  Sidon. 
ii.  4.  K.  A  depreciation  of  the  standard 
poetry  is,  in  every  country,  one  of  the 
most  striking  signs  of  a  decay  of  taste  ; 
and  it  is  usually  accompanied  by  a  pas- 
sion for  the  crude  and  imperfect  pro- 
ductions of  an  earlier  age.  G. 

97.  Persius  takes  up  the  far-fetched 


388 


THE  SATIRES 


8AT.  I. 


^^  Quidnam  igitur  tenerum  et  laxa  oenrioe  legenduin  ?' 
Torva  MimaUoneis  implerunt  comua  bombi§f 

100  Et  raptum  vittdo  caput  ablatura  mperbo 
Bassaris  et  lyncem  Mtsnasjlexura  corymbis 
Evion  ingeminat;  reparabilis  adsonat  Echo, 
Haec  fierent,  si  testiculi  vena  uUa  patemi 
Viveret  in  nobis  ?  summa  delumbe  saliva 

105  Hoc  natat  in  labris  et  in  udo  est  McBmu  et  AtiiSf 
Nee  pluteum  caedet  nee  demorsos  sapit  ungues. 
"  Sed  quid  opus  teneras  mordaci  radere  vero 


metaphor  and,  adopting  his  opponent's 
own  phraseology,  replies  that  sdthough 
the  bark  might  be  turgid  and  corky,  it 
had  sound  and  wellnseasoned  timber  un- 
der it.  G.  Quint,  x.  PR, 

Suber;  PUn,  xvi.  8  «  13.  PR.  cf. 
Hor.  Ill  Od.  ix.  22.  Jtf.  Ov.  Her.  v.  28. 
Theoph.  H.  P.  iu.  16.  K. 

Coctum  is  opposed  to  crudum,  CAS. 
Virg.  M.  xi.  564.  K, 

98.  *  Without  the  throat's  being  braced 
and  strained.' 

99.  Spectator,  No.  617. 
Mbnalloneis    *  of    the    Bacchantes.' 

VS.  Mimas  was  a  mountain  of  Ionia 
where  the  orgies  were  celebrated.  PR, 
Strab.  X.  SCH.  cf.  Schol.  on  Lycoph. 
1236.  1464.  Stat.  Th.  iv.  649  sqq.  (B.) 
A'.  Ov.  A.  A.  i.  641. 

Bomhis  *  with  the  hum.'  PR.  From 
fi0fifiuf  (*  to  bumble,*  Chaucer;)  are 
derived  fi»/Afi«tuXff  Arist  Ach.  831. 
and  ^9ft^uXMs'  Id.  V.  107.  whence  our 
Bumble-bee,  more  commonly  called 
Humble-bee,  and,  provincially,DuM- 

BLEDORE. 

The  first  line  of  this  burlesque  seems 
parodied  from  Catullus :  mtUtris  raucUo' 
no8  efflahanJt  comua  bombos;  Ixir.  264. 
CAS.  cf.  Lucr.  iv.  560. 

100.  Many  expressions  in  this  poem 
closely  resemble  those  in  the  Bacchs  of 
Euripides ;  cf.  735  sqq.  CAS.  G. 

Pentheus  is  here  designated  as  ^  the 
calf;'  for  so  his  frantic  mother  Agave 
fancied,  when  she  (with  her  companions) 
tore  him  in  pieces ;  and  *  arrogant,'  for 
his  conduct  towards  Bacchus.  LU.  cf. 
Hor.  II  S.  iii.  303  sq.  but  according  to 
Ovid,  she  imagined  him  to  be  a  boar : 
M.  iii.  714.  PR. 

101.  Bassctris  is  here  applied  to  Agave, 
from  Beusareus  (Hor.  1  Od.  xviii.  11.) 


an  epithet  of  Bacchus :  the  etymologj  i* 
uncertain.  VS. 

The  car  of  Bacchus  was  drawn  by 
<  lynxes'  harnessed  *  with  iTy-branehfis.' 
LU. 

Manas;  Jut.  vi.  817.  M. 

Fledere  <  to  guide ;'  Virg.  G.  ii.  S67. 
JE,  i.  166.  3f. 

102.  Emcn^  an  eptdiet  of  Bacchiv. 
cf.  Jut.  Tii.  62,  note.  If.  Hor.  II  Od. 
xix.  7.  PR.  Eur.  B.  141.  JT. 

<  Reproductive.'  LU.  Calp.  ▼.  30.  K. 

Echo;  Ov.  M.  iii.  366  sqq.  LU.  Aos. 
Ep.  xi.  also  Plin.  ii.  46.  zxxtI.  16. 
PR, 

103.  '  Any  spark  of  pristine  Tigoor,' 
G.  '  any  vein  of  the  manliness  ra  our 
sires.'  si  quid  m  Fkuxo  viri  est;  Hor.  Ep. 
XV.  12.  PR. 

104.  '^  This  cuckoo-spit  of  Rome, 
Which  gathers  round  the  lips  in  frodi 
and  foam !"  G.  ^  tiiese  nerveless  and 
superficial  effusions,  which  float  on  tiie 
lips  and  not  in  the  brain.'  CAS^  FA. 

106.  In  udo  is  equivalent  to  m  srr: 
(cf.  42,  note)  implying  perhaps  at  the 
same  time  that  these  affectations  were 
relished,  so  as  to  make  the  month  water ; 
which  always  prevents  a  person  from 
speaking  with  force  and  distinctness.  T, 

106.  Cf.  Quint,  x.  8.  PR.  «  They 
give  no  proof  of  pains.*  cHipamhir  fimshra 
calami  immerihisque  laborai  trate  maims 
paries  dis  atque  poetis'j  Hor.  II  8.  iii  7 
sq.  M.  in  versu  fademdo  satpe  eapmi 
sceUterety  vivos  et  roderet  ungues ;  Hor.  I 
S.  X.  70  sq.  PR.  Ep.  v.  4/ sq.  and  in  ▼. 
162  sq.  K.  Rambler,  No.  169. 

107.  No  raree-show  man  shifts  his 
figures  quicker  than  Persius  does  his 
fantoccini:  we  may  therefore  suppose 
that  the  friend,  who  had  been  a  sueot 
listener  since  he  expressed  his  diwept  in 


SAT.  I.  OF  PERSIUS.  889 

Auriculas  ?  Vide  sis,  ne  majorum  tibi  forte  '  ^^ 

Limina  fiigescant  rionat  hic  de  nare  canina 

110  Litenu"     Per  me  equidem  sint  omnia  protinus  alba : 
Nil  moror.     Euge  !  omnes  etenim  bene  mirse  erids  res. 
Hoc  juvat  ?  ^'  Hic"  inquis  <^  veto  quisquam  faxit  oletum !" 
Pinge  duos  angues :  pueri,  sacer  est  locus  ;  extra 
Mejite.     Discedo.     Secuit  Lucilius  Urbem, 

115  Te,  Lupe,  te,  Muci,  et  genuinum  fregit  in  illis. 

r.  11.  DOW  again  steps  forward  to  warn  111.  Cf.  Her.  I  S.  x.  11 — 16.  PK, 

the  satirist  of  his  danger.  G.  Ohseyuium  nil  moror;  ib,  ir.  IS.  M.  Jut.  iii.  183, 

anucoty  Veritas  odium  parit;  Ter.  And.  note. 

I.  i.  4i.  The  French  have  this  idiom  in  their 

QMonon(t.  e.  *  of  things  to  he  learnt')  language  :  *■*"  bien  admirabie" 

ne  jfhma  ataue  arida  tradiHo  averieret  112.  Hoc  Juvat  f  Hor.  I  S.  i.  78.  JT. 


r,  etauree  prmoerUm  tarn  deli-  Cf.  Juv.  i.  131.  M.  i'  You  affix  to 

catas   raderety    verebamur;    Quint,  your  poems'   "Commit  no  nuisance: 

Inst.  iii.  1.  K.  decency  forbids  !" 

108.  Aurkmku;  Hor.  II  S.  t.  S3.  113.  Veteres  Gentiles  serpentes  apptn- 


Fftc/e,  as  core  in  Hor.  I  £p.  xiii.  19.  aere  ad  concHicmdam  loco  sacro  revereti' 

LU»  and  vaU  (but  that  is  before  a  rowel)  Ham,  quos  mystct  suos  ge/iios  interpreta' 

in  ^irg.  E.  iiL  79.  Faso.  Poet.  p.  5.  bantur;  queinadmodumChristianicrucem 

Sis  ilArj  zxiii.  47 y  d.  EID.]  appingunt;  Laurent.  DD,  Everyplace 

Our  author  still  affects  the  disguise  had  its  genius,  who  was  generally  re- 

which  he  put  on  atfirst,  as  though  he  had  presented  under  the  figure  of  a  snake. 

to  dread  expulsion  from  the  tables  of  the  SV,  cf.  Her.  viii.  41,  note  ;   ii.  Li  v.  x. 

rioh.G.  Opuety  vi  sis  vUaliSy  metuo;   et  Flor.  xi.  Paus.  Corinth.  Virg.  JE,  v.  83. 

majorum  ne  auis  amicus  frigore  te  (HY,)  Prop.  IV.  viii.  T,  Macr.  S.  i. 20. 

feriat;  Hor.  II  S.  i.  60  sqq.  YA.  Plut.  Cleom.  fin.  Id.  Is.  Os.  EX.  An. 

109.  We  often  find  attributed  to  the  ii.  2.  16  sq.  PR,  Arist  PI.  733.  CAS, 
threshold  that  which  belongs,  pro-  See  Deane  on  the  Serpent  Worship. 
periy,  to  the  inmate,  cf.  Ov.  M.  xiv.        Sacer  est  locus;  Calp.  ii.  56.  K,  '  Go 
708  sq.  Am.  I.  tI.  67  sq.   Prop.  I.  xvi.  elsewhere,  if  you  have  need.' 

17.  II.  xvi.  23.  K,  supena  civiumpoten'        114.  There  is  considerable  humour  in 

tiormm  limina ;  Hor.  Ep.  ii.  7  sq.  making  the  poet,  after  he  had  been 

(I)  '*  This  currish  humour  vou  ex-  warned  off  the  premises  by  the  for- 

tend  too  fiur,  While  every  word  growls  bidding  snakes,  linger  as  he  retires,  and 

with  that  hatelhl  gnarr."  G.  R  is  called  finally  turn  back  and  justify  his  right  to 

the  dog's  letter,  because  the  vibration  of  remain  by  the  examples  of  Lucilius  and 

tiie  tongue  in  pronouncing  it,  resembles  Horace.  G. 

the  snarling  of  a  dog.  &e  Alchymist,  Ludlhu  (Juv.  i.  20.  165  sq.)  sale 
II.  vi.  If.  irritata  canis  quod  hotnoquam  multo  urbem  de/ricuit;  Hor.  I  S.  x.  14 
pkmiu*  dicU;  Lucil.  Shaksp.  Rom.  and  sq.  primores  populi  arnpuit  populumque 
JuL  IL  iv,  end.  G,  or  (2)  **  Methinks  tribuHm;  II  S.  i.  69.  PR,  I  S.  iv.  1  sqq. 
they're  touch'd  already,  and  I  hear  The  3f.  Id.  Ep.  v.  4.  K,  Lucilius  was  great- 
doggish  letter  B  sound  in  my  ear."  HO,  uncle  to  Pompey,  and  lived  in  habits  of 
House-dogs  were  chained  at  the  gates  intimacy  with  the  chie&  of  the  republic, 
of  their  residences,  with  a  notice  on  the  with  Lelius,  Scipio,  and  others,  who 
wall  cave  canem;  Ov.  Tr.  ii.  459  sq.  were  well  able  to  protect  him  from  the 
Pet.  37.  77.  The  surliness  of  the  Lttpi  and  Mucii  of  the  day,  had  they 
porter  and  the  growls  of  the  dos  may  attempted  (which  they  probably  did  not) 
Doth  be  traced  to  the  coolness  or  their  to  silence  or  molest  him.  6. 
ImA,PV.PM,OR.K.  DP.  115.    P,  Rutilius  Lupus j  who  was 

110.  Alba,    r)  fAf  Xttmif  wn$  kymiw  consul.     The  passage  is  preserved  in 
^Utm»  v^  Ik  pkkM  »utuiv'     Pythag.  in  Cic.  Fin.  i.  PR. 

Laert  PR,  T,  Sil.  xv.  53.  (U)  K,  Muci;  Juv.  i.  164. 


3d0  THE  SATIRES  sat.  i. 

*       J    '    Omne.vafer  vitium  ridenti  Flaccus  amico        ^ 

.  '         Tangit  et  admissus  circum  priecordia  liidit, 
Callidus  excusso  populum  suspendere  naso. 
Men  mutire  nefas  ?   nee  clam  nee  cum  scrobe  ?    <<  Nus- 
quam." 
120  Hie  tamen  infodiam  :  <  Vidi,  vidi  ipse,  libelle: 

Auriculas  asini  quis  non  habet  T     Hoe  ego  opertum, 
b  J  L^£^  Hoe  ridere  meum,  tam  nil,  nuUa  tibi  vendo 
.    '   /  Iliade.     Audaci  quicumque  afflate  Cratino, 

*^^^^^  Iratum  Eupolidem  praegrandi  cum  sene  palles, 

125  Adspice  et  haec,  si  forte  aliquid  decoctius  audb. 

Genumum  frtoigere  is  more  than  den-  '  Such  a  mere  notiung.'  of.  8.  K. 

temi/lidere;  Hor.  II  S.  i.  77.  K.  133.    <  Not  for  that  Iliad  joa  to 

In  iUu  for  in  vaibis :  an  instance  of  highly  prize.'  G.  cf.  4.  LU. 

&9m»iX9uf99.  LU,  '  Inspired  by  bold  CnOmus*  widi  the 

116.  ^'  With  greater  art  sly  Horace  contemptof  folly  and  the  hatred  of  Tice. 
gain'd  his  end :  But  spared  no  failing  CA&  JEypolit  aifue  CraHnut  ArittO' 
of  his  smiling  friend;  Sportive  and  phanegfyepoeUta^mealiiy^fHontmeamU' 
pleasant  round  the  heart  he  play 'd,  And  dia  prisca  virurum  ett^  n  quit  erat  dignms 
wrapt  in  jests  the  censure  he  convey 'd ;  describiy  quodmaiuaaut/ury  quodnuKkus 
WitD  such  address  his  willing  victims  foret  aut  sicariut  aut  aiioqui  famotiUy 
seized,  That  tickled  fools  were  rallied  muUa  cum  libertaie  notabant;  Hot.  I  S. 
and  were  pleased."  DD.  iv.  1 — 6.    Persius  mentions  the  three 

117.  Ridentem  dicert  verumy  quid  in  chronological  order.  Oerfmnf  carried 
petat  f  Hor.  I  S.  i.  34  sq.  LU.  his  boldness  so  far,  that  it  was  found 

AmuH).  cf.  Hor.  I  S.  iii.63 — 69.  PR.  necessary  to  restrain  his  personalities  by 

**  Play'd  lightly  round  and  round  the  a  special  edict.     He  flourished  before 

peccant  part,  And  won,  unfelt,  an  en-  the  Peloponnesian  war,  and  lived  to  the 

trance  to  his  heart."  G.  age  of  nearly  a  hundred,  cf.  Luc.  Macr. 

118.  Cf:  40,  note.  LU.  t,  iii.  p.  227.  Ath.  i.  £us.Chron.  Quint. 
ErcusM  '  without  a  wrinkle,'  LU  x.  V.  Pat.  i.  16.  PR.  G, 

*■  with  well-dissembled  sarcasm.'  124.  The  anger  of  Eupolis  was  directed 

119.  An  allusion  to  the  story  of  against  the  pestilent  demagogues  who 
Midas's  barber,  who,  being  unable  to  were  the  curse  of  his  country,  of.  Cic. 
contain  the  secret  of  the  king's  having  Att  vi.  1.  PR,  Why  the  youngeflt  of 
ass's  ears,  whispered  it  to  a  hole  dug  in  these  dramatists  is  called  nreegrandis  «r- 
the  ground.  VS.  CAS*  Ov.  M.  xi.  90  sqq.  nexj  is  uncertain.  He  lived,  however, 
PR.  Pope  had  his  eye  on  this  passage  to  be  nearly  seventy,  and  is  styled  the 
intheprologuetohissatire8,69sqq.2>iV'.  prince  of  the  old  comedy.  PF.     CleoB 

120.  *■  Here  in  my  book  will  I  bury  and  the  minions  of  the  people  lived  in 
the  secret.'  CAS,  awe  of  him:  G.  and  the  fame  of  his 

Infodiam  was  more  applicable  to  the  writings  had  excited  an  interest  even  at 

ancient  than  to  the  modern  mode  of  the  Persian  court.  MIT, 

writing.  Juv.  i.  63,  note.  M.  PcUles :  26,  note. 

121.  Quis  non  habet  f  We  have  here  126.  Decoctius  ^  less  crude  ;'  a  meta- 
the  sentence  complete,  which  was  com-  phor  from  fruits,  L  U,  or  from  wine  or 
menced  but  abruptly  suppressed  at  v.  8.  other  liquors  reduced  by  boiling.  Virgil 
LU.  Midas  was  gifted  with  asinine  is  said  to  have  composed  fifty  lines  or 
ears  for  the  bad  taste  he  betrayed  in  more  every  morning,  and  in  the  evening 
delivering  judgement  on  Apollo's  min-  to  have  cut  them  down  to  ten  or  a  dozen. 
Rtre  sy .  PR,  nuUeriam voloprittMm esse velabundan- 

122.  Hoe  ridere  for  hunc  risum;  cf.  tioremy  vcl  ultra  queun  oporteat  fusam : 
9,  M,  multum  inde  decoquent  anni,  msUtum 


SAT.  I.  OF  PERSIUS.  391 

Inde  vaporata  lector  mihi  fenreat  aure : 
Non  hie,  qui  in  crepidas  Graiorum  ludere  gestit  ^ 

Sordidus  et  lusco  qui  possit  dicere,  lusce  ! 
Sese  aliquem  credens,  Italo  quod  honore  supinus 
130  Fregerit  heminas  Areti  sedilis  iniquas: 

Nee  qui  abaeo  numeros  et  seeto  in  pulvere  metas 
Seit  risisse  v^er,  multum  gaudere  paratus, 
Si  Cynieo  barbain  petulans  nonaria  vellat. 


ratio  UmabUj  aUguid  vel  ipso  usu  detere-  lying  on  their  backs,  cf.  Mart.  V.  riii. 

tur;  Quint,  xi.  4.  PR,  cf.  46  sq.  Af.  10.  Sen.  Ben.  ii.  13.  Ep.  80.  Ov.  M. 

126.  *  Let  my  reader  glow  with  an  ear  vi.  2/6.  Cat.  xvii.  26.  CAS.  G U.  cratera 

warmed  by  their  strains.' PJR.  This  pas-  Hercnleum  TirynifUus  olim  ferre  manu 

nge  acconnts  for  the  constant  succession  sola  gpumatUeinque  ore  sup  $  no  vertere 

of  new  speakers  in  Persius.     Horace  sofebat;  Stat.  Th.  vi.  631  sqq. 
and  Javenal  profess  to  imitate  Lucilius ;         130.  Juv.  x.  100  sqq,  notes.  Cic.  Leg. 

while  our  yoathfhl  poet  took  for  his  ii.  T. 

model  the  old  eomedj,  and  therefore        *  Half-pint  pots  :'  here  put  for  mea- 

threw  his  satires  into  the  dramatic  form,  sures  in   general.    T.     Plin.  xxi.  uU, 

Whateyer  his  reason  might  have  been,  PR. 

he  certainly  secured  vivacity  and  free-        Arrtium   a    town   of    Etniria,   now 

dom  by  his  choice;    and  though  his  *■  Arezzo.'  Mart.  XIV.  xcviii.  PR, 
succesa  might   not  be  great,  yet  his         131.  The  (xbacus  wan  a  slender  frame 

ambition  is  not  to  be  censured.  G,  of  an  oblong  shape  ;    in  the  bottom  of 

127«  The  Greeks  were  distinguished  which,    counters   for    reckoning    were 

by  tile  sandal  {crepida)  or  slipper  {solea)^  either  ranged  in  grooves,  or  traversed 

as  the  Romans  ny  the  shoe  (calreus) :  on  graduated  wires ;  thereby  furnishing 

GelL  xiii.  10.  stqiiens  crepidas  sibi  num-  an  easy  and  compendious  mode  of  cal- 

Sam  nee  mleaa  fecU ;  siUor  tameti  est ;  culation.  G.   *■  Arithmetic'  LU,  FA. 
or.  I  S.  iiL  137  sq.  PR,    Suet    Tib.        The  economical  sand-boards  of  the 

13.   K,    The  quantity  of  ar^kuidas  is  Madras  School  were  no  novelty  eighteen 

changed  from  »^iiri)«#.  BX.     To  ridi-  centuries  ago.  G.  *  Geometry.'  LU.  FA. 

cule  national  peculiarities  of  dress  is  a  Archimedes  (honitmcuius  a  pulvere  et 

proof  of  a  low  and  vulgar  mind.  radio;  Cic.  T.  Q.  v.  23.  K.)  was  thus 

128.  Bodily  defects  are  ol^ect*^  of  pity  engaged  when  Syracuse  was  taken  and 
rather  than  ridicule.  Plat.  Prot.  rtTt  ^t»  he  himself  fell  by  the  hand  of  a  Roman 
^n  mUj^t  «v)i)f  \wiTtf*4f'  Arist.  Eth.  soldier.  Liv.  xxv.  The  palace  of  Diony- 
lii.  6.  SCu,  The  brutal  stupidit}*  of  this  sius  was  quite  dusty,  from  the  number 
piece  of  insolence  is  happily  dashed  out  of  mathematicians  who  pursued  the 
at  a  "i°g^®  stroke:  "Halloo!  blind  study  of  geometry  there.  Plut.  PiJ. 
man !"  This  is  all  the  wit  which  the  lout  133.  *  He  is  ready  to  die  with  laughing 
can  muster.  G.  if  an  impudent  quean  pluck  a  Cynic  by 

129.  Aliquem;  Juv.  i.  74.  the  beard.'     The5»e  philosophers  were 
Supimu,  Juv.  i.  66.  has  three  distinct  patient  under  injuries  and  regarded  in- 

meaningg.    *  indolence,'   *  effeminacy,'  suits  with  indifference  j  and  hence  they 

and  '  pride.'    Suetonius  joins  the  ex-  were  exposed  to  many  trials  of  temper. 

pressions  supinuSf  cwlum  intuensj  and  CAS.  vellunt  tdn  harSam  lasrivi  pueri ; 

Mtupidus;  Aug.  16.    Besides  which,  the  Hor.  I  S.  iii.  133  sq.  M.  Sen.  Ira  iii.  38. 

arrogant  throw  up  their  heads  in  walk-  K,    The  common  women  were  not  al- 

ing,  80  that  their  race  is  turned  upwards,  lowed  to  show  themselves  before  three 

in  much  the  same  manner  as  if  they  were  o'clock  in  the  day.  VS, 


392 


THE  SATIRES  OF  PERSIUS. 


SAT.  I. 


His  mane  edictum,  post  prandia  Calliilioen  do. 


134.  Edicbim  (according  to  the 
phrases  edicium  ludontjHy  edict um  mu- 
neris  glndiatorii,  fyc,  PHdj)  signified  a 

firogramma  drawn  np  by  authority  and, 
ike  our  play-bills,  announcing  the  pub- 
lic amusements  of  the  day.  It  was 
stack  up,  early  in  the  morning,  against 
the  walls,  where  it  formed  a  focus  of 
attraction  for  idlers  and  loungers,  nenut^ 
qui  parturienti  filia  oUMricem  accersitj 


edkium  et  htd&rum  ordinem  periegH ; 
£p.  98.  MAR. 

Callirhoe  is  just  such  another  woeful 
ditty  as  Phyllis  and  Hjrpsipyle.  G.  cf. 
Pans.  tH.  21.  It  appears  m>m  30  sq. 
38. 01  sqq.  that  these  mawkish  lays  were 
recited  uter  their  dinners. 

Do :  thus  forum  phtealque  Ubtmis 
maudabo  siecis;  Hor.  I  £p.  xix.  8  sq. 
CAS. 


SATIRE    II. 


ARGUMENT. 

It  was  the  Roman  custom  to  offer  vows^  and  send  presents  to  relations  and 
friends  on  their  birthdays ;  and  Persiui,  who  probably  icnew  that  his 
beloved  Macrinus  delighted  in  verse,  embraces  the  opportunity  of  this 
festival,  to  send  him  an  excellent  moral  and  religious  poem.  C. 

Alter  the  exordium,  or  congratulatory  address  to  Macrinus,  1  sqq.  there  is 
first  an  enumeration  of  interested  and  impious  prayers ;  prayers,  which, 
too  iniqmtous  for  the  ear  of  man,  can  only  be  trusted  to  the  gods  in 
private.  ^—16.  The  gross  folly  of  these  prayers  is  attributable  to  the 
false  and  unworthy  ideas  entertained  respecting  the  gods.  17 — 30. 
52—70.  Then  follows  a  spirited  exposure  of  those  extravagant  and 
ridiculous  petitions  for  superfluous  objects,  which  originate  in  ignorance 
and  superstition.  31^-40.  We  have  next  an  indignant  reproof  of  the 
rash  expectations  of  those,  who  frame  requests  for  blessings  which  they 
madly  labour  to  defeat  by  their  own  vicious  excesses.  41 — 51.  (7.  K, 

The  Sadre  concludes  ^th  some  just  and  elevated  remarks  on  the  true 
nature  of  sacrifice  and  prayer,  71 — 75.  which  might  be  written  up  in 
more  than  one  Christian  temple.  DD, 

In  this  little  poem,  which  assumes  a  tone  almost  too  serious  and  solemn 
for  satire,  the  author  had  in  view  the  second  Alcibiades  of  Plato,  upon 
which  tiM  tenth  Satire  of  Juvenal  is  also  founded.  D.  The  matter  of 
llus  celebrated  dialogue,  (of  which  Addison  has  given  a  pretty  analysis 
in  No.  207  of  the  Spectator,)  Persius  hat  compressed  and  arranged 
with  great  care.  G. 


3e 


394 


THE  SATIRES 


8AT.  II. 


O 


HuNC,  Macrine,  diem  numera  meliore  lapillo. 
Qui  tibi  labentes  apponit  Candidas  annos. 
Funde  merum  Genio  I     Non  tu  prece  poscis  emaci, 
Quae  nisi  seductis  nequeas  committere  divis. 
At  bona  pars  procerum  tacita  libabit  acernu 
Haud  cuivis  promptum    est,    munnurque    humilesque 
susurros 


1.  Plotius  Macrmus  was  a  man  of 
considerable  learning  and  warmly  a(^ 
tached  to  our  poet.  He  Htudied  in  the 
house  of  Servilius,  the  tutor  of  Persius, 
so  that  they  were,  in  some  sort,  fellow- 
students.  VS. 

Cf.  V.  108.  Hor.  II  S.  iii.  246.  Mart 
IX.  liii.  4  sq.  PR.  The  Thracians  used 
to  throw  into  a  box  a  white  stone 
for  every  happy  day  and  black  stones 
for  unhappy  ones ;  and,  at  the  end  of 
the  year,  they  computed  how  many  days 
they  mi^ht  be  said  to  have  really  lived. 
Plin.  vii.  40.  Ep.  vi.  11.  Cat  Ixviii. 
148.  Hor.  I  Od.  xxxvi.  10.  X 17.  A',  non 
est  vh^ere,  sed  valere,  vita. 

This  idle  tale  has  been  handed  down 
from  a^e  to  age.  It  makes  indeed  a 
pretty  figure  in  poetry  ;  (ef  si  calculus 
omnis  hue  et  illuc  diversus  bicoiorifue  di- 
geratur;  vincet  candith  turba  nigriorem  ; 
Mart.  XII.  xxxiv.  5  sqq.)  and  not  a 
contemptible  one  in  a  tritical  essay  on 
morality  :  but  the  expression  is  merely 
metaphorical,  and  means  nothing  more 
than  ^  lucky.  It  would  probably  puzzle 
a  more  metaphysical  head  than  ever  stood 
upon  a  Scy^ian's  shoulders,  to  distin- 
guish^the  happy  days  from  the  unhappy 
ones  :  and  were  there  no  neutrals  P  were 
their  days  never  chequered  ?  Did  the 
evenings  always  set  upon  the  fortunes 
of  the  mornings  ?  A  rude  and  barbarous 
people,  {quorum  plaustra  vagas  rile 
trahunt  eUmios;  Hor.  Ill  Od.  xxiv.  10.) 
would  scarcely  occupy  themselves  in 
seeking  for  black  and  white  stones,  to 
mark  the  colour  of  their  fortune  ;  and 
all  others  would  speedily  discover  the 
futility  of  so  ridiculous  a  practice.  G, 

2.  Labentes;  cf.  Hor.  II  Od.  xiv,  2. 
M.  Ov.  M.  XV.  174  sqq.  K, 

Candidus;  i.  110.  JPjR.  Ov.  Tr.  V.  v. 
13  sq.  K. 

3.  Genius  est  deus,  cujus  in  tutela,  ut 
quisque  nntus  esty  vivit.  hicy  sive  quod^  ut 


genamur,  curat;  sive  qnod una geni- 
tur  nobiscum ;  sive  etican  quod  nos gen i- 
tos  SHscipit  ac  tuetur :  eerie  a  gen  en  do 
Genius  appellatur;  Censor,  de  D. 
Nat  The  oirthday  vraa  sacred  to  the 
Genius  alone  ;  the  customary  ofierings 
were  incense,  wine,  and  flowers;  be* 
cause,  as  Censorinus  tells  us  from  Varro, 
(and  it  is  a  pretty  fancy)  cum  munus 
annate  Genio  solverent,  manum  a  eeuk 
ac  sanguine  abstinerenty  ne  dicj  qua  ^ 
lucent  accepissenty  aliis  demereni.  T,  G. 
piabantjtoribus  et  vino  Genium  memorem 
treviseevi;  Hor.  II  Ep.  i.  143  sq.  Tib. 
II.  ii.  8  &c.  1.  vii.  49  sqq.  {HY,)  On 
other  days,  however,  they  d^d  sacrifice 
victims  to  the  Genius  :  cf.  Hor.  Ill  Od. 
xvii.  14  sqq.  {JN.)  PR.  Prop.  III. 
viii.  12.  Juv.  xi.  85,  note.  K. 

*■  Tou  claim  not  as  a  due  with  mer- 
cenary prayer.'  LU.  emax  denotes 
^  making  a  bargain.'  Plat  Euryph. 
staiim  ante  quam  limen  Capiiolii  toMganij 
alius  donum  promittity  si  propinfuum 
diviiem  extulerit;  eUius,  si  thesaurum 
effoderity  fyc,  Petr.  PR,  Juv.  iii.  876, 
note.     Spectator,  No.  391.  

4.  Seductis:  cf.  Tib.  II.  L  84.  (BY,) 
K.  /.  e.  omnibus  arbitris  pr$eui  aws&tjp ; 
Sail.  B.  C.  20.  Her.  i.  89,  note  57. 

Committere :  cf.  Juv.  x.  346  sqq.  Id. 
vi.  539,  note. 

5.  At  bona  pars  hominum  ;  Hor.  I S. 
i.  61.  Thus  we  say  *a  good  maiqr 
men.*  M. 

Acerra :  Ov.  Pont  IV.  Tiii.  39  sq. 
PR.  Hor.  Ill  Od.  viii.  2  sq.  (JN.)  K. 

6.  Labra  movet  metuens  awHri :  ptd- 
era  Laverna !  da  mihi  faUerCy  danuto 
sanctoquevideri;  nociemjpeccatis  ei/ram^ 
dibus  objice  nitbem;  Hor.  I  Ep.  zvi. 
60.  LU.  Thus  the  merchant  prays 
to  Mercury:  da  modo  htcra  mihty  da 
facto  gaudia  lucro;  H  face  ui  endori 
verba  dedisse  juvet;  Ov.  F.  ▼,  689  iq. 
PR. 


I  AT.  II.  OF  PERSIUS.  395 

Tollere  de  templis  et  aperto  vivere  voto. 

"  Mens  bona,  fama,  fides !"    haec  clare  et  ut  audiat 

hospes: 
Ilia  sibi  introrsum  et  sub  lingua  immurmurat :  <<  O  si 
10  Ebullit  patruus,  praedarum  funus  !"  et:  *^  O  si 
Sub  rastro  crepet  argenti  mihi  seria,  dextro 
Hercule  !  Pupillumve  utinam,  qucm  proximus  hares 
Impello,  expungam  I  namque  est  scabiosus  et  aeri 


7.  It  wu  an  excellent  precept  of  some  passage,  and  f^veu  itiu  hin  happiest  man- 
philofopher,  that  '^  We  should  address  ner:  *^  Ohy  que,  si  cet  hiver  vn  rhume 
oanelyes  to  men  as  if  God  heard  us,  and  ta/uiaire,  GverissatU  de  torn  matue  mon 
to  God  as  if  men  beard  us  :**  Macr.  i.  7.  avare  beati-pere,  Pourrtui,  birn  con/esst, 
PR,  Vetendre  en  un  cerceuil,  Et  remplie  sa 

8.  CI  Jut.  z.  S66.  LU.  roga  banam  nmimn  d'un  af(r,'fif>ie  deid/,  Que  mon 
memtemy  itmam  uMudmem  aninti,  deinde  a  rue  en  cejour  de  joie  et  d'ojnttencey  D'un 
cmvoris;  Sen.  £p.  94.  PR.  Petr.  3.  A',  sunerbe  ronvoi jjfahidroit  ueu  ia  dvpense  !*' 

T'idet.  cf.  Jut.  iii.  143  sq.  A'.  Ttie  bien  cvnjemc  is  aamirabU'.)     The 

*•  So  that  strangers  and  standers-by  second  petition  in  quite  innocent :    if 

may  hear.'  HO,  This  is  opposed  to  sibi  people  will  foolishly  bury  their  gold, 

in  die  next  line.  K.  and  overlook  or  forget  it,  there  is  no 

9.  Cf.  Jqt.  X.  SIS  sqq.  more  harm  in  his  finding  it  than  an- 
S^  Imgua.  et  Virg.  J£,  x.  464  sq.  other.     The  third  is  even  laudable  ;  it 

K»  is  a  prayer  uttered,  in  pure  tenderness 

O '  woold  that:'  d  Hor.  II  S.  vi.  9.  of  heart,  for  the' release  of  a  poor  suffer- 

LU.  ing  child.     With  re^<pect  to  the  last; 

10.  JEMlit  for  ebuUterity  by  archaism,  there  can  be  no  wrong  in  mentioning  a 
as  €Uffm  for  eferhmy  camedim  and  edinty  fact  which  every  body  knows.  Not  a 
dediMf  CAS,  vixit;  Virg.  iE.  xi.  118.  syllable  is  said  of  his  own  wife  :  if  the 
PIS.  emcsfl'/ for  tfJVMSSfn/;  Plant.  Bac.  gods  are  pleased  to  take  a  hint  and 
IV.  ii.  16.  remove  her,  that  is  their  concern ;  he 

With  eimSit  understand  animam:  ^  to  never  asked  it.  G, 

tivow  out  by  boiling,'  *  to  boil  away  ;'  II.  '  A  jar.'  cf.    [Livy  xxiv,  10,  4. 

hciu^  '  to  die :'    Sen.  Apocol.  (before  ED,\  Plaut.  Aul.  O  si  umnm  argeidi 

the  midflUe  ;)  Petr.  fr.  Trag.  42.  G2.  JP.  furs  ana  mihi  monstret;  Hor.  II  h.  vi. 

cf.  Cic.  T.  Q.  iii.  42.     Others  would  10.  PE,     n    T»vf  inemv^nvt  r*  «vr«f 

read  eteM  '  would  vanish  like  a  bub-  )i.'|«vr'.   wt  •/    w^tVi^M    umvii.fr;   rin 

ble ;'  homo  eti  butia ;  Var.  R.  B.  i.  I.  ii^v^mr   §Zr§i  yk^  Ua^t,  xiyvrt  Y%  rt 

PR,    '*  Like  a  bubble  on  the  fountain  rdit  wavnf  "  tMs  »!ltf  rh  tnemv^it  rSlv 

Thoo  ait  gone, — and  forever!"  Scott,  L.  |^«f,  rXi*  %f  rts  &{  «^Mf"   ET.    wtXS 

of  the  Lake;  III.  xvi.  33  sq.  cf.  iii.  34.  ymvXtf,   nrm/tm  efutvnf,  »«^   rk$   H^imt 

*  His  uncle,'both  becauseof  his  strict-  AM^vrrtt,  Arist.  Av.  699  sqq. 

neas,  i.  II.  IC.  and  for  the  sake  of  his  for-  12.  Hercules  was  considered  the  guar- 

tone.  V5.  Nothing  can  be  more  ingeni-  dian  of  hidden  treasures ;  and  the  tithe 

mia  than  the  manner  in  which  Persius  of  them,  when  found,  was  his  due.  FJ, 

haa  contriTed  to  frame  these  impious  re-  amico  Hercuie;  Hor.  II  S.  vi.  12.  ( TO,) 

qneets,  and  calm  the  conscience  of  his  Plaut  Most.   Diod.  S.  v.  2.  PR.  r.  44. 

votary.    The  supplicant  meditates  no  13. 'On  whose  heels  I  tread:' a  mcta- 

injiuy  to  any  one.    The  death  of  his  pbor  taken  from  persons  in  a  crowd. 

uncle  is  concealed  under  a  wish  that  pR,  It  was  a  law  of  the  twelve  tables  : 

he  could  see  his  magnificent  funeral !  gi  paterfamilias  intestato  moritury  cui 

which,  as  the  poor  man  must  one  day  impidtes  suus  heres  escity  agnatus  j/rojei" 

die,  is  a  prayer  becoming;  a  pious  ne-  nnu  tutelam  nancitor,  K. 

phew,  who  was  to  inherit  his  fortune.  <  1  might  strike  out.'  cf.  Plaut  Cure. 

(Boileaa  has  noted  the  humour  of  this  iv.  iv.  34.  K. 


396 


THE  SATIRES 


8AT.  II. 


Bile  tumet.     Nerio  jam  terda  ducitar  uxor  T 
15  Haec  sanote  ut  poscas,  'Hberino  in  gur^te  mergis 
Mane  caput  bis  terque  et  noctem  flumine  purgas. 

Heua  age,  responde :  (minimum  est,  quod  sdre  laboro :) 
De  Jove  quid  aentis?  E^tne,  ut  praeponera  cures 
Hunc— ?  "Cuinam?"  Cuinam?  Vis  Staio? — An  scilicet 
haeres, 
20  Quis  potior  judex  puerisve  quis  aptior  orbis? 

Hoc  igitur,  quo  tu  Jovis  aurem  impellere  tantas,     ^A^/iu 
Die  agedum  Staio :  <<  Proh  Jupiter !  O  bone"  clametT 
"  Jupiter!'^  At  sese  non  clamet  Jupiter  ipse ? 
Ignovisse  putas,  quia,  quum  tonat,  ocius  ilex 
25  Sulfure  discudtur  sacro,  quam  tuque  domusque? 
An  quia  non  fibris  ovium  Ergennaque  jubente. 


14.  Bile  tumet.  Plat  Tim.  t  iz.  p. 
420.  Hor.  I  Od.  xiii.  4  sq.  K. 

Hk  avarice  is  shown  by  Ms  envying 
NerinS)  who  had  already  come  in  for  the 
fortune  of  three  wives,  cf.  Mart.  X. 
xliii.  K» 

15.  Juv.  vi.  522  sqq,  notes.  M,  Virg. 
iE.  ii.  719  sq.  PR.  Our  author  here 
exposes  the  absurd  foUy  of  those,  who 
imagine  that  sanctity  consists  in  a  due 
observance  of  the  external  forms  and 
rites  of  religion;  while  they  shamefuUy 
neglect  the  purification  of  the  heart,  of 
which  the  other  is  but  typical  and  ought 
to  remind  them.  Cic.  Leg.  ii.  10.  cf. 
Luc.  Icar.  t.  ii.  p.  781  sq.  J^. 

16.  AlbulOy  quern  Tibrin  mereue 
Tiberinut  in  wma  reddidit ;  Ov.  F.  ii. 
889  8q.  PIJ. 

The  rites  of  the  infernal  deities  were 
performed  in  the  evening,  those  of  the 
celestials  '  in  the  morning.'  Apoll.  Rh. 
Find.  Is.  iv.  110  sqq.  PR. 

Bit  caput  intenntm  forUana  tpargitur 
unda:  bie  tua  faginea  temppra  fnmde 
tegU;  Ov.  F.  iv.  666  sq.  PR, 

Ter  cemU  irroraty  ter  toliit  in  athera 
palmat;  6v.  F.  iv.  316.  PR,  Virg.  G. 
1.  345.  M.  Id,  M,  vL  229.  Tib.  I.  xi. 
34.  Petr.  131.  K. 

Pwrgat,  Ablutions  are  still  performed, 
with  this  view,  by  the  Turks,  acprimum 
pura  tomnum  tUn  diecute  lympha;  Prop. 
III.  X.  13.  omnia  noctisfarre  pio  ptaoant 
et  talienie  tale;  Tib.  III.  iv.  9  sq.  PR, 
cf.  Arist  B.  1376  sq.  PI.  656  sq.  Cic. 
for  Ccel.  14.  Ov.  Am.  III.  viL  43  sq. 


Virg.  ^  viii.  OB  iq.  Tib.  XL  L  9  iqq. 
Petr.  104.  K. 

19.  There  is  great  bitternw  in  the 
cuinam  f  The  man  of  prayer  will  not 
venture  to  decide ;  till  he  hears  the  name 
of  the  individual,  whose  virtues,  as  guar- 
dian and  judge,  are  to  be  weighed  against 
those  of  Jupiter :  even  then  he  hesitates ; 
till  he  is  incidentally  reminded,  that  die 
person  thus  selected  had  defranded  hit 
ward  in  one  instance,  and  condemned ^0 
innocent  in  another :  this  overeonet  his 
delicate  scruples ;  and  he  tacitly  admki 
the  god  to  be  the  better  of  the  twe.  O. 

Who  SimuM  was,  is  not  knofwn :  we 
learn  w  h  a  t  he  was,  from  the  next  line.  K, 

21.  Impellere  <  to  aisaiL'  Tirg.  iB. 
xii.  618  sq.  K. 

22.  Clamet  J  understand  Ainif.  XI7. 
cf.  Hor.  I  S.  iL  17  sq.  JT. 

24.  Juv.  xiii.  100,  note.  K. 

26.  <  The  thunderbolt'  LU.  V\Sau 
XXXV.  15.PjR.  quoeumifue  decidHfiUmeMf 
Un  odorem  tul/urit  ette  cerium  eet;  Sen. 
Q.  N.  ii.  63.  Virg.  M.  ii.  688.  K. 

26.  *£»  %tk  )«M»:  Brgemia  (•'.  e.  iSbm 
Tuscan  soothsayer,)  gives  directkmSy 
after  consulting  tiie  entrails  of  the  sheep. 
CAS.  LU.  cf.  Juv.  xiU.  68.  PR.  and 
vi.  687,  note.  This  line,  in  oonstmo- 
tion,  follows  epittiMbtm,  ri  Mewrs  wn^ 
it^6>Mtt  mm)  Xyrvvkf  JkfifTH  «•)  rae»4 
r0»t  ^^rkt  Ml)  fitmtBtH  jmJ  i«itMM«rt 
)^ir»  rspk  vXXdmH  wtf  ww»ri  d  xSUp  \  mm 

npm  mU   Jhn§9  An«4^*i     W  eunrft,   S 
Zw,  d  M  rar/  ^  hfut  i«N*wt   Luc. 


SAT.  II.  OF  PERSIUS.  897 

Triste  jaces  lucis  evitandumque  bidental, 

Idcirco  stolidam  prsebet  tibi  vellere  barbam 

Jupiter?   Aut  quidnam  est,  qua  tu  mercede  deorum 
30  Emeris  auriculas  ?  pulmone  et  lactibus  unctis  ? 
Elcce  avia  aut  metuens  divum  matertera  cunis 

Exemit  puerum  frontemque  atque  uda  labella 

lufami  digito  et  lustralibus  ante  salivis 

Expiat,  urentes  oculos  inhibere  perita ; 
35  Tunc  manibus  quatit  et  spem  macram  supplice  voto 

Nunc  Licini  in  campos,  nunc  Crassi  mittit  in  »des. 

*^  Hunc  optent  generum  rex  et  regina  I  puellae 

Hunc  rapiant !  quidquid  calcaverit  hie,  rosa  fiat !" 

Ast  ego  nutrici  non  mando  vota;  negate, 

Jnjp.  Coot  t.  ii  p.  ess.  JT.  ci  Lacr.  tI.  84.  <  Withering,  blasting.'  Flin.  yii. 

SSo — iSl.  2.  PR,   urere  also  signifies  injury  in 

37.  Jaea;  Yirg.  JE.  i.  99.  (HT.)  K,  general:  Virg.  G.  ii.  196.  The  eye  was 

'  In  those  groTes/  where  the  ilex  was  rapposed  to  have  a  potent  influence  in 

stniek  and  yon  escaped.  3f.  evil  fascination ;  Id,  £.  iii.  103.  M,  see 

BkknitU,  Gell.  ztL  6.  PR,  Spectator,  No.  19. 

88.  Ct,  i.  1S3.  LU,  Jut.  vi.  16  so.  S5.' She  dances  in  her  arms  her  starre- 
ziy.  12.  M,  Dionysins  of  Syracuse  took  ling  Hope.'  G.cf.Hom.Il.  Z  474  sqq.  CAS, 
awaT  the  golden  beard  of  iEsculapius  at  36.  The  Licini  or  Ucinii  were  ex- 
Epidannis.  saying  that  the  son  ought  not  ceedingly  wealthy:  Juv.  i.  109.  xiv. 
to  have  a  beard,  when  his  father  Apollo  306,  notes.  K,  The  epitaph  on  the  bar- 
was  beardless.  pR  ber  of  Augustus  was  as  follows :   mar' 

90.  '  The  phick  and  the  chitterlings  moreo  Licinut  tumuio  jacet ;    ai  Caio 

wi&  the  crow.'  parw  ;  Pmtpeiut  nuUo  :  qmspuiet  use 

31.  This  lustration  was  performed  on  deoi  f  Varro.  VS. 

die  eighth  day  for  a  girl,  and  the  n  i  nth  The  riches  of  Crastus  were  almost  as 

for  a  TOT ;  and  then  the  name  was  given,  proverbial  as  those  of  Crwnu.  G, 

WA,  Tiie  goddess  of  the  cradle,  CMnma,  MiUU  *  prays  that  he  may  one  day  or 

was  invoked  among  other  deities :  Lact.  other  step  into.'  Virg.  i£.  xi.  47.  PR. 

i.  20. 36.  K,  37.  Cat  Ixii. 42.  Virg.  S.,  xi.  582  sq. 

Motor  «a!mi, '  maternal  aunt ;'  LU,  G.  i.  31.  K, 

amta  is  the  faUier's  sister.  3f.  38.  Rofkad  is  a  stronger  expression 

'  Superstitious,'  liirJwi^iw  Acts  xvii.  than  amaU,  K, 

S2.  M,  Cf.   Claud,    xxix.  86  sqq.  Calp.  iv. 

33.  '  The  middle  finger  ]*  Juv.  x.  53.  107.  The  contrary  of  this  i8,i»,9i«acttiit^i(e 

T.  Dio  Chrys.  Or.  33.  PR,  Anth.  L.  ibatyterramadurebai;  Petr.44.  Themis- 

BU,  t  ii.  p.  528.  JT.  chief  resulting  from  such  prayers  being 

The  officioos  gossip  takes  this  oppor-  granted  is  admirably  set  forth,  Juv.  x. 

tonity  to  effiueinate  me  child.  HO.  The  104.  289  sqq.  K,  *  May  the  Loves  and 

aaeieiitB  thought  m  kommu  saliva  vim  Graces  ever  attend  his  steps !'  XCT.  as  on 

mt$e  adoermu  vcn/efkkik  H  famnnationet;  those  of  the  goddess  of  beauty :  tibi  suave* 

Plhu  xzviii.  4. 22.  LU,  Pint  max  iurba-  dadala  iellus  summiUUftores;  Lucr.  L  7 

htm  Mfmlo  ptUverem  anvs  medio  sitstulU  sq.    *^  A  tefioriscimo  Gli  erbosi  praii;** 

digii9  fnmiemMe  repugnantis  signal ;  Metastasio,  Inno  a  Yenere. 

Petr.  131.  PR,    Amonsr  Papists,  the  39.  '  Silly  old  women  are  no  fudges  of 

saliva  of  the  priest  is  stiU  employed  in  what  is  good  or  evil  for  a  child  ;  CAS. 

the  chrism  iqipued  to  infants  at  baptism ;  and  I  would  never  trust  a  nurse  to  put 

as  I  witnessed  in  one  of  the  churches  of  up  prayers  for  a  child  of  mine.'  3f. 

the  Netherlands,  eliamnum  optasj  quod  tibi  optavii  nuhrisf; 


V    I 


398  THE  SATIRES  sat.  ii. 

40  Jupiter,  hsec  illi,  quamvis  te  albata  rog&rit ! 
>2   ^  tT>.^    \r   P^94^  opem  name ^eorpmqtrr  fidele  senectae : 
^ '  ^     V'  .1 1  .l^^'  9^ ;  sed  pingues  patinae  tucetaque  crassa  ^ — 
Ani^uere  his  superos  vetuere  Jovemque  morantur. 
Reih  stiKiere  exoptasoeMO^^ove  MeFctmamque 
45  Arce^ris'fibra :     ^^  Da  fortunare  penates  ! 

Da  pecus  et  gregibus  fetum  !''     Quo,  pessime,  pacto, 
Tot  tibi  quum  in  flammas  junicum  omenta  liquescant  ? 
Attamen  hie  extis  et  opimo  vincere  ferto 
Intendit :  "  Jam  crescit  ager,  jam  crescit  ovile, 
50  Jam  dabitur,  jamjam  !''  donee  deceptus  et  exspes 
Nequidquam  fundo  suspiret  numus  in  imo. 
Si  tibi  crateras  argenti  incusaque  pingui 

Sen.  £p.  60.  omnium  tibi  eontm  cori'        44.  ^,  Killing  one's  cattle  ia  a  strange 

temptum  oplo.  quornm  ct^tuim  /tarentes  way  of  augmenting  one's  stock.'  LU. 
optaverunt ;  to,  32.  PR.  cf.  Hor.  I  £p.        Mercury   was    the    god,    to  whose 

iv.  6  sqq.  K,  kindness  d^ey  attributed  any  unexpected 

40.  When  they  performed  solemn  sa-  gains.    LU.    Plaut.  Amph.  pr.   PR, 

crifices,  they  dressed  in  white  ;  LU,  as  Horn.  II.  S  489  sqq.  Hor.  II  S.  vi.  4 

emblematical  of  purity  :  Cic.  Leg.  PR.  eq.  Ov.  F.  v.  689  sq.  K.  v.  12.  t.  112. 

Hor.   II  S.  ii.  61.  Ov.  Tr.  ii.  663  sqq.  \n.  62. 
Tib.  II.  i.  15  sq.  JC.  45.  Da;  a  Grecism:    cf.   Call.   H. 

42.  <  Well :  there  is  no  harm  in  this :'  Dian.  6.  Ot.  M.  i.  486.  Tr.  I.  i.  34.  K, 
orandum  esty  ut  sit  mens  sana  in  cor-  After  fortunare  jundentasidfacultaiet 
pore  sano;   Juv.  x.  356.  T.  meas.  LU, 

^  But  these  prayers  can  never  take  4(i.  A«i/M«*ifl  ^f)(«rv  !  *  most  unacconnt- 

effect,  80  long  as  rich  made-dishes  and  able,  or  perverse  !'     Her.  iv.  126.  viL 

high-seasoned  viands  constitute    your  48. 

ordinar}'  meals."  47.  Cf.  Horn.  II.  A  460.  e  240.  Cat 

From  the  receipt  which  is  given  for  xc.  6.  K. 

making  it,  the  tucetum  appears  to  come  48.  Extis,  Virg.  G.  ii.  194.  M,  xii. 

very  near  our  *  minced-meat.' «uw  domi-  215  sq.  K. 

nisparabat  viscum/artim  concisum  etpul-  *  To  carry  his  point.'  L  U. 

jtam  friidaJtim  collectam  adpasruajuru-  Fertum  was   a  cake  or  pudding  of 

letUoy  et  quidem  naribusjam  mihi  arioia-  tiour,   wine,  honey,  &c.  which   made 

bar    tucetum    perquam    sapidisstmum  ;  part  of  their  usual  offerings.  Cato  R.  B. 

ApuL  M.  ii.     It  was  a  very  savourj-  134.  CAS. 

dish  :  esca  regia;  Fulgent,  ambrosio  re-  50.  The  epithets  being  applied  to  the 

dolent  tuceta  sapore;  Callimor.  ib,  G,  money,  which  belong  properly  to  the 

and  perhaps    not    much    unlike  ^  the  man,  make  a  very  humorous  proeopo- 

Bologna  sausage.'  pceia.     '  The  sestertius,  deceived  and 

43.  Cf.  Hor.  II  S.  iii.  288  sqq.  K.  desponding,  sits  sighing  to  no  purpose^ 
Nothing  but  a  youth  of  temperance  is  in  the  bottom  of  the  money-chest,  for 
likely  to  ensure  an  old  age  of  health,  his  departed  comrades.'  M.  ^^  Like 
^^  Though  I  look  old,  yet  I  am  strong  the  last  rose  of  summer  left  blooming 
and  lusty :  For  in  my  youth  I  never  alone ;  All  its  lovely  companions  are 
did  apply  Hot  and  rcbelUous  liquors  in  faded  and  gone  !"  Moore, 
my  blood;  Nor  did  not  with  unbashfiil  51.  Auni  ym^  tv  wvffUu  ^uhi*  Hes. 
forehead  woo  The  means  of  weakness  O.  D.  369.  CAS,  sera  parsinwma  in 
and  debility  ;  Therefore  my  age  is  as  /undo  est;  Sen.  £p.  1  ejctr,  DB, 
a  lustj'  winter  Frosty,  but  kindly;"  *  62.  Cro/cf^  of  the  first  declension, 
Shaksp.  As  You  Like  It,  II.  iii.  M',  from  craiera :  craier^y  Stat.  Th.  ii.  76, 


SAT.  II.  OF  PERSIUS.  399 

Auro  dona  feram,  sudes  et  pectore  laevo 

Excutiat  guttas  laetari  praetrepidum  cor.       |^         «^  i>rv^  ^) 
55  Hinc  illud  subiit,  auro  sacras  quod  ovato   .  S^/LjC.*^-^    ^^  v^' 
Perducis  facies.     **  Nam  fratres  inter  aenos,  "^    y     i  /  ^ 

Somnia  pituita  qui  purgatlssima  mittunt>  {'•y^^V^   /^^  /*"^ 

(B.)  of  the  third,  from  crater,   WB,  give  oracles  by  means  of  dreams.   VS. 

tratera  tmpreuum  ngnis;  Virg.  JE,  v.  Subsequent  commentators  (F^.  CAS, 

536.     The  following  is  a  description  of  PR.  M.  DN.)  take  the  liberty  of  placing 

*  the  bowl'  of  Hercules :  Ceniauros  hahet  the  gentlemen  in  the  portico,  and  silently 

arte  truces  aurumque/tgitristerribtie:  hie  dismissing  their  fair  cousins. 
mixta  Lapitharum  cade  rotaniur  aaxa^         One  of  our  old  poets  tells  us  that  rnons 

focet^  aliique  Uerum  crateres;  ubique  tn-  ^  a  mountain*  cometh  from  movefu/o,  b«r 

gentejt  m&rienfum  me :  tenet  ipse  fureniem  cause  itstandcthstill:  and  a  similar 

Hjfl^enm  et  twrta  molitur  robora  barba;  train  of  reasoning  seems  to  have  in- 

Stat.  Th.  vi.  536  sqq.     The  vases  were  fluenced  those  who  first  gave  the  faculty' 

sometimes  of  silver  and  the  figures  of  of  inspiring  dreams  to  the  fifty  sons  of 

gold,    non  habemus  argetUuniy  in  quod  i£g>'ptus.    These  poor  youths  were  the 

sfMdi  awri  calatura  descendU ;    Sen.  £p.  last  persons  in  the  world  who  should  have 

5.  K.  CAS.  been  selected  for  such  a  province :  they 

53.  *  You  would  glow  with  ecsta.sy.'  were  married  to  their  fifty  cousins,  and, 

«^>^    Tr*^    ^««vr«,   JC'^i**    S*»    rSftm  without  foreseeing  or  even  dreaming 

Xiwmifm  li^Sn'  Aspasiain  Ath.  V.p.2l9  of  their  fate,  had  their  throats  cut  like 

C.  CAS.  so  many  calves,  (vettit  vitnH)  in  the  same 

&4.  '  Your  heart  in  your  left  breast,  night,  with  the  exception  of  one,  who 

over-hasty  in  rejoicing,  would  force  tears  was   roused  out  of  a  sound  sleep  by 

from  your  eyes.'   Cat,  xlvi.  7.  (DOS,)  his  wife:    ^^  surge!"   qu<B  dixit  jitveni 

Jut.  vii.  159,  note.  J^.  kurumas  excussU  tnarito,  ^^  surge !  ne  long  us  tibi  sotntius, 

mihi'y  Ter.  Heant.  I.  i.  115.  M.    Uttari  unde  non  times,  detur;"  Hor.  Ill  Od. 

vratrepidum  cor  is  probably  a  hemistich  xi.  37  sqq.  G. 
from  some  old  poet.  OR.  £^  proposes  following  Acron,  for  want 

55.  Hinc,  ^  from  your  fondly  fancying  of  another  guide,  but,  on  turning  to  the 
that  the  gods  resemble  men.'  PR.  authors  of  the  Augustan  age,  finds  the 

Ofxdo  'taken  in  war  and  carried  in  ladies  only  mentioned.     Wc  will  give 

the  ovation  or  lesser  triumph.'     In  this  the  passages  :  fi^irea  Phusbi  porticus  a 

word  there  is  probably  something  more  rnagno  Casnre  aperta  fuit.  tola  erai  in 

than  meets  the  ear.  G.    *  Compliment-  speciem  Pcnnis  digesfa  columnis;   inter 

ing  the  immortals  with  what  has  been  quas  Danai/emina  turba  senis ;  Prop.  II. 

talen  from  your  fellow  mortals  by  rapine  xxxi.  1  sqq.  the  description  is  carried  on 

and  phinder.'  M,  for  twelve  lines,  but  there  is  no  allusion 

56.  Perducere*  to  overspread:'  Virg.  to  the  young  men.     Again:  inde  tenore 
G.  iv.  416.  K.  pari  gradibus  sid>limia  celsis  ducor  cut  in- 

*  The  brazen  brethren'  are  either  (1)  Unmcatulidatempladei;  signa peregrinis 

the  statues  in  the  Pantheon  at  Rome;  ubi sunt nlteriui coluinnis &lides et stricto 

LU,  t.V.  the  heathen  gods  in  general,  barbarus  ense  p^ter:  qiutque  viri  dodo 

FA*  "  qui  en  effet  smdjrhres  d-peu-pres,  veteres  cepere  nooique  pectore,  lecturis  in- 

si  an  remonie  d  leur  origine."  RL.  or  (2)  spicienda  ptdent.  quarebam  fratres,  ex- 

the  Herma,  which  were  numerous   at  cej^in  scilicet  illis,  quos  suus  optaret  non 

Some ;    and    Mercury   presided    over  genuissettaretu.  quarentem/rustra  custos 

dreams.  PM.  DB.  or  (3)  the  fifty  sons  me,  sedibus  iliis  praposittts,  sancto  j'tusit 

of  .£gyptU8.     Acron  relates  that  in  the  abire  loco;  Ov.  Tr.  III.  i.  59  sqq.  Id. 

portico  of  the  Palatine  Apollo  were  the  Am.  II.  ii.  4.  A.  A.  i.  73  sq. 
ttatues    of   the    Danaides,    and,   over        r»7.  Pituita  is  here  a  trisyllable.  (Fasc. 
against  them  in  the  open  air  the  sons  of    Poet.  d.  2.)  LU.  ^  From  gross  humours.' 

^gisthus  (meaning  of  course  i£gypttis);  PR.  Macr.  S.  Sc.  3.  Cic.  Div.  i.  43. 

and  some  of  these  ttatnes  were  said  to  Suet.  Yes.  7*  K. 


400 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  II. 


Prascipui  sunto  sitque  illis  aurea  barba." 
Aurum  vasa  Numse  Saturniaque  impulit  sera, 

60  Vestalesque  uma8  et  Tuscum  fictile  mutat. 

O  curvffi  in  terras  animse  et  cselestiuin  inanes ! 
Quid  juvat  hos  templis  nostros  immittere  mores 
Et  bona  dis  ex  hac  scelerata  ducere  pulpa  ? 
Hsec  sibi  borrupto  casiam  dissolvit  olivo ; 

65  Heec  Calabrum  coxit  vitiato  murice  veilus ; 


68.  Suet«Cal,62.  PR,  Ivory,  marble, 
or  bronze  statues  were  often  decorated 
with  locks,  which  were  literally  *  golden,' 
and  with  a  *  beard'  of  the  same  materials. 
Cic.  N.  D.  iii.  34.  M\.  V,  H.  i.  30.  V. 
Max.  I.  i.  2.  Lnc.  Tim.  t.  i.  p.  107. 
Fetr.  68.  K, 

69.  In  the  time  of  Numa,  the  vessels 
used  were  of  wood  or  earthenware.  Juv. 
vi.  343  sq.  JT.  That  prince  allowed  nei* 
ther  images  nor  gold  to  be  introduced 
into  the  temples.  Cic.  Parad.  i.  Plin. 
xxxiii.  11.  PR,  Juv.  xi.  UG,  note.  M, 
In  the  golden  age,  the  metal,  after 
which  it  was  designated,  was  unluiown. 
LU.  Ov.  A.  A.  ii.  377  sq. 

The  temple  of  Saturn,  (Ov.  F.  i.  PR.) 
was  the  treasury,  and,  from  the  currency, 
was  called  tBrarium,  In  those  days  large 
sums  of  money  were  weighed  and  not 
counted;  and  hence  came  the  term 
ditpenters,  VS. 

impulit  <  supplanted.'  LU»  A  meta- 
phor from  gymnastics.  K.  v,  14. 

60.  Vestaiet '  of  pottenr,'  because  such 
the  Vestals  used.  LU.  Ov.  F.  iii.  11  sq. 
K. 

The  religious  rites  of  the  Romans 
came  mostly  from  Tuscany ;  CAS.  as 
well  as  much  of  their  earthenware. 
Juv.  xi.  109.  cf.  iii.  168.  M.  PUn.  H.  N. 
XXXV.  43  sq.  46.  K. 

61.  Cf.  Lact.  Inst.  II.  ii.  13.  Ov.  M. 
i.  84  sq.  Sil.  xv.  84  sqq.  K,  This  apo- 
strophe and  the  remainder  of  the  satire 
contain  sentiments  worthy  of  a  Christian. 
M,  Though  Persius  might  have  some- 
what profited  by  the  ethical  dialogue 
from  which  his  subject  is  taken :  it  is 
certain,  that  a  brighter  gleam  must  have 
occasionally  broken  upon  the  darkness  of 
his  mind,  than  the  torch  of  Plato  ever 
afforded  :  that  he  was  unconscious  of  its 
source,  is  his  misfortune.  What  Comu- 
tus  thought  of  this,  cannot  be  told  ;  he 
could  not  but  see,  however,  that  though 


the  words,  in  this  section,  were  those  of 
the  Porch,  they  were  used  in  a  more 
spiritual  sense  than  the  wisest  and  best 
of  its  sectaries  ever  gave  them.  Gr. 

62.  O^i^Av  )](  f$H.  rit  h  ^^iXism  ^mt 
it§4t  •Zem  miri  r£f  iMfarti  J*  trm^  kfun 
^mfifidvtufif  I  Jt  fnw  yk^  Ii^nmv,  «'m»v< 
)iX«9.  •SHU  yi^  i#nf  i^*  kymHw.  5  n  Af 

ri  »^f x«v»r«M  i  Plato  EuUi.  t.  i.  p.  33.  K. 
quid  etum  immorlalUnu  aique  beaiiMgralia 
nostra  quecd  largirier  enuUumentit  Lucr. 
V.  166  sq. 

63.  '  And  to  estimate  what  is  good  to 
the  gods,  by  a  reference  to  our  depraved 
carnal  nature.'  LU.jmdpa  answers  to 
the  tkii  of  the  New  Testament.  M. 

64.  Cf.  vi.  36.  Plin.  H.  N.  xiii.  rir 

»l»Xf)»if  i  wttnv4t'  (Horn.  II.  A  141.) 
Plut  Symp.  Q.  v.  t.  xi.  M.  Ant  de 
Reb.  S.  vi.  30.  (GJ.)  alba  nee  Auyria 
fucatur  lana  veneno,  nee  eatia  ti^^udi 
cornmuntur  una  olivi;  Virg.  G«  ii.  465 
sq.  (MY.  VO.)  K,  Both  the  epic  poet 
and  the  satirist  use  the  language  of  tiie 
old  republic :  thev  consider  the  oil  of  the 
country  to  be  vitiated,  instead  of  im- 
proved, by  the  luxurious  admixture  of 
foreign  spices ;  the  consumption  of  which 
at  Rome  must  have  been  immense  at 
this  period,  since  they  were  infoBed  into 
every  dish,  and  almost  into  every  cop. 
The  conclusion  of  this  spirited  passage 
is  closely  followed  by  Pmaentifis: 
gemntaj  bomA^x,  purpura,  in  carmt  Uium 
mille  quttruniur  dolit.  G, 

65.  The  Lydians  are  said  to  have  in- 
vented the  art  of  dying.  Plin.  vii.  66. 
PR, 

Tarentum  in  Calabria  produced  the 
finest  wool.  Plin.  H.  N.  viiL  48.  ix.  61 
sqq.  LU.  Calp.  ii.  69.  K.  cf.  Juv.  viii. 
lijUote. 

The  mttrex  was  found  in  the  greatest 


SAT.  II.  OF  PERSIUS.  401 

Hsec  baccam  conchae  rasisse  et  stringere  venas 
Ferventis  massae  crudo  de  pulvere  jussit. 
Peccat  et  Hbbc,  peccat :  vitio  tamen  utitur.     At  vos 
Dicite^  pontifices,  in  sacro  quid  facit  aurum  ? 

70  Nempe  hoc,  quod  Veneri  donatae  a  virgine  puppae. 
Quin  damus  id  superis,  de  magna  quod  dare  lance 
Non  possit  magni  Messalae  lippa  propago  :• 
Compositum  jus  fasque  animo  sanctosque  recessus 
Mentis  et  incoctum  generoso  pectus  honesto : 

75  Haec  cedo,  ut  admoveam  templis,  et  farre  litabo. 


perfection  off  the  coast  of  Tyre.     Virg.  ance  ;  which  would  alter  the  case  :  cf. 

AL,  br,  262.  Hor.  Ep.  xii.  21,  M.  Arist  Eth.  iii.  6.  see  aL-^o  v,  77, 

66.  *  The  berry  of  the  shell'  i.  e.  73.Cw///»*/Vww*harmoniouslyhlended.* 
'  the  pearL'  crtusescuni  etiam  in  senectay  Jus  comprehends  *  our  duty  to  our 
comchitque  €u//ueresctfnt,  nee  his  aveiii  neighbour,'  fas  *  our  duty  to  God  ;' 
fuett/U  nisi  lima;  Plin.  ix.  35.  LU,  CAS.  ot  jus  *  what  is  enacted  by  hu- 
Hor.  Ep.  viii.  14.  PR,  /El.  N.  A.  xv.  man  laws,'  and  fas  *■  what  is  enacted 
8.  K.  by  the  divine  law.'  PR. 

Siri/igere  *  to  collect.'  PR.  Sanctos  *  holy,'  *  without  pollution.' 

Venas;  Juv.  ix.  31.  K.  LU. 

67.  *  Of  the  fused  metal  (v.  10.)  from  Recessiis  :  rk  x^wrrk  v£f  Af^^tiirm' 
the  crude  ore.'  M.  va^antur  hi  t*efiaru7n  Rom.  ii.  16.  M.  Theoc.  xxviii.3.  AT.  In 
canaies  p?r  laitra  pitteorum  (*  of  the  this  passage  Persius  may  be  more  easily 
shafts  wnich  miners  sink')  et  hue  ilhic,  admired  than  translated.  His  lines  are 
indenonune  tntento;  tellus  ligneis  colutn-  not  only  the  quintessence  of  sanctity,  but 
nis  SMtpentUtur.  quod effossum  est ytundi-  of  language.  Closeness  would  cramp  and 
/irr,  lanrtiur,uritttry  moHtur  infarinam;  paraphra.se  would  enfeeble  their  sense  ; 
Plin.  H.  N.  xxxiii.  21.  K.  which  may  be  felt,  but  cannot  be  ex- 

68.  '  It  makes  some  use  of  its  vicious  pressed.  G, 

propensity.'  Jut.  i.  49,  note.  K.  74.  ^  Imbued  :'    hxetfvwn  fitfitt/i/iiuw 

69.  In  sacro  t.  e,  l»  l^^  ^  in  a  temple.'  tU  /3«/«f  -  M.  Ant.  de  Keo.  S.  iii.  4. 
CAS.  cf.  Jut.  xi.  Ill  sqq.  K.  Lact.  Inst.  VII. xxi.G.  a  metaphor  from 

70.  Girls,  when  they  were  grown  up  a  fleece  that  is  died.  LU,  Virg.  G.  iii. 
and  became  marriageable,  offered  ^  wax  307.  M. 

dolls  to  Venus :'  Varro.  VS.  A.  Lact.         7o.    The    poor    substituted    *  salted 

Inst.  ii.  4.  13.  Hor.  I  S.  v.  66.  Schol.  meal'  for  frankincense.    Plin.  xviii,  3. 

K.  that  she  might  in  return  bless  their  LU.  Virg.  JE.  v.  745.  M. 
nuptial  couch  with  real  babies.  PJK.  Litare    is   ^  to  perform    a    sacrifice 

/ 1.  The  entrails  of  victims  were  of-  auspiciously.'    LU.     turn    me    Jupiter 

fered  in  these  dishes.     On  the  size  of  faciat^  ut  senwfr  sarri/icem,   nee  ?//«- 

them,  see  Plin.  H.  N.  xxxiii.  52.  K.  quam  litem  ;   Plaut.  Poen.  II.  42.    Liv. 

72.  Some  degenerate  descendant  of  xxxviii.   20.   PR.     It   is  pleasing   to 

M.VcUeriusCorvinusMessala;  Juv. viii.  observe  with  what  judgement  Horace 

5.    who  was  seven  times  consul.    VS.  has   adapted  a  similar  thought  to  the 

Macr.  i.  6,  fin.  PR,  plain  understanding  of  his  village  maid : 

Lippa  denotes  *  morally  blind.'  LU.  immunis   aram  si  tetigit    manusj   non 

i.  79.  K.  If  Messala  had  any  physical  sumtuosa  blandior  hoslia  tnollibet  avcrsos 

defect  in  his  eyes,  would  Persius  have  Peruttes  farre  pio  et  snliente  mica  ;  III 

thought  fit  to  taunt  him  with  it  ?  cf.  i.  Od.  xxiii.  17  sqq.  Seneca  too  says  well, 

128,  note.   Unless  (with  PR.)  we  attri-  (and   Persius  probably   had  it  in  his 

bute  this  disease  to  a  life  of  intemper-  thoughts,)  nee  in  vic/imis,  licet  npinue 

3f 


402 


THE  SATIRES  OF  PERSIUS. 


8AT.  II. 


siniy  auroque  prafiUgeani,  decrum  e$i 
honot;  sea  pia  et  vecta  volunkUe  vene^ 
ranUum:  itofue  boni  etiam  farre  ac  fic^ 
mi  religion  sutU^  Sft>.  G,  And  again*: 
primuM  est  deomtn  cuHuSy  deot  credere: 
deinde  reddere  iliis  majettaiem  firam, 
reddere  bonitaiem^  sine  qua  nulla  mqfestas 
est:  scire  iHos  esse,  qui  president  tntmdoy 
qui  unipersa  vi  sua  temperaniy  qui  humani 


generis  iuielaM  genmi  ihierdmrn 
stnguhrum,  vis  decs  prvpOksref  iimms 
esto,  satis  Uhs  coluii,  quisqmis  tmUaims 
est;  Ep.  96.  cC  Plat.  Ale.  li.  t.  t.  p.  99. 
Virg.  M.  viii.  102.  Prop.  III.  iu.  17.  Or. 
Tr.LU.76.  Pont. IV. viiL 29.  V.Max. 
IL  T.  6.  K.  LUare  is  also  <  to  obtsiii 
that  for  which  yon  aacrifiee;'  t.  120.  If. 
[Liyy  zxiii,  S6,  2.  £!>.] 


SATIRE    III. 


ARGUMENT. 

The  whole  of  this  Satire  manifests  an  earnest  desire  to  reclaim  the  youthful 
nobility  from  their  idle  and  vicious  habits.  It  opens  not  unhappily. 
A  professor  of  the  Stoic  school  abruptly  enters  the  bed-room  of  his 
pupils,  whom  he  finds  asleep  at  mid-day.  1 — 6.  Their  confusion  at  this 
detection,  7 — 9*  aod  their  real  indolence  amidst  an  affected  ardour  for 
study,  10 — 14.  are  exposed ;  and  the  fatal  consequences  of  such  thought- 
less conduct  is  beautifully  illustrated  by  apt  allusions  to  the  favourite 
topics  of  the  Porch.  16—24. 

The  preceptor,  after  a  brief  ebullition  of  contempt,  points  out  the  evils 
to  which  the  neglect  of  philosophy  (u  e,  the  study  of  virtue)  will 
expose  them,  and  overthrows  the  objections  which  they  raise  against 
the  necessity  of  severe  application,  on  account  of  their  birth  and  fortune. 
24 — 30.  In  a  sublime  and  terrible  apostrophe,  he  pourtrays  the  horrors 
of  that  late  remorse  which  must  afflict  the  vicious,  when  they  contem- 
plate the  fallen  state  to  which  the  neglect  of  wisdom  has  consigned  them. 
31— 43, 

He  then  describes,  in  a  lighter  tone,  the  defects  of  his  own  education, 
44 — 51.  and  shows  that  the  persons  whom  he  addresses  are  without 
this  apology  for  their  errors ;  62 — 65.  he  points  out,  with  admirable 
brevity  and  force,  the  proper  pursuits  of  a  well*regulated  mind,  66 — 76. 
and  teaches  them  to  despise  the  scorn  of  the  vulgar  and  the  rude 
buffoonery  of  wanton  ignorance :  77 — S7.  lastly,  he  introduces  a  lively 
apologue  of  a  glutton,  who,  in  spite  of  advice,  perseveres  in  his  intem- 
perance till  he  becomes  its  victim;  88^106.  concluding  with  an 
apposite  application  of  the  fable  (after  the  fashion  of  the  Stoics)  to  a 
diseased  mind.  107 — 118.  The  Satire  and  its  moral  may  be  fitly 
sununed  up  in  the  solemn  injunction  of  a  wiser  man  than  the  Schools 
ever  produced :  ''  Wisdom  is  the  principal  thing ;  therefore  get 
Wisdom ;"  Proverbs  iv.  7.  O. 


404  THE  SATIRES  sat.  hi. 

"  Nempe  hoc  assidue  ?  Jam  clarum  mane  fenestras 
Intrat  et  angustas  extendit  lumine  rimas." 
"  Stertimus,  indomitum  quod  despumare  Falernum 
Sufficiat"     "  Quinta  dum  linea  tangitur  umbra? 
5  En  quid  agis  ?     Siccas  insana  canicula  messes 

Jam  dudum  coquit  et  patula  pecus  omne  sub  ulmo  est." 
Unus  ait  comitum.     "  Venimne  ?  itane  ?  Ocius  adsit 
Hue  aliquis  I — Nemon  ?"     Turgescit  vitrea  bilis ; 
Finditur :  Arcadise  pecuaria  nidere  dicas. 

1.  Cf.  Oy.  Am.  I.  xiii.  17  sq.  Aus.  the  time  from  sunrise  to  sunset  into 
Eph.  i,  1  sqq.  K,  From  the  manner  in  twelve  equal  parts  or  hours :  which 
which  the  speaker  announces  himself,  would  only  equal  our  hours  in  length, 
he  appears  to  have  been  a  domestic  when  the  day  sand  nights  are  equal;  that 
tutor  to  some  of  the  young  nobility,  is,  when  the  sun  rises  and  sets  at  six 
With  the  decay  of  literature  and  the  precisely.  Cen8.rfpD.N.  24.  HO.  Eleven 
empire,  the  authority  of  these  private  o'clock  was  the  dinner  hour  among  sober 
instructors  declined:  nuttc  videre  est  jieo^\e:  Sofia,  prandendum  est:  ^tarfam 
philosophos  ultra  currcre,  id  doceant,  ad  jam  tatus  in  horam  sol  calet;  adquintam 
foras juvcnum  divitum,  eosque  ibi  sedere  fiectiUtr  umbra  nofam  :  Aus,  Epn.  L.  O. 

atqne  operiri  prope  ad  meridiem^  donee  C.  1  sq.  Scipio  Nasica  introduced  the 

discipuli  nocturnum  omne  vinum  edor-  clipst/dnv  or  *  water  clocks.'  G. 

miant ;  Gell.  x.  G.  (7.  Quinta  agrees  with  umbra,  instead  of 

Mane  is  here  used  as  a  noun,  LU,  linea,  by  hypallage.  M. 
Macr.  S.  i.  3.  Gell.  iii.  2.  PR.  5.  Stella  vesani  leonis;  Hor.  Ill  Od. 

Their    windows    were    closed    with  xxix.  19.  rabiosi  lempora  signi;  Id.  I S. 

'  shutters,'  which  were  either  of  solid  vi.  126.     The  influence  of  the  dog-star, 

board  or  of  lattice-work.     Hoj*.  I  Od.  when  the  sun  entered  leo,  was  supposed 

XXV.  1.  {J A.)  K.  to  produce  excessive  heat,  as  well  as 

2.  Exte)idit  ^  makes  them  appear  canine  madness  and  other  disorders.  P12. 
wider.*  PR.  Prop.  I.  iii.  31  sq.  Virg.  LU. 

M.  iii.  152  sq.  K.  6.  Nufic  etiam   pecudes    umbrat   et 

3.  The  philosopher  speaks  in  the  first  fri^ora  captant;  Virg.E.  ii.  8.  LU.jam 
person,  to  give  less  offence.  LU.  pastor umbrax cum grege langmdorirum' 

*■  To  digest  the  froth  or  scum  of  the  que  fessus   quarit,    et  horridi   dumeta 

wine  fermenting  in  the  stomach.'  LU.  Sylvani;  Hor.  Ill  Od. xxix.  21  sqq.  If. 

*■  Falemian :'  Juv.  iv.  138,  note.  Cat.  Nemes.  E.  iv.  39  sqq.  Calp.v.568qq.  A'. 

XXV.  2.  K.  7.  *  Of  the  fellow  students  :'    CAS. 

4.  *  It  wants  but  an  hour  to  noon,  those  young  men  of  inferior  birth  or  for- 
according  to  the  sun-dial.'  LU.  On  tune,  whomthe  wealthy  father  had  taken 
the  day  and  its  divisions  among  the  an-  into  his  houne  to  be  companions  to  his 
cient.s,  cf.  Plln.  H.  N.  ii.  7^  sq.  ^ni-  GO.  son,  both  in  his  sttldies  and  in  his  amuse- 
Macr.  S.  i.  3.  RH,  A.     The  inventor  mcnts.  A'. 

of  sun-dia's  (according  to  Pliny)  was  Ocius.  A  lively  sketch  of  the  manners 

Annxiwenes ;  recording  to  D.  Lnertius,  of  the  rich,  who  have  servants  always  at 

Vitruviu',  and  others,  it  was  Anajri-  their  beck  or  call. cf.  Hor.  II  S.  vii.  34. 

mauiJer.  They  v. ore  introduced  atKome  K.    The  sleeper  too  is  anxious  to  make 

in  the  first  Punic  war  ;   but  they  were  up  for  lost  time,  LU. 

known  crirlierin  the  earit :  II  Kinpsxx.  8.  *T«XM)fff   x*^^  ^^  t^®   medical 

cf.  S.  Ilieron.  on  Isaiah.  PR.  *«/  yet^  I  writers,  from  its  shining  and  gla^isy  ap- 

ytufivf  ffxtu^tt  fist^tir  rh*  iriXtr  [/liraf  T9V  pearance  :   splendidi  bilis ;    Hor.  IIS. 

^ck9>>]   Luc.  Lexiph.  t.  ii.  p.  32(5.  A',  iii.  141.  C^& 

The  Unmans  used  a  natural  day,  dividing  9.  *  He  bursts.*  1^-4. 


SAT.  Ill-  OF  PERSIUS.  405 

10       Jam  liber  et  bicolor  positis  membrana  capillis 
Inque  manus  chartse  nodosaque  venit  arundo. 
Tunc  queritur,  crassus  calamo  quod  pendeat  humor ; 
Nigra  quod  infusa  vanescat  sepia  lympha : 
Dilutas  queritur  geminet  quod  fistula  guttas. 

15       O  miser  !  inque  dies  ultra  miser  !  huccine  rerum 
Venimus  ?    At  cur  non  potius,  teneroque  palumbo 
Et  similis  regum  pueris,  pappare  minutum 
Poscis  et  iratus  mammae  lallare  recusas  ? 

"  An  tali  studeam  calamo  ?"    Cui  verba  ?  quid  istas 


*  The  herds  of  Arcadia.' Juv.  vii.  160,  the  fish  discharged,  when  closely  pur- 
note.  M.  Aus.  Ep.  Ixxvi.  K.  sued,  whereby  it  rendered  the  water 

RHuIere:  the  first  syllable  is  short  in  turbid  and  escaped.  Plin.  ix.  29.  SCH. 

Virg.  G.  ill.  374.  LIT.    The  noise  is  xxxii.  10,y?yi.  i^i^.  xxx v.  25.  Arist,  An. 

produced  by  his  yawning  and  bellowing  iv.  2,  K.     "  He  that  uses  many  words 

for  the  ser\'ant  at  the  same  time.  A'.  for  the  explaining  any  subject,  doth, 

10.  '  The  book/  probably,  contained  like  the  cuttlefish,  hide  himself  for  the 
the  thesis  for  the  morning's  exercise ;  most  part  in  his  own  ink  ;"  Ray  on  the 
*  the  coarse  paper'  was  to  receive  the  Creation,  cf.  Her.  vii.  170,  note  26. 
finrtthoiightsof  the  young  writer ;  which,  IG.  *  A  tender  ring-dove'  is  said  to  be 
when  matured  and  corrected,  were  to  be  fed  by  its  mother  with  the  half  digested 
transferred  to  *  the  parchment'  for  the  food  from  her  own  crop.  PM,  These 
benefit  of  mankind.  G,  cf.  Juv.  vii.  2.*{,  birds,  also,  were  often  Kept  as  pets  by 
note.  Jlf.  It  is  probable  that  waxen  young  ladies,  and  tended  with  the  great- 
tablets  and  the  style  were  not  used,  lest  est  care.  CAS,  Hence,  perhaps,  the 
the  youth's  eye-sight  should  suffer :  word  ["  dove !  pigeon !"]  became  a 
Quint.  X.  3.  Mart.  XIV.  v.  K.  term  of  endearment  addressed  to  little 

Potitisioxiltpotitig;  LU.  Juv.  iii.  186.  boys.     Thus  the  flatterer  calls  the  chil- 

C<api7/w,  which  denotes  *  human  hair,'  dren,    at   the   house   where    he   visits, 

is  put  catachrestically  for  wiVw,  which  nirrtm  *  little  chicks :'  K,  Juv.  v.  143, 

signifies  '  the  hair  of  an  animal.'  CAS.  and  vi.  10.'),  notes. 

cf.  Liv.  t«  iv.  p.  697.  {DR.)  K.  17.  The  wealthy  nobility  were  called 

11.  According  to  Varro,  *  paper'  was  rr/fc*  by  their  flatterers  and  dependents. 
invented  in  the  time  of  Alexander.  Be-  Hor.  I  Od.  iv.  21.  Juv.  viii.  160  sqq.  K. 
fore  which  they  wrote  on  the  leaves  or  Pappare^  an  infinitive  used  as  a  noun, 
bark  of  trees ;  then  on  paper  manufac-  Plant.  Epid.  V.  ii.  62.  PR.  *  pap'  or 
tared  from  the  papyrtts,  an  Egyptian  *  food  chewed  by  the  nurse  :*  LU,  and 
flag ;  and  lastly  parchment  was  invented  thus,  lallare  *  the  lullaby :'  and  velle  for 
at  Perg&mus,  in  the  reign  of  Eumenes.  volurUcu^  t.  53.  note  on  i.  9. 

PR,  cfc  Plin.  xiii.  12.  Hor.  I  S.  x.  4.  18.  Jm/ia*fipactious,'*inapas8ion.'Jtf. 

II  S.  iiL  2.  M,  Nurses  when  they  were  putting  babies 

Before  the  use  of  pens,  they  wrote  to  sleep  used  to  say  "  Lalla !  lalla !  lalla! 

withreeds,(arwm/(t>,«i/a»iw,  undfijiht/a,)  go  to  sleep,  or  suck."  VS.  Ov.  F.  ii.  599 

which  were  knotted  or  jointed ;  the  best  sq.  K.  "  Philomel,  with  melody.  Sing  in 

came  from  Egypt:  Plin.  H.  N.  xvi.  63.  our  sweet  lullabv !  Lulla,  luUa,  luUabv ! 

Mart.  XIV.  xxxviii.  LU.  PR.  K.  Itdla,  lulla,  lullaby!"  Shaksp.  Mids.  N. 

12.  <  At  first  the  ink  is  too  thick :  water  Dr.  II.  iii. 

is  added ;  and  then  it  is  too  pale.'  SCH.  Mamma  ^  of  your  grandmother,  mam- 

13.  The  Africans  used  the  black  liquor  ma,  or  nurse.*    T,     Their  father  they 
of  the  cuttlefish  for  ink;  others  a  prepa-  called  Tata:  Cato.  PR. 
ration  of  lamp-black.  VS.     The  former  19.  Culpnntur  frustra  calami;   Hor. 

Cui  verba,  understand  das,  T.  *  whom 


was  vulgarly  supposed  to  be  the  blood 
[see  Lord  Bacon,  N.  H.  742.] ;  which 


406  THE  SATIRES  sat.  hi. 

20  Succinis  ambages?  tibi  luditur:  effluis  amens.   Yt!/^ / 
1"^  i  •T'         Contemnere :  sonat  Vitium  percussa,  maligne     n  Jfi^ 

Respondet  viridTnon  cocto  fidelia  Umo.  ^"^  •^ " 

Udum  et  molle  latum  es,  nunc,  nunc  properandus  et  acri 
Fingendiis  sine  fine  rota.     Sed  rure  paterno 

25  Est  tibi  far  modicum,  purum  et  sine  labe  saEnuni, 


^*t 


/ 


do  you  deceive  by  such  frivolous  ex-    on  winter  nights,  Ill-«melling  ojlea,  or 
cuses  P  not  me  !'  pR,  some  still-watching  lights  ?   Let  them 

20.  Tibi  luditur  ^  the  stake  is  your  that  meane  to  eame  their  bread — ^for 
own.'  (The  verb  is  used  impersonally  as  me,  Busie  their  braines  with  deeper 
vivitur;  v.  53.  concurritur;  Hor.  I  S.  i.  bookerie :  Have  I  not  landes  of  fiare 
7.  M.)  This  reminds  one  of  the  sapient  inheritance  Derived  by  right  of  long 
speech :  <^  Mv  father  and  mother  wished  continuance  To  first-borne  males,"  &c. 
to  make  me  clever :  books  I  hated.  They    Hall,  II  S.  ii.  G. 

wanted  to  send  me  to  school :  school  I        25.  '  A  competency.'  M,  Not  sach  a 

detested.  However,  they  did  send  me. —  superabundance  as  to  provoke  Nemesis. 

But  I  nicked  the  old  folks;  for  I  cf.  Luc.  v.  527  sq.  K, 
never  learnt  any  thing !"  *•  The  salt-cellar'  or,  as  oar  old  writers 

I^uis  is  a  metaphor  from  a  leaky  jar.  more  simply  termed  it,  *  the  salt,'  formed 

CAS,    Some  difficulty  in  following  the  a  distinguished  feature  in  the  gamitnre 

poet  arises  from  his  putting  the  illustra-  of  the  Roman  tables.    As  salt  was  the 

tdon  before  the  example.  These  familiar  general  seasoning  of  the  food  of  man  and 

metanhors  of  the  Stoics  contribute  to  was  also  used  to  check  the  progress  of 

their  being  intelligible,  though  they  may  putrefaction,  it  was  associated,  from  the 

not  always  be  very  creditable  to  their  earliest  ages,H(pth  notions  of   moral 

taste.  G,  purity,  and  do^uionaUy  employed  in 

21.  Contemnere  \  Hor.  II  S.  iii.  14.  metaphors  too  sacred  to  be  repeated  here. 
VS,  Salt  made  a  part  of  every  sacrifice ;  and 

^  A  cracked  jar  betrays  its  flaw  by  the  hence  the  vessel  which  held  it  aoq;nired 

dead  sound  which  it  yields  when  struck.'  a  certain  degree  of  sanctity  and  was  sap- 

LU,  ikX-Xa  fin  nmt^^t^  as  ittm^mi  x*'^i**  posed  to  consecrate  the  table  on  whidi, 

hm»f0ui/itfmi,  f*ii    eati^n    itwrtftiyynreu'  at  meal  times,  it  was  reverently  placed, 

Luc.  Paras,  t.  ii.  p.  841.  K,  v.  24.  106.  before  the  other  articles:  {macnufaciiit 

Nee  vox  h online m  tonat ;    Virg.  mensas  acUinorutn  appositu;  Am*  WB,) 

AL,'\,  328.  VS,  if  the  salt  was  ever  forgotten,  it  was 

Maligne  respondet  is  opposed  to  soli-  looked  upon  as  a  bad  omen.  With  these 

dum  crepcU;  v.  25.  PR,  claims  to  peculiar  veneration,  the  salt- 

23.  Idoneus  arti  cuilibet:  argil  la  cellar  appears  to  have  been  regarded  as  a 
miidtns  imitaberis  uda;  Hor.  II  £p.  ii.  kind  ofheir-loom,  and  to  have  descended 
7  sq.  M,  cereus  in  vitium  flecti;  A.  P.  from  sire  to  son.  Hor.  II  Od.  xvi.  13  sq. 
163.  cf.  V.  40.  A*,  dum  tener  est  natusy  (MI,  D(E.)  More  cost  was  lavished  on 
generosos  insere  mores,  SCH,  it  than  on  the  rest  of  the  furniture.     In 

Properandus:  cf.  Juv.  It*  IS4«  Virg.  the  poorest  times,  the  most  frugal  and 

G.  i.  260.  Ov.  M.  V.  396.  xr.  748.  K.  rigid  of  the  old  republicans  indulged 

Acri  *■  rapid  :'  Virg.  G.  ill.  141.  K»  themselves  with  a  silver  salt,  which,  with 

24.  Sine  fine:  we  never  reach  perfec-  ihepatella^  (a  little  platter  for  the  oSer- 
tion,  therefore  there  is  always  room  for  ing  to  the  household  gods,)  was  freqnendy 
improvement.  SCH,  If  we  stop  short,  all  the  plate  they  possessed.  When  the 
there  is  every  danger  of  our  going  back*  necessities  of  the  state  obliged  the  senate 
wards.  Plin.  Ep.  vii.  9.  11.  A*  to  cdl  for  a  general  sacrifice  of  the  gold 

Sed  ifc.  This  has  been  the  language  and  silver  of  the  people,  the  salt-ceuar 
of  vicious  indolence  from  the  first  mo-  and  the  paten  were  expressly  exempted 
ment  that  wealth  became  heritable :  from  the  contribution.  [Livy  xxvi,  36.] 
**  What  needs  me  care  for  anie  bookish  Here  it  appears  put  for  plate  in  gene- 
skill,  To  blot  white  paper  with  my  rest-  ral,  fiimiture,  and  establisnment.  Al^ll. 
less  quill ;  Or  waste  o'er  painted  leaves,  G.  M.    The  epithets  appear  to  denote 


lAT.  111.  OF  PERSIUS.  407 


^  /  XSUd  metuas?)  cultrixque  foci  secura  patella. 

•  /tJ^  ^^4.:.  o    A«  Ji^^ 4. 1 i.: 


.-■*^ 


avf 


] 


3<<?  satis?  An  deceat  pulmonem  rumpere  vgntis,    '*^ 
Stethmate  quod  Tusco  ramum,  miUesime,  ducis ;         /'A^^^ 
Censoremque  tuum  vel  quod,  trabeate,  salutas  ?      ti^^    k.^i^    J^"* 
Ad  populum  phaleras :  ego  te  intus  et  in  cute  novi.  ^  tV/tfvit'*^  ^  ^  '^ 
Non  pudet  ad  morem  cliscincti  vivere  Nattae  ?    ' '  X  r  / 

Sed  stupet  hie  vitio  et  fibris  increvit  opimum     J 


be  acquisition  of  this  property  by  fair  tary  pomp  than  service  in  it,  as  they 

jid  honeift  means.  FA*  DN,  ct  Ov.  appeared  in  grand  costume,  (trabeati, 

Pr.  IV.  viii.  33.  Her.  xyii.  14.  69.  Juv.  viii.  269,  note.  FA.)  and  crowned 

FuT.  xiv.  68  sq.   Hor.  I  S.  iii.  13.  K,  with  olive  wreaths.   On  these  occasions, 

ii   the    once    favourite   song,    ^*  Ere  the  knights  assembled  in  the  temple  of 

round    the    huge    oak,"  we   have   a  Mars  without  the  walls,  and  rode  through 

imilar  use  of  wis  metaphor :    '^  The  the  principal  streets  to  the  Capitol,  denl- 

aim  I  now  hold  on  your  honour's  estate  ing  by  the  censors,  who  sat  in  front  of 

J  the  same  that  my  grandfather  tilled,  the  temple  of  Castor  in  the  Forum,  and        '. 

le,  dying,  bequeath'd  to  his  son  a  good  saluting  them  as  they  passed.  Augustus        ^ 

lame,  Which  unsullied  [nurum]  de-  revived  this  ancient  custom  which  had 

oended  to  me :   For  my  child  I've  pre-  fallen  into  disuse :  Suet  38.     After  it 

enred  it  unblemished  with  shame;  And  had    flourished  for  a   few  years,   the 

t  ftill  from  a  spot  [sine  Icibe]  shall  be  emperors  assumed  the  censorial  office 

ree !"  among  others,  but  neglected  its  duties  ; 

36.  Qttid  mehuu  f  being  nuyor  qitwn  and  the  practice  was  soon  finally  dropped.         ( 

ui pouU  fortunanocere*  Lu,  You  have  MAR,  G.  cf.  Liv.  ix.  46.  Dionys.  H.        i 

rberewitnal  to  live  comfortably  yourself  iv.  2.  V.  Max.  II.  ii.  9.  K.                           * 

ind  to  conciliate  the  gods :    the  far  Tuitm  *  of  your  own  family.'  FA, 

«ai»|  ihe»aliens  miico,  the  hostia  to  pro-  30.  *'  Such  pageantry  be  to  the  peo- 

•tiate  the  Penates.  Hor.  Ill  Od.  xxiii.  pie  shown  ;    There  boast  thy  horse's 

8  iqa.  Stat.  S.  I.  iv.  130  sq.  K.  trappings  and  thine  own  !   I  know  thee 

Before  eating  they  cut  off  a  portion  of  to  thy  bottom,  from  within  Thy  shallow 

be  meat,  which  was  put  into  *  a  paten'  centre  to  thy  utmost  skin."  D,  Juv.  xi. 

r  deep  dish,  Tib.  I.  x.  48.  and,  after  103.  Petr.  65.  K. 

leing  offered  to  the  Lares,  burnt  on  the  Potest  ingenium  fortissimum  ac  beans' 

ttaii^.  LU.  PR,  M,  simum  sub  qualibet  cute  latere'.  Sen.  £p. 

«7.  *  And  is  this  all  ?'  DN,  66.  K. 

'  With  airs.'  31.  <<  Art  not  ashamed  to  live  like  dis- 
ss. Cf.  Juv.  viii.  1.  131  sqq.  Prop,  solute  Loose  (Sil.  ii.  56.  vii.  153.  R,) 
v.  xi.  ll.Sen.  H.  F.  338.  iEl.V.  H.  Natta?    But,  alas!    he's  destitute  Of 
uv.  36.  K.  Isid.  ix.  6.     The  Romans  sense!  He  stands  amazed  in  vice !  The 
elt  proud  if  they  could  trace  their  origin  deep  Fa^avne  of  sin  makes  his  heart 

0  Tuscan  blood.  LU.  PR.  Hor.  Ill  soundlj^^HSfThat  now  he  doth  not 
M.  xxix.  1.  I  S.  vi.  1.  Af.  sinnef^Hj^vs  so  grosse.  So  stupid. 

In  this  and  the  nextline,  vocatives  are  that  li^H^^Rless  of  his  losse!    And 

at  for  nominatives :  LU.  the  figure  is  sunk  dowJ^Wbe  depth  of  vice,  he'll 

aUed  anti ptosis.  M.  V.  Flac.  i.  392  swim  No  mnV again  up  to  the  water's 

q.  K.  V.  124.  [Livy  xxii,  49,  8.  ED.]  brim."  HO. 

29.  There  was  a  twofold  lustration  or  j^^LSgft  mM  stupeo]  Ov.  Her.  viii. 

BQiter  of  the  Roman  knights,  censio  and  ^BpPK^f  a  parallel  to  the  character 

rwuvecHo]   the  latter  is  here  meant.  ^^BftaB|8ought  in  Juvenal,  it  will  be 

rhe  oensio  was  held  every  five  years,  the  fiown  (if  Sail)  in  that  of  Peribomius,  ii. 

nvMiwo^M)  annually,  l^Srs#iflr«r/M*  Dio.  16.  But  we  must  do  Persius  the  justice 

n  the  former,  which  was  strictly  a  re-  to  acknowledge  the  superior  energy  and 

iew,  the  knights  marched  on  foot,  lead-  gravity  of  his  descriotion  :  perhaps,  the 

ig  their  horses ;  in  the  latter,  they  rode :  palsy  of  the  mind,  the  deanening  effect 

1  fiict,  the  ceremony  had  more  of  mili-  of  habitual  profligacy,  was  never  more 


408 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  III. 


Pingue:  caret  culpa;  nescit,  quid  perdat,  et  alto 
iDem^rsus,  summa  rursus  non  bullit  in  unda. 
35  I     Maj^ne  pater  divum,  saevos  punire  tyrannos 


\ 


Haud  alia  ratione  velis,  quum  dira  libido      |  'Tjr^ 
Moveiit  ingenium  ferventi  tincta  veneno:    M-^^ 
Virtutem  videant  intabescantque  relicta ! 
Anne  magis  Siculi  gemuerunt  sera  juvenci 


nkilfully  or  more  strikingly  delineated.  G, 
As  Nafta  was  a  name  of  the  Pinarian 
clan,  (Juv.  viii.  96,  note:)  donius  Her- 
ctdei  cvst4)8  Phiaria  sacri ;  Virg.  AL,  \\n, 
270.  and  Peribomius  a  fictitiouH  name 
(Juv.  ii.  16,  note,)  signifying  *  one  em- 
ployed about  the  altar:'  arte  sactnlos; 
Virg.  1/9.  {ib,  186.  hanc  aram  luco 
gfalutty  qu€R  maxima  semper  diceh/r 
nobis  et  erit  qua  maxima  semper ;  ib, 
271  sq.  cf.  Juv.  viii.  13,  note.)  I  have 
little  doubt  but  that  they  are  one  and 
the  same  person. 

33.  *  1  at'  cannot  feel ;  Aristotle  j 
(lalen.  cf.  i.  67,  note,  opimitas  im/tedit 
Hupientiam ;  Tert.  de  An. 20.  PH.  Psalm 
cxix.  70.  ilf.  pingue  in  used  snb.stiia- 
tively ;  LU.  as  in  Virg.  G.  iii.  124. 
PM. 

Compare  with  this  description,  Arist. 
V.i\\.  iii.  .5.    CAS.     ayftts  fn>  avt  iras   i 

«■!«»'  X.  r.  A.,  ib.  1. 

34.  '*  Content  in  guilt's  profound 
abyj^s  to  drop.  Nor,  struggling,  send  one 
bubble  to  the  top."  G.  **  A  man!  an 
heir  of  death!  a  slave  To  sin!  a  bubble 
on  the  wave !"  L.  Richmond,  Annals  of 
the  Poor. 

35.  This  is  a  noble  apostrophe;  poeti- 
cal, impassioned,  and  even  sublime:  that 
it  is  inct!ectual,  is  not  the  fault  of  Persius. 
Well  did  St  Augustin  observe  in  allusion 
to  it,  mojc  id  eos  *■  *  libido'* pttjmiimit  ^^/cr- 
veidi;'  ut  ait  Persius,  "  mtt^lencno," 
magis  intneutuTy  quid  JupMgp^  magnus 
patvr  divdtn"  feverit^  qu€ul^i/id  docuerii 
Plato  vel  censutrit  Cato;  Civ.  D.  v. 
**  None  other  payne  pray  I  for  them  to 
be  But  when  the  rage  doth  lead  thorn 
from  the  right  That  looking  badmrixtt* 
Vertue  they  may  see  E'en  as  she  10,  so 
goodly  fa  ire  and  bright ;  And  while  they 
claspe  their  lustes  in  arms  a  crosse, 
Graunt  them,  good  Lord,  as  thou  maist 
of  thy  might,  To  freat  inwarde  for  losing 
such  a  losse !''  Wyat,  Ep.  to  Poynes. 
G, 


36.  Persius  omnibus  pcenisjquas  tyran- 
fwrum  vel  crudeiiteu  excogUavit  vel  cupi- 
ditas  peftdity  heme  unam  antep<mit,  qua 
cruciantur  homines,  qui  vitia,  qua  vHare 
non  possunty  coguniur  agnosrere ;  S. 
Aug.  de  Mag.  9.  compare  Jut.  xiii. 
CAS. 

Libido:  cf.  Claud,  xv.  165  sq.  K. 

38.  Ocukrum,  in  quit  Plato,  est  in  nobis 
sensus  acerrimus;  quibus  sapieniiwH  mm 
cemimus.  quam  ilia  ardentes  amores  ex- 
ritaret  sui,  si  videreturl  Cic.  Fin.  ii. 
16.  babes  ot'v'os  fori*,  unde  videos 
aurum  :  intus  est  oculus,  unde  videaiur 
pulrritudo  Jtisti/iee.  quasdam  ergo  est 
pukTHut/o  justitia,  qttatn  videmus  oeulis 
cordis,  et  amamus,  et  exardescinins,  Sfe. 
S.  Aug.  on  Psalm  Ixiv.  PR,  si  virtus 
humanis  oeulis  con^ceretur,  w*ros  {tmo- 
res  exritnret  sui ;   Sen.  M,    h  p^tnen 

rttf,  ii  TMfvraf  Inttrnf  ItM^ylg  tfimXn 
wti(tt;^tT9  ttf  i-^n  Ur  Plat.  Phsdr.  cf. 
Cic.  Off.  i.  6. 

Intabescitque  videndo sueessut ko- 
minum;  Ov.  M.  ii.  760  «q.  CAS, 
virtutem  incolumem  odimus ;  snUatam  e» 
ocftlis  quneriruus  invidi ',  Hor.  Ill  Od. 
xxiv.  31  sq.  PR.  cf.  v.  61. 

39.  Invidia  Siculi  non  invenere  tyramu 
majus  tormentum;  Hor.  I  Ep.  ii.  58  sq. 
LU.  Perillus  an  Athenian  artist,  to 
gratify  the  savage  cruelty  of  Phalaris  Uic 
tyrant  of  Agrigentum,  fabricated  the 
brazen  bull,  and,  as  a  just  reward  for  his 
ingcnuits',  was  condemned  to  make  the 
first  trial  of  its  tortures.  FA,  Peritham 
nemolaudat,  saviorem  PhalaridetyrasmOj 
qui  taurum  fecit,  mttgitus  hominis  polUci' 
tus  igne  suodito,  et  primus  eum  expertus 
cruciatumjtistiore  savitia ;  Plin.  xxxiv.8. 
PR,  nee  vero  ulla  vis  imperii  ianta  esty 
qua,  premente  wetu,  possit  esse  diuturma. 
testis  est  Phalaris,  cujus  est  pneter  ceteras 
ufAilitata  crudelifas :  in  quern  universa 
Agrigentinorum  multitudo  impetum fecit ; 
Cic.  Off.  ii.  7.  Juv.  xiii.  192  sqq.  K,  Id. 
XV.  123,  note.  M,  and  I.  71,  note. 


SAT.  iif.  OF  PERSIUS.  409 

40  Et  magis  auratis  pendens  l^quearibus  ensis       / 
Purpureas  subter  cervices  terruit,  "  Imus, 
Imus  praecipites"  quam  si  sibi  dicat  et  intus 
'PvUeatiinfelix,  quod  proxima  nesciat  uxor?  I 
'" '     St0pM  oculos,  memini,  tangebam  par\'us  olivo, 

45  Grandia'si  noUem  morituri  verba  Catonis 
Discere,  non  sano  multum  laudanda  magistro, 
Quee  pater  adductis  sudans  audiret  amicis. 
Jure :  etenim  id  summum,  quid  dexter  senio  ferret, 


40.  Damocles,  an  outrageous  flatterer  avoid  falling  into  Ctesar's  hands,  victrix 
of  Dionysius  of  Syracuse,  professed  to  causa  deisplacuit  ted  victa  Cattmi;  Luc. 
believe  that  the  sum  of  human  happiness  i.  128.  PM.  Sen.  £p.  24.  On  this  sort 
was  comprised  in  regal  state.  The  ty-  of  exercise,  see  Quint.  Inst.  ii.  4.  Juv. 
rant,  (for  all  tyrants  delight  in  practical  i.  16,  note.  K,  ^^  It  must  be  so.  Plato, 
jests,)  to  give  him  a  convincing  proof  of  thou  reason'st  well!  &c."  Addison, 
It,  caused  him  to  be  clothed  in  purple  Cato:  which  speech,  with  a  translation 
and  served  with  a  magnificent  banquet  of  it  by  Bland,  will  be  found  in  the 
at  his  own  table.    So  far  all  was  ad-  Spectator,  No.  028. 

mirable :  but  immediately  over  the  head  46.  ^  My  old  master  (Petr.  55.)  showed 

of  the  mock  monarch  glittered  a  naked  no  great  sense,  either  in  setting  a  child 

sword,  suspended  by  a  single  horse-hair,  such  a  task,  K,  or  in  the  extravagant 

Damocles  lost  both  his  taste  and  appetite  encomiums  which  he  used  to  pass  upon 

at  the  sight,  and  for  a  time,  no  doubt,  the  trash  when  concocted  and  spouted.' 

enjoyed  all  the  felicity  of  a  real  despot.  M.     Praise  is  very  useful,  when   ad- 

Cic.  T.  Q.  V.  ix.  20  sq.  Macr.  S.  Sc.  ministered  with  judgement :  laudatavir- 

i.  10,     dUirictus  eruis  cut  super  impia  tits  crescUy  et  immenswn  gloria  cakar 

eerviee  vendet,  non  Sicvla  dopes  dulcem  habet;  Ov.  Pont.  IV.  ii.  35  sq.  PR, 

tUborammt  aaporem;  Hor.  Ill  Od.  i.  17  47.   These   declamations  took  place 

aqq.  LU.  PR,  G.  every  week.  Quint,  ii.  7.  x.  6.  PR, 

Lofuear  was  a  ceiling,  divided  into  *■  Perspiring  with  anxiety.'  cf.  Stat 

square  sunk  panels  adorned  with  carv-  S.  V.  iii.  215  sqq.  K, 

ing,  gilding,  and  paintings.  Hor.  II  Od.  48.  ^  And  well  he  might.'  M, 

XVI.  11.  J  A,  LU,  The  talus  was  a  cube,  (except  that  it 

41.  Imus!  cf.  Juv.  x.  94,  note.  PR,  had  only  four  flat  sides:  the  two  others, 
43.    lUe  dement^  et  jamprideni    ad  which   were  opportite,  being  rounded) 

poenam  exitiumque  praeceps;  Cic,  with  figures  on  four  of  the  sides:  the 

dt  Hsr.  B.  24.  numbers  were  the  ace  (unio,  or  canis), 

43.  Strangulat  inclusus  dotory  aique  the  trey  {temio)^  the  cater  {quatemio)^ 
ex^sjyai  mius ;  Ov.  Tr.  Y .  i.  63.  PR,  and  the  nee  («eM<o),  which  was  opposite 
mediatfme  fraudes  palluii  audax;  Hor.  to  the  ace.  The  ace  was  a  losing  throw, 
III  Do.  xxvii.  27  sq.  M,  The  torments  the  sice  a  whining  one :  nisi  parva 
of  a  gniity  conscience  are  well  depicted  felicitas  tibi  videiur  vincere  aletiy  et  cum, 
by  Cioero,  S.  Rose.  Am.  24.  and  Pis.  aliis  in  tmionem  evolvitur^  tibi  semper  se- 
20.  K,  ''  And  withers  at  the  heart,  and  nionem  emergere;  Isid.  xviii.  Q^,  They 
dares  not  show  His  bosom  wife,  the  did  not  play  with  a  pair  of  dice,  as  we 
secret  of  his  woe !"  G,  do,  bat  with  four.    Augustus  in  a  letter 

44.  '  I  used  to  touch  my  eyes  with  to  Tiberius  mentions  the  game :  inter 
oil,  to  make  the  master  believe  that  they  ccenam  lusimus  y^^amtuff.  talis  enim 
were  sore.'  LU,  c£  Ov.  A.  A.  i.  662.  Jactatisy  id  quisque  canem  out  senionem 
(BU,)  K,  miseraty  in  smgulos  talos  singttlos  denarios 

46.  Co/oof  Utica;  who  sided  with  the  in  medium  conferehaty  quos  tollebat  uni- 

party  of  Pompey  even  in  their  defeat,  versos  qui  Venerem  jecerai ;  Suet.  Aug. 

and  after  deliberation  slew  himself  to  71.  T>ni/«  was  when  ace,  trev,  cater,  and 

3g 


410 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  III. 


■  *■.. 


■•1 


4. 


Scire  erat  in  voto ;  daimiosa  canicula  quantum 
50  Raderet ;  angustae  collo  non  fallier  orcas ; 
^         Neu  quis  callidior  buxum  torquere  flagello. 

Haud  tibi  inexpertum  curvos  deprendere  mores, 
^' '  ^  wuasque  docet  sapiens  bracatis  ilUta  Medis 
«^  :  Fdftious;  insomnis  quibus  et  detonsa  juventus      if  y^  , ) 
55  Invigilat,  siliquis  et  grandi  pasta  polenta,    ou^   r    ^*^^«j^ 


sice  were  thrown  at  one  cast:  ^n^iMf 

Am.  t.  ii.  p.  415.  Ov.  A.  A.  ii.  204  sqq. 
Tr.  ii.  471  sqq.  canes  or  canicula  is  sup- 
posed to  be  when  all  four  turned  up  the 
same.  Herodotus  attributes  the  inven- 
tion of  the  game  to  the  Lydians :  L  26. 
cf.  A,  iii.  21.  RHy  xx.  27.  T,  v.  6. 
xxvii.  3.  KN,  pt.  2.  bk.  v.  p.  249.  Sen. 
Apoc.  134.  (FR.)  CAS,  PR.  AD,  K.  G. 
It  would  seem  that  there  were  different 
ways  of  playing  with  the  iaii,  as  there 
are  a  great  variety  of  games  at  cards ; 
that  of  Augustus  seems  to  have  been  not 
much  unlike  our  te-totum,  (with  the  let- 
ters P,  T,  N,  H ;)  for  every  ace  or  sice 
they  put  so  many  sixpences  into  the  pool, 
(P)  caters  and  treys  either  went  for  no- 
thing (N)  or  for  taking  up  so  many  six- 
?ence8 ;  and  Venus  was  (T)  take  up  all. 
n  the  game  referred  to  in  the  text,  what 
was  taken  up  or  put  down  appears  (as 
at  Loo)  to  have  depended  on  the  state 
of  the  pool,  and  therefore  the  subjunctive 
moods  ferrei  and  raderet  are  used. 

50.  Raderet,  Mart  XIII.  i.  5  sqq.  K. 
is  a  very  expressive  word  to  denote  the 
sweeping  of  the  stakes. 

The  next  sport  was  a  superior  kind 
of  cherrypit,  where  the  boys,  instead  of 
pitching  cherry-stones  into  a  hole  in  the 

f round,  chucked  nuts  into  ajar :  (Hor. 
I  S.  iv.  QQ.)  tfos  fuoque  tape  cavum 
tpatio  dtstante  toeaiuTj  m  fuod  missa  levi 
nvx  cadU  una  manu;  Ov.  Nux,  85  sq. 
LU.  PR.  Hor.  II  S.  vii.  17.  /T.  h 
T(»9'm  »MX§yfil9n  wrtuhk  ytyftrm  fih  «« 
W    vXv    %t     m^TfmydXsn,   §tt    mfii9rtt 

tfXXaMtf  M  mm}  AMuXtsg  mmi  fimXdfMt  J^i 
Titf  mrr0myAXan  §S  ft^rrtSfrig  Ivm^m*** 
Poll.  IX.  viL  103.  CAS. 

51.  ^  The  whipping-top'  made  of 
'  box.'  SCH.  Virg.  JE.  vii.  378  sqq. 
and  Tib.  I.  v.  3.  (HY,)  PR. 

52.  Curvos  *  which  deviate  from  the 
straight  rule  of  right'  M. 


'  Ton  are  no  child:  yoa  ought  to 
know  better  than  to  waste  your  time  in 
trifles.  VThat  end  do  you  propose  to 
yourself?'  cf.  Hor.  I  Ep.  xviii.  96  sqq. 
Epict.  50.  K. 

53.  The  epithet  sapiens  is  transferred 
from  the  philosophers  to  their  place  of 
meeting.  LU.  cf.  Hor.  II  S.  ii.  43  sqq. 
A* 

Bracatis;  Juv.  ii.  169,  note.  M.  Xen. 
Cyr.  VIII.  m.  13.  JEX.  V.  H.  xii.  32. 
{PER.)  K. 

'H  flr«i»/Xif  0T$k, '  painted'  by  Mycon 
and  his  son  Polygnotus,  with  the  battles 
of  the  Greeks  against  the  Medes  and 
Persians.  LU.  cf.  Laert  vii.  5.  Plin.  H. 
N.  XXXV.  9.  Diod.  vi.  9.  Herod.  Plat 
Cim.  4.  Pi2.  kuic  (MiHiadi)  ialU  ktmse 
tribuius  est  in  porticUy  quet  poeeile 
vocatur,  guumpugna  depingerelw  Mara- 
tAonis;  ui  in  decern  prceionan  numeroy 
mi'ma  ^fus  imago  poneretur ;  C.  Nep.  6. 
This  porch  formed  the  favourite  retreat 
of  Zeno  and  his  followers,  who  were 
thence  denominated  Stoics.  Besides  the 
fresco  paintings,  there  were  parts  of  the 
grand  design  painted  on  panels  by  Poly- 
gnotus and  hung  along  the  walls.  These 
were  extant  in  the  fourth  century :  but 
one  Antioohus,  proconsul  of  Achaia  in 
the  reign  of  Arcadius  and  Honorins,  was 
annoyed  at  the  preference  which  the 
Stoics  showed  to  the  porch  above  the 
temples  of  the  gods;  and,  by  way  of 
humbling  them,  ne  had  the  tablets  torn 
down  and  defaced  the  other  paintings. 
After  this  exploit,  can  we  wonder  that 
he  was  a  partizan  of  the  Goths  and 
threw  open  the  passes  of  Thermopyle 
to  those  barbarians?  Zosim.  Pans.  i. 
15.  CAS.  K.  Q. 

54.  Detonsa:  cf.  Jnv.  ii.  16.  PR. 
Luc.  Vit  Auct  20.  Hermot.  18.  A'. 

55.  Grandi;  showing  that  the  severt 
discipline  (Luc.  Nigr.  27  sq.)  agreed 
with  them.  CAS, 

Polenta;  PUn.  xviii.  7.  xxii.  26,  PR. 
Juv.  xi.  58  sq.  Hor.  II  Ep.  i«  183.  K, 


SAT.  III.  OF  PERSIUS.  411 

£t  tibi,  quae  Samios  diduxit  litera  ramos, 

Surgentem  dextro  monstravit  limite  callem. 

Stertis  adhuc?  laxumque  caput  compage  soluta  ^   ,^  /.V7/ 

Oscitat  hegternum,  dissutis  undique  malb?    y^^^,-  I 

60  Est  aliquid  quo  tendis  et  in  quod  dirigis  arcum  ?  ^^^^^^j  /       ^ 
\     \Aii  passim  sequeris  conros  Jiestggue  lutoque,  Uvjr  j,/-*  •t--^'-'*     ^ 
.  '  Stciirfid  quo  pes  ferat,  atque  ex  tempore  vivis?        ^ 
*'^      ^'^-fflSefiworum  frustra,  quum  jam  cutis  segra  tumebit, 

Poscentes  videas.     Venienti  occurrite  morbo. 
65  Ecquid  opus  Cratero  magnos  promittere  montes  ? 

Discite,  o  miseri,  et  causas  cognoscite  rerum  ; 

Quid  sumus  ?  et  quidnam  victuri  gignimur?  ordo 

M.  PythagoraSy  the  Samian,  selected        63.  ^  In  a  confirmed  dropsy,  remedies 

tlie  leter  T  as  the  sjmbol  of  human  life,  come  too  late.'  LU,  cf.  Flin.  xxv.  5  » 

The  part  during  which  the  character  is  22.  Gell.  xvii.  16.  PR,   Petr.  88.  V. 

unformed,  is  typified  hy  the  stem  ;  the  Max.  viii.  6.  K, 

right  hand  hranch,  which  is  the  finer  of        64.  Prtndpiis  obsta  :    sero  medicina 

the  two,  represents  the  path  of  Virtue,  partUur^  cum  mala  per  longtu  invaluere 

the  other  that  of  Vice.  SV.    The  fancy  moras;  Ov.  R.  A.  91  sq.  Sf. 
took  mightily  with  the  ancients,  cf.  v.        65.  Craierusy  like  all  the  physicians 

34.  lUera  I^Aagontj  dUcrimine  tecta  in  fashionable  practice  at  Rome,  was  a 

biconUy  hunuauB  vikB  meciem  pra/erre  Greek ;  he  is  mentioned  both  by  Cicero, 

videimr;  Mart.  Laert.  Pnilostr.  iv.  Lact.  Att.  xii.  13  sq.  and  Horace,  II  S  iii.  161. 

Ti«  3.  Hes.  O.  D.  286  sqq.  Plat  Rep.  and  said  to  have  been  physician   to 

ii.  t.  ▼!.  p.  220.  Xen.  M.  II.  i.  20.  Sil.  Augustus.   There  were  practitioners,  in 

XT.  18  sqq.  Anth.  L.  BU,  t,  ii.  p.  416.  the  poet's  age,  whose  credit  and  whose 

Ep.    cxl.   SCH»    CAS,    PR,    K.    Q,  fees  were  equal  to  those  of  Craterus,  and 

Plfihagwit  Hmum  ramis  pateo  ambiguis  whose  names  would  therefore  have  fur- 

T  ;  Ana.  Id.  xii.  nished  as  apt  an  example  :  but  Persius 

67'  Mm^  Tk  Ml)  S^tt  «7^«#'  Hes.  O.  could  never  keep  his  thoughts,  nor  his 

P.  288.  cf.  Jnv.  X.  363  sq.  K,  fingers  from  Horace.     It  is  curious  to 

5S,  '  And  are  you  still  snoring,  and  learn,  from  the  elder  Pliny,  thataphysi- 

Dodding,  and  gaping P'  LU,  cian  in  repute  made  nearly  as  much 

HBTlhcUando  evcmorat  et  edormii  he*-  money  by  his  practice,  in  Rome,  as  is 

iemam  crapulam;  Mart  M,  now  made  b^  the  most  popular  of  the 

60.  *  Instead  of  any  definite  aim,'  profession  with  us :  he  notices  several 
(Cic.  de  Fin.  unam  tetnel,  ad  quam  vivasy  whose  fees  amounted  to  five  or  six  thou- 
rtgtUam  prendey  et  ad  hanc  omnem  vitam  sand  a  year.  O,  PR, 

tuam  ejcteqma;  Sen.  £p.20.  cf.  M.  Anton.        66,  Felix  qiti  potuit  rertim  cognoscere 

ii.  7.  IL)    *  You  amuse  yourself  with  causas;   Virg.  G.  ii.  490.  LU.  cf.  S. 

purming  the  most  trivial  objects  ;   and  Aug.  Civ.  D.  ii.  6.  PR.  Hor.  I  Ep.  ii. 

instead  of  stringing  and  bending  your  67  nqq.  ib,  xviii.  96  sqq.  R,     In  what 

bow,  which  might  be  of  some  service,  follows,  besides  the  Greek  philosophers, 

Tou  arm  yourself  with  potsherds   and  the  poet  had  in  view  Cicero  and  perhaps 

Inrnpa  of  dirt,  which  never  yet  brought  Seneca.     From  the  treatise  de  Finilnis 

any  game  to  the  ground.'  LU,  CAS,  he  has  drawn  largely.   He  has,  however, 

61.  Tik  inTifitm  h^»us,  CAS,  like  exprei»8ed  the  sense  of  his  eloquent  but 
children,  who  fancy  they  shall   catch  wordy  masters  with  admirable  force  and 

;    birds  by  putting  salt  upon  their  tails.  Jtf,  brevity,  and  haa  given  a  beautiful  sum- 

*  You  engage  in  a  wild-goose  chase.'  mary  of  the  pure  ethics  of  his  school.  G. 

62.  £r<«ig»re*  without  one  thought  67.  TpH^t  ^fvrir  Juv.  xi.  27.  PJB* 
for  the  morrow.'  LU,  On  self-knowledge,  cf.  Plat.  Ale.  i.  I.  v. 


J 


412  THE  SATIRES  sat.  hi. 

Quis  datus?  aut  metee  qua  mollis  flexus  et  unde  ?     /     ,       , 
Quis  modus  argento?  quid  fas  optare?  quid  yper  ^4^  '  .**■• 
70  Utile  numus  habet?  patriae  carisque  propinquis  ^ 

"•   Quantum  elargiri  deceat?  quem  te  deus  esse 
' '  '■  -  Jndsit?  et  humana  qua  parte  locatus  es  in  re? 

-      I  •■   IXsce';  neque  invideas,  quod  multa  fidelia  putet 

-J  In  locu£lete^nu,  defensis  pinguibus  Umbrisi 

^  ^  *  *^-  75  fitpiper  et  pemse,  Marsi  monimenta  elientis,    '  ^*  *        ^  ^ 

/i  >t  <..         Msenaque  quod  prima  nondum  defecerit  orca.        < :  ■  ■ 
Hic  aliquis  de  gente  hircosa  centurioBum       ^    . 

p.  66.  65.  itaqite^  quantum  potnemuSy  ab  impressed  upon  it,  T,  from  the  figures 

ilia fortunaresiliamus^qvod sola pr<B9iabit  standing  in  relief.  Jav.  xiv.  62.  M.  non 

tut  ruUurteque  a^nitio.  sciat^  quo  iiurus  voles  quod  debeo,  nisi  in  ttspero  et  proio, 

sit,  unde  ortus ;   quod  illi  bonum,  quod  accipere;  Sen.  £p.  19.  (GRU.)  K. 

malum  sit;  qttid petal,  quid  devitet;  qua  70.  Cf.  Cic.  OJBT.  i.  17*  Hor.  II  S.  ii. 

sit  ilia  ratio,  qua  appetetuia  acfugienda  100  sqq.  K, 

discernat,   qua  cupitlitatum  matuuescU  71.  *  What  character  God  ha*  assigned 

insania,  timorum  savitia  cowpescitnr ;  you.'    ^Mnni  ^ag  i  ^Mft  »^  trtdynt*^  4 

Sen.  £p.  82.  K,    There  is  the  following  fiitt  <r«/{iiir  ri^y  svtHHit  fttrmhitf  <t  fif* 

epitaph  in  one  of  the  churchyards  at  r««  iHuvMs :    cf.  Epict.  17.  K,     These 

Heading:   quis  sum,  qualis  eram,  quid  lines,  and  especially  the  word  Deus^ 

era,  tu  mifte  rogare ;  nil  mea  vita  refert;  seem  to  he  of  that  high  strain  of  diyinity 

ducere  disce  tuam,  (for  a  heathen),  which  Plato  reached 

Quidnam  viduri  alludes  either  to  the  when  he  affirmed  that,  when  he  said 

shortness  of  life,  (Aor,9i/(N/t*/n>/{7^,/>ro.ri-  Gods,  he  was  not  in  earnest.  HO, 

mum  nihilo  est,  et  tamen  late  disponetur;  72.  *  In  what  station  yon  are  posted 

Sen.  Kp.  99.)  or  to  the  end  and  ohject  {rtrayftiff*    ct,  Cic.  Sen.  20.  iC)    in 

of  it ;  cf.  Juv.  viii.  84,  note.  K,  human  life.'   A  metaphor  from  soldiere. 

*  "VVTiat  is  the  arrangement  of  fate :  (cf.  PR, 

M.  Anton,  iv.  46.)  and  what  is  the  dis-  73.  Cf.  Sen.  Ep.  17.  K, 

position  and  concatenation  of  good  and  Multa  fidelia  as  muUa  victima;  Virg. 

evil  estahlished  hy  the  law  of  nature.*  E.  i.  35.  A'.     The  fees  of  the  lawrert 

cf.  Epict  29.  Xen.  M.  II.  i.  18  s<iq.  K,  were  taken  chiefly  in  kind:  cf.  Jut.  rii. 

68.  *  There  are  many  periods  of  life  119  sqq.  G.   *  The  jars  stunk'  from  their 

as  critical  as  the  end  of  the  stadium  in  having  more  good  things  than  the  advo- 

the  chariot  race,  where  the  nicest  judge-  cate  could  consume.  LU,  This  and  the 

ment  is  required  in  turning  the  corner,  following  lines  afford   an  exam]Je  of 

If  we  pull  the  inner  rein  too  soon  or  too  alliteration,  cf.  92  sq. 

sharply,  we  shall  infallihly  run  foul  of  74.  TheUmhrianswere  a  very  ancient 

the  post ;  if,  on  the  other  hand,  we  hold  people  of  Italy  :   Plin.  iii.  14.     Their 

too  loose  a  rein,  our  antagonist  will  cut  country  is  now  the  duchy  of  Spolentaoo. 

us  out  and  get  the  start  of  ils.'  T.  LU,  PR.  Cat.  xxvii.  11.  Prop.  I.xxii.Ssq.  Jf. 

PR.  metaque  fervidis  evitata  rotis;  Hor.  76.  The  Marsians  were  a  people  of 

I  Od.  i.  4  sq.  M.     Or  it  may  refer  to  Apulia;  Plin. iii.  11.  whose  conntry  wi» 

death,  spat  turn  vita  extremum;  Juv.  x.  famous  for  its  wild  hoars.  PR. 

358.  Pind.  N.  vi.  10  sqq.  Virg.  A\.  x.  76.  Mana;  Plin.  H.  N.  ix.  26.  CAS. 

471.  xii.  646.  Ov.  Liv.  A.  35/.   com-  *  Fresh  jars  come  in,  before  you  haTe 

pared  with  Sen.  Ep.  30.  Cic.  Fam.  iv.  finished  your  first'  LU, 

6.  M.  Ant.  iv.  48.  50.  Plat.  Ap.  Soc.  t  77.  These  captains  (Hor.  I  S.  vi.  73.) 

i.  p.  93.  Cic.  T.  Q.  i.  41.  K,  thought  the  grand  characteristic  of  a 

69.  Juv.  xiv.  316  sqq,  notes.  K,  soldier  was  contempt  of  all  cultiTation, 

Quid  fas?  ii.  throughout  PR,  whether  of  mind  or  of  body;  (Juv.  xiv. 

*■  Money'  is  ^  rough'  with  the  stamp  194  sq.)  consequently  they  could  not  be 


1/fx  t' 


SAT.  III.     .  OF  PERSIUS.  413 

Dicat  <<  Quod  satis  est,  sapio  mihi :  non  ego  euro 
Esse,  quod  Arcesilas  serumnosique  Solones, 

80  Obstipb  capite  et  figentes  lumine  terrain,  /, 

Munnura  quum  secum  et  rabiosa  silentia  rodunt      '^ ' 
Atque  exporrecto  trutinantur  verba  labello,  *<^**'    ^ 

iElgroti  veteris  meditantes  somnia:  ^t^7^^  ',.*.'%       '    in^y* 

De  nifiilo  nihil,  in  nihilum  nil  posse  reverti.  $•  *  //  .;.  c  A.^- 

85  Hoc  est,  quod  palles?  cur  quis  non  prandeat,  hoc  est?' 
His  populus  ridet  multumque  torosa  juventus 
Ingeminat  tremulos  naso  crispante  cachinnos. 

**  Inspice:  nescio  quid  trepidat  mihi  pectus  et  segris 

agreeable  companions,  in  any  sense  of  l»«'irar«f  youv  riv  v^atva  »ai  rii  ip^vg 

the  word.  (Hor.  £p.  xii.  6.  Cat.  Ixi.  10.)  «»«riiM«,  »«}  fi^iffui/iivig  n  v-^og  aurh 

A.     By  putting  the  objections  into  the  t^:c*rat,  rtratShg  /SAivrwv  »  r.  X.    Luc. 

mouth  of  such   a  spokesman,  Persius  Tim.  t.  i.  p.  1/0.  PR.  M,  K, 

effectually  shames  those  with  whom  he  81.  *  They  mumble  murmurs.*  Quint. 

has  been  arg:uing.  M,    "  Tush!  what  x.  3.  PR, 

care  I  to  be  Arcesilas,  Or  some  sad  Est  ^^  non  igiturj  qvotiea  lucem  ease 

Solon,  whose  deep-furrowed  face  And  fatendum  esty  sed  fion  esse  diem  ;  tnitle 

sullen  head  and  yellow-clouded  m  pht  Still  A  inc  certamhia  surgunt.  Ainc  paucij  mtdti 

on  the  stedfast  earth  are  musing  pight,  quoquetaliacomtneditaHteSyinurmttrecon' 

Muttering  what  censures  their  distracted  diiso  rabiusa  silentia  rodunt:  qualis  vita 

minde  Of  brain-sicke  paradoxes  hath  hotmnum,duoquammonosullabaverxtntl 

definde.     Or  of  Parmenides  or  darke  Aus.  Id.  xvii.  21  sqq.  in  j^(7,  A.  L.  1. 11. 

Heraclite,  Whether  all  be  one,  or  nought  Silent  muttering  and  a  fixed  look  were 

be  infinite,  &c."  Hall.  G.  indications  of  insanity.  Juv.  ii.  14.  Luc. 

79.  Arvesiltu  of  Pitane  in  ^^lia  was  de  Sect.  Princ.  K.  M. 

a  disciple  of  Polemon  and  afterwards  of  82.  Verba,  cf.  Luc.  Demon.  28.  t.  ii. 

Grantor.  LU.     He  was  the  founder  of  p.  386.  K, 

the  middle  Academy,  and  maintained  in  83.   Some   ancient  poet   asked  quid 

opposition  to  Zeno,  that  all  things  were  agrotus  umquam  somniavit^  quod  philo^ 

to  De  doubted,  and  that  nothing  could  be  sophomm  aliquis  non  dixerit?  Lact  PR, 

known.     Hence  he  is  called  igtwrantia  84.  This  is  one  of  the  most  trite  phy- 

magUter;  Lact.  iii.  6.  and  phitosophice  sical  axioms.  LU.  Lucr.  i.  151  &c.  JpjR. 

evenor;  Cic.  Ac.    His  life  is  said  not  to  85.   The  abstemiousness  of  philoso- 

have  been  a  Tery  regular  one.  Laert.iv.  phers   is  here   attacked,  postquam  est 

40.  PR,  M.  K.  ^^  Or  cet  Arcesilas,  tout  impransi  correptus  voce  magistri; 

kabUe  fu'il  itoit,  avoit  le  de/aut  d'etre  Hor.  II  S.  iii.  257.  PR.     0  pueriles 

fort  peiuimd  dafis  le  dispute,  et  d'etablir  ineptias  I  in  hoc  supercilia  subduximns  f 

amtrvrincipe  qu'on  nepouwntriensavoir,"  in  hitc  barbam  demisimus  ?  hoc  est,  quod 

it  nught  perplex  a  plain-dealing  man  to  tristes  docemus  et  pallidi  f  Sen.  Ep.  48. 

account  (or  such  a  person's  disputing  at  cf.  Juv.  vii.  97,  note.  K. 

all.     He  was,  however,  a  very  subtle  86.  Torosa,  opposed   to  pallida  and 

caviller.  G.  impransa  senectns,  K.  is  applied  to  the 

Solon,  the  Athenian  legislator,  was  youth  of  Rome  in  general,    fomiosuli 

reckoned  one  of   the  seven  sages   of  nostri  et  torosuli  et  vix  summis  pedibns 

Greece.  LU.   Her.  i.  29,  note  16.  aditmbrantes  vestigia,  quorum  verba  in 

80.  *  With  their  heads  on  one  shoulder.'  pttgnis  sunt  et  syllogisini  in  calcibus  ;  S. 
ZU.  Hor.  II  S.  V.  92.  K.  Stat  S.  V.  i.  Hieron.  PM.  cf.  i.  82,  note. 

140.  by  hypallage  for  figentes  lumina  in  87.  Multum  ingemimd;  i.  e.  *  laugh 

terram;  the  other  form,  which  is  not  so  loud  and  long.'  cf.  V.  Flac  459.  Juv.  i. 

strong  an  expression,  occurs,  Virg.  M.  164.  K. 

vi.  469.  Ov.  M.  xiii.  Ml.  Tr.  IV.  li,  29.  88.  This  person  who  consults  his  phy- 


414  THE  SATIRES  .    sat.  hi. 

Faucibus  eiLsuperat  gravis  hditus ;  inspice  sodes !" 
90  Qui  dicit  medico,  jussus  requiescere,  postquam 

Tertia  compositas  vidit  nox  currere  venas, .  *      -\         J 

De  majore  domo  niodice  sitiente  lagena  iv   ^    K*v^^  ■^'^^ 
Lenia  loturo  sibi  Surrenuna  rogavit  v4i^-r.  t    ^      * 

'    <JIeus !  bone,  tu  palles.'  <<  Nihil  est''  <  Videas  tamen  istud, 
95^Quicqu{d  id  est     Surgit  taciteiibLlutea  pellb.' 
^*        "  At  tu  detenus  palles.     Ne  sis  mihi  tutor : 

Jam  pridem  hunc  sepeli :  tu  restas."  *  Perge :  tacebo.' 
Turgidus  hie  epulis  atque  albo  ventre  lavatur, 
Gutture  Bulfureas  lente  exhalante  mephites : 


siciaiiy  has  all  the  symptoms  of  a  dan-  was  five  and  twenty  yean  old  before  it 

gerous  fever.  Cels.  iii.  6.  JC.  was  used.  CAS* 

89.  <  Rises  up  out  of  the  stomach.*  94.  These  are  the  words  of  an  ac- 
CAS,  quaintance,  who  accidentally  falls   in 

'  Fetid,  offensive.'  Ov.  A.  A.  iii.  2/7.  with  the  patient  as  he  is  tottering  from 

Petr.  93.  K,  the  table  to  the  bath ;    and  who,  justly 

Sodes;  Juv.  vi.  280,  note.  alarmed  at  the  symptoms  he  observes, 

90.  *  To  keep  quiet'  LIT,  Cels.  iii.  2.  bluntly  indeed,  but  kindly,  tries  to  per- 
PR,  Quint,  ii.  1/ .  cf.  Plin.  £p.  vi.  1.  suade  him  to  turn  back.  The  petulance 
K,  and  ill-humour  with  which  this  kindness 

91.  Though  this  was  the  third  night,  is  received,  are  highly  characteristic  and 
the  fever  might  prove  a  quartan.  A'.  satirical.  The  dying  wretch  was  too  much 

92.  ^  Surrendne  wine,'  of  a  good  in  the  wrong  to  bear  good^ad vice.  G.  XT. 
quality,  was  not  common ;  therefore  95.  Symptoms  of  dropsy.  Gal.  iEgin. 
he  sends  his  servant  to  ^  a  great  house'  iii.  Cels.  iii.  PR* 

for  it  MAR,     It  was  customary  for  96.  Varro  Eumenidtbut :  ui  arpiaiiM 

wine   and  other  little  delicacies  to  be  ei  lutea  qua  turn  sunt^  et  qu€e  staUy  Itdea 

sent  by  friends  to  those  who  were  ill :  viderUur;  tic  ituctni*  [ei]  mmi  ei/miori 

cf.  Mart.  II.  xl.  IxxvL  K,  vUlentur  ewe  intani;  Nonius.  PiC. 

"  No  sickly  noggin,  but  a  jolly  jug."  97.  Either  (1)  *  you  survive  to  lecture 

Dm  me  :'  PR,  or  (2)  '  I  have  you  to  bury 

93.  He  sends  for  the  wine,  the  first  still,  it  seems,  before  I  shall  be  my  own 
thing  in  the  morning  \  and,  after  his  master.'  FA,  '*  I  have  already  buried 
meal,  he  takes  a  bath.  Which  is  dan-  two  or  three;  And,  Doctor,  I  may  live 
gerous  for  invalids,  Suet.  Tib.  82.  PR,  to  bury  thee."  D,  Compare  "  amma 
and  for  all  persons,  upon  a  full  stomach,  composui,"  felicet !  nunc  -[effo  mfe : 
Juv.  i.  142  sqq.  M.  plurimi  faUuntWy  conjice!  Hor.  I  S.  ix.  28  sq.  RL, 
dum  se primo  dieprotmus  tublaturos  Ian-  y  98.  Pinguem  vUiu  aibu  mque;  Hot. 
puorem  ant  eaercdatione,  aid  balneOy  aut  II  S.  ii.  21.  76  sq.  quam  muUi  amimma 
vino  speratU ;  S(v.  Cels.  iii.  2.  K.  volupUUibus  jtaUent  I   Sen.  Br.  V,  PR* 

Surrentum  was  a  town  of  Campania,  crescit  indulgent  sibi  dints  hvdrops,  nee 

L  U.     SurrefUina  vina  caput  nuKo  modo  sitim  pellity  nisi  causa  worhifugerit  Penis 

frntant;  ctstotfiarhiefint^stinorumr/teu-  et  aquosus  albo  corpore  languor ;  Hor. 

matismoscohibent;  Plin.  H.  N.  xxiii.  \s  II  Od.  ii.  13  sqq.  M,  I  Ep.  vi.  61  i^. 

20.  Surrentiua  invineis  lantum  nascenfia  Sulp.  v,  36.  Sid.  Ap.  v.  339  sq.  Ik. 

convalescetdibus  mcucime  probata  propter  1)9.  Mephites  is   properly  the  stench 

tfiiuifafemsalubritatemque;  ib.xi\.6s3,  from  stagnant  and  putrid  water.     LC7. 

PR.  Tiberius dicebatyconsentisse medicos y  Virg.  JE,  vii.  84.  AT.  quam  ftedi  <Uque 

id  nobilitatvm  darcnt,  aiioquin  esse  gene-  jtesf  denies  ructus  sunt  ejrhalantibns  era- 

rosum  act'/ urn;    ib,  Caligula  calls  it  pu/am  veterem !  scias  putnscere  sumia^ 

vappam  nobi/em,  G,     It  was  kept  till  it  non  concoqui;  Sen  Ep.  96.  PR, 


SAT.  III.  OF  PERSIUS.  415 

100  Sed  tremor  inter  vina  subit  calidumqiic  trientem 
Excutit  e  manibus ;  dentes  crepuere  retecti ; 
.  Uncta  cadunt  laxis  tunc  pulmentaria  labris. 

J^  '>  *  '»  <Hinc,tuba,  candelae;  tandemque  beatulus,  alto 
Ck>mpo0itus  lecto  crassisquc  lutatus  amomis, 
105  In  portam  rigidos  calces  extendit;  at  ilium  } 

Hestemi  capite  induto  subiere  Quirites.  ^  "^ 

**  Tange,  miser,  venas  et  pone  in  pectore  dextram  : 
Nil  calet  hie  !  Summosque  pedes  attinge  manusque  : 

100.     Qua    desiJeraniibus    aHmenta  Tr.  III.  iii.  89.  F.  iv.  853,  A'.  Juv.  iv. 

eraniy  onera  sunt  plenit :  hide  paUvr  et  108,  viii.  159,  notes. 
nervorum  vino  madentinm  tremor  et        105.  "  Lies  a  stiff  corpse,  heels  fore- 

miseraMior  ex  crudUtUe  quam  ex  fame  most,  at  the  tloor."    G.  of.  Plin.  vii.  8. 

wuMcies:  inde  hteerti  labarUinm  pedes  et  PR,  Horn.  II.  T  212.  Tac.  A.  iii.  5. 

semper  quasi  in  ebrietate  tituhatio;  Sen.  (LL)  KI^  i.  12.  A'.  j 

N.  Q.  T.  PR,  106.  Manumitted  slaves  shaved  their] 

Vims :  d.  Jur.  viii.  168,  note.  M.  heads  and  then  put  on  the  cap  of  liben 

The  triens,  OR,  or  trienicd,  was  a  cup  in  the   temple  of  Feronia.     This  wi 

which  held  rather  more  than  one  third  worn  hy  the  freed-men,  who  bore  theii 

of  a  pint.  LU.  cf.  Hor.  I  £p.  zvi.  21  late  master's  corpse  to  the  funeral  pilei 

eqq.  a.  as  a  badge  of  their  being  admitted  to  thJ 

102.  'The  rich  viands,*   which   he  righteofcitizenship.  FS.C-^S.iC/:  JuJ 

had  gorged  before  coming  to  the  bath,  iii.  60,  note.  M.  fcucit  Jupiter,  ut  ego  hie 

and  which  his  stomach  now  rejects  undi-  hodiey  raso  capite ,  caimts  capiam  pileum  ! 

gested.  LU.  Plaut.  Amph.  I.  i.  306.  (TB,)  and  v. 

The  lip  hanging  loose  and  the  drop-  82.  Liv.  xxxiv.  52.  qui  liberi  fiebant  ea 


is  Im^f*  Vf/riMf :    '  the  trumpet  and  81,  nott>.  [Livy  zxiv,  16,  11.  ED.] 

torch'  were  osea  in  the  procession  to  the  Subiere.  Virg.  IE,,  vi.  222.  K. 

fiineral  pile,  v,  106.  CAS,     A  full  ac-  107.  The  youth,  drowsy  as  he  is,  is 

connt  of  the  particulars  referred  to  in  still  awake  enough  to  discover  that  he  is 

these  lines  will  be  found  in  AD,  somehow  involved  in  this  apologue.    As 

Tubal  cf.  Poll.  viii.  1.  SF,  on  X.,  v.  the  preceptor,  however,  appears  to  him 

138.  St  Matthew  ix.  23.  PR,  to  labour  under  a  considerable  mistake, 

CandeUs,  cf.  Petr.  78. 129.  Prop.  II.  he  prepares  to  set  him  right ;  and  in  a 

z«  19  aq.  ziii.  17  sq.  IV.  xi.  9.  K.  somewnatindignant  tone  ^;nu^/;  affirms 

Beahdus :  thus  our  Stoic  calls  the  de-  himself  to  be  in  no  danger  of  *  trumpets 

ceased  Epicure  in  irony,  because  the  and  torches,'  as  is  falsely  insinuated,  for 

Epicnreans  used  to  say  :  maximam  iUcun  that  the  state  of  his  health  is  excellent. 

ffimpiaiem  kabemusy  qua  percipitur  omni  It  is  now  that  the  philosopher  sees  his 

domre  detraeto  :  nam  qwmiamy  quumpri-  advantages^   and  tunm  upon  the  poor 

vamur  doUnrej  ipsa  liberatione  et  vacudate  dreamer  with  the  moral  of  his  fable, 

amms  molesiia  gaudemusy  voluptas  est,  which  he  enforces  with  all  the  poignancy 

mt   omne    id,    quo    offendimury    dolor:  of  satire  and  all  the  dignity  of  truth. 

dokris  omnispnvaHo  rede  nominata  est  The  student  can  no  longer  mistake,  for 

volupias;  Cic.  Fin.  i.  2.  K,  he  is  presented  with  an  epitome  of  his 

Alto  kdo,  cf.  Or,  M.  z.  463.  F.  ii.  mostbesetting  vices,  and,  among  others, 

363.  K,  Mart.  Ylll.xliv.  14.  Prop.  II.  that  of  ungovernable  passion,  of  which 

xiii.  21  sq.  PR,  he  had  furnished  a  tolerable  specimen 

104.  Con^HuUus.  cf.  Tib.  III.  ii.  26.  already :  8  sq.  G.  K. 

Virg.  JE,  1, 249.  (HY.)  K.  *  Feel  my  puLne.'  M. 

Amomis,  ct  SA,  on  SoL  p.  401.  Ov.  108.  Coldness  of  the  extremities  is  a 


416 


THE  SATIRES  OF  PERSIUS. 


•AT.  11^ 


I. 


Non  frigent !"    Visa  est  si  forte  pecunia,  sive 

110  Candida  vicini  subrisit  molle  puella, 

Cor  tibi  rite  salit  ?  Positum  est  algente  catino 
Durum  olus  et  populi  cribro  decussa  farina : 
Tentemus  fauces  :  tenero  latet  ulcus  in  ore 
Putre,  quod  baud  deceat  plebeia  radere  beta. 

115  Alges,  quum  excussit  membris  timor  albus  aristas 
Nunc  face  supposita  fervescit  sanguis  et  ira 
Scintillant  oculi,  dicisque  facisque,  quod  ipse 
Non  sani  esse  hominis  non  sanus  juret  Orestes. 


/>c/  'J 


symptom  of  approaching  illness  :  Cels. 
ii.  4.  K. 

109.  ^  Have  you  no  symptom  of  ava- 
rice,  or  any  other  passion  ?'  which  are 
diseases  of  the  mind.  LU,  cf.  iv.  47. 

110.  Candida  :  Ov.  A.  A.  ii.  6.  K. 
Risit    et  argutis  quiddam  promitU 

oceflig;  Ov.  Am.  III.  ii.  83.  PR, 

Molle  is  used  adverbially,  K,  as  acre^ 
S4.  dulce  rideiUew  Lalagen  amabo,  dulce 
loguenteni;  Hor.  I  Od.  xxii.  23  sq. 

111.  ^  Is  there  no  extraordinary  pal- 
pitation at  vour  heart  ?'  Stat.  S.  I.  ii. 
210.  Sen.  Thy.  766.  K,  Erasistratus, 
the  physician,  discovered  the  passion  of 
Antiochus,  who  was  sick  for  love  of 
Stratonice  his  stepmother,  by  feeling  his 
pulse  when  she  was  entering  the  cham- 
ber :  V.  Max.  v.  7.  PR* 

112.  <  A  cold  dish  of  coarse  greens, 
DN.  not  well  boiled.  M.  cf.  vi. 

*  The  sieve  used  by  the  common  peo- 
ple' was  so  coarse,  as  to  let  through  a 
great  deal  of  the  bran.  LU.  69  sq. 
PR. 

114.  Radere  the  same  as  tergere; 
Hor.  II  S.  ii.  24.  K. 

Beta,  which  Martial  calls  fahnrum 


pramlium ;  XIII.  xiii.  PR. 

115.  Obttupuiy  steteruntque  coma; 
Virg.  JE.  ii.  774.  LU.  Anst.  Probl. 
viii.  18.  PR.  <*  I  could  a  tale  unfold, 
whose  lightest  word  would  harrow  up 
thy  soul;  freeze  thy  young  blood: 
Make  thy  two  eyes,  like  stars,  start 
from  their  spheres ;  Thv  knot^  and 
combined  Iockm  to  part,  And  eaco  par- 
ticular hair  to  stand  an  end,  Like 
quills  upon  the  fretful  porcupine;" 
Shaksp.  Ham.  I.  v.  "  With  hair  up- 
staring,  then  like  reeds,  not  hair ;"  id. 
Temp.  I.  ii.  Juv.  vi.  95,  note. 

116.  Est  etiam  cahr  Ule  anhnOy  guem 
sumit  in  tra^  cum  fcrviteity  et  ex  oculi* 
tnicat  acribtis  ardor,  est  et  frigida  multa 
comes  formidinis aura:  guaciei horrorem 
in  memltris,  et  concitat  arius  ;  Lucr.  iii. 
289  sqq. 

117.  Ardebant  oculi  et  ex  toto  corpore 
crudeliku  emicabat;  Cic.  Verr.  /.  ex 
illorum  luminibus  scintillee  emicanif 
flamma  attuanty  anhetum  pectus  spi- 
ritum  jacit  ex  orCj  fye.  Am.  i.  PR. 
Hom.  IL  A  104.  A  662.  Or.  A.  A.  iii. 
503  sq.  K. 

118.  Cf.  Hor.  II  S.  ilL  If. 


SATIRE    IV, 


ARGUMENT. 
This  Satire  (of  which  many  have   supposed  Nero  to  be  the  object)  is 
founded  on  the  first  Alcibiades  of  Plato ;  and  many  of  the  expressions 
are  closely  copied  from  that  celebrated  dialogue.  I  sqq. 

It  naturally  arranges  itself  under  three  heads,  the  first  of  which  treats  of 
the  preposterous  ambition  of  those  who  aspired  to  take  the  lead  in  state 
mSwm,  before  they  had  learned  the  first  principles  of  civil  government. 
1—22. 

The  second  division,  which  is  of  singular  merit,  and  possesses  a  rich  vein 
of  strong  but  appropriate  humour,  and  acute  reasoning,  turns  on  the 
general  neglect  of  self-examination;  23  sq.  it  enforces,  at  the  same  time 
the  necesdty  of  moral  purity,  from  the  impossibility  of  escaping  detec- 
tion ;  and  points  out  the  policy  of  restraining  all  wanton  propensity  to 
exaggerate  others'  foibles,  from  its  tendency  to  provoke  severe  recri- 
mination on  ourselves.  25—46. 

The  conclusion,  or  third  part,  reverts  to  the  subject  with  which  the  Satire 
opens,  and  amdgns,  in  terms  of  indignant  severity,  the  profligacy  of  the 
young  nobility,  and  their  sottish  vanity  in  resting  their  claims  to  appro- 
bation on  the  judgement  of  a  worthless  rabble.  46 — 52.  O. 

To  read  this  Satire,  may  be  useful  to  the  young.  It  may  help  to  dorrect 
petulance;  it  may  serve  to  warn  inexperience.  It  may  teach  the 
ymtthful  statesman,  that,  even  in  remote  times,  and  in  small  states, 
government  was  considered  as  a  most  difficult  science.  It  may  show 
the  high-bom  libertine,  that,  in  proportion  as  the  sphere  in  which  he 
moves  is  wide  and  brilliant,  are  his  conduct  and  character  conspicuous, 
and  hb  follies  ridiculous.  DD, 


3  II 


418  THE  SATIRES  sat.  iv. 


Rem  populi  tractas?  (barbatum  hoc  crede  magistrum 
Dicere,  sorbitio  tollit  quern  dira  cicutae:) 
Quo  fretus  ?  die,  o  magni  pupille  Pericli ! 
Scilicet  ingenium  et  rerum  prudentia  velox 
5  Ante  pilos  venit,  dicenda  tacendaque  calles. 
Ergo  ubi  commota  fervet  plebecula  bile, 
Fert  animus  calidas  fecisse  silentia  turbas 
Majestate  manus.     Quid  deinde  loquere  ? — ^*  Quirites, 


1.  '  Do  you  presume  to  take  the  reins  Brut  V.  Max.  viii.  9.  Some  have  sup- 
of  government  into  jour  hands  ?'  DN.  posed  that  Persius  intended  a  pun  m 
Alcibiades  says  of  Socrates:  **J(i>«^»i{ff  this  place;  because  Alcibiades,  when 
f*t  i/*4X«yu9,  Sri  ir»>J.»v  Ifhht  ^v  »Mt  young,  was  compared  to  a  lion's  whelp. 
tri,  IfAMUTw  fi\f  itfttiXm,  vk  I*  *A4n9mmt  PR*  cf.  Juv.  iv.  31. 

flr^rr*-"  Plato  Sjrmp.  32.  K,  4.  Ingenium,  docUesnaheranotedidU, 

Barbatum:  cf.  Juy.  xiv.  12.  iv.  103.  et  ratUmem  dedit  inmerfedam,  ted  mut 

Lucian  sap,  Hor.  II  S.  iii.  16  sqq.  K.  perfici pot$et ;  Sen.  £p.  49.  J^.  liiMrw, 

Socrates  was  accounted  the  fatiier  of  cf.  Anst.  £th.  vi.  13. 

philosophy,  and  prince  of  philosophers :  Veiox ^  precocious.'  LU-  cf.  Chr.  A.  A. 

Cic.  Fin.  ii.  1.  N.  D.  ii.  107.  T.  Q.  iii.  i.  183.  Stat.  S.  ii.  106  sqq.  K. 

8.  V.  10.  PR.  6.  Seris  venit  ttsm  ab  annit;  Or.  M. 

2.  Juv.  xiii.  185 sq,  notes.  M.  Id.  vii.  vi.  29.  LU.  etenhn  mihi  muUa  nehutas 
205  sq,  notes;  Sen.  £p.  13.  K.  Plin.  scire  dedit;  xiv.  695  sq.  Nero  (whom 
xiv.  6.  cf.  Ap.  As.  Aur.  x.  Plat.  Soc.  many  suppose  to  be  alluded  to  under  the 
A  p.  Lact.  V.  15.  Ath.  xiii.  Socrates  con-  character  of  Alcibiades)  was  emperor, 
citatis  inimicitiiSyCatunmiosacriminaiione  before  he  was  seventeen ;  Suet.  8.  Tac. 
damnatus,  morie  mtUctattu  est,  sed  eum  A.  xiii.  1.  6.  PR, 

postea  iUa  ipsoy  tpue  ptdtlice  damnaverat,  Ab  iUis  (philosmhis)  httc  dietmhar;  si 

Atheniensitan  civitas  publice  luxii:  in  consonarettbiinJaciendisetntm/aeietuUs 

duos  qfus  accusaiijres  usque  adeo  populi  virtutis  est^  qutepars  lyus  prudenNa  ppca- 

indignaiiotie  conversoy  ut  tmus  eorum  mh-  tury  eadem  in  dicendis  ei  non  dieemiis 

pressus  vi  muUitudinis  interirety  exsilio  erU;  Quint,  ii.  20.  Hom.  Od.  K440  sq. 

autem  votttntario  atque  perpetuo  poenam  Hor.  I  £p.  vii.  72.  K* 

similem  alter  evaderet.  tarn  prctclara  igi-  6.  Hes.  Th.  80  sqq.  K*   Virg.  JB.  i. 

tnr  vita  mortisque  fafna  Socrates  reliquit  149  sqq.  PR, 

plurimos  sua  philosophic  sectcUores;  S.  7.  Immaniter  sitrepente  exercOu^  cum 

Aug.  Civ.  D.  viii.  3.  PR.  v.  145.  cieritumuUmsviolentwrapparerety  Valen' 

&»rbitio:  fi^nfia'  JE\.  v.  H.  ix.  38.  tinianusy elataprotpere  deiiray  tiipirimxps 

Phsedr.  i.  26.  (BU.)  K,  /iduciapienusyaususincrepareqyotdttmmi 

3.  "Orf  Ttirnvm  i  Plato.  3f.  sedittososetpetanaceSyCOgitaianullit mkUt* 
'  Alcibiades'  lost  his  father,  while  he  pellantibus  absolvebat;  Amm.  xxtL  PR, 

was  yet  a  child.    His  guardians  were  8.    Est  ilia  quasi  priveUa   ceiwamy 

Ariphron  and  Pericles :  edttcatus  est  in  mtufestas  clarorum  virorumy  sme  #r»6aaia- 

domo  Periclisy  (privignus  enim  ^itsfuisse  liumfasHgiOySine  cmparHorum  minisleriay 

dicituTy)  eruditus  a  Socrate;  C.  Nep.  II.  potens  in  suaamplUudineoUinendeug^raU 

i.  1 .  G.     The  word  puoitle  is  emphatic ;  enim  etjucundo  introitu  animis  hotmmum 

he  was  still  a  ^  wara.'  LU.  cf.  Plut.  iUabitur  adnuroHonis  prtetextu  vehUa: 

PR,  quam  recte  quis  dixerit  langum  et  beaium 

Pericli  for  PericliSy  from  Pericleusy  honorem  sine  honore;  V.  Max.  ii.  uU, 

Periclei.  cf.  COy  on  Sail.  H.  fr.  i.  p.  934.  qui  (Jupiter)  postquam  voce  wumuque 

K,  l¥ride«,  the  son  of  Xanthippus,  was  murmura    compressity    ienuere'  tHeutia 

great  both  as  a  statesman  and  as  a  gene-  cuncti;  Ov.  M.  i.  206  sq.  cf.  Acts  xiii* 

ral.  cf.  Just.  iii.  LU,  Plut.  12.  Cic,  16.  PJR.  Luc.  i.  297  sq.  IT. 


SAT.  lY.  OF  PERSIUS.  419 

Hoc,  puta,  non  justuin  est ;  illud  male,  rectius  illud." — 
10  Scis  etenim  justuin  gemina  suspendere  lance 

Ancipitis  librae :  rectum  discemis,  ubi  inter 

Curva  subit  vel  quum  fallit  pede  regula  varo : 

Et  potis  es  nigrum  vitio  prasfigere  theta. 

Quin  tu  igitur  summa  nequidquam  pelle  decorus 
15  Ante  diem  blando  caudam  jactare  popello 

Desinis,  Anticj^ras  melior  sorbere  meracas. 

Quae  tibi  summa  boni  est  ?  uncta  vixisse  patella 

Semper  et  assiduo  curata  cuticula  sole  ? 

Exspecta ;  baud  aliud  respondeat  haec  anus.     I  nunc  ! 

9.  Cf.  Cic.  Orat.  i.  12.  Hor.  Ill  Od.  ness,  and  to  fare  well/  *  That,'  retorts 
iii.  K,  the  poet,  ^  is  precisely  what  this  poor  old 

10.  Cf.  Cic.  T.  Q.  V.  17.  K,  herh-woman  would  reply.*   And  the  oh- 

11.  Virtue  may  be  compared  to  a  serration  is  just  and  pertinent.  The 
straight  line  between  two  crooked  lines.  Baucises,  who  cry  radishes  and  water- 
To  distinguish  between  what  is  correct  cresses  in  our  streets,  have  little  concep- 
and  what  is  incorrect,  is  often  no  easy  tion  of  any  happiness  that  is  not  con- 
task  :  {«'ilis«^«0ri  yit^  u  &x^t  rris  fAi*nt  nected  with  the  table,  and  freedom  from 
X^^'  Arist.  Eth.  ii.  7,  8.  CAS,  cf.  iii.  labour  of  every  kind.  [The  Hampshire 
d3.  M.  farmer's  boy,  when  asked  what  he  would 

13.  When,  owing  to  the  necessary  do  if  he  were  king,  answered  nt  once, 

exceptions,  the  strict  adherence  to  the  ''  Why,  I  would  swing  on  a  gate  and  eat 

rule  becomes  improper.     A   madman  fat  bacon,  all  day  long."]     Our  young 

demands  the  restitution  of   a  sword,  pretender  to  state  affairs  now  urges  other 

which  he  deposited  wtdk  you  when  in  claims,  such  as  birth,  beauty,  &c.   in 

his  senses.     The  law  bids  you  restore  which  he  has  decidedly  the  advantage 

it :  but  common  sense  forbids.  CAS.  of  the  old  w^oman  :  but  our  Stoic  treats 

13.  B  (the  first  letter  of  4m9ar9§)  was  them  with  utter  contempt  and  changes 

set  against  the  names  of  those  sentenced  the  subject.  G. 

to  capital  punishment :  n6tii  mortiferwn  15.  A  metaphor  from  a  peacock,  Hor. 

fuawtvrU^  Castrke,  tignvmf    est  0})ertB  II  S.  ii.  26.  Juv.  vii.  32.  1.  62.  or  from 

nretimn  discere  theta  tiomany  fyc.  Mart,  a  dog.  i.  87.  note.  CAS.  cf.  Hor.  I  S. 

Vll.  XXX vii.  OiwuUmnante cUicu  infelix  vi.  15  sqq.  a. 

lUera  theta,  VS.  K.  G.  T  was  the  letter  16.  Antiryras:  Juv.  xiii.  97.   Strabo 

of  acquittal.    The  Romans  used  A  and  ix.  Plin.  xxv.  5.  Gell.  xvii.  15.  Suet. 

C,  the  initials  of  abtolvo  and  cotufemno.  Cal.  29.  ejrptiiit  helteboro  marbum  bilem- 

Cic.  for  Milo.  A.    Critics  marked  those  g»e  meraco;  Hor.  II  Ep.  ii.  137.  PR* 

I(L\l 


of  authors,  which  they   ap-  id,  II  S.  iii.  83.  note  on  i.  51.  M,  Hor. 

proved  of,  with  L  (laudabile)  or  X  (x^i-  A.  P.  300.  Ov.  Pont.  IV.  iii.  53  sq.  K, 

rr«»),  those  of  which  they  disapproved  17.  Cf.  iii.  60.  K, 

with  B.  PR,  Sid.  Ap.  ix.  335  sq.  CAS,  Uncta  patella,  Siy  bene  tpticamat^  bene 

14.  Suet.  Nero  51.    Hor.  I  Ep.  xvi.  vivit;  lucety  eamtts  quo  ducit  gula;  Hor. 

45.  PR,  II  S.  i.  64  sq.  K,  Tac.  A.  xiii.  I  Ep.  vi.  56 sq.  PR.  Mart  V.  xlvi.  7.  K, 

M,  V.  116.  A  striking  instance  of  fero-  IH.  Juv.  xi.  203  sq.  VS.   During  the 

city  under  a  beautiful  exterior  was  that  summer,  the  Romans  used  to  rub  oil  into 

of  the  sanguin&ry  I'ovolutionist  St  Juste,  their  skin,  in  the  sun;  and  in  winter, 

*  Your  nigh  pretensions  savour  more  before  the  fire.  »,  prrrwy  et  totm  avida 

of  folly  and  insanity  than  of  true  wis-  ctUe  coinhibe  sotes,  qttfim  /(trmosns  erisl 

dom  :  but,  to  put  the  matter  to  the  test,  Mart.  X.  xii.  7  sq.  PR,  v-  33.  Plin.  F2p. 

what  is  your  idea  of  the  sovereign  good,  iii.  1.  H.  N.  xxi.  14.  Mart.  I.  Ixxviii. 

the  great  end  of  life  ?'  The  answer  is  K, 

honest,  at  least.     *  To  indulge  in  idle-  19.  By  way  of  mortifying  the  young 


480  THE  SATIRES  sat.  m 

20  <^  Dinomaohes  ego  sum/'  Suffla.  <^  Sum  candidus.''  Esta 
^       Dum  ne  deterius  sapiat  pannucea  Baucis, 

Quum  bene  discincto  cantaverit  ocyma  vernae. 

Ut  nemo  in  sese  tentat  descendere,  nemo  I  .  . 

Sed  praecedenti  spectatur  naantica  tei^go.     t^  t^^^'  - 

25      Quassieris:  *  Nostin  Vectidi  praedia?  **  Cujus?^' 
<  Dives  arat  Curibus  quantum  non  milrus  oberreU' 
<<  Hunc  ais?  bunc  djs  iratis  genioque  sinistitH 
Qui  quandoque  jugum  pertusa  ad  compita  figit, 

man's  pride,  CAS*  be  proposes  appealing    simul  deUnquwUy  een»&rtM  tmmmt;^  Phsd. 
to  an  old  woman  pawing  bj.  Lu.  lY.  s.  M,  LIT*  iM  tntiem  iam  ' 


Inmtc!  Juv.  vi.  306,  note.  Virg.  £.  esj  ui  pott  te  non  re^pickut  m  tUtope- 

rii.  426.  Or,  Her.  ix.  105.  Prop.  III.  duchtm  iride$;  m  ie  ridum  mm  vidaf 

xvi.  17.  K,  Petr.  67.  Hor.  I  S.  Ui.  S6  aq.  Sen.  Ag. 

20.  n^if  finr0h  *AXmfuu9*S^fn  if,  l»  270  sqq.  K»  nodram  peram  mom  mden^ 

Ai4i>«/iii;^iff  yi7«f«f  rw  MtyMnXi^m'  Plut.  tety  atiorum^JMxta  Permmm^  ntanikam 

Ale.  i.    The  Alcmseonidffi  were  one  of  contideramtu;  8.  Hier.  £p.91.  men  vidt' 

*»  the  noblest  and  wealthiest  families  in  nms  id  nmniktB,guod  m  tefp>  ett ;  Cat. 

Athens,  and  were  the  most  influential  xxii.  21.  PR,  Jl.  M.  LU, 
agents  in  the  expubion  of  the  Pisistra-        26.  QnigsieriM  *■  if  one  ask.'  Km 
Udffi.  Her.  iv.  92  sq.  K,  26.  Jut.  ix.  66.  PR. 

Suffla  *  pu£f  away  I'  *  You  do  well  to        27.  Itfi  iftti  cum  Gemi$sni$  beUigermtd 

be  proud  of  it,'  PR,  of.  Juv.  viii.  46.  K,  parcipromi;  Plant.  True,  I.  ii.  81.  PR, 

Candidus  et  taloa a  vertice pulcer  ad  of.  ii.  3.  Jut.  i.  49  sq.  x.  129.  xiT.  1.  M, 

hnos;  Hor.  II  Ep.  ii.  4.  M,  Hor.  II  8.  ui.  8. 123.  Ph«dr.  IV.  xix. 

21. '  Old  goody  Baucis  in  her  tatter'd  16.  K. 
gown,'  (The  name  occurs;  Ov.  M.  Tiii.        28.  This  festiTal  {coamtaHa;  GdLx. 

640  &c.  PR.)  *  has  the  advantage  over  24.)  was  one  of  great  celebrity ;  a  kind 

you  in  one  respect:  she  has  wit  enough  of  rustic  saturnalia;  Tib.  II.  vii.  Macr. 

to  fulfil  her  vocation  well  and  profitablyj;  S.  i.  14.    It  was  held  after  tlie  aeed- 

whereas  you  are  utterly  ignorant  how  season,  on  a  day  annually  named  by  die 

to  set  about  the  business,  which  you  so  prstor,  but  generally  on  or  about  die 

presumptuously  undertake.'  M,  second  of  January.    On  the  morning  of 

22.  ^*  Qitella  AUo  can  tan  do  at  dis-  this  day,  the  peasantry  assembled  near 
soluti  servi  L'erbefte,"  STE.  the  cross-roads,  probably  for  tbe  mAwwrn- 

Ocyma  :  cf.  Plin.  xix.  7  *  36.  CAS,  tage  of  ffpace :  here  they  erected  a  tree 

^  basil.'  Yarro  R.  R.  I.  xxxi.  4.  Cato;  somewhat  in  the  manner  of  oar  maT- 

Pliny  xviii.  16.  PR,  xx.  48.  Mart.  I.  poles,  on  which  the  idle  plough  and  yoke 

xlii.  2.  K.  were  hung,  or,  as  some  say,  broken  mk 

23.  Ct  Jut.  ii.  36  sq.  K.  zi.  27.  LU.  Tib.  II.  i.  Under  this  tree,  some  flight 
ut;  Ylrg.  £.  viii.  41.  Hor.  I  S.  i.  108.  shed  appears  to  have  been  raised,  wkere 
Pie.  Ov.  Her.  xii.  S3,  xlii.  89.  Spectator,  they  sacrificed,  (Gell.  i.  22.  GRO,) 
No.  399.  Rambler,  Nos.  24  and  28.  feasted,   and    gave    themselves  up  to 

24.  Citm  tita  pervideas  ocnlis  mala  riotous  mirth  and  jollity.  Dionys.  it.  14. 
iijtpus  inundisy  cur  in  amicorum  vitii$  The  origin  of  this  festival,  which  was 
tarn  cemis  acutum,  guam  aut  aauila  attt  probably,  at  first,  an  expression  of  pioof 
serpens  Rfidauriusf  Hor.  1 1  8.  iii.  gratitude,  is  lost  in  antiquity.  The 
298  sq.  pR.  dixerit  insanum  qui  me,  Roman  writers  refer  it  to  one  of  dicir 
totidcm  audiet;  atque  respicere  ignoto  kings,  according  to  custom;  and  as  a 
discet  pettdentia  tergo;  ib.  298  sq.  The  god  was  also  necessary,  they  fixed  upon 
alluHion  is  to  a  fable  of  Aesop's :  peras  the  Lares  compitalitii.    Or.  F.  v.  140. 

I      imposuit  Jupiter  fiobis  duos:   propriis  Suet.  Aug.  31.  YS.  Ci4S.  L (7.  Pl^X. 

rcplctam  viftis  post  tergum  dedit,  atietiis  G.   It  somewhat  resembled  our  harveet- 

nnfe  pectus  sitspendit  gravent,  hoc  re  pi-  home.  M, 
dere  nostra  mala  non  possumus ;    alii        Pertusa  '  pervious.'  Calp.  iv.  136.  K, 

^  ^  Jf  ui  /fix  iivt  ct  iJicf^   Homu. 


SAT.  IV.  OF  PERSIUS.  421 

Seriolae  veterem  metuens  deradere  limum 
30  Ingemit  hoc  bene  sit  I  tunicatum  cum  sale  mordens 

Csepe,  et,  farrata  pueris  plaudentibus  oUa, 

PanDosam  faecem  morientis  sorbet  aceti." 
At  si  unctus  cesses  et  figas  in  cute  solem, 

Est  prope  te  ignotus,  cubito  qui  tangat  et  acre 
35  Despuat  in  mores,  penemque  arcanaque  lumbi 

Runcantem  populo  marcentes  pandere  vulvas. 

<<  Tu  quum  maxillis  balanatum  gausape  pectas, 

Inguinibus  quare  detonsus  gurgulio  exstat? 

Quinque  palsBstritae  licet  hsec  plantaria  vellant 
40  Elixasque  nates  labefactent  forcipe  adunca, 


30.  Seriat  omnet  relevi;  Ter.  Heaut  The  moBt  maliciotui  construction  is  pat 

III.  i.  61.   (of.  Hor.  I  Od.  zx.  2  sq.  bj  thin  slanderer  upon  the  effeminate 

PR.)    The  diminutiTB  marks  his  ava-  anxiety  of  the  young  nobility  to  render 

rice ;  aa  does  the  epithet  veterrm.  CAS,  their  personn  smooth  and  sleek,  (of.  Jut. 

30.  The  solemn  grace  which  the  old  viii.  16.  ix.  12  sqq.  Arist.  N.  1005. 1079. 

miser  pronounces,  indicates  the  ex traor-  Cone.  129.  K,)  and  to  lay  bare  what 

dinmry  good  cheer  which  was  forthcom-  nature  intended  to  conceal.  fruge$  con- 

ing.  BJR.   Tib.  II.  i.  31.   Plant.  Stich.  ntmere  fiaiiy  MjMmsi  Pcnelopa,  Hebu/ones^ 

V.  It.  87.  (LM.)  PR,   Petr.  36.  66.  Alcinotquejin  cule  curanda  piwt€eguo 

Hor.  II  S.  tI.  4.  Or.  F.  iv.  299.  K,  operatoy  Juventus ;   Hor.  I  Ep.  ii. 

The  ecstasies  of  the  boys  are  to  the  27  sqq. 

Mune  effect  CAS»  37.  ^  While  you  comb  the  false  beard, 

'  With  all  its  coats.'  PR,  perfumed  with  essencefi,  which  you  wear 

81.  Cf.  Jut.  xiv.  171.  P-R.  upon  your  cheeks  and  chin.'  PV,  Suet. 

8S.  '  Swills  the  mothery  dregs  of  dead  0th.  11.  Mart.  X.  xlii.  Tac.  A.  xIt.  exo. 

Tinegar.'  t.  e.  the  sour  wine  which  was  b.  LI.  Aug.  CIt.  D.  iv.  1.  Or.  A.  A.  i. 

the  ansk  of  Uiose  who  could  afford  some-  618  sq.  Mart.  II.  xxxvi.  3  sq.  K, 

thing  more  than  water;  answering  to  our  McuiUit;  Mart.  VIII.  xlvii.  MS. 

small  beer.    The  mould  had  formed  a  Prenta  tuts  balmms  cmnlUs  jamdudum 

thick  cake  on  the  top,  like  a  woollen  rag.  apud  me  est :    Hor.  Ill  Od.  xxix.  4. 

Every  word  is  emphatic,  acrepoiet  ace-  (JN.)  CAS,  Plin.  xxiii.  6.  4.  xiii.  1.  4, 

#KM ;  Hor.  II S.  iii.  1 16  sq.  T,  QAS,  M,  PR. 

33.  '  If  you  lounge  away  your  time.'  Gaumpe  '  shag.'    vi.  46.  PR,  Hor. 
cf.  18.  jK:.  II  S.  viii.  11.  Mart.  XIV.  cxxxviii. 

34.  *  Somebody  or  other,  whom  per-  K. 

haps  you  little  think  of.'  LU,  38.  Gurf^lio  is  properly  what  anato- 

Alifvu  cubito  tiantem  prope  tan-  mists  call  the  uvula,  which  hangsfrom 

gem»  imquiei;  Hor.  II  S.  v.  42  sq.  PR,  the  back  part  of  the  oalate.  LU. 

36.  Spitting  was  a  sign  of  aversion  and  39.  **  In  rain:    should  five  athletic 

detestation.  LU»  Plant  As.  I.  i.  26 — 29.  knaves  essay  To  pluck,  (ntncare)  with 

PR,  Theoc.  yi.  39.  xx.  11.  Tib.  I.  ii.  ceaseless  care,  the  weeds  away.  Still  the 

96.   Luc.  Icar.  t.  ii.  p.  786.    K,    In  rank  fern,  congenial  to  the  soil,  Would 

the  following  passage  it  is  deeply  to  be  spread  luxuriant,  and  defeat  their  toil." 

regretted  that  a  poet,  who  is  universally  G.    The  pa/testrita  were  probably  the 

represented  as  untainted  by  the  grogs  sen-  servants  who  trained  the  young  gentle- 

suality  of  the  age  when  he  wrote,  nhould  men  in  the  private  schools  of  exercise, 

have  so  far  complied  with  its  f:ishions  Mart.  III.  Iviii.  26.  K. 

as  to  use,  in  the  exposure  of  the  vices  40.  Elijcns  *  sodden'  refers  to  the  con- 

which  he  reprobates,  language  which  stant  use  of  the  hot  bath.  LU,  Mart, 

will  hardly  admit  of  paraphrase.  CAS,  III.  vii.  3.  K, 


iOa  THE  SATIRES  sat.iv. 

Non  tamen  ista  filix  ullo  mansuescit  aratro**^ 

Caedimus  inque  vicem  praebemns  crura  sagittis : 
Vivitur  hoc  pacto :  sic  novimus.     Ilia  subter 
Caecum  vulnus  habes;  sed  lato  balteus  auro 
45  Praetegit.     Ut  mavis,  da  verba  et  decipe  nervos, 
Si  potes.     ^*  Egregium  quum  me  vicinia  dicat, 
Non  credam?"     Viso  si  palles,  improbe,  numo ; 
Si  facis,  in  penem  quidquid  tibi  venit  amarum ; 
Si  puteal  multa  cautus  vibice  fiagellas; 

41.  On  the  stubborn  nature  of '  fern/        48.  <  Into  your  lustful  mind.'  K. 
see  Virg.   G.  iL   239.  (VO,)  264.  et         49.  The  signification  of  this  line  is 
Juv.  ix.  15.  K.  obscure ;  and  a  great  dirersity  of  opinion 

42.  '  We  are  more  bent  upon  finding  exists  among  the  commentators.  From 
flaws  in  our  neighbour's  reputation  ;  the  several  interpretations  proposed,  I 
than  in  raising  our  own  above  the  reach  have  ventured  to  select  the  following, 
of  detraction.'  LU»  *  yfe  are  so  intent  *  If,  with  all  due  precaution  for  jour 
upon  wounding  our  antagonist,  that  we  own  personal  security,  you  render  your- 
leave  our  own  weak  parts  unguarded.'  self  the  scourge  of  the  forum  by  con- 
A  metaphor  from  gladiators.  Hor.  II  stantiy  beating  and  wounding  those  who 
Ep.  ii.  97.  P-R.  Hxy  exc.  viii.  on  yEn.  pass  throug:h  it  alter  dark.'  Q.  Votm- 
vii.  JT.  siOy  P.  Sc^ione  cots,   otittm  forit^  fitda 

43.  ^  Thus  have  we  been  taught :'  domi  lascivia :  qua  Nero  itinera  urhis  et 
L  U,  or  *  thus  have  we  found  it  to  be.'  lupanaria  et  divcrtictthy  veste  sertnli  in 
DB.  dissimulaiiimem  sui  compotitttSy  pererra- 

44.  The  metaphor  is  again  taken  baty  comitantibiis  qui  raperent  vetuiitiau 
from  gladiators,  who,  when  they  re-  ejrposifa  et  obviis  vuhiera  inferreniy  ad- 
ceived  a  wound,  endeavoured  to  conceal  verstu  ignarot  cuUiOy  ut  ipse  quoque  arci' 
it  from  the  view  of  the  spectators,  by  perct  ictus  et  ore  pretjerret, ....  Nero 
drawing  over  it  their  broad  belt.  VS,  autemmetuentiorinpokentmyfnUitesnbi 
It  may  also  allude  to  power  and  wealth,  et  pierosque  gladiatores  circumdedit:  qui 
which  serve  to  blind  the  eyes  of  the  rixarum  inSia  tnodica  et  quasi  pritata 
world  to  many  infirmities  and  faults,  sinerent:  si  a  Ictsis  validius  ageretWy 
CAS,  cf.  Virg.  JE,  v.  312  sq.  xii.  942  amm  inferrerit;  Tac.  A.  xiii.  2b,petu- 
sq.  PR,  lantiamy  libidittemj  tuxuritsniy  avarUiamy 

46.   Ut  mavis;  Hor.  I  S.  iv.  21. PP.  crtidelitateniy  ...   veiut  Jitvenili  errorty 

Da  verba  ;  iii.  19,  note.  M.  exercuit  ,  .  .  post  crepusculum    statim 

*  Deceive  your  own  senses  and  powers.'  arrepto  piieo  vel  gaiero  popincu  inibai: 

cf.  Hor.  I  Ep.  xvi.  21.  PR,  M,  circttniqnevicosvagabatHrtudibuHdHs,nec 

46.  Vicinia 'y  Hor.  II  S.  v.  106.  PR,  sitie pernicie  tameft,  siquidem  redcuniesa 

47.  To  the  forming  a  correct  estimate  cwna  verberarcy  ac  repttgnantes  vulne- 
of  our  own  weak  points,  illud  pracipue  rare,  cloacisque  dcmergere  asstteverat. .  • 
imprdity  quod  dio  nobis  placewus 'y  si  in-  ac  strpe  in  ^wmtotlirixiSy  ocu/vnan  et 
venimus  qui  nos  bouos  viros  dicaty  qui  vita periculum  adiity  a  quodam  latictavio^ 
pmdentesy  qui  sancfoSy  agnoscimus,  nee  ctijus  uxorem  attrectaveraty  prope  ad 
sumus  modica  laudatione  contenti ;  quid-  necem  casus,  quare  numquam  postea  se 
quid  in  ?ios  adulatio  sine  pwlore  congessity  publico  illud  hor  a  sine  tribunis  ctmtmisity 
tamqnam  debitutn  prendimus ;  optimos  procul  et  occulie  subsemtentibus ;  Suet 
n(ts  essCy  sajuentissimos  ajffirmantilus  as-  Ner.  26.  CAS,  PR,  M,  cf.  Juv.  iii. 
seiitivntryCtim  sciamus  illos xcepe mcntiri'y  278 — 304,  notes.  G, 

Sen.  Ep.  .OO.     Alcibiade^  owned  that  Ptdeal  literally  means  *  the  cover  of 

he   hjid   often   suffered   from    flattery;  a  well.'     It  wasasmallinclosure  in  the 

Plat.  Symp.  xxxii.  K,  Comitinmy  the  most  frequented  part  of 

Viso  Sjrr,  cf.  iii.  109  sqq.  Juv.  viii.  9  the  Forum,     It  contained  a  low-raised 

y(|q.  135  sqq.  K,  piece  of  masonry,  and  appears  to  have 


SAT.  IV.  OF  PERSIUS.  423 

45  Nequidquam  populo  bibulas  donaveris  aures. 
Respue,  quod  non  es :  tollat  sua  munera  cerdo ; 
Tecum  habita :  noris,  quam  sit  tibi  curta  supellex. 

been    sometiines   used    as    an    altar.  Bibulas,  cf.  Hor.  II  Od.  xiii.  32.  PR, 

When,  or  why,  it  was  railed  in.  was  a  Prop.  III.  iv.  8.  (BU,)  K, 

matter  of  uncertainty  even  in  Cicero's  51.  "  Fling  the  rabble  back  their  vile 

time ;  though  he  supposed  the  famous  applause."  G,  Mart.  III.  xvi.  ttuUtu 

rasor    and   whet-stone    of   the   augur,  htnwret  tttpe  dot  indignis ;  Hor.  IS.ti. 

Nsvius  was  deposited  there ;  Div.  i.  17.  15  sq.  PR,  Juv.  iv.  153,  note.  M. 

33.  Liv.  i.  36.    There  was  another,  52.  Cf.  i.  7.  CAS.  si  perpendere  ie 

called  the  puteal  of  Libo,  in  the  Julian  vokSy  sepone  pecunkmiy  domum,  dignUa- 

portico  near  the  Fabian  Arch :  Fest.  tern ;  intus  (e  ipse  consule ;  Sen.  £p.  80. 

XTii.  p.  487.  SA,  G,  Dionys.  iii.  fin,  ieiosum  concute;  Hor.  1  S.  iii.  34  sq. 

Cic.  for  Sext.  18.  Hor.  I  £p.  xix.  8.  itS.vuAl^.tuotibiJudicioestutendum: 

II  S.  Ti.  35.  PR,  tUn  si  rede  probanii  phcelns,  turn  non 

50.  Sed  vereoT  necuidete  plus  ouam  modo  tu  ie  mceris,  sea  omnes  ei  omnia  ; 

HU  credos;  Hor.  I  £p.  xtI.  19.  PR.  Cic.  T.  Q.  ii.  63.  ?R. 


SATIRE    V. 


ARGUMENT. 
The  poetical  and  philosophical  claims  of  Persius  rest,  in  some  measure, 
upon  this  poem ;    and  it  is  but  justice  to  say  that  they  are  not  ill 
supported  by  it. 

The  Satire  consists  of  two  parts ;  the  first  ezpresaive  of  the  poef  s  deep 
and  grateful  sense  of  the  kindness  of  his  friend  and  instructor^  Comntus, 
1 — 29,  with  a  beautiful  summary  of  the  blessings  derived  from  his 
wisdom  and  goodness.  30 — 64. 

The  second  part  is  a  laboured  and  ostentatious  display  of  our  poef  s  pro- 
ficiency in  the  esoteric  doctrine  of  the  Stoic  School;  something  most 
here  be  forgiven  to  the  ardour  of  youth,  and  the  vehemence  of  inex- 
perienced virtue.  This  division  of  the  Satire  is  principally  occupied 
with  that  celebrated  paradox  of  the  sect,  that  the  wise  man  alone  is 
essentially  free;  65  sqq.  and  that  the  passions  of  avarice,  109  sqq. 
luxury,  142  sqq.  love,  161 — 175.  ambition,  176  sqq.  superstition,  179 
sqq.  and  other  passions  exercise  as  despotic  a  control  over  their  victinks 
as  the  severest  taskmaster  over  his  slaves.  It  cannot  be  supposed  that 
much  new  matter  should  be  produced  upon  such  a  topic.  Both  Persias 
and  his  preceptor  came  too  late  for  this ;  and  could  only  repeat,  in  other 
forms,  what  had  been  said  a  thousand  times  before.  But  there  may  be 
ingenuity,  where  there  is  no  novelty ;  and  this  is  not  wanting. 

Some  amusement  may  be  found  in  contrasting  the  sober  eamestnen  of 
Persius,  with  the  solemn  irony  of  Horace.  The  language  of  both  is 
much  the  same,  and  the  conclusions  do  not  greaUy  differ;  bat  Um 
Stertinius  of  the  latter,  in  spite  of  his  inflexible  gravity,  must  have  pro- 
voked resistless  laughter ;  while  the  youthful  poet  commands  respect^ 
and  though  he  may  fail  to  convince,  always  secures  attention.  G, 


■i 


ir- 


SAT.  V.  THE  SATIRES  OF  PERSIUS.  425 

Vatibus  hie  mo8  est,  centum  sibi  poscere  voces, 
Centum  ora,  et  linguas  optare  in  carmina  centum :  ^  a/ 

Fabula  seu  maesto  ponatur  hianda  tragoedo,     ho    i^C     ^^  ^^^  "^ 
Vulnera  seu  Parthi  ducentis  ab  inguine  ferrum. 
5       <<  Quorsum  haec  ?  aut  quantas  robusti  carminis  offas 
Ingeris,  ut  par  sit  centeno  gutture  niti? 
Grande  locuturi  nebulas  Helicone  legunto, 
Si  quibus  aut  Procnes  aut  si  quibus  olla  Thyestas 
Fervebit,  ssepe  insulso  ccenanda  GlyconL 
10  Tu  neque  anhelanti,  coquitur  dum  massa  camino, 


1.  Homer  waa  content  with  ten ;  •iilF  mo  deseribere  vulnera  Parthi;  Hor.  II 

tSfm  Umm  ^»  ykSevm,  )i»«  ti  mftmr  S.  i.  16.  Af.  cf.  Ot.  F.  y.681  sqq.  Prop. 

Jtr  O.  B  484.  HofttQfl  equared  the  num-  III.  vii.  63.  (,BU,)  K. 

her  mt  once ;  moh  m  miki  Ungua  centum  Ab  ingume  denotes  the  position  of  the 

«ifiie  etra  tieni  totukm  vooe§gfue  UquaUt ;  quiver,  K,  near  the  groin,  WB»  or  side. 

B.  lit  it  Macr.  8.  tL  8.    With  this  cU  Virg.  JE.  x.  689.  and  SF,  on  JE,  ix. 

hyperbole  succeeding  poets  appear  to  417*  PM,    *  The  Parthian  wounded  bj 

have  reeted  content ;  v  irg.  6.  ii.  43.  JE.  the  lance  of  the  pursuing  Roman,  G, 

▼L  636.  lii.  87  sqq.  Sil.  iv.  627.  Claud,  when  in  the  act  of  drawing  his  arrow 

Prob.  66  sq.  not  so  the  orators:  omnia  from  the  saddle-bow :'  where  holsters  are 

iket  hue  revoeemut  preUeritay  etad  ca*  now  slung. 

nendaa  uniut  iaudesy  univerworum  vatum  6.  "  Those  huge  gobbets  of  robustious 

seriptonan^ue  era  consentiant :  vincet  ta-  song."  6. 

tmenretittamiile  linguatyfyc.  Quint.  6.  '  That  jou  require  the  support.' 

DecL  rLJin.  8.  Hier.  Epit  Paul,  init,  CAS. 

Caenod.  £p.  xi.  1.  PR,  cf.  Virg.  JE,  vi.  7.  Ne,  dum  vitat  humum,  nttbet  et 

43  iQ.  if.  Or.  M.  tUL  632  sqq.  Tr.  i.  463  inania  captet ;  Hor.  A.  P.  230.  PertUM 

sqq.  F.  ii.  119  sqq.  K.  *'  Non  io  se  cento  incpes  rerum,  nugayue  canora;  ib.  322. 

^ieeke  #  kngue  cento  Avetti  e/errea  lena  PR. 

€/€rrea  Mce,  fye."  Tasso.  O.  8.  Procnes;  Juv.  vi«  644,  note.  K. 

8.  IWstia  madum  vultum  verba  de^  Thyest^g ;  Jut.  vii.  73,  note.  SV,  on 

emi:  Hor.  A.  P.  106  sq.  PR,  2E.  i.  672.  Claud,  i.  171.  Hor.  A.  P.  91. 

iVnater ;  L  70,  note.  Quint.  Inst.  iL  K, 

8.  Km  9.  The  theatrical  taste  of  the  Romans 

Hkmda :  Juv.  vi.  634  sqq.  PR.  Prop,  must  have  degenerated  sadly  since  the 

II.xxiii.68q.  Much  bad  taste  prevailed  Augustan  age;  when  such  disgusting 

on  the  stage  in  these  days.  §il^  «i/ Ut/vf  exhibitions  would  have  been  exploded. 

wt^Jiit  n^  Xiym,  fii  mmi  mmr*  iXJit  rt  Hor.  A.  P.  182^188.  PR. 

yiwrnprn  rmg  iwtMf$Tmsi  UmW.  §i  w»X>juui  Camanda  is  here  used  for  <  to  be  acted,' 

S  'Aym^Mm  I  K^MffH  I  mm}  'HtmrnXUmt  <»  forming  one  of  the  orincipal  features 

mWm  w^i0mw»f  iwuXn^Jm,  xt^*^f  *^-  '°  *^®~  tragedies :  in  lUie  manner  waltare 

fn^fumt,  m}  hs^  /Ui«-Mri^  mmi  f^iym  fabulum  is  used ;  Ov.  Tr.  ii.  619.  Juv. 

m»xv*^**'t^'^  f#lyy#tr«i »«}  /r;^49M)  ▼*•  ^»  Hor.  I  S.  v.  63.  K. 

ymmmSUt,  mmi  Ww  'RmA(ht  n  n#Xi^W  Th«  ,  tolerating  such   an  unnatural 

••«Xi  rmmtnUip^'  Luc.  Nigr.  t.  i.  p.  60.  spectacle,  enacted  by  an  *  insipid'  per- 

Hor.  A.  P.  96  sq.  K.  former  was  a  reproach  to  the  audience. 

Trag€Nka9iAiragicut^SeT2Jicom<g-  ^*                 ..   ,,,             -r           ^' 

dus  and  comieus :  Juv.  iii.  94.  PR.  *<>•  J^v.  vii.  Ill,  note.  K.  a  noetrt* 

4.  The  Parthian  wars  were  carried  on  procul  est  crnnu  vesica  hbelUs,  musa  nee 

under  Augustus  and  Nero.  cf.  Tac.  An.  »»«ww  syrmate  nostra  tumet;  Mart.  IV. 

xft  sq.  Suet  Just  Dio.  PR.  aut  labeniis  »!«•  7  aq.  PR- 

3  I 


426  THE  SATIRES  sat.  t. 

Folle  premis  ventos;  nee  clause  murmure  raueus 
Nescio  quid  tecum  grave  comicaris  inepte ;     ^ 
Nee  stloppo  tumidas  intendis  rumpere  buccas* 
Verba  togae  sequeris,  junctura  callidus  acri, 
15  Ore  teres  medico,  pallentes  radere  mores 
Doctus  et  ingenue  culpam  defigere  ludo. 
Hinc  trahe,  quae  dicas;  mensasque  relinque  Mycenis 

11.  Ct  iii.  81 ,  note.  3f.  suited  to  compositions  in  a  familiar  style, 

12.  *  Nor  do  jou  croak.'  Priscian  viiL  as  opposed  to  the  stretch-moatiieddecla- 
S28.  alii  intra  se  nescio  quid  comicantet  mation  of  tiie  heroic  poets.  The  frequent 
tumentia  verba  trutinantur^  fyc,  S.  Hier.  recurrence  of  poetical  rehearsals,  and 
Ep.  iy.  PR,  M^^ur  Arist.  PI.  369,  the  obligation  of  attending  them,  is  men- 
Sohol.  Virg.  G.  i.  389.  (HT,)  K,  tioned  not  onlj  in  instances  in  which  it 

Inepte ;  Hor.  A.  P.  457  sq.  K,  might  be  considered  as  a  ludicrous  ezag- 

13.  StioppuM  is  the  sound  made  by  in-  geration,  but  seriously  by  Pliny,  among 
flating  the  cheeks  to  their  utmost  extent,  others,  asone  of  the  main  inconveniences 
and  then  forcibly  expelling  the  air  bj  attendant  upon  a  residenee  in  Bome. 
striking  them  together  witii  the  hands.  An  occupation  which  took  up  so  much 
PR.  of  the  leisure  of  a  refined  and  &«tidiaas 

14.  Verba  togm.  This  phrase  must  people  must  have  given  rise  to  a  variety 
have  signified  *  the  language  of  good  of  phrases  such  as  that  of  which  Persiiis 
society  at  Rome,'  as  distinguished  from  here  makes  use.  FREL  cL  Hor.  A.  P. 
that  of  the  populace,  (/«ni«i/i«;x^//M*,;  323.  CAS.  V.  Flac.  ii.  242.  (BU.)  K. 
and  from  that  of  the  provinces  and  a  plena  queedam  oratio,  et  tamen  teret  ae 
great  part  of  Italy,  where  **  none  as*  tenuis,  at  non  tine  nervis  ae  viriUu ;  Cie. 
sumed  the  toga  but  the  dead."  The  toga  Or.  iii.  197.  PR  not  like  the  specimen 
had  fallen  into  general  disuse  among  the  in  i.  98 — 102.  3f. 

lower  orders  in  the  days  of  Augustus,  Po/fen^may  allude  to  the  effects  of  a 

and  from  his  reign  to  the  age  in  which  guilty  conscience:  nil comcire sibij  nuUn 

Persius  lived,  there  was  sufficient  time  pallucere  culpa;  Hor.  I  £p.  i.  61.  LU. 

for  the  invention  of  a  term  so  obvious.  Juv.i.  165sqq.^.  Or  the  images  and  ex- 

The  phrase  in  question  was  not  coined  pression  may  be  taken  from  the  spectacles 

by  Persius  himself,  but  owed  its  origin  of  the  circus.    Radere  means  to  graie 

to  some  one  of  the  innumerable  dicacet  with  a  dart  or  other  missile  weapon.which 

et  urbani  who  had  preceded  him ;    he  accounts  for  wUlentet ;    and  as  the  btS 

employed  it  as  a  well  known  and  fami-  gladiatorii  and  the  venaHones  of  tiie  Cir- 

liar  expression.  FRE.  cus  were  considered  as  degrading  to  those 

Notum  si  callida  verbum  reddiderit  who  exhibited  themselves,  tiie  poet,  in 
junctura  novum;  Hor.  A.  P.  47  sq.  col-  applying  the  metaphor  to  himself,  takes 
/{V/m«, 'workmanIy,'isthereused(asitis  care  to  quidify  the  word  Imdms  by  the 
by  Persius)  in  strict  conformity  to  the  epithet  of  ingenuus  *  gendemanly.'  The 
metaphor ;  (cf.  i.64,  note.)  acrisjunctura  ffames  of  the  Circus,  likewise,  must  have 
may  be  understood  to  signify  what  a  xumished  a  large  supply  of  phrases  to  the 
workman  might  call  '  a  sharp  joint,'  conversational  dialect  of  a  people  among 
meaning  one  that  was  close  and  accurate,  whom  they  were  considered  as  an  object 
We  may  conclude  that  the  expression  of  interest,  second  only  to  the  immediate 
used  by  Persius.  like  those  of  Horace,  necessaries  ofMe,;xifl«me<ctroeiijes.  The 
was  familiar  ana  usual  in  his  time,  that  association  of  ideas  between  a  satirist  re- 
it  had  its  origin  in  the  manufactory  and  citing,  and  an  armed  man  in  a  menacing 
the  shop,  and  was  from  thence  trans-  attitode,  is  not  peculiar  to  Persius,  it 
ferred  into  the  phraseology  of  the  higher  occurs  in  Juvenal,  ense  vebU  striets 
orders  as  indicative  of  elaborate  accu-  guoties  Lucilius  ardet;  u  166.  The  ap- 
racy,  either  in  literature  or  upholstery,  parent  confusion  of  metaphors  in  this 
FRE.  passage  is  a  strong  proof  that  it  consists 

15.  Ore  teres  modico  is  descriptive  of  of  terms  in  familiar  use.  FRE* 

the  natural  and  easy  mode  of  recitation  17.  Ttespicere  exen^jdar  fMm  \ 


SAT.  V.  OF  PERSIUS.  427 

Cum  capite  et  pedibus,  plebeiaque  prandia  noris." 
NoM  equidem  hoc  studeo,  bullatis  ut  mihi  nugis 

20  Pagina  turgescat  dare  pondus  idonea  fumo; 

Secreti  loquimur.     Tlbi  nunc,  hortante  Camena, 
Excutienda  damns  proecordia ;  quantaque  nostrse         /'  ^y 
Pars  tua  sit,  Comute,  animss,  tibi,  dulcis  amice, 
Ostendisse  juvat.     Pulsa,  dignoscere  cautus  ^  U 

25  Quid  solidum  crepet  et  pictae  tectoria  linguae.     VayVH^^^^^ 
Hie  ego  centenas  ausim  deposcere  voces, 
Ut,  quantum  mihi  te  sinuoso  in  pectore  fixi, 
Voce  traham  pura  totumque  hoc  verba  resignent,  .'^  j     f^ 

Quod  latet  arcana  non  enarrabile  fibra.       ^'^-*^  ^^'^  c^o^^^yH^ 

( 

JmMo  dodum  imiiaiorem  et  vertu  hme  iv.  69.  Stat.  S.  III.  ii.  7  sq.  Luc.  Toz. 

dueere  vocet;  Hor.  A.  P.  317  sq.  K.  t.  ii.  p.  658.  K.   Ov.  Her.  x.  58.  xviii. 

18.  <  The  head  and  feet'  were  re-  126  sq.  M.  viii.  406.  Maxim.  £1.  ii.  1 
•erred  to  show  Thjestes,  on  what  he  had  sq.  y.  117  sq.  D.  Chrys.  Or.  iii.  56.  S. 
been  banqueting,  denudat  artus  dirut  Hier.  Ep.  i.  xv.  M.  FeL  i.  p.  20.  Lact. 
ofTMf  OMo  an^ftdai;  ionium  ora  terwxt  ei  de  M.  Pers.  viii.  Clem.  Bom.  Ep.  Cor. 
daitufidti  manut;  Sen.  Thy.  PR,  Her.  ii.  12.  and  that  beautiful  picture  of  per- 
i.  1 19,  notes.  feet  friendship  which  is  described  in  Acts 

'  Familiarize  yooraelf  wi&  every-daj  iy.  32. 

dmnen.'  Armaut  Comutus  was  banished  by 

19.  *■  Inflated  frothj  nothings.'  am-  Nero,  in  die  fourth  year  after  the  deaw 
fmUoi  ei  teaqtdjfedaUa  verba;  Hor.  A.  P.  of  his  pupil.  LU. 

97.  PR.  "  Air-blown  trifles."  G,  24.  Pulaa:  a  metaphor  from  earthen- 

SO. '  The  page'  is  put  for  its  contents,  ware,  which  will  not  ring,  when  struck. 

Prop.  XL  xni.  1.  inque  Ubellit  crevigtet  if  there  is  any  flaw  in  it.  LU.  c£  iii.  21. 

Mne  ie  pagina  muUa  meis;  Ov,  Tr.  Y.  ix.  M,  Auson.  Id.  xyi.  12  sqq.  K, 

3  M.  Mart  IX.  Ixxriii.  2.  K,  26.  <  The  thin  yamish  of  the  painted 

Nupe  addere  pondut;  Hor.  I  Ep.  xix.  tongue.'  LU,  cf.  Juy.  yi.  467. 

4S.  M.  Res  eti  (t.  e,  the  Holy  Scripture)  aolida 

SI. '  Yon  are  not  to  suppose  that  what  ei  sincera^  non  fucata  eloquioy  nee  uUo 

I  am  about  to  say  is  dictated  either  by  lingua  tedario  inane  aliquid  ac  penduium 

flattery  or  a  loye  of  display :  for  we  are  crepitat;  S.  Aug.  to  Yolus.  PK.   Com- 

enjqying  a  snug  tete-a-tete.'  LU*  pare  St  Matthew  xxiii.  27.  M, 

33.  EtpHcandus  eti  animusj  et  qtuB'  26.  Persius  intimates,  to  borrow  ^e 

tumque  (umd  iihnn  (kpoaiia  swUy  etdfinde  words  of  Cicero,  omni  officio  ac  poUus 

£m!uti  detent;  Sen.  Ep.  72.  K,    <  To  be  pietaie  erga  Cor  nut  um^  etei  aliia  mMiis- 

tfaonmghly  sifted :'  but  cf.  27  sq,  notes,  faceret  omnibus,  at  ipsum  sibi  numquam 

PrtJKordia:    »iiyii  p^p  rk  p^tSv  i^  satis/acere;    Ep.    i.    1.    to    Lentalus. 

uim^  Up^^'  Theoc.  xxix.  3.  K,  PR, 

33.  This  sentiment  is  borrowed  from  27.  '  Full  of  folds :'  a  metaphor  from 

Pythagoras,  who  said  a  friend  was  *^  an-  a  gown.  K, 

o>Uier  self."   Horace  calls  Yirgil,  anwue  38.  <  I  may  draw  forth'  from  those 

dimitHmmmeeB',  I  Od.  iii.  8.  VS,  Orestes  folds.  K, 

and   Pylades  d$u>  corporibus,  mentibus  Pura  opposed  to  picta:  LU,  *  guile- 


eranti  Ov,  Tr.  IV.  iv.  72.  S.  Aug.  less.'  M. 

Conf.  iy.  6.      Hence   the   expression  *  May  unseal,'  PR.  *  and  unfold  for 

09f$^9X^  used  by  Greg.  Naz.  PR,  The  your  perusal,  more  than  my  words  can 

same  idea  is  constantly  occurring  both  express.' 

in  heathen  and  in  Christian  writers:  as  39.  Fibra:  i.  47.  PA.   Luc.  ii.  286 

Hor.  II  Od.  xyii.  6  sqq.  Oy.  Pont.  III.  sq.  SU.  i.  140.  K. 


428 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  Y. 


30       Quum  primum  pavido  custos  mihi  purpura  cetsit 
BuUaque  succinctis  Laribus  d^yp^te  P^P®'^^^ ' 
Quum  blandi  comites,  totaque  impune  Subura 
Permisit  sparsisse  oculos  jam  candidus  umbo : 
Quumque  iter  ambiguum  est  et  yite  nescius  error 

35  Diducit  trepidas  ramosa  in  compita  mentes, 
Me  tibi  supposui.     Teneros  tu  suscipis  annas 


30.  Boys  might  feel '  timid*  (Jut.  xtI. 
3.  M,)  at  first  laying  aside  the  dress  of 
their  early  years,  andassuming  the  garb 
of  manhood.  LU'.  Cat  Ixviii.  15  sqq.  Ot, 
Tr.  IV .  z.  27  sqq.  Prop.  III.  xiii.  3  sqq. 
A'. 

The  jorcetexta  was  intended  to  be  '  a 
protection'  to  those  who  wore  it.  CAS, 
(Macr.  S.  i.  6.  SCH,  Plin.  ix.  36.  orw- 
iexta  infirmitatempueritkt  mcram  fieri  et 
venercUfilem,  turn  secus  ac  ncerdoies  vet" 
tibus  suit;  Quint.  Decl.  340.  cf.  imberhit 
JuvenU  tandefn  cutiode  remote;  Hor.  A. 
P.  161.  PR.)  In  the  general  corrup- 
tion of  manners,  however,  its  sacred  cha- 
racter was  utterly  disregarded.  Cic.  Cat. 
ii.  2.  10.  PhiL  ii.  18.  Juv.  x.  808. 
Mart,  sap.  For  better  security  the  boys 
were  always  accompanied  to  and  from 
school  by  a  pedagogue.  Hor.  I  S.  vi. 
81  sqq.  Jut.  z.  114  sqq.  Mart.  XI.  xl. 
cf.  Projp.  II.  iii.  10  sq.  Petr.  85.  V. 
Max.  iii.  1.  iv.  1.  Plin.  £p.  iii.  3.  K, 
per  hoc  inane jmrpurtB  decutprecor;  Hor. 
Ep.  V.  7.  DN, 

31.  Bulla;  Jut.  t.  164,  note.  PR, 
Petr.  60.  K,  Boys  consecrated  their 
bulla ^  as  girls  did  their  doUs :  cf.  ii.  70, 
note.  Ay  ▼.  18.  PR,  This  dedication 
was  a  private  ceremony ;  the  putting  on 
of  the  toga  was  a  public  one.  If  the 
latter  was  performed  at  Rome,  the  youths 
repaired  immediately  afterwards  to  some 
temple  (generally  to  the  Capitol)  to 
complete  the  ceremony  by  ofifering  the 
customary  sacriiices.  Being  an  act  of 
great  solemnity,  it  frequently  formed, 
among  the  youths  who  changed  their 
gown  at  the  same  time,  a  bond  of  fellow- 
ship which  subsisted  unbroken  through 
life.  G.  Hor.  I  Od.  xxxvi.  9. 

Succinctis,  cf.  cinctutis;  Hor.  A.  P. 
50.  These  dom^tic  deities,  who  were 
rather  regarded  as  palladia  or  amulets 
than  as  gods  of  power,  were  probably 
represented  in  the  same  homely  garb 
which  they  wore  before  Rome  became  a 
city.    A  kind  of  affectionate  home-bred 


saperstition  forbade  all  attempts  at  inno- 
vation in  their  costume.  G,  They  were 
dressed,  after  the  Gabinian  fashion,  with 
their  toga  twisted  over  the  left  shooldery 
leaving  the  right  arm  bare.  VS*  d  Or. 
F.  v.  129  sq.  (BU.)  Prop.  IV.  i.  ISl, 
(BK.  VU,)K. 

32.  '  "When  I  had  indulgent  com- 
panions, who  would  let  me  go  my  own 
way  ;  instead  of  an  uncle  to  thwart  me 
and  a  pedagogue  to  corb  me.'  PR.  M. 

Subura;  Juv.  iii.  6,  note.  FR,  Ab^ 
L.  t.  ii.  Ep.  xU.  p.  514.  {BU.)  K. 

33.  Ov.F.iu.771-778.  K. 


excessU  ex  ephebiSy  Uberhu 
potestas:  anlea  ceroatas, metus,  magister 
prohibebani;  Ter.  And.  I.  i.  34  sqq. 
oculi  sunt  in  amore  duces;  Or.  PJf. 
Their  white  gown,  having  the  gloss  of 
newness  on  this  momentous  oocanony 
would  be  candidus,  0» 

The  toga  was  so  arranged  as  to  be 
gathered  into  many  plaits  on  the  left 
shoulder;  the  centre,  where  sil  these 
folds  met,  was  called  the  umbo  or  *  bo«.' 
CAS.  T.  cf.  Tert.  de  PaU.  p.  373  tqq- 
palla  nigerrimOf^plendesoens  airo  nUmtf 
met  circumcirca  remeoiu^  ef  sub  degtnam. 
lotus  ad  ftumerum  Ugvum  recurrensy  «si- 
bonis  vicem  d^fecta parte iacimm  nttiftt- 
plici  contabukaUme  depemhtia;  ApoL  zi. 
LI.  From  this  boss,  the  extremity  of 
the  lappet  fell  down  before,  and  was 
tucked  into  the  girdle,  forming  te 
«mtM,  (an  apology  for  a  pocket,)  in 
which  papers  and  other  liffht  articles 
were  earned ;  and  it  is  far  ntim  impfo- 
bable  that  some  affected  display  was 
made  of  it,  in  the  pride  of  recent  man- 
hood. G. 

Si,  Cf.  iii.  56,  note.  PR.  Jut.  ii.  90, 
note. 

35.  o;  Am  rk  Hh  iish  tbfU^dfiOLm' 
Arist.  Rh.  II.  xiv.  2. 

Ramosa:  cf.  Aus.  Id.  xt.  PR. 

36.  The  metaphor  may  be  taken  from 
an  animal  placmg  its  neck  under  the 
yoke  J  Ov.  Am.  III.  z.  13.  or  from  a 


SAT.  V.  OF  PERSIUS.  429 

SocraticOy  Cornute,  sinu.     Tunc  fallere  solers 

Apposita  intortos  extendit  regula  mores  /  /  / 

Et  premitur  ratione  animus  vincique  laborat         ^    '^  UyViLk^Z^ 
40  Artificemque  tuo  ducit  sub  pollice  vultum. 
'  Tecum  etenim  longos  memini  consumere  soles 

Et  tecum  primas  epulis  decerpere  noctes. 

Unum  opus  et  requiem  pariter  disponimus  ambo 

Atque  yerecunda  laxamus  seria  mensa. 
45  Non  equidem  hoc  dubites,  amborum  fcedere  certo 

Consentire  dies  et  ab  uno  sidere  duci. 


calf  sacking ;  Varr.  B.  B.  V .  ii.  6. 17.  Arist  Eth.  rii.  (where  he  treats  of  sel  f- 

JT.  control,)  and  i.  13. 

37*  The  Stoics  traced  their  philosophy  40.  Artifictm  sometimes  signifies  '  a 

from  Socrates  bj  the  following  line  of  finished  piece  of  workmanship.'  Oy.  A. 

aaeceasion :    (1)    Socrates,  (2)  Antis-  A.  iii.  565  sq.  Y.  Flac.  Ti.  465.  cf.  Prop, 

thenes,  (3)  Diogenes,  (4)  Crates,  (5)  I.ii.  8.  (BXJ,)  Id,  II.  zxiii.  8.  (BK,)  K. 

Zeno,   (6)  Cleanthes,  (7)  Chrysippns :  Juv.  vii.  237  sq,  notes.  PR.  Stat.  S. 

et  Pint  Laert.  Cic.  PR.  vade,  hot  IV.  vi.  27.  K. 

paUmOy  utgenitor,  excipiam  sinu;  Sen.  41.  Setpe  ego  hngoe  cantando puerum 

jfed.S84.  SocroHcafide ;  Petr.  129.  cfl  memini  me  condere  tales;  Virg.  £.  iz. 

Qoint.  i.  9.  ii.  2.  K.  51  sq.  PA.  Id.  JE.  iii.  203.  Nemes.  £c. 

'  Yon  corrected  me  with  such  skill  ii.  25.  ^1.  Y.  H.  xiii.  1.  K. 

and  address,  that  I  insensibly  amended :  42.  By  '  the  first  nights/  is  meant 

so  gradually  was  your   discipline  re-  *  the  first  part  of  the  night'  t.  e.  ^  an 

▼ealed,  that  I  was  happily  cheated,  as  hour  or  two  after  sunset.'  SCH.    **  Of 

it  were,  into  reformation.'   CAS.  M.  the  night  Have  borrowed  the  first  hours, 

Hor.  I  £p.  xrii.  10.  K,  cf.  Lucr.  i.  feasting  with  thee  On  the  choice  dain- 

936—949.   "  Cart  cdP  egro  fanciuipor-  ties  of  philosophy."  HO. 

gieunoy  asperti  Di  mane  Ucoty  gli  orU  Decerpere  is  contrasted  with  contU' 

deivam:  Suochi  amariy  ingannatOf  in-  mere,  IC. 

ttmio  ei  6eee,  E  daW  wgcamo  tuo  vita  43.  Omnibut  una  quiet  operum.  labor 

rieefte;"  Tasso,  G.  L.^.  iii.  omnibutidem;  Yirg. G.  iv.  184.  pR. 

38.  A  metaphor  from  workmen.  SCJ7.  44.  Cf.  Athen.  Macr.  vii.  1.  Grell. 
*  Extends,' aiidoonaeqaently*  straight-  xiii.  11.  PR.    There  seems  to  be  a  pe- 

ens.'  PR.  culiar  beauty  in   Persius's  talking  all 

39.  Ammumrege'yquiynitiparetyim-  along  in  the  present  tense:  he  recol- 
perai :  htme  frenitj  hune  tu  compeace  lected  with  so  much  pleasure  those  days 
catena  \  Hor.  I  £p.  ii.  62  sq.  homo  cum  which  were  past,  that  he  seemed  to  live 
ammo  inde  ah  ineunie  ettate  depugnai  them  over  again.  DN. 

mm  •••tu  sitmimum  vicisii  poHutj  qwrni  45.  Fcedere  certo ;   Yirg.  JE.  i.  62. 

atUmmt  le,  eti  quodgaudeat ;  Plant.  Trin.  Sil.  xv.  76.  K.  magnut  erii  Geminitamor 

II.  ii.  24  &c.  cf.  Cic.  Off.  i.  28,  fin,  et  concordia  duplex ;    quotque    dabuni 

ejjkiendum  est  auiem ,  ut  cqjpetitut  raiioni  Chelae  et  quot  oat  Aquarius  ortutj  unum 

abedkaUy  tfC,  ib.  29.     As  the  horse  is  pectus  habentyfideique  imnwbile  vinclum; 

broken  in  by  the  rider,  so  is  the  mind  to  Man.  ii.  PR.  It  was  believed  that  this 

be  manageid  by  reason ;    Plato.   PR.  unanimity  did  not  subsist  between  such 

Yirg.  M,  viii.  81.  CJTF.)  Prop.  II.  i.  as  were  bom  under  every  sign,  a/ ^t6tt« 

10.  Arist  B.  868.  K.    The  imperfect  in  lucem  Pisces  venientibus  adsunt,  his 

habit  of  continence  is  here  pictured :  non  una  manet  semper  sententia  cordi  ; 

where  the  passions  are  not  yet  brought  commutant  animos  inierdum  etfoedera 

to  acquiesce  without  reluctance  in  the  rumpuni  ac  repetunt]    Manil.  li.  MAR. 

supremacy  of  reason,  as  is  the  case  in  the  46.  ScU  Genius  natale  comes  qui  tem- 

parfiset  character  of  temperance,  cf.  perat  astrum;    Hor.  II  £p.  ii.  187. 


430  THE  SATIRES  sat.?. 

Nostra  vol  sequali  suspendit  tempora  Libn^  4 

Parca  tenax  veri,  seu  nata  fidelibus  hora  '/'■-*  /''^-'^  •  r^T^/^ 

Dividit  in  Geminos  concordia  fata  duonim        /^    (  ^'^ 
50  Saturnumque  gravem  nostro  Jove  firangimus  una : 

Nescio  quod,  certe  est,  quod  me  tibi  temperat,  astnim. 
Mille  hominum  species  et  rerum  discolor  usus : 

Velle  suum  cuique  est  nee  veto  vivitur  uno. 

Mercibus  hie  Italis  mutat  sub  sole  recenti 
55  Rugosum  piper  et  pallentis  grana  cumini : 

Hie  satur  irriguo  mavult  turgescere  somno: 


Mar,   tic  phcUum  Pare  is  sen  Libra  ad  eum  quo  vemerHna  tepei  regio;  Hor.  I 

teu  me  Scorpiot  adspicit/ormidoiottUfpars  S.  iv.  39  sq.  VS,  impiger  egirrmos  cmrU 

violenHor  natalis  horae  teu  tyrannus  mercaior  ad  Indot;  1  £p.  i.  45.    Tbe 

Hetperia  Capricortuu  unda  ;  utrumque  word  mutai  properly  beloniged  to  a  period, 

nottrumincredibilimodo  consent  it  as-  when  commerce  coiiAsted  in  barter. 

irum;  te  Jovis  impio  tuiela  Saturno  utinamtctumeviia posset ahdicariawntm^ 

refulgens  eripuitf  fyc,  Hor.  II  Od.  xvii.  sacra  fames,  ad  pemidemvitte  itpeitum, 

16  sqq.  (JA.)   VS,  PR.  Jut.  vii.  194  quantum  feliciore  osvo,  pntm  res  ^mc 

sqq,  notes.  K,  permutadantur  inter  se,  atcutet  Tr^jamis 

47.  *■  The  balance'  is  a  symbol  of  temporibus  factitatum,  Hemero  credi 
equality.  When  the  sun  enters  this  convenit,  ita  ernm,  ut  opinory  commercia 
fdgn  (which  is  about  the  20ih  of  Septem-  victus  gratia  hwenia,  fyc.  Plin.  xxxiii.  I. 
ber),  the  autumnal  equinox  commences.  The  invention  of  commerce  is  attributed 
felix  aquaUe  genitus  sub  pondere  Libra  ;  to  the  Phceniclans ;    Id.  Tii.  66.  A,  it. 

Man.  V.  PR.  15.  PR.  cf.  Ar.  Eth.  v.  5. 

48.  Parca  non  mendcuc;  Hor.  II  Od.  55.  H<e  (i.  e.  the  pods  of  '  pepper/) 
xvi.  S9.  *  The  Fate'  of  the  Stoics  is  priusquam  dehiscoftt  deoerpta  tetttrntpe 
bere  meant  LXJ.  cf.  Jut.  iii.  27,  note.  sotCfJaciunt  quod  vocaiur psper  hmgnm  ; 
Virg.  £•  It.  47.  PR.  pauUatim   vero   dekiscentes  medaaHate, 

50.  .Cf.  Jut.  Ti. 569  sq,  note./elicesque  ostendunt  candidum  piper;  quod  deimie 
Jmns  steUas  Martisque  rapacis  et  grave  tostum  solibus  colore  rugisque  mtdatmr ; 
Satumi  sidus  in  omne  caput;  Prop.  lY.  Plin.  H.  N.  xii.  7  s  14.  and  again,  qua 
i.  83  sq.  PR.  Macr.  S.  i.  19.  Ptol.  in  pmer  eignunt  juniperis  nostris  similes ; 
FABy  B.  Gr.  t.  Ti.  14.  p.  449.  Gell.xiT.  ib.  PR.  v.  136.  Jut.  xIt.  293.  *  The 
1.  Cic.  DiT.  ii.  Sext.  Emp.  t.  Petr.  39.  K.  cumin,'  which  is  a  mere  dwarf  in  our 

51.  Nescio  quid  certe  est;  Virg.  £.  gardens,  grows  to  the  height  of  eight  or 
viii.  107.  Ot.  Her.  xii.  212.  nine  feet  in  hot  countries.     It  is  nrach 

Astrum  is  properly  '  a  constellation.'  cultiTated  by  the  Maltese,  with  whom 

LIT.  it  forms  an  article  of  commerce.  DD. 

52.  Quot  capiia.  tot  senientia ;  suus  It  seems  to  haTC  been  used  at  common 
cuiVtt^tnof;  Ter.  Ph.II.  iii.  14.Cassiod.  tables  as  a  substitute  for  '  pepper,' 
quot  capitum  vivunty  totidem  studiorum  which  was  very  expensiTe.  G.  cummum 
miilia  ;  Hor.  II  S.  i.  27.  VS.  PR.  inque  palUtrem  bibentibutgignit.  ita  eerie  fenmi 
aliis  rebus  multis  dijferre  necesse  est  Porcii  LatroniSy  cktri  inter  magietrm 
naturas  hominum  variaSy  moresque  «e-  dicendiy  ajffecteUores  similitudinem  colons 
quaces  \  Lucr.  iii.  315  sq.  studOs  contracti  imitatosy  Sfc.  Plin.  xx. 

53.  Trahit  sua  quemque    volnptas'y  14  s  67.  il\x.s  47*  xv.  29.  quod  si paUerem 
Virg.  E.  ii.  65.  VS.  quod  tibi  magnopere  casu  biberent  exsangue  cuminum ; 
cordi  esty    mihi  vehementer    dupUcet ;  Hor.  I  £p.  xix.  17  sq.  PR.  K. 
Lucil.  PR.  cf.  Or.  A.  A.  i.  759 sq.  Hor.  56.  Fessos sopor  irrigat  artus;  Virg. 
I  Od.  i.  and  I  S.  It.  25  sqq.  K.  &.  iii.  511.  •».  i.  691.  (HY.)  Lucr.  iT. 

54.  Hie  mutai  merces  surgente  a  sole  908.  The  metaphor  is  taken  from  plants 


SAT,  V.  OF  PERSIUS.  431 

Hie  campo  indulget :  hunc  alea  decoquit :  ille 
'  "^X  '  In  Vcmerem  est  putris :  sed  quum  lapidosa  chiragra 
Fregerit  articulos,  veteris  ramalia  fagi, 
60  Tunc  crassos  transisse  dies  lucemque  palustrem, 
Et  sibi  jam  sen  vitam  ingemuere  relictam. 

At  te  nocturnis  juvat  impallescere  chartis. 
Cultor  enim  juvenum  purgatas  inseris  aures 
Fnige  Cleanthea.     Petite  hinc,  juvenesque  senesque, 
65  Finem  animo  certum  miserbque  viatica  canis. 


which  hecome  more  tracoalent  from  fre-  38.  G.  ''  Anger  and  grief  doe  then  be- 

qaent  watering.  CAS.  of.  Tib.  II.  i.  44.  gin  a  strife  Within  them,  for  their  base 

Hence  also  obesuM  somnut;  Sulpicia  66.  and  durtie  life  Now  spent :  when  now, 

JC  but  now  too  late,  thej  looke  Upon  the 

67.  The  CamputMarHut;  Hor.  I  Od.  life  they  wretchedly  forsooke."  HO. 
Till.  4.  Suet  Aug.  83.  K.  62.  Vof  exeniplaria  Graca  noduma 

Decomtii  is  a  metaphor  from  a  liquor  vertate  manuj  versate  diuma;  Hor.  A.  P. 

which  18  boiled  quite  away.  CAS,  quern  268  sq.  L  U. 

dammota  VetnUy  fuem  prtEcept  alea  nu"        63.  Quodenim  munusreifmblicaafferre 

dot;  Hor.  I  £p.  xyiii.  21.  jPR.  '  boils  mc^fus  meliutve  po$ttemus,  qnamsi  docea- 

to  rags.'  mu9  atque  erudiamut  juveniulemf  Cic. 

68.  '  Wanton.'  cnmet  in  Damalim  Div.  ii.  4.  cuUura  animi phihsopAia  etty 
putret  deponeni  ocuht;  Hor.  I  Od.  qua  eairahit  vitia  radicihu^  etprctparai 
xxxTi.  17  sq.  {J A.)  PR.  mtmni  in  Vene-  animotadsatut  accipiendosyeaque mandai 
rem;  Claua.  x.  66.  K.  eis  et  (ui  ita  dicam)  seriij  qua  aduUa 

Jjgpidom  '  fuU  of  chalk-stones.'  JAJ.  fructua  uberrimot  ferani;  Id.  T.  Q.  ii. 

nodoBa;  Hor.  I  £p.  i.  31.  PR.  13.  nemo  adeo  /erus  eH  ui  non  miUtcere 

Chiragra^  4  Sy^  ^  X**C**'    ^^  possity  si  modo  cuUurtB  paiientem  comnuH 

when  it  affected  the  feet,  it  was  called  dei  aurem.  virtut  est  vitium  fugere  et 

podagra.  LU.  sapientia  prima  stuUiiia  caruisse;  Hor; 

69.  Piostquam  iUisJusta  chiragra  con*  I  £p.  i.  39  sqq.  PR, 

iudit  ariicuUn;   Hor.  II  S.  vil.  16  sq.        64.  <C)fCleanthes,'the8onofPhanes. 

PR.  LU.  cf.  Laert  vii.  174.  (MEN.)  Cic. 

Ramalia;   cf.  i.  97.  M.    The  dead  N.  D.  i.  37.  V.  Max.  viii.  7.  PR.  Cic. 

branches '  of  die  beech'  Tery  soon  decay.  Ac.  iv.  41.  Claud,  xvii.  87  sq.   He  was 

PaUad.  Not.  xt.  2.  Plin.  H.  N.  xvii.  s  the  preceptor  of  Chrysippus.  K.  Jut.  ii. 

79.  K,  7,  note. 

60.  <  Of  gro ss  sensuality.'  M.  ct  Cic.        JEque  pauperibus  prodest,  locupletibus 

for  Sext.  9.  K,  aque;  ague  n^lectum  pueris  senibusque 

*  Light  obscured  hj  dense  fogs,'  M.  nocebii;  Hor.  I  Ep.  i.  26  sq.  PR. 
and  "  All  the  infections  that  the  sun        66.  Certum  voto  pete  finem ;   Hor.  I 


▼anoor  arising  from  marshes,  (commonly  wnmrm  wauttti  rki  w^^ui,in  ri  yt  ^ti 

caued  Jack  o*  lantern  or  Will  o*  the  rinrrtr«;^/«i  rit  ^/«v  wm  n  rix«t  ^^a- 

Wisp,)  which  '^  Bewitches  And  leads  ewmf  wXXng  wniA%t§9  im-   Arist.  £th. 

men  into  pools  and  ditches;"   Butler  ^mA,  \i.  vita  sine  scopovaga.  scire  debet y 

Had.  I.  i.  610.  fil^fi^^  ittXtn  mmi  emS^  quid  petai  illCy  qui  sagittam  tndt  mittcrCy 

mumr  Arist  R.  146  sq.  «/  tunc  dirigere  et  moderaritelum;  errant 

61.  '  The  life  they  have  forsaken:'  consilia  nostra,  quux  non  luMbenty  quo  dirt- 

DN^ '  the  main  end  and  object  of  their  gantur;  Sen.  £p.  71.  K, 

past  liliB,  which  has  been  wholly  thrown  Animo  is  the  dative.  K. 

away  and  abandoned  by  them.'  cf.  iii.  Bias  used  to  say  that  *  Tirtue  was  tbe 


t^ 


432  THE  SATIRES  sat.t. 

it^.\  *  .r-ft^  u    **  ^^^'^^  ^^  ^®^''  Idem  eras  fiet  <<  Quid  ?  quad  magnuiDi 
//  \ji^^^  Nempe  diem  donas."    Sed  quum  lux  altera  yemt;, 

^'am  eras  hestemum  consumsimus.     Ecce  aliod  eras    * 
Egerit  hos  annos  et  semper  paullum  erit  ultra*  -•  •  -    W^.^^ 
70  Nam  quamvis  prope  te,  quamvis  temone  sub  uno  ^ 

Vertentem  sese  frustra  sectabere  canthum, 
Quum  rota  posterior  curras  et  in  axe  secundo. 

Libertate  opus  est,  non  hac,  qua,  ut  quisque  Velina 


best  proTuion  for  life'n  journej:'  UJ*  store,  Till  the  ezhaoBted  well  can  yield 

Laert.  i.  aptisthna  omnino  tunt  arma  no  more." 

seneduHsy  artes  exercitaiioneague  viriu-  69.  EgerUj  not  from  agere^  bat  from 

tttm  qua  in  omni  tetaie  cuUa,  cum  muUum  egerere ;  CAS. '  consomes,  exhamrts.'  M. 

diupte  vueeris  tnirificot  ajfferunt  firueius,  ioia  fuerelU  egeriUrfuettuqme  dia;  V. 

910ft  solum  auia  numquam  deterunt,  ne  Flac.  viii.  4&  so.  Jl.  truaUur  diet  die 

eaetremoquiaemtempore€tiaiis(quamqucnn  novaque pergutU  mterirt  hmet ;  Hot.  II 

id  nuunmum  est)  verum  etiam  quia  cem-  Od.  zriii.  16  sq,  PR, 

scieniia  bene  acke  viia,  muAorumque  70.  The  iemo  is  *  tbe  perch,'  its  oon- 

bene/aciorumrecordatiojucundisiifnaeti;  tinuation  forms  the  pole;    to  tbe  ez- 

Cic.  Sen.  9.  PR,  tremity  of  which  is  attached  Ae  yoke. 

*  Miserable'  would  they  be  without  The  opposite  end  is  connected  at  right 

such  proTision.  LU.  angles  to  *  the  hind  axle,'  parallel  to 

66.  Cf.  S.  Aug.  Conf.  yiii.  10  sq.  creu  which,  where  the  perch  and  pole  meet,  is 

te  victurum,  eras  diciSy  PitHume,  semper;  the  f o r  e  axle. 

die  mihiy  eras  iHud,  Postume^  quando  71*   Ccmihus  *  the  felloe:'    a  word, 

veniif  quam  longe  eras  istudf  ubi  ettf  which  Quintilian  objects  to  as  a  bar- 

€ttU  unde  petendumf  numquid  apud  Par'  barism,   being   either   an    Afiriean   or 

thos  Armeniogque  iatelf  Jean  eras  istud  Spanish  word.  i.  3. 6.  {BU,)  [One  of  those 

habetPriamivelNestorisannos.crasistud  words,  in  all  probability,  which  were 

ntti  die  mihiy  possit  emit  eras  vives :  domesticated  in  Spain,  owing  to  its  long 

ejam  vivercy  jPostumey  serttm  est.  iile  subjection  to  Carthage :  as  we  find  in 

sapityquisquiSyPostumeyVtjniheri;'6/LzTt,  the  modem  language  many  remains  of 

V .  Iviii.  PR,  qui  non  est  hodiey  eras  minus  the  Arabic,  which  were  engrafted  on  it 

apius  erit;  Ov.  R.  A.  94.  CAS.    ''  Be  during  the  dominion  of  the  Moors :  see 

wise  to  day,  'tis  madness  to  defer:  Next  Weston's  Treatise  on  this  subject]  m- 

day  the  fatal  precedent  will  plead.  Thus  ducenda  rota  est,  das  nobis  utile  mmmu. 

on,  till  wisdom  is  push'd  out  of  life,  isie  troehusjnteris,  at  imAi  eanihus  erU; 

Procrastination  is  me  thief  of  time  ;  Mart.  XIV\  clxviii.  PR.  irmf*  Hom.  B 

Year  after  year  it  steals,  till  all  are  fled,  728.  K.  'the  tire  of  the  wheel.'  LU, 

And  to  the  mercies  of  a  moment  leaves  The  Greek  word  has  probably  a  com- 

The  vast  concerns  of  an  eternal  scene ;"    mon  origin.  

Young,  N.  Th.  i.  DN,    "  To-morrow,  72.  Cf.  Virg.  iE.  i.  166.  (J3T.)  Hor. 

and  to-morrow,  and  to-morrow.  Creeps,  I  £p.  ii.  41  sqq.  Ov.  M.  xv.  179  m^, 

in  this  petty  pace  from  day  to  day,  K, 

To  the  last  syllable  of  recorded  time;  It  was  said  of  a  naval  officer,  who  was 

And  all  our  yesterdays  have  lighted  notorious  through  life  for  being  behind- 

fools  The  way  to  dusty  death  ;"  Shaksp.  hand  in  executing  his  duties  and  per- 

Macb.  V.  V.  M.    ''  To-morrow   didst  forming  his  engagements,  diat  he  nad 

thou  say !    Methought  I  heard  Horatio  let  a  day  slip  by  him  when  he  was  a 

say  To-morrow!     Go  to — I  will   not  midshipman,  and  had  never  since  been 

hear    of    it :    &c."      Cotton.    Cowley  able  to  overtake  it. 

has  translated  the  text  thus:    **  Our  73.  He  proceeds  to  expatiate  on  the 

yesterday's   to-morrow   now    is   gone,  favourite  dogma  of  the  Stoics,  Hberiaie 

And  still  a  new  to-morrow  does  come  opus  est  ad  vtrtutemy  inquU  PertiuSy  mon 

on.   We  by  to-morrows  draw  out  all  our  ra  qua  servi  donaniur  H  incrftw/w  mni 


SAT.  V.  OF  PERSIUS.  433 

Publius  emeniit,  scabiosum  tesserula  far 
75  Possidet     Heu  steriles  veri,  quibus  una  Qiuritem  . 
^     Vertigo  facit !    Hie  Dania  est  non  tressis  agaso,     U    ^  .5  t-rt ^  *- 
/  .     Vappa  et  lippus  et  in  tenui  farragine  mendax  :       i.-yif^  "^   ^f^^ 
Verterit  hunc  dominus,  momento  turbinis  exit 
Marcus  Dama.     Papae  !    Marco  spondente,  recusas 
80  Credere  tu  nummos  ?    Marco  sub  judice  palles. 

Marcus  dixit :  ita  est     Adsigna,  Marce,  tabellas.  /         f      ' 
Hffic  mera  libertas ;  hoc  nobis  pilea  donant      ^'^    '  • 
^*  An  quisquam  est  alius  liber,  nisi  ducere  vitam 

triiwtm,  uuta  Velma;  Tert.  de  Resur.  ing  effect,   "  iiber  esto,  atone  ifo  quo 

PR.  cf.  Hor.  II  Od.  ii.  9  sqq.  philt^-  volet  r  Plaut  Men.  V.  vii.  40.  PR. 

Mp^ke  terffku  opoiieif  ut  tihi  corUingat  Dama  was  a  slave's  name  i^arodU  ex 

twra  Ubertat,  non  differtur  in  dienty  qui  te  Judice  Dama  turpis ;  Hor.  II  S.  vii.  54. 

illi  su^feeii  et  iradidit,  ttaiimque  circunt'  PR, 

agniur.hoeenimipivmphilotophiaservire  *  Not  a  three-pennj  groom/  or  *  a 

Meritueai;  Sen.  £p.  8.  Plin.  £p.  VII.  two-penny  half-pennj  groom.* 

xtL  4.  K.  Juv.  ii.  77,  note.    Compare  77.  VawM  *  dead  wine,'  *  one  half 

that  expreMion  in  the  second  morning  knave  and  one  half  fool.'  Hor.  I  S.  i. 

collect :  "  O  Crod,  whose  service  is  per-  103  sq.  PR. 

feet  freedom."  Lmput;  ii.  72.  note.  3f. 

When  a  slave  was  manumitted,  he  *■  riot  to  be  trusted  with  a  feed  of 

WM  enrolled  in  one  of  the  tribes,  and  hesms,*  LU.  farrago  esty  quod  ex pluribus 

therenpon  received  a  tallj.  VS.  Juv.  vii.  taiis^pabttUoauwa^aturJumentis;  Festus: 

174,  note.  M.  et  Plin.  xvi.   18.  PR.  PUn.  xviii.  16.  Virp.  G.iii.  205  sq.  Pie. 

Sen.  Ben.  iv,  28.  K>  *meslin.'3f.  Owing  to  the  frcqueiitoccur- 

74.  The preenomen  {PuiUius)  was  given  rence  of  this  failing  in  the  fraternity ;  the 
after  the  patron  who  manumitted  the  name  ostler  has  been  humorously  de- 
slave  ;  this  and  the  addition  of  the  name  rived,  by  syncope,  from  oat-stealer. 
of  the  tribe,  Velina  (which  is  in  the  abla-  78.  ExU;  Hor.  A.  P.  22.  K, 
tive  case),  designate  a  free  citizen.  LU.  79.  Gaudent  pretnomine  molles  auri- 
FeiMa  was  one  of  the  country  tribes.  JT.  cuia;  Hor.  II  S.  v.  32.  PR, 
cL  Jut.  v.  127.  80.  Hence  it  appears  that  even  freed- 

Sneruii,  The  metaphor  is  taken  from  men  were  promoted  to  the  bench.  CAS, 

the  military,  when  they  had  served  their  Such  a  man  as  this  would  be  likely  to 

time ;  PR.  and  is  also  applied  to  gladia-  spite  a  person  to  whom  he  bore  a  grudge. 

tors ;  cf.  Juv.  vi.  113.  M,  By  the  Norban  Hor.  II  S.  i.  49  sqq.  Juv.  vii.  116,  note ; 

Law  (which  was  passed  A.  U.  771.)  and  cf.  Claud,  xxiv.  100.  K, 

there  were  three  modes  of  obtaining  pie-  81.  Avrh  If  My  as  was  said  of  Pytha- 

nary  liberty  (1)  by  the  pnetor's  wand,  goras.  PJ^.cf.  Cic.  N.D.  i.6.  *  We  may 

(9)  by  the  census,  (3)  by  will  and  testa-  take  the  matter  upon  his  ipse  dixit.* 

ment.  K,  ct  AD»  Adsigna,  Juv.  viii.  142  nqq.  Mart.  IX. 

A  shir  is  thrown  on  the  liberty,  which  Ixxxix.  2  sqq.  K, 

Ihe  enfranchised  slave  acquires,  by  the  82.  Vrtlt  Uberttu  did  mera;   Hor.   I 

terms  wccdnotum  [fhim  which  our  word  £p.  zviii.  8.  K.   *  This  is  liberty  in  the 

SHABBY  is  perhaps  derived]  *  smutty'  or  bare,  outward,  literal  sense  of  the  word.' 

'  scurvy,'  and  tetterula  <  paltry  ticKet'  M. 

G.  83.  Marcus  thinks  to  silence  the  Stoic 

76.  Qifirtfem  is  used  by  poetical  license:  by  a  regular  syllogism.  C^S.     For  his 

properly  it  is  only  a  plural  noun.  VS,  maior  premiss,  he  takes  the  genuine  de- 

Jnv.  viii.  47.  G,  finition  of  liberty:  ettpotedat  vivendi 

76.  '  One  twirl :'  the  master,  at  the  ut  wUt;  Cic.  Par.  6.  On.  i.  20.   frnv  ii 

•ame  time,  addressing  him  to  the  follow-  \x%y$%^im,  l|«iwic  cpr^v^c^icf  *  Laert.  Zen. 

3k 


434 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  V. 


:t 


Cili  lioet,  ut  voluit  ?    Licet,  ut  volo,  vivere :  non  sum 
85  Liberior  Bruto  ?*    *  Mendose  colligis,'  inquit      —^ 
Stoicus  hie,  aurem  mordaci  lotus  aceto : 
^  Hoc  (reliqua  accipio)  licet,  ut  voh,  vivere^  tolle.' 
^^  Vindicta  postquam  meus  a  prsetore  recessi, 
Cur  mihi  non  liceat,  jussit  quodcumque  voluntas, 
90  Excepto,  si  quid  Masuri  rubrica  vetavit  ?^ 

Disce  !  sed  ira  cadat  naso  rugosaque  sanna>_  5*T[Tj 
Dum  veteres  avia^  tibi  de  pulmone  revello.        A?\^ 


Non  prsetoris  erat  stultis  dare  tenvia  rerum 


.Oa^ 


£c^  «L  fdA. 


OflScia  atque  usum  rapidce  permittere  vitae :  •*  _  , 

he  was  knighted.  YS.  T.    He  wa^  verj  ' 
clever,  very  honest,  and  very  poor.  Gell. 
xiv.  19.  Ath.  xiv.  PR,    Among  other 
works,  he  left  behind  him  three  books  on 


XXivti^it    Urn  i   }^mv   in  fitvXtriu'    Arr. 
Epict.  i.  2.  4.  PR,  Juv.  ii.  77y  note. 

84.  Next  foIlowH  the  minor  premiss: 
this  the  Stoic  denies.  SCH. 


86.  Cf.  Juv.  V.  37,  note.  V.  Max.  v.  the  Civil  Law.  K.    In  his  old  age,  he 
8.  Flor.  i.  9.  PR,  was  supported  by  the  liberality  of  his 

8G.  Vinegar  was  used  as  a  remedy  in  former  pupils.     As  he  wag  passionately 

cases  where  persons  were  hard  of  hear-  devoted  to  music  ;   it  would  seem  that 

ing  J  CelH.  VI.  7.  K,     The  Stoics  were  he  fiddled  away  his  clients.  G, 

very  acute  in  argument  and  in  detecting  Rubrica;   Juv.  xiv.   192,  note.   PR, 

fallacies.  Cic.  Fin.  iii.  3.  PR.  dicant  cur  condita  silies  bit  sex  m  ta6Hlit, 

87.  *  I  admit  your  proposition  ;  your  et  cur  rubrica  minetur  f  Prud.  v.  G. 
assumption  I  deny.'  L  U,  tu  milU  qui  im-  91 .  The  metaphor  may  bo  taken  from 


f/icunt  esse  servos  ut  mancipia  qua  sunt  Flaut.  Amph.  IV.  iii.  40  sq.  PR,    The 

(htninornm  facta  nexu^  atU  aliquo  jure  Hebrew  ^K  *  anger'  is  derived  from  ^JK 

ciyili:  sed,  si  strvitus  sit,  sicut  est,  obe-  <  he  blew  through  the  nostrils.'  M, 

dieniia  fracti  animi  et  abjecti,  ct  arlitrio  Sarma;  i.  62.  LU, 

carentissuojquisnegetomneslevcsjomnes  92.    T^mAut  fitiiwt'    1    Tim.  iv.  7. 

cupidosy  mines  denique  improbos  esse  ser-  fabeUax  anikt;  Hor.  II  S.  ri.  77  gq.  M, 

vos  f  an  iUe  mihi  liber  videaiur,  cui  mulier  *  From  your  breast.*    Ov.  M,  ix.201 

imperaty  leges  imponit,  vetat  quod  videtur,  sqq.  K,    The  lungs  were  considered  the 

^c  Cic.  Par.  6.  PR,  Hor.  II  Od.  ii.  18.  seat  of  pride.  Cj4S, 

88.  Vindicta  was  the  wand  which  the  93.  Stulti  omnes  serviy  and  inMamuiU 

prcetor  laid  on  the  head  of  the  manu-  omnes  prcster  ^icntem,  were  Stoical 

nutted  slave,  whi  n  he  declared  him  free,  tenets.  PR,   *  The  praetor  cannot  make 

VS.  AD.  cf.  Liv.  ii.  5.  PR,  Ov.  A.  A.  a  man  wise ;  therefore  he  cannot  make 

iii.  616  sq.  K,  Hor.  IIS.  vii.  76.  M,  him  free.'  M.                                             t 

The  blov^L  which  the  slave. received  at  "  The  nicer  shades  of  duty."  G.  cf.  / 

manumislfon,  might  represent  the  last  Arist.  Eth. ii.  6. 9.  quiddeceaiyouidnm; 

indignity  he  was  to  receive ;  the  laying  quovirfus.qnoferatfrror;  Hor.  A. P. 308. 

on  of  the  prretor's  wand  was  similar  to  PR.  Ut  Um,  rk  ofut^rnfuiTm  idy  quod  not 

the   mode  in  which  the  king,  at  the  licet,  si  nee  majus  nee  mif tits  umquam fieri 

present  day,  confers  knighthood.  poiest,  quoniam  in  eo  est  peccatum,  si  nor 

Metts  *  my  own  master.'  LU.  Ter.  licuit,quodsemper  unumet idem esi;  qua 

Ph.  I V .  i .  2 1 .  A'.  ex  eopeccata  nascuntur,  aquaikt  sint  €por- 

90.  Masurius  Sabinus  vfM&n  eminent  tet;  Cic.  Par.  3.  IT. 

lawyer  in  the  reign  of  Tiberius,  by  whom  94.  *  And  to  make  over  to  him  such 


SAT.  V.  OF  PERSIUS.  ,        ^  435 

95  Sambucam  citius  caloni  aptaveris  alto.      '^ 
Stat  contra  ratio  et  secrctam  gannit  in  aurem, 
Nc  liceat  facere  id,  quod  quis  vitiabit  agendo. 
Publica  lex  hominum  naturaque  continet  hoc  fas, 
Ut  teneat  vetitos  inscitia  debilis  actus. 
lOQ  Diluis  helleborum,  certo  compescere  puncto 
Newius  examen  ?  Vetat  hoc  natura  medendi. 
Navem  st  poscat  sibi  peronatus  arator 
Lubiferi  rudis,  exclamct  Melicerta  perissc 

experience  as  may  carrr  him  Hafelj  €Bgro  mm  audeiy  ititi  qui  tlitUcity  dare  : 

dowB  the  rapid  stream  of  life.'  DN,  guwl  fnetHcorum  esij  pruntiftufit  wetRci  \ 

96.  The  Sambuea  was  a  triangular  Hor.  II  £p.  i.  114  Hrjq.  PR, 

barn,  offour  strings  originally,  invunted  Ccrto  compeacere  pundo    (I    think) 

by  thy 000  of  Rhegium.  Ath.  iv.23.  xiv.  means  '  to  bring  the  tongue  to  a  Mtate 

H  9t\.  but  it  was  probabW  much  more  of  quiescence,  betwet^n  the  cheek."*  of  the 

ancient  Daniel  iii.  6.    vitr.  vi.  Snart.  cavity  through   which   it  vibrates,  by 

Hadr.  PR»  Macr.  S.  ii.  10.  (Polyb.  v.  slipping  the  weight  to  a  certain  point 

37.  GliO')  cf.  Hor.  I  Ep.  xviii.  59.  II  on  the  graduated  arm.'  Thxxf^contpetcere 

Ep.  ii.  143  sq.  K*  cf.  Juv.  iii.  0*3,  note,  fttcttm,  1.  e,  lucnm  suit  JiniftuM  conibere  ; 

Cakmes  were  porters  employed  in  the  Festus  ;  and  in  like  manner,  compescere 

camp  to  carry  wood  («SX«»)  and  water,  popidog,  impettu,  doiores,    iras,  mores 

L  U*  umXtfisM*    Ath,  inridet  titum  fignO'  dittolutoa^  styfi  btxuriantia»M  ^  lingnam^ 

ritm  tibi  eaio;  Hor.  I  Ep.  xiv.  41  sq.  ^-c.  cf.  F,  and  note  on  i.  6. 

PR.   The  name  was  afterwards  applied  102.  Navim  agere  ignanis  navut  timet ; 

to  other  porters  :  cohort  culta  serforum,  Hor.  II  Ep.  i.  114.  PR, 

lectka  formoiis  impotita  cahnibus;  Sen.  Poscat  implies  presumption.  K, 

Ep.  110.  K,  Peronatus :  Juv.  xiv.  186,  note.  PR, 

xhe  epithet  eUto  is  emphatic.  LU.  The  epithet  is  emphatic,  for  sailors  wear 

JitsH  i  /tmm^t,  was  a  Greek  proverb,  thin  and  pliant  shoes  to  give  them  a 

PAf.    §1  iymf  ^ydXsi  ^miuf     Arist.  firmer  footing  both  on  deck  and  among 

Phrmog.  PR,  tngens  \  liK).  &ni^  r^^r-  the  rigging. 

•miiui'wnx^*  Theoc.  xv.  17.  cf.  Cat.  1031  Lnciferi  *  even  of  the  morning 

IxTii.  47.  Ixxxvi.  4.  K,  star,'  and  consequently  of  the  stars  in 

96.  Ne  sutor  ultra  cremdam :  [Plin.  general.'  Ov.  Tr.  I.  x.  13.  K,  CAS,  A 
xxxT.  10.  V.  Max.  VIII.  xii.  extr.  knowledge  of  which  was  essential  to 
Ammian.  xxviii.  1.]  cf.  Cic.  T.  Q.  i.  navigation  in  those  days,  liefore  the  in- 
King  Ptolemy,  when  he  was  gi\*ing  his  vention  of  the  mariner's  compass  :  Virg. 
opinion  very  freely  on  the  art  of  playing  A^,  iii.  612  sqq.  PR-  and  even  at  pre- 
tbe  lyre,  was  told  by  Stratonicns  the  sent.  In  one  of  our  trips  from  South- 
nnisician  that  itXn»r^«9  and  f»n^r^»f  ampton  to  Guernsey,  during  a  fine  star- 
were  not  exactly  synonymous :  Ath.  viii.  light  night,  a  naval  oflicer,  who  was  one 
10.  PR,                '       '  of  the  passengers  on  deck,  observed  that 

'  Whines :'    it  w  properly  the  noise  we  were  making  fast  for  the  Portland 

which  a  dog  or  a  fox  makes.  X  IT.  PR,  lights.    The  steersman  wils  puzzled,  as, 

Cat.  Ixxxiii.  4.  Ter.  Ad.  IV.  ii.  17.  K.  according  to  the  compass,  the  course  of 

98.  '  The  conmon  law  of  our  nature,'  the  vessel  was  quite  correct.  The  cap- 
as  opposed  to  *  the  rubric  of  Masurius  ;'  tain  was  called  up ;  and,  seeing  at  once, 
90.  PR.  that  the  lights  a-head  were  those  on  the 

99.  *  Should  hold  as  forbidden.'  CAS,  Portland  rocks,  contrary  to  the  indica- 

100.  *  Do  you  attempt  to  compound  tion  of  the  compass,  he  observed  the 
medicines,  who  do  not  understand  the  stars  and  immediately  «iscert:niied  that 
use  of  the  balance  f*'  LU,  statem  *  the  there  was  something  wrong.  He  ordered 
steeWard.'  VS.  Petr.  35.  67.  Suet.  Vesp.  the  quarter-deck  to  be  insUntly  cleared : 
26.  ^lin.  H.  N.  xxxiii.  I  l.X.  nbrotonum  on  their  removing  a  large  green  parrot  in 


436 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  V. 


Frontem  de  rebus.    Tibi  recto  vivere  talo 
105  Ars  dedit?  et  veri  speciem  dignoscere  calles, 

Ne  qua  subaerato  mendosum  tinniat  auro  ? 

Quaeque  sequenda  forent  quaeque  eritanda  yicissiniy 

Ilia  prius  creta,  mox  hs^  carbone  notasti  ? 

£s  modicus  TOti?  presso  lare?  dulcis  amicis? 
110  Jam  nunc  adstringas,  jam  nunc  granaria  laxes? 

Inque  luto  fixum  possis  transscendere  numum» 

Nee  glutto  sorbere  salivam  Mercurialem  ? 
^<  Hsec  mea  sunt,  teneo,"  quum  yere  dixeris,  esto 

Liberque  ac  sapiens,  prsetoribus  ac  Jove  dextro. 
115  Sin  tu,  quum  fueris  nostras  paullo  ante  farinas, 

Pelliculam  yeterem  retines  et  fronte  politus 


its  cage,  wliich  had  been  standing  to  the 
east  of  the  compass,  the  needle  instandj 
righted,  veering  round  to  the  true  point. 
The  accident  delayed  us  about  t/fo 
hours. 

Melicerta  was  the  child  of  Ino,  who  to 
save  him  from  the  insane  fury  of  her 
husband  Athamas,  king  of  Thebes, 
leaped  with  him  into  the  sea;  where 
Neptune,  at  the  request  of  Venus,  took 
them  both  into  his  suite,  under  the 
names  of  Leucothoe  and  Palsmon,  G. 
CAS,  or  Portunus.  Ov.  M.  iv.  311  sqq. 
Virg.  G.  i.  437  sq.  PR,  Apoll.  I.  viii.  3. 

104.  Frontem, clctmerUpeniuepudorem 
cuncti ;  Hor.  II  Ep.  i.  80  sq.  PR.  Juv. 
xiii.  242,  note.  Mart.  XI.  xzviii.  7.  K, 
ii.  43,  note. 

*  To  walk  uprightly.'  T.  cadai  an 
recto  ttet  iah  $  Hor.  II  £p.  i.  176.  PR, 
taio  for  pede^  as  in  Juv.  vii.  16.  Wf 
jS^JMi  wii'  Eur.  Hel.  1465.  K.  The 
metaphor  is  very  common  in  Holy 
Scripture :  as  in  Psalms  xv.  2.  Ixxxiv. 
11.  Proverbs  x.  9.  &c.  M, 

105.  Juv.  xiv.  109,  note.  K. 

106.  Cf.  iii.  21.  notes.  LU,  fui  per 
ai^entum  ces  vitkt ;  Petr.  66.  K, 

108.  Cf.  ii.  1,  notes.  PR.  Cat.  xxxvii. 
10.  {D(E.)  Mart  XII.  Ixxii.  K, 

109.  Cf.  ii.  3,  &c.  «i  eat  animus  tibi 
modicus,  continetu,  cnidntionit  expert  \ 
Plant.  PR, 

*■  Is  your  establishment  kept  within 
your  income  ?' 

Dulcis ;  of.  Hor.  I  S.  iv.  136.  M, 

110.  The  allusion  perhaps  is  to  the 
public  granaries  at  Borne,  which  wero 


periodically  opened  for  the  relief  of  the 
poorer  citizens,  as  well  u  in  time*  of 
dearth  and  scarcitj.  Jf.  cf.  Cie.  OCT.  i. 
14. JT.  i Ufsli^Mf  •& X^TM Irta^'Ui  tmy^ 

lis  ravrm  AutXMemtt  9U»  i&v  i}QM  its  ^  tu 
mvuXUxur  Arist.  Eth.  iv.  1. 

111.  The  waggish  boys  at  Rome  used 
to  stick  a  piece  of  money  in  the  mud, 
with  a  string  fastened  to  it ;  and  if  any 
miserly  fellow,  coming  by,  stooped  to 

{tick  it  up,  they  jerked  it  away  and 
aughcd  at  him.  HO.  in  trivus  fixum 
qui  se  demitm  ob  assem  ;  Hor.  I  £p. 
xvi.  64.  cf.  II  Od.  u.  23  sq.  PR.aba$ae 
crevU  ;  et  paratus  fuit  qmadraaUem  de 
ttercore  mordicus  toUere  ;  Petr.  43.  JK*. 

112.  <  Without  findins,  Wkie  a  gT^dy 
glutton,  that  year  mou£  waters  at  tiie 
sight  of  such  a  prise.'  Q.  cfL  iL  44, 
note. 

113.  C£  Hor.  II  S.  vii.  78  sa(|.  X. 

114.  *  With  a  body  enfranchised  by 
the  prsetors,  and  a  mind  by  Jove.'  PJC. 
Prop.  III.  ui7.qHceaU  HbetieUy  qm^rUt 
rutUi  re*  servire,  nulU  nacestj/o/i,  miAit 
casibus  ;  fortnnam  In  equum  dedmeere ; 
Sen.  Ep.  51.  turn  homines  timert^  mam 
deos  ;  nee  turpta  veUe^  mee  mimia ;  m  «r 
ipsum  habere  mtunmam  potesiaUm ;  tft. 
/5.  cf.  Claud,  viii.  257  sqq.  K. 

115.  "  One  of  our  batch."  G.  A  me- 
taphor from  loaves.  LU,  Suet.  Aug.  4. 
The  Stoics  were  not  so  arrogant  aa  to 
deem  themselves  free  and  wise  ;  a  cha- 
racter, which  they  looked  up  to,  as  ele- 
vated almost  beyond  the  reach  of  human 
attainment  K, 

116.  A  metaphor  from  snakes,  which 


-  1»  .4  ^ 


SAT.  V.  OF  PERSIUS.  437 

A^utam  rapido  servas  sub  pectore  vulpem, 
Qu«  dederam  supra,  repeto,  funemque  reduco. 
Nil  tibi  concessit  ratio:  digitum  exsere,  peccas; 
120  Et  quid  tarn  parvum  est?  Sed  nuUo  thure  litabis,  Y 
Haereat  in  stultis  brevis  ut  semuncia  recti. 
Hffic  miscere  nefas;  nee,  quum  sis  cetera  fossor, 
Tres  tantum  ad  numeros  Satyri  moveare  Bathylli.       3^f 
**  Liber  ego."  Unde  datum  hoc  sumis,  tot  subdite  rebus? 


cast  their  sloagh.  CAS.  Ov.  M.  ix.  266.  pniinety  quant  tipebdarufuitset  in  aligua 

vii.  237.  Virg.  G.  iii.  425  aq.  M,  iL  471  generota  ae  nobui  virgme;  pecctwit  vero 

M.  or  (2)  an  aUoaion  to  the  fable  of  the  nUUh  mmusj  tUfuidem  est  pecoare  iarn- 

Fox  in  a  Lion's  ikin.  Hor.  II  S.  i.  62  yuam  transnlire  lineaa;  quam  longe  pro' 

fiq.  iii.  186. 1  Ep.  XYi,  44  aq.  K,  or  (3)  grtdiarty  quum  temel  tranuHierU^  ad 

to  Blackii  who  can  nerer  be  washed  avgendamctUpam  nihil atti9iei\SeiL,'Ei^, 

white.  PR,  cf.  Juv.  xiii.  239,  note.  66.    This  doctrine  is  attacked  in  Cic. 

FrwOe;  cf.  iv.  14.  M.  Jnv.  ii.  8.  Fin.  iii.  27.  for  Mar.  30.  Hor.  I  S.  iii. 

117.  Nmnfuam  te  falkmt  animi  tub  96  sqq.  I  Ep.  xvi.  55  sq.  K. 

VMJpe  kUenies;   Hor.  A.  P.  437.  PR.        120.   <«  Yet  what  so  trifling?"    G. 

Cland.  xviii.  146.  ▼.  484.  Find.  01.  xi.  <  and  apparently  so  easj  P  but  it  is  be- 

90  sqq.  Theoc.  i.  48.  t.  112  sq.  iXMim-  jond  the  power  of  the  gods  to  grant.' 
m{ii»-  Arist.  v.  1233.  P.  1090.  K.  Litabis;  cf.  ii.  75,  note.  PR, 

Vapuh;  cf.  77.  M.  121.  *  Short'  is  applied  in  our  own 

118.  Sunra,  t.  e,  in  113.  LU.  language  to  weight. 

Ripeto  '  I  prooounced  you  free,  con-        122.  Hoe  t.  e. '  folly  and  right.'  K, 
ditionaUy ;  on  £ulnr«  of-theae  conditions,        Cetera  a  G-recism,  rk  ixxm,  L  U. 
I  revoke  my  ooneeaaion.'  LU*  Fotsor;  cL  Juv.  zi.  80.  M, 

The  met^hor  is  taken  from  animals        123.  HistriOj  si  pauh  se  movit  extra 

or  birds,  which  are  allowed  a  certain  de-  numerumy  out  si  versus  pnmunciaius 

gree  of  liberty,  bat  at  the  same  time  est  syUaba  una  bremor  out  longwr,  ejesibi' 

secured  by  a  atnng.    Ifthey  abuse  their  latur  et  exploditur:   in  vita^  qua  omni 

liberty,  they  are  palled  in.  PR.  cf.  Juy.  gestu  modenUioTy  omni  versu  aptior  esse 

xii.  6,  note.  M.    '^  I  would  hare  thee  debet,  ut  in  syllabay  te  peccare  dices  f 

gone ;  Andyet  no  ftirther  than  a  wan-  poetam  non  audio  in  nugiSy  in  vita  socie^ 

ton's  bird ;  Who  lets  it  hop  a  little  from  tate  audiam  civemy  digitis  peccata  dime^ 

her  hand,  Like  a  poor  prisoner  in  his  tientem  sua  f  S^ff.  Cic.  Par.  3.  CAS,  Virg. 

twisted  gyres,  And  with  a  silk  thread  £.  vi.  27.  Prop.  II.  xviii.  16.  cf.  Mart, 

plncks  it  back  again :"  Shaksp.  Rom.  XI.  Ixxxv.  3  sq.  Ov.  Am.  II.  iv.  29. 

and  JnU  II.  i.  O.  K. 

119. '  Whatever  the  prsetor  may  have        '  Of  Bathyllas  dancing  the  SaWr.'  cf. 

done,  philosophy  has  done  nothing  for  Virg.  E.  v.  73.  Hor.  A.  P.  St21.  II  Ep. 

jcn.*  M.  Penios  (who  had  the  passage  ii.  125.  PR,  I  S.  v.  63. 
m  the  Enchiridion  of  Epictetos  before        Mooere  *■  to  dance.'  Hor.  A.  P.  232. 

him,  4  ^Us9ftm  fsrit.  Ut  tiXi  ri*  U-  PR.  I  S.  ix.  24.  Ill  Od.  vi.  21.  Ov. 

jurvXtfff  \urtiw§n  %hui  w^tsimu)  labours  to  A.  A.  iii.  350.  K. 
prove  that  there  is  no  medium  between        BathuUiis;  cf.  Juv.  vi.  63,  note.  Ath. 

absolute   wisdom  and  absolute  folly  ;  i.  17.  PR. 

from  which  notable  position  it  follows         124.  2>ama  maintains  his  conclusion, 

(among  other  consequences)  that  the  notwithstanding  the  overthrow  of  his 

fool  cannot  perform  die  most  trivial  act  premisses.  ^'  libery  liber  sum!"  Hor.  II 

without  blundering  egregiously.  G.  T.  S.  viL  92.  PR. 

PR.  M.  auri  navein  evertat  fubemaior        Unde  datum  sent  is  f  Hor.  II  S.  ii.  31. 

anpateayinrealiquanihlitmytngubema'  (BY.)  K. 

ttgns  inscitia  nihil  interest,     lapsa  est        Toi  subdite  rt'hus ;  of.  Hor.  II  S.  vii. 

libido  in  mu/irre  ignotaydoffir  ad paufiores  75  9qq.  K.  iii.  28,  note.  AT. 


.U.\. 


I 


Jini'     «'> 


ly 


438  THE  SATIRES  sat.  v. 

125  An  dominum  ignoras,  nisi  quern  vindicta  relaiat? 

^  I,  puer,  et  strigiles  Crispim  ad  balnea  defer  T 

Si  increpuit:  ^  Cessas  nugator?  servitium  acre 

Te  nihil  impellit :  nee  quidquam  extrinsecus  intrat, 

Quod  nervos  agitet.     Sed  si  intus  et  in  jeeore  aegro 
130  Nascuntur  domini,  qui  tu  impunitior  exis 

Atque  hie,  quem  ad  strigiles  scujifia  et  metus  egit  herilis? 
Mane  piger  stertis:  <  Surge!'  inquit  Avaritia:  *eja 

Surge  1'  Negas  ?  instat.  *  Surge  I'  inquit   **  Non  queo." 
'  Surge  ? 

<<  Et  quid  agam  ?'    *  Rogitas  f  Jfhu  saperda^  advehc 
Ponto, 
135  Castoreum,  stuppas,  ebenum,  thus,  lubrica  Coa; 

Telle  receiis  primus  piper  e  sitiente  camelo ; 

Verte  aliquid ;  jura.'    "  Sed  Jupiter  audief   *  Eheu  ! 

Bare,  regustatum  digito  terebrare  salinum 

125.  Cf.  T.  88.  PR,  beRt  were  those  caught  in  the  M«otic 

1 26. '  A  command  from  your  quondam  gulf.  X  U* 

master,  it  is  true,  would  not  aifect  you.'  135.  Casioreum;  cf.  Juv.  xii.  34  sqq. 

Strigiles;  Juv.  iii.263.  Petr.91.  Apul.  PR. 

Flor.  ii.  p.  346, 27.  R*  Those,  who  went  Sola  India  nigrum  fert  eieHum,  soUm 

to  the  baths,  took  their  own  scrapers  and  e^  thurea  virga  SabttiM;   Virg.  G.  ii. 

soap.  Luc.  Lexiph.  t.  ii.  p.  320.  A'.  Suet  116  sq.  PR» 

Aug.  80.  PR.  **  Coan  wines,"  Z>.  were  of  a  lazatiTe 

Orispimia;  Juv.  i.  27,  note.  iv.  1  sqq.  quality.  LU.   n  dura  morabitur  o/ino, 

PR,  mytilua  et  vUet  peUent  obtlamHa  ctmek^  et 

127.  Ter.  Eun.  IV.  vi.  16.  A'.  lapathi  brevit  herba,  sed  €U6o  mom  sine 

128.  Cf.  Juv.  xiv.  63.  A'.  Coo;  Hor.  II  S.  iv.  27  sqo.  P18.  Plin. 

129.  The  metaphor  may  be  taken  from  H.  N.  xxvii.«27.  JE\.  V.  H.  zii.31.  K, 
puppets,  which  are  moved  by  strings.  136.  Cam  ne  porius  occupet  altery  «e 
cf.  Hor.  II  S.  vii.  81  sq.  Anton,  ii.  3.  Cibyratira,  ne  Bithjfna  negotia  perdae; 
vii.  3.  {GA,)  CAS.  gift  in  Hgneolit  homi-  Hor.  I  Ep.  ri.  32  scj.  PR. 

num  Jig^tris  gestiM  ntovet,  quando  filnm        Sitiente  '  just  amved  at  Alexandria 

rnembriygttodagilarisulelytrckrerit  J  torque-  from  its  journey  over  the  de«art.'  X.  cf. 

lAturcerviXynidabltcaptftjOculipibrcUfHnt,  Plin.  viii.  18.  pR 

manus  ad  ministeriurn  prcMto  erunt,  nee        137.  '  Turn  a  penny :  sw^ar  through 

invenuste  lotus  videMur  vivere;   Apul.  thick  and  thin.*  Z>^.%'C]c.  Off,  iii. 

de  Mun.  K.  or  we  may  understand  the  fin.  PR, 

words  in  their  simple  sense.  Pl^.  Jtipiter  audiet:  cf.  Jut.  xiiL  76.  K. 

Jeeore;  Juv.  i.  45,  note.  M,  Plat.  138.  Baro  is  a  Gallic  word  and  de- 
Tim.  t.  ix.  p.  389.  JC  notes  '  a  soldier's  slave.*  VS*  Cic.  Ep. 

130.  Q«r  tu  impunUior  f  Hor.  II  S.  ix.  ulL  LU.  Id.  Div.  ii./n,  PR. 

vii.  105.  FR,  *  You  will  never  earn  salt  to  jour 

131.  Spectator  No.  56.  porridge,  if  you  make  a  point  of  keeping 

132.  Tne  power  of  idleness  and  sloth,     on  good  terms  with  Jove.' 

when  indulged,  is  finely  described  in  Salinum;  iii.25.  yarrotalepnimentetrii 

Proverbs  v.  9sq.  xxii.  13.  xxvi.  13  sq.  Jtf.  vice  usos  veteres  auctor  est:  esitdsse  emim 

133.  Sttrgr;  cf.  Arist  PI.  539.  salem  ettm  pane  et  caseo.  ut proveriio an* 

134.  The  sapertln  was  a  common  sort  paret;  Plin.  xxxi.  7.  Plant.  Cnrc.  I V. 
of  fish,  Ath.  ill.  30.  PK.  of  which  the  iv.  6.  PR, 


SAT.  Y.  OF  PERSIUS.  439 

Ck)ntentU8  parages,  si  vivere  cum  Jove  tendis.' 
140  Jam  pueris  pellem  succinctus  et  oenophorum  aptas : 

"  Ocius  ad  navem !"   Nihil  obstat,  quin  trabe  vasta 

Mgsdum  rapias,  nisi  solers  Luxuria  ante 

Seductum  moneat :  ^  Quo  deinde,  insane,  ruis  ?  quo  ? 

Quid  tibi  vis  ?  calido  sub  pectore  mascula  bilis 
145  Intumuit,  quam  non  exstinxerit  urna  cicutse. 

Tun  mare  transsilias  ?  tibi,  torta  cannabe  fulto, 

Coena  sit  in  transtro  ?  Veientanumque  rubellum 

Exhalet  vapida  leesum  pice  sessilis  obba  ? 

Quid  petis,  ut  numi,  quos  hic  quincunce  modesto 
150  Nutrients,  pergmt  avidos  sudare  deunces  ? 

Indulge  Genio ;  carpamus  dulcia :  nostrum  est, 


140. '  Equipped  for  starting,  jou  load  Greek  adage :  ^mk^wn,  »mi  w»^,  mm)  yutii 

yoar  senrants  with  3rour  leather  port-  Mm»k  r^U.  PR. 

manteaii  and  your  liqnor-case.'  T.pueri  ^  Hemp.'  cf.  Plin.  H.  N.  xix.  1 8.  A'. 

lamummporitmies  cpiopftorumpte;  Hor.  Her.  iy.  165.  P[?. 

1 8.  vi.  109.  PR.  Suet  Aug.  83.  (CAS,)  147.  *  Red  Veientan  wine.'  L U,  Mart. 

K.  I.  civ.  9.  K.  cf.  Juv.  vii.  121,  note. 

Smccintiu9\  Hor.  II  S.  vi.  107.  PA.  148.  <«  And  while   a  broken  plank 

cf.  Exodus  xi.  11.  1  Kings  xriii.  46.  St  supports  your  meat,  And  a  coil'd  cable 

Luke  xiL  35.  M,  proves  your  softest  seat,  Suck  from  squab 

141.  Trabe  C^^pria  IfyHoum  jtavidus  jugs,  that  pitchy  scents  exhale,  The  sea- 

meat  mare;  Hor.  I  Od.  i.  13  sq.  man's  beverage,  i 


sour  at  once  and  stale !" 

Jut.  xiv.  S76.  if.  G. 

143.  Bofen  *  to  hurry  over.'  Ov.  F.  Pice.  cf.  Plin.  xiv.  1.  20.   Plut.  Q. 

iiL  867.  (^U.)  Sil.  i.  569  sq.  (R.)  Virg.  Conv.  v.  3.  rethuxia  bibit  vhutj  Falema 

JE,  vi.  8.  (jrr.)  Ov.  Her.  xix.  74.  (H.)  /ugu;  Mart.  III.  Ixxvii.  8.  PR. 

ChtaiL  ip.  203.  (jyO.)  vicuHVorare',  C&t.  149.  The  highest  usury  was  called 

zxxv.  7.  K.  cetUewftOy  or  ^  twelve  per  cent ;'  being  at 

*  Wily  Luxury.'   §Srati  4  fum^a  ma}  the  rate  of  one  sesterce  monthly  for  every 

irmwvit  MMutS  MmimmkH  T^»^  cXAqv  i«^  hundred :  the  next  highest  was  deunx^ 

lAJUw  aUm  «Mur;^vrawf  WttUvwa'  Luc.  *■  eleven  per  cent;'  and  so  on  down  to 

Aiii.t.ii«p.421.Claud.xxii.  131  sqq.  A',  the  unciaria  or  *  one  per  cent.'  Tac. 

143.  '  Taken  aside  as  a  friend  and  An.  v.  16.  PR.  Juv.  i.  40,  note, 
warned  of  your  danger  ;*  as  in  Juv.  xii.  150.  Pascere  tmmos;  Hor.  I  Ep.  xviii. 
67  iq*  PR*  35.    PH.    nutrieras  is   a  very   appro- 

Deinde;  Virs.  ^.  v.  741.  (HY.)  Liv.  priate  metaphor,  if  we  look  to  the  deriva- 

ir.  49.  (GBO.  UR.)  K.  tion  of  ritut  from  r/xruv  ^  to  bring  forth.' 

144.  Maacukt  biiie  <  mighty  rage.'  151.  Getuo-,  ii.  3.  PR.  Ter.  Ph.  I.  i. 
146.  Qnm  pdenmi  umquam  tatis  ex'  10.  K. 

pmgare eictdmt  Hor. II  Ep.ii.53.  CAS.  Vum  loqmmvrj  fugerii  mvUla  alas: 

The  AiMyrrf  is  here  meant,  which  is  carpe  diem ;  Hor.  I  Od.  xi.  7  sq.  VS. 

called  ekmia  from  its  hollow  stalk.  SA.  The  language  of  the  Epicureans  was ; 

7*.  cf.  Plin.  H.  N.  xxv.  «  94.  JT.  voltfjjiatibus,  quoquo  tnodo  postmMVs,  sev' 

146.  Cato  the  censor  is  said  to  have  viamus:  brevi  enim  teittpore  nulli  erimus 

repented  of  three  things:  (1)  having  told  onmino,  ergo  nuUum  diem,  nullum  fern- 

his  wife  a  secret,  (2)  having  spent  a  day  porie  piinctum  fluere  nobis  sine  volt/plate 

nnprofitably,  and  (3)  having  gone  to  a  paticmwr,  ne,  qukt  ipsi  quandoque perituri 

place  by  sea,  when  he  could  have  gone  s»mus,  id  ipsum  quod  vixerimus  pereat ; 

thi^er  by  land :  Plut.  accoiding  to  the  Lact.  PR. 


440  THE  SATIRES  .         sat.  v. 

Quod  vivis :  cinis  et  manes  et  fabula  fies. 

Vive  memor  leti,  fugit  bora :  hoc,  quod  loquor,  inde  est' 
En  quid  agis  ?    Duplici  in  (Uversum  scinderis  hamo ; 
155  Hunccine  an  hunc  sequeris?    Subeas  altemus  oportet 

Ancipiti  obsequio  dominos,  alternus  oberres. 

Nee  tu,  quum  obstiteris  semel  instantique  neg^ris 

Parere  imperio,  <<  Rupi  jam  vineula,"  dicas. 

Nam  et  luctata  canis  nodum  abripit :  attamen  illi, 
160  Quum  fugit,  a  coUo  trahitur  pars  longa  catenae. 

<  That  alone  can  be  deemed  life,  I4>plie8  this  rery  beantifiiUy:   *'  Even 

which  is  devoted  to  me,*  CAS,  T,  cf.  Sil.  now,  while  I  write,  time  steak  on  oor 

XV.  64  sqq.  K,    fiin  fiiw  %%ifiituf  •&»  Irr)  youui  And  a  moment's  cat  olF  from  thy 

filti  is  a  Greek  proverb.  PK.  or  *•  If  you  friendship  and  truth."    The  whole  k 

ever  really  live,  it  is  all  owing  to  me.'  Luxury's  argument  amounts  to  this: 

quod  tmro  et  placeo,  si  pUxceOf  iuum  est;  **  Let  us  eat  and  drink,  for  to>morrow  ve 

Hor.  IV  Od.  iii.  24.  M.  die ;"  1  Cor.  xv.  32.  Liaiah  xxii.  IS.  M, 

152.  Vii€B  tumma  bretnt  spem  not  vetat  164.  Plutarch,  in  his  treatise  on  envy 

tw^wareUmgam.jamtepremetnoxfabU''  and  hatred,  calls  vice  ««XMl^««rr^: 

Uggue  manes;  Hor.  I  Od.  iv.  16  sq.  LU,  Dama  had  swallowed  two  baits,  diat  of 

Stoici  usuram  nobis  largiuntur  tamquam  Avarice,  and  that  of  Luxury.  PR,  Prop. 

comicibus:  diu  mansuros  aiuni  animosy  IV.  i.  141.  JST.  cf.  1  Swings  xviii.  21. 

semper  negani;  Cic.  T.  Q.  i.  71,  aiwU  165.  Understand  dominum,  M, 

m<mereanitnoSfecomorequumexc€sseriniy  166.  Obseguium  denotes  *  servile  com- 

sed  non  semper;  A,  78.    Therefore,  if  pliance,'  *  indulgence,'  *  flattery.'  i,  107. 

this  line  be  aelivered  in  accordance  with  note,  molesia  Veritas  est^  siqMem  ex  ea 

the  Stoical  notions,  it  will  mean  <  You  nascitur  odhtmy  quod  est  venenmm  ami' 

will  soon  die,  and  when  your  body  has  citia:  sed obseguium  mvitomobttius,fmod 

been  reduced  to  ashes,  your  spirit  will  peccatis  indulgens  praeipitem  cmucum 

abide  for  a  time  among  the  shades,  and  ferri  smit;  and  m  obsequio  eomstasadsU; 

at  last  you  will  be  utterly  annihilated.  asscntaOo  vitiorum  eu^ntrispprocuitamooe' 

soul  as  well  as  body,  so  that  you  will  atur;  Cic.  de  Am.  91.  PM.  c£  i.  107, 

live  only  in  memory  and  in  name.'  cf.  note :  St  Luke  xvi.  13. 

Macr.  S.  i.  3.  Virg.  i£.  vi.  743.  Varro  167.  Semel.   "  One  swallow  does  not 

V.  PR,    **  Soon  wilt  thou  glide  a  ghost  make  a  summer ;"  neither  can  one  or 

for  gossip's  chat."  BW.  Prop.  III.  xiii.  two  actions  constitute  a  habit.   Arist 

46.    K.     U  V  i\iy^  ^Tif  4-t  Tt^w^9  £th.  PR, 

»Sl$reu-  «j/T*>  ^  »m)  rirviT  ;^«/««}.  ir*-  168.  Scilicet  asserui  Jam  mej/ugique 

r^iit^  y*»*t^f  n«'fir^(Mt.  Wmfit^M-  ri  }$  catenas;   Ov.  Am.  III.  xi.  3.     O  tuHet 

ri$  I   ri  t  tS  Tit  t  ^tu»t  Snt^,  M^irt'  servus!  qua  beUua  ruptis^  cum  semel 

Pind.  P.  viii.  131  sqq.  G.  ^Jf^'gHy  reddit  seprava  eatenis;  Hor.  II 

163.  Dum  licet y  in  rebus  Jucundis  vive  S.  vii.  19  sq.  PR, 

beatus,  vive  memory  qnam  sis  cevi  brevis;  169.  This  illustration  is  pleasantly  ap- 

Hor.  II  S.  vi.  96  sq.  CJS.  T,  currit  plied  by  Butler :"  For  though  the  dame 

enim  ferox  tetas;  II  Od.  v.  13  sq.  sed  has  been  my  bail  To  free  me  from  en- 

fufrit  intereoj  fugit  irreparabile  tempus;  chanted  jail.  Yet  as  a  dog,  committed 

Virg.  G.  iii.  284.  PR,  close  For  some  offence,  by  chance  breaks 

Breve  est  vita  isfitts  curriculum :  hoc  loose  And  quits  his  clog,  but  all  in  vain, 

ipsunt  quod  loquoTy  quod  scribo,  quod  re-  He  still  drags  after  him  his  chain ;  So, 

legOf  de  tempore  meo  mihi  aut  crescit  aut  though  my  ancle  she  has  quitted,  Mv 

deperit;  S.  tiier.  on  £p.  Gal.  iii.  6.  PR.  heart  continues  still  committed ;"  Hud. 

Eur.  Ale.  785  sqq.  Bion  Id.  v.  9  sqq.  II.  iii.  66  sqq.  BW, 

Petr.  72.  Sen.  H.  F.  177  sqq.  Juv.  ix.  160.  *  You  carry  that  about  with  you, 

126  sqq.   notes.  K,     The  late   Lord  which  will  enable  Avarice  or  Luxury, 

Hervey,  in  a  poetical  epistle  to  a  friend  your  old  masters^  at  any  time  to  drag 


SAT.  V.  OF  PERSIUS.  441 

'^  Dave,  cito^  hoc  credas  jubeo,  finire  dolores 
PrsBteritos  meditor.*'     (Crudum  Chserestratus  unguem 
Abrodens  ait  haec.)     <^  An  siccis  dedecus  obstem 
Cognatis  ?  an  rem  patriam  rumore  sinistro 
165  Limen  ad  obscoenum  frangam,  dum  Chrysidis  udas 
Ebrius  ante  fores  exstincta  cum  face  canto  ?" 


you  again  into  their  power  and  to  resume  virum  fiti  rata  tic  en  m ,  frugi  continen  - 

their  influence  oyer  your  actions.'  K,  tern;  Plaut  As.  V.  ii.  (>  sq.  scito  illnm 

161 .  This  lively  little  dialogue  is  taken  ante  omnes  m  a  didu  m,  nihiii^incontincn- 

from  the  Eunuch  of  Menander  :  Terence  iem;  i&.Ssq.  cf.  Hor.  I  Ep.  xix.  9.  I  Od. 

has  changed  the  dramatis  persons.  VS.  xviii.  8.  Cic.  for  Quint  93.  Rose.  76. 

cf.  Hor.  II  S.  iu.  259  sqq.  K.    It  may  PR,  Hor.  IV  Od.  v.  38—40.  M. 

confidently  be  opposed  to  any  similar  164.  Sinisira  iiberalitas:  parum  ex- 

scene  of  equal  length  in  the  dramatic  patraviU  guidettf  ait,  an  parum  hel- 

and  satiric  writers,  whose  works  have  lucUfu  eat  f  paterua  jtrimum  lancinata 

reached  us.  G.  •unt  bona  ;  8fc.  Cat.  xxix.  16  sqq.bwiam 

163.  Amorem  kite  cuncta  vitia  secfari  deperdere  Jamam,  rem  patris  obiimare 

toiemtfCumjagrHudOffumia^elegmitiaj  malum  est,  fyc,  Hor.  I  S.  ii.  61  sqq.  PJR. 

ifCm  ted  amort  accedmU  etiam  hac  qute  cf.  Juv.  ziv.  1.  M. 

duti  mmtUj  inmmmiaj  arumna,  emir,  Turpit  amor  surdisaurilnu  ease  soUt ; 

ienroryet/ygafineptia,gttdtiiiaque,adeoet  Ov.  Pi?. 

temeriku^meogittmiiaejccors^immodestia,  165.  Frangam;  a  metaphor  from  a 

petwkmiiaf  cupidUtUy  et  malivolentia,  tn-  ship  splitting  on  a  rock.  Pit.  cf.  Plaut. 

ktertt  etiam  tandiioi,  detidia,  ifyuria,  Trin.  II.  i.  19  sqq.  CAS. 

mBfiUy  eotUmneUa,  et  ^Utpendiuni,  multi-  *■  Wet,'    not  only  with  the  scents 

IffarnoR,  poMciloqmum;    Plaut.  Merc,  sprinkled  thereon  by   the  loverK  who 

pr.  18  tqq.  qmisfuu  amores  out  metuet  came  to  serenade  her,   VS.  and  with 

duieee,  out  experieiur  amaros ;   Virg.  wine,  but  with  tears.  CAS.  cf.  Pluut. 

£.  ilL  109    sq.  o   indignum  f acinus !  Cure.  1.  i  sq.  PR.  at  lacrumans  ejcclusus 

mme  ego  et  ittam  eceleskun  esse,  etme  amator  liminasapefloribusetsertisoperit 

Wfiaermmsentio;  ettstdet,etamoreardeo;  postesque  superbm  vngit  amaracino  rt 

eiprudens,  sciene,  f^*ts,  vidensquepereo;  Joribus  miser  osculajigit;  Lucr.  iv.  1171 

mee  fuid  agam  sew;  Ter.  Eun.  1.  i.  25  sqq.  MAR.     It  may  also  mean  ^  fre- 

tqq.  d  Hor.  I  Od.  Tiii.  2  sqq.  II  S.  iii.  quented  by  those  in  their  cups.'  ebritis 

363.  PR,  ad  durum  fwmosce  limen  amica  cantat : 

Charestraius  is  the  Phedria  of  Te-  habent  uncfa  mollia  serta  coma ;  Ov.  F. 

rence  :  Davus  the  Parmeno :    Chrysis  v.  339  uq.  {H.)  K. 

the  Thais.    PR,     Common  names  of  166.  The  torch  was  extinguished,  that 

■laves  among  the  Romans  were  Statins,  the  serenader  might  not  be  recognized  by 

Dionyrins,  Stichns,  Hera ;  at  Athens,  those  who  passed  by.  CAS.tace :  occulte- 

Davus  (from  Dacia).  Geta  ;   among  mus  lumen  et  vocem;  Plaut.  Cure.  I.  i. 

the  Sjrriaiui,  Dama;  m  Paphlagonia,  95.ebrius,et  (magnum  quod  dedecus) 

Tybiiis;  in   Phrygia,   Manes,   Mida;  ambulet  afUenoctemctfm/acibus;'RoT,l 

among  tha  Spartans.  Helota ;  at  Argos,  S.  iv.  51  sq.  PR.    When  the  fair  one 

Gymneta ;  amons  tue  Cretans,  Ephar-  proved  inexorable,   they  dashed  their 

mioCa,  Clarota,  Minota ;  in  Thessaly,  torch  on  the  ground,  setnper  et  exclusi 

Penesta;    at   Syracuse,    Eustatonus;  signa jacere f aces  \VTo^.\.ii\\.%. MAR. 

at  Sicyon,  Corynephoms ;    among  the  Noctuoccentabtmt ostium ;  Plant.  Pers. 

Mariandyni,  Doryphorus  ;  &c  A.  Some  IV.  iv.  20.  quid  si  adeam  ad /ores  atqve 

of  these  names  denote  classes  rather  occentem;  id.  Cm.  I.  ii.  57.  for  further 

than  individuals.  information  respecting  these  serenades, 

Tlusis  the  action  of  a  person  annoyed  see  Hor.  Ill  Od.  x.  PR.  I  Od.  xxv. 

with  himself.  Prop.  II.  iii.  1.  III.  xxiii.  III.  vii.  30  sq.  II  S.  vii.  89  sqq.  (JA. 

34.  K.  cf.  i.  106,  PR.  MI.)  Prop.   I.  xvi.  6  sqq.  III.  ii.  47 

163.  '  Sober.'  ego  pneter  alios  meum  sqq.  (B.)  K. 

3l 


442 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  V. 


^  Euge,  puer,  sapias :  dis  depellentibus  agnam 
Percute.*    "  Sed  censen  plorabit,  Dave,  relicta?^ 
^  Nugaris.     Solea,  puer,  objurgabere  rubra. 

170  Ne  trepidare  velis  atque  arctos  rodere  easses: 

Nunc  ferns  et  violens ;  at  si  Tooet,  baud  mora,  dicas — 
^^  Quidnam  igitur  faciam  ?   nee  nunc,  quum  arcessor  et 

ultro 
"  Supplicat,  accedam  ?' — Si  totus  et  integer  illinc 
Exieras,  nee  nunc'  Hie,  hie,  quern  quaerimus,  hie  est: 

175  Non  in  festuca,  lictor  quam  jactat  ineptus. 
Jus  habet  ille  sui  palpo,  quern  ducit  hiantem 
Cretata  Ambitio  ?  ^  Vigila  et  cicer  ingere  large 


167.  Puer;  Hot.  I.  ix.  16.  Sil.  xv. 
33.  IT. 

Understand  si  before  sapias :  Hor.  I 
Od.  xi.  6.  Ov.  Am.  I.  iv.  29.  (BU,  H.) 
CAS. 

Avemtncantibtts  is  the  more  teebnical 
word;  itXi3f/»a%»tfiu^infr0»vati9e»  These 
deities  were  Castor  and  Pollux.  T. 

Nos  humilem/eriemus  agnam ;  Hor.I  I 
Od.  xvii.  32.  PR. 

168.  *  Sacrifice.*  T.  Ov.  F.  i.  347.  Tr. 
IV.  ii.  6.  M.  XV.  126.  K. 

Heec  verba  una  meherck  falsa  lacru- 
mttlay  quam^  octiios  terendo  misere^  vLr  vi 
ejcpresserif,  restinguet;  Ter.  Eun.  I.  i. 
22  sqq.  PR.  cf.  Juv.  vi.  271  sqq,  notes. 

169.  The  solea  was  *  the  slipper'  worn 
by  ladies,  and  sometimes  by  effeminate 
men:  Gell.  xiii.  20.  A^  v.  18.  Cic.  Verr. 
vii.  85.  Pis.  13.  Clodius  is  accused  of 
wearing  crocotam^  mitram,  muliebres 
soleas;  H.  Resp.  44.  It  was  used  by 
the  fair  tyrants  for  the  chastisement  of 
their  humble  admirers,  cf.  Juv.  vi.  612, 
note.  Chrysost.  Horn.  14.  FR.  T.  BU, 
Anth.  L.  t.  i.  p.  618.  K. 

1 70.  The  metaphor  is  taken  from  beasts 
caught  in  *  the  toils.'  LU.  ac  wlutiprimo 
taurus  detractcU  aratray  mox  vefiit  assueto 
mollis  ad  arva  Jugo :  sic  primo  Juvenes 
trepidant  in  amore/erocesy  dehinc  domiti 
posthac  (Bqua  et  iniquaferunt ;  Prop,  II. 
iii.  47  sqq.  (BU.)  sic  laqtteos  fera^  dum 

jactat y  astringif :  sic  avcsy  dum  viscum  tre- 
pidantes  excutiunty  plumis  omnilfus  illi- 
nunty  Sen.  Ira  iii.  16.  CAS,  cf.  Virg. 
M.  iv.  121.  ix.  114.  M.  xi.  463.  K. 

172.  Cf.  Hor.  II  S.  iii.  262.  (BY.) 
K. 


173.  /n/^gr^^  heart-whole,'  Jf.  *  with- 
out the  loss  of  your  heart'  /Lnu  hie  apud 
nosestammustuttfclavocmpidinu;  Plaut. 
As.  I.  iii.  4.  anima  magts  est  ubi  euaaty 
quam  tUn  animcU.  PR, 

175.  Festuca  is  ufied  contemptuooaly 
for  vindicta,  quidf  ea  tngenuay  anfewtmea 
facta  ?  servoy  an  libera  estt  Plant.  M.  6. 

IV.  i.  16.  {TB.)  But  Plutarch  sayg  that 
'  stubble'  was  thrown  on  the  penoo  of 
the  manumitted  slave  by  one  of  the 
lictors  :  de  S.  N.  Vind.  PR. 

One  of  the  six  lictors,  who  attended 
the  prsetor,  LU,  probably  carried  his 
wand.  '  A  stalk  nourished  by  a  foolish 
beadle'  must  have  been  incompetent  to 
confer  real  liberty  and  wisdom.  PR. 

176.  Avari  non  habent  dhriHas  sed  a 
divitiis  habentur;  Sen.  PR. 

Palpo  '  a  coaxer,'  *  a  demagc^e ;' 
««X«^  Tw  Ufuv  Plato.  CAS. 

Sedfulgente  trahit  consirictos  Ghria 
curru  ;  Hor.  I  S.  vi.  23.  DB. 

Hnnc  plausus  hiantemy  per  cuneot 
geminatus  enimplebitque  pairumiquey  ewr- 
ripuit;  Virg.  G.  ii.  606  sqq. 

177.  Those  who  canTamed  for  an 
office  used  always  to  have  tlieir  white 
gown  fresh  from  the  toller's  hands ;  and 
to  add  to  its  brilliancy,  it  was  rubbed 
with  chalk,  fit  toga  addito  fuodam  cretet 

fenere  candidior;    Isid.   xiT.  24.  LL 
^olybius  calls  the  gown   Xm^9^,  not 
Xtc/xif.  DN, 

AnUfitio '  the  going  about  to  mlicit  the 
vote  and  interest  of  each  elector.'  M. 
Now  follows  the  command  of  Ambition 
to  her  slave.  PA. 

Vigila :  they  commenced  Uieir  mom- 


SAT-  V,  OF  PERSIUS.  443 

Rixanti  populo,  nostra  ut  Floralia  possint 
Aprici  meminisse  senes.     Quid  pulchrius  T    At  quum 
180  Herodis  veoere  dies  uoctaque  fenestra 

Dispositse  pinguem  ;iebulam  vomuere  lucemac 
Portantes  violas  rubrumque  amplexa  catinum 
Cauda  natat  thynni,  tumet  alba  Rdelia  vino : 
Labra  moves  tacitus  recutitaque  sabbata  palles. 


ing  calls,   on  these  occasionfl,  before  privileges  and  immunities  upon  the  Jews 
daybreak.  CAS,  ct  Mart.  IV.  Ixxviii.  then  resident  in  Rome:  to  this,  must  be 
Sen.  Br.  V.  24.  or  ^  Be  on  the  watch/  added  that  he  restored  the  temple,  the 
*■  be   always  on    the  look  out  for  an  idol  of  Jewish  vanity,  with  surpassing 
opportunity  of  ingratiating  yourself  with  magnificence.   This  was  enough  for  that 
thepeople.'  M,  K.  factious  and  selfish  people  :    many  of 
The  candidates  for  popularity  used  to  them  honoured  his  memory,  (execrable 
throw   among  the  mob   a   number  of  as  it  was,)  and  kept  the  day  of  his  acces- 
tallies  entitling  the  bearer  to  a  certain  sion  as  a  festival.     Persius,  like  all  the 
quantity  of  some  sort  of  grain,  in  cicere  writers  of  his  time,  speaks  of  the  Jews 
€Uquefabab(matuperdasquelumni8;liioT,  with  equal  ignorance  and  contempt; 
II  S.  iii.  182.     This  was  tne  method  and,  in  this  place,  confounds  a  simple 
porsued  by  the  ediles  at  ^  the  games  of  festival  with  their  solemn  sabbaths.  G. 
Flora.'     The  sums  squandered  in  these  VS,  CAS.  PR,  cf.  Juv.  xi v.  96  sqq,  notes, 
largesses,  under  the  republic,  far  sur-  St  Matthew  xiv.  6.  St  Mark  vi.  21.  jif. 
paned  the  most  lavish  cost  of  our  con-  181.  Juv.  xii.  90 — 92,  notes,  moraiur 
tested  elections,   and  were  frequently  Dei  anciUa  in  laribus  alienit^et  inter  ilto^ 
ruinous  to  the  parties,  tf/&o/)u/<are  «arrum  omnilus  honoribim  damonum,   omnibus 
biM  miUia  dena  ttUisKi\  Mart.  X.  xli.  7.  wletmibtu  regum,  inciuiente  annOf  incipi' 
eren  when  the  emperors  had  engrossed  ente  mensey  nidore  thuris  agitabitur:  ei 
the  whole  power,  and  the  only  subject  procedat  de  Janua  laureaia  ct  lucemalay 
of  contention  was,  to  be  a  slave  with  tU  de  novo  amsislorio  libidinum  publica- 
the  title  of  an  office,  or  without  it.  A,  rum\  Tert.  ad  Ux.  xi.  PR, 
vu  8.  PR,  G,  cf.  Suet.  sap»  cicer  was  a  Vomuere  ;  Virg.  M,  v.  682.  M, 
very  plebeian  food.  Hor.  A.  P.  249.  I  182.  Cumano  rubiatndam  putcere  (es- 
S.  vi.  116.  cf.  Mart.  VIII.  Ixxix.  7  sqq.  tern;  Mart.XIV.cxiv.l./wrop«#r«Aro; 
Stat.  S.  I,  vi.  9  sqq.  (B,)  K.  cf.  vi.  60,  XI.  xxvii.  6.  PR,    This  is  put  by  hyp- 
note,  allage  for  ^  the  dish  embracing  the  tail 

178.  *  Scrambling.*  PR,  of  the  fish.'  LU,  *  The  red  earthenware,* 
FloraUa\  Macr.  S.  i.  4.  Aug.  Civ.  D.  *  the  large  coarse  fish/  and  *  the  tail,' 

vL  7.  PR*  Juv.  vi.  249,  note,  K,  which  was  not  the  prime  part  of  it,  *  the 

179.  Juv.  xi.  203.  This  basking  in  white  jug,' and  *  the  frothy  wine,' are  all 
the  sun  is  characteristic  of  old  uge.  mentioned  contemptuously  and  H-ith  re- 
**  Together  they  totter  about,  Or  sit  in  ference  to  the  meanness  and  poverty  of 
the  sun  at  the  door;"  Darby  and  Joan,  the  Jews.  M, 

M.  Cic.  Sen.  16.  K,  183.   Prcecipua  nuignitudine  thynni. 

180.  We  now  come  to  the  tyranny  of  invenimwt  tcUenta  xv  pependisse,  ^usdem 
Saperadtion.  The  Herodians  were  a  cauda  latitudinemtlm  ctd*Ua  et  palmumy 
considerable  party  among  the  Jews,  fyc,  Plin.  ix.  16>«  17  and  20.  PR. 
Under  Herod  the  Great,  the  government  Tuniet  may  simply  mean  *  is  filled  to 
attained  a  pitch  of  power,  which  it  had  the  brim.'  CAS,  or  "  The  crude  must 
not  reached  since  the  captivity.  He  foams  o'er  the  pitcher's  brims."  G,  cf. 
was  greatly  favoured  by  Dolabella  and  Virg.  G.  ii.  6. 

Antony, and, subsequently, by  Augustuj*;  184.  Cf.  ii.  6,  note.  PR, 

who,  like  the  two  former,  extended  his  *  The  sabbaths  of  the  circumcised.' 

empire,  and,  at  his  request,  conferred  VS,  Mart.  VII.  xxix.  6.  K, 


444  THE  SATIRES  sat.  v. 

185  Tunc  nigri  lemures  ovoque  pericula  rupto : 

Tunc  grandes  Galli  et  cum  sistro  lu8ca  sacerdos 
Incussere  deos  inflantes  corpora,  si  non 
Prsedictum  ter  mane  caput  gustaveris  alii. 
Dixeris  hsec  inter  varicosos  centuriones, 


186.    Understand    timerUur,     CAS.  49,  Yairo.  inter  viridemCjfbeltnaUatqite 

sonmioj    terrores    tnagicoSj     miracttla^  Celctnas  atnnis  it  insana,  nomine  GalbUj 

sctgaSf   noctitmos   lemures,  portentaque  aqua :  qui  bibit  inde,  furU ;  Ov.  F.  iv. 

Thcssala  rides  f  Hor.  II  Ep.  ii.  208  sq.  363  eqq.  PR, 

animus  virtute  per/echts  genius  vocatur.  ^stro ;  Juy.  xiii.  93,  note.  Apulehis 

animum  humanum  enteritis vit<estipendiis  calls  it  aureum  crepitaculum  ;  /.  c.  K.  it 

corpore   suo  abjitrantem  vetere   Latina  was  also  made  of  ailrer  or  brass.  PR. 

lingua  lemur  em  dictitatum  reperio.  ex  This  one-eyed  lady,  havine  never  had 

hisce  lemuribtis  qui  posterorum  suorum  a  matrimonial  offer,  deroted  herself  to 

euram  sortitusy  phcato  et  ouietonumine  the  service  of  Isis,  VS.  where  her  defect 

domum  possidet,  Lar  familiaris  dicitur :  might  be  turned  to  good  account,  for  she 

qvi  vero  ob  adversa  vita  ineritay  nullis  might  represent  it  as  the  act  of  the  of- 

bonis  scdibiiSf  incerta  vagationey  seu  guo'  fended  gcKldess  :  if  the  ministers  of  that 

dam  ewsilio  punitur,  inane  (errtculamen-  deity  were  so  exposed   to  her  wrath, 

turn    bonis  rtoniinibus,   cetertim  noxium  what  must  other  mortals  be?  cf.  Juv. 

malisj  id  genus  plerique  Larvasperhibent.  xiii.  93.  Ov.  Pont.  I.  i.  61   sqq.    PR. 

cum  vfTi)  incertnm  est,  qua  cuique  eomm  M. 

sortitioev€iu:ritjUtrum  Lar  silvan  Larva,  187.  *  Have  inculcated  the  dread  of 

mmiine  Manem  deum  nuncupant ;  Apul.  the  gods :'  LU.  i.  e.  of  Venus  and  her 

de  D.  Socr.  dtuxt  tibi  Deus  obvias  species  son.  SA.  T.    Ulcers  and  tumours  are 

mortnarum,  quidqnid  Umbraruni  est  us-  very   common    in    Syria   and     Egypt. 

qtiam,  qfiidquid  Leimirum,quidqiud  Ma~  Aret.  Morb.  Ac.  6.    rnv  ly^imw  hn  m 

nium,    quidquid  Larvarum,  oculis  tuis  ^uwiiai/itnt   t§fii^»uei9f  if  fuuvthi  ng  n 

aggerat,  omnia  noctium  occursacula,  om-  it^vA$  ^«7*i»  ^«  a»ri«v)i^«  ^41  r^/i4»,  tAjM#i 

nia   bustortim  fwmidamina,   omnia   se-  r§  eSfia  «'//K«'Xa»«i,  rvyntxiiy  r«  Jtra^* 

piilcrorum   terriculamenta ;    Id.    Apol.  Plut.  Superst,  9.  t.  viii.  p.  76.  CAii* 

cf.  Varr.  de  V.  P.  R.  i.  Ov.  F.  v.  419  Mart  I V .  xUii.  2.  PR. 

sqq.  PI2.  188.  *  Named  before  you  eat  it.*  XIT. 

Eggs  were  much  used  in  lustrations  *  A  head  of  garlick  eaten  fasting*  was 
and  expiations.  Ov.  A.  A.  ii.  329  sq.  reckoned  a  specific  against  magical 
Hor.  Ep.  V.  19  sq.  A'.  If  an  egg  broke  fascination.  lAJ.  T. 
when  put  on  the  fire,  it  portended  jeo-  189.  ^r^rmrtM.^  JiXtyim  was  pro- 
pardy  to  the  person  or  property  of  the  verbial  among  the  Greeks.  PR.  Surely 
individual.  VS.  There  was  another  su-  Persius  has  shown  little  judgement  in 
perstition  relative  to  an  egg:  hue  per-  propounding  his  Stoical  paradoxes  to 
finet  (worum  ut  exsorbueril  quisqne  ctuices  such  an  audience  :  but  he  seems  to  bear 
coc/dearumqueprotinus/rangi  aui  eosdem  a  rooted  dislike  to  the  soldiery  ;  and 
cochlearibus  per/orari;  Plin.  xxviii.  2.  whenever  he  has  occasion  for  a  more 
The  danger  was  in  case  the  shells  should  illiterate  and  worthless  character  than 
be  pricked  with  a  needle.  T.  Many  ordinary,  he  commonly  repairs  to  the 
persons  even  at  the  present  day,  after  camp  for  him.  His  conduct,  in  this 
eating  an  egg,  always  break  the  bottom  instance,  will  perhaps  remind  the  reader 
of  the  shell ;  some  from  superstitious  of  Fielding  and  Smollett,  who,  in  corn- 
motives,  and  others  without  knowing  pliance  with  the  wretched  cant  of  tiieir 
why.  times,  manifested  a  patriotic  abhorrence 

186.  Cf.  Juv.  vi.  613,  note.  PR.  of  the  military,  and  seldom  went  further 

Galli  *  priests  of  Cybele'  said  to  be  so  for  a  blockheaa,  a  parasite,  or  an  adept 

called  after  Gallus  a  river  of  Phrygia,  in  low  villainy,  than  the  Army  List. 

whose  water  drove  them  mad ;  Plin.  xi.  We  have  outhved  this  stupid  piece  of 


SAT.  V,  OF  PERSIUS.  445 

190  Continuo  crassum  ridet  Volfenius  ingens, 
Et  centum  Graecos  curto  centusse  licetur. 


iujustice ;   and  a  *'  led-cajptain"  is  no  190.  *  Sets  up  a  horse-laugh.'  PR, 

linger  considered  as  the  indispensable  Ingens;  95  ^  note. 

Vice  of  every  novel.  Gf.  191.  *  And,  for   a  hundred  of  your 

Varicotos ;  Juv.  vi.  397,  note.  Sol.  p.  Greeks,  bids  short  of  a  hundred  pence.' 

3a3.  (SA.)  K.  L  U.  cf.  Petr.  46.  (BU,)  K. 


"">     *"i.<-'^', 


I 

,    1 


SATIRE    VI. 


ARGUMENT. 

This  is  one  of  the  most  pleasing  and  original  of  these  t^tires.  Its  primary 
object  is  to  point  out  the  proper  use  of  riches :  and  the  author  (after  a 
beautiful  exordium,  in  which  the  genius  and  learning  of  his  friend 
Hassus  are  complimented  with  all  the  warmth  of  friendship,  1 — 6.) 
exhibits  his  own  conduct  in  the  regulation  of  his  desires,  as  explanatory 
of  his  views.  6 — 24. 

A  kind  and  liberal  attention  to  the  necessities  of  others  is  then  recom- 
mended ;  and  the  various  artifices  of  avarice  to  disguise  its  sordid  and 
selfish  feelings  under  the  specious  names  of  prudence,  ancient  simplicity, 
a  regard  for  the  welfare  of  successors,  &c.  are  detected  and  exposed 
with  marked  severity.  26 — 40. 

The  poem  concludes  with  some  sarcastic  reproof  of  the  greediness  of  heirs 
in  expectation,  41 — 74.  and  a  striking  description  of  the  nature  of 
cupidity,  which  strengthens  with  indulgence,  and  becomes  more  craving 
in  proportion  as  it  is  more  abundantly  supplied.  75 — 80. 

This  Satire  is  not  only  the  most  agreeable  and  original,  but  the  most  in- 
teresting of  our  author's  works.  It  was  evidently  written  by  him,  while 
yet  in  the  flower  of  youth,  possessed  of  an  independent  fortune,  of 
estimable  friends,  of  dear  connections,  and  of  a  cultivated  mind,  under 
the  consciousness  of  irrecoverable  disease  ;  a  situation  in  itself  suffici- 
ently affecting,  and  which  is  rendered  still  more  so,  by  the  placid,  and 
even  cheerful  spirit  which  pervades  every  part  of  the  poem.  G. 


SAT.  VI.  THE  SATIRES  OF  PERSIUS.  447 


Admovit  jam  bruma  foco  te,  Basse,  Sabino  ? 
Jamne  lyra  et  tetrico  vivunt  tibi  pectine  chorda?  ? 
Mire  opifex  numeris  veterum  primordia  vocum 
Atque  marem  strepitum  fidis  intendisse  Latins?,  L 

5  Mox  juvenes  agitare  jocos  et  poUice  honesto  l"^  I'Tt-riO^  •  ^ 
Egregios  lusisse  senes  ?  Mihi  nunc  Ligus  ora  jiHyZAAX^  J)H*^ 
Intepet  hibematque  meum  mare,  qua  latus  ingehs    fO  ' 

Dant  scopuli  et  multa  litus  se  valle  receptat. 

1.  From  this  it  appears  that  the  Virg.  i£.  ix.  776.  Hor.  I  Ep.  iii.  12  sq. 
wealthy  Romans  changed  their  residence  K. 

with  the  seasons :  and  that  they  not  only  5.  Juvena  for  juveniles;  LU,  Ov.  Tr. 

resorted  to  their  villas  in  the  spring,  but  V.  i.  7.  K, 

at  other  times,  when  they  were  disposed  Agitare Joeos;  Ov.  M.iii.  319.  the  same 

for  study  and  retirement  Cic  Att.  Suet.  tMJocarL  K, 

Aug.  72.  Hor.  I  Ep.  vii.  xv.  PR,  II  Ep.  Jocos ;  Ov.  Tr.  II.  494.  III.  iL  4.  K. 

ii.  65  sqa.  77  sq.   Plin.  Ep.  i.  9.  a.  '  Amatory   and   playful    themes.'   LU. 

literary  characters,  like  our  poets,  were  Musa    dedit  fidtbus  juvenum  euros   et 

glad  ot  any  pretence  to  escape  from  the  libera  vina  referre ;  Hor.  A.  P.  83  sqq. 

riotous  excesses  and  the  anarchy  of  the  CAS. 

Saturnalia.  G.  "  With  moral  touch."  6. 

Bruma  novi  prima  est  veterisque  novis-  6.  Ludeie  for  eanere ;  as  in  Virg.  E.  i. 

lima  eolis;  Ov.  F.  i.  163.  with  us  '  St  10.  PR.  Hor.  iV.  Od.  ix.  9.  or  <  to  play 

Thomas's  day.*  Festus.  PR,  the  good  old  man'  by  assuming  an  air  of 

Foeus  is  used  for  prtrdium,  on  account  authority    and   sentenliousness :    honum 

of  the  time  of  the  year.  K.  civem  litdere ;  Cic.  Ep.  viiL  9.  K. 

Cessius  Bassus,  an  eminent  lyric  poet ;  He  was  staying  with  his  mother  Fnlvia 

who  was  destroyed,  together  witn  his  Sisennia,  who,  after  his  father's  death, 

country  house,  in  that  great  eruption  of  married  again ;  her  second  husband  was 

Vesuvius,  VS.  in  which  Pliny  the  elder  a  Ligurian.  VS. 

b  also  said  to  have  perished.  G.    He  is  Ligits  is  here  a  feminine  adjective, 

mentioned  as  approaching  most  nearly  to  LU. 

Horace:    Quint.  Inst.   x.    1,  96.   PR.  7.  Maria  agitata  ventis  ita  tepeseunt. 

Prop.  I.  iv.  1.  (BK.)   WE,  P.  L.  M.  ut  intelligi/aciU  possU  in  tantu  UUs  humo^ 

t.  iiu  p.  xxxiii  sqq.  K,  and  p.  xix.  DB.  ribus  inelusum  esse  ealorem :  nee  enim  ille 

2.  '*  While  the  strings  quicken  to  thy  extemus  et  adoentitiut  habendus  est  tepor, 
manly  quill."  G.  Ov.  A.  A.  i.  721.  Sen.  sed  ex  intimie  maris  partibns  agitatione 
H.  F.  579  sq.  lyra  et  chordae  for  '  strings  exeitatus:  Cic.  N.  D.  ii.  10  s  26.  PR. 
of  the  lyre.*  On  this  instrument,  cf.  Hor.  Plut.  Q.  N.  viii.  t.  xiiL  cf.  Prop.  IV.  i. 
I  Od.  X.  6.  III.  u.  3.  (J A.)  K.  124.  ( PAS,)  K. 

3.  '  Of  wondrous  skill  in  adapting  to  Defendens  pitees  hyemat  mare;  Hor. 
minstrelsy  the  eariy  forms  of  ancient  II  S.  ii.  17.  PR,  vemat;  Sen.  Ep.  114. 
words,  and  the  masculine  strain  of  the  K. 

Latian  lute.'  It  would  appear  from  this,  8.  Dant  *  present.'  wt^inXsiirmsi  Xi^m^v 
that  Bassus  was  an  antiquary  and  had  S^t^n  uypnXMt,  kp*  Jv  rk  wiXmyn  umv- 
successfully  transferred  to  his  odes  some  mvirc^*  Strab.T.  FR,  Sil.  viii.  480.  (R.) 
of  the  nerrous  words  of  the  older  dialects  cf.  Virg.  JE.  i.  105.  iii.  533  sqq.  V.  Flac. 
of  his  country.  WB.  "  Great  workman!  i.  619.  Claud,  xlix.  37.  K.  Luna  where 
whose  blest  rouse  sweet  lines  affordes,  the  villa  stood  was  one  of  the  many  con- 
Full  of  the  native  beauty  of  old  wordes."  venient  and  beautiful  situations  in  which 
HO,  the  gulf  of  Spezia  abounded.   The  town 

4.  Intendisse  numeris  is  the  same  as  itself  has  lain  in  ruins  for  ages;  what  now 
numeris  condere ;  Ov.  F.  vi.  24.  or  nume-  occupies  a  part  of  its  site  is  called  Larice. 
ris  eoercere;  Id.  Pont.  IV.  viii.  73.  cf.  G. 


44S 


TlIK  SATIRES 


SAT.   VI. 


Lmiai  portum  est  operce  cognascere,  cives  I 
10  Cor  jubet  hoc  Enni,  postquam  destertuit  esse 
Meeonides,  Quintus  pavone  ex  Pythagoreo. 
Hic  ego  securus  yulgi  et  quid  prroparet  AuBter 
Infelix  pecori ;  securus  et,  angulus  ille 
Vicini  nostro  quia  pinguior.     Etsi  adeo  omnes 
15  Ditescant  orti  pejoribus,  usque  recusem 

Curvus  ob  id  minui  senio  aut  cccnare  sine  uneto 
£t  signum  in  vapida  naso  tetigisse  lagena. 


/ 


9.  A  verse  of  Ennius.  VS,  prtmtim 
oppidum  Hetrur'uK,  Luna,  portu  nabiU; 
Plin.  iii.  5.  xnr.  6.  xxzvi.  PR,  Ennius 
must  have  known  '  the  port  of  Luna' well. 
It  was  there  that  the  Romans  usually 
took  shipping  for  Corsica  and  Sardinia, 
the  latter  of  which  islands  the  poet  often 
visited  in  company  with  the  elder  Cato. 
G. 

Opera f  understand  pretium,  LU, 

10.  Cor  is  often  used  for '  sense.'  PR. 
Hence  the  adjectives  cordatus,  e*can, 
vecars,  ^c.  Cic.  T,  Q.  i.  9,  hoc  e$t  non 
modo  cor  non  habere,  ted  ne  palatum 
quidsm ;  Fin.  ii.  28.  K.  ear  Ennf  will  be 
a  periphrasis,  like  those  so  frequent  in 
Juvenal,  and  will  mean  '  Ennius  in  his 
senses.'  LU.  cf.  Juv.  iv.  39,  note. 

'  He  ceased  to  dream.'  LU,  cf.  pr.  2. 
PR. 

11.  Homer  was  called  Meeonidet,  PR. 
as  a  native  of  Smyrna  in  Lydia,  which 
was  anciently  called  Mxonia.  M. 

"  When,  all  his  dreams  of  transmigra- 
tion past.  He  found  himself  plain  Q  u  i  n- 
tus  at  the  last!"  G.  Q.  Ennius  born 
at  Rudii  in  Campania,  about  A.  U.  514. 
the  most  ancient  Latm  poet  after  Livius 
Andronicus,  wrote  the  Annals  of  the 
Roman  People  and  other  poems,  of  which 
only  fragments  remain,  cr.  Gell.  xvii.  17. 
Cic.  T.  Q.  i.  34.  Ennius  et  sa})int»  et 
fortis  et  alter  Homerus,  ut  eritici  dieunt, 
Uviter  curare  videtnr  quo  promisu  cadaut 
et  somnia  Pvthagorea ;  Hor.  II  Ep.  i.  50 
sqq.  PH,  For  fuither  particulars  see  AN. 

Our  poet  here  ridicules  the  Pythagorean 
doctrine  of  the  metempsychosis,  cf.  Ov. 
M.  zv.  160  sqq.  I'erL  de  An.  24  sq.  pavum 
se  meminit  [Jlomerui  Ennio  tomniante: 
Med  poetis  nee  vigUuntibus  eredam ;  i6. 
33  sq.  de  Res  Cam.  i.  7.  S.  Hier.  A  p. 
adv.  Ruf.  iii.  Jin.  Lact.  iii.  18.  vii.  23. 
PR.  Cic.  S.  Sc.  i.  Lucr.  i.  118—127. 


Hyg.  F.  1 12.  cf.  Prop.  IV.  i.  64  Hor. 
II  Ep.  n.  100.  K. 

12.  •'  CaielciB  of  what  tbe  vulgar 
think  or  say."  G.  Virg.  X..  I  360.  z. 
325.  Hor.  II  Od.  zvL^h.  I  S.  i.  1 10  tq. 
A'. 

Quid  eogitet  humidut  AutUr ;  Vin;.  G. 
i.  462.  quid  JIamine  captgt  AuUtri  Prop. 
III.  iii.  52.  K. 

}  3.  ArboributpM  tatiique  Naitu  psesrt- 
que  tiniiter;  Virg.  G.  i.  444.  PIL  Hor. 
II  Od.  xiv.  15  sq.  II  S.  vL  IB  aq.  Plio. 
II.  N.  u.  8  48.  K.  The  ItalUu  all  this 
wind  Sirocco,  M. 

O  u  angului  Ule  proMmw  euoeti^^  ftti 
nunc  denormat  agelbiml  Hor.  II  8.  vi. 
8  sq.  PR. 

15.  Ne  plut/hmunii  dbtatAu$  fMsfol 
agrU  Mutus ;  indignum,  fuod  eii  p^erilmt 
ortus;  Hor.  I  Ep.  vi.  21  sq.  PA. 

16.  Jam  vigor  et  ^uatto  Utnguent  in 
corpore  vires  / . . .  eenfiteorfaare  hoe  mmtoe ; 
sed  et  altera  causa  eet,  anxietas  animi  com- 
tinuusque  labor  i  Ov.  Pont  I.  iv.  3  ficc. 
PR.  M.  iL  760.  Hor.  I  £p.  zviu.  47. 
Sen.  Hip.  1 127  sqq.  aJ^s  yi^  hmmMmrt 
fi^Tt)  tutTmyn^mrJuyetw'  Ham.  Ud.  T 
at>0.  Hes.  O.  JJ.  93.  A. 

'  Without  good  chetr.'  if.  cf.  Hor. 
A.  P.  422.  PR.  iv.  17.  K. 

17.  It  was  the  custom  of  the  llomans 
to  pour  melted  pitch  over  tbe  month  of 
their  wine  vessels,  on  whidi,  when  suf- 
ficiently cooled  for  the  purpose,  they 
impressed  their  signets.  Suspicioiu  of 
his  slaves,  the  miser  is  ludicromlv  repre- 
sented as  bendrag  over  the  jar,  end  prying 
so  narrowly  into  tbe  state  of  the  seal  as 
to  touch  it  with  his  nose :  the  wiue  too. 
for  which  all  this  solicitude  is  manifested, 
is  not  unworthy  of  tbe  rett  of  the  picture. 
it  is  good  for  nothing.  6.  CAS.  7*.  cf. 
Hor.  II£p..ii.  134.  nmm  id  dmum 
leptdum  esttripareoshaminu  tgtuU§,avido§, 


SATk  VI. 


OF  PERSIUS. 


449 


■\ 


ivu 


.;. 


Discrepet  his  alius.     Geminos,  horoscope,  varo 
Producis  genio  !    Solis  natalibus  est  qui 
20  luigat  olus  siccum  muria  vafer  in  caiice  emta,    '' 
Ipse  sacrum  irrorans  patinse  piper.     Hie  bona  dente 
Grandia  magnanimus  peragit  puer.     Utar  ego,  utar, 
Nee  rhombos  ideo  libertis  ponere  lautus, 


iJ- 


Nec  tenuem  solers  turdarum  nosse  salivam. 


/i. 


^• 


aradot  hmu  udmardere,  qui  $alinwn  urvo 
akngnant  eum  sale ;  PUut.  Pers.  II.  iiL 
14  iqq.  tieut  olim  matrem  meam  fieert 
mtmUti,  quit  Imgem**  itiam  inanet  obtig'' 
nabat,  fudicertntur  iiiaiici  aliqtue  fuim, 
qttm/urtim  oient  exsiceat4t;  Cic.  £p.  xvi. 
26.  He  might  alio  ipply  hit  nose  to  as- 
certain whether  it  was  evaporating.  PR, 
cf.  Jvv.  xiv.  126  sqq,  notes.  K, 

18.  <  The  alar,  "  That  beams,  ascen- 
dant, on  tha  natal  hour/'  G.  produces 
twins  of  widely  difierent  characters.'  LU. 
Cottm"  gmtdtt  muu,  tvo  prognatui  todtm 
pmgmis ;  Hor.  II  8.  i.  26  sq.  It  was  im- 
powibla  br  two  persons  to  be  more  unlike 
than  Commodos  and  Antoninus,  the 
twin  aona  of  the  emperor  Marcus ;  who, 
aeoonling  to  the  preaictioos  of  the  astro- 
logcfs,  were  to  be  in  all  respects  alike : 
linpr.  ef.  Ocll.  itv.  1.  PR.  Prop.  IV. 
I B9.  (VU.  BU.)  K. 

HwrwttBpt;  on  the  prosopopoeia,  cf. 
Quint.  Inat.  viiL  5.  JT. 

VaroL€.vmH0;  LU.iw.  12.  PR. 

19.  Produeu;  Jut.  vi.  241,  note. 
KatmiUmii  Juv.  xi.  83  sqq,  notes.  M. 

V.  151.  note.  K, 

2p»  Every  word  in  this  description  is 
exprasBve  of  meanness. 

Timgat ;  Hor.  II  S.  ii.  60  sqq.  olut;  ib. 
i.  74.  Jut.  x.78  sq.  nceum,  opposed  to 
timetwm,  9.  16.  wturia '  the  brine  m  which 
tunny  was  pickled;'  t.  183.  Mart.  XIII. 
ciii.  Plin.  niL  8.  and  though  thb  pickle 
was  ao  cheap,  he  merely  bought  a  little 
of  it « IB  a  cop.'  LU.  PR.  M.  K. 

31.  /psf,  not  trusting  his  servant : 
merum  '  preserved  most  religiously  ;* 
Hor.  I  S.  i.  71  sq.  II  S.  iii.  110.  '  as 
thovgh  it  were  sacrilege  to  waste  one 
gnin.'  cf.  Mart.  XIII.  liii.  LU.  PR.  K. 

DmU  pertgU  *  eats  his  way  through.' 
Jut.  zi.  88  sq.  Hor.  II  8.  iii.  206  soq. 
I  En.  IV.  37  sqq.  K.  The  story  of  tlic 
pradigal  runs  gaily  off  the  tongue  in 
oactTls,  and  is  despatched  almost  as 
quicUy  as  his  patrimony  was.  G. 

3 


22.  M«ignanim%Uf  cf.  Arist.  Eth.  iii. 
6. 

Puer ;  not  in  age,  but  in  character. 
CAS.  Hor.  I  S.  ii.    16  sq.  K.    r%  H^n 

AkXm  Itk  ri  nmra  «•«/•#  ^tir  Arist.  Eth. 
i.  3. 

Utar:  as  Persius  here  twice  declares 
his  determination  to  use  his  goods; 
so,  in  the  two  following  lines,  he  twice 
declares  his  resolution  not  to  sbuse 
them. 

23.  Rhomba;  Jut.  zt  121.  iv.  39, 
note.  Plin.  ix.  20.  num  esuriem  faUidis 
omnia  prater  fiavcnem  rhombumquef 
Hor.  I  S.  ii.  116  sq.  II  S.  ii.  48  sq.  PR. 
Ep.  vL  49  sq.  K. 

Libertis;  Juv.  v.  28,  note.  Petr.  38. 
(H.)  K. 

Lautus;  Juv.  xiv.  267.  A',  i  fimvm&rte 

Iv    yk^    r§7f    /UK^ut    rSt    imrmfn/itiren 

ftiXsg'      Jev    i^«M#ra#     ymfutUit    Irm^- 
Arist.  Eth.  iv.  2. 

24.  The  feminine  turdarum  is  here 
used  by  catachresis;  VS.  perhaps 
because  the  hen-thrushes  were  considered 
the  more  delicious.  JVf.  For  the  cogno- 
scenti of  Italy  *<  sapevano  dire  gustando  Ii 
tordi,  s*erano  domestici  o  pur  ulvofigi,  e 
se  maichi  b  pur  femine.*'  STE.  Thtee 
birds  were  accounted  such  groat  deli- 
cacies by  the  Romans,  that  they  had 
particular  buildings  attached  to  their 
nouses  for  breeding  and  fattening  them 
for  the  Uble.  G.  ci  Plin.  x.24.  Ath.  ii. 
24.  obeso  nil  melius  turdo ;  Hor.  I  Ep. 
XV.  41  sq.  II  S.  V.  10.  I  S.  v.  72.  inter 
aves  turdus,  ti  quis  mejudice  eertet ;  inter 
quadrupeds  gloria  prima  lepta ;  Mart 
XIII.  xcii.  fi.  PR.  K.  Juniper  berries 
were  an  important  article  in  their  fowl. 
LU. 

Sativum  *  the  flavour.'  I'S.  Varro  L. 
L.  viii.  Plin.  xziii.  Methymneei  grata 
saliva  meri;  Prop.  IV.  viii.  38.  PR. 

M 


/• ... 


.  ■». 


450  THE  SATIRES  sat.  vi. 

25  Messe  tenus  propria  vive :  et  granaria  (fas  est) 
'  •  ■  ^  ^ .       '  V '   Emole.  Quid  metuas  ?  Occa,  et  seges  altera  in  herba  est 
'<n  :  ^ .  •      <<  Ast  vocat  officium :  trabe  rupta,  Brutda  saza 

•  '^^^teidlit  amicus  inops  remque  omDem  surdaque  vota 

'  Condidit  lomo :  jaeet  ipse  in  litore  et  una 
80  Ingentes  de  puppe  dei  jamque  obvia  mergis 
,       Costa  ratis  lacerse."     Nunc  et  de  cespite  vivo 
^^^"^  Ti     ,         Frange  aliquid;  largire  inopi,  ne  pictus  oberret 
i^  iMff         Cserulea  in  tabula.     Sed  coenam  funeris  heres 
I  Negliget  iratus,  quod  rem  curtaveris :  umae  / 

35  Ossa  inodora  dabit,  sen  spirent  einnama  surdum    A  ^^    yr  /* 
/  /        * X      Sen  ceraso  peccent  casise,  nescire  paratus.  iM*-^*^ 

^        25. '  Harvest'  is  here  put  for '  iDCome.'    crop  growing  on  it.'  M.  cf ;  Ov.  M.  iv. 
LU,  aOOsq.  IT. 

26.  Quid  metnai$  St  Matthew  vi.  34.        32.  Cf.  Juv.  ziv.  302,  note.  PR. 

M.  /    33.  '  But  perhaps  you  will  object  &c.* 

Occa;  '  cultivate  your  land.*  M.  Ov.  I M. 
F.  iv.  645.  A'.  Cacnam  JunerU.  cf.  Vir^.  JE.,  vi.  222 

"  First  the  blade,  then  the  ear,  then  sqq.  Apul.  Flor.  4  s  19.  Cic  Leg.  ii.  63. 
the  full  corn  in  the  ear;"  St  Mark  Juv.  v.  85,  note.  S.  Aug.  Senn.  zv. 
iv.  28.  itf.  cf.  Ov.  Her.  xvii.  263.  (H.)  Plin.  x.  10.  Ath.  viii.  7.  A,  Hi.  7.  PR. 
K,  KI,  vi.  5  sq.  Luc.  Cont  22.  t.  L  p.  519. 

27.  By  '  the  Bruttian  rocks'  is  here    K, 

meant  the  rugged  southern  coast  of  Italy  34.  A^ec  mtluam  quid  de  vm  judktt 

to  the  westward  uf  the  Straits  of  Messina,  heresy  quod  non  plura   datit  inveiurit ; 

K.  Hor.  II  £p.  ii.  191  sq.  PR.  I  £p.  v.  13 

28.  Pren$antemqut  uncis  manibut  sq.  II  Od.  ziv.  25  sqq.  K. 

capita  ardua  mantis;  Virg.  iE.  vi.  360.  Curtavtri*  ref en  to  frangt  aliquid ;  92. 

CAS,  Horn.  Od.  E  426  sqq.  K,  K. 

Surdut  is  sometimes  taken  in  a  passive  35.  Cf.  Plin.  zili.  1 — 3.  Jut.  it.  109, 

sense,  '  unheard;*  LU.  as  cscui  is  for  note.    Dionys.  H.  ii.    Prop.  II.  z.  20 

•  unseen.'  sqq.  IV.  vii.  32.   Tib.   III.  ii.  17.  L 

30.  The  tutelary  gods  were  placed  at  iii.  7  sqq.  (HK.)  S.  Hier.  to  Pann. 
the  stern :  these  the  pious  merchant  had  Calp.  iv.  19.  Ov.  Tr.  III.  iii.  89.  PIL 
by  his  exertions  rescued  from  the  wreck.  K. 

T.  cf.  Virg.  iC.  z.  171.  Hor.  1  Od.  ziv.  Cinnama;  Plin.  xii.  19  »  42.  PR.  Id. 

10.  PR.  Petr.  105.  Virg.  JE.  viii.  93.  ziii.  5  2.  Mart  IV.  xiii.  IT. 

V.  60.  Ov.  Tr.  I.  z.  1.  (H.)  ih.  43  sq.  Surdum  is  here  put  for  '  scentless.' 

K.    His  piety  was  rewarded  by  the  pre-  LU,   The  metaphor  is  still  mora  hirA 

servation  of  his  life,  when  ail  else  perished,  in  the  following  line :  firvida  quod  tmhtiU 

Mergis;   Plin.  z.  32  &c.   PR.  Hor.  exiurdant  vina palatum i  Hot.  II  S.  viii. 

Ep.  z.  21  sq.  K.  38.  PR. 

31 .  Coita  ;  Virg.  JE,  ii.  16.  PR.  The  36.  '  Or  the  casia  be  adulterated  with 
wreck,  probably,  might  be  thrown  up  on  cherry  bark.'  LU,  cf.  Plin.  xii.  9.  etrasi 
the  shore  :  its  ribs  would  hold  together,  ante  victoriam  Mithridaticam  L.  LuculU, 
long  after  the  planks  had  started.  nonfaere  in  Italia  ad  urbis  annum  dclzxx; 

Nunc  8^c.  Aware  that  the  miser's  ex-  ii  primum  V4xit  e  Ponto:  anniiquM  cxz 

cuse  is  a  mere  pretext  for  indulging  his  trans  oceanum  in  Britanniam  usque  ptT' 

avaricious  propensities,  Persius  sharply  venere;  /d.  xv.  25.  PR.    This  adultera- 

answers  *  In  that  case,  sell  a  little  of  tion  would  be  easily  detected  by  any  one 

your  land.'  G.   LU.  'Land,  with  the  who  made  use  of  his  senses. /if. 


SAT.  VI.  OF  PERSIUS.  451 

"  Tune  bona  incolumis  minuas?"  ;  Sed  Bestius  urget     *  . 
Doctores  Graios :  "  Ita  fit,  postquam  sapere  Urbi        M^^    ^ 
Cum  pipere  et  palmis  venit  nostrum  hoc  maris  expers,  1-%  Jt>  ^ 
40  Foenisecae  crasso  vitiarunt  unguine  pultes."7    jWBT^-*-* 
Hsec  cinere  ulterior  metuas  ?>/At  tu,  meus  heres 
Quisquis  eris,  paullum  a  turba  seductior  audi : — 

O  bone,  num  ignoras  ?  missa  est  a  Cffisare  laurus 
Insignem  ob  eladem  Grermanse  pubis  et  aris 

•  ■ 

Castff ;  u.  64.  PHo.  H.  N.  ziu  19  «  39.  Cf.  Juv.  iii.  83.  PR. 

43.  PR.  Virg.  G.  ii.  466.  {VO,)  5.4,  p.  Palmu;  Plin.  xiii.  4.  LU. 

919  ioq.  ThMMph.  H.  PI.  ix.  5.  Mart.  X«  Mam  eiptrt  *  void  of  manliness.'  cf.  i. 

zcrii.  XT.  Iv.  Stat  S.  II.  L  160.  Claud.  103.    In  Horace  the  phrase  has  a  dif- 

Phoen.  79  sqq.  (BU.)  Or.  M.  xv.  397  ferent  meaning ; 'manmactured  at  home;' 

sqq.  A'.  II  S.  viii.  15.  CAS,  v,  4.  M. 

'  Hairing  made  up  his  mind  [a'«^i«'-  40.  Cf.  Juv.  xi.  79  sq.  PR. 

jHasr/«fivf'  Arist.  PI.  77.]  to  wiok  at  it  Crasso  unguine:  cf.  Hor.  A.  P.  375. 


•V*' 


and  be  utterly  ignorant.'  PR,  The  worse  K. 

the  spices,  the  less  the  cost.  M,  Pultes:  Ath.  xiv.  15  sq.  (^CAS.)  PR. 

37.  This  is  the  petulant  remonstrance  Juv.  xi.  58,  note. 

of  the  indignant  heir:  *  What?  Do  you  41.  7iM(tui  is  dismissed  without  cere- 
dare  to  impair  your  property  during  your  mony :  the  poet  deigns  not  to  notice  his 
life-time,  instead  of  hoarding  it  for  your  impertinent  interruption,  but,  after  hastily 
heirs  to  spend  1'  CAS.  or  *  If  you  are  concluding  the  speech  which  had  been 
wasteful  during  your  life,  you  shall  smart  broken  off,  drops  the  subject  and  turns 
for  it  now  you  are  dead.*  incolumis  '  with  to  a  new  speaker.  G. 
impunity.'  K,  DN.  Cinere  ulterior  *  beyond  the  grave.'  Af. 
'I1ie  poet  has  shown  no  great  adroit-  At  tu,  6^c.  cf.  Hor.  II  Ep.  ii.  190  sqq. 
nesB  in  allowing  this  third  speaker(  Bestius)  i^. 

to  break  in  rudely  upon  the  dialogue,  42.  Seductior :  cf.  v.  96.  PR.  ii.  4.  K, 

when  he  might,  with  better  effect,  have  43.  '  By  Caligula.'  LU,    This  was 

put  all  that  was  about  to  be  said  into  the  when  Persius  was  about  seven  years  old ; 

mouth  of  his  opponent.  C.  This  illiterate  it  might  have  made  an  impression  upon 

follow,  (Hor.  I  £p.  XV.  37  sq.)  however,  his  memory,  because  such   exhibitions 

'  commences  an  attack  on  the  philoso-  were  then  rare.  G. 

phers'  as  having  caused  all  the  mischief  Laurus  for  laureata  ejtistola.  LU.  Plin. 

by  inculcating  the  doctrine  of  liberality  xv.  30.  Liv.  v.  Amm.  xv.  Mart.  VII. 

and  other  expensive  habits.  PR.  The  iv.  sq.  vii.  A,  i.  27.  PR,  KN,  p.  223. 

many  corruptions  introduced  at  Rome,  DN.  Ov.  Am.  I.  xi.  25.  Juv.  iv.  149, 

after    the  conquest  of  Greece,  brought  note.  G.  and  vi.  205,  note. 

the  natives  of  that  country  into  great  44.  Dnisus  ae  Nero  et  Germunieus  in 

odium  with  the  sterner  Romans.    In  the  suis  eos  (i.  e.  Germanos)  sedibus  j>ercule- 

indiscriminate  antipathy  towards  all  that  runt,  post  ingetites  C,  Ccesaris  minee  in 

was  Grecian,  philosophy  and  letters  were  ludibrium  versee.  iude  otium,  donee  oeca- 

oflen  involved,  cf.  Juv.  vi.  16.  291  sqq.  sionediscordiee  nostra  etciviliumarmorum, 

iii.  60  sqq.  xv.  110  sqq.  K.  expugnatis  legionumhil)emi*,etiam  Gallia* 

38.  '  Thus  'tis!  since  this  emasculate  affectavere,  ac  rursus  pnlsi  iwie,  proiimis 
wisdom  of  ours  came  to  Rome  with  dates  temporibus  triumphati  magis  quam  vieti 
and  spices,  our  very  haymakers  have  be-  sunt ;  Tac.  G.  37.  K.  Thb  mock  expe- 
come  luxurious,  and  learnt  to  vitiate  their  dition  was  altogether  a  most  contemptiole 
homely  pottase  with  gross  unguents.'  affair:  cf.  Saet.  43 — 49.  PR.  and  the 
G.  cf.  Lact.  iii.  16.  PR.  tiiumph,  or  rather  ovation,  was  also  a 

Sapere  nostrnm    for    sapientia  nostra,  very  poor  thing,  notwithstanding  all  the 

]sU.  i.  9,  note.  PR.  sapere  is  an  arobigu-  parade   which    this   deplorable   maniac 

oos  word.  K,  made  aboutit.  G. 


452 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  TI. 


45  Frigidus  excutitur  cinis :  ac  jam  postibua 

Jam  cblamydea  regum,  jam  lutea^usapa  captia 
E^ig^aque  ingentesque  local  Caeionia  Rhenos. 
Dis  igitur  Genioque  ducis  centum  paria  ob  res 
Egregie  gestas  induco.     Quia  Tetat?  aude  !  o         7    ' 

50  Vae  I  nisi  connives  !  oleum  artocreasgne  popello  />^iA/^  ^♦^ 
Larsdor.    An  prohibes  ?  die  dare  !  **  Non  adeo,**  inquis. 


45.  Frigidui  is  a  •arcattic  allusioo  to 
the  rarity  of  these  rejoicings.  LU, 

MuUaque  prattrea  ioeris  in  postUms 
arma,  eaptivi  pendent  eurrus  mrvaque 
secures  et  critiee  eapilum  et  partarum 
ingentia  claustra  $piculaqne  eltfpeiqne  erep- 
taque  rnstra  eariuit;  Virg.  M.  vii.  183 
sqq.  iigna  noitro  restituit  Jovi  derepta 
Partharum  superbis  pottibus'f  Hor.  IV 
Od.  XT.  6  sqq.  PR,  cf.  Claud,  xxiv.  67 
sqq.  Prop.  UI.  vu.  26.  (BK.)  BU, 
Anih.  L.  t  i.  p.  206  sq.  K, 

46.  Cf.  il.  ▼.  18.  Virg.  iE.  ▼iii.  688. 
M.  Hor.  11  Od.  aii.  12  sqq.  Prop.  II.  i. 
33  sqq.  K. 

Gausapa:  cf.  Mart.  XIV.  xxvii.  cxIt. 
cxxxviii.  cUi.  PR.  Here  it  is  to  be 
taken  in  the  same  sense  as  in  iv.  37.  for 
'  false  hair.*  cf.  Jov.  xiii.  164  sqq.  vi. 
120.  They  had  also  the  art  of  turning 
the  hair  '  red :'  cf.  Plin.  H.  N.  xxviii.  12. 
Mart.  VIII.  xxxiii.  20.  XIV.  xxvi.  K. 
Oy.  Am.  I.  xiy.  45  sq.  A.  A.  iii.  163  sqq. 

47.  Eueda  ;  Virg.  G.  iii.  204.  (HK.) 
Ca!s.  B.  G.  \r  sq.  PR.  Prop.  II.  i.  85. 
(Br/.)  IT. 

Locat  '  engages  with  contractors  to 
supply  these  materials  of  the  triumph ;' 
CAS,  as,  in  fact*  there  were  no  captives 
and  no  spoils.  K, 

Caumia ;  Juv.  vi.  616,  note.  Joseph.*A, 
J.  xix.  PR,  In  thus  labouring  to  swell 
her  consort's  triumph,  the  empress  was 
taking  the  surest  means  to  secure  his 
attachment  and  to  rule  in  his  name.  O. 

'PffMi*  tffH  irm^$i»$vv  r^  'Pnvqf  r^ 
ifrafAtjf  ita)  ««'*  uvr»»  ««X«v/kim4*  Steph. 
conver$us  hinc  ad  curam  triumphi,  prater 
captivoi  et  tramfugas  barharos,  Gallorvm 
quoque  procerissimum  quemque  et,  ut  ipte 
dicebat,  il^#^(i«^j^vr«r,  ac  nonmdlot  et 
princijnbui  legit  ac  teposuit  ad  pompam 
coegitque  non  tantum  rutilare  et  iubmittere 
comam  ted  et  sermonem  Germanicunt 
addiscere  et  nomina  barbaricaferre;  Suet. 
Cal.  47.  CAS.  Dio  lix.  p.  659,  E. 
Domitian  was   guilty  of    a   like   folly: 


inerat  anueientia,  deriiui  fuiut  nuper 
fobum  9  Germania  triumjAmm,  emtu  per 
eommerHa,  quierum  hahitug  H  crinet  m 
eaptiverum  speeUm  firwiarmUur ;  Tac. 
Ag.  39.  K. 

48.  Genio  iMCu ;  cf.  ii.  3»  iMile :  dctui 
per  omnes  deoi,  ^auim  per  unum  Geauum 
CeaarU  pejeraiur;  Tert:  eU  SiieU  Cal. 

27.  PR.  Or.  F.  v.  145  sqq.  Plio.  Pan. 
52.  (5Z.)  K. 

Ni  stcfecmtmtt  gladiatarum  dar^  eaUmm 
damnati  pepulo  porta  eUque  epuium ;  Hor. 
II  S.  iii.  85  sq.  PR.  cf.  Suet.  Claud.  34. 

28.  Juv.  iii.  36,  note.  Mart.  III.  xvi. 
K,  Such  an  exhibition  was  hardly  within 
the  means  of  any  prirate  person ;  there- 
fore this  most  be  looked  upon  aa  a  thieat 
to  his  heir,  that  he  would  do  just  as  he 
pleased  with  his  estate.  M. 

49.  "  Who  blames — ^who  Tentnres  to 
control  me  1  You  t  Woe  to  your  fntore 
prospects,  if  you  do!"  G. 

50.  He  threatens  to '  give  a  laigess  to  the 
people.'  These  gratoitieswere  seldom  gircB 
except  by  the  emperors,  or  in  hoooor  of 
them,  congiarium  pcpulo  numerum 
treetntfrum  ter  dedit,  attiue  inter  tp§ctmntU 
muneritUargissimum epuium:  eeptimumtiaU 
tacro  quidem  mnatui  eqtntique  pmmarm, 
plebei  tpartulit  eum  optanio  Ju(nfritfif» 
inUium  vesctndi  primta  ftcUi  disfM 
proximo  offifM  genut  rerum  mtMt/ia  eparmi : 
^c.  Suet.  Dora.  4.  adjecU  tpulmm  me 
vitcerationem  et  pott  Hispanitnttm  rie- 
tariam  duo  prandia ;  Css.  38.  PK.  ct  AD, 
prodigi  epulis  9t  viteeraiiimibHS,  luderum 
venatuumqu4  apparatu  pecunia$  prefwm^ 
dunt ;  Cic.  Off.  iu  16.  PM,  cf.  CA%  p. 
92  sq.  V.  177,  note. 

'  Oil ;'  Suet.  Css.  38.  Ner.  12.  Tac. 
A.  xiv.  47.  K. 
*  Meat-pies.'  Mart.  VIII.  Ixxiz.  K, 

51.  '  What  are  you  muttering  about? 
speak  out!'  LU. 

'  Not  exactly  so.'  The  avaricioas 
heir  is  afraid  to  give  a  straight-forward 
answer.   Persius  is  offended  at  thu.  It^B. 


SAT.  VI.  OF  PERSIUS.  453 

Exoesatus  ager  juxta  est     Age,  si  mihi  nulla      ^  r*        t 
J(l  .  Jam  reliquaex  amitis,  patruelis  nulla,  proneptis      Oa*^,^^U    \  jt* 
^jut^   Nulla  xnanet  patrui,  sterilis  matertera  vixit,       0(^^U  \   ^d  /V 
1.    55  Deque  avia  nihilum  superest»  aceedo  Bovillas  ^ 

Clivumque  ab  Virbi;  prsesto  est  mihi  Manius  heres. 
•    V  .*f(Progenies  terrse  ?'    Quaere  ex  me,  quis  mihi  quartus 
Sit  pater;  haUd  promte,  dicam  tamen.  Adde  etiam  unum, 
Unum  etiam :  Terrae  est  jam  filius  et  mihi  ritu 
60  Manius  hie  generis  prope  major  avunculus  exit. 

Qui  prior  es,  cur  me  in  decursu  lampada  poscis  ? 

52.  '  Suppose  ray  estate  so  reduced,  xgMii  vel  ex  innpinato  apparentes  d€  ectlo 

that  I  have  out  a  single  field  in  the  oat-  supervenire  dieuntur,   sicut   Terrs  fiUot 

akuti  of  the  city,  and  that  field  worn  out  vulgui  voeat,  quorum  genus  ineertum  est : 

h^  constant  cropping ;  I  shall  have  little  gigantesque  hoc  rtuione  Terra  jilii  ap- 

difficultY,  I  appreh«]id,  in  findin|  some  pellantur;  Tert.  Apol.  Rll,  zi.  28.  PH. 

one  to  dfo  me  the  favour  of  standing  my  60.  '  If  one  of  mv  grandsires  is  a  son 

heir,  even  should  yon  decline  to  honour  of  earth  and  Manins  has  the  same  mother, 

me.'  CAS.  he  must  be  a  distant  uncle  of  mine.*  cf. 

Exo$»atus  literally '  deprived  of  bones :'  Juv.  viii.  272  sqq.  note«.  K, 

PlaoL  Aroph.  I.  L  163.  PR.  Ter.  Ad.  61.   Qui  prior  es.     From  this  it  ap- 

III.  rv.  14.  Af.  cf.  Juv.  viii.  90.  CAS,  pearK  that  Persius*s  heir  was  more  ad- 

Juxta :  being '  near  town,*  it  would  be  vanced  in  life  than  the  poet  himself ;  he 

the  last  field  parted  with.  CAS.  therefore  did  wrong  in  asking  for  *  the 

63.  Cf.  Ha,  a.  R.  iil  2.  5  so.  K.  torch'  at  all,  as  well  as  in  a&kiog  for  it 

55.  BoviUa  (t.  e.  bovis  villas  VS.)  was  before  Persius  had  completed  his  course, 
a  poor  village  about  eleven  miles  from  PR.  <  You  are  in  full  hcralth,  and  have 
Rome,  in  the  Appian  road,  near  Arida.  every  prospect  of  outstripping  me  in  the 
PR.  LU,  Prop.  IV.  i.  33.  {BK.)  K,  career  of  life ;  do  not  then  prematurely 
MarL  II.  vt.  15.  take  from  me  the  chance  of  extending  my 

56.  '  The  hill  of  Ftrfriia*  was  four  days  a  little :  do  not  call  for  my  torch 
miles  from  the  city,  on  the  same  road,  before  I  have  given  up  the  race,'  nor 
near  the  grove  of  Diana,  where  Hippo-  snatch  (in  the  beautiful  language  of 
Ivtus  was  worshipped  as  a  hero  under  Shakspeare)  **  at  half  an  hour  of  my 
the  name  of  Virbius.  cf.  Virg.  i£.  vii.  frail  life."  Our  author's  pathetic  ez- 
761 — 782  {HY,  exc.)  VS.  Ov.  F.  iii.  postulation  conveys  the  conviction  of  his 
vi«  M.  zv.  543.  This  road  was  notorious  own  mind,  that  the  fatal  termination  of 
for  the  swarms  of  beggars  that  infested  the  contest  was  inevitable  and  not  very 
it:  Juv.  iv.  117,  note.  PH.  remote.  G. 

llie  original   Mnnius  is  said  to  have  Lampada.    This  is  an  allusion  to  the 

consecrated  the  grove  to  Diana;  Festus.  torch -races  at  Athens.  VS.  Plat.  Leg.  vi. 

His  descendants  were  very  numerous  and  A*,    r^  ^t  k^trnt  ^iyy^s  X^^vm^im/^imv 

▼try  poor.  T.  PR.  IwmXXnXMt  }imi»x'^f   leix^****  ytfmnrmi 

57.  Cf.  Juv.  iv.  98,  note.  PR.  Petr.  »W^-  Philo.  CAS.  Varr.  R.  R.  iii.  16, 
43.  K.  9.  in  paUestra  qui  tadas  ardeutes  aeeipit, 

*  Inquire  into  my  pedigree,  and  you  eeUrior  est  in  cursu  continuo,  quam  tile 

will  find  that  this  Manius  is  no  very  dis>  qui  tradit : ,  .  .  propterea  quod  defatigat%u 

tant  relation  of  mine.'  PR.  cursor  dat  integro  facem ;  Cic.  Heren.  4. 

59.  Terra  fdius.  Empedocles  and  some  Lucr.  ii.  77  sq.    According  to  Suidas, 

other  philosophers  held  that  all  men  ori-  there  were  three  festivals  of  this  kind, 

ginally  sprung  from   earth  :    from  this  the  Panathensan,  the  Hcphcstian,  and 

notion  perhaps  arose  the  nominal  defini-  the  Promethean.    In  the  latter  they  ran 

tion,  ft om o—^ui  fx  A u mo.  cf.  Cic.  Att.  from  the    altar  of  Prometheus   in  the 

dietui  Saturnus  Terra  CizUque  filius,  quia  Academe   to   the  city.    A,   v.    8.   PR. 


454 


THE  SATIRES 


SAT.  VI. 


Sum  tibi  Mercurius :  venio  deus  hue  ego,  ut  ille 
"  Pifigitur.     An  renuis?  vin  tu  gaudere  relictis  ? 
/    ^<<  t)eQst  aliqiairi  suminae/'  Minui  mihi :  sed  tibi  totum  est, 
(>5  Quidquid  id  est.     Ubi   sit,  fuge  quiereMy--qiied'  mihi 

quoadam  ^\ 

;    Legarat  Stadius ;  neu  dicta  repone  paterna, —         -   ^\^ 
^  Feneris  accedat  merces ;  bine  eximfiil^intus  !'  i^  ^^ 

"  Quid  reliquum   est  ?"      Reliquum  ?  nunc,   nunc  im- 

pensius  unge, 
Unge,  puer,  caules.     Mihi  festa  luce  coquatur 
/   4^..U^  70  Urtica  et  fissa  fumosum  sinciput  aure. 


r   •  ^ 
\         > 


through  the  Ceramicus.  The  candidate 
who  ran  the  course  without  extiD|[ui8hiDg 
the  torch,  which  he  carried  in  hu  hand, 
claimed  the  victory.  "MIT,  According 
to  Pausanias,  i.  30.  the  competitors  were 
limited  to  three,  cf.  Her.  vi.  105,  and 
viii.  98,  notes.  "  Sw  it  toir,je  mt  laisiai 
entrainei'  ^  VAcaddmiet  pour  voir  la  course 
du  flambeau.  La  carridre  n*a  que  six  ^ 
sept  stades  de  longueur,  Elle  i'^tefid  depuis 
I'autel  de  Promtthie,  qui  eat  d  la  parte  de 
ce  jardiiif  jusq*aux  murt  de  la  ville, 
Plusieurs  jennes  gent  sont  placii,  daiu  eet 
intervalle,  i  de$  distances  ^gales,  Quand 
les  oris  de  la  multitude  ont  donni  U  signal, 
le  premier  allume  le  flambeau  sur  I'autel, 
et  le  parte  en  courant  au  second,  qui  le 
transmet,  de  la  mime  maniiret  au  troisiime, 
et  ainsi  suceessivement.  Ceux  qui  le 
lament  icteindre,  ne  peuvent  plus  coti' 
courir,  Ceux  oui  ralentissent  leur  marche, 
sont  livr^s  aux  railleries  et  mime  au 
coups  de  la  pirpulace,  II  faut,  pour 
remporter  le  prix,  avoir  parcouru  Ut 
diffcrentes  stations.  Cette  esp^ce  de  combat 
se  renouvela  plusieurs  fois»  11  se  divcrsi/ie 
snivant  la  nature  desfites;'*  Barth^lemy, 
V.  du  J.  A.  c.  xxiT.  The  wags  in  the 
Ceramicus  were  very  liberal  of  their  prac- 
tical jokes  towards  any  poor  wight  who  en- 
gaged in  the  race  without  due  qualifica- 
tions both  of  wind  and  limb :  Iwa^avavfnf 
Tlava^nvetiai^t  ytXif,  trt  iii  jifo^vt 
\(i(»X.''f  ^■]  MMtirit  rif  tin  itv^at,  Xtunoff 
ViAff,  vw«Xu90fi.S90f,  not  Suva  V9tZlt  tit^f 
cl  Kt^afAfit  iv  TBuet  Tvkatf  vaitv^  airtiu 
yuffri^a.  ^Xiu^atf,Xayi*tift^uyw  iii  rwr- 
T0fitf0{  ratfi  vXartmts.  ^u^if  rnv  Xafura^, 
ipvyif  Arist.  U.  1087  sqq.  cf.  1085. 
129—133.  V.  1203.  Plat.  Hep.  i.  p.  4. 
62.  •  Mercury*    (ii.   44,    note,)  was 


*  painted*  with  a  full  pune  in  his  band. 
LU,  Suid.  Macr.  PA.  <  Do  not  look 
upon  my  estate  as  necessarily  derohring 
upon  you,  bat  rather  regard  me  as  tfai 
god  of  gain,  holding  out  to  yon  nnlooked 
for  and  fortuitous  advantages :'  alluding 
still  to  his  declining  health,  which  afforded 
au  unexpected  chance  to  the  heir ;  who 
was  evidently  his  senior.  G. 

63.  An  magit  excors  re;ecia  prada, 
quam  prcesens  Mercurius  fen ',  Hor.  II 
S.  iii.  67  sq.  PR. 

*  To  accept  with  thankfulness  whatever 
I  may  leave,  be  it  more  or  less.'  PR, 

64.  '  Whatever  I  subtract  is  taken 
from  my  estate,  not  from  yonrs:  the 
property  which  1 1  e  a  v  e,  will  be  y o  a  r  s ; 
of  this  you  will  have  the  whole.*  PR, 

65.  '  You  have  no  right  to  call  me  to 
account  for  the  items  of  my  expenditure, 
and  to  enquire  what  became  of  this  and 
that  legacy.'  LU, 

Fuge  quarere;  Hor.  I  Od.  ix.  13. 

66.  *  Repeat.'  PR. 

Paterna;  cf.  Juv.  xiv.   119  sqq.  PR, 

*  Which  fathers  are  wont  to  inculcate.' 
CAS. 

67.  "  Live  on  the  interest  of  your 
fortune."  G.  VS.  cf.  Hor.  I  S.  ii.  14.  iii. 
88.  K. 

Hinc  t.  e,  *  and  not  on  the  principal.' 
VS. 

68.  Nunc  ^c.  Hor.  II  S.  iii.  125.  PR. 
ii.  61.  K. 

69.  '  Am  I  to  stint  myself  of  comforts, 
that  your  scapegrace  of  d  son  may  revel 
in  luxuries?*  CAS. 

Cf.  Juv.  xiv.  136.  Hor.  I  Ep.  v.  12 
sqq.  PR. 

70.  Urtica:  cf.  Plin.  xvi.  24.  Cat. 
xliv.  15.  PR. 


SAT.  VI.  OF  PERSIUS.  455 

Ut  tuus  iste  nepos  olim  satur  anseris  extis, 

Quum  morosa  vago  singultiet  inguine  vena,   ^loJl^  «/^ 

Patriciae  immejat  vulvae  ?    Mihi  trama  figurag  \{/^  {    i  .!^* )    •^ 

Sit  reliqua,  ast  illi  tremat  omento  popa  venter  r    v  /    .  K     /.*/* 

^C  ^^      Vende  animam  lucro;  mereare  atque  excute  solers.^^.     j 

0  '        Omne  latus  mundi :  ne  sit  prsestantior  alter      ,    a       ;' , ''         . 

^3       ilappadocas  rigida  pingues  plausisse  catasta :         v,    *" 

(kAti    Rem  duplicaT    ^  Feci :  jam  triplex,  jam  mihi  quarto, 

* 

'  A  pig't  cheek  or  chopper.'  Ath.  ix.  paunch  from  side  to  side."  G. 

8.  Plin.  PA.  Juv.  ziii.  85.  M.  id.  xi.  82  ^opa^  which  is  here  an  epithet  of  t«Mf«r, 

sq,  note.  K.  is  properly  a  substantive,  signifying  '  the 

71.  JVifpof,  an  equivoque.  JAJ,  minister  who  slew  the  victims.'    These 

Afktgru\  Jav.  v.  114,  note.  PjR.  Petr.  priests  generally  grew  fat  from  the  ample 

137.  (H.)  X.  share  of  the  sacrifices  which  fell  to  their 

72. '  That,  when  his  wayward  humour  lot.  LIT.  M. 

(Hor.  I  S.  ii  33.)  is  cloyed  with  the  75.  '  Pawn  thy  very  soul  for  lucre.* 

roTiBg  (Prop.  I.  V.  7.)  wanton,  he  may  DAT.     Persius  now   turns  again  to  the 

oormpt  some  patrician  dame,'  by  means  miser.  M.  cf.  Juv.  viii.  192.  if. 

of  my  gold.  CaS.  K.  Mereare;  cf.  v.  134  sqq.  PR.  Juv.  xiv. 

73.  raudoniut  dum  vuU  describere,  pri-  275  sqq.  K, 

mum  fuemadmodum  alia  torqueantur  Jila,  76.  Latui  mundi;  Hor.  I  Od.  xxii.  19. 

aiia  ex  molU  wlutoque  ducantur,  deinde  77.  Maneipiii  loeuples  eget  itru  Cappa- 

quemadmodum   tela   tuepensis  ponderibue  docum  rex;  Hor.  1  £p.  vi.  39.  Cappa- 

rectum  it  amen    extendat,  quemadmodum  doom  modo  abreptum  de  grege  venalium 

tubiemen   [i.  e.  »{«»ii]    intertum,   quod  dieeret;  Cic.  post  Red.  A,  li.  27.  PR. 

dnritiam  utrimque  camprimetttit  tramae  Luc.  Asin.  t.  ii.  p.  604.  Mart.  VI.  Ixxvii. 

remolUat,  spatha  eoire  cogatur  et  jungi:  4.  Petr.  29.  63.  Juv.  vii.  15,  note;  K. 

Uxtrieum    quoque    attem    a    sapientWus  and  i.  104,  note. 

dixit  inventam;  Sen.  £p.  90.  r^i^ns  Plautisse,    The  slave-merchants  used 

luXt/it09ni  «7;^«Mwi  »^/mi«*     Eur.  Aut.  '  to  slap   with   their   open  hands'    the 

fr.  iii.   12.    The  '  warp'  (stamen)  was  slaves   tney  offered   for  sale,   to   show 

well  twisted,  the  '  woor  (tubtemett)  was  purchasers  the  good  condition  they  were 

left  loose,  to  enable  the  fuller  to  give  m.  CAS,  T. 

the  cloth  the  requisite   softness.  CAS,  The  eatasta  was  a  kind  of  moveable 

[In  the  contest  between  Minerva  and  machine,  in  which  the  slaves  were  ranged 

Aracbne,  graeili  gemiiuu  intendunt  stami*  on  different  platforms  according  to  their 

me  teias,   tela  jugo   vineta  est :    stamen  age  or  stature.     It  appears  to  have  been 

teeemit  arundo :  inseritur  medium  radiis  appropriated  to  the  more  select  and  valu- 

ndftemen  aeutiti    quod  digiti  expediunt,  ahie  ones :  inspexit  molles pueros,  oculisque 

aiqtu  inter  stamina  ductumpercuisofiriunt  comedit  non  hot  quos  prima   prostituere 

inseeti  peetine  dentes ;  Ov.  M.  vi.  54  sqq.  easis,  ud  quos  arcantB  servant  tabulata 

cf.  Lucr.  ▼.  1352.]  While  the  cloth  is  eatastis,  et   quos  iion  populus,   nee  mea 

fresh  and  has  the  nap  on,  the  threads  do  turba  videt;  Mart.  IX.  Ix.    This  is  said 

not  appear,  but  when  it  loses  the  nap,  it  of  Mamurra,  (cf.  Juv.  vii.  133,  note,) 

becomes  what  we  call  thread-bare.  M.  who  would  never  have  condescended  to 

cf.  SV,  on  ^.  iii.  483.  K,    Metaphore  look  at  common  ware.  From  the  epithets 

hardie,ettoutefoisparfaitementetacte.  La  rigida  and  arcana ,  it  may  be  surmised 

f  rame  est  lajil  que  la  navette  entrelaee  a  that  the  catasta  was  secured  by  some  kind 

diversei  reprises  dans  la  chaine ;  e*est  la  of  screen  or  lattice-work ;  especially  as 

premier  tissu  de  la  toils,    Lorsque  la  toile  the  slaves  were  stripped  for  inspection. 

est  %u6e,  la  trame  paroit.  RL.     It  here  cf.  Juv.  i.  Ill,  note;  Prop.  IV.  v.  51  sq. 

means  a  person  whose  bones  may  be  seen  Plin.  xxxv.  17  sq.  Claud,  xviii.  35  sq. 

through  hisskin.  DN.  SueL  111.  Gr.  13.  CAS,  G,  PR,  K.  [c/, 

74.  "  That  he  may  strut  with   more  on  Livy  xxviii,  21,  g.  ED,'} 

than  priestly  pride,  And  swag  his  portly        78.  Mille  talenta  rotundentur,  toiidem 


456 


THE  SATIRES  OF  PERSIUS.        sat.  vi. 


Jam  decies  redit  in  rugam.     Depunge,  ubi  sistam." 
80  Inventus,  Chrysippe,  tui  finitor  aoervi. 


altera:  porro  tertia  tueeedantf  tt  qua  pan 
quadret  aeervum ;  Hor.  I  £p.  vi.  34  8q. 
CAS,  cf.  Ill  Od.  xziv.  59  sqq.  Juv.  zir. 
139  sqq.  323  sqq.  Claud.  IIL  183  sqq. 
196  sqo.  PR.  K. 

79.  This  it  a  meUphor  taken  fron 
folds  in  a  gannaDt,  which  are  numerous 
in  proportion  to  the  quantity  of  the  stuff. 
Hence  thd  expressions  duplicare,  muUi- 
plieare,  ^c.  LU.  Af.  Ov.  A.  A.  iii.  454. 
K,  Juv.  xiv.  229. 

Depunge:  the  metaphor  is  taken  from 
the  grraduated  arm  of  the  steelyard :  cf. 
▼.  100.  CAS,  or  from  a  master  marking 
the  place  to  which  his  pupil  was  to  learn. 
GE. 

80.  '  Should  1  assign  this  point,  in  me 
would  be  found  the  person  who  could  also 
assign  a  limit  to  the  heap  of  Chrysippus ; 
who  could  also  affirm  with  precision 
how  many  grains  of  com  just  constitute 


a  heap,  so  that  bat  one  giain  being 
taken  away,  the  remainder  would  be  no 
heap.'  rtroiR  natura  nuUam  nMi  dtiHt 
cegFtkionem  finium,  «U  uUa  i»  re  ttatttert 
poidmua  quatenut:  nee  hoe  in  aeerve 
tritiei  teium,  nnde  nemen  ett,  nd  nalU 
omnino  in  re  minutaiim  inUrraganti:  difo, 
pauper^  darus,  i^eurus  «tlt  nmUa, 
pauea^  ptagna,  parval  Umga,  brevia^ 
lata,  angtata^  qyanto  aut  addito  aut 
demto  eertum  quod  reMpondeamm,  non 
habemue;  Cic  Ac.  Q.  II.  zzviii  sq.  92. 
CAS.  Hor.  II  Ep.  i.  36—49.  (GE.) 
PR.  Laert.  ii.  108.  (MEN.)  cf.  Ariit. 
PI.  134  sqq.  K. 

Chrygippiu:  v.  64.  LU,  Laert.  Tii. 
Cic.  N.  D.  i.  PR,  Of  the  seven  hundred 
and  fifty  books  which  he  wrote,  not  one 
is  extant.  G. 

With  the  conclusion  of  this  Satire, 
compare  that  of  Juv.  xiv.  CAS, 


VERBAL    INDEX 


TO 


JUVENAL'S    SATIRES. 


The  foraier  narober  indicates  the  Satire ;  the  latter  numbers  tell  the  Lines. 


A  1,  14  36  99.  3,57  71 
89  106  202  321.  4,  3 
116.  6,44  91  109.  6, 
26  35  69  130  233  263 
285  376  503  528  554. 
7,70  164  196.    8,  131. 

9,  115  140.  10,  1  29 
72  126  131  171  247. 
11,  23  42  51  89  146 
147  160.  12,  14  58. 
13,  30  36  110  122  149 
158  170  231.  14,  14 
170.  15,  SO  72  143 
146.    16.  17  &c 

ab  1,  49.  2,  81.  3,  109. 
4,  130.  5. 125  135  155. 
6,    327    347.     8,    273. 

10,  253  270.  11,  26 
113.  18,28130.  16,25 

abaci  3,  204 
abditas  6,  237 
abdomioe  2,  86.  4,  107 
abeant  14,  149 
abast  6,  294 
abeont  1. 132.  6,  312 
abit  6.  128 
abi  14, 213 
abidt  15,  17 
abies  3,  255 
ablegands  14,  202 
ablaet  6,  523 
abnego  13, 94 
abonat  6,  540 
abDuerit 15, 104 
abolU  4, 76 
abollae3,  115 
abortivifl2,  32 
aborthro  6,  368 
abrcptmn  13,  178 


abrupU  6,  649 
abrupto  14,  250 
abrampere2,  116 
abscondente  6,  120 
abscond^re  12,  18 
abscondit  8,  203,  9,  33 
absent!  1.  123 
absit  4,  130.     16,  25 
absolvitur  13,  3 
absorbait  6,  126 
abstineas  14,  38 
abstinet  6,  535.     11,  171. 

15.11 
absUnuit  14,  99.  15.  173 
abstuleris  6,  330 
abstulit  4,  19  151.    8,  242. 

10,  286 
absumpto  15,  91 
abundat  2,  8 
ac  1 ,  65  98.    2,  34  43  72, 

&c. 
accedenta  11,85 
aocepU6, 113 
acceptse  13,186 
acceptissima  3,  58 
Rccepto  13.  129 
Accf  6,  70 
accidit  12,  29 
accipe  3,  187  295.    4,  65. 

7,  36  165  243.     13, 120. 

14,191.     15,31 
accipere  10,  295 
accipiat  1, 42  55.  7,  147 
accipient  2,  83 
accipies  1,  99 
accipiet  8,  88 
accipiniua9,  31 
acdpis  6, 76 
accipit  3,  103.    6,  472 
accipiunt  3,  133.     10,  229. 

12.88 

3n 


accusare  3.  54 

accusat  6,  243 

accusator  1,  161 

accQsatori  13, 187 

accuset  2,  27 

acer  2,  77.    7,  190 

acerbi  7,  57 

acerbo  14,  18  54 

acerbum  11,  44 

Acersecomes  8,  128 

acervo  6.  364.     13,  10 

acervos  8.  100.     13,  57 

Acestes  7,  235 

acetoS,  292.    10,  153.    13, 

85 
Acheae  3,  61 
Achillem  10,  256 
Achilles  1,  163.  7,210.  8, 

271.   14,214 
AchillUll,30 
acies  9,  65,  15,  60 
Aciiius  4,94 
Acoenonoettts  7, 218 
aconita  1.158.   6,639.    8, 

219.  10,25 
acquirenda  14,  223 
icquirendi  14,  115  125 
acquirere  14,  238 
acre  6,  109 
acres  11,  165 
acri  13,216 
acribus  14,  322 
acrior  7,  109.  15,  62 
acris  10,  252 
acu  2,  136.  7,  104 
ActiacA2,  109 
Actoris  2,  100 
actonidi  9,  84 
actum  6,  58.    10,  155.    14, 

149 
acu  2,  94.  6.  498 


45» 


VERBAL  INDEX 


acuroen  4, 102 

Bculk  5,  89 

acatot  5,  41 

ad    1,  41   44  57  90  104 

&c. 
ad  fummam  3,  79 
adamas  6,  156 
addat  1,118  147 
adde  12,  46 

addequodl4,114.  15,47 
addit  13.  82 
additur  10,  151 
ademit  16,  37 
adeo  3,  274.    6,  50  59.    8, 

183.    10,297.    11,131. 

12,36.   13,59  183.    14, 

234 
adeoque  8,  183 
adest  4, 107.  5,  63.  6,  220. 

10,  254.     12,  67 
adhibere  5,  16 
adbibet  2,  135 
adhuc  3.  HI  315.    4,  10. 

6,  128  192  227  501.    7, 

196.  8,36.  10,  ll6.   12, 

15.  13,41.  15,35 
adipata  6,  631 
adjuta  6,  506 
adjutor  3,  322 
adjuvat  12,  42 
admlrabiie  4,  39 
adroirabilis  13,  53 
admirandisque  10,  1 1 
admirari  7,  31 
admiratio  6.  646 
admiserit  10,  255 
admisit  6,  494 
admissa  4,  64 
adinittas  10.340 
admitte  6,  329 
admittentia  5,  69.  7,  65 
admittere  14,  217 
admittimuK  3,  171 
adroittltU  1,  21 
adroittuDt  3,  235.  13,237 
admota  10,  149 
admotaque  6,  497 
adinoto  8,  82 
admotum  6,  427 
admoveas  2,  148.  14,  12 
adinovet  10,  329 
adnotet  14,  195 
adnuet  8,  153 
adnuilS,  318 
adoperta  8,  145 
adora  6,  47 
adorands  13,  148 
adorant  14,  97 
adorat  3,  300.  6,  322.    15, 

2 
adoratum  10,  62 


Adnaci  4,  39 
adsceodit  1,  82 
adsecula  9,  48 
adsediise  11,2(X) 
adsidua  14,  118 
adsidae  9.  36.  13,  172 
adsiduis  5,  95.    6,248.    8, 

243 
adsiduo  1,  13.    8,  169 
adsiduos  3,  8 
adsint  9,  40 
adspecti4,  143 
adspectu  6,  461 
adspersus  5,  104 
adspexit  15,  7 1 
adspice  2,  166.    5,  80.    6, 

261.     10,  193  209.     12, 

61.     13.76.     14,275 
adspicere  7,  68 
adspiceres  15,  56 
adspiciat  14,  69 
adspicieodui  10,  241 
adspicimus  15,  169 
adstringit  8«  148 
adsaeti  15,  167 
adsum  1,  102 
adsunt  11,  71 
adsurrexerat  13,  55 
adtendas  10,251.  11,  16 
adtcndit  6,  66 
adteritur  16,  50 
adtigerant  8,  252 
adtmit  14,  106 
adtoltatque  14^236 
adtollens  2,  95 
adlollit  14,  95 
adtoDitas  4,  77.    6,  316.   7, 

67 
adtonitamque  11,  197 
adtonitis  8.  239 
adtonito  15,  13 
adlonitos  4, 146.   13.  194 
adtonitas  12,21.  14,306 
adtritA  13,  242 
adtritus  6,  108.     8,  16 
adtulit  3,  75 
advectoe,  9,  23 
advectus  3,  83 
adventum  6,  518 
adversis  10,  129.     12,  53. 

13,  156 
adversum  5,  77 
advpxisse  14,271 
adulandi  3,  86 
adulator  4,  116 
adultas  15,  138 
adulter  1.78.  2.29.  3,45. 

4.4.  6,237  329  404  567. 

8.144.    9.80.     10.311 

318 
adultera  14.  25 


adulterium  11, 175 
aiWocat  6,  236 
advolat  6, 236 
adhi  13,  205 
JBacidce  8.  370 
Abacas  1, 10 
aKie3.  139.    7,37 
0dem3,31.  6,528.  14,9C 
cdes3,223.    4,7.    7,40 

10.17 
edicttla  8,  1 1 1 
cdi6care  10,  264.  15,  153 
ndificat  6,  503 
a»lificator  14,  86 
i£dUibua3.162  179 
i£dilia  10,  102 
;£gei  13.  81  346 
eger3,232.   4,3.   12,12 
SBgra  6.  579 
egram  12.  95 
acgri  9,  16.     10. 207.    13 

124 
iegru  4,  57.  13,  334 
sgro  7,  53.     9,  18 
sgros  10,331 
sgrotante  6,  389 
iBgypti  6,  527 
iEgyptius  1. 130 
if!:gyptus  15.3  45  116 
itlia  6.  72 
ifimilianos  8.  3 
iBmilio  7.  124 
i¥:mi!itts  6,  32 
ffitDula  11,  74 
aedea  3,  285 
^nes  15,  6t 
i£neam  1.  162 
i¥:ne^s  5,  139 
aeneu8  7,  125.  13,  115 
snigmata  8.  50 
aeno8,  86.  15.81 
iSoliis  1,  8 
JEoVio  10.  181 
ajqua  4,  71.  8,  177 
2Bquaie8  3,  177 
squanda  14,314 
ttquantem  4,  16 
square  14,257 
squat  3,  88.  6, 323 
sqoo  13. 11 
equor 1.  81 

equora  12, 75.  14,  279 
asquore  4,  54.  8,  61 
squos  14,  15 
squus  16.  56 
aer  6.  99.     12.  42 
aera  6.  306.  13.  169 
aere  10,  50 
lera  6.  125   442.     7,  21* 

16,55 
crata  14,  259 


xre  3,   118   163.    6.  23f 
&46.  9,  133.    11,39 

area  11.96 

Kri*  7,  61 

Brn^iN  13,  61 

vniaiDs  3,  310 

i.'iumn»,  10,361 

BttibiH  4,  8T 

ntivi  U,  lai 

otivnm  1,38.     14,396 

nlnitS,  60.    10. 16S 

Btao3,Tl.  3,  103 

clu  S.  61.  6,  33.    7,  33 
8,  171.   13,  26 
ti6.  499.  14,  161.   16, 


109 

.£ibiopem  3. 33.  ft,  33 
fibiopb  6.  000 
fihiapum  10,  130 
iii  4.  94 
cm  e,  315.   10.  366.   13, 

53.  16,  33 
■ffari  14,311 
afltclare  3.  106 
■fleclu  11,33 
■ffectti  10,  309 
aflectibiB  13,  10 
■flcctnS,  161 
■ffecliu6,314.  IS,  ISO 
■ffcnt  14,  196 
aff^rimiu  13,  56 
kffeire  4,  85 
iffeniS,  144 
■ffcn  6,  168 
>flert6,6I0.  7,315.  9,91. 

14.18 
•Sotu,  6,  418 
tAcrtor  6,  B7 
>ecil7,  86 
■fficioQtS.  36B.  14,34 
iffigitS.  149 
■SnMt6,68 
iffixa  10.  133 
■ew  5.  to 
Afne  I  r,  143 
Aftini,  149.  10, 14B 
AftiiS,  158 
AfhHum  7,  130 
Arid  8,  130 
again  ^,  67 
AnmcainKui  14,  386 
A|{aLncinnunidie  t).  316 
Aganippe)  T,  6 
agani  1,9.  6,403 
aguS,  71.   3,391.  4.  14. 

6.70 
AnlknM  16,  136 
■gatiu4.66.  6,395  500 
AganiD  7.  87 
age  14, 193 


TO  JUVENAL. 

ascbal7.  143  144 

agello  6.  07.  8.  109 

ogendi  16.  49 

agendli  14,  73 

■gCDiem  13,  33 

agtr  9, 56 

ageie  9,  43 

«g«reDl  4,  49 

agerentur  6.  336 

ageresB,  1S6 

aggere  5.  153.   6,  688.   8. 

43 
■ggerii  16,  36 
agill  2,  143 
■gimiul,  51.  7,  48 
agil  3,  94,  305.  5,  157.  13, 

110.   IS,  163 
BBiUntS,  31.  7.  168 
i|;iUie  10,  33 
■gilai  14,  68 


albaque  13,  117 
«llMc3,  179.  13,  141 
AlbaDa  4.  100 
.'\lbauiT  4,  45 
AlbaDi  13,314 
AIb.>nii  5,  33 


agitent  5,  69 
agiliDtqne  6.  475 
agitur  4,  36.  6,  659.  13, 
38.  15,97 

afEmioa  3,  258.  16.  5S 
agniae    3,    163   344.    10, 

318  380 
agmiDii  10,46 
agDie,  393.  8,  IS.  13,63 
agnam  13.  3 
BgDiiua  1 ,  99 
axnutLludns  S,  306 
annosci  6,  468 
agnoKit  10, 234 
AiuMca  8.36 
agnnm  3.  133 
agrwiem  13,  39 
agri3.  HI.  14.159  173 
AgHpps.  6.  ISB 
'     ■      in.6,630 


AleiiDder  14.311 
AIgs  4,  48 
ilgrnlem  7,  183 
Blgel  1,  74 
alias.  368.  16.35 
a1i&6,  437.  7,  114  183 
aliie  6.  67 

aliim  6.  S3.    6.  604.  14. 
■Ji'il.  15.1" 


Agrippinai  6,  63C 
agriia,  79.   14,5 


agrorum  11,41 

agrot  3,   333.    4,  37.     14, 

ISl 
agruDi  6,  53S.  9,  45 
aguDI  1 , 85 
Ajai  7,  1 1S.   10.  84.  14, 

313.  15,66 
alt  3.  33.   4,  131.  6.  18. 

9,0 
Alabaodii  3,  TO 
alapaiS,  192 
alai  3,  35.   II,  1S7.    14. 


almmque4.   :3)j 

3}liii  3,  315.    13,  40.    14, 

354.  15,57 
alieaa  13,34.  16.  103  142 
alianas,  181.  6,3 
alien i  6,  478 
aljvnii  10. '229 
alie(iuB,2l6 
ilienuni  3.  105.  6.31 
alii  3.  66.  3,  46.  7,  6  166 
ali>i11,59 
alimntii  16,  93 
alio  8.  37  64.  10,  19T 
aliorum  8,  76 
alio!  6,  340.  7,213.  8,61. 

11,  177 
alioaquc  10,  160 
aliptM  3,  76.  6.  433 
aliqua  6,  16 
aliq<unl3,ll0 
atiquaado  3,  184.  6,  360. 

9.38 
aliquKiD  4.  136.  6,330.11, 

303.  IS.  170 
aliquid1.73.  3,3  83  149. 

3.34  180  217  230  297. 

4,  147.  S,  33  167.  7,24 

220.   8,  41   68  363.   9, 

139.    10  207   354.    14. 

203  333.  16,92 
aliquii       74.   3.   120.    6, 

587633.     1,86.  13,49. 

14.31  134.  IS,  34&C. 
a)i(|uo8,  173 
atiquod  13.  37 
alii  10.  178 


400 


VERBAL  INDEX 


aliter3,28l.  6,  U  619.  7, 

220 
aliud4,78.  6.23.  7,199.  12, 
24.  I4,32llwicff.  15,154 
alittm  9.  92 
aliunde  7,  22 
alius  1,  10.  6.  67.  8,  178 

245.    10,  257.    12,  48. 

13.90 
AUediu8  5.  118 
Allobroga7,214 
Allobrogicis  8, 13 
alnum  3,  266 
aloes  6,  181 
Alpemque  10, 162 
Alpes  10, 166 
Alpibus  13.  162 
Alpha  14.  209 
aha  4,  131.  6.431.  14.88 
alt^  3.  69  136 
altai6.  31 
altaqne  8.  131 
a]Una8,156.12.94.  13,89 
altaribusl2.  119 
alte  3«  256 
alter  3,  132149246.  4,11. 

6,  427.  7,  95.  9.  66  146. 

10,2830. 11,63  fwi>*.  12. 

115.  13.72.  14.33  62 
altera  3,  255.  6«   148  440 

495.  7,  16.  9,  133.  14. 

141  170  309.  15,  73 
alterius6.  17  341.  10,210. 

11,167.  14.131.  15,39 
altemaque  6,  268 
alternum  12,  31 
alti  6,  385  415.  7,  125 
alUlU5,  115  168 
altior  6,  492.   10,  106.  13, 

173 
altis6,  607.  8,106.  10,36 
altisonill,  179 
alto  8,  40.  14.  185 
altos  10,  150  176 
altum  1.  16.  6,502  634 
alveolis  5,  88 
alveolos  7,  73 
alveus  12.  30 
alumni  11,98 
alumnos  6,  609 
alumnus  1,20.  14,247 
aWo  5.  7 
alut4  14.  282 
aluts  7.  192 
amans  3,  228 
aroaot  6,  112 
amanti  6.  208 
amaotis  6,  209 
amara  13.  247 
aroaras  2.  30 
ainat  6,  253  608.  10,  320 


amatae  2, 241 
amati3,  186 
amator  2,  168 
amatorem  6,  548 
aroatur  6,  143 
amaturus  6,  201 
amaverit  10,  220 
amavi  10, 68 
ambs  10, 328 
ambigus  8,  80 
ambit  16,  48 
ambitio  8,  135 
arabitiosa  3,  182 
ambitioti  7,  50 
ambo  2, 153.  9,  66 
ambos  10,  227 
ambrosiusque  6,  77 
ambulat  6,  305 
amens  14.  94 
ames  6,  62.  7,  9 
amet  6,  404.  12,  130 
amethysUna  7.  136 
ametur  6,  75.  12,  130 
arnicas  1 ,  62.  3,  12.  4,  30. 

6,  455.  7,  82 
amicas  6,  353,  481 
amici  1.  33.    3,  I  87  101 
112.   4,  88.   6,  346.   8, 
152.  9.62.  10.234.  12, 
16.  14.65.  15,134 
amicis  1,  146.  5,  108  113 

146 
amicitia  6.  558 
amicitiae  4,  75.  5,  14 
amico  3.  57.  5, 32  173.  7, 

74.  12,  96.  14,  235 
amicos  6,  313  510.  10,  46. 

16,28 
amictu  2,  82 
amictus  1,  142 
amicum  3.  116121279.  5, 

140 
amicus  2,  134.  3,  107.  5, 
134.  6, 214.  9,  130.  13. 
15  60 
amis&a  13,  134 
amnera  6.  522 
aranes  10.  177 
amoibus  8,  170 
amnis  13.  69 
amoeni  3,  4 

amomo  4,  108.  8,  159 
amor  14,  139  238 
amore  4,  114 
amorem  6,  275.  14,  227 
Amphion  6, 174 
ampla  12,  10 
amplectitur  10,  141 
amplexu  6,  65.  9,  75 
ampIior6.  629.  14, 171 
amplius5,  148.  6,119 


AmydoDe  3,  09 
an  2,  121.  6,  61  75  473. 
7,  141    142.  9,  43.  10. 
100.  11.34(i0i«t.l3.  18 
153  203.     14,   18  265. 
15,89 
aDDoo  1, 154 
aoabathra  7,  46 
ADchemoli  7,  235 
Anchiss  7, 234 
Anci  5,  57 
aocilibus  2, 126 
aiicill&6,ll9.  8,259 
ancillarum  12,  117 
ancillas  6,  320 
ancipitem  11,32 
ancipitet  5,  146 
aucipiti  14,  272 
AncoD  4,  40 
I4e«9,37 
Andre  3,  70 
Andromacheo  6,  503 
auguem  1 ,  43 
anguilla  5,  103 
anguis  14,241 
aogulus  6,  579.   13.  74 
angusU  3,  165.  6,  357 
angustft  10,  93 
angustae9.  127.   10,  117 
angustam  3.  90 
angusto  10.  169 
angustos  6,  78 
angustum  12,  55 
anheles  6,  37 
animi  1,  83 
animae  2,  156.  3,  261.  6. 

501.  8.  254.  10,  163 
animal  1,  141 
aniroalia  8,  56.  12,  2.   14, 

76.  15.  99 
animalibus  15,  11  178 
aoimam  6.  631  654.  8,  83. 

10,281.  12,67 
animas  4,  152.  6,  629.  9. 

122.  14.  16.    15,  94  149 
animi  4,  91.  6,  190  613.8. 

24  140.  9,   18.  10,240. 

13,190.  14,119 
animis  2.  139.  15.  52 
animisque  12,  83 
animo  1,  152  169.  6,180. 

11,  15.     13.  196.     14, 

329 
animorum  10,  350 
animot  1,  89.   6,  286.   7, 

34  85.  14,33 
animum  2.  12.  6,  97.  10. 

357.  13,106.  14,15  265. 

15,  149 
animus  3.50.  6.  207.  7,  57 
annalibu8  2,  102 


TO  JUVENAL. 


461 


aooe  A,  78.  7,   179  199. 

10,  207.  15,  122 
aoni  11 .  72.  13.  88 
uinis3,2d2.  10,239.    13, 

58 
aDDol,  117.  11»63 
annona  9,  100 

aDDoi  4.  129.  6, 199.  7, 
39  235.  8,  229.  10.  188 
249.  13,  17.  14.  48 

annosam  11,  119 

annua  6,  480.  16, 39 

annulas  7,  140.  10,  166. 
11,43  129 

annum  3,  225.  6, 521 

annus  6, 198.  7,  242.  14, 
10  197.  16,42 

ansere  6,  540 

anseribus,  anient  5, 1 14 

Antcum  3,  89 

ante  1,  169.  2,  44.  3,  111 
243.  4.  40.  6,  56  114 
148.  6,390  417  428  566 
590.  7,  143.  8,  11  22 
61  144  156  228.  9,108. 
10,  191  268  339.  11, 
188  190.  12,  113.  14, 
255  320 

ante  alpha  et  beta  14, 209 

antd,  adverb,  6,  227  632 

antennas  12,  19 

Anticatones  6,  338 

Anticyra  13,  97 

Antigones  8,  229 

Antilochi  10,  253 

Antiochas  3,  98 

Antiphates  14,  20 

antiqua  15,  33 

antique  14,  270 

antiquaria  6,  454 

antiqui  15,  109 

antiquis  1,  138.  6,45.  16, 
15 

antiquisBime  6.  393 

antiquo  6.  529.  7,  72.  10, 
336.  13, 149 

antiquum  6,  21 

antistes2.  113 

Anton)  10,  123 

Antonius  8,  106 

antris  13,  41 

antro  4,  21.  6,  828.  7,  59 

antrum  1,  8 

Anabis  6,  534 

asna  4, 149.  10, 290 

anzietas  13,211 

anxietaie  7,  57 

auxins  10,  80 

Aonidum  7,  59 

aper  5,  116.    II,  138.  15, 
162 


aperire  4,  110.  9,98 

aperit  6,  467 

apert&  6,  392 

apertc  7,  103 

apertius  4,  69 

apertc  6,  18 

apex  12,  72 

A|>icitt8  4,  23.  11,3 

apium  8,  226 

apium  (Jar  apum)  examen 

13,68 
aplustre  10,  136 
Apollo  1,  128.  13,  203 
Apollinis  7,  37 
appellas  7,  158 
appellat  9,  64 
apponere  9, 98 
appotitam  7,  192 
Appula  pnedia  9,  55 
Appula,    proper    name,  6, 

Appulia  4, 27 

apn  5,  167.  16, 162 

apros  1,  141 

apnim  1,  23 

aptam  12,  39 

apti  15,  145 

aptior  6,  581 

aptissima  10.  349 

aptusque  7,  58 

apud  6,  91  395  489.    11, 

137.  15.31 
aquc  3,  19 
aquam  3,  198.  5,  62 
aquarius  6,  332 
aquas  6,  528 
aquilam  14,  197 
aquilas  8,  52 
Aquilone  Decembri  9,  68 
Aquino  3,  319 
aquis  11,  63 
ara  2,  89 

ar48,  13.  15,115 
Arabarches  1, 130 
arabat  14,  160 
Arachne  2,  56 
arae  12,  7 
araeque  13,  37 
araro   1,   44.    6,  307  390. 

10,  83  268 
aramque  14,  219 
aranea  14.  61 
aras  1,114.  3.  145.  6,344. 

12,  112.  13,219 
aratris  2,  74 
aratro  7,  49.   8,  246.   10, 

270.  13.65.  14,181 
arbiter  8.  79 
arbitrio  13.  177 
arbor  3,  16 
arbore  11,117.  14,80 


arboribus  12.  105 

arboris  6.  545.  12.  32 

arbusta  14.  144 

area  10,  25 

arc&1.90.    3,  143  181.  6. 

363.  11,26.  14,269 
Arcadico  7,  160 
arc*  13,  74 
arcana  2,  61.  13,  73 
arcanft  15.  141 
arcanam  6.  543 
arcane  2,  125.  14,  102 
arcanum  9,  116 
arce  3,  192.    10.  307.    14, 

87.  15,146 
arcem  4, 145 
arcessere  11,  17 
archetypes  2.  7 
Archigene  13,  98 
Archigenen  6,  236.  14, 252 
archiroagiri  9,  109 
arcto  3,  236 
arcu  10, 136 
arcum  6,  174 
arcusd,  11.  13,  82 
ardeatl,45.  6.209 
ardebant  6,  618 
ardebit3,201.  10,27 
ardent  1,  165.  6,129.  II, 

6  155.  13. 14 
ardent  1,  156.  6,  189.  14, 

309 
ardente  14.  118 
ardentem  10. 253 
ardenti  2,  165.  3,  234.   14. 
22.  15,  81 

ardentibus  12,  22.  15,  52 

ardentis  10,  130 

arderet  4,  139 

ardet  2,  70.  3. 215.  6, 142. 
9,  96. 10.  62.  15,  35 

ardor  6.  317 

arena  3,  5S 

arena  1,157.  4, 100. 8,206. 
14.  299.  16.  6  47 

arena  3,  34.  6,  217  251 

arenam  2.  144 

aretaloguff  1 5.  16 

argentea  6.  24  538 

argenteus  11.  128 

argenti  3,  220.  6,  355.  8, 
123.  9.  111.  10.  19.  11, 
41  108 

argento  12,  49 

argentum  1.  76.  7.  133.  9, 
31.  12,  43.  14,  62  291 

argillam  4.  134 

arguerint  1 ,  105 

arguit  13,  138 

arguitur  7, 150 

argumenta  9, 85 


102 


VERBAL  INDEX 


Aricinos  4,  117 

arida  6,  144^  U.  61 

aristae  U.  183 

arista  s  14,  147 

Arisitoteleoi  2»  6 

arnia  2,   159.   8.  124  232 

270.  10,  2«T.  14.  S.  15, 

121.  16,48 
armamentaria  13,  83 
armaria  7,  11 
armati  16, 34 
armatis  6,  1 54 
arroato  3,  306 
armatum  2,  101 
Armenioe  8,  169 
Armeoio  6,  407 
Armenius  2,  164.  6,  550 
armenti  8,  109 
armcDtum  12,  lOd 
armigero  1,  92 
Armillato  4,  53 
armis4,  93.  6,  264  292.  8, 

52   200   221.     11,    106. 

13,  168.  15.  155 
Arpinas  8.  237  245 
arridens  6,  606 
Artaxati2,  170 
arte   1,   123.   6.  499.    10, 

110.    11,    172.    12,  67. 

14,34 
artem  6,  452.  f .  177 
artcs4,  101.  6.595.  7,36. 

8,  224.  11,  100 
aitibus  3,  21.  14,  73.  15, 

145 
artificem  14,  116 
artiSces  13, 154 
arUficis  4.  18.  10,  238 
artificum  11,102 
artis  6,  560 
artocopi  5,  72 
Artonus  3,  29 
artua  15  101 
arva  6,  410 
Arviragus  4,  127 
arundinifi  10.  21 
asclias  6.  469 
aselli  11.97 
asello  6,  334 
asellum  9.  92 
A^iae  5,  56 
Aaiam  10|  266 
Asiani  7,  14 
Asianorum  3,218 
aftparagi  1 1 ,  69 
aiparaj^ift  5,  82 
aspera  14.  62 
aspernatur  4,  4 
assce  14.  208 
Assaiaci  10.  259 
asse  10,  116 


assem  14,  301 

asseroque  5.  144 

a&sere,  noun  3,  245.  7,  132 

assibus  11.  115 

Assyrio  2,  108 

ast  3,  69.   6.  67.   7,  166. 

8.  46.  15,  78  165.    16, 

48 
Astrsea  6,  19 
astro  6,  570..  10,  313 
astrologus  6.  554 
astrorum  3.  43,  6,  586 
Asiurii  3,  212 
Asyli  6,  267 
asylo  8,  273 
at  1,  50.   3,  IM  246  964. 

4,  120.   6.  363  659L   8» 

53  181  267.  9,  27   135. 

10.   127  352.    11,   120. 

13,  180.  14,  189 
atavos  3,  312 
Aiellana  6,  71 
Athens  7,  205.  10, 127 
Athenas  15,  110 
Athenis  3,  80.  9,  101 
athletis  6,  356 
Athos  10.  174 
Atlanta  8.32.  13,48 
Atlas  11,24 
atque    1.   65   67    115   129 

130    134  144   150  171. 

2.  15  31  38  61  &c. 
Alreus  7,  73 
atri  13,  51. 

atria  7,  7  91.  8,  20.  14,  65 
Atridem  4,  65 
Atrides  6,  660 
atris  5,  91 
atrocem  2,  12 
atrum  6. 350 
attegias  14, 196 
Atticus  11,  1 
avarce  1,  77 
avaritiae  1.  88.  8,  89 
avaritiaro  14.  108 
avari  14,  178 
avaro  6,  141 
avaros  14,  119  228 
avarut  7,  30.  9,  38.    14, 

111 
aucti  15.  73 
auctio  6,  255.  7,  10 
auctor  10.30   11,  48 
auctores  7,  231 
auctori  13,  2 

auctoribus  8,  216.  14,  33 
auctumoi  14,  190 
aucturono  4,  57.  10,  221 
auctumnos'6,  230 
Auctumnum  11,  76 
aucittmnas  5,  151 


audaceft  10,  264 
audacia3,  73.  13,109 
audadui  6.  284 
aud^x  5,  74.    6,  399.   II. 

199 
aude  1,  73.  13,  161 
audeat  16,  9  10  29 
audtbant  6.  645 
audebis  2,  82 
audent2,  2.  5»  131.  6,97. 

13,234 
audeo  1, 153 
audere  15, 122 
auderet  4,  47 
audes  8,  165 
audet  10, 175  305.  12,  4«. 

15,74 
audi  3,   115.   6,  115  220. 

11,64.  12,24 
audiat?,  166.  11,169 
aiuHet  9,  108.  14,  280 
audio  6, 346.  10,  81 
avdiret  2,  74 
audis  13,  113 
audit  6,  481.   7,  108.   8, 

191.  13.  158 
audita  11,  112.  14,  200 
auditor  1,  1  166 
auditor  7,  86 
avelli  3,  223 
avem  7,  32 
Aventini  3,  85 
aversus  6.  476 
averte  11,  181 
aves  14,  82 
Aufidio  9,  25 
augere  3,  189 
augur  3,  77.  6,  585 
Augusta  6,  118 
Augusto  3,  9 
Augustum  10,  77 
aviam  3,  112 
avis  6, 165.  11,143 
aviti  16,  36 

aulfi  4,  93.   5, 138.  6.  486 
aulsa  6,  67.    10,  39.    14, 

263 
avos6. 163.  8,  17 
aura  12,  66 
auraia  10.  212 
auratam  6,  48 
auratis  6,  123 
aurato  6.  594 
auratum  2,  96 
aurel,  104.    4^86.  11.59 
aurea3, 108.  8,207.  15,4 
Aurelia  5,  98 
aurem  3.  122.    5.  107.   6, 

543.  9,  113.  11.  195 
auicmque  II.  187 
aures  10,  341 


TO  JUVENAL. 


463 


aureus  7,  122 

auri  8.  123 

•unbtts6,  459.  11,  169 

auriculis  8,  5 

anris  10,  215 

auro  6, 205.  7, 89.  10, 27. 
11,116 

Auroram  10,  2 

anrum  1,  10  28.  3,55.  6, 
39  164.  6,  482  589.  7, 
243.  12, 129.  14,  298 

Aorunce  1,  20 

Aurunci  2,  100 

aasa6.  117 

austt  7,  206 

ami  8,  235 

aospex  10,  336 

Auster  4,  59.  5, 100 

Austri  6,  517 

AuUris  12y  69 

Austro  14,268 

ausos  1,129.  6,345.  11, 
67 

aut  1,5  4453  tt0te»  164.  2, 
52  97110.  d,  99^10.  190 
191  tv.  192  295  (IP.  7, 
233  (w.  8,  174  tw.  275 
Iw.  14,  255  tw.  &C. 

aatemS,  209.  6,181.  7, 
217.8,119.  10,295314. 
11,90.  13,20  196.  14, 
83  5cc. 

AutomedoD  1,  61 

Autonoes  6,  72 

mMt  9, 37 

avunculus  6,  615.  14,  43 

avas  1,  95.    8,143 

auxtlns  8,  256 

auxilio  14.  183 

auxilium  15, 150 

axe  1,60.     14,42 

axtm  6,  470 

axes  4,  117 

axis  3,  258.  8.  116 


B. 

Baca  3,  85 

bacchamoT  6,  636 

Bacchanalia  2,  3 

Bsccfa)  7.  12 

bacilh)  S,  28 

baculo  9,  140 

Bcticus  12,  42 

Baians  12,  80 

Baiarum  3,  4 

Baias  11,49 

baUena  10.  14 

balaotem  13,  233 

baliMa  1,  143.  6,375  419. 


7,  131  178  233.   11,156 

204 
balneohini  7,  4 
baltea9,  112 
balteus  6. 255.  16,  48 
Baptfi  2,  92 
barba  1,  25.  10,  226 
barb4  8,  166.  9,4.  16,31 
barbs  6,  367 
barbamS,  186.  6,215.  10, 

253.  14,216 
barbara  3,  66.  15,  46 
barbaniR  6,  158.     10,  138 

181 
barbato  4,  103.   6, 16.  IS, 

56 
barbatos  14,  12 
bardaicus  16,  13 
Baream  3,  1 16 
Bareas7,  91 
bascaudas  12,  46 
basia  4,118.  6,384 
Basilo  7,  146 
Basilum  7,  147 
Basilus  7,  145.  10,  222 
BaUvi  8,  51 
Bathylio  6,  63 
beaa  6,  204 
beats  1,  39 
beati  14,  120 
beatius  10,  279 
beatum  1,  67 
Bebriaci  2,  106 
Belides  6,  655 
bella  14,  242 
bellator  13,  168 
bellalore  7,  127 
bellatorum  8,  10 
Bellerophonti  10,  325 
belli  2,  103.  12,  110 
bellis5,  31 
bello  8.  169 
Bellona  4, 124 
Bellons  6,  512 
bellorum  2,  156.     10,  133 

281.   14,72 
bellorumque  15,  95 
bellum  6,  164 
belua  4.  121   127.     7,  77. 

10,  158.     11,  126.     12, 

104 
bene  3,  107.    5,  166.     7, 

147  194.  8,  187.  10.  72 
Beneventani  5,  46 
benigna  10,  301.     12.  64. 

14,34 
benign  i  16,  4 
Berenices  6,  156 
beryllo  5,  38 
beta,  i.  f.  a,  14,  209 
bihatll,203 


bibe  5,  130 

bibebant  5,  36 

bibebat  9,  1 17 

biberat  12.  47 

bibendis  7.  58 

bibendum  6.  597 

bibet  5y  33 

bibiraus  9, 128 

bibit  1,  49.  2.  95.   6.  432. 

10.250 
bibitur  6.  304 
Bibul»6,  142 
bibuntur  10,  25 
bidentis  3, 228 
bigarum  10.  59 
bile  13. 143 
bilem5,  159.   6,433.    11, 

185.  15.15 
bilibres  6.  372 
bilisll.  128 
bimerobri  IS,  64 
bina  14,  163 
bipedem  9,  92 
bipennem  6,  657 
bU  5, 164.  6,  137.  14, 324 
bis  centum  13,  72 
Bithyni  7,  15 
Bi  thy  nice  15»  1 
Bithpo  10,  162 
blssis  15,  48 
blanda  6,  135  197 
blandaque  4,  118 
blands  9.  36 
Biande  8.  40 
blandiat  3.  126 
Bocchare  5,  90 
boletam  1 4.  8 
boletus  5,  147.  6,  621 
bombycinus  6,  260 
bona  1,55  59.  5.2.  8.24. 

10,  3  237 
Bonos  Dea}6,  314 
Bonara  2,  86 
boni6.  180.  13,26 
bonis  4.  13.    10.  137.   13, 

155 
bonorum  8, 260 
bonos  8,  92 
bonum  13,  180 
bonus  5.  109.     6.211.     8. 

n  twice.  14,204.  15,14 
Boots  5.  23 
bos  2,  123.  10,268 
bove  14,  286 
bovem  10.  66 
boves5.  119.  14,146 
bovis  13,  155 
bourn  8.  108 
braes  2.  169 
Bracatorum  8.  234 
brachia  2,  II.   4,  89.     6. 


464 


VERBAL  INDEX 


481.  12,76.  13.  15.  15. 

170 
bracteolam  13,  152 
breve  3,  286.    6,  504.    8, 

165 
brevem  14,  217 
breves  6,  289 
brevibusl,73.  11,79.  15. 

128 
brevior  2, 15.  5.  9.  14,  223 
breviorque  6,  505 
brevis  3,  226 
brevissima  9,  127 
breviter  12,  125 
BrigaDtum  14,  196 
Britannica  10,  14 
BritaoDice  6,  124 
Britanoo  4,  126 
BritaDD08  2,  161.  15,  111 
Brttones  15,  124 
Bromium  6, 378 
brum&  9,  67 
brumae  3, 102.  6.  153 
bnimamque  14,  273 
Brute  4,  103 
Bruti  14,  43 
Brutidios  10,  83 
Brutonim  5,  37 
Bruttia  9,  14 
Brutumque  8,  182 
Brutus  14,  43 
bubulcill.151 
bubulco  7,  116 
bucca  6,  516 
buccft3,262.  10,195 
buccae  3,  35.  1 1 .  34 
buccina  7,71.  14,  152 
buccula  10,  134 
buibi  7»  120 
build  13,  33 
bullatus  14,  5 
busta  3,  32 
buzo  14,  194 


C. 

CabalH3,  118 
caballis  10,  60 
caballorum  11»  193 
cachiDni  10,  31 
cachinDo3,  100.  11,  2 
cacoethes  7,  52 
Cacus  5,  125 
cadatl2,  113.13,226 
cadaver  3,  32  260.   15,  87 
cadavera  8,  252.   10,  186. 

15,60 
cadavere  10,  288.  15,83 
cadaveris  14,  78 
cadentem  10,  266 


caderent  7,  70 

caderet  4,  12 

cadet  12,  98.  U.  296 

cadit  2,  80.  6,  440 

caducis  9,  89 

caducum  9, 88 

caduDt  3,  271.  7, 123 

cadurci  7,  221 

cadurco  6, 537 

casc^  10,  351 

csci  12,  51 

cfiecive  6,  265 

coscos  7, 170 

CCCU8  4,  116.  13,  94 

cKde4,I54.  6,48.10,112 

cedentibus  6,  484 

csdere  6,  447.  13,  127 

ccdibus  8,  243 

Caedicio  16,  46 

Csdicius  13,  197 

cffidit  6.  483  484.  7,  213. 

8,  156.  10.  60.  13.  194 
csditur  11,  141 
C£eduDtur  2, 13 
caclataque  11, 103 
cvlati  12,  47 
caelator  9,  145 
cspe  15,  9 
csrula  13,  164 
cstrulea  2,  97 
casrulei  14.  128 
csruleos  1.5,  7 
cocsa  10,  120 
Caesar  4.  135.  8,  171.  14, 

riSO 
Cffisare  7,  1 
Cflesaris4,51.  5,4.6,338. 

10.86  330.  12,  106 
cssariem  13,  165 
ca!si8,217 
CiesdDia  6,  616 
mmie,  195 
Caiets  14,87 
calamos  7,  27.  13,  80 
calathisque  2»  54 
calcas  6,312 
calcatamque  5,  31 
calcem  3,  295 
calcemus  10,  86 
calcent  15,  60 
calceus  1,1 19.3.149.  16,14 
calcibus  1,43 
calcor  3,  248 
calculus  9,  40.   11,  132 
caleudis  9,  53 
caleutem  11,  187 
calentia  11,  70 
Caleoum  1,  69 
calet  6.  149.  10,  218 
calicem  1 ,  57.  5,  47 
calicesd,  168.  11.  145 


calida  6,  369 

calidaque  6,  527 

calidfle  5,  63.  6,  549.  11. 

81.  15,  28 
calidi9,  14 
calidum  6, 121 
caligan^esque  6,  31 
caligas  16,  24 
caligatos  3, 322 
calico  6,  556  613 
callebat  4,  142 
callidus  1,123.  6,422.  12. 

47 
Calliope  4,  34 
calorem  12. 98 
Calpe  14, 279 
caluerant  1 ,  83 
Calvinr  3.  133 
Calvine  13,  5 
calvo  4,  38.  6,  5?3 
Camenas  7,  2 
Caroeois  3,  16 
Camerinos  7, 90 
Camerinus  8,  38 
Camilli  2, 154.  16,  15 
cainiois  10, 61 
camiuo  14. 118 
cainniarns  5.  84 
Campania  10,  283 
campi  2, 132 
caropis  8,  242 
campo  1, 19.  2,  106 
campum  16,  37 
canA  14, 10 
candelse  3,  287 
caodelam  9,  98 
Candida  8,  .30  216.  6,  154 

526.  10,  345.  12. 72 
candiduli  10,  356 
cauebat  15,  26 
canero  6,  418.  15,  8 
canentem  2, 64 
canet.  pro  caoescit,  14,  144 
cam7.  111.  12,32 
canihus  8,  34.  14.  77 
caninid,  11 

cauiDo  10.  271.  14,  64 
eanis  9,  104 
canistris  5,  74 
canities  3,  26.  10,208 
canna  5,  80 

Cannarum  10. 165.  11, 198 
Cannis  2,  155.  7,  163 
Canopi  1.  26 
Caoopo6,  84.  15,46 
canons  7,  18 
canoro  11.  162 
canUbat  7,  211 
Cantaber  15, 108 
canubit  7,  153.  10,  22 
caDtabit|irl1,  178 


TO  JUVENAL. 


465 


a  4.  35 

0,  210 
74.  7. 59 
194.  10. 178 
:2, 118 
.220 

)98 

3,205 
179 
107 
610.  9.  150.  14. 

d6.  150 
11.41.  12.  44 
.  63.  5,  37.   15. 

6 

155 

5,12 

3.  11 

J.  270 

14, 242 

1,55 

)ue  15.  145 

3.580 

126 

>t  SO 

f93.  11,  149.  15. 

490.  16.31 
3.  9.  88 
.43 
,    148.     11.   169 

46  252 
11,127 
49  301.  13,  174. 

1.  15,  23 
93 

10,  65.  14,  91 
im  6.  387 
tS.  145 
5  15.  78 
»78 

68  7.  15 

.  142 
.4,81 
D  10.93 
3,72 

76 

117 
03 
160 
,56 

98 

.98 

6,40 

10,202 

us  12,  114 

,201 


capUvoram  10,  280 

captiviu  10, 136 

capto  8,  109 

captot  7,  84 

captum  5,  162 

caput  1.  126.  3. 33  236.  5. 

172.  6.  17  207  391  503 

524  538  622.  7,  161.  8. 

55.  9.  98   133.   10.  62 

199286.  11.97.  12.49. 

14,  58  194 
cara  9,  100 

carbonelO.  131.  13.116 
career  10,  276.  14,  24 
carcere  1,  73.  3,  314.  5, 

101.    6.  561.    10,   181 

239.  12,  123 
carceris  13,  245 
cardiaco  5.  32 
cardine  4. 63 
careas  3.  56 
carebis  14.  156 
carens  7,  57 
carentem  8,  5.  10,  357.  14. 

69 
caret  1.  59 
CariiDia  2,  69 
carina  2,  109 
carinas  10.  264 
carior  10,  350 
cariturus  6.  39 
carmen  6.  636.  7.  55  82 
carmenque  6. 133 
Carolina  3,  207.  7.28.  11, 

179.  15,  117 
carmine  7.  63 
carne7,  76. 11.85.  14,98. 

15.88 
camem  2,  1 16 
camibus  15. 13 
carnifices  8,  175 
Carpathium  14,  278 
carpentit9,  132 
carpento  8. 147 
Carpophoro  6.  199 
carptores  9,  1 10 
Carrinatis  7,  205 
Carthagine6. 171.  10.277 
caniisse  6.  564.  1 1 .  53 
caruit  10.  287 
camm  5, 140 
carus  3.  53 
Cams  I.  36 
casa  6,  154 
cassB  14,  167 
casibus  13,  86 
Cassandra  10,  262 
casside  10.  134 
cassidis  7.  33 
Cass)  5.  37 
cassis  11,  103 
3o 


castas  6,  287 

castclla  14, 196 

castigabis  14,  54 

castigas  2, 9 

castigat  6,  455.  14.  126 

castigata  2,  35 

casto  10.  324 

castora  12, 34 

Castora  14.  260 

Castore  13.  152 

castra  4.  135.  6,  419  575. 

8,  12  248.  10,  95.  16,  2 
castravit  10, 307 
castris  6,  171 
castrorum  6,  561.   11,  87. 

14,  198.  16, 15 
castroramqae  16,  55 
castum  10,  300 
casu  13,  132 
casulam  II,  153 
casali8  9.61.  14,  179 
casum  1,90.  15,  134 
casurus  1 1,  13 
casus  10,  107.   13,  9.   15, 

95  119 
casus  genit,  3,  273 
casus,  ace,  pL  3,  214.  12, 

17 
catells  6,  654 
catelli  6,  551 
catello9,61 
catena  13,  175 
catenas  3. 309.  14.  23 
catenattt  3.  304 
cathedra  1,  65.  9,  52 
cathedre  7,  203 
cathedras  6,  91 
cathedris  7,  47 
CatiensB  3, 133 
Catilina  2,  27.  8.231.  10. 

288 
Catilinam  14,  41 
Catinensi  8.  16 
catino  11,  109 
catinum  6,  343 
Cato  2, 40 
Catonem  11,  90 
Cattis  4,  147 
Catuli  2,  146 
Catulla  10.  322 
Catullam  2,  49 
Catulli8.  186.  13.  HI 
CatuUo  4. 1 13.  12.  29 
Catullus  12.  37  93 
Catulus  3,  30 
cavat  6,  248 
Cauda  7,  212 
caudft  5.  82 
cavea  14,247 
cavebis  8,  37 
caveo  11,  130 


4G6 


VERBAL  INDEX 


cavet  3,  283.   9,  40.    14, 

274 
cavi  7,  1 1 1 
caulibus  6,  IB 
caulis,  naminaiivet  1,   134. 

5,87 
caupo  9,  108 
caupone  6,  591 
causa  2,  134.  6.  202  242. 

8,  215.    9,  91.    11,  n. 

14,226  290.  16,  19 
causa  14,  105 
causes  7,  155.  13.  109.  14, 

173 
causam  1 1 ,  32 
causas  2,  51.    3.  315.   8, 

48    84.     10,    139    278. 

14,  192 
causasque  3,  147 
causidici  1,32.  10,  121 
causidicis  7, 106 
causidicorum  7,  1 13  148 
causidicos  15,  HI 
causidicum  7,  136 
causidicus  6,  439 
cautis9,  119.  13,  182 
cauta  6,  348 
cautus6,  661.  7,  163 
cecideruDt  6,421 
cecidit,/roin  cado,  2,  40.  3, 

212.  10,  69 
cecid it, /rom  csdo,  3,  278 
cecidit^ue  10.  287 
Cecropiam  2,  92 
Cecropides  8,46  53 
Cecropi«6,  187 
cedamus  3, 29 
cedat  1,  110 
cede  2,  131.  7,219 
cedente  3,  239.  4,  56 
cedere  II,  50  136 
cedit  4,  123.  7,  38.  15,  46 
cedo,  indicative,  6.  57 
cedo,  imperative  (for  da.  die, 

rogo)  6.  504.  13,  210 
cedunt  6.  438  515 
CelflBDO  8,  130 
celare  9,  93 
celebrare  9,  25 
celebres  7,  3 
celebretur  3.  249 
celeres  11,  125 
celeri  15,  75 
cella  7,  28 
cellam  6.  122  128 
ceisi  8,  194 
Cclso  6,  245 
censebunt  6,  500 
censeri  8,  2  74 
censes  4,  130.  13,  140 
ceoBor  9,  142 


cen8ore2,  121 
censoris  11,92.  14,50 
censu   1,  60.  3,  160.   11, 

23 
ceusum  3, 140.  6, 362 
censura2,  63.  10.31 
census  5.  57.  10.  13.  13.  7 
c&MQs,  genitivetl ,  137.  14, 

176  227  304  317.16,53 
centena  10,  335 
centone  6,  121 
centum  1,  92  120.  3.  229 

250.  6,  516.  7,  113.  8, 

85.  14,275.  15,6 
centurioDum  16,  17 
ceperat  13,  74 
ceperunt  14,  320 
cera  7, 238.  13, 88 
cers  8,  19 
ceram  4,  19 
ceras    1,  63.    9,  140.    14, 

29  191 
cercopitheci  15,  4 
cerdoni  8,  182 
cerdonibus  4,  153 
cerebro  14,  57 
cerebrum  3,  269 
Cererem  3,  320.  9,  24 
Cereris6.  50.  10.  112.  14, 

219  263.  15,  141 
cerno  13,  64 
cernis  4,  127.  6,  573 
ceroma  6,  246 
ceroroatico  3.  68 
certa  14.  113 
certamine  15,  55 
certe  6.  28.  9,  9  73.   10, 

94  363.  13.  100.  16,  58 
ccrv»  12,  120 
cervical  6,  353 
cervice  1,  64.  6,  207  351. 

9.  143.  10,  88 
cervicibus  3,  88.    6,  589. 

10.  260 
cervina  14,251 

cervix  10,  40  120  345.  12, 

14 
Cesennia  6,  136 
cespes  12, 2 
cessabit  14.  59 
cessant  6,  67  555.  9,  33 
cessantia  8,  176 
cessare  11,  183 
cessaret  5.  17 
ces&at  6,498.  13,211 
ceaset  13,  23 
cessit  4,  63 

cetera9,70.  12,25. 14,107 
Cethegi  8,  231 
Cethegum  2.  27 
Cethegus  10,  287 


Cetroniut  14, 86  92 

ceu  6,  573.  7,  337.  9,  2. 

10.  231  236 
ceventem  2,  21 
cevet  9.  40 
Chaerippe  8.  96 
Chaldeis  6. 553 
Chaldaso  10,  94 
charta  13,116 
charts  1,  18 
Charybdi  15.  17 
Charybdim  5,  102 
Chionem  3,  136 
cbirographa    13,   137.    16. 

41 
Chiron  3, 205 
chironomon  6,  63 
chironomonta  5,  121 
chiamyde  2.  258 
chlamys  8.  101 
choraules  6.  77 
chordae  6.  382.   15,  5 
chordas  3,  63 
choro  11,  163 
cborui  6,  512 
Chrysippi  2,  5 
Chrysippus  13,  184 
Cbrysogonum  6,  74 
Chrysogonus  7,  176 
cibi  10,  203.  11,  99.    15. 

98  171 
cibo  3,  211.  6,  581.    13. 

213 
ciboque  5,  49 
cibum  6,  428.  10,  229.  14, 

255 
ctbas3,  233.  5,  14.  14,79 

301 
cicadas  9. 69 
cicatrix  3.  151 
Ciceronem  7.214.  8,244 
Ciceroni  7,  139 
Ciceroois  10,  114 
ciconia  14,  74 
cicuta  13,  186 
dcutas  7,  206 
ciemus  13,31 
Cilicis  4,  121 
Cilicum  8.  94 
Cimbri  15.  124 
Cirobros  8.  249  251 
cinsBdis  14,  30 
cinaedo  4,  106 
cinedoa  2,  10 
»<Mul«f  9.  37 
ciocinnus  6.  492 
cineres8,  146.  11,44 
cinerum  10,  144 
cinis  1,  171 
CirceU  4,  140 
Circenset  10,  81 


CircciiubM3,238.  11,63 

Circes  16,  31. 

cirri  10.  37 

cireo  6.  538.    8,  S9  I  IB. 

0,  144 
drcoil  9,  8. 
circam,  mm,  3,  66 
drcDmtg»9,  81 
circnmagat  7.  1 64 
dreumaguDt  6,  33 
circumdilui  6,  533 
circamdedit  6,  468 


122 


uijcumduclo 
drcumligBt  7,  as 
drcnmliu  9,  14 
clmumKiibeFe   4,337 
circumscripseril  10,  333 
cJrFmnieriplorem  15,  136 
circumnlil  ID,  318 
circuoupice  II,  96 
circumipicii  7, 20 
drcai  1 1,  105 
Cinha  7,  64 
CirrhKi  13,  79 
diTDlS,  165 
cbia  3,  306.   6,  44 
dtiM  7,  1 1 
dlibare  8,  80 
Cilari  2,  43 
ditto  I,  GO 
dUMri6,39l 
dtharam  S,  230 
eithanxdi  7,  313 
dtharaedo  8.  198 
dthantdna  6,  76.   10,311 
dtiusi,  123.    4,  134.    10, 

226.  14,3).  15,19.  16, 

32 
dt6  1,34.   9,146.   11,13. 

14.  87  177 
d*e  10,  378 
dram  3,  .l.     12,  131.     14, 

70.    IS,  1S6 
■inlia  3.  51.  7,  106 
diili*  3,  lOS 
diililBr  6,  1 13 
ciiii  3,  106.  4, 90.  6,  669. 

clmde4,84. 10,344.  16,114 
dunul  I,  13 

clanaDte  4.  75 

climaD»m  2,  37 

damat  6,   74  63iS.   8,39. 

9.63.   14.293 
flsmatur  1,  90 
cUmcni!),  106 
diMet  6,  383 
dBnH>r6,  328.    II,  199 
damoK  10,  215.     13,  31. 

14,  66.     IS,  S3 


TO  JUVENAL. 

clamoio  9,  144 
clarnDsum  8,  186 
dainraut  14,  191 
dan  8,  61.    13,74 
daca  8,  161 
ctatamqiie  8,  139 
dirai  4.  151 
clari  3,  173 
daHqnc  4,  136 
damm  II,  95 
daru»2,  129 
dauibut  10, 175 
dat>is7,  151.   14.377 
daude  7,  36.   9,  104 
ciaadBDda  13, 129 
daudcuicm  13,  96 
claadeie  14,  333 
dauderet  3.  19.  6,  4 
daodUS,  131 

daudilut  13,  166.    15,  139 
Ct*odiiM5,  147.    6,  115. 

14,330 
clave  IS,  IS8 
davoraoi  16,  35 
■      a  3,  243 


dau 


,  134 


daiuil  6,  139.    10.  17 
dauia3, 186.   4.21 
I'lDumqiie  6,  68 
dauilia  8,261 
damm  6.   34.   10,  170 
davui;i.24H 
CIcanlhui  3, 7 
dementia  I,  17.   6,  160 
Clsopatra  2,  109 
dieni9,72.    10,  161 
dl#nlen]6, 1G 
dwDtnl,  132.   3,  183 
dieoli  6.  64 
dieiiti*3,  125.   9,69 
Clio  7, 7 
Clilnmni  19, 13 
cljvouue  6,650 
elijtnl  5.  55 
elMca  5, 105 
Clodiiu3,37.   6,346 
ClotbD  9,  135 
dune  11,164 
dnDem  2. 21.   6,  334 
claDibui  5,  167 
ClatiaiD  3,  49 
CluTieaiu  1.80 
clypeii  2,  126.    14,  243 
dypeoa.20].   II,  106 
CljitKinealrain  6,  666 
Coa  8,  101 
eoMUi6.  134 
coida*  14.  135 
coacto  13,  133 
coictos  4,  146 


407 

cocdna  3,283 
Coclite  8.  364 
coctEque  6.  472 
coctuDiriue  6,  133 
codice2,57,    7,  110.    10, 

338 
Codri  I,  3 

Codro  3,  303  ' 

Codrus  3,  208 
L-oL'geruni   5.  121 
c-^s-ii  6,  423 
ca:le.ii  IS,  146 
ciEti  6,  394  645.     13,  83 

234.   14,96394.   15,85 
calieolamni   3, 42 
c(Ela3,  35  40.  6,283.  II, 

37 
«eloque6,  11637.    9,47. 

10,  366 
ccBlam  1,38.  2,35.  3,78 

84.  6,633.   11,62.   13, 

18 
coemli  14,  2»3 
cmaa  2,   120.    6,  34   85. 

11.70  141.   14,170 
cceni  G,  641 
cteaacula  10,  18 
cccnie  1,133.  4,30.   6,9. 

9,44.  10,230.  14,  130. 

16,41 
ccenam  3,273.  6,303.  15, 

cteaaadiS,  166.    M,  120 
ccenaiG  3,  16H.    14.  13 
COBD..  1,  US.  5,117 
CMiutS,  143.  11.1  13 
craDBiio  7,  183 
coenavit  1,96.  10,335 
cffioeiS,  118 
cnnel  8,  86 
caaii  10.  362 
ceeniMi  3,  366 
ccBOula  3,  167 
caperat4,154.  6,106.  10, 

coepere  13,  ISO 
coBperit  14,  217 
cispeniDt  6,  373 
cfPpiuet  6,  113 
cicpiia,  114.   6,434.    13, 

34  99 
coepti  13,  14S 
caeplDm  9,  79 
cofrcet  8,  236 
ccetDt  G,  399.   7,  239 
cogarii  5.  160 
cogat3,  391.   5,73 
rogebat  16,  100 
cogeDteS,  193.  11,7 
cwetur  7,  18 
cogiaiur3, 189 


4fl8 

cogil  U,  124 
cogilque  13,  233 
cagilM6,  39.    13,309 
GOgitute,  479.  13,316 

coKDiti  5-.  10a 

cogDiIill!  64.  15,160 
mgnataram  1 1 ,  86 
eopiitt  12,  26 
cagnitio  16, 18 
<'OKDLiion*6,  495.  T.33S 
Witnilut  13, 9 
toEiiDJce3  388 
cocooMXre  6,  474 
cobibg  6,  347 
cohibcra  5,  71 
aJaon  6,  SIS.  8,  137.  10, 

18.  13,  173.  16,20 
cohortem  5,  38.  14,  306 
cohoitn  7,  164.  10,  94,  13, 

109 
cohorlli  1 ,  SB 
coitut  10,  304 
caltphum  9,  S 
colit  15,3 
Colctudc  6,  643 
colcDti  14,103 
calimm  3,  193 
colipbit  2,  53 
colj*  7, 37 
colit  4,  61.    to,  lie.    15, 

38 
coiitor  1,  116.  3,  173 
colUcWa  6,  308 
collapu  B,  77 
collali  IS,  166 
collega  3,  130.  8,  197  353. 

11,93 
cDltem  3,  71 
coIIm  6,  39S 
co1libu(9,  131.  14,  179 
colligat  4,  133 
collige6,  146.  13,  191 
colligil  13,  146 
colligo  11,  196 
Collins  6,  391 
collo  2,  41  86.  3,  68.  6 

458.  8.66.  14,146 
collum  3,  88.  10,  369 
ci>lluiore9,  61 
cDllyria  6.  679 
color  7,  165.  14,394 
cnlorcin  6,  76.  (J,  380 
colorea  13,  90 
tolmb  9.  29 
colouo  8,  230 
colubne  5,  103 
rolubria  6,  29 
coluerunl  2,  91 
caiuil  16,  39 
rolumhic3,  302.  6,  549 
columbii  3,  63 


VEKBAL  INDEX 

cdDmu  14,  307 
calumnK  1,  13 
coluniDu  6, 690.  14,60 
calamnii?,  IBS.  B,  77 
™iuDt  11,193.  15,76 
coins  14, 349 
coma  3.  16 

COIDD  9,  13 

comii6,  496.  11.187 

cuuiecJimlS  34 
comedit  3 .  i9A 
csRMdDDt  1,  138.  3,  63 
««oiei3,47.  4,84 

CO  me  tem -6,407 
cominilt  4,  99 
comii  3,  96 
coraitantibai  I,  89 
CDDiilJt.i  esl  6,  83 
comilee,  30  119 
eamileai  16,  55 
camita  1,  119.  3,  35.  6, 

353  469.  7,107  143 
comiium  1.  46.  3,  3S4.  7, 

44.  8, 127 


magcQi 


5.  550 


tommeadare  6,  397 
COIDRieadil  11.208 
comiDeadet  16,5 
commeicia'Si    U6 
t  !l,96 
iiit  6, 459 

,  7.  10.  9, 

93.   10,337.   14.310 
comiiiitt.iI,  163 
commiiu  12, 67.  13,  125 
tommillerf  6.  378 
['uinTi>itIil^t43l> 
r.'Dniniillilur6,  39.  13,  I 
commillunl  13,  104 
commoda  9,  S9.   16,  7 
commodat  7,  40 
commaU  3, 317 
commuDe  3,  182.  9,  134 
romniUDi  6,  4.  7,  SS.  15, 

167 
commiim.B.  177.  13.140. 

16,7 
commnnii  8.  73.  15. 148 
comceda  3.  100 
comcEdi  6,  73 
comrediaS,  167 
comcrdii  6,  396 
comiedus  3,  94 
compage  6,  618 
compagibui  6,  502 
compago  3.  304 
comparal  6,  436.    11,  130. 

14,20 
compaiD  12,  121.   13,66 
compcde  1 1 ,  80 


Dpbdiboi  10,  IBS 

—  -  M  1,160 
»M|»M.9.  Ill  10,49 
comploxibu  6,  279 
Componercd,    10 
conpouu  7,  3S 
OMnponil  3,  363.  7,  IBS 
ctinipooilar  3,  10 
componact  Jj ,  244 
roiDpoiiliveS,  13 
compoMit  14,2513 
compuui   6,  199  651.  9, 

40.  10.549 
computet  I      17 
conatil3,«tO 
cont(iu3,  166,  10,6 
concedBi  12.  115 
cnncodalui  1.  70 
coDndn  14,  7 

CODGCDtU  10,  316 

coucepul      16a 
COQD«uit  10,3lfi 
concauum  13,235 
concli&  6,  304 
cancliaiS,4lfi 
uinchp  3.103 
coDcbeiB  14,131 
conchTliaS,  Bl.  8,  101 
coDddert  6,414 
coocidilur  4,  130 
coDcipctet  B,  42 
cODcipii  10.  S 
cODcipitur  13,  104 

conniuiA.  300 
caQClaniaat  7,  167 
concordn  1,   116.   2,   47, 

6,  331.     10,   397.     16, 

159 
c«ncntritQ  3,  30.  6, 636 
concnbilDi  6,  318 
coDcnmbal  6,  406 
concumbaDi  (i,  191 
coDCUrrentia   5,  19 
coiicurrtmrl5,53 
coocusKie  0,328 
coDcuterefi.aa 
coDcuiJmr  3,  101 
condlr*    . .  19.  14,  IS 
candlt€,5B7    7,  IBS 
con.lil&  2.141 
conditor  II,  178.  16,148 
coDduccDdBijue  6,  57B 
condurendu  15.  i  12 
condncenduscjue  3,114 
rondu(efe3,  31.  7,4 


TO  JUVENAL. 


4G9 


coDdQcUtt  1, 108 
coDdncto  7,  46 
conductum  13,  145 
cooductoi  6,  332  686 
cooducunt  3,  38 
Gondupltcare  14,  229 
coneris  10,205 
confer  13, 144  147  154 
cooferat  3,  216.  7,  36 
conrerat3,5].  14,223 
conferre  7,  206.  10,  302 
coDferret  12,  33 
conferri  12,21 
confcrt  1, 106.  8,  94 
coiifigite*6,  173 
coofimuLSt  13, 107 
confisutlO,  11.  12,58 
confiteor  6,  639 
conflare  13, 163 
coofundas  6,  284 
coniiuidat  7,  68 
coniiisiis  3, 1 
coo^esta  10,  12 
conjectat  5,  163 
conjage  1,  124.  5,  77.  6, 

212.  8, 128.  12,  45.  13, 

50 
con|iigii  89  219 
conjugis  6,  255  313  510. 

10, 242 
conjugis, /or  viri,  6,  85 
conjttgium  9,  80.  10,  352. 

11,29 
conjangere  15»  153 
conjaz,/or  vir,  6,  98 
conopeo6,  80 
coDor  6,  644 
conacendere  6,  98 
consda  6,  271.    13,   193. 

14,28 
Gonscim  3. 49.  6, 339 
consed^re7,  115 
consederit  13,  68 
consensa  16,  21 
coDsiderat  6,  482 
considere  4,  34 
conailia  7. 172 
consiUo  3,  162.  4, 145.  6, 

497 
consilium  1,  16.  4,  18  78 

86.9,  124.  10,346 
consistas  3, 296 
conspocU2, 81 
conspectius  8,  140 
conspectnm  10,  230 
coDspezit  3f  101 
conspicitur  12,  72 
conspicua  10,  125 
coDspicuum  4,  54  115 
cottspicuus  6, 374 
conspuiturque  7, 112 


constabit  7, 188 
coDstaot  6,  166.  14,  258 
consUnti  6,  93 
constantia  2,   105.  13,  77 

237 
constare  14,  17 
coosUt  6,  626.  7,  77 
coostent  6,  365.  7,  45 
constet  7,  230 
consiitit  6,  123 
coostituebat  3,  12 
coDstituit  6,  487 
coostratum  10, 175 
constricttts  5,  84 
coDsuetis  5,  74 
coDsuetudo  7,  51 
consul  7,  197.  8,  148  236. 

10,41 
consulat  14,  317 
consule,  noun,    5,  30.    7, 

198.  8,  23.  10,  122.  13, 

17.  15,27 
consule,  vgrb,  1 1,  33 
consulibtts  11,  199 
coosulis  8,  262.  11,86 
consulit  6,  396   565    574 

590 
consuHtur  6,  575 
consume  4,  68.  13,  160 
consumere  14,  128 
coDsumitur  1 1 ,  47 
consumpserit  1,  4 
consuropta2,  155 
consuroptis  8,  185 
consurgit  6,  507 
consuto  3,  150 
coDtacta  5, 128 
coDtagio  2, 78 
contemnas  9,  99  120 
coDtemoere  3,  145.  6,  22. 

9,123.  10,123.  13,75. 

14.100 
contemnit  3,  288 
contemnunt  2,  35.  5,  102 
contempserat  6,  90 
coatempseris  14,  48 
contempsii  6,  90 
contempto  14,  232 
contemptor  6, 342 
contenta  6,  54.  15, 83 
contentaque  13,  47 
contents  3,  277 
contentam  3,  314 
content!  14,  179 
contentos  2,  161 
contentum  13,  243 
conteotu&  7,  79.  9,  9.  10, 

172.  13,  133 
contentusque  3,  170 
cont^t  6,  225  350 
contezere  14, 27 


contezit  3,  195 
contigerit  6,  49 
contigit  5,  164.  6,  564.  7, 

122.  13,7 
contioet  5,  100.  10,  80 
contiDgat  6,  217.  10,  341 
contiogens  11,  62 
contingere  6, 50.  7,  60.  8, 7 
contingi  6,  288 
contingis  8,  28 
contingunt  14, 184 
continuis  10,  190.  11,207 
continuo  6,  493.    13,  191 

219.  14,243 
contra,  prepotUiont  3,  290. 

4,  89.  8,  138.  16,  33  34 
contra,  adverb,   I,  160.  6, 

644.  9,  12  91.  IS,  120 
contraque  16,  34 
contracU  11,203 
contrahat  11,  185 
contrahit  6,  174 
contrarius9,  21.  10,30 
contulit  8,  240.  10,  265 
contum  2,  150 
contumque  10,  20 
contundere  13, 128 
conturbat  7,  129 
convallem  16,  36 
convelle  3,  321 
coovenerat  6,  281 
conveniat  10,  348 
convenit  7,  136.   15,  164 
conveniunt  9,  132 
conveatum  6,  25 
conventus  8,  129 
conversus  4,  120 
convicia  3,  237 
convictus  11,4 
conviva  5,  74  161.  9,  10. 

11,60 
conviv^  5, 25 
convivs  3,  250.  6,  424 
convivam  11,  130 
convivia  I,  141.  5,  82.  11, 

150  177. 13,  42 
convomit  6,  101 
convulsaque  1,  12 
cophino  6,  542 
cophinus  3,  14 
copial,87.  10,9 
Copti  15, 28 
Coptos  15,  35 
coquere  15,  167 
coram  6,  140.  8,  9.  10,  22. 

11,47  59 
Coranum  16,  54 
corbibus  1 1 ,  73 
Corbulo  3,  251 
Corcjraea  15,  25 
corda  15,  131 


470 


VERBAL  INDEX 


corde7,5a.  16,33 
Corinthi,  proper    name,  8, 

197 
Corinthum  8,  113 
corio  13,  155 
corium  14,  204 
Cornelia  6, 167 
cornice  10, 247 
cornicines  3, 34.  10, 44  214 
cornicioi  2, 118 
comu  2,  90.  6,  314.  12»  9 
cornua  13,  165.  14, 199 
Corol4,268 
corona  6,  32a  9,  138 
corons  8,  226.  10,  39.  15, 

50 
coronam  6,  51 
coronal  9,  85.  12,  87.  13, 

149 
coronata  13,  63 
ooronati  5,  36.  11,97 
coronatum  6, 297 
corpora  2, 139. 12, 117. 13, 

230.  14,  16  266 
corpore  2,  75.  6,  235  605. 

9,  19.  10,  217  356.  13, 

92  178.  14,  51.  15,  91. 

16,53 
corporibuft  3,  259.  15,  106 
corporis  10,  296  321 
corpus  3,  48.  7,  62 
oorpuscula  10,  173 
corripias  10,  292 
corripies  14,  54 
corrosis  15,  80 
corrumpunt  14,  32 
corrupta  6.  180 
corrupter  1,  77.  4.  8 
corruptore  6,  233 
oorruptoris  10, 304 
corruptu8  6,  541 
Corsica  5,  92 
corvi  8,  252 
Corvine  12,  1  93 
Corvinum  8,  5  7 
Corvinus  1,  108 
corvis  2,  63 
Conim  10,  180 
corvo  7, 202 
coruscat  3,  254.  12,  6 
Corybanta  5, 25 
Corycia  14.  267 
Corydon  9,  102  twice 
corymbos  6, 52 
Coryths  8,  62 
cosmetsB  6,  477 
Cosmi  8,  86 
Cosso  10, 202 
Coasum  3,  184 
Cosaus  7,  144.  8,  21 
cothurnis  6,  506.  15,  ^ 


cothuroo  7,  72 

cothumum  6, 634 

Cotta  5,  109.  7, 95 

cottana  3,  83 

cotumix  12, 97 

Cotytto  2,  92 

coxa  10,  227 

coxae  6,  321 

coxam  15,  66 

crambe  7,  154 

eras  2,  132.  3,  23.  5,  33. 

14,  310 
craasa  11,  158 
crasaiqae  9,  29 
crasso  13,  163 
crassoque  10,  50 
Crassos  10,  108 
crassum  3,  150 
crate  11,82 
cratera  12,  44 
cratere  2,  87 
crebruro  6,  584 
credam  1,  51.  16,  31 
credamus  6, 643.  8,  207 
credant  13.  87 
credas  3. 7.  5, 156.  6, 504. 

14,  149  203.  15,  118 
credat  10,  361.  15,  37  142 
erode  8,  83.   13,  175.  14, 

220 
credebant  13,  54 
credent  6,  554 
credere  4,  70.  5,  5  152 
crederet  12,  20 
crediderim  15,  21 
crediderint  15,  171 
credidit  10,  184 
credimus  4,  53.  10,  176 
credis  6,  275.  10,  68  246 
credit  14, 119  233  286 
credite  6,  630.  8,  126 
creditor  7,  108.  11,  10 
creditur  3, 93  146.  10,173. 

13, 110 
credo  6,  1 
credunt  2,  152.    13,  231. 

15,59 
creduotur  10,  137 
CremerflB  2,  155 
crepat  10,  62 
Crepereius  9,  6 
crepido  5,  8 
crepitat  1,  116 
crepitum  3, 108 
crepitus  1],  170 
crescant  10,  24 
crescente  11,39.  13,  213 
crescere  5,  96.  6,  371 
crescit  6,  289.  7,  101.  14, 

139  twice 
crescuntU,  116117 


CfMsa  10,  327 

Crete  14,  270 

cretatamcpie  10,  66 

Cretice  2,  67  78 

Creticuf  8, 38 

crimen  6,  33  294  493.  8, 

128  141216.9,  110.13, 

90  210 
crimina  8,  168  206.    13, 

104  144.  14,  39 
crimine4,  15.  6,219  285. 

10,  69.   13,  6  24.    14, 

238 
criminibua  1 ,75 167. 13, 239 
crine  2,  1 12 

crinem3,  186.  6.120  490 
crinemque  6,  310 
cfinibus  6,  164.  7, 70 
Crispi  4,  81 
Crisptne  4,  24 
Crisptnnm  4,  14 
Crispiousl,27.  4,1  108 
crispo  6,  382 
crissantis  6,  322 
crista  4,  70.  6,  256  422 
eristam  13.  233 
crocea  7,  23 
crocodiktt  15,  2 
crocos  7,  208 
Croesi  14,  328 
Croesnm  10,  274 
cmce  8, 188 
cnicem  6,  219.  13,  105 
cruciatu  10,  286 
crucibn^ue  14,  77 
crudaque  8,  223 
crudi  11,  76 
crudis2,  73.  6,203 
crudo  15,83 
cmduro  1,  143 
croentU  6,  525.    10,    185 

316 
crumena  1 1  •  38 
crura  3,  247.  6.319.  9, 15. 

10.  60.  16,  24 
cruraque  8,  115 
crare  6,  446 
cnirisque  6,  256 
crus  13,  95 
crustas  5, 38 
crustula  9,  5 
cryptam  5,  106 
crystallina  6,  155 
cubat  3,  280 
cubili  6, 1 17.  14,  82 
cubito  3,  245 
cucttllos  6,  1 18 
cucurbita  14,  58 
cucurri  5,  77 
cucurrit  12,  67 
cui  1,  166.  3,  49.  5,  54. 


TO  JUVENAL. 


471 


6, 166  354  616  IwiM  563. 
7.2U.8,68.9,50rwie« 
54.  10,  330.  II,  136. 

12.  72.  14,  105  266 
330 

coicvBiqiit  6, 412.  13,56 

caiduB  13, 199 

cuiquam  3,  119.   8,   178. 

14,  6.  15,  55. 
CQim  10,  31 

aQU  1,  131  153.  2.  148. 
3,  155  285  292  293.  4, 
82.  5,  34.  6,  7  91  215 
558  57S.  7,  73  16a  8, 
60  213.  10,48.  12,  94. 
14, 244  298  330.  15,  136 
147.  16,  54 

cniusdtm  6,  55.  8,  82 

cnJcitt  5,  17 

CQleas  8, 214 

cvlina  3, 250 

cnlinA  14, 14 

calioK  5, 162 

cvlmiaa  14,  89 

cnlmiiM  13,  69 

colmo  6,  6 

culpa  6,  494.  7, 158 

calpA  1,  167 

caliMB  6,  540.  8,  1 19  163. 

13,  106.  14,  37 
cultae  11,200 
culum  3,  95 
cultelli  2,  169 
cultelb  5,  122 
coUelloniiD  11, 133 
culu  3, 228.  14,  159 
cnltb  3,  189 
cnltori  9, 49 
cultot  3, 158 
ciiltril4.217 

culuU2, 116. 10,269.  12. 
84 

cultn>15,  119 

coinllo  3,  170.  6,  330.  8, 
145 

ciiin  2,  58.  3,  63  99  184 
301.  4,  9.  6,  168  171 
377  531.  8,  8  102.  9,  3 
41  61.  10.  94.  11,  71. 
12,  34.  13,  50.  14,  22. 

15,  22.  16.  39  &c 
cdinl,l7  222426<ii;iM.2, 

9.  3,  38  93  twiet  &c. 
Cuinu3,  2  321.  9,57 
cumulus  3, 210 
cuneu  6,  190  410  618.  8, 

129.  10.  13.  11,42.  12, 

37  91.  13,135.  14,245. 

15.56  99 
coBctts  1, 145 
ciiiicUtio6,221 


cuoctis2.  164.  10,23.  11, 

149.  15,29  39  173 
cuDctisque  6,  374 
cunctot  13,  101 
cuoeis  6.  61 
cunis  6,  89 
enperent  2,  157 
caperet  10,  294.  14,  313 
cupiant  6, 654 
cupiat  10,96.  11,37 
cupiat  10,  360 
cupifiioe  10,  351 
cupido,  lUMfitnoltoe,  10,  143. 

14,  175 
cupidus  7,  58.  8, 14 
copieos,  12,  35 
cupient  I,  148.  2,  136 
cupiet  14. 13 
cupimus  10,  5 
cupit  6,  445 
curl,  19  103.  2.58  59.  3, 

38.  6.  142.  8.  13.    10, 

254.  13,  115  192 
cora  6,  107  501  508.  13, 

217 
curft  10,  12  303.  13,  227. 

14.303 
curabilis  16.  21 
curs  6,  474 
curam  I,  58.  11.  115.  14, 

157 
curanda  6,  455 
cuiandum  8.  121 
curant  13.  101 
curare  2.  105 
curas6.  189.  7,65.   10,51 

78.  11,93 
curas,  V€rb,  6, 114.  7,  91 
curat  6,  300 
curatorU  14,  288 
curentur  13, 124 
cures  7,  242 
curet  3,  127 
curia  8,  91.  9,  101 
Curios  2.  3.  8,  4 
curUll,  181 
Curius2,  153.  11,78 
curramus  10,  85 
curre  10.  166 
currere  3.  128 
curret  3,  240 
curribus8,  3.  10,36 
curricula  14.  231 
currit  6,  534.   8,  160.  13, 

168 
currite  4.  76 
curritur  7,  82 
curru  10,  42  282 
cumica  6, 276 
currunt  3, 308.  11,49 
cumu  7,  67  125 


cursor  5.  52 
cursuS.  253.  14,27 
cursum  15.  77 
curta3,270.  14,  166 
Curtius  11,34 
curiam  10,  135 
curtum  6,  449 
curvas  9.  145 
curvatum  7.  127 
curvetur  6,  262 
curvi8  8,  129.  13,  169 
curules  10,  91 
curvo  14,  86 
cuspide  2,  130 
custode  3,  306.  10,303 
custodem  6.  375 
cus<odes  6,  235  348.  8,  52 
custodia  14,  304 
custodibus  10.  144 
custodipt  6,  347 
custodit  1.  107.  9.  122 
cuttodite  6.  630 
custoditur  13,  139 
custos  5.  40.  7,  218.   10, 

1 17.  13,  167 
cute  6,  464.    9.   13.    10, 

192 
cutem  2,  105 
cuticnia  11,203 
cutis  6.  144 
Cyane  8,  162 
Cyaneas  15.  20 
cyatbo  9.  47 
cyathos  13.  44 
cyatbum  5.  32 
Cybeles2.  111.  14,263 
Cyclada  6,  563 
cyclade  6. 259 
Cydopas  15,  18 
cygno  6,  165 
cygnum  8,  33 
cylindros  2,  61 
cyraba  2.  151 
cymba  4.  45.  12, 80 
cyrabala  9,  62 
Cynici  14.  309 
Cynicis  13.  122 
Cynicos  13.  121 
Cynthia  6,  7 


D. 

Da  1.  101  (riM.  3.  137.5. 

42   135.   8.  68.    10,  43 

188  twice.  16,  29 
dabantur  14,  163 
dabat  10.78.  11,85 
dabit  2,  79.  3,  219.  5,  53 

166.  6,  214  585  586.  7 


472 


VERBAL  INDEX 


45  90  104  171.  11,159. 

12,   119   125.    13,    179 

244 
dabitur  7,  124.    10,  340. 

12.4 
dtbo  12,  90 
dabuot7,20l.  10, 164  349. 

11.177 
dabuntor  10,  335.  14,  158 
Dacicus  6,  205 
Dacis4.  Ill 
DaedalDB  3, 25 
dama  11,  121 
Damasippe  8, 185 
Dainasippus  8,    147    151 

167 
damna  12,  53 
damnandis  14.  38 
damoante  6»  84.  8,  93 
damnare  4,  85 
damnat    6.    556.    8,    202 

twice 
daronata  2.  70 
damnatio  8,  94 
damoatos  10,  74.  13.  240 
damoalDS  1 .  47 
damnetur  2, 69 
damnis  6.  571 
damno  6.  373.  10»  233.  12» 

35.  13.  129 
damDonim  6.  509.  8,  99 
damnosa  7.  101.  14,  4 
damnum  9.  125.  10.  210 
damu8  8.  70.  11,174 
dant  7.  90 
dare  3,  229.    6.  568.    7. 

43.    10,  295   363.    13. 

187.    15,   103   127   132 

157 
darentur  2,  157 
daret  7,  104.  15.  155 
dan  5,  150 
das  3,  184 
dat  2.  19  63.  3,  279.  13. 

19.14.30  230 
data  10.  146  243 
datum  6,  134 
datar  5.  40  88  99.  6.  204. 

16.13  52 
daturos  10.  49 
de  I.  34  66  137.  2.2  20 

24  62.  3.  123  140  154. 

4.  11  33.  5,25  33  twice 

167.   6.  33  45  76  161 

186   187  385.    7.    197 

198.  8.  27  49  107  134 

207.  9.  143  149.  10,89 

101   134  251  252.  11.5 

65  73.  12, 1 16.  13.  6  92. 

14,6  114  134.  15,25  47 

85  92.  16, 18  38  &c. 


Den  2.  89.  6,310314 
Deam  2.  87.  10«  366.  14, 

316 
debeat5.  20.  11,  136.  13, 

63.  14,255 
debent  1 ,  75 
debere  3.  51.  4,  52 
deberet  6,  387 
debet  5.  171.  8,24  70 
debet  2,  44.  6,  446.   13, 

12.  15.97 
debetur  4,  133.  6, 537  647. 

14.47 
debilis  10, 227 
debilitate  14,  156 
debitor  16,  40 
debuerant  3, 163 
debueras  13.  115 
debuit  8.  213  222 
deceant  2.  76 
decebat  4,  13 
decebunt  8,  182 
decern  7.  142.  13,  71 
Decembri  7.  97.  9.  68 
decens  6, 162 
decentiua  6.  487 
decepta  6.  603 
deceptas  9.  126 
deceret  8.  263 
decernat  13.  92 
decerpere  14,  253 
decetl  1,155  200 
decidere  12,  33 
deciderit  6.  432 
decies  10, 335.  13.136.  14. 

28 
Decii  8,  258 

Deciorum  8. 254.  14,  239 
decipit  5. 166.  6,  234 
declaraare  7,  150 
declamatio  10,  167 
declamatoris  16.  23 
decocta  5,  50 
decolor  6.  600.  7,  226 
decoris  6,  501 
decozit  15.  81 
decrescebat  15,  69 
decrescere  7,  220 
decurrere  1.  19.  9,  126 
decus  6,  255 
dedecus  4,  131.  8.  200.  10, 

342 
dederat  10,  288 
dederit  2.  59.  6.  581.    7, 

140.  10,319.  14,52 
dedi  9.  39 

dedimus  1.  16.  9,  86 
dedisset  4.  150 
dedisU  6,  27.  9.  124.   14. 

70  244 
deditl,  158.  2,78  117.  3, 


108.  6, 187  167  158  369 

383  542.    10,  119.   12, 

73  79.  15, 133 
dedhus  6, 181  206.  9, 71 
deduoeodum  13, 156 
dediioere  3,  136386.  7,54 

224.  13,  132.  14, 104 
dediicia  8,  373 
deductit  13,  207 
dedozit  10.  109 
deerat  4,  73 
deerit  2,  168.   3,  303.  9, 

112  130.  16,  18 
deeaiet  7, 69 
defeciise  5,  7.  10, 177 
defedt  5.  94 
defeodere  1,  103.  8,  48 
defendier  15,  157 
defeodit  2.  46 
defenior  8,  163 
defeiKu^  10.  85 
deferat  6. 552 
defertll,  156 
defertnr  16,  19 
deficiat3,31l 
deficeret  11,  197 
deficiente  11,38 
deficientibna  12,  69 
deficit  7,  129 
defluit  7,  32 
defluxit  3,  62 

deformem  10.  191  192  307 
deformia6. 107 
deforrois  3,  87.  4.  58 
defossa  10.  46 
defttit4. 128.  7.  75 
defondere  3,  277 
degenerare  14,  14 
Dei  11.  107 
dejecerat  11,  119 
dein  15,  53 
deinde  1.  101  128.  3,280 

298.  6.  19  156  41&  8, 

110.  9,  39  42.    10,  59 

63 
Deis  8.  216.  12,2  114 
delapsa3,  118 
delator  1,  33.  3.  116.  10. 

70 
delatore  4,  48 
dele  7.  27 
delebit  12.  123 
delectant  8. 132  137 
delecUtur  16.  6 
delectent  6,  366 
delevit  5,  35 
deliberat7.  162 
delicias  4,  4.   6.  47  260. 

10.291.  13.  140 
delinquere  14,233 
Delphinis  10,  14 


Dtlpbinonimqae  6, 690 
Dalphii  6, 666 
delubn  3. 13.  13,  107 
ddobii  13. 60 
dtlubrii  13,  84 
demcq*  6,  S32.    10,  166. 

11,3.  15,1 
dcmentii  10,  233 
DeBMtriui  3,  99 
demiieum  15.    46 
DemocrilDi  10,  34 
DemMthfDii  10, 114 
ibDH  10. 186 
dtndl  14. 144 
a  13, IB 


inal  6. 31 


dcDtaU,  11 
dgDlem  9,  134 
denlae,  14&.  16,10 
denlilfUi  3,  301.  H.  13*. 

14.  24i  15.16? 
denture,  571.  II.  '21 
SeoiQiti  3,  218.  7,67.  10. 

K  184.  13,  46  100  231 

249.  IS,  103 
D«ot  3,  146.   13,  91.  15, 

38 
dtputumque  4,  61 
ittpOEiii  1,  142 
deponilS,  186 
dnwDUDt  1, 133 
-*-"■ ",  16  60  178 


201 


dcpMoit  1 1. 130 
dcprendu  9,  IB  19 
dapmidcn4.  142.7,  112 
deprenn  S,  640 
-■ iii6,2BS 


dHceadaQt  II.  164 

dcKcndai  14.  Gl 
dcKcnder«6,S3e.  10,382. 

14,366 
dcueodct  6,  532 
ddcCDdimni  3,  17 
dMcendil  7.  173,  11,37 
ducenilunl  10,68  113 
dewrU5 1  6 
deddcrstS,  78.  11.153 
dMid«no6,  142 

dMfti  e,  164 


TO  JUVENAL. 

detut  6,  ISO 
d«peiaDda6,  231 
deiperalio  S.  367 
deipiciam  1 1 ,  24 
deipiciuB,  113  114.9,99 
deiptcial  5,  B3 
dtspiciel  1,159 
dcspicitll,  131 
dalinil  4,  45.  10,  331 
dettintt  3, 3 
duttDt  e.  333 
dit  6.  354 
dcUrel  3.  34 
deLergei  5,  37 
deteruir  2,  23.  9,  121.  10, 

323 
deteriiu  3,  T  9a    11,  6a 

14,63 
delntibile3,  48.  13.  126. 

15,  131 
dWulii  6, 220 
d«lur  6,  653 
DcucilioD  1,  81 
devectum  7, 121 
dcvebat  I,  10 
duvciUculo  IS,  72 
devem  4,  IIB 
devia  14,  76 
Deflm  6,  512 
deuncam  1,  40 
devotuiqua  9, 73 
Deiu  6,  132.  8,   111.  13, 

46.  15,71 
deiten  6,  560 
dolu  4,  130 
dcxl[&  6,  65B.  8,304.  10, 

349 
dcxtrs  3,  48.  15.67 
dtximn  3,28.  S,  71 
d«ilro  10,  6 
Dt  6,  631.   7,  207.   10,  8 

349 
ditdema  B,  269.  13,  106 
diidemato  13, 39 
Diana  )0, 293 
Diaoaro  3,  330.  15.  8 
"  0.  39  279  280 


473 

dictre  1,  153.  3,  297.  4, 
50.  5,  131.  8,  375.  10, 
101.  11,  194.  13,  161. 
14,36  150.  16.30 

dicaral  10,  76.  15,  171 

dicM  14,225 

dicet  6,  145  404.  8,  163. 
13. 184 

dicelui  6,  473 

dici  6,  105 

dic»  14,  335 

dicit  7,  62.  14,  331 

dkhe  6, 266 

dicilut  6,  478  644 

dicta  15,  98 

diclibiluifi,  218 

diclanlel4.3!l 

diclaie  6,  345 

diclala5,  122 

dicrat*que  6,  391 

Dictatore  B,  8 

Dictatoria  II.  87 

dictem  11.  59 

diclcl  8,  83 

dielii  1,164 


116 
dicuDl  13, 137 
didieere  13,  32 
didicit  7,  30.   14,  9 

diductra  10, 310 

diducii  I,  157 

diducil  10,  153 

die  6, 183  475.  7,161.  10, 

234.  12,  1 
dle(|ue  3,  105.  7.  61.  13, 


381  3 


I  l«i«.  7,  106. 1 


56.  9.  54.   10, 
33.  13,33.  U,31I 

dicam  9,  68 

dicanl  3,  33 

dicaa  1,  ISO.  3,  96  312.6, 
19B441.7,  13 

dicat  6,    130.    6.  308.  7, 

2.13  a.ta.  10.216 

dicebal  4, 143.  12,37.  14. 

IBO 
dicendi  6,  449.  10,9 
dNXD*  16,  41 
dicaDtem  7,  147 


dienim  3,  172.  10,343 
diei  I,  137.  4,  67.  9,  17. 

10.365.  13,23  160 
differre  14.  130 
dlDert  3,  313 
difficile  1.30.   11,  17 
difficili  13,  313 
diirtiDditur3.227 
diffuu  11,  159 
diffiuum  5,  30 
digiliil.2e.  3.107.5,44. 

10.229.  13,58.  14,222. 

15.92 
digital.  160.  3,248.6,27 

157.  9,  133.   11.43  129 
digiloa  6,  197  422.  7.  89 
digitoMjuc  7.  232 


474 


VERBAL  INDEX 


digaa  1,51.  4,  136.  6,62. 

6,  61  161  230.  10. 157. 
12,  114.  13,  62.  14,  1 
206.  15,  1 18  129 

dignae  6,  50 
dignam  13,  205 
dignatur  14,  324 
dignior  13,  235 
dignique  8,  67 
dignitsima  6,  249 
dignlssiroe  13.  33 
dignoscere  10,  2 
digoum   1,  73.  9>  47.   10, 

183  255.  12, 45.   14,  50. 

15,  17.  16,  22  31 
dignumque  16,  31 
digQU8  4,  117.  5,  115  173. 

7,  29.  8,  85  188.  15, 
140 

digredimur  16,  47 

digreMU  3,  1 

dilate  13,  228 

dilatis  11,  181 

dilectiB  10,  318 

dilexit  14, 240 

diligit  6,  72 

diligitur  3,  49 

diluvio  6,  41 1 

dimidil  5,  9 

dimidio  5, 84.  14, 132  201. 

15.5 
dimidioi  8.  4.  15,  57 
dimidium  6, 257.  13,95 
dimittetdr  6,  470 
dimitte  1,  125 
dimittente  6.  126 
dimittere  5,  20 
Diomedeas  1 .  53 
Dipbilus  3,  120 
dira  4.  14.  12,  26.  15,32 

96  104 
dine  8,  119.  13,  106 
direxit  4,  89 
diri,  13,  193 
dirimente  6,  164 
dirirai  9,  79 
diripiatur  6,  404 
diris  4,  80.  10.  15 
dinie  14,  196 
dinis  7,  161 
dirus^ue  4,  116 
dinita  4.  60 
D!s  1,  49.  3.   146.  4,  71. 

5.  132.  8,  257.  10,  129. 

11,  113.  14,206 
discedas  7.  50 
disciDxerit  8.  120 
discipuH  2.  28.  7,  218 
discipulo  13,  125 
discipuloi  10.  224 
dUcipulum  14,  213 


discipulninqiie  3, 117 
discipulos  11,  137 
dUcit  5, 155.  6.  66 
discrimen  6,  500  592.  13, 

118 
discrimina  6,301.  10,196 

311 
dUcriioine  5,  123.  8,  54. 

11,32.  14,258 
discriminis  6,  520.  10, 139. 

12,24  55.  14.203  290 
discumbere  5, 12.  6,  433 
discuot  14,  209 
discursus  I,  86    > 
discutienda  10,  145 
disertos  7, 31 
dujunge  5, 119 
dispensat  7,  219 
dispeniatore  1.  91 
dispenso  3,  287 
diiperti  4.  48 
dispenos  15,  151 
dispHceant  14,  65 
displiceat  2, 26 
displicet  13,  2  215 
diiplicuit  6,  495 
disponat  6,  163 
disponere  7,  44 
disponit  6.  490 
dispositis  14.  305 
dissimilem  8,  216 
dissimilemque  10,  192 
dissimiles  3.  18.  15,  68 
dissimules  9.  70 
dissimulet  16,  9 
distentia  3,  97.  13,  122 
disUre  14,  98 
distet  7, 194 
distendat  5.  80 
distendere  6.  598 
distet  11,26 
distinguitur    I,   127.     14, 

289 
distioxit  3.  159 
distulit  10,  249 
diu  4.  51.  5. 160.  6,  2.  8, 

87.  10,243.  14,37 
diversa  3,  268.  6,  257.  10, 

3.  15,94 
divers^  13,  136 
diversae  7,  156 
diverais  4,  148 
diverso  10,  263.  13, 104 
diversum  7,  172 
diversas  7,  156 
dives 2.  60.  3,240.  5,  113. 

6,   162  460.  7,  30.   14, 

176 
divina  3,  207.   10.  125  355 
diviDat  4,  124 
divinonimque  15, 144 


diTitis  1.  110.  6,300.  10, 

24.  14,  329 
divitlarum  1,  112 
divitiasM,  135  238 
divitibos  3,  58.  6.585.11, 

120 
divitia  3,  131.  6,  548.  9, 

102.  11,166.  13,27 
Divoram  6,  114 
dinroi  6,  483 
Divam  6,  393 
Divfimque  13, 31 
dixeru  3,  103 
dixerit  1,   161.  6,  554.  8, 

30.  16,  29 
diximoi  15,  113 
dixisie  4, 36 
dixisaet  10,  124 
dixit  4,65  119.7,214.  8, 

244 
do  7, 165 
doceat  7,  176 
docentis  7, 158 
doces  7, 150.  14. 237 
docet  6.  232  233.  7,  224. 

13,  189.  14, 18  125 
docilet  14,  40 

docU  6,  445 
docte  7,  184 
doctique  7. 215 
doctorisll,  137 
doctus  1.56  57 
docuit  15.  Ill 
dogmata  13,  121 
Dolabella  8,  105 
dolabra  8,  248 
dolato  12,  57 
doleas  5,  157 
dolet3, 102.  11,  188 
dolia  6,  431.    9,  58.    14. 

308 
dolo  13.  146 

dolor  10,315.  11,52.  13,12 
dolorem  13.  131  229 
dolori  10.  315 
dolori8  9,  90 
domat  6. 235 
domestica  9.   17.    10,  95. 

14,  32.  15,  64 

domi  1,120.2.84.  3.165. 

6,  152  357  465.  10, 65. 

11.117.12.10  119.13. 

57 
domibas  3.  303.  6.  607.  8. 

233.  9.  80 
domiD&3.33.  6,376  377 
dominae  6.  423  530.  9, 78 
dominam  6,  30 
dominas  6,  323 
domini2,  98.  4,96.  5,49 

137.  10,269.14,68169 


doiniuqM  3,  73 
doiiiiiiu7,64.   11.U47 
domino  5,  71  SI  93  147 
daminM  6,  4.  8,  65,  S,  1 1 1 
dominam  1,  A1.  3, 131.  4, 

53.   6,416.   8,161.   9, 

46.  10,88 
daninin  5,   137.    7,  170. 

14,145  393 
Domit)  a,  338 
domiliqne  B,  Gl 
domilo  11,  89 
domitoi  10,  109 
domitnm  7.  77 
domoqac  13,  206 
doom  6, 3  335  313.  10,  7. 

15,  153 
domnm  4,  40.  11,  1B9.  13, 

87.   14.  69  148  383 
donui   1,   7.    3,   10   187 

313  334  361.    5,66.   6, 

115.  7.41  184.   8.  100. 

10,399.  11,99  169.  13, 

130.    14,310 
donOi  3,  113.    6.  85  238 

486.   10,  244  343.    13, 

130.    14,359. 
domaum  3|  T3 
doDi,  HOUR,  13,  149.     16, 

57 
doni.    ttrb,   7,    25.      11, 

183 
dantbis  6,  313 
doDftbitur  4,  56 
dotuDdi  6,  303 
doniadi  5. Ill 
douDt  2,  61 
doom  3, 3.  9,  49  59.  10, 

91 
doDarel  5,  133 
doQat3.l33.  6,356 
^Dna>eii(6,519.  7,336 
dcnavii    .  69,     &,  86 
douce  5,  133.   6,484.   10, 

163.    13,  158 


235 
Dorio  4, 40 
Dorida3,94 
dortoki  6, 376 
dormict  3,  341 
doimire  1,  77.   3,  196  281. 

6,  116.  8,  n 
doimiict  1,  17 
dormix  2,  37 


dote  6, 139  109.  14, 321 


TO  J C VENAL. 

daiem  3,  117 

Druw  3,  338 

Drnioniin  8,  40 

Druiat  8,  31 

da*  G,  30 

duu  7,  65.   10.  80 

dubit7,  116.  8,363 

dublam  11,179 

dabi£6,  375.   14,  111 

dubii  13,  134 

dubiii  5,  22 

dubiO  6,  306 

dubitibit  lii,  43 

dubiiaot  b,  104.  9,  110 

ilubilarel  IS.-iUO 

dubilu  3.  136 

dubiut  9, 99 

dabiuluri  4,  GO 

dubilcmne  I,  103 

dabilu  16,  89 

dubiwiB,  213.   13,  97  IS3 

dubiam  7,  110.   10,  62 

dubiui  14,  136 

due  10,  65 

ducat  1,33.    7,337.     13, 

153 
docttur  12,  113 
Aatt  10,  147 
duccm  10.  IG8 
ducends  10.  340 
duccndi  6,  201 
■iucenln?  7     30 
duccie  13, 9 
ducerii  5,  135 
duc«a,tisun.  7,  115.    8,  13 
duMl  6,  583 
ducibu  6,  400.     13,  108. 

IS,  40 
duci>niu7,49.    12,3.    11, 

30 
dudi,  nmin,  3.  104.   7,21. 

16,58 
diicit,  verb,  6,  38 
ducit  3,  81.    6.  338.     14. 

188 
dncilur  1, 146.  6,438,  10, 

66 
duel*  13,  216 
ducli  10,  35) 
ductia  15,91 
duclDS  13,  10 
ducDDl  13,65.  14,36 
dudnm  3,   129  317.     10, 

333 
dnclli  1, 169 
dulce  9,  88 
duIc«lmi7.39B4 
dulccm  6,  3B 
dulciDr5,  139.    13,  1 
dulciquc  13,  185 
dnm  1.60.  G,  119,  6,  176. 


9. 128  tune*.  10,88.  II, 

G  &c. 
dummodo  T,  322  225.    B, 

269.  13,94 
dumque  11,6 
duo  4, 109.  6,338.  7,187. 

9,142.  14,33.  16.34 
duoi  5,  IG.    6,  641  643. 

14,336 
dura  6,  173 
durB2,  11 
duraqoe  6.  290 
durit  6,  379 
durile  9,  69 
durel  10,  2G4 
duri9,  39.  11,  IGl 
duriar3,  165.    8,  1B9 
duriui  3,  1S2 
duro  3,  245 
duroqaa  3,  170 
duroi  6,  103 
durniD  6,  9B  377 
duiuniquc  11,  90 
dux  4,  145 


cudem  14, 113 

c>t6.63l 

ebore  14,308 

aborii  11,  132 

ebm  6,  300 

ebrius  3.  378.   15,  24 

cbur8,  103.    II,  133.   12, 

113 
cbnrou  13,  139 
cbuniD  10,  43 
ecce3,  129.   4.1.   5,  166. 

6,511.   8,203.   12,34 
•cbioi  4, 143 
EchioD  6, 76 
cdun  1,31.    14,317 
ede  3.  74  396 
cdendi  *.  139 
cder«  7,  196.    10,  361 
ed*r«t3,  123 
cducere  14,  134 
ediicunt  14.  101 
edltG,  147  148.  15,80  88 
edit!  4, 141 
educat  IS,  70 
cducit  6.  469 
iduut  3.  36 
ediui)  10,  236 


476 


VERBAL  INDEX 


effert  6,  182 
effice  14,  323 
efficiuQt  16,  21 
effigiem  1,  131.  11, 106 
effigiemque  6,  310 
eflSgies  8,  9  22  227.  13, 

119.  15,4 
effodit  16.  38 
effundere  3,  277.  5,  159 
effunderet  2,  33 
effuderit  13,  67 
efTudit  8,  205 
effugiatque  11,204 
effugientem  1 1 ,  55 
effugies  14,  157 
effugit  9,  150.  10,  78 
effundit4,  43.  14,230 
eifundunt  6,  190 
effusis  6,  164 
egeat  7,  229 
egent  15,  147 
egentis  14,  137 
Egeriae  3,  17 
egestas  15,  96 
eget7,62.  13,97.  14,288 
egimuK  7,  125 
egisti  7,  122 
egit8,  187 

ego  1,  1   51  52  80  &c. 
egregiam  14,  256 
egregias  10,  17 
egregii  10,  296 
egregios  10,  95 
egregium  7,53.  13,64.  14, 

115 
egregias  8,  28.  12,  41 
egregius,   comparative,    II, 

12 
egressa  11,  184 
egressi  6,  635 
eidem  14,  122 
ejectis  3,  16 
ejectum  13,242 
eisdem  14,  30 
ejusdem  4,  94.  12,  26 
elapsum  4,  52 
elatam  14,220 
Electrae  8,218 
electro  14,  307 
elegos  1,  4 

elementa  11.  14.  14, 123 
elementis  14,  17 
eleroento  15,  86 
elenchos  6,  459 
elephanti  12,  102 
elephantos  10,  150 
eliceret  7,  212 
elige  10,  329 
Elissae  6,  435 
elixi3,294.  13,86 
eloquio  7,  139.   10,  118 


eloquiam7, 19.  10, 114 

Elpenora  15, 22 

elusus  11,9 

eluviera  3, 32 

emat  5,  98 

ematar  6,  152 

erne  14,  252 

emeodus  1,  134.  9,66 

emere  4,  47 

eroeret  7,  76 

eroergunt  3, 164 

emeril  4,  7 

emerita  6, 498 

emetar  6,  213.  11,36 

emi  4,  26 

eminus  7,  128 

emis  2,  41 

emit  2,  6.  4,  15  22 

emittere  15,  67 

emitnr  6,  140  466 

emolumenta  3,  22.  16,  35 

emtor  12,  47 

em  torque  8,  17 

emtos  11,  145 

emturus  7,  133 

emtus  5,  60 

emundat  14,  67 

emuDgeris  6,  147 

emuDtur  11,  16 

en  2,  72.  6,  531.  9,  50 

£DceIadi7,215 

enduperator  10,  138 

enduperatorem  4,  29 

endromidas  6,  246 

eDdromidem  3,  103 

Endymion  10.  318 

enim  1,89.  7,  125.  11,30 

&c. 
Ennosigsum  10,  182 
ense  1,  165 
enthymema  6,  450 
eodem3.205.  10,42.  14,6 
ephebis2, 164 
ephebum  \0,  306 
l^iXxtreu  9,  37 
ephemeridas  6,  574 
Epicure  14,  319 
Epicurum  13,  122 
epimenia  7,  120 
epirhedia  8,  66 
epislola   4,   149.     10,   71. 

16,5 
Eponam  8, 157 
epotaque  10,  177 
epulas4,  28.  11,  88 
epulis  5,  173 
epulum  3,  229 
equas  6,  626 
equarum  8,  108 
eques  8,  238 
equestri  3,  154 


eqiutant6, 311 

equitem  9, 10 

equites  7,  14.  10,  95.  14, 

326 
eqniteique  7,  15 
equitii  6, 279 
eqaitum  4.  32.  6. 625.  8,8 
eqvos  1,20.  7,  67 
equum  8»  58 
equus  11,  103 
erecta  6,  507 
erectas  4,  128 
erectique  11,  149 
erectum  11,  89 
erepet  6, 526 
ereximus  1, 114 
erexit  1,  94.  10.  139.  12, 

91  '^ 

erga  6,  389 
ergtstula  6,   151.  8,    180. 

14,24 
ergo  1,3  15.  10,  346&c. 
engit  8,  206 
Erimarchus  3, 120 
EriDoys  7,  68 
EriphylflB  6,  655 
eripiat  8,  95 
eripient  3,  238 
eripietur  8, 109 
eripuit  10. 127.  15,  161 
errat  6, 101 
errorem  8,  165 
errores  13,  188 
erroribus  14, 15 
erroris  10,  4 
eruboit  10,  326 
emcis  9,  134 
escaria  12,  46 
E8quilias3,71.5,78.11.51 
esse  15.  102 
esuriens  3,  78.    7.  7.   13, 

99.  14.  127 
esurit  7,  87 

et6,  126.  7.  167&C.&C. 
etenim  8,  111.  16,  4 
Etruscum  5.  164 
et«il,113.7,  194.  12,119 
evadere  12, 35 
Evandrum  11,  61 
evaserit  12,  122 
evasi  12,  18 
evasisse  13,  193 
evasit  9.  66 
evehit  1,38 
eveDtum  11,  196 
e  versa  10, 266 
eversis  11.  101 
eversum  3.  258 
everteotibus  12,31 
evert^re  10, 7 
evertit  10,  108 


TO  JUVENAL. 


477 


Eogandi  8,  16 

evoe  7.  63 

Eumenidum  14,285 

eandum  13,  316 

euntem  12,  110 

eunucbi  6,  366 

eanncho  6,  378 

eaDQchum  12^  35 

£iiphr«noris3,217 

Euphntem  1,  104.  8,  51 

Euro  12,  63 

Europen  8,  34 

Eurofi  14,  186 

Euram  10, 180 

Enn]sll,119 

Earvalum  6,  81 

tx  2,  36.  3,  139.  4,  134. 

5,   134.  6,  451.  7,  216. 

9,83.  10,39  63.   11,55 

117   124    132.    13,  24. 

14,  40  204 
ex  quo  1,  81.  6,  294.  10, 

77.  14,261 
erequet  12,  130 
eiamenve  13,  68 
exagitare  6,  29 
exagitata  2,  88 
exanJmes  13,  224 
exarsit  6,  103 
exaadiet  10,  214 
exaudita  10,  111 
excaodait  10,  327 
exceiss  10,  106 
exceiti  5,  83 
excepit  6,  125 
excerpere  6,  62 
excidet  4,  127 
excipiant  7,  195 
exctpiat  16,  3 
excipiat  6,  409.  8,  250 
excipitur  11,  3 
excitat  3. 262.  14,  191 
excitet  6,  196 
exdamare  6,  423.  8,  29 
exclamas  13,  112 
exclamat  3,  292 
excludetor  6,  214 
exclusi  4,  64 
excusat  15, 115 
excusaturos  16,  28 
excussos  16, 10 
excutias  6,  143 
exeat  3,  153 
cxegit  10,  187 
exempla  7,   189.    9,   135. 

10,49.  14,32  120 
exemplis  8,  184.  14,  322 
exemplo  13,  I 
exeiDplam  2,  48  114.   10, 

247.  15,32  98 
•xeo  3,  47 
exercendis  15,  145 


exercere  14,  108.   15,  60  - 
exercitibm  10,  92 
exhalasset  10,  281 
exhausta  8,  90 
exhausUL  6,  363 
exhauBti  9,  59 
exhorruit  8,  196 
exi  6,  146  147  484 
exigat  10,  84 
exigU  13,  36 
exigit6,35.  10,313  314 
exigite  7,  237  238 
exigua5,  85.  14,219 
exiguflB  11,  144 
exiguam  4,  30 
exiguamque  13,  13 
exiguas  11,  131 
exigui  13,  123.  14,  155 
exiguique  13,  190 
exiguis  1,  68.  3,24.  8,66 
exiguam  3,  123 
exiguus  10,  205 
exiguusque  14,  301 
eximie  11,  1 
eximius  10,  21 1 
exire  4,  144 
exit  11,42 
exitns  6,  33.    7.  130  204. 

10,  127  169  271.  11,39 
exodio  6,  7 1 
exodium  3,  175 
exorabile  13,  102 
exorare  9,  138 
exorata  6,  415 
exoiDent  8,  19 
expavere  6,  361 
expediam  10,  220 
expende  10,  147 
expeodere  10,  347 
experiar  1,  170.  13,  103 
experiere  11,56 
expiet  6,  521 
explicat  12,  55 
expositum  7,  54 
exprimat  6,  81 
exsilium  10, 159  276 
exsistuQt  12,  101 
exsorbeat  10,  223 
exsorbes  6,  277 
exspectanda  7,  22 
exspectandus  16,  42 
exspectant  2,   115.   4,  64. 

10.311 
exspectantibus  6,  274 
exspectare  11,  10.  12,  95. 

14,249.  15,83 
exspectas  6,  75  239. 14,25 
exspectat  12,  3 
exspectata  8,  87 
exspectate  9,  69 
exspectatos  6,  371 
exspectatur  6,  488 


exspecteot  1, 109 
exspectet  1,  14.  4,  22.  11, 

162 
exspectet  7, 180 
exspiravit  15, 163 
exspuit  13,  214 
exstantem  10,  37 
exstat  13,  150 
exstinctaB  3,  48 
exstinctus  6,  8.    10,  263. 

13,  206 
exstinguendus  10,  332 
exstiterint  6, 15 
exsucU  8,  90 
exsul  1 ,  49.  6,  470  557 
exsulibua  8,  262.   13, 247 
exsultare  15,  87 
exsultat  8,  59 
exsuperans  10,  13 
exsurgit  6,  305 
exta6,  551.  10,355 
exteodere  2,  107 
extendit  6, 496 
exteuditque  14,  325 
extenditur  11,  167 
extensis  12,  68 
extensum  12,  5 
extentis  6,  459 
extollit  3,  40 
extorquebis  6,  54 
extorUmque  8,  33 
extra  1,  76.   13,  140.   16, 

16 
extreroa  7,  43 
extremi  15,  96 
extremum  10,  358 
extulit  6, 175 
extuodere  15,  168 
exue  11,  188 
exuet  10,  320 
exuit  3,  25.  13,  188 
exundans  10,  119 
exuvis  10,  133 


F. 

Faber  7,  223 
Fabii  6, 266 
Fabiis  2,  146 
Fabios8,  191.  11,90 
Fabius  7,  95.  8,  14 
Fabrateria  3,  224 
fabri  15,  168 
Fabricio  4,  129 
Fabricios  11,91 
Fabriciu8  2,  154.  9,  142 
fabrisH,  116 
fabros  8,  175 
fabrumque  1 ,  54 
fabula  1,  145.  15,  72 
fac  14,  326 


470 


VERBAL  INDEX 


fsLce,pro  fac,  5,  112 

face,  noun,  15,  140 

facem  8,  139 

facere  11,206 

facerent  15, 123 

faceres  6,  282 

faceret  6,  388 

faces  6,  139 

facetus  9, 10 

faciam  3,  41 

faciaot  2,  166.   6,  475.  7, 

14  15  240.  11,176 
facias  8,  179.  14,57 
faciat  12, 127 
facie2,  107.  3,  106.  4,74. 

6,108  401.  7,137.  9,6. 

10,63.  11,54.   16,  11 
faciem  1,97.  3,87  280.  6, 

481.    10,  293.    13,  128 

151 
facienda  15,  108 
faciens9,  117 
facient  I,  119.   2,  66.   5, 

117.  8,  115 
facientque  1,  148 
facientia  11,  179 
facies,  nominative  iinf^lar, 

3,  135.   6,  143  199  462 

473  513.  9,20.   10,  157 

198 
facies,  acauative  plural,  8, 

157.  9,  146.  15,  57 
faciesque,  accusative  plural, 

7,67.  14,291 
faciei  6,  552  617.  9,34 
fadle  3,  31    164.    4,  103. 

9,  43.  13,  75 
facilem  3,  122.  5,  107 
faciles  10,  8 
facili  3,  227.  4.  63 
facilis8,  58.  10.31.  15.47 
facimas  10,  366.   14.  316 
facintis3,  115.  6,640.   10, 

255.  13,  203.  15,  14 
facinusque  6,  294  493 
facis7,  28.  14,71 
facit  1,  79.   2,  57.   3,  53 

242  282.  5.  91   140.   6, 

111   409  596  647  652. 

7,38  57  92  238.  8,215. 

9,  107.  12,  35.   14,  80. 

15,31 
faciuDt  2,  45  163.  3,  299. 

6, 134  173.  8, 1.  12,  50. 

15,  137 
facta  est  6, 186 
factas  12,  44 

facti  6,  271.  13,  193  210 
factis4,  11.  8,25 
facto  3,  162.   10,218 
factum  13,  126 
factum  11,95.  12,56 


facturus  6,  428 

ftictus  5,  70.  6.  157  376 

facuDda  6,  445.  7,  35.   10, 

274.  15,  111 
facuDdia  4,  82.  7,  145.  10, 

10 
facuodo  16,  45 
facundum  8,  48 
fscis  3,  61 
Fssidium  13,  32 
falce  8,  201 
falcem  13,  39 
falcibus  14,  149 
Falernas  6,  150 
Fa]erDi9,  116 
Falemo  4, 138.  6, 303.  IS, 

216 
Falernum  6,  430 
fallaci  13,  4 
fallit  14,  109 
falsas  8, 142 
falsi  2,  65 
fslso  1 ,  98.  6, 604 
falsdl,67 
falsum  16,  32 
falsus8,  82.   14,218 
fama6,  55.  8,71.   15,93 
fama  7,  79.  14,  1 
fam8e6.  500.  7,39.  8,76. 

9,  86.   10,  125  140.   14, 
152 

famam  1,  72.  6,  90  408. 

10,  114.  11,23 
fame  14,  84.  15, 102 
fameque  6,  424 
famelica  14,  146 
famem  4,  138 
famemque  6,  360.  14,273 
fames  5,  10.  14,  318.   15, 

120  131 
famosaque  6,  83 
famoso  15,  46 
famulc  14,  81 
fana  12,  27 

faDaticus2,  112.  4.  123 
fauum  9,  22.  10,  290 
farinc  5,  68 
farra  12,  84.  14,  155 
farrago  1 ,  86 
farraU  11,  109 
farra  6,  386.  9,  122  138 
farris  5,  11 
fas  I,  58.   10,  55  257.   13, 

237 
fas  est  1,131.  6,329  628 
fasce  7,  107 

fasces  8,  260.  10,35  79 
fascia  6,  263.    9,  14.    14, 

294 
fa8cibus5.  110 
fastidia  10,  202.    14,  184 

201 


rastiditll,80 

fastidita  10,  326 

fastiditus  10,  270 

fastigia  3,  39 

fata  3, 274.  6,652.  7,201. 

9,  32.  10,  146 
fatebere  IS,  248 
fateri  3,  59.  IS,  223 
fateris  10,  103 
fatetnr  2,  17.  10,  172.  15, 

132 
fati  7,  200.  16,  4 
fatigatas  3,  25 
faUget  4,  5.  6, 442 
faUs  2,  16.  5,  133.  13, 156 
fate  11,  105.  13,  104.  14, 

137  158 
fatoque  10, 129 
fatorum  7,  190.  10,  t52 
fatuam  6,  658 
iatum  4,  88.  6,  588.  9,  S3 
fatumque  12,  6^ 
fatuot  9,  8 

faudbus  8,  207.  13,212 
faventes  12,  83 
faviaaet  10.  75 
fausti  7, 12 

febrel0,218.  13,229 
febres  10.  283 
febris  9,  17 
fecerat  1,  68 
feceris  8,  41 
fecerit6, 115  222  405.  14, 

50  151 
feci  6,  638 
fecimus  8, 163 
fecisse  3,  231.  6,  456.  14, 

185 
fecisset  4,  12.  6, 619 
fecit  2, 109.  3.  52.  4,  23. 

7.  83.  8,  143  223.  10, 

46 
fecuDda  6,  162 
fecuodam  2,  32 
fecundior6, 177.  7,98 
fecundis  9,  56 
felices  3,  312.  13,  21.  14, 

119 
felicia  2,  38.  3, 312 
felicibus  9,  135 
felicior  10,  3ia  14,  312 
felicis  16, 1 
felicissimus  16,  59 
feliciter2,119 
felix  4,  8.  6.  258.  7,  190 

191   193  202.    10,  248. 

13,187.  14,21 
femina  2.  88.  6,  60  242 

327  362  460.  9.  24.  10, 

323.  13, 192 
femioeis  9,  53 
femineum  6, 246 


TO  JUVENAL. 


479 


femar6.42d.  13,  151 
feiierUll,40  48  183 
fenestra  3. 242 
feoestras  1,  104.  3»  275.  6, 

31 
fenettni  9,  104 
fenestrii  3,  270 
fenoi  9,  140 
fera  15.  160 
fens  11,104 
feimlU  5,  85 
feraniiD  6,  6 

feras,  Mr6,  3. 276.  8,47 
ferat  1,  139.  5,  164.  7,  147 
feratur  1,64 
fenmla  1,  94.  7,  184.   11, 

64 
fere  6,  241.    10,  23.   11, 

1 12.  14, 173 
ferenda  16,  43 
fereodam  13,  143 
fereDi2, 125^6,9 
fereotem  2,  72.  10,  38 
feres -t,  119 
feret  6,  166 
ferUt  7,  55.  13,  93 
fericnda  12,  14 
feriri  6,  417 

ferit  3, 245  twice  270.  6, 429 
feritas  15,  32 
feriuQt  3,  298 
ferme  8,  73.  13,  236 
fermentom  3,  188 
ftrocem  1,  162 
ferod  7, 126 
feroz  12,  7 
ferraU  7, 41 
ferrate  11,26 
ferre  3.  45  60.   5,  170.  6, 

30,  208  399.  7.  17.   10. 

359.  12,  109.   13,  14  21 

120.  14,  SO  198 
ferrea  6,  23.  7,  150 
ferret  3,  251 
ferreusl,31.  11,  129 
ferri,  iMiin,  3,  310.  13,  28 
ferro  3,  305.    5,   115.    6, 

560  660.7,224.10,316. 

11,  140.  12.  54.  14,22 

174 
ferroque  10,  266 
ferrum  6,  112  624.  9,  97. 

15.  73  165 
fert  3,  68 
fertur  2.62.  5,  81.   11,6. 

13,  170 
ferveos  3,  49  283.  6,  631 
fenrentem  10,  301 
fervent!  11,61 
fervet  5,  29  49.  6,  138.  8, 

59 


ferals  1,  15 

ferulas  6, 479 

fernntor  6,  315  648.  7,  64. 

10,237 
festaO,  159.  12,92.  13,23 
festioare  4,  146.  14,  212 
festinat  9,  126.  14,  84 
feftioata  4,  96 
festioo  10,  273 
festis  11,83 
festo  15. 38 
festoruin  3,  173 
festus  12,  2 
fetal4.  167 
fete  13.  66 
fetum  15.  12 
fetus  14,  78 
fiant  6,  145 
fias  10,  167 

fiat  6,  775  25  401.  8,  121 
fibula  6,  73  379 
ficedulas  14,  9 
ficta  6,  272 
ficU  13,  77 
fictile  11,20 
fictilibus  3,   168.     10,  26. 

15.  127 
fic|ilisll,116 
fictos  2,  34 
ficum  14,253 
ficus  10,  145 
fida  6,  545 

fide,  iMiin.  15,  114  118 
fidei  3,  144.  13,  6 
fidem  13.  31 
Fideoarum  10,  100 
Fidenis  6,  57 
fides  1,115.  2,  8.  6,560. 

13,62.   14,166 
fidibus  6,  388 
fidirous  7,  139. 
fiducia6,553.  10,306.  13, 

no.  15,  155 
fient  2,  135  136.  6,  324 
fieres5.  134 
fieri  5,  138.  6,  41  254.   7, 

6.  14,  176  177 
fies  7,  197  198 
fiet  3,  140.  6,  397  508.  9, 

62.  10,311318  320.  14, 

309 
figam  9,  139 
figamus  6,  78 
figantur7,  118 
figatl,23 
fige  5, 12.  9, 94 
figebat  4,  100 
figeodum  11,  28 
figeos  14,  272 
figeotia  14,  2 
figere3,  2 


figttli  4,  135 

figuVis  10,  171 

figuram  6,  341 

filaque  14,  133 

filia  3.110.  5,  139.  9,83. 

14,26 
filiolam  6,  241 
filiolum  6,  390 
filiolus  9,  83 
filius  3,  HI    132   157.    7. 

188.    10,  295.    11,  151. 

13,  141.    14,  49  52  68 
94 

filo  7,  134 
filum  3,  287  ' 
fine  7, 241 

finem  6,  444  527  635.   7, 
188.    10.  163.    13,  241. 

14,  190 

fines  8,  265.  14,  142 

finge  5,  72.  8,  195 

fingentem  15.  18 

fingimns  6,  634 

fingit  13,  132 

finitima  12,  12 

finitimos  15,  33 

finito  1, 117 

finitum  8,  150 

finitus  1,  6 

finzerunt  9,  109 

finxit  14,  35 

fisci  4,  55 

fiscus  14,  260 

fit  4,  98 

fiunt  2.  162  167.  5,   158. 

6,229.  10,64.   11,134. 

12,22.  14,117 
fixa3,304.  13,240 
fixis  12,  100 
fixo  1, 156 
Flaccus  7,  227 
flagelH  5,  154 
flagellis  10,  180.  14,  19 
flagello  6,  479 
flagellum  2,  169.    8,  151. 

13,  195 
flagitio  13,  244 
flagra5,  173.  10,  109 
flagrabat4, 114 
flagrante  1,  152 
flagrantem  14,  245 
flagranti  3,  139 
flagrantia  13,  182 
flagrantior  13,  1 1 
flamea  2, 124.  6, 225 
flameolo  10,  334 
Flaminia  1, 171 
Flaminiam  1,  61 
flammaruro  3,  285 
flammas  8,  233 
flanunis  10, 266.  11,63 


480 


VERBAL  INDEX 


fltfam  6.  354.  13,  164 

flavi  5,  115 

Flavins  4.  37 

6avo  6,  120 

flebat  10,  30 

aebile  13,  B4 

6ectasl3,  144 

flentem  7,  146 

6et  3,  101 

6etu  15. 136 

aetumque  6.  276 

6exi  6,  493 

flexisse  9,  20 

flexit  I,  20 

6exu  3,  237 

Flora  2,  49 

Flora  14,  262 

Florali  6.  250 

Borentibus  8,  99 

flores  15,  50 

flos  5,  56 

6osculus  9,  127 

fluctibus  10,  186 

fluctu  11,94.   12,30 

6uctum  6,  322 

fluctuque  14,  296 

fluctui  6, 92 

6uiniDa3.31.   10,  177 

fluminis  15,  7 

fluxerit  13,  69 

fluxit  6, 295 

focis4,  65.  11»79 

focos  12,  85.   15,  83 

foculum  3,  262 

focum  5,  97 

foderit  9,  45 

foeda  3,  148.  6,  132  461. 

14,64 
fcedseH,  152 
fcedere  7,  123 
foedior  4,  1 4 
fcedis  8,  183 
foedius  2,  82 
fcddo  8,  225 
fcedum  7,  5.  14,  44 
fceno  11,  70 
fcsnoque  6,  542 
fotnumque  3,  14 
foliata  6,  465 
folium  8,  126 
folle  14,  281 
foUem  13,  61 
fo1le8  7.  111 
follibus  10,  61 
fonslO,  119.  12,41 
fonte  6,  286  554 
Fonteio  13,  17 
fontem  14,  104 
fontibus  7, 59 
fontis  3,  13 
fora2,  52.  6,68.   13,  135 


foras  5,  126 

forcipibus  10,  131 

fore  13.  200 

foreDt  4,  48  140 

fores  6,  227 

foret  2,  158.    10,  75  103 

263.  12,30 
fori  16,  47 
foribus  9,  85 
foricas  3,  38 
foris  9,  77 
forma  5,  61.   6,   178.    10, 

324 
forma  6,  103 
formsB  10,  297 
formam  10,  289 
formantque  6,  244 
formica  6. 361 
forroidat3,  176 
formidatos  6,  559 
formidine  13,  106.  15,  77 
formosa  6,  162  465.   13,  43 
formoaam  6,  186 
forroosissimus  10,  331 
fomace  3,  309 
fomacula  10,  82 
fonuce3, 156.  11,  171 
fomicis  10,  239  m 

foro4,7.  10,25.  11,60 
forsan  6, 14.  12,  125 
forsitan  1,  150.  5,  156.  8, 

113.  11,162.  14.34  295 
fortasse  4,  25.  6,  27  600. 

13,  103.  15,  15 
fort^  3, 278.  6,  642.  7. 156 

232.  11,119.   13,217 
fortem  6,  97.  10,  357 
fortes  9,  142 
fortia  8,  57 
fortibus8, 122 
fortior3, 292.    12,66.    15, 

161 
fortis  4,  3.  16,  59 
fortuitu  13,  225 
fortuna  3,40.   6,287  605. 

7,  197.  9,  148.  10,  285 

366.  12,29.  14,316  328 
fortuni  6,  593.  8,  74 
fortunae    10,  52.    11,   174. 

13,  10  20  86.    14,  90. 

15,95 
fortanam  10,  73.  16,  34 
fortunas  14,  113 
fortunatam  10,  122 
forulos  3,  219 
forum  1,  128.  7,  132 
fossa  2,  10 
fossor  11,  80 
fovet  6.  606 
fovetur  6,  468  471 
fovisti  8,  165 


frtcU  3.  111.  6.532  618. 

10.  134.  11,18 
fractU  14, 161  296 
fractum  5,  68 
fraga  13,  57 
fragUet  6,  344 
fragiU  12,  88 
fragor  11, 195 
frameam  13, 79 
frange  7,  27 

frangebat  8,  247.   11,102 
frangenda  8,  18 
frangendaa  10,  200 
frangerelO,  102.  15,9 
fraDget  7, 219 
frangimus  10,  156 
(rangis  8,  136 
frangit  6,  479 
fraogitur  11,  189 
franguntor  10,  60 
frater  5, 135 
fraterculus  4,  98 
fratres  5, 137 
fratribus  14,  169 
fratris  10,  242 
fratnim  10,  260 
fraude  13,  71 
fraudem  13,  201 
fraudes  13,  24.  14,  229 
fraudisque  13,  174 
fregeris  14,  309 
fregenint  6,  299 
fregit7,86.    14,93 
fremat  8,  37 
fremeret  5,  78 
freroitu  6.  261.  14,  247 
frena  2,  169.    6,  88.    10, 

45  128 
frequentes  13,  246 
fricU  4,  33 
frictus  6,  578 
fngida  1.166.  5,23.  6,2. 

14,300 
frigidior  5, 50 
frigidus  6,  325 
frigora  14,318 
frigore4,  44.  11,75  146 
frigusque  6,  360 
fritillo  14,  5 
frivola  3,  198.  5,  59 
frondibus  6,  6 
froDs8,  189.  11,96 
fronte  5,  44.  6,  503.  9,2. 

11,205.  13,242.  15,50 
frootem  6,  616.  6, 203.  13, 

216.  14,56 
froDtemque  6,  583.  12,  6 
fronUbas  2,  85.  12,117 
front]  2,  8 
FrontoDis  1,  12 
fhiatur  11,  171 


TO  JUVENAL. 


481 


fnietu  6,  14.  7,  108.  d,  6 

fnierif  6,  153 

fnigalios  6,  6 

fnigi3,167.  4,23.  14.111 

fruitur  1,  49 

framemi  7. 176.  14,29S 

frameotum  5.  118 

Frusinone  3,  224 

frusta  6,  68.  14,  128.   15, 
79 

fimstra  3,  210 

fhutom  II,  142 

fniticaote  9,  15 

fudit  3, 258 

foerant  11,72 

faerat  5,  76 

fuerit  8,  151 

fiieruQt  8. 254 

fuga  8,  61 

fugi  2.  144 

fugc  15,  75 

fugere  2,  1 

Ibgere  6,  20 

fugeret  15,  172 

fugeraot  2,  64 

fagiam  3,  59  81 

fogieoda  14,  36 

filgiens  13,  40 

fogientem  9,  74 

fugientibus  1 1,  52 

fugit  6,  253  339.   8,  206. 

10,160 
fugitivis  8, 174 
fugitivnm  4,  50 
Ibgitivus  13,  1 1 1 
fuissent  6,  642 
fait  2,  83.  3,  23  137.    4, 
139.  5,57.  8,  274  275. 
10,83  247.  11,  78.  13, 
5&  14,  29  105 
fttlcri  6,  22 
folcram  11,  95 
fulgebat  11,  108 
folgere  10,  212 
Ivlget  8,  42 
folgura  6,  587.    13,  223. 

14.292 
fulgnris  12,  17 
fiiligiDe  2,  93.  5,  35.  10, 

130 
fiiligo  7,  227 
fulmiDa  3,  145.  7,163.  13, 

78 
falmioc  6,  92 
fblserit  7,  140 
falta  7,  182 
fultam  3,  193 
fultusque  3.  82 
famabant  14,  171 
fumaot  1, 156.  8,  199 
fmnat  5,  1 16 


fumo  3,  249 
fumoque  6,  131 
fumosos  8,  8 
fumuBque  1,  120 
functus  11,  88 
fundat  5.  142 
fundite  12,  37 
fundo  3,  108.  4,  141 
funem  12,  5.  14,  266  292 
funera  4,  109.  8,  192.  10, 

241.  13,  131 
funere  6,  565 
funesta  1,  113 
fuDestat  8,  18 
fuogi  6,  146 
fuous  1,  146.    3,  43.    10, 

259.  11,44.  15,  138 
fur  2,  26.  3,  47 
furem  6,  17.  13,  23 
furentis  6,  511 
furere  6,  615 
furibus  8.  174 
Furiae  13,  51 
furiosus  3,  291 
funt  14.  63 
furnos  7,  4 
furor  1.  92.  2,  18.  8,  97. 

hk  136  284.  15,  36  100 
furtisll,  144 
furtiva  12,  120 
furtivae  1,  10 
furva  12,  104 
fusa  7,  169 
Fasci  12,  45 
fu8cioa2,  143 
Fuscine  14,  1 
Fusco  16,  46 
Fuscu8  4,  112 
fuso  1 1 ,  69 
fuste  9,  98 
fustes  6,  416 
fusum  2,  55 
futura  10,  353 
fiituri  3,  72.  6,  556 

G. 

Gabiis  3, 192.  6,  56.  7,  4 
Gabiorumque  10,  100 
Gadibus  10,  1 
Gaditanall,  162 
Gictula  10,  158 
Gstulaque  14,  278 
Gstulice  8,  26 
Gaetuluin  5,  59 
G«tulus5,  63.  11,  140 
Galba  5,  4.  8,  222 
Galbam  2,  104.  8,  5 
Galbaua  2.  97 
galeft  5,  154.   6,  108.   8, 
203 

3q 


galec6,  262.  11,6 
galeam  2,  130.  8,  124.  14, 

261 
galeata  6,  252 
galeatum  1.  169.  8,238 
galero6,  120.  8,208 
Galla  1,  125  126 
Galle  16,  1 
galli  9, 107.  13.  233 
Galii  8.  176.  9.  30 
Gallia?,  16  148.  15,111 
Gallicu8  8,  116.  13,  157 
gallina  3,  91.  5,  124.   11, 

134 
galliDse  13,  141 
gallinam  12,  96 
galliDaria  3,  307 
Gallisll,  113 
Gallita  12,99 
Gailite  12.  113 
ganeo  1 1 ,  58 
Gangem  10,  2 
gaoDit  6,  64 

Ganymedem  5,  59.  9,  22 
y^  9.  37 
garrula  12,  82 
gaude  6,  597 
gaudeat8.  13 
gaudebis  13,  247 
gaudebit  5,  143 
gaudent  9,   136.     10,  67. 

12.  81. 
gaudentit  8,  225 
gaudere  6. 232.  15.  84 
gauderet  11,  103 
gaude8  9.  84.   14,270 
gaudet  6. 75  102  209  379 

420.   7.    105.    10,  292. 

13.  192.  14,  18 
gaudia  1,  86.  6,  189  365 

602.  8,   47.  9,   19.   10, 

51  204.  15.  41 
Gaurana  8,  86 
Gaurus  9.  57 
gelantur  6,  95 
gelida  3,  190 
gelidaque  5.  63 
gelidas  7,  206 
gelidasque  5.  77 
gelido  10,217 
gelidos  3,  322 
gemat  6,  267 
gemeret  7,  71 
gemimus  3.  214.  15.  138 
geminis  6.  305 
geniinos  II,  105 
geminum  5,  69 
gemit  2,  90 
gemitu  13,  130 
gemituf  6,  271.  8,98.  13, 

II 


482 

gemma  1,  68 
gemmaque  13,  138 
gemiDie  1 ,  29 
gemmas  5,  41  43.  6,  458 
gemroata  10«  27 
genas  10,  193 
geoer  3,  160 
genere  2,  129.  8,  31 
generi  15,  132 
generis  8,  6.  13,  159 
generosa  8,  57 
geneross  14,  81 
generose  6,  124 
generosi  8,  224.  12,  40 
generosior  2,  145 
generosum  8,  30 
generosus  7,  191 
generum  10,  112 
geDesi  6,  579 
genesis  14,  248 
genialis  4,  66.  10,  334 
genibus  6,  526 
genis6.  131.  15,  58 
genitalia  6,  514 

geniti  14,  40 
genitrix  16,  6 

genitus  10,  129 
genium  6,  22  562 

gens  3,  58  86.  15,98 

gente  6.  176.  8,  239.  12, 
104.  13,207 

gentem  8,  18  273 

gentes  15,  10 

gentibus  13,  171 

gentilia  3,  64 

gentis  3,  121.  8,  115.  10, 
332 

genua  10,  55 

genuinum  5,  69 

genait  10,  236 

genus  6,  449  556.  7,  105 
155.  8,  131.  9,  27.  10. 
219.  12,  24.  15,  69 
171 

Geometres  3,  76 

Germani  13,  164 

Germanicus  6,  205 

gessisti  6,  614 

gesta  15,28 

gestamen  2,  99 

gestare  13,  198 

gestetur7,179 

gestibus  6,  72 

gestis  14,  314 

gestu  5,  124 

Geticis  5,  50 

gibboque  10,  309 

gibburo  10,294 

gibbus  6,  109 

gigantum  4,  98 

Gillo  1,  40 


VERBAL  INDEX 

gingiva  10.  200 

glacialem  2,  1 

glacie  5,  104.  6,  522 

glaciem  14,  186 

glacies  4,  42 

gladiator  2.  144.  6,  110 

gladii  10,  164 

gladiis  4,  96 

gladio  8. 243.  10,  345.  13, 

25 
gladios  8,    195.    10,   123. 

15,  168 
gladiosque  10,  131.  14,162 
gladium  10,  20 
gladiumque  8,  123 
glandero  6,  10 
glandis  13,  57 
Glaphyrus6,77 
glebamque  12,  85 
glebula  14.166 
gloria  5,  111.    7,  81  twice 
118.  10,   143   159   187. 
13,98 
glutisse  4,  28 

y^S^i  11,27 
gobio  11,37 

Gorgone  12,  4 

Gorgonei  3,  118        •* 

Gracchi  2,  143 

Graccho  8,210 

Gracchorum  6,  168 

Gracclios2,  24 

Gracchum  8,  201 

Gracchus  2,  117 

graciles  6,  466.  12,  87 

gradibus  3.  200 

Gradive  2,  128 

Gradivus  13,113 

gradus  11,46 

Graecam  3.  61 

Grffce6.  187  191  193 

Grfecia  10,174.  14.240 

Gr£cis6,  16.  14,89 

Gra*corum  3.  114 

Gr&cos3,206 

Grscnla  6,  186 

Grsculus  3,  78 

Graiaeque  8,  226 

Graiasll,  100.  15,110 

Graiusque  10,  138 

gramine  8,  60 

graminis  12,  40 

grammatici  6,  438 

grammaticus  3, 76.  7,216 

grande  4,  115.  6,  169  517 
636.  11,  123.  12,  127. 
13,  54.  14,  281 

grandes  14,  171  195.  16, 
14 

grandi  6,  79.  7,  110.  12, 
14 


gnndit  6, 155  302  645.  9, 

51.  11,70.  13,147 
granine  5,  78 
grandis  7,  210.  10,71 
grassator  3,  305 
graasatur  14,  174 
grata  3,  66 
grate  14,  183 
gratam  11,  182 
gratia  8,  64.  13,  4 
gratoque  6,  384 
gratulor  15,  86 
gratum  3,  4.  14,  70 
gratus  12,70 
grave  7,  71.  10.  325.   14. 

248 
graves  3,  309.  11,  127 
gravi6,  421 
gravior  6,  434.  16,  22 
graviora6,  134.  15,29 
graviore  13.  175  227 
graviorem  8.  209 
gravis   1.  25  163.    6,  99 

147  270  418  511.9,  12. 

10,201226.  11,41.  13, 

197 
gravitas  6,  178 
graviter  12,23 
gravius  15.  119 
grege  6.  533  twice.  9,  143. 

10,94.  11,  66.  12,116. 

15,  143 
greges  6,  1 75 
gregibus  1,  46.  6,  161 
greroio  2,  120.  3,  176.  7, 

215 
gremium  5,  142.  14,  327 
grez  2.  79.  8,  108 
grue  13.  170 
grunnisse  15,  22 
gula  1,  140.  5,94.  15,90 
gulft  5,  158.  11,  39.   14. 

10 
gulosum  11,  19 
gurgite  2, 150.  5, 100.  14, 

280 
gurgitibus  13,  70 
gurgitis  3,  26(5 
Gurgitis  6.  266 
gustat  15.  92 
gustaverit  14,  85 
gustus  11,  14 
gutta  1 1 ,  54 
gutto3,  263.  11,  158 
gsttur  6,  105.  13,  162 
gutture  1,156 
gutturis2,  114 
GyarsB  10.  170 
Gyaris  1,73 
gymnasia  3,  1 15 
gypso  2,  4 


TO  JUVENAL. 


483 


H. 

HabeS,  188.  5,118 

habeaot  8,  327 

habeas  5,  137. 14, 207.  16, 

24 
habeat  2,  39.  6,448. 13, 34 
habebat  5,  151.  9,  3 
habebatur  5,  111 
habebis  11,60 
habebit  6,  562  656 
habenas  14,  230 
babendos  15,  37 
habendam  11,  93.  13, 118. 

14,254 
babeot6,  61.  13,83 
habentem  5,  46 
habere  1,  129.   10,  90.   14, 

207 
haberi  3, 272.  8, 24.  10, 92 
kabes  8,  200.   9,  87.   10, 

365.  14,315 
habet  1,  40.   3,  122  144 

152  267.   4, 125.  5,  19. 

6,  152  181  197  240  268 

358.   7.  74  75  189.    8, 

141.  10,72297  323.  11, 

68.  12,95.  13,  194  210. 

14,140.  15,  110 
habetar8,  141.  11,  1 
habitasl,  144.  14,268 
habitat  14,  92 
habiUtas  15, 152 
habitatorem  14,  312 
habito  14»110 
habitum  2,  72.  9,  20 
babitttt  2,  124.  6,  267.  8, 

202.  11,  149 
habitOs  3,*180 
habitus  aecus.  plural,  3,  177 
habuere  6,  13.  10,  278 
habuit  3,  208.  10. 140  294 
hcdos  11,  153 
hedulus  11,66 
Haemo  3,  99.  6,  198 
hcremus  6,  281 
hierens  3,  233 
bsreret  7, 227 
hasres  3,  135 
hsret2,  137.  3,  248.  11, 

54 
haraerat  4,  41 
hcsaram  14,  2 
hcsuri  10,  144 
halitus  10,  238 
Hamillus  10,  224 
hamis  14,  305 
Hammonis  6,  555 
Haonibal  6,  291.  7,  161 
Hanmbalem  6,   170.     10, 
147 


Hannibali  12,  108 
haruspez  6,  397  550 
haruspice2,  121 
ha8ta3,33.  11,  106 
bastamque  13,  82 
hastile  7,  127 
bauds,  164.  13,  200  &c 
bausit  3,  85 
haustu  3,  227 
bebetes  8, 137 
hebetill,  140 
becatombea  12,  101 
Hectore  10,  259 
bederis  7,  29 
Hedymeles  6,  383 
Heliadum  5,  38 
Heliodorus  6,  373 
Helvidiuftque  5,  36 
Helvinam  3,320 
Heracleas  1 ,  52 
herba  3,  20 
berbl  12, 12 
herbflB  1 1 ,  66 
berbas  15,  99 
berboso  3,  173 
Hercule  5, 125 
Herculeo8,  14.  14,280 
Herculeos  13,  82 
Herculis  2,  20.   3,  89.    10, 
361.   13,  43  151.  14,  90 
heredem  6,  39 
heredes  10,  237.  12,  95 
heres  1,41.  3,  161.  6,218 

600.  9,  87.  14.  4 
beri  3,  23 
Herms  8,  53 
hernia  6,  326 
Hernicus  14,  180 
Hesperidum  14,  114 
besternse  9, 44 
hesternum  14,  129 
heu  2,  159 
hiantia  15,  57 
hiat  10,  231 
hiatu6.  636.  11,  123 
biatam  3,175  195 
hiberos  7,  221 
hibernum  6, 522 
hie  1,  160  &c. 
bic,  adverb,  2,  167  6cc. 
hilaremque  15,  41 
hilares  11,  176.  12,65.  13, 

62 
hiDc  1,  65.   8,  195.  14,  13 

45 
Hippia6,82  104  114.    10, 

220 
Hippolyto  10,  325 
Hippomanes  6,  133 
Hirpini  8,  63 
Hirrus  10,  222 


hirfuto2,41.  5,155 

hiruDdinis  10,  231 

hiscere  5,  127 

Hispaniad,  116.  10,151 

hispida  2,11 

Hispo  2,  50 

HispuUa  6,  74 

Hispulli  12,  11 

Hister  2,  58 

historia2.  103.  1,175 

historiarura  7,  98 

historias  6,  450.  7,  231 

historico  7,  104 

histrio  7,  90 

Histrum  12,  111 

hoc  6, 224  657.  14, 153&C. 

hodie  3,  23.    11,  56   150 

177  195.  13.47 
Horoericus  13,  113 
Horoero  7, 38.  10, 246.  15, 

69 
Homerum  6, 437 
bomicida  2,  26 
homine  15,  174 
hoDiiDem  3,  75.  10,  69 
homines  1,  85.    2,  167.   3, 
153.  5,  131.   6,  12  333 
596.  9,  32.  10,  346.  14, 
184.  15.70  117 

homini  1,  134.  15,  165 

homiDis6,  47  221.   10,271 

bominum  6,  342.  10,  48 
173.  13,  31  243.  14, 
276.  15,  103 

homo  5,  161.  6,  222  284. 
10,  360.  14,  112 

homuncio5,  133 

bonesta  6,  95 

honesti  3,  52 

hone»tis3,21.  6,  444 

honestius  5,  10 

honestos  6,  239 

honestum  4,  86 

honor  1,  117 

hooore  11,  87 

honorem  5,  136.  6,  632. 
7,88 

boDores  8,  69.  10,  104 

honori  1,  110 

honoris  3,  178.  8,  150 

honorum  10,  57 

bora  6,  577  681.  11,  205. 
16.4 

hora  7,  222.  10,  76 

boras  10,216 

Horatius  7,  62 

hordea  8,  164 

horise,  183 

horreat6,  183 

horrendaque  12,  15 

horrendus  6,  485 


484 


VERBAL  iND£X 


horreoti  1,93 

horrere  3,  7 

horreres2,  122 

borret  3, 265 

horrida  2,  57.    3,  212.   8, 

116.  9»12.  10,298.  14, 

242.  15.44 
horridior  6,  10 
hortatur  14,  121 
borti  3, 228.  6, 375.  13, 123 
bortis  6,  488.  7,   79,   10, 

334.  14,319.  15,  10 
borto6,18.  11,78.  14,172 
boitos  I,  75.  10, 16 
bortulus  3,  226 
hospesS,  137.  11,62 
boflpite  14,  59 
bospitio3,  211 
bospitis  8, 161. 
bospitium  3,  166.  7,  70 
bostem  10,  86 
bostill,  107.   13,  169 
bostia  11,  85.    12,  5.  13, 

235.  15,  119 
bostibus  15,  100 
bamana  14,  264 
buman^  13,222.  14,98 
bnmane  14,  175 
bumanas  10,  163 
bumani  13, 159 
brnnanis  10,  137.  15,  13 
bumaDO  15,  132 
bumanum  6,  556 
buroeris  10,  39 
baroerol,27.    6,491.    10, 

227 
bumeroque  8,  4 
bumi  8,  78 

bumida  2,  158.  11,  186 
bumiles6,  414.  8,44 
bumili  3,  39.  9,  48 
bumilis  6,  287.  11,67  169 
bumor  10,  32 
bumore  13,  133 
bumuni  15,  63 
Hjacinthos  6,  110 
bydri  7,  70 
byemes  4,  92 
byems  4,  68 
Uylas  1,  164 
Ilymetto  13,  185 
byperboreum  6,  470 

I.   J. 

16,306.  10,  166  310.   12, 

57 
jaceat  6,  580.  7,  79 
jacebat  4,  9  120.   14,  167 
jacebit  I,  136.  10,206 
jacens  6,  36  126 


jacentem  8,  173.  15,  43 
jacet  6,  269  279  439  694. 

10.86  205.  15,6 
jactabo  12,  90 
jactare  3,  106.  8,  6.  13, 22 
jactaret  I,  62.  4,  118 
]actat  6,  236 
jactata  14,  265 
iaclatur  12,  52 
jactetur  8,  208 
jactu  12,  33 
jactura  3,  125.  6,  91.  13, 

177 
jactura)  13,  8 
jacuit  2,   120.  6,  476.   10, 

288.  12,  62 
jacula  8,  124 
jaculator  7,  193 
jaculetur  I,  11 
jaculum  5,  155 
jam  1,5.    3,  198.    11,204 

&c. 
jamjam  6,  628 
jamque  3,  206.    6,  26  377 

385  488.  8,  97 
jaindudum  3,  317 
jarone  10,  28 
jampridem  3,  62.   6,  516. 

10.77 
Jaoe  6,  394 
jaDiia  3,  4.    6,  79  215.   7, 

42.  12,  91.    13,  129  146 
Janum  6,  386 
larbae  5,  45 
lasoD  6, 153 
iaspis  5, 42 
ibat4,  104.  11,88 
Iberioie  6,  53 
ibi6,324.  11,  174  &c. 
ibidem  5,  40 
Ibio  15,  3 

ibit  3,  78.  6,  527  576 
Icterics  6,  565 
ictum  12,  17 
ictus  4,  121.  5,  125.6,  126 

261 
Idrci  3,  138  • 

Idieis  13,  41 
Idacum  II,  192 
idcirco  9,  123 
idem  6,  217.  10,  331  &c. 
ideo  3.  47.    7,  143  144.   8. 

251.     11,  135.     13.  89. 

15,  143 
idoneus  14,  71 
Idumaes  8,  160 
jecur  1,  45.  5, 114.  6,648. 

7,  117.  13,  117 
jejuna  5,  10.  10,  232 
jejunum  15,  51 
ignava  14,  106 


igDtvum  7.  105 

ignavus  3,  272 

igne  15.  140 

ignem  3,  214  253.    4,61. 

14, 244.  15,  84 
igneroque  6,  3 
igoes6,624.  10,61.13,146 
igni  14, 285 
igoiculom  3,  102 
ignis  1,134.  12,19.  13,226 
ignobilis  4,  104.  8,  237 
ignominiam  8,  209 
igoor4sse  10,  103 
ignorat  6,  569 
ignoret  11,  26 
ignoro  3,  43 
ignoscas  8, 189 
ignoacat  1,  154 
igooscentibos  3,  146 
ignoscere  13,  103.  15,  105 
ignoscit  6,  435 
ignoscitis  8,  181 
ignotaque  14,  187 
ignotosque  6,  454 
ignotum  6,  637 
iisdem7,  153,10,  175.   II, 

73.  15.  157 
Iliacus  13,  43 
Iliadosll,  178 
Iliadum  10.  261 
ilibus  5,  136 
ille  4,  73  &c. 
illinc  1, 159&C. 
illuc  2,  159  &c. 
illud  6, 194  203.  8,275&c 
illustresque  4,  152 
Illyricumque  8,  1 17 
imft  8,  47 

imagine  7, 29.  8,  IS.  11,18 
imago  8,  55.  13,  221 
irobelle  15,  126 
imbelles  6,  366.  8,  113 
imber  13, 67 
imbuit  14,  124 
imbutus  11,  144 
imis  3,  200 
imitandis  14,  40 
imitantur  14,  107 
ifflitata  10,  299 
imitata  est  6,  341 
imitatur  7, 42 
imitatus  12,  34 
immane  10.  107 
immancm  14,  162 
immattes  15, 18  125 
iromania  15,  104 
immemor  6,  85 
immensa  7,  111 
imroeDsae  11,  194 
immeritis  10,  60 
imminuit  14,  92 


TO  JUVENAL. 


485 


1010)610,324.  13.108.16,9 
immolat  15,  118 
immoiiale  16,  34 
impacta  10,  59 
impar  3,  161.  13, 169 
impatient  6,  327.  7,  58 
impatiensque  6,  238 
impellat  3,  128 
iropendat  12,  96 
impendere  4,  91 
iropensa  12,97 
impensfle  5,  156.  7,  138 
impeosas  3.  216 
iroperat  6,  64  224 
imperetd,  81 
imperfectus  3,  233 
imperii  4,  137.  8,265.  11, 

105 
imperils  10,  151.     11,  87. 

14,  331 

imperio  6,  135.     10,  343. 

15,  138 

imperium  10,  79.  13,  50 
impetai  15,  62 
implent  6,  310 
implere  1,  63 
impleret  6, 601 
impleri  5, 75 

implet  2,  96.  6,  249  546. 
7,   161.    9,  56.    14,  30 
288 
impletur  7,  24 

mplev^e  14,  215 
impleverit  2,  58 
implevero  9,  90 

implevi  14,  327 

mplevitque  4,  41 

mponere  4,  103 

mpoDet  12, 118 

mpoDit  6,  444 

mpoDite  7,  229.  12,  84 

impositas  3,  252 
imposito  6, 334 

mpreasit  6,  422 

mprime  9, 134 

mproba  6,  86  605.  13,  3 

mprobior  4,  106 

mprobitas  10,  305.  13,  53 

mprobulum  5,  73 

mprobus    3,  282.    9,  63. 

16,37 
improvidos  3,  273 

mpulit  12,  19.  15,  120 

mpulsa  10,  107 

impulsu  10,  351 
impuDe  1,  3  4.  4,  152 
'mpuDitum  13,  200 

mputat  5,  14  15 

mputet6,  179 

imputo^2,  17 

in  1,  6  38   104   107   HI 


143.  2,  28  48  57  68  79 
(u^irt  107  133136139.  3» 

17  22  30  62  78  162  280. 
4,  6.  5,  44  142  153.  6, 
2  65  twice  107  108  151 
&c.  7,  1  7  8  241.  8,  3 
14  111  140  200.  9,   13 

18  42.  10.  1  18  27  50 
160.  11,112122  40  80. 
12,  12  61  110.  13,  18 
86  198.  14,  42  82  130 
318.  15,  10  16  50  13a 
16,1153  69 

nque6,  183  245  311 

Datc^uales  5,  38 

oam  1,  47.  5,  7 

Danis  9,  57 

oaurati  13,  151 

ocedet  12,  126 

ncendente  6,  648 

DceDderit  3,  222 

Dceodi  6,  325 

Dcendia  3,  7  197.  13,  145 

ncerare  10,  55 

ncerta  15,  137 

ocerts  12,  32 

ocertsque  8,  81 

ncessuque  2,  17 

Dcestas  6,  158 

ocestus  4,  9 

Dchoet  16,  42 

ocidat  10,  314 

ncidere  8,  69 

Dcidit  4,  39 

Dcipe  4,  34 

nciperet  10,  262 

ncipias  6,  615 

ncipiat  11,  163 

ncipientem  7, 195 

Dcipis  8,  1 1 

ncipit  6,  348  468.    8,  138. 

9,  52.  10,  115 
Dcipiunt  13,  238.    15,  52 

64 
ncitat  6,  315 
Qclinare  9,  26 
Dclinat  9^  316 
aclioatis  15,  63 
Dclinet  10,  224 
Dcludere  14,  133 
Dclusa  12,  75 
nclufus  12,  123 
noognita  9,  34 
QcoJa  8,  160 
ncolumen  12,  16 
Dcolumi  10,  258 
Dcororooda  13,  21 
ncrementa  14,  259 
ncubuit  6, 293 
ncude  3,  309.  10,  132.  14, 

118.  15,165 


iocultas  II,  146 
imcumbere  8»  76.    14,  122. 

15,  128 
incurrite  6,  331 
incQtimus  9,  5 
incutit  3.  246 
inde  1,65  168.    3,37  113 

236  301  308.  4,  51  122. 

5,  168.  6,  62  139  225 
312  436  524  560  603 
612  613.  7,  103  123 
220.  8. 105  (vice  119 195. 
9,20  28.  10,140.  11, 
47.  12,  87.  14,  12  45 
83  148  173  282.  15,  36 
48 

indemnatus  6,  562 

Indi  6,  337  466 

Indica  15,  163 

indiciis  10,  70 

iodigens  13,  38 

iodigDatio  1,  79.  5, 120 

indignatur  5,  64 

indigDo  4,  95 

iodigoum  7, 17 

indignus  8,  31 

indocti  2,  4.   3,  87.    8,  49. 

13.  181 
indomiti  14,  176 
indomitus  2,  77 
iDducitur  6,  470 
indulge  8,  167 
iodulgebitis  9,  48 
iodulgeot  14,234 
iDdulgeDtia7, 21 
indulgere  6,  283 
indulget  2,  140.  6, 160  384 
indulsisse  2,  165 
induUU  2,  168.   6,  86.    13, 

217.    14,  330.    15,   148 

174 
Indus  6,  585.  11,  125 
industrias  8,  52 
indutus  2,  97 
inebriet9,  113 
inermi  4,  80.  10,  200 
infami  8.  273 
infamia  1,  48 
infarois  2,  22 
infaos  3,    176.  5.  145.  6. 

81.  9,  60.   14,  49.    15, 

139 
infante  13,  163 
infantes  14, 168 
infantia  3,  84.  10,  199 
infantibns  6,  9  606 
infecit  12,  41 
infelicibus  13.  142 
infelix  3,  152  209  253  267. 

6,  491  597.  7,  74.  10, 
169.  14,  295 


488 

latttah  e,  U7.  13,  02 
iDrnUqua  16,  130 
infeilii  1&,  74 
iatttto  13.  331 

ioGcieiut  13,  60 
iafiTmilS,  1!>0 

iaflctu  3,  iSl 

iiiffs3,97i04 

mframail  I,  166 

ioradii  6.  617 

bfandctS,  1S4 

ingcDii  10,  119 

■Dgcnio  7,  63  96.  10,  120 

ingtoiuDi  I,  101.  3,  73.  4, 

83.    10,   300.    13,   IBS. 

IS,  144 
iDgcDil,4.  3,  119  137.  4, 

124.    6,    lOS    613  649 

651.  7,  102  140.  8,  100. 

10,62.  11,  139 
iDgcDli  3.  340.  16,  166 
iagtatit  3,  'i&l 
ingeDlibui  2. 96 
bgcnoe  3,  16 
ingcDui  II,  154 
JDeeiiQiiiUfl  1],  134 
JDEreDuoium  3, 131 
Weauumd.  20 
ineeril  S.  609 
iDgnlz!  14,166 
li^itile  9,  B3 
ingralo  10. 270 
iBgnloa  11,  190 
ingTiliifque  7,  1(59 
iagredieiur?,  171 

iDg»9SUd  10,20 

iugucnG,  19G.  12,36 
inguina  6,  370.  S,  4.   11, 

1S8.  14,  300 
■BguiDe  3,  109.  9,  136 
10,  322 
,41.  6,  301.  to, 


VERBAL  INDEX 


207 


16,20 
am  16,  40 

inique  1,30 

idiquo  H,  126 

iDJuiia  G.  9.   B,   121.    14, 

161.  16,23 
ioDotia  13,  166 
innuat  6. 139 
iiiopem7,206 
iaopi  12,  67 
JDOfii  7.  61 
inopuin  8,  89 
in  piiniis  8, 131 
inquisilorei  4,  49 
inquit   1,   103  126.   3,  21 


163.4,136.5.118.6 

381 

iolMtiM  7,  76 

416.   7,  243.  8,  44. 

10, 

iniMiDo  6.  429 

166  291.  13,  S4.  14, 

153 

iini.Mbii.7  51 

iniiaii  2. 7 

inland  6,  4S5 

iDtinuia  6. 620 

intra  a.  240,  9,  11  43  65 

«4.  ia,i!09.  14,45 

iiuciiu  11,66 

intiantet  6,  l2d 

intcripla  14,34 

iDMiDti  4.  63 

imigoit  6.  227 

>DU*I  2.  88.   6.  374  S12. 

10,317.  13.78 

iciugaii  8.  32.  10,67 

intraveiii   9.  171 

iDiUuie  6. 96.  9.  144 

llitraviie,  121 

j»p«.>6,579 

inl;,pjdi  13.  .89 

iiuwxi  3,  46 

inUoilan.  11,10 

inilHcil  1,  97 

intu  lent  fl.  340 

iuubile  9,  79 

alul,lfi.599 

iDUiDt  15,  7S 

ntuc3.34 

iiutaotoni  6.  407.  14.310 

nvaiiunli,  20 

iwUntii  14.63 

iDvtlidi  3.  B3 

inlat  6,  620 

DveDiu3.  6.  6.208.8,48 

■DiUunre  8.  l&B.  16,  74 

173.  10,  148.  16.  130 

iulitor  7,  321 

immut  8,  333 

inititnu  14,  74 

■Dfenlt  3.  360.   9.  8.    10. 

iB«™tl.97 

47.     13,    29    197.     15, 

44. 

iii)uluB>6.fi5a 

ionnta*  1 4,  75 

ii;tactifi,336 

ioirmti.  13,  66 

intaelam?  87 

iDTO«o8,30 

intaclmrS,  183 

iowDUii  15,  117 

inUcloque  5.  169 

inrenu  14.  187 

iDlactum  14.  194 

JnverjoS.ioa 

iolcgerS.SO.  10,388.  15,56 

intallecu  9,  129 

iDvidet  10. 328 

iDUllig«t4,  101.  6,46 

iDvidia  16.  95 

JDUlli^it  12,  38 

inTidielO,  57 

inteodunt  8.  160 

iDtidiam  15,  123 

inter  1,  112  129.  2,10  47. 

iovidiosa  13,  179 

3,    157   191  264.    5,28. 

iovm  13.  248 

6,  101  323.    7,  186 

invilie.  212 

133    17i   217.     10, 

260 

iiiTilatuiM,  134 

358.     11.    93.      13, 

119 

imili  14,  108 

186.  14,203.  15,33  164 

inrolviiqoe  G,  607 

ioKrque  13.312 

inutile  16,  136 

inleicepta  13,  71 

lo  6,  526 

ialerdum    3.    181    305 

6. 

jwah  3.  40 
loco  9,  10 

552.  10,52  316.  13. 

IBS 

inKrea   1,   135.    2,   13 

.  3. 

jocoram  3.  147 

261.  5,  120.   6.  149  237 

Ionium  6,  93 

424     451    608.     8, 

56. 

Jove  6, 15  tmkt.  14.  20« 

10.342.   11.14   191 

14, 

Jovem  13.  B9 

138,  15.  44 

Jori  12.  6 

iolereiii  14,73 

JoTit  8,  156.    10,  38  268. 

DUriora  12,  80 

14,  81  271 

nteiiug  11.16 

Iphigcnia  12,119 

ipsa  3, 95  173.  6. 309  3i3 

nterpre.  4. 79.  6, 644 

281   401   490.    10,  99*. 

nletroso  10,  72 

11,133.  13,29.  14,  13» 

DWrvenit  6.  194 

ip><>  10,   76.    12,    11.    13, 

iottttalal,  144 

180.  14.295 

inleKiiui  3,  274 

ip»  6,  244 

TO  JUVENAL. 


487 


ipiam  0. 173  833  666.   10, 

141.  13,  151 
ipsas8,23.  10,59 
ipse  1,62  105  127  136.  3, 

18.   3,  110  222.   4.  69. 

5,30  37  86104  142.    6, 

552.  8,  41  75  147  148. 

10,52  230  251  363.   11, 

62  75  160.    12,35.    13, 

56.  14,  127  244.   15,38 

45 
ipsi  1,  100.  5,107.  6,519. 

8,  110  188.  13,1.  14.3 

234.  15,  59 
ipsi8  2,31.  3.  146.  5,135. 

6,  523.    10,  7  146  347. 

11,71202.   15,  100 
ipsius  6,  530.    7,  239.    8, 

262.   10,285.  16,58 
ipso  1,33.14,206 
ipsonim  8,   138.    13,  105 

138 
ipsot  1,100.  6,347.  9,26. 

10,  305 
ipsum  2.  147.  4,  28.  5.  6 

56.  10,  182.   11,9.   12, 

40.   14,  167 
ipsuinque  6,  175.  8,  133 
in  1,  85.  6,647.   13,100 

176.  15,  131 
ira  1,  45.  14.  50 
irs  1,  168.  8,  88.  13,  183. 

15,  169 
iram  6.  189  235 
insci  10,  360 
irati  3,  299 
iradsl,50  146 
irato  13.  92 

iratus  10,  313.   13,  226 
ire  3,  25  128.    8,  130.    9, 

21.   14,122 
iret  12,  14 
irritamentum  11,  165 
Isso  3,  74 
Isiacs  6, 489 
Iside  12,  28 
Isidis  6,  529.  9,  22 
IsU  13,  93 
isse6,  409 
isU2,  75  136.   6,  191.   9, 

74.  11,166 
Utas  1,  139 

iste  4,  67.  6,  409.  7,  36 
Utic  3.  29 
istis  14,  179 
istos  6,  295 
Istro  8,  170 
it  1,  145 
ita  2,  38.    5,  59.    6,  222. 

13,91 
Italic  3,  171 


Italiam  10,  154.  12,  78 
ite2,  89.  3,66.   12,83 
iter  7,  172.  10.  20 
iterum3.  134.  4,  1.  7,95. 

12,25 
Itbacum  10,257.  14,287 
Ithacus  15.  26 
itur  1,  89.  4,  65 
jubeant  9,  144 
lubeat  3,  129.  6,  98  275 
jubebit  5,  143  159 
jubeiitur  4.  144.  8,  65.  14, 

108 
iubeo  6.  223 
juberet2,  101.  15.150 
jubet  1.  99.  2,  7.  3,  196 

284  290.  6.330  417  420 

517.  7,  102.    14,  31  212 

306.  15,  134 
jubetur  6.  340.  7,41 
jubis  6,  40 
Jucunda  4.  81 
^ucundam  7,  82 
pcundis  10,  349 
jucundius  13.  180 
jucuodum  5.  140 
Judsa  6.  543 
Judiei  6.  547 
Judsis  3.  14 
Judaicum  14,  101 
judex  16,  13  29 
judice4.  12.  7,  13  117.  8, 

188.  13,3 
judicet  13, 226 
judicio  1,48 
judicis  2,  75 
juga  3.  191.  8,  108 
jugera  3,    142.  4,  7.    14, 

163 
jugeribus  2,  132.  9,  60 
jugis  6.  649 
jugo  8,  63 
jugulare  15,  12 
jugulau  12,  127 
jugulo  8.  218 
jugulos  4.  110 
jugum  6.  208.    9,  57.     10, 

135.   13,22 
lali  8,  42 

Julia  2,  32  37.  6.  38 
Julius  2,  70 
lulo  12,  70 
jumenta  3,  316.    4,  5.    7, 

180.  9.  103.   14,  147 
jumeutis  8,  154 
jumento  14,  77 
juncta  6,  448 
juDctaque  2.  46 
junctamque  6,  200 
junge  9,  105 
jungitur  6.  41 


juoguntur  9,  89 

Juoio  15,27 

Judo  6,  619.   13,  40 

JuDonem  2,  98 

JuDooi  6,  48 

JuQonis  7,  32 

Jupiter  5,  79.    6,  59.    10, 

188.    11,   116.     13,  41 

114 
jura  2,  43  51  72.    9,  87. 

15.  135 
jurante  2,  98 
jurare  6,  16 
]urat  8.  156.   13,  78 
jurato  5.  5 
jure  2,  34.  11,23.  13,201 

202.  14.  8 
iures  3.  144 
jurgia  5,  26.    6,  268.    15, 

51 
juris  2,  139.  6,  217.  8,  50 
jurisque  1,  128 
jus  1,56.   10.87  101.   14, 

101.   16,51 
jussa  est  3,  15 
jussas  11,  104 
jussas  3,  65 
jusseris  3,  78 
jusserit  6.  626 
jussit  6.  37  622.   10,275 
jussos  6,  371 
jussuque  10,  15 
jussus  5,  12.    8,  210.     14, 

331 
justa  6,  94.  9.  90 
justs  16,  19 
justi  10,  274 
^ustis  8,  267 
mstisiiima  16,  17 
lustitia  4,  81 
justitisque  8,  25 
lusto  8.  92 
juvabit3,  211 
luvaot  11,  16 
juvat  14,4 
juveDcam6,  48 
juvencum  8,  155 
juvene  4,  95 
juvenem  6,  330.  8,  71.   14, 

191  251 
juvenes  2,  50.  3,  158  twice, 

7,  20  132.    8,  164  262. 

11.  199.   14,34  107  121 

283 
juvenesque  3,  158 
juvenil,25.    7,160.     10, 

168  226.  14,23  235 
juvenilia  11,5 
juvenis  5.  45.    8,51.     10, 

310.  13,55.  14,7 
juvent&6.  103  369 


VERBAL  INDEX 


jowi«u»S,lS6.7,8l3.  8, 
114 

L«tiii*  14.  IM 
\mn  3. 383 

lin^  13. 333.  16,  IfiS 

juvcDum  10,  19fl 

iBDft  5,  131 

laiibuKiuB  VZ.  89 

'j»v.ro«  3, 160 

lanam  7,  73 

krisa.  110.  14,30 

iuiU  11.301 

LttitrieoniiU.  IB 

i«d.i  li.pe 

1«U6,  570.  13,  13 

«ei«tim6,  194 

L. 

laUm  7.  83 

liMira  2,  92 

iBtare  10.  310 

lu»U  6.  130  431 

Ltbe  H,  69 

lati  16.  60 

laui  IS,  1S7 

Ubelli.  5,  lae.  6. 276 

IsitH  10,  98.  13,  73 

lu.«qu«  1.  132 

lahdloS.  IBS.  9,  as 

In'lunl    3,   ^1.  15.41 

lani.  6,  484.  B.  154 

UWIum  1,160.  U,  325 

in'liil    3,-2.H).  14.23 

la«o7.117.  8.137 

libtm  2.  7B 

I«vfl7.  159.  14,297 

lawoque  14. 146 

libcDle  6,  203 

iBTique  6.  661 

Uuoa  9.  55 

hbdilibui  3. 194 

Icvfique  6,  658 

lauu.  8.  346 

libilur  Ifi.  77 

law  14,  228 

laia  6, 430.  9,  65 

Isbor  6. 169.  7  «  216.  8, 

lK*nm  4,  120.  6,  495 

Uii  14, 308 

Oi.    i  m.  16,  66 

lagtnfl  5.  39.  8. 163 

lite  14,  345 

laboranti  6,  *4^ 

l»ttnm  7,  121.   12, 60 

liWDK.9.  IB 

Ubor,i8.239 

lagan..  14.  271 

lalcqne  6,  93 

Ubore  16,  52 

Lap  6.  83 

Ltlaranonim  10.  17 

Lbown,  7,  17 

lambcoa  9,  5 

l«(crc  1 1,  96 

Ubore*  6.  693.  9,  42.  10, 

UmbeatibD.  B,  35 

Uteri  6,  37 

359  361.  14,196 

lambit  2,  49 

Itteiii  6,  606.  13,  t39 

labori  16.  S7 

Luniatum  4,    54.  6.  385 

liboriilO,  139.  14.  164 

Umpade  6,  138 

lal«t  6.  337 

ltbiuuii>3.32 

UmpM  3, 285 

Lilt>*3.  137.  11.115 

labr*  3,  394.  6.  463  623. 

lana  5,  15 

LaliDftl,  171.  8,356 

10.67  239.  13.114 

lanim  i,  54.  7.  224 

La(iD«  6.  65 

Ltbulli  2.  68 

lanila.  8.  155 

L»tinu  6.  387 

lan.ii.15.  11 

Ulinee.  188.  11,148 

l.n«e.204 

UtiDi  6,  44 

Itncem  5.  80 

L>6d»1.36.  6.637 

laceiuei  4,  37 

laoce)  13.  43 

Lttio  13.  103 

Jweral  6,  625 

lancibusll.  18      . 

latiil,  137.  4,21 

llcer«l»6,  490 

laiigiieDti.11,165 

latiuima  12.  59 

llceni*  3,  HB 

langiiida  1,  122 

Uliui  H.'>34 

licernft  1U,3I2 

T.BMrnB  7,      4 

IlDificB  12.  66 

Ltlana  10,  293 

lacernas     -27    9,28.16,45 

laati  6.  497 

Laloiw  6.  176 

licerDalr      ()2 

t>nulc3,  158.  11,8 

lata.  11.122 

lacernis    4,287 

laoiitii  6.  216 

JalTilibiisfi,  JlS 

faciria  14,  75 

lanugo  13,  59 

Ulravil  10,  372 

I»cerua3,231 

L.omedonliadei6.326 

Ulrauc  10.  22 

hcMli  14,  131 

lapidetn  6.  577.  15,65 

latronemlB,  145 

licetti.  to.  11.  15.63 

lipide.  13.  67 

latum  1.  157.  6,483 

Ucerto  6,  106 

Lappa  7.  72 

laturo.  6,  605 

Iiccuii  6,  248 

Up>um  IS.  166 

Itlu.  3,   131.    6,  650.   7, 

Licheii  3.  27 

lapiu.  3,  7 

109.   8,   117.    11,  143. 

l.i«heiii9.  136 

laqueo  7,  50 

12.31.  14,  289 

l*erumK  1,   168.    6.  639. 

laqueiu  10.  314 

UvantnrS,  152 

16,27 

laqueum  10,  53.  13,244 

Itvari  6,  447.  7. 130 

ticiumu  3.   101.   5.  169. 

lardDm  11.84 

lavat  3.  262 

10.63  261.  15.133 

l..e  8, 14 

Iav»lur5.90 

Jactumii  6.373.  13,134 

laremque  6.  3 

Uad.l>a<4.  121 

lacl«  6,  468 

larei  8.  110.  9,  137.   12, 

l*Dd.bila  11,22 

l«cli»ll.6B.  13.70 

113 

Itudamu.  8.  58 

lacunar  1.  56 

larga  10.  303 

landaDt  14.  183 

Jacui  4.  60.  6.  603 

Ltrgi  14,  35 

laudare3.43  9S  106.  7,31 

Ladia  13,  97 

largiHS.  110 

laudaa  10,  28 

ledant  3.  272 

largitui  7,  88 

]audat3,86.6,435.  13,31 

TO  JUVENAL. 


4«1) 


laadatur   1,  74.  4,  71.  5, 

42.  14.111 
laode  8.  74 
laudent  11,  58 
laudet  14,  154 
]audibus6,  132 
laudis8,  76.  10,  143 
laudo3.  2.4,  18.  12,  121 
lavet  14,  62 
La  vino  12,  71 
l^ureDti  1,  107 
Laureoluol  B,  187 
lauro  6.  79.  8,  253 
Lauronia  2,  36  65 
lauros  10.  65 
laurumque  7,  19 
laurus  2,  158 
lauti  14,257 
lautissima  7,  175.  II,  140 
lautissimus  3,  221 
lauto  14,  13 
lautorum  7,  177 
lautam  1«  67 
lautus  11,  1 
laxabant  8.  261 
laxare  4,  67 
lazet  6,  144 
lecti  6,  226.  9,  78 
lectica  1.  32  121.  3,  242. 

10,35 
lecticas  6,  309 
lectis  11,96.  13,  136 
lecto  2,  60.  5,  17.  6,  594. 

7,  105 
lectore  1,  13 
lectulus  9,  77 
lectum  6,  21 
lecture  6,  277 
lectuft  3,  203.   6,  268.   8, 

177 
Ledam  6,  63 
legantur  11,  180 
legal  7,231 

legatum  8,  172.  9,  62  88 
lege  6,  453 
kgemque  6,  635 
legenti  7,  104 
legerat7,  152.  11,78 
leges,  noun»  2,  30  43   72. 

7,229.  8,91.  11,  8.  14, 

100  193 
leget  3,  24 1 
legi  3,  155 

legibus  10,  251.  16,  15 
legio  2,  155 
legione  3,  132 
legiones  10,  79.  14,  241 
legionibus  8,  255 
legit  11,69.  13.  121 
legitime  10,  338.  12, 100 
legitimU  6,  200 


legitimum  9,  44 

legum  4,  79.  6,  544.  8,  50 

268.  14,  177 
leguinen  15,  174 
len»  6,  489 
Lenas  5,  98 
leno  1,  55 
lenone  6,  127 
lenonibus  6,  216 
lenoDum   3,    156.    6,   320. 

14,46 
leota  13.  100 
lentaque  16,  47 
lento  6,  565 
Lenlule  6.  80 
Lentulus  7,  95.  8,  187.  10, 

287 
lenlus  8.  248 

leo8,  36.  14,247.  15,  161 
leoncm  7,  76 
leoni  15.  160 
Lepidi  6,  265 
Lepidis  8,  9 
leporem  5,  167.  14,  81 
Icporcs  5,  124 
lepus  II.  138 
letale  15,  165 
letifero  4,  56 
leto  10,  119 
levant  12,  53 
lev^rit  14,  83 
Leucade  8,  24 1 
Icve  7.  ?40 
leve  10,  199 
level  14,  236 
levi  2,  12 
Ievia8,  115 
levibus    13.  182 
levibus  6,  356.  8,  35 
leviori  7,  77 
levioribus  4,  1 1 
levis  6,  507 
levis3.  111.  9,05 
l^vium  13,  13 
lCvius2.56 
ICviustjue  10,  344 
lex   2,  37.  6,  38.  7,  102. 

10,315.  14,324 
Hbeat  1.  19.  10,  162 
libcUi  1.B6.  7,  107 
libellis  13,  19  62 
libcllo  14,  193 
libellos  3,  206.  6.  244.  7, 

26 
libcnlius  15,  88 
liber,  adject,  5.  161.  9,  121 
libera  4,  90.  8,211  244 
liberct  1,  152 
libertas  2.  112.  3,  299.  6, 

140  217.8.  177 
libertate7, 116.  8,263 

3  R 


libertatem  14,  230 
libcrtatemque  14,  56 
libertatisque  2,  77 
libertinus  1,  102 
liberto  2,  59 
libertorumque  5,  28 
libertos  7,  43 
libertus  6,  146 
libet  1.63.2,  1.  7,  113.  8. 

29.12,95.14,142.15,84 
libidine  4,  3.  6,  135  318. 

7,85 
libitliniH  6.  294.  11,  172 
libi.!o2,  14.6.349.8,  135. 

10,  208. 
libis  3,  187 
Libitinam  12.  122 
libitum  3,  159 
libo  16,39 
libraria  6,  476 
librarius  9,  109 
libras  10,  147 
librata  8,  204 
libri  1,5 

libri8  4,  16.  6,  451.  9,84 

libro  6,  263  578.  8,  134 

libros3,219 

librum  3,  41 

libuit  5,  16 

Liburno  3.  240.  4,  75 

Liburtius  6,  477 

Libya  11,25 

Libye  5,  1 19 

liceat  2,   135.   3,  301.   6, 

456.  8,  235 
licebit  11,  182 
liceret  4.  85 
licet,  verb,  1,   162.   3.  92. 

4.   34.   7,    124    146.    8. 

131.    10,  304.    11,   194 

205.  15,  13 
licet,  cfliijuuction,  I,  105.  2, 

147.3,144.5,141.6.140 

20P283  580.  8.  19  81  85 

122.    10,    19    211    298. 

13,56.  14,  12  263  287 
Licinis  1,  109 
Licinu3  14,306 
lirtorc  8,  137 
lictorem  3,  128 
ligni  13,  137.  16.  41 
ligno  12,  58 
lignorum  7,  24 
lignum  11,  118 
ligonem  11,89 
ligonis  7,  33 
li^ulas  5,  20 
Ligustica  3,  257 
limen  1,  100.  2,88.  6,  47 

11.  188 

Hmina  6,  52.  14,  44  220 


400 


VERBAL  INDEX 


limine   1,  96.   3,   124.   6, 

228.  10.  29.  15.  154 
limite  10,  169.  16.  38 
Una  5,  102 
lingua  9,  120 
linguae  7.  149 
liuguam  3.  63.  9. 123 
linguas  9,  1 19 
Unguis  12,83 
linigero  6,  533 
Unique  4,  45 
linit6.  481.  9.58 
linquebat  6.  1 19 
linqnere  15.  152 
linquit  6.  227 

lintea3,263.  8, 168.14.22 
linum  3.  151 
Liparaea  13.  45 
lippus  10,  130 
litem  6.  242 
litera  13,  138 

lites  6,  268.  7,  168.  16,  42 
liligat6,  35.  7,  141 
liliget  16.  16 
litis  16,  50 
litora  2,  160.  4,  47 
litore  11,  113.  14,  87  270 
lituis  14,  200 
litu9  3,  4.  4,  143.  7,49 
livida  6,  631 
lividulus  11,  110 
livorem  2,  81 
livoribus  16.  11 
locamus  10,  366 
locantui  3.  13 
locAsti  8.  185 
locata  9,  143 
loco  3,  230.  5. 12.  7,  210 
locos  6,  245 
loculis  1,  89.   10,  46.    U, 

38.  13.  139 
locum  1,  103.  6.  542 
locup1es6,  141.  12,99.  14, 

137 
locupletem  13.  96.  14,  197 
locus  3.  22  119.  7.63.  10, 

110.  15.37 
Locusta  1,71 
loculi  2,  20 
locuturi  4,  88 
lodice6,  195.  7.66 
longa  2,  84.  3,  254.  6,  78 
221.  8.  47.    10,  57  190 
204  223   265.    14,    158 
251 
longA6,  623.  13,68  207 
long!\que  9,  52 
longJB  5,  103.  6,  292.  10, 

275.  15.96 
longe  6.  69  210  374.  7,41. 
8,272.  14,279 


longeque  8,  272.    12,  77. 

14,89 
longi3,  124.6,483.  9,34. 

10,44.  14,217 
Longinum  10,  16 
longior  2,  167 
longis6,  310.  7,  182 
longissima  1,  133 
Inngissirous  3,  284 
loni^o  4,  44.  5,  80.  6,  661. 

7,  132.  8,  i  208.  9,  16. 
10,255.  11,  152.  16,50 

longonim  6,  351 

longos  2,  124.  12,  91.  14, 

198 
longum  3,  88.  6,  65  589. 

8,  228.  15.  82 
longus  6,  431 
loquaci  5,  142 
loquantur  6,  531 
loquar  6,  133 
loquatur  6,  439 
loqueQdi2,  111.  6,  453 
loquentem  16,  33 
loquentur  9,  103 

loqui  3,  96.  6,  401 
loquitur  15,  1 12 
lo<iuor  14,  115 
loquuntur  4.  17 
lora  1,  61 
lorica  10.  134 
loricaro  11,  30 
loripedero  2,  23.  10,  308 
loris6,  414 
loro  2.  125.  5,  165 
lot^  6.  464 
loto  6.  429 
lubricat  11,  173 
Lucaoos  8.  180 
Lucanus  7,  79 

luce  6,  312.   8,    151.   11, 
184.  15,43 

lucebis  1,  155 

luceruA  1,  51 

lucerns  6.  131.  8,  35 

lucemas  7,  225.  10,339 

lucernis  6,  305.  12,  92 

luciferi  8,  12 

lucifero  13,  158 

Lucilius  1,  165 

lucis  13,  88 

Lucretia  10,  293 

lucri  14,  204  278 

Lucrinum  4,  141 

lucro  6,571 

lucrum  13.  24 

luctantur  2.  53 

luctibus  10.  244 

luctum  14.  157 

lucus    1,  7 

ludant  7, 239 


ludebantll,98.  14,168 

ludere  15,  59 

ladl  11,20.  14,264 

Ludia  6,  104 

ludia  6.  266 

ludis  8,  194 

ludit  14,  4 

luditur  1,90.  8,  10 

Ludiam  6,  82 

lados  6,  87  352.  11,  177 

ludum  6,  324 

ludus  8,  199 

Lugdunensem  1,  44 

lugendus  8,  267 

lugentis  3, 279.  15,  134 

lugere  10,  257 

luget  10,  256 

lumbis  10,  227 

lumbofi3.244.6,314.9,59 

lumbum  8,  16 

lumen  3,  286.  9.  105 

lumina  13.  93  164 

luoa  3,  286.  8,  149 

lung  6, 311 

luns  6, 443 

lunam  7,192.  10,  21 

lapa  3,  66 

lupanar  6,  121 

lupanaris  6,  132 

Laperco2,  142 

lupini  14,  153 

\vLsck  7,  128 

lascis  10,  228 

luscum  10,  158 

luserit  5,  139 

lusit  11.  160 

Ittsore  9,  61 

lustrabit  6,  582 

lustrari  2,  157.   13,  63 

lustra verit  6,  518 

lustravitque  2,  144 

luteo  10.  132 

luto  3,  247.  6,  13.  7,  180. 

14,  35  66 
lutulentti  7,  131 
lux  12,  1.  13,158.  14,105 
luxu6,299 
luxuria  6,  293.  11,  22 
luxuri&  15,  45 
luxuriae  1,  140.  11,45 
luxuriam  4, 137 
luxuriosa  11,  77 
Lyciscae  6,  123 
Lycius  11,  147 
Lyde2, 141 


M. 


Macellill,  10 
macellis  1 1 ,  64 


TO  JUVENAL. 


401 


macello  5,  95.  6,  40 
inacer  6,  138 
Machsne  7.  9 
maciem  15,  101 
macies  9,  1 6 
mt^crk  7y  29 
macri  14,  146 
mactare  12,  115 
macalam  14,  2 
maculis  5,  104.  15,  160 
macaloaas  7,  40 
madeoti  4,  154 
madentia  6,  318 
madentis  13,  85 
madidlk  6,  473 
madids  2,  93 
madidamqae  3,  11 
madidas  5,  101.  7,  164 
madidique  10,  199 
madidis  10,  178.  15,  47 
madido  13,  165 
madidum  9,  51 
madidumque  6, 297 
maduernDt  10,  121 
Maecenas  7,  94 
Mscenate  1 .  66 
Mscenatibos  12,  39 
Mcnades  6,  317 
Msotica  4,  42 
MaM>tide15,  115 
MaBvial,23 
magtcae  15,  5 
magicos  6,  610 
magis2,  16.  11,  45  &c. 
ma^ster  2,  77  114.  4,  45. 

12,79 
magistra  6,  361.  13,  22 
magistri  5.  122.  7.  212 
magistro  6,  26.  14,  212 
magistros  7, 154. 8. 8. 14, 12 
magistrom  14,  246 
magna  2,  14  47. 3,  39  212. 

7,  108.  10,49.  12,  116. 

13,  19  100  109 
magnft  4,   32.  8,  13.   14, 

14 
magnaque  6,  537.  10,  1 1 1 
magns  4,  20.  5,  14.  7,  66. 

15,41 
magnaeque  4,  74.  10,  39 
magni  1,33.2,  113.4,31. 

14,  224  227  304 
magnit  4,  17.  6,  9  168.  13, 

247.  14,  32  169 
magno  2,  60  87.  3,  57  166 

tvt^tf  244.  6,73.  10,246. 

11. 148 
iDagnorum  11,  102 
magnos  6,  313 
magnum   8,  263.   10.   65. 

14,  312 


magnus  1,  20.  4,  133.  6, 

559.  10.  160 
magus  3,  77 
majeslas   1,   113.    3,   174. 

II,  111 

major  1.88  106.4,  139.5, 

III.  6,  553.  8,  141.  9, 
133.  10.  14  140  233.  11, 
166.  13,  12  221.15,114 
159 

majora  4,  17  66.  8, 252.  10, 

137  311 
majoraque  2,  122.  14,  117 
majore  5,66.  10,289.  11, 

2.  13,  130 
majorem  13,  163 
majores  4,  27.  8,  133.  12, 

109.  13,  57.  14,  264 
maioribus  13,  124 
majorisi, 29.3, 115.15,162 
majorque  14,  142 
majorum  1,  60.  7,  207.  8, 

3  22  64146  227  274.  14, 

193.  16,32 
roajus  6,  568 
mala  6^  292.  10,  145.  14, 

216.  15,  142 
mala.  i.  e.  poraa,  1 1.  74 
malae,  t.  e.  roaxilis,  15,  54 
malaj,  Of//.  13, 109.  14,226 
male  5.  163.  8,  9.  9.  30. 

10,85 
mali,  t.  e,  pomi,  5,  153 
TDdiWf  adjective,  7,  51. 9, 120. 

14,290 
malignis  10.  Ill 
malira  4,  98 
malis  6,336.  10,  191.  14, 

303 
malo,  nouu,  13,  1 
malo,  verb,  6,  166  167.  8, 

269.  10,  124.  14,  163 
malorum    10,   98.    13,    13 

236 
malos  15,  70 
malum,  fieuter,  6.  109 
malum,  suhsttmtive    mateu' 

line,  12,  54 
roaluDt  9,  115 
malus  3,  42.  4,  8.  7,  169 
M amercer um  8,  192 
mamillas  7,  159 
mamillam  13,  163 
mamillis  6,  401   491.   12, 

74 
mamma  1 .  23 
manantiae,  623.  15,  136 
manare  6,  275 
mancipiorum  9,  119 
mancipium  1.  171 
mancus  3,  18 


inandaret  10.  53 
mandat  3,  46 
mandata  6,  354 
mandavi  14,  225 
mandct  8,  91 
mandrae  3.  237 
mane  6,  601  656 
maneant3.  30.  8,92 
manebit  14.  310 
maneret  4,  95,  9,  72 
manes,  timi?},  2, 149. 15,105 
manesque,  noun,  2,  154 
manct  5,  103.  11,  39.  13, 

177 
mangone  11,  147 
manibus  5,  83.  6,  381  573. 

14,285 
manics  6,  256 
maDifesta2,64.  14,  136 
Mauilid  6,  243 
manipli  16.  20 
maniplos  8,  153 
mansit  6,  561 
mansuescere  11.  104 
manu  10.  302.  12,  65 
manubria  11,  133 
manum  1.  15.  6,  546 
Dianumque  6.  583 
manus  3,    106.   5,  53.   6, 

290.   7,   241.    10,    120. 

15,54 
mappa  5,  27 
mappae  1 1,  191 
Marcellis  2.  145 
mare  1,  54.  2.  25.  3,  55. 

6,  94.  6.  94  283.  10. 
176.  12,  62.  13,  69  155. 
14.276.  15.16 

margioe  1.  5.  3,  19.  4,30 

mana  4.  83 

maribus  1.  04.  2.  89 

marinis  3.  238 

marinos  14.  283 

mariquc  14.  222 

maris  13,  246 

marif^Cie  2,  13 

maritali  6.  43 

mariti  2.  120.  6.  229  232 

291  463  509  611  652 
marito  3.   91.   6,   10    136 

400  466.  7,25.  11,201 
maritos  1,  72.2,  138.9.26 
marilum     I,    121.    6,    100 

149  619 
maritus   6,   211   432   475. 

7.  169.  10.  312 
Marius  1,49.  8,  120 
marmora  1,  12.  3.  20  215. 

9,  104 
marmore  3.  205.   14,  95 
marmorea  4,  112    R,  230 


492 


VERBAL  INDEX 


marmoreis  7,  80 
marmoreum  8,  55 
inarmoreus  13,  115 
marmoribus  6,  430.  14, 90 
MaroDem  6,  436 
Maroni  7,  227 
Maronis  11,  178 
marras  3,  311 
xnarris  15,  167 
Mars  6,  59.  14.  261 
Marsos  3,  169 
Marsus  14,  ISO 
Marsya  9,  2 
Marti  16,  5 
Martique  2,  31 
Marlisl.  8.  9,  101.10,83 

314.  13,  79 
massa  6,  421 
Massa  1,  35 
massae  10, 130 
mater  3,  212.  6.  167  239. 

10,  195  232  290 
materia  11,  133.  14,  17 
matcritc  1,  151 
materiam3,  147.   10,  47 
materianrxiue  7,21 
matcrno  6,  631 
maternos  14,  26 
mathematicis  14,  248 
mathematicus  6,  562 
Matlio7,  129.  11,34 
Mathonis  1.  32 
matre  7,  196.  9,  61 
matrem6,  173.  7.  146.  11, 

152 
matri  14,28 
matiibus  11,71 
matris  3,  176.  6,  565.  9, 

23.   11,  18.  12,8 
matrisque  6,  512 
matrona  1,  69.  3,  110.  6, 

49  250  448  497 
matroDae  10,  319 
malronis  8,  267 
matura6.  369.  14,  83 
maturse  14,  216 
maturius  11,  88 
maturus  8,  169.  12,  7 
matutinis  12,  92 
matutino4,  108.  6,  523 
mavis  10,  99 
Maura  6,  307.  10.  224 
Maur^  12,  4 
Maurae  6,  308 
Mauri  5,  53. 6. 337.  11,125 
Mauro  10,  148.  11,  125 
IVIaurorum  14,  196 
Maurus  3,  79 
maxima  5,  66  99.  6,  155. 

8,  1 12.   10,  24.   12,  52. 

14,  17 


roaximuft  3,  310.  7,  193 

media  8,  217 

medial,  157.  10,166.  11, 

112.  14,  190 
medi»5,  106.  7,222 
mediam  2,  144.  6,  54  102. 

6,  46 
mediamqiie  3,219.  11,  112 
medias  4,  138 
medicamen  14,  254 
medicaroina  6,  595  661 
medicaminibus  6,  472 
medicatum  12,  36 
medici  6,  46 
medicis   6,   370   389.    13, 

124 
medico  2,  13.  16,  12 
medicus  3.  77 
mediis  3,  80.  6,  302 
mediisque  6,  1 08 
mediol,63.  6,  446.  0, 106. 

10,  37.  12,  77.  13.  10. 

14,  129.  16,  38 
mediocri  13,  143 
mediocribus  11,  175 
mcdiocris  6,  582.  13.  7 
meditataque  6,  539 
meditatur  7,  128 
meditalus  4,  112 
mediumque  10,  53 
medius  12,  30 
Medo  10,  177 
Medos  7,  132 
medullas  14.  215 
Medullins  6,  322 
medullis  8,  90 
Megalesia  6,  69 
Mcgalesiacs  11.  191 
mejere  1.  131 
meis  3,  28 
Meleagri  5,  115 
meiior  1,71.  3,93  104.  4, 

lOi.  5,  133  158.  6,  350. 

14.  143 

meliora  3,  220.  12.64 
meliore  3,  82.  14, 35  95  158 
meiiorem  14.  212 
melius  2,  139.   6,  34.   10, 

344.  13,  18  215 
melius2,  56.  7.  124.  14,6. 

15,  106 
meliusue  9.  60 
meliusque  11,  12 
mellis  6,  181 

membra  2,  11.  3,  259.  10. 

198.  11,5.  13.218.  15, 

102 
roembrana  7,  23 
membrorum  10,  223 
memeuto5,  71.   6,  572.  9, 

93 


memiDit  11,  81 
MemDooe  15,  5 
memor  3,  318 
memurabile  2,  113 
memoranda  2,  102 
memoraret  4.  129 
memori  1 1 .  28 
Memphitide  15,  122 
Menalippes  8,  229 
mendacia  7,111 
mendax  10,  174.  15,  16 
roendicaret  4,  117 
roendicat3,  16.  6,  543.  lit 

43 
mendicatus  10.  277 
Menceceus  14,  240 
mensl.  166.5,  1.  10,356. 

13,  194  203 
mensa  6,  305.  8,  178.  15, 

12 
mens^L  1,  138 
menss  2,  110.  6.  630.  8. 

104.  13,211 
mensam  5,  145 
mensamque  3,  169 
meosas   1,  75.    5.    4.    11, 

117 
mensG  3,  9.    6.   153  406. 

9,68 
menses  5,  19 

mensis,  nomwative,  6,  571 
mensis.d!>/a(.  14,182.15,42 
mensura  4,  72.   9,  34.   10, 

98.  11,35.  14,93  316 
mensura  10,  101 
mensuram  1,  41 
mente  15,  130 
mentem   6.  531   611.    13> 

220 
mentes  14.  284 
mentibus  6,  317 
mentio3.  114.  6.508.  11. 

184 
mentiri  3,  41 

mentis  7.  66.  14,  175  226 
meotita  6,  123 
Mentore  8,  104 
mera  6,  187 
mercaris  14.  143 
mercatorO.  153.  14.269 
mercatoremque  13,  154 
meroe  4.  33 
mercede  14,273 
mercedem  1,  42.  3,  15.  5, 

13.  7.  149  157  158 
mercedes  8.  246 
meices  7.  175  228.  14.  164 
mcrcibus  14,  288 
mcrcis  14,  201 
merentem  16,  55 
mereaiur  1,  37 


TO  JCVENAL. 


mererii  8,  35 

mJilix  7.  88.   16,2  53 

mirabete  12,  78 

meretrii  6.  1 18 

railitii  3.  248 

mirabile  12,  73 

■nerctur  6. 532 

miUe  3,  8.  7.  39.   12.  46 

mirabilii  3,  98 

mtrgat  13.  8 

122.  14,12  274.   16.43 

miranda  7,  200.   16,27 

mugaturS,  86 

44 

miraodis  13,  66 

mergece  14,  9 

milloima  7,  100 

Tiurandum   «).  3i.  12,  134 

DKrgclur  6.  523 

Ttiillia  2.  151.  9.  140.   15. 

mirnniiusoue  10,  161 

ii.e<i:al0,57 

61.  16.  25 

mirante  2;  67 

l,.rn  e.  319 

mUUbus  4,  IS.  5.  60 

miranlit  12,  Ifi 

ncritis  14,  163 

Miloai  2,  26 

irirarelur  8.  264 

•miitO  2,  34.   3. 

221.    8. 

niilvM  9.  65 

mirarill,  100 

114.  10.308.  15.24 

mimuDi6,608.    13.110 

miranii  4,  62 

incriloria  3,  334 

m™«a5,  157.  8,198 

miraluf  3,  90.  4.  102.  13, 

nKrilnoi  3,  127.  9, 

82.  12, 

rainici  10.  52 

162.  14,  120 

124 

mmanlur  3.  256 

mire  14.  24 

Defo.^b,ia»iiv^,3 

,SB3.  6, 

mioalur  7.  127.  14,  294 

303.   I'2   n.  16, 

48 

Minervicia.  82 

mircturu!  195 

mero,  iidjttli't,  6. 

169 

MinervamS.  133  219.    10, 

mirk  13.  70 

M«roe6.  528.  13. 

163 

UG 

mena  14.  301 

minslur  6.  669 

meisU  11.40 

ipiiiin..  6.  91 

■ni«ce  14,  :122 

ncrniue  B.  226 

iniainiii2,  161 

niistea.  2.  25 

•Deruit  6.  219.  7. 

216.  8. 

miKcllanea  11.20 

260 

mimmaoM.  124 

miscereS,  61 

MesMlirtie  10.  333 

misccl  1.70 

in««tro7.  112 

mmimh  4.  8 

miscuiie.220.  10,163.  14, 

■i>>i>iml9ll.36 

174 

met3tlol3.3') 

iiilnimi=(|ue  6,  3j!) 

miselliu  13.213 

inturiim  0  583 

mimmo  5,  123 

miser  4.23.  7,27  117.  9, 

ATelFlli  6.  263.  IS 

.109 

minimociue  1.  14 

45.    10,  332.    13.   112. 

n)etmi9,  71 

minimum  6.  269.    15,  24. 

14.  64. 

meluque.  tioiin,  14.  232 

16.8 

mls«ral4.  304 

DWM.  3.  IBG 

melitnr  6,  358 

minimus  10.  217.   13.  179 

65.  9.147.  10.269.  15. 

QKiralam  3,  246 

nimjler  5.  63 

97 

DiGlu  13.  204 

ministri  5,  83.  II,  161 

■niMrabil'ior  9,  6 

melNam  5.  5 

ministro 2,98.  3,46.  12.14 

mw[,Ll,ili,2,  IB.   12.67 

•netuu  3.  302 

minor  3,  23   125  100  203. 

4,   41.    6.    168.    6.  604 

misern^qu'e  9.  127' 

tnetucDiT.  210.  13 

1,90 

646.7.  72.   11.  61.    13. 

mUeramS.lB.  9,  113 

150.  14.165.   15,  140 

raetueolem  14,  96 

mlDoia  10.  101 

mclties  e,  38 

minorem  4,  61.    8,  4.    12, 

nii>eri2.  1.59.  6.424  463 

metuel  10.312 

56 

miserisl.  134.  8,122 

roeluiqiK.  h,JimlW€ 

,  6.  517 

minor«1.148.  6.1M4M. 

mifero  4.  99.    5,  87.   10. 

mtluque  14,303 

8.234 

200.    14,246 

178 

tninori6,513.  13,48 

roiseros  7,  154.   10.  296 

iiielDnDLl4.  ioi  ' 

mLaotil.us2.  146.  14.189 

miitirlniin      .  12 

Uicipitmm  5,  89 

minorii  4.  25.  7,187 

miwrum  3,  6.  7.  161.   8. 

inicturieate  16,  40 

Minlgraarumque  10,  276 

76.  13,48  161 

miDu,7.2l7 

■nifit  2,  148.  4.20.  5,92. 

nigra  6,  171 

iiiini-i»2,71.  5.157.  6.210 

10.  132 

migmre  11,  SI,  IS 

.131 

620.  9.45.  10.327.  14. 

misiis  6,  233 

migraret  T,  7 

140 

misBo  4.  144 

mietAue  .1,163 
■oifea  8.  79.    10, 

minulal  14,  129 

mls^um  13.  250 

18  267. 

miuula<l4.  291 

mU^uni.  5.  32 

11.  102.  16.  16 

miDud  13.  189 

mijsm  11.63 

Nitelo.  fi.  296 

minuio  6.  546.  9,  137 

mile  4.  82.  13.  184 

liiilitt2.  155,  16.  1 

18 

ininiii3.  107 

mileru  14,15 

mililil  10.  9 

mira  8,  108 

Mithridates  14,253 

nilitihu  16,51 

mirabantur  10,  127 

miliur  6,  489 

VERBAL  INDEX 


mitiu.  10.  IBS 

molli  3, 99.  6, 63 

monum  6,  1 

milra  3. 66 

mo1liil,83.6,366S14 

morbi  3,  336 

milWiS.  119.   8.  180 

9 

molliDi  2.  165.  8 

15. 

mwlHi  14,  156 

60  70 

66 

morbo3.60.  9,49.13,211 

mitlat  7.  74 

molliqos  5.  70 

morbonim  iO,  2l9 

miiwe,  171  173 

mollis  9.  38 

■nitiebiDtiirS,  108 

mon]eat6,633 

millenlura.  169.  14,147 

ma11iu>6.  laS 

maidenu  9,  10 

millcre  12.  43.   13. 1  M 

Molo9aol2.10B 

mordueS.ll.  11,67.15, 

mittie,  S63 

Muloe^ceH.  162 

87 

R)iltit3,45.  11,134 

momurdil?    9 

mordtt  6, 302 

mildtB  6,  466 

monciat  8,  91 

D>oide(iii3,  91 

B>iit(w6,625 

mooeglii  6.  346 

more  2,  87  116.  3,361.  8, 

niobiliil3.230 

mODCDt  15,  10? 

156.  13.38.  16,15 

moneo  6, 639 

more(2,  170.  3.63.  4,83. 

modulo  10,  300 

mooch  6,  530 

6.  84  340  298.  7,  337. 

modi  7,  100 

mooeia  7,  55 

10.298  323.        92.13, 

ModlamS,  130 

moDilia  2.  85 

15!)  339.  14,  15 

modica  12,  66 

monarii  14,  137 

modi™  4,  30 

mohbuil,  147.  2,2  39.  3. 

modicam  13,  143 

raonilu  U,  228 

140.  6.  45.  8.  21.   11, 

modic«5.  108.  14,15 

iiions  6,  649 

57.  13,  204.  14,  74  323 

modicoS.  9.   10,289 

ra>,njtf:i.  „™„,  2, 

133 

6. 

mowrU  14.  349 

modio  14,  126 

ifie  G-15.    1-1,  283. 

15, 

moriiii.ea 

modii  6.  406.  7,  19.  0 

73 

172 

moritur3.'232 

inodium  3.  220 

moDstraDlH,  3  208 

moiiuatuc3.    40 

inadD  2,  73    135  160 

3 

monalraate  14,10 

ihornrS,  1B3 

254.    ■!,  77.    5,   SI 

6 

monslrare  2.  42. 
45-  14.  lOS 

7,56 

8. 

mots  4  95.  10   172 

S5275    7.152  195 

8 

mono  4.  142.  15,9 

99  135  237.  9,  96  124 

monslrat  10,  48 

13,73.   14,86  117  298 

monstrata  14.  37 

morauque'14,397 

15.98  119 

moitaliJ  13,  76 

modum  6,  3S9 

morlariaV,  ITO 

roodumquc  8,  Bfl 

monstris  6,  647 

mune  6.  221    654.    8.  85. 

modus  3,  310.  14.172 

368. 

14. 

10,113.   11,45.    13,53. 

mcccha2,*a 

250    ' 

13.54 

mcGL-hj.  6. 278 

4.2  45 

morlen>  8,  196.   10,  348 

mceehi  1,  55 

IIS.  0,  3B.   13 

65. 

15, 

mones  1,144 

mcechi9  6,  46S 

121 

niorlirera  9.  95.  10.  10 

moiiWDi  6,  5 

morUf«fil4.221 

moKh™  2,  27.  e,  24. 

10 

n.oQOniil.68 

mmUfero4,  113 

220  317.  14,26 

MoDlam4,  107 

moriU  10.  357 

moEchum  6,  100  464. 

monlaoum  2,  74 

mofluoaS.  172.  16.79 

30 

Monlanu>4,  131 

rauniin4.lX  14.62 

mcecbuB  9,  25 

monle  6,  344.  8, 

245. 

11, 

tnoa  G.  .W2.  10,  212 

DiiEnia  6,  B3.  15,  28 

Mou>  14.  102 

mucrore  10.245 

monKm  1.  82.   3 

358 

5, 

molc  10.  21 

Alffisorum  <»,    43 

77.  10,  153.  14 

,  144 

molus  3,  42 

HKCilai,  lOy 

monin  9.  54 

TnoF«Qll('.2U2.  13,35 

moeslam  11,  197 

moniibD)  5.  33.  6 

58  637. 

movcbaal  a.   1 

m<EBlitiall,S3 

7,211.   11.26  159. 

13, 

movebiie.-a07 

moUm  8.  67 

129.  14,  88 

moyebunl-,  171 

raolaiEilS,  212 

moDui  8.  39 

molon  S,  160 

moouitll.114 

mole  12,  1! 

nionychut       1 

movenlur  6.  31 1 

molem  16.  26 

uiura^.  167,   6, 

M3. 

10, 

moYfral  10.39.  15.16 

mnl-.  la.  75 

340.  12.111  (ic 

moverie,  419.  13.87 

roalesu  8,  235 

mora  6,  238  327. 

16,4 

4 

movent  6.  243 

n.ollel.69 

moianturll,64 

■nateilS.  114 

uiolles  I,   104.   2,  47 

3 

moinm   1,   125. 

t, 

250 

niovei6,71.  8.303.  14,5 

202.  6,  91  300.  12.  85 

267 

TO  JUVENAL. 


495 


movisM  6,  538 

mox  3,  247  280.  6,  26.  6, 
23  127  224.  9.  39.  10, 
319.11,  168.  12,20  60. 
13,  169.  14,  99  125  161 

mucida  5,  68.  14,  128 

Biucius  l,n54.  8,264 

mucroDem  14, 217 

mugilis  10,317 

mugire  14,  286 

muirituin  1,  53 

inuls  7,  181.  13.  66 

mulier  2,   123.   3,  95.  6, 
262  440  457.  10, 328 

mulino  16,23 

mulio  3,  317 

muUonimqae  6,  40 

mullum  4,  15.  11,  37 

mullus  5,  92 

molta2.59.  7.  101.  8.7 

multicia2,  66  76.  11,  186 

multis  10,  9 

multo  4,  47.  13, 196 

multoraiD  6,  126 

multum  3,  285.  10,  3.  12, 
46  66 

multiu  8,  104 

oaaDds  7,  181 

mimdi  10,  169.  12,  48.  15, 
147 

mnndique  6,  586 

maDdam  13,  87 

muDera  3,  36.  9,  53.   10, 

358 
munere  1,  35.  2. 148.  4, 18 
iDuoeribos  10, 306 
iDunicipalis  3.  34.  8,  238 
municipes  4,  33.  14, 271 
manimenta  9,  29 
inoniret  8,  248 
manitam  10,  171 
munos  14,  183 
manuscala  6,  36 
murena  5, 99 
mures  3,  207 
marmura  6,  539.  10,  89 
murmare  5,  67.    10,  290. 

13,  224 
muro  4, 132 
muros  8,  240 
murrhioa  6,  156.  7, 133 
iDOf  6,  339 
Musaram  7,  37 
mustacca  6,  202 
mosto  9,  58 
mustrnn  10,  250 
muU  8,  56 
mutaodom  6, 94 
mntare  8,  65.  14,  55 
mutari  13,  240 
inutatii6,  471 


mutonim  15,  143 
mutuus  15,  149 
Mycale  5,  141 
Mycenis  12,  127 
MycoDis  8,  102 


N. 


Nabathsoll.  126 

Nsvole  9,  1  91 

nanuiD  8,  32 

Narcissi  14,  329 

naresque  14.  194 

naribiu  6.  108 

narrare  12,  82 

narraret  15,  14 

narrasse  11,  202 

narrat  6,  412 

narrate  4,  35 

narratur  2,  164 

nasceDti  12,  9 

nasci  10,  50 

nascitur  9,  83 

nascuotur  14, 242.  15,  10 

nasi  10.  199 

naso  1.  57.  6,  148 

nasoque  8,  5 

Dasorum  5,  47 

nassae  12,  123 

nasus  6,  495.  15,  55 

nata  4.  140 

natffi  15,  68 

natali  12,  1 

oatalibus  5,  37.  6,  323.  8. 

231 
nata]i8  9,  51 
natalitium  11,  84 
natam  10,  122 
natantem  10,  257 
natantes  14,  8 
nataret  11,94 
natas  11,  117 
natat  4,  55 
natavit  8,  265 
nates  6,  612 
nati  3,  156.  6,  12.  13,  84 

142 
natio  3,  100 
natis  9,  1 1 
natisque  10,  201 
natorum  6.  175.  10,  241 
natos  6,  86  627 
Natta  8,  95 
natum  1,  141 

natura  1,  79.  2,  140.  10, 
152  279  301  303.  12, 
41  79.  13,  30  166  236 
239.  14,  31  321.  15, 
132 
natura  13,  88 


naturae  3,   123.    10,  359. 
15,  138 

natus  1,  104.  3,  80.  8,   14 
259.  13.  17 

nave  9,  149.  10,  185 

navem  12,  56.  14,  288 

naufragium  12,  22 

naufragus  14,  301 

navibus  8,  106.  9,  132 

navigio  1 ,  82 

navim  6,  98 

naulum  8,  97 

nauseat  6,  433 

nauts  12,  82 

nautas  6.  101 

nautise.  154.  8,  174 

ne  2.  42 

nebula  10.  4 

nebulone  14,  9 

necandos  6,  596 

necari  13,  176 

necat  10.  316 

necesse  3,  290 

nectare  13,  44 

necte  6,  51 
nectit  7,  18 
nefanda  15.  165 
nefandaB  13,  174 
nefandi  15,  116 
nefas  2,  127.  8,  41  83.  13, 
54  238.14,188.15,912 
negabit  14,  134 
negat  1,  79.  3.  208 
negaverit  10.321 
negavit  3.  168 
negein  1,  105 
neget  10,  87.  13,  77 
neglecta  9,  15 
neglectum  5,  16 
negligis  2,  132 
negligit  9,  92 
negotia  11,  181.  14,264 
nemo  2,  83.  4.8.  6.562.7, 

223.  13,3  76.  14,233 
nemore  15,  152  161 
nemorosa  3,  191 
nemorum  4,  6 
nempe  3,  95.   8,  57   164 
180.    10,    110  160   185 
326.   13,  166  181 
nemus  3,  13 
nepotes  2,  128.  8,  67 
neptes  6.  265 
Neptune  13.  81 
Neptuni  13,  152 
nequam  6,  197 
neque  1,  89.  3,79  110.  4, 

41.  14,  127 
nequeo  3,  42.  T,  56 
nequeunt  2,  138 
nequicquam  8,  205 


49G 


VERBAL  INDEX 


nequitiae  14,  216 

Nero  8,  223.  10,  308.  12, 

129 
Nerone  8,  72  193 
Neronero  8,  170 
Neroni4.  38.  8,212 
Neronis  4,  137.  6.  615. 10, 

15 
nervi  9,  34 
nervus  10,  205 
nescia  13,  240 
nesciat  10,360 
nescierint  15,  168 
oescio  1,  130.  3,  41.  11, 

48.  16,30 
nescire  6, 188.  7,  97 
nescis  3,  200.  5,  159.  13, 

33 
nescit  5.  60.  6.  247  301. 

12,28.  14,231.  15,  1 
nescius  11,  100 
Nestora  12.  128 
Nestoris  6.  326 
neu  14,  203 
oi  3,321.  9,  71.  10,  155 

339 
niceteria  3,  68 
nido  1,  116.  5,  143 
nidoreS,  162 
nidos  14.  80 
nigra  3,  30.    13,  45.    14, 

294 
nigra  10,  245 
nigra;  7,  192 
nigram  16,  II 
nigras  2,  150 
nign5,  53.  13.245 
nigro  6.  370.  7.  227.  15, 

49 
nigroque  6.  165 
nigios  1.  72 
nigrum  6,  120 
nigrumque  6,  343 
nihil  3.  84  109  112  209.4. 

70  99.  5,6.  6,2\3twice 

284  331  460.  7,  71.  8, 

75.  10,  155  360.  13,  18 

227.   15.88 
nihilo5,  134 
nil   1,   147.  2,   139.  3,  51 

twice  152  208  295.  4,  22. 

5,  148.  6.58  86  173212 

222  234  324  457  twicr, 

7,54  160  206.  8.52  64. 

9,34.  10,71  72  82  346. 

11,  121   twice.  14,44  97 

185  29i  mice  313.    15, 

118.  16,  12 
Nili  13.  27 
Niliaca:  1,  26 
Nilo  15,  123 


Niloque  10.  149 

NUum  6,  83 

nimbis  1,  81 

nimbo  5,  79 

nimbos  7.  163 

nimboso  4,  87 

nimia  12,97 

niraifi  10,  12.  15.77 

nimiseque  11,  194 

nimias  10, 105 

niraio  10,  252 

niroios  10,  104.  11,  127. 
13,  11 

nimirum  2,  104.  7,  78.  10, 
248.  14,  54 

Niobe6,  177 

Nipbatem  6, 409 

nisi  2.  152.  3,  49  172.  6. 
186  250  518  581.  7,87 
140.  8,  53  57  199.  10, 
338.  11,  122.  14,  103 

nitent  12,  91 

niteutia  12,  88 

nitet7,  181.  15,4 

nitidas  14,  60 

nitidi  3,  157 

nitidique  II.  176 

nitidis  14,2 

nitidos  6,  8 

nitor3.  180.  9,  13 

niveam  12,  3 

nivtrique  7,  221 

nivemque  10,  152 

niveos  10,  45 

niveus  5,  70 

nobile  1 1 ,  95 

nobilior  6,  176 

nobili8  6,81.  7,  191.  8,  41 
49  60  199  253.  15,113 

nobilitas  8. 20  139 

nobilitate  1,  34.  4,97 

nobiiium  7,  91 

nobis  2,  121.  3.  92  126 
243.  6,  147.  8,  71.  9, 
115.  10,  348.  11,  131. 
14.  40187.  15,  149 

nobiscum  1.  101 

nocens  6,  620.  13,  3 

nocentem  6,  647 

Doccntes  13,  lOI 

nocentibu*  13,  234 

nocet  10,  324.  14,  153 

nocitura  10,  8  ttcice 

nocle  2,  161.  3,  105  127 
198  275.  6,204  419  420 
475  531.  7,  61.  8,  149. 
9,  76.  10,  20  235.  11, 
112  185.  13.  198  217. 
14,  146  190  296.  15,43 
noctem  3,  279.  5,  54 
noctesque  4,  137 


noctibiu  1,  38.  6,302  309 

noctb  3,  268.  7,  222 

Docta  6,  35  605.  14^  306 

Doctuma  8.  233 

Docturaas  3,  12 

nocturnes  6,  118 

noclurnos  8,  144 

nocuit  .5,  154.  13, 227 

nodos  8,  50 

nodosam  8.  247 

nodus  5,  165 

nolentem  9,  1 13 

noleoti  15, 123 

nolet  6,  213 

noli  1,  126.  6,378 

nolis  5,  54 

nolit  5.  24 

nollet  6,  254.   13.  187 

nolo  8.  275 

noluerim  8,  75 

nolunt  10.  96 

nomen  1,  153.  5,  46.  7,  9 

110  234.  8.36  273,  11, 

22.  12.72.  13.30 
nomina  5.  127.  6,  604.  8, 

132  255.  10,219  234 
nomine  1,98.  8.31 
nomiois  6,  385.  8.  241.  13, 

248 
non   1.  30  51   52  93  131 

153.  2,8  25  36.  3,6  48 

60  1 10  twice.  6.395  twia. 

7.  14.  8,  43.  9.  6  8  24, 

10.  6  40  164  thrice,  &C 
nona  13,  28 
nondum  1,  114.  2,  152.  5, 

1.  6,  15  16.  13,49.  14, 

11  215  249  327.  15,24 
nonue  1 ,  63.  2,  34.  3, 249. 

6,34 
ndrunt  3,  46 
nos  1.  15  twice  112  159.  2, 

51.  3,  75   159   193.  5, 

168.  8,  163.   9,  .';.    13, 

13  &c. 
noscenda  1 1 ,  35 
ndsse7,  157.  13,  195 
nosterll,  143.  13,  244 
nostra  3.   84.   6,   254.   7, 

171.  10.25.  11,177203. 

14,39  91 
nostra  6.25.   14,  16 
nostr^que  11,  117 
nostras  9,  94 
no.<(trasquc  15,  110 
nostri  1,  86.  3,  318.  8.44. 

11,77.  15.  133 
nostrique  9,  137 
nostris  1.   147.   3,  5a  6, 

188.   12,   108.   14,  123. 

15, 153 


TO  JUVENAL.  407 

» 

a,  48.   4,   115.  12,  nudisque  6,  491  Numidaram  7,  182 

)3.  15,  31  68  Dudo  A,  49.   7,  16.    U,  43  Numidas  4,  100 

im  3,  145  96  numina  6,  568.    14,  182. 

10,273  nudum  3, 210.   8,205.   9,  15,1136 

i  5,  94.  12,  89  35.  11,  170  numioe  13,  231 

.r(ic//i/«,  1,7.6,313.  nudus  2,  71.    4,100.    5,  Duminibus  10,  HI  347.  13, 

41.  14,248  163  48 

123   .  nugas  11,  169  DumiDis  3,  138.  6,  342.  13, 

9  6,  3§i  nugis  4,  150  202  219 

308  nulla  2,  8.  3,  22  197.  6,  8.  numis  1 ,  48.  1 1>  19 

i  3,  35  6,  36  180  201  221  242  Numitor  7,  74.  8,  93 

15,45  333  357  508  580.    7,30  numorum  1,  114.   3.  143. 

s  16,35  187.  8,64.  10,25.   11,  8,  101 

,142  120131. 12,98  llUurtre.  numos  6,  646.    7,140.    8, 

,25  13,42.  11,120256257.  130.  10,319.  13,2594. 

7,3  1.5,60  16.40 

ia2,  10.  10.  23  Dul]4  4,  2.  10,  110  uumquam  3,  44  121.  4,  80 

>us6,  42  156  nullam  6, 208.  12, 32.  14,  114.    5,32.    6,601.   8, 

I.  153  19  183  220  252.  9, 100  130. 
1,58.3.174.10,353  nullane  6.  161.  13,  174  10,68  181  314.  11,  15. 

32  145.  2,  120.  3,  nullas  1,  114  12,  74.  14,  26  224  321. 

nulHl,7  163.    3.47  197.  15,34 

,85  4,139.    6,630.    10,77.  numquamne  1,  1 

14,  148  12,  106.  15,  55  numquid  2,  51.  11,  56 

4,  95  nnllif  6,  506  589.    8,  219.  numus  6,  364 

4,  136  11,  64.  13, 181.  14,  165  nunc  1,  39  95.  2,  37  162. 

B  6,  403.  7,  234  nullius  6.  379  3,  13  49  56  58  225  268. 

Iil2,  71  nuno2, 90.    3,28  94.    4,  4,  11.   5,  113   141.    6, 

7,  231  152.  8,  54  193.  11,  116.  292  345  393  659.  7,  36 

It  6,  337  13,  30  87.  15,  26  140.  8,  108.  9,  12  125. 

6  nullos  6,  13  10,  43  79  210  225  310. 

i3, 265  nullum  1,56.    3,278.    6,  11,  64  79  181.     12,  48 

1 2,  52  294  547.   8,128.    9,27  57.  13,  60  140.  14,  29 

,  102  82  turitfe.  10,  365.  12,  21.  .      87  88  172  189  250.  15, 

6,  75  13, 118  126.  14, 315  70  97  110  172.  16, 36 
iia6.  356  nuUus  1,  139.    2,110.    3,  nuntiet  10,  216 

HUB  11,  42  22.    5.  138.    6,  33  656.  nuper  1,  111.  2,  29.  4,  9. 

,  77.  6,  402.     11,  7,8.  9,  13.  10,306.  14,  8,  120.   9,  22.   12,   16. 

224.  15,  31  15,  27 

I  12,  111  Numa  3,  12  138  nupsit  6,  141 

1 1  Nums  6,  343.  8,  156  nupta  2, 120.  6,  82  269 

n  7,  189  Numantinos  8, 11  nupts  11,  201 

10,  250  mimen  3,  19.  10,  365.  13,  nupUm  3,  45 

,  237  37  102.  14, 97  315  Nursia  10, 74 

1,591  numera9,  41  nnrum  14,  220 

61.  12,  19  numerante  6,  382  nnrus  1,  77 

eie  13,  167  numerare  16.  1  nusquam  3,  125.  5,  8.  8, 

us  2,  137  nuraeras6,  169  152 

10,  330  338  numerata  14,  133  nuUnt  3,  256 

3,  42.  14,  97  292  numerentur  9,  42  nuUntem  15, 156 

12,  118  numeres  8, 131  nutantia  2,  125 

,  134  numeret  5,  41  nutare  6,  411 

II,  119  numeris  6,  576  nutricem  6,  354.  7,  234 
•,  144  numero  6. 385. 13, 26  nutiicis  6, 593 

,  216.  6,  122  491  numeros  6,  249  nutricula  7,  148 

7,  35.  15,  54  numerasa  7,  151.  10,  105  nutrit  14,  75 
»  23  65  numerum  9,  90  nutrita  3,  85 
11,106  numeru8  2,  46.   6,229.   7,  nutritu8  3,  117.  12,  12 
1,84  102  Nys«que7, 64 

232.  14,308  numi  5,  136.    13,  131.   14, 

,  43.  6,  606  139  260 

3s 


c 


490 


VERBAL  INDEX 


o. 

O  Corydon  9,  102 

o  demens  6,  222 

o  ferrea  7,  150 

o  fortuDatam  10,  122 

o  gloria  10,  159 

oLybie5.  119 

o  medici  6,  46 

o  numi  5,  136 

o  pater  2,  126 

o  parvi  9,  137 

o  proceres2,  121 

o  pueri  14,  180 

o  qualis  10,  157 

o  quaotu8  6,  317 

o  sanctas  gentes  15, 10 

o  vanissime  14,  211 

ob  12.  15 

obducta  9,  2 

obit  6,  559 

obiter  3,  241.  6,481 

oblectaut  14,  265 

oblique  2,  94 

obliqaas  3,  64 

obliquo7,224 

oblita  7,  100 

obIivio6,613.  10,204 

obrepit9,  129 

obniit  10.  142 

obruta  15,  6 

obrutus  14.  297 

obscoena  6,  298 

obscoenis  2,  9.  11,  172 

obscoeno  6,  513 

obscuri  6,  145 

obscunor  11,  125 

obscurisque  6,  131 

obtequere  10,  343 

observaodisque  6,  536 

observant  6,  159 

observare  7.241 

observet  5,  41 

obses  2.  166 

obsidet  10,  17 

obsidionis  15,  96 

obstabit  3,  60 

obstante  6,  213 

obstantibus  11.  15 

obstas  14,  250 

obstat  3,  164  194  243. 
154 

obstet  14,  49 

obstitit  4,  62 

obstricta  10,  B8 

obtritum  3.  260 

obvia6.  412 

obvius  8,  159.  10,  83 

occasio  13.  183.  15,  39 

occidatl3,  158 


occidere  2, 104.  6, 628. 10, 

96.  U,  331 
occiderit  10,  221 
occidime  15.  170 
occidilS,  116.  7,  154 
occidunt  3,  37 
occulu  8,  107  266.  9,  101 
occulti  6,  271.  7,  200 
occaltis  3,  50.  12,42 
occultum  13,  195 
occultas  11,  58 
occurras  1,  18.  9,  2 
occurrent  6, 655 
occarrere  5,  54.  9,  44 
occurrit  1,  69.  3,  215.  15, 

139 
occumint  12.  77.  14,  292 
occurtu  6,  418 
occursum  8,  152 
occursas  8,  572.  10,  48 
Oceani   11,  94  113.     14, 
283 

OceaDO  10,  149 

Ocean  um  2.  2 

ocelli  6,  109  578 

ocellot  6, 8 

ocius6.  53  148  416.  7,24. 
14.  252 

ocreas  6,  258 

octav^  1,  49 

Octavius  8.  242 

octo  6,  229.  7,  142 

octogesima  4,  92 

octogesimus  9, 191 

oculique  6,  145 

oculis  6,  433.  8. 5.  10,  32 
333.  11,  168.  14,  65 

oculo  6,  54 

oculorum  15,  58 

oculos  2,  95.  8,  150.  10, 
228.  12,  96.  13,  133 
144 

oculosque  7,  241 

oculum  16,  12 

oderat  4,  73 

oderit  6,  183 

oderuDt  6,  627 

odi  6,  451 

odimus  3,  214 

odio  10,  329 

odit  6,  272  510.  7,  35.  8, 
6,        202.  9,  96.  10,  73.   15, 
37  71 

odium  15,  34  51 

odor  14,  ?04 

odore  5,  150 

odorem  6,  132 

odoris  11,  74 

oeDophonim  6,  426.  7,  11 
(Bstro  4,  123 
ofellae  11,  144 


offtm  16,  11 
offiu  2,  33.  e,  472 
ofTendere  16, 24 
offense  4, 106 
offida  7,  107.  10,  46 
oflBcii  2.  184 
officio  6,  203 
officiomm  5,  13 
officiam  2, 132.3,126239. 

11,  114 
Ogulnia  6,  359 
olebit  5,  87 
olei  7,  99 
olentis  14,  269 
olet  6,  431 
olfecisse  7,  225 
<^da  8,  157 
olido  11,  J  70 
olim3. 163.  4,96.  5,110. 

6,  42  90  157  281  346. 

8,  98.  10,  78   142   163 

173.11,77.14,180  225 
olimqiie  9,  17 
oliva  14, 144 
oli?e  13,  99 
olle  14,  171 
oluscula  11,  79 
Olyntbi  12,  47 
omen  4,  12^5 
omenta  13,  118 
omne  1. 149.  3.260.  5.93. 

6,  23.  8.  122  140. 9,  88. 
10,219  320.  11,4.  15, 
174.  16,54 

omoem  8, 132.  13,  204 
orones  1,  24.  2,  44.  3. 183 
308.  5,  169.  6.  151  197 
249  336  450  592  606. 

7,  70  167  231.  9,  106 
132.  10,  47  67.  12, 90. 
13,  5  188.  14,  41  209. 
15,62  99.   16»60fifJM 

omneeque  16, 20 
oroni  1,59.  3,  104.  4.14. 
6,163.  8,209  239  256. 

10,  232  253   280  303. 

11,  143.  13,24.  14,11 
68  237 

omnia  2,  4.  3,  38  77  96 
183.  4,  79.  5,  68  123 
158  170.6,166187334. 

8,  70  97.  9,  12.  10.  79 
124  191  265.11,14  110 
176  190.  12.  22  124. 13, 
86  223.  14,53  127  262 
330.  15,  30  107 

omnibus  2,  31  147.  2, 148. 

7.    101.  8,  266.  9,  42. 

10.  1.    11,26.  13,  166. 

15,75 
omnique  11,  172 


TO  JUVENAL. 


499 


15  55  303.  6,438. 
8,100.  11,3136. 

I 

oe  6, 236 
8 
54 
183 
,33 
224 

retium  9,  28.   12, 
14,  281 
.383 
12.92 
42 
,433 
M02 

24  105.  14,  93  120 
I.  24.   2.   129.  3, 
\,  88.  8, 185.  9, 100 
455 
207 

10, 281 
ma  2,  41 
14,  207 
}  322 

,35.  8.  129.  15,  8 
(9,86 
t2,39 
11,  18 
11,158 
10,152 
10.  75 

1,64.  11,  134 
10,  104 
1 10.  346 
i  10,  284 

n  1,  107.  10, 103 
(que  6.  211 
08  10,  7 
),  115.  13,96 
).293 
,  189 

487.    10,  80  115 
14,  140 
,117.  10,187 
276 

1,  38  135.  3,  223. 
S.  15.  133 
4,  78.  10.  331 
66 
2,121.  6.368.  10, 

S40.   6,  43.  8,  35. 

>7 

6,555 

1  10.  356 

,  193.  10,118.  11, 

270 

108.    6.   11    402. 
3 


orbem  4.  37  132.  5.21.  6. 

293  496.    10,   40.    11, 

173.  14.313 
orbes  11,  122 

orbi.  genitive,  4,  19.  6,  548 
orbi,  rum,  plural,  12,  99 
orbibusl,  137 
orbifl,  fiom.  19, 168.  15, 110 
orbis,  genitive,  4,  148 
orbis.  ablative,  3,  129 
orbita  14,  37 
orboniiD  3,  221 
Orcadaf  2.  161 
orchestra  7,  47 
orcbestram  3, 178 
ordine  1,  127 
ordinibus  6,  502.  14,  324 
ordinis  7,  44 
oido  3,  284 
ore  3, 267.  7,  167.10,232. 

14,  138  205 
Orestes  I,  6.  8, 220 
orexim  6,  428 
orexis  11,  127 
organa  6, 380 
Orgia  2,  91 
originis  8.  46 
origo  14,  226 
oris  10,  238 
ornamenta  3,218 
ornamentum  3,  204 
ornari  6,  488 
ornata  11,  64 
orDatas  6,  227 
ornate  12,  85 
omatum  10,321 
ornatur  8,  253 
orneotur  6,  79 
ornos  1,  11 
oro  9,  67.  10,  250 
OroDtes  3.  62 
ortu  8. 11 
oryx  11,  140 
oscula  6,  51  367  507 
Osin  8,  29 
Osiris  6, 541 

ossa 3,259.  8,90146. 15,58 
ossea5,  53.   11.  134 
ossibus  15,  80 
ostendas  13,  215 
ostendatur  7,  9 
ostende  14.  60 
osteodebat  11.  97 
osteodeos  1,  124.  12, 13 
ostendere  8,  2.  16,  10 
ostenderet  10.  53.  11,  107 
ostcndis  13,  127 
osten(litl,84.3.151.6,589 
ostenditque  6,  124 
ostia4,  43.  8,171.  9,105. 
13,27 


Ostia  11,49 

ostrea  4,  142.    6.  802.   8. 

85 
Othoni  3.  159.  6,  559 
Otboois  2,  99.  14.  324 
otia  6.  394 
ova  3,  202.  11,71 
ovaoti  8,  28 
ovem  6,  150 
oves  1,  108 
ovili  6,  529 
ovis6,  518.  13,142 
ovo  5,  84.  14.  85 

P. 

Pace?  7,  12 

Paccius  12,  99 

pace  8,  107.  11,  193 

pacem  15,  163 

picis6,292.  9.23.  14,72 

pactam  6,  200 

Pactolus  14,  299 

pactum  6,  25 

Pacuvio  12,  125 

Pacuvium  12,  112 

PacuviM  12,  128 

Pean  6,  172  174 

psni  1,65.  6,563.  9.79 

psnula  5,  79 

pagaoum  16.  33 

pagina  7.  100.  10,  58 

pago  14.  154 

Palemon  7.  219 

Palsmonis  6,  452.  7,215 

palam  2,  136.  10, 334 

Palatt  2.  106.  4,  31 

palatia  9,  23 

Pa1atiDo6.  117 

palato  10,  203.  11,11 

Palforio  4,  53 

pali  6,  247 

palla  10,  263 

Pallaote  1.  109 

palleat  1 .  43 

palleot  13,  223 

pallentis  3,  175 

pallere  7,  97 

pallet  2,  50.  11,48 

pallia  6.  236 

pallida  10,  229 

pallidolus  10.  82 

pallidas  5,  87.  7,  115.   10, 

189 
palliolo  3,  95 
pallor  4,  75 
pallorem  15,  101 
pallait  6,  392 
palroa  8,  58* 
palmft  13,  128 
palmsB  7,  118.  15,76 


500 

palmam  6,  393.  11,  179 

palmas  2,  142 

palmes  8,  78 

palpat  1,  35 

palpetur  10,  206 

palpitet  3,  134 

paludati  6,  400 

paludes  10,  276 

palum  6,  267 

pal  us  3,  307 

pande  1,  150 

pandit  10,  194 

panditur  14,  327 

pane  5,  169.    6,  462.   12, 

60 
panem  2,  107.  6,  67.  10, 

81.   14,181 
panis  1,  120.   10,  200  277. 

14,  128 
paoisque  5,  75 
panni  11,  196.  14,300 
panniculus  6,  260 
pannis  8,  96 
panno  7,  145 
pannosus  10, 102 
Pansa  8,  95 
papillis  6,  122 
pappas  6,  633 
papyro  4,  24.  7,  101 
par  1.  151.  4.97.  5,  114. 
7,  96.  8,  98  215.  10,  98. 
12,4.  13,59.  15,  113 
para  9,  135 

parabat  10,  105.   14,  88 
parabis  14,  55.  15,  129 
paranda  7,  66 
parant  1,  106 
parante  10,  131 
parantur  6,  465 
parari8,  213 
paras  6,  26.  14,48 
parasiti  14,  46 
parasitus  1.  139.  5,  145 
parastis  8,  233 
parat  6,  608.   8,  130.  14, 

273 
parata  6,  207 
paratae  6,  245 
parati  9,  49.   15,  102.    16, 

46 
paratis  6,  16  273 
parato  5,  168.  10,  333 
paratu  14,  13 
paratum  12,  106 
paratur  3, 224.  6,251.  14, 

140 
paratus  3,  106.  5,  56.  9, 

7.  13,  108 
paravi  6,  639 
Parcas  12,  64 
paroas  6,  37 


VERBAL  INDEX 

parcat  6,  208.  14,  287 

parce6,  172.  8,  117 

paroeDdum  14,  215 

parcere  1,  18.  5,  156 

parcetur  14,  246 

parcit  15,  159 

parcius  6,  546 

parcus  14,  112 

pardusS,  36.   11,  123 

parente  14,  9 

parentem  6,   175.   8,  243. 

14,210 
parentes  6, 13.  10, 296  305. 

14,3 
parent!  8,  257 
parentis  7,  209.  8,  45  143. 

9,  87.  14, 56 
parentum  8,  138 
parfire  2,  138 
parere  3,290.  5,64.  10,339. 

12,  107 
pares,   noiut,  S,   104.    15, 

130 
pares,  verh,  14, 200 
paret  11,  21 
paretur  4,  131 
pari  15,  53 
pari  at  5,  141 
paribus  4,  16 
paribusque  14,  17 
Paridemque  6,  87 
Paridi  7,  87 
Paris  10,  264 

pariter  3,  298.   6,  20  315 
328  349  441  576.  9, 109. 
10,  309.  13,  206 
parm4  5,  154 
paropside  3,  142 
Parrhasii  8,  102 
pars  1,26.  3,  171.  5.8.  8, 
44.   9,  120.    12,  26  52. 
13,  157.  15,  3  73  133 
parta  14,  303.  16,  52 
partam  10,  116 
parte  3^  194.  6.  437.  7,  43 
114  159  182.    10.  213. 
11.29  72  101.    12.  48. 
13.136.  14,131.  15,85 
partem  4,  29.  12,  110.  13, 

186.  14.  106 
partemque  14,  78 
partes  1.  41.  4,  2.   7,  123 
Parthenio  12,  44 
Parthoque  6,  407 
partibus  4,  148.  9,  32 
participem  3,  52 
particulam  13,  14 
particulas  15, 79 
partU  10,  209.   14,  94 
partitur  3,  121 
partos  13,  25 


parta  2,  138 
partumque  10.  362 
partis,  ncmimmtive,  6,  626 
partus,  genilive,  6,  592 
parra  1.  96.   6,  184  288. 

12,  87.  14.  93 
parvft  6,  564.  7, 28 
parram  8, 83 
parvaque  10,  170 
paiTas6, 2 
panri  6,  504.  9,  137 
parris  11,96.  13,168.  14. 
319 

pamit  14.  331 

parum  15,  166 

parumper  4,  62.  10,  250 

panro  11,78 

parroqne  14,  5 

parvos  12, 94 

parvala6,  89.  10,340.  15, 
127 

parvalu8  3,204.  5,  138 

panrus  8,  108 

pascaris  5,  150 

pascendi  9,  67 

pasoendum  7,  76 

pascentis  14,  80 

pasci  12,  28 

pascit  3,  141 

pascitur  9.  136.    12,  105 

pascua  9,  55.  12,  13 

pascunt  7,  93 

passer  6.  8.  9,  54 

passi  12,  15 

passis  14, 161.  15,  104 

passos  10.  181 

passum,  subitantint,  14, 271 

passurus  14,  314 

pastor  8,  275 

pastores  6,  150 

pastoribas2,  127 

pastoris  11, 151 

pa  team  6,  31 

patella  5.  85 

patellae  10,  64 

patellas3,  261.  6,344 

patens  1 ,  65 

patent  3, 275.  6,  640 

pater  2,  126.  6,  51  77  394 
600.  7,  166  239.  8,  109 
269.  9,  86.  10, 130.  IS, 
81  84.  14.  99  105  119 
191  255.    16,54  56 

patere  7,  220 

pateris,  oer6,  13,  9  143 

paterni  6,  88 

patemi  6.  355 

paternis  12,  89 

patemo6.  55  57.  11,39 

patet2,89.3,  150.  10,364 

paihid  2, 99 


TO  JUVENAL. 


501 


pathicas  9.  130 

pati  5.  3  25  173.  13,  230 

patieos  1.31.  7,33 

patietur  13,  246 

pathnur  6,  292 

patins  4,  72  133 

patitur  1,  77.  3,  279.   5, 

96.  13,208 
patre  12, 98.  16,  52 
patreiD  8,  244.  14, 96  167 
patres  4,  64.  6, 625. 8, 266 
patri2.  131.7,188 
patria  11,  161 
patrii  3,  29.  4,  24.  10.  60 
patrue  6,  86.   8,  28  244. 

14,70  71  166  239 
patriequeS,  123.6*111 
patriam  4,  129.  6,  34.  8, 

46.  10.  142.  11,62 
patriamque  7.  234 
pallia  mve  6.  576 
patricis  10.  332 
patricias4,  102 
patricioram  8,  190 
patricios  1.  24 
patrns7,211 
patrimonia  1,  138.7,  113. 

10,  13.    12,50  51.    14. 

116  229 
patris  3,  43.  6,  142.  8,  217 
patruis  1,  158 
patram  14,  36 
patruo  2.  33 
patraos  6.  567 
patucruDt  4, 63 
pamit  1,88 
patuls  13.74 
patulas  3.  277 
pauca  5,  107. 8. 108. 10, 19 
pauc«  2,  63  tmc€,  6,  50. 

16.54 
pauci  10.2  112.  11.56 
paucis  3.  301.  9,  60.   10. 

337.  11,  146.  13,47 
paucissima  14.  156 
pauconim  10, 143  344 
paucot  13,  160 
paveot  6.  189 
pavet  6,  238.   15,  3 
pavidoque  6,  96 
pavidum  10,  87.   13.  222. 

16,3 
pavidus  11.  158 
pavimentum  14.  60 
paulatim  2,  84.  6,  19.  13, 

188 
paulatimque  1 .  83 
PauUique  2.  146 
paulo  6.  227.  9.  114 
paulum  11,  47 
Faulus  7, 143.  8,  21 


pavooem  1.  143 

pauper  3. 145  161.  6.113. 

6.72.9,  147.  11,3.  13, 

96 
paupere  6,  166 
pauperibus  5,  61 
pauperis  3.127.299. 14.121 
paupertas  3,  152.   6,  295. 

7,61 
paupertate3, 183 
paupertatem  14,  236 
paupertatis  6.  358 
pax  1,  116 
peccandi  13, 208  241 
peccant  6,  135 
peccat  8.  141 
peccaturo  14. 19 
peccet  14.  63 
pecorum  11,  41 
pectere  14,  216 
pecteris  6,  27 
pectine  6, 370  382.  9,  30 
pectitque  6,  496 
pectora  6,  651.  7,  66  150. 

15,  170 
pectore  5,  80. 6.  93  96  261 . 

11,28.  13,  198.  14.239 
pectus  13,  127 
pecudem  13.  232 
peculia  3.  189 
pecunia  1, 113.  6,  298.  10, 

12.  11,46.  13.34  134. 

14.139 
pecus6,  4.  8,62. 12,  41 
pedc6,  159.  10,5.13,173 
pedem  10,  30 
pedemque  14,  219 
pedes  7,  143.  8,  228 
pedibus  1,  111.   3,27.   6, 

350  427.  9,  69 
Pedo  7,  129 
Pegasus  4,  77 
pe^ma  4.  1 22 
pejerat  13,  91 
pejeret  13.  36 
pejor6,  270.  11.135 
pejora8,  184.  14,67 
pejoraque  13,  28 
pejores  2,  19 
pelagi7,33.  12.  17 
pelagique  1,  136 
pelago  12,  64  77.    14,  277 
pelagus  6,  90 
pelamydum  7,  120 
Pelea  14,  214 
Peleus  10,  256 
Pelidsp  3,  280 
Pellso  10, 168 
pelle  3.  150 
pellem  10,  192 
pellex  2,  57 


pellibus  6,  7.  14,  187 
pelHce  6,  272  627 
peliiculs  1.  11 
Pclopca  7.  92 
pelves  3,  277.   6,  441.   10, 

64 
pelvis  6,  431 
penates  14,  320 
pendebat  4,  88 
pendens  10,  134 
pendent  7,  46 
pendente  3,  196.  6,  650 
pendentesque  10,  193 
pendentia  6,  227.    8,  204. 

11,82 
pendentis  6,  321 
pendentisque  11,  107 
pendere  3,  16.  6,  478 
Penelope  2,  56 
penem  6,  337.  9,  43 
penes  14,  226 
penetrare  5,  106 
penitQs  5,  96.  6,  474 
penns  6,  198 
pennas  3,  80.  6,  101 
pensa  12,  66 
pensilibus  1,  169 
pensio  9,  63 
peperit  3,  233.  6.  633 
per  3,  35.  5,54  77  159.  6. 

244  333.  9,65  112.  10, 

248.11,112.12,75  111. 

li,  63  75  135  186  229. 

15,  56  63  92 
perque7,  132.  13,81 
peiacta  2,  54 
peractft  6,  486 
peracti  10,  6 
peractis  13.  238 
peracto  12,  86 
peractum  5,  93 
peragat  5.  122 
peragenduro  2,  133 
peragentibuM  11,  114 
percurram  10,  225 
percussa  10,  149 
percusses  9,  30 
percussit  15,  66 
percusso  14,  286 
percussore  8,  173 
percussum  1,  54.  3,  271. 

12.20.  15,21 
percussus  1.  163.  4.  124 
percutit  11.  196 
perdas  6.  202 
perdere  1.93.  8,  84  97 
perdldit  3,  209.     10,  228. 

13,72.  14,261 
perdita  3.  73 
perditus  5,  130.     8,  212. 

14,269 


pereti  4,  56.   7,  174  233 

pcregerH  6,  31 
pcceei  6.  640 
pcragit  13.  310 
MrwriD.  4,  137.    e,  225. 
I*.  187 

0*6,398 


pete iiniem  6,  3G2 

pctfertuiLmuil,  * 
peitint  e,  2&1 
pcrGdi  9.  S3 
psifidiam  13,  24 
perBdui  13,  345 
perfniil  7,  104 
peifnndil  5,  B6 
perTuM  S,  303.   M,  60 
pergaat  14,  132 
perEcni  10,  164 
p"gil  1(1.40 
ptrguli  \\.\i1 
pcrhibent  4.  17 
Peribomius  I,  IS 
pcricli  6,  04 
pcricDla  3,  8  Wa.  8,  349. 

11,76.  13,83.  14,314 
pcrieruDl  3,  134 
pariil  4,  153.   6,  476.  10. 

II 
periniit  7, 151 
p«r>lS,260.  6.  S63.  S.BS. 

11.190 
p«ritG,299.  lU,  118 
ptntuTE  1,  18.  6,  435 
perituram  11,  17 

perituroll   107 
periluroilO,  81 
pcrilD*  1,128.  6,586 
periurilS,  174 
penuHaS,  82.  14,218 
peiVge  14,  192 


VERBAL  INDEX 

paipetuni  S,  161 
Penica  14,  336 
Ptnicall,67 
Pcniciu  3.  231 
pcnoDa  3,  96.  4,  IS 
peiioa.!:  3,  17^ 
perMnam  6,  ?0.  8,  229 
pcrtulil  6,93391  8,30! 
perlunde  7,  26 
pertuDdile  6,  46 
pcrtusa  6,  131 
pervaoit  5.  6X  9,  78 
pcrria  13,  80 
pcrviglica  B,  ISB 
pervigili<|ue  15.  13 
p«rvola<  1,  60 
pel  volet  6,  398 
peill,  138 
pcanma  9,  120 
pate  4,  84 
petuuDcalu*  7,  119 
pcu!  7. 163 
VelauiD    4.265 

peiaba*9, 114 
peieni*  6,  575 
ptwn  IS,  150 


peiimoi  10. 3o-< 
peUi  1.  121  123.6,  108.6 
535.   7,99  233.    8.61, 


~.J>7,» 

?^UIra  6, 41 1 
hiEbi  7.  233 
phmninpUnw  1 1, 139 
Pbola  13.46 
phrenaiii  l*.  136 
Phrvgia  6,  516 
Phri'g.aqiie  14,307 
Phcygibiu  7,236.  19,73 
PhrygioS,  115 
Phi^ie.  5B5.   11.147 
phlbiBt  13.  95 
piilS,  116 
piacula  12, 130 

fiaodam  13,  64 
icenb  11,74 
Pkeo>4,  65 
Pico  e,  131 
picU  3.  66.  14,  301 
picM  6,  463.  10, 38 

138 
|HctM8,  157 
pictor  3,  76 
jnclomll.  28 
pietoaqae  B,  3 
pictura  6,  340 


1.  13 
peilucwa.  78 
ptrmiilurD  8.  174 
pemiitlai  14,  234 
petmilie)  111,317 
peitniltit  6,  457 
piimulBtque  G.'32S 
pcrmutauo  6,  653 
perniciosa  10,  54 
iwrnoctantii  l4,  46 

Krnoi  e,  10 
looe  14,  186 
perorej  2,  67 
peipeiua  13,311 
perpeluam  15,164 
ptrpelui  3,  35 
perpeluu  10,  33  246 
perpatuum  7,  208 


pctitoi  6,  603 
petitar  6,  60 

Ktilui  10.  1 10.  11,  147 
rtcHini  6,  581 
petulana  3.  278.    6,  397. 

12,5 
peluBl  3,  71 
pelODtur  10,  8  54 
peiin,  150 
Fbnaca  15. 23 
I'h^arum.^,  151 
Ph:etas\iaoium  3,  218 
TihilanKCS  2.  46 
I'haliriie,  81 
phalai  6.  590 
phalem11,103.  16,60 
pharetiata  2, 108 
phareliamque  13  80 

phareirisG,  138 
I'h«riDi]Ha  I3.fl5 
Pharon  6,  83.  13,76 


r  IO,:i38 
cum  8.  103 
pi  13,  125 
picB  10, 125 


IS, 


Pieri* 


irieni  7,  8 
Pitridei  4.  36 
Piario  7.  60 
pign  12,  13 
pigal  14.  199 
pigDcral  7,  73 
pigDCribu*  9.  141 
pignu)  6,  37 
pigra  8.  248 
pigri  5,  23 


pila  10,  94 
piIo9.  15 
IHloiai  14.  194 
piDE"!  9,  146 
piuEilqUt2,5'l 

piDgue  +,570 
pingoes  4,  44.  9,  38 
ploguia  3,  247.  6.463  573 
piDgaiar  12.  11 
pingub  5.  105.  8,  147 
piDguisiimui  1 1,  65 
'   i«3,  UF 


pinna  4,  M9 
Finoitipi  3,  158 
ptuDii  14.  76 
pinum  3,  255 
pin  01 3, 307 
pipetitque  14,  293 
piratB  8.  94 


t^:: 


s  13,! 


piacator  4,  26 

piicam   4.   50.    6,  66  96. 


TO  JUVENAL. 


503 


pitcibus  13,  66 

piKu4,  26.  11,36 

Piso  5,  109 

Pitucon  2,  6 

placabo  12,  89 

placaot  2,  86 

placeas  10,  167 

placeat  10,  42  338 

placentas  1 1 ,  59 

places  6,  276 

placets,  135.  6,3338  577. 

8,158 
placidil,21 
placitum  16, 49 
placait3,160.  7,149.  16,53 
plagarum  14,  19 
plana  3,  96 
plana  13,  128 
planctut  10,  261 
plangentis  6,  534 
planguntur  13,  131 
plaDipedes8,  191 
plants  3,  247.  5,  125.    6, 

507.  14,272 
plant  ae  13,  98 
pUnUribus  13,  123 
p]anta8  3,  227 
plantifl  6,  96 
planum  12,  62 
plaUni  1,  12 
plaudat  3,  157 
plaudendum  1,  146 
plaustra  3,  256 
plausuque  11,  163 
plebe  8,  47  49  256 
plebeia  6,  516.  8,  254 
plebeie  8,  254 
plebeiot  11, 145 
plebeiit  6,  69 
plebeium  6.  588 
plebiil,26.  11,  194 
plectro  6,  384 
plena  1,5  33.2,  4.  3,187. 

4,47.5,66.   8.  100.  10, 

191.  13,  135 
p1en&  6.  426 
plenieque  10,  242 
pleni  10,  128 
pleno  3,  263.  6,  364.  10, 

232.  14,  138 
plenos  15,  20  58 
plenum  14, 276 
plenumque  8,  72 
plenus  12,  30 
plenimque  1 1 ,  46 
plorante  5,  158.  9,  77 
plorantesque  6,  86 
plorare  15,  134 
ploras  1 ,  5iO 
plorat  6,  272 
ploratur  13,  134 
plorent  14,  150 


pluit  7. 179 
plumaque  6,  88 
plumbo  14,  310 
plumis  1,  159.  10,  362 
plura  2,  45.  3.  220.  9,  39 

58.  13,  67.  14,  173 
p1ures2,  79.  3,315.  7, 167. 

8,  107.  10.  12 
plurima  4,  1 19.  5,  130.  8, 

58.  9.  118.  10.  196.  12. 

28.13,  187.14,1.  15,78 
plurimuro  14,  73 
plurimus  3,  232 
pluiii  7,  144  178.  8,  258. 

11,  16.  14,201 
plus  I.  108.  3,  180.  6,  181 

251  388.  7,  78  99  ItoiM. 

10,  72  302  315.  11,68. 

13,176.  14.276.  16,4 

?Iuteum  2,  7 
'luton  13,  50 
pluyia  3,  202 
pluviis  4,  87 
pocula  1,  76.  5,  26  43  62 

129.6,633.  8,  177  217. 

10,26.  11,102.  13,148 
podagram  13,  96 
podice  2,  12 
podium  2,  147 
poemata  10,  124 
poena  1,  142.  6,  537.  10, 

243.  13,52  90  175  196 
poena  10.  287.  13,  247 
poenam  15, 129 
poenas  3,  279.  6.  478.  10, 

84  187  312.  13«  208 
poenis  8,  269 
poeniteat  10,  6 
poenitet  1.  170 
poenituit  7,  203 
Poeno  10,  155 
poeta  1,  14 

poets  7.  3  78.  14,  206 
poetas  3«  9 
poetica  12,23 
pol  5,  10 

poUice  3,  36.  7,  237 
pollicitus  9,  74 
PoUio  6,  387.  7, 176.  9,  7. 

11,43 
Pollitas  2,  68 
po11uU8,  218 
pollutus  2,  29 
Polycleti  3, 217.  8,  103 
Polypheroi  9,  64 
Polyphemus  14. 20 
Polyxena  10,  262 
poma  5,  150 
pomis  6,  18 
pomoeria  9,  11. 
pompa  10, 281 
Pompeio  10,  283 


Poropeiot  10,  108 

Pompeius  4,  1 10 

Pomtina  3,  307 

ponamus  13,  11 

ponant  13,  86 

ponas  8.  133.  9,  81 

ponat  10,  358 

ponatur  9.  40 

pondera  1 ,  29 

pondere  3,  271.  6,  262.  7, 

207.  13,  49.  15.  66 
pone,  verb,  1,  155.  5,  135. 

6,172  219  347.  7,114. 

8,  22   88   89   195  228. 

10,65.  11,  189  190 
ponebant  11, 109 
ponebat  1 1 ,  79 
ponendaqueS,  56 
ponendi  14,  260 
ponendura  13, 141.  14,203 
ponente  16,  45 
ponentur  5,  146 
ponere  5,  45   73.   7,  149. 

11,84 
pon^rc  5.  126 
poni  5.  51 
ponimus  13,  117 
ponit  1,141.  8,238 
ponitur5,  85.  14,83 
pono  10, 156.  12,  94 
poos  5. 8.  6.  32 
ponte4,  116.  14.  134 
Ponti  4.  43.  10,  273 
Pontia  6,  638 
Pootica  6,  661 
Pontice  8,  1  75  179 
PonticusH,  114 
Pootifices  6,  604 
Pontifici  4.  46 
ponunt  6,  309  476.  14,  99 
popano  6,  541 
popina  8,  172 
popina  11,  81 
popinas  8,  158 
poplitibus  6.  263 
poposcit  1,82.  6,  125 
roppeana  6,  462 
poppysma  6,  684 
populariter  3,  37 
populi  2,  162.  6,  534.    8. 

189.  15,39.  16,43 
populis  15.  130 
populo2,67.  3, 15.  8.  189 

211.9.  117.  10,62  341. 

14.42 
populoque  3.  256.  14,70 
populoruro  13.  148 
populos  6,  410.  10. 150. 15, 

169 
populosque  4,  83 
populum  1 ,  46  72.  3,  178. 
15, 23  151 


&04 

popnlut  3,  73.  3,  34t.  7, 
843.  8.  39.  10,  74.  14, 
US  160.  Ifi,  31  113 

notes  7,  86 

poici2,80.  10,3-5S.  13,117 

potcii6,  160.  15,33 

poicam  6,  4*7 

poneclaque  13,  7S 

pomcluia  1,70 

ponticrit  6,  633 

porreiit  6,  67 

poiri  14,  133 

poriigot3,367.  8,  308 

porrigc  6i  698 

poriigel  11 , 1 46 

pomgias  3,  80 

porrigii  6,  43  607 

potroS,  136.  6,340.7,98. 
11,9 

pacTum  3, 393.   15,9 

pons  11,124.  16,3 

pottabit  6,  628 

potticB,  leo,    3.27 

porlaola  lO,  260 
pDitaiel  10,  IS8 
uonuum  8,  261.  15,168 
porui  1,  143.   6,  409.  7, 

43.   10,  153 
potlK  3,  353  357 
poitalui  10,  43 
pontDtaia,  3 
ponei  10,  19 


VERBAL  INDEX 

poailuia.  76.  13,149 
p<»ilii3,74.  3,  191.6,364. 

9.  141.  15.  43 

pouto  11,69.  13,  39 

17.26 


pwilui  4,  77"'  B,  S3 
potK6,  41.  10.49  97.  13, 


r,  6.  6,  163 


potlio3,  61.  9,  128 

poili]  15,  6 

purto3,28 

porlui3.31. 13,  78. 14,275 

p«oai1,9S.  3,  102.  6,65. 

10,354 
pogce7,24.  9,64.  10,357. 

11.  148.   14,  193 


poscereS.  42.  (J, '246 
poKtrel  14,313 
ptMcei  II.  148 
poMimiu  S,  113.  7,  71. 


PWhed6,383.  14,311 

pouel  4.  90 

pouideal  10.  235.  12,  129 

pouidM  I,  108 

positdrl  3,  141 

powii  3,  273  229.  S,  153. 
10,363.11,306.13,113. 
14,  ISO 

poMiim  3,  44  60 

powuni  6,  695 

poitS,  116  148.  6,  15  499 
604  568.  7,  143  163.  8, 
97.  9,  126.  11,  43.  12, 
134.  13,  16.  14,  55  168 
190.  15, 99 

pnMeiila<  ..Ua.  8,63 

posies  6,  J9,  9,  104 

posthit  T,  18.  B,7 

post  hcc  3,62.  8,347 

poitibiu  6,  63 

poslqutm  13, 161 

poilremo  11,  91 

poilulat  7,  243 

Posiumc6,2l28  37e 
poiuereS,  85.  11,76 
poiuit  13,  30  341 
pi)^uh.iue  G,  369 

polare  9,  i  16 

poui  5,  30 

polatis  5.  S3 

potcua  1,69.  14,39 

polenlia  7,  300.  10,66 

poleniiar  10,  303 

pouraol  15,  lOS 

potesS,  323.  5,  3  171.  6, 
30.  13.  14 

pale9U«4,71.  10,  100 

polio  6,  634 

poliorei  10.360 

iioiiir-H  .,  ig.4,150.  6,398 
lltl,?,  U   4M1BI. 13,113 
,     prn7l)Cil&,  107    6,32 

pnebcbii  6.  173 

preebcbit  6, 584 
.    prtcbcDda  10,  346 

prsberefl,  143.  3,33 

ptoebetet  6,  3 

prabctS,  147.  10,270 

prKbml11,157 

prsccdant  8,  33 
'    Kccdentia  10,  44 


prccwkrc  13,  68 
piscedit  13,  108 
piccepit  14,  237 
piectpi  10.  107  160 

pra.cepia   13,  \9.  14,189. 

16,  107 
piBccptorum  7. 309 
priEceplori  7,  230 
prEcipit  14,  16 
piTKipiUui  15,  78 
pmcipitaic  13,  38 
prcccipjlil  10,  S6 
pnecipil«m3. 129.  8,  135 
prO'CipllH  6,  649.  10.85 
p.iecipiU  1,  US.*,  149 
piKcipuam  4,  19 
piccipae  3,  59.  7,  lOO.  9, 

119 
pracipni*  13,  330 
prccipnum  6,  633 
pTKcipnuaS,  5S7 
pisclare  5,  42.  10.  97 
preclaro  8,  31 
piociarum  3,  317 
ptKco  6,  439 
pncoDfi      99 
prirconema.96 
prtecouct  7,  6 
pieconia  3.  157 
prscordu  I,  167.   6,  631. 

13,181.  14.35 
prcdall.  193.  14,83 
prcdam  14,  85 
prcdamque  4,  58 
pncdanim  11,  101 
prEcdia  9,  54 
prsdivei  14,  305 
prcdivitii  10,  IS 
prB.-f(;cli4.  78 
pra;ferli»7  9i 
pTsrcclutcifi.'tSe 
pricferri!  6,  117,  8,83  139 

213.  12,49 
pnegniini  1,  133 
priegnanlcm  3.  6S.  6,  405 
prtegutWrel  6,  660 
piKEiutct  6,  633 
preralal3.  71 
prizlatui  5,  45 
prelia   1,  91.    4,  113.   e. 

258.  7,  27  138.  13,  1 10. 

13.  172.  14,  163 
pnematnti  II,  44 
pwrnia  3,66.   6.  321.   8. 

9^1  9  10,142.16.135 
pfffitnocdn?  -OlB 
rrinejlcn,  190 
PisoesliDii  14,  88 
prBtpoDGic  10.92 
prepoDD  3,  5 
prKputia  6,  238.  14,  99 
praiaul.  143 


TO  JUVENAL. 


5oa 


pr«teote6,  400 
praesentibut  U,  202 
pnesentior  11,  111 
pneMpia  8»  157 
praesepibns  1 ,  59 
praesertim  15,  109 
prcsidia  7,  23.  12,56 
prskidium  8,  239 
prsstabat  6, 287.  9,  14 
prsstant  6,  97  639 
prcstaotibus  15,  75 
prc9taDUas3,  18 
prcstare  3,  188.  6,  252.  8, 

170.  9,7.   11,  115.    15, 

150 
prfestat5, 136. 12, 86.18,99 
prcstatur  16,  49 
prsstem  11,  57 
prsftteDt  6.  480.  7,  106 
prssto,  verb,  14,  212 
prster  8,  146 
pneterea  3,  109 
praetereunte  3,  275 
praeteriit  14,  214 
preterit  6,  307 
praeterita  10,  235 
praetexta  10,  35 
prsteztam  10,  99 
praeteztatos  2,  170 
prsteztatum  10,  308 
prsteztatus  1,  78 
prstor3,  128  213.  11,  193 
prstorem  10,  36 
praetori  1,  101.  16,  10 
praetoria  1,  75.  10,  161 
praetoribus  6,  380 
praetoris  8,  194.   13,  4.  14, 

257 
pr8etulit6,  112 
pragmaticoruro  7, 123 
prandebat  13,  46 
prandente  10,  178 
prandet  6,  101 
pravam  8, 33 
pravis  14,  41 
precor  6,  170  172 
premat  1,  46 
premetur  14,  221  296 
premit  3,  244.   6,  502.   7, 

132 
pressit  1,  43.  6,  621 
preisoque  5,  160 
pressnm  2,  107 
pretus8,65.  11,15 
pretio  3,  184.  4,  25.  5,  56. 

9,  71.  14,  145 
pretiosa  13.  214 
pretiosior  6,  157 
pretium  6,474.    7,96  119. 

9, 28.  12,  127.    18,  105. 

14,231 


Priarous  10,  258 

Priapi  6,  316 

Priapo  2,  95 

prima   3,  26.   6,  298  408 

467  498.   8,  24  268.  9, 

81.    10,  23.   13,  2  189. 

15,  51  90 
prima  6,  204.   8, 166.    10, 

126.  11.  184 
primaque  13,  59 
primi  15,  168 
primis  8,  121 
primo  1 ,  95.  2, 133.  4, 142. 

5,  12.  13,  224 
primoribus  15,  40 
primos  6. 24.    7,  195.    10, 

261.  13,  146 
primum  6,  577 
primum  2,4  44.  6.371.  7, 

141.8,68.  14,85.  16,7 
primus  4,  75.    8,  61  274. 

10,  258 
princeps  4,  32.    13,  138 
principe  8,  198 
priocipio  15,  148 
principU   6,   617.    8,  224. 

10,  76  93  341 
principium  6,  245 
prior  1,  102  twice,  3,81  130 

244.  8,  153 
priori  9,  21 

priorum  1,  151.  6^  635 
priscum  4,  102 
privata  6,  1 14 
privatis  4,  66 
private  12, 107 
privatus  1,  16.  13,  41 
privignoque  6,  134 
privigDum  6,  628 
prius  1,97  168.  14,148 
priusquaro  13,  38 
pro  1,  124.   5,391.  8,  112 

255.9,117  148.  10,  192. 

12,    98.     14,   306.    15, 

108 
proavis  15,  152 
proavorum  3,  312 
proavum  8,  134 
probat  7,  204 
probates  11,  163 
probavit  10,  70.  13,  205 
probitas  1 ,  74 
procedat  3,  138 
procerem  8,  26 
proceres  2,  121.  3,  213.  4, 

72  144.  7,  90 
processus  1 ,  39 
rrochytam  3,  5 
proclaroes  2,  75 
Procne  6,  644 
procubuit  S,  257 

3t 


procttl  2,  88.  3,  89.  12,  5. 

14,  45  twice.  16,  17  25 
Procula  3,  203 
Proculas  2,  68 
Proculeias1,40.  7,94 
prodere  9, 1 15.  13,23 
prodeit  2, 141  142.  8,  1 
prodiderim  9,  97 
prodiga  6,  362.  7,138.  10, 

304 
prodigia  6,  84 
prodigio  4,  97 
prodigiosa  13,  62 
prodita  8, 261 
producat  8,271 
producere  6.  241.  7,   146. 

16.32 
producit  2, 94.  6,  609.  14, 

228 
produzere  15,  94 
produxerit  15,  32 
produzisse  15,  166 
produxit  8,  266 
profans  2,  89 
profer  1,  126 
proferat  6.  570 
proferet  7,  153 
proferre  4.  91.  14, 142 
proficis  13,  18 
profuit  4,  99.  10,  324 
profundi  13,  49 
progeuiei  14,  84 
probibente  1 1,  7 
prole  13,  206 
proles  8,  56 
proludunt  5,  26 
proiiiere  15.  73 
Promethea  8,  133 
Prometheus  4,  133.  15,  85 
promisitque  7,  84 
promissa  12,  2 
promissus  1 1 ,  60 
promittant  12,  101 
promitteote  16,  12 
promittere  3,  43.    13,  233. 

6,388 
promittunt  2, 12 
proroovimus2,  160 
promtius  10,  220 
promtus  3,  74 
prona  15,  147 
prooi  3,  192 
pronum  9,  43.  13,  75 
pronus  6.  48 
procemia  3,  288 
prope  9,  106 
propera  4,  67.  6,  148 
properabat  4,  76  94 
properabo  3,  59 
properant  6, 430 
propertnte  3,  264 


606 

propenmtem  3,319 
properantibus  3,  243 
properantU  14,  178 
properare  6,  330 
properat4,59. 6,468. 14,  78 
properate  4,  134 
propinat  5,  127 
propioquas  1,  71 
propinqui  14,  236 
propinquis  8,  219.  13,  207 
propinquo  8,  72.  14,  6 
propior  6,  510 
propooere  4,  46 
propooimas  3,  24 
propositi  5,  1 

propositum  9,  21.  10,  325 
proposui  8,  125 
propria  14,  80 
propter  1,  141.   5,  19  76. 

6.104  469.  7,39.  8,41 

84.  9,  87   118.    10,  65. 

11,150.    12,50  51.   14, 

22  274 
prora5,  89.  10,  186.12,69 
prorsus  6,  249 
proseucha  3,  296 
prosit  4,  36 

prospera  10, 97. 12, 63. 16,2 
prospiciuDt  6,  360 
prostantis  1,  47 
prostare  3,  65 
prostat  9,  24 
prostitit  6,  123 
prostitui  8,  226 
protegere  1 1,  33.  15,  155 
protegit  8,  250 
protenus  3,  140.  4,  48.   7, 

165.    11,  188.    13,   176. 

14,  123.  16,  27 
Protogenes3,  120 
protuleratque  10,  30 
protulit  6,  23 
provehit  16,  57 
provida  10,  283 
provincia   1 ,  50.    4,  26.   5, 

97.  8,  87 
provocat  6,  321  376 
provocet  1 ,  24 
proxima  5,  96.  6,  529.   10, 

126.  13,  228 
proximus  4,  94.  6,  290.  9, 

108 
prudens  4,  1 13 
prudentia   10.  48  365.    12, 

32.  14,  315 
prudentissima  3,  86 
pruinis  4,  56.  5,  50 
pruoa  3,  83 
prurigo  6,  327 
prurire  11,  163 
prurit  6,  578 


VERBAL  INDEX 

pialtria  6,  337 

Psecas  6,  491  494 

^ux4  6,  195 

pube  8, 256 

publica  6,  335  687.   7,  63. 

10,284 
publicus  10,  41  312 
pudeat2,  42.  11,202 
pudendis  8,  139  183 
pudet  3,  168  321.  5»  1.  12, 

8.  14,  185 
pudicam  6,  137 
pudici  6,  49 

Pudicitis6, 14  308. 10,298 
Pudici tiam  6,  1 
pudicusS,  111.  6,193 
pudoT  2,  110.   3,  60  164. 

10,  329.  14, 178 
pudorem  2,  39.  6,  262  367. 

11.65.  16,34 
pndori  8,  83 
pudoris  11,  164 
puella  6,  258 
puellee  2,  69.  3,  160.  4, 36 

114.6,494.  11,164  200. 

13,80.  14,46  209 
puellatn  6, 354. 8, 33.  9, 74 
puellares  15,  137 
paellas  1,  84.  3,  65.  4,  36. 

6.  127.  9,  128 
puellis6,  191.  10,289 
puer  1,  61.  5,  61.  7,  69.  9, 

64.10,  216.11,146154. 

13,  43  56.  14,  45  192 
pueri  2, 152.  3, 156.  6, 173 

404  552.    7,  32  226.    8, 

234.  9,41.  10,353.  12, 

83.  14,  48  180 
pueriles  15,  59 
pueris  2,  168.   6,  111  599. 

8,  167.  10,  167  289.  12. 

117.  14,3  208 
puerisque  6,  639 
puero  1 ,  54. 5, 164. 10, 302. 

11,59.  13,65.14.1147 
puerorum  7,  240.  9,  68 
pueros  3,  264.  4,  122.   5, 

141.  6,151  272.  7,133 

177.  14,  228 
puerpera  6,  594 
puenim  9,  46 
pugillares  11,  156 
pugna  5,  29 
pugnacis  5,  57 
pugnam  7,  173.  8, 132.  16, 

74 
pugnamus  16,  47 
pugnaDtem  8,  201 
pugnanti  12,  4 
pugnare  8,210 
pugnas  4,  121 


pugnii  d»  300.  13, 127 
pognoe  16,  58.  16,90 
paker  7,  190 
pulcerrima  11,  56.   It,  38 

116 
pnlcn  10,  345 
pnlcrli  10,  292 
pulcrior  10, 196 
palcris  1,  1S7 
palcro  1, 127.  16,  67 
pulcrum  9,  47 
palcnimqne  4,  64 
pulUti  3,  213 
pulli6,616.  13,142 
pnllorum  6,  661 
pvllos  14,  74 
pollulet  6,  363 
pallus  10,  231 
pulmeotaria  7,  186 
pulmo  4,  128 
polmone  6,  649  669 
pulmonem  10,  33 
pulpita  3, 174.  6,  78.  7, 93. 

8.  195  225.  14. 267 
puis  16,  39 
pulsandum  6, 171 
pulsaotis  9,  62 
pulsare  6,  612.  16.  8 
pulsari  6,  442 
pulsat  2, 130.  3.  289 
pulsat  6,  193 
pulsatus  3,  300 
pulsetur  16,  9 
pultes  1 1 ,  58 
pultibus  14,  171 
palvere7, 48.   10,37.    11, 

198 
pulvioar  6,  1 32 
pulvino  3,  154 
pulvis  8,  61 
pumice  8,  16.  9,  95 
Puuica  14,  161 
pumre8,235.13,101.16,13 
punit  6,  492 
pupilli  1,  47.  6,  629 
pupillos  10. 223 
pupillum  15, 136 
puppe  12,  79.  14,  267 
puppim  6,  102 
puppis  12,  31 
puri9,  141.  10,  19 
purpura  1,  106.  7,  134  135. 

11,155.  14,  188 
purpuream  12,  39 
par|>areas  4, 31 
pusiUas  14,  29 
punlli  10,  121 
pusillos  15,  70 
pusio  6.  34  35 
puU  2,  153.  6,  7 
putabas  9,  47. 10, 337 


TO  JUVENAL. 


507 


paUbat  4,  80 

piiUQt  13.  232.  14,  98 

paUrent  7,  5 

piiUres  2,  122 

pataret  12,  21 

putaris  10,  344 

putas  6,34. 7,22. 9,j103. 13,5 

putat  3,  51.  5,  162.  6, 185 

457.  13,91.  14,  17  115 

121.  15.  108 
puUvit  6,  390.  15,  23  82 
putetnus  4,  28 
put^  U,  121 
putes  3,  75.  5, 2.  6,  41.  10, 

330.  13,  193.  14,  223 
patet  1, 58.  8,  57.  13^  36 
piiteiisque  3,  226 
pntres  13,  95 
putrique  14, 132 
pygargus  11,  138 
Pygmaea  6,  60€i 
Pygnueu  13,168 
Pyladd  16,  26 
Pylius  10,  246 
Pyrenaeam  10,1    I 
Pyrrha  1,  84 
Pyrrbi  15,  30 
Pyrrhum  14, 162 
pynim  11,  73 
Pythagoraa  15,  173 
Pythagoreit  3,  229 
Pythia  13, 199 
pytismate  11,  173 
pyxide  2, 141.  13, 25 

Q. 

Qua  2,  157.  5, 120.  7,  22 
quadra  5,  2 
qaadraiis7,  8 
quadrante  6,  447 
quadrantes  1,  121 
quadrijuges  7, 126 
quadringenta  1, 106.  2, 117. 

5,  132.  14,  326 
qnadringeotis  11,  19 
quadrivio  1 ,  64 
quae  2, 38  42  60 134 162  &c. 
quccamqiie  7,  152.  13, 89. 

14,188 
qnaedam    6,  184  451.    8, 

166.  14.  123.  15, 107 
qvaenam  6,  494 
qasqoe  6,  406.    10,  349. 

12,  116 
quaeramiis  14, 181 
qusraa  10, 219. 11,29.  15, 

89 
qiicrat9,  112.  14,68 
quaere  8, 172.  14, 252 
qoanebat  13,  202 


quaerendi  6.  501 
quttris  2,  134.  5, 19 
quaerit  7,  21.   9,  92.    10, 

253.  14.  207 
qoaeritur  6,  46  333 
qaaero  2,  76.  3,  296 
quaerunt  11,  14.  14,  76 
quaesita  15.  63 
quesitum  13. 25.  14,  104 
qussitas  1.  164 
qusso  6,  393.  12,  128 
quaestio  3,  141.  7,  156 
quale  2,  57.  5.  36.  6.  255 
qualem5,147.7,56.9.3  13. 

10.293.  13,111.  15,141 
qualemcunque  1,  80 
qualea  1, 80.  3,  39.  4,  28. 

10,194.  11,72  155 
quali  10,  157.  15,  65 
qualia  5,  151.  15, 1 
qualiacumque  6. 547. 15, 49 
qualibet  14,  205 
qualis  2,  29.  4,  82.  5,  24. 

7,  68.  10,  157  179  185. 

11,94  99 
qualisque  10,  353 
quam  10,  84 
quamquam  2,  4.  4,  79 
quam  vis  1, 103.  5,  5 
quaodo  1,  87.   3,  21    162 

173.   5,  40  62  93  127. 

6,  139.8,80.9,147.11, 
182.  12,  23.  13,  102 

quandoque  2,  82.   5,  172. 

14.51 
quandoquidem   1,  112.  10, 

146.  13,  129 
quanta  1.  91  140.  6,  262. 

8,92  119 
quaoti],45.  4.6.  13,76 
quantalibet  7,  81 
quantaa  1,  11 
quanti  3.  225.  6,  365  626. 

7,  45  176  time*.  8,  192 
quanticumque  7,  184 
quaods  4,  5.  10,  190 
quanto  3,  18  249  271.  5, 

67.6,262.8,141.9,70. 

10,  14  40.   11,  24.    13, 

32.  14.  258  312 
quantula  6. 254.  10,  173 
quaotulacumque  13,  183 
quantulum  6,  151 
quantum   1.   118.   3,   132 

143.4,109.6,37.7,104 

124 165216. 8, 241lwte«. 

9.59  117.  10,  251.  11, 

26.  12,129.13,113.14. 

139    160  233  239  318 

319  320.  15, 45, 
quantumvis  8,  15 


quantus  5,  133  134.  6, 317 

318.  14.239 
quare6.  136  202  492.  9,1 
quarta  9.  17 
quartanam  4,  57 
quascuroque  10,  312 
quasi  13,  225 
quaasas  2,  130 
quassatum  5,  48 
quatenus  12,  102 
quater  7,  122 
quatiente  13,  195 
quatiere  13,  171 
quatit  12,  5 
quatuor  5.  47.  12,  59.  13, 

58.  14.  168 
queaa  14,  257 
queat  1,29.8,45.  10,359. 

16.  1 
quem  2,  38  132.  14,  231 
quemcumque  14,  210 
querodam  2,  36 
quemlibet  3,  37 
queroquam  10. 96.  12. 130. 

13.  249 
quemque  3,  250 
quemvis  3.  75 
queratur  10.  251 
quercum  6,  387 
quercus  14,  184 
querebar  5,  51 
querela  13.  135 
querelas  16,  19 
querelas  9.  94 
querentes  2.  24 
quereris2,  131.  13.  71 
queritur  6.  36 
qui  2.  3  17  19  30  84  152. 

10.353.11,33.13,  141. 

15, 119 
quia  11.  207 

quibusdam  3,  281.  15. 15 
quicumque  7.  18.  15.  71 
quidl.9.  2.  65riinr«75115 

125134153  154155166. 

3.  259  291.  4.  14.  5.  18. 

6.  41  191  308.  8.   179 

199  231.  9,  3  67.  10, 

213.  11.33  580.  15.115. 
quid  quod  3.86  147.  6,  45. 

10,  208 
quid  refert  1.  154.  4.  5 
quid  si  8, 183.  10.  36 
quidam  6,361.  12,50.  14, 

96.  15,77 
quidero  2,  11   159.  6.  153 

184.  8.  149.  11.  7.  12, 

26  107.  13,  19.  15.27 
quidnam  4.  130.  10.  329 
quidni  10,  95 
quidquam  8,  232.  10,  246 


p 


508 


V£RBAL INDEX 


quidquid  1,  85.  4,  54.  6, 
466  520  553  598  632 
643.  7,  162.  8,  95.  9.  97 
114.10.174  344.11,188 
189.   13.83.  15,93 

quiescit  1,  126 

quiescunt  13,  218 

quin  11.  133.  12.  112 

quiDgeDta6,  137 

Quinquatribus  10,  115 

quinque  1,  105.  6,  230.  7, 
121.  9,41.  11,206 

Quintiliane  6,  280 

Quintiliano  7,  186 

Quintilianus  6,  75.  7,  189 

QuintillaB  7,  75 

quippe  5,  64.  6,  1 1 

quique  10,  250.  14,  266 

Quirine  3,  67 

Quirini  2,  133.  8,  259 

Quirinos  1 1,  105 

Quiritem  8,  47 

Quirites  3,  60  163.  10,  45 
109 

quisl,  30.  2,6  8  24  25.6, 

247.  8,211.  16,1 
quis  3,  31 
quisnam  10,  69.  13,  243. 

16,  103 
quisquam  8,  196.  10,  184. 

11.  148 
quisque  1,  41.  3,  143.  12, 

20.  13.  46 
qui5quis6.211.8,  274.  10, 

116  254.  14.227 
quo  1.  e.  quorslim,  8,  9  142 

144 
quo  2,  22  67  100.  14,  135. 

15,  61 
quocumque  3,  156  230.  6, 

412.  8.  27  60  134.   14, 

42  117  277 
quod  2,  43  108  138  139.  6, 

413 
quodcuroquel,  152.  7,217. 

13.  1  92.  14.  102 
quoroinus  6,  334 
quondam  3.  34  313.  4,  24. 

6,  288.  11,  83.    13,  38 

200 
quoniam   3,   114.    6,  555. 

14,40 
quoquam  13,  36 
quorum  14,  241 
quos2,  115  163 
quoscumque  10,  359 
quosdara  16.  56  317 
quota  3,  61.   13.  157 
quoties  1 , 1 65. 2, 2  1 56. 3,40 
quum  2,  9  32  66  101.  6, 

307 


R. 

Rabida  15, 163 

rabidam  6,  428 

rabie  6,648.  13,225.16,126 

radat  13,  151 

radere  6,  105.  14,  7 

radiant  6,  381 

radiat  6.  205 

radios  13,  78 

ramice  10.  205 

ramos6.  228.  12,91 

ramus  13,  99 

ranarum  3,  44 

ranas  2.  150 

rancidius6.  185 

rancidula  11,  135 

rapere  6, 4 14 

rapiat  7,  183 

rapienda  1,  96.  15,  39 

rapientem  14,  245 

rapit  6.  373.  8,  135 

rapitur8,147.]0,332.14,232 

rapta  4, 76 

raptore  7,  168 

raptos  4.  122 

rapturo  10,  256.  15,  85 

raptura  8,  130 

raptunis  1 .  34 

rapt  usque  13,  169 

rapui  9,  75 

rapuit  10,  308.  12,  129 

rara  6,  165.  7.   145  228. 

8,  63.  10,  297.  13,  8 
rar^  11,82 
rars8,  104 
rari  6,  179.  13.  26 
rarior7.  202.  11,208 
rarum2,  113.  5,  15 
rarus  2. 14,8,27  73.  10,18 
rasa  2,  97 
raso5,  171.  12,81 
rastra  15.  166 
rate  14,  301 
rates  12.  122 

ratio4, 20. 6, 95.7, 1.14,39 
ratjone  6,  223  453.  10,  4 
rationem  1,21 
rationibus  1,  118.  6,  511 
rauca  6,  515 
rauci  1,2         « 
rauco  8.  59 
raucus  11,  156 
Ravola  9,  4 
re  11,57.  14,204 
rea  6.  243 
rebus  6, 97  444.  9.42.  10, 

98.  11,35  40115.14,2 

72  314 
rebusque  10,  348.  12,  49 
recedat  3,  297 


recedit  6,  650 
recensS,  151 
recentem  4,  58 
receotes  6,  406 
receoti  2,  103.  6,  11.7, 

180.  13,5 
receotis  11,  74 
recepit  13,  241 
recesflii  6,  19  130 
recessii  3,  230 
recidit  12,  54 
recidivus  6,  363 
recitantes  3, 9 
recitare  8,  126 
reciUverit  1,  3 
redtet  7,  40 
recondita  6,  67 
recta  3,  26 
recti  6,  401 
recte9,  118 
lectiqae  It,  149 
recto  2,  118.  3,  252.  10, 

189 
rectore  13,  87 
rectorem  8,  88 
rectoris  12.  33 
rectum  3,  107. 13,  189. 14, 

266 
rectus  2,  23 
recubans  3,  205 
recubante  11,  201 
recumbas  5,  65 
recumbat  9, 106 
recumbet  3,  82 
recumbit  6,  448 
recurrit  13,  239 
reda  3,  10 
redsc  4.  118 
redarum  3,  236 
reddat  13,  15  61 
reddere  1,9a  16,49 
reddet3,  319 
reddidit  13,204 
reddit  16.  57 
reddunt  3,  202 
redeaot  7,  139 
redemi  9.  76 
redemtum  4,  2 
redeuDtibus  14,  170 
rediit  10.  179  186 
redimicula  2,  84 
redit  3,  174.  6,  429.  9, 51. 

12,70 
reditu  12,  94 
redilum  12,  15 
redolent  4,  109 
referam  1,  45 
referat  1,  118 
referebaot  8,  106 
referemot  15*  28 
referent  1,  66.  11,  89  186 


.TO  JUVENAL. 


509 


referre  16,  58 
leferri  2,  136 
•refert,  far  interesti  1»  164. 

4,  6.  &,  123.  6,  657,  8, 

193.     10,  213.    11,  21 

180 
refertis  2,  54 
refenint2»  170 
refici  3>  319 
rege6,  1.  13,  149 
regem  4,  126.  10,  273 
regemque  8,  161 
regeDti  4,  83 
reges6,  159.  10,  113 
re£i,  noun,  4,  103.  5,  130. 

6.  407 
regique  12,  108 
regia  11,8 

regibns  3,  313.  18,  52 
regimen  16.  54 
regiDs  12,  3 
regit  5,  161.  6,  525  661. 

10,  161 
regna  2,  149.   6.  224.    7, 

201.  14.328 
legnatd.  119.  6, 149 
regula  7,  230 
regum  5,  58.  7,  45.  8,  90 

260 
re^uDt  9,  32 
rei,  from  res,  8.  81 
rei,  from  reut,  15,  135 
relatum  6,  554 
relegit  6,  483 
relicta  3,  69 
relictA5,76.7,37.  10,179. 

14,  279 
relicts  14,  93 
relictis  6,  195.  14,  77  232 
relicto  6,  542  591.  7,  168 
relictum  16,  12 
reliDquas  14,  263 
relmqaes  8.  123 
relinquit  6,  224 
relioquant  12,  77 
reliqais  5,  149.  10,  260 
reliquit  6.  87.  8,95.13,16 
reliquos  14,  36 
rem  3, 305.  8, 215. 13, 143. 

14,  92 
Remi  10,  73 
remige  4,  49.  9,  150 
remlgibus  15,  22 
rerois  15,  128 
remordent  2,  35 
remota  10,  3 
remotior  8, 178 
remotus  12,  58 
reDato  14,  11 
TtDovaU  10,  243 
reor  15,  87 


repente  2,  83.  9,  8 

repeDtibus  14.  208 

reperta  11,  101 

repetam  12,  87 

repetas  8,  272 

repetatur  15,  72 

repetit  6,  226  452 

repetita  7.  154 

repetitus  6.  328 

repeto  9,  22 

reponam  1,  1 

reponit  3,  220.  6,  467 

reportandis  7.  47 

repugnet  6,  627 

repulsa  10,  326 

reputat  6.  365 

requiem  6,  106.  11,182 

requiris  6, 286 

rerum  1,127.3,39.6,255 

613.  7.  22  102.  8,  249. 

12,52.  13,18.  14,  112 
res,  singular,  2.  102.  3,  23 

155  165.   4,  35  55.  .6, 

230  357  629  659.  7, 187. 

8.  198.  9,  95.   10,  340. 

12,  10.  15,  94.  16.  50 
res,  plural,  10,  80  163.  1 J , 

130.  14,261 
rescribat  6.  141 
rescribere  6.  234 
resecentur  8,  166 
residens  2.  57 
resinata  8.  114 
resoDant  15,  5 
respectus  8,  64 
respexit  7,  3 
respice  2.  44.  3, 268.  5, 60. 

6,  115.  8,91 
respicere  10, 275 
respiciat  3,  185 
respicit  7.  141 
respiret  14.  28 
respondes  3,  295.  6, 394 
respondit  13.  199 
responsa  6,  585 
reste  3.  226.  14.  274 
restemque  10,  58 
restibus  6,  30 
resupina  6,  126 
resupinat  3,  112 
resapinati  8,  176 
retegantur  6,  278 
retia  2,  148.  8,  204 
retibus  5.  95 
reticulis  12,  60 
reticulumque  2,  96 
retinere  2,  138.  13,  201 
referenda  6, 513 
reTerentia2,  Ua  5,72.  14, 

47  177 
revena  6,  312 


reversi  3, 37 

reverti  3.  301.  4,  52.   11, 

184.  14,281 
revocabat  2,  30 
revocante  1 ,  27 
revocata  6,  576 
revocei  14,231 
revolvas  8.  272 
reus  4.  105 
rex  1.  136.  5.14  137.10, 

246.  14.  255 
Rhadamanthus  13, 197 
Hheno  8,  170 
rhetor  1,44.  3,76.7,  198 
rhetora  10,  132 
rhetore  7,  197.  15, 112 
rhetores  6,  438 
rhetorica  7,  173 
rhetoris  7,  217 
rhinocerote  7,  130 
Rhodio8  8,  113 
Rhodopes  9,  4 
Rhodos  6,  296 
rhombi4,39  129 
rhombum  4,  68  1 19 
rhombus  11,  121 
rictu  10,  272 
rictum  10,  230 
ride  6,  264 
ridebat  10,  29  51 
ridenda  10,  124 
ridendaque  6,  461 
ridens  6.  609 
rideDte  2,  13 
ridere  6,  343.  8,  191 
rides  3,  100 
ridet  13.  172.  15,71 
ridiculos  3,  153 
ridiculum  1 1 ,  55 
rigids  6,  129 
rigidi  10,  31 
fimk  3,  97 
rimabitur  6,  551 
rims  3,  195 
rimas  9.  105 
rimosa  3,  270 
ripa3.  117 
ripa  3.  265.  10,  86 
riparum  5,  105 
risu  10,  33.  13,  171 
risum  6,  71.7,212.  13,35. 

15.  15 
risus  10,  47 
rite  12,  86 
ritu  10.  335 
ritus  6,  335 
rivales  6,  115 
rivalibus  12,  126 
rivalis6,  218 
rivi  6,  430 
riza  S,  282  289 


510 


VERBAL  INDEX 


rixe  3,  288.  15,  52 

rizaotis  15,  61 

robiginis  13,  148 

robora  10.  145.  12,  9 

robore  6,  12 

robustior  10,  197 

rodebant  3,  207 

rodit  5,  153 

rogabat  6,  386 

rogantem  3,  210 

roganti  6,  584 

rogaris  9,  73  74 

rogat  3,  300.  14,  302 

rogatum  5,  144 

rogatur  9,  148 

rogatus  7,  232 

roge8  9,  114 

rogi  15,  140 

rogus  10,  241 

Roma  2,  39.  3,  319.  4,  38. 

7,  138.  8,  243  244.    10, 

279 
Roms  3,  41  137  165  183. 

5,  90.  7,  4.  8,  237.  11, 

46 
Romam3,83  314.  10, 122. 

11,  195 
Romana  6,  295 
Romanas  14,  100 
Romaoo  3,  119 
Romanoniro  5,  58 
Romaous  10,  138.  14,  160 
Romules  11,  104 
rose  11,  122 
rosas  14,  254 
rostra  10,  121 
rota  13,  51 
rotam  4,  134.  8,  148 
rotant  6,  316 
rotas  10,  59 
rotato  6,  449 
rotis  10,  176 
rnant  8,  77 
Rubelli  8,  39 
rubentem  7, 196 
nibenti  13,  37 
rubet  1,  166.  6,479 
rubets  6,  659 
rubetam  1 ,  70 
rubicundula  6,  425 
ruborem  13,242 
rubra  6,  27 
rubras  14,  192 
RubreDus  7,  72 
Rubrius  4, 105 
ructante  6,  10 
ructarit  4,  31 
ruclavit  3,  107 
rude  adjective f  6,  234 
rude  svJfttantivt,  6, 113 
rudem  7,  171 


rudentei  6, 102 

rudet  1,  71 

rudis  11,  100  143 

niebant  6,  618 

ruerent  8,  93 

Rufum  7,  213  214 

ruga  13,  215 

rugs  6,  144.  9,  9 

rugam  14,  325 

mgas  10,  193 

rugis  11,  186 

ruinaS,  196.  11,  13 

ruinfe  10,  107 

ruinam3,  190 

ruit  10,  268 

rumoresque  6,  408 

run}oribu8  9.  111 

rurope  7,  117 

ruropere  5,  19 

nimpit  10,  153 

rumpuntur  6,  416 

rupe  10,93.  11,  105 

rupem  13,  246 

ruperat  9,  75 

rupes  5,  93 

rupibus  1,  8 

rupta  6,  514 

rupt4  3,  149 

ruptaque  4,  42 

niptte  1,  13 

ruptis  15,  57 

rupto  5,  48.  6,  12.  14,  85 

rura  1 4,  75 

rure  6,  55 

ruris  11,98.   14,  155  182. 

16.36 
ruTsum  12,  76 
rursus  6.  155.  10,  150 
rus  14,  141 
nisaati  7,  1 14 
rustica  6,  66 
rusticus  3,  67  176.  9,  60. 

14,25 
rutila  14,  299 
Rulilee  10,  294  295 
Riitiloll.5  21 
Rutilusll.2.  14.18 
Rutulis  6,  637.  12,  105 
Ruiulum  1,  162.  7,68 
Rutupinove  4,  141 


S. 

Sabbata  6, 159.  14,  96 
Sabellam  3,  169 
Sabina  3,  85.  6,  164 
Sabiuas  10,  299 
sacci  14,  269 
sacculus  11,27.  14,  138 
sarcellii  10,  364 


taoello  IS,  232 

Mcerdos  4,  10.  6,  544.  15, 

141 
•acra  2,  125.  6,  336.  12. 

113.    13,  107  221.   14, 

103 
sacrs  13,  59 
sacramentoram  16,  36 
sacraria  6.  489 
8acri3,  13.  6,82.    11,29. 

15,4  116 
sacrilega  13,  72 
tacrilegus  8,  106.  13,  150 
sacris  6,  536.   13,  19 
sacro  1,  110.  12,  86 
sacroruiD2,  113 
sacrum  13.  15.  16,  38 
sscula  3,  313.  4, 68.  6, 24 

299.  10, 248.  13,  28 
ssp^  4,  1 .  5,  76.  6, 10  147 

601.  9,73  74.  11.9 
sepius  6,  557.  14,  174 
Sttva  4,  95.    13,  186.   14, 

175 
8a!v&5,78.  8.223.  10,307. 

13.  170.  15,  17 
seva?  3,  8 

ssvas  7, 229.  10.  166 
saevior  4.  109.   6,  292.  13, 

196.  15,  115 
sevire  10,  180.  14,  18 
ssvis  15,  164 

Sffivis8ima6,  641.   10,328 
ssvit  5,  94.  15,  54  126 
ssevitias  4.  151 
ssevitiam  4.  85 
8»vo  10,  236 
SSV0S7.  151.  14,  148 
saevosque  10,  361 
ssvus  10,  126 
saga  6,  591 
saginis  4.  67 
sagitte  6.  139.   7,  156 
sagittas  6.  172 
sagittis  15,  74 
Saguntina  5,  29 
Saguntus  15,  114 
Salaraine  10, 179 
Saleio  7,  80 
salibus  9.  1 1 
salicU  1 1 ,  67 
salientibus  6,  599 
Salios  6,  604 
salit  7,  160 
saliva  6,  623 
saltante6,  63  318 
saltantem  5.  121 
salutus  15.  49 
saltern  6, 335.  9,  148 
saltu8,225.   11,  126.   14, 

82 


TO  JUVENAL. 


611 


•tltu  1,  169.  10, 104 
talva  5.  72 
8alvft6,  231.  11,204 
nlve  8,  26 

Mlvis  I,  48.  6,  3a  9,  131 
stlauri  10,  90 
tdaUt8.  161 
talutato  I,  116 
talatatrix  5,  21 
salatem  12,49 
ulatei  3,  184 
8alutet3,  130 
Samia  16.6 
Samo  3,  70 
SamothracQiD  3,  144 
Sana  6, 662.  7, 60.  10, 356 
saoabile  15,  34 
laoant  7,  1 70 
saocta  6, 127 
saDctam  14, 68 
tanctas  15,  10 
lancti  7, 209 
sanctissima  1,  112 
•anctissimus  4,  79 
sanctos  10,  298 
tanctum  3,  109  137 
aaoctumque  13,  64 
aaDctos  8,  24 
saDdapilaniiD  8,  175 
taoe  1,  42.  4,  16.  5,  123. 

9.  46.  10.  183.  12,  124. 
15,44  61. 

nnguiDe  4,  10.  6,  625.  8, 
2   27    40  42   136   219. 

10,  121  301.  11,  6  62. 
15,  58  92. 

saiiguiDisl,42.  10.165.  11, 

54  68.  14,  164 
sanguis   10,  217.    12,   13. 

13.  179 
aanoa  6,  306 
saDo6,  235.  10,356 
SantoDico  8, 145 
MDus  6.  28 
sapiat  11,81 
lapiens  6,  444.  7,  191 
sapieDtia  13,  20  189.   14, 

321 
sapientibus  10,  28 
sapit  5,  170.  11,  121 
sarcioa2,  103 
•arcioulas  6,  146 
urcinulis  3,  161 
sarcopbago  10,  172 
turaila3.  311.  15,  166 
Sardanapali  10,  362 
8ardonycbe7, 144 
aardonyches  6.  382 
nrdonychus  13,  139 
Sarmata  3,  79 
Sannentus  6, 3 


•arraca  5,  23 

sarraco  3.  255 

SarraDa  10,  38 

•arts  3,  254 

sartairo  10,  64 

satelle8  4,  116 

•atiau  6,  130 

tatira  6,  634 

satiram  1,30.  4,  106 

aauranim  3,  321 

8aUs3, 181.  8,71.  14,182 

233 
tatius  7.  13.  8,  196 
latur  7,  62 
laturabat  14,  166 
saturam  15.  3 
laturantd,  118 
Saturni  6,  570 
Saturno  6,  1 
Saturniu  13,40 
saucius  5, 27 
Sanfeia  6.  320.  9, 117 
Sauromatcque  15,  125 
Sauromatas  2,  1 
taxa  1,  83.  3,  257.  6,  649. 

10,  164.  13,  231.  15,  19 

63 
saxis  10.  144 
taxum  4,  141.  13,  51.  16, 

38 
scabie  2,  80.  6,  153 
scabieque  8,  34 
scalanim  7,  118 
scalpit  10,  195 
scalpuot  9,  133 
ScantiDia  lex  2,  44 
scaphium  6,  264 
icapulis  9,  68 
Scaurorum  6,  604 
Scauro8  2,  35.  11,91 
scelere  13,  6.  15,  89 
sceleri  13.  29.  15, 129 
sceleris  13. 105.  14,224 
tcelerum  13,  157.    14.  173 
8celus  6,  651.  10,  340.  13, 

209  237.    14,  188.   15, 

29  30 
Mena  8,  220 
scenttque  8,  118 
sceptro  10,  43 
scboenobates  3,  77 
sciat  6,  450.  13,  76 
sciet  9,  108.  10, 342 
scilicet  2,   122.   5,  76.  6, 

239  541  635.  7, 159.  14, 

156 
icindeoB  7,  177 
scindantur  3,  254 
scintillas  14,  244 
scio  7,  158.  9,  97 
Scipiadc  2, 154 


scire  3,  1 13.  9,  1 

scis  9,  73 

scissa  3,  148 

scissaque  10,  262 

8cit7,  43.  11,24 

scobis  14,  67 

scopulis  10,  170 

scopulos  10,  153 

scopulosque  13,  246 

scorti  3,  135 

scribe  14,  192 

scribendi  1,  152.  7,  52 

scribente  4, 106 

scribere  1,  30 

scriberis  9,  87 

scribet  3,  241 

scribitur  3.  161 

scrinia  6,  278 

scripsit  8,  221 

scripta  6,  277 

scripto  6,  205 

scriptores  7,  99 

scriptunis  11,  8 

scriptus  1.  6 

scrobe  14,  170 

scrofa  12,  73 

scrofil  6, 177 

scrutante  5. 95 

scrutare  2,  45 

scurra4,  31.  13,  111 

scutica  6,  480 

8cu toque  6.  248 

scutulata  2,  97 

scutum  8,  123 

Scyllam  15,  19 

Scythics  11,  139 

#uivr)»  11,27 

secantem  14,  155 

secat  10,  316 

secatur  11,  135 

secessus  3,  5 

secetnr  5,  124 

secreta  3,  113.  6,  190  314 

403.  9. 23  53.  10, 89  337 
secret^  2, 91 
secreti  3,  52 
sccreto  1 ,  95 
secretum  9.  96  102 
aecreturaque  6,  608 
secretus  6, 237 
sectae  14,  122 
sectile  3,  293 
sectivi  14.  133 
secto  6,  106 
sectum  13,  117.  15,  78 
secuit  6.  514 
secum  3.  64  75.  6, 468.  13, 

91 
secnnda  8,  253.  10,  63 
secundc  9,  31.  10,  247 
Secundi  7, 204 


512 


VERBAL  INDEX 


gccundi  9, 107 
secundo  16,  3 
secura  3,  261.  10,  75 
■ecares  8,  137.  12,  61 
lecuri,  adjeetivt,  \2,  82 
securis,  tubttantwt,  B,  268. 

10,59 
secures  3,  196 
secunim  8,  171.  9,  144 
securut  1,  162.  6,  62.   14, 

213 
aecutor  8,  210 
sedeant  3,  155 
sedeat  6,  263.|10.  213 
8edebat4,  74.  7,223 
sedem  3,  2 
sedens7,  127  152 
sedentes  7,  43 
sedeotis  10,  93 
sedes,  nouttt  12,  71 
sedet  1,96.  2,  120.  3,265. 

5,  101.  8,  190.  10,  161 
333.   11,  193 

sedisti  7,  223 

sedit  4,  76.  8,  63 

8editione2,24.  15,64 

8ege8  7,  103.  14.  143 

segmeDta  2,  124 

segmentatis  6,  89 

segnipedes  8,  67 

Sejano  10,  89 

Sejanum  10,76104 

Sejanus  10,  63  66  90 

Seioque  4,  13 

Seleucus  10,  211 

sella  7,  142 

sell&S,  136 

sellam  1,  124.  6,353 

sellas  10,  91 

seroel  3,   134.   4,  143.  6, 

521.  13.242 
semestri  7,  89 
semesum  5,  167 
teiDianimum  4,  37 
Seroiramis  2,  108 
semita  10,  363 
semivir  6,  513 
semodio  14.  67 
semper  1,  1  3  13  57  104. 

6,  109  178  268  273  364 
366  380  463.  10,  73  244 
297.  13, 190.  14, 14  205 
267  268 

semperque  3,  50.    6,  272 

14,  118 
senatori  6,  82 
senatu  8,  03 
senatus  11,29  77 
Seoeca  5,  109 
Senece  10.  16 
Senecam  8.  212 


senectc  13,  59 

teoectus  1.  144.  3,  26.  4, 

81  97.  5,  34.  7,  35.  9, 

129  139.  10,75190.  11, 

45.  13,214.  14,251 
senem  14,  4 
senescant  10, 245 
senescit  7,  52 
senex  2,  112.  3,  117.   13, 

185.  14.  57  181 
MDibus  6,  160 
senior  6,  215  587.  13,33. 
senis,  genitive,  4, 19.  6, 622. 

8.153 
SenoQumqae  8,  234 
senserat  6,  116 
seoserit  15,  90 
seosit  14.311 
seDftum  15.  146 
sensus  8,  73.  10,  240.  15, 

133 
seoteotia  2,  62.  4,  136.  6, 

498.  8,  125.  14,  205 
seotiat  10.  215 
sentina  6,99 
sentio  7. 56 

sentire  12,  98.  13, 5  238 
sentirent  15.  42 
seotit  2,  153.  6,  362 
senuerunt  6,  59 
ftenum  10,  198 
separat  15.  142 
septa  5,  81 
septem  1,  94.   6,  642  twice, 

12.  59.  14.  324 
Septembri  14.  130 
Septembris  6,  517 
septenis  6,  183 
septima  14.  105 
Septimus  14,  10.  15,  44 
sepulcri  6.  230 
sepulcris  10.  146 
sequantur  4.  135.  14,  39 
sequar  12,  86 
sequatur  13.  90 
sequitur  3. 245  250.  6.  100. 

10,  73  117 
sequiturque  1.  121 
sequuntur  10,  58 
sequutus  1.  164 
seram,  substantive ,  6.  347 
sereno  13.  228 
scrcoum  7.  179 
Seres  6,  403 
Sergiolus  6,  105 
Sergius6. 112 
seria  11.  93 

Seripho  6,  564.  10,  170 
sermo  2,  14.  3,  73.  6,  193. 

8,39 
sermone  6,  189  449 


semuNMBi  Sf  87 
sennooes  10.  88.  14. 152 
sero  1, 169 
serpens  6,  432  538.  8, 214. 

14,114 
serpeote  14,  74 
serpeotibus  5,  91.  15, 3 
serpentum  15,  159 
Serrauo  7,  80 
serta  9,  128 
sertaque  12.  84 
Sertorius6.  142 
serrabat  3,  206.  4, 59  111 
servant  14,  101 
servantur  8,  258.  14,304 
servare  2.  7.  6.  654.   11. 

83.  14,  129  262 
servas9,  54 

8ervat3, 143.  4,60.  7,138 
servata  12,  6 
servatft  6.  453 
terratae  11.  71 
servato  16,  16 
servatum  4.  68.  10, 286 
servatur  5.  71 
servavit  3.  139.  9,  80 
servet  14,  113 
8ervi3. 131.6,279.  7. 141. 

9,  103  120  123.  10,  87 
servilia  10,  319 
servire  7.41.  10,  184.  12. 

106 
serviret  4.  38 
servis,  nmm,  3,  189.  5,  66. 

6.  331.  7,  201 
servitii  3.  125 
serve    1,  93.    6.   219.    9, 

5 
servorum  3,   167.   6,  332. 

9,68.  10,234.  12,116. 

14.16  126  306 
servos  3,  141.  6,511.  11, 

189 
servulus  3.  253.   14,  67 
servum  8,  179 
servus  6.  219  222.  8,  366. 

9.  45.  10.  42 
sestertia  1,92.   2.  117.  4, 

16  29.  7,  186.  9,  41.  13, 

71 
setae  2.11 
Setinis  5.  34 
Setinum  10,  27 
seven  2,  131 
severos  11,91 
severum  14,  110 
sex  3,  203.  4, 15.  7,  166 
sezagesimus  14,  197 
sexaginta  13, 17 
sexcentis  7,  178 
sexta  1,  64.  7,  160 


TO  JUVENAL. 


513 


seztam  11,306 
laxUrias  6,  427 
Sexte2,  21 
Sextus  6,  192 
texu  2,  48.  6,253 
sezum  6,  648 
8exus6,  136  341.  11.  167 
si  1 .  74  79.  2,  69.   5.  1  3 

1.59  171 
si  qua  2,  157.  7,  22 
si  quaodo  3,  173.  5,  40.  8, 

80.  12,23 
si  quid  4.  53.  5,   126.  6, 

250.  8,  36 
siquis7,238.  8,  111 
si  quod  8.  1 10 
sibi  1,  140.  4.22.  13,46 
sibique  10.  201 
Sibyllas  3,  3.  8.  126 
sic  3.  194 

sicca  10.  113.  15.  122 
siccabis  5,  47 
sices  8.  35.  9.  12 
siccan  iam  3.  32 
siccat  5.  101 
nccato  13.  44 
siccatum  11,75 
siccentur  16.  27 
siccill.82 
siccis  13.  212 
sicco  6.  148 
siccam  1,  45 
siccus  7,  119 
Sicula  6,  486.  13.  50 
Siculo  5.  100 
Siculos9.  150 
Siculas  7,  236 
stent  2.  79 
Sicyooe  3,  69 
sidera7.  195.  8, 149.  9.33. 

11,63.  13,47 
sidere  12,  103.  16,  4 
sideribus  5.  22 
sidus  6,  569.  7,  200 
signa3,216.  8,  12.  15,157 
signabat  9,  76 
signabit  3,  82 
signare  8.  142 
sigDaUB2,  119 
signatam  14.  132 
aigoator  1.  67 
signatoribas  10.  336 
sigDCDt  3.  271 
sigDinum  1 1.  73 
signis  16.  17 

signisque8,  102.  14,307 
sig^rum  16.  55 
sigoum  5,  165.  8,  110 
Silanum  8.  27 
sileDt  7,  169 
silet  6, 238 


silicem  3,  272.  6.  350 

siligiDe  5,  70 

siliginis  6,  472 

siliquas  1 1 .  58 

silva  3.  16.  9.  13 

Silvano  6,  447 

silvarum  1.  135.  7,  58 

silvas  15.  152 

silvestrem  6,  5 

siluit  3.  304 

siluro  14,  132 

siluros  4.  33 

simia  8.  214.  10,  195.   13. 

156 
siini1em2.6.8.271.  14,  51 
similes  2.  33.  15,  131 
similesque  3,  177 
siroili  13,  135 
similU  5.  132.  6.  7  653.  8, 

270.  12,  29.  15.  160 
simiiisque  11.192.  12,  10 
siraillima  6,  165 
simillimus  8.  53 
simplex  6.  234  327 
simplex ne  1,  92 
Mmplicibus  3,  192 
simplicitas    1,   153.  2,  18. 

6,  206.  13,  35 
simpuvium  6,  343 
simul  5,  142 
simulabitur  6,  324 
simulacra  11,  104.  12,  88 
simulant  2,  3 
simulat  6,  271 
simultas  15,  33 
simus  5.  18 
siuciput  13,  85 
sine  7.  207.  8.104.  10,  112 

209.13,53.14,69.15,54 
siuebant  6.  288 
sinistra  14,  1 
sinistri  6.  256 
sinistro  2,  87.  10,  129 
siou  6.  607 
sinus  1.  88  150.   4,  41.    7. 

112.9,33 
sin{is  12,  81 
sipario  8,  186 
siphonibus  6.  310 
siquidem  6,621.  12,  107 
Sirens  14.  19 
818  2.9.  8,81269.   11,33 

60  110 
sistro  13,  93 
sit  10.  343 
sitiens  6.  426 
sitiente  1,  70.  12.45 
sitics  5,  60 

sitis  10,  140.  14,  318 
sive  2.  118.   10.  211  322 

tviee,  11,28 

8u 


socialibus  5,  31 

sociis  8,  99  108 

socio  10,  254 

sociorum  8,  89  136 

socios  10.  222 

Socraiici  14,  320 

Socraticos  2,  10 

socru  6. 231 

sodales  11.  190 

sodes  6,  280 

sol  3,  316.  15,44 

sola  3,  201.  6.  68.  8,  20. 

10.172.12,113.13,208 
sold  10,  218 
solaque  4,  3 
solam  14.  107 
solatia  13,  120  179 
solatur  6,  384 
sole  2.  133.  12,  70 
solea  6,  612 
soleat  7,  54 
solebant  12,  107 
solebas  9,  25 
solebat  4,  32.  5,  44  109.  8, 

245.  10,  33.  11,  115 
solem  7,  183.  11,203.  14, 

280 
solenne  8,  11  192 
solennibus  10,  259 
solcnt  14.  266 
soleo  9,  138 
solers  9.  65 
solet3,286.  6,415.  7.  131. 

8.  48.  11,   10  185.  13, 

103 
8oli.ad/ec<iM,9,93.  12,124. 

15, 143 
solibus  4,  43 
solida  11,  205 
solidae  5,  68 
solidam  5.  13 
solidum  10,  176 
ioVis,  subitantioe,  13,  178 
solis,  adjective,  2,  89.    11, 

108.  16.  51 
soliti  2,  92.  14,  100 
solito  11,88 
solitoque  6,  487 
solitum  8,  142.  15, 127 
solitus  5,  106.  10, 180.  13, 

153.  14,  129 
sollicitas  7.  42 
sollicitemus  16,  28 
sollicitent  9.  37 
sollicitus  5,  20.  13,  67 
solo  2,  58.  5,  150.  6,  510. 

7.63.  11,  11 
soloecismum  6,  456 
Solonis  10.  274 
solos  14.  104.  15,  37 
solstitia  4,  93 


514 

sotvat  8,  SO 

solvere  7, 157 

solveret  2,  33 

solvet  8,  154 

solvite  14,  292 

soIvitur6,  73 

solum,  substantioe,  1 1,  49 

solum,  adjective,  3,  6.     5, 

111.  7,  114.  10,189 
solus  3.  122.  7,2.  8,250. 

11,52.  14,159.  15,26 
soluta  13,  116 
solutum  9,  79 
solvunt  14,  199 
Solymarum  6,  544 
somDi6,416  478 
somnique  6.  289 
somnia  6,  547 
soronis  13,  221 
somno  3,  56 
somnoque  6,  424 
somnos  15,  154 
somnum   3,  234  238  242 

282.  5,  19.   14,222 
sonabat  1,25.  10,226 
sonant  6,  68.  7,  108 
sonantem  6.  92 
sonare  15,  51 
sonai  3,  91  262.    6,  517. 

11.  141 
sonorum  13,  167 
sonuit  6,  560 
sonus  9,  78 
sophistic  7,  167 
Sophocleo  6,  636 
soporem  13,  217 
Sera;  3,  223 
sorbeat  6,  306 
sorbere  14*  255 
sordesl.  140.5.11.14,124 
soriluIulaS.  149 
sorori  6,  111  158 
sororibus  5,  152.   10,  242 
soroiis  6,  85.  14,  284 
sororem  6,  566 
sorores  6,  20 
series  6,  583 
sortesque  1.  82 
sortis  12,  25 
sortita  est  6,  505 
sorliti  14.  96.  15.  144 
sortitus  8,  179.  13,  49 
scopes  13,  178 
Sostratus  10,  178 
spado  1.22.6,376.  14,91 
spar^rat  6.  528 
spargatque  7,  180 
spargendusque  12,  8 
spargere  9,  84 
8partana8,  101 
Spartani  8.  218 


VERBAL  INDEX 

Spartano  13,  199 
spatia  10,  275 
hpatiosum  4,  132 
spatiuro  3,  269.    -&,  39.   6, 

505  582.  10,188  358 
specie  10,  310.  14,  109 
8pectabile8.  110 
spectacula  6,  61.    8,  205. 

11,191 
spectandaque  1 1 ,  35 
spectandus  10,  67 
spectant  4,  64.  6,  652 
spectantia  15,  147 
spec  tan  tibus  2,  147 
spectare  1,  56 
spectas  14,  258 
spectat  8.  190 
spectalos  6,  371 
spectent  11,  199  201 
spectentur  13,  172 
species  5,  121 
speclet  6,  352 
specularibus  4,  21 
speculum  2,  99  103 
spelunca  6,  3 
spcluncas  3,  17 
speluncis  6,  59 
spcm  6,  331 
sperantibus  4.  57 
sperare  1,58.  6,  106  388. 

10,207.  13,234.  14.6 
speral  3,  266.  12,  120 
spernant  14,  34 
spes  1,  134.    5.  166.    7,  1 

30.  9.  125  134  147.  12, 

70.  14,278 
spicula  13.  79 
spira  8,  208 
spirant 2.  41.  7,  111 
spira nte  9,  67 
spirantesque  7,  208 
spiral  6,  463 
8polia8,  107 
spot ia re  14,  237 
spoliatis  8,  124 
spoliator  1 ,  46 
spoliet  3,  302 
spoliis6,  210  232 
spolium  2,  100  106 
spondere  13.  232 
spondet  6,  548.  7.  134 
sponsse  1 ,  78 
sponsalia  6,  25 
sponsio  1 1 ,  200 
sponsus  3.  1 1 1 
spouie  14,  107 
sportula  1,  95  118  128.  3, 

249.  10,46.  13,33 
spreti  6,  226 
spumant  6,  303 
spumanii  9,  35 


spomantibas  13,  14 
spurcos  6,  603 
squallentes  8,  17 
squa11id.i9,  15 
squallidus  11,  80 
squalloremque  15,  135 
squaroas  4,  25 
squilla  5,  81 
subant  7,  226 
siabal8,  100.  11.  118 
stagna  12,  81 
stamine  2,  55.  10,  252.  14, 

249 
staminis  12,  65 
stans7,  1.52.  11,  170 
stante  5,  65 
stantero  1,76 
stantes  1,  156.6,  291.8,3 
stantibus  7,  11.  9,  131 
suntis  3,  237 
stare  8,  138 
starique  3,  290 
Stat  3,  290.    6,  605.    7, 

125 
statiooe  6, 274 
Stallones  11,  4 
Statins  7,  83 
statua  7,  128 
statuae  10,  58 
sUtuamque  8,  143.  13, 119 
slemroala  8,  1 
stem  mate  8,  40 
Stentora  13,  112 
slercore  14.  64 
steriles2,  140.  6,  596 
8lerili7,  49.  12,97 
sterilis  5.  140.  10.  145 
sterilisque  7.  203 
sternerct  6,  5 
steroitur  10,  335 
steinuntur  16,  45 
stertere  1 ,  57 
steteral  10,  239 
stetil  1,  149.6.390.  15,91 
Sthenoboea  10,  327 
stigmate  10,  183 
sidlantis  6,  109 
stillaret  5,  79 
stillavit  3.  122 
stimulante  14,  84 
stimulat  7.  20 
stimulos  10.  329 
stipulare  7,  165 
6tlataria7,  134 
Stoica  13.  121 
Stoicids  2.  65 
Stoicus3,  116.  15.  109 
stomacho  3,  234.  6.  100. 

11,128 
stomachum  4,  67 
slomachus  5,  49 


TO  JUVENAL. 


515 


stragemque  8,  251 

slrangulat  10,  13 

strata  9,  52 

Stratocles  3,  99 

stratum  10.  175 

stratus  8,  78 

strepitu  2,  52.  7,  137.  14, 
19 

strictisque  6,  401 

stricto  1,  165.  5,  169 

stridebat  4,  58 

stridentem  14,280 

stridere  5,  160 

stridore  14,  23 

stridunt  10,  61 

striglibus  3,  263 

siriogii  8,  148 

structor  11,  136 

structorem  5,  120 

stniTuosum  10,  309 

studii3  7,  17 

studiorum  7,  1 

sttilta  1,  17.  6.  43 

stuitum  14,235 

frtupeaft  6,  87 
stupet  13.  16 

stupidi  8.  197 

stupuit4.  119.  13,  164 
StyKio  2.  150 
suadendum  10.  330 
»uaderet  13.  203 
suadcs  9.  125 
suadet  14.  23 
suasi  14.  225 

sub  3. 205.  4.  12  84.6.15. 
7.1359.  10.69.  12,103. 
14,  42.  15,  26 
subducere  U.  142 
subductis  8.  77 
subduximus  1,  15 
subeant  6.  144.  14,  202 
}(ul)eantar  16.  2 
suberant  4.  60 
subeunt  6,  592.  7.  34.  14, 

33 
subeunte  3.  28 
subeuDtem  6.  652 
subeuDtur  16,2 
siibjecta  10. 56 
8ubit2.50.  6.  419.  14,221 
8ubita>  1 ,  1 44 
subitas  13.  167 
subiti  3,  273.  6,  .520 
subito3,  169 
subitum  6,  65 
ftubitura  4.  10 
subitus  3. 305 
subitusque  4,  133.  12.  19 
sublata  5.  83 
subligar  6,  70 
sublimem  10,  37 


sublimia  7.  28 

sublimibus  3,  269 

sublimior  11,  24 

sublirois  11,  123.  12,72 

subliraius  8.  232 

subtnissa  1,  36 

subinittat  6.  334 

submitte  6,  207 

submitteret  12,  54 

subrooveant  1,  37 

subinoveor  3,  124 

subiDovet  14.  186 

subnectero  3,  315 

subrepta  5,  152 

subrepti  9,  116 

subrideus  2,  38 

subsellia7.45  86.  16,14  44 

subsidaut  6.  198 

subsidere  6.  411 

subsidiis  15,  73 

subsistere  14,  231 

substitit  3,  1 1 

substringit  6.  433 

subtcrranea  2,  149 

subtexit  7.  192 

subtrahitur  6,  650 
subvexit  5.  89 

Subura  10,156.  11,51  141 
Suburs  3.  5.  5.  106 
succensus  7,  40 
succincta  8,  162 
succinctuR  4,  24 
succiDgcre  6,  446 
succurrere  6,  443 
suci  11.76 
sucida  5,  24 
sucina  6.  573.  9.  50 
8udaD8  4.  108.   10,  41 
sudant  1,  167.  6.259 
sudautibus  1 .  28 
sudare  6,  420 
sudatS,  103 
sudavit  2.  126 
sudes  4,  128 
sudibus  6,  248 
sudoribus  13.  220 
suetus  10.231 
suffccerat  14.  298 
suflTecerit  10,  32 
ffiiffecit  14,  319 
suflTerre  1 .  29 
suflficeret  15,  80 
sufficiat  14.  317 
sufficient  7,   187.    9.    146. 

14,300  329 
suificit  3.  155.  5.  7.  6,  53. 
9.  66.  10,  40  168.  13, 
160  183.  14,  141  172. 
15,  169 
sufficiunt  3,  179.  8,  257. 
11,6 


sufflamine  8.  148.  16,  50 

sufrragia8.  211.  10,77 

8ui3.  194.  10.  192.  11,35 

se  1.  67 

secum  13.  91 

sese  2,  1 65 

suillam  14,  98 

suis  11.82.  14,307 

sulcis  14,  241 

suico  14, 170 

sulcos  7.  48 

sulcum  1,  157 

Sulloe  1.  16.  2,  28 

SulmoDensi  6.  187 

sulphura  2,  158.  5,  48 

sulphure  13,  145 

sum  6,  284 

sumas  2.  66.  3,  56 

sume  14.  326 

suraeu  12,  73 

sumendas  12.  61 

sumente  6.  634 

sumere  3.   105.  6,  118.  9, 

97.  10.99 
sumeret  13.  39 
sumes  10,  26 
sumet  2,  70.  8.  152 
sumine  1 1 .  138 
suiiiit2,  124.  3,67  172.9, 

19.  11,23 
suniitque  5,  128 
sumito  8,  134 
sumiiur  3,  181.  5,  97.  6. 

264  578 
summa  5.  2  18.  6,  369.  7, 

155.  8.  249 
summA  14,87.  15,85 
summa.  substantive,  14.218 
summam,  substantive,  3.  79. 
11,  17.  13.74.  14,323 
summam,  adjective,  \3,  132 
suromas  10,  91 
summi  1,5  38.2,  104  105. 

6,545.  10.268 
summiquc  6,  179 
summis  3.  179.  6,  349  646. 

8,  112.  11,36 
summol,  14.  4,46.  10,136 

147 
summos  10,  49 
summula  7.  174 
summum  6.  423.  8,  83.  14, 

289 
summumque  6,  532 
summus  1.  117.  6  99.  10, 

110.  15,35 
sumserit  6,  266 
sumsit  3.  80 
sumtam  4,  30 
sumtis  14,  76 
sumto  6,  330 


61G 


VERBAL  INDEX 


sumtos  16,  40 

sumtu  7,  77 

suratus  7,  186 

sumunt  2,  84.  6,  285 

snot  13, 86 

ano  12,  69 

supellex  3, 14.  11,99 

super  3,  134  240  25B.  13, 

42.  15,  14  28 
superaverat  12,  68 
superbi  6, 524 
superbis  5,  66 
superbo  6,  180 
supcrbum  8,  71.  11,  129 
Buperbus  12,  125.  14, 282 
8uperciIio2,  15.  5,  62 
superciliam  2,93.  6,  169 
superest  1,  35.  3,  27  259. 

5.  73.    6,  355.   9,  134. 

11,48.  13,  109  237 
superos  6,  19.  13,  75 
supersint  8,  184 
aupersit  11,  205 
snpersunt  8,  124 
supervacaa  10,  54 
supervacuam  2,  116 
supervacui  13,  137.   16,  41 
supina  8,  201 
supiao  1,  66 
supinnm  14,  190 
supiDUs  3,  280 
suppHcia  15,  130 
supplicio  8,  213 
suppliciuro  6,  220 
suppositos  6,  602 
Boppositunaque  10,  176 
suppositus  1,  98 
surffi  16,  14 
surda  7,  71 
surdo  9,  150.  13,  194 
surduni  13,  249 
surgat  3,  154.  7,  183 
surgebant  4,  70 
surgere  15,  123 
surgis  7,  115 
surgit  6,  529.  7,  100.  10, 

43.  11,  127.  12,23 
surgitur  4,  144 
surrexerit  14,  243 
suspecta  10,  208.  12,  93 
soiipcctis  11,  186 
suspectumque  9,  57 
suspectus  3,  222 
suspende  8,  230.  9,  85 
suspendit  6,  437 
suspicit  13,  123 
suspirat  11,  152 

sustinet  3,  93.  4,   40.  11, 

122.  14,  127 
sustinuit  6.  105.  15,  88 
susurro  4,  110 


sutor  3,  294 
suttiris  5,  46 
suum  13, 198 
Sybaris6,'296 
Syenes  11,124 
Sygarobris  4,  1 47 
Syphacem  6,  170 
Sy risque  8,  169 
Syriumque  11,  73 
syrma  8,  229 
syrmata  15,  30 
Syrophoenix  8,  159  160 
Syronim  6, 351 
Syrus  3,  62 


T. 

Tabella  6,  558 
tabella  10,  157.   12,  27 
tabellae  7.  23.  9,  36 
tabellas  6,  277.  8,  142 
tabellb  6,   200   233.    12, 

100.  13,  136 
taberna  13,  45 
tabernse  1,  105.  2,  42.  3, 

304 
Tabraca  10,  194 
tabula  8,  6.  9,  41.  14,289 
tabula?  1,90.  2,  119 
tabulam  2,  28 
tabulas  2,  58.    6,  601.  9, 

75.  12,  123.  14,  55 
tabulata  3,  199.  10,  106 
tabulis  1,68.  4,  19.  8,  102 
tace2,  01.  8,97 
taceant9,  103  115 
tacendsB  4,  105 
tacendi  2,  14 
tacendis  3,  50 
taceo  13,  127 
taces  9,  26 
tacet  6,  439 
tacetis5,  169 
tacita  1,  167 
tacito  11,  185 
taciturn  13,  209 
taciius  9,  94 
tacitusque  3,  297 
tactum  2,  93 
txda  12,  59 
tsd4  1,  155.  2,91 
taedia  7,  34.  11,  207.  16, 

44 
TiEdia  2,  49 
txdis2,  158 
Tagi  3,  65 
Tagus  14.  299 
tale  4,  22.    15,  14  115 
talem  2,  69.4.46.  8,  179 
talenta  14,274 


tales  8,  202.  10,  193.  11, 

99  180 
tali  5.  173 
talia2,  19  91.  12,  23.  14, 

150  225 
talibusll.42.  14,210.15, 

•93 
talis  2.   156.  11.  207.  12, 

103.  13.47.  14,  166 
Ulo7,  16 
tam  3.  137.  12,  23 
taroen  1,  19.  3,  98 
tamquatn  3,  47  222.  5. 127. 

6,431 
Tauaquil  6,  566 
tandem  6, 361.  13,238  248 
tangat  14,  44 
tangens  14.  219 
taogunt  13,  89 
tanta  6,  440  501.  10,  306. 

15,  120 
tanik  7,  84 
tantaque  7,  85 
tanti  3,  54.  4,  26.  6,  137 

178    626.    10.    97    165 

343.  13,96.  14,290 
tantine  5,  9 
taDtis6,  161.  12,  114.  14, 

303 
tanto   4,   18.   8,  140.    10, 

140.  14,  27  264.  15.  89 
tactum  2,  127.  3,  144.  5, 

165.  6.  373  595  fiffuv.  8, 

240.  10,  40  80.  14,  159 

233 
tantum  1,1  131  136.7,34. 

10.  238 
tantumdem  3.  298.  10,  91 
tarda  10,  186 
tardas  14,  248 
tarde  6,  477 
tardos  4,  44 
tardumque  15,  82 
tardus  4,  107 
Tarenlum  6,  297 
Tarpeiaque  13,  78 
Tarpeio  12,  6 
Tarpeium  6.  47 
Talio  14,160 
Taurea  6,  492 
Taurica  15,  116 
tauro  8,  82 
Tauromeaitanac  5,  93 
taurus  12.11 
le  8,  68  74 
tecta  6,  289.  8,  77 
tectis  3,  269 
tectoque  3,  21 1 
tecloria  6,  467 
tectorum  3,  8 
tectum  6,  304.   15,  154 


TO  JUVENAL. 


517 


te^Dt  9,  105 

teges,  verb,  9,  101 

tegete  9,  140 

tegetem  6.  117 

t^getis,  noun,  5,  8.  7,  221 

tegi  14,  186 

tegitll.  158 

tegitur  1,171.  5,  154 

tegiroen  6,  257 

tegula  3.  201 

tCKunt  16,  48 

tela,  neuter,  10,  164.    13, 

232.  15,65 
teld  U,  61 
Telamonem  14,  214 
Telepbus  1,5 
teli  15,  53 
tellure  3,  89 
telonim  13,  83 
temeraria  5,  102 
temerarius  5,  129.  14,  275 
temetum  15,  25 
temone  4,  126.  10,  135 
tempero  3,  287 
tempestas  12,  24.  IS,  228 
tempestate  4, 140.  6, 26.  7, 

2  164.  12,61.  14,302 
tempestatibus  15,  20 
templa  15,  42 
templi  13,  147 
templis  8, 143.  10,23.  12, 

7.  13,  37 
templtsque  8.  233 
templo  1,  113.  9,  24.  13, 

205 
temploram  11,  111 
templum  13,  219 
tempora  2,  38.  3,  124.  4, 

151.  6,  571.  8,  145.  10, 

254.    11,   118.    12,  62. 

14.  130  157 
tempore  3,  53  102.  4,  115 

135.   5,  22.  9,  16.    10, 

263.    11,  144.  152.   13, 

211.  15,38  68 
temporibus  4,  80.  6,  645. 

10.  15.  13.  29 
tcmporis  7,  99.  9,  125 
teinpus2,  115.  8,150.  16, 

49 
ten' 13,  140 
teoax  8,  25 
tende  6,  52 
teodit  10.  154 
tenditur  6.  426 
teneam  5.  58.  13,  94 
teneat  1,23  31 
tenebat  1.61.  6,  658 
tenebil  14.297 
tenebru;  12,  18 
tenebras  3,  225 


teoent  6,  70 

tenentis  3,  89.  14,  63 

teoentur  3,  306 

tener  I,  22.  5,  70.  6,  383. 

9,46 
tenerce  2,  86 
teneri  6.410.  15,  158 
teneris  12.  39.   14,215 
tcneros  7,  237 
tcnerum  6,  548.  8,  16 
tenet  2,  99.   5,  31   39.  6, 

383  454.   7,50  51.    10, 

41  154.  16,  54 
tenso  14,281 
teosam  7.  117 
tenia,  verb,  7,  175 
tentare  10,  305 
tentarent  7,  5 
fentaveris  5,  126 
tentes  3,  297 
tentigine  6,  129 
Tentyra  15,  35  76 
tenue  9.  31.  10,  269 
tenuem  7,  207 
tennes  3,  163  227.   8,  120. 

15,  101 

tenui,  adjective,  2.  55.  3.97 
193.  4,  110  132.  6.259 
541  659.  7,  145.  9,  138. 
15,21 

tenuique  7,  48  80 

tenuis  13,  7 

tenus  6,  446 

tepenti  10,  149 

ter6,523  661.  11,86.  14, 
28 

Terea  7,  12 

terga  4.  128.   11,  82.   13, 

16.  15,75 
tergeat  14.62 
teri^ens  13.  44 
tergo  1,  6 
terit  9.  4 

Terpsichoren  7,  35 
terra  15,  70 

terr4  15,  122  139 

terraque  14,  222 

lerroj  7,  103.   14,7 

terrKque  8,  257 

terram  2,  130.    4,   10.   6. 

429.    7,  207.    11,    164. 

15.92  147 
terras  4, 83.  6,411.  13,226 
terretur  14,  285 
terribiles  15,  124 
terris  2.  25.   6,  2  165.    8, 

37.  10,  1  279.    13,  126. 

15,86 
terrore  10.  357 
tenia  2.  60.  3,  199.  5,  17. 

14,  326 


terliu8  2,40.  13,73 
tesxellae  11,  132 
tessera  7,  174 
testa  3.  270.  4.  131 
tc8tn6,  514.  14.311 
tests  5.  35.  15,  128 
testamenta  1.  37 
testamento  12,  121 
testamentum  6,  549 
testandi  6,  216    16,  51 
testantur  12.  27 
testarum  11.  170 
teste  6.  136  311.    10,  70. 

15,26 
testem  2,  76.   3.  137.   13, 

198.  16,29  32 
testes  8,  149.  13,  75 
testi  5,  5 
testiculi  6,  339 
testiculorum  12,  36 
testiculos  6.  372.  11,  157 
testis  6.  220.  8,  80.  9,  77. 

14,218 
testudine  6.  381.  14,308 
testudineo  6,  80 
testudo  U,  94 
teterrima  6.  418 
teiigit  2,  128.  7,  109 
tetrum  10.  191 
tetruroque  3,  265 
Teucrorum  8.  56 
Teutonico  10.  282 
texit  6,  44.  8,  43 
tcxtoris  9,  30 
Thaida  3,  93 
Thaletis  13,  184 
theatra  14.  256 
tbeatrilO.  128  213 
thealro  3,  173.  6,  68 
theatrum  11,4 
Thebaidos  7,  83 
Thebarum  13.27 
Thebas  7,  12.  14,  240 
Thebe  15.  6 
1  helesine  7,  25 
Themison  10.221 
TIieodori7,  177 
thermae  11,4 
thermarum  R,  168 
thermas  7,  233 
Thersitai  8,  271 
Thersites  8,  269.  11,31 
Theseide  1,  2 
Thcssala  6.  610 
Thessaliuae  8,  242 
thoraca  5.  143 
thoris  1,  136 

thoro3.82.  13,218.  15,43 
thnrum  6.  5 
Thraccs  6,  403 
Ibracum  13,  167 


5ia 


VERBAL  INDEX 


I'hrasca  5.  36 

Thrasymachi  7.204 

Thrasyili  6,  576 

Thrax  3,  79 

Thule  15,  112 

thura  12,90.  13,  116 

thure9,  137 

Thyestae  8.  228 

Thymele  1,  36.  6,  66  twice 

Thymeles  8,  197 

tliyrsutnque  6,  70 

thyrsumve  7,  60 

tiara  6,  516.  10,267 

Tiberi  6,  523.  7,  121 

Tiberim  3,62.  14,202 

Tiberinum  8,  265 

Tibvriiius  5.  104 

tibi5,  118 

tibia  6.  3i4 

tibicina  2.  90 

tibicine  3,  63  193.  15,  49 

Tiburi8  3,  192.  14,87 

Tiburtino  1 1 ,  65 

Tigeiliuum  1,  155 

tigillo  7,  46 

tionutn  3,  246 

iignde6.  270.  15,  163 

ligrisS,  36.  15,  163 

time  10,26 

timearo  1,  103 

timcaiis  3,  57 

timeasS,  310 

timeat  6,  51 

limebisS,  172.  10,20 

timemus  10,  4 

timendaft  2,  31 

timendus  4,  153 

tiroent  6,  95 

timeo  10,  84 

timeret  6,  1 7.  11,  92 

timeri  3,  113 

timet  1,35.3,  190.  15,119 

limetur  13,  227 

timid  um  6,  524 

timidus  6,  633 

timor  1 ,  85 

timuil  3,  190 

tinea  7,  26 

tintinnubula  6,  441 

'1  irctiam  13,  24^      • 

tironem  16,  3 

tirUDCulus  11,  143 

Tiryntliius  11,  61 

Tisi phone  6,  29 

litan  14,  35 

Titanida  8,  132 

Til.o  4,  13 

titubantibu!(  15,  48 

tiluli  8.241 

titulique  10. 143 

titui:s5,  110.  8,  69 


titulo6,  230.  11,86 

titulosl.  130.  14,291 

titulum  6,  123 

titulumque  5,  34 

tO};a  1,  119.  3,149.  8,240 

tog  A  10,  8 

togs  9,  29.  10,  39 

towam  2,  70.  3,   172.   11, 

204 
togatas  I,  3 
togata  8.  49 
togatas  1,  96 
togati7,  142 
togatus  3,  127.  16,  8 
tolerabile  6,  613.  7,  69 
toleranda  6,  184 
tolerant  6.  593 
tollas  8,  122.  10, 142 
tollatur  6,  364 
telle  6,  170 
tollendus  14,  268 
toUentibus  1,  81 
tollere  6,  38 
toilet  14,  247 
tolli2.  101 
tollis  9,  84 
tolIit6.  321 
toIii(e9,  105 
tollunt  13.  147 
tolluDtur  6,  155 
tomacula  10,  355 
tonantem  13.  153 
tonat  13.224.   14,295 
tondendum  6,  378 
tondente  1,  25.  10,  226 
Tongilli  7,  130 
tonitrua  5,  117 
tonsi  11,  149 
tonsore  6,  26 
tonsoris  6,  373 
tophura  3.  20 
torn  1,  136 

tormenta  9,  18.  14,  135 
tormentis  6,  209 
tormentum  2,  137 
toro3,82.  13,218.  15,  43 
torpente  10,  203 
torpentis  4,  43 
torqueat  1,  9.  3,  27.  6,  450 
torqueutem  13.  165 
torquerc  5,  155.  15.  64 
torqueas,  verbf  5,  26 
torquet  6.  624,  14,251 
torquetis  2,  56 
turquibus  16.  60 
torrens6,319.  10,9.  13,70 
tor  rente  5,  105 
torrentem  4,  90.   10, 128 
torrent ior  3,  74 
torret  9,  1 7 
tortoque  1 1 ,  70 


tortore  13,  125.  14,  21 

toitoribus  6,  480 

torva  10.  271 

torv&  6.  643 

torvuK)ue  4,  147 

tonim  6,  5 

torvum  2,  36 

torvuroqae  8,  155 

torvus  13,  50 

tot  1.  137.  6,  503.   13, 18. 

15,61.  16,24 
tota  3,  10.  4,   150.  5,  21. 

6,  151  381.  9,  76.  10. 
18  237.  12,100.  13,173. 
14,  148.  15.8.  16,20 

totfi  6,  171.  8,  19  206w  9, 

13.  11,141.  13,61206. 
14.61 

toUro  6,  398  616.   11,  183 

195.  14,  94 
tolas  10,7.  14,230 
totidem  1.94.  7,  225.  13, 

26.  14.  13 
toties  1.2.  2,37.  6,44  94. 

7,  166  214.  9,  1.  10, 
187  250.    16,44 

totis6,61.  8.255.   10,115 

totius8,  115.  16,  43 

toto  2,  85.    4,  54.   6.  328 

402.  7,97.  8.86.  10,24 

63288.   11,66.    13.218. 

14,  154.    15.  5o9l 
totos  1,  140  150.   6,   474. 

10,  323 
totum  3,209.    6,  425  521 

525.    12,  128.    13,  153. 

14,313.    15,80 
totus2,  79.  7,226.  15,  110 
ti^bes  10,  35 
trabeam  8,  259 
trabibus  14,276  296 
tractanda  4.  80 
tractanduro  II,  28 
traclare6,  102.    14.  254 
tractas  9.  53 
tractato  6,  550 
tractemus  16,  7 
tradat  6,  239 
tradentur  5,  i  16 
tradiderit  10,  299 
tradidit  14,  102 
tradit  8,  72 
traditur2,  129 
traducimtir  2.  159 
traducit  7,  16.  8,  17 
tradunt  15,  117 
traduntque  14.3 
traduntur  6,  370 
tragcedo  6.  74 
tragcedum  6,  396 
tragics  12,  120 


TO  JUVENAL. 


610 


tragicis  6,  643 
tragico  2,  29 
tragicos  15,  31 
trahat  10,  88 
trahere  13,  108.  15,  151 
traheretur  12,  11 
trahit  11,23.  14,37  325 
Irahitw2.  54 
trahitur  10,  99 
trahuDt  8,  66 
tranquiliae  10,  364 
traDsducebat  11,  31 
tianseo  6,  602.  10,  273 
transfeit  3, 198.  5, 43 
traiMi3,  114.  7,190 
transient  14,  11 
transire  2, 151 
trao  situs  3,  236 
traD&]atus3,  169 
traQS8ilietl4,279 
tranasilit  10.  152 
transversa  6,  483 
Trailibus  3,  70 
Uaxerat  4,  146 
traximas  15,  146 
Trebio  5.  135 
Trebium  5,  135 
Trebiu>  5,  19 
trechedipna  3,  67 
tremebuoda  6,  525 
tremens  6,  543 
trementes  2.  94.  7,241 
trementia  10,  198 
tremere  5,  11 
tremerent  11,  90 
tremuli  6,  616 
treinulis  6,  96 
treinulo  11,  164 
tremulumque  6,  622 
tremulus  10.  267.  16,  56 
trepiJa  9,  130 
trepidabis  10.  21 
trepidabit  8,  152 
trepidam  3.  139 
trepidant  13,  223 
irepidantem  8,  250 
trepidantis  12.  15 
trepidas  14.  64 
trepidat  1,  97 
trepidatur  3,  200 
Uepidi  2.  64.  14.  20 
trepido  1.36.   14.199 
trepidosque  10,  296 
trepidum  13,  106 
trepiduroque  14,  246 
tres  2.28.  5.  141.  6.  144. 

9,  90.  12,  95.  14,  169 
tria  5,  127 
tribuat  10,  301 
tribui  9,  39 
tribunal  8,  127.  10,  35 


Tribuoi  1,  109.  3, 132.  7, 

228 
Tribunis  3.  313 
Tribune  1.101.2, 165. 11,7 
Tribunes  7,  92 
trtbus,  ablative,  1,  158 
tribula  3,  188 
tridentem  8,  203.  13.  81 
trientem  3,  267 
Trifolinus  9,  56 
triginU  12,  74 
triplicem  9,  7 
tripodes  7,  II 
triremis  10,  135 
triscurria  8,  190 
triste  6,  569.    13,  49.    14, 

110 
tristes  9.  69.  7,  2 
tristibus  2,  9.  6,  389 
tristis  1,145.  2,62.  3,57. 

6,   128.   9,  1.    10,  136. 

11,  153 
tritas  6,  573 
tritoque  8.  66 
tritus  13.  10 
triviale  7.  55 
trivio6.  412 
triumphalem  8.  144 
triumphdles  1,  129 
triumphi  4,  125 
triumpho  11.  192 
triumphos  6,  169.  7,  201. 

8,  107 
Troja  10,  258 
Trojanum  4,  61 
Troica  8,  221 
Trojugenae  8.  181 
Trojugenas  I,  100 
Trojugenis  1 1 ,  95 
trophsDis  10.  133 
truces  15,  125 
irulla  3.  108 
trunca  13,  79 
truncis  10.  133 
trunco  13,  178 
truncoque  8.  53 
trutina  6.  437 
Trypheri  11,  137 
tu  8.53 
tua  8.  68 
tuba  15,  52 
tuba  6.  250.  15,157 
tubarum  10,214 
tubas  1,  169.  6,  442 
tubera5.  116  119.  14,7 
tubicen  14,  243 
Tuccia  6,  64 
tuendis  8,  169 
tueri  13,  201 
tuetur  3.  201.  14,  302 
tui5,  75.  9,91.  10,310 


tuis  8,  96  231 

tulerim  6,  651 

tulerit2,24.  6,116 

tulisset  5,  4.  10,  278 

tulisti  9,  39 

tulit2,  36.  6,131.10,267. 

13,  105 
Tulli  5,  57 
Tullia  6. 308 
Tullius  7,  199 
tumentum  10,  309 
tumes  3.  293.  8,  40 
tunoet  6,  462 
turoidaqne  14,  282 
tumids  2,  13 
turoidis  16, 11 
tumidum  13,  162 
tumultu  6.  420.  13,  130 
tunc  4.  28.  7,  96.  10.  47 
tundendum  6,  378 
tune  6,  192  641  642 
tunica  8.  235.  10,  38.   13, 

122 
tunica  3,  179  254.  8.207 
tunicam  1,93.  14,  153 
tunicas  6.  446  477  521 
tunicati  2,  143 
tunicis  14.287 
turba4.  62.  5,21.6,439. 

10,  73.    13,  46.    15,  46 
81 

turba  3.  239.    6,  196.   7, 

131 
turbamque  14,  167 
turb«  1,  96.  15.61 
turbat  13. 222 
turbavit  6,  8.  14,  94 
turget  14.  138 
turgida2.  141 
turgidus  1.  143 
Turni  12.  105 
Turnus  15.  65 
turpe3.  168.  4,  la  6,188 

390  457.  7,5.   11,  175. 

14.48 
turpem  6,  241 
turpes  1 ,  78 
turpi  6,241  299 
turpia  2.  9.  7,  239.  8.  182 
turpibus  14,  41 
turpis  2.  71  111.  6,  131. 

11.  174 
tnrpissimus  2,  83 
turpiter  6.  97.  8,  165 
turre  6.  29 1 
turribus  15,  158 
turrim  12.  110 
turris  10,  106 
turture  6,  39 
Tuscad,  180 
Tusc&  6.  186 


520 


VERBAL  INDEX 


Tuico  6,  289.  10,  74.  11, 

109 
Tasc'ts  13.  62 
Tuscum  1 ,  22 
tuta  9.  139 
tatiE  3,  306 
tutela  14,  112 
tuti  12,  81 
taior  8,  79.  10,  92 
tutos  5,  91.  15«  154 
tutum  3,  109 
tutus  4,93.  11.  146 
Tydides  15,  66 
tympana  3,  64.  6,  515.  8, 

176 
Tyndaris  6,  657 
tyranni4.  86.  10,  113 
tyrannide  8.  223 
tyrannis8,  261 
tyraoDO  10,  162 
tyraoDos  7,  151 
tyraoDUS  10,  307 
Tyriasl,27.  6,246 
Tyrio  7,  134.  12,  107 
Tyriusque  10,  334 
Tyrrhenamque  12,  76 
Tyrrhenos  6,  92 
Tyrrhenura  5,  96 


V. 

Vacantem  8,  118 

vacat  1,21.  5,  8 

vacua  3,  96 

vacuatn  1,  124.  6, 122 

▼acui  15,23  100 

vacuis3.  2.  8.  90.  10,  102 

vacuisque  1,  136 

vacuo  5, 17.  6.  68 

vacuumque  14,  57 

vacuus  10,  22 

vadas  1 1 ,  205 

vade  2,  131 

Tadin)onia3,  213  298 

vadit  8,  168 

vadum  2,  151 

Vagelli  16.23 

Vagelli  13,  119 

vaginae  5,  44 

vagitus  7,  196 

vale  3. 318 

valeant  15,  67 

vale^t6.  611.  13,  120 

valent  10.  115 

valrntius  12,  63 

vale  6,  100.    8,   171.    10, 

238.  16,4 
valida  11,  5 
valle2,  133 
vallem  3.  17 


vallibtts?,  7 

vallo  15,  120 

vallum  16.  16 

valva;  4,  68 

valvis  9,  98 

vana  13,  137.  16,41 

vanae  7,  203 

vani  6,  638 

vanissime  14.  211 

vano  3,  159 

vanus  8,  15 

vapulo  3,  289 

varia  13,  236 

varicosus  6,  397 

varie  3,  264 

Varillu8  2.22 

va»  7,  119 

va&a  3.  251  271.  6.  356. 

10.  101.  14,  62 
vascula9,  141.  10,19 
Vascones  15,  93 
vatero  7,  53 
vales  6,  436.  13. 199 
vati  6,584.  7,93 
vatibus  1,18 
Vaticano  6,  344 
vatisU,  114.  13.79 
valum  7,  89 
ubera6,  9.  12.8 
uberibus  6,  273 
ubeiior  1,  87 

ubi  2,  37.  3,  12  296.  11,47 
ubicuraque  4,  55 
ubique   I.  17.    3,  303.    8, 

104  238 
Ucalegon3.  199 
uda  1,68.  9,4 
udis  10,  321 
udo  8,  242 
udus  8,  159 
vectari  6,  677 
vectetur  4,  6 
Vecti  7.  150 
vectoris  12,  63 
vehatur  1,  158 
vehemeDs9,  11.  11,34.  13. 

196 
vehementius  8,  37 
veheris  5,  55 
vehetur  3, 239 
vehitur4.21.  6,351 
vehunt  3,  256 
VeieDto3, 185.  4,113  123. 

6,  113 
vel  13,  125 

vela  6.  228.  9, 105.  15,127 
velamen  3.  178 
velantes  14,300 
velare  6,  391 
velari  6,  340 
velaria  4,  122 


velas  8,  145 

veliScatos  10.  174 

velim  5.  107.  9, 1 

veliat  7,  157 

veliii,  noun,  1,  149.  12,2*2 

velis,  rer6.  10,339.  11,30 

velit  IS,  176 

velleodai  1 1 ,  157 

vellera  2,  56 

vellere,  noun,  6,  289 

velles  6,  282 

vellel6,  598.  10,184  282 

vellus  12,  4 

velo  12.  69 

velocis  13,  98 

velocius  14,31 

velox  3.  73.  9.  126 

Velox  8,  187 

velut  1.  165.  4.  59.  5.  125. 

6,363.  13.216  228 
veluti  11,  198 
vena  7.  53 
venabula  1 ,  23 
vcnaeque  9,  31 
Venatrano  5,  86 
venale  3,  33.  8.  62 
venales  12,  102.   14,  151 
venaliS.  162 
veoalibus  3,  187 
venam  6,  46.  13,  125 
venantur  14,  82 
venator  4,  101 
venatricis  13,  80 
vendant  8.  192 
vendas  7,  10 
vendat  5,  98.  7, 87 
vendente  6,  258 
vendeuti  6.  591 
vendentis  6,  380 
vendere4,  33.  8,  194.  14, 

200 
vendes  6,  212 
vendet  14,218 
vendimus  10.  78 
vendit  4,  27  (tric^.  6.  6ia 

7,  10  135.  8,  128 
vendunt  6,  547.  7.  136.  8. 

193 
venefica  6,  626 
venena7.  169.  14,173 
vcneni8. 17.  9.100.  13,154 
veneno3.  123.  6,  631 
venenum  6,  133 
venerabile  13,  58.  15.  143 
venerantur  15.  8 
venerat  1,111.  2,  166 
Venere  10,  362 
Venerem  10.  209 
Veneres  13,  34 
Vcneri2.  31 
Veneris  4,  40.  6,   138.  7, 


TO  JUVENAL. 


521 


25.    10,  290.    II,  16& 

16.  5 
▼eDeris  13. 161 
▼eoerit  5,  145 
veneto  3,  170 
veniam,   nount   2,  19    63. 

5,   42.    6.  SS6  640.    8, 

167.  11,  174.  16,  103 
veniam,  verb,  3,  322 
veniant  7,  166 

vcnias  1,  98.  7,  29 
vcniat  1,32.  16,27 
venient  13,  102 
veoiente  3,  266 
venientibus  11.  113 
venieDtis  11,  106.  14,65 
venies  11,  61 
veniet  1,   160.  3,  243.  6, 

168.  6,332.  7.184  185. 
8,  49.  10,  336.  11,66. 
14,  277 

venis,  verb,  3,  292 
venisse  6.  477.   10,216 
veDisset  4,  149.  10,  258 
T^oit  2,  83  167.  6,  83.  6, 

148  425.  7,  110.  8,60. 

10,  18.  11,  160 
¥«Dit  4,  81.  6,99.  10,71 
venit,  from  veneo,  7,  174 
veniuDt  6,  139  464.  1 1 ,  20 
venter  4.  107.  9,  136 
veati  1 , 9 
Ventidio  1 1 ,  22 
Ventidius  7.  199 
▼entilat  1,  28.  3,253 
▼entis  12,34  67 
vento  3,  83 
▼entonim  13,  226 
▼entosa  14,  68 
▼entoso  8,  43 

ventre  5,  6.  6,  596.  12,  60 
ventrem6, 124.  11,  40.  14, 

199 
ventres  3, 167.  14,126149 
veotri  15,  174 
ventriculuro  3,  97 
ventris  16,  100 
venturo  14,  59 
ventus  12,  67 
Venua  6, 300  670 
Venusina  1,  61 
Venosinara  6,  167 
ver5,  116.  7,  208.  9,61 
vera  2,  64  1 53.  4,  36.  10, 

3.  14,240.  16,  3S 
ver&  8,  188 
veraque  15,  17 
versqae  6,  251 
veram  7,  1 12 
veramque  13,  206 
veras  7, 168 


verba  4.91.    6.  391  456. 

11,8 
verbera  8,  267 
verberat  6,  481 
verbere  13,  194.  16,  21 
verberibus  10,  317 
verbis  2,   19  110.  6,  406. 

11,170 
verborum  6,  440.  7,  230 
verbosa  10,  71 
verbum  1,  161 
vere  4,  88 
verebor  2,  21 
vereodum  14,  115 
vergas  8,  136 
Verginius  8,  221 
verb  3,  18.   13,  134 
verius  2,  16 
verna,  noun,  1,  26 
vernam,  iwun,  9,  10 
vernula  6,   106.    10,   117. 

14,  169 
vernum  11,203 
vernus  5,  78 
vero,  fumn,  4,  91 
verd  13,  84 
verpos  14,  104 
verre,  verb,  14,  60 
Verrem  3,  53 
Verre9  8,  106 
Verri  2,  26.  3,  63 
versamua  7,  49 
versare  8,  67 
versaU  13,  218 
versetur  14,  206 
versibus  7,  153 
verso  3,  36 
versu  7,  86 
versuui  1 ,  79 
versus,    noun,    6,     464  7, 

28.  11,  180 
vertere,  perfect,  11,  49 
verterit  7,  242 
vertice  3,  252.  5,   171.  8, 

247.  11,  160.  12,81 
vertigine  6,  304 
vertitur  6,  99 
vertunt  3,  30 
venibus  16,  82 
vervecis  3,  294 
vervecum  10,  60 
verum,  noun,  3,   171.    6, 

143  325 
verum  3,  125.  9, 70.  12,  97 
vescebantar  15,  106 
vesci  15, 13 
vesica  1,  39 
vesicae  6,  64 
Vestam  4,  61 
Vestamque  6,  386 
veste  10,245.  14,110 

dx 


vestem  2,  67.  6,  352.  12, 
38.  13,  132 

vester  7,  98 

vestibulis  1,  132.  7,126 

vestibus  12,  68 

vestigia  6. 14  226.  13,244. 
14,  36  63  272 

Vestinu8<]ue  14,  181 

vestis  6.  482 

vestit  11,  166 

vestiti  3,  135 

vestitur  6,  616.  12,100 

vcstram  3,  320 

vetat  10, 237  293 

vetent  6,  74 

Vetera  3,218 

veterem  4,  52  137.  6,  307. 
13,61 

veteres  1.  132.  3,  11.  6, 
335  346  619.7.120170. 
8,19.  10,299.  14,  189 

veteri  6,  64.  6,  121 

veteri8  3,  1  195.  4,  105.5, 
35.  6,14  319.  9,16.13, 
147  214.  14,37  184 

veterum  6,  13 
vetet  6.  628 

vctitum  14,  185 

veto  13.  128 

vetula  6,  194.   10,  196 

vetulae  1,  39.  6,  241.    14, 

208 
vetulo  13,  56.  16,  39 
vetulus  10, 268 
vetus  1,  76.  3.  206.  6,  21 

160.  16,6  33 
vetusta8.  34 
vetusto  15,  151 
vetustos  6,  162 
vexant  1,  100.  7,  64 
vexantur  2,  43 
vexare  1,  126.  6,  599  611. 

13,  108  133 
vexat  2,  63.  7,  131.  12,  9 
vexatee  6,  290 
vexatasque  11,  187 
vexatus  1,2 
vexilla  2,  101 
vexillaque  8,  236 
vexillum  10,  156 
vexit  3,  65 
via  l,t39.  14,223 
viam  14,  122 
vias  14,  103 
viator  10,  22 
vice  16,  53 
vicerit  13,  4 
vicerunt  10,  285 
vices  6,  311.  13,88 
vicibus  7,  240 
vicimus2,  163 


522 


V£RBAL  INDEX 


Yicina4,7.6,509. 14,143. 

15.  76 
Yicioanimqae  6,  6 
vicinia  14,  154 
vicino  15,  154 
Ticinonim  15,  36 
vicioos  6,  414 
viciDum  1,8.  6,  32 
vicious  6, 152.  13,  185.16, 

37 
vicit  2,   143.  4,  136.    14, 

214 
vicorura  3,  237 
vicos  6,  78 
victa  10.  277 
victsque  10,  135 
victi  6,  661 
Tictimal2,  113 
Tictis  8,  99.  11,  198.   12, 

126 
victo  10.  286 
victor  2,  73 
viclori  7,  243 
victoria  1,  115.  8,  59  63. 

15,47 
victoris  2,  162 
victrix  1,50.  13.20.15,81 
victum  14,  273 
victumque  6,  170  293.  7,  9 
victuro  9,  58 
victurus  6.  567 
victus  9,  2.  10,  84 
vicus  2,  8.  6,  656 
videant  10,  87 
videaa  2,  76.  13,  170  182. 

14,32 
videhat  2.  100 
videbisl,91.3,177.  5,25. 

6,503.  14.245 
videmus  4.  22.  13,  8 
videodus  6,601 
videntur  11.  121 
video  G,  395.  13.  118 
videor  14.322 
videres  11.  197 
vidcret  13.  56.  15.  172 
viden6,  113  445  464 
videris  5.  161.  9,  20.    13, 

243 
vidcrit  9.  36 
videruDt  3,314.  6.23.   11, 

118 
vides  3,249.  8.90.  11.  9. 

12,  126.  13.  135 
videt  6.  408.   8.  149.  10, 

252  290.  13.221 
videtur  3,  96.  6,  161  176 
201   505  580.    14,  142. 
16.58 
vidi  7,  13.  16,  30 
vidimus  3,  6 


vidisse  14,  283 

vidisset  10.  36 

vidisti  7,  14 

vidistis  7,  205 

vidit  4.  92.    6,   104  215 

247.  10,  265.    14,  311. 

16,  30 
vidua  6.  141 
vidus  4.  4 
viduam  6,  405 
viduas  8.  78 
vigeaot  10,  240 
vigila  14.  192 
vigil ando  3.  232 
vigilant!  1.  57 
vtgilantibus  3,  129 
vigilare  10,  162.  14,  305 
vigilat  8,  236 
vigilataque  7,27 
vigilem  14.  260 
vigiles  3.  275 
vigili  13.  229 
viginti  9,  140 
vile  11,97 
viles  13.  142 
vilibus  5,  146 
vilis  5.  4.  7,  174.  14, 269 
villa  14.  141 
villa  4.  112 
villarum  14.  89 
vUlas  1.   94.    7.  133.  10, 

225.  14,  95  275 
villica  11,  69 
villicus  3.  195  228.  4,  77 
vimine  3.  71 
vina  5,  51.    11.   159.    13, 

213 
vincant  1,  110 
vincebat  14,  91 
viocens  14.  90 
vincere  13.  112 
vinceris  14.  213 
vincis  8,  54 

vincitur  10.  159.  14.  145 
vincla  13.  186 
vincli8  3,  310 
vincuntur  6,  438 
vindez  10.  165 
vindice  4.  152.  8.  222 
vindicta  13.  180.  16,  22 
vindicti  13,  191 
vini  7.  236.  10.  203.   11. 

161 
vino  6.  386 
vinoque  5.  49.  6.  315 
vinosus  9.  113 
vinum5.24.  7.97  121 
vinxerat  10.  182 
violte  12,  90 
viol  are  15,  9 
violarent  3. 20 


vidUtc  13,  6 

yiolati  13,  219 

violato  6.  537 

violatasll,116 

violaverit  15,  84 

violentius  4,  86.  8,  37 

vipera  6.  641 

vir  2,  129.  6.  5S  254 

virentem  12,  85 

vires  3,  180.  6,  253 

virga  3.  317.  8,  7  153 

virgB7.  210 

virgamque  14.  63 

virgas8.  23  136.  11,67 

Virgilio  7.  69 

Virgiliam  6.  435 

virgine  6.  506 

Vir^nia  10.  294 

virgtnis  15,  139 

Virgo  3. 110.  8,265.  9,72. 

14,29 
virguncula  13,  40 
viri  6.  360  508  654.  9,  85. 

13.  12 

vinbus  10,  10  209.  12.  42. 

15,104 
viridem  5, 143.  9,  50 
virides  6,  228  458.  7,  118. 

14.  147 
viridi  3.  19 
viridisll.  196 
viris  6.  130  455 
virol.70.  2.129.  4.   136L 

6.  112  224  270  389  575 
virorum  6.  399.  15.  48 
viros  2,  45.  6.  329.  10,  49 

223  304 
Virro  5.  39  43  128   149. 

9.35 
Virrrooem  5,  156 
Virroni  5.  99 
Virronibus  5,  149 
Virroois  5.  134 
virtus  1.115.  6.323.  8.20 
virtute2.  20.  4.2.  15,  114 
virlutem  10.  141  364 
virtutibusS,  164.  6,  168 
virtutis  10.  141.  14. 109 
virum6.  116.  13.64 
vis,    verb,    1.   74.    2,   69. 

5,  74  135   138.  7,  165. 

10.  94  346.  14.  253 
vis,  noun,  6.  440 
visa  6.  538.   14,  164.  15^ 

40 
visae  4.  114 
visain  11.  152 
visamque  6,  2 
viscantur6,  463 
viscera  3, 44  72.  4,  111.9, 

43 


TO  JUVENAL. 


623 


visceribut  \2,  15 

visci  9«  14 

Tisis  12,  74 

Tifoe  10,  90 

▼isuque  14,  44 

viflurus  6,  3 13 

Yita  10,  343 

Yiia  11.  67.    13,  22  180 

235.  15,  108 
vitae?.  172.  9.  21  27  127. 

10.   188  247    275  358 

364.11.207.12,70.13, 

21.  14,  106  157 
▼iUm  4,  91.  8,  84.  12,  50. 

15, 161 
▼itanda8,  116 
yiUrc  6,  572 
▼iUri  3,  284 
Titem  8,  247.  14,  193 
vitia  2,  34.  13,  188 
vitibus9,  56.  11.  72 
vitiia  4,  3.  6,  288 
Titio3,  121.  12,51 
vitioqae  14,69 
vitiorum  1,  87.  14,  32  123 
▼itis  6,  375 
▼itium  1,  149.  3,  182.  6, 

413.  8,  140.  14,  109  175 
vitreo  2,  95 
vitro  5,  48 
vitta8  6,50.  12,118 
vituta  4,  9 
▼italil3,  117 
▼italisque  3,  238 
vitulum  2,  123 
▼itulaa  12.  7 
vivant  3, 29 
maria  3,  308.  4,  51 
vivai,  vtrb,  8,  46 
Tival  6,  56  57.  12,  128 
vive  3,  228 

vivebant  6,  12.  13, 38 
vivebat  8,  103 
▼iTeodi8.  84.  "ll,  11 
viveodaiD  3,  197.  9,  118 
viventibus  10,  243 
▼iveotis  6.  56 
vivere  2, 135.  5,  2.  7, 137. 

14,  13T 
▼iveret  6,  18 
vhrimus  3.  182 
vi?it6,  509.  8.55 
vivite  14.  179 
rivitur  8,  9 
Tivo.  noun,  4,  10.  15,  69. 

16,52 
vivunt2,d.  12,51.  15,62 
▼ivus  2,  59 
▼ix  3,  251.  4,  109.  5,  68. 

6,  53  563  594.    9.  76. 

10,  214.  13,  14  26  74. 

14, 150  163.  15,  55 


▼izerat  10,  272 

▼izerit  7,  235 

vixit  6,  56 

ulcisci  8.  222 

ulciBcitur  6, 293 

ulciscuDtur  9,  1 1 1 

ulcus  6,  473 

Ulixes9, 65.  11,31.  15,14 

ulla  6.  41 

ullo  2,  42 

ulmea  11,  141 

ulroos  8,  78 

ulmosque  6,  150 

ulterior  4,  20.  7,  30 

ulteriusl,  147.  9,  38.  15, 

118 
uUima2,34.  3,140.  6,128. 

8,  44.  9,  81.   10,  275. 

12,55.  15,95 
ultimus  3,  201  209.  4.  38. 

8,260.  10.342.  15.90 
ultio  13.2  191.  16,19 
ultor  8,  216.  10,  165.  14, 

261 
ultra  2,  1  159.  3,  180.  5, 

18.  6,  190.  8,  164  199. 

10,   154.    14.  202  327. 

16.26 
ultro  13, 108 
Ulubris  10,  102 
ululantque  6,  316 
umbellam  9,  50 
umboDe  2,  46 
umbra  2,  157 
umbrft  4,  6.  6,  4.  7,  8  105 

173.  14,  109 
umbrae  13,  52 
umbram  10,  21 
umbrarum  8,  65 
umbras  1,9.  10,258 
Umbricius  3,  21 
umbriferos  10, 194 
umbris  7, 207 
umbross  15,76 
umquam  2,  168.  3,  51.  5, 

126.6,212  222  365.  9, 

48.  10.  120  279 
uoa  1.  138.6,443.8.213. 

10.   198.   11.    161.   13, 

160  166.  14.  39 
una  6.  119.  10.  185 
una  5,  18.  14.243 
uncia  11,  131 
UDciolam  1,  40 
unco  10,  66 
UDctaroqueS,  113 
unctis  3,  262 
uncum  13.  245 
UDda  3,  244 
uad414.289 
undas3.  19 
uodel,  150.  2,40  127.  3, 


2d9.  6,  286.  7,  76  188. 

9,8.  10.106.14,56  207 
undis  12,  31 
uodique  3,  247.  5,  81.  8, 

19.  9.  131 
unguem  10,  53 
UDguenta  6,  303.   9,  128. 

11,122.14,204.15,50 
ungues  7,  232 
unguesque  5,  41 
unguibus  8,  130.  13,170 
ungula  7, 181 
uui  6,  206.  7,  38 
unica  8,  20.  10.  364 
unicus  8,  111.  9,  64 
unius2,  80.  3.231.6,621 
uno  6,  54.  7,  167.  9.  133. 

11,53.  13,173  243.  14, 

66 
unuro  3,  225.  4,  128.  10, 

29.  12,68.  14,141 
unusl. 24.2,163. 6.53218. 

8.  214  twice.    10.    168. 

14.  33  66  168.  15,  79 
vocale  7p  19 
vocalis  13. 32 
vocamus  8,  32 
vocandus  4, 1 
vocant  3.  316 

vocantem  13,  107.  15.  135 
vocantur  4,  72.  11,  176 
Tocari  1 .  99 
vocarit  1 4,  277 
vocat  3,  239.  6,  137 
vocato  14,21 
Yocatus  5.  63 
voce  2,  111.  4,32.  6.530. 

10.198.  11,180.  1S.7T 
vocem  3.  90.   6.  380.    7. 

82.  8,185.  13,  114  205 
voces  7,  44 
vocibus  11. 172 
vocis  7,  1 19.  8.  227 
volabant  8,  251 
volantem  1 .  54 
volanti  5.  121 
volat  10.  232 
volens  12.  38 
volenti  13.  169.  16.  13 
voles  6.  647.  8.  134 
Vole80s8.  182 
volet  6.  397.  7.  197  198. 

13.92.  14.  185 
volo  3.  44.  6.  223 
Volscorum  8.  245 
Volsiniis  3.  191 
volvas  15,  30 
volucrem  8.  67.  10,  43 
volucres  11,  139.  13.  167 
volucri  8,  146 
volveris  10,  126 
volvente  13,  88 


624 


VERBAL  INDEX  TO  JUVENAL. 


volnere  7,  209 
voloit  3,  40.  4,  69 
volvit6,496.  14,299 
volvitque  6,  452 
Yolyitur  3,  55 
volumine  14, 102 
voluntas  6,  223.  13,  208 
▼oJunt3,  113.  7«  157.  10, 

97 
Yoluptas  1,  85.  6, 179  254 

368.    10,  210.   11,  120 

166.  13.  190 
volupUtem  14,  256.  15,90 
voluptates  11,208 
Volusi  15,  1 

yoluta,  imperatiffe,  1,  168 
vomer  3,  31 1 
vomere  15,  167 
vomicae  13,  95 
vomit  6,  432 
vorabit  1,  135 
voitice  13,  70 
vorticibus  6,  524 
vota  10,  23  111  284.  14, 

250 
votaque  I,  133.  6,602 
votique  10,  6 
votis  14,  298 
votiva  12,  27 
voto  6,  60 

votonim  5,  18.  10,  291 
votum  I,  85.   9,  147.  14, 

125 
votumque  3, 276 
voveasque  10,  354 
vovebit  12,115 
vox  6, 197  318.  9,  78.  10, 

274.   11,  111.  14,63 
urbaoi  13,  111 
urbe2.  162.  3,  22  235.  11, 

55.  16,  25 
urbcm   1,  HI.  2,  167.  3. 

61   193.  6,  398.  7,  83 

162.    8,    118  250.    10, 

171.  11,  112  198 
urbes6,  411.  10,284 
urbi4,77  151.  6,290.  10, 

341 
urbibus  10,  34.    11,   101. 

15,  104 
Urbicu8  6.  71 
urbis  1,  31.  2,  126.   3,  9 

214.  6.  84.  8,  200.  10, 

285.  13,  157 
urceoH3,203.  10,64 
urgeat  1,  59 
urgcbant  13,  48 
urgente  6,  593 


urgentibus  12,  53 

urgentur  6,  425 

ur^et  13,  220 

urioa  U,  168 

uriQam  6,  313 

urit  6, 260 

uritur  14,  22 

uroa6,  426.  7,208.  13,4. 

15,25 
uroslO,  242.  12,44 
uroamque  1,  164 
urnas  7,  236 
Ursidio  6,  38  42 
ureis  15,  164 
linos  4,  99 
urtica  2,  128 
urtica*  11,  166 
usi  15,  93 
usquam  8,   122.    12,   103. 

14,  43 
usqne  10,  I  201  291.  13, 

158.  15,  82 
usque  adeo  3,  84.  5,  129. 

6,  182 
usu  13,  18 
usuram  9,  7 

USU8  4,  139.  11,118  208 
ut  6,  197.  7,  124  187.  9, 

147 
^^tfir  quamvis,  9,  70  twict 

103.  10,  240.  13,  100 
utfor  Btatim  atque  4,  63 
ulque  4,  60.  6,  87 
utcumque  10,  271 
utere  1,  149 
uteris  6,  196 
utero  10,  309 
uterum  6,  599 
uterque  10,  1 18.  15,  37 
utile  3,  48.  6.  240  359.  7, 

96  135.  9,  27  124.  10, 

348 
utilior  4,  84 

utilis6,210.  14,7172 
utiliuro  12,  52 
utimur  8,  184 
utinam  4,  150.  6,  335638 
utitur  5,  170 
utres  15, 20 

utrimque  6,  582.  15,  36 
utroque  2,  50 
utrumque9,  19.  10,  118 
uva2,  81.  13,68 
uvaque  2,  81 
uva?  11,  72 
uvam  5,  31 
Vulcani  1,  9 
Vulcaniaque  8,  270 


Vnlcano  10, 192 
Vulcanus  13.  45 
vttlgi  3,  36  260.  7,  85.  8. 

44.    10.  51   89.    11,  3. 

15,29 
vulgo  13,  35.  15,  36 
vulgus  2,  74.  15,  126 
vuloera  5,  27.  6,  247 
vuloere3,  150.  8,210.  10, 

112.  13.  12.  15,54  156 
vulDeribQS  2,  7a  14,  164 
vulnas8,  98.  15,34 
vult  3,  53.  6,  465.  10,  338. 

14,  176  177.  15,  141 
Yultu2,  17.4,  104.6,418. 

9.3.10.189.  14,52  285 
vultuque  14,  110 
vultum  3,  105.  6,  467.  7, 

238.    8,  205.    10,   191 

234.  11,187.   15,170 
vulturaque  10,300 
vullur  14,77 
vulturibas4,  111 
vulturis  13,  51.  14,  79 
viiltus9,  12.  10,  68 
vult{isll,154.  13,77 
vultos,  plural,  8,  2 
vultus,  aceusati9€plurml,  15, 

56 
vulva  11,  81 
vulvae  6,  129 
vulvam  2,  32 
uxor  1,  122.  5,  140.  6,  5 

45  116  143  211267  348 

535  617.  9,  72,  10,  272 

330353.  11,185.13*43. 

14,  168 
uxorero  1,  22.  3,  94.  6,  28 

76  166.  14,  331 
uxori  1,56.  10,201 
uxoria  6,  206 
uxoris  5,  148.  10,  352 


X. 

Xerampelinas  6, 519 


Z. 

Zaiates  2.  164 
zelotyps  6,  278 
zelotypo  5,  45 
zelotypus  8,  197 
Zenonis  15,  107 
;»^  m)  ^^»xi^  6,  195 
zooam  14,297 


VERBAL  INDEX 


TO 


PERSIUS'S    SATIRES. 


F.  denotea  the  Prologue. 


A. 

Abaco  1,  131 
ablatura  1,  100 
abrodens5,  163 
ac  1,  10  35 
accedam  5, 173 
accedas  1,  6 
accedat  6,  67 
accede  6,  55 
Acct  1.50  76 
accipio  5,  87 
acerra  2,  5 
acervi  6,  80 
aceti  4,  32 
aceto  5,  86 
acre  4,  34.  5,  127 
acri  2,   13.    3,  23. 

5,14 
actus  5, 99 
ad  sacra  P.  7 
ad  morem  3,  31 
ad  populum  pbale- 

ras  3,  30 
adde  6,  58 
addita  1,  92 
adductis  3,  47 
adeu  6,  14  51 
adhuc  3,  58 
admissus  1,  117 
admoveain  2,  75 
adniovit  6|  1 
adsit  3,  7 
adsonat  1,  102 
advehe  5,  134 
adverse  1 ,  44 
aduDca  4,  40 
sdes  2.  36 
sedilis  1,  130 
iEgxura  5,  142 
sgris  3,  88 
»gro  5,  129 
argroli  3,  83 


aenot  2,  66 
cquali  5,  47 
aera2,  59.  3,39 
arumnis  1 ,  78 
srumnosique  3,  79 
affero  P.  7 
afferre  1,  69 
afflate  1,  123 
again  5,  134 
agaao  5,  76 
age  2,  17  42.  6,52 
agedum  2, 22 
agendo  5,  97 
ager  6,  52 
agis  3,  5.  5,  154 
agitare  6,  5 
agitet  5,  129 
agnum  5,  167 
ah  1,8 
ais  1.2.4,27 
ait  1,  40  85.  3,  7. 

5,  163 
albal,  110.  5,183 
albas  1,  59 
albau  2,  40 
albo  3,  98 
albus  1,  16.  3,  115. 
alea  5,  57 
algente  3,  1 1 1 
alges3,  115 
alia  3,  36 
alienis  1,  22 
aliquem  1,  129 
aliquid    1,    125.   3. 

60.  5.  137.  6.  32 

64 
aliquis  1,  32.    3,  8 

77 
aliud  4,  19.  5,  68 
alius  5,  83.  6,  18 
all}  5.  188 
alter  1,27.  6,  76 
altera  5,  67.  6,  26 


altemus  5, 155  156 
alto  3, 33  103. 5,  95 
aroarum  4,  48 
ambages  3,  20 
ambiguum  5,  34 
ambitio  5,  177 
ambo  5,  43 
amborum  5,  45 
amens  3,  20 
amice  5,  23 
amicis  3,  47.  5,  109 
amico  1,  116 
amicus  6,  28 
amitis  6,  63 
amo  1 ,  55 
amomis  3,  104 
amplexa  5,  182 
ancipiti  5,  156 
ancipitis  4,  1 1 
angues  1,113 
angulus  6,  13 
angusts  3,  50 
aoeustas3,  2 
anhelanti  5,  10 
anhelet  1,  14 
animas  1,  14.  2,61. 

5,23 
aoimam  6,  75 
animo,  ablat,  2,  73 
animo,  dat.  5,  65 
animus  4,  7.  5,  39 
anne  3, 39 
aono8  2,  2.  5,  36  69 
annuere  2,  43 
anseris  6,  71 
Aoticyras  4, 16 
Antiopa  1,78 
aotitheiis  1,86 
anus  4,  19 
Apennioo  1,  95 
aperto  2,  7 
appooit  2,  2 
apposita  5, 38 


Appula  1,60 
apnci  5,  179 
aptas  5,  140 
aptaveris  5,  95 
aptior  2,  20  tioic4 
aptius  1,  45  46 
aqualiculus  1,  57 
arat  4,  26 
arator  5,  102 
aratra  1 ,  75 
aratro  4, 41 
Arcadise  3,  9 
arcana  5,  29 
arcaoaque  4,  35 
Arcesilaa  3,  79 
arcessil  2,  45 
arcessor  5,  172 
arctos  5, 170 
arcum  3,  60 
Areti  1,  130 
argenti  2,  11  52 
argento  3, 69 
aris  6,  44 
arista8  3,  115 
arma  1,  96.  6,  45 
arripit  5, 159 
ars  5,  105 
articulos  5, 59 
artifex  P.  11 
artiBcemque  5,  40 
artifices  1,  71 
artis  P.  10 
artocreasque  6,  50 
arundo  3,  1 1 
asini  1,  121 
asper  3, 69 
aspexi  1, 10 
aspice  1,  125 
assem  1,  88 
asaensere  1,  36 
assidue  3,  I 
assi^uo  4, 18 
asfligna  5,  81 


626 


VERBAL  INDEX 


ast  2,  39.  6,  27  74 
astringas  5,  110 
aatnim  5,  51 
astatam  5,  117 
attiDge  3,  108 
attamea  2,  48.    5, 

159 
AttU  1,93  105 
avaiitia  5.  182 
audaci  1,  123 
aude  6»  49 
audi  6,  42 
audiat  2,  8 
andiet  5,  137 
andire  1»  84 
andiret  3,  47 
aadis  1,  125 
avia  2,  31.  6,  55 
avias  5,  92 
avidos  5,  150 
avis  1,  46 
auratis  3,  40 
aarea  2.  58 
aure  1,  126.6,  70 
aurem  2,  21.  5,  86 

96 
aures  4,  50.  5,  63 
auriculas  1 .  59  108 

121.  2,  30 
auriculis  1,  22  23 
auro  2,  53  55.  4, 44. 

5,106 
aunira  2, 59  69 
ansim  5,  26 
Anster  6,  12 
aut  5,  88  twice,  6, 16 
avunculus  6,  60 
axe  5,  72 


B. 

Baccam  2,  66 
balanatuiD  4,  37 
balb&  1 .  33 
baloea  5,  126 
balteus  4,  44 
barba  2,  58 
barbam  1,  133.  2, 

28 
barbatum  4,  1 
baro  5,  138 
Bassaris  1,  101 
Basse  6,  1 
Bathylli  5,  123 
Baucis  4,  21 
beatulus  3,  103 
belle  1,  49  twice 
bellum  1 ,  87  twice 
benk  1,111.  4,22 

30 


Berec  jntius  1 ,  93 
Bestius  6,  37 
beta  3, 114 
bibulas  4,  50 
bidpiti  P.  2 
bicolor3,  10 
bidental  2,  27 
bile  2,  14.  4.  6 
bilis  3,  8.  5,  144 
bis  terque  2,  16 
blandi  5,  32 
blaodo  4,  15 
bombisl,99 
bona  2,  5  8  63.  6, 

2137 
bone  2,  22.    3,  94. 

6,43 
boni  4,  17 
bove  2,  44 
boves  1,  74 
Bovillas  6, 55 
bracatis  3, 53 
brevis  5, 121 
Brisai  1,  76 
bnima  6,  1 
Bruttia  6,  27 
Bnito  5,  85 
buccas  5,  13 
bullaque  5,  31 
bulUtis  5,  19 
buUit  3,  34 
buxum  3,  51 


C. 

Caballino  P.  1 
cachinno  1,  12 
cachinnos  3,  87 
cadat  5,  91 
cadunt  3,  102 
cseco  1,  62 
ciecum  4,  44 
csdimus  4,  42 
csdit  1,106 
cslestium  2,  61 
cepe  4,  31 
caerulea  6,  33 
csruIeuiD  1,  94 
Cttsare  6,  43 
caeso  2,  44 
Cesonia  6,  47 
Calabrum  2,  65 
calamoS,  12  19 
calcaverit  2,  38 
calces  3,  105 
calet  3,  108 
calice  6,  20 
calidflB  4,  7 
caUdo  5,  144 
calidum  1,  53 


calidumque  3,  100 
callem  3,  67 
calles  4,  55.  105 
callidior  3,  51 
calUdua  1,  118.  5, 

14 
Callirfaoeo  1,  134 
caloni  5,  95 
calve  1,  56 
camelo  5,  136 
Camena  5,  21 
camino  5,  10 
campo  5,  57 
campos  2,  36 
candels  3,  103 
Candidas,  110 
candtdus  2,  2.  4,  20. 

5,33 
canicula  3,  5  49 
canina  1,  109 
canis  1,  60.   5,  65 

159 
canitiem  1,  9 
caonabe  5, 146 
cano  1,  83 
cantare  P.  14 
cantas  1,  89 
cantaverit  4, 22 
cantet  1,  88 
canthum  5,  71 
canto  5,  166 
capillU  3,  10 
capite  3,  8  106.  5, 

18 
capiti  1,  83 
Cappadocas  6,  77 
capn6cus 1,  25 
captis  6,  46 
caput  1,  100.  2,  16. 

3,  58.  5,  188 
carisque  3,  70 
carbone  5,  108 
caret  culp&  3,  33 
carmen  P.  7. 
carmina   1,   20    43 

63.  5,2 
carminis  5,  5 
carpamus  3,  151 
casise  6,  36 
casiam  2,  64 
casses  5,  170 
castiges  1,  7 
castoreum  5,  135 
catasta  6,  77 
catenae  5,  160 
catino  3,  111 
catinuro  5,  182 
Catonis  3,  45 
Cauda  5,  183 
caudam  4, 15 
caules  6,  69 


caiuas3»66 
cautns  4,  49.  5, 24 
c6do,y«r  da,  2, 75 
cedro  1,  42 
celsa  1,  17 
censen  5,  168 
oensoremqiie  3, 29 
centenas  5, 26 
centeno  5,  6 
centum  1,29.   5, 1 

2  twice  191.6,48 
centnriones  5»  189 
centurion  um  3,  77 
centusse  5.  191 
ceraso  6,  36 
cerdo  4,  51 
certd  5,  51 
ceito  5,  45  100 
certum  5,  65 
cervice  1,98 
cervices  3,  41 
cespite  6, 31 
cessas  5,  127 
cesses  4,  33 
cessit  5,  30 
cetera  5,  122 
ceves  1 ,  87 
Chsrestratus  5, 162 
Xtu^i  P.  8. 
charts  3,  11 
chartis  5,  62 
chiragra  5,  58 
chlamydes  6,  46 
chordae  6,  2 
Chrytidis  5,  165 
Chrysippe  6,  80 
cicer  5,  177 
ciconia  1,  58 
cicuts  4,  2.  5,  145 
cinere  6, 41 
dnis  1,36.   5,  152. 

6,45 
cinnama  6,  35 
cippus  1 ,  37 
circum,    preposition, 

1,32  117 
drraionim  1,  29 
citius  5,  95 
dt5  5,  161 
citreis  1,  53 
dfes  6,  9 
dadem  6,  44 
clam  1,  119 
clamet  2,  22  23 
clare  2,  8.  6,  51 
clarum  3,  1 
claudere  1 ,  93 
clauso5,  11 
Cleantheft  5, 64 
dieniis  3,  75 
clivumque  6,  56 


TO  PERSinS. 


5IS7 


Coa  5, 135 
Gocta  3,  22 
coctum  1,  97 
coeoa  5,  147 
coeoam  6,  38 
ccenaoda  5,  9 
cceoare  6,  16 
cognoflcere  6,  9 
coeDoscite  3,  66 
colligis  I «  22.  5, 85 
coUo  3,  50 
colluerit  1,  18 
comitem  1 ,  54 
comites  5,  32 
comitum  3,  7 
committere  2,  4 
commota  4,  6 
compage  3,  58 
compescere  5, 100 
com  pita  4»  28.  5,  35 
coinpositas3, 91 
compoeitain  2,  73 
compositus  3,  104 
coDari  P.  9 
cognati8  5t  164 
concessit  5,  119 
concbie  2,  66 
Concordia  5f  49 
coodidit  6,  29 
C0Dditur2,  14 
connives  6,  50 
consentire  5.  46 
consumere  5,  41 
consumsimus  5,  68 
contemnere  3,21 
contentus  5,  139 
continet  5,  98 
continuo  5,  190 
contra  5,  96 
convivae  1 ,  38 
coquatur  6,  69 
coquit  3, 6 
coquitur  5,  10 
cor  1,78.  2,54.  3, 

111.  6,10 
corbes  1,71 
cornea  l»  47 
comicaris  5,  12 
comua  1 ,  99 
Cornute  5,  23  37 
corpora  5, 187 
corpuique  2,41 
cormpto  2,  64 
cortice  1,  96 
corvos  P.  13.  3, 61 
corymbis  1,  101 
C08U6,  31 
costam  1,95 
cozit  2,  65 
eras  5,  66  twie§  68 

ttpiee 
craiaa2,  42 


Crassi  2»  36 
craasisque  3,  104 
crasao  6,  40 
crassos  5,  60 
crassum  5,  190 
crassus  3,  12 
crateras  2,  52 
Cratero  3,  65 
Cratino  1,123 
credam  4, 47 
credasP.  14.5,161 
crede  4,  1 
credens  I,  129 
credere  5,  80 
crepet2, 11.  5,25 
crepidas  1,  127 
crepuere  3,  101 
cretA  5,  108 
cretata5,  177 
cribro3, 112 
crimina  1,  85 
crispante  3,  87 
Crispini  5, 126 
crodli  1,  51 
cnidis  1,  92 
cnido  2, 67 
crudum  5,  162 
crura  4,  42 
cubito  4,  34 
cuinam  2,  19 
cuique  5, 63 
cuivis  2, 6 
CQJus  4,  25 
culp&  3,  33 
colpam  5,  16 
cultor  5,  63 
cultrixque  3,  26 
camini  5,  55 
cunis  2,  31 
cur  3,  16  85.  5,  89. 

6,61 
curas,  noun,  1 ,  1 
curata  4,  18 
cures  2, 18 
Curibus  4, 26 
euro  3,  78 
curras  5,  72 
currere  3, 91 
curta  4,  52 
eurtaveris  6,  34 
eurto  5,  191 
curva  4,  12 
curte  2,  61 
curvos  3,  52 
curvus  6,  16 
custos  5,  30 
cuticula  4,  18 
cutis  3,  63 
Cynico  1,  133 

D. 
Da  2,  45  46.  4,  45 


dabit  6,  35 
dabitur  2,  50 
Dama  5, 76  79 
damnosa  3,  49 
damns  2,  71.  5,22 
dant  6,  8 

dare2,  71.  5,20  93 
dat  1,68 
datum  5,  124 
datus  3,  68 
Dave  5.  161  168 
de  1.33  55  109.  3, 

77  84  92.  6,  92. 

6,  30  31 
deque  6,  55 
debilis  5,  99 
deceat3,  27  71  114 
decanter  1,  84 
deceptus  2,  50 
decerpere  5,  42 
decies  6, 79 
decipe  4,  45 
decoctius  1, 125 
decoquil  5,  57 
decor  1,  92 
decorus  4,  14 
decursu  6,  61 
decussa  3,  112 
dedectts  1,81. 5,163 
dederam  5,  118 
dedit  5,  105 
deest  6,  64 
defecerit  3,  76 
defensis  3,  74 
defer  5,  126 
defigere  5,  16 
Dei, /or  Dii,  6,  30 
delude  4,  8.  5,  143 
delphin  1,  94 
delumbe  1,  104 
demeritts  3,  34 
deroorsos  1,  106 
demum  1,64 
denique  1,  52 
dentalia  1,  73 
dente  6,  21 
dentes  3,  101 
Deorum  2,  29 
Decs  5,  187 
depellentibns  5, 167 
deposcere  5,  26 
deprendere  3,  52 
depunge  6,  79 
deradere  4,  29 
descendere  4,  23 
definis  4,  16 
despuat  4,  35 
despumarc  3, 3 
destertuit  6, 10 
deterius  3, 96.  4, 21 
detonsa  3,  54 
detonius  4,  38 


deanoe9'5, 150 
Deus  3,  71.  6,  62 
dexter  3,  48 
dextram  3,  107 
dextro2,  lU  3,57. 

5,  114 
dial,81 

die  2, 22.  4.3.6,51 
dicam  1,56.  6,58 
dieas  1,23.3,9.5, 

17  158  171 
dicat  3,  42  78.  4, 46 
dicenda  4,  5 
dieere  1,  8  44  68 

128.  4,  2 
dicier  1,28 
dicisque  3,  117 
dicit  3, 90 
dicite  1,55.  2,69 
dicta  6, 66 
dictarunt  1 ,  52 
diclaU  1,29 
dictaturam  1 ,  74 
didicisse  1 ,  24 
didicit  1,  93 
diducit  5, 35 
diduxit  3,  56 
diem  2, 1.  4,  15.  6, 

67 
dies  3. 15.  5, 46  60 

180 
digito  1,28.  2,  33. 

5,  138 
digitum  5, 1 19 
digoa  1,  42 
dignoicere  5, 24  105 
diluis  5.  100 
dilutas  3,  14  ' 
Dinomaches  4,  20 
dira  3,  36.  4,  2 
dirigat  1,  66 
dirigis  3,  60 
dirimebat  1 ,  94 
Dts  2.  63.  4.  27.  5, 

167.  6.  48 
di8ce3,73.  5,91 
discedo  1 , 1 14 
discere  3,  46 
discernis  4,  1 1 
discincti  3,  31 
discincto  4,  22 
discite  3, 66 
discolor  5.  52 
discrepet  6,  18 
discuutur  2,  25 
dispouimus  5,  43 
disposits  5,  181 
dissolvit  2,  64 
dissutis  3, 59 
ditescant  6,  15 
diversum  5,  154 
dives  4,  26 


620 


VERBAL  INDEX 


dividit  6,  49 
divis  2,  4 

difain  2,  3  L  3,  36 
dixerisS,  113  189 
dixit  5.  81 
do  M34 
docet  3,  53 
doctfts  1,  86 
doctores  6,  38 
doctus  5,  16 
docuit  P.  9 
dolores5,  161 
dolosi  P.  12 
domini  5,  130 
dominos  5,  156 
doroinuiD  5,  125 
dominus  5,  78 
doino  3,  92 
domum  1 ,  75 
domusque  2,  25 
doDa  2,  53 
donant  5,  82 
dooare  i,  54 
donas  5,  67 
donata  5,  31 
donats  2,  70 
donaveris  4,  50 
donee  2,  50 
dubites  5,  45 
ducentis  5,  4 
ducere2.  63.  5,83 
daci,  verbt  5,  46 
ducis,  verb,  S,  28 
ducis,  noun,  6,  48 
ducit  S,  40  176 
dndum  3,  6 
dulcia  5,  161 
dulcis  5.  23  109 
dufQ4,21.  5, 10  92 

165 
duo  1,  3 
duonim  5,  49 
duos  1,  113 
dopHca  6,  78 
duplici  5,  154 
durum  3,  1 12 

£. 

Emanibus  1,38.3, 

101 
e  tumulo  1,  39 
e  sitiente  camelo  5, 

136 
ebenum  5,  135 
ebria  1,  51 
ebrius  5,  166 
ebullit  2,  10 
ecce  1,30  69.2,31. 

5,68 
echo  1, 102 
ecquid  3,  65 


edictum  1, 134 
effluis  3,  20 
effundat  I,  65 
egerit  5,  09 
egit  5,  131 
6^1,45.5,26124. 

6,  12  22  62 
egregie  6,  49 
egregios  6,  6 
egregium  4, 46 
ehea  5,  137 
eia  5,  132 
elargiri  3,  71 
elegidia  1 ,  51 
elevet  1,  6 
eliquat  1,35 
elixasque  4,  40 
emaci  2,  3 
emeris  2,  30 
emeruit  5,  74 
emole  6,  26 
emta  6,  20 
en  1,26. 3,5.  5,154 
enarrabile  5,  29 
enim  1,  47  63.   5, 

63 
Ennl  6,  10 
ensis  3»  40 
epulis  3,  98.  5,  42 
equidem  1,  110.  5, 

19  45 
erat  3,  49.  5,  93 
Rrgennaque  2, 26 
eris  6,  42 
erit  1,4.  5,  69 
eritis  1,  111 
error  5,  34 
escas  1 ,  22 
essedaque  6,  47 
etenim  1,  111 
etsi  6,  14 
euge  1,  49  75  HI. 

5,  167 
Evion  1.  102 
evitanda  5,  107 
evitandumque  2,  27 
Eupolidem  1,  124 
ex  ad  verso  1,44 
ex  huroero  1 ,  90 
ex  tempore  3,  62 
examen  5,  101 
examenque  1,  6 
excepto  5, 90 
exclamet  5,  103 
excussit  3,  115 
excusso  1.  118 
excute  1,49.  6,  75 
excutias2,  54 
excutienda  5,  22 
excutit3,  101 
excutitur  6,  45 
exemit  2,  32 


exhalante  3, 99 
exbakt  6, 148 
exieras  5, 174 
exierit  1,25 
exime  6,  67 
exis  5,  130 
exit  1,45  46.  5,78. 

6.60 
exoptas  2,  44 
exossatus  6,  52 
expecta  4,  19 
expedivit  P.  8 
expert  6,  139 
expiat  2,  34 
exporrecto  3,  8*2 
expungam  2,  13 
exsere  5,  119 
exspes  2,  50 
exstat  4, 38 
exstet  1 ,  57 
exsultat  1,89 
exsuperat  3,  82 
extendit3,2105.  5, 

38 
extincta  5,  166 
extinxerit  5,  145 
extis  2.  48.  6,  71 
extra  1,7  113 
extremumque  1 .  48 
extrinseciks  5,  128 

Fabula  5,  3  152 
face  3. 116.  5,166 
facere  5,  97 
faciaml,12.  5, 172 
facies,  noun,  2,  56 
faciuus  1,  10 
facis  4,  48 
facisque  3,  117 
facit  2.  69.  5,  76 
fcecem  4,  32 
fagi  5,  59 
Falernum  3,  3 
fallere  5,  37 
fallier  3,  50 
fallit  4.  12 
faroa  2,  8 
far  3,  25.  5,  74 
farina  3,  112 
fariDs  5,  115 
farragine  5,  77 
farrata  4, 31 
farro  2, 76 
fas  1 ,  8  twice.  3, 69. 

5,98 
fas  est  1,61.  6,25 
fasque  2,  73 
fata  5,  49 
fauces  3,  1 13 
lauciboBS,  89 


favi]lal,39 
faxit  1,  112 
fed  1,44.  6,78 
fecisse  4, 7 
felix  1,37 
feneris  6, 67 
fenestra  5,  180 
fenestras  3,  1 
feram,  verb,  2,  53 
ferat3,62 
fermentum  1 ,  24 
ferret  3,  48 
fert  animus  4,  7 
ferrum  5,  4 
ferto  2, 48 
ferveat  1,126 
fervebit  5,  9 
fervent!  3,  37 
ferventis  2,  67 
fervescit  3, 1 16 
fervet  4,  6 
ferus5,  171 
fest&  6,  69 
festuca  5,  175 
fetum  2,46 
fiat  2,  38 
fibra  1,47.2,45.5, 

183 
fibris  2,  26.  3,  32 
fictile  2, 60 
fidele2,  41 
fidelia  3,  22  73.  5, 

183 
fidelibut  5.  48 
fides,  tMmn,  2,  8 
fierent  1,  103 
fies  5,  152 
fiet  5. 66  ttciee 
figas  4.  33 
figentes  3,  80 
figit  4,  28 
figura  6,  73 
figures  1,  86 
fifius  6,  59 
filix  4,  41 
finditur  3,  9 
fine  3,  24 
finem  5,  65 
finemque  1,  48 
fingendus  3,  24 
finire  5,  161 
finitor  6,  80 
fissft  6,  70 
fistula  3,  14 
fit  6.  38 
fixi  5.  27 
fixum  5,  111 
Flaccus  1,  116 
fiagellas4,49 
flagello,  nomn,  3,  51 
fiammas  2,  47 
flexura  I,  101 


TO  PERSIUS. 


520 


flezus  3,  68 
FloraliaS.  178 
fluere  1«  64 
flumioe  2,  16 
foci  3,  26 
foco  6,  1 
focus  \,  72 
foedere  5,  45 
fcenisecs  6,  40 
fCBDO  1 ,  72 
foBDoris  6,  67 
foetum  2,  46 
follti5.  11 
foQte  P.  1 
forcipe  4,  40 
foreot  5, 107 
foreSf  noun,  5,  166 
forte  1,  45  108  125. 

3,  109 
fortuoare  2,  45 
fortunatAqae  1,  39 
fossor  5,  122 
fractA  1,89 
fractos  1,  18 
frangam  5, 165 
fraoge  6,  82 
frangirous  5,  50 
fratres  2,  56 
fregeritl,130.5,  59 
fregit  1,  115 
freius  4,  3 
frigeat  3,  109 
frigescant  1 ,  109 
frigidus  6,  45 
froDte  &,  1 16 
froDtem  5,  104 
frontemque  2,  32 
fruge  5,  64 
frustr^L  3,  63.  5,  71 
fueris  5,  1 15 
foge  6,  65 
fapiS,  153  160 
fuisse  1 ,  29 
falta  1,  78 
fulto  5,  146 
fume  5, 20 
fumosa  1,  72 
fumosum  6,  70 
funde  2,  3 
fundo,  noun,  2,  51 
funemque  5,  118 
funeris  6,  33 
fuDus  2,  10 
far  1,  85 

G. 

Gain  5,  186 
gannit  5,  96 
gauderel,  132.6,63 
gansapa  6,  46 


gautape  4,  37 
geraioft  4,  10 
gemioos  5,  49.  6, 18 
gerauerunt  3,  39 
generis  6,  60 
geoeroso  2.  74 
generum  2.  37 
genio  2,  3.  5,  151. 

6.  19 
geoioque  4,  27.    6, 

48 
geote  3, 77 
genuinum  1,  115 
Germaos  6, 44 
gestas  6«  49 
gestit  1,  127 
gigni  3,  83 
gigDimur  3,  67 
gluUo5,  112 
Glyconi  5,  9 
Gra:cel.70 
Graecos  5,  191 
Graionim  I,  127 
Graios  6,  38 
graoa  5,  55 
granaria  5,  110.  6, 

25 
graodel,  14.  5,  7 
grandes  1,68.  5,186 
grandi  3,  55 
grandia  3j,  ifi.  6,23 
grave  5, 1m 
gravem  5,  60 
gravis  3,  89 
gregibas  2,  46 
gargite  2,  15 
gurguliu  4,  38 
gustaveris  5, 188 
guttas  2,  54.  3,  14 
guttur  1,  17 
guttureS,  97.  5,6 

H. 

Habes  4,  44 

habet  1,50  121.  3, 

70.  5,  176 
habiu  4,  52 
hac  2,  63 
hoec  2, 64  65  &c. 
hsreat  5,  121 
haeres  2,  19 
halitus  3,  89 
haiDo  5,  154 
baud  2,  6.  3.  36  52 

1 14.  4,  19.  6.  58 
baud  mora  5,  171 
hebenum  5, 135 
heders  P.  6 
Helicone  5,  7 
Heliconidatqut  P.  4 

3 


helleborum  3, 63.  5, 

100 
hemioas  1,  130 
herba  6,  26 
Hercule  1,2.  2,  13 
beres  2,   12.  6,  33 

41  56 
herilis  5,  131 
heroas  1,  69 
Herodis  5,  180 
besterDi  3,  106 
hesternum  3,  59.  &, 

68 
heu  5,  75 
heus  2,  17.  3, 94 
hianda  5,  3 
hiantem  5,  176 
hibematque  6,  7 
hircosa  3,  77 
hoc  5,  82  &c. 
hoc  pacto  4, 43 
homiois  3,118 
hoinioum  1, 1.  5, 52 

98 
honesto  2,  74.  6,  5 
hoQore  1,  129 
bora  5,  48  153 
horoscope  6,  18 
horridalum  1,  54 
hortante5, 21 
hos2,  62 
hospes  2,  8 
hucdDe  3, 15 
humiDa  3,  72 
humero  1,  90 
hoineros  1,  32 
humilesque  2,  6 
humor  3, 12 
hunccioe  5,  155 
hyacinthioa  1 ,  32 
Uypsipylas  1,  34 

I.  J. 

I  4.  19.  5,  126 
j  aces  2,  27 
jacet  6,  29 
jactare  4,  15 
jactat  5,  175 
j  am  2,49  twice  50  &c. 
jam  dudum  3, 6 
^amjam  2,  50 
jamne  6,  2 
jampridem  3,  97 
jamque  6.  30 
Jane  1,  58 
idcirco  2,  28 
idem  5, 66 
ideo  6,  23 
idooea  5,  20 
jecore  1,  25.  5, 129 

Y 


igitarl,  98.  2,  21. 

4,  14.  6,  172.  6, 

48 
ignoras5, 125.  6,43 
ignoscite  1, 11 
igDotus  4,  34 
ignovisse  2,  24 
ilex  2,  24 
ilia  4,  43 
Iliade  1,  123 
Ilias  1,50 
illita  3,  53 
illud2,  55.4,9(t9tM 
ilium  3,  105 
imagines  P.  5 
imitari  1,  59 
mmejat  6,  73 
mmittere  2,  62 
mmurmurat  2,  9 
mo^2,  51 
mpallescere  5,  62 
mpellere2,  21 
mpellit  5,  128 
mpello  2,  13 
mpensiut  6»  68 
mperio  5,  158 
roplerunt  1 ,  99 
mprimit  1 ,  37 
raprobe  4,  47 
mprobum  1,  6 
mpulit  2,  69 
mpune  5,  32 
mpunitior  5.  130 
mus  3,  41  42 
nane  1,  1 
nanes  2,  61 
Dclusi  I,  13 
ncolumis  6,  37 
ncoctum  2,  74 
ncrepuit  5,  127 
ocrevit  3,  32 
ncurvasse  1,  91 
ncusaque  2,  52 
ncusaere  5,  187 
ode  1,  126.  5, 153 
ndomitum  3,  3 
nduco  6,  49 
nduit  1 ,  74 
ndulfce  5, 151 
ndulges  1,  41 
ndulget  5,  57 
nduto  3,  106 
nepte  5,  12 
neptus  5,  175 
nexpertum  3,  32 
ofami  2,  33 
nfelix  3,  43.  6,  13 
nflantes  5,  187 
nfodiam  1, 120 
nfundere  1.  79 
nfusa3,  13 


690 


VERBAL  INDEX 


ingwiinatl,  103.  S, 

87 
iDgemit  4,  30 
iDgemuere  5,  61 
ingentque  P.  10 
iDgeniunn  3,  37.4,4 
ingens  5, 190.  6,  7 
ingentesl.SO.  6,  30 
ingeotesque  6, 47 
ingeouo  5,  16 
ingere  5,  177 
iogeris  5,  6 
inguiDe  5,  4.  6.  72 
inguioibus  4,  38 
inhibere  2,  34 
iniquas  1, 130 
ionau  est  1,  25 
inodora  6,  35 
inopi  6.  32 
inops  6,  28 
ioquis  1,  55  112.  6, 

51 
inquit5.85132  133 

iosana  3,  5 
insane  5,  143 
iDscitia  5,  99 
inseris  5»  63 

instgnem  6,  44 

insomDis  3,  54 

iospice  3,  88  89 

instantique  5,  157 

instat  5,  133 

insulao  5,  9 

iotabeicantque  3, 38 

integer  5,  173 

intendis  5,  13 

intendisse  6,  4 

intendit  2,  49 

intepet  6,  7 

intima  1,21 

intortos  5, 38 

intrant  1,  21 

intrat  3,  2.  5,  128 

introrftum  2,  9 

intumuit  5,  145 

intus  1,   24  50.  3, 
30  42.  5, 129 

inventus  6, 80 

invideas  3.  73 

invigilat  3,  55 

jocos  6,  5 

lonio  6,  29 

Jove  2,  18.   5,  50 
114  139 

Jovemque  2,  43 

Jovis  2,  21 
ira3.116.  5,  91 
iratis  4,  27 

iratum  I,  124 
iratus3,  18.  6,34 
irriguo  5,  56 


irroraoi  6, 21 
ista  4,  41 
istas  3, 19 
iste  6,  71 
istuc  1,  81 
istud  3,  94 
ita  6.  38 
iiaest5,  81 
lulU  5,  54 
Italo  1. 129 
itane  3.  7 
iter  5,  34 
jubente  2,  26 
jubeo  5, 161 
jubet  6,  10 
^udex  2,  20 
judice  5«  80 
jugum  4,  28 
lunctura  1,  65  92. 

5.  14 
junicum  2,  47 
Jupiter  2,22  23  tti»ce 

29  40.  5.  137 
jura  5,  137 
jure  3,  48 
juret3,  118 
1U6  2.  73.  5,  176 
jussit  2,  67.  3,  72. 

5,89 
jussus  3,  90 
justum  4,  9  10 
javat  1,  112.  6,     6. 

5.24  62 
juvenci  3,  39 
juvenes  6,  5 
juvenesque  5,  64 
juvenum  5,  63 
juventus  3,  54  86 
juxU  6,  52 

L. 

Laoe  3,  25 
labefactent  4, 40 
labella  2.  32 
labello  3,  82 
labentes  2,  2 
Labeonem  1,  4 
laborat  5,  39 
laboro  2, 17 
labra  P.  1.  5.  184 
labrisl,  105.3, 102 
lacerae  6, 3 1 
lacema  1 ,  54 
lactibus  2,  30 
Isna  1 ,  32 
loesum  5,  148 
laetari  2,  54 
IsTO  2,  53 
laflrena  3, 92.  6,  17 
laTlare  3, 18 


lambont  P.  5 
lampada  6,  61 
lance  2,  71.  4, 10 
lapidosa  5,  58 
hpiUo  2,  1 
laquearibus  3,  40 
lare  5,  109 
large  5,  177 
largior  6,  51 
largire  6,  32 
largitor  P.  10 
laribus  5,  31 
latet  3,  113.  5,29 
Latinse  6,  4 
lato  4,  44 
latus  6,  7  76 
lavatur  3,  98 
laudanda  3,  46 
laodant  1,38 
laudare  1,  71 
laudari  1,  47 
laudatur  1,  87 
laurus  6,  43 
lautus  6,  23 
laxa  1,98 
lazamus  5,  44 
lazes  5,  1 10 
laxU  3,  102 
lazaroque  3,  58 
lectisl,52 
kctoSaiLQ4 
lector  flp6 
leg&rat0;66 
legendum  1,98 
legent  1,  17 
leget  I,  2 
legonto  5,  7 
lemure8  5,  185 
lenia  3,  93 
lentd  3,  99 
lethi  5,  153 
leve  1,  64 
iSvtor  1,  37 
Igvis  1,  82 
lex  5,  98 
libabit  2. 5 
libelle  1,  120 
liber  1,  13  76.   3. 

10.  5,  83  124 
liberior  5,  85 
liberque5,  114 
libertas  5,  82 
liberlate  5, 73 
libertis  6,  23 
Ubido  3,  36 
libra  5.  47 
librc  4,  1 1 
librat  1,86 
liceat  5,  89  97 
licet  4,  39.   5.  84 

twice  bl 


ficetar  5, 191 
Licini  2,  36 
lictor  1,71.5.175 
LigusS,  6 
limen  5,  165 
limina  1,  109 
limite  3,  57 
limo  3, 22 
limum  4,  29 
linea  3,  4 
lingua  2,  9 
linguie  1,60.5,25 
linguas  1,  81.  5, 2 
linquere  1,  43 
lippa  2,  72 
lippos  1 ,  79 
lippus  5,  77 
liqaescant  2/47 
liquido  1»  17 
ItUbis  5,  120 
liUbo  2,  75 
litera  1,  110.  3,56 
littore  6.  29 
littus  6,  8 
locat  6,  47 
locatos  es  3,  72 
locuplete  3,  74 
locus  1, 113 
locuturi  5,  7 
locutus  1,  33  42 
longa  5,  160 
longo  1,  05 
longos  5.  41 
loquendi  1 ,  80 
loqu^re  4,  8 
loquimur  5,  21 
loquor  5,  153 
loturo  3,  93 
lotus  5,  86 
lubrica  5,  135 
luce  6,  69 
lucemque  5,  60 
lucerne  5,  181 
luciferi  5,  103 
Lucilius  1,114 
lucis  2,  27 
lucro  6,  75 
luctaU  5,  159 
luctificabile  1,  78 
lucum  1,  70 
ludere  1,  127 
luditl,  117 
Ittditur  3,  20 
ludo  5,  16 
lumbi  4, 35 
lumbum  1,20 
lumine  3,  2  80 
Lunai  portum  6,  9 
Lupe  1,  115 
lusca  5,  186 
lusce  1, 128 


TO  PERSIUS. 


531 


«co  1, 128 

uisse  6,  6 

iftnlibos  2,  33 

uUtusS,  104 

atea  3.  95.  6,  46 
iato5.  111 
lotoque  3,  61 
lotQm  3,  23 
lux  5,  67 
lozum  1,67 
luxuriai,  142 
lynpha  3,  13 
lynoem  1,  101 
Ijra  6,  2 

M. 

Macram  2, 35 
Macrioe  2, 1 
msnaque  3,  76 
McDaa  1,  101  105 
MsoDides  6,  1 1 
magU  3,  39  40 
magtster  P.  10 
magistro  3,  46 
magistnim  4,  1 
magna  2,  71 
magnaDimus  6,  22 
magne  3,  35 
nagni  2,  72.  4, 3 
magDoa  3,  65 
ma^rnum  5, 66 
majestate  4,  8 
major  6,  60 
majore  3,  92 
majorom  1, 108 
male  4, 9 
maligoe  3,  21 
roalis  3,  59 
mamms  3, 18 
mando  2,  39 
mane  1,  134.  2,  16. 

B,  1.  5.  132  188 
manet,  noun,  5,  152 
manet  6,  54 
manibus   1,    38,  2, 

35.  3,  101 
Manius  6,  56  60 
mansiiescit  4,  41 
mantica  4,  24 
manut  1,  59.  3,  11. 

4.8 
manuaque  S,  108 
Marce  5,  81 
luaroeDtea  4, 36 
Marco  5,  79  80 
Marcos  5,  79  81 
mare  5, 146.  6,  7 
roarem  6,  4 
maris  6,  39 
Mara  3,  75 


mascula  5, 144 
massa  5,  10 
mass«2,  67 
Masurt  5»  90 
matertara  2,  31.  6, 

54 
mavis  4, 45 
roavuH  5,  56 
maxillis  4,  37 
medeodi5,  101 
medico  3,  90 
Media  3.  53 
meditaotes  3,  83  ' 
meditor  5,  162 
mejite  1,  114 
Melicerta5,  103 
meHor4,  16 
meliore  2,  1 
membraDa3,  10 
roembris  3,  115 
memini  P.  3.  3,  44. 

5,41 
meminisM  5, 179 
meroor  5,  153 
men  1,88  119 
meodax  5,  77 
mendose  5,  85 
mendoBum  5,  106 
mens  2,  8 
mensa  5, 44 
mensaimidK  17 
mentes  5,^|d 
mentis  2, 74 
mephites  3, 99 
mera  5,  82 
meraca8  4,  16 
mercare  6,  75 
mercede  2,  29 
merces  6,  67 
mercibus  5,  54 
Mercurialem  5,  112 
Mercnriumque  2,  44 
Mercurioa  6,  62 
mergis,  verb,  2,  15 
mergis,  tioun,  6»  30 
meruisse  1,  42 
roeniro  2,  3 
Messalae  2.  72 
messe  6,  25 
meases  3.  5 
metae  3,  68 
metas  1,  131 
metuam  1 ,  47 
metuas  3.  26.  6, 41 
metnens  2, 31.4,29 
metuentia  1 ,  43 
metuis  6,  26 
metus  5,  131 
mille  5,  52 
millesime  3,  28 
milvus  4,  26 


Miroalloneii  1,99 
ro'm  1 , 2 
minimum  2,  17 
minuas  6,  37 
minui  6,  16  64 
minutum  3,  17 
mirsB  1,  111 
mire  6, 3 
miscere  5,  122 
miser  3, 15  tme€  107 
miserabile  1,3 
miseri  3, 66 
miserisque  5,  65 
miasa  est  6,  43 
mittit  2,  36 
mittunt  2,  57 
mobile  1,  18 
mobilis  1, 59 
modesto  5,  149 
modice  3,  92 
mociico  5, 15 
modicum  3,  25 
modicas  5,  109 
modo  1 ,  44  69 
modus  3,  69 
rooesto  5,  3 
molleS,  23110 
molli  1 ,  63 
mollis  3,  68 
momento  5,  78 
rooDeat5,  143 
monitus  1,  79 
monstrari  1,  28 
monstravit  3,  57 
montes  3,  65 
monimenta  3,  75 
morantur  2,  43 
morbo  3,  64 
mordaci  1,  107.  5, 

86 
mordens  4,  30 
more  1,  19  ^ 

morem  3,  31 
mores  1,  26  67.  2, 

62.  3.  52. 4,  35. 

5,  15  38 
moretur  1,  77 
raorieotis  4,  32 
morituri  3,  45 
moror  1,111 
moiosa  6,  72 
mos5,  1 
moveare  5, 123 
moveat  1,88 
moverit  3,  37 
moves  5,  184 
mox  5,  108.  6,  5 
Mucil,  115 
multa  3,  73.  4,  49. 

6,8 
multum  1,132.3,46 


mnltumque  3,  86 
mundi  6,  76 
munera  4,  51 
muria  6,  20 
murice'^2,  65 
murmura3, 81 
murmure  5,  11 
murmorque  2,  6 
musa  1,  68 
muUt  2,  60.  5, 54 
mutire  1,  119 
MjTcenis  5, 17 

N. 

Namque  2,' 13 
nare  1,33  109 
naribus  1,  41 
nascentur  1,  40 
nascuntur  5,  130 
naso  1,  118.3,87. 

5,91.6,17 
nata  5. 46 
natalibus  6,  19 
natalitift  1,  16 
natat  1,  105.5, 183 
nates  4,  40 
Natts  3,  31 
natura  5,  101 
naturaque  5,  98 
navem  5,  141 
naafragus  1 .  88 
navim  5,  102 
nebulam  5,  181 
nebulas  5,  7 

necP.  12.  l,7&c. 
nectar  P.  14 

nefasl,119.5,  122 
negaris5,  157 
negas  5,  133 
negatas  P.  1 1 
negate  2, 39 
negliget  6,  34 
nemo  l,2(vi«f3.4, 

23  (trice 
oemon  3,  8 
nfcmpe  2.  70.  3,  1. 

5,67 
nepo8  6,  71 
neque  1,  19.  5,  10 

&c. 
nequeas  2,  4 
nequicquam  2,  51. 

4,  14  50 
Nerea  1,  94 
Neno2,  14 
nervis  2,41 
nervos  4,  45. 5, 12 
nescio5,  51 
nescio  quid  3,  8 

5,  12 


632 


VERBAL  INDEX 


netcire  6, 36 
nescit  3, 33 
neacias  5,  34  101 
neu  3.  51,  6,66 
nigra  3,  13 
nigri  5,  185 
nigruiD  4,  13 
nihUol,30.S»84 
nihilom   3,    84.   6, 

55 
nilne  1,  83 
nimU  1,  40 
mU5,  6 
Docte  1,  90 
noctem  2, 16 
noctes  5,  42 
Qocturnis  5,  62 
nodosaqu«3,  11 
nodam  5, 159 
oollem  3,  45 
nolo  1,  11 
nonne  1,  96 
HOD  queo  5,  133 
non  secus  ac  si  1 ,  66 
nonaria  1,  133 
nondum  3,  76 
noris  4,52.  5, 18 
nosse  6,  24 
nostin  4,  25 
nostra    P.  9.  5,  47 

178 
nostroe  5,  22  1 15 
nostro  1,  68.  5,  50. 

6.14 
nostros  2,  62 
nostrum  P.  7.5, 151. 

6,39 
notasti  5.  108 
novi  3,  30 
novimus  4,  43 
nox  3,  91 
nucibus  1,  10 
nugs  1, 5 
nugari  1,  70 
nugaris  1,  56.5, 169 
nugator  5, 127 
nugis  5,  19 
nulla  1.  58  122.  6, 

52  53  54 
nullo  5,  120 
nuro  6,  43 
Numce2,  59 
Dumera  2,  1 
numeris  1 ,  92.  6,  3 
numero  1,  64 
numeros  1,  13  131. 

5,  123 
nummiP.  12.5,149 
nummo  4,  47 
nummos  5,  80 
nummum  5, 1 1 1 


Dummus  2, 51. 3, 70 
nusquam  1,  119 
nutnd  2, 39 
natrieras  5, 150 


O. 

O  bone  2,  22.  6,  43 
o  curas  bom.  1 , 1 
o  curvae,  &c.  2,  61 
o  Jane  1,  58 
o  miser  3,  15 
o  miseri  3,  66 
o  mores  1,  26 
o  si  2, 9  10 
ob  6,  16  44  48 
obba  5,  148 
oberres  5,  156 
oberret  4,  26.  6,  32 
objnrgabere  5, 169 
obicoenum  5,  165 
obsequio  5,  156 
obstat  5, 141 
obstem  5,  163 
obstipo  capite  3,  80 
obstiteris  6, 157 
obm6,30 
occa  6,  26 
occipiti  1,62 
occurrite  1 ,  62. 3, 64 
ocello  1,  18 
ocius  2,  24.  3,    7. 

5.  141 
ocuU3,  117 
oculo  1,  66 
oculos  2,  34.  3,  44. 

5,33 
ocyma  4,  22 
oenophorum  5,  140 
offas  5,  5 
officia  5,  94 
officium  6,  27 
ohe  1,  24 
oletnm  1,  112 
oleum  6, 50 
olim  6,  71 
oli?o  2,  64. 3,  44 
olla4,  31.5,  8 
olus3,  112.6,20 
omenta  2,  47 
omento  6,  74 
omne  1,  116.  3,  6. 

6,76 
omnem  6,  28 
omnes  1,  111.  6,  14 
omnia  1,  110 
opem  2,  41 
operas  6,  9 
opertum  1,  121 
opifez  6,  3 


opimo  2, 48 
opimuro  3, 32 
oportet6, 155 
optare  6, 2 
optent  2»  37 
optet  1,  84 
opus  1,  67.  3,  65. 

5,43 
opos  est  5,  73 
ora  5,  2.  6,  6 
orbis  2,  20 
orca  3,  76 
ores  3,  50 
ordo  3,  67 
ore  3, 113.  5.  15 
Orestes  3,  118 
orti6,  15 
OS  1,42 
oscitat  3,  59 
ossa  1,37.  6,35 
ostendisse  5, 24 
orato  2,  55 
ovium  2,  26 
ovoque  5,  185 


P&cto4,  43 
PacuviuaquA  1,  77 
pafiiiiaJL20 
palsBatA  4, 39 
palate  1,35 
Palilia  1,  72 
palleat  4,  43 
pallentea  5,  15 
pallentis  5,  55 
palles  1,  124.  3,  85 

94  96.   4,  47.   5, 

80  184 
pallidamque  P.  4 
pallor  1,  26 
palrois  6,  39 
palpo5,  176 
palumbo  3,  16 
palustrem  5,  60 
paodere  4, 36 
paonosam  4,  32 
pannucea  4,  21 
papse  5.  79 
pappare  3,  17 
par  5,  6 
paratum  1,  90 
paratus  1,    132.    6, 

36 
Parca  5, 48 
par^re  5, 158 
paria  6,  48 
pariter  5,  43 
Parnasso  P.  2 
pars  2,  5.  5, 23  160 


parte  8.  72 
Paithi  5,  4. 
parmm  5,  120 
parvus  3, 44 
paanm  3, 61 
pasta  3, 55 
patella  3,  26.  4, 17 
pater  3,  35  47.  6, 

58 
patema  6,  66 
paterni  1,  103 
patemo  3, 24 
patioc  2,  42. 6,  21 
patranti  1,  18 
patrea  1 ,  79 
patriae  3,  70 
patnam5,  164 
palricic  6,  73 
patricius  1,  61 
patnielis  6, 58 
patnii  6,  54 
patruos  1,11 
patruus  2,  10 
patula  3, 6 
pavido  5,  30 
pauld  5,  115 
paii]am5, 69.  6,42 
paTone  6,  1 1 
pecca8  5, 119 
peccat  2,  68  twic9 
peccent  6,  36 
pecori  6,  13 
pectas  4, 37 
pectine  6.  2 
pectore2,53. 3.107. 

5,27  117  144 
pectus  2,  74.  3,  88 
pecuaria  3,  9 
pecunia3, 109 
pecus  2,  46.  3,  6 
pede  1,  13.  4,  12 
pedes  3,  108 
pedibas5.  18     « 
Pedio  1,  85 
Pedius  1,  85 
PegaseVam  P.  14 
pejoribus  6,  15 
pelle  4, 14 
pellem  5,  140 
pellere  1 ,  84 
pelliculam5, 116 
pellis  3,  95 
penates  2,  45 
pendas  1,  30 
pendeat  3,  12 
pendens  3,  40 
penem  4,  48 
penemque  4, 35 
penu  3,  74 
pepeudit  5,  31 
perages  5,  139 


TO  PERSIU8. 


peragit  6.  Oli 
percussa  3,  21 
percute  5,  166 
perdat  3,  33 
perditu9  1>  29 
perducis  2,  56 
pergant  5, 150 
perge  3,  97 
Pericli  4.  3 
pericula   1,    83.  5, 

186 
perisse5»  103 
perita  2,  34 
permisit  5,  33 
pennittere  5,  94 
pernse  3f  75 
peronatus  5,  102 
pertusa  4,  28 
pes  3,  62 
pessime  2,  46 
petis  5.  149 
petite  5,  64 
petulans  1,  133 
petulant!  1,  12 
pexusque  1,  15 
phaleras  3,  30 
Fhyllidas  1.  34 
picas  P.  13 
picasque  P.  9 
pice  5, 148 
pictce  5,  25 
pictum  I,  89 
pictus  6, 32 
piger  5,  132 
pilea  5,  82 
pilos  4,  5 
pinge  1,  113 
pingitur  6,  63 
pingue  3,  33 
piDguem  5,  181 
piDgues  2,  42.  6*  77 
pingui  1,  96,  2»  52 
pinguibus  3,  74 
pinguior  6,  14 
pinguis  1,  57 
pinsit  1,  58 
piper  3,  75.    5,  55 

136.  6.  21 
pipere  6,  39 
FHrenen  P.  4 
pituita  2,  57 
plantaria  4»  S9 
plasmate  I,  17 
plaudentibus  4,  31 
plausisse  6,  77 
plebecula  4,  6 
plebeift3,  114 
plebeiaque  5,  18 
plorabile  1,  34 
plorabit    1,    91.     6, 

168 


pluteam  1,  106 
pocola  1,  30 
poemata  1,  31 
poeUP.3.  1.75 
poetsB  1,  36  68 
poetas  P.  13 
poetrias  P.  13 
polenta  3,  55 
politus  5,  116 
pollice  5,  40.  6,  5 
Polydamas  1,  4 
ponatur  5,  3 
pondus  5,  20 
pone  3,  107 
ponere    1,    70.      5, 

53.  6,  23 
pontifices  2, 69 
Ponto  5,  134 
popa  6,  74 
popello  4f,  15.  6,  50 
populi  1,  42  63.   3, 

112.  4,1 
populo  1,  15.   4,  36 

50.  5,  178 
populum  1,  118.   3, 

30  86 
porci  1,72 
portam  3,  105 
portantes  5,  182 
portes  1,  90 
porticos  3*  54 
portum  6, 9 
poscas  2,  15 
poscat  5.  102 
poscentes  3,  64 
poscere  5,  I 
poscis  2,  3  41.    3, 

18.  6,61 
poBcit  1,  128 
podtifl  3,  10 
positum  est  3,  111 
posse  1,8a  3,  84 
possidet  5,  75 
pofisint  5,  178 
posais  5,  1 1 1 
posnt  2,  72 
post  1.134 
posterior  5,  72 
postibus  6,  45 
postics  1,  62 
postquaro  3,  90.    5, 

88.  6, 10  38 
posnisse  1 ,  86 
pote  1,  56 
potest,  46 
potior  2,  20 
potis  es  4,  13 
potius  3,  16 
prsbemns  4, 42 
prsbet  2,  28 
prsecedenti  4,  24 


prsBcipites  3,  42 
prsBcipui  3. 58 
preclamm  2,  10 
pnecordia  1,117.5, 

22 
prsMlia  4f  25 
praidictum  5.  188 
praefigere  4.  13 
prspgrandi  1,  124 
praelargus  1. 14 
pneparet  6, 12 
preponere  2,  18 
prsKtantior  6,  76 
praesto  6,  56 
praetegit  4,  45 
praeteritos  5, 162 
prsetore  5,  88 
praetoribus  5,  114 
praetoris  5,  93 
praBtrepidum  2,  54 
praetulerint  1,  5 
prandeat  3,  85 
prandia  1,  67  134. 

5,  18 
prece2, 3 
premis  5, 1 1 
premitur  5,  39 
prendit  6,  23 
preaso  5,  109 
prima  3,  76 
primas  5, 42 
primordia  6,  3 
primum  5,  30 
primus  5,  136 
prior  6,  61 
prius  5,  108 
pro  nihilo  1,  30 
probo,  noiin,  1,  19 
proceres  1,52 
procerum  2,  5 
Procnes  5,  8 
prodirem  P.  3 
producb  6,  19 
progenies  6,  57 
proh  2,  22 
prohibes  6,  51 
prolui  P.  1 
promittere  3.  65 
promptd  6, 58 
promptum  2,  6 
proneptis  6,  53 
propago  2,  72 
prope  4,  34.  5,  70. 

6,60 
propenso  1 ,  57 
properandus  3,  23 
propinquis  3,  70 
propria  6,  25 
protinus  1,  110 
protulerim  1,  89 
proxima  3, 43 


633 

proximus  2,  12 
prudentia  4,  4 
psittaco  P.  8 
pubis  6,  44 
publica5,98 
Publius  5,  74 
pudet  1,83.3,81 
puella3, 110 
puelle  2,  37 
puer5,126167169. 

6.22  69 
pueri  1, 113 
pueris  1,  79.  3,  17. 

4,31.5,  140 
puerisre  2,  20 
puerum  2,  32 
pulcrius  5,  179 
pulcrum  est  1 ,  28 
pulmentaria  3,  102 
pulmo  1, 14 
pulmone  2.  30.  5, 

92 
pulmonem  3,  27 
pu1p&  2,  63 
pulsa  5,  24 
pultes  6,  40 
pulvere  1.  131.  2, 

67 
puncto  5, 100 
punire  3,  35 
pupille  4, 3 
pupillum  2,  12 
puppsB  2,  70 
puppe  6,  30 
pura  5,  28 
purgas  2,  16 
purgatas  5,  63 
purgatissima  2,  57 
purpura  5,  30 
purpureas  3.  41 
purum  3.  25 
puta  4,  9 
putas  2,  24 
puteal  4, 49 
putet  3,  73 
putre3,  114 
putris  5, 58 
Pythagoreo6, 11 


Q. 

Qua  3,  68 

quccuroque  1,  10 
queque  3,  53.    5, 

107 
qusre  6. 57 
quasrere  6,  65 
querimus  5,  174 
querisne  1,  80 
quaeruQt  1,  30 


634 


V£RBAL  INDEX 


quanieiii  4,  35 
qusBtiverit  1,  7 
quam  5,  145  175 
quAm  2,  25.  3,  42. 

4,52 
quamvis  2,  40.  6, 

10  twice 
quando  1,  46 
quaodoque  4,  28 
quaotaque  5, 22 
quanta*  5,  5 
quantum   I,  i  60. 

3,  49  71.  4,  26. 

5,27 
quare  1,  3.  4,  38 
quarto  6,  78 
quartus  6,  57 
quasi  5,  66 
quatit  2,  35 
querela  1,91 
queritur  3,  12  14 
qut  5,  130 
qui  pote  1»  56 
quincunce  5,  149 
quinque  4,  30 
quinta  3,  4 
Quinti  1, 73 
Quintuse,  11 
quippe  1,  88 
Quintem  5,  75 
Quirites  3, 106.4,8 
quisquam  1,112.5, 

83 
quisque  5,  73 
quisquis  1 ,  44. 6, 42 
quo  1,24.3,60  62. 

5,  143  twiet 
quo  tretus  4,  3 
quo  pacto  2,  46 
quondam  6,  65 
quorsum  5,  5 
quorum  P.  5 
quos  5,  149 

R. 

Rabiosa  3, 81 
radere   1,   107.  3, 

114.5,  15 
raderet  3,  50 
ram  ale  1,  97 
ramalia  5,  59 
ramos  3,  56 
ramosa  5,  35 
ramum  3,  28 
rancidulam  1,  33 
rapiant  2,  38 
rapias  5, 142 
rapidae  5,  94 
raptum  1,  100 


raral,  46 
rasis  1,  85 
ratisse2,  66 
rattro  2,  11 
ratio  5,  96  119 
ratione  3,  36.  5, 39 
ratis  6,  31 
raucut  5, 1 1 
recens  5,  136 
recenti  1,  15.  5,  54 
receptat  6, 8 
recessi  5,  88 
recessus  2, 73 
f«ctil,  41.5,  121 
rectius  4,  9 
recto  5,  104 
rectum  4,  1 1 
recusas3, 18.5,79 
recuaem  6, 15 
recuset  1,  41 
recuso  1,  48 
recutitaque  5,  184 
redit  6,  79 
reduco5,  118 
refulserit  P.  12 
regina  2,  37 
regula  4,  12.  5,  38 
regum  1,  67.  3, 17. 

6,46 
regustatum  5, 138 
relaxat  5, 125 
relicU3,38.  5, 168 
relictam  5,  61 
relictis  1,  10.  6,  63 
relinque  5,  17 
reliqua  5,  87.  6, 53 
reliquum  6, 68  twice 
remitto  P.  5 
Remus  1,  73 
renuis  6,  63 
reparabilis  1, 102 
repente  P.  3 
repeto  5,  118 
repone  6,  66 
requiem  5,  43 
requiescere  3,  90 
resignent  5,  28 
responde  2, 17 
respondeat  4,  19 
respondet  3, 22 
respue  4,  51 
restas  3,  97 
retecti  3, 101 
retines  5,  116 
revello  5,  92 
revert!  3.  84 
rex  2,  37 
Rhenos  6,  47 
rhomboi  6,  23 
ridenti  1,  116 
ridere  1,  122 


rides  1, 40 
ridet  3,  86.  5, 190 
rigida  6.  77 
rigidos  3, 105 
rimasS,  2 
rtsisse  1, 132 
ritd  3,  111 
ritu  6,  59 
rizanti  5,  178 
robusti  5,  5 
rodere  5,  170 
rodunt  3,  81 
rogirit  2,  40 
rogarit  3,  93 
rogitas  5, 134 
Roma  1,  5 
Romae  1,  8 
Romule  1,  87 
Romulida  1,31 
ro8a2,  38 
rota  3,  24. 5,  72 
rubellum  5,  147 
rubra  5,  1^ 
rubrica  5, 90 
rubricaml,66 
rubrumque  5, 182 
rudere  3,  9  « 

rudis  5,  103 
rugam  6,  79 
rugosaque  5,  91 
nigoBum  5, 65 
mis  5,  143 
rumore  5,  164 
rumpere  3,  27.    5, 

runcantem  4,  36 
rupi5,  158 
nipu  6,  27 
rupto  1,  25.  5,  185 
rure  3, 24 
rursiis  3,  34 
rus  1,  71 


S. 

Sabbata  5,  184 
Sabioo  6, 1 
sacer  1,  113 
sacerdos  5,  186 
sacra  P.  7 
sacras  2,  55 
sacro  2, 25  69 
sacrum  6,  21 
saepe  3,  44.  5,  9 
8SV0S  3,  35 
sagittis  4,  42 
sale  4,  30 
salinum  3,  25.    5» 

138 
salit3,  111 


saUva  1,  104 
salivam  5,  112.   6. 

24 
salivis  2,  S3 
salutas  3, 29 
sambncam  5,  95 
Samios  3,  56 
sancte  2,  15 
sanctosque  2,  73 
MLSguis    1,    61.   3, 

116 
sani  3,  118 
sanna  5,  91 
saunas  1,  62 
sano3,  46 
sanus  3,  118 
saperdam  5,  134 
sapere  6,  38 
sapias  5,  167 
sapiat  4,  21 
sapiens    3,    53.   5, 

114 
sapimus  1,  11 
sapio  3,  78 
sapit  1,  106 
sardonyche  1,  16 
sartago  1,  80 
satis  3,  27  78 
satur  5,  56.  6,  71 
satnri  1,  31 
Satumiaque  2, 59 
Satumumque  5,  50 
saturum  1.  71 
satyri  5,  123 
saza  6,  27 
scabiosum  5,  74 
scabiosus  2,  13 
scalpuntur  1 ,  21 
scelerata  2,  63 
sciat  1,  27 
scilicet  1,  15.  2,  19. 

.4,4 
scinderis  5,  154 
scintillant  3,  117 
scire  1,  27.  2,   17. 

3  49 
scis'l,  53  54.  4,  10 
scit  1,  65  132 
scombros  1,  43 
scopuli  6,  8 
scribimus  1, 13 
scribttur  1,  53 
scribo  1,  45 
scrobe  1,119 
scutica  5,  131 
secretam  5,  96 
secreti  5,  21 
sectabere  5,  71 
secto  1,  131 
secuit  1,  1 14 
secum  3,  81 


TO  PERSIUS. 


585 


•ecundo  5,  72 
Mcura  3,  26 
tecurus  3,  62.  6,  12 

13 
secus  1,  66 
sede  1,  17 
aediictior  6,  42 
aeductis  2,  4 
seductum  5,  143 
8ege8  6,  26 
semel  1,  24.  5,  157 
temipaganus  P.  6 
semper    4,    18.    5, 

semuDcia  5, 121 
lene  1,  124 
senects  2,  41 
seDes  5,  179.  6,  6 
aenesque  5,  64 
sSnio  3,  48 
sSnio  6,  16 
seniumqae  1,  26 
sensus  1,  69 
semis  2,  18 
sepell  3,  97 
sepia  3,  13 
sequaces  P.  6 
sequenda  5,  107 
sequeris    3,  61.   6, 

14  155 
sequi  P.  11 
Serena  I,  19 
sen  5,  61 

seria,  adjeeiive,  6,  44 
aefm,substantiw€,2,l  1 

seriols  4,  29 

sermo  \,  63 

8erva8  5,  117 

servitium  5,  127 

sesqaipede  1,  57 

senilis  5»  148 

severoe  1 ,  64 

riccas  3,  5 

siccis5,  163 

siccum  6,  20 

Sicttli  3,  39 

sidere  5,  46 

sigoum  6,  17 

siTentia  3,  81.  4,  7 

siliquis  3,  6& 

similis  3,  17 

sinciput  6,  70 

sine  3,  25.  6,  16 

sin^ltiet  6.  72 

sinistro4.27.  5,164 

siou  5,  37 

sinuoso  5,  27 

sfs  1,  108 

sistam  6,  79 

sistro  5, 186 


sitiat  1,  60 

sitiente   S,    92.    5, 

136 
Socratico  5,  37 
sodes  3,  89 
sole  4.  18.  5,  54 
soleft  5,  169 
solem  4,  33 
solers    5.  37    142. 

6,  24  75 
soles,  noun,  5,  41 
solidum  5,  25 
solis  6,  19 
solitos  1,  70 
SoloDes  3,  79 
soluu  3,  58 
somnia  2,  57.  3,  83 
somniftsse  P.  3 
somno  5,  56 
sooat  1,  109.  3,  21 
sorbere   4,    16.     5, 

112 
sorbet  4,  32 
sorbitio  4,  2 
sordidus  1,  128 
sparsisse  5,  33 
speciem  5,  105 
species  5, 52 
spectatur  4,  24 
spem  2,  35 
spes  P.  12 
Spirent  6,  35 
splene  l.  12 
spondente  5,  79 
spumosum  1,  96 
Stadius  6,  68 
Staio  2,  19  22 
sute  5,  96 
stemmate  8,  28 
stertles  5,  75 
sterilis  6,  54 
stertimns  3i  3 
sterUs  3,  78  132 
stloppo  5,  13 
Stoicus  5f  86 
stolidam  2,  28 
strepitum  6,  4 
strigUes  5,  126  131 
stringere  2,  66 
stmere  2,  44 
studeam  3, 19 
stndeo  5,  19 
stolUs  5,  93  121 
stupet  3,  32 
stuppas  5f  135 
subaerato  5, 106 
subdite  5,  124 
subduximus  1,  95 
subeas  5,  155 
subere  1»  97 


subiere  3, 106 
subiit  2,  55 
subit  3,  100.  4,  12 
snbrisitS.  110 
sobsellia  1,  82 
sabter3,  41.  4,43 
Subura  5,  32 
succinis  3,  20 
succinctis  5,  31 
succinctus  5,  140 
sudans  3,  47 
sodare  5,  150 
sudes  2,  53 
sufficiat  3»  4 
su£Ba  4,  20 
sulcoque  1 ,  73 
sulfure  2, 25 
sulfureas  3,  99 
sunien  1,  53 
sumis  5, 124 
summa  1,   104.   3, 

34.  4,  14  17 
samroiE  6,  64 
summosque  3,  108 
summnm  3,  48 
sumtus  6,  67 
supellex  4,  52 
superbo  1,  100 
snperest  6,  55 
superis2,  71 
superos  2,  43 
supinus  1,  129 
supplantat  1,  35 
supplice  2,  35 
supplicat  5, 173 
supposita  3, 1 16 
supposui  5,  36 
supra  5, 1 18 
surdftqae  6, 28 
surdum  6,  35 
surge   5,   132    133 

thriet 
surgentem  3»  67 
surgit  3, 95 
Surrentina  3,  93 
suscipis  5, 36 
suspenders   1,   118. 

i,  10 
suspendit  5,  47 
sttspiret  2,  51 
susurros  2,  6 


T. 

Tabellas  S,  81 
Ubula  6, 33 
tacebo  3,  97 
tacendaque  4,  5 
tacita  2,  5 


Ucitd  3,  95 
tacitns  5,  184 
Uli  3.  19 
talo  5.  104 
Ungat  4,  34 
Unge  3,  107 
tangit  I,  117 
tangitur  3,  4 
tantum    1,    60.    5, 

123 
tectoria  5,  25 
tecum  4,  52.  5,  12 

41  42 
temone  5,  70 
temperat  5,  51 
templis  2,  7  62  75 
tempora  5»  47 
tempore  3,  62 
ten  1,29 
tenaz  5,  48 
tendere  1,  65 
tendis  3,  60.  5,  139 
teneat  5,  99 
teneo  6,  1 13 
teneras  1,  107 
tenero  1,35.  3,  113 
teneroque  3,  16 
teneros  5,  36 
tenerum  1,  98 
tentas  2, 21 
tenut  4,  23 
tentemus3,  113 
tenuem  6,  24 
tenui  5,  77 
tenuia  5,  93 
tenus  6,  25 
tepiduro  1,  84 
ter  5,  188 
terque  2,  16 
terebrare  5,  138 
terens  1,  73 

tergo  1,  58.  4,  24 

tens  5,  15 

terrae  6,  57  59 

terram  3,  80 

terras  2,  61 

temiit  3,  41 

tertia  2,  14.  3. 91 

tesseruU  5,  74 

testaque  3,  61 

testicuU  1,  103 

tetigiase  6, 1 7 

tetrico  6,  2 

theu  4, 13  '^ 

thure  5,  120 

thus  1,  43.  5,  135 

Thyeste  5,  8 

thynni5,  183 

Tiberino  2, 15 

timer  3,  115 


536 


VERBAL  INDEX 


tincU  3,  37 
tingat  6,  20 
tingebam  3,  44 
tinniat  5, 106 
Titos  1,  20 
togaque  1,  15 
togc  5,  14 
tollat  4,  51 
toUe  5,  87  136 
tollere  2,  7 
toUit  4.  2 
tonat  2, 24 
toroaa  8,  86 
torqaere  3, 51 
torta5,  146 
torva  1*  99 
tot  2,  47.  5, 124 
totaque  5,  32 
totum  1,  49.  6,  64 
totumqae  5,  28 
totttsS,  173 
trabel,89.  5,141. 

6,27 
trabeate  3,  29 
tractas  4,  1 
traeoedo  5,  3 
tn£am  5,  28 
trahe  5, 17 
trahitur5.  160 
trama  6,  73 
transcendere  5,  111 
transilias  5,  146 
transisse  5,  60 
traoBtro  5, 147 
tremat  6,  74 
tremor  3,  100 
tremulo  1,  21 
tremulos  3,  87 
trepida  1,  74 
trepidare  1»  20.  5, 

170 
trepidas  5,  35 
trepidat  3, 88 
trei  5,  123 
tressUd,  76 
trientem  3,  100 
triplex  6,  78 
triste  1,9.  2,27 
trita  1,54 
Troiades  1,  4 
trossulus  1,82 
trutioa  1,7 
trutiDantur  3,  82 
tuque  2,  25 
tua  5,  23 
tuba  3,  103 
tucetaque  2,  42 
tui  6, 80 
tulit  1,  57 
turn  3, 12.  5,  60 


tumebU  3,  63 
tumet  2,  14.  5,  183 
tumet  5, 13 
tuiDttlo  1,39 
tun  1,22.  5,  146 
tune  6,  37 
tunicatum  4,  30 
tuo  5,  40 
turba  6,  42 
turbaB  4,  7 
turbida  1,  5 
turbinis  5,  78 
tuidamm  6,  24 
turgeicat  5,  20 
turgescere  5,  56 
turgetcit  3,  8 
turgidus  3,  98 
tnrpe  1,  3 
Tusco  3,  28 
Tuscum  2,  60 
tutor  3,  96 
tuuB  6,  71 
tyrannos  3,  35 


V. 

V«6,50 

yafer  1,  116  132.  6, 

20 
▼ago  6,  72 
▼alle  6,  8 
vanescat  3, 13 
▼apida  5, 148.  6, 17 
▼apido  5,  117 
vaporata  1,  126 
▼appa  5,  77 
varicosos  5,  189 
▼aro  4,  12.  6,  18 
vasa  2,  59 
▼asta5,  141 
▼atibua  5,  1 
vatum  P.  7.  1,34 
uda  2,  32 
udas  5, 165 
udo  1,  105 
udum  3,  23 
VectidI  4,  25 
vegrandi  1,  97 
Veientanuroque     5, 

147 
Velina  5,  73 
▼elU,    verh,   3,   36. 

5,  170 
▼ellant  4,  39 
▼ellat  1,  133 
velle  1,41.  5,53 
vellere,  V€r6,  2,  28 
vellus  2,  66 
velox  4,  4 


«enm  1, 103.  6, 72 
venas  2»  66.  8,  91 

107 
▼ende  6,  75 
▼eudo  1, 122 
▼eneno  3,  37 
▼enere  5,  180 
Venercm  5,  68 
Veoeri  2,  70 
venerit  1,  81 
venienti  3,  64 
veDimuii3, 16 
▼enio  6, 62 
veDit3, 11.  4,5  48. 

5, 67.  6,  39 
▼enosua  1 ,  76 
▼enter  P.  11.  6,74 
ventre  3,  98 
▼entis  3,  27 
▼entot5,  11 
veratro  1»  51 
▼erba  P.  9.  1,  35. 

3,  19  45  82.  4, 

45.  5,  14  28 
▼ere  5,  1 13 
▼erecunda  5,  44 
▼eri  5,  48  75  105 
verns  4,  22 
vero  1,  107 
verrucosa  1 ,  77 
versu  1,  21 
venum  1, 65  93 
verte  5,  137 
vertentem  5,  71 
verteril  5, 78 
vertigo  5,  76 
verum  1 ,  55  twict  90 
verurone  3,  7 
Vestalesque  2, 60 
veUt  5,  101.  6,  49 
▼etavit  5,  90 
veterem  4,   29.   6, 

116 
veteres  5,  92 
veteris  3.  83.  5,  59 
▼eterum  6, 3 
▼etitos  5,  99 
veto  1,  112 
vetuere  2,  43 
▼etule  1,  22 
vetus  1,  97 
viatica  5,  65 
vibice  4,  49 
vicern  4,  42 
vicini  3,  1 10.  6,  14 
vicinia  4,  46 
vicissim  5,  107 
▼icturi  3,  67 
▼ide  1,  108 
videant  3,  38 


▼ideas  1,  19  Sa  8« 

94 
▼idemus  1,69 
vidil,  l20firBM 
▼idit  3.  91 
▼igila5,  177 
▼in  6,  63 
▼ina  3,  100 
▼incere  2,  48 
"TOciooe  5,  39 
▼incuta  5,  158 
vindicu  5,  88  125 
vino  5,  183 
violae  1,  40 
violas  5,  182 
violens  5,  171 
Virbi  6,  56 
virgine  2,  70 
viril,36 
viridi  3,  22 
▼irtatem  3,  38 
virum  1,  96 
vis,  orr6,  1,  56.  2, 

19.  5,  144 
visa  est  3,  109 
viso  4,  47 
vitas  5,  34  94 
vitam  5,  61  83 
vitanda  5,  107 
vitiabit  5.  97 
viti&runt  6,  40 
vitiato  2,  65 
vitio  2.  68.  3,  32. 

4,13 
vitium  1,  116.  3,21 
vitrea  3,  8 
vitulo  1.  100 
vive  5,  153.  6,25 
vivere  1,  9  61.  2,  7. 

3,  31.  5,  84  87 

104  139 
▼iveret  1,  104 
▼ivis  3,  62.  5,  152 
▼ivitur    4,    43.     5, 

53 
vivo  6,  31 
vivunt  6,  2 
vixisse  4,  17 
vizit  6,  54 
ulcus  3,  113 
ullo  4.  41 
ulmo  3,  6 
ulterior  6,  41 
ultra  3,  15.  5,  69 
ultro  5,  172 
umbo  5,  33 
umbra  3,  4 
Umbris  3,  74 
una  5,  7.5 
una  5, 5a  6,  29 


TO  PERSirS. 


537 


uncis  1,  40 

uncta   3,     102.    A, 

17 
uDctftqueS,  180 
unctis2,  30.  6,16 
unctns  4, 33 
unda  3,  34 
undiB  3,  68 
UDde  1,  73  80  81,. 

6,  124  r 

undique  8,  59 
uoge  6,  68  69 
unguem  5,  162 
ungues  1,  65  106 
uDguine  6,  40 


UDO  1,66.  5,4653 

70 
UDuro  5,  43.   6,  58 

59 

QQUt  3i  7 

▼ocal  6,  27 
▼ocel,  19.5,28 
voces,  noun,  P.  11. 

5,1  26 
vocet  5,  171 
Tocuro  6,  3 
volet  1,  91 
VolfeDius5, 190 
volo  5,  84  87 
voluit  5, 84 


voluntas  5,''89 
vomuere  5,  181 
voU  2,  39.  6,  28 
voti  5.  109 
votis  3,  49 
voto  2,  7  35.  5,  53 
urbem  I,  114 
urbi  6,  38 
urentet  2, 34 
urget  6, 37 
urna  5,  145 
urnae  6,  34 
urnai  2,  60 
urtica  6,  70 
usque  1,  26.  6,  15 


uiuro  5,  94 
usus  5,  52 
utar  6,  22  twice 
utile  3, 70 
utioam  2,  12 
utitur  2,  68 
Tulgi  6.  12 
vulnera  5,  4 
vuIdus  4, 44 
vulpem  5,  117 
vultum  5,  40 
vulvae  6,  73 
vulvas  4,  36 
uxor  1, 74.  2,  14.  3, 
43 


FINIS. 


3  z 


BAXTER,  PRINTER,  OXFORD. 


i 


t 


•