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New seven room cottages, all modern conveniences, substantially
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PROPRIETORS.

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SHOES flND SHOEMAKING

ILLUSTRATED.

A BRIEF SKETCH OF THE HISTORY AND

MANUFACTURE OF SHOES FROM THE

EARLIEST TIME

-BY

W, C. MORGAN.

BEVERLY, MASS,:
PRESS OF KEHEW & ODELL.
1897.

/ o

A? 6

INTRODUCTION.

In the history of Beverly, shoes and shoemaking
have always been identified with her success, and
many of her most prominent men have been connect-
ed with the craft. The people of this generation
have watched with ever increasing interest, the de-
velopment of the shoe factory right here in our midst,
from the little shop in the door yard of almost every
inhabitant to the large and well equipped modern
factory of the present time. With the growth of the
shoe industry there has also been a corresponding
growth of city and property, and today we point with
pride to the large and well regulated shoe factories in
the manufacturing district. Incident to and connected
with the shoe industry are other industries such as
the manufacture of boxes and cartons, and the man-
ufacture of shoe machinery. These- factories we
have here today. Beverly shoes are known through-
out the country, and several Beverly boys are sell-
ing her product. It seems to the compiler of this
work that a book of this kind treating of the history
of shoemaking in general, and in Beverly in particular
is a desirable one and one that will meet the approval
and recognition of every Beverlyite no matter wher-
ever he may be. The author is indebted to the late
Hon. John I. Baker for much valuable information, to
Albert Vittum and the Boot and Shoe Recorder for
the use of cuts and to any and all who have furnished
data or statistics.

WILLIAM C. MORGAN.

111

LU
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—

CHAPTER I,

The word shoe is derived
from the Anglo Saxon scoh,
the general meaning of
which is, any covering for
the foot, excepting, of course, hosiery. This subject
of shoes and shoemaking should be of great interest
to our townspeople, for what Beverly is at the present
time, her success and her position among her sister
cities is due in no small measure to her shoe industry,
that industry which has increased her population,
added to her wealth, and made her the thriving city
of today.

The subject is a broad one embracing, as it does,
all countries and nations, as shoes of some kind are
almost invariably worn except by some savage tribes.
One of the first times the word shoe occurs in the
Bible, if not the first time it is mentioned, is where ,
God meets Moses on Mount Sinai and speaks to him
as follows: "Take thy shoes from off thy feet for the
place wheron thou standest is holy ground. '' These
shoes were probably sandals which were the only
kind then worn. We find in profane history, and we
gather from the reports of ^scholars and travelers who

__ — •

SHOES AND SHOEMAK1NG ILLUSTRATED.

have made ancient Jands_a__stiidy,- that ^hese sandals
were worn even before this time, for f rgrrjL pictures
reprodQced and handed down to us by these explor-
ers, and which once decorated the walls of the cities
of ancient Egypt>_vyejfind that the shoemaker, or
rather the sandal maker, as he must have been called
occupied a prominent place among the Egyptians.
One picture in particular which is supposed from the
characters portrayed, as well as the articles of wear-
ing apparel, to have decorated the walls of Thebes
during the reign of Thotmes Third or about the time
of the exodus of the Children of Israel from Egypt
represents the shoemaker at his work.

The men, for there are two of
them, are seated on low stools, one
of them making holes in the thong
of the sandal through which the
'strap passed which bound the san.-
dal to the feet, the oth^r sewing the -thong and
tightening the work with his teeth. Rather a prim-
itive way this seems to us,JLn these days of the
McKay, the Goodyear and Eppler & Adams machines.
The tools bear some resemblance to those used to-
day" in hand work, particuTarry-*ke ~awi -which has

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

changed but little. These sandals which as we have
'said before were the first kind of shoe of which we
find any record, were made low and fastened across
the instep with leathern thongs. Those worn by the
common people of Egypt were made wholly of leath-
er, while those worn by the priests and nobility
were made of palm leaves and papyrus. Wilkinson
in his treatise on the manners and customs of the
xancient Egyptians says, ' 'Ladies and men of high
rank paid great attention to the beauty of their san-
dals, but those of the middle class who were able to
wear sandals, for they were considered a luxury,
sometimes and on some occasions, preferred going
barefoot and in religious ceremonies the priests some-
times took them off."

These sandals were of great variety in form as well
as material, some of them being pointed and turning
up at the toes like our old fashioned skates. The
Persians during the reign of Darius and Xerxes wore
many kinds of shoes. Hall tells us that there were
three prominent varieties, the half sandal, the shoe,
and the boot or high shoe. Among the ancient
Greeks and Romans there were few who wore shoes,
these few being members of the royal family, sena-
tors, and nobles. The senators in particular were

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

very dressy in the matter of their shoes, some of
which were black, with a crescent of gold or silver
on the instep, while others were decorated with orna-
mental work in painting or embroidery, and some
were even studded with jewels.

There were two kinds of shoes in vogue at this time,
the Solea, which we have described above, and the
Calceus, which were made like wooden shoes and
which were designed more particularly for out of
door wear. Hope tells us that the Grecian ladies
wore shoes laced in front and lined with the furs of
animals of the cat tribe, whose heads and claws
adorned the top, and dangled down over the instep,
quite a fancy ankle decoration certainly.

The Egyptian shoe was woven of strong river grass
and other vegetable material, but was very rarely
made of leather, the priests of Egypt believing
that the person was defiled by contact with anything
that had been killed.

According to Homer the Greeks wore boots to battle
in the time of Agamemnon. Plato strongly opposed
the wearing of shoes. On entering the house the
shoes were removed as is the custom in the east
today.

Among the peasants of France, Holland, Belgium

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED,

and Germany, heavy wooden shoes called "sabots"
are worn as has been the custom for centuries.
These sabots are mostly made in Brittany in the north-
ern part of France. An ax, saw, drill, gouge, and
plane are all the tools required in the manufacture of
these heavy wooden shoes. The work is done in the
forests and whole families are engaged in it.

Sherwood in an article in Frank
Leslie's some years ago since says,
"Shoes have played an important
part in the romances of all ages.
In our earliest childhood we delighted in the adven-
tures of Cinderella; or the little glass slipper."
This story is older than the very language in which
our nurses told it, and it comes down to us accom-
panied by a sort ot moldering and exquisite perfume
from amidst the papyrus archives which modern sci-
ence has learned to translate from Egyptian Hier-
oglyphics. Pti a beautiful Persian princess was taken
captive by m Egyptian general, who brought her
with the rest of his spoils, to his home on the banks
of the Nile. One day after bathing her lovely self
in the waters of the great river, and before she had
finished her toilet, Pti was startled by the vision of a
youth as beautiful as the Sun God, who ran toward
her from a neighboring thicket.

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

'The youth would have caught her in his arms, but
the lovely Pti was a true daughter of Dian, and being
swift of foot, escaped his embrace leaving in her flight
a tiny glass slipper. This the youth treasured
and through its medium was enabled to discover its
lovely owner. The Persians alone manufactured
glass shoes in those days; the lovely woman was
therefore a Persian! The general had brought a train
of captives with him from the land of flowers and
glass slippers. How easy the following of such a
clue when Cupid placed the first link of evidence, the
crystal slipper in the youth's hand. And the youth
was none other than a prince of blood royal, Ramesis
II, the original of the great statue of Memnon, the
singing statute, which stands on the bank of the river
Nile today. When Pti was at last found she fled no
more from her princely lover; but as his wife lived
long and happy, and her cartouche is placed beside
his in the greatest of all the pyramids."

Writers and poets of all ages have used the theme
of a woman's shoe from the time of Horace who de-
scribes a coquettish Roman beauty tightening the
straps of her sandals around her pretty ankles, down
to that of T. B. Aldrich in whose "Queen of Sheba"

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED,

the little slipper of the heroine plays so important a
part in the life and character of the hero. It is said
that of all races Americans have the most beautiful
feet. Several familiar proverbs relate to shoes.
' 'Waiting for dead men's shoes. " "I would not stand
in his shoes. " 'Too big for his shoes." "I prefer
to be trodden on by the velvet slipper rather than
the wooden shoe" are some of the expressions.

High shoes reach-
ing nearly to the
middle of the leg
were worq by men
of high rank in the
Tenth century. The Normans wore shoes very
simple in form and made of leather. The early kings
of England are represented as wearing shoes deco-
rated with bands of silver and gold representing
leather. During the Fourteenth century, shoes were
made of a peculiar style some of them nearly two
feet long and tapering to a point; these were brought
up and tied at the knee. Some very fashionable
young men wore them of different colors, for instance;
one boot of red, the other of a yellow colored leather.
From this style fashion suddenly changed, for fashion
like fortune is fickle, from one extreme to the other,

A GROUP OF OLD STYLE SHOES.

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

and shoes were worn which were nearly as broad as
they were long. In fact the fashion was carried to
such an extent that Queen Mary was obliged to pro-
hibit the wearing of shoes which were more than six
inches broad.

High heels are of no recent origin, but on the con-
trary are very old for as early as the beginning of the
Seventeenth century we find, from representations of
costumes of that time, that the heels of shoes were
worn very high, some of them being three or four
inches high, so that the French heel of recent years,
instead of being a new invention, is but an old and
injurious fashion restored, and enough cannot be said
against them, for they are not only injurious but also
unhealthy.

The present form of the shoe was adopted in the
Seventeenth century, and in the latter part of the
same century shoe buckles were used and these con-
tinued to be used until the beginning of the present
century. The most curious of all shoes are those
worn by the Chinese women in high stations. They
are very small some of them being not over three
or four inches in length. When very young the
Chinese girls have their feet bound so tight with
bandages that growth is stopped which of course is

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

very painful, but what of that as long as it is fashion-
able, and there is really no foot at all, only a little
sort of a bunch or ball of flesh, bearing no resem-
blance to a foot except that the shape of the toes are
visible. In Japan sandals of straw are worn. In South
America sandals made of plaited thongs of hemp are
used to cover the foot and we are all more or less
familiar with the moccasin of the North American
Indian.

SHOP IN WHICH WOODBURY BROS. COMMENCED BUSINESS.

CHAPTER II. _^

Adam Smith, in a work pub-
lished some time since said "The
excessive consumption of leather
indicates a superior degree of
civilization. America today is one of the greatest con-
sumers of leather in its varied forms of manufacture,
and it is universally acknowledged that the civiliza-
tion of the United States is of the highest grade."
We are all of us more or less familiar with the little
shoemaker's shop which formerly occupied a corner
in the yard of every farmer, and which during the
winter was made a source of profit to himself and
family by the manufacture of shoes. There was no
noise of machinery, for the work was all done by
hand and the outfit was a small one but these little
shops were busy places.

The well to do people of those times as well as
others perhaps not so well to do, but who did'nt have
much of an inclination to work, and their descendants
are with us today, would gather there and with the
shoemaker discuss the questions of the day. In
these little 12 x 16 shops many theological and politi-

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED,
cal questions were settled, tor the shoemakers of the
olden time as well as the the followers of the craft to-
day were as well read and instructed as any class of
our citizens.

We remember even those of us who are still young,
the little low bench with the seat on one end and
the place for the "kit" on the other, and that kit
also. Two or three knives, lapstone^ hammer, strap,
shave, long stick, shoulder stick, awls, bristles and
thread in the small drawer^ in the lower part of the
bench, also the tub of water in the middle of the
floor containing the sticks or balls of wax. These
are all familiar to many of us and now today as we
look at our large factories filled with the most delicate
yet simple machinery, capable of performing the
work of many men, we can see what immense strides
this industry has made during the century.

The manufacture of boots and shoes is now ac-
knowledged as one of the principal and most import-
ant industries in the United States. As long ago as
1858 Richardson says in a work published in London,
'The Americans are rapidly securing to themselves a
superiority over all other nations in this important in-
dustry and in a few years all shoes of American man-
ufacture will be regarded as the Ne Plus Ultra of the

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED,
art" We find that shoes were made in many pri-
vate families for home use, among the early settlers
while those for Sunday wear and dress up occasions
were imported from the mother country.

Although shoes were made in many Masachusetts
towns, yet the centre of the business aeems to have
been from the early history of the trade, in Lynn.
For we read in an old work describing this business,
that the town of Lynn from its earliest settlement
was noted for its shoemakirig which was one of its
chief industries, and it was with such facilities that
shoes were made there, that it led to the saying that
shoes grew spontaneously in Lynn. If these things
could be said many years ago what can we say today
with our shops filled with machinery and every
modern labor saving device which are so plentiful in
every well regulated shoe factory. The work was
done in the families of the manufacturers in the early
history of the business, there being no factories the
business was necessarily conducted on a small scale.
In 1750 however, a new start was given to the .
business by one John Adam Dagyr, a Welsh shoe-
maker who at that time had just settled in Lynn.
This man by his superior workmanship and his fideli-
ty to business, achieved for himself no mean reputa-

WOODBURY BROS. 1 2nd SHOP.

SHOES AND SHOEMAK1NG ILLUSTRATED.

tion and greatly improved the then existing styles of
work. The Continental army during the Revolution
was supplied with shoes made in Massachusetts.

After the close of the war, and our ports had been
opened to foreign vessels, shoes began to be imported
as our people were in no condition at that time to com-
pete with European manufacturers. It was not long,
however, that shoe business was dull, as the saying
is today, for in 1788, the city of Lynn exported 100,
ooo pairs of shoes; and in 1795, 300,000 pairs were
manufactured and there were employed in that city,
200 master workmen and nearly 600 apprentices and
journeymen. The first vessel to carry a full cargo of
boots and shoes sailed for New York during May, 1818,
Shipments had been made for sometime previous, but
this was the first vessel that had ever carried boots
and shoes exclusively. At that time the manufacture
was confined almost wholly to New England, but it
soon spread and increased until in 1829 there were
four jobbing boot and shoe houses in New York and
Boston; during the same year the wholesale dealers
handled about 1,000,000 pairs. The trade kept grad-
ually increasing in the United States until in 1858,
there were 218 wholesale and jobbing boot and shoe
houses, and through these houses passed the number

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED,

of pairs manufactured during the year, viz: 52,000,
ooo. One of the greatest strides made in this indus-
try was in 1851, when the pegging machine was in-
vented by A. C. Gallagher and which was much im-
proved later by E. Townsend and B. F. Sturtevant
of Boston. It is estimated that at the present time
there are more than 2,000 of these machines in use,
As two or more rows of pegs can be driven at the
same time with these machines, it will be seen at a
glance what a vast saving of labor is made over the
old method of working with pegging awl and hammer.
Another invention of equal importance which, although
came later may be mentioned in connection with the
former, was the McKay sewing machine, the inven-
tion of one Blake and still called in England the Blake
perfected by Gordon McKay and which proved to be
a great bonanza to the patentee and owners.

From the following statistics, we can see the steady
increase of the business from 1845 to 1880. We are
aware that statistics are dry reading and are very
often shunned and slighted by the average reader,
but we think this subject of great importance to the
people of Beverly, for from this business a large por-
tion of our community derive their income and sup-
port. We shall confine ourselves in these figures to

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

our own state, for Massachusetts is the banner state
in this industry and it will be of much more interest
to us than would general statistics. In 1845 the va'~
ue of boots and shoes manufactured was $14,799, 140;
number of pairs made, 20,896,372; number of persons
engaged in the work, 45,877. In 1845 — value, $37,
501,725; number of pairs made, 45,066,828; persons
engaged in the work, 77,827, In 1857 in the city of
Lynn, there were about 5,000 workmen and nearly
4,000,000 pairs manufactured. In the town of Mil-
ford during the same year there were manufactured
2, 000,000 pairs. In 1865 — value $56, 113,987; num-
ber of pairs, 31,070,581; persons employed, 52,821.
We see by comparing the figures of 1855 and 1865,
that less shoes were made and the value much increased.
This is of course easily explained by the fact that
during the war, less work was done, because there
were fewer men at home to do it, but what shoes
were made commanded the highest prices. In 1875,
the value of the goods manufactured was $89, 375, 792;
number of persons employed, 49,708. The number
of working hours through the state averages ten
hours per day. The wages paid during the year end-
ing May ist, 1875, averaged $525 for each male, and
$300 for each female employed. The total amount

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

paid out in the state during the same period was $18,
727,124; of which $3,687,077 was paid in Lynn or
nearly 20 per cent, of the amount of capital invested,
$18,692,864. One more comparison. From the
differences between the number employed in 1845
and 1875, and the difference in the value and amount
of production, we see what an immense saving of
labor the introduction of machinery has been, for
nearly three times as many shoes were made in 1875
than in 184$, and only 3,000 more persons were en-
gaged in the work. The entire boot and shoe produc-
tion of our state is now over $100,000,000 annually-
From the Massachusetts statistics of labor for 1895,
we glean the following: Number of persons employed
35,741; wages paid $12,302,058; value of stock $47,
888,675; value of product $76,882,713.

CHAPTER III.

This chapter is a short
history of the manufac-
ture of shoes in Beverly
from its earliest settle-
ment up to the present time, with the names of many
prominent citizens who have been from time to time
engaged in the work. The subject treated fully
would occupy more space than we have at the present
at our disposal, in fact would fill a volume; so we
have gone over the field carefully, gleaning such
statistics and items of information as may be most in-
structive and interesting to us today.

It was the custom in the early history of our country
for journeymen shoemakers or "tramping jours" as
they were called to travel from house to house repair-
ing shoes, and not unfrequently they took orders for
shoes to measure. These shoemakers or cordwinders
and cordwainers as they were called in those days,
boarded with the men for whom they were working,
staying at a house until all necessary repairs in their
line had been made, then going on to the next place

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

and so on. In the winter they travelled on snowshoe?.
The earliest cordwainer of whom we have any know-
ledge in our city, was Andrew Elliott, who lived near
the present residence of the late Israel Elliott, a de-
scendent, on Cabot Street, just above Beckford St.
This part of the town was called ' 'Hay market" also
"The City" and was a very important place and a
center of trade.

Mr. Elliott was the first town clerk of Beverly and
from him descended many prominent men, including
President Elliot of Harvard College. We find that a
shoemaker of note, Thomas Beard, resided in Salem
in 1629. Also that Thomas Edwards, a name familiar
to Beverly people today, resided in the same town.
This was in 1649 and in 1652 Jonas Fairbanks was
brought before an Essex County court and charged
with wearing great boots.

Just before the revolutionary war, Joseph Foster
moved to Beverly from Ipswich. He was deacon
and also town clerk. He settled on Cabot St. , near
the way now known as Chestnut St. He was one
of those who supplied the Continental Army with
shoes during the war. His shop was afterward occu-
pied by Thomas Herrick, who with his sons, Joseph
H., now living, Sidney, Emerson, Thomas F. and

SHOES AND SHOEMAK1NG ILLUSTRATED.

Oliver carried on the business. Geo. F. Herrick re-
siding on the corner of Dane and Hale Streets, the son
of Oliver, still continues in the craft. This shop
was afterward moved to the corner of Cabot and
Myrtle streets and forms, if we mistake not, part of
the old house now standing there.

Joseph Foster's son Daniel had a shop on the va-
cant lot just below the Samuel P, Lovett estate where
he manufactured thick, heavy boots, calf skin jackets
and petticoat trousers for fishermen. The principal
retail trade in shoes was done by the grocers at that
time, and Mr. Foster supplied these stores in our own
and adjoining towns with men's shoes of various de-
signs.

He shipped also as was customary in those days,
shoes to the West Indies and to the southern states,
receiving in return all kinds of produce, beans, corn,
grain, etc. In connection with shoes, hats, furniture and
New England rum formed part of the shipments.
These men would occasionally accompany the ship-
ment, both for the sake of the trip and to superintend
the sale of the cargo. The following anecdote will
illustrate the fearlessness and pluck of these men:
During the war of 1812 several of these shoemakers
chartered a schooner, loaded her at Essex during the

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

night, ran the blockade successfully, disposed of their
cargo at an immense profit securing for themselves a
good round sum of money as the result of their ven-
ture and the reward of their daring.

Daniel Foster's three sons, James, Seth and Joseph,
all worked with him, and later they, under the firm
name uf Daniel Foster & Son, owned the patent for
manufacturing pegged shoes in Essex county. James
Foster manufactured shoes in the Gorham Howard
house on Bartlett street, also in the original part of
the shop where the late Wm. W. Hinkley's house
now is.

His sun the late Daniel, for many years our worthy
assessor, succeeded him in the business until he re-
tired in 1841, to engage in the fishing business.

Seth Foster worked in the
business in town until 1874,
when he removed to Marblehead
and continued the trade there.
Many of the older manufacturers
of that town learned their trade of him.

In 1829 he removed to Utica, N. Y., and devoted
his time to the manufacture of custom shoes in con-
nection with his store there, In 1830 he removed to
Newark, N. J., and in the year following to Elizabeth,

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

the same state, where he remained until his death in
1833. It was said of Mr. Foster, that he was the
first to introduce pegged shoes into New York State.
He was the father of Wm. A. Foster now living at 37
Railroad avenue, whom we all remember was so long
inactive business on Park St., and who was, we
think, the first to introduce steam machinery in con-
nection with the manufacture of shoes in Beverly.
Also of Daniel Foster, 2nd, who for many years did
a large business on the corner of Railroad avenue and
Rantoul St. Joseph Foster, if we are not mistaken,
left no children. He worked with his father some-
what, but paid more attention to out of door matters,
and experimented largely in the culture of the mul-
berry with a view to raising silk worms and to the
manufacture of silk. For this purpose he set out the
orchard of trees near the corner of West Dane and
Cabot Streets, and from which Mulberry Street de-
rives its name. His experiments were both interest-
ing and curious, and he was commended by the agri-
cultural department at Washington for his intelligent
attention to the subject. But, as it required more
capital to successfully develop his experiments than
he was able to command, he was never able to meet
his expectations in this particular.

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

Among those who learned the trade of the elder
Daniel were Capt. Daniel Cross, Olphert Tittle and
Osman Gage, all seafaring men, the Jatter the father
of Mrs. Charles T. Lovett.

Mr. Tittle carried on an extensive business where
Green's Drug Store now is. .

Deacon Nehemiah Roundy had a shop near the
northerly corner of the Kittredge estate on Cabot St.
At this time it was customary for apprentices to serve
seven years and to board with their masters. Some
were bound out at a very early age and served until
they were 21. One little orphan boy was bound to
a shoemaker at the age of 7. When he was 14 he
remarked to a companion that he was the happiest
boy alive, for he had only 7 years more to serve.
The deacon introduced the system of apprentices ser-
ving 14 months. At the end of that time they con-
sidered their trade learned and received journeymen's
wages. He had many apprentices under this system,
and some of them have been and are today among
our most noted and influential citizens. Out of the
many we will mention but one, a name familiar to all
Beverly people the late Hon. John I. Baker.

Mr. Roundy built the shop now the Dane house
on Cabot Street, having sold the old one to Jeremiah

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.
Trask, Jr., who removed it across the street. He
(Mr. Roundy) manufactured the celebrated Welling-
ton Boot, a very popular and leading style at that
time. He shipped shoes to Africa and other foreign
countries and also had a very successful home trade
in Boston, and for many years made his weekly trip
over the road with his one-horse team. He after-
ward sold the second shop and moved nearer home
into the shop now occupied as a dwelling house by
Benjamin Holden. Three of his sons, John P., Aug-
ustus and George worked with him, the latter doing
quite an extensive business even after he had
engaged in the lumber trade. Among those who
worked in this old shop of Mr. Roundy 's, near his
dwelling house, was Joseph Woodbury, 2nd, who
for many years manufactured shoes on the corner of
Railroad Avenue and Hardy street, and who after his
death was succeeded by his son Myron, who still con-
tinues 'in the trade. George A. Woodbury, 2nd,
another son, was for years located near the corner of
Park and Bow streets, and did quite an extensive
business there. Joseph Masury is another who
worked in this same shop. He afterward did a large
and successful business in Cleveland, Ohio, and other
Western cities, and is at present we believe, residing

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

at or near the former place. James Hill who was so
long our efficient town clerk, and who for many years
was so prominent in town affairs, was another of
Deacon Roundy's employes. William Goodrich
carried on the business in the Luke Goodrich house
near the corner of Dane and Cabot streets. His sons
Charles, Luke and William, worked with him, the
latter being the father of Calvin and Charles W.
Goodrich. The house where Calvin now resides
was formerly the property of his grandfather.
About the year 1819, Capt Thomas . B. Smith
bought the Benjamin Roundy estate adjoining the
William Goodrich house. He enlarged and altered
the house to its present size and shape, and built here
a large factory where he did an extensive business
in the manufacture of heavy boots and shoes. This
shop was for many years a sort of reform headquart-
ers where anti-slavery, temperance, freemasonry and
many other radical measures were discussed, and
which found earnest support and many able advo-
cates. His brother, John G. Smith, worked with
him. This shop was afterwards moved down on
Railroad avenue near the depot, and forms a part of
the Railroad House formerly owned by the late

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

Jeremiah Murphy, and recently moved to River street.
In 1830, David Lefavour began the manufacture of
women's morocco walking shoes in the shop on the
Capt. Issachar Foster estate, now owned by Stephen
S. Woodbury at the cove. He found a market for

his goods, through a kinsman, in Providence, R. 1.,
and gained for them an excellent reputation. He
also took short term apprentices. ' His business
increased until he was obliged to build larger at the
cove, .and when his son Joseph W., became of age

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

BRAY, STANLEY & WEBBER is one of the youngest
firms in the city having been organized but a few years.
The firm is composed of Clifford B. Bray, who at present
represents Ward one in the board of aldermen, Ralph D.
Stanley and Louis D, Webber. They are all young men but
are men of experience in the business. Mr. Bray was for
years general superintendent of the J. A. Wallis factory.
He superintends the manufacture. Mr. Stanley has had long
experience as a salesman and upon him devolves the duty of
selling the product. Mr. Webber is a designer of patterns
and a practical cutter, and looks after that end of the busi-
ness. The specialties of the firm are Misses' and Children's
machine sewed, and old ladies' warm goods. They make
only for the jobbing trade their goods being Dipped to New
York, Philadelphia, Chicago, and the North West.

R. E. LARCOM is one of the best
known shoe manufacturers in the city
having been connected with the industry
since the age of 19 years. He was for
many years in the shoe finding business,
embarking in the manufacture of shoes
some eight years ago. He makes a spe-
cialty of Misses' and Children's spring
neel shoes, and his goods are conceded to
be second to none made in the city. Mr.
Larcom occupies the large C. H. Cressy
factory on Park street. The output is
handled entirely by jobbers, and he has
attained an enviable reputation among
retailers and consumers. The business is
under the entire supervision of Mr. Larcom, who is an able
and efficient business man and a thorough shoemaker.

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

and was associated with him, the business increased
still more, and he was ultimately obliged to build the
large and convenient factory on Rantoul street, where
after the father's death, the business was carried on
by the son, until his death a sh^it time since. John
Lefavour, a brother of DaviJ, commenced the man-
ufacture of shoes in 1847. He was, during the
early part of his life, a seafaring man, being engaged
in the merchant service and bank fishing. For some
two years he manufactured goods for the Cuba trade,
his shop being on Ober street at the Cove. In 1864
he removed his business to Park street near the depot,
and took into partnership his son John H. He con-
inued in the business until his death in 1872.

Nearly opposite
the place where
David Lefavour
started in busi-
ness stood the lit-
tle shop where
the name Woodbury Brothers may be said to have
originated. In this little shop (which has since been
removed and which is now used as a shed upon the
premises of the present Woodbury Bros. ), Thomas

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

Eight years ago SOLON LOVETT started in a
small way to manufacture sole leather cut stock. The
business under his careful foresight has steadily
increased until today he employs twenty-five to
thirty workmen making top lifts, soles, counters, taps,
etc., which find a ready sale not only in Beverly, and
surrounding towns but all over New England. From
the little shop near the Boston & Maine depot he
moved into larger quarters in the Myron Woodbury
factory, until he moved to his present building on
Federal street. This building has been enlarged since
its occupancy, to meet the constantly increasing
business. Mr. Lovett is a man of natural executive
ability and is also a practical man whose experience
in the details of the business enables him to produce
stock which is in demand with the trade. By his own
unaided exertion he built up his large trade. Mr.
Lovett is also an extensive real estate promoter and
has developed successfully several large tracts of
land.

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

Woodbury, the father of the present firm, with his
brothers Elisha, Luther and Stephen, worked at their
trade. The present firm also started in this little shop
but were soon obliged to build larger there, and have
manufactured more goods and employed more helpthan
any other factory in town. Next to the shop of
John Lefavour at the Cove was the Boden shop

where Warren, an early apprentice of Deacon Roundy
and his brother Porter D., who are now deceased
worked at the trade. Opposite this shop was the
Galloup shop, where some of the Galloup brothers
worked at the trade, of whom Jonas G., alone, sur-

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

Thefirmof J. A. WALLIS & CO. is one of theoldest estab-
lished houses in the city. In one chapter of this book, we
find that the firm have succeeded in direct line to the business.
This firm was founded in 1867, by Cressy & Wallis. They
started in a small way, but were so successful that the pres-
ent factory corner of Park and Bow streets was erected. The
business continued under this name until 1877, when on the
death of Mr. Cressy the style of the firm was changed to
Wallis, Kilham & Bray. Messrs. J. C. Kilham and S. B.
Bray having been taken into the concern a few years previous,
and in i8Q2, Messrs. Kilham & Bray retired, Mr. Wallis con-
tinuing alone, until a year or more ago, he took his two sons
Arthur C. and Percy into partnership with him, the firm now
being J. A. Wallis & Co. They make Dongola button and
polish in McKay sewed and Goodyear welts, together with
some heavy and warm goods and oxfords. These goods are
sent to all sections of the U. S. and to Australia. One spe-
cialty is their hand process, machine sewed shoe, which is in
great demand throughout the trade.

J. H. SANBORN, Manufacturer of Old Ladies'
Machine and Hand Sewed Boots and Shoes and
Oxford Ties, in the Norwood Building, Railroad Ave-
nue. Mr. Sanborn is a practical shoe man, engaged
in the manufacturer of Children's Shoes from 1887
to 1893, since which time he has been engaged in
making the specialties mentioned above. He has a
well equipped plant, and manufactures for both the
wholesale and retail trade, and his goods which are
styled. ' 'Old Ladies' Comfort," "Always Easy,"
have won for him an enviable reputation, as a Shoe
Manufacturer.

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

vives. Samuel W., a son of Samuel Galloup, and
who for many years was connected with David Lefa-
vour & Son, still continues in one branch of the trade
on South street, Boston. John O. Standley now
deceased and Thomas Banners, were among the older
workers at this shop. Another old shop was that
of Phillip Hammond down at Ober's point. Mr.
Hammond used to give out shoes to the boys to sew

at four cents per pair. Phillip A. Hammond and
Daniel W. Hammond, both of whom are at Haver-
hill, worked here. Another was the shop of John
K. Fielder, which stood just below the hose house,
and adjoining Nathan Hull's estate. Here worked
Benjamin L. Foster, John W. Abbott and many
others whose names are familiar ones to-day. This
shop, which has since been removed to Lothrop

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

- \

There is as good a chance
for a young man to start
in the shoe business now as
there was twenty-five years
ago, criers of "hard times"
to the contrary notwith-
standing, and Beverly is the
place to do it in.

A few hustling young
men have set an example,
now let others follow and
keep Beverly in its present

Mell. Woodbury p|ace as a Jeader jn the jjst Geo. Millet!

of shoe cities. Shall not the prosperity which has been given
to our city by the push and enterprise of the young men of
30, 40 and 50 years ago be continued through the efforts of
the hustling young men of today? Give the young men a
chance, capitalists. Don't be conservative. Conservatism
has been the ruin of some of our smartest manufacturing
, cities. Enterprise and

™ business ability are de-

M serving of appreciation

H and demand encourage- 1
ment.

The shoe industry is
the heart and source of |
Beverly's prosperity
and the foundation up-
on which it has reared
itself. Let us keep the
life current throbbing
and add to the structure

Levi J. Woodbury Millett,Woodbury&Co. Perley G Eldredge

are examples of what can be done here. The members of this
firm are George Millett, who personally attends to the stock
department, Perley G. Eldredge who superintends the manu-
facture, Levi J. Woodbury who has charge of the packing
and shipping room, and Melville Woodbury who buys the
stock and sell-s the product. They are all energetic, progress-
ive business men, each attending to his own department and
all working for their constantly increasing trade.

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

street, was a sort of a rendezvous for the boys, who
used to meet here evenmgs and learn to play the
violin and other instruments, and many a good time
has been enjoyed in this place. Israel Foster, the
father of Capt. Samuel Foster, had a shop at
Chapman's corner and did considerable busi-
ness there. There were other shoe shops in this
neighborhood in which worked Ezra S. Foster, Lar-
kin West and many others. The shop of Ezra
Cleaves, on the corner of Dane and Essex streets
was another of the older ones in that vicinity, as was
also the shop of Hezekiah and George Wallis, near
their homestead on the corner of Cabot and Pond
streets. George Lampson's shop, which stood on
Knowlton street, was of a similar character. Wells
Smith, who had a shop on the corner of Cabot and
Davis, afterward removed to Dane street, where he
did a successful business until he, with many others,
took the California fever.

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

WOODBURY BROS. This
name is one of the best known in the
city, and the firm has a long and in-
teresting history, and for this reason
has the author of this work taken it
to illustrate the development of the
shoe industry in Beverly. Years
ago, four Woodbury Bros, made
shoes in the little 14x16 shop at Bev-
|erly Cove, shown on page 31. Here
Rufus H. Woodbury and H. O.
Woodbury the present firm and sons of one of the above
mentioned brothers, started, first as workmen after-
wards as manufacturers. This was in 1869. The

first case of shoes was sold to a Bev- \

erly manufacturer, the next two to

a firm in Boston who have been cus-j

tomers of the firm ever since. In

1870, the factory shown on page 35, L

was taken by the firm, and t.wor

years later they moved into the third i

factory shown on page 41, which i

was destroyed by fire in 1891.

They moved to Dover, N. H. but

in June, 1893 came back to Beverly

and moved into the large and commodious factory

shown on page 59. They manufacture Women's,

Misse ' and Children's shoes which are sold all over

the country.

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

JOHN H. HINKLEY & CO. is the name of a
live wide awake young firm, who are engaged in
business in one of the association factories 61 Rantoul
Street. The firm is composed of John H. Hinkley,
E. L. Hall, and C. W. Moses, all practical shoemak-
ers. They started in business in the Frank Wood-
berry building on Park street, May ist, 1896, and
their first year has been a most successful one. They
moved a short time since to their present and more
convenient quarters. They make a specialty of
infant's and children's shoes for the jobbing trade
,only, and their market is through the South and West.

PERRY & WOOD successors to A. Perry & Co.,
is the name of the well known shoe firm occupying
the factory on the corner of Broadway and Park st.
Messrs. Perry & Wood have both had a large experi-
ence in the manufacturing of boots and shoes, they
having been associated with Mr. Albert Perry a well
known and successful shoe manufacturer from 1882
to 1896, when Mr. Albert Perry retired from the
business. Their product is sold largely in the New
England and Middle States to the jobbing trade.
Women's McKay sewed and Goodyear turned medi-
um grade boots and shoes are their specialties, paying
particular attention to wide goods.

CHAPTER IV.

Jeremiah Trask, Sr., had a
shop on the Joshua; Trask estate,
near the Gloucester R. R. cross-
ing, where he, with his sons
Jeremiah, Nathaniel and Manasseh, did quite a little
business. Elbridge, a son of the latter, removed to
Danvers later, where he and his sons engaged in the
business. Manasseh made shoes to measure near
where the Stephen's Baker house now stands.
Nathaniel had a shop in the rear of what is now the
American Express Go's office. Jeremiah Jr's shop,
spoken of in a preceding chapter was near where the
present Cabot street store of A. F. Place & Co. now is.
Among his apprentices were George S. Millett and
the late Seth Norwood, who in connection with his
son Francis, built up a large and well known estab-
lishment on the corner of Railroad avenue and Ran-
toul street, and today the Seth Norwood Shoe Co.,
comprising as it does Francis, William E., Elbridge,
Clarence and Charles is one of the best known in
the trade.

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

' CHARLES S. BATCHELDER, man-

1 ufacturer of ladies' "always easy" shoes
i for tender feet, Beverly, Mass. This is
I the way the card of the above firm reads.
Mr. Batchelder begun the shoe busi-
|j ness way back in 1869, when he entered
I ^6 emPl°ved of D. Lefavour & Son, Bev-
jf erly's old time shoe manufacturers. He
ij remained with this firm twenty years,
i fifteen of which he was foreman of the
HHHHllBi cutting department and did all the buy-
ing for the factory. When this concern
went out of business four years ago, Mr. Batchelder went into
business for himself. His specialties are old ladies' goods
in hand and Goodyear turns, and his product finds a ready
market with the leading retailers in New England, the Mid-
dle and Western states. Mr. Batchelder is located in the
large brick factory on Pleasant street, and his plant is always
a busy place.

COLORS NOT NEW.

History repeats itself. So do styles. Colored
shoes tfyat we speak of to-day as "new" are old as
the hills or something near it. Seventy-two years
ago, in 1825, red and green were the popular shades
in shoes. In 1850 again the same vagaries of fashion
were in force to the extent that footwear matched the
costume and reds, browns, and greens were "in it''
In olden times colored shoes were always strictly the
proper thing — yet here are prating about new styles
and modern innovations! We are merely rehashing
the fashions of our fathers and grandfathers. Our
sons in turn will encounter the same evil.

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.
Not far from 1830, Mr. Ebenezer Moses who mar-
ried Miss Ruth Pousland, came here from Maiden and
set up his business on the corner of Cabot and Essex
streets. With him came Wm. D. Crossfield, who
married a sister of Mrs. Moses and Mr. Wm. Larabee,
brother of Charles A. Larabee. Mr. Moses manufac-
tured mostly run rounds and pumps for ladies and
gentlemen. He built a large factory accomodation
on the Pousland estate on Chapman street. He was

the first to introduce the division of labor with one to
fit the sole, one to sew the shoe and another to finish.
He did a large and successful business up to the pan-
ic of 1837 and continued for several years after with
varied success. His sons, Wm. P., John, James and
Charles, worked at the business. Mr. Crossfield,
after a few years, went to work at the Connecticut
state-prison at Wethersfield, but returned in a short
time to Beverly and worked at the trade here.

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

To produce handsome stylish and good fitting shoes
it is necessary to have patterns that will make these
goods. The pattern making business is more than a
mere trade, it combines skill and art, besides natural
mechanical talent and ability. One of the most suc-
cessful pattern makers in this vicinity is W. O. CREE.
Mr. Cree is also a successful Contract Boot and Shoe
stitcher, and all work entrusted to him will be done
at short notice and satisfaction guaranteed.

GARDNER & SIMMONS are a hustling young
firm doing business at 27 Park street. In the fall of
1895 they bought out the old and established busi-
ness of George V. Brown, and occupy the entire floor
of their building. Their specialty is tips. They
use the best patent leather for the work, and their
business is constantly on t'he increase since the incep-
tion of the partnership. They have an extensive
trade in Beverly and the adjoining cities as the repu-
tation of their goods extends far and wide, the firm
receiving orders daily from distant shoe manufacturing
centres. Wallace W. Gardner and John H. Simmons
comprise the firm, both active, hard working busi-
ness men who deserve the success which has come
to them.

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

Mr. Larrabee, although he worked at the trade for some
little time, was more or less interested in other mat-
ters, being until a short time before his death large-
ly engaged in real estate matters. It is an interesting
fact that Samuel Preston of Danvers, who invented

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.
GEORGE S. BRADSTREET & CO., started in
business, manufacturing Heels in October 1895, m
the Norwood building basement, they were forced to
remove to the J. H. Baker building, at 37 Park
street, Nov. 17, i8c,6, on account of damage to the
Norwood building by fire. They manufacture Spring
Heels and High Heels from both pieced and whole
stock, and have a fine and completely equipped plant
and the facilties to carry on their large and constantly
increasing business. They supply many of the fac-
tories in this city, and some of their product is sold in
the surrounding towns.

THOMAS H. LAWRENCE, manufacturer of cut
Top Lifts, Counters and Tops, is the successor to
Lawrence & Walker. The business was started Jan-
uary i, 1896, and been successful from the start.
Mr. Lawrence is a good judge of stock, and a prac-
tical man, having been employed in the sole leather
department of Wallis, Kilham & Bray for twelve years
previous to his starting in businesss for himself. The
product goes to all the shoe towns within a radious of
fifty miles from Beverly.

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

the first pegging machine, was a school teacher in the
old brick school house on School street, and after he
had removed to Danvers and engaged in the business
there, many Beverly persons, including some of his
old pupils, worked in his employ. A large part of
our people during the preceding century and the ear-
ly part of the present, were fishermen, who worked
at shoemaking during the winter, their work being
brought mainly from Lynn and Danvers. Now,
instead of our city depending upon these two places
for employment, many from these towns are employed
in our factories.

Among]the?old custom shoe-stores fwere^those [of
Edward Pousland and Samuel Dike, both prominent

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

One of the most progressive and successful of the
many houses engaged in the manufacture of boys'
youths' and liitle gent's shoes in this vicinity, is that
of FOWLE & DALEY, whose factory and office are
located at 17 and 19 Ward street, Salem. Beginning
in a very small way on a capital of $300, and mak-
ing only turned shoes, they have by the excellence
of their product built up a trade Of very large pro-
portions. The factory occupies fully 12,000 square
feet of floor space, and is equipped with the best line
of shoe machinery. The product is sold in Boston
and New York, and consists of boys', youths and
little gents' shoes. One dealer sold 29,000 pairs of
one kind of their shoes in a year. This concern cut
their own soles and heels, make their taps and use
all their own scraps. Every appliance and sanitary
improvement has been added for the convenience and
safety of the employes. The firm is composed of
E. Perley Fowle and Joseph E. Daley, both practical
men, who devote their time to supervising the manu-
facture of their output. Gentlemen, whose integrity
and business stability have never been questioned.

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

citizens, talented and influential; that of the latter
is now occupied by Joseph A. Wilson, while that of
the former once stood where is now the Grocery
Store of George H. Southwick & Son. The Wallis
family has long and prominently been identified with
the leather craft in Beverly, Nathaniel the first of the
name here came from Cornwall, England, and settled
at Falmouth, now Portland, Maine, and remained un-

til driven off with the rest of the population by the
Indians. He seems first to have come to Manchester,
but immediately after to Beverly, settling near the
house owned and occupied by the late Augustus
Stevens on Cabot Street Several of his sons were
shoemakers of whom Caleb, afterward Deacon Caleb,
married in 1687, Sarah a daughter of Nathaniel and
Remember Stone, the latter being a daughter of

69 -

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

SOMETHING NEW

THE NAMEAC PNEUMATIC CLEANING MACHINE,

This cut shows a Pneu-
matic Top Arm on a regular
Naumkeag Buffing Machine
base. It is only a few mo-
ments work to put the new
top arm on the old machine,
and the air foot or cushion
automatically filled with air
together with the new mould-
ed emery cover is the best
thing yet devised for clean-
ing the soles of boots and
shoes. To prove this we re-
fer you to over four hundred
manufacturers who have
adopted the pneumatic
machine during the past year

Naumkeag Buffing Mach. Ass'n.
•Beverly, Mass., U. S A.

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

Ensign Samuel Corning, who owned all the land from
Stephens Hill by Milton street, nearly to Pond street,
Coming's Cove near Lawrence's Pottery. Here did
Deacon Caleb settle and rear many sons and daught-
ers, many of these sons were shoemakers and their
descendants are represented in the craft to this day.
The late Deacon Caleb occupied the shop at the
corner of Cabot and Wallis streets built by his father
Caleb, who carried on the business there, doing mostly
custom work. Of the brothers of this latter Caleb
who worked in the old one story shoe shop most
northerly to the above named shop were Josiah, the
father of John E., whose house stands on the site
of the old homestead house. Henry the father
of Mrs. Edward A. Perry, John a bachelor, who be-
came much interested in horticulture and floriculture
and who for many years had charge of the garden
and grounds of Col. Israel Thorndike, our present
city hall estate, extending from Cabot street corner
of Thorndike to Lovett Street and beyond. Several
of this family went on fishing voyages, Josiah, we
think, more than either. Henry the last survivor of
these brothers, stuck to the old shop as long as life
and strength permitted, travelling back and forth to

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

The firm of M. V. BRESNAHAN, is one of the
best known in the shoe trade, located in Lynn. The
firm consists of M. V, Bresnahan and J. J. Hayes.
The concern was established in 1880. They are the
manufacturers of the celebrated Bresnahan Automatic
Leveller which is unexcelled for rapid and stylish
work. They have all the latest models of sole mould-
ing machinery, including the New Duplex Moulder
and New Oil Slide Leveller for press work. The
reputation of this firm extends throughoutthe country.

The Boston office is at 122 Summer street.

TOWER, GIDDINGS 5 CO.
JSankers,

105 Devonshire Street,

..^BOSTON.

riembers of Boston and New York Stock Exchanges.

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

"the city" home of his wife, near Beckford street, at
one of the many Smith Homesteads, in that vicinity,
she being of the race of Hasediah Smith, who was
also one of the many driven from their homes on the
Eastern shore, near Portland, by the Indians and who
sought a home in Beverly. Mr. Smith married the
daughter of Edmund Grover whose wife was a
daughter of Jacob Barney, who had a very large

farm in what is now Danversport. The Grover home-
stead was near where Benjamin D. Grant now lives
and more or less of the Smith land came from that
estate, there were many of the Smith race among the
cord wainers, the earliest we have is John Smith, a
son of James, born in 1762, who in 1788 bought of
his brother James, a portion of the land where was
the former home of the city editor, of the Evening
Times, nearly opposite Colon street. In the estate

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

Lusting Machine

Bostop,

1 1 1 Lincoln St.
1 08 Summer St.
10 j Bedford St.

McKay Copeland Lasting Machine Co.
Chase Lasting Machine Co.
Continental Lasting Machine Co.
Consolidated Hand Method Lasting Machine Co.
Boston Lasting Machine Co.

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

of "the first" Deacon Caleb Wallis, in 1714, to shoe
maker's seat and settle, are valued at four shillings.
Another long cordwainer was Bartholomew Wallis who
lived on the corner of Wallis and Cabot streets, in
the house purchased some years since by Thomas B.
Smith and which was moved to its present location on
Cabot street, just above Elliot street. His sons Bar-
tholomew, Andrew, Israel and Levi worked with their
father for a time; afterwards for themselves. Bar-
tholomew, Jr., and Andrew W. built the three story
house near the corner of Fayette and Cabot streets,
the former had a shop in the yard, and the latter
made custom shoes to measure, just across the street,
near the late John Pickett's house. Israel bought
the estate where his son Major Israel now lives.
Ebenezer Wallis, who lived on Wallis street (by these
names we see that Wallis street was rightly named)
made shoes as did his sons Ebenezer, Jr., Joshua and
Eleazer. His cousin Ebenezer, whose house was on
the site of the Lunt block on the corner of Bow and
Cabot streets, had a shop between his house and the
Lovett House adjoining, where he worked at his
business with his son Ebenezer, Jeremiah, (father of
Fred A. Wallis, of the firm of J. V. Porter & Co.)

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

William and Joseph, (father of Joseph A. Wallis, pf
the firm of J. A. Wallis & Sons, ) so we see that the
business has remained in this family up to the present
time and is still in good hands.

A bright and tonguey member of this craft was
Jonathan Herrick, whose wife was from the Wallis
family. He served during the war of 1812 under
Harrison at "Tippecanoe, " which appellation he bore
ever afterward. His shop, formerly John Hales, was
well known as 'Tar Bay," and stood on Water street,
until it was removed a few years since, when
Michael Harrington built, his new house on its old

site. Mr. Herrick was the grandfather of Rev. S.
Ingersoll Bryant, formerly of this town.

Another character was Harry Ellingwood, who
learned his trade of Deacon Roundy, he was lame,
and during his youth was a pretty reckless fellow,

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED,
but was converted in later years, and became quite a
zealous Christian. He emigrated to Kentucky, and
was for many years a successful and influential local
preacher there.

Lewis Elliot, who married at North Beverly, and
who kept a shoe store in Salem, advertised exten-
sively, believing as our wide-awake and energetic
dealers do to-day, that a liberal and judicious use of
printer's ink pays. Some of his advertisements were
attractive for their originality and uniqueness.
Many of them are in ryhme. One of his verses
read thus:

"Cheap, cheap, cheap was the cry
From Buff urn's corner to the neck;

Shoes to buckle shoes to tie,
Neatly will your feet bedeck."

Another loyal character who served during the
war of 1812, was Josiah Foster, known as "Cape
Sire." He lived on Essex Street, near the
Joshua Trask House. He worked with Jeremiah
Trask, Jr., and in some conditions and on some occa-
sions while telling of scenes through which he had
passed, would imagine himself on board a man-of-war,
and that those associated with him were all English-
men, and would often "clear the deck" of the whole
shops crew,

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

. A very tall shoemaker known as Jack Ayers, who
lived on the estate now owned by Charles H. Patch,
near bald hill, had an entry built on to his shop, in
order, it was said, to accomodate his legs, and the
boys took special delight in twitting him of it, serv-
ing to provoke him almost beyond endurance, and
this was one of their songs of annoyance:

"It was long tall Jack
Said his whip he would crack,

On the wicked boys back
Who persisted in calling him "Lofty"

But "aloft what's the weather?
They all answered together,

And they would then change his name
to Softy.

Mr. Ayers, was a soldier in the militia, and of such
great length of limb that no one else could keep step
with his enormous strides, hence he was allowed to

fall out on the march. Had he lived these modern days
of pedestrianism, he would no doubt been a champion
walker. More than fifty years ago a boy by the

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

name of Abner tried to learn the shoemaker's
trade at Deacon Roundy's shop where then worked
Thomas L. Pickett, a bright and witty char-
acter, who one day examining the production of
this young struggler said, "Well Abner, you have
made something which we can all worship, for it is
the likeness of nothing in the heavens above, or the

earth beneath, and the waters under the earth."
And the best of it all was this, the Abner took all the
credit of the joke to himself and really thought that
its brightness off-set any short coming in the shoe
line.

One of the early Wallis shoemakers was Daniel,
who lived in a square one story house, in the then
open field, where is now the junction of Rantoul and
Wallis streets. He too was a cordwainer and reared
a large family, including several who worked at that
trade. In the later years of his life he came under

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

the delusion that he was dead and in constant associa-
tion with those who had gone before. Hence he was
known as "Deadman Daniel," to distinguish him
from another Daniel Wallis, a blacksmith, the grand-
father of our present Daniel of Federal street, the
well known builder. It may be that there was some-
thing akin to modern spiritualism in the controlling
influences which thus developed themselves in those
early days.

CHAPTER V.

It may be of interest to know that the first shoe
factory in the United States was located in the neigh-
boring town of Danvers. It was established by
Zerubbabel Porter, who waxed prosperous by making
heavy brogans for slaves in the south. These were
made by hand in the cheapest manner as possible.
Following this there were other small shops, which
sprang up about the beginning of the century. The
uppers, soles and linings were cut by hand and then
they were given out to the people of the vicinity
to be finished, the women folks doing the stitching
and the rest of the work being done by the men
who were mostly farmers or fishermen and worked at
the trade during their spare time. Hundreds of
families added to their scanty income in this way.
At this time all the shoes were sewed. One specialty
was fisherman's boots, heavy clumsy affairs, which
the local shoe makers would make up and take to
our wharves, and the neighboring seaport towns for
sale. Some time later pegging work was introduced.
Just before the war the uppers began to be stitched

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

on machines, and now everything is done in that way.
Perhaps a short description of the process of making
the shoes from beginning to end may be of some in-
terest, we will commence at the cutting room. This
is the only room in the factory where there is no
machinery, and machinery will never be introduced
here, for the cutting of the upper demands something
more than mere mechanical skill, it needs intelligence
and that intelligence is only acquired by long practice
and association with leather.

A skin is apt to contain some spot which is too soft or
too poor to go into the shoe. That spot is not
always seen at once, but it is by the careful and
practical touch of the experienced cutter that it is
found. These things the successful cutter must know
and he must know also just what part of the skin is
the best adapted for each part of the shoe upper.

The patterns are hundreds in number and are made
of straw board, bound with brass. There are many
pieces for each shoe, for a button shoe, the quarters
large and small, the vamps, the button fly and the tip,
and for the lace shoe the eyelet stay and the tongue.
All these separate pieces must have their linings to fit.
These uppers are assorted in "case" lots and are sent
to the stitching room. Here are the rows of busy

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

girls each with a swift running machine before them.
Each girl has her special part to perform, one makes
the -linings or prepares them for the upper, the next
one takes and stitches them together at the top, an-
other one puts in the eyelet stay, then it goes to the
vamper and then the buttons are sewed on if a but-
ton shoe, and the shoe is ready for the lasting machine.
In the mean time the sole has been cut from the
heavy side of leather, the counter is fitted in place at
the heel, and they are then ready for the pairs of iron
hands and jaws that are ready to stretch the upper
over the last which has been put in position. While
still in the grip of these almost human machines they
are tacked securely to the insole. Then the outsole
is tacked on and the shoe goes to be sewed, through
and through, if it is a McKay sewed shoe and to a
shoulder, if it is a turned or a welt shoe. Then the
shoe is beat out or levelled, the edges trimmed and
the heel put on. This is an interesting process by
which fifteen holes are made through the heel and
sole, by fifteen awls, then, at a revolution of the
machine fifteen nails which have been put in the
plate, are driven through and clinched on the iron last.
Then the top piece is pressed on to the nails which

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED,
just stick through the top lift of the heel enough to
hold the top on without showing through.

Then the heel is shaped by the heel shaver, then
the edges and heels are burnished with blacking or
stain with hot irons, the bottoms are smoothed and
finished with sandpaper wheels and cleaned with
revolving brushes, and the black enamel or' stain
put on. Then the laces are put in, the sock lining in-
serted, the shoe carefnlly brushed and cleaned and
placed in ah individual carton ready for shipment.

A recent editorial in the London " Boot and Shoe
Trades Journal" which was reproduced in the "Boot
and Shoe Recorder'' is of vital interest to the manufac-
turerers of shoes in America. We quote from the
editorial as follows.

The predominant characteristic of American boots
is that they are stylish and attractive, and it is singu-
lar to note that the keenest competition has been in
ladies' goods, while no material headway has been
made in gents' goods, because attractiveness tells
more than anything with regard to women's foot-
wear, whilst in men's goods other considerations
have weight. They accommodate themselves readily
to the feet. This is the result of two things, the
lightness and suppleness of the upper stock, which

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

n no case has all the stretch taken out in lasting,
because lasting is slovenly done in America compared
with the way it is, or was, done in this country, and
again the lasts are designed to give plenty of room
without the appearance of extra size. The inner
joint is thrown over the sole, a lot of spring put into
the sole, and the bottom is, figuratively speaking, as
round as an apple.

American shoes are light, they are soft, and as a
result they are flexible; lastly, they are cheap, which
is a vital consideration. But are they cheaper than
British made shoes? It is difficult to make the com-
parison, for they are so widely different. All our
goods contain more material, and if the "timber"
were taken out we do not doubt the possibility of a
successful competition. In fact many manufacturers
assert and have proved their ability to make similar
goods at lower rates.

There are points, however in which American
shoes fall far behind the English, and this is why they
will be confined to limited sale, and principally to
women's work. They do not conform to our ideas as
to substance, and when we have exhausted all the
praise in favor of the lightness and flexibility of the
American goods we are forced to the conclusion that

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

British climate and British requirements need a stout-
er and more substantial foot covering. Cold and
rheumatism ever threaten the wearer of knife edge
shoes here, and the nature of the passing winter is
the best answer to the problem of thin or thick boots.

You say wear rubbers! Yes, these articles are good
in their way, but there are people who object to them
and will not wear them, and as the secret of business
is to make what customers want, and not what one
would like them to have, there the question must
rest. Now it is a fact, and doubtless many have no-
ticed it, that the moment you begin to put weight and
substance into an American boot it instantly begins to
lose its attractiveness. Thus it is that the American
goods will be confined to a lighter class of boots and
shoes. They fill, and will doubtless continue for
some time to fill, a certain want, but as our factories
are now equipped with fine machinery, and employ-
ers and workman are aroused to a proper frame of
mind, and determined to cope with any competition,
the trade, we repeat, must of necessity be a limited
one.

If Americans want to do a trade here, if they
want to keep the bit they have got, there is one fact
that they have to bear in mind, and that constantly,

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED,
that is, the importance of delivering bulk orders
equal to sample. This, at least, some of them do
not do, others may; but it is a sore point with buyers
of American footwear, and it is a trouble which will
stand in the way of further progress until time and ex-
perience prove that sample and bulk agree. If on the
other hand, English manufacturers desire to keep the
American trade in check, or may be limit it yet further,
they too, have some things to observe. They must
cultivate a degree of lightness in their goods consist-
ent with solidity and durability, and the first step in
that direction lies in giving more attention than they
do to the stock they use for uppers. They must also
study the question of attractiveness. Most of the
prevailing patterns of Amercian goods are old English
or variations thereof. Somehow, within the last few
years English boots and shoes have been of the plain-
est and handsomeless design, as if an attempt had
been made to imitate old-fashion country bespoke
work; but there is not only room, but a demand for
more art in British footwear, and a large unconquered
field lies before the skillful and artistic shoe designer.
Last, but not least, the English manufacturer must
limit his variety, for this is the only way he can de-
crease the cost of production; and decrease it he must

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

and that contiually, or he will find the mechanical shoe
maker of America a far more painful thorn in his side,
than he is today. Whether it will be necessary to make
and sell from stock instead of to order absolutely is a
matter which time will have to prove, but there is no
mistaking the fact that indications point that way.
Machinery seems to demand it, the fitfulness of trade
encourages it, and competion may at length render
this system of production inevitable.

We have dwelt briefly on the history of footwear,
from very early times up to the present day, touch-
ing the different kinds made, and various styles worn
from one century to another, and so on down to this
time. We also have given brief outline of the amount

of work done in this country up to the present time,
with interesting and instructive statistics. We also
touch briefly upon the early manufacturers and deal-
ers in town, filling the whole in with anecdote and

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED,

story. We have no doubt omitted many persons and
shops which we would have been pleased to notice,
did space permit. Below is a complete list of the
shoe manufacturing establishments in the city, to
the present time with their location.

Babb, Williams, Douglas

Co., 47 Park Street.
Baker, J.H. & Co., 39 Park

Street.
Baker, Louis P. 41 Park

Street.
Batchelder, Chas. S, 58 R.

R. Ave.
Bay State Boot and Shoe Co.

75 Park Street.
Bray, Stanley & Webber, i

Park Street.
Burnham, Louis E., Balch

Street.

Caldwell, Edw. J., 594 Cab-
ot Street.
Chase, Lewis H., 104 Bridge

Street.
Curtis & Lefavour, i Park

Street.
Dennis, John J. 2nd, 77

Bisson Street.

Frazier, T. E. & Co., 55
Pleasant Street.

Hassett, D , J. & Co., 59
Rantoul Street.

Hinkley, J. H. & Co., rear
61 Rantoul Street.

Larcom, Edward R., 59 Park
Street.

Lunt, Hervey, 68 R. R. Ave-

Marsters & Walker, 55 Ran-
toul Street.

Millett, Woodbury & Co.,
61 Rantoul Street.

Murray, Cone& Co., 53 Ran-
toul Street.

Norwood, Seth Shoe Co.,
85 Rantoul Street.

Nugent Bros., 52 R. R. Ave.

Perry & Wood, 59 Broad-
way.

Porter, Jeremiah L., 58 R.
R. Ave.,

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

Raymond & Mader, i Park

Street.
Rogers, S. M. Shoe Co., 37

Park Street.
Sanborn, J. H. & Co., 55

Pleasant Street.
Seavey, F. A. & Co., 59

Rantoul Street.

Thissell, Arthur P., 130 Park
Street.

Tuck, Walter E., & Co., 55
Broadway.

Wallis,J. A. & Co. 65 Bow
Street,

Warren, A. W. & Co., 64
R. R. Ave

Wilson, John, 63 Federal

Street.
Woodberry, Frank, 81 Park

Street.
Woodbury Bros., 40 Rantoul

Street.
Woodbury, Myron 55 Bow

Street.

To any who have contributed in any way in the
compilation of this work, the publisher extends
thanks, and also to the advertisers, all of whom are
reliable and can be heartily recommended to the com-
munity.

SHOES AND SHOEMAKING ILLUSTRATED.

How much a man is like old shoes'

For instance, each a sole may lose.

Both have been tanned — both are made tight

By Cobblers— both get left and right.

Both need a mate to be complete,

And both are made to go on feet.

They both need heeling; oft are sold,

And both in time, turn all to mould.

With shoes the last is first; with men

The first shall be last, and when

The shoes wear out they're mended new.

When men wear out, they're men dead, too!

They both are trod upon and both

Will tread on others— nothing loath.

Both have their ties and both incline.

When polished in the world to shine;

And both peg out. And would you choose

To be a man or be his shoes?

ADVERTISEMENTS

GLENWOOD

Ranges and Furnaces

Are The Best.

Economi-
cal in fuel.

and Low in Price.

We are Headquarters for the Glenwood
Ranges, Alaska Refrigerators and Ice Chests.
Blue Flame Oil Stoves, Wall Papers, Crockery,
Straw and Oil Carpets, and Kitchen Furnishings.
Ice Cream Freezers, Hammocks, Window Screens,
and all kinds of Piazza Chairs.

O. LTJlsTT,
214 Cabot St., Beverly

ADVERTISEMENTS

No Manufacturer in Beverly

or elsewhere, who is posted in his business, it is safe to assert,
in purchasing the various items of materials and labor which
enter into the finished product of his factory, could be in-
duced to by any pretext or for any purpose to choose the IN-
FERIOR quality of the several commodities, were the BEST to
be offered at the same price; the person making such a propo-
sition to him would be treated as a drivelling idiot.

But when the same manufacturer comes to select the item of
INSURANCE which forms the basis of credit for all his opera-
tions, how then? Does he make any comparison of the diff-
erent "GOODS" offered? We think not! But nevertheless
there is just as wide a difference in the quality of insurance
offered as there is in the quality of stock and materials used,
but unlike the stock and materials the Best quality costs no
more than the poorest. Therefore, don't be induced to take
year after year policies the value of which is all a matter of
conjecture with you. Be posted! You pride yourself that you
are in every other department of your business. We are in
the business to prove the quality of the goods we sell. We
ask no more for the ist class article than you pay for the poor
one. Let us talk with you about it! It will be worth your
while!

Arthur A. Forness,

Room 3. Endicott Bldg, Beverly.

Representing 14 of the Largest and Strongest Home
and Foreign Companies.

ADVERTISEMENTS

DC:

CT5

00~

CJD

5S.

* ° J2

V) ~ti +2

oj •— ^ *rr

o o ^

W CJ 4^

V > O

g^a

OJ CX

at the old Corner Drug Store.

Established 100 years ago.

Horace Standley,

Prop.

ADVERTISEMENTS

Old Stand.

Every RICHMOND is war-
ranted.

In NO respect is it surpassed.

In SOME respect it is unriv-
alled.

The RICHMOND GRATE
keeps fire with least at-
tention.

Its SIMPLICITY commends it.

When in doubt buy a RICH-
MOND.

F. A- HTNKU5Y A CO.,

91 CABOT ST.

Up-to-date Kitchen Furnishers.
96

ADVERTISEMENTS

s. s.

Pint

Designer and
Maker of

Butterick Patterns.

Agent for Lewando's Dye House.
Headquarters for Dolls.

IfcTo. 1O5 Cabot Street, 3

(Birbler's

Coal Mbaves,

15 Oaloot Street and
TTsTsuter Street

Anthracite and

COAL.

HflRD HHD SOFT WOOD

ADVERTISEMENTS

Stop flying IRent!
©wn ?our own
Ibome

Affords the

155 Cabot St., X] opportunity.

BEVERLY, MASS.

Geo. F. Hinkley no 77
Cabot St. opposite Pleas-
ant St., Beverly Mass.
Where you can find the
highest grade of Ranges,
Furnaces, and tinware
Twenty-seven years ex-
perincein the Furnace
and Stove work in Bev-
erly. If you deal with
me, that experience is
worth something to you.
Lowest cash prices on all
goods which are high in
standard, and fully war-

-JW^^&!!$l%i§ji> " '^^^SSff ':' ranted- Practical store

* ig^l^Vw JP man, oldest stand in the

^^jwFWUat- S-F'^ county. Orders by mail

promptly attended. We
carry the largest line of

Ranges[in the city also the best furnace for a low price. Call on us and be
convinced. No. 77 Cabot St., Agent for Hot Water Heaters Steam and
Hot Air and Hot Water combined. We represent Smith & Anthony goods
ire the leading manufacturers in this line of goods, sanitary plumbing

77 CABOT STREET.
98

ADVERTISEMENTS

Massachusetts Cleansing Co. ,

54 MunroeSt-, Lynn. R W Fil«ne, Manager-

We will call for your Clothes once each week, sponge, clean,
press, and repair them (small repairs) and return them to your
residence for $1.25 per month, or $12 per year, payable in ad-
vance.

IT REALLY COSTS YOU NOTHING,

Because Clothes so well taken care of will average double
wear, and look like new all the time. References by permiss-
ion:

E. A. Maloon, S. B. Bray, A. Whitcomb, C. A. Ivamson, J. C. Kil-
ham, Rev. A. B. Coates, Rev. W. A. Bacon, I. W. Foster, J. R. Pope,
Iv. I,. Woodbury, C. A. Kurd, E- Giles, Dr. W. H. Swan, Dr. G. A.
Stickney, Dr. W. E. Bongartz, Dr. C. W. Haddock, Dr. H. D. Lambert
and a hundred others.

P. S. Kindly drop us a postal and our representative will
call and explain our system.

EX C. CANN

Estimates furnished
at short notice.

Personal attention
given to jobbing.

First-class work

guaranteed.

Shop

124 Rantoul St.,
Beverly

ADVERTISEMENTS

EXPRESS COMPANY.

Freight and Express matter forwarded to
Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore
and all principal points.

Leave Beverly Office, for Boston, 8.15, 10 and 2
o'clock. Freight at 6. 30 o'clock.

Boston Office. — 32 and 33 Court square, 105 Arch
street, 76 Kingston street. Main office 1 5 Devonshire
street.

VICI KID SHOES for
SUMMER WEAR

There is nothing so nice as a good light weight Shoe for
warm weather, and Vici Kid Shoes are light, easy and dura-
ble. We have them in colors of CHOCOLATE, GREEN,
BROWN, TAN, BLACK. Our prices are always the low-

'" CENTRAL SHOE STORE.

Commercial Block, BEVERLY, MASS.

H. I. Wilson, Manager.

100

ADVERTISEMENTS

Tflfl rnilPU Cannot be said in praise of

I UU I lUuilpRAYMONDS SIX PELLETS,

for colds. They should be taken on the first indica-
tion of a cold and the result is invariably a cure.

Thousands of these Pellets have been used and the
demand is constantly increasing. The most effective
way to ward off Pneumonia arid serious Lung Trou-
bles, is to have a bottle of RAYMOND'S SIX
PELLETS in the pocket, and use them when
needed. They are sold everywhere at 25 cents per
Bottle.

Centennial (Stove,

The finest PICNIC GROVE and CAMPING GROUND

in Massachusetts, magnificent scenery along the shores of
Chebacco Lake, an unlimited extent of old primeval pine and
spruce forest, interspersed with open glades & smooth drives.
Among its many attractions are a Bicycle track, Dance hall,
Shooting gallery, Swings, Dining rooms, etc. The safest
of Boats are maintained for the use of visitors. The best of
facilities for transportation by the Boston & Maine railroad
a branch of which runs direct to the grove. *

For particulars and terms apply to DAVID LOW, Essex, Mass,

101

ADVERTISEMENTS

The best

The Largest variety
of Cake and Pastry
in the city.

Payson's

St.,

Office cor. Pond and Rantoul Streets.

CONTRACTOR.
AND

White-washing Ceilings a specialty.

102

ADVERTISEMENTS

LEE

Undertakers

AND FUNERAL DIRECTORS.

Carriages and Hearse Furnished.

All work pertaining to the dead attended to promptly and
carefully, day or night.

SI1.,

Telephone No. 757-2

BEVERLY ICE CO.,

OFFICE

89 PARK STREET, Beverly, Mass.

Monthly Rates.

12 Lbs. Daily, per. month $1.50
16 " " " " li-75

20 " " li " $2.2$

30 " " " " $3.25

By weight.

100 Lbs. one Delivery, 25 cents.

50 " " " 15 "

25 " " " 10 "

103

ADVERTISEMENTS

GEORGE SWAN,

ARCHITKCT
BEVERLY, MASS

Bonaventura's

Dealer in

Foreign

French and American Confectionery,

Tobacco, Cigars, etc.

life carry none but M<? Aest.

125 Cabot and Cor. Hale and Cabot Sts., Beverly.
104

ADVERTISEMENTS

GRADUATE OF
Mount Allison Conservatory of Music-

LESSONS GIVEN ON 28 Atlantic Ave-,

Piano, Organ and Harmony. BEVERLY.

Large experience. Good references.

The best 11 \ j *

and cheapest yy QOCl

Fbr Fire-places and Air-tight Stoves.

KINDLINGS By the Bushel.

J. J HARRIGAN

3Poot of ^lea.sa.an.t St

Near Murphy's Stable.

105

ADVERTISEMENTS

Massachusetts Mutual
LIFE INSURANCE CO

Writes all forms of policies.

Charles %.

GENERAL AGENT,

41 Washington Street, Beverly, Mass.

WM. L. WOOD,

Contract Stitcher of Boots and Shoes,
5;^ Pleasant Street, Beverly.

BEVERLY LOAN COMPANY,

Money Loaned on Furniture, Pianos, Organs,
Horses, Carriages, or any good security. Property
to remain in the owners hands.

Mileage Books to let.

Boston Tickets for sale.

55; Pleasant Street, Beverly.

WM. L. WOOD, Manager.
106

ADVERTISEMENTS

West Dane Street, Beverly, Mass.

W. M. STEVENS, Prop.

First-class Boarding and Livery Stable.
Fine Horses and Modern Equipages.

Do you contemplate building or purchasing Real
Estate. If so, do not fail to investigate this very de-
sirable property.

On Mason Street, North Beverly, finely built
cottages of 6, 7 and 8 rooms, with all modern conven-
iences, for sale for cash or easy payments. This prop-
erty is located on the right of Cabot Street, north of
Gloucester Crossing, having all the advantages of fine
view and pure air. Electric cars pass the head of the
street every 1 5 minutes. For terms apply to

L. K. BARKER, Wenham Depot,

^ ^-~ -•• — — • - — — , — t — > — , — ^f-^_f^

or S. H. STONE'S REAL ESTATE AGENCY.
107

ADVERTISEMENTS

BEVERLY MACHINE WORKS,

Contractors,
General Machinists,
Millwrights.
Machine Jobbers and
Repairers,
Nickel Platers,
Brass Finishers and Polishers.

Rear of Association Factory No. 4,

61 Rantoul Street, Beverly, Mass.

Boston Office: 13 Doane St., Room 8.

John S. Baker, Manager. William E. Bailey, Superintendent

o. OTJ:R,:R,I:E],

Carpenter, ~ Contractor ~ and - Builder.

26 West Dane Street,

Beverly, Mass.

Plans, Specifications
and Estimates
furnished free.

Jobbing and Repair,
ing promptly done.

108

ADVERTISEMENTS

W. Ik,

*ww»*Geacfeer of piano,
6 H>ane St.t Beverly,

Special attention to beginners

PlCkett Dealer in

Tobacco,

and all kinds of Smokers' Articles,

Agent for Beverly Custom Laundry.

109

ADVERTISEMENTS

177 Cabot Street cor. Thorndike St.

BEVERLY, MASS.

Open Daily from 8.30 a. m. to 1.30 p. m.
Robert R. Endicott, Pres. Chas. H. Kilham, Treas.

Albert S. Hoogs, Teller.
Committee on investments.,

Robert R. Endicott, Augustus N. Clark, Samuel J. Foster,
George Butman.

Deposits begin to draw interest on the fourth Wednesdays of January,
April, July and October, and may ba withdrawn at any time without previous
notice.

Dividends payable on the fourth Wednesdays of April and October in each
year, and placed on interest immediately if not withdrawn.

No. of Depositors Amount of Deposits

6.000 $2,100,000

Beverly, March i, 1897.

Ira. A. Smith, Walter L. Dixon.

flfoacbiniete, tx>

Shoe Machinery built and repaired. Particular
attention given Experimental Work. Duplicate Parts
for Reece Button Hole, and other Standard Machines
always on hand. Pulleys, Hangers, and Shafting,
furnished at short notice; also estimates for placing
the same.

COR. PARK & PLEASANT STREETS.

-BEVERLY, MASS..

ADVERTISEMENTS

Beverly National Bank,

CAPITAL, $200,000,00

ALBERT PERRY, President

ALLEN H. BENNETT, Cashier

Safe Deposit Boxes to rent, in fire and burglar proof
vaults.

Bank Hours: 8.30 A.M. to 2 P.M.

BEVERLY BURIflL VAULT CO.,

<*^_T. P. DBER, MAIMAGER._^

Residence Odell Ave., near Cabot.

Manufacturers of

ny Orders received by telephone at the drug store of
G. C. & J. L. Berry, 259 Cabot Street, Beverly
will receive prompt attention.

ADVERTISEMENTS

Successor to Philip E. Ober,

PATENTEE AND MANUFACTURER OF

PA TENT CEMENT

Sarcopnagus or Burial Vaults.

Also Cement Water Gates & Hydrant Boxes
flfeason TJOlorfe promptly attenfcefc to.

DRAIN PIPE Furnished and Layed.

17 Union St., Beverly, Mass.

THE

Livery, Hack
and Boarding

Pleasant St., near Depot Sq., Beverly, Mass.

Furnished for Funerals, Weddings and Receptions.

Carriages at Depot to meet all trains. First-Class Horses
and Latest Style Carriages 79 Let at Reasonable Prices.

Calls attended to Day or Night. Barges and Large Car-
riages Furnished for Parties.

J. R DESMOND, Prop.

Telephone 723-2.

112

ADVERTISEMENTS

Fire, Life, Accident, Plate-Glass, Liability, in fact
all kinds of

Written in Largest and Best

STOCK AND MUTUAL COMPANIES

At Tariff Rates.

Dividends of 70 per cent, paid on 5 year policies.

Real Estate Brokers.

Issachar Lefavour & Son,

16 Washington St., Cor. Brown, Beverly, Mass.

Justice of the Peace. Mortgages Negotiated.

Dress Cutting ^^

By the

TAYLOR SYSTEM

Taught by

* <L IE. Hrnolb.

DRESS - AND CLOAK - MAKING.

Seamless Work a Specialty.

2 Ttfilton Street, Corner Cabot Street,

a , , * . . . Beverly, Ttfass*
113

ADVERTISEMENTS

Beverly Bowling

Ccrner Rantoul and Bow Streets.

The finest Bowling Alleys in the county. There are seven
in all, fitted in elegant style with a new and brilliant system of
lights. Prizes offered every week for highest scores-

Come down and roll, when time hangs heavy on your
hands, at the Myron Woodbury building.

34 Railroad Ave.

This book is a sample of our work.

Salem Office 228 Essex Street.
114

ADVERTISEMENTS

Samuel H. <3entlee,

FUNERAL DIRECTOR ^ EMBALMER

29J Cabot Street, Beverly.

Calls answered day or night.

Night calls, 18 Butman Street.

Telephone, 702-2.

df rank E. Xubben,

MILK BEALER

Drop me a postal and I will call.

36 Dodge Street, Beverly, Mass.

ADVERTISEMENTS

A BEVERLY MAN.

New England's most Noted Healer, challenges the
world to exceed his cures. Without the aid of med-
icine, he cures cases pronounced incurable by the
best physicians. No matter if your case has been
given up as incurable, go and see him.
^Dr. Dennis possesses a power which can not be
explained, but its effect upon diseases can not be de-
nied. It is far superior to medicine.

Some of his most marvellous cures have been made
in his native city.

Female Diseases a specialty. Office 8 1 Washing-
tori St., Salem, Room 5. Residence Prospect St., Bev-
erly. Hours at Office, from 9 to 4 Wednesday and
Saturday.

(lark's

TO LET FOR PARTIES.
TERMS REASONABLE.

Accomodations Excellent.

116

ADVERTISEMENTS

Mrs. M. E. Wallis,

Regular an& ^ranetent^ JBoatbCtS,

First-Class Table Board.

Table Board,

No. 11 Railroad Avenue.

V. L. Rankin,

Contractor
and Builder.

Jobbing in all its branches. Estimates Furnished on application.
Shop and Residence,

18 Highland Ave., Beverly, Mass.

117

ADVERTISEMENTS

Established in 1844. Telephone Connections.

Tbe PicKett Coal Co.,

(Successor to John Pickett)
Dealers in

Coal, W, Up Ikkihtc Hair.

Offices, 15 Water Street,
164 Cabot cor. Milton

Order Box at H. P. Woodbury's, at Cove.

TERMS, CASH.

Burton Avenue leads from Essex to Bisson streets,
and is one of the finest Avenues in the City, G. E. &
B. electrics pass close by and it is about 6 minutes
walk to City Hall, and a few minutes to the Beach,
where there is fine Boating and a short row to the
Willows. This Avenue is considered the healthiest
part of the City, five Cottages already built and sold
to good parties, two more being finished and will be
For Sale; tht Cottages are well built and have mod-
ern conviniences and have six and seven rooms and
dry cellars. Price reasonable and very easy terms.
P. S. It is a fact that these Lots are the nearest to
the City Hall, that can be purchased for a reasonable
price. Can refer to those I have built.

J. H. A\ORSE, I

71 Essex St., Beverly, /"Vass.

ADVERTISEMENTS
CASH PAID FOR FAT CATTLE,
VEAL CALVES AND FAT HOGS.

New A\ilcb <3ows op band for sale.

Particular attention paid to the

Cleaning Out of Vaults, Cesspools, Etc,,

By the ODORLESS EXCAVATOR PROCESS.

E. B. RDWELL.

may be left at S. A. Gentlee's, 291 Cab-
Street, or Box 1322, Beverly, Mass.

For trie House, stable, Poultry House
ana" Kennel,

H Cabot's / , ••

Sulpijo-Rflpliol

Liquid
Cleanliness

For sale by

Whitcomb=Carter Co.

ADVERTISEMENTS

He don't know
much about shoe-
making, but if you
want to talk about

FISH

he can tell you that
his market is the
cheapest place in
Beverly.

Gflfllt E.

, Fine Baker & Confectioner.

Delicious
Cream Bread
and rolls fresh
every after-
noon.

Weddin g,
Birthday, and
fancy o r n a -
mented cake
a specialty.

Ice Cream, Sherbet and Frozen Pudding delivered to all parts of
the city and vicinity.

143 ^CABOT STREET, BBVBRLY, MASS.

120

RETURN TO:

CIRCULATION DEPARTMENT
198 Main Stacks

LOAN PERIOD 1
Home Use

ALL BOOKS MAY BE RECALLED AFTER 7 DAYS.

Renewals and Recharges may be made 4 days prior to the due date.
Books may be renewed by calling 642-3405.

DUE AS STAMPED BELOW.

MOV 0 7 2C34

FORM NO. DD6 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY
50M 4-04 Berkeley, California 94720-6000

ADVERTISEMENTS

We Sell Shoes, Why!

Because we have succeeded in meeting the con-
ditions required by the people who buy shoes,

Up=to=date Styles,

M134664

TS\

THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY

A SPECIALTY.

Call and see us.

Get Samples and Prices.

We will Satisfy you.

?¥

THE KENDRICK PRESS, Ensign N. Kendrick,

147 Cabot Street, Proprietor.

BEVERLY..

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