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Class •
SHAKESPEARE'S PRONUNCIATION.
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BY THE SAME AUTHOR.
A SHAKESPEARE READER in the Old Spelling and with a
Phonetic Transcription. (Companion volume to A SHAKE-
SPEARE PHONOLOGY.) Marburg: Elwert. In the press.
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ELEMENTS DER PHONETIK DES DEUTSCHEN, ENGLISCHEN
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SHAKESPEARE'S PRONUNCIATION
A
SHAKESPEARE
PHONOLOGY
WITH A RIME -INDEX TO THE POEMS
AS A PRONOUNCING VOCABULARY
BY
WILHELM VIKTOR, M. A, PH. D.
PROFESSOR OF ENGLISH PHILOLOGY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF MARBURG
PRESIDENT OF THE ASSOCIATION PHONETIQUE INTERNATIONALE;
HON. MEM. OF THE MODERN LANGUAGE ASSOCIATION
OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND, &c.
"Not marble, nor the guilded monuments
Of princes, shall outlive this powerful rime.'
• __.. _
(^THF
UNIVERSITY
or
MARBURG I. H.
N. G. ELWERT.
LONDON W. C.
DAVID NUTT.
1906.
Altenburg (Sachsen-Alt.)
Pierersche Hofbuchdruckerei. Stcphan Geibel £ Co.
Published June 1, 1906.
Privilege of Copyright in the United States
reserved under the Act approved March 3, 1905,
by N. G. Elwertsche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Marburg i. H.
All Rights reserved.
TO
PROFESSOR
EDMUND STENGEL, M. A., PH. D,
OF GREIFSWALD UNIVERSITY.
1-58
PREFACE.
THE aim and scope of the present volume having
been set forth in the introductory chapter, very little
remains to be said.
To the short list of works given in § 2 W. Franz's
Orthographic, Lautgebung und Wortbildung in den
Werken Shakespeares (Heidelberg, 1905) must now
be added. As my own book had been completed in
manuscript, and for the greater part printed or set
in type when that volume appeared, I have not even
tried to turn it to account. Prof. Franz, who in his
preface kindly refers also to publications by myself
and some of my pupils, will be found to agree with
me on many points. I venture to hope that what I
now give after long preliminary studies will be more
exact as well as more complete than my former con-
tributions to the subject.
A few words must, however, be added, to avoid
possible misunderstandings. Specialists will speedily dis-
cover that I have ignored certain recent investigations
(Marburg ones not excepted) which may seem to
VIII PREFACE.
modify or even invalidate some of my own conclusions.
This has been done from the following considerations.
In the first place, I wished to address myself to a
wider circle of readers, some of whom would neither
care for a detailed discussion of side-questions, nor, as
a rule, have access to doctor's dissertations and similar
monographs. The second consideration, however, is
more important. As I have pointed out in § 2, my
object is not to treat of Modern English, nor even Eliza-
bethan, phonology, but of the pronunciation adopted
by Shakespeare in his published works. Hence the
rime-index to the poems forms an integral part of my
book. Besides Shakespeare himself — the principal
authority — , such contemporaries as Bullokar and Gill
are on the whole of far greater use for our purpose
than e. g. the Cely Papers or Paston Letters. Let me
give an example to show what I mean. From sources
such as those last mentioned we know that, with
certain speakers, the difference in sound between at
and long a had been lost as early as the 15th c.,
not to mention later evidence which may prove more
or less conclusive. Nevertheless, I keep Shakespearian
[sei] distinct from [ae:] , letting the facts , so to say,
speak for themselves. A critic who only peruses my
text is almost sure to raise objections. But a mere
glance at the lists of rimes in -aim : -aim, -ame : -ante,
&c., in the rime-index ought to convert the most in-
veterate disbeliever.
PREFACE. IX
Not having lived in English surroundings for the
last twenty years and more, I count upon the indul-
gence of my readers in presenting my book in an
English garb, which I naturally do for merely practical
reasons. I am greatly indebted to Miss E. Fancourt,
of London, and Lektor H. Smith, M. A., of Marburg,
as well as to Dr. M. Christlieb, of Marburg, and
Direktor F. Dorr, of Frankfort-on-the-Main, for their
valuable assistance in revising the proofs, but must
take all responsibility on myself. A list of Addenda
et Corrigenda, which includes a few valuable notes
by Prof. F. J. Curtis, of Frankfort, will be found at
the end of the book.
A companion volume, A Shakespeare Reader, is
in the press.
MARBURG, May 1906.
W. V.
ABBREVIATIONS AND SIGNS.
(The contracted titles of Shakespeare's works are
the same as in Ellis, III, p. 919, and besides self-
explaining. It will be sufficient to include those of
the poems in the following list.)
a. = adjective.
A. F. = Anglo-French,
an., anon. = anonymous,
av. = adverb,
c. = century, centuries,
cj. = conjunction,
cp. = comparative.
E. = English,
e. = early.
E. D. D. = English Dia-
lect Dictionary.
E. D. Gr. = English Dia-
lect Grammar.
Exp. Orth. = Expert Or-
thographist.
F = Folio.
F. = French.
Ff = Folios.
G. = German,
g. — gerund.
Gr. = Greek.
ib. (in the rime-index) =
ibidem (the last quo-
tation only).
int. = interjection.
It. = Italian.
L. = Latin.
LC = Lover's Complaint.
M. E. = Middle English.
Mod. = Modern.
N. E. D. = New English
Dictionary.
npr. = proper name.
num. = numeral.
O. = Old.
p. = participle (present).
pi. — plural.
pn. — pronoun.
PP = Passionate Pilgrim.
pp. = past participle.
ABBREVIATIONS AND SIGNS. ORIGINAL EDITIONS, XI
prp. = preposition. VA == Venus and Adonis.
PT = Phoenix and Turtle. W. == Welsh,
pt. = preterite, past tense. War. = Warwick.
Q = Quarto. W. S. = West Saxon.
Qq = Quartos. *= hypothetical (inferred).
RL = Rape of Lucrece. f = not in Shakespeare,
S = Sonnets. not quoted from Sh.
s. = substantive. || = imperfect rime.
Sc. = Scotch. -f- is used in the rime-
sg. = singular. index to separate riming
Sp. == Spanish. words,
sup. = superlative. ( ) (in the rime -index,
s. v. = sub verbo. phonetic transcription)
v. = verb (present tense). = uncertain or optional.
*#* For [ ] and phonetic transcription see § 3.
ORIGINAL EDITIONS AND FACSIMILES
(THE LATTER USED IN THIS BOOK.)
Venus and Adonis. First Quarto, 1593.— Shakespere-
Quarto-Facsimiles, No. 12. (W. Griggs.)
The Rape of Lucrece. First Quarto, 1594. — Shake-
spere- Quarto-Facsimiles, No. 35. (C. Praetorius.)
Shakespeare's Sonnets. First Quarto, 1609. — Shake-
spere-Quarto-Facsimiles, No. 30. (C. Praetorius.)
A Lover's Complaint. Forms an appendix to the
original edition and the facsimiles of the Sonnets.
The Passionate Pilgrim. First Quarto, 1599,-Shake-
spere-Quarto-Facsimiles, No. 10, (W. Griggs.)
The Phoenix and Turtle. Published in an appendix
to Robert Chester's Love's Martyr, 1601.— Re-
print by Dr. Grosart in the Publications of the
New Shakespere Society, 1878.
XII
PHONETIC AUTHORITIES.
Also the Facsimiles by Sidney Lee (Oxford, 1905).
The First Folio.— Facsimiles by J. O. Halliwell-Phillipps
(London, 1876), and by Sidney Lee (Oxford, 1902).
CHIEF PHONETIC AUTHORITIES.
(16 TH TO 18 TH C.)
Bullokar (1580).
Butler (1633).
Cheke (1555).
Cooper (1685).
Cotgrave (1611).
Du Gres (1636).
Du Guez (ab. 1532).
Erondell (1605).
Expert Orthographist
(1704).
Florio (1611).
Gill (1619, 1621).
Grammaire Angloise 1595.
> > 1639.
Hart (1569).
Hume (1617).
Hymn to the Virgin (ab.
1500?).
Jones (1701).
Jonson (1640).
Konig (1705, &c.).
Lambeth Fragment (1528).
Lediard (1725).
Mason (1622, 1633).
Miege (1688).
Offelen (1687).
Palsgrave (1530).
Price (1668).
Sainliens (1566,1580,1609).
Salesbury (1547, 1567).
Sherwood (1632).
Smith (1568).
Tory (1529).
Walker (1791, &c.)
Wallis (1653).
Wilkins (1668).
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
PAGE
PREFACE VII
ABBREVIATIONS AND SIGNS X
ORIGINAL EDITIONS AND FACSIMILES .... XI
CHIEF PHONETIC AUTHORITIES XII
CHAPTER I. — INTRODUCTORY. § 1. Ellis on the
pronunciation of Shakespeare. § 2. Other
work bearing on the subject. § 3. Method
of investigation. § 4. Sounds and symbols:
vowels. § 5. Nicer distinctions. § 6. The
vowels illustrated. § 7. Sounds and sym-
bols: consonants 1
CHAPTER II.— VOWELS, [ii] IN BE. § 8. Gene-
ral value. § 9. Rimes in [i:] and [i]. § 10.
Apparent rimes in [i:] and [ij] final. § 11.
Rimes in [i:] and [e:]. ,§12. Apparent rimes
in [ii] and [e] 9
CHAPTER III.— VOWELS, [i] IN LIP. § 13. Gene-
ral value. § 14. Rimes in [i] and [ij]. § 15.
Rimes in [i] and [e:]. § 16. Rimes in [i]
and [e]. § 17. Rimes in [ir] and [ur] . . 18
CHAPTER IV.— VOWELS, [ij] IN BY. § 18. Gene-
ral value. § 19. Rimes 25
CHAPTER V.— VOWELS, [iu] IN DUE. § 20. Gene-
ral value. § 21. Rimes in [iu] and [eu]. § 22.
Rimes in [iu] and [u:]. § 23. Other rimes 28
XIV TABLE OF CONTENTS.
PAGE
CHAPTER VI.— VOWELS, [ei] IN SEA. § 24.
General value. § 25. Apparent rimes in
[e:] and [i:]. § 26. Rimes in [ei] and [e].
§ 27. Rimes in [ei] and [ae:]. § 28. Appa-
rent rimes in [ei] and [gei] 34
CHAPTER VII.— VOWELS, [e] IN LET. § 29.
General value. § 30. Rimes in [e] and [as],
and various rimes in [er]. § 31. Apparent
rimes in [e] and [gei] 44
CHAPTER VIII.— VOWELS, [eu] IN FEW. § 32.
General value. § 33. Rimes 47
CHAPTER IX.— VOWELS, [ae:] IN NAME. § 34.
General value. § 35. Rimes in [ae:] and
[ae]. § 36. Rimes in [ae:] and [aei]. § 37.
Rime in [321] and [o] 48
CHAPTER X. — VOWELS, [ae] IN CAN. § 38.
General value. § 39. Rimes in [ae] and
[a:]. § 40. Rimes in [ae] and [o] (and occa-
sionally [o:]). § 41. Rime in [ae] and [u] 56
CHAPTER XL— VOWELS, [aei] IN DAY. § 42.
General value. § 43. Additional rimes . . 62
CHAPTER XII.— VOWELS, [ai] IN SAW. § 44.
General value. § 45. Additional rimes . 65
CHAPTER XIIL— VOWELS. [01] IN GO. § 46.
General value. § 47. Rimes in [01] and [o].
§ 48. Rimes in [01] and [ou]. § 49. Rimes
in [01] and [u:] (and [u]). § 50. Rimes in
[o:J and [uw] 69
CHAPTER XIV.— VOWELS, [o] IN ON. § 51.
General value. § 52. Apparent rime in [o]
and [ou]. § 53. Rimes in [o] and [u], and
words in -ord, -ort, &c , . , 75
TABLE OF CONTENTS. XV
PAGE
CHAPTER XV.— VOWELS, [oi] IN JOY. § 54.
General value. § 55. Rimes ..... 82
CHAPTER XVI.— VOWELS, [ou] IN OWN. § 56.
General value. § 57. Rimes in [ou] and
' [uw], [ui] 84
CHAPTER XVIL— VOWELS, [u:] IN TOO. § 58.
General value. § 59. Rimes in [u:] and [u].
§ 60. Rimes in [u:] and [uw] 85
CHAPTER XVIIL— VOWELS, [u] IN UP. § 61.
General value 88
CHAPTER XIX.— VOWELS, [uw] IN HOW. § 62.
General value. § 63. Rimes 89
CHAPTER XX.— CONSONANTS. LABIALS. § 64.
Stops, [b], [p]. § 65. Nasal, [m]. § 66.
Continuants, [w], [hw]. § 67. Continuants.
M, [f] 90
CHAPTER XXL— CONSONANTS. DENTALS. § 68.
Stops, [d], [t]. § 69. Nasal, [n]. § 70.
Liquids. [1]. § 71. Liquids, [r]. § 72.
Continuants, [d], [0]. § 73. Continuants.
W, M; hi [J] 95
CHAPTER XXII. — CONSONANTS. PALATALS AND
VELARS, &c. § 74. Stops, [g], [k]. § 75.
Nasal. [I)]. § 76. Continuants, [j], [c]. § 77.
Continuants, [x]. § 78. The aspirate, [h] 99
CHAPTER XXIIL— STRESS AND RHYTHM. § 79.
General remarks. § 80. Shifting of stress,
and change of rhythm. § 81. Influence of
stress and rhythm on speech-sounds. § 82.
Irregular number of weak syllables in the
verse , 102
XVI TABLE OF CONTENTS.
PAGE
RIME-INDEX TO THE POEMS AND
PRONOUNCING VOCABULARY.
•*-
L J
II.
[i]-Rimes.
(Groups 37-84)
... 126
III.
[ij]-Rimes.
(Groups 85-127) .
. . . 136
IV.
[iu]-Rimes.
(Groups 128-154) .
... 159
V.
[ei] -Rimes.
(Groups 155-201) .
... 164
VI.
[e] -Rimes.
(Groups 202-273) .
... 175
VII.
[eu] -Rimes.
(Groups 274-276) .
... 194
VIII.
[ae:]-Rimes.
(Groups 278-323) .
. . . 194
IX.
[ae] -Rimes.
(Groups 324-376) .
... 207
X.
[seiJ-Rimes.
(Groups 377-397) .
... 217
XL
[a:]-Rimes.
(Groups 398-409) .
... 227
XII.
[o:]-Rimes.
(Groups 410-436) .
... 229
XIII.
[o]-Rimes.
(Groups 437-473) .
... 238
XIV.
[oi]-Rimes.
(Groups 474-481) .
... 245
XV.
[ou] -Rimes.
(Groups 482-493) .
... 247
XVI.
[u:]-Rimes.
(Groups 494-511) .
... 250
XVII.
[u]-Rimes.
(Groups 512-556) .
... 253
XVIII.
[uw]-Rimes.
(Groups 557-573)
... 261
XIX.
Lll-Rimes.
(Group 574) .
266
ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA 267
WORD-INDEX . 269
b/S "*" -—»«-*»
*o
Oi THC- "
UNIVERSITY
? iroF.'
A SHAKESPEARE PHONOLOGY.
CHAPTER I.
INTRODUCTORY.
§ 1. Ellis on the pronunciation of Shakespeare.
A. J. Ellis— whose name may well stand at the head
of a treatise like the present — has a well-known essay,
On the Pronunciation of Shakespeare, in Chapter VIII,
§ 9, of his monumental work, On Early English Pro-
nunciation, with especial reference to Shakespeare and
Chaucer, Part III, London, 1871.
As Ellis remarks, our sources of information
respecting the pronunciation of Shakespeare are two-
fold, external and internal. The external sources
comprise the contemporary authorities on English pro-
nunciation, most of them examined by Ellis in Chapter III
(Part I, 1869) and illustrated in the preceding sections
of Chapter VIII, such as Palsgrave (1530), Salesbury
(1547 and 1567), Smith (1568), Hart (1569), Bullokar
(1580), and especially Gill (1619 and 1621). Of the
three last-mentioned, Bullokar and Gill represent a
"more archaic form of language," whereas Hart favours
the "modern thinness of utterance affected by the
Victor, Shakespeare's Pronunciation. I.
2 INTRODUCTORY. [Chap. I.
ladies," and in all probability by the court. Now,
in the time of the Kembles, and later on, when Ellis
wrote, the pronunciation of the stage was archaic;
but as Ellis suggests, it is possible that in Shakespeare's
time a different custom prevailed. Ellis, therefore,
recognizes the necessity for proving the indications
of Gill and other writers by an examination of Shake-
speare's own usage, so far as it can be determined
from his text.
As internal sources of information Ellis mentions
puns, metre, and rime. The first he found to be really
of less use than might have been expected. The
metre, so far as it goes, Ellis considers the most
trustworthy source of information which we possess.
After his experience of Spenser's habits, the rime
must, in Ellis 's opinion, be of very doubtful assistance ;
we can, he thinks, at most compare general habits
of riming with the general rules laid down by con-
temporary orthoepists. He finally concedes that a few
inferences may be drawn from peculiarities of spelling.
Nevertheless Ellis has thought it right to read
through the whole of Shakespeare with a view to his
puns and rimes, and, for the latter part of his task, has
also noted many metrical and accentual peculiarities.
A summary of Ellis 's results, as well as a few
specimens in phonetic transcription, is to be found
towards the end of his § 8. On the whole, Shake-
speare's pronunciation according to Ellis appears rather
archaic, like that of Bullokar and Gill, than advanced,
like that of Hart.
§ 2. Other work bearing on the subject. Earlier
attempts to determine the pronunciation of Shake-
speare, by R. Grant White (1861), and by J. B.
§ 2.] OTHER WORK BEARING ON THE SUBJECT. 3
Noyes and C. S. Peirce (1864), have been noticed by
Ellis, but may now be disregarded.
Much light has been thrown on Elizabethan
phonetics by the work of subsequent authors, among
whom may be mentioned Henry Sweet (A History
of English Sounds, London, 1874; new edition, Oxford,
1888; &c.), F. Kluge (Geschichte der englischen
Sprache, in Paul's Grundrifs der germanischen Philo-
logie, I, Strassburg, 1891 ; 2nd ed., 1901), and K. Luick
(articles in Anglia, XIV, Halle, 1892 •, XVI, 1894;
Untersuchungen zur englischen Lautgeschichte, Strass-
burg, 1896; Studien zur englischen Lautgeschichte^
Wien und Leipzig, 1903). But apart from publications
dealing with Shakespeare's metre (e. g. by G. Konig,
and by B. A. P. van Dam and C. Stoffel), his puns
(by L. Wurth), and the spelling in the first Folio
(by A. Lummert) and in some of the earliest Quartos
(by A. Wurzner), the pronunciation of Shakespeare
has only incidentally been treated since 1871. Another
valuable, if indirect, help are the reprints of Gill's
Logonomia Anglica, by O. L. Jiriczek (Strassburg,
1903), and of Mason's Grammaire Angloise, of 1622
and 1633, by R. Brotanek (Halle, 1905). They are
shortly to be followed by an edition of Bullokar's
Booke at Large, undertaken by E. Hauck. Of the
greatest importance for Shakespeare philology has
been, and will long continue to be, the publication
of three lexicographical works, of which the second
and third are still uncompleted, viz. the Shakespeare
Lexicon by Alexander Schmidt, the New English
Dictionary, edited by J. A. H. Murray, and the
English Dialect Dictionary, edited by Joseph Wright.
It is only fair to add that the way for Wright's
4 INTRODUCTORY. [Chap. I.
excellent work had been paved by Ellis 's Part V,
The Existing Phonology of English Dialects com-
pared with that of West Saxon Speech (1889; ab-
ridged edition, English Dialects — their Sounds and
Homes, London, 1890). l
§ 3. Method of investigation. One of the prin-
cipal results obtained by previous research has been
the recognition of the coexistence of various pronun-
ciations also in Shakespeare's time. Our present
object being to ascertain the individual pronunciation
of Shakespeare, a new attempt will be made to derive
information above all from one of the internal sources
reluctantly used by Ellis, viz. rime. Shakespeare's
"general habits of riming" ought, I think, to be more
clearly distinguished from rimes that are only excep-
tional or possibly borrowed. This will be done by
arranging and examining all the rimes contained in
the poems of Shakespeare, first of all those published
by himself, i. e. Venus and Adonis, and The Rape of
Lucrece, then the Sonnets. A Lover's Complaint, The
Phoenix and Turtle, and The Passionate Pilgrim, will
also be included, but precaution will be taken not
to confound spurious or doubtful with genuine Shake-
spearian work. A rime-index, which is to form the
second part of this book, will present, not only all
the rimes offered by these poems, but also the phonetic
results arrived at, and thus serve as a pronouncing
vocabulary as well. For this purpose, the riming words
will be grouped according to the riming vowel, and
to the sounds which follow, but in every section
1 "Whilst these pages are being revised for the press,
the last part of the E. D. D. and Wright's E. Dialect
Grammar have appeared.
§ 4-] SOUNDS AND SYMBOLS: VOWELS. 5
arranged alphabetically, according to their modern
spelling (that of the Globe edition), the original spelling
of the first Quarto, if different, being indicated in a
note. All irregular rimes will be duly considered,
with regard to other evidence of every kind. It would
be manifestly impracticable as well as superfluous to
classify all the rimes occurring in the plays in a
similar manner; so much the more, as this would
involve many difficult problems of authorship and
textual criticism. On the other hand, it is to be
hoped that the results yielded by the rimes of the
poems may be of some assistance in deciding linguistic
and literary questions connected with the dramatic
works. Such rimes in the plays, however, as present
any particular interest, will be discussed in addition
to those taken from the poems. I hope to show that
there is a far greater majority of perfect rimes in Shake-
speare's poems and plays than might appear from
modern usage, and also from the conclusions of Ellis.
§ 4. Sounds and symbols: vowels. The phone-
tic notation used in this book (in square brackets)
is a simplification of the alphabet of the Associa-
tion Phonetique Internationale, which in many points
coincides with those employed by Sweet and Murray.
It will be convenient to anticipate the Shakespearian
system of sounds in presenting the signs which are
to denote them.
In our simplified notation the vowels and diph-
thongs are as follows:
Palatal, or Front. Mixed. Velar, or Back.
High, i:, i, ij, iu ui, u, uw
Mid. e:, e, eu a 01, o, oi, ou
Low. se:, as, sei a:
6 INTRODUCTORY. [Chap. I.
The [u] and [o] sounds are more or less labialised
or rounded. The colon [i] denotes length. When
necessary, stress will be indicated by an acute accent
['] preceding the accented syllable. Non-syllabic [i],
not forming part of a diphthong, or of the half-diph-
thong [ij], may be noted as [I].
§ 5. Nicer distinctions. In the above system no
distinction is made between "narrow" and "wide"
(e. g. F. i in /#, and E. / in Up), or between "close"
and "open" vowels (e. g. F. e in fee, and F. e in
f£te), although the necessary symbols are provided in
the alphabet of the Association Phonetique. In all
probability the Shakespearian vowels and diphthongs
might be more exactly, but less conveniently, repre-
sented thus:
i:, i, ii, iui u: u, uu
s:, e, eui 9 or, D, oi, o:u
ae;, a, ai ar,
[i], [e], [o] and [u] expressing wider or opener types
than narrow or close [i], [e], [o] and [u] respectively,
whilst a more palatal and a more velar [a] sound
would be distinguished by [a] and [a]. Yet even
this more elaborate notation would be wanting in pre-
ciseness. Thus [ii] and [u:] are hardly to be considered
as fully narrow, but rather as "lowered" or half-wide
[i:] and [u:]; the [i] and [u] of [ii] and [uu] might be
recognized as slightly tending towards the obscure
"mixed" vowel [3], i. e. as being "mixed" [i] and [ii]
(which, together with "mixed" [e], might also be found
in the [i], [e], and [u], or [i], [s] and [u] followed
by [r]j as in bird, herd, lurk}\ the distinction be-
tween "close," i. e. higher, [e] and [o], and "open,"
i. e. lower, [e] and [o] would not preclude a further
§ 6.] THE VOWELS ILLUSTRATED. 7
discrimination between "narrow/' i. e. tense , and
"wide," i. e. lax, varieties; &c. &c.
§ 6. The vowels illustrated. The sounds represented
in our scheme (§4) may be illustrated by the following
key-words, as presumably pronounced by Shakespeare :
be, lip, by, due too, up, how
sea, let, few go, on, joy, own
name, can, day saw.
For practical purposes the following only approxi-
mative equations may be useful:
Shakespearian Sounds. Modern Sounds.
[i:] in be = Northern E. e in be; no after-glide,
.[i] > Up = i in Up.
[ij] » by = exaggerated London E. (and usual
Cockney) e in be.
[iu] » due = u in due; the first element stressed,
[e;] » sea = Northern E. ea in bearing.
[e] > let = e in let.
[eu] » few = e in let followed by oo in too ; the first
element stressed,
[ae:] » name = a in caw, long,
[ae] » am = a in caw; the less palatal Northern E.
variety,
[aei] » day = a in caw followed by £ in 60 / opener
than ay in rfioy.
[a:] » saw = Northern E. and Cockney a m father.
[o:] » go = less open than aw in saw; like the first
element of ow in own.
[o] > on = less open than o in ow.
[oi] » yoy = oy in /oy ; the first element, however,
less open,
[ou] » oww = ow in oww (cf. [o:]).
8 VOWELS. — [ii] IN BE. [Chap. II.
[ur] in too = Northern E. oo in too; no after-glide.
[u] » up = u in put.
[uw] » /sow == exaggerated London E. oo in too.
All the vowels, when unstressed, are more or less
obscured, verging on [3] (which is now used for a
in about, o in bishop, &c.).
§ 7. Sounds and symbols: consonants. About
the consonants little is to be said here. They may
be roughly divided into the following groups, to which
the aspirate h = [h] must be added. Pairs of voiced
and voiceless sounds are coupled by a hyphen.
Labial. Dental. Pal"taL Vel"r'
or Front, or Back.
Stops. b-p d-t g-k
Nasals. m n g
Liquids. 1, r
Continuants, w, v-f ft-0, z-s, ^-J j-c x
Shakespearian examples : —
bay-pay do-too gall-call
meed need king
leap, reap
way, vain- thee-three, year-light bought
feign use v.-use s.
It will be seen that [5] and [0] stand for th in
thee and three respectively; that [3] represents the
sibilant spelled si in vision (modern pronunciation)
and contained in the diphthongal sound of j = [d^]
mjoy; that [J] = sh in show, [j] = y in year,
[g] = ng in king; and that [c] and [x], both of
doubtful occurrence in Shakespeare, represent the
§ 8.] GENERAL VALUE. 9
sounds of G. ch in ich (i. e. the voiceless counterpart
of [j]), and of G. ch in ach, or Sc. ch in loch.
The <wh in what may be written [hw], which is
more distinct, if less exact, than [M], i. e. voiceless [w].
Northern E. wh in what probably has the same sound.
Syllabic consonants (nasals and liquids) are indi-
cated by [,1], [,m], &c. i
CHAPTER II.
VOWELS. — [ii] IN BE.
§ 8. General value. There is no doubt that M.
E. g (close long e) = [e:] was represented by an [i:]
sound in Elizabethan English. Even the Hymn to
the Virgin (about 1500?) and Salesbury express it
by W. z, which is still pronounced [i(:)J. Other
authorities, however, indicate a sound intermediate
between [e:] and [i:]. In the words of Palsgrave
"suche a kynde of soundynge" as was then given to e
"in these wordes, a bee suche as maketh honny, a beere
to lay a deed corps on, a peere a make or felowe,"
&c. (he also mentions we, me, the, he, she), "both in
frenche and latine, is allmoste the ryght pronunciation
of i" (Ellis, I, p. 77). Smith calls e in me, see, &c.
a sound "qui nee e nee i reddit auribus, sed quoddam
medium"; adding, "et tamen simplex est, literaque
debet dici" (ib., p. 112). According to Bullokar, the
sound of "e sharpe," i. e. the sound in question, is
"betwene the old sound of the old name of :e: and the
name of :/:" (ib., p. 113). Ellis was surely mistaken
in interpreting these three quotations as describing
10 VOWELS. — [i:] IN BE. [Chap. II.
narrow [i:]. Nor is there any proof of the sound
having become narrow [i;] by the time when Shake-
speare died. Gill's statement that "/ tennis" is found
short in sin or win, long in seen or ween, seems to
point to wide, or at least half-wide, [n], as short / in
all probability was wide. The E. long e which is iden-
tified with W. / at a much earlier period in the Hymn
and by Salesbury may in reality have been wide [n],
or even "raised" [e:]. But as the F. authorities of the
16th and 17th c. also treat the E. sound as equivalent
to their own i, which was almost certainly narrow, we
cannot insist on wide [n] as the recognized sound in
Shakespeare's time. The rimes employed by Shake-
speare favour, but do not prove, a wide sound.
§ 9. Rimes in [i:] and [i]. BEFORE LABIALS.
The following instances probably are only apparent
rimes in [ii] and [i]. Achieve rimes with live S 67. 3.
Shakespeare may have pronounced [se'tfiv] ; observe the
Q spelling atchiue, i. e. atchive, and the same spelling
16th to 17th c., also achyve 14th c. (N. E. D.), and
cf. chief, mischief, spelled chyf, meschif in M. E., as
also the modern pronunciation of the last-mentioned
word. — Believe : give H8 prol. 8, and relieve me : give
me P 5. 2. 269 (Gower's speech) , both in doubtful
plays, seem to be correctly explained by Ellis (III,
p. 958), who remarks that "give had occasionally a
long vowel/' also recognized by Bullokar and once by
Gill, viz. [i:] = M. E. g, lengthened from i in an open
syllable (cf. Luick, Untersuchungen, p. 283). Without
the [v], the [ii] is common in modern dialects, War-
wick included. The word, however, rimes regularly
in the poems.
Ellis (1. c.) thinks it probable that evil : devil —
§ 9-] RIMES IN [i:] AND [i]. 11
besides passages from the plays, he only cites RL 85,
846, 972— should be taken as [i:v,l], [div,l] , but
he does not overlook the fact that Smith also gives
[diivil]. This latter form may well be Shakespeare's
pronunciation. Cf. N. E. D., s. v. devil: "The O. E.
ddo- would normally give modern de-, exemplified in
15th c.7 and in mod. Sc. and some Eng. dialects, but
generally shortened at an earlier or later date to dev-
or div-." Short [e] and [i] are represented by Cooper
and Jones respectively. In evil, [i:], corresponding to
M. E. g, lengthened from / in an open syllable, was also
pronounced by Gill and Butler. The [i] in the second
syllable of both words should possibly be retained.
Smith has it in devil, Butler in evil, where Gill, however,
omits it, as Cooper and later orthoepists do in devil.
The Q spellings are, of course, not decisive. The same
rime occurs in the plays.
BEFORE DENTALS. Beseech 'd rimes with enrich 'd
LC 207. As LC is of doubtful authorship, this is
perhaps not a Shakespearian rime.
Been : sin RL 210 cannot be reckoned as a rime
in [i:] and [i]. It is true, Shakespeare rimes been
[bim] : seen S 97. 1, and been [bi:n] : spleen PP 6. 78,
supposing this poem to be his; but this would not
prevent him from using the short, and originally
unstressed, by-form [bin], RL 210. As to this form,
cf. the spellings bynne, byn 16th to 17th c., bin 16th
to 18th c., N. E. D., Jones's rendering, and the modern
use of [bin] by the side of [bi:n] or [bijn], — Mytilene :
din P 5.2.273 (in Gower's speech), and Mytilene : then
P 4. 4. 51 (also spoken by Gower), seem both imper-
fect rimes, in [ii] and [i], and in [i:] and [e] respectively.
Some of the rimes in [i:ld] and [ild] are doubtful.
12 VOWELS. — [ii] IN BE, [Chap. II
Of the v. build the pt. builded occurs, riming with
shielded and yielded, LC 152. As build is spelled
bield 14th c., beelde 14th to 15th c., and as Gill has
"bildeth" = [biildee] by the side of "bvldeth" = [by;lde0]
(where [y] =.F. u), of "beildeth" = [beildee], of "bjld"
= [bijld], of "bild" = [bild], and of "bvld" = [byild], and
again "b'ilder" = [bidder], "bilding" = [biildiij], to the
exclusion of other forms, builded LC 152 may certainly
be interpreted as [biilded]. The same pronunciation
appears in build-. field KL 3.2.90 (the Fool's prophecy).
The [i:] is still used in the North (cf. E. D. S.).—
Also gild v. is represented in the poems by one — two-
fold—rime only, viz. with field and shield, RL 58.
It is pronounced "gild" = [gild] by Gill, and there
are no spellings with ie or ee in N. E. D. Still the
rime in question, and the analogy with build, are in
favour of [giild].— For held (and hild), pt. and pp.
of hold, Shakespeare evidently uses two, and including
the compound beheld pt., even three, different phonetic
forms. "Held" pp. S 2. 4, 24. 3 must be [hiild], the
words riming with it being field and "stell'd" i. e.
rather * steel' d, respectively. The reading of the Globe
ed., stell'd, S 24. 1, is in contradiction with that of
the Q, steeld, i. e. "engraven as in steel" (from steel
v., O. E. *st£lan, W. S. *stfelan). The [i:] of "held,"
i. e. *hield, itself is borne out by the well-known
Chaucerian heeld, and also the spellings hield 13th c.,
heild 14th to 15th c. Hild, with [i], on the other
hand, is authorized by the twofold rime with fulfill 'd
and kill'd, RL 1257, by the spellings hild, hyld 14th
to 16th c. , and by being mentioned, although as
"barbare," by Cooper. A third form is found in the
pt. (be)held [(be)'held], riming with eoccell'd, VA 1129,
§ io.] APPARENT RIMES IN [i:] AND [ij] FINAL. 13
and with dwell 'd, stell'd (from stell v., O. E. stellari),
RL 1447. It is the form still in general use, and
written held from the 1 1 th c. onward. As another
instance of [ii] riming with [i] followed by [Id] remains
the rimz field -.yield : kill' d RL 72.
Again, there is teeth : with VA 269.
§ 10. Apparent rimes in [i:] and [ij] final. Rimes
in final -ee or -e and final -y are frequent in the
poems of Shakespeare. All the words belonging to the
latter category and occurring in rimes with -ee, -e are
originally F. or L. words, mostly feminines, some of
them in M. E. likewise ending in -ee, -e} i. e. e =
close [e:], e. g. canopy, hospitality, some in -i, -y,
i. e. i = [i:]7 or in -ie, -ye, later -y, i. e. i(e) — [i:(a)J,
e. g. enemy, idolatry. When these terminations lost
their accent, also -ee, -e in late M. E. and early Mod.
E. became -ie, -ye, -y. In the time of Shakespeare the
regular value of unstressed and weakly stressed -y
in genuine E. words, such as any, fifty, was [i], or
[i], as may best be seen from Gill's numerous tran-
scriptions with "i" for -y. In a considerable number
of cases Gill also uses "j," i. e. [ij], or [ii], which he
even prefers in E. -ly, as in daily, earnestly, &c.,
though he does not, as Ellis thinks (III, p. 959),
generally pronounce final unaccented -y as "j." Rare-
ly the -y in question is rendered by Gill in a third
way, viz. "i"," i. e. [i:]; in two cases, chastity : be,
and harmony : agree, the -y riming with -e or -ee.
One and the same word may appear in two, or — as
is the case with greatly — in all three, of these forms.
As to our rimes, all the words with -y are origi-
nally F. or L. words having a secondary and rhyth-
mical stress on the -yf Irrespective of its origin —
14 VOWELS. — [ii] IN BE. [Chap. II.
whether = M. E. g or = M. E. i.(e) —the -y may rime
either with stressed [i:] or with stressed [ij], prefe-
rably the latter. Some of the words rime both ways,
e. g. infamy : be RL 1638, infamy : die v. RL 1055;
and there are a number of neutral rimes , such as
infamy : enmity RL 504. So far, one might assume
that Shakespeare pronounced -y in such words from
F. or L. as [ij] only, but did not object to making
them rime with [ii] as well as with stressed [ij]. If
so, one would also expect rimes to occur in stressed
[i:] and stressed [ij], say e. g. be : die. No such rimes
are, however, to be found, and, what is more, no
rimes in stressed [ii] and E. -ly, such as be : lustily,
either. We can only conclude that Shakespeare agrees
with Gill, and, for that matter, with contemporary
poets, in giving at least two different values to
F. and L. weakly stressed, and possibly unstressed,
-y, one of them being [ij] (or [ii]), the other [ii] (or
[n]), lengthened from [i] (or [i]), on account of the
secondary and rhythmical stress. In prose he may
have regularly adopted the short [i] (or [i]) prevailing
in Gill's transcriptions, who, however, remarks in a
passage already quoted by Ellis (III, p. 869 ; cf. Jiriczek's
reprint, p. 134): "Numerus poeticus proparoxytonis in
[i] saepe ultimam productam acuit; ut, miser j, kon-
stansj, destinj : unde etiam in prosa fere obtinuit, ut
ultima vel longa vel brevi sequaliter scribantur, et pro-
nuncientur, non acuantur tamen."
I have, therefore, transcribed -y in riming words
partly as [i:] , partly as [ij] , partly in both ways,
according to the rimes. Neutral cases follow the
majority, i. e. they are counted as [ij]. At all events,
the above rimes in -ee, -e and in -y do not entitle us to
ii. R,sxe:. 15
presume that [ii] and [ij] were not kept perfectly
distinct in the pronunciation of Shakespeare. This con-
clusion is confirmed by the rimes in -ee, -e and in -y
occurring in the plays (cf. Ellis, III, p. 959).
§ 11. Rimes in [i:] and [e:]. BEFORE LABIALS.
Seems : extremes VA 985, and deems \ extremes RL
1336, are considered by Ellis (p. 958) as cases of [ii]
riming with [e:]. The latter sound in the second riming
word is indeed indicated by the Q spelling extreames
VA 987, and countenanced, not only by the frequent
similar spellings with ea, 15th to 17th c., but by an
actual Shakespearian rime , viz. extreme : dream S
129. 10 (extreame Q). In the above passages, Shake-
speare seems to use the regular [ii] , derived from
M. E. g = O. F. e, L. e, and represented by Mod.
E. ee in proceed, discreet, &c. But the spelling
extreem(e) is certainly exceptional in early Mod. E.,
the only instance given in N. E. D. being extreemest,
from Shakespeare's Timon 3. 5. 54 (1607). As extreme
is a learned word, the opener sound [e:] need not be
due to the influence of the preceding [r]. Cr$te by
the side of Crvte in Chaucer would be analogous,
but also Polyph^te for Polyphvte is used by Chaucer
(cf. Cromie's Rime-Index, p. 124; Ten Brink, p. 48).
Relieveth : upheaveth VA 484, and grieving : leav-
ing WT 4. 1. 18, however, are cases in point. — On
the rimes sleeve : Eve LL 5. 2. 321, and sleeve : believe
CE 3.2.23, Ellis remarks (1. c.): "These may be
perfect; the first is rather doubtful." The second
certainly is perfect, sleeve being O. E. sUfe (W. S.
sliefe\ with ^ = /-mutation of 6a, i. e. with the same
vowel as in believe. The vowel of Eve is O. F. e
from L. e; so this rime also seems perfect.
16 VOWELS. — [i:] IN BE. [Chap. II.
BEFORE DENTALS. S 62. 9 we have indeed riming
with read v. This ought to be [riid], a pronunciation
recorded, if rejected, by Gill (cf. the early and hence
equivocal spellings reede 15th to 16th c., reed 16th c.).
O'erread v., on the other hand, rimes with dead
S 81. 10, which, as many rimes show, was with Shake-
speare regularly [ded]. Still there is a threefold rime
connecting read v. with [i:]-words in one of the plays,
viz. reading : proceeding : weeding : a-breeding LL
1.1.94.
Sweet : Crete H6 4. 6. 55 , and sweet : discreet
RJ 1.1. 200 (Ellis, 1. c.), are not necessarily cases of
[i:] riming with [e:]. The ee of discreet (observe
the recognized spelling, as also discreete 16th to
17th c.) is L. e. It is the same with the first e of
Crete, though Chaucer employs £ as well as g in this
and similar proper names (cf. p. 15).
But there are beseech' d : impleach'd LC 207, and
beseech thee : teach thee VA 404, with which cf. be-
seech : teach TC 1. 2. 319, and beseech you : teach you
P 4. 4. 7 (Gower). Although g is not unheard of in
M. E. techen = Mod. E. teach (cf. Kluge, p. 1042),
[ti:tj] is not a probable 16th and 17th c. form. If
Ellis says (p. 957) that "possibly beseech . . . retained
its old sound (beseetsh-)," i. e. [be'seitj], "as leech retained
the sound of (leetsh)," i. e. [le:tj], "beside the newer
sound (liitsh)," i. e. [li:tf], it is to be objected that
the ee of beseech is M. E. g from O. E. 6 = /-mutation
of o; the ee of leech, M. E. g = O. E. (Mercian) e*,
alternating with M. E. $ = W. S. &. So in leech :
each Tim 5. 4. 84, the word is actually spelled Leach
in the F, and the [e:] is recorded by Smith, as well
as the [i:] (cf. leache 16th c., leach 16th to 19th c.).—
§ 12.] APPARENT RIMES IN [i:] AND [e]. 17
Speech : eche v. P 3. 14, likewise mentioned by Ellis,
presents no difficulty, eche being M. E. vchen = O.
Mercian ecan, W. S. iecan. It is spelled eeche, eech
14th to 17 the. (there are also spellings with ea, the
word being perhaps influenced by each a., or, less
probably, by eke s. =• O. E. e'aca).
§ 12. Apparent rimes in [ii] and [e]. BEFORE
LABIALS. Fever : never S. 119. 8, and even s. : heaven
VA 495; S 28.12, 132.7, might be considered as
rimes in [i:] and [e]. We should indeed expect fever
to have [i:], whether from O. E. ^ or from O. F. ie.
The spellings feaver 16th to 18th c., feavour 17th c.,
and faver in the modern Norfolk dialect (E. D. D.,
s. v.; cf. Ellis, V, p. 265), however, jtoint to [e;]
(rather than [e]) from M. E. $ = L. short e. Also in
never Shakespeare may have pronounced [e:], instead of
[e], at least in rimes. Gill as a rule has [e] in ever
and in never, but once [ei] in either word.— For even s.,
we have only Gill's [i:] in evening. Yet [e:] is no less
possible, the vowel answering either to O. Mercian ^
or W. S. £, i. e. either to M. E. e or ?. The word is
spelled with ea in both instances in the Q of S. Heaven
(O. E. €j eo in an open syllable, M. E. g, e) has [e]
according to Bullokar, but [e:] according to Gill; we
may adopt the latter sound as probably Shakespearian.
BEFORE DENTALS. If we rely on modern editions,
we find deeds to rime with sheds v. S 34. 14 (Ellis,
III, p. 958), and bleeds, proceeds with the same
form (this rime not mentioned by Ellis) RL 1551. The
difficulty is removed by consulting the Qq, which in
both cases read sheeds. Sheed, with ee = [ii], must
be a new formation, on the analogy of feed, pt. fed,
and similar weak verbs; the O. E. form being sceadan
Victor, Shakespeare's Pronunciation. I. 2
18 VOWELS.— [i] IN LIP. [Chap. III.
(from scddari), reduplicative strong pt. scdd; M. E.
sch$den} weak pt. schedde (like fedde, &c.). Sheed
is still used in dialects in a great part of England
and Scotland (also in Warwick). The reading of the
Qq ought certainly to be restored.
The rime field : held S 2. 2 has already been
disposed of.
CHAPTER III.
VOWELS. — [i] IN LIP.
§ 13. General value. The present z — [i]7 or
more exactly [i], seems to have preserved its sound
from M. E. and even O. E. times. A distinction is
indeed made by the early Mod. W. authorities (Hymn
to the Virgin, and Salesbury) between / before the
front consonants ght, ng, nk, and sk, or y final, and
/ in other positions; the former being expressed by
W. if i. e. [i], the latter by W. y, i. e. a "mixed" sound
[i'], between [i] and [u] , still occasionally used by
Welshmen for E. [i], or [i]. If such a difference really
existed early in the 16th c., there is, at all events,
nothing else to prove it. Smith considers short / as
the short of M. E. i (in I, &c.)7 which he still pro-
nounces, or thinks to pronounce, as simple [i:], not as
[ij] or [ei] ; his rendering of M. E. e (in be, &c.) being
a sound between [e:] and [i:]. By the other autho-
rities of the time short / is paired with the new [i:]
from M. E. g. Gill is quite explicit on this point, in
a passage already alluded to in § 8: "I, est tenuis,
aut crassa: tenuis est brevis, aut longa: sic notatur it
ut in sin SINNE peccatum: longa sic 'i. ut in sin
§ i4«] RIMES IN [i] AND [ij]. 19
SEENE visus, a, urn" (Ellis, I, p. 114; Jiriczek, p. 24).
In the time of Cooper, short i certainly was [i], for i
in will and ea in 'weal (i. e. M. E. & then = [e:])
are given by him as a pair of short and long vowels,
whilst ee in meet represents the short of ee in meed.
As will be seen from the rimes, Shakespeare's short
/ was probably wide, = [i], with a tendency to be-
coming "mixed" before [r] in a closed syllable.
§ 14. Rimes in [i] and [ij]. As with [i:] (§ 9),
so [i] also rimes with [ij], the vowel sound developed
from M. E. $.
BEFORE LABIALS. Unlived \ deprived : derived
RL 1754 (Ellis, III, p. 959) does not belong here,
^mlived being derived from the s. life, pi. lives, with
[ij], and not from the v. live, with [i]. Live, however,
rimes with contrive, JC 2. 3. 15, as restoratives with
lives s. P 1.8.
BEFORE DENTALS. For parasites , riming with
wits VA 848, the correct reading is that of the Q,
parasits (cf. N. E. D., s. v.). Collatine, on the other
hand, riming with line RL 819 (Ellis, 1. c., but there
are many similar rimes), probably has i = [ij]. Again,
there is no reason for doubting the v of wind s., which
rimes with find, e. g. S 14. 6 (not, as Ellis says, RL
760), or of any other riming word in -ind in the poems,
quoted by Ellis, 1. c. But there is Inde ("Ind," i. e.
[ind], according to Gill) riming with blind LL 4. 3. 222,
and (spelled Ind in the Globe ed.) with lined, mind,
and wind s. AY 3. 2. 93 , the word Rosalind also
participating in this rime. No reason is apparent for
mentioning Eton : pavilion LL 5. 2. 658 in this connec-
tion, as is done by Ellis, whilst the rimes Longaville :
compile LL 4. 3. 133, Longaville : mile LL 5. 2. 53,
2*
20 VOWELS.— [i] IN LIP. [Chap. III.
on one hand, and Longaville : ill LL 4. 3. 123, on the
other hand, are again instructive, especially— as all
the rimes of this group — with regard to the pronun-
ciation of M. E. i = [ij].
BEFORE VELARS. There is one more significant
rime of this kind, viz. quickly : unlikely VA 990.
§ 15. Rimes in [i] and [e:]. Only the doubtful
poem LC can be adduced, where enrich'd LC 208
rimes with empleach'd, as with beseech' d (cf. § 9).
§16. Rimes in [i] and [e]. BEFORE LABIALS. Shift:
theft RL 920 can be explained away by a dialectal
form *thift from W. S. p{efp, pifp (also M. Kentish
piefpe), or from O. N. pyfp. But it may be a case of
[i] riming with [e].
BEFORE DENTALS. Wit : yet VA 1008 becomes
correct by the adoption of the common form yit (O. E.
g& and git), recognized by Smith and Gill (Jiriczek,
p. 228); cf. sit: yet RJ 2.3.75; wit: yet LL 4.2.35
(Ellis, III, p. 958).— Ditty (ditte Q) rimes with pretty
PP 15. 199 (anonymous). The present [i]-sound, if not
recorded by the orthoepists before the second half of
the 18th c., appears in the F spelling pritty TC 4. 2. 4.
In this, as in other words of this group, the change
must be due to the following dental (O. E. -at- and
-cett- ; M. E. vowel, a, and probably *g).
Imprinted : contented VA 511 is a rime in [i]
and [e].
This is probably also the case with kill : sentinel
VA 652, although there is a form kelle 15th and
16th c., and also (rare) in M. E. Smith and Gill
(Jiriczek, p. 192) have [i].
The pronunciation of spirit— in spirit -.merit S
108. 2— is doubtful. Gill (Jiriczek, p. 213) everywhere
§ 1 6. RIMES IN [i] AND [e]. 21
retains the first * = [i] in his re-spelling, and no [e]
seems to be mentioned by the orthoepists of the time.
But [e] was commonly pronounced in this word during
the greater part of the 18th c., as is shown, e. gv
by the quotation from Nares in Fliigel's Dictionary, I,
s. v., where also sper(r)it and spurret as spellings of
later vulgarisms are to be found. — The influence ot
the following [r] can hardly be questioned in words
with / before r in a closed syllable, as birds: herds
VA 455 (or birth : earth MW 5. 5. 87). These cases
will be treated in connection with the rimes in [ir]
and [ur] (§ 17).
Thither : weather (not as Globe ed. and Ellis read,
hither : weather) RL 113, and thither : whether PP
14.190 (anonymous), are easily amended by intro-
ducing the variant thether. Besides M. E. forms with e,
the spelling thether occurs in Tyndale (1525) and the F
(Lummert, p. 18), and Lediard remarks, exactly two
hundred years after Tyndale, that the vowel in this
word is "almost" short e. Thither also rimes with
together TC 1. 1. 118. The analogous adverb hither,
which shows the same variations (cf. N. E. D., and
observe Butler's rendering [heder]), occurs in rimes
with leather CE 2. 1. 84, together AY 5. 4. 119 (song),
and weather AY 2. 5. 44 (song ; Ellis, 1. c.). Together,
on the other hand, has the well-known M. E. and early
Mod. E. variant togither, which might be admitted,
in accordance with the Q spelling, in the rime whither:
together VA 904. Yet there is again the alternative
of whether for whither, the e being certified to, also
in this word, by Bullokar and Butler.
We have another clear instance of [i] riming with
[e] in commission : impression VA 568.
22 VOWELS.— [i] IN LIP. [Chap. III.
Altogether the number of such rimes is so small
that they are hardly of any assistance in proving the
supposed wide quality of [i].
§ 17. Rimes in [ir] and [ur]. The occurrence of
rimes in -ir and -ur, as first : accurst VA 1 1 18, first :
curstVA 888, stir: incur RL 1471, stir -.spur VA
283, to the exclusion of other rimes in short / and
short u , might appear a primd facie evidence for
both vowels having been changed by the following [r]
to an obscure "mixed" vowel [3]; all the more so, as
both ir and ur have become "coronal" [a:] (i. e. [a:]
pronounced with raised tongue-point) in Northern E.,
and simple [31] in the South. But it is well-known
that in Sc. and West of England pronunciation ir and
ur are even now perfectly distinct, and that, to use
the words of Dr. Murray in his General Explanations,
N. E. D., I (1884), p. XXIV, "the sounds in fir and
fur are"— or were then — "discriminated by the majo-
rity of orthoepists."
Turning to Walker's Dictionary (3rd ed., 18027
§ 108) we find that when the letter i "is succeeded
by r, and another consonant not in a final syllable,
it has exactly the sound of e in vermin, vernal, &c.
as in virtue, virgin, &c. which approaches to the sound
of short u; but when it comes before r, followed by
another consonant in a final syllable, it acquires the
sound of u exactly, as bird, dirt, shirt, squirt, &c."
But "when r is ... the final letter of a word with
the accent upon it, the i goes into a deeper and broader
sound , equivalent to short e , as heard in virgin,
virtue, &c. So fir, a tree, is perfectly similar to the
first syllable of ferment, though often corruptly pro-
nounced like fur, a skin" (ib. § 109). The exceptions
§ 1 7.] RIMES IN [ir] AND [ur]. 23
to the rule referring to bird, &c. are mirth, birth,
gird, girt, skirt, girl, whirl, and firm, where i is pro-
nounced like e ; the exceptions to the rule including fir
are sir and stir, which are pronounced as if written
sur and stur. So with Walker ur in words of this
type is always = "ftr" ("ft" being the same sound as
in up), er = "er" ("e" as in let), whilst ir wavers
between "er" and "fir."
It will be seen that of the rimes quoted from
Shakespeare in the preceding and present sections,
viz. (1) birds iherds (and birth : earth) , (2) first:
accurst, first : curst, stir : incur, stir : spur, only the
first does not conform to Walker's rules, inasmuch as
bird ought to exhibit the ur of the second, instead of
the er of the first group.
Let us compare Gill. In his phonetic notation
three pronunciations for er, ir, and ur are distinguished.
Fir he writes "fir," err, "er," murmur, "murmur,"
&c. ; so also "ir" in first (9 times) and in stir (twice ;
there is no instance of birth). Yet we find "ir" in
bird(s) once only, against seven cases with "ur";
similarly dirt is given as "durt."
The question arises, why ir in certain words is
turned into ur. There might be etymological causes.
Where / answers to O. E. y = /-mutation of uf we
may expect M. E. (South- Western) byforms with u
= [y], i. e. F. u. Such is the case with first (O. E.
fyrsta) and stir (O. E. styriari); see M. E. w-forms
for first, Stratmann-Bradley (s. v. fiirst) and N. E.
D., and for stir, Stratmann Bradley (s. v. stiirien).
There is no furste or furst later than the 15th c.
in N. E. D. ; but stir has u e. g. in both Qq in the
24 VOWELS. — [i] IN LIP. [Chap. III.
rimes in question; it is written stur RL 1471, and sturre
VA 283.
As to bird, the case is different. Bird is O. E.
brid, M. E. brid, bird; there is not even a M. E. or early
Mod. E. spelling *burd. Gill's [u] for [i] in this word
must be due to the following [r], and possibly the
initial [b] (but we have the same development e. g.
in dirt, from O. N. drit, also spelled durt 15th to
17th c.). On account of the following [r] the tongue
position for [i] was probably retracted, [i] thus ap-
proaching "mixed" [i] (§ 5). The [u] in wr-words, such
as spur, curst, may have been affected by [r] in a
similar way, but in an opposite direction, thus becoming
"mixed" [ti] (ib.). On the other hand, also [e] before
[r], in words like err, herd, being driven towards
"mixed" [e], and thus becoming somewhat obscure,
there would be a certain attraction between [ir]7
verging on [i'r] , and [er] , verging on [er] , which
might account for their being merged in [er], or rather
[er], by the time of Walker. It will also serve to
explain rimes such as birds : herds, even if Shake-
speare resisted the tendency of [bird] turning into
Gill's "burd" (and later into Walker's "Mrd").
There are no other Crimes in the poems. Ellis
(p. 965) also mentions first -.worst TS 1.2.13. In
worst , o after w is the M. E. spelling for u (late
W. S. wursta, from wierresta, wyrsta), and the rime
is in keeping with those quoted from VA. Rimes in
er, as well as in ur, are, however, abundant in our
texts, and they are always strictly kept apart; verse
e. g. riming with disperse or rehearse, and worse
(cf. worst) with curse or nurse, but never verse with
curse, &c. I am inclined to think that Shakespeare
§ 1 8.] GENERAL VALUE. 25
pronounced stir (or stur) = [stur], first probably =
[furst] (or else, of course, [first]), and bird = [bird],
a tendency to a "mixed" articulation being granted
in every case.
CHAPTER IV.
VOWELS. — [ij] IN BY.
§ 18. General value. While M. E. e = [e:] slowly
developed into [e: •«•], [i: T] (or perhaps [n]), and [i:],
M. E. i = [i:] was gradually diphthongized by splitting
into an opener first, and a closer second part of the
original simple sound, the result being a compound of the
type [ii]. The two parallel processes extending over a
period reaching from at least the 15th to the 17th c.,
we cannot be surprised if the descriptions and render-
ings of M. E. i in the 16th c. are not altogether
concordant. The most conservative are those of Smith
and Bullokar. Smith introduces "i'" as a sign for long
if pairing it with short /(Ellis, I, p. 112, who, however,
erroneously considers Smith's ""i" to mean [ei]).
Similarly Bullokar (Ellis, p. 113) treats his % as the
long of short i.
Palsgrave's hints as to the nature of i are, if not
enigmatical and perplexing, as Ellis thinks (p. 109),
yet at all events less decisive. In the passage already
quoted, in part, in § 8, he says that the sound of F. i
is almost the same as that of E. e in a bee, "a little
more soundynge towards i, as we sound it with us/'
As he compares e in bee, he is probably thinking of
E. i, not of /. If such is the case, his meaning is that
26 VOWELS.— [ij] IN *Yt [Chap. IV.
F. / was neither = E. g in bee, nor = E. i in by,
but intermediate between both. In other words, E. i
was narrower, and E. £ wider than F. i. Now as F.
/ was itself narrow, E. I, as Palsgrave spoke and heard
it, must have been— in part, rather than wholly— an
abnormally narrow [i;], i. e. something like [ij]. It is
true that Palsgrave makes no difference between E.
i in by, and initial or final F. / in ymage, estourdy,
&c., nor between E. wi irtswyne, and F. «/in conduyre ;
that is to say, he in these cases overlooks the diphthongi-
zation of E. $, which, of course, can only have been
slight.
Even Gill, who wrote nearly a century later than
Palsgrave, objects to calling his i a diphthong; rather
describing it (Ellis, I, p. 114; Jiriczek, p. 24) as "*
crassa," and cautiously adding: "fere est diphthongus
ei; sed quia sono exilior paul6 quam si diffunderemur
in e, retinebimus antiquum ilium et masculum sonum
. . . eumque signabimus hoc characterey." Moreover,
we find Gill counting "ei pro /" among the Mopsarum
fictitice proscribed by him in his preface (Jiriczek,
p. 13). If the sound was between the original 1 and
the diphthong ei, it can only be interpreted as a
slightly diphthongized (i:], probably [ii]. I cannot,
therefore, agree with Luick, who considers Gill's i
("j") as = [ei], and still less with Ellis and Sweet,
who explain it as [si], a newfangled pronunciation, if
existing in his time, that would certainly have shocked
so conservative an orthoepist as Gill.
Other speakers, however, contemporary with Pals-
grave, Smith, Bullokar, and, as we saw, Gill, indeed
pronounced, or at least heard, E. i as a real diphthong,
= [ei], or perhaps more exactly [ei], a type inter-
§ i9.] RIMES. 27
mediate between [i'i] and [ai], and, indeed, presupposed
by [ai], which latter development was reached later
on, and is still recognized in the phonetic notation of
the N. E. D. Thus the Hymn to the Virgin has "ei,"
"abeiding," "Kreist," for /, abiding, Christ (Sweet,
H. E. S., p. 229); Salesbury, "ei," "ddein," for /, thine;
Hart, "reid bei," for ride by; and the latter says ex-
pressly: "Out of all doubt, no nation of the foresaide
but we and the Scottish, doe at any time sound i, in
the aforesayde sound of efj (Ellis, p. 113).
At all events the difference between [d], or, as
we prefer to write, [ij], and [ei], cannot have been
very marked. Gill himself, whose remark that "zcrassa
fere est diphthongus ei*9 has just been mentioned, whilst
rendering / "ego" by "j" or "/' crassa" = [ij], prefers
this diphthong in the word eye "oculus," and even
substitutes "ei" = [eii] for both "j" = [ij], and "ei"
= [ei] in the word ay "etiam"; notwithstanding the
fact that ay is invariably spelled / in the Qq and
F, that / and eye both presuppose M. E. i, and that
all three are treated as equivalent in sound, not only
by Smith in the passage alluded to, but also in Juliet's
well-known speech, RJ 3.2.45—51. Gill himself
(Jiriczek, p. 30) insists on the affinity between his "j,"
"ei," and even "ei," in saying of eye and ay: "ubi
tamen sonus vocalis, exiguum distat ab illo qui auditur
in djn tuus, et nijn meus." We can hardly doubt
that the distinction made by Gill as to I, eye and ay
was merely artificial.
§ 19. Rimes. It has been shown in § 10 that
the numerous rimes in weakly — and rhythmically —
stressed final -y and in -ee , -e do not prove any
great similarity of sound for accented -y (from M. E. i)
28 VOWELS. — [iu] IN DUE. [Chap. V.
and -ee (from M. E. g)1; the fact being that weakly
stressed -y was pronounced in two ways, viz. as [i:],
and as what we have taken to be [ij].
A great deal more can be inferred from the rimes
in [i] and [ij] set forth in § 14, such as quickly : unlikely
VA 990, live : contrive JC 2. 3. 15. Evidently Shake-
speare's [ij] from « was still so near to the old [i;]-sound
that, like the new [ii], from g, it could be joined in
rime to [i] = /. This double usage reminds us of the
twofold pairing of /, both with $ = [ij], and with e
= [i:], on the part of the orthoepists of the time
(§§ 13, 18).
There are no new categories of rimes, either in
the poems, or in the plays, to modify the conclusion
that Shakespeare pronounced M. E. %, not as a clear
diphthong [ai], or even [ei], but as a slightly diphthon-
gized [ii] or [ij] after the model of Gill. Ellis (p. 963)
indeed records a number of cases, both from the poems
and the plays, of "long i [riming] with eye and ay" and
of "oy with long /." But his eye and ay are the s.
eye (including the pi. eyne) and the int. ay respectively,
on which see § 18; and oy supposed to rime with long
i only occurs in groin: swine VA 1116, where the
older form grine is to be substituted for groin (cf.
N. E. D., s. v.).
CHAPTER V.
VOWELS. — [iu] IN DUE.
§ 20. General value. M. E. eu = [eu], from
O. E. dow (e. g. in knew pt), and M. E. ft == [y;]
1 Die v. : he TC 3. 1. 131 (in a song) may or may not
be meant for a rime.
§ 20.] GENERAL VALUE. 29
(the F. w-sound), from O. F. u (e. g. in vertu, the
present virtue), were even in M. E. confused in spelling
and in rimes. They seem to have been pronounced
in later M . E. promiscuously either as [eu] (with close
[e]), or as [y:]. In early Mod. E. we find the two
corresponding pronunciations [iu] (probably tending to
[iu:]) and [y:]. The former is confirmed by the Lam-
beth Fragment (1528; Ellis, III, p. 815), Sainliens (1566;
Ellis, p. 838), a Grammaire Angloise (1639; Phon.
Stud., Ill, p. 189), Wilkins (1668; Ellis, I, p. 176),
and others; the latter e. g. by Cheke (1555; Ellis,
p. 165), Smith (1568; Ellis, p. 166), Du Gres (1636;
Phon. Stud., Ill, p. 192), Wallis (1653; Ellis, p. 171),
Offelen (1687; Eng. Stud., X, p. 364). This duality
of usage cannot be better illustrated than by once
more quoting (from Ellis) the respective passages of
Wilkins and Wallis, who were not only contemporaries,
but, in the words of Ellis, "lived as fellow collegians
for some time in Oxford" and "mixed in the same
society."
Wilkins says: "As for the u Gallicum or whist-
ling u, though it cannot be denied to be a distinct
single vowel; yet it is of so laborious and difficult
pronunciation to all those Nations amongst whom it
is not used (as to the English) . . ., that though I have
enumerated it with the rest, and shall make provision
for the expression of it, yet I shall make less use of
it, than of the others; and for that reason, not pro-
ceed to any further explanation of it."
Wallis, on the other hand, after speaking of
[ui], expresses himself thus: "Ibidem etiam" (i. e. "in
labiis") "sed Minori adhuc apertura, formatur u exile;
Anglis simul et Gallis notissimum. Hoc sono Angli
30 VOWELS. — [iu] IN DUE. [Chap. V.
suum u longum ubique proferunt (nonnunquam etiam
eu et ew quae tamen rectius pronunciantur retento
etiam sono e masculi): Ut muse, musa; tune, modu-
latio . . . ; new, novus ; brew, misceo (cerevisiam coquo)
. . . Hunc sonum extranei fere assequentur, si di-
phthongum iu conentur pronunciare • nempe * exile litterae
u vel w praeponentes, (ut Hispanorum ciudad civitas,)
non tamen idem est omnin& sonus, quamvis ad ilium
proxim^ accedat; est enim iu sonus compositus, at
Anglorum et Gallorum u sonus simplex. Cambro-
Britanni hunc fere sonum utcunque per iw, yw, uw
describunt, ut in lliw color ; llyw gubernaculum navis •
Duw Deus, aliisque innumeris." The last sentence
gives a hint as to the right interpretation of W. uw}
used in the Hymn to the Virgin and by Salesbury
to express E. u and eu from M. E. u and cu. W. u
is now, and may have been at the time of Wallis,
"mixed" [*i], but appears, in the pronunciation of Sales-
bury, according to his own description, rather as "mixed
round" [ii]. Other authorities, e. g. Sherwood (1632;
Phon. Stud., II, p. 301), seem to imply another kind of
compromise between [iu] and [y:], viz. [iy]. But [iu]
and [yi] must be looked upon as the two characteristic
types.
It would hardly be worth while to consider testi-
monies that must remain more or less doubtful. In
the opinion of Ellis (p. 169), Gill is also "not so
distinct as could be wished." Gill says: "V, est
tenuis, aut crassa: tenuis v, ut in Verbo tu vz USE
utor; crassa brevis est u. ut in pronomine us nos;
aut longa u : ut in verbo tu us OOSE saturio, aut
sensim exeo more aquae vi expressae" (Ellis, 1. c. ;
Jiriczek, p. 24). From this passage, and from Gill's
§ 2i. 22.] RIMES IN [hi] AND [eu], [iu] AND [u:]. 31
notation, Ellis, after all, rightly concludes the value
(yy) = [y:] for Gill's "v." He is, however, mistaken
in saying that "Gill never alludes to any diphthong
(iu)." Ellis himself (III, p. 907) quotes the warning
"(yyz) non (iuz)" from Gill's preface (Ellis, I, p. 122 ;
Jiriczek, p. 13), where the latter pronunciation occurs
among the repudiated Mopsarum flctitice. So there
is no doubt about the side taken by Gill.
Whether Ellis is correct in ascribing [y:] also to
Shakespeare, is quite another question, which can only
be decided by examining his rimes.
§ 21. Rimes in [iu] and [eu]. We only find duty
riming with beauty VA 168, RL 497, and duties with
beauties RL 14. The eau in beauty is [eu], unless
[eau] is retained, as is done by Butler. We can hardly
doubt that Shakespeare rimed [iu] : [eu] , which is a
plausible rime, whereas [y:] : [eu] would be no rime
at all.
§ 22. Rimes in [iu] and [u:]. FINAL AND BEFORE
VOWELS. There are a considerably large number of rimes
between words of the present class (i. e. with M. E.
u — [y:] and eu) and the pn. you; e. g. new: you
S 15.14, 53.8/76.11.
Now the regular M. E. values of you (O. E. dow,
influenced by the nom. case ge) are [jo;u], riming with
knowe v. = [kno:u], e. g. in Audelay (Sweet, p. 357),
and [jui], riming with now = [nu:], e. g. in Chaucer
(ib.; and cf. Ten Brink, p. 24).
From the early Mod. E. authorities we learn that
the same two pronunciations still obtained, Gill's remark
(Jiriczek, p. 57) "Observa, prim6 you] sic scribi volere,
et ab aliquibus pronunciari; at a plerisque yii" i. e.
[jui], very well agreeing with the rest of the evidence.
32 VOWELS.— [iu] IN DUE. [Chap. V.
Gill continues: "tamen quia hoc nondum ubique obti-
nuit, paulisper in medio relinquetur," but practically
prefers [ju:], a form whose vowel, on account of its
frequently occurring unstressed, evidently had not
followed the example of now and other words with
M. E. ou = [uij in becoming [uw] in early Mod. E.
We should, therefore, in Shakespeare look for
rimes between you and words with early Mod. E.
[ui] from M. E. d = [o:], such as do, too; or else,
with early Mod. E. [ou] from M. E. [o(:)u], e. g.
know, show. None of either kind are to be found
in the poems, the only words riming with you being
adieu (twice), grew pt. (twice), new (3 times), threw,
pt., true (3 times), untrue (twice), all of them belong-
ing to the category under discussion.
We are led to ask: Was there a third pronun-
ciation of you, either [y:], or [iu], which Shakespeare
might have used ? Gill tells us there was. In his list
of Mopsarum fictitice previously alluded to, by the
side of "ius pro vz" (i. e. [y;z]), we read, "iu pro
yii" (i. e. [ju:]. This form — effeminate in the eyes
of Gill, easily explained, however, by unstressed [ju(:)J,
pu(:)] becoming a falling instead of a rising diphthong
—is clearly the one adopted by Shakespeare. It may
be worth noting that the pn. you is regularly spelled
u by Shakespeare's contemporary and countryman
Abraham Sturley, in his letters to Richard Quiney
(Halliwell-Phillipps, Outlines, II, pp. 57, 59). That also
the alternative [yi] was used for the pn. you by other
speakers is implied by Hart, in a passage quoted by
Weymouth (On Early E. Pron., London, 1874, p. 99).
You :do M 3. 5. 13 (Ellis III, p. 963), indeed runs
counter to Shakespeare's usage as to you. It is not
§ 22.] RIMES IN [iu] AND [u:]. 33
very probable that he should have once deviated
from his custom of pronouncing you = [iu], in favour
of the, to him, unfamiliar [ju:]. I would rather
explain you : do as a rime based on the unstressed
[u(;)] of [iu], and the stressed [u:] of do.
There are in the poems no rimes of words in
final -ew or -ue and words in -o or -oo, just as there
are none of you and words of this latter type. Yet
we have the rime suing : wooing VA 356. Wooing
is certainly [wu:ii)]; suing we have found to be [siuig].
The rime is by no means perfect, again resting upon
the unstressed [u(:)] of the first, and the stressed [u:]
of the second word, as in the case of you : do quoted
from M ; but it is improved by the further consonance
of the following twofold f-ii)]. — A similar case is
the rime abuse it: lose it H6 4.5.41.
BEFORE DENTALS. Then there are ruth and truth
riming with youth, the former PP 9. 127 (anon.) only,
the latter six times in S (and, therefore, once in PP 1
= S 138), once in LC. Youth, which has [ui] in
Chaucer's M. E. (youthe rimes with now-the av.), is
[ju:0], with [ui] preserved, according to Butler, [jy:0]
according to Gill (who, however, once writes "yuth"
= [ju0]). Gill's [jy:0] in Shakespeare's pronunciation
would be [jiu0], this probably being the earlier, [jy:6]
the later form; for [iu] may be explained here in the
same way as in the case of you ([j] being restored),
while [y:] is a regular equivalent for [iu]. The form
[jiu0] is actually given by Cooper (1685), who, by
the way, has also a mixed form [jiu] for you. Taking
[jiu0] as Shakespeare's rendering of youth, we get
perfect rimes for ruth -.youth ([riu0] : [jiu0]), and truth :
youth ([triu0] : [jiu0]).
Victor, Shakespeare's Pronunciation.!, ^rr^rr^t-.^^ 3
tt*
^ or
34 VOWELS. — [e:] IN SEA. [Chap. VI.
§ 23. Other rimes. One irregular rime is still
to be mentioned, viz. juice : voice V A 136. For voice
= [vois] we have the authority of Bullokar and Gill.
To judge by analogy, also [vu(:)is] seems possible, though
unlikely. The rime would then be [d5ius] : [vois], or
perhaps [d;;ius] : [vu(i)is], the vowels riming cross-wise.
It is not a good rime, but certainly much better than
[d;y:s] : [vois], or even [d;y:s] : [vu(:)is].
The remaining rimes from the plays enumerated by
Ellis (p. 962) confirm our general result that Shake-
speare did not rime "(yy, eu, juu)," i. e. [y;], [eu],
[jui], as Ellis believes, but [iu], [eu] (this only in
beauty, beauties), and again [iu]; or, in other words,
that he pronounced [iu] for the u in due.
CHAPTER VI.
VOWELS. — [e:] IN SEA.
§ 24. General value. M. E. $, which has now
become [ii], Southern E. [ij], in the great majority of
cases, in the Elizabethan era still differed from M. E.
g in retaining an [e:]-sound, whilst the close vowel e
was raised to [CIT], or [i], and finally to [ii] (§ 8). The
spelling ea ) which became general in the 16th c.,
served to distinguish [e;] from the new [i:], which, in
its turn, was mostly written ee. That [ei] = ea was
close [e:] in the last quarter of the 17th e., we know
from Cooper (Ellis, I, p. 83), who pairs cane and ken,
weal and will, need and meet; i. e. open [s.:] and [e],
close [ei] and [i], [ii] and half-long [i(:)]. Wallis (ib.,
p. 81) seems to indicate the same quality of [ei] in main-
§ 25.] APPARENT RIMES IN [e:] AND [i:]. 35
taining : "ea ef fertur nunc dierum ut ^ longum" ; but he
spoils his case by giving the same close quality to
[e] : "* profertur sono acuto claroque ut Gallorum
d masculinum." Short [e] is even now half-open in
Southern E., and open = [z] in Northern E., and we
cannot imagine Wallis to be correct in describing it
as close in the middle of the 17th c. (cf. Cooper's
cane and ken). At all events, [e:] was, up to that time,
generally considered as the long of £, e. g. in let.
So also by Gill, who says (Jiriczek, p. 24) : "E brevis
est hac forma e, ut in net rete: et longa sic, e; ut
in net NEATE. i. nitidus adjectivum." We shall not
be far from the truth in considering [e:] as about
mid-way between [i;] and [aei], or as "half-open," in
Shakespeare's time.
§ 25. Apparent rimes in [e:] and [i:]. Rimes in
[i:] and [e:] have been treated in § 11. A few cases
that might be thought to belong to the same group
will be mentioned in this place, as probably perfect
rimes in [e:].
BEFORE LABIALS. Theme (not M. E. t$me, but
L. thema, newly borrowed), riming with stream VA 770,
as with dream CE 2. 2. 183 (spelled theame both in
F of CE and in Q of VA), is an [e:]-word. In this
as in nearly all other cases of "ea [riming] with e"
mentioned by Ellis (p. 957) only the modern spelling
is concerned, not the actual pronunciation of Shakespeare.
BEFORE DENTALS. Scene (L. sccena = scena),
riming with unclean RJ prol. 2 (Ellis, 1. c.), is to be
compared with theme in the preceding paragraph.
It is similar with sphere (L. sphcera), riming with
everywhere MN 2. 1. 12, and (spelled spheare in F)
with clear MN 3. 2. 61. All the words in -ear, -eer,
3*
36 VOWELS.— [e:] IN SEA. [Chap. VI.
-ere that occur in the poems will be treated in the
rime-index as words with [e:]. Cheer s. rimes with
fear s. and v., hear, near, and worshipper (on which
see below), and is spelled cheare in the Q of RL in
four out of five cases (cf. also N. E. D.). Deer,
leer , and steer are mentioned by Kluge (p. 1040)
as words that do not seem to vacillate towards [e:];
yet deer rimes not only with here, but also with fear
s. VA 231 and 689, being in either case spelled deare
in the Q (cf. also N. E. D.). Gill has [e:] in cheerful,
but [ie] — before [r]— in deer. The words here and
severe are spelled heare (cf. N. E. D.) in six out
of ten cases in the Qq, and seveare in one out of
two. We are told by Bullokar that here was "some-
times" pronounced with [e:]. In all these words the
[ei] for [ii] is easily accounted for by the influence of
the [r] following, and is recognized in the received
spelling of appear, dear, hear, &c.
Similarly for pierce : rehearse R2 5. 3. 127 (Ellis,
p. 965) we have pearce : rehearse in F.
These (Ellis, p. 957) is also a word with [ei] (M. E. ?
through lengthening in an open syllable; cf. Gill).
It rimes with seas CE 2. 1. 20, and with please LL
1. 1. 49. The rime these : Simonides P 3. 24 (Gower)
forms no exception, L. -es (from Gr.--/]?) appearing as
[e:z] also in Pericles : seas P 4. 4. 9 (Gower), and (from
Gr. -ss) in Antipodes : displease MN 3. 2. 55.
§ 26. Rimes in [e:] and [e]. After what has
been said about the agreement in quality between [e:]
and [e], it cannot be surprising to find rimes in [ei]
and [e]. Unfortunately it is not always easy or even
possible to decide whether an apparent [e:] is not really
[e], and vice versa.
§ 26.] RIMES IN [e:] AND [e]. 37
BEFORE LABIALS. Leaps v. : steps s. VA 279.
Short [e] in leap is not out of the question, the spelling
leppe occurring 15th toj.7thc., and "lep" in various
dialects, also in Warwick (cf. the modern leapt pt.
and pp. with [e]). The only other rime in the poems
is leap : reap S 128. 5. Also in reap short vowels
occur. Still, it seems safer to retain [e:] in leap, as
Gill does. In the plays we have leap v. : unswept
MW 5. 5. 47. For heaven, see § 12. ,
BEFORE DENTALS. Matters become worse in ap-
proaching the dentals. As to dead and head, the rimes
(not only in the poems) leave no doubt about [e], Smith's
and Bullokar's vowel in head (Gill has [e;] in both
words) ; and, of course, spread pt. has the same vowel,
which is also probable in red (Smith and Gill: [e]),
riming with bed, dead, head (3 times), intituled, and
spread pt. Dread s. rimes once with bed RL 171,
but also once with mead VA 635. As, again,
dreadeth rimes with leadeth and pleadeth RL 270, we
shall hardly be wrong in deciding for [e:], the vowel
given by Smith, but we ought not altogether to exclude
[e]. Read : indeed S 62. 1 1, and o'er read \ dead S 81. 10
— the latter in all probability an [e;] : [e]-rime— have
been mentioned before (§ 11). There is only one rime
for lead s. (the metal), viz. dead VA 1072, and for
spread v., viz. buried S 25. 5. Smith and Gill give [ei]
in lead s. ; Gill, [e] in spread. At least in lead s. (ledde
occurs 15th to 16th c.) both vowels must be admitted.
Similar difficulties are connected with the words
in -eat. I have thought it best to leave it an open
question whether they belong to the group of words
terminating in [eit] or to that terminating in [et].
Sweat v. (O. E. <z = i-mutation from d) at present
38 VOWELS. — [e:] IN SEA. [Chap. VI.
belongs to the latter group, and [e] is the vowel
recognized by Bullokar, whilst Smith, Gill and Cooper
have [e:] (Gill, [e] only in the pt.). It rimes with heat
s. VA 175, and, again, with great LL 5. 2. 556. Both
heat (O. E. ^, as before) and great (O. E. ea) also
rime with get, where [e:], though not impossible, is not
likely (great: get RL 876, heat: get VA 91); great,
on the other hand, also rimes with defeat v. S 61.9,
and with seat s. RL 69. Then we have greater riming
with better S 119.12. This might be a survival of
M. E. (Chaucerian) gretter, with the well-known shorten-
ing in comparatives. But also in the positive great
a short vowel is common; cf. grett, grette 14th to
16th c., and the long list of counties with "gret" and
"grit" (this also in Warwick) in E. D. D. There
are fewer traces of [e] in heat, though they are not
wanting. The 16th c. authorities prefer [e:] m great,
among them Gill, who invariably writes "e," also in
greater, greatest, greatly, recording extra length in
"greet" ingens. No phonetic rendering of heat seems
to exist for our period; but this fact goes some way
to prove negatively the regular [e:].— Another rime
of this kind is entreats -.frets v. VA 73. Fret, an
old compound of eat, appears with a long vowel, both
in M. E. and in early Mod. E. (ci.freate,freat 16th c.).
But it would be rash definitely to ascribe this form
to Shakespeare on no other ground than a single rime.
Besides, eats : gets occurs AY 2. 5. 42 (in a song).
The same may be said as to a possible *dell
(cf. N. E. D. and E. D. D.) for deal s. riming with
knell PP 18. 271, i. e., in a doubtful poem.
Of greater interest are a few rimes in -ear (and
-eer) and weakly stressed -er. They are the following :
§ 26.] RIMES IN [e:] AND [e]. 39
appear : pioneer RL 1382; cheer s. and fear v. : wor-
shipper RL 89; near -.harbinger PT 8; bears v. :
characters LC 19. At the first glance, appear-,
pioneer looks like a rime in [e:] and [i:], if not in
[i:] and [i:]. But no doubt the Q spelling Pyoner is
correct (cf. enginer, &c. for engineer, N. E. D.), and
this case is analogous with the rest. I shall note these
words as instances of [er] , eventually [e:r] , in the
rime-index, fully agreeing with Jiriczek, who remarks
(p. LVII) on Gill's transcription "avenger" for avenger,
that in words of three syllables artificial lengthening
of -er (M. E. -er) through the influence of rhythmical
stress is quite plausible (he compares Spenser's rimes
mariner : tear, prisoner : there : dere : messenger, &c.,
quoted by Bauermeister, Zur Sprache Spensers, Frei-
burg, 1896, p. 64).— Cf. where : character AY 3. 2. 8
and several similar rimes from the plays (Ellis, p. 964).
An instance of [e;] and [e] followed by medial [rj
is weary : merry T 4. 1. 134.
The conclusion to be drawn from beard riming
with herd S 12. 8, herds with birds VA 456 (cf. § 17)r
is that both herd and beard have [e] (see Ellis on
J. P. Kemble's pronunciation of beard as bird, I, p. 82,.
and III, p. 965).— Tears s. : hers MN 2. 2. 92 may be
compared with bears v. : characters and similar rimes
treated above.
Neither (O. E. n<zgper\ like its congener either
(O. E. tfgper), is a word of doubtful phonetic cha-
racter. Of the two modern pronunciations, [naida] and
[niida] (or Southern E. [nijcte]), the former does not
concern us here; the latter is the early Mod. E. [e:],
first recorded by Cooper (1685). This may be the
continuation of M. E. $ther, with loss of / through
40 VOWELS. — [e:] IN SEA. [Chap. VI.
want of stress (ether occurs 13th to 16th c.), or it
may be one of Gill's Mopsarum fictitice, like "pre,
ue, sey de pro prat, wai, sai, dei" i. e. pray, way,
say, they. Gill himself has [ei] in (n)either, rarely
[e:i]; Smith, [ei]. There are two rimes in poems which
are of doubtful authorship, viz. neither : together PT 43,
and neither : whether PP 7. 102, probably rimes in [e:]
and [e], as the earliest authority for [e] in (n)either
is Lediard (1725), though an earlier shortening is by
no means improbable.
Breath and death frequently rime with each other,
and once with bequeath RL 1178-80, once with
vanisheth RL 1038-40. Besides, death rimes twice
with Macbeth, M 1. 2. 64 and 3. 5. 5 (as also heath
does once, M 1.1.6), and once with bequeath (and
with breath) MN 3. 2. 167. As they both have ? in
M. E. (breath from O. E. <£, death from O. E. ^«),
and short e = [e] in present E., including most of the
dialects (long sounds in either word do, however, spora-
dically occur), it seems awkward to place them in
different classes, in regard to Shakespeare's pronun-
ciation, although breath has [e] in Bullokar and Gill
(4 times), and death [e:] in Gill (12 times). I equally
hesitate to retain the rather archaic [e:j in breath, and,
without any contemporary evidence, to ascribe [e] to
death, to the exclusion of the alternative sounds [e] and [e:].
Decease s. : confess VA 1002 is not a case in
point. The correct reading is that of the Q, viz.
decess(e) (cf . N. E. D.) ; cf . cesse, written for cease F,
and retained in the Globe ed. , in cesse : bless AW
5. 3. 72. There are also two regular rimes in the
poems showing the usual form decease, with vowel
lengthened before ss = [s]. We can hardly in like
§ 27.] RIMES IN [e:] AND [ae:]. 41
manner get rid of the difference in quantity in lease
s. : excess S 146. 5, or in releasing : possessing S. 87. 3.
Other cases in the plays are : peace : bless MN 5. 1. 425?
Pericles (cf. p. 36): oppress P 3.30 (Gower), in-
creasing (incresse is found 15th c.): blessing T
4. 1. 107.
Curiously enough, all the words in -east (now =
[iist], [ijst]) are found to rime exclusively with words in
-est (now = [est]); viz. beast with blest and jest;
east with rest ("repose") and west; feast s. and v. with
guest; least with possess'd (possest Q). There may
be added from the plays : beast : rest ("repose") CE
5. 1.84), beast: jest s. LL 2. 1.222, east -.detest MN
3. 2. 432, feast -.guest CE 3. 1. 26, &c. The quantity
of O. F. e, rarely of genuine E. e, before -st was un-
settled in M. E., and partly so in early Mod. E., jest
being spelled ieaste 16th to 17th c. (cf. ieastings :
pretestings in Q of PP 7. 96), and jester transcribed
"pester" = [dz,e:ster] by Gill. On the other hand,
M. E. £ from O. E. da and O. E. <z is sometimes
shortened when followed by -st; see east, least in
N. E. D. and E. D. D. But this does not entitle
us to deviate from the common usage. We should
certainly not know where to stop. Jest e. g. might
be set down as [d^eist], on account of the above rime
and Gill's transcription. The only other rime, jest:
crest VA 106, would not stand in the way, as creast
occurs for crest 15th to 17th c. Yet crest also
rimes with breast VA 395, and breast in its turn with
several other words whose [e] is hardly open to doubt.
§ 27. Rimes in [e:] and [ae:]. A few interesting
rimes belong to the present division. They are:
42 VOWELS.— [ei] IN SEA. [Chap. VL
defeature : nature VA 736, and defeated : created S
20. 11. Defeat v. rimes with great S 61. 11. There
is no reason to doubt the [ei] either of defeature or
defeated, although defeated : created looks like an eye-
rime ; the word created has the regular three, not two,
syllables in the verse. The extra syllables following
improve the effect ; cf . suing : wooing (§ 22).
§ 28. Apparent rimes in [ei] and [sei]. FINAL.
The vowel [e:] seems to rime with [gei] in key : survey
S 52. 1, as later pronunciations of key are [kei], [kii],
[kij]. The ey in this word is, however, of the same
origin as the ay (ey) in clay or grey, i. e. M. E. ei,
ai from O. E. teg; and I need only refer to the N. E. D.
for proofs that key had the same vowel as other words
of this class, not only in M. E., but down to the close
of the 17th c. Ellis's doubt as to whether key: may
MV 2. 7. 59 is meant for a rime (p. 957) is certainly
unfounded.— It is different with sea: play H8 3. 1. 10
(song). As a Shakespearian rime it would be [sei] :
[plaei], and must be pronounced suspicious.
BEFORE DENTALS. Whilst the [e:] of deceive
(twice deceave in the Q of S) and receive, Gill's vowel,
is proved by a sufficient number of rimes, receipt
rimes with conceit only, and conceit also once with
bait s. PP 4. 51 (anon.). Conceit and receipt might
certainly have [e:], as well as the verbs. It is, however,
far more probable that the author of this poem pro-
nounced [aei] in conceit, such an alternative being
fully established through variants of spelling (con-
sayte 15th to 16th c., resayte 15th to 16th c., res-
say t 15th c., resayt, ressait 16th c.); and the absence
of rimes such as conceit : great, receipt : heat, &c.
(there are not so many riming words in -ait as there
§ 28.] APPARENT RIMES IN [e:] AND [aei]. 43
are in -eat) leads us to think that Shakespeare also
pronounced [aei] in conceit and receipt. The probabi-
lity of this conclusion is increased by another rime
found in one of the plays , viz. conceit : wait LL
5. 2. 399. So we have conceit riming with receipt,
with bait (PP), and with wait (LL). The [aei] in
bait and in wait is not to be doubted; besides, their
belonging to the group of [ae]-sounds is pointed out
by the rimes bait -.state CE 2.1.94, and wait:
gate P 1. I. 79, i. e. rimes in [aei] and [ae:]. There
is no reason to believe with Ellis (p. 956) that Shake-
speare committed himself to such decidedly "false"
rimes as [bait] : [kon'se:t], [bait] : [stait], [wait] : [kon'seit],
[wait] : [gait] , instead of the partly imperfect , yet
tolerable rimes [baeit] : [kon'saeit], [baeit] : [stae;t], [waeit] :
[kon'saeit], [waeit] : [gae:t].
Coming to the word hair, we find half-a-dozen
rimes, three of them with words in -air , the other
three with words in -ear ; besides, there is hairs twice
riming with tears s. Of the rimes hair : dispair s.
S 99.7 and hair : dispair v. RL 981, Ellis says
(p. 957): 'There is no doubt that hair was (Heer),"
i. e. [heir], "and Gill gives (despair)," i. e., as I inter-
pret Gill's meaning, [des'paeir]. These two rimes, and
the similar third rime, hair -.fair a. LC 204, would,
consequently, be imperfect, whereas hair would rime
regularly, as [heir], with bear v. RL 1129, ear s.
VA 147, tear s. RL 1129, and likewise hairs with
tears s. VA 51, 191. Hair, or what seems to cor-
respond to it, was in M. E. certainly heer} i. e. either
h$r or hzr, and in O. E. h&r or htr, the regular early
Mod. E. developments being hear(e) and heer(e). One
of these parallel forms, viz. heare = [heir], is evidently
44 VOWELS. — [e] IN LET. [Chap. VII.
used by Shakespeare in his -ear rimes, and invariably
spelled heare, pi. heares, in the Qq. But this does
not exclude the alternative hair = [haeir], authorized
by the spellings haire in the Qq of S and RL, and
heire in the Q of LC, a form known from the 15th c.
onward as haire, heire, "which seems to be partly a
northern spelling, but mainly due to assimilation to
haire" (N. E. D.), haire being the obsolete noun
meaning "cloth made of hair." — There -.fair -.repair
TG 4.1.48 (song), and fere (peer Ff ) : heir P 1. 21
(Ellis, p. 957) would be the imperfect rimes [deir] :
[faeir] : [re'paeir], and [peir] : [haeir] in the pronunciation
of Shakespeare, whilst many of his contemporaries would
make them perfect rimes in [e:].
CHAPTER VII.
VOWELS. — [e] IN LET.
§ 29. General value. We have no means of de-
ciding whether early Mod. E. short e was in general
half-open, as the present Southern E. e, or open, as
the present Northern E. e in let. But there is no
doubt as to its having been a more or less open [e].
§ 30. Rimes in [e] and [ae], and various rimes
in [er]. Most of the irregular rimes in [e] and other
vowels having been discussed before, little remains to
be said.
Apart from cases with [r] following, rimes in [e]
and [ae] are astonishingly rare. We only find wretch :
scratch VA 703, and neck : back s. VA 593. Taken
§ 30.] RIMES IN [e] AND [ae], AND VARIOUS RIMES IN [er]. 45
by themselves, they seem to fix short a as [ae], rather
than palatal [a], but they tell us little or nothing as
to the exact value of [e]. l
As to rimes in -er final, there is in the poems
only one rime in weakly stressed -er and weakly
stressed -ar, viz. publisher riming with singular, and
at the same time with orator, RL 33. Another rime
of the latter type is ravisher : conspirator RL 770.
Besides there are rimes in weak -er and -ear (-eer), already
treated (§ 26), and, finally, rimes in weak -er and -ure.
This otherwise surprising diversity of usage is easily
explained by the fact recorded by Gill (Jiriczek, p. 14) :
". . . doctus, etymon intuitus, scribat divjn, skolar, onor,
kun^urer : at si indoctus suas aures sequutus scribat
devjn, skoler, oner, kun^erer, susque deque habeo."
Once more we find Shakespeare on the side of the
unlearned in pronouncing -ar, -or, -ur- as [er], pro-
bably approaching [er]. Observe the Q spelling singuler
RL 32. — Apparent rimes in -er = [er] and -ure =
[iur] are enter : venture v. VA 626, and tempering :
venturing VA 565. Yet -er for -ure is common, and,
in this very word venture, is authorized by Gill's tran-
scription "venter" = [venter], as well as indicated
by the Q spellings venter and ventringf : tempring)
in the two passages quoted above.
1 Penny, Jamy, many, occurring in a song, or rather
a "proverbial jingle" (Ellis), TS 3. 2. 85 , cannot be con-
sidered as a Shakespearian rime. The respective vowels
would indeed be [e] in every case, if we read Jemmy in-
stead of Jamy (cf . the modern Jemmy, jemmy), and adopt
the present [meni] for many (cf.— before Cooper— meni 13 th
to 14th c., meny 14th to 16 the., menny 16 the.; the only
rimes in the poems are with any, which is quite as equi-
vocal as many itself).
46 VOWELS. — [eu] IN FEW. [Chap. VIII.
Nor are heard pp. : regard : ward RL 306, and
the not infrequent rimes in -ert and -art really cases
of [e] riming with [ae]. Heard pt. and pp. was either
"herd" = [heird] or "hard" (twice) = [haeird] accord-
ing to Gill; [haeird] being lengthened from [haerd]
(— M. E. harde for herde), a form recognized e. g.
by Butler and Price, and evidently used by Shake-
speare as well.
Of riming words in -ert — present E. [91] we
have in the poems convert : art s. and v. : heart; desert
s. ("merit") : impart : part s. ; convertest: departest ;
deserts s. : parts s., and no other rimes. The change
is the same as the one carried out in the actual pro-
nunciation, and partly in the spelling, of hart, heart,
smart, &c. So also desert is spelled desart (Q of S) ;
heart, hart (twice S, 4 times VA) ; hearts, harts (RL),
and many other (16 the.) instances of similar spellings
might be adduced. The words in question were either
regularly (heart) or occasionally (convert, desert) pro-
nounced by Shakespeare with [as], answering to the
modern [a:], as also Gill has [ae] in desert in two rimes
with words in -art, but elsewhere [e]. To judge from
the rimes, the words learn; dearth, earth; hearse,
inhearse, reherse , on the other hand, had [e] (or
possibly [e:], which Gill gives just as often in learn,
and mostly in earth).
§ 31. Apparent rimes in [e] and [aei]. Said pt. and
pp., when riming with words in -aid, such as afraid,
aid, &c., is, of course, [sseid]. In said : read LL 4. 3. 194
(Ellis, p. 956), read is the pp., and said pt. seems to
be exceptionally = [sed], a form met with among
Gill's fictitice, but prevalent to-day.
Counterfeit s. might certainly be [-faeit] or [-fe:t],
§ 32.] GENERAL VALUE. 47
but it is also written -fet 13th to 17th c., and -fette,
-fett 15th to 16th c. As the only rimes are with set
v., S 53. 5, and with unset a., S 16. 8, Shakespeare
no doubt pronounced [-fet].
Pen : again S 79. 6 is an exceptional rime in the
poems. There are many others where again rimes
with other words in -ain, as brain, disdain, &c., and
the regular form with Shakespeare must have been
[ae'ggein]. But he may have occasionally used the
well-known variant [se'gen]. Another instance occurs
in LL 5. 2. 841, viz. then : again, whilst again rimes
with vein and amain in the same scene, 1. 547.
CHAPTER VIII.
VOWELS. — [euj IN FEW.
§ 32. General value. Beside M. E. eu from O. E.
eow, &c., there existed M. E. $u, mostly from O. E.
daw. As we saw in § 20, M. E. eu was confused
with M. E. u — [y:], and rendered in early Mod. E.
by [iu], or by [y;], the former being the Shakespearian
sound. M. E. e.u remained [eu] until the middle of
the 17th c., when Wallis mentions "iew," i. e. probably
[iu], and even "iw" = [iu], as a less frequent and
correct pronunciation for [eu]. His words are (Ellis, I,
p. 139): "Eu, ew, eau sonantur per e clarum et w.
Ut in neuter neutralis, few pauci, beauty pulchritudo.
Quidam tamen paulo acutius efferunt acsi scriberentur,
niewter, fiew, biewty, vel niwter, fiw, biwty; prae-
sertim in vocibus new novus, knew sciebam, snew
48 VOWELS. — [aei] IN NAME. [Chap. IX.
ningebat. At prior pronunciatio rectior est." The
former group of three words contains cases in point;
the latter, instances of M. E. eu = early Mod. E.
[iu], or in Wallis's own pronunciation, [y:].
Earlier orthoepists agree in making M. E. $u =
early Mod. E. [eu], only Gill representing the [e] as
long ("ecu").
§ 33. Rimes. There are very few rimes, of which
beauty riming with duty (twice), and beauties riming
with duties have been mentioned before (§ 23) as
rimes in [eu] and [iu]. The only other rime is dew :
few RL 24, a regular [eu]-rime. Final [eu] never
rimes with final [iu], as in crew, drew, &c., or blue,
due, &c., though about twenty such words are used
as riming words in the poems.
No new feature is presented by rimes found in
the plays.
CHAPTER IX.
VOWELS. — [aei] IN NAME.
§ 34. General value. Like most changes in pro-
nunciation, the change from M. E. [a:] to early Mod.
E. [aei] and eventually [e:] (later developed into close
[ei] and into the present E. [ei]) was not only gradual
but irregular, in so far as a certain class of speakers
still kept to the older sound, whilst others had gone
over to the newer one. Moreover, there is probably
no other vowel admitting of so many shades in pronun-
ciation as [a:]— this symbol here being meant to
comprise not only the exactly "neutral" [a:], but the
§ 34-] GENERAL VALUE. 49
links connecting what is heard as [ae:] on the one hand,
and as [01] on the other, with that sound, i. e. the
converging lower ends of the palatal and velar
scales. Supposing M. E. a to have been [a:]7 there is
a general tendency towards palatalization during the
period reaching from about 1500 up to the present
time. It is not at all surprising that foreigners
observed the palatalization earlier than the English
themselves, and even identified a sound that possibly
was "clear" [a:],1 or at most [ae;], with their own e,
i. e. [«:].
The Lambeth Fragment of 1528, in speaking of
F. a and e (Ellis, III, p. 815), says: "A. ought to be
pronounced from the bottom of the stomak and all
openly. E. a lytell hyer in the throte there proprely
where the englysshe man soundeth his a." This,
however, may have been written by an English-
man. In the following year, 1529, Geofroy Tory,
a Frenchman, expresses himself in this way (Phon..
Stud., V, p. 100): ". . . les Dames de Paris, en lieu
de A pronuncent E. bien souvent . . . Les Anglois ont
aussi ce vice de pronuncer E pour A. au moings quant
ilz parlent en Latin . . ." Du Guez (ab. 1532) saysr
in addressing English readers (Ellis, I, p. 60 — 1):
"Ye shal pronounce your a as wyde open mouthed
as ye can; your ey as ye do in latyn, almost as brode
as ye pronounce your a in englysshe." Quotations
to the same purpose might be given from Desainliens
(1566 and 1580), the Grammaire Angloise (1595), and
Erondell (1605). I shall only mention one more
1 In the present section I use the term "clear" [a] for
the more palatal sound usually distinguished from the more
velar sound by noting the former as [a], and the latter as [a].
Victor, Shakespeare's Pronunciation. I. 4
50 VOWELS. — [ae:] IN NAME. [Chap. IX.
passage from Du Gres, teacher of French in the Uni-
versity of Cambridge (1636; Phon. Stud., Ill, p. 190).
Of F. a he says: "A prommciatur ut apud Latinos,
Hispanos, et Italos7 non vere ut apud Anglos, quippe
quod ipsi tenuius pronuncient hanc vocalem, quam
aliae nationes. Sonat igitur a ut in istis vocibus,
CALL, SHALL; non autem ut in ABLE, SAME." And
of F. open e: "E apertum pronunciatur, ut in istis
vocibus Latinis, apertus, ceternus, paternus, et simili-
bus; videlicet ut in Anglicis FATHER, MOTHER, hoc
est, ut Anglicum a tenuissime, et delicatissime pro-
nuntiatum" (1. c., p. 191).
On the other hand, Palsgrave (1530), Salesbury
(1547—67), and Hart (1569) place E. a side by side with
F. and It. a, with W. a, and with G., It., F., Sp.
and W. a respectively. Yet Palsgrave's statement is
qualified ("The soundynge of a, whiche is most gene-
rally used through out the frenche tonge, is such as
we use with us, where the best englysshe is spoken,"
&c.; Ellis, I, p. 59); W. a is "clear" [ai] or even
[ae:], and is described as such by Wallis (1653; Ellis,
pp. 61 and 66); a in the Romance languages is mostly
"clear" [a] ; and both Salesbury (1567) and Hart take
care to remind their readers that G. a is sounded
more "fully in the mouth/'' or "broader," than E. a
(Ellis I, p. 61; III, p. 801). Cotgrave (1611), Hume
(1617), and Sherwood (1632) leave no doubt as to E.
long a being palatalized. Gill (1621) agrees with
Du Gres in describing the sound as "tenuis" (Ellis, I,
p. 64; Jiriczek, p. 24): "A, est tenuis, autlata: tenuis-
aut brevis est, ut in taldu TALLOWE sebum; aut de,
ducta, ut in tal TALE fabula aut computus: lata, ut
in tdl TALLE procerus. Hunc sonum Germani expri-
§ 34-] GENERAL VALUE. 51
munt per aa. ut in maal convivium, haar coma."
Wallis (1653) also agrees with Du Gres, illustrating his
"d exile" by such pairs of short and long as "bat vesper-
tilio; bate r discordiaj pal, palla Episcopalis; pale,
pallidus," &c., whilst "Germanorum d pingue" is said
to answer to E. an or aw (Ellis, p. 66). Furthermore
taking into consideration that Cooper (1685) declares
a in cane to be the long of e in ken, i. e. [si] or
even half-open [e:] , we can hardly be wrong in
ascribing the sound [ae:] rather than [a:] to the "thin"
a of Wallis, Du Gres, and perhaps even Gill. So the
average value of E. long a must have gradually de-
veloped during the 16th c. from neutral to palatal
[a:] ; yet by certain speakers even [ae:] may have been
reached as early as 1600.
This diversity or fluctuation of usage has also
been recognized by Luick, Sweet, and Ellis. Luick
(Anglia, XIV, p. 270) distinguishes two different de-
velopments of E. long a\ the first, represented by
Englishmen (and also the Welshman Salesbury),
reaching the sound [ae:] in the beginning of the
17th c. only; the second, represented by foreign, and
especially French, authors, arriving at [ae:] by the
middle of the 16th c., and at [e:] a century later.
The one is, according to Luick, the pronunciation of
scholars and courtiers, the other that of the middle
and lower classes. I do not find this latter division
borne out by the contemporary authorities, but agree
with Luick in thinking that short a became [ae] some-
what later than long a generally passed into [ae:].
Sweet similarly assumes (p. 211) that 16th c. a (long
and short) had been "fronted" — certainly as far as ad-
vanced palatal [a], and probably as far as [ae] — in the
4*
52 VOWELS. — [ae:] IN NAME. [Chap. IX.
London dialect, but that the tradition of the older
sound was still kept up by the influx of provincial
speakers. Ellis concludes (I, p. 65) that during the
16 th c. long a and short a had in general the sounds
of "clear" [a:], [a], but that [a:], [a] may have been
frequent at the beginning of that period and slightly
palatalized "clear" [a:], [a] (not really [ae;], [ae]) towards
its close. In his transcriptions from Shakespeare
he uses "(aa), (a)/' i. e. "clear" [a:], [a]. In my own
opinion, which is again mainly determined by the
rimes, Shakespeare pronounced a as [ae;].
§ 35. Rimes in [se:] and [«].' Irrespective of
words with a followed by [st], of words with strong
and weak forms, and of words in -age, stressed and
unstressed, there are very few such rimes in the
poems, and even these are doubtful.
To mention a rime from one of the plays first,
babe rimes with drab and slab M 4. 1.30; but bub
Was written for babe 15th to 17th c., and the short
vowel is still used in dialects '(e. g. in Warwick). On
the other hand, drabe is a 16th c. by form for drab.
BEFORE LABIALS. Similarly grapes is found to rime
with mishaps VA 601 ; but grape (from O. F. grape,
grappe) also occurs as grap 13th to 17th c., and
may have had [ae] in the above rime.
Labour -.father P 1. 1. 66 (in a riddle) is an imperfect
and doubtful rime, but fortunately of little consequence.
Against Gill's fl, we find a for the vowel in labour,
in Bullokar (as a for a in many other words). On
the other hand, the a of father may be a. Shakespeare,
however, rimes unfathered : gathered S 124.2. —
Chamber : amber WT 4. 4. 225 (song) is not an [aei] :
[ae]-rime. Gill has the short vowel in chambers (twice).
§ 35- RIMES IN [ae:] AND [ae]. 53
Have, which rimes with crave (PP 10. 137; anon.),
gave, grave (3 times), slave (3 times), and also re-
peatedly with similar words in the plays, has the long
vowel of these riming words, as has been stated by
Ellis (p. 955), in accordance with notations by Pals-
grave, Salesbury, Smith, and Gill. The [aer] is also
preserved in the curtailed form ha't, i. e. have it, in
the rime Kate : ha't TS 5. 2. 180. The modern pro-
nunciation of have, with short a, on the other hand, is
used by Bullokar, and frequently also by Gill, who
mentions it (Jiriczek, p. 137) as an instance of a vowel
being shortened on account of the rhetorical accent
falling on the following word.
BEFORE DENTALS. In shade-. sad MN 4. 1. 101,
shade can hardly be explained as *shad, from O. E.
scced, scead.
As to [sei] or [se] followed by [d;], there are half-
a-dozen instances of stressed -age riming with un-
stressed, or weakly stressed -age, in the poems; viz.
age : equipage , age : pilgrimage (twice) , assuage :
pilgrimage, rage -.marriage, sage -.marriage. Gill
has [ae] in Carthage, courage, pottage , poundage,
and even [i] between [r] and [d;] in marriage-
able , but in all these cases the stress falls on the
syllable immediately preceding the syllable -age (in
marriageable one of the vowels ia being mute),
whereas in the above riming words a weak syllable
intervenes (for also marriage is trisyllabic in the two-
fold rime RL 221). Walker, who describes (1. c., § 90)
"a sound approaching the short * " as occurring in
cabbage, village, &c., still recognizes the sound of long a
in a number of words belonging to this category, e. g.
in equipage, as also in ambassage and vassalage,
54 VOWELS. — [ae:] IN NAME. [Chap. IX.
two words riming together S 26. 3. We hardly run
any risk in ascribing [ae:] to all these words in Shake-
speare's rimes.
Gate ("door") : chat s. VA 424 is analogous to
grapes : mishaps alluded to above; ior gate (from O. E.
gatu, pi. of geat] is also spelled gat 12th to 16th c.,
and gatte 14th c.
With are the case is similar to that of have. The
riming words in the poems, with the single exception
of car S 7. 9, have [ae:]. They are care (4 times),
compare s. (twice), prepare, rare, snare, unaware.
Are with [ae:] is recorded by Bullokar, as also, though
comparatively not very often (7 times), by Gill, who
favours the shortened form [aer] (35 times). As the
modern development of [aer], viz. [a:j], [a:], is the
only received pronunciation, even where the word is
accented, we may decide for [aer] S 7. 11, retain-
ing [aeir] in all other rimes.
The quantity of a before [st] (as to [s], cf. place :
ass CE 3. 1. 46) was generally unsettled in M. E. in
words from the F., such as chaste, haste; but also
wast s., from O. E. wcestm (Mod. E. waist}, occurs
in the M. E. spelling waast, and the lengthening of
the vowel is confirmed by the modern pronunciation
and, to some extent, by the modern spelling. The words
in -aste and -ast appear in a state of fluctuation also in
Shakespeare's rimes. They seem to rime together
without any restriction; and although the riming
words in M. E. -ast, including wast s. , are only
spelled thus in the Qq, those in M. E. -aste mostly
lose their final -e , also misplaced being written
misplast S 66. 5. It is, of course, impossible to say
if these spellings are in any way to be connected with
§ 36.] RIMES IN [ae:] AND [aei]. 55
the poet himself. Of the riming words in M. E. -aste,
viz. chaste, haste s., taste s. and v., waste s. and v.,
the following are given by Ellis 's authorities with
the quantities here added: chaste— long, Gill (4 times,
but chastest — short, once, as Jiriczek's word-list shows ;
chasten — short, Bullokar; chastity— short, Gill); haste
s. — long, v. — short, Gill (once ; but long, once in hasted,
see Jiriczek; hastened — long-, hasty — short, twice);
waste — long, Smith, Gill (also in wasted), and probably
Cooper (but also short, once in waste a., Gill; the
exact proportions being with Gill: waste a. — short,
once; — long, once; s. -long, once; wasted — long,
3 times; wasteful— long, once; see Jiriczek). The
conclusion to be drawn for Shakespeare's rimes is
that a in all words in -aste (and in waist) may be
short, but that long a is by no means precluded.
§ 36. Rimes in [aei] and [aei]. FINAL. Syria:
say P 1. 19 (Gower) hardly looks Shakespearian.
BEFORE LABIAL AND DENTAL. The rime dame :
remain PP 18. 259 (of doubtful authenticity) is doubly
imperfect. — It seems worthy of note that in the last
stanza but two of LC, which, indeed, may or may
not be by Shakespeare, rimes in [ae:m] and rimes in
[aeim] are kept apart, viz. came: tame 309-11, and
aim : maim : exclaim 310-12-13.
BEFORE DENTALS. Mane : again VA 271 is the
only other instance of a rime in [ae:] and [sei] in the
poems. That Shakespeare's normal pronunciation of
again is that with [aei], has been shown in § 31, the
only exception being again : pen S 79. 8. The dental
[n] following the vowels makes the irregularity less
offensive ; cf . the spellings with ai instead of a before
I, n, r} and st} and vice versa, in the F, mentioned
56 VOWELS.— [ae] IN CAN. [Chap. X.
by Lummert (Die Orthographic der 1. Folioausgabe,
&c., Halle, 1883, pp. 3 and 7); another case in point
being the Q spelling bale (i. e. bail) S 133. 10, the
word riming with laile, i. e. jail. The Globe spelling
goal, though indeed a 16th c. form, is here mislead-
ing.— The old spellings of gait and waist (§ 35)
were gate and wast (Ellis, p. 956).
Real rimes in [ae:] and [aei] with following dental
from the plays are (not counting lady : may be, in a
doggerel , LL 2. 1. 207) : gate ("door") : wait P
1.1.80, state: bait CE 2.1.95, scales s. -.prevails
2 H6 2. 1. 204, wares s. -.fairs ("markets") LL 5. 2. 317.
§ 37. Rimes in [ae:] and [o]. The "rime" apish :
foppish KL 1. 4. 184, erroneously mentioned by Ellis
(p. 954) under the heading "Short a [riming] with
short o," is quite abnormal, though there are more
than half-a-dozen rimes in short a and short o in the
poems and plays (see § 40). It occurs in a quatrain
sung by the fool.
CHAPTER X.
VOWELS. — [ae] IN CAN.
§ 38. General value. As early Mod. E. short a
has been treated together with long a (in § 34), a few
additional remarks will suffice. That short a differed
from long a only in quantity, is clearly the meaning
of Salesbury, Smith, Gill, and Wallis. Whilst, however,
E. long a is compared to open e by F. authorities
from about the second quarter of the 16th c., they
as a rule consider E. short a as equal to short a in
F. up to 1650 and later. Even in the beginning
§ 38.] GENERAL VALUE. 57
of the 18th c., when E. short a had certainly reached
the stage of the present Northern E. , if not the
more palatal Southern E. [ae] in can, the G. gram-
marian Konig, who, indeed, seems to be influenced
by his E. and F. predecessors, says of E. short a : "wie
ein a im Hochteutschen, doch nicht mit so vollem
Munde, und etwas kurtz" (see my own Aussprache
des Englischen nach den deutsch-englischen Gramma -
tiken vor 1750, Marburg, 1886, p. 7).
There are, on the other hand, a few indications
that E. short a was more palatal than the F. sound.
Erondell (1605; Ellis, I, p. 226) is not very clear, as
he places a in after on the same level with au in
Augustine; but Ben Jonson (whose Grammar, although
not published till 1640, was written some fifteen years
before that date) says distinctly : "A, with us, in most
words is pronounced lesse, then the French a, as in,
art. act. apple, ancient" (ib., p. 65). And Du Gres
(1636; Phon. Stud., Ill, p. 193) identifies E. <wa with
"oe apertum," i. e. the diphthong pronounced in F.
for the written oi , not only in vouloir , where the
£-sound is to be taken as long, but also in parlois,
avoye , estoient, chantoy, and in courtois a.; these
words being re-spelled, "secundum Latinorum con-
ceptum," vouloer, parloe", estodnt, chantoe, courtot ';
"secundum ver6 captum Anglorum," voulwar, pari-
ty as , avwa, estwant , chantwa , courtwas— "obser-
vando semper w, juxta, et a, acute et delicate esse
pronuncianda."
We may safely assume E. short a to be "clear"
[a] to palatal [ae] in the time of Shakespeare, and
broadly indicate all shades comprised within this range
of sound by the general symbol [ae].
58 VOWELS. — [ae] IN CAN. [Chap. X.
§ 39. Rimes in [ae] and [a:]. The only rimes
of this kind in the poems that can lay claim to re-
cognition are a few rimes in weakly and rhythmically
stressed -al and fully stressed -all; viz. general -.fall
RL 1484, perpetual : wall : thrall RL 726, perpetual :
thrall S 154. 10, the -al being spelled -all in all these
cases in the Qq. We see from Gill that unstressed
and weakly stressed -al was usually, even in rimes
with fully stressed -all, pronounced "al," i. e. [ael];
cf. his renderings of disloyally (twice), equal (twice),
final (3 times), finally (twice), funeral (twice;
once riming with tall and all), general, material,
meridional, penny-royal, personal, royal, rural (so
also in offal) ; but he also writes "al," i. e. [a:l], in
denials, disloyal, mortal (twice), prodigal (riming
with all), royal. To judge from this, -al in general,
perpetual may have been pronounced by Shakespeare
either regularly = [ael], or else = [ail], to suit the rime.
It is worth while remarking that fall , thrall » and
wall — as, occasionally, similar words — once appear
re-spelled with "a" = [ae] in Gill. The most familiar
instance is shall, which Gill regularly writes "shal"
— [Jael] (about 57 times, as Jiriczek says, p. 210), and
only once "shal" = [Jail], also once "shal" = [Jseil],
with the remark (Jiriczek, p. 18): "Syllabae, quae
natura sua communes sunt, possunt etiam indifferenter
per vocales longas aut breves describi : ut, shal aut
shal . . ." In shall the short vowel was, no doubt,
preferred, because the word usually occurs unstressed.
Besides the rimes just treated, we have a number
of apparent rimes in [ae] and [a:]. It is well-known,
and can be abundantly proved from the authorities
of the time, that not only the present Southern E.
§ 39-] RIMES IN [ae] AND [a:]. 59
[a;] in such words as craft, pass, bath, but also [a:]
in far, hard, [o:] in war, warm, and [o] in was, what
were generally pronounced as "short a" = [ae] in the
Elizabethan period, just as they had been "short a" = [a]
in M. E. In certain cases, however, where a is followed
by -Im (balm, palm), -If (calf, half), or by -nd, -nt,
-nee, -nch in F. words (command, grant, chance,
branch], another pronunciation = [au], passing into
[a:], from M. E. [au], was used, either to the exclusion
(possibly before -Im, -If), or by the side of [ae], as is in-
dicated by variants of spelling, and confirmed by the
grammarians. Accordingly we still have [hoint], [voint]
beside [haint], [vamt], for haunt, vaunt; the [o:]
answering to M. E. [au] from F. nasal [a], and early
Mod. E. [au], [a:]; the [a:], to M. E. [a], early Mod. E.
[ae] and 17th c. [ae;]. The latter sound, [ae:], even now
prevails in America in most words belonging to this
class, whilst the still older [ae] is heard in the North
of England in command, grant, chance, as in craft,
pass, bath, &c.
Balm, calm; calf, half will be considered later.
We are now concerned with those words where a
is followed by one of the dental groups -nd , -nt,
and -nee.
In the riming words command, commander,
slander the vowel, according to Gill, would be [au]
(cf. the Q spellings commaunder, slaunder VA
1004—6); but the rime hand : command LC 225
points to [ae], a vowel also adopted in commandment
by Jones (1701; Ellis, IV, p. 1005).
For words in -ant, -aunt (forms of enchant, grant,
haunt, pant, vaunt) we have only irrelevant rimes,
except where want is one of the riming words, as
60 VOWELS. — [ae] IN CAN. [Chap. X.
in panteth : granteth : wanteth RL 555 , granting :
wanting S 87.5, and vaunt -.want RL 41. In the
last instance the Q spelling, by the way, is vant; also
enchant, grant, pant have an exclusively, whereas
haunt appears in this form LC 130. — Of course, the
statements of the orthoepists are of much greater im-
portance, Salesbury has [tjanter] for chanter; Gill,
[graunt], [gramt] for grant; [vaunt], [vamt] for vaunt;
Cooper, [graeint] for grant, but [hamt] — observing,
however, that [haent] is "melius fortasse"— for haunt;
Jones, [haent], [hamt], whilst both Cooper and Jones
say [va:nt]. Evidently in all the above riming words
[ae] is a possible pronunciation of a or au.
The termination -ance is found under the stress
in the riming words advance v., chance, dance v.,
lance, mischances, trance(s). Advance and chance
also rime with words in weakly stressed -ance, viz.
circumstance, ignorance. In -ance, when stressed,
Gill has [a:] as well as [ae], generally preferring the
former; when unstressed, [ae]. Here also, as in -and,
-a(u)nt, the Shakespearian vowel may have been [ae].
Two more words with a at present pronounced
[01] call for a remark.
Water rimes with flatter RL 1561 , and with
matter LC 304. The a in words of this type is of
doubtful quantity in M. E. Gill wavers between [ae:]
(6 times), [ae] (3 times, and also in Waterdowri), and
[a:] (once). Of these vowels, [ae:] corresponds to M.
E. [a:]; [ae], to M. E. [a]; and [a:] (now [o:]) pro-
bably represents the M. E. [a:], kept unimpaired through
the labio-velar, and therefore anti-palatal, influence of
the preceding [w]. Again Shakespeare seems to have
preferred the short vowel, [ae].
§ 4Q-] RIMES IN [ae] AND [o] (AND OCCASIONALLY [o:]). 61
The other word still to be mentioned is wrath, at
present pronounced [rae6], [r3e:6], [ra:6], [ro6], and [rD:0].
It rimes with hath LC 293, which is still commonly [haefl] .
If Shakespeare, or rather the author of LC, said [wraefl],
he used the pronunciation apparently recorded by Gill
("wrath," no less than 7 times; "wrathful," twice).
This is the oldest of the above-mentioned forms. The
lengthening in [ra:6], &c. is due to the following [6] ;
the "rounding" in [n>0], [ro:0] to the preceding [w],
i. e. these forms postulate an early Mod. E. *[wra0]
= M. E. [wra0], in which the [a] resisted the gene-
ral tendency to palatalization in the same way as in
early Mod. E. [waiter]. It will be seen that Gill's
notation "a" in "wrath," "wrathful" is really equivocal,
because he had no special sign for short "« latum"
(his "a" always being long), and he may also have
used "a," whose regular value is short "a exile," for
the exceptional short "a latum" in "water" = *[water],
"wrath" = *[wra6]. That this, however, was not
necessarily the case, is shown by Gill's common variant
"water," where "a" unambiguously indicates the "a
exile" in name.
§ 40. Rimes in [ae] and [o] (and occasionally [o:]).
After the explanations given in the preceding section,
nothing more need be said in order to show that rimes
such as match : watch VA 586, or glass : was RL
1764; S 5. 12, &c., are not rimes in [ae] and [o].
Still there are two rimes in the poems where
the riming vowels are [ae] and [o] , viz. dally 'folly
RL 554, and hallow v. : follow VA 973. In both
cases the following sound is the "back"-modified dental
[1], and, what is more important, both rimes are double,
or feminine, rimes (cf., e. g., suing : wooing, p. 33).
62 VOWELS. — [a&i] IN DAY. [Chap. XI.
The number of rimes in [ae] and [o] is increased by
the following instances from the plays: crab ("wild
apple") : bob v. MN 2. 1. 48, pap s. : hop v. MN 5. 1. 303,
am : Tom KL 2. 3. 21 ; man : on MN 2. 1. 263, 3. 2. 348 ;
harm : corn KL 3. 6. 44 (Edgar's song) ; heart : short :
part v. LL 5.2.55; departure : shorter KL 1.5.55.
— As a case of [ae] riming with [o;] we may add
man : one TS 3. 2. 86, in the "jingle" where also
Jamy, penny, and many are made to rime (cf. p. 45).
It must not be overlooked that all these cases
occur either in comedy, or in lighter parts of KL,
where an intentional tinge of vulgarity, and therefore
archaism, can hardly be denied. Otherwise these rimes,
considering the rarity of rimes in [ae] and [e] (cf. § 30),
would seem to speak for a Shakespearian "clear" or
very little palatalized [a] rather than [ae].
§ 41. Rime in [ae] and [u]. Cases of [ae] riming
with [u] might claim still greater authority in the
sense just alluded to. But there is only one single
rime of this kind in the poems, viz. adder : shudder
VA 878. Here also an additional syllable is called
upon in order to improve the rime (cf. dally '.folly,
hallow -.follow, § 40).
CHAPTER XI.
VOWELS. — [aeij IN DAY.
§ 42. General value. As is amply proved by
spelling and rimes, even in late M. E. the diphthongs
ai and ei were not kept very distinct. In the Hymn to
the Virgin and in Salesbury a/and £/ are both transcribed
promiscuously by the W. symbols "ay," "ai," and "ae" ;
"ei" occurring only in "ddei," "ddey" for they (Hymn).
§ 42.] GENERAL VALUE. 63
According to Smith the difference between ai and
ei was very small, some "finer ladies" ("mulierculae
quaedam delicatiores") pronouncing "ei" in all words
with ei or ai, whilst other speakers only used "ai";
"tarn a8ta'<popoi sumus in his duntaxat duabus di-
phthongis Angli." Smith himself prefers "ei" in. feign,
dainty, paint, faint, and "ai" in pay, tail, fain, claim,
&c. As a still thinner pronunciation, likewise especially
affected by ladies, Smith mentions "ae," as in Latin,
i. e. [si]. This is the sound also used by Smith's
contemporary Hart, and rejected by Gill and Butler.
In actual E. this sound is represented by [i:], Southern
E. [ij] , in key (cf. p. 42), ley (= lea), quay, and
perhaps in either, neither, when pronounced in this
way (cf. p. 39).
Palsgrave, Bullokar, Gill, Butler, and Wallis
distinguish ai and ei, Gill writing "ei," or, more
rarely, "ei," in some words, especially they and their,
and "ai," or, less frequently, "ai," in most words, in-
cluding the four pronounced with "ei" by Smith. Even
Gill, however, admits the alternative "dei aut dfti" in
his table of personal pronouns (whilst in another
passage describing "dfti" as a Southern form), and
gives "dai aut dei" as belonging to the "communis
dialectus" (Jiriczek, pp. 32, 34, 56). Both "a" and "a"
are with Gill "thin" a. Similarly we read in Wallis :
11 Ai vel ay sonum exprimunt compositum ex a Anglico
(hoc est, exili) correpto, et y" (Ellis, I, p. 124). Ei,
ey according to Wallis were "ei," or simply long "e"
= [e:] ; but he adds : "Nonnulli tamen plenius efferunt,
acsi per ai scripta essent" (ib.).
There seems to be no indication of ai coalescing
with the usual sound of long #, till after the time of
64 VOWELS.— [a;] IN SAW. [Chap. XII.
Wallis, except in F. authors; Desainliens (1580), e. g.,
treating both E. ay in gay, and E. a in gate as equi-
valent to F. ai in faire, complaire.
§ 43. Additional rimes. Of words and forms
spelled with ei, or ey , in present E., the following
rimes occur in Shakespearian poems, LC and PP
included: key, obey, prey s., re-survey, survey v.,
they; convey'd, obey'd; conceit, receipt; feign,1 reign
s. and v., rein, vein; reign' d^-', veins; heir; obeys.
In all these the modern pronunciation is [ei], presup-
posing early Mod. E. [aei] ; except key, conceit, receipt;
where the present sound is [i;]. For the above words
we find the Q spellings key, obey (twice) and obay,
praie and pray (3 times), re-suruay , suruey and
suruay, they ; conuaide, obayed; faine,1 raigne s. and
raign, raigne (twice) v., raine, vaine ; raign'd; vaines
(twice); heire (twice); obaies; on the other hand,
heir is once written for hair, which in two other
places is spelled haire. That is to say, except in they,
heir, and the group key, conceit, receipt, the spellings
ai and ay are used either exclusively, or by the side
of, generally in preference to, ei and ey, although
in all these words ei is the etymological diphthong. —
As to the rimes themselves, they show no tendency
to distinguish ai and ei. Taking into account what
has been said about rimes in [sei] and [aei] in § 36, and
about early Mod. E. spellings and the actual pronunciation
of ei in the present section, we can hardly err in ascrib-
ing the phonetic value [aei] to all Shakespearian
riming words concerned. As to the inclusion of key,,
conceit, and receipt in the number of [aei]-words, cf.
§§ 28 and 42.
1 PP 8, which contains this word, is by Barnfield.
y * or THC
f UNIVERSITY
§ 44.] N^^E^vyALUE. 65
CHAPTER XII.
VOWELS. — [a:] IN
§ 44. General value. The Hymn and Salesbury
transcribe E. au, and a before /, where it is now =
[o:], by W. "au," i. e. [au]. This value is also given
Smith, Hart, and Bullokar. According to Gill, a in
tall has the sound of "a lata." Where this sound is first
mentioned by Gill, in Chap. Ill (Jiriczek, p. 24), no
diphthong is hinted at. Gill proceeds to say: "Hunc
sonum Germani exprimunt per aa. ut in maal con-
vivium, haar coma : nos unico charactere, circumflexo a.
content! erimus." In Chap. X, which is headed "Di-
phthongi propriae" (ib., p. 30), Gill, after speaking of
ae and ai, comes to au. He gives as examples laun
(= lawn) and paun (= pawn) • but he says expressly :
"ubi adverte au nihil differre ab d. Eodem enim sono
proferimus a bdl, BALL pila-, et tu bdl, BAULE, voci-
ferari," and he even adds: "at ubi vere diphthongus
est, a, deducitur in a, ut du AWE imperium, duger
terebra." We can only infer that a or au in ball,
tall, baule was not a diphthong, but "a," or "a lata,"
whereas in awe, auger this sound was — in Gill's opinion
— followed by "u." At all events, the second element
of this diphthong must have been indistinct. At a
much earlier period Salesbury, on the contrary, de-
scribes the w as mute in one of the very words alluded
to by Gill, viz. awe. In Gill's own time we find Cot-
grave identifying F. a with E. a in all: "a Fr. sounds
full as in all, not as we sound it in stale, ale" (Lowisch,
Zur englischen Aussprache von 1650—1750, Kassel
1889, p. 27). And the diphthong in auger is con-
Vietor, Shakespeare's Pronunciation. I. 5
66 VOWELS. — [a;] IN SAW. [Chap. XII.
tested by Mason: "la premiere voyelle, . . . quand
elle est jointe avec, u, elle se prononce comme
nostre, a, Francois : Escrivez done Augustine, Laurence,
an Augre , Proferez Astin. Larens. an Aguer, un
tariere" (Brotanek, p. 12). Ben Jonson remarks, also
in the twenties of the 17th c. : "when it [i. e. E. a]
comes before / in the end of a syllable, it obtaineth
the full French sound, and is utter 'd with the mouth,
and throat wide open'd, the tongue bent back from
the teeth, as in al. smal. gal. fal. tal. cal" (Ellis,
I, p. 65). I once more quote Du Gres, who says of
F. a: "A pronunciatur ut apud Latinos, Hispanos, et
Italos, non ver6 ut apud Anglos, quippe quod ipsi
tenuius pronuncient hanc vocal em, quam alise nationes.
Sonat igitur a ut in istis vocibus, CALL, SHALL;
non autem ut in ABLE, SAME." This anticipates the
statement of Wallis, which is confirmed by contempo-
rary and subsequent E., F., and G. authors: "Au vel
aw, recte pronunciatum, sonum exhiberet compositum
ex Anglorum d brevi et w. Sed a plerisque nunc
dierum effertur simpliciter ut Germanorum d pingue;
sono nempe literge d dilatato, et sono literse w prorsus
suppresso. Eodem nempe sono efferunt all omnes,
.awl subula; call voco, caul, cawl , omentum, vel
£tiam tiara muliebris" (Ellis, p. 147).
I can see no reason why the sound which by
the authorities quoted is placed on a level with
G., F., Sp., and It. a should be taken to be =
[D:], as in present E. all, saw, &c. , as is done by
Ellis, Sweet, and Luick, but hold to the opinion which
I expressed, Phon. Stud., Ill, p. 92 (and, whis is now
shared by Brotanek, p. xvn), that E. au, and a in all, were
in the beginning of the 17th c., and considerably later,
§ 45-] ADDITIONAL RIMES. 67
= [a:], contracted from M. E. [au] through an inter-
mediate [a:u], forms which may have lingered on as
archaisms by the side of the newer and more general
[a:]. If the sound in question had been [o:], it would
no doubt have been compared by contemporary writers
to similar vowels in Continental languages, say It.
open 0, whereas Florio, e. g., distinctly identifies this
latter sound with E. o in bone (§ 46). Of course,
there might have been two different shades of long
open o in Elizabethan E., the one in go, bone, the
other in saw , pause. But then we might surely
expect such rimes as go : saw, those : pause, or -there
being a pretty large number of actual Shakespearian
rimes of the types know : go, glows : those (§ 47) — such
rimes as know: saw, glows: pause, &c., which are
conspicuously absent. At the same time, I am quite
ready to concede that Elizabethan [a:] , even before
the complete loss of the following [u], was rather of
a velar than of a palatal or even a "clear" type,
and that it might be more exactly denoted by [a:].
§ 45. Additional rimes. Whether Shakespeare
pronounced [au] , [a:u] or [a:] , cannot be decided
from the rimes occurring in the poems, as only
words of the same class are made to rime. It is, however,
hardly probable that Shakespeare should have been
more conservative in this respect than Gill. The rime
Jlaw : la int. LL 5. 2. 415 would be, as Ellis thinks,
in favour of the complete transition of [au] into [o:],
or, according to my own interpretation, into [a:]. Un-
fortunately there is the variant law, as the first in-
stance of which the N. E. D. quotes this identical
passage with the F spelling law, other quotations
reaching from 1602 to 1887. Of course, law may be,
5*
68 VOWELS.— [a:] IN SAW. [Chap. XII.
and in all probability is, a mere modernised spelling
for la, adopted in order to show that this word (O.
E. Id, M. E. la) had for the second time, as inter-
jections are apt to do, preserved its vowel as [a:],
whilst in the great majority of cases M. E. a became
early Mod. E. [se:]; just as a few centuries earlier,
when O. E. d was regularly changed to M. E. p =
[o:].1 But it may also have indicated a phonetic
alteration of la, and originally meant [lau], with a
real diphthong (cf. M. E. lew, low, &c., also inter-
jections); and in that case from the rime in question
nothing could be inferred.
That words such as balm, palm, which rime
VA 27, and calf, half (see below), belonged to the
same class as all, fall, &c., we know from the ortho-
epists of Shakespeare's time. For balm Gill writes
"balm/* observing, however: "licet frequentius dicamus
bam, tamen docti aliqui legunt et aliquando loquuntur
bdlm" (Jiriczek, p. 163). The actual pronunciation is
[ba:m], instead of [boim] (but cf. the spellings bawme,
bawm, baume, baum, &c. , 14th to 18th c., and
the present double pronunciation and spelling of
halm, haulm). The question whether the modern
[bairn] is to be explained as a survival of early Mod.
E. [ba;m] , or as a development of early Mod. E.
*[baelm] (cf. Price's [kselm] for calm, 1668), may here
be left undiscussed.
For calf, half there are no rimes; and if there
were, they would probably help us little. Both these
words are, however, mentioned in the well-known
speech of Holofernes against the "rackers of ortho-
1 That also this regular development did take place
is shown by another variant, M. E. and Mod. E. lo.
§ 46.] GENERAL VALUE. 69
graphy," LL 5. 1. 24: "he clepeth a calf, cauf; half,
hauf (F spelling: Calfe, Caufe: halfe, haufe)," &c.
The pronunciation denounced by Holofernes, [ka:f],
[ha:f], was probably Shakespeare's own, as in the case
of debt, doubt and abhominable, where the etymo-
logical, or pseudo-etymological, b and h were doubt-
less pronounced only by pedants of Holofernes's type.
CHAPTER XIII.
VOWELS. — [01] IN GO.
§ 46. General value. With o in go, = M. E. $,
we are once more on safe ground. All the authorities
of the time agree in describing this vowel as open,
or at least half-open, [01] (more exactly, [o:]). As to
the open character of the sound Florio's statement
(Ellis, I, p. 94) is important. Speaking of It. close
and open o he says: "The first close or ovalle"— this
refers to the oval form of the Italic letter O used by
him for the close sound — "is ever pronounced as the
English single V. in these words, Bun, Dug, Flud, Gud,
Rud, Stud, Tun, &c. , whereas the other round" -
meaning the Roman type O — "or open is ever pro-
nounced as our O. in these words Bone, Dog, Flow,
God, Rod, Stone, Tone &c. as for example in these
Italian wordes, lo honor o il mio Dio con o'gni divo'-
tio'ne, where ever, O. is close and ovalle. And in
these, lui mi vu<5le t6rre la mia to'rre; or else, lui mi
ha ro'sa la mia rosa; where T6rre with an open or
round O. is a verbe and signifieth to take, and to'rre
with a close or ovalle O. is a noune substantive, and
signifieth a tower; . . ." &c.
70 VOWELS.— [oi] IN GO. [Chap. XIII.
§ 47. Rimes in [o:] and [o]. As [o] only differed
in quantity from fo:] (cf. § 51), rimes of this kind are
not rare.
BEFORE LABIALS. Moment : comment v. S 15.2.
BEFORE DENTALS. A-doting \ nothing S 20. 10.
The o in nothing is short [o] in Bullokar and Gill;
the regular development would be [o:] (from O. E. d,
M. E. p). But cf. boat i wot H6 4.6.33-, note -.pot
LL 5.2.929,938; smote (smotF)-.not LL 4.3.28.
Also wot had p in M. E. = O. E. d. »
Alone: anon S 75.7; alone : Cory don PP 18.297
(anon.); groan :on S 50. 1 1 ; moan : upon S 149. 8.
Also gone ion Oth 1.3.204 (gon F); P 4.4.20
(Gower) ; one : on TG 2. 1. 2 ; T 4. 1. 137. Gone has
either [01] or [o] at present, and the short vowel (cf.
the spelling gon, 1. c. and in other places) may have
occasionally been used by Shakespeare, who, however,
as a rule prefers riming words with [o;]. The voiced nasal
certainly improves the riming effect in alone : on, &c.
Glory : story : sorry RL 1523; adore thee : abhor
thee PP 12. 165 (anon.). They are both double rimes.
Boast -.costs 91.12; boast: lost V A 1077; RL
1193; most -.lost S 152.6. Other instances from the
plays: boast -.frost LL 1.1.102; boast: lost H6 4.5.
24; coast -.lost P 5. 15 (Gower); most: lost LL 1. 1. 146.
That [o] before [st] tended to lengthen as in present
E., is seen from the notation of frost in Cooper, who
remarks: "fere semper producitur o ante sfj (Ellis,
IV, p. 1008).
Oath : wroth MV 2. 9. 77 may also be mentioned,
and attention be called to the present lengthening of
the vowel also before [0] in words such as wroth.
BEFORE VELARS. Oak : o'clock MW 5. 5. 79.
§ 48.] RIMES IN [o] AND [ou]. 71
§ 48. Rimes in [o:] and [ou]. FINAL. Rimes
in final [01] and [ou] are so numerous that the second
element of the diphthong in this position, if not lost
altogether, can have been but faint. I only quote
doe: bow (the weapon) RL 581; foe: know RL 471,
1608; foe : show RL 471 \foe : snow VA 364, referring
to the rime-index for the rest. Many more instances
are to be found in the plays. Cf. Ellis, III, 960, who
also shows that mow ("grimace ''), riming with so, toe,
and no T 4. 1. 47, is [mou], and that shrew — the F,
by the way, writes Shrow— riming with so TS 5. 2. 188,
is [jrou]. In shrows, riming with Os LL 5. 2. 46, the
ow of the F (Shrowes) has been retained in the Globe. l
BEFORE DENTALS. It is somewhat surprising that
Shakespeare seems to avoid rimes in [oin] and [oun].
There are in the poems a considerable number of
riming words in [oin] , viz. alone, bone, foregone,
gone (both probably also with [o]), groan s.
and v. (groans s. and v.), moan s. (moans s.), one,
none , prone, stone (stones), throne, and several in
[oun], viz. blown, known, own, shown, unknown,
and rimes are plentiful, but the two classes are strictly
kept apart. One : thrown, however, occurs in a song,
Cy 5. 4. 61. Evidently in Shakespeare's, as in Gill's,
pronunciation the second element of [ou] before [n]
had not yet been entirely dropped.2 In accordance
with the renderings of Bullokar and Gill, one and
none rime in the poems either with each other or
with other words in [oin] exclusively.
1 Shrew : show (shew F) TS 4. 1. 213-4 is ambiguous,
on account of the double form of the latter word ; but show
(show also F) rimes with crow RJ 1. 2. 91-2.
2 Gill numbers "kno'n pro knoun^ i. e.- [knoin] for
[knoun], amongst his Mopsarum fictitice.
72 VOWELS.— [o:] IN GO. [Chap. XIII.
Hole-, soul RL 1175 is the only case of this kind
in the poems. Control s. and v. also rimes with soul
RL 500, 1781; S 107.3, S 125.14; but control has
[ou] before an original // (it is spelled controull and
controll RL, and twice controule S). — Cf. foal : bowl
("cup") MN 2. 1. 46.
Door if our VA 448. Door occurs in the poems
in two more rimes, viz. with before, RL 1301 , and
with more, RL 337. In all three cases it is spelled
dore (as in the same rime R2 5. 3. 77 J), and there is
no reason to doubt that Shakespeare's pronunciation
of this word was [doir], a form recorded by Bullokar
and by Gill (twice in rimes with therefore). An [u:]-
form likewise existed, as Smith and Gill (once in a
prose passage) show. As the N. E. D. remarks,
''dore prevailed in 16th c.7 and is found as late
as 1684." The most plausible derivation of dore
= [doir] is from O. E. doru, pi. of dor, M. E.
d$re ; whilst door = [duir] would represent O. E.
duru, M. E. dore.—Ci. more -.four LL 4.3.210;
MN 3.2.437.
Both -.growth S 99.10; oath -.growth RL 1061;
troth : growth RL 1059. As to the vowel of troth,
O. E. doiv, M. E. ow and ew, at present [ou], [o:],
and, in the form truth, [u:], we cannot be sure; the
remaining rimes in the poems, one with both, three or
four (LC) with oath, and the Q spelling troth (LC, RC),
point to [o:]. In the v. betroth Price has short o;
the spelling betrothe occurs 16th c., betroath 17 the.,
both indicating long o; betroth from the 16th c. onward.
1 Whether a rime with before — hardly with wooer —
is intended MV 1. 2. 148, remains doubtful. The F (which
has doore) prints the whole passage as prose.
§ 49- RIMES IN [o:] AND [u:] (AND [u]). 73
Rimes in [o:z] and [ouz] will be found in the
rime-index under the words foes, goes, rose s., those,
woes. Shrows riming with O's LL 5. 2. 46 has been
mentioned on p. 71 ; another instance from a play is
foes : overthrows s. RJ prol. 5.
49. Rimes in [oi] and [u;] (and [u]). As gone,
riming with sun VA 188, is probably to be read as
gon, the Q spelling (cf. § 47), the only rimes in the
poems belonging to this group — all with [v] following
the vowel — are grove : love s. VA 865, Jove : love s.
RL 568, PP 17. 243 (from LL); over : lover VA 571.
Shakespeare possibly pronounced [u:] in love, lover,
at least in rimes (cf. § 59). Over is given with [o]
in Bullokar and Gill, but the stressed riming form
may have had [o:], answering to the present E. |ou]. —
There is a greater variety of cases in the plays.
FINAL. Ago : woo RJ 3. 4. 7 ; woe s.: do PI. I. 48.
Both may be correct rimes in [u:]. At least go is
given by Wallis and Price as [gui], the former adding :
"rectius [go:]"; and woe by Cooper as [wu:].
BEFORE LABIALS. Roaming : coming TN 2. 3. 40
(song). As [ui] in coming is possible, just as it is in
love, lover, this may be a rime in [o:] and [u:]. So
also no man -.woman TG 3.1.104; [ui] in woman
is authorised by Butler, as is [ii] in women by Gill and
Price.— Rome : doom RL 715, 1851 ; Rome: groom RL
1644 (once Rome, twice Roome Q) are not cases in
point. As the rimes show, o in M. E. Rome was o,
possibly also Q; Mod. E. [ui] , on the other hand,
is testified to by Bullokar, Price, and Miege (1688),
and was only "antiquated" some thirty years ago (Ellis,
III, p. 925). Cf. the well-known passages, JC 1. 2. 156-7 :
Now is it Rome indeed and room enough, &c.
74 VOWELS.— [o] IN ON. [Chap. XIV.
(Rome—Roome F), and KJ 3. 1. 179-80: O, lawful
let it be That I have room with Rome to curse
awhile (roome — Rome F), which, however, do not in
themselves prove that Shakespeare pronounced Rome
as [ru:m]. Nor is the contrary to be inferred from the
line Rome shall remedy this. Roam thither, then,
H6 3. 1. 51. The forms [ru:m] and [roim] would be
sufficiently similar to serve the purpose of a pun.
With grove : love V A 865, &c. (p. 73) cf. grove :
love s. MN 2. 1. 259; broom-groves : loves v. T 4. 1. 66
(Jove : love s. LL 4. 3. 1 19 has been mentioned, 1. c.) ;
moreover : lover LL 5. 2. 446.
BEFORE DENTALS. One -.done R2 1.1.182; one:
shoon H 4. 5. 26 (Ophelia's song). Done was com-
monly [dun], but the unshortened [duin] is mentioned
as a Northern form by Gill. Ellis (III, p. 961) also
records Biron : moon, as a rime of "long o with long
00" ; Biron, however, is Berowne in F, and the rime
is a rime in [uw] and [u:].
Store s. -.poor LL 5. 2. 377; RJ 1. 1. 222; whore :
poor KL 2. 4. 52 (the Fool's song). Poor, M. E. pdre,
is regularly [pu:r], cf. Smith, Gill, Price, Cooper; but
Gill also writes "p5r" = [po;r] in a rime with store,
a form probably to be explained by the opening in-
fluence of [r]. The case is similar with whore ; only
there seems to be no trace of the present [o;], or
earlier [o;], before the beginning of the 18th c. ; and
other Shakespearian rimes (Ellis, 1. c.) point to [o:].
Propose : lose H 3. 2. 204 is an unquestionable
rime in [o:] and [u:].
BEFORE VELARS. Bolingbroke : look R2 3. 4. 99,
also mentioned by Ellis (1. c.), is a correct rime in
[u:]; the F reads Bullingbrooke. But there is pro-
voke: took P 1.26 (Gower).
§§ 5i — 2. GENERAL VALUE. RIMES IN [o] AND [ou]. 75
§ 50. Rimes in [o:] and [uw], Froward : coward
VA 570; toward : coward VA 1157. Frowardness
and towards are "frowardnes" and "towardz" in Gill.
Possibly both M. E. $ in froward and M. E. o in
toward were shortened before w = [w], forming with
it a diphthong resembling Gill's "ou" = [uw] in
coward and no doubt also his "6u" = [ou] in own.
One would be inclined to treat the above rimes as
cases of [ou] riming with [uw], if a few instances of
[o:] riming with [ui] without a following [w] were
not found in the plays: bone : down TC 5.8.12;
sycamore : hour LL 5. 2. 89. Also here the liquids
[n] and [r] that follow the vowels are doubtless felt
to improve the rime.
CHAPTER XIV.
VOWELS. — [o] IN ON.
§51. Genera! value. There is no doubt that o
in on did not materially differ from o in go except in
quantity. As pairs of "longs" and "shorts" we find
in Smith, hope, hop; in Bullokar, no, not; in Gill,
coal, coll. Florio gives as examples containing E. open
o = It. open o : bone, dog, flow, god, rod, stone, tone
(cf. 46).
§ 52. Apparent rime in [o] and [ou]. The
isolated rime oft -.nought PP 19.339 (anon.), which
indicates the pronunciation of nought as [noft] or
[no: ft], the latter recorded by Jones (1701), goes far
towards marking this poem as spurious, as all the
words in -ought only rime with each other in the poems
of Shakespeare (cf. the rime-index).
76 VOWELS.— [o] IN ON. [Chap. XIV.
§ 53. Rimes in [o] and [u], and words in -ord,
-ort, &c. BEFORE DENTALS. Gone (gon Q) : sun VA
188 has already been mentioned in § 49. The short
vowel in gone is also suggested by rime and spelling
(gon Qq) in gone : on VA 1089; S 5. 7.
Before [r] and vowel we have the double rime
forage : courage VA 554.
Great difficulties are offered by a number of words
in -or- with consonant following. A tendency to length-
en a preceding vowel is shown by consonantal groups
such as -rd, -rn in all periods of the language, but
neither in O. E. nor in M. E. is it consistently carried
out. Lengthening of M. E. o — [o] leads to o —
close [01] , which in its turn appears as [ui] in early
Mod. E. ; whereas the [o] that has remained short in
M. E. may be lengthened to early Mod. E. open [o:].
Thus M. E. bordf boord = [bord], [boird] becomes
early Mod. E. [buird] (Butler; as probably Tyndale,
1525, who writes bourde). M. E. corn = [korn]
is early Mod. E. [korn] (Gill, and even Buchanan,
1766), but also [koirn] (Bullokar, Sheridan, 1780,
coorne Tyndale). It is probably the latter and not the
former development that is represented by the present
spelling and pronunciation of board (the M. E. bord),
as also by Gill's rendering "bord" = [boird], the oa
being recorded from the 16th c. onward. But early
Mod. E. [u:] may also be changed later to [o;] by
the opening influence of the following [r], as in the
common present pronunciation of poor. Again, we
may have to start from M. E. [u] (often spelled o)
instead of M. E. [o], e. g. in word, which appears
as wurd as well as word (weord) in M. E., and is
given with [u] by Butler and Gill, this leading to the
§53-] RIMES IN [o] AND [u], AND WORDS IN -ORDt-ORrt&c. 77
[9] of Jones (1701) and the Expert Orthographist (1704),
but also with [o] by Bullokar and once by Gill ; l &c.
As to later usage, Walker may be of assistance.
Besides "6" = [ui] in move, he discriminates "o" = close
[o:], in no ; "6" = open [o:], or [o:], in nor (= "4" mfall) ;
and "6" = open [o], or [o], in not; "6" answering
to M. E. p; "6," to M. E. o, afterwards lengthened
before [r]; and "6," to M. E. o generally. The
distinction between "6" and "6" before original [r],
as in fore— for, is even now kept up in Northern E.
and partly in American E., the former being in the South
of England merged in the latter sound. Some light
is also thrown on the question by the modern dialects.
The combination -orm occurs only in storm(s)
andformfsj, both words riming together LC 101 (sg.),
and RL 1518 (pi.). So also storm -.form KL 2. 4. 82.
The early Mod. E. [o] in storm is unquestionable. If
the source of o in form was A. F. u — [u:j (Luick,
Anglia, XVI, p. 456), Cooper and the Expert Ortho-
graphist have the original vowel. Not only Miege,
but also Bullokar, however, give [o:] (Bullokar in
perform)-, Walker prescribes "6" in general, and "6"
only where the meaning is "seat," &c.; and there are
dialectal forms with or = [or], [o:], and ar — [a:]?
all pointing to early Mod. E. [or]. A Shakespearian
pronunciation [form] is therefore by no means impro-
bable. The word may have been modified by the
L. forma.
Of words in -ord, accorded, riming with reworded
LC 3, and record s. (stress on second syllable), riming
1 Ellis, III, p. 909, and Luick, Anglia,XVI, p. 455, who
follows Ellis, erroneously ascribe [u] to Bullokar. The cor-
rect reading with o is found in Ellis, III, p. 840 , 11. 4
(twice) and 10 from the bottom.
78 VOWELS.— [o] IN <™. [Chap. XIV.
with sword and word RL 1643, present no difficulty;
Gill has [o] in accord and (twice) in according;
Walker, "t>."—Lord (with O. E. a, M. E. Q, o) has
[o:] in Smith and Bullokar, but the lengthening of
the vowel is not recognized by Gill, who has [o]
(about 30 times). This agrees with Walker's "6."
Modern, dialects present oa from early Mod. E. [o:J,
but also a from early Mod. E. [o]. Irrespective of
the rimes there is no reason to doubt that Shake-
speare used the same pronunciation as Gill. — The
only two words riming with lord(s) in the poems
are afford RL 1303, and words RL 1609; then we
again have afford LL 4.1.40; word LL 2.1.215;
4. 1. 103; MN 2. 2. 151 ; P 2. 3 (Gower).— As in afford,
word, so also mford, the o corresponds to O. E. o. With
the addition of sword (on which see below), the group
of riming words in -ordf -orded, -ords in the poems
is completed. The rimes in which they are joined
with each other may be summarily represented as
follows (cf . the rime-index) : accorded : reworded (LC) ;
afford : lord; — : word; —s : words (3 times) ; fords*;,
words; lord : afford; — s : words; record s. : sword :
word"; reworded : accorded (LC) ; sword : record :
word; —s : words; word : afford; — : record-, sword;
—s : affords (3 times) ; — s : fords; — 5 : lords; — s :
swords. Now if accord, lord, record have [o], the
rimes, unless they are eye-rimes, would suggest [o]
in afford, word (and reword), and hence in ford
and sword as well. Again disregarding sword, we
may emphasize the fact that [o] is the vowel belonging
by right to all the words in this group. There is
the difficulty that afford, ford, word (reword), and
board, hoard (also with original [o]), as well as sword,
§53- RIMES IN [o] AND [u], AND WORDS IN- ORD,-ORT,&C. 79
appear to have been generally pronounced with [u:]
in the 16th and 17th c. (cf. Luick, 1. c., p. 455).
Beside [u:], however, [o] has been transmitted to us
in word (Bullokar, and once Gill and [o:] in board
(Gill); also the spellings affoard 16th and 17th c.,
foard 17th c., board, and hoard point to e. Mod. E.
[o:]. Walker has "6" (which may be =* e. Mod. E.
[01], or else developed from e. Mod. E. [ui] before
[r]), except in word (reword), where the modern [31]
and Walker's "ft" = [9] represent e. Mod. E. [u],
i. e. the pronunciation of Butler and generally of
Gill. Of course, Shakespeare may have been content
with eye-rimes, and pronounced [o:] or [ui] in
afford, ford, [u] in word, &c. , but the possibility
remains that he retained [o] in all these words, thus
making all the rimes in question correct. That the
modern representation of the vowel as [91] in the
case of word does not stand in the way of this ex-
planation is shown by the example of world (not
occurring in rimes), where [o] is unanimously recorded
by Ellis's 16th c. authorities (Bullokar, Gill, Butler).
Nor, apparently, need sword be excluded ; for although
no e. Mod. E. testimony for [o] in this word is known,
and [e] is the vowel used in rimes in the M. E.
Havelok, Robert of Brunne's Chronicle, and Chaucer,
there are also unambiguous M. E. rimes with [o]-words in
the North as well as in Kent (cf . Sweet, H. E. S., p. 308 *).
We may be more succinct in the treatment of
similar groups. Of the riming words in -ort, short
(O. E. sceorf) has certainly [o], Gill's vowel (Walker,
1 As to O. E. forms of sword, world (original vowel,
e] cf. Biilbring, Altenglisches Elementarbuch, Heidelberg
1902, pp. 107-8.
80 VOWELS.— [o] IN ON. [Chap. XIV.
"6"). Then we find [o] in Gill for the (originally) F.
words report, resort, sport, whence we may adopt
it for sort and support (Walker gives "6" in sort,
but "6" in resort , and "6" answering to the Exp.
Orth.'s [ur] — in sport and support).
The following riming words in -orn occur in the
poems : born (and new-born} , forlorn, horn, morn,
o'erworn (and outworn), scorn, sworn (an&fortworn\
thorn, torn. Again we have Gill's testimony for [o],
supported by Walker's "6," in born, forlorn, horn,
morn, scorn; also [o] in Gill, but "6" in Walker, for
o'erworn (and outworn], torn; finally [o:] in Gill and
"6" in Walker, for sworn (and for sworn). The e. Mod.
E. [o:] in the past participles is easily explained by
the dissyllabic M. E. forms in -$ren, the [o] being the
vowel of the monosyllabic forms in -orn. That there
was no fixed usage is also illustrated by the fact that
Bullokar writes [01] in born, and [o] in borne, Gill [o]
in both ; whilst Walker, who is followed by present Nor-
thern E., gives the long vowel to borne, the short vowel
to born. For all we know Shakespeare may have
adhered to [o] in all the words concerned. — The rime
forlorn me : scorn I : mourn I, introducing the word
mourn (O. E. murnan) is found in an anonymous poem,
PP 18. 265. As we have admitted [o] in forlorn, scorn,
and words in -orn generally, the most probable Shake-
spearian pronunciation of the vowel in mourn would be
[u]. Although [ui], leading to Walker's "6" and the
modern [o:], or [o:], is the only vowel met with in the
16th and 17th c., [3], which presupposes [u], is given
beside [ui] by Jones (1701).
Forth (O. E. forf) and worth s. and a. (O. E.
weorp, wurp, also late North, worf] are regularly
§53- RIMES IN [o] AND [u], AND WORDS IN -OXZ>,~OKT,&C. 81
made to rime. There is no doubt that in early
Mod. E. [u:] was used in forth, e. g., by Gill and
Cooper, and [u] in both words— in forth by Bullokar,
in worth by Bullokar and Gill. Besides, Walker's
"6" in forth favours [u:], whilst his "u" in worth
corresponds to [u]. We cannot, however, be sure that
[o] did not still exist in forth (as probably in afford,
ford, board, and certainly in hoard, word, world).
It may be indicated by the 16th and 17th c. spelling
forrth, which can hardly have been [fur6], a form which
is better represented by furthe, furth 14th to 16th c.
Still it seems safer to adopt [u:] or [u] instead of a
merely conjectural [o]. I prefer Bullokar's [u], as yield-
ing a correct rime according to Bullokar and Gill.
The next group is formed by the riming words
force, horse, remorse. Horse certainly has [o]. The
vowel in force is given as [o:] by Bullokar and Gill,
as [u:] by Cooper and the Exp. Orth., and again as
"6" by Walker, but also (including enforce) as [o] by
Bullokar and Gill (twice ; in forced = "forsed" and
= "forst"). Remorse, according to Walker, wavers
between "6" and "6."— Worse (O. E. ie, v, later on, u)
only rimes with curse, nurse (as worst with accurst
TG 5. 4. 72). The vowel is [u].
Work v. also presents [u]. It rimes with lurk PP
19. 335 (anon.). Cf. work : Turk Oth 2. 1. 116.
BEFORE VELARS. As in other poets of the time,
words in -ong from O. E. -ang, -yng, and in -ung, -oung,
-ongue from O. E. -ung, freely rime together. Among,
which belongs to the former class, has the pronuncia-
tion of the latter class in present E., [u] first appearing
in Butler, whilst Bullokar and Gill still give [o]. It
is interesting to see that [u] takes the place of [o],
Victor, Shakespeare's Pronunciation. I. 6
82 VOWELS.— [oi] IN JOY. [Chap. XV.
or is used by its side, in long, wrong in the modern
South War. and neighbouring dialects (Ellis, V, pp. 113,
115). In the absence of other indications of [u] for [o]
on the part of contemporary authorities it would, how-
ever, be rash to admit [u], except perhaps in among.
CHAPTER XV,
VOWELS. — [oi] IN JOY.
§ 54. General value. For oi, oy the early Mod.
E. orthoepists as a rule give [oi]. According to Smith
(Ellis, I, pp. 131-2) the first element is short and not
much different from [u], i. e., probably close. Hart
(ib., p. 132) gives [bue:] for boy, [huei] for hoy, [buei]
for buoy. Bullokar (as I gather from a dissertation
on Bullokar's phonology, as yet unprinted, by Ed.
Hauck) has [u:i] in buoy, toil, and [yii] in joist (juist),
[oi] in all remaining words spelled with oi. Gill
(Ellis, pp. 883-4-, Jiriczek, p. 166) rejects] [bue] and
characterizes [boi] as Northern E. He himself pro-
nounces [buoi], which comes near to Butler's [bwoe]
(Ellis, p. 133). With Wallis (ib.) oy in boy, toys, &c.
is "6y" = [oi], or probably [ai]; oi in boil, toil, &c.,
"oi" = [si] (not the general value), the [3] no doubt
representing an earlier [u]. Luick has tried to show
(Anglia, XIV, pp. 294-302) that words with early
Mod. E. [ui] (later [si]) and with [oi] represent two
different etymological groups, [ui] answering to L.
o or u -h i, and to L. o -f- l~ ; [oi] to L. au 4- i, to
Central F. oi from ei, to L. o, u -h i after certain
consonants, and to L. o -f- /. I do not think Luick's
§55-1 RIMES. 83
deductions convincing, except perhaps in the case of
words in -oil. Besides, some of the examples from
Bullokar and Gill are in want of correction (cf. Jiriczek,
and the forthcoming edition of Bullokar by Hauck). —
We shall now consider the rimes in the poems.
§ 55. Rimes. All the words in -oy : annoy, boy,
coy, destroy, enjoy, joy, toy, Troy may be transcribed
with the diphthong [oi]; boy either with or without
the preceding [u] or [w] demanded by Gill and Butler.
Coin and join would belong to the first of Luick ;s
groups. The quotation from Bullokar, however,
appears to be erroneous; the Exp. Orth. and Lediard
(both [gi]) are very late. As to join, Bullokar gives
[oi], not [ui]; Gill, [u:i] (rather than [ui]), but also
[oi] and [y:i] ; so Mulcaster (1582) remains as the only
witness for [ui], until we reach Lediard's [si] (1725).
Also boil, foil, spoil are [ui]-words according to
Luick. Gill indeed gives [u:i] (not, as Luick says,
[oi]), whilst Bullokar 's [ui] in boil is not supported by
Hauck. Smith's [ui] in foil proves little (cf. § 54). To
Mulcaster's [ui] may be added Gill's [u;i] (s.). Spoil
with Bullokar has [oi], not [ui] ; with Gill, [u:i]. For
spoil Bullokar gives [uii]; Gill, mostly [u;i], but
twice [oi]; it is one of the words in which Wallis
gives [ai] as well as [oi]. So we cannot decide
whether [oi] or [ui] ([uii]) is to be assigned to Shake-
speare.
Voice (L. o -f- i) rimes once with juice, where ui
must be [iui] (cf. § 23). But it also rimes with noise,
and with rejoice (both L. au -f- /), and in our autho-
rities it has [oi] only, which we retain.
OF THf
UNIVERSITY
or
I UN!>
X£*
84 VOWELS. — [ui] IN TOO. [Chap. XVIL
CHAPTER XVI.
VOWELS. — [ou] IN OWN.
§ 56. General value. Apart from the sound of
ow in now (from M. E. ou, ow = [u:])? only one
kind of [ou] appears in early Mod. E., corresponding
to M. E. ou, ow — [ou] (various shades) in own
and in ought, and also to M. E. o, or rather Q, fol-
lowed by I, in old. The W. authorities generally
express it by "ow," but, when final, and occasionally
elsewhere, also by "o." Smith, Bullokar and Gill render
it as [o;u]; before ght, Gill sometimes gives [ou],
a notation which he regularly uses for the vowel in now.
Gill's warning "non knb'n sed knoun" (cf. § 48) shows
that certain speakers omitted the second element of
the diphthong in known. A distinction between [o;]:
and [ou] seems intended by Mason (Brotanek, pp. XXXI t
xxxvit) who writes F. "au" or "au" for ou, ow in
bloiv, sotil, show, and "6" for o in coals, hope, &c.
(only once "au" for oa in oats}. Wallis agrees with
Gill in observing (Ellis, I, p. 156) that the vowels in
soul, sold, snow were usually pronounced "per o
apertum [read, "6 rotundum"?], et <w" but by other
speakers simply "per 6 rotundum acsi scripta essent
sole, sold, sno &c."— Probably the first element of the
diphthong was long, and a more exact notation would
be [o:u].
§ 57. Rimes in [ou] and [uw], [u:]. A rime
that might also be considered as a rime in [ou] and
[uw] instead of a rime in [01] followed by [w] and
[uw], viz. froward : coward, has been mentioned in
§ 50 Three rimes of words in [ou] with brow are
§ 58-] GENERAL VALUE. 85
to be added : glow VA 337, grow VA 141, and mow
v. S. 60. 12. There are more cases in the plays : low
("mooing") : cow MA 5. 4. 48; growing: allowing
WT 4. 1. 16, and growing : bowing T 4. 1. 1 1 2 ; known :
town H8 prol. 23; controls -.fowls CE 2. 1. 19; souls :
fowls CE 2. 1. 22 ; four : hour LL 5. 2. 367. All these
rimes favour diphthongal [ou], not [01] ; but cf. § 48.
Know : woo MN 5. 1. 137 (Quince, as Prologue)
is a poor rime in [ou] and [u:]. The two words would
certainly form a correct rime in Chaucer; but in LC 182
*woo, misprinted vow, rimes with unto ; woo : two occurs
MV 2.9.75; whilst woo : ago RJ 3.4.8, if indeed
meant for a rime, can be explained as indicated in § 49.
CHAPTER XVII,
VOWELS. — fui] IN TOO.
§ 58. General value. Just as M. E. e appears
as [i:], [ii] in early Mod. E., so M. E. o has reached
the stage of [ui], [u:]. The Hymn to the Virgin and
Salesbury write "w," the W. sign for [u:] and [u].
Palsgrave (Ellis, I, p. 149), however, does not identify
F. ou or It. u with E. oo, but says that it is "almost"
sounded as E. ow in cow. Bullokar (Ellis, I, p. 93;
but cf. Sweet, H. E. S., p. 238, and my own Phonetik
des Deutschen, Englischen und Franzosischen, 5th ed.,
p. 74) takes the latter sound as = [u:], whilst de-
scribing E. oo as a sound between [ui] and [o:], i. e.
[u:]. He as well as Gill and Butler considers oo as
the long of short u} as in sun, US, which was pro-
86 VOWELS.— [u:] IN TOO. [Chap. XVII.
bably [u] (§ 61). Du Gres and later authors do not
discriminate between F. ou or It. u and E. oo. The
rimes in fo:] and [ui] (§ 49) would suit [u:] better
than [u:]; and the same may be said of those to be
considered in the two following sections.
§ 59. Rimes in [u:] and [u]. BEFORE LABIALS. In
doom: come S 107.4, 116.12, 145.7; tomb : come
S 17. 3, one might suppose the vowel of come to have
been lengthened in an open syllable (to M. E. 5 —
[o:], and to early Mod. E. [u:]). But there are also
the rimes entomb : dumb RL 1121; tomb -.dumb S
83.12, 101.11.
Rimes in -ove — present E. [uiv], [uwv], and in
-ove — present E. [av], are frequent in Shakespeare's
time. In his poems we find approve : love s. and
love v. ; move : love s. (also in Marlowe's poem PP 20)
and v.; prove: love s. (11 times) and v. (twice);
remove : love s. (3 times, and once LC, once PP 18) and
v. ; reprove : love s. ; removed pp. : beloved; proved
pp.: loved pt. and pp.; moving : loving ; removing :
loving; reproving g. and p. : loving ; approve her :
love her ; prove me : love thee. Again, there is in love
(O. E. u in an open syllable) the possibility of the long
vowel [u:], which may, however, have been traditional
rather than actually used; it is represented by Smith,
whilst Bullokar has once [u], once [o] (perhaps indicating
[u])7 and Gill only [u] in a great number of cases.—
Of course, many more similar rimes are to be found
in the plays.
BEFORE DENTALS. There is a general uncertainty
as to the vowel-length of words in -ood. Of those
occurring in rimes in the poems, brood, food, mood
even now have [ui] ; the obsolete a. wood ("mad")
§ 6o. RIMES IN [u] AND [uw]. 87
wavers between [ui] and [u]; good, -hood (in liveli-
hood), stood (and understood), wood s., present [u];
and blood, flood are pronounced with [3]. The vowel
in all these words is M. E. o; in most cases from
O. E. 6 (through p from O. E. d in -hood; from O. E.
u, lengthened to M. E. o in an open syllable, in wood s.).
So [u:] is to be expected, and is actually reported, in
early Mod. E. in brood, food, mood. It is retained
in blood, flood, good by Smith, who, however, in good
also gives [u] ; in -hood by Gill ; in stood by Bullokar
and Gill;1 whilst [u] in blood, flood, good, wood s.
seems to be the usual Elizabethan sound. For [u] in
icood s. and a. we have the authority of Gill. — As to
rimes in the plays see Ellis, III, p. 961.
Foot and root, which rime together RL 664,
both have [u:]. In foot it is supported by Bullokar,
Gill, and Wallis; in root Bullokar has [o:] (Hauck),
which is probably meant for [ui] (the vowel given by
Ellis), Bullokar's [u:] being more exactly [o: •»•] or [u:]
(g 58).— Foot : boot ("profit") H« 4. 6. 53.
Noon : son S 7. 13 is an unquestionable rime in
[u:] and [u].
§ 60. Rimes in [ui] and [uw]. Moon : Biron
LL 4.3.230, mentioned by Ellis (L c.) under the
heading "Long o with long oo" rather belongs to the
present class of rimes, Biron being Berowne in the
Q and F.
It is the same with Moor : deflour TA 2.3.190
(ib., p. 954).
1 It is doubtful whether Florio's stud in the passage
quoted in § 46 is meant for stood or stud.
88 VOWELS.— [uw] IN HOW. [Chap. XIX.
CHAPTER XVIII.
VOWELS. — [u] IN UP.
§ 61. General value. M. E. u is generally re-
presented as "w," i. e. [u] (W. w\ in the Hymn and by
Salesbury. In a number of words, however, the Hymn
prefers "y." As in such, trusty, u was possibly [y]
(F. u), "y," which is usually "mixed" [i], might be
intended to indicate that sound. But this explanation
would not do for sun, son, some, love, which the
Hymn also writes with "y." A second value of W.
v being [91] or [9], as in dy, yn, Sweet (p. 219) sup-
poses "y" to be meant for an [u]-sound lower in pitch,
and nearer the obscure [9], than close [u], i. e. for [u],
which is plausible. The [y]-sound seems to be pointed out
by Salesbury's "u" (W. u = - "mixed" [u]) in trust,
bury, busy, Huberden. The E. orthoepists consider
E. ti as the short of E. oo, whilst the Fr. authors
compare it with their ou == close [u]. Florio, however,
identifies E. u in "Bun, Dug, Tun, Flud, Gud" =
bun, dug, tun, good, and in "Rud, Stud," which are
probably meant for rood, stood, with It. close [o] (cf.
§ 46), and a Grammaire Angloise of 1625 (Phon. Stud.,
Ill, p. 189) even says that it is pronounced "quasi
comme les Francois sonnent leur O. Example: up,
upon, upsydowne." We can hardly doubt that E. w
in the beginning of the 17th c. was open [u], i. e.,
more exactly, [u]. An obscure [3] as the general
value of E. u is indicated only by Wallis, who com-
pares E. u not only in turn, burn, but also in dull,
cut, with F. eu in serviteur, sacrificateur , &c.
No new rimes are to be mentioned.
§ 62.] GENERAL VALUE. 89
CHAPTER XIX.
VOWELS. — [uw] IN HOW.
§ 62. General value. The diphthongal nature
of the sound developed from M. E. u is recognized
earlier than in the case of that developed from M. E. i.
The Hymn and Salesbury render it by "ow," which
in W. would mean [ou], though ow is not a regular
W. diphthong; so we have "now, owr, down, owt" for
now, our, down, out in the Hymn, and "now, ddow"
for now, thou, but also "dowbyl" for double in Sales-
bury. The same sign is used in sowl (also "o"), old,
sold (Hymn), whilst final [ou] is mostly expressed by
"o" (yet Salesbury writes "ow" in low v. "mugire").
Also Cheke and Smith give [ou], which Smith distin-
guishes from [o:u] in bow "arcus." Hart has [ou:] in
tower, flower, but also in fowerth = fourth, and in
poure —pour. Gill agrees with Smith in representing
ow in bow "arcus" as [o:u], ou in bough as [ou], not-
withstanding the fact that he treats M. E. $ as a simple
"/' crassa." According to Cotgrave-Sherwood ow in now
is almost F. eu , and own in brown almost F. euen.
This seems to anticipate Wallis, who says that ou in
house is pronounced "sono . . . composite ex b vel u
obscuris, et w" i. e. = [au]. On the other hand, •
Palsgrave describes E. ow in cow as "almost" F.
ou. Bullokar even considers it as the long of the
vowel in son, i. e. of [u], or, more exactly, [u].
Mulcaster finds that o in this "diphthong" sounds
"more upon the, u, then upon the, o"; and Mason
does not object to transcribing how twice by F. "hou,"
once also using "haou" (where "aou" is possibly F.
90 CONSONANTS. — LABIALS. [Chap. XX.
aou = ou in aoust; cf. Brotanek, p. xxxix). These
contradictory statements will best be reconciled by
assuming M. E. a = [u:] to have passed through the
stages [ui], [uu], [uu], and possibly [ou] (both with
"mixed" vowels), and [au] between about 1500 and
1650. I write [uw], which will do for any of the inter-
mediate stages [uu], [im], and [Ou].
§ 63. Rimes. Most of the rimes which deserve
notice having been previously examined, I need only
allude here to ours : progenitors (progenitours Q)
RL 1757. Taking into account such other rimes as
orator : singular : publisher t conspirator : ravisher in
the same poem (cf. § 30), the pronunciation of the
final syllable of progenito(u)rs suggested by the above
rime must at first appear strangely archaic. If -o(u)r,
on the other hand, was simply [er] with a tendency to
[er] (cf. 1. c.), the rime is certainly bad. But the
full termination [uwr] is actually recorded in the word
empero(u)r by Gill, and its equivalent [u:r] by Bullo-
kar (Hauck). So ours : progenitofujrs is a perfect
rime in [uwr].
CHAPTER XX.
CONSONANTS. — LABIALS.
§ 64. Stops. — [b], [p]. The rimes of words in
-omb, -umb, and in -oom, -ome, seem to show that
final [b] after [m] had not unconditionally been dropped
in the pronunciation of Shakespeare. Entomb rimes
with dumb ; tomb with come, dumb (twice), and womb ;
§ 65. NASAL.— [m]. 91
womb with tomb ; dumb with entomb and tomb (twice).
On the other hand, doom rimes with come (3 times),
groom, room, and Rome (twice); groom with doom
and Rome; Rome with doom (twice), and groom;
room with doom. In climb (clime Q) : crime : time
RL 775 the [b] is, however, neglected ; and the same
is the case in limb : him R2 3. 2. 187. Limb (Limbe
F) is M. E. Urn, and Smith pronounces [Km]; cf. the
Q spellings Inn VA 1067, and nums (for numbs,
from M. E. nomen pp.) VA 892 (cf. Wiirzner, Die
Orthographic der ersten Quart-Ausgabe von Venus
and Adonis und Lucrece, Wien, 1887, p. 14). But
also of climb, dumb, &c. forms without b occur even
in M. E., and Gill renders lamb as "lam" = [laem].
The pseudo-etymological b in debt (debtor) and doubt
is, of course, mute, although the pedant Holofernes de-
nounces dout, det, instead of doubt, debt (LL 5. 1. 22-4).
The rimes are conclusive; besides, debt RL 649 is
spelled det, debtors RL 964, 1155, defter s in the Q.
The voiceless stop [p] hardly calls for any
remarks. Gill retains [p] in empty. Whether it was
pronounced in initial pn-, ps-, pt-, we have no means
of deciding. The p in the Q spellings conceipt, deceipt
RL 1423, 1507 was not sounded; cf. § 28.
§ 65. Nasal. — [m]. We find [m] riming with
[n] in blemish -.replenish RL 1358; remember 'd:
tender' d S 120.9; temp(e)ring : ven t(u)ring VA 565.
Then there is empty: plenty T 4. 1. Ill, to pass over
the rime in the jingle TS 3.2.84 (cf. p. 45); and
even simple rimes occur such as betime : Valentine H
4. 5. 49 (song) ; him : win TC 3. 3. 213 ; dooms : moons
P 3. 32 (Gower), and a few similar ones in the same
play; and [m] rimes with [i)] in come: sung P 1. 2
"92 CONSONANTS. — LABIALS. [Chap. XX.
(Gower). In spite of numerous rimes of this kind
in other Elizabethan authors, and of Ben Jonson's
statement — which looks like a classical reminiscence —
that m and n are "much alike" (Van Dam and Stoffel,
William Shakespeare, Prosody and Text, Leyden, 1900.
p. 108), one need not consider rimes in [m] and [n],
and rimes in [m] and [ij], as typically different from
other assonances , such as open : broken VA 48 ; S
61. 1.1— As to syllabic [,m], cf. § 69. 2
§ 66. Continuants.— [w], [hw]. The "semivowel"
[w] does not seem to have differed from what it is now. —
Ini-lial w before r, as in wrong, was still sounded as
[w|. This is a point on which all contemporary
authorities agree.— Short [ae] following [w], as in was,
war, quash, had, as a rule, not yet been affected by
the labio-velar articulation of [w], the rimes being
supported by respellings such as Gill's "was" = [waez],
"war" = [waer] , "kwash" = = [kwsej], &c. A trace
of the labio-velar influence of [w] is, however, appa-
rent in the transcription "water" = [waiter], for water,
once used by Gill instead of his more frequent render-
ings "water" =» [wseiter], and "water" = [wseter]
(§ 39).
As unanimously recorded as the sounding of [w] in
wr- is the aspiration of [w] in initial wh, which is
1 Van Dam and Stoffel (1. c.) explain the strange
rime . . . only in : ... of good 'women H8 epil. 9 , by
assuming the pronunciation [wim] for women, with apocope
of -en. This is probably better than the expedients men-
tioned by Ellis (III, p. 954). Perhaps we might even do
without the apocope of -en, and read [wimn]. The full form
given by Gill is [wimen].
2 For -om from [,m] in bosom, blossom, &c. the
authorities of the time give [urn] and [om].
§ 67.] CONTINUANTS.-— [v], [f]. 93~
mostly transcribed as fhw] or [hu]. If Ellis and Sweet
are right, Gill, though retaining the digraph "wh,"
is the first to recognize the sound of wh as a simple
consonant. After explaining that the aspiration pre-
cedes the [w], and that wheel, e. g., might be written
"hwil" or "huil," he proceeds (Jiriczek, p. 27): "Tamen
quia nostra experientia docet, w et wh, veras esse
simplicesque consonas, in quarum elatione u suggrunnit
tantum, non clara vocalis auditur"; therefore, whilst
w rightly keeps its ground, wh is "mala tantum con-
suetudine" admitted in what, &c. Gill's real meaning
possibly is that wh was [hw] rather than [hu]. — The
inorganic h in whole is recognized by Bullokar and
Gill, who both pronounce [hwoil], whilst wholesome,
unwholesome have [h] only, according to Gill (cf.
the Q spelling unholdsome RL 779, 870).
§ 67. Continuants.— [v], [f]. As to the use of [v],
we need only say that the weak [ov], for of, existed
by the side of the strong [of], and even was the usual
form. Gill mentions it as such together with [fait],
[ba:m], [ta:k], &c., instead of [failt], fbailm], [ta:lk]
(fault, balm, talk), &c., the latter being forms affected
by the learned, and, indeed, also preferred by Gill.
Like the earlier authorities he regularly renders of
as [of].
To what extent Shakespeare pronounced gh as
[f], it is not easy to determine. As we have seen be-
fore (§ 52), nought: oft PP 19.340 is not a probable
Shakespearian rime. Daughter rimes with slaughter
RL 953, but daughter also with after WT 4. 1. 27
(Time, as Chorus); TS 1.1. 245 (where the rime "may
be meant as ludicrous"; Ellis, III, 963); KL 1.4.341,
the other riming words being caught her, slaughter ^
94 CONSONANTS. — DENTALS. [Chap. XXI.
halter (in a song of the Fool). After seems to esta-
blish an [f]-sound in caught, daughter, and slaughter.
R. Grant White quotes caught : shaft from Chapman,
and man-slaughter : after from Barclay (Ellis, p. 967) ;
Butler and Jones mention occasional pronunciations of
daughter as [daefter] and [daiftar]; and we still have
[f] in laughter, as in laugh and draught (and also in
cough, enough, &c.). Yet, if we adopt [f] for gh in
all the words concerned, the rime is still spoiled by
the riming word halter, which was probably [baiter].
Now, arter, i. e. [aita], is a well-known vulgar and
dialectal pronunciation of after (cf. N. E. D.), other
dialectal forms without [f] being [oita] (e. g. in War-
wick), [ate], [aeito], [seta], &c. (cf. E. D. D.) ; and the
rime hereafter : water is adduced by Van Dam and
Stoffel (p. 85) from Sylvester (1621). The most
plausible conclusion is that gh in Shakespeare's pro-
nunciation of caught, daughter, slaughter was either
a weak [x], or altogether silent, and that / in after
with him was likewise, at least occasionally, mute
(probably [aiter] , the present [oita]). — There is no
doubt about [f] in laugh, which rimes with staff CE
3. 1. 50. For draff, riming with laugh MW 4. 2. 109,
the F has draugh, but also in this word, M. E. draf,
[f] is the etymological sound. Gill, who has [laux],
[lauxter], considers [laef] as dialectal.— Enough : rough
VA 235 is ambiguous; but cf. enough : Macduff M
5. 8. 34. Also in enough Gill prefers [x], once writ-
ing [f].
§§ 68. 69.] STOPS.— [d], [t]. NASAL.— [n]. 95
CHAPTER XXI.
CONSONANTS. — DENTALS.
§ 68. Stops.— [d], [t]. Nothing need be said
about the voiced dental stop [d]. In such words as
chasten, thistle, whistle the [t]-sound is retained by Sales-
bury, Bullokar, and Gill ; but brissle, brisling, bussling,
for bristle, bristling, bustling, occur in the F, and
other examples of the dropping of [t] from the middle
or the end of consonantal groups are frequent in spelling,
and not wanting in rimes; cf. e. g. wan(t)st Q of
KL, even(t)sf affects(t), exists(t) F; fleets(t) : sweets
S 19. 5, detects him : checks him R3 1. 4. 140 (Van Dam
and Stoffel, pp. 81 , 83).— That [t] was either pro-
nounced or omitted in the combination nch, we see
from Gill, who writes "branch," "branchez," but also
"branshez," for branch, branches. — It may also be
noted that ch in ache s. was [tj], and not [k], as it is
at present, the word (O. E. ece) having now com-
pletely adapted itself to the v. (O. E. acan).
§ 69. Nasal.— [n]. Syllabic [,n], like syllabic
[,m] , is indicated by Bullokar by an acute accent,
placed over the letter, whilst Gill simply writes "brokn,"
"ivn," "opn," for broken, even s. and a., open, &c.,
the e being once retained in "he?;enz" = heavens
(beside his usual "hezm" or "he-zm"). Words of this
type are promiscuously used as dissyllabic or mono-
syllabic in Shakespeare; e. g. tven virtue JC 2. 1. 133;
hdaven shines VA 193; but Even ds the sun VA 1;
heaven that we're VA 730. The monosyllabic forms
were also printed ev'n, heav'n, &c., the contractions
96 CONSONANTS. — DENTALS. [Chap. XXL
e'en, een being a further development of ev'n.1 — Final
[In] in fallen, swollen, &c. often appears as -Ine ;
e. g. new falne snow VA 354.
§ 70. Liquids. — [1]. The velar modification of
[1] is shown by the frequent insertion of // between
a or o and / in such words as ha(u)lf, fo(u)lk, &c.
in spelling, and the subsequent loss of [1] in pronun-
ciation. The examples just mentioned were, according
to Gill, more frequently pronounced [ha:f], [fo:k], only
"docti aliqui viri" reading, and sometimes saying,
[hailf], [foilk]. Balk v. (cf. O. E. balca, bale; M. E.
balke s.) rimes with hawk RL 696, and is spelled
bauk Q. — In should the / was sounded by Shake-
speare, as, e. g., by Bullokar and Gill; cf. should-,
cool'd VA 385. Various orthoepists testify also to
the [1] in could and would. — Alablaster for alabaster
is the usual early Mod. E. form; it occurs VA 363
and RL 419 (Wiirzner, 1. c., p. 13).
Syllabic [,1], for which special symbols are used
by Bullokar and Hart, rimes with itself in invisible:
sensible VA 434, and occurs in the middle of the
word disdbled, riming with strtimpettd, S 66. 8. Other
instances, e. g. ddssUd TG 2.4.210, fiddler TS
2. 1. 158, mostly from the end of a speech, or at least
of a line, are to be found in Van Dam and Stoffel,
p. 10.
§ 71. Liquids. — [r]. The exact value of Shake-
speare's [r], initial, medial, and final, can hardly be
determined. Ben Jonson may be correct in stating
1 I cannot agree with Van Dam and Stoffel (pp. 65,
106, 108) in thinking that hea'n, or heav' , and eve, or rather
the corresponding spoken forms, for heaven, even (a. and
av.), were usual modes of shortening in early Mod. E.
& 7i. LIQUIDS. — [r]. 97
(cf. Sweet, p. 264) that r was "sounded firme in the
beginning of the words, and more liquid in the middle,
and ends: as in rarer, viper"-, but, although such
rimes as first : must (Surrey), scarce : case (Brooke),
behold: world (Gold ing), are occasionally met within
Shakespeare's time, it is not probable that final r, and
r preceding consonants , were vocalized to [3] , or
dropped altogether. *
As may now best be seen from Wright's E. D.
Gr. (§§ 259, 260), [r] has remained intact in all
positions in the dialects of Scotland, Ireland, and parts
of the North Country, whilst in the remaining parts
of England medial [r] before a consonant, and final
[r] followed by a consonant in the next word, have
disappeared, generally with lengthening or diphthon-
gization of the preceding vowel. Before a pause,
final [r] is still slightly trilled in the Northern and
North-Midland dialects, but has become [3] in the
parts of England not mentioned above. The articu-
lation of [rj is mostly dental (or alveolar), a uvular
[r] (= [R]) being used in Northumberland, and a
reverted [r] in the South and South-west.
It is important to note that no lengthening of
the vowel is indicated by the early Mod. E. autho-
rities in such words as far, fir, for, whereas Gill's
renderings seem to show that a glide-vowel — [e], [e],
or [3] — was developed between [i:], or diphthongs
ending in [i]? [j] or [w], and a following [r]. He
writes, e. g., "d'ier," "dierz" for deer (dear), deers ;
"aier," "aier" for air (but rarely "faier," "faier," in-
1 Van Dam and Stoffel, who record the above rimes,
and various "phonetic spellings" with dropping of r (p. 79),
are of different opinion.
Victor, Shakespeare's Pronunciation. L 7
98 PALATALS AND VELARS, &c. [Chap. XXII.
stead of the frequent "fair/' "fair/' for fair); "fjer"
(but also "fjr") for fire; "ouer" for hour ("our" being
used for our), &c. The ""ie" in deer, dear, and the
"je" in fire, hire, he considers as diphthongs, but
remarks that "aeri" = airy is almost trisyllabic. Of
course, "er" may really be meant for syllabic [,r],
as "en" once stands for [,n] in "hei;enz" (cf. § 68).
Salesbury indeed writes "lad-dr" for ladder, "thwndr"
for thunder, &c., but also "papyr" for paper ', "kwarter"
for quarter, "tsintsir" for ginger, &c., and Bullokar
has no special sign for [,r], as for [,1], [,m], and [,n].
Syllabic -r, -re, whether — [er] or [,r], occurs e. g.
T 1. 2. 5 (fire out), S 6. 1 (hours thdt, spelled howers
that Q), &c. (cf. Van Dam and Stoffel, p. 11). There
are many rimes such as relier : desire : retire RL 639,
flower : devour RL 1254, flower : hour VA 1188, &c.
§ 72. Continuants. — [d], [e]. These sounds were,
on the whole, used as at present. With, however,
was pronounced [wi0J and [wid], the former being the
strong, the latter the weak form (cf. § 67, on of).
The strong form is the one suggested by the rime
teeth : with VA 269.
§ 73. Continuants.-[z], [si; [z], [J]. Of the four
early Mod. E. sibilants, which in other respects cor-
respond to those in present use, the third existed only
in the combination [d;], e. g. in joy, judge. The
simple [z,] in such words as division, osier, pleasure
is not recognized before the second half of the 17th c.,
earlier orthoepists using [zi] in division, osier, and [z]
(before [y:]) in pleasure, instead of the modern [5];
just as they retain [si] for [ J] in passion, nation, and
[t] for [J] in nature, &c.
§ 74'6-] STOPS. NASAL. CONTINUANTS. 99
There are still traces of strong forms such as "is,"
"was" = [is], [waes] for is, was in Gill, who, however,
as a rule employs the weak "iz," "waz" = [iz], [waez].
CHAPTER XXII.
CONSONANTS. — PALATALS AND VELARS, &c.
§ 74. Stops.— [g], [k]. That initial kn-, as in
know , was still pronounced [kn] , is abundantly
proved by phonetic notations. In all probability initial
gn-, as in gnat, was treated in the same way and
pronounced [gn]. — Gill's renderings of benign =
''benign" or "beningn," and condign = "codign"
or "condingn" i. e. [benign] or [be'niijn], [kon'dign]
or [kon'dii)n], deserve to be noted.
§ 75. Nasal. — [i)]. With regard to ng we can-
not do better than rely on the transcriptions in Gill's
edition of 1619, as explained by Jiriczek, pp. XLLI— L.
According to these, final ng , as in king, was pro-
nounced [ij], as it is now; ng between vowels, as in
anger, but also in hanged (dissyllabic), hanging, was
[ijg]; ng before consonants, as in amongst, but also
in England, English, [ij], the combination [ijg] only
being retained in derivatives from words with inter-
vocal [gg], as in angry, from anger. — As to benign,
condign, cf. § 74.
§ 76. Continuants.— [j], fc]. As in the case of
[w], [j] also appears to have been the same "semivowel"
as at present.
E. gh in knight, &c. is rendered by W. "ch,"
which is [x], both in the Hymn and by Salesbury,
who, however, remarks that the English sound their
100 PALATALS AND VELARS, &c. [Chap. XXI L
"gh softly, not in the neck, and we sound ch from
the depth of our throats and more harshly" (Sweet,
p. 259). This would exclude [x], but not [c], which
is the sound to be expected after a palatal vowel. Whilst
most of the remaining authorities denote gh by "h,"
Gill uses an "h" crossed after the manner of "f" or
"t." He considers the sound as equal to that of Gr.
j£, and distinguishes it from the aspirate. But Smith
gives both "lint" = [liht] l and "lit" = [lijt] for light,
and "fit" = [fijt] l for fight.
Whether Shakespeare still pronounced the voiceless
continuants [c] in light, and [x] in caught, &c., cannot
be ascertained with certainty from the rimes. There
are in the poems many more riming words with
original -ight, than with original -ite ; and of the
latter, delight s. and v., despite (despight) , spite
(spight), and sprite (spright) must be set aside, be-
cause the inorganic gh may have influenced the pro-
nunciation of Shakespeare, as it did that of Bullokar
in the word delight. Thus only the following rimes
of words in -ite remain : appetite (1 rime in -ite, 2 in
-ight, and 1 with delight), convertite (1 rime in -ight),
quite (2 rimes in -ite, 1 in -ight\ recite (1 rime in
-ite\ rite (1 rime in -ite\ white (1 rime in -ite, 17 in
-ight, and 1 with despite), write (1 rime in -ite, 4 in
-ight). If Shakespeare did pronounce gh in -ight, the
sound of gh was hardly more than a weak [c], and
possibly mere [h].
In high (hie Q of VA) and nigh (ny, nye Qq
of VA and LC) gh was probably silent (see the rimes)
Gill (Jiriczek, pp. 187, 199) mostly writes crossed "h,"
1 Not, in my opinion, = [leit], [feit], as Ellis and Sweet
suppose. Cf. § 18.
vj 77.] CONTINUANTS. — [x]. 101
but also has "hj" == [hij], and "nj" == [nij]. The forms
hy and n(e)y appear also in M. E., and are used by
Chaucer. Final M. E. -gh from O. E. -h (hdah, neah ;
h£h, ne'h) was dropped, because medial O. E. h was
regularly lost in the inflected forms. — Also in neigh
and neighbour the gh seems to have been mute in
the pronunciation of Shakespeare. These words are
mentioned by Holof ernes, LL 5. 1. 25 — 26, who com-
plains about their being abbreviated to ne and nebour.
Neigh (O. E. n&gari) belongs to the same class of
words as key (cf. § 28), and may have been [ne:], as
key was [ke:] (and is, for that reason, at present [ki:]) ;
the -gh is inorganic. In neighbour, neigh- is O. E.
neah, ne'h, followed by the prefix ge of gebur. If
treated in the same way as flea (O. E. fleah\ lea
(O. E. Uah\ with loss of -h, O. E. ndah- became early
Mod. E. [ne:]; whilst the present spelling and pro-
nunciation point to the development of the diphthong
ei = [aei] (because interchanging with «/), the retention
of the palatal consonant being apparently testified
to by the spelling -gh (but cf. gh in neigh). Both
phonetic forms are given by Price (1668).
§ 77. Continuants. — [x]. When preceded by velar
vowels or diphthongs, gh(t) is treated in a similar way
by the orthoepists of the time. There seems to be
no example of velar gh in the Hymn and in Salesbury.
Bullokar uses his sign for voiceless [w] (or [AY])
in transcribing bough = [buM] and bought = [boMt]
(Hauck). Gill has his crossed "h" in all the words
concerned. — As regards the rimes in the poems, those
in -atigh, -aughter and in -ough have already been
considered in § 67. Words in -ought only rime with
each other -, except nought : oft, on which see § 52.
102 STRESS AND RHYTHM. [Chap. XXIII.
No riming words in -out, pronounced [out], being extant,
the question as to the phonetic value of gh in -ought
is again left undecided. It was possibly a weak
[x] or a simple aspirate; but it may also have been mute.
§ 78. The aspirate.— [h]. That h was silent in1
honest, honesty, honour, we are told by several autho-
rities. Palsgrave and Salesbury add habitation ; Sales-
bury, habit and humble ; Gill, hour and hyssop ("isope"),
which he writes "jzop" — [ijzop]; in habitation and
humbleness, humbless he pronounces the h. Also
exhibition and prohibition are included in Sales-
bury's list. Holofernes's speech, LL 5.1.18-27,
which we have repeatedly cited, contains an allusion
to a pedantic pronunciation of abominable ; but as this
word is in the F in both instances printed abhominable,
the meaning of this passage is not perfectly clear.
In my opinion, which differs from that of Ellis (I, p. 220),
the usual explanation, viz. that the pedant blames the
omission of the [h]-sound, is the correct one, although
the pseudo-etymological h is also found RL 704, 921
(abhomination ; Wiirzner, 1. c., p. 13). — As to [h] for
gh, cf. § 77.
CHAPTER XXIII.
STRESS AND RHYTHM.
§ 79. General remarks. In the present chapter
it will be sufficient to touch upon such questions only
as stand in direct relation to our special subject; all
the more so, as Shakespeare's prosody has been
thoroughly, though not altogether convincingly treated
in Van Dam and Stoffel's work.
§ 79'] GENERAL REMARKS. 103
STRESS. In words of more than one syllable, in
compounds, in groups, and in sentences, one syllable
is, as a rule, stronger than the rest ; or, in other terms,
the stress falls upon that syllable. The remaining
syllables are of intermediate force between strong
and weak (half-stressed , or weakly stressed) , or
altogether weak. When two syllables in a word (or
group, &c.) are equally strong, they are said to have
level or even stress. In present a. and presently,
e. g., the first syllable is stressed; in present v. the
stress is on the second, and in presentation on the
third syllable, leaving the first syllable weak in present
v., and half-strong in presentation. An example of
a compound (or group, according to the Q spelling)
with level stress is present-absent (present absent Q)
S 45.4.
RHYTHM. Verse-stress, or rhythm, on the other
hand, is, generally speaking, based on the alternation
of strong and weak syllables in the metrical line, or
verse. Thus the regular heroic line (and also the
blank- verse) consists of five feet, each of which is
composed of a weak and a strong syllable, an extra weak
syllable being eventually added at the end. We can-
not do better than adopt as examples the two lines
selected from VA by Van Dam and Stoffel (p. 198):
The sea has bounds, but deep desire has none.
VA 389.
Nor sun nor wind will ever strive to kiss you.
VA 1082.
In these two lines the stressed (and half - stressed)
syllables in the words and sentence, and the rhythmi-
cally strong (or half-strong) S)dlables in the verse,
and again the unstressed syllables in the words and
104 STRESS AND RHYTHM. [Chap. XXIII.
sentence, and the rhythmically weak syllables in the
verse, coincide.
The relative force of rhythmically strong syllables
is regulated by the natural or emphatical word-stress
and sentence-stress, i. e. by the sense ; e. g. in the first
verse quoted above desire being stronger than deep.
§ 80. Shifting of stress and change of rhythm.
There are many lines in which stress and rhythm
are at variance; e. g. :
And about evening come yourself alone.
CE 3. 1. 96.
The rhythm of the verse demands:
And about evening come yourself alone;
but there is a sentence-stress on the word and which
begins the line ; and, whereas the word-stress in about
falls on the second, instead of the first syllable, this
word is comparatively unstressed in the sentence.
Accordingly we should read:
And about evening come yourself alone.
This is what Van Dam and Stoffel call the inversion
of the first (scil. rhythmical) accent, giving as an
instance :
Love is too young to know what conscience is.
S 151.1.
Yet whilst admitting inversion of rhythmical accent
in a number of cases, they in other cases try to save
rhythm by having recourse to a change of syllabic
accent, or shifting of stress. In their opinion, the
number of deviations from the modern practice in
this regard to be found in Shakespeare's works is a
"very respectable one." In their long list of examples
they give, e. g., such E. words as dbout, above, &cv
become, before, &c.; dbout being quoted from the
§ 8o.] SHIFTING OF STRESS AND CHANGE OF RHYTHM. 105
identical line mentioned above, CE 3. 1. 96, which Van
Dam and Stoffel consequently scan:
And about Evening come yourself alone.
It is undeniable that, in the time of Shake-
speare, "various F. words were in a transition-stage
as regards their stress." In A. Schmidt's list of
dissyllabic adjectives and participles with variable
stress (at the end of vol. II), we find e. g. adverse and
adverse, confined and confined, corrupt and corrupt,
&c. • and many more examples, also of variable nouns,
&c. are pointed out in the body of the work, as e. g.
confe'ssor and confessor, revenue and revenue, &c.
Van Dam and Stoffel think that it would "not be
wonderful" if the shifting of stress of the numerous
words of F. origin belonging to this class had in-
fluenced the accentuation of words of native growth
also. Within certain limits this may be true. But I
am unable to believe that this could have led to
such stress-shiftings as about, become, &c. To my
mind, the only possible explanation in cases of this
kind, apart from opposition stress, is the one offered
by a change of rhythm, which, of course, also takes
place when a word such as without becomes, so to
say, level-unstressed, by losing its word-stress on
account of its having no stress in the sentence.
But there is one class of E. words, not originally
F., which forms an exception to the general rule, and
indeed lends itself to the same shifting of stress that
we find in adverse and adverse, corrtipt and corrupt,
&c. It comprises compounds, groups, and simple words
with level, and, therefore, variable, stress, such as
man-monster, everlasting, outlive, unwise, dmen,
&c. Now in present E., also in prose, we observe a
106 STRESS AND RHYTHM. [Chap. XXIII.
tendency to avoid equal stress in three consecutive
syllables, and even in groups where a weak syllable
intervenes, ten-pound note, gdod-looking mdn thus
becoming ttn-pound note, good-looking mdn, &c. In
other cases the first stress in a level-stressed word or
group is suppressed, e. g. when two or more syllables
follow the second stress, or when the second stress is
felt to be the more important one; thus we have
archbishopric (though drchbishop\ man-of-wdr, King
He'nry, good morning (as an exclamation), mankind.
and frequently unwise, &c. l I see examples of
variable, because originally level stress in the following
words in Van Dam and StoffeFs list (pp. 178-184),
which is not, however, complete : almost, also, amen,
cannot, elsewhere, fifteenth, forebend, herein, mean-
time, meanwhile, misplace, &c., nothing, outlive, &c.,
o'ergrow, &c., something, &c., thereby, &c., unbackd,
&c., uprise, wherefore, &cv also itself, myself, them-
selves, which are mostly printed in two words in the
Qq and Ff. To these may be added the compound
particles into, until, &c. as words that virtually belong
to this category, though they practically, as a rule,
lose both stresses rather than one.
From the preceding remarks it will be clear
that A. Schmidt has the laws of modern E. stress
on his side if he "keeps repeating" what van Dam
and Stoffel call "such foundationless assertions" as
"unbid, because placed before the substantive." I can-
not help thinking that their own chapter on Syllabic
Accent seriously impairs the otherwise excellent work
1 For a more detailed account of stress in present E.
see Sweet's New English Grammar, I, Oxford, 1892, pp.
283-297, whence some of the above examples are taken.
§ 8i.J INFLUENCE OF STRESS AND RHYTHM, &c. 107
contained in the concluding chapters on the Structure
of the Heroic and Blank- verse Lines, and on the
History of the Structure of the Blank-verse Line. If
And dbout Evening crime yourself alone
be correct, there is no reason to call on inversion of
accent in order to avoid
Love is too young to know what conscience is, &c.
I am fully aware that the principle of "stress
before rhythm" will occasionly spoil the rhythmical
scansion of the verse. Take e. g. :
Eyes without feeling, feeling without sight.
H 3. 4. 78.
The word without is quoted from this line as
without by Van Dam and Stoffel (p. 184). Taken by
itself, the word being a compound, such a form is
not impossible. But on the same ground that Love
is tojbe stressed in S 151.1, nem. con., eyes must
be stressed in the line under discussion; and so must
feeling (twice), and sight, for similar reasons. Thus
we get four stresses, the double without being left
comparatively unstressed :
Eyes without feeling, feeling without sight.
What is lost in rhythm is gained in emphasis, whilst
the metrical structure remains. The adoption of Van
Dam and Stoffel's without, on the other hand, leads
to the rhythmically correct, but hardly logical and
Shakespearian
Eyes without feeling, feeling without sight.
§ 81. Influence of stress and rhythm on speech-
sounds. VOWELS. A stressed vowel may be either
long or short. Yet long vowels in certain cases be-
come extra long through the influence of emphatic
108 STRESS AND RHYTHM. [Chap. XXIII.
stress. Gill's "greet" = [grert] for great = = [greit]
has been mentioned before (p. 38); another instance
given by Gill is "monstrus" = [momstrus], and even
"moonstrus" == [monnstrus], for monstrous — [mon-
strus] (Jiriczek, p. 48). I have also quoted the same
author's remark as to the supposed change from final
[ij to [ij]— in reality, rather the retention of the older
long sound — e. g. in misery, constancy, destiny, on
account of rhythmical stress (§ 10).
Unstressed long vowels and diphthongs are apt
to become short vowels; unstressed short vowels further
tend to obscurity (§ 6), and even loss. Thus Gill
gives [bi], [no], [du] as weak forms for be, no, do, &c.
M. E. (Chaucerian) -oun = = [u:n] and -$n = [o:n], as
in proporcio(u)n, through loss of stress become in early
Mod. E. -on — [un], [on]. Whilst Salesbury has both
[un] and [on], the latter form is the one regularly
adopted by the orthoepists from Palsgrave to Wallis
(in whose time also [an] appears), >nd it is 'even
retained by Wilkins and Price. No such rimes as
Spenser's fashion : anon : gon, occasion : upon : one,
passion : -ion : upon : stone, &c. (Bauermeister , 1. c.,
p. 129) occurring in Shakespeare, we can only say that
his -on in nation, &c. was in all probability [on]. The
surest test for changes of this kind are variations in
spelling, 1 such as have been carried out in -dom (M.
E. dom\ -less (M. E. -/gs), in the last syllable of battell,
1 The Shakespearian examples given further on have
been collected by Lummert (1. c.) and by Wurzner, Die
Orthographic der 1. Quarto- A usgabe von Shakespeare's
Venus and Adonis und Lucrece, Wien, 1887, and duly
utilized by E. Rudolf, Die englische Orthographic von
Caxton bis Shakespeare, Marburg, 1904.
§ 8 1.] INFLUENCE OF STRESS AND RHYTHM, &c. 109
battle (M. E. bataile), &c. Counterfeit = [-fet] (§ 31)
belongs to the same category; another instance being
the F spelling umper for umpire, or, as the F also
writes, umpeere. By this we are reminded of the
various rimes in [er], or [er], treated in § 30, and the
quotation given there from Gill. To the Q spellings
singuler RL, venter and centring VA may be added
begger RL, brier, Caterpillers, conquer ers VA,
harber RL, for the modern beggar, briar, caterpillars,
conquerors, harbour ,and, as showing the same levelling
of terminations in [r], offenders, lechors RL for offenders,
lechers. Other examples of obscured vowels in final
syllables are bedred RL for bedrid, manuell for
manual, venimd for venom' d VA, musicion for
mttsician, ducket for ducat, cabidge for cabbage F;
and there is the rime riot (ryot) -.quiet VA 1147.
Again, -ow is used for ew (= [Tu]?) in revenow
= revenue F, and sinowie = sinewy VA. Inter-
change of vowels in medial syllables is also found
in stillitory (retained in the Globe) for stillatory,
timerous for timorous VA, compromise for compro-
mise, humerous for humorous, chronocler for chro-
nicler F, &c. As in some of the cases already
mentioned, reasons other than phonetic concur when
the prefixes de-, in, &c. are substituted for di-, en-,
e. g. in devine = divine RL, inchaunt = enchant VA.
Loss of vowel in a medial syllable (syncope) occurs
e. g. in flattry : battry for flattery : battery VA ; other
instances in the interior of the verse being tendrer
for tenderer, intrest for interest VA. In past parti-
ciples in -ed the modern spelling is often in contra-
diction with that of the old editions; the Globe e. g.
writing batter' d, gather' d, feather' d VA for the battred,
110 STRESS AND RHYTHM. [Chap. XXIII.
gathred,feathred = [baetred], [gaedred], [fedred] of the
Q. — Loss of an initial vowel (aphaeresis), as in gainst,
scape, for against, escape, &c., is not rare in M. E.,
and common in the earlier Mod. E. authors. Similar
cases are the familiar 'tis for it is, 'twas for it was,
&c.j whilst he's, it's, what's, lets for he is, it is,
what is, let us, &c. , are instances of group syn-
cope (to use this word in a wider sense) rather than
of aphaeresis. The same may be said as to the apocope
of e in thef and of o in to, before the initial vowel of
the following word, resulting in synalephe, as in
M. E. and early Mod. E. thage for the age, tavenge
for to avenge, &c.
CONSONANTS. Also consonants are dropped in
unstressed syllables and words; e. g. initially, together
with the following vowel, in twixt for betwixt, spite
for despite , or, the following vowel being changed
to an obscurer sound, in the vulgar a for he; medially
in o'er (older spelling, ore) for over, whe'r (where)
for whether, or in such groups as he'll (heele, &c.) for
he will, the following vowel also being lost; i'the for
in the, &c.
§ 82. Irregular number of weak syllables in the
verse. There are many apparent and real deviations
from the normal number of syllables in Shakespeare's
verse. Even the number of strong syllables varies,
lines with four or six strong syllables (short lines or
alexandrines) occasionally taking the place of the
regular blank-verse line, &c. In other, and far more
numerous cases one of the regular weak syllables
appears to be either wanting, or else replaced by two.
ADDITIONAL SYLLABLES. The question of additional
weak syllables has been treated by Van Dam and
§ 8 2 .IRREGULAR NUMBER OF WEAK SYLLABLES IN THE VERSE. Ill
Stoffel in their Chap. I. Re-arranging the material
adduced by these authors, we may say that the addi-
tional syllable is due either to the preservation of a
syllabic vowel that is now non-syllabic or mute, or to
the syllabic function of a liquid consonant. Thus,
to take two instances from our rime -index first,
divination and imagination VA 668-70, owing to
the fact that no synizesis takes place in the final -ion,
are words of five and six syllables respectively ; other
examples being conscience (three syllables) KJ 4. 2. 77,
soldier (three syllables) JC 4.1.28, &c., or, with e
instead of / in the current spelling, ocean H5 3. 1. 14,
gorgeous KL 2. 4. 271, &c. Through non-syncopation
of a weak vowel a syllable is supplied in marriage
(riming with sage ; three syllables) RL 221, business
R2 2. 1. 217, or, with e instead of /, Gloucester H6
1.3.4; so also in commandement PP 21.418 (by
Barnfield), &c. A modern mute vowel is frequently
sounded in the past participles and past tenses in -ed
= [ed], e. g. buried (riming with dead ; three syllables)
S 31. 4 (see also battred, gathred, = batter' d, gather' d,
&c., § 81); in some cases of the 2nd pers. sg. of the
present indicative, as ridest LL 4. 3. 35, contest R2
1. 3. 33, &c. The retention of the vowel [e] in the
genitive or plural termination -es, though surely an
archaism in Shakespeare's time, l is still occasionally
met with in his verses, as e. g. rope's — [roipez]
CE 4. 1. 98, moon's = [mumez] (Moons F) MN 2. 1. 7
1 The authority of Gill is, as Van Dam and Stoffel
say (p. 8), indeed above suspicion, but his examples "wilndes,"
"kloudes," "handes" (observe the final "s") for "wtindz,"
"kloudz," "handz" are, as usual, taken from Spenser, whose
usage is decidedly archaic.
112 STRESS AND RHYTHM. [Chap. XXIII.
(both gen. sg.), saints = [saeintez] R3 4. 4. 75 (if
roar is read [ro:,r]; this and other cases of syllabic
plural -es are rather doubtful), &c. Also in F.
words final -e and -es are syllabic; cf. vive KJ 5. 2. 104,
Esperance H* 5.2.97, Jaques AY 2. 1.26, &c.— As
to syllabic liquids I may refer to §§ 69 and 70. l
SUPERFLUOUS SYLLABLES. Excrescent initial sylla-
bles that can be got rid of by aphseresis (§ 80) being
omitted in early Mod. E. spelling, they may be left out
of consideration. Many instances are, however, given
by Van Dam and Stoffel (Chap. II) which must cer-
tainly be explained otherwise ; e. g. like (alike), though
(although), prove (approve), lock (belock), mutual
(commutual), guard (enguard), on (upon), &c.
Words whose normal number of syllables in Mod.
E. is the result of synizesis (non-syllabic [i] being used
for / or e, and non-syllabic [u] for u) are e. g. Cyn-
thia VA 728, champion VA 596, Elysium VA 600,
piteous VA 504, manual VA 516. The reasons
adduced by Van Dam and Stoffel do not, in my
opinion, make it probable that in Shakespeare's time
most of these words "were shortened in a very different
way," viz. by syncope or apocope instead of synizesis.
Piteous e. g. certainly was oftener pitous than pitevous,
piteous in M. E., and Shakespeare may have employed
this form as an archaism, but we should not, I think,
suppose this to have been the c^se unless the present
— and eventually M. E. — usage were ruled out of court
by contemporary spellings or phonetic notations. Shorten-
ings such as Prote, Cynthi, Ely si, Libyior Proteus, Cyn-
1 Possibly such cases as changeling (three syllables)
MN 2. 1. 23) belong to this group rathe r than to the group
of words with non-syncopated vowel.
§82. IRREGULAR NUMBER OF WEAK SYLLABLES, &c. 113
thia, Elysium, Libya, of which Van Dam and Stoffel
are fully convinced, and contractions such as journing
and varing for journeying and varying, which they
consider as certain, have even less to recommend them,
as far as Shakespeare, and especially Shakespeare's
verse, are concerned. A tendency to apocope and syn-
cope seems to have become characteristic of every-day
E. a century later; cf. the notations from Jones and
others in Ellis's Pronouncing Vocabulary, IV, pp. 1008-18.
Of the cases of syncope adduced from Shake-
speare's poems by Van Dam and Stoffel only such as
present a liquid, mostly [r], after the syncopated vowel
are borne out by the Q spellings, the modern apostrophe
being generally omitted ; e. g. alt' ring, batt'ring S, batt'ry
VA, bett'ring, brav'ry S, distemp'ring,flatt'ry, int'rest
VA, infrim S, list'ning VA, &c., beside such non-syn-
copated forms as adulterate RL, desperate, discovery,
every, flatter ing V A, hovering RL, livery VA, prepos-
terously S, reverend RL, &c. Whilst admitting syn-
cope in such words as these, and e. g. in courtesy
(curtsie) VA, I would not, generally speaking, adopt
it under other circumstances, as in Van Dam and
Stoffel's recr'ant for recreant RL, sin'wy for sinewy
(sinowie Q), be'ng for being, sp'rit for spirit, or var'able
for variable VA, infl'ence for influence S, &c. Cases
in which a medial consonant is implicated in the syn-
cope are e. g. whe'r (where Q) for whether S, ne'er
(nere Q) o'er (o're Q), whate'er and where'er (-ere
Q) VA, all of them common enough, but not entitling
us to extend this mode of syncopation to brother,
thither, having, &c., as is done by Van Dam and Stoffel.
As instances of apocope — though not purely pho-
netic— quoted from Shakespeare's poems by Van Dam
Victor, Shakespeare's Pronunciation. I. 8
114 STRESS AND RHYTHM. [Chap. XXIII.
and Stoffel I may mention Dian VA (cf. Didna
MN), Lucrece RL (Lucre'tia RL), broke S (broken
RL), sod RL (sodden H5). whilst many other cases
are either, to say the least, doubtful (sorr for sorrow
PP, heav for heaven VA, &c., and cf. Prote, &c., p. 1 12),
or independent shorter forms (as mead for meadow,
just for justly, oft for often, love for lover, hate for
hatred, ruin for ruining S, &c.).
Many instances of synalephe and "coalition" in
Van Dam and Stoffel (Chap. VII) also seem to me more
or less doubtful. In spite of the apostrophe printed
after, and sometimes instead of the vowel in question
in some Elizabethan prints, especially in the F of Ben
Jonson, as e. g. any' employment, glory' enough, onel'
allowed = only a. (1. c., pp. 132-3), synizesis may in
reality be meant instead of synalephe, the shortness
of the vowel being clumsily indicated in the manner
described. It may be the same in apparent cases of
"coalition," as in Van Dam and StoffePs Froth' pen'
toth' twelve pence, be'ng the Hieroglyphic for Fro'
the penny to the t. p. being, &c. (F of Ben Jonson)
or in Plain 'ceive I lo(ve) y'. My brother did love
Juliet (MM 2. 4. 141-2, read as one line) for Plainlie
conceive I love you, &c. (F).
On the whole it seems best to be guided by
the prevailing usage in spelling in the Qq and F,
as seen in the light of modern habits of pronunciation.
Some enlightenment is also to be obtained from Eliza-
bethan song-books. Campion (Booke of Ayres, London,
1601, &c. 1) gives one musical note e. g. to even,
heaven (also in heavens, heavenly ; spelled, heau'n,
1 The British Museum copies have been kindly examined
for me by Herr 0. Weidenmiiller.
§82. IRREGULAR NUMBER OF WEAK SYLLABLES, &c. 115
&c.), (de)sire (and — s), fire (and — s), higher, ne'er
(in ne 'ertheless), bower (bowre), power (powre), flowers,
but also two notes to heaven, golden, (de)sire, flyer,
ever (also in ever-Curing) ^ never; synizesis taking
place in Lesbia, mutual, (con)tinual (two notes each),
but not in perpetually (five notes); syncope is found
in easily (easely), flatteries (flattries), every (and in
everywhere ; spelled, ev'ry, &c.), whilst synalephe is ab-
sent in the excess. From the last example it will be
seen that Campion's theoretical statements, however
welcome, are not to be taken quite literally when he
says (Works, Bullen's ed., London, 1889, pp. 258-9):
"The synalsephas or elisions in our tongue are either
necessary to avoid the hollowness and gaping in our
verse as to, and the, t' enchant, th' enchanter , or may be
used at pleasure, as for let us to say let's; for we
will, we'll; for every, ev'ry ; for they are, th'are;
for he is, he's; for admired, admir'd; and such like/'
Like Ben Jonson and Gill, Campion evidently is under
the spell of classical rules ; so also in maintaining that
11 e before d in the last syllable of the first word, and
/ in the beginning of the second makes led in settled
long by position" in settled love, or that "a vowel
before a vowel is always short, as inflnng, dung,
going, unless the accent alter it, as in deniing" (1. c.,
p. 258).
Where synizesis is probable, unstressed [i] and
[u] may be written [I] and [u]. Vowels that were
either sounded or mute can be indicated by[(e)], [(o)], &c.
8*
RIME-INDEX
TO THE POEMS
AND
PRONOUNCING VOCABULARY.
1. Rimes in [i:].
-\agree v. [ae'grii] : l me pn. PP 8. 103.
be v. [bi:]: decree v. S 93. 11. -f- fee s. VA 607.2 -f-
free a. LC 103. 2 -j- idolatry s. S 105.3. -{- in-
famy s. RL 1637. -f- infirmity s. RL 148. + me
pn. RL 1049, 1194, 1203; S 35. 13, 91. II,2
&c. (5); LC 223; PP 1 (= S 138). 14. +- see v.
VA 937; RL 752, 1085; S 56.9, 137.4; LC
103, * 185; PP 16.212. + she pn. PT 62, 64. +
sovereignty s. RL 38. 4- thee pn. VA 155; RL
1194, 1211; S 1. 13, 3. 13, &c. (13). 4- three num.
VA 1066; PP 16. 212. 4 tree s. PP 10. 136; PT 3.
bee s. — -.me pn. RL 836. 3
constancy s. [konstaensi:] : see v. S 152. 10. 4
decree s. [de'krii]: thee pn. RL 1030.
_ v. — : be v. S 93. 9.
1 See the list of abbreviations and signs at the end of
the preface, and cf. § 3. 2 bee; and twice more, S. 3 Bee.
4 constancie, or rather, conftancie. Of the distinction
made between / and s in the Qq, no further notice will be
taken.
T.] RIMES IN [i:]. 117
fee s. [fii] : be v. VA 609. 4- me pn. S. 120. 13. 4-
thee pn. RL 913. -f- tree s. VA 393.
free a. [frii] : be v. LC 100. -f- legacy s. S 4. 4. 4-
tf/tfpn. RL 1624; S. 134.5, 134.14. -1- monarchv
s. LC 195. 4- see v. LC 100. 4- /to* pn. S 125. 10.
to pn. [hi:]: W£ pn. RL 1721. + she pn. VA 715. 4-
thee pn. RL 1632. 4- /m? s. VA 264. J
hospitality s. [hospi'tseliti:] : thee pn. RL 575. 2
idolatry s. [ij'dolaetri:] : be v. S 105. I.3
inconstancy s. [in'konstaensi:] : S££ v. PP 18.261.
infamv s. (i) [infaemi;] : be v. RL 1638. -|- me pn.
RL 794. 4 %* For (n) see rimes in [ij].
infirmity s. (i) [in'firmiti:] : be v. RL 151. 5 %*
For (n) see rimes in [ij].
iniquity s. (i) [in'ikwiti:] : thee pn. RL 626. 6 %* For
(n) see rimes in [ij].
legacy s. [legsesi:] -.free a. S 4. 2.
m* pn. [mi:] : ^agree v. PP 8. 105. 4- &^ v. RL 1050,
1195, 1204; S35. 14, 91-9; &c- (5); LC 224i PP
1 (= S 138). 13. 4- bee s. RL 834. 4- fee s. S
120. 14. 7 4- free a. RL 1623; S 134. 7, 134. 13. -+-
he pn. RL 1722. 4- infamy s. RL 792. 4- 0/>/>or-
ta»#y s. RL 934. 4- s^ v. RL 1307. 4- s&£ pn.
RL 1690, 1701. 4- subtilty s. VA 673. 4- thee
pn. VA 138, 196, 517; RL 916. 1195, 1307; S
10.13, 22.7, &c. (22) 7; PP 3 (from LL 4. 3). 36,
10.142, *t21-400-8
melancholy s. [melaegkoli;] : thee pn. S. 45. 8. 9
misery s. (i) [mizerii] : \thee pn. PP 21.404.10 %*
For (n) see rimes in [ij].
monarchy s. [monaerki:] :/r^ a. LC 196.
opportunity s. (i) [opor'tiuniti:] : me pn. RL 932. -{-
thee pn. RL 895, 903. " *„,* For (n) see rimes
in [ij].
posterity s. (i) [pos'teriti:] : thee pn. S. 6. 12. %* For
(n) see rimes in [ij].
1 hee. 2 Hospitalitie. - Idolatrie. 4 infamie.
5 infirmitie. 6 iniquitie. 7 mee ; and once more, S.
* LI. 399/400 wanting. 9 melancholic. 10 miserie.
11 oportunitie.
118 [i:]- RIMES. [I.
see v. [si:]: be v. VA 939; RL 750, 1084; S 56. 11,
137.2; LC 102, 183; PP 16.213. 4- constancy
s. S. 152. 12. 4- free a. LC 102. -f- inconstancy
s. PP 18. 260. -f- me pn. RL 1306. 4- thee pn.
VA 437, 952; RL 1306, 1770; S 3. 11, 18. 13, &c.
(6). 4- three num. PP 16.213.
she pn. [ji:] : be v. PT 63 (twice). + he VA 717.
4- me pn. RL 1688, * 1700. 1
sovereignty s. [soveraeinti:] : be v. RL 36. 2
subtilty s. [subtilti:] : me pn. VA 675. 3
thee pn. [dii] : be v. VA 156; RL 1192, 1210; S 1. 14,
3.14, &c. (13). + decree s. RL 1032. 4- fee
s. RL 911. 4- free a. S 125. 12. 4- he pn. RL
1634. 4- hospitality s. RL 577. 4- iniquity s.
RL 624. 4- me pn. VA 137, 194, 519; RL 917,
1192, 1304; S 10.14, 22.5, &c. (22); PP 3 (from
LL 4. 3). 34, 10.141, *f21.399.4 4- melancholy
s. S 45. 6. 4- ^misery s. PP 21. 403. 4- opportu-
nity s. RL 896, 902. + posterity s. S 6. 10. 4- see
v. VA 438, 950; RL 1304, 1771; S 3.9, 18.14,
&c. (6). 4- usury s. S 6. 7.
three num. [eri:] : be v. VA 1064; PP 16.211. 4-
S££ v. ib.
tree s. [trii] : be v. PP 10. 135; PT 2. 4- /«? s. VA
391. 4- A* pn. VA 263.
usury s. [iuziurii], [iuzerii] : thee pn. S 6. 5.5
2. Rimes in ['i: it].
be it v. & pn. ['bi: it] '.free it v. & pn. RL 1209. 4-
see it v. & pn. ib.
free it v. & pn. ffri: it] : be it v. & pn. RL 1208. 4-
see it v. & pn. ib.
see it v. & pn. ['si: it] : be it v. & pn. RL 1206. 4-
free it v. & pn. ib.
1 shee. 2 Sou'raigntie. 3 subtiltie. 4 LI. 399/400
wanting. B vsery.
3-5.] RIMES IN [iiiij], [i:p], [-iipilj]. 119
3. Rimes in [i:ig].
being g. [biiii)] : seeing g. S 121. 2.
'greeing p. [griiii)] : seeing g. S 114. II.1
seeing g. [si:ii)] : being g. S 121. 4. -f- 'greeing g.
S 114.9.
4. Rimes in [i:p].
asleep av. [ae'slkp] : keep v. S 154. 1.2 -f- steep v. S
153. I.2
v. [kri;p] :/>^/> v. RL 1248. 3 -f- sleep v. ib.3
deep a. [di:p] : sleep v. LC 121. 4 4- weep v. ib.;4
PP 18. 275. 4
keep v. [ki:p] : asleep av. S 154. 3. -f- sheep s. VA
687. 5 -f «w/> v. S 9. 7. 5
peep ("look") v. [pi:p] : creep v. RL 1251. 6 4- sleep
v. ib.6 -f- ow/> v. VA 1088. 6
sheep s. [Ji:p] : keep v. VA 685. 7
v. [sli:p]:crap v. RL 1250. 8 -f- deep a. LC
123. 4- ^/? v. RL 1250. 8 4- w**/> v. LC 123;
fPP 21. 426.
steep v. [stiip] : asleep av. S 153. 3. 9
•weep v. [wi:p] :</«?/> a. LC 124 ;10 PP 18. 276. 10 -f-
keep v. S 9. 5. 10 -h />^ v. VA 1090. 10
v. LC 124 ;10 fPP 21.425.10
5. Rimes in [iipiij].
peeping ("looking") g. [piipii)] : sleeping p. RL 1089.
•+- weeping p. ib.
- p. — : sleeping p. PP 18. 287. 4- weeping p. ib.
sleeping g. [sli:pii)] : weeping g. VA 951.
_ p. —-.peeping g. RL 1090. H ---- p. PP 18.286.
4- weeping p. RL 1090; PP 18.286.
weeping g. [wi:pii)] : sleeping g. VA 949.
_ p. —-.peeping g. RL 1087. H -- p. PP 18.285.
4- sleeping p. RL 1087 ;PP 18.285.
1 greeing. ~ a sleepe. s creepe. 4 deepe.
B keepe. 6 peepe. 7 sheepe. 8 sleepe. 9 steepe. 10 weepe.
120 [i:]- RIMES. [I.
6. Rimes in [irps].
creeps v. [kriips] : sleeps v. RL 1575.
sleeps v. [sliips] : creeps v. RL 1574. * -j- weeps v.
RL 904. i
weeps v. [wiips] : s/^s v. RL 906. 2
7. Rimes in [i;m],
deem v. [di:m] : seem v. S 54. 3. 8
esteem s. [es'tiim] : seem v. S. 127. 12. 4
_ v. — : redeem v. S 100. 7. 4
redeem v. [re'diim] : esteem v. S 100. 5. 5
S££?« v. [si:m]:deem v. S 54. 1.6 -f- esteem s. S
127. 10. 6
8. Rimes in [i:mii]].
esteeming g. [es'ti:mii)] : seeming g. S 102. 3.
seeming g. [siimiij] : esteeming g. S 102. 1.
9. Rimes in [i;m(e)d].
deem'd pp. [di:m(e)d] : esteem' d pp. S 96.8, 121. 3. 7
esteem' d pp. [es'ti;m(e)d] : deem'd pp. S 96. 6, 121. I.8
10. Rimes in [i;mz].
*&?£ws v. [diimz] : extremes s. RL 1336.
extremes s. [eks'triimz] , [eks'treimz] : deems v. RL
1337.4- seems v. VA 987. tj
S£^ms v. [siimz] : extremes s. VA 985. 10
11. Rimes in [iivil], [i:v,l],
devil s. [diivil], [di:v,l] : evil s. RL 85, n 847?12 &c.
(5); S 144. 7 ;13 PP 2 (= S 144). 21."
evil s. [inril], [i:v,l] : devil s. RL 87, 15 846, 15 &c. (5) ;
S 144.5;15 PP 2 (= S 144). 1915.
1 sleepes. 2 iveepes. 3 deeme. * esteeme.
5 redeeme. 6 seeme. 7 deemed. 8 esteemed.
9 extreames. 10 seemes. n deuill; and once more, S.
12 Deuill; and twice more, S. lg flfrw^/. u
15 euill; and 3 times more, S.
I2-I5-] RIMES IN [i:vee], [i:vz], [iif], [iid]. 121
12. Rime in [iivee].
relieveth v. [re'liivee] : || upheaveth v. VA 484. l
13. Rimes in [iivz].
grieves v. [griivz] : thieves s. VA 1024. 2
thieves s. [0i:vz] : grieves v. VA 1022. 3
14. Rimes in [i:f].
brief*, [briif] : grief s. RL 1309. 4
iif] :
chief a. [tjiif] :^TW" s. VA 970 ;5 S 42. 3.6
grief s. [griif] : fof^f a. RL 1308. 7 + chief a. VA
968 ;7 S 42. I.7 -4- r*/fc/ s. S 34. 9. 7 4- thief s.
RL 889; » S 40. II.7 48. 6. 7
relief s. [rejliif] :gra?/ s. S 34. 11. »
s. [eiif] :gr/<?/ s. RL 888; 10 S 40. 9, 10 48. 8. 10
15. Rimes in [iid].
bleed v. [bliid] : deed s. RL 228, " 1732. -f-
28.
v. RL 228. " -f- /wrf^rf av. VA 669. + weed
s. ("herb") VA 1056.
breed v. [briid] : deed s. RL 499. + feed v. VA 171.
-|- speed s. RL 499.
deed s. [diid] : bleed v. RL 226, 1730. -f breed v.
RL 502. 4- exceed v. RL 226. -f- proceed v.
RL 252. 12 4- 5#>*«/ s. RL 502. 4- steed s. LC
111. 4- weed s. ("herb") RL 195. 12
exceed v. [ek'siid] : bleed v. RL 229. 13 4- <fe«* s. ib. 13
4- 7*m/ v. S 83. 3. 4- steed s. VA 292.
feed v. [fi:d] : breed v. VA 169.
indeed av. [in'diid] : bleed v. VA 667. 4- -\need s.
PP 21.423.14 4- read v. S 62.9.
?//m? s. [mi:d] : steed s. VA 15.
need s. [niid] : ^indeed av. PP 21. 424. 15 4- 5#>*«* v.
S 51.4.
— v. — : exceed v. S 83. 1.
1 releeueth. 2 greeues. 3 theeues. 4 brief e* 5 chief e.
* cheefe. 7 grief e. 8 greefe. 9 relief e. 10 theefe.
11 bleede. ia deede. 13 exceede. 14 indeede. 16 neede.
122 [i:]- RIMES. [L
proceed v. [pro'siid] : deed s. RL 251. l -f- weeds.
("garment") S 76. 8.
read v. [ri:d], [reid] : indeed av. S 62. 11.
speed s. [spiid] : breed- v. RL 501. + deed s. ib.
— v. — : need s. S 51. 2.
steed s. [stiid] : deed s. LC 112.2 -f- errc«* v. VA
290. H- meed s. VA 13.
weed s. ("garment") [wi:d] -.proceed v. S 76.6.
- s. ("herb") — : bleed v. VA 1055. +• deed s. RL 196,
16. Rimes in [i dii)].
bleeding p. [bliidii}] : needing p. PP 18. 267. -j-
speeding g. PP 18.267.
feeding g. [fiidirj] : needing g. S 118.6.
needing g. [niidirj] -.feeding g. S 118.8.
— p. — : bleeding p. PP 18. 268. -f- speeding g. ib.
speeding g. [spiidii)] : bleeding p. PP 18. 269. •+-
needing p. ib.
17. Rimes in ['iid not].
&rm? wo/ v. & av. ['briid not] -.feed not v. & av. PP
18. 246. -f- speed not v. & av. ib.
feed not v. & av. ['fiid not] : breed not v. & av. PP
18. 245. 3 4- speed not v. & av. ib.3
speed not v. & av. ['spiid not] : breed not v. & av.
PP 18. 247. -|- feed not v. & av. ib.
18. Rimes in [iidz].
bleeds v. [bli:dz] : deeds s. RL 1824. -f- proceeds v.
1551, 1824. 4- sheds (sheeds) v. RL 1551.
breeds v. [briidz] : deeds s. RL 907 ; Sill. 4. + feeds
v. RL 907.
deeds s. [diidz] : bleeds v. RL 1822. + breeds v. RL
908; S 111.2. H- exceeds v. S 150.6. + feeds
v. RL 908. -f- proceeds v. RL 1822; S 131. 13.
4- sheds (sheeds) v. S 34. 14. -f- weeds s. S 69,
10, 94.13.*
1 proceede. * Steed. 8 feede not. 4 deedes.
19-24.] RIMES IN [i:t], [iitnes], [iits], [iitjt], [iitjdi:], [i:n]. 123
exceeds v. [ek'shdz] : deeds s. S 150. 8.
feeds v. [fiidz] : breeds v. RL 905. 1 + deeds s. ib. l
proceeds v. [pro'siidz] : bleeds v. RL 1552, 1825. -f-
deeds s. ib.; S 131. 14. -f- sheds (sheeds) v. RL
1552.
sheds (i. e. sheeds) v. [fiidz] : bleeds v. RL 1549. 2
4- deeds s. S 34. 13. » -4- proceeds v. RL 1549.2'
s. ("herbs") fwiidz] : rf*«fc s. S 69. 12, 94. 14.
19. Rimes in [iit].
greet v. [gri:t] : sweet a. S 145. 8. 8
w^ v. [miit] i sweet a. S 5. 13, 4 94. II.4
sweet s. [swiit] : unmeet a. PP 17 (from LL 4. 3). 240.
- a. —-.greet v. S 145.6. -f- m^ v. S 5. 14, 94.9.
unmeet a. [un'miit] : sweet s. PP 17 (from LL 4. 3).
239.
20. Rimes in [iitnes].
meetness s. [miitnes] : sweetness s. S 118. 7. 5
sweetness s. [swiitnes] : meetness s. 118. 5. 6
21. Rimes in [iits].
fleet st (i. e. *fleets} v. [flirts] : sw^fe s. S 19. 5.
sweets s. [swiits] ijleefst (*/leetsJ v. S 19. 7.
22. Rime in [i:tjt].
beseech'dpp. [bi'siitjt] : || enrich 'd pp. LC207.7 -f- || i>«-
pleach 'd pp. ib. 7
23. Rime in ['itf di:].
beseech thee v. & pn. [bi'siitj di:] : || teach thee v. & pn.
VA 404.
24. Rimes in [i:n].
been pp. (i) [bi:n]:seen pp. S 97. I.8 4- s/>/^w s. PP
6. 78. 8 *^* For (n) see rimes in [in].
1 f cedes. 2 sheeds. 3 greete. 4 meete. 5 meet-
nesse. 6 sweetnesse. 7 beseecht. 8 beene.
124 [i:]- RIMES. [I.
.green s. [qri:n]:seen pp. VA 146 ;J S 68. 11. 1
— a. — : queen s. PP 4. 44. ' + seen pp. S 33. 3, l
63. 14. ! 104. 8. 1 -j- fe^» s. VA 806. 1
.keen a. [kiin] : seen pp. LC 16 1.2 -h unseen pp. S
118. 1.2
queen s. [kwiin] : green a. PP 4. 46. -f- S££/z pp. VA
503, 3 1193; RL 66;4 S 96.5;* PT 31. 4
seen pp. [sim] : been pp. S 97. 3. 5 -+- green s. VA
148;5 S 68.9.5H -- a. S 33. 1,5 63. 13, 5 104. 6. 5
4- £**» a. LC 160. -f- gw*** s. VA 504, 5 1194;
RL 64 ;5 S 96. 7; 5 PT 30. 5 -f teen s. LC 190.5
spleen s. [spliin] : been pp. PP 6 (an.). 76. 6
teen s. [tim]: green a. VA 80S;7 LC 192. 7
unseen pp. [un'sim] : ^^^ a. S 118. 3. 8
25. Rimes in ['i:n denij.
between them pr. & pn. [be'twim dem] : seen them
pp. & pn. VA 355. 9
seen them pp. & pn. ['sim dem] : between them pp. &
pn. VA 357. 10
26. Rimes in [iilj.
•feel v. [fill] : steel s. VA 201 ; " RL 756; n S 120. 2. ll
steel s. [still] if eel v. VA 199; 12 RL 755; 12 S 120. 4.12
+ wheel s. RL 951. 12
wheel s. [hwiil] : steel s. RL 952. 13
27. Rimes in [11 it].
feel it v. & pn. ['fill it] : steel it v. & pn. VA 373. 14
steel it v. & pn. ['still it] if eel it v. & pn. VA 375. 15
28. Rimes in [iild].
field s. [firld] : gild v. RL 58. -f held (*hield) pp. S 2. 2.
+ || kill'd pp. RL 72. -h shield s. RL 58. + 'wield
1 greene. 2 keene. 3 queene. * Queene. e seene*
* spleene. 7 teene. 8 vnseene. 9 betweene them*
10 s££«£ £#£w. M //^. 12 steele. 13 wheele*
29-33-] RlMES IN l»:lded], [iildz], [i:lz], [i:6], [i:z], 125*
v. RL 1430. -j- yield v. VA 454, 894; RL 72 ,
1430.
gild v. [gi(:)ld] i field s. RL 60. * -f- shield s. ib. x
held (i. e. WAf J pp. [hiild] i field s. S 2. 4. -h
(steeld) pp. S 24. 3.
shield s. [Ji:ld] :>?/d s. RL 61. + gild v. ib.
stell'd (i. e. ste?/'rf) pp. [stiild] : held (*hield) S 24. I.
wield v. [wiild] :^/rf s. RL 1432. 4- y^W v. ib.
v. [jiild] -.field s. VA 452, 3 893 ;3 RL 75, 3 1433.
|| jfeflft* pp. RL 75. 3 H- w^W v. RL 1433. 8
29. Rimes in [iilded].
builded pt. [bi(i)lded] : shielded pt. LC 152. + yielded
pt. ib.
shielded pt. [Jiilded] : builded pt. LC 151. 4 -f- yielded
pt. ib.4
yielded pt. [jiilded] : 6«/7«ferf pt. LC 149.5 + shielded
pt. ib.5
30. Rimes in [iildz].
t/fc/fite s. [fiildz] : jyiWrfs v. PP 20. 355.
^yields v. [jiildz] -.fields s. PP 20. 356. 6
31. Rimes in [iilz].
feels v. [fiilz] : heels s. VA 311. 7 + *«^/5 v. VA 352. *
A^te s. [hiilz]: feels v. VA 312. 8
kneels v. [kniilz] :/^/5 v. VA 350. 9
32. Rime in [i:0].
teeth s. [ti:6] : \\ with prp. VA 269.
33. Rimes in [iiz].
agrees v. [se'griiz] -.sees v. VA 288; RL 1095.
sees v. [si:z] : agrees v. VA 287; RL 1093.
1 guild. '2 steeld. 3 ye eld. * sheelded.
6 yeelded. 6 ^^^/<5? (sic). 7 feeles. 8 heeles.
9 kneeles.
126 [i]- RIMES. [II.
34. Rimes in [i:s].
Greece s. [griis] : piece s. RL 1368.
piece s. [pi:s] : Greece s. RL 1366. l
cheek s. [tjiik] : meek a. RL 708. 2 + seek v. S 67. 5. 2
. [
seek v. [siik] : cheek s. S 67. 7.4 + week s. RL 21 1.4
5. [wiik] :
35. Rimes in [i:k].
weh a. RL 70S.
meek a. [mi:k] -.cheek s. RL 710.
seek v. [siik] : cheek s. S 67. 7. 4 -
'week s. [wi:k]:se£& v. RL 213.5
36. Rimes in [iiks].
-cheeks s. [tfiiks] : reeks v. S 130. 6. 6 4- seeks v. VA
50, 6 475. 6 -f- weeks s. S 116.9.
ravfes v. [riiks] : cheeks s. S 130. 8. 7
s**£s v. [siiks] i cheeks s. VA 52, 8 477. 8
•weeks s. [wiiks] : cheeks s. S 116. II.9
II. [i]-RIMES.
37. Rimes in [ipj.
.lip s. [lip] : slip v. VA 127.
slip v. [slip] : lip s. VA 129.
38. Rimes in [ipsj.
chips s. [tjips] : lips s. S 128. 10.
hips s. [hips] : lips s. VA 44.
lips s. [lips] : chips s. S 128. 12. 4- hips s. VA 46. 4-
^skips v. PP 11. 151. 10 4- slips s. VA 516. 4-
trips v. VA 724.
•\skips v. [skips] : lips s. PP 11. 153.
slips s. [slips] : lips s. VA 515.
trips v. [trips] : /#>s s. VA 722.
1 peece. z cheeke. 3 meeke. 4 seeke. 5 weeke.
* cheekes. 7 reekes. 8 seekes. * weekes. 10 lippes.
39-45-] RiMESiN[im],[imp,l],[imdJ,[iv],[ivig],[ift],[id]. 127
39. Rimes in [im].
brim s. [brim] : him pn. PP 6 (an.). 80.
grim a. [grim] : him pn. VA 920.
him pn. [him] : brim s. PP 6 (an.). 82. + grim a. VA
922. -t- trim s. S 98. 4; LC 119. H -- a. VA 1080.
trim s. [trim] -.him pn. S 98.2; LC 118.1
— a. — : /*/>« pn. VA 1079.
40. Rimes in [imp,!].
dimple s. [dimp,l] : simple a. VA 242.
simple a. [simp,!] : dimple s. VA 244.
41. Rimes in [imd].
dimm'd pp. [dimd] : untrimm'd pp. S 18. 6.
untrimm'd pp. [un'trimd] : dimm'd pp. S 18. 8. 2
42. Rimes in [iv].
achieve v. [ae'tjiv] : /«;£ v. S 67. 3. 8
.^fte v. [giv] : live v. RL 987, 1053 •, S 4. 6, 13. 4, &c. (7).
//w v. [liv] -.achieve v. S 67. 1. -f- ^/^ v. RL 986,
1051 ; S 4. 8, 13. 2, &c. (7).
43. Rimes in [ivig].
giving g. [givig] : living p. RL 1715.
living p. [Hviry;#&W£ g. RL 1714.
44. Rime in [ift].
shift s. [Jift] : || theft s. RL 920.
45. Rimes in [id].
did pt. [did] -.forbid pp. LC 148.
forbid v. [forbid] : hid pp S 65. 12.
— pp. —-.did pt. LC 150.*
hid pp. [hid] -.forbid v. S 65. 10.
1 trimme. 2 vntrim'd. 3 atchiue. * forbidUe.
128 [i]- RIMES. [II.
46. Rimes in [it].
hit v. [hit] : it pn. VA 940.
— pp. — : sit v. VA 1033.
it pn. [it] : hit v. VA 938. -+- sit v. S 103. 14. -f- wit
s. RL 154. + writ pp. RL 1294, 1333.
knit pp. [knit] : wit s. S 26. 2.
sit v. [sit] : hit pp. VA 1035. -f- it pn. S 103. 13. -h
wit s. S 37. 7.
w# s. [wit] : it pn. RL 153. -f- knit pp. S 26. 4. -+-
wtf s. S 37.5. -f- wr# pp. S 23. 14, l 84. 11. -f-
yet av. VA 1008.
writ pp. [writ] : # pn. RL 1295, 1331. + wit s. S
23. 13, 84. 9.
yet av. [jit], [jet] : wit s. VA 1007.
47. Rimes in [iti].
city s. [siti]:pity s. RL 469, 2 1554; * LC 176. 2
ditty s. [diti]:t/>#y PP 21. 383. 3 -f- /ra#y a. PP 15.
199.4 _|_ Wjffy a> VA 836. 5
pity s. [piti]:c#y s. RL 468, 6 1553 ;7 LC 178.7 -f-
^ ditty s. PP 21.384.8
pretty a. [priti], [preti] : ditty s. PP 15.201.
witty a. [witi] : rfifty s. VA 838. 9
48. Rimes in [ited].
committed pp. [ko'mited] i fitted pp. S 119. 5.
fitted pp. [fited] : committed pp. S 119. 7.
49. Rime in [it,l].
brittle a. [brit,l] : ^fickle a. PP 7.87.
50. Rimes in [its].
befits v. [bi'fits] : commits v. S 41. 3,
commits v. [ko'mits] : befits v. S 41. 1. 4- sits v. S 9. 14.
fits s. [fits] : sits v. RL 856. -j- wits s. ib.
— v. — : Ms v. S 120. 12. •+• sits v. VA 327.
1 wiht (misprint). 2 Citty. 3 Ditty. 4 flft/te (sic).
5 dittie. 6 ^i««V. 7 ^i?^y. 8 Pitty. * wittie.
5I-54-] RIMES IN [itjt], [in], [int], [inted]. 129
hits v. [hits] i fits v. S 120. 10.
parasites (i. e. parasits) s. [paeraesits] : wits s. VA 848. l
pits s. [pits] : wits s. VA 247.
sits v. [sits] -.fits s. RL 858. -f- - - v. VA 325. -4-
w#s s. RL 288, 858.
wits s. [wits] :^s s. RL 859. -h parasites (parasits)
s. VA 850. -f- />#s s. VA 249. + sits v. RL
290, 859.
51. Rime in [itft].
enrich' d pp. [in'ritft] : || beseech' d pp. LC 208. 2 -f- 1| em-
pleach' d pp. ib. 2
52. Rimes in [in].
&**» (i. e. *biri) pp. (n) [bin] : sin s. RL 210. 8 *** For
(i) see rimes in [iin].
begin v. [bi'gin] : c&w s. VA 60; RL 470. -4- sw s.
RL 342; S 114. 14. 4
chin s. [tjin] : begin v. VA 59 ; RL 472. -f- in av.
VA 85. + s&« s. RL 420; LC 92. 5
in av. [in] : chin s. VA 87.
sin s. [sin) : been (*binj pp. RL 209. -h begin v. RL
343; S 114. 13. 6
skin s. [skin] : chin s. RL 419 ;7 LC 94.
win v. [win] : within av. S 119.4.
within av. [wid'in] : w/w v. S 119.2.
53. Rimes in [int].
dint s. [dint] -.print s. VA 354.
print s. [print] : dint s. VA 353.
54. Rime in [inted].
imprinted pp. [imprinted] : || contented pp. VA 511.
1 parasits. 2 inricht. 3 beene. * beginne.
6 chinne. * sinne. 7 skinne.
Victor, Shakespeare's Pronunciation. I. 9
130 [i]- RIMES. [II.
55. Rimes in [il],
fill v. [fil] : /// a. S 112. 1. + kill v. S 56. 5.
fulfil v. [ful'fil] : &7/ v. RL 628, * 1635. * 4- Will
npr. S 136. 4. 2 + will s. RL 628, J 1635.1
hill s. [\\i\\: still av. VA 697; S 7. 5. + will s. PP
9. 121.
ill s. [il] -.kill v. RL 380, 996. -f sM/ s. RL 1244;
S 66. 12. 4- spill v. RL 996. 4- still av. RL 380,
476; S 147. 3. 4- w*7/ s. RL 304, 1207; S 57. 14.
H -- v. RL 1244.
- a. — -.fill v. S 112. 3. -h quill s. RL 1300. 4- skill
s. RL 1530; S 91. 3, 150. 5. 3 + still av. RL 1530.
4- will s. RL 1300.
_ av. —-.still av. S 144. 4; 3 PP 2 (= S 144). 18.
4- will s. S 89. 5. H -- v. S 22: 12.
kill v. [kil] -.fill v. S 56. 7. 4- /////£/ v. RL 627, 1636.
H- ill s. RL 383, 998. -f \\ sentinel s. VA 652.
4- skill s. S 126. 8. -\- spill v. RL 998. 4- still
a. RL 168. H -- av. VA 618; RL 250, 383. +
Will npr. S 135. 14. -f- will s. RL 250, 627, 1636.
quill s. [kwil] : /// a. RL 1297. + still a. S 85. 3. +
will s. RL 1297.
skill s. [skil] : ill s. RL 1243; S 66. 10. H -- a. RL
1528; S- 91. 1, 150. 7. + kill v. S 126. 7. + still
av. RL 1099, 1134, &c. (4); S 16.14, 24.5. -f-
wttl s. LC 125. 4 H --- v. RL 1243.
spill v. [spil] : /// s. RL 999. -h kill v. ib.
still a. [stil] : kill v. RL 167. + quill s. S 85. 1.
_ v. _ : will npr. S 143. 14.
— av. —-.hill s. VA 699; S 7. 7. + /// s. RL 382,
475; S 147. 1. -f- - a. RL 1531. H -- av.
S 144. 2; PP 2 (= S 144). 16. + kill v. VA 617;
RL 249, 382. -f- skill s. RL 1098, 1133, &c. (4);
S 16.13, 24. 7. * + TFz7/ npr. S 135.3, 135.9,
136.13. 4- will s. VA 480; RL 249, 727; S
134.4; PP 10.140.
1 fulfil.. 2 fullfilL 3 il. * skil. 5 stil.
56-59.] RIMES IN [iliij], [ile0], [ild], [ilz]. 131
Will npr. [wil] -.fulfil v. S 136. 2.1 4- kill v. S 135. 14. *
4- still v. S 143. 13. J 4 — av. S 135. 1, J 135. 11, l
136. 14. !
w#/ s. — -.fulfil v. RL 625, 1633. 4- hill s. PP 9.
123. 4- /// s. RL 302, 1205; S 57. 13. 2 4 a.
RL 1299. H av. S 89. 7. 3 4- kill v. RL 247,
625, 1633. 4- quill s. RL 1299. 4- skill s. LC
126. 4- still a. VA 479; RL 247, 728; S 134.2;
PP 10. 138.
— v. — : ill s. RL 1241. 4 av. S 22. 10. 4- skill
s. RL 1241.
56. Rimes in [iliij].
a-billing g. [ae-'biliij] : unwilling a. VA 366.*
filling p. [filiij] : spilling p. RL 1234. 4- willing a. ib.
spilling p. [spiliij] -.filling p. RL 1236. 4- willing a. ib.
unwilling a. [un'wiliij] : a-billing g. VA 365.
willing a. [wiliij] -.filling p. RL 1237. 4- spilling p. ib.
57. Rimes in [flee],
^/fe/fc v. [filee] : willeth v. VA 548.
willeth v. [wilee] ifilleth v. VA 550.
58. Rimes in [ild].
distill' d pp. [di'stild] : kill'd pp. S 6. 2. 5
fill'd pt. [fild] : M/W pp. RL 1804. 6 4- spill'd pp. ib.
fulfill'd pp. [ful'fild] : Mrf pp. RL 1258. ' 4- kill'd pp. ib.
/w'/tf pp. [hildj -.fulfill'd pp. RL 1257. 4- £///'</ pp. ib.
'kill'd pp. [kild] : distill' d pp. S 6. 4.8 4- ||^fe/rf s. RL
74.9 _j_ ^//W pt RL 1803. 10 4- fulfill'd pp. RL
1255. 9 4- hild pp. ib.9 4- spill'd pp. VA 1165;9
RL 1803. 10 -h || yield v. RL 74. 9
spUVd pp. [spild]:^//'^ pp. RL 1801. " 4- kill'd pp.
VA 1167;12 RL 1801. n
59. Rimes in [ilz].
bills s. ("beaks") [bilz] : gills s. VA 1102. 13
gills s. [gi\z]: bills s. VA 1100.14.
1 Will (in italics). 2 PTi7/. 8 wil. * a billing.
5 distil' d. 6 ^/<3?. 7 fulfild. 8 kil'd.
10 )&j7fl? (sic). n spil'd. 12 s^i7^. 1S bils. w
9*
132 [i]- RIMES. [II.
60. Rime in [irit].
spirit s. [spirit] : || merit s. S 108. 2.
61. Rime in [irdz].
birds s. [birdz] : || herds s. VA 455.
62. Rimes in [irt,l].
^kirtle s. [kirt,l] : myrtle s. PP 20. 363. *
\myrtle s. [mirt,l] : kirtle s. PP 20. 364. *
63. Rime in [ie],
with prp. [wie] : || teeth s. VA 270.
64. Rimes in [iz], [is].
his pn. [hiz], [his] : is v. RL 1793; S 67. 11, 80.7.
is v. [iz], [is] : amiss av. S 59. 1 , 151. 1. + bliss s.
RL 390. -f- his pn. RL 1795; S 67.9, 80.5. +
is v. (sic) PP 3 (from LL 4. 3). 37, 39. -f- kiss s. VA
538; RL 390. -f- this pn. VA 615; S 72. 11.
65. Rimes in [is].
amiss av. [aefmis]:/s v. S 59. 3, 8 151. 3. 3 -f this pn.
S 35. 7; 8 PP 18. 248. 4
bliss s. [blis] -.is v. RL 389.5 -f- kiss s. ib.5
kiss s. [kis]:&//55 s. RL 387. 6 + is v. VA 536 ;7
RL 387. 6 -f- miss s. VA 54. 6 + this pn. VA
207, 7 723. 7
_. v. —-.this pn. S 128. 14. 8
miss s. ("mistake") [mis] : kiss s. VA 53. 9
this pn. [dis] : amiss av. S 35. 5; PP 18. 252. -f- is v.
VA 613; S 72. 9. + kiss s. VA 205, 721. + —
v. S 128. 13.
Kirtle. 2 Mirtle. 3 amisse. 4 amis. 5 blisse-
* kisse. 7 &z's. 8 kisse. 9 misse.
66-72.] RIMES IN [ision], ['isiu], psii)], [isezj, [ist], &c. 133
66. Rimes in [isTon], [isTun].
commission s. [ko'mision], [-Tun] : || impression s. VA
568.
disposition s. [dispo'zision], [-Tun] : imposition s. RL
1695.
imposition s. [impo'zisTon] , [-Tun] : disposition s. RL
67. Rimes in ['is iuj.
hiss you v. & pn. ['his iu] : kiss you v. & pn. VA
1084. !
kiss you v. & pn. f'kis iu] : hiss you v. & pn. VA
1082. 2
68. Rimes in fish]].
kissing g. [kisirj] : missing p. VA 606.
missing p. [misirj] : kissing g. VA 605.
69. Rimes in [isezj.
hisses v. [hisez] : kisses s. VA 17.
kisses s. [kisez] : hisses v. VA 18.
70. Rimes in [ist].
list v. [list] : miss'd pp. RL 1008.
miss'd pp. [mist]://s£ v. RL 1007.3 -f- subsist v. S
122. 8. 8
subsist v. [sub'sist] : miss'd pp. S 122. 6.
71. Rimes in [isteej.
listeth v. [listee] : resisteth v. VA 564.
resisteth v. [re'zisteO], [re'sistee] : 7/sfe#z v. VA 563.
72. Rimes in [ijt].
diminish 'd pp. [di'minift] : unfinish'd pp. VA 417.4
unfinished pp. [un'fimft] : diminish 'd pp. VA 415.5
1 hisse you. z kisse you. 3 mist. * diminisht.
5 vnfinisht.
134 [i]- RIMES. [II.
73. Rimes in [igor], [iger].
rigour s. [rigor], [-ger] : vigour s. VA 954.
vigour s. [vigor], [-ger] : rigour s. VA 953.
74. Rimes in [ikj.
heretic s. [heretik] : politic a. S 124. 9. *
politic a. [politik] : heretic s. S 124. II.2
prick s. [prik]:s/<c& a. RL 781. 3 -i- thick av. ib.3
sick a. [sik] -.prick s. RL 779. 4 + //wta av. ib.4
thick av. [0ik] -.prick s. RL 782. 3 -f- sick a. ib.5
75. Rimes in [ikt].
contradict v. [kontrae'dikt] : inflict v. RL 1631.
inflict v. [in'flikt] : contradict v. RL 1630.
interdict v. [inter'dikt] : s/ra/ a. PT 9.
a. [strikt] : interdict v. PT 12.
76. Rime in [ik,l j.
fickle a. [fik,l] : \\ brittle a. PP 5.. 85.
77. Rime in [ikli(j)].
quickly av. [kwikli(j)] : \\ unlikely av. VA 990.
78. Rimes in [iks].
pricks v. [priks] : sticks v. RL 319. -f- tricks s. ib.
sticks v. [stiks] -.pricks v. RL 317. -i- tricks s. ib.
tricks s. [triks] -.pricks v. RL 320. 6 + sticks v. ib.6
79. Rimes in [iksed], [ikst].
commix' d pp. [ko'mtkst] \fix'd pp. LC 28. 7
fixed, fix'd pp. [f iksed] , [fikst] : commix 'd pp. LC
27. 8 H- intermix' d pp. S 101. 6. 8 4- mixed, mix'd
pp. VA 487 ;8 RL 561.
1 Heriticke (in italics). 2 pollitick. 3 pricke. 4
6 thicke. Q trickes. 1 commxit (misprint).
8o.l RiMBS^diiflpKli^ 135
intermix' d pp. [inter'mikst] -. flx'd pp. S 101. 8. 1
mixed, mix'd pp. [miksed], [mikst] \fixed, flx'd pp.
VA 489 ;2 RL 563.
80. Rimes in [i\]J.
bring v. [brii]] : sing v. S 39. 3. -f- spring s. VA
658. -|- sting s. RL 491.
^•flattering g. [flsetotg] : king s. PP 21. 413.
honouring g. [onoriij], [onerii)] : ruining g. S 125. 2. 8
king s. [kii)] : \flattering g. PP 21.414.4 -j- misgo-
verning g. RL 652. 4 -f- spring s. RL 606 ;4
S 63. 6. 4 -f- sting v. RL 37.* 4- $»»# s. RL
37, 4 601, 4 &c. (4). 4 wing s. PT II.4
misgoverning g. [mis'guvernii)] -.king s. RL 654. 5
niggarding g. [nigserdii)] : spring s. S 1.12.
ordering g. [orderii]] : s/>/g- v. S 8. 10.
prefiguring^. [prei'figiurii]], [-gerii)] : sing v.S 106. 10.
ruining g. [riuinii)] : honouring g. S 125. 4.
smg- v. [sii)] : 6r/w^- v. S 39. I.6 -f- ordering g. S
8. 12. H- prefiguring p. S 106. 12. 4- -^-sorrowing
g. PP 21. 397. + 5/>n^ s. RL 333, 871 ; S 102. 7; 6
fPP 21. 377. 4- thing s. RL 333. -f- wing s. S 78. 5.
•{sorrowing g. [sorouii)], [soroiii)] : sing v. PP 21.398.
spring s. [sprig] : bring v. VA 656. + £/>*£• s. RL
604; S 63. 8. 7 4- niggarding g. S 1. 10. + smg-
v. RL 331, 869: S 102.5; fPP 21.378. 4- sting
s. PP 10. 132. 4 «»»# s. RL 331, 604; S 98. 1.
sting s. [stiii] : bring v. RL 493. + spring s. PP
10. 134. 4- thing s. RL 364.
— v. — iking s. RL 40. 4 tffcmg1 s. ib.
thing s. [eii)]:£m# s. RL 39, 602, &c. (4). 4- sing
v. RL 334. -j- spring s. ib., 607 ; S 98. 3. —
sting s. RL 363. H --- v. RL 39.
wing s. [wig] : king s. PT 10. -4 smg- v. S 78. 7.
1 intermixt. ^ mz'jrf. n honoring. 4 King; and
twice more, RL. 5 mis-gouerning. 6 singe. 7 Spring.
136 [ij]- RIMES. [III.
81. Rimes in [nj not].
bring not v. & av. fbrii) not] : sing not v. & av. PP
18. 283. 4- spring not v. & av. ib.
sing not v. & av. ['siij not] : bring not v. & av. PP
18. 282. -f- spring not v. & av. ib.
spring not v. & av. fsprii) not] : bring not v. & av.
PP 18.281. 4- sing not v. & av. ib.
82. Rimes in [inz].
brings v. [briijz] : kings s. S 29. 13.
kings s. [kiijz] : brings v. S 29. 14. * 4- things s.
VA 995; RL 939, ' 181V S 115.6.1
stngs v. [siijz] : wings s. VA 305.
springs s. [spriijz] : things s. RL 950. -f wings s. ib.
things s. [Qiqz]: kings s. VA 996; RL 941, 1813;
S 115.8. 4- springs s. RL 947. 4- wings s. ib.
wings s. [wii)z] : sings v. VA 306. 4- springs s. RL
949. 4- things s. ib.
83, Rimes in [ii)gled], [ii)g,ld].
mingled pp. [mil) g led], [-g,ld] : singled pp. VA 691.
singled pp. [singled], [-g,ld] : mingled pp. VA 693.
84. Rimes in [ii]k|.
drink v. [drink] : tfrmft v. S 111.9.2
think v. [Qiyk] : drink v. S 111. II.3
III. [ij]- RIMES,
85. Rimes in [ij].
advisedly av. [sed'vijzedlij] : by av. RL 1816. 4 4- eye
s. RL 180. 4 4- fly v. ib.4
affectedly av. [ae'fektedlij] : secrecy s. LC 48.
1 Kings. 2 drinke. 3 thinke. 4 aduisedlie.
85.] RIMES IN [ij]. 137
alchemy s. [aelkemij] : eye s. S 33. 4. 1 4- flattery s.
S 114. 4. 2
amplify v. [semplifij] : quality s. LC 209. 8
antiquity s. [aen'tikwitij] : iniquity s. S 62. 10. 4
astronomy s. [se'stronomij] : quality s. S 14. 2. 5
audaciously av. [a:'dae:sTuslij] : //Wry s. RL 1223. 6 -f-
modesty s. ib. 6
audacity s. [ai'daesitij] : leisurely av. RL 1346. 7 4-
saucily av. ib. 7
authority s. [ai'eoritij] : simplicity s. S 66. 9. 8
bastardy s. [baestaerdij] : ^ s. RL 522. 9 4- obloquy
s. ib.9
beautify v. [beutifij] : modesty s. RL 404. 10 4- morta-
lity s. ib. 10
fry av. [bij] : advisedly av. RL 1814. 4- tcry v. PP
21.386. 4- esfty v. VA 259. 4- «y* s. VA 282;
PP 6. 79. -f- rc^ av. LC 59. + remedy s. S
154. 9. -f- 5^y s. VA 347.
- prp. — : lie v. ("rest") S 73. 12.
canopy s. [kanopij] : eternity s. S 125. 1.
chastity s. [tfaestttij] : eye s. PP 4. 50. n -f- infirmity
s. PT 61. 12 4- luxury s. LC 315. n-f- posterity
s. PT 61. 12 -}- scarcity s. VA 751. u
chivalry s. [jivaelrij] : /ta/v npr. RL 109. 13 4- victory
s. ib.18
company s. [kumpaenij] : ry^ s. RL 1584. 14 4- melody
s. RL 1110.14 4- 5^ s. RL 1584. 14 4- soriefy
s. RL 1110.1*
cry s. [krij] : lustily av. VA 870.
— v. — : \by av. PP 21. 385. 4- yo//#y s. S 66. 1. -f-
patiently av. RL 1639.
defy v. [de'fij] : lie ("speak falsely") v. S 123. 9. 15
deny v. [de'nij] : //V ("rest") v. S 46. 7. -
destiny s. [destinij] :J7y v. RL 1729. 16
1 alcumy. 2 Alcumie (in italics). 3 amplifie.
4 antiquilie. 5 Astronomy. 6 audaciouslie. 7 auda-
citie. 8 authoritie. 9 bastardie. 10 beautifie.
11 chastitie. ia Chastitie. ls chiualrie. u companie.
16 destinie.
138 [ij]- RIMES. [IIL
dexterity s. [deks'teritij] : majesty s. RL 1389.17
die v. [dij] : dignity s. S 94. 10. 4- eye s. RL 274,
1139, 1477; S 9. 3, 25.8. + fly v. RL 231. 4-
/ pn. VA 1017; RL 1139. + infamy s. RL 1052.
4- iniquity s. RL 1686. 4- //* v. ("rest") VA
246; S 81. 6, 2 92. 12. 4- livery s. RL 1052. 4-
memory s. S 1.2. -^thereby av. S 11.14.
dignity s. [dignitij] : die v. S 94. 12. 4- eye s. RL 437. 3
discovery s. [dis'kuverij] : quality s. RL 1314. 4-
uncertainly av. ib.
tfry a. [drij] : /*/£•/* av. VA 552. 4 + lie v. ("rest")
VA 233. 4
— v. — : eye s. VA 964. 5
dye s. [dij]: fearfully av. PP 18. 284. 6 4- wantonly
av. S 54. 5. 6
ecstasy s. [ekstaesij] : fantasy s, VA 895. 7
enemy s. [enemij] : impiety s. RL 1171.8 4- infamy
s. ib.8
enmity s. [enmitij] : infamy s. RL 503. 4- posterity
s. S 55. 9. 9
^5/>j v. [e'spij] : fry av. VA 261.
eternity s. [ei'ternitij] : canopy s. S 125. 3. 4- ex-
tremity s. RL 967. 10 4- memory s. S 77. 8, " 122. 4.
extremity s. [eks'tremitij] : eternity s. RL 969. 12
s. [ij] : advisedly av. RL 179. 4- alchemy s. S
33. 2. 13 4- bastardy s. RL 520. +• 6y av. VA
281 ; PP 6. 81. 13 4- chastity s. PP 4. 48. 13 4- cow-
^«wy s. RL 1586. + die v. RL 276. 13 1138,
1476; S 9. 1, 25.6. 4- dignity s. RL 435. -h
dry v. VA 962. + eye s. (sic) LC 247, l3 250.
4- fly v. RL 179, 1015; LC 247, 13 250, 323.
4- gravity s. S 49.6. 4- hie v. RL 1339.
4- history s. S 93.5. 4- / pn. RL 1138. 4- lie-
s. S 152. 13. H -- v. ("rest") VA 644, 661; RL
1339; S 31.6. 4- majesty s. RL 95; S 7.2. 4-
nigh av. VA 342. 4- obloquy s. RL 520. 4- per-
1 dexteritie. 2 dye. 3 dignitie.
. 7 extasie. 8 enemie. 9 emnitie (sic). 10 Eter-
nitie. n eternitie. 12 extremitie. 13 «V.
85.] RIMES IN [ij], 139
jury s. PP 3 (from LL 4.3). 29. l + piety s.
RL" 540. 4- remedy s. S 62. 1.1 -f- satfs/y v.
RL 95. 4- s£y s. VA 182, 486, 816; RL 1227,
1586. 4- stedfastly av. VA 1065. -f- sympathy
s. RL 1227.
fantasy s. [fsentaesij] : ecstasy s. VA 897. 2
fearfully av. [feirfulij] : dy* s. PP 18. 288. 8
flattery s. [flseterij] : alchemy s. S 114.2.
yty v. [flij] : advisedly av. RL 177.4 -f- destiny s. RL
1728. 4 + <&? v. RL 230. 4 -f- eye s. RL 177,*
1014 ;4 LC 249 (twice),4 325. 5 4- majesty s. S
78. 6. 4 -h mutiny s. RL 1150.4 4- readily av.
ib.4 4- s£y s. RL 1406. 4
fortify v. [fortifij] : memory s. S 63. 9. 6
gravity s. [grgevitij] : ^y^ s. S 49. 8. 7
Afe v. [hij] : eye s. RL 1341. + lie v. ("rest") ib.
high s. — : majesty s. VA 854. 8
— av. — : dry a. VA 551. 8
history s. [historij] : eye s. S 93. 7.
husbandry s. [huzbsendrijl : posterity s. S 3. 6.
/ pn. [ij] :rffc v. VA 1015; RL 1136. -f eye s. RL
1136. + lie s. S 72.7.
impiety s. [im'pijetij] : enemy s. RL 1174.9 4- infamy
s/ib.9 4- socatfy s. S 67. 2. 9
incertainty s. [in'sertseintij] : tyranny s. S 115. II.10
infamy s. (n) [infoemij] : ^ v. RL 1055. n 4- enemy
s. RL 1173.11 4- enmity s. RL 504. 4- impiety
s. RL 1173.11 4- #z;*ry s. RL 1055. » 4- nativity
s. RL 539. " 4; opportunity s. RL 1025. ll
%* For (i) see rimes in [i:].
infirmity s. (n) [in'firmitij] : chastity s. PT 60. 12 -i-
posterity s. ib. 12 *^* For (i) see rimes in [i:].
iniquitv s. (n) [in'ikwitij] : antiquity s. S 62. 12. -i-
^ v. RL 1687. 13 *,,,* For (i) see rimes in [i:],
injury s. [indsmrij] , [-c^erij] : liberty s. S 58. 8. -t-
poverty s. $ 40. 12.
1 eie. 2 fantasie. 3 fearefully. 4 ./K0. 5 ^y^.
6 fortifie. 7 grauitie. 8 A?V. 9 impietie. 10 in-ccr-
tainty. " infamie. 13 infirmitie. 13 iniquitie*
140 [ij]- RIMES. [III.
Italy npr. [itselij] : chivalry s. RL 107. 1 4- victory
s. ib. J
jealousv s. [d$elusij] : mutiny s. VA 649. 2 4- prophesy
v. VA 1137. 2 -j- pry v. S 61. 8.3 -f- spy s.
VA 657. 2
jollity s. [d2;o!itij] : cry v. S 66. 3. 4
leisurely av. [le(:)ziurlij], [-zerlij] : audacity s. RL
1349.5 4- saucily av. ib.5
liberty s. [libertij] : injurv s. S 58. 6. 6
./fc s. [lij] : o^ s. S 152. 14. + / pn. S 72. 5. 7
lie v. (''speak falsely") —\defy v. S 123. 11. -f- why
av. S 115. 1.
— v. ("rest") — : by prp. S 73. 10. 7 -f- deny v. S
46. 5. 7 -f- die v. VA 245; S 81. 8, 7 92.10. 4-
dry a. VA 234. -f- eye s. VA 646, 7 663 ;7 RL
1342; S 31.8. -f- hie v. RL 1342. + qualify v.
S 109. 4. 7 + rar#y s. PT 55. 4- simplicity s.
ib. 4- 5*y s. VA 151.
livery s. [liverij] : audaciously av. RL 1222. 8 -|- die
v. RL 1054.8 -}- infamy s. ib.8 + modesty s.
RL 1222. 8
lustily av. [lustilij] : cry s. VA 869.
luxury s. [luksiurij], [-serij] : chastity s. LC 314-9
majesty s. [maec^estij] : dexterity s. RL 1387. 10 -f-
eye s. RL 93 ; 10 S 7. 4. +.#y v. S 78. 8. 10 4- /^^
s. VA 856. " -f- 5^/s/y v. RL 93. 10
masonry s. [mseisonrij] : memory s. S 55. 6.
melody s. [melodij] : company s. RL 1108. 12 + society
s. ib.12
memory s. [memorij] : dfe v. S 1.4. -f- eternitv s. S
77. 6, 13 122. 2. 4- /or^/y v. S 63. 11. 4- masonry
s. S 55.8. 4- sky s. S 15.8.
misery s. (ii.) [mizerijj : tyranny s. VA 738. 14 *#*
For (i.) see rimes in [i:].
1 Italic. 2 iealousie. 3 lelousie. 4 iollitie.
6 leysurelie. 6 libertie. 7 /y^. 8 liuerie. 9 luxurie.
10 Maiestie. n maiestie. ia melodic. 13 memoric.
14 miserie.
85. J RIMES IN [ij]. 141
modesty s. [modestij] : audaciously av. RL 1220. J 4-
beautlfy v. RL 401. l 4- livery s. RL 1220. * 4-
mortality s. RL 401. * 4- outwardly av. LC 202..
mortality s. [mor'tselitij] : beautify v. RL 403. 2 4-
modesty s. ib. 2
mutiny s. [miutinij] :y?y v. RL 1153.3 -j- jealousy s.
VA 651. 3 + ra«/*7;y av. RL 1153.3
nativity s. [nas'tivitij] : infamy s. RL 538. 4
w^/2 av. [nij]:fry av. LC 57. 5 4- ey<? s. VA 34 1.6
obloquy s. [oblokwij] : bastardy s. RL 523. 7 4- £>^
s. "ib. 7
obscurity s. [ob'skiuritij] : posterity s. V A 760. 8
opportunity s. (ii.) [opor'tiunitij] : infamy s. RL 1023. 9
4- quality s. RL 874. %* For (i.) see rimes
in [i:].
outwardly av. [uwtwgerdlij] : modesty s. LC 203.
patiently av. [paeisientlij] : cry v. RL 1641.
perjury s. [perdziurij], [-dzerij] : ^y^ s. PP 3 (from
LL 4.3).31>
perpetually av. [per'petmaelij] : purify v. RL 686. n
piety s. [pijetij] : ^K s. RL 542. 12
posterity s. (ii) [pos'teritij] : chastity s. PT 59. 13 4-
enmity s. S 55. 11. 4- husbandry s. S 3. 8. 4-
inflrmity s. PT 59. 13 4- obscurity s. VA 758. 13
*
For (i) see rimes in [-i:].
. S
poverty s. [povertij] : injury s. S 40. 10.
presently av. [prezentlij] : suddenly av. PP 13. 172.
prophesy v. [profesij] -.jealousy s. VA 1135. u
pry v. [prij] -.jealousy s. S 61.6. 15
/>wr#y v. [piurifij] -.perpetually av. RL 685. 16
qualify v. [kwselifij] : //* v. ("rest") S 109. 2. 17
quality s. [kwaelitij] : amplify v. LC 210. 18 4- tfsfr-o-
wowy s. S 14. 4. 18 4- discovery s. RL 1313. 4-
opportunity s. RL 875. 4- uncertainly av. RL 1313.
1 modestie. 2 tnortalitie. 3 mutinie. * natiuitie.
r* ny. 6 nye. 7 obloquie. 8 obscuritie. 9 oportu-
nitie. 10 periurie. J1 perpetuallie. 12 pietie.
13 posteritie. u prophede. 15 ^>r^. 16 purifie.
17 quallifie. 1R quallity.
142 [ij]- RIMES. [III.
rarity s. [rseiritij] : lie v. ("rest") PT 53. 1 -f- simpli-
city s. ib. l
readily av. [re(:)dilij] \fly v. RL 1152. 2 -f- mutiny s. ib.2
remedy s. [remedij] : by av. S 154.11. -f- eye s. S
62. 3. 3
satisfy v. [saetisfij] : eye s. RL 96. 4 4- majesty s. ib. 4
saucily av. [sarsilij] : audacity s. RL 1348. 5 -f- leisurely
av. ib. 5
scarcity s. [skaeirsitij] : chastity s. VA 753. 6
secrecy s. [seikresij] : affectedly av. LC 49.
simplicity s. [sim'plisitij] : authority s. S 66. II7. -f
ft* v. ("rest") PT 54. 8 4- rarfljy s. ib.8
s£}> s. [skij] : by av. VA 348. 9 -f company s. RL
1587. 9 H- ey* s. VA 184, 9 485, 9 815; 10 RL 12307 »
1587. 9 -f- y?y v. RL 1407. 9 4- /fc v. ("rest")
VA 153. 9 -f- memory s. S 15. 6. 9 -f- sympathy
s. RL 1230. 9
society s. [so'sijetij] : company s. RL 1111. n -f- /w/-
piety s. S 67. 4. " + melody s. RL 111 I.11
spy s. [spij] -.jealousy s. VA 655. 12
stedfastly av. [stedfaestlij] : ^y^ s. VA 1063.
suddenly av. [sudaeinlij] : presently av. PP 13. 170. 13
sympathy s. [simpaeeij] : eye s. RL 1229. u + s£y
s. ib.34
thereby av. [deir'bij] : ^ v. S 11. 13.15
tyranny s. [tiraenij] : incertainty s. S 115. 9. 16 -f- misery
s. VA 737. 17
uncertainly av. [un'sertaeinlij] : discovery s. RL 1311. 18
-}- quality s. ib. 18
victory s. [viktorij] : chivalry s. RL 110. 19 -
npr. ib.19
'wantonly av. [wasntonlijj : ^ s. S 54. 7.
av. [hwij] : lie v. ("speak falsely") S 115.3.
1 Raritie. 2 readilie. 3 remedie. 4 satisfie.
8 saucilie. 6 scarcitie. 7 Simplicitie. 8 simplicitie.
9 s^>. 10 5^y^. n societie. 12 s/>z*£. 18 sodainly.
14 simpathie. 15 therby. 16 tiranie. 17 tyrannic.
18 vncertainely. 19 victorie.
S6-93-] RIMES IN [ijig], [ijet], [ijetij], [ijail], [ijot], &c. 143
86. Rimes in |ijii)|.
defying g. [defijiij] : denying g. PP 18. 250. + reny-
ing g. ib.
denying g. [de'nijii)] : defying g. PP 18. 249. l -f
renying g. ib.
renying g. [re'nijii)] : defying g. PP 18. 25 1.2 -f-
denying g. ib. •
87. Rime in [ijet].
quiet s. [kwijet] : || riot s. VA 1149.
88. Rimes in [ijeti(j)].
satiety s. [sae'sijeti(j)] : variety s. VA 19.3
variety s. [vae'rijeti(j)] : satiety s. VA 2 1.4
89. Rimes in [ijail], [ijael].
denial s. [de'nijail], [-ijael] :<#«/ s. RL 324. 5 -f- trial
s. ib.5
dial s. [dijail], [dijael] : denial s. RL 327. 6 + trial s. ib. 6
/r/«/ s. [trijail], [-ijael] : denial s. RL 326. 7 4- dial s. ib. 7
90. Rime in [ijot].
riot s. [rijot] : || quiet s. VA 1147.8
91. Rimes iir['ij him].
d^ /?/w pr. & pn. ['bij him] : spy him v. & pn. RL 882.
spy him v. & pn. ['spij him] : by him pr. & pn. RL 88 1.9
92. Rimes in ['ij her].
-fby her pr. & pn. [bij her] : try her v. & pn. PP 11. 143.
\try her v. & pn. [trij her] : by her pr. & pn. PP 11. 145. 10
93. Rimes in [ijbzj.
subscribes v. [sub'skrijbz] : tribes s. S 107. 10.
tribes s. [trijbz] : subscribes v. S 107. 12.
1 is dying. 2 nenying (misprint). 3 sacietie.
4 varietie. B deniall. 6 diall. 7 triall. 8 ryot.
9 spie him. 10 trie her.
144 [ij]- RIMES. [IIL
94. Rimes in [ijm].
climb v. [klijm] : crime s. RL 775. l -h time s. ib. 1
crime s. [krijm] : climb v. RL 772. -+- time s. ib.r
931, 993; S 19.8, 58.12, &c. (4).
prime s. [prijm] : time s. VA 131; RL 332; S 3. 10,
12.3, &c. (4).
rhyme (rime) s. [rijm] : time s. S 16. 4, 2 17. 14, 2 &c. (6).
time s. .[tijm] : climb v. RL 774. + crime s. ib., 930,
994; S 19.6, 58.10, &c. (4).8 -+- prime s. VA
132; RL 330; S 3. 12, 12. 1, &c. (4). -h rhyme
(rime) s. S 16.2, 17.13, &c. (6).
95. Rimes in [ijmz].
rhymes (rimes) s. [rijmz] : times s. RL 524. 4
times s. [tijmz] : rhymes (rimes) s. RL 525.
96. Rimes in [ijv].
alive a. [ae'lijv] : hive s. RL 1768. + strive v. S 112. 7.
-f- survive v. VA 174; RL 1768. ~f- #*ra;£ v.
VA 1009.
contrive v. [kon'trijv] : survive v. RL 206.
derive v. [de'rijv] : thrive v. S 14. 9.
/^'i^ s. [hijv] : «//z>^ a. RL 1769. -f- survive v. ib.
s£ra;£ v. [strijv] : alive a. S 112.5.
survive v. [sur vijv] : o/rw a. VA 173; RL 1766. -f-
contrive a. RL 204. + hive s. RL 1766.
thrive v. [erijv] : alive a. VA 1011. -\- derive v. S 14. 1L
97. Rimes in [ijv(e)d].
arrived pt. [aefrijv(e)d] : strived pt. RL 50.
deprived pp. [de'prijv(e)d] : derived pp. RL 1752. -f-
unlived a. ib.
derived pp.* [de'rijv(e)d] : deprived pp. RL 1755. -f-
unlived a. ib.
strived pt. [strijv(e)d] : arrived pt. RL 52.
unlived pp. [un'lijv(e)d] : deprived pp. RL 1754. 4-
derived pp. ib.
(always). 3 J^m^ (once). * rimes.
98-101.] RIMES IN [ijve0], [ijvz], [ijf], [ijdj. 145
98. Rimes in [ijvee].
reviveth v. [re'vijvee] : thriveth v. VA 464.
thriveth v. [0rijve0] : reviveth v. VA 466.
99. Rimes in [ijvz].
contrives v. [kon'trijvz] : gyves s. LC 243. -f- strives
v. ib.
gyves s. [d;ijvz] : contrives v. LC 242. 1 -+- strives
v. ib. ! *
strives v. [strijvz] : contrives v. LC 240. -f- gyves s. ib.
100. Rimes in [ijf].
knife s. [knijf] : /#* s. RL1047, 1184; S 63. 10, 74. 11,
100. 14. -h wife s. RL 1047, 1840.
life s. [\i]i]: knife s. RL 1045, 1186; S 63.12, 74.9,
100.13. + strife s. VA 12, 289, 766; RL 141,
233, &c. (5); S 75. 1. -f- wife s. RL 233, 1045,
&c. (5); S 9.2.
strife s. [strijf] : life s. VA 11, 291, 764; RL 143,
236, &c. (5); S 75.3. -f- wife s. RL 236, 1377,
1791.
wife s. [wijf] -.knife s. RL 1048, 1841. -f- life s. RL
235, 1048, &c. (5); S 9. 4. -f- strife s. RL 235,
1376, 1792.
101. Rimes in [ijd].
abide v. [ae'bijd] : chide v. RL 486. -f- deified pp.
LC 83. -f- putrified pp. RL 1749. H- slide v.
S 45. 2. 4- tafe s. RL 647. -h wide av. S 27. 5.
applied pp. [ae'plijd] : divide v. LC 68. + purified pp.
RL 531. -h swfe s. LC 68.
aside av. [ae'sijd] : bide v. S 139. 6. -f- espied pp. RL
362. -f- pride s. S 76. 3. + wide av. RL 362.
belied pp. [bilijd] : 5/>z<?<? pt. RL 1533. -f- wide av.
S 140. 13. 2
1 gives. 2 fo /.ydte (sic).
Victor, Shakespeare's Pronunciation. I. 10
146 [ij]- RIMES. [III.
beside av. [bi'sijd] : pride s. S 103.4. -}- self-applied
pp. LC 77. 4- tide s. VA 981.
- prp. — : bide v. LC 32. -f- pride s. ib.
bide v. [bijd] : aside av. S 139. 8. 4- beside prp. LC
33. 4- ./>™te s. ib.
chide v. [tjijd] : abide v. RL 484. 4- dyed pp. S 99. 1.
-|- />r/Vfe s. ib. 4- provide v. S 111. 1.
deified pp. [de:ifijd] : 0&*Vfe v. LC 84. 1
denied pp. [de'nijd] : hide v. S 142. 14. 2
dignified pp. [dignifijd] : flfy^rf pp. S 101.4.3 4- Mfe
v. RL 660. 4- /raVfe s. ib.
<#«* pp. [dijd] : side s. RL 379.
divide v. [di'vijd] : applied pp. LC 67. 4 -J- sjVfc? s. RL
1737;* LC 67.*
dyed pp. [dijd] : chide v. S 99. 5. 5 -f- dignified pp.
S 101. 2. 6 4- />riVfe s. S 99. 5. 5
espied pp. [e'spijd] : asofc av. RL 361. 4- wwfe av. ib.
ey'd pt. [ifi}: pride s. S 104. 2. 7
gw/Vfc s. [gijd] : tried pp. RL 351.
_ v. —i side s. VA 179.
hide s. [hijd] : side s. S 50. 10. 4- wide a. VA 298.
— v. — : denied pp. S 142. 13. -f- dignified pp. RL
663. -i- jpnVfe s. ib. ; S 52. 10. + ride v. S 33. 7.
pride s. [prijd] : oszVfe av. S 76. 1. 4- beside av. S
103. 2. H prp. LC 30. -f- btde v. ib. -j- chide
v. S 99. 3. -f- dignified pp. RL 662. + dyed pp.
S 99. 3. -f- ey'd pt. S 104. 4. -f. ftiVfe v. RL 662;
S 52. 12. -f- ride v. S 80. 12. 4- side s. RL 1809;
*S 144.8, 151. 10; PP 2 (= S 144). 22. + tide
s. RL 1669. 4- *«W pp. VA 278.
provide v. [pro'vijd] : ift&fc v. S 111.3.
purified pp. [piurifijd] : applied pp. RL 532.
putrified pp. [piutrif ijd | : abide v. RL 1750.
qualified pp. [kwaelifijd] : satisfied pp. RL 424. 4- siVfe
s. ib.
ride v. [rijd] : hide v. S 33. 5. 4- />rafc» s. S 80. 10. 4-
tied pp. S 137.6; LC 22.
1 Deified. z denide. 3 dignifi'd. * deuide.
5 6 '
I02-I03-] RIMES IN [ijdiij], [ijt], AND POSSIBLY [ij(g)t]. 147
satisfied pp. [saetisfijd] : qualified pp. RL 422. -f- side
s. ib.
self-applied pp. ['self-se'plijd] : beside av. LC 76. x
side s. [sijd] : applied pp. LC 65. 4- <#*** pp. RL 381.
-f- divide v. RL 1739; LC 65. 4- #i«Vfe v. VA
180. -h hide s. S 50. 12. 4- pride s. RL 1807 ;
S 144. 6,2 151. 12; PP 2 (= S 144). 20. 4- £««/i-
fied pp. RL 425. 4- satisfied pp. ib.
5/iVfe v. [slijd] : abide v. S 45. 4.
s/wd pt. [spijd] : belied pp. RL 1532.
tide s. [tijd] : afcVte v. RL 645. 4- beside av. VA
979. 4- /rafe s. RL 1667.
tied pp. [tijd]: ride v. S 137.8;3 LC 24. 3
tried pp. [trijd] : guide s. RL 353. 4- pride s. VA 280.4
wttfe a. [wijd] : /wdte s. VA 296.
— av. — : abide v. S 27. 7. 4- aside av. RL 359. 4-
pp. S 140. 14. 4- ^s/>/^ pp. RL 359.
102. Rimes in [ijdii]].
biding g. [bijdiij] : dividing g. RL 550. 4- hiding p. ib.
dividing g. [di'vijdiij] : biding g. RL 551. 5 -Chiding
p. ib.6
hiding p. [hijdiij] : biding g. RL 548. 4- dividing
g. ib.
103. Rimes in [ijt], and possibly [ij(cjt].
affright v. [3e'frij(<?)t] :jftg-/tf s. RL 971. 4 nights, ib.
appetite s. [aepe'tijt] : delight s. RL 9. -f- #wg^ s. S
56. 2. 6 -h r/^ s. RL 546. 4- white a. RL 9.
aright av. [aenj(£)t] : szg7^ s. S 148. 4.
an£/tf a. [brij(5)t] : light s. VA 862; RL 376; S 43. 5.
-f- might s. S 65. 14. 4- night s. S 28. 9 ; 147. 13.
-H sight s. RL 376. -j- write v. S 21. 11.
convertite s. [konvertijt] : /jg-^f s. RL 743.
delight s. [de'lij(?)t] : appetite s. RL 12. 4- //£•/*/ av.
("not heavily") VA 1030. 4- might s. RL 487.
1 selfe applyed. 2 sight (misprint). 3 tide. * tride.
6 deuiding. 6 apetite.
10*
148 [ij]- RIMES. [III.
4- night s. RL 357, 487, &c. (4); S 102.12;
PP 19. 314. 4- sight s. RL 385; S 47. 14, 75. 11.
4- spite s. S 36.8, 37.1. + white a. VA 78,
400; RL 12; S 98.11, 130.7.
_ v. _. flight s. RL 697. + night s. VA 843;
RL 697.
despite s. [de'spij(?)t] : night s. VA 731 ; l RL 1026. 1
4- right s. ib. l 4- white a. RL 55. 1
downright av. fduwii'rij(c)t1 : white a. VA 645. 2
fight s. [fij(s)t] : wight s. VA 114. -{-plights. PP
18.280. 4- gw«te av. S 25. 9. 8 -f- white a.
RL 62.
— v. ---.knight s. PP 16.215. 4- /agtftf s. S 60.7.
4. _ a. ("not heavy") S 88. 3. 4- night s. RL
124. 4- r&Af s. RL 68. 4- sight s. RL 1402.
4- 5/>/fc s. PP 16. 215. 4- spright s. RL 124. 4-
w/wfc? a. RL 68, 1402. 4- wrtf* v. RL 1298.
flight s. [flij(9)t] : affright v. RL 968. 4- delight v.
RL 695. 4- m/£/irf s. LC 244. 4- night s. RL
695, 968.
knight s. [knij(5)t] : fight v. PP 16.216. + spite
s. ib.
//^ s. [lij(?)t] : 6«^ a. VA 860; RL 375; S 43. 7.
4 convertite s. RL 745. + ,/%r/tf v. S 60. 5. +
midnight s. RL 1627. + wight s. S 100.4. +
night s. VA 491, 533, 756, 1039; RL 164, 397, &c.
(8). + right s. RL 940. + sight s. RL 105, 375;
5 7. 1, 38.8. + white a. VA 1051; RL 397.
— a. ("not dark") — : spite s. VA 1134.
— a. ("not heavy") — : fight v. S 88. 1.
— av. ("not heavily") — : delight s. VA 1028.
midnight s. ['mid mj(?)t] : light s. RL 1625.
wight s. [mij(s)t] : appetite s. S 56. 4. 4- bright av.
S 65. 13. 4 delight s. RL 488. + fight s. VA
113. + flight s. LC 245. + light s. S 100.2. +
night s. RL 488. 4- rite s. S 23. 8. + sight s.
S 123.2, 139.7, 150.1. 4- spite s. S 90.12. +
\\ strike v. PP 19. 302. 4- write v. S 80. 3.
1 despight. 2 downe right. 3 worth (misprint).
103.] RIMES IN [ijt], AND POSSIBLY [ij(<;)t]. 149
night s. [nijfc)t] : affright v. RL 970. + bright a. S
28. 11, 147. 14. 4- delights. RL 356, 485, &c. (4);
S 102. 10; PP 19. 312. -f — v. VA 841; RL 698.
4- despite s. VA 732; RL 1024. -{-fight v. RL 123.
+ flights. RL 698, 970. -f light s. VA 492, 534,
755, 1041 ; RL 162, 396, £c. (8). -f might s. RL
485. + plight s. S 28. 3. + right s. VA 1186; RL
942, 1024. 4- sights. VA 122, 821 ; S 15. 12, 27. 11,
&c. (6); PP 15. 200. + spite s. RL 763. + spright
s. RL 123, 449. -f white a. RL 396; S 12.2. +
write v. S 86. 7.
plight s. [plijfc)t] : fight s. PP 18. 277. + night s.
quite av. f^jt]:*fight s. S 25.11. + recite v. S
72. 4. 4- write v. S 103. 7.
recite v. [re'sijt] : quite av. S 72. 1.
right s. [rij(9)t] : appetite s. RL 545. 4- despite s. RL
1027. -f fight v. RL 67. + light -s. RL 943. +
night s. VA 1184; RL 943, 1027. -f sight s. S
46.4, 117.6; PT 34. + white a. RL 67; PT 16.
rite s. [rijt], [rij(?)t] : might s. S 23. 6. x
sight s. [sij($)t] : aright av. S 148. 2. -f bright a. RL
373. + delight s. RL 384; S 47. 13, 75. 9. + fight
v. RL 1404. + light s. RL 104, 373; S 7.3,
38. 6. + might s. S 123. 4, 139. 5, 150. 3. + night
s. VA 124, 822; S 15.10, 27.9, fcc. (6); PP
15.202. + right s. S 46.2, 117.8; PT 35. +
spright s. VA 183. + white a. VA 1166; RL
1404.
spite s. [spijt], [spij(<?)t] : delight s. S 36. 6, 2 37. 3. 2
-f- fight v. PP 16. 217. + knight s. ib. -f light
a. ("not dark") VA 1133,2 + might s. S 90. 10.2
+ night s. RL 762.
spright, sprite s. [sprijfc)t], [sprijt] iftghtv. RL 12 1.3
-f night s. ib.,3 451. 3 + sight s. VA 181. 8
white a. [hwijt] : appetite s. RL 11. 4- delight s. VA
77, 398; RL 11; S 98.9, 130.5. + despite s.
1 right. 2 spight. ?> sprite.
150 [ij]- RIMES. [III.
RL 56. -f downright av. VA 643. -f fight s. RL
63. H -- v. RL 65, 1405. + light s. VA 1053;
RL 394. + night s. ib. ; S 12. 4. -f right s. RL
65-, PT 13. + sight s. VA 1168; RL 1405.
write v. [wrijt] : bright a. S 21. 9. + fight v. RL
1296. -f might s. S 80. 1. + ;«^ s. S 86.5. -f
av. S 103. 5.
104. Rimes in |ij(Q)th)|.
delighting p. [delijfcjtiij] -.fighting p. RL 430.
fighting p. [fij(£)tii)] : delighting p. RL 428.
105. Rimes in [ijted], [ij(cjted].
delighted pp. [de'lij(£)ted] : invited pp. S 141.5.
invited pp. [inVijted] : delighted pp. S 141. 7.
106. Rimes in [ijtee], [ij(cjtee],
lighteth v. [lij(g)tee] : smiteth v. RL 178.
smiteth v. [smijteQ]: lightetk v. RL 176.
107, Rimes in [ij(c,)ts].
knights s. [knij(9)ts] : wights s. S 106. 4. x
/z£/tfs s. [lij(5)ts] : nigKts s. RL 1378. + sights s. RL
461.
nights s. [nij(s)ts] : /fe-Ate s. RL 1379.
sights s. [sij(9)ts] : lights s. RL 462.
wights s. [wij(9)ts] : knights s. S 106. 2.
108. Rimes in [ijnj.
brine s. [brijn] : eyne s. LC 17. -f w/m^ pn. RL 796.
-f ^>m£ v. ib.
Collatine npr. [kolsetijn] : ^s/^w s. RL 1689. 2 + divine
a. RL 289. 2 1166. 2 + i»c/i»^ v. RL 289. 2 -f //w^
s. RL819.2 + mine pn. RL82672 1177, 2 1689, 2
1799.2 + pine s. RL 1166.2
confine s. [kon'fijn] : thine pn. LC 265.
1 Knights. 2 Colatine (in small capitals).
109-] RIMES IN [ijnd]. 151
define v. [de'fijn] : mine pn. S 62. 7.
design s. [de'sijn], [de'zijn] : Collatine npr. RL 1692. x
-f mine pn. ib. ; l LC 278. * 4 />///£ v. ib. 1
divine a. [di'vijn] : Collatine npr. RL 291, 2 1164.2 +
incline v. RL 291. 2 4 pine s. RL 1164.2 + shine
s. VA 730. 4- shrine s. RL 193. 2 4 thine pn. ib.2;
S 108.5.
eyne s. [ijn] : brine s. LC 15. 4 mine pn. RL 643.3
4 thine pn. VA 633.4
groin (i. e. *grine) s. [grijn] : swine s. VA 1116.5
incline v. [in'klijn] : Collatine npr. RL 292. 4 divine
a. ib.
line s. [lijn] : Collatine npr. RL 818. 4 #«#£ pn. S 86. 13.
mine s. [mijn] : shine v. PT 36.
_ pn. _ . brine s. RL 793. 4 Collatine npr. RL 825,
1179, 1691, 1798. -f define v. S 62.5. 4 design
s. RL 1691; LC 277. 4 eyne s. RL 644. 4 line
s. S 86. 14. 4- pine v. RL 793; LC 277. 4 shine
v. S 33. 11 ; PP 3 (from LL 4. 3). 40. 4 thine pn.
VA 117, 502; RL 483; S 2.10, 26.5, &c. (5).
pine s. [pijn] : Collatine npr. RL 1167.6 4- divine a. ib.6
. v. _ : brine s. RL 795. 4 design s. LC 275. 4-
mine pn. RL 795; LC 275.
repine s. [re'pijn] : shine s. VA 490.
shine s. [ Jijn] : divine a. VA 728. 4 repine s. VA 488.
_ v. _ : mine s. PT 33. 4 — pn. S 33. 9; PP 3 (from
LL 4. 3). 38. 4 thine pn. S 135. 8.
shrine s. [jrijn] : divine a. RL 194. 4 thine pn. ib.
swine s. [swijn]:£rom (*grine) s. VA 1115.
thine pn. [dijn] : confine s. LC 266. 4- divine a. RL
191; S 108.7. + eyne s. VA 631. + mine pn.
VA 115, 500; RL 482; S 2. 12, 26. 7, &c. (5). +
shine v. S 135.6. 4 shrine s. RL 191.
109. Rimes in [ijnd].
assign' d pp. [ae'sijnd] -.find v. LC 138. 4 mind s. ib.
behind av. [bi'hijnd] : kind a. RL 1425; S 143.10.
4 mind s. RL 734, 7 1413, 1425; S 9.6, 50. 14.
1 designe. 2 deuine. 3 eien. 4 eine.
5 groine. 6 Pine. 1 behinde.
152 [ij]- RIMES. [IIL
bind v. [bijnd] : kind a. S 134. 8.1
blind a. [blijnd] -.find v. RL 758 ;2 S 148. 13. 2 + mind
s. RL 758 ;2 S 113. 3, 149. 14.
confined pp. [kon'fijnd] -.grind v. S 110. 12.3 + kind
a. S 105. 7.4
find v. [fijnd] : assigned pp. LC 137. -f blind a. RL
760 ;5 S 148. 14. 5 + inclined pp. RL 1654. 5 +
kind a. LC 187. + mind s. RL 760,5 1539, 1654 ;5
S 27. 14, 5 77. II,5 92. II;5 LC 88, 137, 187. +
wind s. S 14. 8,5 51. 5; LC 88; PP 17 (from LL
4. 3). 232, |21. 406.
grind v. [grijnd] : confined pp. S 110. 10. 6
inclined pp. [in'klijnd] :findv. RL 1657. 7 -f minds, ib.7
kind s. [kijnd] : mind s. VA 1018.
— a. —-.behind av. RL 1423;8 S 143.12. + bind
v. S 134. 6.8 + confined pp. S 105. 5.8 + find v.
LC 186. + wind s. RL 1423;8 S 10. 11, 69. 11;
LC 186.
mind s. [mijnd] : assign' d pp. LC 135. -f behind av.
RL 735,9 1414, 1426; S 9. 8, 9 50. 13. + blind*.
RL 761 ;9 S 113. I,9 149. 13. » + find v. RL 761,9
1540, 1656; S 27.13, 77. 13, 9 92.9;9LC89,9
135, 184. -f inclined pp. RL 1656. + kind s. VA
1016. + -- a. RL 1426; S 10. 9, 9 69.9; LC 184.
+ unkind a. VA 203,9 308.9 + wind s. VA 340 ;9
LC 89.9
unkind a. [un'kijnd] : mind s. VA 204, 310. 10 + wind
s. VA 187. 10
wind s. [wijnd] :y&w* v. S 14. 6, " 51.7; LC 86; PP
17 (from LL 4. 3). 231, |21. 405. -f mind s. VA
338 ;n LC 86. + unkind a. VA 189. "
110. Rimes in [ijndnes].
blindness s. [blijndnes] : kindness s. S 152. II.12
kindness s. [kijndnes] : blindness s. S 152. 9. 18
1 binde. * blinde. 3 confirid. 4 confirfde
5 .#w<3te. 6 grin'de. 7 inclind. 8 fo'mte.
9 minde. 10 vnkinde. n winde. 12 blindnesse.
13 kindnesse.
Hi-US-] RIMES IN [ijndz], [ijnz], [ijl], [ijlil)], [ijld]. 153
111. Rimes in [ijndz].
finds v. [fijndz] : minds s. S 116. 3. l
kinds s. [kijndz] : minds s. RL 1147, 1242. 2
minds s. [mijndz] -.finds v. S 116. I.8 -f kinds s. RL
1148, 1240. 3 + winds s. S 117. 5. 3
winds s. [wijndz] : minds s. S 117. 7. 4
112. Rimes in [ijnz].
declines v. [de'klijnz] : shines v. S 18. 7.
shines v. [Jijnz] : declines v. S 18. 5.
113. Rimes in [ijlj.
beguile v. [bi'gijl] : <z0M£ s. VA 1144.
compile v. [kom'pijl] : style s. S 78. 9.
exile s. [ek'sijl] : smile v. PP 14. 189.
guile s. [gijl] : wM<? s. RL 1534.
smile v. [smijl] : exile s. PP 14. 187.
style s. [stijl] : compile v. S 78. II.5
while s. [hwijl] : beguile v. VA 1142. -j- guile s. RL
1536.
114. Rimes in [ijln]].
beguiling g. [bi'gijlii)] : defiling g. LC 170. -f smiling
g. ib.
defiling g. [de'fijlii)] : beguiling g. LC 173. + smiling
g. ib.
smiling g. [smijliij] : beguiling g. LC 172. + defiling
g. ib.
115. Rimes in [ijld].
beguiled pp. [bi'gijld] : cMfi? s. RL 957 ;6 S 59. 2. 6
-f- d^to? pp. RL 1544. 6 -f mild a. ib.6 + ^smiled
pt. PP 21. 402. 6 -f wild a. RL 957. 6
child s. [tjijld] : beguiled pp. RL 954 ;7 S 59.4. +
defiled pp. RL 785. + *fi7rf a. VA 1152;7 RL
1094. 7 -f wiW a. RL 954? 7 1094.7
findes. 2 kindes. 3 mindes. 4 windes.
8 beguild. 7
154 [ij]- RIMES. [III.
compiled pp. [kom'pijldj -.filed pp. S 85. 2.1
defiled pp. [de'fijld] : beguiled pp. RL 1545.2 + child
s. RL 787. 3 -f mild a. RL 1545.2
y?/^ pp. [fijld] : compiled pp. S 85. 4. 4
mild ?L. [mijld] : beguiled pp. RL 1542. 5 -f child s,.
VA 1151;5 RL 1096. 5 + rf^/«J pp. RL 1542.5
+ wild a. RL 1096. 5
•^smiled pt. [smijld] : beguiled pp. PP 21. 401. 6
wild a. [wijld] : beguiled pp. RL 956. -f child s. ib.,
1097. 7 + 0»7rf a. ib. 7
116. Rimes in [ijldnes].
mildness s. [mijldnes] : wildness s. RL 979. c
wildness s. [wijldnes] : mildness s. RL 980. 9
117. Rimes in [ij(,)r].
admire v. [aed'mij(,)r] : desire s. S 123. 5. + fire s.
PP 5 (from LL 4. 2). 66. 10
aspire v. [ae'spij(,)rl : desire s. RL 5. + fire s. VA
150; RL 5.
conspire v. [kon'spij(,)r] : desire s. S 10. 6.
dte/ir* s. [defzij(,)r] : admire v. S 123. 7. -f aspire v.
RL 2. + conspire v. S 10. 8. + fire s. VA 36, "
276, &c. (5); RL 2, 182, 1490, 1606; S 45. 3, 154. 7.
-f relier s. RL 642. -f require v. S 57. 2. + retire
s. RL 574. + — v. RL 175, 642. + sire s. VA
1180; RL 234. + tire v. RL 706.
— v. — -.fire s. VA 496. + mire s. RL 1011.
expire v. [eks'pij(,)r] -.fire s. S 73. 11.
fire s. [fij(,)r] : admire v. PP 5 (from LL 4. 2). 68. +
aspire v. VA 149; RL 4. + flfcs/^ s. VA 35,12
275, &c. (5); RL 4, 181, 1491, 1604; S 45.1,
154. 5. _| -- v. VA 494. + expire v. S 73. 9.
+ sire s. VA 1162.
mire c. [mijf,)r] : desire v. RL 1009.
relier s. [re'lijQr] : desire s. RL 639. -|- retire v. ib.
1 compil'd. * deftld. * defil'd. * fil'd.
6 milde. 6 smilde. 7 wilde. 8 mildnesse.
9 wildnesse. 10 admyre. n desier. ™ fier.
1 1 8- 1 2 1.] RIMES IN [ijred], [ij(,)rd], ['ijdi:], [pijdem],[ijz]. 155
require v. [re'kwijQr] : desire s. S 57. 4.
retire s. [re'tij(,)r] : desire s. RL 573.
— v. — : desire s. RL 174, 641. -f- relier s. ib.
sire s. [sij(,)r] : desire s. VA 1178; RL 232. + fire
s. VA 1160.
tire v. [tij(,)r] : desire s. RL 707.
118. Rimes in [ijred], [ij(,)rdj.
admired pt. [aed'mijred], [-ij(,)rd] : desired pt. RL 418,
-f tired pt. ib.
desired pt. [de'zijred], [-ijQrd] : admired pt. RL 415.
-f new-fired pt. S 153. 11. + #ra* pt. RL 415.
expired pp. [eks'pijred], [-ij(,)rd] : tired pp. S 27. 4.
new-fired pt. ['niu-'fijred], [-iJG)rd] : desired pt. S 153. 9. x
tfra? pt. [tijred], [-ij(,)rd] : admired pt. RL 417. 2 +
desired pt. ib.2
— pp. — : expired pp. S 27. 2.
119. Rimes in [fij di:].
defy thee v. & pn. [de'fij dii] : hie thee v. & pn. PP
12. 167. 3
hie thee v. & pn. ['hij di:] : defy thee v. & pn. ib.
120. Rimes in ['ij dcm],
hie them v. & pn. ['hij dem] : overfly them v. & pn.
VA 323.
overfly them v. & pn. [over'flij dem] : hie them v. &
pn. VA 324.
121. Rimes in [ijz],
arise v. [ se'rijz] : despise v. RL 186. -f disguise v.
RL 1818. + enterprise s. RL 186. -f eyes s. RL
1818; S 55.13.
cries s. [krijz] : eyes s. RL 165, 445, 1459; S 29.3.
4- lies v. ("rests") RL 445. + surprise v. RL 165.
1 new fired. 2 tyred. 3 dejie thee.
156 [ij]- RIMES. [III.
cries v. [krijz] : enemies s. RL 677. + lies v. ("rests")
RL 1751. 4- tyrannise v. RL 677.
despise v. [de'spijz] : arise v. RL 187. -f enterprise
s. ib. 4- eyes s. S 141. 3, 1 149. 10. l
destinies s. [destinijz] : infirmities s. VA 733.
devise v. [de'vijz] : eyes s. S 83. 14.
dies v. [dijz] : eyes s. RL 1652. -f lies s. VA 803. -f
— v. ("rests") RL 508, 1485. + skies s. RL 508.
disguise v. [dis'gijz] : arise v. RL 1815. -f eyes s. ib.
enemies s. [enemijz] : cries v. RL 674. -f eyes s. RL
1470. 4- injuries s. S 139. 10. -f tyrannise v.
RL 674.
enterprise s. [enterprijz] : «*7S£ v. RL 184. 4 despise
v. ib.
<?jy&s s. [ijz] : arise v. RL 1817 ;2 S 55. 14. 2 -\- cries
s. RL 163, 446, 1457; S 29. 1. + despise v. S
141. 1, 149. 12. 4- devise v. S 83. 13. -f dies v.
RL 1651. + disguise v. RL 1817. 2 -f enemies
s. RL 1469. + flies v. RL 1213. 2 + forgeries
s. RL 459. + £ms£ s. VA 1179.2 + hies v. RL
1213. 2 + infamies s. RL 637. 4- /fcs s. LC 50. 2
_j_ _ v. ("rests") VA 70, 120, 1127; RL 254,
392, &c. (5); S 1.5, 2.7, &c. (5); LC 290. 2 +
— v. ("speaks falsely") S 17.5, 153. 14. 8 +
prophecies s. S 106.11. + rise s. PP 15. 196. 2
H v. RL 254. 4- secrecies s. RL 99.2 -f sptes
s. S 121. 5. H v. RL 1088. + suffice v. RL
1680; PP5 (from LL 4. 2). 61. 2 -f surmise s. RL 84.
4- surprise v. VA 1050;2 RL 163. 4- w^ a.
RL 1548.
y7/£S v. [flijz] : eyes s. RL 1216. 4- hies v. ib. -f spies
v. VA 1027.
forgeries s. [ford^erijz] : eyes s. RL 460. -f lies v.
("rests") ib. -\ v. ("speaks falsely") PP 1
(= S 138). 4.
guise s. [cjijz] •' eyes s- VA 1177.
hies v. [hijz] : eyes s. RL 1215. -\-flies v. ib. 4 skies
s. VA 1189.
1 dispise. 2 eiVs. 3 eye (misprint).
i2i.] RIMES IN [ijz]. 157
infamies s. [infsemijz] : eyes s. RL 636.
infirmities s. [in'firmitijz] : destinies s. VA 735.
injuries s. [ind;iurijz] : enemies s. S 139. 12.
lies s. [lijz] : <fe> v. VA 804. + eyes s. LC 52.
— v. ("rests") — : cries s. RL 443. H -- v. RL 1753.
+ dies v. RL 509, 1487. + eyes s. VA 68, l 119,1
1128; RL 256, 391, &c. (5); S 1. 7, 2. 5, &c. (5);1
LC 288. + forgeries s. RL 457. + prise s. RL
280. + rise v. RL 256. + skies s. RL 509. -f
spies v. RL 318.
— v. ("speaks falsely") — : eyes s. S 17. 7, 153. 13. +
forgeries s. PP 1 (== S 138). 2. + subtilties s.
S 138. 2. *
maladies s. [maelsedijz] : qualities s. VA 745.
. [
moralise v. [moraelijz] : r/s£ v. VA 712.
prise s. [prijz] : //£S v. ("rests") RL 279. 2
prodigies s. [prodidpjz] : prophecies s. VA 926.
prophecies s. [profesijzl : £j><?s .s. S 106. 9. 3 + prodigies
s. VA 928.
qualities s. [kwselitijz] : maladies s. VA 747.
replies v. [re'plijz] : 5^/^5 s. VA 695.
rise s. [rijz] : eyes s. PP 15. 194.
. v. — : eyes s. RL 257. + lies v. ("rests") ib. +
moralise v. VA 710.
secrecies s. [seikresijz] : eyes s. RL 101.
skies s. [skijz] : dies v. RL 506. + hies v. VA 1191.
+ lies v. ("rests") RL 506. + replies v. VA 696.
spies s. [spijz] : eyes s. S 121.7.
— v. —:eyes s. RL 1086. + flies v. VA 1029. +
lies v. ("rests") RL 316.
subtilties s. [subtiltijz] : lies v. ("speaks falsely") S 138. 4.
suffice v. [su'fijz] : eyes s. RL 1679; PP 5. (from LL
4. 2). 63.
surmise s. [sur'mijz] : eyes s. RL 83.
surprise v. [sur'prijz] : eras s. RL 166. + eyes s. VA
1049; RL 166.
tyrannise v. [tirgenijz] : cries v. RL 676. -f enemies
s. ib.
; and twice more, S. 2 £tt'sff. 8 prophesies.
158 [iu] -RIMES. [IV.
wise a. [wijz] : eyes s. RL 1550. + II paradise s. PP 3
(from LL 4. 3). 41.
122. Rimes in [ijzii]].
arising p. [ge'rijzii)] -.despising p. S 29. 11.
despising p. [de'spijzii)] : arising p. S 29. 9.
123. Rimes in [ijzd].
anatomised pp. [aen'astomijzd] : disguised pp. RL 1450. l
disguised pp. [dis'gijzd] : anatomised pp. RL 1452. 2
despised pp. [de'spijzd] : sufficed pp. S 37. 9. 3
devised pp. [deVijzd] : sympathised pp. S 82. 9. 4
sufficed pp. [su'fijzd] : despised pp. S 37. II.5 -f- 5>>;w
pathized pp. RL 1H2.6
sympathised pp. [simpaeeijzd] : devised pp. S 82. II.7
-f sufficed pp. RL 1113.8
124. Rimes in [ijs].
advice s. [aed'vijs] : itttfc? v. RL 1409. + nice a. ib.
entice v. [in'tijs] : advice s. RL 141 1.9 -f- nice a. ib. 9
+ f^ s. PP 21. 416. 9
nice a. [nijs] : advice s. RL 1412. + entice v. ib.
paradise s. [pseraedijsl : II wise a. PP 3 (from LL 4. 3).
42.io
fwctf s. [vijs] : entice v. PP 21. 415.
125. Rime in [ijk].
strike v. [strijk] : || might s. PP 19. 300.
126. Rimes in [ijkni].
liking g. [lijkiij] : striking g. VA 248. -\ p. RL 434
striking g. [strijkig] : liking g. VA 250.
- p. — : liking g. RL 433.
127. Rime in [ijklij].
unlikely a. [unlijklij] : || quickly av. VA 989.
1 anathomis'd. 2 disgui&d. 3 dispis'd,
4 deuisde. B sufficed. 6 suffiz'd. 7 simpa-
thisde. 8 simpathisfd. 9 Mice. 10 Paradise
128.] RIMES IN [iu]. 159
IV. [iu]- RIMES.
128. Rimes in [iu].
adieu av. [ae'diu] : you pn. VA 537 ; l S 57. 8. 2
anew av. [se'niu] : hue s. S 82. 7. + true a. S 119. 11 ;
PP 19. 332. 8
blue a. [b\m]:knew pt. RL 407. 4
crew s. [kriu] : £/r£Z0 pt. RL 1731. + threw pt. ib.
due s. [diu] : review v. S 74. 7. -f wVw v. S 69. 3. 5
v. [in'siu] : view s. RL 1263. 6
pt. [driu] : crew s. RL 1734. + flew pt. LC 61.
+ knew pt. VA 541; LC 61. -f slew pt. RL
1520. -f threw pt. RL 1734; LC 36.
Jlew pt. [fliu] : drew pt. LC 60. + knew pt. ib.
grew pt. [griu] : /«/£ s. S 98. 8. + untrue a. LC 171.
-f you pn. S 84. 4, 86. 4.
s. [hiu] : anew av. S 82. 5. 1 + #ra» pt. S 98. 6.7
+ ^W£> a. S 67. 6. 7 -f view v. VA 345. 7
pt. [kniu] : blue a. RL 409. + drew pt. VA 543;
LC 58. +flew pt. LC 58.
new a. [niu] : wVw s. S 27.12, 110.4.
_ av. — : true a. S 68. 12, 93. 3. + view s. S 56. 10.
+ you pn. S 15. 14, 53.8, 76. 11.
review v. [re'viu] : due s. S 74. 5. 8
slew pt. [sliu] : drew pt. RL 1522.
subdue v. [sub'diu] : true a. LC 248. 9
threw pt. [6riu] : crew s. RL 1733. -f ^w pt. ib. ;
LC 38. + you pn. S 145. 13.
true a. [trm]:anew av. S 119.9; PP 19.330. -f hue
s. S 67.8. +.new av. S 68. 10, 93. 1. -f subdue
v. LC 246. + view s. S 148. 9. + — v. RL 455. 10
+ you pn. S 85. 9, 114. 3, 118. 13.
untrue a. [un'triu] : grew pt. LC 169. + you pn. S
72. 10, 113. 14.
1 adue. 2 adieue. 3 a new. 4 blew.
" end (misprint). 6 insue. 7 /z^w. 8 reuew.
9 subdewe. 10
160 [m] -RIMES. [IV.
view s. [viu] : ensue v. RL 1261. -f new a. S 27. 10.
HO. 2. + — av. S 56. 12. + true a. S 148. 11. +
withdrew pt. VA 1031.
— v. — : *due s. S 69. 1. + hue s. VA 343. + true
a. RL 454.
withdrew pt. [wiG'driu] : view s. VA 1032.
you pn. [iu] : adieu av. VA 535 ; S 57. 6. -f- grew pt.
S 84. 2, 86. 2. + raw av. S 15. 13, 53. 6, 76. 9.
-f threw pt. S 145. 14. + true a. S 85. 11, 114. 1,
118. 14. + untrue a. S 72. 12, 113. 13.
129. Rimes in [iuir,|.
ensuing p. [in'siuiij] : viewing g. VA 1078. :
suing g. [siuiij] : || wooing g. VA 356.
viewing g. [viuig] : ensuing p. VA 1076.
130. Rimes in [iuel].
cruel a. [kriuel] -.fuel s. S 1. 8. 2 + jewel s. S 131. 2. 2
/«*/ s. [fiuel] : cruel a. S 1. 6.3
jewel s. [d;iuel] : cruel a. S 131.4. 4
131. Rimes in [iuestj.
renewest v. [re'niuest] : viewest v. S 3. 3.
viewest v. [viuest] : renewest v. S 3. 1.5
132. Rimes in [him].
fume s. [Hum]: plume s. VA 316.
plume s. [plium] :/wm£ s. VA 314.
133. Rimes in [iumz].
consumes v. [kon'siumz] -.fumes v. RL 1042.
fumes v. [fiumz] : consumes v. RL 1043.
134. Rimes in [hid],
renew 'd pp. [re'niud] : subdued pp. S 111.8.6
subdued pp. [sub'diud] : renew' d pp. S 111.6.7
1 insuing. 2 cruell. 3 fewell. * lewell.
5 vewest. 6 renu'de. 7 subdu'd.
135-139-] RIMES IN put], [iuti], [iutiz], [iu(,)r], [hired], &c. 161
135. Rimes in [iut].
absolute a. [aebsoliut] : pollute v. RL 853.
fruit s. [friut] : mute a. S 97. 10. x + pollutes. RL 1064.1
'impute v. [im'piut] : mute a. S 83. 9.
mute a. [miut] : fruit s. S 97. 12. -f impute v. S 83. 11.
+ sw# s. VA 208, 335.
pollute v. [po'liut] : absolute a. RL 854. + fruit s. RL
1063.
suit s. [siut] : mute a. VA 206, 2 336. 2
136. Rime in [iuti].
duty s. [diuti] : || beauty s. VA 168; RL 497. 3
137. Rime in [iutiz].
duties s. [diutiz] : || beauties s. RL 14. 4
138. Rimes in [iu(,)r].
cure s. [kiu(,)r] : endure v. VA 505; S 153.8.
endure v. [in'diu(,)r] : cure s. VA 507; S 153.6.* -f
pure a. RL 1659.
pure a. [piu(,)r] : endure v. RL 1658.
139. Rimes in [iuredj, [iu(,)rd].
assured pp. [ae'siured], [-iu(,)rd] : cured pp. S 118. 10. -f
endured pp. S 107. 7. 6 -f recured pp. S 45. 11.
cured pt. [kiured], [-iu(,)rd] : endured pp. RL 1581.
— pp. — -.assured pp. S 118. 12.
endured pp. fin'diured] [-iu(,)rd] : assured pp. S 107. 5. T
+ cured pt. RL 1582.
*immuredpp. [i'miured],[-iu(,)rd] :*procuredpp.LC 25 1.8
^procured pp. [pro'kiured] , [-iu(,)rd] : *immured pp.
LC 252. 9
recured pp. [re'kiured], [-iu(,)rd] : assured pp. S 45. 9.
1 fruite. 2 sute. 3 duety. * dueties.
6 indure. 6 assur'de. 7 indur'de. 8 enur'd (misprint).
9 procure (misprint).
Victor, Shakespeare's Pronunciation. I. 11
162 [iu]- RIMES. [IV.
140. Rime in |'iu(,)r mi:].
cure me v. & pn. ['kiu(,)r mil] : || assure ye v. & pn.
S 111. 14.1
141. Rimes in [ iu(,)r di:].
assure thee v. & pn. [se'siuQr di:l : cure thee v. & pn.
VA 371.
cure thee v. & pn. ['kiu(,)r dir] : assure thee v. & pn.
VA 372.
142. Rime in |'iu(,)r JM-
assure ye v. & pn. lae'siu(.)r jir] : II cure me v. & pn.
S 111. 13. 2
143. Rimes in [iuo|.
ruth s. [riue] : youth s. PP 9. 127.
truth s. [triue] : youth s. S 37.4, 41.12, &c. (6); LC
105; PP 1 (= S 138). 1.
youth s. [jiue] : ruth s. PP 9. 125. + truth s. S 37. 2,
41. 10, &c. (6); LC 104; PP 1 (== S 138). 3.
144. Rimes in [iuz].
abuse v. (se'biuz] : use v. S 4. 5.
ensues v. [in'siuz] : renews v. RL 1 104. 3 -f views v. ib.3
muse s. [miuzl : || use s. S 78. 1.4 + — v. S 21. 1,4
82. I.4
renews v. [re'niuz] : ensues v. RL 1103.5 + views
v. ib.5
use v. [iuz] : abuse v. S 4. 7. + muse s. S 21. 3, 82. 3.
views v. [viuz] : ensues v. RL 1101.6 -f renews v. ib.3
145. Rimes in [iuzTon], [iuziun].
conclusion s. [kon'kliuzion], [-tun] : confusion s. RL
1160. -f \\pollution s. ib.
1 cure mee. 2 assure yee. 3 insewes. 4 Muse.
5 renewes. 6 vewes.
146-152.] RIMES IN ['iuz it], [iuz(e)d], [iuzest], &c. 163
confusion s. [kon'fiuzion], [-Tun] : conclusion s. RL 1159.
-j- pollution s. ib.
146. Rimes in ['iuz it].
abuse it v. & pn. [ae'biuz it] : use it v. & pn. RL 864.
use it v. & pn. [iuz it] : abuse it v. & pn. RL 862.
147. Rimes in [iuz(e)d].
abused pp. [aeb'iuz(e)d] -.perused pt. RL 1529. * -f
used pp. S 82. 14. *
perused pt. [per'iuz(e)d] : abused pp. RL 1527. *
used pp. [iuz(e)d] : abused pp. S 82. 13.8
148. Rimes in [iuzest].
refusest v. [re'fiuzest] : usest v. S 40. 8.
usest v. [iuzest] : refusest v. S 40. 6.
149. Rime in ['iuz mi:].
abuse me v. & pn. [aeb'iuz mi:] : || excuse ye v. &
pn. S 42. 7.
150. Rimes in ['iuz di:].
accuse thee v. & pn. [ae'kiuz di:] : misuse thee v. &
pn. S 152. 5.
misuse thee v. & pn. [mis'iuz di:] : accuse thee v. &
pn. S 152. 7.
151. Rime in ['iuz ji:].
excuse ye v. & pn. [eks'kiuz ji:J : || abuse me v. & pn.
S 42.5.*
152. Rimes in [ius].
abuse s. [geb'ius] : excuse s. VA 792; RL 1315, 1655.
+ use s. VA 166; S 134.12.
excuse s. [eks'kius] : abuse s. VA 791 ; RL 1316, 1653.
-f use s. S 2. 11.
1 abus'd. 2 perus'd. 8 vs'd. 4 yee.
11*
164 [iu]-RixMES. [IV.
juice s. [d^ius] : || voice s. VA 136. l
use s. [ins] -.abuse s. VA 164; S 134.10. + excuse
s. S 2. 9. -f |! muse s. S 78. 3.
153. Rimes in [fusion], [iusmnj.
absolution s. [aebso'liusion], [-Tun] : dissolution s. RL
354. -f resolution s. ib.
dissolution s. [diso'liusion] , [-Tun] : absolution s. RL
355. -f- resolution s. ib.
pollution s. [po'liusion] , [-Tun] : || conclusion s. RL
1157.2 + || confusion s. ib.2
resolution s. [rezo'liusion], [-Tun] : absolution s. RL352.3
-f dissolution s. ib.8
154. Rimes in [iusez],
abuses s. [seb'iusez] : excuses s. RL 269, 1075. +
sluices s. ib.
excuses s. [eks'kiusez] : abuses s. RL 267, 1073. +
sluices s. ib.
sluices s. [sliusez] : abuses s. RL 1076. 4 -f
V. [e:]- RIMES.
155. Rimes in [e:].
plea s. [pie:] : sea s. S 65. 3.
sea s. [sei]:plea s. S 65. 1.
156. Rimes in [eip].
leap s. [le;p]:ra*/? v. S 128. 5. 5
v. [re:p]:leap s. S 128. 7. 6
1 iuyce. 2 pollusion. z lu is in resolution the
fourth, in the other [words the fifth metrically accented
syllable in the verse. 4 sluces. 6 fed#>£. 6 reape.
157-164.] RIMES IN [e:ps], [e:m], [e:v], [e:v(e)d], &c. 165
157. Rime in |e(:)ps].
leaps v. [le(:)ps] : steps s. VA 279.
158: Rimes in [e:m].
dream s. [dreim] : extreme a. S 129. 12. 1 -f stream
s. RL 1772. i
extreme a. [eks'treim] : dream s. S 129. 10. 2
stream s. [streim] : dream s. RL 1774. 8 -f theme s.
VA 772. 8
theme s. [6e:m] : stream s. VA 770. 4
159. Rimes in [e:v].
deceive v. [de'seiv] : leave s. S 39. 12. + - - v. S 4. 10.5
leave s. [leiv] : deceive v. S 39. 10.
— v. — : deceive v. S 4. 12. -f receive v. LC 239.
receive v. [re'seiv] : leave v. LC 241.
160. Rimes in [e:v(e)d].
deceived pp. [de'se:v(e)d] -.perceived pp. S 104. 12. 6
perceived pp. [per'se:v(e)d] : deceived pp. S 104. 10. 7
161. Rimes in [eiver],
fever s. [feiver] : never av. S 119.8.
never av. [ne(:)ver] -.fever s. S 119.6.
162. Rime in [eiveo],
upheaveth v. [up'heiveO] : || relieveth v. VA 482.
163. Rimes in [e:vest].
deceivest v. [de'seivest] : receivest v. S 40. 7. 8
receivest v. [re'seivest] : deceivest v. S 40. 5.
164. Rimes in ['e:v mi:].
deceive me v. & pn. [de'seiv mi:] : || heave thee v. &
pn. RL 585. + leave me ib.
1 dreame. 2 extreame. 8 streame. * theame.
6 deceaue. 6 deceaued. 7 perceiti'd. 8 deceauest.
166 [e:]- RIMES. [V.
leave me v. & pn. [le:v mi:] : deceive me v. & pn.
RL 583. -f || heave thce v. & pn. ib.
165. Rimes in [e:v,n].
even s. [e:v,n] : heaven s. VA 495; S 28. 12, l 132. 7.2
heaven s. [he(:)v,n] : even s. VA 493; S 28. 10, 132. 5.a
166. Rime in ['e:v di:].
heave thee v. & pn. ['he:v di:] : || deceive me v. & pn.
RL 586. -f || leave me v. & pn. ib.
167. Rimes in [e:vz].
bereaves v. [bi're:vz] : leaves s. VA 797.
deceives v. [de'se:vz] : leaves v. LC 306. -f- receives
v. ib.
leaves s. [le:vz] : bereaves v. VA 798. -f sheaves s.
S 12.5.
— v. — : deceives v. LC 305. + receives v. ib.
receives v. [re'se:vz] : deceives v. LC 303. -j- leaves
v. ib.
sheaves s. [Je:vz] : leaves s. S 12. 7.
168. Rimes in |e:d|.
dread s. [dre(:)d] : bed s. RL 171. 4 + mead s. VA
635.
mead s. [me:d] : dread s. VA 636.
o'erread v. [o:r're:d], [-ri:d] : || dead a. S 81. 10. 5
169. Rimes in [e:dee].
dreadeth v. [dre:dee] : leadeth v. RL 270. -f pleadeth
v. ib.
leadeth v. [Ie:de6] : dreadeth v. RL 271. + pleadeth
v. ib.
pleadeth v. [ple:de6] : dreadeth v. RL 268. -f leadeth
v. ib.
1 eauen. a Eauen. 3 Heauen. 4 dred.
* ore-read.
170-177-] RIMES IN [e:t], [eitiur], [cited], [e(:)ter], &c. 167
170. Rimes in |e:t|.
defeat v. [de'fe:t] : great a. S 61. 11.
great a. [gre(:)t] : defeat v. S 61. 9. -f get v. RL 876.
-f seat s. RL 69.
heat s. [he(:)t] : get v. VA 91. + sweat v. VA 177.1
seat s. [seit] : great a. RL 70.
sweat v. [swe:t] : heat s. VA 175. 2
171. Rimes in |e:tiurj.
creature s. [kreitiur]: feature s. S 113.10.
defeature s. [de'feitiur] : || nature s. VA 736.
feature s. [feitiur] : creature s. S 113.12.
172. Rime in [cited].
defeated pt. [de'feited] : || created pp. S 20. 11.
173. Rime in [e(:)ter].
greater cp. [gre(:)ter] : better cp. S 1 19. 12.
174. Rime in [e:ts].
entreats v. [in'trerts] : \\frets v. VA 75. 3
175. Rime in [eitft].
impleach'd pp. [im'pleitjt] : || beseech' d pp. LC 205. 4
+ || enrich' d pp. ib. 4
176. Rime in ['e:tf di:].
teach thee v. & pn. fteitf di:l : 11 beseech thee v. & pn.
VA 406.
177. Rimes in [e:n],
lean a. [\e:n]:mean v. VA 93 1.5
— v. — : mean v. VA 125. 5
mean v. [mem] : lean a. VA 933. 6 -f — v. VA 126.«
1 he ate. z sweat e. 3 intreats. * empleacht.
6 leane. 6 meane.
168 [e:]- RIMES. [V.
scene s. [se:n] : threne s. PT 52. l
threne s. [6re:n] : scene s. PT 49. 2
178. Rimes in [eil],
appeal v. [ae'peil] : repeal s. RL 638. 3
s. [de:l] : || knell s. PP 18. 271. 4
s. [re'peil] : appeal v. RL 640. 5
179. Rimes in [eilee].
healeth v. [heilee] : stealeth v. RL 731.
stealeth v. [steilee] : healeth v. RL 729.
180. Rimes in [e:r], [i:(,)r].
appear v. [ae'peir], [ae'piiQr] : bear v. S 80. 8. 6 -f dear
a. LC 93. 6 + fear s. RL 116,6 1434. 6 -f pioneer
(i. e. pyoner] s. RL 1382. 6 -f- te«r s. S 31. 7. 6
+ /#m» av. RL 116.6 -h w^«^ v. LC 93. 6 + were
pt. RL 633. 6 -f where av. S 102. 2. 6 -f year s.
S 53. II.6
bear v. [be:r] : appear v. S 80. 6. 7 -f dte#r a. RL
1292. 7 + ear s. RL 132 V 1419 ;7 S 8.8.7 -f
fear s. RL 612. 7 -f hair (heare) s. RL 1132.7
+ hear v. RL 1327. 7 + here av. RL 1292, 7
1474; 7 LC 53. 7 + swear v. RL 1419; 7 S 131. II.7
-h tear s. RL 1132. 7 H -- v. RL 1474; 7 LC 53.7
+ wear v. VA 165 ;7 S 77. 3. 7 -f were pt. S
13. 8. 7
cheer s. [tje:r], [tfi:(,)r] if ear s. RL 264. 8 H -- v.
RL 89. 8 + hear v. RL 264. 8 + near a. S 97. 13.9
+ worshipper s. RL 89. 8
d*ar a. [kleir], [kli:(,)r] : where av. S 84. 10. 10
dear a. [de:r], [di:(,)r] : appear v. LC 96. n -f- bear v.
RL 1293. 12 +/«*r v. S 48. 14. » + /^r^ av. RL
1293. 12 + ^^r^ av. S 110. 3. " + wear v. LC 96.11
1 Scene. 2 Threne (in italics). 3 appeale.
4 deale. 5 repeale. ° appear e. 7 &^«?^. 8 cheare.
9 cheer e. 10 cleere. n deare. 12 Deare.
i8o.] RIMES IN [err], [i:(,)r]. 169
deer s. [deir], [dii(,)r] : here av. VA 231. l + fear s.
VA 689. l
ear (the organ of hearing) s. [err] : bear v. RL 1325,2
1416 ;2 S 8.6.2 + fear s. VA 889, 2 1023;2 RL
283.2 + — v. VA 659 ;2 PP 19. 349. 3 + hair
(heare] s. VA 145. 2 + hear v. VA 698 ;2 RL
1325. 2 + swear v. RL 1416. 2 + there av. VA
779 ;2 PP 4.47,4 19. 326. 2 •
elsewhere av. [els'hweir] : near a. S 61. 13.
fear s. [fair]: appear v. RL 117,5 1435. 5 + bear v.
RL 610. 5 + cheer s. RL 261. 5 + deer s. VA
690. 5 + ear s. VA 891, 5 1021X;5 RL 281. 5 +
hear v. RL 261. 5 + severe a. VA 998, 5 1153.5
-f- swear v. RL 1647. 5 -f tear v. RL 740. 5 -f
there av. VA 320;5RL 117,5 308,5 740, 5 1647.5
v. ---.cheer s. RL 88. 5 -f dear a. S 48. 13.5 +
ear s. VA 660 ;6 PP 19. 347. 5 -f wear v. VA
1083. 5 + worshipper s. RL 88. 5
forbear v. [for'beir] : there av. S 41.9. 6
hair (l) (i. e. heare} s. [heir] : bear v. RL 1129.7 +
ear s. VA 147. 7 + tear s. RL 1129.7 V For
(II) see rimes in [aei(,)r].j
hear v. [heir] : bear v. RL 1328. 7 + cheer s. RL 263.7
-f ear s. VA 700; 7 RL 1328. 7 + fear s. RL 263.7
here av. [heir], [hii(,)r] : bear v. RL 1290, 7 1475;
LC 54. 7 + dear a. RL 1290. 7 -f deer s. VA 229.
-f- tear s. LC 292. 7 + — v. RL 1475; LC 54.T
-f- uprear v. S 49. 9. -f wear v. LC 292. 7
near a. [neir], [ni:(,)r] : cheer s. S 97. 14. 8 -f- elsewhere
av. S 61. 14. + harbinger s. PT 8.8 -f wer* pt.
S 140. 7. 8
— av. — ithere av. S 136. I.8
severe a. [se Veir] if ear s. VA 1000, 9 1155.10
spear s. [speir] : /»er* av. VA 1112;11 RL 1424. ll
1 deare. '- ^ar^. 3 are (misprint). 4 eares (misprint).
feare. * forbeare. 7 heare. 8 neere.
9 feuere (misprint). 10 seueare. n speare.
170 [e:]- RIMES. [V.
swear v. [swe:r] : bear v. RL 1418 ;* S 131. 9. x +
ear s. RL 1418. 1 + fear s. RL 1650. l -f there
av. ib. l + were pt. PP 17 (from LL 4. 3). 24L1
tow- s. [teir], [ti:(,)r] : appear v. S 31. 5. 2 + bear v.
RL 1131.2 -f toy (heare) s. ib. 2 -f /zm? av.
LC 289. 2 -f there av. RL 1375. 2 + wear v. LC
289.2
- v. [te:r] : bear v. RL 1472; 2 LC 51. 2 + fear s. RL
739.2 + here av. RL 1472; 2 LC 51. 2 -f there
av. RL 739.2
there av. [deir] : appear v. RL 114. -f flfeflr a. S 110. 1.
+ ear s. VA 780; PP 4.49, 19.324. -{-fear s.
VA 322; RL 114, 307, 737, 1649. -{-forbear v.
S41. 11. + nearav.S 136. 3. + spears. VA 1114;
RL 1422. -f swear v. RL 1649. -f tear s. RL
1373. H -- v. RL 737. + where av. S 5.6, 100. 10.
uprear v. [up'reir] -.here av. S 49. II.3
wear v. [we:r] : appear v. LC 95. 4 + #<?# r v. VA
163; 5 S 77. I.4 + dear a. LC 95.4 + fear v.
VA 1081. 5 -f here av. LC 291. 8 -f- tear s. ib.5
-f year s. VA 506. 5
were pt. — : appear v. RL 631. -f- bear v. S 13. 6. 4-
w^r a. S 140. 5. 5 + s-^fl/' v. PP 17 (from LL
4. 3). 242.
where av. [hweir] : appear v. S 102. 4. -f clear a. S
84. 12. + #*m? av. S 5. 8, 100. 12. -f year s. S 97. 4.
year s. [je:r], [ji:(,)r] : appear v. S 53. 9. 6 -f w^ar v.
VA 508. 6 + where av. S 97. 2. 6
181. Rimes in ['e:r it].
bear it v. & pn. ['beir it] : were it pt. & pn. RL 1158.7
were it pt. & pn. fwe:r it] : bear it v. & pn. RL 1156.
182. Rimes in [eirii)].
bearing g. [beirin] : hearing g. VA 430. + swearing'
p. S 152. 4.
sweare. 2 fea?'*?. 3 vpreare. 4 were.
5 weare. 6 yeare. ' beare it.
183-187.] RIMES IN [e:rer], [iirerj, ['err him], &c. 171
fearing p. [feiriij] : swearing p. PP 7. 94.
hearing g. [heiriij] : bearing g. VA 428.
swearing p. [sweirii}] : bearing g. S 152. 2. + fearing
p. PP 7. 92.
183. Rimes in [eirer], [iirer],
clearer cp. [kleirer], [kliirer] : dearer cp. S 115. 4. x
dearer cp. [deirer], [diirer] : clearer cp. S 115. 2. 2 -f
nearer cp. RL 1163.
nearer cp. [neirer], [niirer] : dearer cp. RL 1165.
184. Rimes in ['e:r him].
fear him v. & pn. ['feir him] : hear him v. & pn.
VA 1094.
hear him v. & pn. ['heir him] : fear him v. & pn.
VA 1096.8
185. Rimes in ['eir her], ['i:(,)r her].
bear her v. & pn. ['beir her] : clear her v. & pn. RL
1321. -}- hear her v. & pn. ib.
clear her v. & pn. ['kleir her], ['kli:(,)r her] : bear her
v. & pn. RL 1320.* + hear her v. & pn. ib.4
hear her v. & pn. ['heir her] : bear her v. & pn. RL
1318. 5 -j- clear her v. & pn. ib.5
186. Rimes in [eirli(j)], p:(,)rli(j)].
dearly av. [deirli(j)], [diiQrli(j)] : nearly av. S 42. 2. •
nearly av. [neirli(j)], [niiQrli(j)] : dearly av. S 42. 4. 7
187. Rimes in ['eir dii], ['ii(,)r di:].
bear thee v. & pn. ['beir dii] : hear thee v. & pn. RL
670. 8 + tear thee v. & pn. ib.8
•\cheer thee v. & pn. [tfeir di:], [tjii(,)r dii] : hear thee
v. & pn. PP 21. 394. »
1 cleerer. 4 deerer. 3 heare him. * cleare
her. 5 heare her. 6 deerely. , 7 neerely.
8 beare thee. 9 cheere thee.
172 [e:]- RIMES. [V.
hear thee v. .& pn. ['heir dli] : bear thee v. & pn. RL
667. ! + -frfcw thee v. & pn. PP 21. 393. * +
te«r #te£ v. & pn. RL 667. l
tear thee v. & pn. ['te:r di:] : bear thee v. & pn. RL
669. 2 -f hear thee v. & pn. ib. 2
188. Rimes in [eirz], [i:(,)rz],
appears v. [ae'peirz], [ae'pi:(,)rz] if ears s. RL 458 ;3
LC 299.8 + tears s. VA 1176;8 LC 299. 3
bears v. [beirz] : characters s. LC 19.4 + clears v.
RL 1712. 4 -f fears s. LC 272. 4 -f tears s. RL
1712;4 LC 19. 4
clears v. [kleirz], [kliiQrz] : bears v. RL 1710. 5 +
tearrs s. ib.;5 S 148. 12. 6
ears s. [e:rz] : tears s. RL 1126.7
fears s. [ferrz] : appears v. RL 456 ;8 LC 298.8 -f
bears v. LC 273. 8 + tears s. S 119. 3;8 LC 298.8
forbears v. [for'beirz] : years s. VA 526. 9
y/a/Vs (i. e. heares) s. [heirzl : tears s. VA 51, 10 191.10
swears v. [sweirz] : tears s. VA 80. n
/^^•s s. [teirz], [ti:(,)rz] : appears v. VA 1176;12 LC
296. 12 -f &^«r5 v. RL 1713; LC 18. 12 + characters
s. ib.12 -f clears v. RL 1713; S 148. 10. 12 -f- ears
s. RL 1127. 12 -f fears s. S 119. 1 ; " LC 296. 12 +
//a/Vs (heares) s. VA 49, 12 192. 12 -f- swears v.
VA 82. 12 + w^«r5 v. RL 682. 12 -f years s. VA
1092. 12
wears v. [weirz] : /^ar5 s. RL 680. 13
years s. [jerrz], [ji:(,)rz] -.forbears v. VA 524. 14 -f-
tears s. VA 1091. 14
189. Rime in [eid].
bequeath v. [bi'kweid] : || breath s. RL 1181. + || death
s. ib.
1 heare thee. 2 leave thee. 3 appeares. * beares.
5 clear es. 6 cleeres. 7 eares. 8 feares.
9 forbear es. 10 heares. n swear es. Ja t eares.
13 weares. u yeares.
190-194-] RIMES IN [e:d(e)d], [eider], [e(:)0], [e:z],&c. 173
190. Rimes in [e:d(e)d].
bequeathed pt. [bi'kwe:d(e)d] : breathed pt. RL 1727. -f
unsheathed pt. ib.
breathed pt. [bre:d(e)d] : bequeathed pt. RL 1726. -j-
unsheathed pt. ib.
unsheathed pt. [un'Jed(e)d] : bequeathed pt. RL 1724. +
breathed pt. ib.
191. Rimes in [eider].
neither pn. [neider] : II together av. PT 43. -f || whether
pn. PP 7. 102.
192. Rimes in [e(i)6].
breath s. [bre(i)0] : \\bequeath v. RL 1180. + death
s. VA 414, 510, &c. (5); RL 400, 1040, 1180,
1777; S 99.11; PP 17 (from LL 4. 3). 234. +
vanisheth v. RL 1040.
death s. [de(:)e] : || bequeath v. RL 1178. + breath
s. VA 413, 509, &c. (5); RL 402, 1038, 1178,
1778; S 99.13; PP 17 (from LL 4. 3). 233. -f
vanisheth v. RL 1038.
193. Rimes in [eiz].
disease s. [diz'eiz] : please v. S 147.2.
please v. [pleiz] : disease s. S 147. 4.
194. Rimes in [e(i)ziurj.
leisure s. [le(i)ziur] : pleasure s. S 58. 4.
measure s. [me(i)ziur] -.pleasure s. S 91.7.
pleasure s. [ple(i)ziur] : leisure s. S 58. 2. -f measure
s. S 91.5. + ^seizure s. PP 11. 154. + treasure
s. S 20. 13, 52. 4, 75. 8. 126. 9.
•\seisure s. [seiziur] -.pleasure s. PP 11. 152.
treasure s. [tre(:)ziur] : pleasure s. S 20.13, 52.2,
75.6, 126. 10. 1
1 tresure.
174 [e:]- RIMES. [V.
195. Rimes in [e(:)ziurz].
measures s. [me(:)ziurz] : treasures s. VA 1148.
treasures s. [tre(:)ziurz] : measures s. VA 1150.
196. Rimes in [e:z,n].
reason s. [re:z,n] : season s. RL 880. -f treason s. VA
727; RL 880; S 151.8.
season s. [se:z?n] : reason s. RL 879. -f treason s. ib.
treason s. [tre:z,n] : reason s. VA 729; RL 877; S
151.6. -f season s. RL 877.
197. Rimes in [eis],
tease v. [seis] : increase s. S. 11.7.
decease s. [de'seisl : increase s. S 97. 8. -f lease s.
S 13. 7.
— v. — : increase s. S 1.3.
decrease v. [de'kreis] : increase v. S 15. 7.
increase s. [in'kreis] : cease v. S 1 1 . 5. -f decease s.
S 97.6. -f — v. S 1.1.
— v. — : decrease v. S 15. 5.
lease s. [le:s] : decease s. S 13. 5. -\- \\ excess s. S 146. 5.
198. Rimes in [eisiij]
increasing p. [in'kreisiij] : releasing g. VA 254.
ising g. [re'leisii)] : ina
|| possessing g. S 87. 3.
releasing g. [re'leisii)] : increasing p. VA 256.
. S 87.
199. Rimes in [cist].
beast s. [beist] : || blest pp. VA 326. + \\jestv.VA999.
east s. [e:st] : rest s. ("repose") PP 14. 193. l + || west
s. S 132. 6.1
feast s. [feist] : guest s. VA 450.
— v. — : guest s. S 47. 5.
least sup. [leist] : || possess 'd pp. S 29. 8.
1 East.
,l]. 175
200. Rimes in [e:k].
break v. [breik] : speak v. VA 222; * RL 1270. l 1716 : 1
S 34. 5. 1
speak v. [speik] : break v. VA 221 ; 2 RL 1268, 2 1718 ;2
S 34. 7. 2 + woz& a. VA 1146;2 RL 1648. 2
weak a. [weik] : speak v. VA 1145;8 RL 1646. 3
201. Rimes in [eiks].
breaks v. [breiks] : speaks v. RL 566.
speaks v. [spe:ks] : breaks v. RL 567.
VI. [e]- RIMES.
202. Rimes in [eptj.
crept pp. [krept] : kept pt. RL 839.
except v. [ek'sept] : kept pp. S 147. 8.
kept pt. [kept] : crept pp. RL 840.
- PP- — : except v. S 147. 6.
203. Rime in |eps|.
steps s. [steps] : leaps v. VA 277.
204. Rime in leiniJJ.
blemish s. [blemij] : || replenish v. RL 1358.
205. Rimes in [emb,l].
assemble v. [ae'semb,!] : resemble v. S 114.8.
dissemble v. [di'semb,!] : tremble v. VA 641.
resemble v. [re'zemb,!] : assemble v. S 114.6. -j-
tremble v. RL 1392.
tremble v. [tremb,!] : dissemble v. VA 642. -J- resemble
v. RL 1393.
1 breake. 2 speake. z weake. 4 breakes.
5 speakes.
176 [e]- RIMES. [VI.
206. Rime in [embred].
remember 'd (i. e. rememb'red) pp. [re'membred] :
|| tender' d pt. S 120. 9. *
207. Rime in [einprii)].
tempering (i. e. temp'ring) g. [temprii)] : || venturing
(vent'ring) g. VA 565. *
208. Rimes in [emz].
gems s. [dsemz] : hems v. S 21.6.
hems v. [hemz]:gems s. S 21.8.
209. Rimes in [evelj.
bevel a. [bevel] : level a. S 121. 11.
level a. [level] : bevel a. S 121. 9. 8
210. Rimes in [eft].
bereft pp. [bi'reft] : left pp. RL 835; S 5. 11. + theft
s. RL 835.
left a. [left] : theft s. VA 158.
- pp. — : bereft pp. RL 837 ; S 5. 9. + theft s. RL 837.
theft s. [eeft] : bereft pp. RL 838. + left a. VA 160.
_l pp. RL 838. + || shift s. RL 918.
211. Rimes in ['eft mi:].
bereft me pp. & pn. [bi'reft mi:] : left me pp. & pn.
VA 439.
left me pp. & pn. ['left mi:] : bereft me pp. & pn. VA 441.
212. Rimes in [edj.
astonished pt. [ges'tomfed] : dead a. S 86. 8.
bed s. [bed] : bred pp. RL 938. + dread s. RL 169.
+ fa PP- VA 397- + head s- RL 366> 684> 776>
1619; S 27. 1. + imagined pp. RL 1619. + led
pp. RL 301. -f misled pp. RL 366. -f questioned
1 remembred. 2 tempring.
2i2.] RIMES IN [ed]. 177
pt. RL 120. + red a. VA 108. + shed pt. RL
684. + wed v. PP 19. 345.
bred pt. [bred] : honoured pi. RL 411. -f unconquered
pp. ib.
— pp. —-.bed s. RL 937. + dead a. VA 214; RL
490, 1188; S 108. 13, 112. 13. + dishonoured pp.
RL 1188.
buried pp. [beried] : dead a. S 31. 4. -f spread v.
S 25. 7.
dead a. [ded] : astonished pt. S 86. 6. + bred pp. VA
212; RL 489, 1187; S 108. 14, 112. 14. + buried
pp. S 31.2. + dishonoured pp. RL 1187. + fed
pp. VA 172; RL 1456. +fled pt. PT 22. + —
pp. VA 948; S 71. 1 ; PP 18. 292. + head s. VA
1060; S 68.5. + lead s. VA 1070; fPP 21.395.
+ || o'erread v. S 81. 12. + red a. VA 467. +
remembered pp. S 74. 10. + spread pt. RL 1267.
+ unbred pp. S 104. 14.
determined pp. [de'termined] : impanneled pp. S 46. 11.
disabled pp. [dis'ae:b,led] : strumpeted pp. S 66. 8.
dishonoured pp. [dis'onored], [-nered] : bred pp. RL
1185.1 -f dead a. ib.1
fed pp. [ted] -bed s. VA 399. + dead a. VA 170;
RL 1455. -{-fled pp. VA 795.
fled pt. [fled] : dead a. PT 23.
_ pp. —-.dead a. VA 947; S 71.3; PP 18.291. +
fed pp. VA 793. -f head s. VA 1037; S 148.3.
head s. [bed] : bed s. RL 368, 681, 777, 1621 ; S 27. 3.
+ dead a. VA 1058; S 68.7. + fled pp. VA
1038; S 148. 1. + imagined pp. RL 1427, 1621.
+ misled pp. RL 368. + red a. VA 118; RL
1415; S 130.4. + shed pt. RL 681. + — pp.
VA 666. 2 + unwed pp. PP 19.303.
honoured pt. [onored], [onered] : bred pt. RL 410. 8
,-+ unconquered pp. ib.3
imagined pp. [i'maed^ined] : bed s. RL 1622. + head
s. RL 1428, 1622.
impanneled pp. [im'paeneled] : determined pp. S 46. 9.4
1 dishonored. - hed. 3 honored. * impannelled.
Victor, Shakespeare's Pronunciation. I. 12
178 [e]- RIMES. [VI.
intituled pp, [in'titiuled] : red a. RL 57. !
lead (the metal) s. [le(:)d] : dead a. VA 1072: fPP
21. 396. 2
led pp. — : bed s. RL 300.
misled pp. [misled] : bed s. RL 369. -f head s. ib.
questioned pt. [kwestioned] : bed s. RL 122.
red a. [red] : bed s. VA 107. + dead a. VA 468. +
head s. VA 116; RL 1417; S 130.2. -f intituled
pp. RL 59. + spread pt. VA 901.
remembered pp. [re'membered] : dead a. S 74. 12. 3
shed pt. [Jed] : bed s. RL 683. + head s. ib.
— pp. — : head s. VA 665.
spread v. [spred] : buried pp. S 25. 5.
— pt. —-.dead a. RL 1266. 4 + red a. VA 903. 4
strumpeted pp. [strumpeted] : disabled pp. S 66. 6.
unbred pp. [un'bred] : fifea;/ a. S 104. 13.
unconquered pp. [un'koijkered] : &r£tf pt. RL 408. -f
honoured pt. ib.
unwed pp. [un'wed] : head s. PP 19. 304.
wed v. [wed] : &^ s. PP 19. 346.
213. Rimes in [ed;].
edge s. [ed£] \privilege s. S 95. 14.
privilege s. [priviled;] : edge s. S 95. 13.5
214. Rimes in [et].
beset pp. [bi'set] : cabinet s. RL 444.
cabinet s. [ksebinet] : beset pp. RL 442. 6
carcanet s. [kserkaenet] : set pp. S 52. 8. 7
ife&f s. [det]:fret v. RL 649. 8 + /** s. ib. H -- v.
RL 329. -f set pt. S 83. 4. -f w^ a. VA 84.
counterfeit s. [kuwnterfet] : set v. S 53. 5. 9 -f //#s^
pp. S 16. 8.
fret v. [fret] : debt s. RL 648. + let s. ib. -f net s.
VA 69. + set pp. VA 621.
1 entituled. 2 Z>a^. 3 remembred. 4 spred.
5 priuiledge. 6 Cabinet. 7 carconet. 8 det.
9 counterfet.
2i5-2i8.] RIMES IN [eter], [ets], [etj], [en]. 179
get v. [get] : || great a. RL 878. + \\heat s. VA 93.
+ set v. LC 134. l + threat v. RL 549.
y^-s. [d;et] :set pp. LC 37. 2 -f wet a. ib.2
te/ s. ("hindrance") [let] : debt s. RL 646. -f fret v. ib.
— v. ("hinder;" "omit") —-.debt s. RL 328. + set
pt. RL 10.
net s. [net] if ret v. VA 67.
set v. [set] : counterfeit s. S 53. 7. + get v. LC 136.
— pt. — : debt s. S 83. 2. + /*tf v. RL 8. + violet
s. VA 935.
— pp. — : carcanet s. S 52. 6. + /r*f v. VA 619. -f
jet s. LC 39. + wet a. ib. -\ v. RL 1226.
threat v. [6ret]:^ v. RL 547. 3
unset pp. [un'set] : counterfeit s. S 16. 6.
violet s. [vijolet] : s*tf pt. VA 936.
wet a. [wet] : debt s. VA 83. -f y*f s. LC 40. -f set
pp. ib.
__ v. _ : s# pp. RL 1228.
215. Rimes in [eter].
better cp. [beter] : debtor s. RL 1154, -f greater cp.
S 119. 10. -f letter s. RL 1323.
debtor s. [detor], [-tor] -.better cp. RL 1155.4
letter s. [leter] : better cp. RL 1322.
216. Rimes in [ets].
begets v. [bi'gets] if rets v. VA 768.
frets v. [frets} : begets v. VA 767. + || entreats v. VA 75.
217* Rime in [etj].
wretch s. [wretf] : || scratch v. VA 703.
218. Rimes in [en].
again av. (i) [ae'gen] ipen s. S 79. 8.5 *sis* For (n) see
rimes in [aein].
amen int. ['se/men] : pen s. S 85. 6. 6
4 detter. 5 againe. * Amen.
12*
180 [e]- RIMES. [VI.
men s. [men] -.pen s. RL 1291; S 16. 12. 19. 12, 32. 8,
81. 14. + then av. S 146. 13; PP 19.321, 341.
pen s. [pen] : again av. S 79. 6. -f amen int. S 85. 8.
+ men s. RL 1289; S 16. 10, 19. 10, 32. 6, 81. 13.1
then av. [ten] i men s. S 146.14; PP 19.322, 343.
219. Rime in [eniJJ.
replenish v. [re'plenif] : || blemish s. RL 1357.
220. Rimes in [end].
amend v. [ae'mend] : blend v. LC 214. -f tend v. ib.
attend v. [ae'tend] : end s. VA 1136.
blend v. [blend] : amend v. LC 215. -f tend v. ib.
commend v. [ko'mend] : comprehend v. PP 5 (from
LL 4. 2). 64. + w^rf v. S 69. 4. 2
comprehend v. [kompre'hend] : commend v. PP 5
(from LL 4. 2). 62.
contend v. [kon'tend] : ^wtf s. S 60. 4. -f friend s.
VA 820.
<fe/>*ffrf v. [depend] : end s. S 92. 8. -f extend v. LC
274.
end s. [end] : dtffcwrf v. VA 1138. + contend v. S 60. 2.
-f depend v. S 92.6. -f y&wfi? s. S 145.9; PT
7. -f- friend s. RL 238, 528; S 50.2, 110.9. +
send v. VA 272. + spend v. S 9. 11, 146.8.
__ v. — i friend s. RL 899 ; S 30. 14.
extend v. [eks'tend] : depend v. LC 276. -f intend v.
LC 25. + lend v. ib.
fiend s. [lend]: end s. S 145. 11; PT 6. -{-friend s.
S 144. 9 ;3 PP 2 (= S 144). 23.*
friend s. [frend] : contend v. VA 818. + end s. RL
237, 526; S 50.4, 110. 11. + — v. RL 897; S
30. 13. -f fiend s. S 144. 11 ; PP 2 (=• S 144). 25.
+ lend v. S 82. 12. + 'spend v. S 149.5; fPP
21. 407.
intend v. [in'tend] : extend v. LC 23. -f lend v. ib.
1 Pen. - Commend. 3 ftnde. * feend.
2 2 1-2 23.] RIMES IN [endig], [ended], [ender]. 181
lend v. [lend] : extend v. LC 26. -f friend s. S 82. 10.
-f intend v. LC 26. -f- 5/>*K<? v. S 4. 3. + tend v.
S 53. 4.
mend v. [mend] : commend v. S 69. 2. 4- tend v. S
103. 9.
send v. [send] : e»tf s. VA 274.
spend v. [spend] : end s. S 9. 9, 146. 6. -f friend s. S
149. 7; fPP 21. 408. + /^ v. S 4. 1. + tend v.
S 57. 3.
tend v. [tend] : amend v. LC 212. -f blend v. ib. -f
tewtf v. S 53.2. -f jffittrf v. S 103. 11. + spend
v. S 57. 1.
221. Rimes in [endiij].
amending g. [ae'mendii)] : depending p. RL 1614. -f
ending g. ib.
depending p. [de'pendiig] : amending g. RL 1615. -f
ending g. ib.
ending g. [endii]] : amending g. RL 1612. + de-
pending p. ib.
222. Rimes in [ended].
amended pp. [ae'mended] : ended pp. RL 578. + pre-
tended pp. ib.
attended pt. [ae'tended] : commended pp. LC 78. +
offended pp. VA 809.
commended pp. [ko'mended] : attended pt. LC 80.
descended pt. [de'sencled] : ended pp. RL 1081.
ended pp. [ended] : amended pp. RL 579. -f descended
pt. RL 1079. + pretended pp. RL 579.
offended pp. [o'f ended] : attended pt. VA 810.
pretended pp. [pre' tended] : amended pp. RL 576. -f-
pp. ib.
223. Rimes in [ender].
ender s. [ender] : render v. LC 222. -f tender s. ib.
render v. [render] : ender s. LC 221. -f tender s. ib.
fer s. ("present") [tender] : ewfifer s. LC 219. -f
render v. ib.
182 [e]- RIMES. [VI.
224. Rimes in [endee].
attendeth v. [se'tendee] : lendeth v. RL 1674.
lendeth v. [lendee] : attendeth v. RL 1676.
225. Rimes in [end her].
defend her v. & pn. [de'fend her] : reprehend her v.
& pn. VA 472.
reprehend her v. & pn. [repre'hend her] : defend her
v. & pn. VA 470.
226. Rimes in ['end mi:].
attend me v. & pn. [ae'tend mi:] : defend me v. & pn.
RL 1682. -f lend me v. & pn. ib.
defend me v. & pn. [de'fend mi:] : attend me v. & pn.
RL 1684. + lend me v. & pn. ib.
lend me v. & pn. ['lend mi:] : attend me v. & pn. RL
1685. -f defend me v. & pn. ib.
227. Rime in [endred].
tender 'd (i. e. tendered) pp. [tendred] : || remember 'd
(rememb'red) pp. S 120. II.1
228. Rimes in [endzj.
amends s. [ae'mendz] : depends v. S 101. 1. -f- friends
s. RL 961. + lends v. ib.
comprehends v. [kompre'hendz] : defends v. RL 494.
-4- friends s. ib.
defends v. [de'fendz] : comprehends v. RL 492. -f
friends s. ib.
depends v. [de'pendz] : amends s. S 101. 3.
ends v. [endz] -.friends s. VA 716.
fiends s. [fendz] -.friends s. VA 638.
friends s. [frendz] : amends s. RL 963. + comprehends
v. RL 495. + defends v. ib. + ^6fe v. VA 718.
-f fiends s. VA 640. + intends v. VA 588. 2 +
lends v. RL 963.
intends v. [in'tendz] -.friends s. VA 587.
v. [lendz] : amends s. RL 964. + friends s. ib.
1 tendred. * frends.
229.] RIMES IN [ent]. 183
229. Rimes in [ent].
accident s. [aeksident] : discontent s. S 124. 5.
argument s. [sergiument] : invent v. S 79. 5. 4- punish-
ment s. PP 3 (from LL 4. 3). 30. + spent pp.
S 76. 10, 100. 8, 105. 9.
banishment s. [bgenijment] : consent s. RL 1855.
bent pp. [bent] : jcommandement s. PP 21.417. -f
discontent s. S 143.6. + repent v. PP 19.311.
•\commandenients. [ko'mgendement] : bentpp.PP2l.4lS.1
consent s. [kon'sent] : banishment s. RL 1854.
content s. [kon'tent] : lament v. RL 1503. -f lent pt.
ib. 4- ornament s. S 1. 11. -f precedent s. LC 157.
+ spent pp. S 119. 13.
detriment s. [detriment] : discontent s. RL 1579. -j-
spent pp. ib.
discontent s. [diskon'tent] : accident s. S 124. 7. -f
pp. S 143. 8. + detriment s. RL 1580. -f
s. RL 1601. + s/w?»f pp. RL 1580, 1601.
element s. [element] : spent pp. RL 1588.2
£^£w£ s. [e'vent] : discontent s. RL 1598. + spent pp. ib.
evident a. [evident] : improvident a. S 10. 4.
excellent a. [ekselent] : invent v. S 38. 3.
government s. [guvernment] : /£#£ pt. RL 1400.
instrument s. [instriument] : languishment s. RL 1140.
mtewJ s. [intent] -.prevent v. VA 469; RL 218.
invent v. [in'vent] : argument s. S 79. 7. -f excellent
a. S 38. 1.
lament v. [lae'ment] : content s. RL 1500. -f /£#£ pt. ib.
languishment s. [laeijgwijment] : instrument s.^RL 1141.
+ ravishment s. RL 1130.
/£//£ pt. [lent] : content s. RL 1502. 4- lament v. ib. +
government s. RL 1399. 4- malcontent s. VA 315.
- pp. — : tent s. RL 17.
malcontent s. [maelkontent] : lent pt. VA 313.
monument s. [moniument] : spent pp. S 107. 13.
ornament s. [ornsement] : content s. S 1. 9. + w^w/ pt.
LC 115.
precedent s. [presedent] : content s. LC 155.
1 Commaundement. 2 Element.
184 [e]- RIMES. [VI.
prevent v. [pre'vent] I: intent s. VA 471; RL 220.
punishment s. [punijment] : argument s. PP 3 (from
LL 4. 3). 32.
ravishment s. [raevijment] : languishment s. RL 1128.
rent s. ("payment") [rent] : spent pp. S 125. 6.
repent v. [re'pent] : bent pp. PP 19. 313.
spent pp. [spent] : argument s. S 76. 12, 100. 6, 105. 11.
-f content s. S 119. 14. + detriment s. RL 1577.
4- discontent s. ib., 1600. + element s. RL 1589.
+ £•*;£«/ s. RL 1600. + monument s. S 107. 14.
-f rent s. S 125.8. -f testament s. RL 1182.
tent s. [tent] : lent pp. RL 15. *
testament s. [testaement] |: spent pp. RL 1183.
unprovident a. [un'provident] : evident a. S 10. 2.
pt. [went] : ornament s. LC 113.
230. Rimes in fenti].
plenty s. [plenti] : twenty num. VA 20. 2
twenty num. [twenti] : plenty s. VA 22. 3
231. Rime in [ented].
contented pp. [kon'tented] : || imprinted pp. VA 513.
232. Rimes in [enter].
enter v. [enter] : venture (venter) v. VA 626.
venture (i. e. venter) v. [venter] : ^wfer v. VA 628.
233. Rimes in [entee].
relenteth v. [re'lenteS] : tormenteth v. VA 200.
tormenteth v. [tor'mentee] : relenteth v. VA. 202.
234. Rimes in |'ent mi:].
lent me pt. & pn. ['lent mi:] : sent me pt. & pn. LC 199.
sent me pt. & pn. ['sent mi:] : lent me pt. & pn. LC 197.
1 Tent. z plentie. 3 twentie. * venter.
235-238.] RIMES IN [entrii)], [ents], [entjt], [ens]. 185
235. Rime in [entrii]].
venturing (i. e. vent'ring) g. [ventriij] : || tempering
(temp'ring) g. VA 567. J
236. Rimes in [ents].
accidents s. [aeksidents] : intents s. S 115.5.
contents s. [kon'tents] : monuments s. RL 948 ; S 55. 3.
+ rents v. LC 56.
discontents s. [diskon'tents] : events s. VA 1161.
events s. [e'vents] : discontents s. VA 1159.
intents s. [in'tents] : accidents s. S 115. 7.
monuments s. [moniuments] : contents s. RL 946 ; S
55. 1.2
ornaments s. [ornaements] : rents s. S 142. 6.
rents s. ("payments") [rents] : ornaments s. S 1 42. 8.
- v. ("rends") — : contents s. LC 55.
237. Rimes in [entft].
drench' d pp. [drentjt] :trench'd pp. VA 1054. 3
trench 'd pp. [trentjt] : drench' d pp. VA 1052. 4
238. Rimes in [ens].
commence v. [ko'mens] -.hence av. PT 21. + sense s.
S 35.11.
defence s. [de'fens] : hence av. S 12. 13. -f offence s.
S 89. 4. + ^sense s. PP 8. 100.
difference s. [diferens] : excellence s. S 105. 8.
diligence s. [dilid^ens] : offence s. RL 1853. -f thence
av. ib.
dispense v. [dis'pens] : hence av. RL 1279.5 -f negli-
gence s. ib. + offence s. RL 1070, 5 1704. 5 +
sense s. S 112. 12. 5
eloquence s. [elokwens] : recompense s. S 23. 9.
excellence s. [ekselens] : difference s. S 105. 6. -f £.r-
s. S 94. 8.
1 ventring. 2 monument (misprint). 3 drtcht*
4 +»,0v,ri>* -^f-. * dispence.
186 {e]- RIMES. [VI.
expense s. [eks'pens] : excellence s. S 94. 6. 1
hence av. [hens] : commence v. PT 24, -f defence s.
S 12. 14. + dispense v. RL 1276. -f negligence
s. ib.
intelligence s. [in'telid;ens] : thence av. S 86. 10.
negligence s. [neglid^ens] : dispense v. RL 1278. -f
hence av. ib. -f- thence av. LC 35.
offence s. [o'fens] : defence s. S 89. 2. -f diligence s.
RL 1852. + dispense v. RL 1071, 1702. + tftew^
av. RL 738, 1852; S 51.1.
recompense s. [rekompens] : eloquence s. S 23. II.2
sense s. [sens] : commence v. S 35. 9. 3 -}- f defence s.
PP 8. 108. -f dispense v. S 112. 10. 3
thence av. [dens] : diligence s. RL 1850. -f- intelligence
s. S 86. 12. + negligence s. LC 34. -f offence s.
RL 736, 1850; S 51.3.
239. Rimes in [el].
bell s. [be\]: dwell v. S 71. 2. + £w*?// s. RL 1493.4
-f tell v. ib.4 + well av. VA 702.
dwell v. [dwel] : fo// s. S 71. 4. + excel v. S 5. 2. +
A*// s. RL 1557. -f sm*// v. VA 1173. -f tell v.
S 84. 5, 89. 10, 93. 10.
excel v. [ek'sel] : dwell v. S 5. 4. 5
expel v. [eks'pel] : well av. VA 976. 6
. fel : h
a. [fel] : hell s. RL 766.
hell s. [hel]:<*av0 v. RL 1555. 7 + fell a. RL 764. 7
+ tell v. RL 1287 ; 7 S 144. 12 ; 8 PP 2 (= S 144).
26. + well av. S 58. 13, 129. 14.
knell s. [knel] : bell s. RL 1495. + || deal s. PP 18. 272.
+ tell. v. RL 1495.
sell v. [se\]:well av. S 21. 14; *PP 19.310.9
sentinel s. [sentinel] : || kill v. VA 650. 10
smell s. [smel] : te// v. S 98. 5. + yell s. VA 686.
— v. —-.dwell v. VA 1171." -f tell v. PP 19.307.
1 expence. 2 recompence. 3 sence. 4 Bell.
? excell. « expell. 7 Hell. * hel. 9 sale.
10 centinell.
240-244-] RIMES IN [elig], [elf], [eld], [elt], [elz]. 187
tell v. [tel] : bell s. RL 1496. + dwell v. S 84. 7, 89. 12,
93. 12. + hell s. RL 1288; S 144. 10; PP 2 (= S
144). 24. + knell s. RL 1496. + smell s. S 98. 7.
_l -- v. PP 19. 305. + well s. LC 253. + — av.
S 14. 5, 103. 12.
well s. [wel] : tell v. LC 255.
— av. — -.bell s. VA 701. + expel v. VA 974. +
fc?// s. S 58. 14, 129. 13. + sell v. S 21. 13; PP
19.309. + tell v. S 14. 7, x 103. 10.
yell s. [jel] : smell s. VA 688.
240. Rimes in [elii]].
excelling p. [ek'selig] : smelling g. VA 443.
smelling g. [smelii)] : excelling p. VA 444.
241. Rimes in [elf].
myself pn. [mij'self] ipelf s. PP 14. 191. 2
s. [pelf] : ^y5^// pn. PP 14. 192. 3
242. Rimes in [eld].
beheld pt. [bi'held] : dwell 'd pt. RL 1447. + excell'd
pt. VA 1129. + steWd pp. RL 1447.
dwell' d pt. [dweld] : beheld pt. RL 1446. 4 + stelVd
pp. ib.
excell'd pt. [ek'add}:te**W pt. VA 1131. 5
steWdpp. [steld] : beheld pt. RL 1444. 6 + ^^^//Wpt.ib.6
243. Rimes in [elt].
felt pp. [felt] : melt v. VA 143.
melt v. [melt] :/*# pp. VA 144.
244. Rimes in [elz].
bells s. [belz]:te/te v. RL 51 1.7
dwells v. [dwelz] : smells v. S 99. 4.
2 *w.y selfe. 3 pelfe. 4 dweld.
6 exceld. 6 steld. 1 bels.
188 [e]- RIMES. [VI.
smells v. [smelz] : dwells v. S 99. 2. *
tells v. [te\z]: bells s. RL 510.2
245. Rimes in [er].
character v. [kseraekter] : register v. S 108. 1.
harbinger s. [haerbind5e(i)r] : near av. PT 5.
pioneer (i. e. *pioner) s. [pijone(:)r] : appear v. RL 1380.8
publisher s. [publijer] : orators. RL 33. -f singular a. ib.
ravisher s. [rsevijer] : conspirator s. RL 770.
register v. [red§ister] : character v. S 108. 3.
worshipper s. [wurfipe(:)r] : c/?^^ s. RL 86.
v. ib.
246. Rime in [erit].
»wri/ s. [merit] : \\ spirit s. S 108. 4.
247. Rimes in [erizj.
berries s. [beriz] : cherries s. VA 1 104.
cherries s. [tjeriz] : berries s. VA 1103.
248. Rimes in [erij].
cherish v. [tferij] -.perish v. S 11. 12. 4
v. [perij] : cherish v. S 11. 10. 5
249. Rimes in [er(e)d].
erred pp. [er(e)d] : transferred pp. S 137. 13.
transferred pp. [traens'fer(e)d] : erred pp. S 137. 14.
250. Rimes in [erviijj.
deserving g. [de'zerviij] : swerving p. S 87. 6.
swerving p. [swerviij] : deserving g. S 87. 8.
251. Rimes in [erd].
beard s. [berd] : herd s. S 12. 8.
herd s. [herd] : beard s. S 12. 6.
1 smels. * fe/s. 3 Pyoner. 4 cherrish. 5 perrish.
252-258.] RIMES IN [erdz], [ern], [e(:)r6], [e(:)rz], &c. 189
252. Rime in [erdz].
herds s. [herdz] : || birds s. VA 456.
253. Rimes in [ern].
discern v. [di'sern] : learn v. RL 619. 1
learn v. [lern] : discern v. RL 617. 2
254. Rimes in [e(:)re].
dearth s. [de(:)re] : earth s. VA 545; S 146.3.
earth s. [e(:)r6] : dearth s. VA 546-, S 146. 1.
255. Rimes in [e(i)rz].
characters s. [kaer3ekte(:)rz] : bears v. LC 16.8 -f tears
s. ib.8
256. Rimes in [ers].
disperse v. [dis'pers] : verse s. S 78. 4.
inhearse v. [in'hers] : verse s. S 86. 3. 4
rehearse v. [re'hers] : v*rs* s. S 21. 4,5 38. 4, 71. II,5
81.11.
•zw5£ s. [vers] : disperse v. S 78. 2. + inhearse v. S
86. 1. + rehearse v. S 21.2, 38.2, 71.9, 81.9.
257. Rimes in [ersed], [erst].
dispersed pp. [dispersed], [-st] : hearsed pp. RLS658.
hearsed pp. [hersed], [-st] -.dispersed pp. RL 657. 6
258. Rimes in [eder].
feather s. [feder] : whether cj. VA 302.
thither av. [deder], [dider] : weather s. RL 113. +
whether pn. PP 14. 190.
together av. [tu'geder], [tu'gider] : neither pn. PT 42. +
weather s. VA 971; PP 12. 157. + whither av.
VA 902. 7
weather s. [weder] -.thither av. RL 115.8 + together
av. VA 972; PP 12.159.
1 discerne. 2 learne. 3 charecters. * inhearce.
5 reherse. 6 hersed. 7 togither. 8 wether.
190 [e]- RIMES. [VI.
whether pn. cj. [hweder] -.feather s. VA 304. + neither
pn. PP 7. 101. + thither av. PP 14. 188.
whither av. [hweder], [hwider] : together av. VA 904.
259. Rimes in [eej.
vanisheth v. [vaenijee] : breath s. RL 1041. -f death
s. ib.
260. Rimes in (es|.
bless v. [bles] : confess v. VA 1119.1
confess v. [kon'fes] : bless v. VA 1117.2 + decease
(*decess) s. VA 1001. 2
decease (n) (i. e. *decess) s. [de'ses] : confess v. VA
1002. 8 %* For (i) see rimes in [e:s].
excess s. [ek'ses] : || lease s. S 146. 7. 4 -f less cp. RL
138. 4 -f possess v. ib.4
express v. [eks'pres] : heaviness s. RL 1286. 5 -f /£S5
cp. ib.5 + press v. S 140. 3.6 + success s. RL 1 1 1.6
heaviness s. [he(:) vines] : express v. RL 1283.6 -f
less cp. ib.6 + redress v. RL 1602.6
/£55 cp. [les] : express v. RL 1285. 7 -f £;ra?5S s. RL
137. 7 + heaviness s. RL 1285. 7 + possess v.
RL 137. 7 + wantonness s. S 96. 3. 7
possess v. [po'zes] : er^ss s. RL 135. 8 + fess cp. ib.8
press v. [pres] -.express v. S 140. I.9
redress s. [re'dres] : heaviness s. RL 1603.10
_ v. _ : || refresh v. PP 13. 178. 10
success s. [suk'ses] : express v. RL 112. u
wantonness s. [waentonnes] : less cp. S 96. I.12
261. Rime in [esTon], f-TunJ.
impression s. [im'presion] , [-Tun] : || commission s.
VA 566.
262. Rime in |esh)J.
possessing g. [po'zesii)] : || releasing g. S 87. 1.
1 blesse. 2 confesse. 3 decesse. 4 excesse.
5 expresse. 6 heauinesse. 7 lesse. 8 possesse.
9 presse. 10 redresse. n successe. 12 wantonesse.
263.] RIMES IN [est]. 191
263. Rimes in [est].
arrest s. [ae'rest] : interest s. S 74. 1. l
best sup. [best] : breast s. S 110. 13. -f express' d pp.
S 106.5. 4- indigest a. S 114.7. -f nest s. RL
1613. 4 rest s. ("remainder") S91.8; S 115. 10;
pp 1 (= S 138). 6. 4 suppress' d pp. S 138. 6.
blest pp. [blest] : || beast s. VA 328. + chest s. S 52. 11.
breasts, [brest] : best sup. S 110. 14.2 -f chest s. S 48. 1 1.2
4 congest v. LC 259. 2 -f ^s* s. VA 396. 2 +
fltetesJ v. RL 1563. + distress' d pp. VA 812 ;2
RL 463.2 4- express'd pp. S 23. 10.2 + £WsJ s.
RL 1563; S 153. 10. 2 4 nest s. PT 57. 2 -f pro-
test v. VA 582. 2 4 rcsf s. ("remainder") RL 1842.
+ _ s. ("repose") VA 648, 2 782, 2 854 ;2 RL
759.2 ^ -- v. PT 57. 2 4- unrest s. RL 1723.
chest s. [tjest] : blest pp. S 52. 9. 4 6m*s£ s. S 48. 9.
congest v. [kon'd^est] : breast s. LC 258.
0^5^ s. [krest] : &ra*s£ s. VA 395. + jest v. VA 104.
detest v. [de'test] : breast s. RL 1566. 4- guest s. ib.
distress' d pp. [dis'trest] : fcrassJ s. VA 814 ;3 RL 465.3
express'd pt. [eks'prest] : guest s. RL 9 1.4
— pp. — : best sup. S 106. 7.* 4 &ra*sf s. S 23. 12.*
+ unrest s. S 147. 12. 4
guest s. [gest] : breast s. RL 1565; S 153. 12. 4 detest
v. RL 1565. + express'd pt. RL 90. 4 \\feasts.
VA 449. 4 II — v. S 47. 7.
indigest a. [indigest] : best sup. S 114.5.
interest s. [interest] : arrest s. S 74. 3.
jtes* v. [d;est] : || beast s. VA 997. 4 crest s. VA 106.
nest s. [nest] : best sup. RL 1611. 4 fcraisf s. PT 56.
4 rest v. ib. -f west s. VA 532.
oppress' d pp. [o'prest] : /rs£ s. ("repose") S 28. 4. 5
possess' d pp. fpo'zest] : || least sup. S 29. 6. 6
protest v. [protest] : breast s. VA 581.
s. ("remainder") [rest] : best sup. S 91. 6; S 115. 12;
PP 1 (= S 138). 8. 4 breast s. RL 1844.
arest. 2 6r£s£. 3 distrest. 4 exprest.
5 oprest. 6 possest.
192 [e]- RIMES. [VI.
rest s. ("repose") [rest] : breast s. VA 647, 784, 853 ;
RL 757. + || east s. PP 15. 195. -f oppress 'a pp.
S 28. 2. + west s. S 73. 8.
— v. — : breast s. PT 58. + nest s. ib.
suppress'^ pp. [su'prest] : best sup. S 138. 8. l
unrest s. [un'rest] : breast s. RL 1725. -f express' a
pp. S 147. 10.
west s. [west] : || east s. S 132. 8. 2 + nests. VA 530.
+ rest s. ("repose") S 73. 6. 2
264. Rimes in [estiijz].
jestings s. [dzestiijz] : pretestings s. PP 7. 96. 8
pretestings s." [pro'testigz] : jestings s. PP 7. 95.
265. Rimes in [ests].
behests s. [bi'hests] : breasts s. RL 852.4 -f nests s. ib.4
breasts s. [brests] : behests s. RL 85 1.6 + guests s.
RL 1122. + *^ste s. RL 851. 5 -f rests s. RL 1122.
guests s. [gests] : breasts s. RL 1125. + rests s. ib.
nests s. [nests] : behests s. RL 849. -f- breasts s. ib.
T^sfe s. ("pauses") [rests] : breasts s. RL 1124. -f
guests s. ib.
266. Rime in [ej].
refresh v. [re'frej] : || redress v. PP 13. 176.
267. Rimes in [ek].
beck s. ("nod") [bek] : check s. S 58. 5.
check s. [tfek] : beck s. S 58. 7.
neck s. [nek] : || back s. VA 593. 6
268. Rimes in [ekt].
aspect s. [ae'spekt] : respect s. S 26. 10.
defect s. [de'fekt] : expect v. RL 151. + neglect v. ib.
+ respect s. RL 1345. H -- v. S 149. 11. +
suspect a. S 70. 1.
supprest. 2 JF<?s£. 3 ieastings. * behestes.
5 brests. 6 necke.
269-273-] RIMES IN [ektig], [ekted], [ekts], [eksion], &c. 193
effect s. [e'fekt] : reflect v. VA 1132. + respect s. S
36. 7. + — v. S 85. 14.
expect v. [ek'spekt] : defect s. RL 149. -f neglect v. ib.
neglect v. [ne'glekt] : defect s. RL 152. -f expect v. ib.
r^c/ v. [re'flekt] : effect s. VA 1130.
respect s. [re'spekt] : aspect s. S 26. 12. -f defect s.
RL 1347. + effect s. S 36. 5.
_ v. _ : defect s. S 149. 9. + ^fecf s. S 85. 13.
suspect a. [su'spekt] : defect s. S 70. 3.
269. Rimes in [ektii]].
effecting p. [e'fektiij] : expecting p. RL 429. -f respect-
ing p. VA 912; RL 429.
expecting p. fek'spektii)] : effecting p. RL 432. -f re-
specting p. ib.
respecting p. [re'spekth)] : effecting p. VA 911; RL
431. + expecting p. ib.
270. Rimes in [ekted].
affected pp. [ae'f ekted] : rejected pp. VA 157.
directed pp. [di'rekted] : unrespected pp. S 43. 4.
rejected pp. [re'd^ekted] : affected pp. VA 159.
unrespected pp. [unre'spekted] : directed pp. S 43. 2.
271. Rimes in [ekts].
defects s. [de'fekts] : respects s. S 49. 2.
respects s. [re'spekts] : defects s. S 49. 4.
272. Rimes in [eksion], [eksTun j.
complexion s. [kom'pleksion],[-iun] : direction s. VA 215.
correction s. [ko'reksion], [-tun] : infection s. S 111. 12.
direction s. [di'reksion], [-Tun] : complexion s. VA 216.
infection s. [in'feksion], [-iun] : correction s. S 111. 10.
insurrection s. [insu'rekston], [-Tun] : subjections. RL 722.
subjections. [sub'd^eksTon], [-Tun] : insurrection s.RL.724.
273. Rimes in [ege].
/iflgtA s. [\e^Q] : strength s. PP 19.319.
strength s. [streije] : teHgtfA s. PP 19. 317.
Victor, Shakespeare's Pronunciation. I. 13
194 [eu]- RIMES, [ae:]- RIMES. [VII.
VII. [eu]- RIMES.
274. Rimes in [eu].
dew s. [deu] -.few pn. RL 24.
few pn. [feu] : dew s. RL 22.
275. Rimes in [euti].
beauty s. [beuti] : || duty s. VA 167; RL 496. l
276. Rime in [eutizj.
beauties s. [beutiz] : || duties s. RL 13.2
VIII. [ae:]- RIMES.
277. Rime in [aeips].
grapes s. [graeips] : || mishaps s. VA 601.
278. Rimes in [aeim].
blame s. [blaeim] : dame s. PP 19. 301. -f defame s.
RL 767. + name s. VA 796; RL 620. + shame
s. RL 224, 620, 767, 1343; S 129.3.
- v. — : name s. VA 992. + shame s. RL 1259.
came pt. [kgeim] : dame s. RL 1626. -f shame s. ib.
+ tame a. LC 309.
dame s. [daeim] : blame s! PP 19. 299. 3 + came pt.
RL 1628.3 + defame s. RL 1034.3 -f fame s.
RL 21, 51. -f j| r*»w«» v. PP 18. 259. + shame
s. RL 51, 3 1034, 8 1628. 3
defame s. [de'faeim] : blame s. RL 768. -f dame s. RL
1033. + w«*«£ s. RL 817. + shame s. RL 768,
817, 1033.
1 Beautie. 2 Beauties. 3 Dame.
279-281 ] RIMES IN [jeimil)], [seimeO], [aeiv]. 195
fame s. [faeim] : dame s. RL 20, 53. -f inflame v. LC
270. -f name s. RL 106; S 80.4. + shame s.
RL 53; LC 270.
frame s. [frseim] : same pn. S 59. 10.
— v. — same pn. S 5. 1.
inflame v. [in'flaeim] -.fame s. LC 268. -f shame s. ib.
lame a. [term] : taw£ a. PP 12. 162.
//0W£ s. [naeim] : blame s. VA 794; RL 621. + -
v. VA 994. -f defame s. RL 814. -f- fame s.
RL 108; S 80.2. + same pn. RL 599; S 76.7,
108.8; PT 39. + shame s. RL 599, 621, 814,
892; S 36.12, 95.3, 127.2.
same pn. [saeim] -.frame s. S 59. 12. -\ v. S 5. 3. +
name s. RL 600; S 76. 5, 108. 6; PT 38. + shame
s. RL 600.
shame s. [Jae:m] : blame s. RL 223, 618, 765, 1344;
S 129. 1. + — v. RL 1260. + came pt. RL 1629.
-f dame s. RL 54, 1031, 1629. + defame s. RL
765, 816, 1031. + fame s. RL 54; LC 271. +
inflame v. ib. + name s. RL 597, 618, 816, 890;
S 36. 10, 95. 1, 1S7. 4. + same pn. RL 597.
tame a. [tse;m] : came pt. LC 311. + lame a. PP 12. 164.
279. Rime in [ae.mii]].
framing g. [fraeimii)] : \\flameth v. PP 7. 99.
280. Rime in [aeimee],
flameth v. [flseimee] : \\framing g. PP 7.97.
281. Rimes in [ae;v].
crave v. [krseiv] : have v. PP 10. 139. + rave v. RL
985. + slave s. ib. ; S 58. 3. -f wave s. VA 88.
gave pt. [gaeiv] : grave s. VA 1108. -j* have v. RL 1511.
grave s. [graeiv] -.gave pt. VA 1106. -f- have v. VA
757; RL 198; S 81.7. + slave s. RL 198, 661.
have v. [hgeiv] : crave v. PP 10. 137. + gave pt. RL
1512. + grave s. VA 759; RL 201; S 81.5. +
slave s. VA 102; RL 201, 1000.
13*
196 [ae:]- RIMES. [VIII.
rave v. [rgerv] : crave v. RL 982. -f slave s. ib.
slave s. [slaeiv] -.crave v. RL 984; S 58. 1. -f grave
s. RL 200, 659. + have v. VA 101 ; RL 200,
1001. -f rave v. RL 984.
wave s. [waeiv] : crave v. VA 86.
282. Rimes in ['ae:v it].
grave it v. & pn. ['graeiv it] : have it v. & pn. VA 376.
have it v. & pn. ['haeiv it] : grave it v. & pn. VA 374.
283. Rimes in [raver], [aeiver].
avour s. [faeivor], [faeiver] : savour s. S 125. 5. *
savour s. [saeivor], [sseiver] -.favour s. S 125. 7. 2
284. Rimes in [ae;d].
s. [blseid] : shade s. RL 505.
fade v. [fseid] : w«^ pp. S 54. 10. + shade s. S 18. 9.
jade s. [d5se:d] : made pp. S 51. 12.8
made pt. (inse:$\: shade s. PP 6.74, |21.376.
— PP- — -fade v. S 54. 12. -f jade s. S 51. 10.
+ persuade v. RL 31. -f shade s. RL 804; S 43. 9.
53.1.
persuade v. [per'swae;d] : made pp. RL 29. 4
shade s. [Jseid] : blade s. RL 507. -f fade v. S 18. 11.
+ wafite pt. PP 6. 72, |21. 375. + — pp. RL 805:
S 43.11, 53.3.
285. Rimes in [ae.ded].
shaded pp. [Jaeided] : *vaded pp. PP 10. 133.
vaded pp. [vaeided] (or [fae.ded] ?) : shaded pp. PP
10. 131. 5
286. Rimes in [%:d;].
age s. [aeid;] : assuage v. LC 70. -f equipage s. S
32. 10. + gage s. RL 1350. H -- v. RL 142. +
outrage s. RL 603. -f ^ag* s. S 108. 10. -f-
1 favor. * savor. 3 i ade (and so always i for
4 perswade. 8 faded.
287-289.] RIMES IN [ae:d;ez], [aeidsd], [ae:t]. 197
pilgrimage s. RL 962 ; S 7. 6. -f presage s. S
107.8. 4- rage s. RL 142; S 17.9, 64.2; LC 14.
-|- sage a. RL 275. + stage s. ib.
ambassage s. [aemb3esae(:)d;] : vassalage s. S 26. 3.
assuage v. [se'swge^l : age s. LC 69. * -}- pilgrimage
s. RL 790. ' + rag* s. VA 334. *
equipage s. [ekwipse(:)d2;] : #£•£ s. S 32. 12.
£•#£•£ s. [gseid;] : age s. RL 1351.
— v. — : age s. RL 144. -f rage s. ib.
marriage s. [mgeriaeQd;] : r«^ s. RL 221. -f s«gr
a. ib.
outrage s. ['uwt'raeid;] : og^ s. RL 605.
page s. ("boy") [pseid;] : age s. S 108. 12.
pilgrimage s. [pilgrimae(:)d;] : a^ s. RL 960 ; 2 S 7. 8.
+ assuage v. RL 791.
presage s. [pre'sgeid;] : «£•£ s. S 107. 6.
s. [rxidfliage s. RL 145; S 17.11, 64.4; LC
13. + assuage v. VA 332. + ,§YZg^ v. RL 145.
+ marriage s. RL 219. + sage a. ib. -f stage
s. S 23. 3.
a. [saeid;] : «^ s. RL 277. + marriage s. RL
222. + rage s. ib. + stage s. RL 277.
stage s. [staeid;] : age s. RL 278. 4- rage s. S 23. 1.
4- sage a. RL 278.
vassalage s. [vaesgelae(i)d2;] : ambassage s. S 26. 1.
287. Rimes in [aeid^ez],
pages s. ("boys") [pseid^ez] : rages v. RL 910. 8
rages v. [raeid5ez] : pages s. RL 909.
288. Rimes in [ae.d-d],
assuag'd pp. [se'swseid^d] : enrag'd pp. VA 318. 4
enrag'd pp. [in'rge^d] : assuag'd pp. VA 317.5
289. Rimes in [»:t].
accumulate v. [ae'kiumiulaei] : hate s. S 117. 10.°
advocate s. [advokae(:)t] : ^«^ s. S 35. 10. 7
1 asswage. 2 Pilgrimage. 3 Pages. * asswag'd.
5 inrag'd. 6 accumilate. 7 Aduocate.
198 [ae:]- RIMES. [VIII.
anticipate v. [aen'tisipaeit] : state s. S 118.9.
compassionate a. [kom'paesTonae(:)t] : gate s. RL 594.
date s. [daeit] : expiate v. S 22. 2. -f invocate v. S
38. 12. + prognosticate v. S 14. 14. -f temperate
a. S 18. 4.
s. [de'baeit] : hate v. S 89. 13.
— v. — -.premeditate v. RL 185.
degenerate a. [de'd;energe(:)t] : hate s. RL 1003. -f
state s. ib.
determinate a. [de'terminae(:)t] : estimate s. S 87. 4.
estate s. [es'taeit] : inordinate a. RL 92.
estimate s. [estimse(:)t] : determinate a. S 87. 2.
expiate v. [ekspigeit] : *&zfc s. S 22. 4.
extenuate v. [eks'teniuaeit] : insinuate v. VA 1010.
s. [fseit] :g-«fc s. RL 1069. + state s. ib.; S 29. 4.
,. [(
|0i
a. RL 595. + fate s. RL 1068. + state s. ib.;
gait s. [gait] : late a. VA 529.1 + state s. S 128. II.1
. [
#«fc s. [gse:t] : j| c/?^^ s. VA 424. + compassionate
S 29. 12.
hate s. [haeit] : acctimtdate v. S 117.12. -f advocate
s. S 35. 12. -f degenerate a. RL 1005. + ruinate
v. S 10.5. + state s. RL 668, 1005; S 124.3,
142. 1, 150. 10.
_ v. _ : debate s. S 89. 14. -f state s. S 145. 2.
inordinate a. [in'ordinae(:)t] : estate s. RL 94.
insinuate v. [in'siniuasit] : extenuate v. VA 1012.
instigate v. [instigaeit] : stofe s. RL 43.
invocate v. [invokgeit] : date s. S 38. 10.
late a. [leeit] -.gait s. VA 531.
wflfe s. [mseit] : rate s. RL 18. + state v. ib.
premeditate v. [pre'meditseit] : debate v. RL 183.
prognosticate v. [pro'gnostikaeit] : *?#fc s. S 14. 13.
rate s. [raeit] : mate s. RL 19. -f state s. ib.
ruinate v. [riuinaeit] : 7/#fe s. S 10. 7.
ruminate v. [riumingeit] : stafe s. S 64. 11.
state s. [staeit] : anticipate v. S 118. 11. + degenerate
a. RL 1006. +fate s. RL 1066; S 29. 2.+ gait s. S
128.9. + gate s. RL 1066; S 29. 10. -f hate s.
1 gate.
290-294-] RIMES IN [aeitiur], [aeited], [seitorz], &c. 199
RL 666, 1006; S 124. 1, 142.3, 150. 12. + — v.
S 145.4. + instigate v. RL 45. + mate s. RL
16. + rate s. ib. + ruminate v. S 64. 9. -f trans-
late v. S 96. 12.
temperate a. [temperae(i)t] : date s. S 18. 2.
translate v. [traens'lseit] : state s. S 96. 10.
290. Rime in [aeitiur].
nature s. [naeitiur] : || defeature s. VA 734.
291. Rime in [aeited].
created pp. [kre'aeited] : || defeated pt. S 20. 9.
292. Rime in [aeitorz], [aeiterz].
arbitrators s. [serbitreeitorz], [-terz] : debaters s. RL
1017. + mediators s. ib.
debaters (i. e. debaters?) s. [de'baeitorz], [-terz] : ar-
bitrators s. RL 1019. 1 + mediators s. ib.1
mediators s. [meidiaeitorz], [-terz] : arbitrators s. RL
1020. -f debaters s. ib.
293. Rime in [aem],
mane s. [maein] : || again av. VA 271.
294. Rimes in [aeil].
ashy-pale a. [fae|Vpae:l] : tale s. VA 76. 2
dale s. [daeil] \pale s. VA 232. + tale s. RL 1077.
pale s. [past] : dale s. VA 230.
— a. —-.scale v. RL 441. -f- tate s. VA 589, 1123;
LC 5. + vale s. LC 5.
scale v. [skgeil] : pale a. RL 440.
tale s. [t^il] : ashy-pale a. VA 74. + dale s. RL 1078.
+ pale a. VA 591, 1125; LC 4. -f ^tffc s. ib.
vale s. [vgeil] : pale a. LC 2. -f tale s. ib.
1 debaters. - ashie pale.
200 [a:] -RIMES. [VIII.
295. Rimes in [aeir],
are v. (i) [aeir] : care s. RL 9?9; S 48. 5, 112. 11, 147. 11.
+ compare s. VA 10-, S 35.8. + prepare v. S 13. 1.
-j- rare a. S 52. 7. + snare s. RL 929. -f unaware
a. VA 825. %* For (n) see rimes in [«rj.
tan? a. [bae:r] : care s. PP 12. 160.
care s. [kseir] : are v. RL 926; S 48. 7, 112. 9, 147. 9.
+ ta/r a. PP 12. 158. + compare v. RL 1100.
-f hare s. VA 681. + mare s. VA 383. -f rare
a. S 56. 13. + share s. PP 14. 183. + snare s.
RL 926.
compare s. [kom'pae;r] : are v. VA 8 ; S 35. 6. -f
a. S 21. 5, 130. 14.
— v. —\care s. RL 1102.
dare v. [daeir] : /*«r£ s. VA 676.
hare s. [haerr] : care s. VA 679. + dare v. VA 674.
mare s. [maeir] : care s. VA 384.
prepare v. [pre'paeir] : tff^ v. S 13. 3.
rare a. [raeir] : are v. S 52. 5. -J- owr s. S 56. 14. -f
+ compare s. S 21. 7, 130. 13.
share s. [Jae:r] : care s. PP 14. 181.
snare s. [snaeir] : are v. RL 928. + care s. ib.
unaware a. [unae'wseir] : #r£ v. VA 823.
chary a. [tjaerri] : wary a. S 22. 11.
rri] :
296. Rimes in [aeiri],
: wary a. S 22. 11
a. [waerri] : chary a. S 22. 9.
297. Rimes in |>:r mi:].
ensnare me v. & pn. [inf snaeir mi:] : spare me v. &
pn. RL 584. x
spare me v. & pn. ['spaeir mi:] : ensnare me v. & pn.
RL 582.
298. Rimes in [aeirz],
cares s. [kgeirz] -.fares v. RL 720, 1593. + stares v. ib.
fares v. [foeirz] : caras s. RL 721, 1594. + stares v. ib.
prepares v. [pre'pae:rz] : stares v. VA 303.
1 insnare me.
299'3°4-] RIMES IN [seiz], [aerzion], [seiziun], &c. 201
stares v. [staeirz] : cares s. RL 1591. -f fares v. ib.
+ prepares v. VA 301.
299. Rimes in [ae:z].
gage s. [gaeiz] : maze s. RL 1149.
maze s. [maeiz] : gaze s. RL 1151.
300. Rimes in [a&izion], [aeizTun].
invasion s. [in'vaeizion], [-zTun] -.persuasion s. RL 287.
persuasion s. [per'swseizion], [-zTun] : invasion s. RL
286. x
301. Rimes in [su:z(e)d].
amazed pp. [ae'maeiz(e)d] : biased pt. RL 1356. +
gased pt. ib. H pp. VA 925.
biased pt. [blge:z(e)d] : amased pp. RL 1353. + gassed
pt. ib.
gazed pt. [gge:z(e)d] : amazed pp. RL 1355. + blazed
pt. ib.
- pp. — : amazed pp. VA 927.
rased pp. [rge:z(e)d] : || defaced pp. S 64. 3.
302. Rimes in [aeizee].
amazeth v. [ae'maeizeO] : gazeth v. S 20. 8. 2
gazeth v. [gaeizee] : amazeth v. S 20. 6.
303. Rimes in [aeizez].
amazes v. [ae'maeizez] : gazes v. VA 634.
gazes v. [gseizez] : amazes v. VA 632.
304. Rimes in [aeis],
apace av. [se'pgeis] : embrace s. VA 813. + /#££ s.
LC 284. 8 + grace s. ib.8
base a. [baeis] if ace s. RL 202.
s. [kaeis] -.face s. RL 313. + grace s. RL 711 ;4
LC 116. + pace s. RL 71 1.4 -f place s. RL 313;
S 108.9; LC 116.
perswaston. " amaseth. 3 a pace. * cace.
202 [ae:]- RIMES. [VIII.
chase s. [tfaeis] '.face s. VA 3;1 S 143. 5. l -{-place
s. VA 883; RL 1736.
deface v. [de'faeis] -.place s. S 6. 1.
disgrace s. [dis'graeis] -.face s. RL 479, 802, 827:
S 33. 8, 34. 8, 103. S, 127. 8. + place s. RL 802.
embrace s. [im'brseis] : apace av. VA 811. 4- face s.
VA 539, 2 874.2
face s. [feeis] : apace av. LC 282. + base a. RL 203.
+ case s. RL 312. + chase s. VA 1; S 143.7.
+ disgrace s. RL 477, 800, 829; S 33.6, 34.6,
103.6, 127.6. + embrace s. VA 540, 872. +
grace s. VA 62; RL 562; S 132.9; LC 81, 282.
+ place s. RL 312, 562, 800, &c. (5); S 93.2,
131. 10, 137. 12; LC 81. + space s. RL 1775.
grace s. [grseis] : apace av. LC 285. + case s. RL
712; LC 114. +face s. VA 64; RL 564; S 132. 11 ;
LC 79, 285. + pace s. RL 712. + place s. RL
564; S 79.2; LC 79, 114, 261, 316. + space s.
LC 261.
pace s. [paeis] : case s. RL 709. -f grace s. ib. + race
s. S 51.9.
place s. [plaeis] : case s. RL 310; S 108. 11; LC 117.
+ chase s. VA 885; RL 1735. + deface v. S
6.3. + disgrace s. RL 803. + face s. RL 310,
565, &c. (5); S 93. 4, 131. 12, 137. 10; LC 82. +
grace s. RL 565; S 79.4; LC 82, 117, 263, 318.
+ space s. RL 1773; LC 263.
race s. [raeis] : pace s. S 51. 11.
space s. [spaeis] if ace s. RL 1776. + grace s. LC 264.
+ place s. RL 1776; LC 264.
305. Rimes in [aeisTon], [
abomination s. [aebomi'naeisTon], [-sum] : exclamation
s. RL 704. 3 -f imagination s. ib. 3 -f inclination
s. RL 921.3 -f subornation s. ib.8
disputation s. [dispiu'taeision] , [-smn] : reputation s.
RL 822.
1 chace. - imbrace. 3 abhomination.
306-310.] RIMES IN [aeisionz], [aeisiunz], [arisms], &c. 203
exclamation s. [eksklae'mseision], [-sTun] : abomination
s. RL 705. 4 imagination s. ib.
imagination s. [imsed5i'nae:sTon], [-sTun] : abomination
s. RL 702. + exclamation s. ib.
inclination s. [inkli'nseisTon], [-sTun] : abomination s.
RL 922. 4 subornation s. ib.
reputation s. [repiu'taeision] . [-sTun] : disputation s.
RL 820.
subornation s. [subor'ngeision], [-sTun] : abomination s.
RL 919. + inclination s. ib.
306. Rimes in [aeisionz], [aeisiunz].
abominations s. [aebomi'ngeisionz], [-smnz] : invocations
s. RL 1832. 1 -j- lamentations s. ib. J
invocations s. [invo'kaeisionz], [-sTunz] : abominations
s. RL 1831. + lamentations s. ib.
lamentations s. [laemen'taeisionz], [-siunz] : abominations
s. RL 1829. 2 + invocations s. ib.2
307. Rimes in [seisius].
gracious a. [graeisius] : spacious a. S 135. 7.
spacious a. [spaeisius] : gracious a. S 135. 5. 3
308. Rimes in ['aeis it].
chase it v. & pn. ['tjgeis it] : disgrace it v. & pn. VA 410.
disgrace it v. & pn. [dis'qrgeis it] : chase it v. & pn.
VA 412.
309. Rimes in [aeisii]].
chasing g. [tfseisii)] : embracing g. VA 561.
embracing g. [im'braeisii)] : chasing g. VA 559. 4
310. Rimes in [aeised], [asist],
chased pt. [tjaeised], [tjaeist] : defaced pp. RL 716. -f
disgraced pp. ib.
- pp. — -.disgraced pp. RL 1834. 5
defaced pp. [de'faeised], [-faeist] : chased pt. RL 719.
4 disgraced pp. ib. 4 || rased pp. S 64. 1.
1 abhoininations. z Lamentations. 3 spatious.
4 imbracing. 5 chaced.
204 [se:]- RIMES. [VIII.
disgraced pp. [dis'graeised], [-grseist] : chased pt. RL
718. -j pp. RL 1833. -f defaced pp. RL 718.
-f misplaced pp. S 66. 7. *
misplaced pp. [mis'plaeised] , f-plgeist] : disgraced pp.
5 66. 5. 2
311. Rimes in [u-sez|.
faces s. [foeisez]: graces s. RL 1408; S 17. 8, 94.7.
+ interlaces v. RL 1388. -f- paces s. ib. + places
s. RL 1526.
graces s. [graeisez] -.faces s. RL 1410; S 17.6, 94.5.
interlaces v. [inter'laeisez] -.faces s. RL 1390. -t- paces
s. ib.
paces s. [pseisez] -.faces s. RL 1391. -f- interlaces v. ib.
places s. [plaersez] -.faces s. RL 1525.
312. Rimes in ['%is him].
embrace him v. & pn. [im'braeis him] -.place him v.
6 pn. RL 518. 3
/>/#££ /rwi v. & pn. ['plaeis him] : embrace him v. &
pn. RL 517.
313. Rimes in [a>:s her].
deface her v. & pn. [de'fseis her] : grace her v. & pn.
PP 7. 90.
/ter v. & pn. ['graeis her] : deface her v. & pn.
PP 7.89.
314. Rimes in [a>(:}st].
a. [t fae(:)st] : haste s. RL 322. 4 + waist s.
RL 7.*
haste s. [hse(:)st] : &/«s£ s. RL 1332.5 -f chaste a. RL
321. 5 + fast s. VA 57. 5 + — a. RL 1332, 5
1668. 5 + />as£ a. ib.;5 S 123. 12. 5 + taste s. RL
650. 5
1 disgrac'd. 2 misplast. 3 imbrace him.
4 chast. 5
RIMES IN [ae(:)sted], ['aeist mi:], [ae:k]. 205
taste s. [tae(:)st] -.fast s. RL 891. l + haste s. RL
651. 1 + last v. VA 445 ;' RL 891. *
_ v. —-.fast av. VA 528. l -f tas£ sup. S 90. 11;
LC 167. + waste v. S 77. 4.
W0&f s. [wae(:)st] : chaste a. RL 6.2
waste s. — : ^>#s£ a. S 30. 4.
— v. — : fosfe v. S 77. 2.
315. Rimes in [ae(:)sted].
tasted pp. [tse(:)sted] : wasted pp. VA 128.
wasted pp. [wae(:)sted] : tasted pp. VA 130.
316. Rimes in ['aeist mi:].
^embraced me pt. & pn. [im'braeist mi:] : unlaced me
pt. & pn. PP 11.147."
f unlaced me pt. & pn. [un'lseist mi:] : embraced me
pt. & pn. PP 11.149.*
317. Rimes in [»:k].
acne v. [seik] : brake s. VA 875. 5
awake a. [sefwae:k] : sake s. S 61. 10.
betake v. [bi'tae:k] : w#&£ v. RL 125.
brake s. ("thicket") [brseik] : acA^ v. VA 876.
forsake v. [for'sse:k] : make v. RL 157; S 12.11.
make v. [mge:k] -.forsake v. RL 155; S 12.9. + sake
s. S 145. 1 ; LC 321. -f shake v. RL 225. + take
v. RL 1198; S 81.1, 91.14.
partake v. [paartaeikJjSBwe s. S 149. 2. 6
sake s. [sae:k] : awake a. S 61. 12. + make v. S 145. 3;
LC 322. + partake v. S 149.4. + take v. RL
533; S 134.11.
shake v. [Jae:k] : make v. RL 227.
take v. [taeik] : make v. RL 1200; S 81.3, 91. 13. -f
sake s. RL 535; S 134.9.
wake v. [wse:kj : betake v. RL 126.
1 fast. 2 wast. 3 embrac't me. * vnlac't me.
6 pertake.
206 [EC:]- RIMES. [VIII.
318. Rimes in [gerkii]].
a-shaking g. [ae-'Jaeikiij] : taking g. RL 452. l -f
waking p. ib. 1
making g. [maeikii)] : mistaking p. S 87. 12.
mistaking p. [mis'taeikir)] : making g. S 87. 10.
taking g. [taeikii)] : a-shaking g. RL 453. -f waking
p. ib.
waking p. [wseikii)] : a-shaking g. RL 450. -f taking
g. ib.
319. Rimes in [aeikee].
awaketh v. [ae'waeikeO] : maketh v. RL 1675. -r slaketh
v. ib.
maketh v. [maeikee] : awaketh v. RL 1678. -f- slaketh
v. ib.
slaketh v. [slaeikee] : awaketh v. RL 1677. -f maketh
v. ib.
320. Rimes in [ae:k(e)st].
makest v. [mae:k(e)st] : ta&'s/' v. PT 18. 2
takest v. [tae:k(e)st] : makest v. PT 19.3
321. Rimes in ['aeik him].
forsake him v. & pn. [for'saeik him] : take him v. &
pn. VA 321.
take him v. & pn. [taeik him] : forsake him v. & pn.
VA 319.
322. Rimes in [a&:k,n].
forsaken pp. [for'sae:k,n] : taken pp. S 133. 7.
shaken pp. [fae:k,n] : taken pp. S 116.6, 120.5.
taken pp. [tae:k,n] : forsaken pp. S 133. 5. -f taken pp.
S 116.8, 120.7.
•>
323. Rimes in [aeiks].
•\betakes v. [bi'tseiks] : makes v. PP 8. 114.
makes v. [mseiks] : \betakes v. PP 8. 112. + takes v.
LC 109 (twice).
1 a shaking. - mak'st. * tak'st.
324-329-] RIMES IN [aeps], [aeft], [aed], [seder], &c. 207
quakes v. [kwaeiks] : shakes v. VA 1045.
shakes v. [Jaeiks] : quakes v. VA 1047.
takes v. [taeiks] : makes v. LC 107, 111. -f takes v. ib.
IX. [as] - RIMES.
324. Rime in [aeps].
mishaps s. [mis'haeps] : || grapes s. VA 603.
325. Rimes in [»ft].
m*/Z s. [kraeft] : ite^'rf pt. LC 295.
daff'd pt.[teh}: craft s. LC 297. *
326. Rimes in [aedj.
bad a. [baedl : had pt. S 67.14. + mad a. RL 995:
S 140. 11.
glad a. [glaed] : sad a. S 45. 13.
had pt. [hsed] : bad a. S 67. 13.
— pp. — : mad a. S 129. 6. -f sad a. RL 1385.
mad a. [maed] : bad a. RL 997; S 140. 9.2 + /^ pp.
S 129.8.
sad a. [saed] iglad a. S 45. 14. + had pp. RL 1386.
327. Rime in [aeder].
adder s. [aeder] : || shudder v. VA 878.
328. Rimes in
gladly av. [glaedli(j)] : sa^fy av. S 8. 3.
av. [saedli(j)] -.gladly av. S 8. 1.
329. Rimes in
bat s. ("stick") [baet] : sat pp. LC 64.
chat s. [t/set] : || gate s. VA 422.
1 daft. 2 madde.
208 [se] -RIMES. [IX.
hat s. [haet] \plat s. LC 31. + sat pt. VA 351.
plat s. ("braid") [plset] : hat s. LC 29.
sat pt. [sect] : /*«* s. VA 349.
- pp. — : fcatf s. LC 66. *
330. Rimes in [aeter].
flatter v. [flaeter] : matter s. S 87. 13. + water s. RL
1560.
matter s. [mseter] -.flatter v. S 87. 14. + water s.
LC 302.
w0fer s. [waeter] -.flatter v. RL 1561. + matter s.
LC 304.
331. Rimes in [aet(e)ri(j)].
battery s. [baet(e)ri(j)] : flattery s. VA 426. 2
flattery s. lflget(e)ri(j)] : 6«/^ry s. VA 425. 8
332. Rimes in [set/].
v. [ksetf] -.dispatch s. S 143. 1. + tafc/z s. RL
360. + *— v. S 113.8.
dispatch s. [dis'pgetj] : catch v. S 143. 3.
latch s. [tetj] : catch v. RL 358.
*— v. —-.catch v. S 113.6.*
match s. [maetf] : wafc/z v. VA 586.
scratch v. [skraetj] : || wretch s. VA 705.
watch v. [waetj] : match s. VA 584.
333. Rimes in [ten].
began pt. [bi'gaen] : man s. VA 7,^367. -f ran pt. RL
1439. + than av. ib.
can v. [kaen] : man s. S 141. 9. + swan s. PT 14.
ttwm s. fmaen] : began pt. VA 9, 369. + aw* v. S
141.11.
ran pt. [ram] : fc^a pt. RL 1437. + than av. ib.
swan s. [swaen] : £0ft v. PT 15. 5
than av. [ten] : began pt. RL 1440. -f ran pt. ib.
1 soft*. 2 battry. * flattry. 4 lack (misprint).
5 Swan.
334-339-] RIMES IN [aeni], [aend], [aender], [aendlil)], &c. 209
334. Rimes in [aeni].
any pn. [aeni] -.many pn. VA 70S;1 S 10. 1.
many pn. [maeni] : any pn. VA 707 ;2 S 10.3.
335. Rimes in [iwid],
fo^ s. [baend] : to/^ s. VA 225, 363; RL 255.
brand s. [braend] : A«»rf s. S 111.5, 154.2.
command s. [ko'maend] : hand s. LC 227.
dial-hand s. [dijael-haend] : stand v. S 104. 9. 3
hand s. [hgend] : &tf^ s. VA 223, 361 ; RL 253. -f
brand s. S 111. 7, 154. 4. + command s. LC 225.
+ land s. RL 436. + stand s. ib. + — v. RL
1235, 1403, 1597; S 60. 14, 99. 6, 128. 6; LC 141.
land s. [laend] : hand s. RL 439. + stand s. ib. +
— v. S 44. 7.
stand s. [staend] : hand s. RL 438.
— v. — : dial-hand s. S 104. 11. + hands. RL 1233,
1401, 1599; S 60. 13, 99.8, 128.8; LC 143. -f
land s. S 44. 5.
336. Rimes in [sender].
commander s. [ko'maender] : slander s. VA 1004. 4
slander s. [slaender] : commander s. VA 1006. 5
337. Rimes in [wndlii]].
dandling g. [daendliij] : handling g. VA 562.
handling g. [haendlii)] : dandling g. VA 560.
338. Rimes in [%ndz].
lands v. [laendz] : sands s. RL 336.
sands s. [saendz] : lands v. RL 335.
339. Rimes in [ae(:)nd;].
change s. [tjae(i)nd5] : strange a. S 76. 2, 89. 6, 93. 6.
— v. — -.strange a. S 123. 1.
1 anie. 2 manie. 3 Dyall hand. 4 commaunder.
5 slaunder.
Victor, Shakespeare's Pronunciation. I. 14
210 [ae]- RIMES. [IX.
strange a. [strae(:)nd;] : change s. S 76. 4. 89. 8, 93. 8.
+ — v. S 123. 3.
340. Rimes in [ae(i)nd§(e)d].
exchanged w [eks'tfge(:)nd3(e)d] : ranged^. S 109. 7.1
ranged pp. [rae(:)nd5(e)d] : exchanged pp. S 109. 5. 2
341. Rimes in [aB(:)nd;er].
danger s. [dae(:)nd5er] : stranger s. VA 788.
stranger s. [strae(:)nd;er] : danger s. VA 790.
342. Rimes in [aent].
| scant a. [skaent] : want s. PP 21. 409.
vaunt v. [vaent] -.want v. RL 4 1.3
wflwJ s. [waent] -.^scant a. PP 21.410.
— v. — : vaunt v. RL 42.
343. Rimes in [aentii)].
granting g. [graentiij] : wanting p. S 87. 5.
wanting p. [waentii)] : granting g. S 87. 7.
344. Rimes in [aented].
enchanted pt. [in'tjaented] : granted pp. LC 128.4 -f
haunted pt. ib. 4
granted pp. [grsented] : enchanted pt. LC 131. -f
haunted pt. ib.
haunted pt. [hsented] : enchanted pt. LC 130. -f
granted pp. ib.
345. Rimes in [a>ntee],
granteth v. [grgentee] \panteth v. RL 558. -f wanteth
v. ib.
panteth v. [paentee] : granteth v. RL 555. -f wanteth
v. ib.
wanteth v. [waenteO] : granteth v. RL 557. -f panteth
v. ib.
1 exchanged. 2 rang'd. 3 -z;fl^. * inchanted.
346-35°-] RIMES IN [aens], [aensez], [aeli], [seloij, &c. 211
346. Rimes in [sens].
advance v. [aed'vaens] : chance s. RL 1705. -f circum-
stance s. ib. + ignorance s. S 78. 13.
chance s. [tjaens] : advance v. RL 1706. -f circum-
stance s. ib. -f trance s. RL 1596.
circumstance s. [sirkumstaens] : advance v. RL 1703.
-f chance s. ib.
dance v. [daens] : lance s. VA 105. 1
ignorance s. [ignoraens] : advance v. S 78. 14.
/awc£ s. [laens] : dance v. VA 103. 2
trance s. [traens] : chance s. RL 1595.
347, Rimes in [aensez].
mischances s. [mis'tjaensez] : trances s. RL 976.
trances s. [traensez] : mischances s. RL 974.
348. Rime in [aeli].
dally v. [dseli] : ||/o//y s. RL 554. 3
349. Rime in [selo:].
hallow v. ("shout") [hseloi] : \\follow v. VA 973.
350. Rimes in [aer].
afar av. [ae'faer] : scar s. RL 830. 4 + war s. ib. 4
ar<? v. (n) [aer] : car s. S 7. 11. %* For (i) see rimes
in [aeir].
bar v. [baer] : war s. S 46. 3. 5
car s. [kaer] : ar^ v. S 7. 9.
y«r s. [d^aer] : war s. VA 100. 6
5ca^ s. [skaer] : afar av. RL 828. 7 + w«r s. ib. 7
singular a. [singiulaer], [-ler] : orator s. RL 32. 8 +
publisher s. ib. 8
war s. [waer] : afar av. RL 831. 9 -f bar v. S 46- I.9
+ jar s. VA 98. 9 + scar s. RL 831. 9
1 daunce. 2 launce. 3 dallie. 4 a farre.
5 barre. 6 iarre. 7 scarre. 8 singuler. 9 warre.
14*
212 [ae]- RIMES. [IX.
351. Rimes in [mm].
arm s. [aerm] : charm s. RL 170.1 -f harm s. ib. 1
charm s. [tjaerm] : arm s. RL 173. 2 -f harm s. ib. 2
harm s. [hzzrm]:arm s. RL 172.3 -f charm s. ib.8
-f warm a. VA 195. 3
warm a. [waerm] : harm s. VA 193. 4
352. Rimes in [a>rm(e)d].
arm'd pp. [aerm(e)d] : harm'd pp. VA 625. 5
charm'd pt. [tjaerm(e)d] : harm'd pp. LC 193. 6 -f
warm'd pt. ib. 6
disarm 'd pp. [dis'serm(e)d] : warm'd pp. S 154. 8.
harm'd pp. [haerm(e)d] : arm'd pp. VA 627. 7 -f charm'd
pt. LC 194.7 -f- warm'd pt. ib.7
warm'd pt. [waerm(e)d] : charm'd pt. LC 19 1.8 -f
harm'd pp. ib.8
- pp. — : disarm' d pp. S 154. 6.
353. Rimes in [aermz],
arms s. ("limbs") [aermzl : -^charms s. PP 11.148.9
-f harms s. RL 27. 9
- s. ("weapons") —-.harms s. RL 197, 10 1693. 9
charms s. [tfaermz] inarms s. ["limbs") PP 11. 150.
harms s. [hsermz] : arms s. ("limbs") RL 28. 12 -f
- s. ("weapons") RL 199, 12 1694. 12
354. Rimes in [aerd].
guard s. [gaerd] : ward s. S 133. 11. 13
hard a. [hserd] : regard s. LC 211. H v. VA 378.
— av. — : marr'd pt. VA 476.
heard pp. [haerd] : regard s. RL 306. + ward s. ib.
marr'd pt. [mgerd] : hard av. VA 478. u
regard s. [re'gaerd] : hard a. LC 213. -f heard pp.
RL 305. + ward s. ib.
_ v. _ : hard a. VA 377.
ward s. [wgerd] : gT/a;^ s. S 133. 9. 15 -f- heard pp.
RL 303. -j- regard s. ib.
1 arme. 2 charme. 8 harme. 4 warme.
5 armed. 6 Charmed. 7 harmed. 8 warmed.
g armes. 10 Armes. J1 charmes. ia harmes.
13 garde. u mard. JB warde.
11
355-357-] RIMES IN [3erd;(e)d], [art], [aertee]. 213
355. Rimes in [aerd;(e)d].
charg'd pp. [tjaerdjfcjd] : enlarg'd pp. S 70. 10.
enlarg'd pp. [in'laerd2;(e)d] : charg'd pp. S 70. 12. *
356. Rimes in [awl].
«r* s. [sert] : convert v. S 14. 10. + /r«wtf s. RL 1394 ;2
S 24. 4, 24. 13, 125. 11, 139. 4;2 LC 145, 174. +
part s. LC 145.
— v. — : convert v. RL 593. + depart v. S 6. 9. +
&?«rf s. RL 593; S 22.8, 41.4, 131.1. + part
v. S 48. 10.
convert v. [kon'vaert] : art s. S 14. 12. + — v. RL
592. + heart s. ib.
dart s. [daert] : heart s. VA 941.
depart v. [de'paert] : art v. S 6. 11. + heart s. VA
578; S 109.3.
desert s. ("merit") [de'zgert] : impart v. S 72.6. -f
part s. S 49. 10. 8
heart s. [hsert] : art s. RL 1396; S 24.2, 24. 14, 4
125.9, 139.2; LC 142, 175. + — v. RL 590;
S 22.6, 41.2, 131. 3. 4 + convert v. RL 590. +
dart s. VA 942. 4 + depart v. VA 580 ; 4 S 109. 1.
+ part s. VA 890 ;4 RL 293, 1137, 1828 ;4
S 23.4, 46.10, &c. (9); LC 142; |PP 21. 427. 4
+ _. v. VA 423.4
impart v. [im'paert] : desert s. S 72. 8.
part s. [psert] : art s. LC 144. + desert s. S 49. 12.
+ hearts. VA 892; RL 294, 1135, 1830; S 23. 2,
46.12, &c. (9); LC 144; fPP 21.428.
_ v. — : tfrt v. S 48. 12. -f heart s. VA 421.
357. Rimes in [aertee],
imparteth v. [im'paertee] : starteth v. RL 1039.
starteth v. [staertee] : imparteth v. RL 1037.
inlarged. 2 ./4r*. 3 desart. 4 hart.
214 [se]- RIMES. [IX.
358. Rimes in [ivrtest].
convertest v. [kon'vaertest] : departest v. S 11.4.
departest v. [de'paertest] : convertest v. S 11.2.
359. Rimes in [serfs].
deserts s. ("merits") [de'zaerts] : parts s. S 17.2.
hearts s. [hserts] -.parts s. S 31. 1. -4- smarts s. -RL
1239.1
parts s. [paerts] : deserts s. S 17. 4. + hearts s. S 31. 3.
smarts s. [smaerts] : hearts s. RL 1238.
360. Rimes in [aerz].
bars s. [baerz] : stars s. S 25. 3.
stars s. [staerz] : bars s. S 25. 1.
361. Rimes in [aerk].
bark s. ("ship") [baerk] : mark s. S 116. 7. 2
— v. —-.park s. VA 240.
lark s. [\&rk]:mark v. PP 15. 198. 3
mark s. [maerk] : fow£ s. S 116. 5. 4
_ v. _ . lark s. PP 15. 197.
park s. [p&rk]:bark v. VA 239. 5
362. Rimes in [aerkee].
barketh v. [baerkee] : marketh v. VA 459.
marketh v. [maerkee] : barketh v. VA 457.
363. Rimes in [aederd].
gathered pp. [gaederd] : unfathered pp. S 124. 4. 6
unfathered pp. [un'faederd] : gathered pp. S 124.2.
364. Rimes in |>o].
hath v. [haee] : wra^ s. LC 294.
wrath s. [wraee] : forfA v. LC 293.
1 harts. 2 barke. 3 /ar^. 4 marke. 5 parke.
6 gatherd.
365-37°-] RIMES IN [aez], [aes], [sesion], [aest], &c. 215
365. Rimes in [aez], [aes].
was pt. [waez], [waes] -.glass s. RL 1764; S 5. 12. +
grass s. RL 393. + *lass s. PP 18. 294. + pass
v. S 49. 7.
366: Rimes in [aes].
glass s. [glses]:/>«ss v. VA 980. 1 + was pt. RL
1763; * S 5. 10. V
grass s. [graes] : was pt. RL 395. 2
*lass s. [lses]:w«5 pt. PP 18. 293. 3
pass v. [pses] : gtes s. VA 982. 4 + was pt. S 49. 5.4
367. Rime in [aesion], [aesTun].
passion s. [psesion], [-mnl : \\fashion s. RL 1317;
S 20. 2.
368. Rimes in [aest].
blast s. [blsest] :/as£ av. RL 1335. + haste s. ib.
fast s. [foest] : tote s. VA 55. + last v. RL 891. +
taste s. ib.
_ av. —: blast s. RL 1334. + haste s. ib., 1670. 4-
/«s£ sup. VA 575. + past a. RL 1670. + taste
s. VA 527.
last sup. [Isestl :/as£ av. VA 576. + taste v. S 90. 9 ;
LC 168.
__ v. _ :fast s. RL 894. + taste s. VA 447; RL 894.
past a. [psest] :/#s£ av. RL 1671. + haste s. ib.; S
123. 10. + waste s. S 30. 2.
369. Rimes in [aester].
master s. [maester] : plaster s. VA 914.5
plaster s. [plsester] : master s. VA 916.6
370. Rime in [ae/Ton], [aeJTun],
fashion s. [fee/ion], [-Tun] : || passion s. RL 1319;
S 20. 4.
1 glasse. 2 grasse. 3 /0w^ (misprint). 4 passe.
5 maister. Q plaister.
216 [aei]- RIMES. [X.
371. Rimes in [%k].
alack int. [ae'laek] : back av. S 65. 9.
back s. [bsek] : lack v. VA 300. + || neck s. VA 594.1
— av. —-.alack int. S 65. 11. + black a. RL 1583.1
+ slack a. PP 19.334. -j- wrack s. VA 557 11
RL 843, ! 965 ;J S 126. 6. *
a. [blsekl : fowvfe av. RL 1585. + lack v. S 127. 9,2
132. 13. 2
v. [laek] : back s. VA 299. + black a. S 127. 11,
132.14."
slack a. [slack] : fow£ av. PP 19. 333. 4
s. [wraek] : &#c£ av. VA 558: 5 RL 841. 5 966; 5
S 126.5.
372. Rimes in fivktj.
s. [askt] :/«c^ s. RL 350.
s. [fgekt] : act s. RL 349.
373. Rimes in [aekted].
compacted pp. [kom'paekted] : enacted pp. RL 530. +
unacted pp. ib.
enacted pp. [in'aekted] : compacted pp. RL 529. -f w^-
acted pp. ib.
unacted pp. [un'aekted] : compacted pp. RL 527. -f
enacted pp. ib.
374. Rimes in [aei)].
/n«w.§- v. [haei)] : s«w,§- pt. S 73. 2. 6
sang pt. [saeig] : hang v. S 73. 4.
375. Rimes in [aeijk].
bank s. [baegk] : ^«^ a. VA 72. 7
a. [r^k]:bank s. VA 7 1.8
376. Rimes in [aegks].
s. [bsegks] : ranks s. RL 1442. 9
ranks s. [rseijks] : banks s. RL 144 1.10
1 backe. 2 blacke. 3 /«c>^^. 4 slacke. 5 wracke.
6 hange. 'l banke. 8 ranke. Q bancks. 10 ranckes.
377-] RIMES IN [&\]. 217
X, [»i]- RIMES.
377. Rimes in [aei].
array s. [se'rgei] : day s. VA 483.
— v. — '.gay a. S 146.2.
assay v. [ae'saei] : stay v. LC 156. -f way s. ib.
away av. [ae'waei] : ^bay s. PP 11.156. + betray v.
S 96. 11. + clay s. RL 608. + day s. RL 1010,
1281 ; S 73. 7, 75. 14, 145. 12; PP 16. 224, 19. 316.
+ decay s. S 11. 8, 64. 12, 80. 13; PP 14. 182. +
— v. RL 1169. -f gay a. S 68.6; PP 16.224.
+ lay v. RL 259, * 1796. + - - pt. RL 1056. +
play v. S 98. 13. + say v. VA 255, 807; RL
171 1,1 1796. + slay v. VA 763. + stay v. RL
1010; S 74.2, 92.1, 143.2.
bay s. ("close quarters") [baei] : ^away av. PP 11. 155.
-f way s. VA 877.
betray v. [bi'trgei] : away av. S 96. 9. -f may v. S 151. 5.
castaway s. [kaestaewaei] : day s. RL 744. 2 + lay v. ib.2
clay s. [klaei] : away av. RL 609. + decay v. S 71. 10.
day s. [dgei] : array s. VA 481. + away av. RL
1013, 1280; S 73.5, 75.13, 145.10; PP 16.223,
19. 315. + castaway s. RL 746. + decay s. RL
806; S 13. 11. + display v. RL 119.3 + gay a.
PP 16. 223. + lay v. RL 746. + — pt. RL 399.
-f May s. S 18.1; PP 17 (from LL 4. 3). 227;
|21.373.4 + prey s. VA 1098. 3 -f repay v. S
117.4. + re-survey v. S 32. 1.3 -f stay v. RL
1013; S 43. 10. + way s. RL 1142; S 7. 10, 34. 1.
decay s. [de'kaei] : away av. S 11.6, 64.10, 80.14;
PP 14. 184. + day s. RL 808; S 13.9. + slay
v. RL 516. 5 -f stay s. S 15. 11. + survey v. S
100. 11. + way s. RL 516 ;5 S 16.3.
— v. —:away av. RL 1168. + clay s. S 71. 12. +
say v. S 23. 7.
1 awaie. 2 cast-away. 3 dale. 4 Day. 5 decaie.
218 [sei]- RIMES. [X.
display v. [dis'plsei] : day s. RL 118. J
gay a. [gaei] : array v. S 146. 4. -f away av. S 68. 8;
PP 16. 225. + day s. ib. + say v. VA 286.
key s. [kaei] -.survey v. S 52. 1.
lay s. [laei] : obey v. PT 1.
— v. —-.away av. RL 258, 2 1794. -f castaway s.
RL 747. + day s. ib. + say v. RL 1794; S 101.7.
- pt. — : away av. RL 1057. + day s. RL 398. +
say v. RL 1620. + way s. VA 827.
May s. [maei] : day s. S 18. 3;8 PP 17 (from LL 4. 3).
228; |21.374.
may v. — : betray v. S 151. 7.
nay av. [naei]:say v. PP 19.318.
ofoy v. [o'baei] : lay s. PP 4. 4 -f />r0;y s. VA 61,
549.4 _|_ say v. LC 133.
pay s. [pgei] : w#y s. VA 89.
_ v. __ : Say v. S 79. 14.
play v. [plsei] : away av. S 98. 14.
prey s. [prgei] : <foy s. VA 1097. 5 -f obey v. VA 63,6
547. 6 + stay v. RL 421. 6
repay v. [re'pgei] : day s. S 117. 2.
re-survey v. [rei-sur'vsei] : day s. S 32. 3. 7
say v. [S3ei]:««wy av. VA 253, 805; RL 1709,8
1797. + tfeory v. S 23. 5. + gay a. VA 284. +
lay v. RL 1797; S 101. 5.8 + - pt. RL 1618.
-f nay av. PP 19. 320. -f obey v. LC 132. + pay
v. S 79. 13. + sway s. LC 106. + they pn. S
59. 9. + way s. RL 629; S 50. 3.
slay v. [slaei] : away av. VA 765. -f decay s. RL 515.
+ way s. VA 624; RL 515.
stay s. [stgei] : decay s. S 15. 9.
— v. — -.assay v. LC 159. -f- away av. RL 1012;
S 74. 4, 92. 3, 143. 4. + day s. RL 1012; S 43. 12.
-f prey s. RL 423. + way s. VA 706, 873 ; RL
31 1,9 1364; S 44.4, 48.3; LC 159.
survey v. [surVseil : decay s. S 100. 9. 10 +fcey s. S 52. 3.10
sway s. [swaei] : say v. LC 108. n
displaie. 2 laie. 3 Mate. 4 ofcaiy. 5 praie.
7 re-suruay. 8 saz>. 9 state. 10 suruay.
11 swaie.
378-380.] RIMES IN ['aei him], [seim], [aeid]. 219
sway v. [swaei] : day s. S 150. 2.
they pn. [daei] : say v. S 59. 1 1 .
way s. [wsei] : assay v. LC 158. + bay s. VA 879. +
day s. RL 1144; S 7. 12, 34.3. -f decay s. RL
513; S 16. 1. * + lay pt. VA 828. + pay s. VA 90.
+ say v. RL 630; S 50. 1. + slay v. VA 623;
RL 513. + stay v. VA 704, 871; RL 309, 1365;
S 44. 2, 48. 1 ; LC 158.
378. Rimes in ['aei him].
delay him v. & pn. [de'lsei him] : stay him v. & pn.
RL 325.
stay him v. & pn. ['staei him] : delay him v. & pn.
RL 323.
379. Rimes in [aBim].
aim s. [aeim] : exclaim v. LC 310.2 + maim v. ib.2
exclaim v. [eks'klaeim] : aim s. LC 313.3 -f niaim v. ib.3
maim v. [maeim] : aim s. LC 312. 4 + exclaim v. ib.4
380. Rimes in [imd].
«/tf s. [aeid] : appaid pp. RL 912. 5 + bewray d pp.
RL 1696. 5 + convey' d pp. VA 1190.5 + decay' d
pp. S 79. I.6 + said pt. RL 1784. -\ -- pp. RL
912, 5 1696. 5
afraid a. [ae'fraeid] : dismay' d pp. VA 898. 7 + maid
s. LC 179. 8 + play'd pp. PP 18. 274. + said pp.
LC 179. 8
allay' d pp. [ae'laeid] : said pp. S 56. 3. 9
appaid pp. [ae'paeid] : «*# s. RL 914. 10 + said pp. ib.10
bewray'd pp. [bi'wraeid] : #2# s. RL 1698. n -f said
pp. ib.;11 PP 19. 352. 12
convey' d pp. [kon Vseid] : aid s. VA 1192.13
decay' d pp. [de'kaeid] : 0itf s. S 79. 3. 14
dismay' d pp. [dis maeid] : afraid a. VA 896. 15 + dis-
play' d pp. RL 273. 16
waie. 2 ayme. 3 exclaime. * maime. 5
wae. ayme. excame. mame. flztf
6 a^^. 7 affrayd. 8 affraid. 9 alaied. 10 apaide
11 bewraide. 12 bewraid. 13 conuaide. 14 decay de
15 dismayd. 16 dismaide.
220 [sei]- RIMES. [X.
display 'd pp. [dis'plaeid] : dismay 'd pp. RL 272. *
fore-betray 'd pp. ['for-bi'traeid] : maid s. LC 328. 2
laid pp. [laridl : maid s. RL 1212. 3
maid s. [maeid] : afraid a. LC 177. + f ore-betray' d pp.
LC 329. 4 -f laid pp. RL 1214. 5 + said pp. LC
177. + stay'd pt. RL 1277. 6
obey'd pt. [o'baeid] -.over sway' d pt. VA 111.7
oversway'd pt. [over'swaeid] : obey'd pt. VA 109. 8
pp. [plaeid] : afraid a. PP 18. 273. 9
pt. [saeid] : aid s. RL 1785.
— pp. —-.afraid a. LC 180. + aid s. RL 915, 10
1699. + allay' d pp. S 56. 1. -f appaid pp. RL
915. 10 + bewray' d pp. RL 1699; PP 19.351. +
maid s. LC 180. + stay'd pp. VA 333. "
stay'd pt. [staeid] : maid s. RL 1275. 12
- pp. —-.said pp. VA 331. 13
381. Rimes in [seit].
&«# s. [baeit] : conceit s. PP 4. 53. + straight av. S
129. 7. 14
conceit s. [kon'saeit] : &## s. PP 4. 51. -j- receipt s.
RL 701.
receipt s. [re'sasit] : conceit s. RL 703.
straight av. [straeit] : &## s. S 129. 5.
382. Rimes in [aein].
again av. (n) [ae'gaein] : brain s. VA 908, 15 1042. 15
+ disdain s. VA 499 ;15 RL 688. 15 + distain
v. RL 788. + entertain v. RL 1359. 15 -f II mane
s. VA 273. 15 + pain s. VA 1036 ;15 RL 688, 15
788. + plain a. VA 408. 15 + rain s. VA 960,15
966. 15 + slain pp. VA474,15 1020, 15 1113;15 S
22. 14. 15 + stain s. RL 1707 ;15 S 109. 6. 15 +
twain num. VA 121, 15 209. 15 + vain a. VA
769 ;15 RL 1666. %* For (i) see rimes in [en].
a-twain av. [ae-'twaein] : rain s. LC 6. 16
1 displaide. 2 fore-betrayed. 3 layd. 4 Maide.
5 mayd. 6 maide. 7 obayed. 8 ouer-swayed.
9 plaid. 10 saide. n s<^yfl?. 12 staide. 13 stayd.
382.] RIMES IN [aein]. 221
brain s. [braein] : again av. VA 910, x 1040. 1 + con-
tain v. S 77. II.1 4- remain v. S 122. 1.1
chain s. [tjsein] : disdain s. VA HO.2
complain v. [kom'plsein] : ^refrain v. PP 21. 387. 3 4-
ragfi s. S 28. 7. 3
contain v. [kon'tgein] : &r« w s. S 77. 9. 4
disdain s. [dis'daein] : agwifc av. VA 501 ;5 RL 691. 5
+ chain s. VA 112.5 + gain s. PP 16. 221. 5 +
pains. RL691;5 S132.2,5 140. 2; 5 PP16.221.5
4- raw s. VA 33, 5 394. 5 + remain v. RL 52 1.5
+ ste» pp. VA 241, 5 761. 5
distain v. [dis'taein] : again av. RL 786. 6 + />«/» s.
ib.6
entertain v. [enter'taein] : again av. RL 136 1.7
feign v. [fsein] -.remain v. fPP 8. 115. 8
gY*w s. [gaein] : disdain s. PP 16. 220. 9 + />«m s. RL
730,9 860; 9 S 141. 13;9 PP 16. 220. 9 + remain
v. RL 730. 9 + sustain v. RL 140. 4- ftewm num.
S 42. 9. 9
— v. — : main s. S 64. 5. 9
main s. [m3ein]:£#w v. S 64. 7. 10
maintain v. [maeiri'tgein] : reign v. S 121. 13. n
pain s. ^m}: again av. VA 1034 ;12 RL 690, 12
789. 12 4- rffcrfaiW s. RL 690; 12 S 132. 4, 12 140. 4; 12
PP 16. 219. 12 4- rf&toifc v. RL 789. 12 4- ^w s.
RL 733, 12 861 ; 12 S 141.14;" PP 16. 219. 12 +
remain v. RL 733. 12 + s/am pp. S 139. 14. 12
+ vain a. fPP 21.392."
plain s. [plaein] : r«m s. VA 236. 13 + remain v. RL
1247. 13
— a. — : again av. VA 407. 13 + rain v. VA 359.
- av. —\rain s. RL 1786.13
rain s. [rgein] : again av. VA 959, 965. 14 + a-twain
av. LC 7.14 4- ^/«i» s. VA 238. 14 4- - av. RL
1788. 4- rafUHK v. VA 799. 14
1 braine.
5 disdaine.
9 gaine.
2 chaine.
6 distaine.
10 maine.
13 plaine.
3 complaine.
7 entertaine.
11 maintaine.
14 raine.
4 containe.
8 faine.
12 paine.
222 [aei]- RIMES. [X.
rain v. [raein] : plain a. VA 360.
^refrain v. [re'f raein] : complain v. PP 21.388. x
reign s. [raein] : complain v. S 28. 5. 2. -f remain v.
RL 1451. 3 4- vein s. ib.3
— v. — : maintain v. S 121. 14. 2 + remainv. LC 127.2
raw s. — -.disdain s. VA 3 1,4 392. 4
remain v. [re'maein] : &ram s. S 122. 3. 5 -f- || dame
s. PP 18. 262. 5 4- disdain s. RL 519. 5 + tfeign
v. PP 8. 116.5 + gain s. RL 732. 5 + pain s.
ib.5 4- />/«*» s. RL 1249. 5 + rain s. VA 801. 5
-f reign s. RL 1453. 5 -\ v. LC 129. 5 + twain
num. S 36. 3, 5 39. 14 ;5 PT 48. > + vein s. RL
1453.6
slain pp. [stein] -.again av. VA 473, 6 1019, 6 1111 ;6
S 22. 13.6 + disdain s. VA 243, 6 762. 6 -f pain
s. S 139. 13. 6 + twain num. PT 28. 6 + vain a.
RL 1046. 6
stain s. [staein] : again av. RL 1708 ;7 S 109. 8. 7
sustain v. [sus'taein] : gain s. RL 139. 8
twain num. [twaein] : again av. VA 123,9 210. 9 -f
4- ^«iw s. S 42. II.9 4- ra««i» v. S 36. 1,9
39. 13 ;9 PT 45. 9 + slain pp. PT 25. 9
vain a. [VIEW]: again av. VA 771 ;10 RL 1665. 10
4- \pain s. PP 21. 391. 10 + slam pp. RL 1044. 10
vein s. — : reign s. RL 1454. 10 4- remain v. ib. 10
383. Rimes in [srinii)].
abstaining g. [aeb'stasinii]] : gaining g. RL 130. 4-
obtaining g. ib.
complaining g. [kom'plaeinii)] -.raining p. RL 1269.11
4- remaining p. RL 1570. n 4- sustaining g.
RL 1269, » 1570. J1
gaining g. [gaeiniij] : abstaining g. RL 131. + obtain-
ing g. ib.
obtaining g. [ob'tseinii)] : abstaining g. RL 128. +
gaining g. ib.
1 rejraine. 2 raigne. 3 raign. 4 raine. 5 remaine.
6 slaine. 7 staine. 8 sustaine. 9 twaine. 10 vaine.
11 complayning.
384-386.] RIMES IN [aein(e)d], [aeineO], ['aein him]. 223
plaining g. [plseinii)] : raining g. RL 559. *
raining g. [raeinii)] -.plaining g. RL 560. 2
- p. — : complaining g. RL 1271. * -\- sustaining g. ib.3
remaining p. [re'mseinii]] : complaining g. RL 1572.4
-|- sustaining g. ib. 4
sustaining g. [sus'taeinii)] : complaining g. RL 1272,
1573.5 + raining p. RL 1272. -f remaining p.
RL 1573. 5
384. Rimes in [aein(e)d].
chain' d pp. [tjaein(e)d] : obtain' a pp. RL 900. 6 +pain'd
pp. ib. 6
complain' d pt. [kom'plaein(e)d] : maintain' d pp. RL
1839. 7 -f stain' d pp. ib.7
maintain' d pp. [maein'tsein(e)d] : complain' d pt. RL
1838. 8 + 5to»W pp. ib. 8
obtain' d pp. [ob'tgein(e)d] : ctoM pp. RL 898. 9 +
paind pp. ib. 9
pain'd pp. [pgein(e)d] : chain d pp. RL 901. 10 -f obtain' d
pp. ib.10
ra&w'rf pt. [raein(e)d] : stain' d pp. S 109. 9. n
remain' d pt. [re'maem(e)d] : stain' d pt. RL 1742.
stain' d pt. [staem(e)d] : remain' d pt. RL 1743.
- pp. — : complain' d pt. RL 1836. 12 -f maintain' d
pp. ib.12 + reign' d pt. S 109. 11.
385. Rimes in [aeinee].
disdaineth v. [dis'daeinee] : staineth v. S 33. 13.
raineth v. [raeinee] : staineth v. VA 458.
staineth v. [staeinee] : disdaineth v. S 33. 14. 13 -f
raineth v. VA 460.
386. Rimes in [Vin him].
complain him v. & pn. [kom'plsein him] : disdain him
v. & pn. RL 845.14 -j- entertain him v. & pn. ib.u
1 planning. 2 rayning. 3 raigning. 4 remayn-
ing. B sustaining. 6 chained. 7 complained.
8 maintained. 9 obtained. 10 pained. n raign'd.
12 stained. 13 stainteh (misprint). u complaine him.
224 [aei] - RIMES. [X.
detain him v. & pn. [de'taein him]: restrain him v.
& pn. VA 577. l
disdain him v. & pn. [dis'dasin him] : complain im
v. & pn. RL 844. 2 + entertai .^m v. & p :. ib.2
entertain him v. & pn. [enter'taein him] : complai i him
v. & pn. RL 842. 3 + disdain him v. & pn. ib 3
restrain him v. & pn. [re'straein him]: detain him
v. & pn. VA 579. 4
387. Rime in ['aein mi:].
complain me v. & pn. [kom'plaein mi:] : || entertain
thee v. & pn. RL 598. 5
388. Rimes in [ai"nt|.
attaints, [ae'taeint] -.faint*. VA 74l.+paint v. RL 1072.
_ v. _ : saint v. PP 19. 344.
faint a. [faeint] : attaint s. VA 739.
paint v. [paeint] : attaint s. RL 1074.
v. [saeint] : attaint v. PP 19. 342.
389. Rimes in [minted].
acquainted pp. [ae'kwaeinted] : attainted pp. S 88. 5. -f
painted pp. S 20. 3.
attainted pp. [ge'taeinted] : acquainted pp. S 88. 7.
fainted pp. [faeinted] -.painted pp. RL 1543.
painted pp. [paeinted] : acquainted pp. S 20. 1. +
fainted pp. RL 1541.
390. Rime in ['aein di:].
entertain thee v. & pn. [enter'taein di:] : || complain me
v. & pn. RL 596. 6
391. Rimes in [aeinz].
contains v. [kon'taeinz] : remains v. S 74. 13 ; 7 LC 189.7
gains s. [gaeinz] : veins s. S 67. 12. 8
1 detaine him. 2 disdaine him. 3 entertaine him.
4 restraine him. 5 complaine me. 6 entertaine thee.
7 containes. 8 gaines.
392-395-] RIMES IN [ail], [ail(e)d], [seilz], [ai(,)r]. 225
plains s. [plaeinz] : swains s. PP 18. 290. *
remains v. [re'maeinz] : contains v. S 74. 14; 2 LC 188.2
restrains v. [re'strgeinz] : veins s. RL 426. 8
swains s. [swgeinz] : plains s. PP 18. 289. 4
veins s. [vaeinz] : gains s. S 67. 10. 5 -f restrains v.
RL 427. 5
392. Rimes in [aeil].
. [basil] :/«i7 s. S 133. 10. 6
jail s. [dsseil] : bail v. S 133. 12. 7
393. Rimes in
assailed pp. [se'saeil(e)d] -.prevailed pp. S 41.6.
prevailed pp. [pre'vseil(e)d] : assailed pp. S 41. 8.
394. Rimes in [aeilz].
assails v. [se'saeilz] : w#/7s s. RL 1562.8
nails s. [naeilz] : assails v. RL 1564. 9
395. Rimes in [»i(,)r].
o/r s. [aeiC)r] :/««r a. VA 1085; 10 RL 778; 10 S 21. 12,11
70. 4; 12 PP 17 (from LL 4. 3). 230. 12
despair s. [dis'pseiQr] :fair a. VA 743, 13 955 ;13 S
144. 1 13 = PP 2. 15. u + AaiJr s. S 99. 9. 13
— v. — : Aair s. RL 983. 13
fair a. (s.) [fcei(,)r] : air s. VA 1086 ;15 RL780;15 S
21.10,15 70. 2; « PP 17 (from LL 4. 3). 229. +
dfes/w«ir s. VA 744735 957 ;15 S 144. 3 15 = PP
2. 17. 15 + hair s. LC 206. 15 -f- heir s. S 6. 13, 15
127. I.15 + /ray*r s. RL 346 ;15 PT 66. 15 +
repair v. S 16. II;15 PT 66. 15
hair s. (n) [haei(,)r] : despair s. S 99. 7. 16 + - - v. RL
981. " -\-fair a. LC204.17 *^* For (i) see rimes
in [e:r].
1 plaines. 2 remaines. 3 restraines. * swaines.
5 vaines. 6 &a/^. 7 /dKfe. 8 assailes. 9 nailes.
10 ae><?. n oy^r. 12 d^yra 13 dispaire. 14 Despaire.
15 fair e. 16 haire.
Vie tor, Shakespeare's Pronunciation, I,
226 [a:] -RIMES. [XI.
heir s. — -.fair a. S 6. 14, * 127. 3. J
prayer s. [praeiQr] :/«/> a. RL 344; PT 67. + repair
v. ib.
r*/w«ir v. [re'paei(,)r] -.fair a. S 16. 9; 2 PT 65. 2 +
prayer s. ib.2
396. Rimes in [seiz].
assays s. [ae'saeiz] : delays s. RL 1720.3 -f soy5 v. ib.3
betrays v. [bi'traeiz] : days s. RL 160. 4
days s. [dseiz] : betrays v. RL 16 1.5 + decays v. S
65. 6. 6 + /#3>s s. S 102. 8. 5 + praise s. S 2.6,5
38. 13, 5 &c. (6). + - - v. S 62. 14, 5 106. 13. 6
decays v. [de'kaeiz] : days s. S 65. 8. 7 -f- prays v. RL
713. 8
delays s. [de'laeiz] : assays s. RL 1719. 9 -f- says v. ib.9
-f ways s. VA 909. 10
— v. — -.plays v. RL 552. 10
lays s. [lgeiz]:£fa;ys s. S 102. 6. n
obeys v. [o'baeiz] -.praise s. LC 229. 12 -f rfl/s<? v. ib. 12
v. [plaeiz; |: delays v. RL 553. 13
s. [praeiz] : ^0^5 s. S 2. 8, 38. 14, &c. (6) +
obeys v. LC 226. + raise v. ib. -f ways s. PP
19. 325.
— v. — : days s. S 62. 13, 106. 14.
prays v. — : decays v. RL 714. u
raise v. [raeiz] : obeys v. LC 228. + praise s. ib.
says v. [saeiz] : assays s. RL 1717. 15 -f delays s. ib.15
warys s. [waeiz] : delays s. VA 907. 1G -f praise s. PP
19. 323. 17
397. Rimes in [&ist].
play'st v. [plaeist] : sway'st v. S 128. I.18
sway'st v. [swaeist] : play'st v. S 128. 3. 19
. 2 repaire. 8 assaies. 4 betraies.
8 <to>s. c dayes. 7 decayes. 8 decaies. 9 delates.
10 delay es. n laies. 12 abates. 13 playes. u prates.
15 saz'^s. 16 w^^s. 17 waies. 18 playst. 19
398-402]. RIMES IN [a:], [aim], [aid], [alter], [am]. 227
XI, [a:]- RIMES.
398, Rimes in fa:].
awe s. [a:] : saw s. ("saying") RL 245.
draw v. [drai] : saw s. (the instrument) RL 1673.
maw s. [mai] : saw pt. VA 602.
raw a. [rai] : saw pt. RL 1592.
saw s. (the instrument) [sai] : draw v. RL 1672.
- s. ("saying") — : awe s. RL 244.
- pt. --\rnaw s. VA 604. -f raw a. RL 1590. -f
straw s. LC 10.
straw s. [strai] : saw pt. LC 8.
399. Rimes in [aim].
balm s. [ba:m]:palm s. VA 27. 1
palm s. [paim] : balm s. VA 25. 2
400. Rimes in [aid].
bawd s. [baid] : laud s. RL 623, 886. -f thaw'd pp. ib.
fraud s. [fraid] :o'erstraw'd pp. VA 1141.
laud s. [laid] : bawd s. RL 622, 3 887. 3 + thaw'd pp. ib.3
o'erstraw'd pp. [oir'straid] : fraud s. VA 1143. 4
thaw'd pp. [6aid] : bawd s. RL 884. 5 + laud s. ib. 5
401. Rimes in [aiter], or possibly [aixter].
daughter s. [dai(x)ter] : slaughter s. RL 953.
slaughter s. [slai(x)ter] : daughter s. RL 955.
402. Rimes in [am].
drawn pp. [drain] : sawn pp. LC 90. 6
sawn pp. [sain] : drawn pp. LC 91. 7
1 balme. 2 palme. 3 lawd. 4 ore-strawd.
5 thawd. 6 draixine. 7 sawne.
15*
228 [a:] -RIMES. [XL
403. Rimes in [ail].
all pn. [ail] : call v. S 40. 1, 109. 14, 117. 1. + fall v.
VA 720; LC 42.
call s. [kail] : withal prp. VA 849.
_ v. —:all pn. S 40.3, 109.13, 117.3. + fall v.
S 151. 13. + -^prodigal a. PP 21. 412.
'fall v. [fail]: a// pn. VA 719; LC 41. + call v. S
151. 14. + general a. RL 1483. + wall s. RL
466. 4- withal av. ib.
gall s. [qail]: thrall s. PP 18.270.
general a. [c^enerail] -.fall v. RL 1484. J
perpetual a. [per'petiuail] : tfm*// s. S 154. 10. 2 + -
a. RL 726. 2 + wall s. ib.2
-^prodigal a. [prodigail] : call v. PP 21. 41 1.3
thrall s. [erail] : gall s. PP 18. 266. -f perpetual a.
S 154. 12.
_ a. — : perpetual a. RL 725. -f w#// s. ib.
wall s. [wail] \fall v. RL 464. + perpetual a. RL
723. -f- thrall a. ib. + w/'/&«/ av. RL 464.
withal av. [widail], [wieail] -.fall v. RL 467. 4 -f
s. ib.4
- prp. —i call s. VA 847. 4
404. Rimes in [ail(e)d].
appalled pp. [2e'pail(e)d] : called pp. PT 37.
called pp. [ka:l(e)d] : appalled pp. PT 40.
405. Rimes in |a:(l)t|.
/iw/f s. [fa:(l)t] : torff v. S 89. I.5
A0/f a. [hai(l)t] : || to/& s. PP 19. 308.
_ v. _ . fault s. S 89. 3.
406. Rimes in [ailz].
calls v. [kailz] if alls v. S 124. 8.
•\falls s. [failz] : madrigals s. PP 20. 360. 6
1 generall. 2 perpetuall. 3 prodigail. 4 withall,
5 6
407-410.] RIMES IN [a:z], [a:k], [a:ks], [o:]. 229
falls v. [failz] : calls v. S 124. 6.
^madrigals s. [msedriga:lz] -.falls s. PP 20.359.
407. Rimes in [aiz].
cause s. [ka;z] : laws s. S 49. 14. + pause s. VA 220.
claws s. [klaiz] : laws s. RL 543. * -f pause s. ib. x
jaws s. [d;a:z] : paws s. S 19. 3. 2
/ams s. [laiz] : cause s. S 49. 13. 3 + cteo? s. RL
544.3 _|_ pause s. ib.s
pause s. [pa:z] : cause s. VA 218. + claws s. RL 541.
+ to#s s. ib.
paws s. — :jaws s. S 19. 1.4
408. Rimes in [aikj.
balk v. ("neglect") [ba:k]:/ww^ s. RL 696. 5
hawk's. [hz:k]:balk v. RL 694. 6
ta/£ s. [taik] : |! halt a. PP 19. 306. 7
409. Rimes in [aiks].
stalks v. [staiks] : walks v. RL 365. 8
walks v. [waiks] : stalks v. RL 367. 9
XII. [o:]- RIMES.
410. Rimes in [01], and possibly [o:u] (i. e. [ou]).
below av. [bi'loi(u)] : go v. VA 923.
blow s. [bloi(u)] : woe s. RL 1823.
_ v. _ : so av. RL 1663; PP 17 (from LL 4. 3). 235.10
+ woe s. RL 1663.
bow s. (the weapon) [bo:(u)] : doe s. RL 580.
crow s. [kro:(u)]:go v. PT 17. n
doe s. [do:]: bow s. (the weapon) RL 581. 12
1 clawes. 2 yawes (sic). 3 lawes. * pawes.
w&. 6 Hawke. 7 ^«/>&^. 8 stalkes. 9 walkes.
10 blowe.
230 [o:]- RIMES. [XII.
flow v. [flo:(u)] : woe s. S 30. 5.
foe s. [fo:] :go v. RL 77. -f know v. RL 471, 1608;1
|PP 21. 430. + show v. RL 471. + snow s. VA
364. 2 -f 50 av. RL 1035, 8 1196, 2 1683, l 1827. 1
+ woe s. RL 1608.1
glow v. [glo:(u)J : || brow s. VA 337.
go v. [go:] : below av. VA 924. + crow s. PT 20. +
foe s. RL 76. 4 -f grow v. S 12. 10. 4 + know
v. S 130. II.4 + slow a. S 51. 14. 4 + so av.
VA 379.
grow v. [gro:(u)] : || brow s. VA 141. + go v. S
12. 12. -f ow* v. RL 298. + show s. ib. ; S 69. 14,
93. 13. + - - v. S 83. 8. + so av. S 115. 14.
know v. [kno:(u)Ji/<?£? s. RL 473, 1607; fPP 21. 429.
+ go v. S 130. 9. + saddle-bow s. VA 16. +
s/sow s. PP 19.338. + — v. RL 473; S 53. 12,
77.7. + slow a. S 51.8. + so av. VA 1109;
RL 1058; S 13. 13, 140.8. + woe s. RL 1312,
1607; S 50.7; LC 62.
low a. [lo:(u)] : LC 21.
— av. — \no av. RL 1338. 5 + woe s. VA 1139.5
moe cp. [moi] : so av. RL 1479. + woe s. ib.
mow v. [mo:(u)] : || brow s. S 60. 12.
no av. [noil : low av. RL 1340. + so av. VA 852:
S 148.8.
overthrow s. [o(:)ver0ro:(u)] : woe s. S 90. 8. 6
owe v. [o:(u)] : grow v. RL 299. -f show s. ib. ; S
70. 14. + — v. RL 82. + so av. ib.
saddle-bow s. [saed,l-bo:(u)] : know v. VA 14. 7
show s. [Jbi(u)] -.grow v. RL 296; S 69. 13, 93. 14. +
know v. PP 19. 336. 8 + owe v. RL 296; S 70. 13.
+ so av. RL 1507, 1810; S 43.6, 54.9. + woe
s. RL 1507, 1810. '
— v. — :foe s. RL 474. -f grow v. S 83. 6. + know
v. RL 474; S 53. 10, 77.5. + owe v. RL 81. +
slow a. S 94. 2. 9 + so av. RL 81; S 105.2.
1 Foe. * fo. 3 Fo. 4 goe. 5 lo. G ouer-throw.
7 saddle bow. 8 shew. 9 showe.
411-414-] RIMES IN [o:p], [o:p,n], [o:pn,d], [oiment]. 231
slow a. [sloi(u)] :go v. S 51. 13. -f know v. S 51. 6.
-f show v. S 94. 4. + wo*? s. S 44. 13. 1
snow s. [sno;(u)] :/o? s. VA 362. + so av. RL 1218.
50 av. [so:]: blow v. RL 1664; PP 17 (from LL
4. 3). 236. + /o* s. RL 1036, 1197, 1681, 1826.
+ go v. VA 381. + grow v. S 115. 13. -f know
v. VA 1110; RL 1060; S 13. 14, 140.6. + moe
cp. RL 1481. + no av. VA 851 ; S 148. 6. -f owe
v. RL 79. + show s. RL 1510, 1811; S 43.8,
54. 11. _| v. RL 79; S 105.4. + snow s. RL
1217. -f woe s. VA 713, 840, 969; RL 1224,
1481, &c. (5); S 90.14, 127.14, 129.9. + -- a.
S 71. 6. + — int. VA 834.
woe s. [wo:] : blow s. RL 1821. H v. RL 1661. +
flow v. S 30. 7. + foe s. RL 1605. + know v.
RL 1310, 1605; S 50.5; LC 63. 2 + low a. LC
20. 2 H av. VA 1140. 2 + moe cp. RL 1482. +
overthrow s. S 90. 6. + show s. RL 1509,2 1808.
-f- slow a. S 44. 14. + so av. VA 714,2 839,2 967 ; 2
RL 1225, 1482, &c. (5); S 90. 13, 127. 13, 129. II.2
a. — :so av. S 71.8.
— int. — : 50 av. VA 833. 2
411. Rimes in [o:p].
hope s. [hoip] : scope s. S 29. 5.
scope s. [skoip] : hope s. S 29. 7. 3
412. Rime in [oip,n].
open a. [o:p,n] : || broken pp. VA 48; S 61. 1.
413. Rime in [o:pn,d].
open'd pt. [o:p,nd] : || betoken 'd pt. VA 451. 4
414. Rime in [oiment].
moment s. [moiment] : || comment v. S 15. 2.
1 sloe. 2 wo; and twice more, RL. 3 skope. 4 opend.
232 [o:]- RIMES. [XII.
415, Rimes in [o(:)waerd].
froward a. [fro(:)waerd] : || coward s. VA 570. -f
toward a. PP 4. 56.
toward a. [to(i)waerd] : || coward s. VA 1157. -f
froward a. PP 4. 55.
416. Rimes in [o:v|.
grove s. [groiv] : || love s. VA 865.
Jove npr. [d;o:v] : || love s. RL 568; PP 17 (from
LL 4. 3). 243.
417. Rime in |o(:)ver].
over av. [o(:)ver] : || lover s. VA 571.
418. Rimes in [o:t].
afloat av. |se'flo:t] : boat s. S 80. 9. 1
boat s. [bo:t] : afloat av. S 80. II.2
coat s. [koit] idote v. RL 205 ;3 LC 236. 4 -f note s.
RL 205 ;8 LC 236. 4
denote v. [de'noit] : dote v. S 148. 7.
dote v. [doit] : coat s. RL 207; LC 235. -f denote v.
S 148.5. + note s. VA 837; RL 207; LC 235.
+ - - v. S 141. 4.
note s. [no:t] : coat s. RL 208; LC 233. + dote v. VA
835; RL 208; LC 233.
— v. —-.dote v. S 141.2.
419. Rime in [oitii)].
a-doting g. [ae'doitiij] : || nothing pn. S 20. 10. 5
420. Rimes in [oiled].
doted pt. [doited] : noted pt. RL 416.
noted pt. [noited] : doted pt. RL 414.
1 afioate. 3 dote. 3 coate. 4 cote. 5 a dotinge.
421-422.] RIMES IN [o:te0], [om], AND PARTLY [o(:)n]. 233
421. Rimes in [oitee].
doteth v. [doitee] : noteth v. VA 1059.
noteth v. [noitee] : doteth v. VA 1057.
422. Rimes in [o:n], and partly [o(:)n |.
alone a. [aelom] : || anon av. S 75. 7. -f || Corydon
npr. PP 18.297. + gone pp. VA 382; S 4.9,
31. 12, 45. 7, 66. 14. + groan v. VA 786; S 131. 8,
133. 3. 4- -\moan s. PP 21. 380. 4 one num. RL
1480; S 36. 4, 39. 8, 42. 14, 105. 13; PP 9. 130. +
prone a. S 141.8. 4 stone s. VA 213.
bone s. [bo:n] : gone pp. VA 56. -f one num. VA 294 ;
LC 45.
foregone pp. [fo:rfgo(:)n] : moan s. S 30. 9. *
gwi* pp. [go(:)n] : alone a. VA 380; S 4. 11, 31. 10,2
45. 5, 66. 13. 4 bone s. VA 58. + groan v. RL
1360. 4 ^0«/z s. ib.; S 44. 10, 71. 14. 2 + none
pn. VA 390. 4 ow av. VA 1089 ;2 S 5.7.2 +
OH* num. VA 227, 520, 1071. + || sun s. VA 188.2
groan s. [groin] : || on av. S 50. 11. + throne s. VA
1044. 3
- v. — : alone a. VA 785;3 S 131. 6,8 133. I.4 +
gone pp. RL 1362.3 4 moan s. ib.3
loan s. [loin] : one num. S 6. 6. 5
moan s. [mom] : -\alone a. PP 21.379. 6 -[-foregone
pp. S 30. II.6 4 gwi* pp. RL 1363 ;6 S 44. 12, 6
71. 13. 5 4- groan v. RL 1363. 6 4 wo^ pn. *PP
18. 295. 7 4 sto»* s. LC 217. 6 4 II «/*>» av. S
149. 8. 6
none pn. [noin] : gone pp. VA 389. 4 *moan s. PP
18.298. 4 o»* num. RL 1162; S 8.14, 136.8;
PT 27, 47. 4 stone s. S 94. 1.
one num. (pn.) [om] : alone a. RL 1478; S 36. 2, 39. 6,
42.13, 105.14; PP 9.129. 4 6o»* s. VA 293;
LC 43. + gone pp. VA 228, 518, 1069. 4 loan
s. S 6.8. 4 w0W£> pn. RL 1161; S 8.13, 136.6;
PT 26, 46.
1 for-gon. 2 gon. 3 grone. 4 groane.
5 6 mone. 7 w0£ (misprint).
234 [o:]- RIMES. [XII.
prone a. [prom] : alone a. S 141. 6.
stone s. [stom] : alone a. VA 211. -f moan s. LC
216. -f none pn. S 94. 3.
throne s. [6ro:n] : groan s. VA 1043.
423. Rimes in [omzj.
groans s. [groinz] : moans s. RL 588, 1 797, l 975. J
-f stones s. ib. *
— v. - - : moans s. VA 829. *
moans s. [moinz] : groans s. RL 587, 2 798, 2 977. 2
H v. VA 831. 2 + stones s. RL 977. 2
stones s. [stoinz] : groans s. RL 978. -f moans s. ib.
424. Rime in [oil].
/tote s. [ho:l] : || soul s. RL 1175.
425. Rimes in [oir].
adore v. [ae'doir] : store s. RL 1835.
before av. [bi'foir] : door s. RL 1302. -f more cp.
S 40. 2, 85. 12; fPP 21. 421. + o'er av. S 30. 12.
+ shore s. S 60. 3. + store s. RL 693. -f swore
pt. RL 1847.
boar s. [bo:r]:gore v. VA 614.3 -f more cp. VA
71 1,4 900. 3 + sore s. PP 9. 126. 5 -f wo/r pt.
VA 1105.5
bore pt. — : restore v. LC 300.
door s. [do:r]:fe/<w av. RL 1301. 6 -f- ||/0#r num.
VA 448. 6 + WOTT cp. RL 337. 6
^OTT v. [qo:r]:boar s. VA 616. 7
more cp. [moir] : || abhor v. S 150. 9. -f &£/br£ av.
S 40. 4, 85. 10; fPP 21. 422. + boar s. VA 709,
899. + door s. RL 339. + o'er av. RL 1789. +
score v. S 122. 12. + shore s. VA 819; RL 1116.
+ store s. RL 98; S 11. 11, 37. 6, &c. (5) -f tore
pt. RL 1789.
1 grones. 2 mones. s boare. 4 bore. 5 Boare.
6 7 goare.
426-429-] RIMES IN [oiri], [oiriz], ['o:r di:], [0:6]. 235
o'er av. [oir] : before av. S 30. 10. 1 -f more cp. RL
1790. l + sore a. RL 1567. l + tore pt. RL. 1790.1
restore v. [re'stoir] : bore pt. LC 301.
5£0f£ v. [skoir] : more cp. S 122. 10. 2
s/wrtf s. [jbir] : before av. S 60. 1. + more cp. VA
817; RL 1114. + store s. S 64. 6.3
sore s. [soir] : froar s. PP 9. 128.
— a. — : 0W av. RL 1568.
store s. [stoir] : adore v. RL 1837. + before av. RL
692. + mor£ cp. RL 97; S 11.9, 37.8;, &c.
(5). + shore s. S 64. 8.
— v. — -.yore av. S 68. 13.
swore pt. [swoir] : before av. RL 1848.
tore pt. [to:r] : more cp. RL 1787. + o'er av. ib.
wore pt. [woir] : boar s. VA 1107.
yore av. [jo:r] : store v. S 68. 14.
426. Rimes in [oiri].
glory s. [glo:ri] : sorry a. RL 1523. 4 + story s. ib. ;
S 84. 6, 88. 8.
oratory s. [orgeto:ri] : story s. RL 815. 5
sorry a. [soiri] : glory s. RL 1524.6 + story s. ib.6
story s. [stoiri] : glory s. RL 1521 ;7 S 84.8, 88.6. +
oratory s. RL 813. 7 + sorry a. RL 1521. 7
427. Rimes in [oiriz].
glories s. [gloiriz] : stories s. VA 1014.
stories s. [stoiriz] : glories s. VA 1013.
428. Rime in [fo:r di:].
adore thee v. & pn. [ge'doir di:] : || abhor thee v. &
pn. PP 12. 165.
429. Rimes in [0:6], and in [o:(u)6].
both pn. [bo:Q] : growth s. S 99.10. + oath s. RL
572. + troth s. ib.
1 ore. 2 skore. 3 shoare. * glorie.
5 oratorie. 6 sorie. 7 storie.
236 [o:]- RIMES. [XII.
growth s. [gro:(u)6] : both pn. S 99. 12. + oath s. RL
1062. 4- troth s. ib.
oath s. [oie] : both pn. RL 569. l + growth s. RL
1061. + *ro# s. RL 569, l 883, 1061; LC 279. l
troth s. [tro:6] : both pn. RL 571. -f growth s. RL
1059. 4- oath s. RL 571, 885, 1059; LC 280.
430. Rimes in [o:z], and in [o:(u)z].
blows s. [blo:(u)z] : knows v. RL 832. 2
enclose v. [in'kloiz] : rose s. S 95. 4. 8
/0£S s. [to:z]:goes v. VA 620, 684; RL 988. 4
knows v. S 139.11. -f repose v. RL 936. 4
shows v. S 40.14. + those pn. RL 1460. 4 4
woes s. RL 936, 1460. 4
glows v. [glo:(u)z] : goes s. RL 47. 5 -f those pn. ib.5
goes v. [go:z]:/o*s s. VA 622, 683; RL 990. +
glows v. RL 46. + shows v. RL 1745. 4 #/os£
pn. RL 46. 4 wo^s s. RL 1494, 1504, 1745.
grows v. [qro:(u)zl : shows s. S 15. 1. 6 -f #zos£ pn.
S 142. II.6
knows v. [kno:(u)z] : &/oms s. RL 833. 7 4- foes s. S
139. 9. 7 4 overflows v. RL 1120.7
o'er/lows v. [o:r'flo:(u)z] : knows v. RL 1119.8
repose v. [re'poiz] :/0£S s. RL 933. 4 woes s. ib.
s. [roiz] : enclose v. S 95. 2. 9 4 those pn. S
. 10. 9
98. 10. 9 4 tfw-o^s v. VA 590.
shows s. [jb:(u)z] -.grows v. S 15. 3.10 4 woes s. LC
308. 10
_ v. —-.foes s. S 40. 13. 10 + goes v. RL 1748. 10
4 woes s. ib. 10
suppose v. [su'poiz] : those pn. S 57. 10.
those pn. [doiz] ifoes s. RL 1461. 4 glows v. RL 44.
4 goes v. ib. 4 grows v. S 142. 9. 4 rose s.
5 98. 12. 4 suppose v. S 57. 12. 4 -ze^s s. RL 1461.
1 oth. 2 blowes. 3 inclose. 4 -Fo^s. B glowes.
growes. 7 knowes. 8 oreflowes. 9 7?0s<?. 10 showes.
431-436-] RIMES IN [o:sTaen],[oisTon],[o:sTun],[o:st],&c. 237
throws v. [0ro:(u)z] : rose s. VA 592. 1
woes s. [wo:z] \foes s. RL 935, 1458. -f goes v. RL
1492, 1505, 1747. + repose v. RL 935. + shows
s. LC 307. H v. RL 1747. + those pn. RL
1458.
431. Rime in [oisiaen].
ocean s. [oisigen] : || motion s. RL 589. 2
432. Rime in [oiston], [orsTun].
motion s. [moision], [-Tun] : || ocean s. RL 591.
433. Rimes in [oist], and in [o(;)st j.
boast s. [bo(:)st] : lost pp. RL 1193.3
_ v. — -.cost s. S 91. 12. + ghost s. S 86. 11. +
lost pp. VA 1077. + most sup. S 25. 2. 3
ghost s. [goist] : boast v. S 86. 9.
host s. [hoist] -.post s. RL 3.
most sup. [moist] : boast v. S 25. 4. -f- || lost pp. S 152. 6.
post s. ("haste") [poist] : host s. RL 1.
434. Rimes in [oik].
cloak s. [kloik] : smoke s. RL 801 ;4 S 34. 2. 5
smoke s. [smoik] : cloak s. RL 799 ; S 34. 4.
spoke pp. [spoik] : stroke s. VA 943.
stroke s. [stroik] : spoke pp. VA 945.
435. Rime in [oik,n].
broken pp. [broik,n] : || open a. VA 47; S 61. 3.
436. Rime in [oik,nd].
betoken 'd pt. [biftoik,nd] : || open'd pt. VA 453. 6
throwes. z Ocean. 3 bost. * cloke. 5 cloake.
6 betokend.
238 [o]- RIMES. [XIII.
XIII. [o]- RIMES,
437. Rimes in [opt],
dropt pt. [dropt] : stopt pt. VA 958.
stopt pt. [stopt] : dropt pt. VA 956.
438. Rimes in [ops].
crops s. [krops] : water-drops s. RL 958.
water-drops s. [waster-drops] : crops s. RL 959. l
439. Rime in [oment].
comment v. [koment] : || moment s. S 15. 4.
440. Rimes in [ofer].
offer s. [ofer] : proffer s. PP 4. 54.
proffer s. [profer] : offer s. PP 4. 52.
441. Rimes in [oft].
oft av. [oft] : nought pn. PP 19. 339.
nought (i) pn. [noft] : oft av. PP 19. 340. %* For (n)
see rimes in [out], [ou(x)t].
442. Rimes in [pt].
blot s. [blot] -.forgot pp. RL 537. + got pp. S 95. 11.
+ lot s. RL 537. + not av. S 92. 13.
— v. — : not av. RL 192.
forgot pp. [for'got] : blot s. RL 536. + lot s. ib. -f
not av. S 71. 7, 149. 3. + wof v. PP 18. 253.
got pp. [got] : &/<tf s. S 95. 9.
&o£ a. [hot] : woJ av. LC 218.
lot s. [lot] : blot s. RL 534. + forgot pp. ib.
av. [not] : blot s. S 92. 14. + - - v. RL 190. +
forgot pp. S 71. 5, 149. 1. + hot a. LC 220. +
plot s. S 137.11.
1 water drops.
443-447-] RIMES IN [oted], [ot,n], [on], [ond], [oli]. 239
plot s. [plot] : not av. S 137. 9.
wot v. [wot] -.forgot pp. PP 18. 254.
443. Rimes in [oted].
allotted pp. [seloted] : rotted pp. RL 824. ' + unspotted
pp. ib.1
rotted pp. [roted] : allotted pp. RL 823. + unspotted
pp. ib.
unspotted pp. [un'spoted] : allotted pp. RL 821. -f
S rotted pp. ib.
444. Rimes in [ot,n].
forgotten pp. [for got,n] : rotten pp. S 81. 4.
rotten pp. [rot,n] -.forgotten pp. S 81.2.
445. Rimes in [on], or partly in [un],
anon av. [ae'non] : || alone a. S 75. 5.
Cory don npr. [koridon] : || alone a. PP 18. 296.
dispensation s. [dispen'saeisTon], [-Tun] : disputation s.
RL 248.
disputation s. [dispiu'tgeision], [-Tun] : dispensation s.
RL 246.
divination s. [divi'naeisTon] , [-Tun] : imagination s.
VA 670.
imagination s. [imged^i'ngeisTon], [-Tun] : divination s.
VA 668.
on av. [on] : gone pp. VA 1087 ; S 5. 5. + || groan
s. S 50. 9.
upon av. [u'pon] : || moan s. S 149. 6.
446. Rimes in [ond].
bond s. [bond] :fond a. RL 136.
fond a. [fond] : bond s. RL 134.
447. Rime in [oli].
folly s. [foli] : || dally v. RL 556. 2
1 alotted. 2 follie.
240 [o]- RIMES. [XIII.
448. Rimes in [olo: |.
follow v. [foloi] : || hallow v. VA 975.
449. Rimes in [olvii)].
resolving p. [re'zolvh)] : revolving p. RL 129.
revolving p. [re'volvii)] : resolving p. RL 127.
450. Rimes in [or], and partly in [er|.
abhor v. [geb'hor] : || more cp. S 150. 11.
conspirator s. [kon'spinetor], [-ter] : ravisher s. RL 769.
orator s. [orgetor] , [-ter] : publisher s. RL 30. 1 -f
singular a. ib. 1
451. Rime in [orje(:)d5].
forage v. [forse(:)d2;] : || courage s. VA 554. 2
452. Rimes in [oro:].
borrow v. [boroi] -.good-morrow s. VA. 861. -f
morrow s. RL 1083. -f sorrow s. VA 961 ; RL
1083, 1498. -f to-morrow av. PP 15. 209.
good-morrow s. [gud-'moroi] : borrow v. VA 859. 3
-f sorrow s. RL 1219. 3
morrow s. [moro:] : borrow v. RL 1082. -f- sorrow
s. ib., 1571 ; S 90. 7.
sorrow s. [soroi] : borrow v. VA 963; RL 1080, 1497.
-f good-morrow s. RL 1221. -f morrow s. RL
1080, 1569; S 90.5. + to-morrow av. VA 583,
671 ; PP 14. 186, 15. 203.
to-morrow av. [tu-'moroi] : borrow v. PP 15. 210. +
sorrow s. VA 585, 4 672 ;4 PP 14. 185, 4 15. 204.4
1 Orator. 2 forrage. 3 good morrow.
4 to morrow.
453'458-] RIMES IN [o(:)rm], [o(:)rmz], [o(:)rd], &c. 241
453. Rimes in [o(:)rm |.
form s. [fo(:)rm] : storm s. LC 99. l
storm s. [storm] -.form s. LC 10 1.2
454. Rimes in [o(:)rmz|.
forms s. [fo(:)rmz] : storms s. RL 1519.
storms s. [stormz] -.forms s. RL 1518.
455. Rimes in [o(i)rd], or partly in [u(:)rd].
afford v. [se'fo(i)rd] , [se'fu(i)rd] : lord s. RL 1305. +
word s. S 79. II.8
lord s. [lord] -.afford v. RL 1303.4
record s. [re'kord] : sword s. RL 1643. -f word s. ib.
sword s. [swo(:)rd], [swu(i)rd] : record s. RL 1640. +
won/ s. ib.
word s. [wo(:)rd], [wu(:)rd] : afford v. S 79. 9. -f record
s. RL 1642. + 5^or^ s. ib.
456. Rimes in [o(:)rded], [u(:)rded].
accorded pt. [ae'korded] : reworded pt. LC 3.
reworded pt. [re'wo(:)rded], [-wu(i)rded] : accorded pt.
LC 1.
457. Rimes in [o(i)rdz], [u(i)rdz],
affords v. [seffo(i)rdz]? [ge'fu(i)rdz] : words s. RL 1106;
S 85. 7, 105. 12.
/on*s s. [fo(:)rdz], [fu(:)rdz] : words s. RL 1329. 5
lords s. [lordz] : words s. RL 1609.6
swords s. [swo(:)rdz], [swu(:)rdz] : words s. RL 1421.
words s. [wo(:)rdz], [wu(i)rdz] : affords v. RL 1105;
S 85. 5, 7 105. 10. + /orris s. RL 1330. + lords
s. RL 1610. + swords s. RL 1420.
458. Rimes in [ort].
report s. [re'port] : short a. S 83. 5. + sort s. S 36. 14,
96. 14. + sport s. S 95. 8.
resort v. f re'zort] : short a. RL 989. -f sport s. ib. ;
S 96. 4.
1 forme. 2 storme. 8 affoord. * Lord.
5 foords. 6 Lords. 7 wordes.
Victor, Shakespeare's Pronunciation. I. J5
242 [o]- RIMES. [XIII.
short a. [Jort] : report s. S 83. 7. -f resort v. RL 991.
-f sport s. VA 23, 842; RL 991; PP 12. 161.
sort s. [sort] : report s. S 36. 13, 96. 13.
sport s. [sport] : report s. S 95. 6. -f resort v. RL
992; S 96.2. + short a. VA 24, 844; RL 992:
PP 12. 161.
459. Rimes in ['ort mi:].
sport me v. & pn. [sport mi:] : support me v. & pn.
VA 154.
support me v. & pn. [su'port mi:] : sport me v. & pn.
VA 152.
460. Rimes in [ortj].
scorch v. [skortj] : torch s. RL 314.
torch s. [tortj] : scorch v. RL 315.
461. Rimes in [orn].
born pp. [born] : forsworn pp. S 66. 2. l -f outworn
pp. RL 1759;1 S 68. 3. * + torn pp. RL 1759.1
forlorn pp. [for'lorn] -.forsworn pp. VA 725. 2 -f /zor/z
s. VA 1026. 2 + scorn s. VA 251. 2 + *thorn s.
PP 21. 381. 2
forsworn pp. [for'sworn] : born pp. S 66. 4. 8 -{-forlorn
pp. VA 726. 8 -f scom s. S 88. 4. 8 -f torn pp.
S 152. I.3
horn s. [horn]: for lorn pp. VA 1025. 4 -f- o'erworn
pp. VA 868. *
m>m s. [morn] -.forlorn pp. PP 6. 7 1.5 -f o'erworn
pp. S 63. 4. 2 + scora s. VA 2. 5
new-born pp. ['niu-'born] : scorn s. RL 1190. 6
o'erworn pp. ['oir'worn] : /wm s. VA 866. 7 -f 77/om
s. S 63. 2. 7
outworn pp. ['uwt'worn] : 60m pp. RL 1761 ;8 S 68. 1.8
+ torn pp. RL 1761. 8
scorn s. [skorn] -.forlorn pp. VA 252. <J -f- forsworn
pp. S 88. 2.10 + m>m s. VA 4.9 + new-born
pp. RL 1189.9
1 borne. 2 forlorne. 3 forsworne. 4 home.
8 morne. 6 w^w borne. 7 ore-worne. 8 out-worne.
9 scorne. 10 skorne.
462-466.] RIMES IN ['orn ij], ['orn mi:], ['or dii], &c. 243
sworn pp. [sworn] : thorn s. PP 17 (from LL 4. 3). 237. J
thorn s. [0orn] : \forlorn pp. PP 21. 382. 2 + sworn
pp. PP 17 (from LL 4. 3). 238. 3
torn pp. [torn] : born pp. RL 1762. 4 -1- forsworn
pp. S 152. 3. 4 + outworn pp. RL 1762. 4
462. Rime in ['orn ij].
scorn I v. & pn. ['skorn ij] : \\forlorn me pp. & pn.
PP 18. 264. 5 + I) mourn I v. & pn. ib.5
463. Rime in ['orn mi:].
forlorn me pp. & pn. [forlorn mi:] : || mourn I v. &
pn. PP 18. 265. 6 + || scorn I v. & pn. ib.6
464. Rime in ['or di:J.
abhor thee v. & pn. [geb'hor di:] : II adore thee v. &
pn. PP 12. 165.
465. Rimes in [ors].
force s. [tors]: horse s. VA 29; S 91.2.
horse s. [hors] :/ora? s. VA 30; S 91. 4. 7 + remorse
s. VA 258.
remorse s. [re'mors] : horse s. VA 257.
466. Rimes in [os].
across av. [ge'kros] : loss s. RL 1662.8
after-loss s. [gefter-los] : cross v. S 90. 4. 9
o-oss s. [kros]:/oss s. S 34. 12, 10 42. 12:11 PP
18.257."
— v. — : after-loss s. S 90. 2. "
dross s. [dros] : /oss s. S 146. 11. 12
/oss s. [los] : across av. RL 1660. 1S + cross s. S 34. 10, 18
42. 10 ;13 PP 18. 258. 13 + dross s. S 146. 9. 13
1 sworne. 2 thorne. z throne (misprint). 4 torne.
5 scorne L 6 forlorne me. 7 Horse. 8 acrosse.
9 ' 10 (misprint). n crosse. 12 drosse.
16*
244 [o]- RIMES. [XIII.
467. Rimes in [osed], [ost].
crossed pp. [krosed], [-ost] : engrossed pp. S 133. 8.
engrossed pp. [in'grosed], [-ost] : crossed pp. S 133. 6.1
468. Rimes in [ost].
cost s. [kost] : boast v. S 91. 10. + lost pp. PP 13. 180.
— v. — : lost pp. RL 146.
lost pp. [lost] : boast s. RL 1191. + — v. VA 1075.
-f cost s. PP 13. 179. H v. RL 147. -f || most
sup. S 152. 8.
469. Rimes in [old].
lock'd pp. [lokt] : rock'd pt. RL 260. 2
rock'd pt. [rokt] : lock'd pp. RL 262. 3
470. Rimes in [oks].
^flocks s. [floks] : rocks s. PP 20. 358.
Crocks s. [roks] -.flocks s. PP 20. 357. 4
471. Rimes in [or)].
along av. [ae'loi)] : || sung pp. VA 1093.
among prp. [ae'moi)] : belong v. LC 256. 5 -f strong
a. ib.6
belong v. [bi'loi)] : among prp. LC 254. -f strong a.
RL 1265; S 58.11; LC 254. + wrong s. RL
1265; S 88.13.
long a. [log] : song s. PP 19. 350. -f strong a. VA 295.
— av. — :song s. S 100. 1. -f strong a. RL 866;
S 73. 14. + throng v. RL 1782. + || tongue s.
RL 1468, 1616, 1782. -f wrong s. RL 1468. +
|| young a. RL 866; PP 12. 168.
song s. [soil] : long a. PP 19. 348. -f — av. S 100. 3. 6
-f || tongue s. S 17. 12, 102. 14. 6
1 ingrossed. 2 lockt. * rockt. 4 Rocks.
6 amonge. 6 songe.
472-474-] RIMES IN [ol)z], [oljger], [oi]. 245
strong a. [stroij] : among prp. LC 257. + belong v.
RL 1262; S 58.9; LC 257. + long a. VA 297.
H av. RL 865; S 73. 13. + || tongue s. LC
122. + wrong s. RL 1262. + II young a. VA420;
RL 865.
throng v. [0roi)] : long av. RL 1783. + [| tongue s. ib.
wrong s. [wroij] : belong v. RL 1264; S 88.14. -f
long av. RL 1467. + strong a. RL 1264. +
\\tongue s. VA 219, 329, 429, 1005; RL 80,
1462, 1467; S 89. II,1 112.8, 139.1; PP 5 (from
LL 4. 2). 69. + \\young a. S 19. 13.
472. Rimes in foijz].
belongs v. [bi'loijz] : wrongs s. S 92. 7.
songs s. [sogz] : | tongues s. VA 777.
wrongs s. [wrogz] : belongs v. S 92. 5.
473. Rimes in [oijger].
longer cp. [logger] -.stronger cp. RL 1765; S 28. 13.
stronger cp. [stronger] : longer cp. RL 1767; S 28. 14.
XIV. [oi]- RIMES.
474. Rimes in [oi], or partly in [ui].
annoy s. [ge'noi] : destroy v. RL 1370. + joy s. VA
497, 599; RL 1109;'S 8. 4. + Troy npr. RL 1370.
boy s. [boi], [bui] : coy a. VA 95. -f destroy v. VA
344. -f joy s. VA 403. + toy v. VA 32.
coy a. [koi] : boy s. VA 96.
destroy v. [de'stroi] : annoy s. RL 1369. + boy s. VA
346. + enjoy v. VA 1163. + joy s. RL 215. +
toy s. ib. + Troy npr. RL 1369.
enjoy v. [in'c^oi] : destroy v. VA 1164.
1 isoronge.
246 [oi]- RIMES. [XIV.
joy s. [d;oi] : annoy s. VA 498, 600; RL 1107; S 8. 2.
+ boy s. VA 405. + destroy v. RL 212. + toy
s. ib. + Troy npr. RL 1431.
toy s. [toi], [tui] : destroy v. RL 214. -f joy s. ib.
— v. — : boy s. VA 34.
Troy npr. [troi] : annoy s. RL 1367. -f destroy v. ib.
+ joy s. RL 1429. *
475. Rimes in [oin(e)d], [uin(e)d].
coined pp. [koin(e)d, [kuin(e)d] -.joined pp. PP 7. 93.2
joined pp. [o£Oin(e)dj, [d$uin(e)d] : coined pp. PP 7. 9 1.3
476. Rimes in [oil], [uil|.
boil v. [boil], [buil]: spoil s. VA 555. 4
foil s. [foil], [foil] : spoil s. LC 153. 5
spoil s. [spoil]. [spuil]:6oi7 v. VA 553. 6 + foil s.
LC 154. •
477. Rimes in [oild], [uild].
foil'd pp. [foild], [fuild] : toil'd pt. S 25. 10. 7
toil'd pt. [toild], [tuild] : foil'd pp. S 25. 12. 8
478. Rimes in ['oi di:].
destroy thee v. & pn. [de'stroi di:] : enjoy thee v. & pn.
RL 514. 9
enjoy thee v. & pn. [in'd^oi dii] : destroy thee v. &
pn. RL 512.
479. Rime in [oiz].
noise s. [noiz] : || voice s. VA 919.
480. Rimes in ['oiz it].
destroys it v. & pn. [de'stroiz it] : enjoys it v. & pn.
S 9. 12. 10
enjoys it v. & pn. [in'd^oiz it] : destroys it v. & pn.
S 9. 10. J1
1 Troy (in small capitals). 2 coyned. 3 ioyned.
* boile. 5 foile. 6 spoile. 7 foild. 8 toild.
9 destroie thee. 10 destroy es it. ll inioyes it.
481-485.] RIMES IN [ois], ['ouitfrfoGil)], ['ou mi:], &c. 247
481. Rimes in [ois].
rejoice v. [re'c^ois] : -z;o/c£ s. VA 977. *
£ s. [vois] : \\juice s. VA 134. + || noise s. VA
921. + r^bic* v. VA 978. 2
XV. [011] -RIMES.
482. Rimes in ['ou it], or possibly [ o: it].
bestow it v. & pn. [bi'stou it], [-'sto: it] : show it v.
& pn. S 26. 8.
know it v. & pn. ['knou it], ['kno: it] : owe it v. &
pn. VA 409.
owe it v. & pn. ['ou it], ['o: it] : know it v. & pn.
VA 411.
show it v. & pn. [Ton it], ['Jo: it] : bestow it v. & pn.
S 26. 6. 3
483. Rimes in [ounjl, or [o:ii]].
growing p. [grouii)], [gro:iij] -.knowing p. S 87. 11.
knowing p. [knouilj], [kno:ii)] : growing p. S 87. 9.
484. Rimes in ['ou mi:], or ['o: mi:].
know me v. & pn. ['knou mi:], ['kno: mi:] : owe me
v. & pn. VA 525.
owe me v. & pn. ['ou mi:], ['o: mi:] : know me v. &
pn. VA 523.
485. Rimes in [bud].
bestow' d pt. [bi'stoud]:glow'd pt. LC 326. 4 + ow'd
pp. ib.4
glow'd pt. [gloud] : bestow' d pt. LC . 324. 5 -f ow'd
pp. ib.5
ow'd pp. [oud] : bestow' d pt. LC 327. 6 -f glow'd pt. ib.6
1 reioyce. 2 voyce. z shew it. 4 bestowed.
B glowd. 6 owed.
248 [ou]- RIMES. [XV.
486. Rimes in |ounj.
blown pp. [bloun] : own a. VA 778. 1
known pp. [knoun] : own a. RL 239. 2
own a. [oun] : blown pp. VA 776. 3 -f known pp. RL
241. 3 + shown pp. S 69.6, 3 121. 10;3 fpp
21. 390. 8 + unknown pp. RL 35. 3
shown pp. [Joun] : own a. S 69. 8, 4 121.12; fpp
21. 389. *
unknown pp. [un'knoun] : own a. RL 34.
487. Rimes in [out], or possibly [ouxt].
bought pp. [bou(x)t] : thought s. RL 1067.
brought pp. [brou(x)t] : thought s. RL 1578; S 32. 11,
44.3.
fought pt. [fou(x)t] : sought pt. RL 1436.
nought pn. (n) [nou(x)t] : thought s. S 57. 11. + wrought
pp. VA 993. %* For (i) see rimes in [oft].
sought pt. [sou(x)t] -.fought pt. RL 1438. -f thought
s. RL 340; S 30. 3. + wrought pp. RL 340.
thought s. [6ou(x)t] : bought pp. RL 1065. + brought
pp. RL 1576; S 32. 9, 44. 1. + nought pn. S 57. 9.
+ sought pt. RL 338; S 30. 1. + wrought pp.
RL 338; S 44.9.
wrought pp. [wrou(x)t] : nought pn. VA 991. -f sought
pt. RL 341. + thought s. ib., S 44. 11.
488. Rimes in [oul|.
control s. [kon'troul] : soul s. S 125. 14. 5
_ v. —:soul s. RL 500, 6 1781 ;7 S 107. 3. 5
soul s. [soul] : control s. S 125. 13. 8 + — v. RL 498, 8
1779 ;8 S 107. I.8 + || hole s. RL 1176.8
489. Rimes in [ouliij].
controlling g. [kon'troulii)] : rolling g. S 20. 7. 9
rolling g. [rouliij] : controlling g. S 20. 5. 10
1 blowne. 2 knowne. 3 owne. 4 showne.
5 controule. 6 controull. 1 controll. 8 soule.
9 contro-wling. 10 rowling.
490- 49 *•] RIMES IN [ould], [ou(,)r]. 249
490. Rimes in [ould].
behold v. [bi'hould] : bold a. S 131.5. + cold s. RL
1143; S 73. 1. -f control? d pp. RL 447. + gold
s. VA 857; RL 857. + old a. RL 1758; S 22. 3; l
LC 71. + roll'd pt. RL 1395. + told pt. ib. +
— pp. RL 1326. + unfold v. RL 751, 1143. +
untold pp. RL 751.
bold a. [bould] : behold v. S 131. 7. + cold s. RL 1559.
+ — a. VA 401 ; PP 12. 163. + hold v. RL 1559;
S 122. 11. + told pp. RL 1282.
cold s. [kould] : behold v. RL 1145; S 73. 3.2 + bold
a. RL 1556. -f hold v. ib. + old a. RL 48. +
unfold v. RL 1145. + uphold v. S 13. 12.
_ a. _ . bold a. VA 402; PP 12. 163. + old a. VA
135; S 2. 14, 2 104. 3. 3 + told pt. VA 1124.
controll'd pp. [kon'trould] : behold v. RL 448. 4 + fold
s. RL 678. 4
fold s. (a pen for sheep) [fould] : controll'd pp. RL 679.
gold s. [gould] : behold v. VA 858; RL 855.
hold v. [hould]:&0/tf a. RL 1558; S 122.9. + cold
s. RL 1558. -f untold pp. S 136. 11.
old a. [ould] : fo^o/tf v. RL 1760; S 22. 1 ; 5 LC 73. +
cold s. RL 49. + — a. VA 133; S 2. 13, 5 104. 1.
+ told pp. S 76. 13, 123. 6,5 138. 10 == PP 1. 10.
roll'd pt. [rould] : behold v. RL 1398.6 + told pt. ib.6
told pt. [tould] : behold v. RL 1397. + cold a. VA
1126. + roll'd pt. RL 1397.
_ pp. —: behold v. RL 1324. + bold a. RL 1284.
+ old a. S 76. 14, 123. 8, 7 138. 12 = PP 1. 12.
unfold v. [un'fould] : behold v. RL 754, 1146. + cold
s. ib. + untold pp. RL 754.
untold pp. [un'tould] : behold v. RL 753. + hold v.
S 136. 9. -f unfold v. RL 753.
uphold v. [up'hould] : cold s. S 13. 10.
491. Rime in [ou(,)r].
four num. [fou(,)r] : || door s. VA 446. 8
1 behould. 2 could. 3 colde. 4 controld.
5 o«/fl?. 6 ro/fl?. 7 tould. 8 Joure.
250 [ui]- RIMES. [XVI.
492. Rimes in ['ou dem], or ['o: dem].
bestow them v. & pn. [bi'stou dem], [-'sto: dem] : owe
them v. & pn. LC 139.
owe them v. & pn. ['ou dem]. ['o: dem] : bestow them
v. & pn. LC 140.
493. Rimes in [oust].
bestow' st v. [bi'stoust] : grow'st v. S 11.3.
grow'st v. [g roust] : bestow' st v. S 11. 1. 4- ow'st v.
S 18. 12. + show'st v. S 126. 4.
ow'st v. [oust] : grow'st v. S 18. 10.
show'st v. [Joust j : grow'st v. S 126. 3. l
XVI, [u:]- RIMES.
494. Rimes in [u:].
do v. [du:]:foo av. S 88. II.2
too av. [tu:] : do v. S 88. 9.
wwfo prp. [un'tur] : *woo v. LC 181.
*woo v. [wu:] : //;/&> prp. LC 182. 3
495. Rime in [uiii)].
wooing g. [wuiii)] : || suing p. VA 358.
496. Rimes in ['u: him].
fto him prp. & pn. ['tu: him] : woo him v. & pn.
PP U. 146.
unto him prp. & pn. [un'tu: him] : woo him v. & pn.
VA 5.
woo him v. & pn. ['wu: him] : ffo him prp. & pn.
PP 11. 144. 4 -f unto him prp. & pn. VA 6.
shou'st. 2 <s?0£. 3 vow (i. e. iwztJ, misprint).
* wooe him.
497*5°°] RIMES IN ['u: her], [u:m], [u:v], urvii)]. 251
497. Rimes in ['u: her].
unto her prp. & pn. [un'tu: her] : woo her v. & pn.
VA 307.
woo her v. & pn. [fwu: her] : unto her prp. & pn.
VA 309.
498. Rimes in [u;m].
doom s. [du:m]:come v. S 107. 4, l 116. 12, l 145.7. 2
-f groom s. RL 672. x + J?om^ npr. RL 717, l
1849. ! -f- room s. S 55. 12. '
entomb v. [mtuim] : || dumb a. RL 1121.3
groom s. [gruim] : fifoom s. RL 67 1.4 + Rome npr.
RL 1645. 5
Rome npr. [ruim] : aoom s. RL 715, 1851. 6 + groom
s. RL 1644. «
room s. — : doom s. S 55. 10. 7
tomb s. [tu:m] : come v. S 17. 3. 8 + || dumb a. S 83. 12,8
101. II.8 + womb s. S 3.7.8
womb s. [wuim] : tomb s. S 3. 5. 9
499. Rimes in [u:v].
approve v. [ae'pruiv] : love s. S 147. 7. 10 + — v. S 70. 5.
move v. [muiv] : love s. S 47. 11 ; fPP 20. 367, 20. 371.
+ - v. VA 435.
prove v. [pruiv]:love s. VA 40, 597; RL 613; S
10. 12, 32. 13, &c. (8); PP 3 (from LL 4. 3). 33,
5 (from LL 4. 2). 59, |20. 354. + - v. S 72. 4,
117. 13. n + remove v. RL 613.
remove s. [re'muiv] : love s. PP 18. 256.
_ v. _ . love s. VA 186; RL 614; S 116. 4; LC 237.
+ - - v. VA 81. + prove v. RL 614.
reprove v. [re'pruiv] : love s. VA 787.
500. Rimes in [uivii)].
moving g. [muivin] : loving g. S 26. 9.
removing g. [re'muivii)] : loving g, RL 243. 12 -f re-
proving g. ib. 12
1 doome. 2 dome. 3 intombe. 4 groome.
5 Groome. 6 Roome. 1 roome. s tombe. 9 wombe.
10 approoue. n prooue; and once more, S. 12 remoouing.
252 [u:]- RIMES. [XVI.
reproving g. [re'pruivii)] : loving g. RL 242 ; l S 142. 4.1
-f removing g. RL 242. l
501. Rimes in |u:v(e)d].
removed pp. [re'mu:v(e)d] : beloved pp. S 25. 14.
proved pp. [pru:v(e)d] : loved pt. S 116. 13. -| -- pp.
VA 60S.2
502. Rime in | u:v her].
approve her v. & pn. [ae'pruiv her] : love her v. & pn.
S 42.8.8
503. Rime in ['uiv mi:].
prove me v. & pn. ['pruiv mi:] : jj love thee v. & pn.
S 26. 14.
504. Rimes in [u:f].
aloof av. [se'luif] : behoof s. LC 166. 4 + proof s. ib.4
behoof s. [biTmif] : aloof av. LC 165. 5 + proof s. ib.5
s. [pruif] : aloof av. LC 163. 6 + behoof s. ib.6
505. Rimes in [u:cl], and partly [u(:)d].
brood s. [bru:d] : blood s. S 19. 2.
food s. [fu:d] -.flood s. RL 1115. + good s. ib.
livelihood s. [lijvlihu(:)d] : ^oofi? s. VA 26. 7
woo^ s. [muid] : blood s. LC 201. + good s. RL 1273.
-|- understood pp. LC 201.
stood pt. [stu(:)d] : &/00tf s. VA 1121, 1170; RL 1740.
+ flood s. RL 265, 1740; PP 6.83.
understood pp. [under'stu(:)d] : blood s. LC 200. -f
mood s. ib.
506. Rimes in [u:t].
foot s. [fu:t] : root s. RL 664. 8
root s. [ru:t] -.foot s. RL 665. 9
1 reproouing. 2 prou'd. 3 approoue her. 4 aloof e.
6 behoof e. 6 proof e. 7 liuelyhood.
507-5*3-] RIMES IN [u:n], [u:l], [u:ld], u:lz], &c. 253
507. Rimes in [u:n],
moon s. [mum] -.soon av. RL 371 ;x *PP 15. 207. 2
noon s. [num] : || son s. S 7. 13.
soon av. [sum] : moon s. RL 370; PP 15. 205. 8
508. Rimes in [uil].
fool s. [tuil] : school s. RL 1819. 4
school s. [skuil] i fool s. RL 1820. 5
509. Rimes in [uild].
cool'd pp. [kuild] : should pt. VA 387. 6
should pt. [Juild] : cool'd pp. VA 385.
510. Rimes in [uilz].
fools s. [fuilz] : schools s. RL 1016. 7
schools s. [skuilz] i fools s. RL 1018. 8
511. Rimes in [u:z].
choose v. [tjuiz] : lose v. S 64. 13.
lose v. [lu:z] : choose v. S 64. 14. 9
XVII. [u]- RIMES.
512. Rimes in [ub,l].
double v. [dub,l] : trouble s. VA 521.
trouble s. [trub,l] : double v. VA 522.
513. Rimes in [ubled], [ub,ld].
doubled pp. [dubled], [dub,ld] : troubled pp. VA 1067.
redoubled pp. [re'dubled], [-'dub,ld] itroubledpp. VA832.
1 Moon. 2 an houre, for a moon (misprint). 3 soone.
*]foole. 5 schoole. 6 coold. 7 fooles, 8 schooles.
9 loose.
254 [u]- RIMES. [XVII.
troubled pp. [trubled], [trub,ld] : doubled pp. VA 1068.
+ redoubled pp. VA 830.
514. Rimes in [ub,lz].
doubles s. [dub,lz] : troubles s. VA 682.
troubles s. [trub,lz] : doubles s. VA 680.
515. Rimes in [up].
Clip s. [kup] : up av. S 114. 12.
up av. [up] : cup s. S 114. 10.
516. Rimes in [upted].
corrupted pp. [ko'rupted] : interrupted pp. RL 1172.
interrupted pp. [inte'rupted] -.corrupted pp. RL 1170.
517. Rimes in [urn], or partly in |u(:)m].
come v. [ku(:)m] : doom s. S 107.2, 116.10, 145.5.
-f some pn. RL 1443. -f sum s. S 49. 1. -f tomb
s. S 17. 1.
dumb a. [dum] : || entomb v. RL 1123.1 + || tomb s.
S 83. 10, 2 101.9.
some pn. [sum] : come v. RL 1445.
sum s. — : come v. S 49. 3. 8
518. Rimes in [umz].
comes v. [kumz] : sums s. LC 230.
sums s. [sumz] : comes v. LC 23 1.4
519. Rimes in [uv], [u(:)v],
above av. [ae'buv] : love s. S 110. 6.
dove s. [duv] : love s. PP 9. 119;5 PT 50. 6
1 dumbe. 2 dombe. z summe. 4 summes.
5 Doue. 6 Doue (in italics).
520-524.] RIMES IN [u(i)vii)], [u(:)v(e)d], [u(:)ver], &c. 255
love s. [lu(:)v] : above av. S 110.8. -f approve v. S
147.5. + dove s. PP 9. 117; PT 51. l + \\grove
s. VA 867. + \\Jove npr. RL 570; PP 17 (from
LL 4. 3). 244. * + move v. S 47. 9; fPP 20. 368, x
20. 372. ! + prove v. VA 38, 595; RL 611; S
10.10, 32.14, &c. (8); PP 3 (from LL 4. 3). 35,
5 (from LL 4. 2). 57; 420. 353. 1 + remove s. PP
18.255. + — v. VA 185; RL 611; S 116.2;
LC 238. + reprove v. VA 789.
— v. — : approve v. S 70. 7. + move v. VA 433. +
prove v. S 72. 2. + remove v. VA 79.
520. Rimes in |u(:)vii)].
loving g. [lu(i)vii)] : moving g. S 26. 11. -f removing
g. RL 240. + reproving g. RL 240; S 142.2.
521. Rimes in [u(:)v(e)d].
beloved pp. [bi'lu(i)v(e)d] : removed pp. S 25. 13.
loved pt. [lu(:)v(e)d] -.proved pp. S 116. 14.
_ pp. —-.proved pp. VA 610. 2
522, Rimes in [u(i)ver].
cover v. [kuver] : lover s. S 32. 2.
lover s. [lu(:)ver] : cover v. S 32. 4. 3 -f \\over av.
VA 573.
523. Rimes in [uverdj.
cover 'd pt. [kuverd] : hover' d pt. LC 317. 4 + lover' d
pp. ib.4
hover' d pt. [huverd] : cover' d pt. LC 319. 5 + lover' d
pp. ib.5
lover1 d pp. [luverd] : cover9 d pt. LC 320. 6 -f hover' d
pt. ib.6
524. Rime in [u(:)v her].
love her v. & pn. ['lu(:)v her] : approve her v. & pn.
S 42. 6.
1 Loue. 2 lou'd. 3 Louer. 4 couerd. B houerd.
6 louerd.
256 [u]- RIMES. [XVII.
525. Rime in ['u(:)v di:].
love thee v. & pn. ['lu(i)v di:l : I! prove me v. & pn.
S 26. 13.
526. Rimes in [uf].
enough a. [i'nuf] : rough a. VA 235. 1
rough a. [ruf] : enough a. VA 237.
527. Rimes in [ud], and in [u(:)d].
blood s. [blu(i)d] : brood s. S 19. 4. + flood s. RL 655.
1738;2 LC 47. + good s. RL 655, 1029; S 109. 10.
+ - - a. VA 1182; S 121.6; LC 162. + mood s.
LC 198. -f mud s. LC 47. + stood pt. VA 1122, 2
1169;2 RL 1738. 2 -f understood pp. LC 198. -f
wood a. VA 742.
bud s. [bud] : mud s. RL 848; S 35. 4.
_ v. —-.good s. PP 13.171.
flood s. [flu(:)d] : blood s. RL 653, 1741; LC 44. 3
-f food s. RL 1118. + good s. RL 653, 1118.
+ mud s. LC 44. 8 + stood pt. RL 266, 1741;
PP 6. 84. + wood s. VA 824.
good s. [gu(:)d] : blood s. RL 656, 1028, S 109. 12.
+ bud v. PP 13. 169. + flood s. RL 656, 1117.
-f food s. ib. + livelihood s. VA 28. -f mood
s. RL 1274.
— a. —-.blood s. VA 1181; S 121.8; LC 164.
mud s. [mud]: blood s. LC 46. + bud s. RL 850;
S 35.2. -{-flood s. LC 46.
wood s. [wu(:)d] -.flood s. VA 826.
— a. — : blood s. VA 740.
528. Rime in [uder].
shudder v. [Juder] : || adder s. VA 880.
529. Rimes in [udz].
•\buds s. [budz] : studs s. PP 20. 365.
\studs s. [studz] : buds s. PP 20. 366.
1 inough. 2 bloud. 3 flud.
53°'S32-] RIMES IN [utj], [un], [under]. 257
530. Rimes in [utj].
much pn. [mutj] : touch v. VA 442.
-\such pn. [sutf] : touch s. PP 8. 109.
\touch s. [tutf]:such pn. PP 8. 107. 1
- v. — : much pn. VA 440.
531. Rimes in [un].
begun pt. [bi'gun] : done pp. LC 12. + gun s. VA
462. + *nun s. LC 262. -f sun s. RL 374;
LC 12.
- pp. —\done pp. VA 845; 2 RL 26. 2 + sun s. ib.2
done pp. [dun] : begun pt. LC II.8 + — pp. VA
846 ;3 RL 23. + sun s. VA 197, 749, 3 802 ;8
RL 23; S 24.9, 35. 1, 59.8; LC II.3
dun a. — : sun s. S 130. 3.
gun s. [gun] -.begun pt. VA 461.
nun s. [nun] : begun pt. LC 260. 4 + shun v. LC 232.5
run v. [run] -.undone pp. VA 78 1.6
shun v. [Jun] : nun s. LC 234.
son s. [sun] : || noon s. S 7. 14. 7 -f won pp. S 41. 7.7
sun s. ---.begun pt. RL 372; 8 LC 9.8 -\ pp.
RL 25. 8 + done pp. VA 198, 9 750, 7 800; 9
RL25;8S 24. 11, 10 35. 3,8 59.6;8LC9.8 + dun
a. S 130. I.8 + \\gone pp. VA 190.
undone pp. [un'dun] : run v. VA 783.
won pp. [wun] : son s. S 41.5. n
532. Rimes in [under].
asunder av. [aef sunder] : thunder s. VA 266. + wonder
s. PT 29.
in sunder av. [in 'sunder] : under prp. RL 388.
thunder s. [eunder] : asunder av. VA 268. -f wonder
s. PP 5 (from LL 4. 2). 67.
under prp. [under] : in sunder av. RL 386. -f wonder
v. VA 746.
1 tuck. 2 begunne. 3 donne. 4 Sunne,
for .Afott (misprint). 5 TVww. 6 ronne. 7 sonne.
8 Sunne. 9 sunne. 10 Sww. u wonne.
Vie'tor, Shakespeare's Pronunciation. I. 17
258 [u]- RIMES. [XVII.
wonder s. [wunder] : asunder av. PT 32. -f thunder
s. PP 5 (from LL 4. 2). 65.
— v. — : under av. VA 748.
533. Rimes in [unz].
nuns s. [nunz] : sons s. VA 752. l
sons s. [sunz] : nuns s. VA 754. *
534. Rimes in [nines).
dullness s. [dulnes] -.fullness s. S 56. 8. 3
fullness s. [fulnes] : dullness s. S. 56. 6. 4
535. Rimes in [ur].
ncur v. [in'kur] : stir (stur) s. RL 1473.
spur s. [spur] : sfcir (stur) s. VA 285. 5
stir (i. e. star) s. [star] -.incur v. RL 147 1.6 4-
s. VA 283. 7
536. Rime in [urse(:)d§].
courage s. [kurae(:)d2;] : ||/0rag-£ v. VA 556.
537. Rimes in [urd;].
purge v. [purd^] : urge v. S 118.4.
urge v. [urd^] : purge v. S 118.2.
538. Rimes in [urn].
burn v. [burn] : overturn v. S 55. 7. 8 -f turn s. VA 94.8
overturn v. [over 'turn] : #z/r/z v. S 55. 5. 9
s. [turn] : burn v. VA 92. 10
539. Rimes in ['urn ij|.
mourn I v. & pn. ['murn ij] : \\forlorn me pp. & pn.
PP 18. 263. » + || scorn / v. & pn. ib.
1 Nuns. 2 suns. 3 dulnesse. 4 fulnesse.
5 spurre. 6 stur. 7 sturre. 8 burne. 9 ouer-turne.
10 turne. n morne I.
540-547 •] RIMES IN [urnii]], [urneO], [urnd], [urlz],&c. 259
540. Rimes in |urnii]|.
a-turning g. [se-'turnii]] : || out-burneth v. PP 7. 100. l
burning p. [burnii]] : turning g. VA 142.
turning g. [turnirj] : burning p. VA 140.
541. Rime in [urnee].
out-burneth v. [uwt-'burne0] : || a-turning g. PP 7. 98.2
542. Rimes in [urnd].
burn'd pp. [burnd] : turn'd pp. S 104. 7.
turn'd pp. [turnd] : burnd pp. S 104. 5.
543. Rimes in [urlz].
curls s. [kurlz] : hurls v. LC 85. 3
hurls v. [hurlz] : curls s. LC 87. 4
544. Rimes in [urder].
further cp. [f urder] : murther s. VA 905.
murther s. [murder] -.further cp. VA 906.
545. Rimes in [ure].
forth av. [fur0] : worth s. S 38. 11, 103. 1. -\ a.
VA 416; S 72.13; LC 269.
worth s. [wure] -.forth av. S 38. 9, 103. 3.
- a. - i forth av. VA 418; S 72. 14; LC 267.
546. Rimes in [ursj.
curse s. [kurs] : worse cp. S 84. 13.
nurse s. [nurs] : worse cp. VA 773. 5
worse cp. [wurs] : curse s. S 84. 14. -f nurse s. VA
774.
547. Rimes in [urst].
accurst pp. ' [se'kurst] : \\first av. VA 1120.
curst pp. [kurst] : ^ first av. VA 887.
first av. [furst], [first] : accurst pp. VA 1 1 18. -f c//rs£
pp. VA 888.
1 a turning. 2 out burneth. * curies. 4 hurles.
5 nourse.
17*
260 [u]- RIMES. [XVII.
548. Rimes in [urk].
lurk v. [lurk] : work v. PP 19. 337. '
work v. [wurk]:lurk v. PP 19.335.2
549. Rimes in [us].
credulous a. [krediulus] : ridiculous a. VA 986.
overplus s. [Wer'plus] : thus av. S 135. 2. 3
ridiculous a. [ri'dikiulus] : credulous a. VA 988.
thus av. [dus] : overplus s. S 135. 4.
550. Rimes in [ust].
dust s. [dust] : lust s. RL 1381. -f thrust pp. ib.
just a. [dgust] : lust s. RL 159. -f mistrust v. VA
1156; RL 1514. + self-trust s. RL 159. -f thrust
v. RL 1514.
lust s. [lust] : dust s. RL 1384. -f just a. RL 156. -f
mistrust s. RL 282, 1354. + self-trust s. RL 156.
-f thrust pp. VA 42; RL 1384. + trust v. S
129. 2. -f unjust a. RL 188, 282.
mistrust s. [mis'trust] : lust s. RL 284, 1352. -f unjust
a. RL 284.
- v. —\just a. VA 1154; RL 1516. -f thrust v. ib.
self-trust s. ['self-'trust] :/W5/ a. RL 158. -f lust s. ib.
thrust v. [erust] :y//s£ a. RL 1517. -f mistrust v. ib.
+ trust s. S 48. 2.
— pp. — : dusts. RL 1383. + lust s. VA 41 ; RL 1383.
trust s. [trust] : thrust v. S 48. 4. + zwy*/s£ a. S
138.11; PP 19.329.
- v. — : lust s. S 129. 4.
unjust a. [un'd;ust] : /ws£ s. RL 189, 285. -f mistrust
s. ib. -f /msf s. S 138.9; PP 19.331.
551. Rimes in [usti].
rusty a. [rusti] : trusty a. PP 7. 88.
trusty a. [trusti] : rusty a. PP 7. 86. 4
1 lurke. 5 worke. 8 ouer-plus. * trustie.
552-557-] RIMES IN [u/ez],[uk],[ukt],[ui)],[ui)z]f[uw]. 261
552. Rimes in [ujez].
bushes s. [bujez] : rushes v. VA 630.
rushes v. [rujez] : bushes s. VA 629.
553. Rimes in |uk].
luck s. [luk]: pluck v. S 14. 3. 1
pluck v. [pluk] : luck s. S 14. I.2
554. Rimes in [ukt].
pluck 'd pp. [plukt] : suck'd pp. VA 574. 8
suck'd pp. [sukt]: pluck' 'd pp. VA 572. 4
555. Rimes in [in]].
sung pp. [sui)] : || along av. VA 1095. 5
tongue s. [tug] : | long av. RL 1465, 1617,6 1780. +
:| /
> 17.
song s. S 17. 10, 102. 13. + || strong a. LC 120.
+ || throng v. RL 1780. + || wrong s. VA217, 330,
427,6 1003; 6 RL 78, 1463,6 1465; S 89. 9, 112. 6, 7
139. 3; 8 PP 5 (from LL 4. 2). 70. 8 -{-young a.
S 138.7 — PP 1.7,8 1. II,8 |20.370.8
young a. [jug] : || long av. RL 863 ;9 PP 12.166.
4- \\strong a. VA 419 ;9 RL 863. 9 + tongue s.
S 138.5 = PP 1.5, 1.9, |20.369. -f || wrong
s. S 19. 14.
556. Rime in [uijz].
tongues s. [tugz] : || songs s. VA 775.
XVIII, [uw]- RIMES.
557. Rimes in [uw].
allow v. [ge'luw] : bow v. RL 1845. + brow s. S 19. 11,
112.4.10 + vow s. RL 1845.
bough s. [buw] : now av. VA 37; S 102. II.11
1 lucke. 2 plucke. 3 pluckt. 4 suckt. B song.
6 tong. 7 lounge. 8 toung. 9 yong. 10 alow-
11
262 [uw]- RIMES. [XVIII.
bow v. — : allow v. RL 1846. -f now av. VA 99,
1061 ; S 90. 3. + vow s. RL 1846.
brow s. [bruw] : allow v. S 19.9, 112.2. + \\glow
v. VA 339. + || grow v. VA 139. + how av. RL
749, 807. + || mow v. S 60. 10. + now av. S
2. 1, 33. 10, &c. (5). + vow s. RL 807.
how av. [huw] : brow s. RL 748, 810. + now av.
S 101. 13. + vow s. RL 810.
now av. [nuw]: bough s. VA 39; S 102.9. + bow
v. VA 97, 1062; S 90. 1. + brow s. S 2. 3, 33. 12,
&c. (5). + how av. S 101. 14.
vow s. [vuw] : allow v. RL 1843. -f bow v. ib. -f
brow s. RL 809. x + how av. ib. l
558. Rimes in [uwwaerd].
coward s. [kuwwaerd] : \\froward a. VA 569. -f
|| toward a. VA 1158.
559. Rimes in [uwtj.
about av. [ae'buwt] : out av. RL 412; S 113.2.
doubt s. [duwt]:0«f av. VA 692; S 144.13 = PP
2. 27. + without av. LC 97.
out av. [uwt]: about av. RL 413; S 113.4. + doubt
s. VA 694; S 144. 14. = PP 2.28. + stout a.
S 65. 5.
stout a. [stuwt] : out av. S 65. 7. 2
without av. [wid'uwt], [wie'uwt] : doubt s. LC 98.
560. Rimes in |uwn|.
crown s. [kruwn] : down av. RL 216.3
down av. [duwn] -.crown s. RL 217. -\-frown s. VA
463;4 S 117. 9.4 + — v. VA 43.4 + town s. PP
19. 328. 4
frown s. [tru.wn] : down av. VA 465 ;5 S 117. II.6
— v. — : down av. VA 45. + -\renown s. PP 21. 419.5
•^renown s. [re'nuwn] -.frown v. PP 21.420.6
town s. [t\wm]:down av. PP 19. 327. 7
1 vowe. 2 stoute. 3 crowne. 4 downe.
6 frowne. 6 renowne. 7 towne.
561-564.] RIMES IN [uwnd], [uwndig], [uwnded], &c. 263
561. Rimes in [uwnd].
bound pp. [buwnd] : ground s. VA 226. -f round av.
RL 1501.
confound v. [kon'fuwnd] : crown' d pp. S 60. 8, 69. 7.
+ ground s. VA 1048; RL 1202. -f- wound s. ib.
crown' d pp. [kruwnd] : confound v. S 60. 6, 69. 5. l
drown' d pp. [druwnd] : ground s. VA 984. 2 + fsow^
s. PP 8. 113.2
found pt. [fuwnd] : ground s. S 153.2.
_ pp. —-.ground s. S 75.4; PP 13. 175.
ground s. [gruwnd] : bound pp. VA 224. + confound
v. VA 1046; RL 1199. + drown' d pp. VA 983.
+ found pt. S 153.4. -f — pp. S 75.2; PP
13. 177. + ^resound v. PP 18. 279. + sound s. S
130. 12. -f wound s. RL 1199.
hound s. [huwnd] -.wound s. VA 913.
•\resound v. [re'suwnd] : ground s. PP 18. 278.
round s. [ruwnd] : wound s. VA 368.
— av. — : bound pp. RL 1499.
sound s. ("tone") [suwnd] : -\drown' d pp. PP 8.111.
+ ground s. S 130. 10. + wound s. RL 1464.
wound s. [wuwnd] : confound v. RL 1201. + ground
s. ib. + hound s. VA 915. + round s. VA 370.
+ sound s. RL 1466.
562. Rimes in [uwndii]].
harsh-sounding p. ['haerj-'suwndii)] : wounding p. VA
431. 3
wounding p. [wuwndii)] \harsh-sounding p. VA 432.
563. Rimes in [uwnded].
compounded ^pp. [kom'puwnded] : confounded pp. PT 44.
confounded pp. [kon'f uwnded] : compounded pp. PT 41.
564. Rimes in [uwndz].
bounds v. [buwndz] : wounds v. VA 265.
confounds v. [kon'fuwndz] : hounds s. VA 882. -f-
1 crownd. 2 drownd. 3 harsh sounding.
264 [uw] - RIMES. [XVIII.
sounds s. S 8. 7. H v. S 128. 4. -f swounds
(sounds) v. RL 1489. -f wounds s. ib.
grounds s. [gruwndz] : hounds s. PP 9. 124.
hounds s. [huwndz] : confounds v. VA 881. -f I! downs
s. VA 678. + grounds s. PP 9. 122.
sounds s. ("tones") [suwndz] : confounds v. S 8. 5.
— v. — : confounds v. S 128. 2.
swounds (i. e. sounds, "swoons") v. — : confounds
v. RL I486.1 + wounds s. ib.1
<Z£W««^ss.[wuwndz] : confounds v. RL 1488. -{-swounds
(sounds) v. ib.
— v. — : bounds v. VA 267.
565. Rimes in [uwnt].
account s. [ae'kuwnt] : surmount v. S 62. 6.
dismount v. [dis'muwnt] -.fount s. LC 281.
/0//«J s. ("spring") [fuwnt] : dismount v. LC 283.
surmount v. [sur muwnt] : account s. S 62. 8.
566. Rime in ['uwnter].
encounter v. [in'kuwnter] : mount her v. & pn. VA
596. 2
567. Rime in ['uwnt (li)er|.
mount her v. & pn. Pmuwnt (h)erl : encounter v.
VA 598.
568. Rime in [uwnz].
downs s. [duwnz] : || hounds s. VA 677. 3
569. Rimes in [uwlii]].
howling g. [huwlirj] : scowling p. VA 918.
scowling p. [skuwlii)] : howling g. VA 917. 4
570. Rimes in [uw(,)r].
bower s. [buw(,)r] -.power s. S 127. 7. 5
deflower v. [de'fluwQr] : hour s. RL 348. 6 -f power
s. ib.6
1 sounds. 2 incounter. 3 downes. 4 skowling.
5 boure. 6 deflowre.
5 7 1-57 2-] RIMES IN [uwriij], [uw(,)rz]. 265
devour v. [de'vuwQr] \flower s. RL 1256.
flower s. [fluw(,)r] : devour v. RL 1254. l -f hour s.
VA 1188;2 LC 75; PP 13. 173. + power s. VA
946; S 65.4; LC 75, 147.
hour s. [uw(,)r] : deflower v. RL 347. 3 + flower s.
VA 1187;4 LC 72 ;4 PP 13. 174. 4 -f power s.
RL 347 ;8 S 126. 2; 5 LC 72.* + sour a. S 57. 5.4
power s. [puw(,)r] : bower s. S 127. 5. -f deflower v.
RL 345. + flower s. VA 944; S 65.2; LC 74,
146. + hour s. RL 345; S 126. 1 ; LC 74.
sour a. [suw(,)r] : hour s. S 57. 7. 6
571.7 Rimes in [uwrii)].
devouring g. [de'vuwrii)] : souring p. RL 700.
souring p. [suwrii)] : devouring g. RL 699. 7
572. Rimes in [uw(,)rz].
devours v. [de'vuwQrz] -.flowers s. RL 872. -f- ours
pn. ib.
flowers s. [fluwQrz] : devours v. RL 870. 8 + ^owrs
s. S 16.7; PP 15.208. + ours pn. RL 870. 8 +
showers s. VA 65.
hours s. [uw(,)rz] : flowers s. S 16. 5; 9 PP 15. 206. 9
-f powers s. RL 297. lo 4- showers s. S 124. 10.n
+ towers s. RL 944. 10
ours pn. — : devours v. RL 873. -f flowers s. ib.
-f progenitors (progenitours) s. RL 1757. + sours
s. RL 868.
powers s. [puwQrz] : hours s. RL 295.
progenitors^.^. progenitours) s. [pro^enituwrz] : owrs
pn. RL 1756. 12
showers s. [JuwQrz) -.flowers s. VA 66. -f- /zowrs s.
S 124. 12. 18
1 flowre. 2 flour e. 3 howre. * houre.
5 hower. 6 sowre. 1 sowring. 8 flowrs. 9 houres.
10 howres. u howers. 12 progenitours. 13 showres.
266 [,!]- RIMES. [XIX.
sours s. [suwQrz] : ours pn. RL 867. l
towers s. [tuwQrz] : hours s. RL 945. 2
573. Rimes in |uwo|.
drouth s. [druwe] : mouth s. VA 544.
mouth s. [muwe] : drouth s. VA 542.
XIX. [,!]- RIMES.
574. Rimes in [,!].
invisible a. [in'vizib,!] : sensible a. VA 434.
sensible a. [sensib?l] : invisible a. VA 436.
1 sowrs. 2 towrs.
ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA.
P. 3, 1. 15 from bottom. A dissertation on some pecu-
larities in Shakespeare's pronunciation was publish-
ed by H. Isaac (now Prof. H. Conrad) in 1875.
P. 12, 1. 11. For E. D. S. read E. D. D.
P. 19, 1. 8 from bottom. As Prof. Curtis kindly points
out to me, Ind(e) — naturally enough — also had
the long vowel, so that the rimes in LL and AY
may be regular, nothwithstanding Gill's [i].
P. 28, 1. 12. Prof. Curtis remarks, "Could the rime
quickly : unlykely be interpreted as showing [i]
in unlikely? E. D. D. gives lickly as a form
of likely" This is, of course, not impossible.
Yet there remain the rimes live : contrive JC,
restoratives : lives s. P (p. 19). I also draw
attention to the fact that the Stratford proper
name Quiney (Quyney) is repeatedly spelled with
ee or e, instead of i or y, in the Stratford registers,
&c., of the time. The i must have been similar
to long e — [ii], and probably was the [ij] given
as the Shakespearian sound in the text.
P. 31, 1. 3 from bottom. For volere read solere.
P. 34, 1. 3 from bottom. For need read meed.
P. 39, 1. 10. For "avenger" read
268 ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA.
P. 43, 1. 13. For stait read stait.
P. 43, 1. 16. The rime deceit : repeat P 1. 4. 75, though
not really important, ought to have been mentioned.
P. 56, 1. 13. For Rimes read Rime.
P. 66, 1. 3 from bottom. For and, whis is read and
which is.
P. 70, 1, 14 from bottom. Rather sorry = sorie (Q),
the old long vowel being retained.
P. 71, head-line. For [o] read [o:].
P. 72, 1. 4 from bottom. For RC read RL.
P. 79, 1. 4. For Gill and read Gill), and.
P. 93, 1. 13. For h read w.
P. 98, 1. 5 from bottom. I say "recognized" on pur-
pose. As to the Cely Papers, &c., cf. preface,
p. VITT.
P. 119, 1. 4. For 'greeing g. read 'greeing p.
P. 123, 1. 8 from bottom. For itj read i:tf.
P. 124, 1. 13. Read VA 808. 7 + seen pp. LC 192.7
P. 128, 1. 10. For wit s. read sit v.
P. 129, 1. 4. Add commits v. S 9. 12. -f
P. 134, 1. 10 from bottom. For unlikely av. read
unlikely a.
P. 172, 1. 6 from bottom. It may be noted that
Dr. Sweet's pronunciation of th in bequeath is [6].
P. 174, 1. 5 from bottom. For rest read |j rest.
WORD-INDEX.
(The references are to pages. Numbers preceded by + refer
to the rime-index. Homonyms are not distinguished )
a (= he) 110.
abhor 70. + 240.
243.
abide + 145.
abiding 27.
a-billing +131.
able 50. 66.
abominable 69.
102.
abomination 102.
+ 202.,
abominations +
203.
about 104. 105.+
262.
above 104. + 254.
a-breeding 16.
absolute +161.
absolution + 164.
abstaining f 222.
abuse s. + 163.
- v. 33. + 162.
163.
abused + 163.
abuses + 164.
accident + 183.
accidents + 185.
accord 78.
accorded 77. 78. +
241.
according 78.
account + 264.
accumulate v. +
197.
accurst 22. 23. 81.
+ 259.
accuse + 163.
ache 95. + 205.
achieve 10. + 127.
across + 243.
act 57. + 216.
adder 62. + 207.
adieu 32. + 159.
admire + 154.
admired 115. + 155.
adore 70. + 234.
235.
a-doting 70. +230.
adulterate 113.
advance 60. +2 11.
adverse 105.
advice +158.
advisedly + 136.
advocate + 197.
afar + 211.
affected + 193.
affectedly + 136.
affectst 95.
afford 78. 79. 81.
+ 241.
affords 78. + 241.
affright +147.
afloat + 230.
afraid 46. + 219.
after 57. 93. 94.
after-loss + 243.
again 47. 55. +
179. 220.
against 110.
age 53. + 196.
ago 73. 85.
agree 13. + 116.
agrees + 125.
aid 46. + 219.
aim 55. + 219.
air 97. + 225.
airy 98.
alabaster 96.
alack + 216.
alchemy + 137.
ale 65.
alike 112.
alive + 144.
al!65.66.68.+ 228.
allay 'd + 219.
allotted + 239.
allow + 261.
allowing 85.
almost 106.
alone 70.71. +231.
along + 244.
aloof + 252.
also 106.
altering 113.
although 112.
am 62.
amain 47.
amazed + 201.
amazes + 201.
amazeth + 201.
ambassage s. 53.
+ 197.
270
WORD-INDEX.
amber s. 52.
amen 105. 106.
+ 179.
amend + 180.
amended +181.
amending +181.
amends + 182.
amiss + 132.
among 81. 82. +
244.
amongst 99.
amplify + 137.
anatomiz'd + 158.
ancient 57.
anew + 159.
anger 99.
angry 99.
annoy 83. + 245.
anon70.108.+239.
anticipate + 198.
Antipodes 36.
antiquity + 137.
any 13. 11 4. + 209.
apace + 201.
apish a. 56.
appaid + 219.
appalled + 228.
appeal + 168.
appear 36. 39. +
appears + 172.
appetite 100.
apple 57.
applied + 145.
approve 86. 112.
+ 251. 252.
arbitrators + 199.
are v. 54. 115. +
200. 211.
argument + 183.
arise + 155.
arising + 158.
arm + 212.
arm'd + 212.
arms + 212.
array + 217.
arrest +191.
arrived + 144.
art 46. 57. + 213.
a-shaking + 206.
ashy-pale + 199.
aside + 145.
assign'd + 151.
asleep +119.
aspect + 192.
aspire + 154.
ass 54.
assailed + 225.
assails + 225.
assay +217.
assays + 226.
assemble + 175.
assuag'd + 197.
assuage 53. +
197.
assure + 162.
assured +161.
astonished + 176.
astronomy + 137.
asunder + 257.
attaint + 224.
attainted + 224.
attend + 180. 182.
attended +181.
attendeth + 182.
a-turning + 259.
a-twain + 220.
audaciously +137.
audacity + 137.
auger 65. 66.
Augustine 57. 66.
authority + 137.
avenger 39. + 267.
awake + 205.
awaketh + 206.
away + 217.
awe 65. + 227.
awl 66.
ay 27. 28.
babe 52.
back 44. + 216.
bad + 207.
bail 56. + 225.
bait 42. 43. 56. +
220.
balk 96. + 229.
ball 65.
balm 59. 68. 93. +
227.
band + 209.
banishment + 183.
bank +216.
banks + 216.
bar + 211.
bare + 200.
bark +214.
barketh +214.
bars + 214.
base + 201.
bastardy + 137.
bat 51. + 207.
bate 51.
bath 59.
batter'd 109. 111.
battering 113.
battery 109. 113.
+ 208.
battle 109.
bawd + 227.
bawl 65.
bay 8. + 217.
be 7. 9. 13. 14.
18. 56. 108. +
116. 118.
bear 43. + 168.
170. 171.
beard 39. + 188.
bearing + 170.
bears 39. + 172.
beast 41. + 174.
beautify + 137.
beauties 31. 34.
48. + 194.
beauty 31. 34. 47.
48. + 194.
beck + 192.
become 104. 105.
bed 37. + 176.
bedrid 109.
bee 9. 25. 26. +
116.
been 11. + 123.129.
befits + 128.
before 72. 104. +
234.
began + 208.
WORD-INDEX.
271
begets 4 179.
beggar 109.
begin + 129.
beguile 4 153.
beguiled 4 153.
beguiling 4 153.
begun 4- 257.
beheld 12. + 187.
behests + 192.
behind 4- 151.
behold 97. 4 249.
behoof + 252.
being 113. 114.4
119.
belied 4 145.
believe 10. 15.
bell 4 186.
bells 4 187.
belock 112.
belong 4 244.
belongs 4 245.
beloved 86. 4 255.
below 4 229.
benign 99.
bent 4- 183.
bequeath 40. 268.
4 172.
bequeathed 4 173.
bereaves 4 166.
bereft 4 176.
berries 4 188.
beseech 16.4123.
beseech'd 11. 16.
20. 4- 123.
beset 4 178.
beside 4 146.
best 4 191.
bestow 4 247. 250.
bestow'd 4 247.
bestow'st 4 250.
betake 4 205.
betakes 4 206.
betime 91.
betoken'd 4 237.
betray 4 217.
betrays 4 226.
betroth 72.
better 38. 4 179.
bettering 113.
between 4 124.
betwixt 110.
bevel 4 176.
bewray'd 4 219.
bide 4 146.
biding 4 147.
bier 9.
bills 4 131.
bind 4 152.
bird 6. 22. 23. 24.
25. 39.
birds 21. 23. 24.
39. 4 132.
Biron 74. 87.
birth 21. 23.
black 4 216.
blade 4 196.
blame 4 194.
blast 4 215.
blazed 4 201.
bleed 4 121.
bleeding 4 122.
bleeds 17. 4 122.
blemish 91. 175.
blend 4 180.
bless 40. 41. 4 190.
blest 41. 4 191.
blind 19. 4 152.
blindness 4 152.
bliss 4 132.
blood 87. 4 256.
blot 4 238.
blow 84. + 229.
blown 71. 4 248.
blows 4 236.
blue 48. 4 159.
boar 4 234.
board 76.78.79. 81.
boast 70. 4 237.
boat 70. 4 230.
bob 62.
boil 82. 83. 4 246.
bold 4 249.
Bolingbroke 74.
bond 4 239.
bone 67. 69.71.75.
+ 231.
boot 87.
bore 4 234.
born 80. 4 242.
borne 80.
borrow 4 240.
both 72. 4 235.
bough 89. 101. 4
261.
bought 8. 101. 4
248.
bound 4 263.
bounds 4 263.
bow s. (weapon) 71.
89. 4 229.
- v. 4 262.
bower 115. 4 264,
bowing 85.
bowl 72.
boy 82. 83. 4 245.
brain 47. 4 221.
brake 4 205.
branch 59. 95.
branches 95.
brand 4 209.
braverv 113.
break 4 175.
breaks 4 175.
breast 41. 4 191.
breasts 4 192.
breath 40. 4 173.
breathed 4 173.
bred 4 177.
breed 4 121. 122.
breeds 4 122.
brew 30.
briar 109.
brief 4 121.
bright 4 147.
brim 4 127.
brine 4 150.
bring 4 135. 136.
brings 4 136.
bristle 95.
bristling 95.
brittle 4 128.
broke 114.
broken 92. 95. 11 4.
4 237.
brood86.87.4252.
broom-groves 74.
brother 113.
272
WORD-INDEX.
brought + 248.
brow 84. + 262.
brown 89.
bud + 256.
buds + 256.
build 12.
builded 12.+ 125.
bun 69. 88.
buoy 82.
buried 37. 111. +
177.
burn 88. + 258.
burn'd + 259.
burning + 259.
bury 88.
bushes +261.
business 111.
bustling 95.
busy 88.
by 7. 25. 26. 27.
+ 137. 143.
cabbage 53. 109.
cabinet + 178.
calf 59. 68. 69.
cal!8.50.66.+228.
called + 228.
calls + 228.
calm 68.
came 55. + 194.
can 7. + 208.
cane 34. 35. 51.
cannot 106.
canopy 13. + 137.
car 54. + 211.
carcanet + 178.
care 54. + 200.
cares + 200.
Carthage 53.
case 97. + 201.
castaway + 217.
caterpillars 109.
catch + 208.
caught 93. 94. 100.
caul 66.
cause + 229.
cease 40. + 174.
chain + 221.
chain'd + 223.
chamber 52.
chambers 52.
champion 112.
chance 59. 60. +
211.
change + 209.
changeling 112.
chanter 60.
character 39. +
188.
characters 39. +
189.
charged + 213.
charm + 212.
charm'd + 212.
charms + 212.
chary + 200.
chase + 202. 203.
chased + 203.
chasing + 203.
chaste 54. 55. +
204.
chasten 55. 95.
chastest 55.
chastity 13.55.+
137.
chat 54. + 207.
check + 192.
checks 95.
cheek + 126.
cheeks + 126.
cheer 36. 39. +
168. 171.
cheerful 36.
cherish + 188.
cherries + 188.
chest + 191.
chide + 146.
chief 10. + 121.
child + 153.
chin + 129.
chips +126.
chivalry + 137.
choose + 253.
Christ 27.
chronicler 109.
circumstance60. +
211.
city + 128.
claim 63.
claws + 228.
clay 42. + 217.
clear 35. + 168.
171.
clearer +171.
clears +172.
climb 91. + 144.
clook + 237.
coal 75.
coals 84.
coast 70.
coat + 2
coin 83.
coined + 246.
cold + 249.
coll 75.
Collatine 19. +
150.
come 86. 90. 91.+
254.
comes + 254.
comest 111.
coming 73.
command 59. +
209.
commander 59. +
209.
command(e)ment
59. 111. + 183.
commence + 185.
commend + 180.
commended + 181.
comment70.+ 238.
commission 21. +
133.
commits + 128.
committed + 128.
commix'd + 134.
commutual 112.
compacted + 216.
company + 137.
compare 54. +200.
compassionate +
198.
compile 19. + 153.
compiled + 154.
complain + 221.
223. 224.
WORD-INDEX.
273
complain'd + 223.
complaining +
222.
complexion + 193.
compounded +
263.
comprehend +
180.
comprehends +
182.
compromise 109.
conceit 42. 43. 64.
91. + 220.
conceive 1 14.
conclusion + 162.
condign 99.
confess 40. + 190.
confessor 105.
confine + 150.
confined!05.+152.
confound + 263.
confounded + 263.
confounds + 263.
confusion + 163.
congest +191.
conjurer 45.
conquerors 109.
consent + 183.
conspirator 45. 90.
+ 240.
conspire + 154.
conscience 111.
constancy 14. 108.
+ 116.
consumes + 160.
contain + 221.
contains + 224.
contend + 180.
content + 183.
contented 20. +
184.
contents + 185.
continual 115.
contradict +134.
contrive 19. 28.
267. + 144.
contrives + 145.
control 72. + 248.
controll'd + 249.
controlling + 248.
controls 85.
con vert 46. + 2 13.
convertest 46. +
214.
convertite 100. +
147.
convey'd 64. +
219.
cool'd 96. + 253.
corn 62. 76.
correction + 193.
corrupt 105.
corrupted + 254.
Cory don 70. +239.
cost 7.0. + 244.
cough 94.
could 96..
counterfeit 46.
109. + 178.
courage 53. 76. +
258.
courtesy 113.
cover + 255.
cover'd + 255.
cow 85. 89.
coward 75. 84. +
262.
coy 83. + 245.
crab 62.
craft 59. + 207.
crave 53. + 195.
created 42. + 199.
creature +167.
credulous + 260.
creep +119.
! creeps + 120.
crept + 175.
crest 41. + 191.
Crete 16.
crew 48. + 159.
cries + 155. 156.
crime 91. + 144.
crops + 238.
cross + 243.
crossed + 244.
crow 71. + 229.
crown + 262.
crown'd + 263.
Victor, Shakespeare's Pronunciation. I.
cruel + 160.
cry + 137.
cup + 254.
cure + 161. 162.
cured + 161.
curls + 259.
curse 24.81. +259.
curst 22. 23. 24. +
259.
cut 88.
Cynthia 112.
daff'd + 207.
daily 13.
dainty 63.
dale + 199.
dally61.62.+211.
dame 55. + 194.
dance 60. + 211.
dandling + 209.
danger + 210.
dare + 200.
dart + 213.
date + 198.
daughter 93. 94.+
227.
day 7. 62.
days + 226.
dazzled 96.
dead 16. 37. 111.
+ 177.
deal 38. + 168.
dear 36. 97. 98.
+ 168.
dearer +171.
dearly +171.
dearth 46. + 189.
death 40. + 173.
debate + 198.
debaters + 199.
debt 69. 91. + 178.
debtor 91. + 179.
debtors 91.
decay + 217.
decay'd + 219.
decays + 226.
decease 40. + 174.
190.
deceit 91. 267.
18
274
WORD-INDEX.
deceive 42.+ 165.
deceived + 165.
deceives +166.
deceivest + 165.
declines + 153.
decrease + 174.
decree +116.
deed + 121.
deeds 17. + 122.
deem + 120.
deem'd + 120.
deems 15. + 120.
deep +119.
deer 36. 97. 98. +
169.
deers 97.
deface + 202. 204.
defaced + 203.
defame + 194.
defeat 38.42.+167.
defeated 42. + 167.
defeature 42. +
167.
defect + 192.
defects + 193.
defence + 185.
defend + 182.
defends + 182.
defiled + 154.
defiling + 153.
define + 151.
deflour 87.
deflower + 264.
defy.+ 137. 155.
defying + 143.
degenerate + 198.
deified + 146.
delay + 219.
delays + 226.
delight 100. 147.
148.
delighted + 150.
delighting + 150.
denial + 143.
denied + 146.
denote + 230.
deny + 137.
denying 115. +
143.
depart + 213.
departest46. + 214.
departure 62.
depend + 180.
depending + 181.
depends + 182.
deprived 19.
dere 39.
derive + 144.
derived 19. + 144.
descended +181.
desert (merit) 46.
+ 213.
deserts (merits) 46.
+ 214.
deserving + 188.
design + 151.
desire 98. 115. +
154.
desired + 155.
desires 115.
despair + 225.
desperate 113.
despise + 156.
despised + 158.
despising + 158.
despite 100. 110.
+ .148.
destimies +156.
destiny 14. 108.
+ 137.
destroy 83. + 245.
246.
destroys + 246.
detain + 224.
detects 95.
determined + 177.
determinate+198.
detest 41. + 191.
detriment + 183.
devil 11. + 120.
devise + 156.
devised + 158.
devour 98. + 265.
devouring + 265.
devours + 265.
dew 48. + 194.
dexterity + 138.
dial + 143.
dial-hand + 209.
Dian 114.
Diana 114.
did + 127.
die 14. 28. + 138.
died + 146.
dies + 156.
difference + 185.
dignified + 146.
dignity + 138.
diligence + 185.
diminish'd + 133.
dimm'd + 127.
dimple + 127.
din 11.
dint + 129.
directed +193.
direction + 193.
dirt 22. 23. 24.
disabled 96. + 177.
disarm'd + 212.
discern + 189.
discontent + 183.
discontents + 185.
discovery 113. +
138.
discreet 15. 16.
disdain 47. + 221.
224.
disdaineth +223.
disease + 173.
disgrace + 202.
/203.
disgraced + 204.
disguise + 156.
disguised + 158.
dishonoured+177.
disloyally 58.
dismay'd + 219.
dismount + 264.
dispair 43.
dispatch + 208.
dispensation +
239.
dispense + 185.
disperse 24. + 189.
dispersed + 189.
display + 218.
display'd + 220.
WORD-INDEX.
275
displease 36.
disposition + 133.
disputation + 202.
239.
dissemble + 175.
dissolution + 164.
distain + 221.
distempering 113.
distill'd +131.
distressed + 191.
ditty 20. + 128.
divide + 146.
dividing + 147.
divination 111. +
239.
divine 45. 109. +
151.
division 98.
do 8. 32. 33. 73.
108. + 250.
doe 71. + 229.
dog 69. 75.
-doni 108.
done 74. + 257.
doom 73. 86. 91.+
251.
dooms 91.
door 72. + 234.
dote + 23$t4
doted + 23151*.
doteth + 231.
double 89. + 253.
doubled + 253.
doubles + 254.
doubt69.91.+262.
dove + 254.
down 75. 89. + 262.
downs + 264.
downright + 148.
drab 52.
draff 94.
draught 94.
draw + 227.
drawn + 227.
dread 37. + 166.
dreadeth37.+ 166.
dream 15. 35. +
165.
drench'd + 185.
drew 48. + 159.
drink + 136.
dropt + 238.
dross + 243.
drouth + 266.
drown'd + 263.
dry + 138.
ducat 109.
due 7. 28. 34. 48.
+ 159.
dug 69. 88.
dull 88.
dullness + 258.
dumb 86. 90. 91.
+ 254.
dun + 257.
dust + 260.
duties31.48.
duty 31. 48. +161.
dwell + 186.
dwell'd 13. + 187.
dwells + 187.
dye + 138.
dyed + 146.
dying 115.
each 16. 17.
ear 43. + 169.
earnestly 13.
ears + 172.
earth 21. 23.+ 189.
easily 115.
east 41. + 174.
eat 38.
eats 38.
eche 17.
ecstasy + 138.
edge + 178.
een 96.
e'en 96.
effect + 193.
effecting + 193.
either 39. 40. 63.
eke 17.
element + 183.
eloquence + 185.
elsewhere 106. +
169.
Elysium 112. 113.
embrace + 202.
204.
embraced + 205.
embracing + 203.
emperor 90.
empty 91.
enacted + 216.
enchant59.60.109.
enchanted + 210.
enclose + 236.
encounter + 264.
end + 180.
ended + 181.
ender + 181.
ends + 182.
endure +161.
endured +161.
enemies + 156.
enemy 13. + 138.
enforce 81.
engineer 39.
England 99.
English 99.
engrossed + 244.
enguard 112.
enioy 83. + 245.
enjoys + 246.
enlarg'd + 213.
enmity 14. + 138.
enough 94. + 256.
enrag'd + 197.
enrich'd 11.20. +
129.
ensnare + 200.
ensue + 159.
ensues + 162.
ensuing + 160.
enter 45. + 184.
enterprise + 156.
entertain + 221.
224.
entice + 158.
entomb 86. 90. 91.
+ 251.
entreats 38. + 167.
equal 58.
equipage53. + 197.
err 24.
•18*
276
WORD-INDEX.
erred + 188.
escape 110.
Esperance(F.)112.
espied +146.
espy + 138.
estate + 198.
esteem + 120.
esteem'd + 120.
esteeming + 120.
estimate + 198.
eternity + 138.
Eve 15.
even 17. 95. 96.
114. 4- 166.
evening 17.
event + 183.
events 95. + 185.
ever 17. 115.
ever-during 115.
everlasting 105.
every 113. 115.
everywhere 35.
115.
evident + 183.
evil 10. 11. + 120.
ev'n 95. 96.
exceed +121.
exceeds + 123.
excel + 186.
excell'd 12. + 187.
excellence + 185.
excellent + 183.
excelling +187.
except + 175.
excess 41. + 190.
exchanged + 210.
exclaim 55. + 219.
exclamation +
203.
excuse s. + 163.
excuse v. + 163.
excuses s. + 164.
exhibition 102.
exile s. + 153.
existst 95.
expect + 193.
expecting + 193.
expel + 186.
expense + 186.
expiate + 198.
expire +154.
expired + 155.
express + 190.
express'd +191.
extend + 180.
extenuate + 198.
extreme 15. + 165.
extremes 15. +
120.
extremest 15.
extremity +138.
ey'd + 146.
eye 27.28.+ 138.
eyes + 156.
eyne 28. + 151.
face + 202.
faces + 204.
fact + 216.
fade + 196.
fain 63.
faint 63. + 224.
fainted + 224.
fair 43. 44. 98. +
225.
fairs 56.
fall 58. 66. 68. 77.
+ 228.
fallen 96.
falls + 228. 229.
fame + 195.
fantasy + 139.
far 59. 97.
fares + 200.
fashion 108. + 2 15.
fast + 215.
fate + 198.
father 50. 52.
fault 93. + 228.
favour + 196.
fear 36. 39. + 169.
171.
fearfully + 139.
fearing +171.
fears + 172.
feast 41. + 174.
feather + 189.
feather'd 109.
feature +167.
fed + 177.
fee + 117.
feed 17. + 121.
feeding + 122.
feeds + 123.
feel + 124.
feels + 125.
feign 8. 63. 64. +
fell + 186.
felt + 187.
tere 44.
ferment 22.
fever 17. + 165.
few 7. 47. 48. +
194.
fickle + 134.
fiddler 96.
field 12. 13. 18.
+ 124.
fiend + 180.
fiends + 182.
fifteenth 106.
fifty 13.
fight 100. + 148.
fighting + 150.
filed + 154.
fill + 130.
fill'd + 131.
filleth + 131.
filling +131.
final 58.
finally 58.
find 19. + 152.
finds + 153.
fir 22. 23. 97.
fire 98. 11 5. + 154.
fires 115.
firm 23.
first 22. 23. 24.
25. 97. + 259.
fits + 128.
fitted + 128.
fix'd + 134.
fixed + 134.
flameth + 195.
flatter 60. + 208.
flatteries 115.
WORD-INDEX.
277
flattering 113. +
135.
flattery 109. 113.
+ 139. 208.
flaw 67.
flea 101.
fled + 177.
fleet(')st95.+ 123.
flew + 159.
flies + 156.
flight + 148.
flocks -I- 244.
flood 69. 87. +256.
flow 69. 75. + 230.
flower 89. 98. +
265.
flowers 1 15.+ 265.
fly + 139.
flyer 115.
flying 115.
foal 72.
foe 71. + 230.
foes 73. + 236.
foil 83. + 246.
foil'd + 246.
fold + 249.
folk 96.
follow61.62. + 240.
folly 6 1.62. + 239.
fond + 239.
food 86. 87. + 252.
fool + 253.
fools + 253.
foot 87. + 252.
foppish 56.
for 77. 97.
forage 76. + 240.
forbear + 169.
forbears + 172.
forbid + 127.
force 81. + 243.
forced 81.
ford 78. 79. 81.
fords 78. + 241.
fore 77.
forebend 106.
f ore -be tray 'd +
220.
foregone 71. + 233.
forgeries + 156.
gall 8. 66. + 228.
forgot + 238.
gate 43. 54. 56.
forgotten + 239.
64. + 198.
forlorn 80. + 242.
gather 'd, -ed 52.
243.
109. 111. + 214.
form 77. + 241.
gave 53. + 195x^
forms 77. + 241.
/* Ji i \ 4 i > ^^
gay 64. + 218.
forsake+205.206.
gaze + 201.
forsaken + 206.
gazed +201.
forsworn80.+242.
gazes + 201.
forth 80. 81. + 259.
gazeth + 201.
fortify + 139.
gems + 176.
fought + 248.
general 58. + 228.
found + 263.
get 38. + 179.
fount + 264.
gets 38.
four 72. 85. + 249.
ghost + 237.
fourth 89.
gild v. 12. + 125.
fowls $5.
gills + 131.
frame + 195.
framing + 195.
ginger 98.
gird 23.
fraud + 227.
girl 23.
free + 117. 118.
girt 23.
fret 38. + 178.
give 10. + 127.
frets 38. + 179.
giving ^- 127.
friend + 180.
glad + 207.
friends + 182.
gladly + 207.
fro' 114.
glass 61. + 215.
frost 70.
glories + 235.
froward 75. 84. +
glory 70. 114. +
232.
235.
frowardness 75.
Gloucester 111.
frown + 262.
glow 85. + 230.
fruit + 161.
glow'd + 247.
fuel + 160.
glows 67. + 236.
fulfil + 130.
gnat 99.
fulfill'd 12. + 131.
go 7. 67. 69. 73. 75.
fullness + 258.
+ 230.
fume + 160.
goal 56.
fumes +160.
god 69. 75.
funeral 58.
goes 73. + 236.
fur 22.
going 115.
further + 259.
gold + 249.
golden 115.
gage + 197.
gon(e) 70. 71. 73.
gain + 221.
76. 108. + 233.
gaining + 222.
good 69. 87. 88.
gains + 224.
+ 256.
gainst 110.
good-morrow +
gait 56. + 198.
240.
278
WORD-INDEX.
gore + 234.
gorgeous 111.
got + 238.
government+ 183.
grace + 202. 204.
graces + 204.
grant 59. 60.
granted + 210.
granteth60.+210.
granting 60. +
210.
grape 52.
grapes 52. 54. +
194.
grass + 215.
grave 53. + 195.
196.
gravity + 139.
great 38. 42. 108.
+ 167.
greater 38. + 167.
greatest 38.
greatly 13. 38.
Greece + 126.
'greeing +119.
green + 124.
greet + 123.
grew 32. + 159.
grey + 42.
grief + 121.
grieving 15.
grieves +121.
grim + 127.
grind + 152.
grine 28. + 151.
groan70.71.+233.
groans 71. + 234.
groin 28. + 151.
groom 73. 91. +
251.
ground + 263.
grounds + 264.
grove73.74.+232.
grow 85. + 230.
growing 85. +247.
grows + 236.
grow'st + 250.
growth 72. + 236.
guard 112. + 212.
guest 41. + 191.
guests + 192.
guide + 146.
guile + 153.
guise + 156.
gun + 257.
gyves + 145.
habit 102.
habitation 102.
had + 207.
hair 43. + 169. +
225.
haire~44.
hairs 43. + 172.
half 59. 68. 69. 96.
hallow 61. 62. +
211.
halm 68.
halt + 228.
halter 94.
hand 59. + 209.
handling + 209.
hang + 216.
hanged 99.
hanging 99.
harbinger 39. +
188.
harbour 109.
hard 59. + 212.
hare + 200.
harm 62. + 212.
harm'd + 212.
harmony 13.
harms + 212.
harsh-sounding +
263.
hart 46.
haste 54. 55. + 204.
hasted 55.
hastened 55.
hasty 55.
hat + 208.
ha't 53.
hate 114. + 198.
hath 61. + 214.
hatred 114.
haulm 68.
haunt 59. 60.
haunted + 210.
have 53. 54. + 195.
196.
having 113.
hawk 96. + 229.
he9.28.1JO.+ 117.
head 37. + 177.
healeth + 168.
hear 36. + 169.
171. 172.
heard 46. + 212.
hearing + 171.
hearse 46.
hearsed + 189.
heart 46. 62. +
213.
hearts 46. +214.
heat 38. 42.+ 167.
heath 40.
heave + 166.
heaven 17.37.95.
96. 114. 115. +
166.
heavenly 114.
heavens 95. 98.
heaviness + 190.
heav'n 95.
heels + 125.
heir 44. 64. + 225.
held 12. 18. + 125.
hell + 186.
he'll 110.
hems + 176.
hence + 186.
her 86. 93. + 143.
171. 182. 204.
251.
herd 6. 24. 39. 40.
+ 188.
herds 21. 23. 24.
39. + 189.
here 36. + 169.
herein 106.
heretic + 134.
hers 39.
he's 110. 115.
hid + 127.
hide + 146.
hiding + 147.
WORD-INDEX.
279
hie + 139. 155.
hies + 156.
high 100. + 139.
higher 115.
hild 12. + 131.
hill + 130.
him 91. 95. + 127.
143. 171. 204.
206. 219. 223.
224. 250.
hips + 126.
hire 98.
his + 132.
hiss + 133.
hisses + 133.
history + 139.
hit + 128.
hither 21.
hits + 129.
hive + 144.
hoard 78. 79. 81.
hold 12. + 249.
hole 72. + 234.
honest 102.
honesty 102.
honour 45. 102.
honoured + 177.
honouring + 135.
-hood 87.
hop 62. 75.
hope 75. 84. + 231.
horn 80. + 242.
horse 81. + 243.
hospitality 13. +
host + 237.
hot + 238.
hound + 263.
hounds + 264.
hour75.85.98.102.
+ 265.
hours 98. + 265.
house 89.
hover'd + 255.
hovering 113.
how 7. 8. 89. +262.
howling + 264.
hoy 82.
Huberden 88.
hue + 159.
humble 102.
humbleness 102.
humbless 102.
humorous 109.
hurls + 259.
husbandry + 139.
hyssop 102.
I 18. 26. 27. 80.
+ 139.
idolatry 13. + 117.
ignorance 60. +
211.
Ilion 19.
ill 20. +,130.
imagination 1 1 1 . +
203. + 239.
imagined + 177.
immured +161.
impanneled + 177.
impart 46. + 213.
imparteth + 213.
impiety + 139.
impleach'd 16. +
167.
imposition + 133.
impression 21. +
190.
imprinted 20. +
. 129.
impute + 161.
in 92. + 129.
inceftainty + 139.
inclination + 203.
incline + 151.
inclined + 152.
inconstancy + 117.
increase s. + 174.
increasing 41. +
174.
incur 22.23.+ 258.
Ind(e) 19. 267.
indeed 16. 37. +
121.
indigest +191.
infamies + 157.
infamy 14. + 117.
139.
infirmities + 157-
infirmity + 117-
139.
infection + 193.
inflame + 195.
inflict + 134.
influence 113.
inhearse46.+ 189.
iniquity +117. 139.
injuries + 157.
injury + 139.
inordinate + 198.
insinuate + 198.
instigate + 198.
instrument + 183.
in sunder + 257.
insurrection + 193.
intelligence + 186.
intend + 180.
intends + 182.
intent + 183.
intents + 185.
interdict + 134.
interest 109. 113.
+ 191.
interim 113.
interlaces + 204.
intermix'd + 135.
interrupted + 254.
intituled 37.+ 178.
invasion + 201.
invent + 183.
in visible 96.+ 266.
invited + 150.
invocate + 198.
invocations + 203.
is 99. 110. 115. +
132.
it 33. + 118. 124.
128. 163. 170.
196. 203.
Italy + 140.
i'the 110.
it's 110.
itself 106.
jade + 196.
jail 56. + 225.
Jamy 45. 62.
280
Jaques 112.
iar+ 211.
jaws + 229.
jealousy + 140.
jest 41. + 191.
jester 41.
jestings41.+ 192.
jet + 179.
jewel + 160.
« • oo
join oo.
joined + 246.
joist 82.
jollity +140.
journeying 113.
love 73. 74. +232.
joy 7. 8. 82. 83. 98.
+ 246.
judge 98.
juice 34. 83.+ 164.
juist 82. Q
just 114. + 261.
justly 114.
Kate 53.
keen + 124.
keep+ 119.
ken 34. 35. 51.
kept + 175.
key 42. 63. 64.
101. + 218.
kill 20. + 130.
WORD-INDEX.
kind + 152.
kindness + 152.
kinds + 153.
king 8. + 135.
kings + 136.
kirtle + 132.
kiss + 132. 133.
kisses + 133.
kissing + 133.
kneels + 125.
knell 38. + 186.
knew 28. 47. +
159.
knife + 145.
knight 99. + 148.
knights + 150.
knit + 128.
know 31. 32.67.71.
leave + 165. 166.
85. 99. + 230.
leaves 166.
247.
leaving 15.
knowing + 247.
lechers 109.
known 71. 84. 85.
led + 178.
+ 248.
leech 16.
knows + 236.
leer 36.
left + 176.
la 67. 68.
legacy +117.
labour 52.
leisure + 173.
lack + 216.
leisurely + 140.
ladder 98.
lend + 181. 182.
lady 56.
lendeth + 182.
laid + 220.
lends + 182.
lamb 91.
length + 193.
lame + 195.
lent + 183. 184.
lament + 183.
Lesbia 115.
lamentations +
less + 190.
203.
-less 108.
lance 60. + 211.
let 7. 23. 44. +
land + 209.
179.
lands + 209.
letter + 179.
languishment +
let's 110. 115.
183.
level + 176.
lark + 214.
ley 63.
lass +215.
liberty + 140.
last + 215.
Libya 113.
latch + 208.
lie + 140.
late + 198.
lies + 157.
laud + 227.
life 19. + 145.
laugh 94.
light 8. 100. +
laughter 94.
148.
Laurence 66.
lighteth + 150.
law 67.
lights + 150.
lawn 65.
like 112.
laws + 229.
likely + 267.
lay + 218.
liking + 158.
lays + 226.
limb 91.
lea 63. 101.
line 19. + 151.
lead s. 37. + 178.
lined 19.
Ieadeth37.+ 166.
lip 7. 18. + 126.
lean + 167.
lips + 126.
leap 8. 37. + 164.
list +133.
leaps 37. + 165.
listening 113.
leapt 37.
listeth + 133.
learn 46. + 189.
live 10. 19. 28.
lease 41. + 174.
267. + 127.
least 44. + 174.
livelihood 87. +
leather 21.
252.
WORD-INDEX.
281
livery 113. + 140.
lives s. 19. 267.
lives v. 19.
living + 127.
loan + 233.
lock 112.
lock'd + 244.
long 82. + 244.
Longaville 19. 20.
longer + 245.
look 74.
lord 78. + 241.
lords 78. + 241..I
lose v. 33. 74. +
loss + 243.
lost 70. + 244.
lot + 238.
love 73. 74. 86.
88. 114. + 255.
256.
loved 86. + 255.
lover 73. 74. 114.
+ 255.
lover'd + 255.
loves 74.
loving 86. + 255.
low 85. 89. + 230.
luck + 261.
Lucrece 114.
Lucretia 114.
lurk 6. 81. + 260.
lust + 260.
lustily 14. + 140.
luxury + 140.
Macbeth 40.
Macduff 94.
mad + 207.
made + 196.
madrigals + 229.
maid + 220.
maim 55. + 219.
main + 221.
maintain + 221.
maintain'd + 223.
majesty + 140.
make + 205.
makes + 206.
makest + 206.
maketh + 206.
making + 206.
maladies + 157.
malcontent + 183.
man 62. 73. + 208.
mane 55. + 199.
man-monster 105.
man-slaughter 94.
manual 109. 112.
many 45. 62. + 209.
mare + 200.
mariner 39.
mark + 214.
marketh + 214.
marr'd + 212.
marriage 53. 111.
+ 197.
marriageable 53.
masonry + 140.
master + 215.
match 61. + 208.
mate + 198.
material 58.
matter 60. + 208.
maw + 227.
May + 218.
may 42. 56. + 2 18.
maze + 201.
me 9. 10. 86. + 117.
162. 163. 16JR
166. 176. 152.
184. 200. 205.
224.
mead37.114.+ 166.
meadow 114.
mean + 167.
meantime 106.
measure + 173.
measures + 174.
mediators + 199.
meed 8. 19. 34.
+ 121.
meek + 126.
meet 19. 34. + 123.
meetness + 123.
melancholy +117.
melody +140.
melt + 187.
memory + 140.
men + 180.
mend + 181.
meriodional 58.
merit 20. + 188.
merry 39.
messenger 39.
midnight + 148.
might + 148.
mild + 154.
mildness + 154.
mile 19.
mind 19. + 152.
mine 27. + 151.
mingled + 136.
mire + 154.
mirth 23.
mischances 60.
+ 211.
mischief 10.
misery 14. 108.
+ 117. 140.
misgoverning
+ 135.
mishaps 52. 54.
+ 207.
misled + 178.
misplace 106.
misplaced 54.
+ 204.
miss + 132.
miss'd + 133.
missing + 133.
mistaking + 206.
mistrust + 260.
misuse v. + 163.
mix'd + 135.
mixed + 135.
moan 70.71. + 233.
moans 71. + 234.
modesty +141.
moe + 230.
moment 70. +231.
monarchy +117.
monstrous 108.
monument + 183.
monuments + 185.
mood86.87.+252.
moon74.87. + 253.
moons 91.
282
WORD-INDEX.
moon's 111.
Moor 87.
moralize + 157.
more 72. + 234.
moreover 74.
morn 80. + 242.
morrow + 240.
mortality +141.
most 70. + 237.
mother 50.
motion + 237.
mount + 264.
mourn 80. + 258.
mouth + 266.
move77.86. + 251.
moving 86. + 251.
mow (grimace) 71.
— v. 85. + 230.
much + 257.
mud + 256.
murmur 23.
murther + 259.
muse 30. + 162.
musician 109.
must 97.
mute + 161.
mutiny +141.
mutual 112. 115.
myrtle + 132.
myself 106. + 187.
Mytilene 11.
nails + 225.
name 7. 48. 61.
+ 195.
nation 98. 108.
nativity + 141.
nature 42. 98.
+ 199.
nay + 218.
near 36. 39. + 169.
nearer + 171.
nearly +171.
neat 35.
neck 44. + 192.
need 8. + 121.
needing + 122.
ne'er 113. 115.
ne'ertheless 115.
neglect + 193.
negligence + 186.
neigh 101.
neighbour 101.
neither 39. 40. 63.
+ 173.
nest + 191.
nests + 192.
net 35. + 179.
neuter 47.
never 17. + 113.
115. 165.
new 30. 31. 32.
47. + 159.
new-born 80. +
242.
new-fired + 155.
nice + 158.
niggarding + 135.
nigh 100. + 141.
night + 149.
nights + 150.
no 71. 73. 75. 77.
108. + 230.
noise 83. + 246.
none 71. + 233.
noon 87. + 253.
nor 77.
not 70. 75. 77.
+ 122.136.238.
note 70. + 232.
noted + 232.
noteth + 233.
nothing 70. 106.
nought 75. 93. 101.
+ 238. 249.
now 31. 32. 84.89.
+ 262.
numbs 91.
nun + 257.
nuns + 258.
nurse24.81.+259.
oak 70.
oath 70. 72. + 236.
oats 84.
obey 64. + 218.
obey'd 64. + 220.
obeys 64. + 226.
obloquy +141.
obscurity +141.
obtain'd + 223.
obtaining + 222.
occasion 108.
ocean^ 111. + 237.
o'clock 70.
o'erll0.113.+235.
o'erflows + 236.
o'ergrow 106.
o'erread 16. 37.
+ 166.
o'erstraw'd + 227.
o'erwornSO. + 242.
O's 71. 73.
of 93.
offal 58.
offence + 186.
offended +181.
offenders 109.
offer + 238.
oft 75.93. 101.1 14.
+ 238.
often 114.
old 84. 89. + 249.
on 7. 62. 70. 75.
76. 112. + 239.
one 62. 70. 71.74.
108. + 233.
only 114.
ooze 30.
open 92. 95. + 231.
open'd +231.
opportunity + 117.
141.
oppress 41.
oppress'd + 191.
orator 45. 90. +
240.
oratory + 235.
ordering + 135.
ornament + 183.
ornaments + 185.
osier 98.
ought 84.
our 89. 98.
ours 90. + 265.
out 89. + 262.
outburneth + 259.
WORD-INDEX.
283
outlive 105. 106.
outrage + 197.
outwardly + 141.
outworn 80. +242.
over73.110.+232.
overfly + 155.
overplus + 260.
oversway'd + 220.
overthrows 73.
overturn + 258.
owe + 230. 247.
250.
ow'd + 247.
own 7. 71. 75. 84.
+ 248.
ow'st + 250.
pace + 202.
paces 204.
page + 197.
pages + 197.
pain + 221.
pain'd + 223.
paint 63.
pained + 224.
pateSl. + 199.
pall 51.
palm 59. 68.+ 227.
pant 59. 60.
panteth 60. + 2 10.
pap 62.
paper 98.
paradise + 158.
parasites 19. +
129.
park + 214.
part 46. 62. + 2 13.
partake + 205.
parts 46. + 214.
pass 59. + 215.
passion 98. 108. +
215.
past + 215.
patiently +141.
pause 67. + 229.
pavilion 19.
pawn 65.
paws + 229.
pay 8. 63. + 218.
peace 41.
peep +119.
peer 9. 44.
peeping +119.
pelf + 187.
pen 47. 180.
penny 45. 62. 114.
penny-royal 58.
perceived + 165.
perform 77.
Pericles 36. 41.
perish + 188.
perjury +141.
perpetual 58. +
228.
perpetually 11 5.+
141.
personal 58.
persuade + 196.
persuasion + 201.
perused + 163.
piece + 126.
pierce 36.
piety + 141.
pilgrimage 53. +
197.
pine + 151.
pioneer 39. + 188.
piteous 112.
pits + 129.
pity + 128.
place 54. + 202.
204.
places + 204.
plain + 221.
plaining + 223.
plainly 114.
plains + 225.
plaster + 215.
plat + 208.
play 42. + 218.
play'd + 220.
plays + 226.
play'st + 226.
plea + 164.
pleadeth37.+ 166.
please 36. + 173.
pleasure 98. + 173.
plenty + 184.
117.
plight + 149.
plot + 239.
pluck + 261.
pluck'd + 261.
plume + 160.
politic + 134.
pollute +161.
pollution + 164.
poor 74. 76.
possess + 190.
possess'd41. +
possessing 41.
190.
post + 237.
posterity +
141.
pot 70.
pottage 53.
poundage 53.
pour 89.
poverty + 141.
power 115. + 265.
powers + 265.
praise + 226.
pray 40.
prayer + 226.
prays + 226.
precedent + 183.
prefiguring + 135.
premeditate + 198.
prepare 54. + 200.
prepares + 200.
preposterously
113.
presage s. + 197.
present 103.
presentation 103.
present - absent
103.
presently 103. +
141. "
press + 190.
'pretended +181.
pretty 20. + 128.
prevailed + 225.
prevails 56.
prevent + 184.
prey 64. + 218.
prick + 134.
284
WORD-INDEX.
pricks + 134.
quay 63.
pride +146
queen + 124.
prime + 144.
questioned + 178.
print + 129.
• r\/^k
quickly20.28.267.
prisoner 39.
+ 134.
privilege + 178.
quiet 109. + 143.
prize + 157.
quill + 130.
proceed 15. + 122.
Quiney 267.
proceeding 16.
proceeds 17. + 123.
quite 100. + 149.
procured +161.
race + 202.
prodigal + 228.
rage 53. + 197.
prodigies + 157.
rages + 197.
proffer + 238.
rain + 221. 222.
progenitors 90. +
raineth + 223.
265.
raining + 223.
prognosticate +
raise + 226.
198.
ran + 208.
prohibition 102. 1 ranged + 210.
prone 71. + 234.
rank + 216.
proof + 252.
ranks +216.
prophecies +157.
rare 54. + 200.
prophesy +141.
rarer 97.
propose 74.
rarity + 142.
protest + 191.
rate + 198.
pretestings 41. +
rave + 196.
192.
ravisher 45. 90. +
Proteus 112.
188.
prove 86. 112. +
ravishment + 184.
251. 252.
raw + 227.
proved 86. + 252.
razed + 201.
provide + 146.
read v. 16. 37. +
provoke 74.
122.
pry + 141.
- pp. 46.
publisher 45. 90.
readily + 142.
+ 188.
reading 16.
punishment + 184.
reap 8. 37. + 164.
pure + 161.
reason +174.
purge + 258.
purified + 146.
receipt 42. 43. 64.
+ 220.
purify + 141.
receive 42. + 165.
receives +166
quakes + 207.
receivest +165.
qualified + 146.
recite 100. + 149.
qualify + 141.
recompense + 186.
qualities + 157.
record s. 77. 78. +
quality + 141.
241.
quarter 98.
recreant 113.
quash 92.
recured + 161.
red 37. + 178.
redeem + 120.
redoubled + 253.
redress + 190.
reeks + 126.
reflect + 193.
refrain + 222.
refresh + 192.
refusest + 163.
regard 46. + 212.
register + 188.
rehearse 24. 36.
46. + 189.
reign 64. + 222.
reign'd 64. + 223.
rein 64. + 222.
rejected + 193.
rejoice 83. + 247.
releasing 41. +
174.
relenteth + 184.
relief +121.
relier 98. + 154.
relieve 10.
relieveth!5.+121.
remain 55. + 222.
remain'd + 223.
remaining + 223.
remains + 225.
remedy + 142.
I remember'd 91. +
176.
remembered +
178.
remorse 81. + 243.
remove 86. + 251.
removed 86. + 252.
removing 86. +
251.
render +181.
renew'd + 160.
renewest +160.
renews + 162.
renown + 262.
rent + 184.
rents + 185.
renying + 143.
repair 44. + 226.
repay + 218.
WORD-INDEX.
285
repeal + 168.
repeat 267.
repent + 184.
repine + 151.
replenish 91. +
180.
replies +157.
report 80. + 241.
repose + 236.
reprehend + 182.
reprove 86. + 251.
reproving 86. +
252.
reputation + 203.
require + 155.
resemble + 175.
resisteth + 133.
resolution + 164.
resolving + 240.
resort 80. + 241.
resound + 263.
respect + 193.
respecting + 193.
respects + 193.
rest41. + 191.192.
restoratives 19.
267.
restore + 235.
restrain + 224.
restrains + 225.
re-survey 64. +
218.
retire 98. + 155.
revenue 105. 109.
reverend 113.
review + 159.
reviveth + 145.
revolving + 240.
reword 78. 79.
reworded 7 7. 78.+
241.
rhyme + 144.
rhymes + 144.
ride 27. + 146.
ridest 111.
ridiculous + 260.
right + 149.
rigour + 134.
rime + 144.
rimes + 144.
riot 109.
rise + 157.
rite 100. + 149.
roam 74.
roaming 73.
roar 112.
rock'd + 244.
rocks + 244.
rod 69. 75.
rolling + 248.
roll'd + 249.
Rome 73. 74. 91.
+ 251.
rood 69. 88.
room 73. 74.91.+
251.
root 87. + 252.
rope's 111.
Rosalind 19.
rose 73. + 236.
rotted + 239.
rotten + 239.
rough 94. + 256.
round + 263.
royal 58.
ruin 114.
ruinate + 198.
ruining 11 4. + 135.
ruminate + 198.
run + 257.
rural 58.
rushes + 261.
rusty + 260.
ruth 33. + 162.
sad 53. + 207.
saddle-bow + 230.
sadly + 207.
sage53.111.+ 197.
said 46. + 220.
saints 112.
sake + 205.
same 50. 66.+ 195.
sands + 209.
sang + 216.
sat + 208.
satiety +143.
satisfied + 147.
satisfy + 142.
saucily + 142.
savour + 196.
saw 7. 65. 66. 67.
+ 227.
sawn + 227.
say 40. 55. + 218.
says + 243.
scale + 199.
scales 56.
scant + 210.
scape 110.
scar + 211.
scarce 97.
scarcity + 142.
scene 35. + 168.
scholar 45.
school + 253.
schools + 253.
scope + 231.
scorch + 242.
score + 235.
scorn 80. + 242.
243,
scowling + 264.
scratch 44. + 208:
sea 7. 34. 42. +
164.
seas 36.
season + 174.
seat 38. + 167.
secrecies + 157.
secrecy + 142.
see 9. + 118.
seeing +119.
sees + 125.
seek + 126.
seeks + 126.
seem + 120.
seeming + 120.
seems 15. + 120.
seen 10. 11. 19. +
124.
seizure + 173.
self-applied + 147.
self-trust + 260.
sell + 186.
send + 181.
sense + 186.
286
WORD-INDEX.
sensible 96. +266.
simplicity + 142.
sent + 184.
sin 10* 11. 18. +
sentinel 20. + 186.
129.
set 47. + 179.
sinewy 109. 113.
settled 115.
sing + 135. 136.
severe 36. + 169.
singled +136.
shade 53.
sings + 136.
shaded + 196.
singular 45. 90.
shaft 94.
109. + 211.
shake + 205.
sir 23.
shaken + 206.
sire + 155.
shakes + 207.
sit 20. + 128.
shall 50. 58. 66.
sits + 129.
shame + 195.
skies + 157.
share + 200.
skill + 130.
she 9. + 118.
skin + 129.
sheaves + 166.
skips + 126.
shed v. 17.
skirt 23.
— pt., pp. + 178.
sheds 17. + 123.
sky + 142.
slab 52.
sheep +119.
slack + 216.
shield 12. + 125.
slain + 222.
shielded 12. + 125.
. slaketh + 206.
shift 20. + 127.
slander 59. + 209.
shine + 151.
slaughter 93. 94.
shines + 153.
+ 227.
shirt 22.
slave 53. + 196.
shoon 74.
slay + 218.
shore + 235.
sleep +119.
short 62. 79. + 242.
sleeping +119.
shorter 62.
sleeps + 120.
should 96. + 253.
sleeve 15.
show 8. 32. 71. 84.
slew + 159.
+ 230. 247.
slide + 147.
showers + 265.
slip + 126.
shown 71. + 248.
slips + 126.
shows + 236.
sliuces + 164.
show'st + 250.
slow + 231.
shrew 71.
small 66.
shrine +151.
smart 46.
shrows 71. 73.
smarts + 214.
shudder 62. +256.
smell + 186.
shun + 257.
smelling + 187.
sick +134.
smells + 188.
side + 147.
smile + 153.
sight + 149.
smiled + 154.
sights + 150.
smiling + 153.
Simonides 36.
smiteth + 150.
simple + 127.
smoke + 237.
smote 70.
snare 54. + 200.
snew 47.
snow71.84. + 231.
so 71. + 231.
society + 142.
sod 114.
sodden 114.
sold 84. 89.
soldier 111.
some 88. + 254.
something 106.
son 87. 88. 89. +
257
song + 244. '
songs + 245.
sons + 258.
soon + 253.
sore + 235.
sorrow 114. +
240.
sorrowing + 135.
sorry 70. + 235.
sort 80. + 242.
sought + 248.
soul 72. 84. 89. +
248.
souls 85.
sound + 263.
sounds + 264.
sour + 268.
souring + 265.
sours + 265.
sovereignty+ 118.
space + 202.
spare + 200.
speak + 175.
speaks +175.
spear + 169.
speech 17.
speed +122.
speeding + 122.
spent +184.
sphere 35.
spied + 147.
spies + 157.
spight 100.
spill + 130.
spill'd +131.
WORD-INDEX.
287
spilling +131.
spirit 20. 113. +
+ 132.
spite 100. 110. +
149.
spleen 11. + 124.
spoil 83. + 246.
sport 80. + 242.
spread 37. + 178.
sprightlOO.+ 149.
spring + 135. 136.
springs +136.
sprite 100. + 149.
spur 22. 23. 24. +
258.
spy + 142. 143.
squirt 22.
staff 94.
stage +197.
stain + 222.
stain'd + 223.
staineth + 223.
stale 65.
stalks + 229.
stand + 209.
stares + 201.
stars +214.
starteth + 213.
state 43. 56. + 198.
stay + 218. 219.
stay'd + 220.
stealeth + 168.
stedfastly + 142.
steed + 122.
steel + 124.
steep + 119.
steer 36.
stell'd 12. 13. +
125. 187.
steps 37. + 175.
sticks + 134.
still + 130.
stillitory 109.
sting + 135.
stir 22. 23. 25. +
258.
stone 69. 71. 75.
108. + 234.
stones 71. + 234.
stood 69. 87.+ 252.
sun 73. 76. 85. 88.
stopt + 23N9-
store 74. + 235.
+ 257.
sung 91. + 261.
stories + 235.
support 80. + 242.
storm 77. + 241.
suppose + 236.
storms 77. + 241.
suppress'd + 192.
story 70. + 235.
surmise + 157.
stout + 262.
surprise + 157.
straight + 220.
surmount + 264.
strange + 210.
survey v. 42. 64.
stranger + 210.
+ 218.
straw + 227.
survive + 144.
stream 35. + 165.
suspect + 193.
strength + 193.
sustain + 222.
strict + 134.
sustaining + 223.
strife + 145.
swains + 225.
strike + 158.
swan + 208.
striking + 158.
sway + 218. 219.
strive + 144.
sway'st + 226.
strived + 144.
swear + 170.
strives + 145.
swearing +171.
stroke + 236.
swears + 172.
strong + 245.
sweat 37. + 167.
stronger + 245.
sweet 16. + 123.
strumpeted 96. +
sweetness + 123.
178.
sweets 95. + 123.
stud 69/87.
swerving + 188.
studs f 258.
swine 26. 28. +
style + 153.
151.
subdue + 159.
swollen 96.
subdued + 160.
sword78.79.+241.
subjection + 193.
swords 78. + 241.
subornation +
swore + 235.
203.
sworn 80. + 243.
subsist + 133.
swounds + 264.
subscribes + 143.
sycamore 75.
subtil ties + 157.
sympathised +
subtilty +118.
158.
success + 190.
such 88. + 25) .7
sympathy + 142.
Syria 55.
suck'd + 26 1/
suddenly + 142.
tail 63.
suffice + 157.
take + 205. 206.
sufficed + 158.
taken + 206.
suing 33. 42. 61.
takes + 207.
+ 160.
takest + 206.
suit + 161.
taking + 206.
sum + 254.
tale 50. + 199.
sums + 254.
talk 93. + 229.
288
WORD-INDEX.
tall 50. 65. 66.
things + 136.
took 74.
tallow 50.
think + 136.
torch + 242.
tame 55. + 195.
this + 132.
tore + 235.
taste 55. + 205.
thistle 95.
tormenteth + 184.
tasted + 205.
thither 21. 113. +
touch + 25f . 7
teach 16. + 167.
189.
torn 80. + 243.
tear 39. 43. + 170.
thorn 80. + 243.
toward + 232.
172.
those 67. 73. +
towards 75.
tears 39. 43. +
236.
tower 89.
172.
thou 89.
towers + 265.
teen + 124.
though 112.
town 85.
teeth 13. 98. + 125.
thought + 248.
toy 83. + 246.
tell + 187.
thrall 58. 4 228.
toys 82.
tells + 188.
threat + 179.
trance 60. +211.
temperate +199.
three 8. + 118.
trances 60. + 211.
tempering 45. 91.
threne + 168.
transf erred + 188.
+ 176.
threw 32. + 159.
translate + 199.
tend + 181.
thrive + 144.
treason + 174.
tender +181.
thriveth + 145.
treasure + 173.
tender'd 91. +182.
throne 71. + 234.
treasures 174.
tenderer 109.
throng + 245.
tree +118.
tent + 184.
thrown 71.
tremble + 175.
testament +184.
throws + 237.
trench'd + 185.
than + 208.
thrust + 260.
trial + 143.
thaw'd + 227.
thunder 98. +257.
tribes + 143.
the 110. 114.115.
thus + 260.
tricks + 134.
thee 8. 16. 70. 86.
tied + 147.
tried + 147.
+ 118.123.155.
time 91. + 144.
trim + 127.
162. 163. 166.
times + 144.
trips +126.
167. 171. 172.
timorous 109.
troth 72. + 236.
224.
tire +155.
trouble + 253.
theft 20. + 176.
tired + 155.
troubled + 254.
their 63.
'tis 110.
troubles + 254.
them + 124. 155.
to 110. 115. +250.
Troy 83. + 246.
theme 35. + 165.
toe 71.
true 32. + 159.
themselves 106.
together 21. 40.+
trust 88. + 260.
then 11. 47. +180.
189.
trusty 88. + 260.
thence 186.
toil 82.
truth 33. 72. 162.
there 39. 44.+ 170.
toil'd + 246.
try + 143.
thereby 106. +142.
told + 249.
tun 69. 88.
therefore 72.
Tom 62.
tune 30.
these 36.
tomb 86. 90. 91.+
Turk 81.
they 40. 62. 63.
251.
turn 88.
64. + 219.
to-morrow + 240.
turning + 259.
thick + 134.
tone 69. 75.
turn'd + 258.
thief + 121.
tongue + 261. ^
twain + 222.
thieves +121.
tongues + 261.
'twas 110.
thine 27. + 151.
too 7. 8. 32. 85. +
twenty + 184.
thing + 135.
250.
twixt 110.
WORD-INDEX.
289
two 85.
tyrannize + 157.
tyranny + 142.
umpire 109.
unacted + 216
unaware 54. +2 00.
unback'd 106.
unbred + 178.
uncertainly + 142.
unclean 35.
unconquered +
178
under + 257.
understood 87. +
252.
undone + 257.
unfathered 52. +
214
unfinish'd + 133.
unfold + 249.
unjust + 260.
unkind + 152.
unknown 71. +
248.
unlaced + 205.
unlikely 20. 28.
267. + 158.
unlived 19.+ 144.
unmeet + 123.
unprovident +
184
unrespected+ 193.
unrest + 192.
unseen + 124.
unset 47. + 179.
unsheathed + 173.
unspotted + 239.
unswept 37.
unto 85. + 250.
251.
untold + 249.
untrimm'd + 127.
untrue 32. + 159.
unwed + 178.
unwholesome 93.
unwilling +131.
unwise 105.
up 7. 8. 23. 88. +
254.
upheaveth 15. +
165.
uphold + 249.
upon 70. 88. 108.
112. + 239.
uprear + 170.
uprise 106.
upsydown 88.
urge + 258.
us 30. 85. 110. 115.
use s. 8. + 164.
-v. 8. 30. + 162.
163.
used + 163.
usest +163.
usury + 118.
vaded + 196.
vain 8 + 222.
Valentine 91.
vanisheth 40.
+ 190.
variable 113.
variety + 143.
varying 113.
vassalage 53.
+ 197.
vaunt59.60. + 210.
vein 47. 64. + 222.
veins 64. + 225.
venom'd 109.
venture 45. 109.
+ 184.
venturing 45. 91,
109. + 185.
vermin 22.
vernal 22.
verse 24. + 189.
vice + 158.
victory + 142.
view +160.
vie west + 160.
viewing +160.
views + 162.
vigour + 134.
village 53.
violet + 179.
Vie tor, Shakespeare's Pronunciation. I.
viper 97.
virgin 22.
virtue 22. 29.
vive (F.) 112.
voice 34. 83. + 247.
vow + 262.
waist 54. 55. 56.
+ 205.
wait 43. 56.
wake + 205.
! waking + 206.
walks + 229.
wall 58. + 228.
want 59. 60.+ 210.
wanteth60.+210.
wanting 60. + 2 10.
wantonly + 142.
wantonness + 190.
wantst 95.
war 59. 92. + 211.
ward 46. + 212.
wares 56.
warm 59. + 212.
warm'd + 212.
wary + 200.
was 59. 61. 92.99.
110. + 215.
waste 55. + 205.
wasted 55. + 205.
Wasteful 55.
jjvratch 61. + 208.
-/Wter 60. 92. 94.
+ 208.
! Waterdown 60.
water-drops +238.
wave +196.
way 8. 40. + 219..
ways + 226.
, we 9.
I weak + 175.
1 weal 19. 34.
wear v. + 170.
wears v. + 172.
weary 39
weather 21.+ 189.
wed + 178.
weed + 122.
weeding 16.
19
290
WORD-INDEX.
weeds + 123.
week + 126.
weeks + 126.
ween 10.
weep +119.
weeping +119.
weeps -120.
well + 187.
we'll 115.
went +.184.
were + 170.
west 41. + 192.
wet + 179.
what 9. 59. 93.
whate'er 113.
what's 110.
wheel 93. + 124.
whe'r 110. 113.
where 39. + 170.
where'er 113.
wherefore 106.
whether 21. 40,
110. 113. + 190.
while + 153.
whirl 23.
whistle 95.
white 100. +
149.
whither +190.
whole 9 :.-».
wholesome 93.
whore 74.
why + 142.
wide + 147.
wield + 125.
wife + 145.
wights + 150.
wildness + 164.
Will + 131.
will 19. 34. 115.
+ 131.
willeth +131.
willing + 131.
win 10. 91. + 129.
wind s. 19. + 152.
winds s. + 153. .
wing + 135.
wings + 136.
wise + 158.
wit 20. + 128.
with 13. 98. + 132.
withal + 228.
withdrew + 160.
within + 129.
without 105. 107.
+ 262.
wits 19. + 129.
witty + 128.
woe 73. + 231.
woes 73. + 237.
woman 73.
women 73. 92.
womb90.91. + 251.
won + 257.
wonder + 258.
woo 73. 85. + 250.
251.
wood s. 87. + 256.
-a. 86. 87.+ 256.
wooer 72.
wooing 33. 42.61.
+ 250.
word76.78.79.81.
+ 241.
words 78. + 241.
wore + 235.
world 79. 81. 97.
work 81. + 260.
worse 24. 81. +
259.
worshipper 36. 39.
+ 188.
worst 24. 81.
worth80.81.+259.
wot 70. + 239.
would 96.
wound s. + 263.
wounding + 263.
wounds + 264.
wrack + 216.
wrath 61. + 214.
wrathful 61.
wretch 44. + 179.
writ + 128.
write 100. + 150.
wrong 82. 92. +
245.
wrongs + 245.
wroth 70.
wrought + 248.
ye + 162. 163.
year 8. + 170.
years + 172.
yell + 187.
yet 20. + 128.
yield 13. + 125.
yielded 12. + 125.
yields + 125.
yore + 235.
you 16.31.32.33.
114. + 133. 160.
young +261.
youth 33. + 162.
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