Shells and sea life

ISSN 0747-6078

Shells and Sea Life

JANUARY evo 1988

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S&SL - CONTENTS — VOLUME 20, NUMBER 1.

5. On the Tongan Reefs. Neiafu, Vava’u Island, Kingdom of Tonga.

4. Melanellids & Sea Cucumbers.
by Peggy Williams
by Bob Purtymun
7. Shell Terminology
9: Swimming Nudibranchs.
_ by Roland Anderson
11. on the Driftline_ — —
12. Clam by Scooter Beers
13. CURRENT ADDRESSES
14. CALENDAR

COVER ILLUSTRATIONS
Miscellaneous printing cuts (engravings).

Editor’s Notes

Welcome to our 20th volume!
We're still here and glad that so many
of you are enjoying our publication.
Thanks for all the calls and notes.

We have finally given up on the
larger format. Our printing equip-
ment simply could not handle the large
size and with postal rates due to go up
soon we did not want to raise the price
of the publication. The October issue
was a disaster forus. We were unable
to complete printing the pages without
cutting the sheets in half. Even then

we lost many pages and had to reprint .

the pages ourselves after giving up on
the professional help. This limits us
to the page size you see here.

Shell organizations are the heart of
all malacology. Every professional
malacologist I know started out as a
collector and most belonged to one or
more clubs early in their training.
Today, memberships are declining
across the board and at all levels;
something must be done to reverse this
trend.

One of our projects for this year is to
do covers with logos for all the clubs.
If your club is interested, send the
artwork for your logo (must be less than
2 square inches) and $10 to cover the
costs of having a cut made. We will
use the illustrations on a least 3 issues
during 1988 and if there is enough
response, we may _ continue
permanently.

We have also cut advertising rates
and offer senior citizen, student, and
club member subscription discounts.
These lower rates and discounts make it
possible for everyone to pursue their
shell interests. If anyone is unable to
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Subscriptions do not begin to cover the
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S&SL 20(1) 3

Melanellids —
& Sea
Cucumbers

Peggy Williams
Rt. 3, Box 28, Sarasota, FL 33580

One of the most interesting habitats
of mollusks is as a parasite on other
organisms. The"Sea Cucumber" is an
echinoderm, related to sea stars andsea
urchins, sharing the characteristics of
tube feet and radial symmetry. Sea
Cucumbers are soft-bodied, however,
and move slowly across the ocean floor

ingesting sand for the nutriments found '

in it. When disturbed they have the
ability to eviscerate, that is, disgorge

their internal organs, leaving the sticky ©

mass to trap or distract their attacker
and crawling away to live on and grow
new body parts.

Illustrations at right: i
1. Holothuria phantopus ‘ss
2. Holothuria squamata —
4. Holothuria fuscus i
. from Griffith & Pidegon 1834

MELLANELLID

Many Sea Cucumbers are host to
parasitic mollusks of the family
Melanellidae, which live in and on the
host’sflesh. Iunderstandsome canbe
found actually living inside the larger
animal, but all the specimens] have col-
lected have been on the surface, cling-
ing tightly so they must be pried off with
afingernail. There may be as many as
6 or 8 specimens on a single Sea Cucum-
ber, but they must be removed quickly
before the host begins contracting its
body in an effort to escape. Theyre
also hard to hold on to because they're
very smooth-sided and thus slippery!

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4 S&SL 20(1)

On the Tongan Reefs

Neiafu, Vava’u Island, Hinge er of Tonga.

Bob Purtymun

1200 Brickyard Way #407, Point Richmond, CA 94801

020986 Dive #2; 18.413S
174.01.6W Scuba 10-25 feet. 85
minutes. In the channel between
Mala and Kapa Islands.

Sunday, Feb. 9, 1986. After
lunch on the way back to Neiafu,
our skipper anchored the boat in

the channel between the islands of.

Mala and Kapa. It is a shallow
channel about ten feet deep, but
quite wide. I would estimate the
width at 5000 feet. The bottom is
hard coral with a light covering of
fine silty sand. “About fifty yards
to the east of our anchorage was a
small outcroping of coral that
would produce astonishing results
before the day was over. West of
the boat was the dark blue of deep
water.

David McLean, the local shell
authority, (see HSN Sept., 1986),
Andy Butler, Wes, and I elected to
take the skiff out to the center of
the channel to make our dive.
The other scuba divers went off the
big boat into the deep water, and
the snorkelers headed out to the
shallow water near the outcrop-
ping of coral. The water was
about ten feet deep where we
anchored the skiff. This was a
sheller’s dive. There were no
spectacular corals nor colorful fish
-- just a flat coral bottom with
patches of fine, silty sand, a few
dead coral heads and slabs and a

patch of antler coral here and

there. A sparse green, weedy
growth added the only color. In

this type of area (a channel
between two islands), the predomi-
nant current usually runs from east
to west, a fact that proved to be
true here. On the western side of
the coral heads, slabs, and clumps
of antler coral, the silty sand was
always deeper. Protected by
these obstructions the current had
piled up triangular trails of sand
up to two inches deep, and four to
six feet long. Carefully fanning
this sand, I have found many sand
shells. On this dive this habitat
added the following specimens to
my collection: Vexillum unifascia-
lis, V. exasperatum, V. sangui-
sugum, Imbricaria conularis, Domi-
porta filaris, Otopleura nodicincta
an ?Otopleura sp., Nassarius pau-
perus, Terebra cinguilifera, T. affin-
is, ?T. sp., Oliva miniacea, and two
unidentified species of turrids. In
the sand under the slabs and coral
heads were two nice Conus textiles,
four species of bivalves, and a
Triphoridae (unidentified). On
the bottom of these slabs were
Morula fiscella, a ?Murex sp.,
Turbo petholatus, and two pectens
attached by their byssus. Out in
the open in the weedy growth I
found a Conus vexillum to com-
plete the dive.

(Continued next page) iY

S&SL 20(1) 3)

Bottom time on this shallow dive
was 85 minutes, so two hours had
elapsed from the time that we left
the big boat until ourreturn. One
of the deep divers in our group,
Frank Miller, had used up his air
fairly quickly on a deep dive.
With plenty of time and energy left
he had snorkeled out to the
outcroping of coral to turn a few
slabs. When queried about his
catch on his return to the boat he
held up a beautiful live Conus
floccatus Sowerby, 1839 about two
inches long. It was under a coral
slab in four feet of water. Very,
very rare in Tonga, David said that
he had only seen one in the twelve
years that he had been on the
island. He collected it. Up/until
now, I had never heard of one
being found alive in shallow water.

020986 Dive #2 18.413S X
174.01.6W
Scuba, 85 minutes, 10 to 25 feet.

In the channel between Mala
Island and Kapa Island. The
bottom is flat hard coral with
patches of fine silty sand, a few
dead coral heads and slabs, and a
patch of antler coral here and
there. A- sparse green weedy
growth added the only color. In
this type of an area, (a channel
between two islands), the predomi-
nate current usually runs from east
to west. A fact that proved to be
true here. On the western side of
the coral heads, slabs, and clumps

of antler coral, the silty sand was -

always deeper. Protected by
these obstructions the current had

piled up triangular trails of sand up |

to two inches deep, and four to six
feet long.

GASTROPOD

2 Conus textile nn

4 C. vexillum an

1 C. marmoreus #4461

4 ?Clavus sp. #12805

1 Tiurrid sp. #12806

1 Vexillum unifascialis #12245
6 V. exasperatum #4126

_ 3 V. sanguisugum #4429

1 Imbricasia conularis #12246
1 Domiporta filaris #12254

1 @riphorid sp. #4456

2 Nassarius pauperus #7712
4 Oliva miniacea nn

1 Turbo petholatus nn

1 ?Murex sp. #7270

1 Morula fiscella #4457

1 Otopleura nodicincta #4460
1 7Ofopleura sp. #4459

2 Terebra cingulifera #4722
1 T. affinis #4723

1 Terebra sp. #4721

BIVALVE

Brachidontes crebristratus
with oyster sp. on dorsum
Chiamys squamosa #4471
Anadara antiquata nn
Codakia divergens #4472
Fragum fragum nn

Fulvia tenuicostata nn
?Pecten sp. #4417

bivalve sp. #4458

_

ae oe a a a a

Next month we will return to the
channel at the Mala Island to look
for Fusinus and Mitra nubila.

S&SE 20(4)

Shell Terminology.

from The Mollusca and Radiata. Arranged by Baron Cuvier....
London, 1834.

. As we have inserted four plates in explanation of the terms
made use of in conchology, it becomes necessary to advert -
here to such of the references as could not be engraved on the
coppers. .

The figures of untvalve spiral shells include,

1. An involute shell, with the spiral horns separate, and
the siphon ventral. Spirula Australis (Peronii, Lam.,) Nau-
lilis spirula, Gm.

9. A multilocular shell, the spire invisible, siphon medial.

3. A monolocular shell, subinvolute, columella plaited.
Voluta musica.

4, An involute shell, emarginated or notched, narrow
mouthed. Oliva littorata, Lam.

4. a. Shell without columella. Jd.

4, b. Shell with sulcated suture. Jd.

5. A globular shell, aperture semicircular, left edge cepts
form. Nerita peloronta.

6. A turriculated siphonostomatous shell; a. anterior ex-
tremity (inf. Lin.)—b. the canal—e. right or external edee—
d. emargination, or notch—e. posterior sinus—f. umbilical
~ cleft—g. left or inner edge. Pleurotoma (Murex, Say, Ba-
bylonza.

7. A turriculated shell, columella smooth and Eoneatedl
Helix (Bulimus) zebra.

8. A monolocular ampullaceous entomostomatous shell;
a, emargination, or notch. “Buccinum dolium, Lin. (Dolium
maculatum, Lam.)

S&SL 20(3)

Yellusca Pl ih.

Univalve spiral shells.

London. Published: by Whittaker &: (“Ave Maria Lane t33.

S&SL 20(1)

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Abbott, R.T. 1958. Marine Moliusca of Grand
Cayman Island, British West Indies, Philadelphia
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Baba, K. 1949. Opisthobranchia of Sagami Bay
collected by His Majesty the Emperor of Japan.
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Shells & Sea Life January 1988 Supplement

On the

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Bookshelf

OPE

from Seashell Tre Treasures Books

Allan, J.K. 1950. Australian Seashells. xix + 470p., 44
(many color) pls., 8vo cloth, worn: - $45
American Journal of Conchology. Vols. 1-7. 1965-1872.

[28 parts], 153 plates, many hand-colored; 9

Fig. 4. Iv verrneoaa, Reeve.
5, * lurida, Anth.

" rhombiea, Anth.

portraits, 8vo halfleather. A good set of this rare
work, complete. - $1295.00

American Malacological Union 1955. How to collect
shells. Ist. ed. - $3

American Malacological Union 1961. How to collect
Shells. 2nd. ed. - $3

American Malacological Union 1975. Bulletin of the
American Malacological Union, Inc., for 1975.
95p., ill., sm4to wraps. - $8.95

American Malacological Union, 1974. How to study
and collect shells. 4th ed. 107p, ill, 8vo soft
cover. Excellent introduction to the range of
conchological studies. Articles gathered
through many years, written by acknowledged
experts in a manner understandable to beginner
and advanced collector alike. - $2.50

American Museum of Natural History 1958. Resultsof

the Puritan-American Museum of Natural
' History Expedition to Western Mexico, 1957.

All 20 Novitates & Bulletins reporting on the

expedition. Authors include: Emerson, Jacobson,
_ Hertlein & others. Almost all articles on

mollusks or include mollusks. Owner stamps.

Bound in one large volume with dividers between
each B parts $125. at

Anderson & Martin 1914. Neocene Record in the
+ poe Basin, California. 98p., 10 pls. Bound
Anderson, F.M. & G.D. Hanna 1925. Fauna and
Stratigraphic Relations of the Tejon Eocene at
the Type Locality in Kern County, California.
249p., 16 pls., cr4to original wraps untrimmed,
owner stamp. $25
Anderson, F.M. 1929. FV. Marine Miocene andrelated ~
deposits of North Colombia. p.73-213, pls. 8-23,
cr4to photocopy, spiral bound. - $15
Anderson, F.M. 1958. Upper Cretaceous of the Pacific
Coast. 378p., 75pls., original 8vo cloth, signature
inside cover. Includes almost 200p. on mollusks
and the majority of the plates. - $35
Anderson, R. 1985. Guide to Florida seashells. 56p.,
col. ill. SB - $3
Andrea, A. 1884. Der diluvialsand von hangenbietenim
Unter-Elsass, .... 81p., 2 pls. Also: 1887. Die
Glossophoren des Terr. a Chailles der Pfirt.
45p., 1 pl. Old boards with cloth spine. - $20
Andrusov, N. 1897. Fossile und lebende Dreissesidae
Eurasians. 13p., 20 pls. Large 4to. Old boards
with cloth spine. - $37 -
Angel H 1982. The Book of Nature Photography.
168p., 100+ col & bw ill., 8vo cloth, dj - $18
Angel, H. 1981. The Guinness Book of Seashore Life
(Britain’s Natural Heritage). 160p., color plates,
maps & line drawings throughout, cr8vo cloth, dj,
as new - $16
Angeletti S. 1968. Conchiglie da Collezione. Photos C.
Bevilacqua. 80p., col. ill. 4to cloth. Italian text.
1968 - $14
Angeletti, S. 1973. Color Treasury of Sea Shells. Sea
Shells. How to Identify and Collect Them. Introd.
M. Tweedie. 64p.,col. ill. 4to cloth. Basedonthe
original Italian edition. - $9
Angeletti, S. 1978. The Seas and their Shells.
Translated by J. Richardson. 334p., 262ill.
(250+ col.), Ig8vo cloth, dj torn. - $15

4 Ne ts oe helene Sea Life January 1988 Supplement

Baker, H.B. 1941. Zonitid Snails from Pacific Islands.
Parts3and4. p.205-370, pls. 43-65, figs., Toy8vo,
wraps. waterstains; several pages require
separation. - $18

Baker, H.B. 1963. Type Land Snails in the Academy of
Natural Sciences of Philadelphia Part II. Land
Pulmonata...N of Mexico. p.191-259, - $7

Barnard, K.H. 1951. A beginner's guide to South
African shells. 215p.,col. frontis. + col. pls.A-D,

_ + 32B-Wpls., 8vo blue cloth, dj worn. - $20

Barnes, R.D. 1974. Invertebrate Zoology, 3rd ed.
“Saunders Co, 632p, ill, cr4to cloth. - $19.95

Barr, L., Barr, N. 1983. Under Alaskan Seas. The
Shallow Water Marine Invertebrates. 208

_.__- pages, 241 color photos. Softcover - $15

_ Barrett, J. & C.M. Yonge 1958. Collins Pocket Guide to

the Sea Shore. 272p., 40coLpls., 40B-Wpls.,
750+ ill, 280 color} ca 200 text figs., cr8vo hard
cover, fine - $19

Barrett, R. & D. Patterson [eds.] 1967. Shells &
Shelling. Florida, Gulf & Caribbean. Post Publ.
_ Co., 64p., col. ill., 8vo, color soft cover. revised for
1970 edition. water stain, owner name - $4

Barrett, R. & D. Patterson [eds.] 1970 Shells &
Shelling. Florida, Gulf and South Atlantic.
Fletcher Publ. Co., 64p., col. ill., 8vo, color soft
cover. revised as ’first edition’ by S. Romashko &
Windward Publishing 1984. cover soiled - $4

_ Bartsch, P. 1909. Pyramidellidae of New England and

the Adjacent Region. p.67-113, pls. 11-14.

_ [uncut, good condition, some Staining on spine. ]-
$30

__ Bartsch, P. 1913. The Giant Species of the Molluscan

~ Genus Lima obtained in Philippine and Adjacent
Waters. p.z p.235-240, pls. 12-20. - $11

Bartsch, P. 1915. Report on the Turton Collection of

South African Marine Mollusks, with additional

notes on other South African Shells contained in «

the United States National Museum. 305p., 54
pls., 8vo wraps. [includes over 700 species} - $48
Bartsch, P. 1917. Monograph Melanellid. Mollusks.

a? Proc. USNM (2207): - $15 |
_ Bartsch, P. 1917. The Philippine Land Shells of the
Genus Amphidromus. U.S.N.M. Bull. 100,
1(1):1-47, pls. 1-22 (1 clr), tbls, 8vo wraps,

untrimmed. - $24.75
Bartsch, P. 1922. A Monograph of the American
Shipworms. p.1-51, pls. 1-37, 8vo, wraps
_ scorched. contents good. - $18

_ Bartsch, P. 1938. The Tree Snails of the Genus

Cochlostylas of Mindoro Province Philippine
Islands. USNM Bull. 100, 6(9):373-533, pls 94-
120, 8vo wraps, uncut. - $32.50
Bartsch, P, et al 1946. A Bibliography and Short
Biographical Sketch of William Healey Dall.
_ p-1-96, 1 pl, 8vo wraps, Reprint 1975 - $15
Basly, J. Moluscos Marinos Del Norte de Chile.
Spanish. 49p., paperbound catalog of mollusks of
northern Chile. Black & white photos. - $11
Batten, R.L. 1985. Permian Gastropods from Perak,
Malaysia. Part 3. The Murchisoniids, Cerithiids,
Loxonematids, and Subulitids. p- = 140, hes 1-
- 62. - $4

Chapin, H., Walton Smith, F.G. 1952. The Ocean River.
Scribner’s, NY 325p., photos & figs, 8vo cloth, dj,
library bookplate. - $15.00

Child J 1957 Shellfish of the Bay of Plenty. Periwinkle
Press, Auckland, 48p., 70 figs., 8vo wraps. fading
on spine - $9

Child J 1968 Australian Sea Shells. 3rd ed. Lansdown
Press, Melbourne, 80p., color Photos & Grawings,
wraps. - $14

Chilka Lake 1916 Mollusca Gastropoda and
Lamellibranchiata, with an account of the
Anatomy of the common Solen. Mollusca
Nudibranchiata, Stages in the Life of Gobius,
Petroscirtes and Hemirhamphus. Cumacea. Fish,

__ Pt. I. Mem. Indian Mus. 5:327-439, pls. [Authors:
N. Annandale, C. Eliot, & others -very rare, needs
binding] page edges chipped, not affecting text

~ . which is good - $40

Chukhchin VD 1984 [Ecology of the Gastropods of the
Black Sea.] Naukowa Dumka, Kiev, 176p., ill., [in
Russian], S - $17

Ciriacks, K.W. 1963. Permian and Eotriassic Bivalves
of the Middle Rockies. Bull. AMNH 125(1):1-
100, 16 pls., figs. 1-4, cr4to wraps. - $18

Clarke, A.H. 1981. The Freshwater Molluscs of

pues 446p., 179 species illustrated, 8vo cloth,
- $39.95

Gane A.H. 1981. The Tribe Alasmidontini, Pt. 1.
Pegias, Alasmidonta, Arcidens. Smithsonian
‘Contrib. Zool. (326):101p., 4to, SB - $20

Clarke, A.H. 1985. The Tribe Alasmidontini, Pt. 2.
Smithsonian Contrib. Zool. (399):75p., 4to, SB -
$15

Clarke, A.H. [ed.] 1968. Papers on the Rare and
Endangered Mollusks of North America.
Malacologia, 10(1):56p., 2 pls. $8

Clayton JM 1974 All Color Book of Seashells. Octopus

_ Books, NY, 72p., 100 col. ill., sm4to soft cover.

cover marred - $10

Clayton JM 1974 All Color Book of Seashells. Geapes
Books, NY, 72p., 100 col. ill, sm4to cloth, dj.
jacket almost perfect, contents fine - $15

' Coleman, N. 1978. A Look at Wildlife of the Great

Barrier Reef. Bay Books, Rushcutters Bay,
Australia, 128p., col.ill., cloth, dj. - $13

CNR N. 1981. A Field Guide to the Marine Life of
South-Eastern Australia. Rigby Publishers
Ltd., 167 pages, 200 color photos. Introductory
‘guide to fishes and invertebrates of the region.
Includes scientific and common name, habitat,
depth, size, , Tange, and abundance. ere ouaG -
$20

Coleman, N. 1981. Shells Alive! 96 pages, 140+

_ photos incolor & bw including many living animal

photos, 7.75x10.25in cloth, dj. - $15.95

Coleman, N. 1985. Beginner’s Guide to Underwater
Marine Biology. Neville Coleman, Australia, 48p.,

_ coL&B-W ill, SB - $12

Coleman, W., Limoges, C. [eds.] Studies in History of
Biology. Vols. 1-7. 1352 pages in 7 hardbound
volumes. Anexcellent collection of papers inthe:
history of biology. John Hopkins Univ. Press,
Baltimore, MD. $136.50 list price. Special offer for
the set. - $100.00

Shells & Sea Life January 1988 Supplement. heh 7 5)

Dautzenberg, P. 1937. RESULTATS SCIENTIF-

IQUE DU VOYAGE AUX INDES ORI- |

ENTALES NEERLANDAISES de LL.AA.RR.

le Prince et la Princesse Leopold de Belgique. Vol.

II, Fasc. 18: 3. Familie Conidae. [Fi Mem. Mus.
Roy. D’Hist. Nat. Belgique, 2(18):284p., 3 col. pls.
4to. new cloth. - $85.00

Davis, M.H. 1983. No Ordinary Clam’ Book. A Cook
Book. Illustrations by Lois Ireland. 103p.,
6x8.Sin, soft bound. - $7.95

de la Torre & Bartsch 1938. Cuban operculate land
shells of the subfamily Chondropominae. Proc.
USNM, 85:193-423, figs. 71-101, pls. 7-39. - $25

de Laubenfels, M.W. 1954. The Sponges of the West-
Central Pacific. 306p, 12 pls, 200 text-figs, tbls.
Cr4to soft cover (worn a bit). - $42.50

de Oliveira & de Oliveira 1974. Dicionario Conquilio
Malacologico. 190 pages, sofibound. Spanish
language dictionary of malacological terms. - $6

de Oliveira, M.P. 1969. As Conchas. Introductiontothe —

study of shells. Spanish. Softbound, 86 pages. - $4

De Spieghel 1952. "Gloria Maris" Shells. 80 p., 64 plates,
Hardbound - $10

Deas W 1971 SEASHELLS OF AUSTRALIA. Rigby
Lid., Adelaide 32p., col. pls., cr4to cloth, dj. - $12

Dekay JE 1843 ZOOLOGY OF NEW YORK, OR
THE NEW-YCRK FAUNA; comprising detailed
descriptions of all the animals hitherto observed
within the State of New York... Part V:
MOLLUSCA & Part VI: CRUSTACEA. State of
New York, Part V. 271p., 40 col pls., spine
covering missing, minor spotting, otherwise good.

* = $250

Emerson, B.K. et al 1910. HARRIMAN ALASKA
SERIES. Volume IV. GEOLOGY AND
PALEONTOLOGY... Palache, W.H. Dall, E.0.
Ulrich & F.H. Knowlton additional authors.
[An excellent volume with many mollusks]
Smithsonian Inst.x + 173p., frontis., 33pls., 18 figs.
col. folded map, cr4to, green cloth, top edge gilt,
tissues facing pls. - $65

Emerson, W.K., Jacobson, M.K. 1976. The American
Museum of Natural History guide to shells. NY,

__ 512p, 47 (16 col) pls, 8vo soft cover. - $12.95

Emerson, W.K., Jacobson, M.K. 1976. Guide to Shells-

_ American Museum of Natural History. 1000
illustrations with 47 pages of photographs, 16 full
color pages, 512 pages, covers over 800 species.

_ Hardbound - $18

Forbes E & Hanley 1853. A HISTORY OF BRITISH
MOLLUSCA, AND THEIR SHELLS. Vol. I. -

Including the Tunicata, and the families of

Lamellibranchiata as far as Cyprinidae. Vol. II.
Including the remaining species. London, VoL
.1:486p., pls. A-Z, AA-ZZ, AAA-SSS; Vol
IE:S57p., 8vo full leather, some wear, marbled
edges, some WS. - $350.00
Forcart L n.d. MOLLUSQUES TERRESTRES ET
D’EAU DOUCE. [French] Payot, Lausanne,
Switzerland, 21col. pis., sm8vo boards, copy No.
27 wom, author stamp - $17 ©
Ford, A. fed] 1951. Audubon’s Animals. Th
Quadrupeds of North America. Outdoor Life
edition, Studio Publ. Inc., NY, 222p., 156 illus,
many in color, 4to cloth little worn. - $20.00 _
Fowler H 1911 Annual Report on the New Jersey State
Museum including a list of the specimens and ~
publications received during the year. With a ~
Report on the Crustacea of New Jersey. State .
Printer, Trenton, NJ, 65Cp., 150pls., frontis., 8vo .
cloth. [150 plates including all Crustacea knownto -
inhabit state waters] green, very good - $130
Fox WT 1983 AT THE SEA’S EDGE. An introduction
te coastal oceanography for the amateur
naturalist. Illustrated by Clare Walker Leslie.
PHalarope Books, NY, 317p., ill, SB - $12
Francis-Boeus, C. 1947. Recherches sur le Milieu.
Fluvio-Marin et les depots d’Estunire. [French]
Ann. l'Inst. Oceanogr. 23(3):149-344, figs. 1-86,
sm4to wraps. soiled cover, uncut - $17
Furneaux, W.S. 1911. The Sea Shore. 436p.,8 colorpls.,
300+ B/W illustrations. Brown cloth binding,
hand stitched. Some water staining and mended
pages. Good coverage of flora and fauna of thesea
shore. 50 pages on mollusks. - $52
Galindo ES 1977 INDEX AND REGISTER OF
SEASHELLS. 533p., coL&B-W ill, SB - $32.50 _
Griefenede D 1981 BEITRAGE ZUR KENNTNIS
DER OLIVIDAE. [Contribution to the Study of
the Olividae.] [English language edition of this
valuable olivereference. Eachofthecolorplates
consists of 2 color photo prints of groups of shells.
340 specimens of 39 species. The quality is
excellent. Deals with systematics, conchology ©
and anatomy as well as biology, ecology, behavior
and evolution.} Acta Conchyl. Club Conchlia,
Nr.1/1981:200p., 28col.pis., maps, SB - $60
Griffith, L.M. Intertidal Univalves of British Columbia.
Companion to Intertidal Bivalves of British
Columbia. Covers the gastropods of Western
Canada and Northwestern U.S.A. Softcover - $5

6 Shells & Sea Life January 1988 Supplement

Grossu, A.V. 1981. Gastropoda Romaniae. Ordo
Stylommatophora. 3. Suprafamiliile Clausiliacea
Achatinacea. Universitatea din Bucuresti, Buc-
uresti, Hungary, 1-269, figs. 1-140 including 4 fold-
out maps. Hungarian, with English, French &
German summaries. - $30

Grossu, A.V. 1983. Gastropoda Romaniae. Ordo
-Stylommatophora. 4. Suprafam.: Arionacea,

. Zonitacea, Ariophantacea si Helicacea. Editura
Litera, Bucaresti, Hungary, 1-564, figs. 1-321.

Hungarian, with English & German summaries -.

$60
Grossu, A.V. 1987. Gastropoda Romaniae 2. Subclasa
Pulmonata. I. Ordo Basommatophora. II. Ordo
Stylommatophora. Suprafamiliile: Succinacea,

Cochlicopacea, Pupillacea. Fourth publication i

in the Gastropoda Romaniae series with 442
pages, roy8vo soft cover, 237 text figures. Final

volume in the series. Written in Romanian with —

summaries in English, Russian, French and
German. Latin names. Includes detailed
anatomical drawings. - $45.00
Grzimek, H.C.B. [1972] 1984. Grzimek’s Animal Life
Encyclopedia. 13 volume set, ca 500p per
volume, fully illustrated in color. Crdto soft
bound. Covers the

separately. Some clothbound volumes are still
available at $49.95 each. Translated from the
originalGerman. Postage and packing extra on
_ this set. - $295.00
Grzimek, H.C.B. [1972] 1984. Grzimek’s Animal Life
Encyclopedia. Vol. 3. Mollusks and Echinoderms.
540p., cr4to, hundreds of color illustrations.
Translated from original German. Cloth, dj. -
$49.95; Softbound. - $29.95

1V., V.—Conus ammiralis (Linr.).

Holmes, S.J., 1911. The Evolution of Animal
Intelligence. Holt & Co., New York, i-v + 1-296,
18 ill. line & halftone. Cloth binding 8.5x55°
spotted a bit, some pencil side lines in text. A good

. copy- $16

Hornell, J. 1910. The practice of oyster culture at
Arcachon and its lessons for India. Madras
Fish. Bull. 5, 90p., 8vo half cloth & boards, 6 pls., 7
text figs. re $35

animal kingdom. A -
remarkable set which sells for $29.95 per volume

Houghton, Rev. W. 71876. Walks of a Naturalist with
his children. Contains 2 parts. ist part. 154p.
country walks. 2nd part. 154p. seaside walks.
Bound together with good cloth binding. Good
condition, gold leaf page edges. - $58

Houston Gem & 1979 CRETACEOUS BIVALVES _

FROM TEXAS. Houston Gem & Mineral Soc.,
290p., ill, sm4to cloth. [large group of
identification sheets, carefully bound] - $58
Howell, B.F. 1951. The Vogdes Collection of
Trilobites. Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist.,
11(11):257-328, pls. 1-13. - $7
Hoyt, M. 1967. Jewells from the Ocean Deep. The
complete guide to shell collecting. G.P.
Putnam’s Sons, New York, p. 1-258, 81 line &
halftone ill - $18 ;

Jacobson, M.K. & W.K. Emerson 1961. Shells of the
‘New York City Area. 142pp, 150 drawings by A.
D’Attilio. Hardbound - $10

Johnson, A.S. et al 1974. An Ecological Survey of the
Coastal Region of Georgia. Nat. Park Serv. Sci.
Monogr. Ser. (3):xv + 233p, 35 figs photos & maps.
- 8vo wraps. - $12.50

Johnson, F.H. & MHaneda, Y. feds] 1966.
Bioluminescence in Progress. Proceedings of the
Luminescence Conference sponsored by the
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and
by the National Science Foundation...
Kanagawa- ken, Japan. Princeton Univ. Press,
663p., clr & bw ill, 8vo cloth, dj. - $65.00

Johnson, R.J. 1964. The Recent Mollusca of A.A.
Gould. USNM Bull. 239:1-182. - $15

Johnson, S. Living Seashells. 117p, 235 color photos,
8vo soft cover. - $8.95

Johnsonia. Monographs of the Marine Mollusca of the
Western Atlantic. Vols. 1-5. [All published,
starting 1941]. Fifty numbers, some reprint
editions, sm4to, wraps. - $300.00.

Johnsonia Volume 1 (Reprint) - $75.00

Johnsonia Volume 2 (Reprint) $75.00

Johnsonia. Monographs of the marine mollusca of the
western Atlantic. Mus. Comparative Zoology,
MA, Vol. 1(1)-5(50), some photomechanical
reprint. 1941 beginning. - $300

Johnstone, K-Y., 1970. Collecting Seashells. A
complete guide for both beginning and veteran
collectors that explores the wonder, the beauty
and the joys of one of the world’s most fascinating
hobbies. Grosset & Dunlap, New York, 198p., ill.
HB, cover soiled sand rubbed at corners - $20

Shells & Sea Life January 1988 Supplement 7

|

Kobelt, W. 1886. Catalog der Familie Melaniidae.
(Nach Brot’s Monographie in der zweiten
Ausgabe des Martini-Chemnitz.) Jahrb. Deu-
tschen Malacozool. Gesell. 4:275-310. - $11

Koehler, R. An Account of the Deep-Sea Asteroidea
collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship
Investigator. I. Les Asteries de Mer Profonde.
Pp. 143, 13 full pg tinted plts. Worn wraps, 4to.
Calcutta, 1909. Very rare account. Text in
French. Some text browning. - $25.00

Korringa P 1951 THE SHELL OF OSTREA EDULIS
AS A HABITAT. Archiv. Neerland. Zool. 10:32-
152, 13 figs., tbls. (1 foldout). wraps - $18

Kosuge S & 1985 ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUEOF
Latiaxis AND ITS RELATED GROUPS. Inst. of
Malacology, Spec.Pub.No.1, 83p., SCA Sols )pls.,
SB. - $35

Kosuge S 1979 BULLETIN OF THE INSTITUTE OF
MALACOLOGY TOKYO. Bull. Inst. Malaco-
logy Tokyo 1(1-10):1-154, pls. 1-54, 8vo wraps. -
$137

Kosuge S 1983 ILLUSTRATIONS OF TYPE
SPECIMENS OF MOLLUSCS DESCRIBED.
BY WILLIAM HEALEY DALL. Inst. of
Malacology, 64p., 29B-Wpls., SB. - $18

Kozloff, E.N. 1973. Seashore life of the northern
Pacific Coast. Univ. Washington Press, WA,
370 p, 299 color photos, soft cover. - $20.00

Kuhn-Schnyder, E. & 1986. HANDBOOK OF
PALEOZOOLOGY. E. Kuhn-Schnyder & H.
Rieber. translated by E. Kucera. Johns Hopkins
Univ. Press 394p., 177 figs., 8vo cloth. - $24

La Conchiglia Published in Italy. International edition
in English. many single issues - send list of your
needs.

Lane, F.W. 1974. Kingdom of the Oetonne Sheridan
House, 300p., illus., Clean copy d/w some
creasing otherwise fine - $20

Lang A 1896 TEXT-BOOK OF COMPARATIVE
ANATOMY. PART II. [translated by H.M. & M.
Bernard]. Macmillan & Co., Ltd., London, 618p.,
473 figs., 8vo cloth reading copy, worn &
waterstained - $19

Langer, K-F., Bardach, J.E. & RR. Miller 1962.
Ichthyology. Reprint of John Wiley edition by
Toppan Printing Co. Ltd, Japan. 545p., numerous
text figs, 8vo cloth, dj wear, ow near fine. - $27.50

LaRocque, A. 1953. Catalog of the Recent Mollusca of
Canada. Nat. Mus. Canada, 406p, few R.
Talmadge marginal notes, cr4to cover soiled &
small tear. - $39.50

Laskey J 1811 XVIH. ACCOUNT OF NORTH
BRITISH TESTACEA. Mem. Wernerian Nat.
Hist. Soc. 1:370-417. front & back page photocopy
- $15

Laszlo, M. 1983. Magyarozszagi Pleistocen es Recens.
Malakologai Bibliographia. 116pp. - $20

Leaflets in Malacology. S.S. Berry, 26 numbers
published 1946-1969. [index compiled by Forrest

Poorman} owner stamp some copies - $52

Lellak, J. 1975. Shells of Great Britain and Europe.
[translated by Olga Kuthanoval] London, 235 p, 88
col pls, cloth, dj. - $15.95

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82 Shells & Sea Life January 1988 Supplement

Swimming Nudibranchs

by Roland Anderson

The Seattle Aquarium, Pier 59, Seattle, Washington 98101

Tritonia diomedea

Land slugs tend to crawl around in
moist habitats leaving slime trails,
coming out at night to munch our flow-
ers and vegetables. Most are rather
drab shades of green and brown which
blend in with the vegetation they are
eating or the decayed leaves they hide
under during the day. Those of us
acquainted with sea slugs know them

to be slugs of a different color,

figuratively and literally.
Many are brightly hued. They

avoid eating vegetation, preferring to .

prey upon various other marine crea-
tures, and some have developed a
swimming mode used mostly to escape

predators, but also for species dis-

persal or finding better feeding
grounds. Several have given up
crawling entirely and spend their entire
lives floating at the surface or swim-
ming in the depths.

Nudibranchs use a number of meth-
ods of swimming. Some nudibranchs
use up and down flexions of the body,
while some flatten their bodies

laterally and use quick side-to-side

flexions. Others actually flap their
cerata or the sides of their mantles up
and down like the wings of a bird, or
make large undulating motions along
the sides of the mantle which propel
the animal forward. Few of these
nudibranchs can actually make a
directed motion toward a target; the
swimming motions are used mainly to
get the animals up into the water col-
umn where currents may sweep them
away from a perceived threat.

Perhaps suprisingly, many nudi-
branch swimmers are the giants of the
group; Tritonia diomedea is a prime
example, growing to 200mm in length.
This dendronotacean normally spends

S&SL 20(4) 9

its life crawling around on the sand
preying on sea pens, but sometimes it
encounters its enemy, the giant sun-
flower star, Pycnopodia helianthoides.
When this happens 7ritonia flattens its
oral veil and its tail region and then
flaps them convulsively up and down,

rising up from the bottom, hopefully ©

into a current that will carry it away
from its enemy. Tritonia has been
used extensively in neurophysiological
studies because it has extremely large
nerve cells in its ganglia.

The scarlet-colored Spanish Dancer,
Hexabranchus sanguineus, another
giant at 250mm, also swims by up and
down flexions of its body but can also
swim by flattening the margins of its
mantle and pushing anteroposterior
waves along it. This latter method of
swimming has earned its common
name, as it is highly reminiscent of the
flowing skirts of a flamenco dancer.

Dendronotaceans such as Dendro-
notus and Melibe swim by flattening
their bodies laterally and flexing from
side to side. It’s hard not to use
superlatives when talking about nudi-
branchs — a swimming 250mm rainbow
nudibranch has to be one of the most
beautiful marine sights, as its tree-like
cerata flow with its body movements.

Melibe, on the other hand, has to be
one of the most bizarre nudibranchs.
Its entire body is a gray or browning
jelly-like material. Its cerata are large
flat leaf-like flaps through which you
can see a vascular network. Perhaps
its most unique aspect is its hood; the
oral veil is greatly expanded into a
hood with a fringe of tentacles. It
feeds on small crustaceans by ex-
panding its hood into a giant bowl,
which then comes down onto a blade
of eelgrass or kelp like a throw net,
capturing its prey within. The hood is
then deflated and the water is strained
through the fringing tentacles, leaving
_ the preyinside. Another distinctive
feature of Melibe is its smell, like that
of pungent watermelon and usually
does not wash off very well. The odor
is probably an enemy repellant.

The striking beautiful aeolid, the
Spanish shawl, Flabellinopsis iodinea,
swims by flexing its body from side to
side, and another aeolid that swims is
Cumanotus beaumonti, which flaps its
cerata up and down on each side like
the wings of a bird. The bullomorph
bubble shell, Gastropteron pacificum,
has extensions of its mantle on each
side of its body which it also flaps up
and down like wings; at certain times of
the year these bubble shells are highly
prevalent in plankton samples.

There is a rather flamboyant
dendronotacean found in the Car-
ibbean that exhibits still another
method of swimming. Bomella calcar-
ata flattens its body laterally then
makes sinuous contractions of its mus-
cles resulting in a snake-like motion
through the water.

Although not a true swimmer the icy
blue aeolidacean Glaucus merits atten-
tion because of its uniqueness.
Glaucus swallows an air bubble which
buoys it up against the surface where it
floats or crawls on the underside of the
surface film. Its claim to fame is that
it eats the Portugese man-of-war, the
Stinging jellyfish. Like other aeolid-
aceans Glaucus stores the undischarged
nematocysts (stinging cells) of the
jellyfish in its cerata, using them for its
own defense; therefore, Glaucus can
sting the unwary as badly as the
Portugese man-of-war. Glaucus itself
is preyed on by another interesting gas-
tropod, the floating snail Janthina.
Glaucus is camouflaged like many
other open-water creatures: dark
blue above and lighter colored below;
from above it blends in with the deep
blue of the open ocean and from below
it blends in with bright sky.

Many other small nudibranchs’
spend part or all of their lives either
floating in the water column or crawl-
ing on the underside of the surface
film. There are also many other
swimming nudibranchs not mentioned
in this article; for additional informa-
tion on swimming slugs see Wesley
Farmer’s “Swimming Gastropods" in
The Veliger 13(1).

10 S&SL 20(1)

onthe ORUET LINE _ _

from Seattle, WA

Gastropod Power. Slugging it out. Maybe it
was for all that poisonous bait scattered around
flower and vegetable gardens this summer.

Maybe it was for all the gratuitous "YUK!"
insults uttered by hundreds of humans whosight
- squishy slugs and their trails of slime.

We shouldn’t be so anthropomorphic — but
it’s hard to resist thinking that the much-
maligned slugs got a little revenge the other day.

Aslug crawled into an underground vault and
shorted out an electric transformer with its slime
trail, Tacoma City Light reported, leaving
thousands of Lakewood residents without power
for more than three hours.

Predictably, the wandering gastropod did not
survive the incident. "The slugcould not stand
the shock," said a City Light spokeswoman.
"Heisnolongerwith us." (Howshe knewitwas
a "he" wasn’t disclosed.)

Or maybe the little land mollusk was just
confused and looking for companionship.
What do we call those little metal pieces that we
knock out of electrical boxes? That’s right:
slugs. -- from Seattle Times, August 25, 1984.
provided by Roland Anderson.

from Laguna Hills, CA

David Berschauer is preparing a paper on a
behavioral stury of Fasciolaridae of St. Joseph’s
Bay, Florida.

from Emily Vokes, Harry Lee et al
I know you will hear this from others -- the
photo on p. 9 (October S&SL) as Ceratostoma

foliata is not but is probably Searlesia dira

(Reeve).
from Wilton, CT

I want Recent Brachiopods with detailed

collecting data. I don’t have trading material as

yet but I’m willing to purchase or reimburse

postage. Kerry Yellin, 152 Spoonwood Rd,
Wilton, CT 06897 (203) 762-5021

from Laguna Niguel, CA

I currently have some 8,000 shells from many
different places in the world — good to gem
condition. I would like tosend outsome to any
museums that would be interested in them.
‘Contact: Stephanie Prince, 24242 Via Aquara,
Laguna Niguel, CA 92677.

from Los Angeles, CA

Curatorial Assistant in Invertebrate Zoology
at the L.A. County Museum of Natural History
to assist with NSF funded program in support of
museum crustacean program -- part or full time.
Contact: Mr. Hans G. Kuck (213) 744-3450.

from Russia

..with best feelings and hearty wishes for a
happy and prosperous New Year 1988!! Dr. I.
Roginskaya, Academy of Sciences, Moscow.

. from San Francisco, CA

The City & County of San Francisco has been
accepting applications for Marine Biologist and
Senior Marine Biologist. Interested persons
may obtain an application from Jose Lebron,
Civil Service Commission, 646 Van Ness Ave.,
San Francisco, CA 94102, (415) 558-2913

from Australia

Joe & Nell Rinkens wish to advise that they
have moved to 10 Richardson Street. Their
new address is: P.O. Box 418, Port Hedland 6721,
Australia.

from Santa Barbara, CA

..the Santa Barbara Shell Club is pleased to
announce the availability of funds to support
student reasearch in malacology through the
Sara T. DeLaney Scholarship. Completed
applications must be received no later than 1
June, 1988. Contact Paul Scott, Santa Barbara
Shell Club, P.O. Box 30191, Santa Barbara, CA
93130 (805) 682-4711.

from Alaska

I am still well bogged down in fish and have
done nothing with mollusks yet this winter. —
Rae Baxter, Box96, Bethel, AK99559 [ed.-the
second printing of Rae’s "Mollusks of Alaska" is
nearing completion and prepaid orders will be
shipped in the next two weeks].

from Houston, TX
The Houston Conchology Society... is
preparing for its annual shell auction to be held

_ in April, 1987. The proceéds from this auction

help to cover the ever increasing costs of
publishing our quarterly scientific bulletin, The
Texas Conchologist. Our society would
welcome any shells, coral, shell books, shell
crafts or other related items you might wish to
donate. Please send any packages or
correspondence to: Sandra W. Clark, Auction
Chairman, 7902 Captain, Houston, TX 77036.

S&SL 20(1) 11

CLAM by SCOOTER BEERS

BOY, LOOK AT
THOSE SKIERS/
ap ;

SHOOSHING.

es 2a ea

dl 1 BENS
SO,WHERE'S

TRE VERILL?

eee

12 ; S&SE 200) 2

Current

Addresses

We will list changes of address,
new subscribers, and other
addresses here as we receive them.
Many of these changes come from
the post office, which has been
known to make a mistake & we also
make mistakes. If you see an
incorrect address here please
notify us at once and we will publish
a correction in the next issue. If

ou do NOT want your address
isted here, please tell us when you
write to us.

Rosemary Adams
13346 Birchwood
Sunnymead, CA 92388

James L. Barnett _
225 Session Road
Baguio, Philippines
George & Paula Barton
620 S. Nevada St.
Oceanside, CA 92054
619-722-7281

Lee Baxendell
1475 Somerset
Cardiff, CA 92007
619-752-2919

Rita Benak
3819 Strong St.
San Diego, CA 92111

Jo Bennett
1559 Tredegar Dr.
Fort Meyers, FL 33907

Hans Bertsch
2511 W. Sunflower T-9
Santa Ana, CA 92704

Ed & Justyn Blackwell
311 2nd Ave N.E.
Carmel, IN 46032

Dr. Phillipe Bouchet
Museum d'Histoire Naturelle
55 Rue de Buffon

75005. Paris, France

Susan & Bobby Boyd
PO Box 1541
Fallbrook, CA 92028
619-728-9721

Marge & Hugh Bradner
1867 Caminifo Marzella
La Jolla, CA 92037
619-459-7681

Twila Bratcher
_8121 Mulholland Terrace
Los Angeles, CA 90046

Doris & George Brosius
1350 Loring

San Diego, CA 92109
619-483-3447

Billee & Bob Brown
6333 La Jolla Blvd, #171
La Jolla, CA 92037
619-454-5788

Larry Buck

2407 Sacada Circle
Rancho La Costa
CA 92009
618-436-8265

Debbie & Larry Catarius
4173 Galt St.

San Diego, CA 92117
619-270-4376

ae
= mee TNS.
——

Jean M. Cate
PO Box 3049
Ranch Santa Fe, CA 92067
619-756-4744

Richard Cerutti

1359 Sweetwater Ln
Spring Valley, CA 92077
619-462-4841

Bunnie Cook -
1120 Makaiwa St.
Honolulu, H! 96816

Gwen Cornfield

985 Jervis St., No. 6
Vancouver, B.C.
CANADA V6E 287

Donald Dan
2620 Lou Anne Court
West Friendship, MD 21794

Rose & Tony D'Attilio
2415 29th St i
San Diego, CA 92104
619-281-9731

Florence C. Davis
Rt 1, Box 1639 :
Brobecks, PA 17329

John Duffy

5016 Ellison Fl.

San Diego, CA 92116
619-284-0834

Eagle Engraving
Terrasource

John McCloud

PO Box 3322

Billings, MT 59103
406-256-6124

Gene Everson
8325 Adrian Ct.
Matthews, NC 28105

Wes & Barbara Farmer
11061 Lea Terrace Dr.
Santee, CA 92071
619-448-8697

Heidrun &.Phil Faulconer
PO Box 82632

San Diego, CA 92138
619-222-8082

Francisco Fernandes

c/o Santos Brito

Santa Rita, Cacela 8800
Algarve, Portugal

John & Mary Flentz

149 Via La Soledad
Redondo Beach, CA 90277

Robert Foster

P.O. Box 3010

Santa Barbara, CA 93130
805-963-3228

Joyce Gemmell -

150 S. Anza Sp. 47C
El Cajon, CA 92020
619-447-8004

S&SL 20(1)

EerouUTy
= Ss:

—

Maurice Glauser

3, Chemin du Pont-de-Ville
1224 Chene-Bougeries
Switzerland

Richard Goldberg

P.O. Box 137
Fresh Meadows, NY 11365

Barbara Good
1802 McKee St., #C6
San Diego, CA 92110
619-291-5380

Sandro Gori
Via Sernest 7
Livorno, Italy

David B. Green
810 East Rollins Ave.
Orlando, FL 32803

Debrara Diane Haines
P.O. Box 741
San Martin, CA 95046

lan Hamilton

6640 Linda Vista Rd. C-6
San Diego, CA 92111
619-278-6213

George & uicinis Hanselman
5818 Tulane St.

San Diego, CA 92122
619-453-3019

Hawaiian Malacological Soc.
P.O. Box 22130
Honolulu, HI 96822

Richard & Ginny Herrmann
7709: Eads Ave.

La Jolla, CA 92037
619-459-3317

Jules & Caroie Hertz
3883 Mt. Blackburn
San Diego, CA 92111
619-277-6259

John Johnson

P.O. Box. 1205

MCB Camp Butler
FPO Seattle, WA 98773

Alan R. Kabat

Museum Comparative Zool.
Harvard nay
Cambridge, MA 02138

Ms Kirstie Kaiser

P.O. Box 4289

Park City, UT 84060

Ruth & Martin Kantor
2706 Jennings. St.
San Diego, 92106
619-225-8433

James Keeler
3208 Del Rio Terrace
Tallahassee, FL 32312

Bruce Kemp

9420-D Carlton Oaks Dr.
Santee, CA 92071
619-225-7494

13

Calendar

A r FEBRUARY .
SMIUIWTES SMTé™WTES
ee ce eo ee om § 2 1234567
34S6789 8 9 10191213146
10 13 122314 15 16 15 16 17 16 19 20 23
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
24 25 26 27 28 2930 BD oo co a0 oe we oo

1988

JANUARY
Southwest Florida Shell Show, normally mid-
January.

Astronaut Trail Shell Show, January 22-24.
Contact: Astronaut Trail Shell Club, P.O. Box
515, Melbourne, FL 32935

American Association for Zoological Nomen-
clature, Third week in January. Annual Meeting.
Contact: Dr. Raymond Manning, c/o NHB Sop
163, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D
20560

Greater Miami Shell Show, January 29-31.
Annual shell show. Contact: Greater Miami
Shell Club, Inc., c/o Larson, 8850 Byron Ave.,
Surfside, FL 33154.

FEBRUARY
Broward Shell Show, February 5-7. Contact:
Broward Shell Club, P.O. Box 10146, Pompano
Beach, FL 33061

Ft. Myers Shell Show, February 12-14.
Contact: Fort Myers Shell Club, c/o LaVerne
Weddle, 1936 Coronado Road, Fort Myers, FL
33901.

Sarasota Shell Show, February 19-21. Con-
tact: Sarasota Shell Club, c/o Mary L. Mansfield,
2232 Bahia Vista Bldg A#7, Sarasota, FL33579-
2413.

Naples Shell Show, normally3rd week February.

St. Petersburg Shell Show, February 26-28, 41st
Annual Shell Show. Community Center, 1
Park Place & 106th Ave., Treasure Island,
Florida. Donation of $150 per person
(Children under 15 free with adult). Shell
dealer sales during event. Show put on by
members of the St. Petersburg Shell Club, Inc.
Contact: Betty Lipe (813) 360-0586.

MARCH
Sanibel Shell Fair, March 3-6. Contact:
Sanibel-Captiva Shell Club, P.O. Box 355,
Sanibel, 33957.

Marco Island Shell Show, normally 2nd week in
March.

Treasure Coast Shell Show, March 19-20.
Contact: Treasure Coast Shell Club, c/o Bertrez
Bond, 99 Yacht Club Place, Tequesta, FL 33458.

JUNE
Salon International du Coquillage, normally
3rd week in June.

JULY
Conchologists of America, July 11-15. Hosted by
the Southwest Florida Conchological Society at
the Sheraton Harbor Place, Fort Myers, Florida.
Gene Herbert & A! Bridell, General Convention
Co-Chairmen. Contact: Phyllis & Bernard
Pipher, 1116 N Street, Tekamah, NE 68061.

NOVEMBER
Hawaiian Malacological Society, Tentatively -
early November for combined Shell Show and
Auction. Contact: Hawaiian Malacological
Spee Inc., P.O. Box 10391, Honolulu, HI
96816.

DECEMBER
Western Society of Naturalists, Annual
Meeting, normally last week in December.
Details later.

1989

AUGUST
International Society for Invertebrate Repro-
duction, Meeting, August, Nagoya, Japan.
Contact: Prof. David H. Montgomery, Dept.
Biological Sciences, California Polytechnic State
University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407.

If we have missed an event that you are aware of
lease excuse us, and send the information.
e welcome club individual meeting notices.
Send information as early as you can and update
us as the event nears. pee are On a space
available basis with the earliest events given
priority. We especially like to hear of overseas
shows and meetings. Commercial events are
requested to use our CLASSIFIED ADS.

Membership Address
Lists Wanted
Send your organizations non-copyright address

list and we will send each member a com-
plimentary copy of SHELLS and SEA LIFE and
subscription information.

14 — S&SL 20(1)

Suggestions for Authors

SHELLS and SEA LIFE (S&SL) welcomes notes and articles on any aspect of natural history.
Articles on conchology will, however, receive priority. Our major interest is reference and review
material of importance to professional and amateur alike. We include meeting notices,
bibliography, field observations, book reviews, historical sketches and species group reviews among
our primary interests. If you see something of probable interest to our readers, please forward a
copy and we will attempt to obtain permission for republication.

The on the Driftline_. and Reader Forum sections of S&SL are wide open for short
contributions from anyone. Field Notes are intended to provide a place where amateur and
professional naturalists can record field observations. You can provide a real service by recording
and reporting field observations, no matter how unimportant they mayseem. (An example would
be observation of egg laying including locality, date & species.) All it takes is an observant eye, a
piece of paper, an envelope, and a stamp.

Black & white photographic prints may be submitted with articles. If it looks great in the print,
with good contrast and few shadows, it should look good on the printed page. Please provide
separate prints for light and dark specimens as they must be handled separately for best results.
Please note that prints are frequently trimmed spray-mounted before scanning. It is not usually
possible to return the print after use.

We attempt to absorb all production costs (typesetting, halftones etc.) but they should be borne in
mind by authors. Donations to help defray printing expenses are always welcome.

It is the policy of S&SL not to change the writing style of authors, nevertheless there are a few
policies that have been found necessary to decrease the possibility of misinterpretations and errors.

1) Manuscripts should be in final form, complete, carefully proof-read and with the name of the
author(s) appearing at the top of each page. Number all pages consecutively. The sequence of
manuscript parts should be as follows in most cases: title, introduction, materials and methods,
results, discussion, acknowledgments, literature cited, figure legends, figures and tables.

2) Under no condition start a sentence with an abbreviation or with a number written in numerals.
Within a sentence, numbers are expressed in numerals (e.g., 1, 21, 198).

3) Avoid the use of idioms, as scientific papers must be read by persons of many different tongues;
idioms too frequently give rise to serious misunderstandings.

4) Scientific names are underlined to indicate that they should be set in Italics. A double straight
underlining indicates that SMALL CAPITALS are required and a triple underlining indicates ALL
CAPITALS. A wavy line by itself calls for bold face.

5) The first appearance of any scientific name of any species discussed or cited should be given in
full, including author and year of the original description. The generic name should be written out
whenever it is mentioned for the first time in any paragraph and any time if in the same paragraph
two or more genera are mentioned that begin with the same letter.

6) The use of FAMILY NAMES is encouraged. The name should be in CAPITALS and be
clearly associated with the species in that family.

7) Abbreviations and "common names" should appear adjacent to the full-length version or Latin
name. Subsequent usages may be with only the abbreviation or the capitalized Common Name.

8) If you are using terms which are not readily available in standard dictionaries please include a
short definition with each term -- separate from the article. This is preferable to defining the term
in the text. We will include a GLOSSARY from time to time as necessary.

9) Footnotes are discouraged.
10) Square brackets "[ ]" are normally used to set off editorial comments or addition within
articles.

11) Authors should follow the style guidelines recommended in the "Style Manual for Biological
Journals", which may be purchased from the American Institute of Biological Sciences, 2000 "P"
Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20036. Original manuscripts should be typewritten on white paper,
8-1/2" x 11", and double-spaced throughout.

12) References in the text should be given by the name of the author(s) followed by the date of
publication: (SMITH, 1951), (SMITH & JONES, 1952), or (SMITH et al, 1953).

13) The "literature cited" section must include only references cited in the text. We prefer
complete citations including full author names, exact publication dates, series identification, volume
and issue numbers, full pagination, plates, figures, tables & appendices. We will format them to
meet our requirements.

14) Tables, numbered in arabic, should be on separate sheets, with the title at the top. Legends
should be attached to each photograph. Text figures should be submitted ready for publication, in
black ink and completely lettered. It is the author’s responsibility that lettering is legible after final
reduction and that lettering size is appropriate to the figure and the magazine format.

15) Articles and pictures accepted for publication, become the property of SHELLS and SEA
LIFE. No material will be returned unless accompanied by return postage and mailing envelope
with instructions for its disposition.

Pog

S COSFO/ 2 WAZ Ae